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DICTIONARY 

OF 

NATIONAL    BIOGRAPHY 


INDEX    AND    EPITOME 


•*) 


t? 


DICTIONARY 


OF 


NATIONAL    BIOGRAPHY 


INDEX  AND    EPITOME 


EDITED  BY 

SIDNEY    LEE 


LONDON 
SMITH,  ELDER,  &  CO.,   15   WATERLOO  PLACE 

1903 

[All   ririls    rtttrt/tJl 


/^rr. 


.  D  ^  7 


_    /  V      < 


PEEFACE 


This  Volume  was  designed  by  the  late  Mr.  George  Smith,  the 
proprietor  and  publisher  of  the  'Dictionary  of  National  Biography/ 
in  consultation  with  the  present  Editor,  when  the  great  work  was 
nearing  completion.  It  is  intended  to  form  a  summary  guide  to  the 
vast  and  varied  contents  of  the  Dictionary  and  its  Supplement.  Every 
name,  about  which  substantive  biographic  information  is  given  in 
the  sixty-three  volumes  of  the  Dictionary  or  in  the  three  Supple- 
mentary Volumes,  finds  mention  here  in  due  alphabetical  order. 
An  Epitome  is  given  of  the  leading  facts  and  dates  that  have  been 
already  recorded  at  length  in  the  pages  of  the  original  work,  and  there 
is  added  a  precise  reference  to  the  volume  and  page  where  the  full 
article  appears. 

Generally  speaking,  each  entry  in  the  Index  and  Epitome  consists 
of  one-fourteenth  of  the  number  of  words  that  appear  in  the  text 
of  the  original  memoir.  At  times  this  proportion  varies  to  a  small 
extent.  Condensation  of  a  very  brief  article  on  the  estimated 
scale  became  hardly  possible  if  any  intelligible  fragment  of  it  were 
to  be  preserved.  In  such  instances  the  Epitome  bears  to  the  original 
article  a  higher  proportion  than  one-fourteenth.  On  the  other 
hand,  in  the  case  of  the  longer  articles,  it  has  often  been  found 
possible  to  reduce  them  to  a  smaller  space  than  the  stipulated 
proportion  required.  But  the  aggregate  divergence  from  the  projected 
ratio  of  one-fourteenth  proves  to  be  very  slight. 

The  exclusive  aim  of  the  Index  and  Epitome  is  to  make  bare 
facts  and  dates  as  ready  of  rapid  reference  as  possible.  The  condensa- 
tion has  been  attempted  with  the  sole  object  of  serving  the  practical 


Ti  FREFAOE 

purposes  of  utility.  No  endeavour  has  been  made  to  satisfy  the 
requirements  of  literary  form.  With  a  view  to  economising  space, 
and  in  harmony  with  the  simple  objects  of  the  Index,  the  lists  of 
authorities  which  are  appended  to  each  article  of  the  Dictionary,  and 
form  one  of  its  most  distinctive  features,  have  been  ignored.  The 
plan  of  the  Epitome  has  compelled,  too,  the  systematic  suppression 
of  other  particulars  which  are  invariably  accorded  a  place  in  the 
articles  of  the  Dictionary.  Tears  of  birth  and  death  are  alone 
admitted  to  the  Index;  the  day  of  the  month  is  su£fered  to  pass 
unnoticed.  Precise  details  of  parentage  are  only  introduced  in  cases 
where  the  parents  form  the  subjects  of  separate  entries  and  it  has 
been  found  desirable  to  define  the  relationship  subsisting  between  one 
entry  and  another.  Places  of  birth  or  death  are  omitted  unless  they 
belong  to  a  foreign  country ;  in  such  instances  it  is  usually  essential 
to  the  intelligibility  of  the  memoir  to  state  where  the  career  described 
in  it  began  or  ended.  On  the  other  hand,  room  has  been  found 
for  all  memorable  achievements  with  the  dates  of  their  accomplishment, 
for  titles  of  an  author's  chief  books  with  dates  of  publication,  for 
notices  of  scientific  inventions,  for  dates  of  institution  to  offices,  and 
for  detailed  particulars  of  education. 

A  few  errors  of  fact  and  date  which  figure  in  the  original  work 
have  been  corrected  in  the  Index.  But,  with  that  reservation,  the 
Index  literally  reflects  in  brief  and  bald  outline  the  results  embodied 
in  the  Dictionary  and  Supplement. 

The  labour  involved  in  condensing  so  massive  a  work  as  the 
*  Dictionary  of  National  Biography '  and  Supplement  has  been  great. 
No  one  without  practical  experience  of  similar  undertakings  is  likely  to 
realise  the  vast  amount  of  time  and  trouble  which  the  preparation 
of  this  Volume  has  entailed  on  all  engaged  in  its  production.  The 
separate  articles  which  it  supplies  amount  to  80,878 ;  the  cross- 
references  number  8,474.  The  risks  of  error  in  handling  the  million 
facts  and  dates  which  are  embodied  in  the  book  are  obvious,  but 
the  Editor  feels  justified  in  assuring  those  into  whose  hands  this 
Volume  comes    that    his  assistants  and  himself    have  done  all    in 


FBEFAOE 


yii 


their  power  to  reduce  the  chances  of  error  to  the  lowest  possible 
limit. 

The  Editor  tenders  his  best  thanks  to  those  who  have  co-operated 
with  him  in  the  laborious  undertaking.  The  work  of  epitomising 
the  Dictionary  and  Supplement  has  been  distributed  thus: 


-VI.  . 

XII. 

.—XVIII. 

-XXX. 

-XXXV. 


DionoNABT  OF  National  Biography: 

Volumes     I.- 
VII.- 

xni. 

XIX. 
XXXI. 

XXXVI.   .    . 
XXXVIL— XLI 
XLII.  .    . 
XLIII. 
XLIX. 
LU. 
LUL 
LIV. 
LV. 

Lvra. 

LXI. 


-XLVIU 
-LI.   . 


.— LVIl. 
. — LiX.  • 

.— Lxm. 


Mr.  C.  £.  HuGHBS. 

The  Rev.  Ahobew  Clabk,  M.A. 

Mr.  RiCHABD  Obbbntreb,  B.A. 

Mr.  G.  Lb  Gbts  Noboatb,  B.A. 

Miss  Elizabeth  Lee. 

Mr.  P.  C.  YoBKB,  M.A. 

Mr.  A.  F.  PoLLABD,  M.A. 

Mr.  G.  Lb  Gbts  Noboate,  B.A. 

Mr.  E.  I.  CABLTLEy  M.A. 

Mr.  C.  E.  HiroHBB. 

Mr.  G.  Le  Gbts  Nobgate,  B.A. 

Mr.  Thomas  Seccombe,  M.A. 

Mr.  G.  Lk  Gbts  Noboatb,  B.A. 

Mr.  P.  0.  Yobkb,  M.A. 

The  Rev.  Ahdbew  Clabk,  M.A. 

Mr.  G.  £.  HveHBB. 


Supplbhent  to  Dictionary  of  National  Biography: 

Volumes    I. — III Mr.  C.  E.  Hughes. 

In  revising  both  the  manuscripts  and  the  proofs  of  the  Index 
and  Epitome,  which  have  been  very  voluminous,  the  Editor  has  had 
the  advantage  of  the  assistance  of  Mr.  Richard  Greentree,  B.A., 
formerly  scholar  of  Balliol  College,  Oxford,  and  Graven  Scholar 
of  the  University. 


January  21, 1903. 


DICTIONARY  OF  NATIONAL  BIOGRAPHY 


INDEX  AND  EPITOME 


liwtcd  D.D, ;  Bppoliital  mL 
>(   Beriln  bj    Fnd«riolt 

—    -    •—- DMoird  luuKiw 

IntuHl,  ISB8-> 
■fts  battla  of  tlK  Vojue  preoeMsl  to  London,  ud 
becaOM  mlDMcr  of  tbe  Fr«Kli  itaimh  In  iIm  Sitd; 
■HiaiDUd  dcu  of  KUlklH,  IBM:  OuUj  nUnd  u 
l^TTMioaB,  Loodoo,  vbcn  b*  dM!  Ba  pobUabnl 
■■■■Jiri  nUrtoofl  uid  poUtlokl  vorki,  of  which  tlu  nun 
— -• *-  1*  Vtrit*  da  Is  SeUglon  clu* 


MMMv^,  OHASLES  (d.  ISIT),  boUnW:  D.D.  Mm 
OoOhi,  Oilard.  1  BOl ;  oIuUb  to  Muqali  ol  Tmsldalc 
poblktwd  *  Ron  Badtodtairit,'  ITMk  [L 1] 

AnOT,  OHABLBS,  flnt  Babov  Oounimra  mtT 
Ittt).  ipslw  of  HoQH  of  OnoiDani :  adoesud  it  V«M- 
■iBdcr  aad  Cbriit  Cbnnh.  Oitoid.  when  be  dliUa- 
rdihfd  hlBKlt  la  elurim:  nodled  it  the  MIddk 
Ttmple.  1778;  clerk  of  IhB  ioJm  in  ooait  ol  king 
btoeh.  ITM;  MP.  for  HtiROD.  Comwall,  nU;  LcCro- 
ducad  flnt  Censoa  Ace  IMO :  Dhld  •ecixtuy  fur  IrtUnd, 
1801 :  epenker  of  Hdoh  of  Oomnum.  1801 ;  ntlnd  u 
Lged  OotcbeitiT,  1911 :  tnTeDed  In  Pmooe  uml  lUIr  i 
tn*-n.  and  on  hie  rrtBrn  again  tDDk  an  mUiB  «rt  (o 
potttka.  IlI]       I 

ABBOT,  (IBOnaS  (IMl-ian).  an^hbUbap  of  Ou  I 
tcrbniT  ;  bom  at  OnUdford.  and  edooattd  at  tho  Itrv 
ttumw  Kbool :  Ri^  BalUol  Call«a,  fittorl.  liM  ;  pr 
naMimw-Idhwr.  lUt ;  lUL,  and  look  hcl;  orl«^  ISM  : 
daring  tbe  tifbt  anmwrtlng  jtui  atddial  thealogr,  ilid  I 
tolofla]  wvrk,  aod  aa  a  TMement  mpporter  <d  tha  ( 
poHbiu  <na  tnkt  anailnnloal  Camg  for  b[>  pmwbli 
^ipolnlcd  prlFaf- 


wM  fonnaDj  pardonea  by  (be  kii«,  ISlf; 

r  oaiHaited  lo  tbe  SfKolih  marriur^  Ifltl; 

illMraw  to  Canta'barT.  hl>  arakle^aoolal 
Max  Klvim  to  a  wmmladon  of  DTa  biah«M 
m  to  laTDUi  1S38,  but  tbarncalorth  U^ 
■ttniDsit  a<ed  at  Croydon.  WrMa  nliglaiia 
xKpBl  y  ooBtroveuliiL  [i,  (] 

ABBOT     UBOROB   (IMO-IUS),   nUgloiu   writer; 

...■. .:,.  .J  ^^  ,|j^_     PnbaihBd 

■  '  ■    ~      BbnHd,- 
[L»] 

LtsiODer- 


pwUamentan 

'■   1.  Bi>.  11 


leiTi 

'[LHl 

<r  HOBBIB  (1H»-ISU> 

a«ic(B  Abbot,  arohMabep  at  Cta- 


«  Virginia,  1»(;  knlgbted  and  ntnrsed  ILP. 

S!>  1   lord  maror  of  London  UK,   when 

jVk  Dod  wrote  the  dnn-lptlon  of  tbe  pagflaoi, 

^11] 

p  of  BaUdnrr, 

)  gf  CantartiuiTr 

ildlowolBai- 

tsc,  uiTorn,  laoj ;  jla-ibbx;  ir. O^  1697  i  g^tnaA 

ulna  tor  preaching  whleh  wu  iacraaaed  b;  Uie 

t<oii  of  tarera]  rtilgloai  worti ;  preaenled  to  tb* 

M  iTim :  maeter  of  fialtlol,  l(U>-lt ; 


iDd  ApooalTpae^  bm  Antboriied  Veiric 
in  to  uie  Barl  of  Donbiii  atid  vltiteil  Boouaoa  to 
re^atabllahln^  eptioopadj  tbmt  U08;  bkluw 
enl(7aadUoblUd,l«IN:  tnnalated  to  blaboprla 
'—  "lOianhMibepof  Cbatetbonr.KIl ;  lugeir 
err  marriaga  at  Prlneeai  BUiabMb  wiOi 
ueeur  radone  ot  Germany,  im  j  oppo«d  tbe  dirona 
gf  the  Coanioa  of  Fmt.  \HX  :  Introdooed  M  oontt 
Oranct  vaum,  Itlt:  atUoked  tbe  aohans  In  marrlan 
brtnn  PliiiiK  Obarte*  u 
Ittt  i  opuc^d  tbs  klng'i 
WttlBg  Bd^j  amnmui 


"i!"  I  fcllrw  Ot  i.'h<<lHaCaUeg(Lloani 
"nil     "^''"  ''"''"•«"  "'  "Hvlnily  at 


ABBOT,     ROBERT   (Iwel-IM)I 
''iiiitnriiii.-i? ;  pieBeatad  la  liilag  of  Cf 

(liKuulhuu'li,  Hammliire,  1M3,  mil,  M 

ABBOT,  WILLIAU  {i;SO-1»43l.  i 

pn»rlur«T^ed  Booiw  to^^'pa 
1MU  ;  dlL'.;  in  itocrlca  In  d:ftreaaed 

ABBOTBHALL,  Lobd  (Uia?-It 


loanded  by  KIni;  Jamea.  It 


lOT  TlBlUngParl^ 
"     ible'iJnllet, 


ABBOTT 


ABEBOOKN 


educated  at  Winches^ter  College ;  second  lieutoiant,  Bengal 
artillery,  1819  :  captain,  1836  ;  major,  1S46 ;  colonel,  1858 ; 
colonel  commandant  Bengal  artillery,  1868 ;  major-gene- 
ral, 1869 ;  serred  in  march  to  Kandahar  1839,  at  Jala- 
labad 1843,  at  Tutamdara,  Jalgah  and  Parwandara  1840, 
and  in  march  to  and  occupation  of  Jalalabad  1841-2; 
O.B.,  1843 ;  inspector-general  of  ordnance,  1865. 

[Suppl.  L  1] 
ABBOTT,  CHAilLBS,  first  Baron  Tentbrden  (1762- 
1833X  lord  chief  jostioe ;  edacated  at  Oanterbary  Gram- 
mar  School  and  Corpus  Ghristi  Oollege,  Oxford,  1781; 
clianoellor'8  medallist  for  Latin  composition,  1784,  and 
for  English  composition,  1786  ;  B.A.,  and  fellow,  1786 ; 
student  at  Middle  Temple,  1787  ;  practised  several  years 
as  a  special  pleader  under  the  bar ;  called  to  bar  and 
joined  Oxford  circuit,  1706  ;  junior  counsel  to  the  trea- 
sury ;  recorder  of  Oxford,  1801 ;  published  Miocessful 
work  on  mercantile  law,  1802  ;  puisne  iudge  In  court 
of  common  pl^^  1816;  moved  to  kings  t^ucli,  1816; 
chief  justice,  1818  ;  raised  to  peerage,  1827.  [i.  2G] 

ABBOTT,  CHARLES  STUART  AUBREY,  third 
Baron  Tenterdbn  (1834-1882),  under-fteoretary  for 
foreign  affairs;  educated  at  Eton;  entered  Foreign 
Office,  1854 ;  permanent  under-secretary  for  foreign 
affairs,  1873 ;  K.C.B.,  1878.  [i  30] 

ABBOTT,  EDWIN  (1808-1883),  educational  writer ; 
bead  master  of  Philological  School,  Marylebone ;  compiled 
Concordance  to  Pope's  works,  1876.  [i.  80] 

ABBOTT,  Sir  FREDERICK  (1806-1892X  major-gene- 
ral royal  engineers ;  brother  of  Sir  James  Abbott  [q.  v.]  ; 
reoeived  commission  in  Bengal  engineers,  1823 ;  major, 
1843 ;  colonel,  1864  ;  major-general,  1868 ;  served  in  Bur- 
mese war,  1824-6  ;  garrison-engineer  at  Calcutta,  1841 ; 
chief  engineer  at  reUef  of  Jalalabad,  1842 ;  O.B.,  1846 ; 
lieutenant-governor  of  Addiscombe  College,  1861-61 ; 
knighted,  1864.  [SuppL  i.  3] 

ABBOTT,  SIR  JAMBS  (1807-1896),  general :  brother  of 
Sir  Frederick  Abbott  [q.  v.] ;  educated  at  East  India 
Company*8  College,  Addiscombe ;  second  lieutenant  Bengal 
artillery,  1823 ;  first  lieutenant,  1827 ;  captain,  1841 ; 
colonel,  1861 ;  major-general,  1866 ;  lieutenant-general  and 
colonel-commandant  royal  artillery,  1877 ;  general,  1877 ; 
aerved  in  march  to  Kandahar,  1838-9 ;  assistant  to  Major 
Elliott  D'Arcy  Todd  [q.  v.]  in  mission  to  Herat,  1839,  and 
carried  to  Russian  court  Hazrat's  offer  to  liberate  Russian 
captives,  1839-40;  commissioner  of  Haiara,  1846-63; 
served  in  second  Sikh  war,  1848 ;  K.C.B.,  1894 :  published 
poetical  and  other  writings.  [SuppL  i.  4] 

ABBOTT,  SIR  JOHN  JOSEPH  CALDWELL  (1821- 
1893),  premier  of  Canada ;  son  of  Joseph  Abbott  [q.  v.] ; 
educated  at  McQUl  University,  Montreal ;  B.G.L.,  1847 ; 
dean  in  faculty  of  law ;  hon.  D.C.L. ;  Q.C.,  1862 ;  solicitor 
for  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  Company,  1880,  and  director, 
1887 ;  signed  Annexation  Manifesto,  1849 ;  raised  *  Ar- 
genteuil  Rangers '  for  government,  1861 ;  M.P.  for  Argen- 
teuil,  1869-74  and  1881-7  ;  soUcitor-geneoral  east  in  (Sand- 
field)  Maodonald-Sicotte  government,  1862-3;  joined 
oonservatives,  1866 ;  confidential  adviser  to  Sir  Hugh 
Allen  at  time  of  *  Pacific  Scandal ' ;  delegate  to  England 
in  ccmnection  with  dismissal  of  LetelUer  de  St.-Just; 
(^atlian  privy  councillor,  1887 ;  premier  of  Canada, 
1891-2  ;  K.C.M.G.,  1892.  [SuppL  L  6] 

ABBOTT,  JOSEPH  (1789-1863),  missionary  in  Canada, 
1818;  first  Anglican  incumbent  of  St.  Andrew's.  Pub- 
lished '  PhiUp  Musgrave,*  1846.  [SuppL  L  6] 

ABBOTT,  KEITH  EDWARD  (</.  1873),  consul-general 
successively  at  Tabriz  and  Odessa ;  brother  of  Sir  James 
Abbott  (1807-1896)  [q.  v.]  ;  died  at  Odessa.  [SuppL  L  1] 

ABBOTT,  LEMUEL  (d.  1776),  poetical  writer ;  vicar 
of  Thornton,  Ldoestcrshire,  1773.  [L  30] 

ABBOTT,  LEMUEL  (1760-1803X  portrait-painter; 
pupil  of  Frank  Hayman;  exhibited  at  Royal  Academy 
between  1788  and  1800 ;  painted  celebrated  portraits  of 
Nelson  and  Cowper.  [L  30] 

ABBOTT,  SAUNDEBS  ALEXIUS  (<2. 1894X  major- 
general;  brother  of  Sir  James  Abbott  [q.  v.];  major- 
general  in  Bengal  army;  agent  at  Li^ore  for  Sind, 
Pnnj&b  and  DeUii  railway,  1863;  subsequently  home 
director.  [Snpid.  LI] 


ABBOTT,  THOMAS  EASTOE  (1779-1854),  poetical 
writer  ;  published  poetical  works,  1814-39.  [1.  30] 

ABDY,  EDWARD  STRUTT  (1791-1846),  writer  on 
America ;  fellow  of  Jesus  College,  Cambridge  ;  B.A.,  1813 ; 
MA.,  1817 ;  published  work  on  United  States  of  America, 
1836.  [L  30] 

ABDY,  MARIA  (d.  1867),  poetess,  niece  of  James  and 
Horace  Smith  [q.  v.]  ;  published  poems,  1830-62.  [I.  31] 

X  BBCKETT,  GILBERT  ABBOTT  (1811-1866),  comic 
writer ;  educated  at  Westminster  School ;  called  to  bar 
at  Gray's  Inn  ;  first  editor  of  *  Figaro  In  London ' ;  on 
original  staff  of  *  Punch ' ;  for  many  years  leader-writer 
for  *  Times '  and  *  Morning  Herald,'  and  contributor  to 

*  Illustrated  London  News ' ;  metropolitan  police  magis- 
trate, 1849;  died  at  Boulogne-sur-Mer.  He  wrote  over 
fifty  plays  and  several  humorous  works.  [L  31] 

ll  BBOKBTT,  GILBERT  ARTHUR  (1837-1891),  comic 
writer ;  son  of  Gilbert  Abbott  k  Beckett  [q.  t.]  ;  entered 
Westminster  School,  1849  ;  B.A.  Christ  Church,  Oxford, 
1860 :  entered  Lincoln's  Inn,  1867 ;  clerk  In  ofllce  of 
examiners  of  criminal  law  accounts,  1862 ;  journalist  and 
author  of  plays  and  libretti ;  regular  member  of  staff  of 

*  Punch,'  1879.  His  dramatic  work.  Includes,  in  collabora- 
tion with  Mr.  W.  S.  GUbert,  *  The  Happy  Land '  (1878). 

[SupiO.  L  7] 

A  BBCKETT,  Sir  WILLIAM  (1806-1869),  chief  justice 
of  Victoria ;  brother  of  Gilbert  Abbott  k  Beckett  [q.  v.] ; 
educated  at  Westminster  School ;  called  to  bar,  1829 ; 
solicitor-general  of  New  South  Wales,  1841,  and  sub- 
sequently attorney-general ;  judge,  1846 ;  chief  justice  of 
Victoria  and  knighted,  1861 ;  retired  to  England,  1863 ; 
wrote  several  biographical,  ];)oetical,  and  legal  works. 

[L  32] 

ABEL  (d.  764),  archbishop  of  Rheimji ;  aided  Boniface 
in  missionary  work  in  Germany ;  held  offloe  in  abbey  of 
Lobbes ;  elected  archbishop  of  Rheims,  744,  but  Pope 
Zacharias  refused  to  confirm  election,  and  he  retired  to 
Lobbes ;  became  abbot  of  the  monastery,  and  died  there ; 
left  several  works  in  mannacript.  [L  32] 

ABBL,  CLARKE  (1780-1826),  botanist ;  educated  for 
medical  profession  ;  naturalist  to  Lord  Maoartney  on  his 
miadon  to  China;  published  description  of  journey,  1818 ; 
afterwards  physician  to  Lord  Amherst,  governor-general 
of  India.  [L  32] 

ABEL,  JOHN  (1677-1674),arohiteet  cf  timber  houses ; 
built  old  town-halls  of  Hereford  and  Leominster ;  at  the 
siege  of  Hereford,  1646,  be  oonatmcted  corn-mills  for  the 
use  of  the  besieged.  [L  33] 

ABEL,  KARL  FRTSDRIOH  (1726-1787),  player  on 
the  viol-di-gamba ;  member  of  Dreaden  court  band,  1748- 
1768 ;  journeyed  to  England  and  became  one  of  queen's 
chamber  muncians,  1769 ;  joined  John  Christian  Bach  in 

Sving  concerts  in  England,  1766  ;  toured  on  continent ; 
ad  in  London.   His  portrait  was  twice  painted  by  Gains- 
borough. [L  33] 

ABSLL,  JOHN  (1660?-1718  ?),  Inteoist  and  singer; 

*  gentleman  of  his  majesty's  chapd,*  1679 :  sent  by 
Charles  II  to  cultirate  his  voice  in  Italy,  1681-82 ;  at  the 
Revolution  went  to  continent  and  performed  before  king 
of  Poland ;  intendant  at  Casael  ;  Mrformed  in  England, 
1700;  publiahed  two  oolleotiona  of  songs,  1701.     [1.  34] 

ABELL,  THOMAS  (a.  1640),  Roman  catholic  martyr  ; 
M.A.  Oxford,  1616  ;  chaplain,  e.  1688,  to  Catherine  of  Arra- 
gon,  who  entrusted  him  with  aeoret  commission  to  Em- 
peror Charles  V  respecting  divorce  from  Henry  VIII ;  rec- 
tor of  Bradwell-by-the-Sea,  Essex,  1630 ;  impzisoned  in  the 
Tower  for  oppoaition  to  the  divorce^  1632 ;  included  in 
act  of  attainder  against  Catherine's  accomplices,  1634; 
beheaded,  1640.  [L  34] 

ABELL,  WILLIAM  (JL  1640),  alderman  of  London, 
1686;  fiherifl  of  London  and  master  of  the  Vintners' 
Company,  1637 ;  licenser  of  tavern-keepers,  1639 ;  gained 
great  unpopularity  by  hla  efforts  to  induce  vintners  to 
agree  to  Charles  rs  demand  of  tax  on  wine,  and  was 
imprisoned  by  order  of  Commons,  1640-2 ;  under  super- 
TeUlanoe  at  Hatfield  for  debt  and  treasonable  utterances, 
1662 ;  ^yen  a  passport  to  Holland,  1666.  His  actions  were 
aeverdy  condemned  in  many  broadsides  and  pamphlets. 

[L  36] 

ABEBOOBV,  first  Duxb  of  (1811-1886).  [See  HAMUi- 
ton,Jambb.] 


ABBBOOKN  S  ABOYUm 

BOBEHT  (ir«0-lgD,nlLitu7 

ngliDfat,  1 J7) ;  lened  throughout  A  marlcMi  wmr ;  colonel 
uid  Blde-rt«i»nip  to  the  Wag,  1781  :  oolond  76th  tuBl- 

'flioTii^Aio  luLwhi™     ='•'«'  »'  almlKj,  17*0  ;  reduCBl  Tippoo  Snll«n,  U»i  : 
■  •     MintomriwlUioBt  ,  *^^!^^^''  -"'"""■■'"   "'   *'"  '"■""'  ''™— 

-'-■    -  AS8aca0«BY,_B0BSRT  WILLIAM  DDPP(1M»- 


thtornTUi. 

tHnathnk  ind  oUwr  work)  on  itldtilliig.  [I,  U] 


t    lUriKhkl   Coll 


Oollen  Abodcm  :  i 
t  BL  OMm^  Ho>plt*l 
,vhen  be  old  mwuifcB 


L.KXLP- im.  P.KiXP.  wd phntnlui  [u  ctddttry  to  ths  m-nnanv   nionv     raa>  Rxm-i   nmiT  inv-na 

Uds  In  ScnbDd.    18«:     Eb.  Orfort.    ism?   mra-  I  igitiSn*"'  '    'S"^"'"^*'  =™"t  Amm:., 

iTirtiva[IC«riHHMlCaU«^ins:piiblUisl  poUadoelcml  ;  ">'°-'™>-l 

vorfei.  [til]  ABSBDEEX.  BARM  or.    [See OoBDOii, OmuiK, fint 

IT,  ALBXANDRR,  LOBD  ABmcBOMBT  '  §■*»■'  i?!I:'IS  ;  '""'"*-''■  0™"8»  HilllLTOS,  fDOrth 


(lT(i-ITW).  jiil«c  >Dd  (iHTlit :  iHidled  at  BdlDburgh  ; 


[See  Hktilli,  Rdwabd, 


. ^.   [See , , 

ja  Lord  Aberomnby,  179J ;  one  of  the     ant  Biaox,  d.  H7B  ;  NBTILIB,  OBOMll,  third  Bmiun, 

h>rd»40Biinliri<Mm  of   jwUcIir;;   oonttibalal  to   the     11TI7-16U1 
'MliRir-<lT»)Miid-Laim«er'(lIW-«).  -  "■ 

_IT.  ALftXANDER  {ITM-lMSl, 
ih  Abercrombj  [q-     ' 
r,  17n;  aidfy^T-arap ' 


UBubr:  nndi 

ct,  Jrd  dn^DOD 
OesenI  Btr  WllUnn  mtt  In  OmnMoy,  ItfS 
UK:  nmiar.  moj  Ueolenuit-ixiloiid,  1771 ;  tui.anun 
tiac  ILP.  let  CIulnuDiiiiiuliln :  retnnied  to  Cbe  umy 
end  ditttngnlibed  blmielt  u  nujor-^menl  In  Pluiden; 
tJ-  ITM:  eomBUDdcd  ecptdlUon  anlBK  tbB  French  In 
Wnt  Indlei,  I7>tA  and  reduced  Bt.  LooU  ud  TrinldAd ; 

' ;  antpented  wlUi  the  Britbh  fleet  In 

oylnriBg  the  Dntoh  fleet  ™d  «dnlii«  the  Arohdn         ^,™,  .,„  .  ,.„^,  „.  „„,,.».«-.-=.  -  .m=    „.™ 

"■—'-•  KC^DiR  Pnnoe,  17»  ;   Dotmnajided  Iroo™  In  ,  B«elona/  li  151 

Tnwmn,  IBOO ;  ptooeeaed  to   BffTpt  add  d^eflt«d  I  **         ** 

here  he  died  ol  troondj.   [1.43]      i        ABOHTX.  Bihls  or.  [Ste  QORDas.  OKAHLra.gnM 


'    (16S*-IfllS), 


ind  St.m,  d. 


iBtoiDoient  erldenoe.  to  hkTe  oniTerted  ABOTm.  Hoood  TnoouKT  (if.  IW).  [See  QoBDoi', 

->-  —  »•-  namu  cBtbollo  filth,    [i.  *l]        Jahu.] 


AOTON 


AUTtATfAir,  ROBBRT  (177S-18S0),  architect ;  exe- 
oated  works  at  Arandel  Castle,  the  synagogue  near  the 
Haymarket,  and  the  Westminster  Bridewell.       [i.  56] 

ABYVDOK,  BICHARD  DK  (d.  13S7?).  [See 
Richard.] 

ACCA  id.  740X  fifth  bishop  of  Hexham ;  educated  in 
household  of  Bosa,  who  superseded  Wilfred  as  bishop  of 
York,  678;  aooompanied  Wilfred  in  various  missionary 
journeys  in  England  and  on  continent ;  abbot  of  Hexham 
and  friend  of  Bede ;  bishop  of  Hexham,  709 ;  expelled, 
789 ;  buried  at  Hexham.  [i.  56] 

AOOmi,  PRIEDRICH  CHRISTIAN  (1769-1838), 
chemist ;  scientific  lecturer  at  Surrey  Institute,  1803 ; 
advocated  introduction  of  gas  for  lighting ;  engineer  to 
London  Gaslight  Companv,  1810 ;  librarian  of  the  Royal 
Institution,  but,  being  dismissed,  went  to  Berlin,  183S ; 
wrote  several  scientific  works.  [i.  67] 

AOHEDXJN.    [See  AcTOK.] 

AOHERLEY,  ROGER  (1665  7-1740X  lawyer  ;  called 
to  bar  at  Inner  Temple,  1691 ;  worked  actively  for  the 
house  of  Hanover  without  substantial  reward ;  author  of 
many  legal  and  oonstltutional  treatises,  including  *  The 
Britannic  Constitution.'  17S7.  [i.  57] 

ACHESOK,  Sir  ARCHIBALD,  second  Earl  op  (Km- 
FOBD  in  Irish  peerage  and  first  Baron  Worlinoham  in 
peerage  of  United  Kingdom  (1776-1849X  govemor-in- 
chief  of  Canada ;  honorary  M.  A.,  Christ  Church,  Oxford, 
1797  ;  became  member  for  co.  Armagh  in  Irish  parliament, 
1798,  and  member  of  House  of  Commons  in  first  parlia- 
ment of  United  Kingdom,  1801 :  re-elected  1802  and  1806  ; 
succeeded  to  earldom,  1807 ;  representative  peer  for  Ire- 
land, 1811 :  lord  lieutenant  and  eusUu  rolulorum  of  Ar- 
magh, 183S  till  death ;  privy  councillor  and  captain  of 
yeoman  of  guard,  1834 ;  supported  whig  policy  of  *  con- 
ciliation '  in  Irdand,  1836 ;  govemor-in-chief  of  Bri- 
tish North  America,  Newfoundland  excepted,  1835-8; 
created  Barou  Worlingham,  1836 ;  adopted  policy  of  con- 
ciliation towards  the  rebel  leader  Lous  Joseph  Papiiicaa 
[q.  v.]  and  his  party ;  his  action  resented  by  the  legisla- 
ture ;  resigned,  1837  ;  knight  grand  cross  (civil  sideX  1838 ; 
vice-admiral  of  coast  of  Ulster.  [SnppL  L  8] 

AOKEEMAKH,  RUDOLPH  (1764-1884X  art  pub- 
Usher  and  bookseller  ;  educated  at  Schneeberg,  and 
apprenticed  as  ooachbuilder ;  settled  in  London  as 
coach-designer ;  opened  print-shop  in  Strand ;  patented 
method  for  makmg  articles  waterproof,  1801 ;  esta- 
blished art  lithography  in  England,  1817;  worked  ex- 
tensively for  relief  of  sufferers  after  the  war,  1814  ;  pub- 
liahed  numerous  illustrated  books.  [L  58] 

AOKLAKD,  THOMAS  GILBAKK  (1791-1&44X 
divine ;  published  poems.  [i.  59] 

AOLAHD,  Ladt  CHRISTIAN  HENRIETTA 
CAROLINE,  generally  called  Ladt  HARRnrr  (175(K 
1815X  daughter  of  Stephen,  first  Earl  of  Ilchester;  ac- 
companied her  husband,  John  Dyke  Adand  [q.  v.],  to 
America,  1776,  and  followed  him  throughout  the  cam- 
paign, [i.  59] 

AOLAHD,  Sir  HENRY  WENTWORTH  (1815-1900X 
physician ;  son  of  Sir  Thomas  Pyke  Acland  [q.  v.] ;  edu- 
cated at  Harrow ;  MA.,  Christ  Church,  Oxford,  1843 ; 
M.D.,  1848 :  lifelong  friend  of  John  RusUn ;  fellow,  AU 
Souls*  College,  Oxford,  1840;  studied  medicine  at  St. 
George's  Hospital  and  Edinburgh;  gold  medalUst  for 
medical  jurisprudence,  1844 ;  L.R.C.P.,  1846 ;  F.RC.P., 
1850;  Harveian  orator,  1866;  *  conciliarins,*  1888-3-4; 
F.RS.,  1847:  Raddiffe  librarian  and  Aldrichian  pro- 
fessor of  clinical  medicine,  Oxford,  1851 ;  regius  professor 
of  medicine,  1858-94,  and  masto:  of  Ewelme  Hospital, 
Oxford :  president  of  the  General  Medical  Council,  1874-87 ; 
honorary  physician  to  King  Edward  VTI,  when  Prince  of 
Wales,  whom  he  accompanied  to  America,  1860  :  K.03., 
1884;  honorary  M.D.  and  LL.D.,  Dublin;  published 
writings  dealing  with  sanitation  and  medical  education. 

[SuppL  i.  10] 

ACLAND.  Sir  JOHN  (d,  1613X  benefactor  of  Exeter 
College,  Oxford ;  knighted  by  James  I,  1604 ;  knight  of 
shire  for  Devon,  1607  ;  contributed  largely  towards  baild- 
ing  new  hall  at  Exeter  College,  Oxford,  where  he  founded 
two  BchoUirships.  [i.  60] 


AOLAHD,  JOHN  (/i,  1753-1 796X  poor  law  reformer ; 
rector  of  Broad  Olyst,  1753 ;  published  a  pamphlet,  *  A 
Flan  for  rendering  the  Poor  independent  of  Public  Con- 
tributions,' 1786.  [i.  60] 

AOLAND,  JOHN  DYKE  (d.  1778X  soldier  and  politi- 
dan ;  MJP.  for  Callington,  Cornwall,  1774 ;  opposed  go- 
vernment's measures  for  peaoe;  served,  as  major,  on 
G<meral  Bargoyne's  expedition  to  America,  1776,  aooom- 

SAied  by  wife.  Lady  Christian  Henrietta  Acland  [q.  v.]  ; 
edfrom  effects  of  exposure  in  a  dueL  [!•  81]   . 

AOLAND,  Sir  THOMAS  DYKE  (1787-1871X  poli- 
tician and  philanthropist ;  educated  at  Harrow :  B.A., 
Christ  Church,  Oxford,  1808 ;  M.A^  1814 ;  hon.  D.C.L, 
1831 ;  M.P.  for  oounty  of  Devon.  18U-18,  18J0-8O,  and 
North  Devon,  1837-57;  much  Interested  in  religious 
movements.  [!•  62] 

AOLAND.  Sm  THOMAS  DYKE  (1809-1898X  poU- 
tldan ;  son  of  Sir  Thomas  Dyke  Acland  (1787-1871)  [q.v.]  : 
M.A.,  Christ  Church,  Oxford,  1835 ;  feUow  of  AU  Souls', 
1831-9 ;  M.P.  for  West  Somerset,  1887-41 ;  took  leading 

Krt  in  establishing  Oxford  local  examinattona,  1857-8  ; 
C.L.,  Oxford,  1858 ;  M.P.  for  North  Devonshire,  1865-86, 
and  for  West  Somerset,  1885-6  ;  eleventh  baronet,  1871 ; 
privy  councillor,  1883  ;  published  speeches  and  pamphlets, 
mainly  on  agriculture  and  education.         [SnppL  L  IS] 

AOLAND,  Sm  WROTH  PALMER  (1770-1816X 
soldier  ;  ensign  17th  regiment,  1787  ;  after  sncoesslTe  pro- 
motions was  colonel  1803,  and  brigadier-general  under 
Sir  Arthur  Wellesley,  afterwards  Duke  of  WeUington, 
1808;  lieutenant-general  and  ELC.B.,  1814;  died  of 
fever.  [U  62] 

AOONTIUS,  JACOBUS  (16007-1566  ?X  philosopher 
and  engineer ;  bom  in  the  Tyrol ;  came  to  England 
c.  1559,  having  studied  law  and  published  a  work, 
*De  Methodo,'  at  Bdle ;  discovered  many  new  mechanical 
contrivances  and  received  a  pension  of  60/.  from  Eliza- 
beth :  attached  himself  to  nonconformist  Dutch  church 
in  Austin  Friars,  and  took  active  part  in  controversies 
with  conformists ;  undertook  with  some  sncoess  to  re- 
claim land  inundated  by  the  Thames,  1568-66  ;  enjoyed 
patronage  of  the  Earl  of  Leicester;  published  *Strata- 
gema  Sataiue '  (1565X  and  other  works,  principally  theo- 
logical, [i.  63] 

A'OOUBT,  WILLIAM,  first  Barok  Hettbbburt 
(1779-1860),  diplomatist ;  secretary  of  Naples  Legation, 
1801 ;  to  special  Vienna  mission,  1807 ;  envoy  to  Barbary 
1813,  Naples  1814,  Spain  1823 ;  ambassador  to  Portugal 
1884,  Russia  1838-38 ;  P.O.  1817 ;  G.C.&  1819  ;  created  a 
peer  1888  ;  viceroy  of  Ireland,  1844-6.  [xxvi.  338] 

AOTON,  CHARLES  JANUARIUS  EDWARD  (180S- 
1847X  cardinal ;  born  at  Naples ;  educated  at  Westmin- 
ster, and  Magdalene  College,  Cambridge;  entered  college 
of  the  Aoademia  Boclesiastica,  Rome,  which  he  left  with 
rank  of  prelate ;  received  succeeeive  appointments  from 
pope;  brought  about  division  of  England  into  eight 
catholic  vicariates,  1840 ;  cardinal,  1848.  [t  65] 

AOTON,  EDWARD  (d,  1707X  captain  in  navy ;  took 
part  in  capture  of  Gibraltiu*,  1701 ;  killed  in  engagement 
with  French  off  Dungeness.  £L  66] 

AOTON,  ELIZA  (1799-1859),  authoress;  published 
from  1886  poems  and  other  writings  on  various  subjects. 
Her '  Modern  Cookery  *  appeared  in  1845,  and  '  The  Eng- 
lish Bread  Book,*  1857.  [i*  ^1 

AOTON,  HENRY  (1797-1843),  unitarian  divine; 
apprentice  as  printer;  became  irupll  of  Dr. Morell  at 
Brighton ;  minister  at  Walthamstow,  1881,  Exeter,  1833 ; 
published  many  sermons  and  pamphlets.  [L  67] 

AOTON,  JOHN  (d.  1850),  writer  on  oanon  law ;  poa- 
slbly  educated  at  Oxford;  canon  of  Lincoln,  c.  1889; 
prebendary  of  Wdton  Royal,  c.  1343 ;  wrote  commentary 
on  ecclesiastical  *  constitutions*  of  (Hho  and  Ottobone. 

[1.67] 

ACTON,  Sir  JOHN  FRANCIS  EDWARD,  sixth 
Baronet  (1736-1811),  prime  minister  of  Naples  und«r 
Ferdinand  lY  ;  son  of  physician  at  Besani^n,  where  he 
was  bom ;  entered  Tuscan  naval  SOTvioe,  and,  having  dis- 
tinguished himself,  was  entrusted  with  the  reorganisation 
of  the  Neapolitan  navy,  1779 ;  became  minister  of  war, 
generaliitsimo  of  sea  and  land  farces,  and  minister  of 
;  finance;  during  the  French  wars  was  altematlvdy  ia 


ACTON 


ADAM 


hUttng  MKwajojiag  Almott  abaolnte power ;  took  refuge  in 
aicUr  OB  entnr  of  Frenoh  into  Naples,  1806 ;  died  at 

[i.67] 


ACTOV»  RAXFH  fUih  oent.),  theologian ;  probably 
in  phlloeopny  and  tbedogy  at  Oxford  ;  wrote 
ptore  oommentariea.  [L  68] 


ACWORTH,  QEOBGB  {d.  1678  7),  diyine;  MJL, 
Omibiidfe,  IftM  ;  public  orator  of  Cambridge  Univenrity, 
1M9-;  advocate,  IMS ;  LLJ)^  1563 ;  chanoeuor  and  yicar- 
gcnenl  to  taiahop  of  Winchester;  judge  of  prerogatire 
eonrt^iiiribuid,  1677  ;  received  patent  to  exerdae  eodesiaa- 
tkal Inriadiction  in  Ireland,  1678.  [1.  69] 


JAMBS  iJI.  1776X  historian  of  the  American 
Tiniww ;  tnded  ammg  Indiana  of  Georgia  and  the  Oarcn 
hma,  17Si~76;  pobliabed  1776,  *HiBtory  of  American 
lodiana,*  aigning  that  the  Tin^Una  aredeBoeuded  from  the 

[SuppL  L  13] 


ABAXR,  JAKES  {d,  1798X  serjcant-at^law ;  MJL, 
Peter houae,  Cambridge,  1767 ;  assisted  Wilices  in  his 
quarrri  with  Home  Tooke,  1770;  couuisel  in  trial  of 
printers  of  *  Jtmins's  Letters,*  1771 ;  recorder  of  London, 
177f-» :  whig  HJ^.  for  Oockermouth  and,  subeeqaenUy, 
Tn^Kmwi  Femurs,  1780  till  death ;  reputed  author  of  some 
coutaottonal  works.  [L  69] 

ABAXR,  JAMBS  MASTTTRICK  (17S8-180S),  origi- 
nally jAxatt  Masttxrick  ;  M.D.  Edinburgh,  1766 ;  prao- 
tiaed  as  physician  in  Antigua,  and  afterwards  in  Andover, 
GoUdted,  and  Bath ;  poUished  medical  vrritings. 

[i.  70] 

A'nanr  JOHN  (d.  17S3),  surveyor  and  map-maker ; 
F.BJ&,  1688 ;  oommissioned  by  the  privy  council  to  sur- 
vey the  Scottish  shires,  1683,  and  act4  of  tomiage  to  raise 
the  fouds  for  his  work  were  passed  1686, 1696,  and  1706 ; 
pablisbed  charts  of  the  Scottish  coasts,  1708,  but  the 
trark  was  not  completed ;  left,  in  print  or  manuscript, 
many  maps  and  chvts  of  Scotland.  [I.  70] 

ADAIR  PATRICK  (1635  ?-1694X  presbyterion  mini- 
ster; stodied  divinity  at  Glaiwow,  1644;  ordained  at 
Gairncaatle.  oo.  Antrim,  1646 ;  protected  with  ministers  of 
Antzim  and  Down  against  execution  of  Charles  1, 1649 ; 
farced  to  hide  from  parliamentary  generals,  but  subse- 
qacatty  took  an  active  part  in  presbyterian  church 
nattera  in  Lrdand ;  headed  a  deputation  to  congratulate 
Wmiam  m,  1689,  and  was  apptnnted  a  trustee  for  dis- 
tiibiidnff  the  rrgium  donum  ;  published  work  on  history 
o<  presbyterianism  in  Ireland.  [i.  72] 

ASAIR,  Sir  ROBERT  (1763-1855),  diplomatist; 
eloae  firiend  of  Charles  James  Fox ;  after  1788,  travelled 
to  study  effects  of  Frenoh  Revolution ;  M.P.  for  Appleby 
and  Gamdford ;  emidoyed  by  Fox  on  diplomatic  buijiness 
in  Yienna*  1806,  and  subsequently  in  Constantinople  and 
the  Low  Countries ;  K.03.,  1809.  [i.  73] 


LxvrrA  or  Diaconus  {ft.  700),  English 
aunt ;  aaid  to  have  been  the  firdt  arclidcaoon  of  Utrecht, 
attd  to  have  preached  the  gotipel  in  Western  Germany 
and  in  Eennemaria,  703,  where  he  built  a  church  at 
Igmont,  in  North  HolUnd.  [i.  73] 

ADALBERT  oi  Spaldixo  {ft.  1160?),  said  to  have 
been  a  Cluniao  monk  of  the  abbey  of  Spalding,  Lincoln- 
diice.  [i.  74] 

ADAX  AKOUCU8,  possibly  identical  with  Adam 
Angiigena  [q.  v.],  or  with  Adam  Goddam  [q.  v.] ; 
wrote  a  oommentary  on  the  sentences  of  Peter  Lom- 

[L  75] 


ADAM  AiroLioxNA  (J.  1181?),  theologian;  possiblT 
identkaal  with  Adam,  bishop  of  St  Asaph,  1175,  or  with 
Adam  de  Parro-Ponte,  canon  of  Paris,  1147 ;  distin- 
guished teacher  in  Paris,  e,  1150.  [i.  75] 

ADAM  OP  Barkcco  (Jk  1817?),  Benedictine  monk 
«f  Sbotooie   Abbey,  Dorset;    wrote  scriptural  trea- 

[l.  76] 


ADAM  op  BUCKTIELD  {ft.  1300?),  commentator  on 
1/iMotle :  possibly  a  Franciscan.  [i.  77] 

ADAM  OP  Catthxibbs  {d.  1333),  Scottish  bishop; 
prior  and,  1307,  abbot  of  the  Cistercians  at  Melrose ; 
bishop  of  CTaithnesa,  1913  ;  murdered,  1333.  [L  77] 

ADAM  THB  Cabthxtaun  (ft,  1840),  doctor  of  theo* 
hfj.  [i.  77] 


ADAM  OP  DoMBRHAM  {d.  after  1391),  monk  of  Glaa- 
tonbnry  ;  cellarer  and  afterwards  laorlstan  to  the  abbOT ; 
wrote  a  history  of  the  abb^.  [i.  77] 

ADAM  OP  Bysbham  (<f.  1191X  prior  of  Bermondsey, 
1167  ;  abbot  of  Evesham,  1161.  [i.  78] 

ADAM  CK>DDAX178  (d.  1868).    [See  CrODDAM.] 

ADAM  Di  Maribco  {d.  1857  ?X  Franciscan  of  Worces- 
ter ;  educated  at  Oxford ;  adviser  and  friend  of  Robert 
Groflseteste  and  Simon  de  Montfort.  [L  79] 

ADAM  McaiHUTHSNHiB  (1375  ?-1347).     [See  Muai- 

MDTH.] 

ADAM  OP  Orltov  (d.  1845),  bishop  of  Hereford  1817, 
of  Worcester  1337,  and  of  Winchester  1333 ;  employed  oc 
several  embassies  by  Edward  II ;  took  active  i>art  in  the 
various  risings  against  the  king,  1321-3 ;  chaiged  before 
parliament  with  treason  and  deprived  of  lands  and 
revenues,  1833 ;  joined  Queen  Isabella's  party  on  her 
landing,  1386  ;  largely  responsible  for  the  king's  resigna- 
tion, 1837 ;  made  treasurer  and  restored  to  possessions 
under  Edward  III ;  entrusted  frequently  with  diplomatic 
oommissions.  [i.  79] 

ADAM  SC0TU8  or  Anoucuh  {ft,  1180),  theological 
writer ;  PrsBmonstratensian  canon ;  perhaps  abbot  and 
bishop  of  Oasa  Candida  (Whithorn), Galloway ;  renowned 
throughout  Europe  for  his  sermons  and  treatises,  which 
were  first  published  at  Paris,  1518.  [L  81] 

ADAMdb  Strattox  {ft,  1366-1390).  [See  Strattox.] 

ADAM  OP  U8K  {ft,  1400),  lawyer,  and  writer  of  a 
Latin  chronicle  of  English  history,  1877-1404  ;  educated 
at  Oxford  and  entered  the  church ;  pleaded  in  the  arch- 
bishop of  Canterbury's  court,  1390-7 ;  ioined  Henry  IV*s 
party  in  the  rcvolotioii,  13U9;  banished  to  Rome  for 
criticism  of  Henry  IV 'a  government,  1403.  [i.  83] 

ADAM,  ALEXANDER  (1741-1809),  writer  on  Roman 
antiquities;  educated  at  Edinburgh  ;  LL.D.,1780;  head- 
master of  Wateou'a  Hospital,  1759;  rector  of  Edinburgh 
High  School,  17G8 ;  published  educational  works,  [i.  84] 

ADAM,  Sm  CHARLES  (1780-1858),  admiral ;  brother 
of  Sir  Frederick  Adam  [q.  v.] ;  captain,  1799;  served  in 
French  and  Spanish  wars,  1801-13;  captain  of  the  royal 
yacht ;  K.C.B.  1886  ;  K J*,  for  Clackmannan  and  Kin- 
ross, 1838-41 ;  governor  of  Greenwich  Hospital,  1847 ; 
admiral,  1848.  [L  86] 

ADAM,  Sir  FREDERICK(1781-1853), soldier, brother 
of  Sir  Charles  Adam  [q.  v.] ;  ensign  1795,  and  after 
rapid  promotion  purchased  command  of  31st  regiment, 
1805  ;  served  in  Sicily  till  1813,  when  he  went  as  colonel  to 
Spain  ;  distinguished  himself  in  the  Castalla  campaifim ; 
major-general,  1814 ;  at  Waterloo  ;  K.C.B.,  1815  ;  G.C.B., 
1840  :  general,  1846.  [L  85] 

ADAM,  JAMES  (</.  1704),  for  some  years  architect  to 
Georgre  III ;  associated  with  his  brother  Robert  Adam 
[q.  v.]  [L  86] 

ADAM,  JEAN  (1710-1765),8cottish  poetess ;  published 
poems  by  subscription,  1734,  and  soon  afterwards  opened 
girls*  scnool  at  Crawford  Bridge ;  met  with  pecuniary 
troubles  and  died  in  Glasgow  poorhouse ;  said,  with  small 
foundation,  to  have  written  the  song  *  There's  nae  luck 
aboot  the  house.'  [L  86] 

ADAM.  JOHN  (1779-1835),  Anglo-Indian  statesman; 
son  of  William  Adam  (1751-1839)  [q.  v.]  ;  educated  at 
Charterhouse  and  Edinburgh  University  ;  private  and 
political  secretary  to  Marquis  of  Hastings  in  India  ; 
acting  governor-general  of  India  for  seven  months, 
1833.  [i.  87] 

ADAM,  ROBERT  (1788-1793),  architect;  brother  of 
John,  James,  and  William  Adam ;  educated  at  Edinburgh 
University  ;  visited  Italy  and  Btu*li«l  arcliitecture,  1754  ; 
F.R,S.  and  F.&A. ;  architect  to  King  George  III,  1762-8 ; 
M.P.  for  Kinross-shire ;  with  his  brothers  built  the  Adelphi, 
London,  1769-71 ;  with  his  brother  Jnmes  designed  a 
number  of  important  mansions  in  various  parts  of  the 
country  and  much  improved  street  architecture  of 
London;  published  works  on  architecture;  buried  in 
Westminster  Abbey.  [i.  88] 

ADAM,  THOMAS  (1701-1784),  divine;  BJL,  Hart 
Hall,  Oxford ;  hdd  li\'ing  of  Wintringham,  Lincolnshire, 


A-HAIM- 


6 


ADAMS 


1734  till  death ;  wrote  several  religioas  works,  including 
*  Private  Thoaghte  on  Religion,*  pubUahed  poethamonsly. 

[i.  891 
AS  AX,  WILLIAM  (d.  1748),  architect ;  assisted  his 
brother  Robert  Adam  [q.  v.]  in  building  the  Adelphi, 
London,  1769-1771.  [i.  89] 

ADAH,  WILLLLM  (1751-1839),  politician ;  caUed  to 
Scottish  bar,  177S ;  MJ*.  for  Gattcu,  Surrey ;  supporter 
of  Lord  North,  1774,  and  suooessively  M.P.  for  five  Scottish 
constituencies:  wounded  Fox  in  a  duel,  after  quarrel 
over  a  speech  by  Fox  in  the  house,  but  later  became  his 
firm  ally ;  treasurer  of  ordnance,  1780 ;  called  to  English 
bar,  1782 ;  took  a  leading  part  in  impeachment  of  Warren 
Hastings,  1788 ;  K.O.,  1796 ;  attomev-general  to  Prince  of 
Wales ;  privv  counolilor,  1816 ;  lord  chief  conunissioner 
of  Soottish  ]ury  court,  1816 ;  intimate  friend  of  Sir 
Walter  Soott.  [i.  90] 

ADAH,  WILLIAM  PATRICK  (1838-1881),  liberal 
whip,  1874-80 ;  educated  at  Rugby  and  Trinity  College, 
Cambridge  ;  called  to  bar,  1849 ;  secretary  to  Lord  Elphin- 
■tone  in  India,  1863-8  :  M.P.  for  Clackmannan  and  Kin- 
ross, 1869-80  ;  during  different  periods  lord  of  the  treasury 
and  commissioner  of  public  works;  privy  councillor, 
1873  ;  governor  of  Madras,  1880.  [L  91] 

ASAMNAN  or  ADOKNAN  (686?-704),  abbot  of 
lona,  679  ;  advocated  adoption  of  regulations  of  Romish 
church ;  stated  to  have  taken  part  in  qrnods  and  conven- 
tions in  Ireland.  The  biography  of  Colomba  is  generally 
ascribed  to  him.  [L  93] 

ADAXS,  ANDREW  LEITH  (<i.  1888),  zoologist,  son 
of  Francis  Adams  [q.  v.]  ;  army  surgeon,  1848-73  ;  pro- 
fessor of  Boology  at  Dublin,  1873-^,  and  of  natural  history 
at  Cork,  1878-83.  Published  aoologioal  writings  and 
accounts  of  travels  in  India.  [L  94] 

ADAXS,  CLEMENT  (1519  7-1687),  schoolmaster  and 
author ;  M.A.,  King's  College,  Cambridge,  1644 ;  school- 
master  to  the  royal  henchmen  at  Green  vrich  from  1662 ; 
wrote  in  Latin  an  account  of  Hugh  Willonghby  and 
Richard  Chancellor's  voyage  to  Runia  of  1563  (printed 
with  an  English  translation  in  Hakluyt's  *  Collections,' 
1689);  engraved  l)eforc  1684  the  *  mappe-monde '  by 
Sebastian  Cabot,  but  no  copy  of  Adams's  engraving  u 
now  known.  [i.  94] 

ADAXS,  FRANCIS  (1796-1861),  physician  and  classi- 
cal  scholar ;  MA.,  Aberdeen  ;  M.C.8.,  London,  1816  ; 
practised  medicine  at  Banchory  Teruan ;  expert  in  Qreek 
philology ;  hon.  M.D.,  Aberdeen,  1866 ;  translated  and 
edited  the  Greek  medical  writers  Paulus  .£gineta, 
1844-7.  Hippocrates,  1849,  and  Aretsus,  1866.       [L  96] 

ADAXS,  FRANCIS  WILLIAM  LAUDERDALE  (1863- 
1893),  author  ;  sou  of  Andrew  Leith  Adams  [q.v.]  ;  went 
to  Australia  and  worked  on  staff  of  *  Sydney  Bulletin ' ; 
died  by  his  own  hand  at  Alexandria ;  diief  works  *  Lei- 
cester,* an  autobiographical  novel,  1884,  and  *  Tiberius,'  a 
powerful  drama,  1894.  [SappL  i.  14] 

ADAXS,  GEORGE  (1698  7-1768  ?),  poet  and  trans- 
lator ;  fellow  of  St.  Jolm's  College,  Cambridge ;  took  holy 
orders;  translated  into  English  prose  the  tragedies  of 
Sophocles,  1729;  wrote  'Life  of  Socrates,'  1746,  and 
theological  works.  [L  96] 

ADAXS,  GEORGE,  the  elder  (d.  1773),  mathematical 
instrument  maker  to  George  III ;  obtained  wide  reputa- 
tion as  maker  of  celestial  and  terrestrial  globes,     [i.  97] 

ADAXS,  GEORGE,  the  younger  (1760-1796),  mathe- 
matical instrument  maker  to  George  III,  son  of  George 
Adams  the  elder  [q.  v.] ;  published  scientific  essays. 

[i.  97] 

ADAXS,  JAMES  (1737-1803),  pldlologist ;  professor 
of  languages  at  Jesuit  College  of  St.  Omer  ;  settled  after 
French  revolution  in  Edinburgh ;  published  *  Pronuncia- 
Uon  of  the  English  Language,'  1799.  [L  97] 

ADiUIS,  JOHN  (JL  1680),  topographer ;  barrister  of 
Inner  Temple ;  published  a  map  of  England,  1677  (revised 
1693),  and  an  index  to  English  towns.  [i.  97] 

ADAXS,  JOHN  (1662-1730),  provost  of  King's  Col- 
lege, Cambridge,  1712 ;  graduated  M.A.  1686  ;  cliaplain  to 
William  III  and  Anne.  [i.  98] 

ADAXS,  JOHN  (17607-1814),  compiler  of  books  for 
young  readers ;  graduated  at  Aberdeen,  and  subsequently 
opened  a  school  at  Putney.  [I.  98] 


ADAXS,  JOHN,  iUias  Albxakdxb  Smith  (1760?- 
1839),  seaman ;  took  part  in  mutinv  and,  1789,  seimre 
of  H3LS.  Bounty,  in  which  he  subsequently  sailed  to 
Pitcaim's  Island,  where  he  founded  and  sucoessfully 
governed  an  English-speaking  settlement.  [i.  98] 

ADAXS,  JOHN  COUCH  (1819-1893),  discoverer  of 

?Ianet*  Neptune*;  sizar,  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge, 
839  ;  senior  wrangler  and  first  Smith's  prixeman,  1848 ; 
fellow  (tiU  1863)  and  tutor ;  fellow  of  Pembroke  College, 
1863  tiU  death ;  made  observations  determining  particulars 
of  *  Neptune,'  1841-6,  and  deposited  results  at  Royal 
Observatory,  Greenwich,  1846,  but  the  publication  of  his 
discovery  was  anticipated  by  Leverrier,  July,  1846 ;  re- 
fused knighthood  1847,  and  Adams  priae  was  founded  at 
Cambridge ;  F.R.S.,  1849  ;  Copley  medallist,  1848 ;  professor 
of  mathematics,  St.  Andrews,  1868-9 ;  Lowndean  professor 
of  astronomy  and  geometry,  Cambridge,  1868 ;  director  of 
Cambridge  observatory,  1861 ;  president  of  Royal  Astrono- 
mical Society,  1861-3,  and  1874-6,  and  received  gold  medal, 
1866,  for  researches  in  connection  with  theory  of  secu- 
lar acceleration  of  tlie  moon's  mean  motion.  His  *  Scien- 
tific Papers '  were  published  1896-1901.       [SappL  i.  16] 

ADAXS,  JOSEPH  (1766-1818),  originally  an  apothe- 
cary ;  M.D.  Aberdeen,  1796 ;  practiised  in  Madeira ;  phy- 
sician to  Small-pox  Hospital,  1806;  published  miedical 
treatises.  [i.  99] 

ADAXS,  RICHARD  (1619-1661).  coUector  of  verse  ; 
fellow-commoner  of  Catharine  Hall,  Cambridge,  1636 ; 
left  a  small  manuscript  volume  of  poems,  of  some  of 
which  he  was  probably  author.  [L  100] 

ADAXS,  RICHARD  (1626  7-1698),  ejected  minister ; 
graduated  at  Cambridge  and  Oxford ;  rector  of  St.  Mil- 
dred's, Bread  Street,  1665;  retired  as  nonconformist, 
1663.  [i.  100] 

ADAXS,  ROBERT  (d.  1696),  architect ;  author  of  a 
plan  of  Middlebni^h,  1688,  and  other  drawings,  [i.  100] 

ADAXS,  ROBERT  (1791-1876),  surgeon ;  M.D.  Dub- 
lin, 1843 ;  F.R.C.S.,  Ireland,  1818,  and  wa^i  three  times 
president ;  practised  in  Dublin  and  lectured  on  surgery 
at  the  hospitals  ;  surgeon  to  the  queen  in  Ireland,  1861. 

[LlOO] 

ADAXS,  SARAH  FLOWER  (1806-1848),  poetess; 
wife  of  William  Bridges  Adams  [q.  v.] ;  contributed  to 
*  Monthly  Repository';  her  principal  work,  *Vivia 
Perpetua,*  a  dramatic  poem,  1841 ;  wrote  several  hymns, 
including '  Nearer  to  Thee.'  [L  101  ] 

ADAXS,  THOMAS  (d.  16307),  printer;  freeman  of 
Stationers*  Company,  1690 ;  liveryman,  1698 ;  warden, 
1614.    His  boolcs  were  of  all  classes,  including  music. 

[L  101] 

ADAXS,  THOMAS  ijt.  1612-1663),  divine;  *  the 
prose  Shakespeare  of  puritan  theologians ' ;  preacher  at 
WiUington,  Bedfordshire,  1612 ;  vicar  of  Wingrave,  Bucks, 
1614-86  ;  held  preachership  of  St.  Gregory's  under  St. 
Paul*s  Cathedral,  1618-S3  ;  chaplain  to  Sir  Henry  Mon- 
tague, lord  chief  justice ;  published  sermons  and  theo- 
logical treatises.  [i.  102] 

ADAXS,  Sir  THOMAS  (1686-1668),  lord  mayor  of 
London,  1646 ;  educated  at  Cambridge ;  draper ;  alderman, 
sheriff,  and  master  of  Drapers'  Compcmy,  1639 ;  im- 
prisoned in  Tower  fur  loyalty;  created  baronet  after 
Restoration  ;  founded  Arabic  lecture  at  (Cambridge. 

[i.  102] 

ADAXS,  THOMAS  (1633  7-1670),  divine ;  B.A.  and 
fellow,  Brasenose  Collie,  Oxford,  1662 ;  M«A.  and  lec- 
turer-dean, 1666 ;  ejected  from  fellowship  for  noncon- 
formity, 1663  ;  wrote  religious  works.  [i  103] 

ADAXS,  THOMAS  (1730  7-1 764),  soldier ;  volunteered 
for  service  in  Netherlands  under  Duke  of  Cumberland, 
1747 ;  ensign,  37th  foot,  1747 ;  captain,  1766 ;  major, 
81th  foot ;  as  commander  of  crown  and  E.I.C.  forces  in 
Bengal  conducted  glorious  campaign,  including  battles 
of  Gheriah  and  Andwanala,  1763-3;  brigadier-general, 
1764.  [i.  103] 

ADAXS,  WILLIAM  (d.  1630),  navigator;  appren- 
ticed as  sailor  at  age  of  twelve ;  served  Company  of 
Barbary  Merchants;  joined  as  pilot-major  fleet  of  five 
shilK  from  Rottenlam  bomid  for  India ;  in  spite  of  the 
ships  being  carried  through  the  straits  of  Magellan  and 
scattered,  ultimately  reached  Japan,  where,  alter  some 
weeks*  imprisonment,  having  found  favour  with  lyeyasu. 


lbs  nilcr.  he  wKlgd :  utotalnal  trvllng 
Datcti  mHchADEo,  161L    lAter  Ibm  Kng 

ithieh  Aduiu  w^  KCDoil  !□  oommaud,  1 
qHBUjtagignl  tn  trading  TQjTigM  tg  L 
EUB.ud  CoctiEu  Cblni,  1B13-Ig.  Jfiyi 
tai  Eogildi  uiil  DBtcb  privllegei  belux 
Eifliili   nuun   IkIIhI.  Knd   wnr   broki 


taBbrokc  OoUegt.  Uiford, 


nr  of  Yaksab,  ISM.  (I.  IM] 

WIHIAK  (170S-178B1,  dlUne :  muter  oJ 
tUdoqg  frlviMl  ol 


Pttal'tMll-Uic-EMft,  IBM:  pubtlibfid  «U>»J  «i 

ADAMS.  WILLIAM  (IITS-IMI),  lawyer 
ThiDt;  HtU.  (bJDbrliJm :  LL.D.  uil  mrmbr 
'    cal^  17M:  preptral.  IP"' 


AD&Kt,  WILLIAU  BRIDOES  (\m-ll 
-     ■ -■  ■  '■■     ■  HidjigJ  nJta.ll 


ASAXSOir,  HBNRY  fJ.  1«!9),  poetic*!  writer :  pab- 
UiBd  'Tbe  Miufi  TbrnmiUe,'  lue.  [L.  109] 

r,  JOHJt  (d.  IMI),  iffiadpul  of  BUnbargH 

JMUUdnUi;  pntaBC  of  pUIiwpliy  at  SC 

mn:  ohKhht  aC  Bllobursb,  1Mi-lg04:  vlur  oT 
tliB^wickiiuid,lAts,iif  Llbbertou:  nubUtbal ■flrcnd 
a  ud  poani,  and  Btlud  '  Vuaai  WdGCDw'  and  pn>- 
7tlHpi)an(i<ADtlnwMelTllle,1iiiM«iil.    [t.  IM] 

I.  JOHN  (17S;-189(Xa"U'|aiu:r  ami  Portii- 
■ ■»  brotW.  a  Usbou 


[i.!lli] 


i  original  n-ort 
of  GmnweoJ,-  li 
ti  fK  Uk  TjpDKTapUisl  Sodetj 

r.  PATBIf3K  (1637-1(WJ,  Scottiibprdal*; 

i:  preseqtal  tollvInK  Bb 

■  cbowii  by  BHiiTBl  awei 

ic  priHlictlou  of  Vlrli,  la7B:   cbiipbiEu  to 


*.  St.  Aodmri,  liM :  i 


ASSBMBBDOKK,  JOHN  (I«e0-]7I»),  fouulir  ol 
boii^tatatOBDibrlil^:  elocata]  st  Csthartue  Bull,  C^am' 
bridge;  tUt.,  1711:  pubDibed  an  'Sots  on  Fmtblnk- 
Ing,'  m4.  [L  US] 

ADDnrOTOH.  Ont  Biiion  {IMi-ieSB).    [B«  Hdb- 

BARP.  JIOUS  UBLLIDHAXD.] 

ASDIHffTOlf',    ANTHO:Jy    (1719-1790).    plJflglBD; 

li.A„17S9:  Mjl..l74a:  JIJi.,1741;  U.D,.17u  :  practlud 
at  KaOiBg:  VJiX:.  i:h:  resot,  17t7;  prsclbol  Id 
London :   atlendal  Lonl  Cluthun  Ul  bla  leyert  UlniH, 


lA-on  cbuicellar'B  ptl'l  malnl  iar  EnplUih 

Dtrlm,  17ia;  apater  ol  tbeBouieoI  i 
IBDl :  muoli  ocoDDlal  with  Ui«  pro«nUugi 
HaitJnge,  I7H :  BnC  Idnl  of  Cbe  Uwwrir  unl  ■ 
afuobaqiMr,180l:quarrrf1alirli)iPlM,l8(«:  huuuoai 
mnrrij  HUrtHd  b;  Oannlnc  nKgnl,  IBM;  cnbd 
VUcoant  SMmoDUi  and  mtend  cabinet  aa  prafclanC  at 
CDUuiHl,  IBOt,  bat  left  It  alter  a  few  nontlu ;  pimldaut  of 

1813 :    dealt  Kierely  wltb  Ibe  LmVllUa  In  Uk  mrtli  | 


ae  Belorai  BHl,'lH3S. '"""  "'"' 
ADDIMOTOH.  HENQY  US 


S  1917 ; 


[i-li;] 
1JBU-1S7U),  porow 
.rjigciurem..«na.ri.lB«-(H.  [l.Ul]' 
:.  BTKPBEK   (1719-11(8),  indppeudeW 


I   OIUtGNSTBEBT  Id.  ISUS), 
I  -,  publiHljtd  Irgal  ami  bJetorlcal 

ASOIBOB,  JOHN  (jl.    uatt).   divine:    D.D.    Ptig- 
tokt  Hall,  OUDbridge,  lt33  :  ilvptivo)  of  liU  Kplntual 


ADSIBOir.  JOHN 
inner   on  dotible-bur 

Assiflov,  JoesrH  (is79-i7iv), 


IM4),  cDPiposer  and  per- 
DOKik  and   ptTformed   Id 
n.        [1.  ISl] 

Cbanr'ilioanu  with  Sltdc.  ami  nt  fjami'i  Crtlcgr, 
Mdi  obtaiufil  demyililp  at  Ma^lalrn.  ISHfl:  MJl., 
I;    prnbaltouM-Mlow,  lw7:  MIo*-,  ISB8-1TI1;  dlf 

lunbl;  noticed  by  Diydcu.  I6«a  :  granted  peiuloii 


foreign  tr 
C^amp^gn,'  ft  piKin  in 
lieutenant  of  Ireland, 
wlthicl,  171IH,au>l  tor 


■ :  tmvelled  o 


i :  Bcoretory  to  Wharton,  w 


ll-blK  fiiaml 
prwhionl  w 


laowedolly   ■  The    Drun 


'  Old  ft^lg  ■  by  AddHoii*  and'ln '' 
1719,  deal  »i^  a  quarrel  between 
AXOnoR.  LANCELOT  (IB 
Quwii'i  College,  Qifonl,  lt6i  :  U 
Terrw  aUiu  delivered  ui  attack  o 


iBtwoL  [UM] 

3-17U3),   dlTtne;   B.A. 
poriluiliiD,  and,  bong 


eiimpdlallaRtnct,IiA0T(ord,lBB7;  sbspliilnat  Dun- 
Iton,  l<«0,  ind  ot  Tug4«r.  lUl :  nodTed  the  IMng  of  UU- 
Urk.  WUMbln,  16T1 ;  B.D,  uidS.D„  Oitord,!*?):  daui 
OILloMeld,  ieS3;  Hrat«U»dogJ«]4iidlrTaU«u]  >nrkK 


1S41,  S 


^  IMS,  ud  Jolln.  PortiK,  1 
KOd  L4dy  Xacbetli  nnder  Fhclpa  ■ 
M  seq. ;  wllh  Keu  Bt  Hajmu-kel,  lU: 


ADSnOS.  THO 

Sdlnbuigli,  IBK;  >u 
phyHlaUm  at  Gnj'a  E 

CDT«ted  ■  AddlAm^H  ' 


ASKIAK  17  (: 


Weill,! 

AS  (1IB3-1B40),  phydolinrM'D. 
[eon  ftt  L«)li  Hoaplul;  uslitut 
iplUU.  ISat :  pb^du.  1U7 :  dia- 
««':  urolo  medical  worku  of  , 

ADDT,  WILLIAM  (*  19M),  nothor  o(  «  lyitem  of  , 
iliorthiuid,  la  wUoh  tbe  bible  ma  printed,  ISBT.  [1.  lU]      i 

ABKL-    [SeeKTBKL-]  | 

ASKU  (10e«?-llir).  mother  ol  Bttrplioi,  king  ot 
EogluidrdkiightiirorWUliHiii  theCoaquHoruidMaUldB  i 
of  Fluiden ;  murled,  1080,  et«phaii,  earl  ot  Ueaox  and 
Biie.  wbo  HUMHdsl  to  BMi  uid  dHitna.  lOM :  tulal 
wltb  giBit  thoToiwbaNB  during  bar  tiuitwnif«*tiaaKie  on 
tbe  wA  cniiad^  lOH-B :  rflsent  on  ber  hmbiiid'i  dctth, 
1101, till nULioTlli-aC  her eldattHmT1le(>biild,UW:  look 
ttia  Tell :  etteoted  an  alliance  bM«eai  Theobald  and 
Benrriof  ifDeliuid.1118.  [i.  134] 

ASSLAtnX.  qDEn(orWiLUiulT(lT83-l»4e).elde(t 
daughter  ol  OeorgD,  duke  of  SaifrCobuig  Melnlngon;      ander  Vl.lWJ;  retur 
married  Wmiam,  duke  ot  CUrmoB,  18l§  ;  nodied  pitnol-      tbuugh^  ImjiUcaledli 
poll;  at  BDihn  Pack:  DDtU  aooei 
onpopular  owtng  to  her  sappoi 
poUtlci  during  the  reform  acltatic 

aTigra-nn  o,  Bath,  or  .Strei-babd  (inh  oent 

SUlMiphlcal  writer  :  eeemi  to  hare  traTelled  largelv 
urepe,  Aala,  and  AtHoa  :  vrota  a  work  on  An) 
"' — 3,  which  wai  publlshal '       - 


ASOLPHUS,  JOHN  LBY0K3IXB  (ITM-lHt),  bar- 
riitar  and  author  ;  eduflatad  at  Uschut  Trnflon'  and  BL 
JohB'a  (Mlege,  Oiloid  :  pabllihed  oritlolimi  on '  Warer- 
km  Korele^'  aetigiilnB  tbdi  aotbonUp  to  Soott,  Ififl; 
oalled  to  bu,  IM).  [l.ltl] 

AfiKAUT,  BOBBRT  <1TT»-Itu),  mathsmatlolaD  i 
(ngiged  In  rebellloa  la  Ireland,  17M,  ud  Bed  to  America; 

— « _i  ^—1. — _,r^^  ^  TarlDOi  oollcsBB,  Includlu 

-^     -"■---•  -    -  -iil^ 


mibla  CoUege,  New  T 


;  publlihed  mathematlca 


II SI),  pope:  »ho« 


[LIMI 


order  oi  SL  lUifaa,  afar  Valence;  oardinal  of  Albaug, 
IIM  1  elected  pope  oo  deetb  of  Anaitailua  tV,  IIM; 
bifl  poDtlGr:ate  a  period  d(  oonriejit  etni^Ieewlth  tUe 
Bmperor  Frederick,  who  set  forth  Imperial  clalnu  oyet 
North  It^',  UK)  lu  a  leewr  degree  with   Wiltlam.  the 

oUlmB  of  the  Roman  church  aa  defined  by  Gregory  VIL 
He  gjanted  Ireland  to  Henry  II.  [1.  U9] 

ASI^AII    i>K   CAtTKLLO   (IMOI-IBIIT).  •UKsniu 

nuuolo  to  Sootland,  1IS8:  oollector  ot  Peter'i  pence  In 

England,  14tltt:  prebendary  ot  St.  Paul'e  Cat Wral,  and 

'  —    "       .....".    Kngllsh  ambw- 


and  clerk  to  the  pL^ 

loe,  biflbop  of  Heref<ffd  lb 


1  of  WlUlam,  1830  ; 


•  Identity  ud  Diflere 


[L  is;j 


I       ADT,  lOBBFH  <IT70-I«>t),  DOlotlotB  oli«tilu-leti«r 
lmpo.tor.  It.  117] 

ASTB.    Bin   JOHN    UILLER   dSlS^lMia),   general: 


paUonlMd 


at  Woolwich,  ISM :  Koood  UenlaianC  royal  artUlay, 
oaptaln,  IWl;  brlgademajorot artUlerylnTnrkey, 

.  _^  ... —  ..  ij,„m„fj^  ig(7  .  uaiuniant- 

lant-flBicrHl  of    artlUery  In 

K.03,  IBTI;  malor-gmeral, 

aoademy,  Woolwich,  1S7B  ; 

Wolieley  In  ^ypt,  IBSI :  Q.03., 

AtBhanl 


ABKIKB,   nOB ,. 

tellow  of  Warlbam  College,  Oiford.  where  hit  prtuchli, 
ftttmcted  much  attention ;  cliaplaln  to Oromwell  -  mlniHt4 
ot  Theydoii  <ietS-7);  remored  ■noeeulT^  to  tw 
churchea  at  Bieler,  whenoe  ho  was  ejected,  IflBO.  IM). 

AI)UB,NATaAN  l!ARO(I8<l»03-lBB0),r'  -'■  — 


) :  gorernor  n(  Olbnitar,  18U-S ; 
1 ;  gBienl.  lest :  oppoaed  rectin< 
-;  pubtlihrd  aaloblographlcHl  an 


other  writing!. 


__  [Sappl,  LIf, 

ASTZ.  STBFHKN  PAYNE  (d.  lJ»4),ioldier ;  eemd 
■  piotartlllerylnNorthAjnetioa;  pnbUjhM 


it  Oldenburi 


'h.D.,  B 


SnppLL 


1.  i»M :  I 

... — idon,  Igtt ;    made  onip 

DBlted  ^nagoeaea  bllL  lg;o ;  u 
phraee  of  tlie  Pmtaleuch. 

ASOLFB,  JOSEPH  ANTONY  (ITW-lJ'SD.palBtBt;  ! 
England,  1746-61 ;  painted  poctimlt  of  OeQiBO  III  whan 
inoe  of  Wales.  [L  1S9] 

ADOLFHVB   PSXDSBIOZ,  DCTEI  0 
:iIT4-18W)^  M™,th  eon  of  George  IH 
'  In  BanoTerlan  army.  17ni  aerred 

«menillncHnipalgoof  17M-»;  lieu 

oTeriiin  aervioe.  179»,  and  In  Britith  umy,  l(w* ; 
..  Ckmbridge,  1801 :  privy  eoaneUlor,  ISO! ; 

..„.lBl!i  rlonoyaf  BanoTer,181»-lI;  elian. 

ccllor  of  St.  Andrews  Uulvenlty.lBll-14 ;  raarriedPrin- 
c«>  Augusta,  third  daughter  of  Frederick  ot  Hesie.CB«el, 
1818.  11.1,9]      , 

ASOLPKUS,  JOE 
torica]    writer ;     adi 

'  Biographical  Memoli_  _ 

anrl  •  Hiaton- ot  EngUnd  tri-m  IIBO- 1783.' 180*  . 

the  bar,  U07 ;  defended  Thiatlewood  and  tlie  Cato  Street 
mniplratora,  1890 ;  wrote  hlilorloal,  blogr^thlcal,  and 


.SLFOAS,  Bam.  (d.  loe: 
andGodglfQ  (lidyOodiva) ; 
Coufneor  aigaluit  Oodwlne 
Eaat-Aot^lla ;  oaUawed  for  t 
loriahire.  but  waa  [letratcd  I 


[L118] 

1  ?),  eon  ot  Leofrlc  at  Meroia 
iupportcd  King  Kvlward  ttH 


N  (i;se-lMB),  burlitar  u 
at  the  Freiic^i  Iteroliitlon,'  1 


^  by  Harold ;  made  peace  and 
im :  earl  ot  Hercla,  1067 ;  oot- 
,wEd  1U6II;  regained  bla  mrldoni  with  hdp  ot  North. 
ten;  left  two  eoni,  Badwlne  and  MorkeiB.        [L  US) 

SLP0IF1I  [Lst.  Bujivi)  (JL  SU),  waa  the  wife  of 
Jng  Badwlg,  from  whom  abe  waa  parted  by  Archbiihop 
da  on  aooonnt  of  kinship.  She  and  her  motlier  ^tliet 
Itn  trcm  their  hoatlUty  to  Dunatan,  bare  been  made  the 
lotinu  of  mooaatlc  legend.  Later  legenda  confound  her 
ad  hw  mother,  and  gire  an  nnlrnatworthy  aocount  ot 
arioiii  crueltlea  lerpctnted  on  her  by  Oda  and  the 
lonk..  [1.  Mfl] 

SLtajra  </.  loao),  'ot  Northampton,'  pcrhapa  the 
liatm  of  OUI,  ■  the  Saint,"  and  oerttlolj  of  Onut,  to 

er  with  Sweu^  tomle  owr  NoraBy.  [I.  IW] 

SLF^XAH,  knowu  a^  Bt.  AiJ'hime.  anil  alao  called 
<iDM'IKH   (964-1013),  archblahop  ot  Oautcrbury  :  mouk 


I  OnaJngOUkfTryggweaim: 
I  Ing  frnm  him  promlie,  994, 
;  captured  In  invaaion  of  I> 


[I.1M] 
B  id,  ae3\  aldomuui  ol   th«  Hcroluii. 
[1. 161] 
D  <U8-K>1).  klne  ol  Uie  WeM-^xoua,  the  nu 
tf  Kbctwolf  [q-  "f-l  '■  <»n>  >l  Wutage :  irail  to  JlDme. 
_» —  .—  .T.  v_.. .  ..._  ._  ..._g_  jj)^  ratumlng  — 


Lrtin  vrllen.  Th«  I'hcIuI  homily  iwBliuit.  tniiuibi 
UbUod  vu  nabllihol  In  list  urcIut  ecalniutlia;  p 
nuge  u  '  A  Tntlmonle  oI  Aotlqulcle,'  uid  n-eOlu 
IBH.  The  ■HomillK'  wen  pubUsheil  In  ISM-U. 
oilier  worta  of  hit  tarvivE  -EUric  It  a  uioR  prenyl 
AnglD-Saion  UWritore. 


mi,  irnai  the  tnnden  v 

jKtiSag  bit  •hlpi,  put  u 

BBiUcT  Tikiagi.     ..Bund  died  on  K  Oit. .... ^„ 

bnrlid  at  H<w  lUiuttr  (iftamud)  Hfde  A.bbey)  at 
inaslHda'.  HI*  wife  Salhiwtlfa  nurtred  M",  £|[t»1 
■Dt  <n]T  «T(d  Wmu  frail  the  perUi  of  the  Bsudl' 
ivtIh  lim^imi.  bat  made  hU  klagdom  a  centre  for 

■tuM  of   tbe  tlmei  Daliuallj  itreogtbengd  the  i^iJ 


jaLrTHBTTH  [I*t.  BLTBUDisl  Id 

King  ailred:  wife  of  Baldwin  If  ol 

tnu  ol  UaUIda,  WUliim  iba  Conqunor'i  wife. 


H  [Lat.  EuiKiDAHUt  ?-10aO),  di 
,-  ...  ...;  mMbnoI  Etbdreill:  i]ewbn>tep- 

Udnard.      WUllam    of    Ualiuaburr'e    romaoUo 


[i.  197] 
0),  duighwr 

I    rotuaodo 
[L  117] 


.    HIsli 


Kholan  of  the  tlou,  Indadlog 
Griinbdid,  John  the  Old-Baxon.  A 
blfcna.    I-  ■ 

ȣrtiwO 

W9.  Wx  cIdEt  iFiltlagi  were  hli  tnnilalloa*  of  Boethliu' 
'CBmolalloB  of  Pbilomphjr,'  or  tbe  hMoriea  of  Beds  and 
*Omltu.*  and  oif  the'  Paatoral  Care '  of  armory  IbeOreat. 
Hla  BotthiiB  wv  nUted  by  Hamiiel  Fox  Id  1364 :  big  B»la 
»>priiit*dlnSmllh'>editlQinrfl732:lilsOroilMa-a«edll*d 
bj  Dr.  Boaworth  In  ISll.  and  hli  Oifgory'i'Pailoral' 
t^Brnif  SwBrt  for  tbe  Barly-Engllgh  Text  Eodct;  In 
•  —.  -     (.h  .       .  --^j  merely  timnelatlon*  1  tliey 

■  a«u  .u  •  tborooghlf  BlIEUlh  Bplllt,  M 
a  part  of  the  conotij'a  earllat  lltcialun. 

tf.lOU),  BtbeilDff;  yoaagvr  iDnar  Bthel- 
L  and  Emma  [qrT,] :  Aed  Co  Normandy  with  hlj 
tf  bdwanl  onconqontof  Brtglandby  3weyn»1013: 
'— "  It  Cnnt  (lOM)  lauded  a-  "^ --'  -■— 


SLFWia  id.  lOSS),  al 


M7I-1.    Thnewf 


olote  ot  life,  be  rrtJnil  to 


!ew  UlDBtcr  (IMS): 
HasUngi.  [L  1S8] 

(rf.  1047),  biahop  of  WluchMi^r,  lOSS: 

obaplalo  of  Coat  am]  {in  legend  and  ballad)  tbe  lover 
ol  Cuut'a  widow,  Emma ;  blihop.  1031.  [1.  IBB] 

JKLLA  (d.  til  T),  BaiDU  ealdormsD ;  landed  is  DriUla, 
477;  captared  Andejida,  491;  became  klag  of  Snlth- 
Saioni  and '  flrsC  Bielwalda.'  [|.  1BD] 

£LLA|d.  tMJ,flnt  Ungof  the  DeinuuiUS:  ion  of 
Ittu  and  gmtdfatbet  of  Oiwald  tq.  t.]  :  threw  off  Ber- 
Diclan  yoke.  (i,  ub] 

XLLA(d.ga7),UngDf  tbe  Northombilani ;  tlaln  by 
the  Daoei  111  a  great  battle  near  York.  [L  lett] 

SLBOTH(A10St-llOIIXmoD)dihbki«apber:iiatlTe 
Martyr  ( printed  Copenhagen,  180S).  [1.  IJOJ 


HR  oonfeyiid 
ed  there  of 
[I.  16»] 
irQbblji1ri>p  of  Canterbury,  poealbly 

- _]ani,wa«blMbapof  Bainaharyand 

•a  elected  to  Canteitary  In  tH.    Hli  body 

1  u — 1 ■ . — .i_»_j  ^  Caolerhory  iu 

[1.  IS!] 


Bbb«aBBtJH» 
W7)  and  WIpp 


Mir»K, called  BiTl  (if.  lOW), 
im  d  XUrie  ijl.  lOM)  [q,  »,]  [u  lfl4] 

M.yiTtl.ellBlOimmTifPst/.lOOa). 
I^liliil  with  .Slfrlc  (d.  UMC)  [q.  c]  and 


ATSZL-  [BeeBTHEH 
STRBLSTAH.  [See  A' 
AFFLECK,   SlB  BDUUITD  (1713!-178e),  u 


>n£ly  j  dlslingniitaed  hi 


AFFLECK 


10 


AINSIilB 


AFFLEOK,  PHILIP  (17S6-1799),  admiral,  brother  of 
Sir  Edmund  Affleck  [q.  ▼.] ;  Ueatemmt,  1765 :  diBtin- 
goished  himself  nuder  Bosoawen  at  Loai8boarg«  1758 : 
■erred  onder  Rodney  in  West  Indies,  1780:  admiralty 
told,  1793-9.  [L  171] 

AOARD  or  AOAROS,  ARTHUR  (1540-1615),  anti- 
qaary ;  appointed  157U  deputy  chamberlain  of  the  ex- 
chequer ;  drew  up  catalogues  of  state  papers  and  records, 
and  also  a  Latin  treatise  duoidating  *  Domesday  Book  * : 
one  of  the  earliest  members  of  a  society  of  antiquaries 
founded  by  Archbishop  Parker,  157S.  His  essays  for  this 
society  on  the  antiquity  of  shires,  and  of  parliament,  on 
old  kind  measures,  heralds,  the  Inns  of  Court,  and  similar 
topics,  were  printed  by  T.  Heame  in  his  *  Oollectlons ' 
(17SU  and  1776).  His  scholarly  acumen  enabled  him  to 
fix  the  authorship  of  the  *  Dialogns  de  Scaccario '  [see 
FiTZNKALE  or  Fftznioel,  Richard].  He  was  buried  in 
Westminster  Abbey  cloisters.  Many  of  his  manuscripts 
are  in  the  British  Museum.  [L  172] 

A0A8,  RADULPH  or  RALPH  (1540  ?-16Sl),  land 
surveyor  and  maker  of  maps ;  practised  as  a  surveyor  in 
his  native  Suffolk,  but  is  known  for  his  three  odebrated 
maps  or  rather  bird*B-eye  views  of  Oxford  (1678,  Bodleian 
Libr.),  Cambridge  (1592,  ib.\  and  London  (1592  ?,  Pepys- 
ian  an«i  (Guildhall  Libraries).  His  admirable  view  of 
London  was  reiseued  with  spurious  alterations  by  G.  Yer- 
tue  in  1787,  and  accurately  by  W.  H.  Overall  in  1874 
C  Oivitas  Londinnm  ')•  [i- 173] 

A0A8SE,  JAMES  LAURENT (<t  1846 ?X  artist;  bom 
at  Geneva ;  studied  at  Paris,  and  praoUsed  in  England, 
1801-46,  as  a  painter  of  horses  and  dogs.  [i.  176] 

AOSLVOTH.    [See  Ethelnoth.] 

A00A8,  EDWARD  (Jl.  1564-1 601X  apprentioe  to 
H.  Toy  [q.  v.],  and  afterwa^:ds  bookseller  and  printer  in 
St.  Paurs  Churchyard ;  a  number  of  his  publications  are 
translations,  possibly  his  own.  [L  175] 

A00A8  or  AVOUS,  ROBERT  (d,  1679),  scene-painter 
to  Dorset  Garden  Theat^  temp.  Charles  IL       [i.  176] 

AOLIO,  AUGUSTINE  (1777-1857),  artist;  bom  at 
Cremona ;  studied  at  Milan ;  decorated  London  interiors 
and  theatre  ceilings ;  sent  landscapes  to  Royal  Aoidemy, 
and  executed  much  lithographic  work.  [i.  176] 

AOUOKBY,  EDWARD  (1580-1587  ?X  recorder  of 
Warwick,  1572,  and  M.P.  for  that  town ;  made  an  oration 
to  Elizabeth  on  her  visit  ther  ;  rendered  from  lAtia  the 
'  Epistle  of  Dr.  Mathewe  Gribalde,*  1550.  [i*  176] 

AOUOKBT,  JOHN  (d.  1611),  royal  chaplain  aud 
principal  of  St.  Edmund  liaU,  Oxford.  [i.  177] 

AQKEW,  Sill  ANDREW,  Bart.  (1687-1771),  general, 
of  Wigtonshire;  fought  at  Ramillies,  Oudenardc,  aud 
MalpUquct;  promoted  lieutenant-colonel,  1740:  distin- 
guished himself  at  Dettingen,  and  against  Jacobites 
at  Blair  Castle  (1746);  as  *  sheriff*  of  l^iiemouth 
Oastle  wod  known  to  Walter  Scott.  [i.  177] 

A(}HEW,  SIR  ANDREW,  Bart.  (1793-1849),  Sabba- 
tarian promoter ;  took  charge  in  1832  of  abortive  parlia- 
mentaiy  movement  to  *  protect  the  Lord's  Day.*  [i.  178] 

AONEW,  PATRICK  ALEXANDER  VANS  (1822- 
1848),  Indian  official ;  assistant  to  resident  at  lAhore, 
1SI8 ;  despatched  on  administrative  mission  to  Mul- 
tan;  was  there  murdered  by  natives  (April),  an  out- 
rage which  led  to  second  Sikh  war  and  annexation  of 
PmijAb.  [i.  178] 

AOiriLAS,  GRACE  ( 1816-1847X  novelist ;  of  (SpaniHh) 
Jewish  parentage :  after  some  girlish  dramas  and  poems, 
produced  in  1842  '  Spirit  of  Judaism  *  and  similar  essays. 
Better  known  are  her  novels  'Home  Influence,*  1847, '  A 
Mother's  Recompense,*  1860,  and  the  pathetic  fifteenth' 
century  Spanish  story,  *  Tlie  Vale  of  Cedars,'  1850  (last 
two  translated  into  German).  [i.  179] 

A0U8  or  AOAB,  BENJAMIN  (Jf.  1662),  divine,  of 
Wymondham,  Norfolk ;  published  a  '  Vindication  of  Non- 
conformity.' [l.  180] 

AOJSTTER,  WILLIAM  (1758-1836),  preacher ;  M.A. 
Mu«7«lsileu  College,  Oxford,  1784;  noted  for  his  sermons, 
especially  one  oontrastiug  deathbeds  of  Dr.  Johnson  and 
David  Hume  (1786).  [i.  180] 


AlOXnr  or  AIKin,  PRANOIS  id,  1805),  actor ;  Dob- 
lin  weaver's  son ;  played  at  Smock  Alley,  DubUu ;  ap- 
peared at  Drory  Lane  as  Dick  in  *  Confederacy,*  1765 ; 
Uter  in  tragic  parte,  and  managed  liverpool  aud  Bdin- 
borgh  theatres.  [L  181] 

AIOKnr  or  AlXnr,  jambs  (</.  ISOSX  actor ;  brother 
of  Frauds  Aikin  [q.  v.] ;  appeared  at  Ckinongate,  Edin- 
burgh, 1766,  Dnuy  Lane,  1767,  in  heavy  parte ;  fought 
duel  with  John  Kemble  over  a  theatre  quarrel,  1792. 

ft  181] 

AXDAir  (d,  606),  West  Scottish  king  (of  Dalriada). 

[L  181] 

AIDAV,  Saint  (d.  651),  first  bbhop  of  Lindisfame  ; 
set  outtf rom  lona,  635,  to  evangelise  Northumbriu  ;  was 
bdCrlended  by  King  Oswald,  whose  people  flocked  to 
bear  the  monks  of  Lindisfame;  on  (^wrald's  death 
worked  chiefly  in  Deira,  winning  the  heart  of  King 
Oswini,  whose  death  at  Bamborough  (August  651)  he 
sarvived  but  a  few  days ;  buried  at  Lindisfame.  [L 182] 


MARY  (1787-1858%  founder  of  the 
Irish  sisters  of  charity;  bred  a  protestant;  opened  the 
first  (Roman  cathohc)  convent  of  sisters  of  charity. 
DubUn,  1816.  [i.  183] 


^  THOMAS   (I678?-1697X  Edinburgh 
apothecary's  son :  hanged  for  ridiculing  the  bible. 

[i.  183] 
AIKin,  ANNA  LBTITIA  (1743-1825).     [See  Bar- 

BACLD.] 


.,  ARTHUR  (1773-1864),  chemist;  son  of  John 
Aikin  [q.  v.] ;  educated  by  Barbauld  at  Palgrave  ;  a 
pioneer  of  Geological  Society,  1807  ;  a  fellow  of  Linnean 
Society ;  secretary  of  Society  of  Arte ;  treasurer  of 
Chemical  Society,  1841  ;  published  manuals  of  mineralogy 
and  chemistry,  a  *  Dictionary  *  of  these  sciences  (1807-14), 
and  translated  Denon's '  Travels '  (1801).  [l.  184] 

AIKnr,  CHARLES  ROCHEMONT  (1776-18i7), 
doctor:  M.R.Ci}. ;  wrote  on  ^Cowpox  '  (1800),  and  colla- 
borated in  the  '  Chemical  Dictionary  '  of  his  elder  brother, 
Arthur  Aikin  [q.  v.]  [i.  184] 

AIKIN,  EDMUND  (1780-1820),  architect;  brother 
of  Arthur  and  Charles  Aikin  [q.  v.];  contributed  archi- 
tectural articles  to  Rees's  *  Encyclopsedia.*  [L  186] 


JOHN  (1713-1780),  schohir  and  theological 
tutor ;  bom  in  Scotland :  studied  at  Aberdeen  with  dis- 
tinction ;  became  divinity  tutor  at  (dissenting)  Warring- 
ton Academy  (1761-78) ;  D.D.  Aberdeen.  [i.  186] 


r,  JOHN  (1747-1822),  author  ;  son  of  preceding ; 
studied  at  Edinburgh,  London,  and  Lqrden  (M.D.); 
practised  at  Yarmouth ;  removed  to  Stobe  Newington, 
1798 ;  his  house  a  resort  of  liberal  thinkers,  Priestley, 
Darwin,  Howard,  and  others ;  compiled  *  Memoirs  of 
Medicine  in  Great  Britain,'  the  lion's  share  of  the,ten-VQj. 
*  Gtenend  Biography,'  and  wrote  biographical  and'  critical 
essays  and  prefaces.  [1. 185] 


LUCY  (1781-1864),  daughter  of  preceding : 
lived  chiefly  at  Hampstead,  where  she  compiled  her 
*  historical  memoirs*  of  the  courte  of  Elizabeth  (1818X 
of  James  I  (1822),  of  Charles  I  (1833),  her  lives  of  Addison 
and  Mrs.  Barbauld  (her  aunt),  and  minor  pieces.  Her 
correspondence  with  Channing  (1826-1842)  is  a  valuable 
illustration  of  the  unlterian  circle  to  which  the  Aikius 
belonged.  [i.  186] 


r,  WILLIAM  (1682-1731),  portraiUst ;  studied 
under  Sir  J.  Medina :  practised  at  Edinburgh ;  painted 
portraite  of  Allan  Kamsay  and  Thomson  (whom  be 
assisted).  Gay,  Somervile,  and  Argyll ;  modelled  his 
style  on  Kneller.  [i.  187] 

AILE8BTJKY,  Earls  op.  [See  Bruce,  Robert,  first 
Earl,  d,  1685;  Bruce,  Thomas,  second  Earl,  1665?- 
1741.] 

ATTilTBIl  (d.  1137).    [Sec  Ethelmj^i.] 

ATTiR'KT)  OF  Rievaulx  (1109  ?-1166).    [See  Ethel- 

RED.] 

ADTOSR,  THOMAS  (1799-1883),  honorary  pre- 
bendary of  St.  Paul's.  [i.  188] 

AUrSLIE,  GEORGE  ROBERT  (1776-1839X  Reneral  ; 
ensign  19th  regiment,  1793,  captain,  1794,  major,  1799 ; 
lieutenaut-coloDel  in  a  fenclble  regiment,   1800;    lien- 


Niw   York, 
liM.  [I.  isai 

AIKSLIE,  SiH  BOBERT  (179ur-lSI9},UDlJUBd<I^ 
ud  BEUBlButlit ;  kniglileil  llll ;  amliuaxlor  to  Cou- 
«witiiwplclT;t-»I:|iaidinea,lTM:  11.F.  tor  HUbonu 
!«,    eiemata,    ITM-lWtj    ondBl    buonet,    UM  : 

H  ot«Mchwt«  pal 


E.  BOBEKT  (17M-l«a8).  WTita  to  ttae  rigniit, 

[q.YO:  oOTTBapcMidifnt  of 

oral  two  imul  RUgtoasKrorkk  [I.  IK] 

,__n  WHITEUW  (l!«7-l83J),«ntgH)n  In 

Kvl    IdiII*   CoDiiSDy'B    Krrkic  ITSS-lBIt ;  nubltetiet 
■ "■   ■      -  n-(ISU)niddiQUiir       ' 


nsmpilcd  ■  L>tiii-ED8lub  dictioiury,  17M.         li.  IM] 

AIXBWOBTB.  wiLLiAU  FRANOts  (leoT-iwex 

miogtsl ;  QKUiD  ol  Willtau  UaTTiaon  AiiuwofUj  [q.  v.] ; 
Lb^&,  SUnbinUb.  1B97 ;  ■tollal  nologT  fn  LaodoD, 
Iteti.  and  BnuKli :  fonntel.  IBM.- minbcuEli  JiniiMl  of 
SatmIi(iida«i«iii|ifaiaBlBdtnDe'(IBlU-l):  lorgHiii  ud 
icolo^in  IS  npidltloii  to  Kapbimto,  under  Pranoll  Rii«- 
dnu  ChHDqr  [q.  t.],  1831 ;  tooli  Chiam  of  etpedltlDn  to 
CtariiUui  of  tUubkk.  183S-40;  poMiabsd  mceonotE  of 
B:tdiUiroCNfwMoqihlyM«MliK!,'18n; 


lluiulDC ' ;  Und  >t   Kmul  Onat,   vban  Dlcke 

r.  landawr.  OlBiksn  Sluldd,  TnUanrd,  Jrr- 
n  ■moQff  fall  ffOcatB,    Ho  wrote 
7  tdnoHal,Df  whloh  Ifae  bat 
■111,'  l«S»,  "Xowet  of  Iiondon,' 
^^(11,  -ij  aHt.  fHolt,'  iMl, ' The  Atlser't l>aaghUT,'  L8IS. 
■ol' WiaUaOutle/lMS.  [Lie?] 

AIOId.>7<).tii>Ioriui:m[iibuloiiii  monk  of  Croytiuid 
JtbbF}^.  whov  rappadtJUaiii  work  »  qaotcd  in  Infrniri 
lorgHl  ■  Cluonlclc*  [L  me] 

AISAT.  CHHISTOPHBB  (1K1-IS70},  ploiiHr  In 
ZogBtb  lOBk;    fdlow    oI    Qdmd'i   Cvlltst^    Oxford, 


DoaAlot  Hlth  Laud  : 
«,  IBia  :  ui  rmuKellcaJ  Cslrtnlst,  bn 
mi  ■gnln.t  RoQU:.  [L  IM] 

(iSM-inre).  BartiiiOi  po 


Tilt  ngimaDl,  177* :  ngopnipsnifd  -tBlh  r^meut  to  Wat, 
lixUa  Be  UeulaiHnU  1781:  rspulu  1788:  nwlttal  Blr 
Ctiarle  Orey  In  ndurins  Fnncli  Wwl  iDdla  liluid-^ 
17*1 :  tlnti^rmiit-mlDiiil  8th  tivimEnt,  1788;  hL'td  offiOEa 
In  UlDorco.  Irebtnd.  Sidtj.  sul  the  loiiliu  liluida  :  lieu- 
tOttPt-^euvnd,  11931 ;  melt^  oomnvnil  of  &9th  nifimDitt 
1BM;K.C.H.  [LSWl] 

AIKET,  SIB  JAUBB TALBOT  (IBIS-IBIB),  fwml; 
Mn  ol  Sir  Oeoi«T  Aii?;  [q.  •.]  ;  cn^i^,  1830  :  ?im  aidB- 

UBbol  and  in  Onulior  csuipAlHU ;  umjor,  IBSl :  Mrvdl  in 
Orlnmi  lioibuiuili-efDmil  uhI  K.C.B,  1877;  Koieral, 
1881.  [Huppl.  L  ill 

AIBXY.  RICHARD,  Lnnu  Aikkv  (1»i3-IB81),  Ktne- 
nil;Bouo(SirH«irBeAii*ylq.  ».l ;  Bilu™tal«SiiudUiif«t, 

uid  UealeuBDt-colonel,  »th  rei^uieu  t,  lUUas :  mlDne!  iind 

EictBl  to  {JrlmcBJi  Hrmj,  18&4-a  ;   niHior-inucml  jiiid 
O.B..  IBM ;  qu«Tl«nDji>Uv-KaiErvl.  180A-6£ ;  etonpTBtod 
hlDrielf  cif  chftrga  Df  iuefflcieOL-y  ill  CHniefl,  IRte ;  pi^ 

DT^tol  jioT,  1^6  ;  piTiklQit  of  the  aimmLulaii  on  tb« 
■bun  Krrlw  tyttaa,  187e.  IL  SVi] 

AIBTH,  BntRuiL(lMl-lDeO.    [evcGiuuiH,  Wii^ 

AtBT.  SIB  GEORGE  BIDDELL  llBCl-lSStJ,  «U»- 
noEncTTojal;  aiisar  at  Trinity  Colkw, (.^ombriditc,  IHLO; 

IHH;  acmbFT 'of  Aiumomlal  fiodoty,  IHRi,  ind  ot 
Oealogical  Soolety,  18n:  Lnoului  proftMor  ol  matb>- 
nuitiea  at  Cuubridge,  18»;  Flamiui  proiasHr  ol  iiliv- 

'   dinnioT  of  Ounbitdci  DbKmtary,  una ; 

royBl,  I8U-81 :  FJLB..  18H ;  Btulpnd  Ronl 
wllh  HutmmaiU  dnlgDcd  by  LlsB%  Minalal 
-'    niut^uetia  mid  mctennliiBicil  deputmenti 

;  Bold  BwUlltat,  Hoy»l 

ly,  18(9 :  contmllid  Britiib  cipedltlmu 
uiiHnene  uueii  of  Tcniu.  1871.  uid  BDbHqaniUy  n- 
dacsd  oollwtol  dBW ;  IJ.CL.,  Oifort,  1«M :  LL.D..  Omn- 
brl^  IMl,  DDd  Eilhibnrgh:  K.O.k,  IXIS;  publUlwd 
volnaiinDui  aTitinge  on  utrouondcal  eubli«<<- 

[BuppL  1.  *a: 
AIBLAXIX,  JOHN  (1870-17111.  •tAtnmHD  ;  )[J>.  for 
Rlpoo,  l«gs-170!  and  iros-ll,  i 

bi^b  uilmiTBl,  171S  :  auccGHlvely 


1838 ;  ndo«d  alt  plnnetar)'  at 


lyUipolIt 


ilnig  officg  of  Ion] 

Lppocled  Sojtii  ti<K 
imaipaayi  Kuemc  lor  luyuiR  du  um^onHl  debt.  1710,  JM^d 
ou  ltd  fullun  uaa  cipeUul  llur  hoiuu.  1791.  [1.  Su3] 

AITCEieOII.  Bill  CHARLES  UMPHEBSTUN  (1831- 
IBBeX  llcQIcnant-goTnnar  ot  Uw  Puuiiib;  cdccated  at 
Bdhibuwh  {«.*,.  1883,  LUD,  1877),  an-"  -'  ■>-"■■-  — - 
UndlndianciTllgiErvin. ISM;  undcr-Hn 
departtnent,  India,  18ie-U:  «i 
'- — * —  Buretary,  1868-78 :  cblrf 
tB7S-81 ;  llnitaiaDt-KiivEr 

381:  C.I.E.,  1BS3:  pobllibed  'Collection  of  Treatin 
.  .  reUtIng  to  India'  (1S6)-B1,  11  xob.),  bikI  oihar 
■ork..  [SuppLLSB] 

AlTKBir,  JAJIKS(176S-ir;7).iuoarili.rT.  toowna* 

Eijon  FlBdLluy  Coiuuioii ;  floJ  Ui  Amiiieasu.1  t<w)i  port 


AITKBN 


12 


AT.BEBT 


in  tea-daty  riots  at  Boston ;  retomed,  1775,  and,  being 
imbued  with  anti-monarchioal  prindples,  planned  de> 
Btraotlon  of  BritiBh  navy  when  aboat  to  sail  against 
America ;  socceeded  in  firing  some  storehouses  at  Ports- 
mouth and  Bristol,  and  was  ultimately  executed  at  Ports- 
mouth. LI.  306] 

AITKZK,  JOHN  (1798-1833),  editor  of  *  Constable's 
Miscellany' ;  employed  in  a  bank,  but  in  1822  became 
bookseller  in  EkUnburgb;  wrote  occasional  verse  and 
prose.  [i-  306] 

AITXEH,  ROBBBT  (1800-1873),  preacher;  ordained, 
1828  ;  withdrew  from  Bnglish  church ;  preached  hi  Wes- 
leyan  and  other  chapels,  and  returned  to  Bnglish  church, 
1840 ;  beneficed  hi  Cornish  parishes ;  directed  building  of 
a  fine  church  at  Pendeen.  [i*  306] 

AITKEir,  Sir  WILLIAM  (1825-1892),  pathologist ; 
M.D.  Edhibnrgh,  1848 ;  assistant  pathologist  to  medi- 
cal commission  in  Crimea,  1855 :  professor  of  pathology 
at  army  medical  school.  Fort  Pitt,  Chatham  (afterwards 
at  Netiey),  1860-92 ;  P.R.S,  1873 ;  knighted,  1887  ;  pub- 
lished medical  writings.  [SuppL  L  26] 

AITKIK,  JOHN  id,  1790X  surgeon ;  M.R.C.8.  Edin- 
burgh, 1770 ;  surgeon  and  lecturer  at  Bdlnburgh,  1779 ; 
made  some  practical  improvements  in  surgery  and  wrote 
medical  wmrks.  [i.  206] 

AITOK,  JOHN  (1797-1868),  reUgioos  writer ;  son  of 
William  Alton  (1760-1848)  [q.v.] :  published  a  refutation 
of  Robert  Owen,  1824.  [t  207] 

AITOK,  WILLIAM  (1731-1798),  botanist;  assistant 
gardener  at  Botanic  Gaiden,  ChelBeE^  1754 ;  mani^:er  of 
Kew  Botanic  Gardens,  1759 ;  manager  of  royal  forcing 
and  pleasure  gardens  at  Kew  and  Bichmond,  1783; 
published  *  Hortus  Kewensis,*  1789.  [i.  207] 

AITOK,  WILLIAM  (1760-1848),  sheriff-substitute  of 
I^mark :  authority  on  Scottish  huabancbry ;  wrote  histo- 
rical and  agricultural  works.  [i.  207] 

AITOK,  WILLIAM  TOWNSEND  (1766-1849),  bota- 
nist; son  of  William  Alton  (1781-1798)  [q.  v.],  whom  he 
assisted  and  succeeded  at  Kew,  1793  ;  edited  his  father's 
*  Hortus  Kewensis,'  1810-13  ;  a  founder  and  fellcnv  of  the 
Boyal  Horticultural  Society.  [L  208] 

AXZKSIDE,  MARK  (1721-1770),  poet  and  physician  ; 
after  1737  oontribnted  frequently  to  the  *Oentleman'0 
Magazine ' ;  sent  to  Edhiburgh  to  study  theology,  1739, 
but  abandoned  it  for  medicine,  1740 ;  member  of  the  Medi- 
cal Society  of  Edinburgh,  1740 ;  practised  in  Newcastle, 
1741-3  ;  went  to  London  and  published  *  Pleasures  of  the 
Imagination,'  a  didactic  poem,  1744 ;  toured  in  Holland, 
and  graduated  doctor  of  physic  at  Leydeu  ;  practised  at 
Northampton,  1744,  and  at  Hampstead,  1745-7  ;  becoming 
embarrassed,  he  was  rdieved  and  provided  for  by  Jere- 
miah Dyson,  and  ultimately  rose  to  enunenoe  in  his  pfo- 
fession  ;  doctor  (by  mandamus)  of  Cambridge  University 
and  P.R.8.,  1753;  P.C.P.,  1754;  physician  to  ChrLst's 
Hoi^pltal,  1759 ;  physldan  to  the  queen,  1761 ;  collected 
poems  published,  1772.  [L  208] 

AXERKAK,  JOHN  TONGE  (1806-1873),  uumisma- 
tLst  and  antiquary ;  secretary  to  William  Cobbett,  and 
later,  to  Lord  Albert  Conyngham ;  F.S.A.,  1834 :  joint 
secretary,  1848,  and  sole  secretary,  1853-60  :  started  and 
contributed  largely  to  *  Numismatic  Journal  * ;  helped  to 
found  Numismatic  Society  of  London,  1836.        [L  211] 

ALABASTER,  WILLIAM  (1567-1640),  Latin  poet 
and  divine ;  nephew  by  marriage  of  John  Still,  author  of 
'  Gammer  Gurton's  Needle ' ;  educated  at  Westminster  and 
Trinity  College,  Cambridge;  began  a  Latin  epic  to 
Elizabeth,  preserved  in  manuscript ;  wrote  *  Boxana  *  be* 
fore  1592;  accompanied  Earl  of  Essex  as  chaplain  to 
Cadiz,  1596 ;  converted  to  Romanism ;  after  publishing 
several  religions  works  and  suffering  imprisonment  was 
reconverted  to  protestantism ;  D.D.,  '.prdsendary  of  St. 
Paul's  and  rector  of  Therfield,  Hertfordshire.       [i.  211] 

ALAIK  DE  Lille  or  de  L'Isle  (1114-1203),  scholar ; 
has  been  identified  with  Alain  de  Flandre,  bishop  of 
Auxerre,  c  1152 ;  nationality  imcertahi ;  probably  spent 
much  time  in  England  with  Cistercians;  wrote  *  Com- 
mentary on  Merlin's  Prophecies,*  and  in  prose  and  verse 
on  other  Bubjects ;  possibly  rector  of  the  ecclesiastical 
HchooL  Paris;  retired  to  abbey  of  (?iteaaz,  where  he 
died.  [U  SIS] 


ALAK  OF  Bbocleb  (d.  1240),  official  secretary  to 
Archbishops  Pandnlph  and  Thomas  de  BlundeviUe  d 
Norwich,  1218-36 ;  archdeacon  of  Sudbury,  1225 ;  one  of 
the  arbitrators  between  Bishop  Qioaseteste  and  his  chap- 
ter, 1289.  [U  214] 

ALAK  OF  Lton  CJt.  1484  ?X  CarmeUte  monk  and 
scholastic  [L  214] 

ALAK  OP  Tewkesbxjry  (12th  centoryX  writer ;  pro- 
iMbly  for  some  years  canon  of  Benevento,  Italy,  where  be 
became  hiterested  in  Henry  II's  struggle  with  Beoket; 
entered  monastery  of  Christ  Church,  Canterbury,  1174 ; 
Incurred  Henry  II's  displeasure  by  procuring  authority  to 
collect  Peter's  pence ;  subsequently  Abbot  of  Tewkesbury 
till  death  ;  wrote  life  of  Becket  [L  214] 

ALAK  OF  WAiiiiKGHAM  (d.  1364  ?!  architect ;  junior 
monk  at  Ely,  1314 ;  8ul>prior,  1321 ;  designed  St.  Mary's 
Chapel,  now  Trinity  Chureh,  Ely ;  sacristan  1321 ;  re- 
built tower  of  tlie  cathedral  and  made  other  additions, 
constructing  the  unique  *  lantern  * ;  prior,  1841 ;  bishop- 
elect  of  Ely,  1344  and  1361,  but  etocaon  set  aside  by  the 
pope.  [L  215] 

ALAK,  WILLIAM  (15SS-1594).  [See  Allen,  Wil- 
liam.] 

ALAKD,  Sir  JOHN  FOBTESCUE,  first  Barox  Fob- 
TEBCUB  of  Credan  (1670-1746).  justioc  of  common  pleas, 
1728-46 ;  solicitor-general  to  Prince  of  Wales,  1714,  and  to 
king,  1715 ;  baron  of  exchequer,  1717 ;  justice  of  king's 
bench,  1728.  [L  216] 

ALAKX,  ALEXANDER  (1600-1666).  [See  ALBSius, 
Alexander.] 

ALA8C0,  JOHN  (1499-1560).    [See  Laski,  John.] 

ALBAK,  St.  {d.  304?),  caUed  *protomartyr  of  Bri- 
tain * ;  said  by  Bede  to  have  suffered  (22  June,  c  804),  on 
site  of  future  abbey  of  St.  Albans,  martyrdom  for  shelterinf^ 
a  Christian  cleric  who  converted  him ;  Offa(cf.  796)  [q.  v.] 
is  believed  to  have  dlaoovered  the  martyr's  body. 

[Suppl.  I.  27] 

ALBAKT,  LOUISA,  CouxTras  of  (1753-1824),  wife 
of  Prince  Charles  Edwaid,  the  Young  Pretender ;  daughter 
of  Gustavos  Adolphus,  prince  of  Stolbei^-Qedem ;  on 
death  of  her  &ther  became  pensioner  of  EJmpress  Maria 
Theresa ;  canoness  of  Mons,  1770 ;  secretly  married  Charles 
Edward,  1772 ;  left  him  after  eight  years,  and  lived  with 
Alfieri  the  poet ;  on  outbreak  of  Froich  revolution  came 
to  England  and  was  received  at  court ;  on  death  of 
Alfieri  (1830)  Uved  with  Fabre,  a  French  artist ;  died 
at  Florence.  [L  216] 

ALBAKY,  Duke  of  (1853-1884).    [See  Leopold.] 

ALBAKY,  Dukes  of.  [See  Stewart,  Bobert,  first 
Duke,  1840  ?-1420  ;  Stewart,  Murdac  or  Murdoch, 
second  Duke,  d.  1425 ;  Stkwakt,  Alexander,  Duke  of 
Albany,  1454  7-1485 ;  Stewart,  John,  Duke  of  Albant* 
1481-1536.] 

ALBEKARLE,  Dukbs  of.  [See  Monck,  Oeorok,  fint 
Duke,  1608-1670 ;  Monck,  Christopher,  second  Duke, 
1653-1688.] 

ALBEKAULK,  Earus  of.  [See  Wiluam  de  Fors, 
d.  1243;  William  de  Fors  d.  1260 ;  Keppel,  Arnold 
JoosT  VAN,  first  Earl  of  the  Keppel  family,  1669-1718 ; 
Kkppsl,  William  Anne,  second  Earl,  1702-1754; 
Keppel,  Oeoroe,  third  Earl,  1724-1772;  Keppel, 
Qborge  Thomas,  sixth  Earl,  1799-1891 ;  Keppel,  Wil- 
uam CouTi>),  seventh  Earl,  1832-1894.] 

