' ','41
v '' '.'i
■■'> i
DICTIONARY
OF THE
HINDUSTANI LANGUAGE.
DICTIONARY,
HINDUSTANI & ENGLISH:
ACCOMPANIED BY
A REVEESED DICTIONARY,
ENGLISH AND HINDUSTANI.
S^e Sbeconlr IBtrition,
GREATLY ENLARGED, AND MUCH IMPROVED.
By DUNCAN FORBES, LL.D.
PROFESSOR OF ORIBNTAI. LANGUAGES AND LlrEBATUBB IN KING's OOLLBGB, LONDON ;
HEHBER OF THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND.
AND AUTHOR OP SEVERAL WORKS TENDING TO PACILITATB THE ACQUISITION OP THB
HINDUSTANI AND PERSIAN LANGUAGES.
Part I.— HINDUSTANI AND ENGLISH.
LONDON:
Wm. H. ALLEN & CO., 13, WATERLOO PLACE. 8.W
PUBLISHERS TO THE INDIA OFFICE.
1806.
(^^7f?
LONDON :
I'lllNTED 3Y W. n. AliliEN AND CO., 13 '>VATi;EriOO PLACE.
F7
C'Vfiii
vJ
PREFACE.
A Dictionary, Hindustani and English, accompanied by a reverse port, English and
Hindustani, has hitherto been a desideratum in this country. It must be obvious to every one
that the student of a foreign language, desirous of speaking and writing, as well as reading
it, should have not only the words of such foreign language explained in his own, but also
the words of his own tongue rendered into that foreign language ; and that any Dictionary
confined merely to one department is essentially defective.
Thirty years' experience in teaching the HindiistanI language has convinced me that
this deficiency, added to the exorbitant prices charged for HindiistanT Dictionaries, has
greatly impeded learners. I have therefore endeavoured to remove this impediment by com-
piling a Dictionary of the principal colloquial language of India at once copious, portable,
and of a moderate price. These objects have been attained by using a small but clear and
distinct letter-press ; by* employing the Roman character wherever it answered the purpose
better than the Oriental ; and by excluding every thing not practically usefiil. By these
means I have been enabled in the following work to comprise in a single volume, of con-
venient dimensions, both parts of a complete Hindustani and Hindi Dictionary, including,
at the same time, not only more words, but more information really useful to the student,
than will be found in any Dictionary of the language hitherto published.
" It is proper that I should here give a brief account of the sources to which I am
indebted for the materials of this Dictionary, and of the mode in which I have compiled both
its parts. The basis of the first part is the 'Dictionnry, Hindoostanee and Enf/lish,' in
2 vols. 4to., published by William Hunter, M.D., Calcutta, 1S08. Upon this foundation I
have superadded at least fifteen thousand words and phrases from the following sources :
1st. A vast number of useful words, both Urdii and Hindi, from the eccentric, but copiojis
vocabulary appended to Dr. Gilchrist's 'Hindee Moral F^/'eceptor,' 8vo. London, 1821.
2ndly, AM the useful words and phrases occurring in Glad-^-m's ^Dictionary of Mahomedan
Law and Bengal Revenue Terms,^ 4to., Calcutta, 1797. 3rdly, A great number of new
words from * A Glossary of Indian Ternif^' 8vo., Agra, 1845, by H. M. Elliot, Esq.,
Bengal Civi' Service. 4thly, Many Persian and Arabic words (which occur in HindiistanI),
from Professor Johnson's last edition of Richardson's 'JPsvsian and Arabic Dirtionary,*
Dthly, Several thousands of Hindi words from Dr. Adam's 'Hindi Dictionary ^ 2nd edition,
8vo., Calcutta. 6thly, From the Vocabulary accompanying the 'Prem SagaVy 4to., Cal-
cutta, 1825, I have extracted all such words as were not found in Hunter's Diciionary .
ii
PREFACE.
7thly, From ThompBon's ' Hindi and English Dictionary,' royal 8vo., Delhi, 1846, 1 have
culled many pure Hindi or Sanskrit words not to be found in any of the sources above
mentioned. 8thly, I have inserted in their proper places all the words occurring in the
Appendix to the 'Dukhnee Unwari Soheilee,' printed at Madras, 1824 ; also many words
from the ' Qanoon e islam,' by Dr. Herklots, London, 1832. To the materials collected
from all the foregoing sources I have added numerous words, phrases, and significations
that I have met with in the course of my experience in teaching the language."*
In preparing this Second Edition, neither toil nor expense has been spared on the part
of the author and publishers, in order to render it the most complete work of the kind
ever offered to the public. The improvements and enlargements now effected are the
following —
First. All the words contained in the Hindi Dictionaries of Dr. Adam and Mr. Thomson
have, in this edition, been incorporated each in its proper place. By this means the student
is now enabled, for the first time, to read by the aid of one single Dictionary, any production
that may fall in his way, whether Urdu or Hindi.
Secondly. All Sanskrit and Hindi words are given both in the Persian and Devanagari
characters; while words from the Arabic and Persian, together with those peculiar to the
Dakhan, are given in the Persian character only. This enables the student at a glance to
distinguish the words which are purely Indian or Hindu, from those which are Exotic or
Musalman.
Thirdly. I have inserted all the words contained in the Persian text of the Gulistan
of Sa'di, so as to enable the learner, by the aid of my Persian Grammar and this Dictionary
alone, to qualify himself for passing the requisite examination in Persian.
Fourthly. To my friend and quondam pupil, Robert B. M. Binning, Esq., of the
Madras Civil Service, I am indebted for numerous words and phrases peculiar to the
corrupt dialect of the Dakhan, or South India j besides many interesting explanations and
definitions of words purely HindQstanT, that have never before appeared in any Dictionary
of the language. These, when of some length, I have, in justice to Mr. Binning, marked
with his name or initials ; and I feel both pride and pleasure in thus publicly acknowledging
how much I have been benefited by that gentleman's kind and disinterested services. At his
own request an interleaved copy of the first edition was, some years ago, forwarded to him
in India ; and the result has been that the same was in due time returned to me, well filled
with sound and valuable information.
Fifthly. I have also to express my sincere thanks to Dr. Charles Rieu, of the British
Museum, for his able and hearty co-operation throughout, both in preparing the work for the
press, and also in correcting the proof sheets as they were issued in the course of printing.
Dr. Rieu, with a view to improve, or, more correctly speaking, to complete, his knowledge
of the language, has, within the last four or five years, read the following important
works J y\z/mVrdia—\he " AKhlaki Hindi,'' the *' Khirad-Afroz," the " Ouli BakawaR,"
the " Ara,ishi Mahfil," and the " Ikkivanu-s-Sqfa ; ^nd in Hindi — the " Baital Pachm,'*
the " Singhasan Batttsi," and the " J*rem Sagar." He used an interleaved copy of the
first edition of this Dictionary ; and marked down in its proper place every word not already
included in that work, by which means a multitude of words and phrases has been collected
that had hitherto escaped the notice of lexicographers, myself among the number.
* Preface to the First Edition, 1B48.
PKBPACB.
Ul
Lastly. I have to acknowledge my obligations to the valuable work recently published
by Professor H. H. Wilson, Librarian to the East-India Company, &c. &c., entitled
"A Glossary of Judicial and Revenue Terms, and of useful words occurring in Official Docu-
ments relating to the Administration of the Oovernment of British India." From that
work I have here inserted all such words as are Arabic, Persian, Hindiistam, Sanskrit, or
Hindi. Many of them never before appeared in any Dictionary, and a vast number of
others may be met with in Dictionaries that have not attached to them the significations
they bear in official documents. All such significations I have carefully added where thev
were wanted ; and when the explanations were too long for insertion in full, I have referred
the student to Professor Wilson's work for further information.
I have been enabled to save a vast deal of space by making a fi-ee and legitimate use of
the Roman character, according to a fixed system — that of Sir William Jones. The economy
of this plan will be seen at once by a reference to the words ,.^x> I ahkh, " the eye j" J5 d'df
" the heart ;" J^ gul, " a rose," or to the numerous compounds under the particles (3 be,
u na, and ^ S, &c. ; where I have, in one column, given as much matter as the great
quarto Dictionaries furnish in four or five. This has been effected by rejecting the Oriental
type, which has enabled me to use a much smaller Roman type after the first line of every
article. The use of the Roman character in all phrases and compounds, &c. originating
from the leading word, as, for example, under ,^^] ahkh, &c., is just as unerring as if the
Persian and Devanagari characters accompanied it throughout. Every Roman letter has its cor-
responding symbol in either of the Oriental characters ; hence there can be no difficulty or
uncertainty in converting any word written in the former into either of the latter. If the
reader has the least doubt on this score, he hag merely to cast his eye over the following
tables. «
1st. A Table shewing the correspondence of the vowel
Devanagari characters : —
VOWELS.
Persian. Roman. DevanagarL
\ a V
9
\ u •»
T a m
j\ o mt
s^ u "^
9LU ^
e ^
i t
at \
INITIAL
Persian. Roman. Devan&garl
ij*>
L>»
T
»
^0
ail
ab
XL*
as
ok
id
aur
ek
auu
the Persian, Roman, and
NON-INITIAL.
Persian.
Roman.
Devaniigarl.
>v
had
^
u^
din
f^
f
4^
but
Ob
bat
WTW
ys>
so
#
9
tu
\
nau
^
<^
be
^
iT
M
#
%f
hat
1
PREFACB.
Let it be remembered, that in all Oriental words a is to be sounded short, as in " happy,"
" America ;" — t, short, as in " fit," " fin ;" — u, short, as in " put," " push ;" — a, long, as in
*' war," " water ;" — o, long, as in " pole," " mole ;" — u, long, as in " rule ;" — au^ like our ou
in " sound," or the German au in " haus," a house ; — e, like our ea in " bear," or the
French S in de, only longer in quantity ; — ^i, long, as in the words " police," " machine ;"
and — ai, like our i in fire," " fine," or the German ai in " Kaiser," a Caesar or emperor.
The anomalous Sanskrit vowel ^ri is expressed in the Persian character merely by, (re with
a kasra) and in the Roman character by n, sounded as ri in *t rill," " rip," &c. llie Arabic
termination L is represented in the Roman character by a or «, according as its sound is short
or long, *
2ndly, A Table shewing the agreement of the consonants, Persian, Roman, and Deva-
aagari —
CONSONANTS.
Persian. Roman. Devanagari. I Persian. Eoman. DeTanagarl.
(^
b
W
4^
ch
>T
V
P
T|
4^.
ph
US
C^
t
ir
-^
th
^
t
z
^
th
3
ul>
8
«[
c
i
^r
-4^
Jh
»1SL
^
ch
^
-Ar
chh
«
c
h
f
t
kh
^
^
d
^
^•i
dh
V
5*
4
1
^l
dh
1?
^
s
n
J
r
\
r
1
>;•
rh
-^
J
?
w
J
zh
^
O-
s
IR
O^
sh
-^
u^
s
W
1
z
1
^
t
IT
Roman.
Devanagart
^
Z
W
t
»
^ *C.
t
gh
IT
(_-J
f
^
J
h
^
cr
k
?R
4
kh
^
slf
9
T
4
gh
^
J
I
V
r
m
IT
o
.n
^
J
w
^
»
h
V
«/
y
^
The Arabic consonant c is represented in the Roman character by an apostrophe, thus,
i>jO ha^d. This can never lead into error, as the apostrophe is never used (in the Oriental
words) for any other purpose. The symbol hamza of the Persian character is indicai«d by
a similar mark (,) at the bottom of the line, and the imperceptible i h at the end of Persian
words is represented by the short vowel a, as may be seen in the word isAs fa,ida " gain
)r advantage." The nasal sound of the letter ^^ is indicated in the Roman character
PREFACE. V
oy n, and ia Devanagari by the mark * above the letter with which it is connected : thus,
jjUj 7vahan ^t " there ;" LlJj& hanstid itW " to laugh." The terminations an, im un,
denote the Arabic nunation, and the rv denotes the Persian j which in some words is not
sounded, as in Mmah, t\y>-. Lastly, the m indicates the short sound ofj in a few Persian
words, as «5^ khud.
3rd. A Table for converting the Devanagari characters into the corresponding Ft^rsiao
and Roman characters : —
l8t.— INITIAL VOWELS
^
w ^
%
7
■gi
^
^
^
1^.
\
T )
^\
.»
V
J
S^^
^^
y
y
a
a X
i
U
u
ri
e
ai
au
2nd.— CONSONANTS.
5ir
^
n
^
W
^
^
^
i^
5T
?
Z
7
7
<
^
f
^
U
«
-^
C
4?-
li)
ci»
4
n
kh
9
gh
n
ck
ch**
i
iA
n
<
th
(^
dh
V
W
^
^
W
•n
^
• i»
^
)V
^
t
^
UJ
C-J
4>
^
Jbi
ti>
V
•4i
(-->
4?
r
^
J
J
n
t
'^.
d
V,
V.
dh
*
4
kh
b
6A
f
lb
h
m
y
r
i
3rd
—VOWELS FOLLOWING A CONSONANT,
^
^
f^
^
T^
^
<3J
^b
JJO
«V
4.
bad
had
m
M<^
bud
hU
r^
*f
^,
^
^
^
•"i
^
J»o
«>y
■iy
eo
X
hrid
bed
haid
bod
baud
&a
It may be observed, that the Devanagari letter ^ has sometimes the sound of a
cerebral r ; in which .ase it is marked with a dot beneath, thus "jT, and corresponds with
V or J in the Persian character ; as, ^ bara, " great," \j> ; and in like manner g- dh with a
dot beneath becomes ^J- /A, as in ^^ " old age," bljb)^ burhapa. The various nasals of
the Devanagari are represented in the Persian character by the letter j^, which will be
Vi PREPACB.
fonnd sufficient for all useful purposes. The letter ^ is generally represented by ^jl* ; but
gometimes by ^^ ; and the letter ^ is more frequently ^ than ^j*>. The compound ^
is generally represented by ^^ chh or «^ kh, more rarely by ^jij ksh, its proper sound.
The compound ^T is represented by ^^; as, 'ar^ o,gya (ajnd), 1->1 : its real sound is that of
gn in the French words champagne, ligne, &c.
It appears, then, that the Devanagari alphabet may be represented with tolerable
exactness in the Persian character; but the converse does not hold, as the Persi- Arabic
alphabet has fourteen letters which have no exact counterpart in the Devanagari. The plan
adopted in this case is to represent the letters in question by such Nagarl letters as approxi-
mate nearest to them in sound, which in printed books are generally distinguished with a dot
underneath ; thus,
In some printed books, for instance in Dr. Gilchrist's " Hindee Story-teller,*' an attempt
has been made to form distinct Devanagari letters for the various forms of the Persian and
Arabic z, which, it will be observed, are all represented by W ; but in reality the object is
not worth the labour. In the first place, the Hindus, who alone use the Devanagari
character, are sparing in the use of Persian or Arabic words, to one or other of which the
various forms of the letter z belong; and secondly, such words as they have in the course of
centuries adopted have become naturalized, or rather corrupted, so as to suit the elements of
the Nagarl ; thus, j_j|^l>- is generally written and sounded ^iPsfO" hajiri. The letter c
is generally represented in Nagari by employing the vowel with which it is connected, in the
O C C f
initial form, with a dot under it : as, 6jO W^ ha'd ; JS' 3[^ 'Urn ; j^ "T^ *umr. This
method is sufficient for practical use; but it is by no means satisfactory, as maybe seen in the
monosyllable t(^, which in Persian and Arabic is sounded ba'd (the a uttered from the
bottom of the throat) ; but according to the rules of the Devanagari alphabet it makes baud.
In fact, the Hindus seem to view the letter c as a vowel, and not as a consonant, which it
really is.
In the compilation of the Second Part, my principal authority is Dr. Gilchrist's
" Dictionari/y English and Hindoostanee," 2 vols. 4to. with Appendices, Calcutta, 1798,
reprinted, &c. Edinburgh, 1810, in one volume, 4to. The merits of this work have been
amply appreciated by HindiistanI scholars for more than half a century. The first orientalist
of the present day speaks of it as " a work of great merit and labour : the collection of
HindiistanI synonyma for every word is singularly full, and peculiarly adapted to a language
which, varying in the use of words though not in structure, in every province abounds with
synonymous terms, each of local and restricted employment. The whole (edition 1810) is in
the Roman character, a singularity in its compilation which alone is indicative of no ordinary
industry and perseverance." Such being the case, I have, as a general rule, availed myself of
all the words occurring in Dr. Gilchrist's Dictionary, subject, however, to a strict course of
correction. In Dr. Gilchrist's early days, the HindiistanI language was in a manner
unformed, and its orthography imsettled : hence, in a multitude of words he gives the long
H (oo) instead of the short u, and vice versA. I have throughout endeavoured to follow as
r REPACK. Vll
my guides on this head the standard writers of the language, such as Mir Amman, in the
'^ Bagh oBahar;" Ikram 'All, in the " I khrvanu-s-saf a" &cc. kc. To the very copious
collection furnished by Dr. Gilchrist, I have added several thousands of Persian and Arabic
words (known to be used in Urdu) from the "Dictionary, Englvih, Persian, and Arabic,"
by Dr. Wilkins, London, 1810, 4to. From Adam's " Dictionary, English and Hinduwee,"
I have extracted many pure Hindi words which escaped the notice of Dr. Gilchrist. I have
also found many useful words and phrases in the "Dictionary, English, BangaH, and Hin-
dustani," of P. S. D'Rozario, Calcutta, 1837, 8vo. Lastly, I have added numerous
synonymous and expressive words and phrases which my. own experience has supplied.
It will probably be thought that the Second Part of this Dictionary errs on the side of
excess ; but I have deemed it the safer course to run the risk of inserting a superfluous or
even a vulgar word, rather than omit one that could by possibility occur in writing or
conversation. It must be recollected that the Hindiistani is, in more senses than one, a
vulgar tongue, and that it abounds in a class of words, for the eschewing of which the great
Dr. Johnson is said to have been once complimented by some elderly lady, to whom the
polite lexicographer replied, " Yes, Madam, I have omitted all such words, but I find that
you have been looking for them."
In Part First, compound words are generally to be found under the first or leading
member of the compound ; at the same time, it is proper to observe that the Hindiistani
language is capable of admitting or forming thousands of compounds not to be found in any
dictionary: hence, the learner should bear in mind the more general rules of composition, as
laid down in any good grammar of the language. The same remark applies with regard to
the rules for derivation, particularly those relating to the formation of causal verbs and
abstract nouns.
The few contractions used throughout the work ai'e the following : The letters a, p, s, at
the end of many definitions, denote that the word is fi-om the Arabic, Persian, or Sanskrit
respectively ; the letter h distinguishes such words as are aboriginal or purely Indian j
and d such as are peculiar to the Deccan (dakhan) : the few words marked t and g are of
Tartarian and Greek origin respectively. The other contractions are, m. denoting the
masculine gender ; f. feminine ; a. an active or transitive verb ; and n. a verb neuter. The
letter v. imports vide, and pi. the plural number.
In Part Second, and occasionally in Part First, the following contractions are used in
the formation of compound verbs : k, for karna (or the Persian kardan), " to make ;"
h, for hona, "to be, to become;" j, for jana, " to go, to bej" r, for raknna, " to keep, to
have ;" d, for dena, " to give j" /, for lena, " to take j" d, for dalnd, " to throw;" and h, for
bandhna, " to bind." These, with the exception of the first two, are chiefly used in the
formation of intensives, and consequently they have then laid aside their own primitive
signification. As a general rule, compound words have their parts or members separated by
a hyphen, thus, diUnishin, tan-durust, sar-gardan, &c. Such compounds, when transferred
into the Oriental characters, are optionally written entire as one word, or distinct as two.
The short i, denoting the Persian izqfat, is indifferently written either as the last letter oi
the governing word, or separately between the two words, as dardi sar or dard t sar, the
sense being abundantly obvious either way, as no Persian word ends in the short i except
it be in a state of construction with the substantive or adjective following.
I have avoided cross references, which are very embarrassing to the learner, retaining
only those in which tne word referred to is either close at hand, or is attended by a long
explanation which it would be needless to repeat.
Tiii r{iM?AC8.
Some jfood-natured friends have occasionally expressed to me their regr^^i that the
Second Part of the work had not been given in the Persian character. Had H been so, I
must either, in the first place, have added the pronunciation in Roman characters to each
word (otherwise the work would be utterly useless), and this would have increased its size to
at least six times what it now is ; or, in the second place, omitting the Roman character, I
must have given all the vowel marks and other orthographical symbols, which would have
extended it to at least ten times its actual bulk, without possessing one single advantage over
what it now has.*
In conclusion, I have only to add, thai amidst sucn a mass of small letters, it will not
seem surprising that an occasional error of the press should occur. I trust, however, that
the number of such errors is small ; and I am confident that the generous, the learned, and
the experienced (and it is only their good opinion I am ambitious to obtain) will not deny
me their kind indulgence.
* Two lines of even the smallest Oriental types in this country would occupy at least as much space as
five lines of the Roman character used in Part II. of thia work. If the vowel-pcints, &c. be used, the
spaces between the lines must be nearly doubled : hence the truth of the above remark will be obvious to thoM
at all conversant with Oriental typojjraphy.
DUNCAN FOrtBSS
58, BUUTON i'BBSCl'JIT,
JanuarVj l.yft'.
»-^-^
Jt?"
iVsHViRzifr]
a/^
A DICTIONARY,
HINDUSTANI AND ENGLISH.
\
\ alif, the first letter of the Arabic alphabet ;
in numeration it counts one. ^ a or a-kdra, the
first elementary sound in the Sanskrit alphabet;
»t is a name of God, or Vishnu. As an inseparable
Oiirticle prefixed to a word, it signifies negation or pri-
vation; as, a-dharm, injustice, or irreligion, from
dharm, justice, &c. It is akin to the alpha privatimm
of the Greek, the wj of the Latin, or the un of the Ger-
man and English. As in Greek, it becomes an before
a vowel, as an-anta, endless, or without end.
<— -Ji ys^ ah, now, presently, just now, a lit-
tle while ago ; by adding ka, ke, hi, it forms an ad-
jective, as ah-ka zamdn&, the present time. h.
v-Ji 3^ ih, thus, as, in like manner, s.
^mJ\ ah (contract, from ^\), a father. In
Hindustani, the plural is of most frequent occur-
rence, as in aha o ajdad, fathers and grandfathera,
ancestors, a.
<— ->! ah, m. water, splendour, elegance, dig-
nity, lustre (in gems), temper (of steel, 8tc.), edge
sharpness (of a sword, &c.). The word db in Persian
is used in a great many metaphoric and idiomatic
expressions, p.
ui ihd, m. denial ; iba-k, to refuse, deny. a.
bl aba, fathers (pi. of t-^^ or ^\, q. v.). a.
ahaJbilf m, a swallow, a.
•\i\ ibahatff. permitting, giving liberty, a.
d\>\ abaci, cultivated, peopled, pleasant; full
of buildings and inhabitants; used in composition in
the sense of city or ville, as akhar-abdd, the city of
Akbar, or (as the Americans woiild say) Akbar-ville,
the city of Agra. p.
^^\iib! abadan, synonymous with abad. p.
jiUb t ahadam, f. a habitation, a cultivated,
" populous, pleasant place ; population, cultivation,
abundance. In Hindustani it is seldom used except
in poetry, abddl being the common expression, p.
,^J^ <ibl abad-beshi, f. first assessment of
" newly-settled or cultivated land. p.
jOiibt abad-har, the original or first settler
on waste land. p.
bjS «ibl abad karnd, a. to build, cultivate,
make a place habitable and populous, p.
\jbd\j\ ^T^TOT dbadhd, f. segment of the base
of a triangle. «.
j_5'4ib! dbddi, synonymous with dhdddnt. p.
J^^^
b,b3 ^r^Trnn ubdmd, a. to set at liberty. *.
bjbi <3<sii<fiT ubd?-nd,a. to keep in reserve, h.
(-dJb\ ^^TT?F a-bdh, dumb, speechless, s.
USb\ 4'<4leiiill ubdknd, a. to vomit, reject. //,.
U)b\ ^^^^ ubdlnd, a. to boil, to n.ake
^oi\. h. [sian year. p.
^^bl dhdn, m. the eighth month of the Per-
bb\ T^TfTT uhmid, a. to sow, to plant, h.
^J\i^ dbd,i, belonging to or descending from
one's ancestors, paternal, a.
[Jy^ t^' db i hdrdn, m. rain-water, p.
(^b L-.>l db-bdzi, f. play or sport in water;
swimming, p.
juuo L»^t dhi ba^ta, m. ice, glass, p.
<.ibu^\ ^rftl^ a-bibek, m. want of discri-
mination ; abibekt, indiscreet ; abibekata, folly, t.
j_^b L-j\ db-pdshu f. sprinkling water on
•• fields, &c. p.
^^\ db-tdb,f. splendour; also 06 o<a&. p,
L-XIJ^ ab-tab, presently ; ab-tab h. to be in a
dying state, to be all over with one. h.
ioblJt dbtdha, m. an ewer; generally written
dftaba, and sometimes aftdwa. p.
SsiA ibtidd, f. beginning, commencement,
exordium, a.
%\iiJj\ ibtidd,an, in the beginning, at first, in
the first place, a.
J^ik^\ ihtizdl, m. vileness, meanness, servi-
tude ; carelessness in preserving any thing, a.
J)>y\ abtar, worthless, spoiled, wanton, dis-
solute ; dbtarl, worthlessness. a.
j»L«Jo\ ibtisdm, m. cheerfulness, a smile, a.
i.dlX)\ ab-tak, ,.,, , .,,
,,,' . till now, hitherto, yet, up
i.^^^\ ab-talak, , ,^ » f » ^
^ ' I to the present time, as
iZJXjy] ab-talaq, f ^ .,, . . ^ .
•^ yet, still, notwithstand-
/c.Joi db-tori, . ,
{jjyiS\ ab-tofi, J
*:k^\ ibtild, m. suffering, misfortune, a.
-N-
( 2 )
y'
^V^^ ibtihaj, m. gladness, alacrity, cheer-
'^ fulness. . o.
/jAJO^ ^PTfl^ ab-ta,tn,t\W now, till this time. h.
ijO\ ^!R^ ab-ten, from tliis time, hence. A.
/^^ 7^7»T nbtan, m. a detergent substance
for rubbing on the body; a cosmetic: &\bo ubaf, or
ubfi, or ubfand, same as u/)ton, q: v. h.
Ujb\ ubatna, a. to rub on the body the cos-
metic uhtan or ti^fan. h.
jjf\ ^^ afeja, m. the nymphaea or lotus;
^ the moon; a conch; a species of tree. «.
f^\»-L^\abi-jari, m. running water, a stream,
"rivulet, tears flowing, p. a.
^^ abjad, m. the alphabet ; a mode of reck-
oning numbers by the letters of the alphabet ; the first
letter counting one, the second two, &c., according to
their ancient arrangement. — Vide Persian Grammar,
p. 23, or Hindustani Grammar, p. 20. a.
^^«s»-tio*i\ abjad-hhrvan, m. one who is learn-
ing his alphabet, a. p.
yfA ab-jo, f. a rivulet or streamlet, p.
^JS:,y>■L^\ ab-josh, m. gravy, soup. p.
^j^ i,-->T dbijo,e, f.the water of a rivulet, p.
^\ '«pni a-&acA, that which has not escaped, h.
,W1 ^STf^T^TR a-bichar, m. want of conside-
J v ...
ration, injustice, s.
i^^l a-bicharl, m, a-bicliarin, f. an unjust
"man or woman, or a man or woman destitute of consi-
deration or reflection, s.
\>\ity>- t-.>T ab-charhana, a. to whet or polish
one's sword, &c. p. h. [tears, p.
^^f> L-.»T abi chashm, m. water of the eye,
^i.rvt-->l db-chasht, f. giving drink to a child
••for' the first time (generally about six months of age)
preparatory to weaning him. p.
J^\ wPt^^ a-bichal, motionless, unmoved,
unshaken, resolute, firm. «.
);^^ ^f^W^ ahchkara, f. a female dancer
in the court of Indra; eieoapchhara and apsara, q.v. *
dbi hai'dm, forbidden water, i.e.
'wine ; insincere or hypocritical tears, p. a.
C*>««>- I— ->T dbi hasrat, m. water of desire,
wish, appetite, longing, p. a. [immortality, p. a.
OL»- (— ->T dbi haydt, m. the water of life,
i^y^ ^-'T dbi hairvdn, m. water of life ; a
fabulous fountain so called, p. a.
to\S>. «_^T db-M.dna, ra. a repository of water,
a reservoir; a cellar, p. [lations. o.
ij^} abhhira (pi. of jU{), m. vapours, exha-
^_^'^— ?» . u-»T db-khast, a water melon or cu-
cumber, p.
jj^ t-->T dbi hhizTf water of immortality ;
inspired knowledge, p. m.
jjjtf^ abkhal, very or more avaricious, a.
j^ j_^T ab-Khufi \ ro. victuals, food and
dj^ c-.>T db-Mkurd,) drink j fortune, p.
fl^
5 ji- «^T db-hhura, m. a narrow-mouthed
vessel for drinking out of. a cup for drinking water, p.
liyA abad, m. eternity, without end. a.
\Si\ abadan, eternally, for ever ; never, a.
j^iii— ^T db-ddr, ra. the person intrusted with
the charge of water for drinking, adj . polished, of a
good water (as gems), well tempered (as steel), p.
,JU-jUl_^ 1 db-ddr-khdna, m. a repository of
drinking-water, p.
f^.\s>\ db-ddrl, f. sharpness (of a sword, &c.);
polish (of gems); office of aftrfar. p.
f)i^\ ibdd\ m. the production of something
new. a. [one thing for another, a.
JW^ ibddl, m. change, exchange, substituting
J^iiJ^ abddl, m. a religious person, devotee,
enthusiast, abdali, of or relating to a devotee; an
epithet assumed by Al^mad, the founder of the late
Afghan dynasty, a. \ab o ddna. p.
^\dL^ \ db-ddna, m. food and drink : also
^..■.».Ni jT ab-dast, m. washing the hands
(particularly after any unclean action), p.
,^^ti3ii(-->T dbi danddn, m. sharpness and po-
lish of the teeth ; debility, p.
^i^\ W«ro a-badh, sacred, inviolable, s.
JfciV^ ^^V or'SRfe a-budh or a-buddhi, stu-
pid. Ignorant ; also s. I. ignorance. «.
\^^] '«RVT abdhd, f. a segment of the base
of a triangle, s. [intelligent. •
j«.l»J6iiJ^ '*41<4r^HR a-buddhimdn, stupid, un-
OytiV^ ^RVff abdhut, m. a kind of fahtr
or devotee. This class are worshippers of Shiv«.
fem. abdhutni. s. [not to be slain, inviolable. ».
L^iV^ ^(^vci a-badhya, not deserving death,
^i^\ abadi, eternal, without end. a.
btJJ^ wfWT a-bidyd, f. ignorance. $.
13«J6 SiiJ-.tij) db-dida hond, to shed tears, p.h.
ji\ abr, m. a cloud, abri siydh, a black cloud.
' abri ^fiafij?, a thick cloud, dbri asur, a cloud without
j^\ ^nr abar, now, at present, h. '■""° ^"
L)\ "«nro abrd, m. the outer fold of a double
garment ; distinguished from astar, the lining. "Writ-
ten also abrd, q. v. h.
j\j>\ abrdr (pi. of J^), just men, holy, pious,
dutiful (to parents), ibrar, victory superiority, a.
\ji\S\ ubrdnd, a. to keep in reserve, (same as
ubama). h.
^^ji^ Ibrdhlm, the patriarch Abraham.
' Ibrahim Adham, name of a pious sovereign that for-
merly reigned at Balih- *
dji\ abrad, colder, most or very cold. a.
i^jojiS abras, leprous, a.
J j\ abrah or d^j>\ abrah, m. talc, mica. a.
Xij>\ ■5RT*n ubarnd, n. to be kept in reserve,
to remain over. h.
y'
( 3 )
j^^
.^j>y ahranjan, )a bracelet, an ankle orna-
i^s2\j^ abranjtn,) ment of gold or silver, p.
<fj>\ abru, f. the eye-brow, ahru par girih
mariii, a. to frown, p.
»j> I ahru, f. honour, character, renown, ele-
gance ; the name of a poet, abru-utdrna, a. to disho-
nour, disgrace, dbru-bar-hdd-dend, a. to lose one's
own character, or destroy that of another, dbru-deni,
a. to bestow honour or reputation on any one, or to
surrender or lose one's own. dbru-rezy a calumniator.
dbru-rezt, f. slander, calumny, dbru-karnl, a. to treat
with respect, dbru-lenl, a. to take away one's cha-
racter or reputation, p.
(j^^yl ab-raman, m. a very fine kind of mus-
lin or gauze, which when spread out on the grass is
said to have been scarcely visible. The art of manu-
facturing this stuflF is now lost. p.
Ji(hjj>\a-bi7'odhy m. quietness, tranquillity, s.
j^^iSj.^^ ^f^rdfv»rt a-&tVoc^/im,"l quiet,tran-
jJ^i^jyi,^ ^^Ttvt a-birodhi, J quil. s.
iji\ abra, m. the outside of a garment; same
as abrd. p. [jewels, Sic s.
^^^1 abarhan (vide i^j^\), no- ornaments,
(jf^3 cibri, clouded, variegated, cr&ri kaghaz,
"a kind of thick and shining paper clouded, (from
Caahmir). p.
y>.y\ ab-rez, a pot for sprinkling water, such
as a gardener's ; used also in baths for pouring water
over the body. p. [ing silk. p.
j^^ji\ abresham (also ahresham), m. sew-
^^^j\ abreskmt, silken, made of silk. p.
/i>V^ ibrik, m. an ewer, a water-pot. a.
jXl»dv\abar-dhabar, coarBe,ro\igh,common. k.
jju-.>' abi-zar, water of gold; white wine. p.
J^j U->1 abi zulal, m. pure limpid water, p.a.
(j»*^.^ 'JW ('■-b(^s, powerless, without choice, s.
Jl«o! absdl, m. a vineyard, a garden, p.
euLol abista, pregnant (a woman), with
young (an animal), new-bom (a child). The forms
dbUt, abistan, and dbistan are given in Gilchrist, p.
^sl-*^t abistagi, also abistani, &c. f. preg-
- nancy, p. . [clothes, s.
i^j***>\ ^^44 «f a-basan, naked, without
^»y*^^^ ^r^UH a-bisan, without desire, in-
different, s.
U-«j\ ■3'^^'IT ubasna, n. to rot, putrefy, h.
(^jt»\y^\ SH(V*(^ra or ^f^igre a-biswas, m.
want of confidence, distrustfulness. s. [trustful, s.
i^*»\y»,^\ a-bmvasi,abiswasin, a6iswasm,dis-
uU*o\ ubsana, a. to cause to rot. h.
^^ ' ' j-from this time. h.
^A*» I— ->i ab-se, J
j^ti [g*^^ ab-se dur, is an expression of those
whor after describing a past misfortune, pray to be
preserved from a repetition of it ; q. d. Far be it
from us ! h. p.
j\^\ ab-shar, m. f. a waterfall, cascade, ca-
taract, p.
(j*»Um» (— -^ I db-shinas, the lead-man, or per-
son who takes the soundings in a ship, a pilot, p.
j^f^\ aZ>isAor,m. brackish or salt water, p.
ij^ t-->t db-shora or dbi-shora, m. water
cooled artificially by means of a solution of salt-
petre ; iced sherbet, p.
y^Z^\ dbshold (Dakh.), same as abshora. p,
{^Jujio\ a-bisheh or udiji^x^^ abikhel, m.
sprinkling-water, which the Hindus (after pronouncing
certain prayers over it) use for cleansing their per-
sons, and other utensils used In sacrifice, noh: water ;
accession to a throne, inauguration, v. abhishek. s.
\iai\ absdr (pi. of^Aa^), views, looks; per-
ception, understanding, a.
^jUa^l ibtdl, m. abolition, act of drstroying
or annihilating, refuting, a. [vain, &c. a.
JJoJ^ abtal, comp. more vain or fruitless, very
d\jo\ ab'dd (pi. of i^), distances, divarica-
tions, a.
Sjo\ ab'ad, more distant, very far. O. r^jJe. p.a.
OJLP u-M dbi ^ashrat, wine, semen geni-
IH.>J ibhd, m. confirmation, establishment, pre-
servation, rendering permanent, a.
^\ ab-kd, ab-ke, and ab-kl, of or belonging
to the present time, &om ab. h.
j6<>\ dh-kdr, ra. a distiller (particularly of
spirituous liquors) ; a water-carrier, a sprinkler ; a
wine-merchant,or seller of spirituous liquors ; a drinker
of wine. p.
(Cj\^1 db-hdri, f. the business of a distiller;
revenue derived from a duty levied on distilleries,
also oit houses for the sale of spirituous liquors,
eating-houses, houses of entertainment, &c.
U\x>3 9^«I«r<iTI ubkdndf a. to cause one to
vomit, h. [u^K- ^
^\^\ ^^oFT^ vbkdfh f. the act of vomit-
d^io^^f^^ a-bikt, hidden, unintelligible, g.
d^ CLm^\ ^fw^prfinnf a-blkt ganit, f.
arithmetic of unknown quantities ; algebra. «.
/j£i u-^t db-kash, a drawer of water; 56-
kaslii, act of drawing or carrying water, p.
Uio^ Tfcifrn ubaknd, n. to vomit, h.
jSji (— .>! dbi-kausar, m. nectar, p. a.
^JLxx}\ '^'^%^f{ abkesht, without fruit,
" barren (tree), s.
y^\ db-guzdr, a ford, a ferry; an express, p,
jiSJ^I db-guzar, acanal or channel for water, p.
4,S^m^\ dbigarm, warm water, a hot-bath. p.
CLJm^ lJ\ dbi gosht, soup, gravy, broth, p.
Jb^ L-->t dbi gohar, water of pearls, pure
limpid water, p.
ji^ L^\ ab-gir, a receptacle for water, a
pool, pond, ditch ; a weaver's brush, p.
b2
iilbT
( 4 )
^^
«jjJ^T abglna, m. a mirror, looking-glass,
a drinking-glass ; wine; a diamond, p.
J^^ ^r»r^ a-bal, weak, without strength or
power s.
^^ ^RqH a-bala, f. weak, powerless; a
■woman, s.
Lj^LjI VH-UcjMil l a-halapa, m. weakness,
frailty. «. [to arrive, a.
^^\ iblagh, vn. conveying, sending, causing
0^1 ^^T^STTT uhlana, a. to cause to boil,
(by the iiands of another) ; to boil any thing so as to
be fit to eat ; to coolc. h. [lity. «.
t/^3 ^ ' ^g 'l l a-bala,l, f. weakness, debi-
'J^\ ablali, piebald, black and white, party-
coloured, a. [starling, a.
lEb\ ablaJidy m. a bird of the maina kind, a
u-.*J^^ ^srf^oSir a-bilamb, m. quickness, di-
ligence, s. «»
Ub\ T^^fH M&flZna,n. to boil or bubble up. h.
-.^jT abluj (also abluch), sugar-candy, p.
»b! abila, m. a blister, p. [pox, a bubo. p.
tiXy -^iJ^T abUa,i farang, m. the French
&b\ ablah, foolish, silly, ignorant, bashful, a.
ig^\ ablahi, f. folly, silliness, a.
^\ WTqS'^ abati, f. a row, a range, a con-
" tinuous line. s.
^^\ m4(j5t a-baU, weak, powerless. «.
^jrtjkb^ iblis, the devil, Satan, a.
^^^ ihn, m. a son, a child; ibnu-s-sabtl, a son
of the road, a traveller; ibnu-l-gharax, a selfish per-
son ; ibnu-l-gtaib, one of whom little is known, a
parvenu, a.
\x>\ alma, (pi. of ^^^)8on8; people; tribes, a.
(^jn\^\ 'Hi^yim a-binds, m. safety, s.
^j*\JL>3 a-bindsif safe, entire, free from loss. s.
I," j-'i.W ^\ ibn-ul-rvaht^ a time-server, a.
iujj>>- ^y^\ abna,i jins, pi. companions, com-
rades, equals; those of the same rank, quality, or
species, n. ahna,e ilahr, or abna,e rozgar, sons of the
time, contemporaries, a. p.
.JJj3 ^f^^ a-bindu, without point or dot. s.
jJu L-^1 dbi nukrot m. quicksilver, p. a.
(^jt*y^\ dbnus, m, ebony. p»
^i*>yol dbnusi, made of ebony, p.
^\ ^TT^ abrii, f. the earth, world, s.
O L— > I db-nai, m. the straight tube of a
" Jfukha, on which the chillam is fixed, p.
\}\ ^B[f^f[^^ a-binai, m. wantonness, pert-
nefls. (. [tulant. «.
<Jl,AjJj\ wfwWt?! (i-binit, wanton, pert, pe-
yi\ abu, m. father; the word is frequently
used as the first member of a man's name or epithet,
thus, abu-l-hashar, the father of the human race, Adam.
abu-bakr, the father-in-law and first successor to Mu-
hammad, abu-turab, 'Ali, the son-in-law of Muham-
mad, abu-l-fazl, the name of the secretary to the
Emperor Akbar, abu-jalil, the name of an uncle of
Muhammad, noted for his stubbornness, abu huraira,
one of the companions of Muhammad, ahu-'ali sina,
a celebrated sage and physician, commonly known in
Christendom as Avicenna. abu -fawdrls, the ass, lit.
the father of horsemen, abu-bakr, the name of an
atabak prince to whom Sa'di dedicated his Gulistan.
abu-nasr, the name of the minister of the last men-
tioned prince, a.
u-->|y\ abrvdb (pi. of <— -'^), doors, gates,
chapters, sections ; in the revenue language of India
the word means almost any kind of cesses, imposts,
and charges levied by the officials of government, a.
,^^^ W^*K. a-bujh, stupid, without under-
standing, s. [comprehensible, h.
\^^\ ^R>fRj a-bujkd, not understood, in-
>L>y\ "^r^t^J a-bodh, m. ignorance, stupidity,
adj. ignorant, stupid; puzzled, perplexed. *.
sj...^d^\ ^^Tl^JTW? a-bodh-gamyat^wcom-
»jSjbi^^\ ^niVyifhj a-bodhariiya, J pre-
hensible, unintelligible, t.
Jy^ ^r^t^ a-bol, silent, h. [to Bilence. *.
*^^\ IWl^ a-bold, disposed or accustomed
e6U J L^ db ddna, water and grain, food
and drink, p. [mate. p. a,
\^j L-->t db hawd, f. atmosphere, air, cli-
^\ ^ifif ahhi, a particle denoting priority
in time or place, prefixed to Sanskrit words, t.
^\ ^ ibh or ibha, m. an elephant, ibha-
pdlak, the keeper of an elephant, s.
l^T WWT dbhd, f. light, splendour, beauty, s.
j[^\ ^WnC a-bhdr, light, of little weight, s.
j\^\ "WVtK ubhdr, m. swelling, tumefaction,
plumpness, h.
\!>j^^\ 3>?TlC«n ubhdmd, a. to raise up, to
excite, to persuade, to plump up. h. [steal. A,
UvIaj^ '5W?»n ubhdmd, a. to take away, to
^j*)l^j| ^>TW dhhds, "1m. a preface, a
(^l^T ^THTt? dbhdsh, J preamble, an in-
troduction, &c. s. [misfortune, ill-luck. *.
fJj'\Ai\ '3T>nT a-bhdg, also a-bhdgya, ra.
\^Iaj\ ^wn a-bhdgd, also a-hhaginx and
a-bhagt, unfortunate, destitute. «.
JV^\ ^SPHV^ abhdl, m. a cloud, h.
jX^\ ibhdm, m. the thumb; suspicion, am-
biguity ; covered, concealed, unknown, a.
\j[±>\ ^V(T^ ubhdnd, n. to alarm, disturb, h.
m\^\ ^vtm a-bhd,o, m. absence, non-exist-
ence, want ; as in this proverb, raja keghar men, kua
motiyoA ka abha.o'i Is there a want of pearls in tn«
r^Ja^ house? ».
^^
c
)
c3^
<iU^^ ^fM«ll< abhihad, m. act of kissing
the feet or of worshipping, an obeisance ; also an in-
sult, s. [as abhihad. s.
j^(iU^\ ^rfifTT^, ahhibadan, m. the same
C^^^gi^S ^1>T)rrr ahhibhuta, subdued, do-
mineered over. s.
{j\^^ ^rfinrni ahkipray, m. sentiment, in-
tention, opinion, design, wish, purpose ; the main pur-
port of a book, &c. s.
(JIasco^' saPHHilff abhijit, m. the 21st nak-
shatra, or lunar asterism ; the 8th muhurt, or division
of the day. s. [spell causing death or disease, s.
^\*»- wfrpfT^ ahhichar, ra. a charm or
^V4>i\^\ ^!r5iVT*T ahhidhan, m. a dictionary.
Strictly speaking, it denotes a list of the substantives
of the Sanskrit language, such as the " Amara Ko-
sha," &c. s.
j^\ "Wi abhra, m. the sky, a cloud, s.
^j^^ ^HTT ubhrd, unladen (as a cart or
boat), h. [till it run over. h.
IS|^\ 7>T^RT ubhrana, a. to fill a vessel
«-iJ^\ ^W^ abhrak, m. talc, mica. s.
iSa^^ abhrahi, made of talc or mica. s.
^j^>^ ^M^ a-hharam, without respect, s.
i^j^\ ^IH<,*f dbharan, m. jewels, orna-
ments, decoration ; also abharan, vnth the initial vowel
short, s.
Oj^\ "^VRyn ubharna, n. to ovei-flow. h.
(j-^l '3rT*TO dbhas, little, few. s.
9jV,*^\ Wf»TWr<ohT abhisdrikd, also abhi-
tart and abhisdrini, f. (a woman) going to an assigna-
tion with her lover, a lewd woman. «.
tJl^C'''.(^>\ ^ff^^^ abhishikta, installed, bap-
tized, anointed to office, enthroned, s.
L^xJL^A ^pHtfoh' abhishek, ra. bathing,
anointing, royal unction ; a religpious ceremony con-
sisting in sprinkling a person with the water of the
Ganges, s.
til^\ 7>W ubhah, m. a bear. h.
C*Jh^^ ^vrf^ a-bhakti, f. disregard, want
of desire, indifference, unbelief. «.
^^l»:3r^>\ a-bhaktimdn, unbelieving, indiffe-
rent to. s.
(^^y^^ ^ftf^r? abhildsh,m. and abhildshd,
f. wish, desire ; (generally vnitten abhildkh). $.
fJ**'^^\ wP^IcjMmI abhildshl, wishing, de-
" siring, longing for. t, (sire, s,
^^k^^ abhildkh or abhildkhd, m. wish, de-
^^l»^\ ^r^lHTH abhimdn, m. pride, haugh-
tiness, self-conceit, s.
J*v u^^^ vf*IHI<1U'4 abhimana-putra, m.
a foster-son. s. [arrogance. «.
bJl^^ ^HHIHilT abhimdnatd, f. pride,
3\-^\ abhimdm or dbhimanya, proud,
" conceited. «.
<Jli*»^>^' ^il'TiT abhimat, consented to, ap-
proved of, chosen, agreed, accepted, s.
1^4^^ ^ftTJTTT'aT abhimatatd or abhimutta,
f. desire, love. s.
..^C^:*^ ^f>T5^ abhimukh, present, before, s.
\'J.^^^\ ^ftw^iTF abhimukhatd, f. presence,
proximity, s.
_ji^\ ^ftTrf^ abkinav, uew, quite new. s.
4i\^^\ W(km^ abhivdd, m. abusive lan-
guage, s. [stration. s.
^j*i|^\ Vf*l<i(^t| abhivddan, m. bow, pro-
C^^\ <H»|?T a-bhut, non-existent, s.
_.^^\ V)TtW a-bhoj, also a-bhojya, unfit to
^ eat, not eatable, a. [fasting. «.
^^^^\ V*|)l|l a-bhojt, not having eaten,
^^y^y^^ >HI*m«f dbhushan, m. ornaments,
jewellery, finery. «. (Commonly written in the Per-
sian characters as follows) :
{j^^\ aJMMan, m. jewels, ornaments, s.
\^y^\ ^Jltn a-bhog, unfit for use, unpos-
sessed, s.
^^y^(^!^ WW ab-hun, hitherto, yet. h.
jc^^ W*ft ab-hi, even now, just now. h.
-t^\ 'W»TIT a-6Aa?/, without fear, fearless, s.
/r^^ '5WI ubhaya, both (used in Sanskrit
" phrases.) [yellow myrobalan. ».
U^^ WtT^T abhayd, f. name of a flower, the
(^_j**Ua;\ ^^HiQTR abhyds, m. practice, medi-
tation, study, the frequent repetition of a thing in
order to fix it on the memory, s.
^*)U^\ ^«l"Rft abhydsi, studious, practis-
•• ing, repeating, s.
iJL^\x^\ ^«rnT?r abhydgat, m. a guest, a
visitor; arrived, s.
jX-A^l 'BM^XR abhaya-patraA m. assurance
^jlti-^\ '3Mir^T*T abhaya-ddn, V of safety or
li*)^^i4^^ ^>TiRToF abhaya-vak,) protection,
an amnesty, s. [nnalarmed. *
CaJ^^^ 'Sfvftif a-bhtta, fearless, undaunted,
cH-o^^ ^nrtfir a-bhtti, f. fearlessness. $.
tJl»...u(^;\ ^wftf^^TiT abhlpsit, ^lovedf wish-
cLu^Ji^l ^*^8 abhishta, J ed for. «.
^^\ abhich (dakh.), same as ahhty now,
^ just now
lio^J^ ^T^ «-&/tec?,1 united, fastened toge-
^jk^\ WH^ a-bhewj ther, known, cele-
brated, s.
j*4/i WT>rtT dbhtr, m. a cow-herd. «.
^T aJi, of or belonging to water, aquatic,
** ' watery, moist, humid, p.
fj,\ W% abe, an interjection of vocation
** * expressive of scorn, as Sirrah I h.
ij,\ oK, now (sometimes used for ab-ht). h.
CAxi\ ahyat (plur. of u!l*A>), houses, (and
more usual) disticba, verses, a.
j\jJT ab-yar, m. a waterer, a sprinkler, p.
(jjjljo I ah-yari, f. irrigation ; a kind of thin
" linen cloth ; a species of dove. p.
^>\ Vl^llsl a-%', grain that does not ger-
^minate. s. [able. ».
jo\ ^^t a-6er, f. delay; late, unseason-
j^i\ ^fli. aJir, m. red powder used at the
"'holl Saturnalia, s. [shilling, s
(joJlj\ abyaz, white, very splendid or
c-»^ 'Sni apa, a Sanskrit particle; prefixed
to words it denotes inferiority, privation, separation.
Tt is much used in compound words from the San-
skrit, as apaddn, m. taking away, the ablative case in
grammar; apdng, m. the outer corner of the eye;
apahhdshd, f. the vulgar tongue ; also applied to the
language of foreigners ; apabhansh, f. ungrammatical
language ; apachaij, m. loss, diminution ; apashabd,
m. vulgarisms, slang; apakrisht, worthless, little, vile;
apakarma, m. a bad action, misconduct ; apamrityu,
{. sudden death, dying without any disease ; apavdd, m.
censure, blame ; apavddl, censorious ; apaharta, m. a
robber, a thief; apaharan, m. seizing forcibly, carry-
ing off; apahnav, m. concealment, s.
t— >^ ^"H Ufa, a Sanskrit particle, denoting
vicinity, or resemblance in an inferior degree, as wpor
veda, the sub-veda or minor veda.
L^l 'Srm ap, proii. self, yourself, used in-
stead of the personal pronoun of the second person
by an inferior when addressing his superior, h.
t-Jl ^IVl ap, m. water, s.
b! ^rm apa, f. an elder sister; self. k.
i—f\i\ W<jrn a-pdp, guiltless, without crime, s.
c->1 <— >t ap-ap, m. selfishness, egotism, h.
yb\ ^Xfm a-patr, unfit, unworthy. 8.
^j^(ib\ 'omit^H apaddn, m. taking away ;
the ablative case in grammar. «.
(^liibj T^R^TT upddan, m. cause, motive, s.
Joihy ^"'ITO upddh, f violence, injury, in-
justice, s.
Jtih\ "^m^ upddhi,m.a virtuous reflection;
deception, disguise ; a nickname, s.
^ilh\ ^m^ upadht, violent, unjust, s.
JjLfctibj ^^HTHITO upadhydy, m. a spiritual
*" preceptor, s.
bUj6iib\ 3<cnu<lMT «^ac?/iyaya, "I fan instruc-
jj,ljkJfcib\ ^tJTWinft vpadhydyi, \ tress, the
(ibjfciib^ irmuiM't npadhyanl,} wife of a
" spiritual preceptor. *.
jb^ ^^IR a-jmr, boundless, excessive, s.
jb\ ipar, thyme, wild marjoram, p.
CL>»-,h\ 7mfViH Mj9u/;;<7, acquired, gained, s.
^^s-jb\ gtrr^fT iipdrj(ni,\n. acquiring, gain-
ing, t.
6 ) ^T
bjfb^ VVTTSn uparna, a. to root up, eu'.ir-
pate, eradicate, t.
^j**b^ ^Smnr upas, m. a fast, hunger. «.
b*»b3 V^TWT updsd, hungry, one who fasts. ».
ciJu*»b^ ^^nrraB upasak, a worshipper, u
servant s.
U**»V^\ ■g^n^'fT upasand, f. reverence, wor-
ship, attendance ; v. to reverence. /.
^/i[>\ "^Vn^ updsi, serving, worshipping, i.
&Ju«bj 7m444 Mjt?a.s?/a, worthy of reverence, s.
eo^b\ ^nn^R apdshraya, helpless, desti-
tute, without shelter. «.
(JSJbj ^MTch' a-pa/<, raw, unripe, undressed. ,•:,
^b^b\ <Jm4^M updkhydn, m. an old
story, a legend, s. Paying, s.
,.^jc3b3 ^m^TW updlambh, m. abuse; de-
^jb\ ^HTR apdn, m. emission of wiiii
(backwards). «.
bb\ ^TJRT updnd, a. to create, produce,
earn, adopt, contrive, h.
•^-^bj ^arm^ apdng, m. the outer corner of
the eye, a sectarial mark on the forehead ; adj. maime i,
crippled, apang-darshan, m. a side glance, a leer, a
vdnk. s,
•bj "W^X^ upd,o, ra. remedy, redress, s.
^vjjM 'WXT^C^a-pdvan, defiling, polluting, s,
J^bl '^nir?^ apdhaj, lazy, cripple ; a per-
^ son who never yisits any one. s. [preparation, s.
^j\i\ «mT1 upde, m. remedy, plan, scheme,
(^bj Wm^ apdya, injurious, destructive, s.
^\i\ T^pft updyt, contriving, remedying, s.
tibji.^ Wrrnf apabdd, ra. complaint, accu-
sation, s, [an aocoser. «.
{^ii)\*i\ WMM^l apahddit m. a complainant,
>A?.^ Wtrf'R a-pabitr or a-pavitr, impure,
andean, s. [ness, impurity. «.
^J<i>>^ VMf^ -4 ri I apabitrata, f. unclean-
(j«jo\ WW^ apabas, also IRWfV apaba-
shya, absolute, independent. <.
OrtlWf upaban, m. a grove, an arti-
ficially planted wood or garden, s.
La^l^jJ^ 'HWT^ apabhdsha, f low, vulgar,
or obscene language, s.
(ji3j^3 ^nwl^ apabhranshAm. common
(;£Jk^3 WW^ ajmbhansh, J or vulgar
language, ungrammatical speech. ».
uiJbUj TT^nnU upapdtak, m. a great crime,
such as the killing of a cow, atheism, &c «.
C*-^3 3'^T?fir upapati, 111. a gallant, one
who keepii a woman to whom he is not married. «.
C>^.\ ^TJif oi "WPPtftl) a;?a< and dpatti, f.
calamity, misfortune. ajtat-kS!: at. time of di stoo s i . t
lol
(
0\ WTO apta, true, trustworthy, s.
-?3 W^rfw apati, f. disgrace, dishonour, s.
U^.! WTBT a/?/a, f. quotient, an equation of
a degree, s.
U^^} TmTTT upatap, m. sickness, pain,
heat. s. [spring, childless. *.
Ji>\ W^'Sf iilso WU-di'cK' a-putr, without ofF-
\5^yb3 'WrffT^in a-pativrata, an unchaste
woman, a courtesan. «.
,^3 ^nr^ a-path, m. a wrong path, error, s,
^^^^.^3 Wn^ a-pathya, indigestible, s.
|X>3 W^rlT a-patya, m. offspring, race, s,
ui^3 ■^'irim a-patiya, l faithless, trea-
j^LJo\ WtrfiT^TTT a-patiyara,) cherous. s.
'*^} ^Vi' a-patu, awkward, uncouth, s.
<-iljo3 ^tnrsF a-patah, one whose hands
and feet are become useless, paralytic, h.
{J^} 4M2«1 uptan, l^m. a paste for scour-
^-I^,^ TRTJTT uptana,) ing the skin when
bathing, h.
U^3 7Mjr|l upathna, n. to be tired, or to
be sick of a business, h. [the chorus, /i.
^^\ Tmf w|>«j> f- the burthen of a song,
\j\a^\ 7qin<n upjana, a. to produce, to
make to grow. h.
jAsf^\ grmiTgi upja,u, fertile, productive, h.
C^^^ ^Mfilfl upajit, produced, propa-
gated, s. [exertion, t.
ij>^^ ^M^fl«1 upajatan, m. preparation,
jj«aBr\ ^"qir^ apajas, m. infamy, disgrace, s.
ig*^^ wmiwt apajast, infamous, unfor-
tunate. ».
Ufl^\ ^^TSftTT upajna, n. to spring up, to
grow, to proceed, h.
^yksf^] "^tHftf^niiT upajtvika, also 4MV0m*{
upajivan, f, livelihood, means of living. ».
(C^AflC^\ '5^Jlf^ upajtvl, dependent, living
by or on. «.
j^»^ "51^^ upachdr, m. service, remedy,
practice of physic, usage, s.
-^^ ^^^ a-puchh, without a tail. s.
\4:^»\ '<MM^I a-puchha, f. name of a species
of tree.^ s. [waste. *.
ic=f-^ W^T^ apachaya, m. loss, detriment,
JoJ ^mj^ apad, or W.t W^^ apada, f.
misfortune, calamity, apad-grasta, involved in ca-
lamity. I.
\s>) Tif^ upada, f. a meeting, a present
made at an interview. ».
,ji3o3 ^M$«< upadrav, m. a portent; vio-
lence, injury, s. [vour. «.
ySJi^^l ^^J^ upadunsh, m relish, fla-
' ) ji»
Ll^lfct\>\ ?C(V1ri upadhatu, ra. a sort of
inferior mineral, s.
(j*o.i\>3 ^^^^ upades, ra. advice, counsel,
exhortation, admonition. «. [adviser. *.
^^^liJi^" '3"^^ft[R' upadesin, advising, an
(<**>.tis)3 '^'I^^ upadesl and upadesak, m.
an adviser, s.
o\ wm! apar, another, a second, opposite. «-
j>\ TT^ Mjoar (also ^T^ft npari), over,
above, s. [non-acquJBition. «.
Clo.^jj Wnrfrf a-prapti, f. non-attainment,
u'\^3 ^in^T uprata, m. the west. A
iJL.i>»-\ji) WM<lf^fl a-parajit, unerring, in-
vincible. «.
\:;>-L>3 W^ttrrfWiTT a-pardjita, f. the name
of a twining shrub ; called also koyal, or hawwa-pienfi,
crow's-beak. Clitoria tematea. s.
ijr\r:) ^rcRTini a-pardjay, m. victory, s,
'(^ji^\y>} WRr^»! a-pardchxn, modern, re-
cent, s.
^i)\^\ WtinV aparddh, m. crime, fault, s,
^Jl>^y>) VMil5|<T apar-at^Aiw,^ a criminal,
^i5U>3 ^HRTU^ aparddhi, J a sinner,
•• an offender, s.
(J^J 9U[lc^l uprdl, over, above, rf.
^U\ y m ^ uprdld, m. aid, assistance.
uprald harm, a. to take one's part, to protect, stickle
for. h. [wards. *.
l1oU>\ "^W^ uprdnt, after which, or after-
(_^jL>l 4il N< t uprdrvari, quarrelsome,
'virangling. h.
f^ib\ji\ ^trnjf apardhna, m. the third
pahar; afternoon, s.
\^j>) Wn a-prabhd, f. darkness, dulness,
want of splendour, s.
ij^j>) ■^Mr<M l<ft a-paripdtt, f. deviation
" from establisEed custom. «.
C^l!) oj 'sSTniTO a-pratdp, m. want of acnte-
nessi of power, or of fortune. #.
J,\3^3 'WffTtft a-pratdpi, blunt, powerleai,
*'*■ unfortunate, s.
Ijbjjuo j3 Wlrf^^VT a-pratibandhSf m. an
undisputed inheritance, s.
1^5j.\ wnfTrer a-pratishthd, f. want of
respectability, s. la-pratyakih, l-^-) «•
^j£Jo^3 ^WT^ a-prataksh, secret (properly
^5.^3 ^^nr^ a-prathd, f. deviation from
custom; secrecy. ».
Ll*Jk3^3 WBlftir a-prattt, without credit. «.
jji5^3 WWlVt a-pratttt, f. want of con-
fidence or of credit, mistrust, t.
Ji^j>\ yxv^m .a-pratyaksha, invisible,
not obvious to the eye. «
J»'
( 8 )
ts^j^ WHWI a-pratyay, m. distrust, unbe-
~lief. s. [trastfuL ».
^m;^J!} ^nji'nrt a-pratyayi, doubtful, mis-
<!U»-^J WH^^S a^rachand, without dig-
nity, not strong, s. [trial or proof, s.
l4>^.\ MJMfl.'aA l a-parichchha, f. want of
^^^^|^J>} >H1|VI'«{ or-pradhdn, little, mean,
powerless, subordinate, not chief. «.
(,,>**;^^^ ^BTR^ aparSf m. the state of a Hindu
after bathing previous to worship or to eating, during
which it is unlawful for him to touch any one. Le-
prosy, from Arab, ahras. uparas, m. a kind of red
chalk ; bitumen ; a subordinate flavour.
«5U*>^3 "WJWT^ a-prasad, ra. disapprobation,
disfavour, s.
(J^\»*»S\ ^H4j|(^ a-prasadl, that which is
"not presented to the Deity, s.
^Suij\ ^irftrsf a-prasiddh, unknown, hid-
den, not celebrated, s.
(j***j^} '3TIW^ a-prasanna, disagreeable, dis-
satisfied, s. [nate. s.
{^J>} ^'T^? a-purush, impotent, efFemi-
^jioJJ ^ir«liT^ a-prakdsh, m. that which
is hidden or obscure, s.
«-Ii-^^.\ ^ITflR? a-prakat, unmanifested, not
apparent, s.
jy^) ■^'trC^T nparld, superficial, the outside
of a cloth or raiment (opposed to the lining), h.
^jUj^3 ^RHM a-pramdn, without proof, un-
true, s. [tic, without authority, s.
tibloj ^JWlfsJIcB' a-pramdnih, unauthen-
eijoU^j ^UTTIFI a-pramdnya, want of proof
or of authority, s. [finite, s.
jb|^\ lETTltTR a-param-pdr, boundless, iu-
di**;^^ ^STtlfrfNir a-parimit, unmeasured,
unlimited, s.
^j>} ^tR:»n t</?arna, m. a scarf, a covering, h.
t/lir' ^hji^ 3^*^ 'AXm\ uparwdti tar-
wa.i, f. surfeit, mort de chien, cholera morbus, h.
(^jj>} WTC^ a^-rM/>, m. self, self-formed,
the Deity. Dakh. strange, wonderful, rare. h.
J&iij j\ 4«l09 nparodh, ra. partiality, sup-
port, favour, kindness, s.
'>^j J.\ 4U<\*'«II upraunchd, m. a towel or
cloth for wiping the body. adj. superficial, h.
(j>.^j>) 'WWTttT a-pravin, unskilful ; apra-
vlnatd, f. want of skill or of experience. $.
^JJi\ ^arftr? (^-priy, hated, disliked, un-
friendly, s. [dislike. «.
CL^ji) ^rftflT a-priti, f. enmity, hatred,
wJo^3 ^nuft^ a-par-ikshd, f. want of trial
or proof, an iusuflicient trial of any thing, s.
^j>\ ystVt^ a-prem, m. want of love, enmity,
^ hatred, v.
y^
7^»n uparna, n. to be rooted out,
to be pulled out ; to be skinned, h.
^J>) ^RT»n aparnd, n. to come to hand. d.
{j^\ ^T^^ dpas, pron. recip. themselves,
one another ; hence kindred, brotherhood, fellowship.
Spas men rahna is applied to signify adultery, &c. h.
^j-^3 ^TTO upas, f. stink, staleness, putre-
faction, rottenness, h.
lSJ^^) '3'M^l upastri, f. a concubine. $.
,.^^<.)\ <fMW upasth, m. f. the organ of
generation of males or females, s.
C^^i,»)\ ^qf^ri upasthit, ready, present,
at hand, arrived, t.
U-*?3 '4H!<T apsard, f. a female dancer in
the court of Indra. t.
ijj\^\ T^^^ upasarga, m. a particle or
preposition ; a portent or natural phenomenon. «.
\^^m)\ ^^WK apasmdr, m. the epilepsy, s.
U*«*^3 <fiT 41*11 upasnd, n. to become musty,
to rot. h.
,>,y^) WWf apasavya, m. the right side
(or half) of the body ; adj. opposite, contrary. $.
jw»\J;j\ ^M^llsf upashdstra, m. sciences
connected with or derived from the shastra. t.
tJlX)\tS\ 4'MS||ln1 upashdnta, calm, pacified,
appeased, s. [or tranquil, s.
^Iij3 ^M^llfll upashdnii, one who is calm
J>x^3 V<l^f«< apashahd, m. wind broken
backwards ; a disagreeable sound, s.
C^xL.)\ ^MfwiH a-pushpit, without flowers
(a tree or plant), that does not bear flowers, not in
flower, s. [lean. s.
tilA-io^ ^W apasht, hidden, secret ; a-pusht,
(ji<^} ^M$r«g<T apashakun, m. any unlucky
omen or portent, also apasakun. s.
^^^\ 3i^[H «^;a.s7mm,m.patience,calmness. i.
uLb\ ^^JoF a-pah, or ^V^k a-pakk, unripe, s.
J^ <—»! TTT^^T^I ap-kdj, 1 attending to
^j>-^(--»l ^T^ckMl dp-kdjl,} one's own
" business, attending to one's own affairs. «.
j6^} ^MotiK upakdr, m. a hindrance, detri-
ment, injury, s.
j^\ T^nUK upakdr, m, favour, kindness,
protection, s. P°8- '•
^^K)\ ^T^T«nTft upakdrt, beneficent, aid-
ti)j\i^3 ^M«liK°li upakdrak, m. a friend, a
protector, x.
^^\ ^TJMin a-pahtd, f. immaturity, s.
{JL»M>So\ 'snnif^ apahrishta, bad, inferior,
deteriorated. «.
^jX)\ Tfxrgi'! upahram, m. deliberate com-
' mencement of an undertaking ; a stratagem, f.
jtSr^ ^V[^ apakarm, m. a mean or un-
' worthy action, t.
uUbJ
( 9 )
y;
^jy^i 5W«fci<!i upakaran, m. the insignia
of royalty ; means, materials, t.
{^J^} ^R^ a-jmksh, without wings, with-
out assistance or protection, s.
^.iX^J^} ^M«iic^'i apakalang, m. an indelible
disgrace, s.
CL^\ 4*i*\n upagat, promised, agreed, s.
ij^\ ■^'^nr? upagrah, m. a prisoner, a man
or animal in confinement, s.
(•^.1 TCPTI upagam, m. agreement, promise,
approach, s. [clous stone, a jewel, s.
^^\ ^5r upal, m. a rock, a stone; a pre-
ib^ ^5n vpld, m.acakeofdriedcowdung. h.
j^.l ^STR aplav, m. bathing, ablution, s.
Cl*-b3 ^^f^W upalipta, plastered, smeared
over. s.
«^lA)t wreoScT a^^Zw^, bathed, sprinkled (upon);
m. an initiated householder. ».
J^} ^IcJ-nl' apalajj, 'I impudent, immo-
(<ip{' ^HTc^^l apalajjlyj dest, shameless. «.
V«H' WT^^n apalajja, f. impudence, shame-
lessness. 6\ [omen or bad sign. «.
jj;^sH^ 'S^i^JT^ apalachchhan, m. a bad
jj^^i**' ^W^^ iipalachhan (properly upa-
lakslian), m. a figure of speech, an elliptical expres-
sion, a synecdoche. «.
U^jsH '31TIq5^'!TT apalachchhana, 'I of a bad
^k^.^' ^q^Saj^irl apalachchham,} omen, or
of suspicious appearance, imlucky. *.
^\ ^T5n aplav, m. bathing, ablution, s,
i^} ^^^ upU, f. smaller kind of cakes of
~ cow-dung. h.
t-^ab\ ^^T^ M^a^^,ra.smearing,plastering. s.
^J^}^ TtJ^TR upalepan, m. act of smearing,
plastering with cow-dung. t.
\%>\ ^^TI upama, f. comparison, simile, that
thing to which another is likened. *. [last. ».
^J^} nwi upaman, m. simile, &c. as the
j^V^3 Vr^MM apaman, m. disgrace, an af-
front, s. [graced, s
i^^} WJITTftm apamanit, degraded, dis-
ij\^\ WWnft apamdni, or ^MHI^M apa-
" manya, disgraced, abased. «. [likeness, s.
\Zj>^\ <mr*ifi( upamiti, f. resemblance,
^^J^} W^W apamrityu, f. an unnatural
or untimely death. $.
(M^t ^SFR apan, pron. recip. self h.
^^\ ^q«^ dpanna, afflicted, gained or ac-
quired ; one who comes to another for shelter, i.
Uj3 "^Sf^ apnd, m. 1 pron. of or belonging
^\ ^nft apnl, f. J to self apnt gd,ond,
to ling one's own praises, to egotisa. A.
UU^3 ^MIWI apndna, a. to make a thing one^B
own, to convert to one's own use. h. [kindred, i.
«J1^.U^3 '^WRrT apndyat, f. family relations,
l-*>3 ^q^T apanpa, or apampd, m. one's
self. Used only in the accusative, as apaiipd bacbatia,
to guard or protect one's self. h.
,^^>) ^XTT a-jyanth, m. a wrong road, or
bad road, a devious track ; heresy. a\
je^J^J^J 'Siq^l a-panthi, one who has lost
•• his way, devious, heretical, a heretic.
ii-il>3 ^^f^I^? upanishad, m. sacred texts or
extracts from the Vedas. s.
uiLb.l 'srnrfVicfi' dpanik, m. an emerald. *.
<^J^] ^^^ iqmng, m. a kind of musical
instrument, s. [adj. wicked, void of merit, s.
^\ ^tRTR apunya, m. uncharitableness ;
i^\ "ST'T'T'T upanaya, "I m. the initiation
;j;vJO'J ^ijrfq*f upanayan,) of the three first
classes of Hindus ; investiture with a peculiar thread
or cord worn over the left shoulder. Vide Wilson, t,
Jouol TT^^ upanetra, m. spectacles, glasses
for the eye. *.
»a1>3 ^roipi apunya, m. uncharitableness. $.
S\y>\''Sm^:Xf[apavdd, m. complaint, reproach,
accusation, s. [accuser, s.
ij^^^} "^SUK^J^ apavddt, m. a com plainer,
(^_)*»1^J ^rtJ^T'H upavds, m. fasting, a fast. s.
(Wy»l^j ■g'^i^T^ upavasif m. one who fasts, s.
C^^.l^nTrTa-pM<,childles85 undutiful (child), s.
yy>\ '^RUf^fil a-pavitra, unclean, defiled. 5.
\53»^1 ^irf^WT a-pavitratd, f. uncleanness,
filth, s.
^y>} oput, pure, unadulterated, d.
i^^-^] ssm^feir apujak, ungodly, irreligious. 5.
&A>^3 ^Tgl^T apvjya, that which is not
worshipped, or not a proper object of worship, s,
bt5^.\ "a'qf^OT upavidyd, f. profane science,
(opposed to sacred), i.
u-^^J ^iTC^ u-purb, new, unheard of, ad-
mirable, uncommon, remarkable. *. [ardly. «.
{J*>j^) ^C^W^ a-paurush, unmanly, cow-
*i/^3 ^ti^ apuvarg, m. liberation, deli-
verance, emancipation. *.
fjjy>\ '^Tf^ a-purn, m. a fraction; adj. not
full, incomplete, apurn-kdl, premature, untimely, i.
1:6.^3 ^^'^in a-purnatd, f incompleteness, s.
^^Jy>\ ^^^^«T upavaman, m. a minute
description, s. [ralleled, eminent, unheard of. «.
iyjy>) W|f a-purva, unprecedented, unpa-
(^o3 TUf^ upavish, m. a narcotic, a.
^^y>\ 4U<«1 upavan^ m. a grove, an artifi-
cially-planted wood. «•
^^
( 10 )
c-oT
d*>^i "^rrfiTI upavit, 111. the brahminical
thread s.
•H^v^ ^"^^^ itpaved, m. the Puranas, &c. q.d.
depending on, or derived (springing from) the Veda. s.
O^^^J ^M^i** ttpahaSf in.laughter,fun,sport.s.
^]j^) ^^T*TT aphrana, a. to feed one so
that his belly swell ; met. to give one (money, &c.) to
tlie utmost extent of his desire. Also used in a
neuter sense, h.
'^)j^} 'WMrtjt aphrd,t,f. gluttony, a surfeit, k.
Jtv ^^^ apaharta, m, a robber, a plun-
derer, s. [ing, purloining.
m;Vv^ ^ni^W apaharan, m. act of plunder-
^j^} ^nBr»TT apharna, n. to swell out (the
belly) ; to gormandize, to eat to satiety ; to become
very rich. h.
^.j^) ^mifTTr aphariya, f. a subdivision of
the caste or tribe called abhtr or ahlr, q. v. A.
^y^} '•Jfic? a-phal, fruitless, barren, s.
kZA^\ ^Mifcj&d a-phalit, not in fruit, s.
^2^^.^ ^nfif^SiTT a-phalitd, f. barrenness, non-
productiveness. *.
^•**^} ■^TRarr upkamid, n. to boil over. h.
y^.^ ^nij5^ apahnaVy m . denial,concealment. s.
^J ^T^ dphu, \ „ . .
T " » - ,_ f !• opium, h.
j»i4v' ^TThW apntm,j
i:;-h^) 'Sriirsf a-pAe»,without foam. «. [gtinate. ».
\s'xy^} ^lA^T aphendd, self-conceited, ob-
i— ^3 ^^ ape, same as dp, self, ape son
'• ape, of one's own accord, spontaneously, h
j(^\ "STtftr. ii-jm-, without pain. s.
jji^joj Wtjxi^ apuyash,m. infamy, disgrace. $.
^i.jO,\ ^q^i^n apayashl, infamous, unfortu-
•• nate. s. [qualified. *.
CIaSoO^ ^xnnii upayukta, worthy, fit, proper,
LtioO^ 'V?^ apehshd, f. expectation, hope, s,
^^■••:.vt%\ apekshit, expected, waited for, hoped
for. s. [adj. expecting, waiting for.
(^XL'^\ W^'^'^ apekshak, m. an expectant ;
^il5uoJ 'W^^ apekshl, expecting, hoping j
•• an expectant.
,^Xjl>,^ 5!n^ apekh, invisible, unseen, s.
l^$jk^3 "^^W Tm^ upekhd, or upekska, f.
trick, fraud, stratagem. «.
yjo\ ^nfhr apln, light, lean. s.
it«JoO.\ wlHrif apinas, m. dryness of the
nose, want of smell, a cold. *.
iS^if>} ^M^'H upayogi, useful, suitable, s.
/Vf?.^ ^H^ a-peya, unfit to drink, forbid-
•• den liquor, s.
C^\ ^rfiT ati, a particle denoting excess,
used in compounds, as ati-pan, m. a drunkard, or one
who driukH to excess; a<*-/)tt»(iAraffj, very powerful. «.
C^i JijK it, or ita, here, hither, VF ut, ot
uta, there, thither. l[f?| iti, a word usually
written at the end of books, letters, &c., denoting
that it is finished, like the Persian expressions, tamdm
shud, ziydda chi, Sic. s.
C>t WTJf dt, m. custard apple. Annona
squamosa, ft.
bt WTWldtd, or ^JHT fl^a, m. father; a custard
apple. Annona squamosa, p. h.
15\ or Jli)\ ^in itd, or ^ITT^ itdl, now, u*.
present, d.
^^ 3[WT ittd, this much or many. h.
^1 3^ uttd, that much or many. h.
Lio\I>\ atdbah, m. (q. d. dtabeg, the lord
father), a master, teacher, a title given to kings or
prime-ministers ; name of a family who occupied the
throne of Persia from A.D. 1148 to 1264; Sc^di d -
dicates his Gulistan to a prince of this family, p.
j^^ '4 AW. utdr, m. descent, utdr-dend, to
bring down ; met. to disgrace, dishonour, h.
|;Ul TiTRT utdrd, in. answer; ransom, self-
devotion ; cast-off or second-hand. h.
(Oj^i TnK'l utura7i, f. a fragment descent,
disgrace, h.
^J(>\ ^iiH,«TT iitdrnd, a. to bring down; to
tear off, cut off, or break off (a portion of any thing),
utdre hue, pi. eugagt-d with desperate resolution m
any enterprise (raettiphor taken from cavalry, who
dismount to figlit on foot, with a determination to
conquer or die), h. [stances, d.
<JjUi utdrnd, a. to act according to circum-
atdlik, m. a private tutor, atdltkl, pri-
vate tuition, education, t. ^on the back, h
f^\ TiTPfT utdn (also uttdn), supine, lying
li^^ 4il'MT utdnd, proud, conceited; also
supine. See chit. d. [despatch, h.
Uj^' ^rfI<Cc? utdwal, f. quickness, speed,
^jl3^ TfTR^n utdwld, m. ) swift, quick,
^^jl5\ 4rii<t(^ utdwU, f. J speedy, h.
(^^^ vifi^ atd,t, m. one who sings and
dances gratis, h.
^Ki\ ^TWrftR dttdyin,
^13^ ^nWTxft dttdyt,
cendiary. s
\jo\ SNPriWI^ at (bar, very frequent
sljJ^ utha' (pi. of *f> or X^^) followers,
dependants. ithd' and ittibff, following, obeyiiy,
obedience, a.
