Full text of "Department of State bulletin"

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GivcN By

U. S. SUFf. OF DOCL'MKNTS

THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE

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VOLUME VI • Numbers 132-157

January 3 -June 27, 1942

/ ^! '4'1

UNITED STATES

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

WASHINGTON : 1942

U, S. SUPERINTfNOENT OF OOCUMEMT*
SEP 2 1942

":•:♦: V 5 5,

Publication 1781

INDEX

Volume VI : Numbers 132-157, January 3 -June 27, 1942

Acheson, Dean G., Assistant Secretary of State : Address

to Americans of Italian descent, 510.
Acting Secretary of State. See Welles, Sumner.
Addresses, statements, etc. See names of individuals

and specific subjects.
Advisory Mission to India, 209, 230, 260, 433.
Africa (see also Union of South Africa) :
French Equatorial Africa, opening of American Con-
sulate General at Brazzaville, 273.
French North Africa, U.S. economic assistance to, 318,
337.
Agents of foreign principals, registration of :
Rules and regulations regarding, 664.
Transfer of duties from the Secretary of State to the
Attorney General, 496.
Agreements, international. See Treaties, agreements,

etc.
Agriculture :
Colombian Agricultural Mortgage Bank, adjustment
of defaulted bonds, statement by Secretary Hull,
565.
Joint arrangements betvreen U.S. and Canada, 313.
Mission of U.S. to Saudi Arabia, 261.
National Farm Institute, address by Mr. Berle before,

168.
Second Inter-American Conference on, Mexico City,
Mexico, 568.
Alaska : Military highway to, 237.
Aliens, enemy :
Civilians, treatment of, 445.
Regulations governing, 66.
Alliance, treaty between United Kingdom and Soviet

Union, and Iran (1942), text, 249.
Ailing, Paul H., Chief, Division of Near Eastern Affairs

of the Department : Appointment, 252.
Allocations of commodities from U.S. to other American

republics, 274, 393.
Amelioration of the condition of the wounded and the
sick of armies In the field, convention (1929),
adherence of El Salvador, 233 ; proposed legislation
to Implement provisions, 492.
American Friends of Greece : Address by Mr. Berle at

Columbia University Club, 257.
American Hemisphere Exports Office of the Depart-
ment: Appointment of Olaf Ravndal and desig-
nation of Albert M. Doyle and Charles F. Knox, Jr.,
as Assistant Chiefs, 499.

American Political Science Association, New Yobk,

N.Y. : Address by Mr. Duggan before, 8.
American republics {see also Commissions, committees,
etc., international ; Conferences, congresses, etc..
International ; Defense, hemispheric ; The War ;
and individual countries) :
Aviation training —
Death of Chilean student aviator in U.S., 328.
Offer to U.S. of facilities In Cuba, 553.
Central banks or equivalent institutions, conference

of representatives, 3S3, 474.
Cultural relations —
Address on cultural exchange in wartime, by Mr.

Thomson, 29.
Book gifts to English Center In Ecuador, 69.
Exhibition in U.S. of Chilean art, message of Act-
ing Secretary Welles, 262.
Films, educational, production in U.S. for ex-
change, 263.
Institutes of culture in, 246.
Roosevelt Fellowship program, 69.
U.S. cultural relations officers to, 247.
Visits to U.S., of Brazilian educator, 224, and
musician, 83; Chilean educator, 70, and critic,
154 ; Colombian editor, 555, and historian, 439 ;
Costa RIcan author and educator, 885 ; Cuban
educator, 555, and publisher, 539 ; Ecuadoran
official, 565 ; Guatemalan anthropologist, 154 ;
Honduran artist and educator, 247 ; Mexican
editor, 439; Nicaraguan educator, 308; Pan-
amanian educator, 247; Paraguayan official,
375 ; Peruvian educator, 94, engineer, 375, and
official, 374, Uruguayan educator, 555.
Economic and Financial Control Systems, Inter-
American Conference, at Washington, D. C, 567.
Economic cooperation —
Agreements between U.S., and Brazil, 145, 205;
Costa Rica, 554 ; Haiti, 353 ; Mexico, 325 ; Nica-
ragua, 368 ; Peru, 365.
Highway, Inter-American, construction through
Costa Rica with U.S. cooperation, 72.
Fishery science, awards by U.S. of fellowships in, 291.
Highway, Inter-American, 13, 72.
Legations In U.S. of Bolivia, Ecuador, and Paraguay,

elevation to rank of Embassy, 47, 48.
Ministers of Foreign Affairs, Third Meeting, at Rio
de Janeiro, 12, 55, 77, 88, 117.

674a

574b

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

American republics — Continued.

Nationals and officials in Axis countries, exchange
for Axis nationals and officials in American re-
publics, 363, 383, 392, 491, 553.
"Networli of the Americas" program. Inauguration

by Columbia Broadcasting System, 473.
Peruvian-Ecuadoran boundary dispute, settlement,

94, 194 ; text of agreement, 195.
Severance of diplomatic relations with Axis powers,
by Bolivia, 90; by Brazil, S9; by Ecuador, 91;
by Paraguay, 91 ; by Peru, 89 ; by Uruguay, 90 ;
by Venezuela, 6, 45.
Solidarity, inter-American —
Addresses by Mr. Bonsai, 369 ; Mr. Duggan, 8.
Control of sabotage and subversive activities, pur-
pose of Emergency Advisory Committee for
Political Defense, 322.
Defense Board, Inter- American, 260.
Views of Brazilian President, comment of Secretary
Hull regarding, 79.
Trade, inter-American —

Commodities allocated by U.S. to, 274, 393.
Development Commission, establishment of na-
tional commissions under, 68.
American Republics Division of the Department :
Appointment of Philip W. Bonsai as Chief, 252.
Designation of Selden Chapin as an Assistant Chief,

223.
Duties, transfer of certain functions to Cultural Re-
lations Division, 357.
American Whig Cliosophic Society, at Princeton, N.J. :

Address by Mr. Ballantine before, 397.
Americans :
Citizens in Canadian armed forces, agreement provid-
ing for transfer to U.S. armed forces, 244.
Death of Mrs. Lea Burdett in Iran, 385.
In enemy or enemy-occupied territory, aid to, 80, 230 ;

property in, 93.
Italian descent, address by Mr. Acheson on their part

in the war, 510.
Passport and travel requirements —
Seamen, 231, 292, 437, 563.
Verification, 261, 480.
Prisoners of war in the Far East, 92.
Repatriation from —
Europe, 363, 392, 491.
Far East, 522, 536, 553, 563.
Anglo-American Caribbean Commission ; Creation 229.
Anniversaries. See under individual countries.
Appropriations: State Department budget recommen-
dations for 1943, 46.
Aranha, Oswaldo, Brazilian Foreign Minister: Corre-
spondence with Secretary Hull regarding Third
Meeting of Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the
American Republics at Rio de Janeiro, 88.
Arbitration: Peruvian-Ecuadoran boundary settlement,
94, 194, 195.

Argentina (see also American republics) :
Anniversary of independence, messages from Presi-
dent Roosevelt to President Ortiz and Acting
President Castillo, and reply from President
Ortiz, 497, and from Acting President CastiUo,
539.
Former Ambassador to U.S. (Naon), death, 13.
Mixed Commission, establishment with U.S., for study
of operation of trade agreement between the two
countries, 373.
Resignation of President Ortiz, statement by Secretary

Hull, 565.
Torpedoing of tanker "Victoria", U.S. assistance to

crew, 394.
Visa fees, reciprocal waiver, agreement with U.S.
(1942), signature, 441.
Armed forces of the United States :

Agreement with Canada providing for transfer of

U. S. citizens in Canadian armed forces to, 244.
Application of Selective Training and Service Act to

Canadian nationals in the U.S., 315.
Postal concessions by New Zealand to, 404.
Arms and munitions:
Proclamation enumerating, 323.
Regulations governing traffic in, 522.
Art : Chilean exhibition in U.S., message of Acting

Secretary Welles, 262.
Aruba, Curagao, West Indies :
American Vice Consulate, opening, 71.
Defense, U.S. assistance to Netherlands armed forcea
in, 153.
Assets of Netherlands Government : Preservation at

time of German invasion, 241.
Assistant Secretary of State. See Acheson, Dean G. ;
Berle, Adolf A., Jr. ; Long, Breckinridge ; Shaw, G.
Howland ; and tinder State, Department of.
Attorney General of the United States: Transfer of
duties of Secretary of State regarding registration
of agents of foreign principals, 496.
Australasia. See Australia ; New Zealand.
Australia: Minister to U.S. (DLxon), presentation of

credentials, 537.
Aviation training:
Facilities in Cuba for per.sonnel, U.S.-Cuban agree-
ment, 553.
Programs of United Nations in U.S. and Canada,
coordination, 336 ; of United States for students
from other American republics, death of Chilean
student aviator, 326.
Avila Camacho, Manuel, President of Mexico : Telegram
to President Roosevelt regarding agreement on com-
pensation for petroleum properties expropriated in
Mexico, 352.
Axis powers, war with United Nations. See individual
countries; United States, war with Axis powers;
and The War.

INDEX

674c

Babamas : Labor riots at Nassau, 527.
Ballantine, Josepb W., Division of Far Eastern Affairs
of the Department : Address on cultural factors in
the Far Eastern situation, 397.
Banks in American republics : Conference of representa-
tives, 383, 474.
Bases leased from Great Britain in the Western Hemi-
sphere: Remarks of President Roosevelt regarding
reported prolongation of leases, 230.
Belgian Congo : Adherence to international conventions
of 1925 and 1931 on opium and distribution of
narcotic drugs, 178.
Belgium :
Anniversary of German invasion, address by Mr.

Berle, 427.
Mutual-aid agreement with U.S. (1942), text, 551.
Belligerent countries. See United States, War v?ith

Axis powers ; and The War.
Berle, Adolf A., Jr., Assistant Secretary of State:
Addresses, statements, etc., on books in wartime,
434 ; business in the war, 63 ; to Eighth Pan Ameri-
can Child Congress, 406 ; Greek Independence Day,
257; National Farm Institute, 168; second anni-
versary of invasion of Low Countries, 427 ; United
nations and united peoples, 203.
Biddle, Anthony J. Drexel, Jr. : Presentation of creden-
tials as American Ambassador to the Netherlands,
403 ; to Norway, 438.
Blaisdell, Donald C, Assistant Chief. Division of Studies
and Statistics of the Department: Appointment,
223.
Blocked nationals, U.S. proclaimed list of :
In Costa Rica, termination of U.S. - Costa Rlcan

coordination agreement of 1941, 240.
Supplement 7, 67.
Revision I, 154,
Supplement 1, 220;
Supplement 2, 274;
Supplement 3, 337 ;
Supplement 4, 394.
Revision II, 433,
Supplement 1, 492 ;
Supplement 2, 52-2 ;
Supplement 3, 563.
Boal, Pierre de L., American Ambassador to Bolivia:

U.S. Senate confirmation of nomination, 231.
Board of Economic Warfare :
Duties —
Executive order prescribing, 337.
Clarification in relation to State Department, 475.
Bolivia (see also American republics) :
Ambassador to U.S. (Guachalla), presentation of

credentials, 275.
American Ambassador (Boal), U.S. Senate confirma-
tion of nomination, 231.
Legation in U.S. and American Legation in, elevation
to rank of Embassy, 47.

Bolivia — Continued.

Severance of diplomatic relations with Axis powers,

telegram from President Roosevelt, 90.
Standard Oil Co. (New Jersey), agreement on oil
properties and related matters, 172 ; payment by
Bolivian Government, 372.
Treaties, agreements, etc. —
Publications, ofiicial exchange, with U.S. (1942),

signature, 441.
Trade, with U.S., notice of Intention to negotiate,
287.
Bonds, defaulted, of Agricultural Mortgage Bank of
Colombia : Statement by Secretary HuU regard-
ing adjustment, 565.
Bonsai, Philip W., Chief, Division of American Re-
publics of the Department :
Appointment, 252.

Address on inter-American relations, 369.
Books :
Council on Books in Wartime, address by Mr. Berle,

434.
Gift to English Center in Ecuador, 69.
Boundary dispute between Peru and Ecuador, settle-
ment, 94; (text) 195: appointment of U.S. techni-
cal adviser to Demarcation Commission, 496.
Bowers, Claude G., American Ambassador to Chile:
Designation as special representative of President
Roosevelt to attend Inauguration of President of
Chile, 248.
Braden, Spruille, American Ambassador to Cuba: Ad-
dress before Cuban Chamber of Commerce In the
U.S., 319.
Brandt, George L., Executive Assistant to Assistant

Secretary of State: Designation, 377.
Brazil {see also American republics) :
Economic and financial cooperation with U.S., visit

to U.S. of Minister of Finance, 145.
Severance of diplomatic relations with Axis powers,
telegram from President Roosevelt to President
Vargas, 89.
Statement by President Vargas on hemispheric soli-
darity, comment by Secretary Hull regarding, 79.
Third Meeting of Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the
American Republics at Rio de Janeiro, 12, 55, 77,
88, 117.
Treaties, agreements, etc. —
Economic collaboration, with U.S. (1942), discus-
sions, 145 ; conclusion of series of agreements,
205 ; exchange of notes between Finance Min-
ister Souza Costa and Acting Secretary Welles,
206; statements on occasion of signature, by
Dr. Souza Costa, 207 ; by Ambassador Martins,
208; by Acting Secretary Welles, 208.
Naval mission, with U.S. (1942), signature, 481.
Visit to U.S. of eminent comjwser, 83; of educator,
224

574d

DEPARTMENT OP STATE BULLETIN

Brazzaville, French Equatorial Africa : Opening of

American Consulate General, 273.
British Isles. See Great Britain.
British West Indies :
American Consulate at St. Lucia, opening, 33.
Churchill-Roosevelt Highway in Trinidad, 261.
Brown, Courtney C, Assistant Chief, Division of De-
fense Materials of the Department: Appointment,
499.
Budget recommendations for Department of State, 1943,

46.
Bulgaria :

Exchange of diplomats and nationals with U.S., 66.

79, 141, 273, 392.
U.S. declaration of war against, 509-510.
Burdett, Mrs. Lea, wife of Columbia Broadcasting Sys-
tem representative : Death in Iran, 385.

Canada :
Dominion's Victory Loan drive, address by President

Roosevelt in connection with, 163.
Treaties, agreements, etc., with U.S. —
Agricultural arrangements, joint, (1942), texts, 313.
Extradition (1942), signature, 387; U.S. Senate
advice and consent to ratification, 502; ratifi-
cation by U.S., &10.
Halibut fishery of the northern Pacific Ocean and
Bering Sea, preservation (1937), regulations
under, 358.
Military highway to Alaska (1942), text, 237.
Nationals residing; in U.S., application of U.S. Se-
lective Training and Service Act (1942), text,
315.
Taxation, double income (1942), signature, 225;
U.S. Senate advice and consent to ratification,
501 ; ratification by U.S., 541 ; exchange of rat-
ifications and proclamation by U.S. President,
557.
Transfer of U.S. citizens from Canadian to U.S.

armed forces (1942), text, 244.
Unemployment insurance (1942), signature, 376.
Caribbean, Anglo-American Commission and U.S. Ad-
visory Committee: Creation, 229.
Caripito, Venezuela : Opening of American Vice Con-
sulate, 224.
Carr, Wilbur J., former Assistant Secretary of State
and American Minister to Czechoslovakia : Death,
569.
Carter, James G., American Consul General at Tana-
narive, Madagascar: Retirement, 409.
Castillo, Ram6n S., Acting President of Argentina:
Anniversary of independence, reply to message of
President Roosevelt, 539.
Central Translating Office of the Department : Appoint-
ment of Rafael Gim^nez as an Assistant Chief, 377.
Chapin, Selden, Assistant Chief, Division of the Ameri-
can Republics of the Department : Designation, 223.

Child Congress, Eighth Pan American, at Washington,
D.C.:
Addresses by Mr. Long, 405 ; by Mr. Berle, 406.
Organizing Committee, 222.
Personal message of President Roosevelt, 405.
U.S. delegation, 386.
Chile (see also American republics) :
Art exhibition in U.S., message of Acting Secretary

Welles, 262.
European colonies and possessions in the Americas,
Act of Habana concerning provisional adminis-
tration (1940), deposit of instrument of ratifica-
tion, 441.
Inauguration as President of Dr. Juan Antonio Rlos,
designation of American Ambassador Bowers as
special representative of President Roosevelt,
248 ; exchange of messages between President
Rios and President Roosevelt, 275.
Merchant marine, rules governing, note to Acting
Secretary Welles from Chilean Ambassador Ro-
dolfo Michels, 239.
Student pilot in U.S. aviation training program, death,

328.
Visit to U.S. of educator, 70; of critic, 154.
China {see also Far East) :
Financial aid from U.S., message from President

Roosevelt to General Chiang Kai-shek, 142.
Students in the U.S., employment, 328.
Treaties, agreements, etc. —

Finance, with U.S. (1942), text, 264.
Friendship, with Iraq (1942), signature, 249.
Mutual aid, with U.S. (1942), text, 507.
Use of poisonous gases by Japan, warning by Presi-
dent Roosevelt against, 506.
Wood-oil loan of U.S. (1939), repayment, 260.
Christians and Jews, National Conference of: Address

by Mr. Geist before, 466.
Chronology of international events, December 1941 to

April 1942, 428.
Churchill, Winston S., Prime Minister of Great Brit-
ain : Joint statements on conferences with Presi-
dent Roosevelt at Washington, 561.
Churchill-Roosevelt Highway In Trinidad, British West

Indies, 261.
Cissel, T. Ross, Jr., Assistant Chief, Division of Defense
Materials of the Department: Appointment, 358.
Civil service : Rules, amendment excepting certain posi-
tions from examination, 33.
Claims conventions, U.S. and Mexico :
1934, special claims, annual payment by Mexico, 13.
1941, approval by Mexico, 178; ratification by U.S.,
159; payment by Mexico on exchange of ratifica-
tions, 274, 309; proclamation by U.S. President,
330.
Clattenburg, Albert E., Jr., Assistant Chief, Special
Division of the Department: Designation, 310.

INDEX

574e

Coffee agreement, inter-American (1940) : Entry Into

force, 71, 225.
Collection and solicitation of contributions for relief in

belligerent countries. See Belief.
Colombia {see also American republics) :
American Ambassador (Lane), U.S. Senate couflrma-

tlon of nomination, 231.
American Consulate at Ctlcuta, opening, 223.
Defaulted bonds of Agi'icultural Mortgage Bank of
Colombia, adjustment, statement by Secretary
Hull, 565.
Military mission, agreement with U.S. (1942), sig-
nature, 501.
Sinking of schooner "Resolute", statement by Secre-
tary Hull, 562.
Visit to U.S. of editor, 555; of historian, 439.
Columbia Broadcasting System : Inauguration of

"Network of the Americas" program, 473.
Combined Food Board, U.S. and Great Britain:

Creation, 535.
Combined Production and Resources Board, U.S. and

Great Britain: Creation, 535.
Commerce, international (see also American republics,
Trade ; Economics ; Exports from U.S. ; Foreign
trade, U.S.; Imports into U.S.; Treaties, agree-
ments, etc.) :
U.S. and Bolivia, 287.

U.S. and Mexico, lists of products on which U.S.
will consider granting concessions, 280, 328, 374.
Wheat and wheat flour, suspension by U.S. of import
quotas on certain varieties, 358.
Commissions, committees, etc., international {see also
Commissions, committees, etc., national ; Confer-
ences, congresses, etc.) :
Boundary Demarcation Commission, Peru and Ecua-
dor, appointment of U.S. technical advLser, 496.
Caribbean Commission, Anglo-American, 229.
QDnciliation, Permanent International Commission,

U.S. and Liberia, 34.
Defense —

Inter-American Board, 260.
Joint Commission, U.S. and Mexico, 67, 193.
Development Commission, Inter-American, national

commissions under, 68.
Economic Committees, Joint, U.S. and Canada, 313.
Food Board, Combined (British-American), 535.
Mixed Commission (trade), U.S. and Argentina, 373.
Munitions Assignments Board, Combined (British-
American), 87.
Peace commission, international, U.S. and Union of

South Africa, 83.
Political Defense, Inter-American Emergency Advis-
ory Committee for, 322.
Production and Resources Board, Combined, U.S. and
Great Britain, 535.

Commissions, committees, etc., international— Con-
tinued.
Raw Materials Board, Combined (British-American),

87.
Shipping Adjustment Board, Combined (British-
American), 88.
Commissions, committees, etc., national {see also Com-
missions, committees, etc., international; Confer-
ences, congresses, etc.) :
Advisory Mission to India, 209, 230, 260, 433.
Agricultural Mission to Saudi Arabia, 261.
Caribbean Advisory Committee, U.S., 229.
Maritime Labor, Special Interdepartmental Commit-
tee on, 321.
War Relief Agencies, Committee on, 80.
Commodities allocated to other American republics,

274, 393.
Ooncillation treaty, U.S. and Liberia (1939) ,34.
Conferences, congresses, etc., international (see also
Commissions, committees, etc. ; Conferences, con-
gresses, etc., national) :
Agriculture, Second Inter-American Conference, at

Mexico City, Mexico, 568.
Central banks of the American republics, conference

of representatives, 383, 474.
Child Congress, Eighth Pan American, at Washing-
ton, D.C., 222, 386, 405.
Economic and Financial Control Systems, Inter-
American Conference, at Washington, D.C., 567.
Mining Engineering and Geology, First Pan American

Congress at Santiago, Chile, 48.
Police and Judicial Authorities, Inter-American Con-
ference at Buenos Aires, 480.
Third Meeting of Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the
American Republics at Rio de Janeiro, 12, 55, 77,
88, 117.
Conferences, congresses, etc., national {see also Com-
missions, committees, etc. ; Conferences, congresses,
etc., international ; and United States, Congress) :
Foreign Service officers, conference at Mexico City,
408.
Connally, Tom, U.S. Senator: Press-conference re-
marks, comment of Secretary Hull regarding, 79.
Consular and diplomatic personnel, exchange with Axis
countries. See under Foreign diplomatic repre-
sentatives in the U.S.; and United States, Foreign
Service.
Control of persons entering or leaving U.S., 231, 261,

292, 437, 480, 563.
Coordination agreement between U.S. and Costa Rica,

termination, 240.
Corregidor, fall of : Statement by Secretary Hull, 392 ;

message from New Zealand Prime Minister, 392.
Costa Rica (see also American republics) :
American Minister (Scotten), U.S. Senate confirma-
tion of nomination, 231.

574f

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

Costa Rica — Continued.
Treaties, agreements, etc. —
Coordination of trade witli bloclced nationals on
U.S. proclaimed list, with U.S. (1941), termina-
tion, 240.
Highway, Inter-American, construction, with U.S.

(1942), text, 72.
Rubber, with U.S. (1&42), signature, 554.
Visit to U.S. of author and educator, 385.
Council on Books in Wartime: Address by Mr. Berle

before, 434.
Croatia: Adherence to universal postal coBvention

(1939), 528.
Cuba (see also American republics) :
Chamber of Commerce in the U.S., addresses by
American Ambassador Braden, 319; by Under
Secretary Welles, 164.
Development Commission, Inter-American, national

commission under, 68.
Treaties, agreements, etc. —

CofCee, inter-American (1940), deposit of instru-
ment of ratification, 71.
Military coUaboration, with U.S. (1942), signature,

553.
Trade, supplementary, with U.S. (1941), prodama-
Uon by U.S. President, 22.
Visit to U.S. of educator, 555 ; of publisher, 539.
CCcuta, Colombia : Opening of American Consulate, 223.
Cultural factors in the Far Eastern situation : Address

by Mr. Ballantine, 397.
Cultural leaders: Visits to and from U.S. and other
American republics, 70, S3, 94, 154, 224, 247, 308,
374, 375, 385, 439, 530, 555, 565.
Cultural Gelations Division of the Department (see aUo
American republics: Cultural relations):
Appointment of William L. Schurz as an Assistant

Chief, 223.
Transfer of certain duties from American Republics
Division, 357.
Gumming, Hugh S., Jr., Assistant Chief, Division of
European Affairs of the Department : Appointment,
223.
Curagao: Defense, U.S. assistance to Netherlands

armed forces In, 153.
Current Information Division of the Department :
Appointment of Robert T. Pell as Assistant Chief, 70.
Liaison with OflBce of War Information, 666.
Czechoslovakia :

Lend-lease aid to, 44.

Nazi mass-terrorization in, 536.

Dasso, David, Peruvian Minister of Finance and Com-
merce: Exchange of notes with Secretary Hull in-
corporating series of decisions on economic collab-
oration between the two countries, 366.

Declaration by United Nations (1942) :
Text, 3.
Adherence —

By Mexico and the Philippines, addresses by Presi-
dent Roosevelt, 545, and by Under Secretary
Welles, 548 ; correspondence between Secretary
Hull and Mexican Foreign Minister Padilla, 546,
and Philippine President Quezon, 547.
U.S. the depository for statements of, 44.
Declarations of war. See under The War ; and individr

ual countries.
Defense, hemispheric (see also American republics;
United States, War with Axis powers; and The
War) :
Curasao and Aruba, U.S. assistance to Netherlands

armed forces in, 153.
Inter-American Defense Board, 260.
Lease by U.S. of defense sites in Panama, 448.
Mexican -U.S. Defense Commission, Joint, 67, 193.
Sabotage and subversive activities, purpose of Emer-
gency Advisory Committee for Political Defense
to recommend control measures, 322.
Solidarit}-, views of Brazilian President Vargas, com-
ment by Secretary Hull, 79.
Defense Materials Division of the Department : Appoint-
ments as Assistant Chiefs, of Courtney C. Brown,
499 ; T. Ross Cissel, Jr., 358 ; Henry B. Laboulsse,
Jr., 32; Livingston T. Merchant, 358; designation
as an Assistant Chief of Hallett Johnson, 252.
Democratic Action, Union for : Document alleged to be

in State Department files, 480.
Departmental orders. See under Hull, Cordell and

Welles, Sumner.
Development Commission, Inter- American : National

commissions under, 68.
"Digest of International Law", volume III : Publica-
tion, 525.
Diplomatic and consular personnel, exchange with Axis
countries. See Foreign diplomatic representatives
in the U.S. ; and United States, Foreign Service.
Diplomatic officers: Pan American convention (1928),

178.
Diplomatic relations, severances of (table), 338.
Dixon, Sir Owen, Minister of Australia to U.S. : Presen-
tation of credentials, 537.
Dominican Republic (see also American republics) :
American Minister (Warren), U.S. Senate confir-
mation of nomination, 232.
Development Commission, Inter-American, national

commission under, 68.
Nature protection and wildlife preservation in the
Western Hemisphere, convention (1940), ap-
proval, 178 ; deposit of instrument of ratification,

24a

INDEX

Doyle, Albert M., Assistant Chief, American Hemi-
sphere Exports OflSee of the Department : Desig-
nation, 409.

"Drottningholni", S. S. : Voyages to and from Lisbon for
exchange with Axis countries of diplomatic and
consular personnel and nationals of U.S. and other
American republics, 363, 383, 392, 491, 522.

Drugs : International convention of 1925 and 1931, 178.

Duggan, Laurence, Adviser on Political Relations of the
Department : Address on inter-American solidar-
ity, 8.

Duties and other import restrictions proclaimed in
connection with trade agreements, application :
Letter from President Roosevelt to Secretary of
Treasury Morgenthau, 524.

Earthquake in Guayaquil, Ecuador: Death of Ameri-
can Vice Consul Slaughter and wife, 440.
Economics (see also Finance; Lend-lease; Mutual-aid
agreements) :
Address by Mr. Geist, 14.
Agricultural arrangements, joint, U.S. and Canada,

313.
Aid to China, financial and economic, 142, 263 ; to

French North Africa, 318, 337.
Board of Economic Warfare, additional duties, 337;
clarification of functions in relation to State De-
partment, 475.
British-American economic warfare procedures, co-
ordination, 153.
Business in the war, address by Mr. Berle, 63.
Collaboration between U.S. and—
Brazil, 145, 205.
Haiti, 353.
Mexico, 325.
Nicaragua, 368.
Peru, 365.
Cooperation between U.S. and Great Britain in the

Caribbean, 229.
Problem of economic peace after the war, address

by Mr. Pas vol sky, 210.
Raw-materials, munitions-assignments, and ship-
ping-adjustment boards, combined British and
American, 87.
Sugar Act of 1937, suspension of title II (quota pro-
visions), 358.
Systems of Economic and Financial Control, Inter-
American Conference, at Washington, D. C, 567.
Ecuador (see also American republics) :

American Ambassador (Long), U.S. Senate confir-
mation of nomination, 231.
Boundary Demarcation Commission, with Peru, ap-
pointment of U.S. technical adviser, 496.
Earthquake in Guayaquil, death of American Vice

Consul Slaughter and wife, 440.
Gift of books to English Center in, 69.
472772 — 42 2

574g

Ecuador — Continued.

Legation in U.S. and American Legation In, eleva-
tion to rank of Embassy, 47.
Severance of diplomatic relations with Axis powers,

telegram from President Roosevelt, 91.
Treaties, agreements, etc. — ■

Boundary dispute, settlement with Peru (1942),
Approval by Peru, 194.

Resolution of Peruvian Congress, telegram of
transmittal to Acting Secretary Welles, and
reply, 194.
Statement by Secretary Hull, 94; by Acting

Secretary Welles, 194.
Telegrams from President Roosevelt to Presi-
dents of both countries, 94.
Text, 195.
European colonies and possessions in the Americas,
provisional administration (1940), deposit of
instrument of ratification, 51.
Indian Institute, Inter-American (1940), deposit

of instrument of ratification, 110.
Trade, with U.S. (1938), exchange of notes regard-
ing certain provisions relating to customs
charges, 221.
Visit to U.S. of official, 565.
Eden Memorandum of September 10, 1941 : Problems

arising in connection with, 81.
Education : Address by Mr. Hornbeck regarding edu-
cation's part in war and peace, 512.
Egypt : Opening of direct radio-photo service with U.S.,

439.
Eighth Pan American Child Congress, at Washington,

D. C., 222, 386, 405.
El Salvador:
Treaties, agreements, etc. —
Publications, official, exchange with U.S. (1941),

signature, 226.
Red Cross convention (1929), adherence, 233.
Embassy rank for representation between U.S. and—
Bolivia, 47.
Ecuador, 47.
Netherlands, 402.
Norway, 438.
Paraguay, 48.
Employment :
Agreement between U.S. and Canada regarding un-
employment insurance, 376.
Chinese students in the U.S. unable to return home,

328.
Seamen, rules governing as adopted by War Ship-
ping Administrator, 321.
Emergency Advisory Committee for Political Defense,

Inter-American, 322.
Enemy aliens:
Civilians, treatment of, 445.
Regulations governing, 66.

574h

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

Europe, war in. See individual countries; United

States, War with Axis powers; and The War.
European Affairs Division of the Department : Appoint-
ment of Hugh S. Gumming, Jr., as an Assistant
Chief, 223.
European colonies and possessions in the Americas,
provisional administration (1940), Act of Habana,
441; convention, 51, 72, 158, 309, 481.
Exchange of diplomatic and consular personnel with
Axis countries. See under Foreign diplomatic
representatives in the U.S. ; and United States,
Foreign Service.
Executive agreements. See Treaties, agreements, etc.
Executive orders :
Additional duties of Board of Economic Warfare,

337.
Civil Service Rules, amendment excepting certain

positions from examination, 33.
Defense Commis.sion, Joint, U.S. and Mexico, au-
thorizing creation, 193.
Registration of agents of foreign principals, transfer
of duties from Secretary of State to Attorney
General, 496.
Export-Import Bank of Washington : Credit to Brazil
for mobilization of productive resources, agree-
ment, 205.
Exports and Defense Aid Division of the Department :

Abolishment, 556.
Exports from U.S. (see also Commerce, international;
Foreign trade, U.S. ; Imports into U.S. ; Lend-
lease) :
Commodities allocated to other American republics,

274, 393.
To Bolivia, 289.
To Peru (1939-40), 26.
Requirements in wartime, 153.
Expropriated petroleum properties in Mexico : Deter-
mination of compensation for, 12, 178, 351.
Extradition treaties, U.S. and —
Canada (1942), signature, 387; U.S. Senate advice
and consent to ratification, 502 ; ratification by
U.S., 540.
Great Britain (1931), accession on behalf of India,
330.

Far East (see also United States, War with Axis pow-
ers; The War; and individual county-ies) :

Americans in, reports, 7, 44, 66, 79, 91, 92, 143, 154,
192, 209, 323.

Cultural factors in the Far Eastern situation, address
by Mr. Ballantine, 397.

Diplomatic and consular personnel and other na-
tionals in U.S. and other American republics,
exchange for those of U.S. and otlier American
republics in Far East, 536, 553, 563.

French Indochina, arrest by Japanese of American
officers in, 323.

Far Eastern Affairs Division of the Department : Des-
ignation of Laurence E. Salisbury as Assistant
Clilef, 70.
Farm Institute, National, at Des Moines, Iowa: Ad-
dress by Mr. Berle before, 168.
Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America,
National Study Conference of: Address by Mr.
Pasvolsky before, 210.
Fellowships in fishery science : Awards to applicants

from other American republics, 291.
Films, educational: Production in U.S. for exchange

with other American republics, certification, 263.
Final Act of Third Meeting of Ministers of Foreign
Affairs of the American Republics at Rio de Janeiro,
117.
Finance (see also Economics; Lend-lease):

Aid to Americans in enemy or enemy-occupied terri-
tory, 230.
Aid to China, U.S., message from President Roosevelt
to General Chiang Kai-shek, 142; text of agree-
ment (1942), 264.
Assets of Netherlands Government, preservation at

time of German invasion, 241.
Central banks of the American republics, conference

of representatives, 383, 474.
Collaboration agreements, economic and financial,
with U.S., by—
BrazU, 145, 205.
Haiti, 353.
Mexico, 325.
Nicaragua, 368.
Peru, 365.
Defaulted bonds of Agricultural Mortgage Bank of

Colombia, adjustment, 565.
Oil properties and related matters, agreement be-
tween Bolivian Government and Standard Oil
Co. (New Jersey), 172; payment by Bolivian
Government, 372.
Payment by Mexico to U.S. on exchange of ratifica-
tions of claims convention of 1941, 274.
Systems of Economic and Financial Control, Inter-
American Conference, at Washington, D.C., 567.
Taxation convention between U.S. and Canada, 541.
Wood-oil loan of U.S. to China (1939), repayment,
260.
Financial Division of the Department : Designation of

George F. Luthringer as Assistant Chief, 70.
Finland : Hitler's visit to, statement by Secretary Hull,

522.
Fisheries :

Convention for preservation of halibut fishery In
northern Pacific Ocean and Bering Sea, regu-
lations adopted pursuant to, 358.
Fellowships in fishery science, U.S. awards to appli-
cants from other American republics, 291.

INDEX

Flag Day : Address by President Roosevelt, 645.
Food Board, Combined, U.S. and Great Britain, 535.
Foreign Activity Correlation Division of the Depart-
ment : Designation of Frederick B. Lyon as
Assistant Chief, 566.
Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938: Rules and

regulations for the administration of, 5C4.
Foreign diplomatic representatives in the U.S. :
Argentine Ambassador, former (Naon), death, 13.
Bulgarian, exchange for American personnel in

Bulgaria, 66, 79, 141, 273, 392.
German, exchange for American personnel in Ger-
many, 141, 392.
Hungarian, exchange for American personnel in

Hungary, 6, 79, 141, 273, 392.
Italian, exchange for American personnel in Italy,

66, 141, 273, 392.
Japanese, exchange for American personnel in Japan

and the Far East, 7, 142, 273, 392, 536, 553.
Presentation of credentials, 173, 275, 277, 403, 438,

537.
Rumanian, exchange for American personnel iu Ru-
mania, 6, 66, 141, 392.
Foreign Ministers of American lii-publics. Third Meet-
ing, at Rio de Janeiro, 12, 5ij, 77, 88, 117.
Foreign policy, U.S. (see also United States, War with
Axis powers) :
Caribbean area, 229.

Fi-ance and French people, 335 ; Government at Vichy,
189 ; island possessions in the Pacific, 208 ; North
Africa, 318, 337 ; territories in Africa, 273 ; Mada-
gascar, 391 ; Martinique, 391.
Foreign principals, registration of agents of:
Rules and regulations regarding, 564.
Transfer of duties from Secretary of State to Attor-
ney General, 496. /
"Foreign Relations of the United States, 1927", volumes

I, II, and III : Publication, 525.
Foreign Service. See United States, Foreign Service.
Foreign trade, U.S. (see also Commerce, international;
Exports ; Imports ; Lend-lease ; Treaties, agree-
ments, etc.) :
Blocked nationals, proclaimed list of, 67, 154, 220,

274, 337, 394, 433, 492, 522, 563.
Coffee agreement, inter-American (1940), entry into
force, 71; supplementary proclamation by U.S.
President, 225.
Economic warfare procedure, coordination with

British, 153.
Generalization of trade-agreement duties, 524.
Operations of lend-lease program, jjroblems arising
in connection with British White Paper of Sept.
10, 1941, 81.
Statement by Secretary Hull, 478.
With Bolivia, 287.

With Costa Rica, termination of coordination agree-
ment on trade with nationals on U.S. proclaimed
list, 240.

574i

Foreign trade, U.S. — Continued.
With Ecuador, exchange of notes regarding certain

provisions of trade agreement (1938), 221.
With Haiti, exchanges of notes regarding certain pro-
visions of trade agreement (1935), 174, 384.
With Mexico, lists of products on which U.S. will
consider granting concessions to Mexico, 280, 328,
374.
With other American republics, commodities allocated

to, 274, 393.
With Peru, 22-28, 410.
Fox, A. Manuel, death in China: Statement by Secre-
tary Hull, 564.
France :

Economic assistance of U.S. to French North Africa,

318, 337.
Island possessions in the Pacific, statement by Ameri-
can Vice Consul at Noum& on U.S. policy re-
garding, 208.
Madagascar, occupation by the British, 391.
Martinique, developments in, 391.
Policy of U.S. toward, note from Acting Secretary

Welles, 335.
Relations of U.S. with, statement by Acting Secre-
tary Welles, 189.
Territories in Africa, coorieration of U.S. with French

National Committee, 273.
Telecommunication convention (1932), Cairo revi-
sions (1938), approval for French Colonies, 330.
Fraser, Peter, Prime Minister of New Zealand:
Fall of Corregidor, message regarding, 392.
Radiotelegraphic communications with U.S., ex-
change of messages with President Roosevelt on
occasion of opening, 196.
French Equatorial Africa : Opening of American Con-
sulate General at Brazzaville, 273.
French Indochina : American officers in, arrest by

Japanese, 823.
French North Africa : U.S. economic assistance to, 318,

337.
Friendship treaty between China and Iraq (1942),

249.
Frost, Wesley, American Ambassador to Paraguay :
U.S. Senate confirmation of nomination, 231.

Gases, poisonous, warning by President Roosevelt to
Japan on use of, 506.

Geist, Raymond H., Chief, Division of Commercial
Affairs of the Department : Addresses on Germany
and the war, 466; on international economic con-
flict, 14.

Generalization of trade-agi-eement duties: Letter from
President Roosevelt to Secretary of Treasury Mor-
genthau, 524.

Geneva Conventions. See Prisoners of war convention ;
Red Cross convention.

Geology and Mining Engineering, First Pan American
Congress at Santiago, Chile, 48.

574j

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

George II, King of Greece : Visit to U.S., program, 523.
George VI, King of Great Britain : Birthday, message

from President Roosevelt, 539.
Germany :
Address by Mr. Geist, 466.
Exchange of diplomats and nationals with U.S., 141,

392.
Hitler's visit to Finland, statement by Secretary Hull,

522.
Mass-terrorization in Czechoslovakia, statement by

Secretary Hull, 536.
Mexican declaration of war against, 505.
Severance of diplomatic relations by Venezuela with,
6,45.
Glm4nez, Rafael, Assistant Chief, Central Translating

Office of the Department : Appointment, 377.
Great Britain:

Bases leased by U.S. in Western Hemisphere, remarks
of President Roosevelt regarding reported pro-
longation of leases, 230.
Birthday of the King, message from President Roose-
velt, 539.
Boards to deal with raw materials, munitions assign-
ments, and shipping adjustments, joint with U.S.,
87.
Caribbean Commission, Anglo-American, creation, 229.
Economic warfare procedure, coordination with U.S.

procedure, 153.
Food Board. Combined, with U.S., 535.
Occupation of Madagascar by British, 391.
Prime Minister Churchill, joint statements on con-
ferences with President Roosevelt at Washing-
ton, 561.
Production and Resources Board, Combined, with

U.S., 535.
Relief to Greece, joint with U.S., 93, 208.
Treaties, agreements, etc.—

Alliance, with Soviet Union and Iran, (1942), text,

249.
Extradition, with U.S. (1931), accession on behalf

of Iiidia, 330.
Mutual aid, with U.S. (1942), text, 190.
Postal, universal (1939), deposit of instrument of
ratification, and adherence of certain British
dependencies, 110.
White Paper of Sept. 10, 1941, procedure for handling
problems in lend-lease operations arising in con-
nection with, 81.
Greece :

Independence Day, address by Mr. Berle before the

American Friends of Greece, 257.
Relief, joint British-American, 93, 208.
Visit to U.S. of King George II, 523.
"Gripsholm", motorship : Voyage from Europe, 522 ;
to Lourengo Marques for exchange of officials and
nationals of countries in the Far East with the
U.S. and other American republics, 536, 553.

GuachaUa, Dr. Don Luis Fernando, Bolivian Ambassa-
dor to U.S. : Presentation of credentials, 275.

Guani, Alberto, Uruguayan Foreign Minister : Exchange
of correspondence with Acting Secretary Welles
regarding sinking of Uruguayan vessel "Monte-
video", 240.

Guatemala : Visit to U.S. of anthropologist, 154.

Guayaquil, Ecuador : Earthquake in, death of American
Vice Consul Slaughter and wife, 440.

Gufler, Bernard, Assistant Chief, Special Division of
the Department : Designation, 310.

Haakon VII, King of Norway : Letter of credence for

presentation by Mr. Wilhelm von Munthe af Mor-

genstierue as first Norwegian Ambassador to U.S.,

438.

Habana, Act of (1940) , 441.

Hackworth's "Digest of International Law", volume

III : Publication, 525.
Haiti (see also American republics) :
Anniversary of independence, message of President

Roosevelt, 14.
Development Commission, Inter-American, national

commission under, 68.
Treaties, agreements, etc. —
Diplomatic officers (1928), deposit of instrument of

ratification, 178.
Economic collaboration, with U.S. (1942), text of
memorandum covering agreements reached
during visit to U.S. of President Lescot, 353.
Nature protection and wildlife preservation in the
Western Hemisphere (1940), deposit of instru-
ment of ratification, 159; furnishing of partial
list of species for inclusion in Annex, 233.
Trade, with U.S. (1935), exchanges of notes re-
garding certain provisions pertaining to tariff
preferences, 174, 384.
Halibut fishery of the northern Pacific Ocean and Bering
Sea, convention with Canada for preservation
(1937) : Regulations under, 358.
Health: Sanitary convention, international (1926), de-
posit of instrument of ratification by Turkey, 265.
Hicks, Knowlton V., Assistant Chief, Visa Division of

the Department : Designation, 252.
Highways :

Churchill-Roosevelt Highway in Trinidad, 261.
Inter-American, appropriation by U.S. for coopera-
tion in construction, 13 ; construction through
Costa Rica, 72.
Military highway to Alaska, 237.
Historical international events, December 1941 to April

1942,428.
Hitler's visit to Finland, statement by Secretary Hull,
522.

INDEX

574k

Honduras (see also American republics) :
Treaties, agreements, etc. —

European colonies and possessions in the Americas,
provisional administration (1940), deposit of
instrument of ratification, 72.
Visit to U.S. of artist and educator, 247.
Hornbeck, Stanley K., Adviser on Political Relations.

Department of State : Addresses on education, war,

and peace, 512 ; on the war, 452.
Hoyt, Ira Ford, Passport Agent at New York : Death,

498.
Hull, Cordell :
Addresses, statements, etc. —

Adjustment of defaulted bonds of Agricultural
Mortgage Bank of Colombia, 565.

Deaths of A. Manuel Fox, 564 ; of American Min-
ister Resident Knabenshue in Iraq, 147; of
American Vice Consul Slaughter and wife in
Guayaquil, Ecuador, earthquake, 440; of Gen-
eral Iglesias of Peru, 384 ; of the wife of Amer-
ican Ambassador Leahy in France, 375; of
Wilbur J. Carr, 566.

Declaration by United Nations, 4.

Fall of Corregidor, 392.

Hitler's visit to Finland, 522.

Mexican declaration of war against XSermany,
Italy, and Japan, 506.

National Foreign Trade Week, 47S.

Nazi mass-terrorization in Czechoslovakia, 536.

Press-conference remarks of Senator Connally, 79.

Resignation of President Ortiz of Argentina, .565.

Settlement of Peruvian-Ecuadoran boundary dis-
pute, 94.

Sinking of Colombian schooner "Resolute", 562.

Third Meeting of Ministers of Foreign Affairs of
the American Republics at Rio de Janeiro, re-
turn of U.S. delegation, 117.

Views of Brazilian President Vargas on hemi
spheric solidarity, 79.

War, 363, 445.
Correspondence —

Death of American Minister Resident in Iraq, Paul
Knabenshue, with Mrs. Knabenshue, 148.

Death of Sydney Yost Smith, with Mrs. Smith, 499.

Economic collaboration with Peru, with Peruvian
Minister of Finance and Commerce Dasso, 367.

Highway, Inter-American, construction through
Costa Rica, with Costa Rican Minister of
Public Works, 73.

Message of solidarity from Northern Ireland, reply
of appreciation, 45.
Mexican adherence to Declaration by United Na-
tions, with Foreign Minister Padilla, 547.

Mexican declaration of war against Germany,
Italy, and Japan, with Foreign Minister Pad-
illa, 505.

Hull, Cordell — Continued.
Correspondence — Continued.

Mutual-aid agreement with U.S.S.R., wiUi Soviet

Ambassador Litvinoff, 534.
Philippine adherence to Declaration by United Na-
tions, with President Quezon, 547.
Red Cross insignia, prevention of use for com-
mercial purposes, with Representative Bloom,
493.
Severance of diplomatic relations with Axis powers
by Venezuela, message of appreciation to For-
eign Minister Parra Perez, 45.
Soviet Union's successful resistance to Nazi ag-
gression, message of congratulation to People's
Foreign Commissar Molotov, 562.
Third Meeting of Ministers of Foreign Affairs of
the American Republics, with Brazilian For-
eign Minister Aranha, 88.
Departmental orders (see also under Welles, Sum-
ner) —
Abolishment of Division of Exports and Defense
Aid and Division of Studies and Statistics, 556.
Appointment of officers, 32, 70, 377, 499, 527, 566.
Liaison between the Department and the Office of
War Information, 566.
Regulations governing traffic in arms, ammunition,
etc., 522.
Hungary :

Exchange of diplomats and nationals with U.S.,

6, 79, 141, 273, 392.
U.S. declaration of war against, 509-510.
Hurley, Patrick J., American Minister to New Zealand :
U.S. Senate confirmation of nomination, 155.

Iglesias, General TeCfilo, of Peru: Death in Washing-
ton, 384.
Imports into U.S. (see also Commerce, international;
Exports from U.S. ; Foreign trade. U.S. ; Treaties,
agreements, etc.) :
From Bolivia, 291.
From Peru (1939-40), 27.

Suspension of quotas with respect to certain wheat
and wheat flour, 358.
Income taxation, double, convention for avoidance be-
tween U.S. and Canada (1942), 225, 501, 541, 557.
India :

Advisory Mission of U. S. to, 209, 230, 260, 433.
Treaties, agreements, etc. —

Extradition, U.S. and Great Britain (1931), acces-
sion on behalf of India, 330.
Indian Institute, Inter-American, convention provid-
ing (1940), 110, 158, 267.
Indochina. See French Indochina.
Insurance : Decision of U. S. Supreme Court regarding
handling of claims of New York branch of First
Russian Insurance Co., 146.

5741

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

Inter-American Conference on Systems of Economic
and Financial Control, at Washington, D.C., 567.
Inter-American Defense Board, 260.
Inter-American relations. See American republics ; and

individual coun tries.
International commissions, committees, conferences, etc.
See Commissions, committees, etc., international;
Conferences, congresses, etc., international.
International Conferences Division of tlie Department :
Appointment of Clarke L. Willard as an Assistant
Chief, 358.
International Fisheries Commission : Regulations
adopted pursuant to convention for preservation of
the halibut fishery of the northern Pacific Ocean
and Bering Sea, 358.
"International Law, Digest of" : Publication of volume

III, 525.
Iquitos, Peru : Opening of American Vice Consulate,

197.
Iran :

Death of Mrs. Lea Burdett at Tabriz, 385.
Defense vital to U.S., announcement concerning eli-
gibility for lend-lease aid, 383.
Treaty of alliance with United Kingdom and Soviet
Union (1942), text, 249.
Iraq:
American Minister Resident (Knabenshue), death,

147.
Defense vital to U.S., announcement concerning eli-
gibility for lend-lease aid, 383.
Minister to U.S. (Jawdat), presentation of creden-
tials, 403.
Treaty of friendship with China (1942), signature,
249.
Ireland, Northern : Message of solidarity with U.S. from
House of Commons, transmission by British For-
eign Secretary Eden and reply from Secretary Hull,
45.
Itabira mining properties in Brazil : Development, ar-
rangement between U.S. and Brazil regarding, 206.
Italian-American Rally at Washington : Address by Mr.

Acheson, 510.
Italy :
Address by Mr. Acheson, 510.

Court action by Italian Amba.ssador to U.S., sus-
pension during wartime by U.S. Supreme Court,
147.
Exchange of diplomats and nationals with U.S., 66,

141, 273, 892.

Mexican declaration of war against, 505.
Severance of diplomatic relations by Venezuela with,
6, 45.

Japan (see also Far East) :

Alleged killing of nationals in Philippines, 5.
Arrest of American officers in French Indochina, 323.
Exchange of diplomats and nationals with U.S., 7,

142, 273, 392, 536, 553, 563.

Japan — Continued.

Mexican declaration of war against, 505.
Severance of diplomatic relations by Venezuela with,

6,45.
Warning by President Roosevelt regarding use of
poisonous gases, 506.
Jawdat, Ali, Minister of Iraq to U.S. : Presentation of

credentials, 403.
Jidda, Saudi Arabia : Opening of American Legation,

224.
Johnson, HaUett, Assistant Chief, Division of Defense

Materials of the Department : Designation, 252-.
Johnson. Col. Louis, Personal Representative of Presi-
dent Roosevelt in India : Appointment, 260.
Johnston, Felton M., Assistant to Assistant Secretary of

State Long: Appointment, 329.
Joint Economics Committees, Canada - United States:
Recommendations for agricultural arrangements
between the two countries, 313.
Joint Mexican- United States Defense Commission,

67, 193.
Judicial and Police Authorities, Inter-American Con-
ference at Buenos Aires, 480.

Key, David McK., Assistant Liaison Officer in the
Liaison Office, Office of the Under Secretary: Ap-
pointment. 70.

Knabenshue, Paul, American Minister Resident in
Iraq : Death, 147.

Knox, Charles F., Jr., Assistant Chief, American Hem-
isphere Exports Office of the Department: Desig-
nation, 499.

"Kuugsholm", Swedish motorship: Acquisition by U.S.
from Sweden, 7.

Kuppinger, Eldred D., Assistant Chief, Special Divi-
sion of the Department : Designation, 310.

Labor :
Riots at Nassau, 527.

Seamen, employment rules governing, 321.
Unemployment insurance laws of U.S. and Canada,
agreement integrating (1942), 376.
Labouisse, Henry R., Jr., Assistant Chief, Division of
Defense Materials of the Department : Appoint-
ment, 32.
Lane, Arthur Bliss:

American Ambassador to Colombia, U.S. Senate con-
firmation of nomination, 231.
Anniversary of accession of King Peter II of Tugo-
slavia, telegram to, 200.
Latin America. See American republics ; and individual

countries.
Leahy, Mrs. William D., wife of American Ambassador

to France : Death, 375.
Lease-lend. See Lend-lease.

Legal decisions : Supremacy of Federal over State jwlicy
in matter of recognition of foreign government, 146.

INDEX

574m

Legislation (see also United States, Congress), 35, 51,

74, 84, 112, 148, 160, 179, 19!), 224, 234, 253, 267, 310,

331, 359, 377, 388, 440, 482, 502, 541, 558, 573.

Lend-lease (see also Economics; Finance; Mutual aid) :

Aid to Brazil 206 ; Czechoslovakia, 44 ; Iraq and Iran,

383.
Countries declared vital to U.S. defense, list, 243.
Operations, 81, 242, 3G5, 434.
L'Heureux, Herv6 J., Assistant Chief, Visa Division of

the Department : Designation, 252.
Liaison Office in Office of the Under Secretary of State:
Designation of David McK. Key as Assistant Liai-
son Officer in, 70.
Liberia :
Conciliation treaty with U.S. (1939), Permanent In-
ternational Commission under, 34.
Publications, official, agreement for exchange with
U.S. (1942), signature, 248.
Lidice, Czechoslovakia : Reports of demolition by Nazis,

statement by Secretary Hull, 536.
Litvinoff, Maxim, Soviet Ambassador at Washington :
Exchange of correspondence with Secretary Hull
regarding mutual-aid agreement between U.S. and
U.S.S.R., 534.
Long, Boaz, American Ambassador to Ecuador: U.S.

Senate confirmation of nomination, 231.
Long, Breckinridge, Assistant Secretary of State: Ad-
dress before Eighth Pan American Child Congress,
405.
Ix)udon, Dr. Alexander, Netherland Ambassador to the

U.S. : Presentation of credentials, 403.
Luthringer, George P., Assistant Chief. Financial Divi-
sion of the Department : Designation, 70.
Luxembourg : Anniversary of German invasion, address

by Mr. Berle, 427.
Lyon, Frederick B. : Designation as Executive Assistant
to Assistant Secretary Berle and as Assistant Chief
of the Division of Foreign Activity Correlation, 566.

Mackenzie King, W. L., Prime Minister of Canada :
Joint statement with President Roosevelt on coor-
dination of air training programs of United Na-
tions, 336.

MacMurray, John Van Antwerp :
Resignation as American Ambassador to Turkey, 48.
Appointment as Special Assistant to the Secretary of
State, 527.

MacVeagh, Lincoln, American Minister to Union of
South Africa : U.S. Senate confirmation of nomina-
tion, 481.

Madagascar : Occupation by the British, 391.

Manila : Government officials interned in, 472.

Maritime Labor, Special Interdepartmental Committee
on, 321.

Martinique : Developments in, visit of Admiral Hoover
and Mr. Reber, 391.

Martins, Carlos, Brazilian Ambassador to U.S. : State-
ment on occasion of signing of U.S.-Brazilian eco-
nomic agreements, 208.
Mass-terrorization by the Nazis in Czechoslovakia, 536.
McBride, George M. : Appointment as U.S. technical
adviser to boundary experts of Peru and Ecuador,
496.
Memorial Day address by Under Secretary Welles, 485.
Merchant, Livingston T., Assistant Chief, Division of
Defense Materials of the Department: Appoint-
ment. 358.
Merchant marine of Chile: Rules governing, 239.
Mexico {i-re also American republics) :
American Vice Consulate at Salina Cruz, Oaxaca,

opening, 51.
Conference of U.S. Foreign Service officers at Mexico

City, 408.
Declaration of war on Germany, Italy, and Japan —
Exchange of correspondence between Foreign Min-
ister Padilla and Secretary Hull, 505.
Statement by Secretary Hull, 506.
Telegram from President Roosevelt to President
Avila Camacho, 506.
Defense, Joint Commission with U.S., 67, 193.
Development Commission, Inter-American, national

commission under, 68.
Treaties, agreements, etc. —
Claims,
1934, special, with U.S., payment to U.S. under, 13.
1941, approval, 178; ratification by U.S., 159;
payment to U.S. on exchange of ratifica-
tions, 274, 309; proclamation by U.S. Presi-
dent, 330.
Declaration by United Nations (1942), adherence,

546.
Economic collaboration with U.S. (1942), joint
statement by Under Secretary Welles and
Foreign Minister Padilla, 325.
European colonies and possessions in the Americas,
provisional administration (1940), deposit of
instrument of ratification, 309.
Nature protection and wildlife preservation in the
Western Hemisphere (1940), deposit of in-
strument of ratification, 330.
Petroleum properties expropriated in.

Agreement ijroviding for determination of com-
pensation, with U.S. (1941), appointment of
U.S. and Mexican experts to make determi-
nation, 12 ; approval, 178.
Agreement on compensation, with U.S. (1942),
text, 351 ; exchange of telegrams between
President Roosevelt and President Avila
Camacho, 352.
Trade, with U.S., notice of intention to negotiate,
278; lists of products on which U.S. will con-
sider granting concessions, 280, 328, 374.
Visit to U.S. of editor and author, 439.

574n

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

Michels, SeCor Don Rodolfo, Chilean Ambassador to
U.S. : Note to Acting Secretary Welles regarding
rules governing Chilean merchant marine during
wartime, 239.
Mihajlovic, General Draza, of Yugoslavia : Demands
for surrender, recording of protest by Royal Yugo-
slav Government regarding, 364.
Mihanovich, Argentine Navigation Company : Message
of appreciation for U.S. assistance to crew of tor-
pedoed tanker "Victoria", 394.
Mile High Club of Denver, Colo. : Address by Mr.

Stewart before, 489.
Military highway to Alaska, 237.
Military missions, U.S. to — •
Colombia, 501.
Peru, 234.
Military service: Application of Selective Training and
Service Act to Canadian nationals residing in U.S.,
315.
Miller's "Treaties and Other International Acts", vol-
ume 6 : Publication, 569.
Mining Engineering and Geology, First Pan American

Congress at Santiago, Chile, 48.
Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the American Republics,
Third Meeting, at Rio de Janeiro, 12, 55, 77, 88, 117.
Missions, U.S. :

Advisory, to India, 209, 230, 260, 433.
Agricultural, to Saudi Arabia, 261.
Military, to Colombia, 501 ; to Peru, 234.
Naval, to Brazil, 481.

Procedure with regard to dispatch of missions
abroad, 476.
Mixed Commission, U.S. and Argentina : Establishment,

373.
Molotov, v. M., People's Commissar of Foreign Affairs
of the Soviet Union : Conversations with President
Roosevelt regarding the war, 531.
"Montevideo" : Sinking, 240.

Morgenthau, Henry, Jr., Secretary of the Treasury:
Statement issued jointly with Chinese Foreign
Minister- Soong on financial agreement between
U.S. and China, 263.
Munitions. Sec Arms and munitions.
Munitions Assignments Board, Combined (British-
American) : Establishment, 87.
Munthe af Morgenstierne, Wilhelm, Norwegian Am-
bassador to U.S. : Presentation of credentials, 4.38.
Murray, Wallace S., Adviser on Political Relations,

Department of State: Appointment, 252.
Mutual-aid agreements (1942), U.S. and —
Belgium, 551.
China, 507.
Great Britain, 190.
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, 531.

Naon, Dr. Romulo S., former Argentine Ambassador to
U.S. : Death, 13.

Nash, Walter, Minister of New Zealand to U.S. : Pres-
entation of credentials, 173.
Nassau : Labor riots at, 527.
National Conference of Christians and Jews: Address

by Mr. Geist before, 466.
National Dry Goods Association, New York, N.Y. : Ad-
dress by Mr. Berle before, 63.
National Farm Institute, Des Moines, Iowa : Address

by Mr. Berle before, 168.
National Foreign Trade Week: Statement by Secretary

HuU, 478.
Nature protection and wildlife preservation in the
Western Hemisphere, convention (1940), 159, 178,
198, 233, 248, 330, 387.
Naval mission, U.S. to Brazil, 481.
Near East :
Agricultural mission of U.S. to Saudi Arabia, 261.
Radio-photo service between U.S. and Egypt, opening,
439.
Near Eastern All'airs Division of the Department: Ap-
pointment of Paul H. Ailing as Chief, 252.
Nebraska State Bar Association : Address by Mr. Gelst

before, 14.
Netherlands :
Anniversary of German invasion, address by Mr.

Berle, 427.
Defense of Curagao and Aruba, U.S. assistance to

armed forces in, 153.
Embassy rank for representation in U.S., 402.
Preservation of assets at time of German invasion,
memorandum from Netherlands Minister to
Secretary of State, 241.
Netherlands West Indies : American Vice Consulate at

Aruba, Curagao, opening, 71.
"Network of the Americas" radio program : Inaugu-
ration by Columbia Broadcasting System, 473.
New Zealand :

American Minister (Hurley), U.S. Senate confirma-
tion of nomination, 155.
Message from Prime Minister Fraser regarding fall

of Corregidor, 392.
Minister to U.S. (Nash), presentation of credentials,

173.
Po.stal concessions to Allied forces in, 404.
Radiotelegrapliic communications, opening with U.S.,
exchange of messages between President Roose-
velt and Prime Minister Fraser, 196.
Newfoundland :

Adherence to North American regional broadcasting

agreement (1937), 572.
Rescue of personnel from U.S.S. "Truxton" and
U.S.S. "Pollux" by people of St. Lawrence, 193.
Nicaragua (see also American republics) :

American Minister (Stewart), U.S. Senate confirma-
tion of nomination, 232.

INDEX

574o

Nicaragua — Continued.
Treaties, agreements, etc. —

Economic collaboration, with U.S. (1942), 368.
European colonics and possessions in the Americas,
provisional administration (1940), deposit of
instrument of ratification, 481.
Indian Institute, Inter-American (1940), deposit
of instrument of ratification, 267.
Visit to U.S. of educator from, 308.
North American regional broadcasting agreement, 1937 :

Adherence of Newfoundland, 572.
North Carolina, University of : Address by Mr. Horn-
beck under auspices of International Relations
Club, 452.
Norway :

Embassy rank for representation in U.S., 488.
Second anniversary of invasion by Germany, mes-
sage of President Roosevelt to King Haakon
VII, 323.
Notter, Harley A., Assistant Chief, Division of Special
Research of the Department : Designation, 252.

Office of War Information : Liaison with State Depart-
ment, 566.
Opium : International conventions of 1925 and 1931, 178.
Orders. See Departmental orders under Hull, Cordell

and Welles, Sumner ; and Executive orders.
Ortiz, Dr. Roberto M., President of Argentina :

Reply to message of President Roosevelt on Argen-
tine anniversary of independence, 497.
Resignation, statement by Secretary Hull, 565.

Pacific area, war in. See Far East ; The War.
Pacific island possessions of France : Statement on U.S.

policy toward, 208.
Padilla, Dr. Ezequiel, Minister for Foreign Affairs of
Mexico :
Correspondence with Secretary Hull regarding —
Mexican adherence to Declaration by United Na-
tions, 546.
Mexican declaration of war against Axis powers,
505.
Joint statement with Acting Secretary WeUes on
U.S.-Mexican economic collaboration, 325.
Pan America. See American republics.
Pan American Child Congress, Eighth, at Washington,

D.C., 222.
Pan American Congress of Mining Engineering and

Geology, at Santiago, Chile, 48.
Pan American Day : Informal remarks of President

Roosevelt to Pan American Union, 355.
Panama (see also American republics) :
Treaties, agreements, etc. —
Lease of defense sites, with U.S. (1942), text, 448.
Publications, oflBcial, exchange, with U.S. (1941),
signature, 376.
Visit to U.S. of educator, 247.

Paraguay (see also American republics) :
Ambassador to U.S. (Veliizquez), presentation of

credentials, 277.
American Amba.ssador (Frost), U.S. Senate confirma-
tion of nomination, 231.
Anniversary of independence, message of President

Roosevelt, 437.
Legation in U.S. and American Legation in, elevation

to rank of Embassy, 48.
Severance of diplomatic relations with Axis powers,

telegram from President Roosevelt, 91.
Visit to U.S. of Collector of Internal Revenue, 375.
Parra-Perez, Dr. C, Foreign Minister of Venezuela;

Visit to the U.S., 498.
Passports :
Agency at Miami, Fla., establishment, 95.
Agent at New York (Hoyt), death, 498.
American citizens, verification requirements, 261,

480 ; seamen, requirements, 231, 292, 437, 563.
Fees for passport visas, agreement between U.S. and
Argentina for reciprocal waiver, 441.
Pasvolsky, Leo, Special Assistant to the Secretary of
State: Address on the problem of economic peace
after the war, 210,
Peace :
Address by Mr. Hornbeck regarding part of educa-
tion in war and peace, 512.
Economic peace after the war, address by Mr. Pas-
volsky, 210.
Peruvian-Ecuadoran boundary dispute, settlement,

94, 194.
Treaty for advancement of, U.S. and Union of South
Africa (1940), 83.
Pell, Robert T., Assistant Chief, Division of Current
Information of the Department : Appointment, 70.
Peru (see also American republics) :
American Vice Consulate at Iquitos, opening, 197.
Boundary Demarcation Commission, with Ecuador,

appointment of U.S. technical adviser, 496.
Death in Washington of General Iglesias, 384.
Severance of diplomatic relations with Axis powers,

telegram from President Roosevelt, 89.
Treaties, agreements, etc. —

Boundary dispute with Ecuador, settlement (1942),
Approval, 194.

Resolution of Peruvian Congress expressing ap-
preciation, 194.
Statements by Secretary Hull, 94 ; Acting Secre-
tary Welles, 194.
Telegrams from President Roosevelt to Presi-
dents of both countries, 94.
Text, 195.
Economic collaboration, with U.S. (1942), 365.
Military mission, U.S. (1942), signature, 234.
Nature protection and wildlife preservation in the
Western Hemisphere (1940), ratification, 248.

574p

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

Peru — Continued.

Treaties, agreements, etc. — Continued.
Trade, with U.S.,

Notice of intention to negotiate, 22.
Signature (1942), 410.
Visit to U.S. of President Pcado, 356, 384, 395; of
congre.ssman, 374 ; of critic and educator, 94 ;
of engineer, 375.
Peter II, King of Yugoslavia :
Auniversai'y of accession, messages from President
Roosevelt and former American Minister Lane,
260.
Visit to U.S., 554.
Petroleum :
Properties expropriated In Mexico —

1941 agreement providing for determination of
compensation, U.S. and Jlexico, appointment
of U.S. and Mexican experts to make deter-
mination, 12 ; approval by Mexico, 178.

1942 agreement on compensation, U.S. and Mexico,
text, 351 ; exchange of telegrams between
President Roosevelt and President Avila Ca-
macho, 352.

Standard Oil Company (New Jersey), agreement,

172; payment by Bolivian Government, 372.
Wood-Oil Loan of U.S. to China (1939), repayment,
260.
Philippines, Commonwealth of the :
Alleged killing of Japanese nationals in Davao, 5.
Declaration by United Nations (1942), adherence,

547.
Fall of Corregidor, 392.

Radio message of President Roosevelt to people of, 5.
U.S. Government oflScials interned in Manila, 472.
Plitt, Edwin A., Assistant Chief, Special Division of the

Department : Designation, 310.
Poisonous gases, warning by President Roosevelt to

Japan on use of, 506.
Police and Judicial Authorities, Inter-American Con-
ference at Buenos Aires, 480.
Political Defense, Inter-American Emergency Advisory

Committee for, 322.
Political Relations, Adviser on : Appointment of Wal-
lace S. JInrray as, 252.
"Pollux", U.S.S. : Rescue of personnel by people of St.

Lawrence, Newfoundland, 193.
Portugal : Guarantor for exchange on Portuguese terri-
tory of Axis and American diplomats and nationals,
392.
Postal concessions by New Zealand to Allied forces, 404.
Postal convention, universal (1939), 110, 423, 528.
Powers of attorney, protocol on uniformity (1940) :
Ratification, U.S. Senate advice and consent to,
266, by U.S. President, 330, deposit of instrument
by U.S., 422; proclamation by U.S. President, 501.
Prado Ugarteche, Dr. Manuel, President of Peru : Visit

to U.S., 356, 384, 395.
President, U.S. See Roosevelt, Franklin D.

Prisoners of war:
Americans in the Far East, 92.

Convention (1929), adherence of El Salvador, 233;
application of provisions in the present war, 445.
Treatment of, 445.
Proclaimed list of certain blocked nationals :
In Costa Rica, termination of U.S. -Costa Rican

coordination agreement of 1941, 240.
Supplement 7, 67.
Revision I, 154,
Supplement 1, 220 ;
Supplement 2, 274 ;
Supplement 3, 337 ;
Supplement 4, 394.
Revision II, 433,
Supplement 1, 492;
Supplement 2, 522;
Supplement 3. 563.
Proclamations {sec alto Executive orders) :

Alien enemies, additional regulations governing con-
duct in U.S., 66.
Claims convention with Mexico (1941), 330.
Coffee agreement, inter- American (1940), entry into
force, supplementary proclamation declaring, 225.
Enumeration of arms, ammunition, and implements

of war, 323.
European colonies and possessions in the Americas,
convention on provisional administration (1&40),
158.
Indian Institute, Inter-American, convention provid-
ing (1&40), 158. .
Nature protection and wildlife preservation in the

Western Hemisphere, convention (1940), 387.
Powers of attorney, protocol on uniformity (1940),

501.
Sugar Act of 1937, suspension of title II (quota pro-
visions), 358.
Taxation convention with Canada (1942), .557.
Trade agreement, supplementary, with Cuba (19^11),

22.
Wheat and wheat flour, suspension of import quotas
on certain varieties, 358.
Production and Resources Board, Combined, U.S. and

Great Britain, 535.
Property :

American, in enemy or enemy-occupied territory, 93.
Assets of Netherlands Government and nationals,
measures of preservation at time of German inva-
sion, 241.
Petroleum properties expropriated In Mexico, agree-
ments regarding compensation, 12, 178, 351.
Publications (see also Regulations) :

Agreements for exchange of official publications, sig-
nature, between U.S. and —
Bolivia (1942), 441.
El Salvador (1941), 226.
Liberia (1942), 248.
Panama (1941), 376.

INDEX

574q

Publications — Continued.

U.S. Congress, 35, 51, 74, 84, 112, 148, 160, 179, 199,
224, 234, 253, 267, 310, 831, 359, 377, 388, 440, 482,
502, 541, 558, 573.
U.S. Department of State—

"Digest of International Law", volume III, 525.
"Foreign Relations of the United States, 1927",

volumes I, II, and III, .525.
List, 34, 51. 74, 112, 149, 160, 179, 198, 234, 253, 267,
329, 359, 377, 387, 423, 442, 482, 500, 527, 541,
557, 570.
"Treaties and Other International Acts", volume 6,
569.
Other U.S. Government agencies, 51, 84, 112, 149, 160,
179, 329, 423, 500.

Quezon, Dr. Manuel L., President of the Commonwealth
of the Philippines : Exchange of correspondence with
Secretary Hull regarding Philippine adherence to
Declaration by United Nations, 547.

Quotas, import : Suspension with respect to certain wheat
and wheat flour, 358.

Eadiocommunications : "Network of the Americas"
program, inauguration by Columbia Broadcasting
System, 473.
Radio-photo service between U.S. and Egypt: Opening,

439.
Radiotelegraph ic communications with New Zealand:
Opening, exchange of messages between President
Roosevelt and Prime Minister Eraser, 196.
Ravndal, Olaf, Assistant Chief, American Hemisphere
Exports Office of the Department : Appointment,
499.
Raw Materials Board, Combined (British- American) :

Establishment, 87.
Reciprocity Information, Committee for, public notices
regarding trade-agreement negotiations between
U.S. and—
Bolivia, 288.
Mexico, 279, 327, 374.
Peru, 23.
Recognition of foreign governments by U.S. : Supreme
Court decision regarding supremacy of Federal
over State policy in matters of, 146.
Red Cross :

Convention (1929), adherence of El Salvador, 233;
proposed legislation to implement provisions,
492.
Insignia, use for commercial purposes, 492.
Registration of agents of foreign principals:
Rules and regulations regarding, 564.
Transfer of duties from Secretary of State to Attor-
ney General, 496.
Regulations of U.S. Government agencies, 34, 51, 84,
112, 175, 199, 267, 331, 3.59, 377, 423, 437, 495, 522.

Relief :

Coordination of activities by the President's Commit-
tee on War Relief Agencies, 80.
To belligerents, U.S. contributions —
Revision of rules and regulations, 495.
Tabulation of funds, 32, 95, 226, 261, 292, 385, 495,
564.
To Greece, joint British-American, 93, 208.
Repatriation. See under Americans ; and individual

countries.
"Resolute", Colombian schooner: Sinking, 662.
Resources and Production Board, Combined, U.S. and

Great Britain, 535.
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil : Third Meeting of Ministers of
Foreign Affairs of the American Republics, 12,
55, 77, 88, 117.
Rios Morales, Dr. Juan Antonio, President of Chile:
Inauguration, designation of American Ambassa-
dor Bowers as special representative of President
Roosevelt, 248; exchange of messages with Presi-
dent Roosevelt, 275.
Riots at Nassau, 527.

Roosevelt, Franklin D. (see also Executive orders;
Proclamations) :
Addresses, statements, etc. —
Bases leased from Great Britain in the Western
Hemisphere, denial of reported prolongation
of leases, 230.
Canadian Victory Loan drive, 163.
Conferences with Prime Minister Churchill at

Washington, joint statements, 561.
Coordination of air training programs of United
Nations, joint statement with Prime Minister
Mackenzie King, 336.
Filipino people, message to, 5.
Flag Day, adlierence of Mexico and Philippines

to Declaration by United Nations, 545.
Foreign diplomatic representatives, presentation
of credentials, remarks in reply to, 173, 276,
278, 404, 538.
Opening of direct radio-photo service between

U.S. and Egypt, 439.
Pan American Child Congress, Eighth, personal

message to, 405.
Pan American Day, 355.

President Prado of Peru on visit to U.S., welcom-
ing statement to, 395.
The war, address to the Nation, 381.
Warning to Japan regarding the use of poisonous

gases, 506.
Washington's Birthday, 183.
Correspondence —
Anniversaries of independence,
Argentina, with President Ortiz and Acting
President Castillo, 497.

574r

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

Roosevelt, Franklin D. — Continued.
Correspondence — Continued.

Anniversaries of independence — Continued.
Haiti, with President Lescot, 14.
Paraguay, with President Morinigo, 437.

Anniversary of accession of King Peter II of Yugo-
slavia, with King Peter, 260.

Birthday of King George VI of Great Britain, 539.

Credentials for presentation by Mr. Biddle as first
American Ambassador to Norway, 438 ; as first
American Ambassador to the Netherlands,
403.

Financial aid to China, with General Chiang Kai-
shek, 142.

Generalization of trade-agreement duties, with
Secretary of Treasury Morgenthau, 524.

Inauguration of President of Chile, with President
Rlos, 275.

Lend-lease aid to Czechoslovakia, with Leud-Lease
Administrator, 44.

Mexican declaration of war against Germany,
Italy, and Japan, with President Avila
Camacho, 506.

Norway, second anniversary of invasion by Ger-
many, with King Haakon VII, 323.

Petroleum properties expropriated in Mexico,
agreement on compensation, with President
Avila Camacho, 353.

Radiotelegraphic communications with New Zea-
land, with Prime Minister Fraser, 196.

Rescue of personnel of U.S.S. "Truxton" and U.S.S.
"Pollux" by people of St. Lawrence, Newfound-
land, message of appreciation, 193.

Resignation of American Ambassador to Spain
(Weddell), letter of acceptance, ,306.

Settlement of Peruvian-Ecuadoran boundary dis-
pute, telegrams of congratulations to President
of Ecuador and President of Peru, 94.

Severances of diplomatic relations by certain
American republics, messages of appreciation,
to President Peiiaranda of Bolivia, 90; Presi-
dent Vargas of Brazil, 89; President Arroyo
Del Rio of Ecuador, 91 ; President Morinigo of
Paraguay, 91; President Prado of Peru, 89;
President Baldomir of Uruguay, 90; President
Medina Angarita of Venezuela, 45.

Use of Red Cross insignia for commercial pur-
poses, with Senator Van Nuys and Repre-
sentative Bloom, 492.
Messages to Congress —

Annual (Jan. 6), 39.

June 2, recommendation of recognition of state of

war with Bulgaria, Hungary, and Rumania,

509.

Report to Congress on lend-lease operations (March

11, 1942), 242.

Roosevelt-Churchill Highway in Trinidad, British West

Indies, 261.

Roosevelt Fellowship program, 69.
Ruanda-Urundi : Adherence to international conven-
tions of 1925 and 1931 on opium and distribution
of narcotic drugs, 178.
Rubber production :

In the Amazon valley, agreement between U.S. and

Brazil for development, 206.
In Costa Rica, agreement with U.S., for purchase,
554.
Rumania :

Exchange of diplomats and nationals with U.S., 6,

66, 141, 392.
U.S. declaration of war against, 509-510.
Russell, Francis H., Assistant Chief, Division of World
Trade Intelligence of the Department : Appoint-
ment, 358.

Sabotage and subversive activities in Western Hemi-
sphere, control : Purpose of Emergency Advisory
Committee for Political Defense, 322.
St. Lawrence', Newfoundland ; Rescue of personnel
from U.S.S. "Truxton" and U.S.S. "Pollux" by
people of, 193.
St. Lucia, British West Indies: Opening of American

Consulate, 33.
Salina Cruz, Oaxaca, Mexico : Opening of American

Vice Consulate, 51.
Salisbury, Laurence E., Assistant Chief, Far Eastern
Affairs Division of the Department : Designation,
70.
Sanitary convention, international (1928) : Deposit of

instrument of ratification by Turkey, 265.
Saudi Arabia :
Agricultural Mission of U.S. to, 261.
American Legation at Jidda, opening, 224.
Schurz, William L., Assistant Chief, Division of Cultural

Relations of the Department: Appointment, 223.
Scotten, Robert M., American Minister to Costa Rica :

U. S. Senate confirmation of nomination, 231.
Seamen :
American, passport and travel requirements, 231, 292,

437, 563.
Employment rules governing, adoption by War Ship-
ping Administrator, 321.
Secretary of State, U.S. See Hull, Cordell.
Selective Training and Service Act of 1940: Arrange-
ment with Canada regarding application to Cana-
dian nationals residing in the U.S., 315.
.Senate, U.S. See under United States, Congress.
Severances of diplomatic relations (table), 338.
Shipping :
Acquisition by U.S. of Swedish ship "Kungsholm", 7.
Chilean merchant marine, rules governing, 239.
Combined Shipping Adjustment Board, British-Amer-
ican, establishment, 88.
Employment of seamen, rules governing, 321.

INDEX

574s

Shipping — Continued.

Sinking of Colombian schooner "Resolute", state-
ment by Secretary Hull, 562 ; of Uruguayan ves-
sel "Montevideo", 240.
Torpedoing of Argentine tanker "Victoria", U.S. as-
sistance to crew, 394.
Slaughter, John M., Vice Consul at Guayaquil, Ecua-
dor: Death in earthquake, 440.
Smith, Sydney Yost, Principal Administrative Assistant
and Drafting Officer of the Department : Death,
499.
Sobrino, Epifanio J., Chilean student in aviation train-
ing program in U.S. : Death, 326.
Solicitation and collection of contributions for relief in

belligerent countries. See Relief.
Soong, T. v.. Minister for Foreign Affairs of China :
Statement issued jointly with Secretary Morgen-
thau on financial agreement between U.S. and
China, 263.
South Africa, Union of :
American Minister (MacVeagh), U.S. Senate con-
firmation of nomination, 481.
Peace-advancement treaty with U.S. (1940), inter-
national commission under, 83.
South America. See American republics ; amd indi-
vidual countries.
Souza Costa, Dr. Arthur de. Minister of Finance of
Brazil: Economic agreements with U.S., exchange
of notes with Acting Secretary Welles, 206 ; state-
ment on occasion of signature, 207.
Spain: American Ambassador (Weddell), resignation,

306.
Special Division of the Department : Designation of
Edwin A. Plitt, Frederik van den Arend, Bernard
Gufler, Eldred D. Kuppinger, and Albert E. Clat-
tenburg, Jr., as Assistant Chiefs, 310.
Special Interdepartmental Committee on Maritime

Labor, 321.
Special Research Division of the Department : Appoint-
ment as Assistant Chiefs of Charles W. Yost and
Henry J. Wadleigh, 566; designation as an Assist-
ant Chief of Harley A. Notter, 252.
Standard Oil Company (New Jersey) : Agreement with
Bolivia on oil properties and related matters, 172 ;
payment by Bolivian Government, 372.
Standley, William H., American Ambassador to the
Soviet Union : U.S. Senate confirmation of nomina-
tion, 155.
State, Department of (see also Hull, Cordell ; Publi-
cations; United States, Foreign Service) :
American Hemisphere Exports Office, appointment of
Olaf Ravndal and designation of Albert M. Doyle
and Charles F. Knox, Jr., as Assistant Chiefs, 499.
American Republics Division, appointment of Philip
W. Bonsai as Chief, 252 ; designation of Selden
Chapin as an Assistant Chief, 223; transfer of
certain duties to Cultural Relations Division,
357.

State, Department of — Continued.

Assistant Secretaries —

Mr. Berle, designation of Frederick B. Lyon as

Executive Assistant, 566.
Mr. Long, appointment of Felton M. Johnston as
Assistant on legislative matters, 329; des-
ignation of George L. Brandt as Executive
Assistant, 377.

Budget recommendation for 1943, 46.

Central Translating Office, appointment of Rafael
Gim^nez as Assistant Chief, 377.

Cultural Relations Division, appointment of William
L. Schurz as an Assistant Chief, 223; transfer of
certain duties from American Republics Divi-
sion, 357.

Current Information Division, appointment of Rob-
ert T. Pell as Assistant Chief, 70; liaison with
Office of War Information, 566.

Deaths, of Wilbur J. Carr, 566 ; of Ira F. Hoyt, 498 ;
of Sydney Yost Smith, 499.

Defense Materials Division, appointments as As-
sistant Chiefs of Courtney C. Brown, 499 ; T. Ross
Cissel, Jr., 358 ; Henry R. Labouisse, Jr., 32 ; Liv-
ingston T. Merchant, 358 ; designation as an As-
sistant Chief of Hallett Johnson, 252.

Departmental orders, 32, 70, 223, 252, 310, 329, 357,
358, 377, 476, 499, 527, 556, 566.

Dispatch of missions abroad, procedure with regard
to, 476.

Document of Union for Democratic Action alleged to
be in Department files, false assertion regard-
ing, 480.

European Affairs Division, appointment of Hugh S.
Gumming, Jr., as an Assistant Chief, 223.

Exports and Defense Aid Division, abolishment, 556.

Far Eastern Affairs Division, designation of Lau-
rence E. Salisbury as Assistant Chief, 70.

Financial Division, designation of George F. Luth-
ringer as Assistant Chief, 70.

Foreign Activity Correlation Division, designation
of Frederick B. Lyon as Assistant Chief, 566.

International Conferences Division, appointment of
Clarke L. Willard as an Assistant Chief, 358.

Liaison Office in Office of the Under Secretary, des-
ignation of David McK. Key as Assistant Liaison
Officer in, 70.

Near Eastern Affairs Division, appointment of Paul
H. Ailing as Chief, 252.

Passport agency at Miami, Fla., establishment, 95.

Political Relations, Adviser on, appointment of Wal-
lace S. Murray, 252.

Positions affected by amendment to Civil Service
Rules excepting certain iwsitions from exam-
ination, 33.

574t

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

State, Department of — Continued.
Public notices regarding trade-agreement negotiations
with —
Bolivia, 287.
Mexico, 279.
Peru, 22.
Registration of agents of foreign principals, transfer

of duties to Attorney General, 496.
Regulations on entry into and departure from U.S.,

231, 261, 292, 437, 480, 563.
Relations and functions of State Department and
Board of Economic Warfare, clarification, 475.
Special Assistant to the Secretary of State, appoint-
ment of John Van Antwerp MacMurray as, 527.
Special Division, designation as Assistant Chiefs of
Edwin A. Plitt, Prederik van den Arend, Bernard
Gufler, Eldred D. Kuppinger, and Albert E.
Clattenburg, Jr., 310.
Special Research Division, appointment of Charles
W. Yost and Henry J. Wadleigh as Assistant
Chief.s, 566; designation of Harley A. Notter as
an Assistant Chief, 252.
Studies and Statistics Division, appointment of Don-
ald C. Blaisdell as an Assistant Chief, 223;
abolishment of Division, 556.
Visa Division, designation of Howard K. Travers as
Chief, 566; of Knowlton V. Hicks and Herv6 J.
L'Heureux as Assistant Chiefs, 252.
World Trade Intelligence Division, appointment of
Francis H. Russell as an Assistant Chief, 358.
Statements, addresses, etc. See under names of indi-
viduals and specific subjects.
Steinhardt, Laurence A., American Ambassador to
Turkey : U.S. Senate conlirmatiou of nomination,
70.
Stewart, James B., appointed American Minister to
Nicaragua :
Address on Switzerland, 489.
U.S. Senate confirmation of nomination, 232.
Students :
Chilean in U.S. for aviation training, death of stu-
dent pilot, 326.
Chinese in U.S., opportunities for employment for

those unable to return home during war, 328.
Roosevelt Fellowship program for exchanges with
other American republics, 69.
Studies and Statistics Division of the Department :
Appointment of Donald C. Blaisdell as an Assistant

Chief, 223.
Abolishment, 556.
Sugar Act of 1937: Suspension of title II (quota jjro-

visions), 358.
Sweden : Acquisition by U.S. of motorship "Kungs-

hohn", 7.
Switzerland :
Address by former American Consul General at
Ziirich regarding, 489.

Switzerland — Continued.

Guarantor for compliance of various governments
concerned with exchange of Axis and American
diplomats and nationals, 392.

Tabriz, Iran : Death of Mrs. Lea Burdett, wife of Co-
lumbia Broadcasting System representative, 385.
Taxation, double income, convention for avoidance be-
tween U.S. and Canada (1942), signature, 225;
U.S. Senate advice and consent to ratification, 501 ;
ratification by U.S., 541; exchange of ratifications
and proclamation by U.S. President, 557.
Telecommunications :
International convention (1932), Cairo revisions
(1938), approval for French Colonies, 330; by
Turkey, 540.
North American regional broadcasting agreement

(1937), adherence of Newfoundland, 572.
Opening of direct radiotelegraph circuit between
U.S. and New Zealand, 196.
Third Meeting of Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the
American Republics, at Rio de Janeiro:
Addresses by Under Secretary Welles, 55, 77.
Delegation from U.S., list of members, 12; return to

U.S., statement by Secretary Hull, 117.
Exchange of telegrams between President Roosevelt
and Brazilian President Vargas, 89; between
Secretary Hull and Brazilian Foreign Minister
Aranha, 88.
Final Act (text), 117.
Thomson, Charles A., Chief, Division of Cultural Re-
lations of the Department: Address on cultural
exchange in wartime, 29.
Tobar Donoso, Dr. Julio, Minister of Foreign Affairs
of Ecuador : Note to American Minister Long re-
garding certain provisions of trade agreement with
U.S. relating to customs charges, 221.
Trade agreements (see also under Treaties, agreements,

etc.) : Generalization of duties, 524.
Traffic in arms, ammunition, etc. : Regulations govern-
ing, 522.
Travel of seamen : Regulations governing, 231, 292, 437,

563.
Travers, Howard K., Chief, Visa Division of the De-
partment : Designation, 566.
Treaties, agreements, etc., international :

Agriculture, joint arrangements, U.S. and Canada

(1942), texts, 313.
Alliance, United Kingdom and Soviet Union, and

Iran (1942), text, 249.
Boundary dispute, settlement, Peru and Ecuador
(1942) —
Approval by Peru, 194.

Resolution of Peruvian Congress, telegram of
transmittal to Acting Secretary Welles, and
reply, 194.
Statement by Secretary Hull, 94 ; Acting Secretary
WeUes. 194.

INDEX

574u

Treaties, agreements, etc. — Continued.
Boundary dispute, settlement, Peru and Ecuador
(1942)— Continued.
Telegrams from President Roosevelt to Presidents

of both countries, 94.
Text, 195.
Claims, U.S. and Mexico —
1934, special claims, payment to U.S. under, 13.
1941, ratification by U.S., 159; approval by Mexico,
178; payment by Mexico on exchange of rati-
flcatious, 274, 309 ; proclamation by U.S. Presi-
dent, 330.
Coffee, inter-America u (1940), deposit of instrument
of ratification by Cuba and subsequent entry into
force, 71 ; supplementary proclamation by U.S.
President, 225.
Conciliation, U.S. and Liberia (1939), Permanent

International Commission under, 34.
Declaration by United Nations (1942), text, 3; ad-
herences, by Mexico and the Philippines, 546 ;
U.S. as depository for statements of adherence,
44 ; statement by Secretary Hull, 4.
Defense sites, lease of, U.S. and Panama (1942),

text, 448.
Diplomatic officers, Pan American convention (1928),
deposit of instrument of ratiflcation by Haiti,
178.
Economic collaboration, U.S. and —
Brazil (1942),
Discussions, 145.

Signature of series of agreements, 205.
Exchange of notes between Finance Minister
Souza Costa and Acting Secretary Welles,
206.
Statements on occasion of, by Dr. Souza Costa,
207 ; by Ambassador Martins, 208 ; by Act-
ing Secretary Welles, 208.
Haiti (1942), text of omnibus memorandum cov-
ering agreements reached during visit to U.S.
of President Lescot, 353.
Mexico (1942), joint statement by Acting Secretary

Welles and Foreign Minister Padilla, 325.
Nicaragua (1942), conclusion of series of agree-
ments, 36S.
Peru (1942), text, 366.
European colonies and possessions in the Americas,
provisional administration (1940) (see also
infra, Habana, Act of), depo.sit of instruments of
ratification, by Ecuador, 51 ; Honduras, 72 ; Mex-
ico, 309; Nicaragua, 481; Uruguay, 309; procla-
mation by U.S. President, 158.
Extradition, U.S. and —

Canada (1942), signature, 387; U.S. Senate advice
and consent to ratification, 502; ratification
by U.S., 540.

Treaties, agreements, etc. — Continued.

Great Britain (1931), accession on behalf of India,
330.
Final Act of Third Meeting of Ministers of Foreign
Affairs of the American Bepublics (1942), text,
117.
Finance {see also infra, Mutual aid), U.S. and
China (1942) —
Joint statement by Secretary of the Treasury Mor-
genthau and Chinese Foreign Minister Soong,
263.
Text, 264.
Friendship, China and Iraq (1942), signature, 249.
Habana, Act of (1940), deposit of instrument of rat-
ification by Chile, 441.
Halibut fishery of northern Pacific Ocean and Bering
Sea, convention between U.S. and Canada for
preservation (1937), regulations adopted pursu-
ant to, 358.
Highways —

Inter-American, construction through Costa Rica,

U.S. and Costa Rica (1942), text, 72.
Military, to Alaska, U. S. and Canada (1942),
text, 237.
Indian Institute, Inter- American (1940), deposit of
instruments of ratification, by Ecuador, 110;
Nicaragua, 267 ; proclamation by U.S. President,
158.
Military collaboration, U.S. and Cuba (1942), signa-
ture, 553.
Military missions, U.S. to —
Colombia (1942), signature, 501.
Peru (1942), signature, 234.
Mutual aid (1942), U.S. and—
Belgium, text, 551.
China, text, 507.
Great Britain, text, 190.

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, text, 532;
exchange of notes, 534.
Nature protection and wildlife preservation in the
Western Hemisphere (1940) —
Approval by Dominican Republic, 178.
Deposit of instruments of ratification, by Domini-
can Republic, 248; Haiti, 159; Mexico, 330.
Furnishing of partial list of species for inclusion

in the Annex, by Haiti, 233 ; Venezuela, 198.
Proclamation by U.S. President, 387.
Ratification by Peru, 248.
Naval mission, U.S. and Brazil (1942), signature,

481.
Opium (1925) and distribution of narcotic drugs
(1931), notifications of adherence by Belgium
in resjwct of Belgian Congo and Ruanda-Urundi,
178.
Peace advancement, U.S. and Union of South Africa
(1940), international commission under, 83.

574v

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

Treaties, agreements, etc. — Continued.
Petroleum properties expropriated in Mexico —

1941 agreement providing for determination of
compensation, U.S. and Mexico, appointment
of U.S. and Mexican experts to make deter-
mination, 12; approval by Mexico, 178.

1942 agreement on compensation, U.S. and Mexico,
text, 351 : exchange of telegrams between
President Roosevelt and President Avila
Camacho, 352.

Postal, universal (1939) —
Adherence of Croatia, 528.

Deposit of instrument of ratification by Great
Britain, and adherence by certain British
dependencies, 110.
Status change of Venezuela under article IV of
parcel-post agreement (transit charges), 423.
Powers of attorney, protocol on uniformity (1940),
proclamation by U.S. President, 501; ratification
by U.S., 330, U.S. Senate advice and consent to,
266, deposit of instrument of, 422.
Prisoners of war (1929), statement on treatment
by belligerent countries in the present war in
respect to provisions of, 445.
Publications, official exchange, U.S. and —
Bolivia (1942), signature, 441.
El Salvador (1941), signature, 22G.
Liberia (1942), signature, 248.
Panama (1941), signature, 376.
Red Cross (1929), adherence of El Salvador, 233;
proposed U.S. legislation to implement provi-
sions, 492.
Rubber, U.S. and —

Brazil (1942), signature, 206.
Costa Rica (1942), signature, 554.
Sanitary convention, international (1926), deposit
of instrument of ratification, with reservation,
by Turkey, 265.
Selective Training and Service Act, application to
Canadian nationals in the U.S., Canada and U.S.
(1&42), text, 315.
Taxation, double income, U.S. and Canada (1942),
signature, 225: U.S. Senate advice and consent
to ratification, 501 ; ratification by U.S., 541 ; ex-
change of ratifications, 557 ; proclamation by
U.S. President, 557.
Telecommunications —

Cairo revisions (1938) of 1932 convention, ap-
proval by France for French colonies, 330; by
Turkey, 540.
North American regional broadcasting (1937),
adherence of Newfoundland, 572.

Treaties, agreements, etc. — Continued.
Trade, U.S. and—

Argentina (1941), establishment of Mixed Commis-
sion to study operation of agreement, 373.
Bolivia, notice of intention to negotiate, 287.
Costa Rica, coordination of trade with nationals

on proclaimed list (1941), termination, 240.
Cuba, supplementary (1941), proclamation by U.S.

President, 22.
Ecuador (1938), exchange of notes regarding cer-
tain provisions relating to customs charges,
221.
Haiti (1935), exchange of notes regarding certain
provisions pertaining to tariff preferences, 174,
384.
Mexico, notice of intention to negotiate, 278 ; lists
of products on which U.S. will consider grant-
ing concessions, 280, 328, 374.
Other countries, generalization of duties pro-
claimed in connection with, 524.
Peru, intention to negotiate, 22 ; signature of agree-
ment (1942), 410.
Transfer of U.S. citizens from Canadian to U.S.
armed forces, U.S. and Canada (1942), text of
exchange of notes, 244.
Unemployment insurance, U.S. and Canada (1942),

signature, 376.
Visa fees, U.S. and Argentina (1942), signature, 441.
"Treaties and Other International Acts", volume 6:

Publication. 569.
Trinidad, British West Indies: Churchill-Roosevelt

Highway in, 2G1.
"Truxton", U.S.S. : Rescue of personnel by people of

St. Lawrence, Newfoundland, 193.
Turkey :

American Ambassador —

Mr. MacMurray, resignation, 48.
Mr. Steinhardt, U.S. Senate confirmation of nom-
ination, 70.
Treaties, agreements, etc. —

Sanitary convention, international (1926), deposit
of Instrument of ratification with reservation,
265.
Telecommunication (1932), Cairo revisions (1938),
approval, 540.

Under Secretary of State. See Welles, Sumner.
Unemployment insurance laws of U.S. and Canada :

Agreement integrating (1942), 376.
Union for Democratic Action : Document alleged to be

in State Department files, 480.
Union of South Africa :

American Minister (MacVeagh), U.S. Senate con-
firmation of nomination, 481.

INDEX

574w

Union of South Africa — Continued.
Peace-advancement treaty with U.S. (1940), Inter-
national commission under, 83.
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics:
American Ambassador (Standley), U.S. Senate con-
firmation of nomination as, 155.
Conversations on the war effort between People's
Foreign Commissar Molotov and President
Roosevelt, 531.
Recognition of Government by U.S., decision by Su-
preme Court in case involving supremacy of
Federal over State policy In the matter of, 146.
Resistance to Nazi aggression, message of congratu-
lations from Secretary Hull to People's Foreign
Commissar Molotov, 562.
Treaties, agreements, etc. —
AUiaLce, with Great Britain and Iran (1942), test,

249.
JIutual aid, with U.S. (1942), text, 532; exchange
of notes, 534.
United Kingdom. See Great Britain.
United Nations, war with Axis powers. See individual
countries; Declaration by United Nations ; United
States, war with Axis powers; and The War.
United Nations Day: Representatives at White House

on occasion of, 536.
United Nations Rally: Address by Under Secretary

Welles, 548.
United States:
Congrtss (see oZso ■MWffer Publications) —
Letters from President Roosevelt and Secretary
Hull regarding proposed legislation on use of
Red Cross insignia for commercial purposes,
492, 493.
Joint declarations of war against Bulgaria, Ru-
mania, and Hungary, 510.
Messages from the President,
Annual (Jan. 6), 39.

June 2, recommendation of recognition of state
of war with Bulgaria, Hungary, and Ru-
mania, 509.
Report of the President on lend-lease operations

(March 11, 1942), 242.
Senate,
Advice and consent to ratification of extradition
treaty with Canada (1942), 502; powers of
attorney, protocol on uniformity (1940),
266; taxation convention with Canada
(1942), 601.
Confirmation of nominations in the Foreign Serv-
ice, 70, 155, 231, 386, 440, 481.
Economic collaboration with other American repub-
lics. See under American republics and indi-
vidual countries.

United States — Continued.
Foreign Service (see also State, Department of) —
Appointments, 49, 71, 155, 197, 223, 232, 273, 307,

375, 409, 500, 540, 556, 567.
Assignments, 33, 48, 71, 83, 148, 155, 197, 223, 232,
246, 307, 329, 356, 375, 409, 440, 499, 539, 540,
556, 567.
Conference of officers In Mexico City, 408.
Cultural relations officers to missions in other

American republics, 247.
Deaths of officers, 147, 440, 540; of wife of Am-
bassador Leahy, 375.
Embassy, elevation of rank of Legation to status of,
in Bolivia, 47; in Ecuador, 47; in the Nether-
lands, 402; In Norway, 438; In Paraguay, 48.
Examination, 156.

Missions abroad, procedure with regard to dis-
patch of, 476.
Nominations, confirmation, 70, 155, 231, 386, 440,

481.
Opening of.
Consulate General, at Brazzaville, French Equa-
torial Africa, 273.
Consulates, at Clicuta, Colombia, 223 ; St. Lucia,

B.W.I., 33.
Vice Consulates, at Aruba, Curagao, West In-
dies, 71; Carlpito, Venezuela, 224; Iqultos,
Peru, 197 ; Salina Cruz, Oaxaca, Mexico, 51.
Legation, at Jidda, Saudi Arabia, 224.
Personnel,
Diplomatic and consular, exchange for represen-
tatives of Axis countries in U.S., 6, 66, 79,
141, 273, 392, 491, 522, 536, 553.
In the Far East, reports on welfare, 143, 192,

209.
Interned in Manila, 472.
Promotions, 176.
Resignations, 48, 306.
Retirements, 83, 155, 329, 409, 440.
Navy personnel of U.S.S. "Truxton" and U.S.S.
"Pollux", rescue by people of Newfoundland, 193.
Supreme Court —
Decision as to supremacy of Federal over State
policy in matter of recognition of foreign gov-
ernment, 146.
Opinion regarding suspension of lawsuits by enemy
plalntifCs during wartime, 147.
Treaties, agreements, etc., signed Jan. -June 1942
with—
Argentina : Visa fees, reciprocal waiver, 441.
Belgian Government : Mutual aid, 551.
Bolivia: Official publications, exchange, 441.
Brazil :
Economic collaboration, 205.
Naval mission, 481.

574x

DEPAHTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

United States — Continued.
Treaties, agreements, etc. — Continued.
Canada :
Agricultural arrangements, 313.
Application of Selective Training and Service
Act of 1940 to Canadian nationals in the
U.S., 315.
Double income taxation, 225.
Extradition, 387.
Military highway to Alaska, 237.
Transfer of U.S. citizens from Canadian to U.S.

armed forces, 244.
Unemployment insurance, 376.
China :

Financial aid of U.S. to, 264.
Mutual aid, 507.
Colombia : Military mission, 501.
Costa Rica :
Construction of Inter-American Highway, 72.
Rubber, 554.
Cuba : Military collaboration, 553.
Great Britain : Mutual aid, 190.
Haiti: Economic collaboration, 353.
Liberia: Exchange of official publications, 248.
Mexico : Petroleum properties, 351.
Nicaragua : Economic collaboration, 368.
Other American republics : Final Act of Third
Meeting of Foreign Ministers at Rio de Janeiro,
117.
Panama : Lease of defense sites, 448.
Peru:
Economic collaboration, 365.
Military mission from U.S., 234.
Trade, 410.
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics: Mutual aid,

532.
United Nations : Declaration by, 3.
War with Axis powers (see also general heading
' The War) :

Addresses, statements, etc., by Mr. Berle, 168, 203 ;

Mr. Geist, 466; Mr. Hornbeck, 452; Secretary

Hull, 363, 445; President Roosevelt, 163, 183.

381 ; Under Secretary Welles, 164, 485, 548.

Agricultural arrangements with Canada to further

the war effort, 313.
Alien enemies in the U.S., regulations governing

conduct, 66.
Allied supreme commands in sooithwest Pacific

area, 4.
Americans in enemy or enemy-occupied countries.
Aid and protection of property, 80, 93, 230.
Ofiicers in French Indochina, arrest by Japanese,

323.
Prisoners of war in the Far East, 92.
Reports on welfare in the Far East, 7, 44, 66,
79, 91, 143, 154, 192, 209, 323, 472.
Anglo-American Caribbean Commission, 229.

United States — Continued.
War with Axis powers — Continued.

Anniversary of German invasion of the Nether-
lands, Belgium, and Luxembourg, address by
Mr. Berle, 427.
Annual message to Congress by President Roose-
velt, 39.
Application of Selective Training and Service Act

to Canadian nationals in the U.S. 315.
Arms and munitions, proclamation enumerating,

323.
Assistance to Netherlands armed forces in Curagao

and Aruba, 153.
Books in wartime, address by Mr. Berle, 434.
Business during the war, 63.
Canadian armed forces, transfer of U.S. citizens

to U.S. armed forces, 244.
Collaboration with Cuba, 553.
Combined British-American raw materials, muni-
tions, and shipping boards, 87.
Concentration at White Sulphur Springs of Italian,
Rumanian, and Bulgarian officials in the U.S.,
66.
Conferences of President Roosevelt and Prime
Minister Churchill at Washington, Joint state-
ments, 561.
Conversations of President Roosevelt with Soviet

People's Foreign Commissar Molotov, 531.
Cooperation of other countries,

Bolivia, severance of relations with Axis powers,

90.
Brazil, severance of relations with Axis powers,

89.
Ecuador, severance of relations with Axis powers,

91.
Ireland, Northern, message of solidarity from

House of Commons, 45.
Paraguay, severance of relations with Axis

powers, 91.
Peru, severance of relations with Axis powers,

89.
Uruguay, severance of relations with Axis

powers, 89.
Venezuela, severance of relations with Axis
powers, 6, 45.
Corregidor, fall of, statement by Secretary Hull and
message from New Zealand Prime Minister
Fraser, 392.
Declaration by United Nations, text, 3; statement
by Secretary Hull regarding, 4 ; adherence, by
Mexico and the Philippines, 545, U.S. as de-
pository for statements of, 44.
Declarations of war against Bulgaria, Hungary,

and Rumania, 509-510.
Defense sites in Panama, lease by U.S., 448.
Developments in Martinique, 391,

INDEX

574y

United States— Continued.
War with Axis powers — Continued.

Dlspatcli of missions abroad, procedure witli regard

to, 476.
Economic Warfare Board, additional duties, 337;

relations with State Department, 475.
Economic warfare procedure, coordination with

British, 153.
Exchange of diplomatic and consular personnel
and other nationals, with Bulgaria, Germany,
Hungary, Italy, Japan, and Rumania, 6, 79,
141, 273, 363, 392, 491, 522, 536, 553, 563.
Hitler speech, comment by Acting Secretary Welles,

239.
Lend-lease operations, 242, 365, 434.
Military highway to Alaska, agreement with Can-
ada, 237.
Mutual-aid agreements between U.S. and Belgium,
551; China, 507; Great Britain, 190; U.S.S.R.,
631.
Occupation of Madagascar by the British, 391.
Philippines, message of President Roosevelt to

people of, 5.
Poisonous gases, warning to Japan by President

Roosevelt against use of, 506.
Policy toward France and French people, 335.
Postal concessions by New Zealand to U.S. and

Allied forces, 404.
Prisoners of war and civilian enemy aliens, treat-
ment of, 445.
Production and Resources Board and Food Board,

creation with Great Britain, 535.
Relief, coordination of activities, 80; U.S. contri-
butions to belligerents, 32, 95, 226, 261, 292,
385, 405, 564 ; to Greece, 03, 208.
Rubber-production in Costa Rica, agreement with

U.S. for purchase, 554.
Third Meeting of Ministers of Foreign Affairs of
the American Republics at Rio de Janeiro, 12,
55, 77, 88, 117.
Uruguay (see also American republics) :
Educator, visit to U.S., 555
Severance of diplomatic relations with Axis powers,

telegram from President Roosevelt, 90.
Sinking of "Montevideo", exchange of telegrams be-
tween Foreign Minister Guani and Acting Sec-
retary Welles, S40.
Treaties, agreements, etc. —
European colonies and possessions in the Americas,
provisional administration (1940), deposit of
Instrument of ratrfication, 309.
Utah State Agricultural College, Logan, Utah, com-
mencement exercises: Address by Mr. Hombeck,
512.

Van den Arend, Frederik, Assistant Chief, Special Di-
vision of the Department : Designation, 310.

Vargas, Getulio, President of Brazil :

Statement on hemispheric solidarity, conunent by

Secretary Hull regarding, 79.

Telegram to President Roosevelt regarding opening

of Third Meeting of Ministers of Foreign Affairs

of the American Republics at Rio de Janeiro, 89.

Velilzquez, Dr. Don Celso R., Paraguayan Ambassador

to U.S. : Presentation of credentials, 277.
Venezuela (see also American republics) :
American Vice Consulate at Caripito, 224.
Defense of Curagao and Aruba, agreement with Neth-
erlands for cooperation in, 153.
Severance of diplomatic relations with Germany,

Italy, and Japan, 6, 45.
Treaties, agreements, etc. —

Nature protection and wildlife preservation in the
Western Hemisphere (1940), furnishing of
list of species for inclusion in Annex, 198.
Postal, universal (1939), change in status under
article IV of parcel-post agreement (transit
charges), 423.
Visit to U.S. of Foreign Minister, 498.
Vessels. See Shipping.
Vichy Government. See France.
"Victoria", Argentine tanker : Toi-pedolng, message of

appreciation for U.S. assistance to crew, 394.
Visa Division of the Department: Designation of
Howard K. Travers as Chief, 566; of Knowlton
V. Hicks and Herv6 J. L'Heureux as Assistant
Chiefs, 252.
Visa fees, agreement between U.S. and Argentina for
reciprocal waiver (1942), signature, 441.