ALBERT  PltAKOIS  0HABLE8  ATrOTTBTXTB  KM- 
KAKTJEL  Princb-Consort  of  England  (1819-1861X 
second  son  of  Ernest,  duke  of  Saxe-Coborg-Gotha,  and 
of  Louise,  daughter  of  Augustus,  duke  of  Saxe-Qotha- 
Altenburg ;  educated  under  private  tutor ;  visited  Eng- 
land with  Duke  of  Coburg,  1836,  when  the  Princess  Victoria 
expressed  her  willingness  to  accept  Albert  as  consort; 
continued  his  educatUm  at  Brussels  and  Bonn,  1836-8 ; 
travelled  through  Italy  with  Baron  Stockmar ;  came  to 
England  and  became  betrothed  to  Queen  Victoria,  1839  ; 
married  1840  ;  his  annuity,  proposed  at  50,000/.,  was  fixed 
at  30,0007.,  largely  through  influence  of  Peel ;  counsdled 
by  Stockmar ;  became  a  director  of  the  Ancient  Concerts 
and  assisted  Philharmonic  Society ;  appointed  regent  hi 
case  of  queen's  death,  1840 ;  placed  by  Peel  at  head  of 
royal  commission  on  reboilding  of  Hooaas  of  Parliament, 


ALBBBT 


ALDBB 


_, ,,  .      .  ,  ....        TUBSEll  (1'»»-1M6>,  »iit 

«M*Ka(T>  W*7;  tais!!;  MdcdttataBMOlaUHpoftirm-  |  qiBJT  ;  Ubiulu  or  UaUdtaiill  Ubmj;  mmpUid  lulciti 
^a  cf  tar  poUlkil  doMi,  ud  oBtnd  tiiim  to  to  WlD«bat«r  ud  Eallgbair  ecclolutkad  t^ 
^■^■i ;  limUJ  Emmnlila  Impnarinn  bj  ijiiipithj  i  Un.  [I.  )M] 

■■MiJI>lwnitw«tliir^—««.l»«;«d«ie>l«a..y^  ALOmnnrS  (a.  rsij.  bUhon  or  HE>b»m,  ?«T;   r 

i^  ^^^m  for  t»lidM  troow  (onnM  U  (       ALOOOK,  JOHN  (ItSU-lWO).  bl.hop   ol   R«^— 

_1  l^*«  adria  ^  nbm  Ouaflumt  ttu     llT>,_Won»ta',    1471.  Ely,  1(M;   IX.D.,  Oiml 
:  moaAil  Ib  i^Bid  to  Tmt  BOiilr  •  ii™- 
oM  wbtdi  *nR*il  w«r  wlUi  DalUd 


;  rector,  Bt^Um^vrt't,  f 


ibrirtge. 


nCludcb  uid  a 


ijoltiU;  with 
Wtor  to  Bl- 
ot »y«I  bDUdlivi,  net :  pabUrbed 


IMi  IWILililwl  ■ Ubi  Til r  Wiln (kftawudi 

HndTfi):  jciDal  limning  "-  ""' ''-^- 

—     ■^—  -    — ' — -'    "»-^"-  ^joutgOt  UUDDTnt 

1  «U»4»4uae  I-  .— — 


.  bliliDp  of  Lincoln)  ud  l*a 
.     imptrdler  ot  »y«I  bDlUli^i,  nei  :  pnt 
:  nllgloni  norki.  [1. : 


^Mrk,  UM  :  betrottel 
Vi^X  U*l.  <nt  d>^  M(( 

;  BmiA  <isii-iHTX 


MujolTeck 
York  wid  PrlDcm  «( 
*«&       [SoppLLW] 


AI.0O0X,  JOHN  (17MI-1781\  do> 
ot  iTobn  Alcock  (ITlt-iatK)  [q.  t.1,  1 
17M  :  (ugulmt  at  WiOhiU.  17TI  UuJbI 

ALOOOZ  or  ALLOOCZ.  JOHN  (I7II-1BM1, 
mulo  ;  onrui^t  it  Ucbfleld  Oalbcdnl,  174ft-4 


Bu,  Oifnd, 

[i.»n 


pa,  ait  %    «nt  niK  jmn  Id  Bagtiad ;  pi 
■MiMt  «<  Tnulcn.  BBDonr:  pobUibsl  phUs 


[lTj*: 


ALOOOE,  NATHAK  (1707-in»).  pbjnldu  ;  itndltd 
>t  BdlDbnrgb  (Dd  Leydcn.  vben  be  grkJulol  M J)..  17sr  ; 
BctuRd  OIL  chnnliC^  at  Oxford,  tLon^li  unrnDtbortHd  bf 
he  UQlvBiity  ;  U.A.  and  inoorpontad  of  Jctui  CoLlcga, 
HI:  MJ),  17«;  F.aa:  F.B.O.P,  17M;  aflervudi 
iruUHd  It  Bancatn.  IL  1171 

ALCOOZ,  SIR  RUTHEKPORD  (IWt-lMT),  dlplo- 
__^_..  .__■ ^ ,_    ^__. — ,    igjj^ 


■.T,  JAJOa  (lS»-tSM),  dnnuUit:  became 


A  Foehov,  Cbina, 
oeDnil<gBDaml  1 
tj  D.O.L-  Oi(m 


ALMm    (PvniaatX     WILLI  AU 
Axcwon.  Id.  117ex  HO  of  WilUini  de 
~iitlK),bTH»d,dw 

.-A  AdtHiB  [n-  T.],     —      - 

mull  III  :  ogBBmud  by  Hem?  II  in 
■nd  iBda  Ub  tgtiait  Prluoa  Hon;, 

Umi,  WILLIAlt  Di,  EiHi.  or  Abcksel,  ulio 
l<aL ^jr  Wuwwn f rf  IttTJ^giMdinnirfrHTf^lng  ;  Iatot^^ 
tttM  Ktas  Jahn,bgt  la  the  barons'^ remit  ndbered 
""^  -"^  -  - — "-tar,  UI7.  [L  B4] 

UMOn  or  AmnST,  WILLIAM  DK  (d.  13MX 
pil>  ul««pwe«atiig;  ibcriff  mod Itlneniit  joiUn onder 
llitmil  1,  John,  mai  Boot  III ;  o(  U>e  modenta  pvty 
IB  tki  tana'  nralt ;  fluDj  longht  agilaii  loba :  blgb 


AUSTBRB  (;(.  «UX  DDds-klni. 
4  Oiwtii,  ktof  ol  NertbDiiibrla,  uid  Buflied.  dmigbler 
*B»lBliw  :  muiM  Clnwbarti,  duubtn-  ot  FaidA,  kloi 
ri  WiRto  :  with  0.V1D  defeoUd  Mercbuu.  «H  :  tooE 
|B(  is  itninle  betwtea  Odtlc  ud  Bamu  cburcbn, 
■4  IhBt  tabed  Bomu  put}.  [113'] 


'  Toun.  7IM :  wnte  mnrlcal  uuiilF, 
«ud  pbUoMphlal  Korki.  [L  HI] 

ALOAK.  THOMAS  (if.  IBMX  vaitr ;  (Ml;  diHHpk 
t  Oeor^  Fox  ;  Imprisoned  at  York^  lAAI,  {L  111] 


h  paidpb 


ALSBOEOIFOH,  •eomd  Earl  iir.    [See  EtrattDBD, 

ALSKR,  JOeHCA  {17M-IBB7A  looloelat;  Wend  oC 
ThoDuu  Bewlok :  member  at  NewcsnCle  Lltenry  and 
Sclentinc  e™iely.  ISlf;  derottd  bbnaell  to  coiicholoBJ 
and  zcopbjtology  ;  recelTedcMl  ]i«tpennlonof  70/..  1807; 
pabllibol  nllh  Albany  Hancock  a  noili  aa  ilritldi 
Mollun,  1M(-M.  [L  Ml] 


AU>EBSBY 

ALOXKBET.  LAUBKMOB  (J>.  1M1-1CS8),  la 
mat  lo  Jfinualem,  goumejing  overluid  to  Veni 
iDd  to  AleiBDdiui,  liiiimK  Touli,  Oypnia, 


AliEXANDER 


ALDSaSOS,  AMELIA 

iTTiHwann  siH  ED  W Aim 
jpdga ;  olLicatflrl  at  ObarterboiiH  ana  uaiui  uoiieee»uvr 
brUee :  Browue'H  nwdalUBt.  180T  ;  atiilar  wrengier,  (In 
Bmith'i>  pri»mui,  and  drat  cbuixllor's  nHdallUt.  1809 
oUed  Co  bar.  Tuna*  Temple,  191! ;  nporter  to  king 
boKh,  ISII'}) ;  judge  ol  coart  of  Himmrm  pint.  ISM 
tanm  of  McbtqiKT,  1M4.  El-S**] 

AUSBBOM,  SIR  JAMBS  (irst-lSBtX  phr^dtui :  h 
otJotan  Aiaenadrq.  V.];  H.A.,  Pembrote  CIallt«c  Qui 
biUge,  IHlt:  MJ>^  Magdalen  OoUegi.  Oxford.  Ian 
FJLO.P.,  1830;  pimctlBsd  In  Hnll.  and  Ik*      '     •      ■ 

Pbratoliuu,  lesr ;  kiilghud.  lUfl  ;  phfalins 

ALOtStBOS,  JOHN  (1717-lgn),  pbyt^rian  ; 
In  Hnll:  publl'Ual  euajg  on  feirr  (I7g»)  and 
(17M);  pb^IlDlan  to  Hull   InBnnary, 


nmrrUga  vlth  Anne  of  Olevi 
rud  ?I  pmtated  Hgaltut  chorcb  reforme,  [ 

ALSSIDOB,  WILLIAM  (irsr-lTS?X  nonco 
nifllvler;  baTing  Illicit  away  hiA  foatfa,  vnlt 
loaiitaa  of  BanUngdan'e  c«])t«e  at  Trerecca : 
Lt  Margale,  Dover,  and  Wapping ;  loft  OiB  oi 


jil(18M) 
ALSFaiTH,  EALDFKTFB  or 

of  Nort^ambrta :  UleglUmales 


[L!M] 


hi>  brother  Bi^th,  tSi  ; 

ptety ;  nalited  tbe  RomUh  party,  [L  iMJ 

ALSOTTB  (Jl.  lOai),  danghter  of  .:Slfgar,  «ri  ol 
Mercia :  mnrrial  Oniffydd,  king  of  Wale^  and  later,  pTO- 
baMy,  Harold,  who  bad  oonqnaral  OriiJTjild,  and  mu 
already  pledged  to  s  dangbtn  of  WllUam  L        0-  ■<*] 


irly  twenlj  jeara.  [t  Ssa] 

™  ^.,^u.M  ALDDLP,  king  o(  KoHlinnibria  <tf.  810).    [Bn  Eabd- 

1,  OolUge  of     '"^-J 

tnonUnary  ALDITLF  or  KALDULP  (d.    1001),  anliblBbop   ot 

[L  143]         Tork ;  ponlbly  cbancellor  to  Kti«&ilgar ;  monk  and  lals 
abbot  of  Petertiorougb  ;  eleotal  td  an  o(  York,  Wt 

[LIH] 
ALZS,  TUDUR  (A  14«)-1B»X  WslBb  poet:  Fnn- 
decan :  pnpU  of  I>afydd  ab  Edtnwnd,   and  Incber  ol 
amffydd  Hlraetbog.  [I.  IM] 


I    Lather    and     IManohtbon ; 


appointed  to  Bomidan  k 

to  the  Me,  999.  '      [L147] 

ALDIS.  SIR  CHABLIS  (17717-1833),  BQTgBxi; 
■tudied  at  Quj's  and  St.  Bartbolomeff '■  hnpltala,  17M : 
•argeoii  to  Norman  Cmm  Ijarraoki,  t  1738 ;  lolndaoed 
mocluatian  in  Hertford  ;  taODdfll  Oanoer  hoipltal,  OIU- 
lord  BUwt,  London.  [L 117] 

ALSIS,  CHARLBg  JAMES  BERRmOB  (1808-13711 
rtifilclan:  agn  of  airOhu-lnAldla^q.  T.] :  olacalal  atr' 
Panl't  Stliool  and  Trinity  Oolite,  Cambrtige ;  M.D,  18S 


ALXBIUS, 

Andrew! ;  gained  ap^uM  by  oonfutjiig  Lnlher'e  atgu- 
ioaila,aDdnaichoKn  CoreclaimPatilokHamUtaaCq.v.], 
abhot  ol  Fern,  bom  Lutlienui  oplnlona,  bot  wai  hlnwdf 
G^iToted ;  Imprisoned  by  pronat  ol  Bt.  Andrewa ;  fled 

weat  to  BnglanI  aa  be 

to  Henry  VIII,  1»>«;  ' 

Latimer :  dliinlty  lecturer  at  Oambridga ;  i 

pbyaidan  In  London,  where   hl»  reltglont  ilewa 


a  lettar  from  Ketuehtlioa 


Df  ttteology  a 


[1.  W6] 

ALDBKO 

[1.  149] 

ALSRSD 

"f.    1M9X 

hop  of  Yorli 

monko 

the  pall,  which  wisrefuaod;  was  ilegraded  fn 

pope  wa4  In  thnldated  by  TVstlg  and  kfranUd  t' 

uphelil  rigbl*  of  Kaihrar :  mibmittol  to  WR 

ALDUCB.  I 


e»\SBrd  rhapel  o(  Trinity 
,  Oifoid  ;  left  lar^miulcal 
^'  tr  adapted  eeveral  antht 


protaoed,  IHi;  dean  of  Uiaologlcal  (aonlty,  Ldpilg, 
1M3 1  Tlaltid  Naombog,  IU4  and  IWl,  NUmberg,  11S«, 
and  DiVidait  IHl :  engaged  in  arran^i^  diaputaa  among 

Erotiatant  nrtlM ;  rerhlittd  Englaud  aod  trantlat«d 
ilo  Latin  Bdward  71*1  Bnt  liturgy  :  Iwlta  rHtor  of 
nnlnnlty  ot  Ldpdg,  when  h«  died :  pabUibedmanytiat- 
getlcal,  dogmaUc,  and  contnverelal  wocka.         [L 134] 

ALBZANSER  I  (10787-1114),  kiw  of  SeoClBDd; 
fourth  nn  of  Haloolm  (hnmora  and  twgaret,  grand- 
nlcM  of  Edward  the  Confeeaor :  on  hie  father^  death, 
1031,  was  pntnitiid  by  Edgar  AlbeUng :  on  death  of  bis 
brother  Bdgar,  who  nigned  1037-1107,  Bncwsdeil  to  the 
kingdom  north  ol  Forth  and  (}lyde  .  marrial  Bibjlla.  a 
natural  daughter  of  Beaiy  I ;  oinied  UUe  of  '  Fierce '  by 
blA  defeat  of  the  men  of  Moray  and  U&nu,  c.  1113^  and 
foonded  a  ohorob  at  Scone  in  honour  of  the  lictory  :  m- 
loed  into  dliputc  ooncemlng  BUing  of  hb  of  St  Aodrewa, 
maintaining  that  right  o(  InTsetllure  lay  with  pope  or 
anbbiebop  of  Canterbarj  and  not  wltJi  archblabop  (k 
York,  but  died  before  lla  Baal  iMtlenust.  [L  939] 

ALSXAITDSE  n  ni9B-lS43X  king  of  SootUnd  :  win 
of  WUUam  the  Lbm  and  B^I1B^«aId■^  daaghCerof  Rlehaid, 
Tluoont  D(  Beaamont :  knighted  by  King  John  ot  Eng- 
land, 1111;  >a<«eededmUlam  tbe  Lion,  king  of  Snntland, 
II14,  and  took  part  with  bamu  againat  John ;  bccieged 
Noriiam  1111 :  after  Inrailona  ol  Scotland  by  John  aul  ot 
England  hy  Almindfr,  tbe  latlar  did  bonngs  to  Louli.  tha 
dauphin,  at  Dover ;  Invaded  Bnglaod  again,  1^17,  hot,  on 
defat  of  LouU,  made  peace  with  Henry  III.  oonflnncd  by 
treaty.  1S19:  married  Joan,  elder  dauirSt«r  of  John,  1131  ; 
reduced  Anryie  and  OalthnwA,  1133,  and  Bubdgeil  inBurrea- 


MtUed  by  Uwty  at  New 


ALEXiNDHB 


lad  lUmnl,  dwAM  o< 


two  putin  ot  BoMUtT,  Mi.    UataAtr  inoocaif all; 

S^j-  ^.1.^.  — i-Mt  Of  DDltinR  tliB  Hebrtto  ■"  i 

d  fieoiT  m  (ffiliut  Uh  b 

—    -■  —a.  (L»M1 


tmumatj  \u  JtwUb  fultb  J  priVBU  tuior  LD  imgiana ; 
eonmtol,  IMI ;  tugbt  HcbRw  In  DnbUn  >uii  wu 
ndalwil.  lUT ;  worked  >t  Buulg  In  coaiicoUoa  irmi 
BadrtffoTpniraoEliigCThriatiuilty  ■nxHigJi-H'm,  lanI-Su: 
pnftuor  ol  Uebnw,  Klng'i  OoUtKC.  London.  Iftai-(1 : 
•nlalcd  In  rerMug  Ngw  TatamBit  la  Hebrew,  ISII: 
blibop  of  nnilod  ebatth  dT  Kiwluid  ind  Inlind  In 
Jo-dulom.  DMl :  djRl  In  Snpt  do  Jourufj  la  BuglMiil : 
pDbUilud  Tdlt^loiu  worka.  li,  tit] 

ALZXAaOZk,  SIB  WILLUU,  BXRI.  d.  „ ^ 

(ll«i?']»M).[nt  ud  •MHnnui :  pamapt  edmtal  m 
Btlrilng.OlutfOW.lBdLn^;  trareAdutab 
baU,  cwl  d[  Arn^  ^  rnuu*.  H£>iii,  and  I' 


EhmaiL  vnMt  OmeU  In  oooDBCtlai  wlCb  Oxford 
■ut   tram    IMt;  muital.  IMO.  WUUud   Aleiuxlcr. 
IMicfi  (<    Dhtt  (alterwarJa  anbblduip  ot  Amu«b). 

[BaJipL  1. 10] 


,EN  a«H-imX  haolDe  ci  Boot- 

d  ■dbflrouB  to  pmbTteriuilHr ' 

mM^  muu  loglElnii,  lo-"-"- 

—'-  [1.  m] 

ALZZAXItEB,  SB  JAKES  BDWARQ  (ISOt-ISU), 


Tfagoloslnil  AcadimT.  lSIZ-91 ;  paalar,  1U&- 
1877.  of  Mortb  (Mlege  Btnrt  Can^TegtitloiiHl  Oborcb 
(wblcb  mnoTKl,  1961,  to  An^actlde  Obnrch,  ^^ear^  IV 
Btidgt,  HdtnbaiBb)  ;  nrelter  of  Old  TBlMmit,  1870  ;  pre- 
teHOT  of  Uieology  U  Tbeolofflsal  Hall,  Bdlnbnnili,  1M4, 
■ud  prloaliHl.  18TT:  LL.D.  Bdisboi^b,  18M:  pnbllnbed 
nltgUoi  and  oUmt  wtIUdk*.  [SuppL  1.  11] 


AL7-    leeeXLt-] 

ALFIZLII  or  AUTIBLS,  TH0UA8.  ol 

(d.  IMt),  aemlniu^  |)r1»t ;  educslad  at  BU 

UitS  and  bangid  lor  dlwmltiaUDg  Raman 


0(180 


If.  18!] 
ALFOKS,  HKKRY  (1S10-1871X  dean  o[  Oulerbur;. 
"  "  ■  -* '  -■  Trtnltj  Oolliwe,  Cambridge;  Brll 


aB.  IttTJ :  BBcnl.  1«S1 :  pubUibad 
■BTiic  and  olhB  nllinci.    Ha  «■>  naponilble 
|imimHniii(  OlaoiaUa'a  Ntadle.  [SuppL  L  SI] 

ALXXAmsK,  JOHN  (d.  17U),  prcabytolan  mintols 
'  "     'ivTl-cn-ATQn  ajjd  at  DobllD ;  modBatorof  g«DaaJ 
<DlM(r,lTM.  Ci-»9] 


\ 


,  .lT«)[q,T.]:«da™iedmlDarmtrj, 
vttta  PrtaUer,  17H :  ilodtad  Mbllcal  orMlclim  ouder  Di. 
"— —  " ~-^  Kml  icilptaiBl  pai^ilirasa. 


poiaij  Kevlew.-  [i.  W3] 

ALFOU).  li[AJtIAII.*iB  MAROARET.  VlVoITNTRM 
ALFOBD,  loiown  a>  Lart  Variih  ALPonn  (1817-I)!8SX 
artlAt,  daugbtff  of  SpeDwr  C'omptoa,  KcdDd  MuxjitM  of 
NoiUiampUn  Iq.  t.]  :  marrti.l,  IMl,  Jobn  Hooie  Cmt, 
TiMoaW  Alfonl  (Bon  ol  K»rl  Brownlow) :  trieud  of  the 
leading  artlau  of  Uir  day  :  aislilal  in  foundloa  Rinl 
Bdwolof  ArtNeedleworkTKeniliieUD :  publiaboJ  '  Ktedls- 
TOfk  u  Art,'  1888.  [SuppL  L  SS] 


ATiFORD 


16 


AliliEOTE 


ALFOBS,  MIOHAEL  (1687-166SX  jeBuit  and  ecctesi- 
astlcal  historian ;  studied  philosophy  at  Seville ;  Bngliiih 
penitenUary  at  Rome,  1616 ;  punned  missionary  labours  in 
Leicestershire.  [i.  384] 

ALFRED,  Kino  (849-901).    [See  .Slfred.] 

ALFRED  OF  Beverley  {/I,  1143)»  chronicler;  trea- 
surer of  chuxYsh  of  Beverley;  compiled  history  up  to 
11S9.  [i.  S85] 

ALFRED,  sumamed  Axoucus  and  Phtlosophicub 
(lSth-13th  oentA  writer :  possibly  translator  of  Aristotle, 
and  author  of  '  De  Motu  Ck>rdi8,'  12S0.  [L  9861 

ALFRED  SBKB8T  ALBERT,  Dues  op  Edinburgh 
and  Duke  of  Saxe-Oobdrq  and  Gotha  (1844-1900), 
second  son  of  Queen  Victoria  and  Prince  Albert ;  educated 
for  navy ;  served  in  Channel,  North  America,  West  Indies, 
and  Mediterranean;  elected  by  suffrage  king  of  Greece,  1863, 
but  was  compelled  on  political  grounds  to  refuse  crown : 
captain,  1866;  created  Duke  of  Edinburgh  and  Earl  of  Ulster 
and  Kent,  and  elected  Master  of  Trinity  House,  1866 ;  com- 
missioned ILM.S.  Gkdatea,  1867,  and  visited  many  parts  of 
the  world,  1867-71;  served  in  the  Mediterranean  fleet; 
rear*admiral,  1878 ;  vice-admiral,  188S  ;  commanded  Chan- 
nel squadron,  1883-4 ;  oommauder-in-chief  in  Mediterra- 
nean, 1886-9 ;  adminil,  1887 ;  commander-in-chief  at 
Devonport,  1890-8  ;  admiral  of  the  fleet,  1898 ;  succeeded, 
1898,  his  father's  brother  as  reigning  Duke  of  Saxe-Ooburg 
and  Gotha,  in  virtue  of  renunciation  in  1868  by  his  brother. 
Prince  of  Wales,  of  title  to  duchy ;  rdinquished  privi- 
leges as  English  peer ;  died  at  Boeenan,  near  Coburg.  He 
miarried,  16^4,  Grand  Duchess  Marie  Alexandrovna,  only 
daughter  of  Alexander  II,  tsar  of  Bussia.  [SuppL  L  84] 

ALICE  MAUD  KART,  Prikcbbs  of  Great  Britain 
AND  Ireland,  Duchebs  of  Saxony,  Grand  Duchess  of 
Hesse-Darmstadt  (1848-1878X  third  child  of  Queen  Vic- 
toria and  Prince  Albert ;  married,  1863,  Frederick  of  Hesse, 
nephew  of  Louis  m,  grand  dake  of  Hesse-Darmsbidt ; 
foundress  of  Women's  Union  for  Nursing  Sick  and 
Wounded  in  War.  [L  886] 

ALIBOK,  ABOHIBALD  (1767-1889),  writer  of  an 
essay  on  *  Taste*  (1790) ;  of  Balliol  CoUege,  Oxford,  1784 ; 
took  holy  orders  ;  studied  natural  history  as  disciple  of 
Gilbert  White ;  prebendary  of  Salisbury,  1791 ;  minister  of 
episcopal  chapel,  Cowgate,  Bdinburgh,  1800  till  death ; 
adherent  of  the  Scottish '  common-sense '  philosophy ;  pub- 
lished sermons.  [L  386] 

ALISON,  Sm  ABOHIBALD  (1793-1867),  historian ; 
younger  son  of  Archibald  Alison  [q.  v.]  ;  educated  at  Bdin- 
burgh :  called  to  bar,  1814 ;  travdled  on  the  continent ; 
advocate  depute,  1833 ;  published  work  on  Scottish  criminal 
law,  1833-8 ;  sheriff  Ot  Lanarkshire,  1834 ;  successfully 
suppressed  distress  riots  and  strilras,  1887 ;  pubUshed  his 

*  History  of  Europe,*  1838-43,  and  a  continuation,  1863-9 ; 
elected  loid  rector  of  Marlschal  College,  Aberdeen,  against 
Macaulay,  1846,  and  of  Glasgow  against  Palmerston,  1861 ; 
created  baronet,  1868;  published  autobiography  besides 
historical  works.  [L  887] 

ALISOir,  WILLIAM  PULTBNBY  (1790-18691  phy- 
sician ;  elder  son  of  Archibald  Alison  [q.  v.]  ;  educated 
at  Edinburgh  ;  M.D.,  1811 :  physician  to  New  Town  dis- 
pensary, 1816 ;  professor  of  medical  jurlspmdenoe,  Edin- 
burgh, 1830-3 ;  professor  of  *  Institutes  of  medldne,*  first 
jointly,  afterwards  solely,  for  twenty  jrears ;  published 

*  Outlines  of  Physiology,*  1881,  in  which  the  leading  idea 
was  that  of  a  life-force  distinct  from  the  physical  forces 
of  dead  matter :  professor  of  pracUoe  of  medicine,  1848-66 ; 
appointed  first  physician  to  her  majesty  for  Scotland ;  hon. 
D.C.L.,  Oxford,  1860;  successfully  advocated  legal  relief 
of  the  destitute  bi  Scotland.  [i.  890] 

ALKEN.  HENRY  {ft.  1816-1831),  draughtsman  and 
engraver ;  said  to  have  been  stud-groom  to  the  Duke  of 
Beaufort ;  published  many  etchings  of  sporting  subjects, 
mostly  coloured.  [L  398] 


SAMUEL  (/L  1780-1796X  draughtsman; 
engraved  plates  after  Morland  and  others,  and  published 
sets  of  original  etchings.  [i.  393] 

ALLAH,  ANDREW  (1666-1686X  antiquary ;  graduated 
at  St.  Edmund's  Hall,  Oxford,  and  was  made  tutor  sjid 
subsequently  vice-principal ;  took  holy  orders,  1680 ; 
assisted  Anthony  k  Wood  in  his  *  Athenss  Oxonienses,'  and 
prodnoed  other  works,  ohiefly  historicaL  [t  398] 


ALLAH,  DAVID  (1744-1796%  Scottli^h  painter; 
apprenticed  to  Robert  Foulls,  the  Glasgow  printer ;  weat 
to  Rome,  where  he  met  Gavin  Hamilton,  1764 ;  probacy 
exhibited  at  Royal  Academy,  1771  and  1778;  gained 
gold  medal  of  St.  Luke's  for  historical  composition,  177S  ; 
earned  title  of  the  *  Scottish  Hogarth*  by  pictures  of 
Venetian  Carnival  exhibited  at  Royal  Academy,  1779; 
painted  portraits  in  London,  1777-80 ;  director  and  master 
of  Trustees'  Academy  at  Edinburgh,  1786 ;  lllastratal 
poems  by  Burns,  Allan  Bamsay,  and  others.        [L  398] 

ALLAH,  GEOBGB  (1786-1800X  antiquary  and  topo- 
grapher; practised  as  an  attorney  at  Darlington,  Dor- 
ham;  acquired  numerous  coUectlona  of  manusorlptu, 
charters,  and  genealogical  records  rdatlng  chiefly  to  Dor- 
ham,  many  of  which  beprlnted  at  a  private  press  erected 
at  Darlington,  c  1768.  His  library  was  open  to  antiquariea, 
and  was  of  great  assistance  to  several  well-known  histo- 
rical works,  notably  Hutohinson's  *  Htotory  of  Durham.* 

ALLAH,  Sir  HENBY  MABSHMAK  HAVELOOK 
(1880-1897).    [See  Havelock- ALLAN.] 

ALLAH,  PETEB  (1798-1849X  coloniser  of  the 'Mart- 
den  Bock ' ;  successively  valet,  gamekeeper  to  Marquis  oC 
Londonderry,  landlord  of  a  tavern  at  Whitburn,  and  super- 
intendent of  quarries  near  Durham  ;  excavated  cavern  on 
the  coast  near  Sunderland  in  bay  of  Marsden  ;  lived  in  it 
from  1838  till  his  death.  The  cavern  was  destroyed  by 
fall  of  cliff,  1866.  [L  396] 

ALLAH,    PETER    JOHN  (1886-1848X  poet;   Uved 

mostly  In  Nova  Scotia  and  New  Brunswick.  His  poems, 

Snbllshed   posthumously,    show    traces   of  Byron's  In- 
uence.  [L  396] 

ALLAH,  BOBEBT  (1774-1841X  Scottish  poet ;  by  trade 
a  muslin-weaver ;  died  at  New  York.  His  poems,  Uioogh 
melodious,  achieved  little  success.  [L  396] 

ALLAH,  THOMAS  (1777-ld83X  mhieraloglst :  amassed 
a  large  collection  of  minerals ;  contributed  titc  article  on 
*  Diamond*  to  the  *  BncydopsDdia  Britannlca*;  F.Bja. 
and  member  of  the  Edinburgh  Boyal  Sodety ;  pubUshed 
geological  works.  [L  897] 

ALLAH,  Sir  WILLIAM  (178S-1860X  painter  of  Boa- 
slan  scenery  and  life ;  educated  In  Edinburgh ;  apprenticed 
to  a  ooachmaker ;  studied  at  the  Trustees'  Academy  and 
Boyal  Academy  schools ;  exhibited  first  in  Boyal  Academy, 
1808 ;  went  to  Bussia,  1806,  and  spent  some  years  tva veiling 
In  the  Interior ;  returned  to  Edinburgh,  1814  ;  mast»« 
the  Trustees*  School,  1836 ;  travelled  on  continent  and  In 
Asia  Minor ;  B.A.,  London,  1886 ;  president  of  Boyal  Scot- 
tish Academy,  1838 ;  limner  to  queen  In  Scotland,  1841 ; 
knighted  1843.  [t  897] 

ALLASDIOB,  BOBEBT  BABOLAY  (1779-18S4X 
pedestrian,  conmumly  known  as  Captain  Barclay  ;  en- 
tered 38ni  regiment  1806  ;  served  In  Walcheren  expedltioi 
as  aide-de-camp  to  the  Marquis  of  Huntly,  1809 ;  clalmn 
unsuccessfully  earldoms  of  Alrth,  Strathem,  and  Moo- 
telth,  1839-40 ;  noted  for  his  walking  feats,  which  in- 
cluded walking  one  mile  In  each  of  one  thousand  succes- 
sive hours.  [L  898] 

ALLASDYOB,  ALEXANDEB  (1846-1896X  author; 
educated  at  Aberdeen ;  engaged  In  jonmallsm  In  India, 
1868-76 ;  subsequently  reader  to  Messrs.  William  Black- 
wood Sc  Sons  at  Bdinburgh ;  published  novels  and  edited 
John  Bamsay*8  *  Scotland  and  Scotsmen  In  Eighteenth 
Centary.*  and  '  Letters  from  and  to  Charles  Klrkpatrick 
Sharpe*  [q.  ▼.]  [SuppL  I,  86] 

ALLDB,  ALDSE  or  ALDET,  EDWABD  (/.  1688- 
1634),  printer;  freeman  of  Stationers*  Company,  1684; 
his  name  appears  In  the  registers  down  to  1688.  [I.  899] 

ALLDE,  ALDAYE,  ALDE  or  ALDYS,  JOHN 
{fl.  1666-1698X  printer ;  first  freeman  of  Stationers'  Com> 
paiiy,  1666  ;  mentioned  In  the  original  charter  of  the  com- 
pany, 1667.  [i.  299] 

ALLBOTXTB  (860  ?-896X  Roman  emperor  in  Britain  ; 
minister  of  Carauaius  [q.  v.]  ;  assassinated  Carauslus,  and 
proclaimed  himself  emperor,  393 ;  struck  numerous  coina 
at  London  and  Colchester ;  fell  In  battle  in  Hampshixc. 
[ix.  36] 

ALLXIHE,  JOSEPH  (1684-1668X  author  of  *An 
Alarm  to  the  Unconverted ' ;  entered  Lincoln  College,  Ox- 
ford, 1649;  scholar  of  Oorpos  Christi,  1661;  B.D.  and 


ATiTiFiINS 


17 


ALLEN 


;  1989 :  ordained  as  associate  of  George  Newton  at 
I6ft4  ;  ejected,  1663 ;  Imprisoned  for  evangdical 
:  -wrote  zdigioas  works.  [L  S99] 


BIOHARD  (1611-1681X  antbor  of  *  Yin- 

lad.  other  reUgioos  works ;  graduated  BA., 

Ban,  and  M JL  New  Inn  HalU  Oxford ;  or- 

«etar  oC  Batcombe,  Somerset,  1641-61 ;  appointed 

to  the  oommisetoiiers  for  *ejeotiog  scandalous 

I6M ;  ejected  ooder  Act  cMt  Uniformity  and 

In   ndghboorhoQd  of   Frome 

[LSOO] 

WTLLIAH  (1614-16771  divine ;  younger 
of  Biebard  Alldne  [q.  ▼.] ;  BIa.  and  M.A.  St. 
HaB,  Oxford ;  private  chaplain  in  London ;  vicar 
~  Bristol,  c  1668  ;  ejected  from  Uving  166S  ; 
in  private ;  later,  hdd  livings  at  Bristol  and 

[i.801] 

[See  also  Allan,  Allbin,  Alldne,  Allbtn, 


3 


AT^BXANDER  (1814-184SX  phUoIogiet ;  eon 
(1771-1839)  [q.  v.];  educated  at  hU  father's 
_  ,  and  at  London  University ;  carried  ou  his 
on  his  death ;  doctor  of  phUoeophy,  Leipdg, 
~    prindpaUy  phifologlcaL  [i.  80S] 


,  ANTHONY  (d,  17MX  barrister  and  anti- 
edncatwl  at  Bton  and  King's  College,  Cambridge ; 
to  efaaaoery  ;  wrote  nnpnblisbed  biographical  ao- 
d  BKmben  of  Bton  College.  [L  803] 


panied  Wolsey  to  France;  archbishop  of  Dublin,  1638, 
when  he  resigned  his  prebends ;  ohanodlor  of  Ireland, 
1688-88 ;  fined  under  statutes  of  provi^ors  andproffnuNtre, 
1631 ;  mozdered  by  followers  of  Lord  Thomas  Fitigerald, 
1684.  [L  806] 

AIXXK  or  ALLZK,  JOHN  (1696-1671X  New  Bngbmd 
puritan  coiouist;  left  living  at  Ipswich  to  avoid  perse- 
cutions of  Bish<^  Wren ;  went  to  New  England  with 
band  of  puritans,  1638;  pasitor  of  church  at  Dedham, 
Massachusetts,  1689 ;  rwlsted  attempts  to  subject  oolo- 
nists  to  British  government,  1646 ;  took  part  in  dispute 
with  English  divines  on  baptism,  1663.  [i.  307] 

AIXXK  or  ALLSYir,  JOHN  (1660  ?-1741),  phy- 
sician and  inventor :  M.D. ;  extra-licentiate.  College  of 
Physicians,  1693 ;  practised  at  Bridgewater,  Somerset : 
published  ^8yn<msis  MedicineB,*  1719,  and  'Specimiiia 
Ichnognu>hioa,'  1780,  a  book  describing  several  inven- 
tions,  indoding  a  new  method  of  navigating  vessels. 

[L807] 

ALLBN,  JOHN  (.^.  1764),  nonconformist  divine; 
minister  suooessively  of  baptist  churches  in  Petticoat 
Lane  (now  Middlesex  Stieet),  London,  and  Broadstairs, 
Newcastle ;  dismissed  for  misconduct ;  died  in  New  York ; 
published  popular  tracts.  [L  308] 

AIXXK,  JOHN,  the  younger  (cf.  1881),  bookwiler  and 
antiquary  of  Hereford ;  made  a  large  collection  of  anti- 
quitiep,  books,  prints,  &c.,  relating  to  Herefordshire,  of 
which  county  he  left  an  unpublished  and  unfinished 
history.  [L  808] 


BENNET   (Jl,    1761-1783),    miscellaneous 
;  B.A.  Wadham  College,  Oxford,  1767 ;  M.A.,  1760 ; 
bdy  onters  and  settled  in  London ;  published  pam- 
*  Uodem  Chastity,*  by  way  of  defence  of 


who  waa  charged  with  rape,  1768 ;  snbse- 
trfboted  to  *  Morning  POet,^  and  was  im- 
for  killiDg  in  a  duel  one  whom  be  bad  slandered 
article,  1783.  [L  303] 


tT. 


,     BDMUND   (1619?-1669X    blsbop-eiect   of 

,    1M»:    UJl.  Corpus  Christl    College,  Cam- 

U97  ;  stodled  abroad,  where,  probably,  he  gra- 

BJ>.  ;  chaplain  to  Princess  Eluabetb,  1649,  and  to 

queen  :  acted  as  ambassador ;  published  several 

[L  308] 

,    GRANT    (184^1899X  author,   whose  fuU 

OuABLSB  Grakt  Blairfikoib  Allen  *,  bom 

;  educated  at  King  Edward's  school,  Birming- 

Merton  Cdkge,  Oxford,  1871 ;  professor  of 

moral   philosophy   in    college  at    Spanish 

for  education  ot  negroes,  1873-6 ;  returned 

1876,  and  admted  literature  as  profession ; 

*  Physiological  Jlsthetics,'  1877 ;  assisted  Sir 

Wilson  Hunter  [q.  v.]  In  compilation  of  *■  Imperial 

of    India*;   published,  1884,  his  first  novel, 

which  had  appeared  serially  in  'Gentleman's 

*    and  subsequently  produced  under   his  own 

pseodonyms  more  than  thirty  works  of  fiction, 

*The  Woman  who  did'  (1896)  and  *  The  British 

•  O^MX  [Snppl.  L  36] 

,  JAMES  BATLIS  (1803-1876),  Une-engraver ; 
as  general   engraver;   studied  drawing   under 
;  employed  by  the  Findens  in  London,  1884 ; 
ived  irfates  (including  *  Rivers  of   France')   after 
and  otlier  artists.  [L  804] 


r,  JAMBS  C.  (d.  1881),  line-engraver ;  pupil  of 
W.BLOoolDe,  in  oonjnnction  with  whom,  after  1831,  be 
of    plates,  including  *  Views   of    the 
,'  after  drawings  by  Major-general  Cockbnm. 

[i.S06] 
r,  JAMES  MOUNTFORD  (1809-1883),  archi- 
Iset :  practised  in  London,  and  later  as  a  church-architect 
rtCiewkeme,  Somerset.  [L  305] 

,  JOHN  (1476-1584X  archbishop  of  Dublin ; 

at  Oxford  and  Cambridge;  In  Italy  on  eccle- 

for  Archbishop  Warham;  took  holy 

;  vicar  of  (Jhislet,  1503  ;  presented  to  livings 

(1606)  and  Aldington  (1511) ;  rural  dean  of 

BocUngham,  1613;  rector  of  SouUi  Ocken- 

and  prebendauy  of  Lincoln  Cathedral,  1516 ; 

Oaolsby,  1533 ;  acted  as  Wolsey's  agent  In  sup- 

mtoar  monasteries,  1634-5 ;  prebendary  of  Not- 

1636.  and  o(  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  1537 ;  acoom- 


sk  Sondxidge 


JOHN  (1771-1839X  dissenting  hiyman: 
author  of  *  Modem  Judaism,*  1816,  and  other  works  of 
religious  history  ;  kept  academy  at  Hackney.      [i.  309] 

ALLBK,  JOHN  (1771-1843).  poUUcal  and  historical 
writer ;  MJ).  Edinburgh,  1791 ;  in  the  confidence  <rf 
Jeffrey  and  his  coadjutors  on  the  *  EdinburKh  Review  * ; 
accompanied  Lord  Holland  to  Spain,  1801-5  and  1808 ; 
warden  of  Dulwich  College,  1811-80,  and  master,  1830 
till  death ;  published  *  Inquiry  into  Rise  and  Growth  <rf 
Royal  Prerogative  in  SngUnd,'  1830,  and  contributed 
historical  and  political  articles  to  *  Edinburgh  Review,* 
*  Annual  Register,*  and  *  Bncyclopffidia  Britannica.* 

[L309] 

ALLEN,  JOHN  (d.  1855),  revolutionist;  tried  for 
high  treason  with  Arthur  O'Connor,  1798 ;  concerned  in 
Robert  Emmet's  rising,  1803  ;  fled  to  France  and  served 
In  French  army  in  Peninsula ;  oolonel  in  French  army, 
1810.  [L  310] 

ALLSK,  JOSEPH  WILMAM  (1808-1858),  landscape 
painter ;  originally  a  tutor ;  worlced  as  scene-painter  for 
the  Olympic ;  took  an  active  part  in  establishing  Society 
of  British  Artists.  [L  310] 

ALLEN,  RALPH  (1694-1764),  philanthropUt ;  cm- 
ployed  in  Bath  post  office ;  obtained  patronage  of  Qeneral 
Wade  by  detecting  a  Jacobite  plot ;  raised  and  equipped 
one  hundred  volunteers  at  Bath,  1745;  deputy  post- 
master, Bath ;  devised  and  managed  a  system  of  cross- 
posts  for  England  and  Wales  by  which  he  amassed  a 
large  fortcme ;  became  intimate  with  Pope,  Fielding  (who 
drew  from  him  Squire  Allworthy  in  *  Tom  Jones '),  ttie 
elder  Pitt,  and  other  eminent  people  ;  gave  large  sums  in 
charity,  principally  in  Bath.  [L  311  ] 

ALLEK,  THOMAS  (1548-1633),  mathemaUclan; 
educated  at  Trinity  College,  Oxford ;  BJl.,  1563 ;  fellow, 
1565 ;  MJk.,  1567  ;  obtained  patronage  of  Earl  of  Nortii- 
nmberland,  and  came  in  contact  with  most  mathema- 
ticians Bad  scholars  of  his  day:  refused  offer  of  a 
bishopric  from  Earl  of  Leicester ;  left  historical,  anti- 
quarian, astronomical,  philosophical,  and  mathematical 
manuscripts,  some  of  which  are  preserved  in  Bodleian 
Library.  [L  312] 

ALLBN,  THOMAS(1608-I673),nonconformistdivinc ; 
graduated  at  Caius  College,  Cambridge ;  held  living  of 
St.  Edmund's,  Norwich ;  *  silenced'  by  Blshc^  Wren  for 
disagreement  with  *Book  of  Sports,'  1636;  fled  to 
Charlestown,  New  England,  1688 ;  returned  to  Norwich, 
1653 ;  ejected,  1663 ;  published  religious  works.    [L  818] 

ALLBK,  THOMAS  (1681-1755),  divine;  B.A.  New 
College,  Oxford,  and  ordained,  1705;  successively  clerk 
in  Llncoln*s  Inn,  and  schoolmaster;  vicar  of  Irchester, 
Northamptonshire,  1706,  and  of  Jicttcriug,  1715 ;  wrote 
various  religious  works.  [L  813] 

0 


AT.T.-PIN 


18 


AT1T.IX 


ALLBN.  THOMAS  (1803-1838),  topographer;  pro- 
duced from  18S7  Ulostrated  volames  relating  to  Lam- 
beth, Westminster,  Soathwark,  Yorkshire,  Surrey,  Sossex, 
and  Linoohishire.  [i.  814] 

ALLEN,  WILLIAM  (1682-I694X  oardinal ;  B.A. 
and  fellow,  Oriel  OoUege,  Oxford,  1600;  M.A.,  1554; 
principal  of  St.  Mary's  Hall,  1556  ;  proctor,  1656-7 ; 
his  zeal  for  the  catholic  faith  making  ft  impossible  for 
him  to  remain  in  Oxford,  he  took  ap  residence  at  onl- 
versity  of  Louvain,  1561 ;  owing  to  ill-health,  returned 
to  England  in  disguise,  1563;  stayed  in  Lancashire 
(where  he  rigorously  opposed  occasional  ccmformityX 
Oxford,  and  Norfolk :  finally  retomed  to  Low  (Countries, 
1566  :  ordained  at  Mechlin ;  lectured  on  theology ;  went 
on  pilgrimage  to  Rome,  1567 ;  opened,  with  the  assistance 
of  several  eminent  divines,  a  cattudic  seminary  at  Dooay, 
1568 ;  B J). ;  regius  professor  of  divinity  at  Douay,  1570 ; 
D.D.,  1571 ;  canon  of  church  of  Our  Lady  at  Oambray, 
1575 ;  his  seminary,  to  escape  persecutions  of  Calvinists, 
removed  to  Rheinu,  1578 ;  arranged  for  foundation  of  an 
Knglish  Jesuit  college  at  Borne,  1679 ;  his  efforts  con- 
sistently opposed  by  the  protestante;  resided  at  the 
English  hospital,  Rome,  siter  1585;  as  supporter  of 
PhUip  II  of  Spain's  claim  to  English  throne  made 
cardinal,  1587,  so  that,  in  the  event  of  Philip's  suooess,  he 
might  reconcile  the  realm  to  the  church ;  received  from 
the  pope  an  abbey  in  Oalabrla  and  the  revenues  of  the 
arohbldiopric  of  Palermo;  nominated  archbishop  of 
Mechlin,  1589,  but  dU  not  obtain  the  see;  apostolic 
librarian;  entrusted,  with  (Cardinal  Oolonna,  with  re- 
vision of  the  Vulgate;  published  many  rdigious 
writings.  [L  814] 

ALLEH,  WILLIAM  (1770-1848X  quaker,  scientist, 
and  philanthropist ;  altered  Bevan's  chemical  establish- 
ment at  Plough  Oourt,  which,  from  1795,  he  carried  on  ; 
fellow  Linnean  Society,  1801 ;  FJLSn  1^7 ;  lecturer  at 
Guy's  Hospital,  1802-36 ;  intimate  with  OUrkson,  WUber- 
force,  and  Jan^s  Mill;  active  opposer  of  slavery;  en- 
gaged in  schemes  of  social  improvement,  and  nude 
several  journeys  on  the  continent,  examining  prisons 
andother  public  institotions,  1816-88 ;  helped  to  found  an 
agricultural  colony  at  Liudfldd,  Sussex.  [L  833] 

ALLBN,  WILLIAM  (1793-1864),  naval  officer;  Uen- 
tenant,  1815;  commander,  1836;  captain,  1843;  took 
part  in  the  Niger  expeditions  of  1833  and  1841-3 ;  rear^ 
admiral,  1863 ;  pubUshod  books  of  travel  [L  833] 

ALLENSON,  JOHN  (/f.  1616),  puritan  divine;  pnpU 
at  Oambridge  of  Dr.  Whitaker ;  B.I>.,  1590 ;  fellow  of  St. 
John's,  1584  ;  senior  dean  and  sacrist,  1608 ;  senior  bursar, 
1604 ;  suspended  for  puritan  opinions  suooessively  from 
curacies  of  Bamwdl  and  Homingsea,  Oambridgeshire ; 
edited  works  by  Dr.  Whitaker.  [L  388] 

ALLEBTKEE,  RIOHARD  (1619-1681),  royalist  di- 
vine ;  B.A.  and  moderator  in  philosophy,  (Christ  (%urch 
College,  Oxford,  where  his  totor  was  Richard  Busby, 
1640 ;  took  arms  for  the  Idng  and  served  under  Sir  John 
Biron,  1641,  and  was  present  at  Kineton  Field ;  twice 
captored,  but  was  released;  M.A.,  1643;  entered  holy 
orders  and  became  censor  of  his  college ;  expelled  from 
Oxford  by  parliamentarians,  1648 ;  frequently  employed 
in  carrying  messages  to  and  from  the  king;  in  prison 
several  wedcs  and  released  on  account  of  ill-health,  1659 ; 
canon  of  Christ  Church  and  DJ).,  1660;  chaplain  in 
ordinary  to  the  king,  1663 ;  regius  professor  of  divinity, 
1663-79 :  provost  of  Eton  College,  1665  ;  author  of  *  The 
Whole  Duty  of  Man '  and  tracts  and  sermons.     [L  834] 

ALLEBTKT,  JACOB  (1653-1686),  poetical  writer ; 
educated  at  Westminster  and  Christ  ^urdi,  Oxford ; 
music  reader,  1679 ;  teme  Alius,  1683 ;  contributed  to 
*  Examen  Poeticum,'  published  1693.  [L  335] 


',  WILLIAM  (1510  ?-1570),  bishop  of  Exeter, 
1560 ;  educated  at  Eton  and  King's  College,  Cambridge ; 
B.A.,  1538 ;  during  Mary's  reign  travelled  in  north  of 
England,  gaining  a  precarious  livelihood  by  practising 
physic  and  teaching ;  divinity  reader  and,  in  1559,  pene- 
tentiary  and  prebendary  of  St.  Paul's  ;  D.D.  Oxford,  1561 ; 
wrote  religious  works.  [L  836] 

ALLEYN,  EDWARD  (1566-1636),  actor  and  founder 
of  Dulwich  College ;  one  of  Earl  of  Worcester's  players, 
U86  ;  married  a  step-daughter  of  Philip  Henslowe  [q.  v.], 
1592,  whose  partner  he  became;  attached  to  Lonl 


miral's  company ;  toured  with  Lord  Strange's  company, 
1593 ;  acted  in  London,  1694-7  ;  acquired  interest  in  bear- 
baiting  house,  Paris  Garden,  1694 ;  built,  with  Henslowe. 
Fortune  theatre,  Oripplegate,  1600,  where  he  acted  at  head 
of  Lord  Admiral's  company ;  purchased  with  Henslowe 
office  of  master  of  Royal  Gkune  of  bears,  bulls,  and  mastifE 
dogs,  1604 ;  retired  soon  after  the  accession  of  James  I, 
when  the  Lord  Admiral's  company  was  taken  over  by 
Prince  Henry;  last  recorded  appearance,  1604;  pished 
hero  in  Marlowe's  *Tambnrlaine,*  *Jew  of  Malta,'  and 
'  Faustus ' ;  acquired  great  wealth  and  landed  property ; 
bought  manor  of  Dulwich,  1606 ;  built  and  endowed  ttie 
college,  161S-16,  and  received  patent  for  its  incOTporatkm, 
1619 ;  personally  managed  its  affairs,  1617-33,  and  possibly 
till  death  ;  lost  his  wife  and  afterwards  married  a  daughter 
of  Dr.  Donne ;  on  terms  of  friendship  with  many  persona 
of  note,  and  patron  of  Dekker,  John  Taylor,  and  other 
writers.  [i.  837] 

ALLIBOND,  JOHN  (1597-1658).  son  of  Peter  AUibond 
[q.  V.];  schoolmaster;  MJL.  MagiUlen  College,  Oxfoxd, 
1619 ;  DJ).,  1643 ;  master  of  Magdalen  College  School, 
1635-83,  and  leotorer  on  music ;  held  suoceasively  three 
church  livings  in  Gloaoestershire  after  1684 ;  wrote  Latin 
poems.  [L8aO] 

ALLIBOND,  PETER  (1660-1639X  translator;  B.A. 
Magdalen  HaU,  Oxford,  1581 ;  M.A.,  1585 ;  traveUed  abroad 
and  subsequently  became  rector  of  Chenies,  Buckingham- 
shire; translated  theological  works  from  Latin  and 
French.  [L  880] 

ALLIBOND  or  ALLIBONB,  Sir  RICHARD  (1636- 
1688X  jodge :  grandson  of  Pteter  Allibond  [q.  v.]  ;  Roman 
catholic ;  educated  at  Douay ;  entered  Gray's  Inn,  1668  ; 
king's  counsel  and  knighted,  1686;  serjeant-at-kw  and 
justice  of  king's  bench,  1687 ;  incurred  unpopularity  by 
opposing  the  seven  bishops,  1688.  [i.  830] 

ALUBB,  JABEZ  (1787-1856X  antiquary  and  writer 
on  folklore ;  practised  as  8<dicitor  in  London ;  F.S.A^  e. 
1840 ;  retired  to  Worcester ;  published  worb  on  antiqui- 
ties of  Woroestershhre  and  Herefordshire,  and  on  Shake- 
speare's fairy  mythology.  [L  881] 

ALLIN,  Sib  THOMAS  (1613-1685),  naval  commander ; 
originally  merchant  and  shipowner  in  Lowestoft:  sup- 
ported royalista  during  civil  war ;  captain,  1660 ;  com- 
mander-in-chief in  the  Downs,  1668 ;  fought  against 
Dnteh  in  Mediterranean,  1664,  and  at  Lowestoft,  1665 ; 
knighted  and  appointed  admiral ;  defeated  Duteh  off  Isle 
of  wight  and  French  off  Dungeness,  1666;  engaged 
agidnst  Barbery  phrates,  1668-70 ;  comptiroller  of  navy, 
1670-8 ;  commander-in-chief  in  the  Narrow  Seas  against 
French,  1778.  [L  333] 

ALLINOEAX,  JOHN  TILL  (./f.  1799-1810X  drama- 
tist ;  educated  for  the  law ;  wrote  many  popular  playSt 
much  of  the  suooess  of  which  was  due  to  the  actor,  Chanos 
Itathews.  [i.  333] 

ALLINOEAX,  WILLIAM  (1834-1889),  poet;  bora 
at  Ballyahannon,  Donegal,  where,  c  1837,  he  entered  the 
bank  managed  by  his  father ;  received  appointinent  in 
customs,  c  1846 ;  became  acquainted  with  Leigh  Hunt 
in  London;  published  *  Poems,'  1850,  and  *Day  and 
Night  Songs '  (a  second  series  of  which  contained  illus- 
trations by  pre-Raphaelite  artisteX  1854;  edited  *The 
Ballad  Book'^  for  *  Golden  Treasury  Series,'  1864 ;  pub- 
lished *  Laurence  Bloomfleki  in  Ireland,*  his  most  am- 
bitious work,  1864 :  his  poetical  works  were  collected  in 
six  volumes,  1888-93;  editor  of  *Fraser's  Magazine,* 
1874-9.  A  collection  entitled 'Varieties  in  Prose 'appeared 
posthumously,  1893.  [SuppL  L  88] 

ALLIBON,  THOMAS  (/.  1697),  Arctic  voyager ;  pub- 
lished, 1699,  an  account  of  his  voyage  in  1697-8  from  kx^tf 
angel  to  the  neighbourhood  of  North  C)ape.         [L  883] 

ALLIX,  PETER  (1641-1717),  protestant  preacher; 
born  at  Alenc^n ;  educated  at  Sanmur  and  Sedan  ;  worked 
with  Claude  oil  French  translation  of  tiie  bible ;  pastor  ol 
St.  Agobille,  Champagne  ;  translated  to  Charenton,  Plhria, 
1670 ;  moderator  of  synod  at  Lisy,  1683  ;  on  revocation  oc 
edict  of  Nantes  came  to  England,  1685,  and  founded  in 
London  a  church  for  protestant  refugees  ;  D.D.  of  Oxfoid 
and  Cambridge ;  treasurer  of  Salisbury  Cathedral,  1690 ; 
published  many  theological  works  in  Latin,  French,  and 
English.  [i.  834] 


ALIiMAK 


19 


ALTHAM 


,  OBOBOB  JAJOIB  (181S<1898X  botanist 

sdA  aoologtel;  edncated  at  Belfast;  BJL.  Trinity  College, 
Dablia,  US» :  ICJ)^  1847 ;  F JLO&  Irdand,  ISH ;  M.D. 
OzionI,  1M7 :  profeBBor  of  botany,  Dublin  Uuivereity, 
IftM ;  F JL&,  UiS4 ;  regios  pzofenor  of  natoral  history, 
Eklinbaiih  UntTeraity,  18M-70:  president  of  Tilnnwin 
Societf  ,  1874-n,  and  gold  medalliflt,  1886.  His  most  im- 
portufi  vork  was  his  investigatian  into  the  morphology 
o<  the  oide&tecata  and  polysoa.  [SuppL  L  40] 


tribated  to  the  'Oaietteer,'  and  attracted  attention  of 
Lonl  Temple,  Borke,  and  other  members  of  the  opposi- 
tion :  formed  acqaaiutanoe  with  WilkeB,  1761,  which  lasted 
tiU  Wilkes's  death ;  established  himself  in  Piccadilly  as 
book  and  pamphlet  seller :  imprisoned  and  fined  for  sup- 
porting WiUces,  1770  ;  proprietor  and  editor  of  '  General 
Advertiser,'  1784;  tried  for  Ubel,  1786,  and  retired  in 
fluancial  difficulties  to  France ;  died  in  England :  w  rote 
and  edited  mi&cellaneons  works.  [i.  34U] 


WILUASC   (1776.1846X  botanist;   BJL  ALMOHD,  Maa.  EMMA  (1814-1868).    [See  Humeil] 


Trimty  OoUflge,  Doblin,  1796;  M.A.,  1801 ;  M.D.,  1804; 
ntaetiaed  mediciDfi  in  Cloomel  till  1808;  professor  of 
Many,  DabUn,  1808-44 ;  poblisbed  botanical  works. 

rL3863 
AIIAX,  THOMAS  (1804-187SX  MQhitect ;  furnished 


diavli^e  for  eertes  of  Ulostrated  works  on  *  Oomberlaud 
and  Westmardand,*  'Sootlaod,*  *  Constantinople,'  and 
flCfaer  plaooB ;  exhibited  frequently  at  fioyal  Academy. 

rt  835] 

ALLOV,  HENBT  (1818-1883),  congregaUfmal  divine  ; 

ftodxed  thaolofry  at  Cheshont  College ;  sole  pastor,  186S, 

at  Unioa  Chapd,  Tolfpg^o"  ;  honorary  secretary  of  Ches- 

host  Colkge,  1861,  and  trostee  of  (X>nnte8ii  of  Hunting- 

doo's  eoanexkm ;  honorary  D.D.  Yale  University,  1871, 

sad  St.    Andrews,    1885:  president  of   oongr^^Uonal 

oaiao.  1864  and  1881 ;  editor  of  *  British  Quarterly  Review,* 

1877-86 ;  edited  volameB  of  hymns  and  wrote  religions 

pobUcatkiaa.  [SappL  L  41] 

ALLOH,  HBKBY  EBSKINB  (1864-1887X  composer ; 
am  of  H«iu7  AUon  (1818-1899)  [q.  ▼.]  ;  educated  at  Uni- 
nx&tj  0}lkjge,  London,  and  Trinity  College,  Cambridge ; 
vnte  sonatas  and  assisted  in  founding  *New  Musical 
Qouterly  Beview.'  [SappL  1. 4S] 

ALLOTT,  BOBBBT  (J.  1600X  editor  of  'England's 
PfenasBas,'  1600,  and  of  *Wit8  Theater  of  the  Little 
Wodd,'  U98.  [i.  336] 

ALLOTT.  WILUAM  (d.  1690 ?X  cathoUc  divine; 
educated  at  Cambridge ;  retired  to  Louvain  on  Elizabeth's 
MceanoQ ;  in  hi^^  favour  with  Mary  Queen  of  Soots  ;  re- 
tained sod  preached  in  fiigland,  but  was  Imprieoned  and 
budshed ;  oanoo  of  St.  Quintin,  Picardy.  [L  337] 


ALMS,  JAMES  (17S8-1791),  captain  in  navy;  of 
humble  origin;  served  as  midshipman  at  battjea  of 
Namur  and  Finlsterre  and  in  East  Indies,  1744-9;  as 
lieutenant  at  capture  of  Oheriah,  1756,  and  blockade  of 
Brest,  1759,  and  as  captain  at  reduction  of  MarUnique 
and  Havana:  in  actions  at  Praya  B«y,  1781,  Sadras, 
Providien,  Negapatam,  and  Trinoomalee,  178S:  retired, 
1784.  [i.  842] 

ALNWIOK,  MAfiTIN  ov  (d.  1836).    [See  Mahtix.] 

ALNWIOX,  WILLIAM  (d.  1449X  bishop  of  Norwich 
and  of  Lincoln:  LL.D.  Cambridge;  monk  of  St. 
Albans;  first  confessor  of  the  Brigetiuc  nuns  at  Syon, 
1414 ;  prior  of  Wymondham,  and  archdeacon  of  Sarum, 
1421);  received  stall  of  Knaresborough-cum-BickhiU  in 
York  Cathedral,  1431 ;  bishop  of  Norwich,  14S6 ;  confessor 
to  Henry  VI ;  translated  to  see  of  Lduooln,  1436 ;  settled 
disputes  between  dean  and  cliapter,  and  publislied  (1440) 
a  new  code  of  statutes  for  regulaUon  of  the  oatliedral, 
which  orlf^nated  a  contest  between  him  and  the  dean, 
still  undedded  at  his  death  ;  took  part  in  founding  Eton 
School  and  King's  College,  Cambridge.  [L  843] 

iXPHAOX  or  ALPHBOZ,  St.    [See  iBufHEAH.] 


AIIAWAT, 

Datd).] 


LoEO    (if.    1829).     [See    Cathcabt, 


AUFOXT,  Sm  JAMBS  JOSEPH  (1811-1882),  raUway 
Bttsger ;  chief  clerk,  then  traffic  manager  and  manager, 
KnningiMttn  and  Derby  railway :  manager  of  Newcastle 
ud  Darlington  line,  1844-50,  and  of  Manchester,  Shefllcld 
ttd  Linooliuhire,  1850-3 ;  general  manager  of  Midland 
nilviy,  1853-7,  director,  1857,  and  again  general  manager, 
IMMO;  wMumging  director  of  Pahner's  Shipbuilding 
Oaopuiy,  Janow,  1857-60 ;  knighted,  1884.  Under  his 
Bauttgoncnt  the  Midland  railway  grew  into  one  of  the 
diief  English  railway  systems.  [Suppl.  L  42] 

AIUOP,  THOMAS  (1795-1880),  stockbroker  and 
uthor :  entered  silk  mercery  trade  in  London,  1812 : 
JQiBsd  Stock  Exchange ;  made  the  acquaintance  of  Cole- 
lUge,  1818 :  on  tiie  poet's  death  published  his  *  Letters, 
OoQtoaatioin,  and  Beocrilections ' ;  inUmatc  with  Lamb, 
Haaditt,  Barry  Com  wail,  and  other  eminent  men ;  provided 
IWgn  CCoonor  with  Ids  property  qualification  as  re- 
PRKDtative  of  chartism  on  his  election  as  M.P.  for 
Ntttiii^ham:  w-as  in  sympathy  with  Orsini,  the  oon- 
9intor  against  Napoletm  UL  A  reward  was  offered  for 
hii  spprdiensioa  as  accessory  in  the  *  attempt  of  Orsini,' 
bat  the  ovcrtnesB  of  his  actions  disarmed  suspicion. 

[i.  337] 

AIXACK,  WILLIAM  (</.  1781),  founder  of  Almack's 
Assembly  Booms :  apparenUy  came  to  London  as  valet  of 
Itake  of  Hamilton ;  proprietor  of  a  tavern  in  St.  James's 
Sti«et;  opened  a  gaming  club  in  Pall  Medl,  Imown  as 
Almaek'B  Clob  (now  Brooks'sX  before  1763;  erected  his 
MKmbly  rooms  In  King  Street,  1764.  [L  339] 

AUaJDA  or  MSADE,  JOHN  (1572-1653X  Jesuit  mis- 
rieoary;  taken  without  his  parents*  consent  to  Viana, 
Ptetogal,  at  age  <rf  ten  ;  admitted  member  of  Society  of 
fam,  1592 ;  oidained,  1602 ;  spent  many  years  travelling 
m  kM  throogli  Bmzil  as  missionary.  [L  340] 

ALKOir.  JOHN  (1737-1805X  bookseller  and  jouma- 
yt> ;  apprenticed  to  printer  at  Liverpool ;  travelled  on 
It,  1758-9 ;  cnpkigred  in  London  as  printer ;  oon- 


NIKEPHOB  (Jl.  1618-1660),  divine; 
rector  of  Woolley,  Huntingdonshire,  1618 ;  ejected,  c  1648 ; 
reinstated,  1660.  [i.  845] 

ALSO?,  ANTHONY  (d.  1726),  poetical  writer ;  MJL 
Christ  Church,  Oxford,  1696;  B.D.,  1706;  censor  and 
tutor ;  published  selections  from  JBaop^  1698 ;  prebendary 
of  Winchester  and  rector  of  BrightwdU  Berkshire ;  left 
England  on  losing  an  action  for  breach  of  promise  of 
marriage ;  returned  and  met  death  by  drowning.  [L  345] 

AL80P,  VINCENT  {d.  1703X  nonconformist  divine ; 
M.A.  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge ;  took  holy  orders  as 
conformist,  and  became  tutor  at  Oakham;  afterwards 
received  presbyterian  ordination  ;  *  presented '  to  Wilby, 
Northamptonshire ;  ejected,  1662 ;  preached  semi-privately 
and  suffered  imprisonment ;  published  *  Antisoszo,'  a  witty 
attack  ou  Bishop  Sherlock,  1675  ;  minister  of  a  congrega- 
tion at  Westminster ;  said  to  have  drawn  up  the  presby- 
terians*  address  to  James  II  for  general  indulgence. 

[i.  345] 

ALSTON,  CHARLES  (1683-1760),  scieutiflc  writer; 
studied  medicine  under  Boerhaave  at  Leydeu  ;  lecturer  in 
botany  and  materia  medica  at  Edinburgh,  and  euperiuteud- 
cut  of  botanical  gardens,  1710  tiU  death.  [i.  346] 

ALBTOK,  Sm  EDWARD  (1595-1669),  president  of 
College  of  Physicians,  1635-66 ;  M.D.  St.  Johii'ts  College, 
Cambridge,  1626 ;  elected  fellow  of  the  Collie  of  Physi- 
cians, 1631 :  knighted,  1660.  [L  347] 

ALSTON,  EDWARD  RICHARD  (1845-1881),  zoo- 
logist ;  wrote  papers  on  mammalia  and  birds  ;  zoological 
secretary,  Linnean  Society,  1880-1.  [L  347] 

ALTEN,  Sir  CHARLES.  Count  von  (1764-1840X 
general ;  of  protectant  Hanoverian  family ;  served  in 
Hanoverian  army,  1781-1803,  andou  its  dtabaudmcut(  1803) 

gined  British  army  and  held  command  (1805-1815) ;  in 
anover,  1805,  at  Copenhagen,  1807,  in  Sweden  and  Spidn, 
1808,  Walchcren,  1809,  the  Peninsula  and  at  Waterloo : 
major-general,  1816 ;  became  field-marshal  in  reorganised 
Hanoverian  army.  [i.  347] 

ALTHAM,  SIR  JAMES  (d.  1617),  judge;  MJ>. 
Bramber,  Sussex,  1589 :  reader  at  Gray's  inn,  1600 ;  double 
reader  and  serjeant-at-law,  1603 ;  baron  of  exchequer 
and  knighted,  1606 ;  decided  against  the  king's  supoiority 
over  the  law,  1610  and  later,  but  admitted  error  in  de- 
ciding that  the  crown  had  no  right  to  giant  commen- 
damt.  [i.  348] 

c2 


AliTHAUS 


90 


AMOKY 


ALTEAirS,  JULIUS  (1883-1900X  physician  ;  born  in 
lippe-Detmold,  Germany ;  M.D.  B«-Un,  1865 ;  assisted  in 
founding  hospital  for  epilepsy  and  parelyais.  Regent's 
Park,  of  which  he  was  physician,  1866-94 ;  published 
writings  mainly  on  therapeutic  effects  of  deotricity. 


Ohabus.] 


rSuppL  i.  43] 
Jc 


ALTHOEP,  ViscouxT.  [SeeSPBNCER,  Johk  Oharijsl 
1783-1846.] 

ALYANLZT,  Baron.    [See  Abdek.] 

ALVBS,  ROBERT  (1745-1794),  poet  and  prose  \vriter; 
educated  at  Aberdeen ;  bead*master,  Banff  grammar  school, 
1773-9 :  taught  classics  and  modem  languages  in  Edin- 
burgh ;  published  poems  and  literary  histwy.      [L  349] 

ALYXT,  BIOHARD  (d.  1684),  master  of  the  Temple, 
1660 ;  fellow,  St.  John's  Oollege,  Cambridge,  1537 ;  B J),. 
1543 ;  successively  rector  of  Thoringtou,  Grinstead,  and 
Sandon,  1640-5S ;  canon  of  WesUniuster,  1562 ;  deprived 
of  preferments  under  Mary,  but  under  Elizabeth  restored 
to  Thorington ;  again  canon  of  Westminster,  1660-76 ; 
rector  of  Bursted  Farva,  Essex,  1671-6.  [i.  349] 

ALVBY,  THOMAS  (1646-1704),  physician;  M.D. 
Merton  (College,  Oxford,  1671 ;  F.R.OJ\,  1676 ;  Hanreian 
orator,  1684.  [i  360] 

\  YisconNT  (184S-1876.)    [See  Russell, 


,   Babon   (1761-18SS).     [See  Dundas, 


\  FRANOIS  KERRIL  (1819-1883),  Roman 
catholic  prelate;  educated  at  St  Mary's  College,  Oscott, 
where,  after  oidination,  he  became  professor ;  missionary 
rector  of  St.  Augustin's  church,  Stafford,  1866 ;  bishop  <x 
Northampton,  1868-79 ;  preconised  to  titular  see  of 
SoBOsa,  1880.  [i.  357] 


IT,  JEFFREY,  Babon  Amherst  (1717- 
1797),  fleld-marshal ;  ensign  in  guards,  1781 ;  aide-de- 
cainp  to  General  Ligonier  in  Gennany ;  snoceMdvely  on 
staff  of  Ligonier  and  Duke  of  Cumberland ;  lieutenant- 
colon^  16th  regiment,  1756 ;  major-general,  commanding 
expedition  to  North  America,  1768 ;  tookLouisburg,  Cape 
Breton  Isle,  succeeded  James  Abercromby  as  commander- 
in-chief,  and  took  Fort  Du  Quesne,  1768 ;  took  TioonderogH 
and  Crown  Point,  and  shared  in  oantnre  of  Montreal, 
1769 ;  governor-general  of  British  North  America  and 
knighted,  1761;  took  strong  but  unsuccessful  measures 
against  Indian  chief  Pontiac  ;  returned  to  England,  1763 ; 
governor  of  Virginia,  1763,  and  of  Guernsey,  1770  ;  privy 
councillor,  1773;  created  Baron  Amherst,  1776;  held 
various  military  ofDoes ;  fldd-marshal,  1796.        [L  367] 


John.] 

▲KBS08E,  ISAAC  (1604-1663X  divine ;  BJL  Erase- 
nose,  Oxford,  1634 ;  presented  to  cure  of  Castleton,  Derby- 
shire, 1637 ;  one  of  king's  four  preachers  in  Lancashire, 
1631 ;  tvrice  imprisoned  by  conmiissionerB  of  array ; 
worked  for  establishment  of  presbyterlanism  ;  sncoessivdy 
at  Leeds,  Preston,  and  Garstuig,  whence  he  was  ejected  for 
nonconformity,  1663 ;  published  rdigious  works,  [t  350] 

▲KBSOBE.  JOHN  {d.  1771),  captain  In  navy ;  served 
in  Channel  and  Mediterranean,  1734-44 ;  court-martialled 
for  neglect  of  duty  at  Toulon  (1744)  and  cashiered ;  re- 
stored to  rank  and  half-pay,  1/48 ;  retired  rear-admiral, 
1750.  [L  361] 

▲KBS08B,  BCiss  (1730  ?- 1818).  [See  Palmer, 
Blkanor,  Ladt.] 

▲KBROSIXTB  ATJBELIAHXIS,  called  Emrts  (Jt, 
440),  British  leader ;  probably  descended  from  Constantine ; 
opposed  Saxon  invaders  and  confined  them  to  limits  of 
isle  of  Thanet.  [i.  351] 

AMUTJA  (1783-1810),  princess;  youngest  child  of 
Geoi^  in ;  delicate  in  health  ;  died  of  erysipelas,  having 
been  a  confirmed  invalid  for  two  years.  [L  353] 

AKEB,  JOSEPH  (1619-1695X  naval  commander  under 
the  Commonwealth  I ;  transported  many  royalists  to 
colonies.  [i.  353] 


IT,  JOHN  (1718  7-1778X  admiral,  younger 
brother  of  Jeffr^  Amherst  [q.  v.] ;  captain,  1744 ;  flag- 
captain  in  Bast  Indies  and  in  North  America,  1766,  in 
Mediterranean,  1756 ;  at  Louisbourg,  Bdle-Isle,  and 
Gibraltar,  1761-3;  commander-in-chief  at  Plymouth, 
1776.  [1 859] 


\,  JOSEPH  (1689-1759X  bibliographer  and  anti- 
quary, grandson  of  preceding  ;  apprenticed  to  plane  maker 
in  Loudon ;  entered  business  at  Wapping  as  either  ship- 
chandler,  ironmonger,  or  patten  maker,  and  continued 
successfully  till  death  ;  became  acquainted  vrith  Rev.  J. 
Lewis  of  Margate,  and  other  antiquaries,  on  whose  sug- 
gestion he  prepared  his  *  Typographical  Antiquities,*  1749 ; 
F.SA.,  1736  ;  F.R.S.,  1743  ;  published  also  an  illustrated 
catalogue  of  English  engraved  portraits,  and  memoirs  of 
the  Wren  family.  [i.  363] 


.,  WILLIAM  PITT,  Earl  Amherst  of 
Arracan  (177S-1857X  statesman  ;  nephew  of  Jeffrey  Am- 
herst [q.  vO  :  envoy  to  Pddn  to  represent  to  the  emperor 
wrongs  sufloned  under  his  rule  by  British  subjects,  1816  ; 
repelled  by  his  discourteous  reo^tion,  he  returned,  1817  ; 
governor-general  of  India,  1833-8 ;  declared  war  on  king 
of  Burmah,  1834 ;  peace  made  af tor  capture  of  Rangocm, 
Martaban,  and  Prome,  and  cession  of  Tenasserim,  Anucan, 
and  Assam ;  created  Earl  Amherst,  1886  ;  returned  to  Eng- 
land, 1838,  and  retired  from  public  affairs.  [i.  360] 

AXHTTBBT,  NICHOLAS  (1697-1748),  poet  and  poU- 
tical  writer ;  educated  at  Merchant  Taylors'  and  St. 
John's  0)Uege,  Oxford  ;  expelled  from  university  perhaps 
on  account  of  his  whig  principles,  1719 ;  settled  in  London ; 
started  bi-weekly  periodical,  'Teme  Filius,'  in  which  Ox- 
ford was  severely  satirised,  1731 ;  suffered  short  imprison- 
ment, 1737,  for  libel  of  CoUey  Cibber  in  *  Craftsman,' 
which  he  started,  1736 ;  published  occasional  poems. 

[L  861] 

AMHOHIO,  ANDREA  (1477-1517X  Latin  secretary  to 
Henry  Vm  ;  bom  at  Lucca  ;  educated  at  Rome  ;  sent  to 
England  as  collector  for  the  pope;  held  ecclesiastical 
offices  at  Westminster  and  Salisbury;  accompanied 
Henry  Yin  in  French  campaign  as  Latin  secretary,  and 
celebrated  his  victories  in  a  Latin  poem,  1513.     [i  863] 


i,  JOHN  id,  1641X  organist  of  Ely  Cathedral, 
1610 ;  Mus.  Bac.  Oxford,  1613 ;  published  sacred 
music.  [L  363] 


L,  RALPH  ((/.  1664X  minor  canon ;  lay  clerk 
of  Ely  Cathedral,  1604-9 ;  minor  canon,  St  George's, 
Windsor ;  gentleman  of  Chapel  Royal,  1638.        [L  363] 


\,  WILLIAM  (1576-1633),  puritan  divine  and 
casuist ;  educated  at  Christ's  College,  Cambridge,  where 
his  rdigious  zeal  resulted  in  his  suspension  by  the  vice- 
chancellor  *  from  all  degrees  taken  or  to  be  taken ' ;  being 
prevented  by  the  Bishop  of  Loudon  from  settling  as  a 
preacher  at  Colchester,  he  went  to  Leyden  ;  worsted  in  a 
controversy  with  Grevinchovius,  the  Arminian  minister  at 
Rotterdam,  1613 ;  chaplain  to  Sir  Horace  Vere,  English 
governor  of  Brill,  Holland,  whose  daughter  he  married ; 
employed  by  Oalvinists  at  synod  of  Dort,  1619 ;  professor 
of  theology,  Franeker,  1633  ;  owing  to  ill-health  removed  to 
Rotterdam,  where  he  died ;  wrote  theological  works. 

[L  355] 
AKX8,  WILLIAM  (<2.  1663),  baptist  minister  and 
qualrar ;  joined  qnakers,  1656 ;  officer  in  parliamentary 
army ;  settled  in  Amsterdam,  1657 ;  returned  to  England 
and  was  imprisoned  for  attending  qnaker  meeting, 
166S.  [L  856] 


*,  RKTHARD  (1736-1803X  unitarian  divine  : 
studied  at  Davmtry,  1755-63;  ndnister  at  Yarmootli, 
1763-4,  and  at  Hampstead,  1765;  published  theological 
works ;  his  name  unwarrantably  appended  to  inddioate 
notes  by  George  Steevens  in  his  edition  of  Shake- 
speare. [L  364] 

AXORY,  THOMAS  (1701-1774X  dissenting  totor; 
studied  divinity  at  Taunton  academy,  where  he  was  assia- 
taut,  1785,  and  principal,  1738 ;  onlained,  1730 ;  suooessivdy 
minister  in  Hull  Bishops,  Taunton,  and  London  (1759) ; 
one  of  Dr.  Williams's  trustees,  1767  ;  D.D.  Edinburgh,  1768  ; 
strenuously  supported  agitation  against  subscription  to 
Toleration  Act,  1773.  [I  864] 

AXORY,  THOMAS  (1691?-1788X  eccentric  writer; 
of  Irish  descent,  though  not  bom  in  Ireluid ;  protwbly 
lived  in  Dublin,  where  ho  knew  Swift;  lived  at  West- 
minster, c.  1757,  with  a  country  house  near  Hounslow ; 
published,  1755,  '  Memoirs,  containing  Lives  of  several 
Ladies  of  Great  Britain,*  and,  1766-66,  *  Life  of  John  Bunds^ 
S«qV  virtoaUy  a  oontinoatlon  of  *  litmoin.'      it  866] 


AMOS 


21 


ANDBBSON 


AMOi,  lin>HBW  (1791-lMO),  lawyer;  bora  in 
India ;  •Inmtal  at  Bton  and  Trinity  OoQege,Oambridge ; 
Iftb  wmckr  and  fellow,  181S ;  oalled  to  bar  and  joined 
middle  ciradt ;  reooider  of  Ozfocd ;  sat  on  criminal  law 
nominiMiimf.  1834-43 ;  flnt  profenor  of  law,  University 
OoUei^  T<wilnn,  1839 ;  snoceeded  Macanlay  as  fourth 
■WTOhfT  cf  goremor-genferal's  ooondl  in  India,  1837-43 ; 
eocmty  eoart  jodge  for  Marylebone,  Brentford,  and 
BroBpton,  1843  ;  Downing  profeeeor  of  law,  Oambridge, 
1848  tffl  death :    poblisbed   legal,  oonstituUonaL   and 

[i7866] 


aHSLDON  (1833-1886X  jurist,  son  of  Andrew 
[4.T.]:  BJL  Glare  OoUege,  Oambridge,  1839;  bar- 
at  Inner  Temple,  1863 ;  reader  till  1869 ;  professor  of 
,  University  OoUege,  London,  1869-79 ;  judge 


of  eoart  of  appeal  (n*tiTe  tribonala)  in  Egypt,  e.  188S ; 
advocated  hi^er  edocatiop  and  political  emancipation 
of  women.  HLs  poblieations  include  a  *  Systematic  View 
«f  the  Sdeaoe  of  Jnifsprodenoe,*  1873.       [SnppL  L  44] 


.,  SlB  RIOHARD  PAUL  (1809-1888), 
jodge  :  sixtli  wrangler,  St.  Peter's  College,  Oambridge, 
1831 :  called  to  bar,  Linooln*8  Inn,  1834  ;  joined  Oxfonl 
eircoit:  took  silk,  1888 ;  MJ*.,  Bast  WoroesterMhire,  1868  ; 
preaidcnt  Legal  BducatJon  Association,  1873;  baron  of 
cxc^ieqoer,  1874  ;  promoted  to  court  of  appeal,  1876 ;  retired, 
W77.  [L  387] 


^,  first  Barox  (1839-1884).   [See  Busskll, 
Odo  WnxjAJC  Lbopold.] 


THOMAS  (1773-18M),  antiquary;  of 
HogoffioC  origin ;  articled  to  a  Norwich  attorney ;  dec- 
tion  agent  (1803)  and  private  secretary  (1806)  to  Mr. 
Windham,  whose  speeches  he  published,  1813 ;  hdd  several 
appointnwnts  in  oolooial  department:  connected  with 
Bcqral,  Percy,  and  Shakespeare  societies,  and  Society  of 
Aadquarief.  [L  368] 

JkMTBAJJT  or  AMABOTT,  PAUL  (/.  1636-1669X 
diTine:  of  German  birth;  vicar  of  Brmington;  sus- 
pended for  Puritanism,  1636;  held  living  of  Mnnsley, 
Korfolk,  and  was  ejected  1663.  [L  369] 

AVASAWD  (dL  913?),  Welsh  prince;  snoceeded  his 
father,  Bhodri,  as  king  of  aU  Wal»,  877 ;  defeated  Saxons 
at  Cymxyd,.  880;  *cnm  Anglis*  devastated  Oanligan, 
c  8W.  [i,  370] 

AVOSLL,  SAMUEL  (d.  180SX  mUitary  writer :  served 
with  38th  regiment ;  besieged  at  OibralUr,  1779-83  :  pnb- 
ttshed  account  of  siege,  1784.  [1. 370] 

AHGRVM,  first  Earl  of  (1678-1634).     [See  KsR, 

BOBIBT.] 

AHDXROOH,  JOHN  LAYIOOUNT  (179S-1874X 
angler ;  educated  at  Harrow ;  became  partner  in  a  Loudon 
hnritifwi  firm,  1816  ;  published  devotional  works  and  a  book 
OB  sngling.  [L  370] 

AKDERDOH,  WILLIAM  HENRY  (1816-1890X  Jesuit, 
•on  d  John  Lavicoont  Anderdon  [q.  v.] ;  BJL  University 
Colkie,  Oxfoid,  1839;  MA.,  184S ;  entered  Roman 
esthoUc  church,  1830 :  ordained  priest  at  Osoott,  1863  ; 
•eevetaiy  to  (Oaniinal)  Manning  in  London,  1868 ;  on 
miwiao  in  America,  1868-70 :  D.D.  Rome,  1869 ;  joined 
Socttty  of  Jesus,  1878;  engaged  in  missionary  work 
in  England ;  poblisbed  religions  and  other  works. 

[SuppL  L  43] 

mXBSOir,  ADAM  ri692  7-1766X  historian  of  com- 
OMroe;  for  forty  years  clerk  in  the  South  Sea  House, 
ottintttdj  becoming  chief  clerk  of  stock  and  new  annni- 
tkt:  publijtLed  (1764)  hist<M7  of  commercial  enterprise 
Iran  earikst  times  to  1763.  [i.  371] 

AHDHSOV,  ADAM  id.  1846X  physicist ;  rector  of 
Berth  soadcniy.fliDd  afterwards  professor  of  natural  pbilo- 
Mpbj  at  St.  Andrews ;  published  articles  on  physics. 
[L  871] 

AHDXBflOV,  ALEXANDER  (1683-1619?),  mathe- 
natirisn ;  tanght  mathematics  in  Paris  early  in  seven- 
tmith  century ;  friend  of  Vieta,  whose  writings  he  edited, 
1(13-17 :  pobli^ied  mathematical  works.  [i.  871] 

AXDSBaOV,  ALEXANDER  (d.  1811 X  botanist; 
"upwinttBodent  of  botanic  vaiden,  St.  Vincent ;  went  on 
teCmiriiig  expedition  to  Quiana,  1791.  [L  373] 


AHDBB80K,  ANDREW  (<l.  1861X  champion  Scottish 
draught-player ;  stocking- weaver  ;  published  book  otfi 
•Draughts,'  1848.  [L  873] 

AHSKSBOK.  ANTHONY  (</.  1693),  theological 
writer  and  preacher ;  rector  of  Medbourae,  Leicestershire, 
1673-93 ;  vicar  of  Stepney,  and  rector  of  Denge,  Essex, 
1687 ;  subnlean  of  Ohapd  Royal,  1693 ;  published  theo- 
logical works  of  puritanic  character.  [L  878] 

AHSBBSOK,  OHRISTOPHER  (1789-1852X  theo- 
logical ^rriter  and  preacher;  originally  in  Insurance 
office,  but  '^became  baptist  minister  in  Edinburgh ; 
founded  Oadic  School  and  Bdinbuzgh  Bible  societies ; 
supported  Indian  missions  ;  published  *  Annals  of  English 
Bible,*  1833,  and  other  works.  [L  878] 

AHSSBSOir,  Sir  EDMUND  (1530-1603X  judge ;  edu- 
cated at  Lincoln  OoUege,  Oxford  ;  studied  at  Inner  Temple, 
1630  ;  reader  at  his  inn  of  court,  1567  ;  double  reader  at 
Inner  Temple,  1374 ;  serjeaut-at-law,  1577 ;  serjeant-at- 
law  to  queen,  1679  ;  knighted  and  made  lord  chief  justice 
of  oonmion  pleas,  1588 ;  took  part  in  triaA  of  Bablugton, 
of  Secretary  Davison,  and  of  Mary  Queen  of  Scots,  1586, 
and  in  the  trials  of  Perrot,  1590,  Earl  of  Esrax,  1601,  and 
Raleigh,  1603 :  showed  great  severity  towazds  puritans, 
and  notably  John  UdalL  [L  878] 

ANDERSON.  QEOROE  (Jl.  17401  mathematician: 
friend  of  the  umthematician  William  Jones,  whoee  letters 
to  him  were  published,  1841.  [i.  876] 

AHDKS80V,  GEORGE  (1760-1796X  accountant;  of 
humble  origin ;  educated  and  sent  by  friends  to  Wadham 
OoUege,  Oxford ;  M.A.,  1784 ;  took  deacon's  orders,  but 
obtained  post  in  board  of  control,  to  which  be  ultimately 
became  accountant-general  ;  translated  Archimedes*s 
•  Arenarius,*  1784.  [i.  876] 

AHSSSSOir,  SIR  GEORGE  WILLIAM  a791-1857X 
Indian  civU  servant ;  employed  chiefly  on  jnuicial  duties 
in  Bombay  dvU  service,  1806-81 :  framed  *  Bombay  Oode 
of  1837';  principal  coUector  and  political  agent  of 
Southern  Mahratta  districts,  1831 ;  Bombay  member  of 
Indian  law  commission,  1835-8 ;  member  Y>f  council  of 
governor  of  Bombay,  1888  ;  governor  of  Bombay,  1841-8 ; 
knighted  and  made  O.B. ;  governor  of  Mauritius,  1849 ; 
K.O.B.  and  ( 1850-5)  governor  of  Oeylon.  [L  377] 

AHSSRSOK,  JAMBS  (1668-1788),  genealogist  and 
antiquary ;  M.A.  Ecllnbmgh,  1680 ;  writer  to  the  signet, 
1691  ;  published,  1705,  *  An  Historical  Essay  showing  that 
the  Orowu  and  Kingdom  of  Scotland  is  Imperial  and 
Independent,*  in  which  document«i,  cited  in  a  pamphlet 
by  William  Atwood  on  the  supremacy  of  the  crown  of 
&igland  over  that  of  Scotland,  were  shown  to  be  forgeries ; 
rewarded  by  Scottish  parliament ;  devoted  himbclf  to  col- 
lecting facsimUes  of  Scottish  charters  and  otlier  muni- 
ments, for  which  work  money  was  voted  by  the  Soottlsh 
parliament,  but  never  paid,  the  parliament  terminating  it 
at  the  union ;  postmaster-general  for  Scotland,  1715 : 
retained  office  for  only  eighteen  mouths,  but  continued 
to  draw  salary ;  his  facsimUes,  published  1789  under  title 
of  'Diplomata' :  also  published  *Oollections  relating  to 
Mary  Queen  of  Scots.'  [L  378] 

AHSESSOir,  JAMES  (1680  7-1739X  preacher :  brother 
of  Adam  Anderson  [q.  v.] ;  educated  at  Abenleen  ;  minister 
of  Presbyterian  churches  in  Swallow  Street,  London,  1710, 
and  Lisle  Street,  Leicebter  Fields,  1784.  Published  sermons, 
works  on  history,  freemasonrj",  and  other  subjects. 

[1.380] 

AKDSSSOV,  JAMBS  (I739-1808X  economist:  after 
age  of  fifteen  managed  famu  near  Edhiburgh  and  in 
Aberdeenshire;  published  essays  ou  agriculture;  LL.D. 
Aberdeen,  1780 ;  advocated  protection  of  Scottish  fisheries, 

grovokiug  remonstrance  from  Bentham,  1783  ;  emplojvd 
y  Pitt  to  survey  fisheries,  1784 ;   retired  to  Islewortii, 
1797  :  published  many  economic  works.  [L  381] 

ANDX^LSON,  JAMES  id.  1809X  botanist ;  physician- 
general  of  East  India  Company,  Madras,  where  he  at- 
tempted to  Uitroduce  oUk  cultivation  and  interested  himself 
in  plants  of  commercial  value.  [1.  383] 

AHSESSOK,  JAMES  (1760-1885),  navy  captain; 
served  in  American  and  first  French  revdntionary  wars ; 
commander,  1806 ;  post-captain,  1818 ;  sent  to  Qo^)ec,  but 
returned,  miDtrustiog  the  capabilities  of  bis  ^ hip  ;  court* 
martiaUed  and  acquitted.  [t  383] 


ANDEHSON 


22 


ANDERSON 


AHDSR80K,  Sir  JAMBS  OALBB  a79S-1861X  in- 
TCDtor :  8on  of  John  Anderson  ( /f.  1816)  {q.  ▼.]  ;  created 
baionet,  1813,  in  appreciation  of  his  father's  services  to 
Irdand  ;  patented  inventions  in  macbiueiy.         [L  S8S] 

AimSBSOK,  JAMBS  ROBBRTSON  (1811-1896X 
aotor:  appeared  with  Macready  at  Govent  Qarden  as 
Florizel  (*  Winter's  Tale  *X  1837,  and  subsequently  played 
Bixon  (*  Love's  Labour's  Lost  *X  Romeo,  lago,  and  Ctessio ; 
seen  as  Othello,  Orlando,  Faulconbridge,  PosUiamas, 
Antony  (*  Julius  Oaesar'  and  *  Antony  and  Oleopatra'), 
Ricluinl  1,  and  Merontio,  at  Drury  Lane,  which  theatee 
he  managed,  1849-61 ;  joint-manager  of  the  Surrey,  1868  ; 
wrote  a  few  dramas.  [SuppL  L  46] 

AKSEBSOK,  JOHN  (1668  ?-1721) , theologian :  minis- 
ter  of  Dumbarton,  and  (17S0)  of  Bamshom  (now  St. 
David's)  Ohuroh,  Glasgow ;  took  active  part  in  contro- 
versy between  episcopacy  and  presbyterianism,  and 
pablished  works  in  the  presbyterian  Interest.       [L  S8S] 

AimEBBOK,  JOHN  (1796-1796X  natural  phUosopher ; 
officer  in  corps  raised  to  resist  Jacobite  rebellion,  1745 : 
studied  at  Gla^ow  :  professor  of  oriental  languages,  1756, 
and  of  natural  philosophy,  1760;  interested  in  practical 
applications  of  science.  [i.  383] 

AHDES80K,  JOHN  (yl.  1799),  wood-engraver :  pupil 
d  Thomas  Bewick ;  entmtved  blocks  for  Geoiige  Samuel's 
lUostrations  of  *  Qrove  Hill,'  a  poem.  [i.  384] 

AHDSB80K,  JOHN  (d.  1804),  physician  to  General 
Sea-bathing  Infirmary,  Margate :  M.I).  Bdinburgh ;  F.S. A. 

[i.  384] 

AinDSBSOK,  JOHN  (Jt.  1816X  founder  of  Fermoy ; 
<rf  humble  origin ;  established  hinoself  as  provision  ex- 
porter, Cork,  1780 ;  purchased  land  on  estate  of  Fermoy, 
Munster :  btiUt  town  of  Fermoy  and  opened  and  improved 
roads  in  Ireland ;  refused  baronetcy,  which  was,  however, 
ocmferred  on  his  son,  James  Cald)  Anderson  [q.  v.], 
1818.  [L  384] 

AHDSR80K,  JOHN  (Jl.  1896X  genealogist :  writer 
to  the  signet ;  secretary  to  Scottish  Society  of  Antiquaries ; 
wrote  history  of  family  of  Frisel  or  Fraser,  1826.  [L  886] 

AHDSB80K,  JOHN  (1789-1832),  genealogist ;  L.R.O.S. 
Bdinbuiigh  ;  surgeon  to  lAnarkahire  militia,  and  to  Duke 
of  Hamilton,  the  history  of  whose  family  he  published, 
1886-7.  [L  886] 

AHDKS80K,  JOHN  (1796-1846X  diplomatic  agent: 
entered  service  of  East  India  Company,  1818 ;  after 
holding  various  appointments  was  *  senior  merchant,'  sec- 
retary to  government,  and  Malay  translator,  1827  ;  agent  to 
governor  of  Fulo  Penang,  1823 :  engaged  in  mercantile 
duties  in  London,  where  he  died :  published  works  relating 
to  Bastem  policy  and  commerce.  [L  886] 

AHDEBSOir,  JOHN  (1806-1865),  missionary;  educated 
at  Bdinburgh ;  prizeman  in  lAtin  and  moral  philosophy  ; 
ordained  minister  of  Scottish  church  and  sent  as  mis- 
sionary to  Madras,  1886;  established  Madras  Ohristian 
OoUege ;  on  disruption  of  Ohnrch  of  Scotland  joined  Free 
Church  and  carried  on  mission  in  connection  with  that 
church,  1843 ;  especially  successful  in  regard  to  female 
edacation  ;  died  at  Madras.  [i.  386] 

AimSBSOir,  JOHN  (1833-1900),  natoralist;  M.D. 
Bdinburgh,  1862;  assisted  In  founding  Royal  Physical 
Society,  Edinburgh ;  professor  of  natural  history  in  Free 
OhmiYsh  College,  Bdinburgh  ;  curator  of  Indian  museum, 
Oaloutta,  1865 ;  accompanied  scientific  expeditions  to 
Yonnan,  1867,  Burmah,  1875-6,  and  the  Mergui  archi- 
pi^ftgo,  1881-2,  and  published  accounts  of  journeys ; 
F3&,  1879  :  honorary  LL.D.  Edinburgh,  1885 ;  F.L.S. ; 
TJBJl.  :  professor  of  comparative  anatomy,  medicfd  school, 
Qslontta  ;  returned  to  London,  1886 ;  contributed  to  *  Pro- 
ceedings'  of  various  learned  societies,  and  published 
seTeral  works.  [Snppl.  I.  46] 

AimSBSOK,  JOHN  HENRY  (1816-1874),  conjurer 
and  aotor ;  known  as  *  Wizard  of  the  North,*  occupied 
Oovent  (Saxden  theatre  when  it  was  burnt  down,  1856. 

[i.  387] 

AHDER80K,  JOSEPH  (1789-1877),  lieutenaut-colonel ; 
ensign,  1805 ;  lieuteuaut-colonel,  1812 :  served  in  Australia 
and  India:  oailitary  commander  and  civil  governor  of 
penal  settlemmit,  Norfolk  Island :  squatter,  1848,  and 
member  of  legislative  council,  Victoria,  1852.      [i.  387] 


AHDKS80V,  LIONEL,  aHa»  Ujitsbos  (d,  1680X 
Roman  catholic  priest ;  tried,  with  seven  others,  on  un- 
substantiated charge  of  receiving  orders  from  see  df  Rome; 
condemned,  hanged,  drawn,  and  quartered.  [L  387] 

AHDEBBOK,  LUCY  (1790-1878X  pianist:  played 
regularly  at  principal  concerts  after  1818;  introduced 
into  England  many  great  works  by  Beethoven,  Hummel, 
and  other  composers.  [i.  888] 

AHDSB80K,  PATRICK  (1575-1624X  Scottish  jeanit; 
edncated  in  Scotland ;  entered  Society  of  Jesus,  Rome, 
1597  ;  missionary  to  Scotland,  1609 ;  first  Jesuit  rector  of 
Soots  College,  Rome,  1616 :  was  betrayed  and  imprisonai 
in  Edinburgh  when  revisiting  Scotland ;  liberated ;  vrrote 
theological  works.  [I.  889] 

AHDEBSOir,  PATRICE  (Jl.  1618-1685X  physician  : 
author  of  a  history  of  Scotland  and  several  medical 
works.  [L  389] 

AimSBSOK,  ROBERT  (JL  1668-1696X  mathema- 
tician and  silk- weaver;  experimented  with  view  of  im- 
proving gunnery,  after  1671;  wrote  scientific  works 
chiefly  relating  to  firearms.  [i.  390] 

AHDEBBOK,  ROBERT  (1750-1830X  editor  and  bio- 
grapher of  British  poets ;  intended  for  ministry,  but  took 
to  medicine :  M.D.  Bdinburgh ;  devoted  himself  to  litera- 
ture ;  edited  *  Complete  Edition  of  Poets  of  Great  Britain,* 
1792-6,  and  separate  editions  of  various  authors ;  for  a 
time  edited  *■  Edinburgh  Magazine ' ;  among  first  to  recog- 
nise genius  of  the  poet  CampbelL  [L  390] 

AHDEBBOK,  ROBERT  (1770-188SX  Cumbrian  poet : 
educated  at  chuity  and  quaker  schools ;  apprenticed  to 

Sittem  drawer  in  Carlisle ;  his  first  poem,  entitled  *  Lucy 
ray,'  probably  suggested  Wordsworth's  *  Shedwdt  among 
the  untrodden  ways ' ;  published  ballads  In  Cumbrian 
dialect,  1806 :  fell  into  habits  of  intemperance,  and  died 
in  extreme  poverty.  [L  391] 

AHDEBBOK,  THOMAS  (1882-1870),  botanist ;  M.D. 
Edinburgh,  1868 :  entered  Bengal  medical  service,  Calcutta, 
1864 ;  director  of  Calcutta  botanic  garden  ;  organised  and 
superintended  Bengal  forest  department,  1864 ;  left  an  in- 
complete work  on  Indian  flora.  [i.  392] 

AHDEBBOK,  THOMAS  (1819-1874X  chemist:  Hope 
prizeman,  1839-40,  and  M.D.  Edinburgh,  1841;  studied 
on  continent ;  F.R.S.  Edinburgh,  1846 ;  regins  pniessar 
of  chemistry,  Glasgow,  1852 :  gained  high  honours  from 
English  and  Scottish  scientific  societies ;  conducted  experi- 
ments in  organic  and  agricultural  chemistry,      [i.  892] 

AHDEBBOK,  WALTER  (</.  1800X  historian:  for 
fifty  years  minister  of  Chimside,  Berwioksliire ;  wrote 
historical  works.  [i.  393] 

AHDEBBOK,  WILLIAM  (rf.  1778X  surgeon  and 
naturalist ;  accompanied  Captain  CJook  as  surgeon's  mate, 
1772-5,  and  later  as  naturalist ;  ocntribated  observations 
to  Cook's  *  Voyages.*  [L  393] 

AHDEBBOK,  WILLIAM  (1767-1837X  Scottish 
painter ;  exhibited  pictures,  chiefly  of  marine  subjects,  at 
Royal  Academy,  1787  to  1814.  [L  893] 

AHDEBBOK,  WILLIAM  (1766-1846X  gardener  at 
Edinburgh ;  curator  of  botanic  gardens  of  Society  <rf 
Apothecaries,  Chelsea ;  F.L.S.,  1816.  [L  398] 

AHDEBBOK,  WILLIAM  (1806-1866),  misoellaneons 
writer ;  brother  of  John  Anderson  (1789-1832)  [q.  v.]  ; 
entered  lawyer's  office,  Edinburgh ;  took  to  journalism ; 
published  volumes  of  verse  and  prose ;  in  London,  1886-42 ; 
produced  *  Gift  of  All  Nations,'  an  annual :  chief  sub-editor 
of  '  Glasgow  Daily  Mail,'  1846 ;  oompiled  various  works, 
including  *  Scottish  Nation,'  ia»»-«3.  [L  894] 

AHDEBBOK,  WILUAM  (1799-1878X  Scottish 
preacher ;  pastor  of  congregation  in  John  Stareet,  Glasgow, 
1822  till  death  ;  LL.D.  GUsgow,  1860 ;  advocated  separa- 
tion of  church  and  state,  and  political  and  social  reforms  ; 
published  pamphlets  and  theological  books.         [L  894] 

AHDEBBOK,  Sm  WILLIAM  (1835-1898),  director- 
general  of  ordnance ;  bom  in  St.  Betersburg,  where,  mid 
at  King's  College,  London,  he  was  edncated  ;  president  of 
Institution  of  Civil  Engineers,  Ireland,  1863  ;  designed 
gun  and  turret  mountings  of  the  Moncrieff  type  for 
British  and  Russian  governments ;  designed  macminery 
for  manafacture  of  cordite,  e.  1888 ;  director-general  of 


AITDBBSOX  i 

odMacB  failnitn,  ISS»:  ILI.O.E.,  1B««,  itoe-pnoblmt, 
UM :  VJl^  1»1 :  K.O.B,  IMT ;  titHumrjr  D.C.L.  Dur- 
bBBiUnipobltelielKieiitUcicrlUugi.    [BuppLL47] 

cBtcd  *1  CUT  at  londiiD  Kibool;  7.It.0J^  IS69 ;  ■oi^ml 
n^titf  ud  laaliCuit  dniHin*ta«l«  of  uutomy,  St. 
TbooKi'i  Honttal.  18TI ;  pruHwur  of  ■Dilony  aod  idt- 
fifT  It  ImiiaUl  Nam  UnllaJ  Oottan  l^>Ua,  I«n-W : 
liiHd  nnslail  Malt  ((  Bt.  Thomu'i,  ISM,  ud  wh  lar- 
raoB,  ini :  prafaMet  ol  uiatony  tX  Ittval  Academy, 
IML  PoUiM.  Korki  on  Jbiwuh  mud  Oblime  mrt,  big 
aillKUiiaa  at  whlcb  vsE  mads  ovvr  to  tbc  Biitlih 
MiBBim,  IMt.  [Suppl.  L  ie: 

AMBWKtaW,  HiniHT  (tUO-KU  71.  (lUnur :  pupil 
tl  DMiMtwi  mrQtol  portnlta  of  Chuln  11  mod  man; 
et  bto  SDortttn.  [1.  SBl] 


chtnter,  lels :  dan  of  Obipd  Boyal.  lel« :  priiy  cdub- 
oUlor  for  Kui<laiul.  l&M.  luid  for  acutiuid,  lfl]7;  took 

^Inea  ippiAiiKd  la  nwlic  '  kiilliorteal  icniog '  of  hibi*. 


r  JAMES  C*.  I«MX  Bonuin  catbollF  c 


4  pd^C;  pobliBbnl  b 


works,  InfilwUng  -Tat  PtoIwIudU  Apotonte  for  Ujb  Ro- 
VTttin  tdnatttii^  i:^liij«  of  tbe  Paaaa  i:ban^b.  [t.SSB] 

AXDZBTOK,  LAt;B£.\C£,.i;iiUSL-ixu«p(U;7-l«i3). 
jBolt;  BJl.  ObHifi  (Mtagc,  Ounbrklgr,  1SS7;  entcnd 
SocMt  c4  Jwk,  Roaw.  IWM.  ud  workol  u  miuloner  In 
bclud;  pgMtabedtbRDagliialwarki.  [LIM] 

K,  JOHN  (1711- 17  W),  nwior :  bora  u 


ihot 


aa;  dh— ifad  to  milil 

idnd  bsnia  <<  Hlgbi 

la  of  Bmay  Til,  dIki  dW 

[LM81 


'cebt^  impruoDDieiK,  and  r«^qul 
AHBSZWB.  (IKOIUIE   (/. 


AmKZWB,  JAUflB  PKTTIT  (ITtT  7-17*7),  inU- 
qnojy  Hid  biitoriui  i  Hrrfd  Id  Berksbln  mltllU  ;  «Dt«T1d 
ten!  pTofmioD ;  poUoe  oonrt  ma^tratc.  Qnaen  Sqouv, 
Wsttminitar,  17«1.  till  imih  :  pnDUilKd  tmuUtlai*  ud 
votki,  ptlnclpall;  faHtorbaU  [L4U7] 

AMSRMWt,  JOHN  (jt.  ISISX  P«t:  ^t^  Trlnltj 
Oolkn,  Oxted;  piobabl;  conile  of  Batvick  Bi*«W, 
WUlSiira:  pubUibed  U»  nndeiTatad  poam, ' Anitomle at 
Paaanaie,'  Mil,  and  MTnal  rellckiiu  worka.       [L 107) 

AKSKtWS,  JOHN  (17M-lB0>h  aatbor:  pobUabad, 
1774-lBOa,  -HtatoiT  of  tbe  War  with  Anwtloa,  Pnraot 
Spain,  and Hollaiid,177«-ei>(17W-«), aid  otlicTlilitofiad 
writlsga.  [L  406] 

AVSKIWa,  UILBS  FVTER  id.  IBUX  dnmaUit; 
lOD  of  a  drraallo  ol  W>tllo(  Strwl ;  ownni  powdir 
ma^aalne  at  Dartford  ;  U.P.  for  Besi'dleT ;  ocpuplol  mau- 
alon  Id  Qnm  ^park :  iFrata  Kraal  ptaji,  praducel  at 
Drory  Laat,  Haymarket,  and  Oovml  Oaidn,  1774-M. 
[1. 108] 

AmaXWS,  ROBERT  (d.  17H7),  tnnilatar  of 
'  TlrgU '  Into  blank  nnt,  17M ;  tncocHlTdy  mlnirter  of 

S^hjteHan  or  pmtfstaot  dlBBvntlng  oongn^tlot 
dgale.  Re-'--' —  — '  "-■^ "■  "   " 

AXSK 
ctemlalrj 


la.  and  BrldipiDrtb. 


[L4W) 


I,  OBBIIASD  <17B0-ia»),  dlibie:  adu- 
inaUr  and  rrinlty  Oollcge.  Cambridge : 
X^lTTl:  DJ>^  180)  :  beld  UTiDg  of  Et.  Jamo'a,  Flooa- 
HB],  IWl:  d»a  at  Oaulaboi;,  1B09.  [L  Wl] 


n,  Orimd :  raedrad  boly  ordn  IW  . 
_ti  ot  HBrttaadaD ;  obtained  Urlng  of  St.  Oita% 
CMpplagatt,  IHi :  pnbtmbi]'  of  StFanra :  maitn  of 
haUnt*  un  1«H ;  ohaplaln  to  WbltsUt  aad  obaplaln  In 
afiaaiT  to  Iba  qnHi ;  dan  of  Vatadniter,  IWl  ; 
M*V  at  taikimtB,  1«0(,  el  EJj,  1«0>,  aad  of  Win- 


Roelvad  diploma  of  Royal  CoUeec  of  S(inraODa,Bdliibni«h; 
UJ>.,  UU ;  Tioe-pnMlant  of  Nottbam  (now  Qum'i) 
OoUega,  Bdlatt,  IM  ■,  pnfiBor  of  obemlsCry,  Qoaa'a 
OoLlcge,  BdfMt.  IStt-Tt :  rjLB.,  1M> :  honorary  V.ILB. 
BdiD^D^gb,  ISTO:  LL,D.  Bdinbnigb,  1871,  Trinity  Ool- 
late.  Dublin,  1871.  and  aiai«Dw,  1S77 :  D^^  1S7>,  Queen't 
DDinvalty  ot  lieUod,  wberr  an  AiMlr«WB  fltodentablp  vaa 
ntabliib^ln  bis  awmory.  HedlKorcnd  tbeexUtenceof 
a  uritlcsl  tempenUre  aiwre  wblcb  gas  oannot  ba  con- 
nrtad  Into  a  Uiiuld  by  piaaoit.  [SoppL  L  it] 

AXDKIWfl,  WILLIAU  (/,  lese-IBSaX  auUmr  ot 
aitrologlal  varkB,  Inclodlug  '  Anuu  ProdlgioaOB.' ie7>. 

I  ABDBXWB,  WILLIAM  (1801-1880),  aemtary  and 
labNiqasitly  praeldRiC  of  Dublin  Natural  HlKory  So- 
ciety :  deioM  bli  attention  cbleSy  to  bntao;  and  marine 
Icbtbyology  [i.  *U»] 

ABDXXWB.    WILLIAU    BUSBBIUS    (1773-1817), 
fanraallJt  and   aatbor;    t'    '--—■-'- -'-     ---'--    


of  ■  Norfolk  01 


mtlced  to  prinli 


Joanial  and  OatboUo  kfonUily  Intelligenc< 
Interval!  and  In  dlSennt  tomu  for  mai 
pnbllahed  worki  are  chiefly  connectol  nitb 


taUgloaicon- 
[i.«U>l 

ARSROB,  Bin  EDMUND  (1U7-1TI4X  colonial  go- 
Temor ;  ffentleman  In  ordinary  to  queen  of  Baliemla,IMO; 
malar  Id  BBpett'idiagooua,  187) ;  bailiff  of  Onoiuey,  1874 : 


ANEUBIN 


24 


ANNE 


knighted,  1678 ;  goyernor  of  provinoe  of  New  York,  1674- 
1681,  of  New  Bngland,  1686-9,  of  Yirgioia  169S-8  (recalled 
m  each  case  owing  to  disputes  arising  from  severity  of  his 
rale),  and  of  Jersey,  1704-6 :  died  In  London.       [1. 411] 

AKE17KIN  Of.  603  ?),  Welsh  poet ;  Identified  by  some 
wltii  Qlldas  the  historian  ;  son  of  Oaw  ab  Qeralnt,  lord  of 
Owm  Oawlwyd ;  educated  at  St.  C^doo*s  OolIq:e,  Llan- 
carvan  ;  probably  present  as  bard  and  priest  at  battle  of 
Oattnteth,  when  he  was  captored ;  on  being  released  re- 
tamed  to  Wales,  and  probably  made  aoqoalntance  of 
Tallesln ;  mardered  by  Eidyn  ab  Binygan :  wrote  'Ctodo- 
dln,*  an  eplo  poem  on  defeat  of  Britons  by  Saxons  at  Oat> 
tra«th.  [t  411] 

AH0A8,  OALEB  (1782-1860),  Yorkshire  agricultarist ; 
oontribated  important  letters  to  the  *San,*  advocaUng 
free  trade.  CL41S] 

AH0A8,  aBOROB  FIFE  (1789-1879X  merchant  and 
shipowner  till  1839;  commissioner  for  formation  of 
colony  of  South  Australia,  1834 ;  having  suffered  losses, 
emigrated  to  Adelaide,  1851,  where  he  died ;  founded 
National  and  Froviiioial  and  other  banks.  [1.  418] 

AH0A8,  0B0R6B  FRENCH  (18SS-1886X  artist  and 
zoologist ;  joined  several  of  (Sir)  Gtoorge  Qrgy's  expedi- 
tions, and  subsequently  published  sketches  and  accounts 
of  travels  hi  Australia,  New  Zealand,  and  South  Africa : 
director  and  secretary  of  government  museum,  Sydney : 
contributed  in  England  tales  of  adventure  to  various 
journals :  fdlow  of  the  Llnnean,  Zoological,  and  Royal 
C}e(^raphlcal  societies.  [SuppL  i.  61] 

AH0A8,  WILLIAM  HENRY  (1781-1832),  saUor 
missionary ;  spent  early  yean  ab  sea :  became  baptist 
minister,  1817,  and  sailor  missionary,  1822.  [1.  413] 

ANOEL,  JOHN  (/L  1656X  chaplain  to  King  FhUip  and 
Queen  Mary.  [L  413] 

AHOZL  or  AHOELL,  JOHN  (d.  1666X  preacher; 
graduated  at  Magdalen  ILiU,  Oxford ;  was  ordained  and 
became  evangelical  preacher ;  town  preacher  and  lecUirer, 
Leicester,  c  1630 ;  sospeuded  for  preaching  without  licence, 
1634 ;  leotarer  at  Grantham,  1660-6.  [I.  418] 

AHOILZB,  PETER  (1686-1734X  painter  of  land- 
scapes aod  ooDversation  pieces ;  bom  atlDunklrk ;  having 
worked  at  Antwerp,  where  he  became  member  of  Painters 
Guild  of  St.  Luke,  was  in  London,  e.  1719-28 ;  wait  to 
Borne,  and  finally  settled  at  Rennes,  Brittany.     [L  414] 

AHOSLL,  JOHN  (Jl.  1768X  stenotfrapher,  of  Dublin ; 

EnbUshed  system  of   shorthand,   bemg  a  variation  of 
[ason'6  system,  1768.  [L  414] 

ANOELO,  DOMENIOO  (1716-1802X  fencing-master, 
named  originally  Domkkico  Anoelo  Malkvolti  Trema- 
MOXDO ;  bora  at  Leghorn ;  studied  horsemanship  at  Paris ; 
migrated  to  England,  c.  1766;  patronised  by  English 
noblemen ;  opened  In  Soho  a  fencing-school,  which  beoune 
very  fashionable ;  pnblisbed,  in  1768,  *  L'Bcole  d' Armes  * ; 
later  retired  to  Eton.  [IvlL  183] 

AHOBLO,  HENRY  (1760-1839  ?X  fendng-master :  son 
of  Domenioo  Augelo  [q.  v.];  became,  c  1786,  head  of  his 
father's  fencing-sdiool ;  published  *  Reminiscences  *  (1830) 
and  *  Angelo's  Pic-Nic '  (1834).  [Ivil.  183] 

ANOELO,  HENRY,  the  younger  (1780-1862),  fencing- 
master  and  saperlntendent  of  swcnd-exerdse  In  the  army ; 
son  of  Henry  Angelo  [q.  v.]  [IvlL  188] 

AHOSLirS  X  BANOTO  FRAVOISOO  (1601-1678) 
(religious  pseudonym  of  Richard  Mabon,  D.D.X  Francis- 
can ;  priest  of  restored  English  province,  1628;  successively 
filled  various  oflBces  in  his  order ;  was  provlncl^  1659-62 : 
retired  to  St.  Bonavraitnre*s  convent,  Douay,  1676 ;  wrote 
several  theological  works.  [L  416] 

AKOELITB,  CHRISTOPHER  (</.  1638),  Greek  scholar ; 
native  of  Pdoponnesus ;  came  to  England  to  escape  per- 
seouUon,  1608 ;  studied  at  Cambridge  and  Balllol  College, 
Oxford ;  published  works  in  Greek,  Latin,  and  English. 
[L  416] 

ATfOEBSTEDr,  JOHN  JULIUS  (1736-1823X  iner- 
chant,  philanthropist, and  amateur  of  fine  art;  under- 
writer in  Lloyds,  1766 ;  through  his  influence  •  Old 
IJoyd's'  coffee  house  was  abandoned  for  the  present  esta- 
blishment ;  devised  systems  of  state  lotteries  :  at  various 
times  bead  of  largest  trading  firms  iu  city ;  besides  other 


phllanttiroplc  works,  re-established  Veterinary  ObUege: 
acquired  collection  of  plcUires,  which  formed  nucleos  of 
National  Gallery.  [I.  416] 

AHOEBVILLB,  RICHARD  (1281-1348).    [See  BuRT, 

RlCHAKn  DK.] 

AHOIBB,  JOHN  (1601^1677),  nonconformist  divine ; 
B.A.  Emmanuel  College,  Cambridge;  came  under  Influ- 
ence of  puritans :  made  pa.«tor  of  Ringley,  1630 ;  ordained 
by  bishop  of  Bangor,  but  without  subscription ;  sospended 
from  Ringley  ;  pastor  of  Denton,  1632  tiU  death ;  twioe 
excommunicated;  signed  the  *  Harmonious  Ooosent,' 
1648;  Imprisoned  for  opposition  to  Commonwealth: 
escaped  persecution  under  Act  of  Uniformity,  ovring  to 
esteem  in  which  he  was  held ;  pablished  sermons,  [i  417] 

A1IOIBB8  or  AHOIBB,  PAUL  (Jt,  1749X  engraver ; 
pupil  of  John  Tlnney.  [L  419] 

AH0LB8ET,  first  Marquis  of  (1768-1864).  [See 
Paget,  Hkvry  Wiluam.] 

AVOLBSBT,  Earls  of.  [See  Villikrs,  Chrutd- 
PHKR,  first  Earl,  1693  ?-1630 ;  Anxrblkt,  Arthur,  first 
Earl  of  the  second  creation,  1614-1686;  Anxiklky, 
Richard,  sixth  Earl,  1694-1761.] 

AH0LU8,  THOMAS  (1693-1676X  [See  Whitb, 
Thomas.] 

ANOUS,  EARL8  OF.  [See  Umfrayilui,  Gilbert  dk, 
1244  7-1307  :  DouoLAS,  Georok,  first  Earl,  1380  ?-140S ; 
DouGLAH,  William,  second  Earl,  1398  7-1437 ;  Douglas, 
Gboroe,  fourth  Earl,  1412  7-1462;  Douglas,  Arcri- 
BALD,  fifth  Earl,  1449  7-1614;  Douglas,  Archibald, 
sixth  Earl,  14897-1667;  Douglas,  Archibald,  dghth 
Eari^  1666-1688 ;  DouoLAS,  WiLUAM,  ninth  Earl,  ISSS- 
1691;  Douglas,  Wiluam,  tenth  Earl,  1664-1611; 
Douglas,  Wiluam,  eleventh  Earl,  1689-1660.] 