^cSip\ ^rK«t*< atihaktd, m. a great talker,
a babbler, .s.
jJj3\ ^rfirW^ atibal, very powerful. ».
.l^\ ^rfff»nt atibhdr^ m. a very great or
excessive burden. «.
jjxo^ ^srfir^ atihel, frequently, very often, s.
(_o1 Vnni atoj9, m. sunshine, sunbeamt. s.
m. a felon, thief,
murderer, in-
$.
i^\
( 11 )
^jj\
|^U>^ THTrT tifpat, m. violencei injustice,
tibUl^rfTrTrrn! atipatah, m. a heinous sin. s.
^^\^\ ^fi^'TlW^St atipataJti, one who com-
~ mits a very great or heinous sin. s.
j^'L!>\ ^rMliH utfatan, m. plucking out»
eradicating, s.
f^^^ TPHi^tT utpaclan, m. producing, s.
j^lx>\ ^ffPTR atipan, m. a drunkard; exces-
cessive drinking, inebriety. ».
CL^\'^r7Jf^utpatti, utpatt, f. birth, origin, s.
CL^^\ 'iHV nttapta, anxious, excited, s.
\tSjj^\ ^Hl^T utpreksha, f. indifference,
carelessness ; illustration (in poetry, &c.). *.
(J-;5\ TW^ utpal, m. a species of the lotus
flower, s.
(j^^ <)rM^ titpann, produced, gained ; s. m.
produce, s. [a guest «•
,4^^ ^fflf^ atitha or atithi, m. a stranger,
1^1 ^iTVn a-tathd, powerless, without au-
thority. *.
ju^ I ^ff^q atithya, \ hospitable, at-
^aJL^l>l ^rrfiT^ atitheya, J tentive to a
guest. «. [acrid ; very pungent. «.
^^.l5oCL?^ '^rfinfhpr atitlhshna, sharp, hot, or
/l:s^ ^Hsnil. at ij agar, m. the black cur-
lew; adj. very wakeful, restless. $.
i^^\ ^inftT atijog, very worthy, s.
^j^j^^\ ^rr<ifl% atijlrna, very old, decayed, s.
j^^ ^frr^R atichar, m. the rapid motion
of a planet from one sign to another, s.
i^\s£^\ ittihad, m. union, concord, intimate
friendship, a. [berality. s.
^^\Si\ ^fK^T atidan, m. munificence, li-
i\si\ ^ fH '<Tf atiddh, m. great heat, violent
inflammation, s. [culty or distress, s.
ClJjS>\ ^rfiTCTTT atidurgat, f. great diffi-
jdSi] wFiT^^oiR. atidushkar, very difficult, s.
jjSi\ SHPritU atidur, m. a great distance,
afar off. s
^^jJJ^ ^Pif^lq atidosh, m. a great fault. *.
j3^ '3'^R. witor, m. an answer; the north.
Adj. posterior, subsequent, s.
y\ W^ atra, here, in this place, s.
y\ ^Xl, itar, affected, giving one's self airs ;
playful, wanton, coquettish, gay; other, different,
low, vile, itar-lok, people of low caste. *.
yT^mr^ dUtr, grieved, sick, perplexed, s.
\y\ "^^Tf uttard, northern, northerly; f^
north-wind, *.
J^i^\y\ ^^T;TfV«fiR uttarddhikdi', m. an
inheritance, s. [an heir. a.
^J}6^li^J>^ nJ'^<( (VsBT^ uttarddhikdru m.
Jfc«y1yl "^^RT^ uttar-ardh, the second or
last half (of a book, &c.) s.
\iij\^\J>\ "^^^TWT uttardshdrhd, f. the
twenty -first lunar mansion, s.
i^\y\ Atrdk (plur. of ^J>), a Tartar or
Turcoman, a.
UU\ yfl ^ lR T utrdnd, a. to boil over; to ta'Ke
down, to pull down (by the hands of a third person :
to do it one's self is utarna). h.
^\y\ ! ^riO « n itrdna, a. to give one's self airs,
to act with affectation ; to act in an unnatural or
unusual manner, h.
^j]y\ "^WU^T uttardwan, m. a place
where fish throng to. h.
W\J)\ ■g'WirrfT uttardhd, of or belonging to
the north, s. [wanton, h.
L>.L5\ j^-^m i itroyd, affected, playful,
U«4>(_^\3\ ^^^ ^^ utrd,i-hona, to be
thankful or grateful, d.
^y^\ ^■^ ' <NH uttardyan, m. northing;
the six months from Mdgh, when the sun is north of
the equator", s.
tiJ.iil^y\ TSRVIT^ti^ nttar-hhddrapad, m.
a mansion of the moon (the twenty-seventh). *.
Jb J^ ^TRUT^ atarpdl, m. land that is left
imcultivated s.
C^3\ WcTT^IT a-tarpit, dissatisfied, s.
cILo 3\ ^nrFT a-trij)ta, restless, uneasy, s.
,^^A^3\ -^^tTB^^^ uttar-phalguni, f. the
" twelfth lunar mansion, s.
^^y\ WS(^ atran, m. name of a climbing
plant used in medicine, (Cynanitum extensum). d.
f^y>\ WHV!{ utran, f. a fragment, any thing
i taken off from the body ; cast clothes, rin se utran-
hona, to be freed from debt. h.
\^Ji\ ■^TTt'TT titarnd, n, to come down from
a height; to pass over; to go off; to become in-
sipid; to fall in vahie or in dignity, nasha utra, hia
intoxication is gone off. h.
bUy^ TfTm*TT utdrmdnd, a. to cause to
be brought down, or lowered, h.
j)^J)\ ^ri^aW^uttarottar, m. further and fur-
ther; a rejoinder to a reply inlaw. ».
vi/jjj3\ ^iPriO^I atirog, m. consumption, s.
J4>.lC/^ ^X^Tfi^S Hri-phal, m. an electuary
composed of myrbbalan with coriander-seed and
honey, d. [another, d.
^\ ^1R uttavy placing one thing over
j\Jl>\ ^imR atisdr, m. dysentery, diar-
rhoea. atisarakl and atisari, dysenteric, afflicted witb
dysentery. *
0-3^
( 12 )
J2^
SLw!>i iJ'WIf utsah, m. joy, gladness, plea-
sure; perseverance, s.
y^j*JS\ 4fmfl utsarg, abandoning, conse-
crating ; a rule or precept. *.
&XS.UJ1 ^fir^l^rn atisanchaya, ni. a hoard,
great accumulation, a.
y*^\ TFR utsav, ni. rejoicing, public de-
monstrations of J07. *. [timam. t.
^^g^\ «jnwl atsiy f. flax (linum usitatis-
^jl> \ atish or atash, f. fire, flame, p.
»jl^\ lj«->l atish-afraza, m. a rocket. ^.
jj)/^ lA*' ^tish-afroz, kindling fire, fuel. p.
^^Cs\ ^j£j I dtish-afgan, casting or throwing
fire. s.
j\s>\ (j£j| atish-andaz, casting out fire. p.
JxCj\ (jt'il atish-angez, kindling, spreading
or stirring fire ; an incendiary, a seditious man. p.
Jo ^JLi \ atish-bar, flaming, fiery, raining
fire ; a fire-lock, tinder-box. p.
jO yij| aUsh-haz, m. a maker of fireworks ;
dtish-bazi, f. a display of fireworks, p.
8.by£jt aiish-para, m. a spark, a lighted
coal ; a beautiful person ; an exciter of quarrels,
quarrelsome, p.
CLm*>j>^^ ;j^^' atish-parast, m. a worshipper
of fire, a guebre, of the sect of the magi ; atish-parasti,
fire-worshipping, p.
io\»- ^JL>\ atish-Khana, m. a fire-temple}
park of artillery, p.
yy>- ^j£w>! atish-khwar, m. a fire-eater, a bird
so called (in Hind. Chakor). A variety of Tetrao
rufus, Linn., a salamander, p.
^^(^ (jiJ t atish-dan, m. a hearth, a fire-
place, a chafing-dish. p.
j>j {Ji-> \ atish-rez, pouring out fire ; an
incendiary or exciter of quarrels, p.
^^^j (ji->t atish-zadatji, f afire (i.e. houses*
~ &c. on fire, accidentally or by design), p.
^^j (jtJl aiish-zan, or &'i\ ;jS3t atish-zana,
m. tinder, touchwood, any thing combustible ; a tin-
der-box, with flint and steel; atish-zant, or Stith'
xavagt, the act of striking fire. p.
jjU*«iD| atishistan, f. the region of fire, a
place where fire abounds (hence applied to a hot fire
of cannon or small-arms in battle) ; a large fire ; a fii-
neral pile. p.
xfl? ijij} dtish-tab', of a fierce or fiery dis-
position, p. a. [cauo. p.
fj\JLaJl*>\ dtish-fishdn, scattering fire, a vol-
^^ jjij \ atish-Jigan, fire-dispersing, p.
cll.w) I diishah, f. the venereal disease, p.
d^^^2*>^ ^fn^rai atishakta, very powerful.
atishakti, f. great power. atishaktatS, £ heroic valour,
prowess. •
>ji , ±31 a
iJ^\ dtisht, 'I fiery, hot, irascible, chole-
(ijj-2*>! ai?sAiw,J ric. a^isAi a,tna, a burning
Sji (jii>^\ dtish-hada, m. a furnace, grate,
chimney; t!ie temple of fire-worshippers; namec^s
recent biographical work in the Persian language, p
^■y> {Ji*i\ dtish-mizdj, fiery-tempered, p.a^
(^13 (jio \ atish-ndh, fiery, hot. p.
(_^^ ^frr^n a<«sAa2/,exce8sively,very much.«.
jjjio t dtisht, 'Ifien
i^X^^ ^tishin,] TV.
lens, atishin ab, red wine ; hot tears, atishin gola,
a bomb-shell, p.
Cm^- xLA vPilSinit atishit, excessively cold. s.
i—jIoJi ittisdf, m. description, qualification,
excellence, praise, a.
{j\jeL>\ ittisdl, m. conjunction, adhesion, union,
attachment, neighbourhood, contiguity, a.
/i\sd\ ittifdh, m. equality; friendship, union,
concord, similarity of disposition; chance, fortune,
accident, lot, success, incident, opportunit}' ; proba-
bility. ittifaJc-k, to unite. itt\fak-h, to happen, to be
agreed. ittifaTf-se, accidentally, jointly, conjunctly, a.
\Slfl3\ iitifahan, accidentally, by chance, a.
OVSli3^ ittifdhdt (pi. of Jii3\), accidents;
successes, occurrences, events a.
{iXw«> ,^So\ ittifdhi hasana, m. unexpected
good fortune ; agreeable accidents, a.
^la!J\ ittifakl, accidental, concurring, a.
vHJ)\ iitikd, m. avoiding, shunning, abstain-
ing (from vice) ; piety, abstinence, a.
u-JlHJ>\ ittikdf, restraining one*s senses ; pray-
ing and fasting, as in the month of Ramazin. a.
\jLft.>\ atkiyd (pi. of j^^), religious men, de-
votees ; the abstemious ; those who fear God. a.
{jSiS ^fPF itak, so much, this much. h.
oj\ HfircRT atikd, much, excessively, h.
{jj^ I dtkdrt, a caste of silkweavers in the
Dakhan. d. [time. «.
JK!>\ vfriVIc^ ati-kdl, m. delay, a long
iJL<Jt»S3\ ^MV utkrishtaf good, excellent.
uthrishta-bhum, m. a good soiL 1.
^y>^\ 7?R95 uthaU a name of the province
of Ufisa, vulgarly called Orisaa. :
l^jLi^=t>^ TRRPT utkantha, f. regretting,
longing for any thing. 1. [great. «.
Cj^\ vfrilfff atigati, very much, very
j35\ ^TH^ a-tulf unweighed ; that cannot
be weighed. «.
t\3\ WK^ n-tal, the name of one of the
seven patalas or infernal regions ; literally, bottom
less. s.
^^ Tirgr? utld (v. utawala), swift, quick, h.
r"
3^
( 13 )
^^
J^^ ^rWl uttam, great, principal, first chief,
the best, uttam-purush, an excellent man. s.
^\ ^UtR atma, m. self, soul, life, body;
much used in the composition of Hindu! words, as
atma-nami, self-evident; atma-paldk, self-cherishing,
selfish ; atma-ghat, self-murder, s,
3\ atamm, more or most perfect (from tamm,
» perfect, complete), a.
l«5 \ ^nWT atma, f. the soul ; the body ; the
heart ; the understanding. *.
*W>\ itmam, perfection, accomplishment,
' completion, a. jledge. s.
^<^x^\ ^rn*TWf^ atma-huddhi, f. self-know-
^tiJji^ 1 '5rnrr?«I atma-handhu, m. one's own
kinsman, s. struction. ».
»iijf»3l "^Ir^^tV atma-hodh, m. spiritual in-
C;*)Jl-v»!> I aima-palak, self-cherisher, selfish. 5.
^\ '^T*ni atmaj, springing from one's
^ self; m. a son. s.
\s!f^ \ ^TW»n atma-jci, f. a daughter, s.
^\uV>Arft>^ ^THra^ atma-sandeh, m. inter-
nal doubt, s. [restraint. ».
^jiw«3 \ WTtfTW^ atmasanyam, m. self-
(JlA^C^il ■gtlW ^ l fn atma-shahii, f. inherent
power, s. [praise. «.
Ia^ ^w »M ^Trff^T^'Tl atma-shlagha, f. self-
t:il*3T ^TfWoR atmik, belonging to self,
own. ,9. [new. ».
\:^'\ ^fWofiiTT nfmikata, f. identity, same-
C^\^_CvT ^nunmr atma-ghat, m. self-
murder, atmaghatak and atmaghati, one who commits
Buicide. s. [ledge. *.
^LC>1 ^ Ws!n «T atma-gyan, ni. self-know-
^oll»!>t ^IrHHIH^ af ma-nawu, solf-evident. «.
VJ4i«.»!>T >HT(Wf^irr atma-vidya, f. spiritual
knowledge, s.
iX^y^ '5rR*Tf^'35''rt atma-vihrayu one who
**" sells himself as a slave. «• [self- '.
C^'\ ^nwf^TI afma-hit, beneficial to one's
Lx^T ^nwi^WT dtma-hatya, f. self-destruc-
tion, suicide. «. [selfish, s.
sj^l -mfw^ or mtH^H atmiya or atmiya, own,
^*i^ ■^(HT a-fa«, Kamdev, the god of love
among the Hindus. ».
U5\ 3[RT i^wa, as much as this, this much j
itne-men, in the mean time. A.
\Si\ ^WT utna, as much as that, that much. h.
C^\ ^nfnf atant (properly atyanta), very
much, exceeding. *.
uibiT ^irtct afanA, ) m. fear, pain, affliction;
tf^T 'Wnin aten^r, J pomp, dignity, show. s.
i,^JJi\ TW" uttung, high, lofty. «.
j3\ g^ ?/<?«, m. plaits of cloth ; mar-kar
uttu handya uske ta,tA, he beat him to a mummy ;
lit that his body was marked like the plaits in cloth- h,
y\ ^H^ itau, same as Una, this much. k.
y! ^nn" atu, f. a female teacher, a go-
verness, h.
j\y\ ^i^rc itwavt m. Sunday, s.
/j>>|y\wfd^ra ativas, m. a rigid fast observed
on certain occasions, t. [poison. *.
(_j«y^ vfilOt? ativish, m. an antidote to
U>y\ vCffDim ativisha, f. a tree whose
bark is used in dyeing, s.
Jy^ llfitc^' a-ioZ, unweighed. i^.
j^y I Wr^ atun, 1 f. a female teacher, a
^^^l^uk^atunjl,) governess, h.
^\ 'SR ath, m. the beginning, commence-
ment, an indeclinable particle, denoting now, here
goes, &c. s.
\^\ W^ atha (for a-thah), deep, unfathom-
able, out of man's depth. ». [thing up. #.
^Ji.l^^ 7Vjm«1 uihdpan, m. act of raising a
^j*»l^l ^fiTire itihds, m. a story, fable ;
history, tradition, atihas, m. excessive laughter. *.
^\^^ ittihdm, m. suspicion, censure; inlaw,
a charge, an imputation, a.
ij^^ 7rV|H utthdn, m. rising up, awaking
from sleep ; eflfort, exertion, utthan ekadashi, or de-
vothan, the 1 1th of the shukl-pakslji of kdrtik, when
Vishnu awakes from sleep ; during the months that
he sleeps it is unlawful to marry, s. [able. *.
51a)\ ^T'n^ a-thdh, m. an abyss, unfathom-
^l^^ ^^n^* athaMt f. a place where peo-
ple meet to converse and amuse themselves, s.
(J>a'j\ ^T^TiT a-thit, unstable, unsteady, s.
^j^'l W^irc^T (properly '^JVl^^), atharban,
name of one of the Vedas. *.
^.^T 5311^1^ dtharvvan, m. a Brahman
versed in the Atharvan Veda, s,
tJj^A)] ^nT?R a-thak, unwearied, insensible
of fatigue, h.
A^\ 'q vT^ a-thal, unstable, unsteady, wa-
vering ; land farmed or rented, s,
*^\ " 9^^ uthld, shallow, shelving, s.
U^)^\ (y <gH l) uthland, a. to cause to turn
over, or to be overset. «.
JaX> ^y^\ T«I^ ^^1^ uthal-puthal, over-
turned, upset, topsy-turvy, ft.
U^\ JiV<<^H I uthalnd, m. to turn over, to
upset (of itself) ; uthalnd jmtlialnd, to be overset. A.
ll^^ 'gT 'a^ ^«^^ athmand, sunset, the west, *
\^\ ^vnr athavd, or, or even. 8.
s
( M )
^^ ^fW iti (vide CL>\ iti), a word usually
written at the end of a letter, book, &c., signifying
tliat it is finished ; as the Latin Finis, &c. s.
^\ wrt' rt^i. much, very. s.
d\^\ l^FTlf^ ityadi, et caetera, and so forth. 8.
.Lj3\ ("«h1«(I'^) a^ifear, frequently, very often, s.
b^A!)^ '^1(^W afihakta., a great talker, a
babbler, s. [of game. h.
{3b 3 1 'STrl^^Tift atlpati, f. name of a kind
CiaO^ WrftH' a^i^ m. an ascetic, or devotee
among Hindus, s.
c;*oo\ ^ifhr at'it, gone by, elapsed, expired.
atlt-hdl, m. (in gram.) the past or preterite tense, a.
dwjjol ^sraWc^R aiirihta, much, excessive, s.
^jjjOi qnl<*i uflran, worn, cast off (clothes,
jewels, &c.). *.
jjj^l ^irt^ uWirna, arrived, rescued, s.
jj«ju^ VRrt'^JH atis, m. the name of a root used
in medicine, s.
<^AJU)^ ^ffsR itek, so much, this much. h.
i^jn\^\ itlhas (same as itihas), m. a history,
story, fable, s.
cl>T 5.^ (dakh.), eiglit. Properly ^'T, q.v.
uT WVn ata, m. flour, meal, any ground
grain; when sifted, the finer flour, called maida, is
separated from the coarser meal, called suji. h.
\J\ 'VZl ata, ra. an upper room, or story, h.
\J^\{JL>\ ^STJ^TTrn dt-athdra, perplexed,
distressed, d. [room, h.
(j^b^ V8li(0 atari, f. a thatched upper
Ju"\ ^tZ\^ a-tdl, f. a stack, a rick (of
grass, corn, &c.), a heap (of baggage, &c.), q. d. im-
moveable, h.
^\S\ "WTT^ atdld, m. a heap, furniture. /*.
oJu1 ^gir<J«W attuUlid, an upper chamber, h.
UjJb t^^^ I ^nn*n^ ^^ dtdmdtt hond, to
be utterly destroyed, or undone, h. [disorderly, h.
<^Jj^Jxx>\ ^J7^7t»T atpatdng, poor, wicked,
^^\x3\ ^7^3W atpatdnyi, wickedness,
•• ab.'iurdity, h.
^^4^^^ ^S(Z^i( atpathi,\ thoughtless, incon-
jJUj'l '^Z^ii atpatt, J siderate, irregular,
"unstudied, h.
cLo^ fTJJ (itat, coarse, strong cloth, h.
i.^X>\ ^WJ^ Utah, f prevention, bar, ob-
stacle, nanio of a river, the Attock. A.
Oo\ ^BTf^T (itlih, ni. a vessel for performing
ablution ; also the pot in which victuals are dressed
for the public, iit the door of the te ' " "
part, aground, stopped, hindered.
for the public, iit the door of the temple of Jagannath ;
uoji'' Vjfl|IT«1l athdnd, a. to prevent, to hin-
der, to stop, to restrain, to detain, to chanenge tu a
sentry, h.
^l^\W!^^fJ^atkdw,cre atkd,o,\ m. prevention,
UjOo'\ M<^o|il«(t{l atkdwand,) arrest, stop,
a challenge, h.
{j^j^^ ^i^^*i utakkarlais, precipitate,
rash, acting without consideration, h.
ijij"^ ^IZW^ atkal, f. guess, conjecture,
judgment, opinion ; quantity, size, afkal-baz, a good
guesser, an appraiser, atkal-pachchu, m. one who
guesses at a venture, or without the slightest grounds ;
adv. by guess, at random, atkal-matkal, name of a
kind of play among children something like our "guess
if you can." h.
^J^^So'l ^TTflF^TrlT atkalnd, a. to guess, to con-
jecture, to judge, to think, h.
Ci)«J^/<>CiJo'\ ^^c|iH<S«li ntak-matak, amorous
dalliance, fond tricks and gestures, d.
UsCj'\ '^{ohHI ataknd, n. to be stopped, to
be restrained, to be prevented, to adhere, cease, rest;
remain, h.
(J-^Sol -^Z^tfi atkhel, wanton, playful, h,
^-^5o*\ ^<!^(^ atkheli, f. wantonness, an
" aflFected (also a graceful) pace or mode of walking; h.
,J->^ ^SZ^ a-tal, immoveable, fixed, of de-
termined resolution, h.
Ji^\ ^TJT atam, m. a heap, pile, or mass, h,
j^-^"^ W^^ atambar, a crowd of people, a
tribe, d. (pltsr, of c«). h.
^^\ 1IT5T atan, a balcony, an upper room;
lJo1 W£*f1 atnd, n. to be contained, to be
filled ; as, kua at-gaya, the well is filled up; also to fill
up (actively), h.
fj^-x>\ <}^J|H utangan, the name of a river
near GOfSliar, the name of a plant, h.
^Jj\ WZ"^ atrCi, f the horn of a bow. s.
^\dto (Jov dthon), ihe eight, the entire eight, d.
^\y^CL>\^\ ^Z^\Z^Z*A\Z atwdt-khatwat,
f. the state of a person who in great affliction remains
bedridden, athwati-khatwdti lena, to be confined to
bed by severe sickness, h.
^j^y I dtwdn (for dthwdn), the eighth, d.
^y>\ VTN atob, m. nature, constitution,
essence, power, d. [inexhaustible. «.
iiL>y\ ^rZZ a-tut, not liable to be broken,
ij^^ ijy^^ athwatt'khatwdtt, f being bed-
* ridden, (v. atwat, &c).
Iii3y'^ ^STT^ a-tok, unrestrained, uninter-
rupted, without hindrance, unquestioned, h.
Jy\ wtt^ a-tol, unpolished (stones or
jewels), and hence when applied to persons it de-
notes rude, unmannerly. " A. rough diamond." h.
<ffy\ WZ^ (itvi, f. forost, wilderness. «-
^"T
( IS )
^J
i^J IJW ath, eighty dth dth ansu rona, to
shed floods of tears, to weep exceedingly, ath pahar,
perpetually ; lit. during the whole eight watches of
day and night, dth-pahart, one who is constantly on
duty, an eight-watch man. o/A- khamba, a canopy sup-
ported by eight posts, h,
\^\ atthd, the eii;lit at cards, d.
0^_A_> l^'\ ^if^^Ml uthd-bithdnd, a. to
lead into error, cause to err. d.
J— 4_ijj\^1 d'JN^I utha-baithl, f. act of
"frequently rising and sitting down, inconstancy, rest-
lessness, h.
lX^\ ^ZTT^ athdrah, eighteen, atharahmdn,
also athdrwdn, the eighteenth, h.
j>j3l^'\ ^rrnft athdsl, eighty-eight, h.
jjl^1 "3TR uthdn, in. an area, or court;
f. act of appearing, arising, ft.
\3\^'\ T^TtTT uthdnd, a. to lift or raise up;
to contract debts or purchase on credit, to drive away,
to exhibit, titha-d, to abolish, to do away with. ft.
f^^\^\ ^I7T«T% athdnawrve, or athdnwe,
ninety-eight, h.
^jl^'l ^3T«I«i athdwan, fifty-eight, h.
(j**?.l4^'^ WS^ athdyis, (also athdwis)
twenty-eight, ft.
iSi^\^\ Jjl^iftn %itlid,i-gird, m. a plun-
derer, one who pilfers, ft. p.
,^^^\ ^Z%Z iith-baith, f. restlessness; a
kind of exercise, nth-baith lagna, n. to be uneasy in
mind. ft.
jji»JlJk^1 ^sr^TfTo^^ api'talls, forty-eight, h.
jJ^^ ^IT^T afhdttar, seventy-eight, k.
{jhj1^\ "^Tift^ athfis, thirty-eight, h.
*^jL*^^ -^<i^<S athsath, sixty-eight, h.
l^yC^' \ ^7<*l«lT' dth-kont, eight-cornered,
octangular, s. [tonness. s.
jjj^i^^ ^T^"^^ athkelt, f. playfulness, wan-
^y^^ ^3T3^ athalf ra. bathing (of the bride and
bridegroom together, the third day after marriage), ft.
0^^3"\ '^<i(#HT ithldnd, a. to walk affectedly
or coqucttishly, to express tenderness or kindness by
gestures, ft.
(j*»W4->'\ ^TT'IT'B ath.mds, m. land constantly
ploughed (for sugar-cane) from the month of asafh to
the month mdgh, both inclusive. *.
^'k\(^^ \ 'SrraffTT dthmana, the west, in op-
position to agmand the east. s.
U^'^ ^<5HI uthnd, n. to rise up ; to go away. h.
jJJo^)^ 4i^^ uthangal, out of order, with-
out manner, dull, heavy, stupid, d.
^j^lo^'\ ^<j'T«f uthangan, m. a prop, or
tapport. ft. [ness, &c. ft.
^'^^4J'\ NBT^T^ athmdtl, (vide atmat), sick-
».Vj43»\ ^3^T^ athivara, m. the eighth day
after any other, a week. ft.
1^^^ 1 ^(TZ^\dtk7mn,ihe eighth; (from afh).h.
13L^\ TT^TTT uthrvdnd, a to cause to be
raised up. s. [died and eight h,
yiMJy^S ^^(K^ athotar-sau, one hun-
bi»^'\ "^rr^TT uthmaiyd, that which rises or
goes away. *.
jJKi^"\ ^?7'5WT; athhattar, seventy-eight, h.
^^\^\ ^irsrWEft athe,dssl, (for athdst),
eighty-eight, ft.
yL^"\ athednaw l(for athdnawe) ninety-
(^^\^\ athednawei eight, h. [pushed. ».
J«-^^ VN^CJk a-thel, immoveable, not to be
jJk^-^"\ athehattar, (for athhattar), seventy-
eight
^\ ^[^ atti, f a hank or bundle of thread;
"a cant word for a turban, ft.
j^\ "sr^ ater, f. the name of a town. h.
(^jjL>\ V^«T ateran, m. a skein or bundle
of thread, a reel ; the lounge or circle in the manej^e. h,
\JjX>\ ^^T«n ' aternd, a. to make up thread
into skeins, to reel ; to lounge a horse h.
!.dijJ\ ^^cR a-tek, without support, h.
i^\3\ asds, household furniture, wealth,
goods, money, slaves, cattle, &c. a.
CLo^\i^^\ asds-ul-bait,'\ household furni-
iO\S\ asdsa, J ture. a.
jV$T d.mr, (pi. of y\), signs, marks, traces,
vestiges ; histories, traditions, memorable events, the
traditions of Muhammad ; a weight of one sir, nearly
two pounds avoirdupois, a.
^\S\ asdrm, m. a defendant in a lawsuit;
•• a culprit, a criminal a.
OUil i^hdt, m. f. confirmation, affirmation,
proof, certain knowledge ; Dr. Himter says that its
gender in Hindi (when used in composition) depends
on that of the object (or word following), as, ishdti
mudda,d Idyd ; isbdli takrlrkl; but this is a well-known
rule in the language. — Vide Hind. Gram, gender of
comp. words, a.
jS\ asar, m. a mark, sign, effect, impression.
asar-paztr susceptive of impression, effective, a.
Jl'il asMI, very heavy, heavier, h.
\j3\ asnd, m. the middle, interstice, -interval;
as amd-i-rdh, in the middle of the road, i. e. during the
journey ; a fold or plait, a.
JlsXyi\ isnd-ashar, the twelve, in reference
to the twelve Imams, a.
jo\ anr, m. aether; adj. marked, chosen, a.
(»jo\ afim, m. a liar, sinner, criminal, n.
-\ ^nr aj, m. a goat ,' (also the same ud aj)
to-day, now «.
,}
( 16 )
r'
— I ^nW aj, to-daj. aj-hal, to-day or to-
morrow, soon, in a few days. &j kal-k., or ^ kal
hatana, to procrastinate, h.
U-1 ^rrsrr aja, m. a paternal grandfather, h.
j»-\ ^?in aja, f. a she-goat. s.
L-.>l>-\ i;a6, m. (in law) the first proposal
made in a contract ttc by one of the oontractLag
parties, a.
C^\>'\ ijabatt f. consent, approbation, a.
Cj\>-\ mvnr a-jat, expelled from one's
caste, s. [bis casta «.
3W\ ^vmiA a^atit m. a man who has lost
ij\»-\ ijara, (also.W^ ijar), m. a farm; a pri-
vilege, or income of variable amount sold or let for a
fixed sum. ijara-dar, m. a farmer of land or of reve-
nue, one that has purchased the labour of another ; the
holder of a monopoly, ijdra-ddrl, farming or contract-
ing for rent or revenue, ijardarl-pattd, ijar-pattd and
ijdr-nama, a lease, any document under which a lease
or farm is held. a. [hemp. h.
jW\ %m\i ajar, m. canvas, cloth made of
y\>-\ "9TfTf ^jar, deserted, desolate, aban-
doned, ujdf-k, a. to raze to the ground, h.
V^'V^ "nTTTfT ujdrna, a. to lay waste, to
desolate ; to injure, to expose to loss, as maiA tie tera
kyd ujafd, in what respect have 1 injured you ? h.
•yW\ "^^Wr^ujdru, m. a spoiler, destroyer, h.
*^j[>-\ ijdzat, f. commands, orders, permis-
sion, leave, dispensation, sanction. ijazaf-Jctwah, a
petitioner, one who asks leave or permission, ijdzat-
ndma, m. any written order or permission, a.
jsV^ ^HMK ujdgar, splendid, gaudy; cele-
brated, h.
^V^ ^nn^ ujdld, m. light, splendour.
ujdle ka tdrd, the planet Venus, h.
UU-^ ^in^RT ujdlnd, a. to cleanse, to po-
lish (metals or jewels), h. [brightness, h.
jJU-\ Tnnsyt njdli, f. light, splendour, glare,
;J*V^ 'cnnf^ ajdmil, the name of a great
sinner and penitent, t. [cent h,
j^Wl tIl|T«T a-jdn, ignorant, simple, inno-
^jl»-^ 91fT7| ujan, m. the direction, or part,
of a river which is opposite to the course of the stream (
up the river, h.
UWl iMlaflHI d-jdna, n. to come sudd"( '
to befall, to happen, to come. h. [city- ♦.
jj,U-\ ^r^T»ft a-jdntf f. ignorance, simpli-
d,^y^ VlPifif a-jit, unsubdued, unconquered,
invincible. ?
fcV^jk*.^ ijtiind', m. act of assembling or ga-
tnering together ; conjunction (In astronomy), a,
i^\l'i»-\ ijtindh, m. abstinence, continence a.
«jl^iL>-\ ijtihdd, m. care, effort, diligence ; car-
lying on war against infidels, a. [a
dV3»>^ ajdadyd^]. of Jj>-) ancestors,forefathers.
]^
J»^\ wr^ djudh (properly S.yudh), m.
a weapon, t. [rant, clownish, h,
Sst-S "^fK ujaddf inconsiderate, rash, igno-
^\ ajr, m. retribution, reward of good or
bod actions, hire, fare. a.
jf-y ^npi a-jar, ever young, not liable to
decay or old age. «.
t»>^ ^tNtt ajir, m. an area or court, t.
\j>'\ ijrd, m. performance, execution. ijra4tf
to perform, to put in practice, a.
(»L>.t ajram, (pi. of ,y»-) bodies, a,
O^^ ujrat, f. reward, wages, hire. a.
Uj*.1 HHIVfl ujarnd, n. to become desolate, n,
IJV^\ ^H^mMI ujarwdnd, a. to cause to be
laid waste (by the hands of a third person), h.
ajzd (pi. of J»- q. v.), parts, portions
sections of the kurdn, of which there are thirty, a.
(j«*>-\ ^nro a-jas, infamous, disreputable, s.
«iL«»-^ ajsdd (pi. of cJ«>*-a»-1
X , „ f bodies, a.
*w*>-i ajsdm (pi. of Jt**^J
C/^\ ^inii a-jukt ") f. violence, oppres-
CL^x»'\ iNviMfi a-jugat,j sion, compulsion;
adj. unfit. «.
tluCs-^ ^»nT»T «75'"*> surprising, wonderful. »,
j^^ ^nPK (^jg^^fi ni- a dragon, a kind of
large snake, the boa-constrictor ; lit the goat-eater. <>.
^y>'\ ajal, f. death, delay, a stated timq,
respite, period for the payment of a debt, ajal-rastda
or ajal-girifta, seized by fate, on the point of death, in
a situation that leaves no hopes of life, djil, (in law)
procrastination, or suffering such an interval to elapse
as to render complaint inadmissible, like our statute
of limitations, a.
^y»'\ ajall, comp. more glorious, a.
^y>■\ 4\Afj^ ""jjcih clean, pure, shining ;
blown, expanded, t.
^U-^ gtigSTMjVa, clear, bright, white, light, s.
(^jt),*^^\ ijlds, f. act of sitting, especially of
a court of justice like our word sessions, ijldsi kdmil,
a full court, a. [mean people, a.
u-i^U-\ ajldf, (pi. of ciy»-) wretches, tyrants,
J^^-^ ijldl, m. the bestowing or acknowledg-
ing of greatness, respect, a. [to brighten, i.
U^U-\ 4»lci5MI ujldnd, a. to cause to cleanse
(JlJ^\ ^TrlfciJd ujjalit, pure, clean, clear, s.
\A»-\ iSH0^\ vjalnd, n. to become clean, .
to shine, to be bright, s,
^J>.\ ajilla,{p\. of Jjd»-)glorious,illustriou8. a.
9\^>-\ ijmd'f m. act of assembling, an as-
sembly, senate, council, court of justice, a crowd, a
collection, amount, the whole. iJ7nd'-i ummat, m. gene-
ral assembly of the people, unanimous consent, ijma'i
fdhidhat, the unanimous authority of the oompanioni
of the prophet on a point of law. a.
r
( 17 )
,U1
Jlv>-\ ijmal, m. an abstract, abridgement,
compendious account, synopsis, summary; also applied
to joint occupancy or possession.
jJlv?-^ i/wia/i, abridged, compendious; in law
■ it denotes what is held in common (as an estate) undi-
vided, unpartitioned. ymali mafyiU, an undivided
estate, a.
^J^xv^^ ajmatn, (pi. of J*»-^) the whole, a.
Jm»»-\ ajmal, comp. more beautiful, perfect, a.
dy^S "^Si:^^ ajmud, 1 m.parsley. (-<^^£mwi
\«>^.»».\ VifTHlr^T ajmoda,) involucratum,
Roxb.), common carraway [Carum Carui), a kind of
lovage {Ligusticum Ajowan). p. s,
^>'\ (^f»l'*T) ajin, m. the hide of an ante-
lope, lion, tiger, 8ec, on which the religious students
sit or sleep, s. [tels, kinds, sorts, species, a.
(^_j*»U»-^ ajnas, (pi. of (j»i?-) goods and chat-
uja^\ ajnab, "1 foreign, strange, unknown
^yja^\ ajnabifj person, a.
dAJJUk>^ ajndbiyat, f. strangeness, the cir-
cumstance or state of being a foreigner, a. \s.
j^\ ^»T^ a-janma, unborn, and unbegotten.
gjs*-] . ajinna or ajinnat, (pi. of j^^|U»-), em-
bryos, a. [gusticum &c. (v. ajwayan), ft.
j^W^ '^SHTTR ajwcin, seed of the Ajowan li-
\j\y>'\ 49|«(l<n iijroana, a. to order a person
to pour from one vessel into another, h.
i^}fr^ ^nnm«T ajwayan, f. the seed of a
plant of the dill kind {Ligusticum Ajowan) A kind of
aniseed, ajtvdyani khurdsanl, henbane, h.
^xi\^^\ ^'H^ 1 5,H^ ajwayiniyi. a kind of caudle, c?.
C^^\ 'Snftir ci-jot, without splendour, dull. 5.
Ia^'»j>-\ ^»T3T a-jutha, untouched, untasted
(victuals), h.
1>j^\ ajura, m. hire, wages, fare, ajura-dar,
m. a labourer for hire (whether paid by the day, or
for completing a given work), a,
,jj^\ ajauri, f. advances, particularly to
"agricultural labourers, ft. [rare, ft,
v^\ ^nft^ a-jor, without joining, matchless,
J^\ 3i^^ ujjwal, clean, bright; blown,
expanded, s.
CL^yr^ griSff^TT ujjrvalit, pure, clean, clear, s.
Ujj?-^ JTfjcjiri T itjjwalta, f. splendour, ra-
diance. >.
^ y>.\ ajauU, f. perquisite of the lower castes
"from the threshing-floor, ft.
^Jy>'\ '^nft Vjon, hithertho, as yet, to this day. h.
\j^\^\ 7>¥|n9*n ujhdlna, a. to pour from
one vessel into another. A.
v^5-\ ("^^^ or "^WS) ujjhar, ignorant, illi-
terate, clownish, ft. [spy. ft.
Ui^^\ ■5*IJ3R1 ujhakna, a. to observe, to
{^1^^ ajhal, more ignorant, very ignorant, a.
\jA^\ 7*H)i^'HT njhalna, n. to flow, or be
poured from one vessel into another. It is also used in
a transitive sense, like ujhalna, q. v. ft.
j4>-\ ^iT? ajhu, to-day even, presently, h.
J^^\ ^K^t^ <z-jAoZ, of steady pace (epithet
of an elephant), ft.
ii\%i^\ ^Tif^ aj-hun, yet, hitherto, even
yet, this very day. ft.
fe»'\ '?r*ft ajt, an interjection to call, or
"bespeak attention. In Bengal it is always addressed
to an inferior, or in cases of great intimacy ; but in the
western provinces, often to a superior as a term of
respect, ft.
^\ ^nri ci-jai or ajaya, unsuccessful, sub-
"dued, not victorious, m. defeat, s,
Kaas-! WTWlHil*! djlbika, f. livelihood, sub-
sistence, means or mode of living, s.
CL^:^\ ^nftffa-j/i^ invincible, unsubdued, s.
fjjiCL*x>-\w^A'itj a-jlt-barria, m. leprosy (of
a bad kind), s. [adjutant.
<j^Ju5»\ ajitan, m. a corruption of our word
i^^\ ojycidf very best, good, excellent, a.
.As».\ ajir, m. a slave, ajlr-i-mushtarik, a
general or common hireling, a.
i^j^\ 'SH!^ a-jirna, m. indigestion, sur-
feit, flatulence, adj. undecayed, unimpaired. ».
i^y»-^ ^^»T iijjci'in, m. the name of a city
and province, of old the residence of VVtramaditya or
Bikramdjlt. s.
yj>\ ^ifltr a-j^w, lifeless, deprived of life. s.
•Aa-T ^n»fH djirv, m. livelihood, profession,
subsistence, s.
I^»jk3-t ^TPifH^WT djlvika, f. subsistence,
means of supporting life (v. ajlbiha). g.
-.\ ^ir uchcha, high, lofty, (for unchd). s.
\s-.\ W^ aclid (for achchha), good, excellent, h.
uiLoW^ ^^TM2 uchdpat, m. taking up goods
on credit; also, the goods so taken up; money bor-
rowed, ft.
CL>1*"\ 4MU uchdt, sorrowful, dejected, sepa-
rate, uchdt-h, to be tired, to be disgusted, ft.
,.JV:>'\ j^ l jtf uchchdtan, m. the act of vex-
ing, or rendering sorrovrful. *.
\JoW\ ^'^T^ uchdtna (act. of uchatnB),
to separate, &c. ft. [paration. k.
jiW^ T'^nrt uchdtlf f. sorrow, vexation, se-
j\s>-\ ^rarc uchckdr, m. pronunciation, utter-
ance, s.
Xs>A ^r^ K dchdr or ^T^TT achdr, m. man-
ner of life, common practice, rule of conduct, reli-
gious observance, achar-varjit, irregular, out of rule,
out of caste, s. [pickles, ft.
A>\ ^sr^R, ^TRR acha?', also dchd?-, m.
\j>\
( 18 )
4T^
OjW^ Wfftw uchcharit, pronounced, at-
tend, t.
-.jl>.\ achdraj (for ^T^^ dchdrya), m. an in-
Btroctor in matters of religion ; a learned pandit, i.
^0)^T ^T^TX?!I acharan, ra. manner of life,
religious observance. ». [utterance. ».
(ojV^ T^TTTtT uchchdran, m. pronunciation,
I3jl;*.\ JJ^KttT uchckarnd, a. to pronounce, to
utter, s,
^Sj\^\ V[^\0 dchari, a strict observer of
religious ceremonies, s. [ceptress. s.
U.I&-I VI^I^T dcharya, f. a spiritual pre-
(^b .1^1 ^T^I^'sft dcharydnt, f. the wife of
an acharya or religious instructor. $.
&>\»-\ ^|-<il%^ acharya, m. an instructor
(especially in matters of religion), the founder of a
religious sect, s,
jjl*-) <r-^T*l uchchan, f. height, elevation, s.
\3l»-\ ^^T*!T achand, a. to wash the mouth
after eating , to drink, h.
XA>~\ T^rfT uchdnd, a. to lift up a burden,
to raise, elevate, exalt, hoist up. h.
i^l^\»A ^r^Tf^ofr achanchakA suddenly,
(^JdI>-\ v&i'MIH«ir achdnak, J unawares,
unexpectedly, h.
^jl^^ T'^WT uchdwd, m. raving or talking
incoherently, as in one's sleep ; the night mare. h.
,J.^\ ^ra^;c5 achpal, com-l restless, playful,
^U*-l ^^McJJI achpald, m. \ inconstant,wan-
,A-c»-l ^'^^ ackpali, f. J ton, brisk ; ob-
"stinate, unruly, h.
iiLJ&^La^\ ^F^m^T^ achpaldhat,\£. restless-
j_^.^l ^'^C^^'t achpali, J ness, play-
fulness, vivacity, inconstancy. A.
<JI1a^ \ <jr*IH uchit, proper, becoming. «.
-\ ^fr?r a-chchut, m. a name of Vishnu
u
or of God, (q. d. which breaketh not) ; incormptible,
immortal, s.
li^^ TTWTTT nchchta, f. height, s.
\3\ij>.\ ^l^nn«n achtdnd or achtdnd-pachtdna,
(t. achhtana), to regret, to repent h. s.
ji>»\ ^'^ij^ a-chatur, stupid, inactive, s.
\jute»-^ T^TTT uchatnd, n. to separate, or be
■eparatcd (as plaster from a wall) ; to slip, slide, re-
bound (as a sword striking obliquely a hard body), to
be broken or interrupted (sleep). A.
j^\ VTC a-char, immoveable, inanimate, s.
_j£^\ or -^j^^ ^^iM or 'W^TTSI ucharj or
acharch, m. wonder, admiration, astonishment a^j.
astonishing, h.
^^J^^ W^VTJS dcharan, m. manner of life,
conduct, custom, practice, institute, religious observ-
ance. *,
^j^^ '^^TCTT or ^^rrvn uchamd or uckchama.
n. to separate (as the skin from the flesh, &a) } ts
speak, to pronounce ; to be uttered, pronounced, h.
ijJ^jf^\ T^tjl uchrang, m. a moth. h.
vxs*-^ ^^^ uchakhd, m. a thief, a pick-pocket,
a swindler; (in Western India)swindling,theft. uchakki'
pana, m, robbery, theft, h. [up. k,
U\l>-1 7''8ro|rTr[T uchkdnd, a. to lift, or raise
lSj*^^ '^'^'^O achkarl, f. wantonness, lasci-
viousness, wickedness, k.
iJiSj>-\ 'SSt^r^ a-chakshu,h\\nd. f. spectacles. «.
ij*^^ ^f^^tfa-c/jiAAan, rough, unpolished, s.
\^s>-\ T^oiTtn uchaknd, n. to rise, be raised,
or lifted ; to leap, bound, spring up. ichakna, to grin,
to shew the teeth, as a dog. h. [pick-pocket. A.
,X>-^ ■'^T^ uchakki, f. a female thief or
^y^^ ^^^ a-chal, immoveable (either from
strength or weakness) ; an aged person ; m. a moun-
tain, nil-achal, the blue mountain near Balasore. «.
'^^j>'\ ^-^Ic^r a-chald, f. the earth, supposed
to be immoveable as the centre of the universe. *.
l3^J>*-\ ^^^TRT uchldnd, a. to order a person
to separate (one thing from another), h.
Ui^-\ 4'^^ffl uchalnd, n. to separate or be
separated, h.
\^jL»j>-\ ^snWT achavihhd, also achamhd, m.
a wonderful thing, astonishment, cause of astonish-
ment, adj. rare, wonderful, h.
i2j*i>-^ WP^T«T dchaman, m. act of rincing
the mouth, sipping a little water out of the band and
spitting it out again ; a ceremony performed before
eating, s. [quence. *.
i^j^ ^rf^^ a-chin, without note or conse-
l^jjk5»-^ ^^>n achambhd, or achambd, in. a
wonder, marvel; adj. strange, wonderful, h.
CLaJ^»~\ ^f^Bffit a-chint, thoughtless, rash. s.
Ui>>\ ^r^iil'l a-chintd, f. disregard, absence
of thought.
,Jjci>-^ ^bN^^^ a-chanchal, fixed, unmoved,
firm, inactive. *.
SJs>-\ ^N^ a-chand, gentle, not passionate, s.
^j}^i>■\ 'ST'^^T'ft achwdnt, f. caudle (v. achh-
" tvani). h. [marksman, a dead shot k.
LiJj*-\ 'Vf^TSS a-chuk, unerring ; hence, a good
0^»-\ 'W^ achh, m. a die, cubic or oblong;
the spots on dice, achii, m. the eye. s.
^^\ ^-w ichhu, f. sugar-cane. s.
\a»'\ ^rSJ flf/icA/ta, good, excellent, righteous,
healthy, achchha bona, to recover, achchhd-k, to cure.
achcliM-lagiiu, to become, beseem, to be pleasing.
ttchchhe sc achchha, best of all. «.
\a>A ?5^ khchhd, f. will, wisli, desire, ichchhd-
bhojan, food agreeable and abundant to the utmott
desire, s. [nicnts ; a covering, cloak, &c. #.
(jiil^j^l ^I^I<H dchchddan, m. cloth, gar-
4^^
( 19 )
iJV^*.^ T?[Tq5»TT uchhalna, a. to throw up a
thing (as a ball, &c.) and catch it in the hand. h.
•^V^j>-\ ^i4M achhan, not strained, impure, h.
/jL>l^j>"\ ^'^^ achhansh, m. a degree of
latitude or longitude, s.
»l^^.l 4«d.lf uchchhah, ra. joy, gladness, h.
L^\^y^>-\ ^^vrPT achh-hhag, m. a degree
of latitude, s.
1^1*4^-^ ^RailT or ^'CJ'rr achhat, or akskat, f.
infallible, indelible; m. whole or unbroken rice used
in oblations, achhat tilak, f. the ceremony of pxitting
a few grains of rice on the forehead of an image when
addressed, qr of a Brahman when invited to an enter-
tainment, s.
CL^»-\ '^TSanr achhat, remaining, existing, h.
\Xi^\ ^fujril^T achhi'tard, f. the pupil of
the eye. s,
^^%$^,. ^^^J^-4~?-^ xNd^riltll ^T^fin^ achhtdnd
pachhiana, m. to repent, regret, s. h.
j^>-\ ^(fW^ achhir, m. the thrush, a complaint
to which children are liable, h.
jA^\ V'od.l. or ^"^ achchhar or akshar, m.
a letter of the alphabet. «. [sugar-cane. s.
{^jtij^»'\ ^^C^ ichhu-ras, m. the juice of the
l3^4i»-\ T3[^T uchharnd, to leap or bound, to
spring (a fountain), to fly up. A.
5j^A£>-\ ^<4<lil achhraufi, f. orthography;
"a mode of playing on a stringed instroment so as to
express the words of a song. h.
^^J^s>-\ ^HfO or 'W^[^ achchhari, scientific ;
writing an elegant hand ; lettered, s [up, d.
\ij^^\ uchharnd, same as X>j^\ to be rooted
.U**Ar>-l S'HHrC ichhu-sdr, m. molasses, raw
sugar. ». [of victuals; leavings, t.
cLa^Ao-^ ^r^S? uchchhisht, m. the remainder
CilA:>-l ' ^rJH i, ^^ <* ichchhak or ichchuk, wish-
ing, desirous, s. [sugar-cane {Saccharum munja). s.
^>j%.^\ i^^ohlJiJ ichhu-kdnd, m. a species of
U^ J.^:;-^ uchhal-parnd, n. to become en-
raged, d. [ther to throw up any thing. !i.
\J'^>As>^\ ?''^c^MT uchhldnd, a. to order ano-
Ul^is-^ ^^ ^ f{ T uchhalna, n. to leap or bound,
to spring up (as water in a fountain). A.
^%A-^^ l ^VtiHift khhu-math f the name of a
"river in Bengal, the Issamutty.
_jJl>A^-\ ??${*( ^^ ichhumehi, adj. diabetic, s.
^^^ ^ySy^ ichchhan, m. seeing, sight. 5.
(^y^fS-^^ ■g'f^aL^ uchchhinn, ruined, laid waste,
destroj'ed. h.
^^A'^\ 'STflS^T achhnd, also achhna, n. to be,
to remain, rf.
/<»»^»A»-' "^^^W uchchhwds, m. breath, breath-
ing ; hope, expectation ; division of a book. c.
ji\»A>.^ ^rSC^lff^ achhwdnt, f. caudle. A.
c
\3»Ars-^ '^rain a-chhTitd, intangible (victuals
dressed for saints, &c.), inviolable h.
^4i»4»-^ ^«Sl<^ achchhodan, m. the chase,
hunting, s.
^^4j>-\ W!^1%7!]ft or ^r^if^J!ft achchhauhint,
" (properly akshauhinl), f. a complete army of 109,350
foot, 65,610 horse, 21,870 chariots, and 21,870 ele-
phants, s.
^"^^ '^m\ or Sil^riM achhai, imperishable.
"achhai briks^, an undecayable tree, achiai-lok, m.
heaven, the imperishable world, s.
t_ - t(^"^T SHI^ dchhep, m. reproof, sarcasm,
abuse, s.
W.A-^\ ^Tim7T achhaitOf f. durability, im-
perishableness. «. [cellent A.
tjj4»-\ W^ dchhen, adj. plur. good, ex-
C*-£>-^ • ^■^H a-chet, out of mind or senses,
senseless, thoughtless, t.
C1a*»-\ SMxHff a-chyut, firm, fixed, steady ; im-
perishable, eternal ; m. a name of Vishnu or God. «.
KLs-\ "gT xjIri T a-chitd, unwished for j not
painted (paper, &c.) A.
Ijju;*-^ ^■^^•TT uchelnd, a. to separate one
thiiag from another. A.
{^X^'\ ^?%Ta-cAai/», uneasy, uncomfortable. «.
\ uh, an exclamation expressing pain ; it is
often reiterated, mJ, «J. a. [wja^i. singly, a.
4>WT a/iacZ (pi. of i^9'\), cardinal numbers j
LLo.tils»-\ ahddis (pi. of i^.^^*-), f. traditions,
particularly traditions or sayings of Muhammad, as
constituting the basis of the sunnat or traditional law;
lit. news. a.
ed>U-\ ihdta, f. surrounding, inclosure ; be-
sieging (generally means the thing surrounded or in-
closed, as a park, &c.) a.
t— A>.\ ahabh, adj. comp. more beloved, a
friend, most lovely, amiable, o.
i_^U».\ ahhab (pi. of L,> : »j»-), friends, a.
']]ft>-\ ihtirdz, m. abstinence, regimen ; ab-
staining from improper actions of any kind; for-
bearance, controlling the passions, a.
j\jw».\ ihtirak, m. strong desire, burning, a.
M]f=>'\ ihtirdm, m. act of honouring, paying
' attention, treating vrith respect, a.
L^\.jJIs-\ ihtisdb, m. making up accounts;
superintendence of police, censorship ; superintendence
of weights and measures in a city or market, a.
j3U<Jk»-\ iktisdbt, m. the superintendant or
~ clerk of the market, a.
-,\JLl».\ ihtishdm, m. having many followers,
&C. ; pomp, retinue, magnificence, a.
.Oa!>-^ ihtikdr, in its literal sense signifies tlie
laying up of any thing ; and in the language of the
law, the purchasing of grain, or other necesraries of
life, and keeping them up, with a view of enlianciiig
the price, a.
A^)Js>-l ihtildm, in. nocturnal pollution, a.
I^^
20 )
J^"^
J^ijI»>^ ihtimdl, m. act of bearing or support-
ing ; doubt, uncertainty ; probability, ihitimal-h, to be
^ probable. iJftimal-k, to doubt, to impute, a.
^\^xo-\ ihtimalan, probably, very likely, a.
^\.J^\ ihlimaUy probable, conjectural, a.
— .Lj[>-\ ihtiyaj, m. necessity, want, occasion,
need; plur. »?i(tyo/a<, requisite things, wanta. a.
IsUJitf*.^ ihtiyat, caution, circumspection, fore-
sight, scrupulousness ; i^tiydt se or i^tiyatan, carefully,
cautiously, a. [mares, a.
jltf?" ahjdr (plur. o^ j^J, stones j brood
iJ^\ ahad, unity, one, an individual, ahadu-
t-tarafain or ahadu-l-mutakluisimain . in law, denotes one
of the two parties concerned in a suit.
U^^ti>s>-\ ihdas, m. act of making or producing
any thing new ; a novelty, a rare invention, a.
(_f<^»-\ ahadi, a species of military corps (in
"India), a.
iJLj^,i^a>'\ahadly at, f .nmiy , concord, alliance, a.
j^^ ahrar (pi. of ^), the noble, the free
bom. a. [fire. a.
jjU>-\ ikrak, m. act of burning, or setting on
jX>'^ ihram, m. act of forbidding or inter-
dicting; determination or resolution. At a certain
distance from Mecca the pilgrims interdict themselves
from all worldly enjoyments, &c. : here their resolution
is fixed to complete the pilgrimage, and hence the
word means the resolution or intention then formed.
It also signifies a mean dress, worn by pilgrims on
visiting Mecca or Medina ; also, the act of putting on
such a dress; also the period of the pilgrimage, itiram
bandhna, to make one's vows as a pilgrim, a.
j»jUs».^ ahzan (pi. of (o}*-)> grievances, sor-
rows, a.
^U<«»-\ ihsan, m. benevolence, benevolent ac-
tions, beneficence, benefits, favour, courtesy, kindness.
ilf.san-k, to oblige, a. [mandi, gratitude, a.
i^i^L-a».^ ihsan-mand, obliged, grateful, ihsan-
<.,«*>-^ dfisan, better, more beautiful, more ex-
cellent, more agreeable, a^an-cdlahu, may God be
gracious, a^santa, bravo, well done, a,
Ll»-\ ahsha (pi. of \-S;->-), the contents of the
thorax or chest, a.
Jj^\ ahsham (pi. of (•-i«>-), servants, re-
tinue ; a. kind of militia or armed police, ahsham
dcfftar, the muster-roll of militia, &c. a^shdm-daftar-
dar, the militia accountant. alisham-ja,cgtr, an assign-
ment of revenue for the support of irregular troops or
local militia, a.
La>'\ ihxd, numbering, reckoning. Id-iksa,
innumerable, beyond calcalation. a.
^j.La>'l ihsdn, restraining, circumscribing, a.
Xta»-\ ihzdr, m. act of making to appear, or
of calling, a summoiu. a. [serving, a.
^Si»'\ ahahh, comp. more proper, more de-
;\il>-^ ihhdh, m. act of proving or establish-
ing the truth of a doctrine, restoring to rights, admi-
nistration of Justice, a.
Rs».^ ahhar, more or most contemptible (a self-
humiliitoryexpreaion). a.
f/&j-\ ahkdm (pi. of j»X>-), orders, commands,
decrees or decisions (of the government or of a judge).
alfkdm-naTna, written orders, a.
^o^\ ahkdmt, one who is ordered or ap
"pointed by the ruling powers: such is the aikivn
zamtnddr a.
*X!>.^ ahkam, stronger, firmer, more stable, a.
iX^\ ahmad, comp. more or most commend-
able, or praiseworthy ; the name of Muhammad and
others, ahmad^mahmud, a term applied in law to two
persons who have combined to defraud a third, a.
{j-iX?*^ ahmadi, of or belonging to Ahmad;
name of a gold coin. a.
t5b\i^.?'\ ahmaddbdd, name of a city in Gujrat,
and of another in the Dakkhan ; the latter called also
a^mad-Tiagar. a. p.
J^\ aJimar, red, gold, barbarous, a.
/i^\ ahmali, a blockhead, most foolish, ahinak
ki dum (d.), a fool. a.
^^\siJ^\ ahmahdpan, m. folly, stupidity, a.h.
isi!^sU^\ ahmakdna, foolishly, stupidly; figu-
ratively, it is applied to money which an 'amil ia
obliged to pay, to make good the deficiency of the
revenue, a. p.
^^.J^\ ahmak-pan, folly, stupidity (same as
a^mdkdpan). a. h,
iiLj*\ ahmalit, f. folly, stupidity, a.
Jl^\ ahwdl, m. condition, circumstances,
events, occurrences, state, account ; a report of the
particulars of an affair, or of the condition of a thing
or person, ahwdl batldnd, to state one's condition.
alfwdl-purs or -pursdn, one who inquires after ano-
ther's health. al,iwdl-pursi, inquiry after health, cir-
cumstances, &C. a. [double, a.
Jk>-\ ahrvalf squinting, one who sees objects
L»-\ ahyd (pi. of (_^), living things, ihyd,
m. act of giving life, saving, preserving, iliya-l-mawdt,
lit. reviving of the dead, applied to the process of
bringing waste land into cultivation, o.
Ulp-^ ahydnan, sometimes, now and then,
from time to time ; in the event, in case, should, a.
^\ akh, a brother ; ukh, inter, sound of cough-
ing; nM-«M, an exclamation of joy. a.
\^\ ahhMd, nn exclamation of surprise, a.
jUi-^ akhbdr (pi. ofjc»-), news, a newspaper.
akhbdr-nawrt, a writer of news, an appointed intelli-
gencer, such as " our own correspondent." iJiJibdr,
m. act of giving intelligence or information, a.
«^,a»-\ akhhas,verj impure or contemptible, a.
•^}^\ uMpctM., ni. understanding, wisdom, in-
^telligence. p,
Oc»- WMf, f. a sister; adj. similar, congenial, a.
Jdjii^S ikhfitom, m. completion, fulfilment,
' finishing, a.
\ akhtar, m. a star, constellation ; good
fortune, good omen, horoscope, akjitar-shumdr, an
astrologer. aJshfar-shumari, the calculation of one's
horoscope, p.
:^\
( 21 )
\j]
e^yL*-^ ikhtird', m. invention, inventing, dis-
covering, faocying. a.
t\*flus^\ ikhtisar, m. abridgment, act of con-
tracting, reducing, curtailing, a. [tion. a.
;_>o'w.aus>-\ ikhtisds, m. peculiarity, appropria-
\a:is>-\ ikhtifa, m. act of hiding, concealing,
covering, a.
]oyC^\ ikhtilat, m. friendship, intercourse,
conversation; act of mixing; mixture, concision, a,
( — J>li»-\ ikhtilaf, m. ditference of opinion,
opposition, discord, disagi-eement, misunderstanding
between friends, coolness ; pi. ikhtilafat. a.
ikhtilal, rn. interruption, obstacle, a.
*I^! ahhta, also akhta, (literally, castrated)
a gelding, akhta-murgh. a capon, p.
jOlIi-i ihhtij/dr, m. authority, power, will,
choice, option, election, ikjitiyar men JionS, to be in
the power of, or dependant on. ikhtiydr-k, to approve of,
to adopt, to choose. iMitiydr-ndma. m. a power of at-
torney, a.
i^J<s^\ ikhtiyari, f. approbation, choice, au-
thority, power; adj. in one's power; subject to elec-
tion, at one's disposal, ikhiiydrl sulh, in law, an op-
tional compromise, ikhtiydri-zab^, the killing of an
animal for food by cutting its throat, as is done by
Jews and Moslems, a.
i^\ akhz, f. objection, cavil, hostility ; taking,
seizing, intercepting, akhz-k. to seize, assume, accept, a.
ji>- 1 dkhir, the last ; m. the end, issue; adv. at
last, finally, dkhir-ul-amr or akhlri kar, at the end,
finally, at last. d]chiri shab, the end of the night, before
dawn. dkJiiri sdl, the end of the revenue year. a.
—.1^1 ihhrdj, m. expulsion, turning out of
possession, eviction; expense or disbursement; pi.
ikkrdjdt (corrupted akharjat), expenses, disbursements ;
allowance for expenses, ikhrdjdti aurang, expenses
incurred in the manufacture, storing, and transporting
of salt and other goods, a.
0;9-1 dkhirat, f. futurity, a future state; the
world to come, in opposition to dunyd, the present
world, a.
^^^\ dkJiirash. at last, finally, after all. a. p.
JOj^^ W^rtfZ akhrot, m.Biwahmt. (The fruit
of the Aleurites triloba is also so called.) h.
{J[f^ ^ dkhiri, last, late, of or belonging to the
end, final or ultimate, dkhiri Jfisdb kharch, adjustment
of revenue at the end of the year, djcjhirl nikds, final
settlement of an account, a.
i^..j>- ) dkhir in, last or latest comers ; poste-
rity, dkhirin iarf, a decree of fate. d]s]iirln dam, the
last breath, a. [mean. a.
(j-»-\ akhasSf more avaricious, meaner, or very
i^jai>-\ akhass, On >re especial, more excellent, a.
laJ»-\ ikhfd, corcealineut Hlmi ikhfd. the art
of rendering one's self inviu'ille, like Jack the ^ant-
killer, or JEneaa it Cartilage a.
(jta>-\ aJthfash, one whc has weak eyes, one
who sees better by aigbt thai) by day. o.
jX>-i akhgar, m. live asbcF^ a spark of fire. p.
ra. tutor, preceptor, p.
(^jay^] ihMdf, m. affection, friendship, love.
ikhlds-k or rakhnd, to esteem, &c. ikhld^-mand, affdo-
tionate, friendly, a friend, ikhldsmondi, friendliness,
aflfection, sincerity, a.
l9>5»-f akJildt (pi. of la^), the humours of
the body of man and animals, akj^ti arba'a, the four
temperaments, a.
^j>>-i akhldk, m. (pi. of /^^), disposition,
the good properties of mankind ; ethics, morals, a.
J^-t^ c-khii-puldo, a kind of stew. d.
j»j|^l ikhwdn, ^ (plur. of j^l), brothers,
C->y»-\ ikhwat, J friends, companions.
ikhwdni zamdn, cotemporaries. a.
j^ I dkhor or dkhur, f. refuse, offals ; a
stable ; waste grass of the stable, p.
j^y*- 1 dkhon, master, lord, preceptor, d.
jj^ I dhhun, \
4i3^t dhhundA
(_f^\ akhawi, brotherly, fraternal, a.
us«.| akhyd (for i^\), m. a little brother, a.
jIjl5»-I ahhydr (pi. of ^^js^), the good, the ex-
cellent, a.
j^Us»-] a Jthy dfi, a brother or sister, by ihe
"same mother but different fathers, a.
j|C>' aJfhir, last; m. the (;nd, accomplishment,
completion, akhyar, better, best. o.
ij<5>-i alihiran, at last, in the end. a.
(il T^ ud (same as Tif ui), above, over. s.
til ^I^ ad (same as ddh or adK), half, s,
til '^n^dd, or '^tlf^ddif m. beginning; the
first, originally : as a termination to a Sanskrit word
it denotes " et cetera." s.
Itii add., f. blandishments, coquetry; dischai-ge,
payment, performance; voice, ada-k, to liquidate,
to pay. add-bandi, the fixing a period for the per-
formance of a contract, or payment by instalments.
add-fahm, one who understands by signs, a. p.
'til wr^cldd, m. ginger in the undried state, s.
L-->bl dddbf m. (pi. of <— ->«i\) etiquette, de-
voirs, ceremonies,politeness, forms of address in writing
and speaking, salutation, respects, a.
Oitil addt, f. a particle, in grammar; a tool
or utensil, a.
Obl <f^1W uddtta, m. the acute accent, a nigh
sharp tone ; gift, donation, a kind of musical instru-
ment, a large drum. s. [[beloved, s.
\jitil "5^^ udditd, liberal, generous, dearly
151*^1 ^^TTTf a-ddtd, also a-ddrii, avaricious,
stingy, s.
j\d\ ^^wcZar, liberal, generous, munificent, s.
^bl "T^^rfT uddrtd, f. liberality, generosity,
munificence, s.
^jti\i^\ g^TO udds, dejected, indifferent, sor-
ruwful ; lu. loneliness •, (in agriculture) a sickly crop. s.
)d\ ( 32
Lobi T^TTfT udasd,m.&cord worn as a shoulder
belt. d.
j^^^iil T^Wft udasl, f. dejection, sorrow,
)
.5)
solitude, loneliness; m. a class alfaHUrt or devoteefl;
adj. lonely, retired, dejected. «.
(^;Aa«U\ T^^riNf udastn, m. one who is com-
pletely detached from the world, whose family Is
unknown, and who has neither friend nor foe ; a class
of mendicants of the Panjab, an hermit, a misan-
thrope, a stoical, indi£E*erent person, an umpire, s,
&DL\<i\ adama-Uah, may God preserve (him
&c.) a.
^^\d\ '^^TW udan, m. one of the five vital airs,
that which rises np the throat and passes into the
head. s.
(^\«il ^TT^TT adan, m. taking, receipt, ac-
ceptance, adan-pradan m. giving and taking, s.
<JLJ\l!i\ "Sn^W ad-ant, adj. from first to
last, from beginning to end ; m. the beginning and
the end. s.
-^b\ ^T^T«ft a-dani, avaricious, stingy, s.
^^\C!^ adanl, (pi. of ^«3\) low, mean, or
contemptible people, a.
cL<J&\45\ ^^T^T udahat, "1 f. brown colour^
ij^^\ "^^T^ uda,t J brownness. s.
i^^\ii\ "gr^^^TU udaharan, m. an example, a
simile, a comparison, an opposite argument ; one of
the five modes of logical reasoning, s.
{^p{^\S\ ada,e dain m. payment of debt. a.
U-.'ji^ adab, m. act of preserving the boun-
daries of every thing ; good-breeding, politeness,
respect, urbanity, polite literature, adab-k, to respect,
to behave politely, a. [niin. a.
j\jd\ idbar, f. misfortune, ill-luck, adversity,
J&ii^4il "T^tn udbodh, m. recollection the re-
cognising of any thing, a.
^S\ adhich, among, in the midst, d.
C1a^i5^ ^ffrt adbhut, wonderful, admirable ;
m. surprise, astonishment a.
y^i^^ <JjJ*f udbhav, m. act of being born, of
springing up (as plants from seed), birth, produc-
tion. *. [names of Vishnu, s.
^_y*^.i3l ^ift^mc^ adi-purush, m. one of the
C->ii^ ^rf^rT aditi, f. the proper name of the
mother of the gods. s.
C^iii adit (for 'Wf^ aditya), m. a deity in
feneral ; a deity of a particular class. The fulityas are
2 in number, and are forms of the sun as distinct in
each montti ; the sun. dditya-bdr, Sunday, adit is also
met with in the same sense as ddik, et caetera. s.
Oii^ Vf^cf iidit, risen (as the sun), dis-
tinguished, shining (as valour, &c.). a.
t^S\ Vf^'^ a- datt a, not '^iv en. In Hindu law
it is applied to an illegal donation, consequently void
and resumablft. a.
^d\ ^nniT a-datta, not given in mairiage
(a fetnale). (.
{^yii\ adatri, hanging ; infirm, d.
^jjiiJJjii^ 4inirrtr|»tIH aditi-nandan, m. a deity,
i. e. a son of aditi. a.
ji>«i1 SHlH^rtl dditrva, m. priority, prec^
dence. s. [same as idityabdr. u
j^^iil ^nf^fil^TT dditya-wdr, m. Sunday,
«jL>j| ^TTf^^^ac?^Vya,m the sun, etc. Seeddit.s,
(Jl»-i3) idkhal, m. entering, introducing, a.
Je>i^i\ '3^f^ udadhi, m. the ocean, s.
jt>l '^^T ddar, m. respect, regard, act of
treating with attention and deference, politeneaa.
adar-mdn, reverence and honour, a.
jii\ "3^ udar, m. the belly. TJ udra, m.
an offer, (dakh) udar, that way ; adar, this way.
Jjii! ■Wl jj^l ddrd, f. the name of the sixth
lunar mansion (probably a Orionis) ; the beginnia|(
of the rainy season. *. [in another, a
_\j4i\ ididj, m. act of inserting one thing
j\.ii\ idrar, m. involuntary discharge of
urine ; hard rain, liberality, a.
(Cjjjijl idrari, a pension, allowance, a.
<^\,C)\ idrdh, m. understanding comprehen-
sion, a.
^_^^ii\ ^t^^THV udardmay, m. diarrhoea, dy-
"sentery. s. [worm. •
tiL«,.io,j\^ii^ "^^TT^^ itdardvesht, m. the tape-
-.Ljjti^ '^^jT^r^'^ udar-pisach, glutton,
voracious, one who devours every thing, one who hoa
the devil for his belly, s.
(^ji^^ a-dris for ^#^H a-drishya, 1 invi-
(j^Uji^^ '^^«T a-darsan or a-darshan,J sible,
unseen, s.
\Miji^\ ^«^<«i adarsa, m. a kind of very fine
muslin ; a kind of sweetmeat. A.
(,_)i*jtb^ ^^ a-darsh, 1 invisible, unseen;
cU.i»jii\ ^"rfl? a-drisht, J m. unforeseen
danger, fortune, fate. s.
{J*ijCi\ 'WT^^ m. a mirror; a commentary,
original manuscript ; a copy, a sign, a,
^^^^lil ^^*T a-darshan, m. disappearance J
adj. invisible. *.
LiJjiil ^T^oF adrah, m. ginger in an undried
state {Amomum-zinziher). a.
tj\^^ ^i<*l odraki, f. a kind of sweetmeat. A.
^^^\ T^f^ udarin ^ ^^^^^^ ^^
^jd\ "^tt udan J [honour. ».
^j^Ujti! W^miVf adar-mdn, m, respect and
(iiiil <J<ri<!jfl udarini, f. a pregnant woman. $,
»jjti^ Wjt^ a-droh, m. mildness, moderation,
the absence of tyrannjr* •
.ii\
( 23 )
jj&j .ii\ ^^^1' a-droht, innocuous, mild. s.
(jfjii^ ■^^Cl' udari, f. enlargement of tlie ab-
domen from dropsy or flatulency, adj. abdominal, s.
(j-J ,il idris, the Arabian name for the
prophet Enoch, a
cLi-iiil wf^¥ a-disht, m. misfortune, fate. s.
\fii^\ iddi'a, m. the act of demanding one's
right or just claims, a.
«aC'4i\ ad'iya (pi. of l^i>), salutations, con-
gratulations, compliments, prayers, blessings, a.
j^S'iS idgham, m. duplication of a letter by
' tashdld; coalescence of letters (in Arabic construc-
tion), a. [difficult, a.
^^\ adakk, more or very subtle, abstruse or
8^i^\ adahcha, m. a cover, a wrapper, p.
cilii^ 4^4) udah, va. water, s.
uiJjl adik, (for >Bjrv<* adhik), more, much. d.
d^d\ ^Rlf^ adik, relating to the beginning ;
(in comp.) and all the rest, et catera. s. [cause, s.
^^jOiil syin^«liK4t| adikaran, m. a primary
V^(5\ >N<{c|i^| adahcha, m. a cloth for
carrying things in ; a covering. See addf:cha.
^^^1 ^f^ftj^ ad-hhila, \ half open, half
*^^i^\ ^<4<l^^l ad-kholaj blown (flower,
8m5.). h.
j\id\ 4^11. udgar, m. vomiting; sound, s.
k^Ci\ "STSW udgat, vomited, cast up. s.
\j,^i^\ adgadra, m. fruit fully formed, but
unripe, d. [stake), h.
Uj^iil V^'l^^l ad-garha, half driven (as a
tlol^^ti^ ^llHSri udghatit, done with effort,
exerted ; opened, s.
^J>\^i^\ <J3l4«f udghatan, m. the rope and
bucket of a well, a leathern bucket for drawing wa-
ter ; an instrument for opening, a key, etc *.
J^V J«i^ ^!T^^R^ adl-badl, "j exchange,
^<^^<i\ ^^^T^^55T adlab-adla, > alteration.
jJiV^Jii^ ^(^«#1't'^<^T adli-hadU,] adl-hadU-h,
"to exchange, to swop or barter; to confuse, displace ;
also adla-badlt-k and adl ka badl-k. k.
e^ii\ adilla, (pi. of Jj3t>) proofs, indications, a.
Jt^\ adam, Adam, the first man ; also, a
man in the abstract, a.
iw5^ 'Vftpr uddim, m. endeavour, exertion,
profession, trade, calling, employment, t,
45U«i\ ^(^Ml^ udmad, m. lewdness, wanton-
ness. «.
^f «3Uii\ T^HT^ udmadi f. a paroxysm of lust ;
a4j. wanton, lewd. t.
jJ^ii^ f^ udumhar, m. the glomerous fig-
tree, or ^vl&v-itw {Fieiu glomerata). *■ seotofbrah-
half dead. h.
j^jt^\ adam-khur, or J^ hhnar, man-
devouring, a cannibaL a. p.
\j<id\ »K<^H^T ad-mara, ra. 1
(C^ii\ ^^JTCl' ad-mart, f. J
\yii^\ ^T^JTTT adamra, breathless, dead. d.
4i\jj«^l adam-zad or ddavi'Zada, descended
of Adam ; s. man, mankind, p,
jiA^il ddam-gar, humane, benevolent./?.
t«ji^4il adam-gari, f. humanity, becsvo-
lence. p.
\yci^\ ^^^ ad-mu,a, m. half-dead. h.
j^e j\ admi, a descendant of Adam j a
human being (man or woman), individoal, peofda. &
tlAX«iil adiniyat, f. humanity, civility ;
ddmlyat-k, to behave with humanity, adnuyat fm-
karria, to become civilized, admiyat sikhlana or ad-
iniyat men land, to civilize, admiyat ufh^dna, to be-
come savage, ferocious, and frantic, a.
^^li^ ^f^«T a-din, m. an unlucky day. .<.
\3(i\ adna, inferior, little, low, mean, a person
of no consequence, a.
jSSiiV adantar, also adantari (same as arkun),
pendulous, &c. d.
i^i^S ^V^ a-dand or ^1^ a-dwandj quiet,
tranquil, free from strife, s.
JOti\ ^^ adand, unpunished, m. impunity. »,
^^^\ adnq, see adna, little, &c. a.
jiil ^Hf^ adau, at first, in the beginning, t.
C^\jt^\ adawat (pi. of O^J^), particles in
grammar, a. [act of revolving, e.
.\j45\ admar (pi. of.jjJ), revolutions; idfeaVf
^^\jii\ 'Slf^'lItT adwan, 1 f. braces for
^j^jjtil ^^TXR adroayan,} tightening the
tape of a bedstead, h.
^\^ii\ ^^T? udvaha, m. marriage, s.
Ojti^ 'sr^^fT adot, without splendour, s.
&-!>j:5\ ^l"ifhT a-dwitlya, peerless, matchless,
unequalled ; only, without a second. *
(j?,jii^ ^^^ adauri, f. a kind of food eattia
by Hindus, h. [Umn. «.
jj^jjii^ '^^SW^ uduhhal, m. a gum resin, bdal-
^^jii^ ;jf^ i r( udvigna, perplexed, dejected,
anxious, troubled, s.
^j4>^ adwan, very mean, or wretched, a.
t>3jii\ Wgr?^ a-dwand, quiet, tranquil, free from
strife. «. [equalled. «.
C^.jii^ 'S?^ a-drvait, peerless, matchless, un-
(jS-ijii^ T^ a-dwesh, 1 harmless, not ma-
i^*^3'^^ V^ift a-dioeahij licious. *.
.M
( 24 )
cllfc^l
iZX^^d\ 'sll'l udveg, m. perturbation (espe-
tAaRy from pain), consternation, anxiety, perplexity,
exertion, care ; the fruit of tlie Areca catecliu, betel-
nut 9.
^_^J<^^ 'JsMI ndvegi, perplexed, anxious,
"perturbed, agitated.
R^jtii adwiya (pi. of Ijcj), medicines, a,
<Jbiii ^V^adhi, a particle denoting superiority ;
upon, over, above (the reverse of the particle apa). s.
^<i\ WI adha, down, downwards (the re-
verse of the particle ut). s.
Jbii\ ^ro adk, in composition denotes half; as,
adh-viu,a, half dead, s,
Jb(il ^Tfv adhi, m. mental a^jony, anxiety;
expectation, calamity ; a pledge, pawn ; location, fix-
ing, site, &c. ; engagement. «.
Uii I "snUT adha, half (in comp. adh, adh,ad). s.