Wadleigh, Henry J., Assistant Chief, Division of
Special Research of the Department : Appointment,
566.
The War (see also Far East; United States, War with
Axis powers; and individiial countries) :
Addresses, statements, etc., by Mr. Berle, 203; Mr.
Geist, 466; Mr. Hornbeck, 452, 512; Secretary
Hull, 363, 445; President Roosevelt, 163, 183,
381 ; Mr. Stewart, 489 ; Under Secretary Welles,
485, 548.
Agricultural arrangements between U.S. and Canada

to further the war effort, 313.
Aid to China, financial and economic, from U.S., 142,

263.
Air training programs of United Nations, coordi-
nation, 336.
American republics —
Address by Under Secretary Welles before Cuban
Chamber of Commerce in the United States,
164.
Hemispheric solidarity, views of Brazilian Presi-
dent, comment of Secretary Hull regarding,
79.

574z

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

The War — Continued.
American republics — Continued.

Severance of diplomatic relations with Axis powers,
by Bolivia, 90 ; Brazil, 89 ; Ecuador, 91 ; Para-
guay, 91; Peru, 89; Uruguay, 90; Venezuela,
6, 45.
Third Meeting of Foreign Ministers at Kio de
Janeiro, 12, 55, 77, 88, 117.
Anglo-American Caribbean Commission, 229.
Anniversary of German invasion of the Netherlands,
Belgium, and Luxembourg, address by Mr. Berle,
427.
Annual message of President Roosevelt to Congress,

39.
Arrest of American officers in French Indochina

by Japanese, 323.
Books in wartime, address by Mr. Berle, 434.
Canadian armed forces, transfer of U.S. citizens

to U.S. armed forces, 244.
Canadian nationals residing in the U.S., application

of Selective Training and Service Act, 315.
Chilean merchant marine, rules governing, 239.
Chinese students in the U.S., opportunities for em-
ployment, 328.
Chronology of events, December 1941 to April 1942,

428.
Combined British-American raw-material, muni-
tions, and shipping boards, 87.
Conferences of President Roosevelt and Prime Min-
ister Churchill at Washington, joint statements,
561.
Conversations between President Roosevelt and So-
viet People's Foreign Commissar Molotov, 531.
Corregidor, fall of, statement by Secretary Hull and
message from New Zealand Prime Minister Fra-
ser, 392.
Cultural exchange in wartime, address by Mr. Thom-
son, 29.
Declaration by United Nations, text, 3; adherence,
by Mexico and the Philippines, 545, U.S. as de-
pository for statements of, 44.
Declarations of war —
Table, 143.

Mexico against Germany, Italy, and Japan, 505.
U.S. against Bulgaria, Hungary, and Rumania,
609-510.
Defense of Aruba and Curacao, U.S. assistance to

Netherlands armed forces in, 153.
Defense sites in Panama, lease by U.S., 448.
Demands for surrender of General Mihajlovic of
Yugoslavia, recording of protest by Royal Yugo-
slav Government, 364.
Developments in Martinique, 391.
Economics —
Assistance of U.S. to French North Africa, 318,
337.

The War — Continued.
Economics — Continued.
Collaboration to further the war effort, between
U.S. and Brazil, 205; Haiti, 353; Mexico, 325;
Nicaragua, 368; Peru. 365.
Conflict, international, address by Mr. Geist, 14.
Peace after, address by Mr. Pasvolsky, 210.
Warfare procedures, coordination of U.S. and Brit-
ish, 153.
Employment of seamen, rules adopted by War Ship-
ping Administrator, 321.
Exchanges of diplomatic and consular personnel and
other nationals between Axis countries and —
U.S., 6, 66, 79, 141, 273, 363, 392, 491, 522, 536, 553.

563.
Other American republics, 363, 383, 392, 491, 553.
Food Board, Combined, U.S. and Great Britain, 535.
Greece, address by Mr. Berle on occasion of Greek

Independence Day, 257.
Hitler, speech by, comment by Acting Secretary
Welles, 239; visit to Finland, statement by Sec-
retary Hull, 522.
India, industrial resources of. U.S. Advisory Mission

to, 209, 230, 260, 433.
Italy and Italians, address by Mr. Acheson, 510.
Lawsuits in U.S. by enemy plaintiffs, suspension dur-
ing wartime, 147.
Lend-lease —
Aid to Brazil, 206 ; to Czechoslovakia, 44 ; to IraQ

and Iran, 383.
Operations, 81, 242, 865, 434.
Mass-terrorization in Czechoslovakia, 536.
Military collaboration between Cuba and U.S., 553.
Military highway to Alaska, agreement between U.S.

and Canada, 237.
Mutual-aid agreements between U.S. and Belgium,
551; China, 507; Great Britain, 190; Union of
Soviet Socialist Republics, 531.
New Zealand postal concessions to .\llied forces in,

404.
Norway, invasion by Germany, message of President
Roosevelt to King Haakon VII on second anni-
versary, 323.
Occupation of Madagascar by the British, 391.
Pacific area, Allied supreme commands in, 4.
Poisonous gases, warning to Japan by President

Roosevelt against use of, 506.
Prisoners of war and civilian enemy aliens, treat-
ment of, 445.
Production and Resources Board, Combined, U.S. and

Great Britain, 635.
Relief-
Coordination of activities in the U.S., 80.

rNDEX

574aa

The War — Continued.
Belief— Continued.

To belligerents, U.S. coutributlons,
Revision of rules and regulations, 495.
Tabulation of funds, 32, 95, 226, 261, 292, 885,
495, 564.
To Greece, Joint British-American, 93, 208.
Rubber-production In Costa Rica, agreement with

U.S. for purchase, 554.
Severances of diplomatic relations, 338.
Sinking of Colombian schooner "Resolute", statement
by Secretary Hull, 562 ; Uruguayan vessel "Mon-
tevideo", 240.
Soviet Union's successful resistance to Nazi aggres-
sion, congratulations from Secretary Hull, 562.
U.S. policy toward France and French people, 335.
Yugoslavia, anniversary of accession of King Peter
II, 260.
War Information, OflSce of: Liaison with State Depart-
ment, 566.
Warren, Avra M., American Minister to Dominican Re-
public : U.S. Senate confirmation of nomination, 232.
Washington's Birthday : Address by President Roose-
velt on occasion of, 183.
Weddell, Alexander W., American Ambassador to
Spain : Resignation, exchange of correspondence
with President Roosevelt, 30a
Welles, Sumner:
Addresses, statements, etc. —
Cuban Chamber of Commerce in the United States,

164.
Death of former Argentine Ambassador to the U.S.

(Naon), 13.
Economic collaboration with Brazil, statement on
occasion of signing of agreement, 208 ; with
Mexico, joint statement with Foreign Minister
Padilla, 325.
Exhibition of Chilean art, 262.
Hitler speech, comment on, 239.
Memorial Day address, 485.
"Network of the Americas" program, inauguration,

473.
Peruvian-Ecuadoran boundary dispute, settlement,

194.
Relations with French Government, 189.
Third Meeting of Ministers of Foreign Affairs of
the American Republics, 77; opening session,
B5.
United Nations Rally, 548.
Correspondence —
Acknowledgment of recording of protest by Royal
Yugoslav Government regarding demands for
surrender of General Mihajlovic, 364.
Application of Selective Training and Service Act
to Canadian nationals residing in the U.S.,
with Canadian Minister and Charg6 d' Affaires,
315, 31&

Welles, Sumner — Continued.
Correspondence — Continued.
Argentine expression of appreciation for U.S. as-
sistance to crew of torpedoed tanker "Vic-
toria", reply, 394.
Dispatch of missions abroad, procedure regarding,

with various Government agencies, 477.
Economic collaboration agreements with Brazil,
exchange of notes with Brazilian Minister of
Finance Souza Costa, 207.
Peruvian-Ecuadoran boundary dispute, reply to
resolution of appreciation by Peruvian Con-
gress, 194.
Sinking of Uruguayan vessel "Montevideo", with

Foreign Minister Guani, 240.
U.S. policy toward France and French people, 335.
Departmental orders (see also under Hull, Cordell) —
Appointment of officers, 223, 252, 310, 329, 358.
Dispatch of missions abroad, procedure with re-
gard to, 476.
Transfer of certain duties to Cultural Relations
Division, 357.
Wheat and wheat flour: Suspension of import quotas

on, 358.
White Paper, British, of Sept. 10, 1941: Procedure for
handling problems arising in connection with, 81.
Wildlife preservation and nature protection in the
Western Hemisphere, convention (1940), 159, 178,
198, 233, 248, 330, 387.
Wilhelmlna, Queen of the Netherlands: Letter of
credence for presentation by Dr. Loudon as first
Netherlands Ambassador to U.S., 403.
Willard, Clarke L., Assistant Chief, Division of Interna-
tional Conferences of the Department: Appoint-
ment, 358.
Wood-Oil Loan (1939), U.S. to China: Repayment, 260.
World Trade Intelligence Division of the Department :
Appointment of Francis H. Russell as an Assis-
tant Chief, 358.
Wrong, Hume H., Canadian Charge d'Affaires: Note
to Acting Secretary Welles regarding application
of Selective Training and Service Act to Canadian
nationals residing in the U.S., 316.

Yost, Charles W., Assistant Chief, Division of Special
Research of the Department: Appointment, 566.
Yugoslavia :
Anniversary of accession of King Peter 11, messages
to the King from President Roosevelt and former
American Minister Lane, 260.
Demands for surrender of General Mihajlovic,
recording of protest by Royal Yugoslav Govern-
ment regarding, 364.
Visit to U.S. of King Peter U, 554.

9 3-i'3. IfiiO
THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE

BULLETIN

JANUARY 3, 1942
Vol. VI, No. 132— Publication 1676

ontents

The War

Cooperative war effort of the democracies: paca

Joint Declaration by United Nations 3

Statement by the Secretary of State 4

Supreme commands in the southwest Pacific area. . 4

Radio message of the President to the people of the

Philippines 5

Japanese allegations regarding killing of nationals . . 5

Severance of relations by Venezuela with Germany,

Italy, and Japan 6

Protection of officials and nationals of countries at war:
Exchange of diplomatic and consular personnel with

Hungary and Rumania 6

Americans in the Far East 7

Japanese Embassy staff and press correspondents in

the United States 7

Acquisition of Swedish ship Kungsholm 7

American Republics

Foundations of Inter- American Solidarity: Address by

Laurence Duggan 8

Third Meeting of Ministers of Foreign Affau's of the
American RepubUcs at Rio de Janeiro: United

States delegation 12

Compensation for petroleum properties expropriated

in Mexico 12

Payment by Mexico under Special Claims Convention

of 1934 13

[over]

OTlie /li5-CONTINUED

American Republics — Continued page
Death of former Argentine Ambassador to the United

States 13

Inter- American highway 13

Anniversary of Haitian independence 14

Commercial Policy

The International Economic Confiict: Address by

Raymond H. Geist 14

Supplementary trade agreement with Cuba 22

Trade-agreement negotiations with Peru 22

Cultural Relations

The Role of Cultural Exchange in Wartime: Address

by Charles A. Thomson 29

General

Contributions for relief in belligerent countries .... 32

The Department

Appointment of officers 32

Executive order excepting certain positions from Civil

Service Rules 33

The Foreign Service

Personnel changes 33

Treaty Information

Conciliation: Treaty With Liberia 34

Commerce:

Supplementary Trade Agreement With Cuba ... 34

Trade-agreement negotiations with Peru 34

Clauns: Special Convention of 1934 With Mexico . . 34

Publications 34

Regulations 34

Legislation 35

l^'S. SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMf NTS
JAN 28 1942

The War

COOPERATIVE WAR EFFORT OF THE DEMOCRACIES

JOINT DECLARATION BY UNITED NATIONS

[Released to the press by the White House January 2)

Declaration by United Nations:

A Joint Declaration by The United States
of America, The United Kingdom, of
Great Britain and Northern Ireland, The
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics,
China, Australia, Belgium, Canada, Costa
Rica, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Dominican
Republic, El Salvador, Greece, Guatemala,
Haiti, Honduras, India, Luxembourg,
NetherlaTids, New Zealand, Nicaragua,
Norway, Panama, Poland, South Africa,
Yugoslavia.

The Governments signatory hereto,
Having subscribed to a common program of
purposes and principles embodied in the Joint
Declaration of the President of the United
States of America and the Prime Minister of
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Northern Ireland dated August 14, 1941,
known as the Atlantic Charter,^

Being convinced that complete victory over
their enemies is essential to defend life, liberty,
independence and religious freedom, and to
preserve human rights and justice in their own
lands as well as in other lands, and that they
are now engaged in a common struggle against
savage and brutal forces seeking to subjugate
the world. Declare:

(1) Each Government pledges itself to em-
ploy its full resources, military or economic.

against those members of the Tripartite Pact
and its adherents with which such government
is at war.

(2) Each Government pledges itself to co-
ojjerate with the Governments signatory hereto
and not to make a separate armistice or peace
with the enemies.

The foregoing declaration may be adhered
to by other nations which are, or which may
be, rendering material assistance and contri-
butions in the struggle for victory over
Hitlerism.

Done at Washington,
January First, 19Ji2.

The United States of America
by Franklin D Eoosevelt

The United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Northern Ireland
by Winston Churchill

On behalf of the Government of the
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
Maxim Lixvinoff

'Bulletin of August 16, 1941, p. 125.

National Government of the Republic
of China

TSE VUNG SOONG

Minister for Foreign Affairs

The Commonwealth of Australia
by R. G. Casey

The Kingdom of Belgium

by C" R. V. D. Straten
Canada

by Leighton McCarthy

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

The Republic of Costa Rica
by Luis Fernandez

The Republic of Cuba

by AUKELIO F. CONCHESO

Czechoslovak Republic
by V. S. HuRBAN

The Dominican Republic
by J. M. Tegncoso

The Repubhc of El Salvador
by C. A. AxFAKO

The Kingdom of Greece

by CiMON P. DiAMANTOPOULOS

The Republic of Guatemala
by Enbique Lopez-Herbarte

La Republique d'Haiti
par Fernand Dennis

The Republic of Honduras
by Julian R. Caceres

India
GiRjA Shankar Bajpai

The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
by HuGUEs Le Gaixais

The Kingdom of the Netherlands
A. Loudon

Signed on behalf of the Government of the
Dominion of New Zealand
by Frank Langstone

The Republic of Nicaragua
by Leon DeBatle

The Kingdom of Norway
by W. Munthe de !Morgenstierne

The Republic of Panama
by Jaen Guardia

The Republic of Poland
by Jan Ciechanowski

The Union of South Africa
by Ralph W. Close

The Kingdom of Yugoslavia
by Constantin A. Fotitch

STATEMENT BY THE SECRETARY OF STATE

[Released to the press January 2)

The Declaration by the United Nations joins
together, in the greatest common war effort
in history, the purpose and will of 26 free na-
tions, representing the overwhelming majority
of the inhabitants of all 6 continents. This is
a living proof that law-abiding and peace-

loving nations can unite in using the sword
when necessary to preserve liberty and justice
and the fundamental values of mankind.
Against this host we can be sure that the forces
of barbaric savagery and organized wicked-
ness cannot and will not prevail.

SUPREME COMMANDS IN THE SOUTHWEST PACIFIC AREA

[Released to the press by the White House January 3]

1. As a result of proposals put forward by
the United States and British Chiefs of Staff,
and of their recommendations to President
Roosevelt and to the Prime Minister, Mr.
Churchill, it is announced that, with the con-
currence of the Netherlands Government and
of the Dominion Governments concerned, a
system of unified command will be established
in the southwest Pacific area.

2. All the forces in this area — sea, land, and
air — will operate under one Supreme Com-
mander. At the suggestion of the President,
in which all concerned have agreed. General Sir
A. Wavell has been appointed to this command.

3. Major General George H. Brett, Chief of
the Air Corps of the U.S. Army, will be ap-
pointed Deputy Supreme Commander. He is
now in the Far East. Under the direction of
General Wavell, Admiral Thomas C. Hart, U.S.

JANtTAHY 3, 1942

Navy, will assume command of all naval forces
in the area. General Sir Henry Pownall will
be Chief of Staff to General Wavell.

4. General Wavell will assume his command
in the near future.

5. At the same time, His Excellency General-
issimo Chiang Kai-shek has accepted the
Supreme Command over all land and air forces

of the United Nations which are now or may
in the future be operating in the Chinese the-
ater, including initially such portions of Indo-
china and Thailand as may become available to
troops of the United Nations. United States
and British representatives will serve on his
joint headquarters planning staflp.

RADIO MESSAGE OF THE PRESIDENT TO THE PEOPLE OF THE
PHILIPPINES

[Released to the press by the White House December 28]

On December 28 the President sent a message
to the people of the Philippine Islands. It was
broadcast by short-wave radio direct to Manila
where it was re-broadcast and given to the press.
The text of the message follows :

"The People of the Philippines :

"News of your gallant struggle against the
Japanese aggressor has elicited the profound
admiration of every American. As President of
the United States, I know that I speak for all
our people on this solemn occasion.

''The resources of the United States, of the
British Empire, of the Netherlands East Indies,
and of the Chinese Republic have been dedicated
by their people to the utter and complete defeat
of the Japanese war-lords. In this great strug-
gle of the Pacific the loyal Americans of the
Philippine Islands are called upon to play a
crucial role.

''They have played, and they are playing to-
night, their part with the greatest gallantry.

"As President I wish to express to them my
feeling of sincere admiration for the fight they
are now making.

"The people of the United States will never
forget what the people of the Philippine Islands
are doing this day and will do in the days to
come. I give to the peojale of the Philippines
my solemn pledge that their freedom will be
redeemed and their independence established
and protected. The entire resources, in men
and in material, of the United States stand
behind that pledge.

"It is not for me or for the people of this
country to tell you where your duty lies. We
are engaged in a great and common cause. I
count on every Pliilii^pine man, woman, and
child to do his duty. We will do ours."

JAPANESE ALLEGATIONS REGARDING
KILLING OF NATIONALS

[Released to the press December 29]

The Department of State has received
through the Swiss Legation, representing Jap-
anese interests in the Philippines, a communi-
cation from the Japanese Government in which
it protests the alleged killing of 10 Japanese
nationals at the time of the assault by the Jap-
anese forces against the city of Davao on the
Island of Mindanao.

This Government had not previously heard
of the alleged incident and has no reports what-
soever which would substantiate in the slight-
est degree the incident complained of by the
Japanese Government.

For days previous to the delivery of this
note, the Japanese not only had been continuing
their unprovoked aggression against the Phil-
ippine Islands but they had also ruthlessly,
wantonly, and with a complete lack of humanity
bombed the defenseless civilian population of a
declared open city, killed scores of civilians,
and wounded hundreds more.

While the United States would not condone

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

the acts of any of its officials or of any persons
under its authority which contravene accei:)tecl
rules of international law, and will always in-
vestigate complaints and take such proper stejjs
as may be warranted under the facts, the rec-
ord established by Japan over a number of
years and in her recent activities in the Phil-
ippines clearly shows a wholly wanton disre-
gard by Japan of international law and of prin-
ciples of humanity and even of the elemental
rules of decency designed to avoid needless in-
jury to defenseless civilian populations. The
objective of the Japanese in making this pro-
test is clear, that is, to attempt to divert atten-
tion from their iniquities by making accusations
against others.

SEVERANCE OF RELATIONS BY VENE-
ZUELA WITH GERMANY, ITALY, AND
JAPAN

[Released to the press December 31]

The Venezuelan Ambassador called to see the
Under Secretary of State, the Honorable Sum-
ner Welles, on the morning of December 31 and
by instruction of his Government delivered a
note in which the Government of Venezuela
stated that it had that day broken off diplo-
matic relations with Germany, Italy and Japan.

Mr. AVelles replied that this action taken by
the Government of Venezuela was profoundly
appreciated by the United States and was one
more outstanding demonstration of the unfail-
ing solidarity of Venezuela with all of the other
American republics in the taking of all meas-
ures necessary for the defense and security of
this hemisphere.

December 8, 1941 is the correct date for the
declaration of war by Costa Rica against Japan,
and page 599 of the Bulletin of December 27,
1941 should be corrected accordingly.

PROTECTION OF OFFICIALS AND NA-
TIONALS OF COUNTRIES AT WAR

EXCHANGE OF DIPLOMATIC AND CONSULAR
PERSONNEL WITH HUNGARY AND RUMANIA

[Released to the press January 1]

The Department of State has been informed
through the Swiss Government that the Hun-
garian Government accepts proposals of the
American Government concerning exchange of
diplomatic personnel. The Hungarian Govern-
ment proposes to place as soon as possible a spe-
cial train at the disposal of the members of the
American Legation leaving Hungary which will
take them to the Spanish border, the train not
being able to proceed past that point because of
different railway track gauge. In this train
there will be the members of the American
Legation and Consulate in Budapest, their per-
sonnel, and a certain number of persons in-
dicated by the Legation.

The train will also carry effects of official per-
sonnel. The transportation fares of the official
personnel to the Portuguese frontier will be paid
by the Hungarian Government. Persons who
are not officials will be required to pay for their
sleeping accommodations aboard the train and
may carry only hand baggage with them. A
dining-car will be placed at the disposal of the
travelers. The Hungarian Government will ac-
cept the promise of the American Minister to
Hungary, Mr. Herbert C. Pell, that neither he
nor the official personnel coming out of Hun-
gary will leave the European Continent before
the members of the Hungarian diplomatic and
consular missions coming from the United
States shall have arrived in Lisbon.

Regarding this latter fact the American Min-
ister will be informed through the Hungarian
Minister at Lisbon.

The Hungarian Government hopes by the ar-
rangements set forth above to avoid any useless
delay at the Portuguese frontier, in view of the
fact that the exchange of the missions con-
cei-ned will be effected at Lisbon.

JANUARY 3, 1942

Two officials of the Hungarian Ministry of
Foreign Affairs will nccrjnipany this party to
Lishon.

The State Department has also learned
through Swiss official sources that the Ruma-
nian Government accepts in principle the
American Government's proposition relating to
the exchange of diplomats, consuls, and other
official persons and supposes that the American
Government will take care of the necessary
details of arrangement.

AMERICANS IN THE FAR EAST

[Released to the press December 29]

In a telegram dated December 29, 1941 Mr.
Paul P. Steintorf, American Consul at Manila,
reported that the consular premises remained
undamaged and that the entire staff were safe
and well.

dents of Medan were all safe. (Medan was re-
ported by the press to have been bombed on
December 28.)

[Released to the press December 31]

In a telegram dated December 27, 1941 from
Mr. C. E. Gauss, the American Ambassador at
Chungking, it was stated that it had been re-
ported indirectly that Americans remaining in
Hong Kong were unharmed and that they were
being housed in the Hong Kong and Shanghai
Bank Building. The offices of the American
Consulate General at Hong Kong are located in
this building.

Mr. Kenneth S. Patton, the American Consul
General at Singapore, telegraphed on Decem-
ber 30, 1941 that up to that time no American
residents of Malaya had been injured.

[Released to the press December 30]

According to information received in the
Department through the courtesy of the Swiss
authorities, American officials in Shanghai,
Canton, Hankow, Tientsin, and Peiping are
confined to their hotels or to their embassy or
consular compounds and are well treated. It
was indicated that private American nationals
were not being interned and that the general
situation was satisfactory although public utili-
ties were functioning on a restricted basis.
Foreign banks were said to remain open but
withdrawals of American depositors were re-
stricted to 2,000 Chinese dollars (approximately
U.S. $80) per month.

It was reported that the authorities of the
French Concession and the International Settle-
ment at Shanghai were cooperating witli the
Japanese to maintain order and to insure food
supplies and other essentials.

In a telegram dated December 29, 1941 from
Mr. Walter A. Foote, American Consul General
at Batavia, it was stated that American resi-

JAPANESE EMBASSY STAFF AND PRESS CORRE-
SPONDENTS IN THE UNITED STATES

[Released to the press December 29]

The Japanese Embassy staff are being con-
centrated, pending their departure from the
United States, at The Homestead, Hot
Springs, Va.

Japanese correspondents will also be as-
sembled in a few days and concentrated with
the Embassy staff at Hot Springs, Va.

ACQUISITION OF SWEDISH SHIP
"KUNGSnOLM"

[Released to the press January 2]

The American Government has arranged
to acquire the Swedish ship Kungsholm by
purchase from its private owners instead of
exercising the right of angary.

The title to the vessel is now vested in the
United States Maritime Commission.

American Republics

FOUNDATIONS OF mXER-AMERICAN SOLIDARITY
ADDRESS BY LAURENCE DUGGAN '

[Released to the press December 29]

There has been a drastic change in the inter-
national situation since I was requested last
June to address the American Political Science
Association. At that time the American re-
publics were at peace with the i-est of the world.
Today, some are in war, others have broken
off diplomatic relations, and the remaining
have declared their continental solidarity with
those republics now actively combating Axis
aggression.

Even from the point of view of the probable
course of future inter-American relationships,
the original title of my remarks, "Political and
Economic Developments in Inter-American
Relations", is not so far-fetched as might first
appear to be the case. The nature of inter-
American developments during the past eight
years can be considered a gauge of the scope
and content of what may well take place in the
coming years. I say this for the reason that
inter- American relations have been built on
firm bedrock during the last few years. No
matter what wind may blow, no matter what
storm may dash against the shores of the New
World, a foundation of inter-American soli-
darity has been laid so strong that overseas tem-
pests will only lose their force against it. How
fortunate, indeed, for the nations of the New
World that these foundations were laid years
ago on the bedrock of respect for sovereignty
and cooperation for common benefit rather than
on a shifting sand of momentary expediency.

I believe it desirable to underline, at this
juncture when short cuts and quick action are
bywords, that the strength of the inter-Ameri-

' Delivered before the American Political Science
Association, New York. N. Y., December 29, 1941. Mr.
Duggan is Adviser i^n Political Relations, Depai'tment
of State.

can structure results from strict abstinence from
intermeddling or interference in the internal
or external concerns of the other countries. The
adoption and application of this policy by the
United States in 1933 necessitated the relin-
quishment of many "rights" of an intervention-
ist character. The right to intervene in Cuba,
under the Piatt Amendment, and in Panama,
under the Treaty of 1903, were among the rights
given up, to say nothing of the withdrawal of
our Marines from countries to which they had
been sent during the last war. The most pre-
cious asset that the United States now has in
the Western Hemisphere is the confidence and
respect that one man of good-will has in an-
other. This could be lost overnight by a hasty,
ill-considered step of apparent urgent necessity.
The value of this new confidence in the mo-
tives of this country was demonstrated by the
immediate and enthusiastic response to the call
of the President of the United States in 1936
for a special conference for the maintenance
of peace in Buenos Aires. This conference
marked a turning point in inter- American re-
lations. Heretofore, the American republics
had been concerned almost exclusively in ques-
tions concerning relations among themselve,s.
In Buenos Aires, they gave important consid-
eration for the first time to the relations between
the Western Hemisphere and the rest of the
world. It was already evident then that certam
countries, employing specious theories of race,
of culture, of political economy, and of religion,
were becoming a threat to the independence
and security of peace-loving nations every-
where. The American republics at this meeting
proclaimed certain principles for the orderly
and peaceful conduct of nations. They like-
wise agreed to consult together in the face of
a positive menace to the peace of the hemisphere.

JANUARY 3, 1942

As mutual confidence gi'ew, as it became
more and more apparent that the destiny of
the hemisphere depended upon a solidary atti-
tude, the American republics perfected inter-
governmental measures for collaboration. At
Lima in 1938, after the debacle of the Euro-
pean democracies at Munich, the American re-
publics proclaimed their conmion concern and
their determination to make effective their soli-
darity in case the peace, security, or territorial
integrity of any American repiiblic was
threatened.

The considtative procedure was immediately
invoked at the outbreak of war in 1939. An-
other meeting of Foreign Ministers was held
in midsummer of 1940, a few weeks after the
collapse of France had magnified the Nazi
menace to the AVestern Hemispliere. Both
meetings, in record time for international de-
liberations of this character, adopted measures
of the highest importance, utility, and
effectiveness.

Tliose meetings were held during times of
peace between the independent nations of the
New World and those of the Old. Now, an-
other meeting is to be held in Rio de Janeiro,
capital of Brazil, at a time of war — the first
meeting of representatives of all the Ameri-
can republics ever to convene during a period
of inter-continental war in which nations of
the Western Hemisphere were joined.

This meeting, of profound significance for
the future welfare and well-being of every
human being in the New World, will find the
Ajnerican republics united in their continental
solidarity. Wliether they have declared war
on the members of the Tripartite Pact, whether
they have broken off diplomatic relations, or
whether they have extended the rights of a
non-belligerent to the American countries at
war, they have all reaffirmed their solidarity
in accordance with inter- American agreements.
In this connection it is pertinent to recall that
resolution XV adopted at the meeting in
Habana declares tliat any attempt on the part
of a non-American state against the integrity
or inviolability of the territory, the sover-
eignty, or the political independence of an

American state shall be considered as an act
of aggression against all the others. Thus,
the treacherous and unprovoked attack com-
mitted by Japan against the United States,
and the subsequent declarations of war by Ger-
many and Italy, have been recognized by the
American republics as attacks as well against
them. In other words, the members of the
Tripartite Pact have attacked not only the
United States but are regarded by the other
American republics as luiving attacked them
also.

In this situation, the Foreign Ministers of
the American republics are meeting to consider
and determine the measures to be taken with
a view to the preservation of the sovereignty
and territorial integrity of the Ameincan re-
publics as well as to fortifying their economic
solidarity.

It would be inappropriate for me to at-
tempt to speculate upon the measures that
may be adopted. A brief review may be use-
ful, however, of the various kinds of steps
that have been taken by the American repub-
lics since the last meeting of Foreign Minis-
ters in July 1940 in order to cope with the new
problems that have confronted them.

First: Througliout the Americas there has
been a progressively greater public and gov-
ernmental inquirj^ into the extent and scope of
alien activities that endanger the peace and
security of any American republic. As a
result of the knowledge gained by these in-
vestigations, controls of various types have
been adopted. It is fair to assume that the
meeting in Rio will discuss the strengthening
and extension of these controls, particularly
since Axis alien activities today are really
nothing but a part of a vast military opera-
tion.

Second: In the late summer of 1941 the Gov-
ernment of Uruguay approached all the Amer-
ican nations with respect to a proposal to
accord non-belligerent rights to any American
nation resisting overseas aggression. Uru-
guay recalled that it had in fact done this
during World War I when it offered to put
its naval facilities at the disposal of the

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

United States. The reply to the inquiry last
summer was in the overwhelming affirmative,
and it is interesting to obsei've that some of
the countries that questioned the desirability
of raising the issue have now accorded non-
belligerent status to their sister republics at
war with the members of the Tripartite Pact.

Third: The maintenance of adequate ship-
ping has been a principal preoccupation of the
American republics during the last year. The
withdrawal first of many foreign-flag vessels
and later of many ships of United States reg-
istry accentuated the importance of putting
into service in inter-American trade foreign-
registry ships that had taken refuge in the
harbors of the American republics. During
the last year, the Inter-American Financial
and Economic Advisory Committee adopted
a plan that has been accepted by the British
Government for the taking over and opera-
tion of the immobilized ships in this hemi-
sphere. Many of these ships are already in
service. Negotiations with respect to the
others are, in general, well advanced. When
all of these vessels are in operation, a total
of approximately 546 thousand gross tons of
shipping will have been added to the inter-
American carrying trade.

Fourth: The progressive curtailment of
European markets has caused the piling up
of surpluses of some raw materials in the other
American republics. The Inter-American
Committee in Washington gave preferential
consideration to coffee. In more than a dozen
of the other American republics, coffee is
either the principal crop or the second in im-
portance. As the war extended in Europe,
coffee markets became restricted. Stocks piled
up in the coffee-producing countries, prices
sank to new lows, coffee producers were
obliged to cut wages and discharge workers.
The economies of several countries were
stagnating.

In this situation, the Inter-American Com-
mittee formulated a plan that was adopted by
the coffee-producing countries for putting cof-
fee imports into the United States on a quota

basis. The operation of this plan has proved
highly advantageous. An adequate and con-
tinuous supply of coffee has been assured the
consumer in this country at a fair and reason-
able price. Producers are now receiving a
return that enables them to continue produc-
tion. The inter-American coffee arrangement
is one of the most constructive applications of
the good-neighbor policy in the field of trade
and economics, and its importance in salvag-
ing the languishing economies of many coun-
tries will not soon be forgotten in those
countries.

Fifth : The development of the defense pro-
gram of the United States created a heavy
demand for the basic and strategic materials
necessary for the production of implements of
war. This demand has been accentuated by
the outbreak of war in the Pacific. Communi-
cations with some of the most important
sources of supply have been interrupted. The
other American republics are already supplying
an important share of our requirements of
these critical materials. For instance, from our
southern neighbors we have been obtaining a
minimum of 35 percent of our copper require-
ments ; 20 percent of our tungsten requirements ;
25 pei'cent of our zinc requirements; 20 percent
of our lead requirements; and 33 percent of our
antimony requirements. Much of this has been
purchased directly by our Government. There
are, however, many untapped sources of supply
in the other American republics. In order to
furnish the sinews for the defense of the
Western Hemisphere these undeveloped mining
and agricultural possibilities should be de-
veloped cooperatively.

Sixth : Just as the other American republics
are generously making available strategic raw
materials to the United States for fabrication
into the weapons of war, so, in the same meas-
ure, it is incumbent upon us to provide them
with the materials that they need to maintain
their economies in a healthy condition. The
gradual curtailment and now almost complete
elimination of Europe and the Far East as
suppliers of manufactured articles and certain

JANUARY 3, 1942

basic raw matei'ials has left the United States
as practically the only source of supply. Every
effort, consistent with our defense effort, has
been made to furnish the essential import re-
quirements of the American republics. Our
1940 exports to the other American republics
reached an all-time high of $720,776,000.
Nevertheless, there are civilian needs in these
countries that it has been impossible to fill, just
as it has not been jiossible to meet all the civilian
needs of this country. It is the policy of the
Government to treat these civilian needs on an
equal and proportional basis to that accorded
to our own civilian needs.

There have been some voices heard since
December 7 recommending that all our re-
sources be conserved for our own use. These
are the same voices that urge greater production
of raw materials by our neighbors and who re-
quest cooperation from them of many sorts.
The incongruity of asking all and giving
nothing is so apparent to all that scant attention
has been paid to this narrow talk. I mention
it, however, because it serves to bring out that
the defense of the Western Hemisphere is a
cooperative job in which each country must
give as well as receive.

These, then, are some of the questions that
have had the attention of the American repub-
lics during the last year. Since they are all of
equal if not greater importance today, it is a
fair guess that the American republics will be
concerned with them at the forthcoming meet-
ing in Rio and throughout the coming year.

This brief canvass may also have served to
bring out that today the problems of the Amer-
ican Republics are tackled jointly in order to
seek solutions in procedures of a cooperative
character. There is no parallel in history of a
group of nations collaborating together so com-
pletely for the attainment of their principal
national problems. There must be and, of
course, there is a reason for this since similar
efforts have been made elsewhere and failed.
The reason is simply that underneath differences
of language and race, of tradition and political
and economic development, there exists the

same desire for a society in which free men at
peace with one another can live and work and
develop their individual talents in the way they
see fit. This ideal is real and vital and living
in the New World. It is not a new ideal since
the origin is in the civilization of Western
Europe that emerged from the Renaissance.
Large parts of Europe, however, tired from the
struggle for an ideal that requires sacrifice and
mutual accommodation, have slipped back into
forms of society that aim utterly to crush the
freedom of the human spirit. It is because to-
day in the Americas this democratic ideal is
burning brighter than ever that the 21 Ameri-
can republics, with all of their distinctiveness
and difference, are pledged to help one another
in case of aggression from without this hemi-
sphere.

The New World can learn a lesson from the
dark pages of contemporary European history.
Democracy was tossed overboard in many
European countries because it failed to solve
urgent domestic and international questions.
The 20 years after World War I, despite what
appeared on the surface to be recovery, were
years of retrogression. The standard of living
fell, opportunities for the individual became
less and less, and international tension and dif-
ficulties mounted. It was for these reasons that
people began to listen to the will-o'-the-wisp
promises of Fascist dictatorships.

The New World also has problems that go
to the vei'y roots of the social structure. There
are problems of race, of the exploitation of one
man by another, of land and industrial monop-
oly, of disease and malnutrition and intoler-
ance. Until these problems at least are tackled
and solved, democracy will still be to many
millions devoid of content and substance.

Our first duty is to render the hemisphere
impregnable from attack from without. Our
next duty is to render it impregnable to attack
from within by exploitation of social malad-
justments. Only when both duties have been
performed will the destiny of the New World
have been realized.

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BtTLLETIN

THIRD MEETING OF MINISTERS OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF THE AMERICAN
REPUBLICS AT RIO DE JANEIRO

UNITED STATES DELEGATION

The delegation from the United States which
will attend the Meeting on January 15, 1942
is constituted as follows:

Representative of the United States of America:
The Honorable Sumner Welles, Under Secretary of

State

Advisers:

The Honorable Wayne C. Taylor, Under Secretary
of Commerce

Mr. Warren Lee Pierson, President of Export-
Import Bank of Washington; Federal Loan
Agency

Mr. Carl Spaeth, Assistant Coordinator of Inter-
American Affairs and Chief of American Hemi-
sphere Division, Board of Economic Warfare

Dr. Harry D. White, Assistant to the Secretary of
the Ti-easury

Mr. Lawrence M. C. Smith, Chief of Special Defense
Unit, Department of Justice

Mr. Leslie A. Wheeler, Director of Office of Foreign
Agricultural Relations, Department of Agricul-
ture

Mr. William Creighton Peet, Jr., Secretary of the
Maritime Commission

Dr. Emilio G. Collado, Special Assistant to the
Under Secretary of State, Department of State

Dr. Marjorie M. Whiteman, Assistant to the Legal
Adviser, Department of State

Secretary Oeneral:
Dr. Warren Kelchner, Chief of Division of Inter-
national Conferences, Department of State

Secretary to the United States Representative:
Mr. Paul C. Daniels, Assistant Chief of Division of
the American Republics, Department of State

Assistant Adviser:

Mr. Howard J. Trueblood, Divisional Assistant, De-
partment of State

Press Officer:

Mr. Sheldon Thomas, Second Secretary, American
Embassy, Buenos Aires. Argentina

Assistant Press Officer:

Mr. William A. Wieland, Press Relations Officer,
American Embassy, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Assistant to the United States Representative:
Miss Anna L. Clarkson, Assistant to the Under Secre-
tary of State, Department of State

Secretaries:

Mr. Giiillermo Suro, Chief, Central Translating Office,

Department of State
Mr. Philip P. Williams, Third Secretary, American
Embassy, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Assistant Secretaries:

Mr. Edward R. Pierce, Divisional Assistant, Depart-
ment of State
Miss Inez Johnston, Administrative Assistant, De-
partment of State

Assistant to the Secretary General:

Miss Frances E. Pringle, Executive Clerk, Depart-
ment of State

Clerical Staff:
Miss Dorothy F. Berglund
Miss Edelen Fogarty
Mr. Neal E. Kimm
Mrs. Agnes A. La Barr
Mr. H. Spencer May
Miss Gladys E. Schukraft
Miss Amy Margaret Watts

COMPENSATION FOR PETROLEUM PROPERTIES EXPROPRIATED IN MEXICO

[Released to the press December 31]

Conversations directed toward determining
the just compensation to be paid the nationals
of the United States of America whose prop-
erties, rights, or interests in the petroleum in-
dustry in Mexico were affected to their detri-
ment by acts of the Govermnent of Mexico sub-

sequent to March 17, 1938 will begin in Mexico
City on Monday, January 5, 1942, as provided
for in the exchange of notes of November 19,
1941.

Morris Llewellyn Cooke will represent the
United States,^ and Manuel J. Zevada, an en-

' Bulletin of December 20, 1941, p. 563.

JANUARY 3, 1942

gineer, wlio is Under Secretary in the Depart-
ment of National Economy, will represent
Mexico.

The staff accompanying Mr. Cooke to Mexico
includes :

Dr. Harlow S. Person, Consulting Economist, formerly
Dean of the Tuck School of Business Administration
at Dartmouth College; later managing director of
the Taylor Society, editor of Scientific Management
in American Industry, and member of the Mississippi
Valley Committee; at present on the staff of the
Administrator of Rural Elect ritieatiou

O. C. Merrill, Engineer Economist, formerly Executive
Secretary of the Federal Power Commission and
Director of the 1936 World Power Conference

Judson C. Dickerman, Engineer Economist of the Fed-
eral Trade Commission, formerly with the Virginia
Railroad Commission, Chief of the Bureau of Gas,
City of Philadelphia, and -■Associate Director of the
Giant Power Survey, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania

Henry M. Oliver, Junior Economist, with the Division
of Monetary Research, United States Treasury

Mr. Cooke made the following statement :

"Factual studies such as Engineer Zevada and
I are instructed to conduct in this oil valuation
usually yield a large part of the answer even to
complicated technical problems.

"Be<?ause of many different and impelling
considerations, it is highly important both for
our own country and for Mexico, our nearest
neighbor to the South, that this long-standing
question should be promptly settled, and settled
equitably.

"Both my friendly feelings for Mexico and its
people and a keen recognition of the public and
private interests at stake make me eager to co-
operate effectively with my colleague over the
border."

PAYMENT BY MEXICO UNDER SPECIAL
CLAIMS CONVENTION OF 1934

[Released to the press January 2]

The Ambassador of Mexico formally jire-
sented to the Under Secretary of State on Jan-
uary 2 his Government's check for $500,000 in
payment of the eighth annual instalment, due
January 1, 1942, in accordance with article II
of the Convention between the United States

of America and the United Mexican States,
signed at Mexico City on April 24, 1934, pro-
viding for the en-bloc settlement of the claims
presented by the Government of the United
States to the Commission established by the
Special Claims Convention, concluded Septem-
ber 10, 1923.

The Ambassador of Mexico also presented a
check covering interest due under article III
of the convention of April 24, 1934.

The Under Secretary of State requested the
Ambassador of Mexico to convey to his Gov-
ernment an expression of this Government's
appreciation.

DEATH OF FORMER ARGENTINE AM-
BASSADOR TO THE UNITED STATES

[Released to the press December 31]

The Under Secretary of State, the Honorable
Sumner Welles, issued the following statement
on December 31 :

"I have learned with the utmost regret of the
death of Dr. Romulo S. Naon, former Ambas-
sador of the Argentine Republic in Washington.

"I had the privilege of knoM'ing Dr. Naon for
25 years. He rendered very great service in
the promotion of close and friendly relations
between Argentina and the United States. He
was a man of outstanding ability and a states-
man of proved worth. His loss will be felt by
all of us who have worked in the cause of closer
inter-American relations, for his assistance and
wise counsel have been of incalculable value."

INTER-AJVIERICAN HIGHWAY

An act authorizing the appropriation of a
sum not to exceed 20 million dollars to enable
the United States to cooperate with the govern-
ments of the American republics situated in
Central America — that is with the Governments
of the Republics of Costa Rica, El Salvador,
Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Pana-
ma — in the survey and construction of the pro-
posed inter-American highway within the

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BtTLLETEN

borders of those republics, was approved by the
President on December 26, 1941.^

The act provides that "expenditures of such
sums in any such country shall be subject to the
receipt of a request therefor and of satisfactory
assurances from the government of that country
that appropriate commitments have been made
by such government to assume at least one third
of the expenditures proposed to be incurred
henceforth by that country and by the United
States in the survey and construction of such
highway within the borders of such country."
It further provides that "all expenditures by
the United States under the provisions of this
Act for material, equipment, and supplies shall,
whenever practicable, be made for products of
the United States or of the country in which
such survey or construction work is being
carried on."

Keasons for direct United States participa-
tion in the highway construction, together with
a short resume of the history of the inter-
American highway project since 1923 when the
first steps toward cooperative action were taken,
appear in the BuUetin of May 10, 1941, page 557.

ANNIVERSARY OF HAITIAN
INDEPENDENCE

[Released to the press January 1]

The text of a telegram from the President
of the United States to the President of Haiti,
His Excellency Elie Lescot, follows :

"Januabt 1, 1942.

"On this anniversary of Haitian independ-
ence, I am glad to extend to Your Excellency
and to the Haitian people, who have without
hesitation pledged themselves under your lead-
ership to the cause of liberty and civilization,
my most hearty good wishes and sincere
congratulations.

"Your repeated demonstrations of the inten-
tion of the Government and people of Haiti
to take an active part in the struggle in which
the free nations of the world are now engaged
has been most heartening to me and to the
people of the United States.

Franklin D Roosevelt"

Commercial Policy

THE INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC CONFLICT
ADDRESS BY RAYMOND H. GEIST '

[Released to the press December 30]

Mr. President and Members of the Nebraska
State Bar Association:
Wlren I accepted your invitation to address
this gathering the horrors of war, which had
been steadily spreading throughout the world,
had not yet engulfed our own country. The
convulsions which now threaten the whole of
mankind had their origins in causes which ex-
isted years ago, of which those of an economic
nature were not the least in importance. Wlien

the totalitarian leaders, with their vast program
of aggression and depredation, made their ap-
pearance, they succeeded in accomplishing the
first steps of their rise to power under the guise
of legal forms and processes, which at once
deceived millions of those destined to be their
victims. Chief among these victims were the
fellow citizens who allowed their unscrupulous
leaders to gain the mastery of the state; and

' Public Law 375, 77th Cong.

' Delivered at the annual dinner of the Nebraska
State Bar Association, Lincoln, Nebr., December 29,
1941. Mr. Geist is Chief of the Division of Commercial
Affairs, Department of State.

JANUARY 3, 194 2

now the rest of the world is engaged in a gigan-
tic struggle to overcome the destructive forces
which have become the common enemy of
mankind.

It will remain for the historians and the psy-
chologists of the future to penetrate the cryptic
insidiousness which motivated a small group of
political instigators to impel nations and vast
armaments of men to hurl themselves against
the peace and freedom of their neighbors. We
Americans also witnessed those first tiltings in
the arenas nearly 20 years ago, when liberty, in
the very cradle of western civilization, was over-
thrown in the first Fascist state. Likewise we
were present when the bloody and devouring
specter of war first appeared above the horizons
of Europe and Asia. We have heard the rum-
blings and have seen the destruction of war
slowly approaching our own shores. For a
whole decade the security and well-being of
mankind has been increasingly threatened, and
during the last three years, blow after blow
has been struck, destroying one nation after
another. At last with a tremendously powerful
dagger-thrust in the back, an unsuccessful at-
tempt was made to lay us low. We were not
confronted by an adversary who challenged us
openly to battle but waylaid by a cowardly as-
sassin who struck in the dark. In this the role
of the assailant was true to form; for the as-
sassin is always hired to level the blow which
the instigators are too fearful to attempt them-
selves. It is now our task to punish the assassin
and bring the instigators to their certain end.

It is not my purpose to go into the political
phases of the present conflict, which assuredly
present aspects which transcend all others, but
to stress rather the economic measures which
have been invoked in the totalitarian cause, and
over against these to emphasize those concep-
tions of economic justice to which we are com-
mitted, and for the ultimate triumph of which
we have been forced to take up arms.

No economic justice can prevail in a world
in which the enlightened principles, which gov-
ern the conduct of nations, are overthrown and
obliterated from the face of the earth. Men
must be free to be just ! If the great mass of

human beings, which compose the various na-
tions, are enthralled under arbitrary authority,
only injustice and exploitation can be the fate
of the victims, while the masters sink deeper
in cruelty and crime. Above all, the freedom of
the individual must be preserved if the body
politic of any nation is to be healthy and if
that nation is to be a cooperative member of
the family of nations. Only such a nation will
uphold the principle of the inviolability of ter-
ritorial integrity and respect the sovei'eignty of
other states. Only such a nation will be gov-
erned by the principle of non-interference in
the internal affairs of other countries. Only a
nation of free men will voluntarily respect the
principle of equality among states, including
equality of commercial opportunity and treat-
ment. Such men will rely upon international
cooperation and subscribe to methods of con-
ciliation in adjusting international disputes.
They will desire pacific settlements of contro-
versies and strive for the improvement of in-
ternational conditions by peaceful methods and
processes.

The political status of freedom which men
and states enjoy is the primary safeguard of
their material as well as their spiritual well-
being.

The struggle which the despot waged to en-
thrall, first of all his own fellow citizens, and
then the men and women of other countries
had the direct object of seizing their material
wealth, the fruits of their toil, and the inherit-
ances they created for their children. The
record of this systematic plundering on the
part of the totalitarian rulers is one of the
most gloomy and sinister chapters in modern
history. An examination of this process is
important, for its authors and adherents do
not acknowledge their acts to be plundering
and robbery but claim that it is a new order
of economy upon which general contentment
and world peace will be based.

The authors of this new economy with their
lust for confiscation and repression seized at
once the productive capacity of the nation. In
those European states where the totalitarian
masters got control, the great mass of artisans

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

and workers of all trades and skill were placed
under the most severe yoke of bondage. The
leaders of the trade unions were arrested, and
their organizations were dissolved and forbid-
den. Their property was confiscated. Their
funds were seized. They were forbidden to
think any longer as free men who had a right
to raise their voices in defense of their own in-
terests. It was their allotted task to obey the
commands which those placed over them saw
fit to enforce. It was, however, not enough to
rob men of their freedom and to reduce them
to the status of robots. They were paraded in
the marketplaces under slogans and banners,
which they had learned to abhor, and forced
to cheer lustily the very authors of their
slavery. The millions of workers were or-
ganized in one great body controlled by the
state. Their hours of labor wei-e fixed at a
higher level; but their wages remained the
same.

These workers had no right to dispose of
their labor to the highest bidder or to seek
amelioration of their economic status by en-
gaging in more gainful pursuits. All doors
were closed to advancement, while the stand-
ard of living was fixed at a meager level.
Millions of workers thus became the living
property of the state. They were regimented
in producing vast quantities of goods and ma-
terials, over the disposition of which they had
no control. In order to prevent the cost of
living soaring so high that under the existing
wage scales the mass of workers could not even
eke out a bare existence, prices were fixed for
all the necessities of life, except for those lux-
uries which the leaders themselves and the pre-
ferred few of the chosen hierarchy alone could
obtain.

In order to accomplish this program the
greatest hoax of modern times was devised.
The mass of farmers and landowners were
brought under the yoke. A fiction was in-
vented that proclaimed that the soil of the
country was sacred and related to the blood of
those who tilled it. It was claimed on the
false theory of race that blood and soil were
inseparable and could not be considered apart.

By law every farmer was chained to his land.
Under no circumstances could he dispose of
his property, which passed at his death to his
eldest male heir. This is the old feudal law
of primogeniture, which, with the rest of the
serfdom of the Middle Ages, was slowly abol-
ished in Western Europe or greatly modified
with the advent of modern times. Thus the
conditions of agricultural life were fixed once
and for all by the statutes and decrees of the
state. There was no longer any freedom of
choice for the first-born male in any rural
family which possessed an estate. No matter
what his predilections or capacities for other
work might be, his destiny and that of his son
and his grandson and his great-grandson had
been predetermined. The fruits of a lifetime
of work were already bequeathed at birth.
The disinherited status of the rest of the chil-
dren was established before they were born.
The family life from the cradle to the grave
revolved around these realities. This was the
second great step in establishing economic
thralldom in the totalitarian state. Not only
were the farmers bound to the land, but their
agricultural operations were controlled and
prices wei'e fixed. For a time they were fa-
vored at the expense of the workers in the
cities, who were more easily bludgeoned into
submission on account of their being accessible
and grouped in larger numbers. Besides, the
farmer, accustomed by the nature of his en-
vironment to a larger measure of freedom, bent
his neck more slowly under the totalitarian
yoke. But in the course of time controls be-
came more rigid in the agricultural connnuni-
ties and prices of farm commodities were
screwed down to suit the generally lower
standard of living in the industrial centers.

It was in the agricultural life of the totali-
tarian states where the gi-eatest effects of
the drive for self-sufficiency were felt. The
whole farming industry was incorporated
into an autonomous public body managed by
the state, with absolute power over all the
persons and property involved. Everything
to do with agriculture came under the control
of this organization. It could fix prices at

JANTJART 3, 1942

will and determine what crops could be
planted. Questions of distribution were oflS-
cially regulated. Kates of interest on mort-
gages and all other questions pertaining to the
financial status of the farm were determined
by the public authorities. Agriculture: was
bodily lifted out of the realm of free compe-
tition. The process of price adjustment
placed the industry entirely out of line with
prices prevailing for agricultural products in
the world market. At first, prices were fixed
on a remunerative basis; but this was slowly
modified while the state was extending control
over every individual farm. Those who pro-
duced more grain than was required for their
own needs were compelled to deliver the bal-
ance to the official organizations at a fixed
price. In the end every farmer received his
orders as though he were a private in the
army. Likewise the foundations for an even-
tual economic conflict with the rest of the
world were laid further in establishing author-
itative control over industrial private enter-
prises. The most far-reaching devices were
set up by the totalitarian state with the aim of
incorporating every business organization
from the greatest industrial establishments to
the smallest retail shops in the official organi-
zation. On this one writer commented: "In
the last analysis it can be stated that every en-
trepreneur could consider himself a govern-
mental employee executing the commands he
receives".

Setting up of controls governing the alloca-
tion of raw materials, even the fixing of prices,
hours of labor, production of finished products,
and other measures are necessary in times of
gi'eat emergency, such as that in which we find
ourselves today. But the powers under which
our Government acts have been authorized by
the people's representatives in Congress. These,
therefore, are controls which the Nation has de-
cided to impose upon itself during a time of
great national stress.

In the totalitarian states these systems were
built up ostensibly with the direct object of cre-
ating a great war machine ; but the changes that
were made with respect to labor, agriculture,

436362 — 42 3

and private enterprise were permanent in
character, being the direct result of revolution-
ary changes according to which the reorganiza-
tion of society on the authoritarian principle
was effected.

It is important to remember that the au-
thoritarian system demands not only unqualified
obedience to the established authority but a
rigorous discipline in carrying out the com-
mands of the state. These are totally applied,
and the enforcement afPects every phase of
human activity.

Even those administering justice, hearing
and pleading causes, may only do so by virtue of
their obligatory membership in an organiza-
tion controlled by the totalitarian masters and
which organization accepts and endorses the
whole doctrine of oppression and force. Here
has arisen an established system by which the
scales of justice have been deliberately unbal-
anced, where political prejudice and blind
bigotry are substituted for reason and conclu-
sions based on facts. Here cases are lost before
they are heard ; and the innocent are convicted
before they face their accusers.

So in the midst of a universal inquisition, of
which the agents are a ubiquitous police, the
economic life of the nation is regimented and
controlled for the supreme purpose of achieving
world conquest and trade monopoly as far as
the totalitarian arm of aggression can reach.

As in military science, operations can only be
extended from strategic bases, so in the interna-
tional field, economic warfare against other na-
tions can only be successfully waged if the
strategy of position and movement is firmly in
hand. In the totalitarian state all the economic
agencies, particularly capital and industrial and
agricultural labor and the production of ma-
terials, commodities, and foods are totally with-
in the control of the supreme authority. Thus
a potential of vast proportions and influence is
created, capable of entering and maintaining
itself in the international fleld to the disadvan-
tage, if not the destruction, of the economic
stability of other countries.

The steady effort toward total conquest and
the investment of every national resource in the

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

grim relentless game of war is calculated to
fasten upon other countries the same system
of exjjloitation and repression which has been
built up at home. The prize is enormous and
worth the pains. At Armageddon the ruthless
conquerors aim to sweep into their maws the
far-flung wealth of the earth. A true perspec-
tive of the economic purposes back of the
aggressive moves which the totalitarian states
have been carrying out during the last decade,
reveals that the objectives are not the same as
those which impelled the Central Powers in
Europe to attack their neighbors in 1914. The
Central Powers entered the Great War pri-
marily to increase and fortify their hold upon
world markets and to establish and maintain
political and economic prestige both on sea and
land. There was not the complete divergence
in general outlook upon all phases of life ; nor
had our former enemies turned their backs upon
civilization. Freedom of the individual had
not been turned into slavery ; nor had the state
overthrown religion to make way for paganism.
The courts and halls of justice were still gov-
erned by legal codes and processes of law equal
to those existing in enRghtened countries. The
arts and sciences and above all education had
not been debased and made to serve violent
political ends. Nor had the youth of the nation
been turned into rabid zealots. These violent
changes subjugated the souls of men from the
highest to the lowest and prepared them to en-
list themselves blindly in an unholy cause of
ruthless aggression against their innocent
neighbors.

The struggle of 1914 was destined, no matter
■what might have been its outcome, to change
the balance of power in Europe. The totali-
tarian object in the present struggle is to anni-
hilate civilization. These states are now
waging war for the acquisition and control of
the world's material wealth. Their aims in the
raging conflict are to perpetuate their military
power. They are endeavoring to seize the raw
materials of the world, not to make an adjust-
ment in the distribution of wealth among na-
tions but to strengthen and fortify their
aggressive striking-power, that they may be
able to deliver the final blow.

The economic system which has been imposed
in the totalitarian states through the enslave-
ment of the workers, farmers, and industrial
producers, has laid the pattern for its extension
in all countries whose independence has been
destroyed. Wherever this juggernaut of power
has established his rule the same economic sys-
tem is introduced. The workers are robbed of
their rights and compelled under pain of tor-
ture and even death to produce as they are
directed and for wages which are fixed by the
conquerors. They are moved from one country
to another and assigned to any task under con-
ditions which the occupying authorities con-
sider expedient. Industrial enterprises are co-
ordinated in the general scheme of totalitarian
production for whatever purpose may be essen-
tial in maintaining and extending the potential
of the military machine. The farms are plun-
dered. The warehouses are emptied. Endless
caravans loaded with booty move along with
the marching hosts toward military objectives.
Plants and factories are seized by agents of
the occupying forces. Administration of the
economic and financial apparatus in the con-
quered countries is geared to the totalitarian
system. In this process of despoliation the same
arbitrary authority is exercised. The details
of the plans are a minor part of the vast scheme
of world political, economic, and military domi-
nation. The reorganization along totalitarian
lines in every occupied country is carried out
with the utmost despatch and efficiency. The
schemes of coordinating industrial production
in such countries have been carefully worked
out, not with the object of establishing an eco-
nomic system which would preserve the inter-
ests of the human beings, whose lives and prop-
erty are at stake, but with the sole aim of
increasing the total potential of the war ma-
chine through which the conquest has been
made.

With the advent of the totalitarian agents the
industrial and agricultural productive capacity
of the subjected country is severely curtailed
by the general distress of the inhabitants and
their unwillingness to cooperate in forging the
chains of their own slavery. This dislocation
becomes more severe where passive and open

JANUARY 3, 194 2

resistance results in acts of sabotag:e and de-
struction. Pitiless repressive measures persuade
the majority to obey, who elect to preserve their
own lives and perhaps the lives of their children,
wliile cherishing- the hope that the conqueror
■will either relent or in the end be overthrown.
The net result is a complete reorganization of
the industrial jaroductivity of the nation, car-
ried out under the authority of totalitarian
agents whose single aim is to augment the re-
sources of the master state. While the war is
in progi'ess these aims will be confined to in-
creasing the military potential and to augment-
ing the striking-power of the armed forces.

We are, however, vitally concerned with the
aims which affect the ultimate status of the
world, economically and politically, over a long
period of time. Our own progress and way of
life will be determined by the kind of world
in which we shall have to live thi'ough the
decades and generations ahead. It is clear that
the system which the would-be conquerors are
determined to impose upon the world would
not only destroy liberty and all the amenities
of civilization and culture, overturn the rule
of law wherever they have the power to do so,
but would perpetuate an economic conflict so
far reaching that the most isolated community
on the earth would suffer the deteriorating ef-
fects. This country will not accept such a sys-
tem. It presupposes, first of all, a master state
which, over and above its prerogatives of sov-
ereignty, imposes upon all less powerful mem-
bers a subordinate role, whicli members are
compelled, in fact ordered, to adjust their na-
tional economies and productive processes to
the needs of the other. This means permanent
isolation of such countries from the general sys-
tem of world economy, a denial of their own
progress in the search after higher living stand-
ards, and the danger that their common eco-
nomic status will progressively deteriorate as
victims of foreign exploitation. The system
which our totalitarian enemies mean to estab-
lish negates all the historical {jrogress which has
been made by the family of nations in an effort
to realize ultimate cooperation between states
and peoijles.

Never in the history of the world has state-
craft been more ingenious and inventive in
devising means of gaining control, not oidy
of domestic economy but particularly of foreign
trade for the purpose of attaining self-suffi-
ciency, military and political predominance in
tlie international field. Few of the devices used
by the totalitarian states failed to have imme-
diate and far-reaching effect upon the trade of
most countries, including the United States.
Foreign-excliange control reduced the volume
of American exports in the earliest stages of
the process when the totalitarian states began
to mass material and supplies for their attack
upon free countries; quantitative regulations in
the form of import quotas soon affected the
major exports from this country. The situa-
tion was further aggravated by the use of multi-
ple currencies, trading monopolies, exclusive
trade arrangements with other states, the bilat-
eral balancing of trade, and the consummation
of barter-deals. It became clear to those who
closely observed the M'orking of these devices
that the aims were not economic but part of a
vast scheme to pile up armaments and strategic
materials for an eventual world conflict. In
fact, all of these measures adopted in the totali-
tarian countries were the first acts of aggression
against the security and well-being of the civ-
ilized world. The deliberate encroachments
upon our commercial rights in international
commerce, the interference with our trade with
other nations, the discrimination practiced
against our shipping, and the flouting of treaty
provisions and international accords over a
period of years presaged the more deadly on-
slaughts which are now being waged against us.
At no time in the world's history has there
developed so startling a retrogression in human
ideals. During the last decade millions of peo-
ple in the Fascist and totalitarian states of
Western Europe have been successfully led in
revolt against their own freedom. They have
aided in the overthrow of laws and consti-
tutional rights on which their well-being
depended. They have assisted in the enthrone-
ment of masters who have destroyed their eco-
nomic security and taken control of their

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BXILLETEST

property and wealth. They have abandoned
the inviolability of their homes and surrendered
their children to the Molochs of corruption and
false doctrine. They have hurled themselves
with fire and sword against their peaceful
neighbors, plundering and enslaving the inhabi-
tants with cruel, relentless fury.

While the fateful events have been in the
making which came to a climax with the assault
upon our territory and with our entrance into
the war, our Government has steadily endeav-
ored to advance those principles upon which
international prosperity is based. We have
constantly adhered to our treaty obligations and
broken no covenants to wliich we have sub-
scribed. Over against the totalitarian princi-
ple of exploitation we have unremittingly
worked for international cooperation and the
reign of international law. The program
which the United States has followed in its
trade relations with other countries during the
last eight years has accelerated economic coop-
eration among those nations who are either now
our allies in the present conflict or are counted
among our friends.

The most constructive effort which this Gov-
ernment has made in the field of intemational
economic relations has been embodied in the
trade-agreements program which was inaugu-
rated in 1934 with the enactment by the Con-
gress of the Trade Agreements Act. It has
been the object of the Government on behalf
of the manufacturing and agricultural inter-
ests of this country, as well as on behalf of
peoples everywhere, to make the exchange of
goods throughout the world a means of promot-
ing common prosperity. It was an effort to
give effect to the principle of non-discrimination
in international commercial relations. It was
the antithesis of the discriminatory policy
adopted and promoted by the totalitarian states.
It was an effort to give effect to the obvious
truth that a nation cannot continue to seU if
it does not buy. In every case where agree-
ments were reached trade was stimulated and
closer economic relations were established. The
cornerstone of the Government's policy in pro-
moting sound economic relations among nations
rests upon the principle of "non-discrimina-

tion", that is, upon the legal concept of equality
of treatment which is expressed in the "most-
favored-nation clause", which in every case has
been embodied in the trade agreements made
with other countries. It is the role of govern-
m,ent to carry out negotiations with foreign
states so that a mutually profitable interchange
of goods becomes possible; it is the role of busi-
ness to buy and sell. But business cannot func-
tion in a world whei-e every nation is playing
a lone hand and stacking the cards against the
other. There are certain fundamental princi-
ples which all nations must adopt and adhere
to if international economic relations are finally
to rest upon a solid basis. It may not be pos-
sible in a world made up of so many peoples
of divergent race and traditions to attain any
degree of political and cultural homogeneity:
but in the international economic sphere, where
the distribution of essential raw materials and
the interchange of goods must continue for the
general good of mankind, a common standard
of enlightened conduct must be assured, based
upon legal conceptions just and equitable to all.

With the entrance into the war the country
has not only consecrated all the resources and
manpower of the Nation to the sM'ift and com-
plete attainment of victory but also to the estab-
lishment and maintenance of a just world-order,
in which the rapine and plunder of our ad-
versaries cannot again menace the security and
peace of all men. Upon the great world's stage
all the forces of civilization are arrayed in a
mighty conflict to preserve by deeds of arms
those principles and institutions essential to hu-
man progress. The aims were clearly set forth
by the President of the United States and the
Prime Minister of Great Britain in a joint dec-
laration now known as the "Atlantic Charter"
released by the T\Tiite House on August 14,
wherein the following statements were made
with reference (o international economic rela-
tions :

"Fourth, thej' will endeavor, with due respect
for existing obligations, to further the enjoy-
ment by all States, gi-eat or small, victor or van-
quished, of access, on equal terms, to tlie trade
and to the raw materials of the world which are
needed for their economic prosperity ;

JANUARY 3, 1942

"Fifth, they desire to bring about the fullest
collaboration between all nations in the eco-
nomic field with the object of securing, for all,
improved labor standards, economic advance-
ment, and social security".

The Under Secretary of State in a recent ad-
dress emphasized tlie significance of the declara-
tion as follows:

"This categorical statement of the essentials
of post-war commercial policy reciuires no in-
terpretation. I should, however, like to em-
phasize its meaning and significance.

"The basic conception is that your Govern-
ment is determined to move towards the crea-
tion of conditions under which restrictive and
unconscionable tariffs, preferences, and discrim-
inations are things of the past; under which
no nation should seek to benefit itself at the
expense of another; and under which destruc-
tive trade warfare shall be replaced by coopera-
tion for the welfare of all nations.

"The Atlantic Declaration means that every
nation has a right to expect that its legitimate
trade will not be diverted and throttled by
towering tariffs, preferences, discriminations, or
narrow bilateral practices. Most fortunately
we have already done much to put our own
commercial policy in order. So long as we
adhere and persistently implement the prin-
ciples and policies which made possible the
enactment of the Trade Agreements Act, the
United States will not furnish, as it did after
the last war, an excuse for trade-destroying and
trade-diverting practices.

"The purpose so simply set forth in the At-
lantic Declaration is to promote the economic
prosperity of all nations 'great or small, victor
or vanquished'. Given this purpose and the
determination to act in accordance with it, the
means of attaining this objective will always be
found. It is a purpose which does not have its
origin primai'ily in altruistic conceptions. It is
inspired by the realization, so painfully forced
on us by the experiences of the past and of the
present, that in the long run no nation can
prosper by itself or at the expense of others and
that no nation can live unto itself alone."

There can be only one end to this war; and
that is the end which the United States and the
countries allied in the same cause have set out
to reach.

The world is no longer waiting in perplexity
and fear of the issues of the future. The period
of uncertainty and vacillation is passed. The
momentum of the march toward victory will
increase with every passing day until the forces
arraj'ed against us will be overwhelmed and
destroyed and the revolution of nihilism dis-
appears from the earth.

When that day comes this great world of
human beings will grow hoarse with the frenzy
and jubilation of thanksgiving. They will
realize that they have had a rendezvous with
destiny; a narrow escape, where everything
which makes human life worth while was at
stake, not only for them but also for their chil-
dren. When that day comes the hundreds of
millions who are now threatened with slavery
will turn to the leaders of the world's affairs
and demand assurance that their liberties never
again be placed in jeopardy. We shall have a
major part in determining the giurranties upon
which that assurance will be based. Our place
in world affairs is now fixed; our own interest
demands that we never again retreat from bear-
ing our full responsibility in safeguarding the
lot of the human race.

In the declaration of the Atlantic Charter the
future of the world is presaged. A universal
order must be established that will embody the
aspirations of all and give every nation an equal
opportunity to develop its national life in har-
mony with its neighbors and in consonance with
the general course of enlightened civilization.
Each nation must recognize its opportunity as
well as its responsibility in international affairs;
and this responsibility cannot be exercised more
vitally than in the task of rearing an interna-
tional economic order in which the prosperity
of all will be guaranteed. There can be no bet-
ter start in that new day when a war-wearied
world will look to us for guidance than to make
those principles universal which the Secretary
of State has unceasingly fostered and advanced
in international conunercial relations.

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETrN

SUPPLEMENTARY TRADE AGREEMENT WITH CUBA

[Released to the press December 29]

On December 29, 1941 the President pro-
claimed the second supplementary trade agree-
ment between the United States and Cuba
which was signed at Habana on December 23,
1941. The publication of the new agreement in
the Gaceta Of,cml of the Republic of Cuba took
place on the same day that it was proclaimed in
the United States.

In accordance with the provisions of article
IX, the new agreement will enter into force on
January 5, 1942.

An analysis of the general provisions of the
new agreement was printed in the BuUetin of
December 27, 1941, page 603. The text of the
agreement will be printed shortly in the Execu-
tive Agreement Series.

TRADE-AGREEMENT NEGOTIATIONS WITH PERU

[Released to the press December 29]

On December 29, 1941 the Secretary of State
issued formal notice of intention to negotiate
a trade agreement with the Government of
Peru.

The Committee for Reciprocity Information
issued simultaneously a notice setting the dates
for the submission to it of information and
views in writing and of applications to appear
at public hearings to be held by the Committee,
and fixing the time and place for the opening of
the hearings.

There is printed below a list of products
which will come under consideration for the
possible granting of concessions by the Govern-
ment of the United States. Representations
which interested persons may wish to make to
the Committee for Reciprocity Information
need not be confined to the articles appearing in
this list but may cover any articles of actual or
potential interest in the import or export trade
of the United States with Peru. However, only
the articles contained in the list issued on De-
cember 29 or in any supplementary list issued
later will come under consideration for the pos-
sible granting of concessions by the Government
of the United States.

Suggestions with regard to the form and con-
tent of presentations addressed to the Commit-
tee for Reciprocity Information are included
in a statement released by that Committee on
December 13, 1937.

A compilation showing the total trade be-

tween the United States and Peru during the
years 1929-40 inclusive, together with the prin-
cipal products involved in the trade between the
two countries during the years 1939 and 1940,
has been prepared by the Department of Com-
merce, and is printed below.

Department of State

trade-agreement negotiations with peru

Public Notice

Pursuant to section 4 of an act of Congress
approved June 12, 1934, entitled "An Act to
Amend the Tariff Act of 1930", as extended
by Public Resolution 61, approved April 12,
1940, and to Executive Order 6750, of June 27,
1934, 1 hereby give notice of intention to nego-
tiate a trade agreement with the Government
of Peru.

All presentations of information and views
in writing and applications for supplemental
oral presentation of views with respect to the
negotiation of such agreement should be sub-
mitted to the Committee for Reciprocity Infor-
mation in accordance with the announcement
of this date issued by that Committee concern-
ing the manner and dates for the submission of
briefs and applications, and the time set for
public hearings.

CoRDELL Hull
Secretary of State

Washington, D.C,
December 29, 19kl.

JANUARY 3, 1942

Committee for Keciprocitt Information

trade-agreement negotiations with peru

Public Notice

Closing date for submission of briefs, January
24, 1942; closing date for application to be
heard, January 24, 1942; public hearings
open, February 2, 1941.

The Committee for Reciprocity Information
liereby gives notice that all information and
views in writing, and all applications for sup-
plemental oral presentation of views, in regard
to the negotiation of a trade agreement with
the Government of Peru, of which notice of
intention to negotiate has been issued by the
Secretary of State on this date, shall be submit-
ted to the Committee for Reciprocity Informa-
tion not later than 12 o'clock noon, January 24,
1942. Such communications should be ad-
dressed to "The Chairman, Committee for Reci-
procity Information, Tariff Commission Build-
ing, Eighth and E Streets NW., Washington,
D. C."

A public hearing will be held beginning at
10 a. m. on February 2, 1942, before the Com-
mittee for Reciprocity Information, in Room
105 (Conference Room), the National Archives
Building, Pennsylvania Avenue between Sev-
enth and Ninth Streets NW., where supple-
mental oral statements will be heard.

Six copies of written statements, either type-
written or printed, shall be submitted, of which
one copy shall be sworn to. Appearance at
hearings before the Committee may be made
only by those persons who have filed written
statements and who have within the time pre-
scribed made written application for a hearing,
and statements made at such hearings shall be
under oath.

By direction of the Committee for Reciproc-
ity Information this 29th day of December
1941.

Felton M. Johnston

Secretary
Washington, D. C,

December £9, 194J.

List of Products on Which the United
States Will Consider Granting Conces-
sions to Peru

The rates of duty or import tax indicated
are those now applicable to products of Peru.
Where the rate is one which has been reduced
pursuant to a previous trade agreement by 50
percent (the maximum permitted by the Trade
Agreements Act) it is indicated by the symbol
MR. Where a rate has been bound free of
duty in a previous trade agreement, it is indi-
cated by the symbol B.

For the purpose of facilitating identification
of the articles listed, reference is made in the
list to the paragraph numbers of the tariff
schedules in the Tariff Act of 1930, or, as the
case may be, to the appropriate sections of the
Internal Revenue Code. The descriptive
phraseology is, however, in many cases limited
to a narrower field than that covered by the
numbered tariff paragraph or section in the
Internal Revenue Code. In such cases only
the articles covered by the descriptive
phraseology of the list will come under con-
sideration for the granting of concessions.

In the event that articles which are at
present regarded as classifiable under the de-
scriptions included in the list are excluded
therefrom by judicial decision or otherwise
prior to the conclusion of the agreement, the
list will nevertheless be considered as includ-
ing such articles.

United
States
Tarifl
Act of
1930 Para-

Description of article

Pyrettirum or insect flowers,
and dcrris, tube, or tuba
root, all the foregoing which
are natural and uncom-
pounded, but advanced in
value or condition by shred-
ding, grinding, chipping,
crushing, or any other proc-
ess or treatment whatever
beyond that essential to
proper packing and the pre-
vention of decay or dete-
rioration pending manufac-
ture, not containing alcohol.

Present rate
of duty

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

United

States

Tariff
Act of

Description of article

Present rate
of duty

Sym-
bol

1930 Para-

graph

Barbasco or cube root, natural
anduncompounded, but ad-

5 or 10% ad val.
(6% rate ap-

MR."

vanced in value or condition

plies to ground

by shredding, grinding, chip-

root only).

ping, crushing, or any other

process or treatment what-

ever beyond that essential

to proper packing and the

prevention of decay or de-

terioration pending manu-

facture, and not containing

alcohol.

10( per lb.

500 per lb. on

302(c)

Tungsten ore or concentrates

the metallic

tungsten con-

tained therein.

7H% ad val.
15% ad val. (plus
a tax of $3 per

404

Cedar commercially known as
Spanish cedar, granadilla.

mahogany, rosewood, and

thousand feet.

satinwood: In the form of

board meas-

sawed boards, planks, deals,

ure, under

and all other forms not

sec. 3424,

further manufactured than

Internal Rev-

sawed, and flooring.

enue Code; see
below).

501

Sugars, tank bottoms, sirups of
cane juice, melada. concen-

1.281375t per lb.

trated raelada, concrete and

concentrated molasses, test-

ing by the polariscope not

above 75 sugar degrees, and

all mixtures containing

sugar and water, testing by

the polariscope above fiO

sugar degrees and not above

75 sugar degrees.

and for each additional sugar

0.028126t per lb.

degree shown by the polar-

additional.

iscopic test.

and fractions
of a degree in
proportion.

20% ad val.

wise prepared or preserved.

781

Spices and spice seeds:

Ginger root, not preserved or

5t per lb.

candied, ground.

783

7i per lb.

and one-eighth inches or

more in length.

$1.50 per ton

MR.

1001

Flax, hackled, including
"dressed line".

mtperlb

MR.

1001

Flax tow and flax noils

W per lb-

MR.

2t per lb.

1001

Hackled hemp

2m per lb.

" The rate of duty on natural and uncompounded barbasco or cube
root, advanced in value by grinding, was reduced from 10% to 5% ad
val. in the trade agreement with Venezuela, effective December 16, 1939.

United

States

Tariff
Act of

Description of art iele

Present rate
of duty

Sym-
bol

1930 Para-

graph

1102(b)

Hair of the alpaca, llama, and
vicuna:

In the grease or washed

Sit per lb. of
clean content.

37t per lb. of
clean content.

32(! per lb. of
clean content.

Sorted, or matchings, if not

3H per lb. of

scoured.

clean content.

1504(b)(1) ..

Hats and hoods, composed
wholly or in chief value of
the fiber of the carludovica
palmata, commercially
known as toquilla fiber or
straw; and not blocked or
trimmed, and not bleached,
dyed, colored, or stained.

12M% ad val...

MR.

1602

Pyrethrum or insect flowers,
natural and uncompounded
and in a crude state, not ad-
vanced in value or condi-
tion by shredding, grinding,
chipping, crushing, or any
other process or treatment
whatever, beyond that es-
sential to proper packing
and the prevention of decay
or deterioration pending
manufacture, not containing
alcohol.

Free.

1609

Cochineal, and extracts thereof,
not containing alcohol.

Free.

which quinine may be ex-

tracted.

Coffee, except coffee imported
into Puerto Rico and upon

which a duty is imposed

imder the authority of sec-

tion 319.

1670 ---

Dyeing or tanning materials,
whether crude or advanced
in value or condition by
shredding, grinding, chip-
ping, crushing, or any simi-
lar process, and not con-
taining alcohol:

Free.

1681

Furs and fur skins, not specially

provided for, undressed:

Free

1685 - -

Free.

1686

Gums and resins:

Free.

jelutong or pontianak.

1719

Minerals, crude, or not advanced
in value or condition by re-
fining or grinding, or by
other process of manufac-
ture, not specially provided
for:

Free.

JANT7ARY 3, 1942

United

States

Tariir
Act of

Description of article

Present rate
of duty

Sym-
bol

1930 Para-

graph

1722

Barbaseo or cube root, crude or
unmanufactured, not speci-

ally provided for.

1732

Oils, expressed or extracted;

Free.

1748

loids and salts of alkaloids

derived from cinchona bark.

1765

Goat and kidskins, raw

Free.

1768(1)

Spices and spice seeds:

candied, if unground.

1803 (1)

Free-

not further manufactured

(Subject to a

than planed, and tongued

tax of $1.50 per

and grooved, not specially

thousand feet,

provided for.

board meas-
ure, under sec.
3424, Internal
Revenue
Code: see be-
low).

United
States
Tarill
Act of
1930 Para-
graph

Description of article

Present rate
of duty

Sym-
bol

1803(2)

Balsa, cedar commercially
known as Spanish cedar,
granadilla, mahogany, rose-
wood, and satinwood, in the
log.

Internal

Revenue

Code

Section

Description of article

Present rate of
import tax

Sym-
bol

3424

Cedar commercially known as

$3 per thousand

Spanish cedar, granadilla,

feet, board

mahogany, rosewood, and

measure.

satinwood lumber, rough,

or planed or dressed on one

or more sides.

3424

Balsa lumber, rough, or planed

$1.50 per thou-

MR.

or dressed on one or more

sand feet.

sides.

board meas-
ure.

Trade of the United States With Peru
(Compiled by the Department of Commerce)
UNITED STATES MERCHANDISE TRADE WITH PERU
(Values in thou,sands of dollars)

Experts to Peru -

General unports from Peru

Yearly average or year

Value

Percent of total

United States

exports

Value

Percent of total

United States

imports

1911-15 - - - -.

6,662
26, 339
20, 942
23, 906

7,789
18,340
26, 176

15, 720
7,935
3,962
4,985
9,891

12, 174

13, 439
19,001

16, 892
19, 246
23, 123

. 4
.5
.5
. 4
. 6
.5
. 4
.3
.2
.3
. 5
.5
.5
.6
.6
. 6
.6

11,491

41, 153

19,015

22, 819

6,357

14, 053

30, 167

21, 284

8,973

3,685

5,472

6, 191

7,462

9,023

16, 525
12,813
13, 959

17, 943

. 7

1916-20 - .._..-..--

1. 2

1921-25 --

. 6

1926-30

. 6

1931-35 .

. 4

1936-40'' .

. 6

1929

. 7

1930 -

. 7

1931

. 4

1932 - _- .

1933 -

. 4

1934 -

1935 -

1936 - -- ---

. 4

1937 --

. 5

1938 --

1939

. 6

1940' .

• Includes re-exports.

' Trade figures for 1940 are preliminary.

26 DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

UNITED STATES EXPORTS TO PERU
(By Groups and Principal Commodities; data for individual items include only U.S. products)

Commodity and group

Quantity

Value ($1,000)

Exports of U.S. merchandise, total

Animal products and animals, edible, total

Dairy products

Animal products and animals, inedible, total

Upper leather (except lining and patent)

Vegetable food products and beverages, total

Grains and preparations

Wheat flour 1,000 bbl..

Vegetables and preparations

Yeast 1,000 1b..

Other vegetable food products and beverages

Vegetable products, inedible, except fibers and wood, total

Rubber and manufactures

Automobile tire casings Number. .

Cigarettes M..

Textile fibers and manufactures, total

Cotton manufactures

Cotton cloth, duck and tire fabric 1,000 sq.yd..

Bags of jute 1,000 lb_.

Absorbent cotton gauze and sterilized bandages 1,000 Ib..

Wood and paper, total

Douglas fir, sawed M. bd. ft-_

Boards, planks and scantlings: Douglas fir M. bd. ft^-

Paper and manufactures

Other products

Nonmetallic minerals, total

Petroleum and products

Motor fuel and gasoline barrels..

Lubricating oil 1,000 bbl..

Paraffin wax 1,000 lb..

Glass and glass products

Pottery

Other product's

Metals and manufactures, except machinery and vehicles, total

Iron and steel-mill products

Iron and steel bars and rods 1,000 lb..

Iron and steel plates, sheets and skelp 1,000 lb..

Tin plate and taggers' tin 1,000 lb._

Structural shapes Tons (2,240 Ib.)..

Sheet piling 1,000 lb..

Tubular products and fittings 1,000 lb_-

Wire and manufactures 1,000 lb..

Iron and steel advanced manufactures

Other products

Machinery and vehicles, total

Electrical machinery and apparatus

Radio apparatus

570

18, 640
17, 805

564

1,024

102

4, 109
38, 304

13, 491

3,920

13, 825

16, 405
6,216
5, 110
3, 122

10, 838
3,860

532

23, 454
26,511

1, 144

774

8,469
33, 114

190
23

4,958

19, 836

14, 396
11,681

3,248

570

17, 862

6,429

18,841
233
142
109

436
127

76
123

86
186
722
511
280

48
616
154

57
114

61
1, 137

70
699
170
200
1, 175
747
145
402
150

58
303
3,558
2,617
333
439
280
318

95
476
218
601
340
7,870
841
216

JANUARY 3, 1042 27

UNITED STATES EXPORTS TO PERU — Continued
(By Groups and Principal Commodities; data for individual items include only U.S. products)

Commodity and group

Quantity

Value ($1,000)

Machinery and vehicles — Continued.

Indust rial machinery

Construction and conveying machinery

Mining, well, and pumping machinery

Textile machinery

Office appliances

Typewriters Number. .

Agricultural machinery and implements

Tracklay ing tractors Number, .

Automobiles, parts and accessories

Motor trucks and busses Number. -

Pas.senger cars Number. _

Aircraft and parts

Landplanes (powered) Number. .

Other machinery and vehicles

Chemicals and related products, total

Coal-tar products

Chemical specialties

Calcium arsenate 1,000 lb. _

Pigments, paints, and varnishes

Explosives, fuses, etc

Dynamite 1,000 lb__

Soap and toilet preparations

Other products

Miscellaneous domestic articles, total

Photographic and projection goods

Scientific and professional instruments

Re-exports of foreign merchandise, total

Exports, including re-exports, total

4,820

2,461

1,328
1,202

1,432
1,807

3,702

2,942

3,957

2,270
277
958
62
247
156
530
228

2,353
935
898

1,311
989
318

2, 157
68
588
200
164
538
364
156
643
827
160
168

405

19, 246

3,070
185

1,228
327
235
111
318
81

2,753
954

1,301
685
387
321

2,563
170
466
153
207
626
479
165
939

1,038
170
196

627

23, 123

UNITED STATES IMPORTS FROM PERU
(By Groups and Principal Commodities)

Quantity

Value ($1,000)

1939

1940

1939

1940

13, 827

523

509

336

15, 364

680

562

-.1,000 1b-.

1, 197
139

1, 130
786

273

1.000 1b--

Other animal products, inedible

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

UNITED STATES IMPORTS FROM PERU COntmued

(By Groups and Principal Commodities)

Commodity and group

Quantity

Value ($1,000)

Vegetable food products and beverages, total

Coffee 1,000 lb_

Cane sugar Million lb_

Molasses, not for human consumption 1,000 gal-
Other vegetable food products

Vegetable products, inedible, except fibers and wood, total

Rubber, crude 1,000 lb_

Gutta balata 1,000 lb-
Cube (Timbo or barbasco) root 1,000 lb_

Coca leaves 1,000 lb_

Other vegetable products, inedible

Textile fibers and manufactures, total

Cotton, raw 1,000 lb. (clean content).

Cotton linters Do

Flax, unmanufactured Tons (2,240 lb.).

Clothing wool 1,000 lb. (clean content).

Combing wool Do

Hair of the cashmere goat, alpaca, etc Do

Other textiles

Wood, total

Metals and manufactures, except machinery and vehicles, total

Tungsten ore:

For smelting, refining and export 1,0001b. (tungsten content) .

Other tungsten ore Do

Vanadium ore 1,000 lb. (vanadium content).

Copper:

For smelting, refining and export 1,000 lb. (copper content).

Other copper Do

Lead ore and bullion:

For smelting, refining and export 1,000 lb. (lead content).

Other lead ore and bullion Do

Lead pigs and bars Do

Zinc ore:

For smelting, refining and export 1,000 lb. (zinc content).

Other zinc ore (except pyrites) 1,000 lb. (zinc content).

Antimony ore 1,000 lb. (antimony content).

Bi.smuth 1,000 1b.

Other metals and manufactures ^

Guano Tons (2,240 lb.) .

Miscellaneous articles, total

362

78
747

102

1,730

468

394
1,041

260

2, 102

71,514
449

15, 665
3,300

7, 166

4,358

36, 993

861

183

4,700

1,295
60

1,427

294

225

2,225

658

840

1,466

147

824

1,342

2,088

117

175

4, 598

67, 129
3,615

1,084
26, 077

17,517

17, 259

11,254

1, 195

124

1, 134

1,085

286

135

1,090

112

871

145

10, 346

992

7,284
47

363
119

112

119
941

63
154

89
205

Cultural Relations

THE ROLE OF CULTURAL EXCHANGE m WARTIME
ADDRESS BY CHARLES A. THOMSON'

[Released to the press December 31]

The original subject of this talk, "The Eole
of Cultural Exchange in the Present and Fu-
ture Relations of the Americas", was assigned
and accepted when our country was at peace —
albeit an uneasy peace — with all the world.
Now that we are at war in the Atlantic and
in the Pacific, on land, on sea, and in the air,
there is an arresting timeliness in the question :
What is the role of cultural exchange in war-
time?

We are not tlie fii-st nation to be faced with
this question. Great Britain and Germany
have been answering it in the other American
republics, while their battles raged in Europe,
and their responses have borne what may ap-
pear to some a surprising degree of resem-
blance. Each in its own way has not di-
minished but has rather intensified cultural
activities as an essential basis for relations dur-
ing and after the conflict. Japan has answered
similarly : at the very hour that Japanese
planes were attacking Pearl Harbor, Japanese
representatives were promoting a cultural
agreement with Brazil. China, too, has an-
swered. Under invasion and bombardment,
China has never slackened her supj)ort of Chi-
nese-American cultural agencies. This ima-
nimity of response from our enemies as well
as from our allies is the most convincing testi-
mony possible to the immense importance of
fostering and furthering cultural relations
now.

As for us, our own Government has accepted
for many years the solidarity of the American
republics as basic in our international relations.
The cultural factor is a primary contributor

'Delivered before the American Political Science
Association, New York, N.Y., December 31, 1941. Mr.
Thomson is Chief of the Division of Cultural Re-
lations, Department of State.

toward that solidarity. Obviously it would
be detrimental, even disastrous, to lose sight of
this factor under pressure of war conditions.

In short, cultural relations — which have been
happily defined as "a better muttial comprehen-
sion of one another's ways"— serve to provide
that underlying basic understanding and com-
munity of interest and eflPort essential to con-
tinuing an effective cooperation among the
American nations. Konrad Bercovici declared
recently "We in the United States have recog-
nized at long last that to protect ourselves we
nuist protect the other Americas. But Me have
not yet convinced our neighbors that our pro-
posed cooperation is of mutual interest. It is.
We have not told them, not really told them,
not so that our words would sink in, that if we
do not frustrate the aggi'essors or would-be
aggressors now — together — -they, the Mexicans
and the Central and South Aanericans, will all
be in grave danger. That is the language they
would understand, if properly uttered not only
by our political leaders, but by ourselves, the
])eople."

Now it is more than ever important that our
country strengthen the bonds of friendship with
the other American republics, demonstrate to
them that the cause of our freedom is the cause
of their freedom, of all freedom; and it is
ui'gently necessary that the channels of travel
and information be kept open. The immediate
agencies to effect this are the agencies already
fruitfully at work: The interchange between
the Americas of leaders of thought and opinion,
of research workers, technicians, and professors
and students; translation back and forth of
significant and revealing writings whether for
their timeliness or for their enduring literary
values; the showing in our sister countries of
motion pictures that reveal life in the United
States — and now, most particularly, life as lived

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

with undimmed vitality and unclouded faith in
wartime — and similarly, the showing of pic-
tures here that tell of the life and purposes of
the peoples to the South; and the transmission
of radio progi'ams to the same end.

We are accustomed to link propaganda and
war in our thinking. But what is the role of
cultural relations in wartime, as distinct from
propaganda? In answer, we may note that
there are three major ways of influencing the
ideas of other peoples. One is the way the
Nazis have brought to perfection a subversive,
insidious system which they employ as an im-
plement of aggression, as the psychological
arm of their pattern of conquest. It is used
as the prelude to military subjection. It is
designed to create a pathological condition in
the mind of another people, to bring about
emotional confusion in a nation in order to
"soften" its will and render it powerless to
take action for its own preservation. It rep-
resents the now familiar technique of the "war
of nerves". Those who administer this type
of propaganda do not consider the objects of
its pressure as equals whose opinions are to
be respected, but as victims to be despised and
overcome.

But there is a second type of propaganda,
of which the Nazi form is a corruption or dis-
tortion. Propaganda in its original — and
correct — sense moans simply an effort to urge
other people to think as one thinks. It recalls
the figure of the farmer or the gardener who
puts slips into the ground in the hope of prop-
agating some desirable plant. For as "cul-
ture" and "cultivation" had the same origin
in the tilling of the soil, so did "propagation"
and "propaganda". It is by such methods that
missionaries spread their faith, communities
attract new i-esidents, or an association gains
members.

The program of cultural relations, in some
of its phases, may border closely on this sec-
ond or "instructive" type of propaganda, as
distinguished from the "destructive" Nazi
form. Yet it has a distinct field of its own.
Both types of propaganda just mentioned are
essentially unilateral; cultural relations are

fundamentally and necessarily reciprocal.
The technique of propaganda is generally
similar to that of advertising; it seeks to im-
press, to press in. The technique of cultural
relations is that of education in the root sense
of the word, to "lead out". Pi'opaganda en-
deavors to develop a receptive or favorable at-
titude — that state of mind which is sometimes
called "good-will". The goal of cultural re-
lations is something deeper and more lasting,
the creation of a state of mind properly called
"understanding". Good-will may be largely
emotional ; it may evaporate quickly. Un-
derstanding endures. It is a thing of the
mind, rooted in knowledge and the conviction
that is born of knowledge rather than in emo-
tion or sentimentality. When occasions of
friction arise, the good- will fostered by propa-
ganda may soon be forgotten. But if effective
understanding has developed between two peo-
ples, each will better comprehend the position
of the other, even if they differ; irritation is
lessened, and the way paved for adjustment
and eventual solution.

The American nations face a long pull to-
gether, both during this war and after. Only
the strongest possible bonds will be adequate
to assure that cooperation which is essential
to victory and a stable peace. The member
nations of the New World partnership must
have that nuitual respect and trust which re-
sults from true confidence and understanding.
To build that understanding is in considerable
part the job of cultural relations.

The Department of State in cooperation with
Nelson Rockefeller, Coordinator of Inter-
American Affairs, has been working with the
colleges and universities and other private agen-
cies toward this end. Among other activities,
the Department during the past year has in-
vited to the United States for individual visits
40 or more outstanding leaders of thought and
opinion from the other American republics —
social and natural scientists, journalists, novel-
ists and other writers, historians, educators,
artists, and musicians. They have traveled
widely in this country and have received gen-
erous hospitality from many of the institutions

JANUARY 3, 1942

which you represent. They have gone back to
their own countries to report the existence of
a real basis for inter-American understanding
and cooperation. Let me cite the words of only
two of these visitors:

Sergio Buarque de Ilollanda of the Brazilian
Ministry of Education wrote in one of Rio de
Janeiro's leading newspapers: "In our Amer-
icas, in spite of all ethical and cultural differ-
ences, there are to be found, from North to
South, certain social features with identical
origins, which were developed by applying old
institutions and old ideas to a new free land".

Dr. Josue Gollan, distinguished Argentine
scientist and Eector of the Universidad del
Literal, stated in a public address that of all
his travels none had impressed him more deeply
than the visit to this Nation, "considering the
similarity of the United States and our country
with regard to origin, aspirations, and political
system". He went on to make this striking
comment concerning the United States, "its
charm does not lie in the expressions of its
sciences and arts, as is the case with regard to
European culture; its charm lies in the organi-
zation of its collective life, in the spirit and
action of a powerful democi'acy".

The bases exist for inter-American under-
standing. But the solidity of our New World
partnership will depend also on the degree to
which the American peoples share a common
social goal. As Ernesto Galarza has written in
the November 1941 issue of the Free WorM,
"the Americas must forge ahead on the premise
that common defense and joint war, if neces-
sary, must produce after the victory a system
for the use and enjoyment of the continent's
resources by the people who live on it, on the
basis of their industry, their enterprise, and
their common human needs." Peoples who
live in misery and ignorance, without knowl-
edge and without hope, cannot be expected to
feel a stake in a victory of so-called "democ-
racy", or to struggle and sacrifice for such a
goal.

Solidarity must rest on an economic and
social, as well as on an intellectual or ideological
base. To this end there must be a joint inter-

American program which will seek to raise
living standards and increase consumption
capacity through progressively wider possession
and use of land, the better development of sub-
sistence agriculture, the cooperative adjustment
of surplus crops, the formulation of a sound
plan for financing needed industrial develop-
ment and other purposes, the elevation of labor
standards, and the improvement of education
and public health. The construction of high-
ways will play an important role ; and the Pan
American Highway, on which work goes stead-
ily forward, should be rapidly advanced as a
great potential force for bringing the American
countries closer together in common under-
standing through closer contact of all our
peoples.

Here it becomes evident that cultural rela-
tions have a wider field than that usually cov-
ered by the term "intellectual cooperation".
They should contribute not only to that under-
standing which comes from interchange in edu-
cation, scholarship, and the arts, but also pro-
vide effective cooperation for the achievement
of economic advance and social welfare.
Through exchange fellowships and professor-
ships, the loan of experts, special training op-
portunities for technicians and interns, the
cultural-relations program should facilitate co-
operative action in the economic and social field.
Social-security legislation may be made more
effective, programs of social welfare may be for-
warded by assistance in the training of adequate
personnel, and the exchange of ideas and sci-
entific information in books and other publica-
tions may be greatly extended.

A major responsibility for leadership and
effort to create a healthy, better, peaceable world
has now come to this hemisphei'e. It has come
especially to the United States of America.
But the United States will always share that
responsibility with the other American repub-
lics and with Canada. The New World can
hope to be more successful in meeting its vital
responsibility than the Old only if it has
achieved within itself the cooperative order and
the common fabric of morality, law, and human
aspiration for a better life free from want and

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

fear, which it would seek to realize in the post-
war settlement. If the Americas are to provide
leadership in the task of building the better
world of peace and economic advancement, a
world whose foundations will not soon tremble
again, whose walls cannot be toppled down, the
time is already here for the scholars and think-
ers to start to work on the contribution which
the American system of cooperative peace de-
veloped in this hemisphere can make to the
problem of world stability after the struggle.

In an address delivered just a few days be-
fore we were attacked by Japan, Assistant Sec-
retary Berle said in words that have tremen-
dously added significance in the light of today's
events :

"The American system is now preserving in
the New World the values of civilization which
much of the Old World is destroying. It has
shown the way to a unity between free nations.
It has shown that without sacrifice of a jot of
proud independence great nations can join in
a common cause. They can do the work of in-
ternal improvement. They can carry on the
peaceful fabric of conunerce. They can create
the power which is needed to repel an enemy.
If force is needed, they have and can use force.
They are a standing answer to the defeatists
who say that unity can come only from
conquest.

"On November 25 Berlin attempted to set up
a fraudulent order based on terror. It went
almost unnoticed in the New World ; for in the
New World there is already a free order which
has, in itself, strength of arms and strength of
will; strength of justice and strength of
economics."

The union of free men in the United States
of America made a home for freedom in the
world. The union of free countries in the united
republics of America — united less by political
bond than by the concept and ideology of lib-
erty itself, in the fullest and deepest sense of the
term by a cultural relationship — is today the
world's assurance that freedom shall not fail.

General

CONTRIBUTIONS FOR RELIEF IN
BELLIGERENT COUNTRIES

A tabulation of contributions collected and
disbursed during the period September 6, 1939
through November 1941, as shown in the reports
submitted bj' persons and organizations regis-
tered with the Secretary of State for the solici-
tation and collection of contributions to be used
for relief in belligerent countries, in conformity
with the regulations issued pursuant to section
3 (a) of the act of May 1, 1937 as made effective
by the Pi'esident's proclamations of September
5, 8, and 10, 1939, and section 8 of the act of
November 4, 1939 as made effective by the Presi-
dent's ijroclamution of the same date, has been
released by the Department of State in mimeo-
graphed form and may be obtained from the
Department upon request (press release of De-
cember 29, 1941, 51 pages).

This tabulation has reference only to contri-
butions solicited and collected for relief in bel-
ligerent countries (France; Germany; Poland;
the United Kingdom. India, Australia, Canada,
New Zealand, and the Union of South Africa ;
Norway; Belgium; Luxembourg; the Nether-
lands; Italy; Greece; Yugoslavia; Hungary;
and Bulgaria) or for the relief of refugees
driven out of these countries by the present war.

The Department

APPOINTMENT OF OFFICERS

Mr. Henry R. Labouisse, Jr., has been ap-
pointed an Assistant Chief of the Division of
Defense Materials, effective as of December 2,
1941 (Departmental Order 1016).

JANUARY 3, 1942

EXECUTIVE ORDER EXCEPTING CER-
TAIN POSITIONS FROM CIVIL SERVICE
RULES

An Executive order (no. 9004) signed Decem-
ber 30, 1941, amends the Civil Service Rules by
excepting certain positions from examination
under section 3, Civil Service Rule II. Posi-
tions in the Department of State affected are
listed in the order as follows:

"1. Five special assistants to the Secretary of
State.

"2. All employees of international commis-
sions, congresses, conferences, and boards, ex-
cept the International Joint Commission; the
International Boundary Commission, United
States and Mexico; and the International
Boundary Commission, United States, Alaska,
and Canada.

"3. Chief and two assistant chiefs of the
foreign service buildings office.

"4. Two private secretaries or confidential
assistants to the Secretary of State, and one to
each Assistant Secretary of State.

"5. One private secretary or confidential
assistant to the head of each bureau in the State
Department appointed by the President.

"6. One chauffeur for the Secretary of State.

"7. Gage readers employed part-time or inter-
mittently by the International Boundary Com-
mission, United States and Mexico, at such
isolated localities that in the opinion of the
Commission the establishment of registers is
impracticable."

The Foreign Service

PERSONNEL CHANGES

[Released to the press January 3]

The following changes have occurred in the
American Foreign Service since December 27,
1941:

Stephen C. Brown, of Herndon, Va., formerly
Vice Consul at Kunming, Yunnan, China, has

been designated Third Secretary of Embassy
and Vice Consul at London, England, and will
serve in dual capacity.

Harry E. Carlson, of Joliet, 111., First Secre-
tary of Legation and Consul at Helsinki, Fin-
land, has been designated First Secretary of
Legation and Consul at Stockholm, Sweden,
and will serve in dual capacity.

Richard Ford, of Oklahoma City, Okla., Con-
sul at Buenos Aires, Argentina, has been desig-
nated First Secretary of Embassy and Consul
at Buenos Aires, Argentina, and will serve in
dual capacity.

Landreth M. Harrison, of Minneapolis,
Minn., formerly Second Secretary of Embassy
at Berlin, Germany, has been designated Second
Secretary of Legation at Bern, Switzerland.

Thomas A. Hickok, of Aurora, N. Y., Consul
at Manila, Philippine Islands, has been desig-
nated Second Secretary of Legation at Dublin,
Ireland.

Miss Elizabeth Humes, of Memphis, Tenn.,
Second Secretary of Legation at Copenhagen,
Denmark, has been designated Second Secretary
of Legation at Bern, Switzerland.

John D. Johnson, of Highgate, Vt., formerly
Consul at Salonika, Greece, has been assigned
for duty in the Department of State.

David McK. Key, of Chattanooga, Tenn.,
formerly Second Secretary of Embassy at
Rome, Italy, has been assigned for duty in the
Department of State.

David H. McKillop, of Chestnut Hill, Mass.,
formerly Third Secretary of Embassy at Ber-
lin, Germany, has been designated Third Sec-
retary of Legation and Vice Consul at Stock-
holm, Sweden, and will serve in dual capacity.

The assignment of Harvey Lee Milbourne, of
Charles Town, W. Va., as Consul at Calcutta,
India, has been canceled. In lieu thereof, Mr.
Milbourne has been assigned as Consul at St.
Lucia, British West Indies, where an American
Consulate will be established.

James B. Pilcher, of Cordele, Ga., formerly
Consul at Amoy, Fukien, China, has been as-
signed for duty in the Department of State.

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

K. Borden Beams, of Luthersburg, Pa., Sec-
ond Secretary of Legation at Copenhagen, Den-
mark, has been designated Second Secretary of
Legation at Bern, Switzerland.

Frank A. Schuler, Jr., of North Muskegon,
Mich., Vice Consul at Antigua, Leeward Is-
lands, British West Indies, has been assigned as
Consul at Antigua, Leeward Islands, British
West Indies.

Philip D. Sprouse, of Springfield, Tenn., for-
merly Vice Consul at Hankow, Hupeh, Qiina,
has been designated Third Secretary of Em-
bassy at Chungking, China.

Treaty Information

Compiled in the Treaty Division

CONCILIATION

Treaty With Liberia

[Released to the press December 30]

The Conciliation Treaty between the United
States and Liberia, signed on August 21, 1939,
provided for the establishment of a Permanent
International Commission to which disputes be-
tween the two Governments may be submitted
for investigation and report. The Commission
is to be composed of five members, consisting of
one national member chosen by each of the par-
ticipating Governments and one non-national
member chosen by each Government from some
third country. The fifth member or joint com-
missioner will be chosen by agreement between
the Government of the United States and the
Government of Liberia, it being understood that
he shall not be a citizen of either country.

The President has designated the following
persons to serve on behalf of this Government
on the Permanent International Commission :

National Memlier:

Mr. Harry A. McBride, of Michigan, Administrator,
National Gallery of Art, Washington, D. C.
Non-national Member:

His Excellency Seuor Dr. Don Francisco Castillo
Najera, Ambassador of Mexico, Washington, D. C.

COMMERCE

Supplementary Trade Agreement With Cuba

Announcement of the proclamation by the
President of the suiDplementary trade agreement
with Cuba, signed at Habana December 23,
1941, appears in this Bulletin under the heading
"Commercial Policy".

Trade-Agreement Negotiations With Peru

Announcement regarding the intention to
negotiate a trade agreement with Peru appears
in this Bulletin under the heading "Commercial
Policy".

CLAIMS

Special Convention of 1934 With Mexico

Announcement regarding the payment on
January 1, 1942 by Mexico of the eighth annual
instalment in accordance with article II of the
Convention with Mexico signed April 24, 1934,
appeal's in this Bulletin under the heading
"American Republics".

Publications

Department of State

Trail Smelter Arbitration Between the United States
and Canada Under Convention of April 15, 1935:
Decision of the Tribunal Reported March 11, 1941.
Arbitration Series 8. Publication 1649. Iv, 61 pp.

Regulations

Chinese Regulations: The Admissible Classes of Chi-
nese. December 30, 1941. (Department of Justice,
Immigration and Naturalization Service.) 7 Federal
Register 10.

International traflic in arms, ammunition, etc. [certifi-
cate of registration as receipt]. December 23, 1941.
(Department of State.) 6 Federal Register 6791.

JANUARY 3, 1942

Legislation

An Act To suspend the export tax and the reduction
of the quota prescribed by section 6 of the Act of
March 24. 1934 (48 Stat. 456), as amended, for a fixed
period, and for other purposes. IS. 1G23] (Public
Law 367, 77th Cong., 1st sess.) Approved, Decemljer
22, 1941. 1 p.

An Act To provide for cooperation with Central Amer-
ican republics in the construction of the Inter-
American Highway. [S. 1544] (Public Law 875,
77th Cong., 1st sess.) Approved, December 26, 1941.
2 pp.

An Act To amend the Sugar Act of 1937, as amended,
and for other purposes. [H.R. 59S8] (Public Law
386, 77th Cong., 1st sess.) Approved, December 26,
1941. 2 pp.

To Amend the Sugar Act of 1937, as Amended : Hearing
before the Committee on Finance, U. S. Senate, 77th
Cong., 1st sess., on H.R. .^)98S, an act to amend the
Sugar Act of 1937, as amended, and for other pur-
poses. [Revised.] December 9, 1941. iv, 82 pp.

Amending Act Requiring Registration of Foreign
Agents: Hearings before Subcommittee No. 4 of the
Committee on the Judiciary, House of Representa-
tives, 77th Cong., 1st sess., on H.R. 6045, a bill to
amend the act entitled "An Act To require the regis-
tration of certain persons emplo.ved by agencies to
disseminate propaganda in the United States, and for
other purposes", approved June 8, 1938, as amended.
November 28 and December 1, 1941. [Serial No. 9.]
[Statement of Assistant Secretary Berle, pp. 28-.32 ;
letters of Secretary Hull and Under Secretary
Welles supporting legislation, p. 55.] iv, 56 pp.