AH0U8,  Lord  (1609-1666X  [See  Douglas,  Archi- 
bald, Earl  of  Ormond.] 

AH0U8,  JOHN  (1724-1801 X  independent  minister  at 
Bishop's  Stortlord,  HertfordsUre,  1748-1801.      [L  419] 

ANLABT,  WILLIAM  (16627-1697),  Roman  catholic 
mlsslonaiy ;  educated  as  protestant,  but  was  converted, 
and  entered  college  of  Dooay,  1674 ;  ordained,  1677 ;  mis- 
sionary in  Yorkshire ;  hanged  as  seminary  priest.  [L  419] 

ANKALT,  Baron  (1718-1784).    [See  Gorr,  John.] 

AHFAHS,  WILLIAM  (1633-1689),  dean  of  Bdin- 
burgh  ;  B.A.  XJniverslty  College,  Oxfonl,  1666 ;  ordained 
by  an  Irish  bishop,  and  M.A^  1666 ;  Anglican  miidster  at 
Weston-ln-the-Green  ;  vicar  of  Lelghton  Buzzard,  1661 ; 
chaplain  to  Eari  of  Middleton ;  minister  of  Tolbooth 
church,  1663,  and,  later,  of  Tnm  ohordi,  Bdinborgh ; 
dean  of  Edinburgh,  1676 ;  published  reli^os  works. 

[i  419] 

AHFANDALB,  first  Marquis  of  (d.  1781X  [See 
JoHXSTOXE,  William.] 

AHKB  OF  Bohemia  (1366-1394X  first  qaeen  of 
Richard  II ;  eldest  daughter  of  Bmporor  Charles  U,  by 
fourth  wife,  Elizabeth  of  Fomerania ;  arrangtaneuts  for 
her  marriage  made  by  Earl  of  Kent  aod  two  others,  1879, 
but  her  arrival  was  ddajred  by  Wat  Tyler's  rebdlion : 
she  eventually  reached  London  and  wsb  married,  1S8S  ; 
Richard  II  was  devoted  to  her,  but  the  expenses  of  tbc 
housdiold,  largely  increased  by  her  Bohemian  retinue, 
had  much  to  do  with  the  strugrgles  between  Richard  and 
parliament ;  in  1392  she  acted  as  mediatrix  between  Idng 
and  city  of  London,  which  had  refused  the  Idng  a  loan : 
died  childless  at  Sheen,  of  the  pestilence.  [i.  420] 

AHKB  (1466-1486X  queen  of  Richard  III ;  daughter 
of  Richard  Nevlll,  earl  of  Warwick,  *  the  king-maker,'  and 
of  Anne,  heiress  of  the  former  earls,  of  the  Beanchamp 
family  ;  betrothed  at  Angers,  1470,  to  Edward,  prince  of 
Wales,  son  of  Henry  YI,  to  be  married  in  the  event  of 
Wan^ick's  expedition  to  restore  Henry  VI  being  snooess- 
ful,  an  arrangement  which  the  death  of  Warwick  and 
Prince  Edward  prevented;  married  Richard,  duke  of 
Gloucester,  1474,  and  when  he  usurped  the  throne,  I4n, 
became  queen ;  survived  by  less  than  a  year  her  only  son, 
who  was  bom  c  1476,  and  died  1484.  [i.  423] 

AHMB  (1607-1636),  second  queen  of  Henry  YIII; 
dauf^hter  of  Sir  Thomas  Boleyu,  afterwards  Earl  of  Wat- 
shire  and  Ormonde ;  *one  of  the  French  qoen's  wobmb,* 


.amrd  lo  Boglnod. 
il  irllti  Hhut  TUl.  vho  btd  b«»mg 
becwiH  Hsu;  VIII'i  mlitreH  itUr 
1U7,  <bf  kiDC  h&Tlajf  Itdtltated  pnHeedlnj^  with  h  *1aiv 
to  tM  dinme  from  Cklbcrine  of  Amgon  ;  HonUy  Dur- 
rlad  in  JaoOMT  UU.  C*tli*clii*'i  mairUaT  bdng  daclud 
iiBlLAawuerawiiB(ia]WhltSaDdAy,utdhad*utrht«r. 

■few  HnidB  iMd  (ndndlydicd.  ohiu«<d  bsr  with 
oiBun*]  totMQM  With  nevenl  pcnoDi.  Inolmllng  bcr 
flim  bniths',aBdBbeinHDciiiilamQeaiod«eCb^  wbereupon 
ho*  manriiM  biliw  dtciattd  innUd  ih*  wai  er«atAL 

Ann  or  Oixrm  (Ifli-lMrx  footUi  uihcd  of 
HtforT  Vm  ;  du^t«r  of  Johii,  duke  of  Ciewtt,  uid  Muy, 
aiilji]H«litK(ifWUUiuii,ilulnot  JalknihiirUCliCTbdiw 
the  moat  parirerfD]  aupporteT  ot  pntcatuitLim  La  wst 
Dtf  GvAaj,  ftie  Tu  Mectcd  bj  CramwoU  u  vlffl  for 
SoiTT  OD  dinUi  of  Jmh  Stynumr :  urugnDenti  far  Out 
nvtetmu^lD  ItN;  miTM  at  QrKnvrlvb,  IHO.    The 

— • -■■-  ■-■—  -~  "-rtng  Um  nurrUge 

■fowl  OD  condLUon 

[L  4M]  ° 

Ddciuu  (1IT*-1«1>X 
ndsldk  n  ot  DBimuk 

_  ter of  nirtc 111, dnJte of   ..  _,     _. 

Skanteborg.  Juliuid;  uegoMUlon*  eeaomlng 

of  Hujr,  Uie 


pcnij  at  CnntiBgin,  M  Ang^lIM,  imi]  to  Juoea  In  per- 
■mtlKDT.nUowlsgat  OpebHtKomj;  eha  HTiwd  wlCJi 
Um  X  Lellb.  1  Msj  ino ;  onmied  vtlfa  Ju»  >t  WlDdw, 


SS 


Di  la  IHI,  b 


ALKXANDER  (• 


AmnULXT,  ARTHUIt,  tint  Eahl  < 
aeil-lSMX  "OH  of  Bit  Pnmdi  Anii(.ley 
Imtad   at    IligdilsB    College.   Uifud,     1 


Soota  Ln  UUler.  1 


IMl ;  pnaldaat  of  i 
RealonUon,  privy  c 


e.  Febmuy  IBM : 


"SI 


[U.l) 
n  FRAHUIB.  but,  Babon  Mouxt- 
ieousTTiLiisTi*<lW»-lfl80):  hell 
•I  lUte  Id  DDblln,  ItM :  took  k^Ii« 
of  Ubter,  Itm ;  memMr  f«  cooDtjr 
b  HrllADkent,  IBIS  ;  kDlgbUd,  161B ;  prtU' 
oTitiiteloT  IieluidilBlS:  baroiKt,{BW: 


to  IriilijMenge.lSW:  ■tnuom-tt-iw'  tDdliUUoDto 
oUier  omoai,  1UI;  qnureUal  wlUi  Sit  Tbonu  Wcnl- 
...    >_  £^[  ^  BliBlIord,  who  became  lord' 

rgid  (IBM  and  IBll)  wicli  malvenlon 
,  aud  eeulenoeil  to  deaUi ;  deprived  o( 
ued:  bl>  imtcnce  declared  uDJiu'  bj 


^imtt  Ihiaagta  tlie  coudDt,  Uiat  lo  Bath  In  KIS  bebig 
ntnotable.  She  la/gd;  bdolged  a  taite  fat  boiUIng, 
ud  Eooaeqaentlj,  in  iplte  of  manT  vaiUamenlarr  gnaU. 
dkdbeaTl^bidHit.  Her  IncUnattoD  tovaidi  the  BtHoan 
ehoidi  oecaelOHd.  IBM,  a  pracUniatlon  baalihiag  jeaulte 
tDd  cesdnarj  prtate  from  the  hlagdaai,  hut,  tfaongb  the 
li  1^  to  ban  dsdand  hoicU  a  cn^ollc  ibeiUed  profse- 

f  Ormt  BrittdD  and  Ire- 

.'b  lUHce.  LoodoD ;  eeoond  daogh- 

— la  H)Tl*,dBnghtEri  ■ 

itatant  faith :  ooi 

.  „ .-■Ith  ber  eldei  elite 

o  maiTl(d  Prince  ot  Orange,  1977);  propoee 
h  Prinoe  Oeocse  of  HanOTS  ente 
J    .«, -d  GemK*,  BTtaoe  I 


unrxBLSY,  JAifBs  (irii-i7Bax  <^ 

Laid  AltbuD,  br  bli  wife,  or  bv  ■  wnmi 
L«Ddy ;  U>«d  wf"  ■■-  ■— — 


Kl'iltl 
AugleKT. 

«vf"lT«)),     1 

bat  belna  witfaa 


It  hUhUMTH 

ranli  sbUled  fi 

n  (HK)  U.   broil 


nacle  (l'*3. 


.  BbandoiKd,  1S81 :  ourrii 


■it,  apd  eontrind  to  gei  bi* 

)  RDgleud,  And   teklp^   legal 

,  —  ,  _„,  '--'— al  li^tlinat*, 

could  be  pro- 


HeM-poit-PagneU,  1737:   married 

DonnoTau  (whom  be  married,  17 
dtath  (1761)  clalmal  the  tlUa<   nl 


Wimam'e  wife.  Slari- :  aaaended  the  throne,  8  lUnh  ITOl,  | 
aeri  gan  the  Dnc^Mof  Hatlboimgb,  wlcli  wbom  ebe 

ia  Ika  m^  baneebold,  wblob  Ibe  (bobeee  held  till  1711,  i 
■ben  elii  waa  nuuMilad  bj  lira.  Ifiuham,  ber  cdobId  ; 
and,  Rto«0«nBi^ died  lloe.    Thnugbout 


AKKXBLEr,  HAUUEL  (IB30  ?.!£«),  paritan  non- 

-'iroilrt;   graduated  BA.  ami  M.A.  Qaoen-.  College, 

nl;  ordained^  chaplain  In  Uiobe  Diari-of-war  lo  Bar! 

bifotd  ;  lecturer  of  St.  Peul'n.  1067 ;  vlolr  of  sit.  QMu. 
Crtpplegat*,  IBIB;  ejected,  IBM :  praachol  iwml.pri™i*ly, 
and  kept  a  meeUDK-booK  in  Littlest.  Helea'a.      [u.  I] 

AXirZT,      PBTBR     (16S1-1/B9),   delitlcsl   writer- 

EchDulnuwtEt ;   loat  bit  employmFot  Uirougb  bitter  at- 

taotoon  the  apologetic  u-riCbigs  ot  BIjihop  Bberlook  and 

,  t.  17M  ;  perhaps  author  ol  '  History  ot  the  Han 

Ood'.  own  Heart.'  1761 ;  .ttunked  Old  Tortament 

ontlemDM  to  imprisonment,  plllwj-,  and  bard  laboar, 
.  bi>  writings  form  a  link  between  the  delem  ot  Uie 
riy  eighteenth  oentDry  aud  Uiat  of  tbe  renlDUaiarr 
Ood.  [tt. »] 


;  dltcoTercd,  ISlI.Bkeletfluot  iFlitliyo- 
(Dcnrof  pletloHiinui  uiJ  puroluIiLui.      [SuppL  L£t] 

AUSSELL.  RICHARD  (ISlE-ieSB).  uiloul  t»liitfr: 
eiblbltoi  u  Rojid  Aeiukinj  (rom  1810 :  B.A..  laro :  be 

BiWUllon..  [aippl-LlJ] 

ANEELL.  CHABLI«(1I94-Iesi),a<^<a»ry:  emplojBl 

b:tuary  ro  wenl  oompanja :  ^tc  expert  «Tldencxbefan> 
Mint  puliaDicnUr)'  onnuiiltteiii,  IMl-BI;  pnbUihal  n 
work  ijealliig  with  frieiiilly  socletiei  from  a  loEentkflu 
•tamlpdint.  [IL  10] 

AXtXU..    GSOHOB    FREDERICK  <19»-l»aa),  In- 


Brfrdunp  In  m[nei,  [11.  ID] 

T  (IDU'llW).  irchbbtaop  o(  Ctanur- 
to:  oduaitnl  In  Abbey  of  St.  Ltgtr. 


iilmitiBl  by  monta  of  Obriit  Ohnrdi  i 


1003-19;   ■bba^ 


Hand  lUd  not 
Or  (ccspUd  U 
bUbopdo  of  OantobaiT  frem  WQUam  II,  wbo  ir 

m  ..  rt, . -uooed  at  OantertinrT,  lOU 

m  Uibopi,  tlw  cibanJi  at  U 


WQUuo  I  OB  Add  n 
M :  applied  tor  pErmlnUn  to  go  to  Rome  und 
paUlnm  trma  ttiB  p«a  IHH ;  tburi  Iwing  tn-a 
lvpa[Aflj,UrtiaDandOlBiieBtf  ndtherofvbom 
id  recogiilwd,  bud,  u  BbbM  of  Bte,  ncORnln) 


UrbHiaiidni 


B - 

Urtan  aapopc;  afonnoCROOnalllAtiao  madol 
«iUildm,eiiwb!chbtnc«ltedElMpalIliiai  rmu  vue  [w|hii 
lentfl ;  obtafnad  laaTB,  wltli  dinooltr,  to  fro  En  Rome  In 
dtdar  td  InUnM  Um  pop*  In  clia  einuUtlaD  of  Kntrbnl, 
inti  biaettaUlHliBdbTthaklnc;  ncdred  by  Uie pope 
_..-..  .. — i  — . — .^_j  — ■_.. —  __  r_  •..^  e[^enopaJ 


eoDtluent,  and  luEueitue]..^  ..  ._     _.  .„._  .  __ 

Aiupacti.  tthom  alv  marriFd  on  the  ilcnth  of  iiee  hu^bninl. 

lermi  plsj^  prolucHl  oC  Dniry  Lai»,OavaitOanUii,nnil 
clHwhete.  [11,  SO] 

AiraTED.  DA  TIL  THOM.tS  (1911-1880),  geohmiK; 
fellow  of  j™m  CoUogE,  Oambrtapi :  pnHmwr  of  ewilogT 
at  KlnK"!  Collet.  LoDdou :  owlttaot  neoKtarr  to  Oeolo- 
tflcal  Society,  1844-7 :  wrote  work»  on  gotiogj  and 
travel.  [tl.  171 

AKBTXK.  JOHN  {1793-lM7)i  nvloa  profaBor  of 
ddl  lav.  DnbUn :   Kbolu  of  Trinity  OoUege,  Dublin, 

181B- cailollolnilihar,  1*M  :  LL.D,  19»:  pi.blwlMd 
tHnslation  of  e  ml  part  of  (Joctbe's  'Faint.'  ISIS;  tegln- 
Irap  to  conn  nl  ainutalty.  InbUKl,  1M7 ;  rutliu  profiMiB 
Df  olvU  law.  DabUn,  18eO;  pabUibad  Koond  part  of 
'  Paojt,'  isai.  ol  38] 

AXBTET.  OKRlSTorHER  (1714-mol).  port:  Hlu- 
otM  St  Klim :  ^cbolnr  and  fellov  of  Kln^t  OoII^ik  Cam- 
brtdge.whorebedlstinitiilfhed  lilnueK  hy  hl>  yoiibi  ;  in  oon- 

EiQtlon  wtlh  Dr.  Ilobw«.  traa«lalel  Orsy'i  ■  Eligy  ■  Into 
tin.lT«I:  pnblIp.hol'N«or  Bath  Outdo.- 17M:  cwided 
at  BnCfa.  1770-130; ;  publlsbed  occulonal  Tenee,  [K.  1ft] 
JOHNt'f.  IBltkpoetiKoondHinolObris- 


'TbD  P 


'•  Inn 


TWted  BanM ;  tbtoo*  wait  to  Ljcou,  and  no^ngd  i 
Hll  tbt  Hint  Id  dlnnle  with  tbe  Ung  ibonid  Iw  decnuM. 
Tbe  matter  vaa  Unlly  MIK  1107,  wboi  tin  Un«  «d«d 
tliorlpbt  af  InrEatitOFA  and  Atuielm  promlud  tbatelrcLAl 
pT^ta  sboald  not  be  debarrvd  from  con-^ecratlon  on  ac- 

many  theological  and  pblloBophlcal  a-orin,  lnclk}d]nff  tba 
lamodj '  UoDoliig^an."Pro>log1on.'  and  '  Cur  Deu)  Homo.' 
[il  lOJ 
ASBLAY,  BRIAN  (IT.  lB91),y»nian  of  wine-ollar  to 
Henry  VIII  ;  publldied  'Bote  of  tbe  Oyle  at  Uidln.' 
1S31.  [U.  11] 

AH80IT,  OEOItOB,  BiROH  AHaoK(l«t7-17B9Xadml-  i 
'er  Captain  ChambcMn.  I7tl :  inldf hip- 
•  — darSlr  Jaim  Nom>  io  Balllo,  "i"  - 
T  air  GeorgflByn^,  '"*"'  '" 


[li  31] 
)UAS  CHTSHOLM  (1914-1871), 
Welllnglon  and  Unlvn^lty  College 
ar.  1830  :  beisms  luterestod  In  tbi 

llohm :  profflHor  of  law  at  Roman  cathollo  colle^  Prior 
Vwrt.  Batb ;  CaDk  to  poUtlca  lu  anpporter  of  Htreme  ho- 
Mon  ft  0-Connell'i  foUowen :  ILP.  for  ToughRl,  IM7-BI ; 
attorncr-gmerHl  of  JJrmif  Kong.  ISM  ;  bli  radleHl  policy 

ftom  IMB-a.  al  Bombay  bar.  tUl'  d«Il^ :  publlaM  many 
I  legal  noil  pDimcnItraals.  C'i-^] 

ABBTIOE.  JOSEPH  (IftOft-ieU),  clHixiial  aobolar; 
alnonud  at  WsDnlmter  and  ChrUt  Cbanili,  riiford: 
profi-uorot  claiBlcal  lilsmture,  Khig'g  College.  London, 
IB"-".  [U.«] 

AMBTU,  FRANCT3  EDMUND  (1«M-187(),  phy 
alaian  ;  slncated  at  King's  Collect.  Loudon  ;  ILEJiS, 
and  US.A.,  IBM ;  M.B.  London,  1SI7  ;  U.D„  lUfl  ;  PX7.P., 
IMS  ;  anlitant-pbyilclui,  WHtmlniUr  Boapltal,  IMO, 
and  (nil  pbyalclin,  1971;  lint  dean  of  Uedteal  School 
(or  Women.  1874  ;  for  some  yean  on  editorial  itaB  of 
-'  LoDcet ' :  InfluoiCial  In  brioiflnif  aboiit  refomia  In  par 
lawi :  cooCribuCal  lAryely  to  UMdloal  jodruali  and  nnb- 
lUtaed  leveral  ioledllflff  vrarta.  [!l  41] 

ANSTtB,  JOHN,  lie  elder  (1BB»-17*4K  OaM*r  klna 
'  ■        -  .^'-W  <^'?EL-  f""™ 


1KB;  ilcs-BdmliBlati 
0<tFlDi>UTn,17irira_. 
b«b  Torb,  dangbter  Dt  lord 


ANSTBUTHEB 


27 


ARBUTHNOT 


,    SIR    AliBXANDER    (1769-1819), 

ABglo-Iiidiaii  jad^ :  called  to  bar  at  Linoolirs  Inn :  ad- 
▼ocate-geoeral,  Ifadns,  1903 ;  recorder  of  Bombay,  and 
laacbtad,  181S :  patdisbed  reports  of  ezcheqaer  cases. 

[1L«] 

JjraxmVTHXB,  8iR  JOHN  (17ft3-1811>,  poUttdan, 
uDd  Angio-IiMUan  jodge ;  called  to  bar  at  linooln's  Inn, 
1779;  HP.  for  Ooctermoatb,  1790-6:  took  part  in  im- 
peM^ment  of  Warren  Haatings :  chief -jostioe  of  Bengal, 
and  baronet,  1797 ;  retezned  to  England,  1806 :  privy 
ronnrillnr;  U^.  for  Kilkenny.  [U.45] 

AMHTJIUTHSR,  ROBERT  (1768-1809X  general; 
educated  at  Westminster ;  ensign,  1788,  lieutenant  and 
captain,  1792,  in  Soots  goazds  ;  sored  in  Flanders,  1793-4 ; 
major  tmd  lieatenant-oolonel  in  68th  regiment  in  West 
ladieBi,  1797 ;  served  as  captain  and  liratenant-cokmd  in 
goazds  In  Helder  expedition,  1799 ;  qaartennaster^:aieral 
to  Sir  Ralph  Aborcromby  in  Mediterranean,  1800 ;  colonel 
and  depa^  qoartennaster^^eral  in  England :  adjatcmt- 
general,  Ireland;  brigadier-general  in  Portugal,  1807; 
tof^ht  at  Yimeiro  and  in  the  retreat  from  Toro,  and  died 
dsy  before  battle  of  Conmna.  [iL  46] 


AP8LEY,  Sir  ALLEN  (1569  7-1630X  Ueotenant  of  the 
Tower ;  having  been  ruined  at  court  by  gambling,  sailed 
with  Essex  to  Cadiz,  1696;  went  to  Ireland ;  became 
victualler  of  Munster,  1605,  and  to  navy,  1610 ;  lieutenant 
of  Tower,  1617.  [ii.  61] 

AF8LBY,  Sir  ALLEN  (1616-1683X  royalist  leader ; 
son  of  Sir  Allen  Apsl^  [q.  v.] ;  educated  at  Merchant 
Taylors'  and  Trinity  College,  Oxford  ;  M.A.,  1668 ;  com- 
manded company  of  horse,  1643 ;  royalist  governor  of 
Exeter  and  later  of  Barnstaple,  which  he  surrendered 
to  the  parliamentarians,  1646;  engaged  with  Sir  John 
Berkeley  in  negotiations  between  king  and  army,  1647 ; 
appointed  to  various  offices  in  royal  household  after  1660 ; 
colonel  in  Duke  of  York's  army,  1667  :  M.P.  for  Thetfoid, 
1661-1678 ;  buried  in  Westminster  Abbey  ;  published  a  long 
poem, '  Order  and  Disorder,'  1679.  [iL  61] 

AaxniPOKTAHTTS   (168S  ?-1696  ?).     iSee   Bridge- 

WATER,  JOUN.] 


Sir  WILLIAM,  Lord  (d.  1711 X 
judge ;  MJ*.  for  Fifeshire,  1681  and  1689-1707  ;  sided  with 
Prince  of  Orange ;  lord  of  session  and  privy  councillor  ; 
baronet  of  Nova  Scotia,  1694 ;  lord  of  justiciary,  1704 ; 
pohlisiMd  a  volume  of  essays.  [ill  46] 

AMTHOVY,  FRANCIS  (1650-16S3X  empiric  and 
rtfcfmical  physician;  M.A.  Cambridge,  1674;  perhaps 
MJX :  after  1600  was  repeatedly  fined  and  imprisoned 
for  practiaing  in  London  withoat  license  from  College  of 
Fbysaaana,  bat  finally  suooeeded  in  defying  the  ctSlege 
with  tbe  aid  of  friends  at  court;  the  efficacy  of  Ids 
ddcf  remedy,  aurum  polabUe,  he  defended  in  several 
pamphlets.  Cii.47] 


JOHN  (1586-1666),  physician;  son 
of  Fxaacis  Anthony  [q.  v.] ;  MJ).,  1619,  Pembroke  Col- 
lege. Oambridge ;  L.C J*.,  16S6 ;  sucoeeded  to  his  father's 
practice ;  wrote  *  Coadort  of  the  Soul,*  published  1664. 

[iL48] 
AHTOV,  ROBERT  (JL  1616X  poetical  writer ;  BJL. 
Magriftkne  College,  Cambridge,  1610 ;  published '  PhikMO- 
pbera  Satyrs,'  in  verse,  1616.  [ii.  48] 


Marquis  op  (1609-1683).  See  MacDoknkll, 
Baxdau] 

AITTXIM,  Earu  of.  [See  MAcDoNrTsi.L,  Sik  Ras- 
DALs  firstt  Earl.,  d.  1636 ;  MacDonnklu  Randal, 
seoood  Earl,  1609-1683;  MacDonnbll,  Alexandkr, 
third  Earl,  d.  1696  ?.] 

AFLDI,  PETER  (1763-1817X  admiml :  served  in  Ameri- 
can war  m^er  Hyde  Parker  andComwallis  ;  admiral. 

[il.  48] 

APPSBLET,  CHARLES  JAMES  (1779-1843X  sporting 
writer,  known  as  '  Nimrod ' ;  entered  Uu^by.  1790  ;  comet 
in  Sir  Watkin  Wynn's  ancient  light  British  dragoons, 
17^:  having  lost  money  in  farming  experiments,  he 
became  oootributor  to  the  *  Sporting  Magazine,'  18S9; 
member  of  staff  of  *  Sporting  Review* ;  published  a  series 
of  sporting  memoirs  and  reminiscenoes.     [SuppL  L  63] 

APPLXTOH.  CHARLES  EDWARD  CUTTS  BIRCH 
(1641-1879),  man  of  letters  ;  educated  at  Reading  and  St  j 
John's  CoDege,  Oxford  ;  B.A.,  1863  ;  D.C.L.,  1871 ;  studied  | 
hi  Qennany ;  foonded  *The  Academy,*  1869,  and  edited  it 
tm  bis  death ;  visited  America.  1876,  and  took  up  the 
question  of-  intematiiooal  oopyri^t;  travelled  for  his 
health  to  Egypt,  where  he  died.  [iL  48] 

APPLSTOV,  HENRY  (/.  1660-1654),  captain  in 
navy,  and  commodore ;  eemd  in  Mediterranean,  in  Dutch 
war  (1669),  in  conjunction  with  Badiley ;  caused  Badiley's 
defeat  off  Elba  by  neglecting  to  send  rdnf oroemente ; 
defwited  and  c^tored  b^  Dutch  ofF  Leghorn,  1663; 
ransonwd.  and  deprived  of  his  command.  [iL  49] 


^.-«.«...^,  Sm  MATHEW  (1606-1669X  royalist 
Bdhtary  commander ;  knighted  after  taking  of  Leicester ; 
MJ».  for  Headco.  [iL  60] 

APPOID,  JOHN  GEORGE  (1800-1885),  mechanician ; 
ia  bonness  at  Finstmzy  as  fnr-ddn  dyer ;  brought  out  many 
scientific  and  mechanical  invoitlons.  [iL  50] 

,  fint  Babox  (1714-1794X    [See  Bathttbst, 


.] 


BTXTABT  (1575-1615X  daughter  of 
Charles  Stuart,  earl  of  Lennox,  younger  brother  of  Lord 
Damley ;  next  heir  to  English  throne  after  James  I ; 
became  engaged  to  William  Seymour,  who  was  also  of 
royal  descent ;  and  the  marriage  was  celebrated  secretly, 
1610 ;  died  in  Tower.  [iL  53] 

ARAM,  EUGENE  (1704-1769X  criminal ;  with  slight 
assistance  educated  himself  till  able  to  open  a  small 
school  at  Ramsgill,  where  he  married  ;  bdng  suspected  of 
complicity  in  a  fraud  practised  by  one  Ds^uiel  Clark,  he 
disappeared  for  some  years,  during  which  he  continually 
prosecuted  his  stoiies ;  whUe  schocd  usher  at  Lyme  Regis, 
1768,  was  arrested  on  information  of  Houseman,  an  accom- 
plice, on  a  charge  of  murdering  Clark;  condemned  and 
executed.  Houseman  being  sole  witness ;  left  philologi- 
cal writings  of  oonsiderable  value.  [iL  53] 

AXBLAY,  FRANCES  (BURNBYX  Madamr  d*  (175»- 
1840X  noveUst,  daughter  of  Dr.  Bum^;  self-educated; 
published  her  first  novel, '  Evelina,'  anonymously  (thon^ 
her  father  soon  divulged  the  secret),  1778 ;  brought  by  its 
success  to  the  notice  of  most  of  the  literary  personages  oC 
the  day :  published  *  Cecilia,'  with  shnilar  success,  178S ; 
made  the  acquaintance  of  Mrs.  Delaney,  who  procured  her 
the  appointment  of  second  keeper  of  the  queen's  robes, 
1786 ;  being  broken  in  health,  obtained  with  difficulty  per* 
mission  to  retire,  1790:  married  General  d'Arblav,  a 
French  refugee  in  England,  1793;  pubUshed  *  Camilla,' 
1796 ;  joined  her  husband,  who  had  endeavoured  to  obtain 
employment  in  Paris,  180S ;  returned  to  Engbuid,  181S ; 

Eublisbed  her  last  novel,  *The  Wanderer,'  1814  ;  rejoined 
er  husband  in  Paris,  and  retired  to  Belgium ;  passed  the 
rest  of  her  Uf e  in  England,  after  the  Waterloo  campaign ; 
edital  her  father's  '  Memoirs,'  1832 ;  published  'Diary  and 
Letters,'  1842-6.  [iL  66] 

ARBVGIKLE,  JAMES  (1700-1734  ?),  poet  and  essayist ; 
published  between  1719  and  1727  verses,  letters,  and  essays, 
many  of  which  had  appeared  in  periodicals.  [iL  58] 

ARBTJTHKOT,  ALEXANDER  (1538-1683),  Scottish 
divine  and  poet ;  educated  at  St.  Andrews ;  studied  civil 
law  at  Bourges;  licensed  minister,  and  appointed  to 
living  at  Logie  Buchan,  1568 ;  principal  of  King's  Col- 
lege, Aberdeen,  1569 :  recdved  living  of  ArbnUmot,  Kin- 
cardineshire ;  incurred  King  James  vl's  displeasure ;  being 
a  zealous  presbyterian,  and  having  been  appointed  minlBter 
of  St.  Andrews,  in  1683,  was  ordered  to  return  to  King's 
College,  where  be  died,  and  was  buried  ;  published  and  left 
in  manuscript,  verse  and  prose  works.  [iL  59] 

ARBTTTHKOT  or  ARBTTTHHET,  ALEXANDER  {d. 
1686X  printer,  of  Edinburgh ;  with  Thomas  Bassandyne 
obtained  permission  to  print  first  bible  issued  in  Scotland, 
1676,  and  in  1676  was,  with  his  associate,  granted  exclusive 
rights  of  printing  and  veiling  for  ten  years  ;  brought  out 
the  work  (a  reprint  of  the  Genevan  veraion  of  1661),  1579 ; 
made  ting's  printer,  1679,  when  he  was  licensed  to  print, 
sell,  and  import  psalm-books,  prayers,  and  catechisms  for 
seven  years.  [ii.  60] 

ABBTJTENOT,  CHARLES  (1767-1850),  diplomatist; 
prteis  writer  in  foreign  office,  1793 ;  M.P.  for  East  Looe, 
1795 ;  under  foreign  secretary ;  ambassador  extraordhiary, 
Constantinople,  1804 :  privy  councillor :  held  various 
government  offices,  and  from  1809  was  MJ?.  sucoessivdy 
for  Bje  and  Orford  (SuffolkX  and  St.  Germans  and  St. 
Ives  (Cornwall).  [iL  61] 


ARBUTHNOT 


28 


ABOHEB 


ABBTTTHirOT,  Sm  OHARLBS  GEOBOB  (1834-1899), 
general ;  educated  at  Rugby  and  Royal  Military  Academy ; 
Ueatenant,  royal  artillery,  1846  ;  captain,  1866 ;  in  Orimea ; 
Hen  tenant-colonel,  18d4;  in  India,  1868-80,  was  deputy 
ad jatant-geueral,  1873-7,  and  inspector-general  of  artillery, 
1877-80,  except  while  serving  in  Afghan  campaigns ; 
colonel,  1874;  inspector-general  of  artillery  in  S^Iand, 
1883;  president  ordnance  committee,  1886;  succeeded 
Lord  Roberts  chief  of  army  in  Burma,  1887 ;  general,  1890 ; 
a.03.,  1894.  [SuppL  L  64] 

ABBTJTHKOT,  GEOROE  (1809-1886),  civilian ;  ap- 
pointed junior  derk  in  treastuy,  1880;  served  in  that 
department  till  death,  when  he  was  auditor  of  civil  list 
and  secretary  to  ecclesiastical  commissioners ;  acted  as 
private  sectetaxy  to  Sir  Oharles  Wood,  chancellor  of 
exohequo*.  Sir  Robert  Peel,  and  to  six  successive  seore- 
Uurles  and  two  assistant  secretaries  of  the  treasury;  re- 
^lunled  as  an  authority  on  currency  questions.     [IL  61] 

AKBTTTHKOT,  JOHN  (1667-1736),  physician  and  wit ; 
MJ).  St.  Andrews,  1696 :  settled  in  London  and  taught 
mathematics;  F.R.S.,  1704;  attended  Prince  George  of 
Denmark  for  a  sudden  iUness  at  Epsom;  physicifui  In 
oniiuary  to  Queen  Anne,  1709 ;  fACP.,  1710,  censor, 
1728,  Harvelan  orator,  1737 ;  formed  dose  friendship  with 
Swift,  and  was  acquainted  wlUi  Pope  and  most  literary 
men  of  the  day ;  published  *  History  of  John  Bull*  (1718) 
and  sevoral  vrit^  political  pamphlets ;  contributed  largely 
to  *  Memoirs  of  Martlnus  Scriblems,*  published  with 
Bope*8  *  Works,*  1741 ;  attended  Anne  In  her  last  illness ; 
Buffered  much  in  health  during  his  later  years ;  died  at 
Haropstead:  published,  besides  his  poetical  writing^, 
medical  and  sdentlflc  works.  [IL  68] 

AKBVTHNOT,  MARRIOT  (1711?-1794X  admiral; 
Uentenant,1739:  commander,  1746;  captain,  1747 ;  com- 
manded the  Portland  at  Qulberon  Bay,  1769 ;  oommanded 
guardship,  Portsmouth,  1771-3 ;  oonunissloner  of  navy, 
Halifax,  1776-8;  admiral,  1778;  oommander  of  North 
American  staUon,  1779-81  (with  the  exception  of  a  short 
period,  when  Sir  Geoi^  Rodney  took  the  command),  and 
took  part  in  the  action  off  mouth  of  Ohesapeake  and  Oape 
Henry ;  admiral  of  the  blue,  1793.  [IL  66] 

AKBVTHNOT,  S»  ROBERT  (1773-1853),  soldier ; 
comet  93rd  light  dragoons,  1797  ;  served  in  msh  rebei- 
Hon,  1798,  and  at  capture  of  Oape  of  Good  Hope,  1806 ; 
aidenie-camp  to  Bcnresford  in  South  America,  and,  as 
captain  in  80th  light  dragoons,  aide-de-camp  and  after- 
wards military  secretary  to  that  general  throughout 
greater  part 'of  peninsular  campaign;  K.T.S.:  K.O.B., 
1816;  major-general,  1830;  commanded  in  Oqrlon  uid 
Bengal,  183&-41 ;  Ueuteuant-geueral,  1841 ;  oodond,  76th 
foot,  1843.  [IL  66] 

AABTJTHNOT,  Sm  THOMAS  (1776-1849),  lieutenant- 
general  ;  brother  of  Sir  Robort  Arbuthnot  [q.  v.] ;  ensign, 
89th  foot,  1794 ;  joined  staff  corps  under  Moore,  1803 ; 
quartermaster-geniBral,  Oape  of  Good  Hope;  served  in 
Peninsula  and  West  Lidies;  K.03.,  1816;  lieutenant- 
general,  1838.  [ii.  67] 

ABOHAKOEL,  Father  (1671-1606).  [See  Forbs<, 
John.] 

ABOHBOLD,  JOHN  FREDERIOK  (1786-1870),  legal 
writer ;  entered  Linoohi's  Inn,  1809 :  barrister,  1814.  He 
published  a  number  of  1^^  treatises,  which  include : 
'Summary  of  Law  relative  to  Pleading  and  Evidence  in 
Orlmlnal  Gases,*  1824 ;  *  Practice  of  Oonrt  of  Common 
Pleas,'  1829  ;  and  several  works  on  parish  laws. 

[SuppL  L  64] 

ABCHDALB,  JOHN  (Jt.  1664-1707X  governor  of 
North  Carolina ;  accompanied  to  New  Eugland  his  bro- 
ther-in-law, Ferdinando  Gorges,  who  became  governor  of 
Maine,  1664 :  returned  to  Englaud,  1674 ;  joined  quakers ; 
visited  North  Carolina,  1686,  and  subsequently  became 
one  of  the  proprietors  of  the  colony;  commissioner  for 
Gorges  in  government  of  Maine,  1687-88 ;  governor  of 
North  Carolina,  1696-7 ;  M.P.  for  Chipping  Wvcombe, 
Buckinghamshire,  1698 ;  refused  oath  and  was  deprived 
of  seat,  1699 ;  published  *  Description  of  Carolina,* 
1707.  [SuppL  i.  66] 

ABCHDALL,  MBRVYN  (1783-1791X  antiquary ;  edu- 
cated at  Dublin  iJnlverslty ;  domestic  chaplain  to  Pocock, 
bishop  of  Oseory,  who  presented  him  to  living  of  Attanagb 
and  prebend  of  Cloneamery,  1768 ;  prd>endary  of  Mayne, 


1764 :  member  of  Royal  Irish  Academy  ;  published  his- 
tcNical  and  topographical  works.  [IL  67] 


ABOHDEKIH  or  AKHDKKTW,  RIOHARD  (1618- 
1693X  Irish  jeault ;  studied  classics,  philosophy,  and  (at 
Louvain)  Uieology ;  entered  Society  of  Jeens  at  Mechlin, 
1648;  taught  humanities,  1660,  and  later  studied  at 
Antwerp  and  Lille ;  professor  of  philoeophy  and  theology 
at  Louvatn  and  Antwerp,  whore  he  died;  published 
thedogical  works  In  English,  Irish,  and  Latin.    [IL  68] 

ABOHSB,  EDWARD  (1718-1789),  physician  ;  studied 
medicine  at  Edinburgh  and  Leydeo,  where  he  gradu- 
ated M.D.  1746 ;  physiaian  to  the  newly  founded  small- 
pox hospital,  1747,  to  which  institution  he  devoted  moat 
of  his  energies.  [IL  69] 

ABOEBB,  FREDERICK   (1867-1886),   jockey;   ap- 

Srenticed  to  Matthew  Dawson  [q.  v.],  the  trainer  at 
fewmarket,  1867;  won  Two  Thousand  Guineas  upon 
Lord  Falmouth's  Atlantic,  1874 ;  won  the  Two  Thousand 
Guineas,  Oaks,  Derby,  St.  Leger,  and  Grand  Prix,  1886. 
He  died  by  his  own  IuucmI  when  HI.  [SuppL  L  67] 

ABGBXB,  FREDERICK  SCOTT  (1813-1867X  inventor 
of  ooUodion  process ;  son  of  a  butcher ;  started  buslneRs 
as  sculptor;  first  successfully  used  collodion  process  In 

ghotography,  1860 ;  practised  as  photographer  In  Blooms- 
ury.  [IL  69] 

ABGBXB,  JAMES  (1661  7-1684  7\  Irish  Jesuit ;  first 
rector  of  Irish  College,  Halamanoa.  [IL  70] 

ABGBXB,  JAMES  (/f.  1888),  catholic  preacher ;  began 
preaching  at  a  public-house  In  Llncdn's  Inn  Fields; 
chaplain  to  the  Bavarian  minister  in  London,  1791 ; 
created  DJ).  by  Pope  Pius  YII,  1881;  published  ser- 
mons. [IL  70] 

ABOEBB,  JOHN  (1698-ie83X  judge ;  B.A.  Queens' 
College,  Cambridge,  1619;  M.A.,  1688;  called  to  bar  at 
Gray's  Inn,  1680;  M.P.,  1666 ;  Serjeant,  1668;  justice  of 
common  bench  and  knighted,  1663.  The  King,  Charles  II, 
attempted  to  remove  him  from  office  (1678),  but  he  refused 
to  surrender  the  patent  without  due  legal  procedure,  and 
though  rdieved  by  royal  prohibition  from  his  duties,  he 
continued  to  recdve  his  salary  till  death.  [IL  70] 


I,  JOHN  (Jt.  1660-1684),  physician ;  prac- 
tised in  Dublin,  1660;  court  physician  to  Charles  II, 
1671;  published  a  self-advertising  work  called  *  Every 
Man  his  own  Doctor,*  1671.  [IL  71] 

ABCJESB,  JOHN  WTKBHAM  (1808-1864),  artist 
and  antiquary ;  apprenticed  to  an  animal  engraver  In 
Clerkenwell;  retunied  to  London,  1831,  after  publishing 
several  engravings  in  his  native  town,  and  was  employed 
by  various  publishers  In  steel  and  wood  engraving  and 
waterookMir  painting.  His  works  include  a  series  of 
drawings  of  old  Lona(m.  [IL  78] 


Sir  STMON  (1681-1668X  antiquary; 
knighted,  1684;  sheriff  of  Warwickshire,  1688;  M.P., 
1640 ;  amassed  much  of  the  material  used  In  Dugdale's 
*  History  of  Warwickshire  *  and  other  valuable  antiquarian 
information.  [iL  73] 

ABGEXB,  THOMAS  (1664-1630?),  divine;  M.A. 
(1688)  and  fellow  Trinity  College,  Cambridge ;  held  livings 
In  Bedfordshire ;  chaplain  to  Whltglft,  1699,  and  to  the 
king,  1606  ;  left  manuscript  obituaries  of  eminent  con- 
temporaries. [IL  73] 

ABGEXB,  THOMAS  (<i.  1743),  architect;  pupU  of 
Sir  John  Vanbrugh ;  *  groom  porter '  to  Anne,  George  I, 
and  George  II;  built  CUefden  House  and  St.  John's 
Cfhurch,  Westmhister  (1788).  [IL  73] 

ABOHBB,  THOMAS  (<i.  1848^  actor  and  dramatist: 
took  Shakespearean  rdles  at  Dniry  Lane,  1883 ;  visited 
United  States  and  Paris,  and  led  a  Shakespearean  com- 
pany in  Belgium  and  Germany ;  wrote  many  successful 
dramas.  [IL  73] 

ABOHBB,  WILLIAM  (183a-1897X  naturalist  and 
librarian ;  secretary  of  Dublin  Microscopical  Club ;  con- 
tributed to  'Proceedings'  oi  Royal  Society,  and  other 
learned  bodies ;  F.R-S^  1876 ;  secretary  for  foreign  corre- 
spondence to  tiie  Royal  Irish  Academy,  1876-80 ;  Ubrarian 
(1876)  to  Royal  Dublin  Society,  and  (1877-96)  to  National 
Library  of  Ireland,  of  which  he  compiled  a  catalogue. 

[SuppL  L  67] 


ABOHTBATiT) 


89 


ABMINE 


AXCOnBALD,  Sm  ADAMS  OBORQB  (1814-1893X 
rtafwinan;  boax  at  Troro,  Nota  Sootia; 
frtnralitd  at  PieCan  OoOflge ;  attorn^  of  Prince  Bdwacd 
Idand  and  Vor%  Sootia,  18S8:  called  to  bar  of  NoTa 
Scotia,  ISM;  member  for  Ocddieeter  in  Nora  Sootia 
Hooae  of  Aaembly,  IBftl ;  Q.Om  1866 ;  attorney-general, 
1860:  adfooate-general  in  Tioe-admiralty  court  at  Hali- 
tez,  IttS-S :  took  part  in  oonsaltatioQS  in  LoDd(m  which 
led  to  Cknadian  federatioo,  1866 ;  aeotetary  of  state  ander 
«fc»nintmi  goremment,  1867-8;  member  for  Col- 
in dominioo  parliament,  1869-70 ;  Unit  Ueatenant- 
of  Manitoba,  1870-3 ;  jodge  in  equity  in  NoTa 
Sootia,  187S,  and  Ikntenant-govemor,  187S-88 ;  M.P.  for 
Colchastar  in  Canadian  Hooae  of  Oommons,  1888-91; 


KJOJUa^  1886. 


[SappL  L  68] 


AHCrHTBATJL  Sir  THOMAS  DIOKSON  (1817-1876), 
jodlge ;  bom  at  Traro,  Nora  Scotia ;  educated  at  Picton 
OoOege ;  qnaUfled  aa  attorney  and  barriater-at-Iaw  in  Nova 
Sootia,  1837 ;  called  to  bar  at  Middle  Temple,  1863 ;  jonior 
rnnn^l  to  treaaory,  1868 ;  i4>pdnted  joatice  of  qaem'a 
bench  and  inTested  with  ooU,  1878;  knighted,  1873; 
tnuisfcrzed  to  oommoa  pkaa,  1876.  [SappL  L  69] 

AXDBBXOADr  (rf.  666).    [SeeULTAN.] 


BDWARD  (1643?-168SX  high  sheriff  of 
Warwickahire,  1676 ;  aocoaed  of  complicity,  Uiough  pro- 
bably innocent,  in  an  attempt  by  hia  aon-in-Iaw  to 
iif— linate  the  qoeen,  and  hanged  at  Tybom,  1683.  Haa 
been  erroneocialy  connected  with  Maiy  Aiden,  Shake- 
^i  mother.  [IL  74] 


AKDXV,  RIOHABD  PBPPKR,  Babon  Alvaxlrt 
( 1746-1804 V  jodge :  educated  at  Mancheater  grammar 
v^botA  and  Trini^  OoHeee,  Gambrldge ;  diatingnished  in 
rleanini ;  twdf th  wrangler ;  M  JL,  fellow,  and  oalled  to 
bar,  1789 :  jodge  on  Sooth  Wales  circoit,  1776 ;  took  aOk, 
1780;  MJ*.  for  Newton,  and  adidtor-general,  1783-3; 
attoraey-general  and  chtef-joatice  of  Oheater,  1784; 
matei  of  it^,  1788 ;  sat  saooesaiTely  for  Aldboroogh, 
ffawtinga,  and  Bath ;  lord  chief- Joatloe  of  common  plna, 
180L  [IL  74] 

ASDEBVS,  JAMBB  (16S6-1691X  dean  of  Chester; 
gradoated  BJL,  1656,  md  M.A.  Chriat^s  GoUege,  Cam- 
bridge; MJL  Ozfbrd,  1668;  onrate  of  St.  Botolph, 
AJdengate,  1666-83;  fellow  commoner  of  Braaenoae; 
D JX,  1673  ;  diaplain  to  Charles  U ;  rector  of  Davenham, 
1681 ;  dean  ol  Obester,  1683 ;  pabliahed  religioaa  works. 

[It.  76] 

ABJDSEMS,  JOHN  (yf.  1370X  first  great  English  aur- 
geoD ;  lired  at  Newark,  1349-70 ;  practised  surgery  4n 
London  after  1370;  cored  many  dutingoiahed  persouw, 
and  probably  enjoyed  patronage  of  Blaick  Prince.  Left 
manoacripta  whteh  show,  foo  the  period,  a  remarkable 
knowledge  of  surgery.  [IL  76] 


i,     WILLIAM     (1703-1767),     naturalist ; 

officer  of  ezdae  and,  later,  managing  clerk  at  the  New 
Mills,  Norwidi ;  P.R3..  1746 ;  wrote  Urgely  on  ;iataral 
history  and  micioeoopioal  adence.  [ii.  77] 

ABPWTTJiAM,  Lord  (1806-1876X  [See  Cuawfurd, 
Jama.] 

iJtOALL,  JOHN  (/.  1604),  divine:  M.A.  Christ 
Ohorch,  Ozfocd,  1666 ;  held  living  of  Halesworth,  Sof- 
foQL  [iL  78] 

AEftAT.L,  RICHARD  (/.  1691),  poet;  educated  at 
Oxford  :  perhaps  anthor  of  a  volume  of  religious  poems 
(1631)  cnntainJM  *  The  Bride's  Ornament,*  republished  hi 
1664  in  name  of  Richard  Aylett.  [iL  78] 


AmflAT.L,  SIR  SAMUEL  (d.  1626),  adventurer ;  went 
as  trader  In  1609  to  Yirginia,  whither  he  subsequently 
made  freqoent  voyages ;  visited  the  Potomac  and  Gbeaa- 
peake  Bay,  1613-13;  reduced  Prench  settlementa  in 
Maine,  St.  Croix,  and  Nova  Scotia,  1613 ;  deputy-governor 
of  TiiKinia  and  admiral  of  the  adjacent  seas,  1617 ;  served 
in  expedition  against  Algiers,  under  Sir  R.  Mansell,  1630 ; 
knighted,  1633;  admiral  of  squadron  of  English  and 
I>>tch  ships  operating  on  French  and  Spanish  coasts, 
16S»-4;dladatsea.  [IL  78] 


,  GILES  DK  id.  1384X  justiciar  in  Nor- 
,  1947 ;  itinerant  justice,  1363 ;  cousUble  of  Wind- 
1361 ;  OB  ooondl  of  nine  after  battle  of  Lewes. 

[iL80] 


AROBHTDTS,  JOHN  (d.  1608X  provost  of  King's, 
Cambridge ;  M.D.  King's  CoUege,  Cambridge ;  pro- 
vost, 1601 ;  D  J).,  1604 ;  physician  and  dean  of  chapel 
to  Prince  of  Wales;  master  oi  hospital  of  St.  Jonn 
Baptist,  Dorchester,  1499.  [iL  80] 

AROEVTINS,  alku  Skxtid?,  RICHARD  (</.  1668), 
physician  and  divine ;  M.D.  Cambridge,  1641 ;  physician, 
schoolmaster,  and  lecturer  in  divinity  at  Ipswich ;  held 
livings  socoessively  at  Ipewich  and  Exeter,  repeatedly 
changin0  his  religious  views  in  accordance  with  pra* 
vailing  opinions.  [11.  80] 

AROTLE  or  ABOTLL,  Dukrb  of.  [See  Campbbll, 
Archibald,  first  Dukb,  d.  1703;  Campbbll,  John, 
second  DuKB,  1678-1743;  Campbkll,  Archibald,  third 
DUKK,  1683-1761.1 

ABOYLE  or  ARGYLL,  Marquis  of  (1698-1661). 
[See  Campbell,  Archibald.] 

AROYLB  or  ARGYLL,  Earlb  of.  [See  Caicpbell, 
Colin,  first  Earl,  d.  1493:  Campbkll,  Archibald, 
second  Earl,  d.  1613 ;  Campbell,  Coun,  thiid  Earl,  d. 
1630;  Campbell,  Archibald,  fourth  Earl,  d.  1688; 
Campbell,  Archibald,  fifth  Earl,  1630-1673;  Camp- 
bell,  Colin,  sixth  Eari^  d,  1684 ;  Campbell,  Archi- 
bald, sevenUi  Earl,  1676  7-1638 ;  Campbell,  Archibald, 
dghth  Earl,  1698-1661 ;  Campbell,  Archibald,  ninth 
Earl,  d.  1686;  Campbell,  Archibald,  tenth  Earl, 
d.  1708.] 

ARGYLB  or  ARGYLL,  Countibs  of  (1681 7-17067). 
[See  Campbell,  Anna  Mackenzie.] 

ARGYLL,  eighth  Duke  uf.  [See  Campbell,  Gboroe 
Douglas,  1838-1900.] 


«.«^»^.i^.  THOMAS  (/.  1683X  stenographer: 
MJL  Wmmannei  College,  Cambridge,  1638 ;  invented  a 
shorthand  alphabet.  [iL  81] 

ARKWRIGHT,  Sm  RICHARD  (1733-1793X  engi- 
neer ;  apprentioed  to  a  barber ;  established  himself  at 
Bolton,  before  1766,  as  a  barber,  and  gradually  formed  a 
large  busiuesa ;  gave  op  business  at  Bolton  and  turned 
Ids  attention  to  mechanical  inventions,  e.  1767  ;  invented 
and  erected  near  Hockley  a  spinuiug-mill,  1769 ;  went 
into  partnership  with  two  manufacturers  of  ribbed  stock- 
ings and  erectol  machinery  at  Gromford,  Derbyshire, 
1771 ;  appUed  the  mill  to  manufacture  of  calicoes,  1773  ; 
patented  a  series  of  adaptations  and  inventions  for  per- 
forming in  one  machine  the  whole  process  of  yam  manu- 
facture, 1776 ;  one  of  his  mills  (at  Chorley)  sacked  by  riot- 
ers, 1779;  his  repeated  complaints  agidust  infringements 
of  his  patent  during  the  following  years  were  met  by 
a  combination  of  manufacturers,  who  obtained  a  verdict 
against  Arkwright  on  the  questions :  (1)  Is  the  invention 
new  ?  (8)  Is  it  invented  by  the  defendant  ?  (3)  Was 
it  sufliciently  described  in  the  specification?  His 
letters  patent  cancelled,  1786;  viitftod  Scotland  and 
assisted  in  erection  of  New  Lanark  mills,  e.  1784 ;  buUt 
several  miUs  in  Derbyshire  and  Lancashire;  introduced 
Boulton  <&  Watt's  steam-engine  into  his  mill  at  Notting- 
ham, 1790 ;  knighted,  1786 ;  high  sheriff  of  Derbyshire, 
1787.  [li.  81] 

ARKWRIGHT,  RICHARD  (1766-1843),  miU-OA^-ner, 
son  of  Sir  Richard  Arkwright  [q.  v.];  inherited  his 
father's  business  and  amassed  a  large  fortune.     [IL  86] 

ARLnrOTON,  first Eakl OF (1618-1686).  [SecBENNkT, 
Henry.] 


.,  ROBERT  (yf.  1610),  octor  and  dramatist; 
apprentioed  to  a  gol<i<mitb  hi  Lombard  Street ;  perhaps 
one  of  the  lord  chamberlain's  players,  1698 ;  seems  to 
have  succeeded  Kemp  In  the  r61e  of  Dogberry ;  in  com- 
pany of  actors  licensed  by  James  1, 1603 ;  probably  mem- 
ber of  Lord  Chandoe's  company.  [ii.  86] 

ASMIKE  or  ARHYNE,  MARY,  Lady  (</.  1676X 
philanthropist,  nde  Talbot;  second  wife  of  Sir  William 
Anniue  [q.  v.] ;  took  practical  interest  in  mis{>ionaries 
among  North  American  Indians  ;  founded  three  hospitals 
in  EngUuML  [iL  87] 


E,  RICHARD  DE  id.  1840  VX    [See  Ayrk- 
MiNNB,  Richard  de.] 

ARKnrB,  WILLIAM  DE   id,   1336).     [See   Atbx- 
MurxB,  William  de.] 


ABMOOQ 


80 


ARMSTRONG 


ABHINS  or  AEMTNE,  8ib  WILLIAM  (159S-1651X 
ptfUamentarian ;  baronet,  1619 ;  M.P.  for  Boston,  1631 
and  16Si,  for  Grantham,  16S5,  and  for  LincoluBhire,  1686, 
16S8,  and  1641 ;  asaistaut  to  managers  of  Backingham's 
impeachment,  1626;  imprisoned  for  refosing  to  collect 
arbitrary  loan  in  Lincolnshire,  I6S7~8 ;  sheriff  of  Lincohi- 
shirB,  1630,  of  Hontingdonahire,  1689 ;  accompanied  Charles 
to  Scotland,  1641 ;  discussed  terms  with  king  at  Oxford 
in  behalf  of  parliament,  1643 ;  member  of  oomicil  of 
state,  1649, 1660,  and  1651.  [IL  87] 

ARMITAOE,  EDWABD  (1817-1896),  historical 
painter ;  studied  under  Paul  Delaroche  in  Paris ;  gained 
premiums  in  cartoon  competitions  for  decoration  of  new 
houses  of  parliament,  1843, 1846,  and  1847 ;  commissioned 
to  execute  two  frescoes  for  House  of  Lords ;  exhibited  at 
Boyal  Academy  from  1848,  generally  biblical  subjects; 
ILL,  1872 :  member  of  committee  of  artists  employed 
in  decoration  of  Westminster  Hall  who  made  report  on 
freaco>painting,  1871 ;  professor  and  lecturer  on  painUng 
to  Boyal  Academy,  1876 ;  published  lectures,  1888. 

[SuppL  L  60] 

ARMITAOE,  TIMOTHY  id.  1655),  pastor  of  first 
nonconformist  church  in  Norwich,  1647 ;  superintendent 
of  numerous  congregations  of  Norfolk  and  Suffolk. 

CiL88] 

ASM8TB0NO,  Sm  ALBXANDEB  (1818-1899),  naval 
medical  officer;  studied  medicine  at  Trinity  Oollege, 
Dublin,  and  at  Edinburgh ;  graduated,  1841 ;  assistant- 
surgeon  in  navy,  1842 ;  in  medical  charge  of  party  for 
exploration  of  Xanthus,  1848 ;  appointed  to  royal  yacht, 
1846 ;  surgeon,  1849 ;  surgeon  and  naturalist  in  Arctic 
expedition  under  (Sir)  Robert  John  Le  Mesurier  Maclure 
[q.  v.],  1849-64  ;  medical  superintendent  of  Malta  hospital, 
1869-64 ;  director-general  of  medical  department  of  navy, 
1869-71 ;  K.C3.,  1871 ;  P.BA,  1873.  [SuppL  L  61] 

ASM8TB0NO,  ARCHIBALD  (d.  1672),  known  as 
*  Archie' ;  jester  to  James  I  and  Charles  1;  gained  wide 
reputation  as  sheep-stealer  at  Eskdale ;  was  attached  to 
household  of  James  YI  of  Scotland,  and  accompanied  him 
to  England,  where  he  gained  great  social  distinction,  and 
amassed  a  large  fortune ;  accompanied  Charles  and  Buck- 
ingham to  SiMin,  1623 :  expelled  from  court  for  insulting 
Archbishop  Land,  1637 ;  remained  in  London  and  spent 
his  time  in  distraining  mercilessly  on  his  debtors ;  retired 
to  Arthuret,  Cumberland ;  credited  with  the  authorship 
of '  A  Banquet  of  Jests,*  1630.  [IL  89] 

ASK8TB0NO,  COSMO  (>f.  1800-1886),  governor  of 
Society  of  Engraven;  exhibited  with  Associated  En- 
gravers, 1821 :  pupil  of  Thomas  Milton ;  engraved  plates 
for  Cooke's  *  British  Poets '  and  other  works.        [IL  91] 

ARHSTBONO,  EDMUND  JOHN  (1841-1866X  poet; 
entered  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  1869;  suffered  seriously 
from  over-work,  1860,  and  subsequently  spent  much 
time  in  Jersey  and  Brittany ;  president  of  Undergraduate 
Philosophical  Society,  Trinity  College,  1864 ;  published 
poems,  1865,  and  prose  works,  1877.  [IL  91] 

ASM8TB0NO,  GEORGE  (/.  1767),  physician ;  brother 
of  John  Armstrong  (1709-1779)  [q.  v.] ;  established  dispen- 
sary in  London  for  relief  of  poor  chiklren,  1769;  pub- 
lished a  work  on  diseases  of  children.  [IL  92] 

ABXSTBONO,  JAMES  (1780-1839).  Irish  unitarian 
minister;  trained  at  Bademou  academy;  classical  assis- 
tant in  Belfast  academy;  graduated  at  Trinity  Col- 
lege, Dublin ;  ordained  minister  of  Strand  Street  chapel, 
DubUn,  1806 :  one  of  founders  of  Irish  Unitarian  Society, 
1830 ;  D.D.  Geneva,  1884.  [IL  92] 

AEMSTKONO,  JOHN  or  JOHNIE  (d.  1628X  border 
freebooter;  lived  near  Langholm,  whence  he  made  excur- 
sions at  head  of  twenty-four  horsemen ;  hanged  with  his 
followers  at  Carlanrigg  ChapeL  [li.  93] 

ABM8TB0KO,  JOHN  (1678-1742),  ma jor-general  and 
quartermaster-general  in  Ireland;  surveyor-general  of 
ordnance  and  chief  engineer ;  F.R.S.,  1723.  [ii.  94] 

A£X8TK0irO,  JOHN  (1709-1779X  poeL  physlciau, 
and  essayist;  MJ).  Edinburgh,  1782;  physician  to 
hospital  for  wounded  soldiers,  London,  1746 ;  physician  to 
the  army  in  Germany,  1760,  and  on  return  at  troops  re- 
ceived half -pay  for  remainder  of  his  Ufe;  intimately 
acquainted  for  many  years  \vith  Wilkes,  with  whom  he 


quarrelled  over  the  publication  of  some  verses.  His  works 
hiclude  essays  on  various  subjects,  and  a  didactic  poem 
called  *  The  Art  of  Preserving  Health,'  1744.        [IL  94] 

ABMBTEONO,  JOHN  (1771-1797),  journalist ;  MA. 
Edlnbui^h ;  private  tutor ;  wrote  for  London  press,  1790 ; 
published  poetical  and  prose  works.  [IL  96] 

ABKBTBONO,  JOHN,  the  elder  (1784-1829X  physi- 
cian ;  M.D.  Edinburgh,  1807 ;  physician  to  Sunderland 
Infirmary;  removed  to  London,  1818;  physician  to 
London  Fever  Institution,  1819-24 ;  L.C.P.,  1820 ;  lec- 
tured on  anatomy  and  medicine;  published  naedical 
works.  [IL  97] 

ABMSTBOKO,  JOHN,  the  younger  (1818-1866),  bishop 
of  Grahamstown ;  son  of  John  Armstrong  ^1784-1829) 
[q.  v.] ;  educated  at  CHiarterhouse ;  scholar  of  lincohi  Col- 
lege,  Oxford ;  B.A.,  1836 ;  ordained,  1837  ;  after  hdlding 
three  curacies,  became  priest-vicar  of  Exeter  Cathedral, 
1841 ;  lector  of  St.  Paul's,  Exeter,  1848 ;  vicar  of  Tirienhatn, 
Gloucestershire,  1846;  strongly  advocated  in  magazine 
articles  a  scheme  of  female  penitentiaries  which  ultimately 
took  definite  shape ;  accepted  new  bishopric  of  Grahams- 
town,  Cape  of  QiKA  Hope,  1863 ;  published  many  sermons 
and  tracts.  [iL  97] 

ABMBTBOKO,  ROBERT  ARCHIBALD  (1788-1867), 
Gaelic  lexicographer;  educated  at  Edinburgh  and  St. 
Andrews  University;  kept  successively  several  schools 
in  London;  published  a  Gaelic  dictionary,  1826;  esta- 
blished and  kept  a  grammar  school  at  South  Lambeth ; 
received  civil  list  pension  of  602.,  1862.  [IL  99] 

ABKBTBONO,  Sm  THOMAS  (1624  7-1684),  rqyalist ; 
bom  at  Nimegnen ;  served  under  (Charles  I,  and  during  the 
OommonwealUi  was  tiiree  times  imiyrisoned  for  fidelity  to 
the  royal  cause ;  knighted,  1660 ;  lieutenant  of  first  troop 
of  ffuards,  and  subsequently  captain  of  the  horee ; 
fell  mto  disfavour  at  court  and  joined  English  regiment 
in  Flanders,  1679 ;  implicated  in  Rye  House  plot,  1682 : 
escaped  to  Leyden,  but  was  arrested  and  executed  in 
London,  Judge  Jeffr^s  giving  him  unfair  triaL  [iL  100] 

ABHBTBOirO,  WILLIAM  (A  1696X  border  moss- 
trooper, known  as  Kinmont  Willik,  from  his  castle  of 
Morton  Tower  or  Kinmont  in  Canonbie,  Dmnfrlesshire ; 
captured,  but  escaped,  1687  ;  imprisoned  at  Carlisle,  1696, 
where  the  Scotch  warden  demimded  his  release,  and  on 
being  refused  succeeded  in  carrying  him  off.  His  fate  Is 
unknown.  [IL  101] 

ABHBTBONO,  WILLIAM  (1602  ?-1668?X  known  as 
Chbistis's  Will,  border  freebooter;  imprisoned  in  Jed- 
burgh tolbooth,  and  released  through  interpoeitian  of 
Earl  of  Traquair,  whose  devoted  servant  he  afterwards 
became.  [iL  102] 

ABXBTBOKO,  WILLIAM  (1778-1867),  mayor  of 
NewcasUe-on-Tyne,  1860;  com-merohant;  prominent  in 
municipal  affairs  ;  much  Interested  in  mathematicB ;  active 
member  of  local  literary  societies.  [SuppL  L  62] 

,  ABHBTBONO,  Sm  WILLIAM  GEORGE,  Baron 
Akubtrong  of  Crausidb  (181O-1900X  inventor ;  s<hi  of 
William  Armstrong  (1778-1857)  [q.  v.],  of  Newcastle-on- 
Tjne ;  educated  at  grammar  school.  Bishop  Auckland ; 
subsequently  studied  law  in  Londooi ;  partner  in  legal 
firm  of  Donkin,  Stable  &  Armstrong,  Newcastle,  1838; 
constructed  ^water-pressure  whed,*  1889,  and  hydro- 
electric machine,  c  1844 ;  secretary,  1846«  and  chairman, 
1866-67,  to  Whittle  Dean  (afterwards  Newcastle  and 
Gateshead)  Water  Company ;  patented  hydrauUc  crane, 
1846;  F.R.S.,  1846;  first  manager  of  Elswick-on-Tyne 
engineering  works,  1847 ;  invented  hydrauUc  preBSuro 
accumulator,  1850 :  designed  submarine  mines  for  ose  in 
Crimean  war,  1854;  invented  rifled-bore  breeohloadhag 
gun,  with  cylinder  constructed  on  scientific  principles, 
which  was  favourably  reported  upon  by  (General  Ped's  com- 
mittee on  rifled  cannon,  1868;  patented  inventions  and 
presented  patents  to  nation ;  Elswiok  Ordnance  Company 
;  established  for  purpose  of  making  Armstrong  guns  for 
I  British  government,  under  his   supervision,    1K{9;  ap- 

Klnted  engineer  of  rlfied  ordnance  at  Woolwich,  wad 
ighted  and  made  C.B.,  1859 ;  resigned  appointment  at 
I  Woolwich,  1863,  when  government  xetomed  largdy  to 
muzzle-loaders ;     finished  a   6-lnch   breeohloading  gon 
'  with  wire-wound  cylinder,  1880,  government  onoe  more 
I  adopting   breechloading  guns;  established,  in  oonjnno> 
tiou  with  firm  of  Messrs.  Mitchell  &  Swan,  new  ship- 


ABNAliD 


81 


ARNOLD 


ymrd  at  Eliwick  for  oonstractioD  of  wanhipe,  188S ;  In- 
oorpormtel  viUa  his  own  bosineM  the  works  of  Sir  Joseph 
Wbitworth  [q.*  ^O  *^  Opensbaw,  near  Manchester,  for 
manaflaetmt  oC  whitworth  gtms,  1897 ;  oondocted  iin> 
portant  cieLfafcjal  experiments  athti  residence  at  Oragslde, 
near  Bottibaiy ;  TWord  medallist  of  the  InsUtation  of 
CiTil  BiHjiuBBis  ;  honorary  LUD.  Oambridge,  186S ; 
DXU«.  Oidhud,  1870 :  received  Albert  medal  from  Society 
of  Arts,  1878 ;  D.O.L.  Durham,  188S ;  president  of  InsU- 
taat  of  CiTil  EngiDeere,  1883  ;  raised  to  peerage,  1887 ; 
BHster  of  engineering,  Dublin,  189S ;  Bessemer  medallist, 
18f  L  He  was  a  liberal  benefactor  of  Newcastle.  Pub- 
Uehed  writSngs  on  engineering  subjects,  as  well  as '  Electric 
Xoveaaent  in  Air  and  Water,'  1897-99.       [Sappl*  i-  6^ 

ASHALD.  BIOHARD  (1700-1756X  diriue;  B.A. 
Oorpoii  Christi  OoUege;  fdlow  and  M.A.  Emmanuel 
OoOege,  Oambzidge :  presented  to  living  of  Thnroaaton, 
Lekaestershire,  1733;  prri)endary  of  Lincoln;  published 
and  oommentary  on  Apocrypha.  [IL  lOS] 


WILLIAM  (in»  ?-1741  ?),  poUUcal  la-ritcr ; 
in  pay  of  Walpole:  wrote  *Pree  Briton^  and  snooeeded 
Goiicaiieninthe*BritS8hJoamaL'  [iL  103] 

AUTK.  GBOILIA  (1711-1789),  singer;  pupU  of 
Geminiani ;  flrst  appearea  at  Dmry  Lane,  1730 ;  married 
TbocDas  Augustine  Ame  [q.  v.],  1736 ;  in  Dublin,  174S ; 
at  YaaxhaU  Gardens,  174ft.  [iL  103] 


MIOHABL  (1741 7-1786X  musician  :  sou  of  Dr. 
Angaatioe  Ame  [q.  ▼.] ;  appeared  in  Otway's 
*  Orphan  *  wlwn  very  young ;  toc^  to  the  barpsicboitl ; 
member  of  Madrigal  Society;  died  in  great  destitution ; 
prodooed  many  songs  and  musical  scores.  [it  104] 


THOMAS  AUaUSTIMB  (1710-1778),  musi- 
cal oomposar :  educated  at  Eton  ;  privately  studied 
moilc;  gave  op  his  legal  stodiea  and  wrote  music  for 
Addison's  *Roaamood,*  1733,  Fielding's  *Tom  Thumb,* 
altered  into  *  The  Open  of  Operas,'  1733,  Milton's  '  Oomns,* 
17381,  OoDgreve's  *  Judgment  of  Fisris,'  and  Thomson  and 
MaUet's  *  Alfred '  (which  included  *  Rule  Britannia,'  1740X 
*As  yoa  like  it*  and  'Twelfth  Night';  appointed  com- 
poaer  to  Dmry  Lane  Theatre,  1744,  and  later,  leader  of  the 
band;  wrote  songs  for  'The  Tempest,*  1746;  produced 
two  oratorios : '  Abel,'  17M,  and  *  Judith,*  1764 ;  Mus.  Doc. 
Ozfocd,  1739 ;  tzansfened  his  serricea  to  Ooveut  Garden, 
1760 :  set  to  music  the  ode  by  (Hrrick  performed  at  the 
jubilee  at  Stratford-on-Avon,  1769 ;  produced 
Ugfat  operas  and  incidental  music.      [iL  104] 


ABIflSTOV,  BAR058.  [See  Du.sdas,  Sir  Jasu»,  d. 
1679;  Duxdas,  Bobebt,  d.  1786;  DuNDAS,  Robert, 
l«8ft-17»3  ;  DuxDAfl,  BOBKRT,  1718-1787.] 

ASHOLD,  BENEDICTT  (1741-1801),  general :  bora  at 
Norwich,  Oonnecticot;  bookseller  and  dru^^gist;  took 
American  side  in  war  between  England  and  tho  American 
frtnnicH ;  after  battle  of  Lexington  served  as  volunteer, 
obtained  a  command  and  was  severdy  wounded  at  Quebec, 
1773:  sobeeqnently  commanded  at  Montreal  and  was 
eansp&caooB  at  Saratoga,  1777  ;  governor  of  Pliiladelphia  ; 
aecoeed  of  pecolation ;  partially  acquitted  and  repri- 
manded by  Washington,  1780;  obtained  command  of 
West  Point,  which  be  arranged  to  surrender  to  British 
«w"w**f<*»'  (}linton :  joined  British  and  was  made 
brijeadier-geMTal ;  came  to  England,  178S;  after wanls 
distlnguisbed  himself  at  Guadaloupe.  [iL  107] 

ABHOLD,      OORNELIUS     (1711-1757?),     poeUcal 
writer :  educated  at  Merchant  Taylors'  School ;  published 
a  works,  1737.  [iL  109] 


ASVOLD.  JOHN  (1786  7-1799),  mechanician  :  appren- 
ticed to  watchmaking  trade  in  Bodmin :  went  to  Holland, 
aad  sobaeqocntly  set  up  in  business  in  London  ;  intro- 
daead  at  court;  made  several  improvements  in  the 
lolactoR  of  chronometers.  [IL  109] 


AMMOLD,  JOSEPH  (1788-1818),  naturalist;  MJ>. 
Ediabaxgh,  1807;  snrgecm  in  navy,  1808;  made. several 
niyBgcs,aDd  ocHlected  sdentiflc  specimens ;  died  at  Padang, 
Somatn :  F.U&,  1813.  [IL  1 10] 

ABHOLD,  MATTHEW  (18SS-1888),  poet  and  criUc  ; 
*0B  of  Dr.  Thomas  Anu^  f  q.  r.]  ;  educated  at  Rugby, 
Wiaefaester,  and  Balliol  College,  Oxford;  Newdigate 
prtaoaan,  1843  :  graduated,  1844  ;  fellow  of  Oriel  College, 
Wtt ;  master  at  Rogby :  private  secretary  to  Marquis  of 
1847 :  inspector  of  sobooL},  1851 :  published 


'  The  Strayed  Reveller  and  other  Poems,'  1849,  *  Bmpedodes 
on  Etna,*  185S,  'Poems*  (containing  'Sohrab  and 
Rustum,'  'Scholar-Gipsy.'  and  '  Requiescat*X  1858,  and 
'  Poems,  second  series,'  1855  ;  professor  of  poetry  at  Ox- 
ford, 1857-67 ;  published  '  On  TransUting  Homer,*  1861 
(second  volimie,  1863),  'On  Study  of  Celtic  Literature,' 
1867,  'Essays  in  Criticism,'  1865  (second  series,  1888), 
'Culture  and  Anarchy,'  1869,  'Friendship's  Garland,* 
1871, '  Literature  and  Dogma,*  1873  ;  lectnred  in  America, 
1883-4  and  1886,  and  issued  'Discourses  in  America,' 
1885;  published  also  works  on  educational  subjects. 
He  adopted  from  Swift  the  phrase  '  sweetness  and  light' 
to  explain  his  literary  and  social  creed.  His  most  per- 
manent work  is  in  his  poetry  (3  vols.  1885).  His  letters 
appeared  in  1895.  His  portrait  by  Mr.  G.  P.  Watts,  R.A., 
is  in  the  National  Portrait  Gallery.  [SuppL  L  70] 

AENOLD.  Sir  NICHOLAS  (1507?-1580),  gentleman 
pensioner  of  Henry  YIII  iu  15S6 :  employed  by  Cromwell 
in  connection  with  dissolution  of  monasteries;  knight 
of  shire  for  Gloucester,  1545 ;  commander  of  garrison, 
Qoeenborough,  1545,  Boulognd)erg,  1546-9  ;  knighted  by 
Edward  YI ;  imprisoned  in  Tower  on  suspicion  of  com- 
plicity in  Wyatt^s  rebelliou,  1554-5,  and  for  his  connection 
with  Sir  Henry  Dudley  [q.  v.]  and  Richard  Uvedale  [q.  v.] 
in  plot  to  drive  Spaniarls  from  England,  1516 ;  sheriff  m 
Gloucestershire,  1559;  seat  to  Ireland  to  inquire  into 
complaints  agsinst  Sussex's  administration,  1563 ;  lonl 
justice  in  Ireland,  1564-5 ;  n.P.  for  Gloucester,  1563,  and 
for  Gloucestershire,  1673.  He  did  much  to  improve  the 
breed  oi  English  horses.  [SuppL  L  75] 

ABKOLD,  RICHARD  (d.  1531  ?),  anUquary ;  haber- 
dasher in  London,  1473 ;  arrested  as  spy  whUe  on  businesa 
visit  to  Flanders,  1488,  and  imprisoued  at  Slujns.  Pub- 
lished a  work  on  the  customs  of  London  (1503).  [li.  110] 

ABVOLD,  SAMUEL  (1740-180S),  musical  composer; 
educated  in  Chapel  Royal ;  composer  to  Coven  t  Garden, 
before  1763 ;  brought  out  his  flrst  opera,  '  Maid  of  the 
MiU,'  1765 ;  member  Ro>'al  Society  ctf  Musicians,  1764 ; 
set  Browne's  ode,  the  '  Cure  of  Saul,'  as  an  oratorio,  1767 ; 
leased  Maryleboue  Gardens,  1769,  where  he  produced  many 
operas  and  burlettas ;  Mus.  Doa  Oxford,  1773 ;  organist  to 
Chapels  Rojiil,  1783,  and  of  Westminster  Abbey,  1793. 
Published  coUecUon  of  cathedral  music,  1790.     [IL  111] 

ABKOLD,  SAMUEL  JAMES (1774-1852X dramatist; 
son  of  Samuel  Arnold  (1740-1809)  [q.  v.] ;  produced  at 
the  Haymarket,  Drury  Lane,  the  English  Opera,  and  the 
Lyceum  many  original  musical  plays  (including  'The 
Prior  Claim,'  written  in  conjunction  wiUi  Pye,  Uie  poet 
laureate,  whose  daughter  he  married)  and  several  notable 
foreign  operas ;  F.R.S.  [IL  118] 

ABNOLD,  THOMAS  (1679-1737),  saUor  :  made  com- 
mander for  bravery  in  battle  off  Cape  Passaro  :  captain, 
17S7  :  served  on  Carolina  coast.  [iL  118] 

ABKOLD,  THOMAS  (1743-1816),  physician;  M.D. 
and  F.R.C.P.  Edinburgh,  where  he  ownai  and  conducted 
a  lunatic  asylum  ;  published  works  on  iusauity.  [IL  113] 

ABKOLD,  THOMAS  (1795-1843),  headmaster  of 
Rugby ;  educated  at  Winchester  and  Corpus  Christi  CfA- 
lege,  Oxford:  flrst  class  classics,  1814;  fellow  of  Oriel, 
1815 ;  won  chancellor's  Latin  and  EngUsb  essay  priaes, 
1815  and  1817 ;  ordained,  1818 ;  headmaster  of  Rugby, 
1828-48 :  B.D.  and  D.D.,  1888 ;  added  mathematics,  mo- 
dern history,  and  modem  languages  to  the  ordinary 
school  course ;  published,  1829,  a  pamphlet  on  the '  Chris- 
tian Duty  of  Cioucediug  the  Roman  Catholic  Claims ' ; 
published  'Principles  of  Church  Reform,*  1883;  regius 
professor  of  history  at  Oxford,  1841 ;  published  sermons, 
an  edition  of  Thucydidn,  and  works  on  Roman  and 
modem  history.  [U.  113] 

ABKOLD,  THOMAS  (1883-1900),  professor  of  English 
literature,  younger  son  of  Dr.  Thomas  Arnold  [q.  v.]  ;  B.A. 
University  CoUege,  Oxford,  1845 ;   M.Am  1865 ;   entered 
Lincoln's  Inn,  1846 ;  clerk  in  colonial  oflloe,  1847 ;  went 
to  New  Zeahmd,  1847 ;  started  school  at  Fort  Hill,  near 
Nelson,  1849 ;  inspector  of  schools  in  Tasmania,  1850-6 ; 
entered  Roman  catholic  church,  1856 ;  professor  of  Eng- 
j  llsh  Uterature  at  catholic  university,  Dublin,  1856-63 ;  left 
I  church  of  Rome,  1865,  but  rejoined  it,  1876 ;  fellow  of 
;  Royal  University  of  Ireland,  and  professor  of  English 
language  and  literature,  University  College,  St.  Stmhen's 
I  Green,  1888-1900 ;  published  a '  Manual  of  English  Litera- 
ture,' 1868,  and  other  works.  [SappL  L  76] 


ARNOLD 


32 


ARUNDALE 


for  taking  order  of   priesthood  beyowl  the  senB.    His 
hand  is  preserved  as  a  rdio  at  Ashton,  Newton*le>WilloMrs. 

[iL  134] 

AS&0W8HITE.  JOHN  (160S-1659X  puritan  dirine : 
giBdnated  at  Oambridge,  1698 ;  inoambentof  Stw  Nicholas* 
Gbapd,  King's  Lynn,  1631  *.  D.D.  and  regitis  professor  of 
divinity,  1644 ;  rector  of  St.  Martin's,  Inmmonger  Lane, 
1646 ;  vioe-chancellor  of  Cambridge,  1647 ;  master  of 
Trinity,  1649 ;  pabllahed  sermons.  [IL  194] 

AEBOWBHITH,  JOHN  (1790-1878),  map-maker; 
nephew  of  Aaron  Arrowsmith  [q.  v.],  whom  he  araisted, 
1810-93;  began  business  alone,  1898,  and  ultimately  be- 
came head  of  his  uncle's  honne;  an  original  fellow  of 
Boyal  Geographical  Society,  1880 ;  published  many  maps 
and  charts.  [iL196] 

ABSDEEOr,  RICHARD  (1618-1698).  [See  Arch- 
DKKiJf,  Richard.] 

ABTAUD,  WILLIAM  (Jt,  1776-1892),  portrait 
painter ;  exhibited  in  the  Royal  Academy  between  1784 
and  1899.  [ii.  126] 


ARNOLD,  THOMAS  JAMES  a804  7-1877),  barrister ; 
called,  1899;  police  magistrate,  1847-77 ;  published  legal 
miii^n*!*  and  translations  of  Gkiethe's  *Reineke  Fuchs' 
(I860),  of  *  Faost '  (1877),  and  of  Anacreon  (1869).  [iL  117] 

ARNOLD,  THOMAS  KBIUTHEYBR  (1800-1858), 
educationalist ;  B.A.  Trinity  College,  Oambildge,  1891 ; 
fellow ;  M.A.,  1894 ;  rector  of  Lyndon,  Rutland,  1830-53 ; 
published  many  classical  works,  educational  adaptations 
hx>m  American  and  German  authors,  sermons  and  other 
theological  writings.  [U- 118] 

ARNOLD,  WILLIAM  DBLAFIELD  (1898-1859), 
Anglo-Indian  official  and  novelist;  younger  son  of  Dr. 
Thomas  Arnold  [q.  v.] ;  educated  at  Christ  (Jhurch,  Ox- 
ford ;  went  to  India  as  ensign  in  58th  native  infantry ; 
aiisistant-oommissioner  of  Punjab ;  director  of  public  in- 
struction, 1856 :  invalided  home  and  dial  at  (Gibraltar ; 
published '  Oakfldd,'  a  novd,  1853.  [iL  1 19] 

ARNOT,  HUGO  (1749-1786%  hUtorical  writer ;  advo- 
cate, 1779 ;  published  '  History  of  Bdiubuxgh,'  1779,  and 
'  (Mminal  Tri«Js  in  Scotland,*  1786.  [iL  119] 

ARNOT,  WILLIAM  (1808-1875X  preacher:  appren- 
ticed as  gardener:  ntndied  for  ministry  at  Glasgow; 
minister  of  St.  Peter's  Church,  Glasgow,  1888,  and  of  one 
of  the  leading  free  church  congregations  in  Edinburgh, 
1863-75 ;  thrice  visited  America  on  ministerial  work ; 
published  religious  and  biographical  works.       [iL  119] 

ARNOTT,  GEORGE  ARNOTT  WALKER  (1799-1868X 
botanist ;  M.A.  Brlinbnrgh,  1818 ;  studied  law,  but  aban- 
doned the  profession  for  botany ;  travdled  on  continent ; 
botanical  lecturer,  1889,  and  professor,  1845,  Glasgow; 
associated  with  Sir  William  Hooker  in  botanical  publica- 
tions. [iL  190] 

ARNOTT,  NEIL  H 788-1 874X  physician  and  natural 
philosopher ;  M.A.  Marischal  (>oU(^,  Aberdeen,  1805 ; 
went  to  London  and  became  a  student  at  St.  George's 
Hospital,  1806 ;  visiteil  China  as  sni^eon  in  East  India  Com- 
pany's service,  1807  and  1809 ;  practised  in  London,  1811- 
1855 ;  lectured  on  natural  science  at  Philomathic  Institu- 
tion ;  M.D.  Aberdeen,  1814 ;  physician  successively  to 
French  (1816)  and  Spanish  embassies;  a  founder  and 
original  member  of  senate  of  university  of  London,  1836 ; 
physician  extraonlinary  to  Queen  Victoria,  1837 ;  F.R.S., 
1838 :  member  of  Medical  Council,  1864 ;  published  '  Ele- 
ments of  Physics,'  1 897-9.  [IL  1 91  ] 

ARNOITL  or  ARNTJLF  (1040-1194X    [See  Ernulf.] 

ARNOXnU),  Sir  JOSEPH  (1814-1886X  Indian  judge 
and  author ;  educated  at  Charterhouse  and  Wadham  Col- 
lege, Oxford :  Newdigate  prizeman,  1834 :  B.A.,  1886 ; 
probationer  fellow,  1838-41 ;  moderator  of  philosophy, 
1840 :  callei  to  the  bar  at  the  Middle  Temple,  1841  ;  con- 
tributed to  Douglas  Jerrold's  *  Weekly  Newspaper'  and 
wrote  l(nder»  for  *  Dally  News  * ;  knighted  and  appointed 
to  seat  on  bench  of  supreme  court  (i^terwards  high  court 
of  judicature)  of  Bombay,  1859 ;  published  legal  and  other 
writings.  [SuppL  L  78] 

ARNTJLF,  Earl  op  Prmrrokk  (/.  lllOX  fifth  son 
of  Roger  de  Montgomery  [see  Rogkk  ok  Montoomrrik, 
Earl  ov  Shrkwhrurt,  d.  1093]  :  built  Pembroke  Castle 
about  1090 ;  rebelled  against  Henry  I,  and  marrying,  after 
much  negotiation,  the  daughter  of  Murchadb,  king  of 
Ldnster,  died  next  day.  [xlix.  103] 

ARNWAY,  JOHN  (1601-1653), royalist  divine:  rector 
of  Hodnet  and  Ightfiekl,  1636 ;  archdeacon  of  Lichfield 
and  Coventry  and  prebendary  of  Woolvey;  exiled  during 
protectorate ;  died  iu  Virginia.  [ii.  199] 

ARRAN,  Eari^  of.  [See  Hamilton,  Jamkh,  first 
Earl,  1477  7-1599;  Hamilton,  James,  second  Earl,  d, 
1575;  Hamilton,  Jamiq),  thUd  Earl,  1530-1609; 
Stewart,  James,  d,  1596.] 

ARROWBKITH,  AARON  (1750-1893X  geographer; 
left  practically  destitute  in  early  life ;  found  employment 
with  a  map-maker  in  London,  1770 ;  published  several 
maps,  including  a  chart  of  the  world  (Mercator's  projeo- 
tionX  now  rare,  1790,  *  Map  of  ScotUnd,'  1807,  and  *  Atlas 
of  Southern  India,'  1899.  [U.  193] 

ARROWSKITH,  EDMUND  (1685-1698X  Jesuit;  '  ARTTNDALB,  FRANCIS  (1807-1853X  architect: 
kuo\vn  sometimes  as  Brad8HAW  and  Ri(}BT  ;  educated  at  pupil  of  Augustus  Pugin ;  travelled  on  the  continent  and 
Douay ;  ordained,  1619 ;  returned  to  England  on  English  in  Egypt  and  Palestine ;  published  several  illustrated 
mission,  1613 ;  entered  Society  of  Jesus,  1694 ;  executed  ,  works  on  architectural  subjects.  ^ii.  IM%\ 


ARTHUR,  real  or  fabulous  Khig  of  Britain ;  bom 

Erobably  towards  end  of  the  5th  century  ;  perhaps  son  of 
rther  Pendragon,  brother  of  Ambroeius  Aurdianua 
[q.  v.],  and  leader  of  the  Roman  party  in  Britain ;  ot>- 
talned  oommaud  of  British  army,  e.  516,  and  is  credited 
by  Nennius  with  twelve  victories  over  the  invadhig  Saxona, 
of  which  probably  only  that  at  Badon  Hill  (c  590)  is  his- 
torical ;  said  to  have  died  at  batUe  of  Gamlan.  [iL  196] 

ARTHUR,  Duke  or  CJount  of  Brittant  (1187-1303X 
posthumous  son  of  Oeoffroy,  third  son  of  Kinjg  Henry  II 
and  Comtance,  daughter  iai  heiress  of  Conan  le  Petit, 
count  of  Brittany ;  deohuned  his  heir  by  his  ancle,  Richard  I, 
1190 ;  supported  by  Philip  of  Prance  on  the  accession  of  hiM 
next  uncle  John ;  captured  by  King  John  at  Mirabel,  1909  ; 
murdered  at  Rouen,  probably  by  John's  orders.  [iL  199] 

ARTHUR  (1486-1509X  eldest  son  of  Henry  VII  and 
Elizabeth  of  York,  eldest  daughter  of  Bdvranl  IV  ;  K3., 
1489 ;  married  Katharine  of  Arragon,  1501.       [iL  131] 

ARTHUR,  ARCHIBALD  (1744-1797X  profosor  of 
moral  philosophy,  Ghugow;  M.A.  Glasgow;  received 
preacher's  licence,  1767 ;  chapUin  and  librarian,  Glasgow 
University ;  professor  of  moral  philosophy,  1796 :  com- 
piled  catalogue  of  Glasgow  University  Library,  published 
1791 ;  published  theological  and  literary  disoourses,  1808. 
[iL  131] 

ARTHUR,  Sm  GEORGE  (1784-1854X  lieutenant- 
general  :  joined  91st  Argyllshire  Highlanders,  1804  ;  lieu- 
tenant in  Italy,  1806,  and  in  Egypt,  1807;  captain  in 
Sicily,  1808,  and  in  Walcheren,  1809 ;  deputy  assistant 
adjutant-general ;  military  secretary  to  Six  George  Don. 
governor  of  Jersey  ;  major  7th  West  India  regiment,  and 
assistant  quartermaster-general,  Jamaica,  1819;  lieo- 
tenant-govemor,  British  Hondnras,  1814-99,  Van  Diemen'S 
Land,  1898-87,  and  Upper  Oanada,  1887-41;  baronet. 
1841 ;  governor  of  Bombay,  1849 ;  elected  provisional 
governor-general,  but  compelled  by  Ill-health  to  r^»m 
home,  1846;  privy  councillor  and  hon.  D.C.L.  Oxford; 
colonel  60th  Queen's  Own  regiment,  1858.  [iL  189] 

ARTHUR,  JAMBS  (d.  1670 ?X  divine;  professor  of 
divinity,  Salamanca  University  ;  subsequently  retired  to 
convent  of  St.  Dominic,  Lisbon ;  publislied  and  left  in 
manuscript  commentaries  on  Aquinas's  'Summa.* 

[IL  186] 

ARTHUR,  THOMAS  (d.  1539X  divine ;  feUow,  St. 
John's  College,  Cambridge,  and  principaL  St.  yLa,ry*9 
Hostel,  1618 ;  charged  with  heresy,  1596  and  1697,  and 
recanted  to  Romanism  :  wrote  tragedies.  [11. 136] 


ARTHUR,  THOMAS  (1693-1666  ?X  Irish  cathoUo 
physician ;  elucated  at  Bordeaux  ;  studied  medicine  at 
Paris ;  practised  in  Limerick,  1619,  and  in  Dublin,  1694 ; 
wrote  Latin  elegiacs.  [iL  186] 

ARTLSTT,  RICHARD  AUSTIN  (1807-1873X  en- 
graver :  pupil  of  Robert  Cooper  and  James  Thomson ; 
produced  several  portraits;  remembered  chiefly  for  en- 
gravings of  sculpture.  [iL  186] 


ARUNDEL 


d3 


ASGUX 


EAiui)  ov.    [See  Albini,  Wiluam  db, 

ftnt  Karu  d.  1176 ;  Albini,  William  de,  third  Earl, 

d.  ml ;  FrrzALAX,  Richard,  flnl  Earl  of  the  second 

cro&tion,  IS^-ISOS ;  FiT£ALA2f,  Bdvuno,  second  Earl, 

1S85-13S6 ;  PnzALAic,  Richard,  third  Earl,  1307  7-1376 ; 

FiTZALAX,  Richard,  fourth  Earl,  1346-1397 ;  Fitzalan, 

THOMA5,  lUth  Sa&i^  1381-1416 ;  FrrzALAN,  Johh,  seventh 

Earl.  1408-1436;   Fitzalax,   Hekrt,    twelfth   Earl, 

1611  ?-Isau ;  Howard,  Philip,  thirteenth  Earl,  1667- 

1696 ;  Howard,  Thomas,  foarteenth  Earl,  1686-1646 ; 

HoWARit,  Hkicrt  Prkderick,  fifteenth  Earl,  1608-166S.] 


THOMAS  (1363-1414),  archbishop  of 
CWiUrbary :  Uahop  <rf  Ely,  1374  ;  chancellor,  1886-9 ;  arch- 
bidiop  of  Yorl:,  1388 ;  again  chancellor,  1391-6 ;  archbishop 
<rf  Cantat>ar7, 1396 ;  was  perhaps  implicated  in  a  oon- 
spixBcy  of  his  brother,  Esiri  of  Arondel,  the  Doke  of 
GkoooortfT,  and  Sari  of  Warwick  against  King  Richard  II ; 
impeached  bj  Hoase  of  Conumms  and  buiished,  1397,  | 
for  a«^ting  the  oommiftBion  of  regency  eleTen  years 
before,  in  derogation  of  the  king's  authority ;  went  to 
Bofne  and  sought  intercession  Ol  Boniface  IX,  who  at 
Rkdiazd  ITs  reqaest  translated  him  to  St.  Andrews,  a  see 
vhich  acknowtedged  the  rival  pope ;  retomed  to  Eng- 
land with  Henry  IV,  whom  he  crowned,  1399;  again 
chancellor,  1899,  1407,  and  14IS;  strenoooaly  resisted 
killKdy.  [ii.  137] 

AX.UAD£LL  op  Corxwall.  The  three  principal 
brmncbes  of  the  Cornish  temily  of  Arondell  were  the 
AraDdeQa  of  Lanheroe,  Trerioe,  and  Tolveme. 

The  Abuxdixls  op  Lanhkrxs  settled  at  Lanheme 
aboat  the  mUdle  <rf  the  thirteenth  oentory.  The  more 
important  members  of  this  branch  not  noticed  elsewhere 
are  Roger,  marshal  ci  England ;  William  de  Arondell, 
cancn  of  Exeter  Cathedral  (<l.  1246) ;  Sir  Ralph  Anmdell, 
sheriff  of  Cornwall,  1360 ;  Sir  John  AnmdeU,  K^., '  the 
Magnificent,'  M.P.  and  sheriff  of  Cornwall,  died  e.  1433  : 
John  Anmddl,  sheriff  and  a^lmiral  of  Cornwall,  attainted, 
1483:  and  Sir  John  Anmddl,  who  was  made  knight 
banneret  at  Therooenne,  and  died  in  1646. 

The  Arcxdklls  op  Trkricb  include  Sir  John  Arun- 
deDL  viee-«idmlral  of  Cornwall  early  in  fifteenth  century 
{4. 1471),  and  the  Hon.  Richard  Arondell,  M.P.  (d.  1769). 
The  ARrxDKLLS  op  Tolterkk  inolode  Sir  Thomas 
AmHldl  (tf.  1443X  Sir  Thomas  Arondell  (d.  1669), 
kmghted  by  James  I,  and  his  son,  John  Arondell,  oolonel 
«(  bone  for  Charke  Il7<i.  1671% 

The  Arusdclls  op  Mkxadarta  appear  to  have  been 
foondBd  by  one  Robert  Arondell,  a  natoral  son  of  Sir 
Jdu  ArondeU  of  Trerice  [q.  v.]  [IL  141] 

AXmniSLL,  BLANCHE,  Ladt  (1683-1649),  defender 
of  Vaidoor  Oastle :  daughter  of  Edward,  earl  of  Wor- 
<»tcr:  married  Thomas  Amndell  of  Wanloor,  Wilt- 
'ian :  defended  Wardoor  Castle  for  nine  days  against 
pufiamentarians,  1643.  [ii.  143] 

ASUSDZLL,  FRANCIS  VYVYAN  J  AGO  (1780- 
imx  antiquary:  M.A.  Exeter  College,  Oxford,  1809; 
Rctor  of  Landolph,  1806 :  chaplain  to  British  factory, 
Scuynia,  1832-36  :  }oameyed  in  Asia  Minor,  1826-36,  and 
poblifibed  def>criptiona  of  his  travels  and  discoveries, 
1^:  made  large  collections  of  antiquities,  coin.*,  and 
Bsanscripts.  [it  143] 

AXUnnQL,  HENRT,  third  Baron  Arundell  op 
Wardour  (1606  7-1694),  fought  for  Charles  I  in  civil 
van:  dislodged  pariiamentarians,  1644,  from  Waniour 
Catie.  vhich  had  been  taken  from  his  mother,  Lady 
Blanebe  Amnddl  [q.  v.] :  master  of  horse  to  Henrietta 
lUria,  1663 :  one  of  the  ambassadors  sent  by  Charles  II 
to  JjaaiA  XW  to  arrange  secret  treaty  of  Dover,  1669 ; 
•ceoseii  by  TitiB  Oate»  of  complicity  In  a  popish  plot 
Ka.n«t  Charles,  and  arrested,  1678 ;  imprisoned  in  Tower, 
^«t  not  tn<»i :  rdeaaed  1684  :  privy  councillor,  1686 ; 
of  EMivy  stikL  1687 ;  published  religions  and  courtly 

[IL  144] 


ABUVDZIIs  HUMPHRY,  op  Lanhbrxk  (1613- 
IHO).  TCixl ;  teado-  of  an  insurrection  due  to  enclosure  of 
'noKooa  lands  1649;  nn-^nccessfully  besieged  Exeter; 
si^iUBatdy  captured  and  executed  at  Tyburn.     [iL  146] 

AEimSLL,  Sm  JOHN,  op  Laxiikrxk  (</.  1379X 
■snl  Qommander;  rcpnlserl  French  off  Cornwall,  1379, 
ut  «H  eai^t  in  storm  and  drowned.  [iL  146] 


ABUVSZLL,  JOHN  (d.  1477),  tiishop  of  Chicheater ; 
fellow,  Exeter  College,  Oxford,  1421-30;  chaplain  to 
Henry  YI ;  bishop  of  Chichester,  1468.  [iL  146] 

ABXTHDZLL.  JOHN,  op  Lanhkhne  (d.  1604), divine : 
M JL  Exeter  (College,  Oxford ;  deau  of  Exeter,  1483-96 ; 
bishop  of  Lichfield  and  Coventry,  1496,  and  Exeter,  1602. 
[iL  146] 

ARTJHDSLL,  Sir  JOHN,  op  Trrrick  ( 1496-1661 X 
vice-admiral  of  the  west,  called  *Jack  of  Tilbury*; 
knighted  at  battle  of  Spurs,  1618 ;  twice  sheriff  of  Corn- 
wall ;  esquire  of  the  body  to  Henry  YIIL  [iL  146] 

ARXTHDXLL,  Sir  JOHN,  op  Trkrick  (1676-1666  ?X 
royalist,  nicknamed  '  Jack  for  the  King  * ;  grandson  of 
Sir  John  Arondell  (1496-1661)  [q.  v.]  ;  at  varioos  times 
M.P.  for  Cornwall,  Bodmin,  Tregony,  and  Michell; 
governor,  1643,  of  Pendennis  Castle,  which  he  was  com- 
pelled to  surrender  to  Fairfax,  1646.  [iL  147] 

ABTTHDELL,  MART,  op  Lanhbritr  (d.  1691),  trans- 
lator ;  left  manuscript  translations  from  Latin. 

[iL  147] 

ARXnrDELL,  RICHARD,  first  Baron  Arundell  op 
Trkricb  (d.  1687X  M.P.  for  Loetwithiel ;  oolonel  in  king's 
army ;  governor,  Pendennis  Castle,  1662.  [iL  148] 

ARTJHDSLL,  Sir  THOMAS,  op  Lakrerxk  (</.  1652X 
alleged  conspirator ;  sheriff  of  Dorset,  1631-2 :  gentleman 
of  privy  chamber  to  Wolsey ;  knighted,  1633;  a  com- 
missioner for  suppression  of  rdigious  hooites,  1536 ; 
imprisoned  in  Tower  for  alleged  implication  in  Cornish 
risuig,  1660-1 ;  exeooted  for  share  in  Somerset's  con- 
spiracy. [iL  148] 

ARUHSZLL,  THOMAS,  first  Baron  Arundell  op 
Wardour  (1660-1689X  soldier  of  fortune ;  made  coont  of 
Holy  Roman  Empire  by  Emperor  Rudolph  II  for  ser- 
vices against  the  Torks,  1696.  [iL  148] 

AXUHDZLL,  THOMAS,  second  Baron  Ardndkll 
OP  Wardoub  (1684-1643X  fought  for  royalistn  in  civil 
war.  [ii.  149] 

ASAPH  (d.  e.  696X  Welsh  saint ;  known  also  as  Asaap, 
A98A,  or  Aba  ;  grandson  of  Pabo  [q.  v.]  :  succeeded  St. 
Kentigem  [q.  v.],  e.  670,  in  the  monastery  at  confluence  of 
rivers  Clwyd  and  Elwy ;  the  monastery,  perhaps  in 
Asaph's  time,  elevated  into  a  cathedral  foundation; 
possibly  first  bishop  of  the  see  of  Llanelwy  (known  since 
e.  1100  as  St.  Asaph) ;  his  anniversary  formerly  celebrated 
at  St.  Asaph  on  1  May.  [SuppL  L  78] 

ABBTISY,  FRANCIS  (1746-1816X  Wesleyan  bishop ; 
went  as  preacher  to  America,  1771 ;  made  joint  superin- 
tendent, and,  later,  bishop  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal 
Chorch,  United  States  of  America,  1784.  [ii.  149] 

ABCHAK,  ANTHONY  (Jl.  I668X  astrologer;  M.B. 
Cambridge,  1640 ;  vicar  of  Bomeston,  Yorkshire,  1563 ; 
published  astronomical  and  astrological  works,  [ii.  149] 

ABCHAK,  ANTONY  (d.  1660X  parliamentarian 
ambassador ;  edocated  at  Eton  and  King's  College,  Cam- 
bridge ;  tutor  to  James,  doke  of  York :  Hambui^  agent 
of  the  republic,  1649 ;  ambassador  to  Madrid,  1660,  where 
he  was  mordered  on  his  arrival.  [iL  160] 

ABCHAK,  ROQER  (1616-1668X  author:  educated  at 
St  Jotm's  College,  Cambridge,  where  he  distinguished 
himself  in  classics;  BA.  and  fellow,  1534:  M.A.,  1687; 
Oreek  reader  at  St.  John's,  1638;  visited  Yorkshire; 
returned  to  Cambridge,  1642 :  published  '  Toxophilus,'  a 
treatise  on  archery,  m  which  accomplishment  he  had 
considerable  skill,  1646;  public  orator,  Cambridge  Uni- 
versity, 1646 ;  succeeded  Qrindal  as  tutor  to  Princess 
Elizabeth,  1648;  resigned  this  post  and  returned  to  his 
duties  at  Cambridge,  1660;  secretary  to  Sir  Richard 
Morysin,  English  ambassador  to  Charles  V,  1660-3, 
during  which  period  he  travelled  largely  on  the  conti- 
nent :  Latin  secretary  to  Qoeen  Mary,  1653  ;  was  specially 
permitted  to  oontinoe  in  his  profession  of  protestantism  ; 
married  and  resigned  his  oflices  at  Cambridge,  1664; 
private  tutor  to  Queen  Elizabeth,  1558;  prebendary  of 
York,  1669 :  troubled  with  ill-health  during  latter  years  of 
his  life.  His  '  Scholemaster,'  a  treatiii.e  on  practical  edo- 
cation,  which  he  left  unfinished,  was  publijibed  in  1670. 

[IL  160] 

A8GILL,  Sir  CHARLES  (1763  7-1823X  general;  en- 
sign Ist  foot  guards,  1778 :  lieutenant  with  captain's 
rank,  1781 ;  captured  at  the  capitulation  of  York  Towi> 


AsarLL. 


34 


ASTTTiFiY 


1781 :  chosen  to  suffer  death  in  retaliation  for  the  exe- 
cution of  an  American  prisoner,  but  released ;  lieutenant- 
colonel  in  grnanis,  179<) ;  served  in  Flanders ;  colonel, 
1796;  staff-brisradier  in  Irdand,  1797;  major-i^eneral, 
1798 ;  colonel  4Cth  foot,  and  oommaoder  of  Dublin,  180U  ; 
general,  1814.  [iL  159] 

ASOILL,  JOHN  (1659-1738X  eccentric  writer ;  stiident 
of  Middle  Temple,  1686 ;  called  to  the  bar,  169S ;  published 
a  pamphlet  to  prove  that  deaUi  was  not  obligatory  upon 
Ohristiaus,  1699 ;  went  to  Ireland  ;'memberfor  Bnnisoortby 
in  Irish   HouM  of   Ckmunons,  1703;   expelled  and  his 

emphlet  ordered  to  be  burned;  returned  to  England; 
P.  for  Bramber  in  parliament  of  1705-7 ;  expelled  after 
his  book  had  again  been  ordered  to  be  burned :  became  in- 
volved in  financial  difficulties,  and  passed  the  rest  of  his 
life  in  Fleet  or  within  rules  of  King's  Bench :  published 
several  pamphlets.  [it  159] 

ASH,  JOHN  (1724?-1779X  baptist  pastor  at  Lough- 
wood,  Dorset,  and  later  at  Pershore,  Woroestershire ; 
published  an  Bnglish  dictionary,  1775.  [ii.  161] 

ASH,   JOHN  (1723-1798),  physician;   M.D.  Trinity 
OoUegc,  Oxford,  1754 :  first  physician  of  General  Hospital,  j 
Birmingham,  at  which  town  he  practised ;  F.G.P.,  1787 ; 

{»ractiwid  in  London  after  1787,  and  held  various  posts  ' 
n  the  College  of  Physicians.  [ii.  161]      | 


.,  SIMON  OP  ifl.  1200).    [Sec  Simon.] 

ASWBWB.  HENRY  8PBNGEB  (1834-1900),  bibUo- 
grapher  ;  founder  and  senior  partner  of  London  meroan- 
Ule  firm  of  Charles  Lavy  A  Ca,  whose  parent  house  was 
in  Hamburg ;  organised  branch  at  Paris,  1868 ;  subse- 
quently devoted  his  leisure  to  travd  and  book-collecting ; 
formed  the  finest  Cervantic  library  out  of  Spain ;  publisbal 
'  Notes  on  Curious  and  Uncommon  Bo^  *  (privatdy,  , 
1877-85)  and  other  bibliographical  writings ;  he  bequeathed  I 
many  valuable  books  to  the  British  Museum.  i 

[Suppl.  L  79]      ! 

ASHBOSNE,  THOMAS  of  (/.  1382X    [See  Thomau.] 

ASHBUBKHAK,  JOHN  (1603-1671),  royalist;  pro- 
t^g6  of  Duke  of  Buckingham;  groom  of  bedchamber, 
1628 ;  M.P.  for  Hastings,  1640 ;  'discharged  and  disabled ' 
by  the  oommons  for  contempt,  being  prevented  by  his  at- 
tendance on  the  king  from  attending  in  the  house,  1643 ; 
treasurer  and  paymaster  of  royalist  army ;  attended  king 
at  Hampton  Court,  1647 ;  lo^t  the  confidence  of  the 
royalists  owing  to  his  connection  with  an  unsuccessful 
attempt  to  effect  Charles's  escape,  1647  ;  suffered  many 
hardships,  but,  at  the  Restoration,  again  became  groom  of 
the  bedchamber.  [IL  162] 

ASHBTJBHHAM,  WILLIAM  (d.  1679X  royalist; 
brother  of  John  Asbumham  [q.  v.] ;  M.P.  for  LodgmhaU, 
1640 ;  governor  of  Weymouth,  1644 ;  cofferer  of  the  house- 
hold after  the  Restoration.  [IL  164] 

ASHBUBTON,  Baroxs.  [See  Duxn'ino,  Jonx,  first 
Bakox,  1781-1785;  Barin'o,  Alkxandkr,  first  Baron  <tf 
the  second  creation,  1774-1848 ;  Barinu,  Wiluam  Bing- 
ham, second  Baron,  1799-1864.] 

ASHBTJBY,  JOSEPH  (1638-1720X  actor ;  served  in 
army  in  Ireland ;  lieutenant  of  foot,  Dublin,  after  the  Re- 
storation ;  master  of  revels  and  patentee  to  the  Duke  of 
Ormonde,  lord-lieutenant  ot  Ireland,  1682 ;  gained  reputa- 
tion for  the  Irish  stage  and  for  himself  as  actor  and 
manager.  [IL  164] 

A8HBY,  OBORGE  (d.  1475).  poetical  writer :  clerk 
of  signet  to  Henry  VI,  and  afterwanls  to  Margaret  of 
Anjou ;  perhaps  confined  In  the  Fleet,  c.  1461 ;  tutor  to 
Henry  vPs  son  Edward ;  left  veniies  in  manuscript. 

[U.  164] 

ASHBY,  QEORGB  (1724-1808).  anUqnary;  educated 
at  Westoiinster,  Eton,  and  St  John's  College.  Cambridge ; 
M.A.,  1748 ;  fellow  and  B.D.,  1756 ;  rector  of  Hungertoii, 
1754-67,  and  of  Twyfoid,  Leicestershire,  1759-69  ;  presi- 
dent, St.  John's  College,  1769-75 ;  F.SA.,  1775  ;  accepted 
living  of  Barrow,  Suffolk,  and  also  in  1780  that  of  Stans- 
field ;  wrote  largdiy  on  antiquarian  subjects.       [ii.  165] 

ASHBY,  HARRY  (1744-18I8X  \»Titing  engraver; 
apprenticed  at  Wotton-under-Bdge,  Gloucestershire,  to  a 
clockmaker:  employed  Later  in  London  as  writing  en- 
graver ;  executed  plates  for  several  works  on  penmanship. 

[ii.  165] 


ASHBY,  Sir  JOHN  (d.  1693),  admiral ;  lieutenant, 
1665 ;  captain,  1668 ;  fought  at  Ban  try  Bay  ;  knighted  : 
made  second  rear-admiral  of  the  blue,  1689 ;  admiral  of  the 
blue  at  Barfleur,  1692.  [Ii.  166] 


RICHARD  (1614-1680),  Jesuit,  whose  real 
name  was  Thimelbt  ;  entered  Society  of  Jesus,  1632 ;  pro- 
fessor at  Li^ge ;  joined  English  mission,  c,  1648 ;  rector  of 
St.  Omer's  College ;  wrote  theological  works.       [iL  166] 

A8HD0WHE,  WILLIAM  (1723-1810),  unitarian 
preacher ;  preacher  at  general  baptist  church,  Dover,  from 
1759  to  1781,  when  he  was  elected  pabtor;  published 
religious  works.  [iL  167] 

ASHE,  JOHN  (1671-1785X  religions  writer ;  dissenting 
minister  at  AshfonL  [ii.  167] 


E,  JONATHAN  (/.  1813X  masonic  writer ;  DJ). 
Trinity  (College,  Dublin,  1808 ;  published  a  work  on  fre»* 
masonry,  1818.  [iL  167] 


ROBERT  HOADLEY  (1761-1826),  divine; 
D.D.  Pembroke  College,  Oxford,  1794;  held  living  of 
Crewkeme,  Somerset,  1775-1826.  [IL  167] 


ST.  GEORGE  (16587-1718),  Irish  bishop: 
fellow.  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  1679;  provost,  1692; 
bishop  of  Cloyne,  1695,  of  Clogher,  1697,  and  of  Deny, 
1717  ;  known  chiefly  for  his  intimacy  with  Dean  Swift, 
who  was  his  pupil  at  Trinity  College.  [iL  168] 


.,  SIMEON  (d.  1662),  nonconformist  divlDe; 
educated  at  Emmanuel  Collie,  Cambridge:  ejected  for 
nonconformity  from  a  living  which  he  1^  in  Stafford- 
shire ;  chaplain  to  Earl  of  Manchester ;  after  civil  war 
received  living  of  St.  Austin  ;  wrote  several  pamphlets  and 
sermons.  [iL  168] 

ASHE  or  ASH,  THOMAS  (/1. 1600-1618X  legal  writer : 
called  to  bar  at  Gray's  Inn,  1574  ;  pensioner,  1597 ;  pub- 
lished legal  works.  [iL  169] 

ASHE,  THOMAS  (1770-1835),  novdist ;  bdd  commis- 
sion in  83nl  foot  regiment;  entered  a  oonnting-boose 
at  Bordeaux;  did  secretarial  work  in  Dublin  and  sub- 
seqnentiy  spent  some  years  in  foreign  travd ;  Mrrote  novds 
and  misoeUaneons  works.  [IL  169] 

ASHE,  THOMAS  (1836-1889),  poet ;  BJL  St  Johii*to 
College,  Cambridge,  1859;  curate,  of  SUverstone,  North- 
amptozishire,  1860 ;  mathematioal  and  modem  form  master 
at  Leamington  college,  1865,  and  subsequently  at  Queen 
Elizabeth's  school,  Ipswich;  wrote  several  volumes  of 
poetry  (ooUected,  1885).  [SuppL  L  80] 


),  EDMUND  (A  1680-1700X  artist;  papfl 

of  John  Michael  Wright  [q.  v.] ;  executed  crsyon  and  oQ 
portraits.  [iL  169] 

A8HF0BD,     WILLIAM     (1746  7-1824X     landscape 
painter ;  settled  in  Dublin,  1764 :  abandoned  a  situation  m 
Dublhi  ordnance  department  in  the  interests  of  art ;  first 
i  president,  Ro>-al  Hibernian  Academy,  1823.  [iLI69] 

I       ASHHTTEST.    [See  Ashurst.] 

i       ASHLEY,  first  Baron  (1621-1683).     [See  Ck>oPBB, 
'  Anthony  Ashi^t.] 


Sir  ANTHONY  (1551-1627),  clerk  of  the 
privy  council :  probably  educated  at  Oxford  ;  clefk  of  tiie 
council  befcne  1588  :  journeyed  with  Norris  and  Drake  to 
Spain,  1589;  M.A.  Oxford,  1592;  secretary  for  war  in 
the  '  honourable  vo>-age  unto  Cadiz  *  and  knighted,  1696 ; 
made  baronet,  1622 ;  author  of  '  The  Mariners  Mirroor 
of  Navigation,*  1588.  [iL  170] 

ASHLEY,  CHARLES  JANE  (1773-1843X  performer 
on  violoncello :  son  of  John  Ashley  (1734  7-1806)  [q.  v.]; 
secretary  of  Royal  Society  of  Musicians,  1811.     [iL  171] 

ASHLEY,  GENERAL  CHARLES  (17707-1818X  via- 

linlst ;  son  of  John  Ashley  (1734  ?-18«)5)  [q.  v.]  :  pupU  of 

Giardini  and  IWirthelemon :  took  part  in  Handel  oom* 

,  mcmoratiou.  1784 :  member  Royal  Society  of  Musicians, 

I  1791.  [iL  171] 

!  ASHLEY,  JOHN  (1734  ?-lM)5),  musician  ;  member  of 
Royal  Society  of  Mu^iciansi.  1765  ;  assistant  conductor  at 
Handel  commemoration,  1784 ;  manager  of  oratorio  ood- 

=  certs,  Covent  Garden,  1795.  [IL  171] 


85 


ASHWORTH 


r,  JOHN  JAMBS  (177S-181ftX8ingii«  marter : 

SOB  of  J<AiB  AMbity  (17M?-I806)  [q.  ▼.];  pupU  of 
Sduroeter ;  member  of  Royal  Sooifity  of  Mmiduu,  179S. 

[IL  171] 

ASHLST.  RIOHARD  (177ft-1836X  violinist;  eon  of 
Jotm  A5hk7  (17U7-1805)  [q.  r.] ;  member  of  Royal 
Society  of  Magicians.  179e.  [IL  171] 


J.  ROBERT(156fr-1641),misoeUaneoaa  writer ; 

adaoalai  at  Oxford  ;  fdlow  commoner,  Hart  Hall,  1680  : 
eaDed  to  bar  at  Hiddk  T«mple;  profloient  linguiflt  in 
loropean  tooeaea  and  anthor  of  miaodlaneoos  works. 