JU^li1 >H1VH, ddhar,'] m. food, aliment, vic-
j\it>d\ 'STVIT adhdr, J tuals, nourishment, h.
jljbii^ '5^t: or T*rR nddhdr or udhar, m. debt
(especially not bearing interest), loan, trust; deduc-
tion, discharge, deliverance, raising up from any place
or state, s.
J<iii^\ W[xnj.ddhdr, m. a patron, supporter, one
on whom dependence is placed for assistance; com-
prehension, location ; a dike, a canal ; a basin lound
the foot of a tree. s.
injust, un-
ighteous,
wicked. «. [rate, to discharge. ».
Ujlj&«5\ 7VK»nor y^Uffl udhdrnS, a. to libe-
i^j^Ci\ wr^U^dd/iari (in compos.), an eater;
as, dudh-ddhdri, one vfho lives on milk, h,
j_^-*x»**li>4i\ ^SVT^rhrft adhd-sisi, 1 f. pain af-
^^A«tf'Jt»i^l iHmiHiitf) adhd-sisi, J fecting the
"half of the head, Aemicrania. $.
j^VfciJ) ^VIH adhdn, m. oils, unguents, h.
f^i^\ ^VTT ddhdn, m. pregnancy, concep-
tion ; a ceremony performed previous to conception
as conducive to it ; a pledge, a deposit, a surety, s.
tdbUj^l ^TTVlf'Rf ddhdnih, m. a ceremony
performed after cohabitation to procure or favour
conception, s. [duce in equal shares, a.
{^\jjabi^\ '^^m\\^adh-hatd,i, f. division of pro-
jvfc«i^ ^nr^R adh-bar, in the middle, h.
VjkJbii\ ddh-hagrd, half cleaned (as rice from
the husks), d. [pared, h.
li-JSji^ ^nTTTT adh-hand, half-made, half-pre-
jflK^Jfcii^ ^>I^^ adh-blck, in the middle, h.
i„^,^iii\ ^rf^ adhipOf m. king, master, or
ruler s,
jb Jb«i^ ^HTTR adh-pdyO, half a quarter, h.
C^^^dS ^SM^^adhpat, properly ^rfWlT ac?/it-
pati, m. prince, commander, r^o. *.
i(:«Jufci> I *nfymq ddhlpatya, m. sovereign ty,go-.
vernment; lordship, t.
«.iU^li>ii\ ^^f^cF adhdi'mik, ") unji
K> J6i5\ ^nrr^ adh-pakkd, half ripe. «.
Ci*i>i>^ TSif tiddhat, rude, arrogant, ill-be-
haved ; m. a king's wrestler. ».
(Cpfc«i^ adhatri (v. adatri), pendulous, &c.
J^(^\^ntadhar, low, inferior, vile, m. the lip,
the lower lip ; pudendum muliebre. t.
jfcii^ ^TTT ndhar, m. empty space, the space
between heaven and earth; adj. suspended, separate,
at a distance ; in the middle, h.
Jbti\ ^VT idhar, here, hither, this way. idhar
udhar, about, around, up and down, here and there, h.
JSiC>\'^l^udhar, there, thither, that way. k.
\^i\ ^Vn udhrd, opened, undone, unrolled
(as the seam in a garment, or thread which was rolled
up in a clue), h.
— Ufc*>^ HlflKN adhi-rdj, supreme ruler. «.
ftJ^jfciiT ^Tfvi.r3*C ddhirajpa, m. empire, su-
preme sway. s.
Jbii^ J6(i\ ^TTCSV^ idhar-udkar, this way and
that, on all sides, all around, h.
0^^<i\ ^wrnnr adhardmrit, m. the mois-
ture or nectar of the lips, *.
L^jJbii^ adharpand,m. (for adher-pand) middle
age, manhood, d. [a sort of doth, h,
\M»Jbd\ ^m^T^adharsdyTn. a half-piece of cloth,
*;J6«i\ ^^ a-dkarm, m. injustice, impiety;
sin, crime; adj. unjust, impious, adharm-chart, uo^
righteous, wicked, s, [crime. A*
\l^^*;Jb4i\ ^7V^«n adharm-pand, m. injustice,
bl«JJ^;i\ ^NvAill flfi?/irtr»iaia,f.unrighteoU8ness. J.
,^ijJ^JSidi\'^v![^adharmishth, very wicked, s,
(Vo^j\ ^ni'ff a-dharnii, unjust, sinful, cri-
"rainal. s.
jJbii^jc^ii^ adhare-adhar, separate, aside, d.
Ojfc*i\ udharnd (see udhernd), to undo, un-
ravel, d.
uiij6ti\ ^fVaK adhik, more, greater, abundant,
excessive, additional, augmented, adfiok, a half, a part
(less in use than adha or adh), s.
L:iXlbd\ "WS^ uddhak, m. asthma; act of gasp-
ing or panting ; plethora in the vessels of the head ;
headache, indigestion. *.
jOJSii\ '^ifvichK adhikdr, ra. possession, extent
of dominion, a kingdom ; the bearing of royal insignia,
authority, rule, privilege, inheritance. *.
jc, oJt>iilwfv*liT0arf/iiAa7"t,m. a proprietor,sove-
reign ruler, autocrat, an o\vner, one possessing autho-
rity (absolute or derived), right, title, or privilege |
one empowered, s. [increase, t,
\JW>4i\ ^fVnJT«n adhihdnd, a. to augment, to
i^o«*4i^ ^rftnifT^ adhikdjt, f. increase, aug-
mentation, abundance, supremacy, s.
jjLx!&»i^ ^V^inrr^ adh-kapdU, f. a pain af-
"fecting half the head; a nut of Areca, shaped like a
hemisphere (probably from two kernels being con-
tained in one shell) : to such a nut the virtue is as-
cribed oi' curing the disense of the same name, s.
uiiibiil
( 25 ;
Jbi^
U^i) ^fTJoFiTT adhikta, f. excess, addition, s.
\x^d\ ^ n<* ' ^ T adh-hachcha, m. adh-kachchl,
f. half ripe ; a kind of soil in SaharanpQr. h.
Sjsf^iUS ^ra«Jr'^^TT adh-kackra, m. adh-kachri,
f. half dressed (victuals). A.
j^(i\ 'srUelPC adh-kar, m. half the tax, or duty
of any kind, the other half being remitted, adh-kari,
f. an instalment of eight anas in the rupee, a.
OiSti\ '^(f%(^ adhikrit,m. asuperintendant,
an inspector of receipts and diflbursements, an auditor
of public accounts, s.
^^J^S\ "g fa gB A adhikarma, m. superinten-
' dence, supervision, government, adhikarma-krit, m.
a supervisor, s, [title, right, s.
fjSi>i\ 4fr*Tefil,T[I adhikaran, m. superiority,
ijSjt^] ^gnicp^ adh-kari, f. an instalment of
eight anas in the rapee, or half the government im-
post, h. [pronounced. A.
\.^d\ "^r^ltSft adh-haha, half spoken, half
auLW&ii I 'srfV'W adhikya, m. excess, an over-
plus, abundance, t.
\j>^Ci\ adh-gadra, half ripe (fruit, &c.). d.
jfiCi\ adham, a dark or dusky liorse, a.
^i^\ W^ adham, mean, vile, wretched, con-
' temptible. «.
^fciSl^ii^ ^a VM l VH adhamadham, extremely
mean or base. t.
^JJ^l^\ ^rfVjpRT^ adhimas, m. an intercalary
month, vrhich happens once in three years, when two
lunations occur within one solar month, s. — Hind.
Gram.
(«*i\^iil ^ftnrNl adhimans, m. fleshy ex-
crescence of the eye, cancer of the eye. s.
)j^Ci\ »HVHU adh-mara, ^
^^J^li\ "^(VHTm adh-maran, > half dead. s.
]^ii\ 'SWr^n adh-mu,a, J
j^ii^ '^^•T adhan, m. water set to boil for
the dressing of victuals, h.
j^fc^^ ^V«T a-dhan, poor, destitute, s.
ediifciiT 'Smif^ adfninik, recent, modern,
belonging to the present time. i.
llSokfctiT '^nvfrsBin adhunikta, f. recentness,
the being moderu novelty, i.
cl^i^^) W^ adhang, m. palsy affecting half
the body, hemiplegia, s.
^iJti^\ ^ ii fft adhangt, palsied, paralytic, s.
^jJ^^i) ^^ a-dham, poor, indigent, s.
j\^Ci\ wrfl? adh-war, half (generally ap-
plied to pieces of doth); a half-web. A.
j>ji>d\ xritKK. adhotar, f. a fine kind of
cloth, h.
\)ybCi\ ^Bnm adhura, half ready, unfinished,
half dressed ; immature (a foetus), adhSra-jSna, to
miscarry (a female), h.
(^j^i^\ ^nitft adhaufi, f. half a hide (of a
thick strong kind), h.
,.^xcj4>ii) ^sniftH^ adho-mukh, with the head
downwards (a posture used in the tapasyd or austeve
devotion of the Hindus) ; drooping the head (from
grief or shame), headlong, inverted, turned upside
down. s.
^jjy&ti) ^V^«T adhrvan, half of any thing, h.
\3►y^^^l ^rf^f^^ adhivinna, f. a superseded
wife. s.
3\Sy&«3l adhonad, half and half, nisju-nisfi. d.
td)Jltioy6iil ^pM^^frlcR adhivedanik, m.
dowry or alimony given to a wife who is superseded
by a second marriage, s,
^ii) ^f^ addlii, f. half of a damri (a
small coin) ; half a piece of cloth, h.
Lj&iil -^|U|1 adhya, division of produce be-
tween two parties in equal shares, one furnishing the
seed and the other the labour, h.
uii^.lAJ64il ^wrW«F or ^ttntfclf adhyapah or
adhyapaJc, m. a teacher, one who instructs in tlie
sacred Looks., s.
^^IjJfciil ^mm*f adhyapan, m. instructing,
* teaching the sacred books. *.
jljj&iil ^f^J^R adhiyar, m. a man who passes
half his time in one village and half in another: of
such a one it is said, adhiyar kartd hat, " he acts as
adhiyar." h.
,_5'.ljJ6 jl ^fVnn^ adhiyart, f. a half-share, k^
\3\jJ&iil ^UflHT or '5rf>|xiT»n adhyana or adhir
ydna, a. to halve, to divide, h.
(_^Ufc4il ^iflTO adhyaya, m. section, chapter. «,
,^^4^1 adhyachh, for ^BfUrej adhyahsh, m. a
master, superintendant, &c. ; a man of rank, s,
j06ii\ ^V^^ a-dhlr, confused, perplexed,
hasty, precipitate, irresolute, impatient, unsteady. *.
Xij^i\ "SJ^^TirT a-dhirata, f. impatience, per-
plexity, haste, precipitation, fickleness, unsteadiness,
confusion. «.
«j.^tiV ^^fhc«T a-dhlraj, m. perplexity, dis-
traction, unsteadiness ; adj. perplexed, distracted, un-
steady, impatient, feeble, irresolute ; also a-dhairj. s,
W rvfci>] SHijliMI a-dhhja, ^ perplexed, dis-
^.s-j^fciil ^>lh5ft a-dhtrji,} tracted. ^?^^
a-dhairjd, m. instability, want of firmness, s.
U^iil "3^T«n wrfAerna, to undo. Seeudherna.
JfAfciSi ^^ adher, middle-aged ; just past the
prime of life (applied most frequently to women). A.
JjJ&iil "gr^ udher, m. unravelling, unweav-
ing, udher-bun, perplexity, h.
Ibjjkfciil ssiy) jM«il adher-pand, m. the middle
period of life, manhood, mature age. h.
20
U^l
Gj^ii) g'VTJTT, udherna, ") to undo, un-
^^^•jij&ii! ^^^%Ti udhernaun,} ravel, h.
j^ijkJ&iii ^nfh5R adhhlirva?', m. an emperor,
a king paramount, s.
jji.Soj6jl ^tiT^ adhyahsh ra. a master, lord,
governor, superintendant. ».
^j;XjJ6ii) iSimfH adhyagni, property or settle-
ment given to a wife when superseded b^ a new
marriage on the part of the husband : it is given
during the marriage ceremony, over the nuptial fire. *.
^Lfc J "?rVQ5T fl(^/«?/a, m. half a^a?sa (a small
coin), amounting to 12^ dams or 4 damris. h.
^JjkJbtil ^Ti^*^ adheU, f. half a rupi ; also
a kind of measure used for corn ; also half a gold
mohur. h. [half-share, h.
\jdjj&;il ^ivfl^'n adheliya, a proprietor of a
jj^ii) or ^^Ai&iit ^vft«T or ^TVt«7 adldn or
adhin, submissive, obedient, obsequious, humble, do-
cile, dependent. *.
^jjfci^ ^snqrT adht/an(for adhyayan) m. study,
application, especially of the sacred books. 3.
Kij^d] ^>ft*TlTT or ^rrotcnrr adhinata,']f. sub-
(^Ijajkfcii 1 ^\ft*T»n^ adhinata,i, J mis-
sion, obedience, obsequiousness, servility, dependence, •
slavery. «.
jjjjfciil ^nift»ft adhtni, f. obsequiousness, ser-
"vility, submission; petition. «.
ijd\ '^'^ uday or udaya, m. dawn, sunrise,
ascent ; the east, in opposition to asta, the west, the
eastern mountain from behind which the sun is supposed
to rise; light, splendour ; prosperity, uday-h. to rise
(as the sun), uday-asta tak tumhara raj ho, may your
sway extend from the east to the west, s,
t^iil ^TIT adya, first initial, s. -[pity. s.
biil ^^^n a-daya, unfeeling, destitute of
Ou*»biil "^tn^ udayasta, from sun-rise to
8un-set, from east to west. s.
^^bt>l adyan, (pi. of ^^.ti), religions, religious
rites or ceremonies, a.
jjbii] "g^TR udyan, m. a royal pleasure-
ground, s.
i_^j;ii1 acZift, m. a teacher ; adj. courteous, a.
tl*A),«il 7|(^Br uddlpta, illuminated, s.
j^-^,tir '4i()M''^ uddipan, adj. exciting, inflam-
ing, as passion ; m. blazing, glowing, of a luminous
body. s.
tl.*^.iil "^rinr udyat, m. a section, a chapter;
adj. raised, held up; active, persevering, labouring di-
ligently and incessantly. ». [trace, t.
jjiJ.til "^1^ uddesh, m. a scope, a vestige, a
^jiJ.ti I ^^ adesh, m. an order, a command j
a salutation of Jogis ; in grammar, a lubstitute. s.
tib^iil adik, (same as adik or adhik),more. d,
^C>\ insnudyam, m. strenuous exertion, per-
severance, labour ; calling, trade. «.
^d\ adim, goats' leather perfumed, which
they bring from Arabia. Pers. the face. a.
(-l*Jo,ii| ^l^fff adyant, first and last, begin-
ning and end; adj. from first to last, from beginning
to end. s.
eoO'.ti! ddina, Friday, p.
0^.4il ^raftrf a-dyot, without splendour.
udyot, m. light, lustre.
^_$^^ ^^a\ ade-wade, m. procrastination, ade-
wade-k, to put off, to evade, to shuffle, d.
KlJ^,d\ T^ftTT udyog, ra. exertion, perseve-
rance, continued endeavour, s. [severing. «.
tS^>P^ Tsftift udyogi, active, laborious, per-
jpl T^irt uday I, prosperous, flourishing, s.
liil 4l||| adda,m. a stand or station where
porters &c. wait to be hired ; a stall, booth, shop. See.
dddd-ddr, a palki bearer or dak rtmner. v. Wilson. A,
j6\j'6\ ^TTTiT?^ adar-udar, ra. a ditch and
the mound of earth thrown up from it, forming thf
boundary of a field, h.
ff>i^ I 'Slli'yi. adambar, m. charge sounded
by musical instruments ; commencement ; pride, ar-
rogance ; anger, passion ; happiness, pleasure, t.
t— >jiil T5^ udup, m. a raft, a float. $.
Jjii) ^^55 a-dol, immoveable, unshaken, h.
ui3jfc(il ^l<J<* adhak, m. a measure of capa-
city (for dry measure), about 750 of our cubic inches. K
(il iz or l(il iza, when, lo, behold, aza, vexa-
tion, injury, a.
jl(ii azar or azar, name of one of the Chal-
dean months, nearly corresponding to onr March ;
azart, vernal, a.
f^Ci\azan,i.ihe summons to prayers,generally
proclaimed from the minars or towers of a mosque, a,
tibil uzbak (fem. uzhaknt)^ an Uzbek, or
one of the Tartar tribe so called, p.
jh\ azur, m. fire; the name of Abraham's
father (Terah) ; the ninth solar month, p.
^^ .jl azarin m. camomile flower, ox-eye. p.
jjl^iil izan, m. obedience, submission; con-
fidence, belief, a.
«j>(il azuha, or azuka, m. food, nourishment, jo.
.\^il azkar, (pi. of jii) praises of God.
tjArar, remembering, praising (Ckxi). a.
U^il azkiya, (pi. of ^^'i) people of pene-
tration and understanding ; the acate, the ingenious, a.
Jiil azaU, base, most vile, abject, a.
jjil izn or azn, m. permission ; dismission.
os^R, chanting the Jcurtan ; hearing, a.
Mjil azuka or azuha, m. food. p.
jj^lfci) aZfhdn (pi. of ^jfri), geniuses, intel-
lects, capacities, a.
!'d\
( 27 )
Oj
dO^i aziyat, f. wanton injury, oppression,
distress, vexation, a,
J I dr, (r. of arvai'dan) bring thou ; used in
comp. ; as, bar-dr, fruit-bringing, fertile, p.
j\ ^IRar, f. a goad, a kind of ladle; the ar-
tificial spur of a game cock. h.
jl ar, if; (contraction for j^l agar), p.
j\ "3T ur, m. the breast, ur-l. to embrace, to
caress, •g^ uru, f. the upper part of the thigh;
adj. large, great, ample, "^f^ari, a foe. s.
y ^T^«rw, (sameasjjl), and, more, again, h.
\j\ ^VJard, m. a saw; a shoemaker's knife or
^wl ; the name of a district, Arrab in Shahabad. h.
Jjl dra, or ard,e, in composition, denotes
adorning; as, joAajj-ara, world-adorning, p.
iOtjl araba, m. a wheeled carriage, gun-car-
riage, &c., a cart. p.
Oljt ^Kifff drdti, m. an enemy, s.
\j\y ^tJZl arratd, m. a loud and prolonged
sound (as from the discharge of artillery, or the fall
of a building), h.
j^W^I drd-jdri, f. (for dnd-jdna), coming
and going, d. [(a country), s.
Cii»-\j^ 'StT'T^ a-rdjak, destitute of a king,
CL^d\j\ ira6?a^,1 m.desire,inclination, wish, pur-
iQ\j\ irada, J pose, design, plan,intention. a.
jofc«iM '?JTnV»T drddhan, m. worship, ado-
ration, supplication ; accomplishment, gratifying. *.
Ujfcti^jl -4IKIUHI (or ^STTTVTT) drddhna, a. to
worship, to adore, to serre, to accomplish ; f. service,
worship, adoration, s.
9>^i>\j\ WRHfl drddhya, worshipful, vene-
rable; name of a class of brahmans. s. [base. a.
iJ«bU arazt7(pl.of J<ij^),lowest, meanest, most
];U V<KI ardrd, m. marks of nails left after
scratching, h. [going, d.
(jjj\jM drdzdri, f. thoroughfare, coming and
Oyj^ arazil, lowest. See ardzil. a.
I.LjjM drdstagi, f. dressing, preparation,
"getting into order, regularity, ornament, p.
^^^jujjV! drdstan (r. ard or drdy), to adorn, p.
«ju*>\.l drdsta, prepared, dressed, adorned,
embellished, regular, decked out. p. [tions of land. a.
tjo\\ ardzl, (pl.of^_^\) lands, detached por-
C^iU irakat, f. spilling, pouring forth, piss-
ing, a. [grove, s.
j*M ^TTOT drdm, m. a pleasure-garden, a
j^j\ dram, m. ease, rest, Jiealth, relief, re-
' pose, dram-k, to rest, to repose, ardm-pand, to reco-
ver, drdm-talah, idle, slothful, a lover of ease, drdm-
giriftan, to become quiet, to take it easy. /;.
SOvo\.t araingdh, also aram-gdh,f. a resting-
place, a bedchamber, firdaus-drdmgdh, resting in para-
dise, an epithet applied to Muhammad Shah of Delhi, p
^\.\ ardmil, (pi. of &i/«j^), widows ; dis-
tressed, poor, in want of victuals (females), a.
i^\\ drdmi,a, lover of ease, idle, slothful, p.
iSXfoV] drdmlda, (also drarmda), at ease,
tranquil, p.
\i\\ ^tTrTT arrdnd, n. to produce a continued
sound, as a mill (imitated from the sound), h.
[J^y\ drdyish, f. embellishment, ornament,
equipage, preparation, dressing; in dakh. artificial
flowers, trees. &c., made of talk and tinsel, d.
L_,i^\ ^S^ ai'h, one hundred millions. ar&-
kharb, innumerable, s.
L-->l>,l a7'bdb (pi. of »— ->j), possessors, lords,
masters, arbdbijdh, possessed of dignity, arbdbi-
sukhan, eloquent persons, poets, arbdbi-nishdt, dancers
and musicians, arbdbi-himmat, men of high spirit.
arbdbi-mdl, officers of the treasury, arbdbi shar', law-
officers, arbdhi ma'nl, spiritual persons. A.
t:i3b,\ ^rttflF ayhdk, low, vile; adv. at first,
formerly, s.
<^y S!|*l<^ arbud, one hundred millions, s.
\f^j\ "^T^Tl urbard, f. fertile land or soil. s.
UIJjI ^R^T»n arbardnd, n. to hurry, to be
confused, perplexed, agitated, h.
^«-J,l T^'^f^ urbasi, name of an apsard, or
"female dancer in the court of Indra ; an ornament
worn on the breast. 3.
xij] arha , four, (also arba'a). a.
^^y^^ arbaun and ^^ajOj^ arha,tn, forty, a.
JjjT ^n^^ drbal, f. age, duration of life. s.
jJo.1 ^tN^ arbind, m. the lotus {nymphcea
nelumho), s.
cil^J,^ '^'^arbhah, m. a 8on,a child,a pupil, s.
(^ ,1 ^^7!T arpan, m. an offering, the making
an ofTering ; delivering, entrusting, arpan-k, to pre-
sent an offering, to deliver, entrust, arpan-ndma, m. a
deed of gift, especially to a temple or idol. s. [s.
U.).! ^snt^TfTT aropnd, a. to present an offering.
C-Jjl arat, (corruption for arth, q. v.). d.
O,! ^{TTjt ov ^TW drat tiiid drta, grieved,
afflicted, disturbed, confounded, drti, f. pain, dis-
tress, s.
I5j! ^ron di'td, m. a ceremony attending
marriage. When the bridegroom first comes to the
house of the bride he is received by her relations, who
present to him, and move circularly round his head, a
platter, painted and divided into several compart-
ments : in the middle of it is a lamp made of flour, till-
ed with ghi, and having several wicks lighted, h.
laljjjl irlibdt, m. friendship, connection, a.
Jl^l irtihdl, m. death; act of marching or
travelling, a.
o,t
( 28 )
>Aj\
litiiSjt irtidadfta. apostasy, recantation; refus-
ing, opposing, a. [a distinguisliing mark. a.
jX^Ji irtisam, m. plan, painting, writing;
li^jl irtisha, accepting a bribe, (a judge) j
htihery, corruption, a.
(,j*»\jOj\ irii'ds, 1m. tremor, trembling, tre-
(^\fOj\ irttash,) pidation. a.
cUjj) irtifa, m. elevation, exaltation, ascent,
height, grandeur prosperity, a.
L-.>K!>ji irtihab, m. perpetration or commis-
sion (of a crime) ; commencement or undertal^ing of
an enterprise, a.
^^1 V^<$l artald, m. a patron, protector, h.
yiy TUt wiu, m. crimpling, plaits (as of
clothes). urlU'gar, a crinipler or plaiter. h.
«^I^H^ari/i,m.interpretation,definition, mean-
ing, signification, sense, acceptation; intention, de-
sign ; request, begging ; riches ; cause, sake, tapasyarth,
for devotion's sake, for devotional purposes, s.
CJ^J^ '(R^nr arthat, videlicet, namely, s.
j^l^l irtihan, m. act of receiving any article
as a pledge ; a hostage, a. [}^S' '*
J>^^^ ^f^J*in. arthantar, m. another mean-
^Sui ^j\ ^^f^T^S ariha-siddhi, f. success, s.
JL*XJm ^j\ ^^^n^ artha-shdstra, m ^he
science which teaches how to obtain things, as friends,
money, or any other object, s.
j_y4^l ygyff arthl, supplicating, desirous, hav-
ing an object to accomplish, self-interested, designing ;
m. a petitioner. *.
^_^l S5r«ff arthl, f. a bier. h.
44^^ ^^ff^IT arthiya, m. a protege, client,
person recommended ; a client, agent, broker, h.
^_^j\ ^\lj(\ artt, f. a ceremony performed
in adoration of the gods, by moving circularly round
the head of the image a platter containing a burning
lamp with several wicks, s.
i.l.>j\ irs, heritage, inheritance, a.
-.ji arj, worth, respect, honour, j),
•^j\ 'ilTTSf or md^ ^raj, or;, respectable, reve
rential, honourable, t. [tuting. a.
cl*-.l irja\ changing, returning, or substi-
Jja-j^ arjaly a horse with one white fore
foot ; a large or tall man. a. [py, blessed, p.
6j-.^j\ arj-mand, beloved, dear, noble ; hap-.
i^i\ ^^»I arjan, m. act of gathering toge-
ther ; acquisition. «.
^^s^.l ^#«T arjun, m. the name of a hero in
the Mahabharai, the third son of Panda ; the name of
a tree {Terminalia alata glabray $.
U»^^ ^M^fi l arjana, to gain, gather, to ac-
quire, s.
^j^j^ H I <.H>;»i l arajhna, n. to be ravelled or
entangled (aa thread or hwr ; met. the heart) t to be
bound (as in fetters) ; a. to quarrel without a Cvue,
or unreasonably, h,
^j\ ^r^f% aruchi, f. sickness at stomach;
nausea; aversion, dislike, want of appetite, disgust
^f*^ archi, m. flame, light, splendour, s.
rcha, \ f. devotion, adoration ;
^JT^T archaj an image, s.
' yHp^fl archit, worshipped, adored. ».
W.T
J'
cdls^l'S^arc/ia^, adj. worshipping j m. a
worshipper, an adorer, s.
Ijks^l ^»n archana, a. to worship, to adore,
to honour, to treat with ceremony; £. worship,
homage, t.
*Ujl arham (pi. of ^j), wombs, matrices;
relations by the mother's side, uterine kindred, a.
^j\ arham, more or very merciful, arham-
' -ur-ra1}imin, the most merciful of the merciful, an at-
tribute of God. a.
M^ (^ ^J i'''Ma,e Hnan^ m. act of loosening
the reins ; uumliness. a.
ji^l "3^ urd, ") m. a kind of vetch (dolichcs
^dj\ "^ urdh,) pilosus). h.
dj[ ard, m. flour, meal, ard, anger, rage, p,
^Juoliijl "3^%n»rt urdabeyni, f. an armed fe-
" male for attending the ladies of a royal harem. A.
(^_j»»l4>,l ^ifr^ ardas, f. representation, offer-
ing to a deity, h. [meal. h.
IjltS.) ^{^Hl ardarod, m. coarsely-ground
C.^^dji urdibihisht, name of one of the
Persian months, April, p.
j^yl t|[ urdra, m. an otter, s.
jiijl ^?T^ drdra, wet, moist, damp. s.
\jiiA ^tJ^ drdrd, f. name of the sixth lunar
mansion ; same as ddra. s,
uiJj4>,T ^"^oir dfdrak, m. ginger in the un-
dried state, s.
^jw*ii,l ardshir, name of several of the Persian
kings; Artaxerxes. p.
j(i.l Urdu, m. an army, a camp; a market.
urdu,i mu'nlla, the royal camp or armv (generally
means the city of Dilili or ShahjaiMnabdd ; and urdii.i
mu'alla Id zahan, the court language). This terra «
very commonly applied to the HindQstanl language as
spoken by tlic ^lusalman population of India proper, t.
^ii,l ^Ir arddha, the half of any thing, s.
Jbdj] TW urdh, m. (the same as urd), a kind
of vetch. //.
(iA^^Jfc'^t '^mn ardha-hhdg, m. a half.
j,^Jj>'J»iiJ^'^%;'^^ardha-chandra,xa.VL crescent,
a half-mtK)ti, a semi-circle. *•
J^^^
( 29 )
V
li^^iijl ^rfr^ ardhang, m. half the body,
palsy affecting one side, or half the body, upper or
lower, hemiplegia, s.
^J3\i>ii^ ^Ill^O ardhangi, a person afflicted
"with the above disease ; f. a wife. s.
Jl^i^s^^i.^^^■«^'5a?•£idAa-cAa«^ra,In.ac^e6cent,
a half moon. s.
i3lj>(y) ^J<K ardha-ratra, f. midnight, s.
tf-^tijl "^T urdhang (also urdhag), m. a
disease occasioned by the mounting of wind upwards ;
flatulency, s,
t^iij! Mrc^i, f. the first month in autumn, p.
J^iijl ar^aZ (pi. of Jij), little, mean (people);
the vulgar (properly the refuse of any thing), a.
(J(i,i arzal, most mean, vile, ignoble, a.
lilvjl ararana, n. to scream out. d.
\y arz, m. price, value; quantity; esteem,
veneration ; honour, arz-i-bazdr, price current, mar-
ket price, arz-i-irsal, invoice, particulars of the des-
patch of treasure, &c. p.
jj] aruz or aruzz, also «r2, m. rice. a.
^jh.) arzak (pi. of ^jj.), riches, possessions, a.
jjhj] arzan, cheap, abundant, p.
,j,ljjl arzaiii, f. cheapness ; abundance of pro-
" visions, arzdm-rakhna, or (p.) arzan? dashtan, to pre-
sent, give gratuitously, p.
^jjl flrza/^ (corruptly for azrah), blue, azure,
cerulean; having cat's eyes. ar«oi-cAas/jm, blue- eyed,
cat-eyed. a.
^^jj\ arzan, m. millet-seed ; (Hind, china), p.
jjj\ arzu, f. wish, desire; hope, want, dis-
tress, p. [longing, p.
ii^jjA arzu-mand, also arzu-kash, desirous,
(_j-i^i<«.J . 1 arzumandi or arzu-kashi, f. eager
desire, wishing, anxiety, p.
^i3^jl arzidan, to be worth ; to suit. p.
y>\\ arziz, f. tin, base or light money, p.
i.^^jY arzhang, m. the house and gallery of
Mdni, a celebrated painter, p.
(^jl ^PCTT a-ras, without juice, sapless, taste-
less, dull, flat (as a composition). *.
(^_)*>.\ ^T^^ arus, m. name of a medicinal
plant or tree {justicia adhatoda and gandarussa). s.
(j*»jl ^nrw aras, m. weakness, laziness, in-
activity, t.
(j**j\ iris or irs (v. irsi), an axletree. <Z.
jjl*«>jt irsal, ra. mission ; act of sending, espe-
cially a writing, letter, &c. : in revenue language it
denotes monthly collections of rents, Ikx:., forwarded
to head- quarters by the subordinate revenue autho-
rities, irsdl-nama, m. an invoice of goods or rents, &c,
forwarded as above, a.
L>irvO**j^ ^f^^cirs-pars, m. partial bathing
(thnjwing a very little water on the head with one's
hand, instead of bathing), sprinkling or aspersion ; act
oi touch iug. A.
^J^j\ ^*.«gi arsattd, m. guess, conjecture,
valuation, appraisement; a mediator, a broker; a
monthly treasury account of receipts and disburse-
ments made up from the daily entries, arsattd-navls,
the clerk who keeps the montnly accounts, h.
,4ju»»,1 arsath, m. a monthly account (of re-
venue), h.
^j«A5ll2k***jl aristataUs,'\ the Grecian philo-
ya*o,\ arisfu, J sopher Aristotle, g.
j^>*o,l arslan, a lion; a man's surname;
name or epithet of several Persian kings, t.
^_^| irsi, f. the axle of a wheel, d.
j_^l ^?TT^ arast, weak, lazy, indolent, in-
" active, s.
j_^l ^itTTor '4JK^ arsi, f. a mirror (but
-particularly applied to a mirror on the thumb), h.
^^ L^^^' ^^^^^»n arsile-naina, with weak
eyes'; with eyes as if just awake, h.
*i«*;1 ^TRW arasya, m. insipidity, want of
flavour or spirit, t.
(3u^l irshad, m. command, order. It is fre-
quently used by an inferior as a respectful interroga-
tion, in the sense of " What is your will or pleasure V a.
L>^-L>^' ^'^'V^ cirsh-parsh,m. partial bath-
ing (throwing a little water on the head vnth one'a
hand), sprinkling, aspersion ; act of touching, s.
cl^^i '^ftS arisht, ra. garlick, the nimb tree
{melia azad-diiaclita); a crow; good fortune; mis-
. fortune, sign of death. *.
4Jwi>jl arshud, more or most upright, most tena-
cious of the right way ; a person who explains orders,
commands, &c, particularly of the deity, a.
(jkiji arz, f. the earth ; a portion of land ;
^T. ardzl, lands, a.
j_^.l arzi, terrestrial, earthly, mundane, a.
JUj,) artal (pi. of jjl?, fall), m. a measure
of weight so called (about a pound), a.
jj^iffjl a rgh anuii (Op'^avov)^ m. an organ, g.
u!^' ^'f'dhfl'f^an, m. a plant whose flowers
and fruit are of a beautiful red {arbor Jxidce^e) ; a red
colour, p.
^I^Pjl argharvani, of a red colour, p.
slijl irfah, m. enjoyment of peace and the
pleasures of tranquillity ; bestowing afiQuence, comfort-
mg, cherishing, a.
(_>ai.\ arfaz, an obstinate heretic, particu-
larly a bigoted SliVa. a.
*jjl arfa', more or most high, sublime, a.
(•\^\ irham, m. act of writing, a.
{^^^ arhan, m. jaundice ; mildew, a.
ciki ^r^ arh, m. the sun ; name of a plant
(calatropus gigantea) swallow-wort. s.
^j\ ^T^cir aruk, m. a drug brought from
the hills, of cooling properties, s.
c1j\^\ ^^oifTT arhat, name of a city in tlie
Dakkhan ; Arcot. A.
^j\
( 80 )
3J^
(_y O;' WniTRft arhafi, m. a pilot. It is sup-
"posed they got this name from the only pilots for-
merly, in this part of the world, being in the service
of the Nawwdb of Arkat, which seems very probable
(Gilchrist's Naval Vocabulary) ; adj. belonging to Ar-
kat. arkdtl ruptya, an Arcot rupee, h.
{jJ**^y ^%r^»r arkashmariy m. a crystal
lens, a ruby. s.
jjOjl arhan, (pi. of f^J), pillars, arhani
daulat, nobles, grandees ; lit. pillars of state, a.
(j«*>oj' ^''^T^ arkans, m, a digit or twelfth
of the sun's disc. m.
CL/Sj\ W[TM arahta, red, blood-red. s.
CL^y WKWZ arkat, f. vigilance, activity, cle-
verness, ingenuity, h.
j^iiij^ ^*n»tT ark-din, m. a solar day. s.
il.)JlSj\ ^tJ'^A a-rakshitf unprotected, unde-
fended, s, [of the Ban. 8.
J3j«« Ld),l ^^HINcJi ark-mandal, m. the disc
J^3^l ^ar«Pni^ arkopal, m. the sun-stone, a
ruby ; a crystal lens. s.
;jijj Li) il ^c|^4 ark-varsh,m. a solar year. 5.
«i^l "JSTT urag, m. a snake, urag-sthan, m.
the infernal regions. «.
\Sj\ ynju arga, separate, apart, on one side. s.
\J\Sj] WT7TT«n argana, a. to separate, to put
on one side ; n. to be separated, s.
(jSj\ ^TTT^ arga,l, f. being silent, s.
U(sjl 'WTTnn argaja, m. the name of a per-
fume, of a yellowish colour, compounded of several
Wedients. h. [garments. &c.) h.
iJFj^ "W^Tift argaji, dyed with argaja, (as
jji^i ^^*ft argani, m. a rope stretched for
"drying clothes or similar purposes ; a wooden rod, or
bamboo, stretched horizontally, has the same name. h.
p^f W$ argku, m. libation, an oblation
of eight ingredients offered to a god or a brahman ;
act of pouring out water in honour of a deity, the sun,
moon, &c., while performing their worship, s.
1^1 ^er^ urgha, m. ii vessel shaped like a
boat, used by the Hindus in their devotiona, for per-
forming libation. ».
*^J^ ^icjJI urla, adj. hithermost, of this side. h.
M^ iram, m. name of a fabulous garden in
Araliia, paradise, a. [inclination, p.
j^U^l arman, m. desire, wish, longing, hope,
jj,l«)i armani, desirous, hopeful, p.
-^t^j \ "WIW aramhhfVa. beginning, prologue, s.
iU*.\ aramzdd, desirous, without resource, d.
^jU*j) armaghan, m. rarity, curiosity, pre-
sent ; a piece of money, p.
f^j\ urvian or irman, Armenia, armani,
also irmani or armantya, an Armenian, h.
^J^0^^ aramtdagan, (pi.) those at rest: the
dead. p.
fjSxc.'] aramidan, to be at rest, to repose, p,
Si^jt araymda, quiet, at ease. p.
(jj) ^n^amn, m. the sun ; the dawn of day j
a dark red colour, s.
^t 4li.Un arna, or arna hhainsa, m. a wild
buflfalo ; cow-dung found spontaneously dried in the
forests (used as fuel by the native apothecaries in the
preparation of medicines), h.
^j' MlAJ arna, 1 , . ,
i. - >-n. to stop, hesitate, h.
Wjl "^KHI arna,)
(C^i ^T^P^ aruna,i, f. the dawn, colour of
the dawn, a dark red colour, s.
L^j^ amah, m. a hare, a rabbit, a.
i,^j\ arinda or aranda, m. a porter, carrier, p.
<3o^l "WT^ arand, m. the tree from which
castor-oil is made (Ricinus vulgaris orPalma Ckristi). s.
iji^j\ ^If^ arandl,^. the fruit of the Ricinut
"vulgaris or Palma Christi ; a sort of fire-work. *.
^j\ ^T^ arnav, m. the sea, the ocean, s.
^y>.^J^ 'W^'Coftxj^S arunopal, m. a ruby. $.
{jii^j\ ^^^^^t^ arunoday,xa. the first appear-
"ance of the dawn. s.
^iji ^TTtlft ami, f. a female wild buffalo, h.
s^j\ ^rrnPI aranya, m. a forest, a wilderness.
aranya-sahha, f. a forost court, a court fopa community
of hermits, dranya-shashthi.f. a religious ceremony
observed by women. «.
— .ijjj^ arwah (pi. of _,•.), souls, spirits, a.
t—'jljl ^STTTt'? drop, m. a transmutation, a
change, s.
ull^.jjt ^MiCIPmh dropit, deposited, intrusted;
transformed, changed into, feigned. *.
^j^ji^t VilClMMI dropan, m. planting, s,
\jjj\ "^rfn urward, f. fertile soil, yielding
every kind of crop ; land in general, s.
^j^\\ ^l^d drurh, mounted on a horse or
any thing else, elevated, megh-driij-h, seated on a
cloud, s.
Ljj\ arogh, m. belch, eructation, p.
•2-^^^ ^^^ a-rog, 1 healthy, free from sick-
i^^j\ ^rcMt a-rogl,) ness. s.
aj^jj' ^iC^'^ o.rogya, m. health, freedom
from sickness; adj. healthy,(prop.a-rogi/a or a-rogitd), t.
i2\jj\ flMH arivan, m. the first cuttings of corn,
presented to the household gods. h. \nelumbo). s.
i^jj\ ^SHRf^T^ nrwind, m. lotus {nymphcea
IjjbiiJ. il ^I^V|r|| drundhnd, a. to strangle.
kanlii-drZndhan, m. strangulation, h.
{j^^j^ 'Wrd^ drohan,.m' rising, the grow- -
ing of new shoots ; ascent, staircase, ladder, s.
V
( 81 )
5J\
t^jj\ -^ImI anvt, f. a species of arum, the
root of which is used in food (called also ghoyaA
OTghuyan, and in Bengal, kachu. Arum colocasia). h.
uSyJ^ '^t «^""j^j ^- (corruptly for aruchi),
sickness at stomach, arising from pregnancy, h.
lj\ arra, f. a saw. arra-kash, a sawyer.
arra sir par chaldnd, to oppress any one, to commit
violence, sir par arre chal gaye tau bhi maddr maddr,
he has incurred punishment and disgrace, yet has not
reformed his manners, p.
8,1 ^rnc: m-a (for ara), m. a saw, &c. h.
iS^j\ ^^17 arhat, m. an engine for raising
water ; the same as rahat, h,
jSbj\ ^T^ arha7',f. a species of pulse (^Cytisus
cajan) ; called also tu,ar. h.
\SSbj\ TiTf ^ urihna, m. reproach, reproof, k.
CL*JSbj\ ^fnf arhant, m. a sugat, or follower
of the doctrines of Buddh. *.
fjj\ ^T^ aya,t, f. the root of Arum colocasia j
a goad at the end of a whip. h. [an awl. h.
^c^ ^n^ an, f. a small saw, a hand saw,
(_jj\ ^ are, a disrespectful mode of calling
"or address ; fem. art. s.
(jj\ art, yes, yea verily, p. [kind. h.
bjT ^kNt ai-lya, m. a plant of the gourd
t_-0 i) "3"^ or '^ft^ ureb or areb, f. compli-
cation, deception, m. guilt, h.
Ax>,j\ arebale, stratagem, deception, d.
tilo.l ^fir a-riti, f. ill-manners, impolite-
ness, incivility, ill-breeding, s.
(^j(jj\ are-re, alas, woe*s me. d.
eo .T W(^ diya, of a good family, respectable,
venerable, s.
JM WS, «r, f- a screen, shelter; a kind of
ladle used in sugar manufactories; protection; a
protector ; an horizontal line drawn across the fore-
head ; prevention, stop, hindrance, h.
IM dr, m. Stop, hindrance; hence the boun-
dary of a field kc. ar-gir, a strip of sward encora-
passing a field. A.
V\ ar, f. contention, objection, fault, contra-
riety, obstinacy, ar-fc, to stop, to be obstinate (as a
horse, h.
j\ ^JTfe dri, m. a bird, the Sarali {tardus
ginginianus). s.
\fi drd, oblique, crooked, across, transverse;
m. a prop, a shelter ; a large saw, a shoemaker's knife, h.
V3j»i\)=\ ard-dend, to abandon, give up. d.
VUl ardr, (also urdr) m. outhouses for cattle,
harvest floor for the blossoms of the mdhwa ; also
the steep bank of a pond or river, h.
!v\y1 WT1 S1 ardrd, m. high steep banks, of a
rivAT or tank, h.
(^•V,'i arafi, f. the measure of a field ori-
ginally established in a lease or grant to \v?iich the
occupant appeals in preference to an actual measure-
ment or adj ustment. 7*.
tiJ^-\ "^TToir wra/e, capable of flying, fledged. A.
UjUlji urd-mdrnd, to rob, to steal, d.
(jlj'l T3T«T urdn, f. act of flying, h.
olji'i TJnrr urdnd, a. to cause to fly ; to
spend extravagantly, dissipate, blow away, disperse,
filch, entice, urdnd purdnd, to squander, h.
>^H*' 'SITRT ardnd, a. to make to stop ; to
fasten one thing to another ; m. the name of a tune. /».
^^^'i '5'di'ed urdnchhu, m. flying away, dis-
appearing ; fraud, deceit, a deceitful stratagem ; en-
gine. /;. [rasol. h.
(^iP ^^rft arant, f. a large fan or pa-
j \j\ '^rrai urd,u, m. a spendthrift, an ex
travagant person. From ufdnd. h,
i^ \j\ ard,i (for j_f lJ^j|•0 two and a half. d.
Jl^'l arbdl, a very distant relative, a pre-
tended relative, d.
jij\ mj<4j arbar, m. words without mean-
ing; adj. uneven, rugged, afbaf haknd, a. to speak
inconsiderately, or without meaning ; to rave, to talk
absurdly, h. [tions. h.
t^-O^'i ^TT^ITT arbarang, m. foolish ac-
(Joj^Jji'l ^IT^pft arbarangi, inconsiderate, h.
lioJji ^^*5 arband, m. a cloth worn by
Hindus, passing from the waist, between the thighs,
and fastened behind, h.
V^i^'l <«IJM'J|T arbanga, crooked, uneven, h.
i-~>J\ TS^ urap, m. a raft, a float, s.
•— ^-^ (_J^=\ ^TT >K^ ar'ap-jharap, need,
necessity, arap-jharap men hand, to be hard up. /4.
(j^jJGj-l artdlis, forty-eight (for athtdlis). h.
uibvl urtak, m. housing of a saddle, d.
'^j\ ^ddc^'T artald, m. protection, shelter, h.
I^^j\ artuk, m. hindrance; adj. erring,
astray, d.
^J«JO^•\ artis, (for ath-tts) thirty-eight, k.
fC^j^ ^f^ arthi I m. a broker, agent,
U^j^ ^jj^j l arthyd J or salesman ; one
who conducts business on commission for a principal
at a distance ; a banker who grants and accepts billl
on other bankers or correspondents, h.
tilft-^-l urchak, a thief, robber, d.
\jis>-j\ "grT^r^rjT ur-chalnd, n. to walk with a
stately or affected gait. h.
fj^j\ archan or archin, light, uneasy.
aj-cham, f. lightness, d.
:>j\ urud, black grain, a kind of pulse, d.
B''
( 3« )
!i'
j_^^liij-* urddhegam (for urdahegant), f. an
"iirmed female. J.
Ijbjl arddma, mashed grain mixed with a
little oil and water given to horses, d.
1 jj^l ardandd, m. stop, impediment ; a
bolt, a bar (of a door &c.) ; a yoke for oxen ; adj.
athwart, awry. d. [horses, a.
fjj}i>j\ ardang, m. the rheumatism in
•5y» urdu, (for urdu) a camp, &c. d.
C0>\yj\ arzdt, a villain ; base-born. d.
\3^*\ arardnd, m. to lament aloud, to
shriek, d.
(j*»ji T2^ uras, m. the common bug. h.
\JLmj\ arsatd, and ^!L«y\, arsatagi f. laziness,
sloth, d. -
,^jL»ji arsath (for ath-sath) sixty-eight, d.
^jc\^j\ ar-zdmini, a counter security, or a
"surety for a surety, mutual responsibility, h. a.
sSs>'\9j\ ur-fdkhta, a fool, a simpleton, d.
QtJj\ arak, a surname, epithet, title, d.
^j\ arka, a small brass coin, the eight part
of a Madras fanam. d.
^/j\ ar-karnd, n. to stop, to hinder, h.
\__ ■— s»'t ar-kasb, m. following a trade (a
Hindu) difTerent from that of one's ancestors, d. a.
KJ^ji U**Ci (^TO^^'^^Td'^^) TO- lumber, worth-
less things, d. [firmament, s.
ijijt ▼3'TO urgan, pi. the stars j the stary
U->1«;m armdp, m. measure more than the
standard, d.
jo^^ arinaa, ra. deposit, pledge, security, d.
,J\juU^'\ armattydl, silly, indiscreet, foolish, d.
jjjVl TIH adj. flying, on the wing. s.
^j'1 Vyn Mma, n. to fly ; to soar. h.
jrA urnd, (same as urhna), to cover one's
self; to be clad. d.
V>j"\ ^"f»n «?wa, n. to stop, to hesitate, to be
restive (a horse), h.
UVt 1ilTT»n drnd, to afford shelter, to prop,
to support, h.
^'^j\ 9i«1HM ur-ndgan, f. a flying serpent
'^ ^agon. «.
«i^'^ 'St'l arang, f. a manufacturing town ;
a warehouse where goods are sold wholesale; the
place or d^pflt wliere goods of any kind are manu-
fiicturcd, whether a town or not. nil Ari arang, an in-
digo factory.
\C>j\ ^(pn urangd, m. a mode of wrestling
with feet ; an obstacle, h.
^ ^ST^«.r5, m. a peach, uru, much given
to vcnery (a male animal), as a stallion &c. kept far
procrciition. d.
ijj I W5^ arUfd, obstinate, perverse, mulish. A.
J'ljjj"! 'SrSTT? dr-rvdr, f. a prop ; obstacle; shel-
ter, adj. stopping, h.
ijj\ urud, m. a kind of vetch, black grain, d,
Wjj^ ^sn^ arusd, m. a medibinal plant
(Justicia adhenatoda and ganderusta).
0**jJriL)**J5j^ ^ftrnifiir aros-paros, m. neigh-
bourhood. h.
Jbj\ W:S arh, f. a kind of fish. h.
^j\ drh, in the dakhani dialect this word
denotes alternate, or an interval of a unit between
two measures of time or space ; as yak roz arh, every
alternate day. yak kos drh, every alternate kos. d.
UUfcj'l T2T«n urhdnd, a. to put on clothes, to
cause to clothe, t,
{J ^j\ ^<^\\ arhd,t, two and a half; when
used with a noun of number, twice and a half the agf«
gregate number ; f. a full gallop, h.
d*i6j'l ^T^ or 4<irl drftat, arhat, f. agencjt
commission, sale by commission, brokerage, h,
j^^j^ <Sd«(iM<. vrhak-par, a broach, a tilt, k-
O^tjLlj&j'^ <JSo(iCii<HI urhak-k, n. to seek, Of
cry for an absent person (applied only to a chOd). ht
UiJfcj-i 4(Sa|iT{l urhahnd, n. to be overset.
urhak-par, overset, a tilt. h.
^j\ 7^«il urhnd, n. to put on clothes, to be
clad or covered, t.
(j^'^ji Vd'l<1 urhangan, m. any thing placed
under a vessel to prevent it firom upsetting; a prop^
support, h.
Jyfcj'^ ^^M'^ arhrcal, m. a day-labourer, h,
OjJfcj-l "gr^tn urhaund, m. clothing, h.
jc^M ^^Z^ drhya, wealthy, rich, opulent. <•
Ujbj'l ■g't'^IT vrhaiyd, a wearer or putter on of
any drees. A.
Uj&^-^ ^%^T arhaiyd, m. a weight of two and
a half sers ; also u measure of the same capacity. \,
{j'j\ *S1i1 an, m. a protector, supporter, a
small saw or knife. A. [mode, h,
(^j\ ^TTTt dri, f. a tune, a kind of musical
^tt/j't ^7 or "Trt^T^ dre-dnd, or are-dnd,
to screen or shelter ; to be protected. A. [iah. A.
jj^'l ^^^ ^ry^i) obstinate, perverse, mul-
A^j\ ^^ arench oi' ^^ aratncA,al80 arainshf
£ enmity. A.
Ji az, from, by, than, with, out of. p.
j\ dz, f. avarice, p.
Sjjt dzdd, free, solitary ; a kind of fahir,
•who shaves his beard, eyelashes, and eyebrows, and
▼ows chastity, but considers himself exempt from all
the ceremonial observances of his religion. iizdd
Aama, a. to manumit ; set at liberty. /).
!;'
{
^^^^J\ azadagan (pi. of azada)^ those free
from worldly cares, religious men. p.
j^2>jT azadagi, 1 f. independence, release,
ij^\\\ azadi, J manumission, freedom. |>.
S^lj I azada, free, &c. v. azad. p.
;ijT azar, m. sickness, disorder, disease;
trouble, affliction, outrage, injury; used in composi-
tion as dil-azdr, injuring or outraging the heart, p.
ihl ?>ar, f. drawers, trousers, izar-hand, m.
the string with which drawers are tied, izar-bandi
rishta, connection through a wife ; petticoat interest.p.
i^M\ azar-dih, one who gives trouble or
injury, azar-diht, f. the act of troubling, p.
0?.\jl azart, a sick person, a patient, p.
ei\j\ tzala, m. removal, abolition; (in gram-
mar) the elision of a letter or vowel-point from a
word. a.
^1 j\ az-an, thence, therefore, az-ani, belong-
ing to. az-an-ja ki, for as much as. p.
j>\\ az-bar, by rote, by heart, by memory, p.
{^\j}j\ az-bara^\^on account of, for the sake
j^j] az-bahri J of. p.
Ojl az-pa, lit. from on one''s feet, az-pa dar
amadan, to fall into distress or trouble, p.
aWjj^ izdihdm, m. a crowd, a concourse, a.
jJ:^ azdar, worthy, proper, suitable ; some-
times improperly used for azhdar, a dragon, q. v. p.
{j^y^ azdari, f. worthiness, fitness, p.
^\^y} izdiyad, m. increase, addition, a.
^5jjT azurdagi, f. vexation, affliction, dis-
" pleasure, sorrow, grief, p.
^^^JT azurdan (r. azar), to vex, to grieve, p.
»>.:T azurda, afflicted, sad, dispirited, sor-
rowful, vexed, displeased, weary, azurda-khatir, or
azurda-dil, grieved in heart; vexed, offended, dis-
gusted, p. [beryl, a.
Jjj\ azrali, blue, blue-eyed ; pure, limpid ;
pj\\ azarm, modesty, mildness, p.
fjjjji az-ru,e, by reason of, in conse-
quence of. p.
e^\\ azulm or azuka, m. food, nourishment, p.
tiJ:y(-d3j\ uzah-tuzaJiy m. pomp, splendour;
the habits or fashions of a king ; the king's seal. t.
Jj\ azal, f. eternity without beginning, a.
CJ>j\ azallat, f. injustice, injury (suffered
without power of redress), oppression ; straits, famine,
scarcity. — Hunter. N.B. This word not in any Persian
or Arabic Dictionary to which we have had access, a.
^\\ azati, eternal without beginning, or from
"all eternity, a [nity. a.
LloJj\ azaUyatj f. existence from all eter-
38 ) UA
wojT azma, trying, trial (ased in <;oinp.). p.
^J^j^ azman (pi. of ^^Uj), times, seasons, a.
\3UjT azviana, a. to try, to prove, to examim*
to touch gold, &c. on the touchstone, h,
^j«>Ujl azmayish, If. trial, proof, exami
^^^y^j^ azmudagt,) nation ; in revenue
"language, it denotes an estimate of the crop while in
the field by an officer of government, azmayish-
gumashta or -mutasaddt, the officer who estimates th«
crop. p.
^u*5\ azmina (pi. of ^»)Uj), times, seasons, a.
{>)^y^j\ azmudan (r. azma), to try, test. p.
aycj\ azmuda, tried, proved, examined*
azmuda-kar, experienced in business, p.
^\jj\ azwaj (pi. of ^jj or »?-jjj), spouses,
vidves. a.
jj- jjjl azu-bazu (for as-pas), all around,
on all four sides, d.
eJjy azuka or azuka, m. food. p.
i^j^^j^ az-har-darBfOi d\\ sorts and kinds, p.
ji>j\ azhdar, ^
U.^J^ azhdarh-a, P' ^ ^^'^^ ^^'"P^"*' " ^'•^-
■ \^:^j\ azhdaha, J ^^"^ P'
CJ\Sbij\ azhdhat, m. bell-metal. azhdhatt,o{
or relating to bell-metal, s.
^^\ is and us, inflections ofyih and wuh,q.v.h.
^^\ ^iff asi, m. a sword, a scimitar, s.
(^\ ^^ ante, m. life, breath ; the five vital
breaths or airs of the body ; reflection, thought, or
the heart as the seat of it ; affection, s.
(_j»> 1 '^TF as, or Lj I ^^ dsd, f. hope, depen-
dence, confidence, trust, reliance, as, added to words,
signifies inclination, and asa, possessed of that incli-
nation, as from the root pi, drmk, piyas, thirst, and
piydsa, thirsty, s.
\tj»\ dsd (in composition), like, resembling;
soothing, tranquillizing, p.
«^l*»»\asa&r (pi. ofcjJu*»\), weeks, a
i^\^ asdtiza (pi. of iiljL»*>\), teachers, a
^{**»\ ^raTT a-sdth, addicted to evil com-
pany, s. [an unknown person, t,
^J^\ij»\ ^Wl^a-sdthi, an upstart, a stranger,
J&^1«*\ 'BnafTV or "^S^^TZ a-sddh, evil-minded,
thievish ; lazy, without desire or energy. «.
^iU*>^ ^T^TTO a-sddhu, unrighteous, immoral,
wicked, s.
iJij&iLo^ ^4J|V(rii a-sddhutd, f. wickedness, s.
ajj6iL«\ ^^nrn>0[ a-sddhya, weak, powerless ;
impossible, incurable. «.
u
( 84 )
lMi^
jV**»i IBin^ a-sar, sapless, pithless ; vain, un-
profitable ; hollow (like a reed) ; foolish, weak of
tmderstanding. *. [style, vestibule, h.
\j\m»\ iSmi} usara, m. a porch, portico, peri-
\3,li*»\ 94JK«1I usamd, a. to remove, put out
of place, h.
Jbj\*ji\ WTTT asarh, m. the name of a Hindu
solar month, during which the sun is in Gemini ; the
first month of the rainy season, and consequently of
cultivation, s.
^i)j\^\ W^T^t asarht, f. the full moon in
"asafh, also the harvest of asdfh. t.
^_j»>L*>^ asaSf f. foundation ; a pedestal, a.
i^\t*>\ 7um usas, m. breath, breathing, h.
Xy**>^\**i\ dVIUtfl usasna, n. to breathe, h.
iS^\ad»\ a-sa'at, f. an unlucky moment, h. a.
0^^\ ^rar^ a-sakh, without credit or re-
putation, h,
OI4S Li»^ *) 1 a-sakhat, ^ in the ab-
Ol-lA*i*U \ J a-sakshat,} sence of. s.
U»j\ ^TOT^ or^Tffmft a-sakhl, m. a false
s^'
witness, one whose evidence or testimony is inadmis-
sible, s. asdkhya, m. a want of testimony ; adj. with-
out credit or reputation, t.
j»l**>T dsdm, name of a province, Assam, h.
^^5-«V*<j\ ^snn<?^ a-sdmarth, weak, power-
less. «.
fjt>\j*i\ asdmt (pi. of ^\), names ; (for j_^^^)
a defendant (in a lawsuit) ; a tenant, renter, client ; a
person, or individual; f. office, place, appointment,
substitution of one person to do the duty of another ;
ex. ham apni asaml parfulane ho rakhjdte hain, I leave
such a one in charge of my duty. a.
.|,^Vmj\ crsami-war, including all the names
applied to revenue settlements made with the pro-
prietors in detail, a.
^U»J I dsdn, easy, convenient, commodious, p
\j\jji\ TPim nsdnd, a. to winnow, h.
\j\m»\ T^ST^ usdnnd, a. to boil, to cause to
boU. h.
^Im* I dsdni, "If. facility, easiness ; 6a-
i^lAJoUt)) dsdnii/at,j dsdnt, easily, p.
^Jjt>ij\jji\ WUmviH a-sdvadhdn, careless, in-
advertent, t.
CSj^^^ «WT^ or wnn^lft asdwari, dsdwari,
f.name of a ragint or musical mode ; a kind of pigeon ;
a kind of cotton cloth. «.
jJjImJ^ Udmaly m. a pursuivant, t.
CJ>^\J\ VIUIM'fl dsdwantj expectant, de-
pendent, t. [pitiful, h.
Cj^^\*ti\ ^W(^:*f( a-sdwant, fearful, unquiet,
fA)l*iaT dsdyish, f. rest, ease, tratiquillity, re-
po8«, quiet, indulgence, enjoyment, p.
I asb, m, a horse (properly c^Mi»l,q.T.).j^
u- .>U*o\ ashdh, m. (pi. ofc-.«>»«>) causes ; goods
and chattels, furniture, tools, apparatus, baggage. «.
)o\su»\ asbdt (pi. of lajk**>),the tribes of Israel, a,
JjfwJi asbaky past times, days of yore j most
excellent, surpassing, a.
c^fw»l usbu', m. a week (from xf-J seven), a.
ea^f«»^ inr^ a-sabhya, rude, unfit for society,
unpolite. *.
(--.**»»\ asp, a horse, p.
C->L**>\ ispdt, m. steel of a tough kind. h.
LJ**^L)**' ^^nrre ds-pds, m. vicinity, cir-
cumference ; adv. all around, on all sides, h.
<X««I WiW^dspad, m. place, footing, rank. s.
0^_^l is-par, upon this, hereupon, us-parj
thereupon, h.
,^j^^ ^?W^ (isparsi, palpable, tangible.
" The word is properly sparst, to which the alif (a) is
prefixed, to avoid the meeting of two quiescent conso*
nants in the beginning of a word, which cannot be
pronounced by the Persians and Arabs ; a-sparsl, in-
tangible (by prefixing the priv. a to sparst). s.
sj^J^jXtji] -iHM^lfii^ d-sparshami/a,\impu.ref
ikxZ»j^] '^W^Tf a-s])rishya, j not to
be touched, s.
^^y«j^\ isparmul, m. name of a plant said to
be an antidote to the bite of a snake {ArisMoekim
Indica). h.
^j*m\ ^JR'fT isprihd, f. inclination, desire. «.
ci^dS.<»jl ^OEiTF a-spashta, indistinct. 5.
JyL»*»»l ispaghul, m. seed of fleawort or plan-
tain {Plantago psyllium ?). p.
tiL***) aspak, f. bridge of a musical instru-
ment; a little horse, p.
iiJJu*»l ispand, m. a seed of the henna plant,
burnt at marriages, to drive away evil spirits. In like
manner it is burnt some days after a child is bom,
particularly at the door, to prevent demons, &c., from
entering. It is often mixed on these occasions with
mustard-seed, and hence has been confoimded with
it. p.
^^L^l ispahdn, or ^^l^i***) isfahdn, the capi-
tal of Persia (till very recently), p.
{juJ^(^\ ds-pis (v. ds-pds), all around, d.
\ W^nr a-sai (for asaiya, q.v.), unholy,
ungodly, non-existent, untrue, false, t,
^n^ast or asia, setting (as the sun, &c.).
ait-h. to set (the sun), t.
^Ji^l VHT ustd, m. a barber, h.
^^\lu^ ^rerr^^ astdchal, the name of a
mountain in the west, behind which the sun is sup-
posed to set. s.
i^ltji] istdd, Standing, erect, p.
ilLrfl iistdd, m. a teacher, a preceptor, a chief
in a department: adj. skilful, competent, a.
Zj>^\
( 35 )
j_^>u**»' istadagi, f. firmness ; resistance, p.
»iilju*>l istada, standing, set up, erected ;
hence, a pole, ensign-staff, &c., particularly a prop for
supporting the door of a tent, not the tent-pole. p.
^JiMu»\ ustadi, f. teaching; adj. masterly (as
"workmanship, &c.). p.
(ilju*»\ ustaz (the same as ustad), master, &c. p.
j\jm»\ istar, a weight of 4j miskals or 6j
drams, a.
J^x«ljLa»i istambol, also istanhol and islam'
bol, the city of Constantinople, p.
m. a threshold ; a fakir's
residence, astan-hos, one
who pays a visit to a superior, astan-hosi, f. paying
a respectful visit, p.
>)(3juu*»^ istibdad, m. absolute dominion, des-
potism ; insisting upon a thing being done. a.
j^jJum\ istibrd, m. cleansing ; washing one's
hands of a business, or desiring to be freed from it ; a
woman after being divorced from her husband, waiting
a certain time (three months according to Muham-
madan law), to ascertain whether she is pregnant or
not, before she can contract another marriage, a.
^jxL*»\ istahrah,m. green colour; silk, cloth,
or satin, whose colour seems to change agreeably to
the light it is seen in (particularly green sUk). a.
tJl«..i j i u' .« ) l ^iH*^U astahyast, dispersed, scat-
tered, confused, perplexed, s.
WVVy VLtC ^AlrT \Ji. V/V/Ui
^lXw>t astan, 1
dJlJurtt astana,}
^renr astnt (for stuti), f. praise ; an
anthem, a hymn. s.
J31u>\ istitar, m. act of concealing, a.
^IsjjuMi istiskal, m. heaviness, trouble, im-
portunity, a.
IjJUu*)) istisnd, m. exception, distinction, a.
CL^\^'^ istijdhat, f. accepting, consenting;
hearing or receiving a petition, a. [menses, a.
«^l^*** istihaza, m. immoderate flux of the
«5l^*** istihdla, undergoing a change ; being
impossible or absurd, a.
U-^U^*** utihbdh, m. contracting friendship ;
an action, tlie performance of which is meritorious,
but the omission of which is not criminal ; work of
supererogation, a.
Oj\j5^ istijdzat, f. asking leave, begging
permission, a.
^^L«^***' istihsan, m. approving, praising,
taking or considering as a favour, a.
Xio^^ istihzdr, m. calling, citing to appear,
summoning before, a.
U^***' istihhdr, m. despising, vilifying, scorn-
ing, treating with contempt, a.
rVS^***' istihhdh, m. demanding justice ;
merit ; ability in law it denotes a claim of right pre-
ferred by others, to the subject of a sale, a,
J'i^^ istihhdniy m. confirmation, firmness,
' strength, a. [an oath. a.
»_»Ji^^*** istihldff causing to swear, exacting
»j\i5***' istikhdra, m. judging from omens j
augury, a.
Jtic^*** istikkddm. m. employing, making
use of the labour of another ; asking or getting em-
ployment, a. [extracting, a.
_ty3^ istikhrdj, m. expulsion ; drawingforth,
( Jli^ istikhfdf, m. despising, holding in
contempt or in small esteem. a„
{^'!^<^ istikhlds, m. desiring to liberate;
liberty; freedom, a.
|jj$***' ustukhwdn, m. a bone, kernel of the
date fruit, &c. ustukhwan-band, a splint or fillet for
tying up a broken bone. p.
clA^liiJurt) istiddmat, f. assiduity; wishing to
be quiet, permanent, steady, eternal, perpetual,
everlasting, a.
CL^^SJum) istiddnat, desiring to borrow : in its
common acceptation, it signifies contracting debt ia
behalf either of one's self or of another, a.
i^iJljiiJ**)) istidrdh, m. comprehending, under-
standing ; reaching, overtaking, obtaining, a.
IC'J.JL*) istid'd, f. request, desire, invitation,
supplication, petition, a.
J^4^JumI istidldl, m. asking proofs, arguments,
or reasons ; demonstration, a.
J!jM\^l^astra,m. a missile weapon, a weapon
in general, astra-vidya or astra-ved, the military
science, astrohin, unarmed, s.
JCm>) astar, m. a mule, istar, a harrow, p.
Jijt) astar, m. lining, aatar-kdri, plastering, p.
\jiui\ usturd, m. a razor (for ijiu*) q. v.). p.
]j<Mi\ 9MVI ustard, m. a barber, h.
CiAs^l/***' istirdhat, f. ease, rest ; sleep ; re-
pose; tranquillity, a.
^^l/-*»' 9WI.I Ms<aran,gratis,free,for nothing, h.
f\»-J<*»\ istirjd', m. returning (to God;,
having recourse to God during affliction ; repeating
the sentence (from the hir'an), " Verily we are of God,
and to Him we return." o.
:>]iJLa\ istirddd, m. demanding restitution
of any thing, whether given, deposited in trust, or
taken without consent; repelling, driving, forcing
back, istirdddi nilam, reversal of a public sale. a.
lojoj*) istirzd, f. desire to please, willing-
ness, alacrity, a.
i^JLji] astarak, m. storax. g.
»ju*»l ustura, m. a razor. This is one of the
numerous old Persian words still preserved in Hindu-
Btanl, although they have become obsolete in the ori-
ginal. The modern name in Persian for a razor ia
"<F^i rfaiiaArJ" (note by Binning), p. [man.*.
j_^Jw»l ^;^ istrt or istirl (for stri), f. a wo-
i^(ij**»\ ^^ istrt, m. smoothing-iron, istr^-
kama, a. to iron ; to smooth with an iron, istri-wald
one who irons linen, h.
li 2
1m»Y
(
>5\ » *mjL* > T isti^ad, m. desirinp^ happiness; being
fortunate ; considering any tiling as a happy presage ;
conceiving well of any thing, a.
\SLm1m\ istishd, m. the dropsy ; istiska,i-
zilj:lJ!t, the anasarca ; istiska.i-tabli, tjrmpany. a.
«^l^JkM*l istishhad, m. taking evidence ; sum-
moning witnesses; bringing testimony or proof;
falling a martyr to religion, a,
cU«al«*l istisna, m. a requisition of work-
manship, forced labour, pressing into service, a.
i^)yaLj»\ istiswabf m. approving; consul-
tation, a.
tJL'S'Wajkui] istita'at, f. power, possibility ;
dependence, submitting to. a,
jV.^iajLw>l istizhar, m. imploring assistance ;
remembering, calling to memory, a.
8j\juLm>I isttara, m. borrowing ; using a word
metaphorically ; a metaphor, isti'ara-kama, a. to be-
seech, to beg earnestly, a.
«JLol*Ju*>l isti'dnat, f. asking assistance, im-
ploring help ; assistance, protection, a.
JVi^^***l istijdl, m. hastening, accelerating,
ordering one to make haste, despatching any business
soon ; wishing to make haste, o.
^)j>AJkM>) isti'ddd, f. ability, means, capacity,
merit, readiness, a.
UujLw>I istifdy m. asking forgiveness ; de-
precating, a. [siring promotion, a.
^woLj»I isti'ld, m. superiority, exaltation ; de-
(jl»«JL»>l isti'mdl, m. custom, daily practice,
use. iiti'mal-k., to use. a.
^\,»ioLa»l isti'malt, fit for practical use,
**iued ; m. fine rice. a.
eS[jCLn] utighjdsa, m. asking for help ; de-
manding justice, complaining, a.
i^\jku»\ istighrdb, m. great admiration,
amazement, wonder, a.
SiJoLmjI istighrdk, being drowned, immerged
in thought, drowned in sleep, engrossed, wholly em-
ployed, &c. o.
jIakLm) isiighfdr, m. begging mercy, craving
grace, deprecating, a.
eM\SLiiiMi\ aMafjhfiruUdh, f entreat forgive-
ness of God (or God forgive me ! an expression signi-
fying negation), a.
Ijiijk***) ist it/h nd, independent (in point of
fortune), contented ; m. content, independence, a.
SilAjLwl istifdda, m. seeking for gain ; profit,
advantage, a. [learned man. a.
\:Jilu»\ istifta, m. consulting (a lawyer or
cUflJuwi ist\frdgh, m. vomiting, belching, a.
.L«AJu«) istifsdr, m. asking an explanation ;
searching for information, inquiry, Interrogation.
istifsdr-harna, a. to inquire, to interrogate, to demand
an explanation, a.
^Xj^hlut] istifsdriyf. the statement of a pros-
ecutor sulxiect to iiivestigatioD. a.
8 ) c>M»^
^IjiX-il ixtifhdm, m. inquiring, inquisitive
ness; asking for explanation, desiring information.
iatft istifhdm, an interrogative particle, a.
^VjAJUtfl istffhdmi, "1 interrogative (a term
&x«1^,aJum) i.s<i/'/iawiya,J used in grammar), a
&5laju*») istihdia, m. requiring one to cancel
an agreement, a.
«Jl*/clflJutfl istihdmat, f. rectitude, integrity;
residence; firmness, constancy, a.
jLflJurtl istilibdl, m. futurity ; the ceremony
of receiving a visitor m the open air by advancingr to
meet him ; encountering, meeting, a.
LHjLo*^ istikrd, ni. reasoning from induction, a.
jKftJL*»l isWifdr, confirming, ratifying, a.
{jaSlLj»\ is<iilisa,curiosity, Strict investigation. a.
J^Uuuo^ istikldl, m. intrepidity, resolution,
perseverance, vigour ; absolute power, perpetuity, a.
^^JJijuj»i ?s<iHaZi,f.confirmingin possession, a.
ciljLl»I^Tf^c^«Sasi^7^,abeliever,pious,faithful.<.
jUxLmI istikbdr, m. pride, presumption, a.
sKxJuol istikrdh, f. aversion, reluctance, a,
{ ?\.^AJk**>l istilishdf, wishing any thing to be
made manifest or laid open. a.
JUxJLtf) istihmal, completion, bringing to
perfection ; vrishing any thing finished, or completed, a.
*U)uiu«») istilzdm, m. necessity, rendering ne-
cessary, a,
tl»I***^ istimd', ni. hearing, listening (to mu-
sic, &c., particularly) ; tidings, report, rumour, that
which is heard ; in law it denotes hearsay evidence, or
indirect testimony, receivable only in particular cases
and under certain restrictions, a.
ci^UJUrt^ istimdlat, f. encouragement ; com-
fort, consolation, a.
^x^iMt] ^^cT»? or ^^cT»* astamhh or istambh,
m. the trunk of a tree ; column, pile, post, pillar. *.
cli^ju**^ istimta , ni. enjoying, reaping the
fruits of, being delighted ; celebrating the solemni-
ties of the festival of Mecca; enjoyment ofawoman.a.
5^ti«»JLo\ istimddd, f. begging assistance, a.
\j^L*»\ istimrdr, perseverance, continuation ;
in law it signifies a rent not liable to alteration.
istimrar-dar, the holder of a perpetual lease, a.
j<.\j*jLk*>\ istimrdri, perpetual, permanent.
istimrarl jam', fixed or perpetual assessment of rent.
istimrarijot, a fixed or permanent tenure, istimrdn
mdl-gu^n, permanent or perpetual revenue, istim-
rari pattS, a perpetual lease of a fann. istimrdri paitii
dar, the holder of a lease of lands at a permanent
rent. a.
-J\\^Ln\ istimzdj, asking an opinion ; search
ing out one's purpose or intentions, a.
^UjLm*^ istindd, leaning or resting upon, h.
( 37 )
J^
io\xxLt*\ istimbat, m. deducting, extracting,
inference, a,
\sxLjj\ istinja, m. pissing j purification after
a natural evacuation, a.
jLiJuu*>t isthiskak, m. throwing water into
the nostrils, when performing the Wazu ; snuffing up
the air or odours, &:c. a.
\yj^\ istiwd, parallel, equal; khatti-istiwa,
the equator, a.
.U"«»^ ustuwar, powerful, strong, firmj
brave, resolute, solid, p.
jCjlyL*»\ ustuwan, f. strength; resolution,
firmness, stability, p.
C*^)yLj^ VSI^^iicf astavyast, dispersed, con-
fused, scattered, s.
f^li^\ ^f^ asthi, m. a bone, asthi-bhang, a
fracture ; a plant of supposed efficacy in fractures {cissut
quadrangularis). asthi-blied, fracturing a bone, asthi-
panjar, m. a skeleton, asthi-shokh, m. dryness and
decay of the bones, asthi-sandhi, f. uniting of a
broken bone. s.
^Ju » l VI^QT dstha, f. prop, stay, place or
means of abiding ; effort, pains, care. s.
jjl^i***! ->H4:mt( asthan (for sthdn), m. place,
abode, residence, t. L^S' ^°^ fixed, t.
jjV^jumI ^WR^ a-sthdwar, moveable, mov-
j ^jujj^ ^f^m a-sthir, restless, unsteady, un-
stable, uncertain. «.
♦^J^^ ^W^ isthir (for sthir), steady, firm. s.
0^4Ju«! ^r^fiKfll a-sthiratd, f. unsteadiness, in-
stability, fickleness, s. [steadiness, s,
y^j^^L*»\ i^^lAX isthiratd, f. rest, tranquillity,
U^Xj*^ istihzd, m. derision, laughing at, a
joke, jest, scorn." o.
^y^^\ ^S[Wl^ asfhal(for stkar),m.p\sLce,home,
fixed residence, dry or firm ground, isthal, a place or
stand of a/a.$;ir. s.
Ci3^^I***^ istihldk, m. ruining, destroying,
consuming ; wishing death or ruin to any one. a.
^J^^jL*>\ istihldl, m. appearing of the new
moon ; the noise made by a child at its birth, a.
C^y^LuA wf^<4if asthiwat, bony, osseous, s.
UysC.***)^ ast-hond, n. to set (as thesun, &c.). a.
ig^^\ asthi, in. a bone. (See asthi). s.
-.>AJ^^ ^^'t a-sthairj, m. instability, un-
steadmess. s.
X-j\ "VMTfi a-satyi, untrue, a liar. s.
^j^ date, (for wL-JbT) easy, gently, softly, p.
^lui\^S^Kt a-saii, a bad or unchaste woman.
" a-salya, untrue, false ; m. imtrath. *.
^ji\xxiut\ '^HiUm^ a-satya-hddi, a teller of
lies, alia*. «.
JLaJub-*^ istlsdl, m. destroying, eradicating,
pulling up by the roots, extirpating, a.
(_->UaL*il istVab, m. asking in a present, tak-
ing (the whole), a.
VaAJk**»\ isfifd, m, Siilisfying completely; pay-
ing or receiving the whole of what is due; renouiv
cing, relinquishing ; retiring from business or official
duties, vacating or resigning a situation, a.
^AJuu » l isiilci, m. predominance, conquest, a
5^LuL*»\ istildd, in law, signifies a claim made
by a man having a child born to him of a female
slave, whicli child he acknowledges, as of his own be-
getting, a.
^^^**>l dstin, f. a sleeve; dstm kd sdmp, a
domestic enemy, an enemy who wears the mask of
friendship, p. [sympathy, a,
^__j»>ljaJL*»\ istinds, m. familiarity, intimacy,
^uuu*>l ^^im tt-s«^y«, false ; a-saty a-bddiy one
who speaks falsehood. «.
(^i^^^ ^^T5nT a-sajjan, unfit, untrue, im-
proper ; not respectable, or of good family. «.
\j>s^\ "^ftrif^ usijnd, n. to boil, to simmer. A.
^f-M>\ ^^ a-such, foul, impure. CMuchif f.
impurity, pollution, s.
^jU^\ is^dk, m. (a man's name) Isaac, a.
iiM»\ asad, m. a lion, the sign or constellation
Leo (in astronomy), a.
^i^M>^ is-dam, directly, this moment, A. p,
0i>Sut\ ^faa a-siddha, not eflfected, invalid,
false, unripe, incomplete. *.
Jfctiuyrtl V^IT a-suddha, wrong, impure, inaccu-
rate, mistaken, t.
jm\ ^(^X. asur, and ^T^ asur, a demon ;
the asurs reside at the south pole: they are considered
demons of the first order, and in constant hostility with
the Gods, asur, a form of marriage in which the
bridegroom gives to the bride, her father, and paternal
kinsmen, as much as he can afford, s.
j***\ ^^ asra, m. a corner; hair; blood; a
tear, asri, f. ten millions, s.