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C— Price, 10 cents - - - - Subscription price, $2.75 a year

PUBLISHED WEEKLY WITH THB APPBOVAt OF THE DIEECTOB OF THE BnBBAn OF THE BUDGET

THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE

BULLETIN

JANUARY 10, 1942
Vol. VI, No. 133— Publication 1680

ontents

The War Page

Annual message of the President to the Congress 39

Lend-Lcase aid: Czechoslovakia 44

Adherences to declaration by United Nations 44

Protection of officials and nationals of countries at war:

Americans in the Far East 44

Message of solidarity from Northern Ireland 45

Severance of relations by Venezuela with Germany, Italy,

and Japan 45

General

Budget recommendations for the Department of State,
1943 46

American Republics

Elevation of Legations to rank of Embassy:

Bohvia 47

Ecuador 47

Paraguay 48

International Conferences, Commissions, Etc.
First Pan American Congress of Mining Engineering and
Geology 48

The Foreign Service

Resignation of John Van A. MacMurray 48

Personnel changes 48

Treaty Information
Sovereignty:

Convention on the Provisional Administration of
European Colonies and Possessions in the Americas. 51

Regulations 51

Publications 51

Legislation 51

0. S, SUPFRINTFNnENT OF DOCUMENTS
FEB 19 1942

The War

ANNUAL MESSAGE OF THE PRESIDENT TO THE CONGRESS'

[Released to the press by the White House January 6]

Me. Vice President, Mr. Speaker, Members of
THE Senate and of the House of Repre-
sentatives :

In fulfilling my duty to report upon the state
of the Union, I am proud to say to you that the
spirit of the American people was never higher
than it is today — the Union was never more
closely knit together — this country was never
more deeply determined to face the solenrn
tasks before it.

The response of the American people has
been instantaneous. It will be sustained until
our security is assured.

Exactly one year ago today I said to this
Congress: "When the dictators are ready to
make war upon us, they will not wait for an
act of war on our part . . . They — not we —
will choose the time and the place and the
method of their attack".

We now know their choice of the time: a
peaceful Sunday morning — December 7th, 1941.

We know their choice of the place : an Amer-
ican outpost in the Pacific.

We know their choice of the method : the
method of Hitler himself.

Japan's scheme of conquest goes back half a
century. It was not merely a policy of seeking
living room : it was a plan which included the
subjugation of all the peoples in the Far East
and in the islands of the Pacific, and the domi-
nation of that ocean by Japanese military and
naval control of the western coasts of North,
Central, and South America.

' Delivered before a joint session of the two Houses
of Congress January 6, 1942.

The development of this ambitious con-
spiracy was marked by the war against China
in 1894; the subsequent occupation of Korea;
the war against Russia in 1904 ; the illegal for-
tification of the mandated Pacific Islands fol-
lowing 1920; the seizure of Manchuria in 1931;
and the invasion of China in 1937.

A similar policy of criminal conquest was
adopted by Italy. The Fascists first revealed
their imperial designs in Libya and Tripoli.
In 1935 they seized Abyssinia. Their goal
was the domination of all North Africa, Egypt,
parts of France, and the entire Mediterranean
world.

But the dreams of empire of the Japanese
and Fascist leaders were modest in compari-
son with the Gargantuan aspirations of Hitler
and his Nazis. Even before they came to
power in 1933, their plans for conquest had been
drawn. Those plans provided for ultimate
domination, not of any one section of the world
but of the whole earth and all the oceans on it.

With Hitler's formation of the Berlin-Rome-
Tokyo alliance, all these plans of conquest be-
came a single plan. Under this, in addition to
her own schemes of conquest, Japan's role was
to cut off our supply of weapons of war to Brit-
ain, Russia, and China — weapons which increas-
ingly were speeding the day of Hitler's doom.
The act of Japan at Pearl Harbor was intended
to stun us — to terrify us to such an extent that
we would divert our industrial and military
strength to the Pacific area or even to our own
continental defense.

The plan failed in its purpose. We have not
been stunned. We have not been terrified or
confused. This reassembling of the Seventy-
seventh Congress is proof of that ; for the mood

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

of quiet, grim resolution which here prevails
bodes ill for those who conspired and collabo-
rated to murder world-peace.

That mood is stronger than any mere desire
for revenge. It expresses the will of the Amer-
ican people to make very certain that the
world will never so suffer again.

Admittedly, we have been faced with hard
choices. It was bitter, for example, not to be
able to relieve the heroic and historic defenders
of Wake Island. It was bitter for us not to
be able to land a million men and a thousand
ships in the Philippine Islands.

But this adds only to our determination to
see to it that the Stars and Stripes will fly again
over Wake and Guam; and that the brave peo-
ple of the Philippines will be rid of Japanese
imperialism, and will live in freedom, security,
and independence.

Powerful and offensive actions must and will
be taken in proper time. The consolidation of
the United Nations' total war effort against our
common enemies is being achieved.

That is the purpose of conferences which have
been held during the past two weeks in AVash-
ington, in Moscow, and in Chungking. That is
the primary objective of the declaration of sol-
idarity signed in Washington on January 1,
1942 by 26 nations united against the Axis
powers.

Difficult choices may have to be made in the
months to come. We will not shrink from such
decisions. We and those united with us will
make those ' decisions with courage and
determination.

Plans have been laid here and in the other
capitals for coordinated and cooperative action
by all the United Nations — military action and
economic action. Already we have established
unified command of land, sea, and air forces
in the southwestern Pacific theater of war.
There will be a continuation of conferences and
consultations among military staffs, so that the
plans and operations of each will fit into a gen-
eral strategy designed to crush the enemy. We
shall not fight isolated wars — each nation going
its own way. These 26 nations are united — not
in spirit and determination alone but in the
broad conduct of the war in all its phases.

For the first time since the Japanese and the
Fascists and the Nazis started along their blood-
stained course of conquest they now face the fact
that superior forces are assembling against
them. Gone forever are the days when the
aggressors could attack and destroy their vic-
tims one by one without unity of resistance.
We of the United Nations will so dispose our
forces that we can strike at the common enemy
wherever the gi'eatest damage can be done.

The militarists in Berlin and Tokyo started
this war. But the massed, angered forces of
common humanity will finish it.

Destruction of the material and spiritual cen-
ters of civilization — this has been and still is
the purpose of Hitler and his Italian and Japa-
nese chessmen. They would wreck the power of
the British Commonwealth and Russia and
China and the Nethei-lands — and then combine
all their forces to achieve their ultimate goal,
the conquest of the United States.

They know that victory for us means victory
for freedom.

They know that victory for us means victory
for the institution of democracy — the ideal of
the family, the simple principles of common
decency and humanity.

They know that victory for us means victory
for religion.

And they could not tolerate that. The world
is too small to provide adequate "living room"
for both Hitler and God. In proof of that, the
Nazis have now announced their plan for en-
forcing their new German, pagan religion
throughout the world — the plan by which the
Holy Bible and the Cross of Mercy would be
displaced by MeinKampf and the swastika and
the naked sword.

Our own objectives are clear; the objective
of smashing the militarism imposed by war-
lords upon their enslaved peoples — -the objec-
tive of liberating the subjugated nations — the
objective of establishing and securing freedom
of speech, freedom of religion, freedom from
want, and freedom from fear everywhere in the
world.

We shall not stop short of those objectives —
nor shall we be satisfied merely to gain them
and then call it a day. I know that I speak
for the American people — and I have good rea-

JANUARY 10, 1942

son to believe I speak also for all the other
peoples who fight with us — when I say that this
time we are determined not only to win the
war but also to maintain the security of the
peace which will follow.

But modern methods of warfare make it a
task not only of shooting and fighting, but an
even more urgent one of working and producing.

Victory requires the actual weapons of war
and the means of transporting them to a dozen
points of combat.

It will not be sufficient for us and the other
United Nations to produce a slightly superior
supply of munitions to that of Germany, Japan,
Italy, and the stolen industries in the countries
which they have overrun.

The superiority of the United Nations in
munitions and ships must be overwhelming —
so overwhelming that the Axis nations can
never hope to catch up with it. In order to
attain this overwhelming superiority the United
States must build planes and tanks and guns
and ships to the utmost limit of our national
capacity. We have the ability and capacity to
produce arms not only for our own forces but
also for the armies, navies, and air forces fight-
ing on our side.

And our overwhelming superiority of arma-
ment must be adequate to put weapons of war
at the proper time into the hands of those men
in the conquered nations, who stand ready to
seize the first opportunity to revolt against their
German and Japanese oppressors, and against
the traitors in their own ranks, known by the
already infamous name of "Quislings". As we
get guns to the patriots in those lands, they
too will fire shots heard 'round the world.

This production of ours in the United States
must be raised far above its present levels, even
though it will mean the dislocation of the lives
and occupations of millions of our own people.
We must raise our sights all along the produc-
tion-line. Let no man say it cannot be done.
It must be done — and we have undertaken to
do it.

I have just sent a letter of directive to the
appropriate departments and agencies of our
Government, ordering that immediate steps be
taken :

1. To increase our production rate of air-
planes so rapidly that in this year, 1942, we
shall produce 60,000 planes, 10,000 more than
the goal set a year and a half ago. This in-
cludes 45,000 combat planes — bombers, dive-
bombers, pursuit planes. The rate of increase
will be continued, so that next year, 1943, we
shall produce 125,000 airplanes, including
100,000 combat planes.

2. To increase our production rate of tanks
so rapidly that in this year, 1942, we shall pro-
duce 45,000 tanks; and to continue that increase
so that next year, 1943, we shall produce 75,000
tanks.

8. To increase our production rate of anti-
aircraft guns so rapidly that in this year, 1942,
we shall produce 20,000 of them; and to con-
tinue that increase so that next year, 1943, we
shall produce 35,000 anti-aircraft guns.

4. To increase our production rate of mer-
chant ships so rapidly that in this year, 1942,
we shall build 8,000,000 deadweight tons as
compared with a 1941 production of 1,100,000.
We shall continue that increase so that next
year, 1943, we shall build 10,000,000 tons.

These figures and similar figures for a mul-
titude of other implements of war will give
the Japanese and Nazis a little idea of just what
they accomplished in the attack on Pearl
Harbor.

Our task is hard — our task is unprecedented —
and the time is shoi't. We must strain every
existing armament-producing facility to the
utmost. We must convert every available plant
and tool to war production. That goes all the
way from the greatest plants to the smallest —
from the huge automobile industry to tlie vil-
lage machine shop.

Production for war is based on men and
women — the human hands and brains which
collectively we call labor. Our workers stand
ready to work long hours; to turn out more in
a day's work; to keep the wheels turning and
the fires burning 24 hours a day and 7 days a
week. They realize well that on the speed and
efficiency of their work depend the lives of their
sons and their brothers on the fighting fronts.

Production for war is based on metals and
raw materials — steel, copper, rubber, aluminum,

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

zinc, tin. Greater and greater quantities of
them will have to be diverted to war purposes.
Civilian use of them will have to be cut further
and still further — and, in many cases, com-
pletely eliminated.

War costs money. So far, we have hardly
even begun to pay for it. We have devoted
only 15 percent of our national income to na-
tional defense. As will appear in my budget
message tomorrow, our war program for the
coming fiscal year will cost 56 billion dollars or,
in other words, more than one half of the esti-
mated annual national income. This means
taxes and bonds, and bonds and taxes. It
means cutting luxuries and other non-essentials.
In a word, it means an "all-out" war by indi-
vidual effort and family effort in a united
country.

Only this all-out scale of production will has-
ten the ultimate all-out victory. Speed will
count. Lost ground can always be regained —
lost time never. Speed will save lives; speed
will save this Nation which is in peril ; speed
will save our freedom and civilization — and
slowness has never been an American charac-
teristic.

As the United States goes into its full stride,
we must always be on guard against misconcep-
tions which will arise naturally or which will
be planted among us by our enemies.

We must guard against complacency. Wq
must not underrate the enemy. He is powerful
and cunning — and cruel and ruthless. He will
stop at nothing which gives him a chance to kill
and to destroy. He has trained his people to
believe that their highest perfection is achieved
by waging war. For many years he has pre-
pared for this very conflict — planning, plotting,
training, arming, fighting. We have already
tasted defeat. We may suffer further setbacks.
We must face the fact of a hard war, a long war,
a bloody war, a costly war.

We must, on the other hand, guard against
defeatism. That has been one of the chief
weapons of Hitler's propaganda machine — used
time and again with deadly results. It will not
be used successfully on the American people.

We must guard against divisions among our-
selves and among all the other United Nations.

We must be particularly vigilant against racial
discrimination in any of its ugly forms. Hitler
will try again to breed mistrust and suspicion
between one individual and another, one group
and another, one race and another, one govern-
ment and another. He will try to use the same
technique of falsehood and rumor-mongering
with which he divided France from Britain.
He is trying to do this with us even now. But
he will find a unity of will and purpose against
him, which will persevere until the destruction
of all his black designs upon the freedom and
safety of the people of the world.

We cannot wage this war in a defensive spirit.
As our power and our resources are fully mobi-
lized, we shall carry the attack against the en-
emy — we shall hit him and hit him again wher-
ever and whenever we can reach him.

We must keep him far from our shores, for
we intend to bring this battle to him on his own
home grounds.

American armed forces must be used at any
place in all the world where it seems advisable
to engage the forces of the enemy. In some
cases these operations will be defensive, in order
to protect key positions. In other cases, these
oiDerations will be offensive, in order to strike
at the common enemy, with a view to his com-
plete encirclement and eventual total defeat.

American armed forces will operate at many
points in the Far East.

American armed forces will be on all the
oceans — helping to guard the essential communi-
cations which are vital to the United Nations.

American land and air and sea forces will take
stations in the British Isles — which constitute
an essential fortress in this world struggle.

American armed forces will help to protect
this hemisphere — and also bases outside this
hemisphere which could be used for an attack
on the Americas.

If any of our enemies, from Europe or from
Asia, attempt long-range raids by "suicide"
squadrons of bombing planes, they will do so
only in the hope of terrorizing our people and
disrupting our morale. Our people are not
afraid of that. We know that we may have
to pay a heavy price for freedom. We will pay
this price with a will. Whatever the price, it

JANUARY 10, 1942

is a thousand times worth it. No matter what
our enemies in their desperation may attempt
to do to us — we will say, as the people of Lon-
don have said, "We can fake it." And what's
more, we can give it back — and we will give it
back — with compound interest.

When our enemies challenged our country to
stand up and fight, they challenged each and
every one of us. And each and every one of
us has accepted the challenge — for himself and
for the Nation.

There were only some four hundred United
States Marines who in the heroic and historic
defense of Wake Island inflicted such great
losses on the enemy. Some of those men were
killed in action; and others are now prisoners
of war. When the survivors of that great fight
are liberated and restored to their homes, they
will learn that a hundred and thirty million
of their fellow citizens have been inspired to
render their own full share of service and
sacrifice.

Our men on the fighting fronts have already
proved that Americans today are just as rugged
and just as tough as any of the heroes whose
exploits we celebrate on the Fourth of July.

Many people ask, "When will this war end" 1
There is only one answer to that. It will end
just as soon as we make it end, by our combined
efforts, our combined strength, our combined
determination to fight through and «vork
through until the end — the end of militarism
in Germany and Italy and Japan. Most cer-
tainly we shall not settle for less.

That is the spirit in which discussions have
been conducted during the visit of the British
Prime Minister to Washington. Mr. Churchill
and I understand each other, our motives and
our purposes. Together, during the past two
weeks, we have faced squarely the major mili-
tary and economic problems of this greatest
world war.

All in our Nation have been cheered by Mr.
Churchill's visit. We have been deeply stirred
by his great message to us. We wish him a safe
return to his home. He is welcome in our midst,
now and in days to come.

We are fighting on the same side with the
British people, who fought alone for long, terri-

ble months and withstood the enemy with forti-
tude and tenacity and skill.

We are fighting on the same side with the
Russian people who have seen the Nazi hordes
swarm up to the very gates of Moscow and who,
with almost superhuman will and courage, have
forced the invaders back into retreat.

We are fighting on the same side as the brave
people of China who for four and a half long
years have withstood bombs and starvation and
have whipped the invaders time and again in
spite of superior Japanese equipment and arms.

We are fighting on the same side as the in-
domitable Dutch.

We are fighting on the same side as all the
other governments in exile, whom Hitler and all
his armies and all his Gestapo have not been
able to conquer.

But we of the United Nations are not making
all this sacrifice of human effort and human
lives to return to the kind of world we had after
the last world war.

We are fighting today for security, for prog-
ress, and for peace, not only for ourselves but
for all men, not only for one generation but for
all generations. We are fighting to cleanse the
world of ancient evils, ancient ills.

Our enemies are guided by brutal cynicism, by
unholy contempt for the human race. We are
inspired by a faith which goes back through all
the years to the first chapter of the Book of
Genesis : "God created man in His own image".

We on our side are striving to be true to that
divine heritage. We are fighting, as our fa-
thers have fought, to uphold the doctrine that
all men are equal in the sight of God. Those on
the other side are striving to destroy this deep
belief and to create a world in their own image —
a world of tyranny and cruelty and serfdom.

That is the conflict that day and night now
pervades our lives. No compromise can end
that conflict. There never has been — there
never can be — successful compromise between
good and evil. Only total victory can reward
the champions of tolerance and decency and
freedom and faith.

Franklin D Roosevelt

The White House,
Jatmary 6, 19^.

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

LEND-LEASE AID: CZECHOSLOVAKIA

[Released to the press January 5]

The President today addressed to the Honor-
able E. E. Stettinius, Jr., Administrator, Office
of Lend-Lease Administration, a letter, the
test of which follows:

"For purposes of implementing the authority
conferred upon you as Lend-Lease Adminis-
trator by Executive Order No. 8926, dated Oc-
tober 28, 1941, and in order to enable you to
arrange for Lend-Lease aid to the Provisional
Government of Czechoslovakia, I hereby find
that the defense of the Provisional Govern-

ment of Czechoslovakia is vital to the defense
of the United States."

ADHERENCES TO DECLARATION BY
UNITED NATIONS

[Released to the press January 5]

In order that liberty-loving peoples silenced
by military force may have an opportunity to
support the principles of the Declaration by
United Nations, the Government of the United
States, as the depository for that Declaration,
will receive statements of adherence to its prin-
ciples from appropriate authorities which are
not governments.

PROTECTION OF OFFICIALS AND NATIONALS OF COUNTRIES AT WAR

AMERICANS IN THE FAR EAST

[Released to the press January 7]

The American Consul at Foochow, Mr. Ed-
ward E. Rice, reported on January 3, 1941 to
the Embassy at Chungking that he had received
information, believed to be reliable, to the
effect that on December 8, 1941 the Japanese
landed on the island of Kulangsu, where most
of the foreign residents of Amoy have their
homes, and placed American and British na-
tionals under custody for several days in the
Japanese Poai Hospital; that on their release
they were given distinguishing armbands to
wear and were permitted to move about on
the island, but not to leave it; that Chinese
and British banks, some of which were re-
ported to have sent most of their cash to Hong
Kong, were allowed to open for limited busi-
ness; and that the Municipal Council of the
International Settlement on Kulangsu was con-
tinuing to function under Japanese control.

The Swiss Legation at Tokyo, in a telegram
to the Swiss Foreign Office, dated December 31,
1941, reported that it had established contact
with the former American consular offices at
Tokyo, Yokohama, Kobe, and Osaka; that the
personnel of those offices are under police con-
trol ; and that they are in good health and have
no complaints to make as to their living
conditions.

[Released to the press January 8]

The following information concerning the
status of American nationals in Indochina has
just been made available to the Department
through the French authorities at Vichy.

The former American Consul at Saigon, Mr.
Sidney H. Browne, is confined to his residence
in Saigon. Mr. Oliver Edmund Clubb, of
South St. Paul, Minn., former American Con-
sul detailed to Hanoi, is still in that city, where
he is confined in a villa which has been espe-
cially rented for him by the Governor-General
of Indochina.

Mr. Relman Morin, of Los Ajigeles, Calif.,
correspondent of the Associated Press, is con-
fined to the residence of the British Consul
Genera] at Saigon.

All other American nationals, including Fili-
pinos, who have resided in Indochina for 15
years are at liberty. Among such Americans
are a number of missionaries and Miss Iris
Johnston, of Ritzville, Wash., secretary at the
American Consulate at Saigon, and Miss Caro-
lyn C. Jacobs, of Kansas City, Mo., also secre-
tary at the American Consulate at Saigon,
temporarily detailed to Hanoi.

JANUARY 10, 19 42

MESSAGE OF SOLIDARITY FROM
NORTHERN IRELAND

(Released to the press January 9]

The Department has been informed by the
American Ambassador at London that he has
received the following communication dated
January 4, 1942, from the Secretary of State for
Foreign Affairs of Great Britain :

"My dear Ambassador :

"The Speaker of the House of Commons of
Northern Ireland has asked me to forward to
you the following message from the House of
Commons of Northern Ireland to the Govern-
ment of the United States:

" 'This House, on behalf of the people of
Ulster, tenders its sincere sympathy to the Pres-
ident, Government, and people of the United
States of America in connection with the vicious
and treacherous attack made on them by Japan,
and pledges itself to support, by every means
in its power, the war effort until Japan and her
allies are overthrown. The House also thanks
the United States of America for their great
assistance in the past, and feels proud and hon-
oured that among the citizens of the United
States of America there are millions of our
kinsmen who helped in no small way to shape
the destinies of the great republic'

"The Speaker has asked me to say that the
message will be entered on the records of the
House in the form, 'the House agreed to the
message nemine contradicente' .
"Yours sincerely,

Anthont Eden."

On January 8, 1942, the Secretary of State
instructed Mr. Winant to request Mr. Eden to
transmit the following message to the Speaker
of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland :

"My Government deeply appreciates the mes-
sage of solidarity which you have kindly for-
warded. The American people will be encour-
aged in the effort which they have now
wholeheartedly undertaken by the example of

those who have fought so valiantly, as have
the people of Northern Ireland, for twenty-
eight months against our common enemy.

CoRDELL Hull"

SEVERANCE OF RELATIONS BY VENE-
ZUELA WITH GERMANY, ITALY, AND
JAPAN

[Released to the press January 5]

The text of a telegram dated January 3, 1942,
from the President of the United States to the
President of Venezuela, His Excellency Gen-
eral IsAiAs Medina Angarita, follows:

"The action of your Government in breaking
off diplomatic relations with Germany, Italy
and Japan has been warmly appreciated by the
people of the United States as a convincing and
welcome demonstration of the position of
Venezuela in the conflict with which free peo-
ples the world over are confronted. Under your
leadership, the Venezuelan nation has again
taken its stand in support of those principles
of continental solidarity so eloquently set forth
by Simon Bolivar over a century ago.

"I take this opportunity of extending to you
my cordial wishes for the coming year.

Franklin I) Roosevelt"

On January 3, 1942 the Secretary of State
also sent the following message to the Minister
of Foreign Affairs of Venezuela, His Excel-
lency Dr. Caracciolo Parra Perez :

"The Venezuelan Ambassador in Washing-
ton, Dr. Diogenes Escalante, has informed me
of the action of your Government in severing
relations with Germany, Italy and Japan. This
further indication of Venezuela's firm adher-
ence to those principles of inter-American soli-
darity in the formulation of whicli you played
so prominent a part at Buenos Aires in 1936
is most heartening to me and to my Govern-
ment. I am delighted to know that you will
attend the Meeting of Foreign Ministers at Rio
and that Mr. Welles will have the privilege of
again working with you.

Cordell Hull."

General

BUDGET RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE, 1943

The budget for 1943,^ sent by the President
to the Congress on January 5, 1942, describes
the recommendations for the Department of
State as follows:

"Department of State

"The estimates of the Department of State
for the fiscal year 1943, exclusive of construc-
tion projects and trust accounts, amount to
$26,159,480, a net increase of $3,229,798 over the
comparable appropriations for the fiscal year
1942. This net increase is made up as follows :
$1,497,095 for the Office of the Secretary of
State; $600,000 for national defense activities;
$54,700 for the Foreign Service ; and $1,078,003
for international obligations, coiimiissions,
bureaus, etc.

"The net increase of $1,497,095 in the esti-
mates for the Office of the Secretary of State
consists of $1,133,740 for personal services,
$13,400 for contingent expenses, $49,100 for
printing and binding, $655 for passport agen-
cies, and $200 for collecting and editing official
papers of territories of the United States.

"The $600,000 net increase in national defense
activities is to provide funds for an increased
number of specialists and technical assistants
in the Foreign Service necessary in connection
with emergency problems caused by the war.

"The net increase of $54,700 for the Foreign
Service consists of increases in certain appro-
priations amounting to $114,200, which amount
is offset by decreases in other appropriations
amounting to $59,500. The principal items of
increase are $66,100 for automatic promotions
of Foreign Service officers as authorized by

'^ The Budget of the United States' Oovernment tor
the Fiscal Year Ending June 30, 1943. H.Doc. 528, 77th
Cong., 2d sess. 1172 pp.
46

law ; $30,000 for promotions of Foreign Service
clerks; $9,000 to adjust salaries of certain mis-
cellaneous employees more nearly in line with
local wage standards; and $9,100 for the For-
eign Service retirement and disability appro-
priated fund. The principal items of decrease
are $38,000 and $13,000 for office and living
quarters allowances and representation allow-
ances, respectively. These decreases are made
possible largely because several embassies and
a large number of consulates in Axis-controlled
countries have been closed.

"The net increase of $1,078,003 in interna-
tional obligations, commissions, bureaus, etc.,
is composed of increases in certain appropria-
tions amounting to $1,165,023, offset by de-
creases in other appropriations amounting to
$87,020. The principal items of increase are
$41,800 for the International Boundary Com-
mission, United States and Mexico, to provide
largely for operation and maintenance of the
Mesilla Valley Division of the Rio Grande
Canalization project; and $1,119,200 for Co-
operation With the American Republics to
provide for rubber investigations and surveys
of other noncompetitive plant resources, the
development of vital statistics of the Western
Hemisphere, radiosonde observation stations in
Mexico, investigation of strategic and deficient
minerals, translating and disseminating Gov-
ernment publications to the other American
Republics, and travel grants for students, pro-
fessors, and educational and artistic leaders
who are citizens of the United States and the
other American Republics. The principal
items of decrease are $17,920 in contributions
to international organizations located in Axis-
controlled areas from whom satisfactory re-
ports of activity are not being received; $11,600
for special and technical investigations by the

JANUARY 10, 1942

International Joint Commission in the use of
boundary waters between the United States and
Canada; and $57,500 in appropriations for
various international commissions, conferences,
and miscellaneous items, which will not be
required for the fiscal year 1943.

"The expenditures from trust accounts for
the fiscal year 1943 are estimated at $2,820,980,
an increase of $4,100 over the fiscal year 1942."

^'■Foreign Service Pay Adjustment

"The estimate for the fiscal year 1943 of
$1,350,000 is an increase of $375,000 over the
appropriation for the fiscal year 1942. This is
brought about by reason of increases in the as-
signment of personnel to foreign countries
whose currency has appreciated in relation to
the American dollar."

'•'■Department of State, Public Works

"The estimates of public works appropria-
tions of the Department of State for the fiscal
year 1943 amount to $1,273,000, a decrease of
$598,500 from the 1942 appropriations.

"The 1943 estimates provide $233,000 for pub-
lic buildings for diplomatic and consular estab-
lishments abroad, a decrease of $217,000. The
principal building projects to be constructed in
1943 will be located in the other American re-
publics and Australia. The estimates provide
$950,000 for continuing construction of the
Lower Rio Grande flood-control project, the
same amount that was appropriated for 1942.
An estimate of $90,000 is included for the con-
struction of the United States portion of the
Douglas -Agua Prieta sanitation project at
Douglas, Ariz."

American Republics

ELEVATION OF LEGATIONS TO RANK OF EMBASSY

BOLIVIA

[Released to the press January 4]

The Government of Bolivia and the Govern-
ment of the United States announced on Jan-
uary 4 that arrangements have been made to
i-aise the Legation of Bolivia in the United
States and the Legation of the United States in
Bolivia to the rank of Embassy. The change
in status will become effective in each country
upon the presentation there of the letters of
credence of the first Ambassador from the other
country.

The exchange of Ambassadors by Bolivia and
the United States gives formal recognition to
the steady strengthening of the bonds of friend-
ship, culture, and commerce between the two
countries and the increasing significance of their
traditionally cordial relations.

ECUADOR

[Released to the press January 4]

The Government of Ecuador and the Govern-
ment of the United States announced on Jan-
uary 4 that arrangements have been made to
raise the Legation of the United States in
Ecuador to the rank of Embassy and to main-
tain the Embassy of Ecuador in the United
States permanently as an Embassy.

The exchange of Ambassadors by Ecuador
and the United States gives formal recognition
to the inci'eased importance of the very coop-
erative relations and the steady growth of the
cordial bonds of culture and commerce that
have long linked the two countries.

His Excellency Capt. Colon Eloy Alfaro has
been accredited to the Government of the
United States as Ambassador Extraordinary

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

and Plenipotentiary of Ecuador since Septem-
ber 17, 1936, at which time he was given ambas-
sadorial rank for the duration of boundary
negotiations between the Governments of Ecua-
dor and Peru.

PARAGUAY

[Released to the press January 4]

The Government of Paraguay and the Gov-
ernment of the United States announced on
January 4 that arrangements have been made
to raise the Legation of Paraguay in the
United States and the Legation of the United
States in Paraguay to the rank of Embassy.
The change in status will become effective in
each country upon the presentation there of
the letters of credence of the first Ambassador
from the other country.

The traditionally friendly relations between
Paraguay and the United States and the com-
mercial and cultural relations between the two
countries have become increasingly significant
in recent years, and it has now become desirable
to give formal recognition to the importance
of these developments by the exchange of
Ambassadors.

International Conferences,
Commissions, Etc.

FIRST PAN AMERICAN CONGRESS OF
MINING ENGINEERING AND GEOLOGY

[Released to the press January 8]

This Government has accepted the invitation
of the Chilean Government to be I'epresented
at the First Pan American Congress of Mining
Engineering and Geology, which will hold its
business sessions fi-om January 14 to January
25, 1942, at Santiago, Chile, and the President
has approved the designation of the following
persons as official delegates of the United States
of America :

D. F. Hewett, Geologist In Charge, Section of Metal-
liferous Deposits, Geological Survey, Department
of the Interior

Elmer W. Pehrson, Chief, Economics and Statistics

Branch, Bureau of Mines, Department of the

Interior
C. W. Wright, Director, Minerals Division, Office of

the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs, Office

for Emergency Management

The principal topics on the agenda of the
meeting are: Mining; geology; fuels; ore dress-
ing and ore concentration; metallurgy; nitrate;
mining policy, legislation, and economy; and
mining education.

The Foreign Service

RESIGNATION
OF JOHN VAN A. MACMURRAY

[Released to the press January 7]

The following statement has been made by
the Secretary of State:

"In view of Mr. MacMurray's long experience
in both the Far East and Near East, the Presi-
dent is accepting his resignation as American
Ambassador to Turkey in order to avail him-
self of Mr. MacMurray's services here in Wash-
ington upon the expiration of his present leave
of absence."

PERSONNEL CHANGES

[Released to the press January 10]

The following changes have occurred in the
Foreign Service since January 3, 1942 :

Charles W. Adair, Jr., of Xenia, Ohio, who
has been assigned to the Foreign Service School
since November 3, 1941, has been assigned as
Vice Consul at Bombay, India.

Daniel V. Anderson, of Dover, Del., Third
Secretary of Embassy and Vice Consul at Bo-
gota, Colombia, has been designated Second
Secretary of Embassy and Vice Consul at Bo-
gota, Colombia, and will serve in dual capacity.

Walworth Barbour, of Lexington, Mass., for-
merly Second Secretary of Legation and Vice
Consul at Sofia, Bulgaria, has been designated
Third Secretary of Legation and Vice Consul
at Cairo, Egypt, and will serve in dual capacity.

JANUARY 10, 1942

Jacob D. Beam, of Princeton, N. J., Third
Secretary of Embassy and Vice Consul at Lon-
don, England, has been designated Second Sec-
retary of Embassy and Vice Consul at London,
England, and will serve in dual capacity.

Donald F. Bigelow, of St. Paul, Minn., Sec-
ond Secretary of Legation at Bern, Switzerland,
has been designated First Secretary of Lega-
tion at Bern, Switzerland.

William L. Brewster, of Brownsville, Tex.,
Vice Consul at Torreon, Coahuila, Mexico, has
been appointed Vice Consul at La Paz, Baja
California, Mexico.

Kobert L. Buell, of Rochester, N. Y., Consul
at Singapore, Straits Settlements, has been as-
signed as Consul at Rangoon, Burma.

John Willard Carrigan, of San Francisco,
Calif., Third Secretary of Embassy and Vice
Consul at Mexico, D.F., Mexico, has been des-
ignated Second Secretary of Embassy and Vice
Consul at Mexico, D.F., Mexico, and will serve
in dual capacity.

Selden Chapin, of Erie, Pa., First Secretary
of Embassy and Consul at Montevideo, Uru-
guay, has been assigned for duty in the De-
partment of State.

Bernard C. Connelly, of Rock Island, 111.,
Third Secretary of Embassy and Vice Consul at
Lima, Peru, has been designated Second Secre-
tary of Embassy and Vice Consul at Lima, Peru,
and will serve in dual capacity.

Albert John Cope, Jr., of Salt Lake City,
Utah, Vice Consul at Lisbon, Portugal, has been
appointed Vice Consul at Tijuana, Baja Cali-
fornia, Mexico.

William H. Cordell, of Ward, Ark., Vice
Consul at Lisbon, Portugal, has been designated
Third Secretary of Embassy and Vice Consul
at Madrid, Spain, and will serve in dual
capacity.

Earl T. Crain, of Huntsville, 111., Third
Secretary of Embassy and Vice Consul at
Madrid, Spain, has been designated Second
Secretary of Embassy and Vice Consul at
Madrid, Spain, and will serve in dual capacity.

Allan Dawson, of Des Moines, Iowa, Second
Secretary of Legation and Consul at La Paz,
Bolivia, has been designated First Secretary of

Legation and Consul at La Paz, Bolivia, and
will serve in dual capacity.

Andrew E. Donovan, 2d, of San Francisco,
Calif., Third Secretary of Embassy and Vice
Consul at Bogota, Colombia, has been designated
Second Secretary of Embassy and Vice Consul
at Bogota, Colombia, and will serve in dual
capacity.

W. William Duff, of New Castle, Pa., who
has been assigned to the Foreign Service School
since November 3, 1941, has been assigned as
Vice Consul at Calcutta, India.

Dudley G. Dwyre, of Fort Collins, Colo., First
Secretary of Legation at Guatemala, Guate-
mala, has been designated First Secretary of
Embassy and Consul General at Montevideo,
Uruguay, and will serve in dual capacity.

C. Burke Elbrick, of Louisville, Ky., Third
Secretary of Legation at Lisbon, Portugal, has
been designated Second Secretary of Legation
at Lisbon, Portugal.

John A. Embry, of Dade City, Fla., Assistant
Commercial Attache at Cairo, Egypt, has been
designated Commercial Attache at La Paz,
Bolivia.

C. Vaughan Ferguson, Jr., of Schenectady,
N. Y., who has been assigned to the Foreign
Service School since November 3, 1941, has been
designated Third Secretary of Legation and
Vice Consul at Tehran, Iran, and will serve in
dual capacity.

John C. Fuess, of Andover, Mass., now serving
in the Department of State, has been assigned
as Vice Consul at Belfast, Northern Ireland.

The assignment of Paul S. Guinn, of Cata-
wissa, Pa., as Consul at Batavia, Java, Nether-
lands Indies, has been canceled. In lieu thereof,
Mr. Guinn has been assigned as Consul at
Caracas, Venezuela.

J. Brock Havron, of Wliitwell, Tenn., Vice
Consul at Acapulco de Juarez, Guerrero, Mex-
ico, has been appointed Vice Consul at St.
John's, Newfoundland.

Theodore J. Hohenthal, of Bex'keley, Calif.,
formerly Vice Consul at Vienna, Germany, has
been assigned for duty in the Department of
State.

Douglas Jenkins, Jr., of Charleston, S. C,
Third Secretary of Legation and Vice Consul

at Stockholm, Sweden, has been designated
Second Secretary of Legation and Vice Consul
at Stockholm, Sweden, and will serve in dual
capacity.

Henry P. Leverich, of Montclair, N. J., Third
Secretary of Legation at Lisbon, Portugal, has
been designated Second Secretary of Legation
at Lisbon, Portugal.

E. Allan Lightner, Jr., of Mountain Lakes,
N. J., Third Secretary of Embassy and Vice
Consul at Moscow, U.S.S.R., has been desig-
nated Third Secretary of Legation and Vice
Consul at Stockholm, Sweden, and will serve
in dual capacity.

John G. Oliver, of Laredo, Tex., Vice Consul
at Tampico, Tamaulipas, Mexico, has been
appointed Vice Consul at Guaymas, Sonora,
Mexico.

John Peabody Palmer, of Seattle, "Wash.,
Third Secretary of Embassy and Vice Consul
at London, England, has been designated Sec-
ond Seci-etary of Embassy and Vice Consul at
Londcm, England, and will serve in dual
capacity.

Paul J. Eeveley, of East Haven, Conn., Third
Secretary of Embassy and Vice Consul at Lon-
don, England, has been designated Second
Secretary of Embassy and Vice Consul at Lon-
don, England, and will serve in dual capacity.
Harry H. Schwartz, of Los Angeles, Calif.,
who has been assigned to the Foreign Service
School since November 3, 1941, has been desig-
nated Third Secretary of Legation and Vice
Consul at Tangier, Morocco, and will serve in
dual capacity.

Bromley K. Smith, of San Diego, Calif., who
has been assigned to the Foreign Service School
since November 3, 1941, has been designated
Third Secretary of Legation and Vice Consul
at La Paz, Bolivia, and will serve in dual
capacity.

E. Talbot Smith, of Hartford, Conn., Consul
at Nairobi, Kenya, East Africa, has been as-
signed Consul at Asmara, Eritrea, where an
American Consulate will be established.

Byron B. Snyder, of Los Angeles, Calif., who
has been assigned to the Foreign Service School

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

since November 3, 1941, has been assigned for
duty in the Department of State.

Francis L. Spalding, of Brookline, Mass.,
Third Secretary of Legation and Vice Consul
at Cairo, Egypt, has been designated Second I

Secretary of Legation and Vice Consul at Cairo, '

Egypt, and will serve in dual capacity.

Henry E. Stebbins, of Milton, Mass., Third
Secretary of Embassy and Vice Consul at Lon-
don, England, has been designated Second Sec-
retar}' of Embassy and Vice Consul at London,
England, and will serve in dual capacity.

Robert B. Streeper, of Columbus, Ohio, Con-
sul at Penang, Straits Settlements, has been
assigned Consul at Rangoon, Burma.

William C. Trimble, of Baltimore, Md., Third
Secretary of Embassy and Vice Consul at Mex-
ico, D.F., Mexico, has been designated Second
Secretary of Embassy and Vice Consul at
Mexico, D.F., Mexico, and will, serve in dual
capacity.

Eugene T. Turley, of McNary, Arizona, Vice
Consul of La Paz. Baja California, Mexico, has
been appointed Vice Consul at Torreon, Coa-
huila, Mexico.

John W. Tuthill, of Cambridge, IMass., who
has been assigned to the Foreign Service School
since November 3, 1941, has been assigned as
Vice Consul at Mazatlan, Sinaloa, Mexico.

J. Kittredge Vinson, of Houston, Tex., who
has been assigned to the Foreign Service School
since November 3, 1911, has been assigned as
Vice Consul at Rangoon, Burma.

Andrew B. Wardlaw, of Greenville, S. C,
who has been assigned to the Foreign Service
School since November 3, 1941, has been
assigned as Vice Consul at Barranquilla,
Colombia.

Harold L. Williamson, of Chicago, 111., Con-
sul General at Guatemala, Guatemala, has been
designated First Secretary of Legation at
Guatemala, Guatemala.

Evan M. Wilson, of Haverford, Pa., Third
Secretary of Legation and Vice Consul at
Cairo, Egypt, has been designated Third Sec-
retary of Embassy and Vice Consul at Mexico,
D.F., Mexico, and will serve in dual capacity.

JANUARY 10, 1942

Francis M. Withey, of Reed City, Mich., Vice
Consul at Tampico, Tamaulipas, Mexico, has
been appointed Vice Consul at Salina Cruz,
Oaxaca, Mexico, where an American Vice Con-
sulate will be established.

Treaty Information

Compiled in the Treaty Division

SOVEREIGNTY

Convention on the Provisional Administration
of European Colonies and Possessions in the
Americas

Ecitador

By a letter dated January 5, 1942 the Director
General of the Pan American Union informed
the Secretary of State that the instrument of
ratification by Ecuador of the Convention on
the Provisional Administration of European
Colonies and Possessions in the Americas,
signed at Habana on July 30, 1940, was depos-
ited with the Union on December 27, 1941. The
instrument of ratification is dated October 23,
1941.

Regulations

Export Control Schedule 27 [covering, effective January
2, 1942, the forms, conversions, and derivatives of
petroleum products (item 1, Proclamation 2417) as
listed in Export Control Schedule 15]. January 3,
1942. (Board of Economic Warfare.) 7 Federal
Register 113.

[Export Control :] delegation of authority regarding
requisitioning and disposal of property. January 3,
1W2. (Board of Economic Warfare.) 7 Federal
Register 148.

Publications

Department of State

Relief From Douhle Income Tax on Shipping Profits:
Arrangement Between the United States of America
and Panama — Effected by exchanges of notes signed
January 15, February 8, and March 28, 1941. Execu-
tive Agreement Series 221. Publication 1673. 5 pp.

Other Gov-ernment Agencies

Revision of prorations of quota for foreign countries
other than Cuba. Sept. 20, 1941. 1 p. (Agricul-
ture Department, Agricultural Adjustment Admin-
istration, Sugar Division.) Free.

Economic conditions in Venezuela in 1940. 6 pp.
[International reference service, vol. I, no. 63, Octo-
ber 1941.] (Commerce Department, Bureau of For-
eign and Domestic Commerce.) 50.

Development of "good neighbor" policy, March 1933-
April 1941. 97 pp., processed. [Bulletin 7; public-
affairs bulletins prepared for use of Congress.]
(Library of Congress, Legislative Reference Service.)
Free.

Bolivia [foreign trade of Bolivia for 1938 aud 1939].
13 pp. [Foreign trade series no. 192.] (Pan Ameri-
can Union.) 50.

Legislation

An Act To provide for the prompt settlement of claims
for damages occasioned by Army, Navy, and Marine
Corps forces in foreign countries. [S. 1904] (Public
Law 393, 77th Cong., 1st sess.) Approved January
2, 1942. 1 p.

Relief of Certain Basque Aliens. (H. Rept. 1558, 77th
Cong., 2d sess., on S. 314.) 3 pp.

Inter American Statistical Institute. (H. Rept. 1572,
77th Cong., 2d sess., on H.J. Res. 219.) 4 pp.

Inter-American Statistical Institute. (S. Rept. 946,
77th Cong., 2d sess., on S.J. Res. 96.) 4 pp.

To Amend the Nationality Act of 1940 : Hearings before
the Committee on Immigration and Naturalization,
House of Representatives, 77th Cong., 1st sess., and
supplementary hearing, 77th Cong., 2d sess., on H.R.
6250, a bill to amend the Nationality Act of 1940.
January 7, 1042. iv, 37 pp.

For sale by the Superintendent of Docum3nts. Washington, D. C. — Price, 10 cents - - - - Subscription price, $2.75 a year

PDBLISHED WEEKLY WITH THE APPROVAL OP THE DIEECTOE OF THE BCEEAD OF THE BDDGET

THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE

BULLETIN

ontents

JANUARY 17, 1942
Vol. VI, No. 134— Publication 1685

The War

Page

Third Meeting of Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the
American Republics: Address by the Under Sec-
retary of State .55

Busmess Works To Wm the War: Address by Assistant

Secretary Berle 63

Americans in the Far East 66

Itahan, Rumanian, and Bulgarian officials in the

United States 66

Alien enemies 66

Proclaimed List of Certain Blocked Nationals, Sup-
plement 7 67

American Republics

Joint Mexican - United States Defense Commission . 67
Inter- American Development Commission: Cuba, Do-
minican Republic, Haiti, and Mexico 68

Cultural Relations

Gift of books to English Center in Ecuador 69

Roosevelt Fellowship program 69

Visit of distinguished educator from Chile 70

The Department

Appointment of officers 70

The Foreign Service

Personnel changes ,^ 70

Treaty Information

Commerce: Inter- American Coffee Agreement .... 71

Sovereignty: Convention on Provisional Admmistra-
tion of Em'opean Colonies and Possessions m the

Americas 72

Transit: Exchange of Notes With Costa Rica Regarding

Inter-American Highway 72

Legislation 74

Publications 74

": S. SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS
JAN 30 1942

The War

THIRD MEETING OF MINISTERS OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF THE
AMERICAN REPUBLICS

ADDRESS BY THE UNDER SECRETARY OF STATE '

I Released to the press January 15]

The peoples of the Americas face today the
greatest danger which they have ever confronted
since they won their independence.

We are meeting together under the terms, and
in the spirit, of inter- American agreements to
take counsel as to the course which our govern-
ments should take mider the shadow of this dire
threat to our continued existence as free peoples.

"We meet as the representatives of nations
whfch in former times have had their differences
and controversies. But I believe that I may
speak for all of us, and not least in the name of
mj' own Government, when I say that we all of
us have learned by our past errors of omission
and of commission. We are assembled as rep-
resentatives of the 21 sovereign and independent
republics of the American Continent, now
welded together as no continent has ever before
been united in history, by our faith in the ties
of mutual trust and of reciprocal interdepen-
dence which bind us and, most of all, by our
common devotion to the great cause of democ-
racy and of human liberty to which our New
World is dedicated.

The calamity which has now engulfed hu-
manity was not unforeseen by any of us.

Just five years ago, at the Inter-American
Conference for the Maintenance of Peace, of
Buenos Aires, we met because of the clear signs
that the earth would be engulfed by the tidal

' Delivered by Mr. Welles, who is United States repre-
sentative, on January 15, 1942 at the opening session of
the Meeting at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

wave of a world-wide war. By common accord
we determined upon measures indispensable to
our common security. At the Inter-American
Conference at Lima further measures were
taken. After the war broke out, at the meet-
ings of the Foreign Ministers at Panama and
Habana, the American republics adopted addi-
tional far-reaching measures of protection and
of cooperation for their common safety.

We were thus in many ways prepared for that
eventuality from which we then still hoped we
might be spared — the involvement of the Amer-
icas in the war which has been forced upon man-
kind by Hitlerism.

I regard it as my obligation here on behalf
of my Government to inform you with complete
frankness of the course which it had pursued
up to the time when, on Sunday, December 7,
my country was suddenly attacked by means
of an act of treachery that will never be for-
gotten by the people of the United States, nor,
I believe, by the people of any of the other
American republics.

My Government was never blind to the ulti-
mate purposes and objectives of Hitlerism. It
long since realized that Hitler had formulated
his plans to conquer the entire world. These
plans, the plans of a criminal paranoiac, were
conceived before he had even seized power in
Germany. They have been carried out step
by step, first through guile and deceit, later by
fire and sword. No evil has been too monstrous
for him. No infamy has been too vile for him
to perpetrate.

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

Time and again, as you all know, the Presi-
dent of the United States, with your knowledge
and with your approval, made every effort in
earlier years by fervent appeal and by con-
structive and just proposal to avert the final
holocaust.

All of us learned a bitter lesson in those years
between 1936 and 1941.

We learned by the tragic experience of others,
that all of those standards of international de-
cency and of international law, upon which the
hopes of a law-abiding and a peaceful world
were based, were utterly disregarded by Hitler
and by his ignominious satellites.

Those free nations who sought ingenuously,
by the very imiocence of their conduct and by
the very completeness of their neutrality, to
maintain at least the shadow of their indepen-
dence were occupied more promptly and rav-
aged more cruelly than those who resisted the
attack of Hitler's armies.

We have been taught this lesson, which it took
all of us a long time to learn, that in the world
of today, confronted by Hitlerism and all of the
black reversion to barbarism which that evil
word implies, no nation can hope to maintain its
own independence and no people can hope to
maintain its liberty, except through the power
of armed might and through the courage and
devotion of men and women in many lands and
of many races, but wdio all of them love liberty
more than life itself.

The people of the United States learned that
lesson.

And for that reason, because of their deter-
mination to defend their country and to safe-
guard the security of our common continent,
they determined to lend every form of assist-
ance to that gallant band of nations who against
great odds continued nevertheless to defend
their own liberties.

We had learned our lesson so clearly that we
saw that the defense by these peoples of their
independence constituted likewise the defense of
our own independence and of that of the West-
ern Hemisphere.

Then suddenly, last June, Hitler, distraught
by the realization that he could no longer at-

tempt successfully to invade Great Britain, bub
intoxicated by the easy victories which he had
achieved in other parts of Europe, perfidiously
attacked the Soviet Union with which he had
only recently entered into a pact of non-
aggression.

"Whom the gods would destroy, they first
make mad."

Many months ago Japan entered into the Tri-
partite Pact with Germany and Italy. My Gov-
ernment learned that this arrangement, which
made of Japan the submissive tool of Hitler, for
the primary purpose of j^reventing the United
States from continuing to give assistance to
Great Britain, was not supported by certain
elements in Japan. These elements clearly fore-
saw the ultimate destruction of Japan if the
Japanese Government dared to embark upon an
adventure which would ultimately bring Japan
into conflict with all of the other powers which
had direct interests in the western Pacific.

These elements in Japan also realized that,
while Hitler had been able to inveigle the war
lords in control of the Japanese Government
into believing that should Japan carry out Ger-
man orders, and were the Western democracies
defeated, Germany would permit Japan to con-
trol the Far East, Hitler would of course take
her spoils from Japan whenever he saw fit.

My Government sought over a period of more
than ten months to negotiate with Japan a
peaceful and equitable adjustment of differ-
ences between the two countries so as to prevent
the outbreak of war in the Pacific.

The United States, however, utterly refused
to agree to any settlement which would infringe
upon the independence or the legitimate rights
of the people of China, who for four and a half
years had been bravely and successfully resist-
ing every effort on the part of Japan to conquer
their ancient land. Nor would the United
States agree to any proposal offered by the Jap-
anese Government which would contravene
those basic principles of right and justice for
which, I am proud to say, my country stands.

We now know that at the very time that the
present Japanese Government was carrying on,
at its own urgent request, the pretense of con-

JANUARY 17, 194 2

ducting peaceful negotiations with the United
States for the purpose of reaching a settlement
which would have averted war, every plan in
its uttermost detail had already been made to
attack my country's territory.

During those last two weeks before December
7, when Japan's notorious peace emissary was
protesting to my Government that his country
desired nothing except peace and profitable com-
mercial relations with the United States, the
airplane carriers were already on their way to
Pearl Harbor to launch their dastardly attack
upon the United States Navy.

The Japanese war lords, under the orders of
their German masters, adopting the same meth-
ods of deceit and treachery which Hitler has
made a stench in the nostrils of civilized man-
kind, while peace negotiations were actually
still in progress in Washington, suddenly at-
tacked a country which had been Japan's friend
and which had made every honorable effort to
find a basis for a just and lasting peace in the
Pacific.

A few days later Germany and her satellites
declared war upon the United States.

And so war has been forced upon some of us
in the American Continent.

The greatest assurance that our great asso-
ciation of sovereign and independent peoples,
the American family of nations, can survive
this world upheaval safely lies in the unity with
which we face the common peril.

Some of us by our own power, by our own re-
soui'ces, by the extent of our population, are able
successfully beyond the shadow of a doubt to
defend ourselves. Others of us who do not pos-
sess these material advantages, equal though
they be in their courage and in their determina-
tion to resist aggression, must depend for their
continued security upon the cooperption which
other members of the American family may give
them. The only assured safety which this con-
tinent possesses lies in full cooperation between
us all in the common defense; equal and sov-
ereign partners in times of aggression as in
times of peace.

The record of the past two years is ever be-
fore us. You and I know that had there ex-

isted during the past decade an international
order based upon law, and with the capacity to
enforce such law, the earth today would not be
subjected to the cruel scourge which is now
ravaging the entire globe. Had the law-abid-
ing and peaceful nations of Europe been willing
to stand together when the menace of Hitlerism
first began to become manifest. Hitler would
never have dared to embark upon his evil co-.u-se.
It was solely because of the fact t!iat these na-
tions, instead of standing together, permitted
themselves to hold aloof one from the other and
placed their hope of salvation in their own neu-
trality, that Hitler was enabled to overrun them
one by one as time and circumstances made it
expedient for him.

The security of the three hundred millions of
people who inhabit the Western Hemisphere
and the independence of each of the countries
here represented will be determined by whether
the American nations stand together in this
hour of peril, or whether they stand apart one
from the other.

I am fully aware of what the representa-
tives of the Axis Powers have been stating to
some of you, day in and day out during the
past months. I know that Hitler's representa-
tives have said to some of you that Germany
has not the slightest thought of dominating
the Western Hemisphere. All that Germany
wants, they have told you, is complete domina-
tion over every part of Europe, of Africa, and
of the Near East, the destruction of the British
Empire, the enslavement of the Eussian people,
the overlordship of the Far East, and when this
is accomplished, only friendship and peaceful
trade with the Americas.

But Hitler's representatives have omitted to
mention that in such a fateful contingency we
would all of us then also be living in a Hitler-
dominated world.

You may remember that a few days ago
Hitler publicly denounced President Roosevelt
as the greatest war-monger of all times, because
the President had declared that the people of
the United States "did not want to live in the
type of world" that Hitler wished for.

In a Hitler-dominated universe not one of

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

US could trade except on Hitler's terms. Not
one of us could live except under a gauleiter ap-
pointed for us by Hitler. Not one of us could
educate our children except as Hitler dictated.
Not one of us could enjoy our God-given rights
to think and to speak freely and to worship the
Deity as our conscience may dictate.

Can even Hitler wonder that we are not
willing to live in such a world as that?

I know what representatives of Japan have
been saying to some of you. They are telling
you that the Japanese Government is sui-e that
the governments and peoples of the American
republics will certainly not be influenced by
any thought that Japan may harbor ulterior
motives towai'ds them. They are telling you
that Japan desires nothing but peace with you
and the maintenance of profitable commercial
relations.

You will remember that they told us that
also!

The Japanese Government is even telling
you that they are soon going to send ships to the
Pacific ports of South America to take cargoes
of your goods.

But they did not add that were some Japanese
ship to be foolhardy enough to attempt to make
such a trip, it would not be able to travel many
miles after leaving the port of the Americas to
which it had gone, except under the naval
custody of Japan's adversaries.

But there is no useful purpose to be served
by our dwelling on the lies with which the Axis
Governments still attempt to deceive us. We all
of us know that no sane man can place the
slightest shred of credence in any solemn or
sworn assurance which the Axis Governments
give.

We likewise know full well that the sole aim,
the ultimate objective of these partners in crime,
is conquest of the surface of the entire earth, the
loot of the possessions of every one of us, and
the subjugation of free men and women every-
where to the level of serfs.

Twelve months ago Hitler solemnly assured
the German people that before the end of the
year 1941, Germany would complete the defeat
of all her enemies in the greatest victory of all
time.

On October third last Hitler swore to his
people that before the first of the New Year of
1942 Russia would be crushed, "never to rise
again".

What are the facts? Today the German
armies are retreating from Russian territory,
routed and dispersed by the magnificent offen-
sive of the Russian armies. Hitler has lost over
one third of his air force, over one half of his
tank force, and more than thi-ee million men.
But more than that, the German people now see
for themselves the utter falsity of the promises
held out to them by the evil charlatan who rules
them. Their morale is running low.

In North Africa the British armies have
utterly destroyed the Axis forces in Libya and
are clearing the Southern Mediterranean lit-
toral of Axis threats.

In the Atlantic the British and United
States convoys are moving ever more safely to
their destinations, and the loss of merchant ship-
ping through German submarine action has
steadily diminished during the past six months.
In the Far East the United States and Great
Britain have met with initial reverses.

We all remember that as a result of the AVash-
ington Limitation of Armaments Conference
of 1922 the powers directly interested in the Far
East, in order to assure the basis for peaceful
relations between them, pledged themselves not
to increase the fortifications of their possessions
in that area. During all of the years that the
treaties agreed upon at that Conference re-
mained in effect the United States consequently
took no steps to fortify the Philippines. But
we also now know that, counter to her sworn
obligations, Japan during these same years was
creating naval bases and feverishly constructing
fortifications throughout the islands of the
South Seas which she had received as a mandate
from the League of Nations.

Furthermore, at the request of the Philippine
people the Government of the United States had
pledged itself to grant full independence to them
in the year 1946.

The infamous attack by Japan upon the
United States consequently found the Philip-
pine Islands largely unfortified, and protected
solely by a modest army of brave Filipino sol-

JANUARY 17, 194 2

diers, supixirteJ by only two divisions of United
States troops, with a small air force utterly in-
adequate to withstand the concentrated strength
of tile Japanese.

But the control of the Pacific Ocean itself
rests with the Allied fleets. Japan, after suf-
fering disastrously in her four-year-long war
with China, is surrounded on all sides. She pos-
sesses no resources. Once the materiel which
she is now using is destroyed it can only be
replaced by what Japan herself can produce.
And that replacement will be inferior in qualitj',
and small in quantity without the raw materials
which Japan will now be largely unable to
secure.

The commencement of the year 1942 has
marked the turn of the tide.

The United States is now in the war. Our
industrial production, the greatest in the world,
is fast mounting towards the maximum. Dur-
ing the coming year we will produce some 60,000
airplanes, including 45,000 military airplanes,
some 45,000 tanks, some 300 new combatant
ships, from the mightiest battleships to coastal
patrol craft, and some 600 new merchant ships.
We will attain a rate of 70,000 per year in the
training of combat airplane pilots. We have
drafted for military service all of our men be-
tween the ages of 20 and 44 yeai'S, and of this
great total we will soon have an initial army of
three million men fully trained and fully
equipped. We will spend 50 billions of dollars,
or half of our total national income, in the year
thereafter in order to secure the use of every
ounce of our national resources in our war effort.
Every weapon that we produce will be used
wherever it is determined that it may be of the
most service in the common cause, whether that
be here in the Western Hemisphere, on the des-
erts of Libya, on the steppes of Russia, or in the
territory of the brave people of China.

Those of us who have joined in this holy war
face a ruthless and barbarous foe. The road
before us will be hard and perhaps long. We
will meet unquestionably with serious reverses
from time to time. But the tide has turned and
will run swiftly and ever more swiftly until it
ends in the flood of victory.

As each one of you knows, my Government
has made no suggestion, and no request, as to
the course which any of the governments of the
other American republics should pursue subse-
quent to the Japanese attack upon the United
States, and the declaration of war upon it by
the other Axis Powers.

We do not function in that way in the Ameri-
can family of nations.

But may I assure you from my heart today
th.at the spontaneous declaration of war upon
the enemies of mankind of nine of the other
American republics; the severance of all rela-
tions with Germany, Italy, and Japan by Mex-
ico, Colombia, and Venezuela; and the official
declarations of solidarity and support by all of
the other American republics, including our tra-
ditional and unfailing friend, in evil days as
well as good, the gi-eat Republic of Brazil,
whose guests we all are today, represents to my
Government and to my fellow citizens a meas-
ure of support, of strength, and of spiritual
encouragement which no words of mine would
be adequate to express.

May I merely say that these acts of faith in
our common destiny, so generously realized, will
never be forgotten by the people of the United
States. They have heartened us all. They have
made us all, all the more anxious to be worthy,
not in words but in deeds, of your confidence.
They have made us all the more desirous of
showing our gratitude through the extent of
the cooperative strength which we can furnish
to insure the ultimate triumph of the cause to
which we are dedicated.

Each one of the American governments has
determined, and will continue to determine, in
its own wisdom, the course which it will pur-
sue to the best interest of its people in this world
struggle. But of one thing I feel sure we are
all convinced. In accordance with the obliga-
tions we have all undertaken under the provi-
sions of our inter-American agreements and
in accordance with the spirit of that continental
solidarity unanimously proclaimed, those na-
tions of the Americas which are not engaged in
war will never permit their territory to be used
by agents of the Axis Powers in order that these

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

may conspire against, or prepare attacks upon,
tliose republics wliich are fighting for their own
liberties and for those of the entire continent.

We all of us are fully aware of the record of
the activities of Axis agents in our several coun-
tries which the past two years have brought to
light. We know how the Axis diplomatic rep-
resentatives, taking advantage of the immunity
which international custom has granted them
for their legitimate functions, have been doing
their utmost to poison inter-American rela-
tions; to create internal discord; and to engen-
der domestic strife, so as to try and pave the
way for subversive movements financed with
funds obtained through extortion from resi-
dents in our midst, or transferred from the loot
they have procured in the occupied countries of
Europe. We know that their so-called consular
officials have in reality been the directing heads
of espionage rings in every part of this hemi-
sphere. The full history of this record will
some day be published in full detail, when the
divulging of this information will no longer be
of assistance to the enemy.

So long as this hemisphere remained out of
the war all of our governments dealt with this
ever-increasing danger in the manner which
they believed most effective, exchanging intelli-
gence one with the other, as existing agreements
between them provide, whenever such exchange
was mutually helpful.

But today the situation has changed. Ten of
the American republics are at war and three
others have severed all relations with the Axis
Powers. The continued presence of these Axis
agents within the Western Hemisphere consti-
tutes a direct danger to the national defense of
the republics engaged in war. There is not a
Japanese nor a German consul, nor a consul of
Hitler's satellite countries, in the New World
at this moment who is not reporting to his su-
periors every time a ship leaves the ports of the
country where he is stationed, for the purpose
of having that ship sunk by an Axis submarine.
There is not a diplomatic representative of the
Axis Powers anywhere in the Americas who is
not seeking to get for his masters information
regarding the defense preparations of the

American nations now at war; who is not con-
spiring against the internal security of every
one of us; who is not doing his utmost, through
every means available to him, to hinder our ca-
pacity to insure the integrity of our freedom
and our independence.

Surely this danger must be of paramount con-
cern to all of us. The preeminent issue pre-
sented is solely that those republics engaged in
war shall not be dealt a deadly thrust by the
agents of the Axis ensconced upon the soil
and enjoying the hospitality of others of the
American republics.

The shibboleth of classic neutrality in its nar-
row sense can, in this tragic modern world, no
longer be the ideal of any freedom-loving people
of the Americas.

There can no longer be any real neutrality as
between the powers of evil and the forces that
are struggling to preserve the rights and the
independence of free peoples.

It is far better for any people to strive glori-
ously to safeguard its independence; it is far
better for any people to die, if need be, in the
battle to save its liberties, than by clinging to
the tattered fiction of an illusory neutrality, to
succeed only by so doing in committing suicide.

Our devotion to the common cause of defend-
ing the New World against aggression does not
imply necessarily engagement in war. But it
does imply, I confidently believe, the taking of
all measures of cooperation between us which
redound to the great objective of keeping the
Americas free.

Of equal importance with measures of po-
litical solidarity, defense cooperation, and the
repression of subversive activity are economic
measures related to the conduct of war against
the aggressor nations and the defense of the
Western Hemisphere.

All of the American republics have already
taken some form of measures breaking off finan-
cial and coinmercial intercourse between them
and the non-American aggressor states and to
eliminate other alien economic activities preju-
dicial to the welfare of the American republics.
It is of the utmost importance that these meas-
ures be expanded in order that they may pre-

JANtTARY 17, 194 2

vent all business, financial, and trade transac-
tions between the Western Hemisphere and the
aggressor states, and all transactions within the
Western Hemisphere which directly or indi-
rectly redound to the benefit of the aggressor
nations or are in any way inimical to the de-
fense of the hemisphere.

The conduct of war and the defense of the
hemisphere will require an ever-increasing pro-
duction of the implements of war and an ever-
increasing supply of the basic and strategic
materials necessary for their production. The
spread of the war has cut off many of the most
important sources of strategic materials, and it
is essential that the American republics con-
serve their stocks of such commodities and, by
every possible means, encourage the production
and the free flow within the hemisphere of the
greatest possible quantity of these materials.

The universal character of the war is placing
increasing demands upon the merchant-ship-
ping facilities of all of us. The increased pro-
duction of strategic materials will be of no avail
unless adequate transportation can be provided,
and it is consequently of vital importance that
all of the shipping facilities of the Americas
be mobilized to this essential end.

The Government of the United States is pre-
pared to cooperate whole-heartedly with the
other American republics in handling the prob-
lems arising out of these economic warfare
measures. It stands prepared to render finan-
cial and technical assistance, where needed, to
alleviate injury to the domestic economy of any
of the American republics which results from
the control and curbing of alien economic ac-
tivities inimical to our common defense.

It is ready to enter into broad arrangements
for the acquisition of supplies of basic and stra-
tegic materials, and to cooperate with each of
the other American republics in order to in-
crease rapidly and efficiently their production
for emergency needs. Finally, it stands ready
through the United States Maritime Commis-
sion to render every assistance in the efficient
operation of merchant vessels in accordance
with the plan of August 28, 1941 of the Inter-

438598 — 42 2

American Financial and Economic Advisory
Committee.^

My Government is also fully aware of the im-
portant role which imported materials and arti-
cles play in the maintenance of the economies of
your nations. On December 5, 1911 I advised
the Inter-American Financial and Economic
Advisory Committee in Washington that the
United States was making every effort consist-
ent with the defense program to maintain a flow
to the other American republics of materials
to satisfy the minimum essential import require-
ments of your economics. I added that the pol-
icy of my Government was being interpreted by
all of the appropriate agencies as calling for
recognition of and provision for the essential
needs of the American republics equal to the
treatment accorded United States civilian needs.

The attack by Japan and the declarations of
war by the other membei'S of the Tripartite Pact
have resulted in greater and unprecedented de-
mands upon our production facilities. But I am
able to state today, as I did on the fifth of De-
cember, that the policy of the United States to-
ward the satisfaction of your essential require-
ments remains firm.

On December 26, 1941 after the outbreak of
war, the Board of Economic Warfare of my
Government resolved unanimously :

"It is the policy of the Government of the
United States to aid in maintaining the eco-
nomic stability of the other American Republics
by recognizing and providing for their essential
civilian needs on the basis of equal and propor-
tionate consideration with our own."

Pursuant to this declaration of policy our
allocation of 218,600 tons of tin-plate for your
needs during this year has been followed by fur-
ther allocations, which I am privileged to an-
nounce today. The Office of Production Man-
agement has advised me that allocations have
been made to you for the next quarter in
amounts adequate to meet your needs for rayon ;
for twenty essential agricultural and industrial
chemicals, including copper sulphate, am-

' Bulletin of August 30, 1941, p. 16.5.

monium sulphate, soda ash, and caustic soda;
for farm equipment; and for iron and steel
products.

In addition, I am able to announce that a spe-
cial mechanism has been organized within the
Office of Production Management which is now
facilitating the clearance of your individual
priority applications.

In the light of this action, it seems appro-
priate to recognize that the arsenal of democracy
continues mindful of its hemisphere responsi-
bilities.

I am confident that your people will join the
people of the United States, who are sharing
their civilian supplies with you, in recognizing
that military and other defense needs must con-
tinue to be given precedence over civilian
demands.

All of these economic measures relate directly
to the conduct of war. the defense of the hemi-
sphere, and the maintenance of the economies
of our several nations during the war emer-
gency. Obviously our greatest efforts must be
extended towards victory. Nevertheless, the
full consummation of victory must include the
building of an economic and social order in
which all of our citizens may subsequently enjoy
the blessings of peace.

My Government believes that we must begin
now to execute plans, vital to the human defense
of the hemisphere, for the improvement of
health and sanitary conditions, the provision
and maintenance of adequate supplies of food,
milk, and ^yater, and the effective control of
insect-borne and other comnnmicable diseases.
The United States is prepared to participate in
and to encourage complementary agreements
among the American republics for dealing with
these problems of health and sanitation by pro-
vision, according to the abilities of the countries
involved, of funds, raw materials, and services.

The responsibility with which we are all
charged requires that we plan for broad eco-
nomic and social development, for increased
production of the necessities of the world, and
for their equitable distribution among the
people.

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

If this economic rehabilitation of the world
is to take place it is indispensable that there be a
resurgence of international trade — interna-
tional trade, as was declared by the Second
Meeting of Ministers of Foreign Affairs at
Habana. "conducted with peaceful motives and
based upon equality of treatment and fair and
equitable practices".

I urge upon you all the imperative need for
unity between us, not only in the measures which
must presently be taken in the defense of our
Western World, but also in order that the
American i-epublics, joined as one, may prove to
be the potent factor which they should be of
right in the determination of the nature of the
world of the future, after the victory is won.

We. the American nations, are trustees for
Christian civilization. In our own relation-
ships we have wished to .show scrupulous re-
spect for the sovereign rights of all states; we
have sought to undertake only peaceful proc-
esses in the solution of controversies which may
have arisen between us; and we have wished to
follow the course of decency and of justice in
our dealings with others.

When peace is restored it is to the interest of
the whole world that the American republics
present a united front and be able to speak and
act with tlie moral authority to which, by reason
of their own enlightened standards as much as
by reason of their number and their powei', they
are entitled.

The prayer of peoples throughout the world
is that when the task of peacemaking is once
more undertaken it will be better done than it
was in 1919. And we cannot forget that the
task this time will be infinitely more difficult
than it was the last time.

In the determination of how these stupendous
problems may best be solved, the united voice of
the free peoples of the Americas must be heard.
The ideals which men have cherished have al-
ways throughout the course of history proved
themselves to be more potent than any other
factor. Nor conquest, nor migrations ; nor eco-
nomic pressure, nor pestilence; nor revolt, nor
assassinations have ever yet been able to tri-

JANUARY 17, 194 2

iiniph over tlie ideals which have sprung from
men's hearts and men's minds.

Notwithstandiiifj the hideous blunders of the
past generation ; notwithstanding the holocaust
of the present moment, that great ideal of "a
universal dominion of right by such a concert
of free peoples as shall bring peace and safety
to all nations and make the world itself at last
free" still stands untarnished as the supreme
objective of a suffering hiunanity.

That ideal will yet triumph.

AVe, the free peoples of the Americas, must
play our full part in its realization so that we
may hasten the day when we can thus insure
the maintenance of a peaceful world in which
we, and our children, and our children's chil-
dren, can safely live.

At this time the issue is clearly drawn.
There can be no peace until Hitlerism and its
monstrous parasites are utterly obliterated, and
until the Prussian and Japanese militarists have
been taught in the only language they can im-
derstand that they will never again be afforded
the opportunity of wrecking the lives of gen-
eration upon generation of men and women in
every quarter of the globe.

When that time comes men of good-will must
be prepared and ready to build with vision
afresh upon new and lasting foundations of
liberty, of morality, of justice, and, by no means
least perhaps, of intelligence.

In the attainment of that great achievement
the measure of our devotion will be the measure
of the world's regeneration.

BUSINESS WORKS TO WIN THE WAR
ADDRESS BY ASSISTANT SECRETARY BERLE '

[ Ileleased to tbe press January 15]

Ladies and Gentlemen :

Any great gathering of Americans today is
mainly interested in a single question : What
can each of us do toward winning the war, and
toward winning the peace after the war? This
Association is a great group of merchants. But
today you meet as servants of America and as
soldiers for the ideals America represents.

When merchants met in peacetimes they could
think chiefly of their interests as merchants.
But in time of war you have stopjjed being
merchants. You are part of the service of
supply of the Nation. A store is no longer
merely a commercial enterprise. It is part of
the machinery on which the country must rely
and does rely in seeing to it that its people get
t he goods they need.

A modern war means that even a counti-y as
powerful and rich as our own must devote every
possible fragment of its economic strength to
production of war supplies. Necessarily this
means that civilians will not have as many

' Delivered before the National Dry Goods Assooia-
tion, New York, N. Y., January 15, 1942.

things as they are ordinarily used to having.
This means that arrangements have to be made
so that every one gets his fair share and not
more than his fair share. We call this "ration-
ing". In great measure this has to be done
by enlisting the services of merchants and stores,
Ijig and little.

We have not been used to this sort of thing
in the United States. We have been accus-
tomed to let every one buy anything he wanted
and as much as he wanted. We have been ac-
customed to encourage merchants to sell as much
as they could, and the more the better. In
recent history we have never known a time
when the factories behind the stores, when the
mines and farms behind the factories, could not
produce more than the country was able to con-
sume. Now we have to change all that, because
the farm and the mine and the factory will be
turning a great part of their production toward
equipping fleets and armies and airfields and
battleplanes. They will continue to work until
the last shred of Axis militarism is wiped off
the face of the earth. During that time you
and I will be steadily cutting down our wants

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

by finding ways of making life more simple.
We shall find it hard to do; but we shall take
it and we shall like it, because all of us know
that the life of our country and the life of each
of us as individuals is at stake.

For we have reached one of those periods in
history in which there can be no compromise.
Some of us have known this for a long time.
The last doubt in anyone's mind vanished about
noon on December 7, 1941, when the news of
the unforgettable treachery at Pearl Harbor
came.

But we are compelled to do something more
than defend our own nation and our own lives.
We are also compelled to fight for and maintain
an international life in which nations do not
and cannot act as gangsters. Every one of us
knows now that we cannot be safe in a world
which does not recognize rules of justice and
law. We shall never be safe or quiet or at peace
until nations no longer find it healthy to try to
get what they want by dive-bombing and mur-
der, usually without warning.

We are already taking our part in construct-
ing the new international fabric. That struc-
ture came into being on another historic date —
January 1, 1942 — with the signature by 26 coun-
tries of the Declaration by United Nations. In
that moment the greatest union of nations
known to history was brought together in a
common cause.

The Declaration by United Nations, it is true,
united these many peoples in a common struggle
against savage and brutal forces seeking to en-
slave the world. These countries intend and
propose the final defeat of Hitler and his imi-
tators in Japan. They propose to do more than
merely to defeat their common enemies. They
have announced that they will set up a state
of affairs in which those who follow us will
have less to fear and more to hope. They have
outlined a plan in which men and women will
once more be equipped to make their own way
in the world and to stand unafraid in God's
good sunlight.

The 26 United Nations and othei's who may
join them agreed to the program known as the
Atlantic Charter — forged on a warship in the

Atlantic last summer. That charter is, in sub-
stance, an international Bill of Rights.

It outlaws imperialism. The era of attempted
domination must end.

It abandons territorial changes, except as
these accord with the freely expressed wishes
of the people concerned.

It requires respect for the right of all peoples
to choose the form of government under which
they will live, and it proposes restoration of
sovereign rights and self-government to those
who have been forcibly deprived of them.

The Atlantic Charter likewise sets forth that
these nations propose to further the enjoyment
by all states, great or small, victor or vanquished,
of access on equal terms to necessary trade and
raw materials.

It proposes collaboration between all nations
to secure improved labor standards, economic
advancement, and social security.

And, when final victory shall have been
achieved, it proposes that the resulting peace
shall afford assurance that all men in all lands
may live out their lives in freedom from fear
and want. Finally, it proposes disarmament of
nations which have threatened or may threaten
aggression, and a lightening of the crushing
burden of armaments.

The Declaration by United Nations thus is
more than a necessary agreement to pool efl'orts
for war. It is an agreement — the widest ever
achieved in history — in a common struggle, for
a common plan, based on a common ideal.

It is appropriate to observe that this is a
wider application of the same principles which
have been the foundation of the great American
family of nations for many years. As long ago
as 1933 Seci'etary Hull, at Montevideo, outlined
a similar set of ideals and purposes as the basis
on which 21 American republics could live in
peace, could work without fear, and could helj^
each other in the age-long struggle of men to
improve their position. Through the years the
American family of nations has made, on this
firm base, steady progress toward the common
end.

I like to think that a similar agreement on
ideals and purposes has united that other great

JANUARY 17, 1942

family of nations -which we know as the British
Commonwealth — Great Britain, Canada, Aus-
tralia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

And I am glad to remember that more than
a century ago a famous Spanish-American
statesman, Bolivar, dreamed of a time when
agreement between an American family of na-
tions and the British group, together with the
countries of Europe, would give at last the basis
of a firm and enduring peace. Were he alive
today he would include, without doubt, the
great protagonist of democracy in the Far East,
China, whose indomitable will and whose moral
strength have made her a fortress of freedom.

But these great ideals will not be realized
by agreements of statesmen. They become real
only as you and I in our daily lives can make
them real by the work of our hands.

All of this is based on a single simple idea.
Civilization as we see it is based on individual
men and women, hundreds of millions of them,
who seek in freedom to attain the best of them-
selves. Our fathers stated this in religious
terms. They said that all men were children
of God; that therefore all men were brothers;
and that because of this every man was obliged
to use his life so that the men and women with
whom he came into contact were freer and hap-
pier. The political terms of today do not
change the essential idealism.

This places on each of us a heavy obligation.
It is required tliat each of us examine the daily
work that we do; that we try to see that the
moves we make cause people to be more free,
moi-e healthy, less afraid, and more able to make
a contribution to the common cause, in war or
in peace.

It means that we must put aside individual
ambitions, individual desires for power, indi-
vidual desire to dominate. Every act and pur-
pose must be tested by whether it increases the
abilities and stature of the people around us to-
ward a common ideal and aim. This is a great
responsibility.

All of us have the natural human desire to
get ahead of the game. If there is not enough
to go around, save in small amounts, all of us
have a natural human wish to hoard goods ahead

and come out better than our neighbors. This
we cannot do. The hoarder is merely depriving
someone else of his fair share.

Wherever there is a chance to assure that
small business can continue in existence, we are
under obligation to try to handle our policies so
that the small business can continue to exist.
We need the small free businesses and the small
free businessmen.

Wherever the policies either of business or of
labor prevent labor from making a full contri-
bution to the common effort, those policies are
not compatible with the ideals for which we are
bound to fight and by which we can and will
achieve victory.

We cannot accept methods either of finance
or business organization which restrict produc-
tion or employment, or which withhold either
from the country in war or from the people in
civil life the goods necessary to win a war or to
live at peace.

The Government can assist by wise law and
regulation. But the greatest reliance must be
placed on the knowledge which individual men
have of the problems in their own communities,
and their willingness to keep every wheel mov-
ing by generous assistance to their fellows.
Every businessman knows that there are end-
less ways in which he can help his neighbor and
endless ways in which he can make trouble for
his neighbor. Today the choice is already
made; and that choice will win the war, as it
will win the peace. At the beginning of each
day everyone ought to say to himself, "Wliat can
I do to increase production, to help equitable
distribution, and to assist my neighbors and col-
leagues to do the same?" And at the end of
each day each of us ought to ask himself, "What
have I done in the common cause?"

The value of freedom is that it never dies.
We have seen great military machines built up
on.despotism. We have seen them achieve tem-
jjorary success, and they may have further tem-
porary success. But we know that they are
headed for disaster. This war is a M-ar of peo-
ples who insist on their freedom — not only free-
dom as nations, but also freedom as men — free-
dom in spirit, freedom in economic life. The

DEPARTilENT OF STATE BULLETIN

time to make those freedoms real is now, and not
later.

The Axis dictators in a great counterrevolu-
tion have endeavored to assault the foundations
not only of civilization and nationhood but even
of manhood. They have regarded as their
enemy every human being who has not ceased to
have a heart and a head. There can be no com-
promise. There will be but one outcome — our
complete victory and a realization of the ideals
of that victory. In justice we can accept no
less.

We are all fellow workers in that common
cause, whatever we do or wherever we are. We
have the high piivilege of bearing a part of the
great tradition of the history of America, and
with it a great part of the fate of the coming
world. I am glad of the sacrifices we shall have
to make. We are not beggars asking for a share
of the world's goods. We are a great company
of free men taking the part of men in a time
which calls for men to make a world in which
men may freely live.

AMERICANS IN THE FAR EAST

[Released to the press January 13]

According to a telegram received in the De-
partment through the Swiss authorities, the
members of the staff of the American Consulate
General at Seoul, including Consul General
Harold B. Quart on, of Algona, Iowa, Vice Con-
sul Arthur B.- Emmons, 3d, of Boston. Mass.,
and Interpreter William R. Mayers, of Lebanon,
Pa., are in good health.

The following information concerning the
status of American nationals in Indochina and
Thailand has just been made available to the
Department through the French authorities at
Vichy :

Mr. O. Edmund Clubb, of South St. Paul,
Minn., former American Consul detailed to
Hanoi, has been transferred from Hanoi to
Haiphong and is now confined in a building be-
longing to the Standard-Vacuum Oil Co. He
will soon be more comfortably housed in the

premises of the Chartered Bank of India, which
is situated in the center of the town.

At Saigon, former American Consul Sydney
H. Browne, of Baltimore. Md., who had pre-
viously been confined to his residence, and for-
mer American Vice Consul Kingsley W. Hamil-
ton, of Wooster, Ohio, are now confined in the
residence of the British Consul General. Cer-
tain Asiatic employees of the American Consu-
late have been authorized to keep in touch with
their emploj'ers.

Japanese troops occupied the premises of the
former American Legation and Consulate Gen-
eral at Bangkok on the morning of December 9,
194L Since that date telephone communica-
tions have been cut and radio sets confiscated,
and the former American Minister, Mr. Willys
R. Peck, and his staff have been confined to the
Legation. All American citizens, with tlie ex-
ception of the staff's of the Legation and Con-
sulate General, have been concentrated by the
Thai authorities in the School of Political
Science, where living conditions are said to be
primitive but fairly comfortable and where they
may receive visitors. The Thai authorities
have sequestrated American firms, and the Thai
Ministry of Economy has taken over the direc-
tion of their administration.

ITALIAN, RUMANIAN, AND BULGARIAN
OFFICIALS IN THE UNITED STATES

fReleaeed to the press January 14]

The Italian Embassy staff and the staffs of
the Rumanian and Bulgarian Legations are be-
ing concentrated, preparatory to their departure
from the United States, at White Sulphur
Springs. Bulgarian consular officials are also
being concentrated at Wliite Sulphur Springs.

ALIEN ENEMIES

A proclamation prescribing additional rules
and regulations governing the conduct of na-
tives, citizens, denizens, or subjects, 14 years

JANUARY 17, 1942

old or more, of countries at war with tlie United
States was signed by tiie President on January
14, 1942. The proclamation orders all such
alien enemies within the continental United
States, Puerto Eico, and the Virgin Islands to
iipply for and acquire a certificate of identi-
fication at times and places to be fixed by tlie
Attorney General. The Attorney General is
authorized and directed to provide for receiv-
ing such applications, for issuing the certifi-
cates, and for making the necessary rules and
regulations. After the date or dates fixed by
the Attorney General for the completion of such
registration, enemy aliens will be required to
carry the identification cards at all times. The
full text of the proclamation (no. 2537) is
printed in the Federal Register for January 17,
1942, page 329.

PROCLAIMED LIST OF CERTAIN BLOCKED
NATIONALS, SUPPLEMENT 7

[Released to the press January 1.5]

The Secretary of State acting in conjunction
with the Secretary of the Treasury, the Attor-
ney General, the Secretary of Commerce, the
Board of Economic Warfare, and the Coordi-
nator of Inter- American Affairs, i.ssued on Jan-
uary 15 Supplement 7 to tlie Proclaimed List of
Certain Blocked Nationals.

This supplement covers the addition of ap-
proximately 1,800 names for Portugal and pos-
sessions, Spain and possessions, Sweden, Switz-
erland, and Turkey. With tlie exception of one
case no names are added in tliis supplement for
the other American republics. Seventeen dele-
tions from the Proclaimed List are made in this
supplement in the other American republics.

American Republics

JOINT MEXICAN - UNITED STATES DEFENSE COMMISSION

[Eeleased to the press January 12]

The Governments of Mexico and the United
States, in identical statements handed to
the press on March 4, 1941, announced that con-
versations were being held in Washington be-
tween the military, naval, and aeronautical at-
taches assigned to the Mexican Embassy and
representatives of the Government of the United
States, to discuss the aid that the two countries
would extend to each other in case of aggression
against either of them.

Unfortunately this case has now arisen, and
in view of the existing situation the two Gov-
ernments have found it expedient to establish
a mixed defense commission to study the prob-
lems relating to the defense of the two countries
and to propose to the respective Governments
the measures which should be adopted.

This commission, which will be called the
Joint Mexican - United States Defense Coin-
mission, will be composed of Brig. Gen. Miguel
S. Gonzalez Cadena and Brig. Gen. Tomtis
Sanchez Hernandez, of the Mexican General
StaflF, as representatives of Mexico; Lt. Gen.
Stanley Dunbar Embick and Vice Admiral Al-
fred Wilkinson Johnson as representatives of
the United States.

The Commission will meet in Washington as
soon as General Sanchez Hernandez completes
his mission as a member of the Mexican delega-
tion to the Third Meeting of Minister of For-
eign Affairs of the American Republics at Rio
de Janeiro.

At their first meeting the members will for-
mulate a program and procedure for their activ-
ities and will decide where succeeding meetings
will be held.

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

INTER-AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT COMMISSION: CUBA, DOMINICAN REPUBLIC,

HAITI, AND MEXICO

Formation of National Commissions in Cuba,
the Dominican Republic, Haiti, and Mexico
brings to 20 the number of commissions estab-
lished by the Inter-American Development
Commission in its program for the stimulation
of Western Hemisphere trade and the develop-
ment of resources. Outstanding business, pro-
fessional, and technical men are appointed to
these commissions, the membership of the four
most recently formed being as follows :

Cu6o

Jos6 Manuel Casanova, Senator of the Republic ;

President of the Asociacifin de Hacendados de

Cuba ; Chairman
RamOn CrusoUas, industrialist: Vice Chairninn
Dr. Jos4 Ignacio de la C.'imara, Director of the Banco

del Comercio
Le6n Aisenstein, industrialist
Teodoro Santiesteban, Secretary General of the Aso-

ciaci6n de Colonos de Cuba, sugar producers
Eduardo Montoulieu, former Minister of Finance ; at

present Director General of Funds for Public

Works ; Secretary

Dominican Republic

Marino E. Ciiceres, Minister of ,\griculture and In-
dustries; Chairman
Agustln Aristy, official in the Department of Public

Worlis ; Vice Chairman
Eduardo Soler, Jr., Government official
Ernesto B. Freites, prominent businessman
Francisco Martinez Alba, prominent businessman
Frank Parra, Chief of the Commercial Division of tne
Ministry of Foreign Affairs ; Secretary

Baiti

Abel Lacroix, Minister of Finance ; member of the
Board of the Banque Nationale d'Haiti; Chairman

Joseph Nadal, merchant and agriculturist; Vi<-e
Chairman

Edouard Esteve, member of the Board of the Banque
Nationale d'Haiti

Alfred Vieux, Senator of the Republic ; industrialist

Serge Defiy, former Minister to Great Britain ; busi-
nessman

Clovls Kernizan, Solicitor of the Ministry of Foreign
affairs ; delegate to the Economic Conference
in London, 1933, and to the Pan American Confer-
ences at Buenos Aires and Lima ; Secretary

Andr6 Lioutoud, member of the Board of the Soci^tS
Haitianau-Americaine de Di^veloppement Agricole
(the agricultural corporation organized with the
assistance of the Export-Import Bank) ; General
Adviser

Mexico

Eduardo Villasenor, Director General of the Bank of
Mexico ; Chairman

Evaristo Araiza, General Manager of Compania
Fundidora de Fierro y Acero de Monterrey ; Direc-
tor of the Bank of Mexico; industrialist; Vice
Chairman

Aaron SSenz, former Minister of Foreign Affairs;
former Ambassador ; Presidente of Azucar, S.A., a
large sugar mill

Carlos SAnchez Jlejorada, general representative of
Compaiila de Real del Monte y Pachuca, important
mining enterprise ; Director of Credito Minero

Jorge Gaxiola, general representative of Compania
Pesquera de Tepolobambo, a large fishing industry,
and of Compaiila Financiera del Golfo de Cortes,
an industrial company

Manuel Telle, consultant in Mexican Foreign Service ;
Secretary

The Inter-American Development Commis-
sion organized by the Inter-Ajnerican Finan-
cial and Economic Advisory Committee, is
seeking to stimulate the importation of non-
competitive goods from the other American
republics to the United States, increase trade
among the other Americas, and encourage the
development of industry in Central and South
America and the Caribbean area, with particu-
lar regard to the production of consumer goods.
Members of the Inter-j\jnerican Development
Commission are as follows :

Nelson A. Rockefeller, Chairman

J. Rafael Oreamuno, Vice Chairmnn

Renato de Azevedo

G. Av Magalhaes

Anibal Jara

John C. McClintock, 5417 Department of Commerce

Building, Washington, D.C., Executive Secretary
William F. Machold, 7203 Department of Commerce

BuUding, Washington, D.C., Projects Director

Cultural Relations

GIFT OF BOOKS TO ENGLISH CENTER IN ECUADOR

An Eiiglisli-liuiguage library recently estab-
lished by the English Center in Quito, Ecuador,
will shortly receive through the American Le-
gation there a gift of reference boolis and peri-
odicals from the Department of State.

The English Center was founded by Ecuador-
ans and by American citizens i-esident in that
Republic in order to promote mutual friendship
and understanding between the two countries.
It conducts classes in English, sponsors Eng-
lish-language lectures and programs, promotes
the interchange of letters between students in
Ecuador and in this country, and establishes
contacts between students in Ecuador and
American citizens resident there. Much of the
support of the Center comes from the working-

people in Quito, who are eager to learn the Eng-
lish language and acquire a knowledge of life
and thought in the United States.

The books made available to the new library
by the Division of Cultural Relations of the
Department of State include dictionaries, an
encyclopedia, books on learning English, a map
of the United States, the World Almanac, and
such works as the complete writings of George
Washington, Morison and Commager's two-
volume work on The Growth of the American
RepuhJlc, H. E. Stearns' America Now, the Fed-
eral Writers Project's U. S. One, R. & H. Lynd's
Middletown, The Oxford Booh of American
Verse, Foley & Gentles' America in Story, and
C. K. Ogden's tSystem of Basic English.

ROOSEVELT FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM

Ten United States students soon will be se-
lected for one-year scholarships in colleges of
the other American republics, under the "Roose-
velt Fellowship'' program. The fellowship
project, sponsored and financed by the Office of
the Coordinator of Inter- American Affairs,
provides for an annual exchange of students,
10 going from the LTnited States to the other
American republics and 20 coming to the LTnited
States — one from each of the republics.

The Institute of International Education, in
New York, of which Dr. Stephen Duggan is
Director, administers the 30 fellowships, nam-
ing selection committees to appoint the fellows.
The project has been named in honor of Presi-
dent Franklin D. Roosevelt. The exchanges
are designed to spread in the other American
nations a sympathetic understanding of the
activities and culture of the United States, and,

in the United States, an understanding of the
culture of the other Americas.

In addition to the 30 full scholarships, which
range from $1,200 to $1,800, depending on the
distance of travel, 41 maintenance grants have
been allotted for students from the other Amer-
icas. These are awards of from $300 to $500
to students on partial scholarships.

Exchange candidates from the other republics
must have been graduated from a Jicro or a more
advanced course. United States candidates
must have bachelors degrees. All must show
evidences of outstanding scholarship and char-
acter and must be able to speak, read, and write
the language of the country to which they are to
go. They may be of either sex.

The fellows have full freedom of choice of
the courses they will take and, subject to veto
of the Committee on Selections, of the place

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

where they will study. They will live in col-
lege dormitories and are expected to take part
in extracurricular activities. They are assured
of invitations to homes in the areas where they
study, to bring them into as close contact as pos-
sible with the national life. All appointees sign
contracts to return to their native countries on
expiration of the scholarships.

Nineteen students from the other American
countries already are enrolled in colleges and
universities in this country under the program.
Appointees from the United States will leave
for their places of study in time for the begin-
ning of the academic year in the other Americas
next March.

VISIT OF DISTINGUISHED EDUCATOR
FROM CHILE

[Released to the press January 15]

Monsignor Francisco Vives, Vice Rector of
the Catholic University of Chile, arrived in
Washington by plane on the afternoon of Jan-
uary 14. He is spending several weeks in this
country at the invitation of the Department of
State and will visit university centers in and
near Washington and New York, as well as
Harvard and Notre Dame.

The Catholic University of Chile, at San-
tiago, is one of the leading institutions of higher
learning in South America, and many students
attend it from the other American republics.
As Vice Rector, Monsignor Vives has estab-
lished there a Center of Foreign Relations to
promote better inter-American understanding
and friendship.

Two years ago he brought a group of Chilean
students to Washington to attend the Congress
of Pax Romana in the National Capital.

IMonsignor Vives is author of a biography
of Pope Pius XII and a recent work on the
philosophy of law, his special field of interest.

The Departmeat

APPOINTMENT OF OFFICERS

Mr. George F. Luthringer was designated an
Assistant Chief of the Financial Division, effec-
tive December 9, 1941 (Departmental Order
1009).

Mr. Laurence E. Salisbury, a Foreign Service
officer of class III, was designated an Assistant
Ciiief of the Division of Far Eastern Affairs,
effective December 20, 1941 (Departmental
Order 1013).

Mr. David McK. Key, a Foreign Service
officer of class IV, was designated Assistant
Liaison Officer in the Liaison Office, Office of
the Under Secretary, effective December 29,
1941 (Departmental'Order 1017).

Mr. Robert T. Pell was appointed an Assist-
ant Chief of the Division of Current Informa-
tion, effective January 1, 1942 (Departmental
Order 1018).

The Foreign Service

PERSONNEL CHANGES

The nomination of Laurence A. Steinhardt,
of New York, now Ambassador Extraordinary
and Plenipotentiary of the LTnited States to
the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, to be
Ambassador to Turkey to replace John Van
A. MacMurray, who has resigned, was con-
firmed by the Senate on January 12, 1942.

(Released to the press January 17]

The following changes have occurred in the
American Foreign Service since January 10,
1942:

JANTJAEY 17, 1942

The assignment of M. Williams Blake, of
Columbus, Ohio, as Vice Consul at Rangoon,
Burma, has been canceled. In lieu thereof, Mr.
Blake has been assigned as Vice Consul at Tam-
pico, Mexico.

James E. Brown, Jr., of Sewickley, Pa., Sec-
ond Secretary of Embassy and Consul at Lon-
don, England, has been designated Second Sec-
retary of Embassy and Consul at Buenos Aires,
Argentina, and will serve in dual capacity.

Leo J. Callanan, of Dorchester, Mass., Consul
at Oporto, Portugal, has been assigned as Con-
sul at Pernambuco, Brazil.

DuWayne G. Clark, of Fresno, Calif., Assist-
ant Commercial Attache at Madrid, Spain, has
been designated Commercial Attache at Asun-
cion, Paraguay.

Bernard Gufler, of Tacoma, Wash., formerly
Second Secretary of Embassy at Berlin, Ger-
many, has been a.^-signed for duty in the Depart-
ment of State.

The assignment of Edmund A. Gullion, of
Lexington, Ky., as Vice Consul at Calcutta,
India, has been canceled. In lieu thereof, Mr.
Gullion has been designated Third Secretary of
Embassy and Vice Consul at London, England,
and will serve in dual capacity.

The assignment of Frederick P. Latimer, Jr.,
of New London, Conn., as Consul at Johannes-
burg, Transvaal, Union of South Africa, has
been canceled. In lieu thereof, Mr. Latimer has
been designated Second Secretary of Legation
and Consul at Tegucigalpa, Honduras, and will
serve in dual capacity.

Walter J. Linthicum, of Baltimore, Md., Con-
sul at Pernambuco, Brazil, has been assigned
as Consul at Oporto, Portugal.

The assignment of Myles Standish, of New
York, N. Y., as Vice Consul at Karachi, India,
has been canceled. In lieu thereof, Mr. Stan-
dish has been assigned as Vice Consul at Aruba,
Dutch West Indies, where an American Vice
Consulate is to be opened.

The assignment of Marshall M. Vance, of
Dayton, Ohio, as Second Secretary of Legation
at Bern, Switzerland; has been canceled.

Walter W. Wiley, of Salisbury, N. C, Vice
Consul at Marseille, France, has been appointed
Vice Consul at Antofagasta, Chile.

The assignment of Archer Woodford, of
Paris, Ky., as Consul at Bombay, India, has been
canceled. In lieu thereof, Mr. Woodford has
been assigned as Consul at Guatemala, Guate-
mala.

Treaty Information

Compiled in the Treaty Division

COMMERCE

Inter-American Coffee Agreement

Cuba

By a letter dated January 7, 1942 the Director
General of the Pan American Union informed
the Secretary of State that the instrument of
ratification by Cuba of the Inter-American
Coffee Agreement, signed on November 28, 1940,
was deposited with the Union on December 31,
1941.

As all the governments signatory to the
agreement have now deposited their respective

instruments of ratification with the Pan Ameri-
can Union the agreement entered into force,
under the terms of article XX, as of the date of
the deposit of the Cuban ratification, i.e., De-
cember 31, 1941.

Article XX of the agreement provides that
the agreement shall be ratified or approved by
each of the signatory governments in accord-
ance with its legal requirements and shall come
into force when the instruments of ratification
or approval of all the signatory governments
have been deposited with the Pan American
Union, but that if within 90 days from the date

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

of signature of the agreement the instruments
of ratification or approval of all the signatory
governments have not been deposited, the gov-
ernments vrhich have deposited their instru-
ments of ratification or approval may put the
agreement into force among themselves by
means of a protocol. As all the signatory gov-
ernments had not deposited their instruments of
ratification or approval within the 90-day pe-
riod a protocol was signed on April 15, 1941 by
those countries which had ratified the agree-
ment, namely, the United States of America,
Brazil, Colombia. Costa Rica, El Salvador,
Guatemala. Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, and Peru.
The protocol brought the agreement into force
among these states on April 16, 1941 pending the
ratification or approval by all of the other signa-
tory governments. The agreement and the
protocol were subsequently ratified and signed
by the Dominican Republic on April 30, 1941,
by Ecuador on April 29, 1941, and by Nica-
ragua on May 13, 1941. Venezuela deposited its
ratification of the agreement on July 22, 1941,
and signed the protocol on August 14, 1941.
The protocol was signed by Cuba on December
31, 1941, at the time of the deposit of the instru-
ment of ratification.

The agreement will shortly be printed as
Treaty Series 970.

SOVEREIGNTY

Convention on the Provisional Administration
of European Colonies and Possessions in the
Americas '

Honduras

Tlie Acting Director General of the Pan
American Union informed the Secretary of
State by a letter dated January 9, 1942 that the
instrument of ratification by Honduras of the
Convention on the Provisional Administration
of European Colonies and Possessions in the
Americas, signed at Habana on July 30, 1940,
was deposited with the Union on January 8,
1942.

Article XIX of the convention stipulates that
the convention "shall enter into force when
two-thirds of the American Republics have de-

posited their respective instruments of ratifica-
tion". Tlie instrument deposited by the Gov-
ernment of Honduras is the fourteenth ratifica-
tion of the convention deposited with the Pan
American Union, thereby completing the "two-
thirds" provision and bringing the convention
into force as of January 8, 1942.

The countries which have ratified the conven-
tion are the United States of America, October
24, 1940; Argentina, October 1, 1941, subject to
the reservation made at tlie time of signature;
Brazil, January 14, 1941; Colombi;i, November
5, 1941 ; Costa Rica, December 17, 1940; Domini-
can Republic. November 28, 1940 ; Ecuador, De-
cember 27, 1941; El Salvador, July 9, 1941;
Guatemala, August 14, 1941; Haiti, August 13,
1941 ; Honduras, January 8, 1942; Panama, May
13, 1941; Peru, April 4, 1941; and Venezuela,
October 22, 1941.

TRANSIT

Exchange of Notes With Costa Rica Regarding
Inter-American Highway

[Released to the press January 16]

Through an exchange of notes signed on Jan-
uary 16, 1942 by the Secretary of State of the
United States and the Costa Rican Minister of
Public Works and Agriculture, the cooperation
of the United States in the construction of the
Inter-American Highway through Costa Rica
was provided for. This is the first exchange of
notes which has occurred under the provisions
of Public Law 375 of December 26, 1941, author-
izing the exj^enditure of 20 million dollars in
cooperation with the five Central American re-
publics and Panama in the construction of the
Inter- American Highway. In accordance with
the exchange of notes signed on January 16
Costa Rica will assume at least one third of the
cost of the construction of the highway in Costa
Rica. The remainder, not to exceed two thirds,
will be borne by the United States.

The Costa Rican Minister of Public Works
and Agriculture came to Washington primarily
to negoti.ite this exchange of notes and the sub-
sidiary agreement which he will sign with the
Public Roads Administration in fulfilment of
the provisions of the law.

JANUARY 17, 1942

The assurances envisaged by the law are be-
ing sought from the five other republics named
in it in order that cooperation may be extended
to all of them. It is expected, once these as-
surances have been secured and the necessary
appropriations provided by Congress, that the
work on the highway will be greatly accelerated.

An all-weather highway has already been
completed across Guatemala. During the past
year substantial progress has been made in El
Salvador, where a surfaced highway has been
completed over a large part of the route; in
Nicaragua, where the route from Sebaco to
Diriamba via Managua will soon be finished; in
Costa Rica ; and in Panama, where the Rio Hato
road should be completed this summer.

The texts of the notes exchanged follow :

Xote jrom the Costa Rlcan Minister of Public
Works to the Secretary of State, Cordell Hull

Sir Dear Mr. Secretary :

In accordance with the provisions of Public
Law 375 of December 20, 1941, which provides
for the cooperation of the United States with
the Central American republics in the construc-
tion of the Inter- American Highway, I hereby,
fully authorized by my Government, beg to
make formal request to participate in the coop-
erative plan of said construction. In this con-
nection I wish on behalf of my Government to
offer the assurances inquired by the Law that,
with a view to receiving the cooperation en-
visaged in the Law, it has made commitments
to assume at least one-third of the expenditures
to be incurred henceforth by it and by the
United States in the survey and construction of
the Highway within the borders of Costa Rica.
To this end it has already concluded arrange-
ments with the Export-Import Bank of Wash-
ington by which it has received a credit now
amounting to $2,200,000 which, under its con-
tract with the Bank, may not be expended, with-
out the Bank's assent, for any purpose other
than the construction of the Inter- American
Highway. In addition, my Government owns
road building equipment valued at several hun-
dred thousand dollars which is being made
available for the construction of the Inter-
American Highway and which will substan-

tially increase the contribution of my Govern-
ment to the construction of the Highway. I
trust that these facts will constitute ample as-
surance that my Government has made the com-
mitments envisaged in the law to assume at least
one-third of the expenditures whicli are pro-
posed to be incurred henceforth by Costa Rica
and by the United States in the completion of
the survey and construction of the Inter- Ameri-
can Highway in Costa Rica in accordance with
present projjosals.

I take pleasure in enclosing herewith the
proper credentials.

With my highest regard, I beg [etc.]

Note from the Secretary of State to the Costa
Rican Minister of Public Works, Alfredo
Volio

My Dear Mr. Minister :

I wish to acknowledge receipt of your kind
note of January 16, 1942, in which, duly au-
thorized by your Government, you request the
cooperation of the Government of the United
States in the construction of the Inter-Ameri-
can Highway in Costa Rica, and in which you
offer the assurances required by Public Law
375 of December 26, 1941, in connection with
such cooperation.

I take pleasure in informing you that the
assurances which you offer are satisfactory to
this Government. It is consequently the in-
tention of this Government to extend to the
Costa Rican Government the cooperation en-
visaged in the Law, subject to the appropria-
tion of the necessary funds by the Congress of
the United States and to the receipt of the nec-
essary assurances from the other Republics
mentioned in the Law.

You are, of course, aware that by the terms
of the Law the survey and construction work
it authorizes shall be under the administration
of the Public Roads Administration, Federal
Works Agency. It is understood that you are
now making a subsidiary agreement with the
Administration to carry out this provision of
the Law.

I wish to thank you for your courtesy in
forwarding your credentials to me.

I am [etc.]

Legislation

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

partment of State, for the Fiscal Year 1942, Amount-
ing to $5,000,000 [for emergencies arising in tlie
Diplomatic and Consular Service, 1942]. (H.Doc.
556 77tti Cong., 2d sess.) 2 pp.

Report of the Secretary of State, Showing Receipts and
Disbursements on Account of Refunds, Allowances,
and Annuities: Message From the President of tie
United States Transmitting a Report by the Secre-
tary of State Showing All Receipts and Disburse-
ments on Account of Refunds, Allowances, and An-
nuities for the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 1941. ( H.
Doc. 563, 77th Cong., 2d sess.) 6 pp.

Supplemental Estimate of Appropriations for tiie
Department of State: Communication From the
President of the United States Transmitting Sup-
plemental Estimate of Appropriations for the De-

Publications

Military Mission : Agreement Between the United

States of America and Haiti — Signed May 23, 1941 ;

effective May 23, 1941. Executive Agreement Series

213. Publication 1658. 11 pp. 50.
Diplomatic List, January 1942. Publication 1677.

Subscription, $1 a year ; single copy, 100.

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C. — Price 10 cents Subscription price, $2.75 a year

PDBLISHED WEEKLr WITH THE APPROVAL OF THE DIRECTOR OP THE BUREAU OF THE BUDGET

THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE

BULLETIN

JANUARY 24, 1942
Vol. VI, No. 135— Publication 1689

ontents

The War Pae^

Third Meeting of Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the
American Republics:

Address by the Under Secretary of State 77

Views of the President of Brazil on hemispheric

solidarity 79

Comment of the Secretary of State on Senator Con-

nally's press conference 79

Exchange of diplomatic and consular personnel ... 79

Americans in the Far East 79

Aid to Americans stranded abroad 80

Coordination of relief activities 80

Lend-lease operations: Procedure for handling prob-
lems arising in connection with the British White
Paper of September 10, 1941 81

Cultural Relations
Visit of eminent composer from Brazil 83

The Foreign Service

Personnel changes 83

Treaty Information
Promotion of peace: Treaty With the Union of South
Africa Amending the Treaty for the Advancement
of Peace With Great Britain, Signed September 15,

1914 83

Legislation 84

Regulations 84

Publications 84

The War

THIRD MEETING OF MINISTERS OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF THE
AMERICAN REPUBLICS

ADDRESS BY THE UNDER SECRETARY OF STATE '

[Released to the press January 24]

At a time of the gi-eatest crisis which has ever
confronted the American republics the Amer-
ican Foreign Ministers have been meeting here
in this great Capital of Brazil during the past
10 days. As you all know the purpose of the
meeting has been to determine what steps
should be taken for the common defense and
for the safeguarding of the best interest of the
peoples of the 21 nations.

The closing session of our meeting will take
place on Monday next. I can now say, how-
ever, without a shadow of doubt that every one
of my associates will agree with me when I
state that we have met with the utmost measure
of success in attaining the objectives which we
sought. As our gi-eat chairman, Oswaldo
Aranha, the Foreign Minister of Brazil, has
said "this is a meeting of deeds and not of
words".

Yesterday the govermnents of 21 American
republics ofiBcially and unanimously pro-
claimed that they jointly recommended the
severance of diplomatic relations between all
of the American republics and the Govern-
ments of Japan, Germany, and Italy because of
the aggi-ession committed by a member of the
Tripartite Pact against one of the American
family of nations, namely, the United States.
This means that the diplomatic and consular

' Delivered by Mr. Welles, who is United States rep-
resentative at the Meeting, on January 24, 1942, and
broadcast from Rio de Janeiro over the facilities of
the National Broadcasting Co.

agents of the Axis Powers within the American
republics will no longer be able to use territory
within the Western Hemisphere as their basis
of activities against us and our allies.

For the first time in the history of our hemi-
sphere joint action of the highest political
character has been taken by all of the American
nations acting together without dissent and
without reservation.