[IL  172] 

AIHXOLS,  BLIAS  (1617-1699%  antiquary  and  as- 
tnloger ;  educated  at  Lichfield ;  solicitor,  1688 ;  joined 
royalist*,  and  in  1644  was  appointed  oommissiooer  of 
excise  at  Lichfield ;  stodied  physios  and  mathematics  at 
PiasBuuw.  OoQege,  Ozfotd ;  commissioner  of  excise,  cap* 
lain  of  boTK  and  comptroller  of  ordnance,  Worcester ; 
Windsor  Herald,  1660 ;  held  sacoessively  several  gown- 
meat  appointments;  presented,  1677,  his  collection  of 
coitosittes  to  Oxford  University,  to  which  he  sobsequently 
taqoeathed  his  library:  M.D.  Oxford,  1690;  wrote  or 
aditod  antiqaarian  and  Bosicmoian  works.         [IL  172] 


E,  JOHN  CJI.  1621),  translator ;  pabUshed 
Ibe  first  tnuislatlan  into  Bnglish  of  sdeoted  Odes  of 

[IL  174] 


ASHPITZL,  ARTHUR  (1807-1869),  architect;  prao- 
184f-M:  spent  stmie  time  in  Rome,  of  which  city 

hwiiMnthed  two  drawings  to  the  nation ;  poblished 
and  potilkal  pan^hteta.  [IL  174] 


WILLLIM  HURST  (1776-1853X  archi- 
as  assistant  in  boildingof  London  docks 
Keonet  and  Avon  canaL  [iL  175] 


GHARLB8  (166»-1762X  divine;  B.A. 
QftemsT  Oolklge,  Cambridge ;  fellow,  1687 ;  chaplain  to 
Bliiiop  Patxick ;  hefal  living  of  Rattenden,  Bssex,  1699 : 
*>>*^ir'*»"  to  Chdsea  hospital ;  prebendaiy  of  Bly,  master 
of  Jesos  Oolkge,  Oambridge,  and  D.D.,  1701 ;  vice- 
dtaoceUor.  Cambridge,  1702 ;  published  works  on  classical 
iobiectB  and  made  textual  emendations.  [iL  17S] 


.,  BDWARD  (d.  1668X  colonel  in  army: 
czeeuted  for  oMnplicity  in  Ormonde's  plot  against  lord 
pnieotor,  1658w  [iL  175] 


A8HT0N  or  A8BHIT0N,  Sir  THOMAS  db  Of.  1446\ 
alchemist ;  specially  licensed  by  Henry  VI  to  porsoe  his 
expoimenta,  1446.  [iL  180] 

A8HT0K,  THOMAS  (d.  1578%  schoolmaster ;  M.A. 
Cambridge,  1663;  and  fellow,  Trinity  College:  entered 
orders;  first  headmaster  of  Shrewsbary  school  from 
1562  to  c.  1568;  sabeeqaently  employed  by  Bar!  of 
Siscx  in  communications  between  Elizabeth  and  privy 
counciL  [IL  180] 

A8HT0V,  THOMAS (1716-1775X  divine;  edncatedat 
Bton  and  King's  College,  Cambridge,  where  he  made  the 
acquaintance  of  Horace  Walpole ;  rector  of  Storminster 
M,^r«ha^i,  Dorsetshire,  1749,  and  of  St  Botolph,  Biahopa- 
gate,  1762:  D.D.,  1759;  preacher  at  Lincobi's  Inn, 
1762-4.  [iL  180] 

ASHUBST,  HBNRY  (1614?-1680X  merchant:  ap- 
prentioed  to  draper  in  London ;  entered  common  council, 
and  subsequent^  became  an  alderman;  treasurer  to 
Society  for  the  Propagation  of  the  Qospel;  gave  large 
sums  in  charity,  partioilarly  in  Lancashire.        [iL  181] 

A8HUB8T,  JAMBS  (<f.  1679X  divine;  vicar  of 
Arleaey,  e.  1631 ;  left  the  living  under  Act  of  Uniformity, 
but  continued  to  oooduct  services  there  as  noncon- 
formist. [iL  181] 

A8HXTB8T  or  A8HEUB8T,  WILLIAM  HBNRY 
(1725-1807X  jadge;  educated  at  Charterhouse;  entered 
Inner  Temple,  1760 ;  praotliied  as  special  pleader ;  called 
to  the  bar,  1754 :  ser)eant,  1770 ;  judge  of  king's  bench, 
1770-99 ;  one  of  the  coaunLisioners  entrusted  witii  great 
seal,  1783  and  1792-3.  [iL  182] 

A8HUBBT,  WILLIAM  HENRY  (1792-1855X  so- 
licitor; an  enthusiastic  radicaL  refusing  to  pay  taxes 
till  the  Reform  Bill  should  be  passed,  1832 :  member  of 
common  council  of  London ;  under-sheriff  of  London ; 
supplied  funds  and  procured  evidence  to  support  Rowland 
Hill's  postal  scheme ;  a  founder  of  the  Society  of  Friends 
of  Italy  and  of  the  People's  International  League,  1851  and 
1852.  [iL  182] 

ASHWABSBY,  JOHN  (>f.  1392X  follower  of  Wyclifle ; 
feUow  of  Oriel  College,  Oxford  :  vicar  of  St.  Mary's;  vice- 
chancellor  of  the  university,  1392.  [IL  183] 


r,  HENRY  (1801-1872X  arohltect :  pupU  of 
ttr  Robert  Smirke :  executed  designs  for  many  London 
improvonentB,  notably  Victoria  Street.    [iL  176] 

IBTOV,  HUGH  (d.  1522).  archdeacon  of  York  : 
Oxford,  1507 :  canon  and  prebendary  in  St.  Stephen's, 
Westminirter,  1509 :  prebendary  of  Strensall,  York,  1515 : 
trcfadeaooo  of  Winchester,  1511-19,  of  Cornwall,  1515, 
md  of  West  Riding,  York.  1516;  rector  of  Grasmere, 
Imbkvide  (before  151 IX  of  Bamake,  Uchfleld,  and  (1522) 
of  Burton  tatimer,  Northamptonshire.  [iL  176] 

ASETOV,  Sra  JOHN  de  (/1. 1370),  military  com- 
mander; distingni«lMxl  himsdf  at  siege  of  Noyon  by 
English,  137U  :  knight  of  ahire,  1389.  [ii.  177] 

ABHTOV,  Sm  JOHN  db  (<i.  1428X  son  of  Sir  John  de 
Afthtoo  (jl.  1370)  Iq.  v.]  ;  knight  of  shire  for  Lancashire, 
1413 :  seneKhal  of  Bayeux,  1416.  [il.  177] 

A8HT0V,  JOHN  (d.  1691X  Jacobite  conspirator; 
Herfc  of  ciooet  to  Mary  of  Modena,  wife  of  James  II ;  pro- 
bacy held  commiffiion  in  army ;  arrested  in  1690  for  con- 
spiring to  restore  James  n  ;  tuuiged  at  Tyburn.  [iL  177] 

AIHTOV,  PBTBR  (/.  1546X  Bnglish  translator  of 
I^nlns  Jorins'a  'Tnrcicarum  rerum  Commentarius,* 
1546.  [iL  178] 

AIHTOV,  Sib  RALPH  or  (/I.  1460-1483X  oflioer 
of  slate ;  in  his  seventeenth  year  page  of  honour  to  Henry 
TI :  bdd  rarioos  offices  under  Edward  lY ;  vice-constable 
of  England  and  lieatenant  of  the  Tower,  1483 :  perhaps 
Bunkred  at  Ashton-under-Lome.  [IL  178] 

ISHTOV,  Sir  ROBERT  ob  (d.  1886X  officer  ;  M.P., 
1394:  kMd  treasurer  (1362  and  1373);  admiral  of  the 
Barrow  Seas,  1369 ;  king's  chamberlain,  1373 ;  constable  of 
Dover  and  warden  of  Cinque  ports,  1380.  [iL  179] 

ASHTOV,  THOMAS  vm  (A.  1346X  warrior :   fought 
vtth  great  vakwr  under  Nevifie  at  Neville's  Cross,  1346  ; 
John  of  Qaunt  to  Spain,  1885.        [iL  179] 


ASHWELL,  ARTHUR  RAWSON  (1824-1879X  prin- 
cipal of  Chichester  Tboological  College ;  entered  Trinity 
College,  Cambridge,  1843 ;  foundation  scholar,  Cains 
College,  1846 ;  fifteenth  wrangler,  1847 ;  took  orders ; 
curate  of  Spddhurst,  1848,^  and  of  St  Mary-the-Less, 
Cambridge,  1849;  vice-principaL  St.  Mark's  College, 
Chelsea,  1851-3;  principaL  Oxford  Diocesan  Training 
College,  Culham,  1853  ;  minister.  Holy  Trinity  Church, 
Ck)nduit  Street,  London,  1862  :  principal.  Training  College, 
Durham,  1865 ;  canon-residentiary  and  principal  Theo- 
logical College,  Chichester,  1870 ;  wrote  extensively  for 
literary  magazines.  [iL  183] 

ASHWELL,  GEORGE  (1612-1695X  controversialist; 
scholar,  Wadbam  College,  Oxford,  1627  ;  M.A.  and  fellow, 
1635 ;  B.D.,  1646  ;  chaplain  to  Sir  Anthony  (Dope  of  Han- 
weU,  Oxfordsibire ;  rector  of  Hanwell,  1658  ;  published 
Anglo-catholic  controversial  works.  [iL  184] 

ASHWELL,  JOHN  (<f.  1541  ?X  prior  of  Newnbam : 

B.D.  Cambridge  I  hekl  benefices  of  Mistley,  Littlebury,  and 

i  Halstead ;    chaplain    to    Lord  Abergavenny's  troops  in 

j  France,  1515 ;    prebendary  of    St.  Paul's,  1521 ;   prior, 

i  Newnham  Abbey,  c.  1627 :  opposed  principles  of  Kefor- 

maUon,   but  took  oath  of  supremacy  to  Henry  Yin, 

1534.  [it  185] 

A8HW00D,  BARTHOLOMEW  (1622-1680X  puritan 
divine :  graduated  at  Oxford ;  held  benefice  of  Biok- 
ieigh,  Devonshire,  and  later  that  of  Axmiuster,  whence  he 
was  ejected,  1662 ;  published  religious  worlu.      [IL  185] 

ABU  WOOD,  JOHN  (1657-1706X  nonconformist  mini- 
ster.; tutor  at  Axmiuster  and  later  at  Chard ;  minister 
at  Exeter ;  lecturer  at  Spitalfields  ;  minister  at  Peckham. 
His  *  Life,'  by  Thomas  Reynolds,  was  published  1707. 

[U.  186] 

ABHWORTH,  CALEB  (1722-1775X  dissenting  tutor ; 

originally  carpenter  ;  studied  for  the  independent  ministry 

under   Doddridge,  1739,  and  became  heaid  of  Doddridge's 

'  academy,  which  he  removed  to  Daventary,  1752:  D.D. 

'  Scotland,   1759 ;    published    educational    and    religious 

'  works.  [iL  ;^] 

D^ 


A8HWOBTH 


ASHWO&TH,  BENBY  (17an§ll),  n.nr  lieotmi 
prtmnEr.  ISM ;  CHXpel,  1MB ;  die)  o(  wouDdt  lecelTf 
Tuniacu.  [LL 18 


t-ieeo),   opponent   o 


pnbHihlng 
^  Hucn  juiD  mnat  no^iung,  uia  '  i  Btmry  j  v  /  1600, 

[IL  3S7] 
ASPLIIl,  WILLIAM  Cl8»r-17S8),  lliralogtad  ;   B.A. 
TrinHy  CDllB^e,  Oifard.  t7UT ;  vlce-piindiriJ,  St.  AUmu 
Hoil:  mUilarychBplnin:  mtKwilidy  ?i™r  of  ambiuT. 

Horley.  and  Bnitliorpp,  OlDacaBlsidilH!;  piibllsl:.-  

logical  writing].  [li.  1S7] 


ITETONY  Qm~l7Ji\ 

LBjden  And  trmvdlul  itbnad  -.  M.D^  t7£u  ;  pb^'BlnliLQ 
Bt,  BirUudomew'l  ami  Cbrlst'd  hogptUla:  iwLiInr 
OoUegeol  Phy^cdaii^ :  left  extensive  Ubnir;  of  EodId* 

Toluino  o(a™k  inscription*.  "  [H.  IM 

Afln:W,   BQBi'N    l».  I97ex  divine;   B.A.  Oifo 


>l  lltcnry  IntUtnt*.  WvUIde- 

flTBTtiuinsol  poems  (1H63-BJ).  '  [SnppLt.Bl] 

ASPINALL.  JA^fej  (d.  leei),  dMns :  ■uoce^nt; 
onnte  o(  Rochdale,  inoiinibuut  of  St.  LuJie's,  Llvenwol 
(18)1).  and  lector  of  Atliorp)^  1»M-«1 :  piiblitbol  aer- 
moni  and  iniMcllaiK'oLiK  grHtLng«.  [IL  IS)]] 

AEPnrWALL,  EDWARD  (if.  WMX  dlilnc;alnail(d 
at  Oambridge ;  chiptalii  tn  Rarl  of  Radnor  :  »nb.dejin  of 
Ohapel  Royal;  prebajdnry  d(  WctminsteTi  ni'l;  piit>- 
Uibad  Uwologlcal  unrk-  [11.  lit] 

ABPIKWAIL,  WILLIAM 
held    Itvinm   of   'Uaghlill.    ] 


Oic  univiml'tj' ;  OD. ;  prabendiuj  of  York.  i«73 ;  obioiDBl 
llTiBga  of  St.  AnlhoUnV  Londou.  and  BeekcntmiD.  XenC : 
originalfd  a  Hcherm  fcr  prarldlng  penilcKiH  to  wEdow?  of 
clergy  and  othen,  whicdi  wai  adopted  □nfucce^afuUy  by 
tile  Merc«n'  CompaDy;  pDhUahcd  theological  workB,  ia- 
clodlDg  'The  PoHibtUly  of  Appuitiont'  (170C).  oos- 
filounl  by  IMoc'b  fabdculvd  itory  of  the  aupearuace  of 
Um  gl;08l  ol  Mn.  Veal.  [(I.  198] 

II.  UlRlCS.) 

?-ntSX  potter  at  Blielton. 
of  Bldeiord  plncclay.  and 

idi  at  Chelwn ;  publieheit 


and  iinbmuisble.  bi 


Uniformity,  l""" 

at  CocItenioatJi :  published  rcligloL 

A8PLAm>,  B0BBRT(17§l-lMIXaultarianmin!>ter: 
Ward  icholar  at  Briatol  aculemy.  when  be  atudled  (or 
haptiaC  udnittry :  pmeeeded  to  Hariiohid  Col)e(|>e.Abenleen, 

r.  GraVd  Pit 


._ „jon>ldend' 

tary,  Sooth  Unltarlaii  8ocl%,  1801 ;  m 

eha|»U  HBckDey,  ItKW-u :  eetaMlibed 

perlodiaals.  Including  tbe '  Monthlir  RepMtwy,'  which  be 


tiUti  ISIM-Sg  :  former!  Obrtitian  1 


pnty-chflimuiu  :  M.P.  for  Brldgen-ator.  1W"|.  mid.lplcr, 
r  Bedfordshin.  o[  n-hlch  county  be  wui  deputy^Iieo- 

ABTLE,  THOMAS  <I71I-l803XanUqnaryand  palm- 
apher  ;  articled  b^  attorney,  tntt  abandoaed  tLe  priH 
Rion  lor  anUiguarianworkand  came  to  Loudon:  F.S.A., 
88 :  gained  notion  of  Hod.  Oeorge  Oimirlllr,  who 
talned  lilm  poet  of  commlstdoueT  tor  regulating  publia 


I  other  ardueologlcal  wcrlis:  conducted  ''na 
Ul  Repoeltory.'  and  contributed  lar^^  to 
gla.'  His  collection  of  mauuscTipls  (tbe -StAwe') 
tlie  Brttilll  Mnwnm.  £1L  «H] 

SY.  B[H  JACOB.  BikOX  ASIXHV  (167B-laMJ, 
nerved  in  the  Netherland*  ;  goremor  nf  Plj- 
I  iBleof  St.  NlE^hoUa,  i&SS;  sent  aa  eergeanW 
itacwtle  to  provide  againit  eipsclad  Saottbdl 
m  at  niaisr.gmera],  IMI,  and  irmi  wiUi  dla- 


ASTLBY 


87 


ATEXN^S 


ttzMtSjOn  daring  the  ciTil  wmr:  made  baron,  1644:  his 
force  rooted,  1646,  and  himflelf  impriacHied  at  Warwick ; 
on  sorrender  of  Oxford.  [iL  SOf] 


ABTLZT.  JOHN  (d.  159SX  matter  of  the  jewel  hooee ; 
hfdd  a  ooolidaitinl  poeitloQ  in  hoosdiold  of  Prlnoees 
BUzabeth  ;  in  Frankfort  daring  Mary's  rdgn  ;  master  of 
iewel  boose  on  Elisabeth's  accession,  1568;  M.P.  for 
-fcf.Mtmi^  1M6  and  1689;  pablished  'Art  of  Riding' 
(1664).  [iL  906] 


JOHN  (17307-1787),  portrait  painter; 
^qMlaf  Hudson:  risited  Borne,  where  he  was  a  companion 
of  (Sr)  Joehoa  Reynolds  ;  on  his  retam  obUUned  patron- 
age o<  Horace  Walpole ;  acquired  great  wealth  by  his  art 
and  bj  jndicioas  marriages.  [U.  907] 


ASTON.  WILLIAM  (17S6-1R00X  Jesuit ;  edacated  at 
St.  Omer ;  joined  Society  of  Jeeos  at  Wattoi,  1761 ;  pro- 
feesor  of  poetry,  St.  Omer,  1761 ;  president,  Little  OoUege, 
Brogea  ;  canon,  St.  John's  cbarch,  Li^ige.  [iL  918] 

A8TRY,  RICHARD  (1682  7-1714),  antiqoary ;  B.A. 
Queens'  College,  Cambridge,  1661 ;  M.A.,  1664 ;  left  in 
manoscript  historical  collections  relating  to  Hantingdon- 
Bhire  (Lanad.  MS.  991).  [iL  914] 

A8TT,  JOHN  (1679?-1730X  dissenting  clergyman; 
minister  in  family  of  the  Fleetwoods,  Stoke  Newington ; 
pastor  to  congregation  at  Moorflelds,  1718-80.  [iL  914] 


ATHSLAED 

Adklard.] 


.,  Sir  JOHN  DUGDALB  (1898-1894X  the 
sporting  baronet:  edacated  at  Winchester,  Bton,  and 
Christ  Church,  Oxford :  serred  in  Crimea,  1864-6  ;  breret- 
major.  18S5  :  pnnnoted  sport  throoghoat  armies  at  Bala- 
Tvtired  as  lieutenant-ccdond,  1869;  raced  under 
of  Mr.  S.  ThdloBson,  1869 ;  succeeded  to  tiaronetcy, 
1878 ;  oooflernttiTe  UJP.  for  North  Lincohishire,  1874-80  ; 
poblifbed  '  Fifty  Tears  of  my  Life,'  1894.    [SappL  L  81] 

ABTLZT,  PHILIP  (1749-1814), eqaestrian  performer ; 
ti^xied  as  cabinet  maker :  joined  Qeneral  Elliott's  light 
borse,  1769  :  became  breaker-in,  and  rose  to  rank  of  ser- 
geant-nmior;  opened  an  exhibition  of  horsemanship  at 
Lambeth,  and  in  1770  a  wooden  circas  at  Westminster ; 
eoboeqofently,  with  partial  saooem,  established  in  all  nine- 
teen eqaestrian  tiieatres,  indading  buildings  at  Paris  and 
Dablin  ;  opened  Astley's  Royal  Amphitheatre,  London, 
1798  (destroyed  by  fire,  1803,  and  rebuilt,  1804) :  died  in 

[U.  207] 

A8T0V.  ANTHONY  (yf.  1719-1781),  dramatist  and 
edooated  as  attorney ;  said  to  have  played  in  Lon- 
don theatres,  bat  principally  toured  in  England  and  Ire* 
land  ;  ddiTered  a  ludicrous  speech  to  House  of  Commons 
i«aivt  ratriction  of  number  of  theatres,  1736.  [iL  906] 

ABTOV,  Sra  ARTHUR  (d.  1649X  royalist  general ;  in 
Baaia  with  letters  of  reconmiendation  from  James  I, 
e.  1618-18,  and  in  camp  of  king  of  Poland  daring  his  war 
against  Turin,  1618-31  :  attended  Ouftavus  Adolphos  in 
the  LUtaen  campaign:  sergeant-nui jor-general  at  banning 
€f  SeoCtish  rebellion,  1640;  knighted,  1641;  oolonel- 
gfloezal  of  royalist  dragoons  on  outbreak  of  ciYil  war, 
1649:  goremor  of  Reading,  daring  the  siege  of  which 
town  be  was  woonded;  governor  of  Oxford,  1643,  and 
having  met  with  an  accident,  164 1,  was  pensioned ;  in 
Ixtiand,  1646 ;  killed  at  capture  of  Drogheda  by  Crom- 
wdL  [ii.  908] 

ASTOV  or  AfiETON.  JOHN  (Jl.  1389).  follower  of 
Wydtlfe :  M.A.  Merton  College,  Oxford ;  one  of  the  Ox- 
font  Wydiflltes  prosecuted  by  Archbishop  Courtney, 
1389;  expeUerl  from  the  university,  recanted  and  was 
readmittel,  1389  :  prohibited  from  preaching,  1387. 

[U.  210] 

A8T0V.  JOSEPH  (1769-1844),  miscellaneoas  writer : 
stfttiooer,  1803,  in  Manchester;  where,  and  Uter  at  Roch- 
dale, he  pubUtbed  and  edited  newspapers ;  published 
plays,  and  other  works.  [U.  911] 


OF    BATH    (19th    century).      [See 


[  (d.  998X  probably  monk  of  Olastonbury  ; 
first  bishop  «  Wells.  909;  archbishop  of  Canterbcury, 


914. 


[IL  916] 


A8T0V.  Sir  RICHARD  (<l.  1778),  judge:  practised 
as  barrteter :  kiDg*n  counsel,  1769 ;  lord  diief-fustice  of 
wimiiwn  pkats,  Ii^and.  1761 :  knighted  and  tnmsf erred 
to  king's  bench,  England,  1766 :  member  of  the  court 
wMdb  dedared  faulty  the  writ  of  outlawry  against 
Wilkes,  1768 :  one  of  the  commissioners  entrusted  with 
the  gnat  seal,  1770-L  [ii.  911] 

AITOV,  Sir  THOMAS  (1600-1646),  royalist ;  educated 
St  Brmeenose  OtDege,  Oxford  :  made  baronet,  1698 :  high 
Acrf  ir  of  Cheshire,  1636 ;  commanded  royalist  forces  at 
Mlddlewich,  1643,  when  he  was  defeated  and  captured,  but 
rriouied  king's  army;  was  afterwards  captured  in  a 
Finnish  in  Staffordshire,  aiKl  died  of  wounds  while  at- 
tempting to  escape  from  prison  at  Stafford ;  published 
•BeBooetranoe  against  Presbytery,'  1641.  [iL  919] 

A8T0B,  WALTER.  Baro5  Aston  of  FoRrAR  (1684- 
HMX  ambassador ;  K.B.,  1603 :  ambassador  to  Spain, 
ItX^  and  1636-8;  raised  to  Soottiah  peerage,  1697. 
FWiw  of  the  poet  Drayton.  [iL  213] 


ATESL8TAH  or  2THEL8TAH  (896-940X  king  of 
!  West-Saxons  and  Mercians,  and  afterwards  of   all  the 
■  English ;  son  of  Eadward  the  Elder,  probably  by  a  mis- 
I  tress  of  noble  birth  ;  crov^-ned  at. Kingston,  Surrey,  996  ; 
crushed  a  coalition  of  minor  kings  formed  to  reeUt  his 
imperial  policy,  and  was  acknowledged  as  overlord  at 
Knmet,  996 ;  obtained  homage  of  wdsh  princes ;  con- 
quered Western  Devonshire,  and  conciliated  Welsh  in 
Wessez ;  invaded  ScoUand,  933  or  934 ;  at  the  battle  of 
Brunanburh  practically  established  unity  of  England  by 
routing  subject  princes  and  Danish  pirate  kings,  who  had 
I  united  to  overthrow  the   West-Saxon  supremacy,  937; 
buried  at  Malmesbnry  Abbey.  [ii.  916] 

ATHERSTOHB,  EDWIN  (1788-1879X  writer  in  verse 
and  prose:  published  'The  Fall  of  Nineveh'  In  instal- 
menta,  1898, 1847,  and  1868 ;  wrote  historical  romances. 

[iL  917] 

I       ATHEBTON,  JOHN  (1698-1640),  Irish  bishop :  edu- 
cated at  Gloucester  Hall  (Worcester  College)  and  Lincoln 
College,  Oxford :  rector  of  Huish  Comb  FloMrer,  Somer- 
,  set :  prebendary  of  St.  John's,  Dublin,  1630  ;  chancellor  of 
I  KiUaloe,  1634 ;  chancellor  of  Christ  Church  and  rector  of 
.  Killaban  aud  Ballintubride,  1636 ;  bishop  of  Waterford  and 
Llsroore.  1636 ;  foimd  guilty  of  onnatural  crime,  degraded 
and  hanged  at  Dubhn,  1640.  [iL  917] 

ATHEBTON.  WILLIAM  (1776-1860X  Weeleyan 
minister ;  president  of  Wesleyan  oonference,  1846 ;  super- 
intendent of  Wakefield  district,  and  chairman  of  liceds 
district,  1849.  [IL  218] 

ATHEBTOB,  Sm  WILLIAM  (1806-1864),  lawyer : 
special  pleader,  1832-9 :  called  to  bar,  1839 ;  advanced 
Uberal  M.P.,  Durham,  1862.  1867,  and  1869 ;  Q.C.,  1862 ; 
standing  counsel  to  admiralty,  1866-9 ;  solicitor-general 
and  knighted,  1859  ;  attorney-general,  1861.       [U.  218] 

ATHLONE,  EARUi  op.  [See  Oinkrl,  Oodrkt  de, 
first  Earl,  1630-1703  ;  Ginkkl,  Frederick  Christian, 
second  Earl,  1668-1719.] 

ATHLinarEY,     first     Baron    (1809-1878).     [See 

SOMERVILLE,  SIR  WiLLIAM  MRRRDTTH.] 

ATEOLE  or  ATHOLL,  Dukr8  of.  [See  Murray, 
John,  first  Duke,  1659-1724 ;  Murray,  Jambb,  second 
Duke,  1690  7-1764;  Murray,  John,  third  Duke,  1799- 
1774.] 

ATHOLE  or  ATHOLL,  Marquibes  OF.  [See  Murray, 
John,  first  Marquis,  1636  ?-1703 :  Murray,  John,  second 
Marquis,  1659-1724.] 

ATHOLE  or  ATHOLL,  Earu)  op.  [See  Durward, 
Alan,  d.  1268;  Stewart,  Walter,  <f.  1437;  Stewart, 
John,  first  Earl  of  a  new  creation,  1440  7-1619 ;  Stewart, 
John,  third  Earl,  d.  1642 ;  Stewart,  John,  fourth  Earl, 
d.  1678.] 

ATEOHE,  JOHN  (d.  1350).    [See  Acton,  John.] 

ATKINE,  ATKINB.  or  ETKINB,  JAMES  (1613  ?- 
1687X  Scottish  bishop :  M.A.  Edinburgh,  1636;  at  Oxford ; 
beneficed  successively  Birsay  (Orkney)  and  Winlfrith 
(Dorset) ;  bishop  of  Moray,  1676,  of  GaUoway,  1680. 

[iL219] 

ATXIVB.    [See  Atkyns.] 

ATDHB,  HENRY,  M.D.  (1558-1635),  physician: 
graduated  at  Oxford  ;  M J).  Nantes :  president  College 
Physicians  six  times  between  1607  and  1625 ;  att«nded 
Henry,  prince  of  Whales,  in  his  last  illness,  1612.  [ii.  219] 


I 


ATKINS 


38 


ATKIHB,  JOHN  (1686-1767),  naval  sorgeon :  In 
actions  at  Malaga  (1708)  and  Vaia  Bay  (1710) :  saUed  to 
Oainea,  Brazil,  and  West  Indies  with  expedition  to  pat 
down  piracy,  1721-8;  published  *Navy  Surgeon'  (1782) 
and  an  accoont  of  his  voyage.  [li.  290] 

ATXnrB,  RICHARD  (16697-1681),  protestant 
martyr ;  a  catholic  till  nineteen  years  of  age :  in  Rome, 
1681,  where  his  denunciations  against  the  chorob  issaed 
in  Ills  torture  and  death  at  the  hands  of  the  Inquisi- 
tion. [iL  220] 

ATZIKB,  SAMUEL  (A  1787-1808),  marine  painter; 
contributed  to  Royal  Academy,  1787-96  ;  in  East  Indies, 
1796-1804 ;  exhibited  till  1808.  [U.  221] 

ATZIKB,  WILLIAM  (1601-1681),  Jesuit:  entered 
Society  of  Jesus,  1636 ;  rector  of  '  College  of  St  Aloysius,* 
1663  ;  died,  a  victim  of  Gates's  plot,  in  Stafford  gaoL 

[it  221] 

ATKIKBON,  Sir  HARRY  (1831-1892),  prime  minister 
of  New  Zealand  ;  educated  at  Rochester  and  Blaokheath ; 
emigrated  to  New  Zealand,  1865 ;  captain  in  Waitara  war, 
1860-4;  minister  of  defence  in  cabinet  of  Sir  Frederick 
Aloysius  Weld  [q.  v.],  1864-6 ;  took  prominent  part  in 
struggle  between  centralism  and  provincialism,  1874-6 ; 
prime  minister  of  New  Zealand,  1876-7, 1883-4,  and  1887-91, 
and  colonial  treasurer,  1875-6, 1876-7, 1879-83,  and  1887- 
1891 :  K.03La.,  1888  ;  speaker  of  legislative  council,  1891. 
[SuppL  L  83] 

ATKIK80K,  HENRY  (1781-1829),  mathematician: 
assisted  his  father  and  sister  in  management  of  schools  at 
Great  Bavington  (Northumberland),  West  Woodbnm, 
West  Belsay,  Stamfordham,  and  Hawkwell;  settled  in 
Newcaetle-on-Tyne,  1808;  contributed  to  the  Newcastle 
Litenury  and  Philoeophical  Sodety  many  remarkable 
papers  on  scientific  topics.  [iL  221] 

ATKUTBOir,  JAMES  (1769-1839X  surgeon,  biblio- 
grapher, and  portraitist ;  senior  surgeon  to  York  County 
hospital  and  to  the  York  dispensary ;  surgeon  to  Duke 
of  York ;  published  'Medical  BibUography,*  1834. 

[iL  222] 

ATEINBOir,  JAMES  (1780-1862),  Persian  scholar ; 
studied  medicine  in  Edinburgh  and  London;  medical 
officer  on  an  East  Indiaman :  assistant  surgeon  in  Bengal 
aorvioe,  1805 ;  assistant  assay  master,  Calcutta  mint, 
1813-28;  superintendent  of  *  Government  Gkizettc,*  1817, 
and  of  '  PresD,'  1K23 ;  surgeon  to  66th  regiment  native 
infantry,  1833  :  superintending  surgeon  to  army  of  Indus, 
1838-41 :  member  of  medical  board,  1846 ;  published 
tcanslatlons  from  Persian.  [IL  223] 

ATKIH80K,  JOHN  AUGUSTUS  (b.  1776),  painter ; 
taken  at  age  of  nine  to  St.  Petersburg,  where  he  gained 
patronage  of  Empress  Catherine  and  Emperor  Paul ;  re- 
tonied  to  Englan*!,  IBOl :  exhibited  in  Royal  Academy 
between  1802  and  1829 ;  prepared  plates  for  several 
volumes  published  in  Russia  or  England.  Notable  among 
bis  pictures  are  'Battle  of  Waterloo*  (1819)  and  'Seven 
Ages '  (1812).  [iL  228] 

ATEINBOK,  JOHN  CHRISTOPHER  n814-1900X 
antiquary ;  B.A.  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  1888 ; 
vicar  of  Danby,  Yorkshire,  1847-1900;  honorary  D.C.L. 
Durham,  1887 ;  prebendary  of  York,  1891 :  publij<hed 
*  Forty  Years  in  a  Moorland  Parish '  (a  collection  of  local 
legends  and  traditionsX  1891,  and  other  antiquarian 
works,  besides  books  for  childroi.  [SuppL  L  88] 

ATZIK80K,  JOSEPH  (1743-1818X dramatist:  served 
in  army ;  wrote  and  adapted  several  plays  which  were 
produced  in  Dublin,  1786-1800.  [iL  224] 

ATZIK80K,  MILES  (1741-1811),  divine;  B.A. 
Pieterhouse,  Cambridge,  1763  ;  headmaster  of  Drighlingtou 
schooL  near  Leeds ;  minister  in  Leeds  and  neighbourhood, 
1763  tm  death.  [iL  224] 

ATKIKBON,  PAUL  (1666-1729X  Franciscan  friar: 
deflnitor  of  English  province ;  condemned  on  account  of 
his  priestly  character  to  perpetual  imprisonment  in 
Hurst  Castle,  Hampshire,  where  he  died.  [ii.  226] 

ATKIKBOK,  PETER  (1726-1805),  architect  at  York  : 
assistant  to  John  Carr,  to  whose  practice  he  succeeded. 
[li.  225] 

ATXDrSOK,  PETER  (1776-1822X  architect:  son  of 
Ffeter  Atkinson  (1725-1806)  [q.  v.] ;  buUt  bridge  over 
Onse,  Tosk,  1810.  [iL  226] 


ATKIKBOK,  STEPHEN  ijt.  1619%  metallurgist; 
'  finer '  in  Tower  of  London,  1686 ;  silver  refiner  in  Devon- 
shire; obtained  leave  to  search  for  gold  and  silver  in 
Crawford  Muir,  1616,  but  was  unsucoessfuL        [iL  226] 

ATKIKBOK,  THOMAS  (1600-1639),  divine :  scholar, 
St.  John's  College,  Oxford,  1616;  BJ).,  1630;  senior 
proctor  of  the  university;  rector  of  Mip,  1638;  wrote 
lAtin  poems  and  a  Latin  tragedy.  [iL  226] 

ATKIKBOK,  THOMAS  (1801  7-1833X  poet  and  mis- 
cellaneoua  writer ;  bookseller  at  Glasgow.  [iL  226] 

ATKIKBOK,  THOMAS  WITLAM  (1799-1861X  archi- 
tect ;  worked  sncoeesively  an  bricklayer's  labourer,  quarry- 
man,  and  stonemason  :  taught  drawing  at  Ashton-under- 
Lyne :  studioi  Gothic  architecture,  and  in  1827  established 
himself  as  architect  in  London  :  built  St.  Luke's  Church, 
Oheetham  HilL  Manchester :  abandoned  architecture  for 
art  and  travd,  in  the  course  of  which  he  visited  oriental 
Russia,  1848-63 :  published,  1868  and  1860,  volumes  con- 
taining journals  and  topographical  drawings;  F.ILGi)., 
1868 :  feUow  of  Geological  Society,  1869.       [SuppL  L  84] 

ATKIKBOK,  WILLIAM  (d.  1609),  translator:  D.D. 
Pembroke  Hall,  Cambridge,  1498 :  canon  of  Lincoln,  1504, 
and  of  Windsor,  1507 ;  translated  from  French  three  books 
(1602)  of  the  '  Imitation  of  Christ.*  [IL  226] 

ATKIKBOK,  WILLIAM  (1778  7-1839),  architect; 
began  life  as  a  carpenter ;  pupil  of  James  Wyatt ;  aca- 
demy gold  medaUist,  1796.  [IL  226] 

ATKIKBOK,  WILLIAM  (1767-1846),  poetical  writer ; 
B.A.  and  fellow,  Jesus  College,  Cambridge,  1780:  M.A., 
1788 ;  rector  of  Warham  AU  Saints,  Norfolk ;  published 
*  Poetical  Essays,'  1786.  [iL  226] 

ATKYKB,  Sir  EDWARD  (1687-1669),  judge ;  stu- 
dent of  lincoln's  Inn,  1601 ;  called  to  bar,  1614 ; 
governor  of  the  society,  1630;  'autumn  reader,*  1682; 
defended  Prynne  when  charged  before  Star  Chamber 
with  libels  appearing  in  '  Histriomastix  ' :  Serjeant,  1640  ; 
created  by  the  Commons  baron  of  exchequer,  1646 ;  re- 
moved by  the  Lords  to  court  of  common  pleas,  1648 ; 
nominated  one  of  the  judges  to  try  disturbers  of  peace  in 
eastern  counties,  1660 ;  renominated  judge,  1669  ;  creatal 
anew  baron  of  exchequer  and  knighted,  1660.     [iL  227] 

ATKYKB,  Sir  EDWARD  (1630-1698X  judge:  son 
of  Sir  Edward  Atkyns  (1687-1669)  [q.  v.]  ;  called  to  bar 
at  Lincoln's  Inn,  1663 ;  autumn  reader,  1676 :  serjeant, 
baron  of  exchequer,  and  knighted,  1679  ;  lord  chief  baron, 
1686;  refused  allegiance  to  William  III  and  resigned, 
1688. [iL  228] 

ATKYKB,  JOHN  TRACY  (d.  1773).  judge :  caUed 
to  bar  at  Lincoln's  Inn,  1732 ;  cursitor  tiaron  of  ex- 
chequer, 1766  ;  published  (1766-8)  notes  of  chancery  cases, 
1736-64.  [IL  228] 

ATKTKB,  RICHARD  (1616-1677X  writer  on  typo- 
graphy: educated  at  Balllol  College,  Oxford;  travelled 
abroad  with  Lord  Arundell  of  Wardour*s  son  for  three 
years;  raised  troop  of  horse  for  king,  1642;  after 
Restoration  made  deputy-lieutenant  for  Gloucestershire  : 
published,  1660,  a  broadside  by  which  he  hoped  to  prove 
that  the  right  to  printing  belonged  to  the  crown  alone, 
and  to  secure  for  himself  the  office  of  patentee  for 
printing  law  books:  committed  for  debt,  1677,  to  the 
Marshalsea,  whore  he  died.  [ii.  228] 

ATKYKB,  Sir  ROBERT  (1621-1709X  judge;  son  of 
Sir  Edward  Atkyns  (1687-1669)  [q.  v.];  M.A.  Oxford: 
called  to  bar  at  Lincoln's  Inn,  1646  ;  M.P.  for  Evesham, 
1669 ;  made  K.B.  at  Charles  II's  coronation :  M.P.  for 
Eastiow,  bencher  of  his  inn,  and  recorder  of  Bristol,  1661 ; 
judge  of  court  of  common  pleas,  1672 ;  retired  from  bench, 
probably  on  account  of  disaffection  to  Charles  ITs  govern- 
ment, 1679;  resigned  his  reoordership ;  succeeded  his 
brother  as  chief  baron,  1689 ;  speaker  of  House  of  Loids 
(the  great  seal  being  in  commission  X 1689-93  ;  retired  from 
bench,  1694 ;  published  legal  treatises.  [iL  230] 

ATKYKB,  Sir  ROBERT  (1647-1711X  topographer ; 
son  of  Sir  Robert  Atkyns  (1621-1709)  £q.  v.] ;  knighted, 
1663;  M.P.  for  Cirencester,  1681,  and  Gloucetershire, 
1685 :  published  topographical  work  on  Gloucestershire, 
1712.  [ii.  232] 

ATLAY,  JAMBS  (1817-1894X  bishop  of  Hereford ; 
educated  at  Grantham  and  Oakham;  B.A.  St.  John's 
College,  Cambridge,  1840  ;  feUow,  1842  ;  M.A.,  1848 ;  B.D., 


ATMOBS 


89 


AUOHMUTY 


1850 :  D J)^  1869  ;  totor,  IMA-M  ;  vicar  of  Madingley, 
l»47-&3 :  Whitehall  preaober,  1866 :  select  preacher  at 
Ctembridgc.  IflBS  and  1869 ;  rlcar  of  Leeds,  1869-68  ;  canon 
reekie&tiary  at  Bipon,  1861 ;  bUhop  of  Hereford,  1868-94. 

[8appLL86] 
ATXOSI,  CHARLB8  (1759-18S6X  Wesleyan  minis- 
ter :  MDt  oat  by  Wesley  as  Itinerant  erang^st,  1781 ; 
soceesRiTdy  minister  in  many  English  towns ;  president, 
Weslqran  cooferenoe,  1811.  [IL  333] 


EDWARD  (d.  1694),  physician ;  fellow 
sad  HJ).  New  Colkge,  Oxford,  1666  ;  F.G.P. :  physician 
to  Earl  of  Esi«ex :  twice  imprisoned  (1679  and  1686)  for 
sapposed  conoectiOQ  with  conspiraoiee  in  behalf  of  Mary 
Qoeen  of  Scota.  [it  S3S] 

AITAWSLL,  HUOH  (d,  1681).    [See  Atwell.] 


FBANOIS  (1668-178SX  bishop  of 
Rochester ;  son  of  Lewis  Atterfoory  (d.  1693)  [q.  v.]  ; 
edocated  at  Westminster  and  Christ  Church,  Oxford: 
tutor  at  Christ  Ohorch ;  took  part  as  protestant  in  the 
oootrorersy  resulting  from  James  U's  attempts  to  force 
his  religion  on  the  milTeraity,  e,  1687 ;  took  holy  orders, 
1687 ;  kctorer  of  SU  Bride's,  London,  1691 :  chaplain  to 
WHUam  and  Mary,  and  preacher  at  Bridewell  Hospital ; 
gained  connderable  repute  by  his  opposition  to  Rrastianism 
in  chordh  and  state,  and  was  app<rinted  archdeacon  of 
Totztes,  [ocbeEidary  of  Exeter  Cathedral,  and  DJ).,  1701 ; 
chaplain  in  ordinary  to  Anne ;  dean  ctf  Oarliale,  1704 ; 
preacher  at  Rolls  Chapel,  1709 ;  dean  of  Christ  Church, 
171S:  bishop  of  Rochester  and  dean  of  Westminster, 
1713 :  took  part  in  coronation  ct  Qeorge  I ;  leant  towards 
the  JacoWte  cause ;  held  direct  commnnicatUms  with 
the  Jaeobites,  1717 :  imprisoned  in  the  Tower  for  alleged 
oonneetion  witti  an  attempt  to  restore  the  Stuarts,  17S0 ; 
dcpriTad  of  his  afBoes  and  banished:  went  to  Brussels, 
17S3,  and  thence  to  France:  entered  the  service  of 
James  IPs  mo,  the  old  Pretender :  died  In  France ;  was 
boried  privatdy  In  Westminster  Abbey.  [ii.  233] 


r,  LBWI8  the  elder  (rf.  1698X  divine ; 
DJ)L  Christ  Church,  Oxford,  1660;  rector  of  Great  or 
Broad  Bisingtoo,  Oloocestershire,  1664 ;  received  living  of 
ICildktaD-Keynes,  Buckinghamshire,  1667 ;  chaplain  to 
Duke  of  Gloooester,  1660.  [IL  338] 


%  LEWIS,  LLJ).,  the  younger  (1666- 
1731X divine;  son  of  Lewis  Atterbury  (d.  1693)  [q.  v.]  ; 
edocated  at  Westminster  and  Christ  Church,  Oxford; 
B.A.,  1679 :  M.A.,  1680  ;  chaplain  to  lord  mayor  of  Lon- 
don. 1683:  rector  of  Sywell,  Kcnthamptonshlre,  1684; 
LLJ).,  1687;  one  of  six  chaplains  to  IMncesit  Anne  of 
Denmark,  at  Whitehall ;  preacher  at  Highgate  chapel, 
I6M :  eocoeasirdy  rector  of  Shepperton  and  Homsey ; 
potdlsbed  religioas  works.  [UL  338] 


.,  LUFFMAN  (d.  1796),  musician; 
tzained  as  carpenter  and  bnildor,  but  devoted  his  leisure 
to  music;  masidan  in  ordinary  to  George  III;  member 
of  the  Madrigal  Society,  1766.  [U.  339] 

ATTSB80LL,  WILLIAM  (d.  1640),  puritan  divine ; 
B.A.  Clare  Hall,  Cambridge,  1683;  M.A.  Peterhouse, 
1666 :  ooeopied  living  of  bfield,  Sussex,  1600-40 ;  pub- 
lished biblical  oommeDtaries  and  rdiglous  treatises. 

[II.  289] 

ATTBSflOLL,  WILLIAM  (Jl.  1663),  puritan  divine ; 
protMkbly  son  of  William  AttersoU  [q.  v.] ;  ejected  from 
livlBg  of  Hoadley,  Sussex,  1662.  [IL  340] 

ATTWOOD,  THOMAS  (1766-1838),  musician;  as 
chorister  of  Chapel  Haysl  attracted  attention  of  Prince 
cf  Wale»  (George  IV\  who  sent  him  to  study  mn^c  at 
Xaples,  1783 ;  studied  under  Mozart  at  Vienna,  1786  ; 
mnsie  ma^er  to  Duchess  of  York ;  organist  of  St.  Paul's 
sad  composer  to  Chapd  Royal,  1796.  [il.  340] 

ATTWOOD,  THOMAS  (1788-1866),  political  reformer ; 
SOD  of  a  Bimdngfaam  banter ;  entered  his  father's  bank, 
e.  1900 ;   captain  in  volunteer  infantiy,  1803-6  ;   high 
bailiflF  of   Birmingham,  1811 ;  agitated  successfully  for 
n!peal  of  orders  in  council  restricting  British  trade  with 
Qootlnent  and  United  States,  1813-13 ;  opposed  in  several 
pamphlete  policy  of  reducing  paper  currency  when  specie 
was  fcarce,  c  1816  ;  founded,  1830,  '  Birmingham  Poll- 
tkal   Union    for  Protection  of   Public    Rights,*  which 
«Bpported  Earl  Grey's   government  during  passage  of 
lleferm  Bill ;  returned  to  pariiament  as  one  of  two  mem- 
ben  for  Birmingham,  1833 ;  supported  Daniel  O'ConneU, 


1883 ;  allied  himself  with  the  chartists,  and  presented 
(1889)  their  *  national  petition '  to  House  of  Commons. 

[SuppL  L  86] 
ATWATER,  WILLIAM  (1440-1631),  bishop  of 
Lincoln  ;  probably  fellow  of  Magdalen  Cc^lege,  Oxford, 
1480 ;  D  D.,  1493  ;  vice-chancellor  of  the  university,  1497 
and  1600  ;  temporarily  chancellor,  16U0  ;  deau  of  Chapel 
Royal,  1603  ;  canon  of  Windsor  and  registrar  of  order  of 
Garter,  1604 ;  prebendary,  Salisbury  Cathedral,  1609 ; 
chancellor  of  Lincoln,  1606-13,  and  prebendary,  1613 ; 
ar^deaoon  of  Lewes,  1609-13,  and  of  Huntingdon,  1614  ; 
bishop  of  Liuoohi,  1614.  [U.  341] 

ATWELL,  ATTAWEL,  or  ATTEWELL,  HUGH 
{d.  1631X  actor ;  played  In  first  representation  of  Jonson's 
'  Eplcoene,' 1609 :  member  of  AUeyn's  company.  [11.241] 

ATWOOD,  GEORGE  (1746-1807),  mathematicUn ; 
educated  at  Westminster  and  Trinity  College,  Cambridge ; 
third  wrangler  and  first  Smith's  prizeman,  1769 ;  fellow 
and  tutor ;  M.A.,  1773 ;  F.R.S.,  1776  ;  occupied  a  poet  In 
connection  with  the  revenue  after  1784 ;  phbllshed 
mathonatical  works.  [IL  343] 

ATWOOD,  PETER  (1643-1713),  Dominican  friar: 
several  times  imprisoned,  and  finally  executed  on  account 
of  his  sacerdotal  character.  [ii.  243] 

ATWOOD,  THOMAS  (d.  1798X  chief  judge  of  Do- 
minica, and,  later,  of  the  Bahamas ;  probably  author  of 
'  History  of  Dominica,'  1791.  [iL  242] 

ATWOOD,  WILLIAM  (d.  1706  ?X  English  barrister  ; 
chief-justice  and  judge  of  court  of  admiralty.  New  York, 
1701 ;  suspended  on  charges  of  corruption  and  mal- 
administration, 1702,  and  returned  to  England ;  published 
statement  of  his  '  Case '  (1703X  and  many  political  books 
and  pamphlets.  [iL  342] 

ATJBERT,  ALEXANDER  (178O-1806X  astronomer; 
educated  for  mercantile  career  in  Geneva,  Leghorn,  and 
Gknoa ;  director  and  governor,  London  Assurance  Com- 
pany, 1763;  F.R.S.,  1772;  F.S.A.,  1784;  built  private 
observatory  at  Loampit  Hill,  near  Deptford,  1786,  and  at 
Islington,  1788.  [IL  248] 

AUBIOKT,  Seigneurs  op.  [See  Stuart,  Sir  John, 
first  Skiokkur,  1366  7-1429;  Stuart,  Bkrnahd,  third 
Seigneur,  1447  ?-1608 ;  Stuart,  Esms,  sixth  Skiunsur, 
1642?-1688;  Stuart,  Charles,  tenth  Seigneur,  1640- 
1673.] 

AUBREY,  JOHN  (1626-1697X  antiquary ;  grandj^on 
of  William  Aubrey  [q.  v.] ;  educated  at  Trinity  College, 
Oxford ;  entered  Middle  Temple,  1646 ;  brought  to  light 
megallthic  remains  at  Avebury,  1649  ;  F.R.S..  1668  ;  loi$t 
most  of  his  property  through  litigation  and  extrava- 
gance, 1662-77 :  empowered  by  patent,  1671,  to  make 
antiquarian  surveys  under  the  cn^^na  ;  formed  large  topo- 
graphical collections  tn  Wiltshire  and  Surrey;  left  in 
manuscript  much  antiquarian  and  historical  matoial. 
Including  '  Minutes  of  Lives,'  which  was  used  largely  by 
Anthony  it,  Wood.  [ii.  244] 

AITBSSY,  WILLIAM  (1629-1696),  civilian;  B.C.L. 
Oxford,  1649;  fellow  of  All  Souls';  principal.  New 
Inn  Hall,  1660;  professor  of  civil  h»w,  1663-9:  D.C.L, 
1564 ;  advocate  in  court  of  arches ;  chancellor  to  Arch- 
bishop Whitglft;  master  In  chancery.  [ii.  345] 

ATJCHER,  JOHN  (1619-1700),  royalist  divine ;  edu- 
cated  at  Cambridge;  fellow  of  Peterhouse,  but  ejected 
for  loyalty ;  D.D.,  1660 ;  rector  of  All  Hallows.  Lombard 
Street,  London,  1663-86  ;  published  religious  works. 

[il.  246] 

ATJOEINLEGK,  Lord  (1706-1783X  [See  Bobwkll, 
Alexander.] 

ATJ(7HIN0TrL,  Lord  (1663  ?-1591).  [See  Bellfn- 
DEN,  Sir  Lewis.] 

ATJCEKUTY,  Sir  SAMUEL  (1766-1822),  general ;  bom 
In  New  York :  volunteer  with  45th  regiment  on  outbreak 
of  American  war,  1775;  eni<ign,  1777;  lieutenant,  1778; 
came  to  England ;  adjutant  of  52nd  regiment  in  India, 
1783;  captain,  1788;  brigade-major,  1790 ;  served  against 
Tippoo  Sultan  and  at  Seriugapatam,  1790-2;  deputy- 
quartermaster-general,  Calcutta,  and  brevet-major,  1794 ; 
brevet  lieutenant-colonel,  1795  :  military  secretary  to  Sir 
Robert  A bercroniby,  1795-7:  returned  to  England,  1797; 
lieuteuant-colonel,  10th  regiment,  1800 ;  adjutant-general 
to  Abercromby  In  Egypt;  K.B.,  1803;  commandant  in 


ATJOKIuAHTD 


40 


AUSTIN 


Iflle  of  Tbanet,  and  oolond,  lOSrd  regiment,  1806;  in 
Buenoi  Ayree,  1806-8 ;  major-general,  1808 ;  and  com- 
mander-in-chief at  Madraii,  1810 ;  ooloneU  78th  regiment, 
1811;  returned  to  England,  1813;  lleatenant-general ; 
commander-in-chief  in  Ireland  and  Irish  privy  oouncillor, 
1821.  [ii.  846] 

ATJOKLAHD,  Eabl  of  (1781-1849>.  [See  Edbn, 
Gborok.] 

ATJOKLAND,  Babons.  [See  Bdex,  William,  first 
Baron,  1744-1814 .  Bdkn,  Gboroe,  second  Baron,  1784- 
1849 :  Edrx,  Robert  John,  third  Babon,  1799-1870.] 

ATJDSLAY.    [See  Awdelat.] 

ATTDnrST,  PHILIP  (1766-1887X  line-engraver ;  ap-  , 
prentioed  to  John  Hall ;  engraved  portraits  for  Harrison's 
*  Biographical  Magazine '  and  other  works.         [ii.  248] 

ATJDLBY,  Barons.  [See  Touchet,  James,  seventh 
Babon,  flrat  creation,  1466  ?-1497 ;  Touchet,  James,  first 
Baron,  third  creation,  1617  7-1684.] 

ATTDLSY,  EDMUND  (d.  1624X  bishop  of  Salisbory; 
B.A.  Lincoln  OoUege,  Oxford,  1463 ;  prebendary  of  Here- 
ford, 1464,  of  Salisbary,  1467,  of  Llncohi,  1472,  of  WeUs, 
1475,  and  of  York,  1478 ;  canon  of  Windsor,  1472 ; 
archdeacon  of  East  Riding  of  Yorkshire,  1476,  and  of  Bs»ex, 
1479 ;  bishop  of  Rochester,  1480 ;  translated  to  Hereford, 
1492.  and  to  SaUsbory,  1502;  chancellor  of  order  of 
Garter.  [IL  248] 

AUDLEY,  ALDITHEL,  or  ALDITHBLSY,  HENRY 
DB  (d.  1246),  royalist  baron ;  lord-mardier  and  constable 
on  Welsh  borders,  1228.  [IL  249] 

AUDLEY,  HUGH  ((/.  1662X  moneylender ;  held  a  poet 
in  oonrt  of  wards;  amassed  great  wealth  between  1606 
and  1662.  [IL  249] 

AUDLEY,  ALDITHEL,  or  ALDITHELEY,  JAMES 
DE,  knight  (</.  1272X  royalist  baron  ;  son  of  Henry  Audley 
[q.  v.] ;  lord-marcher :  defeated,  along  with  Prince  Ed- 
ward, by  Llewelyn  and  some  English  barons  at  Hereford, 
1263 :  oppoeed  Simon  de  Montfort's  government,  1264 ; 
joined  GloaoeBter  In  royalist  cause,  1265 ;  josticiary  of 
Ireland,  1270.  [IL  249] 

AUDLEY  or  AUDELEY,  JAMES  dk  (1316  7-1388X 
a  *  first  founder'  of  order  of  Gartn-,  1344;  served  with 
Black  Prince  in  France,  1346 ;  took  part  in  the  naval 
battle  off  Slnys,  1350  ;  again  with  Black  Prince  in  France, 
1354-6  ;  one  of  commanders  of  French  expedition,  1869  : 
governor  of  Aqiiitalne,  1362 ;  grand  seneschal  of  Poltoo, 
1369.  [Ii.  260] 

AUDLEY,  THOMAS,  Bakon  Audley  of  Walden 
(1488-1544X  lord  chancellor ;  probably  studied  at  Magda- 
lene College,  Oambridge ;  town  clerk  of  Colchester,  1616 ; 
M.P.,  1523 :  entered  Middle  Temple ;  autumn  reader,  1526 ; 
member  of  Princess  Mary's  council,  1626;  attorney  of 
duchy  of  Lancaster ;  groom  of  the  chamber,  1627 ;  mem- 
ber of  Wolaey's  hons^old ;  chancellor  of  duchy  of  I^n- 
caster  and  speaker  of  House  of  Commons,  1629 ;  serjeant- 
at-law  and  king's  serjeant,  1631 ;  knight  and  Werner  of 
great  seal,  1532  ;  lord  chancellor,  1633 :  sanctioned  Henry's 
divorce  from  Catherine  of  Arragon,  1633;  presided  at 
trials  of  Bishop  Fisher  and  More,  1536  ;  created  peer,  1638 ; 
K.G.,  1540 ;  carried  through  parliament  acta  for  attainder 
of  Earl  of  Essex  and  for  dlsitolntlon  of  Henry's  marriage 
Mdth  Anne  of  Cleves,  1540 ;  passed  judgment  on  Catherine 
Howard,  1642  ;  resigned  great  seal,  1M4.  [ii.  261] 

AUFESBE.  ANTHONY  (1756-1838).  anUquary; 
edited  the  '  Lockhart  Letters,'  1817.  and  published,  among 
other  works,  translations  from  the  German  and  ItaUan. 

[ii.  864] 
AUOUBTA  SOPHIA  (1768-1840),  princess,  <laughter 
of  George  HI :  bom  at  Buckingham  House,  London  ;  on 
deatli  of  her  fatiier,  received  a  residence  at  Frogmore  and 
Clarence  House,  St.  James's,  where  she  died.  Buried  at 
Windsor.  [U.  265] 

AU0U8TIKE,  St.  (d.  604),  first  archbishop  of  Canter- 
burj' :  prior  of  Pope  Gregory  I's  monastery  of  St  Andrew, 
Rome ;  sent  as  missionary  to  England  with  forty  monks ; 
received  with  tolerance  by  King  Ethdbert,  who  was  after-  , 
wards  converted  ;  consecrated  •  bishop  of  the  English '  at  ; 
Aries ;  founded  monastery  of  Chrlstchurch,  Cianterbnry ; 
organised  missions  into  Western  Kent  and  tjie  East-Saxon  ' 
kingdoqa.  [iL265]      ' 


AUOUBTUB  FREDERIGX,  Duke  op  Subhex  (1773i- 
1843X  sixth  son  of  George  III  and  Queen  Charlotte ;  bom 
at  Buckingham  Palace,  London  ;  educated  at  GKSttiugea 
University;  married,  1793,  Lady  Augusta  Murray, 
subsequently  created  Duchess  of  Inverness ;  mar- 
riage declared  void  under  Royal  Marriage  Act,  1794 ; 
rai£«d  to  peerage  as  Baron  Arklow,  Earl  of  Inverness,  and 
Duke  of  Sussex,  1801 ;  strongly  supported  progressive 
political  policy  ;  grand  master  of  freemasons,  1811 ;  pre- 
sident of  Society  of  Arts,  1816,  and  of  Royal  Society, 
1880-9.  [IL  267] 

AULDBON,  Lord  (d,  1608).  [See  Lton,  Sir 
Thomas.] 

AUNOEKVILLE,  RICHARD (1281-I345X  [See Burt,. 
Richard  de.] 

AUBELIU8,  ABRAHAM  (1576-1633X  pastor  of 
French  protestant  church,  London ;  graduated  at  Leyden, 
1596  ;  published  Latin  verses.  [ii.  268] 

AU8T,  SARAH  (1744-1811X  known,  as  authoress,  by 
name  of  *Hon.  Mrs.  Murray';  published,  1799,  a  topo- 
graphical work  on  Scotland  and  Northern  England. 

[IL268] 

AUSTEH,  Sir  FRANCIS  WILLIAM  (1774-1 865X 
admiral ;  brother  of  Jane  Austen  [q.  v.] ;  served  in  East 
Indies,  1788-1800,  and  in  North  Sea  and  Baltic,  1811-14  : 
roar-admiral,  1830;  vice-admiral,  1838;  admiral,  ISiS ; 
admiral  of  the  fleet,  1863.  [IL  258] 

AUBTEK,  JANE  (1776-1817),  novelist ;  lived  sncces- 
slvdy  at  Steventon,  near  Basingstoke  (where  she  was 
boroX  Bath,  Southampton,  C^wton,  near  Alton,  and 
Winchester  (where  she  died  and  is  buried).  Of  her  novels, 
*  Sense  and  Sensibility'  appeared  in  1811,  *  Pride  and 
Prejudice*  ill  1818,  'Mansfield  Park'  In  I8I4,  •Emma' 
in  1816,  *Northanger  Abb^'  and  *  Persuasion'  post- 
humously in  1818.  [IL  269] 

AUSTEN,  RALPH  (d.  16761  writer  on  gardening ; 
studied  at  Magdalen  C!ollege,  Oxford ;  proctor,  1630 ;  de- 
puty-reglstrary  to  visitors,  1647,  subsequently  reglstrary ; 
published  books  on  gardening.  [IL  260] 

AUSTIN,  (JHARLES  (1799-1874X  lawyer;  educated 
at  Jesus  College,  Cambridge ;  gained  Hulsean  prize  for  an 
essay  on  Christian  evidences,  1822 ;  B  A.,  1824 :  bar- 
rister. Middle  Temple,  1827 ;  joined  Norfolk  chrcuit ;  Q.C., 
1841 ;  abandoned  practice,  1848,  and  lived  In  retirement, 
having  achieved  unprecedented  success  at  the  parliamen- 
tary bar.  [IL  261] 

AUSTIN,  HENRY  (Jl,  1618%  author  of  a  poem 
called  ♦  The  Scourge  of  Venus,  or  the  Wanton  Lady.  With 
the  Rare  Bhth  of  Adonis,'  1613.  [IL  362] 

AUSTIN,  JOHN  (1613-1669X  cathoUc  writer,  under 
pseudonym,  William  Birchlky;  pensioner,  St.  John's 
CX>llege,  Cambridge :  entered  Lincoln's  Inn,  but  was  pre- 
vented by  his  regions  convictions  from  practising  as  a 
lawyer ;  private  tutor  in  Staffordshire  during  civil  war ; 
published  religious  works.  [IL  263] 

AUSTIN,  JOHN  (1717-1 784X  Irish  Jesuit:  entered 
Society  of  Jesus  in  Champagne,  1735;  prefect  of  Irish 
ooUege,  Poitiers  ;  preacher  In  Dublin,  1750.         [IL  264] 

AUSTIN.  JOHN  (/.1820X  Scottish  Inventor;  pub- 
lished works  on  systems  of  stenography  and  stenographic 
music,  devised  by  himself.  [ii.  264] 

AUSTIN,  JOHN  (1790-1869),  jurist;  entered  army 
and  served  In  Sicily,  but  sold  his  commission  and  studied 
law ;  called  to  bar  at  Inner  Temple,  1818 ;  abandoned 
practice,  1825 ;  professor  of  jurispradenoe,  Ix>udon  Uni- 
versity (now  University  CollcgeX  1826  ;  studied  law  in 
Germany,  1826-8;  resigned  his  chair,  1832;  member  of 
criminal  law  commission,  1838  :  commissioned  with  Sir 
G.  C.  Lewis  to  Inquire  Into  state  of  government  of  Malta, 
1886 :  Uved,  1841-3,  In  Germany,  and,  1844-8,  In  Paris ; 
was  made  corresponding  meml)er  of  the  French  institute 
of  moral  and  political  sciences ;  published  *  The  Province 
of  Jurispradenoe  determined,'  1832.  [ii.  265] 

AUSTIN,  ROBERT  {/t.  1644X  puritan  divine ;  pub- 
lished a  tract  defending  parliament  s  action  against  the 
king,  1644 ;  D.D.  [U.  268] 

AUSTIN,  SAMUEL,  the  elder  (/f.  1629X  religious 
poet ;  M.A.  Exeter  College,  Oxford,  1630  :  received  bene- 
fice in  Cornwall ;  pubUshed  *  Austin's  Ununia,  or  the 
Heayenly  Muse,'  1629.  [ii.  269] 


AVWia,  SAMUBL,  tba  jmaga  (jt.  IBU),  poatta]  ' 
WTtUr :  «  of  SuDHl  inatiu  (j(.  ie»)  [q.  t.]  ;  B.A., 
1«M,  WidbuD  CoUf^E,  Oxford,  where  hie  leU-oODOBil 


paUMHl  ■  PuK^rrtck '  0 


I,  ISM),    paiDto- 


[hlblted 


BocfctT  of  Pilnlen  is 
■  uBodnlc  (18I7X 

BARAH    (I799-1MTX     ImulctoT 

f  JofaD  AibUh  (17K)-1SM)  [q.  v.; ; 

uhI  Fmob  UKl  ftlitcd  HTenl 

lli«aiTci  theFopea'  (IMU), 
itloD  in  Ocnnu)' *  (ISWX 
WILLI  A.M     (lUT-laU), 


[tL  ITU] 

ajflSt-TI), 
:     iiLtni       I 


TBe  to  nok  of  IwQlenuit-ooJoiMd ; 

:  executed  for  being  concmted  In 

R  THOMAS  <1e7S-lUTX  patmn  c« 
g:  U.A.  ChilBt  Chnnh.  Oxford, 
be  Bui  of  NoMnghun.  lonl  bUi 

,  IMS ;  ret;red  to  oonliDent,  1S6«.  ' 
tb.  S/J] 

publljilud  Hveral 

,.,.mi»L«i  »g..B.  [ii-irei 

AYLSSBUKT,  WILLIAM  (ISIt-IBHX  tmuletor; 
on  ot  Sir  Ttaomni  Arlaburr  [q,  t.]  :  B.A.  Chrtit  Oburslk, 
>ifaTd,  ISai  :  tnnUBd  III  fnnoe  ud  It>l),  u  tutor  to 


nqtuit.  UuulAtion  of  DarUa'a  *  Hialory  tA 


,  nt  Obarlo  I^ 


tniiLB^l'! 


[U.K»] 

ASSTDT.  WILLIAM  (1;m-17B9),  pbfalclu;  B^. 
Wodham  OciUflEE,  Oxford,  1776;  lectored  on  Anblo: 
.^.,_^ .■^_.,.  n.  ■•--■i-'TniEw',HcBnLtol ;  M ^.,1780, 

.__.._    __.     ..      ,  C.P.Vl7BT';dellTired(17»0) 

tjnialcnlui  Lflttiine,  which  were  pobliebed  17V1, 

AUmK,     WILLIAM    nTlt-ieiOL    engrtiiir    uid 
httEoui ;   h^  pluCov  cidEfly  leuucftpa,  of   imell 
;    dEDiiw  latbs  jeui  erf  tUe  t«ight  drewing  In 
■1  BrtchloD.  [IL  ns] 

;    Ctnnrr   or  (1MI-170S>.      [as 


(IMJ  J-171 


.    [See 


It  BUD5  (d.    1488).      [gee  STKWiKT, 

MAS  WILLIAM  BAZTBR 
9-  el   KiD^BUnd  oongnvvttoiwl  chnich, 


ATLETT,  ROBBBT  (1«83-1IIU?X  RllKtoat  put: 
LL.D.  TrinlC;  Hell.  Cmmbrlilee.  IIU  :  put>U«h(d  relUtooi 
TcnK.  InolDdlng  ■  Tolnme  enUtled  ■  5l>tiH  ipd  Moral 
apecolaUoDi,'  ISM.  [U.  1T»] 

ATUTFK,  JOHN  (1S70-17»).  juilit;  edoottcd  at 
■  New  DoWe,  Oifori  ;  M.A„  17M:  LL^ 


pdTiiega  and  degreee : 


mity  of  Oxford,' 171*, 


Jl  BjIegatUmi  c 


id  deprived  of  bla 


I  '  Oanon  Iaw  '  aod  ' ' 


[IL  «1J 

flltJTe  Wu- 

eTongellcal 


ATLMXR,  GHARLBS  (17Se-18(7).  Irith  iHDll:  oi- 
tervd  Sodet)'  of  Jvni.  Btonybunt  CoUege.  Lancaihlra: 

rector,  01oti^w«    GoU^e,   IrvUnd.  18''"  ■    ^'-   -" 

DubUi  Keikleace.  1B1«,  1H2S.  aud  ISZl ;  1 


Y  Diabcp   Cope,    1777  -.    adopted 

■  the  InfloHice  of  Wffltej  ;  cax»t*  w  ^^T,  ujn- 

-1 :  pmldent  of  prImlUn  W«- 

*,  ISlS-iL  [11-  «*J 

ATZBT,  BBS JiMIN  (d.  17M),  praahjleriaa  minlato' ; 

aonHqaence  ot  Silten'  HkII  oon- 

.     n  [171»),  eod  bgcaoie  phyoldu;  ' 

lar"!  boepilal :  trailee.  Dr.  WiUlKos'i  Ubraij, 

17«-M;H-I>.  [1LJ71J 

ATKBT,  JOHN?  (A  lest). pirate:  ntabllihed  hlm- 

idf  Bt  Penmuid  IvTifd  a  toll  dq  all  fibipB  parsing tliroiigb 

KbI  9fa ;  dUbarvled  hl»  crew  in  Wat  IndiEfl,  and  pusBlbly 

find  m  hiding  in  Bngland.  [11.  t7t] 

A¥MBtr»T,  BOBEBToF(/.  ISM).    [Bee  Robert.] 

[.  LOUIS  JEREUIAB  (177t  7-17M), 


D.D.  "[llfwi]*' 
of  LoDdoD  ;  B.A. 


[taiJ 


WW.] 


ATHOV.  CHABLB8<17IO?-17TO),  I 
to  Ilalf :  OTBanM  o(  St,  Slcbolae,  He 
■    ■  idaa'Basar  od  Mb 


puhliilBlni 


"Z 


at] 

L  VBCocrxm.    [S«e  Yn-VKBroH,  Birrt, 

IrRVnivriiT.irac-lWS:  YEi.rKBTON,W[LLiAHOBiBi.is, 
Imrtb  Yacvvrr,  1814-1883.1 

AiniKLAT,  JOHN  (/,  MMX  canoa  of  numuInT  M 

n.J. ™. .._.     ...  __„    ,,yjj^j 


ATLMZB,  JOHN  (till- US' 
QneeoB-  OttUege,  Oambridfrr,   1, 


Bel  bl  continent ;  retumnl  lo  England,  lUB  ;  a 
dF  Linooln,  IMS;  D.D.  Oxfottl,  lb7A;  biahop  ot  lAoaau, 
1577 ;  became  very  nnpopnlar  owing  to  his  arliltrarj  VHi 
nnamcUiatorj  dlepnltioo ;  hln  pabliibol  wriUngi  are 
chlefij  lennoni  and  devoUonal  worb.  [U.  181] 

ATUOB,  MATTHEW,  Baron  Atlueb  (d.  171D), 
naTml  ooinman(ler-in.ohlef ;  lleatenant,  1A78;  captaEo  lb 
the  HolllenaDean,  IS7»-S»;  commuider  In  battle  oS 
B™chy  Bnd,  ISW;  oommander-in-cbief  at  Baracur. 
1SB1 ;  rcar^dmlcaL  IWS :  Tlce-advinl.  tW3,  and  Dotn- 
tiander.lD.ehtef,  me.  In  Meditemneui;  eomuuuider-la- 
chief  Dlficet,  1708-11  and  1714-lU.  [IL383) 

ATLOFTS,  JOHN  (U.  ISSI),  utirbt;  wrote  'Mar- 
Tell'B  GhOflt,'  a  iatlm  agalnat  Uje  Stoarta ;  poeeiblj  exe- 
cuted for  oomplldty  in  Bj-e  Hooh  plot.  [il.  384] 

ATLOFFB,  Bin  JOSEPH  (l7l)«-tT81),barnDBt:  antl- 


i'.  DoU€g&  O: 


'lading '  Cialer- 


Brtdge,I7 

largely  ;  pablL'thcr]  ' 
1773,  and  projected 

AYLOFra.  WILLIAU  Id.  118b),  lawyer 
bar  at  Lincoln')  Inn,  ]M0  ;  'reader'  at  hin 
aeriout-atlaw,  ig:; ;    wbi    Jndgp  af  qoeen'e 


r.KJi,,  1733;   mcmlm 

!ion   o('    W»tmin»l«r 
BepBFt  of  atate  PBpen, 

he  Aoclcnt  Oharten,' 
jid  other  worlu  which 

[11.  en] 

,  called  to 
Inn,  IBTl: 
benob  In 
[|(.I8»] 


AYIiWARD 


42 


AYTOUN 


ATLWABD,  THEODOllK  (1730-1801 X  mosidAn; 
member  Royal  Society  of  Musicians,  1763 ;  professor  of 
moaic,  Gresbam  College,  1771 :  organist,  St  Oeorge's 
Chapd,  Windsor,  1788 ;  Mas.  Doc.  Oxford,  1791    [iL  S86] 

ATLWOKTH,    WILLIAM  (16S5-1679X    [See  Hab- 

COURT.] 

AYMZB  or  JBTUEJMJBR  (Ethelmar)  db  Yalbkce, 
or  DB  LusioNAN  (d.  1S60>,  bishop  of  Winchester:  son 
of  Isabella,  vidow  of  King  John,  by  Hugh  X,  Ooont  of  La 
Marche ;  came  to  Englsdid,  1S47  ;  received  several  livings 
from  Henry  ni*.  elected  bishop  of  Winchester,  1250; 
election  oonflrmed  by  Innocent  IV,  1351;  incurred 
Henry  UTs  anger  by  refusing  to  be  bound  by  the  grant  to 
the  kuig  of  a  tenth  of  the  clergy's  Income  for  three  years  ; 
made  himself  genendly  unpopular  by  his  violent  be- 
haviour ;  sent  on  an  embassy  to  France,  1S57 ;  nominated 
by  Henry  on  committee  created  by  parliament  of  Oxford 
for  redress  of  grievances,  1358  ;  his  property  seized  on  his 
reftuing  to  swear  to  provisions  there  drawn  up ;  retired 
to  France  and  died  in  Paris.  [ii.  S86] 


DE  VaLKXCB,  Earl  of  PEStBROKE  (</.  1324), 

nephew  of  Bi&hop  Aymer  (cf.  1S60)  [q.  v.]  ;  succeeded  to 
earldom,  1296 :  served  in  Flanders,  1297,  and  in  Scotland, 
1298;  guanlian  of  Scotland,  1306-7;  led  van  of  Ed- 
ward n's  army  against  Bruce,  1306 ;  defeated  Soots  at 
Rathven,  1306,  and  was  defeated  at  London  Hill,  1307 ; 
sided  with  Lancaster  against  Edward  II,  but  vrent  over  to 
the  court  party,  1312  ;  lieutenant  of  Scotland ;  shared  in 
king*s  defeat  at  Bannockbum,  1314 ;  largely  responsible 
for  formal  peace  between  Thomas,  earl  of  Lancaster,  and 
Edward  II,  1318 ;  accompanied  expedition  to  Scotland, 
1328 ;  died  at  Paris  on  embassy  to  Charles  IV.   [iL  288] 


or    AYEEKIN,     RICHARD     de 

{tL  1340?),  diocesan  chancellor;  keeper  of  rolls,  1324; 
chancellor  of  diocese  of  Norwich,  1826,  and  of  Salisbury, 
1889 ;  clerk  of  privy  seal,  1327.  [iL  390] 


or  AYSRMnr,  WILLIAM  de 
(d.  1336X  bishop  of  Norwich  ;  elder  brother  of  Richard  de 
Ayreminne  [q.  v.]  ;  master  of  rolls,  1316-24 ;  made  guar- 
dian for  life  of  Jewish  converts*  house,  1317 ;  captured  by 
Scottish  invaders,  1319,  but  released  a  few  months  later ; 
paiMd  nominee  to  the  bishopric  of  Norwich,  and  conse- 
crated against  King  Edward  IPs  wish,  in  France,  1325 ; 
traasuxer  to  Edward  ni,  1331.  [iL  290] 


I.  JOHN  (/I.  1680-1 700X  penman  :  footman  to 
William  Ai^urst,  lord  mayor  of  London  (1693-4X  who 
paid  for  his  education;  became  teacher  of  writing  and 
acoounte,  St.  Paul's  Churchyard  ;  introduced  the  Italian 
hand  into  England  between  1680  and  1700 ;  he  executed 
and  published  many  caligraphio  works,  including  *A 
Tutor  to  Penmanship,'  1698.  [IL  291]      | 

AYBEB,    PHILIP    (1638-1712X    pamphleteer    and 
writer ;  educated  at  WesUninster  and  St.  John's  College,  ' 
Oxford;  private  tator  in  Buckinghamshire;  published 
many  translations  and  original  works  in  verse  and  prose. 

[iL292] 

ATBTON,  ACTON  SMEE  (1816-1886),  poUttdan ; 
praotjsed  as  solidtor  at  Bombay ;  called  to  bar  at  Middle 
l>emple,  1853  ;  liberal  M.P.  for  Tower  Hamlets,  1867-74  ; 
parliunoitary  secretary  to  treasury,  1868-9 ;  privy  coun- 
cillor, 1869 ;  first  commissioDer  of  works,  1869-73 ;  judge- 
advooate-general,  1873-4.  [SuppL  i.  89] 

ATBTON,  EDMUND  (1784-1808X  musician  :  organist 
of  Southwell  Minster,  1764 ;  gentleman  of  Chapd  RoyaL 
vicar  choral  of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  and  lay  vicar  of 
Westminster,  1764 ;  member  Ro3ral  Society  of  Musicians, 
1766 :  master  of  children  of  Chapd  Royal,  1780-1806 :  , 
Mus.  Doc.  [iL  292]      < 

ATBTOK,  MATILDA  CHAPUN  ( 1846- 188SX  medi- 
cal stodent ;  n^  Chaplin ;  studied  at  London  Medical 
College  for  Women  ;  took  high  honours  at  extramural 
exan^aUons  at  Surgeonp.'  Hall,  Edinburgh,  1870  and 
1871 :  B.  ia.  So.  and  B.  6e.  L.  Paris,  1871 ;  opened  and 
lectured  in  a  school  for  native  mldwivcs  in  Japan,  1873 : 
M  J).  Paris,  1879 ;  licentiate.  King  and  Queen's  CoUege  of 
Physicians,  Ireland;  worked  at  Ro3ral  Free  Hospital, 
London,  and  at  Algiers  and  Montpellier.  [IL  292] 

AYRTON,  WILUAM  (1777-1868X  musical  writer: 
F.R.S.,  F.S.A. ;  son  of  Edmund  Ayrton  [q.  v.] ;  musical 


director  of  the  King's  Theatre,  1817  and  1821 ;  edited  the 

*  Harmonioon,*  1828-88;  published!  *  Musical  Library,' 
1884-6.  [iL  293] 

ATSCOXTGH,  ANNE  (1621-1646X  [See  Aseew,  Anne.] 

ATSOOXraH,  PRANCIS  (1700-1766X  divine;  MJi.. 
Corpus  Christi  College,  Oxford,  1723;  took  orders; 
fdlow,  1729 ;  D.D.,  1736 ;  clerk  of  doeet  to  Prince  Fre- 
derick, 1740;  preceptor  to  Prince  Qoorge  (George  III); 
dean  of  BristoL  [iL  294] 

ATSOOnaH,  GEORGE  EDWARD  (<i.l779X  dramatist 
and  travdler ;  son  of  Francis  Ayscough  [q.  v.]  ;  produced 
version  of  Ydltaire's  *Semiramis,'  Drury  Lane,  1776; 
published  account  of  travels  in  Italy.  [iL  394] 

ATSCOUaH,  SAMUEL  (1746-1804),  librarian  and 
index-maker;  once  working  miller;  overseer  of  street 
paviors,  1770;  bookseller's  assistant  and  assistant  in 
cataloguing  department  of  British  Museum ;  published 
catalogue  of  undescribed  manuscripta  in  British  Museum, 
1782 ;  assistant  librarian,  e.  1786 ;  ordained  curate  of  Nor- 
manton-on-Soar,  Nottinghamshire ;  assistant  curate,  St. 
Giles's-in-the-Fields ;  comi)iled  index  to'  Monthly  Review,' 
1786  (continued,  1796);  joint  compiler  of  catalogue  of 
books  in  British  Museum,  1787  ;  FSJl^  1789 ;  published 

*  Index  to  Shakespeare,'  1790;  dellvoned  the  annual  Fair- 
field Lectiu-es,  1790-1804 ;  prepared  catalogues  (still  un- 
published) of  ancient  rolls  and  charters  in  British  Museum, 
1787-92 :  vicar  of  Cndham,  Kent,  c.  1803.  [iL  294] 

ATSCOnaH,  WILLIAM  (d.  1460X  bishop  of  SaUs- 
bury;  prebendary  of  Lincoln  Cathedr^  1436-8;  bishop 
of  Salisbury,  1438 ;  Henry  VI's  confessor  ;  lived  con- 
tinually at  court,  and  thus  caused  such  discontent  in  his 
diocese  that  on  visiting  it  he  was  murdered  at  Bdingtoa, 
Wiltshire,  after  saying  mass  ;  LL.D.  [iL  297] 

ATSOir  or  AYBGOXrOH,  EDWARD  (/.  1683X  his- 
torian :  BJL  Christ's  College,  Cambridge,  1690  ;  published, 
1607,  history  of  rdations  between  England  and  Scotland 
from  William  I  to  the  Union.  [iL  298] 

AT8CUE,  Sir  GEORGE  (/.  1646-1671X  admiral; 
knighted  by  Charles  I ;  was  a  captain  in  1646 :  appointed 
admiral  of  Irish  seas  under  parliament,  1649;  activdy 
engaged  in  rdief  of  Dublin  when  besieged  by  Ormonde, 
1649  ;  assisted  in  Tednction  of  Scilly,  1661 ;  reduced  Bar- 
bados and  Virginian  settlements,  1661-2  ;  defeated  Dutoh 
in  the  Downs,  and  engaged  them  off  Plymouth,  the  result 
being  indecisive,  1662;  superseded  in  his  command  but 
pensioned,  1662 :  commanded  Swedish  fleet,  1658 ;  ap- 
pointed a  Oommlssioner  of  the  navy  at  Restoration ;  in 
second  Dutoh  \i-ar  (1664-6)  successively  rear-admiral,  ad- 
miral of  the  blue,  and  admiral  of  the  white ;  prisoner  in 
I  Holland,  1666-7 ;  probably  did  not  serve  again  after  re- 
tom  to  England,  1667.  [iL  298] 

ATTON,  RICHARD(1786-1823Xmi8ceIlAneou8  writer : 
educated  for  bar,  but  did  not  enter  the  profession ;  wrote 
and  adapted  play»,  some  of  which  were  produced  with 
moderate  success ;  his  essays  published  1836.      [IL  299] 

ATTON  or  ATTOTJIT,  Sir  ROBERT  (1570-1638). 
poet ;  M.A.  St.  Andrews,  1688 ;  travelled  on  continent ; 
studied  dvil  law  at  Paris :  returned  to  England,  16<.)3 ; 
gimtleman  of  bedchamber  and  private  secretary  to  the 
queen ;  knighted,  1613 ;  ambassador  to  (Germany  to  de- 
liver the  king's '  Apology ' :  competed  for  provostship  of 
Eton,  which  fell  to  Wotton,  1633 ;  master  of  the  royal 
hospital  of  St.  Katherine,  1636:  buried  in  Westminster 
Abbey  :  wrote  poems,  of  no  extraordinary  merit,  in  Latin, 
Greek,  Fnuch,  and  English.  [iL  300] 

•        ATTOUlf,  WILLIAM  EDMONSTOUNE  (1813-1866X 
poet ;  educated  at  Edinburgh  Academy  and  University ; 
'  studied  German  Uteratore  in  Aschaffenburg :  admitted 
I  writer  of  the  signet,  1835 ;  called  to  Scottish  bar,  1840 ; 
j  collal)oreted>»ith  (Sir)  Theodore  Martin  in 'Bon  Gaul  tier 
Ballads,'   published  1846;  joined  steff  of  'Blackwood's 
Magazine,'  to  which  he  .t>ntributal  largely,  1844 :  pro- 
fessor of   rhetoric  and  belles-lettres,  Edinburgh,  1845; 
sheriff    of   Orkney.   1852;    lion.    D.C.L.   Oxford,  1853; 
published  '  Firmilian,'  a  dramatic  poem.  1864,  his  anno- 
tated   collection   of    'Ballads   of   i>cotland,'   1868,  and 
I  (jointly  with  ( Sir)  Thealore  Martin ) '  Poems  nnd  Ballade  of 
!  Goethe,'  IS.'kK.  [iL  302] 


I,  JOH!I   DB  (d.  1331),  ia>U« 
.ooompoalfid  John  U> 

[iLSM] 

[,  KoasR  DE  (d.  me),  iiutice 

lyHuMjIII.  [U.  301] 

lAAX.    [S«  Di  Bux.] 

t.  0HAIU.B9  (ITM-lsni,  nuCtiaiBllelta 
:  tLA.  PeUrtioiue.  Cuubrtdge, 


:  kfter  num*  boCmiisl  ti 
shel  a  'Maniul  ol  Bhtl 

1  *  AnitAls  And  MngAilQe 


Id  Briaeb  ItlnlM 
7'  1S43;  fDODdv, 


, ^    -. ibrid^B.   ISfll  ;  fellow  of 

Unoeu  ud  Oeologial  BocIcUh;  F^A.  1U»  :  F.R&. 
18»]  ;  hli  works  Inclpde  '  Plorm  of  CnjBlKlilgwhira.'  1)(M), 


. _^_ Jd(tB«)OH  fc 

■liuaiflilftartaiMtoUwpntteUiigoltMguiiiJiiDD :  Lb- 
evlu  piciiHar  of  nuUwmmtia,  CumbildEI^  I8IS-3R.  "tiiit 
iVliTaed  DO  Iccturs:  prlnclpu  foander  of  slatlaEic&l 
SocMt.IBH:  publiibedict«naideD(Uc«'nrlu,lDdu<liiiK 

~"^^ Tl  MBllDliCtOnB,'    1S31»  Ud^l'jibjl'    ot    Ta^pi- 

»  Vn^UH  (l«H}!-in3).  prl- 
"  It  Dr.  PnpoBch  ;  <b^ 

nlOrUiehiiniikbail.  "  [UTt^^ 

lAXZL  EDWASD  COLBORNB  (IMI-IMO),  Chlame 
Kbobir:  alDcatnl  it  Ohrtat'i  HoaplUl  uti  Uagdtii-- 
OoOige.  Ctaibridgi ;  B^  IM7 ;  ttndoit  Istsprsla' 


';  I»dj  N 


rnlgnad 


reutoi^tp  of  LlDpoJn,  ti^ng   iiiBpected  of    claadnttiK 
HonuiicaUioiloi>Di,Kiidfled  thsmiDtry.lser  [11.319] 

SABnaTon,    gekvabb    (iua!-ieiox  biibop; 

teUDW,  Trinity  CoLL^  Cunbridge :    ll.A.  Oiford,  lb7S: 
prebenduy  of  llercfot;!^    trafnirer  o(   UuidHfT^  U90; 


fagdiJHie     UrtMd  ■rem  i^gioui 


d  in  Kom,  18U-C :  poUClcal 


. It  ktBhuiA    He  [DkdeuiddeL . ^_ 

iBtatbelnlskrid  Ohiu.  [SuppLLSD] 

^""■i  HKKBY  HB&TBT  (I77»-1U»X  phUidiiBiat ; 
ILA.  OifonL  UOt :  keqw  ot  piinlal  boob  it  Brltlib 
Mnmm,  UU-IT  i  Rdtor  of  S&vtlwn,  Onmbndenhln, 
Un-«S.  [LL  307] 

kABER.  Sib  JOHN  (ieiS-1704X  phjvlcian  to 
ClBCIn  U:  ILB.  Ohitat'i  College.  Oiford.    IMS;  U.D. 


■od  pbjftfEiKa  to 

BAXmOTOH,  A.NTHOXY  (Isel- 
■pinlM:  p«|—  —  "-  — "- '  "-- 


iford,  MM:   F.C, 
.  .  Tl 


dcuntd  ^r  Vulf  ioghun'i  t^it,  u 


_  (Itli-iesi).  dlvUiecDJl. 
'OoUi«e.CuDt)ildge;  rector 

(AlMD.Bothorot  B  voluma 

dCBUug  wltb  gtODKtry  uid  tbe  uk  of  Breworks  for  mill- 
tat;  pnrpoMa,  publiahed  lo  1«3B.  lU.  S14] 

BABIMSTOir,  Sin  WILLIAM  (d.  lui),  judge; 
lilng'K  HtlameT,  IIU ;  Krjeutvt-liv.  MIS.  bat  neglectsi 
to  Hppeu  to  writ  until  oompelled  by  purllimenturj  onlix, 

chief -jiuUn,  1*33,  of  comoion  bnicfa  :  retired.  1U«. 

BABHrOTOB,  WtLLIAU  (17M-1I)33).  pbTaidui  wd 
tnliieraLoglsl ;  Bpproiti™!  w  prBolitlonia- In  Londoodenj, 

fuuDden  mid.  In  isil.  nmidnit  of  OeoloEiisI  Bocicti : 
PJtA;p 
BABT 
ISSSXdi 


BixneTflK.    BENJAMIN    auY 

iDdiui  civil  j^^ioeL  appointed  to  Madm 


d  LeipElfT,  PHTiii^  Algiera,  and 
meroufl  i^auof orte  pi  "~ 


fioB^rital  and  GunbrldHe:  U.D,.1830; 
jtidan  at  Guj'b  HoApitaU  L840-A8; 
BoTal  Hcdial  and  Cliirursi^xl  Suidecy, 


W.  BBUTS  (d.  1610).  bishop;  DA. 

fiOoir,  Cbnrt'i  Coil«(e.  OambridKe,  '-■■•     ' 

-'-'--•  ■ — i;  prebeDdarjof  LichBi 


Harj.  WW. 

UmSTOX,   OBAHLES 


;  blsbop  of 
[it  lli) 

IBOft-lSW), 


B.1.  it.  J^m'i  OoUcer.  Cambridgs,  II 


Sotonulosial  SooMy, 


BACSZ. 
n  BirmlngLE 


Mecling,  lHIJ-.«3.au<: 
.  jamiuii.  mi^-o .  L4X]k  part  in  eflUibUBbiDff 
oday,  1M9  ;  piiblishBl  rellgtoiu  worha.  [i 

BAOHE.    gARAH   (1771  ?-i84t).  h)inu-writl 


[11.317] 


[11.  lit] 

BAOHROFFHZR,  aBOROB  HENRY  (lRI0-lB7tX 
DDO  ot  tbe  founde™  (IBJ?)  ot  Loudon  Polytwhnlc  luiUtd- 
tion.  wbcre  he  lectured  on  scieutidc  iinbjeote.      [11.  3l«] 

BACK,  Sir  GKOnGE  (17H-1R7)1).  sdmiral  and  Arctlo 
uavi^lor;  midi^bipnian,  1B08:  cnptured  by  French  at 
Debs,  laos ;  returned  to  England,  1814  ;  >erra]  agaloit 
" "^    ~~  Hortt  ADKrlcao  station:  admiraltj   mate, 


BACKHOUSE 


44 


BACON 


1817 ;  accompanied  Franklin  on  voyage  of  discovery  to 
Spitsbergen  seas,  1818,  and  in  expeditions  to  Coppermine 
river,  1819 -2S,  and  Mackenzie  river.  1824-7  :  lieutenant, 
188S  :  commander,  1827 ;  led  exploring  expedition  to  Qreat 
Fiflh  river,  1833-5 ;  captain,  and  gold  medallist,  Geographi- 
cal Society,  1836  ;  commanded  an  expedition  to  complete 
coast-line  between  Regent's  Inlet  and  Cape  Tumagain, 
1836 :  received  In  1837  both  medals  of  Geographical  Society, 
of  which  he  was  subseqaently  vice-president  and  member 
of  council :  knighted,  1839  ;  admiral,  1857  ;  F.R.S. ;  pub- 
lished aoooonte  of  his  voyages.  [IL  818] 

BAOKHOUBE,  EDWARD  (1808-1879),  qoaker ; 
wrote  *  Early  Ohorch  History,*  published  posthumously, 
1884.  [IL  820] 

BAGKH0U8E,  WILLIAM  (1593-166SX  Rosicmoian 
^loAopher :  educated  at  Christ  Church,  Oxford  ;  adopted 
Blias  Ashmole  as  hia  son ;  left  in  manuscript  (Ashmol. 
MSS.)  translations  in  verse  and  prose  of  French  works 
on  occult  philosophy.  [ii.  320] 

BAOXWELL,  EDWARD  (d.  1683),  London  goldsmith 
and  banker  at  Unicom,  Lombard  Street ;  probably  chief; 
originator  of  system  of  banknotes  ;  had  financial  dealings 
with  Cromwell ;  alderman  for  Bishopsgate  ward,  1657 ; 
sent  to  Paris  to  receive  money  for  sale  of  Dunkirk  to 
French,  1662 :  after  treaty  at  Dover,  1670,  was  a  frequent 
intermediary  in  money  tran<«actions  between  Charles  II  and 
Louis ;  sued  by  several  creditors,  a  large  sum  being  due  to 
him  from  the  exchequer,  which  Charles  II  had  just  closed, 
1672 ;  took  refuge  temporarily  in  Holland  after  judgment 
had  been  given  against  him  ;  M.F.  for  Wendover,  1679  and 
1680.  [li.  321] 

BACON,  ANN,  Ladt  (1628-1610),  mother  of  Francis 
Bacon  [q.  v.]  ;  associated  M^ith  her  father.  Sir  Anthony 
Cooke,  a.-^  governess  when  he  was  tutor  to  Edward  YI ; 
married  Sir  Nicholas  Bacon  [q.  v.]  c.  1667 ;  won  great 
repute  for  her  learning  ;  translated  Bishop  Jewel's 
*Apologie  for  the  Church  of  Enghmd,'  1564.        [it  383] 

BAGON,  ANTHONY  (1568-1601X  diplomatist,  elder 
son  of  Sir  Nicholas  and  Ann  Bacon  [q.  v.]  ;  educated  at 
Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  1673-6:  'ancient*  of  Gray*s 
Inn,  1676 ;  at  Burghley's  suggestion  toured  on  continent  in 
search  of  political  intelligence,  1679-92 :  M.P.  for  Walling- 
ford,  1693 ;  entered  service  of  Earl  of  Essex,  1593,  and 
became  his  private  *  under-secretary  of  state  for  foreign 
aflEairs,*  in  which  capacity  he  was  in  communication  with 
spies  and  ambassadors  in  all  parts  of  Europe :  lived  with 
Essex  at  Essex  Hoa%,  by  the  Strand,  1696-1600 ;  M.P.  for 
Oxford,  1597 ;  he  was  generous  beyond  his  means,  and 
frequenUy  in  embarrassed  circumstances.  [ii.  324] 

BACON,  EDWARD  (d.  1618),  sheriff  of  Suffolk ;  thiid 
son  of  Sir  Nicholas  Bacon  [q.  v.],  *  ancient*  of  Gray*8 
Inn,  1676 ;  M.P.  succ&wively  for  Yarmouth,  Tavistock, 
WQrmouth,and  Suffolk  ;  sheriff  of  Suffolk,  1601 ;  knighted 
1603.  [U.371] 

BACOK,  FRANCIS,  first  Baron  Yerulau  and  Vis- 
COUNT  St.  Albans  (1661-1626),  lord  chancellor:  younger 
son  of  Sir  Nicholas  Bacon  (1609-1679)  [q.  v.] :  educated 
at  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  1673-6  :  admitted  to  Gray*8 
Inn,  1676 ;  attached  to  embassy  of  Sir  Amias  Paulet  to 
France,  1576-9 ;  utter  barrister,  1682 ;  M.P.,  Melcombe 
Regis,  1684 ;  wrote  *  Letter  of  Advice  to  Queen  Elizabeth,* 
urging  strong  measures  against  catholics,  e.  1684 ;  M.P., 
Taunton,  and  bencher  of  Gray's  Inn,  1686  ;  M. P.,  Liverpool, 
1689 :  made  acquaintance  of  Earl  of  Essex,  who  subse- 
quently treated  him  with  great  generosity,  c.  1591 ;  M.P., 
Middlesex,  1693 ;  queen's  counsel,  1696  :  published  *■  Essays,' 
1697;  M.P.,  Southampton,  1697  ;  appointed,  among  others, 
to  investigate  causes  of  Essex's  revolt,  and  was  largely 
responsible  for  the  earl's  conviction,  1601 ;  nominated 
king's  counsel  and  knighted  by  James  1, 1603 ;  one  of  the 
commissioners  for  arrangement  of  union  with  Scotland, 
and  confirmed  as  king*s  counsel,  1604 ;  published  *  Advance- 
ment of  Learning.'  1606  ;  married  Alice  Bamham,  1606 : 
solicitor-general,  1607 :  published  *  De  Sapientia  Yeterum,* 
1609  ;  supported  James*B  claims  in  connection  with  the 
*  great  contract,*  by  which  the  king  was  to  receive  a  fixed 
income  in  exchange  for  tliat  derived  from  feudal 
tenures  and  other  sources,  1610  :  attorney-general,  1613  ; 
chief  prosecutor  at  trial  of  Somerset,  1616:  privy 
councillor,  1616 ;  lord-keeper,  1617  ;  wrote  *  New  Atlimtis  * 
between  1614  and  1618;  lord-chancellor  and  raised  to 
peerage  as  Baron  Yerulam,  1618;  took  court  side  in  pro- 
secution of  Raleigh  (1618),   of   Suffolk  (161B),  and  of 


Yelverton  (1620);  published  *  Novum  Oi^num,'  1620; 
made  Yiscount  St.  Albans,  1621 ;  charged  before  House  of 
Lord<(  with  bribery;  confessed  that  he  was  guilty  of 

*  corruption  and  noglect ' ;  deprived  of  great  seal,  fined, 
condemned  to  confinement  during  the  king's  pleasure,  and 
disabled  from  sitting  in  parliament ;  remahied  in  Tower 
only  a  few  days,  the  fine  being  subsequently  assigned  by 
the  king  to  trustees  for  Bacon's  own  u.se ;  publisthed  *  Life 
of  Henry  YII,'  1622,  *De  Augmentis  Scientiarum'  (the 

*  Advancement  of  Learning*  completed  and  translated 
into  Latin),  1623,  and  an  enlarged  edition  of  the  *  Essays,* 
1626 ;  engaged  on  '  Sylva  Sy  I  varum '  at  the  time  of  his 
death. 

Baoon*s  works  may  be  divided  into  three  classes,  the 
philosophical  (which  form  by  far  the  greatest  portion),  the 
literary,  and  the  professional  works.  The  principal  and 
best  known  of  the  philosophical  works  are  :  (1)  Uie  *  Ad- 
vancement of  Learning,*  published  in  English  in  1606; 
(2)  the  *  Novum  Organnm,*  published  in  Latin  in  1620, 
under  the  general  title  *  Francisoi  de  Yerulamio  .  .  . 
Instauratio  Magna,*  with  a  second  Utle  (after  the  preface) 

*  Pars  secnnda  operis,  quae  dicitur  Novum  Organum  sive 
indicia  vera  de  interpretatione  naturse' ;  and  (3)  the  'De 
Augmentis,*  published  in  Latin  in  1623  with  the  tiUe 

*  Opera  F.  Baconis  de  Yerulamio  . . .  Tomus  primus,  qui 
oontinet  de  Dignitate  et  AugmenUs  Scientiarum  libros 
ix.'  It  was  Bacon's  ambition  to  create  a  new  system  of 
philosophy,  barad  on  a  right  interpretation  of  nature,  to 
replace  that  of  Aristotle ;  the  '  Novum  Organnm  *  de- 
scribes t^e  method  by  which  the  renovation  of  knowledge 
was  to  be  achieved,  and  is  thus  the  keystone  to  the  whole 
system.  The  *  Advancement  of  Learning,'  of  which  the 
'De  Aagmentis*  may  be  regarded  as  an  enlarged  edition, 
was  included  in  the  *  Great  Instauration*  as  a  preliminary 
review  of  the  present  state  of  knowledge.  Of  Baoon*8 
literary  works,  the  most  important  are  the '  Essays,*  first 
published  in  169.7,  and  issued  in  final  form,  1626;  *De 
Sapientia  Yeterum,*  published  in  1609;  'Apophthegms 
New  and  Old,*  published  in  1624;  and  the  'History  of 
Henry  the  Seventh,*  1622.  The  largest  and  most  important 
of  his  professional  works  are  the  treatises  entitled  '  Maxims 
of  the  Law  *  and  *  Reading  on  the  Statute  of  Uses.* 

[iLS28] 
BACON,  Sir  FRANCLS  (1687-1667X  judge;  studied 
at  Barnard's  Inn  and  Gray's  Inn ;  called  to  bar  at  Gray's 
Inn,  1616;  autumn  reader,  1634;  serjeant  at  law,  1640; 
knighted  and  appointed  judge  of  king's  bench,  1642  ;  sole 
judge  at  trial  of  Lord  Macgiiirc,  1646  ;  retired  after 
Charles's  execution.  [it  360] 

BACON,  Sir  JAMES  (1798-1896),  judge ;  called  to  the 
bar  at  Gray's  Inn,  1827;  member,  1833,  and  barrister, 
1846,  of  Lincoln's  Inn ;  bencher,  1846 ;  treasurer,  1869 ; 
took  silk,  1846 ;  under-secretary  and  secretary  of  causes 
to  master  of  rolls,  1869 ;  commissioner  in  bankruptcy  for 
London  district,  1868 ;  chief  judge  under  Bankruptcy 
Act,  1869-83  ;  vice-chancellor,  1870-86  ;  knighted,  1871 ; 
privy  councillor,  1886.  [Siippl.  L  93] 

BACON,  JOHN  id.  1321),  judge :  attorney  to  Queen 
Eleanor,  1279 ;  guardian  of  Ledes  Castle,  Kent,  1291 ; 
justice  of  common  pleas,  1313 ;  served  on  several  Legal 
commissions.  [iL  361] 

BACOK,  JOHN  (d.  1346).    [See  Baconthorpk.] 

BACON,  JOHN,  R.A. (1740-1799),  sculptor;  appren- 
ticed as  modeller  in  china  factory,  1764-62 ;  later  in  an 
artificial  stone  factory ;  student  at  Royal  Academy,  on  its 
foundation,  1768,  and  received  the  first  gold  medal  awarded 
for  sculpture,  1769  ;  gold  medallist.  Society  of  Arts,  and 
A.R.A.,  1770.  Among  his  works  may  be  mentioned  the 
monuments  to  Pitt  in  Westminster  Abbey  and  to  Dr. 
Johnson  in  St.  Paul*s  Cathedral  [ii.  361] 

BACON,  JOHN  (1738-1816),  junior,  and  afterwazrls 
senior,  clerk  in  first-fruits  departaient  of  Queen  Anne*s 
Bounty  ofSce;  published  improved  edition  of  Ecton's 
'Thesaurus  rerumeoclesiastlcarum.'  [ii.  362] 

BACON,  JOHN  (1777-1859),  sculptor;  son  of  John 
Bacon,  R.A.  [q.v.];  gold  medallist.  Royal  Academy, 
1794 ;  executed  monuments  in  Westminster  Abbey  and 
St.  Paul's  Cathedral.  [ii.  362] 

BACON,  MONTAGU  (1688-1749),  scholar  and  critic ; 
fellow-commoner  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  1706 ;  M.A. 
per  litertu  regiat^  1734 ;  rector  of  Newbold  Yerdun,  1748  ; 
wrote  *  Critical,  Historical,  and  Explanatory  Notes  upon 
Hiidibras,*  published  1762.  [iL  368] 


BAOON 


CoO^B,  ambridgc  (6 


;  f  Cudlfll  paLuUuff  Id 


atoas,  KATHAHIEL  (d.  KiS),  utierlS  or  NartDlk : 
»«nl  vm  o1  &fj  NldjoU*  fitcm  [q.  tJ;  'uiol«i]t'  of 
armft  IML  1476  :  M.P.  luoHiinlT  (or  Alflllook,  Kor- 
iDlIc  asd  Lynn:  tbaiS  of  Kniolk,  1»»;  liDlgbted, 
l*>*.  [U.  Sill 

BAOCn.^BiH  NATHANIELM.  IJHO),  [wlntCT :  iimiid- 

1AC0¥.  N&THAMBL  O'>S~)B*0).  ptirtUa;  tult- 
tinicti>T  of  Fnocli  Bhiid  ud  «il  of  Sr  Nlctaolu  Biuna 

HI*  ;  J^.for  Ban;  noorderof  [pswlcb, ukd pBrtupi of 

Bjtt  -.t  EdnuDdi;  meinber  of  Suffolk "■—  *— 

dE-buK  a«Kliucni;iU(ti :  SLP.  focQu  ' 
l«u.  uBl  tot  IlMvicl^lUB■Ddl(lHl: 
darlDjf  Riclun]  Gnnnw^'i  bnit«:t4mt 
lerijcAj  niBoorvj  of  tlw  Unliormitj  of 
BngluiJ  from  Bdvuil  III  to  HllutH?! 
u>t  m  poaihlj  a: 
EfUUof  F 

BACOK.   oJbu  torTK 
i«7«>.   ta«r  soiTirmtn.] 

BACOK,     KATBAI<IKL    IlMI?-II7B),     Vlivli 
■--  ■  aunl  0™!"*  Ino,  lOBI;  cinignud  --  — 


[U.  371) 

B1X»M,  FHANUEL  (ITOO-nU).  dlilne  uiddmiik- 
ii«;  SI  J.  MigdalcD  Collogt.  Oifoni,  IJ«;  B.D,  17!1 ; 


U.COX,  PHn.RMON(J.  lMB),ii«T«lc«plBln;(oiurbt 
11  KUoa-  wllh  DuMh  off  LowMloft  Mid  Nortll  Foreland. 
11  th(  mnl  of  vhicb  be  vu  killsl.  [II.  372] 

UOOK.  WCEA-RD  MACKENKIH  (ITJS-ISMX  oiiisl- 


■(WHtn-ifllmleal  Uagailiw.'  I818-M  ^  pnblijbol  niBBJ 
liinmiili-jl.  niailail,.Dd  mlvifUuKDiu  WDIk>.  [li.  37i] 

UCOI.  KOBBRT(d.  19<S),  flret  DoDllnian  writer  in 
Ijxli&l :  bmtbFT  or  imclc  of  Batter  Bmam ;  itodled  Hi 

l«n«rer  in  lu  BchooLi  at  Oiforf :  pabLdj  rebuked 
Bmry  III  (or  tdl  foudaiM  (ot  foreign  (»TQont«,  Dotably 
rrt"  de  Rorbfv,  IIU  ;  urole  unoDg  other  works  h  1I(o  erf 
Blmanrl  Rich.  [U.  jjj] 

UCOV,  BOOBR  (llH?-ltMX  phUoKipber;  ■CudiM 
■t  OxTonluid  Puis.  h-bereh«probabI;gT*diiftt(d  doctor: 
^rmjird  u>  Em^bkDd  r.  13&U ;  ikud  pro^bly  remaloed  at 


propoKlUoiu.  e.  1>TS-M: 
wrote  &IH  on  cbemlitiTud  ulclicmj.  |iL  171] 

BAOOH,THOMA9(*11M).  justice  of  common  dIsm: 
niHil  to  klntCi  bench,  iSjJ.  [IL 178) 


ELL,    TH0UA3  <1 


s-ita). 


BAOON.  al 

l»ait.    [Sw  »i 

BAOOH,  THOMAB  iJl. 
Jobu   Dacoil  (177T-lBt*)  [<|,  v.]  ;  ' 
Acadcm;,  17«9. 17M,  uil  17H. 

BAOOItTHOBPB,     BAOOX, 

(d,  IMS),  11     -     ■      ■ 

B»«m[q.  r...         ,       . 
Walilnghnm :  gmdiulal  ■ 

iwt/W,- .- ,  ,-    - 

Iheklnulj:  benlofOnnnilllavdD'inEiieUnd,  119 
vrcDt  lo  Rome,  ItU ;  ntuniHl  to  BngUod.  ISU  : 

Ibe  bibk,  on  ArbtDtlc^   worta    ua 
'  •Dbiuu.  [il.  a7tl] 

{d.  M10).Iullanl ;  blielinnltL  or  Ullor 


>.1M«:  hlcb aWmd <]< L 

ETtai,  uL  IIH;  V^Tj  eomulUor  lod  knlgbC:  miTai 
PKtoil  lo  BitQiclse  Joritdlctliio  of  lad  ebatioeUor,  IBB9; 

.  _^ t«ig«ll«»lliirja[a«rt,UioaBb 

-  '■-"  Is   HM  ■Dd   1(70  to 


loinul    ciUbllnhal    chorch  ;  ailmU  of   Bro 

lltenry  DugvlocA,  portlcalarly  tbc  '  Montb 

:.  BOBKKT  (lJ33-lIM).oii 


IILM] 


It  of    forri^   Eootmen ;    thv 


[dBjed  Opbells  at  Dra 
Luw,  176ft;  *  popDlar  i«liig«T  Bt  Buielikgb  uid  TaoihiD; 
plBjed  bi  Bdloburgb.  lieS-B.  [11.  3SS] 


\g  with  legal  procoEdlngi 


[SeeSTKWAR 
GBORaB  (IB4r-19BS>.    [Ses 


BASOSR, 


trenlled  In 


BADZN-POWXLL,  SI 

BASBW,  RIOnAns  (Jl.  lilO-lSM),  romder  of  Uol- 
Tcnltj   Wall,    GunbrUin;    chanoellor    of    Cambridge, 
[ILJ»1 
OEOHGK   PBBCT    <iait-18SS), 

Arabia  :' studied  »t  ^nrch    SltKlOPary  Soi-.c. 
tloo,  Ifllinjfton :  print,  l^i  ;  seuC  att  jlele^w 


elude  u-Bnglldi-Ai 


BADHAM 


46 


BAGOT 


BAPHAM,  CHARLES  (1780-1845),  medical  and 
poetical  writer ;  M.D.  Bdinbargh,  1802 ;  L.R.O.P.  London, 
1803;  M.A.  Pembroke  College,  Oxford,  1812;  M.D., 
1817 ;  F.R.S.,  and  P.R.C.P.,  1818 ;  censor  of  College  of 
Physicians,  1821 ;  physician  to  Doke  of  Sussex  and  to 
Westminster  general  dispensary  ;  travelled  extensively 
in  Europe;  professor  of  physic,  Glasgow,  1827;  wrote 
Harveian  oration,  delivered  1840  ;  published  medical  works 
and  a  verse  translation  of  Juvenal.  [iL  386] 

BADHAM,  CHARLES  (1813-1884),  classical  scholar ; 
son  of  Charles  Badham  (1780-1846)  [q.  v.]  ;  educated 
at  Eton  and  Wadham  College,  Oxford ;  M.A.,  1839  ;  studied 
in  Germany  and  Italy;  MJL.  St.  Peter's  College,  Cam- 
bridge ;  ordained  priest,  1848 ;  D.D.,  1862 ;  headmaster, 
Louth  grammar  school,  1861,  and  of  Edgbaston  proprietary 
Bohool,  1864 ;  hon.  Litt.D.  Leyden,  1860 ;  examine  in 
classica,  London  University,  1863 ;  profe^or  of  classics 
and  logic,  Sydney  University,  1K67 ;  died  at  Sydney.  He 
published  editions  with  notes  of  Plato,  and  some  plays  of 
Euripides,  also  critical  essays  on  Shakespeare.    [IL  886] 

BADHAM.  CHARLES  DAVID  (1806-1867),  natora- 
Uit ;  educated  at  Eton  and  Oxford  ;  F.RC.P. ;  successively 
held  curacies  in  Norfolk  and  Suffolk  ;  published  works  on 
natural  history.  [iL  387] 

BADHET,  RICHARD  (d.  1667X  admiral;  parlia- 
mentary captidn  aiMl  commander-in-chief  in  Downs  and 
North  Sea,  1649-61 ;  in  Mediterranean,  1662  ;  engaged  the 
Dutch  off  Elba  with  partial  success,  and  again,  in  con- 
junction with  Appleton,  off  Leghorn,  with  disastrous  re- 
sults ;  returned  home,  1663,  was  acquitted  of  blame  and 
made  rear-admiral ;  served  on  the  northern  coast  of  Africa, 
1654-6  ;  vice-admiral  of  fleet  in  Downs,  1656.      [ii.  388] 

BJBDA  (673-736).    [See  Bbde.] 

BAFFIN,  WILLIAM  (d.  1622),  navigator  and  dis- 
coverer ;  probably  native  of  London ;  sailed  in  expedition 
to  Greenland,  1612 ;  entered  service  of  Muscovy  company, 
and  was  chief  pilot  in  expeditions  to  protect  Spitsbergen 
fisheries,  1613  and  1614 ;  pilot  in  North- West  passage  ex- 
pedition, 1616,  and  on  his  return  gave  it  as  his  opinion 
uiat  a  passage  existed  up  Davis  Strait ;  made  charts  of 
waters  nortib  of  Davis  Strait  on  a  subsequent  voyage, 
1616,  and  declared  that  there  was  no  Nortii- West  passage 
in  that  direction ;  joined  service  of  Bast  India  Company, 
1617 ;  master's  mate  in  Red  Sea  and  Persian  Gulf,  1617- 
1619;  master  in  Persian  Gulf,  1690,  where  he  was 
in  an  engagement  with  Dutch  and  Portuguese ; 
kiUed  at  siege  of  Kishm  in  an  expedition,  arranged  by 
the  Persian  government,  to  expel  Portuguese  from  Onnuz ; 
wrote  accounts  of  most  of  his  voyages.  [il.  389] 

BAOABD  or  BAOOABD,  THOMAS  (d.  1644), 
civilian ;  canon  of  his  college  (afterwards  Christ  Church), 
Oxford,  1626 ;  admitted  to  College  of  Advocates,  London, 
1628 ;  chancellor  of  diocese  of  Worcester,  1632  ;  canon  of 
Worcester,  1641.  [ii.  391] 

BAOE,  ROBERT  (1728-1801X  novelist ;  educated  at 
Derby,  and  attained  proficiency   in  Latin ;  trained  as 

Eaper-maker ;  founded  paper  manufactory  at  Blford,  which 
e  carried  on  till  his  death ;  continued  his  education  and 
gained  considerable  knowledge  of  modem  languages ;  he 
published  six  novels  between  1781  and  1796,  several  of 
which  were  translated  into  (German.  [ii.  891] 

BAQEHOT,  WALTER  (1826-1877),  economist  and 
journalist ;  educated  at  Bristol  and  at  Cniversity  College, 
London,  under  Professors  Long  and  De  Morgan  ;  B.A. 
(London)  with  mathematical  scholarship,  1846;  M.A. 
and  gold  medallist  in  intellectual  and  moral  philosophy  and 
political  economy,  1848 ;  called  to  the  bar,  1862 ;  spent 
some  months  in  Paris ;  entered  his  father's  shipowning 
and  banking  business,  1862 ;  contributed  essays  to  *  Pro- 
spective Review,'  and,  after  1866,  to  '  National  Review,' of 
which  he  was  an  editor ;  editor  of  *  Economist,*  1860,  till 
death;  published  'The  English  Constitution,'  *  Physics 
and  Politics,'  and  works  on  economical  questions. 

[ii.  393] 

BAOFOBD,  JOHN  (1650-1716),  s^hoemaker  in  London 
and  professional  collector  of  books  ;  fonnei  collection  of 
broadsides  known  as  the  '  Bagford  Ballads,'  and  brought 
together  a  number  of  tiUc-pages  and  engravings,  to  ob- 
ttan  which  he  mutilated  many  rare  volumes.      [IL  396] 

BAOOALLAT,  Sir  RICHARD  (1816-1888),  judge; 
MjL.   Ctonville   and   Caius   College,    Cambridge,    1842; 


Frankland  fellow,  1845-7 ;  honorary  fellow,  1880 ;  called 
to  the  bar  at  Lincoln's  Inn,  1843  ;  bencher,  1861 ;  treasurer. 
1875 ;  took  silk,  1861 ;  counsel  to  (Cambridge  University, 
1869;  M.P.  for  Hereford,  1866-8,  and  for  Mid-Surrey, 
1870-75 ;  solicitor-general,  1868  and  1874  :  knighted,  1868 : 
attorney-general,  1874 ;  justice  (afterwaids  lord-justice)  of 
appeal,  and  privy  councillor,  1875 ;  retired  from  bench, 
1886.  [SuppL  L  96] 

BAGKJERLET,  HUMPHREY  (A,  1664),  royalist 
captain  in  service  of  James,  sevenui  earl  of  Derby,  of 
vrhase  final  hours  he  wrote  a  narraUve.  [U.  896] 

BA(H}8,  CHARLES  MICHAEL  (1806-1845),  catholic 
bishop  and  antiquary ;  educated  at  Sedgeley  Park,  at  St. 
Edmund's  College,  Hertfordshire,  and  at  the  English  col- 
lege, Rome ;  remained  at  Rome,  1824-44 ;  won  many  aca- 
demic honours;  D.D.  and  ordained,  1830;  teacher  at 
English  college;  rector,  1840;  'cameriere  d'onore'  and 
later,  monslgnore  to  Pope  Gregory  XYI ;  bishop  of  Pdla, 
1844 ;  vicar-apostolic  of  western  district  in  England,  where 
he  arrived  1844 ;  acquired  great  reputation  as  a  oontro- 
versialLst  at  Rome  ;  published  works  on  ecclesiastical 
archaeology,  and  dissertations  on  points  of  religious  oon- 
troversy.  [iL  396] 

BAONAL,  Sir  HENRY  (1666? -1598),  marshal  of 
army  in  Irdand,  son  of  Sir  Nicholas  Bagnal  [q.  ▼.] ; 
educated  at  Jesus  CoUege,  Oxford;  knighted  1678:  held 
command  ui^er  Artliur  Gr^,  baron  Grey  de  Wilton, 
1580 ;  member  for  Angles^  in  English  parliament,  1586 ; 
marshal  of  the  army  in  Ireland,  and  privy  councillor, 
1690 ;  chief  commission^'  for  government  of  Ulster,  1591 ; 
quarrelled  with  Hugh  O'Neill,  earl  of  Tyrone  [q.  v.],  who 
had  married  Bagnal's  sister  Mabel  against  his  wish; 
slain  in  action  with  Tyrone's  men  on  BLackwater. 

[SuppL  L  95] 

BAONAL,  Sir  NICHOLAS  (1510  ?-1690  ?X  marshal 
of  army  in  Ireland ;  gentleman  pensioner  of  Henry  Vm ; 
served  in  Ireland,  1639-44,  and  in  France,  1644 ;  marshal 
of  army  in  Ireland,  1647-53;  with  lord-dieputy.  Sir  Ed- 
ward Bellingham  [q.  v.],  defeated  Irish,  1648 ;  knighted, 
1661 :  M.P.  for  Stoke-on-Trent,  1669 ;  reappointed  mar- 
shaL  1666,  with  Sir  Henry  Sidney  [q.  v.],  as  deputy ;  chief 
conmiiasioner  for  government  of  Ulster,  1684  ;  member  for 
CO.  Down  in  Irish  parliament,  1686  :  resigned  office  of 
marshal  to  his  son,  1690.  [SuppL  L  96] 

BAGNALL,  GIBBONS  (1719-1800X  poetical  writer, 
graduate  of  Oxford  and  Cambridge  ;  vicar  of  Holm  Lacy, 
Herefordshire ;  prebendary  of  Herefoid,  1760 ;  rector  of 
Upton  Bishop  ;  vicar  of  Sellack,  1783 ;  published  poetical 
writhigs.  [ii.  398] 

BA(H)T,  Sir  CHARLES  (1781-1843),  governor-general 
of  Canada  ;  brother  of  William  Bagot,  second  baron 
Bagot  [q.  v.] ;  educated  at  Rugby  and  Christ  Clhurdi, 
Oxford ;  M.A.,  1804 ;  entered  Lincoln's  Inn,  1801 ;  M.P.  for 
Castle  Riding,  1807 ;  parliamentary  under-secretary  for 
foreign  affairs,  1807 :  minister  plenipotentiary  to  France, 
1814,  and  to  United  States,  1816-20 ;  privy  oounciUor, 
1816 ;  G.C3.,  1820 :  ambassador  to  St  Petersburg,  1820, 
and  to  the  Hague,  1824;  governor-general  of  Canada, 
1841 ;  inaugurated  representative  government,  for  whidt 
he  was  censured  by  Lord  Stanly;  requested  recall* 
and  died  in  Canada  soon  after  arrival  of  his  succesacnr.  Sir 
(Tharles  Thoophllus  (afterwards  baron)  Metcalfe  [q.  ▼.] 