]j^\ ^TTOT dsrd, m. hope, dependence, defence,
reliance, retreat, shelter, abode, house ; ambush, con-
cealment, shade, hiding-place, i.
j\j^\ asrdr, (pi. of JJ*»>), secrets, confidential
concerns. ' isrdr, act of concealing ; also, divulj^g or
communicating a secret, a.
(_iL^l isrdf, m. prodigality, dissipation,
abuse of wealth ; ruin, extravagance, o.
Jji\^1 isrdfil, m. the name of an angel
who will sound the last trumpet at the resurrectkia i
a seraph, a.
Jja]^\ isrd,tl, Israel, bam isrd,U, the Israel
ites, or children of IsraeL a. [diction.
sb^T <ilfa^ | <* dsirbdd, m. blessing, bene-
0;**»T WlfWK dsrit,'] one who relies on an-
^j***\ W^^dsartu, J other; a protege- ».
\lb:>jM\ 'V^rST a-sraddhd, f. want of faith or
OOnfidence, unbelief. $.
,\
(
Mj»t»\ %irSfR asram, m. abode, residence ; class
' of mankind, or religious order, whereof the Hindus
reckon four, viz. the Brahmachdrl, who devotes his
life to religious exercises, austerity, and celibacy.
2nd. Grihl, who lives in the world, and rears a family.
3rd. Vanaprastha, who retires from the world with his
family, and passes his life in devotion in the forest
•Uh Bhikshu, or Bhichchhu, who lives on alms. s.
y^if^j^S asarmel, \ m. the Aristolachia In-
Jj>^l^l asarvel, J dica, a plant supposed
to be of great efficacy in curing snake bites, v.
isparmul. d. [protected. «.
j^ t**»^ ^nn^IT or ^S^imir a-saran, helpless, un-
^jm\ 7^<f1l usarna, n. to retreat, shrink
from, recede, h,
^y**\ isrinj, m. minium, cinnabar, p.
^j*t*\ ^f^asru (or asru), m. a tear. s.
iSj***^ ^rrerft asuri, belonging to the asurs,
demoniacal, diabolical ; a division of medicine, surgery ;
earing by cutting with instruments, applying the
cautery, &c. s. [of demons. *.
b.U>j**>l '??nrT!t»TRn asurl-maya, f. deception
CjOj**»T ^n^ dsrait, hopeful, trusting, con-
fident
s>>,jm\ WrsiJl asrat/a, m. a refuge, asylum, s.
(JLw1m>^ ^rf^ a-sishta, rude, indecent, ill-be-
haved ; profligate, irregular. *.
Jj^laMtl istahal, m. a stable, a.
^ jlaMtl is-tarah or is-tarah-se, in this man-
ner, thus, us-tara^, in that manner, h. a.
U->^la**») usturlab, m. an astrolabe, g.
i^\...'o\t^\ ustukusat, (pi. of ustukus) ele-
ments, principles, ustukusdti ujfltdus, Euclid's Ele-
ments of Geometry, g.
(^jt*^i^y^iM\ ustukhuduSyVTeixch lavender, g.
SfuM\ as ad, more happy, most happy, a.
j^Su*i\ asfdr (pi. ofjfl**») books, volumes j (pi.
of safar) voyages or travels, adventures, a.
jm\'i\Jun\ isfdnaj, m. spinach, p.
^ysuu\ asfal, inferior, the lowest, a.
Aa**»1 isfanj, m. a sponge; a yeast dumpling.^.
jb jaftji*»\ ufandiyar, the son of Oishtasb, of
the first dynasty of Persian kings, p.
j^l^fl**»l ufahan, Ispahan, the capital of
Persian 'Iralc (the ancient Parthia). a.
^\a«m^ iskat, m. causing one to fall ; miscarry-
ing ; taking away ; dying (cattle) ; procuring an ab-
ortion, a.
ji3Am»^ »s-Aac?ar, this much, to this extent, h.a.
ASsLu»\ ishil, m. a squill, a wild onion, g,
CJ^i^\ ishat, f. pacifying, soothing, si-
lencing, a.
VSKm»1 T^KPn uskana, a. to light a fire or
otcdle ; to excite, to instigate. A.
38 ) ^^
d*^T ^msST or ^r^fHf, ashat or askat, f.
drowsiness, laziness, tardiness. #.
C»5L»T ^^T^ asakta, addicted, devoted to :
intent upon; fascinated, enamoured, diligent, zea-
lously active ; trusting to, confiding in ; eternal, s.
C»^T ^TRtPb asahti, f. attachment to one
object or pursuit, diligence, application, a.
UUsC-jT ^IffiiriHI askatana, or askatdna, n
to be lazy. h.
jJ^T < aiH;|ifl1 or W^fUfi, askatt or askati
"drowsy, lazy, remiss. A.
jSJXuA iskandar, Alexander, ishandar i
rumi, Alexander of Greece, or Alexander the Great, a,
jtfjJJ^I ishandari, of or relating to Alex-
ander, a.
&^ ,;3J;^1 is/fandariya,Alexandria in Egypt, a.
^S^^^ ishandh (for skandh, q.v.), a sec-
tion or portion of a poem, a division of a book. «.
^^x-*^ ^TT^ a-sukh, m. sorrow, pain, rest-
lessness, uneasiness, affliction. ».
^.^Xhrt I ^jftr^ asikh, m. benediction, admo-
nition, instruction. *. [flicted, unhappy. *.
^_A$1.*»\ ^W^ a-sukht, restless, uneasy, af-
f^XM»\ 'STTTTTT a-sugan, m. bad omen. h.
8iiJLC*»l ^VT^ asgandh or isgandh, m. the
name of a plant used medicinally (p/iy so W*Jfexuo<a). s.
Jj^l^fMc^ usal, form, figure, usal pasaljdnd,
to be agitated, tossed, to get into confusion, h.
iL*»l isld, consolation, comforting ; causing to
forget, o. [fathers, a.
{ JiL**) asldf (pi. of u-fli***), ancestors, fore-
^^L*>1 islam, m. the religion of Muhammad,
orthodoxy (according to Muhammadans). a,
Jy^^)u»l isldm-bol (for istdmbol), the city of
Constantinople, t.
^^L*>1 islarni, 1 faithful, orthodox, a fol-
iu*^L*»l isldmiya,) lower of the Muham-
madan religion, a.
UU- J--J J-^i "^^f^S^TO^nrRT usal~pasal-jdnd,
n. to be agitatated, to be tossed, to get into confusion. A.
i^^LmI uslub or asluh, m. manner, mode,
method, order, arrangement, usluh-ddr, symmetrical,
of fair proportions, a.
jguiy ism, m. name; a noun or substantive in
grammar, ismi istifliam, an interrogative pronoun.
»«n» ishdra, a demonstrative pronoun, ismi tankir, an
indefinite pronoun, umtjamiti, a primitive noun, ismi
a'^am, the Almighty name, one of the ninetv-nine
attributes of the Divinity, the utterance of which is
an irresistible spell over demons, iswijaldlt, the glo-
rious name (of God), ismi jint, a generic name, ismi
^liya, present participle, ismi 'adad, a numeral ad-
jective, ismi J^'il, a noun of agency, the nominative
case, ismi mttf'iil, the past or passive participle, itwti
fifat, a noun of quality, an ac^ective. a.
.t
( 89 )
r*»
l***»i asma (pi. of ^') names. asma,e husna
or asma,e 'ugma, the'ninetr-nine names or epithets of
God. a.
l»**> I asuma or dsmd, heaven ; adj. high. p.
cj:-^U*iil ^wrnr a-samapta, unfinished, in-
complete, a-samdpti, f. incompIeteneBS. s,
jlv*>) asmdr (pi. ofjv*»), stories, evening en-
tertaimnents. a.
^^^\^u»\ ismd'il, the name of a prophet j
Ishmael, son of Abraham, a.
■ i»X*jM\ ^^HT*T a-samdn, different, unlike, un-
equal, s.
^\-»j>*»l ^TOwn«T a-sammdn, m. disrespect, dis-
grace. «.
^lv*»l asmdn, m. the sky, the firmament,
heaven, the celestial orb. asman par Jcadam rakhna, to
five one's self airs, to aspire, to be vain, asmdn par
haincJnia, to be proud, to affect greatness, asman se
girna, to fall from the clouds, is applied, particularly
by women, to signify an acquisition that has been made
suddenly and unexpectedly, without labour or care,
and the value of which is inconsiderable, p.
i_fy>-k->\.^-M\ dsmdn-giri, f. a canopy or
awning, p.
^l^M*! dsmdni, heavenly, celestial; azure,
cerulean, sky-coloured, asmdni tir, &c., an arrow, &c.
shot in the air. dsmdni farmdnt, provision against in-
juries arising from calamitous seasons, Sic. on the part
of a zamin-ddr. p.
je-v-** V ^^ ism bd musammd, worthy of the
name (it bears), whose name is expressive of its qua-
lities, a. p.
JbiiJL**<Jl ^nN^ a-sambaddh, not joined, un-
connected. «.
j(^j><««)l ^raiT^ a-sambhav, uncommon, incon-
■istent. unlikely, s. [perfect. *.
i»\jy^-****^ W^t^ a-^ampiinm, incomplete, im-
dA.«M>l ^9*Hff a-sammat, dissentient, averse,
contrary, a-sammati, f. dissent, dislike. «.
C«>j^M>\ ismriti (.^ee Kmriti^, f". the Hindi!
law. «. ^^fif a-smriti, f. want of memory, forget-
fulness. s.
•^j^^^ ^'H'R^ a-samarth, weak, powerless,
unable, incompetent, s.
^^J\**>\ ^(WKJH a-smaran, m. forgetfulness,
oblivion, s.
(Jjm^amI isma'll, Ishmael, from whom the
Arabs claim descent. (Same as Ismd'il.) a.
iO\i:l»M>l ^TT^WimT dsamantdt, adv. all
round, on every side, wholly, altogether. #.
{j"^?**^ ^WT^^ a-samanjas, m. doubt, sus-
pense, suspicion ; unconformity, disparity, diflference. s.
jijj»»*»^ ism-wdr, entry in statements according
to the order of persons' names, a. p.
j_5***>i ^RWDf a-samay, unseasonable, out of
"time ; m. a time of misfortune, distress, an improper
time, c
i^j***\ ^^•T dsan, m. the inside or under part
of the thigh ; a stool, a seat ; a small ftarpet on which
the Hindus sit at prayer ; seat, posture, attitude, sit-
ting (particularly the attitudes used by Jogis in theii
devotional exercises, of which they enumerate eighty-
four) ; the withers of an elephant, the part where the
driver sits, dsan tale and, to come under subjection.
dsanjornd, to sit on the hams, dsan dolnd, spoken of
a holy man, who, perceiving by supernatur^ intelli-
gence that some one in distress has called on him, in -
terposes in his behalf dsan se dsan joj-nd, to sit close
in contact with another person, asan lagand, to sit
obstinately in a given posture, till one's request be
obtained, dsan mdrnd, to sit (particularly in an atti-
tude practised by the Jogis); to retain one's seat
firmly on horseback, s.
(jj*m\ ^iftnr dsin, m. the sixth Hindii month,
in which the moon is full near the stars in the bead
of Aries (September — October), s,
{j***\ ^nW^ dsan, also asan, m. the name of a
tree on which the tasar silkworm feeds. (Termitialia
alata tormentosa). s, [named tree. t.
i^y*^i ^Wrf asan, m. eating : also the last-
U**>1 '^^fTT usnd, boiled (from usannd, q.v.). k,
iU***\ asndd (pi. of 4iju*>), grants, and law-
papers in general, documents, isndd, an allegation ou
the authority of another, o.
(_jU**>l isndf, m. a snipe, apparently a cor-
ruption of the English word. d.
^U**»^ asndn, m. bathing (see ashndn). s.
\j\ljji\ 4^\Ht usndnd, a. to cause to boil. h.
iJLJLjJ^**>\'^'4u'S a-santushta, discontented, dis-
ss *• •
pleased, dissatisfied, s,
^^'xx*ji\ ^Wt^ a-sa?Uokk, or 'WWN asan'
tosh, m. discontent, displeasure. «.
d/^^i*^ ^^^1 a-sanjog (or a-sanyog)y m.
want of opportunity, s.
ij^i^ ^'H^l a-sanshaya, undoubted, s.
&a^5Ja*»I ^^'^ a-sankhya, countless, innu-
merable, s. [bad. t,
Ci/Xl>j*\ ^^mr a-sangat, absurd, improper,
^l,i*ju»>l ^rtnTTT a-sanmdn, m. disrespect, s.
lI1*-*Ju*»1 ^^Twnr a-saw.wa<,dissentient,difFering
from, averse, contrary, s.
^CJMi\ '4)V^i usannd, n. to boil, to simmer, h.
jJ^^I WT^nr^ dsaiii, f. a small carpet, &c. on
"which the Hindus sit at prayer. *. [tunity. t,
tL/^Jju*»! 'ST^^ftT a-saiiyog, m. want of oppor-
&JUUUJ* ^^^ a-sneh, harsh, unkind j m. un-
kindness, want of affection, s.
yn\ ^H^a aswa, m. a horse, s.
^**»1 -411^4 dsav, m. a kind of intoxicating
liquor, distilled from sugar or molasses, rum. *.
i\yn I ^T^rr^ dswdd, m. savour, relish, s.
j^y*»\ asrvdr, ra. cavalry ,a horseman ; mounted,
riding on any thing, as a horse, a carriage, a ship,&c. p
( 40 )
O
-J
^J^\yM\ V ^ I ^'S asTvarurh,monnted on horse-
back, t. ['witb battle-axes. p.
i^j'y**^ aswari, f. riding j a mode of warfare
(^^^*«l >M|^|^ dswds, m. completion, cessa-
tion ; comfort, encouragement, consolation, s.
^Ja»*>l^**l is-roaste, on this account, us-waste,
"on that account, h. a. ['igly- »•
^y**\ ^WtHT a-sobha, shapeless, ill-made,
(J1a>^**»i 'BPinrf'H' aswa-pati, m. master of
horses, a title used by some of the HindQ rajas, s.
f^y*i\ vg<!(rVf aswatth, m. the sacred fig-tree ;
(Ficus religiosa). s.
^y^\ '«Hl\»f aso;, m. the sixth solar month, s.
,^>-yM\ ^(m^a-sujh, invisible, incorporeal, h.
<^y**\ W^lt^ a-soch, not contrivable, that
which cannot be effected by reflection or study ; not
to be regretted, h.
&»-^***\ ^fn^l a-saucha, m. social or legal
uncleanness, as from the death of a relation, &c. s.
^^^ys-^A**^ ^^xrt a-sochi, careless, indifferent,
"unconcerned, h.
^yM\ aswad, black, or blackest, powerful, a.
^liyM] asudagi, f. quiet, peace, content, p.
^^t5yg»| dsudan, (r. dsa), to be at rest. p.
l^i^yn] asMcZa, full, glutted, satiated, saturated J
quiet, satisfied, tranquil, at ease, contented, asuda-
khatir, or &suda dil, or asuda-}}d.l, full, replete ; con-
tented, in easy circumstances, asuda, in a figurative
sense means dead and buried, hence plur. asudagan,
the tranquil ones, t. e. the dead. p.
,SbdyM\ WTvKr dsaudha, m. legal arrest, s.
^LtfyMl VB^IcJSI ast))a-sala, f. a stable, s.
a^yiA is-wakt, now, at present, us'wakt,
then, at that time. h.a.
i^y*»\ VU^ei a-8ok, (for askoka), m. ease,
tranquillity, cherfulaess; a kind of trefl( Jonena asoca), s.
vl/^1 VlTln a-sog, m. ease, tranquillity;
a tree called also Z)etKi-<^m({7'mrJa/oR^i/b2ta). «.
lib jJo^jMi vmimr asma-gandka, m. the name
o{ a ■p\aat {fihysalis JiegHotay. «.
^yyM\ VSNt a-sogi, at ease, unmolested, s.
{^y*>\ '%nK ason, this year. h.
^jy*»\ Mlf^lff) aswint, f. the name of the first
"lunar mansion, of the form of a horse's head (the three
stars in the head of Aries). «. [der. s.
hyM] ^BIP^ asujfd, f. detraction, malice, slan-
Jl^l iSfhal, m. loosening, opening, purging,
flux. a. Pntoderable. «.
^^^ ^U^ffl a-saliajj or a-sakij, insufferable,
^J^\ aSfhal, more or most easy. a.
*, ^ a. to boil (food,
fmd,) &c.). h.
^^f^\ VlU^tf a-sahnn, impatient, not bearing
with, unable to endure, s.
i^^^t 'ilH^'Hlil a-5fl/[awij/a,1 intolerable,un-
eu^l SH*!^ asahya, J bearable. $.
j_5'**>i ^raft assi, eighty, h.
f^^\ ^% wse, him, that, &c. ^ ige, this, tc
"this, or him, &c A.
j_^! c/si (for'?rftf asi),ra.asword, scimetar. «.
j_^1 ^rrati asa«, m. meaning, intention, aim;
scope, theme, subject; an asylum, abode, or retreat, j
u*«l dsiyd, f. a mill, dsiyd-sang, a mill-
stone, p.
io\xui\ dsiydna, m. a whetstone, p.
i_>Jug«t dseb, (or asi&), m. a misfortune (ge-
nerally means such misfortunes as are the consequence
of the shadow of a demon having fallen on one, sod
so forth), trouble, calamity, damage, p.
Ursi;^' "^^ftiRT usijnd,
l%<%**) WhB?n usijhi
o5^ a-slc/4a,unirrigated (same asa-ainchS). «.
^ju*»l asir, m. a prisoner, a captive. a«r i ab
gil, attached to one's native soiL a.
j(^\ Tirfht nsir, f. a grass, the root whereof is
sweet-scented, and used for making fatfis {andropogom
muricatum). s.
ib^j >H^1^ | t^ or ^HWfttT^ asirhdd or dsirbdd,
m. blessing, benediction, salutation, t.
i^jMi\ asifl, f. imprisonment, captivity, a.
(ji*ju«t ^rnrt^ or ^^ftn dsls or asis, f. bless-
ing ; return of compliment from a (HindQ) miperior. $,
LmJumI T(f^ uslsd, m. a pillow, a cushion,
head of a bed. h.
(j£ju*>^ ^^^a-ses/i,without remainder,entire. ».
1.»Aa*>^ ^^H1 a-shnd, unbounded, unlimited, s,
&«xm>I dsima, amazed, astonished. <ar-a«ima,
bewildered in the head, astounded, p.
(jru**l ''smT'T dsln, seated, sitting. ».
Ufc^ SH«T-«II a-sinchd, not watered, not irri-
gated (a field, &c.). s.
1^ju/j\ ^^ a-sevd, 1m. disobedience, inat-
^^^x^*»\ys^(^^a-sevan,J tention. s.
\3^ju*»! ^ ' ^ q «| l usetvnd, a. to throw out the water
from boiled rice. A.
i^\ ush, interj. fie, &c. (vide uf). d.
^jiT dsh, f. meat, victuals, viands, soup, broth,
gruel, pottage, ashi-jau, barley-water or water-gruel
ash-j}akana, a. to combine in any design ; to conspir^
or contrive any thing ugalustanother. ash-tndl, a poi>-
ridge-Stick, a pestle, p.
l^T
( 41 )
JLia
Vm»I Wmn asha, f. hope, desire; dependence,
reliance, trust, asha-prapta, successful, posseBsing the
desired object, asha-bundh , m. confidence, trust, ex-
pectation, asha-bhang, disappointment, asha-want,
expectant, hopeful, asha-hin, desponding, despair-
ing, s.
ti»i 'Wmi usha, m. early morning, dawn, day-
break (also usha-kal), f. the wife of Anirudha. <.
Ojl^l isharatAf. a sign, command, signal,
tj\^\ ishara, J hint, ism-i-ishara, a de-
monstrative pronoun, a.
JiM\JL>\^mn^a-shastra, unlawful, illegal, irre-
gular, a-shastrtya, contrary to law, inconsistent with
the rules of science, s.
^'''\m\ ^SIRIT or vmid, asharh or dskarh, m.
the third solar month, (see (JfryUtf i). S.
^Jyj{^\ wm^ asharhl, f. day of the full
"moon in Asharh, s.
jX^\ asham, drink, (in comp.) drinking, as
sharab-asham, wine-drinker, p.
^liJooLi*! ashamidan, to drink, to quaflP. p.
C1*3V(Sj\ VX^[\:*iia-shant, restless, anxious, unre-
signed. a-shanti, f. anxiety, restlessness, s.
(CjjL^I V^fl^^ ashdwari, f. a ragint or mu-
sical mode; a kind of pigeon ; a sort of cotton cloth. «.
C*3j'>ji>i >H^n'<4n( osharcant, fearful, unquiet,
pitiful, s,
_\jy2»^ ashbdh, (pi. of ^JuS») bodies, objects, a.
»4J^) ^Wta-shubh, unfavourable, unpleasant,
inauspicious, evil ; m. misfortune, distress, t.
\j\j^\ ashta7va.,'\m. an ewer &c., same as
XjIImsI ashtdma,} aftdba or dbtdba, q.r. p.
i\x)^\ isJitihdh, m. doubt, ambiguity,
scruple, a.
^jsljjLS*^ ishtihdhi, suspicious, doubtful, a.
5^tiX2*l ishtiddd, m. confirming, strengthen-
ing, increasing in violence, o.
JiJ!t»\ ushtur, m. a camel, p.
\jJ^\ ishtird, m. buying, selling, commerce, a.
Ld)|.ivj\ ishtirdk, m. partnership, a.
Jl«Li»\ ishtidl, ra. burning, inflaming, light-
ing a fire or candle ; fomenting,instigating a quarrel, a.
uiiJUxMi^ ishtidlakf (dimin. of last word).
ishti'dlak dena, to foment (quarrels), to encourage to
bad actions, to abet. a. [study, a.
^li'iM»\ ishtighdl,m. occupation, employment,
^'■?jhj?>\ ishtikdk, m. derivation of one name
from another, a, [firm. p.
JjJii\ ushtulum, celerity, violence, injustice ;
Jl,jLS»\ ishtimdlf m. comprehension, contain-
Lxuit^ ishtihd, f. hunger, appetite, a.
.v^^\ ishtifutTf m. publication, divulging,
fame, rumour, report, renown, ishtihdr-nama, a writ-
ten or printed proclamation or public notice, o.
^J-M»\ dshfif f. peace, concord, reconciliation,
"agreement, convention, confederacy ; amour, intrigue, p,
j\juLa>\ ishtiyak, m. wish, desire, strong in-
clination, a.
cLoi»\ 1^ ishta, desired, wished, approved ;
worshipped, reverenced; cherished, beloved ; m. a god,
a deity, whatever is worshipped ; an object, the thing
wished for ; a beloved person. «.
cLoSj^ 'W? asht or ashta, eight, ashta-prahar,
incessant, the whole day and night, ashta-mangal, m.
a horse with a white face, tail, breast, and hoofs ; a
collection of eight lucky things to be assembled on
certain occasions, as a lion, a bull, an elephant, a water-
jar, a fan, a flag, a trumpet, and a lamp. s.
(it(.iUui»\ ^srer^^ ashtd-dasli, eighteen, s.
.U.^\ ^SiSldrri ashtdshtti, eighty-eight, s.
LL^ljOi>\ W?T^ «s^f«w^, m. eight parts of man;
adj. of, or with eight members, ashtang pranam, pro-
stration in salutation or adoration, so as to touch the
ground with the eight principal parts of man, viz.
with the hands, feet, thighs, breast, eyes, head, words,
and mind. s.
Cl^Dj^M»\ '^retf^^rfif ashtd-vinshati, twenty-
eight. *. [fifty-eight s.
^j*i.*«\^. cji^\ ^T?^^1^fif ashta-panchdshat,
^3lui\j;Winishtatd, f. desiiableness,reverence. s.
J<Xm\ 1[?inC ishtatar, dearer, more desired. $.
^..*. ■ S cl^\ ^(jf-j^fi! ashta-trinshat,thiTtj-
eight. s.
*JuU»^ j;WWR ishtatam, best beloved, dearest,
most desired. *. [rlnshat, forty-eight, s.
ClAji>jjj|^As»- t-ILwSjl ^'S'^^lift^\cishta-chat7vd-
OljbAi^) ^F^nW asktadhdtu, m. the eight
metals, said to be gold, silver, copper, brass, tin, bell-
metal, lead, and iron, asht-dhdlij , f a mixed metal, a
compound of eight metals, s,
jJw»l Tg nshtra, m. a camel, s.
^lL^iJL^I^\ ^T^^ffsfiT ashta-saptatif seventy-
" eight. .?.
^43.-*ii») ^r?ftl% ashta-siddhi, m. the eight
siddliis, the name of a superior order of beings, a per-
sonification of the powers and laws of nature ; when
they are subjected to the will by holiness and auste-
rities, whatever the fancy desires, may, it is said, be
obtaine'd ; universal sovereignty may be acquired, and
implicit obedience to any command enforced; the
magnitude, weight, or levity of the body may be in-
creased or diminished at will, and the body be trans-
ported in an instant to any part of the universe, s.
,4ii:ji*LlLw»l ^^'^ftr ashta-shashthi, sixty-
eight, s.
j^Xui^ W^ ashtam, the eighth, s.
j-*Juol ^nfflft ashtami, f the eighth day of the i
"moon. Janmashfam'i, the eighth of Bhadra Krishna '
paksh, the birthday of Krishna, s.
C->yuu»] ^Fi^fTT ashta-nawati,n\nety' eight.*
iJA
( 42 )
J^A
J^A
j\sl^ ashjar (pi. of^rf?), trees, a.
J^ ^^Of a-shuchi, impure, unclean (cere-
^ monialTy) ; f. impurity. $.
jpj^\ ^rn^ ashcharj (for ashcharya), m.
amazement, astonishment, surprise ; adj. astonishing,
wonderful, dshcharjyatd, f. wonderfulness, astonish-
ment. *. [people, a.
^jolat"^' ash Mas (pi. of i^ja^), persons,
4i-2»l ashadd, more or most vehement, severe,
strong, violent, excessive, a.
,JbiXii»l ^r^^ a-shuddh, impure, inaccurate,
■wrong, a-shuddhata, f. inaccuracy, impurity, t.
\^Su»\ Vl^Cg^ji a-shuddhiya, one who speaks
or reads wrong. «.
j^l asharr, vicious, malignant, atrocious (or
. more vicious, &c.). a.
jui\ ^r^ ashra, m. a tear. s.
^j^\ Hll^l dshra, \ m. cheating, fraud, cir-
i,jjj2»l ^r^lTi as/tra?/,J cumvention ; proxi-
mity; a retreat, abode, a house; a means of defence;
having recourse to protection or refuge; trust, re-
liance, hope ; a patron, a protector, s.
C->bLii>) ashrahat, drinks prohibited by the
Muhammadan law, such as wines, &c. a.
jLS*l ashrar (pi. of j>J^), wicked, wretched,
criminal, seditious (people), a.
t_3Ki>) ashraf (pi. of i_A>^), nobles, gran-
dees, gentlemen, men of high extraction. In Rohil-
kund.Oude, and Benares, the term is applied to a class
of cultivators who claim certain privileges, a.
^Li*! ishrak, m. splendour, beauty, lustre,
lit. the rising of the sun. a.
jJLi*^ ishrakl, eastern, oriental, ishrahl-
"-namaz, morning prayer, o. [partnership, a.
i^\Jl»\ ishrak, m. participating, entering into
C^J*» I ^nf^nr ashrit (see dsrit), a person pro-
tected, &c. a.
Jiij^\ tr^UTT a-shraddha, f. aversion, con-
tempt, disgust, loathing, distrust, disbelief, a.
^^ju»\ ashraf, more noble ; m. a gentleman,
a person of noble or genteel birth, a nobleman, ashraf-
ulmaMiluMt, the most excellent of created beings, man-
kind, ashraf-ul hilad, the finest of regions, a.
(^jM>i ashrafi, f. a gold coin so called. The
' Calcutta ashrqfi, is about 1/. lis. 8d., and the g^ld uf
it is better than Englisli standard gold, by five shil-
lings in the ounce, or about one-sixteenth. By the
Regulations of May 1793, it should weigh I'JO-SOt grains
troy weight, generally called by Europeans, " a gold
more " (vide muhr). 1 he g^ld more of Bengal is worth
IG rupees, that of Madras and Bombay 15 rupees, p.
^-ii>l ^rr^nr ashram, m. (same as asram),
abo(ll^ &c. &c. (v. dsram). t. [less. s.
j^yiil ^r^RTSr a-sharanf without shelter, help-
ijj^\ ■flI'Jm ashray, m. same as ashra, q. v.
C^lJ^\ ^BT^ ashrait, hopeful, trusting, con-
fident. ».
C?;?;/»*»l W^rOO a-sharlriy incorporeal, a.
{j>*t**\ Wrf^TFT ashis, f. blessing, benediction. <.
cL»iM.«« > i^f^Tga-g/iM^fa,unpolite,undisciplined,
ungoverned; under the dominion of evil habits arising
from a neglected education ; rude, barbarous, t,
jU*il ash'ar (pi. ofouS*), verses, poems, a.
{jXkjM] ashghal (pi. of ^3*i>), employments,
occupations, cares, ish^^al, being employed, a.
^\sjlt] ashfdk (pi. of j3&*<*), kindnesses, fa-
vours, ishfdk, compassion, tenderness, a.
&Ia**»l asA?//Va, wretched, miserable, distressed,
distracted, uneasy, disturbed. dshufta-J^al, distressed
in condition, dslmfta-jshatir or dshufta-dil, afflicted in
mind, dshufta-mu, with dishevelled hair, dshuftct-sar,
or, -dimSg^ or, -tab', distracted in head or brain, p.
^^^IsiZi I ashuftagt, f. misery, distraction, un
"easiness, p.
^^^iSLZ^^ asAt(/ifaw,todisturb,to be confounded, p.
Jj*al ashuk, gum-ammoniac, p.
\^Lu»\ ashhiya (pi. of i3^), thieves, male-
factora. a.
liXii)! ashk, m. a tear, tears, ashk-hdr, moum-
iog, shedding tears, ashk-bari, f. weeping, p.
.\Xm»I dshlidr, ]
it/iT- ,7- - apparent, clear, public,
IjOsAal ashkara, ^
i,\SjL\ dshkai'a,^
known, revealed, p.
Jlxi>) ashkal (pi. of (Ji-i>), appearances,
figures, shapes, semblances, forms, a.
Jlx<3l>l ishhdl, m. diflBculty, ambiguity, sus-
picion, painfulness. a. pude, to wheedle, d,
\jJ\^l ishkdlnd, to deceive, to tempt, to de-
^Kj2*I ishkdli, one who excites doubts or diffi-
■• culties. a.
OX^T'5n^Ilias/m/i<a,fond,attached,addicted,;
able, powerful. dshakti, f. attachment, fondueBs;
power, might, s.
^_;'. A.*> \ ^T^r^ a-shahta, powerless, imable.
a-shakti, f. impotence, weakness, s. [rant. ».
CL^ f'.^f'J ^f^lft^lT a-shikshit, untaught, igno-
m. portent, evil
omen, ashakuni
a-shugunif
or
(^Xi>l ^^foliH a-shakun,
j^f^\ 'njyj a-shugun,
^^^) ^5I'Nf a-shugun,^
portentous, boding evil luck. *.
&^JJ*I ^"^1^ a-shahya, impossible, s.
AJi»\ ashall, having a disjointed, withered, or
paralytic hand. a. [distich. «.
cdJ Jui»\ ^r^W ashluh or ishlok, m. verse,
lASoiLi») 'Sra'm asklckhd or ashleshd, m. the
name of the ninth lunar mansion (five stars near the
southern claw of Cancer), s.
\^^) '3^Jn ushmd, i'. warmth ; wrath, s.
^L»«») ishrndm^ m. diffusing odour, shedding
perfume; giving to a quiescent consonant a slight
sound of zamma or kasra, but so as not to lengthen the
syllable, or make one syllable mora. a.
r'
( 43 )
X^S
tI«M>! T^TiTT ushmata, f. heat, warmth, s.
iSr*^^ ^I^hO ashmari, f. the stone or gravel
(the disease); strangury, s.
jj-»ji»\ ashmal, more or most perfect, complete,
surpassing, transcendant. a.
f^fM\ TSU ushna, hot, warm, pungent, acrid ;
m. heat, warmth, s.
ij***^ W5I»T ashan, m. eating food ; also ^TT^nT
ashan, the asan tree, on which the tasar silk-worm
feeds (Terminalia (data tomentosa). s.
\xM I dshnd, an acquaintance, lover, friend ;
dslma-parast, friendly, p.
\jj*»\ "^Hm ushannd, n. to boil, h,
^jUui\ Vl^ljJM ashnan, m. bathing, s.
j^UuS*! dshna,l, f. friendship, acquaintance.
ashna,i-k, a. to unite, to associate. ashna,t lagnd. n. to
become intimate, to be united in friendship, p.
«JuUlm*| dshndydna, in a friendly manner, p.
\ij>M»\ irsSK\ ushnatd, f. heat, warmth, s.
i^AMt\ ^T^TfJ U'shanha, fearless, undaunted,
secure, t.
lxJkM»T «ll^|f{| dshankd, f. fear, apprehension,
awe, danger ; doubt, uncertainty. «. [dem. s.
(jmJUwm^ TOlfhl ushntsh, m. a turban, a dia-
yi»\ W^ ashroa, m. a horse, s.
Jbj[ii.\^M>^ WHI!^'^ ashrvdrurh, mounted on a
horse; m. a horseman, t.
(j»»)j<S»l wrora dshrvds, m. completion, ces-
aatioti, comfort. «.
imf>Ji>\ dshob or dshub, m. tumult, clamour ;
inflammation of the eyes ; terror ; misfortune ; storm,
tempest ; an impostor ; in comp. exciting, p.
l^^l V^^ttn a-shobhd, f.ugliness ; adj. shape-
lew, ugly. t.
%Z*>y*»^ Vmilfd ashrva-pati, m. a person of
rank, attended by horsemen ; a horseman. «.
0^y^\ ^trtf^ashwattha, m. the holy fig-tree
{Fiau religiosa). s.
y^^^r^rt^ a-shock, m. content, tranquillity,
absence of care, a- «/!aucA, m. impurity; mourning, s.
y[JM^\ WET^n^T ashwa-shdld, f. a stable, s.
\^J*»\ ^[^^a'shok, at ease, unmolested ; m.
ease, tranquillity ; a plant {Jonesia asoka). s.
\i»,yj^^\ '4IH|Jl«VT ashna-gandhd, f. a plant
(Phy sails flexuosa). s.
^i^jjcyZ»\ ^ns^ ashrva-medh, m. the actual or
emblematic sacrifice of a horse, an ancient religious
ceremony among the Hindus. This sacrifice is one of
the highest order, and, when performed a hundred
times, entitles the sacrificer to the dominion of swarga
or paradise. It appears to have been originally typical ;
the horse and other animals being simply bound during
the performance of certain ceremonies : the actual
sacrifice is an introduction of a later period, s.
^^1 Wlfnivf dshwin, m. the sixth Hindii
month (September — October). «.
j^^\ ^fTgtft ashwim, f. the name of the first
" lunar mansion (see aswint). s.
j\j^^^ ^ng^K ashrva-vdr, m. a 4iorseman. «.
^,^\ ^"'^^nr ashwa-yuj, f. the first lunar
mansion, s. [proof, a.
«i\^\ ishhdd, m. taking to witness, bringing
i^\^\ ashhdd (pi. of <^\m), witnesses (such
as have been present) ; eye-witnesses, a,
u--*^^ ashhab, white, ash-coloured, a.
S^\ ashhadu, I testify, I declare, a.
j^^ ashhar,vciore or most celebrated ; known, a.
ijt»\ 'H^n? ashaya, m. meaning, intention,
"aim; an object of desire; theme, subject; shelter;
the mind. s.
lxi>\ ashyd (pi. of j^S»), things, effects, a.
^^l)u*>l dshiydn, I , . „
.,***T _ > m. a bird s nest. p.
iOuu»»l ashiyana,]
C^A^I ^n^flT dshiti, eighty, s.
^XM»\'3^[ftT^«5/t^»•, fa fragrant root of grass,called
in Persian hhas (Andropogon muricatum), ».
libjuS*! '^l^rl^K a,shir-bdd, 1 m. bless-
^j»-j juiil ^I^rl^'^H dshir-vachan,) ing, be-
nediction, s,
(j^^^ ^?^ a-shesh, boundless, endless, all. «.
(j-J^I ^rnfft^ '?n^ft^ dshlsh, f. blessing,
benediction, s.
^\to\ asdghir (pi. of y«*o1), little, mean, con-
temptible, low, poor (people), a.
jJIaJLo^ isdlat or asdlat, firmness, integrity,
^ solidity of judgment; genuineness, a.
UJLa! asdlatan, radically, originally, alto-
gether, absolutely, in proper person, a.
Lm^\.^\ ashab, (pi. of c-a^I'<5), grandees,
lords, masters, companions, apostles, friends. In com-
position, it signifies possessed of; as, ashdbi 'Urn, learned
men, &c. aslfdbi kihdr and ash.abi guzin, the select
friends and companions of Muhammad. asJjidbi kahf,
the (seven) sleepers of the cave, famed in oriental ro-
mance, a, [}^g' (^
j\s^\ isddr, m. producing, appearing, issu-
jLol isrdr, persevering, obstinacy, a.
f^\yo\ isrqf, m. expenditure, waste, prodi-
gality. Urdf-k, a. to squander, &c. a.
»Ia^lo1 istibagh, m. dipping, baptism, a.
^i\x^Ato\ istib dgh i, one who baptizes. Yah^ii
Istibdg^t, John the Baptist, a.
J.jJx>o^ tsto&z7 (vulgarly astabal),Tn.a. stable.a.
J^^^ istakhar, the ancient name of Per-
sepolis. p.
U->^jlxo^ usturldb, f. an astrolabe, g.
-^Ua^\ istildh, f. a phrase, idiom, general
acceptation ; a figure in rbetorie. #•
}^\
(
OW^Uxfc! istilahat (pl.)> idioms, phrases,
forms of opeech. a.
j^>J*oi istildkt, technical, metaphorical,
coaventiooal. a.
jK*o\ asglifir, less, least, smallest j the minor
term in a logical propodtion. a. \ipinosa). a.
ciLol atafy m. the caper tree (Capparis
SmmSbo\ asafy the name of a man, considered to
have been Solomon's waxir. Sfqf-ra^, prudent aa aja/l
dfqf-ud-daula, the atqfot the state ; a title genenmy
applied to a toaztr. a.
j\ao\ asfar (pi. ofjSUo), ciphers, a.
j^\ asfar, yellow, saffron-coloured, a.
jjj^ao) Isfahan, m. Ispahan, till recently the
capital of Persia, p.
(J-ol ad, f. lineage ; origin, root ; foun-
dation ; a capital, principal sum, stock in trade, ofl-tu-
sut, m. liquorice, a.
Vwoi aslan or asld, by no means, never, not
at all. afla^ mufi<^aa, abeoluteljr never, by no manner
of means, a.
_^L«l islahf f. amendment, cure, correction, a.
J^\ aslah, best, most correct, a.
j_^' asli, pure, of a noble family, noble,
"essential, radical, original} a r^;istered village, a.
M*a\ asamm, deaf; a surd number in arith-
' metic, opposite of tmmiik. Jav-i ofOflun, the square
root of a surd. a.
I — 9\l>o\ asnaf (pi. of u»flA«g), sorts, kinds,
varieties, a. [repotationa. a.
CL>\yo\ aswat, (pi. of C^yo) voices, sounds,
^}yo\ usul, (pi, of (J*<«^) causes, roots ; a
mood or tone. a.
j-^\ as,ha7'(fil. ofj^), near relations, agene-
ral term for all relations by marriage within the degree
ill which marriage is prohibited, a.
Jjw^l as'il, well-born, noble, genuine; f. a
maid-servaut who is free, in opposition to laundi, a
female purchased slave, a.
CL^\jc\ is^afat, f. addition, an adjunct, an
epithet ; it is ia grammar applied to the short vowel
kasra, between two Persian nouns in the formation of
the genitive case, or on the addition of an adjective.
J^lati iifa/at, the genitive case. a.
iJ\*o\ izafa, ra. addition, junction, augmen-
tation, attribute, a.
\^\jiaJ\ iztirab, m. agitation, perturbation,
restlessness, anguish, trouble, chagrin, a,
^AlxiO] iztirahi, f. haste, impatience, a.
^\Jkijo\ iztirar, m. '[violence, constraint, agi-
^J\\xJC^ iztirarlfi.) tation. a.
■^\tuo\ az'af, double, i^'o/", act of doubling,
duplication, a, (^uajtoieni. a.
.J^\ azaf, very helpless or weak, most
44 ) CUk
e^L^^ azla, (pi. of *Lo) ilistricts; sides (<rf
a square, &c); ribs; convexities; arches, a,
d.Af-U»^ ita'at, f. subjection, obsequiousness,
reverence, worshipping, obedience, mbmiBsioa. a.
j^\l>l atalik, m. preceptor, a guardian or
governor. atalQn, instruction, p.
\j^\ atibba, (pi. of u^»>W), physicians, a.
u-iUs^ atraf (pi. of i— 9;iff ), sides, environs,
conjQnes, skirts, districts; all aroond. a.
(S^-iJ^^ itri-phal, 1 m. a kind of electuary ;
,Jjb^^ itri-fal, j vide itn-phaL
\si^\ itfa, extinction, putting out (a fire), a.
Jlfll?! at/al, (pi. of Jii^), children, family, a.
c^)OL»t itti^\ f. manifesting, informing, de-
claring, investigating, knowledge, information. iHii
la'-k., to acquaint, inform, ittila'-nama, a written dd>
claration, or notice in writing ; a sommons or citatioi^
ifiilo'-mand, informed, acquainted, a.
^y^^ itldk, m. setting at liberty; divorcing;
freedom, disengagedness ; in law, the ot&oe and r»-
cccds of summonses, also fises thereon, a.
jjajiy S^Ui»1 itldk-navtSy m. the officer who
keeps the register of smunKMues and of the Cms Uiera
upon. a. p.
fjJ)o\ atlas, m. satin. aUad, of or resembling
satin, made of satin, a.
c\^\ itmd, strong desire, longing for. a.
^J^Sl^\ itminan, m. tranquillity, cont^t,
security, repose, rest, quiet, itminmi Ufifi"') peaMof
mind. a.
L-^Uisl atndb (pi. of c-*ii») tent ropeg. a.
j^j^\ atrvdr, (pi. of jjis) manners, behaviour,
devdrs. I^guh-aiwar, well bred. a.
Jjl?) atrval, very long or tall, prolix, a.
J^\ athar (pi. of ^\i»), the pure. Wiar,
purifying, purification, a.
J^\ afijam, more or most oppressive, a.
X^\ izhdr, m. demonstration; revealing,
publication, evincing, a.
j^\ azhar, very clear, more apparent, a^
ham min ash-shamsi, clearer than the sun. a.
Cj:>\s^\ i'adat, (also lada), f. repetition, re-
vising ; visiting the sick. a.
jlis^l i'tuJi, liberation, manumission, a.
Col^\ i'dnat, f. help, aid, succour, favour,
assistance, a.
.Ljk&l i'tibar, m. belief, faith, confidence :
respect, esteem, veneration, reliance, i'tibar rakhnS.
or i'tibar-k., to give credit to, to believe, a.
(jj^yjs] i'iibdrt, trusty, confidential, a.
JIjIp^ t tidal, m. evenness, equilibrium ;
temperatcness ; rectitude, temperature, moderation, a.
d^i
(
yiiSf-] ttizar, m. an excuse, apology. i'ti»ar-
nama, m. a letter of apology, a.
(jfjitioff-i ttizdri, one who apologizes, a.
^^\Jx^\ ttiraz, f. refusing assent, objecting,
discussion; criticism, animadversion, displeasure, op-
position. «. [who objects, a.
^^oyjis] ttirazi, f. displeasure, anger; one
<— JUJi^l itiraf, m. confession, acknowledg-
ment, avowal, a.
jUjk^\ i'tizaz, excelling, overcoming, a.
Jjjjkff-^ ttizal, secession, dissent j abdicating
or withdrawing from office, a. [sin. a,
i»U^ukff-i ttisam, preserving one's self from
iSliuff-l i'tiJ/ad, m. confidence, faith, trust,
belief, a,
j_^tiVaJkff-l liikadi, one who has faith &c., or
in whom faith is placed, a.
( JooS-l liihaf, m. restraining, curbing one's
passion from religious motives, as in Lent; continuing
in the mosque (particularly at Mecca), a,
(SUlff-l itimad, m. faith, confidence; hope,
dependence, reliance, a.
^eCi\.^:iS'\ i'timadi, one iii whom confidence is
placed, a trustworthy person, a.
Ijuk^l ztind, taking pains, anxiety, care. a.
j\jsr zjaz, m. disnppointment; a miracle;
■wonder, amazement, astonishment, surprise, i'jazi
masi}fd,i, miraculous cure, equalling the wonderful
cures of the Messiah, a.
i»:<ri a'jam, a barbarian, a rustic : the term
' is strictly employed to one who does not speak pure
Arabic, but it generally denotes a Persian, a.
Iti^l add (pi. of J J^ff"), foes, enemies, a.
U-^kp\ trdb, m. a vowel, the using of the
vowel-points. A'rab, the wandering Arabs of the
desert, a.
(J)\^\ araht, an Arab of the desert, a.
fg'\]^\ ^rdj, crippling, or making lame. a.
{jio\]^^ trdz, flying from, aversion, i'rdz-k.,
to turn away from any thing with abhorrence, a.
i»^l^i ardf,m. purgatory : according to the
Musalmans it is a kind of neutral space between
heaven and hell. The poet Sa'di says that " to those
in heaven A'raf would seem hell, but the hellites
would call A'raf paradise."
igf'\ a raj, cripple from birth, a.
^^Sizdz, ra. respect, attention, a.
t^\ aizza (pi. of^lC-), very excellent,worthy,
or dear (persons or people), a. [sinews, a.
{^\tofi-\ a" sab, (pi. of (_-*-a^) nerves, tendons,
IrfaP) aza, (pi. o^ytoS^) members of the body.
tfxa,e tandsul, organs of generation, a'zo.e ra,isa, the
vital parts, as the heart, brain. Sec. a.
J^\ a'^am, greatest, or very great, a.
45 ) %\
^J^1 a'la, 1
\ lc\ '/- I ^"P''^"^^» ^ig^> the Most High. a.
Jt'ys] ildm, m. proclaiming, indicating, an-
nouncing ; a warrant, notification, a.
(^"^y ildn, m. publishing, divulging, a.
j^\ alam, most knowing or wise. a.
U^l a*md, for Sa/^\ blind, ignorant, a.
jltP'i imdl, applying, amdl, (pi. of (J-*©')
action, conduct, a.
J^l a*ma, blind, ignorant; a desert, a.
^Uff-l aydn (pi. of (JJ^-), eyes; grandees,
nobles, a'yani ^azrat, courtiers, a.
\^T dffh df a master, lord; an agd. t. [agaria g.
^J^^^Js^ aghdrlkun (^affapiKov) common
j\^\ dghaz, m. beginning, commencement.
a^az-k., to begin, p.
3^1 ighrdli, submersion : in rhetoric it signi-
fies excessive praise or censure, a.
s3JiS'\ dghishta, mixed, macerated,polluted.j).
^J.^-! dghil (also aghil) a sheep-cote in a
mountain, an enclosure for sheep &c. in a plain.
aghfll, a bar or bolt. p.
Sik^\ ighlak, m. difiicult to be understood,
abstruse ; an obstacle, a.
J^\ aghldl (pi. of J^), yokes or chains
for the neck. a.
*^t ighldm, m. inflaming with desire, pro-
' vokingtovenery; sodomy, a.
j_J^l aghlnb, superior, stronger; adv. most
likely, for the most part, aghfab hai, it is most likely,
it generally happens, a.
(jiJ^C'l ughalmish, a king of Turkestan, de-
scended of the great Jingls Khan. t.
,^\ aghUy f. the bolt of a door; same as
" aj'danda, d.
{^\^\ i^mdz, m. dissimulation, supercili-
ousness ; Ogling, coquetry, a,
ijo^^ ighviazi, one who is supercilious,
"proud. &c. a.
\^\ agkniyd (pi. of f^), the rich. a.
\^\ ?l^rya,m. seduction, temptation, ighwd-k.f
a. to seduce, to lead astray, a.
(^^\ dghosh, f. an embrace ; the bosom, p.
j\^\ aghydr, (pi. of^)> strangers, foreigners,
unknown persons, rivals, a.
ijj^ aghydri, f. strangeness, rivalry, a.
1 5^ uf, fye! pooh! for shame! alasIw/^A.,
to disapprove of, to lament, uf ho-jana, to become
ruined, a,
i_iT of, the sun ; the musk-deer. p.
O^T dfdt, (pi. of oil) calamities, evils,
misfortunes dangers, a.
%\
( 46 )
M\
joPoi afagMna (pi. of ^Uil), the people of
Afgkanisthn, the Afgh&n race. a.
'^\ afdk (pi. of ^^1), horizons, quarters of
the heaven, the world or universe, regions, a.
ClJi^\ ifahat, f. "j convalescence, recovery
jjlal ifaka, m. J from a swoon, &c. a.
^JJO^^ afantn (pi. of ^»\^^), branches, a.
\ afat, f. misfortune, wretchedness, cala-
mity, afat-rastda or ^fat-zada, InTolved in mis-
fortune, a,
C-->UjT aftab, m. the sun, sunshine, aftab-
parast, a worshipper of the sun. aftab-parastt, f. the
worship of the sun. dftab-gir, a parasol, p.
]0^\ aftaba, m. an ewer, a water-pot. p.
^liil aftabi, f. a parasol of a particular
"form ; a target studded with gold, p*
^SCiJ>\ uftadagi, f. a fall, the act of falling, p.
^^iilXit uftadan, to fall, to happen.
%iXii\ uftada, fallen, prostrated, pi. uftcuta'
gdn, the fallen, the unfortunate, p.
jj.ljks^ uftdn, falling, uftdn o khezdn, falling
and getting up, met., with great difficulty, p.
\j\jj\ aftawa, m. an ewer (v. aftdbd). p.
jli5*' iftikhar, m. glory, honour, elegance,
gracefulness, a. [tation. a,
\jii\ iflira, f. calumny, slander, false impu-
^^ti^ afrdkhtan (r. afraz), to raise aloft, to
extol, a. [numbers, single ones. a.
i^J\ qfrdd (pi. o{ ^S), individuals, singular
i)\y\ ifrdd, m. withdrawing from society, a.
'Sj)\ afrdz, exalting (used in composition), p.
\^\xm»\J\ afrdsiydb, name of an ancient princ6
of Turan, one of the heroes of the Shahnama, ulti-
mately slain by Rustam. p.
)o\js\ ifrdt, m. excess, superfluity, ifrdti-
ahhldt and ifrdti ^fin, plethora, a.
i^J>\ afranji, a Frank, or native of Europe, a
"crusader, a. [mined, p.
auk>..ji1 afrokhta, set on fire, kindled, illu-
j^Jki-jJi afrohhtan (r.afroz), to set on fire, to
burn, to kindle, p. [composition.) p.
Jj Ji afroz, inflaming, enlightening (used in
jliiiJ J 1 afrida-gdr, m. the Creator, p.
^jj J^ dfridan (r. afrxn)y to create, p.
SJjy t dfi-tda, created, a created being, p.
i^.»9' dfi'in, bravo! well done! (in corap.)
creating, M iahdn-dfrtn, creator of the world ; m. the
Creator. 5/»i»-/r., a. to praise, to applaud, p.
Ajj J! dfrlnish, f. the creation, p.
ldjJJ>J ^ qfrlManda, creating ; the Creator, p.
\j3\ afza or afza,e, (r. of afzudan), increag.
ing (used in comp.) p. png f,
jjJi^.lji\ afz'ayish, f. act of increasing or add-
V^\y\ afzdyanda, that which increases, p,
lijji) afzud, m. increase, addition, abun-
dance ; adj. more. p.
^^d^y] afzudagi, f. increase, addition, p.
^^(ijjjil afzudan (r. afza), \o increase, p.
^^•^^ afzun, more, manifold, greater, much,
increasing, p.
i^y^\ afzuni, f. increase, enlargement, p.
»^LMi\ afsdna, m. a tale, fiction, story, ro-
mance, afsdna-go, m. a romance-teller. afsdna-go,i, £
the profession of a story-teller, p.
-«il afsar, m. f. a crown, diadem, p.
^»3--Jt afsurdan, to wither, to flag, p,
i^dy*i\ afsurdagt, f. dejection, melancholy,
" lowness or depression of spirits, p.
l^y*j\ afsurda, dejected, dispirited, melan«
choly, low-spirited, afsurda-khatir, depressed, dispi-
rited, afflicted afsurda-dil, faint-hearted, low-spirited,
dejected, p.
^JJJJu*Jl afsanfin (a-\\riv6iov)^ wormwood, g.
{^jt»yk^\ afsos, m. vexation, sorrow, concern;
interj. ah ! alas ! afsos-k. or afsos-khana, to express
sorrow or regret, p.
ljy^\ a/sun, m. incantation, verses used in
spells or enchantments, fascination, sorcery. a/sSn-k^
a. to enchant, to use spells and incantations, p.
jU»»jjj*«il afsun-sdz, )m.B.n enchanter.one who
Ji^jyJ^ afsun-gar, ) uses spells, a sorcerer.
afsun-sdzi or afsun-gari, f. enchantment, witchcraft, p.
\Li\ ifshd, m. divulging, publishing, a.
^Lii! afshdn, dispersing, scattering, (used
chiefly in composition ; as, gul-qfshdn, strewing roses ;
zar-afshdn kdghaz. paper sprinkled with gold), p.
^li^Liil afshdndan, to scatter, disperse, p,
^i\JJl afshdrii, f. dispersion, sprinkling ; scat-
tered over ; as, qfshdni kagbflS, paper sprinkled over
with gold dust. p.
iiijJ!Li] afshurda, squeezed, filtered, p.
»-lil afshura {for db-shora,q,\.), lemonade,
sherbet, d. [correctly, a.
^as\ afsah, very eloquent, speaking very
JUai^ afzdl, (pi. of J-ai), graces, favours,
virtues, ifzdl, benefiting, making to excel, a.
^y>oj^afzal, \ . i, .
, ..| - , >• more or most excellent, a
JOuaSl afzaltar,)
C^tAiaJ\ q/2ra%a<,excellence,pre-eminence.a.
jUai\ iftar, m. breaking a fast. t^(or-Jfe.,a. to
break one's fast in the evening after fasting all day
as the Musalmans do in the month of Rdmaxan. a.
\kit
( 47 )
Lp^
(Cjlki\ iftdri, that which is proper for fast-
breaking, a.
JUii a/aZ, (pi. of Jje), actions, conduct, a.
^jti] afi (properly \^\ af'a), m. a ser-
■■ pent. a.
^UJi afghan, lamentation: interj. alas! p.
^J^\ afghan, the name of a race of people
who inhabit the country to the N. W. of Lahore,
called also Pathdns : they are supposed or rather they
themselves pretend, to be of Jewish extraction, a.
^Ui\ afghani, of or relating to the Afghans;
" the Afglsfln language, a.
"jj^ ufh, m. the horizon; a tract or region
of the earth ; (poet.) the world, a.
j^\ afkar (pi. of^), thoughts, meditations,
opinions, counsels, a.
}Si\ afgar, wounded ; m. a sore (on the back
of a horse, &c) p. [position, p.
^^\ afgan, overthrowing, (used in com-
^^lio^l afgandan, to throw down, to cast. p.
ld^x^\ afganda, overthrown, cast forth, af-
gandagi, f act of overthrowing, p.
jj>>^1 i/las,m. bankruptcy, penury, poverty,
want ; sometimes written iflasi. a. [Arabs), a.
^^yh'^\ ajlatun, Plato, (so called by the
ti)^^ ajlak (pi. of tdJiii), the heavens, hea-
venly spheres, a. [or heavenly spheres, a.
i^\ aflakl, celestial, relating to the heavens
"^yl rt/*wq7(pl.of— -y ),armies,crowds. afwaji-
kdhira, a victorious army, afwaji-shaiyatin, a host of
devils, met. a multitude of children, a.
»lyl afwah(p\. of 8y),m. mouths; f. doubt-
ful news ; fame, report a.
^^\^\ afwahl, famed,reported,noised about, a.
u^\ afim, f. opium, h.
, c^*ji\ afimchi, mA „ .
Sr'.l," - I an eater of opuim;
^-^ V . (fig.) a sot. h.
^^^\ afimt, m. J
/^yi\ afyun, f. opium. The inspissated juice
of the Papaver somniferum. a.
^y^\ afyuni, an opium-eater, a.
\9t Oifea, m. master ; owner, p. [dred. a.
^^S akarib (pi. of c-a^v), relatives, kin-
\S^\ akakiya, the acacia ; also the expressed
juice of its frmt. g.
&5oj ihala, the cancelling of a sale, on con-
dition of furnishing an equivalent for the original
price of the article ; breaking a contract, a.
jgJ^S akalim, (pi. of Jt^\), climes, regions, a.
wl ikamat, f. resting, staying, abode, resi-
dence, dwelling, a.
JUUl ikbal, m. prosperity, good fortune; feli-
city ; acceptance of a bond or bill. ikbal-da'w4, con-
fession of judgment a.
<^Xji[xi\ ikbal-mand, prosperous, of good for-
tune. iJcbal-mandl, f prosperity, good fortune, a. p.
/yiljuLJl ihtibas, m. borrowing (fire from
another) ; acquiring, procuring, gaining ; asking, beg-
ging ; quotation, a. [to imitate, a,
\i^3J^ iktidd, imitating, following, iktidd-k.,
.\djJs\ iktiddr, m. power, authority ; excel-
lence, dignity, a.
A^.s\ iktisdm, m. division, partition, a.
lyflV V\ iktisdr, m. abbreviation, abridgment,
restriction; determining or fixing the bounds of
any thing; failing, wasting, a,
Lali1 iktizd, claim, requisition, demand, a.
Jiij'\ ikddm, m. intrepidity, resolution, firm-
ness, spirit; endeavour, effort, diligence, attention,
care, ikddm-namudan, to approach, a.
^^^\ akdas, very holy, or most sacred, a.
S^ ikrdr, m. promise, agreement, assurance,
attestation ; confession, confirmation ; in the language
of the law it means the notification or avowal of the
right of another upon one's self, ikrdr-k., a. to pro-
mise, ikrdr-ndma, m. written agreement, indenture,
bond, contract, a deed of assent or acknowledgment
in general, ikrdri 'dmm, a public acknowledgment,
declaration, or confession ; a will or testament, ihrdr-
ddnapatra, a conditional deed of gift. a.
(CjlyJl ikrdrl, one who assents, acknowledges
or confesses, a.
j_^\Sl(C,yi ikrarl-asdnii, m. a prisoner who
"pleads guilty, a.
^^\y] akrdn (pi. of i^.^), equals (in age,
rank, &c.). a.
<^y\ ah-ab, most near, more near. a.
\jj\ akribd (pi. of *— .*?^*), kindred, friends,
allies, a. [ments. a.
\f\^\ aksdt (pi. of IxJJ), portions, instal-
^UJJl aksdm (pi. of ,•«*'), various kinds, of
every sort. a.
UojI aksd, 'I extreme, very or most distant,
J^*aJi ahsdj extremely, a. [of land. a.
cllail^ iAfa', cutting, dividing, an assignment
Jj^ akall, less or least, very little, a.
w
X}^yi\ akhal-bdr, the Indian shot-plant
{Carina Indica), a beautiful flower. The word seem*
to be a corruption of some Arabic term, (Binning) d,
u-ftiil ahlof, m. aMuhanimadan whoforsome
adequate cause has omitted circumcision, but is not
thereby disqualified from giving evidence in court, a.
j^\ ihUm, m. climate, country; according to
Moslem geographers, there are seven dkdlim "climates
or countries" which occupy a fourth part of the world,
called the ruh'i maskun " inhabited fourth part." The
other three quarters of the globe are supposed to be
utterly uninhabitable. (Binning), g.
} useless, of no avail (pro-
perly a-karath). d.
y1 ( 48 )
Jly^ ahmaly (pi. of JjS), words, sayings,
agreements, promises, a.
J^jI aliwam (pi. of f^), tribes, nations, a.
tiJT '^TfoF a/e (DaklianT, agr), m. curled flow-
ered gigantic swallowort {Asclepias gigantea), cele-
brated among native practitioners for its many me-
dicinal qualities ; a sprout of sugar-cane. s.
L^] ik (for uii)3) one (chiefly used in com-
pound expressions as) ik lattta, single, s.
o\ iV^/m, single, incompni-able, superexcellcnt;
m. an earring of a single pearl ; an ornament worn
on the wrist, often hollow, containing perfume; a
champion, who serves alone, without being attached
to any corps. ».
o\ ahha, m. a father ; a dear or intimate friend ;
f. an elder sister, d.
ji%\ akabir (pi. of^xit or ^Juo) the great or
grandees ; people of rank, akabir o af'g^ir, high and
low, rich and poor. a.
-rO^ ^ToRTW a-kqj, ra. loss, detriment; hurt,
injury,' prejudice ; uselessness. *.
f^^\ ^ToFTsft a-Zeq;?, useless (animal, thing,
"or person) ; a retarder. s.
J6\ W^FJitahar (corruptly akar),m. appear-
ance, aspect, shape, statue, likeness 5 hint, sign, token;
the letter ^T. S.
j6\ a-har,
C-JjO^ a-harat
^o^ '^<ki\iy\ a-karathf unprofitable, fruitless,
yielding no return, vain, h,
^}^\ 'Woh'K'in a-kavan, m. absence of cause;
adv. causelessly, groundlessly. s.
(^jtX\ v)i<*|<(| alms or ahas, m. the sky, the
firmament, the heavens; space; air; the fifth
element of the Hindus, more subtle than air, «ther.
Skds-bani, f revelation^ a voice from heaven, s.
C^fjii^j**^^ ^nwi^f^ akas-brifti, f. subsis-
tence not derived from any certain funds, or depend-
. ing on any particular person; living from hand to
mouth, s.
tiyo*"^' '«i<*<5f^'^ akas-brittt, one whose
subsistence is fortuitous, s.
Jjt^ i^_yX\ ^l<*l5f^55 akas-bel, f.the air-creeper
Cuscuta reflexa ?) : it has no root or leaves, but grows
on the tops of trees- t.
15)^0**^ t 'WToin^nT^ ahas-paman, m. a vege-
table growing on other trees; air-plant or dodder.
{Cuscuta reflexa). s.
btS (^_yX \ ^[dhl^f^m ahas-diya, m. a lamp
which the Hindus hang aloft on a bamboo in the
month of Kfirtik, a beacon (in Dakh., Akat-diwS). t.
i^^f^fo (_>^o^ 'anoIf'I^rHwl akax-muhht, ip. a
"devotee of the Saiva sect : iiis devotion consists in hold-
ing his face up to the sun, so that, after some time, it
is difficult for him to hold it in the natural position, i
J<!ja^t_j**ol WTcfil^^^ ahas-mandaly m
the atmosplicre, the celestial sphere. *.
^A'CJ**^' ^T<*l5J*ilH ahhs-nlm, m. a plant
growing- on the vim trees (a kind of Epidendron) t.
i.2J\
tiljO**''' ^loFT^I^TO^ akas-rvani, f. a voice
i " from heaven, revelation. «.
I j_^o^ ^oFT^ ika.si, eighty-one. h.
^^0 1 'Sir^T^ft ahasi, aerial, celestial, atmo-
•• splieric. Skdsi-barna, cerulean, azure, s. [akoM).
;^o I ^oFT^ ahnsh, m. the sky (same as
Jo) ^ojrr^ or »!T|oMq5 a-kal (or dital), m. a
famine, a general scarcity ; unseasonableness, extre-
mity, pinch; adj. unseasonable, untimely, premature.
a-kril-hrishti, untimely rain, akdl-phal, a fruit pro-
duced out of season, s.
(Joi ahkrd, a glutton, an enormous eater, a.
\J3ol 7e|il(i^'f{| ukdlna, a. to boil water. lu
J6\ 'vJi'sfclH a-ham, unprofitable, fruitless, t.
\-SX>l^l '^lifilB^I (ilidnhshd, f. wish desire, ex-
pectation; purpose, intention, t.
(JIa.mVI^ I ^TfllitfT^ dkdnkshit, desirous ; de-
sired, expected, s.
f^^^SS^ \ ^\^\^i dkdnkshtf desirous, full of
" hope, expecting ; asking, inquiring, c [one. K
4_^y 01 5eifT»T^ ikdnawwe or ikdnrve, ninety-
(^jo^ :l^«h1<4H ikdwan, fifty-one. h.
j\S\ ik-bdr (for ek bar), one time. h.p.
jii\ akbar, very great ; a man's name. a.
j^Ukjo \ a A&ar-aZ-ra,i, 'I presumptive evidence
{^\{^jiS\ ahbari-rdft, j sufficiently strong to
convict, a. «
^jj^\ akbari, of or relating to the Emperor
Akbar; name of a sweetmeat; also of a gold coin
worth a guinea and a half of our money, a.
\j^v \ ikpechd, head-ornament, h.p.
Cl^\ "WWit or Tf^ uhat or uhti, f. speech, what
is spoken, language ; contrivance, invention, ukat ba-
nana, to make up a story, to invent, contrive, ukat L
to discover, to find out. «.
f •• ..S \ "g^ ukta, spoken, used in law documents
for " aforesud, above named." *.
\jj^\ "WWilT^ uktdrna, a. to promote, to
forward, h.
•j\S$\ 94HI% uktaru, an instigator, promoter. A,
^j>^^\ j;W^i^ ifitaHs, forty-one. h.
\3\i^\ 94iAI^I uktdna, n. to fret, to be me-
lancholy or d^ected ; to be out of humour with, t»
be tired of, to ure. h.
W*VnjJ^^ iktisab, m. gain, acquisition, a.
\o3S\ iktifd, f. sufficiency, contentment. t'A-
t{fil-k., to content one's self; to stop short, a.
Oilok^^ ^HTHR ik-takfitaring with a fixed look. «.
^\ VHf^ a-kath, 1 not to be spoken,
!ij>^\ ^rwai a-kathyUf J unfit to be men
"tioned ; unutterable, obfoaae «. {jtnmdifoni^
^yS\ akti, f. the agati tree ( .^schffnomrm
^j'*JJ^^ wnft^ ihtisy thirty-one. 4.
dL-^1 ( ^
i£S\ "JcFT ukat, contrivance, invention, h.
\3lK\ "TcRTTrlT uktdna, a. to dig up slowly a
thing which is buried in the ground; to extracts
secret gradually and artfully ; to pump. h.
^jj^\ Toir7«n ukatnd, to be dug up, &c. (neut.
form of uktdna. ; a. to dig up). A.
^^\ ^^RTiiknthd, ^ together, in one
^jjl^''\ TofiTfiT ihthdn, \ and the same
\jj^\ '^^SZ^ilithaura,] place, united, s.
X'i\ aksar, most, many, much; adv. often,
usually, for the most part, generally, aksar-aukat,
often, frequently, generally, a.
ii-iS^\ aksariya, for the most part, chiefly, a.
CL^\ jjctiP^fl ik-chit, of one mind, unani-
mous, without wavering, s.
^j^fr\) ^— '(^!r ?«F2nTTT»I*«ir ih-chhat rdj-k.,
to rule everywhere. $.
_^\'^!r^SLa'kar, duty-free, exempt from duty. s.
S\ VN'Idh^ akar, f. aborigines; mine, quarry,
source ; multitude, s.
S\ X(T^X.dhar, f. the den of a lion or tiger;
(conjunct, pari, from ana), having come, h,
\S\ WehU a^ra, dear, oostly ; f. a kind of
grass so called, a kind of vetch, h.
J\S\ akrdm, (pi. of aJ^)) favours, kindnesses,
obligations ; honour, respect, a,
Jj(\ ikram, m. honouring, complimenting,
treating with attention and ceremony, a.
t\S\ ikrdh, f. horror, aversion, abhorrence,
detestation, a,
li>\i\ "Snirrnn ahardyd, f. ground not pro-
perly cleaned for receiving the seed. s.
Ot^T ^^fw ahriii, f. shape, figure ; like-
ness, image ; the body ; species, s.
j,i\^«l>f5'Ra-AW<Wm,inartificial,notmade.«.
{^S\ ^STolff dkarsh, m. attraction, fascina-
tion ; a magnet, a loadstone ; spasm. «.
C^Jm^'\ ^T«Ff%rf akarshit, ^ attracted,
viLji>j^T ^Wf dkrishta, j drawn. ».
Lil(S»/T ^o|f^ dkarshah, m. a magnet, a
loadstone, anything which attracts; at^. attractive,
magnetic (also akarshik).
fJ^S'\ 'gT^ M ^ dkarshan, m drawing, at-
traction. «,
^i»^T ^rrw^ dkarsht, attractive, s.
iJSf\ ^nr^ a-karkas, soft, not hard. ».
A^\ akram, very kind, merciful, a.
jtS\ ^ehA a-harm or a-Aarma, m. bad action,
sin, vice, wickedness, s.
^S\ ^srrgw dhram, m. ascending, superiority ;
tnrpassing, surmounting ; invasion, a seizing, s.
)
ijS\
\icS\ WW^ a-karmd, idle, unoccupied, f
til/«^\ ^ch^cR' a-karmak, intransitive (in
gram.), s.
rJU/«;^^ ^nir^m a-karmanya, useless, unpro-
fitable, good for nothing, i.
j<e.^\ yscw^ a-karmi, a wretch, sinner. «
,^J\ ^niRjff a-karnt, inconsistent, indecent,
unsuitable, not proper to be done. t.
cL^j.^! akrot, m. (for cl^jj*-)), a walnut, s.
jj.^l W^ akrur, not cruel, mild, humane,
gentle. «.
j^\ ^SWS akar, f. crookedness, strut, pride,
conceit, airs. h.
Vp\ ^4t5\ ahrd, stiff, affected, h.
ISVii 1 ■^d^^\^}akrdnd,Q.io distress, to imped^. h.
jbjpl ^oFs«ii*i akar-hdz, an affected persou,
a fop, a swaggerer, dkaf-bazi, swaggering, foppisl -
ness. h. p.
^J:\>\i\ WWfW^ akar-bd,t, f. the cramp, h.
'X^'y>\ akar-pakar, "1 m. stateliness, af-
jxi_j^\ ahar-takar, > fected airs, pride,
^'jijJ'':^\akram-takram,j haughtiness, h.
^y>\ ^oiryn akarnd, n. to writhe, to ache, to
cramp, to be cramped, to become stiff or distorted, as
one's limbs ; to strut affectedly, h.
• •^^ 4dki uhru, m. tlie posture of sitting on
the hams with the soles of the feet on the ground .
M'rm haithnd, to sit on the heels with the knees up.
wards, h.
yS\ ^iWf akru, affected, proud, conceited, h.
C^^\ ^«F%rr ahrait, an affected person, a
swaggerer, a fop. h.
jL-^\ ihsdr, (v. yah-sar), similar; of the
same sort. h. [to trim (a lamp), h
\i\jji\ "^TaRTtntn uksdnd, a. to excite, to roiisc^
,^^^\ %<^m iksath, sixty-one. h.
jj^^\ iksar {for yaksar), single, in a body, all at
once. p.
C->U-«^^ ^cFWni a-kasmdt (lit. without a
wherefore), immediately, accidentally, extempore, un-
expectedly, unawares, abruptly, s.
Uu*.^\ ^ oFTnn M^asna, n. to be excited, movec*.,
to try to move. h.
f^t^S aksi, f. a tree, the leaves and pods ri
"which are eaten as vegetables j probably the same as
aktt. q. V.
ji^\ i/ifiir, alchemy, chemistry ; the philo-
sopher's stone (or rather a calx of quicksilver used
in transmuting metals to gold), an elixir, dust, filings a.
fJiSS ^"^l ahsha, m. a die, cubic or oblong ;
the spots on dice, ahsha-hhdg, m. a deg^e of latitude, t
t^\ 'Sifgj ahshi, m. the eye. ahshi-tard. f.
the pupil of the eye. »
w
JS\ ( -50 )
(^JiS\ ?W ikshu, f. sugar-cane. tkshu-ra»,
ID. the juice of the sugar-cane, ikshu-sar, m. molasses,
raw sugar, ikshtt-kdnd, m. a species of sugar-cane
{saccharum munja). ikshu-mehl, diabetic, s.
^^^\LS\ 'Sl^Tt^ ukshansh, m. a degree of la-
titude or longitude, s.
tJl A ■'':.> \ ^^tT a-kshat, infallible, indelible;
remaining, continuing, m. whole grains of rice used
in religious ceremonies, fried grain, akshat-tilak, f.
the ceremony of putting a few grains of rice on the
forehead of an idol when addressed, or of a Brahman
when invited to an entertainment. «.
vii\ ^I^jnC ahshai', m. a letter of the alphabet.
akshari, lettered, writing a good hand, t
(J-^l ^cC 1^(19 a-AMi7ta/,unlucky, inauspicious.*.
^J\^^ ^^*i?ft ikshumati, f. name of a river
" in Bengal, the Issamutty. s.
^^Ji^^\ ^"BjTn^^ akshauhinif f. an aiiiiy
"(see achchhauhini). i.
iJ^\ W^^ a-kshay, imperishable, undecay-
"able. akshayata, f. imperishableness. akshay-briksh,
m. an undecayable tree, akshay-lok, m. the imperish-
able world, s. [abuse, t.
\_, \V^-^ \ ^WT%'I akshep, m. reproof, sarcasm,
^^\ ahl, m. food ; eating, akl-o-shurb, meat
and drink, eating and drinking, a.
^3^ 1 ^rrar^S aktU, confounded, perplexed,
confused, distressed, chiefly used in compound words, s.
^1 WtW^lahld, fleet, swift; peevish, h.
^^ i^4i<^ ikla, alone, single, (v. ihlauta). h.
t^^ ^<*ciJT^ ihla,i, f. loneliness ; name of an
"article of dress, h.
O^m ^?ir^«n akuldnd, n. to be agitated, to
be distracted, to be confused, to be out of order, to
tire, to weary, to be astonished, h. [made, s,
(-HaaKI '^fcBf^nr " kuljnt, not artificial, not
CLj^ I "^frrolif^lT dhulit, agitated, distracted, s.
liK I ^rar^TTT dkulatd, f. agitation, distress. 5.
UJSI Tcif^«n ukalnd, n. the intransitive of
ukalna, to boil, be boiling, h.
Aii\ Wflfif^T'fl' a-hulmi, f. a woman of a
"low caste or family ; adj. bad, base (woman), h.
\3^J^\ l^JR^in ihlauta, 1 single, solitary,
\xiyl^\ \W^K\ iklauntd, J alone, s.
^^\ \i\%<i>\ dhUy f. motion, agitation (par-
• ticularly of a carriage), h.
^J^\ 'WUraTTO a-halydn, ominous, unpropi-
tiouB ; disconsolate, uncomfortable. «.
^CJlM^p\ 74l9<lO nhlesarl, of or relating to the
town of Uklesar, famed for its paper manufacture. A.
Ajjf^ (J^' iktilu-l-jubal, m. (the crown of
the mountain), an herb smelling like frankincense,
rosemary, a.
CiiUl jjkKl iklilu-l'malik, m. (the king's
eruwn), meliloc •.
i
UjJS^ VW^S^ffr a-kutind, of no family, fil*.
beian, of low extraction ; ignoble, f. ahUiiu. a.
jjlv ' ikmdl, m. perfection, accomplishing, a.
jJ-^1 akmal, perfect, very complete, entire,
full. a.
C*x»il ^cdfuirf a-kampit, firm, unshaken, $,
«-lAX»i I ^r<* r*t|"H a-^a7n^i<,8haken,trembling.».
ij^ \ 'SlIohUiH dkampan, m. shaking, trem-
bling, s.
x^\ akmak, born blind, a.
(^\ ^rraST dkan, grass and weeds collected
from a ploughed field, h. [confines, sides, a.
u-ilj>j^ akndf(jp\. of^^QyS), environs, borders,
udUii\ ^'c|i4jdoh a-kantak, free from thorns, s.
■^ ^foh'sgw a-hinchan, poor, needy, desti-
tute, dkinchan, m. poverty, s,
(j^j^\ ahnun, now, at present, p.
j^\ ^^^^^ akor, f. a bribe; coaxing (a cow
that has lost her calf, that she may be tractable), h.
(_c,y \ ^oft-d akori, one who receives a bribe, h.
J^^\ akul (same as Jli^^), a glutton, &c. a.
^^^\ "WoR^qS altol, m. a plant, the oil of which
is used in enchantments (Alangium hexapetalum). ».
Si^\ ^rgp^ «^wawc?,m.swalIowwort(-4sc/epia«
gigantea). h.
V^l ^rfBT dithd, m. a riddle, a sieve; a bag
filled with grain, of which two are carried by a bul-
lock ; a pair of grain-bags used as a pannier, h.
J\^\ "^WSulihnr, f. rooting up, extirpation. L.
\j\^^\ ^^ITT ahhdrd, m. a palaestra, or place
for wrestling, a scene ; any place of assembly; coa<t,
circus. Lidr kd akhdra, Indra's court, h.
\>j\^\ ^^W[Z^^ uhkdrnd, a. to root up, to eradi-
cate, dislocate, h. [eradicatcb. h.
jij'l^^^ '^W^^^uhhdru, m. one who digs up or
Jl^\ ^^Tq5 nlihdl, m. act of vomiting; an
emetic, ukhal-pukhdl (also ukhal tvakhdl), m. cholera-
morbus, vomiting violently, h.
^\^\ 7^T^5*TT ukhdlnd, a. to vomit, h.
^jjLi»U^\ viK^qiHiitJ dklai-pdshdn, m. a kind
of mineral, a loadstone. «.
C*^l •*Jiy rt or 'wWiT dkhat, akhat,m. (same as
akshat), whole or unbroken rice, employed inobU-
tions. «.
j<^^ ^^^T ikhattar, seventy-one. h.
2h^^ ^^nrtif alihtlj, the 18th day of J3at-
sdkh, a Hinda festival A.
u4^\ !^4!lgl i/thattd, together, in one place, h.
Ua^\ '^■^^rn ukhapnd, n. to trip, to stumble, h.
j^ wr^R dkhar (v. ^ • )» not. the den of a
wild beast k.
J^
( 51 )
\fr
j^^ ^Wt. akhar, plenty, abundance, d.