It is true that we have not all seen eye to eye
as to the exact details of the agreement which
has been reached, but the objectives which all
of us had in mind have been completely at-
tained and, what is everlastingly important, the
complete unity and solidarity of the 21 Amer-
ican rejjublics has been preserved.

The economic resolutions of the meeting have
reached a degree of importance and immedi-
acy not attained by those of earlier conferences.
Most significant, of course, is the resolution
calling for the immediate breaking off of all
commercial and financial intercourse direct or
indirect with the Axis Nations and the suspen-
sion of any other commercial and financial ac-
tivities prejudicial to the welfare and security
of the American republics. In accordance with
this resolution not only will all direct economic
relations with the Axis be terminated but Axis
nationals and other persons inimical to the
Americas will not be permitted, through control
of corporations and other enterprises or by
means of the profits arising out of business ac-
tivity with or within the American republics, to

QiiPFRiNTFWnENT OF DOCUMENTS

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BtJLLETrN

enter into any activities subversive to the wel-
fare and defense of the continent.

The resokition also provides for the control,
supervision, reorganization, or seizure of such
enterprises in order that they may be operated
under governm.ent auspices or otlierwise in tlie
interests of the economy of the particular Amer-
ican republic involved. Measures are also to be
taken to alleviate any injuries to the economies
of the American republics which may arise out
of the application of these measures of restric-
tion and control.

The meeting has also adopted other measures
of great significance to our war and defense ef-
fort. Among these is a strong resolution call-
ing for the most complete cooperation of all the
nations of the hemisphere in increasing by all
l^ossible means the production of the strategic
materials essential for the conduct of the war
and the defense of our country and recommend-
ing mechanisms and measures for attaining this
objective. Recognizing tliat tlie production of
materials is of little avail unless adequate trans-
portation is provided, the meeting has also
recommended the most rapid development of
essential means of transportation, with par-
ticular emphasis on the closest coordination of
shijjping services in order to give preference to
the speedy delivery of those strategic materials
without which war cannot be waged, adequate
defenses prepared, and the economies of our
nations maintained. In accordance with this
resolution the Axis merchant vessels immobil-
ized in ports of the hemisphere which have al-
ready been acquired by the governments of the
resjaective nations will now be placed immedi-
ately into efficient and closely coordinated serv-
ice along with the merchant fleets of all of the
American nations. To this end the maritime
authorities of all of the republics will work
closely together in scheduling and routing the
vessels under their control.

In preparing these measures of economic soli-
darity looking towards the defense of the con-
tinent and resistance against the aggressor
nations the meeting has not overlooked the
necessity of assuring full consideration by the
exporting nations of the minimum import re-

quirements of commodities essential to the
maintenance of the economic life of all of them.
In accordance with this resolution appropriate
mechanisms will be set up in each country to
present accurate statements of the import re-
quirements of each, export quotas will be deter-
mined wherever possible and in a measure
consistent with exigencies of war and defense,
and mechanisms for equitable distribution will
be established in the importing countries. All
of these measures will tie in closely with the
priority and allocations procedures already
established in the United States, and on its part
tlie United States has already announced that
it would give to tlie civilian needs of the other
American republics considei-ation equal and
proportionate to that given to its own civilian
needs.

In connection with these problems of supply
of commodities essential to the maintenance of
economic activity the meeting has also consid-
ered questions of fair and equitable prices both
for imported and exported products. In this
field it has recommended that undue price in-
crease be avoided ; that domestic price ceilings
be extended to cover exports with due regard
to the additional costs involved in exporting;
that importing countries prevent any runaway
price increases in scarce imported commodities ;
and tliat every effort be made to assure a fair
relationship between the prices of exports and
imports, of agricultural and mineral raw ma-
terials and manufactured products.

In addition to the financial and economic
measures of control to which I have just re-
ferred, the foreign ministers of the American
republics have reached unanimous agreement on
a number of other practical measures for assur-
ing the security of the hemisphere.

All subversive activities directed by the Axis
Powers or states subservient to them are brought
under rigid control ; telecommunications —
whether by telephone, telegraph, or radio — are
likewise brought under strict control in order
that they may not be used by or for the benefit
of the aggressor nations ; nationals or compa-
nies of the Axis Powers ai'e prevented from
operating civilian or commercial aircraft ; and

JANtTARY 24, 1942

procedures have been established for coordinat-
ing the activities of all the American republics
in all matters relating to their national security.
As all of the delegates of the 21 governments
leave the closing session of our meeting Monday
I think we will all of us leave with the convic-
tion deep in our hearts that there exists today a
more practical, a more solid, and a more real Pan
Americanism than has ever existed in the history
of the world.

VIEWS OF THE PRESIDENT OF BRAZIL ON
HEMISPHERIC SOLIDARITY

[Released to the press January 19]

The Secretary of State made the following
statement :

"The words of President Vargas before the
Brazilian Press Association are a further indi-
cation of his comprehensive and clear-sighted
understanding of the meaning of hemisphere
solidarity. In a few words the President has
simply stated the fundamental truth that the
independence and security and welfare of all
of us is today contingent upon the closest col-
laboration now that war, through no act of our
own, has come to the Western Hemisjohere.
TJie President's words have given us all great
encouragement."

COMMENT OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE
ON SENATOR CONNALLY'S PRESS CON-
FERENCE

[Released to the press January 21]

The Secretary of State was asked whether the
questions taken up in Senator Comially's press
conference on January 21 had been discussed
with the Secretary by the Senator. He replied
that they had not and added that members of
the legislative department of the Government
are accustomed to express their indi\'idual views
relating to public questions. Their views and
attitude so expressed, as in the present case, are,
of course, not to be construed as representing
the views of the executive branch of the Gov-
ernment and they are not the views of this Gov-
ernment.

EXCHANGE OF DIPLOMATIC AND
CONSULAR PERSONNEL

(Released to the press January 20]

The Bulgarian Government has permitted the
American representatives in Bulgaria to depart
on the understanding that the American Gov-
ernment guarantee that the former Bulgarian
representatives in the United States would be
delivered safely to Europe. Such Bulgarian
representatives will be repatriated along with
the former representatives of other European
governments.

The Hungarian Government has permitted
the departure of the American diplomatic and
consular personnel to proceed to Portugal on
the understanding with the Portuguese Govern-
ment that that Government would allow such
representatives to remain in Portugal, not to
depart until the arrival there of the members of
the former Hungarian diplomatic and consular
establishments from the United States.

Negotiations looking to the exchange of
American diplomatic and consular officials for
the former representatives in the United States
of the governments with whicli we are now at
war are proceeding. The proposals of the
American Government in this connection have
been accepted in principle and in some particu-
lars by Germany, Japan, Italy, and Rumania,
but other essential particulars are still the sub-
ject of negotiation.

AMERICANS IN THE FAR EAST

[Released to the press January 23]

According to a telegram under date of Janu-
ary 21 from the American Consulate General at
Singapore, there are at present 193 American
nationals in Malaya; of these, 8 are believed to
be in territoiy now occupied by the Japanese
military, namely: Robert Parrott, Pearl Moy
Wong and child, Mr. and Mrs. Herbert Ho and
their two children, and Burr Baughman. The
remaining 185 Americans are all reported to be
on the Island of Singapore; of this group, 87
are women and children. The telegram stated
that no casualties have been reported among the
American community in Malaya. ...

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

AID TO AMERICANS STRANDED
ABROAD

[Released to the press January 20]

In line with the Department's efforts ever
since international conditions became disturbed
to assist, as far as possible, Americans stranded
abroad in dangerous areas to return to the
United States, the Department has recently ar-
ranged with the Department of Commerce and
the United States Maritime Commission for an
extension of the arrangements by which Ameri-
can-flag vessels, wherever available in the Far
and Middle East, may carry from dangerous
areas there as many passengers as possible with-
in the limits of safety beyond the normal carry-
ing capacity of such vessels. The Department
has also made funds available to this Govern-
ment's representatives at dangerous places in
those areas from which advances may be made
as loans to needy Americans unable to finance
their return transportation to the United States,
or where such return transportation is not im-
mediately available, to places of greater safety
than the dangerous areas in which they find
themselves stranded.

The Department has also been giving careful
consideration to the problem of providing some
form of financial assistance to those Americans
who, due to the war, have been unable to return
to the United States from enemy and enemy-
occupied countries and who find themselves
stranded without financial resources.

Sometime ago the Department requested the
Swiss Government, which is representing Amer-
ican interests in enemy areas, to furnish the
Department, as soon as possible, a statement of
the financial situation of Americans in the va-
rious areas where this Government's interests
are under the protection of Switzerland and an
estimate of the amount of funds immediately
needed to relieve their situation. The Swiss
Government was likewise requested to furnish
the Department, in behalf of Americans in en-
emy areas having resources in the United States
upon which they can draw, the names and ad-
dresses of persons in this coimtry to be ap-
proached, the amount needed, and purposes for

which desired. Upon receipt of this informa-
tion the Department hopes to put into effect a
satisfactory procedure for transmitting funds
from private sources in the United States to
needy Americans in enemy or enemy-occupied
areas, as well as for providing temporary finan-
cial assistance to needy Americans in those areas
who may be without private resources. In the
meantime, the Swiss Government has been re-
quested to authorize its representatives in enemy
territory wherever the need is determined to be
urgent to make small relief payments to those
Americans having need of immediate financial
assistance.

COORDINATION OF RELIEF ACTIVITIES

[Released to the press by the President's Committee on War
Relief Agencies January 22]

The President's Committee on War Relief j
Agencies,' through Mr. Joseph E. Davies, Chair- I
man, issued the following statement on Janu-
ary 22:

The Committee has already suggested to for-
eign war-relief agencies in the United States the
desirability of continuing their efforts for ur-
gent foreign-relief needs, for morale as well as
material considerations but to slow down and
give the right-of-way to the Red Cross and
other domestic agencies since the United States
is now in the war. The Committee has, more-
over, definitely recommended to all that these J
foreign relief agencies do not embark as such ^
in the domestic field and tliat they do not under-
take any new activities without first clearing
through the Committee in order to assure that
there is no duplication with already existing
agencies. For all of these various foreign agen-
cies to enter the domestic field would, in the
Committee's opinion, only make confusion worse
confounded.

It is recalled that the purposes of the Com-
mittee, as recommended by the Secretary of
State to the President and approved by him, are
to suggest the appropriate steps which might
be taken to presence local and essential welfare
services and to maintain a balance between the

' See the Bulletin of March 15, 1941, p. 281, and
March 22, 1941, p. 336.

JANUARY 2 4, 19 42

facilities and resources available for foreign
war relief, with particular regard to the financ-
ing of new welfare activities in connection with
national-defense measures and so avoid the dan-
ger tliat all of these efforts, while inspired by
the finest human instincts, might be frustrated
if conducted without regard to one another and
without proper coordination.

While the earlier activities of the Committee
have had to do primarily with the coordination

of foreign relief, the United States declaration
of war has changed the situation, and at pres-
ent its main interests and responsibilities have
to do with the coordination of those services to
the armed forces of the United States toward
which the American public has been asked to
contribute and for which there will be further
appeals to the public.

LEND-LEASE OPERATIONS

PROCEDURE FOR HANDLING PROBLEMS ARISING IN CONNECTION WITH THE
BRITISH WHITE PAPER OF SEPTEMBER 10, 1941

On September 10, 1941 Mr. Anthony Eden,
British Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs,
communicated to the Department, through the
American Ambassador, Mr. John G. Winant, a
memorandum with respect to "the policy of
His Majesty's Government in the United King-
dom in connexion with the use of materials re-
ceived under the Lend-Lease Act". This mem-
orandum was issued as the British White
Paper of September 10, 1941, and is sometimes
informally referred to as "the Eden Memoran-
dum".^

It was clear from the outset that many prob-
lems would arise in the course of the adminis-
trative application of the White Paper which
would involve either questions of interpreta-
tion of its provisions or the recognition, in par-
ticular cases, of exceptional circumstances war-
ranting deviation from the principles incor-
porated in it. After informal discussion by
officials of both Governments, it was agi'eed
that a regular procedure should be established
for consultation on questions of interpretation
and for clearing with the Government of the
United States requests for export licenses in
the United Kingdom involving possible devia-
tion from or exception to the terms of the
Wliite Paper where necessary for the war effort
or otherwise essential for United States in-

' Bulletin of September 13, 1941, p. 204.

terests. It was likewise agreed that such re-
quests should be directed to and handled by the
Office of Lend-Lease Administration as the
agency directly responsible for the administra-
tion of the Lend-Lease Act, and not to other
agencies of the Government.

In order, however, to assist the Office of Lend-
Lease Administration in passing on such re-
cjuests, particularly with respect to their broader
implications from the standpoint of foreign
trade and commercial policy, informal arrange-
ments were established for furnishing to the
Office of Lend-Lease Administration, in an
orderly manner, advice and assistance from
other interested agencies of the Government. It
was recognized in this connection that the ap-
plication of the terms of the White Paper would
have policy implications extending beyond the
immediate range of the Lend-Lease Act as such.
Accordingly, there was set up, quite informally,
a committee known as the Interdepartmental
Advisory Committee on the Eden Memorandum,
under the chairmanship of Mr. Lynn R. Ed-
minster, of the Department of State; and this
committee has been functioning in this informal
way for a considerable number of weeks.

A particularly pressing problem arising out
of the application of the White Paper, involv-
ing, in turn, a further problem of administra-
tive procedure, arose in connection with the ap-

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BTJLLETEN

plication of paragraph 4, section (I), of the
White Paper. This provision relates to the use
in exports from the United Kingdom of mate-
rials similar to those provided under lend-lease
which are in short supply in the United States.
The British Government needed from the
United States Government a list of materials
"the use of which is being restricted in the
United States on grounds of short supply".
This list, which has from time to time been a
subject of discussion by the Interdepartmental
Committee, has been furnished to the British
Government by the Office of Lend-Lease Admin-
istration. It is, of course, subject to change at
the instance of the Office of Lend-Lease Admin-
istration.

As an outgrowth of this arrangement, it be-
came necessary to establish a method whereby,
in exceptional circumstances, this provision of
the Wliite Paper can be waived with respect to
particular oports containing materials similar
to an item on the list, and this has been done.

The essential feature of this procedure is the
maintenance of a routine by which the British
Board of Trade is apprised of the fact that the
United States Government does not object to —
]3erhaps even desires — the approval by the
Board of an export permit for the goods in
question. The actual initiation and routing of
the process may vary. If the desired permit is
for shipment to the United States, the Ameri-
can importer may have communicated his de-
sires directly to the United Kingdom supplier
or his agent, who then makes application to
the Board of Trade, in which case the Board
requests the British Embassy to ascertain
from the Office of Lend-Lease Administration
whether there is objection to the granting of the
permit.

In a great many cases, however, the process
is just the reverse. That is to say, the United
States firm which desires to import the par-
ticular goods in question communicates directly
either with the Office of Lend-Lease Adminis-
tration or with another agency of the Govern-
ment, which promptly refers the matter to the
Lend-Lease Office. If, after careful considera-
tion of the matter, including consultation with

other Government agencies concerned (includ-
ing the Department of State), the Office of
Lend-Lease Administration decides that such
importation is desirable or even essential to the
national interest, it takes the matter up with
the British Embassy, stating that it has no ob-
jection to the granting of an export waiver for
the goods in question. This advance approval
given by the Office of Lend-Lease Administra-
tion does not necessarily imply, however, that
the Board of Trade will in fact be able to grant
the export license, since there may be other
reasons why this cannot be done.

If the proposed shipment is to a country other
than the United States, the basis upon which the
British Board of Trade decides to initiate a
request will presumably be more or less similar
to the foregoing.

By agreement, a copy of each communication
addressed by the British Embassy to the Office
of Lend-Lease Administration is sent by the
Commercial Counselor of the Embassy to Mr.
Lynn R. Edminster, of the State Department,
who, as Special Assistant to the Secretary of
State, is assigned to this and related tasks by
Departmental Order 1006.' The purpose of this
is to give the State Department an opportunity
at the inception of each case to consider whether
any international aspects of direct interest to the
Department are involved. Whenever, in the
premises, any such aspect appears to be involved,
Mr. Edmin.ster clears the matter with appropri-
ate officials within the Department and infor-
mally communicates to the Office of Lend-Lease
Administration whatever observations may be
pertinent from the point of view of the Depart-
ment. Similarly, with respect to requests com-
municated directly to the Office of Lend-Lease
Administration by United States importers or
other domestic interests, it is imderstood that
any of these which involve, or appear to involve,
international aspects of concern to the State
Department will be brought to the attention of
the Department for further processing, as indi-
cated.

' Bulletin of December 6, 1941, p. 454.

JANUARY 24, 1942

Cultural Relations

VISIT OF EMINENT COMPOSER FROM
BRAZIL

Francisco Mignone, eminent Brazilian com-
poser, conductor, and educator, will arrive in the
United States February 4 from Rio de Janeiro
to visit music centers in this country at the in-
vitation of the Department of State.

Senhor Mignone is professor of conducting at
the National Scliool of Music of Brazil. He is
one of the most prolific of modern composers,
and his works include a wide range of genre:
symphonic poems, chamber music, ballet and
folk-dance, etc. The Brazilian exhibition at
the New York World's Fair contained a library
of records of Brazilian music produced under
his direction. The series included several of
Mignone's own compositions, especially note-
worthy among these being Congada, a vigor-
ous Afro-Brazilian dance from his opera
Contratador de Diamanten. One of his out-
standing productions is the ballet Maracatu
de Chico Rei, based on an interesting legend,
fictionized by Mario de Andrade, concerning a
tribe of slaves in the State of Minas Geraes.
The ballet features Afro-Brazilian music and
dances. His Italian opera, LTnnocente, was
presented in Rio in 1928.

Mignone's themes have often been inspired by
the music of the caipiras, Sao Paulo country-
folk of European ancestry, whose melodies he
frequently weaves into his most successful
compositions.

The Foreign Service

PERSONNEL CHANGES

[Released to the press January 24]

The following changes have occurred in the
Ajiierican Foreign Service since January 17,
1942:

Walworth Barbour, of Lexington, Mass.,
Third Secretary of Legation and Vice Consul

at Cairo, Egypt, has been designated Second
Secretary of Legation and Vice Consul at
Cairo, Egypt, and will serve in dual capacity.

Richard" D. Gatewood, of New York, N. Y.,
Third Secretary of Legation and Vice Consul
at Tegucigalpa, Honduras, has been assigned
as Vice Consul at Port-of-Spain, Trinidad,
British West Indies.

Robert W. Heingartner, of Canton, Ohio,
Consul at Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada, is
retiring from the Foreign Service, effective on
October 1, 1942.

The assignment of Thomas McEnelly, of
New York, N. Y., as Consul at Barcelona,
Spain, has been canceled. In lieu thereof, Mr.
McEnelly has been assigned as Consul at Tam-
pico, Tamaulipas, Mexico.

Edward J. Sparks, of New York, N. Y.,
Second Secretary of Legation and Consul at
Port-au-Prince, Haiti, has been designated
Second Secretary of Embassy and Consul at
Montevideo, Uruguay, and will serve in dual
capacity.

Harold S. Tewell, of Portal, N. Dak., Consul
at Habana, Cuba, has been assigned as Consul
General at Habana, Cuba.

Treaty Information

Compiled in the Treaty Division

PROMOTION OF PEACE

Treaty With the Union of South Africa Amend-
ing the Treaty for the Advancement of Peace
With Great Britain, Signed September 15,
1914

The Treaty With the Union of South Africa
Amending the Treaty for the Advancement of
Peace With Great Britain, Signed September
15, 1914 (Treaty Series 602), which was signed
April 2, 1940 (Treaty Series 966), provides for
the establishment of an international commis-
sion to be appointed within six months of the
date of the exchange of ratifications. The com-
mission is composed of five members, consisting

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

of one national member chosen by each partici-
pating government and one non-national mem-
ber chosen by each government from some third
country. The fifth member, or joint commis-
sioner, is chosen by agreement between the Gov-
ernment of the United States and the Govern-
ment of the Union of South Africa, it being
understood that he shall be a citizen of some
country of which no other member of the com-
mission is a citizen.

The Honorable Charalambos Simopoulos,
Greek Minister at London, has accepted the
joint invitation of the two Governments to serve
as Joint Commissioner on the commission.

The other members of the commission are as
follows :

American Commissioners:
National : Elbert Duncan Thomas, United States

Senate
Non-national: Sao-Ke Alfred Sze, former Chinese
Ambassador to the United States
Union Commissioners:
National: Ralph William Close, K.C., Minister of

the Union of South Africa at Washington
Non-national : Jonkheer F. Beelaerts van Blokland,
Vice President of the Netherlands Council of
State
Joint Commissioner:

Charalambos Simopoulos, Greek Minister at London

Legislation

Official Trip of Examination of Federal Activities in
South and Central America : Report of a subcommit-
tee of the Committee on Appropriations, House of
Representatives, 77th Cong., 1st sess., relative to
a trip taken by the subcommittee to South and
Central America. December 4, 1941. (Printed for
the use of the Committee on Appropriations.)
[Covers organization and activities of Foreign Serv-
ice establishments of the United States in the other
American republics and miscellaneous projects of
State Department and other Government agencies
designed to promote mutual understanding and good-
wiU.] 42 pp.

Expressing thanks for the cordial hospitality and
reception extended to a delegation of Members of

the House of Representatives of the United States
by high officials of the Governments of Argentina,
Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador,
El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico,
Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela.
H. Repts. 1615 to 1631, inclusive, 77th Cong., 2d sess.,
on H. Res. 351 to 367, inclusive. 1 p. each.

Amending the Nationality Act of 1940. H. Rept. 1632,
77th Cong., 2d sess., on H. R. 4743. 4 pp.

Independent Offices Appropriation Bill, 1943. H. Rept.
1643, 77th Cong., 2d sess., on H. R. 6430. 31 pp.

Amending the Foreign Agents Registration Act. H.
Rept. 1662, 77th Cong., 2d sess., on H. R. 6269. 3 pp.

Treasury Foreign Service Officers and Employees. S.
Rept. 965, 77th Cong., 2d sess., on S. 2075. 2 pp.

Supplemental Estimates of Appropriations for the De-
partment of State: Communication from the Presi-
dent of the United States transmitting two supple-
mental estimates of appropriations for the Depart-
ment of State, for the fiscal year 1942, amounting to
$950,000 [transportation. Foreign Service, 1942, $800,-
000, and contingent expenses. Department of State,
1942, $150,000]. 2 pp.

Great Lakes - St. Lawrence Basin : Hearings before the
Committee on Rivers and Harbors, House of Repre-
sentatives, 77th Cong., 1st sess., on the subject of the
improvement of the Great Lakes -St. Lawrence sea-
way and power project. Part 1, June 17 to July 9,
1941. (Revised.) [Statement by Assistant Secretary
of State Berle, pp. 19-94.] iv, 1104 pp., index.

Regulations

Control of Persons Entering and Leaving the United
States Pursuant to the Act of May 22, 1918, as
Amended: Aliens Entering. (Department of State
and Department of Justice.) 7 Federal Register
381 and 376.

Publications

Other Go\'ebnment Agencies
Progress of the Defense Program : Report of the Direc-
tor, Office of Facts and Figures, to the President of
the United States on the Progress of the Defense
Effort of the Federal Government as of December
31, 1941. S. Doe. 157, 77th Cong., 2d sess. 62 pp.
[Also issued as a pamphlet entitled "Report to the
Nation", 62 pp.]

For sale by the Superintendent ot Documents, Washington, D. C. — Price, 10 cents . - - - Subscription price, $2.75 a year

PUBLISHED WEGKLt WITH THB APPEOVAL OF THE OIBECTOB OF THE BUREAC OP THE BUDGET

THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE

BULLETIN

JANUARY 31, 1942
Vol. VI, No. 136— Publication 1693

(^ontents

The War Paee

Combined British- American raw materials, munitions,

and shipping boards 87

Third Meeting of Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the
American RepubUcs:
Exchange of telegrams between the Secretary of
State and the Brazilian Minister of Foreign

Affairs 88

Severance of relations by American republics with

the Axis Powers 89

Americans in the Far East 91

American prisoners of war 92

American property in enemy or enemy-occupied terri-
tory 93

Joint British-American relief to Greece 93

American Republics

Settlement of Peru-Ecuador boundary dispute .... 94

Cultural Relations

Visit to the United States of Peruvian critic and edu-
cator 94

General

Passport agency at Miami 95

Contributions for relief in belligerent countries .... 95

Treaty Information

Indian affairs: Convention Providing for the Creation

of an Inter- American Indian Institute 110

Postal: Universal Postal Convention, 1939 110

Regulations 112

Publications 112

Legislation 112

The War

COMBINED BRITISH-AMERICAN RAW MATERIALS, MUNITIONS, AND
SHIPPING BOARDS

[Released to the press by tbe White House January 26]

To further coordination of the United Nations
■war effort, the President and Prime Minister
Churchill have set up three boards to deal with
munition assignments, shipping adjustment,
and raw materials. The functions of these
boards are outlined in the following statements.

Members of the boards will confer with rep-
resentatives of the Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics, China, and such other of the United
Nations as are necessary to attain common pur-
poses and provide for the most effective utiliza-
tion of the joint resources of the United Nations.

Combined Kaw Materials Board

A planned and expeditious utilization of the
raw material resources of the United Nations
is necessary in the prosecution of the war. To
obtain such a utilization of our raw material
resources in the most efficient and speediest pos-
sible manner, we hereby create the "Combined
Raw Materials Board".

This Board will :

(a) Be composed of a representative of the
British Government and a representative of
the United States Government. The Brit-
ish member will represent and act under the
instruction of the Minister of Supply. The
Board shall have power to appoint the staff
necessary to carry out its responsibilities.

(b) Plan the best and speediest development,
expansion and use of the raw material re-
sources, under the jurisdiction or control
of the two Governments, and make the rec-
ommendations necessary to execute such

plans. Such recommendations shall be car-
ried out by all parts of the respective Gov-
ernments,
(c) In collaboration with others of the United
Nations work toward the best utilization of
their raw material resources, and, in col-
laboration with the interested nation or na-
tions, formulate plans and recommendations
for the development, expansion, purchase,
or other effective use of their raw materials.

Munitions Assignments Boabd

1. The entire munition resources of Great
Britain and the United States will be deemed
to be in a common pool, about which the fullest
information will be interchanged.

2. Committees will be formed in Washington
and London under the Combined Chiefs of Staff
in a manner similar to the South-West Pacific
Agreement. These Committees will advise on
all assignments both in quantity and priority,
whether to Great Britain and the United States
or other of the United Nations in accordance
with strategic needs.

3. In order that these Committees may be
fully apprised of the policy of their respective
Governments, the President will nominate a
civil Chairman who will preside over the Com-
mittee in Washington, and the Prime Minister
of Great Britain will make a similar nomination
in respect of the Committee in London. In each
case the Committee will be assisted by a Secre-
tariat capable of surveying every branch and
keeping in touch with the work of every sub-
committee as may be necessary.

«,s.

rtro 19 iy4Z

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

4. The Civilian Chairmen in Washington and
London may invite representatives of the State
Department, the Foreign Office or production
ministries or agencies to attend meetings.

Combined Shipping Adjttstment BOiVKD

1. In principle, the shipping resources of the
two countries will be deemed to be pooled. The
fullest information will be interchanged.

2. Owing to the military and physical facts
of the situation around the British Isles, the
entire movement of shipping now under the
control of Great Britain will continue to be
directed by the Ministry of War Transport.

3. Similarly, the appropriate Authority in
the United States will continue to direct the
movements and allocations of United States
shipping, or shipping of other Powers under
United States control.

4. In order to adjust and concert in one har-
monious policy the work of the British Ministry
of War Transport and the shipping authorities
of the United States Government, there will be
established forthwith in Washington a com-
bined shipping adjustment board, consisting of
a representative of the United States and a
representative of the British Government, who
will represent and act under the instructions
of the British Minister of War Transport.

5. A similar adjustment board will be set up
in London consisting of the Minister of War
Transport and a representative of the United
States Government.

6. In both cases the executive power will be
exercised solely by the appropriate shipping
agency in Washington and by the Minister of
War Transport in London.

THIRD MEETING OF MINISTERS OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF THE AMERICAN

REPUBLICS

EXCHANGE OF TELEGRAMS BETWEEN THE SECRETARY OF STATE AND THE
BRAZILIAN MINISTER OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS

[Released to the press January 28)

The texts of an exchange of telegi-ams be-
tween the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Brazil.
His Excellency Dr. Oswaldo Aranha, and the
Honorable Cordell Hull, Secretary of State,
follow :

"Kio DE Janeied,
'■'January 2Jf, 19i2.

"I profoundly regretted that my eminent
friend and colleague was not present at the
memorable session yestei'day to witness the con-
secration of the Pan American ideal which he
has served with such devotion. It deeply
stirred me to hear from our colleagues, the
Ministers of Foreign Affairs of America, the
noble and firm woi-ds of cohesion and decision
of the American peoples and the assurance that
each one and all of the countries today more
than ever before are disposed to transform into
reality the ideal of American solidarity, adopt-

ing immediately those measures that are
important for common action against the
aggressors attacking our continent.

OsWALDO AkANHA"

"January 27, 1942.

"I am deeply appreciative of your kindness
in informing me of the inspiring harmony of
the American peoples as expressed by their
representatives at the Meeting of Foreign
Ministers, over which Your Excellency has so
ably presided, and particularly for your very
generous words regarding my participation in
the building, over the years, of the unprec-
edented unity of the Americas.

"I wish to extend to you and, through you, to
our colleagues, the Ministers of Foreign Affairs
of America, my warm congratulations upon the
notable contribution which the Meeting has
made to the progressive development of inter-

JANTJARY 31, 1942

American cooperation and solidarity. Step by
step, beginning with the Inter-American Con-
ference of Montevideo and continuing through
the meetings at Buenos Aires, Lima, Panama,
and Habana, the American Republics have
collaborated to make the Americas a secure and
impregnable stronghold of free and liberty
lovine nations.

"Please accept this expression of my personal
best wishes and my profound admiration for
your leadership and the outstanding statesman-
ship of our colleagues to whom I beg that you
will convey the sentiments of my personal
esteem and lasting friendship.

CoRDELL Hull"

SEVERANCE OF RELATIONS BY AMERICAN REPUBLICS WITH THE AXIS POWERS

Brazil

[Released to the press January 28]

The texts of an exchange of telegrams be-
tween the President of the United States of
Brazil, Dr. Getulio Vargas, and the President
of the United States follow:

"Rio de Janeiro,

^^ January 15, 19It2.
"I have the honor to advise Your Excellency
that I have just declared open the third meet-
ing for consultation of the Ministers of Foreign
Relations of the American republics. I con-
gratulate myself as well as Your Excellency on
this very important event which will mark, I
am certain, an auspicious date in the annals of
the history of the American peoples. I am con-
vinced that by this meeting in Rio de Janeiro
the common defense of the continent and po-
litical unity of America will be strengthened.
Getulio Vargas"

"January 28, 1942.

"The announcement that Brazil has severed
relations with Germany, Japan and Italy has
just reached me. It assures me once more of the
support of your great country at a time of bitter
struggle against forces whose actions and poli-
cies have been unanimously condemned by the
twenty-one American reijublics.

"The achievements of the past ten days have
indeed fully and brilliantly borne out the
prophetic remarks contained in your welcome

telegram of January 15 advising me of the in-
auguration of the Third Consultative Meeting
of Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the American
Republics at Rio de Janeiro.

"I know, as do the people of the entire conti-
nent, the great debt of gratitude which we all
owe to your clear-sighted leadership. Conti-
nental solidarity, as defined by you in your ad-
dress of greeting to the Foreign Ministers, has
been greatly strengthened. The American Re-
publics have won a magnificent triumph over
those who have endeavored to sow disunity
among them and to prevent them from taking
action essential for the preservation of their
liberties. That triumph has been sealed by the
prompt and forthright decision of your Gov-
ernment and of the other American Govern-
ments which have reached similar decisions.

"Your personal friendship in these critical
times is a source of constant inspiration to me.
The determination and vision with which you
are meeting the emergency which confronts free
peoples everywhere have greatly heartened the
people of the United States.

FR.\NiiLiN D Roosevelt"

Peru

[Released to the press January 29]

The President of the United States addressed
the following telegram to the President of the
Republic of Peru, His Excellency Manuel Prado
y Ugarteche, on January 28, 1942 :

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BtTLLETm

"Your Excellency's Ambassador in Washing-
ton has officially conveyed the information that
your Government has severed relations with
Germany, Japan and Italy.

"It is a source of the greatest satisfaction to
me and to the people of the United States to
learn that the Government and people of Peru
have by this action reaffirmed in an unequivocal
and practical manner their position in the
struggle against the forces which are endeavor-
ing to execute a long-planned program of world
conquest.

"It gives me pleasure at this time to express
to you my profound appreciation for the out-
standing part which you and your Government
have played in the development and strengthen-
ing of the concept of practical and effective in-
ter-American solidarity which has found its
highest expression in the achievements of the
Meeting at Rio de Janeiro. I am also glad to
reiterate my finn confidence that our two Gov-
ernments, particularly during this period of
emergency, will continue in every way to co-
operate together in measures designed to fur-
ther the economic and political defense of the
Americas. Please accept my best wishes for
Your Excellency's personal well being.

Franklin D RoosimxT"

Bolivia

[Released to the press January 30]

The President sent the following telegram
to the President of the Republic of Bolivia,
General Enrique Penaranda, on January 29,
1942:

"The Charge d'Affaires of Bolivia in Wash-
ington has officially informed this Government
that Your Excellency's Government has sev-
ered diplomatic relations with Germany, Italy
and Japan.

"This action by the Government of Bolivia
reaffirms again in a very practical manner the
attitude of the people and Government of

Bolivia toward the aggressor nations which
threaten the safety of the institutions and prin-
ciples of this hemisphere.

"The firm stand taken by Your Excellency
and Your Excellency's Government in support
of practical and effective inter-American soli-
darity, and the very real contribution made by
Your Excellency's Minister of Foreign Affairs
at the Consultative Meeting in Rio de Janeiro,
have greatly strengthened the spirit of collab-
oration which now exists between the Republics
of this Hemisphere.

"Permit me, Excellency, in sending you my
own best wishes, to express my confidence in the
continued effectiveness of cooperation between
our two Governments in the defense of the
Hemisphere.

Franklin D Roosevelt"

Uruguay

The following telegram was sent to the J
President of the Republic of Uruguay, His "
Excellency General Alfredo Baldomir, by the
President of the United States on January 30,
1942:

"I have learned from Your Excellency's Am-
bassador in Washington that the Government
of Uruguay has severed diplomatic, commercial j
and financial relations with Japan, Germany I
and Italy.

"This action is a further decisive manifesta-
tion of the determined will of the Uruguayan
Government and people to collaborate to the
utmost in the defense of the Hemisphere. The
people of the United States, who are proud to
share with the people of Uruguay a devotion to
democratic institutions, welcome so significant
a reaffirmation of the common ideals of the two
peoples.

"The vigorous and effective contribution made
by Dr. Alberto Guani to the notable achieve-
ments of the Consultative Meeting at Rio de
Janeiro has earned renewed applause for the
forthright and courageous position of your
Government in the world struggle. The tri-

JANUARY 31, 1942

umph of the principles of international justice
is inevitable and has, I am confident, been
hastened b_y reason of the demonstration of
imity which we have just witnessed on the part
of the twenty-one free republics of the Western
Hemisphere.

"Permit me to give you my renewed assur-
ances of my personal desire to collaborate in
every practicable way with you and your Gov-
ernment. With very best wishes.

Franklin D Koosevelt"

Paraguay

The President sent the following telegram on
January 31, 1942 to the President of the Re-
public of Paraguay, General Higinio Morinigo :

"I have learned of the action of Your Ex-
cellency's Government severing diplomatic
relations with Japan, Germany, and Italy.

"This decisive stand by your Government is
to me a deeply gratifying reaffirmation of the
determination of the people of Paraguay to
cooperate in full measure in the united en-
deavors of the American republics to preserve
their free institutions. I join my countrymen
in welcoming this prompt response by Paraguay
to the unanimous recommendation of the Meet-
ing of Foreign Ministers at Rio de Janeiro and
in expressing admiration of the firm action of
the Paraguayan Delegation at Rio de Janeiro.

"It is my conviction that the spirit of inter-
American cooperation, which has been given
new significance by the practical measures
adopted after consultation among the Govern-
ments of the American republics, will prove to
be an unshakeable bulwark of the principles of
international justice.

"Please accept my most cordial wishes for
your personal well-being.

Franklin D Roosevelt*'

Ambassador in Washington that the Govern-
ment of Ecuador has severed diplomatic and
consular relations with Germany, Italy and
Japan.

"This decisive step by your Government con-
clusively demonstrates the earnest determina-
tion of the people of Ecuador to cooperate
wholeheartedly in every practicable way to
guarantee the continued independence of the
free peoples of this Hemisphere. The people
of the United States share with me a cordial
satisfaction in welcoming Ecuador among the
nations which have taken their stand in accord-
ance with the unanimous recommendation of
the recent Meeting at Rio de Janeiro.

"I also welcome this occasion to congratulate
Your Excellency on the able manner in which
Your Excellency's Minister of Foreign Affairs
contributed to the memorable achievements of
the Consultative Meeting at Rio de Janeiro.

"Please accept my cordial personal wishes for
3'our own welfare and the expression of my
sincere faith that our two Governments will
continue in friendly and effective cooperation
for the furtherance of the common objectives
of the American republics.

Franklin D Roosevelt"

American republics which have declared war
on Japan, Germany, and Italy are Costa Rica,
Cuba, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guate-
mala, Haiti, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama.
Nicaragua has, in addition, declared war on
Rumania, Hungary, and Bulgaria. Those re-
publics which have severed relations with
Japan, Germany, and Italy are Bolivia, Brazil,
Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru,
Uruguay, and Venezuela. Mexico has also
severed relations with Bulgaria, Hungary, and
Rumania.

Ecuador

The President sent the following telegram
on January 31, 1942 to the President of the
Republic of Ecuador, Carlos Arroyo Del Rio:

"I have been informed by Your Excellency's

AMERICANS IN THE FAR EAST

[Released to the press January 28]

According to information received from Brit-
ish authorities in Lisbon, all American na-
tionals in Hong Kong are well,

[Released to the press January 26)

The Swiss ]\Iinister at Tokyo has reported the.
following information through his Foreign
OflBce at Bern in regard to the welfare of those
American citizens wlio have been placed in de-
tention by the Japanese authorities : 13 Ameri-
cans are housed in an old convent at Tokyo, 2
in a school at Kobe, 16 in the Race Course
Buildings and 8 in the Swimming Club in
Yokohama. They are strictly guarded and
cannot leave the buildings; however, they re-
ceive visitors, food, and laundry. They have
a weekly medical examination and are all in
good health. Conditions are sanitary but prim-
itive and equipment only temporary. Only
men have been detained; their wives are fi-ee.
The Swiss Minister is doing everything in his
power to ameliorate the situation.

The Department's records indicate that as of
October 1, American nationals in the Japanese
Empire numbered 363.

AMERICAN PRISONERS OF WAR

[Released to the press by the American Red Cross January 30]

Information on the welfare of American pris-
oners taken by the Japanese from Wake Island,
Guam, the Philippine Islands, and other points
in the Pacific soon may be available to their rela-
tives here, Chairman Norman H. Davis of the
American Red Cross announced on January 30.

The announcement followed receipt by Mr.
Davis of official notification from the Interna-
tional Red Cross in Geneva that the Japanese
Government accepted appointment of a delegate
from the International Red Cross and agreed
to "transmit through the Central Agency,
Geneva, information concerning prisoners of
war on the basis of reciprocity". The Japanese
Government also stated that it was ready to
exchange information concerning interned non-
combatants "as far as possible". The Japanese
Government, by decree of December 27, 1941,
established a Prisoners of War Information
Bureau in Tokyo.

OflBcial advices received by Mr. Davis stated
that Dr. Paravicini, a Swiss citizen, had been
appointed International Red Cross delegate in

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

Tokyo. Mr. Marc Peter, former Swiss Minis-
ter to the United States, occupies a similar post
with headquarters in Washington. At Mr.
Peter's headquarters it was stated that Dr. Para-
vicini probably is a physician, long resident in
Tokyo.

While the official advices received January
30 refer only to the readiness of the Japanese
Government to transmit information concerning
prisoners of war, the American Red Cross antici-
pates consent for shipment from the United
States and other points, and distribution by the
International Red Cross Committee, of food,
some types of clothing, and other comforts.

Plans now under way by the American Red
Cross, in cooperation with the Red Cross so-
cieties of Great Britain, Australia, and Can-
ada, include, first, a shipment of foodstuffs from
Australia for their respective imprisoned na-
tionals. This shipload of food will go from
Australia because of its proximity to Japan in
order that aid to the American prisoners may
be expedited. Second, one or more ships will
be chartered to carry prisoners-of-war boxes as
well as clothing supplies to American prisoners
in the Far East.

Chairman Davis stated that the first action
under the agreement announced January 30
would bo exchange between the United States
and Japan of names of prisoners of war and
non-combatants or interned nationals.

The next of kin in the United States will
receive word from the Prisoners of War Infor-
mation Bureau in the office of the Provost
Marshal of the United States Army as soon as
these lists are received in Washington. In-
quiries received through Red Cross chapters
will be cleared through this Bureau and, if
necessary, through the International Red Cross
Committee in Geneva.

Letters to American prisoners of war may be
mailed free of charge through the regular post-
office channels, provided the next of kin has
been informed of prison-camp number and ad-
dress where the prisoner is held. Freedom from
postal charges is guaranteed by the convention
of Geneva of 1929 regarding prisoners of war.

JANUARY 31, 1942

Mr. Davis pointed out that, while under the
treaty of Geneva the detaining power agrees to
furnish food and clothing to prisoners of war,
the American Ked Cross plans to meet certain
supplementary necessities. Shipments of the
regular prisoners-of-war packages, standard
with the American Red Cross, containing sup-
plementary foodstuffs and cigarettes, will be
sent. Prisoners must wear regulation outer
clothing, usually that of the military-service
branch to which they are attached, but supple-
mentary clothing, such as underwear, knitted
garments, socks, and shoes may be furnished
by the American Red Cross, upon request from
the International Red Cross delegate.

AMERICAN PROPERTY IN ENEMY OR
ENEMY-OCCUPIED TERRITORY

Since the outbreak of war many inquiries
have been received with regard to what action,
if any, the Department is in a position to
take for the protection or recovery of property
abroad owned by American citizens. While
there is no requirement that American owners
of properties located in enemy, or ally of enemy,
territory, or in territory occuijied by their forces,
shall furnish the Department with information
concerning such properties, and while the De-
partment, in view of the existing state of war,
is not in a position at this time to take any
action regarding such properties, it is prepared
to receive, for its information, statements in
relation to such properties. The statements
should include all available information on the
following points:

1. The nature of the property, its estimated
value, and its exact location.

2. When, how, and from whom the property
was acquired and, if by purchase, the consid-
eration paid therefor.

3. Whether the property is entirely or partly
owned by an American citizen, or by an Ameri-
can organization, or by a foreign organization
in which American citizens possess a financial
interest.

4. The date and manner of the acquisition of
American citizenship.

441156 — 42 2

5. If there is any alien interest in the prop-
erty, or in the American or foreign organiza-
tion in which title to the property is vested,
the nature and extent of such interest and the
name and nationality of the alien possessing
the interest.

6. If the property has been seized, seques-
trated, damaged, lost, or destroyed, the known
facts in relation thereto.

JOINT BRITISH- AMERICAN RELIEF TO
GREECE

[Released to the press January 27]

The following statement was made on Jan-
uary 27, with the approval of the American
Government, by Dr. Hugh Dalton, British Min-
ister of Economic Warfare, in the British
House of Commons :

"The United Kingdom and United States
Governments have viewed with increasing dis-
may the appalling conditions obtaining in
Greece. Despite their undoubted ability to do
so, the German Government have done prac-
tically nothing to meet the situation created by
the pillage and extortion of their Armies in the
spring of 1941. They have indeed shown them-
selves quite indifferent to the fate of the Greek
population, no doubt because the industrial re-
sources of Greece are too small to be of any
value to the German war machine.

"His Majesty's Government and the United
States Government have accordingly author-
ized a single shipment of eight thousand tons
of wheat to Greece to be applied under the
auspices of the International Red Cross in relief
of the present emergency. This is an addition
to the existing relief schemes, namely shipments
of foodstuff from Turkey (which is inside the
blockade area), and the proposed evacuation
of Greek children and nursing mothers.

"The two Governments, nevertheless, continue
to maintain in the most categorical manner
that it is incumbent upon the enemy to feed
the countries occupied by him and their policy
in this respect remains unaffected by the ex-
ception which it has been found necessary to
make in the special circumstances obtaining in
Greece."

American Republics

SETTLEMENT OF PERU-ECUADOR BOUNDARY DISPUTE

[Released to the press January 30]

The Secretary of State, referring to the re-
ported settlement of the Peru-Ecuador bound-
ary dispute, said that this was a peaceful
settlement in accordance with one of the ear-
liest policies of the good neighbor stemming
from Montevideo through all subsequent con-
ferences for peaceful settlement of disputes.
The Rio decision carries this out and makes it
all the more permanent in the policies of Pan
Americanism.

[Released to the press January 31]

The President sent the following telegram to
the President of the Republic of Ecuador,
Carlos Arroyo Del Rio, on January 31, 1942:

"I was profoundly gratified to learn of the
signature of the agreement at Rio de Janeiro by
Your Excellency's Government and the Peru-
vian Government. The spirit of cooperation
and cordial collaboration which resulted in this
act is a splendid expression of the high resolve
of the American republics that differences be-
tween them can and must be settled through
amicable discussion and just conciliation of op-
posing views. The willmgness of Ecuador and
Peru to reach a harmonious underetanding is
2)articularly gratifying at a time when the
danger to their liberties demands that the
American republics demonstrate to the world
their unanimous determination to devote them-
selves to the preservation of those ideals of
liberty and equity upon which their political
institutions are founded. The peoples of all
the American republics are deeply indebted to
Your Excellency for the part which you and
your distinguished Foreign Minister have
played in the achievement of this happy result.

"I congratulate Your Excellency and your
Minister of Foreign Affairs on this achieve-
ment.

Feanklin D Roosevelt"
94

The following telegram was also sent on
January 31 by the President to the President
of the Republic of Peru, Manuel Prado y
Ugarteche :

"The signature at Rio de Janeiro of the agree-
ment between Your Excellency's Government
and the Government of Ecuador with regard to
the boundary between the two comitries was
most welcome to me as I am sure it was not
only to the peoples of the two countries directly
concerned but to all those men of good will
throughout the Americas upon whom our con-
tinental solidarity, in the last analysis, depends.
Once more, and in a matter which for over a
century has threatened the peace of the conti-
nent, the American republics have demonstrated
their determination to settle their differences
through friendly consultation and mutual ad-
justment. This convincing application of the
doctrine of the Americas can not but hearten
us all in our struggle against those who recog-
nize only the rule of force in the relations
between nations.

"It gives me great pleasure to extend to you
and to your Foreign Minister my most hearty
congratulations.

Franklin D Roosev'elt"

Cultural Relations

VISIT TO THE UNITED STATES OF
PERUVIAN CRITIC AND EDUCATOR

(Released to the press January 30]

Estuardo Nuiiez, professor of literature in the
University of San Marcos, Lima, Pera, has ar-
rived in New York for a visit to educational
centers in the United States at the invitation
of the Department of State. Sefior Nunez, one
of the leading literary figui'es in the intellectual

JANUARY 31, 1942

life of his country, is president of the Insula
literary group. Ho was secretary of the Com-
mittee on Intellectual Cooperation at the Eighth
Conference of American States at Lima. Seiior
Nunez' authoritative and brilliant volume, The
Present Panorama of Peruvian Poetry, pub-
lished in 1938 and dedicated "To the poets of
my generation", is an important contribution
to i\\^ literary history of the Americas. His
other works include studies of the poetry of
Eguren, of expressionism in the indigenous po-
etry of Peru, and of Teutonic influence on
Peruvian jurisprudence.

A member of the bar, Seiior Nunez writes with
equal acuteness on both legal and literary ques-
tions; and both the law and literature will share
his interest during his stay in the United States.

He plans to examine our copyright legislation,
with a view to making recommendations to the
legislators of his own country, and to carry
out a study of United States labor laws in con-
nection with some specific "growing or unde-
veloped industry". He is also interested in mak-
ing a comparison of common law as the basis
of our State codes with the codes of the other
American republics.

As a member of the Ibero-American Institute
of Literature, Seiior Nunez plans to visit classes
on contemporary Spanisii-American literature
in various universities, and he has been given
a special mission from the Peruvian Ministry
of Education to examine and report upon United
States methods in university extension teaching.

General

PASSPORT AGENCY AT MIAMI

[Released to the press January 28]

In view of the critical circumstances of the
present time, the necessity of affording passport
facilities to citizens of the United States who
frequently travel between the United States
and the other American republics on important
official business, often in connection with pur-
poses vital to the war effort, and the respon-
sibility of the Department for the administra-
tion of the rules and regulations prescribed on
November 25, 1941, concerning the supervision
and control over the departure from and entry
into the United States of citizens of this coun-

try, the Department is establishing in Miami,
Fla., a passport agency, which Mill be open for
official business on February 2, 1942, or as near
that date as may be practicable. The agency
will, among its other duties, assist in the prep-
aration and execution of applications for pass-
ports and in the issuance, extension, renewal,
amendment, and validation of such documents.
Mr. Clifford O. Barker, an attorney, who has
been employed in the Department for many
years and has expert knowledge of passport
and citizenship matters, has been appointed
passport agent in Miami.

CONTRIBUTIONS FOR RELIEF IN BELLIGERENT COUNTRIES

[Released to the press January 29]

The following tabulation shows contribu-
tions collected and disbursed during the period
September 6, 1939 through December 31, 1941,
as shown in the reports submitted by persons
and organizations registered with the Secretary

of State for the solicitation and collection of
contributions to be used for relief in belligerent
countries, in conformity with the regulations
issued pursuant to section 3 (a) of the act of
May 1, 1937 as made effective by the President's
proclamations of September 5, 8, and 10, 1939,

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

and section 8 of the act of November 4, 1939
as made effective by the President's proclama-
tion of the same date.

This tabulation has reference only to con-
tributions solicited and collected for relief in
belligerent countries (France; Germany; Po-
land; the United Kingdom, India, Australia,
Canada, New Zealand, and the Union of South
Africa ; Norway ; Belgium ; Luxembourg ; Neth-
erlands; Italy; Greece; Yugoslavia; Hungary;
and Bulgaria) or for the relief of refugees
driven out of these countries by the present war.
The statistics set forth in the tabulation do not
include information regarding relief activities
which a number of organizations registered with

the Secretary of State may be carrying on in
non-belligerent countries, but for which regis-
tration is not required under the Neutrality Act
of 1939.

The American National Red Cross is required
by law to submit to the Secretary of War for
audit "a full, complete, and itemized report of
receipts and expenditures of whatever kind".
In order to avoid an unnecessary duplication of
work, this organization is not required to con-
form to the provisions of the regulations govern-
ing the solicitation and collection of contribu-
tions for relief in belligerent countries, and the
tabulation does not, therefore, include informa-
tion in regard to its activities.

Contributions for Relief in Belligerent Codntries

Funds spent

for relief in

countries

named

Unexpended
balance as of
Dec. 31, 1941,
including cost
of goods pur-
chased and
still on hand

Estimated
value of con-
tributions in
kind sent to

countries
named

Estimated
value of con-
tributions in
kind now on
band

Funds spent
for adminis-
tration, pub-
licity, af-
fairs, cam-
paigns, etc.

Adopt A Town Committee, Inc., New York, N.Y.,
Jan. 6, 1941. England _.

Agudas Israel of America. New York, N.Y., Aug. 14,
1941.* All belligerent countries

Aid to Britain, New York, N.Y., Aug. 14, 1941.
Great Britain and Germany

Aid to British Pharmacists, Washington, D.C.,
June 14, 1941. Great Britain

Aid for the Cote-Basque, New York, N.Y., Sept. 16,
1941. France

Albanian Relief Fund, Jamaica Plain, Me^., Mar. 21,
1941. Albania -

American Aid for .German War Prisoners, Buffalo,
N. Y., Sept. 27, 1940. Canada, Australia, New
Zealand, Great Britain, the Netherlands, and India. .

.\merican Association for Assistance to French Artists,
IncNew York, N.Y.,Jan.3, 1940. France

American Association of University Women, Wash-
ington, D.C., May 23, 1940, France, Great Britain,
and Canada..

American Board of Missions to the Jews, Inc., Brook-
lyn, N.Y., July 5, 1940. France, Belgium, Ger-
many, and Poland

The .\merican British Art Center, Inc., New York,
N.Y., June 26, 1941. t Great Britain and Canada....

American Cameronian Aid, Brooklyn, N.Y., Jan. 17,
1941. Scotland

American Chapter, Religious Emergency Council of
the Chief Rabbi of Great Britain, New York, N.Y.,
Aug. 30, 1941. Great Britain. _.

1, 208. 57

60.00

None

423.00

1,094.60

■,044.95

1, 454. 40
None
291.10

$9, 224. 79
None
None
None
None
None

17, 142. 84
16, 276. 82

21, 454. 00

14,173.67
None
161.23

2,000.00

$2. 397. 48

50.00

None

423. 00

4, 094. 50

6, 393. 29

2, 164. 93
879. 67

None
None
65.32

523. 76

$4, 195. 82
None
None
None
None
None

7, 767. 25
1,680.16

None

None
None
47.50

None

$100.00
None
None
None
None
None

447. 00
None

None

None
None
None

None

$1,586.30
None
None
None
None
061.66

1,817.92
6, 740. 10

None
74.66

•No report for the month of December has been received from this organization.

tNo reports for the months of November and December have been received! rom this organization.

JANUARY 31, 1942

CoNTErauTTONS FOB REr-iEF IN Beixigekent COUNTRIES — Continued

Name of registrant, location, date of registration, and
destination of contributions

Funds re-
ceived

Funds spent

for relief in

countries

named

Unexpended
balance as of
Dec. 31, 1941,
including cost
of goods pur-
chased and
still on hand

Estimated
value of con-
tributions in
kind sent to
countries
named

Estimated
value of con-
tributions in
kind now on
hand

Funds spent
for adminis-
tration, pub-
licity, af-
fairs, cam-
paigns, etc.

American Committee for British Catholic Relief,
Washington, D.C., Mar. 4, 1941. Great Britain. ...

American Committee for Christian Refugees, Inc.,
New York, N.Y., Sept. 26, 1939. Germany, France,

$19,997.37
18, 467. 76

73,627.34
4, 873. 72

36, 155. 03
15,081.66

5, 122. ,50

6. 244. 30
548,763.36

20, 282. 64
91,955.69
15, 531. 78

48, 159. 64

5, 149. 14
361,254.45

4,782.84
2, 566. 92

474. 348. 15
25, 417. 70
29, 166. 66

7, 609. 76
8,615.00

6,117,458.96

$10,043.28
18, 457. 76

66, 862. 15
850.00

32,581.90
8,284.79

None

6, 020. 76

428, 760. 37

14,210.46
67,609.87
9, 923. 23

39, 875. 74

4, 367. 00
263, 616. 80

1.927.02
428.77

435, 187. 67

6, 790. 16

24, 783. 67

6, 673. 70

635. 41

4,588,696.93

$3, 589. 14
None

2, 477. 14
3, 198. 33

908.93
2, 335. 17

218. 82

847.41

86, 737. 96

1,751.71

12, 660. 75

349.86

447.01

760.64
56, 459. 43

None
549.24

202. 7S
9. 579. 23
2, 644. 91

319. 76
7,979.59

None

None
None

$24. 00
None

471.00
None

None

7, 651. 43

None

62,039.35

None

19,240.00

None
19, 904. 96

None
None

106, 737. 88

None

28, 307. 65

None

SI. 00

None
None

None
$1, 229. 50

None
None
None

None
760.10
None

None

None
None

None
None
590.94
None
1.500.00

None

$6,364.95

American Committee for the German Relief Fund,
Inc., New York, N.Y., Mar. 27, 1940. Germany,
Poland, Canada, Dutch Oulana, British West
Indies, Jamaica, New Zealand, and Australia

American Committee for Luxembourg Relief, Inc.,
Chicago, III,, May 8, 1941. France and England..

American Committee for the Polish Ambulance Fund,
Chicago, 111., Feb. 12, 1940. France, Poland, Eng-

14,288.06
827. 39

2,664.20

American Committee to Save Refugees, New York,
N.Y., Jan. 3. 1941. France

4,461.60

American Employment for General Relief, Inc., New
York, N.Y., May 1, 1940. { England. France. Nor-
way, Poland, Belgium, Luxembourg, and the Neth-

4,903.68

American Federation for Polish Jews, Inc., New York,
N.Y., Sept. 14, 1939. Poland .

376. 14

American Field Service, New Y'ork, N.Y., Sept. 27,
1939. France, Great Britain, and Greece

33,265.03

American and French Students' Correspondence Ex-
change, New Y'ork, N.Y., Dec. 20, 1939. France

4, 320. 47

American- French War Relief, Inc., New York, N.Y.,

11, 786. 07

American Friends of Britain, Inc., New York, N.Y.,
Aug. 30, 1940. Great Britain

5,258.69

American Friends of Czechoslovakia, New York,
N.Y., Nov. 2, 1939. Great Britain, France, and

7,836.89

American Friends of the Daily Sketch War Relief
Fund. New York, N.Y., Dec. 1, 1939. Great

31.50

American Friends of France, Inc., New York, N.Y.,
Sept. 21, 1939. France, Germany, and England

American Friends of a Jewish Palestine, Inc., New
York, N.Y., May 9, 1940. Germany, Poland,

41, 278. 22
2,855.82

American Friends of Norway, Inc., New York, N.Y.,
Oct. 17, 1941. t Canada, England, and Norway

Pa., Nov. 9, 19.39. United Kingdom, Poland, Ger-
many, France, Norway, Belgium, the Netherlands,

1,588.91
38.957.83

American Friends of Yugoslavia, New York, N.Y.,

9,048.32

American Fund for French Wounded, Inc., Boston,

1,838.08

American-German Aid Society, Los Angeles, Calif.,

1,616.30

The American Hospital in Britain, Limited, New
York, N Y., July 24, 1940. Great Britain

None

Inc., New York, N.Y,, Sept. 29, 1939. United
Kingdom, Poland, Germany, France, Norway,
Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Italy,
Greece, Himgary, and Yugoslavia

628,762.03

JNo report for the month of December has been received from this organization.

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BtTLLETm
CoNTEiBUTiONs FOB Reuef IN Belugerent Countkies — Continued

Funds spent

for relief in

countries

named

Unexpended
balance as of
Dec. 31, 1941,
including cost
of goods pur-
chased and
still on hand

Estimated
value of con-
tributions in
kind sent to

countries
named

Estimated
value of con-
tributions in
kind now on
hand

American McAU Association, New York, N.Y.,
Jan. 3. 1940. England

American-Polish National Council, Chicago, 111.,

Aug. 14, 1940. Poland

American Red Mogen Dovid tor Palestine, Inc.,

New York, N.Y., May 26, 1941. Palestine

American School Committee for Aid to Greece, Inc.,

Princeton, N.J., Dec. 16, 1940. Qreece..-

American War Godmothers, Pittsburgh, Pa., Mar.

6, 1940.11 France

American Women's Hospitals, New York, N.Y.,

Sept. 14, 1939. France, England, and Greece

American Women's Unit for War Relief, Inc., New

York, N.Y., Jan. 15, 1940. France and Great

Britain

American Yugoslav Defense League, San Jos6, Calif.,

May 12.1941.1 Yugoslavia^

Anglo-American Lodge No. 78 of the American Order

Sons of St. George, New York, N.Y., May 24, 1941.

Great Britain-

.\nthracite Relief Committee, Wilkes-Barre, Pa.,

Sept. 8, 1939.11 Poland.--

Anzac War Relief Fund. New York, N.Y., May 23,

1940. Australia and Now Zealand _

Armenian General Benevolent Union, New York,

N.Y., July 24, 1941. Syria. Palestine, Cyprus,

Qreece, and Bulgaria.

Associated Polish Societies' Relief Committee of

Worcester, Massachusetts, Worcester, Mass., Sept.

14, 1939. Poland

Association of Former Juniors in France of Smith

College, New York. N.Y., Dec. 18. 1939.[ France.
.\ssociation of Former Russian Naval Officers in

America, Long Island City, N.Y., Feb. 21. 1940.

France

Association of Joint Polish-American Societies of

Chelsea. Massachusetts, Chelsea, Mass., Sept. 15,

1939. Poland -

Mrs. Mark Baldwin, New York, N.Y., Mar. 4, 1940.

France..- - - -

Bay Ridge Allied Relief, Brooklyn, N.Y., July 22.

1941. Great Britain - .-

Belgian Relief of Southern California, Los Angeles.

Calif., May 27, 1940. Belgium, France, and Great
Britain -

Belgian War Relief Fund, Manila, P.I., June 7, 1940.*
Belgium

Bishops' Committee for Polish Relief, Washington,
D.C., Dec. 19, 1939.t Poland, England, France,
Italy, and Hungary -

Board of National Missions of the Presbyterian
Church in the United States of America, New
York, N.Y., Sept. 26, 1939. Great Britain, France,
and Germany

Bristol Whittaker Fund, Elizabeth, N.J., June 5,
1941. Great Britain

$6,801.41
10, 936. 00

6, 074. 18
27, 482. 96

1. 087. 22
23, 562. 84

6, 243. 29

1, 424. 35

5. 184. 18
11,427.14
35, 299. 8«

9. 27'2. 81

13. 113.06
303. 50

492. 46

3. 870. 79
1,761.74

564. 86

8. 133. 77

2, 204. 17

$6, 717. 60
8, 948. 50
1,460.00

24, 078. 45
287.05

23, 209. 39

3,884.91
None

2, 100. 00
11,127.15
25, 417. 70

5,000.00

9, 266. 45
225.00

429. .30

1, 756. 10

1,647.00

385. 2U

5, 966. 57

6, 139. 01

INo report for the month of December has been received from this
||The registration of this organization was revoked on Dec. 31, 1941
•No refwrts for the months of November and December have been
tThe registration of this organization was revoked on Nov. 30, 1941

3, 975. 54

$83.91
1,221.63

2, 276. 78
2,764.68

517. 56
None

1. 499. 20
1, 247. 16

1, 472. 07

None

6. 709. 55

3. 2.1.8. 47

3.393.51

78. .50

2, 372. 50
2, 125. 14

$7, 325. 00
None
None
None
None
50.00

5. 453. 85
None

None
None
None

None

1.430.00
None

,799.33

725. no

17.58

30.00

85.85

None

in. 00

182. .=.0

131.87

350.00

None
None

$250.00
None
None
None
2.45
N one

70.00
None

None
None

None

None
None
None

None
None

organization.

at the request of registrant,
received from this organization,
at the request of registrant.

JANTTART 31, 1942

CoNTRinuTiONS FOB Reuep IN Beixiqixent COUNTRIES — Continued

Funds spent

for relief in

countries

named

Unexpended
balance as of
Dec. 31, 1941,
including cost
of goods pur-
chased and

still on hand

Estimated
value of con-
tributions In
kind sent to

countries
named

Estimated
value of con-
tributions in
kind now on
hand

tralion, pub-
licity, af-
fairs, cam-
paigns, etc.

Britain-at-Bay Aid Society, Dobbs Ferry, N.Y.,
June 25, 1941. t England

British Aid Committee, Balboa, C.Z., Apr. 28, 1941.
Great Britain .,. __ _

British-American Ambulance Corps, Inc., New York,
N.Y., June U, 1940. Greece, England, and France. .

British-American Comfort League, Quincy, IVIass.,
Feb. 21, 194U. England

British-American War Relief Association, Seattle,
Wash., Nov. 17, 1939. || United Kingdom and Greece

British Civil Defense Emergency Fund, New York,
N.Y., Oct. 8, 1941. Great Britain. ._

British Distressed Areas Fund, Inc., Los Angeles,
Calif., May 13, 1941. England^

The British Legion, Inc., Detroit, Mich., Feb. 26,
1941.11 Great Britain....

British Sailors' Book and Relief Society, New York,
N.Y., May 2, 1940. Bermuda, Canada, and the
British West Indies

British War Relief Association of Northern California,
San Francisco, Calif., Oct. 20, 1939. Great Britain
and France

The British War Relief Association of the Philippines,
Manila, P. I., Apr. 11, 1940.1 France, Germany,
Poland, United Kingdom, India, Australia, Canada,
New Zealand, and the Unionof South Africa. __

The British War Relief Association of Southern Cali-
fornia, Los Angeles, Calif., Dec. 8, 1939. Great
Britain, Greece, and Germany

British War Relief Fund, Dayton, Ohio, Sept. 12,
1940.' Groat Britain

The British War Relief Society, Inc., New York,
N.Y., Dec. 4, 1939. France, Belgium, the Nether-
lands, United Kingdom, Norway, Canada, and
Greece _

Brooke Coimty Allied War Relief, FoUansbeo, W.Va.,
May 26, 1941 .• Great Britain and Greece

Bundles for Britain, Inc., New York, N.Y., Dec. 28,
1939. Great Britain

Caledonian Pipe Bands Scottish Relief Fund, Grosse
Point, Mich., May 2, 194L Scotland

California Denmark Fund, San Francisco, Calif.,
Nov. 20, 1940. Denmark

Camp Little Norway Association, Minneapolis,
Minn., Oct. 1. 1941. Norway and Canada

Alfred S. Campbell, Lambertville, N. J., July 17,
1941. England

The Canadian-American Council, Westwood, N. J.,
May9, 1941. Canada.

Canadian Women's Club of New York City, Inc.,
New York, N.Y., Oct. 23, 1940. Great Britain and
Canada

$533.11

1, 635. 19

1,950,849.11

6, 303. 38

111,873.02

1, 766. 39

2, 238. 89

206.23

a, 706. 62

6.50. 788. OS
742. 40

12,285,081.25

16.00

2, 809, 102. 13

2, 464. 76

1, 602. 21

6,351.41

953.52

335. 60

8, 924. 91

$467. 06

1,270.00

1, 128,981.57

5, 234. 46

100, 885. 30

1,032.04

1,012.50

100. OO

208.20

484, 170. 89
733.20

10, 039, 692. 36

16.00

1.689,269.01

1, 517. 00

None

5, 350. 26

146.00

None

5, 636. 24

$46.80
42.70
470, 869. 03
580. 24
5, 857. 93
562. 72
353.99
100.49

666. 05

79, 179. 21
None

928, 186. 27
None
462, 381. 08
947.76
1, 421. 39
865. 91
11.25
None

1,288.66

$.500. 00
None

60, 223. 70
None

18,943.00
None
None
None

33, 603. 72

371, 529. 22
None

4, 644, 313. 56
None
2,911,193.07
None
None
None
None
None

2, 815. 15

tNo reports for the months of October, November, and December have been received from this organization.

II No report for the month of December has been received from this organization.

INo reports for the months of November and December have been received from this organization.

•The registration of this organization was revoked on Dec. 31, 1941 at the request of registrant.

None

$1, 609. 10

None
None

178,000.00
None
27,116.08
None
None
None
None
None

592. 31

$20. 25
322. 49

344, 998. 51

102. 65

5,129.79

None

170. 63

None

872. 40

None

5.74

50.00

5, 842. 37

367. 64

10,077.86

87, 437. 98
9.20

1,317,202.62
None
657, 452. 04
None
80.82
135. 24
797.27
466. 81

100

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BXJLLETtN

CONTBIBUTIONS FOB RELIEF IN BELLIGERENT COUNTRIES — Continued

Funds spent

for relief in

countries

named

Unejpended
balance as of
Dec. 31. 1941.
including cost
of goods pur-
chased and
still on hand

Estimated
value of con-
tributions in
kind sent to
countries
named

Estimated
value of con-
tributions in

Funds .'!pent
for adminis-
trntion, pub-
licity, af-
fairs, cam-
paigns, etc.

Catholic Medical Mission Board. Inc., New York.
N.y., Jan. 17, 1940. India. Australia. Canada, New
Zealand, and the Unionof South Africa

Central Bureau for Relief of the Evangelical Churches
of Europe, New York, N.Y., May 14, 1940.t All
belligerent countries -

Central Committee Knesseth Israel, New York, N.Y.,
Oct. 27, 1939. Palestine

Central Council of Polish Organizations, New Castle,
Pa., Nov. 7, 1939. France, Poland, and England

Cercle Fran^als de Seattle, Seattle, Wash., Nov. 2,

1939. Great Britain and France

Club Ukraine, Brookl>Ti, N.Y. . May 1, 1941.t Great

Britain, Germany. Poland. Italy, and France -

Le Colis de Trianon-Versailles, New York, N.Y.,

Nov. 25, 1939. France and England

Comit6 de Franceses Libres de Puerto Rico, Mayagues,

P.R., Apr. 4, 1941. t British Empire.,.

ComitS Pro Francia Libre, San Juan, P.R., Dec. 19,

1940. England and France

Commission for Poli.'^h Relief. Inc., New York, N.Y.,

Sept. 12, 1939.J Poland, England, and Hungary....

The Commission for Relief in Belgium, Inc., New
York, N.Y., May 21. 1940. Belgium, Luxembourg,
France, and England

Committee for Emergency Aid to Refugees, New
York, N.Y., Aug. S, 1941. Norway, France, United
Kingdom, and Germany

Committee of French-American Wives, New York,
N.Y., Nov. 15, 1939. France and Great Britain

Committee of Mercy, Inc., New York, N.Y., Sept.
16, 1939. France, Great Britain, Norway, Belgium,
and the Netherlands

Committee for the Relief for Poland, Seattle, Wash.,
Nov. 24. 1939.11 Poland and Canada

Committee for Yugoslav War Relief, San Francisco,
Calif., July 3, 1941. Yugoslavia

Coordinating Council of French Relief Societies, Inc.,
New York, N.Y., May 12, 1941.1 France

The Croatian Fraternal Union of America, Pitts-
burgh, Pa., .lime 20. 1941. Yugoslavia ,

Ciechoslovak Relief. Chicago. 111.. July 25, 1940.
Crechoslovakia. Belgium, Great Britain, and France.

Danish-American Knitting and Sewing Groups,
Brooklyn, N.Y., Sept. 22, 1941.* All belligerent
countries.

Detroit Harrovian War Relief Association, Detroit,
Mich., Nov. 10, 1941. Great Britain

Dodecanesian League of America, Inc., New York,
N.Y., Dec. 16,1940. Greece

$904. 47

100, 303. 81
72, 347. 55

3. 773. 40
8, 460. 70

91.36

25,671.63

1, 239. 62

16, 681. 14

800, 492. 16

13,815.92

115.81
40. 247. 12

109, 560. 17
2,441.83

4, 466. 46
170, 155. 70

13. 443. 13
110.362.61

1, 236. 39
288.48

16,079.02

$206. 72

83. 757. 75
fO. 618. 70
3.250.80
6. 231. 64
None
18. 344. 12
1. 200. 00
10, 683. 03
724. 069. 69

9, 165. 00

107.26
33, 007. 45

79. 634. 36
2, 184. 12

None
64. 164. 07

None
01. R9«. 66

Nine

205.15

13. 225. 60

None

$2, 872. 76
None
460.65
360.34
91.36
974. 06
39.62
4.792.31
3, 997. 36

1,822.33

None
1, 629. 26

10, 134. 98
None
4,380.68
96, 840. 88
13, 369. 63
16. 478. 40

901.31
15.12
826.00

$6. 680. 00

None

3, 036. 73

None

11, 850. 76

None

403.20

1, 600. 00

None

None
6. 881. 64

24, 199. 77

None

4. 957. 00

None

61,416 60

680.50
None
None

None

None
None
None
None
None
$369. 15
None
None
None

None

None
274.95

160.00
None
None
None
None
None

497. 60
None
None

$697. 75

13, 673. 31

21,728.85

62.05

1, 868. 82

None

6, 363. 36

None

1, 306. 80

72, 425. 21

2. 828. 59

8.66
5.710.41

19, 790. 83
257. 71

84.78

20, 160. 76

83.60
1. 984 46

334.08

68. 19

1. 027. 63

tNo report for the month of December has been received from this organltatlon.

JThte registrant serves primarily as a clearing-house for the distribution abroad of contributions received from other registrants; these receipts and
disbursements are not included in the figures here given, since they are shown Slsewbere in this tabulation following the names of the original collecting
registrants.

n The registration of this organization was revoked on Dec. 31, 1941 at the request of registrant.

1 The amounts shown above indicate registrant's direct receipts only but Its total expenses Include administration of the activities of 12 member
societies with respect to certain collections, promotions, purchasing, receiving, warehousing, packing, and shipping of food and clothing, financial trans-
fers, etc. The Council has received for these collective functions, both indirectly and directly, a total to date of $282,723.46, has distributed for relief
$140,362.68, and has $122,210.02 on hand in kind and In cash.

•No complete report for the month of December has been received from this organization.

JANUART 31, 1942

101

CoNTBiBUTiONs roR Eeuef IN Beluoeebnt Ootjntbies — Continued

Funds spent

for relief in

countries

named

Unexpended
balance as of
Dec. 31, 1941,
including cost
of poods pur-
chased and

still on hand

Estimated
value of con-
tributions in
kind sent to

countries
named

Estimated
value of con-
tributions in
kind now on
hand

Funds spent
for adminis-
tration, pub-
licity, af-
fairs, cam-
paigns, ete.

The Emergency Aid of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia,
Pa., Oct. 13, 1939. Oreat Britain, France, Norway,
Belgium, Lu.xembourg, the Netherlands, and Greece.

Emergency Relief Committee for Kolbuszowa, New
York, N.Y., Mar. 13, 1940. Poland

Emergency Rescue Committee, New York, N.Y.,
Aug. 3, 1940. France, United Kingdom, Belgium,
Norway, and the Netherlands __ _..

English-Speaking Union of the United States, New
York, N.Y., Dec. 26,1939. Oreat Britain, Canada,
France, Norway, Belgium, Luxembourg, the Neth-
erlands. Germany, and Union of South Africa

Esco Fund Committee, Inc., New York, N.Y., Feb.
13, 1941. Great Britain. __

Estonian Relief Committee, Inc., New York, N.Y.,
Nov. 28, 1941. Estonia __

Ethiopian World Federation, Inc., New York, N.Y.,
Dec. 21, 1940. Ethiopia and Great Britain

The Fall River British War Relief Society, Fall River,
Mass., Sept. 26, 1940. Oreat Britain

Federated Council of Polish Societies of Grand Rapids,
Mich., Grand Rapids, Mich., Sept. 15, 1939.t
Poland -

Federation of Franco-Belgian Clubs of Rhode Island,
Woonsocket, R.I., Nov. 15, 1939. France and
England

Federation of French Veterans of the Great War, Inc.,
New York, N.Y., Oct. 11, 1939. France and
Germany _

Fellowship of Reconciliation, New York, N.Y., Jan.
20, 1910. France, England, and Germany

The Fields, Inc., New York, N.Y., Aug. 5, 1941.
Great Britain

Les Fllles de France, Chicago, HI., Aug. 20, 1941.
France

Foster Parents' Plan for War Children, Inc., New
York, N.Y., Sept. 21, 1939. France and England...

France Forever War Relief Association, Manila, P. I.,
Oct. 22, 1941.} United Kingdom

Franco-American Committee for the Relief of War
Victims, New York, N.Y., Mar. 27, 1941. France..

Franco-British Relief, Baltimore, Md., Mar. 15.
1941. t Oreat Britain.

Free French Relief Committee, New York, N.Y..
Feb. 3, 1941. England, French Cameroons, Belgian
Congo, Nigeria, and SjTia

Free Italian Women's Association for Assistance to
Prisoners of War, New York, N.Y., Nov. 26, 1941.1
India. Egypt, Australia, and Union of South Africa.

French Colonies War Relief Committee, New York,
N.Y., Aug. 20, 1940. France ..

French Committee for Relief In France, Detroit.
Mich., Oct. 17, 1939. France and Oreat Britain

French Relief Association. Kansas City, Mo., Feb.
3, 1940.t France-

French War Relief. Inc., Los Angeles, Calif., Nov.
16, 1939. France and England.

$168,481.27
7. 451. 27

251, 117. 76

17, 403. 90

1,318.00

613.22

10, 393. 34

11,408.78

9, 132. 32

17, 872. 50

3. 867. 94

464.98

2, 864. 16

334, 406. 42

$128,708.61
100.00

202, 088. 87

15, 186. 66

None

9,727.11

7, 933. 63

6. 898. 55

16, 389. 22

3.471.21

464. 98

2.113.20

239. 986. 64

$11,844.00
4, 303. 41

30, 079. 64
518. 59

1. 283. 72
463.22

87.94

2, 348. 40

1, 776. 67

67.27
210. 21
None
436. 96
5, 771. 65

$91,608.47
None

254, 258. 48
None
None
None
None

3, 300. 00

2,112.59

2, 202. 75
None
None
75.00

7, 628. 99

fi. 129. 60
7. 763. 90

93. 358. 31

None

467. 12

6. 156. 91

1,666.25

68,941.27

3, 862. 00
3. 925. .52

31. 4*3, 14

None

3, 780. 21

667. 27

49, 725. 28

539.20
3. 492. 74

39. 284. 73

None
233.79
868.18
701. 41

R, 243. 00

2. 130. 00
12.618.92

25. 327. 81

None

34, 702. 26

,^667. 17

394. 64

None
None

$736. 44
None
None
60.00
None

25.00

None
296.00

None
None
None
495. 83
None

$27, 928. 66
3. 047. 86

18,919.25

1.698.65

34.28

150. 00

578.29

1, 126. 76

None

1,416.01

None

186. 62

None

314.00

None

88. 648. 13

1. 728. 30
346, fi4

10. 670, 44

None
233. 33
518. 52
307. 57
11,972.99

tNo report for the month of December has been received from this organltatlon.

tNo report has been received from this organization.

IThe registration of this organization was revoked on Dec. 31, 1941 at the request of registrant.

102

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN
CoNTEiBTmoNS FoK Reuef IN Beixiqebent COUNTRIES — Continued

Funds spent

for relief in

countries

named

Unexpended
balance as of
Dec. 31, 1941.
including cost
of goods pur-
chased and
still on hand

Estimated
value of con-
tributions in
kind sent to
countries
named

Estimated
value of con-
tributions in
kind now on
hand

Funds spent
lor adminis-
tration, pub-
licity, af-
fairs, cam-
paigns, etc.

French War Relief Fund of San Francisco, San Fran-
cisco, Calif., Oct. 26, 1939. France

French War Veterans Association of Illinois, Chicago,
111., Oct. 25, 1941. France and Germany.

Friends of Children, Inc., New York, N.Y., June 13.

1940. Great Britain, France, Belgium, and the
Netherlands.-

The Friends of Israel Refugee Relief Committee, In-
corporated, Philadelphia, Pa., Oct. 23, 1939. Can-
ada, France, Great Britain, the Netherlands, Nor-
way, Hungary, Poland, Greece, and Yugoslavia

Friends of Little Norway, Cleveland, Ohio, Nov. 21,

1941. Canada

Friends of Poland, Chicago, 111., Dec. 6, 1939. Poland
Friends of the RAF Comforts Committee, Chicago,

111., Dec. 9, 1941. t England

Fund for the Relief of Men of Letters and Scientists of

Russia, New York, N. Y., Apr. 29, 1940. France

and Poland

Garden City rtiWishing Co., Garden City, N. Y.,

Nov. 8, 1941. Great Britain

German-American Conference, New York, N.Y.,

Mar. 11, 1941. Canada and the British West Indies.
Golden Rule Foimdation, New York, N.Y., Nov. 2,

1939. Poland and Palestine

Grand Duke Vladimir Benevolent Fund .\ssociation.

New York, N.V., Jan. 8, 1940. France

Grand Lodge, Daughters of Scotia, Hartford, Conn.,

Feb. 16, 1940. Scotland

Grand Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, State of

New York, New York, N.Y., Apr. 15, 1941. Great

Britain

Great Lakes Command, Canadian Legion of the

British Empire Service League, Detroit, Mich.,

July 5, 1940. Great Britain and Canada —

The Greek Fur Workers Union, Local 70, New York,

N.Y.. Dec. 21. 1940. Greece

Greek War Relief .Association, Inc., New York, N.Y.,

Nov. 18, 1940. Greece

Hadassah, Inc., New York, N.Y., Nov. 15, 1939.

Palestine -

Hands Across the Sea Helpers Association, Brooklyn,

N.Y., Mar. II, 1941. United Kingdom

Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass., Aug. 30, 1940.

Great Britain

Hebrew-Christian Alliance of America, Chicago, HI.,

Jan. 3, 1940. t England, Germany, Poland, France,

and Italy

A. Seymour Houghton, Jr., et al., New York, N.Y.,

Nov. 27, 1939. France

Houston War Fund, Inc., Houston, Tex., May 27,

1941. Great Britain

Humanitarian Work Committee, Glen Cove, N.Y.,

Sept. 30. 1939. Poland

Independent British War Relief Society of Rhode

Island, Greenwood, R.I., June 14, 1940. Great

Britain - -

$38, 314. 23
1,467.71

2. 584. 35
1, 266. 60

7, 923. 03

32, 984. 99

12,371.10

5, 373, 245. 25

1,695,162.37

1,305.40

160, 505, 97

13, 735. 31
23, 292. 99
59, 898. 31
4, 038. 60

9, 106. 18

$34. 732. 18
220.76

2, 150. 00
880.00

4,343.83

1,376.70

8.50

Nona

2.027.25

1,196.68

2,997.00

2.997.00

555. 38

370.79

31,352.12

31,135.80

7, 167. 20

27,850.69
9,600.00
4,097,056.55
1, 419, 757. 65
1,016.45
70, 028. 68

10, 420. 52
17, 898. 46
43, 303. 02
3,661.00

7,047.87

$1,011.29
482.38

272.73
228.56

None

1,626.31
8. EG
73.33

None
148. 14
216.32

765.83

1.438.97

2,818.27

916, 367. 31

185, 776. 30

78.24

83,841.46

None

8, 137. 01

14,687.93

362. 49

1.951.73

$3, 295. 31
None

None
None

None

None
None
None
None
None
None

None

None
None
392, 697. 40
129, 587. 02
None
None

None
804.15
None
220.00

None
None

80.00
None
None
None

None

None
None
500.00
4,761.27
None
None

None
None
None
None

None

tThe registration of this organization was revoked on Dec. 31, 1941 at the request of registrant.
tThe registration of this organization was revoked on Nov. 30, 1941 at the request of registrant.

JANUARY 31, 1942

103

CoNTEiBCTiONS FOB Reuef IN Beixiqeeent COUNTRIES — Continued

Funds spent

for relief in

countries

Unexpended
balance as of
Dec. 31, 1941,
including cost
of goods pur-
chased and
still on hand

Estimated
value of con-
tributions in
kind sent to

countries
named

Estimated
value of con-
tributions in
kind now on
hand

Funds spent
for adminis-
tration, pub-
licity, af-
fairs, cam-
paigns, etc.

Independent Kinsker Aid Association, New York,
N.Y., Jan. 3, 1910. Poland. _

International Committee of Young Men's Christian
Associations, New York, N.Y., Sept. 22, 1939.
France, Germany, Poland, the United Kingdom,
India, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the Union
of South Africa, Norway, Belgium, Luxembourg,
the Netherlands, Italy, Greece, Yugoslavia, and
Bulgaria

The International Hebrew-Christian Alliance, Chi-
cago, 111., Dec. 2, 1941. England, Hungary, and
Poland

International Relief Association, Inc., New York,
N.Y., Sept. 25, 1939. France, England, Germany,
Belgium, and Norway..

Isthmian Pro-British Aid Committee, Ancon, C.Z.,
Sept. 20, 1940. England

Joint Committee of the United Scottish Clans of
Greater New York and New Jersey, Brooklyn,
N.Y., Jan. 30, 1940. Scotland

Jugoslav Relief Fund Association, Chicago, Hi., June
23, 1941. Yugoslavia

Jugoslav War Relief Association of Southern Califor-
nia, Los Angeles, Calif., May 26, 1941. Yugoslavia.

Marthe Th. Kahn, New York, N.Y., Apr. 16, 1940.
France

The Kosciuszko Foundation, Inc., New York, N.Y.,
May 24, 1940. Poland.

The Kyflhaeuser, League of German War Veterans in
U.S.A., Philadelphia, Pa., Nov. 27, 1939.0 Canada,
Jamaica, and British Empire

Lackawanna County Committee for Polish Relief,
Scranton, Pa., Sept. 15, 1939. Poland

LaFayelte Preventorium, Inc., New York, N.Y.,
Sept. 21, 1939. France

Latvian Relief, Inc., New York, N.Y., Sept. 26, 1941.
Latvia

League of Polish Societies of New Kensington, Arnold,
and Vicinity, New Kensington, Pa., Nov. 17, 1939.
Poland

Robert E. Lee Memorial Foundation, Inc., New
York, N.Y., Apr. 15, 1941. Great Britain

Legion of Young Polish Women, Chicago, 111., Oct, 2,

1939. Poland, France, Great Britain, and Germany.
Liberty Link Afghan Society, Detroit, Mich., Dec. 17,

1940. Great Britain

Lithuanian Charities Institute, Inc., Chicago, 111.,

Aug. 20, 1941. Lithuania, England, Germany, and
Italy

Lithuanian National Fund, Brooklyn, N.Y., Dec. 14,
1940. Lithuania

Lithuanian National Relief Fund, Chicago, Dl., Jime
19, 1941.1 Germany.

The Little House of Saint Pantaleon, Philadelphia,
Pa., Sept.30,1939. France and England

The Maple Leaf Fund, Inc., New York, N.Y., Apr.
19, 1940. Canada, United Kingdom, and France

Medical and Surgical Relief Committee of America,
New York, N.Y., .\ug. 6, 1940. Poland, Great
Britain, France, Netherlands, Norway, Belgium,
Luxembourg, Greece, and Yugoslavia

13, 366. 62
425. 05

16, 267. 68
1, 684. 19
13, 710. 45
238.45
10,421.63

140, 567. 43
9, 691. 24
28. 367. 72
1, 774. 00

3, 046. 60

835.63

20, 789. 84

4,813.92

None

452. 84

None

51, 527. 02

283, 718. 63

9, 022. 29
376. 10

12,973.75

650.00

None

180. 26

9, 872. 50

103, 024. 06

7, 226. 66

10, 135. 55

None

1, 702. 20

None

15, 070. 35

4. 200. 00

None

200.00

None

43, 613. 60

141, 392. 04

None
None

871.47

1, 063. 41

13, 072. 44

47.64

None

17, 662. 76
1, 533. 88

12, 713. 99
1, 724. 15

886.62

829.28

1,831.59

613. 92

None

231. 84

None

7, 817. 86

64, 997. 17

2, 020. 00
None

None
None
None
None
None

26, 004. 23
None
None
None

2, 400. 00
None
None
None

None

42, 233. 44

681,404.02

None
None

None
None
None
None
None

None
None
None
None

None
None
None
$264. 50
None

4, 344. 33

48.95

2, 422. 46
70.78

638. 01
10.66
908. 64

19, 880. 61
831.80

5, S18. 18

49.85

457. 78

6.26

3, 887. 90

None

None
21.00
894. 99
95.66
77, 329. 42

|No report for the month of December has been received from this organization.

TNo reports for the months of September, October, November, and December have been received from this organization.

104

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN
CoNTBiBunoNS TOR Reliht IN Beixigerent COUNTRIES — Continued

Name of registrant, location, date of registration, and
destination of contributions

Funds spent

for relief in

countries

named

Unexpended
balance as of
Dec. 31, 1941,
including cost
of goods pur-
chased and

still on hand

Estimated
value of con-
tributions in
kind sent to

countries
named

Estimated
value of con-
tributions in
kind now on
hand

Funds spent
for adminis-
tration, pub-
licity, af-
fairs, cam-
paigns, etc.

Mennonite Central Committee, Akron, Pa., Feb. 13,
1940. Great Britain, Poland, Germany, France,
Canada, and the Netherlands

Merchant Sailors League, Inc., Buffalo, N.Y., June
6, 1941. Canada and British Empire

Methodist Committee for Overseas Relief, New York,
N.Y., Sept. 4, 1940. France, Poland, Norway, Bel-
gium, the Netherlands, United Kingdom, India,
Australia, Canada. Germany, Greece, Italy, Yugo-
slavia, and Bulgaria _

Milford, Connecticut, Polish Relief Fund Committee,
Milford, Conn., Nov. 6, 1939. Poland

The Mobile Circle for Benefit of the Royal Navy
Hospital Comforts Fund, Mobile, Ala., Sept. 18,
1940.* British Isles

Monmouth War Relief, Red Bank, N.J., Sept. 12,
1940.t England, France, and Greece

Montagu Club of London, New York, N.Y., Mar. 3,
1641.1 Great Britain

The Mother Church, The First Church of Christ,
Scientist, in Boston, LT.s.A., Boston, Mass., Apr.
25, 1940. Canada, France, and the United Kingdom.

National America Denmark Association, Chicago, 111.,
Aug. I, 1941. Denmark and England

National Catholic Welfare Conference Bishops' Relief
Committee, Washington, D.C., Jime 3, 1941. t AH
belligerent countries —

National Legion Greek-American War Veterans In
America, Inc., New York, N.Y., Jan. 3, 1941.
Greece- --- - ---

Near East Foundation, Inc., New York, N.Y., Nov.
28, 1940. Greece --

Netherlands War Relief Committee, Manila, P. I.,
May 27, 1940.t Netherlands

The New Canaan Workshop, New Canaan, Conn.,
July 1, 1940. British Empire

Newtown Committee for Child Refugees, Inc., Sandy
Hook, Conn., Apr. 15, 1941. Great Britain

North Side Polish Council Relief Committee of Mil-
waukee, Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wis., Dec. 5, 1939.
Poland -

Norwegian Relief, Inc., Chicago, lU., May 1, 1940.
Norway

Norwegian Seamen's Christmas and Relief, Inc., New
York, N. Y., Oct. 17, 1941. Canada and West
Indies — -

Nowiny Publishing Apostolate, Inc., Milwaukee,
Wis., Sept. 26, 1939. Poland

Nowy-Dworer Ladies and United Relief Association,
NewYork,N.Y., Dec. 20, 1940.1 Poland

Nowy Swiat Publishing Co., Inc., New York, N.Y.,
Sept. 11, 1939. t Poland, France, Great Britain, and
Italy

$83, 849. 92
None

101, 020. 50
575. 54

7, 526. 59

11,965.94

677.78

367, 052. 15
14. 806. 25

257, 230. 00

1,163.00
229, 382. 06
6, 023. 77
17,995.89
2, 458. 80

3, 058. 99
635,651.24

32. 340. 74
5,660.41
2. 677, 13

28, 956. 63

$71,341.31

None

94, 338. 84
250.20

5, 708. 11

9, 018. 14

577.78

131.918.10
4, 767. 05

248, 000. 00

None

106,303.85

2, 482. 27

14, 444. 81

916. 89

2, 838. 16
71,600.00

28, 486. 55

None
None

None
$213. 47

1,624.76

2. 162. 32

None

192, 296. 65
9,128.48

7, 100. 00

664.39
81,072.27
3, 601. 80
1,631.09
1,037.74

176. 65
637,170.92

24,311.02

1.070.88

315. 94

367. 69

$36, 633. 02
None

None
None

2, 334. 49
896. 00
None

901,526.86
None

None

None
None
None
8, 276. 00
618. 38

1, 300. OO

None

238.00
None
None

None

None
None

None
None
None

$113,181.68
None

None

None
None
None
None
None

None
None

350.00
None
None

None

•No complete report for the month of December has been received from this organization.

tNo reports for the months of November and December have been received from this organization.

}No report for the month of December has been received from this organization.

INo reports for the months of September, October, November, and December have been received from this organization.

JAJSTDARY 31, 1942

105

CoNTBinuTiONS FOR RExiBa" IN Beijjgeeent Cocnteies — Continued

The Order or Ahepa, Washington, D.C., Jan. 1, 1941.

Greece

Order of Scottish Clans, Boston, Mass., Jan. 25, 1940.

Scotland _ -

Over-Seas League Tobacco Fund, New Yorlt, N.Y.,
Aug. 19, 1940. British Empire -_

The Pacific Steam Navigation Company, Crist6bal,
C.Z., Oct. 16. 1940. England--

Paderewski Fund for Polish Relief. Inc., New York,
N.Y., Feb. 23, 1940.11 Poland and Great Britain

Paderewski Testimonial Fund, Inc., New York, N.Y.,
Mar. 10, 1941. Great Britain and France..

Paisley Buddies War Relief Society, Detroit, Mich.,
July 11, 1941.» Scotland ----

Parcels for Belgian Prisoners, Washington, D.C.,
Nov. 12, 1940. Germany

The ParyskI Publishing Co., Toledo, Ohio, Sept. 16,
1939. Poland and Great Britain.. ._

Mrs. Eveline Mary Paterson, Warren, N.H., July 28,
1941.* Germany and Great Britain

The Pawtucket and Blackstone Valley British Relief
Society of Rhode Island, Pawtucket, R. I., Feb.
26, 1940. Great Britain and Germany

Pelham Overseas Knitting Circle, Pelham, N. Y.,
Oct. 17, 1940. Scotland

Penny-A-Plane, New York, N.Y., Apr. 1, 1941. t
Great Britain

Phalanx of Greek Veterans of America, Inc., Chicago,
111., Jan. 3, 1941. Greece

Polish Aid Fund Committee of Federation of Eliza-
beth Polish Organizations, Elizabeth, N.J., Sept.,
23. 1939. Poland and England

Polish-American Council, Chicago, 111., Sept. 15, 1939.
Poland

Pohsh-American Volunteer Ambulance Section, Inc.,
New York, N.Y., Feb. 13, 1940. France and Eng-
land

Polish Broadcasting Corporation, New York, N.Y.,
Sept. 23, 1939. Poland and England

Polish Central Committee of New London. Connecti-
cut, New London, Conn., Oct. 13, 1939.t Poland...

Polish Central Council of New Haven, New Haven,
Conn.. Sept. 29. 1939. Poland and Germany

Polish Civic League of Mercer County, Trenton,
N. J., Sept. 19, 1939.11 Poland

Polish Inter-Organization "Centrala" of Waterbury,
Waterbury, Conn., Feb. 28, 1940. Poland

Polish Literary Guild of New Britain, Connecticut,
New Britain, Conn., Sept. 21, 1939. Poland

Polish National Alliance of the United States of North
America, Chicago, 111., Sept. 27, 1939. Poland, Eng-
land, and Canada

Polish National Council of Montgomery County,
Amsterdam, N.Y., Oct. 12, 1939.1 Poland

$132, 894. 89
25, 684. 94
171,958.88

1, 703. 40
137, 598. 52

62, 419. 24
2, 835. 37

27, 724. 89

9, 632. 46

246. 18

31, 041. 00

3, 346. 45

417. 56

9. 448. 21

9, 693. 02
804, 919. 56

35, 287. 11

2, 712. 83
2,063.60
6, 562. 88

10, 860. 37
1, 035. 61

3, 584. 63

359, 126. 04
5, 881. 18

Funds spent

for relief in

countries

named

$92,911.84
21, 077. 00
130, 488. 38
1, 6H2. 95
85, COO. 00
42, 835. 00
2, 034. 00
9, 132. 19

9, 271. 73
206. 74

23, 947. 72

1, 627. 60

300.00

5, 027. 18

8, 946. 85
650,407.66

25, 312. 52
2,000.00
1,M1.64
4, 635. 75

10, 392. 86
867. 76

2, 000. 00

285, 085. 40
3,293.03

Unexpended
balance as of
Dec. 31, 1941,
including cost
of goods pur-
chased and
still on hand

$35, 368. 92

4, 607. 94

None

12. 554. 28

5, 020. 14

384. 89

18, 290. 67

260.73

None

4, 697. 30

1, 307. 45

79.66

4, 021. 55

718. 17
122, 761. 59

9,711.01
671.03
230.32
875. 87
463. 97
146. 75

1, 571. 63

70, 380. 24
2, 430. 16

Estimated
value of con-
tributions in
kind sent to
countries
named

Estimated
value of con-
tributions in
kind now on
hand

Funds spent
for adminis-
tration, pub-
licity, af-
fairs, cam-
paigns, etc.

None
None
None
$1,446.00
None
None
None
None
None
None

None

1,911.19

None

1, 600. 00
118,500.00

360.65
None
75.00
2, 000. 00
4, 000. 00
None
None

None
8,000.00

None
None
None
$10.00
None
None
None
None
None
None

None
63.00
Nonb
None

None
None

135.00
None
None
None
None
None
None

None
None

$4,614. 13

None

41, 470. 60

20.46

40, 044. 24

4. 564. 10

416. 48

302.03

None

38.44

2, 395. 98
411.40
37.90

28.00
31, 760. 41

263. 58
41.80

291.64
51.26
3.54
32.00
13.00

3, 660. 40
157.99

[No reports for the months of November and December have been received from this organization.

•The registration of this organization was revoked on Dec. 31, 1941 at the request of registrant.

tNo report for the month of December ha^ been received from this organization.

INo reports for the months of October, November, and December have been received from this organization.

106

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN
CoNTBiBTJTiONS FOB RELIEF IN Beixigeeent CottNtbtes — Continued

Unexpended
balance as of
Dec. 31. 1941.
including cost
of goods pur-
chased and

still on hand

Estimated
value of con-
tributions in
kind sent to

countries
named

Estimated
value of con-
tributions in
kind now on
hand

Funds spent
for adminis-
tration, pub-
licity, af-
fairs, cam-
paigns, etc.

Polish National Coimcil of New Yorlt, New York,
N. Y., Sept. 14, 1939. France, Poland, England, and
Germany _ _

The Polish Naturalization Independent Club, Wor-
cester, Mass., Sept, 20, 1939. Poland and England..

Polish Relief of Carteret, New Jersey, Carteret,
N.J., Oct. 11, 1939. Poland..

Polish Relief Committee of Boston, Boston, Ma.<^s.,
Sept. 14, 1939. Poland

Polish Relief Committee of Brockton, Massachusetts,
Brockton, Mass., Sept. 25, 1939. Poland

Polish Relief Committee of Cambridge, Massachu-
setts, Cambridge, Mass., Sept. 16, 1939. Poland...

Polish Relief Committee of Chester and Delaware
County, Chester, Pa., Sept. 15, 1939, England

Polish Relief Committee of Delaware, Wilmington,
Del., Sept. 22, 1939. Poland.

Polish Relief Committee, Detroit, Mich., Sept. II,
1939. Poland, Germany, Scotland, and Hungary..

Polish Relief Committee of Fitchburg, Fitchburg,
Mass., Mar. 29, 1940. Poland

Polish Relief Committee, Flint, Mich., Sept. 18, 1939.
Poland and England

Polish Relief Committee of Holyoke, Massachusetts,
Holyoke, Mass., Nov. 4, 1939. Poland...

Pohsb Relief Committee of Jackson, Michigan, Jack-
son, Mich., Nov. 9, 1939. Poland

Polish Relief Committee, New Bedford, Mass.,
Oct. 31, 1939. Poland

Polish Relief Committee of Philadelphia and Vicinity,
Philadelphia, Pa., Sept. 12, 1939. Poland

Polish Relief Committee of the Polish National Home
Association, Lowell, Mass., Nov. 27, 1939. Poland. .

Polish Relief Committee, Taunton, Mass., Dec. 13,
1939. Poland.

Polish Relief Fund, Jersey City, N. J., Sept. 12, 1939.1
Poland

Polish Relief Fund, Jewett City, Conn., Oct. 3, 1939.
Poland

Polish Relief Fund, Middletown, Conn., Sept. 23,
1939. Poland

Polish Relief Fund, Niagara Falls, N.Y., Oct. 26,
1S39. Poland...

Polish Relief Fund of Palmer, Massachusetts, Three
Rivers, Mass., Oct. 20, 1939. Poland

Polish Relief Fund of Syracuse, New York, and Vicin-
ity, Syracuse, N.Y., Oct. 31, 1939. Poland

Polish Relief Fund Committee, Los Angeles, Calif.,
Dec. 13. 1939. Poland

Polish Relief Fund Committee of Milwaukee, Wis.,
Sept. 26, 1939.' Poland

Polish Relief Fund Committee of Passaic and Bergen
Counties, Inc., Passaic, N.J., Sept. 22, 1939. Poland.

Polish Union of the United States of North America,
Wilkes-Barre, Pa., Sept. 8, 1939. Poland

Polish United Societies of Holy Trinity Parish, Low-
ell, Mass., Sept. 20, 1939. Poland

$132, 933. 37
7, 940. 96
2. 418. 75
13. 450. 07

2, OSS. 31
4, 345. 22

10, 392. 05
12, 025. 65
177, 575. 14
913. 33
12, 281. 45
10. M3. 47
2, 456. 86
14,441.66
69, 383. 85

3. 380. 50
3, 610. 67

86, 638. 53
2, 144. 30
6, 216. 56
4,081.00
2, 685. 79

13, 884. 27
4,967.91

29. 298. 69

18, 098. 67

$111,620.83
6, 627. 00
1,200.00
11,093.19

1, 386. 27

2. 545. 40
8, 512. 52

10, 079. 31

140, 955. 46

660.40

9, 106. 22

9,463.83

999.60

10.094.25

54,713.14
2, 087. 00
3. 657. 00

56. 010. 95
1,896.90
4,368.82
2, 839. 32
1,148.46
8, 991. 69

3, 893. 11
23, 782. 72
15,064.36

2.500.00

4. 216. 31

$1, 320. 93

320.47

1,190.00

1, 445. 37

419. 37

1, 264. 59

621. 92

1, 693. 30

27, 709. 71

211.84

265.05

749.82

907.37

3, 187. 13

3, 540. 92

675. 86

28.00

8, 532. 74

.03

1.839.54

1,118.31

1, 308. 64

2, 379. 69

69.86

3, 569. 03

583.90

301. 98

480.43

$601. 637. 40

None

45.00

2, 620. 00

360.00

825.20

2, 414. 70

6, 500. 00

73,374.00

130.00

2,278.85

1, 199. 10

750.00

5, 460. 00

None

1.375.00

1,575.00

900.00

None

4, 404. 95

1, 860. 00

450.00

11,607.40

4. 695. 61

None

1, 240. 00

$142, 417. 90
None
None
None
None
None
None
50.00
None
None
303. 40
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
500.00
None
None
None

INo reports for the months of October, November, and December have been received from this organization.
•No report for the month of December has been received from this organization.

JANUARY 31, 1942

107

CONTKIBUTIONS FOB REUET IN BeIXIGEBEINT COTINTRIES — CuntilUled

Polish War Sufferers Relief Committee (Fourth
Ward), Toledo, Ohio, Sept. 21, 1939. Poland and
Germany _

Polish Welfare Council, Schenectady, N.Y., Sept.
22, 1939. Poland _..

Polish Women's Fund to Fatherland, Lawrence,
Mass., Sept. 23, 1939. Poland

Polish Women's Relief Committee, New York, N.Y.,
Nov. 24, 1939. Poland, France, and Germany

Polski Komitet Ratunkowy (Polish Relief Fund),
Binghamton, N. Y., Sept. 26, 1939. Poland and
England..

Oeneroso Pope, New York, N.Y., Nov. 17, 1941. t
All belligerent countries,

Pulaski Civic League of Middlesex County, New
Jersey, Perth Amboy, N.J., Sept. 30, 1939. Poland
and Canada

Pulaski League of Queens County, Inc., Jamaica,
N.Y., Oct. 21, 1939. Poland

The Queen Elizabeth Fund, Inc., New York, N.Y.,
May20, 1941. t Great Britain.. ,

Queen T\ iihelmina Fund, Inc., New York, N.Y.,
May 17, 1940. Netherlands, Fr.ince, Poland, United
Kingdom, India, Australia, New Zealand, Canada,
Union of South Africa, Norway, Belgium, Luxem-
bourg, and Germany ,

Refugees of England, Inc., New York, N.Y., July
12, 1940.11 Great Britain

Relief Agency for Polish War Sufferers, Willimantic,
Conn., Sept. 29, 1939. Poland

Relief Committee of the United Polish Societies,
Chicopce, Ma,ss.. Oct. 21, 1939. t Poland

Relief for French Refugees in England, Washington,
D.C., Dec. 26, 1939. France and Great Britain

Relief Fund of the Federation of the Belgian-Ameri-
can Societies of North America, Detroit, Mich.,
Dec. 11. 1941. Belgium

Relief Fund for Sufferers in Poland Committee,
Kenosha, Wis., Sept. 25, 1939. Poland

Relief Society for Jews in Lublin, Los Angeles, Calif.,
Dec. 13, 1939. Poland -.

Royal Air Force Benevolent Fund of U.S.A., Inc.,
New York, N. Y., Nov. 26, 1940. Great Britain....

Russian Children's Welfare Society, Inc., New York,
N.Y., Sept. 29, 1939. Germany, France, and
Poland .-

St. Andrews (Scottish) Society of Washington, D.C.,
June 18, 1940. Scotland....

St. Stephens Po'isli Relief Fund of Perth Amboy,
New [Jersey, Perth Amboy, N.J., Sept. 27, 1939.
Poland

Saints Constantine and Helen Greek Orthodox
Church, Washington, D.C., Dec. 23, 1940. Greece.

The Salvation Army, New York, N.Y., May 23, 1940.
England, Franco, Norway, Belgium, and the Neth-
erlands --

$8, 156. 92
7, 434. 01
9, 374. 40

17, 402. 22

8, 800. 12
13, 3C6. 63

1,992.67

7, 862. 56

125. 00

395, 954. 05
165, 689. 64
3, 759. 27
12, 246. 07
27,611.60

None

6, 724. 13

968.02

99,965.91

31,422.99
3, 045. 96

216, 543. 74

Funds spent

for relief in

countries

named

4,627.02
11,088.28

5. 189. 28
9, 000. 00

1,821.33

7,400.00

None

258, 636. 06
134, 302. 44
2, .511. 93
11, 552. 36
24, 869. 07

None

6, 030. 16

225.00

83, 730. 29

20, 646. 03
2.331.31

None
5,000.00

190, 739. 86

Unexpended
balance as of
Dec. 31, 1941,
including cost
of goods pur-
chased and
still on hand

$252. 90
1,046.64
3, 591. 14
2, 909. 20

2, 679. 93
3, 704. 64

101, 648. 59
71. 25

None

15.01

429.14

9, 774. 86

5, 109. 43

2, 992. 66
1,653.43

23, 583. 04

Estimated
value of con-
tributions in
kind sent to
countries
named

$970. 00
6,150.00
3, 505. GO
3,073.28

1,300.00
None

964.74
21,682.39

1,878.08

None

1, 817. 60

None

1, 166, 20
None

None
None

200, 859. 80

Estimated
value of con-
tributions in
kind now on
hand

None

$100. 00

57.82

None
None

None
None
None

Funds spent
for adminis-
tration, pub-
licity, af-
fairs, cam-
paigns, etc.

None
None

None

$153. 19
69.32

5, 667. 53
467. 96

Noue
7.U0

2, 220. 84

tThe registration of this organization was revoked on Dec. 31, 1941 at the request of registrant.

{The registration of this organization was revoked on Dec. 22, 1941 at the request of registrant.

UThis registrant serves primarily as a clearing-house for the distribution abroad of contributions collected by other registrants; these receipts and
disbursements arc not included in the figures here given, since they are shown elsewhere in this tabulation following the names of the original collecting
registrants.