[SuppL  L  98] 

BAGOT,    LEWIS   (1740-1802X  bishop ;  educated  at 
Westminster  and  Christ  Church,  Oxford;    M.A.,  1764: 
canon  of  Christ  Church,  1771 ;  held  livings  in  Sussex  ; 
D.C.L.,  1772;  bUhop  of  BristoL  1782;  translated  to  Nor- 
wich, 1788,  and  to  St.  Asaph,  1790.  [ii.  399] 

BAGFOT,  RICHARD  (1782-1854),  bishop;  educated  at 
Rugby  and  (Thrist  Church,  Oxford ;  M.A.,  1806  ;  D.D.,  1829 ; 
fellow  of  All  Souls' ;  rector  of  Leigh,  Staffordshire,  1806, 
and  of  Blithfield,  1807 ;  canon  of  Windsor,  1807,  and  of 
Worcester,  1817 ;  dean  of  Canterbury,  1827-46  ;  biahopof 
Oxford,  1829-45,  during  which  period  he  reluctantly  played 
a  part  in  the  Oxford  movement ;  bishop  of  Bath  and  Wdls, 
1845  :  published  charges.  [IL  899] 

BAGOT,  Sir  WILLIAM  (yf.  1397),  minUter  of 
Richard  II ;  one  of  the  '  sounerains  conseHlers '  left  in 
charge  of  the  kingdom  on  Richard's  departure  for  Ire> 
land,  1399  ;  committed  to  Tower  after  Richard's  resigna- 
tion. [U.  40U] 


BAOpT.    WILLUM,  aesmd  Bums  Biuor  (17;j- 


.i^.u,  IBM;  Mlav  ol  Booimy  of  Antiqqi 
Jam  HorticQlBinU,  uhI  Swloglinl  aortrti™. 

HMtHAT.  OHHISTOPHKR  (d.  IU(l?rp^ 
^  ud  pnteUonB-  Wlow.  B.UI0I  OoUeKt  lijlonl 
Un;lLA^  lt7A^  prtucltHt.'^lanrviitjir  TTjill  1  fltq  ■  ^»r. 
»  ft»»M«l ;  flOBTBTtaShl 

D^  Fkito:  ----- 


u.  1GM-a :  publlnbot  woria  doling  wiih 
BUS  qoatioM,  [11.401] 

EDWiRD,  the  joungrr  (iaj»-Ig71), 
Iwitil  fionhnw  [d.  IKi)  !a.  T.liaJa- 
«r  rmd  Clinit  Oharcli,  Orford ;  M.A. 
"  '"  ""■  MJi,  Ouabridsc  14M: 
*-'—  lUC  ;  ordalnoj 


fcmJtr.  IM*:elBpliilnMBul  of  il  laliij     in 

Mr  Hdiaoa,  lEU-t,  ud  afdn,  HMrT&r  wfiulni^to  taki 

««»  dud ;  pDliltebnl  DuntniTadat  and  other  rellKioai 

gAWHAT.  HBKRY(18Sl-jr091,  JIyIm;  br«)»roi 
■SwKd  B*«>lHw  (1«S»-1MI>  [q.  t.f;  eddnuid  at  Wnl- 
»IB««rM>d  Chrln  Obnrch,  Onlonf;  M.A,lli4J;  DJ}., 
1«71:  cbulaiD  td  sir  Hlcb»rd  P»Dihi»  laas.  to  .rch 
l^^otT^  ISM,  «d  u,  LonitcirSS«  Sbj.  Kji  ■ 
■™*Tdj  iB*aid«7  of  Yuf I:  nod  Dnrtwrn ;  publWiert 

-.???^?^1,^'^^^"  (lOM-lTM).  dlvtae';  kDOWB 
?!JJl.^S°^'^"*'^^^  ■'™'"  Ll(K«.;rtn™tBjat 


"*«.■  KM  ;  puWishai  »L«  two  [lOcnH.  [iL  JOa] 

»>£"^  WTLLIAM  BALVOUH  (IMMSM).  nalu- 
™;«»d  plulolOBisl:  M.D.  Bdlnftnr^h;  Hilmrt  n.vj- 
-vhUb  MBliWrnUHxn  wui  j«  Haatar 

^  In  1«S7,  Kheu.  trine  left  by 
llinji :  publiabal  HDrkx  rclatiiie  to 
r._u^  .  ^    ..|^  HaiiBft  and  Faliulde 


U,lB!l-4: 


rs-priunun.  Iflig  u»d 

«lvBl  pauioD  rram  tbe  qaecii,  iMfl  :  nuDllitaed  ciutlisl 

works.                          ^ 

[ii.  W7J 

BULXT  or  BAILY   JOHN 

(l(M»-ie»D,prot«luit 

dlaentbiBniliililcr ;  b^n  to  pre 

in  LuncMter  (or  non- 

wHit  la  Induid,  »ben 

haling  the  ooontiTiHiilgimtHl  id  New  BngUnd.  ISU: 

■otaUts  la  Baton,  ISBl,  WbIkk 

BoHtomWIB. 

[IL  40T] 

BAILBT.  Jf.HK  <17)0-1B1B 

gTsvFT;  tuior.taod  BQnejor.Diiii 

B  Im<l  TmikETriUe  at  <:hll]]riHL 

ni.    Having  milUvilei 

■  tosti;  (or  eugimviiw,  Im  nocuU 

[iL««] 

BAILET.  JOnS  BOLINOTOH  (18«-ie8§X  anU- 
quuj  :  in  tfae  Dnn  of  RaUl  Bntben,  llaDchstor.  tUI 
IS96  ;  admitted  toEodoty  of  Autlauu1s»1874:  boDcnrj 
wcretarjr  of  tlietliaqi  Bodrty.  Manobntn,  He  oooM- 
bntol  to  the  •  DicUooary  of  Vitionat  Blograpby '  and  pob- 
liihol  ontlquartan  and  oUm  wntiogs.        [SuppL  L  B»l 

BAILET,  N^ATHANor  SATlliXIBLfrf.  17«),leil- 
rogrmphn ;  kqil  a  boaiding-tch™!  at  stepney  :  pobluhed 
an  etymolo^cal  Bngliab  dlctiuutuy,  171],  and  oUier 
pbUologlOBj  ngrke.  Lli-*U»1 

HAILSY,8AMDE[.(17ai-18;o),phUoiophK«lwrtler; 


Oeld  UtETary  ai 
SheAdd  BanUni 


.  FUiiwiiibira 


t  Oompany.  n 

I  tbt  PbilDBophy  of  the 
[il.4(iBl 
BAILXT,      THOMAS     (WKD-ISUX     miacelluMoai 

™"_^l"??"!^i  impnelor  ami  editor  of  -NotUnghain 
I  relaUng  lotcyo- 


i-g  poUtioa  ai 


[U.lll] 


pri&onel  ii 


S  or  BAILLT.  nilARLES  (lM3-lfl!Sl,  Di 
en  Uuy'B  lioUHebolil  1  probably  n  "■ 
leecentaflcotT  arnxtr.!  at  Dover  wU 
I  proposid  rlBini!  in  Mary's  hrtail.  II 
UankalKea  and  Bfttncarda  bi  To 


1BB2:   aherin   of' 


""T.I.TK,  Lilly 

CiDguLthnl  bmieir  In 

falber,  Sir  Patrieit  Hunw.  a 
RobiTl  BaiUle  [q.  v,J :  Uytd 
mmt  at  Utrecht,  and  retornod 


[ii.  41  J] 

KIIT{J.1S14X  lord higb  trfflsiirer 
iveljr  incumbent  o(  Tbaokcrtoii, 
ii™.  pretwudaty  of  CnmnocJ:  and 
i|M  blgli  inn,urer  of  Sootland. 

RIZEL  (ioM-i;4ex  pMi«:  dis- 


bli  Wend  the  patriot 

hintland  at  llfflloistion ; 

[Q.  tli) 
Bfil),  Scottish  diamaUet 
in-;  publlibBd  'Fugitive 


*"")  liWory  of  Orknej 
UILZT.    [E« 


[11.  I1MI 


»»il.SI,  JAUEri  (rf.   ie«l|,  cia».H!al  •u^bl 
■ni(rOi>i;«e,cauibrtdmlSU:BioWDS  OK 


.  stDnirj  Lane,  1810.    Inadditji 
puhUdhvd  dvveni  poenm,  Bottga,  and  dn 


■liMKOus  Plays.'  18S0  : 
■lily  UtteiBi,'  was  pro- 


SAHUG,  JOHN  (177S-18M),  ™ 
IndJii,  1)93;  limLeaiini 


.  Fort  WillUoi  O 
kiKl  political  v^Dt  daring  Ua' 
LDcknow.lKUr-lS;  retired  and  Kl 
P.,  Hsdoo.  IHSO-M,  iDveniee.  1: 


BBde  tn  laiS.  iiml  of  a  tlslt  lo  PortBgal. 
H-reTkl  paeClckl  pltm.  [iL  tUI 

lATTHSW   (im-iaiS),    morbid    aro- 


Balliol  Collcse,  Oitonl,  and  dnrlo^  nc 
madisln  In  Iflndon  undo'  Dc.  William  1 
I1«l ;  pluiioiaii  to  Bt,  Onrge'g  HoBpltHt, 
and  F.&P,  ITW  i  P.RB. ;  publlihtd  ■  MorK 
■ome  ol  the  uuut  Importaat  Partfl  of  tliv 
(tbamitc  ud  abdomtiisl  argwu  uvl  the 
phfildui  eitnardioai?  to  OeorKe  ILL  Uo  Is 
montoJ  in  Wdtuilufitfr  Abbcr  by  a  bast  apd  insc 
[11 
BAILUS,  BOBBRTIlBeg-lMSXprobytEriao 
>LA,  GlanHowi  r«»ivel_  epiMopal  onliiiatloa; 
if  piillDtopbyt  Glasgow 


^^^rlih- 

t  Kilwtnn 

srtgli™ 

•.;  principal.  OlisfowDnlTenlty,  II 
rendal  and  otticr  Iticologlcal  worlra. 


BAILLIE,  nOBBRT  (d.  1B8I|,  pntrtnt :  an  object  nl 
piuplcioD  to  tlie  ruling  episcopal  piirty  Iji  Sootlaod,  ami 

Uuialth  Innoceat,  for  alleged  oomplidtjr  In  Kje  Honae 
plot;  Imprlaoaedf  and  Dltlmately  banged  In  Kiln- 
borgb.  [U.4Si; 

BAILLIE.  THOMAS  (d.  1803),  navy  captain  :  lleu- 


[  pab]lril)«d  cliarges  a^ns'.    . 

at  the  boepltal.  wafl  d^>rlFcd  of  bla  ofllc 
a  trial  for  libel,  1778 :  defeodod  by  Erakini 


BAOTBBIOa 


BAILLIE.  WILLIAM  <n!B-19l(i),>i 


ner  of  EIanJp^  1773-911  -.  rUhal  many  plats,  ebirtr 
Zeu"  '  [IL  4!»] 

BAILLIE.  WILLIAM.  LoliD  FoLXEsulEt  (d.  ISI«X 
gcottub  lod^e,  1791-lBll  ;  lulvoc^itf,  IW.         iiL  4U] 
lAHUE-OOCEBAlfX,  ALBXANDKR  D.  R.  W.  O, 
Banos  LimsuTON  {1B18-1«IKJ).    [See  CocHit*™- 


tumed  to  Scotland.  1 


',  FBAKCIS  (1774-lSllX  utnmam 
»,  iri>6-8 ;  entered  bito  partoerahlp  V 
UBWW,  tWS  and  1810;  bii 


momleJ  Society,  of  w 

c    Hv  fpor 

Ilmu  pi«bJ 

ait;    tetirad  Irom  boslncij,  1 

r"ciuCS 

ailnoci^aM 

IncIudiDstb 

i^"^^ 

■ImpMedta 

latorwlBotionotabem 

and^refon 

m  ot  Uie  ■NanUcal  Alma 

RcdvadilM 

J.  for 

repctltloE  o( 

tj ;  hod.  D.O.U  DnblUi 

18U, 

S-'iSS 

vtcfrpretlden 

lima 

lOdg     TllB. 

preridatanl 

tn«u«r  of  tbeBoyal  Society 

[11.  an 

apprenticed  t 


(1810-1877),  tdi^mpbio 


lUt-7,  and  ueg-n.  CU.  4!4] 

BAILLIB,  WILLIAM  (A  >MB).  SoottUb   general; 
-  '  '  '  '      'of  raiment  of  Dutcb  foot,  1S39 ;  re- 


ai^UiBt  Uontroee,  and  waa 
lytb.  tfi4fi  ;  lieutenant-general 
iltoii  at  Proton,  104B. 

(if.    17SS).  lieutenant-colonel 
Company;   ""' — *  """"■  '-■■■-  -^ — 


witli  Uuiiro,vai  delcatol  by 

;n  prlsoaci,  ITW  1  died  in  aptlTity  at 
tlL  4SS]      . 


ng  of  clock. ;  lu.eolsi  electric  Bre-alarau,  and.  in  184t, 
±e  aulomaUc  ctaemlcul  leli«rapb.  [IL  483] 

BAinSRIDOE.  CHBISTOPHBK  (US4?-1M4X  arcb- 
Msbop  o(  York,  and  cardinal ;  pro.ont  o[  QuBm-B  CoU« 

leucon  of  Surrey,  IBOl ;  prebendary  and  dean  of  Yor^ 

Dioliop  of  Durham.  Ifiu7  ;  archblnbop  of  York.  1A08; 
tniQaaaadcr  from  Hcury  VIII  to  pope,  ItOS ;  cardlul, 
lilULLJ).  Cil.4M] 

BAIKBBISGB,  JOHN  (li83-lS13),  pby^ician  aid 
■itrouomcr;  M.A.  Emmanuel  College,  Cambridge,  1MI7: 
M.D..  1814 ;  L.O,P..  1618 ;  first  Savillan  profeHor,  OifoRI, 
iel9:  M.D,. Oiiont.  1624  ;  junior  (l«l)and  ■enlar(UU) 
reader  of  Unacre's  lecture.    He  published  aitraiinniBd 


LiiibrigK  (lS4ll-16ue>  [q.  t 
bl7;   moiter  of  Catlicr^e'UaU,  c.llt7:   prebcodaijij 
BAIHBaiOOorBATNBBISQE,  RBatNALD  (IHt- 


49 


of  Appleby  Orammar  School,  1574-1606. 
BDes  bearing  andeiit  ixworiptloDS  in  North- 
umberland, Oamberland,  and  Weetmorelaud,  while  aeveral 
papen  rdatiag  to  theM  coouties  iu  the  Gottonian  MSS. 
are  attritaoted  to  him.  [ii.  4S4] 


lay  coUegeB ;  author  of  nnmerous  controvenrial  writings, 
sermons,  lectnres,  and  pastoral  charges.  [UL  489] 

BAINEB,  BOGER  (1646-1633)l    [See  Batkbr.] 


.,     THOMAS    (d.    1646%    master    of 
Ghrtefs  Goikgei,  Cambridge ;   master,  1690 ;  rioe-chan- 
caOor  of  the  oniwriity,  16S7 ;  perhaps  aatborised  KUton*fl 
or  expolKiim  from  his  ooUege.  [iL  435] 


r,   BAKBBB)OXf    or 

THOMAS  O03t6-17OSX  protestant  controversialist:  M.A^ 

1661 ;  proctor,  1678 :  DJ).,  1684 ;  feQow  and 

o(  Trinity  OoUege :  M.A.  Oxfbrd,  1669 :  ricar 

of  Gbesterton ;  rector  of  Orwdl ;  paUiahed  protestant 

pamphleti.  [U.436] 


8m  THOMAS  (16SS-1680X  physician; 
friend  of  Sir  John  Finch,  M.D. ;  MA.  OhristS  College, 
Cambridge,  1649  :  MJ).  Padna  and  Cambridge  ;  Gresham 
profesaorof  mosic;  knighted,  167S;  accompanied  Finch 
on  embassies  to  Florenoe,  Tuscany,  and  Constantinople, 
where  he  died.  [ii.  441] 

BAIVBB,  THOMAS  (18SS-1875X  artist  and  explorer : 
artist  with  British  army  in  Kafir  war,  1848-61 ;  acoom- 

Snied  exploring  expeditions  to  North-west  Aostralia, 
mbesi  (under    LinngstoneX  Victoria  Falls,  the  Tati 
goldflelds,  and  the  Kafir  ooontiy.  [U.  441] 


Sm  PHILIP  (178^1862),  lientenant- 
;  entered  navy  as  midshipman,  bat  in  1800  r»* 
in  aotb  regiment:  lieatenant,  1800: 
andted  at  Deptfowl ;  ga«tted  to  company  in  18th  royal 
Iziih  ia  West  Indiea,  1806;  inspector  of  fortifications, 
Oan^oa,  1807;  entered  Royal  Military  College,  High 
Wyeombe,  1809 ;  dq>aty  assistant  qoartermaster-general 
Id  BartDgBl,  1811 :  rendered  important  services  at  several 
I1|i§iiiiiiits  iaPleninsnlar  war ;  major ;  served  in  France, 
181i :  brevet  tteateDantrcoionel,  1817 :  O.B.,  1888 :  deputy 
Hiieitmnantifi  gmfnl.  Dublin,  1841 :  majcir-general,  and 
oannwDder  of  Belfast  district,  1846;  commander  of  forces 
In  Ceflflo,  18i9-4 :  Beatenant-genenl,  and  K,OJB^  18&4. 

[iL436] 
BAIMZ,  JAMES  (1710-1790),  Scottish  divine ;  M.A. 
Qhimowr ;  sotn—itely  minister  at  (illeam  and  Paisley ; 
vakgatd.  Hvtng  of  Pafadey ;  being  an  ardent  supporter  of 
ctaageileal  dootrine,  joined  (^iUespie^  founder  of  the 
Bdicf  «^*^«T^,  and  became  minister  of  the  first  Relief  oon- 
in  Bdinbozgfa,  1766:  published  a  history  of 
chnrch  lefbrmatton.  [iL  487] 


,  XDWABD  (1774-1848X  journalist ;  appren- 

leed  aa  printer  in  Preston,  Lancashire,  and  in  Leeds ; 
HHisd  aa  printer  on  his  own  account;  became  proprietor 
of  *Lseds  Mocory,'  1801,  and  entered  largdy  into  the 
ek%  agitatlonB  of  the  day ;  M.P.  for  Leeds,  1884-41 ; 
f^!^*"^  works  relating  to  history  of  Oeorge  111*8  rrign, 
ud  topography  of  Yorkshire  and  Lancashire,    [ii.  488] 


r,  SIB  EDWARD  (1800-1890X  journalist  and 
ooo  of  Edward  Bainee  [q.  v.] ;  educated  at 
tkKew  OoOege,  Manobester;  entered  office  of  *  Leeds 
Xotory,*  1811,  and  was  editor,  1818 :  studied  sociology 
ibA  eooninnioB,  and  advocated  repeal  of  com  laws ;  sup- 
Mtsd  catlioUceniancipatioa,  1899 ;  published  *  History  of 
OBtton  Manofactoxe  in  Great  Britain,*  18S6 ;  advocated 
pBblifi  education  Independent  of  state ;  served  on  schools 
isqaiiy  ooomiiHiOD,  18U ;  MP.  for  Leeds,  1869-74  ;  chair- 
Ma  of  YortaUreOoOege,  Leeds,  1880-7 ;  knighted,  1880: 
pat)Bshed  writlnga  on  pbUtical  and  social  subjects. 

[SuppL  i.  100] 
FRANOIS  (1648-1710X    [See  Sjlkdrrs.] 


I,  JOHN  (1787-1838X  mathematician :  con- 
tetetBdlaigdy  to* Ladies*  Diary,*  ' CtenUeman's  Diary,* 
'  York  MisoBDany,*  and  similar  periodicalB.        [iL  439] 


B,    MATTHEW  TALBOT  (1799-1860),  poli- 

tUsB :  SOB  of  Edward  Baines  [q.  v.] ;  graduated  at  Trinity 
OofiBfe,  Ohmbrldge :  called  to  bar,  1895 ;  Q.C.,  1841 ; 
VJ*.  for  HoU,  1847,  and  Leeds,  1868 ;  president  of  poor- 
kw  boBid,  1849 ;  chancellor  of  duchy  of  Lancaster,  1866. 

[IL  439] 
PAUL  (d.  1617%    CSeeBATVRS.] 


PETER  AUGUSTINE  (1786-1848),  Roman 
ttthofie  bishop ;  studied  for  the  church  at  the  English 
BtasdictiBe  abbqr  of  lAmbspring,  Hanovor,  which  was 
■ted  by  the  Pmassiaiis  In  1808,  when  the  students  came  to 
l>|SBiid,aBd  Inaognrated  the  Benedictine  (College  of  St. 
lavrenoe,  Amplefcvtb ;  entered  Benedictine  order,  1804 ; 
■dsiaed  sabdesoon,  1807,  and  priest,  1810 ;  teacher  at 
Aankforth  till  1817,  when  he  undertook  duyrge  of  mission 
it  Bilh :  appointed  ooad jntoi^bishop  to  Bishop  Colling- 
iMfe.  and,  kter,  bishop  of  Siga,  1838 :  toured  for  his 
wthoB  tiie  continent;  preadied  frequently  in  Rome, 
UB7>9 :  retomed  to  Englarid,  and  succeeded  Bishop  Col- 
as vkar-apostolio  of  western  disteiot,  18S9; 
Prior  ftr£  where  he  founded  eeetoslasticaland 


THOMAS  (1806-188^ X  journalist;  son  of 
Edward  Baines  [q.  v.] ;  editor  of  '  Liverpool  l^mes,*  1829  ; 
publiidied  histories  of  Lancashire,  (Jheshire,  and  York- 
shire, [it  442] 


JAMES  (d.  1532),  martyr;  member  of 
Middle  Temple ;  practised  as  lawyer ;  accused  of  protestant 
heresy,  1631 ;  imprisoned  and  tortured  in  Tower ;  recanted, 
but  withdrew  recantation,  and  was  burned  at  Smith- 
field,  [it  442] 

BAZO0I8,  JOHN  dk  (d.  1249).    [See  Batkux.] 

BAIBD,  Sir  DAVID  (1757-1829X  general:  ensign, 
1772:  served  at  Gibraltar,  1773-6;  Ueutenant,  1778; 
captain  of  73rd  (afterwards  71st)  Highland  light  infantry 
in  India,  under  Monro,  1780;  joined  Colonel  Baillie*s 
force,  and,  after  its  defeat  by  Hyder  All,  was  captured ; 
released,  1784  ;  major,  1787  ;  in  England,  1789-91 ;  com- 
manded sepoy  brieve  against  Tippoo ;  took  Pondicherry, 
1793  :  colond,  1796  ;  at  the  Cape,  1796-8 ;  major-general 
in  second  war  against  Tippoo,  1798 ;  stormed  Seringa- 
patam,  1799 ;  oommanded  Indian  force  in  Egypt  against 
French,  1801-2 ;  retomed  to  India,  and  received  command 
of  northern  division  of  Madras  army,  1802  ;  resigned,  and 
returned  to  England :  knighted ;  lieutenant-general  in 
expedition  to  recapture  Cape  of  Gkwd  Hope,  1806  ;  com- 
manded first  division  in  expedition  Invading  Denmark, 
1807 ;  second  In  command  under  Moore  in  Spain,  1808 ; 
wounded  at  Corufia  ;  K3.,  1809 ;  created  baronet,  1810 ; 
genezal,  1814;  governor  of  Kiusale,  1819,  and  of  Fort 
George,  1829 ;  commander  of  Irish  forces  and  privy 
oounoillor,  1820.  [IL  442] 

BAIBD,  GEORGE  HUSBAND  (1761-1840X  principal 
of  Edinbuxgh  University  ;  educated  at  Ediubuxgh  ;  pri- 
vate tutor,  1784  ;  licensed  as  presbyterian  preacher,  1786  ; 
presented  to  parish  of  Dunkdd,  1787,  and  to  New  Grey- 
friars  church,  Edinburgh,  1792 ;  professor  of  oriental 
languages,  Edinburgh  ;  principal  of  Edinburgh  Univer- 
I  sity,  1793 ;  translated  to  North  parish  church,  1799,  and 
to  the  high  pariah  chnrch,  1801 ;  did  much  for  education 
oi  poor  in  Scottish  highlands  and  islands.  [IL  446] 

BAIRD,  JAMBS  (1802-1876X  Ironmaster;  with  his 
fattier  and  brothers  leased  coalfields  of  Sunnyside,  Hol- 
landhlrst,  and  New  Gartshenrie,  1826,  and  the  ironstone 
in  lands  of  Caimhill,  1828 ;  assumed,  1830,  active  manage- 
ment of  the  business,  which  vras  subsequently  enlarged 
and  Included  coalmines  and  Ironworks  In  Ayr,  Stirling, 
Dumbarton,  and  Cumberland  ;  M  J*,  for  Falkirk  burghs, 
1851-7 ;  deputy-lieutenant  for  counties  of  Ayr  and  Inver- 
ness. He  was  a  liberal  benefactor  to  the  chnrch  of 
Scotland.  [U.  446] 

BAIBD,  Sir  JOHN  a620-1698X  Scottish  judge ;  ad- 
mltted  advocate,  1647;  knighted,  1651:  lord  of  session, 
with  title  of  Lord  Newbytb,  1664-81,  and  1689  till  death ; 
M.P.  for  Aberdeenshire  In  Scottish  parliaments,  1666  and 
1667;  commissioner  for  negotiation  of  treaty  of  union, 
1670.  [IL  447] 

BAIBD,  JOHN  (d.  1804),  Irish  divine ;  presbyterian 
minister  In  Dublin,  1767-77  ;  D.D. ;  conformed,  and  was 
rector  of  Cloghran,  near  Dublin,  1782;  published  *  Dis- 
sertation on  the  Old  Testament,'  177f .  [IL  448] 

BAIBD,  JOHN  (1799-1861X  Scottish  divine;  succes- 
sively minister  of  Legertwood,  Eccles,  and  Swinton, 
Berwickshire;  founded  Plinian  Society,  Edinburgh,  1823  ; 
evangelical  preacher  in  Ireland,  1825 :  minister  of  Yet- 
holm,  Roxburghshire,  1829-41 ;  worked  extensively  for 
education  of  Soottlsh  gipsies.  [iL  448] 


BAZRD 


BAIHS, 


II  {lgai-lS7S).SD0EEllll  pbTliolul 
L-mployrd  Ln  wolo^lciU  dopBrtiDBnt 
<l-ia:  pnbllBliHl-Kitiml  HIMory 
\K,  and '  Oyolopralla  of  Kitunl 
™.™™,  .™o,  [U.*4»] 

3AX8K,  ALEXANDER  (1IB9-18M).  |BdlI;  entond 

[HI.  n  ■ 

BAZES,  A>'NB  ELIKABBTR  (|;H-)M1I,  phUo- 
lo^t :  oBetBtol  bpr  bnitbo-,  Uegrye  UjJira-  [q-  ¥.1,  \u  )iit 
'  mttoTv  of  Nortlibrnptanatainr,'  *Dd  pubJI^h&t  '  Glonat^ 
ot  NciniiiuDptoiutalre  Woria:  IHM.  [UL  1] 

SAXXS,  AN8ELU  (lSS4-leBIX  vtln:  OL<t«rcliia 
monk  at  UDHdt  St.  BemKTd'B  Abbey.  LeUHUnhb^lSt?  ; 
ojCKUtol  manl  paLntlngi  Kiul  ili^linwil  lienJi^c  uid 
other  iUurtntiuM  for  Mieral  pabUcUooiL  [Lit  1] 

BAKEK,   AUaURTINB  ri6;f-lMl).     [S«   Baiecr, 

BASER,  GHABLBB  (1sn-laT9>,  i«uit:  rol  n»me 
Dav]I>  Lp:wiu  ;  euteraL  BbglbdJ  coHee*  at  Rome,  1fl38  : 
print.  1U3  :  jnltMl  SooteCT  ot  1mm,  1144  ;  profpaeol 
IbOiw.  1861:  mtwUmer  In  aoatli  V  '  "        '-         ' 


[111.  I] 


BAKEK,  DHAI1LB9   (IIMU-IH?!).   ilaf 
Luuib  liiptlCatiuiji*  pt  filtfbMtojL.  BinnliiflbaD. 


[lU-tl 
I,  DATID,  In  nligbm  Atjain<TnjB|'lti6>164]), 

LoaloD.  ind  BmdgaliB  BiUI  (naw  Fembroke  Oollwe).  Oi- 
toTd:  mcoibn-or  Unuobi'»<lDn,ud.15M,of  lniuTTWiple; 
intend  BciiedlMlni'  inoiiul?ry  Bt  Fadmi,  leos  ;  nnlnlDed 
□lieiit;  i-iilriUnldJrTCIDr  of  Bntrlbib  BenollctibE  nDrw  it 
Oambnl,  1634 ;  oonraiEiulstDDaay.lBSa;  folDn 


's  OoUegc,  Dkmbhilge,  1^ 


;,  DAVID  BRSKING  i 
KTalidSdH  ol  Daniel  I 
n»yal  eufrlnwr ;  jobwl 


rfop  :  aliuMiol  In  the 

k  OOUipSDJ  of  dtfDiliUd 

Co  Flmliouw.-  irst: 


t,  FBASKLIN  <1800-I8a;),ui 


lonnltj  In  Bollon  (I«a4). 


liiitOT;  dI  nonmn 
[ULB] 
UBOKITBEY   ijl.    ISW).  ehranialFT ;   1» 


BAKES.  GROSaK  (IMO-leoOX  avrgc 
BnrtKT  Surjrpouv'  OompHny^  nm^ta-,  LAS 
bau<ebald  of  Bar!  d(  OifoM ;  wrote 
Mieml  wort*  on  iurgerj  aiid  mediulne,  1» 


I,  UBOBOB  (I/Wf-IM?), 


F.H,S„haroni 


BAXER. 


K  topognplKT^ 


K,  GBOnOB  (ITSl-K 

iuiliial  udflntabHL  [lU.  a] 

Dtuiial  De[oc :  left  li^itl  wiitlnKa  lit  nunu- 

[HL  81 
HENRT  I'ie9e-1T;4),  uUumlin  ud  poet : 
:  (Driiine  u  s  teacher  ot  tbedoC  and  dumli 


el  Defoe'i  joungwt 


n«.  [liLK] 

.,  BBN'RY  AARON  (17iI-1BHX  Irlili  arclii' 
*ry  to  Boyal  Blhenliin  .Vodrm; :  laoher  o( 
J  in  DuMUi  Socletj's  «.-bool,  17flr.       [lii.  10] 


N  (d.  1E68).  lawyer :  fobit . 
■e :  tpsnJcrr  ol  Hodk  or  C 


,   JOHN  (1081-1710).  admiral : 


171»-1^  aiui  1714  Ull  hi.  dmtL  nt  Port  Mabon.  [iii.  HI 

BAZER,  JOHNCd.littXvlce-raiiHterDlTrliitcy.Cani- 
bii,!^:  M.A.  TrinlCj  Oolloge,  OrnDbria^a  lTi«;  DJ), 
1717;  Tlce-maner,  1733:  tedorof  DlckleborKli.  Norfalk, 
1731 :  firm  lappaner  gl  Dr.  RIctiani  Bentley.     [lU.  19] 


a,  JOHN(i.l771),8 
j|  Boyal  Aradcmy. 

™--pWdUt 

"tii-Ul 

pabUsliod '  worta.  on 

1771X  agri 
promoted  as 
rural    a>u) 

■ultnralwid 
■rionluii*  in 

BAKER.  PAOIpfcDS  (18D(-i; 
proiiudal  of  ctae  BngUib  pnTlDO 
llitaed  rEliKioui  worb. 


U.A.  Kluit'i  OoU^e,  I 

lUI :  coinpeUcd  to  By  to  ! 
atbDllo  leaulnge,  U7u. 


00  bkiB,  ittdcli  b«  BMDcd  Albsrt  Nthdih.  Hmrob  1M1 ; 
dplnnd  Iba  lira  tmn  Uieongo  to  Idind  of  Pitcwn. 
■^'■■■*f  |0  Durtoom,  Mi^  IWt ;  nodTfd  guld medml 


IB,  WTLLUH  (ini-nax 


\%   printer;   ftppnn- 
\jt  uid  (17BS)  ■ 


1)  para  sf  Ihe  world 


_  . .  .,  ROBHBT(lM6-17M),grHil(T;  gtaOy 

ImpTDTCd  breed  ot  oxsi  tuA  aheep.  priidiiad  DlsUey  or 
'LcJontfrmbtn  bmtc-honi'  nttle,  ud  ou  Bnt  to  csirr 
on  tonde  of  run-letting  Dti ' '    "  ""  ~" 


[iiL171 
t,  TBOlUa  (1IM-17WXmntlqiurT:  (donEed 

i;   Mlow  at  Bt.  John-a  OoUefs,  Ckmbildee, 

I:  midnd UtIhc Df  Long  Newton.  whlohbEi     ' 
-"-'war.  1C9U;  rslgncd  leUowiblp  owing  w  uvu- 
■  wUta  abinnitlw  Mlb.  ITIT,  but  raided  In 

-Ullde«th;  Idt  tai  nwDOKTlpt 

te  Ottocy  ol  Oambridge,  wlUi 


[1U.S!] 


tnvBla,  183). 

BIOEARD     (/.    ItBS),      m 
bbor  oil  work  OD-AJgebra,'  pubLibed  lUI,     [Ul.Ml 
BAL&TnrS,  AIAH  (j(.  IHO).  Klaiail:  probabli-ot 
3ttlfh  orbria:    hbi    ■  chraiioon    Unifrrwle'    ru«J  by 

BALCAiraiTHALL,    WALTBR  (IMB-igiBX  P 
■lilue:    mlDiiter  dI  3L   UU».  Bdbil 
o[  tbe  '  AIUt  called  Jesiu.'  Utt :  < 


THOMAS     BARWIOK     LLOYD    (18W-  i 

UNXoDset  UxroiBdereaf  mtannr- '^— — — ■  ' 

■■■■led  at  Kton  end  ChriiC  CliDn_. 

IJMte'e  Ins,  IttS :  nuglMnM  (or  QkniH 


1711:    LiNDair,  AuaujUkR,  M 
BALCASKSB,   CotlimBB   or  (lUI 


admiral.  17M ;  lulmiral  ol  Iho  whll*.  ina  :  go>eraor  i 
Qreenwloli  Hoepital  sud  tnigblal,  17M  -.  wait  down  wit 
bii  >blp  b)  tbc  Cliaonel.  [ilL  H) 

BALD,  ALliXANDBR  (n83-lSl«).  paetlcal  write 
regularly  oantribLited  to  ^BoDta  Ua^oEinp':  among  tb 
drtt  lo  acknowledge  Ibe  merlte  of  Jamea  Hogg,  U 
Stuidl  abephcid.  [lu,  IB] 

SALDOOK,  RALPH  □!!  (d.  13UX  hlibop  of  London 
held  prebezkdal  iLall  ot  Holbont,  lt7 1  -,  dean  of  St.  Paur: 
19M;  blihop  ot  lAndou.  1S04:  lord  cbancellor,  ISO; 
wrote  a  bietory  ot  Bngland.  [ilL  9H] 

BALDOOZ,  KOBBRT  HE  (d.  1317), 


ot  HI.  Paul'i ; 


iUor: 


■abam  [q.T.] 

[^ppl.  !.  109] 
L.  WtLLIAM  ( l«M~17S3),  bllfaop  Df  Norwlcb  : 
"Bwarde  waidm,  Wadbam  CXEim,  Oiford ; 
px,  ITU,  and  at  Mtrviob.  ITlT.    [liL  10} 


lug  Queen  IsabeUa'ilnraaloD  of  BogIaDd,13!e.   iiil.  38] 

BALSDCX,  BIB  ROBERT  <d.  leeU  juds^:  mllel  la 
1B71  :  knlgbtcd;  Krjeant  and  autumn  render  at  Omf^ 
IflSe :  klng'i  bencli  iudge.  1668.  [111.  Si" 

BALTHEES  fd.  iOS  ?),  ialnt:  a 
boriU  who  llTcd  alone  on  the  Ban 
Tth :  fHUI-day,  e  March.       [111.  SO] 

_-  ,.  .  e»-8I6X  king  of  Kent;  depend  bj 

Becbarbt,  and  Bed '  lurtliwarda  ovm  tbc  Thamea.' 

[IU.M] 
B2 


BALDBEY 


52 


BAIiPOUB 


BALDEST,  JOSHUA  KIKBY  (1784-1828),  engraver 
and  draoghtaman ;  exhibited  portraitB  at  Royal  Aca> 
demy,  1793-4 ;  execnted  engravings  after  Salvator  Rcxta, 
Reynolds,  and  other  artists.  [iiL  30] 


Lord    (df.   1608).     [See   Lton,  Sir 


BALDXrOHIS, 

Thomas.] 

BALDWIN  (d.  1098),  abbot  and  physician  ;  monk  of 
St.  Denys :  prior  of  Libcrao,  Alsaoe ;  physician  to  Ed- 
ward the  Confessor ;  abbot  of  St.  Edmond's,  1065 ;  snbse- 
•  qaently  t>ecame  a  favoorite  physician  of  the  Oonqaeror ; 
entered  into  a  dispate  with  Herfast,  bishop  of  Elmliam, 
who  asserted  his  authority  over  the  abbey,  and  was  finally 
saccessfol  in  obtaining  a  conflnnation  of  its  Inde- 
pendence. [UL  80] 

BALDWIN  OP  M0RLE»  (d.  1100  ?X  son  of  OUbert, 
ooant  of  Eu,  who  was  grandson  of  Richard  the  Fearless ; 
received  at  the  Oonquest  large  estates  in  Devon,  of  which 
coonty  he  became  slierifF.  [iii.  31] 

BALDWIN  OF  Glark  (  fi.  1141),  warrior ;  grandson  of 
Richard  the  Fearles.<i ;  foogbt  at  battle  of  Lincoln  (1141) 
under  Stephen,  with  whom  he  was  captured.       [iii  34] 

BALDWIN  OF  Rrdvrra  (d.  1166),  warrior,  grandson 
of  Baldwin  of  Moeles  [q.  v.]  :  earl  of  Devon  and  lord  of 
Okehampton  and  perhaps  of  Isle  of  Wight ;  raised  revolts 
against  King  Stmhen  in  Devonshire  and  sabseqoenUy  in 
Normandy ;  held  Oorfe  Castle  against  Idng,  1139.  [iii.  84] 

BALDWIN  {d  1190),  archbishop  of  Canterbury ; 
a  Cistercian  monk  of  Ford  In  Devonshire;  became 
abbot ;  bishop  of  Worcester,  1180  ;  archbishop  of  Canter- 
bury, 1180 :  employed  by  King  Henry  II  in  n^rotiations 
with  Rhys  ap  GmlTj'dd,  prince  of  South  Wales ;  entered 
into  dispute  with  dissolute  monks  of  Christ  Church,  who 
were  supported  by  the  pope  and  various  European  princes 
against  the  archbishop's  authority,  but  a  compromise  was 
effected  in  1189 :  made  a  l^^tine  visitation  to  Wales, 
1187,  and  preached  there  in  favour  of  the  crusades,  1188; 
officiated  at  Richard  I's  coronation,  1189  ;  died,  a  crusader, 
in  the  Holy  Land  :  wrote  religious  works.  [iii.  3S] 

BALDWIN,  GEORGE  (<f.  1818X  mystical  writer; 
travelled  in  Cyprus  and  the  East  Indies ;  In  Egypt,  1773 : 
snooeeded,  1776,  in  establishing  direct  commerce  from 
England  to  Egypt;  consul-general  In  Egypt,  1786-98; 
joined,  after  adventurous  travels  in  Europe,  the  English 
commander  in  the  Malta  campaign  of  1801:  studied 
magnetic  cures  in  Egypt,  considering  himself  possessed 
of  magnetic  gifts.  On  this  and  on  political  subjects  he 
wrote  several  works  and  pamphlets.  [iii  36] 

BALDWIN,  JOHN  (cT.  1646),  judge;  member  of 
Inner  Temple:  MJ^.  for  Hindon,  Wiltshire,  1689-36; 
attorney-general  for  Wales  and  the  marches,  1630-2; 
serjeant-at-law,  1631 ;  knighted,  1634 ;  chief- justice  of 
common  pleas,  1636 ;  judge  at  trials  of  Bishop  Fisher,  Sir 
Thomas  More,  Anne  Boleyn,  and  Lord  Darcy.     [iii.  37] 

BALDWIN,  RICHARD,  DJ).  (16727-1768),  provost 
of  Trinity  CoUege,  Dublin,  1717.  [UL  37] 

BALDWIN,  ROBERT  (1804-1868X  Canadian  states- 
man; admitted  attorney  and  called  to  bar  of  Upper 
Canada,  1826  ;  honorary  head  of  Upper  Canada  bar,  1847- 
1848  and  1860-8;  represented  York  (now  Toronto)  in 
legislative  assembly,  1830 ;  member  of  executive  council 
of  Upper  Canada,  1836  ;  advocated  establishment  of  par- 
liamentary government;  solicitor-general  for  Upper 
Canada,  1840;  member  of  Lord  Sydenham's  executive 
oonncil  on  union  with  Lower  Canada,  1841 ;  member  of 
onited  legislative  assembly,  1841 ;  submitted  resolutions, 
which  were  passed  unanimously,  to  secure  that  in  local 
affairs  local  ministers  should  be  answerable  to  the  local 
houses  for  all  acts  of  the  exeouUve  authority,  1841; 
attorney-general  for  Upper  Canada,  in  first  period  of 
cabinet  government  -in  Canada,  1842-3;  member  for 
Rimouski  in  Lower  Canada,  1842 ;  again  attorney-general 
of  Upper  Canada,  1848,  under  Lord  Elgin,  and  introduced 
many  reforms  in  administration ;  resigned,  1861 ;  C.B., 
1864.  [SuppL  L  110] 

BALDWIN,  THOMAS  (1760-18S0X  architect;  city 
architect,  c  1776-1800,  at  Bath ;  where  he  designed  many 
public  and  private  buildings.  [iii.  38] 

BALDWIN,  Sir  TIMOTHY  (1690-1696X  lawyer: 
B. A.  Balliol  OoUege,  Oxford,  1638 ;  D.C.L.,  1662 ;  principal 


of  Hart  Hall  (now  Hertford  College):  knighted,  1670; 
master  in  chancery,  1670-82 ;  clerk  in  House  of  Loida, 
1680  ;  wrote  legal  works.  [iiL  38] 

BALDWIN,  WILLIAM  (yf.  1647),  author ;  studied 
at  Oxford ;  corrector  of  press  to  Edward  Whitchurch 
printer ;  emplo3red  in  preparing  theatrical  exhibitions  for 
courts  of  Edward  VI  and  Mary ;  clergyman  and  school- 
master ;  superintended  publicaUon  of  fuid  contributed  to 
*  Mirror  for  Magistrates,*  1669;  published  po^cal  and 
other  works.  [iiL  88] 

BALDWIN  or  BAWDEN,  WILLIAM  (166S-16»X 
Jesuit:  studied  at  Oxford:  joined  Society  of  Jesus  In 
Belgium,  1690;  proferaed  father,  1602;  in  Spain,  1595: 
captured  by  English  fleet  at  Dunkirk;  vice-predfect  of 
English  mission,  Brussels,  e,  1600-10 :  accused  of  com- 
plicity in  Gunpowder  plot;  arrested  and  imprisoned  in 
BngU&nd,  1610-18 ;  died  at  St.  Omer.  [ilL  89] 

BALDWTTLF,  BEADWTTLF,  or  BADXTLF  (<f .  803  ?X 

probably  last  Anglian  bishop  of  Whithem  or  Candiila 
Oasa,  GaUoway,  791,  tUl  death.  [UL  40] 

BALDWYN,  EDWARD  (1746-1817),  pamphleteer; 
M.A.  St.  John'R  College,  Oxford,  1784 ;  rector  of  Abdon, 
Shropshire.  [ilL  40] 


BALE,  JOHN  (1496-1663),  bishop  of  Ossory;  eda- 
cated  at  Carmdite  convent,  Norwich,  and  Jesos  College, 
Oxford  :  converted  to  protestantism ;  held  living  of  Thorn- 
den,  Suffolk ;  lived  in  Ctermany,  1640-7,  on  fall  of  Onnn- 
well,  who  had  protected  him  :  vicar  of  Swaffham,  Norfolk, 
1661 :  bishop  of  Ossory,  1663 :  fled  to  continent,  1553 : 
subsequentiy  prebendary  of  Canterbury ;  wrote  sevcval 
rdigious  plays,  a  history  of  English  writers,  and  numerooa 
controversial  works  of  great  bitterness.  [iiL  41] 

BALE,  ROBERT (/(.  1461),  chronicler;  notary  of 
London  and  judge  of  civil  courts ;  wrote  a  chronicle  of 
London,  and  other  historical  works.  [iiL  42] 

BALE.  ROBERT  (d.  1603),  prior  of  Carmelite  monas- 
tery, Bumham  :  wrote  historical  works.  [iiL  42] 

BALES  or  BAYLE8,  alias  Eyerb,  OHBISTOPHEB 
(d.  1690X  priest ;  sent  on  English  mission  from  Rheima, 
1688 ;  executed,  1690,  as  priest  of  foreign  ordination  exer- 
cising sacerdotal  functions  in  England.  [iiL  43] 

BALES,  PETER,  or  Balesius  (1547-1610  ?X  calll- 
graphist ;  educated  at  Gloucester  Hall,  Oxford ;  resided 
in  the  Old  Bailey,  working  as  a  writing-marter,  and  waa 
frequently  employed  in  connection  with  state  omre- 
spondence  and  Intercepted  letters ;  published  *The  Writ- 
ing Schoolemaster,*  1690.  [iiL  43] 

BALFE,  MICHAEL  WILLIAM  (1808-1870X  muslcBl 
composer ;  first  appeared  in  public  as  a  violiidBt,  1817  ; 
articled  to  Charles  Edward  Horn  the  singer,  1893; 
violinist  in  Dmry  Lane  orchestras  and  at  oratorio  con- 
certs :  went  to  Italy  under  patronage  of  Gkmnt  Mazaura ; 
studied  singing  and  composition  at  Milan  and  Paris,  and 
appeared  with  great  success  as  Figaro  in  Roesini^s  *  Bar- 
biere,'  1827 :  produced  his  first  opera,  *  I  Rivall  dl  ae 
stessi,'  at  Palermo,  1830  :  returned  to  England,  1833 ;  his 
*  Siege  of  Rochelle'  produced  at  Drnry  Lane,  1835;  pro- 
duced other  compositions,  including  *Falstaff,*  at  short 
intervals ;  toured  in  Ireland  and  west  of  England ;  pro* 
dnced  *Le  Puits  d'Amour*  in  Paris  and  his  highly 
successful  *  Bohemian  Girl  * ;  in  London,  1843  ;  conductor 
of  the  Italian  Opera,  Her  Majesty's  Theatre,  1846 ;  pro- 
duced the  *  Sicilian  Bride,*  1862  ;  wrote  several  works  for 
the  Pyne-Harrison  company  at  Covent  Garden,  1857-63. 

[UL44.] 

BALFE,  VKTTOIRB  (1837-1871).     [See  Crampto!!.] 

BALFOUR,  ALEXANDER  (1767-1829X  Soottlsh 
novelist ;  apprenticed  as  weaver  ;  clerk  in  Arbroatli,  1798 ; 
began  at  an  early  age  to  contribute  verse  and  prose  to 
newspapers,  and  finally  devoted  himself  to  literature.  His 
novels  Include :  *  Campbell,*  1819,  and  *  The  Foundling  of 
Glenthom,*  1823.  [iiL  48] 

BALFOUB,  Sir  ANDREW  (1630-1694),  botanist; 
educated  at  St  Andrews  and  Oxford  ;  M.D.  Caen,  1661 ; 
practised  as  physician  successively  in  London,  St.  Andrews, 
and  Edinburgh;  founded  botanic  gardens,  Bdinborgh; 
left  botanical  writings.  [iiL  48] 


BAIiFOUB 


58 


BAJjIOIi 


BAITOmt,  OLABA  LUOAB  (1808-1 878X  lectcutar 
;  mie  lidddl ;  lectured  and  wrote  on  tem- 
perBBioe  and  qoestiODS  rdathig  to  women^s  inflaeooe,  from 
IMl :  vrote,  vith  a  Bobsldiary  theological  aim,  in  support 
oC  tanpeniiML  [iii.  49] 

BAUOVB,  EDWARD  GREEN  (1818-1889X  sorgeon- 
Cownl  aad  writer  on  India ;  L.R.G&  Edinburgtu  1833 
'  Bwdicail  defMutment  of  Indian  army,  1834 ;  assist* 
1836;   fuU  surgeon,  1852:  formed  Oovem 
Ontnl  Konenm,  Madras,  1850,  and  was  soperinteU' 
dent  tin  18M ;  poblisbed  *  Bncyclopiedia  of  India,*  1857 
agent  at  court  of  nawab  of  Camatic;  surgeon- 
and  bead  of  Madras  medical  department,  1871-6 

to  England,  1876 ;    largely  responsible  for  the 
o<  XbK  Madras  Medical  College  to  women,  1875 
pnhHfihwl  worts  diidly  relating  to  India.  [SuppL  L 113] 


BALFOXTB,  FRANCIS  C/T.  181S),  Anglo-Indian ;  pro- 
bal)i7  M  J>.  of  Edinburgh  ;  surgeon  in  East  India  Oom- 
0007*8  aerrioe,  1777  :  retired.  1807 ;  intimate  with  Warren 
Haatixies;   pfoblisbed  works  on   medicine  and  oriental 

[iiL  50] 


BALFOUX,  FRANCIS  MAITLAND  n861-188SX 
edacated  at  Harrow  and  Trinity  College, 
BJL,  1873 ;  fdlow ;  lecturer  on  aniimJ 
at  Cambridge,  1876 ;  published  a  monograph 
on  the  embrycoic  history  of  tiie  dasmobmnch  fishes, 
1878,  aad  a  complete  treatise  on  embryology,  1880-1 ; 
F.B^  1878:  *royal  medallist,'  1881 ;  obtained  a  special 
pitifraaiiiwhlp  of  animal  morphology  at  Cambridge,  188S ; 
lalkd  while  climbing  in  Switzerland.  [UL  50] 

BALTOUB,  Sib  GEORGE  (1809-1894),  general  and 
pofitteian ;  brother  of  Edward  Green  Balfour  [q.  v.]  : 
nfaif  ted  at  Military  Academy,  Addiscombe:  entered 
royal  artillery,  18S6 ;  serred  with  Malacca  field  force, 
U3S-3;  and  with  Madras  forces  in  China,  1840-2 :  consul 
at  Shanghai,  1843-«6:  captain,  1844;  C.B^  1854;  mem- 
ber of  military  finance  oommiffiion,  1859-60 ;  chief  of 
Bifitary  finance  departaient,  1860-2 ;  assistant  to  con- 
tooDcr-in-chief  at  war  ofllce,  London,  1868-71 :  K.C3^ 
U70:  major-general,  1865;  general,  1877:  liberal  M.P. 
lor  Kineardineshixv,  1872-92.  [SuppL  i.  114] 

BAIYOUB,  Sib  JAMES,  Lord  PirrRyDRKicH  {d, 
1K3>,  Scottiah  jndge:  educated  for  the  priesthood; 
■rred  in  gaDeys  for  complicity  in  plot  for  assassination 
ft  Oardinal  Beaton,  1547-9  ;  chief  jndge  of  consistorial 
cDort  o(  ardkbiebop  of  St.  AndreMrs,  and,  on  its  abolition, 
of  Uie  commiasarifls  of  the  court  appointed  in  its 
probably  oonnected  with  murder  of  Damley  ;  go- 
of Edinburgh  Castle :  president  of  court  of  Session 
m  1568  :  gained  the  reputation  of  having  served,  deserted, 
and  profited  by  all  parties :  probably  author  of  part  of 
'Belfoor'B  Practlcks*  (published  1774),  the  earUest  text- 
book of  Soottiah  law.  [iU.  52] 

BJXFOim,  Sir  JAMES  (16aO-1657X  historiau :  de- 
Kitad  hinwdf  to  study  of  Scottish  history  and  antiquities  ; 
Btadied  heraldry  in  London,  and,  on  his  retani  to  Scot- 
land, lOQ,  was  knighted  and  made  Lyon  kinfr-of-arms 
and  king's  commissioner:  created  baronet,  1633.  Most 
of  his  bSstancal,  heraldic,  and  other  manuscripts  are  pre- 
aenred  in  the  Advocates'  Library.  His  *  Annals  of  Scot- 
land from  Malcolm  III  to  Charles  II '  was  printed,  1837. 

[iii.  63] 

BAI7017S,  JAMES  (1705-1 795%  philosopher ;  studied 
St  IdUbcDi^  and  Leyden ;  called  to  Scottish  bar :  trea- 
■nv  to  faodty  of  advocates :  profeffiK>r  of  moral  philo- 
oophj,  Edinburgh,  1754,  and  of  law  of  nature  and  nations, 
1764 :  paUiabed  philosophical  works.  [iu.  55] 

SAIfOUE,  JOHN,  third  Baron  BALFotni  of  Bur- 
UBGH  id.  1688) :  educated  in  France ;  has  been  tradi- 
tJaiaTly  and  crtoneonsly  styled  *  Covenanter,'  John  Balfour 
Ihe  *  GoTcnanter '  being '  of  Kinloch.'  [iii.  55] 

JJUJPOTJB,  JOHN  HUTTON  (1808-1884),  botanist ; 

1LA.  Bdinboigh :  MJ).,  1832 ;  F.R.C.S..  Edinburgh,  1838  ; 

~  'fmat  of  botany  at  Glasgow,  1841,  and  at  Bdinburgh, 
> :  retired  as  emeritus  professor  of  botany,  1879  :  as- 
jd  in  eatahtishing  Botanical  Sode^  and  Botanical 

Chh,ld1ntwnrgh :  F.R.S.  (Edinburgh  and  London) ;  LL.D.: 

vnls  botanical  text-booka.  [iiL  56] 

lAIFOmt,  NISBBT  (1743-1823),  general ;  Ueutenant, 

>y:  captain,  1770;  served  in  American  war :  lieutenant- 

* ,  1778 ;  commandant  at  CJharleaton,  1779 ;  colonel 


and  king's  ude-de-camp;  served  in  Flanders,  1794; 
general,  1803  ;  M.P.  for  Wigton  Bui^gha  and  Arundel  be- 
tween 1790  and  1802.  [iiL  56] 

BALFOUR,  ROBERT  (1550  7-1625  ?X  Scottish  philo- 
sopher and  philologist;  educated  at  St.  Andrews  and 
Paris ;  professor  of  Ore^  at,  and,  e.  1686.  principal  of, 
college  of  Gnienne,  Bordeaux  ;  published  commentary  on 
Aristotle  (1618),  and  other  worlm.  [iiL  57] 

BALFOTTR,  ROBERT,  second  Baron  Balfour  or 
Burlkior  (d.  1663),  by  royal  patent  having  married  the 
heiress  of  the  tiUe ;  president  of  the  '  estates  *  of  Scottish 
parliament,  1640 ;  served  against  Montrose ;  commissioner 
of  treasury  and  exchequer,  1649.  [iiL  58] 

BALFOUR,  ROBERT,  fifth  Baron  Balfour  of  Bdr^ 
LSIOH  (of.  1757) :  Jacobite ;  condemned  to  death  for  shoot- 
ing his  formor  sweetheart's  husband,  but  escaped,  1710 ; 
estates  forfeited  for  his  share  in  rebellion,  1715.  [iiL  68] 

BALFOTTR,  THOMAS  GRAHAM  (1813-1891),  phy- 
sidan :  M.D.  Edinburgh,  1834 :  assistant  sui^eon  in 
grenadier  guards,  1840-8  :  inspector-general  in  charge  of 
new  statistical  branch  of  army,  1859-73 :  F.R.a,  1858 ; 
F.R.C.P.,  1860 ;  surgeon-general,  1876.      [SuppL  L  115] 

BALFOTTR,  Sir  WILLIAM  id.  1660X  parliamentary 
general ;  in  Dutch  service  till  1627  ;  lieutenant-colonel ; 
governor  of  Tower,  1630 :  employed  by  king  on  mi^iou 
in  Netherlands,  1631 ;  lieutenant-general  of  parllamentaiy 
horse  at  EdgehilL  1642,  and  other  engagements  in  civil 
war.  [iii.  69] 

BALFOTTR,  WILLIAM  (1785-1 888X  lieutenant- 
colonel  :  served  in  Mediterranean,  at  Copenhagen,  and  in 
Peninsular  war.  [iii.  60] 

BALOTTY,  CHARLES  (1708-1 767%  physician  ;  MJ>. 
St  John's  College,  Cambridge,  1760 ;  published,  besides 
medical  treatises,  a  translation  of  Boccaccio's  *  Decameron.' 

[UL60] 

BALOTTY,  JOHN  (1686-1748),  divine;  MA.  St. 
John's  College,  Cambrid^re,  1726 ;  incumbent  of  Lamesby 
and  Tanfield,  1711 ;  took  part  in  the  Bangorian  contro- 
versy, 1718;  prebendary  of  Salifbury,  1727;  published 
tracts  defending  Dr.  Clarke's  metaphysical  and  ethical 
principles.  [iiL  60] 

BALOTTY,  THOMAS  (1716-1785),  divine;  son  of 
John  Balguy  [q.  v.]  ;  M.A.  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge, 
1741 ;  D.D.,  1758 ;  vicar  of  Alton,  Hampshire,  1771 ; 
prebendary  of  Winchester,  1758 ;  archdeacon  of  Salisbury, 
1769  ;  published  and  edited  religious  works,  in  which  he 
followed  the  principles  of  Warburton.  [iiL  61] 

BALIOL.  ALEXANDER  de,  Lord  of  Cavrrs  (/. 
1246  7-1309  ?) :  perhaps  son  of  Henry  de  Baliol  (d.  1246) : 
served  in  Edward's  Welsh  wars,  1277  :  one  of  the  Scot- 
tish barons  who  bound  themselves  to  receive  Margaret  of 
Non\'ay  as  qneeu  iu  the  event  of  failure  of  male  issue  of 
Alexander  III,  1284  :  chamberlain  of  Scotland,  1287-96 ; 
fought  on  English  side  in  wars  with  Scotland,   [iii.  61] 

BALIOL,  BERNARD  PR,  the  elder  (A  1136-1167X 
did  homage  with  David  I  of  Scotland  to  the  Empress 
Matilda,  daughter  of  Henry  I,  1136,  but  joined  King 
Stephen's  party,  1138 :  taken  prisoner  at  Lincoln,  1141. 

[iii.  62] 

BALIOL,  BERNARD  dk,  the  younger  (/.  1167).  has 
been  identified  with  Bernard  de  BaUol  (/.  1185-1167) 
[q-  v«]  *t  joined  the  northern  barons  who  captured  William 
the  Lion,  1174.  [UL  63] 

BALIOL,  EDWARD  pk  {d.  1363),  king  of  Scotland ; 
eldest  son  of  John  de  Baliol,  king  of  Scotland  [q.  v.],  and 
Mabel,  daughter  of  John  de  Warenne,  earl  of  Surrey  ;  suc- 
ceeded to  his  French  fiefs,  1314  ;  invaded  Scotlanl  Mt  bead 
of  barons  displaced  by  Bruce,  1332  ;  crowned  at  Scone ; 
did  homage  to  Edward  III,  to  whom  he  subsequently  sur- 
rendered ancient  Lothian;  compelled  to  take  refuge  in 
England  from  Scottish  patriots  under  Sir  Andrew  Murray 
and  Earl  of  Moray,- 1334 ;  restored  by  Edward  IlFs  aid, 
1385  ;  left  almost  entirely  in  Edward's  bands  the  wars 
which  followed;  retired  to  England,  1338;  surrendered 
kingdom  of  Scotland  to  Edward  III,  1366,  in  return  for 
pension  of  2,000/.  [UL  68] 

BALIOL,  HENRY  dk  {d,  1246),  chamberlain  of  Scot- 
land, 1219-e.  1231 ;  probably  supported  barons  against 
John ;  attended  Henry  m  in  Gascon  war,  1241.  [iiL  65] 


•RATTOT.  1 

BAUOL,  JOHN  DS  (d.  UHX  toandBt  ot  BaUiol  Col- 
lesc.  Oiford ;   ono  ot  Ute  noenU  of   BodUbiuI   during 

ydtii  Uiuiry  Ul  la  barons'  vu,  lisa-es.        '     [Ut!  SI] 

BAUOL,  JOHN  DC  (IH8'1116),  king  oT  BootUnd: 
tMidHHiof  Jolui  de  BbIIoI  (d.  l)BB)[q,  V,];  on  drnth.  In 
IKO,  of  Mui^ret,  the  Mild  of  SarvAy,  ^nitid^^bild  ol 
AleiHoder  111,  dammed  tlirone  at  Sootland  in  rlgbt  at  hli 
mateiful  ffiaudmoUier^  UunATd,  eld»t  dHugEjtcr  of 
DBTld,  brother  of  Wmiwn  Sw  Uon ;  bin  onl,  wrlous 
Tlnli  vat  Baben  Bma  uxl  Jnlia  BuUngi,  tboogh  tbera 
mn  Uilrtem  slitmuta  In  nU :  (rtUaomt  at  the  dlipiile 
■  "0  Edwud  L  wlio  tPbtolMd  reoognitlon  m 
'    ~-    UiiDdwidKl«i(e(lB»Uol;en>wDaiiiC 


D  to  tbe  FiaDoli  wti;  MM 
lb  HDd  fflAlty ;  brougbt  to  bi 


King'a  iDiu.  1M3 
Killdtor-Eenml  foi 
and  1874;  MJ.for 

tramliig  futarc  coo 
Jrdjuid ;  oppiwed  Ul 
lULivenJtj  UU, 


BAXiLAirmOi 


lb  bar,  1S40,  Hd  to  I: 
ivluce  of  AnoUh,  U 

qunot  idTaalt  Id 

Ireland.  ISSS : 

ir;  S.O.L.  OxIorA. 


fit:  lord  ob«iic«UorollntaiHl,187l-WJ 
.™^u— w—.  — DuhUoTJnlwnilty.lBW:  pobllslml ' Be- 
rormed  Obuivti  of  Irduid,' IBM,  ud '  HlatwUal  Berliiif 
OI  LeslalBCln  BjrtaD>  opintlTS  in  iKUnd,'  ies«. 

[SuppL  i.  118] 

BALL.  NATH4NAKL  (16»-l«ai),  diiinc:  M.4- 
Ktair'e  OoU^re.  Onmbridge :  vlonr  ot  Burlej',  Hatlortibm ! 
ftjowd.  IBM:  mlnlirter  st  Boston:  ™'?^5^^,^^ 
In  an}' iillo»-<ii  pluic,'  lell :  snlitsf  Walum  inGlBHrait 
PoljglDl,'  Hud  lall  religtoM  wrllingB.  lUl-  '>1 

BALL,  BlCHDtAS{171ll-lB«6).lrl«biiiiIg«;«dooaled 
St  Trinity  Oollegt  Dablli        ■"  "-'''■  '—  ""'" 


judge  of  DO 


:  MJ.  I 
u  (itKlBnd),  1MB, 


IT  IniRnd, 


a  PDrtiuid  u^  ^  klUol.  [lU.  73] 
IS  (irsi-lBfilX  toiinds  of  ooiivruU  ; 
Blcstod  VU^D  Maiy  At  MIcUfksW  Bar  convene.  Yorli. 
tlspnod  to  VRrloii!  part-  of  the  world.  [111.  73] 

BALL,  HANNAH  (1731-17»a),  Weslejun  nieUjadiit 


BALLorBALLE.  PSTKUM  1671),plijBlctan;d 
of  pbUiMpby  and  pbyslo,  taduii,  IMO ;  bon.  K.K 
ISH  ;  orlgiuid  F  JLS.  [Ui- 

BALL.  ROUEIIT  (18US-I8S7),  n»lor«li8tt  In  ii 
KoroUry-s  afboe.  Dublin,  IIU7-SS ;  pnHldimt  of  Geolc 
Sodetj  of  Irvlaiid :  director  of  Trinity  IMIege  Mm 
ISM:  Sou.  LL  J).  Trinity  College,  1B6U;  BecrBtary  a 
q-amft  Uniienity,  InUnd,  1811.  [iU- 

BALL,  THOMAS  (ISBU-IMS).  dWne :  MJi,  Qi 
College.  Cuniunnge,  1616;   '*''''\'  .*'*JSL£uS 


lJM)iui"- 


t  Higb  W 


respomlbl ;  openol 
JH  dial)  jfjtrun^ln 


in  iLoie  of  Wycliffe,  aiv 
Lb  aoouL  Tyler'B  ivbelEion ;  rcIeaBcti 
DhbUhop'ft  prltfon,  Ualdjitoiie,  whs 
cbpturttl  ftb  OoTQitry  ;  DicciiUsd  Ht 


BALL.  JOHK 
Mary^  Hidl,  Oite 
floriptlon,  lAlO;  pr 


OoUege,  Gamtirtdge :  I 


luriCau  dlTlne;  M.A.  E 


. ;  publidhfid  reSglncu 

[111,  7i] 

of  HicaOB  and  ™ii. 


called  to  lilili  bar,  1841 :  ai 

tary  f«  oolDOtei,  1U6-7  :  tlrft  pnsldcnt  of' Alpine  inub. 
18(7;  pubUdial  'Tlw  AlpLne  Guide,'  1M3-8;  joiued 
but  uiloalaipidiUon  to  Uomooo,  1871 ;  P.ILS.,  leaa ;  fellow 
of  Hnnwti,  Qaognphical.  md  AjUgaarian  wwittleB.    Hli> 

HtencB,  and  tbe  tnliiuy  of  tbc  Alps.  t&uppL  1.  lit] 


BAIL  or  BALLS,  WILLIAM  {d.  liK\ 
lolnol  m«0ii4re  ol  tbe  'Owinlan  Society' 
OollfBT,  _16BB ;  loUit  ' — -' ■■  "-"  ""■" 


mired  some  odebrlD  f«  bit  obtemtloui 
ira.  [Hi-  '*1 


BALLARtn, 


!,  JOHN  (lgW-188)),  prime  mlnfcrta 
bora  \d  Ireland:  emlnatcd  U)  I 
be  totiudeit  ■Wnnganul  Hoald':  la 


tiilr^  I8H;  I 


II,  BdoptlDg  a 


-al  opposiUcB,  188a;  prima 

d  and  succcHfnl  prognviivi 

[SuppL  L  liu] 

BALLARIIBM.    [Sec  B£L1.exdks.] 

BALLAHTDIB,    JAMES    (1808-1877).    aildal    and 

ullior;  orlaluiUy  a  bouw-palnler  in  Kdlnbiirgh  ;  one  rf 

be  flrsl  to  revive  art  ot  glan- painting,  on  which  he  pnli- 


WILLIAM  (1813-1887),  ee; 


bbarne  claimant  at  tbe  Bnt 

Waller  Scott'B  works  :  attendoi  with  Scott  Kelso  gram- 

Btrday  of  Bcotliah  Border,"  1803.  and  then 
tino^  to  print  BcoB*!  worki ;  racetnd  uai 
f«  EitabUBbBieiit  of  a  prlDtliis  bulm  li 
iwif  .nH  pnnk  uitb  hir  brother  Joba  [q.  T,]  »,... 
ia>  (Btutid.  1808) :  propridAr, 
Ij  Joiirnal,'  1817 ;  rained  by  bsi 


SALLASTTUTE 


u  IBM:  poUUbol  raatnrrenlal 

(IIU  M] 
SALUSTTXZ,  BOBBBT  JflCHABL  (lS«9-lgM). 

BotKrt  BiUuityue   [i[.  t.)  ; 

a  of  HndJOD  Bi;  Par  Coot- 


it  aiytl  Sooulib 

[BuppLLIK] 

mALLABmn,  tbohas  (ihw-isti). 


paEftATLl,  andf  Inbr.  of  bjt 

cliuidi :  D.D..  01ii>«ow.  iSM.  [IIL  81] 

nosii.    [S«  KLFHr.trrosit.  Jmn. 

B1);    Bl.l'UINfltl.111,  JUH.f.    KCflDd 

John,  ronrUi  Biron,  It&l-IIM; 
il..lItU  BiROS,  1«8»-1T«.] 

nuKwuii  wurb,  UKlodluff  a  ■  Diftlo^D*  owovning  Lhe  on- 
IkwIuliMN  or  pUylug  It  C■^l^'  ItM.  [111.  O] 

[nHL(ir.  lutrx  poriuo 


1-(w1iI(A1kl ._ 

BHad  [Midoo  Kcwi ' ;  pablidisl  •ductloui  tiom  Oarlyle  .  j^[,p„ 

xAUiAinmn,    williav    (leit-iMi).     [b«    biitiop 

Bu-UHDEf.]  I 

BALUXS,  BDWASD  OBOBOZ  (I7tl-18m).  mli- 
Ua,  is  exctac  oOiiiE  tUL  IBIT.  [UL  b] 

BALLABJ),OBDBGE(i;06-nu).intiqur)';sppreii-  . 
tiad  u  ftATiuka' ^  aUhiloJ  AEig!f>iSKxoD  uid  proceeded  I 
It  Olftvd.  1;H,  bBTinc  mdial  ui  umalC;  from  vkiHoiu   ! 

IPillil lolOHUd  in  hi!  work  :  clerk  at  Ittgdalm  Col-  ' 

tat^  ud.  later,  ana  ol  Uh  nniTenitj  bedella  ;  uilital  I 
Ana  in  hi*  ■  BMbtj  o[  PrinUug ' ;  left  ucliBaloglcal 
ntttKL  cm.  H] 

BALLABD.  JOHN  Id.  1186).  Romu  attiJio  prle«:  '      

pnb^blT   edncntal   >t  Shdmi  ;   lalml  English  mlKlon,      ol  Blj 
Uat :  InnllBl  to  Botoe.  Itat.  wiUi  AnUumy  TynxU,  uid     ot  WU 

tiiMCBtedAiilhaiif  BabliigtoD  [q.  T.]  u  or^MJilBe  the  plot,     hsdoo 


ir  BAUnnA  NIOHOLAS  Di  (4.  Un  li 
--'--1 ;  aluiHUdH  oln-kin  moimlerTof 


.  inl:  cbucellor  ol  Sootlud,  IL 

Duublane,  c  ISUT.  [UL  fO] 

BALHATBB.  HBHBY  (d.  lS7ft),  SoittlBli  nfonner  ; 
•  ■- '^-  uid  Cbloguv;  bKwncacqiulDt«d 

Tfgoit  ^  depLile-kKper  of  pJiry 
M :  reliuuud  lord 


lUd  U  St.  Andrewm 


iiE(<i,  1>MX  blihop  at  ICIfuid 

— - "■     ,  diS 


mlClal  the  EfmpdnUtli 


hn,  CotDbrldffe.  Lii  lied  of  i£b 
ildlng  Uicn,  IMU;  obUiiKd 


I,   VOLANT  TABHON  {1T71  ?-lB!J|,  resr- 
l«lB-la:nK«iinlnl.lKtt.  [iiL8;] 

lULOSEa  or  BALLAXmn,  WILLIAN  (ISlt- 


ZALTROSDI. 

oauiDKi,  iigi : .' 

BALTZAB.  I 


liK  OBOHOB  (ITW-iesex  tureton; 
i;  ■nlUU[7«r7ef)nliilDdi>,lllMI-18;  ' 
et  of  DlUUiT  mrKCTT.  Bdlnbur^b.  ISSt :  kntitbled,  < 


[ill.  88]      ,  Puis,   Bddelbciv.    ud 


lee.  In  Buglaud,  wben  be  became 
og'l  IDMlctazu.  tllLM) 

IE  (d.  1116).    [See  BiiLDK.] 
■t    BiBos    {l(»n-l»«4).      (Sea 

-iHb  (rf.  isas).     [Bee  Scott,  Sm 

[(lgH-lMl).plil-,MMi:  itudiedat 
.__  „.^  Bortliolomeirt  BoeplUL 
In  :    M.R    Burtln.   Ah  ; 


BAMBBEPqE 


66 


BANISTEB 


physician  to  MiUbank  Penitentiary,  1841 ;  physician  to  ih» 
queen,  1859 ;  F.RO.P^  1846 ;  F.ILS^  1847 ;  pnbllshed  works 
on  the  h}*glene  of  prisons  and  other  medioal  sabjects. 

[Ul.  99] 
BAKBBIDOE,  0HRI8T0PHEB  (1464  ?-1614X     [See 
Bainbridok.] 

BAMBSIDOE,  THOMAS  (Jl.  1729),  attorney  and 
warden  of  the  Fleet ;  joint- warden  to  Fleet  prison,  1728 ; 
taken  into  costody  for  cruelty,  1729;  twice  tried  for 
murder  of  a  prisoner  and  acquitted ;  was  latterly  himself 
Imprisoned  in  the  Fleet.  [UL  99] 

BAMFOBD,  SAMUEL  (1788-1872),  poet  and  weaver ; 
actively  interested  in  welfare  of  labouring  classes ;  un- 
justly imprisoned  for  connection  with  Uie  gatherings 
disposed  by  the  Feterloo  massacre,  1819 ;  obtained  post 
as  messenger  at  Somerset  House,  but  subsequently  re> 
tamed  to  trade  as  weaver;  published  poems  and  other 
writings.  [lii.  100] 


,,  Sir  COPLESTONE  (1636-1691X  jus- 
tice :  educated  at  Corpus  Ohristi  OoUege,  Oxford  ;  active 
in  promoting  Oharles  II's  ret$toration  ;  M.P.  for  Tiverton, 
1659,  and  for  Devonshire,  1671-9  and  1686-7.     [iii.  101] 

BAXPFIELD,  FRANOIS  (d,  1683),  divine:  MJL. 
Wadham  Ck)llege,  Oxford,  1638  ;  prebendary  of  Exeter ; 
held  living  of  Sherborne :  ejected  from  preferments,  1662 ; 
repeatedly  imprisoned  for  preaching ;  died  in  Newgate ; 
published  religious  works.  [UL  101] 

BAMFFIELl),  JOSEPH  (Jt.  1639-1685),  royalist 
colonel ;  ensigrn  under  Lord  Ashley,  1639,  in  Sootttoh  war ; 
oolond  during  civil  war,  in  west  of  England ;  frequently 
employed  by  Charles  I  in  secret  negotiations ;  dismissed  as 
untrustworthy  by  Charles  II ;  acted  as  CromwelPs  i^rent 
in  Paris  after  1654 ;  commanded  English  regiment  in  Hol- 
land after  BestoraUon.  [iii.  101] 

BAMFFIEU),  THOMAS  (yf.  1658),  speaker  of  House 
of  Commons,  1658-9 ;  recorder  of  Exeter ;  M.P.  for 
Exeter,  1654, 1656,  and  1660.  [UL  103] 


COPLESTONE  WARRE  (d,  1791X 
landscape  painter ;  exhibited  at  Society  of  Artiste,  Free 
Society  of  Artists,  and  Royal  Academy,  1763-83. 

[iU.  103] 
BAXPFTLDE,  JOHN   OODRINGTON   (1754-1796), 
poet ;  educated  at  Cambridge ;  published  sonnets^  1778 ; 
led  a  dissipated  Ufe,  and  was  confined  in  private  asylum. 

[Ui.  103] 
BAKPTON,  JOHN  (/.   1340X  CarmeUte  at  Cam- 
bridge ;  D.D. ;  wrote  theological  treatises.        [UL  103] 

BAXPTON,  JOHN  (d.  1751X  founder  of  Bamptou 
lectures  ;  M.A.  Trinity  CoUege,  Oxford,  1712 ;  prebendary 
of  Salisbury,  1718;  left  legacy  for  foundation  of  the 
Bampton  divinity  lectures  at  Oxford.  [UL  104] 

BAKASTBE,  ALARD  (/.  1174X  sheriff  of  Oxfoid- 
Bhire,  with  judicial  powers,  1174-5.  [UL  104] 

BAKBTTBT,  first  Earl  op.  [See  Knollys,  William, 
1547-1632.] 

BAKOUIKTJS  (/I.  1382).    [See  Baxktn,  John.] 

BAHOK,  JOHN  van  deii  (1694  7-1789).    [See  Yan- 

DKRBANK.] 

BANOK,  PETER  van  deb  (1649-1697).    [See  Van- 

DERBANK.] 

BAHCK8,  JOHN  (1709-1751).    [See  Banks.] 

BAKCJBOFT,  EDWARD  (1744-1821),  naturalist  and 
chemist ;  frequently  visited  America,  and  published*  Natu-  j 
nl  History  of  Guiana,'  1769 ;  made  important  discoveries  i 
in  dyeing  and  caUco-prinUng.  ,  [iU.  105] 

BAKCBOFT,  EDWARD  NATHANIEL  (1772-1842),  " 
physician :  son  of  Edward  Bancroft  [q.  v.] ;  M.B.  St.  I 
JohuV  CoUqire,  Cambridge,  1794  ;  physician  to  forces  in  the 
Windward  Islands,  Portugal,  Mediterranean,  and  Egypt ; 
M.D.,  1804 ;  fellow  and  Gulstonian  lecturer,  1806,  and 
censor.  1808,  CoUi^pe  of  Physicians;  physician  to  St.  George's 
Hospital,  1808-11 ;  physiciaa,  1811,  to  forces  in  Jamaica, 
where  he  remained  tlU  death,  being  ultimately  deputy 
inspector-general  of  army  hospitals  ;  identified  yeUow  with 
malarial  fever  in  his  •  Eii«y,'  1811.  [UL  106] 


BANCROFT,  GEORGE  (A  1548),  trandator ;  imb- 
lished  *  Answere  that  Preachers  at  Baaile  made  tor  defence 
of  the  Lord's  Supper,'  1548,  a  heated  attack  on  tbe 
oathoUcs,  translated  from  LatUi.  [UL  107] 

BANOBOFT,  JOHN  (1574-1640X  seventh  bishop  of 
Oxford ;  nephew  of  Archbishopi  Bancroft ;  educated  at 
Westminster ;  M.A.  Christ  Church,  Oxfoord,  1599 ;  rector 
of  Finchley,  1601-8 ;  B.D.,  1607 ;  D.D.  and  prebendary  of 
St.  Paul's,  1609;  master  of  University  College,  Oxford, 
1610-32 ;  bishop  of  Oxford,  1632 ;  buUt  an  episcopal  resi- 
dence at  Cuddesdon,  OxfordsMre,  1635.  [UL  107] 

BAKOEOFT,  JOHN  (d.  1696).  dramatist  and  sur- 
geon :  published  several  plays,  1679-91.  [UL  108] 

BAKOEOFT,  RICHARD  (1544-1610X  archbishop  of 
Canterbury ;  B.A.  Christ's  College,  Cambridge,  1567  ;  pre- 
bendary of  St.  Patrick's,  Dublin ;  D.D.,  1585 ;  treasurer  of 
St.  Paul's,  1586 ;  eoderiastical  commissioner :  canon  of 
Westminster,  1587 ;  prebendaryof  St.  Paul's,  1590;  largcdj 
responsible  for  detection  of  printers  of  the  Marprelate 
teacto :  chaplain  to  Archbishop  Whitgift,  1592 ;  bishop  of 
London,  1597  ;  archbishop  of  Canterbury,  1604 ;  laid  before 
the  privy  councU  his '  Articles  of  Abuses,*  in  which  he  pro- 
tested, in  name  of  the  clergy,  against  *  prohibitions '  by 
civil  judges  of  proceedings  in  eoclesiastioal  courts,  1605  ; 
supported  scheme  of  new  translation  of  bible ;  D.D.  and 
chnnoellor  of  university  of  Oxford,  1608 ;  his  works  chiefly 
directed  against  puritans.  [UL  108] 

BAKOEOFT,  THOMAS  (./T.  1633-1658X  poet;  edn- 
oated  at  Catherine  HaU,  Cambridge.  His  pnbUcationa 
include  *■  Two  Bookes  of  Epigrammes  and  Epitaphs '  (1683X 
which  celebrated  many  men  of  letters  of  the  Ume ;  con- 
tributed to  Brome's  *  Lachryms  Musamm '  (1649). 

[iU.lU] 

BAKOEOFT,  THOMAS  (1756-1811X  divine;  B.A. 
Brasenose  CoUege,  Oxford,  1781;  Craven  scboUr,  1780; 
head-master,  Henry  7 Ill's  school,  Chester;  vicar  oi 
Bolton-le-Moors,  1793  ;  one  of  the  four  '  king's  preachers* 
of  Lancashire ;  pubUshed  sermons.  [UL  113] 

BAKDIKEL,  BULKELET  (1781-186IX  librarian  of 
Bodleian ;  educated  at  Winchester  and  New  CoUege,  Ox- 
ford :  chaplain  to  Sir  James  Saumarez  in  Baltic  ;  :£>dley'8 
Ubrarian,  1813-60;  honorary  curator,  I860:  published 
oatalogoe,  1843.  [UL  113] 

BAKDIKEL,  DAVID  (d.  1645),  dean  of  Jersey,  1623  : 
took  the  side  of  the  parliament  during  the  civU  war, 
chiefly  owing  to  his  animosity  to  Sir  PhiUp  de  Cartoret, 
lieutenant-governor  of  Jersey.  Carteret  died  from  the 
rigours  of  a  siege  directed  by  Bandinel ;  and  his  son.  Sir 
George  Carteret,  arrested  and  imprisoned  Bandinel  and  his 
son,  who  died  after  attempting  to  escape.  [iU.  114] 

BAKDIKEL,  JAMES  (1783-1849X  clerk  in  foreign 
oflice  ;  brother  of  Bulkeley  Bandinel  [q.  v.]  ;  published  a 
work  on  the  African  slave  trade,  1842.  [UL  116] 

BAKIK,  JOHN  (1798-1842),  novelist,  dramatist,  and 
poet,  the  '  Scott  of  Ireland  * ;  studied  at  drawing  aotdemy 
of  Royal  Dublin  Society ;  teacher  of  drawing  at  Kilkenny ; 
removed  to  Dublin  and  took  up  literature;  wrote  *The 
Celt's  Paradise,*  a  poem ;  produced  '  Damon  and  I^hias,* 
performed  at  Oovent  Garden  Theatre,  with  Maoieady  and 
kemble  in  principal  parts,  1821 ;  settled  in  London,  con- 
tributed largely  to  periodicals,  and  wrote,  in  conjunction 
with  his  brother  Michael  [q.  v.],  several  successful  novds 
in  a  series  caUed  *0'Hara  Tales':  went  abroad  for  his 
health,  and  soon  found  himself  in  straitened  circumstauoes, 
but  was  relieved  by  public  subscription.  The  *  O'Hara 
Tales*  (first  series),  1825,  to  some  extent  fulfilled  the 
author's  object  of  doing  for  the  Irish  what  the  *  Wavo-ley 
Novels'  had  done  for  the  Scottish  people.  [UL  115] 

BAKIM,  MICHAEL  (1796-1874X  novelist :  brother  of 
John  Banim  [q.  v.]  ;  studied  for  bar,  but  abandoned  the 
law  for  commerce;  beg^n  to  assist  his  brother  in  the 
*  O'Hara  Tales,'  1822,  several  of  which  he  wrote ;  met  with 
•erions  financial  misfortunes,  e.  1840 ;  postmaster  of  Kil- 
kenny, c  1852-73.  [Ul.  117] 

BAKI8TEE  or  BAKESTEE,  JOHN  (1540-1610X  sur- 
geon to  Earl  of  Warwick's  foroes  at  Havre,  1568  ;  studied 
at  Oxford;  served  in  Leicester's  exnedition  to  Low 
Countries,  1585;  wrote^  compUed,  and  edited  medical 
work*.  [Ui.  118] 


-BAKKATTXTZ 


al  OmUa^  bukLMU ;  pndaa 


KAti.  Ittt,  ■  ncnod  s 


nr  tba  *  Tmpat '  ( wrlttoi  In  w 

JOHN  (iL  1 

■- [liLlW] 

HlCautD  (d.   1«H},  osuliMi    mb- 


SSTS 


Bib  WILLIAU  (d.  i;tl),  one  of  the 
f  itlH ;  buoo  ol  ucbeqaa  wid  knigbted. 


ItTT-M,  HTea  piKfi,  Id  nns,  cUOl;  «  hlMarlo*]  nb- 
iccU.  of  wblch  the  'Unhappj  FnTDorlte'  UKl  ^VLrtoe 
Betnrsl,'  wen  verj  iuoocbiIuUt  produosd.       [UL  111] 
SAKKB  DC  BARCKB.  JOHN  (170»-17tl),  mUcdU- 


BAXSS.  JOHN  BHERBROOKB  (1B11-IM7X  tc 

Bdct  ko  Beo^  oaiiTe  Lnlantry^  lt4Sfl  ;  ' '"" 

□Cflrpr«ter,  1833 ;  nrved  at  Caliul,  I: 


p«m>(lT0lLl7IM)u) 

Ohiiat'uiduiacooiiD 


o  Lonl  Italbourii 
BAMXS, 


IB  JOSBPH  n74»-ie}0X  pmlJciit  of  UM 
177^iaW ;  euDcat«d  at  Harrow,  Eton,  and 
,  Oxford;  atudLed  □atural  hiatDry  :  F.E£^ 


,   GEOBGB  (I7S8-18MX  lut   of   cunitot 

solKqiia:  appciDtal,  ia» ;  cdiiciil«l  u  West- 

■laateraaidTlidtTHaU. Cambridge:  caUadtobai,  181s  ; 
Ai^iKntujofb>»nIs(eontcBt,lS»;juDtorlordDnreB- 

S.  ISM;  Mf.  for  Oort*  OaaUa,  ISlt-lB  and  1B»^1. 
tetOtiwt,  lUt-M  ;  Jiidn«dToaat*«aiwa]uid  diItt 
omidllar.  lan.  [lU.  laj] 

BAVKEB,  HBNBT  (17IT-18H),  poUUciin  aud  wi-  ' 
tkB ;  ]f.L  Titsltr  000^  Oambrldgc,  17U  ;  m  P  (nr 
Carie  Cutk.  llW-iew ;  pubUabsl  a  URorr  of  I 


D(  Oiford  ; 

d  io  liu'sriUab  U 


SAVZn,  WtLUAM  JOHN  (if.  luex  travellei 
SLA.  Tlinitr  Collfge,  Oaznbrlilee,  IBll  ;  U.P.  aiiocwUvd 
^Trara,CkDibrtdBCllDfTaaitj,  UArlbaioash,and  Doi 
tuiian:  teBTdled  widely  is  UK  B4M.  [UL  134] 


a  OWwliiiiii,  1784.  [UL  ISI] 

:,  — ^  0I._1«S-1«7X  ScoMlah  >boTmaa,  I 
:  originall;  lerTcd 


BAHES.  EA1UH  BOFHIA  (ITM-1818\  Tinuo»: 
Bliur  of  Eir  J«epb  Buiki  [q-v.]:  coUeoted  abjtda  of 
oaturmJ  biatory,  booki,  and  colpa.  Tbieb  wen  pnaeDted  to 
Oh  BriUih  llDanm.  [111.  IIS] 

B±SK9,  THOUAS  (ITgt-lgUX  smlpWc:   ■Dp™- 

obtained  medala  fT«a  BocLety  of  Arta  for  c' 
Atsdfrmy  g 


Wenmlmiti   Abbey,  at.  Paol-e 

Aciuleniy.  [ill.  13J] 

CUHISTOPHEB     (iru-lSMX 

lUiI   tor  UiE  law ;   piaoUaEd   largely 

d  iDbaittuioe;  TkibLlabiid  many  fene^ 

.   ._  ;ludlii£  the  '  Doimant    and   ^tinot 

GuglBod '  (1907-a},  a  dmilar  Kork  on  Uie 

pearage  (ISIS),  and  pampblete  in  aopport  of  aparioiu 

-i_i —  .„ 'Mch  were  tbe  dukedom  ol 

I  of  atlrUng  and  BaUibiir/, 


F*erag( 

Norfolk,  iBU,  1 
IMO. 

BUTKS,  W 


tllL  IM) 


OTT  aBSO-ia72X  anUquary  ; 
(HI8a-7a>.  [Ui.  IM] 

BAUKTOIT,  LuBD  (ie8S-17«0).    [See   MacDowsu. 


It  tbe  EocletJ  dI  Kew  Itioi  wrote, 


BANNSBBIAN 

BAXKEBBAH,  ANNB  (d.  lAig).  Scottlsb  pcnclcal 
wMIct:  pubbshHl  'Poems,'  18U0,  wiii  "TiilHOf  flapimtl- 
tlon  HOC]  Oliivdlrj-,-  ilj02.  [Ul-  13B] 

BAWBEBKAII.    JAMES    (1907-1888),    liiMlotffiiH  : 

puitiml  HjEOloiiy.  N*W  OollofE  (Pree  oJiurch),  Eiiinbniyh, 
ISlS-Sa;  piibllsbcd  tbwlDgidi]  n'crkt.  {ilL  13S] 

BANKEBHAini.  ALBXASDE «(.>(■  i:so),MB™ver ; 
membor  of  Iddorpor»l«i  Soci«y  of  ArUisM,  17«H;  Ese- 
caled    wnnl    porlnlu   [or   Wnlpole'a   '  Anncdous  ol 


MARY  {1«»?-1TWX  paeten;  wife  of  ■ 
tailot  in  DubllD :  ottrsirtfd  b;  Ler  (Hona  (be  Utenlioa  of 

Thntrc  17«1 :  appenred  at  KHu^wh  a*  imitator  of  |  where  tbe  pabUidin)  vith  KHoe  niocaK,  bjr  mOiiatifiiam 
populnr  vriiqiliftU;  A4?ted  or  «nff  nt  the  Hajmarkpt,  tbe  I  n7M),' Pacini  ou  Several  Occarioiu.'  Belnff  in  pecfudAiy 
Bo/otty.  Ooreut  Onrdeo,  Bod  Drury  Lhdk        [liL  MO]      I  dlrtrna  ahe  obtain^  fniiii  Swift  till  unpiibliidied  'PoUM 

-   .„„„__„        „  „  ,\  OoiiviTHHioiis;  the  piibllniUon  (1738)  and  Hleof  wUleto 

BAiraiSTRE,  JOHN  tl-flO-lBSSMmnedlsn;  mn  of    ^„j  her  in  comforUiblc  elrcmnstonHs.  [ilL  UB] 

CiailBi  BamiLMCT  [q.  t.]:  nudent  M  Royal  Aisdaniy;  I  '"'""    " 
■ppootalal  naj-markct  aa  Dickin  Murpliy'n  ■  AppmiUM,' 
1779;  eniniLtPl  n*  mock  actor  tl  Dmry  lane,  1778->; 
onacerl  Don  WtalaKeraDdoa  In  tbe  -CriUc,'  Xltury  iMnt,    .,„.  ,   „ 
mf,  ajid  aubaequenUy  ninabned  BOHinE  bla  parta  fTharle*    (wgepLoK 

Borface,  Parollea,  Oeonte  Barnwell  Briak   (ConBrKVr>t ■'- 

'Double  Dealer').  Speed  ("Two  Gentlemea  of  Verona 'X    „j,.™.  ..„,  y „ n — . 

Sir  AnUuay  Abaolute,  Bob  Acr^  and  Ion;  Lumpkin  :  publisbed,  17M,  ilgoroiii  'Itemarkt'  on  tlie  biaboii  at 
utlng-manager  of  Drary  Lane,  1903-9  :  retired,  I81B.  Oloyne'i '  Pngeot  State  of  tbeCtanrcbBf  Ireland.' 

[111.  ItO]  [ili.  IM] 

BAKXISTEB,  JOHS  (1SU-1S73).  pbilolc«^Bt:  M^.         SASBOR,  KIOHOLAS  (d.  ItW),  VflUer  on  money: 

Trinity  College.  Dublin,  IHES  :   LUD,,  IMS;  perpetoal    probably  aao of  PnU««d  BkriMn  [q. T.j ;  1IJ>. Dmcbl, 

cnnleDf  BrldgdiUI,  Derbytiiire,  lMe-t7.  and  of  St.  Day,    [mi  :  bon  P.aF..lM4l  UJ-.foTBnmbeclMOaiaJ  t«W; 

Cornwall,  1867-71 :  pnbllthed  uorki  on  Comlih  laniniam.  !  oHted  many  boildlngi tn  LODdoD  *Ret  Ore  o(  ICW;  Ont 

[liLUl]      ,  iiMitutea  Ore  bHoitmc*  la  England;  wrote  two  Wmlii™ 

BAmnSTEB.     BAXB    (17M-1S77).    miaceDanwiia    on nlting  iai]u« oI  Coinage.  CIU.IMI 

tS'«'L'i'n«l^^^:''^^5e?4Si^l'of'N-^'a>nth  i       BABBOITDrBASXBORBorBAKBBOVZfl, PRATSB- 

Wain,  1833-S  :  bedvl  to  lioyai  CdIIi^i^  of   Flivfldana,  -  OOD  (IIM  7-IS79),  uwbapIJst  uu)  poUtidan  :  leBthei~ 

1848'  pobliahedpampfaleta  and  l«al  anil  tiiatoricaltcorka.  '  Beller  In  Fleet  Street ;  freeman  of  LeaUienellera'  Oon- 

[III.  US]        puny,  lasa  ;   warder  of  yeomanry,  ISW ;   third  warder, 

BAKBLBT,  CHAHLB8  (((.  IMB),  poet:  pBhUahod  ■  ;  IMS:  chown  minialcr  by  pKdo-baptlat  member*  of  a 

rhyming  BilirB  on  (embilneloTeofdreis,lMO.  [ilLlW]        divided  coogregation  to  Fleet   Street,  1«30:  pobUdied 

_  defeooe  of  iwdo-baptlEm,  ItUS :  M.F.  for  IDity  of  Loodoi, 

BAjrnnO,  WILLIAM  (lJM-l«78).wi4tB  on  oorpn-  !  ijm;  oppoaed  reeloraUon  of  Cbarla  II  by  drcolaUnc 

lent*:  undertaker  hi  LonAmi  pubUibed  'A  letter  op    „  aoooantaf  Chariea'i  life  hi  Holland  imd  patitlgaliic 

Oorpolenoe,'  1893.  [lil.  I«t]      |  pHliunoit,  1660 ;   oonfloed,  after  the  RstontiaD,  hr 

BASYXR,    HBNRY    (j(.   ITWX    medloal    writer  :«™e«"  1"  the  Towrr.  [IH.Wl] 

.,.__,__    ..    ,„,..    ....  _..-.       ij;s,   tJ«;         BABBOna,  JOHNO>16?-l»M),Soot«ihpoet:  ajiA- 

'-'"■  '"'      ■  deacon  o(  Aberdeen  ;  probably  itudled  and  taiuiht  at  Ox- 


BApnST.  JOHN  GA8PAE8  (d.  1691),  portmit  and    ford  and  Paris 
t^MMry  painter;  popU  of  llonaert.  ["1,  '"]        and  1^84  :  cler 

,    THOMAS  (jf.  1*87),  divl™;    MA.  St.    S^^dS 


:  prbtiably  studied  and  taught  at 


I's  OoUege,  Oambridge,  l»67  ;  B.D..  1176 ;  pro 
r__  ,_  T,-...  .  KTd  .  _.. led  for  refusing 


J.  Mary-to-Bow,  t  1S76 :  guapendtd  for  refusfng  to  lake  1  ..cribed  to  him  are  liie  ■  L^eud  of  Troy.'  and '  Legeiidaof 
k -i^-_.i.  ,...  [lii.mi        (he  Sainla,' bdng  tmnalations  from  Guldo  da  Colonna'a 


BABBATILB.  ANNA  LETTnA  (l'«-183*X  m 


^^^'A^<^^="-Jl!!'J!!!?:-^^^   a.wl^S^cisV"' *""'"'*"''■    ^^  "■"' 


iL  i&a] 


i ;  BaliLl^iahHi  Inya'  nchooi  at  Paigrrtfe,  Sn. 

e  written  ber  ■  Hymna  in  Prow  for  Oiildren  ^Kineup 

._.  ■chDal.l7BI;  pnbllBhedHleeUonof  EnKllali  proae  and  BAXCLAT,  ALEXAN'DBIt<U7B?-lU!),poet,ediolar, 

poeU-y.entltiod'Tlie  Female  Speaker,' and 'BIghtecu  HuO'  and  dlilue;  probably  of  SootttMb  birtb  ;  travelled  on  tbt 

i__j  __.  ,., ,  _ j^  jg,|  (cHiuinal  of  Maoaulay'a  continent :  ptieet  in  college  of  Otlery  St.  tfary,  Devon- 

[iU.144]  Bbire:   irwidatAl  Brant'i  'Narmisctiia*  lilo  BngUah 

).  iaudacapc  painter:  IS^u".  e,°  ,.w  he^wmle  his*' EdcKua ' and  tnut 

Hind  the  A«hit«lural«rf  Ar^  Bl^  ^^^  dUaolutlon  ol   Uic  moda.t..riei  and    j-Mned 

[ilL  lie]  Frauri«nu  Older  at  Canterbury :  mclcr  of  All  Hallowa, 

Lombard  Street.  Loodoa,  1EB3.     Hla  worka  luclode  a 


BAROLAT.  ANDREW  WSYTB  (1S17-1884X  phyti- 


Ir  defendant*  in  Tlcbbome 

wn     aataeqnen  ptmena-  ^^^_  ^^  Buinourgn,  loai.,  ana  uamonuge,  loii 

i"^^">  lioiu,^   Bt.  Qeorge^  Hoapllal,  18SS-B3:  wrote  n 

(I766.181UXmlaiatarin!  workiL  [UL . 


.  HUOH  (1TW-1M4X  BcDtttib  liwyer; 
ofaUHSwluoItrciClairjasl:  ebcriO  aubiUtaW 
-  -  __!«  PwUidiirt,  18J»,  «dil  oIPiTtliMil»,lSJS;j)ob- 
Bibal  k^  unrkA,  Incladlng  >  IHgat  of  L>v  ot  emU 
iMd-OtM-l).  [ULIM] 

t«n  at  Ftoat-4-MaiiKn  :  poiup*  s)iK»t«]  b?  jnniu  ; 

UndLD  Laden,  lK>a-It,wid  Ui  Bame.  lBlG-31 :  publlsbHl 
1,'  im-T.  ■ajlYB'  (l^tin  poenu).  1«06.  'loon 
l' U14,aiid  ■  AigcDii.' a  Lalln  uUiF  an  politlQil 

r,  JOHN  a7U-l)>S).  mlaiXcr  of 


pz«I.IBl*:  »iinii.i8lt,  [ttL°16ey 

,  JOHN  (ITSS-ISM),  mmwimiat:  ncpbwr 

1  BucUt  (lTJt-1798)  ;<|.  r.]  1  editulfd  at  SI. 

'tiii'isa] 

XkKOL&T,JOeiFE(lB>l-18Sl),b<iibopaIJeniHlem, 

^ — . . ^  ._  o_^_  .—  „ ...     chrlilbinltT 


:.  BOBBBT  [IMB-trao],  ciDiker  spotciglgt : 
■a  tl  iBTld  Banlif  [q.  v.] :  adnattcd  >t  BcoCtlib  nollcgE 
hrii :  joiBtd  qiuken,  1U7 :  pabUslial  '  CaUcbigin  aod 
niiii[iidiiii  of  Fultti,'  lan.  Bod  '  Tbc  4.»Ui«j','  1S7g,  DP 
hWIm  quka  doeMna ;  tnTcllM  In  BolUnd  lul  Oct 
■■■v.  aaduadcacaiaUitstiwof  Elinbetb.  priooiuPkli' 

npriHmd,  bob  bj  1S79  wu  emwyln; 

dnd,  villi  Pbui  ud  oUier  qnnkcn 


onwMlUi,'  1878,'  "    '   (liL  1!01 
..'.  IBM).  Eubolu;  Btadled 

IUU(n,siid  aaall]  agiin  atTmlmw. 

[Hi.  ITU 

THOMAS  (17«-187>>,  prinMpal  nr  Olu- 

dl<;  U.A.  King'!  (Wl^n.  AboJctai.  1813  ; 

'Tliau.'  LoDiIon,  UI18-S3;  mlnliler  of  Dun- 

dtUuiJ,  laiS,  ud  DC  Iswli^  1817 ;  clo-k  d< 


■  De  II«OD  It  S«nU  FMotatB,'  l«Ca.  [Ul.  178] 

SJUtOLAT,  WILIJAM  <1»70?-18!0?J,  Ba>tti.b  nil*- 
oellanFOds  wrilfl    U.A.  and  M,D.  Louralu :  profoaor  of 

lai^  aiirl'  inbiirqiieiiUy  Kttied  il  Nantu  :  hl(  worla  iB' 
dude  -NtpmUiw,  or  theTertnB  q(  Tobaem,'  181*. 

BASCLAT,      WILUAM     n7?T-l»»).     miaiaUn 
nalnter :  Fihlbilfd  at  Roval  Atsdemr  and  aL  tie  Salon. 
[IfL  17*1 


BAKOBOFT.    riBORGB  (U.  IBIUJ,   s 
Inlt}    CoUem.   Oaubhdge.   1174 :    minor  ouion   aod 
caulit  at  Ely  CaUwlnl,  1C7R-I810.  [Ui.  171] 

BASX,     BEKBY,    rii>cxiuiiT  BnjJUONT    (IDOIT' 


aptureil  by  perllnmoi- 
[Ul.  17B] 

BASDELBY,  ttOBBKT  de(;).  lilJX  |iid(n  ;  one  o( 
eepere  of  grent  seal,  1JW-!1;  canon  D(  Cblibwt«:  jat- 
ice,  13«.  [ill.  IJB] 

BABSirar,  tUCHABD  or  f  Jf.  IMMX  BomlidUiie  ot 


BABS0L7,  HUaS  (d.  1909),  joitlcLu  of  onrbk  i 

kliD«(loin  In  lieiiTT'i  nhaaux,  11S8:  jutloar  with  1 

aiHl  XfDfcbampT  1180.  [liL  1 

BARSOLF  or  BA£1)0LPB,  THOHAH.  llfUi  B 

(l!6B-14<»),warrior;Bn««il«lttibiiriinj. 


rSuppLL13»] 


paiilolH™. . 

In  HowparV  i^bcUlou.  1- 


BAADOLF,  WILLIAM  [< 

madD  mnsfJiblp  of  NottiOEb^ln  byproviauinH  oi  oi , 

tmrruidvtvd    >~uttlUKbam    to    tLe   klu«,   1384 ;    joiDod 
Henry  111  and  vw  capCurol  at  Lewet.  [ill.  tT«] 

BABDELET.  RiK  JAUES  L011.iS(lB01-18T«).  phyil- 
clau:  M.S.  EtlUiburRb.  1833:  pmUent,  Royal  Mnllod 
Pooitty  ;  pbyalcian  In  SlancbBia-  InBraiarji,  18SB-*S  ; 
kulghtal.  1813:  publiibEd  medical  writing!.      [UL  111] 

BABDBLET,  BAMUBL  AHOENT  (UM-lSll),  pbyil- 
D^n  ;  BlucnlHl  at  London,  Edinburgh,  and  Lrjden;  M.D, 

lliheiaiall'uiUiulotberwTitlngt.  '  [UL  177] 

BAKDWELL.  THOMAS (i.  1780 7X portrait  palntCT: 


,■  uea. 


IS.] 


S   (1780-1831),  animal  p 


BABESGER.  J 

eiblliltnl  at  Boyal  A.aidcmj.  1901-1831.  [Ul.  117] 

BABET  or  BARSET.  JOHN  (rf.  IISOT),  iFiloogn- 

Biff:  M.A.  Trinity  CoUeffa.  Cunbridw.  1118^  retlDw; 
.D^HJt;  pubU«bcd-An  AlnartE.ocPrlplcDroIJoDane 
In  EngllEli,  IaUh,  and  Frensb,-  lllL  [IIL  177] 

BAXXm,   QIDBEPFB  SAHC  ANTONIO   (ITU- 

itora  ol  new  fortUtcatlonil  Oudso.  I7U-S;'  at  Turin 
1741-11 :  led  byhlilmpctaouidlrporiUoninlolIUnrycon- 
trofeny  wltfaBartoll,  prolBBiior  of  literature  at  Tnrln,  who 
appealBl  to  tlia  anUuritlu ;  auon  U  England,  obtained 


a  IMyml 


It  JohDK 


F  vUtinf  FDrtDiruT 


'  La  I'nuta  I*Mff»rl»  ■  (■  The  litmrj  SooDTip  'J,  which 
Itallui  wrftoi  menHd,  iru  ;  ntnnxd  bi  Imdiin.  ITSB : 
FA*.:  InniM  witli  Thnle  In  Pnuwe  and  n«idB-i  : 
Mvl  at  Old  BaUtT  tor  kUllnir  mllbui  wbo  atUcked  him  In 
Bajnwrket.  and  acqntttol.  [)TO ;  aoDomp«n<ed  theThnTia 
and  JcihTuvii  to  Prance,  mit  pnbliabed  In  French  a '  IHi- 
vonr<e  on  Sbake^pmre,'  LT77.  Bla  portt^t  wu  painlaj 
'bySIr  JwhuD  Bi^-iioIiIb.  [IU.  178] 

3A3LFF,  RkKUSL  (17IH  T-ieeOk.  pbll-belleae :  born 


mhly  In 


SAKFOSS,  WILLIAM. 
brtilEc'  i: 


.O.  «hii 


if^M^ 


t-ts :  pnbllihel 
'tsUsni  Is  Latin  nnd  Gnek.     [UL.  ISJ] 

H»nTi.TtiK.Jcia«, ■mind BtBo^, A  1 603.] 

,—_._.   ( 1 686-1  M!X  dan  of    Chnlw- 

iI.A.  Glare  Hnll.  Cinibtldgf :  M.A.  (titOrd.  ami 
ol  KjOinnm.  IDll;  -taior'  >t  Ckmbridn,  ISIS: 
n  In  WoMon  il  Toiloe;  D.D.  OamhiMgE.  wad 
Oanterbur?,  1831:  recdTfld  tlTlutr  ol  Bt. 


tf  Canterbury.  1<U :  bcoraie  nry  onpopolar  araonfl 

«iKi,  snd  at  beflDDlng  of  diil  war  n*  UTaEal  and  wn- 

Iniid  ChFTC  n-eeki  In  the  Fleet.  IU3 ;  psbUntaed  Knnoua. 

[III.  ItU] 

BASOKATB,  JOHN  (ISIO-IASO).  H-r\nt :  nqihew  ol 

[Hac  BaivriTe  fq.  T.l ;  f i^llntr  oF  St.  Prter'n  CnllHre.  Cuth- 


tbU  Infirm 


;,B.  C.Di , 

~  inn  and  coiLiolClDir  phyidolan  at  Bon7  Gom- 
7  :  vcole  PciimUflc  pupors.  [III.  IM] 

BARHAK.  CHARLES  MIDDLBTOK.  lint   BiWIX 

(IT36-1B15X     [RceUlD!>l.ETOX.0HiRL»».] 

FCSTBH    (IBOa-iaTI),    Uie 
■    ID  (ITBS-IBMJ  [I        ■ 


ToUal   atUimey. 


;   lolnt 


irovfrioloT  f 


w  Uonthly  Jfagailne,'  lS3fl-4D :  orittluAleil 


ansllUan  at  Jnrmiy  Collier's  'BccUhUh Ileal  Hlslorc  oF 
OiwtBrKnlii'lIUW).  [III.  1M] 

BAKH&H,  HKNIiY  (187"f-l72UX    "ntumli>l :    nji- 

nujoT  of  tbe  mllltar;  toreee  ;  pobl'ibbed  treatise  on  eilli 
nwiiufutnre.  lilt:  F.RB.,  1717  ;  retnmed  to  Jamaica, 
ITm.  and  dSHl  Utere.    Hli  UDtki  Include  a  -Elstocy  ol 

[111.  196] 
____JI.  NIOHOLiS^  (d.  1677),  U-7«r  ;  mlled  (o 
1MB  :  BBieantat-lai-   ■---■""    -—  "-1-. ....  ; 


!BU"  OoUwi!,  Canihridffp,  IgW;  piao- 

;  phyitdan  Id  I!xetfr  dltpcnaarr  and 

■■"'■"■  nvtltdy  BUpported  unitarian 

iblltbed  tbeologlcil  and  clenl- 

H  ..,,....  [IIL  ISO] 

BAKEAX.  WILUA»  FOSTER  (IMS-Im;  ?X  pan : 
m  or  Thomaa  FoKer  Barhani  n?M-18tl)  [q.  i.] ;  HA. 
rtnlty  College,  ftmbridge.  1834 ;  Porsjn  prtainan.  isn 


.n ;  ton  of  Sir  Prawdi 

n>e  he  enta«d;  upeot 

~      ibm,  UOS-K, 


irthubook  (I7B6-H»«X  »i 
ancli  Baring  (q.  v.];  M.' 
■a  of  traMory.    1B*M.  M 


It  lecretarj,  l«U  and 

lMB-11;  ant  lord  of 

adnilnlty.  IBtS-tE  ;  pht,  IMO.  [lit  193] 

BABIBD,  HARHIGT.  LiDI  Ahhudiiton  (d.  lUT), 
■^  MofltfiflU  :  daughter  of  »lcth  Gart  of  Band^ilcb  ;  mar- 
ried WlJIIam  BioEbam  Bariuy:.  leoaod  bsnm  Aihbortal 
[q.  >.],  1B9B  ;  ol  Utarary  taitat ;  frlnnd  of  Oarlyle. 


BAXHiG.  TBOUAs  (iTm-ia7i),  tu 

t  BIr  Franoli  Barlnfi  [i].  •.] ;  H.P.  lor 
J3t-T,  and  HaotinEdon,  1SU-7I :  chauc 


Gcn^raptilcal  Society,  ti 

eneagcd  In  tiads  wlUi  Snardsb  aeOleni 
pedltloo,  ItTS.  and  was  killed '    " 


II.  IN] 

Dnnt  YannouUi, 

!Uorofe»cbeqoet, 
[III.  in] 


lUB),      landBiape 
178B-1S47)  [q.  T.]r 


of-aTai«(l616| :  knl^hud. 
nanBTm   or   BABK 
168flX  qutra'i  printer;  originally 


n  EoEllih.  thereby  be 


!(   riirht  U>   print   Old    i 


BB  lat  tiA  UK 


lidepntle.,.. 
ftll.  IBl] 

I.  OOLLKT  (17M-18»),  eiplonr ;  snUin  in 
It  ia  Puknaotft  %bi  In  Iraluid ;  hlled  (or 


IRtdTipe  toon,  1B67-8 ; 
primitive  pn^hodlBU  a1 
local  pmcfarr,  1863-8 ;  c 
fpnla]  aTid  nll^ouB  voe 


K,  EDUOKDfini-irw?).  pbTIlt^bln;  MJ) 
IT  :   Mwmixr  <^  Itt  l^m  ctub.  faiDdal  b] 

:  Ubrulu  toColl<g«otFliTiliilaiu,17ea. 
[UL.  1971 

L,   SDVUKD  HENHY  (178»-1«3»).  cUnToi 


]jhilo«phlnL  and  ethital  worka,  mod . 

perlodlcalflH  Indndiog  '  Tbe  People,'  to  propa^t^  bie  eic- 
oems  opLolou.  [lU.  mt] 

SABXEB,  MATTHBW  (1S1«-1M»),  DsnconronatM 
livlne;  H.A.  Trtatt7  (Mbvs.  Ciinbridgc;  FondooUd 
fcbool  aC  Bvibuiy  tUI  IMl :  incntnbmt  ot  St.  LroDardX 
BaAtcbiAp.  tUO;  ejected.  166S;  prtftchfld  *t  meetlDg- 
liDun  Id  »i1a  l^ne,  Isoe ;  pnbllihal  nllEloal  t'mts. 
[1U.1071 
1,  liATTITBW  HENRY  (17»0-1*M).  wriier 

lt«l  Seni«  G»i«la'  [lli.  i07] 


FRSDERIOK  (ine-isnx  Aaatnllmi 
JcnOotlenOBinbrldge,  1838;  blabop  of 
BrdBfT  ud  sMniioUtan  ol  Amnlla.  IBM ;  DJ)..  IBM : 
tarvfld  Mia*]  arDud  wltb  %atttori^  oya  ohnrch  Id  Adb- 
BmUa  mad  TuBnta :  rUsl  ml  Sam  Bodo.  [UI.  ItS] 

«»»»TR.  aB0RGB(ITT«-18W),  ■sUdlerot  Blrmliu:- 
teo,  *b*»  tE  foondBl  FblkMipblcal  Eodety,  and  enatly 
bnpnnd  gcnenl  hnpltal;  Dwmber  ol  Boj«l  SuHMj. 
U».  [111.  »01 

BUT  (iBir-isei), 

Id  Id  Crtmeiin  war, 

L.  HBNBT  ASTON  (1774-18H),  paDonma 

■ri  Robnl  Barker  (ITBl-IBoa)  [q,  v.] :  pupil 

4  Boral  Aadcmr.  1788  ;  betwieo  IBOIandlNl  prepHrKl 


«  Indian  nu 


a>  InclDdlDgOona 
t,  HUQH  (d.  1311).  lawyir ;  muter  ol  ubn 
tmircbca.  '  [ju!  Ml] 

t.  JAVBS  (ITrr-lSM),  DSTj  aptaln;  Un 
■Dder.  ITM :  poel  capt^n,  IBIi.      [iU.  901] 


Chrliloph«  Barter  [q.  y,]  -.  (rwinen 

of  Satloner.'  Oooi- 

STher'a  patent  for  BtntlKh  blblw.  pr 

™l  revennon  of  hla 
»5-er.booknn«tul«. 

»nF«d   'to  print  .11 

■all  book.  In  Latin. 

bible,  and  ill  cbart> 

and  map",  16W ;  his  mom  important 

puhllatlonwaalbe 

DftbtEnallrtblble. 

lail,  BDd  tbe '  Wicked-  blbla,  lUl. 

[liLlo;] 

BAHKZE,  Sm  ROBKKT  (17W7-1 

iBd).  o««r  ol  Eait 

India  Company  In  India,   17«;    capUin  0(  nrtlUePT  at 

ChaDdeniagore  and  Planer.  1738: 

maor  in   Vnper'i 

ma:   cBncluSsJ  t™atr  witb  the  Jl. 

rolled  with  Warm  HaHlon  and  re 
K.P.  lor  Walllnglord  :  pubUebed  ada 

tLimed  to  England; 

[111.  ma] 

^<^  of  driving  in 
1  BdiDb.mgh,  HolT- 

rood,  and  Olaigov,  and  In  Londm. 

17B1;    aubacqDHiUr 

CZK.  JOHN   (A   14«4>,  KhoUr: 
I  ESn^'f  Ctilrgc.  Oembridge ;    wt 


[iii.!01]        ofaeetatSpltbead,17M.  (ill.  lOt] 

BABKBH.  SAUUEL  (ia8e-173»),  bebrain;  imte  a 
Hebrew  frrammar.  pabUihed  1781.  [Ul.  tlO] 

BAXZBB,  THOMAS  <JI.  IMIX  antbor  ol  -Tbe  AR 
ol  AngUn^.'  1631;  probAblj  gained  a  liTlng  by  accom- 
panying gentlemen  on  Bfhlng  eipedltlona.         [iH,  SIO] 

BABSEB,  THOMAS  (17»-18iMX  KienUrt  andiDlt- 
cdlaneoiia  ff rLter :  published  ■AnAeconntoI  DlRCOTehea 


ii: 


[ULSUt] 
BriUBh  c 


Wii«the-dlfiDi _  . 

^  iiei—flam  Tim     Imprlionfld  fa. 

<WlM  a«tt»ti>B,  1«4S :  went  Id  OeDtnl  Ohio,  1831 ;  I 


.9-1817).  painter:  ittraeied 
Acnmakn-  ot  Rath,  who  providfld 
dying  In  Romei    painted  chiefly 

i'  and  ■  Old  Tom '  are  two  of  bli 
;   JOKES  (iai3-!»gt),  palnUr: 


■eat  o(  hommtl™  during  Fianct-Gennan  war,  1870 ;  bll 
workt  iDclude  'Ueetlng  of  Wellington  and  Blucher'  nod 
'  Nelson  on  board  the  Bun  Joiet.*  [ill.  IU] 

BAEKEB,  THOMAS  RICHARD  (17»»-18J0X  Inde- 
pendent  mi uifler ;  educated  at  CbTin'a  Honpiul;  paitoi 

Cibridge.l8S3-8;  tutor  In  ctasilcs  and  Hebrew.  Spring 
Hill  CMIege.  Blrraln^bam,  1B38-J0.  [ill.  913] 

.J  (/.  imil.  tiwulalor:    M.P. 

— . -ecretary  to  Duke  of  Norfolk,  lor 

oomplidty  In   whom  plot!  he  wan  confined  In  Tower, 

Greek.  Including  XcDophou'i  'C^iopiedia.'         [IlL  tl3] 
I,  WILLIAM  BTTHOKHARDT  (IglO  ?-16M), 
-nof  John  Barker  (1771-18*9)  [q.  T.J;  bom 

OronWa,  Syria  :  for  many  year*  official  iwldent  at  Tarau, 
and  iDbaBluenUy  profewr  vt  Arabic,  Torkiita,  BDidaii, 


and  Hindniteni,  Eton  OoU^e :  during  the  Orlmnn  w 
he  died :  piiblWiod  orimUl  irorki.                     [111.  SIS 

B.A..  Trinlljr 

(Wl^'^mbHd^  iVm 

luqniu?  anr 


■    UBO&Uf,    JOBS  (ICIS 


ftuDt-iroiEnuir  of  FolkLuid  lalaods,  lB8e-T.  and  t 

[Dlukt,  168S-W.  [Scippl.  I. 

BUXLY,    Bin   HENRY  rintE-IM»i>.  colwi 


HiDritR!''!' 


JuaUiH.  1863-8.  VIiRarim   ISM 
lud  0»pB  0o1mi7,  1870-7 :  higb  c 
Ler  for  Bettllupf  afTAin  of  territorin  ■dJHceq 
Inmliier  or  Oipe  Oolnn)',  1S70 :  prooUlmet  Orli 
■—  -  BriltolideMiiiJeiioy,  1B7I;  O.0,M.6„  11 
ra  MtemTit  to  force  fedomtlcn 


Brltiita  pcNBHlo 
1BS4  ;  P^fliL.  IKTO. 

JSuppl.  L  IS*] 
'leSTk  Buttior :  sill- 
Hull  (sfurwnnli 
Uooiln  College : 


bnpUin  □< 


BASEBSALE. 