^j^^ W^ a-kharb, tall, long, large, s.
iJL>jj^i\ "^^^ akhrot, m. a walnut; the fruit
of the aleurites triloba, h.
j^\ ^n^^ akhar, undisciplined (soldier), bar-
barous, uncouth, ugly. h.
)j^^ ^Wp ahJtra, rude, ill-shaped, ahhra
Matt, an ill-formed piece of writing, h.
uljf^l ■g'^^TfT uhkrana, a. (same as uhharna),
pluck up, eradicate, h.
uy^I ^<ss«iT uhharna, n. (intr. o{ uhharna),
to be rooted up, plucked up, raised up ; to slip out (as
a bone, &c.). ukhapia pukhapia, to be plucked or
rooted up. h. [whole, all, every. *.
<J4^^ ^^^ or 'Wf^^ a-hhal or a-khil, the
jj^i ^^^^ ithhal, 1 m. & f. a wooden mor-
j_^^\ '^■^^ uhhli, J tar for pounding rice
"or other grain. *.
^•♦4^1 4«i»i»f uhhmaj (for Tf(^ u.ihmaj),
^ gnats, flies, musquitoes, &c., insects produced by
heat. s. [whole, s.
Sx^^\ W^m? a-khand, unbroken, entire, the
03Jk^\ ^^ftpTT a-khandit, unbroken, con-
tinuous ; unrefuted. s.
ci-J^n ^^^ akhot, m. the walnut tree. h.
fc^^ ^W^ akhai, everlasting, not liable to
"decay, akhai-bar or akhai-brlkh, the undecayable
tree. s.
U^^l ^n^m akhya, f. name, appellation. $.
C^^jJ 1 ^ern^rnr dkhyat, said, spoken ; deno-
minated, named, s.
Ci\x^\ ^R^miT a-khyat, unknown, obscure, s.
cLa^T wrar akket, m. (v. aher), the chase,
bunting, pursuing ; terror, fright. «. ^
tiJuu^^ I ^^fTcF akhetik, m. a hound, s.
^jX^\ ^"pTT ukherna, a. to eradicate, to
pluck up, root up. h. [pluck up. h.
'o\y'iK^^\ g^^WT«Tf ukherrcSna, a. to cause to
\jf\ ^^m akaiya, m. one of the sacks or
baskets of a pannier, h.
C^jS\ ^Wif^ a-klrti, f. infamy, disgrace, s.
{jt^\ JW^Tl ihkis, twenty-one. A.
^)u^\ WSS^ akela, alone, single, solitary, h.
lJJui/\ ^^^»n ukelna, a." to turn up. h.
Li)T wi^T atj, f. fire; ag uthana, a. to raise
disturbance, to enrage, to provoke, ag bag-h, to be
hotly enraged, ag bujhdnd, a. to extinguish ; to ap-
pease a tumult, to pacify a quarrel, to still resentment.
ae barasnd, n. to rain fire (applied to the extreme heat
of the sun. or to a hot fire of cannon or musketry in
battle), ag banid, n, to be enraged ; to be very angry.
ag bharkdnd, a. to inflame, dg bliaknd and dg phdnknd,
a. to speak idle wordu, to boast, ag papia, n. to be
enraged ; as mert baton se us-par Sgpaffi hat, he ia en-
raged at my words, dg dend, a. to apply the fire, Vo
bum a Hindu corpse, dg sulgdna, a. to inflame, to
excite sedition, to foment a quarrel clandestinely, dg-
karnd, a. to make any thing exceedingly warm ; to
excite envy or anger (used among women), dg lagand,
to set fire to, to inflame ; to enrage, to raise disturb-
ance, dg lagdke parii le danrnd, a. to play tricks, to
deceive ; to pretend to appease a quarrel which one
has purposely excited, dg lagnd, n. to take fire, to be
enraged, to be very hungry, dg lage par billt kd mut
dhundhnd or vidngnd, a. to put off, to delay, or excuse
one's self on vain pretences (the literal translation,
though highly expressive, would sound somewhat
musty), dg lene ko and, n. to come to get fire, is spoken
of a friend who goes to visit another, and leaves him
quickly, dg men pdnt ddlnd, a. see dg bujhdnd. dg
men kisi ki jalnd, or lotnd, or ghair ki dg menjalnd,
a. to bring reproach upon, to accuse, to suffer for
another, ag men lotnd, n. to be afflicted with grief or
melancholy, dg hotid, n. to be enraged; or, as the
Vulgate hath it, " to flare up." s.
\ ag, m. Dakhanl, for ak, q.v.
IT I ^TTTT aga, m. the front, the space in front
of a house ; the fore part of a turban, dgd lend, to
take the lead, or precede. *.
lijA^-vlTT ^BTTTT ^^"2^1 ojRiTT aga-pickha-k.
n. to hesitate, to waver, boggle.demur, to prevaricate h.
Jbd\^\ ^Tttvi nr ^{mVia-gadh or agadh, bottom-
less, unfathomable, agddhatd, f. extreme depth, un-
fathomability. s.
jli I 'snTTT agar, m. a house, s.
}^\ 'WTR cigar, avarice, covetousness. d.
»io\ ^TK^ igarah, eleven, igarahrvan, the
eleventh. «. [advance, m.
(tfjoT ^TTTTft agart, f. money, &c., paid in
U"o\ 'SBRT^ (igo.ra, m. the name of a plant
said to cure the bite of venomous reptiles {Achyra%dg$
aspera). Same as chirchird. h.
j^*\il ^rnrt agafi, before, forward, further
on ; f. the ropes with which a horse's feet are tied ;
the front, the fore-part, agdfi mdrna, to attack in
front, to defeat a hostile army in pitched battle, agafi
pichhdri lagdnd, to confine (particularly a horse). A.
;^l^\ agas (v. akas), the sky, &c, d.
i^^\ "Wn^ agasi, m. f. a turban; a terrace
"in front of an upper room ; the cry of a kite. h.
Jl^\ TTTqS ugal, m. that which is spit out
after chewing any thing (particularly betel leaf), dp
kd ugdl merd adhdr, your worship's leavings are my
nourishment, i.e. you are my support and benefactor, h.
^J\i^^\ 5fxii(55i^lff ugal-dan, m. a spit-box. h.
t^\ ^\m^ agdnft, coming, about to come ;
•• future, s.
\S\^\ U'JIHI ugdnd, a. to raise, cause to grow. s.
^\$\ ^PUH agd,u, adv. before, in front. a^a,M-
jana, to advance in order to meet a person coming on
a visit ; m. an advance of money. *.
»\iT dgdh, informed of, acquainted with, in-
telligent, p. [to accumulate. /.
Ujbl^l Trn?«n ugdhnd, a. to collect, to gather,
jJbl^T dgdht, f. intelligence, wariness, p.
E 2
\S]
( 62 )
r^
^Jblf 1 '^iTT^ wjjfoAI, f. usury ; the trade of
"lending money on interest of one fourth, the payment
of which is received by instalments, h,
fJLf^l ag-hot, a steamboat. The latter part of
this term is English, the former signifies "fire." h.
(A word like this can hardly with propriety be in-
serted in a Dictionary ; but it is now so commonly
used, that it may be considered a naturalized Hindu-
stani term.) Binning.
cl*A^I <^iifr a-gupta, unhidden, unconcealed, s.
ClJ\ "TTTTr ugat, growing, springing up ;
production, h.
CjS\ "SfirfiT a-gati, dishonoured, disfrraced,
without character; one whose funeral ceremonies are
not performed; f. distress, disgrace, inconvenience,
damnation, condemnation. «.
lIa^I ^THIT agfjt, come, arrived, s.
jo\ ^T(^T. agattar, coming, arriving, s.
^^\ ^mft agti (for ^J^l), the agati tree. s.
GLk^l 'SPTJ agat, m. a butcher's stall, h.
\!iji\ '^ mA \ agatna, a. to collect or assemble.
ugatnd, a. to revile, to give abusive language, h,
i\ agar, if, though, although, when. p.
p\ ^iR agar, I m. wood of aloes, a kind
J,\ 'SPT^ aguru, J of fragrant wood, agal-
lochum {Aquillaria agallocha) : another tree which pro-
duces bdellium {Amyris agallocha); the sisu tree (Dal
bergia sisoo) ; light, not heavy, s.
i\ ^TT ugra, m. wrath, anger; adj. wrathful,
cruel, savage. «.
J>\ 'enr agra, m. the forepart of a thing ;
adj. prior, first, agra-gami, preceding ; m. forerun-
ner, agra-grds, m. the first morsel, agra-sar, m. a
guide ; adj. preceding. «.
^ \ Wm^ agar, m. a salt-pit. h.
\j^\ ^tn ugra, angry, cruel, wrathful, s.
.\J\ agrar, m. a village inhabited entirely by
Brahmans; the quarter of a town or village occupied
by Brahmans. d. [sel. s.
i^jt»\^\ aggras (for agra-gras),-ai.X\\e first mor-
(^^y\ ^innTr agras, 1m. victuals offered
t^y^\S\ ^nn^nr agrasan,) in oblations, sa-
crifices, &c. to the gods. *.
iu>-J\ agarchi, although, though, p.
y*»S^ '^Pnrnc agra-sar, m. he who goes first, a
leader, a chief. «.
mmy*»P^ 'Snnft^ agra-soch, m. providence,
foresight, precaution, forethought. «.
^j».y*»i\ 'WV^^ agra-sochi, provident, en-
" dued with foresight, t.
jjj\ agru, a species of bird, the thrush, d.
'!^\jS\ ^ n i,qi<j5T agar-Tvald, a race of mer-
chants, of the Vais tribe (from Agroh&. a place to the
weatofDihli). h.
(j-j^i agru,i, f. fire-cotton, i. e. tinder, d.
lj>\ agra, m. the city of Agra ; also called
Akbar-abad. h.
'1>J>\ ^nzr? agrah, m. favour; seizing, sur-
passing, surmounting ; power, ability, t.
i^}^S \ ^TRT^PnO agrahayan, m. the first
month of the Hindu year (November — December). ».
(_^.lfc.5 I ^I^^I^Tfft agrahayani, f. the day of
" full moon in the month Agrahayan ; a constellation of
three stars, the first of which is Orionis, figured by an
antelope's head ; hence also mrig-shiras. s.
(j^^\ ySJT^ agari, If the colour of the
\i^^\'^nfxv[\ agariya,) wood of aloes, t.
{ji \ ^THTlt agar'i, m. a manufacturerof salt.A.
jS'l agar (for dkar, q.v.), strut, pride, d.
\y\ 'SFRT agra, m. an ear of corn or rice
which has been blighted, h.
J^^^ 'Wnf^Tf agar-hagar, m. trifling em-
ployment, or talk; trifles, trash; adj. promiscuous,
composed of odds and ends. A. [lamp. d.
UL*^\ ugsana, to snuff a candle, to trim a
C^^\ ^mftcT agasti (for agastya), m. a sage
celebrated in Hindu mythology: he is represented of
short stature, and to have been born in a water-jar ;
he is famed for having swallowed the ocean when it
had given him offence. At his command the Vindhja
mountain prostrated itself, and so remains. Name of
a tree {JEichynomene grandlfiora) ; name of a star {Ca-
nopus). s. [tribe of rdj-puts. h.
j\^L^\ wreRT^ agastwdr, name of a small
J^T agal, before, in front, agal, m. a bar
or bolt. d.
^^ ^n^ST agld, prior, preceding, former, the
foremost, the first, the chief, the best ; ancestor, an-
cient ; other, second, next, h,
ulJ^^T ^T^yr^iT dgalant, up to the neck. *.
U^^ '?r»T^»TT ugnlnd, a. to spit out, to vomit;
met. to refund property surreptitiously obtained, t.
S\ ^rpm dgam, m. futurity ; a Hindii scrip-
ture dictated by Mahadeva; a shastra containing
spells and incantations ; a shastra or work on sacred
science ; (in law) a voucher or document, agam-hdndh-
nd, to determine the future, to foretell. d^am-janJ
or dgnm-gnydnl, having the skill of foreknowing, pro-
gnosticator. deam-bidyd, f. the art or science of fore-
telling. affam-oaAr^rt, foreteller, predictor ; Shiva, one
who tells the doctrines of dgam. s.
J\ ^iTH a-gam, for 'W'T*^ a-gamya, impas-
sable, impervious, bottomless, deep, unfordable, nnao-
complishable, incomprehensible, unattainable t.
S\ "STHH uguin, m. grovvinj: becoming, d.
^^] ^^V[W^ dgaman, ra. coming, arriving,
proceeding. *.
L^ WTTT'TT dgmand, m. the advanced
guard ; adj. adventurous, venturesome ; forward,
early (as fruit), t.
r^
j<*M ^iWI^ aganiif m one who foretells the
•• future, s.
ajLpl '■SIJII-M a-gamya, deep ; impassable, inac-
cessible, impenetrable, impervious, s,
^^ "^[fr^ agni (vulg. agin), m. fire; the south-
east ; (in Hindu mythology) god of fire, and regent of
the south-east quarter ; also the name of one of the
Puranas; the fire of the stomach, the digestive fa-
culty, appetite, agni-bdn, m. arrow of fire, a rocket.
agni-prastar, m. fire-stone, flint, agni-parlksha, f. the
fiery ordeal, by a heated iron or boiling oil, or passing
through fire, agni-sanskdr, m. funeral ceremonies, as
burning a dead body, or any ceremony performed with
consecrated fire, agni-garbha or agni-mani, m. the sun-
stone, a fabulous gem, supposed to contain solar
heat, s,
^^\ VH^M agin, m. the name of a bird ; sort
of lark. h.
^^\ llHUr a-gun, unskilful, ineffectual, void
of good qualities ; m. a defect, a fSault. «.
^^ i*Ml ugna, n. to grow, to spring (as
plants) ; to rise (as the moon), ugte hi jaljana, to be
withered as soon as it springs up, is applied to a hope
or expectation which is blasted in the bud. h.
^j^lxiS^ vyfMMI^ agni-bdn, m. a kind of fiery
missile, a rocket, s.
3 ^tir^ ^f'H'JI'*! agin-hd,o (or agni-ba,o),f.
the farcy, in horses ; an eruptive disease in men ; ery-
sipelas, s. [counted, s.
d* « ^\ ^if^mf a-ganit, innumerable, not
f^sS \ dgnndan, to fill, to cram. p.
ulU^^ 'Sf'f^eS agnik, m. an insect of a scarlet
colour, the lady-bird. t.
yj'^y^\ ^fx^f^tfT agni-hotri, m. a Brahman
who maintidns a perpetual fire in his house. «.
^\ agm, f. (see 'SifiH agnt), fire, &c. s.
*S I WPT dgu, forward, before ; heretofore, h.
\S\ ^JWI agmd, foremost ; m., also agu,a, a
g^de, a forerunner, harbinger; one who adjusts a
marriage, h.
\S\ WfWT dgwa, also dgu,d, m. a pommel, h.
•y \ VHK agwdr, a portion of corn set apart
for village servants, like the customary "sbarpiiig
com " in England, h,
Ij^ji^ VHIil agwdrd, m. the front, the fore-
part; the space in front of a house, h.
^*t^^^ ^'IMKl1 agroasi, the body of the
"ploagbshare. h. [binger (see agwa). h.
f^^^^ ^»nT«ft agrvdm, m. a guide, har-
-J>^y \ ^'r*lli^ agwa.hi,\t burning, confla-
/«^i\ ^'RT^ agwd,t, J gration (of a city,
forest, &c.). h. [ship. s.
4?^«i\ ^141^ agwdfi, f. guidance, leader-
^y^ WitMi. a-gochar, imperceptible, unseen,
invisible ; m. the Invisible, Supreme, s.
( «8 ) ^
j^\ ^'mtagaur, m. an advance of rent. h.
jy\ "^^Xtt. agor, \m. one who watches
bj^l wfirmi agoritfd,) over the crops, &.c.
agor-batd,t, a division of the crop after reaping, h.
I3,y\ ^nftlTrr agorna,a, to watch, to guard, k.
^jy^ ^^frir^ agoriyd, m. watchman, or
guard, (v. agar), h.
ijj^\ ^^ a-gurh, easy, manifest, evident.
agufh-bhd.o, open, honest, candid- *.
(J>j^^ •^'i\{i agofi or'wft^agori/m advance,
beforehand, h. fna. k,
\^ji\ •e<*fl<j5*il agolnd, a. to watch (v. agor-
viJy ^ ^jfY^ agaund, the top of the sugar-cane
cut up for seed. *,
j^y \ '5rift»rt agauni, f. the going or sending
forward to meet and receive a visitant with honour.
agaunt-k., to advance to meet the bridegroom at
wedding, or a visitant on the road. h.
^\ ^^(Tt agh, m. sin, guilt, wickedness, s.
^\ dgah (for dgdh), informed, wary. p.
(JL>\^\ WUTZ a-ghdt, m. land held in perpe-
tuity and not alienable. #.
j\^\ "^VJt aghdr (v. agar), avarice, d.
j^S I ^TTK dghdr, m. sacred food, which
Hindus place before an idol ; ghl, or clarified batter, h.
{Jj^\ ^TTTTft aghdrt, affected with avarice, k.
\j^\ W9TfT aghdrd, m. name of a plant said
to cure the bite of venomous reptUea. h,
^j^^ 9Mli«ll ughdrnd, a. to discover, to un-
veil, to pull off. h. [or unveila. k.
JLj v^ ■^^H]^ ughdrut m. one who discovers,
Ul^l ^VMT aghdnd, a. to surfeit, to satiaie ;
n. to surfeit, to be satiated; a4j- satiated; rioh,
a£Eluent. h.
tj\^\ tl'^!^ cghd,i, f. satiety, surfeit, h.
bj^\ VUffil ugharnd, n. to be uncovered,
opened, pulled off. h.
i^^\ ^r^JHJ aghmajf, sinful. »,
fj^\ ^T^ aghan, m. the name of the eighth
HindQ month (during which the son is in Scorpio, and
the moon is full near Orion's head (November — De-
cember), s. [grass. A.
(^^ (^j^^ ^Htr TJTH aghin-ghds, m. lemon
LiLlrtU^\ 'WXITrr^IcF agh-ndshak, adj. puri-
fying, freeing from sin. t.
,J^\ ^'li^^l aghani, relating to aghan ; the
" produce of that month, aghani fcifl, the cold harvest
weather. *. [terrible. «,
j^^\ ^tflr; aghor, m. a name of Shiva ; adj.
,^f!JJ^j^\ ^xftC^'VI aghor-panh, ra. a prirti-
colar religious order among HindOs. «
^\
( 54 ^
'is
L^F^fj3^^ ^"^^-^^ (tghorpa7itht,'\ used sah-
(^j^\ ^nftT^ aghort, J stantive-
I7, professing aghorpanth, an order of religious men-
dicants, who eat every thing, however filthy, even
human carcasses ; hence, a gross or filthy feeder, s.
f^j^\ ^Tf|<t aghori, covetous, greedy, d.
leif^ agahi, f. (v. agahi), information, &c. p.
jJT Wj\ age, before, beyond, more, ago, al-
•• ready, in future, formerly, forwards, onwards ; hence,
or henceforth, rather, sooner, age dhar-lena, to get
before, to outstrip, to surpass, to pass (as a horse in a
race), age-ana, to come forward ; to return, to revert ;
a. to hasten, to accelerate, dge-lana, to bring forward,
to advance, s.
iS\ age ! O thou! (applied to a female), d.
Us I yxx^ or ■^r^rr agya, agya (or agnya), f com-
mand, order, dgyd-patr, m. an edict, a written order.
agyd-bhang, m. disobedience, insubordination, dgyd-
kdr, or dgyd-kdri, obedient, executing orders, s.
Uj^ ^T'tTT agaiya, a disease which affects the
rice plant, which thereby is parched up. h.
ui^ wf^rar dgiya, m. the name of a bird
{Alauda Aggia, Buck.), t.
JUuoU^i VSC^I^dl^ agya-haital, m. a demon
who rules over fire. h.
OUil ^rSTil (i-gyat or a-gnyata, unknown,
inexperienced, ignorant, simple, agnydta-jauhana or
-yauwand,i. a full-grown girl, arrived at maturity, and
■urprised at the symptoms which then appear, not
knowing to what to attribute her sensations. *,
(_yjljp) WimO' (igyoiri, f. kindling the fire at
the time of devotion (by Hindfls). h.
{^jtX^\^\ agya-ghaSf m. lemon grass, d.
^Usl ir^ltf a-gyan or a-gnyan, witless, igno-
rant ; m. ignorance, s.
Ijljol ^5nnn«fT agyana, a. to burn vessels of
metal for the purpose of cleaning them. h.
ijii:)^^ ^FI*l^r«T a-gydn-pan, state of igno-
rance, s. [pidity. s.
Ijolji'l ^rsritTWT a-gyanata, f. ignorance, stu-
fj\^\ ^^TR^ a-gyam, ignorant, unwise, s.
jjupl agett, f. a chafing-dish, or brazier; also
"a flower-pot. d.
*;JoT ^BTT^^; agaira, m. the first sheaf of the
crop, presented to the zamlnd&r. h.
^>Jif\ dgtn, full (used in comp.). p.
ftAi I ^SU a-gya, idiot, stupid, ignorant, s.
fj\ al, the, the Arabic definite article (vide
Hind. Gram, page 18). a.
J\ ^f^ all, m. a large black bee, a scorpion,
an Indian cuckoo {cuculus indkus), a crow, spirituoua
liquor, t.
Jl W55 dlf f. the name of a tre<% from the
root of whicli a red colour is extracted for staining
leather, dyeing silk, &c. {Morinda citr\folia) ; m. yeC
low orpinicnt. li.
(Jt dl, f. children, progeny, descendants, off-
spring, race, dynasty. N.B. al is commonly used to
express a race or family by the mother's side ; in con-
tradistinction to auldd, a race &c. by the father's
side. (Binning), a.
(J 1 ^rrf^ dli, f. a female friend, a damsel, s.
jl\ ^TqJT did, m. a small recess in a pillar or
wall, for holding a lamp, &c. ; adj. wet ; running (aa
a sore) ; land saturated with (rain) water ; a basin or
hole dug at the root of a tree. A.
^^ ^WT illd, m. a wart. h.
y\ illd, hpsides, except, otherwise, unless, if
not ; sometimes a superfluous negative na is added to
this particle, a.
C->^ I ^T^T^ or "f^^SVl dldp, (corruptly aldp)^
f. prelude to singing; m. intercourse, conversation,
association ; enumeration of the questions in an arith-
metical or algebraic sum. s.
^b^I dld-pdld, m. the leaves of trees, d.
(jf,U-<— *^1 ^li^STI-'flTft dldp-chdri, f. the act
of tuning the voice previous to singing, s.
\y>a\ ^^1W{\ aldpnd or ^ic«m«ll dldpnd, to
tune the voice, to run over the different notes previous
to singing, to catch the proper key, to sing, to tune. t.
0^1 dldt, n. (pi. of CJT), tools, instru-
ments, utensils, apparatus, a.
i^^j\ aldtuni, vague, undetermined, d.
W-^\ ildchd, m. a kind of silk and thread
*cloth. d.
^t^^^ 3^^!^ ildcht, f. large cardamuma.
" Uachi-bdAtnd, to distribute cardamum8,a kind of mar-
riage or wedding ceremony, ildchi-pandu, a kind at
wild fruit, ildcht-bondd or -dora, capsule of cardA-
muras. ildchl-ddne, a kind of sweetmeat, h.
l^^^ '3"^t«n iddrnd, a. to cause to sleep, h.
'c!^\ uJdgh, m. an owl. t.
"CiiiS uldk,{. a kind of small boat. p.
^*^\ aldkl f.(pl.of VflJ^),questions,problems;
■ misfortunes, a. [to one side, t,
U) ai <fc3S'TQ&'«1l tddlnd, a. to overset, to lay over
j^ \ a/am (pi. of J\),care8,griefs,misfortune8. a.
jjUa\ al-amdn, m. mercy, quarter; calling
for quarter in battle, a. [Claudian). L
jjU^\ aldmdn, a German (Lat. Alcmanni,
^al ^T^ltf dldn, m. the post to which an
elephant is tied, or the rope that ties him. *.
^j^^ al-dn, now, the present time. al-d7i katna
kdna, now as formerly ; just as heretofore, as usual,
as formerly, a.
\i^\ "W^TJTT alldnd, n. to bawl, to scream, to
squeak, h.
U'a\ ildnd, m. race, family, kindred. ulduOf
act of what is vulgarly called " throwing up in one's
teetli," or " reminding one of former services."
Isi
( 55 )
)\
')i\ ^^im ald,o, 1 m. a bonfire, flame, a
'j^l ^WT^T allarvd, r blaze: it also denotes a
lji\ ^T^; nldwa, J fireplace, especially ap-
plied to a hole in the front of the shade where the
paraphernalia of the Muharram show are deposited,
and in which a fire is lighted every evening during the
festival, h.
\j^y\ <5cjJi5«TT uldhna, m. reproach, chiding,
complaint, h.
'-^Jal ^^rrq^T ildyachd, m. (v. iiacha), a kind
of cloth woven of silk and thread. ».
s-
j_^^^^i ^^^^ ild,echt or ildyachm, f.
large cardamums. s.
(jijal dldyish, f. filth, pollution, p.
U^ ' '««*cj5'Ti<jS dlbdl, m. a circular basin round
the root of a tree for the purpose of watering it. *.
sjJW al-hatta, certainly, indeed, verily, a.
Jj3\ alburz, a celebrated mountain in Hama-
dan, in Persia, famous among the fire-worshippers, p.
^Ja^\ ^^5>?q5T a//>/<e/a,1 artless, simple, inno-
^)af5^ 'Mc^^cill alheld, J cent ; m. a fop, a
beau, albeit, a belle, a coquette, albel-pan, or albel-
pand, foppishness, frivolity, airs and blandishments, h.
t-*5\ ^r5«J alp, little, small, few, short, alpatdy
f. smallness, minuteness, insignificance, alpahar, mo-
derate, abstemious ; m. moderation, alpdharl, mode-
rate, alpayu, short-lived ; young, alp-huddhi, ignorant,
silly, alp-bal, feeble, of little strength, alp-prabhdo,
insignificant, of little weight, alp-pramdn, of little
authority, alp-pramdnak, credulous, resting on little
evidence ; of little weight, alp-shakti, weak, feeble.
alp-mdtr, a little only ; a short time, a few moments, s.
ciL*j3^ ulpat, m. name of a stroke in sword-
play ; a reflex or inverted blow. d.
^^jjJ\ alpin, m. (vide nlftn, &c.), a pin. d.
\SJy\ dlat, f. a tool, an instrument, appara-
ratus ; the running rigging of a ship ; a rope (in the
lingo of Indian seamen), membrum virile; veretrum
animaliuin. a.
li-M ^^»n or ^Tl^nn olfd or dltd, ni. cotton
strongly impregnated with the dye of lac, ready to be
used for dyeing, &c., principally used by the Hindu
women to stain their feet red. s.
^jjj\jJ5\ iltibds, being obscure, ambiguity,
perplexity, " double entendre." a.
\^ iltija, f. a request; flying to in cases of
necessity ; a petition, refuge, protection, illija-burdan,
to seek refuge, a.
^Uj3\ iltizdm, m. being necessary, expedient,
being assiduous, taking on one's self. a.
C^Vft>J\ iltifdt, f. friendship, kindness, obli-
gation, cdurtesy, respect ; (in rhetoric) an apoBtrophe.a.
(__j*»\.^\ iltimds, m. f. beseeching, petitioning,
supplicating, prayer, request a.
\»»I3l altamghd or dltamgkd,m. aTurkish word,
signifying the red patent, the impression of the impe-
rial seal affixed to grants Ike. being in red ink. It
is a grant of land under the royal seal, conveying the
property to the first proprietor and his heirs, in per-
petuity, and escheating to government only in default
of issue, or forfeited by delinquency. It also denotes
a kind of tax levied on travellers. Among the Turks
it signifies a stamp on gold or silver plate, to certify
its being of standard purity. See further, Wilson's
Glossary, t.
^_^^ ^QSfll^ altanl, f. the rope round tlie
**neck of an elephant, in which the driver puts his feet,
as in stirrups, h.
1^1 iltiwd, hanging back, procrastinatinfj,
deferring, a. [ment. && /».
y^^ ^C!9"«ii t//^Aa, m. translation (of a doou-
l-^^j3\ iUihdh, m. burning, heat. a.
^^4^^ ^f^viHT vlathnd, n. to undulate, to be
agitated (as the ocean by storms), h,
l«uJkJ\ iltiyarii, allaying, soothing, curing, a.
«-ii*3\ ^^7 ulat, m. act of upsetting or over-
turning, h,
ViJi ^55Tr ultd, reversed, turned back; re-
verse, contrary, opposite; m. pease-pudding, a kind of
pudding made of the meal of any pulse. uUd-pultd,
topsy-turvy, higgledy-piggledy, all in confusion. /*.
uU)\ ■^'c^iMT nJiand, a. to turn upside down,
pervert, overset, overturn, thwart, h.
UUb 131aJ\ g"^T«TT Ti^TT'TT ultdnd pultdnd^ a.
to reverse, modify ; to interchange, h.
c!LJo.cL«3^ iJt«l'<JM^T ulat pulat, higgledy-pig-
gledy, topsy-turvy ; f. confusion ; interchange ; decep-
tion, imposition, h. [flower. A.
Jy^xiJ^ "^cjSS^^^ ulat-hanwal, m. name of a
\^\ '^c^<SHT ulatna, a. to pervert, to subvert,
to thwart, to overturn, to reply ; n. to be reversed.
uldt-jdnd, (Dakh.), to be proud, h.
lil^\ ulthdnd, a. (same as ultdnd), to per-
vert, upset, &c. h.
cLAj; ,^\ tddth-palat (v. ulat-palaf). h.
U^\ ulathnd (v. tilatnd), to turn, &c. ulthe-
pdyOn, on returning, ulthd mar, a reverse blow or back
strike, ulthi taJcrir, a perverted speech or declaration.
iJfhi samajh, a perverse or absurd idea. h.
cj4. al-ju! interj. used in complaining of
hunger ; lit. the hunger ! a.
0^4-' '555*!»J«TT tdjhdnd, a. to entangle; to
ravel or entwist (as thread), to involve, to embroil, h.
•l^' ■gr^SSKJ^ uljhd,o, m. entanglement, per-
plexity, h.
Ki\s^,^:-^J.^ ■?^*R.5^*K.»n^ ulajh-pulajh-j.^
n. (see ulajhnd, to be entangled, &c.). h.
(j^ ■^qTI^'JT vljhan, f. involution, the state
of being entangled, complication, a.
• "^^W^^idajhnd or ilajhnd, n. to be en-
tangled, to be involved in a quarrel or difficulties ; to
Quarrel, to debate, h.
^'
4^'
( 56 )
udJ\
^''AA • ^c?%^V uljhera or iljhera, m. the state
of being entangled (see tdjhan), h.
^j^ "^^^tTT ulachna, a. to throw out the
water from any thing ; to drain, h.
f^ ilhdh, importunity, urgent solicitation. a.
(iW ilhad,\mp\eiy, heresy, idolatry ; atheism,
unbelief, (as to the Musalman faith), a.
,_y>flla:' al-hasil, in short, in fine. a.
5^:' ilhaktva. addition, junction, coupling, o.
Jlat al-hal, now, at present; just now. a.
,^j^ ilhan, m. note, sound, modulation, tune,
an air in music, allfan (pi. of Idfyn), musical notes,
melodies, a.
jS*' al-hazar, (used as an interjection) be-
ware ! have a care 1 a,
lixAfl;^ al-hnfiz, (lit. the Protector), interj.
God preserve us ! a.
j^ al-hak or al-hakh, true, right ; in truth*
verily, the truth is. a.
bS^ i^^ al-hamdu-lillahi, God be praised ! a.
J\ alihh, (a contraction of lJ>-\ jJ\) used
in the sense of " et cartera, and so on." a.
JfJlit alhhalak, f. a coat, vest, garment, a.
\>\iXi\ alddna, to scream out, to shriek, d.
^)\ ;i'<J<*|| ularna, n. to lie down, to rest. A.
'ji\ alar, imperfect, not grown up. d.
ji^ji\ ^(f)i^(^i alar-halar, f, trifling talk or
employment, h.
*U5\ ilzdm, m. blame, reproach ; conviction, a.
,^J^\ ^(^Vi or 4(1(^41 alas, alas m. laziness,
drowsiness, sloth; adj. lazy, slothful, drowsy. *.
OVaJI '^cI&'^HI alsdnd, n. to be drowsy, to
dose, to slacken, s.
jJLai^M ^r^S^rz alasat or alastd, or alastd-gi
otalsatl, f. apathy, sloth, indolence. ».
j»^LJ\ al-saldm, farewell, peace or safety be
^ upon thee 1 a. [guages. a.
«JuJ\ alsina (pi. of (jUJ), tongues, lan-
lUuJt WT)^^^ dlasya, m. laziness, adj. lazy.
(sec alas), s. [slothful, s,
ig^\ ^155H0 or '3II(JJ'4l') dlasyl, dlasi, drowsy,
ig*^\ W^^il ahi, f. linseed. (Linum usitatis-
"simum. h, [perior. t.
tjS3t ulash or ulush, m. the leavings of a su-
t jViaJt altdf m. (pi. of i JuaJ), kindnesses,
favours, a,
i)jm)\ al-'abd, a form of counter-signature by
a subordinate clerk or odlcer ; lit. the slave or servant.n
eJJiL^laxJ^ al-azamatu-liUdhi, great is God, an
ejaculation expressive of surprise, fear, denial, &c. . i
\iit\ ilqldr or alghdr, m. nipine, devastation,
as during the inroad of a hostile army ; the fortjerf
march of an army through a district, p.
\^joJii\ al-gharaz, in short, upon the whole, m
a word, finally, a.
t'\y>^\ alghuza, m. a whistle, pipe; or sma'i
flageolet, p.
(..L>ljJ«3\ al-ghiydf, m. complaint, complaining,
demanding justice, interj. alas! help! a.
i_-AJi«5^ al-ghaih, that which is hidden, secret,
or mysterious, al-^aiib 'ind alldhi, God knows what
is hidden, a.
I ft5\ alf, a thousand, alif, the first letter of
the Arabic or Persian alphabet, a.
lftJ\ alfd, m. a kind of dress worn by fahirs,
like a shirt without sleeves, and open at the sides. %,
)c>\a}i\ alfdz m. (pi. of iai)), words, articulaie
sounds, terms, a.
j3<— flJ^ alif-be or alif-hd-td, f. the alphabet, j?.
«Jl*a5\ ulfat, f. friendship, aflTectioa, attacli-
ment, kindness, familiarity, intimacy, a,
»Jka)T dlufta, astonished, frantic, insane, p.
8tjjj (cJ^^ ulfati-handa, attached from inevX'
ship (a slave or servant), a. p.
^\ alft, f. see laJl alfd (cloth, &c.) covered
with marks like the letter alif. a.
^\ alfi, f. a pin, (so called in Dak-
Cj\Ssiii\ aljindt,}- hani): the word is appa-
jaii\ aljinnl, J rently Portuguese.
lflJ\ ilhd, m. throwing down, flinging. ilkd,e
Ifojar, throwing a stone, an offence prohibited by t.ie
Muhammadan law, whereby the person throwing a
stone at any article was compelled to purchase iu a.
\^\i^\(ilhdh (j)l. of t_-»H5), m. titles, honorary
names ; forms of address, &c., in letters, a,
a-oian (d-liimi, in short, in one word. a.
Ci)J^ ^T^5«fi alah, f. a lock of hair. s.
uiD^ (daU, aside, apart, d.
^\ T^RT ulhd, f. a firebrand ; a meteor,
flame, fire. «. [cirli.
Jj\^^ ^^^'Rf^ alakdvali, f. a row of side
^JL>J\ '^'^'^ alaksh,\ invisible, unseen: a
,^\ ^^^ alakh, J form of salutatiun
among a class of medicants. i.
/^;-iiol "S^^py a-lakshan, m. a bad sign or ill
omen. s. [fated, i
^.^1 ^^STipit a-lakshani, unfortunate, lil-
J^l alhan, 9tutter\w^, pronouncing badly, a.
IjJjbWl^BTQy^^iT^ alak-nandd, f. a strea;n that
runs from the Himalaya mountains, and falls into
the Ganges near Srinagar. ».
^\
-4^1 Hl^'^ff a-lakh (same as a-laksk), unseen,
unlooked at. s. [Saiva sect. s.
^13,^1 alahh-namt, m. a mendicant of the
t-f-^ ' ^551 a-lag, separate, distinct, a-lag a-lag,
or alag-talag, separately, t.
^1 W^rnT alga, separate, apart, distinct, free,
loose, unconfined ; m. a sandal, s.
blCI ^c!»'iiTil algana, a. to separate, to put
one side, ulgana, to cause to leap over. s.
j^ iXJl V^JII^ algal, f. separation. *.
ciLkX)! ulgat, act of leaping over. s.
Ux)l alagnd, n. to be separated or disjoined.
ulagna, n. to spring or bound over. s.
j_^)l ^cJ^Ttfl alagrii, f. a line for hanging
"clothes on. A.
U-^M algoja, m. (see a lgh uza) a pipe, &c. p.
^^ 7^J55»n ulalnd, n. to be overset, or laid
over to one side. k.
e^\ alldh, m. God ; the Supreme Being.
alldhu akbar, God is great ! an exclamation of sur-
prise, resignation, &c. alldh, alldh ! Oh wonderful !
excellent ! alldh-billah-talldh, I swear most solemnly,
&c. a.
*ii ^f^^ alum, sticks set up for the support of
creeping plants (like our vines, &c.). A.
jj \ alavi, m. pain, grief, affliction, a.
J) V<?H alam, enough, abundance; able,
adequate, or equal to. s.
jCjlJ) almdri, f. a chest of drawers, a bookcase ;
(the word is of European origin : for example, the old
English terra is " almarie ;" and the Scotch word
"awmrie," or "aumrie," is in common use to this
day), h.
(^^IJi almas, m. a diamond, almds-taiash,
m. diamond-dust ; adj. cut into angles (as glass), p.
^->V»5l almdsi, cut into facets (like a diamond).
" almdsi-rang, of a diamond colour; m. a bright clear
white colour, p.
ijX^ 1 ^n^5¥»T dlamban, m. dependence ; a sup-
port, protector. «.
J^ Jl allam-ghallam, m. trifling talk or busi-
ness ; toying ; vanity, idle excuse, p.
tiUI TwRoF ulmuk, m. a firebrand, burning
wood, charcoal, s.
(-illxji alam-ndk, full of pain or sorrrow. a. p.
ftJJiUJI al-minnatu lilldhi (God be praised !),
an ejaculation expressive of surprise, fear, denial, &c. a.
Sj^Ji alviaira, m. (v. almdri), a press, &c.
a) 1 dlunj, a sort of wild plum, a sloe. p.
IjJoJl ulandnd, a. (v. ulendnd), to pour out a
liquid. A.
.\li5' HcJi^TC alankdr, m. ornament or jewel ;
rhetoric, ornate composition in prose, s.
OioJ) ^iJ^'RTT ff/a«Ari<a,adorned,decorated.«.
( 57 ) jS\
jl^xjJ) alanhhdr, the treble notes in music, d,
i.f-031 ^^ alaiig, f. side, way, corner, in-
trenchments ; is alang, this side. A.
{jj.ji] g'<^JT or ^'<j5"^ ulang or alang, naked, s.
i^jj} I alang, intrenchment, trenches, p.
(j^\ ^Tf^^ dlingan, m. the act of em-
bracing, s. [overleap. A.
11^331 ^JT»n ulangd, n. to bound over, to
^^^Xj}l\•^^^^alangn^,f.(J.alagn^),Si\\ne,kc.h.
J^^SaJl ■5WWT ullanghan, m. the transgressing
of a rule or custom ; transgression. *.
^Jji'\ ^T%# dlingt, adj. embracing, s.
^T ^ncyor^nw dlu,m. an esculent root (Arum
campanulatum), a potato ; Rat-dlu, a yam. dlu,e Shakar-
Tcand, a sweet potato, &c. dlu, in Persian, signifies a
plum, but in India the word is taken to signify a potato.
It is singtilar that this vegetable is named by the Per-
sians and Arabs, as by the French, "ground apple," viz.
Persian, ilbi zamini, Arab, tuffdl^-ul-ardh. dlu.i bukhdrd,
dried plums, prunes. ( Binning), p.
yi\ dlo, a portion of unripe corn. h.
yi\ T^ullu, m. an owl; met. a stupid fellow,
a fool, s,
^\ "^jzlu, "If. a kind of grass (jSaccAarttm
^^'^55^w/wa,J ct/lindricum, Willden). h.
-tjJl almdh (pi. of-ji), tablets, planks, &c. a.
jyT '^ I cjim^j^ dlwal, m. a basin for water
round the root of a tree. ».
v«^[j3l ulu-l-amr, men possessed of command
or authority (vide ulu). a.
J\^\ abcdn (pi. of ^^^), colours, sorts, kinds;
adj. of various sorts and colours, a.
c-jjJl m^^t^ alop, concealed, defaced, retired,
run out, destroyed ; apparent, alop-ho-j., n. to vanish. *,
^>,y>^ T^r^ ullu-pan, m. folly, stupidity, s.
\h^\ ^i^\\t\\ alopnd, a. to conceal, to hide
one's self; m. to lie hid, to be concealed, s.
*»-^i alucha, a kind of small plum. ;;.
lijjj dlud (v. dluda), soiled, &c. p.
i^yt\,ij\ ullu-dds, \ stupid as an owl, a fool
^JJJ\^j^ ullu-ddsrt,) or simpleton, s.
ciJ^i al-widd', adieu ! fare thee well ! a.
j_^J^T dludagi, f. contamination, stain, foul-
"ness, defilement, p.
^:>^\ dBdan, to stain, defile, pollute, p.
Sii^T dluda, soiled, stained, smeared or de-
filed ; overwhehned, immerged, loaded with. p.
(Juji\ ulmh, m. (see ulash), leavings, t.
i_j^l uluf, thousands (pi. of <— aJ'). «•
^j>\ T^W tduk, m. an owl (same as ullu). s
jJT
( 58 )
u
tiJ^T mc^^j^i alok, m. sight, looking j light;
flattery, panegyric, t.
f.^^^ ^^iftiroir a-laukik, unpopular, not cur-
rent, supernatural, s. [visibility, s,
^J>^\ ^^t^"^ a-lokan, ra. disappearance, in-
{J^^^ M<lc«J|cir»T dlokan, m. sight, seeing,
looking. «.
J-4^1 '^c^'^f^ uluhhal, m. bdellium, a gummy
substance ; a wooden mortar for cleaning rice. s.
4»-^^T g( | <jim^ alu-gachh, m. the potato
tree ; the tapioca shrub, h.
J^I W^st^ flZo/, f. gambol (generally applied
to a horse); adj. steady, s.
J^iS J^l '^^')c;ichc'i\ g? alol-kalol, f. gambols,
wantonness, playsomenesa (of young animals), h.
^^' ^(^li[l or ^<$^«fT a-lona, fresh, not salt,
insipid, s. [madan. p.
j3j)^ alwand or dlrvand, a mountain in Ha-
t-loa&^l wZttAi?/a<,"1 deity, divinity, the divine
&JJ&^1 uluhlya, j essence, a.
«3 1 a/a, m. (see alat), tool, &c. a.
&5I iZa/t (v. &15i), God, the Supreme Being, a.
^\ ^r«^T aZ/ta, the name of a Hindii soldier
and poet, from whom a species of poetry takes its
name. h.
jX^\ ilhdm, inspiration, revelation, a.
Ul^l ^^TTT alhdna, n. to rejoice, to be
cheerful, h. [nnskilfol. h,
j^i SH^^j alhar, young, untaught (animal),
Ui^l 'g'^^fff ulahnd, m. complaint, accusa-
tion ; reproof, chiding, ulahna dena, to reproach, com-
plain, abuse ; n. to grow, to vegetate, h.
jjjjJl ilahi, divine, the Divine Being; used as
" an interj., O God ! Name of an aera instituted by Akbar.
ilahi gaz,ih.a standard yard measure of forty-one fingers,
instituted by Akbar. a. [musical mode. h.
Vj^JI VH«^m alhaiya, f. name of a ragni or
OU^^ ilahiyat, divine things or studies ;
metaphysics, theology, a.
CUx^l ildliiyat, f. divinity, the godhead, a.
^T ^I<3i1 all, a land measure, equivalent to
"four bisls ! adj. of or belonging to the al tree, h,
ii\ ^ST5^ a/i, f. damsel, female friend ; m. a
"scorpion. ». [of the lotus. «.
^J} W^ ati, m. a large black bee, enamoured
/J) ila, up to, until, ilq-al-dn, up to the pre-
sent time. a.
jj! Wlc^^ dlai, m. a house, an abode, s.
U51 ^Eufc^TiT aliydj name of a tribe of banjd-
ras. h.
UbU5\ ^T^TTHf^TfT alah/d-halaiyd, f. sacrifice,
victim ; lighted wisps, with which the HindQs divert
themselves at the season of the Dewalj. A,
^*» vj l ^I<55^ dlep, m. liniment, plaster. «.
«^ '5c^"«l«TT utichnd, a. to throw up water,
to bale. h.
cLWjjjl ^c/ilt't all-rang, m. a colour ex-
tracted from the al tree {Morinda citrifolia). h.p.
(jSj^J) 3^^5I ilish, m. a fish, the hilsa or sable
{Clupea alosa). s.
«^JuJ1 ^T^7 aUk, m. falsehood, untruth, any
thing displeasing or disagreeable ; adj. false, nn-
pleasing. s. [elating torment, a.
j*a5' alim, painful, 'azdhi alim, an excru-
U<5Ja)l g^7P»n ulendnd, a. to pour water, h.
a! Unr dm, m. a mango (fruit of the Mangi-
' /era Indica), provisions, victuals (undressed) ; sickness,
disease ; adj. raw, undressed, imripe. s.
a\ umm, f. a mother, a. [erer. a.
Ui ammd, but, moreover, nevertheless, how-
u\ ^mn ammd, f. a mother, s.
j\^{<\ "WTTrffraTT: dmdtisdr, m. dysentery, s.
8Si\j<i\ ^snrTTT amatya, m. a minister, coun-
sellor, s. [arrows at. p.
— .U! dmuj, m. a mark or butt to shoot
jJtbUI dmddagi, f. readiness, alertness, p-
»<iUT dmdda, prepared, ready, alert, p.
jUT amar, calculation, investigation; an ac-
oonnt-book or register, p.
C*.Ul imdrat, f. dominion, authority; a
district under the government of an amir, a.
45,U\ amdrid, (pi. of ^jA) beardless youths, a.
l\i^ ammdra, domineering, imperious, a,
(^jj^\ dmds, m. swelling, dmds-k, to swell,
to effect a swelling, p.
{^j*Xo\ ammds, the conjunction of the sun and
moon, the days about new moon. d.
^^\<\ amdkin (pi. of ^^o-«)» mansions, ha-
bitations, places, a,
JU\ imdla, m. {\'\t. inclining) a change of
vowels in pronunciation as kitib for kitdb (a book), a,
Jjc\ imdm, ra. a priest, a leader in rolitjious
matters, patriarch, prelate, chief; a large bead in a
rosary, which remains fixed in the hand, and is not
turned over in counting (called by the Hindus At-
meru), a.
\j\xj^\ imdmbdrd, m. (also imdmharxt f.) a
kind of temple in which the festival of the Muharram
is celebrated : it is generally a square building with •
cupola on the top h.
(JLa/«U\ imdmat, f. the office of an imam. a.
^^\joAa\ imdm-zdmin {or-zdmini), m. the
protecting Im§.m, or one's guardian saint, imam-su-
min ka ruptya, a piece of coin dedicated to Imfuu Za~
min : it is fastened on the arm of a pers<ni about to
leave home as a charm for averting evil : if in want
he may spend it, not otherwise, a.
u
( 5^ )
^^^ imamt, \ of or relating to an i7)iam,
&jy«lx>\ imam'iya J an epithet assumed by the
followers of 'Ali. a.
^Jjc\ aman, f. grace, mercy, security, safety,
protection; as an inter] . it denotes. " quarter ! spare
me ! " and is generally sounded amdn, a.
jjUT 'm H X'A amanna, m. raw rice or grain ;
provisions undressed, s.
^J^\ ^iwri amma/i(same asamma),a mother, s.
UU\ ^RT-^ amana, n. to be contained, to go
into. s.
CL^lc\ amanat, f. deposit, charge, any thing
given in trust ; faith, religion, amanat-dar, a trustee,
or depositary; adj. faithful, honest, amdnal-dan, f.
guardianship, agency, trust, charge; faithfulness.
amdnat-rakhnd, a. to consign or deposit, amanat-daftar,
a registry-office, amdnat-jdrt, assignments of revenue.
ajndnat-mdh,dl, an estate, amdnat-ndma, a deed of trust
or deposit, a.
jiUSamanattJ. goods &c. given in charge, a.
ajuJU\ ^ ♦iH ' n' N a-manamya, incredible, not
fit to be believed. 5. [without pride, humble, s.
^\a\ M<Hl «ft a-mani, incredulous, inattentive;
"j\jo\ amant, f. security ; trust, charge, de-
"posit ; adj. (applied to land) that which is in charge of
a coUector on the part of government (in opposition
to jjdray that which is farmed), a.
&jJU\ ^WRI a-manya (see amanamya), in-
~credible, not worthy of being believed. $.
iJL>^\<\-^sm^amamat, m. the inspissated juice
of the mango (v. amot), h.
f. the conjunc-
tion of sun and
moon, the day
(^j^j\a\ <4mN4 amawas,
sjaMj\A ^HT^^ amavasya,
j^jUl ^nn^^'t amdvasl,
"of new moon. s.
c-**^ ^re amb, m. a mango, a mango tree.
ambu, m. water. «.
\j^\ ^rm amba, f. a mother, (same as ammo), s.
C^b J ^rremr am-bat, m. a swelling, which
comes without pain and goes off as eaaUy, even without
medicine, a windy tumour, a.
i_j,U*^ ^ ^ l O ambari, f. a canopy, a litter
"used OD an elephant or cameL p.
C^ ^raiT ambat, sour, acid or acrid, s.
\jlix«\ " iM^rilfil ambatand, n. to grow sour,
to be acidulated, s. [nelumbo). ».
^\ ^re»f ambujy m. the lotus (Nymph(sa
j*a\ ^reR ambar, m. clothes, apparel ; the
sky or atmosphere ; a perfume {ambergris), s.
jmI ^srreK dmbarj. ambergris (v. 'aiibar). a.
^\jM\'^[^Xl^ambara,i, f. a mango grove, s.
U-jA^l ^ir^ ambarchd, m. an ornamental
drawing.
^lifo^ "VSW ambashth, m. a man the ofF-
•pring of a Brahman and a Vaiaya woman, by occupa-
^m a phjricinn. «.
KxA ^aH goin ambikd,f. a name of the goddess
Parvati. s.
^^^\ambott, f. a species of sorrel {Oxalia
cormculata). d. [less. h.
J^j^l 'BTirt^ ambol (for an-bol), silent, speech
— »^f<i^ ^n*ft»r ambhoj, m. the lotus, a.
Ufc^ ^f^TOT ambiyd,f. a small unripe mango. .1.
Cl^\ ummat, f. people, a religious sect, peo-
ple of the same belief, o.
CL/^<\ ^ftnf a-mit, unmeasured, undefined, s.
m\ dmmat, one of the ten kinds of wounds
compensated by a fine. a.
i^\^ imtihdn, m. examination, proof, trial,
experiment; temptation, a.
til Ja*l imtiddd, m. protraction, prolongation,
prorogation, extension ; adj. protracted, a.
'^>j^\ imtild, m. repletion, indigestion, a.
cUuu^ imtina, m. restraint, prohibition, a.
^\ ummatt, m. a believer in, or follower of,
- any particular sect. a.
jIjJ<o\ imtiyaz, m. discrimination, separation,
distinction; pre-eminence ; good breeding, mliyax-k.,
a. to discriminate ; to treat with distinction, a,
ij\\xi>A\ imtiydzi, having the quality of dis-
criminating, worthy of distinction, a.
tiLwol ^fkZ a-mit, indelible, undefaced. s.
J\i*l amsal (pi. of Jl-o), examples, similes,
equals, fables, parables, a.
S:f^ amjad, very or most glorious, a.
^J*' amjt, f. compulsory service, d.
'^^^ ^m^T amchur, m. parings of the
mango, dried in the sun. s.
i\oT a7nad, f. arrival, income, dmad-amad
or dmad o raft, f access and egress. Cimad-shud or
amad shud, intercourse, thoroughfare, p.
,^]^\ imddd, f. act of assisting, aiding, or
abetting; succour, help ; extending, a.
^^;V«T dmadan, (r. a or ay) to come. /i.
^JwoT dmdani, f. the season in which any
••merchandise generally arrives; perquisites; any
thing gained over and above ; ways and ineaus ; in-
come, revenue ; import, p.
Ki\iL«\ '3'»RT«n umddnd, also umdd-d., a. to
cause to overflow, to flood, h.
\j!Lc\ T'R^T umadnd, n. to overflow ; to let
fall (a« tears), to shed, to swell and increase or prevail
(like a river, clouds, an army, the heari, Sic), h.
yc\ amr, m. an order, command; an affair,
transaction; (in gram.) the imperative mood, eimr- bo-
yad, lit. " your business is in your own hands, which
uttered by a husband and agreed to by a wife, consti
tutes an irreversible divorce, a.
A
( 60 )
J-<
j*T amir, one who orders, a commander,
ruler, a. [tndtco). «.
j^> ^J!^ amra, m. the mango tree (^Mangifera
j«\ ^WT a-mar, undying, immortal, long-
lived, perennial, everlasting; a god. Amara Sinha,
the name of a Sanskrit lexicographer. . s,
^1 ^Srarr or ^HT^T amra, m. name of a fruit ;
hog-plum {Spvndias mangifera). s.
u** umard (pi. of as>^), nobles, grandees; a
noble (generally), but more especially applied to those
of a Muhammadan court, a. [eases, a.
{^\j*\ amraz (pi. of {^j«), sicknesses, dis-
ijyj<^\ yJMCRlft a-mardwati, f. the celestial
"city of Indra. *. [mangoes. *.
4^U*l '^WTT^ amrdft, f. a tope or grove of
jjjo^i ^*TT;%^ amar-hely m. an epidendron,
or parasitical plant similar to the misletoe. s.
SijA •flHlMf^ amar-pad, m. tlie state of an im-
mortal; immortality, s.
C^,ic\ 'STRW a-mrit, m. the water of life,
nectar ; an antidote ; any thing sweet ; water ; wine ;
a guava ; immortality, final emancipation, s,
.. I f iH*i<ril aviartd 1 „ , ,.
Owol i > f. immortality. $,
'^ L ''STRrTTn amnttd J ^
t
jjVj3j/«^ ^Hfi^T»T amrit-hdn, m. a variety of
tae kela, or plantain. «.
.^j^ "smirt or 3^JTlft amriti or imriti, f. a
"small vessel for drinking out of; a kind of sweet-
meat ; a kind of cloth ; a<y. nectarious. h.
d\»-jK\ '^^^k^^ a-marjdd, ^f. indignity ,dis-
\iS^j<\ ^BTRt^i^ a-marjddd, J honour, s.
^j«\ amrad, beardless, handsome (a youth), a.
\jo\ dmnrz, act of pardoning or forgiving j
amurs-gdr, he who pardons ; an epithet of God. p.
{ji^Jj<\ dmurzis/t, f. pardon, grace, forgive-
ness of sins (by the Deity), p.
(w^l dm-rasy inspissated juice of the mango
(see amot). s.
i^j«\ wnrt dmarsh, m. anger; wrath ; envy,
impatience of another's success ; peevishness, s.
ijL}^jc\ ^Ht^"^ amar-lvh, m. heaven, the
region of the immortals, s,
Ojj*\ ^H^TT amrut, m. a guava. {Psy-
dium pyriferum). s,
i^jij*^ amrud, m. a pear ; also a guava. p.
J-J/*^ '"^^^^ ^^^^ tn-ras;), to-day. imroz-fardd,
to-day or to-morrow, t. e. soon, imroz far da-k,, a. to
put off, to procrastinate, p.
(_sV J J*^ am/' nahi, m. commands and pro-
"hibitions, orders and counter-orders, commanding and
countermanding ; hence, sovereignty, authority, a.
\tib^\ ^>T^T^ a-maryddd, f. disrespect, indig-
nity. (Same as a-marjadd.) t.
iJl}<i^ljic\^tH^'lfX^ a-mai'yddik, disrespocted. s.
{j^\ ummast resolution, firmness, strength, d.
(.:DLw«i imsdk, m. parsimony; abstinence ; a
medicine taken to prolong pleasure; scareitjr, want. a.
Jl«»/«1 imsdl (for tn-sdl), this year. p.
w.**^ <J*i««lT umasnd, n. to rot, to putrefy, h,
(ji-«l •'siSnH dmish, m. flesh, food, enjoyment;
object of enjoyment, a pleasing object $.
<~* " ->cl imshah (for In-shab), to-night, p.
Jj^l ^H?^ dm-shul, m. the cholic, pain
arising from indigestion, t.
j\jaA amsdr(pl. of^^-o-«), cities, large cities, a.
j^Ld/«\ imzdft, despatching, transmitting, a.
jIaH ^J^*^^ im'dni nazr, looking attentively,
contemplating, a. [son. a.
ijLx>c\ 5Emw amuli, such a one, a certain per-
uil^iSi^l WH<#IV*<'"*I amkd-dha7nkd,Yca..iTU
\S-»fc(i\x-«l ^nToBre'JTflliT arnkd-dhamkuy J fles,
trifling ; a person of little estimation, h.
(j»/ol imkdn, m. possibility; contingent ex-
istence (in opposition to umjub, neoeantj, or tteceoeaij
existence), a.
j_^»/«i imhdnl, potential, possible, a.
&A^X*\ VM4^ a-mukhya, inferior, ordinary, s,
^1 amal, m. hope, expectation, a.
(J-«i "Wl^ amal, m. intoxication, amati Jtfw,
intoxicating liquors or drugs, h.
(J^i ti*cji «m/ or amla, acid; sour. s.
(J^^ ^BM^ a-mal, bright, pure, clean, clear. «.
^\ imld, m. orthography ; writing correctly ;
completing, filling up. imla-dan, one who writes cor-
rectly, imld-nawis, the same. a.
^t ^TToST dm/ii, m. the emblic myrobalan
{Phyllanthus emhlica). $.
^^^ amldk (pi. of uLU<«), possessions, pro-
perties (generally applied to land), a.
^jV>*^tl*5JT»T«»»^a?<,m. globe amaranth (G'owi-
phrena globosa) ; a^]. clean, clear, t.
ti3^Lo^ imldh, m. possession, property ; land
held rent free. a.
jjb J««^ VIHq&M{^ amal-pattt, f. the hem of
"cloth, a kind of stitching, h.
Ui«\ ^v^TTT amlatd, f. sourness, acidity. «.
(j*»lJi/«\^Jf^7rra«ma/<a«, m. Cassiajistula. h*
Ki^ I ^if*^*! d/nlikd, f. the tamarind tree. «.
^Juol 'SRf^J*? a-vudin, clean, pure. *.
^_^\ i^h^ or ^»;35 m^ or imli, m. the taauif-
" rind-tree {Tamarindtu Indiea) and its fruit, s.
r
j^) umam (pi. of CL*X\)t nations, sects, tribes,
herds, a. [diflference, stoicism t,
\l^^ %fHHff| a-mamtd, f. disinterestedness, in-
/j/«t Kim^i dma7i, m. winter rice-crop. h.
^^\ am7i, m. security, safety, amn-dman, m.
quarter, crying out for quarter, amn o aman, in safety
and security, a.
lx«| dmannd, yea, verily; lit. we believe, a.
U*la»U*! ^1^1 ^1^1 dmna-sdmnd, m. opposi-
tion, confronting, h.
\3<!Lv«^ '^HfHT zimandnd, n. (see umadnd), to
overflow, abound, to swell, to increase, to be poured out.
umand umand kar rona, to weep violently, h,
Uiisi*^ ^T»n umandnd, n. to be proud, con-
ceited, d.
iu-ii*^ "I J a-manushya, \ unmanly.
aji^Sjk/«\ J "* I a-manukhya, j amanush-
yata, unmanliness, inhumanity, s.
\^jj^\ ^^^^ umang, f. transport, excessive
joy, exultation, ambition, h.
ACi*^ ^Hg-^ a-mangal, m. a disaster, a cala-
mity; an evil omen, ill luck; adj. inauspicious, un-
hicky. s. Doy- *•
JiXx«\ (|t)JMI uwangnd, n. to advance with
jJokI ^pHt umang'i, sanguine, desirous, am-
"bitious. h.
t_f»s»-yk*\ ^snTtftWtT a-manojog, m. inatten-
tion, a-manojogl, inattentive. *.
Ci^^\ ^H'ft'OiT a-manonit, disapproved ;
reprobate, s, [pleasing. *.
J6»x«^ 'WTrflf^ a-manohar, disagreeable, dis-
OjJ-«^ amniyat, security, repose, a place
of safety, a. [to face. h.
^'«»*> ^T ^n^nHT% dmne-sdmne, opposite, face
\ja«T 'STHf'T'n dmaniyd, f. land on which
the winter crop of rice is sown. h.
0\y<;\ awwa/! (pi. of iJIaxc), the dead. a.
O^ysT WR^nr dmvdt, m. constipation or
torpor of the bowels with flatulence and intume-
scence, the wind being supposed to be chiefly affected.*.
^\yi\ amrvdj (pi. of ^y>), billows, &c. a.
fv>\yt\ WT^ra amavds, the new moon. s.
,3\ys\ am7rdl{p\. of JU), riches, wealth, goods
and chattels, personal property, o. peam. p.
^J?^i»■yc\ dmokhtan, (r. dmoz) to teach; to
dji^yc', dmokhta, learnt, taught, trained, p.
•iycT^HTO^ amorf, m. fragrance; pleasure, s.
.ye\ um%r (pi. ofj*^), business, things, affairs,
actions ; commandiug, ordering, a,
C^.yo\ WT% a-murti, formless, unembodied. $.
( 61 ) ^\
jyc] dmoz, taught; used in comp., as dcut'
amoz, taught by the hand, tamed (bird), p,
^y^\ ^»Tt9 a-mogh, productive, fruitful,
effectual, infallible. *.
Jf^\ "SfT^oS a-mol, invaluable, above price, s.
(^y>\ '^TT^ a-mul, destitute of root or origin, s.
CLMyc\ umumat, f. the condition of being a
mother, maternity, a.
^\ ^m^ ami, f. the water of life ; nectar, s.
/^T '^VT^ dmaya, m. sickness, disease, s.
^\ umrni, uneducated, unable to read or
" write ; unknown, unacquainted, a. [^raj-puts. h.
U^JU*^ Vrfipn amethiyd, name of a tribe of
«Jk-J^I dmekhta, mixed, mingled, p.
^^^J^\ dmehhtan, (r. dmez), to mix, to
mingle, p.
siJL*^ ummaid or ummed, f. hope, expectation,
dependence, trust ; (in Hind.) pregnancy, ummaid-se
hona, to be pregnant, ummaid-war, hopeful, expect-
ing ; an expectant, a dependant, a candidate, ummaid-
wart, f. expectation, expectancy, dependence, p.
s^6^\'^k'^a-medhya, m. faeces, excrement ;
adj. impure, s.
ij<^\ ummedl, an expectant ; adj. hopeful,
sanguine, p.
j^\ amir, m. a nobleman, a grandee ; an east-
em title nearly answering to Lord, amir ul umara or
amiri kahir. Lord of lords, a title given by eastern
{>rinces to their ministers, &c. amir-war or amirand,
ike a noble, amlr-zdda or amir-xadt, nobly born ;
amiru-l-hdfyr, a commander by sea (hence admiral).
amtrul-mumiriin, commander of the (true) believers, a
title assumed by the Caliphs, a.
{JJ^\ amh-t, f. a principality, an earldom,
the dignity or office of an amir. a.
\-x-*\ dmez, mixture; (in compos.) mixed,
mixing, fraught with, as mihr-amez, fraught with
friendship, p.
^j^^l awe2;2«A, mingling, mixing ; f. mirth-
fulness, sociability, bonhomie, p.
^^\ amln, a commissioner, a trustee, an um-
pire, an investigator, an arbitrator; a supervisor or
officer employed by government to examine and regu-
late the state of the revenues of a district, amin-
daftar, an office for auditing the amtns. a,
^jj/cl dimn, amen, so be it. a.
(_^x«i amini, f. the office of arnin ', trust,
" guardianship ; security, secure, a.
f^ W^ an, a negative prefix of the same
effect as our un or in, as an-dekha, unseen. In words
purely Sanskrit it is prefixed only to those beginning
with a vowel, as an-anta, endless ; but in Hindi it is
used indiscriminately before words beginning with
vowels or consonants, as an-adar, disrespect, an-pafha,
unread, &c. ». [weapon, s.
^J^ ^ififf ani, m. the edge or point of a sharp
^^ "V^anu, after (in time, place, and rank),
according to, in imitation of. t.
J (
^jj f an, that ; he, she, or it. p.
^p\ an, f. time, hour, minute, a.
^^ WT an (for WHT), other (for Wiyi), or-
der, command. *.
/j! 'WR an, f. a graceful attitude, an affected
gait; affectation, pride, p.
(jT ^3TH an, f. dignity, honour; modesty, bash-
fulness ; adv. on oath, an-maii se, respectfully, ho-
nourably, h. [applied to boiled rice), s
(^\ W^ ann, m. food, victuals, (particularly
(j\ ^ in and T^T un (pronouns in the oblique
case), these, those, them. h.
0\ ^[^ anna, m. the husband of a nurse, h.
13] 'BTRT ana, n. to come, to be, to become, h.
^I ^TTTana, m. the sixteenth part of a rupl;
a measure of land equal to sixteen rusls. In most In-
dian dialects the tenn ana is conventionally used to
denote the fraction ■^ ; thus a man is said to have a
four ana share in a mercantile house, which means
that he is entitled to one-fourth of the profits, ana-
kara, m. a fee of one ana in the rupl. h,
\3\ ana, delay, opportunity ; a seasonable hour.
inna, as to us, verily we (used only in Arabic phrases).o.
lIIajUI inabat, f. penitence, repentance, con-
version, return to the true faith, a,
yKi\ ^STTTWr an-atur, healthy, vigorous, s.
^IJ'l '3r»TT'^ a-nath, without a husband, witli-
out a protector, without chief or sovereign; helpless,
an orphan, andthl-banjar, m unclaimed land, lands
without an owner, s. [pronounced ndj). s,
—\3\ ^*n»r anaj, m. corn, grain (incorrectly
W13I ^nrr'TnC an-achar, m. improper con-
duct, neglect of religious observance ; adj. immoral,
ill-behaved, an-achari, immoral, indecorous, s.
Cj^s-Xi\ ^f?Tf^ anachit, suddenly, unex-
pectedly, anachitl or anachitl, f. ignorance, thought-
lessness, d.
45U\ara-a^^ for ^cr*nf^a«-«rf*,without beginning,
eternal, anad-hanjar, land that has been waste from
time immemorial, anad-hhumi, land transferred by
mortgage, anddi-twa, m. eternity. *.
j45b\ ^tlT^i; an-adar, m. affront, disrespect, s.
j\3\ andr, m. a pomegranate; it also denotes
a kind of firework, p.
,.jiX>\ ^'i\'Vm anarpan, m. silliness, clum-
siness, inexpertness, ignorance, h.
io\(^X>\ andr-ddna, m. a species of millet, so
called from its resemblance to the seed of the pome-
granate, p. [nate. p.
^jS>\ andt^, of or resembling the.pomegra-
^.li\ W»TI^ rtwan,1 unskilful, clumsy, inex-
^,•j■V3\ ^ffrrt ana/t, J pert; s. a novice, a
bungler, h.
j*»\j\ T«TT'(ft undsi, seventy-nine. s.
Ai>l3\ wn^'I an-dshya, indestructible. $.
62 )
U>S
Uls \i\ dnanfa-dnan, cory%Vdx\i\y , every minute,
incessantly, a.
jOl3\ ^HTofTR on-dkdr, shapeless, s.
^i\^l3T ^rr^TToBT^ dnd-hunt, f. turning a deaf
"ear, overlooking, winking at, purposely neg.ecting.
and-kand-d., to pretend ignorance, to ignore, h.
\jj\ji\j\ ^tll^Iffl andkrdntd, f. a sort of
prickly nightshade {Solanum jacquini), t.
&JL^\J\ ^nrnTR? an-dgamya, unapproachable,
inaccessible, s.
J3\ andm, mortals, the world, demon8,genii. a.
CLt^\'i\ andmat (per metathesin for amdnat),
deposit, trust, &c. a. [fingers, a.
;Jyol3\ andmil (pi. of &Jv\), fingers, tips of the
fj\}>\ dndn, those, dndn-ki, those who. p.
(j*»l3\Jl andnds, m. (v. anannds), the pine-
apple. Port.
Cjoo13\ andmyat, f. egotism, boasting, arro-
gance, a.
jlj&l3\ ^»IT^^ an-dhdr, ra. abstinence, starra-
I tion. an-dhdri, adj. fasting. <. [easy. $.
J (_>»»blS\ ^RTHH an-dyds, m. ease, facility ; adj.
\ anah or inah, a kind of grape, the egg-
plant, a.
\ W^ dnb or dmh, m. a mango (v. dm), t.
\ ^re ambu, m. water, s.
\xi\ <ET^ ambd, f. a mother (same as ammo). $.
jIjo\ ambdr, m. magazines, heaps, a stock, p.
t/jUi^ ambdri, f. a canopy ; a litter or how-
' dah used on an elephant or camel, p.
\j^\ SH'«|1'3T ambdrd, m. "1 the esculent plant
^jj^ljj^ >!i'4l/) ambdri, f. J hibiscus, com-
monly called the Rozelle {Hibiscus cannabinus). h.
j\xi\ ambdz, m. a partner, an associate, p.
(^ jljo^ ambdzi, partnership, association, p.
^^\xi\ ambdn, a kind of soft goat-skin leather;
a purse, a clothes-bag, wallet, p.
joVii)^ ^H<fNf an-?mw,f. spirit, proper pride, h
(JIajJ^ ^!r¥ir ambat, sour, acid. /*.
OlJui\ iHyilHla7?i6rt<ana,n.tobeacidulated.A.
^\ 'WgU ambuj, m. the lotus {NympJuea
nelumho). $.
jj\ ^^ ambar (v. jt^), sky; clothes, h.
j^\ ambar, m. (corruption of ^aIp), am-
ber, &c. a.
4<UJ\ 'VUU^ ambardyt, f. a mango grove, a.
l>L«jol imbhdt,i. gladness, joy, delightjcheer-
fulness, recreation, mirth, a.
\^\ ^ftniiT (see ^^^), the goddess ParvatL s.
^\
( 63 ;
Jjj) ambil, a kind of pottage, d.
.\jjj\ ^H^HI^ an-bana,o, m. discord, dis-
seuEiou, misunderstanding, h,
^i^Jjjl ^SfTT^ flTjMfeanf^Ai, connected with,
"attached, s.
J^\ ^SRW^^ or ^ifl^ an-hol or am-bol,
speechless, h. [course, p.
»»jj^ amhoh, a crowd, multitude, mob, con-
«jj\ amba, m. a mango (see am). ^.
j^jj^ aw&Aa,o,1m. cultivating or taking pos-
^\ anbhau
property, d.
j^\ anbhati, J session of land, enjoying
(^^)kAj3^ ^nrfH^STO an-abhilash, ra. indiffe-
rence, absence of desire. an-ahhildsM, indifferent, s
^AX>\ ^nw^ anubhav or anubhau, m. com-
prehension in the mind, judgment, conjecture, ex-
perience, result, consequence, s. [guessed, s.
C->»AjJ»l ^iT>TfT anubhut, experienced, felt,
j ^^M ^TWIIT ambhoj, m. the lotu8(iVywjoA<ea
'Aelumho). s.
lLA^I anbhog (v. anbha,o), possession &c. s.
^jjT ambl, that which grows spontane-
"oualy. d
\juj\ ambiya (pi. of ^^), prophets, a.
Uj3^ ^f^Tnflm&?"»/o.f- a small unripe mango. ^.
\iblju)^\ "SRf^TIT^ an-bhjaha, unmarried, s.
biijOjj^ ^I«T%Vr an-bedha, unbored, unper-
forated. s.
^xo^ ambik, m. a still, an alembic, a.
tKjui^ ambihar, a sailor, pilot, d.
\JX>\^\ ^«Tmri«F amipatak, m. a heinous of-
fence short of a capital crime. ».
, ,b,.,\ '5nTm«T «««-?5a«, m. a vehicle: (in
medicine) any thing in which a medicine is mixed, to
facilitate the taking of it ; or which is swallowed after
the medicine, s. [drink, s.
^b^\ ^'^^•ft ann-pam, m. victuals and
ijLJuijji 'SfRTfT an-apatya, childless, without
progeny, s.
>j\.jj^ ■^i;^{mjxi an-aparadh, m. innocence j
adj. innocent, sinless, anaparadhi, innocent, s.
ij***\j>.i^^ W^TH^R anna-prasan, m. a kind of
ceremony, the first feeding of children vdth food made
of grain. «.
Ojjj\ amparna, n. to come to hand. d.
bbj.o^"«nr?fTaw-|?flrAa,illiterate,uninformed.s.
ei -(^''^' "^^^ ^*mft''lif an-upasthit, not ready,
not present, s,
^y^^\ ^R^^ anupal, m. a second (of time), s.
/^l ^fipj'!! a-nipun, unskilled, s.
bj^.jj\ ^^^T, f. satiety ; name of a god-
dess, the Ceres of the Hindus, s.
^^.<jl "*M^<5l, n. to happen. A.
jjy^ I ^r^T^ anupurv, f. order, method, a
rank, a row. s.
\JL^x>\ ^t^tj?j an-apeksha, f. disregard, care-
lessness, indifference, s. [ing. s,
,^^jjol ^rm'FI an-opekh, disregarding,unheed-
C-ol ^l»iT ilnt, f. entrails, gut, tripe, ant
a,ond, n. to be afflicted with the coming down of the
rectum, ant girnd, n. to void white glutinous stools, s.
d^>\ ^U ant, u). end, completion; perdition,
destruction; mind, heart, boundary, limit; adj. final,
ultimate ; adv. after all, at last ; (for antar) in, within.
ant-ko, in the end, at the last. s.
l1Lo\ WiTa«^ m. intelligence, news, account, h.
a^\ ^*rtT anat, elsewhere, somewhere else. «.
\.1^\ ^^ tinnat, high, tall, unnati, f. in-
crease, prosperity, rising, s.
L^\jj\ ^PTirm anutap, m. repentance, regret,
remorse, anutapl, penitent, t.
\,\j6\ ^SHTiTTU anutai'a, m. a satellite. ».
(j-JkJlJo^ TrHn^yNr untaUs, thirty-nine, h.
£^\ ^♦iTIT antaj, ra. a Shiidra, or man of low
^»ste. s,
L-.>\i^ intikhab, m. selection, picking; mak-
ing extracts from hooks ; election, choice, a,
ji>\ ^kjfJ. antar, within, between, amongst;
without, except; on one side, out of the way; m. in-
terval, intermission ; period, term; hole, rent; a cor-
ner, side, quarter of the heavens; distance, space;
heart ; a pause, a stop ; difference ; opportune time ;
the midst; the heart, the supreme soul; adj. other,
similar, antar-hhao, internal or inherent nature, an-
tar-bhut, in the midst. antar- j ami, pervading the
inward parts, acquainted with the heart (the Deity),
antar-jai, inborn, innate, antar dusht, internally bad,
wicked, antar-dwdr, a private door within a house.
antar-gati, f. emotions of the heart, inward sensations;
adj. forgotten, antar-manns, sad, perplexed, antar-
vatni, a pregnant woman, s.
Jb]^"!^ antar, f. the entrails, bowels, viscera, s.
j6\ ^riWKctnuttar, unable to answer, without
reply, s. [out. s.
]j<>\ ^InTn aw ^ara, central ; near; adv. with-
]/^\ ^njrCT antara, m. a verse, any verse of
a song, except the first. A.
tll>0.\j^\ ^♦iTT.TtlW antarapatt (for antara-
patya), pregnant, with child, with young (any animal), *.
v—oj/i^ ^S^arnniawtom-^ap, f. an intermittent
fever, a tertian ag^e, s. [space. «,
J^^ Hf»i1l.1cJJ' antaral, central ; m. included
<^J<>^ ^»d^V antarbed, If. the region of
(_5'«iJL>j6\ ^Tl^^awiarJec?i,J Kanauj be-
tween the rivers Ganga and Jamuna, commonly called
the Du,ab. s. [screen, «.
<J^_Jyi\ '^AV\Z antar-pat, m. a curtain, a
Opo\ ^vjifT:if antaritt inward, internal, s.
z^\
( 64 )
}\
JUjJo^ flM<ar;a/,m.a stick used in wrestling.rf.
^\s^XA ^fl^l*0 antarjarm, acquainted with
•• the heart, an epithet of Krishna, s.
^>-jyi^ WiTfc^a; antarichh,'\vci. the sky, the
^J:^Ji^\ wafCW aniariksh, J air, the firma-
ment, s.
^J^iiX>\ ^njTVT^ antardhan, "1 m. disap-
^Uft-iijjo^ SiiriuiR antardhyan,} pearance,
concealment, antardhyan-hona, to disappear. #.
ui)p3T Wrf«3«Ii antrik, visceral, relating to the
bowels, s
\J^iJx>\ ^'JiT^T antarganga, m. a kind of
water-plant bearing a white flower, s. [friend, t.
{,^Jx>\^[*in:}^ antarang, m. a relative, a near
ijjy>\ tH^ antrl, f. entrail (v. antrV). s.
\>,^\ WfffTTT antriya, m. intermittent, an in-
termitting fever. $.
c-A^.jJO^ 'g ^O ^ aniai'tp, m. a promontory.
human antarip. Cape Comorin. s.
^Jol ^qr O ' g aniarichh, "1 m. the sky ;
fj^jx>\ ^^1^ aniariksh, J adv. in the
air; out of sight antarlksh, heavenly, celestial; m.
the firmament, s.
(Jj-i^^ ^*H^ ,^Pinft, or ^^ anp't or «nin,f. en-
trail, intestine, bowel, gut. antriyan jalna, to be very
hungry, antfi Jed bal kholna, a. to eat a bellyful after
starving, antriyan hd huwa-llah parhnd, n. to be very
hungry (the belly saying there is but one God), antr'
yoA men ag lagna, to be very hungry, s.
jL1jo\ intishar, m. confusion, want of regu-
larity ; dispersion, explanation, a.