108

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BXJLLETIN
CoNTKiBUTiONS FOR Rexjef IN Beixioebent COUNTRIES — Continued

Name of registrant, location, date of registration, and
destination of contributions

Funds spent

for relief in

countries

named

Unexpended
balance as of
Dec. 31, 1941,
including cost
of goods pur-
chased and

still on hand

Estimated
value of con-
tributions in
kind sent to

countries
named

Estimated
value of con-
tributions in
kind now on
hand

The San Francisco Committee for the Aid of the
Russian Disabled Veterans of the World War, San
Francisco, Calif., Oct. 30, 1941.* Bulgaria, Yugo-
slavia, and France

Save the Children Federation, Incorporated, New
York. N.Y., Sept. 8, 1939. England, Poland, Bel-
gium, and the Netherlands..

Scandinavian-American Business Association, Inc.,
Brooklyn, N.Y., Oct. 30, 1941.' Norway and
United Kingdom

Schuylkill and Carbon Counties Relief Committee
for Poland, Frackville, Pa., Sept. 15, 1939. Poland. .

Scottish Clans Evacuation Plan, Washington, D.C.,
Nov. 19, 1940. Great Britain

Le Secours Franpais, New York, N.Y., Sept. II, 1940.
France

Secours Franco-Americain— War Relief, Pittsburgh,
Pa., Nov. 20. 1939. Great Britain

Secours Franco-Beige, New Bedlord, Mass., May 8,
1941. England, France, and Belgium

Serb National Federation, Pittsburgh, Pa., Apr. 29,
1941. Yugoslavia.

The Seventh Column, West Fairlee, Vt., June 12,
1940. France and England ,

The Silver Thimble Fund of America, New Orleans,
La., Feb. 18, 1941. Great Britain

Sociedades Hispanas Confederadas, Brooklyn, N.Y.,
Jan. 22, 1940.t France

Socif t6 Israelite Francaise de Secours Mutuels de New
York, New York, N.Y., June 4, 1940. France

Society of the Devotees of Jerusalem, Inc., New York,
N.Y. Dec. 18, 1939.t Palestine

The Somerset Workroom, Far Hills, N. J., Apr. 25,
1940. t France and Great Britain

Le Souvenir Frangais, Detroit, Mich., May 1, 1940. t
France and Belgium

Springfield and Vicinity Polish Relief Fund Com-
mittee, Springfield, Mass., Sept. 23, 1939. Poland..

State Industrial Employees-Aid to Britain Fund,
Millers Falls, Mass., Sept. 22, 1941.} Great Britain.

Superior Council of the Society of St. Vincent de Paul,
New York, N.Y., Apr. 5, 1940. France

Miss Heather Thatcher, Hollywood, Calif., Nov. 19,
1940. Great Britain

Toledo Committee for Relief ol War Victims, Toledo,
Ohio, Sept. 19. 1939. Poland and Canada...

Tolstoy Foundation. Inc., New York, N.Y., Oct. 17,
1939. France. Poland, and England

Mrs. Walter R. Tuckerman, Bethesda, Md., Nov. 24,
1939. Great Britain and Greece

Edmund Tyszka, Hamtramck, Mich., Sept. 19, 1939.
Poland

Ukrainian Gold Cross, Inc., New York, N.Y., May
8, 1941. France, Poland, Germany, Great Britain,
and Italy...

L'Union Alsacienne, Inc., New York, N.Y., Oct. 28,
1939. France

Union for the Protection of the Human Person, New
York, N.Y., May 6, 1941. France

8,438.13
25, 373. 69
52,949.89

2, 707. 66

626.88

43, 637. 28

None

2, 312. 02
31, 199. 12

6, 703. 32

26, 253. 19

25, 246. 70

326.60

1, 926. 27

1,045.13
310 00

9. 465. 19

9. 260. 70
44, 186. 29

4, 429. 23

3,111.46

1,023.31

8, 206. 24
23, 015. 90
31. 344. 74

2. 019. 68

100.00

16, 000. 00

None

2,000.00

30,240.87

2,682.34

16, 400. 00

22, 858. 75

266.50

1,100.00

641.35

310.00

9, 361. 66
7, 792. 82

22, 754. 34
4,419.76
3, 073. 96

542.84

1,560.27

None

651.64

2, 777. 63

640.73

393.28

28, 588. 98

None

214. 98

None

3, 265. 02

444.81

None

755. 07

None

1. 00

609.70

9,819.90

6.53

37.60

186.64
639.14
None

None
None
667. 17
3,690.60
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
14, 858. 65
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None

350.00
316.00
None

None
None
$1, 180. 44
None
None
None
None

220.00
None
None
None
None
None
None
None

600.00
None
None
None
None
None

250.00
None
None

•No report has been received from this organization.

tNo report for the month of December has been received from this organization.

JThe registration of this organization was revoked on Dec. 31, 1941 at the request of registrant.

JANUARY 31, 1942

109

CoNTBiBtiTiONS TOE Rfxief IN Beixigeeent Countbies — Continued

Name of registrant, location, date of registration, and
destination of contributions

Funds spent

for relief in

countries

named

Unexpended
balance as of
Dee. 31, 1941,
including cost
of goods pur-
chased and
still on band

Estimated
value of con-
tributions in
kind sent to

countries
named

Estimated
value of con-
tributions in
kind now on
hand

Funds spent
for adminis-
tration, pub-
licity, af-
fairs, cam-
paigns, etc.

Unitarian Service Committee of the American Uni-
tarian Association, Boston, Ma&s., May 23, 1940.
France, British Isles, and the Netherlands

United American Polish Organizations, South River,
N.J.. South River, N. J., Oct. 20, 1939. Poland

United American Spanish Aid Committee, New
York, N.Y., Apr. 29, 1940. France and the United
Kingdom ,

United Bilgorayer Relief, Inc., New York, N.Y.,
Mar. 21, 1940. Poland

United British Societiesof Minneapolis, Minneapolis,
Minn., Jan. 21, 19411 Great Britain

United British War Relief Association, Somerville,
Mass., Jun» 14, 1910.' Great Britain

United Charity Institutions of Jerusalem, New York,
N.Y., Oct. 13, 1939. Palestine ,

United Free France, New York, N.Y., May 16, 1941.
France

United Polish Committees In Racine, Wisconsin,
Racine, Wis., Nov. 2, 1939. Poland..

United Polish Organizations of Salem, Massachusetts,
Salem, Mass., Oct. 20, 1939. Poland

United Polish Societies of Los Angeles, Calif., Oct.

21, 1939. Poland..

United Reading Appeal for Polish War S^iflerers,

Reading, Pa., Sept. 22, 1939. Poland and England
Universallst General Convention, Boston, Mass.,

May 23, 1941. England and France..

Mrs. Paul Verdier Fund, San Francisco, Calil., Oct.

11, 1939.t France.

Vitamins for Britain, Inc., New York, N. Y., Mar.

22, 1941. Great Britain

Wellesley College Alumnae Association, Wellesley,

Mass., Jan. 31, 1941.1 Great Britain _

White and Manning Dance Relief, Highland Park,
Mich., July 25, 1941.1 Great Britain..

Woman's Auxiliary Board of the Scots' Charitable
Society, Inc., Everett, Mass., Feb. 28, 1940. Scot-
land

Women's Allied War Relief Association of St. Louis,
Clayton, Mo., Dec. 18, 1939. Great Britain and
France..

Young Friends of French Prisoners and Babies, New
York, N.Y., Feb. 28, 1941.' France.

Yugoslav-American Relief Committee, Inc., Chicago,
111., June 19, 1941. Yugoslavia

Yugoslav Relief Committee of America, Chicago, 111.,
May 27, 1941. Yugoslavia

Yugoslav War Relief, Kenosha, Wis., Aug. 14, 1941.
Yugoslavia

Yugoslav War Relief Association of State of Washing-
ton, Seattle, Wash., July 5, 1941. Yugoslavia

Yugoslavic-American Association, Washington, D. C,
Nov. 13, 1941. Yugoslavia

Registrants whose registrations were revoked prior to
Dec. 1, 1941

$140, 196. 03
4, 196. 06

16, 496. 32
2, 210. 98

2, 615. 00
16, 457. 96

124,286.05
6, 954. 83
2, 955. 66

3, 813. 08

4, 633. 33
10, 086. 63

6, 869. 31

4, 207. 41

6, 008. 24

141. 16

637. 51

8, 606. 49

29, 796. 29

720.03

3, 267. 45

13, 307. 74

166. 65

877. 97

204.30

4, 295, 203. 87

$100,047.72
4, 069. 12

12, 610. 16
200. 00

1, 829. 28
13, 942. 55
71,059.41

637. 00

2, 510. 32
3, 095. 32
4, 142. 10
7,931.29
1, 272. 67
3,897.31
1,620.00

71.00
209. 49

8,341.45

25. 878. 04
394. 00
None
None
148. 65
None
38.00
3, 427, 089. 73

$6, 065. 63
None

None

1, 420. 69

None

1,077.77

138.33

4, 887. 87

160.06

279. 85

28.27

2, 004. 20

4, 130. 82

None

2, 906. 32

None

48.73

3, 231. 03

13, 295. 24

10.00

669. 05

None

103, 493. 93

$1,100.00
None

None
None
None
725. 00
None
None
200.00
695. 00
None
22.00
None
3, 282. 00
None
None
None

None

63, 961. 00
None
None
None
None
None
None
1, 468, 605. 60

None
None

None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None

None

None
None
$50.00
None
None
None
None
2, 867. 15

$34, 082. 68
136. 94

3,886.17
690.29
685. 72

1,437.64
53, 088. 31

1,429.96
295.27
437. 91
462. 96
151. 14
455. 82
310. 10
481. 92
70.16
428.02

216.31

1, 737 02
226.23
36.42
12.50
8.00
208.92
166. 30
764, 620. 21

TotalJ.

48, 399, 563. 44

37,093,682.22

14, 201, 362. 31

IThe registration of this organization was revoked on Dec. 31, 1941 at the request of registrant.
•No report for the month of December has been received irom this organization.

tNo reports for the months of October, November, and December have been received from this organization.

t It is not possible to strike an e-xact balance in these published totals, since some registrants have included in their expenditures moneys available
from loans or advances, which are not considered by the Department to be "funds received" and hence are not reported as such.

Treaty Information

Compiled in the Treaty Division

INDIAN AFFAIRS

Convention Providing for the Creation of an
Inter-American Indian Institute

Ecuador

The Mexican Ambassador at Washington in-
formed the Secretary of State by a note dated
January 7, 1942 that the instrument of ratifica-
tion by Ecuador of the Convention Providing
for the Creation of an Inter-American Indian
Institute, which was opened for signature at
Mexico City on November 1, 1940, was deposited
with the Mexican Government on December 13,
1941.

The convention has now been ratified by five
countries— the United States of America, Ecua-
dor, El Salvador, Honduras, and Mexico.

POSTAL
Universal Postal Convention, 1939

Great Britain, and Dependencies

By a note dated November 27, 1941 the Swiss
Minister at "Washington transmitted to the Sec-
retary of State a copy of a note from the British
Legation at Bern to the Swiss Confederation
dated November 12, 1941, regarding the deposit
of the instrument of ratification by Great Brit-
ain on October 21, 1941 of the Universal Postal
Convention and of the Arrangement Concern-
ing Letters and Parcels of Declared Value, both
signed at Buenos Aires on May 23, 1939, and of
the adherence of certain colonies, overseas ter-
ritories, protectorates, and territories under
suzerainty or mandate to the convention and the
arrangement.

The texts of the note and of the two lists
attached thereto are printed below :
110

"BRmsH Legation,

"Berne, 12th November, 19^1.
"Monsieur le Conseiller Fedicral,

"In compliance with instructions from His
Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for For-
eign Affairs, I have the honour to inform Your
Excellency, that the ratification by the Govern-
ment of the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Northern Ireland of the Universal Postal
Convention and of the Agreement concerning
Insured Letters and Boxes, signed at Buenos
Aires on the 23rd May, 1939, was deposited at
that capital on the 21st October, 1941, and to
declare, in accordance with paragraph 1 of
Article 9 of the Convention that acceptance of
the said Convention and Agreement by the Gov-
ernment of the United Kingdom respectively
includes the Colonies, Overseas Territories, Pro-
tectorates and Territories under suzerainty or
mandate named in the annexed lists A and B.

"2. Lest there should appear to be some in-
consistency between the making of this declara-
tion and the provisions of the last paragraph of
Article 9 of the Convention, I have the honour
to inform you that on the deposit of the United
Kingdom ratification, a statement was made to
the Argentine Government to the effect that, as
the Convention was not actually signed on be-
half of the British territories referred to in the
preamble as "I'ensemble des Colonies britan-
niques, y compris les territoires d'outre-mer,
les Protectorats et les Territoires sous suze-
rainete ou mandat" these territories are to be
regarded as capable of participating in the
Convention by virtue of the first paragraph of
Article 9, notwithstanding the provisions of
paragraph 5 of that Article.

"3. The territories named in list A are to be
regarded as together forming a single Admin-

JANUARY 31, 1942

111

istration of the Union, in virtue of Article 8
of the Convention.

"4. I liave the honour to request that you will
be so good as to acknowledge the receipt of this
communication in due course.

"I avail [etc.] David Victor I^ellt"

UNIVEBSAL POSTAL CONVENTION

Territories deemed to participate in the convention

Burma

Newfoundland

Southern Rhodesia

Bechuanaland Protectorate

Aden (Col. and Prot.)

Bahamas

Barbados

Bermuda

British Guiana

British Honduras

Ceylon

Cyprus

Falliland Islands and Dependencies

Fiji

Gambia (Col. and Prot.)

Gibraltar

Gold Coast:

(a) Colony

(b) Ashanti

(d) Togoland (under British Mandate)
Hong Kong

Jamaica (Including the Turks and Calces Islands and

the Cayman Islands)
Kenya (Col. and Prot.)
Leeward Islands :

Antigua

Montserrat

St. Kitts-Nevis

Virgin Islands
Malay States :

(a) Federated Malay States:

Negri Sembilan
Pahang
Perak
Selangor

(b) Unfederated Malay States:

Johore

Kedah

Kelantan

Perils

Trangganu

Brunei
Malta
Mauritius

Nigeria :

(a) Colony

(b) Protectorate

Northern Rhodesia

Nyasaland Protectorate

Palestine (including Transjordan)

St. Helena and Ascension

Sarawak

Seychelles

Sierra Leone (Col. and Prot.)

Somaliland Protectorate

Straits Settlements

Tanganyika Territory

Trinidad and Tobago

Uganda Protectorate

Western Pacific Islands:

Pitcairn Islands

Salomon Is. Prot.

Gilbert and Ellice Is. Col.

Tonga
Windward Islands:

Dominica

Grenada

St. Lucia

St. Vincent
Zanzibar Protectorate.

"B"

INSUEED LETTBX8 AND BOXES AGBEEMENT

List Of territories covered hy signature on behalf of

His Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom
Burma

Newfoundland
Aden (Col. and Prot.)
Barbados
Bermuda
British Guiana
British Honduras
Ceylon
Cyprus

Falkland Islands and Dependencies
Fiji

Gambia (Col. and Prot.)
Gibraltar
Gold Coast:

(a) Colony

(b) Ashanti

(d) Togoland (under British Mandate)
Hong, Kong

Jamaica (including the Cayman Islands)
Kenya (Col. and Prot.)

112

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BTTLLETm

Leeward Islands:

Antigua

Montserrat

St. Kitts-Nevis

Virgin Islands
Malay States:

(a) Federated M. S.

Negri Sembilan
Pahang
Perak
Selangor

(b) UnfederatBd M. S.

Johore

Kedah

Kelantan

Perils

Trangganu

Brunei
Malta
Mauritius
Nigeria :

(a) Colony

(b) Protectorate

Palestine

St. Helena

Sarawak

Seychelles

Sierra Leone (Col. and Prot.)

Somaliland Prot.

Straits Settlements

Tanganyika Territory

Trinidad and Tobago

Uganda Prot.

W. Pacific Islands

Tonga
Windward Islands

Dominica

Grenada

St. Lucia

St. Vincent
Zanzibar Protectorate.

Publications

Regulations

Control of Persons Entering and Leaving the United
States Pursuant to the Act of May 22, 1918, as
Amended : Rules and Regulations of the Interde-
partmental Visa Review Committee, Adopted at
Washington, January 26, 1942, Eifective January 27,
1942. (Department of State.) 7 Federal Register
576.

Department of State

Publications of the Department of State (a list cumu-
lative from October 1, 1929). January 1, 1942. Pub-
lication 1679. 29 pp. Free.

Other Government Agencies

Fifth Annual Report of the President of the Philip-
pines to the President and the Congress of the United
States, Covering the Period July 1, 1939, to June 30,
1940. H. Doc. 440, 77th Cong, vi, 41 pp.

United States Maritime Commission : Report to Con-
gress for the Period Ended October 25, 1941. H. Doc.
554, 77th Cong. vi. 62 pp. 10«f.

Legislation

Independent Offices Appropriation Bill for 1943 : Hear-
ings Before the Subcommittee of the Committee on
Appropriations, House of Representatives, 77th
Cong., 2d sess.. Part 1. [Foreign Service pay adjust-
ment, pp. 51-58; foreign ships taken over by United
States and transfer of ships to foreign registry, pp.
297-298 ; Export-Import Bank, pp. 673-678.] 1177 pp.

Great Lakes - St. Lawrence Basin : Hearings Before
the Committee on Rivers and Harbors, House of
Representatives, 77th Cong., 1st sess., on the subject
of the improvement of the Great Lakes - St. Lawrence
Seaway and Power Project. Part 2, July 14 to August
6, 1941. (Revised.) iv, 1105-2284, and xxiv pp.

Fourth Supplemental National Defense Appropriation
Bill, 1942. S. Rept. 994, 77th Cong., on H.R. 6448.
[Includes $800,000 for "Transportation, Foreign
Service".] 3 pp.

Attack Upon Pearl Harbor by Japanese Armed Forces :
Report of the Commission Appointed by the President
of the United States To Investigate and Report the
Facts Relating to the Attack Made by Japanese
Armed Forces Upon Pearl Harbor in the Territory
of Hawaii on December 7, 1941. S. Doc. 159, 77th
Cong. 21 pp.

Regulating Water-Borne Foreign Commerce of the
United States. H. Rept. 1682, 77th Cong., on H.R.
6291. 18 pp.

Amending tbe Nationality Act of 1940 [to expedite the
naturalization of persons who are not citizens, who
have served or who may hereafter serve honorably
in the military or naval forces of the United States

JANUARY 31, 1942 113

during the present war]. H. Kept. 1710, 77th Cong., An Act Authorizing vessels of Canadian registry to

on H.R. CA3i). 6 pp. transport iron ore on the Great Laljes during 1942.

Joint Kcsolution to Maintain the Secrecy of Military Approved January 27, 1942. [S. 2204.] Public Law

Information [by amending sec. 12 (h) of the Neu- 416, 77th Cong. 1 p.

trality Act of 1939 to dispense with certain reports Joint Resolution To enable the United States to become

in the discretion of the Secretary of State]. Ap- an adhering member of the Inter-American Statis-

proved January 26, 1942. [S. J. Res. 124.] Public tical Institute. Approved January 27, 1942. [S. J.

Law 414, 77th Cong. 1 p. Res. 96.] Public Law 417, 77th Cong. 1 p.

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C. — Price 10 cents Subscription price, $2.75 a year

PCBLISHED WEEKLT WITH THE APPROVAL OF THE OIBECTOB OF THE BUREAU OP THE BUDGET

"fbsd./ n 30

THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE

BUL

ontents

■^ rm

Tin

FEBRUARY 7, 1942
Vol. VI, No. 137— Publication 1696

The War p^^^
Third Meeting of Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the
American RepubHcs:

Statement by the Secretary of State 117

Fmal act 117

Exchange of official representatives of countries at war . 141

Financial aid to China 142

American officials and nationals m the Far East . . . . 143

Declarationsof war by beUigerent countries 143

American Republics

Visit to the United States of BraziHan Minister of

Finance 145

General

Supremacy of federal pohcy over state policy in

matter of recognition of foreign government . . . 146

Suits by enemy plaintiffs 147

The Foreign Service

Death of American Minister Resident in Iraq 147

Personnel changes 148

Legislation 148

Publications 149

U. S. SUPERINTENDENT QF DOCd-yiFNT?

FEB 20 1912

The War

THIRD MEETING OF MINISTERS OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF THE
AMERICAN REPUBLICS

STATEMENT BY THE SECRETARY OF STATE

[Released to the press February 2]

Upon return of tlie American delegation to
the Rio conference to this country, lieaded by
Mr. Welles, I desire to welcome them home and
to felicitate with them upon the splendid suc-
cess which has attended their unremitting ef-

forts at the Eio conference — efforts which were
directed toward the common objective of hemi-
spheric solidarity and mutual defense. I am
sure that the fine results already achieved at
Rio will be translated rapidly into effective ac-
tion throughout all of the American nations.

FINAL ACT

[The certified copy of the final act has not yet been received in the Department. The following text, however,
printed herein for the convenience of the readers of the Bulletin, is believed to be substantially correct.]

[Released to the press February 2]

The Governments of the American Republics,
desirous that their Ministers, of Foreign Affairs
or their respective representatives meet for pur-
poses of consultation, in accordance with agree-
ments adopted at previous inter-American con-
ferences, designated for this purpose the repre-
sentatives listed below in the order determined
by lot, who met in the City of Rio de Janeiro
from January 15th to January 28th, 1942 :

Costa Rica : — His Excellency Alberto Echandi,

Minister of Foreign Affairs
Colombia: — His Excellency Gabriel Turbat,

representative of the Minister of Foreign

Affairs
Cuba : — His Excellency Aurelio Fekn.\ndez

CoNCHESO, representative of the Minister of

State

Dominican Republic : — His Excellency Artueo

Despradel, Secretary of State for Foreign

Affairs
Honduras: — His Excellency Juli.4N R.

Caceres, representative of the Minister of

Foreign Affairs
El Salvador: — His Excellency Hector David

Castro, representative of the Minister of

Foreign Affairs
Paraguay: — His Excellency Luis A. Argaxa,

Minister of Foreign Affairs
Uruguay: — His Excellency Alberto Guani,

Minister of Foreign Affairs
Argentina: — His Excellency Enrique Ruiz-

GuiNAZu, Minister of Foreign Affairs and

Worship
Chile: — His Excellency Juan Bautista Ros-

SETTi, Minister of Foreign Affairs

117

118

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

Bolivia: — His Excellency Edtjardo Anza Ma-

TiENzo, Minister of Foreign Affairs and

Worship
Panama: — His Excellency Octavio Fabrega,

Minister of Foreign Affairs
Venezuela : — His Excellency CAKAccifiLO

Pakra Perez, Minister of Foreign Affairs
Ecuador: — His Excellency Julio Tobar Do-

Noso, Mhiister of Foreign Affairs
Guatemala : — His Excellency Manuel Arroyo,

representative of the Minister of Foreign

Affairs
Mexico: — His Excellency Ezequtel Padilla,

Secretary of Foreign Affairs
United States of America: — The Honorable

Sumner Welles, representative of the Sec-
retary of State
Peru: — His Excellency Alfredo Sole t Muro,

Minister of Foreign Affairs
Haiti: — His Excellency Charles Fombrun,

Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
Nicaragua : — His Excellency Mariano Argu-

ELLo Vargas, Minister of Foreign Affaii's
Brazil: — His Excellency Oswaldo Aranha,

Minister of Foreign Affairs

His Excellency Getulio Vargas, President of
Brazil, delivered an address at the Inaugural
Session held in the Tiradentes Palace on Janu-
ary 15th, under the provisional presidency of
His Excellency Oswaldo Aranha, Minister of
Foreign Affairs of Brazil. The response on
behalf of the delegates was delivered by His
Excellency Juan B. Rossetti, Minister of For-
eign Affairs of Chile.

At a Plenary Session held immediately after
the Inaugural Session, His Excellency Oswaldo
Aranha was elected by acclamation Permanent
President of the Meeting In accordance with
the Regulations, the Government of Brazil des-
ignated His Excellency Jose de Paula Rodri-
gues Alves, Secretary General of the Meeting.

The program of the Meeting was approved by
the Governing Board of the Pan American
Union on December 17, 1941.

The regulations had been previously formu-
lated by the Governing Board in accordance
with a resolution of the Second Meeting of For-
eign Ministers.

As provided for in the regulations a Com-
mittee on Credentials was appointed, composed
of His Excellency Dr. Ezequiel Padilla, Secre-
tary of Foreign Affairs of Mexico ; His Excel-
lency Dr. Alberto Echandi Montero, Minister
of Foreign Affairs of Costa Rica ; and His Ex-
cellency Dr. Luis A. Argafia, Minister of Foreign
Affairs of Paraguay.

In order to coordinate the texts of the conclu-
sions in the four official languages of the Meet-
ing, a Committee on Coordination was ap-
pointed, composed of L. A. Podesta Costa
(Argentina), Camillo de Oliveira (Brazil),
Warren Kelchner (United States of America) ,
and Dantes Bellegarde (Haiti).

The fleeting further agreed that there should
be two committees to consider the topics in-
cluded in the Agenda, each Committee to be
composed of the Ministers of Foreign Affairs,
or their representatives, of all the countries, with
the right to appoint another member of their
respective Delegations in the event they were
unable to attend a session in person.

As a result of its deliberations the Third
Meeting of Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the
American Republics approved the following
conclusions:

I
Breaking of Diplomatic Relations

The American Republics reaffirm their decla-
ration to consider any act of aggression on the
part of a non-American State against one of
them as an act of aggression against all of them,
constituting as it does an immediate threat to
the liberty and independence of America.

The American Republics reaffirm their com-
plete solidarity and their determination to co-
operate jointly for their mutual protection until
the effects of the present aggression against the
Continent have disappeared.

The American Republics, in accordance with
the procedures established by their own laws

FEBRUARY 7, 1942

119

and in conformity with the position and cir-
cumstances obtaining in each country in the
existing continental conflict, recommend the
breaking of their diplomatic relations with
Japan, Germany and Italy, since the first-men-
tioned State attacked and the other two declared
war on an American country.

Finally, the American Republics declare that,
prior to the reestablishment of the relations re-
ferred to in the preceding paragraph, they will
consult among themselves iii order that their
action may have a solidary character.

Production of Strategic Materials

Whereas:

1. Continental solidarity must be translated
into positive and efficient action of the highest
significance, which action can be no other than
an economic mobilization of the American Re-
publics capable of rapidly and fully guarantee-
ing the supply of strategic and basic materials
necessary to the defense of the Hemisphere;

2. This mobilization should include all activi-
ties which will advance the desired end, and
must have the preferential character which its
nature and purpose require ;

3. In order to ensure the smooth carrying out
of the suggested plan, every positive action
must be taken; all existing obstacles or those
which may in the future appear should be elim-
inated or minimized ; and all contributory fac-
tors should be strengthened;

4. Commercial speculation should be pre-
vented from taking unfair advantage of the
situation ;

5. Guarantees should be given for the contin-
uance of long-term contracts and for the main-
tenance of prices, equitable both for the con-
sumer and profitable to the producer, to permit
the attahiment and maintenance of a fair wage
level ;

6. Consideration must be given to measures
providing for transition to the post-war period
and the resulting readjustment with a minimum
of disturbance to production and commerce;
taking steps to protect, at the opf)ortune time,

producers against competition from goods pro-
duced in countries with a low standard of
living;

7. Credit operations should have, as far as
possible, an economic character, and should
take into account the real ability of the debtors
to repay;

8. There should exist in each country of the
Americas special organizations to formulate
promptly the respective national plans for eco-
nomic mobilization;

9. A Pan American organization should
formulate coordinated general plans of mobili-
zation on the basis of the national plans above
indicated; and

10. The Inter-American Financial and Eco-
nomic Advisory Committee can efficiently carry
out these functions if its authority and powers
are enlarged.

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of For-
eign Affairs of the American Republics

Recommends :

1. That, as a practical expression of continen-
tal solidarity, an economic mobilization of the
American Republics be effected, with a view to
assuring to the countries of this Hemisphere,
and particularly to those at war, an adequate
supply of basic and strategic materials m the
shortest possible time.

2. That such mobilization include mining, ag-
ricultural, industrial and commercial activities
related to the supply not only of materials for
strictly military use but also of products essen-
tial for civilian needs.

3. That full recognition be given to the im-
perative character and extreme urgency of the
existing situation when formulating measures
necessary to effect economic mobilization.

4. That the mobilization include measures to
stimulate production and other measures de-
signed to eliminate or minimize administrative
formalities and the regulations and restrictions
which impede the production and free flow of
basic and strategic materials.

5. That, in addition, measures be adopted to
strengthen the finances of the producing coim-
tries.

120

6. That the American nations take measures
to prevent commercial speculation from increas-
ing export prices of basic and strategic prod-
ucts above the limits fixed for the respective
domestic markets.

7. That, in so far as possible, the increase of
jjroduction be assured by bilateral or multi-
lateral agreements or contracts which provide
for purchases during long periods at prices
■which are equitable for the consumer, remunera-
tive to the producer and which provide a fair
standard of wages for the workers of the Amer-
icas, in which producers are protected against
competition from products originating in areas
wherein real wages are unduly low ; and wliich
make provision for the period of transition after
the war and the readjustments which will follow
in a manner guaranteeing the continuance of
adequate production and permitting the ex-
istence of trade under conditions equitable to
producers.

8. That the service of financial obligations
incurred to maintain and stimulate production
in each country be made conditional, in so far
as possible, upon the proceeds of its exports.

9. That the American nations which do not
possess appropriate agencies organize special
commissions prior to April 30, 1942 to formu-
late national plans for economic mobilization.

10. Tliat tlie said commissions provide the
Inter-American Financial and Economic Ad-
visory Committee with the necessary material
so that it may formulate a coordinated general
plan for economic mobilization.

11. That tlie Inter-American Financial and
Economic Advisory Committee be further
charged with preparing a list, to be periodically
revised, of the basic and strategic materials con-
sidered by each country as necessary for the
defense of the Hemisphere ; and

Resolves :

12. That, in order to enable the Inter- Ameri-
can Financial and Economic Advisory Conunit-
tee to carry out the new duties entrusted to it,
its means of operation be expanded immediately,
and that it be empowered to request the Ameri-
can Governments to execute the inter- American

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BtTLLETIN

economic agreements which they have previously I
approved. *

III

Maintenance of the Internal Economy or
THE American Countries

Whereas :

1. The First and Second Meetings of the Min-
isters of Foreign Affairs of the American Re-
publics recommended that there be established,
among them, a close and sincere cooperation in
order to protect tlieir economic and financial
structure, maintain their fiscal equilibrium, safe-
guard the stability of their currencies, promote
and expand their commerce and, in addition,
declared that the American nations continue to
adliere to the liberal principles of international
trade, conducted with peaceful motives and
based upon equality of treatment and fair and
equitable trade practices, and that they do every-
tliing in their power to strengthen their economic
position, to improve further the trade and other
economic relations among themselves, by devis-
ing and applying appropriate measures to
lessen the diiBculties, disadvantages and dangers
arising from disturbed and dislocated world I
conditions; I

2. The dislocations of the economy of the
American nations caused by the war demand,
more than ever before, common and coordinated
action, in order that their trade may be inten-
sified in accordance with their mutual needs and
upon the basis of the greatest possible equality ;

3. The establishment of adequate facilities
for commercial credit, on the part of nations
which produce raw materials, industrial ma-
chinery or manufactured articles, is an indis-
pensable requirement for the maintenance of a
sound economy in the consuming countries ;

4. The fixing of prices and ceilings on raw
materials and foodstuffs should be based upon
a fair correlation, which takes into account not
only costs of production, transportation, insur-
ance and a reasonable profit, but also the general
price level of products exported by the country
which imports such raw materials and food-
stuffs ;

FEBRUARY 7, 1942

121

5. The systems of priority and licenses estab-
lished by some countries with respect to the
exportation of materials, which are related to
their defense requirements, have brought about
consequences affecting commercial interchange
and it is therefore necessary to recommend ade-
quate systems and measures to alleviate said
consequences,

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of For-
eign Affairs of the American Republics

Resolves :

1. To recommend to the nations which pro-
duce raw materials, industrial machinery and
other articles essential for the maintenance of
the domestic economies of the consuming coun-
tries that they do everything possible to supply
such articles and products in quantities suffi-
cient to prevent a scarcity thereof, which might
bring about consequences detrimental to the eco-
nomic life of the American peoples. The ap-
plication of this recommendation is subject to
the practical limitations of the existing emer-
gency and shall not endanger the security or
the defense of the exporting nations.

2. To recommend that all the nations of this
continent have access, with the greatest possible
degree of equality, to inter-American commerce
and to the raw materials which they require for
the satisfactory and prosperous development of
their respective economies, provided, however,
that they shall give preferential treatment to
the nations at war for equal access to materials
essential to their defense; and that, in agree-
ments which may be concluded, the essential
needs of other American countries be considered
with a view to preventing dislocations in their
domestic economies.

3. To recommend to the countries which ex-
port industrial raw materials, foodstuffs, man-
ufactured products or industrial machinery,
that they establish adequate, ample, liberal and
effective systems of credit which will facilitate
the acquisition of such of these products as may
be required by the industry and commerce of
the consumer nations to maintain their econ-
omy upon firm foundations, and that this be
done in such a way as to lessen and alleviate

the adverse effects upon the consumer nations
of the extension of the war and the closing down
of non-American markets.

4. To urge the Governments of America to
adopt necessary measures to harmonize prices
on the following bases:

(a) That sharp increases in the prices of ex-
port products shall not be permitted ;

(b) That the distributors or processors of im-
ported goods shall likewise not be permitted to
increase unduly the prices to be paid by the
consumer ;

(c) That the maximum purchase price fixed
by an American Republic for any product or
article which it imports from another American
Republic shall be submitted to consultation, if
deemed advisable, by the Governments of the
interested countries ;

(d) That in their price policies the American
Republics endeavor to establish a fair relation
between the prices of foodstuffs, raw materials
and manufactured articles.

5. Finally to recommend to the American
Governments the following standards for the
purpose of improving their economic relations :

(a) The establishment, for the control of ex-
ports, of simple administrative systems of the
greatest possible autonomy based upon rapid
and efficient methods which will satisfy essential
requirements promptly, especially for the main-
tenance of the basic industries of each country;

(b) The adoption by the governments of ex-
porting countries of a system of allocation to
each country of products and articles subject to
priorities and licenses which are essential to the
domestic economy of the importing countries;

(c) The appointment by exporting countries
which maintain systems of priorities, licenses or
allocations of representatives in the capitals of
the importing countries to cooperate with the
appropriate organizations of the latter in the
study of questions arising in connection with the
export and import of products and articles sub-
ject to allocations or special controls, so as to
accelerate procedure and to diminish, as much
as possible, other difficulties involved in the in-
terchange of such products and articles. The
recommendation or opinion of guch representa-

122

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

tives shall constitute, in principle, a recognition
on their part of the need and desirability of such
imports;

(d) The prompt exchange of statistics relat-
ing to consumer needs and to the production of
raw materials, foodstuffs and manufactured
products, utilizing, whenever appropriate, such
organizations as the Inter-American Financial
and Economic Advisory Committee or others
which appropriately may facilitate and stimu-
late commercial interchange among the nations
of the Americas.

IV
Mobilization or Transportation Facilities

Whereas :

1. The problem of increasing to the highest
degree the efficiency of transportation facilities
among the Republics of tlie Western Hemisphere
is of great importance in view of the difficulties
arising from the existing emergency ;

2. The establishment of the greatest possible
coordination of the various inland waterway,
land, maritime and air services of the American
Republics is indispensable for their most effec-
tive use ;

3. The difficulties of transporting essential
articles and materials normally exported and
imported by each nation could provoke economic
and social dislocation and diminish or paralyze
its industrial activities, a particularly serious
situation when such activities are devoted pri-
marily to the production of articles or materials
necessary for the defense of the Continent ; and

4. In order properly to provide for defense
and to develop inter-American conamerce it is
indispensable to improve and expand the sys-
tems of communication among the countries of
the Continent,

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of For-
eign Affairs of the American Republics

Resolves:

1. To recommend to the Governments of the
American Republics :

(a) That they adopt immediately, in so far
as possible, adequate measures to expand and

improve all the communications systems of im-
portance to continental defense and to the
development of commerce between the Ameri-
can nations ;

(b) That they make every effort consistent
with national or continental defense fully to
utilize and develop their respective internal
transportation facilities in order to assure the
rapid delivery of those goods which are essential
to the maintenance of tlieir respective econo-
mies;

(c) That through their national authorities,
the Inter-American Financial and Economic
Advisory Committee, and all other instruments
of inter- American economic cooperation which
may have been established, they take every ap-
propriate measure individually and jointly to
improve and supplement inter-American com-
munication facilities — air, maritime, land, in-
land waterway — related to the economy and
defense of the Western Hemisphere and to the
other objectives set forth in this resolution;

(d) That they adopt measures to insure the
allocation of sufficient shipping tonnage for
general trade and cooperate in creating and
facilitating, by every means in their power, the
maintenance of adequate maritime services,
utilizing especially all the vessels that are im-
mobilized in their ports, belonging to countries
at war with any American nation ;

(e) That those with merchant fleets consider
the necessity of maintaining in service sufficient
vessels to guarantee maritime transportation
which will permit the nations of the Continent
to import and export products essential to their
respective economies and that, in cooperation
with the Inter-American Financial and Eco-
nomic Advisory Committee, maritime organi-
zations functioning in various American na-
tions and the Inter-American Maritime Tech-
nical Commission, they endeavor to coordinate
shipping between the American Republics so
that the vessels now in continental service,
without omitting or changing existing steps,
may make such calls at ports of nations, which
are most affected in certain regions of the Hemi-
sphere, as are necessary in order to assure them
regular and suitable transportation ;

FEBRUARY 7, 1942

123

(f) That they take, in so far as possible,
measures necessary to minimize expenses at
ports of call, such as port dues and lighthouse
charges, etc. ;

(g) That they endeavor to expand port fa-
cilities and provide means necessary for the
rapid repair of damaged vessels and for their
normal maintenance ;

(li) That they undertake to speed up internal
transportation and increase the carrying capac-
ity of railway systems, taking steps rapidly to
complete routes important for continental de-
fense which are under construction or recon-
struction;

(i) That they study the desirability of recog-
nizing the right of each State to full participa-
tion in international trade under a system of
free access to transportation for all classes of
cargo in conformity with the provisions of ex-
isting international agreements and consistent
with the legislation of each country;

( j ) That they undertake to imjjrove and en-
large existing airports and to construct new
airports equipped with necessary installations
and repair shops, so as to create a system of air
transportation, with terminals in the Americas,
which fully meets the requirements of inter-
American and domestic air services ;

(k) That they speed up the construction of
the unfinished sections of the Pan American
Highway and the improvement of the sections
already constructed so as to provide efficient
transportation in the Hemisphere and permit
the development of inter- American and domes-
tic commerce, connecting centers of production
with centers of consumption. To this end, there
are expressly reiterated the conclusions ap-
proved in recommendation number LII of the
Lima Conference of 1938 and in resolution
number XXIII of the Habana Meeting of 1940;
and

(1) That they give full support and render
the fullest practicable measure of cooperation to
the work of the Inter-American Financial and
Economic Advisory Committee and of its
Inter-American Maritime Tecluiical Commis-
sion in all their problems and, particularly, in

the field of merchant sliijjping, taking joint
steps necessary to enable the Goverimients of
the American Republics to mobilize, in the full-
est and m,ost effective manner, all the ships avail-
able in the Western Hemisphere, so as to give
priority to the transportation of strategic and
basic materials essential for the defense of the
Continent and for the maintenance of the eco-
nomic welfare of the American Republics.

2. To recommend to the Inter-American
Financial and Economic Advisory Committee
and the Inter-American Maritime Technical
Commission :

(a) That they suggest to the Governments
measures necessary in order, by pi'evious agree-
ment between administrative agencies of such
Governments, aviation and shipping concerns,
and public or private railway companies oper-
ating in the American Republics, to promote and
improve the entire system of inter-Amei'ican
transportation, endeavoring to guarantee reg-
ular and coordinated mobilization and provi-
sion of means necessary for the transportation
both of products which are imported and ex-
ported by each of the countries as well as for
the effective and comfortable travel of their
peoples ;

(b) That they encourage the conclusion of
agreements regarding the matters set forth in
the preceding paragraph between countries that
wish to enter into them, and study ways of re-
placing existing means of transportation should
they become inadequate ;

(c) That they study the possibility of allocat-
ing adequate and sufficient transportation to
each country, taking into account not only ton-
nage but also the speed of and the facilities for
loading and discharging vessels which carry
essential raw materials, and that, moreover, they
encourage the fixing, from time to time, of maxi-
mum freight rates ;

(d) That they study a general plan of inter-
Am,erican maritime transportation, taking into
account the availability of vessels and the mini-
mum requirements of each of the Republics of
the Continent, so that they will all be linked, by

124

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETESf

regular and adequate services, with their prin-
cipal import and export markets;

(e) That they examine the desirability of ap-
plying the "Cash and Carry System" to the
transportation of commodities.

Se\'erance of Commercial and Financial
Relations
Whereas:

1. At the Second Meeting of Ministers of For-
eign Affairs of the American Republics, held at
Habana in July 1940, it was declared that any
attempt on the part of a non-American State
against the integrity or inviolability of the ter-
ritory, the sovereignty or the political independ-
ence of an American State should be considered
as an act of aggression against all of the Amer-
ican States;

2. As a result of the aggression committed
against the Western Hemisphere a state of war
exists between American Republics and non-
American States, which affects the political and
economic interests of the whole Continent and
demands the adoption of measures for the de-
fense and security of all of the American Re-
publics;

3. All of the American Republics have already
adopted measures which subject to some control
the exportation or re-exportation of merchan-
dise; most of the American Republics have in-
stituted systems of restriction and control of
financial and commercial transactions with the
nations signatory to the Tripartite Pact and
the territories dominated by them, and others
have adopted measures to curb other alien eco-
nomic activities prejudicial to their welfare;
and all the American Republics have approved
the recommendations of the Inter- American
Financial and Economic Advisory Committee
regarding the immediate placing into service of
tlie merchant vessels of non-American registry
lying immobilized in American ports,

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of For-
eign Affairs of the American Republics

Recommends :
1. That the Governments of the American
Republics, in a manner consistent with the

usual practices and the legislation of the respec-
tive countries, adopt immediately :

(a) Any additional measures necessary to cut
off for the duration of the present Hemispheric
emergency all commercial and financial inter-
course, direct or indirect, between the Western
Hemisphere and the nations signatory to the
Tripartite Pact and the territories dominated
by them ;

(b) Measures to eliminate all other financial
and commercial activities prejudicial to the wel-
fare and security of the American Republics,
measures wliich shall have, among others, the
following purposes:

(i) To prevent, within the American Re-
publics, all commercial and financial transac-
tions inimical to the security of the Western
Hemisphere, which are entered into directly
or indirectly, by or for the benefit of the
members of the Tripartite Pact, the terri-
tories dominated by them, as well as the na-
tionals of any of them, whether real or juridi-
cal persons, it being undei-stood that real per-
sons may be excepted if they are resident
within an American Republic and on condi-
tion that they are controlled according to the
following paragraph ;

(ii) To supervise and control all commer-
cial and financial transactions within the
American Republics by nationals of the states
signatory to the Tripartite Pact, or of the
territories dominated by them, who are resi-
dent within the American Republics, and to
prevent all transactions of whatsoever nature
which are inimical to the security of the
Western Hemisphere.

Wlienever a govei-nment of an American Re-
public considers it desirable and in accordance
with its national interest and its own legisla-
tion, and especially if any of the aforesaid
measures, wlien applied to concrete cases, should
be prejudicial to its national economy, the prop-
erties, interests, and enterprises of sucli states
and nationals which exist within its jurisdic-
tion, may be placed in trust or subjected to per-
manent administrative intervention for pur-
poses of control ; moreover, such government of
an American Republic may resort to sales to its

FEBRUAKY 7, 194 2

125

nationals, provided that the proceeds thereof
be subject to the same control and to similar
regulations as those applicable to the funds of
the above-mentioned aliens.

2. That the Governments of the American
Republics adopt, severally or jointly, measures
to counteract any adverse effects upon their re-
spective economies which may result from the
application of this recommendation. Special
consideration should be given to measures to
avoid the problems of partial or total unem-
ployment which might arise in the American
countries as a result of the application of the
measures of control and restriction of the
activities of aliens.

Confeeen'ce To Standardize Procedure in
Banking Operations Relating to Nationals
OF Aggressor Countries

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of For-
eign Affairs of the American Republics

Recommends:

That the Inter-American Financial and Eco-
nomic Advisory Committee convoke, when it
believes it opportune, a conference of repre-
sentatives of the central banks or equivalent or
analogous institutions of the American Repub-
lics for the purpose of drafting standards of
procedure for the uniform handling of bank
credits, collections, contracts of lease and con-
signments of merchandise, involving real or
juridical persons who are nationals of a State
which has committed an act of aggression
against the American Continent.

VII

DEi-ELOPMENT OF COMMERCIAL INTERCHANGE

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of For-
eign Affairs of the American Republics

Recommends :

That the Governments of the American Re-
publics, as a means of promoting the develop-
ment of commercial interchange among them,
study the desirability of making an exception
in the commercial agreements which they con-

clude with nations outside the Western Hemi-
sphere of the treatment which they extend in
commercial and customs matters to all of the
other American Republics.

VIII

Inter-Ameeican Development Commission

Whereas:

1. The Second Meeting of the Ministers of
Foreign Affairs of the American Republics re-
affirmed Resolution XIII of the Inter- American
Financial and Economic Advisory Committee
by which the Inter-American Development
Commission was created, and made recommen-
dations for the promotion of the economic forces
of the American nations in accordance with the
program of the Inter-American Development
Commission ;

2. The Inter- American Development Commis-
sion, in order to carry out specific provisions of
said Resolution XIII, as well as the recom-
mendations of the Second Meeting of Foreign
Ministers, sent from Washington a mission to
the other twenty American Republics to estab-
lish national commissions affiliated with it;

3. The work accomplished during 1941 by the
Inter-American Development Commission in
creating an inter-American system of twenty-
one national commissions affiliated with it and
functioning with the collaboration of their re-
spective governments has been completely
satisfactory ;

4. The time has come to stimulate, intensify
and coordinate the work of such national com-
missions and of the Inter-American Develop-
ment Commission in Washington in order to
promote, or maintain, the economic forces of
the American nations, using for this purpose
to the fullest extent possible the advantages
offered by the existence of such system of inter-
American commissions,

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of For-
eign Affairs of the American Republics

Resolves:

1. To recommend that the Governments of the
American Republics continue to lend to the na-

126

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

tional commissions and to the Inter- American
Development Commission in Washington all the
assistance and support they may need to carry
out the objectives for which they were created.

2. To recommend that the Inter-American
Financial and Economic Advisory Committee
entrust, when deemed appropriate by the Com-
mittee, to the Commission such further matters
and problems as the Connnittee may wish to
have studied, surveyed or carried out for the
benefit of inter-American economic develop-
ment.

3. To instruct the Inter-American Financial
and Economic Advisory Committee to create,
under the auspices of the Inter- American De-
velopment Commission, a permanent body of
technical experts to study the natural resources
of each country when so requested by its gov-
ernment.

Development of Basic Production

Whereas:

1. The war situation has impelled certain
American nations to create, in special cases,
emergency industries which under normal cir-
cumstances would be considered as uneconomic
or prejudicial to the economic solidarity of the
Americas ; and

2. It is imperative that there be avoided, in
so far as is possible, the prejudicial effects on
the economies of the American Republics of
such action,

The Third IVIeeting of the Ministers of For-
eign Affairs of the American Republics

Resolves:

That the nations of the Americas stimulate
the development of the basic production of each
of them, avoiding in so far as possible the
establishment or expansion of production of
substitute or synthetic commodities which is
economically artificial and might displace the
consumption of natural products available in
other American nations, there being excepted
only those industries which are indispensable

for national defense provided that such defense
needs cannot be effectively met with natural
products.

Inter-American Bank

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of For-
eign Affairs of the American Republics

Recommends :

That the Governments of the American Re-
publics which have not already adhered to the
Convention for the Establishment of an Inter-
American Bank study the proposal in accord-
ance with their respective situations and make
their decision in the matter known, as soon as
possible, to the Inter-American Financial and
Economic Advisory Committee.

Investment of Capital in the American
Republics

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of For-
eign Affairs of the American Republics

Recommeixds:

That the Inter- American Financial and Eco-
nomic Advisory Committee take steps to en-
courage capital investments by any of the
American Republics in any one of the others,
requesting the various governments to adopt the
measures necessary to facilitate the flow and
protection of such investments within the
Continent.

XII

Inter-American Statistical Institute

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of For-
eign Affairs of the American Republics

1. To request the American Governments to
participate in and support the Inter-American
Statistical Institute of Washington in order to
establish, as soon as possible, a service for the
interchange of statistical information and
standards among the American nations ; and

FEBRUARY 7, 1942

127

2. To recommend to the Pan American Union
that it organize periodic meetings of representa-
tives of the national statistical services of the
American Republics for the coordination of
their work.

XIII

Utilization of Raw Materials

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of For-
eign Affairs of tlie American Republics

Declares:

1. That to raise the standard of living of the
people, the economic policy of the American
nations must be founded upon a broad and com-
plete utilization of their natural resources and
directed toward a greater industrialization of
those raw materials which present favorable and
permanent economic possibilities both as to pro-
duction and markets; and at the same time it
shall be the policy to seek to improve conti-
nental coordination through international
agreements.

2. That it is the desire of the Third Meeting
of the Ministers of Foreign Affairs that the
Inter-American Development Commission and
the respective National Commissions endeavor
to put into practice the economic policy re-
ferred to in this declaration.

XIV

COMMEKCIAL FACILITIES FOR THE IxLAND COUN-
TRIES OF THE Americas

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of For-
eign Affairs of the American Republics

Recommends:

That the American Republics study promptly
the possibility of concluding a multilateral con-
vention binding themselves not to claim., by vir-
tue of the most-favored-nation clause, conces-
sions and facilities which each of them may
grant or may have granted to the commerce of
the inland countries of the Americas in order to
eliminate or minimize the disadvantages inher-
ent in the geographical position of such
countries.

International Stabilization Fund
Whereas:

1. A more effective mobilization and utiliza-
tion of foreign exchange resources would be of
assistance in the struggle against aggression and
would contribute to the realization of the eco-
nomic objectives set forth at the First and Sec-
ond Meetings of the Ministers of Foreign Af-
fairs of the American Republics at Panama and
Habana; and

2. The American Republics which are com-
bined in a common effort to maintain their
political and economic indei^endence can
cooperate in the creation of an organization to
promote stability of foreign exchange rates, en-
courage the international movement of produc-
tive capital, facilitate the reduction of artificial
and discriminatory barriers to the movement
of goods, assist in the correction of the maldis-
tribution of gold, strengthen monetary systems,
and facilitate the maintenance of monetary
jjolicies that avoid serious inflation or deflation.

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of
Foreign Affairs of the American Republics

Recommends :

1. That the Governments of the American
Republics participate in a special conference of
Ministers of Finance or their representatives to
be called for the purpose of considering the
establishment of an international stabilization
fund;

2. That the conference in considering the es-
tablishment of such a fund shall formulate the
plan of organization, powers and resources nec-
essary to the proper functioning of the fund,
shall determine the conditions requisite to par-
ticipation in the fund, and shall propose
principles to guide the fund in its operation.

XVI

Economic Collaboration

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of
Foreign Affairs of the American Republics

128

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

Declares:

1. That since the best interests of the Conti-
nent require the proper utilization of the natu-
ral resources of each country, including those of
the subsoil, the American Republics should en-
deavor, within their own economic systems, to
develop such resources.

2. That in keeping with the spirit of solidar-
ity and collaboration inspired by the doctrine of
Pan Americanism, plans for cooperation should
be made through the Inter-American Develop-
ment Commission and its National Commis-
sions in order to facilitate the financing of such
development projects, with due regard to the
economic possibilities of each country.

XVII

SUB^-ERSrVE ACTn'ITIES

'Whereas :

1. Acts of aggression of the nature contem-
plated in Resolution XV adopted by the Second
Meeting of the Ministers of Foreign Affairs of
the American Republics at Habana have now
taken place against the integrity and inviolabil-
ity of the territory of an American Republic ;

2. Acts of aggression of a non-military char-
acter, including systematic espionage, sabotage,
and subversive propaganda are being com-
mitted on this Continent, inspired by and under
the direction of member states of the Tripartite
Pact and states subservient to them, and the
fate of numbers of the formerly free nations
of Europe has shown them to be both pre-
liminary to and an integral part of a program
of military aggression;

3. The American Republics are determined
to maintain their integrity and solidarity, in
the emergency created by aggression by non-
American States, and to give the fullest co-
operation in the establishment and enforce-
ment of extraordinary measures of continental
defense ;

4. The Second Meeting of the Ministers of
Foreign Affairs of the American Republics
recommended that the necessary steps be taken
to prevent the carrying on of such subversive
activities in the resolutions entitled:

"II. Norms Concerning Diplomatio and

Consular Functions".

"III. Coordination of Police and Judicial
^Ieasures for the Defense of Socdett
and Institutions of Each American
State".

"V. Precautionary Measures With Refer-
ence to the Issuance of Passports".

"VI. AcrmTiES Directed From Abroad
Against Domestic Institutions".

"VII. Diffusion of Doctrines Tending To
Pl.\ce in Jeopardy the Common Inter-
American Democratic Ideal or To
Threaten the Security and Neutral-
ity OF THE American Republics".

5. The gravitj' of the present emergency re-
quires that the American states, individually
and in concert, take additional and more strin-
gent measures to protect themselves against
groups and individuals that seek to weaken
their defenses from within,

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of
Foreign Affairs of the American Republics

Resolves :

1. To reaffirm the determination of the
American Republics to prevent individuals or
groups within their respective jurisdictions from
engaging in activities detrimental to the indi-
vidual or collective security and welfare of the
American Republics as expressed in Resolutions
II, III, V, VI, and VII of the Second Meeting
of the Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the
American Republics.

2. To recommend to the Governments of the
American Republics the adoption of similar
legislative measures tending to prevent or pun-
ish as crimes, acts against the democratic insti-
tutions of the States of the Continent in the
same manner as attempts against the integrity,
independence or sovereignty of any one of them ;
and that the Governments of the American Re-
publics maintain and expand their systems of
surveillance designed to prevent subversive ac-
tivities of nationals of non-American countries,
as individuals or groups of individuals, that
originate in or are directed from a foreign coun-

FEBRUARY 7, 194 2

try and are intended to interfere with or limit
the efforts of the American Republics individ-
ually or collectively to preserve their integrity
and independence, and the integrity and soli-
darity of the American Continent.

3. To recommend to the American Eepublics
that they adopt in conformance with their con-
stitutions and laws, regulatory provisions that
are, as far as possible, in keeping with the
memorandum which is attached to this Resolu-
tion for purposes of information.

4. To recommend, according to Resolution
VII of the Habana Meeting on the subject of
anti-democratic propaganda, that the Govern-
ments of the American Republics control, with-
in their respective national jurisdictions, the
existence of organizations directed or supported
by elements of non-American States which are
now or may in the future be at war with
American countries, whose activities are harm-
ful to American security ; and proceed to termi-
nate their existence if it is established that they
are centers of totalitarian propaganda.

5. That, to study and coordinate the measures
recommended in this Resolution, the Governing
Board of the Pan American Union shall elect,
prior to March 1, 1942, a committee of seven
members to be known as "The Emergency Ad-
visory Committee for Political Defense".

6. The Governing Board of the Pan American
Union, after consulting the Governments of
the American Republics, shall determine the
functions of this committee, prepare the regula-
tions which shall govern its activities, and fix
its budget of expenditures.

Attachment to Resolution XVTI

Memorandum on the Regulation of Subveesfve
Activities

It is recommended to the American Republics
that, as far as practicable in view of present
conditions and those which may be foreseen,
they take comprehensive regidatory measures,
that are not in conflict with their respective con-
stitutional provisions, and that these measures
include the following, it being recognized that
many of them are already in force:

129

(A) To control dangerous aliens by:

1. Requiring that all aliens register and
periodically report in person to the proper
authorities and exercising a strict supervision
over the activities and conduct of all nationals
of member states of the Tripartite Pact and
states subservient to them; communicating
immediately to other Am,erican Republics
information that may be obtained relative to
the presence of foreigners suspect with rela-
tion to the peace and security of such other
Republics ;

2. Establishing procedures whereby such
nationals of the aforesaid states as are deemed
dangerous to the country of their residence
shall during their stay therein remain in de-
tention or be restricted in their freedom of
movement ;

3. Preventing such nationals from possess-
ing, trading in or making use of aircraft, lire-
arms, explosives, radio transmitting instru-
ments, or other implements of warfare, propa-
ganda, espionage, or sabotage ;

4. Limiting internal travel and change of
residence of those aliens deemed dangerous
in so far as such travel may be incompatible
with national security;

5. Forbidding the participation by such na-
tionals in organizations controlled by or act-
ing in the interest of member states of the
Tripartite Pact or states subservient to them;

6. Protecting all aliens not deemed d anger-
ous from being deprived of adequate means
of livelihood, unfairly discriminated against,
or otherwise interfered with in the conduct
of their normal social and business activities.

(B) To prevent the abuse of citizenship by :

1. Exercising that redoubled vigilance
which the circumstances demand in the natu-
ralization of aliens, with particular reference
to denying citizenship to those who continue
in any way to retain allegiance to, or to recog-
nize citizenship in the member states of the
Tripartite Pact or states subservient to them ;

2. Causing the status of citizenship and the
inherent rights with respect thereto of those
citizens of non-American origin who have

130

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BtTLLETIN

been granted the privilege of becoming citi-
zens of an American state to be forfeited if,
by acts detrimental to the security or inde-
pendence of that state or otherwise, they dem-
onstrate allegiance to a member state of the
Tripartite Pact or any state subservient to
them, including the termination of the status
of citizenship of such persons recognizing
or attempting to exercise dual rights of citi-
zenship.

1. Exercising strict surveillance over all
persons seeking to enter or depart from the
country, particularly those persons engaged
in the interests of member states of the Tri-
partite Pact or subservient to them, or whose
point of departure or destination is such a
state, without prejudice, however, to the main-
tenance of the most liberal practices consistent
with local conditions for the granting of safe
refuge to those persons who. as victims of ag-
gression, are fleeing from oppression by for-
eign powers, and by cooperating fully in the
exchange of information on the transit of per-
sons from one state to another;

2. Strictly regulating and controlling the
entry and departure of all persons as to whom
there are well-founded and suflBcient grounds
to believe that they are engaged in political
activities as agents or in the interest of mem-
ber states of the Tripartite Pact or states
subservient to them ;

(D) To prevent acts of political aggi-ession
by:

1. Establishing penalties for acts designed
to obstruct the war or defense efforts of the
country concerned or its cooperation with
other American Republics in matters of
mutual defense;

2. Preventing the dissemination by any
agent or national of or by any political party
organized in any member state of the Tri-
partite Pact or any state subservient to them,
or by any other person or organization acting
at the behest or under the direction thereof.

of propaganda designed to imjDair the security
of any of the American Republics or the re-
lations between them, to create political or
social dissension, to intimidate the nationals
of any American Republic, or to influence the
policies of any American state ;

3. Requiring the registration with an ap-
propriate agency of Government of or other-
wise regulating any persons or organizations
seeking to act in any way on behalf of, or in
the political interest of, any non-American
state which is not engaged at war on the side
of an American Republic; or of a political
party thereof, including clubs, societies and
institutions, whether of a social, humanita-
rian, sporting, educational, technical or char-
itable nature, which are directed or supported
by nationals of any such states; requiring the
full and constant public disclosure to the peo-
ple of the country in which they are carried
on, of the identity and nature of all activities
of such pei-sons and organizations, and main-
taining constant surveillance of all such per-
sons and members of such organizations,
whether citizens or aliens;

4. Punishing acts of sabotage, injury to and
destruction of essential defense materials, fac-
tories, buildings, areas and utilities for manu-
facture and storage, public services, means
of transportation and communication, and
water front areas and facilities; punishing
acts of espionage and the collection and com-
munication of vital defense infoi'mation for
hostile purposes; and anticipating and fore-
stalling acts of sabotage and espionage by
measures to protect and safeguard vital docu-
ments, installations, and operations;

5. Supervising all communications to and
from states subservient to or in communica-
tion with member states of the Tripartite
Pact, in order to censor any information or
intelligence of use to any such state in the
execution of hostile designs against any of
the American Republics, or in activities oth-
erwise detrimental to the security of any or
all of the American Republics.

FEBRUARY 7, 1942

131

XVIII

Inter-Amekican Conference on Coordination
OF Police and Judicial Measures

Whereas:

1. The Second Meeting of the Ministers of
Foreign Affairs of the American Republics ap-
proved a resolution providing for the convoca-
tion, by the Governing Board of the Pan Amer-
ican Union, of the States members thereof, to
an international conference at such place and
date as it would determine, to draft interna-
tional conventions and recommendations deemed
necessary to assure, through the action of the
proper authorities in each State, and through
the coordination of such action with that of
other States in the Continent, the most com-
plete and effective defense against acts of an
unlawful character, as well as against any other
unlawful activities likely to affect the institu-
tions of American States. The resolution also
stated that each State would be represented at
the Conference by a jurist with plenipotentiary
powers accompanied, if deemed desirable, by
experts on police and judicial matters. It was
likewise resolved that prior to the Conference,
the Pan American Union would undertake the
preparatory work by means of an inquiry
among the Governments of the Continent, with
regard to existing legislation, as well as with
respect to their opinions on the various topics
which it might be thought advisable to consider ;

2. In accordance with this resolution, the
Governing Board of the Pan American Union,
aft«r consulting with the Government of the
Argentine Republic, decided that the Confer-
ence should be held in Buenos Aires in Septem-
ber 1942, the Governing Board having prepared
the agenda and the regulations of the Confer-
ence, which after being submitted to the consid-
eration of the respective Governments were
approved at the meeting of November 5, 1941.
Inquiries having been made of all the Govern-
ments of the Continent by the Pan American
Union, and several countries having replied,
the compiled material is available for use ; and

3. The unjustified aggression of which the

United States of America has been the victim
and the war which has followed as a conse-
quence, make it necessary to hold the projected
Conference because the measures for the coor-
dination of national defense against espionage,
sabotage, treason, sedition and other unlawful
or subversive activities, as well as inter-Amer-
ican cooperation for the coordination of the
systems adopted in each State for the identi-
fication and registration of persons and the
recording of data for the preparation of rules
and procedures concerning the communication
of judicial decisions and for the fulfillment of
requests for extradition, the presentation of
evidence and the expulsion of foreigners, in
accordance with the program approved by the
Pan American Union, require its immediate
execution.

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of For-
eign Affairs of the American Republics

Resolves :

1. That the Inter-American Conference on
the Coordination of Police and Judicial Meas-
ures shall convene in Buenos Aires next May,
the date for the opening of the Conference to
be determined by the Argentine Government
and the corresponding invitations to be sent
by it.

2. To recommend that the Conference study
the possibility of broadening the South Amer-
ican Police Convention, signed at Buenos Aires
on February 29, 1920, so that its provisions may
be applicable to all the countries of the Conti-
nent, and that it incorporate in this Convention
the establishment of an "Inter-American Reg-
istry of Police Records", which will permit
identification in the American Republics of
persons indicted or condemned for international
offenses and subversive activities directed
against the American Republics, individually
or collectively.

3. To request the Governments of the Amer-
ican Republics which have not yet answered
the questionnaire prepared by the Pan American
Union, to do so as soon as possible.

132

XIX

Coordination of the Systems of In\-estigation

Whereas :

1. Ten of the American Eepublics are pres-
ently at war as a result of the aggression per-
petrated by the Empire of Japan on December
7, 1941, against the United States of America
and consequently against all the American
States ;

2. The evidence establishes that for the de-
velopment of their activities against the safety
and integrity of the American Continent the
aggressors have resorted to methods of espio-
nage, sabotage and subversive incitement which
they have organized and coordinated through-
out the entire Western Hemisphere, the repres-
sion of which requires an equally effective coor-
dination on the part of the intelligence and in-
vestigation services of the American Republics,

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of
Foreign Affairs of the American Republics

Resolves:

That the Governments of the American Re-
publics shall coordinate their national intel-
ligence and investigation services, providing
adequate personnel for the inter-American
interchange of information, investigations and
suggestions for the prevention, repression, pun-
ishment and elimination of such activities as
espionage, sabotage and subversive incitement
vs-hich endanger the safety of the American
Nations.

Reiteration of a Principle of American Law

Whereas:

1. In accordance with its historical, racial,
political and juridical tradition, there is and
can be no room in America for the so-called
racial, linguistic or religious "minorities"; and

2. In accordance with this concept. Resolu-
tions XXVII and XXVIII, approved at the
Pan American Conference in Lima in 1938, con-
firm the principle that "residents who, accord-
ing to domestic law, are considered aliens,

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

cannot claim collectively the condition of
minorities; individually, however, they will
continue to enjoy the rights to which they are
entitled".

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of For-
eign Affairs of the American Republics

Declares:

That it reiterates the principle of American
Public Law, according to which aliens residing
in an American State are subject to the juris-
diction of that State, and the Governments and
agencies of the countries of wliich such aliens
are nationals cannot lawfully interfere, directly
or indirectly, in domestic affairs for the purpose
of controlling the status or activities of such
aliens.

XXI

Continental Solidaritt in Observance of
Treaties

Whereas:

1. The concept of solidarity, in addition to
embodying altruistic sentiments held in com-
mon, includes that of cooperation so necessary
to forestall obstacles which may prejudice the
maintenance of that principle, or the reestab-
lishment of harmony when weakened or dis-
rupted by the adoption of measures contrary
to the dictates of international law and
morality ;

2. This solidarity must be translated into facts
in order to become a living reality ; since from
a philosophical concept it has developed into
an historic affirmation through repeated and
frequent reaffirmations in international agree-
ments freely agreed upon ;

3. Respect for the pledged word in interna-
tional treaties rests upon incontestable juridical
principles as well as on precepts of morality
in accordance with the maxim of canon law:
Pacta sunt servanda;

4. Such agreements, whether bilateral or mul-
tilateral, must not be modified or nullified uni-
laterally, except as otherwise provided, as in
the case of "denunciation" clearly authorized by
the parties ;

FEBRUAEY 7, 1942

133

5. Only thus can peace, inspired by the com-
mon welfare of the peoples, be founded on an
enduring basis, as proclaimed at the Meeting
in Habana ; and

6. All peaceful relations among peoples would
be practically impossible in the absence of strict
observance of all pacts solemnly celebrated
which have met all the formalities provided
for in the laws of the High Contracting Parties
in order to render them juridically effective.

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of For-
eign Affairs of the American Republics

Declares:

1. That should the Government of an Ameri-
can nation violate an agreement or a treaty
duly perfected by two or m,ore American Re-
publics or should there be reason to believe that
a violation which might disturb the peace or
solidarity of the Americas is being contem-
plated, any American State may initiate the
consultation contemplated in Resolution XVII
of Habana with the object of agreeing upon the
measures to be taken.

2. That the Government desiring to initiate
the consultation and propose a Meeting of the
Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the American
Republics, or their representatives, shall com-
municate with the Governing Board of the Pan
American Union specifying in detail the sub-
jects to be considered as well as the approximate
date on which the meeting should take place.

XXII

The Good Neighbor Policy

Whereas :

1. Relations among nations, if they are to
have foundations which will assure an inter-
national order under law, must be based on
the essential and universal principle of justice;

2. The standard proclaimed and observed by
the United States of America to the effect that
its international policy must be founded on that
of the "good neighbor" is a general criterion
of right and a source of guidance in the rela-
tions between States; and this well-conceived

policy prescribes respect for the fundamental
rights of States as well as cooperation between
them for the welfare of international society;
and

3. This policy has been one of the elements
contributing to the present solidarity of the
Americas and their joint cooperation in the
solution of outstanding problems of the
Continent,

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of For-
eign Affairs of the American Republics

Decla/res :

That the principle that international conduct
must be inspired by the policy of the good
neighbor is a norm of international law of the
American Continent.

XXIII

Condemnation of Inter- Amebican Conflicts

Whereas:

1. A state of war exists between the United
States of America and the Axis Powers ;

2. The other American Republics, in con-
formity with inter-American agreements, have
declared themselves to be in solidarity with the
United States of America; and

3. This consequently implies that all the
countries of the Hemisphere should closely
unite for the defense of the Continent, which
is the defense of each and all the American
Republics,

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of For-
eign Affairs of the American Republics

Resolves:

To appeal to the spirit of conciliation of the
various Governments to settle their conflicts
by recourse to the inter- American peace agree-
ments formulated during the course of the re-
cent Pan American conferences, or to any other
juridical machinery, and to recognize the mer-
itorious work of the countries which have lent
and are lending their collaboration with a view
to reaching a pacific solution of the differences
existing between American countries and to urge

134

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

them to continue intensifying their efforts in
favor of the noble cause of continental harmony
and solidarity.

XXIV

Condemnation of Japanese Aggression

Whereas:

1. On December 7, 1941, the armed forces of
Japan attacked, without previous warning or
without a declaration of war, certain posses-
sions of the United States of America in the
Pacific Ocean;

2. These unforeseen and hostile acts were per-
petrated by Japan while diplomatic conversa-
tions were in progress between the two States
looking toward the pacific solution of their
international differences ;

3. The aforementioned nature and circmu-
stances of these acts characterizes them as armed
aggression in flagrant violation of all the stand-
ards of international law which proscribe and
condemn the use of force in the solution of in-
ternational controversies, and particularly those
of American international law;

4. Several instruments signed by the Amer-
ican Republics at recent international confer-
ences and meetings impose the unlimited duty
of solidarity upon the signatory Governments
for the defense of their sovereignty, independ-
ence, and territorial integrity ; and

6. Resolution XV on Reciprocal Assistance
and Cooperation for the Defense of the Nations
of the Americas, signed at the Second Meeting
of the Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the Amer-
ican Republics, held at Habana, established the
principle "That any attempt on the part of a
non-American State against the integrity or in-
violability of the territory, the sovereignty, or
the political independence of an American Slate
shall be considered as an act of aggression
against the States which sign this declaration",

The Third IMeeting of the Ministers of
Foreign Affairs of the American Republics

Resolves:

1. To make it of record that Japan by perpe-
trating armed aggression against the United

States of America has violated the fundamental
principles and standards of international law.

2. To condemn such aggression and protest
against it to the civilized world and extend this
condemnation and protest to the powers which
have associated themselves with Japan.

XXV

Post- War Problems

'Whereas :

1. World peace must be based on the prin-
ciples of respect for law, of justice and of
cooperation which inspire the Nations of Amer-
ica and which have been expressed at Inter-
American Meetings Iield from 1889 to date;

2. A new order of peace must be supported
by economic pi'inciples which will insure equi-
table and lasting international trade with equal
opportunities for all Nations;

3. Collective security must be founded not
only on political institutions but also on just,
effective, and liberal economic systems;

4. Jt is indispensable to undertake the
innnediate study of the bases for this new
economic and political order; and

5. It is an imperative necessity for the
countries of America to increase their produc-
tive capacity; to secure, from their interna-
tional trade, returns which will permit them
adequately to remunerate labor and improve
the standard of living of workers; to protect
and preserve the health of their peoples and
develop their civilization and culture.

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of
Foreign Affairs of the American Republics

Resolves:

1. To request the Governing Board of the
Pan American Union to convoke an Inter-
American Technical Economic Conference
charged with the study of present and post-war
economic problems.

2. To entrust the Inter-American Juridical
Committee with the formulation of specific
recommendations relative to the international ■
organization in the juridical and political fl
fields, and in the field of international security.

FEBRUARY 7, 194 2

135

3. To entrust the Inter- American Financial
and Economic Advisory Committee with a
similar function in the economic field, to make
the necessary preparations for the Inter-
American Technical Economic Conference,
referred to in the first paragraph of this
Resolution.

4. To request the Pan American Union to
appoint an Executive Committee to receive
such projects as the American nations may
present, and to submit said projects, respec-
tively, to the Inter- American Juridical Com-
mittee and to the Inter-American Financial and
Economic Advisory Committee.

5. To request the Pan American Union to di-
rect this Executive Committee to submit the
recommendations of the Inter- American Juridi-
cal Committee to the Governments of the Ameri-
can Republics so that the conclusions reached
may be adopted at a subsequent Meeting of
Ministers of Foreign Affairs.

6. To request the Pan American Union to de-
termine, in agreement with the Governments of
the American Republics, the date and place of
meeting of the Inter- American Technical Eco-
nomic Conference, referred to in the first
paragraph of this Resolution.

XXVI

Intek-Ameeican Jukidical Committee
Wkei'eas:

1. In the General Declaration of Neutrality
of the American Rejjublics, signed in Panama,
the Inter-American Neutrality Committee was
created for the purpose of studying and formu-
lating recommendations with respect to the
problems of neutrality; and

2. The profound alteration in the interna-
tional situation in America demands a sub-
stantial expansion of the scope of said
Committee,

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of
Foreign Affairs of the American Republics

Resolves:

1. To pay tribut* and to congratulate His
Excellency Afranio de Mello Franco, Chairman

of the Inter-American Neutrality Committee
and its members: Their Excellencies Luis A.
Podesta Costa, Mariano Fontecilla, A. Aguilar
Machado, Charles G. Fenwick, Gustavo Her-
rera, Roberto Cordoba, Manuel Francisco
Jimenez Ortiz, Salvador Martinez Mercado,
Eduardo Labougle, Carlos Eduardo Stolk and
Fernando Lagarde y Vigil, who have been mem-
bers or are at present members of this Commit-
tee, for the valuable services they have rendered
to the American Republics and in the develop-
ment of international law.

2. That the Inter-American Neutrality Com-
mittee at present existing will continue to func-
tion in its present form under the name of
"Inter-American Juridical Committee", will
have its seat at Rio de Janeiro and may meet
temporarily, if it deems it necessary, in other
American capitals.

3. That the members of the Inter-American
Juridical Committee will be the jurists espe-
cially appointed by their respective Govern-
ments, and that they will have no other duties
than those pertaining to the Committee.

4. The Inter-Am.erican Juridical Committee,
in exceptional cases, may have recourse to the
services of technical experts which it considers
indispensable for the most efficient performance
of its duties, and the salaries of these experts
will be met by the American States through the
intermediary of the Pan American Union.

5. The Committee may also invite American
jurists, whom they consider to be specialists on
specific subjects, to take part in their delibera-
tions on special juridical matters.

6. The Committee will have as its object :

(a) To study, in accordance with experi-
ence and the development of events, the juridi-
cal problems created for the American Re-
publics by the world war and those which are
submitted to it in accordance with the reso-
lutions approved at the Meetings of the
Ministers of Foreign Affairs or at the Inter-
national Conferences of American States;

(b) To continue the studies on the subject
of contraband of war and on the project of
a code relative to the principles and rules
of neutrality ;

136

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETm

(c) To report on possible claims arising
from the requisition or use of immobilized
merchant vessels or those under the flag of
a non-American enemy, or belonging to states
whose territories are occupied by a non-
American enemy ; as well as on possible claims
by any American Republic against a non-
American enemy state for unlawful acts com-
mitted to the detriment of such Republic, its
nationals or their property ;

(d) To develop and coordinate the work of
codifying international law, without preju-
dice to the duties entrusted to other existing
organizations ;

(e) To formulate recommendations with
regard to the manner of solving the problems
mentioned under sub-paragraph (a), trans-
mitting the same to the Governments through
the Pan American Union, or directly when
it considers it necessary, on condition that the
Union be duly informed.

XXVII

Coordination of the Resolutions of the
Meetings of the Ministers of Foreign
Affairs of the American Republics

Whereas :

In view of the continual changes which
characterize the present period of emergency,
it is necessary to coordinate the resolutions,
declarations and other acts of the Meetings
of the Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the
American Republics, by incorporating the
changes which circumstances require,

The Tliird Meeting of the Ministers of For-
eign Affairs of the American Republics

Resolves :

1. To recommend to the Governing Board of
the Pan American Union that the agenda of
future Meetings of the Ministers of Foreign
Affairs of the American Republics shall always
include the following topic :

"Coordination of the resolutions, declara-
tions and other acts of previous Meetings of
the Ministers of Foreign Affairs".

2. To recommend to the Inter-American
Juridical Committee the study and coordina-
tion referred to in the preceding paragraph,
entrusting it to transmit its conclusions to the
i\Ieetings of the Ministers of Foreign Affairs
through the Pan American Union.

xxvrn

Affirmation or the Traditional Theory of
Law

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of For-
eign Affairs of the American Republics

Agrees :

To refer to the Inter-American Juridical
Committee the project of the Delegation of
Bolivia entitled "Affirmation of the traditional
theory of law in face of a deliberate disregard
of international justice and morality."

XXIX

Red Cross
"Whereas:

1. The continuation and extension of hostili-
ties have brought, and will continue to bring,
great distress to millions of civilians as a result
of invasion, indiscriminate bombing from the
air, and other ravages of war;

2. The voluntary organizations functioning
under the Convention of Geneva can cooperate
in the treatment of the sick and wounded of
the military forces;

3. The threat of hostilities in the Western
Hemisphere requires preparation and training
in first aid, nursing, disaster relief, and related
activities;

4. These needs and opportunities for service
domestically and internationally can best be
met by taking advantage of the humanitarian
services of strong Red Cross Societies;

6. It is desirable to take advantage of the
valuable services which Red Cross Societies may
render as consultative and cooperative agencies
in social welfare problems ;

6. The Second Meeting of Ministers of For-
eign Affairs of the American Republics held
at Habana declared that it was desirable to

FEBRUARY 7, 1942

137

organize an Inter-American League of National
Red Cross Societies and this organization has
not yet been created;

7. In the present circumstances the existence
of such a League is now even more necessary,
and its work should be extended to the civilians
of the American Republics suffering from the
consequences of the present war ;

8. The important part which women have
played in the noble work of the Red Cross
deserves express recognition of their special
position with reference to these services.

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of For-
eign Affairs of the American Republics

Resolves:

To recommend to the Governments of the
American Republics:

1. That they lend all possible support toward
the greatest development and strengthening of
their respective Red Cross Societies.

2. That they study the desirability of using
these Societies as consultative agencies.

3. That they consult among themselves as
soon as possible with regard to the available
m.eans for putting into effect Recommendation
IV approved at the Habana Meeting.

4. That, when they deem it desirable, they
consider whether the sei-vices rendered by
women to the Red Cross in times of peace or
war can be given equal weight within the frame-
work of their respective domestic legislation to
those of a military nature rendered by men.

XXX

Improvement of Health and Sanftakt
Conditions

Whereas :

1. The American Republics are now under-
taking measures for the development of certain
common objectives and plans which will con-
tribute to the reconstruction of world order;

2. The American Republics are now under-
taking measures seeking to conserve and de-
velop their resources of critical and strategic
materials, to maintain their domestic economies
and eliminate economic activities prejudicial

to the welfare and security of the American
Republics;

3. The defense of the Western Hemisphere
requires the mobilization of the vital forces,
human and material, of the American Re-
publics; and

4. Adequate health and sanitary measures
constitute an essential contribution in safe-
guarding the defensive powers and the ability
to resist aggression of the peoples of the
American Republics,

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of
Foreign Affairs of the American Republics

Resolves:

1. To recommend that the Governments of
the American Republics take individually, or
by complementary agreements between two or
more of them, appropriate steps to deal with
problems of public health and sanitation, by
providing, in accordance with ability, raw ma-
terials, services and funds.

2. To recommend that to these ends there
be utilized the technical aid and advice of the
national health service of each country in co-
operation with the Pan American Sanitary
Bureau.

XXXI

Civil and Commercial Avlvtion

Whereas:

1. The American Republics by mutual under-
standing have agreed to unite in a common
effort to resist the attempts of any foreign
power through force or subversion to destroy
their individual or collective freedom;

2. The peaceful pursuit of such a course is
presently threatened by the non-American
countries at war with American Republics
whose resort to subversive methods and force
is inimical to our common integrity; and

3. It has been amply demonstrated that the
operation or use of aircraft in the American
Republics by nationals of non-American coun-
tries at war with American Republics and the
use of airfields and aviation facilities in these
Republics by such nationals constitute a serious
threat to hemispheric defense,

138

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of
Foreign Affairs of the American Republics

Resolves :

To recommend to each American Republic
that in harmony with its national laws, immedi-
ate steps be taken to restrict the operation or
use of civil or commercial aircraft and the
use of aviation facilities to bona fide citizens
and enterprises of the American Republics or
to citizens or enterprises of such other coun-
tries as have shown themselves, in the judgment
of the respective Governments, to be in full
sympathy with the principles of the Declara-
tion of Lima.

XXXII

Penal Colonies of NoN-AirEEiCAN Nations on
American Terbitort

Whereas:

1. Certain non-American States reserve cer-
tain territoiies in the American Continent for
the establishment of penal colonies;

2. The use of American territories for penal
colonies of non-American States infringes on
the fundamental principles of the Pan American
ideal,

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of
Foreign Affairs of the American Republics

Resolves:

To request the Governing Board of the Pan
American Union to approach those States which
ix)ssess territories in America used as penal
colonies in order to eliminate the future use of
such American territories for this purpose.

XXXIII

HtlMANIZATION OF War

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of
Foreign Affairs of the American Republics

Resolves:

To reaffirm the principles contained in Reso-
lution VT of Panama, on humanization of war,
and in Resolution X of that Meeting on the
maintenance of international activities in ac-

cordance with Christian morality; and con-
demns the practice of holding prisoners as
hostages and taking reprisals on them as con-
trary to the principles of law and the humani-
tarian sentiments which states must observe
during the course of hostilities.

XXXIV

Regulations of the Meetings of the Ministers
OF Foreign Affairs of the American
Repitblics

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of For-
eign Affairs of the American Republics

Resolves:

1. To recommend to the Governing Board
of the Pan American Union to revise articles 5
and 6 of the Regulations of Meetings of the
Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the American
Republics to read as follows :

^'■Aiiicle S. The members of such meetings
shall be the Ministers of Foreign Affairs of
the American Republics or the representative
which each Government may designate as a sub-
stitute, who shall meet in accordance with the
international agreements of the Conferences of
Buenos Aires and Lima.

"These members shall be invested with due
powers by means of credentials issued by their
Governments or by official communications of
their Ministries of Foreign Affairs to the
country in which the meeting is held.

"Article 6. The delegates and technical ad-
visers who may accompany the Ministers of
Foreign Affairs or the representatives of the
Governments m^y attend, with the Ministers or
their representatives, the plenary or committee
sessions of the Meeting but they shall not have
the right to vote."

Should it be impossible for a Minister of
Foreign Affairs or the representative of a Gov-
crimient to attend a particular session, either
of a committee or a plenary session, that Min-
ister or representative may designate a member
of his delegation to substitute for him. In such
case the one so designated shall have the right
to voice and vote in the name of his Govern-

FEBRUARY 7, 1942

139

ment. Notification of such appointment shall
be conim,unicated in advance to the Secretary
General of the Meeting.

2. To recommend to the Governing Board
that the text of the regulations be altered as
necessary to conform with the two articles
hereby proposed.

XXXV

Support and Adherence to the Principles of
THE "Atlantic Charter"

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of For-
eign Affairs of the American Kepublics

Resolves :

To take note of the contents of the "Atlantic
Charter" and to express to the President of the
United States of America its satisfaction with
the inclusion in that document of principles
which constitute a part of the juridical heritage
of America in accordance with the Convention
on Rights and Duties of States approved at the
Seventh International Conference of American
States, held at Montevideo in 1933.

XXXVI

Interests or Non-American Countries

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of For-
eign Affairs of the American Republics

Recommends :

That no American State shall authorize an-
other American State to assume before its Gov-
ernment the representation of the interests of
a non-American State with which it has no dip-
lomatic relations or which is at war with na-
tions of this Hemisphere.

XXXVII

Treatment of Non-Belligerents

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of For-
eign Affairs of the American Republics

Resolves:

1. That in conformity with the principles of
American solidarity, the Republics of this Con-

tinent shall not consider as a belligerent any
American State which is now at war or may
become involved in a state of war with another
non-American State.

2. To recommend that special facilities be
granted to those countries which, in the opinion
of each Government, contribute to the defense
of the interests of this Hemisphere during this
emergency.

XXXVIII

RELiiTioNS With the Governments of Occupied
Countries

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of For-
eign Affairs of the American Republics

Recommends :

That the Governments of the American Re-
publics continue their relations with the Gov-
ernments of those occupied countries which are
fighting for their national sovereignty and are
not collaborating with the aggressors, and ex-
press the fervent hope that they may recover
their sovereignty and independence.

XXXIX

Inter-American Defense Board
Whereas:

1. In accordance with the action taken at
the Conference for the Maintenance of Peace
and in conformity with the Declaration of
Lima, a system of coordination exists between
the American Republics which fortmiately re-
sponds to the spirit of sincere collaboration
animating the peoples of our Continent; and

2. This system, the results of which have
heretofore been satisfactory, is, from every
point of view, the most effective means on the
part of the Western Hemisphere for meeting
the present grave emergency in a coordinated
and solidary manner.

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of For-
eign Affairs of the American Republics

Recom/mends :

The immediate meeting in Washington of
a commission composed of military and naval

140

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

technicians appointed by each of the Govern-
ments to study and to recommend to them the
measures necessary for the defense of tlie
Continent.

Telecommunications

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of For-
eign Affairs of the American Republics

Resolves :

1. To recommend that each American Repub-
lic adopt the necessary and immediate measures
to close all radiotelephone and radiotelegraph
communication between the American Repub-
lics and the aggressor States and all territories
subservient to them, except in so far as official
communications of the American Goverimients
are concerned.

2. To I'ecommend the establishment and
maintenance, through a system of licenses, or
other adequate means, of an effective control
of the transmission and reception of messages
whatever might be the telecommunication sys-
tem used; and that telecommunications which
might endanger the security of each American
State and of the Continent in general be
prohibited.

3. To recommend the adoption of immediate
measures to eliminate clandestine telecommu-
nication stations and that bilateral or multi-
lateral agreements be concluded by the inter-
ested Governments to facilitate the fulfillment
of the technical requirements of this Resolution.

XLI

Vote of Thanks

The Third Meeting of the Ministers of
Foreign Affairs of the American Republics
Resolves:

1. To express to His Excellency the Presi-
dent of Brazil, Dr. Getulio Vargas, its gratitude
for the generous hospitality of the Government
and the people of Brazil, and for all the cour-
tesies extended to the delegations which have
participated in this Meeting.

2. To extend its most cordial congratulations
to His Excellency the Minister of Foreign Af-
fairs of Brazil, Dr. Oswaldo Aranha, for the
capable manner in which he has directed the
deliberations of the Meeting.

3. To record its gratitude to the Secretary
General, His Excellency, Dr. Jose de Paula
Rodrigues Alves, for the efficient manner in
which he and his assistants have performed the
work of the Secretariat of the Meeting.

In witness whereof, The Ministers of For-
eign Affairs of the American Republics or
their personal representatives sign and seal the
present Final Act.

Done in the city of Rio de Janeiro, this 28th
day of January, 1942, in the English. French,
Portuguese and Spanish languages. The Secre-
tary General shall deposit the original of the
Final Act in the archives of the Pan American
Union through the intermediary of the Min-
istry of Foreign Affairs of Brazil, and shall
send certified copies thereof to the Governments
of the American Republics.

Reservations :
reservation of the delegation of the argentine

REPUBUC :

1. As to Resolution V on the Severance of
Commercial and Financial Relations:

"The Argentine Delegation requests that it
be recorded in the minutes, as well as at the
end of this draft resolution, that the Argentina
Republic agrees with the necessity of adopting
economic and financial control measures with
regard to all foreign and domestic activities of
firms or enterprises which may, in one way or
another, affect the welfare of the republics of
America or the solidarity or defense of the
Continent. It has adopted and is prepared to
adopt further measures in this respect, in ac-
cordance with the present resolution, extending
them, however, to firms or enterprises managed
or controlled by aliens or from foreign bellig-
erent countries not in the American Continent".

FEBRUARY

1942

141

KESEKVATION OF THE DELEGATION OF CHILE:

2. "The Minister of Foreign Affairs of Chile
gives his approval to these agreements insofar
as they do not conflict with the provisions of
the Political Constitution of Chile, declaring
further that such agreements will only be valid,
with respect to his country, when approved by
the National Congress and ratified by its
constitutional agencies."

RESERVATION OF THE DELEGATION OF THE UNITED
STATES OF AMERICA :

3. As to Resolutions VII and XIV on the
Development of Commercial Interchange and
Commercial Facilities for the Inland Coun-
tries of America :

"The Government of the United States of
America desires to have recorded in the Final
Act its reservation to Resolution VII (Develop-
ment of Commercial Interchange) and Reso-
lution XIV (Commercial Facilities for the
Inland Countries of the Americas), since the
terms of these Resolutions are inconsistent
with the traditional i^olicy of liberal principles
of international trade maintained by the United
States of America and as enunciated and re-
affirmed at the recent International Confer-
ences of American States and the First and
Second Meetings of the Ministers of Foreign
Affairs of the American Republics".

RESERVATION OF THE DELEGATION OF GUATEMALA :

4. The Representative of the Secretary of
Foreign Affairs of Guatemala agrees fully to
the adherence and support of the principles of
the Atlantic Charter; and, in so far as these
IJrinciples may affect the rights of Guatemala
to Belize, it makes an express declaration and
reservation in the same terms as the reserva-
tion made by Guatemala at the First Meeting
of the Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the
American Republics, held at Panama, which
it maintains in its entirety while bearing in
mind the resolutions and Convention on this
question approved at the Second Meeting of
the Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the Amer-
ican Republics held at Havana.

RESERVATION OF THE DELEGATION OF THE
REPUBLIC OF PERU:

5. As to Resolution XXI on Continental
Solidarity in Observance of Treaties:

"The project voted upon does not refer to
the defense of the American Hemisphere
against dangers from without the continent
and, consequently, it is outside the agenda of
this Meeting, the regulations for which, ap-
proved by all the Governments, require the
unanimous consent of the Ministers of Foreign
Affairs of the American Republics.

"In any case, the project voted upon cannot
be applied to incidents occurring in connection
with conflicts or differences which the inter-
ested parties have submitted to a special juris-
diction for settlement or solution."

RESERVATION OF THE DELEGATION OF THE
REPUBLIC OF PERU:

6. As to Resolution XXVI on the Inter-
American Juridical Committee :

"Peru votes in favor of this project with
the reservation that, in accordance with the
express purpose of this meeting, the enemy
State referred to in paragraph 'c' must be a
non-American State.

"Furthermore, it places on record the fact
that the Third Meeting of the Ministers of
Foreign Affairs gave it this true interpreta-
tion."

EXCHANGE OF OFFICIAL REPRESENTA-
TIVES OF COUNTRIES AT WAR

[Released to the press February 2]

The Department of State announces that the
arrangements for the exchange of the official
representatives of the United States for those
of the governments with which we are at war
have proceeded to the point where an agreement
has been reached in principle and in many
details.

The American representatives from Bulgaria
have left that country. The American repre-

142

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETrN

seiitatives in Hungary and Rumania have been
allowed to depart and are now in Portugal wait-
ing to be exclianged from that point.

American representatives in Germany are all
in Bad Nauheim, and the American representa-
tives in Italy are all in Rome, awaiting transfer.
Conversely, the German and Italian representa-
tives are at White Sulphur Springs, W. Va.,
along with the representatives of Hungary,
Rumania, and Bulgaria.

The Japanese representatives in the United
States are in Hot Springs, Va. The American
representatives in Japan, China, and occupied
territories have not been assembled in any one
place. They are understood to be well and to
be receiving sufficient food and adequate accom-
modations.

Various important details remain to be agreed
upon, and negotiations are being pushed as rap-
idly as possible under the circumstances. These
circumstances include indirect communication
with the governments concerned through the
intermediation of different protecting powers,
delays in transmission of messages, translations
into and out of various languages, and limita-
tions which are placed upon the rapid conclusion
of negotiations by wartime conditions.

Lisbon has been agreed upon as the point of
exchange for the representatives of European

powers. Axis representatives will be trans-
ported to Lisbon by a United States vessel which
will return with our own representatives. The
vessel will travel both ways under a safe conduct
of all belligerents. Portugal has been asked by
the various powers to guarantee the exchange.

The exchange with the Japanese will take
place at Lourengo Marques in Portuguese East
Africa. The Portuguese Government is being
asked to guarantee the exchange there. The rep-
resentatives of Japan will be carried to Lou-
ren(;o Marques on an American vessel, and the
United States representatives will be brought
from there to the United States on that vessel
and will be transported to that point by Japan.
Both vessels will travel under a safe conduct by
all belligerents.

Contemporaneously the representatives of the
enemy governments who were stationed in the
American republics may be assembled in the
United States and exchanged at the same time
for the representatives in the Axis countries of
the Central and South American republics
which have declared war against or broken re-
lations with those countries. Some of the Axis
representatives have arrived in the United
States and are assembled with their colleagues
at Wliite Sulphur Springs or Hot Springs.
Others are expected to arrive.

FINANCIAL AID TO CHINA

[Released to the press by the White House February 7]

The text of a message sent by the President
to General Chiang Kai-Shek, President of the
Executive Yuan and Chairman of the Military
Affairs Committee, Chungking, China, follows :

"It is a source of great gratification to me
and to the Government and people of the United
States that the proposal which I made to the
Congress that there be authorized for the pur-
pose of rendering financial aid to China in the
sum of $500,000,000 was passed unanimously by

both the Senate and the House of Representa-
tives and has now become law.

"The unusual speed and unanimity with
which this measure was acted upon by the Con-
gress and the enthusiastic support which it re-
ceived tlu'oughout the United States testify to
the wholehearted respect and admiration which
the Government and people of this country have
for China. They testify also to our earnest de-
sire and determination to be concretely helpful
to our partners in the great battle for freedom.

FEBRUARY 7, 1942

143

The gallant resistance of the Cliinese armies
against the ruthless invaders of your country
has called forth the highest praise from the
American and all other freedom loving peoples.
The tenacity of the Chinese people, both armed
and unarmed, in the face of tremendous odds
in carrying on for almost five years a resolute
defense against an enemy far superior in equip-
ment is an inspiration to the fighting men and
all the peoples of the other United Nations. The
great sacrifices of the Chinese people in destroy-
ing the fruits of their toil so that they could not
be used by the predatory armies of Japan exem-
plify in high degree the spirit of sacrifice which
is necessary on the part of all to gain the victory
toward which, we are confidently striving. It is
my hope and belief that use which will be made
of the funds now authorized by the Congress
of the United States will contribute substan-
tially toward facilitating the efforts of the Chi-
nese Government and people to meet the eco-
nomic and financial burdens which have been
thrust upon them by an armed invasion and
toward solution of problems of production and
procurement which are essential for the success
of their armed resistance to what are now our
common enemies.

"I send you my personal greetings and best
wishes. I extend to you across land and sea the
hand of comradeship for the common good, the
common goal, the common victory that shall be
ours."

AMERICAN OFFICIALS AND NATIONALS
IN THE FAR EAST

[Released to the press February 4]

According to the French authorities, the
American, British, and Dutch consular repre-
sentatives in Shanghai, together with their
families, have been moved to the Cathay Man-
sions in the French Concession of Shanghai.
They number about 130 persons and occupy four
floors of this apartment hotel. They are to be
free to move about in accordance with restric-
tions to be imposed by the French and Japanese
police.

[Released to the press February 2]

According to the Swiss Consul in Bangkok,
he has seen the 36 American men, 24 women, and
15 children under 19 years of age, who are under
surveillance in that city, and they are all well.

DECLARATIONS OF WAR BY BELLIGERENT COUNTRIES

[Released to the press February 7]

The following tabulation is supplementary to the list of declarations of war printed in the
Bulletin of December 20, 1941, pages 551-561:

Nicaragua and Bulgaria, Hungary,
and Rumania.

Belgium and Japan, Gennany, and
Italy.

"I have been officially informed
this morning (December 20, 1941]
that Nicaragua has declared war on
Rumania, Hungary, Bulgaria."

"... the Belgian Government
. . . has proclaimed that a state
of war exists between Belgium and
Japan, as it already exists with Ger-
many and Italy."

Telegram of December 20, 1941,
from the American Minister at
Managua. (Files of the Department
of State.)

Note of December 20, 1941, from
the Belgian Ambassador at Washing-
ton to the Secretary of State. (Files
of the Department of State.)

144

DEPARTTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

Haiti and Bulgaria, Hungary, and
Rumania.

Great Britain and Bulgaria.

Netherlands and Italy.

Union of South Africa and Bulgaria.

Yugoslavia and Japan.

Thailand, and Great Britain and
United States.

". . . the Republic of Haiti has
declared war on Hungary, Bulgaria
and Rumania this morning [Decem-
ber 24, 1941] at 11:30."

". . . state of war exists with
Bulgaria as from the 13th December
1941."

"Acting upon instructions received
from the Netherlands Minister for
Foreign Affairs, I have the honor to
inform you that . . . the Nether-
lands Government considers herself
at war with Italy as per December
11, 1941."

"On instructions from my Gov-
ernment I have the honour to inform
you that, as from 13th December,
1941, a state of war exists between
the Union of South Africa and
Bulgaria, ..."

"I have been instructed by my
Government to inform Your Excel-
lency that the Royal Yugoslav Gov-
ernment has decided the following
on January 13, 1942:

" 'The Kingdom of Yugoslavia
breaks all her relations with Japan
and proclaims that she is in a state
of war with that power from Decem-
ber 7, 1941, when Japan has attacked
the United States of America and
Great Britain.' "

"Ministry [of] Foreign Affairs [of
Thailand] notified Consulate by
letter twenty-fifth January 'by royal
command a declaration of war on
Great Britain and the United States
of America has been made as from
noon of Twenty-fifth January 2485
B E.' "

Note of December 24, 1941, from
the Minister of Foreign Affairs of
Haiti to the .\merican Minister at
Port-au-Prince. (Files of the De-
partment of State.)

British Foreign Office circular note
of December 27, 1941, as quoted in
part in a telegram of December 29
from the .American Embassy at
London to the Secretary of State.
(Files of the Department of State.)

Note of December 30, 1941, from
the Minister of the Netherlands at
Washington to the Secretary of State.
(Files of the Department of State.)

Note of December 31, 1941, from
the Minister of the Union of South
Africa at Washington to the Secre-
tary of State. (Files of the Depart-
ment of State.)

Note of January 19, 1942, from the
Minister of Yugoslavia at Washing-
ton to the Secretary of State. (Files
of the Department of State.)

Telegram from the Swiss Consul at
Bangkok, as quoted in a Swiss For-
eign Office note of January 31, 1942,
to the American Legation at Bern
and reported in a telegram of Feb-
ruary 2, 1942 from the Legation to
the Department. (Files of the De-
partment of State.)

The following items supersede certain of the entries in the list of declarations of war printed
in the Bulletin of December 20, 1941, pages 551-561 :

FEBRUARY 7, 1942

145

New Zealand and Finland.

New Zealand and Hungary.

New Zealand and Rumania-

El Salvador, and Germany and
Italy.

"His Excellency the Governor
General has it in command from His
Majesty the King to declare that a
state of war exists between His
Majesty and the Government of the
Republic of Finland, and that such
state of war has existed from one
minute past noon, New Zealand
summer time, on the 7th day of
December, 1941."

"His Excellency the Governor-
General has it in command from His
Majesty the King to declare that a
state of war exists between His
Majesty and the Regent and Gov-
ernment of Hungary, and that such
state of war has existed from one
minute past noon. New Zealand
summer time, on the 7th day of
December, 1941."

"His Excellency the Governor-
General has it in command from His
Majesty the King to declare that a
state of war exists between His
Majesty and the King of Roumania,
and that such state of war has
existed from one minute past noon.
New Zealand summer time, on the
7th day of December, 1941."

". . . the National Legislative
Assembly at the request of the
Executive power today (December
12, 1941] declared the Republic of
El Salvador in a state of war with
Germany and Italy. . . ."

Proclamation issued by the Gov-
ernor-General of New Zealand.
Printed in The New Zealand Gazette
Extraordinary, December 8, 1941.

Telegram of December 12, 1941
from the Salvadoran Minister of
Foreign Affairs to the Secretary of
State. (Files of the Department of
State.)

American Republics

VISIT TO THE UNITED STATES OF BRAZILIAN MINISTER OF FINANCE

[Released to the press February 3]

The Brazilian Minister of Finance, Dr.
Arthin- de Souza Costa, left Rio de Janeiro
February 2 by air for Miami, where he should
arrive Wednesday, February 4.

He will spend about three weeks in the
United States discussing with officials of this
Government important phases of Brazil's co-
operation with the United States, thus giving
immediate effect to the program of inter-

146

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

American economic and financial cooperation
agreed upon at the Rio Conference.

He will be accompanied by Sr. Claudio de
Souza Lemos, of his stafi'; Sr. Valentim
Bougas, of the Technical Council on Economy
and Finance; Sr. Joao Daudt de Oliveira, im-
portant Brazilian industrialist ; Dr. Jose Gari-
baldi Dantas, of the Commodities Exchange
of the State of Sao Paulo ; Sr. Decio Honorato
de Moura, First Secretary of Legation as-
signed to the Brazilian Ministry of Foreign
Affairs; and a private secretary.

The Minister will probably spend about 10
days in Washington and 10 days in New York.
Wliile here he will no doubt devote attention
to the delivery of equipment for essential in-
dustries in Brazil and the increased production
of rubber in Brazil to supply the United States,
as well as to the procurement of strategic ma-
terials and other products, and the general

economic relations between Brazil and the
United States.

Dr. Arthur de Souza Costa has been widely
recognized as a brilliant administrator of the
important Ministry of Finance, and one who
has kept Brazil's national economy on a re-
markably sound and productive basis, in spite
of the dislocations caused by the war. Under
his administration Brazil resumed partial
service on its foreign debt on April 1, 1940
under a four-year plan, now being carried out,
envisaging payments of some $25,000,000 to
American holders of Brazilian Government
bonds. His able cooperation has also enabled
the United States to acquire large quantities
of strategic materials from Brazil.

The Secretary of State is sending Mr. W. N.
Walmsley, Jr., of the State Department, to
Miami to meet the Minister and his party.

General

SUPREMACY OF FEDERAL POLICY OVER STATE POLICY IN MATTER OF
RECOGNITION OF FOREIGN GOVERNMENT

The United States of America,
Petitioner,

Louis H. Pink, Superintendent of Insurance of
the State of New York, et al.

By laws, decrees, enactments and orders in
1918 and 1919 the Government in Russia na-
tionalized the business of insurance and all the
property, wherever situated, of Russian insur-
ance companies. The New York branch of the
First Russian Insurance Company continued to
do business in New York until 1925, at which
time the Superintendent of Insurance, pursuant
to an order of the Supreme Court of New York,
took possession of the company's assets. There-
after all claims of domestic creditors arising out
of the business of the New York branch were

paid by the Superintendent, leaving a balance
in his hands of more than $1,000,000. In 1931
the New York Court of Appeals directed the
Superintendent to dispose of the balance of the
fund in a certain manner. Some payments were
made pursuant to the order but the major por-
tion of the claims remained unpaid at the time
of the recognition by the United States on
November 16, 1933, of the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics as the de jure Government
of Russia. In connection with that recognition
the Soviet Government assigned to the United
States amounts admitted to be due or that might
thereafter be found to be due it as the successor
of prior Governments of Russia, or otherwise,
from American nationals, including corpora-
tions, companies, partnerships, or associations.
Thereafter the United States took steps to ob-

FEBRUARY 7, 1942

147

tain possession of the funds remaining in the
hands of the Superintendent of Insurance. The
order dismissing the complaint of tlie United
States was afSrmed by the Appellate Division of
the Supreme Court of New York and, in turn,
by the Court of Appeals. On certiorari the
Supreme Court of the United States held, in a
decision of February 2, 1942, delivered by Mr.
Justice Douglas, that the action of the New
York courts amounted in substance to a rejection
of "a part of the policy underlying recognition
by this nation of Soviet Russia"; that "Such
power is not accorded a State in our constitu-
tional system"; and that "To permit it would
be to sanction a dangerous invasion of Federal
authority." It concluded "that the right to the
funds or property in question became vested in
the Soviet Government as the successor to the
First Russian Insurance Co. ; that this right has
passed to the United States under the Litvinov
Assignment ; and that the United States is en-
titled to the property as against the corporation
and the foreign creditors." It reversed the
judgment and remanded the cause to the Su-
preme Court of New York for "proceedings not
inconsistent with this opinion".

Mr. Justice Frankfurter gave a concurring
opinion and Mr. Chief Justice Stone gave a dis-
senting opinion in which Mr. Justice Roberts
joined. Mr. Justice Reed and Mr. Justice
Jackson did not participate in the consideration
or decision of the case.

SUITS BY ENEMY PLAINTIFFS

Ex Parte Don Ascanio Colonna

Petitioner, the Royal Italian Ambassador —
alleging that a vessel and its cargo of oil, the
subject of litigation in the District Court for
the District of New Jersey, were the property
of the Italian Government and entitled to the
benefit of Italy's sovereign immunity from
suit — sought to file in the Supreme Court of
the United States a petition for writs of pro-
hibition and mandamus directed to the District
Court. Subsequent to the filing of the motion,
there occurred on December 11, 1941 the declara-
tion of a state of war between the United States

and Italy. The Supreme Court, in a per curiam
opinion, declined to entertain the application
on the ground that section 7 (b) of the Trading
With the Enemy Act, 40 Stat. 417, contains the
following provision :

"Nothing in this Act shall be deemed to au-
thorize the prosecution of any suit or action
at law or in equity in any court within the
United States by an enemy or ally of enemy
prior to the end of the war, except as provided
in section ten hereof [which relates to patent,
trademark and copyright suits] . . ."

The Court stated that "war suspends the right
of enemy plaintiffs to prosecute actions in our
courts".

The Foreign Service

DEATH OF AMERICAN MINISTER
RESIDENT IN IRAQ

[Released to the press February 2]

The Secretary of State made the following
statement:

"I have learned with profound regret of the
death, at Baghdad, of Mr. Paul Knabenshue,
the American Minister Resident. Mr. Knaben-
shue was one of the Department's outstanding
experts on the Near East, having served in that
area for more than 30 years. During that pe-
riod, he passed through many political crises,
the most recent of which was in May of last year
when he and nearly 200 American and other
nationals were besieged in the American Lega-
tion at Baghdad for over a month. His cool-
ness and courage on that occasion undoubtedly
saved the lives of many of the persons who took
refuge at his Legation. For this action he re-
ceived the official commendation of this Govern-
ment and the thanks of the British Government.
Mr. Knabenshue's death is a great loss to the
Department which he faithfully served for more
than 35 years."

148

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

[Released to the press February 3]

The Secretary of State on February 2 ad-
dressed the following telegram to Mrs. Paul
Knabenshue, the widow of the American Min-
ister Resident in Baghdad, recently deceased:

"I extend my profound sympathy on your
great loss. You may be proud in the knowl-
edge that your husband gave his life for his
country, which he had served so faithfully for
more than thirty-five years."

PERSONNEL CHANGES

[Released to the press February 7]

The following changes have occurred in the
American Foreign Service since January 24,
1942:

Clayson W. Aklridge, of Rome, N. Y., Consul
at Singapore, Straits Settlements, has been
assigned as Consul at Sydney, Australia.