Wwoater  CoUEBeX ' 
viixr  of  Herefor.)  . 
obnplaln  ta  Chandi 

tmAi  i^biid/  ol  rellttioui  chanustuT  [UL  91E] 

BAKKBTEAS,  JOHN  (ti.  LM3}.  regicide;  RoldMnilCb 

OoloDel  Taiu  ;  goiEnior  ol  llmdiiiH,  IMC:  oomnunded 
r^ment  at  i^wr  of  ODiobBtqr :  one  of  the  king'n  indgia. 
■— °- Trnor   of   YBnnoatli,  1S4II.  and  of  (ba  lava. 

MG  l  EKHp^  to  omtinait,  1B« :  united.  IMl  I 

Eoglsiid  lad  eieouted.  [Ul.  116] 

WILLUM  (/.  ISII),  actor  and  poM; 

ilJidrcD  ot  the  qoesn'B  rerc^ ' :  anthin'of  iCe 
ju  IhB  M«hEr  of  Teniu- (1807),  and 'Hlreu, 
reeke.'  1611,  [Ui.  SlI] 


IWI; 


XAKEW'tnTH  or  LlMoKnT.  MARK  (d.  IBOU  Bqoe- 
'  [tnrod  on  Biit'llBli  miwloo ;  liAiured  nt 
Ic  pr^ffit  Qnlawfiill;  abldipg  '     ** 


dlnini 

Tyniir  .  .  -„     -  — . 

XABLINa.  JOHN  (1BIH-Ig83),  dliwntlDB  mlniner. 
JiriiiHl  unitarians,  and  wm  minister  In  Halifni.  18M-a  ; 
pabllshal  nllglooi  trutlKa.  piL  tl8] 

BAXLOW.  BDWAIID,  knoH^i  an  AuaFuHiii  (1187- 
IMUBeoedlctireniouk;  fforkeJ  on  Engllah  mlsrion  In 

[Ei.  tlS]" 


I  (1783-1817), 
cini  «r>lLW. 
ll,  1798:<:tiic( 


',   PBAKCIS  {1S18?- 

ADd  enffraTer :  executed  plal^  for  . 
nrllb  iin.  Bebn'i  tranalutlon.  IBIS. 

BABLOV,    Sm    nKOaOB 
SOVpmoT-^na^ ;    appointed    to 

•eoreiwy  to  gotTBiDeDt,  l?H :  miiinttr 


gOTtniDr  of  Uadnw.  1W7 :  caased  great  dlxunitiDC  bj  td< 
Bdonomlcul  reTornu  In  tbe  army,  .n  nnnnctweful  maOiif 
being  tta<!  n»ult ;  recalled,  IS13.  [IIL  nO] 

BABLOW,  EEKBT  CLARK  <18l>e-lB7l),  writer  oD 
Dnulc :  sducated  aa  architect ;  atudent  at  Bqra!  Andnny ; 
rellnqulabfld  the  profsoatoa  in  conaeqafnoe  of  an  uddoDt- 
18t7 :  itgAol  oMdleinaat  Bdlnboigb :  1IJ)„1SS7:  derdtad 


nodled  IMUu :  In  IM^  1 


I;  ijmtt  ataj  ymn  In 


uoiipte  idadng  to , 

!(■  of  Bimpa ;  pabUdwd 'Orillcvl,  HlMort- 

.^..._,_     Ijof-DlriB, 

i  nlatlDg  to 
[ill.  Mil 


OoDiiDedla," '  >SU;  nntbor  of  raaoy  iroi 
Dante  and  Italy. 

BABLOW,     PETEB     [177B-1H9).    I 

phjaloiM,  and  opttrdan  ;  b '"-  '-  -'■- 

position:  acboobnaatar ;  i _. , . . 

(1801),  and  aabBqaeotlT,  till  IHT,  proEesaor  in  Boral 

MlUiaiy  Acwlemj:   htuocaijr  MXOJL,  ISSO;  r 

Society  of  Ar--'  — " — "-' ' "■ •-- 


fH 

1  UTidiim  ol  great 

pon.lRHi 

;  Bogi 

BABLOW, 


ikr-odinlral,  1H^3  ;  admiral,  1840: 
{RnppL  I.  IS?) 

Oregory^at  Dooaj.         [UL  D4] 

(inOJ-lflSlXbUbopot  linoobi: 

M-A.  QuaeD'a  College,  Oxford,  lASS ;  metapbyilcal  reader  u 
nnlTcMty,  IB34;  strongly  eupporlA]  vIeWB  tbeu  ooneidered 

again  at  the  Beitoratioii,  acoi -■---■*  *-■ — "  --  -■- 

of  dlilDlty,  and  prtijaodary  ' 
--■■-■-  ■ dliplayeditr 

.lare  bii  loyalty  to  Jams  II,au) 

tuniKlvhig  at  WUtlam  lll'a  acounan.    In  addlUoo  to 

learned  treatises  In  mnuiucrlpl.  [111.  )>4] 

BABLOW,  THOMAS  OLDHAM  (IBW-IWW),  inei». 


"iffi 


(Dented  platd  after  JQ 

9oDtb  Ken^igton,  1S86.  [SuppL  L  137] 

BOM AB  WORTHINGTON  (1831  ?-ISM>. 


BABLOW. 

D.S.  Oiford  :  cnnoti  or  st.lMytli'«,  Essex  -.  pnor  ot  ItlauJi- 
Dwre,  Tlptne,  IMS,  L»a.  151&,  DrDmehm.  c,  1194 ;  vrnta^ 
on  nipprdolan  of  Bromehlll  by  Wolsey.nserloaof  beretioal 
pamjihlctfl  wblcb  were  prolilbitoil.  16K.  tbe  aritbor  valvC' 

Rome,  10SO;  SLicnuively  prior  of  Haverfordvrvt  and 
Rifltiain ;  t>isliDn  of  St.  Anpb  and.  lator,  of  ^t,  DaTid^^ 
ItM:  founded  ObrlatOoUega  and  grammar  Hbool.  Brenon, 
lui:  blBbop  ot  BaUi  and  Wells.  Ist8:  resigmd  see  on 


BABLOW.  WILLIAM  (d.  IfllS),  h 
JI.A.,  St.  John's  Oollise,  OoBilirldgi- 
rauitjr  H^  IHO:  D.D,  UM:  duj 


[Hi.  lU] 
I,  AKK^  Lart  (ITEO-ietSX 

STIH-    wniU.I7T1.  lMH»d.'A 

(putilMad 

Bdio&^L , 

?  I"^."^?!?!        BicbHider  cbuntwr  on  kppoU.  Mid  rewmil  amBnnal 
''      •'"  ""^  ■    LtBanurdliton'tnlt  ti7ttaeHai«olI.«d>^  HP. 

noU.lflTS-lTM:  aDHlnDdlmpriBiHirorei 


(orSulIolli.lflTS-lTOI;  BDHliuidliiipriiDiiHiroreipnHlug 
openly  jliaSHtlr&fithni  mt  prooaedlngi  (OUowLag  diaoDrm 
of  Il;c  HooH  plot,  Itei-e  1  indgmaitagmliiithliii  nreml. 


XDW&BD     WILLIAM     (1781  _ 

?S?^l^^rii^''i/'B™t^''l'h^'    taiBbt«l.lMi;  M^.toBgryKtBdimuU., 
_  .  leiJ;   caa  Uring  of   BncUngtliorp,    jr^jT;.  n«rii»meiit  -  U  r  for  SuffoULlfloi. 


iSDlk,  ISM.  ISBG,  and 


THOUAS  <d.   ITU).  livaL 
17U  ;  inbllahed  icporla  id  cL.._ 
[1U.MT] 


r    C"-    1*8»-1(9«).     ..„. 

-"-w,  BnaenoH  OoU^k,  

;h  of  SoifUud,  bat  if t«rwdi 


mnKlf  JttMt,  uul  npportal  Jama  II :  lEctiuEr  Roral  Albert  HikU  OhonJ  Soolcty  (uow  Royil  Oboral 

ftUamoglij,  ttatna'm  ColkK^  IWT-B;  coRwtsd  SociBy):  pnoenlor  ol  Eton.  IHTS-SI;  eMond  prtndpil 

__.o-,^_...«___^i.,_,™_.. J.  ^  UoUdluUl  Scbool  ol  Mtuic.  lS»i-e;  knighted,  ISU; 

[iil.lBt]  ompOMd obUCy  Hond Toaf  —       .  . 


BABNES 


64 


BABNINaHAM 


AMBROSE  (1627-1710),  nonconformist; 
inerchant*ad venturer,  1666 ;  niiiyor  of  Newcastle,  1661 ; 
did  much  to  alleviate  sufferings  of  nonconformists  in 
Obarles  ITs  reign :  wrote  social  and  political  treatises. 

liiL  247] 
BAENES,  BAKNABE  (1669  7-1609),  poet ;  edacated  at 
Brasenosc  Oollege,  Oxford  ;  accompanied  Earl  of  Essex  to 
join  French  against  Parma,  1691  ;  issued  (perhaps 
privately)  Partheuophil  and  Parthenophe,  Sonnettes, 
Madrigals,  Elegies,  and  Odes,*  1693,  and  '  A  Divhie  Oen- 
tarie  of  Spirituall  Sonnets,*  1696.  In  his  play  *  The  Devil's 
Charter,*  parallels  have  been  found  to  passages  in  *  The 
Tempest  *  and  '  Cymbeline.*  [iU.  247] 

BARNES,  Sir  EDWARD  (1776-1838),  Ueutenaut- 
general ;  ensign,  1792 :  ooloneU  1810 :  on  staff  in  Peninsula, 
1812-14,  and  as  adjutant-general  in  campaign  of  1816, 
being  wounded  at  Waterloo ;  K.O.B. :  lieutenant-general, 
1825  ;  governor  of  Oeylon,  1824-81 ;  commander-in-chic< 
in  India,  and  Q.O.B.,  1881 ;  M.P.  for  Sudbury,  1887. 

[iii.  249] 

BARNES,  JOHN  (d.  1661),  Benedictine  monk ;  edu- 
cated at  Oxford,  and,  being  converted  to  Catholicism,  at 
Salamanca,  entered  Benedictine  monastery  at  Valladolid, 
and  was  professed,  1604 ;  onlained  priest,  1608 :  assistant 
of  English  mission.  1618;  banished  from  England;  di- 
vinity lecturer  /it  Douay  :  raised  suspicions  of  his  order, 
and  was  imprisoned  by  inquisition  at  Rome,  where  he 
died ;  published  religious  works.  [iiL  249] 

BARNES,  JOSHUA  (1654-1712),  Greek  scholar  and 
antiquary;  educated  at  Ohrist's  Hospital  and  Em- 
manuel OoUege,  Cambridge;  fellow,  1678;  M.A^  1679; 
B.D.,  1686 :  professor  of  Greek,  1696.  His  works  include 
*  Sacred  Poems,'  dramatic  pieces  in  English  and  Latin, 
a  'Life  of  Edward  III'  (1688),  an  edition  of  Homer 
(1710X  i^d  various  religious  treatLaes.  [iiL  260] 

BARNES,  JULIANA  (b.  1388  ?).    [See  BiCRKBRfl.] 

BARNES,  RIOHARD  (1532-1687),  bishop  of  Durham ; 
fellow  of  Brasenose  College,  Oxford,  1662;  M.A.,  1667; 
DJD.,  1679 ;  chancellor,  1661,  and,  later,  oanon-residentiary 
and  prebendary  oT  York ;  suffragan-biahop  of  Nottingham, 
1667  ;  bishop  of  Oarliale,  1670,  and  of  Durham,  1677. 

[iiL  262] 

BARNES,  ROBERT  (1496-1640X  profcestant  divine 
and  martyr ;  joined  convent  of  Ansthi  friars,  Cambridge, 
and  subsequently  became  prior  of  the  house :  D.D.,  1623 ; 
brought  before  vice-chancellor  of  Clare  Hall  tor  preaching 
sermon  of  puritanical  character,  and,  having  been  examined 
by  Wolsey  and  four  bishops,  was  called  upon  (1626)  to 
abjure  or  bum ;  abjured ;  committed  to  the  Fleet,  and 
afterwards  to  the  custody  of  the  Austin  friars ;  escaped 
to  Antwerp,  1628 ;  became  acquainted  with  Luther  and 
ottier  lef ormers ;  returned  to  London  on  Cromwell's  invi- 
tation, 1631 ;  sent  to  Germany  to  procure  from  Lutheran 
divines  approval  of  King  Henry's  divorce  and  second  mar- 
riage, 1635,  and  was  lUso  onployed  in  negotiating  marriage 
with  Anne  of  Cleves,  1639  ;  attacked  Gardiner  with  much 
scurrilous  abuse  at  St  Paul's  Cross ;  subsequently  asked 
and  received  the  bishop's  pardon,  but,  returning  to  bis 
old  doctrines,  was  imprisoned  nnder  bill  of  attainder  and 
ultimately  burned ;  published  relie^ous  tracts  in  Grerman 
and  English.  [iU.  263] 

BARNES,  THOMAS  (1747-1810X  unitarian  divine 
and  educational  reformer ;  minister  at  Cockey  Moor,  1768, 
and  at  Cross  Street  chapel,  Manchester,  1780-1810 ;  mainly 
instrumental  in  establishing  College  of  Arts  and  Sciences ; 
hon.  D.D.  Edinburgh,  17M ;  principal  of  Manchester 
CoUege,  e.  1784-98.  [UL  267] 

BARNES,  THOMAS  (1786-1841),  editor  of  the 
*Time:,*  1817-41 ;  educated  at  Christ's  Hospital  and  Pem- 
broke College,  Cambridge ;  acquainted  with  Hunt,  Lamb, 
and  Hazlitt.  [UL  267] 

BARNES,  WILLIAM  (1801-1886)  the  Dorsetshire 
poet ;  son  of  a  farmer  in  Vale  of  Blackmore ;  entered 
solicitor's  office  at  Dorchester,  1818 ;  master  of  a  school  at 
Mere.  Wiltshire,  1823 :  executed  woodcuts  for  several  pub- 
lications ;  contributed  to* County  Chronicle,'  1833,  *  Poems 
in  Dorset  Dialect,'  pnbUshed,  1844;  removed  school  to 
Dorchester,  1836;  entered  at  St  John's  College,  Cam- 
bridge, as  ten  years'  man,  1838 ;  B.D.,  1860 ;  pastor  of 
Whitoombe,  1847-62;  published  *  Philological  Grammar,* 
1864,  and  *Hwomely  Rhymes,*  1868;  rector  of  Came, 


1862-86.  His  works  include 'SeGefylsta:  an  Anglo-Saxon 
Delectus,'  1849  ;  '  Tiw  :  or  a  View  of  Roots  and  Stems  of 
English  as  a  Teutonic  Tongue,'  1862 ;  and  *  Grammar  and 
Glossary  of  Dorset  Dialect,*  1863.  His  poems  in  Dorset 
dialect  were  collected,  1879.  [SuppL  L  131] 

BARNESTAPOLIXrS,  0BERTU8  (d.  1699).  [See 
TuRNKR  Robert.] 

BARNET,  JOHN  (d.  1878),  bishop ;  prebendary  of  St. 
Paul's,  1847,  and  of  Lichfield,  1864  ;  bishop  of  Worcester, 
1362,  Bath  and  Wdls,  1863,  and  Ely,  1866;  treasurer  of 
England,  1368-70.  [UL  268] 

BARNETT,  CURTIS  (d.  1746X  commodore;  flag- 
lieutenant  to  Sir  Charles  Wagner  in  BalUo,  1726  ;  served 
as  commander  on  Irish  coast  1730 ;  in  Mediterranean, 
1731-4,  and  during  Spanish  war,  1740-2 ;  commodore  of 
squadron  in  E^wt  Indies  in  French  war,  1744 ;  died  at  Foirt 
St  David's.  [UL  268] 

BARNETT,  JOHN  (1802-1890X  singer  and  musical 
composer  ;  of  German  origin  ;  articled'  to  Samud  James 
Arnold  [q.  v.]  ;  first  appeared  in  public  at  I^roenm,  1813, 
and  continued  to  sing  till  1817 :  mnsiced  director  at 
Olympic,  1882 ;  composed  *  Mountain  Sylph,*  opera,  pro- 
duced at  Lyceum,  1884,  and  *Fair  Rosamund'  (Drory 
Lane),  1837;  opened  St  James's  Theatre  for  English 
opera,  but  achieved  small  success:  devoted  himsdf  to 
teaching  singing ;  published  *  School  tor  the  Voice,'  1844. 
[SuppL  L  183] 

BARNETT,  MORRIS  (1800-1866),  actor  and  drama- 
tist ;  played  with  gretit  success  Tom  Drops  in  the  *  Scbool- 
feUows  *  (Douglas  Jerrold)  at  Drury  Lane,  1888 ;  wrote 
several  popular  dramas  including  *  Monsieur  Jacques  *  and 
*The  Serious  Family* ;  on  staff  of  *  Morning  Post*  and 
<Bra.'  [UL2eO] 

BARNEWALL,  ANTHONY  (1721-17S9X  officer  in 
the  German  army ;  son  of  John,  Seventh  lord  Trimles- 
ton:  served  in  Germany  wiUi  HamUton*s  cninuMlen; 
UUed  at  Krotska.  [ML  SflO] 

BARNEWALL,  JOHN,  third  Baron  Trziclestok 
(1470-1638X  high  chancellor  of  Ireland ;  second  justice  of 
king's  bench  1609 ;  high  treasurer  of  Ireland,  1624 ;  high 
chanoeUor,  1684-8.  [UL  260] 

BARNEWALL,  NI(]HOLAS,  first  Vi^jCOUXT  KiNoa- 
LAXD  (1692-1668X  M.P.  for  co.  Dublin  in  Irish  parUa- 
ments,  1634  and  1689 ;  fied  on  outbreak  ai  Irish  rebdlioo, 
1643  ;  created  Viscount  Kingsland,  1646.  [iU.  261] 

BARNEWALL,  NICHOLAS,  Vbixd  Vibcoukt  Kings- 
LAND  ( 1668-1 726X  captain  in  James's  Irish  army,  1688  ; 
outlawed;  subscribed  Irish  catliolic  petition  against  in- 
fraction of  treaty  of  Limerick,  1708.  [UL  261] 

BARNEWALL  or  BARNWALL,  Sir  PATRICK  (<f. 
1622),  statesman ;  imprisoned  in  DubUn  and  afterwards  in 
Tower  for  supporting  petition  in  favour  of  those  who  re- 
fused to  attend  protestant  diurch  on  Sundays,  16M; 
opposed  creation  ot  new  boroughs  in  Irdand,  1613. 

[IiL  261] 

BARNEWALL,  RICHARD  VAUGHAN  (178a-184SX 
lawyer ;  called  to  bar  at  Inner  Temple,  1806 ;  reported  in 
court  of  king's  bench,  1817-1834.  [iU.  262] 


JOSEPH  (1761-1827),  fruit  and  flower 
painter ;  studied  under  Zucchi  and  Angelica  Elauffmann ; 
drawing  master  at  Royal  MiUtary  Academy.     [UL  262] 

BARNFIELD,  RICHARD  (1674-1627),  poet;  B.A. 
Brasencee  CoUege,  Oxford,  1692 ;  published  *  Affectionate 
Shepherd  *  (1694X  *  Cynthia,  with  certain  Sonnets  *  (1696X 
and  other  poems  (1698X  including  two  pieces,  which  ap- 
peared in  tht  'Passionate  Pilgrim,*  1699, and  were  long 
attributed  to  Shakespeare.  [UL  262] 

BARNHAM,  BENEDICT  (1659-1698X  merchant  and 
benefactor  of  St  Alban's  Hall,  Oxford,  where  he  was 
educated ;  Uveryman  of  Drapers*  Cmnpany ;  alderman  of 
London,  1691 ;  member,  Society  of  Antiquaries,1672. 

[iU.26S] 

BARNHAK,  Sir  FRANCIS  (4.  1646  ?X  parUamen- 
tarian ;  knighted,  1608  ;  M.P.  for  Grampound,  1603  and 
1614,  and  Mafdstone,  1621, 1624, 1629,  and  1640 ;  supported 
parliamentarians  in  civU  war.  [iU.  264] 

BARNDTOHAK,  JOHN  (d.  14481  theologian ;  eda- 
cated at  Oxford  and  Pl^ris ;  prior  of  White  (]anneUtes  at 
Ipswich;  wrote rdigions treatiMB.  [iiL264] 


BAXntOlf.  JOHN  (d.  1«M).  dlTliie:  1 
tDHODtlcn, 'nhsiL  whmbcaidiitKEd.lsn, 
n  Bcbcpi :  [nbtuilUT  at  SnUabur;,  IWO ;  1 


ant  dinliK  In  XivlHuil 
m.inip«n  »  deauiul, 
cLorcti  at  Ebgluiii. 


wawmt  or  XABBOV.  BARTHOLOHBW  or  BONA- 
TX9TDEA.  14.  MMh  IrUi  FnnolHU  Hd  iBiKcUueod* 
witnr:iBB(^PniMlHuiicdKiii  tUlT.  c.  1«H:  Und 
a  Klksa  bI  BL  lAtan.  Bam*:  naoHBlnljr  pmrlnoU 
■  ■MiiwiJ  nritin-tr— 1 •*  -——-"'--"—■'■  epoit 


T  BAXROH.  OBOFFRBY  id.  1 


fDCMIiBi  ™  l«tllu5  of 


taH*ti.Uu*;  |)nadHdMGIoaoiMcr:plvricUuuiO«in»1 
uT^UT:  -^"'■i<Mth»RnT»lmiiJ«tT.ma:nitlradUl 
rTIMiilMiii  isn :  (mndir  «f  Hnllcal  BeiWTQlEiit  Fund. 
■ad  KMTa  ■onutttr  of ^--.--  -- 


(1JT»7-lM8).K>liilEr  uid  nplonr;  BiuJionn  sowsoom 
Wita  oorpi,  IBOO;  flnm^nr  u  Pipalitlun  U>  Bm«'« 
Smlu  (of  wlilcli  hr  prepureil  '■!««•)  «iicl  llunW^lmr. 

Oiadiiliiune,  IBIU;  Eniveyal  BHtiul».  11119-17:  brcrt 
llcatoKDl-ajIcmd,  IBM.  [ill'  S^'l 

BABBATT,  ALFRED  (IBU-lWl).  pldlcmphlml 
writB ;  edueUol  H  Bistay :  BA.  BoUIdI  ColW^  Oiloid. 
18U :  rdkw  or  BnMiH«  CdUib*.  I)0B  ^  txllol  lo  tha 
bM,  IMS;  McreUry  of  Oifnnl  DnJienltJ  omnDiliuioft 
IB80;  publlnUai '  Phr>i™l  EUilca.'  ISM,  mid  left  nnllnirfinl 
>  work  ou  -PliyBlcl  MetBinplrio.-  tl".  "*! 


BAKRAIID,  KK.VBY<ISll-ia74),  p 
hieflf  portralta  st  Roy»l  Acadenij,  IMl 
BABBAD]),  WILLlAU(mo-18W),  iwlia 


Ip-Jnu 


tSH:  breUMTOf  Henry  BunudCq.T.]  [ULIIt] 

aABBl.IBAAO(ITM-1801X  colwiel  unci  poUticlu: 
Bt»dmlod«l  Trinity  ColtaBuDolilin,  17«  ;  ktybI  under 
Wolla  a^ilnit  Bosfastort,  1787  ;  M.r.  lot  ridpittw  Wj-- 
innilje.l7«l-74.uidi:k]Dc.l7T«-lU:  ■diiitiiaL«Ei>iml  ud 
gonruai  at  StUllug,  H(U-4 ;  vioe-lreMiirer  of  IrdUini  ind 


Lud^ ;  envoy  to  v*p*l 
keeper  of  mtt  »™J,  11 
jujUce  ol  fcinir't  ooort, 


uvy  :  UltflrprnteT  bj 
lUblUbcd  'Hillary  i 


o  UimlHO. 


M8t.iW'»Ujr'«Ctill^.Bt.. 

■Bl  M  ¥uiKtol  ODUqtt.  Aberdeen  ^  mlDuiWr 
friuii,  Alj«iita«.l«»4:DJ)„I°'"- --'•"■'—'  — ' 
■odatber  nliKioa  wrlUngh 

BABOV,  BOB£BT  (/.  lUtK  noM  ud  dramAtdiC: 
■1—BniT  at  Cwabridgi.  Hli  pubLsUoiu  Include  -Cy- 
ivbB  AndanT,'  IMT,  wldcta,  villi  otbir  ol  Ida  worki 
««iiM  wbalE  iBniiim  Iram  tUllOD'i  minor  losni 
(lC4»>,-ICItv,-*  tnn§7.  iwmMl-W  DmhHirt  ■  Bopby; 
(IM3>:  ■^■Apntog&toc  Full,*  1M«.  ■Diu' puMca  oj 
vbteb  (R  imibly  ImitaKd  Imm  Jmion'i 'Cat 
wM  ■  itatal  ptagiiiMi  but  n>  deteetal 


coutnnniit 
cut  27U] 


[lU.S7of 


BAXOB.  STEPKBX  (■*.  li: 
;fai  9lhct  Otecrrmiiae :  codTov 
rivUl  <tf  bit  dids  la  BugUnd. 

BABOMBor  BABHK. 


"►■J 


ysttukcd.     [[U.37e] 
jnOK.  tlie  eWa  (17W7-I7B4X  pililleT  L 
aymuker  In  Dublin,  wlHm  li«  »cudi«l 
mogUt  drawliw;    »niii  to  EngUmd, 

^HeiSL  HiSi^tS."  ^^5771  ' 

BABBBT,  OBOIKJE.  the  yirangtr  (d.  1M»>,  pulnlet ! 

BotnTtlirS8V-17»tl  tcj.".]  :  Enhlbitsl oWeflT 

ItovAl  Aademy,  from  171*,  knd  mt  ikwlc^ 

„ ,___    ,-.^_4j,  [Ul.  «»] 


d  pTctieiHljiry  of  Norwldi ; 


LUiKlmni.  1GA6,  rthcR.  ht 


_.J  frlnrof  Killg'l 
if  Blakop'i!  TliDTpe, 


forto.    [111.1783 


ninlsMTJ  of  chaplm 
nWrbury;  dTOUtal  10  rep 

ai;  iDHleiof  nillhltUI:  t 


BABOVmALZ,  WILLIAM  (if.lHKI,  pliy^dB 
BL  Ji4ui'>  t'flUwi. CmoiBridge.  I&W:  Unaero  lee 
■kUbik;  tjCr.;  pn^dent OoBeKe  of  Fhyilotiu 


BABBXT,  jngBPU  <1Bevl6Da),  [cUiiioai  wi 
ofjohn  auTvC  (1831-1713)  [q.  V.];  In  bu>lac>, 
tlnijhBin;  td>  'Knuiilue'upinrvl,  17(HI.  [I 

BAXEBT,  PATRICK  (d.  NlEk  bicbop  of  Pel 
Iord.l4(MI;  cluii«11orn(Inliuid,lllu-13;  oinip 
togne  of  htabop.  ol  Fern..  [! 

BAB^T.  RICHARD  (d.  KM).  caUwlie  dlr 


,t  Doii4iy  »iid  U 

DD  lU  r^iovnl  tlieuee,  Bt  Doiuy.    [liU  ^79] 
r,  nOBERTiJf.  ISOU),  mlllUij  ond  poetlal 


r   BAXKOT, 

totaK  and  lodge  ^  prctmdnrT  of 
«iiUi,>Ml:  Duler  la  cbuca 


■  of  ureul  *»!, 
[lU-mj 


Lou>  (d.  ICM).    [SB  Hit. 
JOHX  JAMBS  (A  iai»), 
tl  Lmdon  aoidityol  ArtliU :  onlirratcd  I  Uoiim. 

m.  [111.  mi    I 


WILLIAM    (J<. 

Colkge,  Oambrtdgi.  IHu 
bitbop  Will  Vict  for  pmcliiiiR  ai 


lUeqnenliy  llval  nn  biyniui  la 


y 


BAKRBTT 


66 


BAEROW 


BAXEETT,  BATON  STANDARD  (1786-1830X  poeti- 
cal writer  ;  studied  at  Middle  Temple,  Loudon  ;  published 
*  Woman,  and  other  Poems,*  1810,  and  several  political 
satires.  [lU.  381] 

BA&BETT,  ELIZABETH  (1809-1861).   [See  Bhowx- 

INO.] 

BAESETT,  OBOBOE  (1763-18ilX  actuary  to  Hope 
Life  Office,  1813.  He  prepared  a  series  of  life  tables,  por- 
tions of  which  only  were  pubUahed.  [ilL  281] 


r,  JOHN  (<f.  1810),  navy  captain ;  lieutenant 
in  navy,  1793;  made  post-captain  after  capture  of  St. 
Lucia,  1795 ;  served  against  Danes,  1808 ;  wrecked  and 
drowned  while  convoying  Baltic  trade.  [iiL  S8S] 

BAEEETT,  JOHN  (1753-18S1),  divine:  feUow  and 
M.A,  Trinity  CoUege,  Dublhi,  1778 ;  D.D.,  1790 :  vice- 
provost,  1807.  His  publications  include  an  astrological 
wOTk  on  the  Zodiac ;  he  edited  the  *  Godex  Z  Dublinensis 
Bescriptns,*  disooveied  while  examining  manuscripts  in 
Trinity  OoUege,  1787.  [iii.  882] 

BAEEETT,  LUOAS(  1837-1862),  geologist  and  natural- 
ist ;  educated  at  University  College  School :  studied  at 
Ebersdorf ;  made  voyages  to  Shetland.  Norway,  QreeiUand, 
and  Spain,  studying  marine  fauna  ;  curator  of  Woodward- 
ian  Museum,  Oambridge,  and  fdlow  Geological  Society, 
1865  :  director  of  geological  survey  of  Janwica,  1859 ;  lost 
his  life  off  Port  Boyal  while  diving  to  investigate  Jamaican 
coral  reefs.  [iii.  888] 

BAEEETT,  STEPHEN  (1748-1801),  classical  teacher; 
M.A.  University  College,  Oxford.  1744;  master  at  free 
school,  Ashford ;  held  living  of  Hothfldd,  Kent,  1778- 
1801.  His  works  include  a  Latin  translation  of  Pope's 
♦Pastorals,'  1746.  [lil.  284] 

BAEEETT,  WILLIAM  (1783-1789),  surgeon  and  an- 
tiquary :  qualified  as  surgeon,  1755  :  collected  materials 
for  history  of  Bristol  (published,  1789%  accepting  from 
Thomas  Ohatterton  [q.  v.]  as  authentic  the  forged  '  How- 
Iqr '  manuscripts,  1789 :  F.S.A.,  1775.  [iiL  284] 

BAEEI,     GIRALDUS     DB    (1146  7-1220?).       [See 

GlRALDUS  OaMBRENSIB.] 

BAEEIEOTOK,  DAINES  (1727-1800),  lawyer,  onti- 
quary«  and  naturalist ;  son  of  John  Shute,  first  viscount 
Barringtou  [q.  v.]  ;  called  to  bar  at  Inner  Temple ;  mar- 
shal of  high  court  of  admiralty,  1751 ;  justice  of  counties 
of  Merioneth,  Carnarvon,  and  Anglesey,  1757 ;  recorder  of 
Bristol,  1764  ;  K.C.,  and  bencher  of  his  inn  ;  second  jus- 
tice of  Chester,  1778-85 ;  vice-president  of  the  Society  of 
Antiquaries ;  commissary-general  of  stores  at  Gibraltar 
till  death:  said  to  have  induced  White  to  write  his 
♦Natural  History  of  Selbonie.'  His  writings  include 
*  Observations  on  the  Statutes,*  1766,  and  a  tananslation  of 
King  Alfred's  *  Oiosius,'  1773.  [ilL  286] 

BAEEIE6T0E,  GEORGE  (6.  1755X  pickpocket  and 
author ;  real  name  Waldron  ;  ran  away  from  school  and 
joined  a  company  of  strolling  players,  assuming  name 
George  Barrington  :  turned  pickpocket ;  came  to  London, 
and  having  been  twice  sentenced  to  bard  labour,  was 
ultimately  transported  for  seven  years  to  Botany  Bay, 
1790 ;  released  In  consideration  of  good  behaviour,  1792 ; 
became  superintendent  of  convicts  and  high  constable  of 
Paramatta, New  South  Wales:  published  description  of 
voyage  to  Botany  Bay  (1801-3)  and  historical  works  rdat- 
ing  to  Australia.  [ill.  288] 

BAEEINOTOK,  JOHN  SHUTE,  first  Viscount 
Barrington  ( 1 678-1 734X  lawyer,  polemic,  and  Christian 
apologist :  originally  named  Shutk  ;  Ph.D.  and  L.A.M. 
Ut««cht :  called  to  bar  at  Inner  Temple ;  sent  to  Scotland 
to  vdn  presbyterian  support  for  the  union;  Inherited 
estates  in  Essex  and  assumed  name  of  Barrington,  1709 ; 
published  *  Dissuasive  from  Jaoobitism,*  1713:  M.P.  for 
Berwlck-upon-Twced,  1715  and  1722;  raised  to  p^jerage, 
1730 :  expelled  from  House  of  Commons  for  connection 
with  Harburg  lottery,  which  \va^  pHtronlsed  by  the  king 
and  Prince  of  Wales,  1723 ;  published  a  *  History  of  the 
ApoeUes  *  and  (1701-5)  works  relatiug  to  rights  of  protes- 
tant  dissenters.  [ill.  289] 

BAEEIK6T0E,  Sir  JONAH  (1760-1834),  lawyer: 
educated  at  Trinity  College,  Dublin  ;  called  to  bar ;  judge 
lu  admixaltyt  1798 ;  member  for  Tuam  in  Irish  House  of 


Commons,  1798-8,  and  for  Bannagher,  1799-1800 ;  deprived 
of  office  for  appropriating  money  paid  into  his  court,  1880 ; 
died  at  Versailles ;  wrote  works  relating  to  history  of  Ire- 
Und.  [iiL  291] 

BAEEDTOTOK,  SAMUEL  (1729-1800),  admiral :  son 
of  John  Shute,  first  viscount  Barrington  [q.  v.] ;  lieuten- 
ant, 1745  :  served  under  Hawke  In  Basque  Roads  expedi- 
tion, 1757 ;  under  Rodney  at  destraction  of  shipping  a^ 
Havre-de-GrAce,  1759 ;  with  Hon.  J.  Byron  at  Lonisbonrg, 
1760,  and  with  Keppd  at  Belle  Isle,  1761 ;  flag-captaiii 
under  Duke  of  Cumberland,  1768;  attached  to  Channel 
fleet,  1771-4:  commander-in-chief  in  West  Indies,  1778; 
took  St.  Lucia ;  superseded  by  Byron ;  served  as  second  in 
oommand  at  Grenada :  second  in  command  of  Channel 
fleet,  1779  and  1782 ;  admiral,  1787.  [iiL  291] 

BAEEIK6T0E.  SHUTE  (1734-1826),  divine ;  brother 
of  Samuel  Barrington  [q.  v.] ;  educated  at  Eton ;  M  JL 
Mert<m  College,  Oxford,  1757;  chaplain-ln-ordinary  to 
George  III,  1760 ;  canon  of  (Christ  Church,  1761 :  D.O.L^ 
1762  :  held  a  sUU  at  Windsor,  1776 ;  bishop  of  Llaudaff, 
1769,  SalUbury,  1782,  and  Durham,  1791  tUl  his  death, 
when  he  was  count  palatine  and  costos  rotolotnm  of 
Durham  ;  published  ruigious  \«'orks.  [IIL  2M] 

BAEEnrOTOE,  WILLIAM  WILDMAN,  second  Vis- 
count Barrinoton  (1717-1793),  statesman ;  brother  of 
Shute  Barrington  [q.  v.]  ;  M.P.  for  Berwick-upon-Tweed, 
1740,  and  Plymouth,  1754  and  1755  ;  introduced  plan  for 
formation  of  militia,  1745:  lord  commissioner  of  ad- 
miralty, and  member  of  committee  for  impeachment  of 
Lovat,  1746 ;  privy  councillor,  1755 ;  chancellor  of  ex- 
chequer, 1761 ;  treasurer  of  navy,  1762  ;  secretary  at  war, 
1765-78 ;  joint  postmaster-general,  1782.  [ilL  896] 

BAEEITT,  THOMAS  (1748-1820),  antiquaiy:  col- 
tooted  and  investigated  antiquities  in  neighbourhood  of 
Manchester.  [IiL  896] 

BAEEOE,  HUGH  (<f.  1791%  portrait-painter ;  pupQ 
of  Reynolds ;  worked  In  Llsbou  aiid  Borne :  exhibited  at 
Royal  Academy,  1783  and  1786.  [UL  896] 

BAEEOE,  WILLIAM  AUGUSTUS  (/.  1777X  land- 
scape painter ;  brother  of  Hugh  Barron  [q.  v.] ;  held 
position  in  exchequer.  [iiL  896] 

BAEEOXrOH,  PHILIP  ifi.  1590),    [See  Barrow.] 

BAEEOW,  Sir  GEORGE  (1806-1876),  author ;  son  of 
Sir  John  Barrow  [q.  v.]  ;  clerk  in  colonial  office,  1821ft ; 
secretary  to  order  of  St  Mlchad  and  St.  George,  1870l 
His  works  Include  ♦The  Valley  of  Tears,'  a  volume  of 
poems.  [UL  296] 

BAEEOW  or  BAEEOWB,  HENRY  {d.  1698),  church 
reformer ;  B.A.  C^re  Hall,  Cambridge,  1570 ;  entered 
Gray's  Iim,  1576 ;  led  a  profligate  life,  but  subsequently 
gave  himself  up  to  stndy  of  the  bible :  made  the  ac- 
quaintance of  Greenwood,  and  largely  adopted  '  Brownist  * 
tenets ;  arrested  at  instance  of  Whitgift,  and  examined 
by  legal  and  ecclesiastical  Ruthoritiee,  1586 ;  imprlscnied 
lu  Fleet  for  denying  their  authority ;  pnblidied  with  two 
feUow-prlsoners  an  account  of  the  examination  and 
other  works,  for  which  they  were  arraigned,  and  ulti- 
mately hanged  at  Tyburn.  His  principles  required  the 
admission  of  the  supreme  authority  of  Jesus  Christ  and 
of  Holy  Scripture.  [iiL  897] 

BAEEOW,  ISAAC  (1630-1677),  divine  and  mathe- 
matical and  cloasioal  scholar ;  educated  at  Cniarterhouse, 
Felstead,  and  Peterhouse,  Cambridge ;  BJL.  Trinity  Col- 
lege, Cambridge,  1648 ;  fellow,  1649 :  M.A.,  1658 ;  Incor- 
E orated  M.A.  Oxford,  1653  :  travelled  abroad,  1655-9 ;  took 
oly  ordars,  1659 ;  professor  of  Greek  at  Cambridge,  1660, 
and,  later,  of  geometry  at  Gresham  College  :  first  Lncaslan 
professor  of  mathematics  at  Cambridge,  1668 :  resigned 
in  favour  of  his  pupil,  Isaac  Newton,  1669,  having  pre- 
vlouKly  resigned  the  Gresham  professorship :  wrote  *  Ex- 
position of  the  Creed,  Decalogue,  and  Sacraments,*  1669 : 
D.D.  by  royal  mandate,  1670 ;  master  of  Trinity,  where  he 
founded  tiie  library,  1672  ;  published  ♦  Euclidis  Elementa,* 
1655,  and  ♦  Archimedis  Opera,'  1676.  As  a  mathemaUcbui 
he  was  considered  by  his  contemporaries  second  only  to 
Newton,  while  no  more  perfect  piece  of  oontrovendal 
writing  than  his  treatise  on  the  ♦  Pope's  Supremacy  *  (1680) 
is  extant.    His  Bermons  now  rank  among  the  fineiL 

CiiLSM] 


•7 


? 


iW,  IBAAO  (1614-1680),  diTine;  fcUow  of 
Felaboiae.OBiiibiidge ;  ejeoled  frtnn  fdlowahip  M  royaliit, 
UU;  GkafilaiB  of  Kew  Ooikge,  Oxford,  164S-4 ;  returned 
to  Mlo«ibi|»,  1660 :  bidiop  of  Sodor  and  Man,  166S,  and 
mciaor  «(  Ilk  of  Man,  1664 ;  translated  to  St.  Aiaph, 

[iiL»8] 

,  JOHN  (Jl.  1766),  geographical  compiler ; 
eonpOed  hirtory  of  tbe  ditooTcriei  made  by  Eoxtmeans  in 
dIffacBt  parti  of  tbe  world,  1766.  [tii  806] 


,  8iB  JOHN  (1764-1848).  secretary  of  the 
bom  of  homble  parents ;  timekeeper  and  sab- 
MTtawr  tn  a  LiTcrpool  ironfoondry:  comp> 
o<  homwhoM  In  soite  of  Lord  Macartney:  prirate 
to  Macartney  at  Gape  of  Good  Hope,  whither  he 
on  mlwion  to  reconcile  Boers  and  KafBrs,  and  to 
etifealB  toporrapfaieal  information;  auditor-general  of 
palifie  reoords ;  lired  near  Table  Mountain,  1800-S ;  re- 
~  to  Bngiaad,  180S;  second  secretary  of  the  ad- 
1804-6  and  1807-46 ;  hon.  D.C.L.  Bdiuborgh, 
101 ;  created  baronet,  1886  ;  founder  of  Royal  Geographi- 
cal Soctetj  ;  oootribnted  to  the  *  Sncyclopsedia  Britannica.' 
ffis  works  indnde  *  Yoyages  of  XMsooveiy  and  Research  in 
tlK  Arctic  RcBioaa,*  an  *  A.ntobiography,*  and  Tolnmes  de> 
aerlpttreof  btatrairela.  [iU.  806] 

or  BABSOXTGH,  PHILIP  (Ji.  1690X 
writer:  licensed  by  Cambridge  University  to 
cbiroigery  and  physio:  published  ^Method  of 
'  1660.  [iii.  808] 

^  THOMAS  (if.  1497  ?).    [See  BAROWis.] 

TH03iAS  (1747-1818),  learned  Jesuit; 
laakied  great  serrioes  to  English  academy  at  Liege  and 
to  Btoojhorst  GoUege ;  published  verses  in  Hebrew  and 
-     -  [Ui.  808] 

\  WILLIAM  (1610-1679)1    [See  Wahlnq.] 


,  WILLIAM  (1764-1886X  divine :  gained  at 
<^aam*9  OoU^ge,  Oxford,  1778,  ofaanceUor*s  prise  for  essay 
WBdacation*  (enlarged  and  published,  1809);  D.ClZ, 
sad  Bampion  lecturer,  17iM ;  prebendary,  1816,  and  vicar- 
SOKrai,  1881,  of  coDegiate  church  of  Eatm ;  archdeacou 
of  NottiDgbam,  1880-S ;  F.8.A.  [Ui.  808] 


WILUAM  (168S-1761),  physician: 
MJX  Bnmanoet  OoUege,  (Cambridge,  1718:  F.C.P.,  1718; 
F.R&,  1711 ;  joint  physician  to  St.  Bartholomew's,  1760 ; 
poblidbed  work  on  anatomy.  [UL  309] 


r,  Mrs.  ANK  SPRANOER  (1784-1801),  actress ; 
•ie  Street :  married  an  actor  named  Dancer,  aiid  played 
in  RrtBDoath  and  York,  e.  1766 :  played  Oordelia  (to 
Lesr  of  Spranger  Barry  [q.  v.],  whom  she  married), 
Juliet,  Dfdfmona,  and  other  parts  at  Dublin,  1768-67 ; 
•t  Haymarlni,  1767,  where  she  soon  gained  great  reputa- 
HoB.  Her  last  appearance  was  at  Oovent  Garden  as 
Udy  Randolph  her  great  character,  1798.        [iiL  309] 


Sir  (MARLES  (1796-1860X  architect: 
irtided  as  surteyor  in  Lambeth,  1810-16 ;  regularly 
exUfaited  at  Boyu  Academy  :  travelled  in  France,  Italy, 
Qreeoe,  Tnzkey,  and  Egypt,  1817-90 ;  built  houses  of  Tra- 
veOen*  Olnb  (188»-81X  Reform  Club,  Pall  MhII  (1837); 
sad  Brfdgewater  Hoose  (1847);  RJL ;  queen's  gold 
BHdallist  lor  architecture:  gained  first  premium  in 
BooBSi  of  Parliament  competiUon,  1886,  and  was  occu- 

Cl  ia  building  them,  1840  60.    They  were  finished  by 
■m.  Ed«-ard  M.  Barry  [q.  v.]  [iU.  31U] 


Sib  DAVID  (1780-1886X  physician  and 
phystologisi:  suryeoii  in  army  in  Pteniusula ;  published 
works  oo  inflnence  of  atmospheric  pressure  on  bodily 
:  MJ). ;  F.RA  [ilL  313] 


DAVID  FITZ-DAVID,  first  Earl  of 
Babktmobk  (1606-1642X  soklier :  served  Sj^ainst  Scots, 
im,  and  supported  royal  cause  in  Irdaud,  1641-3  ;  pro- 
bibly  died  from  wxmnds  received  at  battle  of  LlscarroL 

[iU.  313] 
BAUtr,  DAVID  FITZJAMES  DK,  VncouxT  Bam- 
Tunr  (1660-1617X  8oi<Uer ;  second  eon  of  James  Barry 
loe,  viwoont  Bottevant :  sucoeedad  to  title,  1581,  during 
Me  sf  his  dder  brother,  who  was  deaf  and  dumb  ;  sup- 
pKttA  Desmood*s  rebellion,  1679-83,  but  during  Hugh 
OrSciirs  rebcOkn,  1684-1608,  served  against  the  rebels. 

rUL  813] 
lAIXT,  8n  EDWARD  (1696-1776).  physldan :  MJ). 
Uydea,  1719,  and  Trinity  OdUt^  DuUhi,  1740 ;  F.B.S. 


1788 :  fellow  of  King  and  Queen's  OoUege  of  Physielana 
(Ireland),  1740;  president.  1749:  P.O.  P.  Loudon,  1769: 
created  baronet,  1776  ;  professor  of  pliysic,  Dublin :  pub- 
lished medical  works.  [Ui.  814] 

BABBT.  EDWARD  (1769-1899),  religious  and  medical 
writer ;  MJ>.  St  Andrews ;  curate  of  St  Marylebone, 
London ;  grand  chaplain  to  the  freemasons ;  published 
medical  and  theological  works.  [iii.  314] 

BABBY,  EDWARD  MIDDLETON  (1880-1880),  archi- 
tect :  son  of  Sir  Charlss  Barry  [q.  v.] ;  educated  at 
King's  College,  Loudon  ;  rebuilt  Covent  Garden  Theatre, 
1867,  and  Floral  Hall,  1868 :  R.A.,  1869 ;  professor  of 
architecture  at  Royal  Academy,  1878-8P:  treasurer  of 
the  Academy,  1874 ;  competed  for  Albert  Memorial,  1869, 
and  for  Law  Courts,  1867.  Among  his  works  are  the 
New  Palace,  Westminster,  1866-8,  new  picture  galleries 
added  to  the  National  Gallery,  1871-6,  and  Inner  Temple 
Buildinga,  1876-9.  [iii.  316] 


.,  ELIZABETH  (1668-1718X  actress;  owed 
her  entrance  on  Uie  stage  to  patronage  of  Earl  of  Roches- 
ter ;  first  appeared  at  Dorset  (harden  as  Isabdla,  queen  of 
Hungary  in  *  Mustapha,'  1678  ;  *  created*  more  than  one 
hundred  rOles,  including  Monimia  (tbe  '  Orphan ').  Cor- 
delia (Tate*s  version  of  *  King  Lear '),  Belvidera  C  Venice 
Preserved  *),  Cassandra  (Dryden's  *  Cleomenes  'X  and  Zara 
(Oongreve's  *  Mourning  Bride') ;  retired,  1710.  [IiL  817] 

BABBY,  GEORGE  (1748-1806X  toponaphical  writer ; 
minister  at  Kirkwall,  1789,  and  Shapinshay,  1798 ;  D.D. 
Edinburgh,  1804 ;  published  *  History  of  Orkney  Isbmds,* 
1806.  [iii  819] 


r,  GERAT  or  GERALD  (Jl.  1694-1649X  colonel 
in  the  Spanish  army :  served  in  Spanish  army  in  Low 
Oountries  and  Germany  ;  distinguished  himself  at  siege  of 
Breda,  1696  (of  which  he  published  an  account,  1698X  and 
subsequently  as  colond  in  Ireland  during  rising  of  1641, 
for  assisting  which  he  was  outlawed,  1649 ;  published 
*  Military  DiscipUne,'  1684.  [UL  819] 

BABBY.  HEKRY  (1760-1899),  colonel ;  ensign,  1768; 
aide-de-camp  and  private  secretary  to  Lord  Rawdon  dur- 
ing American  war ;  served  in  India :  colonel,  1798. 

[iiL  890] 

BABBY,  JAMES,  Baron  Saktry  (1608-1679  X  lawyer : 
recorder  of  Dublin  ;  prime  serjeant-at-law,  1699  ;  seoood 
baron  of  exchequer  and  knighted,  1684 ;  chairman  of 
Dublin  convention  which  voted  unconditional  restoration 
of  Charles  II,  1659 :  appointed  chief- justice  of  king's 
bench  and  created  Baron  Santry,  1660.  [iU.  330] 

BABBY,  JAMES  (1741-1806X  painter ;  studied  under 
West  at  DubUn :  exhibited  at  Dublin,  and  secured  friend- 
ship of  Burke,  who  brought  him  to  London,  1763.  and 
introduced  him  to  Reynolds  and  others :  visited  Paris  and 
Rome :  R.A.,  1773 ;  published  'luquiry  into  Obstructioiw  to 
Arte  in  England,'  1775;  exhibited  at  Royal  Academy, 
1771-6 :  decorated  the  walls  of  tbe  Society  of  Arts  with 
six  pictures  on  subject  of  'Human  Culture,'  1777-83; 
received  Society  of  Arts  gold  medal :  professor  of  painting 
at  Royal  Academy,  1789 ;  expelled  from  tbe  academy  in 
consequence  of  continued  quarrels  with  his  fellow  acade- 
micians, 1799  ;  published  several  engravings.      [ill.  321] 

BABBY,  JAMES  (1796-1866X  woman  who  lived  as  a 
man  :  hospital  assistant  in  the  army,  1813 ;  assistant 
surgeon,  1815 ;  surgeon-major,  1897 ;  deputy  inspector- 
general.  1861 :  inspector-general,  1858 ;  served  at  Malta 
and  Cape  of  Good  Hope.  [IU.  834] 

BABBY,  JOHN  (1746-I808X  commodore,  n.S.A. ; 
vrent  to  sea  at  early  age,  and  settled  at  Philadelphia,  e. 

:  1760 :  joined  United  States  navy  at  outbreak  of  revolu- 
tion, 1776 :  as  oommauder  of  the  Lexington  captured  the 

I  Bdwud,  the  flnit  ohip  taken  by  America ;  sabi<equeutly 
suffered  defeat  and  lodt  bis  ship  ;  served  in  army,  1778-80 ; 
commodore,  17M.  [iU.  895] 


,  JOHN  MILNER  (1768-1892X  phvsician ; 
M.D.  Edinburgh,  1799 :  fonnd«L  and  was  first  physician 
of,  Cork  Fever  Hmpital ;  introduced  into  Ireland  vaccina- 
tion, on  which  and  other  subjects  he  wrote  papers. 

[ill.  896] 
BABBY,    JOHN    O'BRIEN    MILNER    (1816-1881X 
medical  writer  :  son  of  John  Milner  Barry  [q.  v.]  ;  M.D. 
Edinburgh,  1837 ;  F.R.C.P. ;  published  medical  treatises, 
i  [UL  325] 

I  v2 


I 


BAAST  or  lASEST,  LODOWIOK  (irih  ceiit.> 
dmnntisc^  piiblisbol  'Bam  Alley  «  Ueny  Titokn,'  a 
Domedy  Id  vent,  Ull.  [ill.  n6] 

BARKY.    H/lRTIV  (lSt»-tBM),    phjllnlia;    U.D. 

'■'  •       ■     itudld  »l  Hiidelberg;  F.R.H.,  IMO; 

e  of  ipeniuUim  In  ovum,  1S43. 

[liL  IM] 

BAKSY,  PHILIP  riE  (jl.  lira),  winioi,  nephew  of 
SobDt  Flti^atfliibeD :  beld  powBilcau  Id  Cork.  [111.  9n] 

BAXKY,  Sir  RBDMOSD  (ISIS-ISSOX  tawyar;  BJL 
Trinity  OjUrgi,  Dabllo,  1813  ;  (Klled  U  tbc  bar.  lins^ 
sommlntDDS  ol  wurt  □(  nqusU,  MdbouniB,  IMl; 
■o11clti>r«encni!  of  TicUnis,  IMS:  jndRc.  IMl:  Bnc 
-□huicfllor,  UolboanK  Uulvcnity,  1B&6  ;  kultfUtal,  IWO. 
[ill.  M7J 

BASBT,  BOBBBT  de  (/.  1176).  w.mor;  bfoOiH  of 
PhUlD  de  Barry  [u.  v.]  :  wtMulal  at  uuo  of  We^fDnj, 
HOT.  [IIL  Sir] 

SAKBY,  SPRiNOKK  {171S-I77T),  «tor:  origldaHy 
Dublin  flllTDmnltb,  but  be<»mB  batikr-upt;  playtti  euo 
...H-.r^..  i»^_,-T»  *x^, ami  other  cbaiactBra  at 


Bobllo,  Hud  Otbdlo,  nnder    .. .     „ 

Iao^,  at  Bniry  lAbe,  174€ ;  appeaml  aJwrnataly  with 
OaMSk  lu'Haiulgt '  and '  Miv^beth ' :  pUyal  RomeD  to  Xn. 
OUOb^  Jnllet  Bt  CarcQt  Gurlen.  17M :  In  purtucnbip 
-wtth  WODdwud  boUt  new  Uiuativ  at  Dublin  <  17sax  and 
Oxk  (ITIl);  Teappeaml  at  Ooiry  Lano  (as  OibEllo), 
inT,uidGoTsitl&ideD,ir74.  [111,317] 

BA2KT,  THOMAS  dk  (j(.  IIBO),  oaaoa  ol  Glugow 
and  clilcf  maglHtratf  of  BotbwaU :  wrote  poem  on  Ottor- 
bum,  [IIL  sia] 

BASSTMOXX,    Bnt   Karl  oy  (1«H-1M».     [a« 


lid  St. 

flnl  hot-air  bath>  tii  Urlliib  domUiiona,  and'  aubsoquoiUy 
iniUtntcd  TnrWib  batb^  [111.  SM] 

SAXTSXUtKOK,  FRAKCOlg  U[FP0LITSrl7tU 
MXi,  TioUnlit:  bom  at  Bordaux  ;  rthiI  u  offl»r  la 
inab  ttOatOt:  adDptnl  pni{e»i<ui  of  muric^  caDtpiMd 
■nd  prodoori  mvral  opcraa  in  Loodoa  and  Parip ;  lodcr 
*t  ^nibiQ  OanlenB.  ma.  [ill.  33S] 

SABTELXT  or  BASTLETT.  JOHN  (f.  IBM).  th«- 
loeicnl  writ«r ;  lalnl^ter  of  church  of  Bnglnnil  with  titroag 
Calvbditic  opinloiia :  illviulty  leolHTH-at  St.  aUm;  Orlpple- 
galc:  publlahed-FcdegrewE  DlHerttlqiiB*  IMS. 

[IIL  ate] 

BAATBOLOMEW  (d.  IIMX  dirUie ;   native  oT  Brlt- 

of  Olarrndm,  lint ;  ooo  ul  fl™  bldjops  lent  wltb  Henrj  ll'j 


of  Cfae  younE  Hoary.  1170,  ami  wu  the  c 
cscapsd  eicoramonlixtlDn  for  bli  ibarc  la 
left  nUsiDOE  nuuioKiipt*. 

BABTHOLOXSW.  BAiKt  Id.  1193), 
licmilt :  onlalBHl  In  Korwiij ;  jolatd  mm 

BABTBOLOKEW    A.N<)[.ti.-tIii 

BAKTHOLOXXW.  ALFRED 


BABTHOLOXZW,    AKN  OHARLOTTB  (d.  IMI), 
iiLth<mw  BDd  mtiilBturigt ;  publbal^  play  and  poelnBi 
liulLaud  aflerwardiValentlne  Barttao- 


w  [q. 


[iQ.  U3] 


BASTHOLDXET.  DAVID  EWEN  (it.  1831), 
nplain ;  prcMol  out  ol  mcrobanl  ship.  ITM :  lleute_.  .   , 

tied  In  I^t.  lago,  '  '  [1(1333] 
BARTBOLOKEW.  TALENTTKB  (n*»-lSTg).  flower 
la  OT^lDary  Ea  Qdbbd  TlotodB  and  Ducbaa  c' 
....       .     .^  igj,^jB, 

£1U.SS3] 


S^;  men^ 


ig  evangetlcal 
BAfiTLBTT, 

rapblcal  drjiii);ht«i 


, IMA- 18M),  capo- 
iploycd  by  John  BrltbiD.  tb- 

—  In  England  fo ■-' — ■ — 

Ltly  vlalled  Eurt"- 


pubKcniiuui :  aubsaiEieatty  vlalled  Europe,  the  'Eui.  and 

America,  and  publlBh&j  lUoBtnt^  (opcvTupbiaal  wotIch. 

[IIL  33t) 

BABTLXY,  QBOIU^E  (ITBIT-ISU),  contHlian  :  em- 

nloval  at  Batfa  tbditrp  1  apptured  at   (Tbeltoihani   04  Or- 

,'  ISDO:  engii«Bd  u  Orlaodo  bj 


last  ippiuvl  It  IMnocH's  IWI.  [UL  Ut] 

BABTLXT.  SABAH  (17S1-1M0),  artrea;  wife  of 
G«rge  Bartley  [{|,  v.] ;  eu^^fftd  u  Lady  Tovnluy  io  Ibe 
■Pravolnd  HTubaad'  at  Onrent  Oardcn.  IBM:  crated 
TLTesa  in  i:olerid0«'H  'Rctaordc'  at  Drury  Lane  1^13: 

appeared  a.  L»dy  Mac:betb.  [IB.  MO] 

BABTLOT,  RIOHARD  (»71-1M7X  phyniciaD:  MJJ. 
All  Bonis-  Oollcjre,  Oifort,  lUH;  prcaidunl,  Dollnw  ol 
Fbyiliduni.  ltI7,  UIB,  U31,  and  ICU.  [IIL  337] 

BARTOLOZZI,  FRANCS8C0  {17IJ-lS»Xenj™™r ; 
bom  in  Florenoe,  wbere  be  studied  art;  apprcnticcH  to 
John  Warner,  an  eiifriiver,  at  Vdilci] ;  came  la  EngUud. 


n  Id.  ..1,  I. 
ociety  of  A 


Notional  AcodeiD 


-G  engravlnfrH  af 


oaten  ond  HoUwn. 

[Ui.  S371 

BABTOLOZn,  QAETA»0  STEFANO  {17i7.ia31\ 
cnifravi>r ;  eon  of  FmnccAoo  Bartakral  [q,  v.] :  opena)  a 
muelcal  uiul  fcncioif  andeniy  In  Parle,  beaotnlnK  Invol^vd 
In  dlBleulUa  owing  to  bit  hidolencc  [ilL  KSl 

BARTOB,  ASBBBW  (d.  1111),  Boottiib  oavsl  coni- 
mandar;  mmihalU  wuaan  ;  gained  toTDor  of  Jamw  IV 
by  eiplolto  ooalnit  ForBigiteH  Bhlpa :  deand  Soaulih 
eoaitaaCFIanUinlnila.  liM;  oent  ta  aaalit  Douoark 
■«alaA  Labcok,  IHB :  •hoClnoDannlerwilliSirTliomat 
and  Sir  Bdward  Havard,  who  had  been  dlqiatidiea  hj 
Henry  Till  to  oapCnre  blm.  {»L  MO] 

BARTOIT,  BEKVAKD  {irU-lB4BV  poet;  of  qooker 
parentage ;  Mgl  and  com  mercbonl  ol  Woodbrldge.  ISO! : 
biliildnir  clerk  ot  Woodbrldge,  IROS-ig :  be  formal  a  elosg 
(rlendBhlp  with  Laoib,  and  wa»  Intimately  acqiialnteil  u-Kh 

'The  Coiiihcfi  Appeal.'  IBIS,  ' Houiehold  VeniBi,'  IMS, 


[IIL  WQ) 


BABTOX.    CHARLES    ri7eS-lM3),    convej-oi 
caUcdtobu.  17B»:  publisbed  li^  writingg.    [IIL  Mil 
BARTON,    BDWARD  <\Ml'!-lt«J),  Hcorut  Esgbiih 

bi  TurkL<b   army  agolnit  Matimlllan.   1691: 'died  ol 
plague  at  Ealke.  [ill.  341] 

BABTOX,  ELIZABETH  (IKW  T-1611),  Km;  or  Miip 


r  Kbnt 


,t  Aldington,  Keni 


'.  UU, 


bir  accompUcn  it  T^tom. 
lAXTOV,  nuVTBa  (ITST-ieit).    [Sa  Abi^otok.) 
XASTOX.  JOSX  DE  O*-    ISMh   jo^:   otberwlK 

oiled  DK  Bttov  ud  n>  Pbtton  ;  memlxr  of  Wnenr; 

osn  mnUntal  for  Tarkihln,  IKM.  [Ui.  US] 

BAMTOX.  JOSH  (IMh  SHil.),  pbfiidiui:  naUwr  Dt 

■OgndiUIla  LaOuilanim,'  Dt  vhlch  ■  muiiuorlpt  eop; 

li  piMHTai  u  AU  Soa^j'  OoUegc,  OiIonL  {Ut  M«] 


.  RICIUlU)  [ItOl-leeB],  ivult:  enured 
nnnj  w  .fiAu,  ItiU ;  ncUff  or  Eotrlbih  coUq^e,  LUin^ 
Wt;  proTlDctal  of  KnJilkbproTince,  1SM-6D:  Kctor  ol 
II«Uiibcidl>««,SI.(hiicT,  IMO-V.  [UlMI] 


BASTOir,<i 


ftT(i:!»-lM)).ir«H»l; 
lUoul  Koud.  I7M.  unl 


[11L»<«] 


BASWICX  Jomi  (A  li^X  ill 


n  ImmoiK  [DTtane,  ITBO! 


BAKWIOK,  FffTEHJl' 
kie,  CsmbriiiKe.  H 

var ;  pbyilciiui  in  anlliHT^  la 
law:  wRXe  ' Ylts  JoLuiDli Bui 
publiibed  ITtl. 

BASETI.  OEOnOE  |17M-1BUX  « 


___  WILLIAM  RIOHABD  (laM-lSTTl,  pby- 
nciui :  itD.  E4iDbureb.  IBM ;  plifrii^n  to  Weiiinbincr 
HotplUJ.  IMS :  publl^ol  Hork>  oa  ilrope;  nod  It 


•Bita.  [liL  MB] 

•UTOK,  TBOMAS(iriaT-ireOkdlilM;Kndiuud 
■t  OnbOai  aimd  «'— '  -  "— -    " ■ 

.M8]" 


BAStHO  or  BABIKOBTOXE.  .T< 


.    ._.^ E(lUT«MSUffonlibln;iL 

Buabttsn  <d  tbt  pHlm*,  IBM,  inl  'CcDboTT  of  3d«S 
Bj^-  IBM.  [IIL  Mg] 

■UTTZLOT,  EDVmn)  KDSGRAVB  (lUg-lB88), 
■■]■:  ■»  of  SIT  Wilur  hi«dot  ButMot  [q.  F.]  :  Bdii- 
atnd  It  BiwbT  aad  Buidbant;  tslonl  ;Ui  fulUan. 
wri:  ami  In  AfttbmriWn.  Igm.  mid  In  ^ypt,  1881 


nadjrof  Otcdc,  uid  his  <rritl)«i  Inclade  ■  Donitm  Gne- 
corom,'  B  truiilBtioD  into  LaUn  of  b  Grvrk  gnmiuBr. 

y'lffP'.  tSAAO  (ieOT'IB7e).  dtTlH  and  traveller; 
•tndledat  Hottoiiaiii,  IBI).  and  at  I^dni,lS»:  Rttled 
ot  licbDeld  and'  Cotbi  ■       --    -         -- 


Andate  UDivoaity  pr^cber  throo^li  England  aiut 
and  reetor  of  ERBlwcLltr,  IS36 :  D.U„  1640 :  chap- 
raordlDarr  U  OharlOf  I,  1^1  ;  collated  to  vtAll  In 

■broad.  tfr*e :  arrlml  In 

ed  to  England  aftn-  ulic- 
and  a'Bfl  Twlored  to  ids 
Ana;  anumf  hla  worka  ar«  a  'HIiutt  of  tbe 
ad  Smttlih  Pmbyto;,'  IWI.  and  a  life  of  OmId, 
Durban:  be  al»  kit  lu  majiuacrlpc  iwln  of 
his  JourwTL  [Ul.  «M] 


LOUISA  XARY  (IBOO-ISU),  moildwi :     : 
aooD  [q.  r,],  witfa  whom 
edlUnlilp  o<  'QnartirlT  Uuiliiai     . 

-'-^    " '"  of   HOTwich-.    vrM9 

to "  Qaarterly  Jour- 


BASIKX.  JAUBB  O'lO-int),  annaTcr :  n 

sln(iro(-17Bfl)[q.r.}:  scoompnnied  to  ItA 

Dalton  [q.  T.],  keeJKT  of  royal  diawlnga ;  ei 
Society  of  Antlqnarls,  r.  17B1-I8a3:  WUUatD 
blB  apprentice,  1771 -* ;  hih  vicim  of  Oiford  aft 
and  bis  '  Pylada  and  Oiwla '  a' —  ""—•  —  ■ 


■Tura 


o  society  of  AdU- 
'     aapubUitwl: 

no  OI  Jama 
■  of  Suaa 

Itu.Mai 


BAflKTJRTnXTC 


B  ABKl^It  V ILLE.  H  AN  N IBAL  ( IM7'  1 BMX  utiquu; : 
OH  of  Hir  THomiii  BHto-rUlo  [(].  r.] ;  bora  kt  B^.t 
^nliJ7,  Pidnnly :  4.-<hi4Sta]  at  Bta*aioK  Oo^l€^e>  Oiford  ; 
eft  iu  Qumiiwnpt  uotlqiurlsn  intM.  [iiL  SMI 


Ball   RUig!  i; 


tnr  paU&bec 


ten  jsan,  I7EH ;  llrst  prloHd  U 
oDk.l76U,mudat  Uie  bible.  (Hwol 
,  ima  ;  btonglil  out  ■  Gr«k_K»w  Ti 


iotit«mpon«r>  uiperta 


Ing  plant  puTf^liuied  BfEfa'  hi 

obali ;  b«  Lob  tlio  niputAtioii  vi  mdiuk 
1-  tbO[ijrh  the  DplDion  al 
hat  DD^nHireble  to  Uli 

[ill.  3Glj 
(IHt-lUl).  pbjilcinn 
il!    MA;    ifU,  1611 

"ui.  M8] 


B&BKEXVILLE.  THOMAS  (lUO-lIWXWpognpher: 
kiunin  <iei7-6)  tliTDUgb  nrioui  Euallab  coaDtlo. 

HAS  (inl-ISWT),  pby^dui: 


if  tuny  joirs.  »flflr  » 


,  Ubt^  tnufbt  tbe 
aUty  nAn;  priDtcil 
loT.  uU:  B»ner  of 
pnduofld  Mb  (txlon) 


1'  Ccotipauy,  171 
■Tlu  TlDcgir  binlc'  Id  two  volama^  1716-17 
rlgbt  to  print  bibls  In  Srvtiuii] ;  titaknipb, '" 


alls]  to  Sydney,  17M;   eiplorol  com  of  Kew  ^oqtl 

Wits  uul  dmimiuirigiileil  Tuouuiln ;   gHiB  niiDic  t> 

Bus'i  Strut.  [IiL  111) 

BUS,  UICH&KL  THOMAS   (t7n-lBU].    bnwcr 

npiiiy  bicruuml  after  Gmt  Exhibition  (IMl)  and  open 
luK  of  Trent  anil  Mtriey  C«iuil ;  liberal  M.P.  lor  Darbj 
ltUlt-a3 :  FilUbited  llTciy  oonccni  in  iinnUoni  relntlim  b 

In  Itutaii  and  Derby  Dy  BuDiBTiui  cbarltin.     [ilL371] 


OoniLih  (amiliia :  duiiog  tbe  i^pu  Df  HaorlM 
_  ,  ■...» . y  iLeriffi  of  Ctmwall) 

""[Ul. «»] 


ODimer  son  ol  Tbonuu  Buwl  [q.  r.] :  i 
nd  wipporter  of  Joliu :  aiAt  on  polltl 
iiuiee.  ina ;  (heillt  01  liutlBiul.  l!17-tll. 
BABBET,  BiH  FRANCIS  (rf.l»«).n» 
Lipported  royalltit  c^iise  I: 


lilU  MS] 
ler  and  M.P. 


Bdk'.  CoUe 


BntATTC.K  (1T17-ISUX 

:    recotder  of  Paicni, 
ConiwuU  whea  SpudA 


Panryu.  1771^ ;  ptroogly  oppo 
Ued  Ut  pwTMe.  1708  :  ei^peode 

patranof  tbe  Que  orta;  wrote  politkoal  aJ 

BASSET,  FULK  (il.  IW\  blsliop  of  Idndoi 
Mail   Baf  I'tft.   bnrtin   of    Wyonnbc   [i|.   V,] :    pT 

afil4t».  1S41 ;  f^tal  bi»liop  of  London  by  cane 
Fiui'i  Ui  oppmitton  Co  wUbai  of  KoiTy  Ul.  1 
oppoalHoo  U>  Pope  InDooBit  IV's  daaaml  on  li 
boieflced  eleroy.  lUA  ;  probalily  Hnpcnlad  wi 
blaliapa  (or  irluHliopay  Bntynr^  Utoonwoti 
Uvfugt  to  arobUiboprte  of  Outetbory,  1147 ;  I 


L  adrioolGoi 
[ULJTT] 


gTuEnl  to  Hfluy  II 
alter  nieetiiig  ol  "" 


tlchnrd  (afterwATdfl  Lord)  Wenj 


Duckler.'  ISOl,  uid  ■  Orwt  Britlains 


r   pope.  IKt:  look  Um^  Me 

il  Oxronl,  IU8;  died  ol  ntt- 

lewH.  [ilL  S7q 

BABBEt,  FOLK  m  (rf .  imj.    (Soe  SlNn»oun.l 

BABBBT,  OlLBEItTlJ.  IHlXbtnaUIloidar:  aoo  ol 

Alaa  Uxoet  [q.  i.] :  sncomtDl  bit  faOier  in  barouy  ol 

Wyooinbe,  1SS3 ;  joioed  baroiiri'  oppoBltlon  to  BEtir>  ITI^i 


BAEBET,  JrtsffU*  (1*41  7"I7»i,  mauler  ot  SMiiey 
Batttn  Cnlliva.  CbmbrtdKe:  M.A.  UoivUle  aiid  Caloi 
Oi^SE,  Oambrldgt,  IHtiB.D.  1«71  :  trnlor  fellow.  1*7): 
mauler  of  Sidney  BiuKi  Oaaen.l«Bai  by  muidala  tnm 
Jams  U,  lt87.deeUnd  hlnudl  *  paplat :  Itft  aoDam  on 
'      of  *U  uuduuiuaa,  ISU.     Hla  naow 


AaUiarity.ortlwUaUriaaf  a 

oueuuiiion  ta  tbe  UaUullck  Clinrch" 

IrenlDOD.  [UL  Ml] 

TRn(^.Ull\ch>inb(Tln1nandlnttmabt 

ilcof  A.-lo  «is(i-  HdiridijiilpU';  olbt» 

II  PHILIP  (d.lt71),  jnatieiat  and  loymlUt 
laD  Bawel,  banm  ot  Wyoomba  fq.  i.] : 
I  to  kla«  Qoder  earl  ntanhal.  llil.  aod 
mode  pca«  with  Une,  ItM:  obaam  by 
1  pn>t«t  axalnit  papal  poUoy  in  Btajand. 

Ills  :  joined  tiiytl  party,  IMD :  JnaUidacT 
SI -3;   taught  for   Uok   at  Doto'.  IK*. 


(lsa7).  uid  anDtber  < 


)Dtned  oppoalUo 


BASSBRSTm  or 


□IBSB.  THOMAS  (i.  Un), 
lioeller  at  tbe  Notbar  Bow, 
produoed  an  edition  ot  Sir 


BdlnburRb :  Uiig'i 

David  LindiKy'a  worka,  1674  ;  printal 

of  Hew  TeRuoent  puhliabsl  In  Scotlaad,  1C7«.  [ilL  374] 

BABBET  or  Oorswili.  TM>  family  ni  amonit  the 
fulT  Noiinai]  i>tUera  In  Eoiland,  at  9nt  rtaldlng  In  Oi- 
loraihln  and  other  midland  oooutiea,  ud  inbaeqaaitlT 
ndciatliig  to  OornwalL    Uemben  of  It  IntermHrM  with 


sued,  ltS6 :  f heris  of  B 
f  Hog'i  coannU,  1»70. 
KT,  RALPH  (if.  1117?), 


[lU.t84] 

^  abbot  o( 

invyttv.  3«al- 
[ULStt] 


XAHZT,  ULI.PH  M.  im  ?).  Ha 

-t.bl.o!Kortliiiiiptoii, 

t,  DM:  rMwht  ha  to 


71  BATEMAJT-OH  A  MPAIN 

Gkpcot*.  Ld-     prtor  of  C&nBc4kB«  ftt  Tort.    Hii  works  Include  tn 

;  eoMoe  koU  ,  on  Arlitotle.  [lU. : 

"rS'?^  BATE-IPLItlS  (1711-irTl),  dlliie 

"^""      '  Codege.  OemDrldw,  l"' 


itaH,  c  Un-ll,  udM  Unfi  bmeh,  1 

[IILIM] 
BAXBKT.  WILLIAM  (lM4-IMt),  dlTtne :  II.A.  Htg- 
tetaB  Ottan  Oitnrd :  nctor  oT  St.  Svltlilii'i,  Lcndon, 
IMI :  pabUfbed  tbeohiskml  vorb.  [U.  IM] 

mAuninoinvz,   hdmphrbt  m  (/.  iioax 

twn  im  ud  linL  [ill.  1861 

mtMMMTn,  CHRISTOPHER  (I«TTT-1TM),  nonoon- 
Hrw^-^  mbdettt  at  LiTerpool,  wliere  be  uelsted  In  qiIa-  i 
MMili«  m  (ne  Kfaoal  for  poor  ebiMno,  1T1C     [UL  U7]      | 

BABTAXD,  JOHN  POLLKXFBK(lfH-181«),galofiel 
wawd  iv«>»Mn  bUIUk,  int:  pnrated  datncHini  of  ' 

.uikilBwarbunI  Rn>lt.l7M;  U J-,  for 

«,  ITM-Ult.  [UL  IS71 

SAflTAXS,  TR0UA8(1H«-lglS).Blirbtudd<(liie ; 

•      -■ '     ■;  «dmlUad  petpetml  fHlow.Kew 

"  '  ■  cbupUln  lo  ThoniM,  mr] 

-—^'T   Uif^;   pabUabed     .^j,^  .  ^ 

or  aOSTOV.  PHIUP  {A  IMO  ?),  Oinnrtlte     ta?S? ' 


in«n-.   -orb:    pnbU 

»ud   Hebrew-SoglUh   dlctlonarj. 

BATXaUKBZ    or 
.tOifordU.  KenrrT 

SASXaUXBX,    WILLIAM    (d. 
fflpilrihli'Aitmtaht-   [iU.ass] 

BATKKAH.  HEZEKIAH  UNTHICDM  |1gi:-]g7S), 
»clor :  boTO  In  United  8Ut« ;  enlereil  dnn  ol  mechmntoil 

Ellen  Tree  (Vn,  Chirin  KennJ :  miiueer  of  St.  LodIi 
Thmtrr,  IMS,  >nd  of  Ljnnm.   London.  lenH.    TTndiT 

Inthe'Bellji.'                                                       [111.  IM] 

BATUUK.  JAMBS  (IMl-iaarXbortlcDltarlrt  :  M.&. 

cM1s«in«  mnd  anltlntlim  troplnl  plinti  :  F.US.,   1831 : 
P.RA,  18U ;  fellow  of  RoTil  konlcnltunl  Bodet;  ^  pub- 

BATBHAM.JOBKFRBDKRIOLATK011&~lormeilj 
etjIsL    JOHK     Fhudkhic    Batkus    (ISIU-IBSBX    ciitl 
enniDeer  ;  began  boeluea,  IKU  ;  ueodaUid  wtth  (Bli) 
WllUum   Fslrbirtni   [q.  t.]   in  IhjIdk  ddC  rnxmiin  DB 
rira  Buo.  Immi.  1S»  ^  engnged  on  Lnn^eodils  work! 

WMerworki,'  1M«:  i 


SIDNEY     FRAN'CBS 
>a  ;  marrteil  HntklBh  B»l 
vnl  pUye   pnxlLioed   li 


■C Kocdnshun :  B^udoonildQmbleiTpatotlcniUirbetoTt, 
1^  vmtrj  *'OiJor±  [IILSM]      '       BATZXUT,  BTBPBBN  (d.  IM4).     [Sm  Batiiak]. 

BATZKAM,  THOMAS  (ITTH-iail).  pbfuldmii :  studied 
ec  0«DT«e'i  Hai^tol:  M.D.  Bdlnbargb.  IMI:  piipU 
.    -  ..  ...  Dr.  WIUu  and  (nbaefiDEnllT  pbyiiclan  lo  public  dla- 

poet  t  Ortart : acMmpaaled M-atJ II lo ilngiiLi pimieea  peMKjmidtorewrboipltal.  London.  IKH:  LCJ^lBOl: 
<D  ripditioa  lo  rriicre  SUrUiu.  and  wai  opturcd  bj  «iiiD*ct«dwllb-EdlDbarKhMBdlFalandSiirBlciilJouriii|-; 
tedoe,  wbo  fCwd  him  to  ilnvhii  ooantfTmeo'i  defeat ;     bccaDU  principal  anlborltr  In  Lod<Ioii  on  «kln  dlitttHC; 


BASTOI.  HOBKBT(A  UOOX  Oarmellte;  brother  ot 
FhDIp  BwtiB  [q.  T.] :  OanmUte  monk  and  prtor  of  abbej  _  _ 

.._     ^ .     .->  . .._._^.._j,  uKl  I  of  Dr.  WUtan  aid 


[,  JOHV  (UK-1«H),  pb^lolui  and  oon- 
^D^tod  at  Rmmanael  CoUeRC,  Cambi^ire : 
:    publlPhed  parltvUcal  controTernlU  tre^ 

pfa  he  waa  Hoed  and  BdtseqiiDit];^  impiiflonod  i 

J  Lanff  partUoent,  IMO;  captain  ol  Lelceoter 

pnhlWiad  tnotatee  agalnet  '  Iiid» 

CIILSM] 

■AR.  CRABLB9  SPKNOS  (I81*-1M»),  identUa 
vrtter :  pnfiiKd  ■■  dentlit:  L.B.C.&,  IMO;  membn  at 
OdcMefcuial  Soeietr.  IMC,  iloB-prccidait.  IMO-I.  a 


Meat:     bccanu  principal  antbi 
anoom     pnWtahri   'Sjnopsl"  a 


WUtea. 

BATEKAir.    THOMAS 
■on  or  WUIUm  Bsteman  ( 


pabllibedi 
BATKl 

wlcb,  callHi  ' 


,  Britbt  Dental  Anuolatlon.  of  Fi 
icud  wlib  PlyuHHich  [uiUtutiou  tma  point 
:  P.RS,  IMl;  pnWlabed  wriMnge  o-  '  ■ 
--"-• -- Mbtocta.  [SoppLLlM] 
OKORGE  {1<0A-IM«X  coart  pbfildin;  H.I 
d  BiUL  OriiiTd.  lUI :  pbjalclu  Co  Charles  1 1 
'J7.P,  IMO:  phjslclan  to  OllTtr  OromwilL  an 
IlTtoChariMll:  P.RA;  pobUshed  medio 
■t  WTlCllVl.  [IIL  ISO] 

BESRY    (I7U-1SH).    [B«    DiTDLKT.    ai 
.ml 


Wl-lSai).     BrchrH>lagl> 
CDUecUODH. 

LOd  gnnilfAtho-; 
1.  WILLIAM  (1KI87-1IIU).  bishop  of  Nor. 


ndlng  oollBfe  origfna 


SIR,  JAICBB  (llia-imx  icbalar.  brother  ot  Jullni 

'     [q.  T.]:  B.A.  Corpuf   Ohrim  Oolite,  Oambridga, 

"-    -■"*.  John's  CWIege:  H.A.,17»7;  chipMnlo 

■famunbaawkr  hi  Paili ;  noelTea  llTlng 

1 :  pablithed  reUgloaa  worki.     [UL  S9U]      > 

lux,  JOHK  (d.  im\  thaolo^ui :  located  at  Car- 

■ttt  aauatutj.  Tort,  and  at  Oilaid:  deacon,  UU;  i 


GBtol  molta  to  '  Archaeologla.'  [111.  lit] 

BATIKUr^ORUCFAIH.  Sin  JDHN  UNDERWOOD 

toiant,  Benxal  mKioeen,  1U1 :  aptalo.  IMS;  major, 
letl :  colonel.  1881:  MlsUnt  prini:ipal  UTbomaioa  Col- 
lege, RnrU,  India,  18»7  ;  •erreJalDaUil.Agn.Oawnpm, 


nnient  lTi>i<>-E[iropeftn 


BATIQS 

«iid  Tjiokuov,  lltA7-B :  tanagtd  on  cor 
tcteKTapb  to  lodlj  tLrouKb  Ru«[a«  ' 
Ktl-af:    ohiet  dlwt 

tdegnph.  1870;  K,0.: 

GeoKimphloiI  SnaleCy  and  SoclMy  ol  Tilegnpta  3nglng> 
[BuppL  L  lie 

ir  mfltropolltAii  bqltdings.    Amoiw  i 


BATBI,  ■BEHRY  WALTBIt  (18It-lH)9),  nib 
slerk  1p  AUanppV  oKrt^  BnrtoD-oa-Tmit,  IMC 
with  Alfnd  ItaBd  WbUh«  u>  Put,  1MB,  imd  joi 

to  the  Tapujoi        '  ~  "    " 

b«ulqiur(an  i 
IttTinralcd 


BATUITHST 

jT  BATHOXIA,  HSKRY  sr  (d.  IHOX  jadgn 
pLeu.  IS9S-40 ;   MtTcd  on  oommlHJoni  of 


wu  abot  bf  Cramwell'B  nldltn.  (UL  401] 

BATBB,  WILLIAU  (1H4-Iei4),  )aall:  brongbt  ap 
la  protstuit  RLIglon.  bDt  flnbsBquaitly  bmrnlH  BomBUkat ; 
tdnistnl  si  OilDid :  entered  Inuit  noTltUl(  of  Toonul, 
t.  IBM;  AttfT  Btodjlng  »t  T^HTtbi  ud  lUohWaa  aft- 
pMntfd  rnctm-  □(  IrUi  (Mlage  it  SilimuuK :  died  U 
hjidrtd.  RlA  world  Inolude  '  Tolmdiiatiim  to  Art  <3t 
Mm  .      ^^^^^ 


OiM 


m  DBtuinl  bMdiT  iind  iopoiinpiiT. 

Caappl.  1. 141] 
BATU,    JOAH    <lT41-lT»e),   iniulolan :  ubolu  i 
Elan.  ITH,  md  King's  Oallsge.  OmnbrU^e, 

S»DdVlcb,flretlordol  iidmlr»lt7-  — 
of  Ancient  Miuic  Bwl,  1784.  ui 


LUOT   BLI&ABBTH   (ISM-IBUX  miter 
■  "ST  LucY:diiiigbln-D(  Ur.Blom- 

BATHILSA,  SUTWHILDIS,  BALIIXOHILS,  or 


ippdiut  HUtntor,  tll»4,  lo  ^t 

'— " '  — '—  irtaing  tmm  — 

olt;  of  BoNo 

[Ul.  1*81 

BATIB,   SAltAR  (d.    IBllX  ilngCT:  wU«  ol  Ja 

BDglnff  In  Loadoa  DnderherhDi 


IBtl.    H<«u 


BATBITBaT,  . 

...    ....  ^^^  jj  Trlnftj  College.  Oi 

,  ITOt-lI ;  rtuKd  tn  peengt 


ITU ;  1 


e.[q.i.]: 
[■ndftndBuH 
ohieflj  of  Hkor 

BATU,  1 
MHlltemneu 

(1714),  of  whil 


[Mi.  »»1 


J,  WILLIAM  (HW-WW),  pnbyteriin  dMi 

B.A.  King's  Ocillein.  Ouubrldge,  lC4f ;  bcld  llrtng  of 

Ti ..>■.  in.the-w™t,  London  ;eJeoted.lflai;roril Ob 

,_. "-n- 8«ro.  DonfermoB,  IBM :  E 

, ;    niAde  repAtAd    nnincfleA 


BATZSPOKS,  JOHN   ij 


III.  1319X  iadgt:  acted  a 
ntia,  ITBS-ISU;  re^ATl; 

BATE80B.  THOUAS  (IM0?-1s»ai),  moslcal  oom 
poMT :  DTvukl  at  Clrnter  Oitbednl,  lin :  vlcu-abim 
ol  oatbedn!  of  the  Trtnlt)'.  I>ublln.  ISOO;  Mih.  Bu 
Dublin ;  publLiIied  two  vDlumei  ot  nudrlgili,   [Ul. 

WILLIAK  HBSBY  (1814-1881),  dlrtm 
nwBbnry ;  B J_  St.  Jobn'i  Colli 
11ow,1817:i 


I  IT7>.  "  [I1L40*] 

BATRVBXT,  BBNJAUIK  (I7e4-18M),  dlplonutM: 
■on  of  HeuT  Bkthimt  (I744-1K37)  [q.  r.]:  Banttuy  vl 
Tovja  In  Icvatloii  lit  inborn :  mjiterlouidy  diBappwvil  vbUe  od 
e^igne      nil«ion  from  Vienna  lo  England.  [Ill,  407] 

'• I         BATUUJtST,  HBNRT,  BKOnd  K»aLBlTHUB»T(in4- 

■  m]       I  IfM);  aou  of  Hut  (Ul:   lairver;    BA  BallM  OoUin. 
(■nnrf      OitlOid,lIM:  oalbdtobu  atLlnoolnl  Inn,  17M;  MS. 


o  Aptler.  1"1:  It— 

rd  preiident  of  DoonoU,  I77i-Si. 
[IU.WT1 

, iHT  Ul.  1814),  anhdnom  at  Nor- 

wicn,   IB14;  BOD  of   Henry  Batliunt  (17U-18S7)  [q.  t.]  ; 
ebanodlor  of  ebornb  of  Norwlcb.  1806.  [UL  4W] 

BATBUSST,  HKNRY,  IJiIrd  Babl  BiTHnHBi  (17M- 
IBM)  -.  mm  Dl  noond  earl ;    tory  ititnmui :   mula  ot 

b™ri  of  trade :  aecretftrj  for  nar  and  oolonlae  :  lord  pre- 
Fident  ot  ODnncill,  IBSS-Sn.  [UL  4M} 


:  blafaop  of  Narwlotl,  IBM.  [UL  4M] 

BATBUmST,  JOHN  (tB07-lC»),  pbytidu  lo  (Hlnr 
romveU:   MJL.  Pembroke  OoUen.  Cambridge,    IMl: 
•   "••■  "■■  '--  "—--ondrYorkihlre, 
[UL4W] 

T,  RALPH  (IfllO- 1704),  dlilni 

Trlniij  Oolite.  O.fonl.  1BS7  :  B.A,  ltS8:  1 
oriabMi  prtwt,  1M4  ;  M.D,  IftM ;  tbqtigh  a 
nployed  b>  state  u  pbynlolan  to  navy  ;  anHOC  •'»  origl- 


I.  [aeeOnEicTn.LK,]oBI>,lS18-1701; 


aATKDlR,  THKODORK  (if.    1U1L 
Bfpko  (f  Bi^ph  BKttaBTit  [q.  TO :  nlualel 
[Mligi^  CucbridgE!    ti«t»l*tal    Speiucr'B  -  Slieplienl'i 
[Ua^('  lotD  Latin  tsk  (publlibsl  IMl).      [Itl.  411] 

StnnStT,  WALTKH(irM7-]8!T).  uvj  cnpMIn : 
i9T«I  md^  BodiKj  In  Wot  Indiv.  173!  :  aiMier  Lanl 
%TiDBntiitCvUi,ITU-.  «pbLn.i;W;  held ntmnundii 


BATMAX,  JOrni  (laOO-lMOk  rrpiiUd  toauls-  or 

..._    SiwSoatliWiUM: 

rtPtaUUbirhltlier 
Iw  dlilrlflt;  DiMlc 


0^1 ;  HDplDjral 

tf  LooloD  Cbanerboufe,  1A99 ;  pabli«hfil  reUffiona 
[Ul.*]iJ 

r  (J.  iMu 


Dlealooinl,  l^nsine; 
WILLIAH  {ITM-ISIIX  fcknttat  u 


),  177H  mill 


■qn^tlj  onplmd  u  trader  nt  Lcmt^o  oii*!  n?ons 
coHl;  RimiHd  to  biglud.  loot.  [la  411] 

XATIZLKT,  JOHH  |1«<T-I7(I«).  dirtw;  fdlow  Dl 
THsi^  (Mkce,  OimbiUitB;  doDsUB  oluplaln  now- 
<i<4  (B  AnUiWiO(B  Sannolt  ud  TIUotHMi :  chUMellBr 
-*  "  ■  ■  -"-*-  "«--  — ibdcaamof  Ctntertiory,  li87,  and 
cr  of  KIiw'f  Bridge  bivplul.  lt»; 
.^.^_  _,  >_._  _, ,™  -  "let  (pobllahed, 
[lit  4191 
,  NIOHOL&S  (IUO-1T04),  unUqioTT: 
BattAW  [q.  ».]:  a-*-  Trinllr  CDllCBt, 
Ouibrldci,  1«W :  M.A.  PMobooH.  l«rS :  hcUllTingi  Is 
Ent.  IMi-( :  pobiUiol  ■  AnUqulUa  or  Cutrrbur;.'  1701. 

S&TTELET,  OLITEB  <lfi»7-irMX  diiinr;  sod  ot 
Kidifiu BitUtojr  [q.  T.J:  B.D.  Cbrlii  Oliarcb.  njrfofd, 
17M;tnbg»dMTnllJiuidair,lT»T;glilaiJdbnBaHdey'j 

MATVaX,  RALI^^(lM»-lIll).dLTlDe;  D.D^emVIU 
■ :  pnbeDdAi7  of  Wor- 

[iil.4U] 

r,  ij)iuAM(jf.  laiD), 


wu  knlgliud  1  dEcUna)  t 


i   Biani 


(ISiB-lRM). 


[Be*  Hrkiit  Un.-niri.] 

BATTIX.  WILLIAM)  17(H-l77«).pfa;>ld>D :  FdQciUid 
Bl  Kln^'iOoUoiR  UitinDridgt :  fnindid  Biitlla  •rboUnhln 
1717:  Cmwru  scbolur,  17M:  )lji„  1750:  M.D„  173f; 
F.C.P.,  171B,  HnrreUn  onlor.  174« :  pnddmt.  1 7M :  Lum- 
iFlun  orator.  174>-tl :  publlnUBd  alltloni  ot  ArlitoUf  ud 
IxxirUs.  nnd  Kierel  medial  iKUira.  [UL  410] 


f  Doctnn  of  Law.  London.  17 


1  Idgh  CO 


inlt;r : 


F.H.8..  r 
arunHlic  poem.  lui.  ^iij 

BATTIBSILL,  JOSATHiN  (17a«-:ttol),  cooipnuH-: 
Am:  membw  of  Madrlnl  Bocirtj,  IJM.  Slid  ot  Royal 
padUon ;  wt  moala  Ui  bymnii  by  Ctaarln  WeUej:  putr- 

[111.  Ml] 
8ATTLEY.  RICHARD  (1770- IStex  olaemlfl :  mnlk-^ 


ff  ;apDttu<cnrjrln  dlyof  Loihlou.  iDtmluci 


[111.4M] 


or  Robert  Bally  {I7el?-18t»)  [[ 

CoUtEt  Omnbridgt,  IBl*     '  '- 

and  %'aWrkio  caniuilKt 
leu-at:   pubUHbeJ  u^ 


BATTT,  nOBERT  (17MI-lB«l),otl 
U.D.Bt  ADdrea'<.l7«7:L.O.P..lB0e:  ' 
boapllal,  DnwDlow  Htreet ;  cdllol '  t 


[HI.  4 


BATT.  RlCHAItD  (d.  ITteXdlTiw:  V.A.  Glut 


:i,  dlTiw ;  U.A.  OtawiH-, 

.._ _ _..  _,„-ltak.l7M;  hadlocalfama 

K»  ocullut ;  pubUtliud  nltirloui  v-orki.  [til. «»] 

BAUKBUSGH,  TH0MA.1  nR  (jt,  inJI).  keeprr  or  tb« 

]>38:  Miit-knpcr  of  tlirgiwl  nd.  lu'l.  IZU.  1138.  and 
1130-411.  [IIL  4»] 

BAUSX,  PIERRE  HSNIU  JOSEPH  (irsT-twex 
■DnjiliE^:  bom  at  UarHlDv;  cducalfd  at  Kapid :  priTatt 
ttrrrtary  m  Klu^  PiTdlnand.  r.  ISIS-U  :  aoqulTU  oon- 
riderablr  wrnltb  In  Eiutland,  vhlch  be  bp<|iiimtli«l   to 

SblUntbropEc  iD«tEtu^oti«  In  lile  or  Alan ;  ealnvd  rrpnte 
DiinE  (Jwenit«  ncUllitlc  atrltatlon.  [ItU  4ni 

BAYAHI).  WILLrAH  (A.IMB^  "todcnt  ol  HIddle 


<   (A 


:  DJ).  1- 


.S-lBHfl),   B 


BAXXmiKLL.  JOSEPH   (IBlt-lBS?), 
and  utronomrr :  joliit-BcciTtatT  and  Btltor 
Llternry  aod  Phllo«pblcal  SoolelJ 
Uain-'heatcrGarpontiou  from  100V ; 
port  C)orpotutloii ;  mndt  ImportADt 
rcttrial-mogncUca]   rvHarclxA,    P.K.A.Bh  lb...*,  I'.i...!., 
isai.  [SoppL  1.  H»] 

BAXTER.     ANDREW    {lAM-lTHJ).     phllowplilcal 
writer;  nluoatcd  at  Klng'i  ColleiK.  Aherd«u;  traveUod 

uiUiwluiinlif  MirreauindedtlildMtb  :  pubUiAvil  ■  Boqolir 
Into  the  NiiUire  of  tto  Hiimau  fjoid '  |17SI>-      [UL  «U] 


BAZTSR, 

msntier  ol  Sodny  ol  Uritlili 


.  (laoS'la:*),  ponnlt  and  «ib- 
tt  Royal  Ai-advmy  Iroia  1S34  ; 


BjUETXR,  Sm  DA.VTD  (1 

■I  (IBmV  psftner  w 

benefactor .._ 

tn  Ediiibnrffb  Unlvgrrtt;. 
BAXTZB,  BVAN 

IjinJon.  Hid  LInrolp  raSitOifim! 
prolanor  of  malwlii  moHm  «i(l  «" 
Irgn.  Londou.  18/4:  F.K.O,P,  1S7 

BAXTER,  JOHN  (nsl-lSHXprtnte 
Brrt  printer  Id  nw  tl«  inUng  rollw,  nn 
under  h\b  iuperlntendebce  at  Lwa^  blfl 
vlode '  B*ita-'(  Bibla.' 

BAXTSB,NATHANmi.(/.ieog).in 
untniblf  edniBtid  at  UwiUni  CotlivH,  i 
On«k  to  Sir  PhlUp  Sihxj :  mirdni  of  St 
Yn«faal,  Ir^nd.  ltin-9 ;  rlcnr  ol  Tns. 
im:  pnblUbsil  -air  nuilp  SHaeft  "O 


;  after  brief  eipsriBim  ol 


U.D.  lAiuinn.  isril ; 
a|KiiU«.  Kiuit'i  OdI- 
:  wrote,  (diud.  and 


Mary**  CoUetn. 


^m   In 


(IMS) 
prepOTBl  Ow 


leTB  he  offlcUUd  OB  pliaplala  P3  ffnr.- 
loiicl  WboUe/i  rnjlment  afia'  IM*.  ...„ 
ol  (l(«a ;  ntninB]  to  Klddennlnater  after 
-■■  — ■         ■- '     'Apborlniifl 


BAYXUX,  THOMAS  ae  (rf.  1100) 

BATTOLI].  RICHARD,  aliai  S< 
martyr;   B^unllct^TW  of   obbvy  of  ] 
IBU;  prlMl.  isli:  diauiljo-Uiii  of  uie  ouw^^,  c.  i>»: 
biimt  nt  Smltlillclil  lor  odsytliiif  Tyndali  to  import  for- 
blildai  bonki.  [IlLdU] 

BA718X.  JMEPH  (1S08-1B8».  thODlnirtnil  ttrller: 
ILA.  Trinity  Cotlwe.  Dublin.  IMB  :  D.D„  1»B3  :  loondd 
Hud  was  nr«  prbidpHl.  lHtB-71.  of  Bt.  Aidnn's  Thcokvlaa 
O&U^e,  Blrkeul]«d  :  Ticot  of  Sbirpscombe.  Olouoefiter' 
■hire.  1KT1-89:  pnbliobel  coDtroienlal  and  oUier  tlimlO' 
Kl«l»-orki.  [11L441) 

BATIiXY,  CORNELrus (ITII-ISIS),  dirbu!  metlia- 

llAnctieaur;   D.D.  CambritlKe.  1800; 
'w  ttruuuur-  {Ul-  *iU 

I  EDWARD  CLITB  (INI-IBSIX  tudlon 

Bi4g|Juid  ;   i^lvi  ti 


MM     P''W(iliol  a  Hcbi 
i,1t>r-  SATIET,  gi 


imd  Oh  'Solnfi  Bnriaatlnii  R 

-■■—  '""-  ~m  ot  Om  Ung^  obnp- 
tiinrT'  (Or  8a™  n 
bqEtODd  OD  pajilaff 


Baitfiriauip.'  nn  Kdlobln(?iiipby.  [Ul.  4»] 

BAXTER,  ROBERT  DnDLBT  {18)7-1876),  political 
wtIIct;  Bjl.  Trinity  CoUare,  Oambrldgi^  Ifllfl;  entered 

18BU ;  pabb»bed  [ioUti'oil  »ark.."  [III.  UT] 

BAXTER,  ROOBR  (17M-iei7x  jault;  enlera! 
Society  of  Jenu.  1810:  mlislanar;  In  Mainland  uid 
PeniiBjlrnnia,  where  be  din! ;  pobllotied  rdlglooa  wotto. 
[Ul.  187] 
publiabcd'Tbe  Circle  SqnomL'  ITU.  [Ui.  ilT] 
BAXTEK,    THOMAS    (lTIM-1811),   ohina   patnler; 


BAXTER. 


[liL  U7] 


Oxford  botjuilr  gEtiden,  1813-14  :  ouo^te  ol 


Coflerwardi  W.  B,  Bailpr  3c  Ou.) ;  liberal  M_p.  tor  Mon 
ttoK  bnrglu,  186S-85 :  MCTrtiiry  lo  admiral^,  ISBS-Il 
idlnt  amcHsiy  of  the  trcmury,  1871-1 ;  priyy  ooundllor 
1873 :  pnblliberl  Horlu  on  (oinp)  traTii  [auppL  i.  He) 
BATAXD,  NICHOLAS  > ».  1100!).  accDrdlnii  to  Bole 
DoniLjilcon  ItKolofflDn  nt  Oxford  :  D^R  :  Mi*] 


[UI.Mt] 

BATLET.  HENRY  VTSOBKT  (in7-lfm).  dirine  : 
IncntDl  at  Blon ;  BJi.  Trinity  GoIIeve.  Oambridge,  1800 : 


0  (tiJI  in  Weatmli 
BATLET,  sm  JOHN  (I7fls-1M1X  judge;  (ducUcd 

ing'"  bineb,  IsflH ;  judge  of  eieheqiUr  court,  ItWM: 
node  baronet  and  privy  connidUor,  18M  ;  piiblinlud  Iwii 
od  rellKiope  wnrlto.  [Ui.  4«] 

BATIBT,  JOHN    [WHITOOitHl  (d.    IStI).  snU- 
'     '-         ■  •    —         ■■        ■  •  (  eiBTk. 


[y  HI«ory  of  England.' 
.  rET8R(17;8f-iaM),mbu:d 
Rneby  ami  Merlon  Oallige, 
iple ;  pDbllilicd  vrritjngi  in  n 


BATLET.  ROBRUT  B.  (d.  lUS),  tndepm 
±r :  puuor  RuccoBlraly  In  Louth,  slieffldd.  on 
rin«d  In  fouiidlug  Erie's  Oollege.  SbeBleld 


tlou,  nud  ngrlcDltuml  nuUwdg.  [UL  4<t] 

BAYLXT,  WALTER  (U9»-l  IBS  Vpbynlclan :  MuiaM 
nt  Wla^bester:  fellow  of  New  Oollcge,  Onfotd,  lUO; 
MJ),  ISCi  :  enuDn  a(  WeUi ;  n^iu  pmfeanr  of  pUyito, 
Oifonl.  ]»II1 :  phyilclan  to  Elliiatieth :  F.O,P„  lUI :  pob. 
liabe.!  trentipe  on  prtTCTtatloi.  of  the  eynigbt  [IIL  «»] 


75 


BAZAIiQETTE 


wmn,  mi :  noretexy  in  jodidal  and  revenue  department, 
IfH ;  cUef  nctvCary  to  go^vemment,  1819 ;  member  of 
■ipawiii'  eomnca,  18Sft :  gOTemor-generaU  1828-30 ;  re- 
tnnwd  to  Ingtend ;  dtrector,  Eaet  India  Company,  1838  : 
afooart,lSIO.  CiiL446] 


and  first  profeeeor  of  Sooti  law,  Bdinborgh  University, 
17S8 :  pnbUehad  legal  writings.  [lU.  453] 


lesi; 


.    TH0KA8    (U8S-166S>,   poritan   divine; 

and  fdlow,  Magdalen  OoUege,  Oxford,  1611 :  BJ>^ 
rector  eouoc— iveiy  of  Manningford  Bruce  and  Mil- 
Wiltdkire:  eje^ed,  1660:  set  up  couventiole  at 

[UL  446] 


\,  WILLIAM  (17S4-1787X  phyridan ;  MJX 
1748;  P.C.P.  Bdknborgh,  1767;   pracUaed  at 
and  Berlin ;  L.O.P.  Lon^m,  176ff ;  published  re- 
on  waters  at  8tratlanl-on-AT<m  and  Bath. 

[liL  447] 
SATUB,  SDWAUD  (1791-lMl),  foonder   between 
U38  and  1M4  of  sereral  inaoranoe  offices,  of  which  the 
B^^lk  and  Seottiah  Law  alone  stiU  snniyes.  CUL447] 

BAXLIB.  THOMAS  HUTOHINSON  (1888-18761 
pcoBOler  of  Jnsnninnp  ofBoes;  son  of  Bdward  Baylis 
fq.  T.] ;  titetk  in  Anchor,  and,  in  1880,  manager  of  Tra- 
isi^ar  Inamranoe  offices;   fbonded  aeyeral  offices  with 

[iiL  447] 


.,  ANBELM  (d,  17MX  critic  and  theologian  ; 
ILCJj,  Christ  (Aiordi,  Oxford,  1749 :  minor  canon  of  St 
PaoTs  and  Westminster,  and  mb-dean  of  Ohapel  Royal ; 
pohiiaKed  critical  and  theological  works.  [iM.  448] 


,,  BENJAMIN (1671-1 780X  divine;  MJL.  Ox- 
ted,  lees :  rector  of  St.  James's,  Bristol,  1697-1780 :  pab- 
"^  ' ^y  ^  Inspiration '  (1707).  [iii.  448] 


r,  JOHN  (d.  16S8X  chaplain  to  Charles  I ;  son 
of  Lewis  Bayly  [q.  v.] ;  guardian  of  Christ's  Hospital, 
~  [iiL  448] 


LBWI8  id.  1681),  bishop  of  Bangor: 
DJX  probably  of  Bxetar  College,  Oxford,  1618  ;  vicar  of 
Bvesbam ;  chaplain  to  Henry,  jwince  of  Wales :  bishop  of 
Baagot,  1616 :  brought  into  di«Bavoar  by  his  puritanism : 
^tM^ttA  at  beginning  of  seventeenth  century  ^Practice 
of  FIflty.*  wliich  won  and  retained  extcaordlDary  popu- 
larity. [iiL  448] 


\  THOMAS  id.  1687  7\  royaUst  divine ;  son  of 
Lewis  Bayly  [q.  v.];  M.A.  Magdalene  College,  Cambridge, 
lai :  sob-dean  of  WeUa,  1688 :  incorporated  M.A.  Oxford, 
1C44 ;  DJX :  aewiited  as  oommissioned  officer  in  defence  of 
Baglan  CbsUe,  1646 ;  converted  to  Roman  Catholicism  in 
France :  imprieoned  for  writings  offensive  to  authorities 
of  OOnunoowealth :  sobeeqoently  settled  at  Dooay  and 
ftnally  went  to  Italy  ;  published  religions  works. 

[Ui.  449] 
BATLT,  THOMAS  HATKG8  (1797-1839X  misoeUa- 
aeoos  writer ;  odocated  at  Winchester  and  St.  Mary  Hall, 
OzfonI :  abandoned  original  idea  of  entering  church  ;  pro- 
duced songs,  ballads,  and  dramatic  pieces,  including  *  I'd 
be  a  batterfly,*  *  She  wore  a  wreath  of  roses,'  and  '  Perf ec- 
tioB,*  a  soooenfal  farce;  became  involved  in  financial 
dUBeoltlv,  1881,  and  in  a  short  time  wrote  tliirty-six 
far  stage :  pabUshed  five  novds.  [iiL  461] 


BATLT,  WILLIAM  (1737-1810X  astronomer ;  assist- 
ant at  Bayti  Observatory:  aooompauied  astronomical 
ezpelitton  sent  by  Boyal  Society  to  North  Cape,  1769,  and 
Cook*!  voyages,  1778  and  1776 ;  head-master  of  Royal  Aoa- 
deny,  FortsmooUi,  1785-1807;  published  observations 
made  daring  his  voyages.  [iiL  458] 

BATVABB,  ANN  (1678-1697),  daughter  of  Dr.  Ed- 
ward Baynard  [q.  v.] ;  noted  for  her  learning  and  piety. 

[iU.  452] 

BATVABB,  BDWARD  (6. 1641X  physician  ;  studied 
St  Leyden;  honorary  F.C.P.  London,  1687;  published 
'Heatth,  a  FOem,*  1719.  [iii.  463] 

BATBABB,  FULK  id.  1306X  itinerant  justice  in 
Norfolk.  [UL  463] 

BATVABB,  BOBEBT  (d.  1331X  jostice :  son  of  Fulk 
Bsyeaxd  [q.  v.] ;  freqoently  knight  of  shire  for  Norfolk, 
iaB>>1887 :  justice  of  king's  bench,  1387.  [iiL  463] 

lATVUiee,  CHRISTOPHSB  (1464  ?-1614).  [See 
AioiBaiooK.] 

lATVZ,  ALE3CANDBB,  of  Bins  id.  1787).  Scottish 
ls«3«;  advocate,  1X14;  corator  of  Advocates*  Library, 


PETER  (1880-1896X  joamaUst  and  author ; 
M^.  Marisohal  College,  Aberdeen,  1860  ;  studied  for 
minhrtry  at  Bdlnburgfh:  editor  of  *OUugow  Common- 
wealth,* and,  1866,  of  'Witness'  (Edinburgh):  editor  of 

*  Dial'  1860-8,  and  of  *  Weekly  Review,'  the  organ  of  Eng- 
lish   presbyterian    diorch,    1868-6 :    leader-writer    for 

*  Christian  World,*  and  contributor  to  London  paiodioals 
and  reviews :  published  essays  and  biographical,  historical, 
and  other  works.  [SoppL  L  146] 

BATHS,  WILLIAM  (4. 178SX  navy  Ueatenant,  1749 ; 
captain,  1760 ;  at  reduction  of  Martinique,  1768 ;  served 
at  Fort  Royal,  and  off  Cbesapeake,  1781 ;  killed  in  action 
with  French.  [UL  464] 

BATHES,  ADAM  (1688-1670X  captain  hi  parUa- 
mentery  army,  and  suocesaivdy  commissioner  of  excise 
and  of  customs :  membCT  of  army  and  admiralty  com- 
mittees; several  times  M.P.  for  Leeds,  and,  1669,  for 
ApjdMby ;  imprisoned  in  Tower  for  treasonable  practices, 
1666.  [Ui.  464] 

BATHB8,  JAMES  (1766-1887),  watercolonr  painter : 
pnpU  of  Romney ;  exhibited  at  Royal  Academy,  1796- 
1M7.  [UL  466] 

BATHE8,  JOHN  (1768-1787X  lawyer:  BJL  Trinity 
CoUege,  Cambridge,  1777;  feUow,  1779;  MJL.,  1780; 
studied  law  at  Gray's  Inn :  became  a  xealoos  whig  ;  pub- 
lished poUtical  writings  in  verse  and  prose.       [iU.  466] 

BATHES,  PAUL  id.  1617X  puritan  divine;  fellow, 
Christ's  College,  Cambridge :  refused  absolute  subscription 
and  was  compiled  to  leave  university:  successfully 
replied  to  charge  of  ccmdncting  conventicles ;  his  rdigions 
writings  were  aU  pubUsbed  posthumously.        [UL  466] 

BATHES,  RALPH  (d.  1669X  bishop ;  MJL.  St  John's 
College,  Cambridge,  1681 ;  university  preacher  ;  opposed 
T4»timer ;  professor  of  Hebrew  at  Paris ;  bishop  of  Lich- 
field and  Coventry,  1664 :  D.D.,  1666 ;  deprived  of  bishopric, 
1669  ;  published  a  Hebrew  grammar.  [UL  466] 

BATHES,  ROGER  (1646-1683X  secretary  to  Cardinal 
Alien :  abjured  protestantism,  c  1679 ;  secretary  to  Car- 
dinal Allen  at  Rome;  published  ' Praise  of  SoUtarinesse,' 
1677,  and  *  The  Baynes  of  Aqvisgrane,'  1617.     [UL  466] 

BATHES,  THOMAS  SPENCER  (1888-1887X  phUo- 
sopher ;  educated  at  Edinburgh,  where  he  studied  logic 
under  Sir  WiUiam  Hamilton  [q.  v.] ;  graduate  of  London, 
1860 ;  teacher  of  pbUosophy  at  PhUosophical  Institution. 
Edinburgh,  and  assistant  to  HamUtou,  1860;  editor  of 

*  EdinburKh  Guardian,'  1860-4  ;  introduced  to  Carlyle  by 
G.  H.  Lewes ;  assistant  editor  of  *DaUy  News,'  1868-64 ; 
professor  of  logic,  metaphysics,  and  English  Uterature,  St. 
Andrews,  1864 ;  wrote  articles  on  Shakespeare's  obscure 
and  unfamiliar  words  and  on  his  school-learning,  which 
were  collected  as  *  Shakespeare  Studies,'  1894 ;  superin- 
tended ninth  edition  of  '  Encyelopeedia  Britannica,*  1873- 
1887,  being  associated  with  Professor  William  Robertson 
Smith  [q.  v.]  from  1880.  [SuppL  L  147] 

BATHHAM,  JAMES  (<f.  1668).    [See  Baikham.] 

BATHIHO,  first  Baron  (1788-1810).    [See  Townr- 

HBND,  CHARLBS.] 

BATHTOH,  Sir  ANDREW  C/f.  1640X  scholar; 
attended  Knyvett  on  embassy  from  Henry  VIII  to  the  em- 
peror ;  several  Umes  M.P.  [UL  467] 

BATHTOH,  THOMAS  (d.  1880),  surgeon  at  Bristol 
Published  works  on  ulcer  and  spinal  diseases.    [UL  467] 

BATHTTIH,  Sir  HENRY  WILLIAM  (1766-1840), 
admiral ;  captaUi,  1794 ;  served  in  West  Indies,  Mediter- 
ranean, and  at  Buenos  Ayres,  1794-1807 :  at  Trafalgar, 
1805 ;  rear-admiraL  1818 ;  vioc-admiraL  1821 ;  admiraU 
1837 ;  K.C3.,  1815  ;  G.C.B.,  1839.  [UL  467] 

BAZALOETTB,  Sir  JOSEPH  WILLIAM  (1819-1891). 
civU  engineer :  pupU  of  Sir  John  Benjamin  McNeiU  [q.'v.] ; 
engineer  at  Westminster,  1848 ;  chief  engineer  to  metro- 
politan board  of  works,  1866-89 ;  carried  out  construction 
of  metropolitan  drainage  system,  1868-76,  and  Thames 
embankment,  1868-74;  M.I.C.E.,  1838,  president,  1884; 
C.B.,  1871 :  knighted,  1874.  He  did  mach  work  in  con- 
nection with  metropoUtan  bridges,  and  published  many 
valuable  professional  reports.  [SnppL  L  149] 


n  THOMAS  {inr-lBSl),  IT 


titH-igii.  aut  pahapi  fungal  U  Cokbtwlcr.       [m.  MB) 

BEAOH,  THOMAS (rf.lJSr).  pott;  wine mmluiit »t 
WreiliBm:  pnbUihnl  'EugoilD.  or  Uw  TirtPOoi  HDd 
Mlippr  L!(»,   1737.  [liL  *68] 

SSAOH,    THOMAS  (17I8-1B06).    porlnlt-piilntw : 

Iui^  ot  Rernolila;  eihibltal  at  Hofnl  Acidimy.  1T»>- 
TM.  [111.  118] 

BXAOH,  THOMAS  MILI-BB,  (1841'18M),  minrn- 
nmt  fi)T,  knovn  ai  ■  Majok  u  Oah074  ' ;  apprentice  u 

dn[ivBtOiilsbHts:wa]ttDNe«yo[k,18«l.t-' 

«1^  M      — ■  " 


^t  In  Bwluid,  isn,  and 

, .jn.ua-Qart  to  Mr.  Eob«t . 

ofarimlnaldslcccliodiiputnHnt  In  Londoo;  BnalljMt 
America,  1888 :  ^va  ertdBaas  aiiliut  Irllh  ARltaMn  M 
Parrell  eomnUnBloo,  IdW ;  pahlUhBl  ■  T*enty-BTB  Sean 
la  Reor^t  Service.'  1899.  [SnppL  L  1(1] 

BEAOOH.    (SecBitrort.] 

BXAOOBSFIELD,     Eim.     ug    (1MM-IB81>.      [Ss 


{IBM):  liltnea'Ruvi  TMlmonj':  pabllihed  'J 

a  TbaiiHnl  Chrlstiaa.'  [III.  418] 

BBASOy,  Sir  CBGIL  (1810-1881),  Indlaa  >tatainao 

vdncalal  a"  '  -         ■  ■      -   -        ■     ■  ■ 


BUBOIt,  FRBDBRICK  (1777-1879),  diTli 
BlDbard  Bendiui  (1737-1811)  [q.  *.] :  ediioUol  at  Cbarter- 
toOH  and  TrinlCr  CollKe.  Oxford :  pisented  to  living  of 

eaoou  roald^laiT  ol  WelK  1S13-7I.  [IlL  4«1] 

UMItaW,  RIOHAKD  (17»7-lgM>,  blibop:  BA.  St. 
JoliD'a  OnllFgi,   Oambrldm    17t8:   Ictlnw   and   lotor: 

ruUlDontor,  1768;  muter  at  Jetox  Unllmu,  Cambridge, 
j;8l:  blibop  ol  OloaowMr,  17B»,aiid  a(  Batb  and  Welta, 


puliUtbod 

[SU| 

.,rHi){loiu. 
1,  and  Trii 


Tfoip  OhlocHe.  and  oUicr  writJugH. 

■EAL,  WILLIAM  (l8U-137(lXrHl8lolu<  WTllH-;  edfl. 
caiM  It  KliifCii  Oolleg*.  London,  and  TriDilj  Oolles*. 
Cdmbridtn;  B.A.,  L847;  LUD.  Aberdcan;  Tlcar  of  Bronkv, 
Nortolt  1817  :  pubbihed  tellaloii.  worki.  [It.  i) 

BKALE,  BARTHOLOUBW  (/.  1S8U),  portiaUiit  and 
pbJdcUm :  UD  or  Mar;  Besla  U.  T.l  [if.  1] 

B£AXE,  ORARLES  {Jl.  IffitX  partlait-palDtsr,  nn  ol 
Marjr  Beak  [q.  v.] ;  leUrad  Irom  pnrieaaini,  IS8).  [ll. ») 


i.  FRAKOIB(jt.  IWOX  author  dCItorallOan) 


o  Cbiutea  11,  IMt : 


q  Her^Drdflblrv 


.    UAJIY    (lU3-leg7).   lonnilt-iialnUr, 


robably  of  Hobert 


Cbarhi  II.  Oovlif, 
[iv.  »1 


1  of  GT^plocalTiniJtu, 
if  tbe  bodj  ot  Jenut. 


ttaUug  Willi  Mary  Qd 

imITVp.  (ot  — •^- 

ManotBiitn 

mimi^bcfm: 


iCiMi:  n 


d  on  bB',IUB.aiidn«J 
7:  Bvred KBdvLdsMir 
anptoyed  Id  mootlatloii 
(nm  cant  and  caitla- 

iDqalMtnialinoaotialbKbolKlMS:  £lU LoKwUUtt. 
OonwaU,  lUt :  wtoj  to  tnat  (or  hub  «■(]>  ^aJn  at 
Bmlagne,  lUa :  wnt*  leg«L  hIMOTloal,  pciUlial,  and  stlK 
verkii  nanibm  of  WiaiiWhan  BortWj  ot  AnUqoarUa. 
[It.  »] 
SULK.  THOMAS  WILLBItT  (1818-lSM),  I»i»«l- 
laoeoaQ  vrtter;  oallBl  to  bar  at  Lincoln'!  Inn,  1863; 

London  ami  provlnns ;  originated  natioual  moaic  mect- 
iDis%  nt  CrTBLai  Palaoe;  pqbJiHbol  «n^  and  pianoforte 
and  diamaUc  picca.  [SuppL  I.  IM) 

BEALE.  WILLIAM  (d.  letlX  royallit  dirine:  ala- 
atWd  at  Westmlmlo'  and  Trinity  Uolleice.  OambrMgc: 
" -      -■   I«M  OnUrse,  Iflll:  M.A.,  ISIS: 


trobdcacoik  ot  Canoartbeo,  II 
lEuia  OdUeiR.  last,  and  of  SL 


and  lupritoixd  by  OnnuwelI,lf 


Ml  madriiiiala. 