.llajj\ intizjur, m. \ looking out (for any
(cj^ax>\ intizari, fj person), expectation.
intinSrt-k., a. to expect, to look out for. a.
J^xy>\ intizjam, m. disposition, regularity,
' order, arrangement ; the dispensation of Providence
or fate. a. [stumbling, a
iy*\^\ inti'ash, recovering one's self after
f\al>\ intifa't m. profit, advantage, a.
JIEj3^ intihal, m. transporting, travelling;
transferring, circulation (of currency) ; departure, de-
cease, dying, o.
jt\sLX>\ intiham, m revenge, retaliation, inti-
JoOT-?., to retaliate, a, [liour of death, s.
yy^Ci^'>\wRr3f!r^ ant-kal, m. dying moments,
^jXii^ WtT'.oFTTO antaharan, or antah-karan,
or antasknran, m. heart, mind, understanding. «.
Jy>\ "wf^T antim, final, ultimate, s.
eXi\ ^*H\ (in comp. same as nntar). anfah-
pall, included, antahsharir, m. the internal and Bpi-
ritunl part of man, conscience, soul, antah-karan, m.
the understanding, heart, will, conscience, soul, t,
Lj6\ rnl'tha, f. end, termination, summit; adj.
finished, completed, prohibited, m. [mentt. $.
o&Jo\ ^RT.^ antah'pur, m. the inner apart-
a Shndra,
man of the
>jjjl WTHT anlyaj, 1 m.
AXir^ V*^^m antya-janma, J a i
lowest cast, antya-janmanl, f. a iroman of the Mine
cast. s.
[j^'i^>\ ^Hcft^l units, twenty-nine. s.
^M»\yfjj\ ^WTMUft antevasi, m. a disciple^ a
pupil residing with liis teacher, t
^^jyyjj\ »J<tiHcj^ antya-varna, m. f. a man or
woman of the Shudra cast. s.
iul)) ^rffTW a-nitya, not permanent, fleeting,
perishable, anityatd, f. frailness, transient existence.
a-nitya- datta or a-nitya-dattaka, that which is tempo-
rarily granted ; a son adopted for a certain term. t.
WTP ant, f. a knot ; envy, h,
U3\ fn|!T aiita, m. a ball, marble, anta-ghar,
m. a billiard-room. h.
iJZ^^\ ^nprfTcT anta-chit, unlucky, whose
fortune is exhausted (a term of abase), b.
^J!J^[x>\ ^nPTcFTSt antakori, f. a cord with
which cattle are tied neck and heels, k.
iiloU*>cLo^ ^1^flIT|S ant-sant, f. pai tnership ;
intrigue. /(.
Ujo\ VlldHl antna, n. to be contained, to be
filled up (a well or tank, &c.). h.
UJo I ^\(l<!Vjl antna, a. to fill (a well or tank),
to come or go into, to reach, h.
\i\yj\ -ti^^<4T«n anpcana, a. to make contain,
to cram into, to cause to be filled, h,
O^^Jo^ ^RJ^^TRT anthldna, a. to twist, to
writhe ; n. to swagger, to strut, to give one's self (dn»
to walk alTectedly. h. Qation. A
jj^T >HHl<fi antkt, f. stone of fruit j coagu-
(J^^ ^ ?r <|. antha,t, f. a tick (the louse that
"attacks dogs, &c.). »•
^T wn!^ anfi, f. a handful; a bundle of
■■ grass, &c. , a small fa^ot ; a skein of thread, a bank, k
..■Xxl>\ vnsayani, 1 ,, ^ , .- i a.
'*-i >■ the two testicles, ears,&c, a
j^^jjJo\ unsayaini, \
J\ wsfif anuj, younger, junior. «.
Isi I an-ja, there, az an-ja, thence, p.
A:^\ anjam, m. end, termination ; accident
vexation ; in comp. ending, &c. p.
Ulai\ ^H ' ^flH T anjama, barren (land) in whicb
nothing will grow. h. [conclude, f
j^iJjk/«\^\ anjaniidan, to terminate, to finish*
^^\ fnrJTR nn-jan, unwitting, unintentional,
unknowing, ignorant; m. a stranger. anjSn-h., to
assume the stranger, to pretend ignorance of a person
or thing, s.
\j\:fi\ ^'TiTTiTT an-jana, unknown, a stranger
ignorant, an jane, ignorantly, unwittingly, h.
^\af\ an-jani, f. ignorance, negligence, h.
I
{J^\ anja,t, a mongrel or hybrid animal, d.
.Uj£i anjabar or injibar, name of a plant
from which a drink is prepared for obstinate colds,
spitting of blood, &c. p. [honey, s.
j^^Jifsi^ anjabin (Arabic form of angdbm),
\j:d\ anjara or injara, m. a nettle, p.
(j^^ ^'f^T or 'SHT'TTf an-jas, m. infamy, s.
^y^\ anjal, m. (v. ^)^^), two handfuls, &c.
^J■ai\ W^^ or ^^31^ ann-jal, m. victuals
and drink ; Fers. ab o ddna or ab-dana. t.
'^\ ^r^^ anjla, m. two handfuls, as much
as can be held in both hands open ; the junction of
the two hands to form the shape of a boat ; Scottice,
a goupen. s.
^^^ ^♦T'IqJT an-jala, unburnt, unscorched. s.
i^^ ^^f^ anjli f. (same as anjla), it also
"denotes a mode of salutation by carrying the two
hands joined (as above) to the forehead, s.
jt:d\ anjum (pi. of ^). stars, constellations, a.
(ilv*f\ injimadf m. state of congealing or
congelation, a.
i^^4^\ anjuman, f. an assembly* meeting,
company, banquet, p.
^ji^ I ^rraR anjan,\ m. a collyrium, an oint-
,o*^'^ ^^W anja/if J ment applied to the eye-
lashes with a view to blacken and improve them. t.
,^'\ ^»T«T anjan, m. a kind of grass, much
used (in the upper provinces) as food for cattle, h.
Uail TnT»nn an-jana, unborn ; m. an inferior
kind of rice. h.
'u^* I ^I^Hl anJ7ia, a. to tinge the eyes with
anjan. s.
\xf\ ^S(^(^ anjna, n. to be tinged with anjaw,
t, the mother of Hanuman ; a lizard. *.
\Mfjd\ V!l%4fi4IK anjan-sar, m. collyrium. s.
IsTxssf^ m%jrH<*l anjanika, f. a kind of newt
or lizard, s.
^X^^\ '^^ri^lO anjanhari, f. a stye (or
Btithe) on the eyelids, h.
^^\ 'gT^ ff T l anjam, f. a woman perfumed
" with sandal, &c. a medicinal plant used as a sedative
and laxative.
ysST^iTa/y« 1m. a tear j (see y**i\
«4^'1 ^T^ anjhu, J ansu). h.
*ud\ ^r^T.anjir, m. a fig. ^.
jAsi^ inj'il, m.the New Testament, Gospel, g.
J\ ^rH anch, f. heat, flame of a fire (not of
a candle), glare, blaze ; (in Dakh,) ashes of cow-dung.fe.
\^\ ir^ unchoj high, lofty (for uncha). h.
\^\ nncha, ro. the post for letters, a stage or
station on the road, d.
elevation,
height, s.
( 65 ) 0^\
(^^V^^ T»T'^'W nuchas, forty-nine. s.
{j*t\^\ ir^T^ nuchas, f. height, elevation, h.
j^lail unchan, height, elevation, d.
ul^\ ^^TtTT unchana, a. to raise, to take up. s.
J \^\ "^f^H uncha,u, m.
cLsfcl^\ ^T?7 unchdhat, f.
jJU^l "g^T^ nncha,l, f.
C»;&1^\ ^f1-«l|^ii an-chdhat, not desired, s,
lHa^I ^rrfWCrT ati-chit, unaware, suddenj adv.
suddenly, h. png s
<J1*|2^ ^nrf'^lT au-uchit, imprope.. unbecom-
j^\ W^'^R. anuchar, m. u companion, a fol-
lower, an attendant, anuchari, f. a female companion, s.
j^\ '^'4K dnchar, I m. the hem of a cloak
\j^\ ^^TT auchrd, J or veil ; a border at
the end of a veQ, shawl, Sic. s.
^y^^ W^ anchal, 1 m. breast (of a woman
(J>^1 ^(T^^ anchal, ^ or lactescent animal);
the hem of a cloak or veil ; a border of a veil or shawl, s.
y^\ ^T^^n anchld, m. the hem of a cloak,
&c., a sheet, used among Jogis s.
^Uail an-cAww-aw, even as, just as. p.
jOj^\ ^x(r(1^ vneh-ntch, ups and downs of
life, vicissitude, high and low, particulars, s.
*^\ ^r^ dnchu, m. the raspberry, kdld dnchu,
the hill bramble, h.
d^\ dn-chi, that which, whatsoever, p.
l^^\ ^frj Tsil an-ichchhd, f. indifference, ab-
sense of desire, s.
^)-^^ \ ^Htilc^I an-chhtld, unlicked, rude ;
unpared (as fruit, &c.). h.
^J-^ L^J*^ lj^^ wwcAI sirht charhnd, to
to mount a high ladder, i.e. to obtain a high rank. d.
Iju^^ anchend, m. valuation or estimate of
g^wing crops : it is also called kan-kut, q. v. d.
( 'i\j^\ inhirdf (in Dakh. also iuhirdfi), de-
flection, inversion, change ; met. to prove a turncoat ;
recantation, deviation from* the meridian, chiefly ap-
plied to the bearing of the temple of Mecca ; declina-
tion of a heavenly body; a disease, defect, distemper, a.
j^ta^\ inhisdr, m. surrounding, encircling, a.
I jUi^\ inkhifdf, m. levity, lightness, a,
^Jl»-\,^\ anddhhtan (r. anddz), to cast, to
throw down. p.
Kii>'\dj\ anddkhta, cast away, thrown, p.
J^^\ anddr, a narrative, story, tale, fiction, p.
\j^^\ ^T^in inddvd, ra. a large well built of
^olid masonry.
F
Jjt 66
j\s>\ andaz, "1 m. valuation, guess ; weigh-
ij\^\ andazaj ing, measurement; time
in music; mode, manner; (in comp.) throwing, aa
bark-andaz, a thrower of lightning, a matchlockman.
anddz-pattl, f. an estimate of the value of a growing
crop. p.
Ji\i\ andam, m. body, stature, figure, an-
' dami-nihani, pudendum mulieris. p.
jii3\ andar, within, inside, inwardly, p.
jdJ'\ ^ indra, m. the king of the Devatas,
the regent of the visible heaven; the thunderer.
indra-dwadashi, the ) 2th day of the month Bhadra,
a festival in honour of Indra. a.
jtJJ\ 'HffTjr a-nidr, awake, sleepless, s.
\jS>\ indira, f. the goddesB of wealth, s.
-j.^ji^S\ indiraj, m. becoming extinct(a family) ;
being folded together, insertion, a.
^^**»\.d^\ ^^|f(«l indrasan, m. the throne of
Indra. s.
jj^jiij^ ^•([lliUl or i^^'l h1 indrani, f. the wife
of Indra; the name of a medicine or plant {Vitex ne-
gundo). s.
j^.^.iij' indrawan (v. indrayari). d.
^ Vi3.it ^5lN*!J indrayan^ f. colocynth, wild
gourd ; a fruit of beautiful appearance, but bitter taste
{Cucumis colocynihis) : hence a beautiful but worthless
person is called indrayan ka phal, the fruit of in-
drayan. s.
•JbiVjujJt i^^^y indra-badhu, f. name of an
insect (a species of acarus, of a scarlet colour like vel-
vet) ; the wife of Indra. s.
^Utiji.iyA ^^^n^ indra-prastha, one of the
names of ancient Dihii. s.
bJ*'jjJ.tiJ\ ^t^Mir^iTT mdra-prohitd, f. the
asterism Pusliya. s. [dra. «.
cfrU*^^ ^"5^0 indra-puri, f. the city of In-
J\j>-.tii\ ^•^aflc^ indra-jal, m. deception,
cheating, juggling: trick or stratagem in war. in-
drajali, m. a conjuror, juggler; adj. deceptive, un-
resd. s.
fTj"^^ X'^^ ^'' ^'^HTf indra-jau, m. name
of a medicinal seed that grows on the plant kara,tja.
q. V. ; (Sparrow's tongue, Nerium antidysentericum). s.
J.jjl andaraz, m. last will ; last advice, pre-
cepts, or admonitions, p.
\mj^\ MIH^^I an-darsa, m, a kind of fried
sweetmeats, a kind of clotk (see adarsd). h,
,J«J^iiJt ^•^»f'i<jJ indra-nil, m. a sapphire, s.
(-ilLOj^^ ^'^r'ft^^ ^ndra-ntlak, m. an
emerald. «.
jUjiiJ^ andarwar (for andarun) within, d.
^jj .ii31 andarun, within, inner apartments,
interior, p.
sJmjS>\ andaruna, internal, relating to the in-
side, p.
^•.iii\ andaruni, internal, intrinsic, p.
(^liot ^TJ^ indrt, \ f. the senses (internal
ijj^^ jf^ indriya, J and external), organs
of action and perception (those of action are the hand,
the foot, the voice, the organ of generation and the
organ of excretion; those of perception, the mind, the
eye, tlie ear, the nose, the tongue, and the skin) ;
the privities, membrum virile, veretrum animalium,
indrt julldh, a diuretic medicine, indriya-gyan, m. the
faculty of perception, sense, consciousness, s.
I4S0 ,i>j\ ^'^^ indu-rekhd, f. a digit of the
moon. s.
c\Si^\ indifa', m. warding off, repelling, a.
{^^^\ andak, little, small, fevr. andaki, f. a
small portion or number, p.
j^^\ andahar, m. "1 darkness, obscurity ;
{jji^\ andakarl, f. J adj. dark. d.
^JJI undid (for andhld q. v.), blind, dark. d.
Jlcii3\ indimdl, m. recovering, getting well
of a wound, a.
^^i^\ "?Tgf^«T anudin, every day, daily, s.
jS>\ ^n»5. dndu, m. the chain or rope with
which the feet of elephants are tied up. t.
jljtWl ^^^R induwdr, m. the day of the
moon, Monday, s.
ius«-jiijl andokhta, acquired, gained ; m.
gain, acquisition, p. [crusted, p.
lijJJl andud (in comp.), besmeared, en-
jjiXil ^»KSC indur, m. a rat, mouse, s.
jjjjl andoz, in comp. gaining, acquiring, p.
\^^<y>\ V«(^<^«n andolnd, n. to swing, s.
8ji3Jt andoh, m. grief, anxiety, trouble; an-
doh-gin, full of grief, sad, afflicted, p.
^Si\ SR^ andh, m. darkness ; adj. blind.
andh-iamas, m. great darkness. 5.
\jb^\ ^VT atidhd, adj. blind, dark, andhd
dhUnd, blind, blindly, andhd dhund rond, to weep ex-
cessively, andhd dhund liUdnd, to squander, spend
extravagantly, andhd ku.d or andhd-kup, m. a well
filled up with rubbish, andhd-kharch (Dakh.), prodi-
gality, extravagance, s.
\j^Si>\ andhdrd, dark, obscure, d.
^J\ib>^\ andhdri, f. darkness, obscurity,
cloudiness ; a blind over a horse's eyes. d.
IjJbiiJt ^nyin andhatd, f. blindness, s.
<j}iti^\ ^n^^ andhak, m. a blind man ; a
man's name ; adj. blind. ».
jKfciiJ\ '^VoBR andhahdr, m. darkness. «.
\^Kj&JJl andhakdrd, m."! darkness, obscurity,
^_g;KJbJjl andhakdri, f.J cloudiness, s.
'^S>\ ^^<j n andhld (see Ut^il andhd),
blind, s.
^V.^'^'^' W^^SfHT andhldpan, m. blind-
ness : intellectual blindness ; acting as if one were
blind, k.
^\
(
_^i3J^ ^VT indhan, m. fire-wood. s.
jSbS>\ 'ST^V'T an-dhan, m. wealth, both in
grain and coin, properly anna-dkan. i.
\^S>\ W^Vtman-dho^a,un\\a.she6, unclean, s.
^kiJI andhi, f. storm, hurricane, tempest; a
"darkening or louring of the sky. andhl-h., to en-
gage keenly in a had action, h. [darkness. *.
^^\jJ6tiJ\ ^f^ilKI andhiyara, blind, dark; m.
^tiJ^, ^SVT andher, m. darkness, misfortune,
calamity, injustice, tumult, andher-k., to tyrannize,
oppress, h.
\jiJbSi\ ^VtT andliera, dark; ra. darkness.
(See andhiyara). andhert-kopirt, f. dark room ; the
belly ; the womb. h.
/ofciiJ^ ^r^^ andheri, f. darkness, a blind
for a horse, s,
jjifctiJ\ ^«TVl«f an-adhm, independent, s.
i^jiL>u>Jl andesh, thinking, contriving; used
In comp. as bad-andesh q. v. p.
^\SLi^i!^\ andesh-nak or andesh-mandj
thoughtful, anxious, p. [anxiety, p.
^\^.\Si\ andeshnaki or andesh-mandt, f.
&.i»>,ii3l andesha, m. thought, meditation, sus-
picion, care, concern, andeska-k., to reflect, to hesi-
tate, to fear. p.
t^s^,S^\ andesha-mand, full of anxiety, p.
^Jfij^xLi^S^\ andesha-mandi, anxiousness,
" concern, p.
vt.^.\ y^\ andeshtdan, to consider to reflect, p.
l45o,i3\ tHtf^^T an-dekhd, not yet seen, undis-
covered, invisible. A.
S)\ ^(J^ and (vulgarly <!io| and or dnr), m.
Pal ma Christi {Ricinus vulgaris), h.
SJ\ ^np a7id, m. an egg ; a testicle, and-kos
or and-kosh, a hernia or rupture, t.
<ii 1 ^T?B or ^niJ and or dnr, in. a testicle,
the scrotum ; semen genitale. t,
1 j6\ W?^ andd (also dnda), m. an egg. *.
— 4ij\ lR?pif andaj (lit. egg-born), oviparous,
a bird. a.
WS^\ andrd or dndra, m. an egg. d.
OfiJi "V^^cH andkd, m. an egg; also used for
akha, a pannier, or rather one of the bags forming
a pannier, h.
iJii^SJ\ ^J^4tm and-kosh, m. the scrotum,
the testicles ; rupture, hernia, s.
U)(!ul undalnd, a. to pour out water, &c. d.
\j^'s>\ andalnd, to consider, to determine or
settle, d.
.<i31 wnp dnduy having large testicles, dndu
bail, a bull. In Dakhanl it is said to mean a bull with
one testicle, s.
lj<!ij^ ^^P^n induyd, m. a head cushion for
carrying a burden on. h.
67 )
^\
t^lj3J) andwdyi, f. a swelled testicle, d,
j^ji!Jo\ ^<!s^ indu,i, f. a head or crown orna-
ment ; also a cushion, v. indu.a. h.
\jS>xim^jS^\ ande-seknd, to bring forth young;
to keep one's own house, ande men kt zardi, applied
to one who is raw and inexperienced, d.
J^,<5ol ^^^ andel, oviparous; pregnant
(bird), h.
Ub.3o^ "^^^onrr undelnd, a. to pour water, h.
\ibdi\ji\ ^TTVT anurddhd, f. the 17th lunar
mansion, designated by a row of oblations ; stars in
Libra, s.
•—^1)11)' ^tTOT anurdg, m. affection, love. s.
\^\ji\ ^WiliHI anurdgnd, n. to be in love
with. s. [loving, caressing, a.
ls\)i^ W^U^ft anurdgi, making friendship,
i^y^ '^fH'5 an-arth, unmeaning, fruitless, ab-
surd, improper, s. [restrained a.
> J^\ ^•T^ a-niruddha, unobstructed, un-
(j**p^ ^»T^ an-ras, m. want of flavour or
enjoyment ; disgust, nauseousness ; coolnesa distaste,
misunderstanding between friends, s.
(,j*i;^ji ^!I^^ ann-ras, m. chyle, s.
jJ-Ol 'STftr^^ a-nirmal, dirty, foul. s.
^^J>\ ^'T'S^ a-nirnay, m. uncertainty. «.
jiy^ ^T^^ an-rini, unindebted, s.
cljuyl ^"tT^tf anurup, like, conformable; m.
conformity, s.
^iS^-jJ] ^ffrl'^rfhl a-nirvachaniya,^ not fit
,jL»-j il ^f^^^ a-nirvachya, J to be
spoken, indefinable, s, [ness. $,
>45jiJ] ^»rCtVf anurodh, m. service, obliging-
C^.y\ ^«tOw an-rit, f. unmannerliness, ill-
behaviour, s.
J>\ WR^ dnr, m. a testicle (v. and),
JhJ\ iwzaZ, m. emission, sending down;
emissio seminis. a.
CJ^jji\ anzarut, m. sarcocoUaj (gum-resin,
said to be from Penaa mucronatd). a. p.
\jjil inzirva, retiring into a corner or cell (a
reclnse). a. [thing. A.
(j«3 1 "mJJt dns, f. the fibrous part of any
^j<*3\ ins, men, mankind, the human race, a,
^juj\ uns, m. friendship, love, affection, so-
ciety, companionship, a.
fjuj\ ^ra ans or ^^ ansh, m. a part, division,
share, right, possession ; a degree of a circle ; a frac-
tion, the numerator of a fraction ; essence. ansa-
patra, a deed setting forth the shares of a property
between the members of a Hindu family. ansa-hdrS,
m. one who takes a share of an estate ; a co-heir or
joint sharer, && a. ,^
u-^l
( 68 )
^1
u->LJ^ ansab (pi. of {^aS), generations,
families, a.
j\^\ W^WT. unusdr, alike, according to ;
in. conformity to usage, anttsart, a4J* following, ac-
cording witli or to. t.
j^\-«*>\ insan, m. man, mankind, a,
#j«jl-«*>l ^^^^ a/isans or anshansha, m. a sub-
division, a share of a share, s.
^\-*Jl insarii, of or belonging to humanity,
•• peculiar to man, human, a.
f "aoI .W insantyat, f. humanity, human
kindness; afifability. a.
c-»*»<3\ ansab, advisable, most proper, a.
CL**m3\ anasat, f. intimacy, use, cheerfulness, a.
^'LJI <J«if<7 unsath, fifty-nine. s.
(C,lfc4>(j«3\ '^^IMlil ansdharl, successful ; (in
theologj) incarnating, t.
^jjJi\ W^TR^n anusarna, n. to follow a per-
son, to follow on some previous circumstance, s.
tii-o^ ^S[f^ansik,a partner; a proprietor, s.
,^x«i) vsurn^ fln-siA^,unlearned,un taught, s.
\^slf^\ ^^^W*KJ an-sa7n;Aa,notunderstood.A.
ll-J\^I*T^^ r7«-.9Mna,unheard,disregarded. h.
^\jt>(\LMj\ ^{1^«UM anusandhan, m. inquiry,
investigation, s.
\jJ>^JJJ>\ ^n{Wi^ '^X^nangunl-k., a. to pretend
not to hear what is spoken ; to disregard, h.
^^*j\ ^^ anxti, m. a tear, a/isu hhar-lana,
to have the eyes filled with tears. *.
jiy^\ ^^^K nnuswara, m. the nasal dot or
character in Devanagari. *.
&-J>\j-*jl ^^RTO: anarvdma, m. a measure
of land, twenty of which make a pilwaAsa. h.
(i/^'JCJ*^ iras ojinn, m. men and spirits, a.
j_^-*>^ "st^ or ^^ ansi or amhi, a partner,
sharer, co-heir, s, [taught, s.
'A .*■ ■" " ^ ^ ''^''^T^sn an-sikhd, uninstructed, un-
(jpUL-Oi unsiyain (for unsiyaini), the two
testicles, a.
Lij\ mshd, writing, composition, elegance of
style, the belles lettres. inshd-pardazi, f. writing, let-
ter-writing, a.
^\jcaii\ \Jl>\ in-shd aUdhu ta'dla, if God the
" most High willeth ; Deo volente. a.
tiLt-2oWf<rfF^n-/s/t/,undesired,evil, ominous. s..
l^ii.^\ wfrfWT an-ishthd, f. unstedfastness, un-
/rteadiness. .?. [forbidden. *.
JbiXiJ^ '^rffffn^ nn-ishiddha, unprohibited, un-
j\*oJ>\ ansdr (pi. of^^U), assistants, friends
(of Muhammad), applied to the inhabitants of Medina
who first embraced the Islam religion, a.
j^jLa^^ ansdri, a tribe of Muhammadan
S'/iaiift*,tuppoBed to have come originally fromMediua. a.
{ 9^^\ insdf, m. decision (of a cause); equity,
justice, int&f-talab, one who seeks for justice, a,
^Li£o\ insirdm, m. completion, end. a.
)o\.Ktai\ inzibdtf f. being bound or determined,
restraint; self-controL a. [printed, a,
fiUla^\ intiba, being impressed or stamped,
j\ja)\ anzdr (pi. of ijo), looks, eyes. a.
^\jo\ in dm, m. a present, a gift, indm-i-
ikrdm, an honourable g^ift. in'am-ka-paisa, prize money.
in'dml altamghd, a grant under the royal seal, in'dmi
Jcdnungo, an assignment of rent-free land to a village'
accountant, an'dm, gifta. a.
CL>jo\jo\ indmat, f. a gift, a benefaction; an
assignment of rent-free land. a.
(^_j*» Oool inikds, m. being turned upside down ;
reflexion (from a mirror),repercussion,reverberation.a.
j\s6\ anfdr (pi. of ji.)), individuals, persons,
soldiers, servants, a. [rits. a.
f^jti\so\ anfds (pi. of jj«i>), breathings, spi-
sa£^ avjfkha, m. rennet, leaven; a substance
tending to produce fermentation ; a term in medicine.
(The word is apparently a corruption of the Arabic
in/aiat). d.
JLafl3\ infixdl, m. decision, termination (of a
cause) ; division, separation, settling. infifSl-k., to
settle, to decide (corruptly infisdll). a.
jJUa>\ injidl, m. shame,confusion, modesty, a.
{^\yaj\ inkibdz, m. detention, constipation, a.
l»L«ft31 inkisdm, m. division, dividing, a.
Uofli^ inkizd, m. the expiration of any term;
adj. elapsed, ended, fulfilled, accomplished, finished,
completed, a.
c\Iaa3\ inhita, m. being broken, cut off, cessa-
tion, failure, separation, adjustment, a.
I— ->!i)Jo\ inkildb, m. revolution, vicissitude,
alteration, change, inversion, transposition, a.
i3lxa^\ inkiydd, in. fidelity, submission, obe-
dience, compliance a.
i-dijl ^toF dnh, "Im.aletterofthealpha-
uiJo\ W^ or '^?ir anh,) hex; a figure, a num-
ber (in contradistinction to sun or sunna, a dot or
cypher) ; the stamp on coins, plate, he. ank-kdr, m. an
assayer ; a mark (on cloth, pointing out the price) ; the
flank or part above the hip ; embrace, the bosom ; (for
atiff) a share, portion, dnk-ddr, a sharer. *.
uiJbl dnuk, m. a kettle-drum, a kind of large
drum beaten only at one end. s.
j^\ inkdr, denial, refusal, disavowal, a.
li\^\ ^^Ml ankdnd, a. to cause to value,
to prize, to examine (as cloth), to approve of. t.
jK>^^ciiT?r//?/.a,o,m.valuation,appi'aisement/t.
i_^.^jkfx> I ^t«F#^ dnk-bandi, f. an adjustment
of rents. /*.
C^\ ^ffmi ankit, marked, spotted, paged,
counted, .t.
CLSj\ ^^m an-uktf not told j m. a trope, s.
ul>\ ankattdAm. a bank, a prop or support,
&jSo\ ankata, J a dam or embankment in a
river ; a lock. d.
Jij\ ankar, more or most wicked, very offen-
sive, displeasing or detestable, a.
j>^\ ^fJWJi ankar (for dkar), baving come. s.
J>^>\ ^W^ ankur, ") m. the first sprout from
j^\ ^^ ankurd,) a seed (after planting),
a shoot, a plantlet, a germ. s.
p>^\ ^TaW anukram, m. order, method, sue-
i^r
cession, series, s.
^j^^ ^^ ankri, f. a kind of vetch {V\
sativa) ; wet grain ; a young sprout, a.
tcta
(jTjXil Niiiatvl ankrij'\ f. (also ankfi), the
4^-^ I WcF^ dnkrtj barb, of an arrow;
a circle, a hook, tenter, catch ; a tendril, a drrhus ;
a fishing-hook. h.
(j-*X>t dn-kas, that person, whosoever, &c. p.
{j^^ '^(ofc^, W^RJ, ^ora dnhas, ankas, or
aHArtM, m. the iron with which elephants are driven,
a goad, ankus mama, to bring to obedience, to reduce
to submission. Some European writers (probably the
King of Oude's cockney barber) have corrupted the
word into "hawkuss" or "horkuss," vid. Lib. of Enter-
taining Knowledge, vol. The Elephant, p. 15. a
.L«X)\ inkisdr (corruptly inkisdn), m. being
routed, humility, want of courage, despondency, a.
(_-jL-x)^ inkisdf, m . being eclipsed (the sun ). a.
^^\.^Si\ inkishdf, detection, disclosure, a.
^e-x>\ "ef^^tjl or ^cF^ anksi or ankusi, f. a
" hook, a tenter. *.
(j^^ ^^^ 01' "^i^^l ankvsh or dnkush, same
as ankas, an elephant's goad. «.
ufAx>^ v^^oh ankakf m. an accountant, arith-
metician, s.
U.»x;\ ^^{^(ifm anukampd, f. tenderness, pity. s.
^^Mj\ ^chHI anknd, n. to be valued, prized,
examined, approved of; a. to mark, page a book, dis-
tinguish a thing by some mark. s.
'Oiot 'SToRT dnknd, a. to mark, to page, to
write numbers ; to value, to examine, to approve of. s.
j^y^^ V«h4Tl. ankrvdr, f. an embrace, the
bosom, ankwar bharna, to embrace, t.
CL>^^^\ ^r^^li? nnna-lmf, m. a festival cele-
brated by Hindus on the day following the Dew&ll,
by offering a large quantity of meats to the god. «.
b^ij uiJo\ ^^fror anka-vidyd, f. arithmetic, i.
, Sj\ ^S^ ankur, '\
j^ioi Wffn ankura,)
sprout, s.
\jy^\ ankordf m. a large hook, a kind of
grapnel, d.
(J^^ ^rjehc^' awuHZ, coinciding, favourable,
conformable, acting in concert with, anukulatd, f. coin-
cidence, concert, concord. dnukUlya, m. assistance,
patronage, s.
&i^1 dn-ki, he or she who, that which, p.
>^ 1 ^^ dnkh, f. the eye. dnkh-avjarii, f. a
stye on thu ej'elids. dnkh dm, to have an inflammation
of the eyes, to be blear-eyed, dnkh bachdnd, to steal
away privately and unseen, dnkh hadalna, to withdraw
one's favour or affection from any one. dnkh hardhar
na kar saknd, (not to be able to look stedfastly in an-
other's face), to be ashamed, dnkh band kar lent, to
turn from anotlier, to treat one with neglect ; to die.
dnkh hharke dekhnd, to look till one's curiosity is fiilly
satisfied, ankh bhar land, to have eyes full of tears, to
be ready to cry. dnkh pasdrnd, (obsolete) to open one's
eyes, to stare, to be wise and prudent, to discriminate,
to discern, to be judicious, dnkh pathrdni. (from pat-
thar, a stone), to become dim (the eyes) from long ex-
pectation, dnkh pharaknl, to feel a pulsation in the eye,
considered as an omen of some desirable event, as the
meeting of friends, is meA ddhnt dnkhjonpharkl, dil nieh
shad hu,d hi yih shugun achchhd hai. On this, feeling a
pulsation in the right eye, he (RajaDushmanta) rejoiced
in his heart, conceiving it to be a favourable omen.
SaJnintald Ndtak : (a pulsation in the right eye of a
man, or the left of a woman, is a favourable omen, the
reverse disastrous), dnkh phutnt, to be blind, dnkh
phuti, pir ga,i, the eye is lost, and the pain is gone
(spoken of a contention, which has ceased by the object
of it being lost to both parties), dnkh-phofd, m. a
midge, that flies into the eyes at night, diikh phorni,
to make blind; to expect or watch in vain, dnkh
phernt, to shew aversion after friendship (see dnkh
morni). dnkh pher lend, to turn awaj' the eyes (as from
grief, displeasure, &c.). dnkh phaildnd (see dnkh pa-
sdrnd). dnkh thandt karm, to have consolation by
meeting friends, to be glad, dnkh jorni, to look sted-
fastly (inelegant), dnkh jhapaknd, (to have eyelids
joined, to move them quickly), to fear, dnkh churdni,
(to steal eyes), not to attend to, to avert eyes through
shame, dislike, &c., to avoid the sight of any one. dnkh
chafhdnl, to be angry ; to be intoxicated, dnkli cliarhnd,
to have eyes marked by deb;'.uch. dnkh chamkdnl, to
make the eyes dance (to roll one's eyes) in anger, or
as a blandishment, dnkh chhipdnl {to hide one's eyes)
to be ashamed of an improper act. dnkh chir chn
dekhnd, and dnkh chirke dekhnd, to look with great at-
tention and deep meditation ; with anger, dnkh ddbnl,
(to shut one's eyes), to forbid by signs, dnkh dikhdni
at dikhldn'i, (to shew one's eyes), to frighten, to restrain,
to brow-beat, dnkli dekltke kuchh kanid, to do any
thing after consulting the inclination of .another, dnkh
dabdabdnt, to iill the eyes with tears, dnkh dhakni,
(obsolete, to have eyes shut) ; to die ; to be ashamed.
dnkh rakhrii, to love, to entertain friendship ; to have
hope ; to discern, dnkh surJch karni. to be angry, dnkh
se dekhke kuchh-k., to do any thing knowingly and witli
reflection, ankh se girnd (to fall from eyes), to become
contemptible, dnkh senkni, to contemplate the beauty
of any one. dnkh kisl se roshan-k., (to obtain a look
from any one), to meet (visit) a friend or person of rank.
ankh kist ki dekhni (to look at one's eyes), to receive
education in any one's company, dnkh khafakni, to have
pain in the eyes, dnkh kholnd (see dnkh pasdrnd). dnkh
garm karni (see dnkh senkni). dnkh ghuraknd, to look
at with anger, dnkh lajrdnt, to wink as a hint, to com-
municate a secret by signs, ankh larnl, to encounter
the eyes of another ; to meet vtith one's lover unex-
pectedly, dnkh lagdnt, to contract friendship or affec-
tion for any one, to fall in love, dnkh mdrnt, to wink ;
to stop any one by a sign ; to make amorous signs with
the eyes, ankh michawwal, m. dnkh michauli, f. blind-
man's buff (Fers. sarmdmak). dnkh mildm (to exchange
looks), to contract friendship, drih mllnt, to look
Cil3\
(
rtedfastly. ankh minch jdna, to die, to perish, ankh
moj-ni (see iinkh pherni). ankh mundke ek chiz ka ikh-
tiyar-k., to choose or accept precipitately or inconsis-
tently, ankh mundni (see ankh band kar lent), ankh
mundaura, m. btindman s buff, ankh na rakhni (not to
have eyes, not to look) to have no hope or expectation ;
to be mentally blind, ankh nam karnd (see ankh bhar
Idna), to have the eyes full of tears, ankhon par baithna
(to sit on eyes), to be beloved, to sit or cause to sit on
a very elevated place ; to become dignified. ankhoA
ka guldbl karna (to have the redness of the eyes), is
applied to a look of intoxication or wantonness, ankhon
men ana, to intoxicate (applied especially to wine).
ankhon men phirna, to be always present in one's eyes,
to be ever in one's mind. dnkhoA men pen lend, to be
at ease, secure, &c. dnkhoA men charbi chhdnd, to be
wilfully blind, to pretend from pride not to know one's
old acquaintance. dnkhoA men khdk ddlnd (lit. to throw
dust in one's eyes) ; to commend or puff wares of an
inferior quality ; to pilfer or snatch away any thing
quickly and privately, dnkhon men khuraknd, to be
seen with envy and dislike- dnkhon men ghar karnd,
to be beloved or esteemed ; to persist in one's own
erroneous opinions, dnkhon men rat kdtnd or lejdnd, to
pass the night awake, ankhen-wdld, m. (lit. '■ a man
with eyes "), a spy, an inspector, one of the secret po-
lice, dnkhen dekhnd, to study one's temper or inclina-
tion ; to behave respectfully towards another, dnkhen
mil ptli karnt, to change the colour of the face from
excess of anger, s.
>\^\
^
ankhfi,
^r«?im ankhiya,
>\ an-khat, m. dislike, aversion, d.
Jl^^l ^«3«ici> anukhal, m. a creek, s,
\i[^\ WfmnjJ or ^m^\ ankhana, n. to be
angry or displeased, to be peevish or fretful, h.
y^^ ^i<jn« ankha,u, m. valuation (by the
eye without measurement) of a growing crop. »•
iJj^^ ^<siO ankhri,
f. the eye, a glance
of the eye. »
[lars or beams, d,
j^^>j\ ankhan, m. the space between two pil-
^^U^x>\ "Wr<^ ankhiyan, f, the eyes, amo-
rous glances, s.
\^Si\ ^TT aiig, a demand on each head of
cattle for pasture, an agistment, h,
cL^I 'Sn^ anfi,\m. the body, a limb, ang
^L^\ ^^ anga,} ho lagna, to be firm or
confirmed ; to have effect ; a member, portion, anga-
nydsa, act of touching different parts of the body as a
religious exercise, s.
<.L^\ W^ anug or anuga, m. a follower, a
servant ; adj. following, succeeding, i,
\SJ\ ^r]fT anga, m. a coat or upper-garment,
a long tunic worn alike by the Hindus and Musal-
mans : the former tie it on the left, the latter on the
right breast, s.
S.'>\ W^ anga, f. a nurse, a maid whose busi-
ness it is to hold, watch, and amuse a child, h.
\^\ ^^R angar, 1 m. embers, sparks ;
\j\X!>\ wgrCT angara, J wrath, rage; a fire-
brand, fire, a spark, a bit of fire, angar or angdroA
par lofnd, to be highly enraged, particularly from jea-
lousy, angar kd kifd, m. a salamander, h.
jUol ^'^rfc angari, f. a small fire-pan. «.
70 ) JJ5>
e;'^*-^^' angaridan,'\ to reckon, compute
garidanA
lashtan, J
^jLuMSS angashtan, j suppose, imagine, p
^_^vX)l ^T5iTT»ft anugaml, following, conse-
"quent upon, devoted to, imitating, s.
(^^i\ angahin, m. honey (Arab. anjahtn).p.
C^'i\ iMHMii anugat, m. a follower, adj.
gone after, dependent on, attached to. a.
C^*> > \ ^r^it ingit, m. hint, sign, gesture;
motion ; inquiry, research. *.
eOJX;^ angaddiya, m. a man who carries
money or jewels concealed in his quilted clothes, h.
i^)/-i\ yi^^\\ angra,t, f. yawning (v. an-
grd.i). h.
l^^^l ^'K*4T angarkha, m. a coat, gown,
jacket, doublet, an upper garment, t.
ij^\ ^njJT^ anugrah, m. favour, kindness,
indulgence. *.
{^j^>^ ^J^ o-nguri (same as anguti), f. a
finger, a finger's breadth, t. [England.
ji.S-y^ angrez or ingrez (vulg. angrej, &c.),
i^ji.^^ angrezi, English, the English lan-
guage (the term is of Portuguese origin).
^^j^^^ ^'X\^J ang7-ikha, m. a vest, coat, &c.
(v. angarkhd. s.
\^\j^) ^r^TTJTr an^.rana, n. to yawn, to stretch
the limbs), to oscitate. h.
ij^y^^^ vi^'Si^ 01- '-^^^angra^i or angra,t, f.
stretching the limbs, yawning, &c. A.
ijCi] 'STrpT^ an-garh, \ unwrought, un-
Ijfcj^i ^»f'ldl an-garha,) formed; unedu-
cated, unlicked, unfinished, unset (as a ring or jewel).
angafhi bdt, inconsistent or ill-arranged speech. A.
ci,*-iX3\ angusht, f. a finger, angushti-hairat
ddntoA men rakhnd, to bite the finger, or place it be-
tween the teeth to express surprise, p.
^ljLi*.C3\ angushtan, 1 m. a ring (particu-
aJljLilw^ angushtana,) larly the one worn on
the thumb) ; a thimble, p.
,^JxzX>\ angushtart, f. a ring, particularly
one worn on the finger, not applied to that on the
thumb, p.
I^CIa / mO^ angusht-nuwa, one who is pointed
at, famous (in a good or bad sense, but in India most
frequently in a bad one), notorious. aitguslU-numd,t,
act of pointing out with the finger, p.
,^jLiX3\ SH^>8 angushtha, m. the thumb, s.
^y^>^ ^5^ or ■^^^S ungal or angul, m. the
thumb, a finger, s.
^jljL-iCil iiiglisfan or anglistdn, England, p.
,^J-Cil ^Mcjsl, W^-y^, ^^^ U7igli, angVt, or a7i-
"gitli, f a finger, a finger's breadth, pair kt iin^li, a toe.
Icaldm kt ungli, fore-finger, btch kt miglJ, middle-finger.
kan uiigll, little finger, uitglt kd nok, tip of the finger.
ungli kdtnd, to be astonished, s.
iJL\*}X.>\ W^y7 a/w/^<,f. appearance, jjerson. h.
J61
( 71 )
e^
jj,*jiG^ angtis or inglls, English, the term
is generally applied to an invalided soldier.
(Vf<«(.^T ^Tl'JTTi' ang-mafi, f. yawning,
stretching the body (a dog, &c.). A.
^2JJ^^ ^^TTH'T anugaman, m. (the going after)
applied to the ceremony of burning a Hindu widow
who has heard of her husband's death when from
home. s.
{^\ "^W^ ungan, m. dozing, drowsiness (from
opium &c.) ; greasing a wheel to set it asleep, i.e. to
prevent creaking. A.
jj^ST ^T^ angan,\m, (also angna) a yard,
\lCi\ ^^^T angna, J area, court, inclosed
space adjoining to a house, s.
\^\ ^^0\m an-gina, uncounted, number-
less, angina mahitia, the eighth month of a woman's
pregnancy, h. [(same as angan). s.
i^\yfj\ ^TWn^ angna,t, f. a yard, area, &c.
tIl.*lC.>\ ^flfl*[Icr or ^nprfWcT an-ginat or
an-ganit, uncounted, beyond calculation, s.
jJ>-G^ W^rf'Wifl" an-ginti, uncounted, count-
"less, numberless, s.
jJ^3l 5f^*r^ ungm, f. drowsiness, &c. (v.
" ungan). h.
^\ angu, in front, before, preceding, d.
\j\^\ W^^^JTJ angwara, the proprietor of a
small portion of a village ; mutual aid in tillage, h.
[JLf^'iS W^^ angot, f. appearance, person
(same as anget). h.
\^^)\ WliT angutha, m. thumb, angutha
dikhdna, an attitude used by women in blandishment,
as a token of prohibition, to brave, defy, &c. angutha
chumnd, to flatter, s, [the finger. *.
^.^'»jC3\ ^J7T3^ anguthi, f. a ring worn on
\^^^>\ W^^TS\ angochha, m. a cloth which
Hindus fasten round their waists when bathing, and
afterwards wipe themselves with; a towel, a hand-
kerchief, h.
>^i\ anguTy m. a grape; granulations in a
healing sore, angur bannd or hond, to become sound
and healthy (applied to a wound), p.
\^\ ^^tn angora^ m. a midge, a gnat. h.
jCiyCil anguri, of or belonging to the grape, jo.
«0j^^ ^TlftTn angauriya, m. a ploughman ;
also, allowing the use of a plough instead of paying
wages in money or kind. h.
»J^i\ anguza, m. assafoetida. p.
\X^^Ci\ W'li^ angaunga, perquisites from the
threshing-floor to the Brahman, GurQ, &c. h.
a^il an-gah (for ah-gah) then, at that time. p.
^:>\ Wtf^ an-agh, blameless, free from guilt, s.
''U^'\ anghar, stupid, ignorant, anghar-pan,
m. stupidity, d.
fX>\ ^ni^ «w^*> corporeal, bodily, s.
IxGI wf^tn angiya, f. m. bodice, stays. A.
\jjr.>\ ^tT^rr anugya, f. order, command, s.
eLaGi ^^ anget, f. appearance, person. ^.
jJulGI angeti, f. (v. ageti) a flower-pot. d.
je^JU^M VI ^'"a^ or ^S'rts^ angethi or angitht,
"t. a chafing-dish. h.
^Jii^^\ angekhtan (r. angez,) to excite* stif
up. p.
JjiOi angez, exciting ; (used in comp.) as
fitna-angez, strife-excittng. p.
UjxOl angezna, a. to suffer, to experience,
to bear, to excite, p. h.
jOJk^M SsIjiIcW^ anglkar, m. agreement, pro-
mise, acquiescence, avowal, reception, accepting,
agreeing to. angikar-lc, to accept, agree to. s.
O^CM '^jft^^ angikrit, agreed, promised.*.
^y>\ ^iftlQj anil, f. wind, breath, air. s.
(Jj^ 'SWtSJ anal, f. fire, a flame, a plant (^Plum-
bago zeylunica and rosed), s.
\^\ inna-ma, for, surely not, only. a.
l»3t ^fffipTT anima, m. a superhuman faculty ;
the subtle and invisible state, assumable by austere
devotion, s.
iil»3) ^^T^MnmacZ.m. madness, extravagances.
Itil^l ^^T^ unmada, mad, insane, s.
f»X^\ '5r*WT*T anuman, m. inference, logical
conclusion, reasoning, s.
(^^^ "<f»*iT«f unman, m. a measure of size or
quantity. «.
uiJi3L3T ^rR»nf»T«Ii anumanik, inferable, sub-
ject to inference, probable, specious. «.
CL^^ ^r^^fi( anumati, f. order or command,
consent, permission, s.
CL^^ "^^iPt^ unmatt\ mad, insane, crazy j
iWl 3'««l^ unmad, j drunk, lustful, furious;
salacious, unmattata, f. insanity, intoxication. 5.
Mj^^ V^RUa anumaran, m. dying with (a
husband), or following in death, applied to a Hindu
widow. *.
p^^\ TTW^ unmukh, looking upwards. ».
^y^\ wf^lR^anmil, discordant,heterogeneous.,j.
f^\ ^PinHH animan, m. the same as anima,
\3k^\ ^«i>1«11 anmana, thoughtful, agitated,
r^retting, sad, troubled in mind, sickly, dissatisfied, s,
c!->ll«3\ anmanat, doubt, perplexity, d.
\j\xj>\ anmanana, a. to perplex, d.
^}^\ ^n^jft^ an-mol, invaluable, beyond
price, t.
(jij^\ '5;^^ unmesh va. winking, twinkling
of the eyelids, s.
r*
( 73 )
-45'
(3>A«3i ^P^ an-nulf heterogeneous j dis-
cordant, s,
^J>^ ^n«T*T anan, m. face, visage, mouth, f.
order, a.
u3T ^T«n dnnd (for and), n. to come. s.
wl ^^ anwa, a. to bring, s.
\s>\ ^TSTT awna, a kind of male nurse, the nurse's
husband, h.
^jt»\jj\ ^rRTW anannds, m. a pine-apple, h.
^-aUJ\ ananndsi, made like a pine-apple. A.
'BH'il an-ant, adj. boundless, endless.
eternal, infinite ; m. a name of the serpent that sup-
ports the earth ; a name of the god Vishnu ; name of
several plants ; a cord with fourteen knots, which the
Hindus tie on their arm on the fourteenth day of
Bhddon, Shuklpaksh, which is sacred to Vishnu, and
called Anant Chaudas or Chaturdashl. anantatd, f.
eternity, anant-rdshi, f infinite quantity, anant-rup,
multiform, anant-vdt, m. rigidity or paralysis of the
muscles of the face and neck. s.
euJu3) ^SrfT'^ nn-antya, infinite, endless ; m. in-
finity, eternity, s.
li"^ 1 ^Trfp? dnand (or anand), m. pleasure,
delight ; ease, tranquillity, content ; Qod, Supreme
Spirit, dnand-may, blissful, s.
OtiJJl tn^f»^ dnandit, overjoyed, de-
lighted, s.
Oii^-lSi ^ftrfrS^W a-nindit, unreproachable. s,
\isSi\ ^T'tTf^ifT dnandatd, f. joy, delight, s.
i^i^\ SHM»<oh»t^ dnand-kand, source of joy;
an epithet of Krishna, t.
(_f 4iJ3 1 '5?IH'<(i dnandi, delighted, rejoiced, s.
(j<*l)l V(ti$| an-ansa, m. one who has no share ;
excluded from a share (of an inheritance) on account
of some legal flaw. «.
iZX^\ ^r^an-ang, m. (literally, bodiless), the
god Kama, the HindQ Cnpid. $.
fji\ 'isnjt anrii, a female nurse, h.
yl '^^dnm, m. the glutinous whitish matter
or mucus voided by people a£91cted with a tenesmus, s.
y I H^ anu or am, m. an atom ; adj.
atomic, minute. <.
)y \ ^^Ml onuwd, m. the place where men stand
■when throwing the boka, or water-bucket. A.
•^l^ti)' ^B^^T^ onuvdd, m. repetition; answer, s.
^Jli\^'i\ ^TT^n^ anuvddi, a defendant, oppo-
nent, s. [splendour, a.
j\^\ avn-dr (pi. ofjy), lights, rays of light,
L^JjIy^ ^fH^lftlT a-nivdrit, unchecked, un-
opposed. .V.
L»>^yl 'd^T^ anrvdsd, old, stale, seasoned ;
m. a handful of com or g^ass cut in reaping, h.
U**»ly\ SH«ira*11 anwdsnd, a. to season (a new
earthen vessel, by letting water remain in it some
time), to rinse, k.
c]t^\ anna* (pi. of ^y)/ sorts, kinds, varie-
ties ; adj. various, diverse, anwo* o aTcmni, all sorta
and kinds, a.
<--ijy\ "«l"t^i( anup, incomparable, best, rare;
m. a watery or moist soiL $.
^by) V!ft^m*T anupdn, m. a fluid vehicle
wherewith to swallow medicine, s.
C->y\ ^f/mr anvit, connected with, possessed
of, fraught with, t,
cL>y\ ^Tf^efT anwat, m. a ring furnished with
little balls, worn on the great toe. h.
\4jyl HiH^t anuthd, rare, wonderful, un-
common, n.
^^\>j>yl ^H<(4M an-avadhdn, careless, inat-
tentive ; also an-auadhanata, £ carelessness, inadver-
tence, indijOference. «.
.y\ anrvar, splendid, shining, resplendent, a,
(_5jy\ anmari, name of a Persian poet. p.
\4L*>y^ «ff<=«!>fl an-avasthd, unstable, un-
steady; incontinent; f. instability, absence of fixed
state; uncertainty; incontinence. «.
jM^\ ^r?R^R a-navasar, busy, having no
leisure ; inopportune ; m. want of leisure, unseason-
ableness. s.
^5 y 1 ^*f^^, '*!{ tftlslT anokhd or anaukhd, rare,
wonderful, uncommon (generally applied to man), h,
Jy 1 '^'^anwal,in. the after-birth,secundines.
aAwal-ndl, the navel-string of a new-bom infant, h.
^yT ^Ti^T^ dhmald, m. a fruit so called, a
kind of mjrobalans [PhyUauthus emblica). h.
jl«*>^y\ anoldsdr, m. a sort of brimstone so
called, s. [new-bom infant «.
JlJjyT dnmal-ndl, m. the navel-string of a
jjUy\ anumdn (v. anumdix), inference, logi-
cal conclusion, s.
Uyl "?|Tlt»Tr- a-nond, without salt. *.
aJT ana (v. and), the 16th pai-t of a rupee. A,
^\ '^^ unh and ^?^ inh, oblique plural forms
of the pronouns wuh and yih. (Vide Gram.) A.
^J^\ ^T^TI anvai, or anvaya, m. race, lineage )
interpretation; making out the natural order or con
nexion of poetical style. $.
^^^,y^ <eiv^it4|f anveshan, m. inquiry, re-
search, investigation. «. [tive. t.
jjji,y) ^H^ anvesht, searching, inquisi-
jl^\ unhdr (pi. ofj^), rivers, streamlets, a.
X^\ 7?fR unhdr, f. mode, appearance;
adj. like, similar, a.
^1^1 '3?5fTfT unhdn, m. bathing, washing, h.
\A^\ ^^T"5TT anhdndf a. to bathe, to wash, h,
C^\ ^«Tf^ an hit, unfriendly, hostile ; ho»-
tility. <.
^'
( 73 )
\J
jv^^ T'T^W^ unhattar, sixty-nine. k.
Ji\^\ inhidam, m. perdition, act of abolish-
ing, extermination, demolition, a.
MjJ>\ ^Ht^\K. an-ahankar, m. absence of
pride, humility, an-ahankari, humble. «.
UL^\ ^v^'MIHT anhwdna, a. to wash, to
bathe, to cause to be bathed or washed. *.
^^^T ' ^fi T ^f anihaun, aor. first pers. sing, of
anna, to bring (obsolete form), k.
\^^\ ^Tf^tr^K an-honhdr, hopeless, unpro-
mising, improbable. A.
\3j^\ ^5i;^t*n an-hona, impossible, not to be. h.
^}\ ^ftlT, ^nftir ani, dni, m. f., or^Ilftam, f. the
"point of a spear, or of an arrow, the stem or prow of
a boat, &c. 5.
^\ ^r^ annt, f. a nurse or female attendant
■■ on a child, h.
j-jIjo1 WXfTCt a-7iyd,e or a-nydya,m. injustice,
"outrage; a complaint of injustice, s. [lawless, s.
t/Ui\ ^;«lixf) a-nydyiy unjust, unequitable,
\jij^-jjl WTO%T anya-purvd, f. a woman who
has been previously married, s.
Cajo\ ^snftfir a-niti, f. injustice, impropriety,
rudeness, impolicy, unmannerliness. (.
JuJi ^ntni anyatra, elsewhere, s.
\^Ju3\ ^sr^xfj anyatha, otherwise, in a different
manner ; inaccurately ; a4j. contrary. «.
liijj^ Tfft^ umda, unshut (eye), sleepless;
expanded (as a flower). «.
jo\ anyar, very bright, most luminous, a.
fj**j3\ T«ft^ uniSf nineteen, h.
/ti*ji>) ants or ams-jtiRs, m. a companion, a.
^^mJoI anmin, m. aniseed. ^.
(.iXjo\ ^ Vf cli an-ek, much, many, abundant.
aneh-dhar, multiform, anek-rup, multiform, of various
kinds, of variable mind, anek-kal, adv. a long time.
anek gotrd, one who is a member of more than one
gotra, or family, anek-vidh, various, of many kinds,
in different ways. *.
ji5ok3l ^nftfoR»ft anlkint, f. an army ; a cer-
tain force, one tenth of an akshauhini. t.
y^ool ^n?pft^ anya-gotra, of another race or
lineage, s.
euSl ^saj anya, other, different, anya-janam,
ra. another birth, regeneration, anya-manas, fickle,
versatile. «.
auj^l <<!i>4^r(4 anyonya, reciprocal, mutual, s.
jLjJl ^HMK dneydr, m. the time allotted
for agricultural labour in the hot season, from sun-
rise till noon. t.
j\ au, conj. and (more com. awr). h.
•\ (in Pers. and Dakh.) third pron. he,
she, it ; the vocative inteij. O I
J W^ ava, a Sanskrit prefix denoting nega-
tion, disrespect, or dispersion ; from, down from, off. *.
Ij 1 ^T^ cimd, m. a potter's kiln ; a furnace, h.
j^\jT ^"RTlft dwdti, f. the coming of an army,
"the approach of a friend ; the season in which mer^
chandize is expected to arrive ; advance ; rumour, ti-
dings, h.
(JW\^I 'STT^lWr^ awa-jd,i, f. coming and
going, intercourse, dancing attendance upon one. h.
»A»-L\ ^TT^ a-vdchya, dumb, speechless, s.
jA^\ awdkhir (pi. of ji-T), extremes, ends;
the last ten days of a lunar month, a.
^jblj\ awdddn (see abddan), dwelling, &c. d.
j_^b\j^ arvadam (v. j_y^«i^^) d, [crop. A.
j^jl T^TC uwdr, ploughing up a standing
j\j\ ^^R arvdr^ f delay ; injustice,tyranny. s.p.
&>j|j\ awdrija,
«a«-jijl awdrija
m. a diary, a rough note-
_ book or account-book. p.
^liJ>-JlJl dwdrcha, )
^JJ^^ dwdragl, f. vagrancy, profligacy, p.
8,\jT dwdra, vagabond, wanderer, dwdra-h.,
n. to wander, to be distressed, to be oppressed, to be
miserable, awdra-k., a. to harass, to expel, p.
jljT dwdz, f. sound, voice, report, fame, echo,
a whisper, sentence, dwdz-uthdnd, to raise the voice,
to spread a report, dwdz' par kan rakhnd, to hear,
to listen, dwdz paj-nd, to be reported, dwdz haithna,
to be suppressed (the voice) from hoarseness or
otherwise, dwdz-baithd, hoarse, p.
\j\j\ dwdzd, \ m. report, fame, rumour; con-
Sj^jT dwdzaj versation, loud talking, p.
^^\jl ^T«rRt dwds, m. a house, a habitation, s.
Ixm]j\ awdsit (pi. of k*»>j^), middles, the pe-
riod of a lunar month between the tenth and twentietU.
days. a. [ley (t. supl. Gloss). A.
^>*»\j\ <4IHI^^ awdsl, unripe corn, chiefly bar-
i^\^ ^SCX^TW^ dwdgaman,\m. covam^ and
jjj^^jT ^RTJT^»T drodgavan, J going, trans-
migration, s.
Jljl ^srm"^ arvdl, m. an inclosed space formed
by a cluster of peasants' houses, h.
f,\j\ dmdm, m. loan, debt ; colour, p.
^j\^ dwdn (pi. of jjT), times, seasons, a.
j^^jT 'Wl^Tltf drvdhan, m. calling, summons,
a respectful invitation. «.
^J\J\ ^RT^ awd,i, f. approach, advance; a
"saddlecloth adorned with fringes, &c.; a kind of
pickaxe, h.
drcd^, \ f rumour, mention,
dmdti, J tidings, report, h.
M
C 74 )
^y
Jj^jl ana,il (pi. of Jj^), m. commence-
ments, &c. ; the first ten days of a lunar month, which,
consisting of thirty days nearly, is divided into three
decades, Ist. awa.ll, 2nd. awasit, and 3rd. awa]chir. a,
(^^j\ aubash, m. a rake, a dissolute fellow ;
a mixed crowd of all nations and all sorts of people,
but especially of the meanest ; the mob, the canaille.
aubdsh-h., to become depraved or dissolute, aubdshdna,
like a rake, dissolute, p.
j^i»bji aubashi, m. rakishness, dissoluteness,
"attending at games and spectacles, p.
ljjbj\ ubdlnd, a. same as lj3b\ ubdlnd. d.
'-iL'^j^ "^mz or SHi«(i ubat, aubat, impassable,
steep, inaccessible, s.
^j\ ubalnd, same as Ub\ ubalnd. d.
*4^j\ ^W ubh, m. oppressive heat, languor
brought on by the effect of heat. h.
euu>-l^.\ ^f^irnir a-vibhajya (in law lan-
guage), indivisible (as property, etc.). ».
cL*^j\ ^t»T7 aiibhat, steep, impassable, s.
Cl-A^^jT ^wfli dwbhakt, 1 f. a civil re-
or drvbhakti, I ception or
«-l*^^jT ''ST^HJliI or ^nfeWTrfrf J salutation,
arvbhagat or awhhagati, J welcome,
courteousness, h.
U^j» '^iHfTT ubhnd, n. to be agitated or op-
pressed with heat ; to be angry or dissatisfied, h.
«^j\ ^fl op, f. ornament, beauty, elegance,
grace, brightness, polish, h. [upafna). d.
ujbj\ upatnd, n. to exceed, &c. (same as UjbJ
ljdtfj\ vpajna, n. to grow, &c. (v. Ujje^I
upajnd). d.
,c.^j\ '«ni4"«fl opcJii, m. an armed man, armed
"with weapons; a man armed in mail. opchi-M^na, a
guardhouse or post of armed men. h.
j>.y '3f^n upar, above, on, up, upon, upwards,
over, outside, past, top. upar-se, from above, tiifan
upar se chald gayd, the storm has passed over. s.
yji.^^ uparld, upper, superficial ; m. the sur-
face or outside, t. [strange. ».
(j^j\ ?R^ upari, upper or external; foreign,
(Oji isKnn a,ut or WH ut, m. one who dies
without leaving issue ; an unmarried man ; (in HindQ
phraseology) a stupid person, a blockhead, h.
Ojl ^tii ot, overplus, surplus ; abatement;
convalesence, recovering from sickness, h.
^j\ "gnn "i ^^in utd or otd, so much, that
much. h.
*il5j\ awtad (pi. of f^^), pegs, props ; met.
chiefs, nobles (being the props of the state), a
j\i)j^ utavy m. (for utdi") descent, reduction
in price ; ebb tide, or low water.
yoy ^^iTR or WrtK avatar or autdr, iii.
birth, descent; incarnation of the deity (the Hindus
reckon the following ten of the god Vishnu: — 1st.
matsya, a fish ; 2nd. kachchhapa, a tortoise ; 3rd. vardha,
a boar; Ith. nri-singha, a man-lion; 5th. vdmana, a
dwarf; 6th. parashurdma ; Ith.rdma; 8th. balardma ;
9th. buddha; 10th. kalkl): a pious or distinguished
person in the language of flattery is also called an
avatar, or incarnation of the deity ; a tirth, or sacred
place ; translation ; crossing, s,
i*\y^y utaran, m. stripping off, act of dis-
mounting, d.
Uj\5ji utdrnd, a. same as lj.\!>\ utdrnd. d.
(Jj\!>j\ utdwal, m. same as ^j\3\ q. v. d.
Ua3j15j\ utdwal-pand, m. haste, urgency, d.
j>j\ utar, m. an answer (v. uttar). d.
U,!>j^ ^r^iR«n or ^Iriiff avatarna or autarna,
n. to descend, especially as an incarnation of the
deity, s.
b3j\ uta7'na, n. same as I3j3\ utamd. d.
(3jl '«lNf(l dwail, f. approach, advance, the
season in which merchandise is expected, h.
(-iL*>ji -^HrMoh otsuk, "1 m. anxiety, per-
sjXi^j] ^rH4>l autsukya, J turbation, re-
gret ; eagerness, impatience, s. [or many. h.
(-ibj^ ^ftroit oi- ^iiifrt eh otik or utik, that much,
(,_>jjXJj^ '<ef|i«(i^ autkarsh, m. excellence, s.
U5j\ <ftH*iT or ^ftTPTT utnd or otnd, that much
or many. h.
i^^\ Wt7 ot, f. protection, shade, shelter,
partition, screen. o/-Ar., to conceal, to screen, of-h., to
be concealed. ».
Ujt ^tZlota, m. a partition-wall, or screen, h.
Uuj^ autdnd, a. to make hot, cause to boil. d.
\jJ!>\h{JL>j\ <*7M<SIS* ut-patwig, poor, helpless,
destitute, h.
"speaks inconsiderately, without preparation.
i.L^xocL>j^ jMM<!^ ut-pafang, m. absurdity,
nonsense, what is witliout meaning or foundation ; adj.
poor, helpless, destitute, in disorder, uf-pafangi, the
same as ut-patdngt. h.
(Vj^ ^trf autan, boiling, evaporation by
boiling ; m. a knife used for cutting tobacco, h.
Uojl WtT«n otnd, a. to defend, screen, shelter;
to thrumb, to separate the seed from cotton ; to catcb
as a ball. h.
Ujj^ ^2*11 autnd, n. to boil (as milk), to
evaporate over fire ; to consume with rage or vexa-
tion ; a. to burn, to parch, or dry. h.
^j\ ^tZ 0th, m. the lip. i.
Ul^'j^ uthdnd, a. same as ^\^\ vthdnd. d,
Ul^ju V^j', "TOTi^TTrrr uthd-bithand, a. to ex-
cite, to stir up, to urge. h.
\JS^y\^^\ <*lil^*lUT uthd,i-gtrd, m. a kind
of robber, who plunders by day; they are commonly
ibllowers of an army (same as ufhd,i-gird, q. y.). k.
ut-patdngt, one who
h.
^j\ (
U^jl uthna, m. same as U^'\ uthna. d.
— .j) aujj m. height, summit, the top ; dignity,
preferment, promotion, auj ifalak, the zenith of the
sky. a. p.
UyWjl ujdrna, same as ^"W) ujarna. d.
JU-ji ujal, "1 (for JWI ujal, &c.) bright,
^Wj' ujala,) luminous, d,
I3j>-j\ ujarna, n. (v. ^j»-t ujarna), to be
desolated. <2.
^j-a-j^ ^^3l4f ojas, m. light, splendour; mani-
festation ; strength, vitality (especially in the foetus), s.
,J>-j\ ojal (v. ojhaV), privacy, shelter, &c. h.
,Jj>j\ ujal,\ (for Mjj'aZ and ujla), clear, bright,
^^j\ ujla,} pure, &g. rf.
Ul>j^ ujalna (for ujalna), to shine, &c. </.
-^J' ^Jfi^q;^, m. entrails, stomach, guts. h.
l^ji WtVRJ ojha, m. a diviner, a wizard, a
magician (probably from examining the entrails of a
victim like the Roman " aruspex"). A.
j^j^ ''ft*!!:^ or '^l^ ojhar or aujkar,f. thrust,
push ; in Dakh. ujkar denotes awkward, clumsy, h.
(34?^)' ^^'^ ojhal, f. privacy, retirement ;
adj. private, hid. ojhal-k., to conceal, screen. ojhcU-h.,
to be concealed, h.
j^y ^rf^T^R a-vichar, m. want of judgment
or consideration, injustice, t,
Ojl^-ji ^f^^rftlT a-vicharit, ill-judged, not
investigated, unconsidered. «.
<-^ V J ^f^^T'9' a-vichari, m. 1 destitute of
fjj^j \ ^f^^rftTtlft a-vicharinx, f. J conside-
" ration, unjust, s.
tiL*5«-j^ '^'(^[Z auchat, 1 suddenly, unexpect-
tiis^ji ^^olT auchakfj edly. k.
y^f-^^ "^f^^r^ a-vichal, motionless, unmoved,
firm. s.
0^^^^ ^^ auchh, m. name of a root from
which an orange colour is extracted {Morinda eitri'
folia), h.
l4>-j^ ^ftStT ochha, adj. light, of little conse-
quence; mean, base or low-born; absurd, trifling;
fruitless, ochhd hona, n. to want, h,
UlV^s-j^ uchhalna, a. same as UJl^\ uch-
halnd, q. v. d.
cL*^j^ uchhat, retirement, retreat, d.
Ul^*-jl uchhalna, n. (for Ui^*-^ uchhalna,
q.v.). d.
j^^l^ji grg^ToS^^ uchhalm, f. the multiplica-
"tion table, h.
iJji ^ ud, m. an otter, s.
75 ) jj\
\dj\ ^^ oda, wet, moist, damp. h.
bjl-gj^ uda, m. brown, of a brown colour, h.
C^hj\ ^t^ auddt, white, white colour, s.
aJjbjl ^^m auddrya, m. munificence, li-
berality, s. [liness. s.
*-**»bj\ ^h(TW auddsya, m. solitude, lone-
^Ji^\ ^t^R auddn, m. gratis, what is given
over and above, or without purchase ; to boot. s.
tiLJfcliijl ^^J^ uddkatA f. brownness of co-
(^bjl gr^T^ udd,i, J lour. h.
j^4ij\ ^^F^ ^'R ud-Uld,o, m. an otter, s.
(jtSjl 'sft^^ odan, m. boiled rice. s.
t3tijl ^^oc?a?a, f. a ^\sLni{SidacordifoUa),s.
JtiSjl ^RV amadh, f. the name of ayodhyd,
vulg. Oude. auadA or avadhi, agreement, promise,
time, boundary, s.
^dj\ ^rafV avadhi, m. limit, term, period ;
(used adverbially in comp.), as fisir as, as long as. «.
^tijl^rafV avdhi (forabdhi),m. the ocean, s.
.U&«ij\ udhdr, m. (same as udhdr) debt &c. d.
^^\j&ti.\ '5l'^>n«T avadhdn, cautious, attentive ;
m. caution, attention. *.
J&iij) "^j^I^ udhar, thither, thitherwards, on
the other side. h.
^(5)1 gWRM£//«am, m. noisej impudence; re-
bellion, disturbance, uproar, h.
^^d»\ giy*ftMi/iflmi, making noise; impu-
"dent ; rebellious, h.
Jbiij I gr>ft udho, the name of a friend and
companion of Krishna. *.
0*4>tJjl ^^ViT avadhut, m. a kind of reli-
gious mendicant, t.
O^JfciSj^ "SRVTr avadhut or audhut, large,
gigantic ; finghtful as to form. s.
^lJjI ^ftv odhe, adj. possessing a right or
"title to ; m. a proprietor, supreme ruler. *.
IJ>J6J^] udhernd (same aa udherna q. v.). d.
&JkJ&<ijl^^^a-va(i%a,notfittobeslaughtered.s.
(^lijl ^ffra^ dyodt, name of a tribe of jdts. h.
l)i,i ^fcO a-vidyd, f. ignorance, s.
ȣp^ ^^^^ avadich, the name of a tribe of
Gujerati Brafamans. *.
[j^>,^^^ audes,^ m. a strange or foieign
\t*»^^\ audesd, >■ country, audesi, a stranger,
ji*i*tijl audesa,} a foreigner, s.
\X^iSj\ audhangd, improper, out of place, d.
j^\ ^tn.or, f. origin, boundary, limit; way,
side (ward), us or, that way. or nibahna, to be coa»
staut to, to protect (for ever), h.
J3
( 76 )
j**»j\
jy W[l.aur, conj. and, also, but; adj. more,
other; aur ek, another, eeparate, distinct, else, aur
nahiA to, and (if) not then, and in that case then.
aur hi, quite different, extraordinary, h.
jj\ awar, in compos, bearing, having; as,
zor-awar, powerful, having force, p.
^\y aurad (pi. of ^jj), daily lessons (of the
Kur,an), commemorations, devotional exercises, a,
^j)jj^ aurak (pi. of ^jj); leaves of a tree
or book, a,
j'^^jT ^rrfWTcf avirbha,o, m. a developing,
manifestation, becoming visible. ».
C^^j^\ ^f^HiT avirbhut, unfolded, mani-
fested, appeared, s.
Oj J I ^r|W avrit, enclosed, surrounded, s.
Ojjl Wl^'^avritti,f. order, method; a re-
petition of the same thing, a resolution, t.
i^jj\ drvarja, v. *?^ijT a day-book, Scc.p.
i»i^ jl vtiq^T awar da, f. the allotted period of
one's life-time. s.
jjtijjl awardan (v.ar or awar), to bring, to
relate or record, p.
Uijjl awarda, that which is brought or
carried, awarda-nawis, m. a 'writer or registrar of
accounts as delivered, p.
^lijjl gilf urdh or urddh, superior, above.
urdh-bahu, with arms aloft (a posture ofjogis), i,
^.x^ijj] "^i^Til^ urddh-pund, a perpendicular
Hue delineated on the forehead by the vaishnavas or
worshippers of Vishnu, s.
uli^Ji^iSjj^ ^l^^f^oii" aurdh-dehik, obse-
quies; whatever is given ot performed in remem-
brance of the dead. s.
Ui^ Jfciijjl ^ilCilT urddh-reta, a kind of ascetic
or risht, one who lives in perpetual chastity, a.
jj«jL«i»(ijj\ '^^;^Rl^^urdh-sans,xxi. a gasp, deep
inspiration. «.
0**jjl ^^^ auras, a legitimate child, i.e. by
a wife of the same tribe. «.
O^^^ Ly*j3^ auras chauras, all around;
breadth and length ; m. neighbourhood, d.
v«j j^ VsTlt,*!! orma, m. the name of a particular
kind of sewing, stitching together two breadths, h.
i^j^ 1 ^J^JMavaran, m. a shield, a covering, s.
tlX>;ji aurang, m. a throne; places where
'goods are manufactured for sale. p.
c-OJ ti^jl Aurang-zeh,n?Lme of one of the
Mogul emperors, who died A.D. 1707. p.
«-5^-J^~^J awran^-^eftt, m. a kind of cloth
"ao called, p,
^^I^l1X>jj\ aurang-shahi, m. a kind of silk
so called, p. [fire. «.
ijjijjj) W^T«T^ aUfj'vanalj m. submarine
-^'ijjj^ ^^rdv avarodh, m. the seraglio of
a palace, the queen's apartment; a place, a coveringi
hindrance, obstruction. *.
^lijjj \ ^fcll^v a-virodh, absence of contention,
quietness, avirodhi, m. avirodhini, t quiet, tranqufl. *.
(^jy ^t5d ort, a protector, partial ; f. the
eaves of a house ; bank of a pond or rivulet to the
water's edge. k.
\j'j\ ^sh^ or a, m. a basket, pannier, h.
i^jj^ ^sTliH oran, m. a shield, target, h.
v3)*jl orna, a to ward off a blow : it is also
used for ofhria, to put on dress, &c. d.
Uj'jl urna, n. (same as \3j'l urria) to fly, &c. d.
j3j^l oriu f. (v. orhnT), a veil, &c. d.
Ujbj'jl <^d*fl orhna, a. to put on (dress) ; m.
sheet, cloak, or mantle, h.
ic^j'j^ "^tpft orhni, f. a smaller sheet; a
veil or woman's cloak, h.
{J J 3^ ^^1^ ";Ori, f. a kind of basket (used
in a sugar-mill. h.
\y^^Jj i^ ufi-marna, to dive, to plunge, d.
jijji auzar (pi. of .Jj), m. the rigging and
implements of a ship or boat; asylums; loads;
weapons, tools, apparatus, a.
(jlj J I auzan (pi. of ^oj j )> weigh ts,measure8.a.
(^jl Wt^ OS, f. dew. OS par janl, to fall in
value, to be less iti demand than formerly. fi«, old
form of the oblique pron. us, him, her, &c. h,
»jU*»j\ «iara, m. gamboge. The nameseemsto
be a corruption of the Arabic or Persian name 'ufara,»
rdwand (Extract of rhubarb), which this gum, from its
yellow colour, was supposed to be. — (Binning.) h.
^l**»j\ ^^T*T ausdn, m. sensation, sense ;
courage ; presence of mind. h.
^l*«jij\ W^WPT avasan, m. the end; conclu-
sion ; completion ; death ; boundary, limit, t.
^lSji<„j**^ ^sft^^ os-barg, m. the name of
a medicine, h.
»5\ju*>j\ usidd, preceptor, master (v. ustad). p.
\liiuM5l ^4<!Hril a-vastutd, f. insubstantiality,
unreality, s.
\ajumj1 ^RWT ava-sthd, f. state, condition
(frequently used in an unfavourable sense) ; any par-
ticular state varying with the progress of time, as
youth, age, &c. a'.
^4L*>j^ 'BRW^ arvasthi, one of the subdi
"vision of Kanaujiya BrShmans. ». ([heedless, h,
^^ ^W^ ausuch, without consideration,
j**)j\ ^ra^aT or 'H^HT. avasar or atwar, m.
time, leisure, occasion, vacation, opportunity. 1.
vM»j' ^^ osar, f. a beifer. h.
J-»
( 77 )
^,\
«M>j^ usar (same as ushar, q. v.), barren
(land), s.
j***y '^^TT os7'a, m. turn, vicissitude, osra-
osrl, by turns, alternately, h.
^f**y usaralU, f. a chameleon, d.
1xm>ji ausat, middle, intervening; m. the
middle, medium, interval ; mediocrity, moderation, a,
^^i*j»y ausati, midmost,iniddling, moderate.a.
lju*»jl ^fra»n ausna, n. to become musty, to
rot, to putrify. k. [him, her, &c. d.
^-»j\ use (old form of the ace. pron. use),
J^j^ ^^K miser, m. anxiety, solicitude, h.
L«jLa>j\ '^fl^lfiT osisa, m. the head of a bed ;
a pillow, a cushion, h.
;jij\ ^Jt^ osh, f. dew (same as os). h.
(^j^^r^a-vflsyi,subjecttoanother,helpless.s.
(^jl ^f^^ a-vish, anti-venomous, not poi-
sonous, s. [the son of Kama-deva. s.
wi)ji g(^TM,s"Aa,nameof the wifeof Aniruddha,
iJLJ*>j\ "Wrf^ avisht, possessed (by a demon
8ec.), engrossed (by a feeling), s.
,^xi»j! ^lt¥ oshth, m. the lip, especially the
upper, oshth-rog, m. a morbid aflfection of the lips. «.
jc^^jOS*.) ^hw\ oshtKi, f. a creeper bearing a
"red flower, to which the lip is compared (hryonia gran-
dis, or momordka monodelpha). $.
^txijl WW aushadh (also aukkadh), f. me-
dicine, drug, herb, mineral, cure, remedj, physic, an-
tidote, s.
j^^ijjjj^ *"^Mfty, ^^f^, or ^jft^ift oshadhi,
"aushadhi, or ansjiadht (also aukfyidht), f. an annual plant
or deciduous herb, aushadhiya, medicinal, an ingre-
dient of a medicine ; materia medica. s.
jM)jl gRTC ushar, barren (land), a spot with
saline soil,
fi'--* *'j^ ^tjf^ff avashisht, left, remaining, s.
t*J^j\ <Amil ushan, m. black pepper, s.
(^jti\^^\ ^f^T^T?? a-vishwas, m. distrust, un-
belief suspicion, a-vishwdsl, m. a-vishwasin, a-vishwd-
tint, f. distrustful, unbelieving, t.
(jjjuitj I ^^^N avashesh, m. residue, remnant,
surplus, a-vishesh, ra. a want of distinction; adj. in-
discriminate, s.
«.i)uyi»jt ^U^^V^ avashyak,'] necessary, indis-
&jk^j1 W^[^ a-vashya, > pensable, inevi-
uiJuuSjjl tJ^^ilcF a-vashyah,] table, actual ;
certainly, necessarily, absolutely, positively, really.
avasjfyakta or dvashyakta, necessity. *.
i\tO^\ aumf (pi. of I OxDj), praises, com-
mendations, endowments, ausaf-i ^amlda, noble pro-
perties, praiseworthy qualifications, a.
jk^j\ ausiya (pi. of j^j), preceptors, guar-
dians, executors, administrators, a.
pl/Ojl auza' (pi. of «-Oj), breeding, behaviour,
politeness, address, manners, &c. a.