Harold M. Collins, of Marion, Va., Consul
at Tampico, Tamaulipas, Mexico, has been as-
signed for duty in the Department of State.

Perry Ellis, of Riverside, Calif., Vice Consul
at Singapore, Straits Settlements, has been
assigned as Vice Consul at Darwin, Northern
Territory, Australia, where an American Con-
sulate is to be established.

Robert Grinnell, of New York, N. Y., Vice
Consul at Singapore, Straits Settlements, has
been assigned as Vice Consul at Darwin, North-
ern Territory, Australia, where an American
Consulate is to be established.

The assignment of Paul S. Guinn, of Cata-
wissa, Pa., as Consul at Caracas, Venezuela, has
been canceled. In lieu thereof, Mr. Guinn has
been designated Assistant Commercial Attache
at Caracas, Venezuela.

Joel C. Hudson, of St. Louis, Mo., now serv-
ing in the Department of State, has been des-
ignated Assistant Conamercial Attache at
Montevideo, Uruguay.

Dale W. Maher, of Joplin, Mo., Consul at
Lyon, France, has been designated Second
Secretary of the American Legation at Bern,
Switzerland.

Legislation

Joint Resolution Authorizing the President To Render

Aid to China : Communication from the President

of the United States. H. Doc. 606, 77th Cong. 2 pp.

Authorizing Financial Aid to China. S. Kept. 1016,

77th Cong., on H. J. Res. 276. 2 pp.
Treasury and Post Office Departments Appropriation
Bill, Fiscal Year 1943. [Foreign-owned property
control, pp. 4-5 ; foreign air-mail transportation, pp.
14-15.] H. Kept. 1732, 77th Cong, on H. R. 6511.
31pp.
Amending Subsection (c) of Section 19 of the Immigra-
tion Act of February 5, 1917 (39 Stat. 889 ; U. S. C,
Title 8, Sec. 155), as Amended. H. Rept. 1744, 77th
Cong, on H. R. 6450. 3 pp.
An Act Making supplemental appropriations for the
national defense for the fiscal years ending June 30,
1942, and June 30, 1943, and for other purposes. Ap-
proved January 30, 1942. [H. R. 6448.] Public Law
422, 77th Cong. 3 pp.
First Deficiency Appropriation Bill, Fiscal Year 1042 :
Hearings before the Subcommittee of the Committee
on Appropriations, House of Representatives, 77th
Cong., 2d sess. [Department of State, pp. 171-180:
emergencies arising in the Diplomatic and Con-
sular Service, 1942; contingent expenses, 1942;
transportation. Foreign Service, 1942 ; expense of
maintaining enemy-country diplomatic officers.]
353 pp.
H. Rept. 1750, 77th Cong., on H. R. 6548 [Department
of State, p. 11.] 27 pp.

FEBRUARY 7, 1942 149

Publications

other American republics, and joint resolution ap-
proved April 11, 1941 — Agreement signed at Wash-
ington November 28, 1940; agreement and protocol
proclaimed by the President of the United States
April 15, 1941. Treaty Series 970. Iv, 53 pp. 10^.
Dep.\rtment of State Mixed Claims Commission, United States and Ger-

many : Report of American Commissioner of July 26,
Control of American Citizens and Nationals Entering ^^^ ^^^^ Fee-Fixing Decision of June 28, 1941. vl.

72 pp.

and Leaving Territory Under Jurisdiction of the

United States. December 3, 1941. Passport Series

4. Publication 1682. 7 pp.
Foreign Service List, January 1, 1942. Publication Other Government Agencies

1686. Iv, 109 pp. Subscription, 50^ a year; single

copy, 15((. Inter-American Friendship Through the Schools. (Of-

Inter-American Coffee Agreement: Agreement and fice of Education.) Bulletin No. 10. 61 pp., illus.

protocol between the United States of America and 15^.

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents. Washington, D. C. — Price, 10 cents - - - - Subscription price, ?2.75 a year

PUBLISHED WEEKLI WITH THE APPBOVAL OF THE DIBECTOB OF THE BDBEAD OF THE BDDGET

THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE

BULLETIN

FEBRUARY 14, 1942
Vol. VI, No. 138— Publication 1697

ontents

The War Fas*

Coordination of British and American economic warfare

procedm-es 153

U.S. assistance to Netherlands armed forces in defense

of Curagao and Aruba 153

Americans in the Far East 154

Proclaimed List of Certain Blocked Nationals, Re-
vision I 154

Cultural Relations
Visits to the United States of Chilean critic and Guate-
malan anthropologist 154

The Foreign Service

Personnel changes 155

Examinations 156

Treaty Information

Sovereignty: Convention on Provisional Administra-
tion of European Colonies and Possessions in the
Americas 158

Indian affairs: Convention Providing for the Creation

of an Inter- American Indian Institute 158

Consultation: Final Act of the Third Meeting of
Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the American
Republics 159

Claims: Convention with Mexico 159

Flora and fauna: Convention on Nature Protection and

Wildlife Preservation in the Western Hemisphere . 159

Publications 160

Legislation 160

(J. S. SUPEPtNTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS
MAR 3 1942

The War

COORDINATION OF BRITISH AND AMERICAN ECONOMIC WARFARE

PROCEDURES

[Released to the press February 13]

Arrangements have been made between the
Govermnents of the United States and the
United Kingdom for the coordination and sim-
plification of their resi^ective economic warfare
procedures.

Heretofore it has been necessary for exporters
sending goods from the United States to certain
countries in Europe, Africa, and the Near East,
or to their colonial possessions, to obtain two
documents — an American export license and a
British navicert. On April 1, 1942 a new ar-
rangement will come into effect under which
only one document, the American export license,
need be obtained. British consuls in the United
States will not issue navicerts for exports to be
shipped from this country after April 1.

Export licenses issued by the Board of Eco-
nomic Warfare before March 1 will be invalid
after April 10, whether shipment is by freight,
parcel post, or mail, to the following destina-

tions: French West Africa, French North
Africa, Iran, Iraq, Eire, Liberia, Madagascar,
Portugal, Portuguese Atlantic islands, Portu-
guese Guinea, Reunion, Spain, Syria, Spanish
Atlantic islands, Spanish Morocco and Tangier,
Sweden, Switzerland, and Turkey.

Applications for export licenses for goods to
be exported to these destinations after April 1
will be received by the Board of Economic War-
fare on and after March 1. Under the new pro-
cedure export licenses for these destinations
will be issued on a quarterly basis. Detailed
regulations are being issued by the Board of
Economic Warfare to which all inquiries should
be addressed.

Beginning April 1 certificates fulfilling the
purpose iiow fulfilled by ship navicerts will be
issued by United States collectors of customs
to vessels leaving United States ports. Issuance
of ship navicerts by British consular officers
will accordingly be discontinued as of that date.

U. S. ASSISTANCE TO NETHERLANDS ARMED FORCES IN DEFENSE OF CURAgAO

AND ARUBA

[Released to the press February 7]

The United States Government at the re-
quest of the Netherlands Government has sent a
contingent of the United States Army to Cura-
sao and Aruba to assist the Dutch armed forces
in the defense of these islands and the oil re-
fineries thereon, which are vital to the war
effort of the United Nations and to the defense
of the Western Hemisphere.

The United States forces will operate under
the general supervision of the Governor of
Curagao and will be withdrawn upon the ter-
mination of the emergency.

It is understood furthermore that the Vene-
zuelan and the Netherlands Governments have
reached an agreement whereby the former will
cooperate in this defense measure in a manner
similar to that agreed upon between the Gov-
ernments of Brazil and the Netherlands in the
case of Surinam.

The Government of Venezuela has indicated
its whole-hearted approval of these emergency
measures.

The governments of the American republics
are being notified of the foregoing arrange-
ments, which have been reached in the interests
of all.

153

154

DEPAETMENT OF STATE BULLETIN"

AMERICANS IN THE FAR EAST

[Released to the press February 9]

In a telegram dated February 8, 1942, Mr.
Kenneth S. Patton, American Consul General
at Singapore, reported to the Department that
ample opportunity has been given all American
residents of Singapore to withdraw from that
city to places of safety, and that the 24 Ameri-
cans who remain in Singapore are fully awai-e
of the gravity of the military situation and
have decided to stay there on their own respon-
sibility. The telegram indicated that no in-
juries have been reported among the American
colony, although the consular premises have
been damaged by a bomb.

PROCLAIMED LIST OF CERTAIN BLOCKED
NATIONALS, REVISION I

[Released to the press February 7]

The Secretary of State, acting in conjunction
with the Secretary of the Treasury, the Attor-
ney General, the Secretary of Commerce, the
Board of Economic Warfare, and the Coordi-
nator of Inter- American Affairs, on February
7 issued Revision I, dated February 7. 1942, of
the Proclaimed List of Certain Blocked Na-
tionals.

Revision I of the Proclaimed List consoli-
dates the original list issued July 17. 1941 and
the seven supplements thereto which have been
issued to date. This Revision contains the com-
plete Proclaimed List as in effect February 7,
1942 and supersedes all previous issues of the
list. Revision I is divided into two parts : Part
I contains the listings in the other American re-
publics, and part II relates to listings outside
the American republics. The list as revised
contains 3,650 listings in part I, and 1,813 list-
ings in part II. Forty-two new deletions in the
other American republics and nine deletions in
countries outside the American republics are
reflected in Revision I. These deletions are in-
dicated by footnotes to the respective country
headings under which the deletions appear.

No new additions to the Proclaimed List are
included in Revision I. However, numerous
changes are made in the arrangement of list-
ings, form of firm titles, spelling, and addresses.
The arrangement of listings has been changed in
part I so that firm titles are now generally listed
in their letter-address form, word for word, as
written in that form. Cross references previ-
ouslj^ contained in pai-entheses are eliminated
and given individual alphabetical listings.
Cross indexing has been eliminated except for a
few special situations.

It is anticipated that this revision and con-
solidation of the Proclaimed List will greatly
facilitate the use of the list by interested per-
sons. It is contemplated that regular supple-
ments to this Revision, containing new addi-
tions, deletions, and amendments, will be is-
sued from time to time.

Cultural Relations

VISITS TO THE UNITED STATES OF
CHILEAN CRITIC AND GUATEMALAN
ANTHROPOLOGIST

[Released to the press February 12]

Francisco Walker-Linares, of Santiago, Chile,
well-known man of letters, arrived in AVashing-
ton by train Thursday morning, February 12.
Senor Walker-Linares, an extremely active
member of the National Commission on Intel-
lectual Cooperation in Chile, has come to this
countiy at the invitation of the Department of
State to establish contacts with cultural centers
here. His special field is the scientific organiza-
tion of labor, and he is author of a book on labor
legislation. He was formerly Geneva corre-
spondent of El Mercurio, one of Chile's impor-
tant newspapers. Professor Walker-Linares
holds the chair of sociology in the University
of Chile and is also a counselor of that
institution.

FEBRUARY 14, 1942

155

A frequent lecturer on topics of international
literary criticism, he is author of numerous crit-
ical studies. He has been decorated by the Gov-
ernment of Ecuador with the Grand Cross of the
Order of Merit of that republic.

Professor Walker-Linares, who first visited
the United States briefly in 1938, will make a
special study of labor laws of this country dur-
ing his present trip.

[Released to the press February 14]

Prof. David Vela, of the University of
Guatemala law faculty, who arrived in Wash-
ington by plane February 14, is visiting this

country at the invitation of the Department of
State. A frequent commentator in the Guate-
malan press on international affairs, he has re-
cently published an important series of articles
on the necessity of whole-hearted cooperation
among the Americas in defense of democracy.
Professor Vela has also devoted considerable
attention to the customs and history of the Cen-
tral American Indian. He has expressed inter-
est in making a tour of the Southwest while in
the United States and is also planning to visit
the Office of Indian Affairs, as well as many of
our universities and numerous museums.

The Foreign Service

PERSONNEL CHANGES

On February 13, 1942, the Senate confirmed
the nominations of William H. Standley, of
California, to be American Ambassador to the
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics ; and Pat-
rick J. Hurley, of Oklahoma, to be American
Minister to New Zealand.

[Released to the press February 14]

The following changes have occurred in the
American Foreign Service since February 7,
1942:

Maurice M. Bernbaum, of Chicago, 111., Vice
Consul at Singapore, Straits Settlements, has
been assigned as Vice Consul at Caracas, Vene-
zuela.

Ellis O. Briggs, of Topsfield, Maine, First
Secretary of Embassy at Habana, Cuba, has
been designated Counselor of Embassy at Ha-
bana, Cuba.

Thaddeus H. Chylinski, of Bridgeport, Conn.,
formerly Vice Consul at Warsaw, Poland, has
been appointed Vice Consul at Ottawa, Ontario,
Canada.

John K. Emmerson, of Canon City, Colo.,
formerly Third Secretary of Embassy at Tokyo,

Japan, has been designated Third Secretary of
Embassy and Vice Consul at Lima, Peru, and
will serve in dual capacity.

Leys A. France, of Shaker Heights, Ohio,
Consul at Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, will re-
tire from the Foreign Service effective on
March 1, 1942.

The assignment of Ralph C. Getsinger, of De-
troit, Mich., as Vice Consul at Singapore,
Straits Settlements, has been canceled. In lieu
thereof, Mr. Getsinger has been designated
Third Secretary of Legation at Bern, Switzer-
land.

Parker T. Hart, of Medford, Mass., Vice
Consul at Para, Brazil, has been assigned as
Vice Consul at Manaos, Brazil.

G. Wallace La Rue, of Columbia, Mo., Vice
Consul at Bombay, India, has been assigned as
Vice Consul at Algiers, Algeria.

The assignment of Hugh Millard, of Omaha,
Nebr., as First Secretary of Legation at Copen-
hagen, Denmark, has been canceled. In lieu
thereof, Mr. Millard has been designated First
Secretary of Legation at Lisbon, Portugal.

Paul H. Pearson, of Des Moines, Iowa, for-
merly Third Secretary of Embassy at Berlin,

156

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

Germany, has been designated Third Secretary
of Legation and Vice Consul at Stockholm,
Sweden, and will serve in dual capacity.

Edward E. Kice, of Milwaukee, Wis., for-
merly Consul at Foochow, Fukien, China, has
been assigned as Consul at Kunming, Yunnan,
China.

Winfield H. Scott, of Washington, D, C, now
serving in the Department of State, has been
assigned as Consul at Bombay, India.

John C. Shillock, Jr., of Portland, Oreg.,
Second Secretary of Legation and Consul at
Tangier, Morocco, has been designated Second
Secretary of Embassy and Consul at Lima,
Peru, and will serve in dual capacity.

Charles W. Thayer, of Villa Nova, Pa., Third
Secretary of Embassy and Vice Consul at Mos-
cow, U. S. S. R., has been designated Third Sec-
retary of Legation and Vice Consul at Kabul,
Afghanistan, and will serve in dual capacity.

The assignment of Alfred R. Thomson, of
Silver Spring, Md., as Consul General at Glas-
gow, Scotland, has been canceled.

Stephen B. Vaughan, of Hasbrouck Heights,
N. J., formerly Clerk at Berlin, Germany, has
been appointed Vice Consul at Montreal,
Quebec, Canada.

The assignment of Hugh H. Watson, of Mont-
pelier, Vt., as Consul General at Capetown,
Union of South Africa, has been canceled. In
lieu thereof, Mr. Watson has been assigned as
Consul General at Glasgow, Scotland.

Aubrey Lee Welch, Jr., of Charleston, S. C,
Vice Consul at Port Limon, Costa Rica, has
been appointed Vice Consul at San Jose, Costa
Rica.

EXAMINATIONS

[Released to the press February 13]

The Department of State has announced that
because of present war conditions it has been
found impracticable to hold a written examina-
tion this year for commission to the Foreign
Service. The Board of Examiners for the For-
eign Service has not set the date of a later exam-

ination, and it is impossible to forecast when one
will be held.

[Released to the press February 9]

The following candidates were successful in
the Foreign Service examination, which was
recently completed :

Alvin M. Bentley, of Owosso, Mich. ; born in
Portland, Maine, Aug. 30, 1918; University of
Michigan 1936-40 (A.B.), Graduate School
1940^1.

Byron E. Blankinship, of New York, N.Y.;
born in Portland, Oreg., June 2, 1913; Pacific
University 1931-35 (A.B.) ; University of Cali-
fornia, at Berkeley, 1935-37 (M.A.) ; Colmnbia
University, Graduate Faculty of Political Sci-
ence, History, and Economics, 1938-39 ; Colum-
bia University School of Law 1939-40.

D. Chadwick Braggiotti, of New York, N. Y. ;
born in Florence, Italy, of American parents,
June 19, 1913; Harvard University 1931-35
(A.B.)

Robert M. Brandin, of Rockville Centre,
N.Y.; born in New York, N.Y., Mar. 2, 1919;
Princeton University 1936-40 (A. B.)

Howard Brandon, of Annapolis, Md. ; born in
St. Marys, Ga., Apr. 17, 1914; University of
Georgia 1933-35 (A.B.) ; Emory University
1932-33; University of Grenoble, summer of
1935 ; University of Bordeaux 1935-36.

William C. Burdett, Jr., of Macon, Ga. ; born
in Knoxville, Tenn., Oct. 25, 1918; Princeton
University 1937^1 (A.B.)

Findley Burns, Jr., of Baltimore, Md. ; born
in Baltimore May 4, 1917; Princeton Univer-
sity 1935-39 (A. B.)

Robert E. Cashin, of University City, Mo.;
born in Dierks, Ark., July 26, 1918 ; Principia
College (B.A. 1940).

Forrest N. Daggett, of South Pasadena,
Calif.; born in Pasadena, July 16, 1917; Cali-
fornia Institute of Technology 1934-35; Occi-
dental College, fall of 1935; Pasadena Junior
College, spring of 1936; University of Cali-
fornia, at Berkeley, 1936-39 (A.B.) ; Boalt

FEBEUARY 14, 1942

157

School of Jurisprudence 1939-40; Stanford
Business School 1940-41.

Frederick W. Eyssell, of Kansas City, Mo.;
born in Kansas City Nov. 28, 1917; University
of Missouri 1935-37; University of Freiburg
1937-38 ; University of Missouri 1938-41.

Douglas N. Forman, Jr., of Somerville, Mass. ;
born in Wooster, Ohio, Jan. 29, 1918; College
of Wooster 1935-39 (B.A.) ; Fletcher School of
Law and Diplomacy 1939-41 (M.A. 1940).

Michael E. Gannett, of New York, N. Y. ; born
in Neuilly-sur-Seine, France, of American par-
ents, July 13, 1919 ; Harvard University 1937-
41 (S.B.)

Joseph N. Greene, Jr., of North Andover,
Mass.; born in New York, N. Y., Apr. 9, 1920;
Yale University 1937-41 (B.A.)

Henry Hanson, Jr., of Middletown, Conn.;
born in Middletown Nov. 6, 1918; Wesleyan
University 1936-40 (B.A.) ; Harvard Univer-
sity 1940-41 (A.M.)

Douglas Henderson, of Weston, Mass.; born
in Newton, Mass., Oct. 15, 1914; Boston Univer-
sity 1936-40 (B.S.) ; Fletcher School of Law
and Diplomacy 1940-41 (M.A.)

Spencer M. King, of Belfast, Me.; born in
San Juan, Puerto Rico, Aug. 11, 1917; Yale
University 1936-40 (B.A.) ; Georgetown Uni-
versity, School of Foreign Service, summer ses-
sion, 1940.

Armistead M. Lee, of Chatham, Va. ; born in
Anking, China, of American parents, Apr. 2,
1916; Yale University (B.A. 1938); Oxford
University 1938-39 ; Yale University Graduate
School 1939-41 (M.A.)

Duane B. Lueders, of Henning, Minn. ; born
in Henning Sept. 21, 1919 ; Harvard University
1937-41 (S.B.) ; University of Minnesota, sum-
mer of 1940.

LaRue R. Lutkins, of Rye, N. Y. ; born in Port
Chester, N. Y., June 27, 1919 ; Yale University
1937-41 (B.A.)

Oliver M. Marcy, of Newton Highlands,
Mass.; born in Newton, Mass., Apr. 30, 1919;
Amherst College 1936-40 (B.A.)

James V. Martin, Jr., of Boston, Mass. ; bom
in Tokyo, Japan, of American parents, Nov. 15,

1916; DePauw University 1934-38 (A.B.) ;
Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy 1938-
40 (M.A. 1939).

James L. O'Sullivan, of Orange, Conn. ; bom
in Derby, Conn., Oct. 23, 1916; Williams Col-
lege 1934-38 (A.B.)

Albert E. Pappano, of St. Louis, Mo.; bom
in Cleveland, Ohio, Apr. 21, 1910; Kenyon Col-
lege 1928-29; Western Reserve University
1930-33 (A.B.), 1933-34 (A.M.); Washington
University, St. Louis, 1934-37 (Ph.D.)

Henry L. Pitts, Jr., of New York, N. Y. ; born
in Los Angeles, Calif., June 18, 1920 ; Princeton
University 1937-41 (A.B.)

William S. Rosenberg, of Brooklyn, N. Y.;
bom in New York, N. Y., Sept. 15, 1918 ; Brook-
lyn College 1936-40 (B.A.)

Joseph S. Sparks, of Glendale, Calif. ; bom in
Indianapolis, Ind., Aug. 25, 1916; DePauw Uni-
versity 1933-37 (A.B.) ; University of Southern
California 1938-41 (A.M. 1939).

Leslie Albion Squires, of Palo Alto, Calif.;
born in Stockton, Calif., Nov. 13, 1912; Duke
University 1931-33 ; University of Pennsylvania
1934; Stanford University 1934-36 (B.A.),
1939-41.

Walter J. Stoessel, Jr., of Beverly Hills,
Calif. ; born in Manliattan, Kans., Jan. 24, 1920;
Stanford University 1937-41 (A.B.) ; Univer-
sity of Lausanne 1939-40.

Jewell Truex, of Stockton, Calif.; born in
Pueblo, Colo., Apr. 9, 1916; Long Beach Junior
College 1933-34 ; Modesto Junior College 1934-
36 (A. A.) ; University of California, at Berke-
ley (A. B. 1938, M. A. 1939, Ph.D. 1941).

Richard E. Usher, of Madison, Wis. ; born in
Madison Apr. 15, 1919 ; University of Wiscon-
sin 1937-41.

Theodore C. Weber, of Medford, Mass. ; born
in Rochester, N.Y., Sept. 23, 1918 ; Yale Univer-
sity 1936^0 (B.A.) ; Fletcher School of Law
and Diplomacy 1940-41.

William L. S. Williams, of Racine, Wis. ; born
in Racine June 8, 1919 ; University of Wisconsin
1936-40 (B.A.) ; Fletcher School of Law and
Diplomacy 1940-41 (M.A.)

Treaty Information

Compiled in the Treaty Division

SOVEREIGNTY

Convention on Provisional Administration of
European Colonies and Possessions in the
Americas

[Released to the press February 12]

On February 12, 1942 the President pro-
claimed the Convention between the American
Kepublics on the Provisional Administration
of European Colonies and Possessions in the
Americas, signed at Habana on July 30, 1940,
the instruments of ratification of 14 of the
American republics (the t\Yo-thirds required by
the terms of the convention to bring it into
force) having been deposited with the Pan
American Union.

The 14 governments which have deposited
their instruments of ratification are the United
States of America, the Dominican Republic,
Costa Rica, Brazil, Peru, Panama, El Salvador,
Haiti, Guatemala, Argentina, Venezuela, Co-
lombia, Ecuador, and Honduras. The ratifica-
tion of Honduras was deposited on January 8,
1942, on which date the convention came into
force.

The convention is the result of consultation
at the Second Meeting of the Ministers of For-
eign Affairs of the American Republics held
at Habana in July 1940. Its purpose is to pro-
vide for the provisional administration by the
American republics of European colonies and
possessions in the Americas in the event that
any non-American state should attempt to re-
place another non-American state in the sov-
ereignty or control which it exercises over any
territory located in this hemisphere.

158

INDIAN AFFAIRS

Convention Providing for the Creation of an
Inter-American Indian Institute

(Released to the press February 12]

On February 12, 1942 the President pro-
claimed the Convention Providing for the Cre-
ation of an Inter-American Indian Institute,
which was opened for signature at Mexico City
on November 1, 1940.

The convention was signed on behalf of the
United States of America by the American Am-
bassador at Mexico City on November 29, 1940.
On the same day the convention was signed by
the plenipotentiaries of Costa Rica, Cuba,
Ecuador, El Salvador, Honduras, Mexico, and
Peru, and on December 18, 1940 it was signed
by the plenipotentiary of Bolivia. Notifications
of adherence to the convention were given to
the Mexican Government by Nicaragua on
April 18, 1941, by Panama on May 26, 1941, and
by Paraguay on June 17, 1941.

The Convention Providing for the Creation
of an Inter- American Indian Institute was for-
mulated by a committee appointed at the First
Inter-American Congress on Indian Life, held
in April 1940 at Patzcuaro, Mexico. This Con-
gress was convened pursuant to resolutions of
the Seventh International Conference of Ameri-
can States, held at Montevideo 1933, and of the
Eighth International Conference of American
States, held at Lima 1938.

The Institute created in pursuance of the
convention will study Indian problems in the
American republics and legislation relating to
Indians. In fulfilling its functions in this re-

FEBRUARY 14, 1942

159

spect, it will also cooperate with bureaus of In-
dian aflPairs of the several American republics.

The instruments of ratification of the conven-
tion, in accordance with article XVI, were de-
posited with the Mexican Government by Mex-
ico, Honduras, El Salvador, the United States
of America, and Ecuador on May 2, July 29,
July 30, August 1, and December 13, 1941, re-
spectively. The convention came into force in
respect of these five countries on December 13,
1941, the date of the deposit of the fifth ratifica-
tion, that of Ecuador.

It is provided in article X of the convention
that the nations which subscribe to the conven-
tion shall, on such date as they may deem ad-
visable, and within their respective jurisdic-
tions, organize national Indian institutes which
shall be affiliated to the Inter-American Indian
Institute. By Executive Order 8930 of Novem-
ber 1, 1941 the President established in the De-
partment of the Interior a National Indian In-
stitute for the United States of America.^ By
the Executive order, a policy board is estab-
lished within tlie National Indian Institute for
the purpose of recommending policies to be fol-
lowed by the Institute.

CONSULTATION

Final Act of the Third Meeting of Ministers of
Foreign Affairs of the American RepubUcs

The text of the Final Act of the Third Meet-
ing of Ministers of Foreign Aifairs of the
American Republics, which met at Rio de
Janeiro January 15-28, 1942, appears in the
Bulletin of February 7, 1942, under the heading
"The War".

' Bulletin of November 8, 1941, p. 373.

CLAIMS

Convention Witli Mexico

On February 10, 1942 the President ratified
the Convention for the Adjustment and Settle-
ment of Certain Outstanding Claims between
the United States and Mexico, which was signed
at Washington on November 19, 1941. See the
Bulletin of November 22, 1941, pages 399-403,
for a statement regarding the outlines of the
several agreements covering claims and finan-
cial problems between the two Governments
signed on November 19, 1941.

FLORA AND FAUNA

Convention on Nature Protection and Wildlife
Preservation in the Western Hemisphere

Haiti

The Director General of the Pan American
Union informed the Secretary of State by a let-
ter dated February 11, 1942 that the instrument
of ratification by Haiti of the Convention on
Nature Protection and Wildlife Preservation
in the Western Hemisphere, which was opened
for signature at the Pan American Union on
October 12, 1940, was deposited with the Union
on January 31, 1942. The instrument of rati-
fication is dated December 30, 1941.

Paragraph 3 of article XI of the convention
provides that the convention "shall come into
force three months after the deposit of not less
than five ratifications with the Pan American
Union". The instrument deposited by the Gov-
ernment of Haiti is the fifth ratification of the
convention deposited with the Union. Tlie
other governments which have also deposited
their ratifications are the United States of
America, April 28, 1941 ; El Salvador, Decem-
ber 2, 1941; Guatemala, August 14, 1941; and
Venezuela, December 2, 1941. The convention
will enter into force three months after the de-
posit of the instrument of ratification by Haiti,
namely, May 1, 1942.

160

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

Legislation

Department of State

Allocation of Tariff Quota on Crude Petroleum and Fuel
Oil: Proclamation by the President of the United
States of America Issued December 26, IWI Pursuant
to Article VII of the Reciprocal Trade Agreement
Between the United States of America and Venezuela
Signed November 6, 1939. Executive Agreement
Series 226. Publication 1688. 5 pp. 50.

Diplomatic List, February 1942. Publication 1695. ii,
94 pp. Subscription, $1 a year ; single copy, 100.

North American Regional Broadcasting: Agreement
Between the United States of America, Canada, Cuba,
Dominican Republic, Haiti, and Mexico— Signed at
Habana December 13, 1937 ; proclaimed by the Presi-
dent January 23, 1941. Treaty Series 962. iv, 101
pp. 150.

Other Government Agencies

Balance of International Payments of United States in
1940. (Department of Commerce, Bureau of Foreign
and Domestic Commerce, Economic Series 17. ) vi, 93
pp. 200 (paper).
Neutrality and Freedom of Seas. [List of recent refer-
ences on neutrality, with section on maritime neu-
trality and freedom of seas.] (Library of Congress,
Bibliography Division.) 27 pp., processed.
Foreign Trade of Latin America : Report on trade of
Latin America with special reference to trade with
United States, under general provisions of see. 332,
pt. 2, title 3, Tariff Act of 1930. (Tariff Commis-
sion.)
Part 2, Commercial policies and trade relations of
individual Latin American countries-
Sec. 12, El Salvador, viii, 53 pp., illus., processed.

Free.
Sec. 13, Guatemala.

Free.
Sec. 14, Honduras.

Free.
Sec. 15, Nicaragua.

Free.

viii, 58 pp., illus., processed,
viii, 49 pp., illus., processed,
viii, .59 pp., illus., processed.

Joint Resolution To authorize the President of the
United States to render finSincial aid to China, and
for other purposes. [H.J. Res. 276] Public Law 442,
77th Cong. Approved, February 7, 1942. 1 p.

Appropriation for tinancial aid to China. H. Rept.
1759, 77th Cong., on H.J. Res. 278. 1 p.

Amending the act requiring registration of certain per-
sons employed by agencies to disseminate propaganda
in the United States : Message from the President of
the United States transmitting without approval,
H.R. 6269, a bill to amend the act entitled "An Act
To Require the Registration of Certain Persons Em-
ployed by Agencies To Disseminate Propaganda in
the United States, and for Other Purposes," ap-
proved Jiuie 8, 1938, as amended. H. Doc. 611, 77th
Cong. 9 pp.

Draft of a resolution to amend the Neutrality Act of
1939 : Message from the President of the United
States transmitting a draft of a resolution to amend
the Neutrality Act of 1939. H. Doc. 617, 77th Cong.
Ip.

Supplemental estimate of appropriation for defense
aid : Communication from the President of the United
States transmitting supplemental estimate of appro-
priation, totaling $5,430,000,000 for defense aid (lend-
lease) to carry out the provisions of the act entitled
"An Act To Promote the Defense of the United
States," approved March 11, 1941. H. Doc. 618, 77th
Cong. 2 pp.

First Deficiency Appropriation Bill for 1942 : Hearings
before the subcommittee of the Committee on Appro-
priations, House of Representatives, 77th Cong., 2d
sess. [State Department, pp. 171-180.] ii, 353 pp.

Amending section 7 of the Neutrality Act of 1939.
S. Rept. 1057, 77th Cong., on S. J. Res. 133. 2 pp.

H. Res. 351 to 367, inclusive, 77th Cong., 1st sess., ex-
pressing thanlis for the cordial reception extended to
a delegation of Members of the House of Representa-
tives of the United States by high oflBcials of the
Governments of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia,
Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala,
Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru,
Uruguay, and Venezuela. Agreetl to February 2,
1942. 1 p. each.

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C. — Price, 10 cents - - - - Subscription price. $2.75 a year

PUBLISBED WEEKLY WITH THE APPBOVAL OF THE DIRECTOR OF THE BOEBAO OP THE BUDGET

■^9'S-S"3. / n-30

THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE

BULLETIN

FEBRUARY 21, 1942
Vol. VI, No. 139— Publication 1699

ontents

The War Page

Address to Canada by the President of the United

States 163

Address by the Under Secretary of State before the
Cuban Chamber of Commerce in the United

States 164

Address by Assistant Secretary Berle before the

National Farm Institute 168

American Republics

Agreement between Bohvian Government and Standard

Oil Company 172

Australasia

Presentation of letters of credence by the Minister of

New Zealand 173

Commercial Policy

Exchange of notes regarding trade agreement with

Haiti 174

Regulations 175

The Foreign Service

Promotions 176

Treaty Information

Flora and fauna: Convention on Nature Protection
and Wildlife Preservation in the Western Hemi-
sphere 178

Diplomatic officers: Pan American convention .... 178

Claims: Convention with Mexico 178

Petroleum properties: Agreement with Mexico regard-
ing compensation for expropriated petroleum

properties 178

Opium and other dangerous drugs: International con-
ventions of 1925 and 1931 178

Commerce: Trade agreement with Haiti 179

Legislation 179

Publications 179

^, s, SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS

MAR 12 1942

The War

ADDRESS TO CANADA BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES*

[Released to the press by the White House February 14]

I am sjjeaking to my neighbors of Canada this
evening — in regard to something tliat is a Ca-
nadian matter — only because of a personal rela-
tionship, which goes back 58 long years, when
my family began taking me every summer to
spend several months on a delightful island off
the coast of New Brunswick. I hope that my
privilege of free and intimate discourse across
our border will always continue. I trust that
it will always be appreciated as sincerely as I
appreciate it tonight.

It is not merely as good neighbors that we
speak to each other in these eventful days, but
as partners in a great enterprise which concerns
us equally and in which we are equally pledged
to the uttermost sacrifice and effort.

In an atmosphere of peace, four years ago, I
offered you the assurance that the people of this
country would not stand idly by if domination
of Canadian soil were ever threatened by an ag-
gressor. Your Prime Minister responded with
an intimation that Canada, whose vast terri-
tories flank our entire northern border, would
man that border against any attack upon us.
These mutual pledges are now being imple-
mented. Instead of defending merely our
shores and our territories we now are joined
with the other free peoples of the world against
an armed conspiracy to wipe out free institu-
tions wherever they exist.

Freedom — our freedom and yours — is under

'- Broadcast February 15, 1942 in connection with the
Dominion's Victory Loan drive.

attack on many fronts. You and we together
are engaged to resist the attack on any front
where our strength can best be brought to bear.

The part that Canada is playing in this fight
for the liberty of man is worthy of your tradi-
tions and ours. We, your neighbors, have been
profoundly impressed by reports that have
come to us setting forth the magnitude and
nature of your effort as well as the valiant spirit
which supports it. If that effort is to be meas-
ured in dollars, then you already have paid out,
in two years, more than twice as much as you
spent in the whole four years of the last war.

Moreover, these reports show that one Ca-
nadian in eA'ery 21 of your entire population is
now in the fighting forces and that one in every
29 is a volunteer for service anywhere in the
world. It should give us all new strength and
new courage to learn that in the swift mobiliza-
tion your Army has increased nearly 10-fold,
your Navj' 15-fold, your Air Force 25-fold. We
rejoice to know that the air-training plan which
you commenced to organize two years ago is
now the main source of reinforcements for Brit-
ain's Air Force and that its graduates are fight-
ing on almost every front in the world. Other
reports disclose in equally impressive terms an
all-out effort which Canada is making in the
common cause of liberty.

Yours are the achievements of a great nation.
They require no praise from me — but they get
that praise from me nevertheless. I understate
the case when I say that we, in this country,
contemplating what you have done, and the

163

164

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

spirit in which you have done it, are proud to be
your neighbors.

From the outset you have had our friendship
and understanding, and our collaboration on an
increasing scale. We have gone forward to-
gether with increasing understanding and mu-
tual sympathy and good-will.

More recent events have brought us into even
closer alignment; and at Washington a few
weeks ago, with the assistance of Britain's Prime
Minister and your own, we arrived at under-
standings which mean that the United Nations
will fight and work and endure together until

our common purpose is accomplished and the
sun shines down once more upon a world where
the weak will be safe and the strong will be just.
There is peril ahead for us all, and sorrow for
many. But our cause is right, our goal is
worthy, our strength is great and growing. Let
us then march forward together, facing danger,
bearing sacrifice, competing only in the effort to
share even more fully in the great task laid
upon us all. Let us, remembering the price that
some have paid for our survival, make our own
contribution worthy to lie beside theirs upon the
altar of man's faith.

ADDRESS BY THE UNDER SECRETARY OF STATE BEFORE THE CUBAN
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE IN THE UNITED STATES '

[Released to tbe press February 15]

May I express first of all my deep gratifica-
tion at being afforded once again the privilege
of being the guest of the Cuban Chamber of
Commerce in the United States. For I am
given in this way the satisfaction of meeting
many of my Cuban friends, and of feeling, dur-
ing the hours I am with them, that I am closer
to that great Nation where I had the honor of
representing this Government nine years ago.

It is all the more appropriate, therefore, for
me tonight to render a deeply felt tribute of
admiration and of gratitude to the people of
Cuba and to their present Government. Cuba,
as always, has proved loyal to her friendship
and to her traditional ties with the United
States. Those ties were consecrated in 1898.
When this country was forced into war in 1917,
Cuba again stood at her side. And now that
the United States, through an act of cowardly
aggression which will never be forgotten by
the people of the United States, nor, I believe.

' Delivered by Mr. Welles before the Cuban Chamber
of Commerce in the United States, in New York, N.Y.,
February 16, 1942, and broadcast over the facilities of
the blue network of the National Broadcasting Co. and
the shortwave facilities of the National Broadcasting
Co. and the Columbia Broadcasting Co.

by the peoples of any of the American republics,
has been forced into the gi'eatest war of all
times against the enemies of all that civilized
man holds most dear, the Cuban people again,
without liesitation or delay, have risen as one
man to defend their own independence and the
integrity of the Western Hemisphere, and by so
doing, to come to the support of the United
States.

Friendship of that magnitude is beyond
praise. But I know that I speak for all of the
American people when I say that their grateful
recognition will be enduring.

During the brief period between January 15
and January 28, the world witnessed in the city
of Rio de Janeiro the ending of an epoch in
the Western Hemisphere and the beginning of
a new era.

It witnessed the termination of the period in
the history of the Americas in which the phrase
"the solidarity of the American republics" had
been an aspiration — a collection of mere words.
There has now commenced a period of New
World history in which inter-American soli-
darity has become a real, a living, and a vital
truth.

The American foreign ministers met scarcely
more than a month after Pearl Harbor.

The war had been brought to America.

FEBRUARY 21, 1942

They met fully conscious in many instances
of the relatively undefended state of their own
countries. They met under no illusions as to
the nature of the struggle into which the world
has now been plunged and well aware of the
cruelty, the power, and the unlimited ambitions
for conquest of the Axis powers.

But to them all, the fundamental issues were
clear. They realized that in the coui'se which
destiny has traced for our New World there
now existed for us all but two alternatives:
either supine acquiescence in the plans which
Hitler has charted for the enslavement of the
freedom-loving peoples of the Americas, or else
an immediate and resolute defiance of the would-
be conqueror, and the prompt taking of drastic
and concerted measures for the common safety
of all of the American republics. They knew
that the latter alternative meant victory and
future security.

Unanimously the 21 American republics de-
termined upon their course. And the nature of
their course was forthright and categorical. 1
can assure you that if the spirit of appease-
ment lingers anywhei-e on the American con-
tinent, it was not much in evidence at Rio de
Janeiro. I shall read you the text of the first
resolution agreed upon by the conference, en-
titled ''Breaking of Diplomatic Relations" :

"The American Republics reajBBrm their dec-
laration to consider any act of aggression on
the part of a non-American State against one of
them as an act of aggression against all of them,
constituting as it does an immediate threat to
the liberty and independence of America.

"II

"The American Republics reafl&rm their com-
plete solidarity and their determination to coop-
erate jointly for their mutual protection until
the effects of the present aggression against the
Continent have disappeared.

"Ill

"The American Republics, in accordance with
the procedures established by their own laws
and in conformity with the position and circum-
stances obtaining in each country in the existing

165

continental conflict, recommend the breaking
of their diplomatic relations with Japan, Ger-
many and Italy, since the first-mentioned State
attacked and the other two declaimed war on an
American country.

"IV

"Finally, the American Republics declare
that, prior to the reestablishment of the relations
referred to in the preceding paragraph, they
will consult among themselves in order that
their action may have a solidary character."

Before the holding of the conference at Rio de
Janeiro, 10 of the American republics had de-
clared war upon the Axis powers, and three
others, the Governments of Mexico, Colombia,
and Venezuela, had already severed diplomatic
relations with the enemy. Before the termina-
tion of the conference and as soon as the resolu-
tion I have just read to you had been adopted,
the Governments of Peru, of Uruguay, of Bo-
livia, of Paraguay, of Ecuador, and of Brazil
likewise severed their diplomatic relations. It
is true that as yet the Governments of Chile and
of Argentina have not acted upon the recom-
mendation in which they themselves joined, but,
to paraphrase the eloquent metaphor of that
great orator and statesman, the Foreign Minis-
ter of Mexico, Dr. Ezequiel Padilla, which he
employed in the closing session of the conference
at Rio de Janeiro, in the firmament over the
Western Hemisphere the stars of Argentina and
Chile will surely soon be shining at the side of
the stars of the other 19 American republics.

The conference was in every sense a confer-
ence of acts and not a conference of words.

The American governments there agreed, like-
wise unanimously, upon the severance of all
commercial and financial relations between the
American republics and the Axis powers; they
agreed upon far-reaching measures of coopera-
tion for mutual defense; for the maintenance
through mutual assistance of the internal econ-
omy of the American republics ; for the stimula-
tion and expansion of the production of strategic
materials; for the mobilization of inter-Amer-
ican transportation facilities; for joint action
in the most effective and detailed manner so
as to eliminate subversive activities within the

166

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

Americas; for the elimination of all Axis in-
fluence, direct or indirect, in the realm of radio
and telephone, and in the field of aviation ; and
finally, to take joint action in preparation for
the time when the victory shall have been won,
so that the enlightened principles of decency, of
humanity, of tolerance, and of understanding,
which have made our New World what it is to-
day, shall likewise be the determining principles
in the shaping of the world of the future.

The negotiations at the conference were under-
taken in the true sj^irit of democracy. Some of
us would have preferred in one or two instances
the adoption of diflFerent methods of approach to
the problems we had before us. But in every
case an harmonious and unanimous agreement
was had, which in no wise weakened the practi-
cal results we all sought. And thereby the great
objective, the maintenance of the unity of the
Americas, was preserved and strengthened.

I cannot fail tonight to express once more the
gi-atitude all of us who attended the meeting
had reason to feel because of the unfailing sup-
port given to the delegates in the achievement of
their purposes by that wise and courageous
statesman, the President of Brazil, and by his
great Minister for Foreign Affairs, Dr. Aranha,
who served as our Chairman.

Nor can I fail to emphasize the conspicuous
and constructive part played in our delibera-
tions by the representative of Cuba. Ambassador
Concheso. Cuba was represented in her own
best tradition. I can offer no higher tribute.

While technically it did not come within the
scope of the agenda before the conference, the
agreement reached at Rio de Janeiro between
the Governments of Ecuador and of Peru, for
the final settlement of their century-and-a-
quarter-old dispute, will always be regarded as
a direct result of the spirit engendered at that
meeting. As you all know, that long-standing
controversy had time and again given rise to the
most serious difficulties between those two neigh-
boring republics. Tragically enough, it had
even resulted in actual hostilities last year. It
had for generations thwarted and handicapped
the prosperous development and the peaceful
stability of the two nations involved. Its con-

tinuation had jeopardized the well-being of the
entire hemisphere. I am happy to say that since
the signing of the agreement the arrangements
provided therein have been scrupulously carried
out by both parties thereto, and it is the hope of
all of us that the remaining and final steps will
be taken in the immediate future, so that this
last remaining important controversy in our
hemisphere may be regarded as finally liqui-
dated.

I sometimes wonder if the people of the
United States fully appreciate in the bitter
struggle in which they are now engaged the
significance to their own security of the striking
demonstration of friendship and of support for
them and for their cause which they have now
been offered by their neighbors in the New
World.

How different would be our situation today
if on our southern border there lay a Republic
of Mexico filled with resentment and with an-
tagonism against the United States, instead of a
truly friendly and cooperative Mexican people
seeking the same objectives as ours, guided by
the same policies, and inspired by the same mo-
tives in their determination to safeguard their
independence and the security of the hemisphere,
as those which we ourselves possess; or if in
those republics more nearly adjacent to the
Panama Canal there still burned a flaming hos-
tility towards our Government because of acts
of unjustifiable and vmjustified intervention and
of military occupation ; or if the gi-eat republics
to the south were still deeply suspicious of our
ultimate aims and outraged because of our un-
willingness to concede their sovereign equality.

But if we look back a short decade ago, the
picture I have just drawn will indicate the situ-
ation as it then existed.

In this new gigantic war, were we confronted
by conditions within the hemisphere as they then
obtained, we would today be indeed gravely in
danger.

But fortunately, and we can never afford to
forget it, there lives today throughout the
length and breadth of the hemisphere a realiza-
tion of community of interest, a recognition of
American interdependence, which will prove to

FEBRUARY 21, 1942

167

be the salvation of the New World and which
renders full assurance that the liberties and the
independence of the free peoples of the Amer-
icas will be maintained against all hazards and
against all odds.

The bedrock upon which this new epoch of in-
ter-American understanding is founded is the
recognition in fact, as well as in word, that every
one of the 21 American republics is the sov-
ereign equal of the others. That implies that
interference by any one of them, in the internal
affairs of the others is inconceivable. Destroy
or change that foundation and the inter- Amer-
ican federation which now exists will crash into
ruins.

During recent months a strangely paradox-
ical situation has been increasingly frequently
brought to my attention. Certain individuals
and gi'oups in the United States — who allege
that they are representative of extreme liberal
thought — have been publicly complaining that
the policy of the Government of the United
States in its dealings during these latter years
with the other American republics should have
been a policy of open condemnation of existing
governments in the other American nations, of
a refusal of all forms of cooperation with those
governments, and of open support of indi-
viduals or groups in those countries who hap-
pen to hold political views or beliefs which
these critics regard as desirable. One of these
gentlemen, a professor, in fact, in a book which
he has recently published, has even gone so far
as to maintain in the most portentous manner
that this Government has been gravely derelict
because it has not pursued in the Western Hemi-
sphere what he terms a policy of "revolutionary
democracy".

It is clear that what is here proposed is that
the Government of the United States, by pres-
sure, by bribery, by corruption, presumably even
by open intervention, should have assisted in
the overthrow of the established governments
of the other American republics in every case
where they did not meet the requirements of this
group of alleged liberals, so that they might be
replaced with hand-picked governments of a
different color. And I have no doubt that this

group of alleged liberals would have been glad
to do the picking for our Government I

The paradox lies in the fact that som,e of these
persons are the very same individuals who only
a generation ago were leading the fight with
courage and with determination and with ulti-
mate success to obtain from the Government of
the United States the pursuit of a policy of non-
intervention.

I wonder if this group of alleged liberals to
whom I refer has ever realized that what they
are now proposing is the pursuit by their Gov-
ernment of a policy which is identical with that
which has been pursued during the past five
years by Hitler.

What they are demanding in fact is the exer-
cise by the United States of its power and of its
influence in order to create puppet governments
in the sovereign nations of the Western Hemi-
sphere because of the belief by these people that
these pupi^et governments would be more re-
sponsive to the political theories which they
themselves hold.

But whether these misguided citizens of ours
realize this truth or not, of one thing I am ever-
lastingly sure, and that is that if the Govern-
ment of the United States ever again under-
takes within the New World a policy which con-
stitutes interference, direct or indirect, in the
domestic political concerns of our neighbors, the
day when that policy is undertaken marks tlie
end of all friendship and understanding be-
tween the American peoples.

It would signalize the termination of the new
epoch which commenced at Rio de Janeiro. It
would mark the collapse of the finest and most
practical form of international cooperation —
the system of the Western Hemisphere — which
in my judgment modern civilization has yet
produced.

As between the two forces battling in this
world upheaval which is now in process, and of
which the gravity is increasing day by day, there
is no longer any neutrality known to our New
World.

There is no government in the Americas
which is neutral in its acts or in its policies.

168

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BtlLLETrN

There are no peoples of the Americas who are
neutral in thought or in sympathy.

The Americas have unanimously cast their lot
on the side of those ■who are fighting to save
mankind from having to endure the darkness
which would engulf it were Hitlerism to
triumph.

All through the world, in every continent, in
every quarter of the globe, men and women ai'e
laying down their lives in order to save the inde-
pendence of their nations. To them the gi-eatest
sacrifice is not too great if, by the making of it,
they can ensure that their children and their
fellows can be free — free to worship God, free to
think and to speak, and free to live out their
lives in safety and in peace.

Thirty-seven governments, and 37 peoples,
today, in one form or another, have taken their
stand in opposition to the Axis powers and in
detestation of the cruel barbarism which these
evil forces represent.

They are joined in a common cause. Differing
as they do in race, in color, in creed, in language,
and in form of government, they are yet as one
in their prayer for the victory of the principles
of Christian civilization.

For they realize that without a complete and
crushing and permanent defeat of Hitlerism,
not one nation, not one government, not one in-
dividual, can have any hope for the future.

Every foot of ground that the gallant Soviet
armies regain from Hitler's troops constitutes a

gain for us all. Every defeat inflicted upon the
assassins of Japan by the brave forces of China
is a blow at the tyraimy which we are all deter-
mined must be defeated. Every set-back suf-
fered by Hitler's satellites at the hands of the
United Nations is that much new advantage to
the cause which the peoples of these 37 nations
uphold.

Prejudices and antagonisms between us — stale
but festering grievances of the past — wherever
they still exist among these companions in this
New Crusade, must go by the board. There is
no place any longer for any factor which hinders
our common effort.

There is only one issue today — it is to win the
war.

Upon us, the people of the United States, are
fixed the eyes of millions upon millions who
have for long past been suffering the burden
and heat of the battle. For many weary months
they have been waging our fight for us. They
now look to us to make good the faith they
have in us. We cannot fail.

But we must immediately become fully con-
scious of our responsibility. We must at once
attain the full measure of that achievement
which is imperative to gain the victory.

We shall not fail.

We shall not fail because the end for which we
strive, and which we seek, is that goal which
to all the Americas — from Tierra del Fuego to
Hudson's Bay — implies the one supreme value
in life — Liberty.

ADDRESS BY ASSISTANT SECRETARY BERLE BEFORE THE NATIONAL
FARM INSTITUTE '

[Released to the press February 20]

You have asked me to give today an account
of America's determination to meet the great-
est challenge in American history. For the
first time since the days of the Revolution
America's right to exist and the right of Ameri-
cans to be Americans have been attacked. The
situation is grave, and for some time its gravity
will increase. With the utmost frankness I pro-

^ Delivered at Des Jloines, Iowa, February 20, 1942.

pose to tell you today what we have done, and
some of the things we hope to do.

For some years we in the State Department
were convinced of two main facts. We were
sure that a trio of nations — Germany, Japan,
and the puppet nation of Italy — planned to risk
a major war for the purpose of seizing anything
and everything they desired. In this they
acknowledged no law, knew no mercy, and pro-
posed to follow the lines of the barbarians who
had ravaged civilization centuries ago. Second,

FEBRUARY 21, 194 2

169

we were clear that the war they then planned
included an attack on the United States, since
their plans contemplated the conquest of the
entire world.

All of us, and more particularly a very great
American, Secretary Cordell Hull, of Tennessee,
said this to the American Nation on many occa-
sions. We were not always listened to. The
idea of world-conquest to the average American
seems like an insanity. Actually, it is insane.
But, particularly in Germany and Japan, crimi-
nal insanity was the order of the day. For years
Nazi and Japanese militarists had matured
plans to undermine, infilti'ate, and eventually to
break every free country in the world. They at-
tempted to create and did create the most power-
ful military machines in history. During this
period they lied, of course, to their own people.
Hitler promised to all Germany that he would
not involve them in a major war, though he and
the people around them knew that they planned
wars in all directions. The Japanese insisted
that they wanted merely peace and prosperity in
Asia, though they were perfecting schemes to
conquer and enslave everyone within their reach.

It was likewise the conception of the State De-
partment that in the face of this sort of thing no
nation could go it alone. So far as we knew, the
plans of the so-called Axis called for conquering
countries one by one, under the often-repeated
lie that each conquest would be the last and that
other nations need not make the sacrifices re-
quired for all-out defense. On the continent of
Europe they were successful in doing this. They
did conquer, one by one, Austria, Czechoslovakia,
Albania, and Abyssinia.

It is to the everlasting credit of Great Britain
that when in 1939 Hitler attacked Poland, she,
with her then ally, France, refused to stand
idly by while this process went forward. I am
glad to say this now. In time of military re-
verse it is easy to criticize, and some have criti-
cized. Great Britain. But those who now criti-
cise had best remember that Great Britain saw
the situation more than two years ago and met
it at the risk of her national life. She entered
the war voluntarily and of her own accord,
having learned what an Axis victory would

445361 — 42 2

mean. During that time many in the United
States were saying that this was no concern of
ours, that we could sit quietly behind our ocean
screens and watch the war burn itself out on
European and Asiatic shores. In Washington
we had no such conviction. We thought that
the war was coming to us as rapidly as the
armed forces of the Axis could break through
the obstacles of British, French, and Chinese
resistance, and as soon as they could develop
combined air and sea power which would per-
mit them to use the oceans as highways leading
toward our own coasts.

We did not on that account abandon any pos-
sible road to a peaceful solutiorj. At every
step of the way we used all of the tools at our
command, seeking to avoid the catastrophe of
war. We were not hopeful of results. You
do not get very far talking righteousness to
rattlesnakes. But we knew, as we know now,
that even in Axis countries there are great
bodies of men and women who detest the works
of their own rulers and who, if left to them-
selves, would seek and undoubtedly find just
solutions. The attempt to make these voices
heard was worth making, and I for one am glad
that no stone was left unturned to seek solu-
tions through the avenues of peace.

In January 1940 some of us initiated a pro-
gram for the prompt rearmament of the United
States in modern terms. I am proud to have
been one of those who took part in that move-
ment. We had no illusions as to what we needed.
We knew that an armament progi'am capable of
resisting the Axis meant the progressive turning
of a huge part of our national life to production
of munitions and the turning of millions of
Americans from peaceful pursuit to ways of war.
We did not enjoy the prospect. But we consid-
ered that American civilization, which our fath-
ers and mothers had built with infinite toil and
which they had defended with their lives, was a
precious gift and that its defense in our time was
not a duty but a priceless privilege.

Whatever sacrifices were made to arm the
United States and, if occasion required, to con-
quer in the name of the United States, were not
to be counted as unhappiness. Rather, if Ameri-

170

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

cans were called upon to do this, we were merely
keeping faith with our fathers before us and the
children who come after us.

During this period we endeavored to make
available to the peace-loving nations who fought
against world-conquest the arms and munitions
which might safeguard their existence. To this
end we made American materials available to
China, and American arms available to Great
Britain.

To this end we worked to strengthen the soli-
darity of the American Hemisphere — a great
family of nations which, more than any other
group of nations, with the possible exception of
the British Commonwealth, has recognized that
the welfare and defense of each is essential to
the welfare and defense of all.

When the staggering news of the fall of
France broke upon this counti-y in June of 1940,
most of the United States became at length
aware of the danger in which it stood. There
were still some who thought it was not our
affair. But in the main, the solid coimnon sense
of the United States saw clearly the issues in-
volved. The result was the immediate arming
of Britain, so that she could prevent the Nazi
tide from rolling into the Atlantic without let
or hindrance. In July of 1940, at the Confer-
ence of Habana, 21 American nations authorized
a full measure of American defense, should the
war affect tlie Western Hemisphere.

Meantime the armament effort had passed
through the blueprint stage, and throughout the
United States factories for the construction of
airplanes and ' tanks, of guns and electrical
equipment, of ships and ordnance, had been
springing up. The building of an American
aj-my was planned, and the plans were begin-
ning to be carried out. The successful defense
of Britain, which kept the Nazi menace from
our own shores, bought us a year's time in which
to work — an inestimable gift. I believe history
will record that we made good use of that time.
The continued resistance of China to Japanese
aggression, in which we were able to help, gave
check to the ambitions of the Japanese to become
partners in crime with the German invasion.

In the summer of 1940 there was laid on the

shoulders of two men. President Roosevelt and
Mr. Cordell Hull, one of the greatest burdens of
wliich history has record. We had still to
build — and still have to build — the embattled
might of the United States. We had to do this
in conjunction with the effort of a multitude of
free peoples to resist the most ruthless attacks
on their countries and their homes. We had to
supply the hope and the arms, and we had, mean-
while, to make America conscious of her huge
task in the history of the times, and to equip her
for the great but terrible work of reestablishing
a humane world.

Specifically, thei-e was assigned to Mr. Hull
the task of holding, in time of peace, not merely
the American Hemisphere but also all that was
left of France and of French Africa, of holding
at bay the Japanese ambition, and of providing
uninterrupted supply lines for Great Britain.
Presently, in tlie spring of 1941. this country was
called upon to assist in the supplying of Russia.

We had no doubts as to the task. We had
reason to believe early in 1941 that the Germans
planned the conquest of Russia, and we gave the
Russians warning of this fact. We had reason
to believe that Japan planned war and that she
would engage in it against us whenever the
United States ceased to supply her with certain
materials. And we had no doubt whatever that
as soon as Japan declared war on the United
States, war with Germany followed as a matter
of course.

During the anxious months of 1940 and 1941,
we spent an inordinate amount of time endeav-
oring to convince the American people of the
grave and imminent danger. Opinion in the
country was divided. Some were blind and
could not see; some were prejudiced and would
not see. A small group drank at the poisoned
well of enemy propaganda. Meanwhile, some of
us were engaged in the most difficult calculations
as to the best use of time. It was in the nature
of a race between our armament program, which
happily in the year 1941 was making great
strides, and the necessity of meeting an issue,
which meant in cold fact joining the British, the
Chinese, and the other free nations in defense of
civilization and world-order.

FEBRUARY 21, 194 2

171

With consummate skill Secretary Hull suc-
ceeded in maintaining every position for which
America stood, from the crucial and critical
days of the fall of France in 1940, when we had
not an atom of defense, to the day of infamy in
December of 1941, when the Japanese with un-
rivalled treachery attacked Pearl Harbor, a
short time after Mr. Hull had given notice that
war was imminent and might be expected at any
time. During that period he had completed his
great assignment. The remainder of France
and Africa was kept out of Axis hands. The
great sea lanes had been kept open. Effective
aid had been dispatched to China. The Western
Hemisphere had been knit together. Tlie outer
fortresses of Iceland, Greenland, the Atlantic
islands, had been fortified. The British had
been assisted with munitions which enabled
them to hold the great Mediteiranean gateway
of Suez and to maintain a free and unconquered
Arabia. Eussia had pi-ovided so magnificent a
defense that the German plan for the conquest
of Europe had failed before Moscow in Novem-
ber of 1941, and our own supplies were on the
way to Russian ports. Most important of all,
America was awake and was reaching for her
arms.

With the attack on Pearl Harbor, the war
became world-wide.

Had we been given the inestimable gift of
another year to bring the United States to full
war strength, we might have been spared the
dangerous and difficult days through which we
are passing now and which we must expect will
continue for a considerable jseriod of time. Yet
it is possible that had America's entry into the
war been delayed, the American people might
have been dulled or drugged by propaganda into
quiescence and might have found themselves
alone with their backs to the wall in a world of
enemies. We shall never know as to that, and
perhaps the knowledge is not important. Ac-
tually, the attack in the east and in the west
has roused the country to a point where it is
prepared to accept every effort and every sacri-
fice.

This is not a war in which we jiropose merely
to defend. It is a war in which we propose to
conquer.

The frame of the victory we propose to win is
already made by the great association of peoples
comprehended within the United Nations. Vic-
tory, when it comes, will be a people's victory.
The fruits of the victory will be available to
every free people throughout the world.

The process of preparing the great movement
to reestablish civilized life must be the forging
of a unified effort by the 26 nations already mem-
bers of the Declaration by United Nations with
those other nations and peoples which take their
place beside them. Never in history have so
many great peoples spoken a common tongue.
There are now associated in active war effort
the gi-eat masses of Asia, represented by China
and by India ; the great peoples of Europe, rep-
resented by Russia and by Britain ; the far-flung
brotherhood of the British Commonwealth of
Nations; and already many members of the
American family of nations. Even the popula-
tions of our enemies know in their hearts that
they have moi'e to hope from a victory by the
United Nations than from success of their own
rapacious and barbaric masters. Truly, we can
say that the United States has become a stand-
ard-bearer for the peoples of the world. The
great combination has taken form. No tem-
porary military success can obscure the great
reality. The free peoples are one in a common
effort.

For us, the United States, these events have a
profound meaning. We can no longer think of
ourselves as a supply base. Our task is not con-
fined to supplying tools. Our work is more
than that of making guns and planes and tanks.
Winning the war is now America's job.

The peace-loving nations are thus well along
the road to the vast organization of war.
Equally, the ideas which will dominate the
vaster and more permanent organization of
peace are already appearing.

We are not captives of outworn ideas. We
early solved the question of becoming inde-
pendent of commercial notions. The lease-
lend policy was a blunt recognition of the fact
that money and finance are servants and not
masters. We are learning the technique of put-
ting goods where they are needed, for the simple
reason that need overrides economic prejudice.

172

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

We are already pledged to supply initial relief
and eventual reconstruction when arms are
finally laid down and submerged nations are
liberated. In the Western Hemisphere and
within the United Nations we are gaining the
experience by which good neighbors can assure
to each other a fuller and safer life. We have
learned these principles and are practicing them
not only in great tilings but in smaller and
individual situations.

As the vast tide of history pushes forward,
all of us are finding our place in it. History
is not made at great capitals. It is made at
every place in the world where the strong, new
spirit brings added vision, and men think and
act accordingly.

The smallest community which gets together
a committee, works out plans for meeting its
own problems, and is making its own contri-
bution, may show the way to the country and
to the world.

An individual businessman adapting his plant
to wartime needs, and making plans to turn it
again to peaceful use when the war is over, is
making history on the spot.

Tlie men who abandon the little privileges
and the petty ambitions to show the way in a
more powerful effort have as secure a place in
the chronicle as the men in khaki or in navy
blue.

In a struggle as vast as this, the close organi-
zation of each community by itself, for itself,
and for the entire effort is essential. Com-
munity effort gives standing proof that all
America contributes its part. It is the great
guaranty that free men are masters of the war —
and that war does not become the master of free
men.

We have been challenged on all fronts. We
have been told that our civilization is weak; we
are proving that it is the strongest ever built.
We have been told that free men cannot unite,
but we are speaking with one mighty voice.
Our enemies tell us that the free mind is selfish
and worthless. We are proving that free men,
looking upward, can do more, endure more, fight
harder, last longer, and come through trium-
phant long after the slave armies have dis-
appeared.

It is not unlikely that we shall go through
dark hours. You are to remember that the
enemy was many years building an offensive,
while we were talking the language of justice
and honor. His offensive is not yet spent. It
has been wounded somewhat, but every signal
points to the opening of a campaign in the
spring inspired by the desperate knowledge that
our enemies, if they do not swiftly win, will
spend themselves and drag out a ghastly period
while the rising force of free nations engulfs
them. We shall need steady nerves and stout
hearts as the full tide of battle develops itself
in the coming months. We shall have to fight in
many areas and on many fronts.

We shall have to work as we never worked
before. We shall have to drive ourselves
through every task, knowing that men's lives
depend on its swift fulfilment. No doubt we
shall make mistakes and we shall have to cor-
rect those mistakes. We shall harden our
muscles and strengthen our minds, and above all,
be brave in our spirits, knowing that after the
darkness there comes, at length, the great light.

American Republics

AGREEMENT BETWEEN BOLIVIAN GOV-
ERNMENT AND STANDARD OIL COM-
PANY

[Released to the press February 16]

The Bolivian Govenmient has announced that
it reached an agreement on January 27, 1942 with
the Standard Oil Company of Bolivia and the
Standard Oil Company (New Jersey), which
settled the long-standing dispute concerning oil
properties and related matters in Bolivia. The
text of the agreement, signed by Anze Matienzo,
Bolivian Minister of Foreign Relations, and
H. A. Metzger, President of the Standard Oil
Company of Bolivia and representative of the
Standard Oil Company (New Jersey) follows:

"The Government of Bolivia will pay to the
Standard Oil Company (New Jersey) the sum
of $1,500,000, United States Currency, at the
State Department in Washington, for the sale of

FEBRUARY 21, 1942

all of its rights, interests and properties in
Bolivia and those of its subsidiary, Standard Oil
Company of Bolivia, as they existed immedi-
ately prior to March 13, 1937 and likewise for the
sale of its existing maps and geological studies
which are the result of its explorations in Bo-
livia. This payment will be made with interest
at the rate of three percent per annum, from
March 13, 1937, within ninety days from the
date of the Supreme Resolution of the Republic
of Bolivia putting this Agreement into effect.

"The Government of Bolivia, the Standard Oil
Company (New Jersey), and the Standard Oil
Company of Bolivia declare that upon the pay-
ment of the amounts referred to immediately
above, no issue will remain pending between
them and that tliere will be no occasion for any
claims or counter-claims of whatsoever charac-
ter, since the fulfillment of the present agree-
ment, which has been freely entered into, shall be
regarded as having terminated satisfactorily
and amicably all the differences between the
Bolivian Govermnent and the companies.

"Signed in duplicate in Spanish and English
at Eio de Janeiro, Brazil, on January 27, 1942."

Australasia

PRESENTATION OF LETTERS OF CRE-
DENCE BY THE MINISTER OF NEW
ZEALAND

[Released to the press February 16)

The remarks of the newly appointed Minister
of New Zealand, Mr. Walter Nash, upon the oc-
casion of the presentation of his letters of
credence, follow :

"Mr. President:

"I have the honour in presenting to you to-
day letters by which the King, my Sovereign,
accredits me to be His Majesty's Envoy Ex-
traordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary with
the special object of representing in the United

173

States the interests of the Dominion of New
Zealand. In doing so, I am commanded by His
Majesty to convey to you his hope that the ap-
pointment of a Minister especially charged with
representing New Zealand affairs, will result in
strengthening the friendly relations between the
United States, the Dominion of New Zealand,
and the British Commonwealth of Nations.

"On belialf of His Majesty's Government in
the Dominion of New Zealand and of the people
of New Zsaland, I desire to convey to you their
fraternal greetings for your personal happiness
and for the prosperity and well-being of the
nation over whose destinies you preside.

"We are grateful to you and your people for
the splendid assistance and cooperation which
has been and is being given in the fight for the
freedom of the democracies.

"The New Zealand Government also feels that
the establishment of a Legation in Washington
will tend towards the strengthening of the good-
will which already exists between our two coun-
tries, and no effort on my part will be spared in
fostering this objective — and I may assure you
that the Government and the people of New
Zealand, who so enthusiastically welcomed the
appointment of a Minister in the Dominion, are
looking forward to his safe arrival and sojourn
in New Zealand which we feel will not only be
a happy one but of immense value and help in
these critical days.

"I look forward to meeting your people in the
United States and the establishment of friendly
and cordial relations to the mutual benefit of
our two countries and the Commonwealth of
Nations as a whole."

The President's reply to the remarks of Mr.
Walter Nash follows :

"Mr. Minister :

"I am very happy to welcome you to Wash-
ington and to accept from your hands the let-
ters which accredit you as His Majesty's Envoy
Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
with the special object of representing in the
United States the interests of the Dominion of
New Zealand.

174

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

"I greatly appreciate the friendly personal
greetings and the expression of good wishes for
the iJeople of the United States which you have
just conveyed to me from your Government.
May I in turn take this occasion to reaflSrm the
warm friendly feeling of myself and the Ameri-
can people for the people of New Zealand and
of the whole British Commonwealth of Nations.
1 share to the utmost your confident hope that
your presence in the United States and the
presence of an American Minister in New Zea-
land will further strengthen the good-will which
already exists between our two countries and
between the United States and the British Com-
monwealth as a whole.

"Both the United States and New Zealand
are Pacific Powers and the interests of our two

countries are inextricably woven together. The
spread of wanton Axis aggression has only
drawn our countries closer together and made
us more conscious of our interdependence. Our
countries have pledged themselves, along with
all other United Nations, to employ our full re-
sources in the defeat of Axis aggressors. We
shall not falter until the task is complete and
our freedom made secure.

"You are no stranger in Washington and I
welcome this opportunity of renewing our ac-
quaintance. Let me assure you that in all your
work here you may always count upon my full
cooperation and the cooperation of the State
Department and other agencies of tliis Govern-
ment."

Commercial Policy

EXCHANGE OF NOTES REGARDING TRADE AGREEMENT WITH HAITI

[Released to the press February 20]

In a note dated February 19 from the Ameri-
can Minister at Port-au-Prince to the Haitian
Minister of Foreign Affairs, in reply to a note
from the latter dated February 16, the Govern-
m.ent of the United States has agreed not to
invoke the pertinent provisions of the trade
agreement with Haiti, signed on March 28, 1935,
for the purpose of claiming the benefit of reduc-
tions in customs duties which may be accorded
by Haiti to the Dominican Republic in respect
of a restricted number of products specifically
provided for in the Treaty of Commerce be-
tween Haiti and the Dominican Republic signed
on August 26, 1941, which has not yet entered
into force.

The products concerned are as follows : Leaf
tobacco and cigars; live cattle, horses, and
mules; animals for slaughter; corn; toilet and
laundry soap; perfumery and toilet articles;
lard; peanuts and peanut oil; butter; cheese;
rice, up to 3,000 quintals (300,000 pounds) an-
nually ; straw hats ; preserved and refrigerated

meats; matches; beer; ungimaed cotton; fight-
ing cocks ; skins ; and curried hides. Imports of
these products into Haiti from the United
States accounted in the year 1939/40 (October
1-September 30) for only about 8 percent of
Haiti's total imports from the United States in
that year.

The texts of the notes exchanged are as fol-
lows:

Translation of note from the Miiiister of For-
eign Affairs of Haiti to the American Minister
to Haiti

I have the honor to refer to the trade agree-
ment entered into between Haiti and the United
States of March 28, 1935, and particularly to the
provisions thereof setting forth the principle of
unconditional most-favored-nation treatment as
the basis of commercial relations between our
two countries.

The Goverimient of Haiti adheres firmly to
the principle of promoting the multilateral de-
velopment of international trade on the uncon-

FEBRUARY 21, 194 2

175

ditional most-favored-nation basis. However,
as the Government of the United States is aware,
tliere are special and unusual conditions affect-
ing trade between Haiti and the Dominican Ke-
public which arise out of their exceptional geo-
graphic situation. With a view to fostering
closer economic relations between these two
contiguous countries, a Treaty of Commerce be-
tween Haiti and the Dominican Republic was
signed on August 26, 1941. This treaty pro-
vides among other things for reductions in
Haitian customs duties on a specified list of
products imported from the Dominican Repub-
lic, which reductions are intended to be ap-
plicable exclusively to the latter country.

In this connection, I have the honor to refer
to the contractual formula for tariff preferences
to contiguous countries recommended by the
Inter-American Financial and Economic Ad-
visory Committee. On September 18, 1941, the
Committee recommended that any such tariff
preferences, in order to be an instrument for
sound promotion of trade, should be made ef-
fective through trade agreements embodying
tariff reductions or exemptions; that the parties
to such agi'eements should reserve the right to
reduce or eliminate the customs duties on like
imports from other countries ; and that any such
regional tariff preferences should not be per-
mitted to stand in the way of any broad program
of economic reconstruction involving the reduc-
tion of tariffs and the scaling down or elimina-
tion of tariff and other trade preferences with a
view to the fullest possible development of in-
ternational trade on a multilateral, uncondi-
tional most-favored-nation basis.

I have the honor to inquire whether the Gov-
ernment of the United States, in the light of the
foregoing considerations, will agi-ee not to in-
voke the provisions of the first paragi-aph of
Article VII of the trade agreement of March 28,
1935 for the purpose of claiming the benefit of
the tariff preferences to the Dominican Republic
specificallj' provided for in the Treaty of Com-
merce signed on August 26, 1941, which tariff
preferences are considered by my Government
to meet the requirements of the aforementioned

formula recommended by the Inter-American
Financial and Economic Advisory Committee.
Accejit [etc.]

Note of re-ply from the American Minister to
Haiti to the Minuter of Foreign Affairs of
Haiti

I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt
of Your Excellency's note of today's date in
which you reiterate the adherence of your Gov-
ernment to the principle of promoting the multi-
lateral development of international trade on
the unconditional most-favored-nation basis and
refer to the exclusive tariff reductions to the
Dominican Republic specifically jarovided for in
the Treaty of Commerce between Haiti and that
country signed on August 26, 1941. In this con-
nection you mention the contractual formula for
tariff preferences to contiguous countries recom-
mended on September 18, 1941 by the Inter-
American Financial and Economic Advisory
Committee, and inquire whether, in view of the
Committee's recommendation and considering
the special and unusual conditions affecting
trade between Haiti and the Dominican Repub-
lic, my Government would be willing to refrain
from claiming, under the provisions of the trade
agreement between our two countries of March
28, 1935, the benefit of the tariff preferences to
the Dominican Republic specifically provided
for in the Treaty of Commerce.

I have the honor to inform Your Excellency
that my Government, in view of the considera-
tions set forth, agrees not to invoke the pertinent
j^rovisions of the trade agreement for the pur-
pose of claiming the benefit of such tariff
preferences.

Accept [etc.]

Regulations

Regulations Relating to Property Vested in the Secre-
tary of the Treasury Pursuant to Section 5 (b) of the
Trading With the Enemy Act, as Amended. Febru-
ary 16, 1942. (Treasury Department.) 7 Federal
Register 1021.

The Foreign Service

PROMOTIONS

[Released to the press February 17]

The following Foreign Service officers have
been promoted in the Foreign Service :

From class II to class I:

George L. Brandt, of the District of Columbia

From class III to class II:

Ralph H. Ackerman, of California

J. Webb Benton, of Pennsylvania

Edward M. Groth, of New York

H. Lawrence Groves, of Pennsylvania

Donald R. Heath, of Kansas

James Hugh Keeley, Jr., of California

Alfred W. Klieforth, of Pennsylvania

Thomas H. Lockett, of Kentucky

Robert B. Macatee, of Virginia

Hugh Millard, of Nebraska

Orsen N. Nielsen, of Wisconsin

Daniel J. Reagan, of the District of Columbia

Harold S. Tewell, of North Dakota

From class IV to class III:

George Atcheson, Jr., of California

Merwin L. Bohan, of Texas

J. Rives Childs, of Virginia

Charles E. Dickerson, Jr., of New Jersey

Julian B. Foster, of Alabama

Clayton Lane, of California

James E. lIcKenna, of Massachusetts

Paul G. Minneman, of Ohio

Paul O. Nyhus, of Wisconsin

Karl L. Rankin, of Maine

Leo D. Sturgeon, of Illinois

Clifford C. Taylor, of Colorado

John Carter Vincent, of Georgia

From class V to class IV:

George R. Canty, of Massachusetts
Robert G. Glover, of Florida
Julian C. Greenup, of California
George J. Haering, of New York
Joel C. Hudson, of Missouri
Charles W. Lewis, Jr., of Michigan
Lester De Witt Mallory, of California
Quincy F. Roberts, of Texas
James Somerville, of Mississippi

176

Paul P. Steintorf, of Virginia

Howard H. Tewksbury, of Massachusetts

S. Walter Washington, of West Virginia

From class VI to class V:

Richard M. de Lambert, of New Mexico
Samuel G. Ebling, of Ohio
George R. Hukill, of Delaware
Benjamin M. Hulley, of Florida
Paul W. Meyer, of Colorado
Sheldon T. Mills, of Oregon
Sidney E. O'Douoghue, of New Jersey
James B. Pilcher, of Georgia
Robert B. Streeper, of Ohio

From class VII to class VI:

Stuart Allen, of Minnesota

John M. Allison, of Nebraska

Cavendish W. Cannon, of Utah

William P. Cochran, Jr., of Pennsylvania

Edmund J. Dorsz, of Michigan

Dorsey Gassaway Fisher, of Maryland

Frederic C. Fornes, Jr., of New York

Archibald E. Gray, of Pennsylvania

Bernard Gufler, of Washington

Monroe B. Hall, of New York

Thomas A. Hickok, of New York

Perry N. Jester, of Virginia

George D. LaMont, of New York

Edward S. Maney, of Texas

Ralph Miller, of New York

Gerald A. Mokma, of Iowa

Guy W. Ray, of Alabama

Willard Quincy Stanton, of Montana

Walter N. Walmsley, Jr., of Maryland

From class VIII to class VII:

Mulford A. Colebrook, of New York

Charles A. Cooper, of Nebraska

Frederick J. Cunningham, of Massachusetts

Overton G. Ellis, Jr., of Washington

Howard Elting, Jr., of Illinois

Frederick E. Farnsworth, of Colorado

L. Randolph Hlggs, of Mississippi

Beppo R. Johansen, of Florida

George Lewis Jones, Jr., of Maryland

Charles F. Knox, Jr., of New Jersey

E. Allan Lightner, Jr., of New Jersey

FEBRUARY 21, 194 2

177

Walter J. Linthlcum, of Maryland
Aubrey E. Lippincott, of Arizona
Odin G. Loren, of Washington
Robert Mills McClintock, of California
Carniel Offie, of Pennsylvania
Walter W. Orebaugli, of Kansas
W. Leonard Parker, of New York
Max W. Schmidt, of Iowa

From unclassified to class VIII:

John L. Bankhead, of Florida

M. Williams Blake, of Ohio

Thomas S. Campen, of North Carolina

David M. Clark, of Pennsylvania

Perry Ellis, of California

James Espy, of Ohio

Richard D. Gatewood, of New York

John L. Goshle, of New York

John Hubner, 2d, of Maryland

John D. Jernegau, of California

Hartwell Johnson, of South Carolina

Robert B. Memminger, of South Carolina

Charles S. Millet, of New Hampshire

Miss Kathleen Molesworth, of Texas

Bolard More, of Ohio

Brewster H. Morris, of Pennsylvania

Jack B. Neathery, of Texas

Miss Katherine E. O'Connor, of Indiana

B. Edward Schefer, of New York

Charles O. Thompson, of Alaska

S. Roger Tyler, Jr., of West Virginia

Philip P. Williams, of California

Robert E. Wilson, of Arizona

To be Foreign Service officers, unclassified, vice consuls
of career, and secretaries in the Diplomatic Service
of the United States:

Alvin M. Bentley, of Michigan
Byron E. Blankinshlp, of New York
D. Chadwick Braggiotti, of New York
Robert M. Brandin, of New York
William C. Burdett, Jr., of Georgia
Findley Burns, Jr., of Maryland
Robert E. Cashin, of Missouri
Forrest N. Daggett, of California
Frederick W. Eyssell, of Missouri
Douglas N. Forman, Jr., of Massachusetts
Michael R. Gannett, of New York
Joseph N. Greene, Jr., of Massachusetts
Henry Hanson, Jr., of Connecticut
Douglas Henderson, of Massachusetts
Armistead M. Lee, of Virginia
Duane B. Lueders, of Minnesota
LaRue E. Lutkins, of New York

Oliver M. Marey, of Massachusetts
James L. O'Sullivan, of Connecticut
Albert E. Pappano, of Missouri
Henry L. Pitts, Jr., of New York
William S. Rosenberg, of New York
Joseph S. Sparks, of California
Leslie Albion Squires, of California
Walter J. Stoessel, Jr., of California
Jewell Truex, of California
Richard E. Usher, of Wisconsin
Theodore C. Weber, of Massachusetts
William L. S. Williams, of Wisconsin

From unclassified B to unclassified A

Niles W. Bond
William O. Boswell
Charles R. Burrows
V. Lan.sing Collins. 2d
Arthur B. Emmons, 3d
Nicholas Feld
William N. Fraleigh
Fulton Freeman
John C. Fuess
Boies C. Hart, Jr.
Richard H. Hawkins, Jr.
Roger L. Heacock
Martin J. Hillenbrand
Hungerford B. Howard
Delano McKelvey
Robert C. Strong

From unclassified C to unclassified li

Charles W. Adair, Jr.

H. Gardner Ainsworth

Stewart G. Anderson

Leonard J. Cromie

W. William Duff

Irven M. Eitreim

C. Vaughan Ferguson, Jr.

Richard E. Gnade

Bartloy P. Gordon

Scott Lyon

John M. McSweeney

Claude G. Ross

Robert Rossow, Jr.

W. Horton Schoellkopf, Jr.

Harry H. Schwartz

Bromley K. Smith

Henry T. Smith

John L. Topping

John W. TuthiU

Fred E. Waller

Andrew B. Wardlaw

Livingston D. Watrous

Fraser Wilkins

Treaty Information

FLORA AND FAUNA

Convention on Nature Protection and Wildlife
Preservation in the Western Hemisphere

Dominican Republic

The American Minister at Ciudad Trujillo
reported by a despatch dated January 22, 1942
that the Dominican Government had approved
the Convention on Nature Protection and Wild-
life Preservation in the Western Hemisphere,
which was opened for signature at the Pan
American Union on October 12, 1940. The
resolution of the Dominican Congress approv-
ing the convention was published in the Gaceta
Oficial 5693 for January 12, 1942.

DIPLOMATIC OFFICERS
Pan American Convention

Haiti

By a letter dated February 13, 1942 the Direc-
tor General of the Pan American Union in-
formed the Secretary of State that the instru-
ment of ratification by Haiti of the Convention
on Diijlomatic Officers, signed at the Sixth In-
ternational Conference of American States in
Habana, February 20, 1928, was deposited with
the Union on January 31, 1942. The instrument
of ratification is dated December 30, 1941.

Compiled in the Treaty Division

Adjustment and Settlement of Certain Out-
standing Claims between the United States and
Mexico, which was signed at Washington on
November 19, 1941. The decree was published
in the Diario Oficial for January 30, 1942.

The countries which have deposited ratifica-
tions of this convention are Brazil, Chile, Co-
lombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic,
Ecuador, Haiti, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama,
Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela.

CLAIMS
Convention With Mexico

Tlie Ajnerican Embassy at Mexico City trans-
mitted to the Department with a despatch dated
February 2, 1942 a copy and translation of a de-
cree signed by the President of Mexico on Jan-
uary 7, 1942, approving the Convention for the
178

PETROLEUM PROPERTIES

Agreement With Mexico Regarding Compensa-
tion for Expropriated Petroleum Properties

The American Embassy at Mexico City trans-
mitted to the Secretary of State with a despatch
dated February 2, 1942 a copy and translation
of a decree signed by the President of Mexico
on January 7, 1942 approving the agreement
effected by an exchange of notes dated Novem-
ber 19, 1941, with reference to compensating the
nationals of the United States of America whose
properties, rights, or interests in the petroleum
industry in the United Mexican States were af-
fected by acts of expropriation or otherwise by
the Government of Mexico subsequent to March
17, 1938. The decree was published in the
Diario Oficial for January 28, 1942.

The agreement M-ill shortly be printed as Ex-
ecutive Agreement Series 234.

OPIUM AND OTHER DANGEROUS DRUGS
International Conventions of 1925 and 1931

Belgian Congo; Ruanda-Urundi

By two circular letters, each dated January
8, 1942, the Acting Secretary General of the
League of Nations informed the Secretary of
State that the notifications of adherence by the
Belgian Government in respect of the Belgian
Congo and the Mandated Territory of Ruanda-
Urundi to the International Opium Convention
signed February 19, 1925, and to the Conven-
tion for Limiting the Manufacture and Regu-
lating the Distribution of Narcotic Drugs,
signed July 13, 1931, were registered with the
Secretariat on December 17, 1941.

FEBRUARY 21, 1942

179

COMMERCE

Trade Agreement With Haiti

The texts of an exchange of notes between the
American Minister to Haiti and the Haitian
Minister of Foreign Affairs regarding the appli-
cation of certain provisions of the trade agrt^e-
nient signed by the United States and Haiti on
March 28, 1935 (Executive Agreement Series
78), appear in this Bulletin under tlie heading
"Commercial Policy".

Legislation

Joint Resolution making an appropriation to provide
financial aid to China. Approved February 12, 1942.
[H. J. Res. 278.] Public Law 452, 77th Cong. 1 p.

Department of State Appropriation Bill for 1943: Hear-
ings Before the Subcommittee of the Committee on
Appropriations, House of Representatives, 77th Cong.,
2d sess. 543 pp.

State, Justice, Commerce, and the Judiciary Appropria-
tion Bill, Fiscal Year 1943. H. Rept. 1771, 77th Cong.,
on H.R. 6599. 65 pp.

Amending Section 7 of the Neutrality Act of 1939. H.
Rept. 1776, 77th Cong., on S.J. Res. 133. 3 pp.

Fifth Supplemental National Defense Ajipropriation
Bill for 1942 :

Hearings Before Subcommittees of the Committee
on Appropriations, House of Representatives,
77th Cong., 2d sess. [lend-lease, pp. 123-199].
204 pp.

H. Rept. 1790, 77th Cong., on H.R. 6611. 18 pp.

Planting of Guayule and Other Rubber-Bearing Plants —
Veto Message [returning, without approval, S. 2152
and recommending that action be taken on a similar
bill not limited to U. S. but applicable to all American
republics.] S. Doc. 182, 77th Cong. 3 pp.

Guayule Rubber. S. Rept. 1099 on S. 2282 [providing
for planting of rubber-bearing plants in the Western
Hemisphere]. 8 pp.

Publications

Department of State

Additional Temporary Diversion for Power Purposes
of Waters of the Niagara River Above the Falls:
Supplementary Arrangement Between the United
States and Canada — Effected by exchanges of notes
signed at Washington October 27 and November 27,
1941 ; approved by the President November 27, 1941.
Executive Agreement Series 223. Publication 1678.
5 pp. 5^.

Cooperative Rubber Investigations in Costa Rica :
Agreement Between the United States of America
and Costa Rica, and Additional Note — Agreement ef-
fected by exchange of notes signed April 19 and June
16, 1941 ; effective June 16, 1941. Executive Agree-
ment Series 222. Publication 1690. 14 pp. 5«!.

Other Government Agencies

The St. Lawrence Survey, Part VII : Summary Report
of the St. Lawrence Survey Including the National
Defense Aspects of the St. Lawrence Project. (De-
partment of Commerce.) viii, 147 pp., maps.

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C. — Price, 10 cents - - - - Subscription price, $2.75 a year

PUBLISHED WEEKLT WITH THE APPEOVAL OF THE DIRECTOK OF THE BUBBAU OF THE BDDGET

THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE

BULL

■^ nn

riN

FEBRUARY 28, 1942
Vol. VI, No. 140— Publication 1700

ontents

The War p^^^
Radio address by the President of the United States on

Washington's birthday 183

Relations with the French Government at Vichy . . . 189

Mutual-aid agreement with Great Britain 190

Americans in the Far East 192

Rescue of personnel of United States ships by people

of St. Lawrence, Newfoundland 193

Joint Mexican - United States Defense Commission . . 193

American Republics

Settlement of Peru- Ecuador boundary dispute;

Resolution of Peruvian Congress 194

Statement by the Acting Secretary of State .... 194
Protocol of Peace, Friendship, and Boundaries . . . 195

Australasia

Opening of direct radiotelegraph circuit with New Zea-
land 196

The Foreign Service

Personnel changes 197

Publications 198

Treaty Information

Flora and fauna: Convention on Nature Protection
and Wildlife Preservation in the Western Hemi-
sphere 198

Mutual guaranties: Mutual- Aid Agreement With Great

Britain 198

Boundaries: Protocol of Peace, Friendship, and Bound-
aries Between Ecuador and Peru 199

Legislation 199

Regulations 199

U;S.SUPERINTFNDENTOFDOCW«ENT»

MAR 21 1942

The War

RADIO ADDRESS BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES
ON WASHINGTON'S BIRTHDAY '

[Released to the press by the White House February 23]

Washington's Birthday is a most appropri-
ate occasion for us to talk with each other
about things as they are today and things as
we know they shall be in the future.

For eight years General Washington and his
Continental Army were faced continually with
formidable odds and recurring defeats. Sup-
plies and equipment were lacking. In a sense,
every winter was a Valley Forge. Throughout
the 13 States there existed fifth columnists —
selfish men, jealous men, fearful men, who pro-
claimed that Washington's cause was hopeless,
that he should ask for a negotiated peace.

Washington's conduct in those hard times
has provided the model for all Americans ever
since — a model of moral stamina. He held to
his course as it had been charted in the Declara-
tion of Independence. He and the brave men
who served with him knew that no man's life
or fortune was secure without freedom and free
institutions.

The present great struggle has taught us
increasingly that freedom of person and secu-
rity of property anywhere in the world depend
upon the security of the rights and obligations
of liberty and justice everywhere in the world.

This war is a new kind of war. It is different
from all other wars of the past, not only in its
methods and weapons but also in its geography.
It is warfare in terms of every continent, every
island, every sea, every air-lane in the world.

That is the reason why I have asked you to
take out and spread before you the map of the
whole earth and to follow with me the refer-
ences which I shall make to the world-encircling

' Delivered February 23, 1942.

battle lines of this war. Many questions will,
I fear, remain unanswered, but I know you will
realize I cannot cover everything in any one
report to the peojDle.

The broad oceans which have been heralded
in the past as our protection from attack have
become endless battlefields on which we are
constantly being challenged by our enemies.

We must all understand and face the hard
fact that our job now is to fight at distances
which extend all the way around the globe.

We fight at these vast distances because that
is where our enemies are. Until our flow of
supplies gives us clear superiority we must
keep on striking our enemies wherever and
whenever we can meet them, even if, for a
while, we have to yield ground. Actually we
are taking a heavy toll of the enemy every day
that goes by.

We must fight at these vast distances to
protect our supply lines and our lines of com-
munication with our allies — protect these lines
from the enemies who are bending every ounce
of their strength, striving against time, to cut
them. The object of the Nazis and the Japa-
nese is to separate the United States, Britain,
China, and Russia, and to isolate them one
from another, so that each will be surrounded
and cut off from sources of supplies and rein-
forcements. It is the old familiar Axis policy
of "divide and conquer".

There are those who still think in terms of
the days of sailing ships. They advise us to
pull our warships and our planes and our mer-
chant-ships into our own home waters and con-
centrate solely on last-ditch defense. But let me
illustrate what would happen if we followed
such foolish advice.

183

184

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

Look at your map. Look at the vast area
of China, with its millions of fighting men.
Look at the vast area of Russia, with its pow-
erful armies and proven military might. Look
at the British Isles, Australia, New Zealand,
the Dutch Indies, India, the Near East, and
the Continent of Africa, with their resources
of raw materials and of peoples determined
to resist Axis domination. Look at North
America, Central America, and South America.

It is obvious what would happen if all these
great reservoirs of power were cut off from
each other either by enemy action or by self-
imposed isolation:

1. We could no longer send aid of any kind
to China— to the brave people who, for nearly
five years, have withstood Japanese assault, de-
stroyed hundreds of thousands of Japanese sol-
diers and vast quantities of Japanese war muni-
tions. It is essential that we help China in her
magnificent defense and in her inevitable
counter-offensive— for that is one important
element in the ultimate defeat of Japan.

2. If we lost communication with the south-
west Pacific, all of that area, including Aus-
tralia and New Zealand, would fall under Jap-
anese domination. Japan could then release
great numbers of ships and men to launch at-
tacks on a large scale against the coasts of the
Western Hemisphere, including Alaska. At the
same time, she could immediately extend her
conquests to India, and through the Indian
Ocean, to Africa and the Near East.

3. If we were to stop sending munitions to
the British and the Russians in the Mediter-
ranean and Persian Gulf areas, we would help
the Nazis to overrun Turkey, Syria, Iraq, Per-
sia, Egypt and the Suez Canal, the whole coast
of North Africa, and the whole coast of West
Africa — putting Germany within easy striking
distance of South America.

4. If, by such a fatuous policy, we ceased to
protect the North Atlantic supply line to Britain
and to Russia, we would help to cripple the
splendid counter-offensive by Russia against the
Nazis, and we would help to deprive Britain of
essential food supplies and munitions.

Those Americans who believed that we could
live under the illusion of isolationism wanted
the American eagle to imitate the tactics of the
ostrich. Now, many of those same people,
afraid that we may be sticking our necks out,
want our national bird to be turned into a
turtle. But we prefer to retain the eagle as it
is — flying high and striking hard.

I know that I speak for the mass of the Amer-
ican people when I say that we reject the turtle
policy and will continue increasingly the policy
of carrying the war to the enemy in distant
lands and distant waters — as far as possible
from our own home grounds.

There are four m^in lines of communication
now being traveled by our ships : The North At-
lantic, the South Atlantic, the Indian Ocean,
and the South Pacific. These routes are not one-
way streets — for the ships which carry our
troops and munitions out-bound bring back es-
sential raw materials which we require for our
own use.

The maintenance of these vital lines is a very
tough job. It is a job which requires tremen-
dous daring, tremendous resourcefulness, and,
above all, tremendous production of planes and
tanks and giins and of the ships to carry them.
And I speak again for the American people
when I say that we can and will do that job.

The defense of the world-wide lines of com-
munication demands relatively safe use by us
of the sea and of the air along the various
routes ; and this, in turn, depends upon control
by the United Nations of the strategic bases
along those routes.

Control of the air involves the simultaneous
use of two types of planes— first, the long-range
heavy bombers ; and, second, light bombers, dive
bombers, torpedo planes, and short-range pur-
suit planes, which are essential to the protec-
tion of the bases and of the bombers them-
selves.

Hea\'7 bombers can fly under their own power
from here to the southwest Pacific, but the
smaller planes cannot. Therefore, these lighter
planes have to be packed in crates and sent on
board cargo ships. Look at your map again, and
you will see that the route is long — and at many

FEBRUARY 2 8, 1942

185

places perilous — either across the South Atlantic
around south Africa or from California to the
East Indies direct. A vessel can make a round
trip by eitlier route in about four months, or only
three round trips in a whole year.

In spite of the length and difficulties of this
transportation, I can tell you that we already
have a large number of bombers and pursuit
planes, manned by American pilots, which are
now in daily contact with the enemy in the south-
west Pacific. And thousands of American troops
are today in that area engaged in operations not
only in the air but on the ground as well.

In this battle area Japan has had an obvious
initial advantage. For she could fly even her
short-range planes to the points of attack by us-
ing many stepping-stones open to her — bases in
a nudtitude of Pacific islands and also bases on
the China, Indochina, Thailand, and Malay
coasts. Japanese troop transports could go south
from Japan and China through the narrow
China Sea, wliich can be protected by Japanese
planes throughout its whole length.

I ask you to look at your maps again, particu-
larly at that portion of the Pacific Ocean lying
west of Hawaii. Before this war even started,
the Philippine Islands were already surrounded
on three sides by Japanese power. On the west
the Japanese were in possession of the coast of
China and the coast of Indochina, which had
been yielded to them by the Vichy French. On
the north are the islands of Japan themselves,
reaching down almost to northern Luzon. On
the east are the mandated islands, which Japan
had occupied exclusively and had fortified in
absolute violation of her written word.

These islands, hundreds of them, appear only
as small dots on most maps, but they cover a
large strategic area. Guam lies in the middle
of them — a lone outpost which we never
fortified.

Under the Washington Treaty of 1921 we
had solemnly agreed not to add to the fortifica-
tion of the Philippine Islands. We had no safe
naval base there, so we could not use the islands
for extensive naval operations.

Immediately after this war started, the Japa-
nese forces moved down on either side of the

Philippines to numerous points south of them —
thereby completely encircling the Islands from
north, south, east, and west.

It is that complete encirclement, with control
of the air by Japanese land-based aircraft,
M-hich has prevented us from sending substan-
tial reinforcements of men and material to the
gallant defenders of the Philippines. For 40
years it has always been our strategj- — a strategy
born of necessity — that in the event of a full-
scale attack on the Islands by Japan, we should
fight a delaying action, attempting to retire
slowly into Bataan Peninsula and Corregidor.

We knew that the war as a whole would have
to be fought and won by a process of attrition
against Japan itself. We knew all along that
with our gi'eater resources we could outbuild
Japan and ultimately overwhelm her on sea, on
land, and in the air. We knew that to obtain
our objective many varieties of operations
would be necessary in areas other than the
Philippines.

Nothing that has occurred in the past two
months has caused us to revise this basic
strategy — except that the defense put up by
General MacArthur has magnificently exceeded
the previous estimates, and he and his men are
gaining eternal glory therefor.

MacArthur's army of Filipinos and Ameri-
cans, and the forces of the United Nations in
China, in Burma, and in the Netherlands East
Indies, are all together fulfilling the same essen-
tial task. They are making Japan pay an in-
creasingly terrible price for her ambitious at-
tempts to seize control of the whole Asiatic
world. Every Japanese transport sunk off
Java is one less transport that they can use to
carry reinforcements to their army opposing
General MacArthur in Luzon.

It has been said that Japanese gains in the
Philippines were made possible only by the
success of their surprise attack on Pearl Harbor.
I tell you that this is not so.

Even if the attack had not been made, your
map will show that it would have been a hope-
less operation for us to send the Fleet to the
Philippines through thousands of miles of
ocean while all those island bases were under
the sole control of the Japanese.

186

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

The consequences of the attack on Pearl Har-
bor — serious as they -were — have been wildly ex-
aggerated in other ways. These exaggerations
come originally from Axis propagandists, but
they have been repeated, I regret to say. by
Americans in and out of public life.

You and I have the utmost contempt for
Americans who, since Pearl Harbor, have whis-
pered or announced "off the record" that there
was no longer any Pacific Fleet — that the Fleet
was all sunk or destroyed on December sev-
enth—that more than 1,000 of our planes were
destroyed on the ground. They have suggested
slyly that the Government has withheld the
truth about casualties— that eleven or twelve
thousand men were killed at Pearl Harbor, in-
stead of the figures as officially announced.
They have even served the enemy propagandists
by spreading the incredible story that shiploads
of bodies of our honored American dead were
about to arrive in New York harbor to be put
in a common grave.

Almost every Axis broadcast directly quotes
Americans who, by speech or in the press, make
damnable misetatements such as these.

The American people realize that in many
cases details of military operations cannot be
disclosed until we are absolutely certain that the
announcement will not give to the enemy mili-
tary information which he does not already
possess.

Your Government has unmistakable confi-
dence in your ability to hear the worst without
flinching or losing heart. You must, in turn,
have complete confidence that your Government
is keeping nothing from you except information
that will help the enemy in his attempt to de-
stroy us. In a democracy there is always a
solemn pact of truth between government and
the people, but there must also always be a full
use of discretion — and that word "discretion"
applies to the critics of government as well.

This is war. The American people want to
know, and will be told, the general trend of how
the war is going. But they do not wish to help
the enemy anj^ more than our fighting forces do,
and they will pay little attention to the rumor-
mongers and poison-peddlers in our midst.

To pass from the realm of rumor and poison
to the field of facts: the number of our officers
and men killed in the attack on Pearl Harbor
on December seventh was 2,340, and the number
wounded was 946. Of all the combatant ships
based on Pearl Harbor — battleships, heavy
cruisers, light cruisers, aircraft carriers, de-
stroyers, and submarines — only three were per-
manently put out of commission.

Very many of the ships of the Pacific Fleet
were not even in Pearl Harbor. Some of those
that were there were hit very slightly, and
others that were damaged have either rejoined
the Fleet by now or are still undergoing repairs.
When those repairs are completed, the ships will
be more efficient fighting machines than they
were before.

The report that we lost more than a thousand
airplanes at Pearl Harbor is as baseless as the
other weird rumors. The Japanese do not know
just how many planes they destroyed that day,
and I am not going to tell them. But I can say
that to date — and including Pearl Harbor — we
have destroyed considerably more Japanese
planes tlian they have destroyed of ours.

We liave most certainly suffered losses — from
Hitler's U-boats in the Atlantic as well as from
the Japanese in the Pacific — and we shall suffer
more of them before the turn of the tide. But
speaking for the United States of America, let
me say once and for all to the people of the
world : We Americans have been compelled to
yield ground, but we will regain it. We and
the other United Nations are committed to the
destruction of the militarism of Japan and Ger-
many. We are daily increasing our strength.
Soon we, and not our enemies, will have the
offensive ; we, not they, will win the final bat-
tles; and we, not they, will make the final peace.
Conquered nations in Europe know what the
yoke of the Nazis is like. Ajid the people of
Korea and of Manchuria know in their flesh
the harsh despotism of Japan. All of the peo-
ple of Asia know that if there is to be an hon-
orable and decent future for any of them or
for us, that future depends on victory by the
United Nations over the forces of Axis enslave-
ment.

FEBRUARY 2 8, 1942

If a just and durable peace is to be attained,
or even if all of us are merely to save our own
skins, there is one thought for us here at home
to keep uppermost — the fulfilment of our spe-
cial task of production.

Germany, Italy, and Japan are very close to
their maximum output of planes, guns, tanks,
and sliips. The United Nations are not — espe-
cially the United States of America.

Our first job then is to build up production so
that the United Nations can maintain control
of the seas and attain control of the air — not
merely a slight superiority but an overwhelm-
ing superiority.

On January sixth of this year I set certain
definite goals of production for airplanes, tanks,
giuis, and ships. Tlie Axis propagandists
called them fantastic. Tonight, nearly two
months later, and after a careful survey of
progress b}' Donald Nelson and others charged
with responsibility for our production, I can
tell you that those goals will be attained.

In every part of the country, experts in pro-
duction and the men and women at work in the
plants are giving loyal service. With few ex-
ceptions, labor, capital, and farming realize
that this is no time either to make undue profits
or to gain special advantages, one over the
other.

We are calling for new plants and additions
to old plants and for plant conversion to war
needs. We are seeking more men and more
women to run them. AVe are working longer
hours. We are coming to realize that one extra
plane or extra tank or extra gun or extra ship
completed tomorrow may, in a few months,
turn the tide on some distant battlefield ; it may
make the difference between life and death for
some of our fighting men. We know now that
if we lose this war it will be generations or
even centuries before our conception of democ-
racy can live again. And we can lose this war
only if we slow up our efi'ort or if we waste our
ammunition sniping at each other.

Here are three high purposes for every
American :

187

1. We shall not stop work for a single day.
If any dispute arises we shall keep on working
while the dispute is solved by mediation, con-
ciliation, or arbitration — until the war is won.

2. We shall not demand special gains or spe-
cial privileges or advantages for any one group
or occupation.

3. We shall give up conveniences and modify
the routine of our lives if our country asks us to
do so. We will do it cheerfully, remembering
that the common enemy seeks to destroy every
home and every freedom in every part of our
land.

This generation of Americans has come to
realize, with a present and personal realization,
that there is something larger and more impor-
tant than the life of any individual or of any
individual group — something for which a man
will sacrifice, and gladly sacrifice, not only his
pleasures, not only his goods, not only his asso-
ciations with those he loves, but his life itself.
In time of crisis when the future is in the bal-
ance, we come to understand, with full recogni-
tion and devotion, what this Nation is and what
we owe to it.

The Axis propagandists have tried in various
evil ways to destroy our determination and our
morale. Failing in that, they are now trying
to destroy our confidence in our own allies.
They say that the British are finished — that the
Russians and the Chinese are about to quit. Pa-
triotic and sensible Americans will reject these
absurdities. And instead of listening to any of
this crude propaganda, they will recall some of
the things that Nazis and Japanese have said
and are still saying about us.

Ever since this Nation became the arsenal of
democracy — ever since enactment of Lend-
Lease — there has been one persistent theme
through all Axis propaganda.

This theme has been that Americans are ad-
mittedly rich and that Americans have consid-
erable industrial power — but that Americans
are soft and decadent, that they cannot and will
not unite and work and fight.

188

From Berlin, Rome, and Tokyo we have been
described as a nation of weaklings — "play-
boys" — who would hire British soldiers or Rus-
sian soldiers or Chinese soldiers to do our fight-
ing for us.
Let them repeat that now !
Let them tell that to General MacArthur and
his men.

Let them tell that to the sailors who today are
hitting hard in the far waters of the Pacific.

Let them tell that to the boys in the flying
fortresses.

Let them tell that to the Marines !
The United Nations constitute an association
of independent peoples of equal dignity and im-
portance. The United Nations are dedicated to
a common cause. We share equally and with
equal zeal the anguish and awful sacrifices of
war. In the partnership of our common enter-
prise we must share in a unified plan in which
all of us must play our several parts, each of us
being equally indispensable and dependent one
on the other.

We have unified command and cooperation
and comradeship.

We Americans will contribute unified produc-
tion and unified acceptance of sacrifice and of
effort. That means a national unity that can
know no limitations of race or creed or selfish
politics. The American people expect that
much from themselves. And the American
people will find ways and means of expressing
their determination to their enemies, including
the Japanese admiral who has said that he will
dictate the terms of peace here in the Wliite
House.

We of the United Nations are agreed on cer-
tain broad principles in the kind of peace we
seek. The Atlantic Charter applies not only to
the parts of the world that border the Atlantic
but to the whole world : disarmament of aggres-
sors, self-determination of nations and peoples,
and the four freedoms — freedom of speech, free-
dom of religion, freedom from want, and free-
dom from fear,

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BXJLLETIN

The British and the Russian people have
loiown the full fury of Nazi onslaught. There
have been times when the fate of London and
Moscow was in serious doubt. But there was
never the slightest question that either the Brit-
ish or the Russians would yield. And today all
the United Nations salute the superb Russian
Army as it celebrates the twenty-fourth anni-
versary of its first assembly.

Though their homeland was overrun, the
Dutch people are still fighting stubbornly and
powerfully overseas.

The great Chinese people have suffered griev-
ous losses; Chungking has been almost wiped
out of existence, yet it remains the capital of an
unbeatable China.

That is the conquering spirit which prevails
throughout the United Nations in this war.

The task that we Americans now face will test
us to the uttermost.

Never before have we been called upon for
sucli a prodigious effort. Never before have we
had so little time in which to do so much.
"These are the times that try men's souls."
Tom Paine wrote those words on a drumhead
by the light of a campfire. That was when
Washington's little army of ragged, rugged men
was retreating across New Jersey, having tasted
nothing but defeat.

And General Washington ordered that these
great words written by Tom Paine be read to the
men of every regiment in the Continental Army,
and this was the assurance given to the first
American armed forces :

"The summer soldier and the sunshine patriot
will, in this crisis, shrink from the service of
their country ; but he that stands it now, deserves
the love and thanks of man and woman.
Tyranny, like hell, is not easily conquered ; yet
we have this consolation with us, that the harder
the sacrifice, the more glorious the triumph."

So spoke Americans in the year 1776.
So speak Americans today !

FEBRUARY 28, 1942

RELATIONS WITH THE FRENCH GOVERNMENT AT VICHY

189

[Released to the press February 27]

At the press conference on February 27 the
Acting Secretary of State, Sumner Welles,
said:

"The relations between the Government of the
United States and the French Government of
Vichy have been predicated upon the formal
assurances given to this Government by the
French Government upon repeated occasions
that the French Government in its relations with
the Axis powers will not exceed the terms of its
armistice agreements with those powers, and in
particular, that the French Government will in
no wise relinquish to those powers any control
over or use of French territorial possessions nor
any control over nor use of the French fleet.
The assurances received by the United States
Government in this regard likewise include the
assurance that the French Government will give
no military assistance to the Axis powers.