[iv.  8) 

>,  BDMOND  (1803-1881),  psillical  a«iuuar: 

EloD  aod  Trinity  OaUiBe,  Oambridgc :  M.A, 

1  to  bar  at  MJddl*  ^oiplr,  laau;  eqnUj 

A  ooonyaiuv ;  aohietBd  o^fbrttT  br  bla 

PoUASxUn'FttaDdi  am 

OoBiBilltn.  BmaDdnalkRi  Soole^.  Qaifbi 
..J  .1..  Dj —  I n[  nrhlob  he  « 

'   ""TiV.lir" 


Ju-0«  of  . 

for  ^ving  opinion  unf 
lawardu  Michael  de  la  F 


defence  ot  KaHitb  oout :  cblef- 
u ;  uDTUcoesfilul  Id  qaeUIng  Wat 
lcal«bted.  l)St ;  allsd  to  litteod 

' ^rable  to  parllament'i  aotlon 

dkhIIbL  11*7.  (It.  «] 


NORTH  LUDLOW  (UST-iefSXniniUrj 


Ulf  workA  InultJdA  tranatatlDoH  of  Coont  n 
mliltary  wilUnga.  [tr.  la] 

BEAKOKT,  WILLIAM  JOHN  (1818-1868),  dlTl»: 

B.A.  Trinity  OoUege.   CunbrldiE,   IgW;   

U.A.,  18U;   ordained,  IW  ■   — '— ' 

ehaplalo  In  Britbdi  anny  du 


BBAH  1 

II).  flnt  'blibop  o( 
Iv,  UJ 

Inelw  <(  Ibc  imtTBiltj.  int  -.  eiecatod  dnwin^  ol  tbe 
vxflHd  eoQcfo,  which  cutv  beoo  Hrerftl  tima  npro- 


Bim,  Oifad,  n 


D.D^  1)9(1;  look:  orden:  cLuplKln 
iBHItf  of  Ohvfcrboupe,  17U;  pre- 
< :  pubUahBl  anUiiauiiui  wrlUnin 


nnot  Ji4iBBdl7Bard  [q.T.]:  &A.  London  UclTcnll;, 
•if;  aMMut  u  Hide  chjpel,  (Ke  C™.,  Cbahtre, 
IMD.  ud  Kdc  pvlor.  IBM-SS;  mlnliUt  «t  KnisUw 
knrt  nbmpii.  LiTiiinol.  1M7.B8;  vkn-piuldeot  of  Unt' 
"enity  Oolite,  Uvopoot ;  Eiblwrt  Iwtartr,  18M  ;  Ll-D. 
8l  Andmrs.  I9W :  paMlitatd  nUgloua  wriuntn. 

,    JOBS  {L7l6?-i™u  HcBr  wirra 

nlaad  tn  (taa  Klng^  ohtpd ;  ■ppeued  >C  Dniry  Lue  u 
miJfiaitamwalK  in  '  Tbi  Dnfl  to  pt/,'  1797;  utOovent 
™,__  ^  -._ .- . ^  1udi~0i.  .1  ■  ■   ■ 


BBATTOHAKP 


BSATBOH.  ALBXAHDBR  (im-lMl),  rora 
t  HflQu ;  pDMlgii,  UAdn>  lufftotr?,  1776 :  toirin* 


BEATBOn,  BENJAMIN  WRIOaLESWO&TH  (IM)- 
l«li},  cUhKaI  Hduilu:  (ducUtd  at  Merchant  Ttjion' 
eclml  uii]  t^aubivkt  CoUom,  OKDbridgii ;  U.A..  IMU; 

Idlow  ^  pObUlbHl  CtpWCftl  WOlkL  lix.  tU] 

BEATBOK,  QBORQB  STIiWARD  (d.  1S71),  luiinnn- 
gcDiir^:  UJJ.  Ultigow,  leSG;  on  anai  medlctJ  alall  Id 
{>:ylOD.lBII|.tl.am)  sutn^aeall)'  In  Barmill  and  Turkey  ; 
aur^otm-eisMfHl  and  prlncipaJ  m&Llad  offlor  o(  Eunman 
tnnps  In  Inlli.  1«U-I<  am]  1H71 :  In  charge  gl 


I,  BIOHABD  (/.  tU}-l[7<).  [B« 
USD,  TBOMA£  id.  ie»>,  porlUn  dh 
al  GBmbridt^ :  rector  ol  Eicu^fraire^  1AM ; 


;  ^i-n>(«  reIl^oii4  voAe 


;'r« 


t,  KATHAKIEL  (l8l«-m9X  enKlHR 
M-  inrki  fee  dnlidns  and  naTigaUsiir  rlnx  Lie,  IBSO: 
pDt<{iibai  wTiUigi  on  bJilnDlle  cnginwring.      [Iv.  EC] 
iCBRBY    VISCBST   (IKJ-iaW), 


Utapin,'  ami  Brnol  Ddwiod'b  '  Flerrat  o[  Uii 
[fluppL  L  I  Ml 
RlClf  ARC  (1740-I81Bk  birikwIlFr  uid 


BB&Tm,  JIMBS  (I7U-1B03).  aosoltb  poH :  m« 
d(  a  tbopliiTpn'  and  fmaU  tanner;  M^  Uariiclial  Col- 
lege. AlientRU,  17C3;  Khwlnvsler  and  parlali  clfk  at 

nuur«r  at  Abflrdceu  vTuumar  Bcbool,  17U ;  pnfBiBor  of 
moral  pbllnaopli;  iihI  1o|W  aC  Marliiclial  Oou^e,  17*0 ; 
pnbliribed   'Orighiat  Paeon    and    f— ~i-n— -  ■   17(1: 

fctniBl  iiBia»iiii»noo  wUh  Orajr.  IW*;  1    ' 

on  TrulL,"  177U,  ar' '-    -- 


BK*TTtE,  JAMBS  HAl 


[1..  5*1 

hfariAcbal    CoUc^  ;  H-A^ 

cIaSt  m  tnoral  phUdaophy  and  Logic,  Almdaj,  1707. 

[IV,  :t] 
BU,TTIX,  WILLIAM  (17S3-1S7(),  phyilcUu ;  studied 
medldueal  EdlDbaivb:  HJ}„  ISIB:  pncUsei!  In  Edio- 
burgh.  uid  inliiaiiMUIr  In  OsDlviljiBd ;  attendal  Duka 
of  Oliinnce  (afterwardi  WUliam  IV)  on  tUIU  tu  Ocrmuir, 
ini,  ISlB.Bndine;  itodinl  at  Futi ;  LS.O.P.  Londoa, 
lSf7 :  praeClied  at  HunpaBaid,  lHf7-49.  He  wme  on  term* 
of  Die  clowrt  Moldahlp  vltll  Thomoa  Oampbdl,  whUe  Uw 

tinuiMBitiiuUnliinota.  Hit  writtuga  liir'  -" ' 

a  ■eri»of  ilHKrtpllte  ' 


BETH  UBS.  DAVID  (MDt-1U«X  arch- 

'~ ->-— --1    ' '^.Andn:i*-ft,GlA*gDW, 

hUtatip  at  Mlrcpoli 


IB,  IMl :  iiratiiniitai7ap(i<>alioudle|m(ca  lAerr, 
I:  aiaifand  tv  J<Ad  Ltalle.  In  nrsige  for  Ui  am- 
— "—  ,1  wia^rt,  one  of  Uic  man  pupulu  preachen 


le  Lite  and  Letlenol 


'"[(..aiT* 


BXATTT,  Sin  WILLIAM  14.  ISia;,  aargum:  ] 
iHaii  lo  araenwich  Hiwptul.  IMW-^U.  Pi^illihed,  im», 
'  Nurcutiveol  Dratbul  Liml  Malsiii.' whom  be  attsnlcd  si 
Tixfalmi  1  MJ).  ijt.  AiiJnwa.  and  L.C.P.,  IXIT ;  FJLB^ 
181S:  katgbUd,  189L  [l'-*7] 

BK&TroaAXP.  Eiiiu.    [Sec  Ltuo!!.  Wii.luh.  Dnt 


BEAUOHAXP.   < 


— _ m,  IMK:  bUbapofliai 

boj ;  awjitiahop  of  Qlngrrw,  IMM :  amhbUbop  of  Bl 


Hy.  18]        1111.  hot  Moll  no  part 


bliUnounp^n.l9U7;  Unkpartlo 
•  baDiebmait.l3u«i  cboiEIl  one  of  Uu 

tlon.  [It.  »I] 


loDfficcibrHeaiy  OI:  I 


ti«.  B»l 


BUUOSAKP.  Bm  WALTER  de  (fl.  Mil),  lawyer; 
VmgLt  Lit  Prcncli  wars  of  Hynry  IV  and  Hoirj'  V :  knight 
If  fthirc  for  Wkluhlra,  Ula ;  epulEcr  of  Udqk  of  Ootu- 
nwus.  Ule.  [iv.  33J 

BEAUCKAJtP,  WILLIAU  ni:  (d.  »e»>,  judge:  u- 
MnpuilBl  Jolin'i  tipcdlUon  to  Poilon,  ISll,  sml  iBl>- 
Kip^LieuUy  ablaW  bbrutiikl  iiiutjr ;  aheriff  of  BedfonlHhlre 

13H.  ■  "      "i..»T' 

XEAHOLXRK.  lawt  AMBLirs  (17;i-lS(S),  idml- 


Ui,  i8Se-s: 
■[i'v.Mi  ■ 


Tlcc-idmlrnt,  IBlfl ;  c 


Mi*-*  IDd  L»T- 


BHAtTPORT 

ZEAVFKV.  BELLOFAOO,  or  BBIXOf  000,  ROBBKT 

DR(A  IIWJ),  JfciiljircKnonnt  Sill'biirj:  raputtd  tullar 
D(  '  Bnoomlum  TopnitnphlE '  sal  oUiv  vorki.   [it.  311] 

BEAITFEU  or  BSUO  TiOO,  nnGBB  ni  (jl  IMS). 
ItOI :  JiODiOKHiFdlflKtMnl  KdviUfJ  1  at  BRnirk-Dii-Tweed 

OD  IniulOD  of  SOOUlOd.  1101.  [IT.  3ft] 

BEADFBi;,  W1LUA>[,  othcTMilK  r>i  BELuirtao, 
BKi.LOi'jao.BiuocGALannm.yitu.JSfJ,  lOTl),bitl«m 
of  ThEtford ;  ooo^ecmlal  by  lAotniic,  I08G.       [It.  97] 

BXADFORT,   Dcisl  or.    [S«  SouuuT,  HmiT, 


4-i;i<:l 


sk&hfobt,  d 

[.A.  Tnnlty  CoIUkti. 

lisi  of  OolJoo.  CO.  LoaUi. 


JO  US' 


1-1  Mi] 


)iibUfbcd  Qup  of 
«»..o.  1....  [IT.MJ 

BBAUTOST,  DA.HIBL  OOBNBUa  de  (IIOO-IIM), 


BKAttrOBT,  BSHUKS. 
■-- — ^lUI;n 


rtb  duke  lAp  Ik 
dutafq  i^twl 


BUITCLSS2.  l^rnr  DIAHA  (173«-inoa).  umiiteur 
ArtLit :  cUost  dbogbter  of  CQjvIh  SpeDcs*.  ■Doand  dukeoT 
MorlboTTfngh :    mkrtked   Hooud   Vlomant  BoMiigbroka, 

[q.  T.'l,  Ufa,    Hh  »-otI™  iuolDde  UlUBtiutlod*  (or  Drjdeu'i 
'F*ti1«.'  [it.  91] 

BEAVCIBXK.  TOPHAM  (WIB-IJSU),  frioid  of  Dr. 
JobBSDa:  grendHm  ol  Obula  Beauctcrk.  fint  duke  of 
Bt.  Albini :  edaated  «  Trinity  Collofo,  Oxford :  ro- 
k|T^  IrlBDdiblp  at  Dr.  JolmwD  iiItR  1717 ;  surrlal  Luly 
I&u  Bjiencer,  lf««.  [W.  U] 


a  nam 

ooii>n(uent1y  [uutDid  forfdt :  fought  for  LsueuWaBa 

Mlol!"'       "''''  *"  ^    [SopplVimT" 

BBAOJOBT.  Sm  FRASCIS  (1771-1867),  rar^idDilnd 

■od  liy klnsmpher ;   wti  of   Dujld   Au^uilm  Baiufcvi 

Tejnl  cutmiix  to  Itlu  lie  U  riats,  IBU) :  pwt-«plalii, 
IBIO;  Hurveyal  ooost  of  Kwnuiioi,  lHll-19,  uid  pub* 
lUbol  ndol^  1817 ;  hydraKniplji!rl4>]iHTy,183ft-M  ;  reA^ 
■dmlniJ  oil  rellred  Ibit,  IMS:  K.C.B..  IMS;  pnpHtd 
atlv  iu«d  by  Boclety  tor  Difl luIdu  of  Dseful  Koowlfld^ ; 
F.B^  ind  FJLA.S.  [iT.IS] 

XBATTFOST,  FRANCIS  LBSTOCK  f  ISlt-lBIB),  Ha 
of  BlrPnuielillaiitort  [q.  T.];  kdtbor  of  tbe  'Hgist  id 
<Jilmlii*lU"Froailurcb]Benei>r(18HIJ.        [I'- HI 

BKiUPOKT,  HBNRY  (d.  1M7),  blitiop  ol 

l«;  tamd  uxl  iUegiUmiil '  '-■--  -' 

Collierlpe  Sir Jofnnl ;  detiar 

LAuEMlln,  IB89  ft^  \iai ;  dmo  of  Wcua 

Llumlii.  ina;    cbiuinllor  of  Oitutd  UnlToiily,  liM: 

diaaoellar,    I40S~4;    mcmlKr  of   king*!  oounail,   1«H; 

bUbop  of  WlnoLealff,  UM ;  eierdoi-' ..-—...-  .-.- 

looe  ovtT  Priuoe  of  Wild,  uA  da 
with  Arcfablfllkop 
gokted  Ui>  Vogt 


eleclal  lifter  Uie  oooooil  bod  plid^fnl  I 
forblddot  by  )lau7  V  to  Hccept  Uie 

lU3:mi9iiberofcaiiDcll,IIM:  cLui 


Hanguy,  ntal  Bobemla :  uilital  pope  la  HumUb 
employnl  lo  aluln  at  Pnnoh  kfnghm,  ItfO-l; 
■1  Hniry  VI  Uok  of  Fnnoe,  it  Pub,  14S1 :  ^■ 
.  wUhiopportof  psiliamoit,  uiiltaDptbyDBkaot 
aUHsCer  nod  hli  party  lodqirlTi  bim  of  lile  neeBortaaat 
ntaardliulniiMnot  hcAl  an  Buirllih  ne,  l«it:  ■•■ 
miige  puce  B-lUi  inaoK, 


BEAITFOBT 


l*u  :  istitcml  uid  nsciiUu  «  nunain.  inn  wr.  mutr- 
iar  iar  digoitiei  bring  uiddUsL  [Buprd.  L  It7) 

nUQTOET,  JOHN,  flnC  Babl  av  Sohekhet  iu>I 
MxutCHOFDosKBTUdof  BuiiEi«in'{UT|}-U10).cld«t 
■VI  of  JidiB  «<  Oaoot,  bj  Ida  mldnH,  ChUwrliK  Swtd- 
rxfd^q.T.]:  l«<((iuui,imT:  icmd  i^slDt  Bvtwr, 
:  knislitiri,!.  IWl;  itmd  with  notaulB  knlstaU  in 
. oi  ammmt  Hid  MmhiUi  I  ' 


ft  Jvbii'i  cslkcv,  ChmbTidiiE  (INIB) ; 
t«nnio(C».t™(UxlWya»yndB  Wnnta.  [l'.*Sl 

KX&VFOKT.  EiR  THOMAS.  Seek  oi-  Exctkr  (•/. 
cri  Ouiut,  byOKlberiH  awjnhird  [i|.  v.] : 
.  adinLrm]  of  fletit  for  iHfrlhvra  parts. 

— _  , Bdnyitl  fora*  bi  nbeUSon,  14UB  i  tspbUn 

4  entail,  Itor ;  Bdnlnl  ■■(  nortlinn  uxl  mnetu  bu. 
,40ft;  i4»Trniir.  mff  If'  took  pnnuiiiHit  part  En  Fjvk^ 
nn.  in%-t3:  IMdUouI  at  NormudT  ud  tLO.,  lll«: 
xskd  Doke of  Bats  fbrUfe, Ulg ;  rdliml  Bpibai«h 
1«1T:  a|i«*lnalIIaDsi.MI>; 


SKAHTOT.  HEN[ty(<<.  171fXwlil«iialltldBo;  M.F. 
Iw  MUsim.  irm.  ud  om  YutnoaUi,  \IU  and  17M : 
d  corpontloD  urt^  ir87-IKI: 


•d  mnl  t*  tst 


1;  BJ>.  Chrin  Ohureli, '. _ 

a>nrdi.uulladliitr,1M>;iHbtl>linl-01acutruDilnlnue, 
Un-TB,  aud  Mbcr  rUsIoiu  wortab  [Iv.  K] 

[.BAH  IS  (J.  1810  ?),  eiigrevBT  uk 
In  PIcdiDODt :  puDJbihiil  bntwea 
1  In  HdoUi  of  Fnnix.  tb«  Alpi 
were  cslooral  by  Bmuirl  laai 


XU.IIKONT.  BA£lL<IU>-l70Bt,TC 

-      apUln.    le»S;    comin 

I :  HPlor  oOkcr  it  t^nlcliwd.  IBM  :  com' 
1  lB_tbe  Downs  and  Sortb  Sbi,  ItW- 

BEAOItDKT.  F 

borongli,  IS7S  '.  Judge  o(  wmniou  ptai.  16oi     '  [W.  M) 

BKADKOHT,  FI((tNC1H(l»IH-le]n),  dnnulM:  »d 
or  FniDcU  Bcanranut  Id.  lUH)  [lu  t.]  ;  nluaital  at  Bniad- 
RKiiH  Hall  (allenninli  nmbnkaDotlaRf ),  (Kfnnl :  enKnd 
Inner  Temple,  law :  made  aeqiiallltaim  of  Drajton  and 
Jopjon.  foTKntal  ol  wlwiieplayibe  vroteroiniDaidatanr 
TRK9 ;  WTOta  enjmiitljr  wttli  fabn  Flelcber  Irani  aboot 
IWMlDlel«:  tbeflntoidleatcdidlUDD  Df  Baanninntaud 
FtetcdMT^  playi  appeued  In  1H7.  [Ir.  M] 

SK&UXOHT,  BiBGKOHGBHrjWL*ND(l?»S-lgJT), 
art  patron  and  landirape  pa'  ' 
Kew  CoUoK,  Oiiford :  U.P,  lur  mniHon.  1 
qnatated  wltji  Dr.  Joliimn.  Reynoldi,  Seoa,  W 
Byron,  and  ColerUiR :  |  ... 


It  Elan  and 


BEAUMOHT.  HBNBY<1«1S-1»7)).  [S«  H*BdJUIiT.J 
BK&iniOIlT,  JOHS  nf.IMQ).  nutter  of  rDlli:l>Kal 
itf  Lajeatir.  IMU :  on  comiBisloii 


cmbToke  ColliycX  Diriird : 


Tbp  ivnrl 


gHtO    Hull    (IIOH 
Inner  Temple  i 

BdcIiIdi[1uhi,  ISK.    BIk  ponna  were  jiu 

LvUleli  lie  probably  apciit  nv 

Crown  of  TbOroB,' bna  dial  „ 

BEAraoKI,  JOHN   (•!.   llul).  cdIoikI;    alioiclal 
aj-lffl   11  kn  exile,  and  waa  onplnyrd  at  Jamc 
irt ;    aa  lieuTeuant-mlond  caableiea  by  ootut-m 

4S  :   aL-coDipaiUed  IMnce  o(  Orange  i1 


BEATIXOItT,  JOHN  (rf 
aplrlbiallim ;  i 


a  Flaulera,! 
liv, 
I ),  molotriaC  anil  wri 


m 


I  ltii>iil  Society  on  -  Hock-plnnu  Id  Lad  Uliiea  i 

MaiiMp  HlUfc'   li;«   and  UtS:    P.ILH..  lOW :    pnWlslll 

■  TnsUao  of  5[urlU  anil  Magical  Piactlus,' I7ut.  [Ir.  so] 

BEATrXONT.  JOHN  THOMAS  BABBER(ir74-l»(I 

[onmler  ol  liiaunuioe  Dn<«:   founrlail  County  Fire  ar 

for  bialorlo  pointing  from  Itoyal  Andeiny  and  Society  i 

BKAVKOirT,  JOSEPH 

U.A.,'leM;    eiraU^lf^lm'l 

1644 ;  doote^c  rliaplain  I 
D.D.  And  ebaplakn  to  kln^, 
list,  and  of  reterbDuiE.  l«Bi 
1174, 


'lG1S-1«M).m 


BBAUHONT 


BXAVKOirr.  t'UlLII'(lllU-133S).    [SkTbiimom 


udited  Id  Lili  itriHglg  Id  N'omuuidy  u'itb  Robert.  lOM. 
■Ddin  InniMoniif  fiiocB.lOW;  tKBine  Hmrj  !'•  •  tninal 

[It.  Ml   ' 


tin 


Kith 


B&LVlCOin',  ROBERT    UK.   BiR 

b .,j  "iB)rq.v.];  Sl*pb«i'ii  0 

'—^  wllL  An^vln  party  ou  Sl^pbeo'i 
tatrcj  at  SI,  M»i7  de  Prt,  Ldcatra 

c  ncs-4i,'iuij  uei.       [iV  ao] 


Mll(ll(M-H«>)[i).».li 
^imt  Heury  LI,  1173  ; 
Ldccater  burned ;  Im- 


kdDol  lYIiice  Hsuy  In 
hit  UiiKllsli  BbFb  nmSi 

tooqum.  liri;    «EUt  DU  pUariuage  to  pulewlne,  UM, 
Bixl  dial  In  dteax  on  bit  mnru  luaniey.  [iv.  ST] 

SBAVKOIIT,  nOBBRT  (d.  IK1\  dMi»;  «lucii(«l 
at  WuCmlDncr  and  Prterliooi^  Oambndgei  B.A.  and 
MID*,  1M«:  U-lu,  lUU;  dUTUig  VIvy't  nigu  aed  la 
Zniliili  1  Hiiguiit  pntaBC  <<  dlTlnlty.  CmibrldBe.  IMB  : 
niut«otTiinttTaAliBe.lHl:  DJ>..1U«;  rin-pluncEllor 
□(  nnlTR^y,  IHlMidKU;  ouiau  dF  Ely.  ItU;  be  ubi 
Dl  BguK  In  tbs  CUTbiin  oppialtlou  nI  Cambridge 


:U  NortkambcrUud  18 


BSAmOIlT,  WALERA^ 

cpil[itLd<»<t«rlUM-11SB)  [| 


It  NottbnnibeTland.  II 


broUicT  of  Robert  ilc  Bmarriaii 


';  ttducd  GvdOny  ch 


(ITSa-JSSJ).       [See     LiMR, 


nlimlilug  ielnud  of  Bulama.  nar  SI 
took  iMTt  Id  oooHiiwa  d  Caiie  ol  Of 
raJastlao  ol  OnliHi :  oommuida.  u 
UlnorBaNDDdvLDidKdUi.  ITM 

Inidmaila  otOvni,  I ' — ' 

ifliad  In  oluzRe  n  ^ _-.  — -  -   —  --  -— 

t^ieiklKIB-tlft^aBlio  reduDtlDDoE  ILinritiiii.  IBIU  ; 
serTBdlnUoiBmUqiiBindoulUdJieBuuBut,  IHii-it: 
dtm  U  Ttble  Bw.  [<'-  'U1 

BKATOB.  EDMOKD  (d._  17tS).  nsvy  OJipUln:  llea- 

iDflt  In  ft  Btona  wbllc  engotfcd  ig^net  BojttUli  rriKU, 
ir«.  ['».  "1 

iU.urcblt«t  und  [rt«j- 


■wilglit ;  lermd  m  Tolnnl«r  In 

djBiniUa  iu«»L  [1^-  ^^] 

BBOHX,  Sin  HBNBY  THOMAS  nK  u  (17IW-1MS), 
EBDlivin :  (utcnd  mlUtVT  Hbool  at  Mvlim,  1810,  but  Irft 
anny  Bt  pacoot  IHUl  italW  milogr  In  I>>rwt,  FruHe, 
^vi-liwilairi  (IBHXJuDn'o*!  ponUilIW  papBi  ambodjliig 
TBiDlUaC  bit  innninClBB*:  bagan  at  hie  own  expniK 
ndadail  map  of  fnilaiid:  vu  appolDUd,  IMI.  by 
K<i>vniinent  to  cwdaet  (ntoeia>l  >amy,  und  oltlnutely 
Kcund  tbe  iroctlon  of  th»  JtnjiyD  Bluet  niumun,  qpemd 
IStl;    (uwUcsl  olfiamoiUa)  Sodetj',  IH7i    knigblol, 


nrV  eirSp 


rBl-.lB7!).  K 
rt  at  Do  bill 
I.WUllamBB 


[U.  71] 


Uiylleld:  tnuulaUd  InU  E»gll:Ui  tRQ  boabof  ' 
BSOEXB,  JOHN  THO»AR<mo-IB4H),dJ' 


)f  Barnborough.  ISIfl ;  wrote 
n  quoCloni  relaling  lo  nclsl  eooaomy.  11>.  7»] 

BxaC.    [Sw  olu  Bql] 

Bscx.  OATK  (leJvirMf),  w 


ir  (rn 


ys&K 


*,  Helfo' 


's  bikI  perpfltaal  cnrfcte  of  St. 

.   .  (UB't,  >  'syrUBD  tm  ODircnal  ln^uiee  both 

(or  writing  and  rpaiUug.  [li.  7s) 

KEEK,  DAVID  {il.  lUO).  portnlt-ii^iilB' :  bom  at 
DeUl :  pupil  of  Vandycli ;  wotlMl  kt  mutta  ot  EDgUul, 

t, ...J  >.-^nla^t.  and  mbeeqnanlly  sntovl  lerTla 

[IV.  7T] 


Har^ret'e.  Ipawldi.    1 


aun.aiid  Uermi 


(/.  ISM],  divine ;  < 
ioperrUnl  edllions  o[  tbe  bible  wltb  aoi 


r!rs.2 


eudroge ;  eecretoTT.  II 


pnbUtbed   blBiorUnl 


St,  Tbomsi'a  Hoipilal.  RouEb- 
^'    --■■ '     praoUca]    worka  on 

[iv,  7H1 


BSOEETT,    GILBKKT    ARTIIUH   X.    (tgt7-t83l> 
[Ben  A  BliCK)TT.] 


ISAAC  (lM3-ins|.ot. 

I  wltb  Luttcn]  u  m^aotlnt  en^ 
lasl  and  1«S8,  inbiect  ptatee 


BE0K70KS,  PETER  (1740-1811). 
iiastiT  of  (Dibouoda;  palillihed  "ThDOBuui  i>|»ii  n.iv 
nd  Fox  HonUuH,'  -Bsuyii  on  Huotiui;,'  1781,  and 
KomllUu  Lottcra  Innn  Italy,'  leot;  M.F.  for  Morpeth, 
788.  [I.,  ft] 

BEOEFORn,   WILLIAU  (1708-1770).  lord   mayor  of 


fard,  1719  :  M.F.  lor  dty  of  Londoa,  I7M, 
CS:  sbnriff  of  tbe  city,  I7M:  lord  mayor. 
I :  etrongly  eapporlat  WiUn  wban  ohaisad 


Boqnejitly  Inicribed  DM  a  moiiiuoeut  erects 
In  anUdliaU:  Uid  HcH  eiwiq  of  Nowgate, 
ot  the  InmuHiDgfin'  UcHiipuuy.  17U. 

.      .  ILLIAlt  (d.  I7MX  b 

tforkt  relating  to  Jamuca.  where  I 
41dBhirtoryoI  I'niqce  (I7W). 


WlLLriM     (17S»-lftM).     1 
'  Vkthck ' ;  mi  of  WUUun  DecUqiU  [I7i>9-I7TI 


JOSIAHCAlTiMXiiotl'lU'fyi  (doMlol 

lu  likwruE)  ;  producol  PnUtlEFd  fllitloa  oE  BlDkuit'p  ^  Freg- 
mniU  Autlqilltntll.'  I'M.  [ll.  M] 

BECKWITH,  Em  THOMAS  ETDSKY  (177»-1MI1, 
ILentennntireneral ;  brotb^of  SlrQ«iFinBv1iwlth[q.T.]; 

Ueiletiuit,riri  raHmeDC  in  ItnUa.  17>1 ;  -  -'  '      

■ujal   In   Uuu 


inOuuda,  1S11;  aMLior^meral  in.!  ILO.Il.teH:  noloul 
of  rid*  briRnda.  inr ;  DmnnutHler-ln-rhief  at  Bombay, 
lan  \  LloitflbEnt-mimL,  ItUUr-  [Iv.  M] 

BBOOF,  JOHN  (if.  IHT).  diTlne:  JI.A.  St.  Jotanl 
Dal]i«c,  0«nbrtilJ!C,  lEH;  BnlnnltT  oralor,  IHI-I: 
prorlor.  l»71-»:  miKin  (1674)  «nil  rhunodlor  (IWB)  of 
Norwirh;  LLD..  1(74;  piwiilor  of  CliiclHtFr.  ItTt; 
pwhanlary  d(  Liohfldd,  IC81 ;  [olnl-Pluini-dlnr  ni  LlPh- 

BXCOH  or  BEAOOV.  RTCnARD  (/.  KM),  li 


MP),  Wnii'i  ner-      Mrtdijc  IMS;  i 


I    pal  It  Lent 
pniniiLUlol,  im.1iw.  ,7,:...  [Iv.9)] 

BECOH,  THuM.w  (lsl;.156;i,  [jroi.-t.-L.it  iiiviu,.; 
^A.  bU  Juiui'd  ('UllWH,  CrtUkU-kklffij,  143U:  vUmv  irf 
fizBuott,  K«i( :  mutifcAdd  irmjAliby  Tlth  fteformatLon. 
•nd  iL*u  oompdlal  k>  muit.  IMl  ud  IMa :  niniiartal 
i  by  laiHblBg :  1 


e.  KM:  lord  prlTy  hI.C.  l«a: 


;  JOHN  (l4Mr-lM«).     [Bee  BniK- 
uo.] 

nOXLST.  WILLlAlt  (d.  11*8),  (Jiumdlta :  pntatbly 
ItBliiuei  DJ>.  ■«  CtanbrMiw,  whece  luBiJmt  Biiny  y«ri : 
tad  (f  CkrmdtU  Iriuy  ■(  SuidirlEti ;  mote  tlieok«k*l 


,  .^  MABTIN  <rf.  1701),  eolood.  cWrf 

V  H^  finitiT  loiuHi  ol  KnglHnH ;  SnUili  nptain 
Dkry :  sitv*d  Krrlce  iX  Ohmrlei  II  u  «i!«l»er. 


■laoted  (ram  bla  tiling  u  muTleri  prlait :  on  relcu^ 
ndnd  to  Btmbarg :  momat  (o  BogtoDd,  l*t8,  uid  vu 
FCBfiond'  l4]  hie  Ixoi^fe  And  preaobenhlp :  DJ).  Chiu- 
brtdge ;  pahliabed  rtilgloui  workN  most  of  whiob  van 

BKDiraXB.  THOUAB  (17«0-IS0e),  p' 
Panbroke  OoUege.  OiTonJ ;  atudlri  medl 

■nd  Bdlnburgb ;  raBda  In  cbemUtry  at  0 

....  ...  _^.^__> .  cufton  a  'Pnsnmallo  InUi- 

dlnue  by  InbaliCtoD.  17Dlt ; 
'  of  Uarta  Edgawortb:  urate  anl 
and  othn  wd&  [Iv.  M] 

I.0TBLL<iaa>-lS4SXp»t>nd 

Uolli«e.  Oitonl :  i 
The  BriiV»  TniBijly  ■  /"■-■ '-    ""—  -"-'^ 


[It.  W] 
clan:   Kjy 
I  at  Loudon 
'Jxtanl,  I73B-«I ; 


SuppL  L  liU] 

.  ra  aBOBQB  (ITU-ISU), 

(■nlitarigD,  ITtta  nrlment,  1771;  litnta 
Bto.  IISI;  took  ptaBtamt 


[I..  S8] 

MCtiriTH,  JOBS  OHAHLBB  (1789-lM*),  nalor- 
nsil:>aitew  otBiraeOTsaBackwIltaEq.  T.]:  enalKU. 
im-.  "—«—"■»,  UCX;  aemd  in  HaoaiB  and,  onder 


■MM  la  FMaOBt  uanoK  tfaa  WaUBH  and  derotei  un 
a^>***pttht('Tft—  "^  —  *rfc*«*'"g  In  tbem  t1i£  ^AQ- 
pB^ihil. )»,—— 1,  !■«  [It.  B>; 

BlCtiriTa.    JOHX     OHRIBTH&B     (17M-1«0B), 

-iirtii  iin.iiiiiiirm  r-i-Tir-r-'-- " — ■-'■  '"' 

■M  M  WiirwMi  OattHdraL  IWS-t;  Mn..  Doo.  Oitoni, 
UM:  HtaluMd  etenta  adapted  to  tlM  JFialmi  (leua). 
'^^  [It.W] 


i»«to,  1B63,  CWogne.  1«11, 

.<,  and  la  J.  1>.  Mitfiut't  '  Pulrologiie  Ouniia 
itoi,-  Parti,  laM.  [It.  W] 


Ohimh,  LoDdoo,  IM7-7e 


. ,.  .     13:  Miow, 

ini :  Drdalnol  print.  1W1 ;  B-Dn  I*» ;  sppobitcd  to 
ebonb  ol  SI.  Uur'i,  Biirjr  SL  Bdmand'i.  iau3-T :  cOutp- 
lilD  U  tjlr  HcnirWottiin  at  Tntoa,  1007-10;  notar  oT 
HDnilnnb«Ui,l«lS:  praiat  oE  TriDllr  OoUege,  DoUln, 
1«3T:  bIshopolCllnHinud  Atdaeti((».  LiHiBrordt.iaM; 
nlgiHd  tetat  Anligh,lU) ;  died  &om  bsidiBjpaciidiind 
iatiig  rebeUlen  of  IMl.  [ly.  IM] 

BBSSXAV  or  ElXVUfI,  L^WASNCB  (/.  117)- 
Itlo),  Khokr :  fcUow.  ud  mtoc  (117R-80)  of  Supddoa 
BkU  (DOW  Elder  CoUcge),  Oiford:  iiiipaided  fnm 
praidituB  u  ndrocBle  of  Wjrollile"!  dootrim*.  IISI; 
nstor  or  Ulton,  Dnonalilre,  1361-1411).  [It.  108] 


THOH&S  (17<0-17M>,  poM:   cdn- 


rd  ud  OmobrldgT  nod  it  Pull, 
, ;  pTDtflnoU]  Id  Kugluid  i  wrote 
[It.  10»J 

BXLTORO.  DnxKB  nr.  [See  John  ur  LANriffrxH, 
ISW-lUt:  TUDUH,  Jiiu-Eii,lillT-14W:  Rdhiiu, Wii, 
LUH,  ant  Ddki  of  UiE  Buaanj.  fuu^,  18l(-irOa  : 
Rutnsu,  Jnas.  (ooRh  Dnu,  1710-17T1 :  Rowbu., 
FuKCU,  lllth  DiTKK,  ITW-iaU :  Bmnu,  Johh,  Hith 
Ddeb,  ITSI-ISN :  itDBHsu,  rsAKcm  Ob^rub  HurmoH, 
ninth  Duix,  Igl»-1WL] 

.     IS«*  RuMiLL,  John,  Orrt 


StSrORD,     ARTHUR  (l«U-I74tX 

writer ;  V^.  BruenoH  Oolleia.  Oitori,  lUl ; 
beutof  Tnnple01iiircb,Brinol,lBBI,Hid  Newton 


\   joiadd  Oollter  In  orninde  tgmloat  U 


Eo  yrederiiA,  prinofl  of 


BUVOBO,  PKA.N0I8  (ITW-IBS)).  booUiiiider :  en- 
tend  woikihap  ol  Cbulei  Lewli  [q.  t.]  :  In  putnenblp 
witb  John  Olirke  of  Frith  Street.  Boho,  IMl-tO ;  want 
to  Clipe  of  Good  Bops.  IMl,  tcA  nheequutl;  edabllilwd 


MM.  [It.  la] 

IMIX  nppwier  ol  qami  Mmtj  ;  prlTT  ooddoUIoi.  lUl : 
amHable  of  Tower.  IIH,  when  the  FrioMa  EUBbeth 
wu  oomiDittfd  to  hl>  ebugt  for  eompUdty  In  Wjatfa 
nteiUoii ;  knight  of  ihlre  lor  Norfcilk,  IIU,  IIM  ud 
1U7 :  retlnd  from  pobUc  Uh  on  EliKheth'i  uaeBkn. 
[1».  UH 

sssnionzLi),  bib  hekrt  (iasa-i«B7X  ohM- 

Imtloe  ol  cummon  ptsi ;  oiUd  to  bu  it  UdooId'*  Ina, 
IU7;  meind  the  ooU.  ItBl;  Uitft  nrjfut  and 
knichtcd:  ni)>.(tewiud of  Onmi  Tumoiith,  ItM;  Itdm 
igsa  :  chkC-lmtineoommoo  pleu,  1«».  [ir.  lit] 


SKtNOfaFIXLS.   THOH&B  | 

- (rf.llWS)[q.T.] 

;  publitbed  mla 


wTitd, 

[SoppLLIUl 
,D,  HIUIUH  (ltSl-17H),  Doaoonfonniit 
ooktal  tt  at.  John'a  CMIaEB.  Omnbrtdge; 
tor  of  Wittering ;  ejeoted  at  the  rerolntlaii : 
>  Dr.  Km ;  Unad  and  imnlKHnd  onfiutlT  on 
t  harlnjc  written  'The  Haredltarr  Bifbl  ol 
of  Bofliuid amttod' <171»:  bname ablihop 
hmrt :  mdiUahed  rdulooi  and  other  worki. 
[It.  110] 


.  OlaigDw, 


I,  JOBS  (1 810-1 WBX 

1831.  and   mbaeqaentlr  Id    UanobBtv,  B 
West  Bnnnwleti,  and  Dmttj :  prcaUent  of 


appeared  on  Mage  at  Swanaea :  In  Dmrr  I&i 
■umpanj,  IRH^;  Koed  Macnadyi  sompaDy  i 
at  Oormt  Garden,  1S31 :  aubasqumtlr  plaj-edeai 
ooawdjpartaat  AdelphI:  Ian  appeared,  IMS,  at 


HI] 


ge,  Dambrldge ; 
Dnrbun'i htatorir o(  I>nrhamOstbedial(lI)t) 


t.   1113),  eon   of   air 

ill^HKU  vorin. 

[It.  Hi] 
.  .iRTHOMASCUMT-lMIXlawjw- 
ciuHk  IS  uu  lu  Oray'e  Inn.  teU;  I^nt  reads,  lot 
attonqr-gensal  of  ilnob;  ol  IxDoaRar  and  knighted. 
oomotltCed  for  oantempt  ot  Hooie  of  lAida  Is  HtaMim 
to  deleid  Sir  Bdward  Herbert,  who  waa  taapeaohed  br  U» 
OmnoBni  (or  ilvriiis  In  the  attempt  to  am*  the  Bra 
niemben.  1*41 ;  eaJeant-at-Uv  and  joatloe  oC  oommoa 

Eleu,  lUB :  retlnd  al  latenesDimi :  reappointed  lerieant, 
MO.  IlT.  lli] 

ISDL&T,    LoBP  (Itaol-ltM).      [9ee  Bobkbibox. 

SZIILOZ,WlLLIAU(lUO-l<aoXadTentDra;  worked 
u  olookmahar  and  oobUer :  ednoatad  br  DaTtd  Lewto.  a 
inuilt-  oune  to  E<DodDn,  1«70,  and  UiiA  b;  eharplo*; 
lo  have  hem  antloipated  by  Oaln  in  maUng 
mi  o(  the  popiih  plo^UIB-l;  in  reoripC  K  iOL 
Km  the  n^  fuida,  1(79  ;_niihlli  oonUmoa  fa 
mmUdlndniibedrneSO.  Ha  pnbUabed  nnni 
werki  on  bit  'Rer^aUona,'  the  ohW  bong  'A  Kamlir* 
and  Impartial  DlBBin«T  of  the  HnrU  Aptah  Plot . . . 
by  Captain  wmtam  Bedkn,  laldf  aiwaged  In  UiM  bonld 
dealgn,'*clt7S.  [It.  HI] 


BJl.  TriDlff 


weeUflF 


■     -     —    -    "         -   V        iTtba  U 
poblldNd  at  DffHa  BpHtha  ot  John  In  B 


BXDTIiL,  THOMAS  (d.  1M7) ;  dlTlna :  oleA  ot  pdry 
oonoU:  RCWStw  OoUege.  Oxford,  IMS;  eeotMarrtD 
rcbbiiibDp  Warbain,  1110-31 ;  tmril  efaanlala  aad  diik 
— :  employed  1^  Hmrr  rtl!  In  b    ■ 


BXDrORD,  THOMAS  (/.  tUO).  tmakgliui :  _._ 
QneeDB'  OoUege.  Oambridge ;  notor  of  St  Martin  Oat 
wId^ London. before  IMl;  pabUabBd  tlHolngtoal  irork 
aol  (lUO-KO)  took  prominent  port  in  rdlgkua  oootro 
tmy.  tiT.  Jill 

BmfOBO,  THOHAS  (d.  1T73).  Boolunir:  eon  ot  ' 
ffilklali  Badtnd  [q.  t.]  ;  edooatcd  at  Weetmlnsta  aad 
SI.John*er 


.  [It.  IJO] 

BXS,»T. (d.MOn    [SfflBBOHA.] 

UU\  actbor :  rector  ot  3t.  Mar;  WU,  Load 

HSOLltU- 

on.lH0-7«: 

lit.  Ul] 

BBXOHAX.  JOHK  (173T-1BM),  matbodin:  gVMnl 
■KiBtarr  to  Weileyau  UiniouarT  Soole».  IStl  -.  la^- 

SSSOBKT,  FREDERIOE   WILLIAM  (17M-1SHX 

irhlch  he  publiabcd,  ISUr  mpk^ad  In  ■on*)' ot  oMNa 
of   Hnrtli    AtrMa,   1811-1.   Booth   Amerloa,   IBIf,  aM 

j  Irelaul,  1R37;  oxpUin.  18}7;  rear-admiral:  prealdmt. 
Boyal  GeographfagalSooletj.lBU;  publlalied  geogrnidiiail 

I  workt  [It.  Ill) 


Bznmr,  qkobos  d.  (/.  iai7-iui),  pannii 

nlDtcr;  mtbx  of  BIT  Wnikm  BisctKy  [q.  t.]:  «■ 
laUfBiUStiTtlAcmiaij.tEU-M:  bccunecoart palaui 
to  kim  si  OdUl  [Ir.  t«] 

•od  cxpldcv:  broUvr  of  Gcor^  L,  iieoebey  [ij-  v.); 


Die.  JAUBS  (IfM-luai.  [Qienuu 

I%tiUi«'  tUAoM;   baWbuUdcn'   apiinqllin-:   li 
, -dI.rlglitlne'lUlibii«t,lt(l 


dtaa  of  Briitol.  1KI4. 
■atbortty;  putillihol 
[i..  IM] 

fT.  4LFHKD (IBOK-IMJ), auUior  Q(  ■HUlory 
■■"•  [It.  HI] 

[Tor  BI8LZT.  GEORGK  trf,  IBVl).  call^Uc 
nliicstid  at  DDUay:  onLiUiigd  pikxt,  1987: 
liliiDli^im,I»8«;  euouted.  [It.  UB] 

Bat   WILLIAM  (A  ITOIX 


USA  1Mb  OML?).  utat;  pBrbain  tonndal  w 
'-'—■-  " — .---.--.  ^^  Korthnmbrla.    Her  blot's] 
■col  SL  HdD  ud  SU  BcgD. 

flv.  ] 

d  FJLOJ     -  -  " 

WARBDBTOM  (IB»'lgTe),  pb}- 


txjsr. 


BtgUa  (d.  r.y.   MJ).  1M7.  and 
|h :  rtoUed  kn  Full ;  pbyirtoliiii  to 

■     ""    hen.  i.Ti.ri,  Edln- 

[IT.  1S71 

J,  JAHBB  (U08-1M1X  bte  chnrab   mlnliter: 

U.  Ohinw ;  llnuia  M  pnMdiar.  ISta :  oididiHd, 
IW:  fiM  at  Miliv,  1B31,  UtMrUn,  1BU-4I,  ud 
■■"■■"   '""     "■"*  -  ^  .  -  j(  mingidkiil 

Bnbl;  of  ttas  R» 


>W  BitaB,  It  dM  nmhmt,  ud  galDid  mteuioe  to  Uu 
an:  mpIotm  bjCItauballMmjrin  Aotmn  on  oM- 
■sktit  DoMiww:  ntauiicd  to  InadaDmiid  Hcuu  ■ 


[t  bn  *  Pon'd  UAfrii^ '  a 


"[It.  ISll' 


SB,  WILLIAM  (J.  1M4),  jcnlplor  :  IrothBT  of 

■DM  [q.  T.]  i  tniii«d  u  A  pluia  mjtanfaatara ; 

Royil  toadCDiT.  1919 :  galoel  hitrb  npnUtlon. 

CDicuy  lor  portrait  bUritf.  brtwfwi  19SQ  And   kfltO;  buik- 

rvpl.  IS61;  vfof  pLckcd  op  tnnn  the  fltnet  And  died  La 

UUdlDwi  Bwpttol.  [IT.  Ul] 

BZIOHTOir,  HKSBTM,  U4)l,  "urroyor:  ■nryejoi 

Billion  o(  DuKdnle'i  ■"WMTi'Ick.liln  ■ :  prepa™!  loip  or 

'  Bd  1710);  (dltor  ol '  LadlH'  Diary; 

pflbUibed  ud  laft  Id  muiuiuirtpli 
[IT.  mj 


wkld'i  blblo,  Ibm,  ud  ot 


ItBtereatcd  Id 

BSITH,  ALEXAHDRRdriW-mUdltlDe;  sluiated 

OLiegovt  nnin-ralty;  mlnistw  »iirio™>lTiay  >I  Ohiin, 

GlugoH',  KUbnndon,  Olcnelg.  uJ   StUllos  (Iglt-TB); 

, — . ,  . ...__.  _,  --,u;^  iSAt:  D.D. 


I  Bei  of  Emby :  (11  Bti  of  Luoeby ;  (l)  Bck 

11..  IM] 
!TONY  1  (d.  laiO).  biihop  or  Diirluiin  ;  ion 
Bk,  bnrou  of  Ere»by.  LluDoliHliln :  beld  flvu 

DDDimiflfliouen  to  nrrao^  uurrlnfrv  of  Prinoe 
I  MarguTtof  BcotliiDd,inO;oaeoEBdwanll'B 
n  dDrlng  ugoUitlDu  tmtctUg  Bcltol : 
abitaotUIly  uditad  Uwud  In  Sooldih  eno^tliui, 
"-"'  --'  'tM;  (Dtotil  Into  dbpgto  wltb  Blsliiud  da 
■  of  DOOTStt  Of  Durhun,  ooiucndu  vlMitatfan 
nt,  IWO :  refuHd  to  noeept  Bdwkid'i  d( 
,  ud  VHi  doprlTed  of  *'■-  -——"-»- 


1>9«    HHl    I 


dU,  1^'  ' 


[It.  IMl 


'ne  uuuUed  Dy  tbe  pope ;  dain  of  Llonlii.  IJM :  ctupliiu 
)  tha  pDpa  and  olBTlt  of  Kdldui  curia :  biahop  of  Norwich, 
137 ;  perhapd  polAooed  by  inonka  of  h\A  catbedraJ. 

[W,  lla] 
BSZ,  THOMAS  I  {d.  IIBS). divine:  elder  broUier  ot 
Jilouy  Dck  1  [q.  t.)  :  oliucellor  of  Oilord  CnJieruty, 
2ES;  ksner  ot  vu>dnb*  to  Bdwaid  I,lir<:  lonl-lrea- 
anr  and  teinpoTiuykceparof  great  KAl,  1171;  prebendair 
t  UocoH  aul.  IsWr,  blilioii  ot  St.  DaTtd*!,  IMO :  niuao. 
euf oily  oppoaal.  ai  a  proteit  In  behalf  of  ih*  lodepend* 
n«  of  tlie  Welib  Dburoh,  anlibliliop  Peckbam'i  TWta- 
Idd  of  the  Welsh  dlome.  UM :  peibapi  wept  on  pil. 
_, .-„..-, ^  [i,  1,,^ 


THOMAB   II   ( 
.     .        Antoiy  Bek  II 
prebendary  of  UdooId,  isaj 


anaeit 


n^.  IM] 
TILBTONE  (lTO-iaT4i  Abyal. 

itndled  lair  at  UsDOtD')  Inn ;  pub. 
Icie,'  lB34,and  papenoDorimtialni^ 
of  Society  of  AnttqaaiMi,  Boy>]  Oao- 


King  Tlifalore  of 


BEErtreAIT 

iwd  In  Gnwti;   nnilBrtook  mlfrtrra  t 
4lE  af  nnr,  faiio^'init  Thtf 


It  Fjuit  UuKwiit; ;  pabllilwl  i 
ibeolutfl  Rofis  impurio.'  I6M. 
BEKYMTOM,  THOMAS  C 


CI  MO).  Llnoolu  (IS 


[l7.  Ul] 

EELUTBE.  JORIf,  BtnON  ^BUnvRE  nGl4-1GB9), 

roynllBt;  CTQBlBl  baron.  III4S;   (ouBhl  for  01i«rl«  I  In 

niiinj'  eiutaecmentf ;  ntWr  RwtonlloB.  appoliit*!  lorcl- 

qupnUy  )n>TeBiiraI  Tnugler:  SnC  lopL  (ximiiiliiKianEr  of 
trouurj,  us;.  [li.  Ill] 

BBLUTBK.   THOMAS.  Emi,  PtnrnsBKiiii  (HW- 
1700).  REipfxiFter  of  Drom  well ;  mHrrlKl  Matt,  OrofrivnOrs 
ilaughter,  IMI ;  priij coiinalllorot  Oh»rt« iL  [i7. 1«] 
rARD  (WM-IOTJ).  Bilmlnil  I  en- 

iM-imiTm  flirty  of'  "■<»  of  v'onhcri 
a  Africa.  fr«Utid.  WcBtcm  Aowrloa.  {7h1n«> 
ipplno  I.Iht.iK  ana  Ponooaa,  ISSIMI;  mp- 
I.IMI;  knighted,  IMS:  WRunuidel  EipolT- 

Imiral,  1871 :  pu 


BUI  Wki  ._ _    ___ 

Jama  ol  Piddlsglon,  17gii,  Juk  BHrCfaolaTiuiw.  law. 
Andrew  Ouibte.  18D0.  J»  Bi^K  laol  and  I8ti3.  and 
Jolui  nibj,  IMS :  Inrt  BD  eye .  ISU].aiiilbiiaiiwp[ibUrnD; 

irtth  Tom  Oribb,  19W.  [auppl.  L  IMl 

BELCHES,  TOM  (17M-18M).  patrtllst:  hrotbw  of 
lama  Itelrhfr  [q,  i.] :  dcfaud  DORhCTty  nni  flrbj,  bat 
ivu  Mswa  by  Dulcb  Sitm  (Samuel  Ellai,  177t-18ID), 

r^ppl  L  let] 

BELORUK.  THOMAS  (ItOH-lUT).  Prandscui  friar 
•t  oooienl  of  Oreenurtch ;  fmnrliioiiBl  tor  rotiulog  to  take 
oath  of  niTal  Bupnmacy :  dMia  Kewgate,        [It.  141] 

BXLOHIKR,  DADBRIDOOOPHT  or  DAWBRIDOB- 
OOUBT  (ItBQT-lmx  dnnutin;  B.A.  Obrln  Obarch, 
Oifsrd.1«(»:  <MIM  in  Uw  Lo»  Oountiies:  wrote <tra- 
matle  and  otlKT  Turks.  [It.  141] 

BELDHtEB,  JOHN  (l7Da-ITgt).  aonreon:  slaintal 
'    at  EUjo  ;  mnreon  to  Quj^i.  H«plt«1. 17W ;  F.Hil.,  im : 
wmtiibntn)  to  *  Pbilowpblcal  Tmnuctloiu.'      [Iv.  IM] 

BELER,  ROOBR  DE  (d.  13H).  jodge :  inpportrr  of 
Earl  of  Ijiiioanar  ami  tnclndnl  In  tht  amiwity,  1818; 
baron  Dli'iirbeqder,  mi:  murdered  dmt  RsHb;. 


WoromlEnihini,  11T9-U1   ami' ,  _. 

Warwickshire,  UM-7  ami  Iig9-J0:  hirtlcia  Itinerant  lor 
Warwlctoihi™  and  Lfflcentetahinj.  117>,and  for  Uneoln- 
Alre.  1178.  [It.  1«1 

BEIET,  UIOHAKb  (fl.  liK).  judn :  nn  of  Uiohtet 
Belet  (fi.  1181)  t,j.v.]:  (nciiBibent  of  ffincJejham.  1101, 


[!..  Ill] 


[,  JOHN  (A  1191 
obool  Bl  Piri«.  '  [it.  116] 

BKLFA8T  BiRi,  o»fhTeoDrt«s)(IBlT-18H).    [Bee 


BELFOar,  WILLIAM  (ITM-IIBO),  mmeml:  cnlaml 
ijal  artilliry  on  it*  formation,  17M;  aroHorker.  1119; 
nC  llEUUnant,  17tD;  adjutant  at  Oartbaiieiia.  1741: 
■TTcd    In    Flandm.    1741-6;    lleoteuaatMajloii^  17«; 

Tiheh^^oiaiUn»l,17M:  Baiw.1, 1777.  [If..l«] 
BBLFOUS,    HDOO   JOHN   (1801-1*17),  anliior  of 

rtw^hedied.   '        "  .  ■        .  j,,''j^.^ 

BXLFOnK,  JOHN  <17e8-lMl\  orlenCaliitt  and  mlt- 

cUaneous  wrlt«r ;  memtKr  of  lictyal  Society  of  Literature. 

on,  Dl  the  Pnlmt.  [iv.  H7j 

BELFBAOE,  HENRY  n771-inu).  dliir 
hnrota;    eilnsated   at   lidlnbunrli :  entne 


(I&M-17<K),      [See 
1400  »X    [SmBkai- 


BELKKAP,  Sin  Robert  nE(i. 
BELL,  ALEXANDER  M0^'TGOMBRIE 
r  WrltoT"  lo'  8l4fnct,  IBM  ;  profewm  of  m 


BELL.  ANDREW  (ITSG-IBOg).  engrnTer;  balf-pro- 
privlor,  aTKi  Fnibsequeatiy  boIc  proprietor,  of  Uw  ^  Ency- 
dopiedla  Brltannloi'  (flnt  publiified  In  Ilim  minmea, 
1771).  for  *flileti  he  faraiihed  pint™,  [It.  i4»l 

BELL.    ANDREW   (17U-1831).  foonder  Dt  Uadiu 

^^ylniii,im-»l:  Mailed  lor  Iodia,'~17B7.aDd  In  two  ;«K 
beld  flmiiltaiifloiuiT  eWit  army  ^uplaimhtoa;  lopBrln- 
teodlDt  vt  Madnw  Hal*  Orpban  Aiqiiini,  1%,  wbve  be 
mooBHlDllj  Intndaod  a  ayatam  ot  aataal  iBatriMticn 
bjr  tlia  Klxdan :  ntnmed  to  Engiand,  17M;  reoelTHl  poi- 
— -  ' —  °->l  India  Oompnnr:  pabHUud,  ITW.a  tmrii 


.  IndDdlng  ObrM-i  HomlM;  mlar  of  B 
tfUt ;  oiaitn  of  Bberbara  Hoapllal.  Itmiiam,  IKn 
intendent  o(  Nattooal  SoiHKy  IDr  PranntlBl  Bd 
at  Poor  In  FriDOlpIn  ol  Atataliibed  (AorA,  « 
powen  to  OBiTT  ont  Kadnw  iTitein.  till;  X 
abroid  td  uproid  bl>  Idtai,  hot  with  •null  inirrt 
prebendary  of  WacminatfT,  IE 

and  OH^in  paru  alone,  of  nclioar-work.  {iw.  lU] 

BELL,     AROHTBALD    (17BJ-ltlM), 


;  »herlff.depnti 


SELL,   bkauprS  <noi-na\ 

Trinity  OoU<»(e,  Cninbrldin-  ""    '— 
of  Spalding  Society:  aul 

fVlTeet^on  of  books,  mtidaii,  and  manoacrlpU  to  Trinity 

C!OU((fe.  [It.  IM] 

BELL,  BBNJAUIH{1711-lR0a),<Dr««>D:  apprmCical 


'It  Hwpllnl,  177t 
ihOSARLBS  {17T4-IS41),<ti 


lidlahanfh,  ini. 
[It.  1H] 


Uieory :  lili  diicflnry  (umpMa  In  Ita  madma  turn 
IR.  aiicl  ilia  InTeatigatkiaa  pabUibid  in  Uw'Hvna 
moftbe  Bunuui  Body,'  IMP ;  blighted ;  inrtalUit. 


ate  on  iDrgcr;,  and  (leU)  jolnEd  Bnugbua  la 
ig  P^ey-i  •  Natural  TTKOiosy.'  [It.  IMJ* 


BILL.  r&ANOES  (IMO-lMth 
[■tad  U  tWiil  BOllif  of  Bt  OmB  uu    i  mimmuu  -.  or- 
ddiiad :  fid  eoannC  nl  Dobij  :  nunmiMlj  niDlwm- 
to  Itai  Rmt  OteM.  QnRHBH,  ud  to  irniiiiiiaui  nuni  at 

ODla)  •■  IcHill; 


1  In  Glbniltor,  Son .    

ui.  Tenter,  ud  the  Ortna;   0^,   

4.  Ua :  KjOB,  IMT.  [It.  ItT] 


,  HBNRY  ULABBFORD  (imi-ISTl),  iberilT; 
■Hjoa  i>w  at  Bdlnbar^b  :  atartvl  mjhl  CDudDDted  '  EdLit 
liiT«b  LltBBtT  JoanuU'    in»:    puMULcd   ■  dclemie  of 


»  HKXBT  KBOBKT  (I7M-18MX 

I  at  lanerTonple.  IBIS:  HiaxiwfTiiEj<  auTiKsiai 

Hr.  BrnMBft  to  euUam  o[  HnnUsgdini. 

ItT.  HI] 
ULL,  JACOB  dilo-lMlxrpaDderDfPbaniiuieuClal 


UM:  b 


;    K.P.  lor 

o  nRoUic  qnnlUlciiitloDi  or 
. ,  .-11:  WlowofClieidlMl.Lin- 
MB.  ud  Zmaglis]  woeUOit,  lod  ol  Societ;  of  Art* : 
lnltMiiit  ■Mil  iililliiu  til  iilmiimj  [It.  lel] 


:  fdlDw  at  TrinLtr 
Orif^i  Hal  Intum  in  TiwCoric,  1H« ;  pab[libel  rdigrtnw 
•Kti.  [[t.  IM) 

_  nil.  JA  HBS  (ITn-lSnik  «ic«r^ih<al  Hi^Lho- :  pin 

t:  nanllilwd 


inliiiwd'  BjiRflncif  OeoEniphy,' 
[It.  IMl 


_  _  n  of  BpUtla  Is  TuwBHi 

■ta*  la  TBauHDt  ot   IM* ;    nrlgncd   Ulbnprlr.   IMI 
kHhetsr  of  B^Ilkil  Oolbvc  [It.  lU] 


It  Bain)  iDSnpuT. 
ISir:  Jurt!olt»ly. 


bntgh.  ITM :  bdd  tpriolatDini 
u<iv  rw  eiolDdal  on  llraJUUtw  of 
l«UI :  tranjlad  to  tUly  tor  hli  hMlt 
HIa  worln  Include '  AnaUmy  at  Uat 
dpla  Dl  aurjierj'  (IBUl-B),  '■■'  - 
pcarlnii  poaUiumoiwIjr  In  1H)d.  [it.  iii<j 

BELL,  JOHN  {]Hl-ISSI).[»ih1<>lwr:  lefnml  to  Ha 
the  eomMiulloo  of  pnbllibiiiii  llnds  uhlali  hwosd  '  John- 
nn'iraeu':  brou^hC  aiit 'BoU'i  JlrlUib  Porta.' 10*  toIl, 
1777-83,  azid  Mmilar  oliuoiu  ol  '  SbakoipBars '  and  Clirg 
■Biltjib  Tbealn' ;  flnl  prtntirta  discard  loiii  ((•>. 

[It.  IK] 

BELL.  JOHN  (17M-I8M),  Itttyn :  aA.  Trinily  O* 

m« :  •Eudisl  at  Middle  Temple  and  <)no*'B  luu :  callni  ts 
bai,  irn ;  Uuk'i  cnunHl.  isig.  [ii.  iss] 

BKLL,  Sib  JOHS  (17M-187S),  aeDcrul :  hibIct,  18M ; 
lerred  Id  Penimnlsr  imr ;  D.B_  1811;  rtilri  BeciMarrto 
Capo  of  Oood  Hope  ^veniment,  IK3ft-41 :  Uent^iaat- 


Flacc,  lglB-(M ;  poblliligd  irrlcliiga  on  •nb)B'ta  nnineeto] 
irlUi  hli  art.  [Suppl.  I.  lut] 

BELL,  JOHN  QRAY  (Isn-I8««),  bookadlor :  ani  at 
TlioDju  Bdl  Id.  isau)  [q.  T.]:  bookKller  Id  London, 
1M«.  and  la  MauolieateT,  ISH-W;  IwMd  anUqiuriu 

BELL,  J0B:<  UONTanJIETUE  (1804-1  Ml).  Scottith 
adiocatii :  mdlld  to  Edlnburvh  bar,  IBS):  iMlracuIs- 
depuU.  li^T;  eheritf  of  Rliiir&nline,  1861;  puhlUb^ 
ttwtlac  on  Sdoltntj  law  of  artllratloo.  1881.     [ii.  l/U] 

BKLL.  JONATHAN  ASDEa'SllS  (J.  I8B(),srrliil*ct  i 

eiei-ui«l  drawlnat  (or  uvbll«tuiiJ  pabllcatlons,li<dia|l 
log  U:  Keui'i '  Hemoriak  of  Cuoibriilge.'  [iv.  IIU] 

BELL,  MARIA.  Lamv  {4,  18M),  noMear  paloUt; 
pupil  ol  William  Hamilton.  ILA.  (brr  brothw),  and  Rey- 
uolda :  cxliiliitol  at  KD711I  Acsdnnj,  l&at-Si.    [iv.  ITl  j 

BELL,  PATHICK  tl7Ki-lB8B),  inTTntnr  of  reaping 
^  of  Oaniiyllo,  ArbnHth.  184A ; 


on.  LU>,  Si 
BELL.  Si 


T(,f.   I 


,.    „^ r. -,  — -.  llJS-8;  Wijbtal! 

■erjeoDUat-law ;  chief  baron  of  ej(ubH]Der,  1B77. 

[It.  171] 

BELL,  ROBERT  (18UO-l8B;Xii«niallit;  Htucatfd at 
Trinity C<illqtE,Dablla:  aeUleil  In  London,  IMS:  adiUc 
of  Uio  ■  AUai '  weekly  ionmal ;  indietod  for  llbdUi^ 
Lonl  Lyndhnnt:  foond  fntlltj.  but  eacaped  pnniibBoiti 
mntrlbnud  to  Laidnai'l '  Oablnst  Cyolopiidla.'  1880  laq.: 
began  an  sUliin  ot  EnnIIUi  poet*,  of  whli-h  »  Trta.  ap- 
peared, Iltt4-7.  and  prnlooed  KTi^nil  dnunaCIo  pfqpe^ 
novTis.  and  other  «rlUnK».  [W.  US] 

BEtl.  BrniBUT  CHARLKS  (180e-ie7SK  Itne-m- 
.rn.,-,.,.     nn.,-ii...i  ht   K,Uni,.i™i,-    ™,rmTaJ    'Prciion 


^urs-.z 


L.  JOHK  (IMl-lTM),  Cr 


UL.  JOHK  (1747-I7»e).aitnieHKt:  oeTTid  InirtU- 
lay  la  Gtoialtai  and  Ennlau'l ;  tnrantad  mUltair  and 
— ...       .. .__. it,17»l.     [IT.IBJ] 


Blliibunita:  mlnliilfr  of  RUIrf  i-onirroiriiHon  at  Jalbumh, 
17^7,  awl  at  [lla«ow.  1777 ;  tnndiilal  reUgtone  nAt 
from  Dotch  and  LnOn.  [It.  17*1 

BtXL,  TH0MA!l(t7Be-iaw),BDt!<|DarT:  land  tbIobt 
nndBUrrejor;  promoter  ot  NcwcaslleLlliTary  and  Phllo. 
pophlcal  ancletr,  and  a  foDnder  of  NcwDaxUt  Borletyot 
Antiqoartia.  [i«.  I7#l 


BFJiTi 


86 


BELIiEW 


BELL,  THOMAS  (1792-1880),  dental  sorgeon  :  studied 
at  Gay's  and  St.  Thomases  Hospitals ;  F.R.O.S^  1844 ; 
dental  surgeon  at  Gay's,  1817-61 ;  leotam  on  compara- 
tive  anatomy ;  professor  of  aoology,  King's  OoUege,  Lon- 
don, 1886  ;  F.B.S^  18S8 ;  Tlce-president,  Zoological  So- 
ciety ;  secretary  of  Bpyal  Society,  1848-68 ;  president  of 
Tiinnmn  Society,  1853-61 ;  pabUsbed  soological  works  and 
an  edition  of  White's  *  Sdbome.*  [iv.  176] 

BELL,  WILLIAM  (>f.  1599),  lawyer:  ednoated  at 
Balliol  OoUege,  Oxford ;  studied  at  Clement's  Inn ;  clerk  of 
peace  for  Hampshire.  [ir.  175] 


WILLIAM  (1696-1688),  dirine;  BJl.  St. 
John's  OdUege,  Oxford,  1647 ;  fdlow :  ejected  from  benefice 
in  Norfolk  by  parliamentary  visitors  ;  BJ).,  1661 ;  pre- 
bendary of  St.  Paal's,  1666 ;  chaplain  to  king,  1667. 

[It.  176] 
BILL,  WILLIAM  (17407-1804?),  portrait  painter; 
gained  Boyal  Academy  gold  medal,  1771.  [ir.  176] 

BELL,  WILLIAM  (1781-1816),  divine ;  M JL  Magda- 
lene OoUege,  OambridgiB,  1766 ;  domestic  chaplain  and 
secretary  to  Princess  Amelia,  daagbter  of  George  III ; 
prebendary  of  Westminster,  1766;  D.D.,  1767;  rector  of 
Christ  Charch,  Ixmdon,  1780-99 ;  treasurer  of  St.  Paul's ; 
jmblished  sermons  and  other  rdigioos  works,    [ir.  176] 

BBLLAMOHT,  Earl  of  (1686-1701).    [See  Cootb, 

BiCHARD.] 

BELLAKOHT,  Viscount  (16047-1660).  [See  Bard, 
HsmiT.] 

BELLAXT,  DANIBL,  the  elder  (5.  1687),  misod- 
laneoas  writer :  educated  at  St.  John's  College,  Oxford ; 
poblished  religious,  dramatic,  and  other  works,  [ir.  177] 

BELLAKT,  DANIEL,  the  younger  (<f.  1788X  divine : 
M.A.  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  1759;  vicar  of  St. 
Stephen's,  near  St.  Albans,  1749 ;  published  miscellaneous, 
religioas,  and  dramatic  works.  [iv.  178] 

BELLAMY,  GEORGE  ANNE  (17817-1788X  actress; 
illegitimate  daughter  of  Lord  Tyrawlqr ;  educated  in  a 
convent  at  Boulogne ;  on  returning  to  England  became 
acquainted  with  Garrick  and  went  on  stage;  first  ap- 
peared in  *  Love  for  Love,*  at  Coveot  Garden,  1748 ;  suc- 
cessfully played  Juliet  to  Garrick's  Borneo  in  the  rivalry 
with  Barry  and  Mrs.  Cibber,  1760 ;  died  in  reduced  cir- 
cumstances ;  published  her  *  Apolqgy,'  1786.      [iv.  178] 

BELLAXT,  RICHABD  (17487-1818X  bass  singer; 
Mus.  Bao.:  gentleman  of  Chapel  Boyal,  1771;  vicar 
choral  of  St  Paul's,  1777 ;  almoner  and  master  of  chorlo- 
ters,  1798-1800.  [iv.  179] 

BELLAMY,  THOMAS  (1746-1800X  miscellaneous 
writer :  hooler  and  subsequently  bookseller's  derk ;  started 
*  General  Magazine  and  Impartial  Beview,'  1787,  and  other 
unsuccessful  periodicals;  published  poetical,  dramatic, 
and  other  works.  [iv.  179] 

BELLAMY,  THOMAS  LUDFORD  (1770-1848X 
singer;  son  of  Richard  Bellamy  [q.  v.] ;  sang  at  Handel 
commemoration,  Westminster,  1784 ;  stage-manager, 
Dublin  theatre,  1797 :  embarked  unsuccessfully  in  varfoos 
theatrical  enterprises ;  engaged  at  Oovent  Garden,  and 
Uter  at  Druzy  Lone ;  choirmaster  o<  Spanish  chapel,  1819. 

*.—  ["^- 180] 

BELLABZ8.    [See  Bblastbk.] 

BELLA8IB,  EDWABD  (1800-1878),  lawyer;  edu- 
oated  at  COirist's  Hospital ;  called  to  bar  at  Inner  Temple, 
18S4 ;  practised  in  court  of  chancery  and  in  county  paJa- 
tine  of  Lancaster ;  engaged  as  barrister  in  parliamentary 
bosiness,  1886-66 ;  serjeant-atrlaw,  1844 :  one  of  commis- 
sioners to  examine  working  of  Heralds'  College,  1869 ; 
evinced  great  interest  hi  Tractarian  movcmrat,  1833-46, 
and  took  part  in  discussion  produced  by  Pius  Dl's  bull  in 
1860;  entered  the  Bomon  catholic  communion,  1860: 
magistrate  of  Middlesex  and  Westminster;  published 
religious  writings,  and  left  an  autobiography  and  manu- 
script verses.  [iv.  180] 


1077 ;  pardoned,  but  on  the  death  of  the  Conqueror  again 
joined  Duke  Robert  against  William  Rnf  us ;  took  part  in 
defence  of  Rochester,  and  <m  surrender  was  reconciled  to 
the  king,  1088;  captured  and  imprisoned  by  Duke 
Robert,  but  was  soon  rdeased ;  engaired  in  war  with  his 
neighbours  in  Normandy;  joined  fienry  of  Coutanoea 
(Henry  1)  in  suppressing  revolt  of  dtixens  of  Rouen, 
1090 ;  captain  of  Ung's  forces  in  Rufus's  abortive  inva- 
rion  of  France,  1097 ;  engaged  in  war  with  HcUas  of 
Maine,  1098;  captuivd  Helias  and  ddivered  him  to 
Ruf  us,  who  continued  the  war ;  earl  of  Shrewsboiy,  1088 ; 
did  homage  to  Henry  I,  1100,  but  with  his  brothers  and 
Duke  Robert  conspired  against  him,  1101;  outlawed, 
1108 ;  fortified  himsdf  in  Shrewsbury ;  forced  to  surren- 
der ;  returned  to  Normandy  ;  after  several  attempts  to 
obtain  allies  against  Henry,  mode  peace  with  him,  1106 ; 
soon  afterwards  he  joined  Fiilk  of  Anjou  against  Henry; 
sent,  Ills,  by  Louis  of  France  as  ambasssidor  to  Himrw^ 
who  seised  and  kq>t  him  In  dose  confinement  until  Us 
death.  [iv.  18t] 


r,  ADAM  id.  1689 ?X  bishop;  son  of  Sir 
John  Bellenden  [q.  v.]  ;  M.A.  Edinburgh,  1590 ;  minister 
at  FaUdrk,  1608 ;  *  suspended,*  J614 ;  released,  1616 ;  left 
presbyterian  church,  and  was  made  bishop  of  Dnnbluc^ 
1616,  and  of  Aberdeen,  1685 ;  deprived  erf  see  on  abolitloo 
of  episcopacy  in  Scotland,  1688.  [iv.  186] 

BELLEHBSV,  Sir  JOHN,  of  Anohnoal  or  Aoohl- 
nool  id,   1677);   Scottish   lawyer;  jnstioe-derk,  1647; 

Srivy  councillor  to  Mary  Queen  of  Soots,  1661 ;  implioated 
1  murder  of  Risxio,  but  soon  restored  to  favour  ;  joined 
nobles  against  Blary  at  Bothwdl;  privy  coundUor  to 
Regent  Murray;  employed  in  framing  podficatlon  o( 
Perth,  1678.  [iv.  187] 

BELLEHDEM,  BATJiKWBEII,  or  WALTiEWTYElL 
JOHN  UL  1683-1687X  poet;  educated  at  St.  Andrews 
and  Pans;  D.D.  Sorbonne;  translated,  by  command  of 
James  Y  of  Scotland,  into  Scottish  vemaoolar,  Boeoeffe 
*Historia  Sootorum*  (1686)  and  livy,  first  pabUsbed  in 
18S8 ;  archdeacon  of  Moray  and  canon  of  Boss ;  oppoied 
Reformation  and  withdrew  to  the  continent,    [iv.  186] 

BELLBVDEM,  Sir  LEWIS,  Lord  Auchinol  (1688  f- 
1691),  Scottish  judge ;  eldest  son  of  Sir  John  BeUeaden 
[q.  v.] ;  jusUce-clerl^  1578 ;  privy  councillor,  1679 :  jodgc^ 
1584 ;  instrumental  in  Bail  of  Arran's  downfall,  1686 ;  ao- 
companied  James  VI  in  his  matrimonial  exourslon  to 
Norway  and  Denmark,  1689-90.  [iv.  188] 

BELLEHBEV,  WILLIAM  (d.  1688  ?),  Spotlish  pro- 
fessor ;  employed  in  diplomatic  service  by  James  VI  and 
Mary  Queen  of  Scots ;  professor  at  university  of  Paris ; 
produced  works  illustrating  Bomon  history  by  estnoli 
from  Roman  authors.  [iv.  188] 


WILLIAM,  Baron  BBixsifmEir  (d. 
1671X  created  Lord  Bellendm,  1661,  and  treamrer-depate 
and  privy  councillor  of  Scotland,  1661 ;  sappoited  Lacoflr- 
dale  against  Middleton's  faction.  [iv.  188] 

BELLEB8,  FETTIPLACE  (1687-1760  ?X  draaatiit 
and  phUoiophical  writer;  F.RS.,  1711;  prodooed  a 
trageoy  which  was  acted  at  Drury  Lane,  1738.  and  philo- 
sophical works,  including  *A  Delineation  of  nniveraol 
Uw,'  1760.  [iv.  190] 


or  BELMADT,  JOHN  (/.  1663X  French 
tutor  of  Edward  VI ;  left  manuscript  translation  into 
Fxench  of  Edward  YI's  second  Prayer-book.       [iv.  188] 

BETJifaE,  ROBERT  OF,  Earl  of  Shrewsburt  (JL 
10e8X  a  magnate  of  Normandy ;  knighted,  1078 ;  sup- 
ported Duke  Robert  in  the  revolt  against  William  I, 


BELUOtS,  JOHN  (1664-1786),  phOanthropiBt ; 
ber  of  Society  of  Friends  ;  devised  schemes  for  the  aboli- 
tion of  war,  education  of  poor  children.  Improvement  of 
prisons,  and  establishment  of  hospitals.  He  wrote  maqy 
short  works,  the  most  important  being  'Proposals  for 
Raising  a  Cdlledge  of  Industry  of  all  useful  'mdm  and 
Husbojadry,'  1696.  [It.  180] 

BELLEB8,  WILLIAM  (JL  1761-1774X  landsoapo- 
painter ;  contributed  to  exhibltioas  of  Free  Society  o( 
Artists,  1761-78.  [iv.  Itf  ] 

BELLEW,  HENRY  WALTER  (1884-1891 X  soigeoa- 
general;  studied  at  St.  Gemge's  Hospital,  London; 
M.R.C.P.,  1865  ;  served  in  Crimea,  1864-6 ;  ■"-«fftan1i  lor- 
geon,  Bengal  medical  service,  1866 ;  surgeon,  1867;  depaty 
surgeon-general,  1881 ;  served  with  Major  (Sir)  Hauy 
Lumsden  [q.  v.]  on  Candohar  mission  ;  C.SJ.,  1878 ;  chief 
political  oflBoer  at  Cabul;  retired  as  aurgeon-goneral, 
1886;  published  journals,  works  on  oriental  langoafaib 
and  other  writlDgi.  CSoppL  L  W} 


JDKK  CEHTKSDUJ.  UONTEBQUIBU 


kitd  1  I ■!  Us  BBtbB^  BiBldn  buh.  Bdlcir,  IB 

aAs  boUlB(tm  eonoiH  la  Snglud.  Ik  vm  stianlili 
SL  JoliB'i  CUkadnl,  CalontU,  IB 
ta  at  mBil  Imdan  clunlHB ;  ' 


BUnr.  RIOHAJU)  </.  lUtl,  legsl  Rpona  :  inil> 
il  motU  In  Kormui-Frencli  ol  arm  lo  tiiui'  ol 
udfiT  [Iv.m] 

IIU>,  aAWTBL  (inW-lMSt,  cngniTn':  pnictinl 


8nt  EDWARD  (it.  IMS),  lo 


BZUXXOHAX.  HICHIRU  < 


ilolBmipMU)',  1«(1»-7S;  BBlitaDI 

uJB-gtixna,  KM.  [It.  1«1] 

_  .,  KIOHABDfJ.  HTTX  IrHh  hWori«n 
t  UsooId'i  Inn ;  «inini«d  m  tliCh  book  u 
ftmdfak'  18M :  Irtali  JLP. ;  ■miiirj  toiuprem. 


unymij  Iiidi  iflun  (pivt  printsl  1881).       [W.  IM] 

KKLLOFAGO  or  BELLA? AGO.    [See  Buurau.] 

mlOMOVT.    ^Ba  BeALHOS-T,] 

BSLUUtOHT.    CUAitLES   HENnr,   BisL  .>p  (>f. 
1U3).    (Sec  KisiHOViiN,  OauiUH  Ukmht.] 

nXtOT,  HUSH  (IHS-ltHX  bliLop;  aA.  Chrlu'i 
Od«i.CkiBl)rldg<.  tM4;  HA.  andftdlow  of  Jwie  Ool 
taK  tU7 :  SJ}.,  IMS :  Mibsp  of  BURur.  IMS  ;  mmbei 
<^«imca  ol  Wil»:  bUbop  of  Chota,  IHI:  i 
Wtm  Moiswi  in  tniulatlng  bible  Into  WElab. 


IW:  In  clarg?  of  ia»»l  boipllal  of  Tlierspln  ■ 
VbBroK,  IHM-A:  publlHbed  'SuiKrlt  DerlTHtluim 

[I' 

"Tfi"*  or  B2LESKAIIIB,  JUH.V,  Jdh.v 


HwrniUMtiiooI 
ag  or  In  DIM  n 

lire;*! 

5SS. 


-JBMiCTo(Cli<moi.e.l1M:  niilio 


Bj'uid    Eu-l   Buitb.  b 
unite  olSiibi 


■luiiMtt  nf  Bntit  I 

iinm  RTOBK  of  bl 


_ >  [q.  ».]  :  at  an  CBrly 

(<  St.  Ann  ud   pnbeudury  of  Su 


BENDIQO 


AU  lUUowi.  L( 

U,  Ilrltlib  Uiwum.  igui 

iinipblcal  DictionKT.' s 


ti;irlAD,'C0llfllltlng  of  pmDDKl 


.H  (nso-lgn),  uiilUrUn  < 


■clm^  OoOtgt,  I78a-M ;  mini*. 

[,  WILLIAU  (lTDI-1897),  poUClcBl  wrila- 
il  philoaoptiica]  uid  hlitorlcal  w 


BXLBOS,  THOMAS  (•!.  ItM).  catbotlc 
i.'.^inail  for  MUMmg  mtbnlic  prlnU.  [lo.  tOi] 

BSIT,  THOUAS  (1811-18T8),  geDli«lrt;  unde  («o- 
Di^{<tdlnTfBCIsBtliiDBlnA[]itrikU]insold4igBliigi,leH-6l; 
iiporintcDdait  of  Kora  fioolia  Oold  Company'a  mloH. 
ne? :  conductal  gald-mlnliig  opentloni  of  Ghoatalcs 
\>IU|IWV.  ^'l™n«aa.  lg68-Tt;(dliiH,0<a)ogtailSadct;; 
Jel  ut  DaiTcr.  Colorado :  publlBbcd  worlu  chJi^  idaUng 
o^laOtlVerini.  [It.  «M] 

BILT2,    QBOttOE  FKEDKRICK  (ITTr-lMI),  Lan- 


JVANM     BAPTIHTA     (17T8-18M), 

London,  IBua.  ami  Eiblbilal  fmU  of  atmi^h  at  AstUT^ 
Amjiliitbeatre  :  tonnd  in  Spain  and  PDrtdKal.  and  Intro- 
liuml  ImproTal  b/dniuUc  macbiixH  In  Egypt,  ISIt :  en- 
ttapvil  lu  archseloslcal  Blploratlon  in  B^pt,  and  pab- 
brbol  an  acoount  of  hit  dlnoTFrlw,  laso  ;  died  of  d^- 
t«7  at  Oalo,  Bimln,  wblfc  on  Jonrnry  ol  tiploratton  to 
Tiuilmktu.  (It.  Mi] 

BEH,  BAITB.  BKIFE,  XZinrZT,  or  BIOST.  JAMEB 
<>f.  IKt),  biibop :     arcbdacOD  and,  1318.  blatiap  of  Ht 

liiTiu<lanaedtoBnie»,  wbor  badlst.  '  [It.  KM] 

SKKAZXOH,  0HABLB3  (lfflT?-ir»4),  painter:  wn 

I^rli.  Hla  ben-known  ptcturv  are  of  iDcldenU  Id  Pnncti 
RercAnUon.  [It.  WT] 

BKNAZBOH,    PKTBR    FAOL  (IT44?-17N?).  liu- 
engranr :  pupU  of  Francli  TlTarta.  [It.  11)7] 


JOHN  tlMS-17W), 

KTrrf 

r,  ItTt: 

prohablj  In  mi 

ccMinU  maK 

.lu-kranli,  l«»0-e ;  niaiter  of  Ihe  Us 

Beachy 

llxiO,  1«M,  and  Barflnirand  Lm  Uott^  isa^l ;  cou 

mandad 

ImiiWr^SM 

Millla   at   at,  Mal<^  1 

and  at 

before 

Dunkirk,  and. 

lattr,  that   In  tte  S. 

unding^  I6X 

>f  in  Weit  India.  1S9 

i-171Kl,  and  In 

IJUO-l;  Tl», 

dmiral  of  the  Wna, 

701:  atmtn 

n  Weat 

under  Du  Cawe  o« 

Stoa  Mans, 

KTmldlly^ 

BtnTc 

up  Uwpunult  iHiauK  Wl  csptaioB 
],hii :  died  of  urouiidi  al  Von  Roial 

[iv.  3U7] 

BDBOW 

JOHN  (IMl  f-l70«).tn™ilct,  am 

of  John 

B<^Tii«»  (i«et-iiai)  ii.  T.];  Toiu 

t«r  lu  lUTj 

le«»; 

taerrtoe;  Bwved  In  Es.t  India  ai 

fooftb 

BENDINGH9 


88 


BENNET 


BEVDnrOS,  WILLIAM  (J.  1180X  Judge;  one  of 
Henry  ITa  enT«^  to  Ireland  to  fetch  Reimand  Flts- 
genld,  1176 :  appointed  to  northern  olrcoit,  1179 ;  sheriff 
of  Dorset  and  Somerset,  1184.  [ir.  912] 

BEVDI8H,  BRIDGBT  (1660-17S6X  daughter  of 
General  Henry  Irston,  by  Bridget,  OllTer  Cromwell's  ddest 
daughter ;  married  Thomas  Bendish,  1670 ;  said  to  hare 
oompromised  hersdf  in  Rye  House  plot,  1683.     [iv.  31S] 

BEHDLOWES,  EDWARD  (16037-1676).    [See  Ben- 

LOWES.] 

BENBLOWSS,  WILLIAM  (1516-1584),  lawyer  :  edu- 
cated at  St.  John*s  OoUege,  Oambridge :  called  to  bar 
at  Lincoln's  Inn ;  serjeant-at-law,  1555 :  M.P.  successively 
for  Helston,  P^nrhyn,  and  Dunbeved,  1553-4 ;  a  governor 
of  Lincoln's  Inn,  1676 ;  some  of  Ids  reports  published 
posthumously.  [iv.  218] 

BXNBDKTT  (<f.  1193),  chanceUor  to  archbishop  of 
Oanterbnry,  1174;  prior  of  Christ  Church,  Canterbury, 
1176;  abbot  of  Peterborough,  1177-93;  buUt  a  large 
portion  of  his  church ;  wrote  histories  of  the  pasBion  and 
Thomas  Beclcet's  miracles.         ^  [iv.  213] 

BXNBDICT  Biscop  (6287-690X  founder  of  monas- 
teries ;  thegn  of  Oswiu,  king  of  Northumbria ;  monk  of 
monastery  of  Lerins,  666-7 ;  conducted  Theodore  of  Tarsus 
from  Rome  to  Canterbury,  669;  abbot  of  St.  Peter's, 
Canterbury,  669;  built,  674,  at  month  of  river  Wear, 
monastery  of  St.  Peter,  which  by  papal  letter  was  exempted 
from  external  control,  678 :  established  sister  monastery 
of  St.  Paul  at  Jarrow ;  collected  an  extensive  library. 

[iv.  214] 

BBNKDIOT  CHKLTnoMUH  or  Calkdoxius  (>C.  1519X 
abbot  of  Scottish  monastery  at  Vienna ;  opponent  of 
Luther.  [iv.  216] 

BENEDICIT  OF  Olouckkthk  (/.  1120),  monk  of  St. 
Peter's,  Gloucester ;  compiled  a  life  of  St.  Dubrioius. 

[iv.  216] 

BSKEDICTT  ok  NonwiCH  (/.  1340),  abbot  of  Austin 
friars  at  Norwich ;  suffragan  of  Norwich ;  linguist, 
scientist,  and  theologian.  [iv.  216] 

BEKEDICTT,  Sm  JULIUS  (1804-IH86X  musician: 
born  at  Stuttgart ;  pupil  of  J.  C.  Lk  AbeiUe,  Hummel,  and 
Weber:  conductor  at  K&mthnerthor  Theatre,  Vienna, 
1823-6,  and  at  San  Carlo  and  Foudo  theatres,  Naples, 
1825-36 ;  conducted  series  of  Italian  comic  operas  at 
Lyceum,  1836 :  conductor  of  Bnglisli  opera,  Dmry  Lane; 
accompanied  Jenny  Llnd  on  American  tour,  1850 :  con- 
ductor of  Italian  opera,  1852 ;  for  many  years  conducted 
Norwich  festival ;  knighted,  1871 ;  in  1862  was  performed 
his  weU-known  '  Lily  of  KiUamey.*  [iv.  216] 

BEHEFACTA,  RKJHARD  (</.  1090?).  [See  Clare, 
Richard  dr.] 


BEHFDELD,  PAUL  (d.  1810),  ludUn  trader;  civil 
servant  of  Bast  India  Company,  1764 ;  aoqnhnd  huge  for- 
tune by  trade  contracts,  and  monqrtending :  ordered 
home  and  resigned  the  service,  the  obaraeter  of  a  trans- 
action between  him  and  naw&b  of  the  OamaUc  being 
called  in  question,  1777 ;  M.P.  for  Cricklsde,  1780 ;  sabse- 
qnently  restored  to  his  position ;  finally  returned  to  Eng- 
land, 1798 ;  lost  fortune  In  unfortunate  speculations ;  died 
in  Paris  In  indigent  circumstances.  [iv.  290] 

BENOER,  ELIZABETH  OGILVT  (1778-1827X 
author;  came  to  London,  1800;  made  acquaintance  of 
the  Lambs,  Mrs.  Incbbald,  Campbell,  Smlrke  the  painter, 
and  others;  published  poem  *0n  the  Slave  Trade,'  illus- 
trated with  engravings  after  Smirke,  1809;  wrote  two 
novels,  several  historical  works,  and  translated  one 
volume  of  Klopstock's  letters.  [Iv.  221] 


or   BEKHAX,    HUGC    dr  (d.    IS82X 
bishop  of  Aberdeen,  1272 ;  wrote  theological  works. 

[iv.  222] 
BENI8GGS,  ABRAHAM  (1811-1878),  hebraist;  bora 
of  Jewish  parents  at  Drosau,  Bohemia ;  studied  medidne 
at  Vienna;  settled  in  England.  1841;  edited  'Jewish 
Chronicle,*  1854-69,  and  1875-8 ;  sealoosly  promoted  cause 
of  his  co-rdigionists ;  published  works  on  Hebrew  lite* 
ratore.  [iv.  222] 


BEN     I8EASL, 

Manassrh.] 


,  SEBASTIAN  (1559-1630X divine;  B.A. 

and  M.A.  Corpus  Christ!  College,  Oxford;  DJ).,  1608; 
Margaret  professor  of  divinity,  1618 ;  rector  of  Meysey- 
Hampton,  Gloucestershire;  published  scholarly  rdigioos 
works.  [iv.  217] 


5,  RICHARD  (rf.  1546X  divine ;  B.C.L.  Ox- 
ford, 1619  ;  canon  of  Aiigustluian  priory  of  Mertoo,  which 
he  surrendered  to  Henry  VIII,  1588 ;  published  a  work  on 
land  survejring.  [iv.  218] 

BEKET,  Fathkr  (1563-1611).    [See  Caxfirld,  Brn'r- 

DICT.] 

BENET  or  BENEDI0TTT8,  MAOi8TXR((f.  12261  bishop 
of  Rochester ;  keeper  of  great  seal  on  deposition  of  Long- 
champ,  1191 :  bishop  of  Rochester,  1215.  [iv.  218] 


MANASSEH    (1604-1657).      [See 


r,  JUDAH  PHILIP  (1811-1884Xhiwyer: 
bom  of  Jewish  parents  of  English  nationality  in  St.  Croix, 
West  Indies;  educated  at  Yale;  called  to  the  bar.  New 
Orleans,  1832 ;  counsellor  of  supreme  court,  New  Orleans* 
1848 ;  senator  for  Louisiana,  1852  and  1857 ;  on  secession 
of  South  Carolina  cast  In  his  lot  with  the  Sooth  and  was 
attorney-general,  and,  later,  acting  secretary  of  war,  in 
cabinet  of  Davis's  provisional  government  for  the  Southern 
confederacy,  1861;  secretary  of  state,  1864;  on  foil  of 
oonfederncy  came  to  England;  studied  EngUidi  law  at 
Lincoln's  Inn :  called  to  the  bar,  1866 ;  joined  northern 
chrcuit :  published  a  work  on  contract  of  sale  (1868X 
which  was  Imioediately  successful;  *  Palatine  silk'  for 
county  of  Lancaster ;  obtained  large  practice,  chiefly  in 
ccdonial  appeals  before  the  privy  council ;  retired,  1883 : 
several  of  Ills  speeches  published.  [Iv.  282] 

BSNL0WB8,  EDWARD  (1608  ?-1676X  poet,  educated 
at  St  John's  College,  Cambridge ;  Inherited  estate  of  Brent 
Hall,  but  squandered  his  money  on  friends,  among  whom 
were  many  distinguished  men ;  his  chief  work,*  Theophlla, 
or  Love's  Sacrifice'  (1652X  was  illustrated  by  HoUar  and 
others.  [iy.  926] 

BEHV,  GEORGE  (1801-1882),  historian;  edooatei 
under  Sheridan  Knowles  at  Bdfast :  engaged  In  Htntnung 
near  Downpatrlck ;  subsequently  disooveiid  the  piiusMuee 
of  Iron  ore  In  Glenravel  hills,  which  were  saooessfnUy 
worked ;  published  writings  relating  to  history  of  Bd- 
fast.  [Iv.  227] 

BEVH  or  BSK,  WILLIAM  (1600-1680X divine:  edu- 
cated at  Queen's  College,  Oxfoxd  :  chaplain  to  Marchioness 
of  Northampton;  preacher  at  All  Saints,  Doorcbestcr, 
1629-62 :. ejected  under  Act  of  Uniformity ;  a  volnme  o( 
his  sermons  was  pnbllslied  posthumoudy.  [Iv.  228] 


:,  WILLIAM  id,  1533X  ambassador;  LL.D.; 
canon  of  Leighlin,  1622 :  occasionally  acted  as  Cardinal 
Wolney's  commissary ;  acoompanled  embassy  to  Rome, 
1528,  on  business  connected  with  Henry  VIII*s  divorce ; 
ambassador  at  Rome,  1529-88  ;  died  at  Susa  In  Piedmont. 

[iv.  218] 
BENSZET,  ANTHONY  (1713-1784X  philanthropist: 
born  at  St.  Quentin,  France,  whence  his  family  came  to 
Kn^land  on  account  of  their  protestant  opinions ;  joined 
^HMiety  of  Friends ;  emigratea  to  America,  1731 ;  schopl- 
niuxter  in  Friends*  school,  Philadelphia,  1742;  founded 
fivliool  for  females  1756 :  Interested  himself  In  cause  of 
uefcroeR  and  IndianM :  published  pamphlets  embod3ing  his 
religious  and  social  opinions.  [iv.  219] 


BENJAMIN  (1674-1726),  nonconformist 
divine;  ordained,  1699:  colleague  with  Richard  Gilpin 
[q.  v.]  at  Newoastle-on-Tyne,  1708 :  published  hymns  and 
rdigious  and  historical  works  Including  *  Memorial  of 
Reformation  In  England,'  1717.  [iv.  228] 

BENKBT,   CHRISTOPHER  (1617-1666),  physician: 

M.A.  Lincoln  College,  Oxford,  1639;  incorporated  MJL 

I  Cambridge,  where  he  graduated  MJ).,  1646 ;  F.C.P.,  1649 ; 

I  and  censor,  1654;    published  treatise  on  consumption, 

[  1654.  [iv.  229] 

'  BEHVET,  GEORGE  (1750-I835X  hebraist;  prcsby- 
terian  minister  at  Carlisle,  and  subsequently  of  Steatb- 
mlglo,  Fife;  devoted  much  time  to  study  of  Hebrew: 
one  of  principal  contributors  to  *  British  Critic*;  pub- 
lished *  01am  Hauashamoth,  a  View  of  the  Intermeolate 
State,'  1800.  [iv.  229] 

BENNET.  HENRY  (/.  1661),  of  CaUis;  transUtor; 
published,  1661,  a  vidume  of  translations  from  German 
reformsrs.  £iv.  ISO] 


BXNNET 


89 


BENNETT 


BSnrST,  HSNBT,  first  Karl  or  Anhnxorov  (1618- 
IMftX  member  of  Oatml  minittrv:  gnndBon  of  Sir  John 
BouMt  [q.  T.I,  edacattd  at  We8tmln«ter  and  ChriBt 
GbiirciiL,Ozfotd ;  joiaad  royal  foroesas  volimteer ;  trardled 
Id  Praaee  aad  Italy ;  agent  of  Prince  Charles  at  Madrid, 
IMS ;  taqNr  id  V^T^  porse  after  Restoration :  secretary 
of  sfettfee,  lCti-74 ;  M.P. :  centre  of  opposition  to  Clarendon, 
lies :  cTCBtai  Lord  ArUngton,  1663 :  probably  ultimately 
for  oatbreak  of  first  Dutch  war;  arranged 
of  triple  alliance,  1668 :  member  of  Cabal ; 
eeret  treaty  of  Dover,  1670:  peer  and  K.O., 
ItTt ;  nneiMoessf  oily  impeached  in  Hoose  of  Commons  as 
testraacBi  of  tbe  Ung*8  eril  measures,  1674 :  loid  oham- 
berisia,  1674 :  qient  his  last  years  in  ratirement. 

[It.  280] 
*,  JOHN  Of.  1600%  mosidan ;  composed  and 

15M-1614.   fiT.238] 


BSHNXT  or  BEVVXTT,  WILLIAM  (17677-18U?). 
moslcian :  studied  mnder  J.  C.  Bach  and  Schroeter ;  organist 
of  St  Andrew's,  Plymoath,  1798 ;  published  musical  com- 
positions. [iT.  S40] 


.,  8m  JOHN  (<l.  1627),  eoclesiastio  and 
chrfnan;  edneated  at  Christ  Church,  Oxford:  junior 
proctor,  liSi ;  LUD.,  U89 :  prebendary  of  York,  1591 ; 
viear^gcneral  In  spirituals  to  Archbishop  of  York :  chan- 
odlor  of  the  diocese :  M.P.  for  lUpon,  1597  and  lOOS,  and 
TortE,  1901 :  member  of  coancil  of  the  nortli,  1699 ; 
kirii^ted,  1901 ;  judge  of  prerogatiTe  court  of  Canterbury ; 
efaanoellor  to  Queen  Anne  of  Denmark :  M.P.  for  Oxford 
UidTcrsity,  1614  and  1690 ;  Impeached,  16S1,  for  adminl- 
scoria^  estates  of  intestates  in  consonance  with  wishes  of 
highest  bidder:  trial  disoootinoed  by  the  Loids  owing  to 
Ihb  iUness,  but  resumed  in  Star-cbaxnber,  162S :  Kntenoed 
to  flue,  imprisonment)  and  permanent  disability  from 
baMing  office;  sentence  remitted,  with  exception  of  fine, 
1<S4.  Civ.  233] 


.,  AQNES  MABIA  (d.  1808X  noTclist; 
wrote  seven  novels,  published  between  1783  and  1816, 
several  of  which  were  translated  into  French,     [iv.  240] 

BSBirETT,  CHARLES  HBNRY  (1829-1867X 
draughtsman  on  wood ;  worked  on  staff  of  *i\mch.' 

[lv.241] 

BEHHSTT,  BDWARD  TUBNBR(1797-1836X  zoolo- 
gist ;  surgeon  in  London ;  promoted  establishment  of  ento- 
molofirical  society,  1832,  which  ultimately  developed  into 
London  Zoological  Society ;  published  sodogical  works. 

[iv.  2411 

BEVKXTT,  GEORGE  JOHN  (1800-1879X  actor; 
served  in  navy,  1813-17 ;  appeared  at  Covent  Garden  as 
Richard  III  and  Hotspur,  1823 ;  In  Covent  Gaiden  company 
1880-41 ;  with  Macready  at  Drury  Lane,  1841-3,  and  wi^ 
Phelps  at  Sadler's  Wells,  1844-62.  [iv.  241] 

BJUJUriT,  JAMES  (1786-1866X  printer  and  book- 
seUer  at  Tewkesbury,  1810-32;  pubUsbed  *  History  of 
OVwkesbury,*  18Sa  [It.  242] 


.,  JOHN  id.  1686X  controversial  writer: 
MJL  Christ  Church,  Oxfoid,  1683;  published  (1683)  a 
pampUet  in   reply   to  Samud  Johnson's   *  Julian   the 

[iv.  236] 


%  JOSEPH  (1629-17U7 J,  nonconformirt divine; 
^  John's  CoUflge,  Cambridge,  1630;  obtained  Uving 
of  Brightfii^,  1638;  ejected  nwier  Act  of  Uniformity, 
16C2 ;  solMeqoently  took  charge  of  nonconformist  coiifrre- 
at  HcOingly  and  Hastings.  [iv.  235] 


JAMES  (1774-1862X  oongngattonal 
minister ;  minister  at  Romsey,  1797-1813  ;  tutor  and 
pastor  at  Rotherbam,  1813 ;  transferred  to  London,  1828; 
secretary  to  London  Missionary  Society ;  published  works, 
chiefly  theological.  [iv.  242] 

BEKVSTT.  JAMES  GORDON  (1800-1872).  jour, 
nalist ;  vreut  to  America,  1819  ;  obtained  employment  in 
printing  and  put)Ii8hing  oflSces  at  Boston  ;  sucoesrively  on 
staff  of  *  Charleston  Courier,'  *Nat{onal  Advocate,'  and 
>  *  Enquirer';  started  the  short-lived  'New  York  Globe'; 
contributed  to  'New  York  Mirror  ';  founded  'New  York 
Herald,'  of  which  for  some  time  he  prepared  the  entire 
contents,  1836 :  subsidised  Stanley's  expedition  to  find 
Livingstone,  187 1-2.  He  made  great  Improvementa  in 
the  system  of  obtaining  news,  and  regularly  employed 
men  of  literary  attainments.  [iv.  243] 


.,  ROBERT  id.  1617),  bishop:  B.A.  Trinity 
UoDerc,  OsmbrUge,  1369 ;  inoorporated  at  Oxford,  1372 ; 
naatcr  of  hospital  of  St.  ChXMS,  Winchester,  1383 ;  dean 
of  Windsor,  lS9i;  registrar  of  onler  of  Garter,  1396; 
Udiop  of  Hereford,  1603.  [iv.  236] 


.,  ROBERT  (1603-1683),  parliamentary 
daring  dvH  war;  member  of  council  of  state, 
Mn ;  M.P.  for  Cornwall,  1633,  for  Launoeston  and  Looe, 
1634,  and  Launoeston,  1659.  [iv.  236] 


-».«-«  or  BEinnETT.  ROBERT  (d.  1687),  author ; 
BJX  Oxionl ;  rector  of  Waddesden,  1648 :  ejected,  1662 : 
iribseqoent^  preached  to  small  congregation  at  Aylt9»- 
bory ;  pablbfaed  '  Theological  Concordance  of  Synon>iiious 
hi  Hdy  Scriptures,'  1637.  [Iv.  237] 


BOnr,  Sir  THOMAS  (1592-1670X  judge;  LL.D. 
An  Souls'  College.  Oxford,  1624 ;  member  of  Gray's  Inn ; 
■daitted  to  CoUiqge  of  Advocates,  1626 ;  master  in  clian- 
eenr,  1633-70  ;  kniffhted,  1661.  [iv.  237] 


THOMAS  (16437-1681X  grammarian; 
MA.  Christ  Church,  Oxford,  1669 ;  corrector  of  University 
Ptvi:  obtained  livings  of  Steventon  by  Abingdon  and 
Hnagerford :  poMisbed  work  known  ns  '  Oxford  [Latin] 
QiBBBttr,'  1673.  [iv.  237] 


THOMAS  (1673-1728X  divine;  MA. 
6L  John's  College,  Cambridge,  1694 ;  fellow ;  lecturer  at 
fit  OisT^s.  Soathwark,  deputy  chaplain  to  Chelsea  Hos- 
pttsl,  and  morning  preacher  st  St.  Lawrence  Jewry,  e. 
1711;  pnsented  to  St.  Giles,  Cripplegate;  D.D.,  1711; 
psblkbed  works,  inclading  controversial  treatises  directed 
ifyut  dlsKiiUit  and  quakers,  a  paraplirase  of  the  '  Book 
cf  Qononoo  Prsyer,  wiUi  Annotations '  (1708X  and  a 
Hcfamr  gramn»r  (1726).  [iv.  238] 


WILLIAM  (1746-1820X  bishop  of  Cloyue ; 
at  Harrow  and  Emmanuel  College,  Cambridge ; 
XA.,  1770;  fdlow,  1778  ;  D.D.,  1790  ;  bishop  of  Cork  and 
tei,  1790-4,  and  of  Ck^yne,  1794-1820;  F£JL,1790;  pub- 
Mti  srchMrifigical  writings.  [iv.  239] 


ETT.  8m  JAMES  RISDON  (1809-1891Xj)hy- 
sician  ;  son  of  Rev.  James  Bennett  [q.  v.]  ;  M.D.  Edin- 
burgh, 1833 ;  ph3r8ician  to  Aldersgate  Street  dispensary, 
1887 :  assistant  physician  to  St.  Thomas's  Hospital,  1843, 
and  physician,  1849 ;  pbjrsician  to  City  of  London  Hos- 
pital for  Diseases  of  Chest,  1848 ;  F.RS.,  1875 ;  knighted 
and  nuule  president  Royal  College  Physicians,  1876  ;  pub- 
lished medical  treatises.  CSappL  i.  168] 

BENinSTT,  Sir  JOHN(l814-I897Xsheriff  of  London 
and  Middlesex ;  brother  of  William  Cox  Beimett  [q.  v.] ; 
watchmaker  in  Cheapside,  1846-89 ;  sheriff  of  London  and 
Middlesex,  1872 ;  knighted ;  common  councillor  for  \»-ard 
of  Cheap,  1862-89;  thrice  elected  alderman,  but  each 
election  annulled.  [Suppl.  L  169] 

BZmrETT,  JOHN  HUGHES  (1812-1875X  physician 
and  physiologist;  apprenticeii  as  surgeon  at  Maidstone, 
1829 ;  one  of  presidento  of  Koyal  Medical  Society :  M.D. 
Edhiburgh,  1837 ;  proceeded  to  I'aris ;  founded,  and  was 
first  president  of,  Parisian  Medical  Society;  studied  is 
Germany;  lectured  on  histology  at  Edinburgh,  1841; 
F.RS.  and  F.C.P.  Edinburgh ;  physidan  to  Boyal  Dis- 
pensary, and  pathologist  to  Royal  Infirmary;  editor  of 
*  London  ami  Edinburgh  Monthly  Journal  of  Medical 
Science,'  1846  :  professor  of  Institutes  of  Medicine,  Edin- 
burgh, 1848-74 :  LL.D.  Edinburgh,  1876.  His  works  in- 
clude important  treatises  on  cllnioal*mediclne,  physiology, 
pathology,  pneumonia,  cancerous  and  cancroid  grou'ths, 
and  leucocytluemia.  [iv.  244] 

BENHETT,  JOHN  JOSEPH  (1801-1876),  botanist ; 
studiel  at  Miildlesex  Hospital :  was,  till  1870,  keeper  of 
Banksian  herbarium  and  library  on  it*  transfer  to  British 
Museum  in  1827 ;  F.R.S..  1841 ;  F.L.S.,  1828,  and  ieoro- 
tary,  1840-60 ;  published  botanical  papers.         [iv.  246] 

BZNKETT,  WILLIAM  COX  (1820-1895X  miscel- 
laneous writer :  watchmaker  at  Greenwich ;  on  staff  of 
'  Weekly  Dispatch,'  1869-70 ;  member  of  Loudon  council 
of  the  Education  League;  published  songs  and  other 
K^Tltings.  [Suppl.  L  168] 

BENNETT.  WILLIAM  JAMES  EARLY  (1804-1886X 
ritualist  divine ;  bom  at  Halifax,  Nova  Sootia ;  educated 
at  Westminster  and  Christ  Church,  Oxfoxd  ;  M  JL.,  1829 ; 


BENNETT 


90 


BENT 


oaher  at  Westminster  School,  18S6-8 ;  minister  of  Fkntman 
Ohapel,  1836-43,  and  of  St.  Faal%  Knightsbridge,  1840 ; 
attracted  boetile  notice  owing  to  his  ritoalistic  Innova- 
tiona  and,  in  ooneeqnenoe,  resigned  incumbency,  1860: 
vicar  of  Frome  Sdwood,  Somcnet,  1862-86;  pablished 
sermons  and  oontroTendal  and  other  reUgions  writings. 

[Suppl.  i.  169] 
BSNHETT,     WILLIAM     MINEARD    (1778-1868X 
miniatarist;  pupil  of  Sir  Thomas  Lawrence:  exhibited 
at  Royal  Academy,  1818-16  and  1834-4.  [iv.  947] 

BSNUETT,  Sir  WILLIAM  STBRNDALB  (I816-1876X 
musical  composer :  in  choir  of  King's  Ck>llege,  Cambridge, 
1834-6 :  studied  violin  under  Oary  and  Spagnolettl,  and 
piano  under  Cipriani  Potto',  and  Crotch  at  Boyal  Aca- 
demy of  Music,  18S6-86:  attracted  Menddssohn's  atten- 
tion by  his  first  concerto  (1832^  which  was  the  occasion 
of  a  long  intimacy:  organist  at  Wandsworth  church, 
1834 :  attended  the  Lower  Rhine  Festival  conducted  by 
MenddsBohn,  1836,  and  visited  the  Rhine,  where  he  oon- 
odved  the  idea  of  the  *  Naiads,'  which  was  produced  at  the 
Society  of  Musicians,  1837 ;  conducted  perfbrmanoe  of  the 

*  Naiads'  at  the  Qewandhaus,  Leipzig,  1887;  took  pro- 
minent part  in  forming  Bach  Society,  1849;  appointed 
permanent  conductor  at  Philliarmonio  Society's  concerts, 
1866,  and  professor  of  music  at  Cambridge,  1866 ;  Mus. 
Doo.,  1866 :  composed  the  *  May  Queen,*  1868 ;  principal 
of  Acadrany  of  Music,  1866;  received  Beethoven  gold 
medal  from  Philharmonic  Society,  1867 ;  hon.  M.A.  Cam- 
bridge, 1867  :  D.C.L.  Oxford,  1870 ;  knighted,  1871.  His 
works   include  overtures  to  the  'Tempest*  (1832)  and 

*  Merry  Wives  of  Whidsor*  (1833);  'Paradise  and  the 
Pferi '  (1862X  symphony  in  O  minor  (1864X  *  Woman  of 
Samaria '(1867X  and 'Ajax' (1872).  [iv.247] 

BENHIS,  GBORGB  GEARY  (1790-1866),  author ;  for 
some  3rears  grocer  in  Limerick ;  director  of  a  librairie  d^s 
4tranger$^  Paris,  1830-6 ;  librarian  to  British  embaniy ; 
editor  of  *  Qalignani's  Messenger  * ;  published  miscellanoous 
works.  [iv.  261] 

BEK0I8T,  ANTOINE  (1721-1770),  draughtsman  and 
engraver ;  bom  at  Soissons ;  teacher  of  drawing  in  Eng- 
land, [iv.  262] 

BZNOLT,  THOMAS  (d,  1684),  herald ;  Berwick  pur- 
suivant in  Edward  IV's  reign ;  Rougeoroix  pursuivant  in 
Richard  Ill's  reign ;  Windsor  herald  under  Henry  VII ; 
Norrpy  king-at-arms,  1610;  Clarencienx  king-at-arms, 
1611 ;  issued  the  challenges  for  tournaments  at  Field  of 
Cloth  of  Gold,  1620.  [iv.  262] 

BZN8LET,  ROBERT  (1738  7-1817  ?X  actor ;  appeared 
at  Drury  Lane  as  Pierre  ('Venice  Preserved  *),  1766,  sub- 
sequently playing  Edmund  ('King  Lear*X  Buckingham 
CRiobani  in 'X  and  Merlin  ('Cymon');  at  0>vent 
Garden,  1767-76;  alternated  between  Drury  Lane  and 
Haymarket,  1776  to  1796,  when  he  retired  from  stage  with 
»  benefit  performance  of  the  'Grecian  Daughter,*  In 
which  he  took  Evander  to  Mrs.  Siddons's  Euphrasia. 

[iv.  263] 

BEN8LST,  THOMAS  (tf.  1833).  printer;  produced 
Maoklin's  foUo  bible  (1800),  Hume's  'History of  England,' 
and  an  octavo  Shakespeare ;  originated  some  meohanicid 
adjustments  adopted  by  the  'Times,'  1814.         [iv.  264] 

BEK8LT,  ROBERT  LUBBOCK  (1831-1893X  orien- 
tallst;  educated  at  King's  College,  London,  and  Qonville 
uid  Caius  College,  Cambridge :  BJL,  1866 ;  lecturer  in 
Hebrew,  1861-89 :  fellow,  1876-93 ;  under-librarian  of  the 
university,  1864-76 ;  Lord  Almoner's  professor  of  Arabic, 
1887-93;  member  of  Old  Testament  revision  committee, 
1870;  published  translations  and  works  connected  with 
orieutal  research.  [Suppl.  L  171] 

BENSOV,  CHRISTOPHER  (1789-1868X divine;  M.A. 
Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  1816 ;  first  Hulsean  lecturer, 
Cambridge,  1820 ;  canon  of  Woropster,  1826 ;  for  several 
rauv  master  of  the  Temple;  published  rdigious  vrorks. 
Including' '  Chrom^ogy  of  oar  Saviour's  Life '  (1819X 

[iv.  266] 

BEVBOir,  EDWARD  WHITE  (1829-1896X  archbishop 
of  Canterbury ;  educated  at  King  Edward's  School,  Bir- 
mingham, and  Irinity  College,  Cambridge;  B.A.,  1862; 
senior  chancellor's  medallist;  master  at  Rugby,  1862; 
fellow  of  Trinity,  1863 ;  ordained  deacon,  1863 ;  first  mas- 
ter of  Wellington  College,  1869-72 ;  examining  chaplain 
of  Wordsworth,  bishop  of  Lincoln,  1868 ;  prebendary  of 
Lincoln,  1869 ;  ohanoellor  of  Lincoln  Minster,  1872 ;  first 


bishop  of  Truro,  1877 ;  formed  divinity  school  at  Tmro : 
served  on  rojral  commission  upon  ecclesiastical  courts, 
1881 ;  archbishop  of  Canterbury,  1882 ;  advocated  Parish 
(Councils  Bill  in  House  of  Lords,  1893 ;  member  of  'sweat- 
ing* committee  of  House  of  Lords;  Introduced  Clergy 
DlBolpline  BUI,  passed,  1892 ;  obtained  appointment  of 
rojral  commission  to  inquire  into  working  of  Educatioo 
Acts,  1886 ;  created  house  of  laymen  to  sit  in  conneetioo 
with  convocaUon  of  his  province,  1886 ;  vlgorondy  qp- 
poeed  disestablishment  of  Welsh  church,  and  organised 
Central  Church  Committee  for  Church  Defence  and  In- 
struction, 1893 ;  presided  and  ddivered  judgment  at  trial  of 
Dr.  Edward  King,  bishop  of  Lincoln,  for  alleged  ritual 
offenoes,  1889-90 ;  made  preaching  tour  in  Ireland,  1896 ; 
published  sermons  and  other  works,  indoding  '  Cyprian : 
his  Life,  his  Times,  his  Work'  (posthumously,  1897X  and 
'The  Apocalypse*  (posthumously,  1900).   [Suppl.  L  171] 

BEN80V,  GEORGE  (1699-1762),  divine;  educated  at 
Glasgow;  paistor  of  congregation  of  protestant  dlsaenton 
at  Abingdon,  1723 ;  embraced  Armlman  doctrines:  jobit 
pastor  of  presbyterlan  congregation  at  Birmingham,  c 
1742;  DJ).  Abodeen,  1744;   pastor  of  congregatioa  o( 

Jrotestant  dissenters  In  Poor  Jewry  Lane,  Crutohedfrlan, 
749-62;  published  theological  worka,  Including  para- 
phrases of  St.  Paul's  Epistles  and  the  Seven  OattMlio 
Bplsties,  and.  In  1738,  a  'History  of  the  First  Planting  o< 
the  Christian  Religion.*  [Iv.  266] 

BEN80V,  Sir  JOHN  (1812-1874),  architect  and  en- 
gineer; county  surveyor  to  East  Riding  of  Cork,  1849; 
engineer  to  Cork  harbour  commissioners,  1860 ;  arohlted 
of  Great  Industrial  Exhibition,  Dublin,  1863 ;  knighted, 
1863.  [Iv.  267] 

BENBOK,  JOSEPH  (1749-1821X  Scottish  divine:  edu- 
cated under  presbyterlan  minister,  but  subsequently 
joined  methodists ;  opened  schocd  in  Cumberland,  c  1766; 
went  to  London,  1766;  appointed  by  Wesley  claaskad 
master  of  Kingswood  school ;  entered  St.  Edmnnd  Hall, 
Oxford,  1769 ;  presented  to  parish  of  Rowley,  near  West 
Bromwich;  became  bunous  as  a  preacher;  publisbed 
controversial  and  other  religious  works.  [Iv.  267] 

BENBOK,  MARTIN  (1689-1762X  bishop;  educated  at 
Charterhouse  and  Christ  Church,  Oxford ;  prebendary  of 
Durham,  1724 ;  chaplain  to  Prince  of  Wales,  1726 ;  rector 
of  Bletohley,  1727;  D.D.  Cambridge,  1728;  bishop  of 
Gloucester,  1736.  [Iv.  268] 

BENSOK,  ROBERf,  Barox  Binglkt  (1676-1731X 
politician  :  MJ>.  for  Thetford.  1702-6,  and  York,  1706-18; 
treasury  lord,  1710;  chancellor,  under-treaaorer  of  ex- 
chequer, and  privy  councillor,  1711 ;  raised  to  peerage^ 
1713  ;  ambasMdor-extraordinary  to  Spain,  1713 ;  trci^ 
surer  of  household,  1730.  [Iv.  269] 

BEVSOK,  ROBERT  (1797-1844X  lawyer ;  MJL  Trinity 
0>llege,  Cambridge,  1821 ;  called  to  bar  at  Middle  Temple, 
1821 ;  practised  in  equity  courts ;  recorder  of  SalirtKury, 
1836.  His  works  Include,  'Memoirs  of  Rev.  Arthur 
Collier*  (1837).  •  [Iv.  269] 

BENSOV  or  BOSTON,  WILLIAM  {d.  1648),  divine; 
member  of  Benedictine  house  at  Boston,  Lincolnshire; 
B.D.  Cambridge,  1621 ;  D.D.,  1628 ;  abbot  of  Benedictine 
monastery  of  St.  Mary  and  St.  Modwen,  Burton-on-Trent, 
1631 ;  abbot  of  monastery  of  Westminster,  1633 ;  surren- 
dered monastery  to  the  king,  and  was  dean  of  Westminster, 
1640.  [Iv.  269] 

BEKSOV,  WILLIAM  (1682-1764%  critic  and  poli- 
tician ;  sheriff  of  Wiltshire,  1710 ;  published  *  Lettor  to 
Sir  Jacob  Bankes  .  .  .  concerning  the  late  Minebead 
Doctrine,'  1711 ;  M.P.  for  Shaftesbury,  1716 ;  surveyor- 
general  of  works  In  place  of  Sir  Christopher  Wren  ;  auditor 
of  the  imprest ;  a  generous  patron  of  literature;  erected 
monument  to  Milton  in  Westminster  Abbey.     [Iv.  261] 

BEHSTEDE,  Sib  JOHN  dk  (d.  1323  ?X  judge ;  keeper 
of  great  seal,  1297,  1298,  and  1304-6 ;  chancellcnr  of  ex- 
chequer, 1306-7 ;  keeper  of  wardrobe,  1308 ;  one  of  com- 
mission of  trallbaston  on  northern  circuit,  1806 ;  justice 
of  common  bench,  1307,  and  of  common  pleas,  1300. 