UPji oghra, m. a kind of dish, flummery, a
kind of sick-man's gruel, vulgarly called "conji". p.
C^^jl aiekat (pi. of C*5j), times, circum-
stances. auJfdt-ba-sart, f. pastime, amusement, employ-
ment, aukdt-ha-sar or -ha-sarijc,, to spend one's time. a.
<JIi*v>ji ukiyat, f. an oimce of silver, or a
silver coin of that weight, value between six and seven
shillings, a,
uiJjl Wcr«irawflA,m. insurance or assurance. A.
tw[^l ^ftoir ok,m. a house, a dwelling; an
asylum, a refuge ; sickness at the stomach, inclination
to vomit ; a draught of water from the hollow of the
hand. h.
<-dJj\ grar uk, f error, slip, mistake, h.
(j^OjI ^qohi^f ava-kdsh, m. leisure, opportu-
nity, interval, space, s,
JOjl 'eTjofticiJ aukal, 'I untimely, out of sea-
Joj^ *Mt"<*lciJl aukali,) son ; a child born
"before its time (properly ava-kal, &c.). ».
^jOj I W<f^T«T dfOkdn or avakdrit straw and
grain heaped up. h,
CLiSj\ ukat (same as ukt or MAto),8peech,&c.ii.
^jSj\ aukal, restless, uneasy, aukal-behal,
very restless, d.
Uij\ ^ftoRtn ohnd, or "gtoSifT uknd, n. to vomit, h,
^j\ '^mm uknd, n. to miss, to err, to trip,
to mistake, h. [^cinarum). s.
>^j\ "^S^ ukh, f. sugar-cane (Saccharum qffj-
I3j'\.^jl ukharnd, a. (for l^'^^I ukhdrnd), to
root up. Sec d. [canes. *.
(jf^'l^j^ "^n^T^ ukhdri, f. a field of sugar-
Jl^j\ ukhdl, m. an emetic, ukhdl-julldb,
cholera morbus, d,
\ji\^j\ ukhdlnd, a. (for ukhdlna), to vomit, d.
Jc>S^j\ aukhadh, f. (for aMs/ia<i/i), medicine.*.
^\j^j\ "^PSTnT ukh-rdj, the day on which the
planting of the sugar-cane commences, generally at-
tended with some festive ceremonies, h.
^J^ijt ^^^155 a,oklial or dvakhal, land re-
claimed from waste, h.
jj-^^jl 'Wt^cS'^ okhli, f. a wooden mortar, s.
^ijk$^\ ^^oF^ avakeshi, barren, s.
slijl ^ttT^ augdh, deep, unfathomable, s.
slijl 'SPTTTT? avagdh, \m. bathing, ab-
^^l^j! ^s{'n^«l avagdhan,} lution. s.
CL/ij\ ^RTH avagat, known, understood.
avagati, f. knowledge, s,
J>^ ogar, 1 m. a kind of pottage or gruel (cor-
\^^\ogrd,) ruption of o^ra, q. v.). d.
^jl
( 78 )
I
^j\ W^i\isj avagun or ^^TCH augun, m.
blemisli, vice, defect, demerit, worthlessness. s,
'.jij\ iigna, n. (for ugna), to grow, sprout
up, &c. d. [position, s.
^ijl ^^intft augutii, vicious, of a bad dis-
i^j\ ^t^ ogh, m. multitude, aggregate, col-
lection. *.
d:.*^Sj \ W^T (iughat, steep, inaccessible, h.
'j^y aughar, awkward, unpleasant, in-
discreet, d.
fSj] Wl'rt augi, f. a whip like a waggoner's,
"in length about seven cubits, used in training horses ;
an ornamental edging of superior country shoes (pe-
culiar to Delhi), h. [regard, s.
Ijojl '^'^^ avagya, f. contempt, despite, dis-
d*JOj\ ^cfftiT avagli, detested, reproached,
wicked, vile ; m. reproach, blame, s.
Jj! awwal, first, best, principal; (for aula)
proper, fit ; m. beginning ; adv. at first, a.
Jjl ^TIqS ol, m. name of a vegetable, of which
the root is eaten (.(^r!i7» campanulatum, Roxh.'); a host-
age or personal security for a debt. h.
^j^ %ri^l ola, m. hail; the name of a sweet-
meat, ola hojand, to become cold. joA sir munddya tofy
ole pare, I liad no sooner got my head shaved, than a
shower of hail came on (spoken of one who has just
engaged in an enterprise which turns out unfortu-
nate), h.
^j\ awZa (for aw/q) better, preferable, awwa-
lan, in the first place, firstly, a.
(i^j\ aulad, f (pi. of tiJj), children, descen-
dants, progeny, offspring, a.
\ja^j' a,olaniya, a tribe of jats so called, h.
i^j\ W^cjJifl oltl, f. (v. ort), the eaves of a
- house, h.
Ualj\ ulatna I for ulatna, 1
Ia^j^ ulathnaj and ulatknd,)
^jy^«ji w^rapr aulachhan, of evil omen, un-
fortunate ; m. a bad omen. s.
ll^ji vlachhna (for ulachhna). d.
^^iLiCJjl 'W^^rajTff avalakshan, 'I of inauspi-
^^j^j\ ^^^R aulakhan, j ciousorevil
omen ; m. a bad omen. t.
u5-?^'iJj^ Wt^joirttsft ol-kobi, f. the vegetable
"commonly called knolcole. i.
u-»J^jl ^RqS^ avalamb, m. asylum, protec-
tion ; adj. depending, hanging down. #. [genoe. «.
t»^jJj^ 'Sftlc^y a-vilamb, m. quickness, dili-
iJ1ajj3j^ wfiJcJjfSfr a-vilambit, quick, expedi-
tious, ava-lamhit, alighting, descending; protected,
cherished, s.
Gi^i5j\ ulindna, n. (for ulindna),Xo be poured
out, &c. d.
J.^ '9555 «^"» \f* ^ ^Jn<^ of grass used in
Ujl <)i(44iT uluyO,,} thatching {Saccharum
cylindricum). h.
q.v.
4^
jlji ulu, prefixed to an Arabic noun denotes
possessed of, endowed with, a, [seen. «.
CL^yij\ TH^cjJ^lfcfc'if avalokitf^Jain saint ; adj.
CiT^J^ ^'*c*l<*»T avalohan, ra. view, sight,
inspection, s.
y3 ^^^ytcfTT avalohna, a. to see, to look. s.
ily 'MNqSI avail, or 'dJNf^ avail (vulg. auli),
" f. a row ; a line ; a series, a lineage. S.oll, £ mode of
estimating the produce of land. *.
Ujl aiila, better, best, most proper, ulq, the
first, &c. (fem. oi awwal). a,
jjji «/i, possessed of, endowed with, uli-l-
"ajni^a, winged animals, ull-l'ilm, possessed of science.
uli-l-absar, wise, prudent, uli-razm, resolute, a,
(Jjl ullif f. a chisel, a carpenter's tool. d.
^j! oil, m. (same as ol), personal security,
"hostage, h.
^.1 a,ole, m. twins, (also a,ole-ja,ole). d.
(Jj ! ^TR^ a,oti, f. a mode of est i mating crops,
■■ the produce of one biswd is measured, thence the rest
inferred, h.
Ia5j\ auliya (pi. of ^j), friends, companions
(particularly of the prophets); the apostles, the saints,
the holy, aulipd-i-alldh, Mends of God; in law it
signifies the next of kin, or other person entitled to
exact retaliation (v. wait), a.
CloJj^ ammaUyat, f. priority, pre-eminence,
excellence, superiority, a.
j?uJj\ aM/a-<ar, better, best. a. p.
^jWjJjl aule cha,ole, a twin, twins, d.
^^J\ awwalin (pi.), the first, former, ancient.
awwalin SWifrin. the ancients and the modems, a.
^j\ WtT om, the mystic name of the Deity
prefacing all the prayers and most of the writings of
the Hindus: it is said to imply the Indian Triad
or Trinity, Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva, s.
ftj\ W?R avam, low, vile, inferior, s.
(ji*(ej\ umas, m. (for umas), resolution, &c. d.
UiiJu«j\ umandna, m. (for umandna), to be
proud, &C. d.
i^j\ "3!!^ umt, f. an ear of corn (half ripe), h.
^^^\ '^aDT or "gnr un, f. wool, gadar am un hah
baithi chare kapds, " I bought the sheep for (furnish-
ing) wool, and she is eating up the cotton" (spoken of
any thing done by way of economy which turns out in
the end very expensive). *.
^^^1 un (for ^ un), oblique pi. of ruu/t, he,&c. d.
^^^ ^R una, less, defective, minus ; prefixed
to a Sanskrit numeral it denotes "one less:" thoi.
&na-trinshat, one less thirty, twenty-nine. So fiiia-
trinshatam, the twenty-ninth ; hence the modern forms
in HindflstanI, untU, twenty-nine; unchalis, thirty-
nine, &c. s.
^.T a,on, m. faeculent matter, mucus, d.
Mj' ^n^f dwan, m. coming, approach, ar-
rivaL «.
tti^T ( 79
UJ" jj.l ^rR*T ^rR«T awan-awan, f. tidings
of arrival, s.
[come. *.
U .1 ^rR«n amana (old form of ana), n. to
liji ^nrr wna, m. a kind of sword, a scimitar, a
knife, &c., worn down by grinding, h.
(jil3,\^fe|»|l5| a-vinash, exception from loss,
safety, a-vinashi, safe, entire, free from loss, ever-
lasting, s,
\x6j^ ^^^frl'alil avantika,\f. the name of a city,
^jl ^4a) avanti, J Ujjain, anciently
Ujjayini. s.
(j-jubjl units, Dakhanifor unii^, twenty-nine.
cLo.^ ■gRT lint, m. a camel; Dakh. ont (for
Ao«/A), the lip. h.
jU> ciOjl "^ cFTTO unt-kata7'a, m. name of
a thistle of which camels are fond {Eschinops echina-
tus, Roxb.). h.
Ujbji auntna, n. (same as autna), to boil. h.
(Xjbji ^inl untni, f. a female camel. ^.
,^jl ^ftr owi^, m. the lip (com. honth). s.
i^y^j^ ■^snft Mw^an or unjarl, f. a small heap
of corn set apart (by Musalmans) in harvest-time in
the name of some saint, h.
j^j I '^ unch,
l^ji "^^ uncha,
high, tall, lofty, steep.
loud, unch-ntch, ups and
downs, inequality ; vicissitudes in fortune, &c. uncha
hoi bolna, to speak with pride, uncha sunnd, to be hard
of hearing, uncha-kdni, f. deafness, utiche bol kd
munh ntchd, the proud ones are degraded, t.
elevation,height,
eminence, exal-
tation, tallness,
steepness, s.
\j»*^^ unchas (for unchas), forty-nine. d.
(^jt»\J^j I ■^I'^fTO unchas, f.
jjljij^ ^■MH unchdn, m.
^li ji '3RTW uncha,o, m.
i,jL*St)\:f.t\^-A\^iuhchahat,f.
^jij^ "^^RT^ uncha ^f f.
(«»jJU!ji unchdtis (for unchaUs), thirty-
nine. J.
u\j2jl 4i-<IRT unchana, a. to raise, elevate, s.
ii3jl arincZ or dwand, m. a pan, a vessel, p.
tSijI ^A("J a-vindu, without point or dot. s.
Jftiijji '^V ondh, m. the cord with which
rafters or frames for thatching on are pulled into their
place, and festened till the roof is finished, h.
Ifciijj^ ^fVT aundhd or WtVf ondhd, upside
down, overturned, aundhd-bakht, m. misfortune, ad-
verse fortune, aundhi-peshdnl, short-sighted, unfor-
tunate, aundhd lepnd, n. to lie on one's face. h.
Uljbjjj) ^\|l<11 aundhdnd, a. to turn upside
down, to reverse, to overturn, to spill, h.
) ^y
ljj&t>.ij\ ^^^RT aundhnd, n. to lower (as the
sky. h.
Itijjjl •^S\ aundd, or "?ft^ ondd, deep. h.
UkbjOjl Mn£?eZna,a.(for undelnd),to pour out.c?.
^{J>j\ unsdth,\ .
,. . , , h(ior unsath), fifty-nme. d,
^^ju-^jl unsath, J ^ ■ j' j
y*^^\ unsau, one less a hundred, ninety-nine. d.
jOJji ^ftfflX onhdr, m. the mysterious syllable
om. s. [son.)
jJJ5jI awingilU, a mode of torture, (v. Wil-
UJL>j1 ungnd, n. (for unghnd^j to doze. d.
,4xJj\ "^ ungh, f. nodding, sleepiness, h.
(^j*»l^Oj" <ft^lU unghds, "\ f. drowsiness, nod-
^l^>Oj\ ^Ml^ unghd,t, J ding, sleepiness,
drooping (especially from opinm). h.
l^xjj 1 ^ItjfTT unghnd, n. to nod from sleepi-
ness, to doze, to droop, h.
jJojl ^t'ft aungl, f. silence, dumbness. A.
^j' ^^T aunld, d,onld, or d,onla, m.
(same as dmla), the emblic myrobalan {phyllanthiu
emblica). aunld-sar, m. a sort of brimstone.
^»»-^.i aunld-jaunld, a twin, twins, a.
^^jl wnan (same as ^^^\ unhon), those,
them (also unu and unoA). <f.
^^yjT ^n^^a^anaww, n. (Braj.) to come. h.
JC^jl unhattar (for unhattar), sixty-nine. cZ.
jj^jl mwAmw, an interjection, denoting re-
fusal or negation, d.
(jj^j\ "^1^* unhln (for n>o«A5»), exactly in
that manner, even so. A.
^.1 <iil!fl or '^ffft Mwi, woollen, made of wool. *.
^jl w-we (same as ^^^ us-ne), he, by
"him. Sec. d. [want of submission. $.
ijl ^fr^ni a-f iway, m. pertness, wantonness,
^y.j3j\ '^^mT'^ aune-paune, partially,
"more or less ; on occasion, h,
jl^jT ^NW^K dwanehdr, 1 the future,
l.ljb ^j I ^TR^^TTT dwane-hdrd, J that which
is aBout to come. ».
0«j3j1 snTmhIh a-vinit, misbehaving, acting
improperly, a-viriitd, f. an unchaste woman. ».
4^iiljj! ^Sf^^n^ a-vivddi, not disputatious. «.
tjLbjj\ "3rf%^ a-vivek, m. want of discrimi-
nation, indiscretion, avivekatd, f. indiscreetness, incon-
siderateness. aviveAri, indiscreet, inconsiderate. «.
^jl
( 80 )
^j\ "91^ uk, m. reasoning, logic. «.
Sjl ama, m. a brick-kiln j a forge, p.
^j) ^S^r^ oho, interj. heigho ! alas ! A.
,^j\ ^ u,l, interj. Oh! oh fye! h.
Ll*^bji ^nsnfTI a-vyapti, f. the not diflFiising
itself; not pervading, s, [posed, s.
jj^bjl ^nm«ir^ a-vyakul, calm, firm, com-
r>p^^\ awehhtan (r. awez), to hang by, to
cling to, to be suspended, p.
aJi^jT awehJitaj suspended, pendulous, p.
yjl '3T%T awer or aver (for a-her), delay,
lateness, &c. *.
\j^\ ^ToftTT a-vira, f. a childless widow, s.
\>,j\ arvez or amezan (in comp.) suspending,
adhering, awez-k., a. to hang, to suspend, p.
ij}.^ dmeza, m. an ear-ring, drops or pendants
worn in the ears as ornaments, p.
JoJSj^jl ameza-hand, an ear-ring. p.
c1a^»1 ^*mk a-vyahta, adj. indistinct, un-
apparent, invisible ; m. the Supreme Being, or Uni-
versal Spirit ; the soul, nature, temperament. *.
l,^Jk*A»»,>«l ^eqci^l a-vyavastha, irregular, s.
(Jl.A^A**»y.j\ ^^^Oivjri a-vyavasthit, not regu-
lated, undisciplined, not put in order, s.
^*\ ^"TT a-vyaya, m. an indeclinable word,
"a particle ; a name of Vishnu ; adj. economical, parsi-
monious, s.
»T ahy f. sigh ; interj. alas ! ah bharna, a.
to sigh. a/ijjan-A:aft, a heartrending sigh, ahi jigar-
soz, a heartburning sigh, ahi-sard, a cold or sorrow-
ful sigh, ak-khainchni, t. heaving a sigh. p.
i\ uh, interj. Oh ! ah ! hah ! p.
Jfcl ^?f^ ahi, m. a serpent, a snake, s,
>\ ^^ ih (for yih), this, ih-kal, m. this life.
ih-lok, the present world, iht, this very, ihi-than,
here, in this very place, h,
^\ ^nf^ ahi (Braj.), is, exists, h.
Utl ^n^T aha, alas! woe's me! bravo! well
done ! d.
\it>\ '^^TC nha7', in. a covering, a cover of a
litter or palkl for women, h
\lb\ ^j^TC ahdr, m. starch, glue, paste, h,
\lb\ 'WT^K ahar (vulg. ahaf), m. aliment,
food, victuals, s,
JiUi ^TfK»TT aharna, a. to paste, to starch, h.
^\ib\ ahali (pi. of Jjb\), inhabitants, common
people, ahallmawall, the people at large, rich and
poor. a.
j^lj&l m^ ahan, interj. do not, no, nay. h.
(JL^\ib\ ihanat, f. contempt, disdain, enmity,
a£fVont, insult, a.
Ublfclfcl NHi^l^l^T ahahaha, interj. used in
praise ; also expressive of surprise, pain, or plea-
sure, s.
j^ljJ&I ^T^M ahhan, m. a call, imitation, sum-
mons. s. [venom of a snake. <.
(jj^J&l ^jf^f? ahi-phen, ra. the saliva or
CL*>i 'afj^rf a-hif, an un-friend, enemy ; en-
mity, want of affection; adj. hostile, prejudiciaL
ahit-kdri, inimical, acting unkindly, ahit-tnanu, ini-
mical, hating, s.
C^it 1 ^T?ff ahut and ^ngfiT ahuti, m. offering,
oblations with fire to the deities ; a bumt-offering. «.
\sxs>\ ihtidd, being directed in the right way
(spiritually), a.
i*L*jj&* ihtimdm, f. diligence, solicitude,
anxiety, care; inspection, superintendence; a sab-
division of a province, a.
•ji45^l*JKjb\ ihtimam-dar, m. a superintendant
of the revenues. Sec. of an ihtimam or district, a. p.
«\^jj&^ ihtimamtf m. a curator or manager, a.
cL*Jbl W!^<J dhat, f. sound, noise, clack, h.
Jb\ ^?T ahar, name of a tribe of rdj-puts. h.
Jb] ^?t: ahar, |^a small pond, a salt-pit,
ij:M ^r^rt dharifj a drain, a trough foi
watering cattle. *.
JftU-Jbl ^ST^Tirn^ dhar-jaharf f. coming
and going, h. [ful. *,
lL*^S*^\ "^Tf f^ a-harshit, unhappy, sorrow-
^J^jS'>\ ahrimdn, m. the spirit or principle of
evil (among the fire worshippers), p.
IJJfcl ^^<til uharnd, n. to subside (a swelling
or inundation, h.
^jSJy&l ^"^fSlfjI ahar-nishi, day and night. «.
iJb\ "»!J"^^: flAra, m. a reservoir for collecting
rain-water to water the fields ; fuel made of cow-
dung, s.
iSj^^ ^3"?Tft ahrt, f. a small pond (v. ahar). h,
t,"MrP>\ dhistagi (or dhastagt), f. slowness,
** delay ; gentleness, softness, ji.
ajL-Jbl dhista (or dhasta), gently, slowly;
softly, tenderly, ahuta^aw, slow paced, p.
^*MfrT dhiste (vulg. dste), gently, slowly,
easily, p.
udjbT dhak, m. quicklime, cement, plaster:
it also denotes an abwab, or cess open lime, aliakt
tqfta, quicklime, p.
^\
( 81 )
b3
Jj6\ ahl, m. people, master; (in comp.) at-
tached to, possessed of, &c., as ahl ullah, people of God,
dervises, faMrs. alili ijtihad, qualified jurists, ahli
khirad, people of wisdom, ahli bait, family (i.e. wife
and children), but generally means the family- of the
Prophet, ahli hikuk, possessed of rights, or of just
claims, ahli-dil, dervises, liberal, brave, generous.
ahli-zauTc, addicted to pleasure, a voluptuary, ahli
rozgar, skilful, knowing the world, ahli zamdn, time-
servers, ahli zamin, an inhabitant of the earth, ahli
zuhd, pious, devout, ahli sunnat, the followers of the
traditional as well as the written law : the Sunni sect
in opposition to that of the Shl'as. ahli shar', a legis-
lator, a lawyer, one who obeys and observes the law
of the Prophet, ahli safd, possessor of purity ; a sufi;
a voluptuary, ahli shinakht, men of intelligence, ahli
ta'at, faithful, obedient to God. ahli tabJca, one who
does not observe the precepts of Muhammad, ahli
tarlJc, an observer of the laws of Muhammad, ahli
Sarf, noble, ahli 'irfdn, learned, ahli 'aJcl, wise, ahli
'ilm, scientific, ahli fazl, virtuous, ahli kdr, a work-
man, a clerk, ahli kitdb, a learned man ; a person of
any religion revealed and contained in books (the
Musulmans allow that the Jews and Christians are
ahli kitdb, whereas the Hindus are considered as ido-
laters), ahli karam, liberal, generous, ahli majlis,
an assistant, a member of (genteel) society, a courtier.
ahli-masarif, a proprietor, ahli-via'dsh, the holder of
a rent-free tenure, ahli ma'rifat, possessed of the
knowledge of God. ahli mansab, a. minister, a person
in ofllce. ahli nasrat, colleagues, coadjutors, ahli
■nifak, infidels, enemies. There is no limit to com-
pounds of this sort : two more I may here add — ahli
saif, a military man ; ahli Jcalam, a civilian, a.
f^St)} ^T^^ ahal, m. freshness of soil. h.
^ifcl ^^^ ahld or ihla, m. inundation, de-
luge, flood, overflow, h. [festivity, s.
«i^T 'SngT^ ahlad, in. joy, gladness, mirth,
0:>!iJj6T ^rr^^ akladit, joyful, glad, merry.
cil^\ ihlaky m. destroying, ruining, a.
y^\ ^n^^ ahlo, inundation, flood, &c. h.
uLJJjs^ ^^^^ ihalokyin. this present world, s.
\Ase>\ aJiliya^ f. a wife. 8ara,e ahliya, the wo-
men's apartments, hence " seraglio."
Ulj&l '«{^(«m ahalya, wife of Gotam, and
daughter of Brahma : one of the Apsaras. h.
C.*jdft>^ ahltyat, f. worth, worthiness, excel-
lence ; possession, a. [tant business, a.
jjti\ ahamm, important, ahammi har, impor-
J^\ W^ aham, pron. I. ahavi-mati, spiritual
' ignorance ; conceit, self-love. s.
Jl»J&\ ihmal, m. 1 negligence, indolence, in-
^Ufi*^ ihmati, f.J attention, delay, care-
" lessness. a.
^1 W5 ahan, don't, not, no, nay. h.
^J&T ahan, m. iron, ahan-ruha, m. a load-
stone, ahan-gar, an ironsmith or blacksmith, ahan-
gart, the trade of an ironsmith. p.
L«jj&\ ^f^'^T a-hinsa, f. harmlessness. s.
'JSJu-Jjsl ^f^^^ a-hinsaky harmless, inno-
cuous, s.
LiX^\ ^"f^^op ahnik, m. the constant or daily
ceremonies of religion, daily work ; adj. daily, diurnal.
Shniki, adj. of or belonging to a day. s.
jOJ^I ^^^^^lT.ahanka7', m. egotism, arrogance,
haughtiness, pride, s.
i^oJ^l ^^fjT^ aha7ikari,^ haughty, arro-
C^Sjjb\ W^Wtf akankrit, J gant, proud,
an egotist, s.
^^jSib] ahang, m. design, purpose; sound,
melody ; one of the Persian tunes or modulations in
music, p.
^^Jm ahanl, ^madeofiron. dhamn-panja,
/jjjuj&l dhamn,) iron-handed or iron-fisted,
strong, powerful, p.
ybt dhu, m. a deer; a vice, defect, fault, ahu-
bara, m. a fawn, ahu-chashm, having eyes like those
of a deer, ahu-gtr, a deer catcher. ahU'gin, the act
of catching deer, p,
y^l ^^ aho, interj. O! holla! sign of the
vocative, wonderful! ft.
j^\j^\w^\JT^ aho-rdtra, adv.day and night, s.
^^^1 'WR^TT dhwdn, m. summons, respectful
invitation, s.
^\ ^ ahe, interj. O ! sign of the vocative, s.
^\'^;^ihi (for ?/?7tt), this very, uhii^f or wuh't),
"that very. h. [tive. t
ui3jkj;fc^ ^?Tro|i a-hctvJt, careless, without mo-
Ijuifct "^f^Zl "lutd or uhita, a person appointed
to watch the grain when ripe, and see that the dues
are paid ere it be removed, h,
*i)\ ^^k. ahir, m. a particular caste in India,
whose business is to attend on cows ; a cowherd. For
a full account of this tribe v. Wilson's Glossary, s,
j<j&] ^'SI^ aher, f. prey, game, hunting, aherut
f. a plant {Asparagus racemosus)- ft.
^^1 'W^tr^ fl^iraw, 'j f. a woman of the
^^jjb\ '^(^TJ^ aklrni, ■ caste of ahirs; a
L^Jt^^ ^^^ flAiri, J cowherd's wife. h.
(^jJi>\ ^^tS aheri, "1 m. a sportsman, a
bjO>l va^Ct*!! akeriyd,) hunter, a fowler, h.
ij\ ai, interj. O ! the vocative particle, p.
^J\ ^ e, interj. 01 a respectful particle of
address, s.
t/ 1 WT^ d,i, f. coming, arrival, s.
l/T 'irTO dyu, f age. b'm-d,e mama is a phrase
apparently connected with ayu : it signifies, " to die
before one's allotted time," or " in spite of fate." s.
\SJ dyd, an interrogative particlcj whether or
not ? interj. ho ! hark you ! p.
bT^n^ai/a,f. female attendant on children, h.
ObJ dt/dt (pi. of cloj), signs, marks;
sentences of the kur,an, a.
jb\ aiydz, name of a favourite slave in the
household of Ma^miid of Ghazni. t.
G
( 82 )
>1
Qj*»\j»| 15(1^19 ayas, m. fatigue, weariness, s.
cbl ayagh, m. a cup, a drinking vessel, p.
jbl ayal (for yal), f. a horse's mane, the
lock between a horse's ears, p, h
l!1a5V)i iyalat, f. dominion, government, a.
^bl aiyam (pi. of ^yj, days, times; season,
weather, a.
j_^b) aiyavii, durable, for a length of time. a.
Ubi ^niTTT a-yana, ignorant; m. a fool. a.
uoj iha, making a sign with the finger for any
one to approach (Jmd denotes a similar sign to signify
departure.) a.
t.-.okC'bj^ Ihaghaih, 1
■ "' \ "\ .,- , .,_ I suddenly, unexpect-
^^\x>\ aiha-ghathi, /-,,„, ,
- • . , .,_,., edJy, all at once. a.
^joPjjJi aibu-gliathu,}
CL*^J ^nnT ayut, ten thousand, a myriad, s.
C^>\ ^srnnT ayat, long, large, wide ; m. the
sunshine, sunbeam, s.
Co.! ^iraW ayatta, docile, tractable, ayat-
tata, f. docility, tractableness. s.
cHoJ ayatff. a sign, mark; a sentence of the
jMr,an, contained between (signs) semicolons, or stops
nearly equivalent thereto, dyat-i mutldk, a stop (in
gram.), only used in the ^r,an, nearly equal to a
comma, a.
^} WWl eta or ^1(\ ita, so much, this much
(Dakh. now, at present), a.
jjU^3 ital (for ital), now, at present, d.
bjl^j FTTRiTT eta,ota, on this account, for
this reason. *. [only this. «.
J)\^j[l>\ ^nmw*^m etdrvan-viatra, thus much,
^jSl>\ <iH<'^ etad-arth, therefore, on that
account. ». [acting aflRectedly, h.
J>>} %J(t. itar (v. itrana), affectation ; iidj,
ulilL>3 ^fiiT«l« etik, this much or many. h.
(_»J>iyj itilaf, m. familiarity, friendship, so-
ciety, connection, company, correspondence, a.
jjl>\ etam, m. a large lever for raising water,
commonly called a pasotta. d.
uli)l <!ilHI etna or i^wa, so much. h.
jlybj ViT^TC etroar (v. itwar), ra. Sunday. «.
(CjiyO^ aircart, m. a man confined for debt,
who avails himself of the Christian sabbath for ap-
pearing abroad. *.
cJ*" ^L^' ' «><-'<i-y)a,e<i, low down. d.
ciLo.l t_<, f. (same as int), a brick, s.
boJij aitna, n. to be pulled, dragged. «?.
,^\ ^t//i,reverenced,de3ired,&c.(v.tsA<a). s.
1>\ Itt, f. a spear or lance ; the cat in boy's
"play. ifl-dSndS, the ball and crooked stick in the
game of chaugan. d.
jOi ism; presenting, offering, a.
L-^lasjl ijab, m. rendering necessary ; (in
logic) affirmation (opposite to privation) ; (in Musal
man law) the first proposal made by one of the parties
in negotiating or concluding a bargain, a.
ly^^iljad, m. invention ; invented, ijad-k., a.
to invent, a.
J'^' V^z, abridging, curtailing, epitomizing
(a book, &c.). a.
JbJJJ WT^ ayudh, m. a weapon in general, s.
{j^j<^} ^^ tdrish, thus, such, like this. s.
j^i^\ ^UT idhar (v. idhar), here, hither, s.
'iWj Iza, f. pain, trouble, vexation, distress, -
affliction. Izd-dih or tza-rasdn, one who gives annoy-
ance, &c. ; a regular bore. a.
<— -jI^.^ erahy m. the keel of a ship or boat. d.
ji:^}ji} ^nR^ erapher, m. \ exchange, inter-
ing attendance, h.
iJji:^}yi}' ^TJ^^ erapheri, f.J change; danc-
n.U
,f.J
i\j>} trad, f. citing, adducing, bringing (a
charge), irdd-k. to impute blame, o.
^j^l^j Iran, Persia. Iran wa iuran, Persia and
Tartary, or Persia and Transoxiana. a,
j3Jj^J h-arii, of or relating to Persia ; a Per-
sian ; a man of the Shi'a sect. p.
C^j\j>\ VTXmX airavat, the name of Indra's
chief elephant, a.
tij|;?J ^TJTift airavatl, f. the Mavi river in
the Panjab. *.
J^J SH I ^^tj i dt/urbal,\
, T 1 , I f« affe, lifetime. *.
\i>j>\ ^mfl dyurda, J
l^i^.l f^^T Irkha, 1 f. emulation, envy, spite.
1<^1 ^^ irshd, j irshalu, envious, s.
3Jjj ^1^ crand, m. or erandi, f. the castor-
oil plant {Palma Christi or Ricinus communis), t.
ijj>\ ^xt eri, interj. O I a vocative particie
for females, h.
iJj^.kJj^} crz-phe7'i, f.exchange,barter,&c.A.
jA WS er or ed, f. striking with the heel,
spurring, a sort of spur, &c. for urging on a horse.
effnania, to spur. h.
ovjij i;^«lil erha, a large he-goat trained for
fighting ; a kind of fireworks. A.
Jj^y ^THlf ^Tgfy* ra. a medicinal plant used
for the cure of ring- worms, t.
^JJi] V^ ert, f. the heel, eri dekho (look
at your heel) look at home, a phrase used to obviate
the efffect of an evil eye. h.
i\i} tzid, God. izidi, divine, any thing be-
stowed for the love of God, p.
(j**?L
( 83 )
uUo
Jol
(j«jj ^TET Ja, \ God, a lord, master, su-
' tsh,J
^Jl>3 fl^T tshj preme ; a name of Shiva, s.
(j-^.l ^Itm ayasu, m. command, order, h.
i^ju^\ WVim ay us, f. age, lifetime, s.
\^\ ^Td aisa, like this, after this manner,
sometimes joined to other words, as mard-aisd, like a
man ; aisa taisa or aisa tuaisa, so so, indifferent, in-
differently, h.
,jl-*»^J ^WT ^san or tskdn, a name of Shiva.
isan-kon, the north-east, h,
U*«Ji3 ^^nn tsitd, f. lordship, supremacy, s.
j_|5ljL*)J tstadagi, f. erection, stability, jp.
^^sULy-jij tstadan (r. is<), to stand, to be erect ;
to stay. p. [raise up. p.
SiilJLoj tstada, erected, set up. tstdda-k., to
i^^y isal, m. a winged white ant. d.
y»*>,\ ^H^m dyasu, m. order, command, h.
i^y**>\ V^' aison, this year. k.
j-*4\ ^^ aise, \ adv. thus ; m. this man-
^^^^i***>\ ^ aisen,) ner. h.
Lioj t^ 2s/ta> f" the beam or pole of a plough, s.
(j\J^\ eshdn (pi. of o), they, those, p.
^J^\ ^1^«T tshdn, m. a name of Shiva ^
light, splendour, tshan kon, m, north-east. <.
•^■'■A fWiT wAa^, adv. a little, somewhat, s.
ULijij ^r^rrtl tshitd, f. 1 supremacy, one
i^^} ^f^!^ tshitwa, W.J of the eight at-
tributes of God. *.
^^-lji3^T;rs/iWflr,m. ruler, lord; God; a name
oi Shiva, of Kam-dev, of Darga, Lakshmi, Saraswati, or
any other of the Saktis or female energies of the
deities. Ishwar-ddhin, subject to God. tshwarddhtnatd,
subjection to God. Ishwar-drddhnd, f. worship of
God. Ishwar-hhdo, m. the divine nature, s.
^jyLi] ^HKril ishrvarata, f divine nature ;
divinity, the godhead, s,
jj .^iL>3 ^tgdl ahhwarya, m. grandeur, pomp,
state, supremacy, sway ; the divine faculties of omni-
presence, omnipotence, invisibility, &c. s.
ua>3 aizan, even, also; again; the same;
likewise, moreover, a.
lflj\ ifd, m. performing a promise, paying,
satisfying, tfd-k., to make good. a.
Ldbl ek, one; frequently used like the article
a or an, with us, as ek mard, a man, &c. ; it is also
used in forming compound adjectives in imitation of
the Persian, as ek-dil or ek-chit, of one mind, deter-
mined, resolute, ek-zabdn, of one speech, or of the
same mind or sentiments, ek-se din na rahne, is ap-
plied to a change of condition, most commonly from
good to evil, but sometimes the reverse, ek kl das
suTiuni, to reply ten (words) for one (spoken of one who
replies in many words, especially in giving abuse), ek
muth, (Dakh.) agreeing, unanimous, ek is frequently
united with the following word in writing, as ekdin or
ekroz, one day. ekdam, in one instant, ek dd, or ek-
ddh, one half, some few. ek bar, once upon a time.
ek-bdrgi, ekd ek, or ekd eki, all at once, suddenly, ek
da.it or ek kalam or ek-ldkht, altogether, entirely, ut-
terly, ek na ek, either, one or other, ek digar, one
another. *.
(^iOJ.i Voh^^f ekddash, eleven, s.
j^^iK^J ^^^^ ekddasht, f. the eleventh day
" of the lunar fortnight, s,
j^^^I^ii^Sjl ^^ITTftltrflT ekddhipati, m. sole and
"absolute monarch, aikddhipatya, m. absolute sove-
reignty, s.
^0 00,1 ^chlohR ekdkdr, alike, uniform, s.
f^JiS^} ^oST'Fj ekdksh, one-eyed, blind of one
eye ; m. a crow. *.
fS^^} '?«liI<*T ekdkl, solitary, alone, s.
jS ooj ^oRT^ ekdgra, intent, fixed on one ob-
ject, undisturbed, ekdgrata, f. close attention, s.
iJlOOJ'j ^'sfiiwr ehdnt, aside, apart, alone, so
litary, uninhabited, s.
yojj ekdnam or ekdnaurve (for ikdnawe),
ninety-one. d.
jjjOJ.1 elidwan (for ikdwan), fifty-one. d.
Ciiifcoo.^ ^oRffcir aikdhik, quotidian, s.
{j^} F3FT^ ekd,i, f. unanimity, unity; so-
litude, loneliness, s.
^S^, ^^\ ^^:WW^^ ekd-ekz, all at once. s.
^^^^-^y^\ ^<^m^ ek-hdchhz, distribution of
any tax or cess levied upon all lands at an equal rate. h.
C^*5^4a5o3 ^chH^ii ek-bhakt, worshipping one
deity, ek-bhakti, of one faith, believing in one deity. $.
(^JaSo3 l^ehMrr^ ek-patnl, f. a faithful wife,
" one devoted to her husband, s.
(jii.SaSoJ iJoF^niJ ek-paksha, m. an associate, a
firm ally. s.
lIaSoJ ^R^ a-yukt or a-yuhta, unfit, im-
proper; m. violence, oppression, s.
Uioj ^oRjTT ehtd, f. unity, union, equality, s.
JUio! ^foFTTTI^ eh-tdl, m. harmony, unison,
adjustment of song, dance and music, s.
jj«*a5\jSoJ ektdlis (for iktdlis), forty-one. d.
^iJkSoJ ^cFTn»T ek-tdn, closely attentive, in-
tent on one object; m. musical unison, s.
Ji^} iT^K^ekatr or ekatra, together, in one
place, s.
UJkSoj flW^l ekatrd, "1 m. a sum total; in-
iJiSo\ ^oR^ ekatra, J terest of one percent
per month ; adv. together, in one place. «.
jy>.\^>\ ^' ^ Jt U ^ l . ehatrd-jwdr, m. a tertian
ague or fever. «.
g2
ex>i
l^ISoj l^ohVji ehatha or e/<</m, 1 together,
cA^/m or ehattha, J
TO
gather, to collect, s.
V^iSoJ V^^fiZ], 1J«I!JT 6'Mm or ehattha, J collected ;
m. a small boat, rowed hy one oar. ehtiia-k., a. to
ciixioi ^ofiToR c'k-tak, m. a fixed look, stare, s.
iJL^sf^- TJ^f^W ek-chitt, intent on, absorbed
in one thing; of one mind, agreeing, s.
)j5oJ ^^^T ekadd, once, once upon a time. s.
ij^j<^} ll^fi^ eh-drish, one-eyed. &.
,^$Cyo ^i Ci3o3 ^:^W^'W^ ek-dukh-sv.hhf sym-
pathizing, sharing joy and sorrow, s.
^i)jio\ T^'SfiXff^ ek-rdshi, f. a heap, a crowd, s.
4_JU^3 ^ah^T? ek-rup, like, similar, «.
l»..So3 V<*m ehsd, 1
jLJo! ^cIiUR eksdr, > similar, identical, h.
^U-SoJ r<*«f»T eksdn,}
^ JlSoJ SEr^f^ncm ek-skaran, one only refuge,
applied to a deity. «.
JwSioJ ^«li^lO< ek-sharlr, of one body or
blood, s. [eye.
1 ivS(4l| tkshan, m. sight, seeing; the
t^4>^flSo3 ek-fardl, "1 land producing only one
loiioj ek-fasll, J crop annually, jo.
uilSol ^«*oF e/tafe,! ,
. . , , >■ alone, solitary, s.
J53l ^^^ eAaZ J
jKioj ^ciichicj} ek-kdl, m. one or the same
time, ek-kaltn, coeval, simultaneous, contemporary, s.
jt^^-oi-ib.i l^oh'II^ eh-gdchhi, f. a canoe
hollowed out of one single truuk of a tree. s.
^Jif^J>^i^^ ^cF^rffrm ek-grdmin, of the same
town or village. *. [preceptor. *.
jjjJLibj ^«^5^ ek-guru, a pupil of the same
U^bol ^ctn^ffTe^-ZaMia, only-begotten (son).s.
^yoj ??*1^1 ehotrd, a sum total, h.
^^J^\ VSfm^ ehvarva, of one caste, of one
colour ; m. an unknown quantity (in algebraV s.
jj^yoj ^cii^^ff f. ek-varni, beatinjj; time by
*" clapping the hands, an instrument which beats time,
a Castanet, s.
yft^^J ^oirf^ ekavimha, the twenty-first, s.
C.A.1'>^^3 (i^lR^lffl e/iavm.sAa<t,twenty-one..?.
r^\ iiJS ikh, f. sugar cane (same as uk?i).
According to the author of the Araishi Mafffil, the
word is pronounced ikh in the province of Dihli, and
ukh in that of Oude, Lakhnau, &c. s.
sioj ai-ki, alas that, pity that. p.
^j^} ^^niT ikh-7'aj, the day on which the
planting of the sugar-cane commences, generally
attended with festive ceremonies, h.
84 ; ^j^4
jm^} ekhattar (for ihhattar), seventy-one. d.
u^xjj ekhattd (for ehatha), collected, in one
place, &c. d.
l;^} F^TfTT ehahrd, single, solitary, alone. $.
^^\Sj\ ehedsi (for ihdsT), eighty-one. d.
^^y u^j ekednarve (forikdna7ve),mnetj-one.d.
(^juj\>\ ekis (for ikis), twenty-one. d.
ijtXxyJy 5^^ ekaik, singly, one by one. s,
>Ji>^.i eheld (for akeld or ikeld), alone, soli-
tary, d.
*:t*^.' ^^ aikya, m. oneness, sameness; an
aggregate, a total, s.
(i^^.^ "^^^ atgun, m. unskilfulness, stupidity, s.
Jjl iyi/al, uyyal and ayyul, a deer, hart,
wild goat of the mountains, a.
jjji el, f. a gold or silver bracelet worn by
males only. d.
>>.i 5P^ eld, f. small cardamums, the seeds of
Electeria cardamomum or Alpinia cardamomum. s.
yj\ lid (lit.) swearing ; in law, a vow to
abstain from having carnal knowledge of a wife for
four months, the fulfilment of which is equivalent to
a divorce, a.
j^J aildr or j'^jj aildr, on this side. d.
tc^"^ elchi, ra. an ambassador, agent, at-
"tomey, envoy, elc^i-pana, m. or elcht garj, f. office
or dignity of amba*!8ador, ambassadorship, agency.
elchl-gari-k., a. to act the ambassador, &c. ; to act for
another. /.
•Ubi tlghdi' or elghdr (for ilghdr q.v.), the
forced march of an army through a country, t.
^y^p^Aa'(lfail,m.3hn%ive\Q.x\gndi^e,ohsc(imiy.d.
A>\ elam or ilam, m. an auction or public sale.
elam-ddlnd, to sell by auction, d.
\^\ ^cjJMI elwd, m. aloes. A.
Lbl ilyd, Elias or Eli ; Jerusalem, a.
eJ^3j_i^.^ ell-eldlldk (for Id ildha illd-alldh\
there'is but one God. d.
.^yA^\ ailewdr or ailewar, on this side. d.
\^\ Imd, m. sign, nod, wink (indicating de-
parture); emblem, symptom, a.
^V^.\ tm.dn, ni. faith, belief, conscience, reli-
gion, tman-dar, faithful, true, imandart, f. fidelity,
truth, iman-lana, to believe, iman-h., to be on oath, a,
^V^.\ imdnt, faithful, of the (Musalman)
*' faith, a.
i^) ^H^ aimli, name of a tribe or caste. /*.
...
^»f^^} ^•T eman, m. a musical mode. s.
^^} aiman, more or most happy, fortunate, a.
i^\ emin (for amm),secure,8afe,void of care. p.
^j^\ aimawi or emwt,f. security, protection, a.
f
(
e^3 aima (for a,imma, pi. of j«U), Imams,
Saints), m. land given as a reward or^ favour by the
king, at a very low rent, a fief (when no rent is paid,
it is called Id-hharaj); a grant of land, &c., to the
people who attend at the tomb of a saint, aima-dar,
one who holds aima land, a feoffee, aima mauza', a
village given as a charitable endowment to learned or
religious persons, a.
(j^} in (Pers.), this, these, ain (Arab.),
where ? in (Dakh.), shewing, or exhibiting the teeth.
•-ii-o^.' f*3 int, f. a brick. Int-garl, brickwork.
int-wdld, a brickmaker s.
^JWJ I ^JT nintd, m. a snail, h.
uubl frnn Intdyd, m. a kind of dove. h.
i^j6-JJ^l\ ^ZWt^ tnt-kdri, f. brickwork, h.
^^^JuJi aintan, m. the strings or bands of a
spinning wheel, d.
^^^3 "V'^Ht aintna, n. to twist, to writhe, to
be racked with spasms ; to walk or move stiflEly. A.
^^ib' aintni, f. pride, peevishness, d.
jxxi\ aintu, proud, peevish ; stately, aintu-
pana, stateliness. d.
^i^aJl)) ^ ainth, f. a coil, twist, convolution,
tightening ; strut. InOi (Dakh.) for mt, q. v.
Ul^ibj ainthdnd, a. to twist, &o. (in a tran-
sitive sense), h.
U^ibJ VZ^ainthndyZ.io tighten ; n. to writhe,
to cramp, to twist ; to strut, to stalk, to walk aflectedl7.A.
xS\ ^ ainch (also inch and ainchu), m. re-
^ serve, security, attraction. a<ncA-Ma<ncA,quarrelling./^.
U^-i "^'SHTT ainchnd (or Inchna), a. to draw,
to attract, to pull. h.
L^^st-jSiA ^»^Mir^'«h aindra-jdlik, m. a jug-
gler, a magician ; adj . of or relating to magic, illusory .A.
jjiia^j ^t indur, m. (also indur), a rat ; a
mouse, h.
8tXJo,l dyanda, in future, futurity, p.
SjJjjUiiJo^t dyanda-ravanda (pi. di/anda-ra-
wandagan), one who is passing to and fro. p.
(^iXJoj ^Hr indhan, m. firewood, s. [about, h.
lijJM ^?!3in aindnd, n. to strut, to stalk
^yfc Joo^ f^T^ indhu,d, m. a roll or round fold
on which a burden is carried on the head ; a pad on
the top of the head for supporting a water-jar. h.
i-dJuo3 inak, lo! behold! there for you. p.
Xx>} ^nr mgur, m. red lead, minium, p.
yo\ inv or ino, this, these, d.
y>\ 15^ eva, even so, verily, indeed, s.
y>\ wni dyu, also dyu, f. age, lifetime, s.
^}y>) ^^W> aimdra, m. a cow-shed (in a
jungle), h.
^^\^} airvdn, m. a hall, a gallery, a portico,
applied generally to a royal palace, p.
\jJC'i^y>\ SHiflwiT ayodhyd, f. the name of the
country and city of which Rama was sovereign ; the
preient kingdom of Oude. s
85 ) ^
L? 'J L?) a/- /ya,i,1 in terj. alas! alas! woe ia
5ij(_$') ai-rcdh, J me ! p.
^^ aiyuh, m. the patriarch Job. a.
Jjjyl ^J^ dyurhalAt age, lifetime, du
lil^y t 'Km^T dyurdd, J ration of life. s.
j^\ l?^'5 cnmr, m. a flock of goats, h.
ej^^\ "W^hjTJ a-yogya, unfit, improper, a.
^JOk^yj ^4^'1(TT a-yogyatd, f. want of fitness.*,
wj ^^ evam, thus, so, even so. s.
ajj W^^ dya, ra. receipt, gain, profit. /*.
JO 1 dya (v. dyat), a verse of the hur,dn. a.
r^\ ^ ih (for yiK), this, he, she, it. h.
M^^.' ^i^ ihdil (for yahdn), here, in this
place, h. [sent world ; worldly, mimdane. s,
(■dA^,\^ ^f^oR aihik, of this place; of this pre-
\juot ^'pfhTT dyltd, prepared, ready. *.
^jXi\ d,in, m. regulation, law, rules (common
law ; the laws delivered by Muhiammad are called sliar',
those established by princes a,in) ; institute, custom,
manner, p. [ferior. d.
^ijjob (j'^j^' d,lnii-pd,tnii, low, under, in-
^j\ii^^^| d,hi'dd7i, m. one skilled in the law;
but it generally signifies a man who practises on the
simplicity of people by his knowledge of law, hence,
a pettifogger, a rog^e. p.
&JJ0I d,tna, m. a mirror, looking-glass; the
kneepan. d,ina,e iskandari, a celebrated mirror said to
have been made by Aristotle, and placed on the sum-
mit of a tower built by Alexander the Great at his
newly-built city of Alexandria, p.
j\iis.xx> I djina-ddr, m. the mirror-holder, an
oilicer at eastern courts ; met. a mendicant. d,ina-ddrt,
f. the office of holding the mirror, p.
^j\ii&jjo ! d,ina-ddn, m. the case of a mirror, p.
jUw&jjO 1 d,ma-sdz, m. a mirror-maker. d,ina-
sdzt, the trade of mirror-making, p.
J ji&AJol d'lna-faroz, or d^ina-afroz, or o,ina-
zidd,e, m. an instrument for polishing mirrors, p.
^J^^UJO ! d,ina-mahall, m. an apartment of
which the walls are covered with mirrors (in eastern
palaces), p. a.
U-» be, the second letter of the Arabic alpha-
bet. It is sounded like our b, and in numeration by
ahjad it • counts two. It is often prefixed to Persian
and Arabic words with the sense of by, to, for, &c. In
Arabic phrases it is always united to the noun it go-
verns, and sounded hi. In Persian it is sounded ha,
and may be united to its noun, or it may be written
separately with the weak or imperceptible h. a. p.
(._,> ^ ha, is the corresponding Devanagarl
letter, and in words from the Sanskrit it is frequently
substituted for v, as haraha for vardha. It stands for
baruna, the god of water : it may also denote the siuii,
the ocean, or water in general, h. t.
( 86 )
J '^ ba (for "m vd), conj. or, either, s.
^ ha, with, by, possessed of (in opposition to
be, without, deprived of); frequently used as first
member in composition, as in bd-ahru, honourably,
respectably. hd-ittifdk, with unity, harmoniously.
bd-asar, effectively, bd-ikhlds, sincere, bd-adab, in
accordance with good manners, bd-dn-ki, notwith-
standing that, bd-imdn, faithful, religious, bd-tadblr,
prudent, with deliberation, bd-tamtx, discreet, judi-
cious. bd-]chabar, intelligent. bd-l},ayd, modest. 6a-
sfiu'ur, wise, intelligent. bd-Tcffida, according to rule.
bd murfiwat, humane, bd maza, tasteful, delicious.
bd ivasf or bd wujud, notwithstanding, ba waz', re-
epectfully. bd wafd, sincere, faithful, p.
t— ^b hdbf m. a chapter, section, or any divi-
sion of a book ; a door; subject, head, affair, business,
point, matter, reason, manner, mode, species, method,
sort ; bdbu-t-taubat, the door of repentance. In reve-
nue language a head of accounts, a tax, a cess (vide
the pi. abwdb). bdb-war and bab-ydft, classified, items
entered (as fields, &c.) under their proper heads.
bdb-wdrt, f. classification, a.
«jV ^^^ bdhd, m. father, sir ; in Bengal it is
a very common term for boy, girl, child, or any young
person, bdbd-jdn, dear father, or dear child, h.
C>^b bdbat, f account, head, article, item ;
business, affair, matter ; on account of. This term,
with its compounds, is much employed in revenue ac
counts ; as, bdhat-wdr, according to entry, bdbat-wdrl,
f. any thing which is registered or entered in a general
statement of accounts, bdbat-yaft, the particular
items of any charge, bdbati, any cess or item of re-
venue: the Persian pi. bdbatdn is also used in the
sense of " sundries," miscellaneous items, a.
ji^. *ii«i< hdbar, m. a kind of sweetmeat; a
species of grass (v. beb). k.
(_5^y.b. «n«i'^l babarcht (for hdmarchi), m.
"a cook. bdbarchi-khana, a cook's shop or kitchen,
vulgarly called bobberchy-conner by the non-reading
Europeans, male and female, p.
^j^by^b <m«rr<.7n bdbariydn, a head of hair,
long and uncut, d.
Jjb babul. Babel or the city of Babylon, a.
j_^b "^X^^ babnl, f. a snake's hole. k.
yb '^T\babu, m. a child; a prince; master,
a title among Hindus equivalent to our Mr. or
Squire, and it is now as common as the latter terms
are among us. h. [Ion, Babel, a.
Jyb babul (same as babul), the city of Baby-
(^yb WTWf bdbon, for the sake of. d.
*->^W idbuna, m. camomile; wild ivy
(Richards), p.
4^b WR bap, m. father, bdp-k., a. to consider
as a father, bap-re or bdp-mera (my father 1), interj.
an exclamation expressive of surprise, grief, oic. h.
U— J^.b ^^fTfWT bdptismd, m. baptis'm (this
word has been recently introduced into the Indian
dialects by the Christian Miasionaries. g.
poor, destitute. A.
^^b m^l^ bdprd
»^.b ^Tfi bdph, f. steam, vapour, s.
j^b ffU^ bdpt, f. a large oblong pond or
"pool, commonly called a tank. s.
^y> mit bat, f. speech, language, word ; ac-
count, subject, question, cause, bdt bdndhnd, a. to so-
piiisticate, to prevaricate, bdt ba^hdnd, a. to prolong a
contest, bdt bigdpid, a. to mar a plot, to spoil, bdt
bandnd, a. to make up a story, to make excuses, hat
pdnd, a. to accomplish one's wishes, to effect one's pur-
pose, bdt phernd, a. to equivocate, bdt phenkna, a. to
jeer, to mock, to speak at (but not to), bdt tdlnd, a. to
put off, to excuse one's self, bdt chaldnd, a. to con-
verse, to start a subject, bdt chit, f. conversation, chit-
chat, bdt-dhardnd, a. to persist in making excuses, to put
off, to evade, bdt ddlnd, a. to throw away one's words,
to ask in vain, bdt rakhnd, a. to assist, to agree, to com-
ply, bdt rahnd, n. to make good one's words, to be ful-
filled or accomplished (declarations), to succeed, to
overcome, to get the better in arguments, to be ac
cepted, to preserve perfect, bdt kd batakkajr-k., to mul
tiplj' words, talk much on little, bdt kdtnd, a. to inter
rupt. bdt kdjdn, in short, bdt kdn ko lend, a. to accept,
agree to. bdt kursl-nishin-h., to be approved of (an
affair or proposal), bdt ko pina, a. to have patience, bdt-k.,
a. to converse, to talk, to speak, bdt kl bdt, unmeaning
orders, commands not expected to be obeyed, bdt ki
bdt men, in an instant, bdt gafhnd, n. to speak to the
purpose, to (speak so that one's words) have effect or
make impression, bdt ghat-k., to determine, settle.
bdt lagdnd, to calumniate, bdt mdrnd, to turn off, to
evade, to divert (a discourse, &c.). bdt 7nan men basnd,
n. to recollect, remember, bdt men kuchh-k., to perform
a business in a word, i. e. in a short time, to lose no
time in doing any thing, bdt men girdnd, a. to floor (the
opponent) in argument, bdteh sundnd, a. to abuse, to
speak harshly, bdten sunnd, a. to receive abuse or harsh
reproof, s. [tism. *
Ob ^rnf bdt, m. pain in the joints, rheuma-
^^l»-^^bb bdtdn khdntf talkative, d.
jjV£>b ba-ittifdk or bi-ittifdk, with one con-
sent, harmoniously, a. [Etawah. k.
fji\^ '^Tfcfrf bdtin, name of a tract of land in
^>yb ^H*rt bdtunt, "1 conversable, enter-
u3yb ^irfVfqT bdtuniyd,} taining, talkative,
chatty ; a talkative, entertaining, conversable person, k,
j^b ^TrTt batl, f. a candle, a wick ; a tent or
"bougie put into a wound to keep it open. s.
Ci-jb «rr7 bat, f. a road, highway, bat sdru,
a traveller, a wayfarer ; m. a weight, or measure of
weight, whether of stone or metal, bdt-chhap, the stamp
on weights and measures to guarantee their being ge
nuine. bdt-chhdpt, fee for stamping weights, &c. f.
b'b ^TTT bdtd, m. a share, portion, d.
oob ^rrfiroirT bdUkd, m. a villa, s.
bob ^TTTT bdtnd (also bdthnd), a. to share,
to portion out or divide ; to spin, to twist d.
-«>b 'mzi bdti, f. a habitation, dwelling-house,
"home; a garden-house. «. [other, h.
^_j>l^Sj3b ^Tm^ bdte-ghdte, somewhere or
y\ b bd-asar, with effect, effective, p. a.
€
bdjf without, in the absence of. d.
— b baj, m. a tax, duty, toll, import, &c. ; tri-
"bute, originally, that taken by one king from another.
baj-ddr or bdj-gir, a tax-gatherer, or collector of tri-
bute or revenue, bdj-gugar, one who pays taxes^
duties, &c. p.
( 87 )
«3b
U-b i^TSn baja, m. a musical instrument j
music, hdja-bajantar, or -bajattar, a band of music s,
VswliWb <fl9i|JM'fl baja-yaja, m. the sound or
clangor of various musical instruments, s.
\fr^^ TI^U bajra, m. a kind of grain so called;
Indian com {Holcus spicatus). h.
Lfj^^ TT^n^ bajrt, f. same as Jajm only of
a smaller kind. h. [instruments, s.
^o-.b ^unTTrr haj-gaj,m. sound of musical
jj^^b baj-gtr, one who receives or collects
taxes, &c. p,
j^^b ^TSnr ?^a;aw,m. pl.musical instruments. A.
U»-b «il3ifi1| bdjna, n. to sound (as a musical
instrument) ; to be published ; a. to play, strike up or
perform on an instrument, h.
Wti;?-^ "TIMH^TilT bajan-baja, m. pi. musi-
cal instruments, h.
Uj^pouj-b ^TWinft bajantari, f. a tax formerly
exacted from musicians aud dancing-girls, h.
y^\i ^V^baju, m. a kind of ornament for the
arm. h.
oj>\> baja,m. (v. baja), a. musical instrument.s.
j_5j>-b will baji, m. a horse, s.
w»-b «rMI bachd or vdchd, f speech, affirma-
tion, agreement, promise or pledge. «.
(-iWb ifT^oir bdchak or vdchak, speaker ; (in
grammar) an explanatory particle, s.
^4*" Y ^rT5 hachh, f. selection ; the corner of
the lip; adj. useless; in revenue language, it denotes
the proportionate rate or division either of lands or lia-
bilities attached to them, bachh-bardr, an adjustment
of liabilities, &c. s. [animal), s.
4?-b mWl hachhd, a calf (or young of any
_}4^b '^Tai^ bdchhal, a tribe of rdj-puts
about 'Allgafh, &c. h [lect. h.
Ijk^b ^■^JffT bachhnd, a. to choose, to se-
jsX>-b ^T^ hdchya or vdchya, m. a sentence
(in grammar); adj. speakable, fit to speak, s,
.i-b bdkhd, tn. (for iij»-b q. v.) a tortoise, p.
ff>-^ bd-khabai\ careful, intelligent, p.
^J^^ bdkktan (r. bdz) to play, to sport withj
to endanger, p.
is.jks»-b bdkhta, played, lost (by play), p.
&>-b bdkha, m. a tortoise or turtle, p.
ib bud, f. wind, bdd-se bdt-k., to go very
quickly, to be very swift, hddi tund, f. a stormy wind.
bdd-paimd or hdd-raftdr, swift as tho wind (generally
applied to a horse), hddi .sumum, f. a hot pestilential
wind, bad-sanj, idly speculative, vain ; one who builds
castles in the air. bddi shurfa, f. a fair wind, a favour-
able wind, bddi far ail g, St. Anthony's fire (the pox?).
bdd-farosh, a musician or minstrel, literally a seller of
wind, bddi mtckfidHf, f. a contrary wind, bddi sabd,i. the
morning breeze, a zephyr, bddi murdd, f. a fair wind ;
in revenue language it denotes a remission on account
of deficient produce, p.
fc>b bad (for buwdd, precative form of budan,
to be ;) may it be, or may it continue or be perpe
tual. (also bddd). p.
jib "^T^ bad or vdd, m. accusation ; assertion,
asseveration, affirmation ; a claim or plea ; rheuma-
tism, bdd-k., a. to argue, s.
jUb '^[T^K bdddr, a large house, granary
raised on piles, h,
J\ii)\i baddm, m. an almond, also an Indian
fruit resembling the almond, the catapang of the Ma-
laya, p.
«/o\.ib baddma, the aurelia or silkworm in its
nymphean state ; a kind of silk ; a dress made of rags
sewn together, worn by Jaklrs. p.
j_^\jb bdddmi, almond-coloured ; almond-
" shaped ; a kind of eunuch ; a kind of dish of which
almonds form a main ingredient, p.
ibj\5b ^^TR^T^ bdddnubdd, m. altercation,
dispute, &c. «. [tic), p- a.
jibsb bdd-bdkt, f. subtraction (in arithme-
^^b^b bdd-bdn, m. a sail ; a vessel in which a
lamp is placed for protection from the wind, p.
bsb bdd-pd, having feet like the wind, fleet,
swift (horse), p.
eo,li-tib bdd-khdya, m. the rupture, p.
j^j-ib bdd-khor, m. a disease in horses, from
which the hair falls off. p. [jntis). p.
Ij^ib bdd-khord, a scald head {Tinea ca-
jib ^T^ bddar, a cloud, (v. bddal). h.
jiSb TRT bddur, m. a flying fox ; a bat. ».
an orange, a kind of
citron, a species of
large cucumber, bdd-
ranj buya or bddrang boya, Arabian balm, mountain
balm. p.
&.ij> ,<ib bdd-resha, m. a whirl, a circular piece
of wood at the end of a spindle ; the round piece of
wood at the upper end of a tent-pole, p-
iO .tib bddriya, m. a ventilator suspended to
the roof of a house, to increase the circulation of air,
and drive away flies, p.
sU»5b bddshdh, m. a king, a sovereign : this
is an Arab corruption of the Persian word pddi-
shdh.q.y. p. [of a king. p.
i6\jb{^:>\j bddshdhdna, kingly, in the manner
Lll>ifcU>ib bddshdhat, f. a kingdom, govern-
ment, p.
»i|j8bi>i.)b bddshdh-zdda, a king's son, a
prince, hddshdh-zddt, a princess, p.
^L^ib bddshdhl, f. royalty, sovereignty;
"adj. royal, belonging to a king, bddshdhl sanad, a
royal tenure, or grailt of land rent-free, p
a^ib bddshah (same as iac?sAa/t),aking,&c.^.
^jib bddranj,
{jj^ji\^ bddrang,
^^yxijiji\j bddrangtn.
^
( 88 )
{J!:S'iih bad-kash, m. a fan, a ventilator; a
punkah; bellows, p.
iSjSSb bad-gird, a whirlwind, p.
Jiib ^T^gj badal, m. a cloud, h,
^ib gn <c? T tarf/a,T m. gold or silver thread,
ftJtSb ^n^: badlaj brocade, &c. h.
^Jiib ^I t^cjyt badali, silver cloth ; cloudiness. A.
(•Jb badam (for bddam), an almond ; spi-
ceries. p. [snake's bite. p.
K^iib bad-muhra, m. an antidote for a
^laijib badinjan, the egg plant. ^.
l^«ib bad-numa, m. a weathercock, p.
8«bb ftarfa, m. wine, spirits, bada-parast, ad-
dicted to wine, hada-hash, wine-drawer, bdda-nosh,
or bada-gusar, a wine-bibber, p.
Jbiib ^tj &ac?/i, a lesser division of an estate;
a plain, a desert, h.
Jbii\j ^M badh, m. prohibition, hindrance;
a chord, a string, s
U&tjb ^TOT hadha, f. pain, anguish, s.
d*4>iib ^rrf>nT badhit, obstructed, impeded,
pained, tormented, s.
tiiijbib ^TVimbadhak, one who interrupts,&c.s.
(o*'«iV ^TtR&ac?Aa», m. pain, act of obstruct- \
ing or opposing, t.
ij ^yfciib bdd-harva,t, f. fruitlessness, useless-
ness; waste, p.
sjJbi^[i'^jsibddhya,v/hat ought to bestopped.s.
j_^4ib fcafii, flatulent, troubled with wind. p.
(^<jb "m^ bddt (for tjorfi), an accuser, a
pl^ntiff, an enemy, badi chor, an inveterate thief, s.
(Cib bddl, beginner, an author, a.
^^btib bddiyan (also hadiydnd), sweet fennel;
anise seed. «.
iOib bddiya, m. a bowl, cup, glass (but ge-
nerally made of brass or bell-metal), p.
&J',^b bddiya, m. a desert, a wilderness, a.
»<5b rus bddh, f. stubble, h.
bjb<^b ifl^fil bddhna, a. to cut, to shear, h.
/iCh bdzih, the juice of grapes, slightly
boiled, a.
jb bur, m. load ; time, once ; a court, a tri-
bunal, sitting of a sovereign to give audience ; repeti-
tion; fruit; leave, permission, admission; pregnancy.
bar-dar, loaded, full of fruit ; pregnant, bar-dena, to
load ; to give charge ; to impose, to give trouble, to
encumber; to give admission, to give leave. ka,i bar
karke, after several times or turns, p.
jb ^R bar, f. time, occasion, delay ; verge,
edge; a girl not exceeding sixteen; m. day of the
week; door; water; child; hair; prohibition, ob-
stacle, bar lagdtiH, to delay, to hesitate, s.
Jo "mx. bar, 1 m. perquisite of the ahir or
\X> '^VC[ bard, J cow-herd in milk, generally
the milk of every eighth day. h.
hb bard, m. wind, air, atmosphere, d.
i^iiKb "^70^ bdrddari (v. bdrah), f. a
summer-house, h.
IxJutf^jb '^^if^rn bdrdsingd, m. a stag (Cer-
vus elaphus). h.
ijj^\j\j ^KT^*Ct bdrdkhari, f. the- combina-
tion of the consonants (in the Devanagari) with the
vowel symbols, h,
^Ijb bdrdn, m. rain, the rainy season, p.
^|jb bdrdni, f. a great coat, or cloak for
** keeping off the rain; unirrigated land, i.e. land de-
pending on the natural rains of the season, p.
l\\> TTCT? hdrdh, m. a boar, a hog; the
third incarnation of Vishnu, s.
i^)jO ^rro^ bdrdhi, f. land ; adj. relating
to barah, the third incarnation. A. t.
jbjb bdr-bdr, repeatedly, often (also bdram^
bar), bar-bdrt-k., to procrastinate, delay, p.
i^ ^jb ^l^ojfjl^ bdr-batd,t, f. division of
the crops by sheaves or shocks, beforo the com la
trodden out. h.
j>X> bdrbar, burden-bearing (ox or ass), p.
•l^J^b bdr-barddr, m. a porter, a bnrdezi-
bearer. p.
ijS^j>jO bdr-barddri, f. expenses of travel-
ling, coolie-hire, carriage-hire, means of conveyance, p.
_jb ^ftil bdrij (for vdrija), m. the lotus.
barija nayan, having eyes like the flower of the lotus. $.
C->\:>-jb bdrjdt, an oppressive custom, forcing
the natives to buy goods above the market price, p.
i< Vjb bdrjd,e, a custom of forcing people
to buy goods at an exorbitant price ; likewise, a free
grant of a spot of ground made by the zamlndars and
landholders to any of their relatives, the rents of
which, to prevent a loss to the donor, are assessed
upon the rest of his possessions, p.
u->l>.jb bdr-chdp, a kind of cloth, d.
;_^l>-jb bdri-khass, m. private hall of au-
dience, p. [mind. p. a,
jl3l5»-.b bd?'i-khdtir, load or distress of
e6ls»-jb bdr-khdna, m. a warehouse, p.
\ii>i-.b bdri-khiidd, Great God. p.
«i;b ^nft^ bdrid m. (for vdrid), a cloud, a.
djb bdrid, cold, frigid ; established, a.
J jb bdriz, a term in arithmetic, the sum total
or gross amount, p.
Qjijb bdrish, f. rain ; a shower of rain. p.
*lPjb bdr-i-dm, m. public hallof audience./>.a
^
( 89 ;
uiJjb ^rft^F barik, m. rain (for varik or
vSrid), h.
e^\i^Jb harak-allah (God prosper you), a
phrase expressive of admiration, a.
{JiSj^, bar-hash, lit. "burden-bearing," ap-
plied to elephants, carts, porters, 8ec p.
sl^b hargah or isSXi bargah, f. a court, pa-
lace, place of audience, har-gah-i-khas, private court,
privy-council chamber. bargak-i-'dm, public court,
where every body is admitted, p.
^j^ baragi or bargt (used in comp.), time,
"or turn. p.
j^j^ hargir, m. a horseman (soldier) who
does not &id his own horse ; a beast of burthen, p.
(jjb ^rnST baran (for varan), m. forbidding,
prohibiting, preventing ; an elephant, s.
^^ ^TTSn barna, n. to leave off, to sepa-
rate, to quit ; a. to forbid, to prohibit. ».
bjb TTRin barna, a. to light, to kindle, h.
^Jo UTtWH! barambar (for bar-bar), often,
repeatedly, h.
jujjb WTt«K baramha, m. fruit of mangoes,
revenue derived from mango groves, h.
iJi^X} barandagi, f. rain, raining, p.
sjjjb baranda, that which rains or showers, jt?.
{j,Jo ^\^t!f\ baruni, f. spirituous liquors, s.
jjV 'TT^ baru, f. sand (vide balu) ; m. a
child, t.
jjb bdru(f or barut),f. gunpowder, saltpetre. J9.
fj^jjo barn'an (for barahwan), the twelfth, h.
C^jjb barut,
, f. saltpetre ; gunpowder, p.
(5jjU barud.
iX> IR^ barah, land next to or surrounding
a village, h.
8.b ^TT5 barah, twelve, barah-dart, f. a
Bummerhouse (q.d. with twelve doors), hdrdh bat hona,
n. to become a vagabond, to be ruined or harassed, h.
Sjb bara, for the sake of, in behalf of, as in
the phrase dar bara,e man, in my behalf; (in comp.)
turn, time ; as, du-bara, twice, over again, p.
U&jb har-ha, often, repeatedly, p.
lCju*»8.b ^m^fllTn bdrah-singa, m. lit. a
twelve-tiner ;" a stag with horns of twelve branches
{Cervus elaphus). h.
^.b bare, once, one time ; it is used by some
authors in the sense of at last, at length, lastly, p.
(Cjb bdri, m. a name of the Deity, the
Creator, bart ta'dla, the most high God. o.
(^jb ^T^ bart, f. a garden, an orchard, a house;
a window ; an ornament worn in the ear and nose ;
a young girl not exceeding sixteen, a.
i^jb ^T^ bari, m. the name of a caste of
Hindus whose business it is to sell torches and leaves
which are used as platters : the same cjste occasionally
act as barbers, h.
jCjb bciri, tour, turn, bari-ddr, an attendant
who waits in turn with others, bari ki tap, an inter-
mittent fever, p.
(«.^b jb &ar-«/a&, admitted at court or into com-
pany ; one who has the entree, p.
^b ,b bdrydhi, f. admittance at court or into
company ; having the entree, p.
^iV .b bdridan, to rain, to shower, p.
lifjj'.b bdrth, fine, slender, minute, subtile.
bartk-bln, intelligent, penetrating, quick of apprehen-
sion, bartk-miydn, slender-waisted. p.
iJ^.X> bdriki, f. subtilty j minuteness, p.
jb ^TC bar, f. edge ; nnme of a place near
Munglr; a fence, a hedge ; a line (of soldiers) ; a mar-
gin, bdr-pakrund, to urge on, to instruct, bdrjharnd
and bur ufdnd, a. to fire a volley, bdr-bdndhnd, a. to
inclose a field with thorns, bdr-rakhnd, -chlrnd, or
-chhwand, a. to sharpen bdr-dend, or -dihvdnd, a. to
sharpen, to grind, excite, to instigate, h.
U'b 'fTSn &ara,m. an inclosure j alms, charity, h.
jjb ^Tf^ bdrav, ^ m. submarine
jJ.3Lyb '«n^«IMc!S>' bdravdnal,} fire. *•.
*fc3'b ^13" bdrh, f. a flood; promotion, in-
crease, h.
Ufcjb ^^*TT bdrhnd, In. to increase, go on,
♦JJfcji'b '^TT^ hdrhnau,) advance, rise, swell;
to be promoted, to amount, lengthen, h.
^vb "WJS^bdrhi, f. usurious profit or inte-
"rest taken on grain ; interest in kind paid upon seed
grain, h.
^c^•b ^T^ bdri, a kitchen-garden ; a house
with the garden, orchard, &c., attached to it; also
cotton (see bari). s. [knives, &c.). A.
bjb ^rfrUT bdriya, m. a whetter (of swords,
jb bdz, m. a female falcon, a hawk, bdz-ddr,
m. a falconer, bdz-ddrt, f. the charge of hawks, keep-
ing falcons, a.
jb bdz, adv. again, once more, bdz-dnd, n. to
decline, to leave off; to refuse, to reject, to desist.
bdx, raklmd, a. to hold back, to prevent, to forbid, bdz-
rahna, n. to decline, to reject, to leave off; to refuse;
(in comp.) it denotes a player; as, shatratij-bdz, a
chess-player; JwMa-ftaz, a juggler, p.
,\j\> bdzdr, m. a market : according to Glad-
win it denotes a constant and established market, in
contradistinction to hat, an occasional one. p.
(_5jUb bdzdri, belonging to a market ; market
people, common people, bdzdri bdt, low or vulgar
language ; patois ; Billingsgate, p.
eiterated mqun-y;
inute investiga-
;^_j*»Ojb bdz-purs, 1 m.reite
CLi^^'\> bdz- khrvdst, J mil
tion. p.
^^^ju*Ojb baz-pasin, last, hindmost, p.
^iTijb bdzargdn (for bdzdrgdji), m. a mei
cltant, a dealer in the market, p.
JV (
j^l^jb bazargant, f. merchandise, traffic,
" trade commerce, p.
^ji>^b baz-kardan, to throw open (a door), p.
d-wl^b bdz-gasht or baz-gashta, returned,
retreated, p.
^^^b baz-gun, preposterous, upside down. p.
jJ^jO baz-glr, a falconer; a chronologist, or
historian ; (for hdj-gtr), a collector of revenue, p.
8c>3)l> bazanda, playing, a player ; a kind of
pigeon (vide Jchirad-afroz). p.
jjjb bazu, m. the arm (plur. bazu,an) ; the
fold of a door ; the side of a bedstead ; a friend, a com-
panion ; one who repeats the chorus of the tnarsiya ;
an accompanier in a song, bazil dena, a. to assist, to
help, to support, p.
jjjjjjb bazu-band, m. an ornament worn on
the arm, a bracelet or an armlet, p.
(C^\j bazi, f. play, sport ; a game, a stake at
play, bazt khana, to lose, to be cast ; to be cheated.
bdzi pand, to be victorious, prosperous, bazi-lagana,
to wager, bdzi lejdnS, to win, to exceL p.
Cl-^ibjb baz-yaft, resumption of any thing,
the act of resuming alienated lands or property of any
kind. p. [a toy, plaything, p.
s^jO bazicha, f. fun, play, sport ; wagering;
jjti^ :b baztdan, to sport, to play ; to gamble. J3.
Soj^b bdzi-gah, f. a place for exhibiting
feats of activity ; a theatre, p.
^jb bdzigar, m. a tumbler, one who exhi-
bits feats of activity, p.
^jjX>jb bazigaranAf. a tumbling-woman,
JljXJ ;b bdzigarnt, J an actress, p.
i^j^.j^ bdzigari, f. the art of juggling,
tumbling, &c. p. [banyd, a perfumer, t.
(j*»b 'mvt has, f. smell, scent, odour, bds-
(j*»b irra bds, 1m. abode, residence, lodg-
U#»b WTW &asa,J ing, temporary residence, s.
^_^b*>b ba-dsdni, with facility, easily, p.
^jbLi*>b bdstdn (in Persian), ancient, past : in
the south of India it is used corruptly for b(^d az an,
after, afterwards, p. d.
^Ju*>b ifT^ bastu,%\ie or foundation of a house.5.
,^Xtti\> Tfmz bdsath, sixty-two. h.
yja^ib ^TWt^ bdsudev (properly vdsudeva),
name of Krishna, the son of Yasudeva. ».
^b wmK bdsar (for vdsar), m. a day. *.
t<^b hds7'l or bdsuri, f. (v. bdnsri), a flute,
pipe, &c. <.
^*«»b bdsik, tall, lofty (palm-tree), a.
90 ) ^b
tiij-ib ^i^cfr bdsuk, 1 ra. the name of the
nj
iS***yO M\H<Jk\ bdsukt,} serpent which sup-
"ports the universe, and which was used as a string to
whirl the mountain Mandar in churning the ocean for
the amrit, &c. ». [(^Fena basilica), g.
J^Awib bdsalik, f. the great vein in the arm
jji»**»b ^nWirt bdsmati, f. a fragrant kind of
" rice, also of millet, h. [plate, dish, kc, h.
^^y^^ ^5Er»T bdsan, m. a basin, goblet, pot,
bu*»b ^TTOfTT bd^nd or vasand, f. desire, incli-
nation, s.
bu*»b ^TOfTT bdsnd or ^RRT vasand, a. to
scent, to perfume, s.
,^-»b ^1^1 bdsi, Stale, fusty, perfumed, bdsl-k.,
"to make stale ; to vomit, h.
5<*>b "WVSi bdsi or vdsl, an inhabitant; (used
"in comp.), as ban-bast, or vana-vasi, inhabitant of the
woods, s. [^ahirs. h.
^^bu*)b wrftl'JT'T bdsiydn, name of a tribe of
(jib bash, stay, stop, be patient; (in comp.)
it denotes being, staying, as shab-bash, staying for a
night, p,
Iwib bdshd, m. a kind of falcon, a hawk, p*
bW>b bdshad, it may be, perhaps, p.
b^b lyr^frnTT bdshgiyd, crops being
choked and destroyed by weeds, h,
8i\Jo^b bdshanda, an inhabitant,a dweller, p,
&**)b bdsha, m. a hawk (same as bdshd). p,
(^iMt\i bdshin, a female falcon, p.
ljto\> bdsira, sight, the sense of seeing, a.
^Ji?b bdtil, false, vain; absurd, futile, igno-
rant; abolished, a.
t^\> bdtiti, f. vanity, folly, absurdity, a.