"On February 10 the President sent a personal
message to Marshal Petain informing him that
the Government of the United States had been
advised that supplies had been shipped from
Metropolitan France to North Africa for the use
of the Axis forces in Libya. The President made
it clear that the position of France and the
limitations placed upon France through the
armistice agreements which had been signed
with Germany and Italy are fully recognized
and understood by the Government and the peo-
ple of the United States. He stated further,
however, that in the opinion of the Government
of the United States, if France were to ship war
materials or supplies to the Axis powers and to
render assistance to these powers, or to take any
action in that regard which France was not obli-
gated to take under the terms of her armistice
agreements, the French Government would place
itself in the categorj' of governments which ai'e

directly assisting the declared enemies of the
people of the United States. The President
further stated that he was confident that any
such action would be contrary to the wishes of
the people of France and disastrous to their
aspirations and to their final destiny.

"Since that time several additional communi-
cations have been exchanged between the two
Governments.

"On February 24 the American Ambassador
in Vichj' received in writing a communication
from the French Government.

"In the course of this communication the
French Government stated that it affirmed once
again its will to abstain from any action, under
reservation of the obligations resulting to it
from the armistice agreements, which would not
be in conformity with the position of neutrality
in which it had been placed since June 1940 and
which it intended to maintain. The French
Government further stated that it would not,
therefore, lend any military aid to one of the
belligerents in any place in the theater of oper-
ations, particularly the use of French vessels
for the purposes of war, nor all the more, adopt
a policy of assistance to the Axis powers beyond
the terms of the armistice agreements.

"The British Government has been kept fully
informed of the exchange of communications
which has taken place between the French Gov-
ernment and the Government of the United
States.

"While this statement of French policy as
above set forth is of value in estimating the
relations between this Government and the
French Government at Vichy, further clarifica-
tions with regard to other important questions
are awaited by this Government before it will
be enabled to complete its examination of the
present situation."

190

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN
MUTUAL-AID AGREEMENT WITH GREAT BRITAIN

[Released to the press by the White House February 24]

An agreement between the Governments of
the United States and Great Britain on the prin-
ciples applying to mutual aid in the prosecution
of the war was signed on February 23 by the
Acting Secretary of State and the British
Ambassador.

The agreement was made under the provi-
sions of the Lend-Lease Act of March 11, 1941.
By this act of the Congress, and the great
appropriations by which it has been supported,
this Nation is able to provide arms, equipment,
and supplies to any country whose defense is
vital to our own defense.

On December 7, 1941 we were attacked. We
are now one of the 26 United Nations devoting
all of their united strength to the winning of
this war and to the establishment of a just and
lasting peace. The vast resources which Provi-
dence has given us enable us to insure that our
comrades in arms shall not lack arms. Congress
has granted the authority and the means.
United and equipped by the overwhelming pro-
ductive power of their resources and ours, we
shall fight together to the final victoi'y.

Recent developments in the war have shown,
if proof was required, the wisdom and necessity
of the policy of lend-lease supplies to the United
Nations. That policy continues and is expand-
ing to meet the expanding needs of the fighting
fronts. The agreement signed on February 23
reaffirms our purpose to supply aid to Great
Britain. The British Government will supply
this country with such reciprocal aid as it is in
a position to give.

As to the terms of settlement between the two
countries, the agreement states that it is too
early in this struggle to foresee or define the
precise and detailed terms. Instead the agree-
ment lays down certain of the principles which
are to prevail. These principles are broadly
conceived, for the scale of aid is so vast that
narrow conceptions of the terms of settlement
would be as disastrous to our economy and to
the welfare of our people as to the welfare of

the British people. Articles which at the end
of tlie war can be returned to us and which we
wish to have back, will be returned. Full ac-
count will be taken of all reciprocal aid.

The fundamental framework of the final set-
tlement which shall be sought on the economic
side is given in article VII. It shall be a settle-
ment by agreement open to participation by all
other nations of like mind. Its purpose shall be
not to burden but to improve world-wide eco-
nomic relations. Its aims will be to provide
appropriate national and international meas-
ures to expand production, employment, and the
exchange and consumption of goods, which, the
agreement states, are the material foundations
of the liberty and welfare of all peoples, to elim-
inate all forms of discriminatory treatment in
international commerce, to reduce tariffs and
other trade barriers, and, generally, to attain
the economic objectives of the Atlantic Charter.

To that end article VII provides for the early
commencement of conversations, within the
framework which it outlines, with a view to
establishing now the foundations upon which
we may create after the war a system of enlarged
production, exchange, and consumption of goods
for the satisfaction of human needs in our
country, in the British Commonwealth, and in
all other countries which are willing to join in
this great effort.

The text of the agreement follows :

"Whereas the Governments of the United
States of America and the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Northern Ireland declare
that they are engaged in a cooperative under-
taking, together with every other nation or peo-
ple of like mind, to the end of laying the bases
of a just and enduring world peace securing
order under law to themselves and all nations;

"And whereas the President of the United
States of America has determined, pursuant to
the Act of Congress of March 11, 1941, that the
defense of the United Kingdom against ag-
gression is vital to the defense of the United
States of America;

FEBRUARY 28, 1942

"And whereas the United States of America
has extended and is continuing to extend to the
United Kingdom aid in resisting aggression ;

"And whereas it is expedient that the final
determination of the terms and conditions upon
which the Government of the United King-
dom receives such aid and of the benefits to be
received by the United States of America in
return therefor should be deferred until the
extent of the defense aid is known and until the
progress of events makes clearer the final terms
and conditions and benefits which will be in the
mutual interests of the United States of Amer-
ica and the United Kingdom and will promote
the establishment and maintenance of world
peace ;

"And whereas the Governments of the United
States of America and the United Kingdom are
nmtually desirous of concluding now a prelim-
inary agreement in regard to the provision of
defense aid and in regard to certain considera-
tions which shall be taken into account in de-
termining such terms and conditions and the
making of such an agreement has been in all
respects duly authorized, and all acts, condi-
tions and formalities which it may have been
necessary to perform, fulfil or execute prior to
the making of such an agreement in conformity
with the laws either of the United States of
America or of the United Kingdom have been
performed, fulfilled or executed as required ;

"The undersigned, being duly authorized by
their respective Govenmients for that purpose,
have agreed as follows :

"Article I

"The Government of the United States of
America will continue to supply the Govern-
ment of the United Kingdom witli such defense
articles, defense services, and defense informa-
tion as the President shall authorize to be trans-
ferred or provided.

"Article II

"The Government of the United Kingdom
will continue to contribute to the defense of the
United States of America and the strengthening
thereof and will provide such articles, services,

191

facilities or information as it may be in a
position to supply.

"Article III

"The Government of the United Kingdom
will not without the consent of the President of
the United States of America transfer title to,
or possession of, any defense article or defense
information transferred to it under the Act or
permit the use thereof by anyone not an officer,
employee, or agent of the Government of the
United Kingdom.

"Article IV

"If, as a result of the transfer to the Gov-
ernment of the United Kingdom of any defense
article or defense information, it becomes neces-
sary for that Government to take any action or
make any payment in order fully to protect any
of the rights of a citizen of the United States
of America wlio has patent rights in and to any
such defense article or information, the Govern-
ment of the United Kingdom will take such
action or make such payment when requested
to do so by the President of the United States
of America.

"Article V
"The Government of the United Kingdom
will return to the United States of America at
(he end of the present emergency, as determined
by the President, such defense articles trans-
ferred under this Agi'eement as shall not have
been destroyed, lost or consumed and as shall be
determined by the President to be useful in the
defense of the United States of America or of
the Western Hemisphere or to be otherwise of
use to the United States of America.

"Article VI
"In the final determination of the benefits to
be provided to the United States of America by
the Government of the United Kingdom full
cognizance shall be taken of all property, serv-
ices, information, facilities, or other benefits or
considerations provided by the Government of
the United Kingdom subsequent to March 11,
1941, and accepted or acknowledged by the
President on behalf of the United States of
America.

192

DEPARTMENT OP STATE BULLETIN

"Article VII

"In the final determination of the benefits to
be provided to the United States of America by
the Government of the United Kingdom in
return for aid furnished under the Act of
Congi-ess of March 11, 1941, the terms and condi-
tions theieof shall be such as not to burden
commerce between the two countries, but to pro-
mote mutually advantageous economic relations
between them and the betterment of world-
wide economic relations. To that end, they
shall include provision for agreed action by the
United States of America and the United King-
dom, ojjen to participation by all other coun-
tries of like mind, directed to the expansion, by
appropriate international and domestic meas-
ures, of pi'oduction. employment, and the ex-
change and consumption of goods, which are
the material foundations of (he liberty and wel-
fare of all peoples; to the elimination of all
forms of discriminatory treatment in interna-

tional commerce, and to the reduction of tariffs
and other trade barriers ; and, in general, to the
attainment of all the economic objectives set
forth in the Joint Declaration made on August
12, 1941, by the President of the United States
of America and the Prime Minister of the
United Kingdom.

"At an early convenient date, conversations
shall be begun between the two Governments
with a view to determining, in the light of gov-
erning economic conditions, the best means of
attaining the above-stated objectives by their
own agreed action and of seeking the agreed ac-
tion of other like-minded Governments.

"Article VIII

"This Agreement shall take effect as from this
day's date. It shall continue in force until a
date to be agreed upon by the two Governments.

"Signed and sealed at Washington in dupli-
cate this 23rd day of February, 1942."

AMERICANS IN THE FAR EAST

[Released to the press February 26]

The Swiss authorities have informed the
American Legation at Born that according to a
telegram dated February 18. 1942 from the Swiss
Consul at Shanghai, the entire personnel of the
American Embassy at Peiping are safe.

The office of the American Consulate at Me-
dan, Sumatra. Netherlands East Indies, was
closed on February 16, 1942, and the American
Consul there, Mr. John B. Ketcham, of Bay-
shore, N. Y., is now awaiting transportation
from the island. Mrs. Ketcham is en route to
the United States.

The entire staff of the former Ameiican Con-
sulate General at Singapore was able to with-
draw from that city before its occupation by the
Japanese. Consul General Kenneth S. Patton,
of Salem, Va., Consul Harold D. Robison, of
Pleasant Grove, Utah. Vice Consul Charles O.
Thompson, of Kalispell, Mont., have all arrived
safely in Perth, Australia. Mmes. Patton, Rob-
ison, and Thompson are now en route to the
United States. Consul Clayson W. Aldridge,

of Rome, N. Y., formerly of the Consulate Gen-
eral at Singapore, has been temporarily de-
tailed to the American Consulate General at
Batavia, Java. Mrs. Aldridge is in Australia.
Mrs. Eileen Niven, of Seattle, Wash., also for-
merly with the Coni^ulate General at Singapore,
is also detailed temporarily to the Consulate
General at Batavia. Vice Consul Robert Grin-
nell, of Dover, Mass., and Vice Consul Perry
Ellis, of Andarko, Okla., formerly attached to
the Consulate General at Singapore, and who
were temporarily detailed to Darwin, Australia,
have left for the interior. An attempt is being
made to arrange air transportation for them to
Brisbane or Adelaide en route to Sydney. Mr.
Grinnell and Mr. Ellis are unmarried.

The members of the staflF of the former Consu-
late General at Rangoon, Burma, have also been
able to leave their post in safety. Consul Gen-
eral Lester L. Schnare, of Mondovi, Wis., and
Vice Consul Martin J. Hillenbrand, of Youngs-
town, Ohio, have accompanied the Burma Gov-
ernment, wliich has withdrawn northward. Mrs.

FEBRUARY 2 8, 1942

193

Schnare is in the United States, and Mrs. Hillen-
brand is en route to this country. Consul Rob-
ert B. Streeper, of Columbus, Ohio, is en route to
his new post at Chungking via the Burma Road.
Mrs. Streeper is in the United States. Consul
Robert Buell, of Rochester, N. Y., has arrived
at his new post at Calcutta. He is unmarried.

Consul Jesse F. Van Wickel, of Brooklyn,
N. Y., and Vice Consul V. Lansing Collins, of
Princeton, N. J., formerly of the staff of the
American Consulate General at Batavia, have
left for Wellington, New Zealand. The remain-
ing members of the staff of the Consulate Gen-
eral at Batavia are still at their post. Mrs.
Walter Foote, wife of the American Consul
General at Batavia, and Mrs. Collins have left
Batavia for the United States.

Mr. Owen L. Dawson, of Frost, Mich., former
American Consul at Shanghai, who was re-
cently on a business trip to the Netherlands
East Indies, has left Surabaya by boat for New
Zealand. Mrs. Dawson is in this country.

[Released to the press February 27]

The French authorities have made available
to the American Embassy at Vichy a report
received from the French Consul General at
Shanghai reading in part substantially as
follows :

"Following the outbreak of hostilities, Ameri-
can diplomatic and consular representatives,
twenty in number, who had been lodged in
several hotels in the International Settlement
were taken to the French Concession where they
are now residing in a hotel with their wives and
children.

"Other Americans holding official positions,
fortj^-four in number, have received permission
to remain either in their homes in the Interna-
tional Settlement or the French Concession.
These persons 'enjoy perfect freedom'.

"The American consular officers are satisfied
with their treatment. All concerned are in ex-
cellent health — in particular Mr. Frank P. Lock-
hart, the American Consul General, who has
entirely recovered from typhus. Mr. Lockliart's
home is in Pittsburg, Texas."

RESCUE OF PERSONNEL OF UNITED
STATES SHIPS BY PEOPLE OF ST. LAW-
RENCE, NEWFOUNDLAND

[Released to the press by the White House February 25]

The President through the Navy Department
sent a message to the people of St. Lawrence,
Newfoundland, in appreciation of their work
in aiding personnel of the US.S. Ti^xton and
the U.S.S. Pollux. The text follows:

"I have just learned of the magnificent and
courageous work you rendered and of the sacri-
fices you made in rescuing and caring for the
personnel of the United States ships which
gi'ounded on your shores. As Commander-in-
Chief and on behalf of the Navy and as Presi-
dent of the United States on behalf of our cit-
izens I wish to express my most grateful ap-
preciation of your heroic action which is typical
of the history of your proud seafaring com-
munity."

JOINT MEXICAN - UNITED STATES
DEFENSE COMMISSION

An Executive order authorizing the creation
of a joint commission to be known as the Joint
Mexican - United States Defense Commission
was signed by the President on February 27,
1942.^ According to the Executive order the
"purposes of the Commission shall be to study
problems relating to the common defense of
the United States and Mexico, to consider broad
plans for the defense of Mexico and adjacent
areas of the United States, and to propose to
the respective governments the cooperative
measures which, in its opinion, should be
adopted." Provisions are made in the order
for professional and clerical assistance and for
the necessary office and travel expenses. The
full text of the order is printed in the Federal
Register of March 3, 1942, page 1607.

• Bulletin of January 17, 1942, p. 67.

American Republics

SETTLEMENT OF PERU - ECUADOR BOUNDARY DISPUTE

RESOLUTION OF PERUVIAN CONGRESS

[Released to the press February 28]

The text of a telegram received on February
27 by the Acting Secretary of State, Sumner
Welles, from Gerardo Balbuena, President of
the Congress of Peru, follows :

"In session today full Congress unanimously
approved following motion : The Congi-ess of
Peru, taking into consideration the lofty Amer-
icanist labor achieved by the representatives of
the friendly countries who, together with the
Foreign Ministers of Peru and Ecuador, signed
the Rio de Janeiro agreement which has just
been approved, declares that the Foreign Min-
isters of the United States of Brazil, Mr. Os-
waldo Aranha, of the Argentine Republic, Mr.
Enrique Ruiz-Guinazu, of the Republic of
Chile, Mr. Juan B. Rossetti, and the Under
Secretary of State of the United States of
America, Mr. Sumner Welles, are deserving of
the approbation and gratitude of Peru. Lima,
February 26, 1942. E. Diez Canseco D., F.
Dasso, Roberto MacLean y Estenos, Manuel B.
Llosa.

"In transmitting to Your Excellency the
resolution of the Peruvian Congress, I have the
honor to offer you, with my most cordial greet-

ings, the assurance of my high and distin-
guished consideration."

The following note was sent by Mr. Welles in
reply :

"I am profoundly gi-ateful for Your Excel-
lency's telegram of February 26, 1942 which
quoted the text of a resolution approved by the
Congress of Peru expressing the approbation
and gratitude of Peru toward the representa-
tives of the friendly powers who, in conjunction
with the Foreign Ministers of Peru and
Ecuador, signed the historic agi-eement at Rio
de Janeiro for the termination of the boundary
controversy. The Government of the United
States has considered it a great honor to have
been associated with the Governments of Ar-
gentina, Brazil, and Chile in the friendly con-
ver.sations leading up to this historic event
which represents a significant milestone in the
establishment of amicable discussion as a means
of settling differences between these American
republics.

"I wish to take the opportunity to extend to
you the assurance of my personal regard and of
my highest consideration."

STATEMENT BY THE ACTING SECRETARY OF STATE

[Released to the press February 28]

This Government has now been informed offi-
cially by the Government of Ecuador that the
Congress of Ecuador has ratified the protocol
of Rio de Janeiro which provides for the defini-
tive settlement of the boundary controversy be-
tween Ecuador and Peru. As is known, the pro-
tocol of Rio de Janeiro was ratified by the Con-
gress of Peru on February 26, 1942.

The final solution of this long-pending con-
194

troversy is a matter of the deepest satisfaction
to the Government of the United States. It
affords a further proof of the ability and deter-
mination of the American republics to settle all
disjDutes between them by pacific methods. It
has been a privilege for this Government to have
been able, in association with the Governments
of Argentina, Brazil, and Chile, to participate in
the extension of its good offices in furthering this
final settlement.

FEBRUARY 2 8, 194 2

195

PROTOCOL OF PEACE, FRIENDSHIP, AND BOUNDARIES

[Translation]

The Governments of Ecuador and Peru, desir-
ing to find a solution to tlie question of bound-
aries wliicli for a long period of time has sepa-
rated them, and taking into consideration the
oflFer which was made to them by the Govern-
ments of the United States of America, of tlie
Argentine Republic, of the United States of
Brazil, and of Chile, of their friendly services to
find a prompt and honorable solution to the
problem, and moved by the American spirit
which prevails in the Third Consultative Meet-
ing of the Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the
American Republics, have resolved to celebrate
a Protocol of peace, friendship and boundaries
in the presence of the representatives of these
four friendly Governments. To this end the
following plenipotentiaries intei'vene :

For the Republic of Ecuador, Doctor Jtnjo
ToBAR DoNoso, Minister of For'eign Affairs ; and

For the Republic of Peru, Doctor Alfredo
SoLF T MuBO, Minister of Foreign Affairs;

Wlio, after having exhibited their full and
respective powers on this subject and having
found them in good and due form, agree to the
signing of the following protocol ;

Article One

The Governments of Ecuador and Peru sol-
emnly affirm their decided proposal to maintain
between the two peoples relations of peace and
friendship, of understanding and of good faith
and to abstain the one with respect to the other
from any action capable of disturbing these
relations.

Article Two

The Government of Peru will retire within a
period of fifteen days from this date its military
forces to the line described in Article Eight of
this Protocol.

Article Three

The United States of America, Argentina,
Brazil and Chile will cooperate, by means of
military observers, in adjusting the circum-
stances of this occupation, the retirement of

troops, according to terms of the preceding
Article.

Article Four

The military forces of the two countries will
remain in their new positions until the definitive
demarcation of the frontier line. In the in-
terim, Ecuador will have only civil jurisdiction
in the zones disoccupied by Peru which will be
in the same condition as the demilitarized zone
of Act Talara.

Article Five

The activity of the United States, Argentina,
Brazil and Chile will continue until the defini-
tive demarcation of frontiers between Ecuador
and Peru has been completed. This Protocol
and its execution will be under the guarantee
of the four countries mentioned at the begin-
ning of this Article.

Article Six

Ecuador will enjoy for the purposes of navi-
gation on the Amazon and its northern tribu-
taries the same concessions which Brazil and
Colombia enjoy, in addition to those which
W'cre agreed upon in the Treaty of Commerce
and Navigation designed to facilitate free and
gi-atuitous navigation on the rivers referred to.

Article Seven

Any doubt or disagreement which shall arise
in the execution of this Protocol shall be re-
solved by the parties concerned with the assist-
ance of the representatives of the United States,
Argentina, Brazil and Chile in as short a period
of time as may be possible.

Article Eight

The boundary line shall be marked by the
following points :
A)- In the west sector:

1)- Boca de Capones to the Pacific Ocean;
2)- The Zarumilla River and the Quebrada
Balsamal or Lajas;

196

DEPARTTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

3)- The Pnyango River or Tumbes to the

Quebrada de Cazaderos;
4)- The Cazaderos;
6)- The Quebrada de Pilares and the Ala-

mor to the Chira River ;
6)- Tlie Cliira River upstream;
7)- The Macara, Calvas and Espindola

Rivers upstream to the sources of the

last mentioned in the Nudo de Saba-

nillas ;
8)- From the Nudo de SabaniUas to the

Canchis River;
9)- Along the Canchis downstream;
10)- The Chinchipe River, downstream to

the point at which it receives the San

Francisco River.
B)-In the Oriente:

1)- From the Quebrada de San Francisco,
the "divertium aquarum" between the
Zamora and Santiago Rivers, conflu-
ence of the Santiago with the Yaupi.

2)- A line to the mouth of the Bobonaza
at the Pastaza. The confluence of the
Cunambo River with the Pintoyacu
on the Tigre River.

3)- Mouth of the Cononaco on the Cura-
ray, downstream to Bellavista.

4)- A line to the mouth of the Yasuni on
the Napo River. Along the Napo
downstream to the mouth of the Agua-
rico.

5)- Along this upstream to the confluence
of the Lagartococha or Zancudo with
the Aguarico.

6)- The Lagartococha River or Zancudo,
upstream to its sources and from there
a straight line which will meet the
Guepi River and along this river to its
mouth on the Putumayo, and along the
Putumayo upstream to the boundary
of Ecuador and Colombia.

Article Nine

It is understood that the line previously de-
scribed will be accepted by Ecuador and Peru
for the demarcation of the frontier between the
two countries by technical experts on the

grounds. The parties can, however, in tracing
the line on the ground, consent to reciprocal
concessions which they may consider convenient
in order to adjust the line to geographical reali-
ties. These rectifications shall be efl'ectuated
with the collaboration of the representatives of
the United States of America, the Argentine
Republic, Brazil and Chile.

The Governments of Ecuador and Peru will
submit this Protocol to their respective Con-
gresses and should obtain approval thereof
within a period of not more than thirty days.

In witness whereof, the plenipotentiaries
above-mentioned sign and seal, in two copies, in
Spanish in the city of Rio de Janeiro at one
a. m. on the twenty-nintli day of January, for
the year nineteen hundred and forty-two, the
present Protocol, under the auspices of His Ex-
cellency the President of Brazil and in tlie pres-
ence of the Ministers of Foreign AflPairs of the
Argentine Republic, Brazil and Chile and the
Under Secretarj' of State of the United States
of America.

j. tobae donoso
Alfredo Solf y Muko
SuiuNER Welles
E. Ruiz Gotxazu
Juan B. Rossetti

OSWALDO AraNHA

Australasia

OPENING OF DIRECT RADIOTELEGRAPH
CIRCUIT WITH NEW ZEALAND

[Released to the press by the White House February 23]

In connection with the opening on February
23 of a direct radiotelegraph circuit between the
United States and New Zealand, the President
sent the following message to the Right Honor-
able Peter Eraser, Prime Minister of New
Zealand, in Wellington :

"The establishment at this time of a direct
radiotelegraph circuit between the United States

FEBRUARY 28, 1942

and New Zealand is another link in the ever
tightening bonds between our two countries. It
gives me great pleasure to make use of this new
and rapid channel of communications to convey
to you personally and through you to the people
of New Zealand the warm and fraternal gi-eet-
ings of the American people and to assure you
that we shall leave nothing undone to achieve
our common objective of freeing our world once
and for all of the forces of aggression."

The Prime Minister of New Zealand sent a
message to the President, the text of which
follows :

"The inauguration of direct radio communi-
cation today between New Zealand and the
United States enables mo to send you a cordial
message of greetings and goodwill from the gov-
ernment and people of New Zealand and to wish
you all good fortune in the days of stress that lie
ahead. This further link will I trust serve to
bind still closer the warm ties of longstanding
friendship between the American and New Zea-
land peoples and it will undoubtedly provide a
most valuable means of practical cooperation in
the i^rosecution of the common task to which
both peoples have set their hand — the achieve-
ment of complete and lasting victory over the
enemies of freedom and democracy."

The Foreign Service

PERSONNEL CHANGES

[Released to the press February 28]

The following changes have occurred in the
American Foreign Service since February 14,
1942:

Charles B. Beylard, of Philadelphia, Pa.,
Vice Consul at Nice, France, has been appointed
Vice Consul at Lyon, France.

Ellis A. Bonnet, of Eagle Pass, Tex., for-
merly Consul at Amsterdam, Netherlands, has
been designated Second Secretary of Embassy
and Consul at Panama, Panama, and will sei"ve
in dual capacity.

197

Robert L. Buell, of Rochester, N. Y., formerly
Consul at Rangoon, Burma, has been assigned
as Consul at Calcutta, India.

William C. Burdett, Jr., of Macon, Ga., has
been appointed Vice Consul at Guayaquil,
Ecuador.

Robert E. Cashin, of University City, Mo.,
has been appointed Vice Consul at Iquitos, Peru,
where an American Vice Consulate will be
established.

Clifton P. English, of Chattanooga, Tenn.,
Vice Consul at Buenos Aires, Argentina, has
been apjDointed Foreign Seiwice Officer, Un-
classified, Secretary in the Diplomatic Service,
and Vice Consul of Career, and has been as-
signed as Vice Consul at Buenos Aires, Argen-
tina.

Frederick W. Eyssell, of Kansas City, Mo.,
has been appointed Vice Consul at Cartagena,
Colombia.

C. Paul Fletcher, of Hickory Valley, Tenn.,
Consul at Alexandria, Egypt, has been assigned
for duty in the Department of State.

Peter H. A. Flood, of Nashua, N. H., has been
assigned as Foreign Service Officer to assist in
Mexican claims work, with headquarters at the
Consulate at Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua,
Mexico.

The assignment of Julian B. Foster, of
Tuscaloosa, Ala., as Commercial Attache at
Stockholm, Sweden, has been canceled.

Harry F. Hawley, of New York, N. Y., for-
merly Consul at Gibraltar, has been assigned as
Consul at Marseille, France.

Charles H. Heisler, of Milford, Del., Consul
at Tunis, Tunisia, has been assigned as Consul
at Newcastle-on-Tyne, England.

Heyward G. Hill, of Hammond, La., Second
Secretary of Embassy and Consul at Panama,
Panama, has been designated Second Secretary
of Embassy and Consul at Madrid, Spain, and
will serve in dual capacity.

Martin J. Hillenbrand, of Chicago, 111., for-
merly Vice Consul at Rangoon, Burma, has been
assigned as Vice Consul at Bombay, India.

Charles F. Knox, Jr., of Maplewood, N. J.,
Assistant Commercial Attache at Santiago,
Chile, has been assigned for duty in the Depart-
ment of State.

198

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

Sidney K. Lafoon, of Danieltown, Va., has
been appointed Foreign Service Officer, Unclas-
sified, Secretary in the Diplomatic Service, and
Vice Consul of Career, and has been assigned
for duty in the Department of State.

George D. LaMont, of Albion, N. Y., formerly
Consul at Canton, China, has been assigiied as
Consul at Cayenne, French Guiana, where an
American Consulate will be established.

William Frank Lebus, Jr., of Cynthiana, Ky.,
Vice Consul at Puerto Cortes, Honduras, has
been appointed Vice Consul at Aruba, Dutch
West Indies.

Oliver M. Marcy, of Newton Highlands, Mass.,
has been a^jpointed Vice Consul at La Paz,
Bolivia.

Allen W. Pattee, of Monmouth, 111., has been
appointed Vice Consul at Valparaiso, Chile.

Arthur E. Eingwalt, of Omaha, Nebr., for-
merly Second Secretary of Embassy at Peiping,
China, has been assigned for duty in the Depart-
ment of State.

The assignment of Wells Stabler, of New
York, N. Y., as Vice Consul at Bogota, Colom-
bia, has been canceled.

Robert M. Taylor, of Seattle, Wash., formerly
Vice Consul at Tientsin, China, has been as-
signed for duty in the Department of State.

The assignment of J. Kittredge Vinson, of
Houston, Tex., as Vice Consul at Rangoon,
Burma, has been canceled. In lieu thereof, Mr.
Vinson has been assigned as Vice Consul at
Karachi, India.

Woodruff Wallner, of New York, N. Y., Third
Secretary of Embassy at Vichy, France, has been
assigned as Vice Consul at Tunis, Tunisia.

Publications

Department of State

Allocation of Tariff Quota on Heavy Cattle During the
Calendar Year 1942: Proclamation by the President
of the United States of America Issued December 22,
1941 Pursuant to the Reciprocal Trade Agreement
Between the United States of America and Canada
Signed November 17, 193S, and Related Notes. Ex-
ecutive Agreement Series 225. Publication 1691.
7 pp. 50.

Recommendations of the North American Regional
Radio-Engineering Meeting: Arrangement Between
the United States of America, Canada, Cuba, the Do-
minican Republic, Haiti, and Mexico — Signed at
Washington January 30, 1941 ; effective March 29,
1941. (Supplemental to North American Regional
Broadcasting Agreement, Habana, 1937.) Executive
Agreement Series 227. Publication 16S1. iv, 52 pp.

100.

Treaty Information

Compiled in the Treaty Division
FLORA AND FAUNA

Convention on Nature Protection and Wildlife
Preservation in the Western Hemisphere

Ve^iezuela

The Director General of the Pan American
Union transmitted to the Secretary of State with
a letter dated February 18, 1942 a copy of the
list of species of Venezuelan flora and fauna
which was furnished to the Union by the Gov-
ernment of Venezuela for inclusion in the annex
to the Convention on Nature Protection and
Wildlife Preservation in the Western Hemi-
sphere, which was opened for signature at the
Pan American Union on October 12, 1940.

Erratum: The statement appearing on page
159 of the Bulletin for February 14, 1942 re-
garding the date of the deposit of the instru-
ment of ratification by Venezuela of this con-
vention should read November 3, 1941, not De-
cember 2, 1941 as stated.

MUTUAL GUARANTIES

Mutual-Aid Agreement With Great Britain

The text of an agreement between the Gov-
ernments of the United States and Great Brit-
ain, signed February 23, 1942, on the principles
applying to mutual aid in the prosecution of the
war, appears in this Bulletin under the heading
"The War".

FEBRUARY 2 8, 1942

BOUNDARIES

Protocol of Peace, Friendsliip, and Boundaries
Between Ecuador and Peru

A translation of the text of the protocol of
peace, friendship, and boundaries, signed by
Ecuador and Peru at Rio de Janeiro January 29,
1942, ajopears in this Bulletin under the heading
"American Republics".

Legislation

Fifth Supplemental National Defense Appropriation
Bill for 1942 :

Hearings Before a Subcommittee of the Committee
on Aijpropriations, United States Senate, 77th
Cong., 2d sess., on H.R. 6611 [lend-lease, pp. 30-
3.5]. 51 pp.

S. Kept. 1113, 77th Cong., on H.R. 6611. 4 pp.

Regulating Water-Borne Commerce of the United
States. S. Rept. 1117, 77th Cong., on H.R. 6291. S)
pp.

199

Joint Resolution Amending section 7 of the Neutrality
Act of 1939. Approved February 21, 1942. [S.J.Res.
133.] Public Law 459, 77th Cong. 1 p.

An Act Making appropriations to supply deficiencies in
certain appropriations for the fiscal year ending June
30, 1942, and for prior fiscal years, to provide sup-
plemental appropriations for the fiscal year ending
June 30, 1942, and for other purposes [including
$150,000 for contingent expenses, Department of
State, and $5,000,000 for emergencies arising in the
Diplomatic and Consular Service]. Approved Feb-
ruary 21, 1942. [H.R. 6548]. Public Law 463, 77th
Cong. 26 pp.

An Act For the relief of certain Basque aliens. Ap-
proved February 19, 1942. [S. 314.] Private Law
286, 77th Cong. 1 p.

Regulations

Export Control Schedule C. February 20, 1942. (Board
of Economic Warfare.) 7 Federal Register 1492.

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C— Price 10 cents Subscription price, $2.75 a year

PUBLISHED WEEKLY WITH THE APPEOVAL OF THE DIBECIOK OF THE BCBEAO OF THE BUDGET

THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE

BULLETIN

MARCH 7, 1942
Vol. VI, No. 141— Publication 1707

ontents

The War p^^.

United Nations and United Peoples: Radio address by

Assistant Secretary Berle 203

Agreements with Brazil 205

French island possessions in the Pacific 208

Joint British- American relief to Greece 208

Advisoi-y Mission to India 209

Americans in the Far East 209

The Problem of Economic Peace After the War : Address

by Leo Pasvolsky 210

Pi-oclaimed List of Certain Blocked Nationals, Supple-
ment 1 to Revision I 220

Commercial Policy

Exchange of notes with Ecuador regarding trade
agreement 221

International Conferences, Commissions, Etc.

Eighth Pan American Child Congress 222

The Department
Appointment of officers 223

The Foreign Service

Personnel changes 223

Cultural Relations

Visit to United States of Brazilian educator 224

Legislation 224

[OVEE]

V,. S. SUPERINTENDENT OF O0CLt«ENT»
^flAR 21 1942

ontents-coNTifiVED

Treaty Information

Finance : Page

Double Income Taxation Convention With Canada . . . 225

Agreements with Brazil 225

Commerce :

Inter- American Coffee Agi'eement 225

Reciprocal Trade Agreement With Ecuador 225

Publications: Agreement With El Salvador for the Ex-
change of Official Publications 226

General,

Contributions for relief in belligerent countries 226

The War

UNITED NATIONS AND UNITED PEOPLES

RADIO ADDRESS BY ASSISTANT SECRETARY BERLE '

[Released to the press March 1]
I

Oil every continent of the world, and in every
corner of the seas, soldiers, sailors, armies, and
ships of the United Nations now are engaged
in a titanic struggle for freedom of thought,
religious freedom, freedom from want, freedom
from fear.

At the opening of this year, 1942, the greatest
group of nations ever joined in history assem-
bled in Washington. President Koosevelt gave
the company a name : The United Nations.
They declared their common purpose and put
the articles of their union into a few simple
words :

"Having subscribed to a common program of
purposes and principles embodied in . . . the
Atlantic Charter,

"Being convinced that complete victory over
their enemies is essential to defend life, liberty,
independence and religious freedom, and to pre-
serve human rights and justice in their own
lands as well as in other lands, and that they are
now engaged in a common struggle against sav-
age and brutal forces seeking to subjugate the
world, . . .

"1. Each Government pledges itself to employ
its full resources, military or economic, against
those members of the Tripartite Pact and its
adherents with which such government is at
war.

"2. Each Government pledges itself to coop-
erate with the Governments signatory hereto

' Delivered over the Mutual Broadcasting System,
March 1, 1942.

and not to make a separate armistice or peace
with the enemies.

"The foregoing declaration may be adhered
to by other nations which are, or which may be,
rendering material assistance and contributions
in the struggle for victory over Hitlerism."

This is the Declaration by United Nations.

By these words a vast revolution in world
affairs was recognized. It accomplished a huge
union of fighting forces in a common struggle.
It did far more. It dedicated that struggle to
the high purpose of giving to the peoples of the
world — and to each individual of those peo-
ples — the material and spiritual requirements
for a fuller life.

The Atlantic Charter, which is included in the
Pact of the United Nations, had set out for the
United Nations these elementary human rights
with directness and simplicity :

"They respect the right of all peoples to choose
the form of government under which they will
live ; and they wish to see sovereign rights and
self-government restored to those who have been
forcibly deprived of them ;

"They will endeavor, with due respect for
their existing obligations, to further the enjoy-
ment by all States, great or small, victor or van-
quished, of access, on equal terms, to the trade
and to the raw materials of the world which
are needed for their economic prosperity ;

"They desire to bring about the fullest col-
laboration between all nations in the economic
field with the object of securing, for all, im-
proved labor standards, economic advancement,
and social security ;

203

204

depaetment of state bulletin

"After the final destruction of the Nazi tyr-
anny, they hope to see establislied a peace which
will afford to all nations the means of dwelling
in safety within their own boundaries, and
which will afford assurance that all the men in
all the lands may live out their lives in freedom
from fear and want."

The war of the United Nations is a people's
war.

Free peoples rarely commence war; this
war was in fact begun by three dictatorships.
But wars are almost invariably won and peace
is finally reestablished by the victory of free
peoples. So it will be with the present war.

In waging and winning the war, and in mak-
ing and holding the peace, the United Nations
rightly rely on peoples : The people of Britain
in their classic defense of their homeland; the
people of Russia in rising up to crush an in-
vader with unparalleled sacrifice ; the vast peo-
ple of China, first to resist and longest to endure ;
the people of the United States, turning their
plows into swords; the Dutch making a stand
of unparalleled gallantry in the western Pacific.
With them are the hundreds and millions of the
people of India; and the millions within the
areas pillaged by barbarian arms : The Belgians,
the Greeks, tlie Yugoslavs, the Czechs, the Nor-
wegians, the Poles, even the tiny people of Lux-
embourg.

With these again are the peoples of the great
members of the British Commonwealth of Na-
tions : Our neighbors of Canada, our friends in
Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.
And with them too are the representatives of
the great American family of nations: Costa
Rica, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, El Salva-
dor, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Nicaragua,
and Panama. It is a roll call of great nations.

The voiceless peoples whose governments
have been submerged are not forgotten ; a place
is ready for them. We know from endless
sources now that even the peoples of our ene-
mies pray in their hearts that the United Na-
tions shall succeed.

Ill

A people's war is vastly different from a
war of politicians or governments. Rather,
it is a kind of revolution — in this case, a kindly
revolution — fighting to crush a cruel revolu-
tion. It is a war of men to preserve their
right to be men, fought against slave armies
led by masters who propose to wipe out even
the right to manhood. The Declaration by
United Nations, like the Declaration of Inde-
pendence, speaks not of desire to seize terri-
tory or plunder or power. It speaks of the
rights of men by which you and I live: The
right to be free to worship God; the right to
be free from fear of foreign bombs or bayo-
nets; the right to think; the right to be fed
and clothed and housed in a modern world
which can give food and shelter and clothing
for every child, woman, and man in this teem-
ing earth. As these rights are made valid by
victorious arms, they mean, and were intended
to mean, tlie beginning of a new world era.

They mean freedom for the gi'eat masses in
Asia. They mean release for the slaves of
Nazi-occupied Europe. They mean that the
materials and resources of the world will be
administered so as to be accessible to all na-
tions. They mean that a measure of security
will be provided for individual men and
women. They mean that the highways of land
and sea are open to everyone who will trade
or travel in peace.

For these, the peoples are on the march by
hundreds of millions upon hundreds of mil-
lions; and you and I are among them.

As these united peoples join ranks there is
no distinction or discrimination of race or
color or class or creed. There is no master
race. The common bond is that of common,
decent, kindly humanity. In worthiness, the
bond could be no less.

Within this gi-eat frame the methods of
making the ultimate peace are already appear-
ing. The American family of nations com-
prises an entire hemisphere and has learned to
live together in peace and in friendship and in

MARCH 7, 1942

205

mutual help. The British Commonwealth of
Nations, another great family working like-
wise toward a common helpfulness, is a second
great group. In Europe, nation after nation
is joining hands with its neighbors and friends,
as Russia and Poland did only the other day.
In Asia, the leader of a Free China talks to
India, and Filipinos fight shoulder to shoul-
der with MacArthur. These nations fight to-
gether in war, which is great; but they will
work together when they have conquered
cruelty and won the peace, which is greater
still.

Even as they forge the great organizations of
war they plan the use of these organizations to
relieve the distress of the world when war is
done and to bring again peace, order, and fruit-
fulness to a devastated world, under law which
will protect freedom and render an economic
system which gives opportunity and life.

The measures for doing this are already in
existence.

We are free from the bonds of outworn
finance. You have noticed that no war effort is
limited on financial grounds. Food, arms, and
materials go from those who have them to those
who need them. We call this in America "lend-
lease", and under that system the needs of peo-
ples will be met from China to the English
Channel. As more peoples are freed to join the
United Nations, they receive their share.

By means of the joint supply and transport
authorities, a vast transport system is coming
into existence which will be able in time to
serve all parts of the earth by sea and air.

Already the system of communication and
the press has given a common language and a
common thought which has brought nations
closer together. Uruguay knows the opinion of
Ottawa ; Chicago knows the thinking of Chung-
king.

The forces of the United Nations by sea and
land and air are great instruments of law. They
are engaged in crushing international criminals
who have sought to rob and murder and op-
press. They act by common counsel and they
work under united conamands. They are friends
among themselves, and friends and givers of
freedom in the nations to which they come.

In such a war and with such a group there can
be no end but victory. No other result is worth
having. Freedom is indivisible.

The United Nations have soberly estimated
the great burden which history has given them
and which they have proudly assumed. But
they have the strength, the resources, and the
ability to win. The stupendous program of the
United States is already under way and on
schedule. The avalanche of force is steadily
building. The task is great. The time may be
long. But there can be only one end — the de-
struction of evil forces and the reestablishment
of a kindly world.

According to President Roosevelt's prophecy,
the United States has met its rendezvous with
destiny. At the meeting-place there are the
peoples of the earth, free and seeking freedom,
joining forces to make a tide of irresistible
strength. Their line has gone out through all
the earth. Their victory will be to the ends
of it.

AGREEMENTS WITH BRAZIL

[Released to the press March 3]

To implement the resolutions of the recent
meeting of the foreign ministers in Rio de
Janeiro, His Excellency Dr. Arthur de Souza
Costa, Minister of Finance of Brazil, and offi-
cials of this Government have concluded a
series of important agreements designed to

fortify the security of the American republics.
These agreements are as follows :

1. The Finance Minister of Brazil and the
Acting Secretary of State signed an exchange of
notes providing for a program for the mobiliza-
tion of the productive resources of Brazil, and
for a line of credit of $100,000,000 to be made

206

available through the Export-Import Bank.
The texts of the notes exchanged are given
below.

2. Officials of the Export-Import Bank and
the Metals Reserve Company signed agreements
with the Minister of Finance of Brazil and the
British Ambassador for the development of the
Itabira mining properties and the Victoria-
Minas Railroad, with accompanying arrange-
ments for the procurement by the United States
and Great Britain of the high-grade iron ores
to be produced in these properties. Details
with regard to these arrangements are available
at the Export-Import Bank.

3. The Ambassador of Brazil and the Acting
Secretary of State signed an agreement provid-
ing for expanded assistance to Brazil under the
provisions of the Lend-Lease Act of March 11,
1941.

4. The Brazilian Minister of Finance and the
Acting Secretary of State signed and exchanged
notes providing for the establishment of a five-
million-dollar fund by the Rubber Reserve
Company to be used in collaboration with the
Brazilian Government in developing the raw-
rubber production of the Amazon "Valley and
adjacent regions. The notes were accompanied
by an agreement whereby the Rubber Reserve
Company agreed to purchase Brazilian raw rub-
ber for a period of five years.

The text of a note to the Acting Secretary of
State, Mr. Sumner Welles, dated March 3, from
His Excellency, Dr. Arthur de Souza Costa,
Minister of Finance of Brazil, follows :

"In Resolution II of the Third Meeting of
the Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the Ameri-
can Republics at Rio de Janeiro the Govern-
ment of Brazil undertook to cooperate with the
other American republics to the utmost possible
degree in the mobilization of its economic re-
sources with the special objective of increasing
the production of those strategic materials
essential for the defense of the Hemisphere and
for the maintenance of the economies of Brazil
and the other American republics.

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BXJLLETTN

"The Government of Brazil, through the
Brazilian Economic Mission which I have the
honor to head, proposes at once to take meas-
ures effectively to carry out this undertaking
and to further the program of developing the
production of such materials, upon which it has
been engaged for some time.

"The Government of Brazil believes that the
most effective manner to carry out its broad pur-
poses will be the establishment of a new gov-
ernment organization to investigate and pro-
mote the development of strategic materials and
other natural resources of Brazil. The new or-
ganization, wliich might be a new department
of the Brazilian Government or a government-
controlled corpoi'ation, would examine all fea-
sible projects for such development and would
see that those recommended be effected, either
by existing enterprises in Brazil, or, where suit-
able entities do not already exist, by new de-
partments, independent organizations or private
enterprises which would be established for the
purpose.

"In either case the new organization would
function as a dependency of the Government of
Brazil not primarily for profit, but rather for
carrying out to the fullest degree possible in the
interests of Brazil and the other American re-
publics, the development of the country's natural
resources.

"The new Brazilian organization would be
aided in its work if it were able to rely to a very
considerable degree on United States expert as-
sistance. Moreover, to carry out its program
the Brazilian Government would require, in
addition to funds for local expenditures to be
supplied by Brazil, a line of dollar credits, in
an amount of about $100,000,000, to be drawn
against as needed for dollar expenditures in con-
nection with specific projects.

"Such credits would be utilized in projects
undertaken directly by the Brazilian Govern-
ment or by private individuals approved by it.

"On behalf of the Government of Brazil and
in accordance with understandings which the

MARCH 7, 1942

Brazilian Economic Mission, which I have the
honor to head, has had with officials of the Gov-
ernment of the United States, I should greatly
appreciate it if Your Excellency's Government
studied sympathetically the present program of
financial and expert cooperation.

"It is my firm conviction that a cooperative
program such as that outlined above can be of
the greatest value to both of our nations in
carrying out the intent of the resolutions of Rio
de Janeiro to mobilize the economic potentiali-
ties of the Hemisphere in our common defense.

"I avail [etc.]"

Mr. Welles sent the following reply to the
Brazilian Minister of Finance on March 3 :

"I acknowledge the receipt of your note of
March 3, 1942, outlining a program for further
economic cooperation between the United States
and Brazil in furtherance of Eesolution II of
the Third Meeting of the Ministers of Foreign
Affairs of the American Republics at Rio de
Janeiro, calling for the mobilization of the pro-
ductive resources of the American republics.

"I have the honor to inform you that the
appropriate agencies of the Government of the
United States have considered carefully this
program and are prepared to extend the finan-
cial and expert cooperation essential to its suc-
cess. I have been informed by the Secretary of
Commerce that he is agreeable to the opening
of a line of credit of up to $100,000,000 for the
purpose of financing dollar expenditures in con-
nection with specific projects to be undertaken
by the Brazilian Government through the
agency of the proposed new organization. It is
contemplated that such projects shall be under-
taken after agreement between the Brazilian
Government, acting through the new organiza-
tion, and the Government of the United States,
acting through the Department of Commerce,
and that appropriate United States technical
and expert assistance shall be made available
as necessary and desirable. The Secretary of
Commerce will consider and act upon such
projects within the period in which the Export-

207

Import Bank of Washington is in a position to
provide these credits, and to the extent that its
funds may be available for this purpose. De-
tails of the arrangements may be worked out
between representatives of the Government of
Brazil and the Secretary of Commerce.

"It is of course understood that although the
United States is desirous of cooperating to the
fullest extent in the general development of the
Brazilian economy, the carrying out of specific
projects which require important amounts of
machinery, equipment or other materials pro-
duced in the United States must be conditioned
upon careful investigation and determination
that the particular project will contribute in an
important manner to the progress of our war
effort and to the security of the Hemisphere, and
has accordingly been granted the appropriate
priority ratings.

"I believe that the cooperative program which
the Governments of Brazil and the United States
of America are undertaking will constitute a
further great step forward in mutually bene-
ficial economic relationships between our two
countries and in the mobilization of the eco-
nomic resources of the Western Hemisphere.

"Accept [etc.]"

[Released to the press March 3]

The following statements were made on March
3 by the Brazilian Minister of Finance, His Ex-
cellency Dr. Arthur de Souza Costa; the Brazil-
ian Ambassador to the United States, His Ex-
cellency Carlos Martins; and the Acting Sec-
retary of State, the Honorable Sumner Welles,
on the occasion of the signing of the agreements
between this Government and Brazil :

Statement by Dr. Souza Costa

The agreements which we have just signed are
significant not only because of their concrete
objectives of increasing the capacity for produc-
tion in order to overcome present difficulties but
principally in the sense of countervailing the
idealogies of hate and disunity by the spirit of
solidarity which inspires the governments of
America.

208

DEPAETMENT OF STATE BULLETEST

Statement hy Ambassador Martins

Now that we have found the way to solve
these problems, it is with a feeling of deepest
pleasure that I sign these agreements as Am-
bassador of Brazil.

They are as a shining light marking the al-
ready bright path of political relations between
our two countries, and they unveil before our
eyes the vast horizons of further economic
progress.

Statement hy Mr. Welles

Our Government has just signed a new Lend-
Lease Agreement with Brazil in order that the
Brazilian Government may be able to speed up
Brazilian armament for self-defense and thus
enhance the security of the entire hemisphere.

Our two Goverimients have also signed an
additional agreement whereby Brazil will co-
operate with the United States by producing
and supplying vitally important strategic ma-
terials required in our national-defense pro-
gram.

Thig is one of the concrete answers of Brazil
and of the United States to Hitlerism and the
other declared enemies of the liberties of the
Americas, of Christian civilization, and of man-
kind itself.

FRENCH ISLAND POSSESSIONS
IN THE PACIFIC

[Released to the press March 2]

The text of a statement made by the Ameri-
can Vice Consul at Noumea to the High Com-
missioner of New Caledonia and made public
by the latter on February 28, 1942 follows:

"The policy of the Government of the United
States as regards France and French territory
has been based upon the maintenance of the in-
tegrity of France and of the French Empire
and of the eventual restoration of the complete
independence of all French territories. Mind-
ful of its traditional friendship for France,
this Government deeply sympatliizes not only
with the desire of the French people to maintain
their territories intact but with the efforts of

the French people to continue to resist the forces
of aggression. In its relations with the local
French authorities in French territories the
United States has been and will continue to be
governed by the manifest effectiveness with
which those authorities endeavor to protect
their territories from domination and control by
the common enemy.

"With the French authorities in effective con-
trol of French territories in the Pacific this
Government has treated and will continue to
treat on the basis of their actual administration
of the territories involved. This Government
recognizes, in particular, that French island
possessions in that area are under the effective
control of the French National Committee
established in London and the United States au-
thorities are cooperating for the defense of these
islands with the authorities established by the
French National Committee and with no other
French authority. This Government appre-
ciates the importance of New Caledonia in the
defense of the Pacific area."

JOINT BRITISH- AMERICAN RELIEF TO
GREECE

[Released to the press March 6]

The United States and British Governments
have agreed to a request by the Greek War Re-
lief Association of New York for permission
immediately to charter a vessel to transport
2,300 long tons of flour from the United States
to Greece, provided adequate guaranties are ob-
tained from the Axis governments and satisfac-
tory arrangements can be made for the distribu-
tion of the flour to the suffering Greek popu-
lation.

The program of aid to Greece through ship-
ments from Turkey is also going forward to the
extent that food is available. Permission, fur-
thermore, has recently been gi-anted to the Greek
Government to transfer to Switzerland the
equivalent of one million Swiss francs from
funds of the Greek Government in the United
States, to purchase condensed milk in Switzer-
land for the relief of children in Greece.

MARCH 1, 1942

209

In considering plans for the relief of Greece,
particular attention is paid to the provisions for
the distribution of the food to the Greek peoples
themselves and for preventing the Axis powers,
who have created the appalling conditions of
famine which exist in that counti-y, from being
aided by the relief measures employed. It is
realized that no measures for the adequate relief
of Greece will be possible until the final defeat
of the Axis. The necessity, however, for the
prompt use of any feasible means for assisting
Greece is fully realized.

ADVISORY MISSION TO INDIA

[Released to the press March 6]

The military situation in southeastern Asia
emphasizes the need to develop fully, and as
rapidly as feasible, the industrial resources of
India as a supply base for the armed forces of
the United Nations in the Near East and the
Far East. The Government of the United
States, accordingly, inquired whether the Gov-
erimient of India would agi'ee to the despatch
to India of a technical mission whicli could ex-
amine and report on the possibilities of Ameri-
can assistance in such development. The Gov-
ernment of India has expressed its readiness to
receive sucli a mission and lias invited it to be
its guests during the mission's stay in India.
Accordingly, it has been decided that the mis-
sion should proceed to India as soon as possible.

It is hoped that the jjersonnel of the mission
may be announced shortly. The Government
of the United States and the Government of
India earnestly hope that this step in American-
Indian collaboration may serve to make an effec-
tive contribution to the success of the United
Nations in the war against aggression.

AMERICANS IN THE FAR EAST

[Released to the press March 5]

The Swiss Government has made available to
this Government the following message, of Feb-
ruary 25, from the Swiss Minister at Tokyo, re-
porting the substance of information received
from the Japanese Foreign Office in regard to

44S141 — 42 2

the welfare of the personnel of the American
Consular Offices in Harbin and Mukden :

On December 8, 1941 the personnel of the
offices of the American Consulates General at
Harbin and Mukden were placed under surveil-
lance in their respective consular premises;
they were deprived of short-wave radios, and
telephone communication with the exterior was
authorized in principle only through guards or
interpreters; for exceptional reasons they can
leave the premises under surveillance. With re-
gard to food, all measui'es have been taken to
avoid privation, Chinese employees being per-
mitted to go to tlie market daily foi' provisions.
With regard to health, there is nothing to note
with the exception of Mr. Jay Dixon Edwards,
American Vice Consul at Harbin who, suffering
from throat trouble in December, underwent
hospital treatment.

Mr. Jay Dixon Edwards is a native of Wau-
sau, Wis.

The American Consulate at Melbourne, Aus-
tralia, has reported the safe arrival in that port
of Mr. Jesse Frederick Van Wickel, of Brook-
lyn, N. Y., former American Consul at Batavia ;
Mr. V. Lansing Collins, of Princeton, N. J.,
former American Vice Consul at Batavia, and
his wife and baby ; Mrs. Kenneth S. Patton, wife
of the former Amei'ican Consul General at
Singaj^ore; Mrs. Walter A. Foote, wife of the
former American Consul General at Batavia;
Mrs. Harold D. Robison, wife of the former
American Consul at Singapore; and Mrs.
Charles O. Thompson, wife of the former Amer-
ican Vice Consul at Singapore, and her two
sons.

[Released to the press March 7]

The Department of State has been informed
officially that as of February 27, 1942 Mr. Victor
Keen, representative of tlie New York IJerald-
Tribune in Shanghai, and Mr. J. B. Powell,
editor of the C'hinn Weekly Review, had been
arrested and detained in Shanghai under charges
of espionage. The information continued that
both Messrs. Keen and Powell are in good
health.

210

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BtTLLETIN

THE PROBLEM OF ECONOMIC PEACE AFTER THE WAR

ADDRESS BY LEO PASVOLSKY'

[Released to the press March 4]
I

For the second time in the lifetime of many
of us, mankind will some day be confronted
with the Herculean task of rebuilding the fabric
of international relationships shattered by a
world war. Our country and all nations associ-
ated with us in the present conflict are resolved
that the brutal forces of conquest and domina-
tion will be utterly destroyed. We must be
equally determined that, once the earth is freed
from the menace of these sinister forces, inter-
national relations must and will be so organized
as to be an open and unobstructed highway of
human progress toward an enduring peace
among nations, based on justice and on order
under law, and toward an increasing measure
of economic and social welfare for the individ-
ual everywhere.

The winning of the war is but the first stage
in the winning of the peace. Wars are not
fought for their own sake, but for the sake of
determining which of the jirotagonists will
shape the peace that follows.

In the last post-war period, the nations which,
through untold sacrifice of life and treasure,
established their right to shape the peace failed
to take positive action necessary for fulfilling
the vast responsibility which thus devolved upon
them. The two unhappy and uneasy decades
which elapsed between 1919 and 1939 were
characterized by a fatal drift toward a new and
greater disaster — a drift which went on in spite
of many efforts to arrest it and to reverse it.

After this second world war, the central
problem confronting mankind will be exactly
the same as that which confronted us after the
last war. That problem is dual in character.

^ Delivered at the National Study Conference of the
Comniission To Study the Bases of a .lust and Durable
Peace of the Federal Council of the Churches of Christ
in America, Delaware, Ohio, March 4, 1942. Mr. Pas-
volsky is Special Assistant to the Secretary of State.

First, to create a system of international po-
litical relationships which would offer a reason-
able hope for the preservation of a just peace
among nations with the least practicable diver-
sion of economic effort to the maintenance of
armed forces; and

Second, to create, domestically and interna-
tionally, economic conditions which would make
possible a progressive movement toward an
efficient utilization of the human and material
resources of the world on a scale adequate to
insure the greatest practicable measure of full
and stable emplojmient accompanied by rising
standards of living everywhere.

These basic objectives were stated clearly in
the Atlantic Declaration of last August. They
were i-e-endorsed in the Joint Declaration of the
United Nations of two months ago.

The two objectives are closely interrelated.
Sound economic policies will be impossible with-
out confidence that peace will prevail and with-
out assurance that the burden of armaments will
be reduced to manageable proportions. But
peace will be precarious at best, unless there
exists for it a sound economic foundation.
Both objectives, therefore, must be pursued
simultaneously.

The full attainment of both of these objec-
tives will necessarily be a long process, pro-
ceeding in a series of stages. What is important
is that progress in each field be such as to re-
inforce progress in the other. And progress will
have to be measured in terms of the speed and
effectiveness with which appropriate machinery
is set up in each field.

I shall not deal in this address with the ma-
chinery which will be necessary for the attain-
ment of the political peace objective. On the
assumption that such machinery will be cre-
ated, I shall focus my attention on the types of
action which will be involved in the creation of
the necessary economic machinery, especially in
the international field.

MARCH 7, 1942

211

At the risk of giving you a rather dull quar-
ter of an hour, I shall recite at the outset some
of the basic economic considerations involved.

International economic relationships ai'S
numerous and varied in character. Nations ex-
change physical commodities, either as raw ma-
terials or as processed goods. They render
each other a large variety of services. Some
nations make loans to others, and the bori-ow-
ing countries discharge their obligations.

The importance of all these relationships
arises from the fact that we live in a world in
which natural wealth, technical skills, and fi-
nancial strength are so distributed over the sur-
face of the earth that each nation possesses a
surplus of some of the things which some other
nations lack, and no nation, however large, pos-
sesses in adequate measure all of the elements
that constitute the material foundations of
economic well-being. No nation can hope to
provide for its population even the necessities
of modern life if it has access solely to its own
resources. Nor can any group of nations —
unless, indeed, it comprises almost the entire
globe — hope to attain in isolation nearly as
high a level of well-being as it can when the eco-
nomic interdependence of nations is translated
into a world-wide system of peaceful and mu-
tually beneficial exchange of goods and services,
through which alone each nation can have as
satisfactory an access as may be practicable to
the resources of the entire world.

International trade is the process by which
nations exchange physical commodities. Apart
from the exchange of services which are of
relatively lesser importance, it is the instrument
by means of which nations with undeveloped
natural resources or insufficient financial
strength secure capital from wealthier nations
and by means of which they eventually repay
their obligations. Hence, trade is by far the
most important of international economic re-
lationships and is, in fact, basic to all the others.

When nations deliberately move in the direc-
tion of national or group self-sufficiency, or
when they, for any other reason, adopt policies
which obstruct international trade or impair

its efficacy, they find themselves correspond-
ingly compelled to curtail or leave undeveloped
some of their relatively most efficient branches
of production, to expand, if they can, some of
their relatively less efficient ones ; and to create,
again if they can, branches of production for
which their conditions are not as well adapted
as are conditions in some other areas. By doing
this, they not only deprive themselves of the
benefits of international exchange but neces-
sarily force other nations to do likewise. The
net result is reduced productivity all around
and an inexorable lowering of the standards
of life everywhere.

International trade, moving as nearly as may
be practicable along the channels of natural ad-
vantage and of mutual benefit to the parties
concerned, is the foundation of economic peace
and an indisi^ensable element in the promotion
of human welfare. International trade, ob-
structed by excessive barriers and forced into
artificial channels, is the most potent instrument
of economic war, which serves inexorably as a
depressant of human welfare.

Thus international economic relations are not
an end in themselves. They are rather an in-
tegral part of the whole complex of economic
activity whereby the material wants of man are
satisfied, and in the efficacy of which interna-
tional economic relations are a determining
economic factor.

In a world organized along national lines,
much of that activity is necessarily domestic,
and economic progress is obviously impossible
without appropriate domestic policies and meas-
ures, but it is equally impossible in conditions
of economic war. Its mainsprings lie solely
neither in the field of domestic action nor in the
field of international action but in a proper
combination of the two.

The basic requirements of economic progress
are expansion and improvement of production
and increase of international trade, which are
primary prerequisites of increased consumption.
Increased production and increased trade are
themselves inescapably interdependent factors.
In the long run, neither is possible without the
other, but neither flows automatically from the
other.

212

DEPAETIMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

The expansion and improvement of each
country's productive facilities and the creation
of other conditions conchicive to increased con-
sumption require many domestic policies and
measures. To the extent to which such policies
and measures are successful, they of course
stimulate international commerce. But domes-
tic action cannot be fully successful unless it
takes i^lace in conditions in which the trade
process itself is not prevented, by inappropriate
international policies, from making its indis-
pensable contribution to growing production
and growing consumption. The creation of
these conditions is a task of international collab-
oration in a number of fields of international
economic relationships.

Ill

Both theory and experience lead to the con-
clusion that international trade increases in
its economic usefulness in proportion as the
policies and arrangements under which it func-
tions are such as to enable each nation, as
nearly as may be practicable, to sell its sur-
plus production and to obtain the surplus prod-
ucts of other nations wherever this can be done
most advantageously. This does not and need
not mean completely free trade, in the sense of
a total absence of trade regulation. That con-
cept requires, for its realization in the inter-
national field, the existence of many complex
conditions which do not obtain today and are
not likely to obtain in any discernible future.
Moreover, practical experience indicates that
the attainment of a relatively high degree of
expanding economic prosperity for all coun-
tries, so far as it is determined by international
commerce, does not require completely free
trade as one of its indispensable prerequisites.
What it does require is a large measure of
flexibility in trade movements. This is pos-
sible only through a trade process which is
regulated, if at all, predominantly by such
methods as reasonable tariffs and not by quan-
titative controls and other devices that cause
an artificial channelization of trade move-
ments and which functions on the basis of a
system of multilateral rather than bilateral

balancing of the international accounts of in-
dividual countries.

A bilateral system is one under which a coun-
try pays for its imports with currency which
is good only for purchases from it or for the
discharging of other obligations to it alone. A
multilateral system is one under which a coun-
try's proceeds of sales to another country be-
come available for purchases from, or the dis-
charging of other obligations to, any country.
Since trade and all other international trans-
actions — the results of which comprise for each
country its balance of international pay-
ments — are expressed in terms of money, and
since each country has its own monetary sys-
tem, multilateral balancing of international
accounts is possible only when national cur-
rencies are freely interchangeable at stable
exchange rates.

Interchangeability of currencies and stabil-
ity of foreign-exchange rates can be maintained
only between countries, each of which possesses
at all times either a sufficient supply of for-
eign currencies to meet demands for such cur-
rencies or the ability readily to obtain foreign
currencies. The supply arises out of export
of goods, rendering of services, earnings on
loans and investments in other countries, and
borrowing. The demands arise out of imports
of goods, payments for services rendered by
other countries, debt payments, and lending.

In order that the foreign-exchange process —
that is, the purchase and sale of foreign curren-
cies — may function smoothly, each country
needs reserves of foreign currencies or ability to
replenish its I'eserves when necessary. Such re-
plenishment is accomplished by borrowing or
by liquidation of foreign investments, where
there are any ; under the gold-standard system,
exports of gold provide an additional and very
convenient method of replenishing reserves of
foreign currencies. The reserves serve the role
of a revolving fund to provide for temporary
lack of balance between the supply of and the
demand for foreign currencies. The stability
and interchangeability of a country's currency
is endangered or destroyed when its total inter-
national outgo tends to exceed its total interna-

MARCH 7, 19 42

213

tional income and thus to deplete its available
reserves.

This situation may result from that country's
own action or from the actions of other coun-
tries, or both. It may arise as a consequence of
domestic policies or of international policies.
And the factors involved in the maintenance of
currency stability and interchangeability are so
closely interdependent that they affect each
other immediately and therefore retard or pro-
mote the functioning of the multilateral system.

Inability to compete internationally, or un-
willingness to make the adjustments necessary
for that purpose, has been a frequent cause of
trade restrictions, while trade practices which
obstruct commerce or which cause artificial
diversion of trade have often been responsible
for foreign -exchange controls or unstable for-
eign-exchange rates. Delibei-ate alterations of
exchange rates have been resorted to as a means
of improving a country's international competi-
tive position or as an instrument of domestic
policy. Foreign-exchange controls have been
imposed as a method of equilibrating the bal-
ances of payments, especially by debtor coun-
tries. Commercial and monetary policies of this
type have obstructed useful movements of capi-
tal, while unsound investment and credit policies
have often led to trade restrictions and monetary
instability. Unsound fiscal policies have fre-
quently caused flights of capital and thus re-
sulted in break-downs of monetary stability.

Singly or in combination, these and many
other factors, too numerous to be treated within
the scope of this address, inevitably weaken the
multilateral system, create a tendency toward
bilateralism, and in extreme cases, result in at-
tempts to turn deliberately to a system of bi-
lateral balancing. Their most important result
is that they impair international trade and,
therefore, have adverse effects on production and
consumption everywhere. Under multilater-
alism, trade trends to be flexible and, therefore,
to flow along the channels of natural advantage.
Under bilateralism, trade tends to be rigidly and
artificially channelized. Multilateral balanc-
ing, therefore, allows a broad scope for free
enterprise and a widening of economic oppor-

448141—42 3

tunity, and thus provides a foundation for
policies and measures designed to promote eco-
nomic stability accompanied by rising living
standards. Bilateral balancing imposes trade
regimentation, narrows economic opportunity,
and makes economic stability possible only on
tlie basis of lowered living standards, if at all.
The creation after the war — as rapidly as pos-
sible and as fully as possible — of conditions in-
dispensable to a system of world trade operating
on the basis of a substantial freedom from ob-
structive regulation and on the basis of multi-
lateral balancing of international accounts will
be an urgent requirement for all countries, in-
cluding our own. Unless that need is met, pro-
duction and trade will stagnate everywhere, no
matter what other measures are taken, and liv-
ing standards will suffer in consequence.

In this fundamental respect the situation after
the present war will be no different in charac-
ter but far more difficult than was that which
existed after the last war. And there will be one
new factor of the utmost importance. After
this war more will be expected of the reconstruc-
tion process than was the case after the last one.
A greater emphasis than ever before is being
placed on the so-called "social objective". Gov-
ernments everywhere will have to make good
their present promises to create conditions of
economic security and higher levels of indi-
vidual well-being.

These are, unquestionably, attainable objec-
tives, in terms of the availability of basic re-
sources and the possibilities of a proper utiliza-
tion of these resources. But their actual attain-
ment will depend on the type of basic policies
which are adopted and resolutely pursued.

It was in the field of these policies that lay
the principal mistakes and failures of the last
post-war reconstruction effort. The dangers
inherent in a repetition of these failures will be
far greater than they were then. After this
war mankind will be even less able to afford the
mistakes made after the last war.

It is well, therefore, to recall briefly what
happened during the last post-war reconstruc-
tion effort and the whole interval between the
two ware.

214

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

The world emerged from the war of 1914-18
in a sorry economic state. National currencies
were in a disordered condition. International
trade was fettered by restrictions carried over
from the war period and by new barriers rising
on all sides with the rapidity of mushroom
growth. Production was disorganized in many
areas. Many countries were in gi-eat need of
imports, for which they had no way of paying.
Chaotic public finance prevailed in most parts
of Europe. A greatly increased load of inter-
national debt weighed on many countries, and
astronomical sums were being assessed on the
reparation account.

The post-war reconstruction effort required
action in all these fields. It was successfully
undertaken only in some.

Imports were provided where they were
urgently needed, partly on the basis of relief
but mostly on credit; the necessary financing
was done largely by the United States and Great
Britain, but also to some extent by France, the
Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, and Canada.
Over a period of a few years the stability and
interchangeability of national curi-encies were
reestablished. Fiscal conditions were greatly
improved in most countries. After the initial
post-war difficulties of internal organization
were overcome, production began to recover in
most areas where it had been badly disorgan-
ized.

All these were indispensable both for immedi-
ate reconstruction and as foundations for fur-
ther economic advancement. But they obvi-
ously were not enough. Action was also needed
in several other essential phases of the recon-
struction process, and these, unfortmiately, were
almost completely neglected or worse.

In the all important field of international
trade relations the dominant note was a steady
growth of exaggerated j^i'otectionism. In the
early post-war years the United States led the
way through the enactment of the McCumber-
Fordney tariff. In the middle twenties the
jjrotectionist impetus came largely from Europe,
especially from Germany. In 1928 we again
took the lead by inaugurating our preparations

for what became the Hawley-Smoot tariff.
Greater and greater obstacles were placed in
the way of imports, and, since one nation's
imports are the exports of another or other
nations, the total volume of international com-
merce was prevented from undergoing an ade-
quate expansion.

The inadequate volume of world trade and
the commercial policies pursued in the post-war
period rendered illusory any hope that a stable
international financial structure could be
created. Debtor nations could not develop a
sufficient volume of international income out of
which to meet their debt pajanents because they
found their sales opportunities limited by the
restrictions which creditor nations were plac-
ing on imports.

The existence of a vast body of international
indebtedness bequeathed by the war, which in-
cluded enormous reparation payments, was in
itself a source of acute maladjustment. We shut
our eyes to the simple but crucial fact that war-
time lending is always governed by a variety of
considerations, peculiar to the abnormal con-
ditions of war, which no longer apply in time
of peace and which should be given due weight
in determining the liquidation of the resulting
obligations. Even if sound economic policies
prevailed in the world at the end of the last war,
the volume of international trade coidd scarcely
have risen fast enough to provide a vehicle for
a satisfactory liquidation of war debts, super-
unposed as they were on the already existing
and currently ci'eated debt obligations. It is
far more likely that, under the most favorable
conditions, attempts to collect the war debts,
because of their magnitude and because they
had been incurred in the process of destruction,
would have been a seriously retarding factor.
As it was, they proved to be a strangling dead
hand.

In many countries, especially of Europe, a
greater and greater share of economic effort was
directed into the field of armaments. In many
countries much economic effort was wasted in
unproductive enterprise. Technological prog-
ress was going on rapidly in some countries and
slowly in others, and this fact made it difficult
for the lagging countries to maintain their

MARCH 7, 1942

215

internatioiiiil competitive position. Little
attention was given to the development of eco-
nomically backward areas. Inadequate atten-
tion was given to the distribution of national
income. The volume of useful production and
the volume of consumption, retarded by the
commercial policies which were being pursued,
were still further held back by these and other
domestic factors.

Each nation pursued its economic policies,
both domestic and international, in jealously
guarded independence from the rest of the
world. International economic conferences
were conspicuous for an almost complete non-
existence of cooperative effort and a resulting
absence of constructive achievements.

Into this world of contradictory and discord-
ant policies, several countries — most of all, the
United States — poured capital funds on a vast
scale. During the first post-war decade we ex-
ported huge amounts of capital to A^arious parts
of the world in the form of loans and invest-
ments. Great Britain was also an exporter of
capital on a large scale. France sent abroad
large amounts of capital in the form of short-
term investments. To a lesser extent capital was
exported by Holland, Switzerland, and Sweden.

All these movements of funds created an arti-
ficial prosperity in both the lending and the bor-
rowing countries and enabled the latter to main-
tain a precarious solvency. In fact, a large part
of the movements of capital merely made it pos-
sible for the debtor countries to meet their cur-
rent debt payments, which, of course, constantly
increased the volume of their total obligations.

In our case, foreign lending enabled us to
maintain our exports at a relatively high level,
while we put formidable obstacles in the way of
our imports. In these circumstances — since we
insisted at the same time upon collecting inter-
est, dividend, and amortization payments owing
us on both the war and the non-war debt ac-
counts — a substantial part of our foreign loans
served solely to provide the rest of the world
with dollars for meeting a large portion of its
debt payments to us.

Our foreign lending was utterly haphazard.
Little or no attention was given to the economic

implications of the export of capital. The lend-
ing process was unrelated either to our other
international economic policies or to the policies
pursued by other nations. Only by continued
lending could we, for a time at least, disguise
the contradictory and inherently unsound na-
ture of our commercial and debt-collection pol-
icies, and postpone, both for ourselves and for
the rest of the world, the inevitable day of
reckoning.

Foreign lending by other countries was on no
healthier basis than ours. Moreover, much of
the movement of funds was in the form of short-
term loans, subject to sudden demands for re-
payment, thus introducing another factor of in-
stability into an already unstable situation.

Had international lending, on a scale on
which it actually took place, occurred at a time
when sound rather than unsound policies pre-
vailed in the world, and on a healthy basis, it
would have, undoubtedly, resulted in a vast and
immensely beneficial expansion of production
and trade and in a general increase of national
and individual welfare. It would also have
contributed greatly to economic stability every-
where. As it was, much of it was wasted as a
mere unproductive channel for the transfer of
debt payments, and the rest served as an arti-
ficial and necessarily temporary stimulus, under
the influence of which world production and
world trade did rise, but at an inadequate rate
and, in too many instances, in undesirable
directions.

A situation was created in which the debtor
nations of the world found themselves in the
jiosition of a person whose debts grow faster
than his income, forced — in part by his own
actions and in part by the actions of his cred-
itors — either to devote a larger and larger share
of his income to debt payments, or to borrow
more and still more in order to maintain an
artificial prosperity and a precarious solvency,
fuially going banki*upt when the stream of lend-
ing begins to dry up while at the same time
demands for repayment grow more insistent,
and dragging down to disaster not only himself
but his imprudent creditors as well.

This was precisely what happened to the
world at the end of the first post-war decade and

216

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BtJLLETIN

was one of the decisive factors responsible for
the oncoming of the great depression, and espe-
cially for its depth and duration. Thereafter,
for nearly another decade, the world lived
through a period of economic stagnation, high-
lighted by savage and disastrous economic
warfare.

During the thirties some nations, in an effort
to preserve monetary stability and financial sol-
vency, subjected their imports to rigid and far-
reaching regulation and devised means of forc-
ing their exjjorts. This was accomplished
through such devices as heightened tariffs, em-
bargoes, quotas, exchange controls, multiple
currencies, subsidies, and a whole arsenal of
other weapons of economic warfare. Since — to
repeat — one nation's imports are the exports of
another or other nations, the latter naturally
reacted by augmenting their own trade barriers.
A vicious spiral of retaliation and counter-
retaliation was set into motion. International
trade was rapidly dwindling, and what re-
mained was bemg strait-jacketed more and more
into a system of narrow bilateral relationships.

One commercially important nation, Nazi
Germany, adopted trade regimentation and
narrow bilateralism, not for economic reasons
but as an adjunct of political action — as an im-
portant part of her machinery for carrying out
a program of reaimament on a vast scale. This
required a high degree of selection as regards
imports to make sure that materials necessary
for armaments were procured. It required the
forcing of exports to pay for the imports.
Since, however, a disproportionate share of both
the productive equipment and the imported raw
materials was diverted to armament production,
the volume of available exports tended to fall
short of the amounts required to pay for im-
ports. The difference was made up through the
operation of the bilateral balancing system —
that is, through the use of blocked marks which
represented enforced loans to Germany by the
countries from which she made her purchases.

By all these devices and because of the more
or less complacent acquiescence on the part of
other countries, Germany succeeded in obtaining

the imports necessary for building up a power-
ful war machine but not for avoiding, at the
same time, the necessity for sacrificing butter
for guns. Even so, as time went on, Germany
encountered great and increasing difficulties in
the operation of her trade system. This was the
result of a growing unwillingness on the part
of other countries both to limit the utilization of
the proceeds of their sales to Germany to the
range of commodities which Germany was in a
position to furnish and to supply Germany with
substantial amounts of commodities on the basis
of enforced credit — these conditions necessarily
arising out of the operation of the bilateral bal-
ancing system. It is not devoid of significance
that in 1938, despite Hitler's desperate an-
nouncement that Germany "must expoi't or die",
her volume of exports was only 59 percent of the
1929 level, whereas the figure for Great Britain
was 74 percent, and for the United States, 79
pei'cent.

It is arguable that the war came just in time
to save Germany from a really embarrassing
economic situation. It is even arguable that
Germany began the war when she did in part,
at least, for that very reason.

The German leaders themselves, in the end,
had no illusions as to the real effectiveness of
their trade system. Some of them finally came
to regard it as, at best, a temporary expedient
and hoped fervently for an eventual return to
more or less normal international economic re-
lations. Others — perhaps most — looked upon
it from the start as merely an instrument of
preparation for war, to be replaced after an
armed victory by a system of exploitation of
conquered territories on the basis of permanent
military controls. In the meantime Germany's
trade policies and measures wei'e a powerful
factor in the continuing disruption of interna-
tional trade relations.

Olher countries employing the same methods,
even though they did not use them as did Ger-
many primarily for preparation for war, not
only invariably found their foreign commerce —
both exports and imports — leduced and their
living standards depressed but did not even suc-
ceed in preserving either their monetary sta-

MARCH 7, 1942

217

bility or (lieir financial solvency. This was
inevitable because drastic trade controls and
artificial diversion of trade, through wholesale
discrimination and through the forcing of trade
balancing into bilateral channels, inescapably
reduced both the volume and the economic use-
fulness of international commerce.

Whatever was the official justification for the
use of these methods, the real underlying
thought in many cases was that it was possible
for individual nations, confronted with grave
financial difficulties resulting largely from a
break-down of international economic coopera-
tion, to achieve economic salvation or to attain
other national objectives through independent
national action necessarily involving varying
degrees of acute international economic war-
fare. In some instances, elaborate theories were
advanced to prove that such independence of
national action was inherently preferable. In
practice, apart from Germany's success in the
armament field, the only result was a continued
stagnation of world trade, which brought im-
mense injury to all nations and, most of all, to
those very nations which sought the greatest
measure of independent national action and
employed, therefore, the strongest weapons of
economic warfare.

The I'esulting and ever-growing economic dis-
location was intensified by — and, in turn, served
to intensifj' — a rapid deterioration of interna-
tional political relationships. All this finally
culminated in the supreme catastrophe of a new
world war.

In this tragic situation, the most significant
factor oi:)erating toward arresting and reversing
the fatal trend was this country's trade-agree-
ments program, which was vigorously pursued
under the inspiring leadership of Cordell Hull.
By means of reciprocal trade agreements we
sought to bring about an elimination or at least
a progressive reduction of quotas, prohibitive
tariffs, and other exaggerated import restric-
tions, which were directly and drastically cur-
tailing the volume of trade. By basing our
policy on the widest possible application of the
unconditional most-favored-nation principle,
we sought the elimination of the various devices

for discriminatory commercial treatment and
trade diversion which were forcing much of the
diminished world commerce into artificial chan-
nels, and thereby were reducing still further
both the volume and the usefulness of interna-
tional trade. At the same time, this country
repeatedly expressed its willingness to enter
into api^ropriate arrangements for the stabili-
zation of international currency relationships.
All these were clearly indispensable steps in the
direction of ridding the world of conditions of
economic warfare, which had such disastrous
effects both on the economic well-being and the
political stability of the world.

The substantial progress made in this direc-
tion during the years immediately preceding
the war was interrupted by the outbreak of hos-
tilities. Under war conditions all the aspects
of pre-war economic warfare have become
greatly intensified, and, in addition, new weap-
ons of this type have been and are being con-
stantly forged. This is inevitable, since, under
modern conditions, economic warfare is an inte-
gral part of military effort. But when the war
is over, mankind will inevitably find itself in an
even sorrier economic plight than was the case
after the last war, unless vigorous and deter-
mined action is taken toward as rapid as possible
elimination of conditions of economic warfare
and toward the creation of conditions of eco-
nomic peace.

After this conflict, as after the last, the transi-
tion from war to peace will involve two princi-
pal stages: demobilization and reconstruction.
The two stages will, of course, overlap.

Some of the problems of the immediate post-
war or demobilization period are obvious.
Many areas of the world will be in desperate
need of food, clothing, medical .supplies, and
other necessities of which, their larders will have
been swept bare by the war and the looting tac-
tics of the invaders. These urgent needs will
have to be met quickly, both for humanitarian
reasons and for the purpose of minimizing the
chances of social upheavals.

The task of putting into effect the necessary
arrangements will, in any event, be gi'eatly com-

218

plicated by the difficulties which will, unques-
tionably, be involved in setting up effective
administrations in many of what are now
belligerent or invaded countries. The speed
with which relief is provided may be a decisive
factor in easing or even obviating some of these
difficulties.

The measures of relief will, of course, be only
a part of the immediate post-war problem. No
nation will want to remain long an object of
charity, nor will any nation, even the United
States, be able to provide such charity indefi-
nitely. The real demobilization process — re-
turn to peaceful employment of millions of men
comprising the fighting forces or working in
war production, and re-orientation of agricul-
tural and especially industrial plants and
equipment from military to peaceful pui'suits —
will have to begin very soon after the war.

This will require, among other things, for a
number of countries the re-constitution, largely
through importation, of stocks of many i-aw
materials and basic foodstuffs, which will un-
questionably be at a low point everywhere, and
the acquisition of necessary machinery and
other equipment. All this will call for a larger
volume of means of foreign payment than prac-
tically any country of Europe and Asia will pos-
sess for some time.

The meeting of these needs will also involve
many complex and difficult problems for our
country and for those other areas which will
be in a position to supply the necessary re-
sources. The task of aiding in the reconstruc-
tion of other countries will be superimposed
upon the task of these countries' own demobili-
zation and of re-conversion of their own produc-
tion from military to peaceful ends.

These phases of the demobilization process
will naturally extend over periods which will
vary from country to country. But they will,
in all cases, be also the initial phases of the
longer-range reconstruction process. The poli-
cies pursued in connection with both processes
should, therefore, be carefully and closely inte-
grated from the point of view of basic objectives

DEPARTMEJfT OF STATE BTJLLETEN

and of the best means of attaining those objec-
tives. If we want to make sure, this time, that
post-war reconstruction policies will really be
directed toward winning the peace, we must
make sure that the cessation of armed hostili-
ties will not be followed by a continuation of
economic warfare.

Lack of determination to abandon the policies
and practices of economic warfare will be the
greatest danger that can confront us after the
war. Plenty of reasons for continuing such
policies and practices will be advanced, as they
were after the last war. Yet it will not mat-
ter whether economic warfare will be employed
in the post-war era for selfish and predatory
reasons; or as an instrument of other policies;
or on the basis of a defeatist acceptance of what
appears to be the line of least resistance; or as
an inevitable consequence of action based on
the theory that the solution of the problems
of economic stability, full employment and ris-
ing living standards can and should be sought
predominantly, or even solely, in terms of na-
tional economies and of domestic measures and
controls, and that the resultant sacrifice of for-
eign trade should be accepted as inconsequen-
tial. In all cases, it will lead only to economic
stagnation or worse.

Hence, while doing everything that is neces-
sary to win the war, no effort should be spared
to develop, in our country and in all countries
which are now embattled against the forces of
conquest, a firm determination to follow reso-
lutely a course which would bring us to eco-
nomic peace, and to chart that course well ahead
of the time when we shall have to face the
problems of post-war reconstruction.

There is no mystery as to the nature of the
economic problems which will confront us after
the war. In the international field, apart from
making adequate preparation for handling the
immediate problems of relief and demobiliza-
tion, some of the more important ones will be
as follows :

1. To rebuild the machinery of sound inter-
national commercial relations by dealing with

MARCH 7, 1942

219

such problems as import restrictions, non-dis-
criminatory treatment, access to raw materials,
commodity agreements, export subsidies, in-
direct protectionism, shipping, etc.

2. To create appropriate arrangements for
the stabilization of foreign-exchange rates and
for encouraging freedom of foreign-exchange
transactions, including such problems as the
role of gold and the use of other monetary
techniques.

3. To create eflFective machinery of interna-
tional credit and investment, designed to pro-
mote the functioning of international trade,
the establishment and maintenance of monetary
stability, the development of the world's re-
sources, and the assurance of a timely and ade-
quate flow of funds from financially stronger
to financially weaker countries for the purpose
of assisting them in reducing the amplitude of
economic fluctuations, and thereby contributing
to general economic stability, and to bring
about, where necessary, adjustment of existing
intei-national obligations.

4. To set up other necessary mechanisms for
implementing the various phases of economic
collaboration among nations, as regards both in-
ternational policies and measures and appro-
priate international coordination of domestic
policies and measures, without agreement on
both of which no satisfactory solution is pos-
sible for the crucial problems of economic sta-
bility, full employment, and rising living
standards.

Action in all these fields must be initiated as
speedily as possible after the termination of
hostilities. It obviously cannot be completed
overnight. It must be of a continuing and
progressive character and must necessarily pro-
ceed through a series of step-by-step adjust-
ments. What is clearly needed, therefore, is
agreement among the nations on broad objec-
tives, and utmost care in choosing transitional
policies in such a way that they will facilitate
rather than retard or even render impossible
the attainment of these objectives.

Important steps have already been taken to
this end.

For several months an Allied Committee has
been at work in London on the problem of
post-war relief requirements. Many countries,
including ours, are represented on that Com-
mittee.

In November the International Labor Con-
ference in New York decided to create an inter-
national committee for the study of post-war
economic problems. Like the International
Labor Organization itself, the committee has
tripartite representation — government, labor,
and employers.

The Rio de Janeiro Meeting of the Ministers
of Foreign Affairs of the American Republics,
in January, decided to convoke an Inter- Ameri-
can Technical Economic Conference to consider
programs for post-war reconstruction. Prepa-
ration for this conference has been entrusted to
the Inter-American Economic and Financial
Advisory Committee, which has been in con-
tinuous session in Washington for over two
years.

Last week a far-reaching agreement was
signed in Washington between Great Britain
and ourselves, setting forth the principles which
are to govern the final settlement of obligations
resulting from our Lend-Lease aid to Britain.
That agreement contains, in its article VII, the
following provision which is of enormous sig-
nificance for the post-war period:

"In the final determination of the benefits to
be provided to the United States of America by
the Government of the United Kingdom in re-
turn for aid furnished under the Act of Con-
gress of March 11, 1941, the terms and condi-
tions thereof shall be such as not to burden com-
merce between the two countries, but to promote
mutually advantageous economic relations be-
tween them and the betterment of world-wide
economic relations. To that end, they shall in-
clude provision for agreed action by the United
States of America and the United Kingdom,

220

DEPARTMEISTT OF STATE BULLETIN

open to particijoation by all other countries of
like mind, directed to the expansion, by appro-
priate international and domestic measures, of
production, employment, and the exchange and
consumption of goods, which are the material
foundations of the liberty and welfare of all Tpeo-
ples ; to the elimination of all forms of discrimi-
natory treatment in international commerce,
and to the reduction of tariffs and other trade
barriers; and, in general, to the attainment of
all the economic objectives set forth in the Joint
Declaration made on August 12, 1941, by the
President of the United States of America and
the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.

The decision of the two Governments to en-
gage in consultations along the lines of the first
paragraph of this provision and to seek agree-
ment on these matters with the govermnents of
all other like-minded nations marks tremendous
progress toward effective implementation of the
economic objectives and the high social aims of
the Atlantic Declaration.

All appropriate departments and agencies of
our Government are hard at work in their re-
spective fields on problems of the future as well

as of the present. Throughout the war we have
continued, wherever possible, to negotiate mu-
tually beneficial reciprocal trade agreements and
thus to keep alive, as a powerful instrument of
post-war action, a policy which has proved in
the past so important a factor in the promotion
of economic peace. The International Wlicat
Meeting, which has been at work in Washington
for several months, is attempting to find a solu-
tion for one of the most troublesome commodity
problems. Many private groups in the country
are giving hard thought to the problems of the
future and are cooperating splendidly with the
Government.

All these are significant steps toward laying a
foundation of economic peace for the post-war
period. As time goes on, others undoubtedly
will be undertaken. There is more than a good
chance that we shall emerge from this war with
the techniques for economic peace reasonably
well worked out and ready to be applied.
TVliether or not these techniques will actually be
translated into a functioning machinery of eco-
nomic peace will depend overwhelmingly upon
whether or not the people of our country and of
other countries will have a clear understanding
of the issues at stake and the necessary resolu-
tion to act on that understanding. So far as
our covmtry is concerned, an organization like
yours has an unrivaled opportunity to help our
people to that understanding and to help
strengthen that resolution.

PROCLAIMED LIST OF CERTAIN BLOCKED NATIONALS,
SUPPLEMENT 1 TO REVISION I

[Released to the press M.irch 1]

The Secretary of State, acting in conjunction
with the Secretary of the Treasury, the Attorney
General, the Secretary of Commerce, the Board
of Economic Warfare, and the Coordinator of
Inter-American Affairs, on March 1 issued Sup-
plement 1 to Revision I of the Proclaimed List
of Certain Blocked Nationals, promulgated Feb-
ruary 7, 1942.

Part I of this supplement contains 844 addi-
tional listings in the other American republics
and 29 deletions. Part II contains 81 additional

listings outside the American republics and 3
deletions.

The Banco Aleman Antioqueno in Colombia
is deleted in this supplement in connection
with a contemporaneous reorganization elimi-
nating German influence, placing the manage-
ment and control of the bank in Colombian
hands, and changing the name of the.bank. The
new name, to be determined by the new board of
directors at a meeting to be held on March 1,
will probably be Banco Commercial Antioqueno.

Commercial Policy

EXCHANGE OF NOTES WITH ECUADOR REGARDING TRADE AGREEMENT

[Released to the press March 6]

In notes dated March 2, 1942, which were ex-
changed at Quito by Mr. Boaz Long, the Ameri-
can Minister at Quito, and Dr. Julio Tobar
Donoso, the Minister of Foreign Affairs of
Ecuador, the Governments of the United States
and Ecuador have entered into an understand-
ing with regard to certain provisions of the
trade agreement signed on August 6, 1938, as
amended (Executive Agreement Series 133).

The notes refer to the difficult financial situ-
ation confronting Ecuador and the necessity,
as an emergency revenue measure, of increasing
customs charges on dutiable imports from all
sources. The notes record the understanding
that, in these circumstances, the Government of
the United States agrees not to invoke the perti-
nent provisions of the trade agreement in re-
spect of the application of such increased
charges to products imported from the United
States for which a rate of duty is specified in
schedule I of the agreement.

The increased charges will not become effec-
tive prior to April 1, 1942, and it is miderstood
that they will be reduced and ultimately re-
moved when Ecuador's financial position has
suflBciently improved to warrant such action.

The notes also contain provisions relating to
foreign -exchange control and, in addition, make
clear that nothing in the notes or in the trade
agreement shall prevent the adoption or enforce-
ment by either country of measures relating to
public security, or imposed for the protection of
the country's essential interests in time of war
or other national emergency.

A translation of the text of the note from Dr.
Julio Tobar Donoso, Minister of Foreign Af-
fairs of Ecuador, to Mr. Boaz Long, American
Minister at Quito, is printed below. The reply
to this note was confirmatory.

"Excellency :

"I have the honor to refer to recent conversa-
tions which have taken place with regard to the
financial emergency with which the Government
of the Republic of Ecuador is confronted and,
in that connection, to certain provisions of the
trade agreement between the Republic of Ecua-
dor and the United States of America signed at
Quito on August 6, 1938, as amended by notes
exchanged at Quito on August 6, 1938, Septem-
ber 9, 1938, and September 13, 1938.

"In the course of these conversations, it has
been pointed out that the Government of the
Republic of Ecuador finds it necessary, as a
fiscal measure designed solely to meet the exist-
ing financial emergency, to augment customs
revenues, which make up such a large percent-
age of total revenues, to an extent deemed neces-
sary to safeguard vital interests of the nation.

"Consideration was given to the possibility of
terminating both schedules of the trade agree-
ment as a way out of the difficulty ; but neither
Government desired to adopt this course if it
could be avoided. Therefore, the conversations
to which I have referred have disclosed a mutual
understanding which is as follows :

"In view of the existing circumstances, the
Government of the United States of America
will not invoke the provisions of Article I of
the trade agreement in respect of the applica-
tion of the proposed increase in customs charges
to articles imported into Ecuador from the
United States which are included in Schedule I
of the agreement. It is understood that such
increase will be applied generally to all dutiable
imports from all foreign countries, and will not
become effective, with regard to imports from
the United States, prior to the expiration of
thirty days from the date of this note. It is
understood, further, that such increase will be

221

222

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

reduced and ultimately removed as soon as
Ecuador's fiscal situation improves sufficiently
to warrant such action.

"I also desire to take this occasion to confirm
the understanding which has been reached be-
tween the Government of the Republic of
Ecuador and the Government of the United
States of America that, notwithstanding the
provisions of Article X of the trade agreement,
concerning the control of foreign exchange
transactions relating to trade between the two
countries, the Governments of the two coun-
tries agree to apply and administer any such
control as follows:

"1. If the Government of either country
establishes or maintains any foi-ra of control
of the means of international payment, it shall
accord unconditional most - favored - nation
treatment to the commerce of the other coun-
try with respect to all aspects of such control.

"2. The Government establishing or main-
taining such control shall impose no prohibi-
tion, restriction or delay on the transfer of pay-
ment for any article the gi-owth, produce or
manufacture of the other country which is not
imposed on the transfer of payment for the
like article the growth, produce or manufac-
ture of any third country. With respect to
rates of exchange and with respect to taxes or
charges on exchange transactions, articles the
growth, produce or manufacture of the other
country shall be accorded unconditionally
treatment no less favorable than that accorded
to the like articles the growth, produce or man-
ufacture of any third country. The forego-
ing provisions shall also extend to the appli-
cation of such control to payments necessary
for or incidental to the importation of articles
the growth, produce or manufacture of the
other country. In general, the control shall be
administered so as not to influence to the dis-
advantage of the other country the competitive
relationships between articles the growth, prod-
uce or manufacture of that country and like
articles the growth, produce or manufacture of
third countries.

"It is further understood that nothing in the
provisions of paragraphs 1 or 2, above, or in
the trade agreement of August 6, 1938, as
amended, shall prevent the adoption or en-
forcement by either country of measures re-
lating to public security, or imposed for the
pi'otection of the country's essential interests
in time of war or other national emergency.

"I avail [etc.]"

International Conferences,
Commissions, Etc.

EIGHTH PAN AMERICAN
CHILD CONGRESS

[Released to the press March 5]

The Eighth Pan American Child Congress
will be held in Washington, D.C., May 2-9,
1942. The Organizing Committee appointed
by the Secretary of State to develop plans for
the Congress has held its fourth meeting and
has approved suggestions received from some of
the other American republics that it is more
necessary than ever to review the problems of
maternal and child welfare in the light of the
war situation and that the agenda originally
adopted should be modified to provide for the
study of problems which have arisen or which
may arise in the future in connection with serv-
ices for the protection of mothers and children.

The Congress will deal with: Health protec-
tion and medical care; education and recre-
ation ; economic and social services for families
and children ; and with inter- American coopera-
tion in these fields. Progress made since the
last Congress, which was held in Mexico City
in 1935, will be reviewed. Special attention
will be given to the discussion of measures for
maintaining and strengthening essential serv-
ices for mothers and children to meet wartime
needs, as well as to special measures for the
protection of children in wartime and to recom-
mendations as to general standards for child

MARCH 7, 1942

223

welfare and inter-American cooperation for the
protection of childhood in the post-war world.

Accordin<>ly, the Organizing Committee has
revised the previously distributed regulations
and agenda of the Congress to conform with the
scope and concept of the meeting as amended
in the light of war conditions. The revised
regulations and agenda replacing the earlier
documents are being forwarded to the invited
governments and to the interested individuals
and organizations in all the American republics.

Miss Katharine F. Lenroot, Chief of the Chil-
dren's Bureau, Department of Labor, and
United States member of the International
Council of the American International Insti-
tute for the Protection of Childhood of Monte-
video, is Chairman of the Organizing Commit-
tee of the Congress. The other members are:
William G. Carr, Ph.D., Associate Secretary,
National Education Association, Washington.
D.C. ; Henry F. Hehnholz, M.D., Professor of
Pediatrics, Mayo Foundation of the University
of Miimesota, Rochester, Minn.; Warren
Kelchner, Ph.D., Chief, Division of Interna-
tional Conferences, Department of State, Wash-
ington, D.C; The Right Reverend Monsignor
Bryan J. McEntegart, President, National Con-
ference of Catholic Charities, New York, N.Y. ;
Thomas Parran, M. D., Surgeon General, United
States Public Health Service, Federal Security
Agency ; and John W. Studebaker, LL.D., Com-
missioner, United States Office of Education,
Federal Security Agency. Mrs. Elisabeth
Shirley Enochs, Office of the Chief, Children's
Bureau, Department of Labor, Washington,
D.C, is Secretary of the Committee.

The Department

APPOINTMENT OF OFFICERS

Mr. Selden Chapin, a Foreign Service officer
of class IV, has been designated an Assistant
Chief of the Division of the American Repub-
lics, effective as of Januaiy 20, 1942 (Depart-
mental Order 1032).

]Mr. Hugh S. Cumniing, Jr., has been ap-
pointed an Assistant Chief of the Division of
European Affairs, effective as of February 16,
1942 (Departmental Order 1030).

Mr. Donald C Blaisdell has been appointed
an Assistant Chief of the Division of Studies
and Statistics, effective as of February 16, 1942
(Departmental Order 1031).

Mr. William L. Scliurz has been appointed an
Assistant Chief of the Division of Cultural Re-
lations, effective as of February 16, 1942 (De-
partmental Order 1034).

The Foreign Service

PERSONNEL CHANGES

[Released to the press March 7]

The following changes have occurred in the
American Foreign Service since February 28,
1942:

Stuart Allen, of St. Paul, Minn., Consul at
Georgetown, British Guiana, has been assigned
as Consul at Vancouver, British Columbia,
Canada.

D. Chadwick Braggiotti, of New York, N. Y.,
has been appointed Vice Consul at Riohacha,
Colombia.

F. Willard Calder, of New York, N. Y., Vice
Consul at London, England, has been appointed
Vice Consul at Belfast, Northern Ireland.

Juan de Zengotita, of Philadelphia, Pa., Vice
Consul at Habana, Cuba, has been assigned as
Vice Consul at Ciicuta, Colombia, where an
American Consulate will be established.

Jack G. Dwyre, of Boulder, Colo., Vice Consul
at Guayaquil, Ecuador, has been appointed Vice
Consul at Arequipa, Peru, where an American
Vice Consulate will be established.

Samuel G. Ebling, of Bellefontaine, Ohio,
Consul at Izmir, Turkey, has been designated
Second Secretary of Legation and Consul at
Tehran, Iran, and will serve in dual capacity.

224

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

Hugh S. Fullerton, of Springfield, Ohio, Con-
sul General at Marseille, France, has been as-
signed for duty in the Department of State.

Randolph Harrison, Jr., of Lynchburg, Va.,
Second Secretary of Embassy and Consul at
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, has been assigned for
duty in the Department of State.

Alden M. Haupt, of Chicago, 111., Vice Consul
at Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, has
been designated Third Secretary of Embassy
and Vice Consul at Moscow, U. S. S. E., and will
serve in dual capacity.

Frederick P. Hibbard, of Denison, Tex., Coun-
selor of Legation at Lisbon, Portugal, has been
designated Counselor of Legation at Monrovia,
Liberia.

Ellis A. Johnson, of Springfield, Mass., Vice
Consul at Istanbul, Turkey, has been appointed
Vice Consul at Izmir, Turkey.

Hugh Millard, of Omaha, Nebr., First Secre-
tary of Legation at Lisbon, Portugal, has been
designated Counselor of Legation at Lisbon,
Portugal.

James S. Moose, Jr., of Morrillton, Ark., Sec-
ond Secretary of Legation and Consul at
Tehi-an, Iran, has been designated Second
Secretary of Legation and Consul at Jidda,
Saudi Arabia, where an American Legation will
be established. Mr. Moose will serve in dual
capacity.

Edward Page, Jr., of West Newton, Mass.,
now serving in the Department of State, has
been designated Second Secretaiy of Embassy
and Consul at Moscow, U.S.S.R., and will serve
in dual capacity.

Kenneth S. Patton, of Charlottesville, Va.,
formerly Consul General at Singapore, Straits
Settlements, has been assigned for duty in the
Department of State.

Thomas H. Robinson, of Princeton, N. J.,
Consul at Vancouver, British Columbia, Can-
ada, has been assigned as Consul at Barran-
quilla, Colombia.

John M. Slaughter, of South Bend, Ind., has
been appointed Vice Consul at Guayaquil,
Ecuador.

The assignment of Woodruff Wallner, of New
York, N. Y., as Vice Consul at Tunis, Tunisia,
has been canceled.

William L. S. Williams, of Racine, Wis., has
been appointed Vice Consul at Caripito, Vene-
zuela, where an American Vice Consulate will
be established.

Cultural Relations

VISIT TO UNITED STATES OF
BRAZILIAN EDUCATOR

Dr. Hernane Tavares Nuner de Sa, eminent
Brazilian educator, arrived in this country in
January for six weeks' research at the Univer-
sity of North Carolina under the auspices of
the Institute of International Education. Dr.
Tavares is well known as a newspaper writer
and radio commentator and is professor of edu-
cational biology at the University of Sao Paulo.
In addition to his scientific investigations, he is
especially interested in the history and litera-
ture of the United States.

Legislation

To Amend the Nationality Act of 1940 : Hearings Before
a subcommittee of the Committee on Immigration,
United States Senate, 77th Cong., 2d sess., on H.R.
6250, an Act To Amend the Nationality Act of 1940,
February 17, 18, and 19, 1942. iv, 81 pp.

An Act Making additional appropriations for the na-
tional defense for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1942,
and for other purposes. Approved March 5, 1942.
[H.R. 6611.] Public Law 474, 77th COng. 5 pp.

Treaty Information

Compiled in the Treaty Division

FINANCE

Double Income Taxation Convention
With Canada

[Released to the press March 4]

A convention between the United States and
Canada for the avoidance of double income tax-
ation and an accompanying protocol were signed
at 4 p.m. on March 4, 1942 by Mr. Sumner
Welles, Acting Secretary of State, and Mr.
Leighton McCarthy, K.C., Minister of Canada
at Washington.

The convention, concluded with a view to re-
moving an important impediment to interna-
tional trade, jirovides for the avoidance of
double income taxation in certain cases, the mod-
ification of certain conflicting principles of tax-
ation, reductions of certain rates of taxation,
and the establishment of an exchange of infor-
mation between the United States and Canada
in the field of income taxation. The convention
is in many respects similar to a convention for
the avoidance of double taxation which has
been in force between the United States and
Sweden since January 1, 1940 (Treaty Series
958).

The protocol which accompanies the conven-
tion contains definitions of terms used in the
convention and provisions affecting certain
matters incident to the administration of the
convention.

Upon the exchange of ratifications of the con-
vention and protocol, they will become effective
as of January 1, 1941, to continue in force for a
period of three years thereafter, terminable at
the end of the three-year period or on the first
day of January of any year thereafter following
the expiration of a six-month notice given by
either Government.

Agreements With Brazil

An announcement regarding the conclusion
between Brazil and the United States of a series
of important agreements designed to fortify the
security of the American republics, together
with the exchange of notes between the Brazil-
ian Minister of Finance and the Acting Secre-
tary of State providing for a program of mo-
bilization of the productive resources of Brazil,
appears in this Bulletin under the heading "The
War".

COMMERCE

Inter-American Coffee Agreement

[Released to the press March 2]

The President signed on February 27, 1942
a supplementary proclamation declaring that
the Inter-American Coffee Agreement (Treaty
Series 970), in accordance with the provisions
of article XX of the agreement, entered into full
force among all the signatory governments on
December 31, 1941, the date on which the last
of the instruments of ratification or approval by
such signatory governments was deposited with
the Pan American Union.^

Reciprocal Trade Agreement With Ecuador

In an exchange of notes dated March 2, 1942
between the American Minister to Ecuador and
the Ecuadoran Foreign Minister, the Govern-
ments of Ecuador and the United States entered
into an understanding with regard to certain
provisions of the trade agreement signed on
August 6, 1938, as amended (Executive Agree-
ment Series 133) . The texts of the notes appear
in this Bulletin under the heading "Commercial
Policy".

^ See the Bulletin of January 17, 1942, p. 71.

225

226

DEPAETMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

PUBLICATIONS

Agreement With El Salvador for the Exchange
of Official Publications

An agreement for the exchange of official pub-
lications was entered into between the United
States and EI Salvador by an exchange of notes
dated November 21 and 27, 1941.

Each Government has agreed to furnish to
the other Government two partial sets of its
official publications. The Library of Congress,
Washington, D. C, will receive the Salvadoran
publications and the Ministry for Foreign
Affairs and the Biblioteca Nacional at San Sal-
vador will receive the publications of the United
States Government. The agreement, which be-
came effective on November 27, 1941, will be
published as Executive Agreement Series 230.

General

CONTRIBUTIONS FOR RELIEF IN
BELLIGERENT COUNTRIES

A tabulation of contributions collected and
disbursed during the period September 6, 1939

through January 1912, as shown in the re-
ports submitted by persons and organizations
registered with the Secretary of State for the
solicitation and collection of contributions to
be used for relief in belligerent countries, in
conformity with the regulations issued pursu-
ant to section 3 (a) of tlie act of May 1, 1937
as made effective by the President's proclama-
tions of September 5, 8, and 10, 1939, and sec-
tion 8 of the act of November 4, 1939 as made
effective by the President's proclamation of the
the same date, has been released by the Depart-
ment of State in mimeographed form and may
be obtained from the Department upon request
(press release of March 6, 1942, 45 pages).

This tabulation has reference only to contri-
butions solicited and collected for relief in bel-
ligerent countries (France; Germany; Poland;
the United Kingdom, India, Australia, Canada,
New Zealand, and the Union of South Africa ;
Norway; Belgium; Luxembourg; the Nether-
lands; Italy; Greece; Yugoslavia; Hungary;
and Bulgaria) or for the relief of refugees
driven out of these countries by the present war.

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C. — Price 10 cents Subscription price, $2.75 a year

PnBLISHBD WEEKLY WITH THE APPEOVAL OF THE DIKECTOB OF THE BUREAU OF THE BUDGET

THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE

BULLETIN

MARCH 14, 1942
Vol. VI, No, 142— Publication 1711

ontents

The War Page

Anglo-American Caribbean Commission 229

Bases leased from Great Britain in the Western Hemi-
sphere 230

Financial aid to Americans in enemy and enemy-
occupied territory 230

Advisory Mission to India 230

General

Passports for American seamen 231

The Foreign Service

Personnel changes 231

Treaty Information

Flora and fauna: Convention on Nature Protection
and Wildlife Preservation in the Western Hemi-
sphere 233

Restriction of war: Convention for the Amelioration of
the Condition of the Wounded and the Sick of
Armies in the Field and Convention Relating to the
Treatment of Prisoners of War 233

Military mission: Detail of Assistant to the Adviser of

the Remount Service of the Peruvian Army . . . 234

Publications 234

Legislation 234

U. S. SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS
APR 6 1942

The War

ANGLO-AMERICAN CARIBBEAN COMMISSION

[Released to the press by the White House March 9]

The following joint communique was released
simultaneously in London and in Washington :

"For the purpose of encouraging and
strengthening social and economic cooperation
between the United States of America and its
possessions and bases in the area known geo-
graphically and politically as the Caribbean,
and the United Kingdom and the British colo-
nies in the same area, and to avoid unnecessary
duplication of research in these fields, a com-
mission, to be known as the Anglo-American
Caribbean Commission, has been jointly created
by the two Governments. The Commission will
consist of six members, three from each country,
to be appointed respectively by the President of
the United States and His Majesty's Govern-
ment in the United Kingdom — who will desig-
nate one member from each country as a
co-chairman.

"Members of the Commission will concern
themselves primarily with matters pertaining to
labor, agriculture, housing, health, education,
social welfare, finance, economics, and related
subjects in the territories under the British and
United States flags within this territory, and
on these matters will advise their respective
Governments.

"The Anglo-American Caribbean Commission
in its studies and in the formulation of its rec-
ommendations will necessarily bear in mind the
desirability of close cooperation in social and
economic matters between all regions adjacent
to the Caribbean.

"The following appointments of co-chairmen
have been made :

^'■For Great Britain:

"Sir Frank Stockdale
'■'■For the United States:

"Charles W. Taussig

"The remaining members of the Commission
will be named later by the Govermnents con-
cerned."

In addition to naming Mr. Charles W. Taus-
sig, of New York, as co-chairman for the United
States of the Anglo-American Caribbean Com-
mission, the President has selected as the other
two American members of the Commission the
Honorable Kexford G. Tugwell, Governor of
Puerto Rico, and Mr. Coert du Bois, Chief of
the Caribbean Office of the Department of State.

He has also named as a Caribbean Advisory
Committee Governor Tugwell and the Honor-
able Martin Travieso, Justice of the Supreme
Court of Puerto Rico; Judge William H.
Hastie, Civilian Aide to the Secretary of War ;
and Mr. Carl Robins, of California, formerly
President of the Commodity Credit Corpora-
tion, together with Mr. Charles W. Taussig,
who is also chairman of this Committee.

The study to be undertaken by the Caribbean
Advisory Committee relates to the economic and
social problems of the very large number of
human beings in the British and American
islands. The study is intended to improve the
standards of living in all of the islands con-
cerned.

229

230

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

It is, of course, clear that neither the Anglo-
American Caribbean Commission nor the Presi-
dent's Caribbean Advisory Committee has any
authority other than the formulation of recom-
mendations to be submitted, in the first instance,
to the American and British Governments, and,
in the second instance, to the President.

BASES LEASED FROM GREAT BRITAIN
IN THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE

[Released to the press by the White House March 9]

The President said on March 9 that reports
have been brought to his attention that the Gov-
ernment of the United States was considering
requesting of the British Government an in-
definite prolongation of the 99-year lease
granted by the British Govermnent to the
United States for the bases acquired in certain
of the British colonies in the Western Hemi-
sphere.^ The President made it clear that these
reports were entirely untrue.

He said that this Government had no inten-
tion of requesting any modification of the agree-
ments already reached; that the acquisition of
the bases granted to the United States would be
for the term of 99 years as fixed in those agree-
ments ; and that the United States does not seek
sovereignty over the islands or colonies on which
the bases are located.

friends, business associates, or other representa-
tives in the United States.

Private deposits to reimburse the Govern-
ment for sums advanced should be made with
the Department of State. Persons wishing to
make such deposits should indicate the names
of the beneficiaries and should remit by postal
money orders or certified checks payable to the
"Secretary of State of the United States". In
the event it should be necessary, it is expected
that small additional advances for medical and
other necessary expenses will be made.

Aliens, including alien spouses and alien
children of American nationals, cannot qualify
for payments from funds of the United States
Government.

However, in the cases of prisoners of war
and interned civilians who are supported by
the detaining power, it is expected that pay-
ments made to them will generally not exceed
a small sum sufficient to provide spending
money for miscellaneous personal needs not sup-
plied by the detaining power. No payments
will be made to officers or to persons of equiva-
lent status held as prisoners of war, who receive
pay under the convention relating to the treat-
ment of prisoners of war, signed at Geneva on
July 27, 1929.

Sums advanced will in all cases be limited as
far as possible in order to prevent foreign ex-
change becoming available to the enemy.

FINANCIAL AID TO AMERICANS IN ENEMY
AND ENEMY- OCCUPIED TERRITORY

[Released to the press March 12]

Arrangements have been completed to ad-
vance small amounts of United States Govern-
ment funds to American nationals remaining in
enemy and enemy-occupied territories except
the Philippine Islands, sufficient to meet the
ordinary needs of existence.

It is expected that sums advanced will be
repaid either by the recipients or by relatives,

' See the Bulletin of September 7, 1940, p. 201, an(}
March 29, 1941, p. 387.

ADVISORY MISSION TO INDIA

[Released to the press March 9]

The Department of State announced on
March 9 the personnel of the Advisory Mission
of the United States to assist the war effort in
India. The personnel of the Mission follows :

Col. Louis Johnson, former Assistant Secretary
of War, chairman

Honorable Henry F. Grady, former Assistant
Secretary of State — general economic
surveys

Honorable Arthur W. Herrington, President,
Society of Automotive Engineers — produc-
tion of armored vehicles and automotive
equipment

MARCH 14, 1942

231

Honorable Harry E. Bcyster, President, Beys-
ter Engineering Company — organization of
plants for production
Honorable Dirlv Dekker, Director of Personnel
and Training, Illinois Steel Corporation —
specialist in training unskilled workers into
semiskilled and skilled workers
It is understood that, should it appear advan-
tageous, additional members may be added to
the Mission to assist in solving specific technical
problems.

General

PASSPORTS FOR AMERICAN SEAMEN

[Released to the press March 10]

Under the provisions of the rules and regula-
tions prescribed by the Secretary of State on
November 25, 1941 ^ pursuant to the authority
gi-anted by the President's proclamation of
November 14, 1941 and effective for the dura-
tion of the emergency, American nationals fol-
lowing the vocation of seaman were required
to be in possession of valid passports in order

to depart from the United States on or after
January 15, 1942. This date was subsequently
extended to March 15, 1942 and has now been
extended until a further notice is given setting
forth a definitive date.

The Secretary of State has authorized col-
lectors of customs at the various ports to accept
the usual documents carried by American-citi-
zen seamen in lieu of passports, in order that
they may enter and depart from the United
States prior to the establishment of a definitive
date upon which passports will be required for
this purpose. The collectors will also, of course,
honor the passports which are now being issued
to American-citizen seamen.

Seamen should execute applications for their
passports before the clerk of any Federal court
or State court authorized by law to naturalize
aliens, or before an agent of the Department of
State. Passport agents of the Department are
located in Boston (United States Post Office and
Courthouse) ; Chicago (United States Court-
house) ; San Francisco (Federal Office Build-
ing) ; and Miami (Post Office Building).

Because of the large number of seamen in the
port of New York special arrangements are
being made to handle their applications in the
most expeditious manner. A notice regarding
these arrangements will be made at a later date.

The Foreign Service

PERSONNEL CHANGES

On March 5, 1942 the Senate confirmed the
nominations of the following officers as Am-
bassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary or
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipo-
tentiary of the United States of America to the
countries listed:

Pierre de L. Boal, of Pennsylvania, now E. E.
and M. P. to Nicaragua, to be A. E. and P. to
Bolivia.

' Bulletin of November 29, 1941, p. 431.

Arthur Bliss Lane, of New York, now E. E.
and M. P. to Costa Eica, to be A. E. and P. to
Colombia.

Boaz Long, of New Mexico, now E. E. and
M. P. to Ecuador, to be A. E. and P. to Ecuador.

Wesley Frost, of Kentucky, now E. E. and
M. P. to Paraguay, to be A. E. and P. to
Paraguay.

Robert M. Scotten, of Michigan, now E. E.
and M. P. to the Dominican Republic, to b^
E. E. and M. P. to Costa Rica.

232

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

Avra M. Warren, of Maryland, now a Foreign
Service officer of class I assigned to the De-
partment of State as Chief of the Visa Division,
to be E. E. and M. P. to the Dominican Kepublic.

James B. Stewart, of New Mexico, now a
Foreign Service officer of class I assigned as
Consul General at Ziirich, to be E. E. and M. P.
to Nicaragua.

[Released to the press March 14]

The following changes have occurred in the
American Foreign Service since March 7, 1942 :

Courtland Christiani, of Washington, D. C,
formerly Vice Consul at Surabaya, Java, Neth-
erlands Indies, has been appointed Vice Consul
at Adelaide, South Australia.

Mulford A. Colebrook, of New York, N. Y.,
Third Secretary of Embassy and Vice Consul
at London, England, has been designated Sec-
ond Secretary of Embassy and Vice Consul
at London, England, and will serve in dual
capacity.

V. Lansing Collins, 2d, of New York, N. Y.,
formerly Vice Consul at Batavia, Java, Nether-
lands Indies, has been assigned as Vice Consul
at Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Frederick J. Cunningham, of Boston, Mass.,
Third Secretary of Embassy and Vice Consul
at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, has been designated
Second Secretary of Embassy and Vice Consul
at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and will serve in dual
capacity.

Andrew W. Edson, of Meriden, Conn., for-
merly Second Secretary of Legation at Bucha-
rest, Rumania, has been designated Second
Secretary of Embassy and Consul at London,
England, and will serve in dual capacity.

Overton G. Ellis, Jr., of Tacoma, Wash.,
Third Secretary of Legation and Vice Consul
at San Salvador, El Salvador, has been desig-
nated Second Secretary of Legation and Vice
Consul at San Salvador, El Salvador, and will
serve in dual capacity.

Perry Ellis, of Riverside, Calif., Vice Consul
at Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia, has
been assigned as Vice Consul at Noumea, New
Caledonia.

T. Muldrup Forsyth, of Esmont, Va., for-
merly Third Secretary of Legation at Bucha-
rest, Rumania, has been assigned as Consul at
Barcelona, Spain.

Charles C. Gidney, Jr., of Plainview, Tex.,
Vice Consul at Maracaibo, Venezuela, has been
appointed Vice Consul at Lima, Peru.

Robert Grinnell, of New York, N. Y., Vice
Consul at Darwin, Northern Territory, Aus-
tralia, has been assigned as Vice Consul at Syd-
ney, New South Wales, Australia.

Donald R. Heath, of Topeka, Kans., First
Secretary of Embassy at Santiago, Chile, has
been designated Counselor of Embassy at San-
tiago, Chile.

Thomas S. Horn, of St. Louis, Mo., formerly
Consul at Surabaya, Java, Netherlands Indies,
has been assigned as Consul at Wellington, New
Zealand.

George C. Howard, of Washington, D. C,
Second Secretary of Embassy and Consul at
Bogota, Colombia, has been designated Com-
mercial Attaclie at Bogota, Colombia.

Charles E. Hulick, of Easton, Pa., formerly
Clerk at Bucharest, Rumania, has been ap-
pointed Vice Consul at London, England.

George Lewis Jones, Jr., of Parkton, Md.,
Third Secretary of Legation and Vice Consul
at Cairo, Egypt, has been designated Second
Secretary of Legation and Vice Consul at Cairo,
Egypt, and will serve in dual capacity.

Herve J. L'Heureux, of Manchester, N. H.,
Consul at Lisbon, Portugal, has been assigned
for duty in the Department of State.

E. Allan Lightner, Jr., of Mountain Lakes,
N. J., Third Secretary of Legation and Vice
Consul at Stockholm, Sweden, has been desig-
nated Second Secretary of Legation and Vice
Consul at Stockholm, Sweden, and will serve in
dual capacity.

Robert Mills McClintock, of Altadena, Calif.,
Third Secretary of Legation and Vice Consul
at Helsinki, Finland, has been designated Sec-
ond Secretary of Legation and Vice Consul at
Helsinki, Finland, and will serve in dual ca-
pacity.

MARCH 14, 1942

John H. Morgan, of Watertown, Mass., Second
Secretary of Embassy and Consul at Madrid,
Spain, has been assigned for duty in the De-
partment of State.

WaUer S. Reineck, of Fremont, Ohio, Consul
at Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, has
been assigned as Consul at Regina, Saskatche-
wan, Canada.

William E. Scotten, of Pasadena, Calif.,
formerly Second Secretary of Legation at
Bucharest, Rumania, has been designated Sec-
ond Secretary of Legation and Consul at Tan-
gier, Morocco, and will serve in dual capacity.

Jesse F. Van Wickel, of Brooklyn, N.Y.,
formerly Consul at Batavia, Java, Netherlands
Indies, has been assigned as Consul at Sydney,
New South Wales, Australia.

S. Walter Washington, of Charles Town,
W. Va., Second Secretary of Legation and Con-
sul at Stockholm, Sweden, has been designated
First Secretary of Legation and Consul at
Stockliolm, Sweden, and will serve in dual
capacity.

233

The following persons have been appointed
Foreign Service Officers, Unclassified; Vice
Consuls of Career ; and Secretaries in the Diplo-
matic Service of the United States, and they
have now been assigned as Vice Consuls at the
posts indicated :

Joseph N. Greene, Jr., of North An-

dover, Mass Montreal

Henry Hanson, Jr., of Middletown,

Conn _( Vancouver

Douglas Henderson, of Weston,

Mass Col6n

Armistead M. Lee, of Chatham, Va Toronto

LaRue R. Lutkins, of Rye, N. Y Habana

James L. O'SuUivan, of Orange,

Conn Montreal

Albert E. Pappano, of St. Louis, Mo_ Mexico, D.F.
Henry L. Pitts, Jr., of New York,

N. Y Mexico, D.F.

Leslie Albion Squires, of Palo Alto,

Calif Monterrey

Walter J. Stoessel, Jr., of Beverly

Hills, Calif , Windsor

Jewell Truex, of Stockton, Calif Nuevo Laredo

Richard E. Usher, of Madison, Wis Winnipeg

Treaty Information

Compiled in the Treaty Division

FLORA AND FAUNA

Convention on Nature Protection and Wildlife
Preservation ia the Western Hemisphere

Haiti

The Director General of the Pan American
Union transmitted to the Secretary of State
with a letter dated March 10, 1942 a certified
copy of the partial list of the species of Haitian
flora and fauna transmitted to the Pan Amer-
ican Union by the Government of Haiti for in-
clusion in the Amiex to the Convention on Na-
ture Protection and Wildlife Preservation in the
Western Hemisphere, which was opened for
signature at the Pan American Union on Octo-
ber 12, 1940.

RESTRICTION OF WAR

Convention for the Amelioration of the Condi-
tion of the Wounded and the Sick of Armies
in the Field and Convention Relating to the
Treatment of Prisoners of War

El Salvador

The American Minister at San Salvador trans-
mitted to the Secretary of State with a despatch
dated March 5, 1942, a copy of a decree, with
translation, published in the Diario Latino of
March 5, 1942, whereby the National Legisla-
tive Assembly approved the adherence of El
Salvador to the Convention for the Ameliora-
tion of the Condition of the Wounded and the

234

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

Sick of Armies in the Field and to the Conven-
tion Kelating to the Treatment of Prisoners of
War, both signed at Geneva July 27, 1929.

MILITARY MISSION

Detail of Assistant to the Adviser of the Remount
Service of the Peruvian Army

[Released to the press March 11]

In response to the request of the Government
of Peru, there was signed on March 11, 1942 by
the Acting Secretary of State, Mr. Sumner
Welles, and Seiior Don Manuel de Freyre y
Santander, Ambassador of Peru at Washington,
an agreement providing for the detail of an of-
ficer of the United States Army of the grade of
captain to serve as Assistant to the Adviser of
the Remount Service of the Peruvian Army,
provided for by the agreement for the appoint-
ment of an Adviser of the grade of colonel,
signed on April 15, 1941 (Executive Agreement
Series 205). The agreement will continue in
force for a period of three years.

Publications

Department of State

The Proclaimed List of Certain Blocked Nationals:
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Diplomatic List, March 1942. Publication 1701. ii, 95
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Legislation

Supplemental estimate of appropriation [$7,000 for
passport agencies] and draft of proposed provision
[pertaining to salaries of ambassadors and minis-
ters]. Department of State. H. Doc. 656, 77th Cong.
2 pp.

Report [to Congress] on the first year of lend-lease
operations. March 11, 1942. H. Doc. 661, 77th Cong.
55 pp.

An Act To provide for the planting of guayule and
other rubber-bearing plants and to malie available
a source of crude rubber for emergency and defense
uses. Approved Marcli 5, 1942. [S. 2282.] Public
Law 473, 77th Cong. 2 pp.

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FDBLI3HE0 WBUKLT WITH THB APPBOVAl. OP THB DtBECTOB OF THE BDBEAD Or THE BUDQET

THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE

BULLETIN

MARCH 21, 1942
Vol. VI, No. 143— Publication 1712

ontents

The War Page

Military highway to Alaska 237

Chilean merchant marine 239

Statement by the Acting Secretary of State 239

Sulking of the Uruguayan vessel Montevideo 240

Termination of coordination agreement with Costa

Rica 240

Preservation of assets by the Netherlands Government . 241

Lend-lease operations 242

Transfer of United States citizens from Canadian to

United States armed forces 244

Americans in the Far East 246

The Foreign Service

Personnel changes 246

Cultural Relations

Cultural institutes in the other American republics . . 246

Visit to the United States of educator from Panama . . 247

Cultural relations officers 247

Visit to the United States of Honduran artist and

educator 247

American Republics

Inauguration of President of Chile 248

[over]

U. S. SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMEI1I75

APR 6 1942

O /I t6 Al iS— CONTINUED

Treaty Information page

Flora and fauna: Convention on Nature Protection and

Wildlife Preservation in the Western Hemisphere . 248
Publications: Agreement With Liberia for the Ex-
change of Official Publications 248

Friendship: Treaty Between China and Iraq .... 249
Alliance: Treaty of Alliance Between the United

Kingdom and the Soviet Union, and Iran .... 249
Transit: Exchange of Notes With Canada Regarding

Construction of Military Highway to Alaska . . . 252
Ai'med forces: Exchange of Notes With Canada Re-
garding Transfer of United States Citizens From
Canadian to United States Armed Forces .... 252

The Department

Appointment of officers 252

Legislation 253

Publications 253

The War

MILITARY HIGHWAY TO ALASKA

[Released to the press March 18]

The Acting Secretai-y of State released to the
press on March 18 the texts of notes exchanged
liy the Honorable Jay Pierrepont Moffat, Amer-
ican Minister to Canada, and the Right Honor-
able W. L. Mackenzie King, Prime Minister and
Secretary of State for External Affairs of Can-
ada, in regard to the detailed arriingements for
the construction f)f a military highway to
Alaska.

The proposed construction of this military
highway was taken up with the Canadian Gov-
ernment on February 13, 1942. The Canadian
Govermnent acquiesced immediately in the pro-
jjosed surveys by the United States Amiy Engi-
neers, and the first United States Army Engi-
neers' officer arrived in Ottawa to discuss the
detailed arrangements for these surveys on Feb-
ruary 16.

The Canadian Government suggested that the
question of the construction of this military
highway be referred to the Permanent Joint
Board on Defense, United States and Canada,
and that Board submitted a recommendation to
the two Governments on February 26. On
March 6 the Canadian Government announced
its appi'oval of the recommendation of the Per-
manent Joint Board on Defense and its accept-
ance of the offer of the Government of the United
States to construct this military highway.

The detailed surveys which are being con-
ducted by the United States Army Engineers'
trooj^s are actively under way.

The texts of the notes exchanged follow :

The American Minkter to Canada to the
Secretary of State for Exterrx^il Ajfairft of
Canada

"Ottawa, March 17, 191(2.

"Sir:

"1. As you are aware, on February 26, 1942,
the Permanent Joint Board on Defense ap-
proved a recommendation as a result of which
the two Sections proposed to their respective
Governments :

" 'The construction of a highway along the
route that follows the general line of airports.
Fort St. John — Fort Nelson — Watson Lake —
Whitehorse — Boundary — Big Delta, the respec-
tive termini connecting with existing roads in
Canada and Alaska.'

"This recommendation, based as it was on
military considerations and military consider-
ations only, and having the endorsement of the
Service Departments of the two countries, has
been approved by both Governments.

"2. My Government, being convinced of the
urgent necessity for the construction of this
highway and appreciating the burden of war
expenditure already incurred by Canada, in
particular on the construction of the air route
to Alaska, is prepared to undertake the build-
ing and wartime maintenance of the highway.
Subject to the provision by Canada of the facil-
ities set forth in paragrajDh 3 of this note, the

237

238

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

GoA'ernment of the United States is prepared
to:

"(A) carry out the necessary surveys for
which preliminary arrangements have ah-eady
been made, and construct a pioneer road by the
use of United States Engineer troops for sur-
veys and initial construction.

"(B) Arrange for the highway's completion
under contracts made by the United States
Public Koads Administration and awarded
with a view to insuring the execution of all con-
tracts in the shortest possible time without re-
gard to whether the contractors are Canadian
or American ;

"(C) maintain the highway until the ter-
mination of the present war and for six months
thereafter unless the Government of Canada
prefers to assume responsibility at an earlier
date for the maintenance of so much of it as lies
in Canada;

"(D) agree that at the conclusion of the war
that part of the highway which lies in Canada
shall become in all respects an integral part of
the Canadian highway system, subject to the
understanding that there shall at no time be
imposed any discriminatory conditions in rela-
tion to the use of the road as between Canadian
and United States civilian traffic.

"3. For its part, my Government will ask the
Canadian Govermnent to agree :

" ( A) to acquire rights-of-way for the road in
Canada (including the settlement of all local
claims in this connection), the title to remain
in the Crown in the right of Canada or of the
Province of British Columbia as appeal's more
convenient ;

" (B) to waive import duties, transit or simi-
lar charges on shipments originating in the
United States and to be transported over the
highway to Alaska, or originating in Alaska
and to be transported over the highway to the
United States;

"(C) to waive import duties, sales taxes,
license fees or other similar charges on all equip-
ment and supi^lies to be used in the construction

or maintenance of the road by the United States
and on personal effects of the construction per-
sonnel ;

"(D) to remit income tax on the income of
persons (including corporations) resident in
the United States who are employed on the con-
struction or maintenance of the highway;

"(E) to take the necessary steps to facilitate
the admission into Canada of such United States
citizens as may be employed on the construction
or maintenance of the highway, it being under-
stood that the United States will undertake to
repatriate at its expense any such persons if the
contractors fail to do so;

"(F) to permit those in charge of the con-
struction of the road to obtain timber, gravel
and rock where such occurs on Crown lands in
the neighborhood of the right-of-way, provid-
ing that the timber required shall be cut in ac-
cordance with the directions of the appropriate
Department of the Government of the Province
in which it is located, or, in the case of Domin-
ion lands, in accoi'dance with the directions of
the appropriate Department of the Canadian
Government.

"4. If the Government of Canada agrees to
this proposal, it is suggested that the practical
details involved in its execution be arranged
directly between the appropriate Governmental
agencies, subject, when desirable, to confirma-
tion by subsequent exchange of notes.
"5. Accept [etc.]

PiEREEPONT Moffat,
American Minister.''^

The Secretary of State for External Affairs of
Canada to the American Minister to Canada

"Ottaava, March 18, 194^.
"Sir:

"1. I have the honor to acknowledge the
receipt of your note of March 17, 1942, in which
you referred to the reconamendation approved
by the Permanent Joint Board on Defense, as a
result of which the two Sections of the Board
proposed to their respective Governments :

MARCH 21, 1942

" 'The construction of a highway along the
route that follows the general line of airports,
Fort St. John — Fort Nelson — Watson Lake —
Whitehorse — Boundary — Big Delta, the respec-
tive termini connecting with existing roads in
Canada and Alaska.'

"2. As announced on March 6, 1942, the
Canadian Government has approved this rec-
ommendation and has accepted the offer of the
United States Government to undertake the
building and war time maintenance of the high-
way which will connect the airports already
constructed by Canada.

"3. It is understood that the United States
Government will :

[Here follow items A to D under paragraph 2
in the U. S. note.]

"4. The Canadian Government agrees :

[Here follow items A to F under paragraph 3
in the U. S. note.]

''5. The Canadian Government agrees to the
suggestion that the practical details of the ar-
rangement be worked out by direct contact be-
tween the appropriate Governmental agencies
subject, when desirable, to confirmation by sub-
sequent exchange of notes.
"Accept [etc.]

W. L. Mackenzie King,
Secretary of State for External Affairs.''''

CHILEAN MERCHANT MARINE

[Released to the press March 20]

The following note has been received by the
Acting Secretary of State from the Chilean
Ambassador, Senor Don Rodolfo Michels:

"March 19, 1942.
"The Honorable

The Secretary of State.
"Excellency :

"Under instruction of my Government, I
have the honor to bring to Your Excellency's
knowledge that the naval authorities of Chile

239

have issued rules to be followed by vessels of
Chilean registry which are as follows :

"1. Chilean vessels of the Merchant Marine
must, when on the high seas din-ing the hours
of darkness, have all lights showing and carry
;.n especially illuminated national flag.

"2. They may only navigate the territorial
waters of any American country in a state of
war, or enter and depart from such country's
ports, during the hours of daylight.

"These measures have been adopted in an en-
deavor to assure the safety of our Merchant
Marine which is so valuable to the economic life
of the country and the principal means of trans-
portation for our commerce with the United
States.

"I beg leave to request that Your Excellency
be good enough to bring the above rules to the
attention of the competent authorities of the
United States.

Michels"

STATEMENT BY THE ACTING
SECRETARY OF STATE

[Released to the press March 16]

The technique of the "monstrous lie", which
Hitler has made his own, unfortunately deluded
many peoples during the earlier years of Hitler-
ism. Today, however, throughout the world
Hitler's declarations and promises are recog-
nized everywhere as being but a tissue of lies
offered solely for purposes of deceit.

There is increasing evidence at hand that the
German peoj^le themselves, like the people of
Italy, fidly recognize this fact.

For this reason it is doubtful whether any
useful purpose would be served by making any
extended conament on Hitler's latest speech.
There is no man or woman among the united
peoples who cannot clearly estimate its true sig-
nificance.

For it is not in its boasts and promises that
the significance of the speech lies, but on the
contrary be<:ause of the fact that there is im-
plicit in every word and every phrase Hitler's

240

DKPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

own recognition of his impending downfall and
of the inevitable conquest of the German armies.

The magnificent resistance of the Russian
ai'mies and the defeats which they have inflicted
upon the forces of Hitlerism have in gi'eat part
been responsible for bringing this to i^ass.
These are the very armies whose annihilation
Hitler announced many months ago.

It is only natural that the kind of world in
which President Roosevelt and the American
people wish to live should be termed "a new, de-
testable, alien world" by Hitler.

The kind of world for which the American
people and their Government stand is a world
of international decency and of justice, in which
men and women will be free to worship, free to
tliink and speak, and in which they will be fi'ee
from fear. That is the only kind of world in
which permanent peace can be established, and
the German and the Italian people, like the peo-
ples of the United Nations, know that no such
world can rise into being until Hitlerism and
tlie gangsters who compose it are finally crushed
and defeated.

SINKING OF THE URUGUAYAN VESSEL
"MONTEVIDEO"

[Released to the press March 19]

The following telegrams were exchanged be-
tween the Minister of Foieign Atfairs of Uru-
guay, Alberto Guuni, and the Acting Secretary
of State, Sumner Welles :

[Translation]

"Montevideo,
''March 18, 194^.
"I regret to inform Your Excellency that
tlie merchant vessel Montevideo of the Uru-
guayan flag was sunk by a submarine of the Axis
on March 9 in the vicinity of Bermuda, there
liaving thus been violated all of the essential
rules of law and of humanity. As soon as all of
the data is assembled concerning this hateful at-

tack, Uruguay will present its considered pro-
test to the Pan American Union for appropri-
ate action. I send greetings to Your Excellency
with my highest consideration.

Alberto Guani"

"March 19, 1942.

''Please accept my heartfelt sympathy for the
loss of the lives of Uruguayan citizens upon the
Uruguayan vessel Montevideo. I share fullj'
Your Excellency's indignation at this unscrupu-
lous and inhuman destruction of non-belligerent
shipping by the Axis Powers. Once again there
is empliasized the fundamental conflict be-
tween the forces of civilization and barbarism.

"I send Your Excellency my warm personal
greetings and the expression of my highest con-
sideration.

Sumner "Welles'"

TERJMINATION OF COORDINATION
AGREEMENT WITH COSTA RICA

[Released to the press March 18]

The Coordination Agreement between the
(xovernment of the United States of America
and the (lovemment of Costa Rica Avhich be-
came effective in September 1941, in order to
permit the movement of goods to and from
those Proclaimed List nationals in Costa Rica
wlio had been subjected to close supervision and
control by the Government of Costa Rica so
as to prevent any profits accruing to any such
Proclaimed List nationals, will be terminated
as of midnight March 31, 1942. Events which
have intervened since the date of the agree-
ment, including the declaration of war by both
the United States and Costa Rica, have made
it necessary to subject to even more rigid con-
trol the firms and individuals whose names are
included in the Proclaimed List, with the result
that the agreement no longer serves the objec-
tives at which it was aimed.

MARCH 21, 1942

PRESERVATION OF ASSETS BY THE NETHERLANDS GOVERNMENT

241

The following memor:indiim concerning ac-
tions taken by tlie Netherlands authorities pre-
vious to and during the time of the invasion of
the Netherlands bj' Germany for the i)urpose of
keeping assets out of the hands of Germans,
was enclosed in a note of March 5, 1942 from
the Netherlands Minister in Washington to the
Secretary of State.

"Memorandum

"The Netherlands authorities took active
measures reasonably calculated to keep United
States bearer securities and other valuable as-
sets located within the European territory of
the Netherlands out of the hands of the invad-
ing Germans.

"Even before the treacherous attack by the
Germans, the Government of the Netherlands
had already passed an act making it possible for
corporations within the Netherlands European
territory to transfer their head offices to other
parts of the Netherlands territories so that their
affairs might be conducted free from duress in
case of an invasion. Moreover, the Netherlands
authorities, foreseeing the possibility of inva-
sion, had taken steps to transfer a very large
quantity of the liquid assets held in the Nether-
lands to a safe place. Various ingenious meth-
ods had been developed to put these transfers
into effect at once in case of an invasion.

"Directly after the invasion the Netherlands
Minister got into communication with the State
and Treasury Departments. A procedure was
speedily adopted at a special emergency con-
ference as soon as it became clear that action
had to be taken. It was decided that securities
could be destroyed and certificates of destruc-
tion given by American consuls for transmission
to the United States as a basis for a claim for
new securities. It should be recalled that the
ordinary legal procedure to be followed in such
a case requires the presence of the A,merican reg-
istrar, and that, this being impossible, the

United States Government could not assume re-
sponsibility that new certificates would be issued
upon presentation of the certificates of de-
struction.

"The procedure was immediately transmitted
to The Hague by the Netherlands Minister by
telephone and wired by the State Department
to the American authorities and consuls in The
Hague.

"Provision was also made for its announce-
ment over the British radio. Unfortunately,
however, the secm-ities were spread all over the
territory of the Netherlands and were held by
thousands of private individuals and banks.
The attack was so sudden and the enemy forces
were so overwhehning that no time was afforded
to put the procedure into effect. Moreover there
were comparatively few American consuls avail-
able in the territory and these were kept ex-
tremely busy. Even if these officials had been
in a position to help, the means of communica-
tion with them were largely cut off. As a result
of these unfortunate circumstances, for which
the Netherlands Government was not to blame,
some American bearer certificates did fall into
the hands of the Germans.

"It should be pointed out, however, that the
Netherlands Government in spite of the emer-
gency situation did succeed in keeping all their
gold out of reach of the Germans.

"Moreover, the Netherlands Government was
successful in keeping out of enemy hands the
balances held abroad by Netherlands corpora-
tions enabled by the above mentioned legislation
to remove their domicile to free tenitory.

"Immediately continuing its struggle for free-
dom on the friendly British shore, the Govern-
ment of the Netherlands lost no time in claiming
title for the duration of the war to all balances
and other property held abroad by its nationals
and corporations exposed to enemy duress. The
enforcement of this particular legislation in the
United States which is being sought through the
action of the courts in this country, and which

242

DEPARTMEJsT OF STATE BULLETIN

has been requested from the United States Gov-
ermnent upon its entering into the war, will
actually prevent the Germans ever to reap any
benefit of claims originally held by Nether-
landers on property in the United States.

"It may be brought to mind, finally, that the
Netherlands public always used to place a sub-
stantial part of its savings in bonds and shares
of United States enterprises and that the Neth-
erlands Government always allowed the free

flow oi funds towai'd this country, thus enabling
its nationals to place this part of their savings
in safety, should the Netherlands territory in
Europe be temporarily oveii-ini.

''The Netherlands Government feels that in
the circumstances it did everything possible to
block the ruthless attempts of the enemy and it
feels confident that the Government of the
Ignited States will concur in the above -views."

LEND-LEASE OPERATIONS

The President, on March 11, transmitted to
the Congress a report on lend-lease operations
for the year ended March 11, 1942. In his
letter of transmittal he says:

"One year ago, in passing the Lend-Lease
Act, the American people dedicated their ma-
terial resources to the defeat of the Axis. We
knew tlien that to strengthen those who were
fighting the Axis was to strengthen the United
States. . . .

"Now that we have had to dedicate our man-
power as well as our material resources to the
defeat of the Axis, the American people know
the wisdom of the step they took one year ago
today. Had not the nations fighting aggres-
sion been strengthened and sustained — their
armed forces with weapons, their factories with
materials, their people with food — our presently
grave position might indeed be desperate. . . .

"Lend-lease ■ has given us experience with
which to fight the aggressor. Lend-lease has
expanded our productive capacity for the build-
ing of guns and tanks and planes and ships.
The weapons we made and shipped have been
tested in actual combat on a dozen battlefields,
teaching lessons of untold value.

"Lend-lease is now a prime mechanism
through which the L^nited Nations are pooling
their entire resources. Under the Lend-Lease
Act, we send our arms and materials to the places
where they can best be used in the battle against
the Axis. Through reciprocal lend-lease provi-
sions we receive arms and materials from the

other United Nations when they can best be used
by us.

"... The offensive that the United Nations
nnist and will drive into the heart of the Axis
will take the entire strength that we possess.

"... With that combined strength we go
forward along the steep road to victory."

The total value of lend-lease aid to February
28, 1942 was $2,570,452,441, most of which came
from the $18,410,000,000 appropriated diiectly
to the President for lend-lesise. In addition, out
of the fxmds appropriated to the War and Navy
Departments and the Maritime Commission, the
President is empowered to transfer not to exceed
ii total of $29,596,650,000 for defense aid, as the
need arises. The distribution of lend-lease aid
provided through February 28 is set forth in the
following table :

Total Lend-Lease Aid
(In millions of dollars)

Defense articles transferred

Articles awaiting transfer or use._
Articles in process of manufacture
Servicing and repair of ships, etc.

Rental and charter of ships, etc

Production facilities in the U. S--
Miscellaneous expenses

Total

Cumula-
tive to

February
28, 1942

1,411

488
128
126
243
170
4

2,570

MARCH 21, 1942

243

In the iimoimt of lend-lease aid extended, each
month has sliown an increase over the preceding
month, with the aid for February 1942 amount-
ing to 569 million dollars, an increase of more
than 100 million dollars over that for January
1942.

Military items supplied to the armies of the
United Nations include airplanes, airplane
parts, tanks, ordnance, ammunition, field-com-
munications equipment, trucks, and petroleum.
Small ships, naval aircraft and ordnance, pe-
troleum, and many varieties of ship and air-
plane stores and equipment have strengthened
their navies, and British naval vessels have
been repaired and remodeled in our yards.
Lend-lease funds have been used to construct
naval bases and airplane-supply depots all over
the world.

Industrial aid already transferred includes
materials to help our allies manufacture their
own munitions of war — steel, copper, zinc, and
aluminum; alcohol, acids, and other chemicals;
raw airjDlane woods; and machine tools, bear-
ings, and abrasives. Lend-lease machinery is
fortifying their heavy industries and agricul-
ture. Textiles, leathers, and medical supplies
have also been delivered.

"Food has been and will continue to be one
of our most important contributions to the
United Nations pool of resources", the report
states. "Concentrated foods such as dairy,
meat, and poultry products and canned fish, to-
gether with fats and oils, have comprised a
large proportion of food shipments to Great
Britain." Wheat, flour, sugar, meat products,
and vegetable oils have been supplied to the
Soviet Union. Canned goods, such as canned
fish, bacon, cheese, milk, and vegetables have
been found suitable for export to the Middle
East.

United Nations shipping comes within the
same pooling principle as other major war re-
sources of the allies. Large amounts of lend-
lease funds have already been obligated for the
building of vessels, and billions more have been
appropriated for that purpose. Some vessels
have already been delivered. But lend-lease
has made its most immediate shipping contri-

450557 — 12 2

bution in servicing the ships now plying the
oceans. More than 1,000 foreign-flag cargo car-
riers have been repaired and refitted in Ameri-
can yards out of lend-lease funds, and, con-
versely, as part of the pooling policy, repairs
for American merchant ships have been under-
taken in allied ports, the expenses being met
with foreign funds. Lend-lease funds have
been used to construct new shipways, expand
aircraft and tank capacity, enlarge food-proc-
essing plants, and erect storage warehouses.

American air ferries have been established to
the British Isles, North Africa, the Middle East,
and Australia. Although the majority of the
planes ferried over these routes to date have
been United States Army planes or part of those
purchased by the British before lend-lease, many
of the airfields, storage depots, and hangars
used by them have been built with lend-lease
funds. Pilot training for students from the
United Nations is one of the important phases
of the lend-lease program.

Military missions in the Soviet Union, China,
North Africa, and Iran assist in the develop-
ment of lend-lease aid in these areas by seeing
that material delivered is properly serviced and
maintained after arrival. They instruct for-
eign personnel in con-ect operation of equip-
ment, report on its effectiveness in actual battle,
and help to rebuild the transportation systems
between foreign ports and battlefronts, where
necessary.

When the President declares the defense of
any country vital to the defense of the United
States, that nation becomes eligible for lend-
lease aid. The defense of the British Common-
wealth of Nations and 33 other countries has
thus far been declared vital to our defense. The
list follows :

Argentina
Belgium (Free)
Bolivia
Brazil

Costa Rica
Cuba

Czechoslovakia
Dominican Republic

British Commonwealth Ecuador

of Nations Egypt

Chile El Salvador

China Prance (Free)

Colombia Greece

244

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

Guatemala

Paraguay

Haiti

Peru

Honduras

Poland

Iceland

Turkey

Mexico

U.S.S.R.

Netherlands

Uruguay

Nicaragua

Venezuela

Norway

Yugoslavia

Panama

Nations with whom master compacts have al-
ready been executed are Bolivia, Brazil, Colom-
bia, Costa Kica, Cuba, Dominican Eepublic, El

Salvador, Great Britain, Haiti, Honduras, Ice-
land, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Paraguay, Peru,
Uruguay, and Venezuela. Aid is provided to
the Soviet Union in accordance with an ex-
change of communications, dated October 30
and November 4, 1941. Active negotiations for
lend-lease master compacts are either proceed-
ing or about to begin with 17 countries — Bel-
gium, Chile, China, Czechoslovakia, Ecuador,
Free France, Greece, Guatemala, Mexico, Nor-
way, Poland, Soviet Union, Turkey, and
Yugoslavia.

TRANSFER OF UNITED STATES CITIZENS FROM CANADIAN TO
UNITED STATES ARMED FORCES

[Released to the press March 20]

The Acting Secretary of State released to the
press on March 20 the texts of notes exchanged
between the Honorable Jay Pierrepont Moffat,
American Minister to Canada, and the Righi
Honorable W. L. Mackenzie King, Prime Min-
ister and Secretary of State for External
Affairs of Canada, in regard to the transfer to
the armed forces of the United States of cer-
tain United States citizens and former United
States citizens now serving in the naval, mili-
tary, or air forces of Canada. The texts of the
notes follow :

The American Minister to Canada to the
Secretary of State for External Affairs of
Canada

"Ottawa, March 18, 1942.

"Sir:

"With reference to conversations that have
recently taken place among the competent offi-
cials of the United States and Canadian Gov-
ernments concerning the proposed transfer to
the armed forces of the United States of certain
American citizens now serving in the naval,
military or air forces of Canada, I have the

honor to propose that an agreement be entered
into between the two Governments as follows :

"I. Forces AVithin Canada

"1. The appropriate Canadian and United
States authorities shall prepare a statement of
the conditions of transfer and thereafter, as soon
as possible, but not later than April 6, 1942, the
appropriate Canadian authorities shall inform
all United States citizens and former United
States citizens who have lost their citizenship as
a result of having taken an oath of allegiance
on enlistment in the Naval, Military or Air
Forces of Canada, and who are now serving in
these forces in Canada, that they have an oppor-
tunity prior to and not after April 20, 1942, to
apply for appointment or enlistment in the
United States Armed Forces. Personnel mak-
ing such applications may withdraw them at
any time prior to appointment or enlistment in
the United States armed forces.

"2. The United States War and Navy De-
partments .shall furnish National Defense
Headquarters, Ottawa, information governing
the conditions of service in the United States
armed forces, which information shall be com-
municated by National Defense Headquarters
to all concerned.

MARCH 21, 1942

245

"3. National Defense Headquarters, Ottawa,
shall send nominal rolls of tlie applicants to the
War or Navy Departments of the United
States.

"4. The United States War and Navy De-
partments shall appoint Boards to come to
Canada to interview applicants, with full power
to appoint or to enlist them in the United States
Forces.

"5. The Naval, Military and Air Forces of
Canada shall set up Boards empowered to
authorize resignations and discharge of the ap-
plicants accepted by the United States Forces.

"6. The Canadian Board shall be empowered
to postpone transfers, if in their opinion im-
mediate transfer would prejudicially affect the
common war effort.

"7. Medical examinations, resignations and
discharges from the Naval, Military or Air
Forces of Canada, and immediate appointment
or enlistment in the United States forces, sliall
take place at joint meetings of the United
States and Canadian Boards.

"8. The United States Board will issue the
necessary travel and meal vouchers to the ap-
pi'opriate assembly points in the United States
to the accepted applicants. Accepted ap-
plicants shall be permitted to wear Canadian
badges and uniform until such time as they
arrive at the assembly point in the United States
and are equipped with United States uniform.
The United States armed forces will return all
Public clothing, arms and equipment of such
accepted applicants to poiTits in Canada to be
designated.

"9. Sentences of detention of selected ap-
plicants will be remitted at the request of the
United States board.

"10. Except with the authority of National
Defense Headquarters applicants for appoint-
ment or enlistment in the United States armed
forces shall not be discharged from the Naval,
Military, or Air Forces of Canada until their
application has been heard by the United States
Board in accordance with the proposed plan.

"II. Forces Outside Canada

"1. The rules which apply to the above men-

tioned persons .serving within Canada will ap-
ply without change to those serving in the
Canadian forces in Newfoundland and Ja-
maica. If despite all efforts notifications to
United States citizens and former United
States citizens serving in Newfoundland or Ja-
maica are not deliverable before April 6, 1942,
the option to apply for transfer will be exer-
cisable for 15 days after the receipt of the
notification.

"2. The rules whicii apply to the above men-
tioned persons serving within Canada will ap-
ply without change to those serving outside of
Canada, Newfoundland, and Jamaica except
that:

"(a) The transfer will not ordinarily be
made until the individual can be trans-
ferred to a United States unit serving
in the area in which he is located, and

"(b) The option to apply for transfer will
be exercisable within fifteen (15) days
after notice of the right to exercise it
has appeared in the orders of the unit
with which he is serving.

"3. Representatives of Canada and of the
United States will discuss with the authorities
of Great Britain the transfer to the United
States forces of Royal Canadian Air Force
personnel now serving in the Royal Air Force
whose transfer might affect the efficiency of the
Royal Air Force.

"III. United States Forces

"The United States will accord the same right
of transfer to Canadian citizens now serving in
the United States forces as is accorded United
States citizens serving in Canadian forces.

"In submitting the foregoing proposal I may
add that if an agreement in this sense is accept-
able to the Canadian Government, this note and
your reply thereto accepting the terms outlined
shall be regarded as placing on record the
understanding arrived at between the two Gov-
ernments concerning this matter.

"Accept [etc.]

PiERREPONT Moffat,
American Minister.^

246

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

The Secretary of State for External Affairs of
Canada to the American Minister to Canada

"Ottawa, March 20, 1942.

"Sir:

"I have the honor to refei" to your note of
March 18, 1942, no. 629, proposing an agree-
ment between the Governments of Canada and
of the United States concerning the transfer
to the armed forces of the United States of cer-
tain United States citizens and former United
States citizens now serving in the Naval, Mili-
tary or Air Forces of Canada.

"I am glad to inform you in reply that the
Canadian Government undertakes to give effect
to the agreement set forth in your note.

"Accept [etc.]

W. L. Mackenzie Ivjng,
Seeretary of State for External Affairs.'''

AMERICANS IN THE FAR EAST

[Released to the press March 21]

The Department has received from American
official sources in the Far East reports which,
on the basis of information received by the re-
porting officers from a number of persons who
have recently escaped from Hong Kong, confirm
the statement made by the British Secretary
of State for Foreign Affairs, Anthony Eden,
in the House of Commons on Marcli 10 in regard
to the outrageous treatment by the Japanese of
the captured population of Hong Kong.

The Foreign Service

PERSONNEL CHANGES

[Released to the press March 21]

The following changes have occurred in the
American Foreign Service since March 14, 1942 :

Lubert O. Sanderhoff, of Pasadena, Calif.,
Vice Consul at Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua,

Mexico, has been assigned as Vice Consul at
Mazatlan, Sinaloa, Mexico.

John W. Tuthill, of Cambridge, Mass., Vice
Consul at Mazatlan, Sinaloa, Mexico, has been
designated Third Secretary of Legation and
Vice Consul at Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, and
will serve in dual capacity.

John Carter Vincent, of Macon, Ga., First
Secretary of Embassj' at Chungking, China, has
been designated Counselor of Embassy at
Chungking, China.

Cultural Relations

CULTURAL INSTITUTES IN THE OTHER
AMERICAN REPUBLICS

The spontaneous development in many of the
other American republics of cultural centers or
institutes, with the purpose of increasing a
knowledge of the United States and its people,
is an effective contribution to inter-American
solidarity. Although the United States Gov-
ermnent, as well as private agencies in this coun-
try, is cooperating in the development of the
institutes, these have been inaugurated for the
most part by nationals of the countries in which
they are established, a fact which in itself is
proof of the sincerity of the wide-spread desire
to become more fully acquainted with the lan-
guage, life, and literature of the United States.

Probably language-teaching is the most im-
portant phase of the work of the cultural insti-
tutes, all of which conduct classes in English,
usually well attended and highly successful.
English classes at the icana — the Institute
Cultural Argentino-Norteamericano — in Buenos
Aires, for instance, have more than 3,600 stu-
dents. The Division of Cultural Relations of the
Department of State and the Office of the Coor-
dinator of Inter-American Affairs are cooperat-
ing with the leading cultural institutes for the
purpose of procuring teachers of English from
the United States for carrying out this impor-
tant service. Several of the institutes also offer

MARCH 2 1, 1942

247

classes in Spanish or Portuguese for the benefit
of resident citizens of the United States.

The institutes are also most helpful in estab-
lishing contacts for distinguislied visitors from
the United States, for whom lectures, concerts,
and similar programs are often arranged. Some
institutes promote travel between their coun-
tries and the United States and sometimes aid
in the selection of students for travel grants in
the United States. Other outstanding activities
of most of these cultural centers inchide moticm-
picture and radio programs, publication of bul-
letins, sponsorship of exhibits, arrangements for
celebrating the principal patriotic anniversaries
of the United States, and maintenance of a rep-
resentative library and reading room stocked
with books by our leading authors.

So far, 15 of these cultural institutes have
been established : at Buenos Aires and Cordoba
in Argentina; at Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo,
Porto Alegre, Florianopolis, and Curitiba in
Brazil; and at Santiago, Chile; Habana, Cuba;
Quito. Ecuador; Tegucigalpa, Honduras; Lima,
Peru; Montevideo, Uruguay; and Caracas,
Venezuela. Of these the oldest is the icana
in Buenos Aires, inaugurated on May 9, 1928.
The second oldest, which is also called the
Instituto Cultural Argentino-Norteamericano,
was founded in Cordoba in December 1931.
The most recent is the Uniao Cultural Brasil -
Estados Unidos, established at Curitiba on De-
cember 28, 1941.

VISIT TO THE UNITED STATES OF
EDUCATOR FROM PANAMA

[Released to the press March 20]

Dr. Catalino Arrocha Graell, president of the
National Institute of Panama, a large prepara-
tory school for boys, arrived in Washington on
March 20 at the invitation of the Department
of State. Dr. Arrocha Graell is interested in
visiting representative high schools and junior
colleges in this countiy. His present plans are
to spend several weeks in the West, principally
in California, and one month in the eastern
States. He himself was educated in the schools

of his own country and a})road. He is a grad-
uate of the University of Chile.

The National Institute, which Dr. Arrocha
Gi'aell heads, has an enrolment of about one
thousand students, with students from the other
Central American republics as well as from
Panama. Most of its graduates enter the Uni-
veisity of Panama.

CULTURAL RELATIONS OFFICERS

Cultural relations officers assigned to Amer-
ican missions in the other American republics
are listed below:

Buenos Aires, Argentina — John Griffiths
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil — Jo.seph Piazza
Bogota, Colombia — Herschel Brickell
Santiago, Chile — Laurence Kinnaird
San Jos§, Costa Rica — Albert H. Gerberich
Quito, Ecuador — Francis Colligan
Guatemala, Guatemala — Robert Chamberlain
Port-au-Prince, Haiti — Horace Ashton
Mexico, D. F., Mexico — Charles H. Stevens
Managua, Nicaragua — William Marvel
Ascunci6n, Paraguay — Morrell Cody
Montevideo, Uruguay — Charles A. Page

Glenn R. Barr is a junior cultural relations
officer at Buenos Aires, and Gretchen Ahlswede
is a junior cultural relations officer at Santiago.

VISIT TO THE UNITED STATES OF
HONDURAN ARTIST AND EDUCATOR

[Released to the press March 20]

Arturo Lopez Rodezno, director of the School
of Fine Arts in Tegucigalpa, Honduras, arrived
in Washington on March 21 by Pan American
Airways to visit museums and art schools in
the United States. He is especially interested
in seeing schools and factories engaged in mak-
ing ceramics, a branch of art which he is help-
ing to develop advantageously in Honduras
from both the cultural and the economic point
of view. Students in his School of Fine Arts,
many of them from the homes of farm laborers
and from underijrivileged urban sectors, are
already designing and constructing artistic
glazed-pottery articles for household use by the

248

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

great bulk of the population for whom laigh-
priced imported goods are out of reach.

Senor Lopez Rodezno, who has come to this
country at the invitation of the Department of
State, is himself an artist of talent, as well as
in educator. This month his school is conduct-
ing an exhibition covering the work done there
since its foundation two years ago. Students
with no previous artistic training are showing
work of real merit in woodcarving, ceramics,
drawing, painting, and sculpture. Credit for
the school's progress is generally attributed to
the energy and ability of the director and to
the personal interest in its work of President
Carias of Honduras.

American Republics

INAUGURATION OF PRESIDENT OF
CHILE

[Released to the press March 21]

The Honorable Claude G. Bowers, American
Ambassador to Chile, has been named by the
President as his special representative with the
rank of Ambassador at the inauguration of Dr.
Juan Antonio Rios Morales, President-elect of
the Republic of Chile. The inauguration will
take place April 2.

Treaty Information

Compiled in the Treaty Division

FLORA AND FAUNA

Convention on Nature Protection and Wildlife
Preservation in the Western Hemisphere

Dominican Republic

The Director General of the Pan American
Union uiformed the Secretary of State by a
letter dated March 11, 1942, that the instrument
of ratification by the Dominican Republic of
the Convention on Nature Protection and Wild-
life Preservation in the Western Hemisphere,
which was opened for signature at the Pan
American Union on October 12, 1940, was de-
posited with the Union on March 3, 1942. The
instrument of ratification is dated January
28, 1942.

Pern.

The American Embassy at Lima reported by
a despatch dated March 11, 1942 that the Official
Gazette for that day publishes a Supreme Reso-
lution dated December 31, 1941, ratifying on
behalf of Peru the Convention on Nature Pro-
tection and Wildlife Preservation in the

Western Hemisphere, which was opened for
signature at the Pan American Union on
October 12, 1940.

PUBLICATIONS

Agreement With Liberia for the Exchange of
Official Publications

The American Minister to Liberia trans-
mitted to the Secretary of State with a des-
patch dated January 16, 1942 copies of an ex-
change of notes dated January 15, 1942 effect-
ing an agreement between the United States of
America and the Republic of Liberia for the
exchange of official publications.

The official exchange office for the transmis-
sion of the publications on the part of the
United States is the Smithsonian Institution,
and on the part of Liberia it is the Department
of State of Liberia. Each Government fur-
nished to the other Government a list of the
official publications to be regularly exchanged.
On behalf of the United States the publications
shall be received by the Library of Congress
and on behalf of the Liberian Government they

MARCH 21, 1942

249

shall bo received by the Department of State.
Each party to the agreement agrees to bear the
postal, railroad, steamship, and other charges
arising in its own country. The agreement
entered into force on January 15, 194:2. It will
shortly be printed in the Executive Agreement
Series.

FRIENDSHIP

Treaty Between China and Iraq

The American Legation at Baghdad leported
by a telegram dated March 19, 1942, that the
Iraqi Foreign Office announced on that day the
signature of a Treaty of Friendship between
the Kingdom of Iraq and the Republic of
China.

ALLIANCE

Treaty of Alliance Between the United Kingdom
and the Soviet Union, and Iran

There is printed below the text of the Treaty
of Alliance between the United Kingdom and
the Soviet Union, and Iran (with notes) , which
was signed at Tehran on January 29, 1942 : ^

"His Majesty the King of Great Britain, Ire-
land and the British Dominions beyond the
Seas, Emperor of India, and the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics, on the one hand, and His
Imperial Majesty the Shahinshah of Iran, on the
other; ^^1

"Having in view the principles of the Atlan-
tic Charter ^ jointly agreed upon and announced
to the world by the President of the United
States of America and the Prime Minister of the
United Kingdom on the 14th August, 1941, and
endorsed by the Government of the Union of
Soviet Socialist Republics on the 24th Septem-
ber, 1941, with which His Imperial Majesty the
Shahinshah declares his complete agreement
and from which he wishes to benefit on an equal
basis with other nations of the world ; and

' The text printed here is taken from the British
print (Cmd. 6335).

'BuUetin of August 16, 1941, p. 125.

"Being anxious to strengthen the bonds of
friendship and mutual understanding between
them; and

"Considering that these objects will best be
achieved by the conclusion of a Treaty of Alli-
ance ;

"Have agreed to conclude a treaty for this
purpose and have appointed as their plenipo-
tentiaries ;

"His Majesty the King of Great Britain, Ire-
land and the British Dominions beyond the
Seas, Emperor of India,

"For the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Northern Ireland,

"His Excellency Sir Reader William Bul-
LAED, K.C.M.G., CLE., His Majesty's
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister
Plenipotentiary in Iran.
"Tlie Union of Soviet Socialist Republics,
"His Excellency M. Andre Andreewich
Smienov, Ambassador Extraordinary
and Minister Plenipotentiary of the
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in
Iran.
"His Imperial Majesty the Shahinshah of
Iran,

"His Excellency M. Ali Soheily, Minister
for Foreign Affairs.
"Who, having communicated their full pow-
ers, found in good and due form, have agreed as
follows :

"Article 1.

"His Majesty the King of Great Britain, Ire-
land and the British Dominions beyond the
Seas, Emperor of India, and the LTnion of
Soviet Socialist Republics (hereinafter referred
to as the Allied Powers) jointly and severally
undertake to respect the territorial integrity,
.sovereignty, and political independence of Iran.

"Article 2.

"An alliance is established between the Allied
Powers on the one hand and His Imperial
Majesty the Shahinshah of Iran on the other.

"Abticle 3.

"(i) The Allied Powers jointly and severally
undertake to defend Iran by all means at their

250

command from all aggression on the part of
Germany or any other Power.

"(ii) His Imperial Majesty the Shahinshah
undertakes —

"(a) to cooperate with the Allied Powers with
all the means at his command and in
every way possible, in order that they may
be able to fulfil the above undertaking.
The assistance of the Iranian forces shall,
however, be limited to the maintenance of
internal security on Iranian territoiy ;

"(6) to secure to the Allied Powers, for the
passage of troops or supplies from one
Allied Power to the other or for other
similar purposes, the unrestricted right
to use, maintain, guard, and, in case of
military necessity, control in any way
that they may require all means of com-
munication throughout Iran, including
railways, roads, rivers, aerodromes, ports,
pipelines and telephone, telegraph and
wireless installations;

"(<?) to furnish all possible assistance and fa-
cilities in obtaining material and recruit-
ing labor for the pui-pose of the mainte-
nance and improvement of the means of
communication referred to in paragraph

(&);

"((?) to establish and maintain, in collabora-
tion with the Allied Powers, such meas-
ures of censorship control as they may
require for all the means of communica-
tion referred to in paragraph (b).

" (iii) It is clearly understood that in the ap-
plication of paragraph (ii) (b) (c) and (d) of
the present article the Allied Powers will give
full consideration to the essential needs of Iran.

"Article 4.

"(i) The Allied Powers may maintain in
Iranian territory, land, sea, and air forces in such
number as they consider necessary. The location
of such forces shall be decided in agreement with
the Iranian Goverimient so long as the strategic

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BtTLLETIN

situation allows. All questions concerning the
relations between the forces of the Allied Powers
and the Iranian authorities shall be settled so far
as possible in cooperation with the Iranian au-
thorities in such a way as to safeguard the secu-
rity of the said forces. It is understood that the
presence of these forces on Iranian territory does
not constitute a military occupation and will
disturb as little as possible the administration
and the security forces of Iran, the economic life
of the country, the normal movements of the
population, and the application of Iranian laws
and regulations.

"(ii) A separate agreement or agreements
shall be concluded as soon as possible after the
entry into force of the present Treaty regarding
any financial obligations to be borne by the
Allied Powers under the provisions of the pres-
ent article and of paragraphs (ii) (b), (c) and
(d) of Article 3 above in such matters as local
purchases, the hiring of buildings and plant, the
employment of labor, transport charges, etc. A
special agreement shall be concluded between the
Allied Govermnents and the Iranian Govern-
ment defining the conditions for any transfers to
the Iranian Government after the war of build-
ings and other improvements effected by the
Allied Powers on Iranian territory. These
agreements shall also settle the immunities to be
enjoyed by the forces of the Allied Powers in
Iran.

"Article 5.

"The forces of the Allied Powers shall be
withdrawn from Iranian territory not later than
six months after all hostilities between the
Allied Powers and Germany and her associates
have been suspended by the conclusion of an
armistice or armistices, or on the conclusion of
l^eace between them, whichever date is the
earlier. The expression 'associates' of Ger-
many means all other Powers which have en-
gaged or may in the future engage in hostilities
against either of the Allied Powers.

MARCH 2 1, 1942

251

"Article 6.

"(i) The Allied Powers undertake in their
relations with foreio^n countries not to adoi^t an
attitude which is prejudicial to the territorial
integrity, sovereignty, or political independence
of Iran, nor to conclude treaties inconsistent
with the provisions of the present Treaty.
Tliey undertake to consult the Government of
His Imperial Majesty the Shahinshah in all
matters affecting the direct interests of Iran.

"(ii) His Imperial Majesty the Shahinshah
undertakes not to adopt in his relations with
foreign countries an attitude which is inconsist-
ent with the alliance, nor to conclude treaties
inconsistent with the provisions of the present
Treaty.

"Article 7.

"The Allied Powers jointly undertake to use
their best endeavours to safeguard the economic
existence of the Iranian people against the jDri-
vations and difficulties arising as a result of the
present war. On the entry into force of the
present Treaty, discussions shall be opened be-
tween the Government of Iran and the Govern-
ments of the Allied Powers as to the best possi-
ble methods of carrying out the above under-
taking.

"Article 8.

"The provisions of the present Treaty are
equally binding as bilateral obligations between
His Imperial Majesty the Shahinshah and each
of the two other High Contracting Parties.

"Article 9.

"The present Treaty shall come into force on
signature and shall remain in force until the
date fixed for the withdrawal of the forces of
the Allied Powers from Iranian territory in
accordance with Article 5.

"In witness whereof, the above-named pleni-
potentiaries have signed the present Treaty and
have affixed thereto their seals.

"Done at Tehran in triplicate in English,
Russian, and Persian, all being equally authen-
tic, on the 29th day of January, 1942.

[L.S.] R. W. BULLARD

[L.S.] A. A. Smirnov
[L.S.] Ali Soheilt"

"Annex 1.

'''Identic notes addressed to the Iranian Minister
for Foreign Affairs hy His Majesty''s Minister
and the Soviet Amiassadar

"With reference to Article 6, paragraph (i),
of the Treaty of Alliance signed to-day, I have
the honor, on behalf of His Majesty's Govern-
ment in the United Kingdom [the Government
of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics] to
assure Your Excellency that my Government
intei'pret the j^rovisions of this clause as being
applicable to any peace conference or confer-
ences held at the conclusion of the present war,
or other general international conferences.
Consequently they consider themselves bound
not to approve anything at any such conference
which is prejudicial to the territorial integrity,
sovereignty, or political independence of Iran,
and not to discuss at any such conference any-
thing affecting the direct interests of Iran with-
out consultation with the Government of Iran.

"His Majesty's Government [the Government
of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics]
will further do their best to secure that Iran will
be represented on a footing of equality in any
peace negotiations directly affecting her in-
terests."

"Annex 2.

''■Identic notes addressed to His Majesty''s
Minister and the Soviet Ambassador iy the
Iranian Minister for Foreign Affairs

"With reference to Ai-ticle 6, paragraph (ii),
of the Treaty of Alliance signed this day, I have
the honor, on behalf of the Iranian Govern-

252

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

ment, to assure Your Excellency that the Iran-
ian Government would consider it contrary to
their obligations under this clause to maintain
diplomatic relations with any State which is in
diplomatic relations with neither of the Allied
Powers.

"Annex 3.

^'■Identic notes addressed to the Iranwn Minuter
for Foreign Affairs hy His Majesty's Minister
and the Soviet Ambassador

"I have the honor, on behalf of His Majesty's
Government in the United Kingdom [the Gov-
ernment of the Union of Soviet Socialist Re-
publics] to convey to Your Excellency the fol-
lowing assurances: —

"(1) With reference to Article 3 (ii) {a) of
the Treaty of Alliance which has been signed
to-day, the Allied Powers Mill not require of
Iran the participation of her armed forces in
any war or military operations against anj' For-
eign Power or Powers.

"(2) With reference to Article 4 (ii), it is
understood that there is no provision in the
Treaty which requires that the Iranian Govern-
ment shall bear the cost of any works which the
Allied Powers carry out for their own military
ends and which are not necessary for the needs
of Iran.

"(3) It is understood that Annex 1 will re-
main in force even if the Treaty ceases to be
valid, in accordance with the provisions of
Article 9, before peace has been concluded."

TRANSIT

Exchange of Notes With Canada Regarding
Construction of Military Highway to Alaska

The texts of notes exchanged between the
American Minister to Canada and the Prime
Minister and Seci-etary of State for External
Affairs of Canada pertaining to detailed ar-
rangements for the construction of a military
highway to Alaska, appear in this Bulletin
under the heading "The War".

ARMED FORCES

Exchange of Notes With Canada Regarding
Transfer of United States Citizens From Ca-
nadian to United States Armed Forces

The texts of notes exchanged between the
American Minister to Canada and the Prime
Minister and Secretary of State for External
Affairs of Canada in regard to the transfer to
the armed forces of the United States certain
United States citizens now serving in the naval,
military, or air foi-ces of Canada, appear in this
Bulletin under the heading "The War".

The Department

APPOINTMENT OF OFFICERS

Mr. Wallace S. Murray was appointed an
Adviser on Political Relations, effective March
13, 1942 (Departmental Order 1035). Effective
the same date, Mr. Paul H. Ailing was ap-
pointed Chief of the Division of Near Eastern
Affairs (Departmental Order 1036).

Mr. Philip W. Bonsai was appointed Chief
of the Division of the American Republics, ef-
fective March 13 (Departmental Order 1037).

Mr. Knowlton V. Hicks, a Foreign Service
officer of class VI, and Mr. Herve J. L'Heureux,
a Foreign Service officer of class VI, were desig-
nated, effective March 13, Assistant Chiefs of
the Visa Division (Departmental Order 1038).

Effective March 17, Mr. Harley A. Notter was
designated an Assistant Chief of the Division
of Special Research (Departmental Order
1039).

Mr. Hallett Johnson, a Foreign Service officer
of class II, was designated as Assistant Chief
of the Division of Defense Materials, effective
March 18 (Departmental Order 1040).

MARCH 21, 1942

253

Legislation

Documentary Evidence of Citizenship : Hearings Before
the Comnjittee on Immigration and Naturalization,
House of Repesentatives, 77th Cong., 2d sess., on H.R.
6138, H.R. 6441, H.R. 6534, February 11 and 12, 1942,
[and] on H.R. 6600, February 17, 1942, bills providing
for the issuance of documentary evidence of United
States citizenship, iv, 64 pp.

Expeditious Naturalization of Former Citizens of the
United States Who Have Lost United States Citizen-
ship Through Service With the Allied Forces of the
United States During the First or Second World War.
H. Rept. 1!)()3, 77th Cong., on H.R. 6633. 2 pp.

An Act To suspend the effectiveness during the existing
national emergency of tariff duties on scrap iron,
scrap steel, and nonferrous-metal scrap. Approved

March 13, 1942. [H.U. 6531.] Public Law 497, 77th
Cong. 1 p.
An Act To amend the Merchant Marine Act, 1936, as
amended, to provide for the coordination of the for-
warding and similar servicing of water-borne export
and import foreign commerce of the United States.
Approved March 14, 1942. [H.R. 6291.] Public Law
498, 77th Cong. 1 p.

Publications

Department of State

Diplomatic List, March 1942. Publication 1701. ii, 95
pp. Subscription, $1 a year ; single copy, 10^.

For sale by the Superintendent o( Documents, Washington, D. C. — Price, 10 cents - - - - Subscription price, $2.75 a year

PCBLISHBD WEEKLY WITH THE APPROVAL OF THE DIBECTOB OF THE BTIKEAU OF THE BODOBT

*■ Q^ c-s, if) =,

THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE

BULLETIN

MARCH 28, 1942
Vol. VI, No. 144 — Publication 1717

ontents

The War Page

Greek Independence Day: Address by Assistant Secre-
tary Barle 257

Anniversary of accession of King Peter II of Yugo-
slavia 260

Inter-American Defense Board 260

Advisory Mission to India 260

The Far East

Repajonent of Chinese loan 260

The Near East

Agricultural Mission to Saudi Arabia 261

General

Churchill-Roosevelt Highway in Trinidad 261

Verification of passports of American citizens .... 261

Contributions for relief in belligerent countries .... 261

Cultural Relations

Exhibition of Chilean Art: Message from the Acting

Secretary of State 262

Certification of educational films 263

Treaty Information

Finance: Agreement With China 263

Health: International Sanitary Convention, 1926. . . 265
Legal Assistance: Protocol on Uniformity of Powers of

Attorney Which Are To Be Utilized Abroad . . . 266
Indian Affairs: Convention Providing for the Creation

of an Inter-American Indian Institute 267

Legislation 267

Regulations 267

Publications 267

u, s, suf'Ek:,

The War

GREEK INDEPENDENCE DAY

ADDRESS BY ASSISTANT SECRETARY BERLE '

[Released to the press March 26]

Mr. Toastmaster, Mr. Minister, President
Butler:

Like every American, I am proud to recog-
nize the anniversary of the independence of
Greece as a day worthy of honor in the annals of
every country.

Greece is no less independent today than she
was before the German invaders entered her
soil, plundered her cities, and now attempt to
starve a valiant people into submission. We re-
fuse to accept that invasion. We have no faith
in that conquest. With the help of God, we will
redeem the pledge of the Atlantic Charter — that
the nations submerged by Nazi cruelty shall be
restored in freedom and strength.

This is the record which will never be for-
gotten :

In October of 1940 Greece resisted a treacher-
ous attack by the then boastful Fascist Empire
of Italy. In a brilliant campaign she crushed
that attack — both with her ideas and with her
arms. Italian troops and the Italian people
suddenly were made to see their shoddy rulers as
the braggarts, the betrayers, and the oppressors
which they were. Thousands of Italian soldiers
simply declined to join in the fighting against
the free Greek people, whom they knew as
friends and neighbors.

^ Delivered at the Greek Independence Day dinner of
the American Ftlends of Greece at the Columbia Uni-
versity Club, New York, N. Y., March 25, 1942.

Five months later, Greek leadership, backed
to the limit by the heroism of Greek soldiers
and civilians, had brought the Italian Empire
literally to its knees.

From that defeat the Fascist and Nazi legions
have never recovered.

Mussolini has never recovered because he has
never again been able to reconstitute an army
which could or would fight. He had made it
plain to his people that he had nothing but dis-
honor to offer them. In March 1941, to keep
afloat the wreck of his government, he was
forced virtually to turn over the Italian people
in bondage to their ancient oppressors, the Ger-
man invaders. To save himself from the victory
of Greek soldiers he committed a crime against
Italy and against Italian history. He called
back the foreigner. He gave his police to the
Gestapo. He undid the work of Garibaldi and
Cavour. He betrayed his people and his civili-
zation. At that moment the boast of Mussolini's
empire was at an end. It has never emerged
since.

In April of 1941 Greece met a second assault,
the furious attack of the Nazi army. She, with
British assistance, held that army at bay long
enough to do two things. She made possible
the reinforcement of the eastern Mediterranean,
and she delayed the German attack on Soviet
Russia for several weeks.

Those weeks were precious, and the delay was
decisive. They spelled, in the end, the failure

257

258

DEPABTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN

of last summer's attack on Kussia. They made
it impossible for the German divisions to finish
their Russian campaign in the summer of 1941,
and the German armies were not prepared for
a winter campaign. I believe that the summer
of 1942 will make it plain that thereby the Nazi
rulers of Germany have lost the war and have
decreed their own ruin.

We now have information from sources in-
side of Germany making it clear that the Ger-
mans themselves know that there can be but
one end. The German people know, as we know,
that no provision has been made by the Nazi
government for the year 1943. They know that
the machines they need to produce the tools of
war are no longer repaired. They know that
the skilled workmen and the young engineers
who must do the production of tomorrow have
been and are being sent, half trained, to slaugh-
ter on the fighting fronts in Russia. They know
that the battalions which go out do not come
back, save as a collection of shattered wrecks.
They know, indeed, that the men who have gone
to the Russian front are frequently not allowed
to come back to Germany, lest the German
people learn what has befallen.

Without the glorious weeks of Greek resist-
ance I believe this would not have been possible.
And so I say that to the spirit of freedom in
Greece every people in the world owes a debt
of gratitude.

It is not the first time in the world's history
that Greece has saved the honor, the culture,
and the soul of the Western World : We are, all
of us, the heirs of Marathon and Thermopylae.

I know, of course, that in the present agony
of Greece there must be those who will ask
whether it is all worthwhile. To them we must
answer that Greece, throughout two thousand
five hundred years of history, has always given
the same response : There is no life worth hav-
ing save the life of freedom, as free people, with
free minds, free hearts — and free children.

Indeed, we know why that is true because we
know what is now happening in certain coun-
tries not far from Greece which did not resist.

We saw a frightened Hungarian government
grant the right of passage to German arms. We
saw a weak and corrupt Rumanian goverimaent
invite the Nazi hordes within their country.
Both Hungary and Rumania were trying to buy
their peace, on evil terms.

Today a German agent in Budapest is insist-
ing that the Nazis shall take the flower of Hun-
garian youth and send them as soldiers under
German command to fight on the plains of Rus-
sia. This is not to defend the freedom of Hun-
gary, for as soon as these divisions have gone
to Russia the Germans propose to take over
Hungary. Their plans are already laid.

This is to give Hitler a chance to bribe
Rumania. The bribe wUl be an offer to let
Rumanians take back Transylvania from Hun-
gary. For this price the Rumanians are also
asked to send the bulk of their army to fight
once more in Russia. Hitler is already short
of men, and the German people now fear what
further slaughter may do to their race. It is
therefore proposed that Hungarians and Ruma-
nians shall be sacrificed instead. This will leave
to the Nazi Gestapo and S.S. troojjs the easier
task of sucking the last ounce of food, of prop-
erty, and of self-respect from the Hungarian
and Rumanian peoples who are, as you know,
classified by the Nazis as second- and third-class
peoples, fit only to make good servants for good
Nazis.

This plan is now under negotiation in Buda-
pest and in the Rumanian Capital. Should it
slip up, a second plan is to offer Transylvania
as a bribe to Hungary, if her divisions will go
out to fight Russia. Indeed, it is not clear that
Transylvania has not already been promised to
both parties.

Meanwhile, German troops have occupied the
important points in both countries ; the Gestapo
and the S.S. have been systematically entering
and wrecking every Rumanian and Hungarian
institution. Through force and fear these two
countries are already being brought within sight
of hunger this year and starvation a year hence.

These are the govenmients which, milike
Greece, did not resist. They tried to buy

MARCH 28, 1942

259

peace — with dishonor. They found, that the
part of the bargain which the Nazis kept was
to give them dishonor.

They sought peace and quiet at the hands of
the Nazis. They were given hatreds, riots, and
suppressed civil war.

They sought, by giving up their countries, to
keep their harvests for food and their manufac-
tures to supply their homes. They have been
given economic serfdom at the hands of Nazi
masters. Their people, even their children, are
compelled to work in the fields — for foreign
invaders. The products of their land and their
toil are shipped to Berlin. Corrupt Nazi offi-
cials make fortunes from bribes or blackmail
extorted from the peasants and manufacturers
of Hungary, of Transylvania, of the Banat, of
the Danube Valley.

Worst among the lies was the tale that Nazi
arms would defend them from all enemies. But
in fact, the Nazi diplomats and statesmen were
building enemies for them and are plotting
now to leave these countries defenseless.

"We do not for one moment lose sight of the
fact that resistance is hard and even terrible.
It is true that we have not thus far felt here the
privations of war, though that will come soon
enough. But we watch with horror and rising
anger the cold-blooded policy of starvation
which the Nazi gang has imposed on occupied
Greece. They have not even the code which
first-rate soldiers observe towards a brave
enemy.

As we sit here tonight men, women, and chil-
dren are dying of hunger in Crete, in the Pelo-
ponnesus, in Epirus, in Athens, in Thrace.
They are dying for an ideal which has main-
tained the glory of Greece and the culture of
the world since the dawn of history. Let it be
resolved that not even the humblest of these
dead shall be forgotten. Let it be determined
that the men who are responsible for these hor-
rors shall meet at long last the justice and the
judgment they have deserved at the hands of
the free peoples.

But justice requires more than dealing with
the guilty. It must include relief, assistance.

and reconstruction of the life of Greece. In
honor and in humanity we can do no less.

Greece will not die. She could not, indeed,
for there is more of western life and western
hope in a handful of dust on the Acropolis than
in all the makeshift religions, philosophies, and
new orders that have come from the diseased
brains in Berlin. From the example of Greece
the United Nations must draw increased devo-
tion to their declared ideal of preserving liberty,
independence, and religious freedom, and of set-
ting up once more a world in which human
rights and justice are the foundation of the law
of the earth.

For many of us this has been a long road.
As sometimes happens in history, the struggle
for eternal values has occupied an entire life
span. You and I belong to a generation which
has had to meet a world war twice in a life-
time. We came to maturity in the shadow of
the first world conflict. We have struggled with
the after effects of that war until the new strug-
gle began to appear. We must live and sweat
and toil through this second cataclysm, greater
even than the first. We shall have spent most
of our lives without knowing what peace really
means.

We have dreamed dreams, and have never
surrendered them. We have sought a city whose
builder and maker was God. We shall continue
that search, though we may have to go from
camp to camp; though, having fought, we can
only rest and take the field again. But we will
not in this life relinquish a ray of splendor of
our dreams or a fragment of faith that has
brought us, with clear eyes, through a lifetime
of conflict.

We are resolved that there shall be no com-
promise in this present struggle. Wliat Greece
could do, we all must do. If we never know
what peace is in our lifetime, we propose never-
theless that the light which came into Europe,
and from Europe to the Americas, from the
lamps of the Acropolis, from the tragedies of
Euripides, from the songs of Menander, from
the thought of Aristotle, from the science of
Archimedes — that light will not go out.

260

DEPAETMENT OF STATE BTJLLETtN

ANNIVERSARY OF ACCESSION OF KING
PETER n OF YUGOSLAVIA

f Released to the press March 27]

The President, on March 27, sent a telegram
to the King of Yugoslavia, now resident in
London, on the anniversary of the events in the
course of which the regency was dissolved, King
Peter II assumed power, and a new government,
representative of the country at large, was con-
stituted. These events preceded by just 10 days
the invasion of Yugoslavia by the Axis powers.
The telegram follows :

"On this anniversary of the memorable day
when the Yugoslav people boldly resolved to
face the dangers threatening their liberty and
honor, and entrusted their destiny to your
leadership, I send this message of friendship.

"The people of the United States join with me
in this greeting to the people of Yugoslavia.
We are sure of their victory in the valiant strug-
gle for the restoration of their freedom.

Franklin D Roosevelt"

[Released to the press March 27]

The following telegram has been sent to the
King of Yugoslavia by the Honorable Arthur
Bliss Lane, former American Minister to Yugo-
slavia :

"Having been privileged as Minister of the
United States to witness in person the historic
events of a year ago, and the heroic resistance of
your people following the unprovoked attack
on Yugoslavia, I venture to extend to Your
Majesty my congratulations on the anniversary
of your accession and my cordial good wishes for
your personal welfare and for the restoration of
the independence of Yugoslavia.

Arthur Bliss Lane"

INTER - AMERICAN DEFENSE BOARD

Lt. Gen. Stanley D. Embick and Vice Admiral
Alfred W. Johnson have been designated to rep-
resent the United States on the Inter- American
Defense Board, which will hold its first meeting
in Washington on March 30. The Board is an

outgrowth of a recommendation by the Third
Meeting of Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the
American Republics that a commission com-
posed of military and naval technicians be ap-
pointed by each government of the American
republics to study and recommend measures for
the defense of the continent.^

ADVISORY MISSION TO INDIA

[Released to the press March 24]

In view of the appointment of Col. Louis
Johnson as Personal Representative of the Presi-
dent in India it will be necessary for him to
devote his full time to his duties near the Gov-
ernment of India at New Delhi. It has there-
fore been decided that Dr. Henry F. Grady,
former Assistant Secretary of State and a mem-
ber of the Advisory Mission to India, will
assume the active chairmanship of that Mission.

The function of the Advisory Mission will be
to investigate on the spot and make recom-
mendations as to ways and means by which the
United States Government can assist in aug-
menting India's war potentialities. The work
of the Mission is therefore directly related to the
common war effort of the United Nations and in
no way has to do with post-war industrial and
commercial questions.

The Far East

REPAYMENT OF CHINESE LOAN

The Chinese Ambassador in Washington has
informed the Department of State that the
Chinese Government has made arrangements to
complete the repayment of the 25-million-dollar
Wood-Oil Loan made by the United States to
China on February 8, 1939 and that full pay-
ment of the loan had accrued solely from the
transactions which had been involved in the
tung-oil shipments from China.

'Bulletin of February 7, 1942, p. 139.

MARCH 28, 1942

261

The Near East

AGRICULTURAL MISSION TO
SAUDI ARABIA

[Beleased to the press March 25]

In response to an inquiry by the Government
of Saudi Arabia as to whether the services of
two American experts in irrigation and agri-
cultural matters could be made available, this
Government has organized an Agricultural
Mission to Saudi Arabia. The Mission will
examine and report to the Government of Saudi
Arabia upon the water and agricultural re-
sources of that country and the possibilities of
their development. It will also conduct experi-
mental plantings. The personnel of the Mis-
sion, which has already departed, follows:

Mr. K. S. Twitchell, Chief

Mr. Albert L. Wathen, Acting Chief, Engineering
Brancli, Office of Indian Affairs, United States
Department of tlie Interior

Mr. James G. Hamilton, Regional Agronomist at Albu-
querque, N. Mex., Soil Conservation Service, United
States Department of Agriculture

Mr. Twitchell has had extensive technical ex-
perience in Saudi Arabia. The other members
of the Mission are, as indicated, government ex-
perts familiar with conditions in a section of
this country which are similar to those prevail-
ing in Saudi Arabia.

This Government is pleased to have been able
to respond in this way to the inquiry of the
Saudi Arabian Government.

General

CHURCHILL - ROOSEVELT HIGHWAY IN
TRINIDAD

[Released to the press March 20]

It is announced that the new highway being
constructed in Trinidad, British West Indies,

from Port-of-Spain, the Capital, to Fort Read,
the United States Army base, will be named the
Churchill - Roosevelt Highway.

This important road, as well as many other
projects in the colony, is being built expedi-
tiously and efficiently through the close cooper-
ation of the governments concerned, and such
cooperation is, it is felt, well indicated by the
road's official name.

VERIFICATION OF PASSPORTS OF
AMEIUCAN CITIZENS

No verification of the passport of a citizen of
the United States, or a person who owes alle-
giance to the United States, shall be required for
entry into the continental United States, the
Canal Zone, the Commonwealth of the Philip-
pines, or territories continental or insular sub-
ject to the jurisdiction of the United States
when the person is returning from a foreign
country where he had gone in pursuance of the
provisions of a contract with the War or Navy
Departments on a matter vital to the war effort
and when in possession of a valid passport and
of evidence of having been so engaged, accord-
ing to regulations issued by the Acting Secre-
tary of State on March 17, 1942.2

CONTRIBUTIONS FOR RELIEF IN
BELLIGERENT COUNTRIES

A tabulation of contributions collected and
disbursed during the period September 6, 1939
through February 1942, as shown in the reports
submitted by persons and organizations regis-
tered with the Secretary of State for the solici-
tation and collection of contributions to be used
for relief in belligerent countries, in conformity
with the regulations issued pursuant to section 3
(a) of the act of May 1, 1937 as made effective
by the President's proclamations of September 5,
8, and 10, 1939, and section 8 of the act of No-
vember 4, 1939 as made effective by the Presi-
dent's proclamation of the same date, has been
released by the Department of State in mimeo-

' 7 F.R. 2214.

262

DEPARTMEKT OF STATE BTTLLETIN

graphed form and may be obtained from the
Department upon request (press release of
March 26, 1942, 44 pages).

This tabulation has reference only to contri-
butions solicited and collected for relief in bel-
ligerent countries (France ; Germany ; Poland ;

the United Kingdom, India, Australia, Canada,
New Zealand, and the Union of South Africa;
Norway; Belgium; Luxembourg; the Nether-
lands; Italy; Greece; Yugoslavia; Hungary;
and Bulgaria) or for the relief of refugees
driven out of these countries by the present war.

Cultural Relations

EXHIBITION OF CHILEAN ART
MESSAGE FROM THE ACTING SECRETARY OF STATE '

[Released to the press March 26]

The Exhibition of Contemporary Chilean Art
opening today in the Toledo Museum is a mile-
stone in both the history of American art and
the progress of inter-American friendship. The
very presence in our country of this magnifi-
cently representative collection is heartening, in-
controvertible proof of the validity of that
friendship. Not even the perils and hindrances
of war at sea have prevented the generous ces-
sion to us for a time by the Chilean people, from
the treasure-house of their culture, of the can-
vases, water colors, sculptures, poster designs,
and etchings through which threescore of their
leading artists portray the multiple shapes and
colors of the national life. Viewing this art, we
feel that vision is lengthened and distance is
shortened. These Chilean landscapes, so like
our own West and Midwest in river and moun-
tain and fertile valley, so like Ohio in its harvest
fields and California in its vineyards, cannot
seem very strange to our eyes, nor do we feel un-
familiarity so much as recognition in ai-t's por-
trayal here of a people who have sprung like us
from free American soil and know as we do
democracy's way of life.

" Read for Mr. Welles W Mr. Charles A. Thomson,
Chief of the Division of Cultural Relations, Depart-
ment of State, at the inauguration of the Exhibition
in Toledo, Ohio, on March 25, 1942.

The Department of State is deeply aware of
the importance of art in all its various expres-
sions as an interpreter of one people to another.
For that reason, it encourages not only the inter-
change of visits by creative artists and by stu-
dents of the arts between our country and the
other American republics but also the inter-
change of books and music and sculptures and
pictures. The President of the United States,
proclaiming in 1933 the good-neighbor policy,
emphasized the intention of this country to con-
tribute by ever-widening interchange to mutual
understanding and good-will among the coun-
tries of the Western Hemisphere. Year by year
since that proclamation, we have become in-
creasingly aware of the significance and variety
of the artistic expression in the other American
republics, and they have become better and
better acquainted with ours.

One of the things that this interchange is
showing us is that there is a common basis to
our endeavor. We are all, in our 21 republics,
rooted in American soil where, since the period
of early colonization, our own art and our own
institutions have been developing in our own
democratic lands. Our art as well as our law
codes and our systems of government makes this
manifest. In the pictures and the sculptures
here today, Chile speaks a language that all
Americans understand.

MARCH 28, 1942

263

CERTIFICATION OF EDUCATIONAL FILMS

As a part of its program for improving and
expanding cultural relations with other coun-
tries, the Department of State now undertakes
to certify films of an international educational
character produced in the United States.

An important objective of this program is to
promote through motion pictures a better
mutual understanding of the ways of life of
the peoples of the various countries. Films are
especially effective for this purpose since, to ai
large degree, they cut across language barriers.
An increasing number of films on medicine,
engineering, agriculture, and modern industrial
processes are being made to instruct students
and to record industrial progress. The ex-
change of such films should make an effective
contribution to international intellectual coop-
eration.

It is hoped that attestation by the Depart-
ment as to the educational character thereof
will make it possible for films produced in the
United States to receive the same preferential

customs treatment that has for years been ex-
tended to those produced in countries which are
signatories to the League of Nations Convention
for Facilitating the International Circulation of
Films of an Educational Character, and of the
Buenos Aires Convention Concerning Facilita-
tion for Educational and Publicity Films. The
United States is not a party to either of these
conventions.

In order that a film may receive a certificate
of attestation it must be on a topic of interna-
tional interest, and its purpose must be to in-
struct in respect to established facts, conditions,
and processes. Propaganda, news reels, amuse-
ment films, and films dealing with purely
national issues are not eligible for attestation.

Application for attestation must be accom-
panied by full information concerning the pic-
ture for which certification is sought. A cer-
tificate will be granted only upon request and
only to the person or organization having the
right to reproduce the film.

Treaty Information

Compiled in the Treaty Division

FINANCE

Agreement With China

The following joint statement was issued on
March 21, 1942 by the Secretary of the Treas-
ury, Mr. Henry Morgenthau, Jr., and His Ex-
cellency T. V. Soong, Minister for Foreign
Affairs of the Republic of China :

"The United States and China have today
entered into an Agreement giving effect to the
Act of Congress unanimously passed by the
Senate and House of Representatives authoriz-
ing $500,000,000 of financial aid to China. The
Agreement, approved by the President and by

Greneralissimo Chiang Kai-shek, was signed by
Secretary Morgenthau on behalf of the United
States and by Dr. Soong on behalf of China.

"This financial aid will contribute substan-
tially towards facilitating the great efforts of
the Chinese people and their government to
meet the financial and economic burdens which
have been imposed upon them by almost five
years of continuous attack by Japan.

"This Agreement is a concrete manifestation
of the desire and determination of the United
States, without stint, to aid China in our
common battle for freedom.

264

DEPARTMENT OF STATE BtrLLETDT

"The final determination of the terms upon
which this $500,000,000 financial aid is given to
China, including the benefits to be rendered the
United States in return, is deferred until the
progress of events after the war makes clearer
the final terms and benefits which will be in the
mutual interest of the United States and China
and will promote the establishment of lasting
world peace and security."

The text of the agreement, signed on behalf
of the United States by Mr. Morgenthau, and
on behalf of Cliina by Mr. Soong, follows :

"Whereas, The Governments of the United
States of America and of the Kepublic of China
are engaged, together with other nations and
peoples of like mind, in a cooperative under-
taking against common enemies, to the end of
laying the bases of a just and enduring world
peace securing order under law to themselves
and all nations, and

"Whereas, The United States and Cliina are
signatories to the Declaration of United Nations
of January 1, 1942, which declares that 'Each
government pledges itself to employ its full re-
sources, military or economic, against those
members of the Tripartite Pact and its adlier-
ents with which such government is at war' ; and

"Whereas, the Congress of the United States,
in unanimously passing Public Law No. 442,
approved February 7, 1942, has declared that
financial and economic aid to China will increase
China's ability to oppose the forces of aggres-
sion and that the defense of China is of the
greatest possible importance, and has author-
ized the Secretary of the Treasury of the United
States, with the approval of the President, to
give financial aid to China, and

"Whereas, such financial aid will enable
China to strengthen greatly its war efforts
against the common enemies by helping China
to

" ( 1 ) strengthen its currency, monetary, bank-
ing and economic system ;

"(2) finance and promote increased produc-
tion, acquisition and distribution of necessary
goods ;

"(3) retard the rise of prices, promote sta-
bility of economic relationships, and otherwise
check inflation ;

"(4) prevent hoarding of foods and other
materials ;

"(5) improve means of transportation and
communication ;

"(6) effect further social and economic meas-
ures which promote the welfare of the Cliinese
people ; and

"(7) meet military needs other than those
supplied under the Lend-Lease Act and take
other appropriate measures in its war effort.

"In order to achieve these purposes, the under-
signed, being duly authorized by their respec-
tive Governments for that purpose, have agreed
as follows :

"Article I

"The Secretary of the Treasury of the United
States agrees to establish forthwith on the books
of the United States Treasury a credit in the
name of the Government of the Eepublic of
China in the amount of 500,000,000 U. S. dollars.
The Secretary of the Treasury shall make trans-
fers from this credit, in such amounts and at
such times as the Government of the Republic
of China shall request, through the Minister of
Finance, to an account or accounts in the Fed-
eral Reserve Bank of New York in the name of
the Government of the Republic of China or any
agencies designated by the Minister of Finance.
Such transfers may be requested by and such
accounts at the Federal Reserve Bank of New
York may be drawn upon by the Government of
the Republic of China either directly or through
such persons or agencies as the Minister of
Finance shall authorize.

"Article II

"The final determination of the terms upon
which this financial aid is given, including the
benefits to be rendered the United States in re-
turn, is deferred by the two contracting parties
until the progress of events after the war makes
clearer the final terms and benefits which will
be in the mutual interest of the United States

MARCH 28, 1042

and China and will promote the establishment
of lasting world peace and security. In deter-
mining the final terms and benefits full cog-
nizance shall be given to the desirability of
maintaining a healthy and stable economic and
financial situation in China in the post-war pe-
riod as well as during the war and to the desir-
ability of promoting mutually advantageous
economic and financial relations between the
United States and China and the betterment of
world-wide economic and financial relations.

"Abticu: m

"This Agreement shall take eflfect as from this
day's date.

"Signed and sealed at Washington, District
of Columbia, in duplicate this 21st day of March,
1942."

The text of the joint resolution to authorize
the President of the United States to render
financial aid to China, and for other purposes
( Public Law 442, 77th Cong., 2d sess. ) , approved
February 7, 1942, is printed below :

"Whereas China has for more than four years
valiantly resisted the forces of Japanese
aggression; and
"Whereas financial and economic aid to China
will increase her ability to oppose the forces
of aggression ; and
"Whereas the defense of China is of the great-
est possible importance:
"Therefore be it

^'■Resolved hy the Senate and Rouse of Repre-
sentatives of the United States of America in
Congress assembled, That the Secretary of the
Treasury, with the approval of the President,
is hereby authorized, on behalf of the United
States, to loan or extend credit or give other
financial aid to China in an amount not to exceed
in the aggregate $500,000,000 at such time or
times and upon such terms and conditions as the
Secretary of the Treasury with the approval of
the President shall deem in the interest of the
United States.
"Seo. 2. The authority herein granted shall

265

be in addition to any other authority provided
by law.

"Seo. 3. There is hereby authorized to be
appropriated, out of any money in the Treasury
not otherwise appropriated, such sum or sums
not to exceed $500,000,000 as may be necessary
to carry out the provisions of this joint
resolution."

HEALTH
International Sanitary Convention, 1926
Turkey

The American Embassy at Vichy, France,
transmitted to the Secretary of State with a
despatch dated February 3, 1942, a certified
copy of the proces-verbal of the deposit of the
instrument of ratification by Turkey of the
International Sanitary Convention signed at
Paris June 21, 1926 (Treaty Series 762). A
translation of the proces-verbal is printed
below :

"In execution of the clause of Article 170 of
the International Sanitary Convention signed
at Paris June 21, 1926, His Excellency Behic
Erkin, Ambassador of Turkey in France, ap-
peared today at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs
of the French State and proceeded to the
deposit of the instrument of ratification of His
Excellency Ismet Inonu, President of the Turk-
ish Kepublic, to that international act. This
instrument, which states that the ratification is
made with the reservation of the provisions
stipulated for vessels in transit in the Conven-
tion regarding the regime of the Straits, signed
at Montreux on July 20, 1936, having been
found after examination to be in good and due
form, was delivered to the French Government
for deposit in its archives. In accordance with
the provisions of the Agreement referred to
above, a certified true copy of the said proces-
verbal will be addressed to the contracting
Powers.

"In faith whereof, this proces-verbal has
been drawn up.

"Done at Vichy, January 6, 1942.

F. Darlan
B. Eekin"

266

DEPAETMElSrr OF STATE BTTLLETTN

Articles 1, 2, and 3 of the Convention Regard-
ing the Regime of the Straits, signed at Mon-
treux on July 20, 1936, provide in part as
follows :

"Article 1

"The High Contracting Parties recognise and
aflSrm the principle of freedom of transit and
navigation by sea in the Straits.

"The exercise of this freedom shall henceforth
be regulated by the provisions of the present
Convention.

^'Section I

"merchant vessels

"Article 2

"In time of peace, merchant vessels shall en-
joy complete freedom of transit and navigation
in the Straits, by day and by night, under any
flag and with any kind of cargo, without any
formalities, except as provided in Article 3 be-
low. . . .

"Article 3

"All ships entering the Straits by the Aegean
Sea or by the Black Sea shall stop at a sanitary
station near the entrance to the Straits for the
purposes of the sanitary control prescribed by
Turkish law within the framework of interna-
tional sanitary regulations. This control, in the
case of ships possessing a clean bill of health or
presenting a declaration of health testifying
that they do not fall within the scope of the pro-
visions of the second paragraph of the present
Article, shall be carried out by day and by night
with all possible speed, and the vessels in ques-
tion shall not be required to make any other stop
during their passage through the Straits.

"Vessels which have on board cases of plague,
cholera, yellow fever, exanthematic typhus or
smallpox, or which have had such cases on board
during the previous seven days, and vessels
which have left an infected port within less than
five times twenty-four hours shall stop at the
sanitary stations indicated in the preceding
paragraph in order to embark such sanitary
guards as the Turkish authorities may direct.

No tax or charge shall be levied in respect of
these sanitary guards and they shall be disem-
barked at a sanitary station on departure from
the Straits."

The United States of America is not a party
to this convention.

The countries in respect of which the Inter-
national Sanitary Convention is in force as a
result of ratification or adherence are the United
States of America, Afghanistan, Australia, Bel-
gium (including Belgian Congo and Ruanda-
Urundi), Brazil, Qiile, Czechoslovakia, Free
City of Danzig, Denmark, Egypt, Finland,
France, Germany, Great Britain (including
Bahamas, Basutoland Protectorate, Bermuda,
British Guiana, British Honduras, Brunei,
Ceylon, Cyprus, Ellice and Gilbert Islands,
Falkland Islands, Federated Malay States, Fiji,
Gambia, Gibraltar, Gold Coast, Hong Kong,
Johore, Kedah, Kenya, Kelantan, New Guinea,
North Borneo, Northern Rhodesia, Nigeria,
Nyasaland, Palestine and Trans-Jordan, Papua,
St. Helena, Sarawak, Seychelles, Solomon
Islands, Southern Rhodesia, Sierra Leone,
Straits Settlements, Swaziland, the Sudan,
Tonga, Tanganyika, Trengganu, Trinidad,
Uganda, Weihaiwei, and Zanzibar), Greece,
Hungary, Italy, Iraq, Japan, Mexico, Monaco,
Morocco, Netherlands, Newfoundland, Poland,
Rumania, Spain, Sweden, Tunis, Turkey, Union
of Soviet Socialist Republics, and Yugoslavia.

LEGAL ASSISTANCE

Protocol on Uniformity of Powers of Attorney
Which Are To Be Utilized Abroad

United States

On March 24, 1942, the Senate gave its advice
and consent to the ratification by the President
of the Protocol on Uniformity of Powers of
Attorney Which Are To Be Utilized Abroad,
which was opened for signature at the Pan
American Union on February 17, 1940 and was
signed ad referendum on behalf of the United
States on October 3. 1941.

MAKCH 28, 1942

267

The protocol has been signed by the United
States of America ad referendum; Bolivia ad
refereiidum,; Brazil; Colombia ad referendum;
El Salvador ad referendum; Nicaragua ad ref-
erendum; Panama ad referendum; and Vene-
zuela, •with a modification.

The countries which have deposited instru-
ments of ratification of the protocol are El
Salvador, with a reservation, and Venezuela,
with a modification. Under the terms of article
XII of the protocol it is now effective between
Brazil, El Salvador, and Venezuela.

INDIAN AFFAIRS

Convention Providing for the Creation of an
Inter-American Indian Institute

Nicaragua

By a note dated March 20, 1942 the Mexican
Ambassador at Washington informed the Secre-
tary of State that the instrument of ratification
by Nicaragua of the Convention Providing for

the Creation of an Inter- American Indian Insti-
tute, which was opened for signature at Mexico
City by the American Governments from No-
vember 1 to December 31, 1940, was deposited
with the Mexican Government on March 10,
1942.

Legislation

Amendments to the Act of June 8, 1938, as Amended,
Requiring the Registration of Agents of Foreign Prin-
cipals. S. Rept. 1227, 77th Cong., on S. 2399. 3 pp.

Regulations

Claims Against the United States [for damages occa-
sioned by Army forces in foreign countries]. [Filed
March 25, 1942.] (Army: War Department.) 7
Federal Register 2331.

Publications

Depaetment of State

During the quarter beginning January 1, 1942
the following publications have been released by
the Department : *

1649. Trail Smelter Arbitration Between the United
States and Canada Under Convention of April 15,
1935: Decision of the Tribunal Reported Alarch 11,
1941. Arbitration Series 8. iv, 61 pp. 10«.

1658. Military Mission : Agreement Between the
United States of America and Haiti — Signed May
23, 1941; effective May 23, 1941. Executive Agree-
ment Series 213. 11 pp. 5(^.

1673. Relief From Double Income Tax on Shipping
Profits: Arrangement Between the United States of
America and Panama — Effected by exchanges of
notes signed January 15, February 8, and March 28,
1941. Executive Agreement Series 221. 5 pp. 5<}.

1674. The Department of State Bulletin, vol. V, no. 130,

' Serial numbers which do not appear in this list have
appeared previously or will appear in subsequent lists.

December 20, 1941. 44 pp. 10^."

1675. The Department of State Bulletin, vol. V, no. 131,
December 27, 1941. 51 pp. 10^.

1676. The Department of State Bulletin, vol. VI, no.

132, January 3, 1942. 35 pp. 100.

1677. Diplomatic List, January 1942. ii, 94 pp. Sub-
scription, $1 a year; single copy, 10^.

1678. Additional Temporary Diversion for Power Pur-
poses of Waters of the Niagara River Above the
Falls: Supplementary Arrangement Between the
United States of America and Canada — Effected by
exchanges of notes signed at Washington October 27
and November 27, 1941 ; approved by the President
November 27, 1941. Executive Agreement Series 223.
5 pp. 54.

1679. Publications of the Department of State (a list
cumulative from October 1, 1929). January 1, 1942.
29 pp. Free.

1680. The Department of State Bulletin, vol. VI, no.

133, January 10, 1942. 15 pp. 10(t.

' Subscription, $2.75 a year.

268

DEPAETMENT OF STATE BTJLLETIN

1681. Recommendations of the North American Re-
gional Radio-Engineering Meeting: Arrangement
Between the United States of America, Canada, Cuba,
the Dominican Republic, Haiti, and Mexico — Signed
at Washington January 30, 1942 ; effective March 29,
1941 (Supplemental to North American Regional
Broadcasting Agreement, Habana, 1937). Executive
Agreement Series 227. iv, 52 pp. 10^.

1682. Control of American Citizens and Nationals En-
tering and Leaving Territory Under Jurisdiction of
the United States. December 3, 1941. Passport
Series 4. 7 pp. Free.

1683. Haitian Finances: Supplementary Financial
Agreement Between the United States of America and
Haiti— Signed September 30, 1941. Executive Agree-
ment Series 224. 2 pp. 5^.

1684. Haitian Finances : Agreement Between the United
States of America and Haiti To Replace the Agree-
ment of August 7, 1933, and Exchanges of Notes —
Agreement signed September 13, 1941 ; effective
October 1, 1941. Executive Agreement Series 220.
17 pp. 54.

1685. The Department of State Bulletin, vol. VI, no. 134,
Janu.iry 17, 1942. 21 pp. 10(t.

1680. Foreign Service List, January 1, 1942. Iv, 109 pp.
Subscription 500 a year ; single copy, 150.

1687. Register of the Department of State, November 1,
1941. vili, 283 pp. 400 (paper).

1688. Allocation of Tariff Quota on Crude Petroleum
and Fuel Oil : Proclamation by the President of the
United States of America Issued December 26, 1941
Pursuant to Article VII of the Reciprocal Trade
Agreement Between the United States of America and
Venezuela Signed November 6, 1939. Executive
Agreement Series 226. 5 pp. 50.

1689. The Department of State Bulletin, voL VI, no. 135,
January 24, 1942. 10 pp. 100.

1690. Cooperative Rubber Investigations In Costa Rica :
Agreement Between the United States of America and
Costa Rica,, and Additional Note — Agreement ef-
fected by exchange of notes signed April 19 and June
16, 1941; effective June 16, 1941. Executive Agree-
ment Series 222. 14 pp. 50.

1691. Allocation of Tariff Quota on Heavy Cattle Dur-
ing the Calendar Year 1942: Proclamation by the
President of the United States of America Issued
December 22, 1941 Pursuant to the Reciprocal Trade
Agreement Between the United States of America
and Canada Signed November 16, 1938, and Related
Notes. Executive Agreement Series 225. 7 pp. 50.

1692. The Proclaimed List of Certain Blocked Na-
tionals. Revision I, February 7, 1942, Promulgated
Pursuant to Proclamation 2497 of the President of
July 17, 1941. 163 pp. Free.

1693. The Department of State Bulletin, vol. VI, no.
136, January 31, 1942. 29 pp. 10#.

1694. Joint Committees on Economic Cooperation: Ar-
rangement Between the United States of America
and Canada — Effected by aide-memoire dated March
17 and June 6 and 17, 1941. Executive Agreement
Series 228. 6 pp. 50.

1695. Diplomatic List, February 1942. ii, 94 pp. Sub-
scription, $1 a year ; single copy, 100.

1696. The Department of State Bulletin, vol. VI, no.

137, February 7, 1942. 35 pp. 100.

1697. The Department of State Bulletin, vol. VI, no.

138, February 14, 1942. 10 pp. 100.

1698. The Proclaimed List of Certain Blocked Na-
tionals. Supplement 1, February 28, 1942, to Revi-
sion I of February 7, 1942. 27 pp. Free.

1699. The Department of State Bulletin, vol. VI, no. 139,
February 21, 1942. 19 pp. 100.

1700. The Department of State Bulletin, vol. VI, no. 140,
February 28, 1942. 19 pp. 100.

1701. Diplomatic List, March 1942. 11, 95 pp. Subscrip-
tion, $1 a year ; single copy, 100.

1703. Defense of Iceland by United States Forces:
Agreement Between the United States of America and
Iceland— Effected July 1, 1941; ratified by the Ice-
landic Regent in Council July 10, 1941. Executive
Agreement Series 232. 4 pp. 50.

1704. Exchangeof Official Publications: Agreement Be-
tween the United States of America and El Salva-
dor — Effected by exchange of notes signed Novem-
ber 21 and 27, 1941; effective November 27, 1941.
Executive Agreement Series 230. 4 pp. 50.

1705. Visits in Uniform by Members of Defense Forces:
Arrangement Between the United States of America
and Canada and Exchange of Notes Dated May 17
and 29, 1940 — Arrangement effected by exchange of
notes signed August 28 and September 4, 1941, effec-
tive September 11, 1941. Executive Agreement Series
233. 4 pp. 50.

1708. Reciprocal Trade : Second Supplementary Agree-
ment and Exchange of Notes Between the United
States of America and Cuba — Signed at Habana
December 23, 1941 ; effective January 5, 1942. Execu-
tive Agreement Series 229. 33 pp. 100.

1707. The Department of State Bulletin, vol. VI, no. 141.
March 7, 1942. 25 pp. 100.

1711. The Department of State Bulletin, vol. VI, no. 142,
March 14, 1942. 8 pp. 100.

1712. The Department of State Bulletin, vol. VI, no. 143,
March 21, 1942. 18 pp. 100.

1713. The Proclaimed List of Certain Blocked Nation-
als. Supplement 2, March 27, 1942, to Revision I
of February 7, 1942. 33 pp. Free.

Teeatt Sebieb :

962. North American Regional Broadcasting: Agree-
ment Between the United States of America, Canada,
Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, and Mexico — Signed

MAECH 28, 1042

at Habana December 13, 1937; proclaimed by the
President January 23, 1941. iv, 101 pp. 15^.
970. Inter-American Coffee Agreement : Agreement and
Protocol Between the United States of America
and Other American Republics, and Joint Resolution
Approved April 11, 1941 — Agreement signed at Wash-
ington November 28, 1940 ; agreement and protocol
proclaimed by the President of the United States
April 15, 1941. iv, 53 pp. 10(J.

The Department of State also publishes the
slip laws and Statutes at Large. Laws are
issued in separate series and are numbered in
the order in which they are signed. Treaties
are also issued in a separate series and are num-
bered in the order in which they are proclaimed.
All other publications of the Department since
October 1, 1929, are numbered consecutively in
the order in which they are sent to press, and,
in addition, are subdivided into series accord-
ing to general subject.

To avoid delay, requests for publications of
the Department of State should be addressed
direct to the Superintendent of Documents,
Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C,

269

except in the case of free publications, which
may be obtained from the Department. The
Superintendent of Documents will accept de-
posits against which the cost of publications
ordered may be charged and will notify the
depositor when the deposit is exhausted. The
cost to depositors of a complete set of the pub-
lications of the Department for a year will
probably be somewhat in excess of $15. Orders
may be placed, however, with the Superintend-
ent of Documents for single publications or for
one or more series.

The Superintendent of Documents also has,
for free distribution, the following price lists
which may be of interest : Foreign Relations of
the United States; American History and Bi-
ography; Tariff; Immigration; Alaska and
Hawaii ; Insular Possessions ; Laws ; Conamerce
and Manufactures ; Political Science ; and Maps.
A list of publications of the Bureau of Foreign
and Domestic Commerce may be obtained from
the Department of Conamerce.

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C. — Price, 10 cents - - - - Subscription price, $2.76 a year

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