(^b bdtin, m. the inward part, the heart}
adj. internal, hidden, concealed, a.
j^lsb bdtint, intrinsic, internal, a.
^JL^\> bd'is, cause, account, occasion, induce>
ment ; author, producer ; prep, by means or by rea-
son of. a.
cb bdffh, m. a garden, orchard, grove, bdfff^
sabz dikhand or -dikhldnd, to excite deaire and ex-
pectation by deceitful promises, bdgh-ba^-hona, or
hojdna, n. to be delighted, to rejoice greatly, p,
C->lpb bdghdt, pl.gardens,grove8,orchard8. p.
j^lpb bdghdyaiXf fit for garden cultivation j
" f. fruit raised in a garden ; tax levied on gardens, k,
^bc-b bdgh-bdn, m. a gardener, p.
^bpb bagh-bdnii, f. gardening, p.
&^b hdgbfiha, m. a small garden, orchard,
&c. p. [tumour, a wen. p.
»^b bdghira, m. an indolent swelling or
jcl^lpb bdg\shm, f. a walk in a garden, d
tv
( 91 )
-h
fjfj^S'Ki b agh -hari, f. garden cultivation, bu-
"siness of a gardener, p,
y\^\i bdgh-wala,'\va.. a gardener, the owner
^^^b baghwan, J of a garden, p. k.
l^b baghha, pi. gardens, orchards, p.
j_^b baglii, a mutineer, traitor, rebel, a.
si^rb baghlcha, a little garden (v. b agh chd). p.
w— Jb baf, (in comp.) weaving or woven, ki-
narl-baf, a weaver of lace, zari-baf, a gold-lace weaver ;
a kind of cloth interwoven with gold. p.
«JI^b baft, web, weaving, tissue, texture, p.
sSi\j bafta, woven ; m. a kind of cloth ; a
colour in pigeons; buttons woven like mohair; (in
comp.) it denotes woven, wrought, as zar-iq/i^a, wrought
in gold, embroidered, p.
)o\^\i ba-ifrat, in abundance, copiously, p. a.
8(iJib bafanda or hafinda, a weaver, p.
j5b bakir, abounding in wealth and know-
ledge, one who is deeply learned, a.
j_^l»-Jlb baMr-khani, f. a kind of bread or
** cake mixed with butter and milk. Dr. Gilchrist sug-
gests, in his Vocabulary, that this kind of cake took
its name from some nobleman called Bakir-lchdn, as
our word sandwich is said to be so named after Lord
Sandwich, a.
^'b bakila, I , , ,
i-i' , ', , r m. a bean, a pea, a potherb, a.
*wb bakila,}
^b bakl, remnant, remainder, balance, ar-
"rears; adj. permanent, durable, eternal, hakhdar,
owing a balance ; a revenue defaulter, hayi-rahnd, n.
to remain, to be left, to be saved, a. [rears, a.
OUsb bakiyat, remainders, balances, ar-
liJb bak, m. fear, apprehension, p.
dJb ifTW bak or vah, m. language, dialect,
speech ; in the language of revenue officers it is used
to denote a verbal estimate of the produce without
measuring the field, s,
»^b bakira, an unblemished virgin, a.
jCjS b %f|d|iO bahrt, f. a cow advanced about
five months in pregnancy (also a small bu£falo). h.
jj«^b ^T^mi bakas, m. a bush of which charcoal
is made for the mannfacture of gunpowder (Justicia
adhatoda). s. [bdJcUd). h.
^b ^T^K^ bakla, m. a bean, a potherb (v.
lij^b "«rra!»?[ bakand, a portion of the crop,
about two-fifths, paid as rent by the cultivators to the
zamlndars. h.
,4^b ^TTO^ bakhar, \m. name of a drug
J4^b ^^^ bakhal,) used as a ferment; a
house, an inclosure ; several houses contained vrithin
one inclosure ; an area or court-yard. h.
iuS\^'mmbahya{iorvakya), m. (in gram.) a
sentence ; speech, a word. «.
cL/b ^THT bag, f. a rein, a bridle, bag-morna,
to turn the reins : it is applied to the drying up of the
small-pox ; when the pustules begin to blacken and
dry up, they say iitla or mdtd ne hag mart, bag hath
se chhifna, the power of choice to be lost to any one. h.
liA) bag (Dakh. for ^b), a tiger, bug ka
pattha, a tiger's cub. [dress, h.
ob ^TTT baga, m. a vestment; honorary
jj<lfb ^JRrt. bagdor, f. a long rein with
which horses are led. h.
J,\j^ ^nrt bagar,va. a hedge of thorns or twigs;
name of a tract of country belonging to the rdj-puts. h,
fcj^b ^TT^ bagri, a native of Bagar. h.
S\i ^TTTH bagam, m. any cultivated spot. h.
X^b hagnakh, the claws of a tiger set in
silver and worn round the neck by a string as a charm
against sundry evils. A kind of weapon made of steel,
resembling huge claws, and fitting upon the hands.
With this instrument the celebrated Sevajee, the Mah-
ratta chief, is said to have murdered the Muhammadan
governor of Bijapur, while embracing him under pre-
tence of friendship. (Binning), d,
^b ^nr baghy I m. a tiger, bagh-bakrt, f.
^b ^rm bagha,) tiger and goat, a kind of
children's play, akin to our " fox and geese". ».
ju^b ^Tn"?: haghambar,m. a tiger's skin. «.
^J^\> ^TicfT baghm,}
j^4^b ^V^\ bagh'i, f. a bubo. h»
"JXi Tfiif) bagi, a horseman, a rider. 5.
Jb ^T^ balf f. a girl not arrived at the age
of maturity ; m, a child under five years old ; ac^. in-
fantine, childish ; ignorant, uninstructed. s.
(Jb ^T^ bed, m. hair; a child, bal biha na
ho,e (let not the hair be bent or disordered), a mode
of inculcating extraordinary care, bdl-bdl, hair by
hair, every hair, bdl bdndhi kauri mdrnd, to shoot at,
not to miss ; to act with great care, not to mistake, s.
Jb bal, m. a wing, bal-dar, winged, p.
Jb ^^ baly f. an ear of corn ; a crack in a cup
or glass ; m. the thread on which sugar is crystallized.
bdl-ddr, a cracked vessel (of china, glass, &c.). h.
Jb ^ra balu, m. a drug commonly called
ela-bdluk s.
Jb bal, m. heart j power, a.
^b bala, above, up ; m. top. bala-batana, or
-dena, a. to baulk, to circumvent, to dupe ; to put oflf,
to disappoint, to prevaricate, bdld-bdld, deceitfully,
fraudulently; secretly, bdld-dast, superior, p. .
^b ^T^ bala, m. a kind of grub which eats
the young plants of wheat or barlej' when about six
inches high. h.
^b ^[T^ bala, f a girl not arrived at the
age of maturity ; a medicinal and fragrant plant, of the
roots of which tnttts are made {Andropagon miiricatum),
commonly called by Europeans "cus-cuss"; m. an
earring ; a male child, a boy, bald chdnd, the new
moon. s. [that laps over the thigh, p.
\ balabar,m. part of the angarhha (q-v.)
ciJo!i)o bala-band, m. part of the native dress,
a kind of turban ; a coat of a particular kind. p.
J'^^.
"il^^lb '^^T«^c5T hdla-bhola, adj. innocent,
artless, as a cliild ; ni. an artless child, s. h.
(^.^^^^ ^^^TT hala-pcin, in. childhood, in-
fancy ; also boyhood. «.
(^^J^\j hala-posh, m. a coyerlet, quilt, p.
c- o^b ^T^STTT^ bdldtap, m. the rays of the
rising sun. s.
jl£>^b bi-l-ittifdk, lit. by agreement, by
chance, a. [(an estate, &c.). h.
Jlv>-^b U-l-ijmdl, in the whole, in the lump
liJW^b 'f l cj n'^g; hdld-chdnd, the new moon. «.
^6ls>•^)b bdld-khana, m. an upper room, an
upper story, a balcony, p.
ClA**)li^)b bdld-dast, superior, high-handed, p.
^^iib hdld-gashti, an inspector of police, p.
^^b bdldn, hairs of the head, the hair col-
lectively, hala-n bhara, full of hair, bristly, d.
^^juSlJ^b bdld-nishm, seated aloft, superior, p.
C-«— ^.«^b bald past, above and below, i.e.
the heavens above and the earth beneath, p.
(_|^b bdld,t, s. a horse led for show ; any
extra tax ; adj. external, superficial, p.
tcj^jj^b bdldyi maze (pi.), m. superficial or
hollow pleasures, p.
C-kibv^*^b bdld,%-ydft, f. perquisites, p.
^^Jb bdl-bachche, pi. children, s.p.
^IjjJb bi-l-bandn, with the tips of the fingers;
" monstrari digitis." a.
i^«4^ Jb ^55>Ttn bdl-bhog, m. an offering
to Krishna, presented early in the morning, s.
o Jb bdl-par, m. adoption of better habits ;
bal far nikdlna, to turn over a new leaf; to flourish or
prosper; to betray one's evil disposition, to begin
wicked pranks, to show the cloven hoof. p.
j^b bdl-pan,va. (v. &aZapa«),childhood,&c. s.
^j^aj3b bi-t-tasrih, distinctly, explicitly, a.
VyJV ^T^iflT bdl-tor,v\. a pimple, a sore. h.
&*^' bi-l-jvmla, in short, to conclude, a.
JA»-Jb ^TT^ratT bdl-chhar, f. the name of
a medicine or perfume, h. [happily, a.
jXit.^ bil-khair, in a good manner, well,
C\ii5b bi-z-zdt or bi-z-zdti, naturally, ori-
ginally, bi-zatihi, in its nature or essence, a.
—IJb ^T^nr hdlrdj, \
t-^ ' ,, i - - rm. lapis lazuli. «.
iO,yJ\^ "m^^ balsvri/a,)
jjl, Jb "^T^TT? bdl-rdnd, f. a very young
widow, or one who lost her husband when she was
very young, s.
jijb bdlish, m. » pillow, a cushion, p.
( 92 ) Jb
(Jl/«iJb bdlisht, f. a span ; a pillow, p.
C^j^jjciii\i bi-z-zarurai (also bi-z-zarura),
necessarily, perforce, a.
jj«^b bi-l'aks, the reverse, us ke bi-Vahs,
the contrary to that. a.
«jb bdl igh , m. a youth just arrived at the age
of maturity ; adj. of age ; fern, baligha, marriageable, a.
[^J^\>^ bi-l-farz, granted that, on the sup-
position or condition that. a.
jjj^fljb bi-l-Jil, in fact, actually; now, for the
present moment ; in short ; in the mean time. a.
i3g.fliH3b bi-l-liasd, on purpose, a.
C>yi)b bi-l-kuwat, by the strength, or
power of. a. [name of a drug (v. bdlu). s.
uliJb '<Tr^«K bdlah, ra. a young child, bdluk,
ojb ^qJoFT bdlkd or bdlakd, m. a young fol-
lower or disciple of njogi or sanydii. s.
0>]b ^^olTT hdlukd, f sand, gravel, s.
ji^oJb '^^\^'3lllJTS hdlukd(/ar,m. a sort offish, s,
^ oob «ric5'«hW^ bdlukdmay,9a.ndy,gra.ve\ly.8.
^^;^b ?|Q5ofiV*( bdlahpnn, ] m. childhood,
boSob '<Tlc^'ahi|HI bdluhpand, > boyhood; in-
SyiSjb TT^JcFFT bdlakatwa, J fancy, child-
ishness, s. together. •.
(Ji)b bi-l-ktdl (or bi-l-kultiya), totally, al-
^A^Jb ^^5«lfN bdlahtya^ childish, infantine. 5.
Jb^Jb ^T^rftTn^ hdl-gopdl, offspring, s.
edJb bi-lldh (or bi-lldhi), by God. bi-llahi-
Vofim, by the High God ! a.
Jb "^X^fi bdlam, m. a lover, or beloved per-
son ; a husband ; a kind of cloth, balam khtra, m. a
sort of cucumber, in season in the rains (a variety of
Cucumis sativus). h, [son), a.
&*laiU5b bi-I-mukiaa, a kind of tenure, (v. Wil-
bJb ^^TfTT hdlnd, a. to light, to kindle (v.
bdrna). h.
tij3b ^T^»^ bdland, name of a tribe inha-
biting the southern parts of MirzapSr, h.
jXjJb hdlangu, a species of citron, p.
^b <|ir<$«0 bdlint, f. the constellation a«-
" wini. s.
^b TIS^ bdlu, f. sand, gravel, s.
fc)jJb bdlu-burd, land covered with a depo-
sit of sand after an inundation ; also, a remission of
revenue on that account, s, p.
C.*ji.y.yb ^^in^?r hulopavtt, m. a child's
sacrificial thread ; a cloth covering the priyitiea (of
children), v.
{Jj>-y>^> ^^'•li.'t hdluchari, a kind of silk
oloth ninnutactiired in Baluchar, near Murshidabad. h-
,> (
^SP'o hi-l-mafa, in truth, in reality, a.
<^»jI> ^^cF haluhf ui. a sort of poison. 5.
^V TT^ feaZi, f. a female-child; ear-ring
■worn in the ear, passing through the centre of it : it
also signifies an ear of com. *.
^b TIc5^ hall, m. name of a monkey, the
"son of Indra, killed by Rama. s.
^JjJb balidagl, f. vegetation, p.
OyfcStijJb balida hona, n. to vegetate, p. h.
jjtj3b ^T'^l^l ialisk, m. pain in making wa-
ter, from gravel, &c. s.
^j^AftjJb bi-l-yahm, assuredly, certainly, a.
^^b balin, f. a pillow, a cushion, p.
WjJb mv*\ balya, m. childhood, infancy, s.
auuJb viT^tj haleya, "I m. name
CiJLi>juu5b ^cft^^lled baleyashakf) of a plant
Siphomantlms Indica), s.
Jo TJTH bam, f. an eel {Ophidium simack,
Buck.)', m. the left (side); an enemy, s.
*b bam, m. an upper story, a terrace ; the
morning dawn. p.
*b bam, m. a fathom, a measure of six feet,
or three and a half cubits, d.
if-^yb ^IH-»ii'I bam-ang, m. the left side. 5.
^_y^b •^T^iii\ bambhi, \^
j^^x«b ^TTiffft bambhni,
i)\s*\i bamdad or bamdadan, f. morning,
dawn, Aurora ; adv. in the morning, p.
/^b ^TPTT baman (for vamana), a dwarf,
one of the incarnations of Vishnu. «.
^j^b baman, "1
,^xob bamanh,}
jjkfc (^b ^TTfTFjt baman-hattt, f. name of a
"plant {Otneda verticellata, Boxb,), h.
l^^b ""Hii-i^H bamhan, m. a Brahman, s.
^^b ^T»^»ft bamhnt, f. a stye on the eye-
" lids ; a species of lizard, h.
j_j^b ^TT^'ft bamhni f. (for bahmant), the
" -wife of a Brahman ; name of a medicinal herb. *.
^b TR ban, f. temper, quality, manners;
m. a rocket used in battle ; the boar or swell of the
tide ; a kind of rope made of munj. h.
^jb ^T^ ban or van, ra. an arrow; the name
of an asur, son of Raja Bali. $.
^b ban, m. name of a tree (Guilandina
moringa), whose seeds are called ^bb-ul-ban, bennut,
or according to some, Bakain (Melia sempervirens) ;
that which yields benjamin or benzoin (Styrax ben-
xoe); a tree the leaves and flowers of which are sweet-
scented, called by the Persians hed-mashk. p.
93 )
,.,b
f f a snake's hole. s.
It, J
a Brahman, d.
^Jo ban, keeper or guardian ; (used in comp.)
as dar-ban, a door-keeper, ba^-ban, a gardener, p.
bb ^«n bana, m. habit, profession ; a kind
of weapon ; fashion in dress, peculiar to individuals,
or bodies taken individually (so regimentals may be
called band); uniformity; the woof (in weaving); a
veil, band bdndhnd, to be ready, to be determined.
In the Dakhani dialect it denotes the basin or metal
bucket of a pacotta, or lever for raising water, h.
bb ^7«n hana, a. to open or spread out. h.
Obb WTtTTir hanat„ f. broad-cloth, h.
t^bb TRTifl' banaii, woollen, made of
broad-cloth, h.
^^bb hanan (v. bayan), the left hand or side. s.
c-ob ^1^ bamb, m. (also bdmb-andhu,a), an
eel, snake (see bam), h.
bj> ^jb ^^b ^"^fcF ban ban-k., to prate idly,
to tattle foolishly, h.
^^^b ^Hfl^ bambhmf'\
^A^b ^tw^ bambha,t, >f. a snake^s hole. h.
j_j^b i?rt»^ bambhi, J
,4A*<*^^^b ^rfirw bana-prasth, m. the state
of an anchorite or hermit (see asrant). $,
cilob v^z bant, m. share, distribution ; a
weight (j. e. the standard by which things are
weighed) ; food ^ven to a cow while milking her. «.
bbb ^TTT banta, m. portion, share, s.
cLJj>-cLob "^Z^^tzbant-chont, share, distri-
bution, s.
bubb ^rt7«TT hantna, la.to share, to distribute,
U^b ^TZ;t{\hanthna,} to divide, participate,
dispose of. Also bdM-lend, the same, s,
»aib '^ffT hahjar, (land) lying waste or
fallow, h.
.4^b WBl hanjh (Dakh. banj), barren (ap-
plicable to females, also to land or soil. s.
ftjksib ^f^lTm banijya, m. trade, commerce,
merchandise. *.
bL^'b ^^rfT hanchna, a. to read ; m. Dakh.
bdnchnd (for bachna) ; n. to escape, to be saved. *.
l^*b ^Ifitl banchha, f. wish, desire, s.
O^^'b ^if^ banchhit, desired, longed for. s.
\i^>^ Vflr^l bandd, the name of a place in
Bandel-khand. h.
^siob ^qjt^hdndd (for bandd), m. kind of plant
which grows on trees (epidendrum, particularly tessel-
latum, Roxb.). *.
S^iJ^ ^T'T ^ T C bdn-ddr, a rocket-thrower, h.p.
jtiJb ^7^ bandar, ") m. (for bandar), an
^tiJb Wi^i[^| bdndrd,) ape, a monkey, s.
^iVb »(I*«r('t bdndarni,'\f. a female ape or
4^tiJb ^ri<^ bdndri, J monkey, s.
biijb handna (for handkna), a. to tie, to
stop, &c. s. [finement, imprisonment. ».
/JfciVb ^V handh, m. an embankment ; con-
^^i>Si\i ^V^^fta^ feattrf/ia/^o<i, name of a
tribe inhabiting part of Bandel-khand. h.
•UfcJJb ^hnrr bamlfma, a. to tie ; to shut ; to
stop water, to embank ; to bind, to fasten ; to invent,
to contrive, to stop, to pack, to aim, to build, to put,
to settle .y.
^jjb ^VfTtbandhnu, m. a mode of dyeing,
in which the cloth is tied in different places to pre-
vent the parts tied from receiving the dye ; slander,
plot, plan ; a kind of silk cloth ; a kind of parrot, h.
^t>Jb "^^vm handhavy m. a relative, a kins-
man, a friend, s.
v/j3L> ^1^ handl, f. a female slave, handi
ka beta, obedient, submissive. In the Dakhani dia-
lect, iandi-ftaj-^an, " slave girls and utensils," the im-
pediments, appropriately so called, of an army on
march ; the families, baggage, &c. of the Sipahis. h.
\3Jb ^TF bandd, m. a bird without tail ;
a serpent which has lost its tail ; adj. tail-less, docked, s,
4^3Jb ^TS\ handi, f. a cudgel; a kind of
dress; misfortune, calamity, h.
j>\i ^T«7^ banar (for vanar), m. a monkey, s.
(jrtib ^W ham, m. a bamboo; a measure of
about ten feet, used to measure tanks, ditches, or
excavations in general (a cube of one bans is called a
chaukd). baAs par charhna, n. to be branded with
infamy, s.
L«3b ^tw hansa, m. the bridge of the nose;
the channel through which the seeds descend in a
drilling-machine, h.
y^^jj-jb TratRrt: bans-phor, m. the name of
a caste who work or deal in bamboos, t.
f. a flute, fife, pipej
a kind of noxious
weed in arable land ;
a purse; adj. made
"of bamboo.
cii3b wt^If hank, f. an ornament (half-circle)
worn on the arms ; a kind of dagger having a curved
blade ; an exercise with the dagger ; a settee, h,
liijb ^o|r bank, m. a crook, curvature, bend-
ing; a reach or turning of a river; fault, offence,
wickedness. *.
Kib ^^\'Sf^{ banka, m. a fop, a beau, a coxcomb;
a buck, a bravo, a bully ; a bent trumpet or bugle ; t.
name of a river ; adj. crooked, foppish, h.
j^\^b ^rf'irT^ hanka-chur, m. a fop, cox-
comb, &c. h.
U^Liiib ^cUqjT bank-patta, m. a kind of
fencing with (woo<len) dagger and cutlass, h.
^j^.ul)Jb '«Tt"!ir^«T hank-pan, m. foppishness j
debauchery ; disorderly conduct, k.
94 )
5V
4jF;*-^b VlM<!t bansri,
t«j*«jb '^^J^ hansuri,
jJ««^b ^nr^ft bansU,
j]^b ^^ hansi,
cL^b bang, f. sound, voice, cry ; the voice
of the vtu,azzm calling Muhammadans to prayer; the
crowing of a cock, bdng-marna, a. to cry out, to calL
bang-dend (or in Pers. -barddshtan, or -dddan), a. to call
Mu%ammadans to prayer, bdngi fubl^, the call to morn-
ing prayer, bdngi namdz, the call to prayers in ge-
neral, p.
\X3b ^nn bauf/a, m. raw cotton (v. hangd). h,
J^\i ifTTT hangar, m. high ground or up-
lands, h.
ou3b hanga, m. a species of cotton produced
exclusively in the Dacca district, and indispensably ne-
cessary, though not otherwise of superior quality, to
form the stripes of some of the finest kinds of mus-
lin, p.
,_^b ^Ttfift hangi, f. a pattern, muster, h.
yb hanu, f. a lady, a woman of rank. p.
lyb ^T»TOT hanu,a, m. the name of a water-
bird, h.
(jlyb TTRT hanman, the left hand or side. s.
L<*yb ^T«r?n banusa, m
kind of cloth, k.
lusa, m."!
i^4*>yb ^rRft banusi, f.J
ij'y b ^ittg| hanawwe or haname, ninety-two. h»
^b ^^ hanh, f. the arm from the shoulder
to the elbow; guarantee, protector, or security (aa
when a person trusts himself in the power of an ene-
my, a third person being his bank, who engages to
return him to his house or fort in security), bdnh-
bali, strong in the arm. bdnh pakapia or gahnd, a. to
protect, bdnh dend, a. to assist (see bdzu dead). 6aAA
fufnd, to be destitutp of friends or protectors, t.
«3b bdna (for band), m. dress, uniform, &c. 9.
jjU^b ^tf^^ hdhhiydn, m. a patron. ».
j^b ham, a builder, an architect, a composer,
" author, founder, a.
t3b TH!^ bam, f. the price paid for a work;
a fabric or manufacture ; ashes ; the name of a yellow
earth with which potters sometimes ornament their
vessels ; the thread with which cloth is woven ; a weight
equal to 80 rupees, h,
ijfO '<in«rt bdni, f. speech, language; name
** of the goddess of eloquence, Saratwati. <.
i3_y>(jM Wl HliiA^ bdnihOfii, f. the price of
weaving, h.
jOj_^b bdnt-kdr, an architect ; a composer, an
author, beginner t an instigator, p.
(jyOj^b hdnt-kdri, f. architecture ; compo-
sition ; commencing a business ; instigation, p.
jb m%tt bd,o, f. wind. bd,o sarnd, n. to be
discharged backwards (wind). bd,o bdndhnd, to prevail
over an adversary by flattery or invective without ar-
gument. ba,o-khdnt, to live in pleasure and enjoyment;
to court one's inspirations; to protract a miserable
existence, s.
•b ^TO^ bd,o or ^T^ bdv, f. the pox, a bubo. h.
^jb WTTT bdmd (v. bdbd), father, bdnfa-jdnf
dcai (atiier. d.
J^
(
^Ijb ^|t|t bawan, the left hand or side. *.
(^^VJOjb '«1I'4N1<4HI^ ba,o-batas, f. calamity,
misfortune, particularly such as is believed to result
from the evil influence of a demon (see dslb). h.
u^^tJj^j^ ba,o bhari-hhal, of no intrinsic
value ; lit. a skin full of wind. d.
cil^jb "^T^JToR bd.o-bhak, \b. prattler, tri-
,0-bhak, ^!
m,o-jhak,j i
tdl^jb ^T^'t*K«ir ba,o-jhak,j fling talker, h.
bjb "ffT^Wi ba,otd,lm. a flag or banner; a
ujb ^T^T bd,otd,j sail ; a sort of armlet
worn by women, s.
(Jj».jb bd-wujud, notwithstanding, bd-wu-
judi-anki, notwithstanding that. p.
.jb bdwar, m. belief, faith, confidence, truth,
credit ; adj. true, credible, hawar-k., to credit, ba-
war-h., to be credible, p.
jjb ''^\AK. bdwar, m. a kind of sweetmeats, h.
|.jb TIMU bdjOrd or bdroard, mad, crazy, s.
i^jj^ bdwarchin, If. a cookmaid or female
jX»-j ,b bdwai-chini,) cook. t. h.
^.rs-j.b bdmarchi, m. a cook, bdmarchi-
"Jfhdna, m. a kitchen, cook-house. " This word seems to
be one of those old Persian or Turkish terms, of which
several are now preserved in the Hindustani, which
are no longer used by or known to the Turks and
Persians. The term implies " confidential person," as
a cook unquestionably should be, particularly in the
East, where life is so frequently attempted by poison."
(Binning), t. [art. t. p.
jCjjoi2«-jjb bdwarchigariy f. the culinary
^Cj.b "^rnsft'Ct bdfOri, name of a tribe of va-
grants to the west of Delhi, h.
jc.jb m^ bd,orl, \
^^-^ , ^ ff. a well, pit. a.
v^^b ^m^T ba,ori,J
jLiJoi.b 'TT^^^S bdyO-sul, m. the cholic. s.
(..i^. b bd-masf, yet, notwithstanding, p. a.
\d,b bd-rvafd, faithful, trustj. p. a.
cLijb '^T^^ bdwag, m. seed-time (same as
ba.oni). h. [tulency. s.
^^jb ^T^jfl^T bd,o-gold, m. the cholic ; fla-
^jb TR^ ba,old or bdwald, mad, crazy, s.
jjjb SfT^^jl bd,oU, f. a large well into which
"people descend to get water; the drag (thing or ani-
mal) with which hawks, dogs, &c., are taught to hunt ;
a trick. bd,oU dena, a. to initiate, h.
Vljjjb TR^'TT bdfOlend, m. the name of a
defect in horses, h.
jj.b WT^"'? bawan (for vdmana), dwarfish,
diminutive ; m. the fifth iucarnation of Vishnu, s.
^^jb ^T^iT bdrvan, fifty-two. h. ^Mwan). s.
b.b ^rr^*TT bdyond or bdwand, dwarfish (see
jjjb Wi^^t bdfOnt, f. seed-time, sowing, fu
96 ) c^b
*b ^T? bdhu or ^T? bdh, f. an arm. «.
sb bdh, f. virility, manhood; coitus, p,
^b ^^T bdhd, a water-course, channel, k.
\ji»^^Aj&b '^?>rRT bdhu-bhushd, f. an armlet,
an ornament worn round the upper arm. s.
Jc\i TT^^T bdhuj, m. sesamum growing wild
or spontaneously, s,
liiJfcb WT?^T bdlmdd, f. the name of a river
said to rise in the Himalaya mountains : probably the
modern Behut, the classical Hydaspes. s.
^b WT^ bdhar or ^if^ bdhiVf without^
foreign, s.
J^\i bdhir, superior, excellent; open, public, a.
Lfcb ^i^<.T bdhard or bdhara, the man who
stands at the well to upset the water from the leathern
bucket or charas, q. v. h.
oysb bdhir-kd, from without, strange, bdhir-
kd sdTfib dyd, Jchabardijo; "a strange gentleman is
arrived, give notice;" an exclamation used by the
darwans or gatekeepers in Calcutta on the arrival of
a stranger, to give notice to the famUy within. In my
time the above sentence was pronounced (by the non-
reading gentry), " Barker sawb aya, cover the Jew !" s.
»^b ^rf^T^ bdhirah, m. the left side (in
sword exercise, &c.). s.
(_c^b ^nrt bdhar'i, a foreigner, a stranger j
outward, s.
bljbb ^la^ bdhulyd, m. 'I plenty, abun-
buAjbb ^reVs^ifT bahulyatd, f.j dance, quan-
tity, s, [one with another, p.
^b iaAam,together,mutually. bd-ham-dlgar,
/j;*''*b ^TIT'T bdhman, a Brahman. *'.
'^A.»ft>b ^l^'rT'^j^ bdhman-hatii, f. name of
"a plant {Ovieda verticellata). s.
j_j^b ^T?nft bdhmant, wife of a Brahman ;
" a Brahmaness ; adj. of or relating to a Brahman.
bdhmani badakh, the chdkwd or Brahmany duck.
bdhmanl cliil, the Brahmany kite, v. garuf. s.
bju^b ^TRRTf bdhmanetd, son of a Brah-
man ; a young Brahman, s.
J^leb ^t?h;55 bdhu-mul, m. the armpit. «.
^b WT^*T bdhan, m. a carriage, s.
^b TT^ bdhan, m. fallow land (root of
bdhnd), h.
bfcb Tr^»n bdhnd, a. to plough, to till ; to
shoot or discharge a weapon ; to comb the hair. h.
J&iWsb ^T?^ bdhu-yuddh, m. close fight,
personal struggle ; boxing, wrestling, s.
t^ b ^T^6a,i, f mistress, lady (among Mah-
rattas) ; a dancing-girl. bd,i-jt, the mother bawd ; the
old abbess ; " la bonne." h.
c^b ^TT^ bd,e or ^1^ bd,i, f. flatulency ; rheu-
matism. bd,i paclml., to be mortified, to be depressed,
to die away. bd,t men bharakna, to prate foolishlj-
bd,i iar7M (see ba,o tarnd). t.
«^b
( 96 )
-^
j»jub THlf hayaUf left (not right) ; m. the
bass part in music, the bass sound (particularly of
the labia, dholak, and pakhawaj, which are played upon
by the left hand), baydn pdnw pujnd, to acknowledge
the cunning of an artful person, s.
L_>ob '^T^qf hayah, apart, separate, strange,
distinct, yih hat bdyah hai, this is another thing ; this
is a horse of another colour, h. [quarter, fi.
i.j^}j "Wnj^ hayah or &a,?i, m. the north-west
«^3^j_yb ^i^f«rcn hd,e-birang, m. name of
a medicinal seed. s.
(\>b hdyad, it is fit, or necessary, bayad-
shdyad, as it should be. p.
(j^.^ ^TT^ hd,is, twenty-two. h.
>b hdyista, that which is becoming or re-
quisite, necessary, p.
^«ob m\*(\ bdytsi, f. the royal army, be-
"cause composed of the troops of the twenty-two subas
or provinces then constituting the Mogul empire ; a
command of 22,000 men. bd.isi tutnd, to attack with
one's whole lorce. h,
«^b ha,i or hdyi', a seller, a merchant, a.
K^b hd,ihd, \
^f.. >• {. a woman, a wiie. a.
y^>y^ ha-lku,j
'!^^ (_f^.'^W^ff^bd,e-gold,m. (8eehd,o-gola).h
^b '^TinT hay an, m. sweetmeat, &o., which
is distributed to friends in marriage feasts, or in com-
memoration of a success, s.
^^.b bd^n (v. hd,oU), a large well. d.
jj[b bd'-in, along with this, although, p.
t^\>, ^TT^^ hd,ini, f. a basket in which
"•nakes are carried about for show, h,
\^,b ^T^T bd,1hd, m. rheumatism, h.
ib^ f^^^ bibdd (for vivdd), m. quarrel,
contest, h.
Sbj ba-bdd, lit. to the wind, cast away. p.
(Ciibj Tf^H}^ bihddi (for vivddi), a disputant,
plaintiff, s. [marriage, s.
i\jj f&|>^|^ bibdh (for vivdh), m. matrimony,
jAJ "W^X hahar,m.oue who crops the manes of
horses, h,
jO hnbar, m. a lion, a tiger, bi-bar (imper.
of burdan), bear or carry thou. p.
^K^J^ bdbarji, "Vm. {^or hdwnrcht), a cook;
i^ji-^ baharcht,} so babarji-kJidnaf a cook-
■ house or kitchen, p. [dissension, ft.
i^ji^^j^ Mm.\^(\ babrd-kheri, f. quarrelling,
jj JO f^TTjr bibnran (for vivaran), m. inter-
pretation, explanation, a. [colour. «.
joH^ f^^ hiharn (for mvamd), faded in
'J_j JO ^f^^irfl bahrutd, m. a clown, lout,
bumpkin, a dumsy youug man. h.
^jjXi ^s[^^ hahri, f. cropped hair, tresses;
the act of cropping (particularly the manes of hones). A.
ijji'^ babari, leonme or tigerish j canixje^
savage, p.
(_^^ ^^r^iaJwri,") f. the name of a tree of
j^xi '^r^ bahur, Hhe mimosa kind. (There
Jj-J ^^q5' babul, J are several species : the
commonest is the Arabica, Rox.) ; the acacia tree. The
babul produces also a valuable gum, and its bark,
being a powerful astringent, is used in tanning by
chamdrs, q. v. s. [of fondness, ft.
\^ WWm babuwd, m. a child, a boy (a term
j^ ^ hahhnr, large, great, tawny, &c. j
bald-headed through disease ; m. a large ichneumon :
the name of a sage ; a tawny or brown colour. «.
blx^,> ^vr^l huhhukshd, f. hunger. *.
C.»M.\(^f? W«f^ bubhuhshit, hungry, s.
fi^ "^^rft babhni, f. (see bdmhni), a stye
" on the eyelids, a lizard, h.
^^jo f^v^^ bibhaw (for vibhav), m. substance,
wealth ; power, grandeur, s.
^.f) ^ habai, m. the seed of a sweet-scented
"herb {Ocymumpilosum, Roxb.); name of & bird. ».
-.jj ^g^ babbtf f. a kiss. h.
^«*JJJ <1^4d babesi, f. the piles, h.
IjumJuo of^p^nn babesiyd or bawesiyd, talking
nonsense ; m. a catamite, h,
(-iJuuJ r^T^oR bibek, m. 1 discriminationjdis-
bkiojo f%^oBHT^?ieAa<a, f.J creti on, sense. »•
iouj r«l^aKl h/hehl, discreet, prudent, s.
V>^\s> ^Tn^t«n bapd hond, to be raised, esta-
blished, pitched, h.
Cl.\:^ hiipt or bapat, hidden, secret, d.
CL^, f^TJTT bipat, ] .
^' - . . M- calamity, misfortune,
(Jl*-J f^^f^ bipalU, ^
IJL^ f^'TTTTT bipid,
jX> f^T^ hipr (for vipi-a), a man of the sacer-
dotal caste, a Brahman, s.
\jf^ WTCT hapurd, helpless, distressed, k.
bju f^Ti'TJ hipar7id, a. to attack, to assault, h,
«J1a) o^ ftrrnfhT bi-parlt, contrary, opposite ;
f. mischief, ruin. «.
^^ O^Mc^' i?pa/, m. a measure of time, a se-
cond, or (as some say) one-sixth of a second. $.
^jaJlo ^T'}^ bapans, m. patrimony, a father's
share, s.
Jl^ W^irt bapauti or bapotl, f. paternal
" estate, patrimony, heritage. A. [bath. ,v.
U^ "TiRITJ bayhdrd, m. vapour, vapour-
bj^ f'nSfn hiphai'nd, n. to be perversa
refractory, cross, irritated, obstinate, pert «.
danger, mischief, s.
''"»♦
C VJ )
^^ ;*-) f^ hiphai (for vrikaspati), m.
" Thursday. A.
jjAAJ ^^Tft bapaifi, f. paternal estate, s.
(J1.0 f%lT&zY orf^ &z7< (for vitt), m. wealth,
substance, ability, power, means, s.
CLo ^IT but, m. a hazard table ; a blow with
the fist. h.
CL>^ but, m. an idol (hence, figuratively, a
beloved woman; a darling), hut-parast, an idolater
but-parasti, idolatry, hut-tardsh, a maker of idols, p-
ClO baty m. a line drawn to distinguish se-
parate names in a catalogue, or articles in an account, p,
uIa^ "^bat, m. the worm which is so destruc-
tive to shipping {Teredo) ; contraction of hat, a word
(used in composition), as bat-bdhari, external, foreign.
bat-barhd,o, m. prolixity, talkativeness, chicanery,
wrangle, bat-band, an orator, a sophist, bat-kahdo,
m. talk, conversation. Contraction of bdt, wind, used
in composition, as bat-sonhd-k,, a. to ventilate, h.
\lh f%^T bitia, m. a span, a hand's breadth, h.
Uo ^^ butta, m. overreaching, fraud, trick,
take in. buttd-dend, to overreach, h.
\jJ Wi(T bata, m. a bamboo lath ; a thin slip
of bamboo; an Oblong stone on which powders are
levigated, h,
d.\^ 'WKJJj^ butarad, a name given to an extra
cess upon the cultivator, h.
(_^ljj «(ril9 batds, f. wind, air. batas-pheni,
f. a kind of sweetmeats, sugarcakes. *.
Urtljo ^?n^ or ^TTT^n batasa, m. a kind of
sweetmeats, sugarcakes (of a spongy texture, q d. filled
with air) ; a bubble filled with water, h.
IjSjIjJ batdsha, m. (see batdsd),a. bubble,&c. h.
j^ljo <fri|^ batdn, place of assemblage of
cattle at night in an open field, h.
IJlJo ^iTHI batdna, a. to point, to shew, to
explain, to teach ; to appear ; m. an upper turban ; a
small bracelet of metal, h.
^\jjfwirr^hJtdnd,a.to pass (time), to spend, s.
lill) TrIT*TT butdnd, ^ . . , ,
,. '.."^ fa. to extmguish. h.
UjljJ Tfn^»TT butd,ona,j
^AJaSj^.lJo hatdwl mmftw, m. the shaddock, h.
sjls^"? hut-khana, an idol temple, p.
Jo W?R batar, land in a state fit for the
plough, h.
Jx> batar or battar, worse, very bad (con-
tracted from bad-tar), p
Jx> batar, curtailed (animal) ; destitute of
good qualities (see abtar). a.
^Ci^\Jxi iT^^f^ bitrd-bandi (v. bila-bandt),
a kind of settlement, h.
i^\S> but-tardsh, an idol-maker, a statuary.^.
U^jl) TiTTRT batrdnd, a. to converse, talk. s.
/o jJ^. fffTOT bitaran (for vitarari), m. giving
charity, alms, a donation, t.
^»J^ ftfrfi,*iT bitarnd, a. to bestow, to grant, s.
ImJo ^rU'I batsd, m. a kind of rice. k.
J— J^ 4rMc2& batsal (for vatsal), kind,loving. s.
C^ ^Tr«F batak, f. (v. uiUa^), a duck. p.
5iiiob but-kada, an idol temple, a pagoda, p.
j5oJ MA^i batakkar, loquacious, talkative, h,
Ijioo '^oR^ bat-kahd, loquacious, conver-
sible. h.
jl^jk^ vfricl i jg l^ bat-kahd,o, m. "1 loquacity,
iv^ WiToF^ bat-kahi, f. J conversi-
" bleness, discourse, dialogues, h.
IS^lob ^Tf^TffT batldnd, a. to shew, to explain,
to point out, to teach, to inform, h
Jb Jbbittam-bittam, bit by bit, gradually, d.
\Xvfmr^bitnd (see bttnd), n.to pass,elapse. .t.
li^jjo ba-tang, lit. in straltness. ba-tang and
or hond, to be in great distress, p. [dung. h.
l.yj f^iTTTT bitaurd, m. a heap of dried cow-
^JJ^^ W^ batauri, f. a flatulent or oede-
matous swelling, h.
(^ yo ?"aTt baturl, f. a species of chana
(q. V.) ; a small kind of grain, h.
i^jyi^ ^nflX5T 6a<oran,^gathering or collect-
^^ W^^^ batolan,) ing the grain in the
time of harvest, h. [a nan- «
Jyj batul, f. a virgin averse to matrimony,
^J^ ^fft^ batoli, f. buffoonery. A.
jjyo ■^fTJft baiuni, a tattler, an idle talker. A.
^^j^ ^TT^t«T batwon, the preparation of land
for the reception of the seed, h,
{^ "f^vn bithd, f. pain ; affliction, s.
AajJ fV'IK'n bUhdrnd, a, to cause to scat-
ter, to cause to sprinkle, h.
^jX^i^ f^W^ hithdri, f cleansing the warp. A.
li^jAjJ f^^rTT*TT bithrdnd, a. to scatter, to
sprinkle. /(.
Uj^Jo f^^^ bitharnd, or fsf^l'^n bithumd,
n. to be scattered, to be sprinkled, h.
\f^ ? Vf4< T bathu,d, m. name of a kind of
greens (Cfienopodium album) ; also a kind of weed which
grows with the spring crops in the vicinity of water, h.
\x^ •^f^^\ batklyd, a heap of dried cow-
dung, h.
^ ^ bail, f. a word, speech, t.
.^ T?ft hatjz, f. a cfindle; a wick; a match ;
- a tent or bougie ; a stick (of sealing-wax), s.
^ butfi, f. provision for a journey, buttl
lekar chaudhir dhundnu, to go in earnest search (of any
thing), d. [high. h.
Juo f^'fwn hittiya, m. a dwarf, i.e. a span
01*::^ ^fiT^TfTT hatiyana, a. to speak, to talk,
to say, to converse, h.
JL^kjkjj f^rrtiT bitit, passed, gone, elapsed, s.
j^xx> ^^hl battls, thirty-two. h.
L«JkJo ^^W battha, m. a medicine composed
of thirty-two ingredients, usually given to mares after
foaling, h,
,<-«JuO W^^ baitlsi, f. any aggregate, con-
" sistingof thirty -two parts, hence, a set of teeth, batt'isi,
dikhdnd, a. to shew the teeth, to laugh ; to scoff or
make faces at any one. h.
viLo "^Z bat, m. name of a tree (Ficus Indica) ;
a single caufi, s.
kilo ^Z bat, m. tripe; twist; a wrinkle or
fold of the abdomen ; (in comp.) contracted for hat, a
road, as hai-paf, a highwayman. In Dakh. a weight
made of metal or hard stone to weigh with (v. baf-
khard). h.
(JLo ^ bat, m. ^a partition, division : in
^j\l>'^Z\%bata,l,f.j revenue language, di-
vision of the crop between the cultivator and zamln-
dar. batd,t-ddr, a cultivator who shares his crop with
tne zamlndar. h.
Sj "Wip batta, m. deficiency ; exchange or dis-
count ; defect,blemish, injury, offence ; a ball (of wood
or stone) ; a box in which gems are kept, batte-bdz, a
juggler, a trickster, hatte-hdxi, f. juggling, trickery,
(Tabterfuge. battd dhdr and battd dhal, level, even. h.
\h '^fZlK batar, name of a tribe of Gujars,
q. V. h. [lusion, &c. (v. satta-battd). h.
IjUiVjb batta-satta, m. a kind of armour, col-
our f^Zl^bitana, a. to scatter, to sprinkle, h.
U\jb batana,\m. a pea, called in Urdu,m«<ar
aj\jO batana,} (q. v.). d.
jll) "^ZT^hatUjU, m. a traveller; (in Dakh.)
a highwayman, s. [ropes, &c. (v. bat), h.
(_|\^ miX batnji, f. hire paid for twisting
^ .'i\ f^Z^ bitap, a tree, a twig. s.
jOtii*^ ^iMK batpar,'\m. highwayman, vil-
jbtJiLo '■'TT^Tf &a<pa.r,j Iain, footpad, h.
^gh^JU> 'CiMlO batpari, ^ f. highway rob-
^Ti'bcLo ^^T^T^*^ bat-pan,) bing. h.
di battakh, m. a duck (v. liilo). h.
Vip^ Wi\«!l batuma, to be collected together, h.
^<jO '^Z^'^atri, f. a small cup. h.
C 98 ) ^
l;^^^ ^ZW^ batkhara, m. a weight to weigh
with (alsti written batkara or batkkara). h.
^j^Jo rS6<5«n!j bit-lavan, m. a kind of medi-
cinal salt. s.
^^JO "WZ^"^ batlohi, or batlo,i, f. a brass
vessel in which Hindus dress their food. h.
jW^ ^3HK bat-mar, a highwayman, bat-
rndfi, highway robbery, h. [pulse, t.
(_j*»L»Jo f<fJHT^ bitmas, m. a coarse species of
\fj^ '^Z^^T^ bat-mogra, m. the double jas-
mine (Jasminum z'amba:). h.
\j^? *!'<Jr|| bafna, a. to twist, to form by con-
volution (as ropes); to divide, share; to gain, make
profit ; n. to be divided, to be twisted ; m. an instru-
ment with which ropes are twisted, h.
^^j^ ^Tf*nn bataniya, m. proprietor of a bat,
a shareholder, h.
\^ '^7'ST batu,a or batwa, m. a purse, a small
bag, generally used for holding betel-nut, &c. ; a brass
vessel in wich Hindus dress their food, h,
\yb f^T^ bitwa, m. a son. h.
\^ mA\X. batwar (also batrval), a tax ga-
therer who collects a tax levied in kind ; a customs or
police officer stationed on the road for collecting
transit duties, h.
J^l^jb '^T^ror batwara, m. a share, the parti-
tion or division of lands, division of a crop in shares, h.
UiJb if^<lHl batwdna, a. to cause to twist,
&c. h. [resort, h.
j^h ^ZtK bator, ra. a gathering, a crowd, a
\j^ ^zfu bitaura, m. a heap of the cakes
of dried cow-dung. h.
(jjy^ ^r7rt«T batoran, gathering or heaping
grain in one place at the time of harvest, h,
\3.^ ^TrtfT batornd, a. to gather up, to col-
lect, to purse, to accumulate (in Dakh. bafolnd). h.
i^jyJ^, f^T^^ft bitanri, f. a tav on shopkeepers
&c. in a village, h. [&c. d.
jJjjb batolan (v. batoran), gathering grain,
Xi^ f^t\'^\ bitond, a. to scatter, to sprinkle ;
ra. a son (see bitwa). h.
>y^ '^Zt^batoht,m. a traveller, wayfarer, .s.
fti) ^ batta, an extraordinary allowance
paid the military when on field duty. Also, the agio
allowance, or rate of expenditure, between rupees of
different species, h.
^J^^ W!m bathdn, pasture grounds, h.
\JIax> f%TRT bithdnd, a. to cause to sit down,
to set, settle, h.
(.ii^jb f^fT^ bithak, m. an ant hill. h.
O^k^S^ fq<icjM *n bithldnd, to cause to be seat-
ed, to make one sit down. h.
U^S^ Wfr^ bithna, n. (for haithnd), to sit. h.
-^
( 99 )
^
^j^4^ ^J«TI bathna, n. to enter: (in Dakh.)
to be twisted, plaited, or woven together, as ropes, h.
y^ WS^ bathUfO, or bathuwa, a kind of
herb, h
^A^ ^7^ batha,l, f. the art of making gold
"thread, also bata,i. h. [spirits, h.
Jb "W^ battt, f. a candle; a still for distilling
J^ f^f^^ bitiya, f. a daughter. .?.
V^ "^TTT batya, f. a silken cord adorned with
three fringes, which women use to tie their hair be-
hind. /(. [alley ; a small measure of weight, h.
xjO wfTiIT bathja, f. a narrow passage, an
\>iJj^ ^Tr»I batte-baz,m.&i\xgg\eY. batte-
bazl, f. performance of a juggler, slight of hand. ft. p.
xjo "WZX. better, ra. i. a kind of quail (Perdio?
olivacea. Buck). «.
jM)Jb ^TR bates, m. a passage, pathway, h.
AJijjub 'fl^rVi batenth, m. the proprietor or
holder of a share J^same as bafaniya). h.
CJ^\j^^ ^isntm bajr-aghat, (lightning-
struck , any sudden calamity, especially if viewed as a
judgment from heaven, s.
yhjA '^'^X^ bajar-battu, m. name of a fruit ;
a large kind of seed, of which necklaces are made. k.
uL^W^f: W^SMTT bajar-bhang, m. tobacco, h.
" This appears to have been the first name given to the
weed, which was introduced into India, as is supposed,
in the time of Jehanghire. It has now been superseded
by the European name— see tambdku." (Binning.'
cLkA^jfi ^WoF^? bajrhit, m. (lit. "lightning-
insect"), a species of the armadillo, called by natu-
ralists Pangolin or Manis ; and sometimes " the scaly
ant-eater". — It is termed in the Dakhn! dialect khauld-
mdnjd. (Binning), s.
i,i/')j^ '^W^ hajrang, m. a title of Hanu-
man. $.
iji^y^. ^551^ bajrangi, f. a kind of tilak, or
"mark, made on a Hindu's forehead with red lead. h.
».si! bajra, m. a pleasure-boat (v. bajra). h.
^j^, f^^ bijri, f (v. bijVi), lightning. «.
si ba-ja, in place, all right, proper, true, ac- j J^, ba-juz, besides, except, p
curate, becoming, fit. p.
.Isi fw»TTC bijar, m. a bull, a stallion, /i.
jJUi '^'iTToF bajak, m. a kind of serpent, h.
i)\j^, f%»TT5JT bijald, seedy, turned to seed,
abounding in seed. s.
O^U; ^ ailtj^R T ba-ja-lana (in Pers. ba-ja
awardan,), a. to perform, to obey, to execute, to ac-
complish, p. h.
jj^ f^^'^'^bijrt,^.\'\ghtmng; athunder-bolt.^.
lis2 ^*T«TT bajna, n. to be sounded (a bell or
gong &c.) ; das baje, ten have sounded, i.e. it is ten
o'clock ; to be famous ; m. a rupee (used among
brokers), h.
U*2 '^iT»TT bujna, m. a cloth used by men-
struous women, a pessary, h.
Us2 f%»T»n bijtia, m. a fan, a punkah, s.
^^Irfi 5a-jan, to the heart, soul, or life, ba-jan \ Jijjf, bajantar, m. (\. bajantri), d.
amadan, to be in imminent danger or distress, ba-jdn ^Jj^ 't^'jf ,^^ bajantri, m. one who plajS
ranjldan, to be vexed to the soul. p. Sf •• " , i. i. * • • j
. •' • ' _ upon musical instruments ; f. a tax on musicians and
IJUj ^WRT bajana, a. to sound, to play upon
an instrument of music ; to perform, to execute, h.
131*: bujana (for bujhana q. v.), to extin-
guish, &c. h.
j^liJ ba-jd,e, in place of, by way of. p.
c/*^ fw»n^ bijdft, f. a portion of seed corn
which the poorer classes are allowed to take from the
field, h. [ment for the arm ; a bracelet, h,
^^lai fTnrnr? bijayath, m. a kind of orna-
\3\j*:^. ^nrrSTT^T baj-bajdnd, n. to effervesce
with noise in putrefying, h.
yjA bajattar, 'I m. (for bajantri, &c. q. v.)
^c.jk:<l bajattari,) a musician, &c. s.
U»fcJj^ ba-jidd-hond, n. to be importunate,
to insist upon any thing ; to tempt, to urge (a per-
son), a. h.
^ ^351 bajr (for vajr'), m. a thunder-bolt; a
diamond ; adj. hard, bajr paj-e us par, &c., may light-
ning fall OD him, &c. ; this is used in cursing any
body. s.
\-il ^im bajra, m. a boat for travelling in, a
pleasure boat (of a larger kind, q.d. heavy or hard),
commonly called " budge-row ". /(.
female dancers, bajantri-mal^all, m. the quarter inha-
bited by musicians ; a brothel, h.
jo^jctf ba-jins, in kind, in some sort. p. a.
^J^, ■'R'Tt bajarii or bajrii, f. quarrel, fight ;
"uproar, a row. h.
^ biju (also biju bd,ord), m. (v. beju), an
animal that feeds on dead carcases, the Indian
badger ; (some say the ichneumon), Ursus Indicus. h.
\>\^, W«f<(l<n bajwdnd, a. to cause to sound,
to cause to play on an instrument, h,
iy\=»iJ ^*ftT*n bajornd, a. to strike, smite, a.
cL^ f^nftT bijog (forvijog), m. separation,
absence (especially of lovers); adj. parted, separate, s.
^S^, f^»ftnt bijogi, wretched, one who is se-
■■ parated (from his beloved, &c.). s.
l^i! ^*Kj bajhd, m. marshy soil. h.
C^l^i; W«H]RiT bujhdrat, adjustment of ac-
counts, h,
\J\4fJ ^«WJ«n bujhana, a. to extinguish, to
put out ; to damp or depress one's courage, to quench
one's thirst, as piyas bujhana. h.
h2
^,
( 100 )
Ci^
*^^?t ^H!,l»fr bujhand a. (caus. of hujhna),
to explain, to infuse into the mind, to demonstrate,
to push as with argument, to persuade, to cause to
believe, to take to. h.
^^^ ?Wn hajhana, a. (also hajhawana
or bajhd.ond), to entangle, to ensnare (as game), to
entrap, h. [again, h,
A^A-A^ bujhbujharval, m. a riddle, guess
\n^. 3»lle*.i hiijahrd, m. a vessel for warm
water, h.
liK^ f^ift^TPn hijhhdnd, a. to frighten, to
scare, to alarm, h.
Ux^d; f^HiofcHI hijhahnd, n. to be alarmed,
to be startled, h.
»l^4^ f^>tn.'ii5 hijhgdh, a scarecrow, h.
U^ 5*K*T1 bujhnd, n.lo be extinguished, to be
put out (as fire, a lamp), to be quenched (thirst), to be
dejected (the spirits), h.
li^ ''?*fi«rT hajhnd, to be ensnared, to be
caught (as game) ; to stick, h.
CL>^^ '^^^ hajhwat, a- sfallc with ear. h.
Ijo^^ ^%Tin hiijhonid, an abstract account
of a village proprietary, h.
Ijt)^^ f^SfvtffTT hijhoniyd, name of a tribe
of raj-puts in Jaunpur. h. [burthen, h.
jjj^^ ^'^^S bujhail, laden ; beast, &c,, of
jc-f: f^^ ft?j'ai (for w?;V/?/a),ni. triumph, bijai-
"dasanit, the victorious tenth; the tenth of aji72 5/2u/;/
Paksh ; the anniversary of Rama's victory over Ravana.«,
Ua2 frftnn hijiyd or bijayd, m. hemp, bhang
{Cannabis sativa). s.
.^Josi '4»|1<IT; baji-ddr, an agricultural servant
who take? corn as a recompense for his labour, h,
(_^ f^xft bijayi (for vijayi), vanquisher, con-
queror, s.
4 f^ bich (for hicK), in the midst, among. «.
£ "^^ bach or vach, f. orris root. s.
^ ^nr badly an inferior tribe of raj-puts in
the district of Jaunpilr. fi,
Irf ¥^ bachd or tf^ bachcha, m. a child :
a young animal, bachche wall mur^J, the hen with
her chickens ; the constellation of the Pleiades, p.
bU; W^\^ bachdpa, m. safety, escape, deli-
verance, h.
j^ ft'^R bichar (for vichdr), m. contriv-
ance, consideration, reflection, judgment, opinion,
thought, will. ».
\j\^ bichara (for be-chdra), helpless, p,
Ojl^. fV^TTTT bkharat (for vichdrat), part,
reflecting, thinking, i.
OjUl f^^TfrrT hlchdrit (for vichdrii), judged.
considered, matured. «.
Li3.l^ f'f'n^oir bichdvak, an inspector, in-
▼Citjgator, judge, s.
^^ f%"«*i<iT bichdrnd, a. to consider, to
reflect, to investigate, to comprehend, to think, to ap-
prehend, to conceive, s. [helpless, p
8,1*5 bichdra (for be-chdra)^ without resource,
*^^ f<f^TA bichdrya, fit for consideration. »
1^^ f^^ToSt bichdli, f. straw. A.
ul^ ^^rr*TT bachdnd, a. to save, to preserve,
to reserve, to protect ; to save, to spare ; to defend, to
guard, to conceal, to leave, (for bajdna), to sound a
musical instrument h.
j^ "^^^ bachd,o or bachdv, m. safety, pro-
tection ; escape, deliverance, h.
^J^. T^^T*T bach-pan, m. childhood, infancy. A.
Jx^, fwf^"? bichitr (for vichitra), various ;
wonderful, s.
^j^. '^^^^(\ Z/ac/t<i, f remainder; surplus, re-
" sidue ; end, conclusion, h.
X>j^^ f^^xy{\ bicharnd, to detail, bichar
bichar kar bolnd, to speak in full detail. A.
<.ii^ f^^oF bichak, disappointment ; fright,
alarm, h.
U\S52 f^r^oJfT«n bichhdnd, a, to baulk, to dis-
appoint, to break one's promise, (in Dakh.) to frighten,
to terrify or threaten, h.
b\S^ "^^ajricTT hachhdnd, small (generally ap-
plied to shoos and clothes) ; m. a danciog boy. h.
j^Okrfl ^^oFTrft bachhdnl, f a girl adopted by
an old prostitute, p. [children, &c h.
J>^^ ^'WoR^ bach-hach (generally Aac/i-tacA),
iJkX^ f^r^r^S!{[bichahnd, u. to be disappointed,
baulked ; to sprain ; to run away, to retrejit ; to with
draw a consent which has been given, (in Dakh.) to
start, to be afraid, h.
Ux^ ft^"*^ bichhannd, m. an ornament
worn in the anterior lobe of the ears. h.
^j\ij2 bachagdn or bachchagdn, ciiildren,
young one's (Pers. pi. of bachcha). p.
&3l.C*2 bachchagdna, fit for children ; in n
childish manner, bachchaganl, f. a child's toy or play-
thing, p. i^tribe. //.
(3^j^ M^ilif) bach-gutt, name of a rdj-put
^S^. bachchagi f. infancy, childliood. p.
DAs; f^T^cSiTT bichalnd, n. to broak one's pro-
mise, to slip, to infringe, to turn, to bend. *.
Uk*^ f^^nnrT hichnmndy a. to tease or torment
one witli questions, h.
j^5J '^'^Tfi bachan, m. speech, talk, discourse*
word ; promise, agreement, bachan band kar lena or
bandh k., to bind by promise, bachan band, or bandh,
hond, to promise, to be agreed upon, bachan pdlnd, to
abide by a promise, bachan iopid, a. to bieuk one's
word, bachan chhornd, to break one's promise, bachan
dfiiu, a. to promise, to agree, bachan ddhid, a. to
()uestion. to ask, to inquire, bachan lend, to receive a
promise, bachan vidrud, to conclude an agreement
bachan mdnnd, to obey, bachan nihhdnd, to abide by a
promise, bachan hdrnd, to promise, to agree, to give
one's word. t.
uf-
C 101 )
Jf^
Lwjl ^^»n hachna, n. to be saved or spared,
to escape, to remain unexpended, bach-rahna, to
avoid, to take care against. //.
cL/U^ T^TIT bachnag, name of a vegetable
poison, s. [espoused. *.
C->t5(^^ ^''T'T^ hachan-datta, betrothed,
I^s2 h?chu,a, m. name of a plant, d.
(j,^^. fV^'T'pft hichwarii, 1 m. one who in-
Ia)^^ f^^f^^n hichauliya, Herposes, a me-
(_^^^ f^^^ bichma,t, J diator, an um-
pire, an arbitrator ; an agent or ambassador. *.
a>^ hachcha, m. the young of any animal, an
infant, a child, hachcha-dan, m. the womb, bachhe-
wdli murgh'i, f. the hen and chickens ; a name given to
the Pleiades, p.
.^ "^^^hachh, or V^^ '^^^bachhd, m. a calf.s.
l!Jl^ fW'SrnTT bichchata, m. a stinging-
nettle {Urtica mterrupta). h.
uj;5 l^ pgig^l ^»n bichhd-dena, a. to spread ;
met. to knock down, to drub, to floor, h.
^^4^ fV3[T«n bichhdnd, a. to spread ; m. a
bed, bedding, carpet (Dakh. bichhdnaA). h.
j^b*^ bachcha-ddn, ra. the womb, p,
tjA^ W^RT bachhrd, m. a calf. h. bichhrd
(Dakh.) separation.
U^^^ "ftraTRT bichhurdnd, a. to cause to be
separated, to Separate or sunder (actively), s.
uLJfcij^i^ bichhurdhat, f. separation, act of
separating. Also bickhardhaf. s.
l!> ,^^ f^y^l hichhin^nd or ftTBnCyTT bichharnd,
n. to be separated, or set apart, to slide, to slip, to turn
away the face. s.
J j4f? ^"^^ bachhru, m. a calf or colt. s.
\j^^. 'ftrSffT bichhard, m. 'I separating, se-
C->Vv^ frSJTTJ bichhardtff.j paration, part-
ing asunder, s. '
li^vA^ fw^iMT bichhardnn, a. to cause to be
separated ; to part or divide (actively), s.
^k^ 1%^^^ bichhurdyO, m. act of parting i
or separating, separation, s. [away. s.
eLJftVv^ bichhrdhat, fem. separation, turning
^vA^ fTSfT5TT bichhurnd or f^di H I bichhar-
na, n. to be separated, to turn away. *.
Sj^s^' ^^1" bachhru, m. a colt, a calf. s.
Vii^^ fTS[^«TT bichhalnd, n. to be separated ;
to slip, to slide ; to slip out of place, to sprain ; to turn
away the face. h.
.jk^^ f^a^T hichhnd, n. to he spread, h.
■JJ'\x^:f; ^-odiHIM bachchh-ndg, m. name of a
vegetable poison, s.
»^ <V^ bichchhu, '\m, a scorpion, the sign
L^5i f^'?5^niicMM,a,J Scorpio. «.
'^^ f^'if^lF bichhu,a, m. a sort of dagger ;
a small stiletto with a curved or serpentine blade ; an
ornament worn on the toes. h.
Ul^^ f^t^c^Ht bichhmdnd, a. to cause to
spread, k.
^'^^ 'fTcffT«n bichhornd, a. to separate, h.
13_54^ f^^^T bichhaund or f^ffNT bichhond,
m. bedding, carpeting, /j.
U3^^ Tsff^T bachhontd, m. distribution of
an aggregate sum on several individuals, h.
5^^ frsitf bichhoh, '\m. separation, ab-
Ifc^^ f^'SrtfT bichhohd,} sence. A.
iS^^, bichhuyl, f. a ring or ornament worn
on women's toes. d.
^^4^ ^^ bachht, a female young animal, jo,
U^^ wfBJ'n bachhiyd (diminutive of bachht),
f. a female calf. A.
1;<4^ T^^ bachherd,\
t" /^ _-5u„ 1, Z.Z. - I™' a colt. A.
iji^ ^^FfT bachhera,)
i_fM^ ▼^^ bachheriA
'^ ^.A , ; , - K. a foal, filly. A.
(.^U^ T«{fT bachhen,) •'
ul^U: bahhds, a great disputer, controvertist,
arguer. a.
jU; &i/iar (pi. of^), seas, gulfs, &c. a.
Jls; ba-hdl, happy, flourishing, prosperous ;
reinstated (as in service) ; restoration to a former con-
dition, or continuing in the present state, p. a.
i^^. ba-hdli adj. of or relating to a former
state; f. restoration to a former state or con-
dition. ha-Jidll sanad, a grant restoring a person to
the possession of something that he has been deprived
of, or confirming to him what he at present enjoys, p.
c^Aii bahs, f. argument, discussion, alterca-
tion, controversy, discussion. baJ^s-k., to dispute, a.
^:sJu^ bahsd-bahsi, f. controversy, discus-
'"sion, argumentation, a.
\j^, brihasnd,^. to argue, to dispute j to talk. a.
i^i; ba-hadd, or sb ^ji^, ba-hadde ki, to such
a degree that ; so that. p.
•^ buhr, m. a sea, a gulf, a bay j f. metre
in prosody ; a fleet, a.
^j^^ buhrdn, m. the crisis of any disease (as
fever, &c.). a,
iSj^' bahri, maritime, naval ; (for bahri), a
kind of falcon, a.
Kr?j^ bahrain, lit, the two seas, generally
applied to the Mediterranean and the Euxine : it alao
applies to the two waters, viz. the fresh and the salt. a.
L«>i**3; ba-hasb or ba-hasbe ki, according to,
in accordance, in such a way that. p. a.
/i^, ba-haJik or ba-hakki, on account of j in
the case of. p. a.
c^
( 102 )
«>>
j»X*j ba-kukm or ba-hukmi, under the com-
mand of; by dint of. p. a, [lution. p.
(J^ bihil,(forbi-hil,'^]etQ.\one,'')pardon, abso-
^Jlltiv*^ ba-hamd Illaht, by the grace of God,
God be praised that, a,
ijf^, buhaira, a small sea or inland lake. a.
jliC bukhar, m. steam, mist, fog ; glowing
heat from the ground, or such as is felt in a fever ; va-
pour, exhalation, bukfrnr-nikalna, n. to break out (as
an eruption on the skin), bukhar dil meA rakhna, a. to
entertain enmity or malice in the heart, a.
ijlisi bukhara, name of a town and country ;
the ancient Bactria. p.
i^\^ bukhari, of or relating to Bukhara, a
native of Bukhara, p.
CIa*: baMt, m. fortune, prosperity, luck, fe-
licity, bakht-dwar, fortunate, bakht-bali, lucky, for-
tunate, bakht-bazi, f. trying one's fortune, bakht
jalnd, to lose one's luck, to become unfortunate, bakht-
btddr, one whose fortune is wide awake, a prosperous
person, bakht-bargashia, unfortunate, bakhf-khufta,
one whose fortune is asleep, unlucky, p.
Ll*j^, bukht, m.'l a quick-paced camel (gene-
^p6 bukhti, f. J rally used to ride on, and not
" for burthens), a.
jUiii hakktiyar, fortunate,prosp.erous. bahJiti-
ydr'i, f. prosperity, good fortune, p.
\jA, baTihra, ^m. share, portion, lot, allow-
1>JA bakhra, j ance. p.
i^M bakhrt, "1
L , ,, . /-partner, sharer, p.
C^.JA bakhrait,) ' ^
(jiJtf bakhsh, m. gift, donation j pay ; pardon
or forgiveness ; share, portion, lot. bakhsh dena, to
give, to bestow ; in comp. it denotes giving, bestow-
ing, forgiving, as samar-bakhsh, productive of fruit,
tdj-bakhsh, bestowing a diadem, p.
\>\JL.i^ bakshana, a. to cause to give; to procure
pardon for another, p.
jjtjli.itf bakhsha.ish, f.afavour,forgiveness./>.
^Ji-iitf bakhshish, f. a gift, gratuity, bakh-
shish-nama, a deed of gift. p.
li-litf bakhshna, a. to give, to bestow, to grant,
to spare, to pardon or forgive, p,
euO(j£ig bakhsh-nama, m. a deed of gift. jo.
^^SjJLJ^, bakhshandagi, f. liberality, gene-
' rosity ; forgiveneBS. p.
ti^JJLlA bahhshanda^ he who bestows ; God,
the forgiven p. [forgiven p. h.
\J^^^^tJi.^ bakhshan-hard, m. thebe8tower,the
fj^ bakhshl, m. (lit. the giver), a pay-
"mastcr; n general, commander-in-chief, bajchshi.ul-
maindlik, a title or rank, equivalent to commander-in-
chief. baMisht-lcJiava, m. the pay-office ; the general's
office. iiaift*/'«y''"* "'?'""• t''<5 supreme commanders, p.
Olxiitf bakh-shiydt, name of a division of
the Jaunpur district, p,
^jcVAJLig bakhshldan, to bestow ; to forgive, p.
t^fij^^. bakhshi-gari. f. office of general, p.
^*; buhhl, m. parsimony, stinginess, ava-
rice, sparingnesB. a. [sition. p. a.
(—J^JjS; ba-khildf, on the contrary, in oppo-
i^y^. ba-khubif in perfection, thoroughly, p.
i^ii ba-hJmd, lit. to or into self, ba-hhud dfia,
to come to one's self or one's senses, p.
j^ti bakhur, m.perfume,odour,frankincense. a.
j>*»y4 ba-hhushi, with pleasure j joyfully, p.
jiJi- ba-khair, in welfare, well, good. p. a.
jAif? bakhlr. m. report, news, intelligence, d.
(Jjiatf bahhil, a miser, a niggard, a.
jjjkii baJthili, f. stinginess, niggardliness, a.
^uatf bakhiya. m. a kind of stitching ; quilt-
ing, sewing very thick and strong, p.
1^ bad, evil, bad; much used in the formation
of compounds ; as, bad-ajcttar, of an unlucky star,
unfortunate, bad-akhldk, of bad habits, bad-uslub,
ill-shaped, ill-made ; of evil conduct, bad-asl or bad- '
usul, low-born, bad-aiwdr, ill-mannered. bad~qf,al,
of evil deeds, bad-i'tikdd, mistrustful, bad-atidesh,
inimical, evil-minded, bad-djn, of ill manners, ob-
serving no religious precepts. bad-l)fltin, internally
evil, bad-bakht, unlucky, unfortunate, bad-bar, evil-
minded or disposed, iad-fctt, foetid; f. stink, bad-parhez
not controlling one's inclinations and passions; in
temperate, bad-chdll, of bad conduct, bad-chashm,
malignant, envious, coveting other men's goods, par-
ticularly wives. bad-Jfdl, in bad circumstances, ill-
conditioned, bad-hawass, senseless, stupified. bad-
Jchisdl or bad-]chaslat, of a bad disposition. bad-]chatt,
writing ill. bad-]chulk, of evil nature, ill-disposed.
bad-kh), of bad habits, bad-khwdh, wishing evil, bad-
du'd, f. curse, bad-dil, stlspicious. bad-dimdgi, dig-
satisfied, displeased with every thing, bad-daul, ill-
shaped, ungraceful, bad-zdt, low-born, of bad breed,
wicked, vicious, bad-zihn, stupid, slow of apprehen- '
sion. bad-rdh, wicked, sinful. bad-rikdb, ill-paced
(a horse), also difficult to mount bad-rag, of a bad
vein, ill-natured, malevolent, bad-rang, bad colour,
bad kind, bad-rau, ill-paced (a horse), bad-zaban,
indecent speaker, abuser ; f. indecent language, abuse.
bdd-zahdnl, f. abuse, bad-zeb, ungracefm. bad-sffat,
f. an unlucky moment, bad-saj, ungraceful, ill-looking.
bad-sirisht, of a bad composition, ill natured. baS-
saranjdm, of a bad end. bad-slgdl, malevolent, bad-
suluk, unfavourably inclined, maltreating, bad-sirat,
ill-tempered, of bad disposition. 6ad-«Aa?/, ill-shaped,
ill-looking, bad-shugun, of evil omen, inauspicious.
bad-snrat, ugly, ill-conditioned, bad-tartk, m. bad
habit (in a religious sense), bad-tlnat, malevolent,
iniquitous, had-tlnatl, f. malevolence, iniquity, bad-
gann, suspicious. bad-'ahd, faithless, treacherous.
bad-fi'l, m. evil deeds ; of bad habits (particu-
larly in a religious sense). bad-farjdm, of evil
end or issue, malignant, bad-kdr or bad-kirdar, sin-
ful ; a malefactor, bad-gumdn, suspicious, bad-go,
slanderous, bad-guhar, of bad origin, bad-lagdm,
hard-mouthed (a horse), not obedient to the reins.
bad-mast, dead drunk, bad-maza, of bad taste, un-
savory. bad-vKizagl, unsavoriness, tastelessness; cool-
ness between friends, bad-mizdj, of evil temper.
bad-miizanna, suspicious, bad-ma' ash, of a bad pro-
fession, of an infamous trade, bad-ntu'dmala, oi unfair
<x>
( 103 )
Jjj
dealing, roguish, bad-mihrt, f. disobligingness, un-
kindness. bad-ndm, infamous, calumnious, bad-ndmt,
f. infamy, had-nasal, of a bad race or breed ; a bas-
tard, bad-nasib, unfortunate, bad-nazar, ill-looking.
bad-na'l, tripping (a horse), had-numd or bad-namud,
ungraceful, inelegant, bad-nihdd, ill-disposed, of bad
intention, bad-waz', ill-disposed or ill-behaved, bad-
hazm, of bad digestion. bad-hai,at, ill-formed, mis-
shapen, bad-yumn, evil-omened, unpropitious. N.B. —
All the preceding adjectives may form abstract sub-
stantives by the addition of i, as bad-akhldki, depravity
of morals, bad-uslubt, malformation, &c. p.
JO ^ bad, f. a bubo,or swelling of the gland./*.
S) f^^bid, f. a little pit into which children in
play endeavour to throw balls or marbles, h.
S> ^f^ badi, f. the wane of the moon ; the
dark half of the lunar month, from full moon to new
moon. s.
\d^ f^^ bida, f. dismission ; taking leave,
farewell, adieu, bidd-k , to bid farewell, to dismiss, s.
\^ bidet, f. beginning, commencement, a.
\s^ "^^ bada, predestined, fated, h.
i<Si\^ <<(^|<t ^ bada-badi, with emulation or
rivalship, contentiously. /*.
(jj^iio f^^TT*T bidaran (for vidaran), m. act of
tearing, breaking, severing, rending, or dividing, s.
0.\;iJ r^t^KWI bidarna, a. to tear, to rend. s.
^\iX> ^<*l»l ^ badamt, f. a species of rice. h.
^Si bad-dn (for ha-an), lit. by that; thereby,
thence, p. [congratulation, &c.
\ii\^ baddhd, m. (v. badhdwd), a song of
^•*x6s Vv> baddhat,f.B.r\ unexpected accident, a.
\j>i>\si f^T^»n biddhnd, a. to turn the plough
over a field, after the seed is come up, and also to
plough immediately after sowing, for the purpose of
covering the seed ; to harrow, h.
C-oliV or B^}Si baddyat, commencement, a.
*^Jjo badd,t (pi. of &*O^i0),wonders, rarities. a.
U-bi^o Wff^T^T bod-bdchd, m. a false or frau-
dulent bach or division, h.
S^Si W^ budbud, m. a bubble, h.
• • S3-J
\^\s^Si ^^(^m budbuddnd, a, to mutter, to
grumble, h.
O JJ frf^ bidit, known, famed, renowned, s,
y,^ badtar, worse, inferior, very bad. p.
^<^ badakh, nti. a duck (for batakh). d.
\/;.;. ,v> badakhshdri, name of a region near
the source of the Oxus, famous for its rubies, &c. p.
.iJJ badr, m. the full moon. a.
.liJ ba-dar (to the door, or at the door), with-
out, out. ba-dar-nawtst, writing off objectional items
of an account ; auditing or taxing an overcharged bill./).
ViiO ^f^U badrd, m. a cloud, cloudiness, s.
_,jiiJ ba-darj, by insertion, per invoice, p. a.
it>.jiV ba-daraja, in, or to a degree, p. a.
. j.tjj badar-rau, f. a drain, a sewer, p.
f'ijSi badarha or badr oka, m. a fellow-tra-
veller ; a convoy, or guard on the road ; any thing
ordered to be taken with a certain medicme (as water
gruel with salts); a vehicle (in medicine — see anupdn);
also a charge (of one per cent.) formerly levied as the
expense for keeping the highways and rivers free from
robbers, badraka fyisdb, an invoice of goods sent ; also
transit duty. p. [ten thousand dirhams. p.
ijS> badra, m. a bag of money ; a weight of
^CjiiJ W^ badrt, a place of pilgrimage in the
north of India, s.
(^jS> "f^^rt bidri, f. a mixture of metals so
"called; a kind of tutenag inlaid with silver, (so called
from Bidar, the name of a city and province), used for
tiukkas, &c. h.
i^J<>,^ji\> W^l l^cF badri-patrak, m. a sort of
perfume, a leaf. s.
^^fc^tio ^^^qJT badrt-phald, f. a plant,
the blue sephalica or nyctanthes. s.
\tS^j»-iC.tiJ 'tj^^^'t^^ badri-chhadd, f. a kind
of perfume, apparently a dried shell-fish ; a tree, a
species of the Zizyphus, s,
^yx^^.S^ ^^^^55 badri-shail, m. a part of
the Himalaya range, and a celebrated place of pilgrim-
age, the Badrinath of modern travellers ; or a town and
temple on the west bank of the Alaknanda river in
the province of Shrinagar. s.
\JLami^ ba-dast, in hand, or into hand. p.
.y^MSi ba-dastur, according to custom ; as
usual, in the usual manner, p.
'^i-*MS> ?^q5T badsald, m. a hog-sty. h.
il^S'Si bid' at, f. violence, oppression, wrong ; I
schism, heresy, blasphemy, a. '
jS^iJO bid'aii, a tyrant, oppressor, a.
jtV badak (same as bat), a duck. d.
CL^dJ ba-dihhat, with toil or diflSculty. p. a.
^S> "W^wmbadaknd, n. to move, be moved, h.
JiV. badal, m. exchange, substitution ; reta-
liation ; prep, for, on account of. badal lend, a. to
exchange, to take in exchange, badali mdl, m price,
barter, badal-mushdhara, in. stipend given in money
or kind to public or private servants, a.
{^S> "5?^^ baddal, or '^^ badal, m. cloud, h.
Ji3J ba-dil,v>'\\h the heart, heartily, sincerely.
ba dil jdn, with heart and soul. p.
"iltiJ ^q5T badld, m. exchange, lieu, stead,
a substitute, recompense, revenge, requital. badla
lend, a. to alter, to revenge, badle, in exchange, in
return for. a. [of the English word. d.
jSi budld, m. a bottle, probably a corruption
^^iiJ bad-ldm (for bad-ndni), infamous, of
bad repute, d.
l3^cV M^'tJlrfT badldnd, a. to cause to alter ;
to change, to put one thing for another, a.
t^^iio ^f^55T|^6ac?Za,I, f. price of exchange. a»
\j3i3J ''T^^^T badalnd, a. to change, to alter, a.
cj"^ "^W^ badli, f. cloudiness; a small bit
" of cloud, a.
J'V
( 104 )
J»4V
^^dJ "W^^ badti, f. exchanfje; relief (of
"■walclics, Kc.) ; a substitute ; a person or thing taken ;
representation or exchange of some other person or
thing, a.
jJiiJ budti, f. a small bottle (v. hud 