[It.  261] 

BENT,  JAMES  THEODORE  (1862-1897X  explorer 
and  arohffiologlst  ;eduoated  at  Repton  school  and  Wadham 
College,  Oxford ;  B.A.,  1876 ;  entered  Lincoln's  Inn,  1874 ; 
traveUed  abroad ;  studied  local  traditions  and  customs  la 
Karpatbos,  Samos,  and  Thaaos,  1886>7,  and  engaged  in 


PHIWI'H*M 


,  KDWiBD  (1707-177*),  dlTlM :  mt*™ 
uarpn  uawl  (Mltxc  Oitord.  I7M:  Tiot-prlpclinl 
M^dakB  HiU  1711)1  tcUow  <)(  Ortd,  1711 :  M^.,  1711 
wftavlvjaC  Hs^did,  174S:  DJ>.,  1748:  caaoDOf  Chru'i 
0teRta,0iJanl,17U:  pe^Dt  pivfwor  of  diTluitj-,  ]7al 
l»i.ia.^.*  pUloHpUeat.  nUgioufl,  Had  oUicr  worlu. 


fe  at  Brtlteh  Tkifm'  UM;  m 
BitpllTC  botaDj  It  Krw  liter  IMl,  ind  proliHBl  worki 

(7nili.l«a-n|.uid'0DllliiaDf  Botwij':  rlae-pmldetit, 
'*inr"if  fiorlrtf^  1AM:  pnsfdtfit^  1M1-74;  owmbBr  of 
Wl  '•  ■  rem,       ^^,^^  ^.^  , 

IZHTHAK,  JAUEB  (17M-17Mk  divine:  U.A. 
TrIidtT  Odlen,  Cunbrldgc  ITH:  Ttour  of  SCuplFfopi. 
(kMiMciatatre.  17U-7 ;  minor  oasoa  of  El;,  17S7 :  rvUr 
•(FlU«*UBLNicbolu.Norfollc  t7««-74.  Uld  of  North- 
hU.  I774->  :  pnbsidvT  oC  EI7.  177s ;  pablisbol '  Hla- 
lirftl  Elj  Otbidnl.'  1771.  uxl  tito  workt  embodjlne 
^""''^"        *°"''™™'*  °  "  ™"%T.  JBJ] 

■EVTKAX,  JKKEMT  (I7u-inn  ^rriUr  on  {uria- 
pndrBCa ;  tdoatol  »  WcBUDinstcr  uid  Qunu'g  Oollcse, 
bibrt;  >LX,  iru  :  callal  to  bu  ■) ' 


BftriHi.  ta  wbiDi , 

pHfon  dlKdpllDe^  tbv  scbnnc 
-  ftTonr,  UMogb   t  pirtui 


' ;  MoUicr  of  iatay  B«atbuii  {q.  t.]  ; 


BKimKOK 


g  metiUi,  17M-1;   nm^frd 
f    hlB    iblpbitlldlDg  jmrd   ■ 


Gf-DTB^  rank  or  brigadiflT' 
ir:    rucaniHj   M   uI^kIuxI, 
ly  UcmthKiD  ■□  ntUoff  up  faia  Puwp' 


jududbiiUaa[iiapi:oaiDmtolDD«'aftbeiwTy.ii*a7-1): 
puUUiBd  papn  on  profEHlonA]  ■ublnrtii.         [It.  Kl] 

TH01U9    (111(-1I7SX    Mlhon;     ht- 
— -'—   "-"—    "iliml.   IMt;    >j.A, 
blibfip  of  LU^liflekl 
wtl  Oonmli'/,  IBM  ;  DJ1_  ItU :  tnuulntad  Birtlel  knd 
Siillil  (liU)  In  the  Sltbopi'  Bible.  [I1.  IH] 

Ix>nTi  (lEOHOE,  whcH  full  rliTtstlui 


KT. 


teaow,  Ibvdnlai 


(lIHn-lMN).  Ill 


I  torviring 


.,...  j(  (oorUi  Duke  ol  PorU»»i;  [ 

IHIB :  prinle  HTeMrj  la  Dumlna  (vbo  muTied  I 
tlucli'i  motber'i  riRiir)  what  '^-"'-ir  ■■*  (onlin  we 

lATT  and  Eeada  of  Hooie  oi  Comniou ;  malar,  titd 

KDUila,  int^M.P^  for  K^r^  Itfnn.  lUft^^  ^f?*^ 
OoDlwood,   1 


naglj  opHM  Hr  Bobst 
of  nitruun  on  InportBA 
'   '   iluid&uBn- 


iD,  I7U;  nnplajed  la 
imandt  at  rortunoath, 

..ao-.i.  ™m.n,.  ..ifcuiuut.  [iT.tSKl 

XEKTnrOK,  WILLIAM,  Bnt  Bini.  or  Fdrti.uid 
(lM9-]709>.  gsn  or  HeniT  BeaHnok  nl  IHepmlielm ;  p*«< 

of  prlncc'e  brdcbainber :  oecampuled  WUUun  to  Bnc 
Unri.  ie7D:  D.O.L.  O^tmi,  illO:  nt  bj  WlUiom  cm 
mlHlon  to  Cbulea  II  to  nqfotlite  the  muTtace  wltb 
Ptinom  Hut.  wtalcb  took  plu  tn  1(77 1  look  lun  atauo 
In  prepantlDBi  tsr  WUIIainV  IdthIdd  oI  Engluil,  1(88: 
CTKted  Bwon  Olnnoidcr.  Tloooont  Vooditook.  and  Bui 
at  PorUuid,uidKppcilnlgdgnnnDf  tti(itDle,llntBBirtla- 
miui  ol  tbe  bedobuiber  ud  prirj  aoomillJBr,  ea  aoron*- 
tloB  dT  WDUimi  Mid  MuT :  oWidned  cammud  at  ngi- 
mmt  of  Dulcb  rurdi,  iu)d  labMqocntlj  IkU  ruk  vt 
UcatemDt'^ntDra]  Id  Bngiiiib  urn; ;  bocrune  the  indet 
tmited  uent  at  WlUlani^  forElgn  policy :  it«oiiipiuiied 
Udf  on  bl>  Irlrii  oumpal^n,  isau.  nt  Lao<len.  ISM,  lod 
lnDatalicuiipBlaa,IBH:K.0nla>7:  i 
leofSjii    -    "     " 


bOEuebold  (nun 


parUtkn  tmtjp,  IS>8:  radgned  plaeain  roni 
' '-' "  Itm-.tooktcin 


■no  ct  Darten  nl 

tloD  treaty,  1700:  bli  Impeujlime...  .^  ^^—. 

after  dcbata  on  partitloii  umtlq  dinnJsKd,  17 

BXNTntOK,  LORn  WILLIAM  0AVESDTSH(]7Jl- 
IBtVX  goTcniDr-iiaiml  at  India  :  •Kniid  ton  ol  Wlllliia 
Henrjr,  tblrd  dake  of  Fortlnnd  [q.T.]:  nptain.  ITBl; 
Ueateunt-roloncl.  Jttb  Il|(ht  dmnuD>,l7M:  DnI1akeD< 
York-8  >taR  In  NrtbtrliDdj,  17M:   ittached  to  hwd- 

KTTsi  lu  oiBipai^i!  ot  17» ;  with  AuUlui  focMt,  18Q1  j 


BENTINOK 


n 


BBORHTMO 


governor  of  Madras,  180S :  major^neFal ;  recalled  after 
mutiny  at  Velore,  for  which  he  was  heid  mainly  respon- 
sible, 1807 ;  commanded  brigade  at  Oorofia ;  lieatenantr 
general ;  oommander-iu-chid  of  British  forces  in  Sicily, 
1811 ;  served  in  Spain,  1813  ;  commanded  successful  ex- 
pedition against  Genoa,  1814 ;  governor-general  of  Bengal, 
1827:  elfeoted  important  financial  reforms,  and  greatly 
improved  condition  of  revenue,  reorganised  judicial  de> 
partment,  and  extended  system  of  employment  of  natives 
in  official  positions ;  first  governor-general  of  India,  1838 ; 
met  Blacaulay,  with  whom  he  contracted  a  warm  friend- 
ship :  returned  to  England,  1885 ;  liberal  MJP.  for  Glasgow, 
1887.  [iv.  292] 

BSNTnrOK,  WILLIAM  HBNBY  0AVBNDI8H, 
third  DuKR  of  Portland  (1788-1809),  statesman:  edu- 
cated at  Bton  and  Ohrist  Ohurch,  Oxford;  M.P.  for 
Weobly,  Herefordshire,  1760;  succeeded  to  dukedom, 
1762 ;  lord  chamberlain  of  household  and  privy  councillor, 
1765 ;  married  Lady  Dorothy  Oavendish,  daughter  of 
William,  fourth  duke  of  Devonshire,  1766 ;  lord  lieutenant 
of  Ireland,  1782;  prime  minister,  1783:  chancellor  of 
Oxford  University,  1792;  allied  with  Pitt  at  time  of 
French  revolution ;  home  secretary,  1794-1801 ;  K.G.  and 
lord  lieutenant  of  Nottinghamshire,  1794;  greatiy  as- 
sisted passing  of  Act  of  Union  with  Ireland,  1798 ;  lord 
president  of  the  council  in  Addington's  and  Pitt's  cabi- 
nets :  retired  on  death  of  Pitt,  but  returned  to  public  life 
when  Pitt's  friends  came  again  into  power,  1807 ;  prime 
minister,  1807 ;  resigned,  1809.  [Iv.  ^2] 

BEKTOrOK-SOOTT,  WILLIAM  JOHN  OAVEN- 
DISH, fifth  DUKK  OF  PouTiAXD  (1800-1879%  Succeeded  to 
his  brother's  tiUe  of  Marquis  of  Titchfleld,  1824 ;  M.P.  for 
King*s  Lynn,  1824-6 ;  succeeded  to  dukedom,  1854 ;  de- 
puty lieutenant  of  Nottinghamshire,  1859-79;  lived  life 
of  a  recluse.  [iv.  804] 

BENTLET,  OHARLBS (1806-1854), painter;  member 
of  old  Water-Odour  Society,  1844 ;  painted  chiefly  coast 
and  river  scenes.  [iv.  805] 


of  Pbahiris,*  dec,  1698;  retaliated  in  1699,  with  his 
*  Dissertation  on  the  Letters  of  Phalaris,'  which  effect- 
ually crushed  his  aggressors  and  takes  rank  as  a  perma- 
nent masteipiece  of  literature  ;  master  of  Trinity  GoUege, 
Oambridge,  1700-42 ;  having  conmiitted  a  number  of  petty 
encroachments  on  the  privileges  of  the  fdloMrs,  he  was, 
1714,  brought  to  trial  before  the  bishop  of  Bly  (MooreX 
who  died  before  delivering  sentence,  leaving  jodgment 
against  Bentl^  among  his  papers  ;  ruled  with  practically 
despoticpower, and  in  17S8was  again  brought  baore bishop 
of  Ely  (Dr.  Greene)  and  deprived  of  his  mastership,  bat 
retained  it  because  the  successive  vice-masters,  who  alone 
could  execute  the  sentence,  refused  to  act  against  him. 
His  works  include  valuable  editions  of  many  daasical 
Authors,  including  a  daring  Horace,  1711,  and  a  somewhat 
unsympathetic  emtion  of  *  Paradise  Lost,*  1782.  Among  his 
numerous  contributions  to  classical  scbdarahip  may  be 
mentioned  his  discovery  and  restoration  of  the  *  digamma  * 
to  certain  words  in  the  Homeric  poems.  [iv.  806] 


,,  RIOHARD  (1708-1782),  misceUaneoua 
writer:  youngest  son  of  Richard  Benti^  (1668-1742) 
[q.  v.] ;  entered  Trinity  OoUege,  Cambridge,  1718 ;  fellow, 
1728  ;  lived  many  years  in  south  of  France  and  in  Jeney  ; 
constant  correspoiulent  of  Horace  Walpde  until  1761,  when 
there  was  a  rupture  between  them ;  executed  drawings 
for  editions  of  Gray's  poems  printed  by  Walpole,  1758; 
wrote,  after  1761,  some  uusucoeasful  plays.        [iv.  814] 

BSHTLET,  RICHARD  (1794-1871X  publisher:  edu- 
cated at  St.  Paul's  School ;  joined  his  brother  Samuel 
[q.  v.]  in  printing  busineffi,  1819 ;  in  partnenhip  (1829) 
with  Henry  Oolbum  ;  started  *  Bentley's  MiaoeUany,*  with 
Dickens  as  editor,  1837;  published  *  Young  England* 
newspaper,  1845,  and  *Baitley'a  Quarterly  Review,*  1859  ; 
one  of  his  successful  ventures  was  the  issue  of  127  vblumei 
of '  Standard  Novels.'  [iv.  816] 


r,  GEORGE  (1828-1895X  publisher  and 
author :  son  of  Ricliard  Bentley  (1794-1871)  [q.  v.]  ;  edu- 
cated at  King's  College,  London;  entered  his  father's 
office,  c  1845 ;  edited  *  Temple  Bar  Magazine,'  1866-95 ; 
succeeded  his  father  as  publisher  in  ordinary  to  the 
queen;  member  of  Stationers'  Company  and  F.R.GJ3. 
Among  the  more  notable  novdlsts  whom  he  introduced 
to  the  public  are  Wilkie  Collins,  Mrs.  Henry  Wood,  Miss 
Rhoda  Broughton,  Miss  *  Marie  Oorelli,'  Mr.  'Maarten 
Haartens,*  and  Mrs.  RiddelL  [Suppl.  L  180] 


Sir  JOHN  id.  1772X  vice-admiral;  en- 
tered navy,  e.  1720 ;  lieutenant,  1734 :  commander  after 
battle  of  Toulon,  1744 ;  served  at  Finisterre  and  in  Bay  of 
Biscay,  1747,  and  at  blockade  of  Brest,  1759 ;  knighted, 
1759;  commiasioner  of  navy,  1761;  promoted  to  flag, 
1768 ;  Tice-adotiral,  1770.  [iv.  805] 

BENTLEY,  JOSEPH  CLAYTON  (1809-1851X  land- 
scape painter  and  Une-engraver :  exhibited  paintings  at 
London  and  provincial  exhibitions  from  1838.  Some  of 
his  best  engravings  are  in  Yemon  Gallery.        [Iv.  306] 

BEKTLET,  NATHANIEL  (1786  7-1809X  beau ;  called 
Dirty  Dick  ;  known  for  many  years  as  the  *  Beau  of  Lead- 
enhall  Street'  (where  he  kept  a  warehouse):  frequently 
presented  himself  at  court,  but  in  later  life  developed 
habits  of  squalor,  the  filth  of  his  premises  becoming 
proverbial.  [ir.  306] 

BENTLEY,  RIOHARD  (1662-1742X  scholar  and  critic ; 
BJL  St.  John's  College,  Oambridge,  1680;  master  of 
Spalding  school,  Lincolnshire,  1682 ;  appointed  chapUiin 
to  Stillingfleet,  bishop  of  Worcester,  1690 ;  brought  into 
great  repute  as  a  minute  and  accurate  scholar  by  his 
critical  letter  to  MUl  in  Mill's  edition  of  the '  Chronicle  of 
Malelas,*  1691 ;  deliverad  the  first  course  of  Boyle  lectures, 
takhig  as  bis  subject  *  A  Confutation  of  Atheism,*  1692  ; 
prebendary  of  Worcester,  1692 ;  keeper  of  royal  libraries 
and  F.R.S.,  1694 ;  chaplain  in  ordinary  to  king,  1695 ; 
contributed  to  second  edition  of  William  Wotton's*  Re- 
flections on  Ancient  and  Modem  Learning  *  (1697X  ui 
essay  in  which  he  proved  the '  Letters  of  Phalaris  *  to  be 
forgeries,  and  reviewed  an  edition  of  them  edited,  in  1695, 
by  the  Hon.  Charles  Boyle,  who  had  printed  in  his  preface 
an  insolent  reference  to  Bentiey  ;  answered  by  Boyle  and 
his  friends  in '  Dr.  BenUey's  DisserUtions  on  the  Epistle^ 


^,  ROBERT  (1821-1893X  botanist;  studied 
medicine  at  King's  College,  London;  M.R.O.8.,  1847; 
F.L^.,  1849 ;  lectured  ou  botany,  London  Hospital ;  pro-, 
tessor  of  botany  at  London  Institution  and  King's  CTollege, 
and  of  botany  and  materia  medica  to  Pharmaceutlad 
Society;  edited  *  Pharmaceutical  Journal*;  published 
botanical  writings.  [Suppl.  i.  Ifil] 

BENTLEY,  SAMUEL  (1785-1868),  printer  and  anti- 
quary:  brother  of  Richaid  Bentley  (\794-1871)  [q.  t.]; 
educated  at  St.  Paul's  School ;  in  partnership  with  John 
Nichols,  his  brother  Richard  [q.  v.],  1819,  and,  later,  with 
his  nephew,  John  Bentley,  Wilson,  and  Yley,  He  pre- 
pared and  published  several  antiquarian  worln,  indodung 
•  Bxcerpta  Historica '  ( 1831 ).  [iv.  817] 

BENTLEY,  THOMAS  (1693  7-1742X classical  scholar: 
grandson  of  Thomas  Bentley,  half-brother  of  Dr.  Richaid 
Bentley  (1662-1742)  [q.  v.] ;  educatol  at  St.  Paul's  School 
and  Trinity  OoUege,  Oambridge;  MJL,  1715;  leUow; 
librarian  of  Trinity ;  LL.D..  1724 ;  published  annotated 
editions  of  classical  authors,  iucloding  Horaoe  (1718X  and 
Callimachus  (1741).  [iv.  318] 

BENTLEY,  THOMAS  (1731-1780X  manufactaiw  of 

etrcdain  ;  apprenticed  to  woollen  and  cotton  trades  In 
anchester ;  removed  to  Liverpool,  1754,  where  he  was  a 
prominent  member  of  the  body  of  dissenters  called  Oota- 
gonians ;  entered  into  partnership  with  Josiah  Wedgwood 
for  manufacture  and  sale  of  ornamental  pottery,  -1768; 
came  to  London,  1769.  [iv.  817] 

BENWELL,  JOHN  HODGES  (1764-1785X  genr« 
painter ;  studied  at  Hoyal  Academy ;  executed  drawings 
in  water-colours  combined  with  crayons.  [iv.  319] 

BENWELL,  MARY  (/.  1761-1800X  portrait  painter; 
exhibited  crayon  portraits  and  miniatures  at  Incorporated 
Society  of  Artists  and  Royal  Academy,  1761-9L  [iv.  819] 

BENWELL,  WILLIAM  (1765-1796X  classical  scholar ; 
M.A.  Trinity  College,  Oxford,  1789 ;  rector  of  Chilton, 
Suffolk.   He  edited  Xenophon's  *  Memorabilia,*  1804. 


[iv.  319] 
f.  126G 


BENYNO  or  Dk  BININ  WILLIAM  (/.  1250),  bio- 
grapher ;  prior  of  Cisterdan  abbey  of  Newbattle  until 
1243 ;  abbot  of  Cupar,  1243-58 ;  wrote  life  of  John  Soot, 
bishop  of  Dunkeld.  [iv.  820] 

BEOBHTRIO  or  BRIHTBIC,  king  of  the  West-Saxons 
(d.  802X  sttcoeeded  Cynewulf,  786;  married  Eadburh, 
daughter  of  Offa,  king  of  the  Meroians,  787 ;  died  from 


BBORUTW  ULiF  9 

tbacBsBto  al  paiMD  |ut|>Bi«l  bj  ti^iiarh  lor  btr  tini- 
IjbhI'*  iBioamt.  Dniiag  Ui  ngs.  Lbe  Nortbrnm  lint 
Imlrt  (1W)  tn  BngJMd.  [Lr.  19U] 

XgOKBTWULF  or  BEBTUU,  kino  of  tbe  HcrFluw 
(4.  «*»,  ■oeental  Wlgtat  »»•:  drf™t»l  by  lnviu)l(« 
bua,  ML  [iT.  3H1] 


lOM.udnboKUu'l'liiul  bB>DiUT<dsl 
HartM.  [Iv.  UO] 

,    klsr  or    Uk    Mirdui    (i(.   B16), 


u  Btodanc  br  Bdtbsbt,  Udk  ot  W.wi.  nte  i  kUlFd  li 
t(U  i^diMbtt  &i«liua.  [Lt.  191] 

XKUVetK.  QABBIBL  (d.  IBU).  artiit:  Ixnn  ti 
BaiilAiiluii ;  opned  prist  ibop  uhl  artl'fa  varFbouK 
DBblin.  ITiO:  ■nUqnariui  dnnfthlKiiuin  in  Dgblln  ex 

fuS  rf  iRluil.  [Ir.  IH] 
Tt  (1M»-1TI(H.   painl 


BEBONE 


[It.  B»! 
FOXS.   WILUAH  DK  (J.  latfi),  |ml^;    pro- 
19M:    ■ppolllUd    |iwt!c«   ul 
"1 :  one  d(  mmtj-oiie  Kia- 


.  3-  IWO),  fiuoeii  ot  BlcLnpl  I 

dHCWs  of    SuBbo  Tl  ot    Hivan  '  ' 


t,  BIOHABD  (d.  178!\  for  manf  yun 

1 1  iwMii  iM  Bont  to  Gtoit*  xn ;  bmausfD   — 

incaMBv  Ib  ihU  IUb:  poblUud.  worki  o 


a>v<M>,  JOHN  (17M-lfr>9X  Irinb  9t> 
— nKi  «  of  MVCdl.  aul  of  Tjnlne;  B.A. 
Oottacc.  IMdin,  lf»:  odlid  to  hu.  ITHI,  b 
mcttad:  ILF.  fiv  WkUrtnd,  irM-1906 ;  orl 


Ar,  ITM:  Aim  u«miiilnfam«r  ot  n 


<t  DaUii ;  oriBClpil  ad. 

TTinem^Jord  bstaDd,  IN 
4  liBl  nu>UliHBriTM,biiC  m 


1-1M1),  prlDU 


axnnl:  W 


JOHN  OEOnOB  DB  LA  FOmt 
Inluvl :  nloi'iud  >t  )«od  (d1 
.  _.  .  .  J.D-.  ISOi;  prtait, 
L'«.Cl0Rhcr,  IJOT;  MebnpofOrirk 

ud  luaa,  leoB.  of  Hiipboc.  1807.  sad  nl  noibiT.  ISIS; 

ATTbl^dbopor  Dublin  Hnl  privy cvunciltor  In  IrelAud,  ISSO; 

urbblBtaopof  Amuwb  nivl  primal?  of  [reUnrLlatJ^  vlro- 


MARCDS    OEUVAIR    (1B01-I«(i(lv 
HiTliljbiliopot  Amuvh ;  M.A,  TrluitJ^  CoUe^rr.  OnibHb1^<, 

rlcar  of  Dmnff  ami  Lnrah.  t.  IN37  ;  an:bilem«n  Df 
ArrUKb.  lan;  blilwp  ot  Ktlitiuiv  and  AnU«h.  lUM; 
blilAp  Dl  Clobber  anl  an;liUibep  ol   Amigb,  IBM: 

(Hnppl.  i.  IBt] 
XKSXBTOSD.  WILLIAM  CASH.  TUCUDNT  Bimci- 
niBi)  (Itoli-ItlM),  gmml:  Ule^Iiniite  ion  of  Onr^ 
dc  la  Poer  Brmlori.  lEamnla  o(  Wat«tf'>nl ;  enlmd 
mUltiuy  lobool,  Ktruburg.  \TSt ;  malffTi,  ITHC  ;  Bcrrrd 
Id  NDHaRcotla.  IIM;  apulo.  1791 :  at  Tonlon,  17)1-9; 
In  Cunlea.  at  Dapcuna  at  Martellu.  Baitla.  Calvl,  and  BaD 
Fiantnm.  I7M  ;  bnvrt'nuijnr  :  lleuU'naDt-DolDnel.  17M; 


.  In  JrtKT,  17B7-8,  I 
iret-DolODiS,  IBUI  ;  oo 


,  ISUU,  and  Kgjpl. 

indfld  Ant  brlipulii 
ai  njimn  di  ine  uapn,  loua ;  id  cnnjunettofl  wtlh  SlI 
Eame  Popli«ii  cspUind  BaoHS  A7Ra.but  bdng  odb- 
tcllal  nibnqiimtlj  to  capltolaU,  waa  Ui*n  ImpibvHd 
for  Bli  monUu  i  ntumca  to  Uuelaod,  1BU7 ;  Dooupjed 
Hadc4n  a>  goviRior  and  ooBimandw-lii-olilct  In  naioe  al 
Inna  nl  Fnitugsl.  1807-0 ;  najot-ttenaral  aiid«nnmanil»iit 
ol  Uabon.  img;  (aniibt  at  OuraDit,  IBUB  ;  uuinlal  In 
rortuifaiHe  antiy ;  lucnl  llmteiiaJEt-BcUBTal  In  Portugal, 
1809;  TTOT^aniHl  rortii^nese  anny  ;  )LB.and  Cobda  da 
lu  rortUKD^t  p 


1  to^^SiS.  IMl:  U _...  „ .. 

coloiwJ  ot  IQtb  nyiroFnts  18J3;  VbKfHiDi 
B;  i!enen1.  183A  ;  manvr^general  ul  or1> 


irtla  Itlncront,  IWS.  Il».  3MJ 

BKSOXNBOTB.  OUSTAV  ADOLPH  flSll-lMB), 
Utorical  ftodAqt ;  bom  at  TiletrJiD,  Bast  Pruuia ;  edo- 
BU^  St  KHnigabog  DnlrenScy;  matiKRilHl  adrancsd 
fvtncratlo  opl&kma  In  onlbKak  of  IBia  :  AnL^rat^d  In 
oametoLondon  «itb  tIpw  of  ttudyinn 


Tndor  period  ot  higlarj,  IJ 


Ua»;  died  al  Madrid.  (It,  iU] 

HI.  JOHN  BRODHIBB  <lSOO-iarS),  noBiii. 

'inUDdmt  of  trvdty  departuient.  loAl-73 ;  msn- 

nnmiulou  to  revlw  bIhta   trade  iDitnjotlou 

'ooDda  and  tmunrer  (1M3-»7)  ot  Um  KDmla. 

:    FJJ.A.;    cootribuUd 


BERXNOTON 


BBSmOTOir.  CBARLBS  (IT4a-17ftaX  csthallD  di- 


BSBINIITON,  JOSEPH  (17t»-lMT>,  csMjolic  diiliw : 

diiul«d  ■!.  Bt.  nmer:  arcUiiiBl  prlait  [n  Fnuini  tudcc 

B'StAOordBblre  Cld^y';  prIcA 

jnoiUj  In  London  disHct,  fmni 

luspcDded  Jar  oviaUtBH  exanuei  in 

-^^ 1  fcrfaWre. 


if  flfUEQ  prltsU  knawt 


lOdn.  Id  BrnloD  ud  PfUi^ 

Fortmui,  UTI),  and  of  Boraoarti  Kflii,  Berk 
nltliutilf  puHd  to  Junta  Berks^,  wtu  was 
10  Barllumt,  Ull-«1,  In  rtglit  of  bia  ponai 
-daAa.  From  Jum'i  joangiiat  ido  wu  dam 
Bann  BIr  Robert  Bskilar  (d.  IflH)  [o.  f .].  Id 
Jamn*!  ddiat  m),  Wnilun,  dl«d  nMMlii.  al 
tha  oaiUc  paiaed  Into  tlia  tamUj  of  hli  Btpbei 
MaoricO  dantudaiit,  Q«org«  (d.  leU)  [4.  *.]. "' 
^■eonmt  Sunli;  and  aul  at  Svkcmr.  1«7».  atl 
"roterliik  A 


rdlov,  1707 :  atodlid  philoioplif  und  puUUiliisd '  Boa* 
Ids  a  New  TlwoiT  of  TlliOD,'  1700,  'TTBUn  Don- 
ae  Saaaa  EiiDilalge,'  1710,  and  'Dlalogoa  be- 
D  Bylu  and  Pbilonotu,'  1719;  itiDi«dEaii.l7I0>ll: 
irGiwliKcUitw,  1711;  came  u  Eoglaal,  t71J.  and 
nc  BHnmiUiil  witti  Ktiele.  Addixiu.  Fope,  Bwllt,  aad 
-H ;  chnplaln  to  Lord  IS^Eo-horoa^li  while  ar  ' 


pmcur.  17» ;  came  w  EngUnd.  17H,  and  oMatoad  sbarlar 
tor  pnip<!«d  ccdlEvc.  1716 :  weat  to  Amariin,  IIH,  aaS 


Lionl,  i; 


n ;  poUliiied  ■  Alelphna,' 

puUlabtd '  Qiuriit,*  hii-T, 
i(  nuggoUoni  upon  uan  of 
rAJ,  and  there  diod.     Aj  ft 


BSBEELXY,  OEDRQB  CBiSLES  OBA>'TLBT 
FIT2HABDl«aB  am-lS81),  wrlta ;  iliUi  taa  of 
Ftcderiok  Angnnm,  aUh  wl  of  Bskilq' :  1  '  -  ■  - 
OoTTKU  Ctartitl  CoOcitc  a-'  ■"—■"- — '  ■  ■- 
BtmiD  giaudt.  1B1C  and  ar 


:  Berkdcjr,  in  n 


TA'. 


OM 


lil»  (who  branobt  an  aattim  andait 

daraa^Mh  and  fongbt  a  dnl  «Ai  Dr. 

Un^iio.  tlie  author  j  prapoaad.  ISHL  am'  -"-■—■   '— ■ 


iuabuid(^.  17»)i 

tXXL 
H-IB70). 


!ldeBtioo(d.  17«I). 

[if.  M4] 
HSNBY  FITZHARDINQB 
1  son  of  Fredjirtck  Au^u«tuL 

BriBtoi,  1^37,  and  1841-70;  repeatedly  adTocal^i  iHlIot, 
but  wltbouc  iwiceBa,  iglS-7a  (Iv.  IM] 

BBXXBLXT,  aROIUlB.  Biboh  Berkelet  (laol- 
IDtSX  lunmalid  ta  lamllv  iioDuura,  ICII:  K.H^  iei«: 
nmonmtnmoBtr,  OhrlffiChiirch.  Oiford,  IBIB:  MJ_ 
iS»;apeDi.m<uhtUdeintan%n  trarei.  [iv.IU] 

- _-.BT.    OEC 

(isig-ias8|, 

(lMl-i6J8)  fii.  V,];  "" 

cdncattil  at  AurlKl  Chniv...  wu^u  .  u.«  u.  <«u.uu».u 
to  iUTlli  Obarloi  to  England  from  TbD  Habile,  IIU  : 
'J  ~ir  fonlgn  pian^UoDi.  ICfll;  orif^inal  -  --^ 
Bc^alAlrican  Compan;,  and  FJUBL,  1«S3 ;  i^reaU 
DonlQ  and  Karl  at  BerkelBT,  1S7B :  goTeruor 
^  of  Trinity" ■"' 


0<LB.,llti. 

[I*.  MB) 
T,  QEOBOE  MONCK  (17M-1713i,  m— 
lawnua  wnuw:  md  of  Bllia  Barkriej'  [q.v.].  iducawi 
at  Eton.  Bt.  Andrein,  ttai^lHifo  Hnii.  Oilord.  aid  tnur 

|17»7>.  [iT. !»] 

.  niLBERT  (IMl-liSt).  Mahop:  aD. 
tilaliap  of  Bath  aod  WaiK  IMUi  ohan- 
'""  *"  "'^    ""*;  oppovd  attempt  of 


jr  of  WdK  lMU-1;    D.D„  .. 
(eeoea  a[  Walla  (a  obtain  ti 


<lt80-17M>.BdDiirDl:oaptolnaltrl«aIe  In  Channel,  1701: 
aetTol  In  llaUtdianmi  with  Sir  Ooot^  Hooka  and  Sir 
Olowdlde;  BboTell,  Ifot-T;  r^sed  lo  Oag-nnk.  170»; 
with  Bjos  hi  the  Forth.  1708;  laid-lleatenint  of  Olsu- 

adMlralcy.  1717-S7  ;  lord  high  admiral  and  oomokaDdar- 
In-chlel  hi  ohannel.  1J18 ;  Ka.,  1718.  [li.  HO] 

BBRlCBigT,   JOHN,  flnt  BiROH    Bkhkhlet    ar 
(ii.H78Xao"  -      .     - 


Ihikt  of  York  noder  Turn 

}JeMierlaBla.l«""  _   _ 

Ran,  IWi):   lerd-prealdtDt  of  Oouiaivhl  l«  lilt,  IHI; 


MtT  aoaadOor,  Itn:  one  of  nuuten  nf  nnl 
VBDoaaUMcCrkBfla.MM:  IcnO-UmLeiuu 


.  ,  *.  UTB) 

IMud^ud  UOTd,  IMI  i  took  part  In  aturk  on  Bn«I. 

vkn'Smli  IB  iHOBlad  bointiinliiiait  of  St.  Wo.  Itei : 
opifid  ta  liaii^nf  FiBDh  oout.  IHl-r.       {1>.  3Bt] 

WaMEOT,     MAinUOK      FBBDBBICK      FIT& 
HJUU>t1«gl^  Int  BAKoa  PtrzBiRDixai  (1TB8-1H7V 

il,SB<fUtbBulo(BgrtalQ;  tatmd  nirr,  Itwt : 

_ .  ..^ .^  ■.^pmlOork.  1SJ8- 

idminO.  IM)  :  with  brnr 


,  JiwUciBT;    <■ 


[It.  1M] 

BDXZLZT,  Bib  BOBBRT  (UBt-ltH).  judge !  cskUel 
aiiuk»llUdl(TBiitde.l«M;  hlfcb ihtrUf olWaraata'- 
*Mh  Mil;  etIMtadiKnsof  eolf,  IttT;  UoR^  ntjoint 
jj  jaittwBfdeigtiifkiiig'ilniicb.lIM:  npvcBted  Une 

■ ' '" —  T*  ■blp-mDnT,  I«W-7.  ud  wo  iMjxMliri 

ordi,  IMl:  flud,  ud  Innncltatal  trom 

l«U.  [Iv.  MB] 

',  BOBEBTtmi-iaMkiuitlior 


nl  anildcl  KpficlDtmait*  Id  Bgialny ;  i 


BiRL  OF  (ura-ieu).    ts«  norbd^ 

BSKEBTKD,  BIXXBTXP,  or  XOBQHBTXB.  ETB- 

lOKD  alUr  thr  battlEoI  Lcwh  m  Domlule  muncll  cf 
no  Wricn^lM  rojal  power,  IIH  ;  ■D^pEDdel  hj  omluul- 


BKKLIOZ,     HAJIBIET    CONSTAKOB     (IWO-ISM). 
BB£KnrOHUt.    MR     JOHN,     BiRL    011    Luura 


obtained  jad^Tuent 


mi:  preslilfnt  Btitlili  &n:hi»lciglnl  AidH]',  lU}.    HH 

BE&NAL  08B0SXK,  RALPH  (l"Wt-l""3>'  [«■>■ 
iriui :  clOwt  son  o[  Rulpti  Svriu]  [q.  •,] :  alucmal  at 
btirtertiDiiBe  aiid  TrioLt;  CoMeirc.  C!*mbi*falH« ;  «n*Uii, 
In  roKlmml.  1S31 ;  liberal  M.P.  tor  Chlpjnlnjt  Wjiymib^ 


BL.  Mithd,  UrltUiiiy :  wrot«H  ilfntrLptton  of  bLa 

BSSFASD  (/.  iros).  w&nior;  of  Nenrmii 
NewmoiTh':   aanp  to   RneUDd  vLlh  Oonqon 

BEBBAKIKJ.  I3«3!),  bt>liop:  i^l^iiicellorc 

BSRXAKS  A  USCTO  FRAXGISOO  { 
BEESAXII.  CHAHLES  (IMU-1T11>.  lun 


BEBNAKD 


96 


BEBBIMAK 


1678 :  Savilian  professor,  Oxford,  1678-91 ;  F.ILS^  1678 ; 
tator  at  Paris  to  Dukes  of  Grafton  and  Northumberland, 
sons  of  Obarles  II  by  Duchess  of  Cleveland,  1676 ;  re- 
turned to  Oxford,  1677 ;  obtained  living  of  Brightwell, 
Berkshire,  1691;  left  works  In  manuscript  which  were 
purchased  by  the  Bodleian.  His  writings  Include  'Do 
mensuris  et  ponderlbus  antiqnis  libri  tree*  (1688X*£ty-  i 
mologloon  Brltannicum'  (1689),  *  Chronologite  Samari- 
tansB  Synopsis  *  (1691),  and  some  astronomical  works. 

fiv.  878] 
BEEVABD,  FRANCIS  (1627-1698X  physician :  M.D. 
Cambridge,  1678:  F-CP^  1687 ;  assistant  physician  to  St. 
Bartholomew's  Hospital,  1678 ;  physician  in  ordinary  to 
James  II,  1698.  HiH  library  of  medical  books  was  re- 
puted to  be  the  largest  ever  made  in  England,    [iv.  380] 

BERNABD,  Sir  FRANCIS  (1711  ?-1779X  governor  of 
ICassachusetts  Bay :  educated  at  Westminster  and  Christ 
Church,  Oxford:  MJl.,  1736:  called  to  bar  at  Middle 
Temple :  bencher :  practised  on  midland  circuit :  governor 
ci  province  of  New  Jersey,  1768,  and  of  Massachusetts 
Bay,  1760;  his  thorough  administroti(m  of  the  home 
goremment's  policy,  for  which  he  was  as  a  reward 
created  baronet  in  1769,  undoubtedly  hastened  the  war ; 
recallol,  1769  ;  D.C.L.  Oxford,  1772.  He  pnblishal  politi- 
cal writings.  [iv.  380] 

BEBNABD,  HERMAN  HEDWIQ  (1785-1857X  he- 
bralst;  for  many  years  Hebrew  teacher  at  Cambridge; 
published  works  rdatlng  to  Hebrew  literature  and  histOTy. 

[iv.  381] 

BESVABD,  JOHN  (d.  1667  ?X  author ;  BJL  Queen's 
College,  Cambridge,  1644 :  Trotter's  priest,  1644 ;  fellow, 
e.  1646;  M.A.,  1647;  bursar,  1661-2;  wrote  protestant 
religious  tract  in  Latin,  pubUsbed  (1668X  by  his  brother 
Thomas  Bemaid  [q.  v.].  [iv.  381] 

BEBHABD,  JOHN  (1766-1828),  actor ;  light  come- 
dian on  Norwich  drouit,  1774 ;  member  of  Bath  company, 
1777;  in  Ireland,  1780-4;  played  Archer  in  *  Beaux* 
Stratagem*  at  Covent  Gkirden,  1787;  again  at  Covent 
Garden,  1793-6 ;  played  in  New  York,  1797,  Phihidelphla, 
1797-1803,  Boston,  1803 ;  joint  manager  of  Federal 
theatre,  Boston,  1806-10 ;  travelled  in  United  States  and 
Oudada,  1810-17 :  made  last  appearance,  Boston,  1819 ; 
sdeotions  from  his  *  BeminitoenoeB '  appeared  after  his 
death.  [iv.  882] 

BISVABD,  JOHN  PETER  (d.  1760),  biographer ; 
graduate  of  Leyden ;  taught  literature  and  nu^thematlcs 
in  London  after  1738 ;  contributed  largely  to  *  General  Dic- 
tionary, Historical  and  Oritioal,*  1734-41.  [iv.  383] 

BXRVABD,  MOUNTAGUE  (1820-1882%  International 
lawyer,  B.C.L.  Trinity  College,  Oxford  ;  Yinerian  scholar 
and  fellow ;  called  to  the  bar  at  Lincoln's  Inn,  1846 ;  one 
of  founders  of  *  Guardian,*  1846;  first  professor  of  inter- 
national law,  Oxford,  1869-74;  judge  of  chancellor's 
court;  on  commission  of  naturalisation  and  allegiance^ 
1868 ;  fdlow  of  All  Souls*  College,  c.  1870 ;  one  of  high 
oommissloners  who  signed  treaty  of  Washington,  1871 ; 
privy  oonnoUlor;  member  of  judicial  committee  of 
oooncil ;  D.C.L. ;  member  of  University  of  Oxford  Com- 
mission, 1877;  original  member  of  Instltut  de  Droit 
International  (founded,  1878) ;  published  works  rdating 
to  international  law.  [Iv.  888] 

BEEVABD,  NICHOLAS  (d.  1661X  divine ;  educated 
at  (Cambridge;  chaplain  and  librarian  to  archbishop 
Ussher ;  dean  of  Kllmore,  1627 ;  Incorporated  M.A.  Ox- 
ford, 1628 ;  prebendary  of  Dromore  and  dean  of  Ardagh, 
1687 ;  preacher  of  Gray's  Inn,  1661 ;  chaplain  and  al- 
moner to  Oliver  Cromwell ;  published  religious,  historical, 
and  other  works,  Including  a  life  of  archbishop  Ussher, 
1666.  [iv.  884] 

BEBKABD,  RICHARD  (1668-1641), puritan  divine; 
M  Jl.  Christ's  College,  Cambridge,  1698 :  vicar  of  Worksop, 
1601  presented  to  Batoombe,  1613.  His  numerous  publi- 
cations include  an  edition,  with  translations,  of ' Terence' 
(1698), '  Bible  Battels,  or  the  Sacred  Art  Military  *  (1629% 
works  directed  against  the  separatists,  and  various  reli- 
gions and  other  treatises,  some  of  which  enunciated  bene- 
volent schemes  which  have  since  been  generally  adopted. 

[iv.  886] 

BEBHABD,  THOMAS  {d.  1682X  divine ;  brother  of 
John  Bernard  (d,  1667  ?)  [q.  v.] ;  M.A.  King's  0>Uege, 
Cambridge,  1688 ;  BJ).  Oxford,  1667  ;  canon  of  Chxut 
Church,  Oicfoid,  1646 ;  Cranmer'd  chaplain,  1647. 

[lv.881] 


BEBNABD,  Sm  THOMAS  (1760-1818),  philan- 
thropist; son  of  Sir  Francis  Bernard  [q.  v.]  ;  educated  at 
Harvard ;  secretary  to  his  father  in  Ammca ;  came  to 
England ;  called  to  bar  at  Middle  Temple^  1780 :  ooo- 
veyaucer:  with  bishop  of  Durham,  wilberforce,  and 
others,  founded  Society  for  Bettering  Condition  of  Poor, 
1796 :  set  on  foot  plan  of  Royal  Institution,  Piccadilly, 
1799 ;  established  British  Institution  for  Promotton  of 
Fine  Arts,  1806  ;  chancellor  of  diocese  of  Durham ;  MJL 
Lambeth  and  LL.D.  Edinburgh,  1801.  He  was  con- 
nected with  foundation  of  many  sodeties  tot  relief  of 
SK>r,  and  was  a  liberal  benefactor  of  the  Foondlioff 
ospltal.  [Iv.  887] 

BEBHABD,  WILLIAM  BAYLB  (1807-1876X  drama- 
tist :  bom  at  Boston,  America,  of  English  parents ;  came 
to  Eingland,  1820 ;  clerk  in  army  aooounts  office,  1826-30 ; 
wrote  many  dramatic  pieces  of  considerable  merit,  the 
greater  number  being  still  unprinted.  [Iv.  889] 

BEBHABDI,  JOHN  (1667-1736X  major;  son  of 
Genoese  nobleman  living  in  Worcestershire ;  ran  away, 
and  subeequently  went  to  Holland  with  his  unde.  Golooel 
Anseline,  and  enlisted  In  States  army,  afterwards  exchang- 
ing into  an  English  Uidependent  regiment ;  received  Eng- 
lish commission  under  Fenwick,  1674;  captain,  1688; 
accompanied  James  II  on  Irish  expedition  from  St.  Oer- 
malns ;  served  In  Scotland,  and  was  captured  after  James's 
defeat  at  the  Boyne,  1690 ;  died  In  Newgate,  after  nearly 
forty  years'  Imprisonment.  [iv.  889] 

BEBHAYS,  ALBERT  JAMBS  (1828-1892X  chemist : 
educated  at  King's  C<dlege  school ;  Ph.D.  Giesaen  ;  analyit 
and  lecturer  on  chemistry  at  Derby,  1846;  lecturer  on 
chemistry  at  St.  Mary's  Hospital,  Loiklon,  1866-410,  and  al 
St.  Thomas's  Hospital,  1860-92 ;  fellow  of  Chemical  Sooietj 
and  of  Institute  of  Chemistry ;  published  popular  woilci 
on  chemistry.  [SuppL  i.  183] 

BEBHEB8,  second  Barox  (1467-1633X  [See  Bour- 
CHiER,  John.] 


BEBHEB8,  BEBHBS,  or  BABHES,  JULIANA 
(6.  1888  ?),  writer :  said  to  have  been  daughter  of  Sir 
James  Bemers  (whose  son  was  created  Baron  Bemers, 
temp.  Henry  IV)  prioress  of  Sopwell  nunnery,  Hertloid- 
shlre;  probably  spent  youth  at  court  and  shared  in  the 
woodland  sports  then  fashionable;  published  work  on 
fleld-roorts  and  henUdry,  *  The  Boke  of  St.  Albans '  (I486). 
The  *  Boke '  contained  treatises  on  '  Hawking,*  *  Hunting,' 
*  Lynage  of  Coote  Armiris,'  and  the  *  Blasjng  of  Armys.* 
An  edition  printed  by  Wynkyn  de  Worde,  1496,  contained 
also  a  *  Treatyse  on  Fysshynge  with  an  Angle.*  [iv.  890] 


AUGUSTINE  (/,   1664X  ■errant   of 
Latimer :  of  Swiss  or  Belgian  origin ;  minister  d  oon- 

E>gation  in  London  during  MsLry's  reign;  attended 
timer  while  Imprisoned  in  Tower,  1663,  and  with  other 
bishops  at  Oxford,  1664 ;  a  constant  friend  of  the  mortyn 
during  Marion  persecution ;  rector  of  Sutton  In  El^o- 
beth's  reign ;  wrote  religious  works.  [It.  883] 

BEBHIOIA,  khigs  of.  [See  Ida,  if.  689 :  Adda,  d. 
666:  Bthklfrid,  d,  617;  Oswald,  6067-642;  Oswy, 
612?-670.] 

BEBHIHOHAM,  RICHARD  db  (JL  ltl8X  jiwtlce 
Itinerant;  frequently  summoned  to  pitfliament,  1818- 
1824 ;  included  in  judicial  commissions ;  odleotor  of  son* 
toges  In  Yorkshire,  1814-16 ;  knight  of  YorkahUn.  1828. 

liT.  898) 

BEBBIDOB,  JOHN  (1716-1793X  eroageOoal  cta)gy' 
man;  MJL  Clare  Hall,  Cambridge,  1748;  fellow;  in- 
ducted to  college  of  Everton,  Bedfoiddilre,  1766,  where  he 
remained  till  death ;  became  acquainted  with  Wesley  and 
Whltefldd,  1768 :  began  preaching  tours  In  neighbouring 
counties,  1769;  at  first  an  Arminian  and  afterwards  a 
(^vinlst;  puUished  religious  works.  [Iv.  898] 

BEBBIMAH,  JOHN  (1691-1768%  divine;  M.A.  St. 
Edmund  Hall,  Oxford,  1720 ;  rector  of  St.  01ave*8  and  St. 
Albon's ;  published  rdigious  works  and  edited  his  brother 
William's  *  Christian  Doctrines '  (1761).  [iv.  894] 

BEBBIKAH,  WILLIAM (1688-1760), divine;  brother 
of  John  Berriman  [q.  v.] ;  educated  at  Merchant  TayknaT 
School  and  Oriel  College,  Oxford;  MJL.,  1711;  DJD., 
1722 ;  domestic  chaplain  to  Dr.  Robinson,  bishop  of  Lon- 
don, 1720;  fellow  of  Eton  Collc^ge.  1727;  Boyle  lectarar, 
1730-1 :  published  theological  works.  dtw,  894] 


BZBWtW.  OAFEL  (iri(-17e9t,dl>liie:  RliKstBl  nl 
VrrTtem  T>j1en'  eetuxH  and  Cbrtrt'i  Collet.  Cum 
brM^t;  ILA.17»«;  ■ncccBlnl]' loctonr  erf  St.  BitisIIcI 
and  Fkn)*!  Wtntt,  CECtor  at  BonUurtaii.  and  cluipliLii  t< 
BfiivmfmWt  l!<xi^  of  JndfH  uid  SitJbioM  bi  Sirjouitfl 
Inn  :  pidlMHl  Unlaglal  wotk*.  [It.  lit] 


— —  "~-  n;  svBvl  (IXM)  ■  inhMt.  whleh  be  oon- 
a  thuty  jmn :  out  at  IWtDdm  <<  Lllcnry 
"  ~a1  BO^B^i  KOd  town T  _d  .__- — 


IBT.  JIVES  (.*-  1«S»).  in«]or-gaier«l ;  i 

Iwmxto.  am^ahiii,  t  IMJ :  look  •rrrlce  nndor  Crom 

nafac-t'oB*'  at  HcnTDtd.  ehrotHhln,  uid  Wals.  IBlt 
BEOibcrof  CnmvviriHouwof  Lonli:  ir — *" — ' " 


JSIST,  Bib  JOHN  OltS-ltK}.  almin] : 
M><T,lMi:  ^rredHbaatonlnlnWaBIuir 
IM* ;  I  [■■iimiiiIbI  iqaiiilnii  u»lDit  rntiel 
BiSLSnkitf  BLKU^iaaii  knlghtid  to 
■   - ■.  \m;   eeulaeuS  Da- 


Ot  ■Worb  0(  Hcna  Wilpolc'  ■ppaind.  ii«Dliullr 
■aw  br  Btbat  Bbtt.  bat  In  nailtj  bj  Mary.  Sbt 
pnUiAj  Mm.  do  Dcauid'i  l(tU»  tnm  Uk  orlgiuli  sC 
^artarr  HUI.  UlU.  Hr  wirtt  Indndc  ■  Uh  of  Raoliel 
/■(ISlaX'EBdkl  LUe  of  Englud  lod  Fnun 
M  IB  lOU'  (1BW-3IX  [kr.  XVS) 

BBXT,  VILLIAK  (llTi-isaw  pnmloeUt:  clerk 
aCkO^t  al  Am^  ITH-IBOa:  publlibal^  'UUtorj  oC 
^wamrj!  UUt  gfntBlcvksl  piwn^  ai  UngUaJ,  S«>t- 

>,-  UOS-IO.  iind  KTcnl  CDunli 


mmesTED,  wai^tbr  i 

-.1 :  inb-fboltt  of  KmC  I»7 ; 
o(  DoTw  CtMr;   JthUw  LUnei 


IT  ■ilmlnlcy,  tSU :  itodM  si 
I;  TrtntI?.  farvhira. 


' :  dHigDBt  mllapflhln  host,  w] 


SuppL.  i.  IM] 


,    IJM:   r 
capcuiv  ol  Alaiirltiiu.  Iftlo ;  I 


SZBtlB.  Dis  ALBGHARLG  (1T»('1SI1X  & 

-■ ■""■  cuptain,  17M;  iu  uUan  d(  Flni  ol 

r-idralnL.    IRH :   Tlcc-admlnl.    IBM; 

'       "         '  Qood  Hnpi ;  oonunuidsl 

..-  ^^v.^..  ^.  ..«.».jnL  imii-  *--' — -    .— -  .     .    r    . 

UU:  K.aB,  ISK. 

BBKTIX,  OATHAHING,  Sni-Brati  (Oqwiodi)  o> 
SuFPOUt  f  16JIJ-16W)),  oiilj  chnd  d{  wniUm  WlUougbbj-. 
iS^titto  luroD  WUIw^hb;  ol  Biab;-;  m*rnal,  ItM, 
Charlw  Utiiriou.  duke  of  Suffolk  (J,  IMS),  and  r.  USI, 
Biclurt  Bertie;  dlRlogiiltbBl  lor  bei  a»J  tor  the  Bttor- 
BiaUon.  [[V.  *a] 

BERTIZ.    UONTAGOE.   HDOdd   Bint   0 


()(.  I 


,  RICa&nD  (IMr-1182).  liu^bnud  of  Iha 
Docboi  Dow«Berol8unglk;B,A.CorimiCUn«ti  OoU^ 
Oitonl.  IBIT  ;  Ji^DEd  hoUHbold  Of  Tbomu  WitochMlir 
loM  cluDoeUoT  (tftcrwudi  Bart  of  FtoiafammplOD);  fied 
from  iUrfu  pvnccniloii  to  Wsid,  Clrw,  lOH,  remand 
Ihtnde  iMMiiiTelj  to  BtruboR  and  Welnhrlin,  ■nd  nltl- 
»u>utf  to  Pcduil,  urlien  Uh  Vug  pUoad  lilm  la  eurldDia 
of  Kroie.  Sanugllli:  rctomal  to  Kii^lnivl  iflcr  Uarr^ 
tltuXb :  knlgtit  lor  cotm^  ot  Linoolu.  \lil ;  MA.  Quo- 
bridBe,  IML  [It.  407] 

BEBTIE,  ROBEIIT.  flnt  E.tnL  ur  LixDHR  (\Kt~ 
\M'i\  Bdmlrsl:  ^dm  vn  ol  I'eregrlne  Bertie  [q.  T.l; 
iu:«nnpinled  eipolitlDii  aratut  :S»lu,  II9T :  at  iIcbe  at 

rliilmod  fem  Ijtaif  betwem  Kjioe  Eau  and  tlie  Gloo, 

I  Coiintilv.  U)l.>iid*n  Bueknoebam't  nkiBl  eiped!lloa>: 


^id.biibn^rBtnlto,uid  tatndiioedSirUUauIt^  at  St. 
Vaftin'i  ChoKfa,  OautertiatT,  Vatn  AugQatine  auik  hli 


•kaik  of  CbuntcB,  Parii,  ai 


married  dnoghler  of  Peiq^rio 

Copoihages,  ISUI : 
admiral  and  knl«bt  18 

bekth.  verb  ( 


filoHl  ind  ■apportarof  Wilkn:  pabllibal  '1 


di^iiiiilDi;  Wjallttf'j  woniDenUI  doctrine:   elgoBl  con- 
demniitlDiiot  WidllST's'amcliulDia.'  IWI.      [fi.tll] 

SEBTBAK.     [Bqf  RA-TOiHXL-B-l 

BBBniAH,  OHARLKfl  fl7>S-lTU),  HnnHlirn  rvlt- 
iitjlBiDHiiRi.KBJirLiux:  liiawT  Conpn- !  Bngllili  Uacbcr 
IdmOwoI  foTuifiU  ofket^ODpnitufrHii  prodDAd  ^ 

■mUqiatla 


BESTRIO  (rf.  twi).    [S«  BmRHTRic] 
BZXTT7LF  (,/.  8»!).    [S«  BEOniiTVrnLF.] 
BEXWIOX.  Dt'kK  iiv  (ie7(J-17M).    [Bee  Fj 


rl  Trinity  Odle^e,  IHihliu; 
Iwne^Q  rhupir'-  '-  " — '  -' 
Mi  th»lo^«l 
BEBBBOBOUOB.  fo 


.■    (rf.    !g4S).     [See   Hil.1 


r  (1781-1847).    [See 


[.  JOSBFH(l«fls;-ITt;).  qiKkFT  conrcrt  tnn 
pliuroU;  writiUB  muter  M  OololKMer ;  pub 
trDvcrnifll  4niL  other  worln^  IncfinlinR  'Saffer 
'  <iniktn  fmn  leu  to  i«S»,'  IT*!.  [It.  414] 
HENRY  {1813-19981.  swliieer  >» 
.  Chirltoii  111  hli  fUher-t  batluan  w 
trpe-rnander ;  CHine  b 


LotidDU.  1B3U.  ud  tntilea  in  ■ 
vfiitfd  perfoTftted  die  for  i: 
■alnd  to  ilndt.  IBU,  ind 

tlnmbwio  penelli :  lnv«ated  I 
US ;  Eiik^Rgd  In  muiuhvTt 
gold  paint  bj  an  oriirlDiil  pcm 


r  oc  Biitu 


D   tor  Adnuaenmt  of 

ited  worln  at  filieinelrl, 

a  Ipeolallt;  ol  gpno-naUng.  and  intw- 

QDenCljr  wai  ntoulTCljr  oocnplcd  [n  numibKieaTi  of  it«l 
rallfl ;  iDTmtBd  iwlnfrlDg  aalann  for  eca-firiiie  thkIh. 
wlikh  ■no  tried  with  email  tnooat.  1871 ;  ncrivol 
Aliiert  gold  mdal  riora  Sooiet;  of  ArU,  1879:  one  of 
fnudcn.  18e«,  and  preeldent.  1871^  of  Inm  and  Btcel 


InRltate;  M.I.O.B..  1«77: 
Ttie  B»«m<^^  st«l  nunub 
tliiltal  eiatoi  and  dereli 
(lee7-J01.  and 

BEST.  On^BLES  (A  IBM),  poet 
Fmncle  Davidaon'e  ■  PoeUoal  Rnpaodlt' 

BEET,  OBOBOB  (J.  1 
l»)M(T7.ai^l67)),ol  u 


,11.9,  IR7B:  Vnlghled,  II 


r—  -.   I*  HoUey 

■mt  It  Ifl  probably  equal  to  that  of 
oolleotlvel;.  [Siippl.  L  18t] 


^r   North-WB 
IS  pnblL<bed  ai 


[i>,  41*] 

BBST,  af(erminl»  BBBTE.  HENRY  DIODY  (I7SB- 
— ,  MagiUlcu  OoUe^e.  Oi- 


rvonaT    nnil    Literary 


logjl 


. .      rot  Adalplm 
Oermanf ;  reComa  to 

'"TiM  of  the 

LmbrtdgB,  who  appean  to 

tbem  public  iriOi  i»r—  "--•  "-• ' - 

Oateboiwe,  164S ;  relKno.  iHf,  naing  aooreBw  ukne 
petitions  to  HoiiH  <>[  Cuirmoiin.  {If.  417] 

BEBT,    PAUCBL  (179)<-189CX   pretcoled    prophet: 

viaitor?  and  proteeaed 
eMemble  reputatUni.  ■ 


InflMed  DO  PuTtnsDerK  at  Soiat  ii 
reoognltioD  of  Engllih  tradh^  rlffbta  afl  eqaa] 
PDtlugal,  I«19 ;  opened  Inde  Tith  Slam,  1«11 
-■-'-' '--TmHuB,'—  —       ■     ■ 

IS;    oomownded  tn 


India  Oomp 

dem^'sni^in  dlmiimiu eipniitiantoBhr,  16^7 :  niutcT 
of'Trlnlty  House.  1BI4,  probablj  till  datb.        [It.  418] 

BEST,  WILLIAM  DRAFKll,  first  Babtix  Wtnt-ihd 
(I7B7-134IX  JndfK ;  eilontAl  at  Wadham  Oolle^e,  Oxford ; 
barrlMer,  Middia  Temple.  1789 ;  jolnid  home  oticolt :  aer- 


;  Kblg  N 
1. 1809:  - 
■Dllcitor-general,    ISll.  a 


,   1818.   to 

li'Bbirf^nrti™  Dt 

Hook  dI   Lords; 
[fT.4M] 


D.O.L,  Oirfoid.  IBM. 

BEST,  WILLIAM  THOMAS  (1810-1897).  miMdu 
ettkUed  en^nevrlng  at  Llrerpool.  where  )ie  **^inr  V 
gnM  ol  baptln  oli*ptl,Pemtwoke  Raiil,  ao)  anbagqanU 
adopted  iBBilcal  pmfHiriDD ;  ornnlit  at  chnnb  m  tt 
blind.  IBtr,  and  to  UTcrpnd  FDUIiamaDlo  Bwdrt*.  IMI 
nrganilt  at  Boral  FanopHoon  (now  the  it' 
IStl,  and  at  SL  bartln^lD-Uw-nelda,  aod  LI 
oiintniiit  to  LItwtwoI  oorporaOon,  I —  "  - 
otFaii  at  Albert  Ball,  1871;  (or  « 
Wwt  Derhj  church.    " 

pUfUui,'  issg.  bi^ae> 

ontan   con^podtiolkB.  Including  '  Beiiedlclte,^  t 

serriee  hi  V.  alio  edlUog  much  of  Che  mnMe 

and  Bach.  [SnppL  L  1*1] 

BBBTOH,  JOHN  (d.  1498).  prior  of  Oaimdlte  coo- 
Tpnt.  Sbihnp's  Lynn :  doctur  In  theology,  Oanbrldgi  and 
Paris ;  wrotf  thado^cal  worke.  "~  """* 

BEtAOH,  THOMAS  (1719-1811).  jcinit; 
langnagea  at  xemlniry  of  Sooiety  of  Jesus,  Poul-i- 


llelte,'  IB^^nd  a 
>e  mnMo  arHuM 


1] 


nrrSAX,     EDWABD  (ITOT-ITSS),  divine  i  rdlov, 

MlBXil  Blot..  1771.                                                  [IT.IM] 
BZTEAX.  JOHN  (rf.  IJM).  alhollo  prtat ;  oiu™trf 

IMS  U  St.  0<nulii<;   openal  ml    pmblol  o™  Bl. 
QngoT^  Sminarj,  P«it,  ITOI  ;  publl«l..i  «nnc.u5, 

MfTHAM,    MAliY    MATILDA     .  KT.    l^,".:''"  .,„,;:..- 

iJl.  Uji  :  ™t'^^«rto  Ponl*  18«:  -r™l  la  wiTtf 
niD««laii.  IHU,  ud  Id  18M-«  m  iiuloc«eninl  In  Ai li : 

BXTHinra.   JOHN   fiaWOMB),   p«t:   hn*h«  of 

lo  hi.  brWIiW.  -T.lc*  of  ><coltl.b  I'™«b«rj-.-  ua  ™iou» 
(Weii'h  |.wlnlln.U,                                                   tl'-  *M) 
BETHDNE.  ,n, UN  IIIIlSKWATKltn;m-lSM),  hi.. 

[It.  *II] 
[,  WILLlAIf  (1T«-1S»),  uUaiurT  ;  bt^- 

j .  _. — .  ..   ~—i~To  AipA  Hoitolk. 

pdbUiW'OaM- 


r;  enilgn  in  ror.1  Huicbcfter  ti 
— '  itQIbnltv  dnrinii  Man  by 
u  publlibal  u 


publldud '  Nunllnor  Battle  of  St.  tI 
goinlDf  HdoerfcH 


1.  ITTB-M, 
Jid  ilipntT 


tq^ 


'KcoinU,  ISIl-M:  u- 

[IT.  «W] 
DRIKKWATSB  (1801- 


JOHN 
IWl).  luUu  iKll" 

-UiHl  to  home  offloa"  Iqiialatli 

incll  ol  India,  ItHB ;  gfleclad  vniiu  impDnw 

cfann..  uid  stBtdlitMd  Kbool  tDr  dUIt  gir 

Clontta.  [1T.M4] 

ROBERT  Dt  (4.  IIU).    IBkBobiht 

BtmSTOir,    THOUAS  (1«H?-1T10X  KtoT  u 

— ■--    prctablj  Brat  luud  In  oompiui)'  UobwI  i 

. ..  jookKUer,  IU>,  hb  ohW  uicoMHa  bdng  I 

FHliila,]  tte ;  U*d  I^]m;_tlii '  I^  SvbMi' cbs 

FWd.  Tb«i.tn, 

5,:^ 


1,  CHBIffTOPHSR  (ITTX-IBM).  Uilup  of 
BH«a".  ILJl.  tix^  Ootlcg^  □uDbrUge.  17n;  D.£„ 
in7:  dMoelcaiiitertiT,  IRll-MipnbnduyoI  Sieter. 
Un:  t>iitaBp i< OtaHsta,  18M.  olBnta,  ISU,  ud  ol 
kw,  1S»-W:  pobUdwd  tbcologtal  .-orki. 


,     RICHARD, 

nUO-lSTI),  UmA  cbutrilcir  ;   B.A.  Wadhui  CoUi^e.  Oi- 

M,  msiUtaw-.a'-'-- ■■—J--- — -  ■—■ 

"-a  in  •qnltT  c 

IT.  lHl,udt 


•adosnta; 


W««lhwT««  WtbdiTlp  WUMhiTB.  18 

of  ma  ntat*.  IMliHt  • 
r  aoDeU  ta  ba 
MH,udH(iiil( 


tbe  ■>(»]'■ 'Kgedj' (1710)  hItcd  lor  hi 


a  Fields*  IflUa;    proliioed  BJ 
'jr  LOTC' CobffEVTe  □□dert.kiDff  w 

bj  Sir  John  T.nbnixb  In  Hw- 
_ .  .^  OongTeveiind 


fj^ 


c   pl.^  F.hn.a>, 

low.'f.  1670,  from  Uductc'.'u 

dman.*  171 D,  frvm  MaHlnger. 


lU-IHlntIng  of  qaa 


[It.. 


BXTTESWOSTH.    OBOROE    EDMUND    BYRON 

Srso-UUB),  DBTBl  captain  :  Umtnut,  IBOt ;  Mi-rol  In 
Ht  iDdlca :  earned  Kelson',  dapatclm  rnm  Antl«ua  u 
Bngluid,  ami  wai  pnnuMol  poatrOipMlu,  laM :  kOM  In 
aig.geinent  off  BBrgoi.  [It.  Ml] 

BKTTB,  JOHS  (d.  IW),  phniclaD  :  B.A.  Oorpu 
Ohtinl OnUegB,  OxfonL  l«47i  U.Dh  KM;  phrilelan  to 
OfaulHlli  F.O.P.,  IBU;  cvuHir,  Oolltse  of  Fbnlduu, 
ten.  l«7a,  1«U,  ud  lasa ;  'gJnt,-  l«Bt ;  puUlibed  HMdlcal 
•orto.  [It,  Ml] 

KETTT,  WILLIAU  HKNRY  WBBT  aT*l-IS71X 
aotor.  iMlled  the  'Yoong  E™rtn«':  plafsd  RomeD  at 
BeUut,  and  HamM  and  Frbioe  Artbnr.  at  DgbUs 
IKU:   plajred  nt  Ont.  Watafoid,  Ola^inr,  MlnbDnh 


KppiAnd  OD  Altenutd  uUflitt  mt  Dm 
□uden,  laos,  addlntf  lUcliard  III  i 
PhakHprnraa  tvpertotrt:  lA5t  app« 


,  ■  print  to  whDiQ  Itv  muUior  of  ^HEstork 
(pprbapfl  'KeduEus^I  dedicated  bla  work 
ai  uTftlngs  hivr  bwo  atldbutcd  to  hbu. 

,t  BEIirO,  Bt.  K  «eDt).iDODk:  rElaUdla 
•  Wlv  Af  T.lBncHrfaii  and  to  St.  KeDtl??ni ; 
tl  rell^ioufl  Kidety  at  Qynnov 


■mOW;  I 


SflbllihRl  B  ■  Elslorj  ol  Legal  Folltf  a[  (be  Uomiin'stato,' 
)Bl.  [Iv.  Mel 

StVEXmOE.  WILLIAM  (lB3T-17Dfl),  bishop  :  M,A. 
SI.  Jobn'g  CoU<«s.  Ckmbrldg^  1B«0;  vlou  of  Eil[na. 
lS4l-7f;  pabUthod  'OdIIkUoh  of  Cuhhb  nodTsd  1>; 
Qrak  Oburcli.' 1079:  tUh  e[  St  FMar^C(vnbin,ie73: 

SEvbeodary  of  SL  PauI'a,  1S74 :  D-D^  1679 ;  pT^Kotlarj'  of 
■ntcTbar;.  IBM ;  blihop  of  St.  \M.j>h,  1704.  Bnsral  re- 
UffioDi  world  bt  hlDL  were  published  poithiuaoiislT, 

[I..  147] 
BIVERLET,    CRAR13S  JAKES   (17B«-18SBX  na- 
turmlln;  uilitant-tuittnn  In  nary.  IHIO;  nccompunlal 
Pol»r  expolmopB  imltr  Hob  ( IBIS)  and  Pany  ( 1810-W)  -. 

hilliurg«)UBndK.BA,lWl.  [I»,  44B] 

XKVXSIfl.  KKNRY  ROKBY  (178fr-I8«3i,  »«m ; 
plnjcd  1a»  coinsly  purt*  at  Adclpbl.  I8!H:  monigin'  of 
VlttoriaTbailre,  IMS,  and  IriUr  of  the  Sunduthlnd  Chutn 
vtd  other  hooaut,  pTlucip&lly  In  uortli  of  finglanrl. 

[iv.  44»] 
m-  {rf.  7S1).    [Eee  John.] 
r.  JOHN  OF  (d.  HH).  CnrmeHtr ;  dortor 


or  at  dlTlnltj  «t 
BLjoaoi  Chorch,  Bevw'- 
o[  Bererley  tbe  teUmrd.  wl 


It  St. 


HtOa>aitOaTden,lBIS!  boenu  (lUtlconnertloB 


SoppL  L 181] 

SETHLS,    BOBBRT    (d.    1S14),    burlrter^t-lnw : 

■Ucd  to  bur  >t   Inner  Temple:   pnctLwd  on  Noiilalk 

ircnit:  reBiatrv  toBnUon)  Levetcoipontloo.  181t-H; 

lUbllibed  trentlw  on  Isw  ol  bomlcldo.  [Ii.  IM} 

BBVIK,  EL\VAY<.|f.  leOE-ie31Xeanipo*er;af  Weltb 


'ilniKcl!. 


B  (t'S7-l«81),  writer  of  s 

l;r;i>lll<dBDdluuea,lHS9.    [iv.Ml) 

(I7MI~17M),     ircDil-nrntTir: 


i-a  Fl*ldi :  left 

BETERLET.  JOHN  (ITtS-lSTX  »qnln  bdeU  of 
Cambridge  tJnimdty:  M.A.  Ctariit's  Dolluge,  Cainbrid^ 
1770:  aqoln  bedell.  17TO-1S17  :  Md  aXer  aoier  the 
■dminlcy.  His  workl  Indude  an  u»aut  of  OuDbridge 
CuiTHjlty  cnttouM.  [ti.  4W] 

BEVE2LEY  or  ISOLMSSKD,  VHILIF  (Jl.  llWh 
Oifonl  bciipfflclor;  tveUa  of  KAyfnBham,  Yorkthlre; 
«Dda".-ed  Ciilvprsity  Oollcfc.  Ojiotd.  [\y.  4(H)] 

BEVEELBY.  THOMAS  OF  (A  1174).    IB«Tbi.uA9.1 

BETEELEY,     WILLIAM    HOXBY    (1814V- ll*i.n|,  . 

cbaUr,  rnumgnl  by  bit  father,  Willkm  Boibjf  17W-1S4I). 
who  bsd  taken  «bc  Ba.mt  ol  Benrley :  luhnqcenlly  ac-  . 

Henry  BeyErleT[q.v,],at  Victoria  TliMlre,  London,  1MB;' 

forVeetdl  and  Ifathewt  at  Lymuu,  IM7-U:  eir 

Albnt  Bmlth  aC  am>tUn  Hall,  PlocadiUi',  U6ti  na 


writieu  by 

BEWICK,  .     ..     .  . 

yDODgvr  brotlivr  of  Ttiomae  Bewlr 
wu  BppnnUoed  at  Kewoutle,  1777:  obtained  aopl. 
ment  In  Loudon  on  biocln  for  ohitdiru's  books.  1781: 
eiecutid  Ulnatntlorui  lor  ■  Guy'i  Fabio '  I IIM).  ■  Bmblsns 
of  Mortality,'  a  copy  of  Holbelo>'looDei'  (17«t),  Tn- 
verba  Eii9upLiaal'(17MX  'rrD|(Te«  of  Mao  andSoolen' 
(t7»l),  -Looking-Ohiu  for  the  Mtnd'  <l!M),BDd  otbtir 

[H.  4M1 
BEWIOX,    ItORRKT    ELLIOT  (I7H-1HI},  n-ool- 

hebecnni'i!.181!;  aHlilxiI  in  '  Fables^  ,£Kip-<18lg]  and 
>  HMory  of  UritUh  Pldlia.'  [Ir.  4M] 

BEWICK,  THOMAS  (176a-18!B>,  woo.l.en«rBiH ; 
appreutlDcd  to  Ralph  Beitby  (q.  v.],  17G7,  ami  was  looa 

exconted  onta  tor  nreial  ehUdno'i  bm!brim-4 :  ane 
to  London.  177t,  and  iborUy  anennrdi  wnt  anin  to 
MewatUe  and  entend  Into   paRiitnblp  vnb  BcObi: 

entrravd  btooki  tor 'Oay'i  FaU«<  (irrai. 'Biiaot  FbUb  ' 
{17»4), 'Bimeral  Hlnory  of  qoadmindi' {ITSOX  (bc  irtileh 
Bellby  luppliid  tbe  leUaia«n,  '  H&Uvy  of  BritUi  Ui^ ' 
[1717  and  iSM),  the  leit  bring  by  tbe  Bcv.  Ur.  Cola,  and 
■FablHof  IBKtp'  (18181,  Ui  which  he  RBI  anilled  by  Idi 
■on.  B.  E.  Bewlek  In.  v.l  anl  two  of  hie  pDpDi:  left  ud- 
a  'History  of  BriOih  Pliho.' 
;17BBJ  waa  one  ol  hl9  moot  am- 

BEWICK,  WILLIAV  (I7»R-18«ft),  portmll  and  hln- 

Ulchael  Anifela'B  Prripbetii  and  HUbyli  in  Smuie'  Chard, 
IMe-l;  MtiibiUrl  oopia  l&4(i ;  tnoli  part  in  WMtminBter 
Hnll  DonipctkUoo.  IS4B.  He  eKo^lel  In  reprodDclns 
Heniliranili.  py,  tmi 

BEWLEY,  WILLIA  11(^.1783), frteudoflJf.Bonior; 
pniclisal  niodicine  at  Miianlngbam,  Sorfoll:;  oontrlbaMil 
Uterly  to  ■  Monthly  Bevlen-,-  [Iv.  460] 

BEXFIELII,  WILLIAM  RICHAKD(!M4- IBMXrom- 
&3l:  Mui.  Sac.  OllI 


Tbe  ■OtiUliughlUE  Bi 


BEJttET,  ErstBAUij\(176e-lBJ) 

BIAircaKI.  CHARLES  (1789- 187B), . 
rish  car  «;slem  la  Ireland ;  born  aC  Tn^rolo, 


Lnd  glider  a  shop  in  C^rHck.an.Bi 
iwi^rs,  goodB,aQd  mall-bui 

I  and  rapidly  extBni__ ,  _ 
id  ■dlwn&tofO'Oeaaaa. 


it<d     andOabir 


■lOKZXXTETH.  KDWARD  (ISM-I»7).  iil«hap  of 
ini:  mew.  IW6:  M.A,  1»7«:  ordaliied  deocoii,  1B7J: 

tutsa,  J.PH.  iwa.                                  [Sappl.  L  IM] 

HODMTITH.  HENRY.  B.w.n  L.k(ii>alb  (118i- 
l»l),  muter  cH  fDlta.  brotbir  of  Rdwjuil  Blokentetli 
llMt-lWU)  [q.i.]:    nodM    P»ilcliK    1»  London  uxl 

Mbhb.  IKM  :  B.A.  uil  fEUm  ;  ullal  to  tur  u  Inn.T 

v.ll] 


SniDEK.  CIBOROE  PABKEK  (IBOe-lflKXcii 

hibltBl,  wliH- ■'-  '-■' 

IkttriR  pbedotD 

obttbid 

vtwnpli  CouipaLjv.    Hb  ooii' 
:  VLvKinii  Uocb,  LondoB. 


BntDlS,  JOHN  <iait-IS«>,  tmltadu:  UA.  Uig- 

le-Orrpt,  QlouoeiUr ;  imprimHd  iu  Qlooocfltflr  bj  parlljk- 

— — Hmm,lili  rsllglfflu  Tian  bdngoOltd  In 

L  bftil,  1646 ;  brooffht  bafon  par- 

. .  _  >t  Wtatmlulcr,  add,  takitng  pab- 

1  n<Dlii«  QMtnd  of  Ho^  Bplitt,  wh  n- 

mulid  to  prlHO,  1M7 :  Ubnatcil  on  b^  but  1000  utta- 
vwds  asiUii  cenaud  Id  Newnte :  rdeuaJ  br  daom  ot 
obllilan,  16f  I :  pobllihcd '  A  Two-Iold  OntaobWi,'  IQM, 


1  ot  OhrU,'  18US;    adopts 

,__JtUol»Erli«  ot  popul*r»OTk» 

I  clOdljF  with  gwgisphj  ud  liUWij.     [v.  JO] 
BIOIuUfD.  RALPH  (111  1-1  IMXauta-Ung-of-utna; 

ilrv  manU*.  fVillnni  of    AnoL    1TS7  !    BotbCnCt  Uld  not 

ITJl; 


[V.  IB] 
E  (IBOT-meX  «pt^ 
naoUle  mutae,  IMI ; 


^.Wootwloh  fBrd,la«4-«:  MitlT-iiiipuaQ  uid  C.B„1M7: 
knlgbted,  ISIS ;  publiahed  worla  nliUuit  to  lutil 
DMtun.  [>.  IB] 

BIDSUIPB,  Sir  TBOMAS    UYDDLRTOS  (iaci»- 
IWaXgaiBml:  llButai»iit,1" ' — '" -^-— ■--- 


almd'pri^  councillor,  IWI,  [v.  17] 
XtDBVLPH,  THOMAS    THBOENNA    (nia-ias), 
"        'I  OoUsite,  Oitort.  1787; 


ILteraTT  pntcoioii  u 


himorj  of "aioucaSo'sMra.  '  [t.  llj 

BIOHSU,  HENRY  (IBII-IUO?),  dlTi»:  B.A.  SL 
Kary'i  H»U.  Oifoid ;   rector,  1M«,  ot  St.  i'tlm-ii^Bmflf, 
OitoiA,  wlBdM  he  wu  ajBKd  lot  «»iid»loiu  cmdiut. 
V-  «] 

BIOVXLl.  Hrb.  (IMt  7-11)1).  [B«  BicnixEij,K .] 

XIOOSorBTOOD.  BmFKAN0ia(lM8-lUT>,Tebd: 
knicbtel.  t.  U*» :  idacated  at  Oxford ;  Lo  OudlMd 
Woliej'B  Kr<<«.  1(17 :  emplojid  ondsr  Thomu  Onmwdl 
In  adTudog  Hraii7  VIIl'i  nfomij  lu  Torkibin :  bund 
lor  beadUw  IniorcBitloD  at  BenrleJ  Id  cauuetioo  villi 
FltKrlnugeot  Orub  l^.tl] 

BIOOD.  HDItH.  am  EuiL  or  Kobtole  (if.  11T(  gc 


^  Blgod(il.  1107):  gDTGnuc  et 
lapi/ir.im:  took hUti put 

I :  K>^  of  NorftU  m  atqibBi 

itebQ: 
nm  Ua 

K^ol 


Iltl;  jdiHd  HouT  M  ABton'i  putyuid  taild  Inswloli 

■gftlnatBtapheUilIU,  bot  soma  jnailabmeiit «  m  Ul : 
•bowed  algni  of  boMUit;  to  Hairjr  II,  bai  jnn  In  Ui 
--»-—'—■ —  Ti".  — »— -■ — ■ — D — r'lrAduoD — ' — ' 


r,  1M9  :  bucbolDT 
of  pbj^c  IMH ;  sicluded  IrcKa  follawibip  bj  parliamm- 
IvUiu  Tlilun,  lUS-OU;  U.D.  Padus:  prwllaed  atCUird 
and  lobieqaentlj  Bl  BiDter;  Incarpanlal  1U>.  Oxford, 
WW  ;  F.O.P,  1884.  [t.  IHl 

UDLAXS,  J0Hll(17(I-iel4),dlvliuaiidpoet:  MA. 
and  DJ>.  Oiaitt  Cbnrab,  Oifonl,  18UH ;  mlnlna-  at  Btoie- 
boOH ;  cbapUdD  to  prbua  re^fait  and  Dukt  of  Olaroioe  l 
Bampioii  luturer,  1811:  alBloted  wttb  bUuducaa,  1911: 
pnbllabBl  nUKioui  and  poatlctd  worka.  [v.  19] 

BISWILL,  JOHN  OARKE  (181»-1MS). 


hli  tetber,  1171:  Hbmltled  la  Henir  U,  - 

riied  Id  HoI;  Uod,  whltJm  ha  bad  aooom| 

nandan  oa  irilgrlmage. 
I       BtOOD,  HUGH  (tf.  IIMX  ioatlzlair:  i-. „ 

Famdale  forcit,  Yorkibire.  IIU :  chW  jutlcUr,  IIU-W ; 

keepar  of  Tower  i4  Laudon,  IttH;  Ktmaat  of  Dam 

Cartla.  liK-tl.  [t.  Ml 

I  BI(K>D,  ROOSR,  BHonl  Barl  or  Nokmiji  (d.  IMl). 
I  un  of  Hagih  flnt  All  iq.  t.1 :  ateward  ol  ro^  booaaUild 

nnder  Richard  1 ;  ambaiaador  to  Pblltp  of  Fraaoe  to 
!  armogacruHde:  jutUolBr after lUiihani'i retoni :  luaUio 
I  Itinerant  In  Norfolk :  anjoynl  Jobn'i  (anini  nntU  lilt, 

wben  be  wat  ImprlioDed :  reteaafldan'  — '-"^  '-  "^ 


[T. IB] 

),  NIOHOLAS(l(7»-1tt9>.    [SeeBi 

Jl  ( lBta-l«W),  poat  and  jonmal- 

IreUnd  "  Downabire  Proteatuit ' :  returned  and 
dltor  aud  pjoprietoruT  'UlTentoa  AdTertlser,' 
Hlinuiat  Importaat  poem. '  NIgbt  and  tbeSool' 


niOQ,  WILLIAM  HBDMOBX  (ITe^IM^X  palutn : 
pupd  ot  Bdwaid  Peony,  ILA. :  entered  Aoademy  Kbooli 

irra;  r.a.,h!m.  [i.w] 

XIOeAS,  JOSBPH  01LLI3  (IRH-ISMX  IHab  poll, 
"■' '  '  D  merobaol  at  BelfaaC,  IMl-M:  (own 


lolnad  tKnma  at^abut  John,  HIS.  [v.  M] 

BIOOD,  ROGER,  fourth  Bam.  (ir  Koarout  li.  I. 

jitial  of  Bnglanl:  gnmdaoii  ol  itogtr  BIcod,  as 

'  [q.  v.] ;  knlRhiol.  ItlJ  ;  head  of  eommlaitaa  ot  )aa- 


""^V. »] 
BI(K>D,  ROOER,  Attb  ElRI.  or  Kdhfolk  (1H«-1IUCX 
tahal  of  Bniland :  Km  of  Hagb  Blgod  (d.  llse)  [q.  t.]  : 
tmO,  witli  Earl  ot  Herefoid,  to  lam  In  QaaoMiT  a>- 
Bdwaid  1,  inf.  and,  on  tbe  Ung^  da- 


without  natMoal  a 
at  Otunt,  ISM:  gara 

BiaSBY.  JOHN  JBRBMIAH  (ITM-IKI),  SMteM: 
UJ>.  Slinburgti,  1S14:  army  medloal  oBeir  at  Olfa, 


.    -laTlsiit 

I'a  rod,  IWL       f.  Ml 

I  (ITM-IKI),  SMteM: 

^  medloal  oBeir  at  0am, 

in  gwlagTCir  Uppo-  Oaoada, 


r.  OoologloBl  BocWnr, 
iu  at  Newark,  llttf- 


lor  co-Oavau,  1S7«  tlU  datli:  lo<»i  Iiiib  Republics 
Brotberbood  <tbe  Fenlana),  187t,  and  baoMW  Btember  t 
,,  ■-^twaaBipeUedfrwntbebodj,lB77,fo 


aupnraeeo 
refuting  to 


BIQBBT,  ROBERT  (1806-1879).  antiquary 


atoned  Itiab  poUc;,  1B8D-1;  nneDded  for  diHidarli 
oondaoe,U81:  te  waa  one  of  tbe  Irlih  poUliclana  -wbtm 
eouduct  wai  iDTeatlgated  daring  tbe  Paniell  ooaimiialoiL 
1887 :  be  adopted,  witb  conatderable  incDeaa,  froui  l«li.  t 
pcMas  of  parliamentary  ■  obatructlon.'  [SuppL  L  Iti] 
naLABS,   JOHN    (lfH-1831), 


Uabed  bUtorlcal, 

nUquarlsu.  and  otbei  worka. 

f.;r 

wltb  gold  and  gaua  tbe  •  Durham  Book,"  a  man 
the  goipela  now  la  Oottoalu  Ubnuy. 

K-R- 

BILL,  ROBB 
the  army,  hilt  o« 
pBriutta:  origiua 

RT  (17M-18WX  luTenbw:  eduoatad  Eur 
t».«81 

ZtUDS,    ABDSISJlLD 


..  I    <IT»1-IM1).    p 

UB.  lUBto  at^t,  DofaUa.  IBll;  UJ>^  181 

[  I   I '  oomi,  iBU:  rx):p,  laii, 

rfT»Hliii.tMI.Md 


:  knlRhUil, 

el-iamn  of  Hus'a  liLiidb.  Itss  Ull 
[T.  31] 

StnXCfOHAM.     RIO  HARD 
'    ,t  MorliHi  OdUige.  Ox- 


tl«^bacb,l«M:  c 


OHonot  fivhua' (IM*)>  'BucuU  uvl  BnlnlvUciil 
AuMltatf  Bgotknd'  (lUl-IU  ud  Dthct  work' :  n- 
na  J— Dj  taBaiaat  dd  boMlag^ln  BiiKlanJ  iinrt  Com- 
tad.  [■■  33] 

',  an  HE4BY  (d.  IBOn),  lonl  miTor 


mtbsr-ln-liw  o(  KlUnbetli  BllUnitton 
1  Kofil  SwM;  □!  Uunlclaiu.  IT?;: 


BUBOS,  THOMAS  I 


uidoC  Wincbsil 


«L  [V.  4UJ 

UJ1,  jci<^ji^i^iH/-iaiG),bUhopor  WtpcbffMr; 
,v— ^  m  WlncbHitH-  (lid  \e>T  CpUege.  Oifotd ;  «.A, 
'ot  D-D_  Ithl ;  prebavlary  of  WlnclitAH-.  aod  WHrdoi 
WlnoliatB  CoUqie.  It7is:  Dliliap  ot  Woroaifr.  ttW, 
.  _.  !■.,__.._._..  ..„,     potiiijiioil  nticioiu  mrkL 

[I.  4tl 
WILLIAM  (d.  i;i3X  d«o  at  LIchiIdd: 
-a  Collate,  OimhrW^  laU:  (etlov  ot 
.A-,  la7S;  prvbdidfiry  of  LliicoUi.  IMt, 
ud  of  liJcbfleld,  IBM;  D.D.,  ISM;  dew  gf  LlohfleU, 
iros.  [v.  «] 

BINSLXT.  CHARLEa.  biowii  u  Uarhi  Kieuvkh 
(17»>-1U9>,qwrUiiKwriltri  publiBlial  urorta  on  iponlog 
subpsU.  bioliidliuc  h  nvLflal  Hud  forrwlol  flliUOD  dC 
Delkben  BUIiu'i  '  auc;i>li>iMdU  of  Rani  SpocU.'  IMl. 

BDRILKY.    JAHSS    (ir»7-lt""    ' — ■■    —"-•—■ 


tntaatar,  john.  uk  mb  (isn-uih),  non- 

■Unodn  diTlH:  (dacsMa  >t  HL  Jobn't  OoUcm.  Cim- 
MIb:  Mknr  oC  Oorna  OhrlNI  OoUegc  Oirnnl.  IMS: 
hWTOnul B.A_ ItW:  uloMB-BtCliHUrttU;  a)«tai, 
'"-  '  -  dtDpnaali  In  prlnlc;  pabllilial  oao- 

B  iJlRtatt  WOrb.  [V.  U] 

,    ro^.JllB  _Jouni(«    (1M7-17WX 

u-i, — 1  itTii»  St  ObHtcrdfld.  BbcOelil,  Belium, 

—     '-■'    -t  OmloLed    FriBrs   (17M): 


^  RaUibuij  Id  ogomtkoiot  liei.'  1718.  17T1. 
uiiov.  HauilitAd  tbeRflir^  JohtiUutohiiuLiiDoinpLUnir 
1  ■Hmocy  ol  Domtahln,'   ud   pubUitaal   nUgldoa 


STSS 


,  XARTIH  (/.  t(IB-lM7),  wrlUiw- 
FHdoc  ObuiH :  pablLibid  ■  Tbe  Vta 

DtUgliVWia.        [».»] 

rr.  NIOHOLAS  (1U1-17WX  P>>«  "<d 

n  at  EUn  UDd  Itcrtna  OoUqte.  Oxford; 

1  ViDb^;  ilectal.  l«n:   kniC  Kbool  it 
'    d  liibur  of  BUamtr  in  pufih  ot 


tUjD.  Iggg-U;  luoonled  to 
prsmtatlvB  pcor  of  Irelsod 
Uafo.  Wtt ;  nuior-gnunU 
dlTlilon  in  wnay  in  Turkey, 
liwij  brigulB  ,!"■■- 


iiSr;, 


igbt  bilgille 


,   KLIZABETH    (17M-1818X   Hoger: 

VrtUpal  (miM  U  Ub  Klm^  TtaHM;  Knlial  nmdo 
■i>  bv  inbir  ud  ashneUri  ■pptand  McoanrtU 
Diliad.  17R:   nHTW  'i-r-  inp^p™,  doabk  baa 

"■ ~ ■'-—  "~i:  (DfHid  at  Ogroit  Qardan, 

m  Bi^lBi  *l  Puii,  irM,aDd 


.   [Suppl.  1. 
OUT    (1777 
n  Carala.  1719  :  HTal  Ic 


;  a.OB^  IMB ;  1 

am)ot-gtaaul]  i 

MOA  In  KatllT  warn  iHuu  ;  major,  ihul  ;  ueii 
of  Ind  battalion  Uid  loot  In  Inland.  ISOS : 

18M-U!  knlgbtid:  brlKadlo^gmsal  [u  t „ 

Kit ;  <wmininiliid  Cork  dlittlat,  1U7-J9.  [t.  17] 

BnaEUt,  JOHN  (l«OT~la»  ),  iioDconfamilil  <11t1oi  ; 
iduiatad  at  St.  Jobn'i  (Mkic  Cambrtdre :  bsd-maii«r 
Ln  fRB  lohiHd,  Derbj;  Ttoar  ot  Uantou-iipoD-Dcnv, 
DntiTihin;  t)H>t«d.  1h9.  subiequnillj  laffulag  ood- 
~"      ""  '"       aialital  Waltno  wlUi  hli  Ki«at 

^■47] 


BINGHAM 


104 


BDrGEAX,  J06EPH  (1668-1723),  divine ;  B.A.  Uni- 
versity Oollege,  Oxford,  1688;  fellow,  1689;  withdrew 
from  university,  being  unjiutly  charged  with  preaching 
impious  and  heretical  doctrines,  1696 ;  collated  to  living 
of  Havant,  171S  ;  lost  m<»iev  In  South  Sen  Bubble :  pub- 
lished *0riglne8  BccIeKiasncA,'  or  'Antiqaities  of  the 
Ohristian  Ohoroh,*  10  vols^  1708-92,  and  other  works 
relating  to  ecclesiaatioal  history  and  doctrine,      [v.  48] 

BZNOHAX,  MABGAUET,  OouNTEBS  of  Lucan 
(d,  1814X  amateur  painter:  married,  1760,  Sir  Oharles 
Bingham  (created  Earl  of  Lucan,  1796) ;  qMnt  many  years 
in  embellishment  of  Shakespeare's  historical  plays.  Her 
miniatures  were  extravagantly  praised  by  Horace  Wal- 
pole.  [v.  50] 

BnrOKAH,  PBREQRINB.  the  elder  (1714-1826), 
biographer  and  poet :  B.O.L.  New  CJoUoge,  Oxfoid,  1780 ; 
rector  of  Berwick  St.  John,  Wiltshire,  1817 ;  publLnhed 
memoirs  of  his  father,  Gkorge  Bingham  [q.  v.]    [v.  51] 

BZKOKAH,  PEREGRINE,  the  younger  (1788-1864X 
legal  writer:  >on  of  Peregrine  Bingham  (1751-1826) 
[q.  v.] :  B.A.  Magdalen  Oollegc,  Oxford,  1810 ;  called  to 
bar  at  Middle  Temple,  1818;  for  many  years  legal 
reporter ;  published  1^^  works.  [v.  61] 

BDTOKAH  or  BTKGHAX,  Sir  RIOHARD  (1528- 
1699X  governor  of  Ooonaught;  served  in  Scotland  under 
Somerset,  1547,  at  St.  Quentin,  1557,  in  expedition  against 
OaUisles  of  Scotland,  1558,  under  Don  John  of  Austria 
against  Turks,  in  conquest  of  Oyprus,  1572,  in  Low 
Cioantries,  1573,  and  under  Dutch  flag  against  Spaniards, 
1578;  knighted  and  appointed  governor  of  Goiinanght, 
1584;  rigorously  suppressed  Oonnanght  rebeUion,  1586; 
temporarily  recalled  to  take  part  in  war  in  Netherlands, 
1587-8 :  repressed  O'Roorke's  revolt,  1590-1 ;  imprisoned 
in  Fleet  on  charge  of  exercising  undue  severity,  1596; 
returned  to  Ireland  as  marshal,  1598.  [v.  52] 

BZKOHAK,  RIOHARD,  the  elder  (1765-1858X divine; 
educated  at  Winchester  and  New  Ck>llege,  Oxford ;  B.A., 
1787 ;  D.O.L.,  1801 ;  prebendary  of  Chichester,  1807  ;  im- 
prisoned at  Winchester  for  fraud,  1813,  and  published 
vehement  protestation  of  innocence ;  issued,  1829,  third 
edition  of  *  Origines  Boclesiastion,*  published  by  his  an- 
cestor, Joseph  Bingham  [q.  v.]  [v.  53] 

BZKGHAX,  RICHARD,  the  younger  (1798-1872X 
divine ;  son  of  Richard  Bingham  (1765-1858)  [q.  v.] ; 
MJL  Magdalen  Hall,  Oxford,  1827;  vicar  of  Queen- 
borough,  isle  of  Sbeppey,  1856-70;  published  writings 
relaUng  to  liturgical  revision,  and  an  edition  of  works  of 
Joseph  Bingham  [q.  v.]  [v.  64] 

BOrOLXT,     Barok     (1676-1731).      [See     Bskson, 

ROBKRT.] 

BIKGLZT,  WILLIAM  (1774-182SX  misoeUaneous 
writer ;  M.A.  St.  Peter's  College,  Cambridge,  1803 ; 
minister  of  Fitaeroy  chapel,  Charlotte  Street,  London, 
1816-23;  F.L.S.:  published  works  on  various  subjects, 
including  topography  and  natural  history.  [v.  55] 


or  BTNHAM,  SIMON  (/.  1335),  chro- 
nicler ;  monk  of  priory  of  Binham,  Norfolk ;  assisted  in 
opposing  exactions  of  Hugh,  abbot  (1308-26)  of  St.  Al- 
bans; said  to  have  contributed  to  *  Chronicle  of  Ris- 
hanger.'  [v.  56] 

BnfHAK  or  BTITHAX,  WILLIAM  (yf.  1370X  prior 
of  Wallingf ord ;  D.D.  Oxford,  where  he  was  for  a  time 
intimate  with  Wyolifle,  against  whom  he  afterwards 
Mrrote  *  Contra  PoBiUones  Wiclevi.'  [v.  56] 

BINNSHAH,  HENRY  (<2.  1583).    [See  Btnnehan, 

HXNRT.] 


...^«.«.*.  BDWARD  WILLIAM  (1812-1881X  geo- 
logist :  practised  as  solicitor  in  Manchester  from  1836 ;  a 
founder  and  first  honorary  secretary  of  Manchester  Geo- 
logical Society :  president,  1857-9  and  1865-7 ;  member  of 
London  Geological  Societv,  1853;  F.R.S.,  1866;  wrote 
many  papers  on  geologioaL.  subjects,  of  which  Sigillaria 
was  among  the  most  important.  [v.  56] 


BZHinET,    THOMAS 
divine ;  apprenticed  to  a  Newcastle  bool 


(1798-18741     nonconformist 
iksdler:  studied  at 


theological  seminary  at  Wymondley,  Hertfordshire :  pastor 
of  St  James's  Street  chapel,  Newport,  Isle  of  Wight,  1824, 
and  congregation  at   Weigh  House,  London,  1889-69; 


acquired  high  reputation  as  preacher;  visited  Australia, 
1857 :  LL.D.  Aberdeen,  1852 ;  on  two  occasions  he  was 
elected  chairman  of  the  Ckmgregational  Union  of  England 
and  Wales ;  wrote  polemical  works  and  verse  of  a  rel^ons 
character.  [v.  57] 

BimnVG,  Lord  (1697-1738).  [See  Hamilton, 
Charles.] 

BnnraVG,  HUGH  (I627-I653),  SoottUh  divine: 
M.A.  Glasgow ;  profesmr  of  philosophy,  1647-51 ;  Uoensed 
minister ;  called  to  parish  of  Govan,  near  Glasgow,  1649 ; 
ordained,  1650 ;  sided  with  protesters  against  resolotlonen, 
and  took  prominent  part  In  dispute  before  Oomw«a  at 
Glasgow,  1651 ;  published  reUgious  works.  [v.  69] 

BZHVS,  Sir  HBNRT  (18S7-1899X  prime  minister  of 
Natal ;  went  to  Natal,  1858 ;  conducted  sugar  estate  at 
Riet  River,  1860,  and  floated,  1868,  Umhlanga  Yallej 
Sugar  Estate  Ck>mpany,  of  which  he  was  general  manager 
till  1892 ;  nominee  member  of  legislative  council,  1879,  and 
was  member  for  Victoria  county,  1883-99 ;  prime  minis- 
ter of  Natal,  1897;  colonial  secretary  and  minister  of 
agriculture,  1897,  but  soon  resigned  latter  portfolio; 
advocateil  and  (1898)  brought  about  entrance  of  Natal 
into  South  African  customs  union ;  K.C.M.G.,  1898. 

[SappU  L  198] 

BIHN8,  JOHN  (;1772-1860X  journalist  and  poUtidan; 
engaged  as  plumber  in  I^ondon,  1794 ;  member  of  London 
Oorrespondhig  (Company;  connected  with  schamea  of 
United  Irishmen  ;  in  prison,  1798-1801 ;  went  to  Amiaica, 
1801 :  edited  sucoessivdy  *  Republican  Argus '  and  *  Demo- 
cratic Press.*  [V.  60] 

BOnrOir,  EDWARD  (ISSO  ?-1876Xland8oape  painter : 
contributed  to  exhibitions  of  Royal  Academy  and  Dodley 
(}aUery,  1857-76.  [v.  61] 

BIOVBI,  Sir  GIOVANNI  FRANOESOO  (1672-1644X 
historian;  bomatLesina,  in  Gulf  of  Venice;  secretary  to 
Venetian  ambassador  at  Paris ;  came  to  England,  1609 ; 
represented.  James  I  at  Calvinist  assembly,  Grenobte, 
1615 ;  knighted,  1622 ;  gentleman  of  Mug's  privy  chamber : 
died  at  Aubonne,  Switaerland ;  publi^ied  in  Italian  at 
Venice  three  romances  and  a  work  on  the  Wars  of  the 
Roees,  which  ail  appeared  in  English  translations. 

[V.  61] 

BXBOE,  CHARLES  BELL  (1832-1893),  soolptor,  son 
of  Jonathan  Birch  [q.  v.] ;  studied  at  school  of  desigii, 
Somerset  House,  and  at  Roral  academies,  Berlin  and 
London ;  assistant  to  John  Henry  Folqr  tQ  ▼•] :  ^*^on 
premium  from  Art  Union  of  London  for  *  wood  Nymph,* 
1864 ;  exhibited  at  Burlington  House  from  1864;  A.RJL, 
1880 ;  produced  bronze  *  Grii&n '  on  Temjde  Bar  memorial. 
Fleet  Street,  1880;  his  works  inolade  a  statue  of  Lord 
Beaoonsfield  at  Liverpool,  and  statues  of  Queen  ViotoriA 
at  Aberdeen  and  Ood^ypore,  India.  [SnppL  L  199] 

BIRGH,  JAMES  (>I.  1759-1796X  heresiarDh:  watoh- 
motion  maker  in  London ;  joined  Muggletonians,  e.  1759, 
but  rejected  part  of  th^  doctrine,  1772 ;  began  to  claim 
persomil  inspiration,  1778 ;  published  thecdogioal  works. 

[V.  62] 

BntOH,  JOHN  (1616-1691X  presbyterlan  ookmel: 
merchant  in  Bristol;  after  surrender  of  Bristol  to 
royalists,  levied  regiment  in  London  and  served  asooland 
under  Sir  William  Waller ;  wounded  at  Arondd  r  present 
at  battle  of  Alresfbrd,  blockade  of  Oxford,  and  sldrmiah 
atCropredy  Bridge ;  entrusted  with  care  of  Bath ;  assisted 
in  assault  on  Bristol,  1645,  which,  latenr,  was  given  Into  hii 
charge;  took  Hereford  and  became  its  governor;  MJP. 
for  Leominster ;  opposed  extreme  measores  of  Crom- 
wellians ;  imprisoned  at  Hereford,  1654-6 :  took  prominent 
part  In  Restoration ;  member  of  council  of  sUtte,  1640 ; 
auditor  of  excise;  M.P.  for  Leominster  in  Convention 
parliament,  Penrhyn,  1671-8,  and  for  Weobly,  1678-91. 

[V.  62] 

BXBOE,  JOHN  ri745  ?-1816X  surgeon ;  served  as  sur- 
geon in  army,  and  afterwards  seUled  in  Loodoa;  sorgeon 
to  St.  Thomas's  Hospital,  1784-1815;  surgeon  extraor- 
dinary to  prince  regent;  advocated  use  of  deotricity  at  a 
remedial  agent,  and  opposed  introduction  of  vaocinatiQii ; 
published  medical  works.  £v.  64] 

BXBOE,  JONATHAN  (1783-1847X  translator  of 
*  Faust* ;  in  office  of  John  Argelander,  a  timber  merchant 
at  Meroel  (with  whom,  in  1807,  the  three  eldest  sons  of 
Frederick  William  III  of  Prus8i»  took  Ktiige^  laOS-lS; 


adt;hUd'<1IW)  wigUwmaet  siuoiwtuL.  [v.  en 

[.  BAMU&L  |lBI3-IBBl),eio'pUil<wiat;  inuul- 
miKl  Blnb  [q.  i.]:  oldQital  nc  Mercbut 
Dboid,  TbBalw  nodlri  OIiIihh:  atend  kt- 

ImIhiiii«  «f  pabUo  nconU,  IBM;  wdnut 

HBt  ol  uHqDlCiM  1b  BHUib  VoHiim.  ISM, 


rf  OliBltkl   utlqiiltla 

■e:  taiBlBl  BocMt  tt  Mbtlcal  Anlunlonr,  IBTO, 
■^  -wm  finiUKt,  Un>-8I ;  LL.D.  A.badan,  IMt,  h^ 
Ckl^IUc^  IBTI 1  iXnX.  OilOnl,  ISM :  linxnrjr  hllov 
d  Qonl  OuIlK^  OitonI :  Rale  lectnnr  ■(  Cuiibrid«e, 
'"■'"  "i*  pnblisbtfl  tiwi-'^lKtEcHU  from  DrIealaL  wrltloKH 


mCH.  THOMAS  (in»-17«B).  iXdiic;  rtaua  a 
mtiw.  sin,  ins,  UwidI«l-VFlft«7.  FemlirolK  (i 
itHsnl  ITU,  BiUiBKlin.  «"  Ctrmnsrtcr.  ITU,  St 
MtahM,  Wood  BMwt,  Lmdon,  1;m.  at  MBrmret  Pstton. 


T.S2.  u^   T&i-,  ITU :   •Knlan'  o[   Rojnl   Society. 
17)3-41 ;    twqnemtbBd  blftoiicul  oi 
iciipU  u   the  Brlllili    MuKoni 

ii)dCHttcal-(l'W-*l>- 
mOH,  THOMAS 


!D1.LE  (<f.  IWR).  1l 
m  RHlnUelil.  ms :  w 


ini  In  Pbil* 


nhin ;  racwlFBl 
C..  7U1 


.    JOHN    (/.    WS4-1BT1K 

Und  [I  tmaiit  <^  B^  <*  KUdim,  mid  •Rerwunlg  tnnirht 
Hi  •M  in  Louden ;  pnpBRd  notH  for  a  work  op  tbe 
BtOmMlcallwIioIniiHlc.  [v.  70] 

mOHnonW,    RTEFHBN   <A    »»).   hMorl»l 
■Tltot  moalt  of  Cbriiit  Chnrvh,  Caiiterbatf,  13M;  treq- 


[V. 


^'i    WILLIAM  (Itll-lflBl).     [Sk  ACffTTN, 

w»jTwnw  BDION  (IM^IUtX  [UTise:  SjL 
()«^nilhR,OifDrd.l«(H;  B.D..Ial<;  iloir  ol OIlllnR, 
■d  Dt  moM,  mr  Rlobnmd,  Yart^hlre,  1II7 ;  pob:Ubal 
<■£;«>  .TJclu.  [I.  71] 

nU.  OBAKLBS  aUlTH  (17M-IH3X  tUTlDe: 
tmM  tf  coDTnuiciiitl  Klloitor.  UmiwDl.  IBlt; 
'Miv«(THnit;ODlI«n.CBmbrld(K.1818:  fellow,  IKfii: 


QaltiBbomi^b,  and  pnbeolArj  of  I 


inuL    "The  FlcM  o 

I,  FRA.N01B  (IB«T- 


10  Qm  Otasr- 

.•tnuUtnd  hto 

[v.ni 


imluooi  with  maw  ™d»-,  »qd  «w  Mr™tl«  ^«s. 

SIBI>,JOHN<J.  1UlJXlV*>iup:  OKrmeliU  trlu;BJl. 
Oxford,  lalo:  D-D,,  1613;  iinjvinulAlDMi]^  order,  ItlV-IP, 
ntbl  Ifiii-S ',  xalTngan  to  UiUop  of  UaDjiiir,wlUiUUeat 
Ijitbop  of  PcnrlUi.  1AI7  ;  BcoompoDLDl  WotloD  on  emteHj 
UOennuiy.  1(9*:  bliliapot  Qaoirar,  III9.  andol  Otamcr. 
IMl:  deprived  of  bb  bidioprli'  on  neoouut  of  hli  being 
nurrial.  ItM ;  iDftn^o  ut  Bonner,  biaLop  of  London, 
UM:  leftreUgioiuvnEliviUiuuiiiLieoript.         [t.  78] 

Biail.  JOHN  (1T[«-I77ex  DiMtliemuttoil  bHtrnment 
mnkvr;  employed  by  Linton,  Ln  Loiiilou,  Ui  uiakLn^  malb^ 
tuBtEcolliutratDaiU,  1T4U;  carried  mi  biii^lueee indepeod- 


BIRD.HOl 


[T.  78] 


.TJlBRniNSflTRS-iafSKBf 

13-41 ;  returned  lo  Eiurlaod,  16 

EL  [fi.  leoax  divines  U.A.  Qnemi* 
^  IB71 ;  fellDV-,  CDrpiu  CllrilU  CtiOtgl, 
of  SI.  PeUr'j.  Ip»wieh.  e.  KBO-HM: 
.  Onlnrd,    iguB;    pabllihed   nOMooi 

[»T?B] 
AM(li3S7-l«M).     IB«I)T1U).] 

ansTniF 

1810.  kjid  al  BroAdway,  Worc«atortl 
ol  C^mterbury,  18J1 :  re-elivud.  la 
of  Benedictines  In  linKlaiul,  ■ml  mt 
cbffiler,  IttH  ;  abbot  of  Weetmloeler,  1UI>.  [Iv.  7>] 

BIBUfUS,  Sunt  {d.  flio),  Bnt  biebop  of  DorcUeMer ; 

many  opnierta  to  ObrlsHnnl'tj :  bisliop  ot  Dun:'bw[«r,  SU, 
[T.  80] 
BIBXBEOK,  QEonoE  <177e-IS11|,  lotindcr  of  nw- 
otianlci'  loitltationi ;  M.D.  Ediobiir^rb.  i;a>:  nnfiaer 
of  nntoral  pbllonpby.  Andereouian  UnlrenAitj,  GUigow, 
1791t:e;UibUibed.  IBUU.Iarn'Drkioemeo  atGlugo«,cbap 
eoiirtB  of  Icuturee  on  jfierm,  wt,lrh  di'»eloped  into  tbe 
'&liUi(ow  Uecliuuos'   Innluiuuit,'  Wii:    pnotixd  u 


prlaovn,  Trfultj  OoUec*-  Ounbrldn. 
Tloar  o<  Trinllr  Otaunh,  CknlnlilgB.  IM 

bridge,  IK 


.  ^_ J  phlloaopbT,  Obd>- 

Hli  work!  hialiila  'T)M  Bltals  ud  Holcni 
~   Uodan  DtlUluiiudul,'  1BT4. 


. I,  JOHK(l81«.18M),i 

Ed  BohjeUenip'i  'OUalwuB  of  llnl  sti 
vnd  A  deep  ird  iCar  Ln  Ojhikin  wlilch 


anaas,  albxamder  (i 

Mned'nTS  o(  'PilUrk  AdTe 
Uberal,-  wUcb  m 


[■.Ml 


T.M] 


BIRSB,  Bm  BIOHARD  <1F«U  t-iial).  polloc  nuKie 

DHtkei'H  boilneni  <d  Hnymnrlwt.  Loivlon:  pdlco  nugli 
tnU  It  UnloD  Hall  uid  jiiLmhiucuUj  at  Bow  StneC 
knigbtad,  ISII.  [>.  M] 

BOnB.  WILLIAH  (IHt-lei>).  ScoUlih  illrlnc 
MJ.  St.  IsBurl*!  Onlian,  at.  Aodrmm  i««-  t-™™ 
■at^  Tiflir  of  lAiurk^ 


■^HBMt«r 

1(01;  dam 
pmbiteTT. 

ItlQ  audit 


dam  o(  Ohspel  Royal,  IS 


Itlt. 


[   el  tiigb 


aod  alnuhtxiH 
LCdeniloro 

"  "[■.HI 


H  (d.  USX    [S«  BviutlTi 

BDtBSL,  BOBBBTC*.  lee7-1«ueX  dlarKt :  harina 

i<  Bdlstnrgh  ;  wraCe  a  lUatj,  1M3-Ig<ll,  putillslial  li 

TngiBBitB  ot  Soottlib  HUtoiji'  liM.  [v.  lu] 

HSB7arBIBBIB,MATHANlBL<1«M-le«5),di<lue 
ILA.  Oliriit  Ghunh,  Oilaril.  1I6U :  D,1)_  loeu ;  recUr  d 
[•one  Kelfonl,  1«S0 :  dapilvnl  as  uoii;u[tir,  lilliu ;  wrob 

.... . j^  jgj 


SnOOB,  JOHN  (d.  lVri\  parlbm  dlrtoc :  B.A.  New 
[na  HilL  Onford,  l«fr :  mlnliwr  ot  St.  Tbomai'i.  Smtb- 
inik:e|NlaJ,l«Oi|iabU>bulreUgloiuu.orkL  [>.!»] 

I.   IT48),  dirbic:    dllHiitlll« 
<n  OuCrloh.  Loudon,  irar: 


s,  IJis. 


r,  17a«-8:  t 


[T.W] 


BIBSOP.  ANN  (ISlt-lSM),  ai^nuD  sluntr; 
HivU>re;  Btudunt  of  Rojal  Aoademy  of  Uiislc,  lbS4^ 
marrtei  Sir  Hmry  Rowley  Ulabop  [q.  •,],  lall :    1 


trauunr.  iaw-(7:  preaklent,  Iwr  and  IftH:  F.K&, 
IMS ;  lello*  or  Sopiely  or  Art* ;  on  oonaall  of  Unlieratty 
OollegF,  Lomlon ;  ereoted.  ISBfl,  aa  DtneiTatorT  near  hto 
nsldence  at  BoutbTilla,  HegTDt-fl  Park,  win*  Bn.  Wllllun 


IP,  fllH  BEKRT  RaWLRYdTae'lUfXmiid 


idUoai. 


crof  PbUbi 
Klng-i  Tttrntn,  Hv 


yoallke  It,'  IBM;  origin 
olety,  IHIS;  uiuloal  il' 
market,  IBia-IT;  Hie  i 

KFoi  dnrUiff  lAit ;  adi 
prodooel '  Aliddin ' 
^Oberui'  Kt  Oonnt  Irajooi,  lan^  vnxe  DHiBir  nv 
■FaiHtui'lDoaUaboratloD  irlth  Omke  and  Bon,  ISK, 
'Hamlet.' law, 'KsDUwartli-  aod  'Wanrln,'  IStl,  ud 
'LoTC'i  Latwir'iIiaiC.'lHa.and'Fortanalialilei'toiato- 
bratg  Qneea  VIoloria'i  miirrla«c  IMO !  Buiihial  dlnaMr 
al  TuiihaU  OudHu,  lglO-l:  Uiu.  Bwi.  Oifiiri,  ISM; 
proftnDT  of  hamuny.  RoyKl  Academy  ot  Hoita :  BiU 
Profnaar  at  Bdlntiargh,  IHI-I ;  HudiietBl  Antlmt  Om- 
oert(.lS10-S:  knighted.  18U  :  profesHr  ol  mode.  0»- 
lonl,  ISM:  Hoi.  Doc.,  IStS.  HI*  tame  rata  almoirt  m- 
Uiely  on  bis  Klea.  [i.  All 

BISHOP,    JQBH   (iefi(~1737X    miHlnl    uoipiMr! 
tsciiET  of  eLorlsten  It  King's  Oellwe.  Caoibhdge.  ItM: 

onraiilet  and   nuaUr  of  cborUlera,   lTi«.    Wbicbi  ~ 
«na|K«llianii  i>i  Dinim«.-rlpt. 

BISHOP.  JOKH  (17a7-ISIS>.  <inrg 
Qcorge'd  Hospital  -.  obtalnaJ  dLplamu  ' 
r^rgeoum  im  i  teuior  lurgton,  lellngt4ni 
■lUtnoD  Nortbern  and  St.  Pan 

BISHOP,  SAMUEL 


[V.M] 


Uerabaot  Taylon'  Scbool 


Ooll^feiC 

■:  p'rA, 

[t.  >I] 

(1T3)-17M),  poet;  educated  at 
and  St.  Jotan'i  College.  Oxford ; 


if  DittoD,  Ket 


.  and  St. 


J  (iiM-iaaj).  cBiiioJl 
lied  at  Oifofl  ami  at  EogUeh  notice.  Rbeliiu :  or- 
■dprlct,  UH3:  iolnd  Enalieb  mi»lDii:  ImpilaoMa 


D  (A  iwi).  divine: 


Hlf  ■  PlwrHugii  i-ontra  Bga 

BIBBS,  PRILIP  (iefi7- 
(ducaUM  at  WinnhMUr  OB-I 

Hud  Henfonl,  1711 ;  pi^UalH 


107 


BliAOK  ADDER 


THOMAS  (d.  17S1X  divine :  yoooger  braitwr 
«<  Philip  BiBW  [q.  ▼.]:  MA.  Oorpos  ObriBti  OoUege,  Ox- 
ted,  IflM;  IXDL,  ITU:  imndier  at  RoU«  ohapel,  1716; 
m»^w*matmm  ec  Herefoid,  1716;  prebendary  of  Hereford, 
mi ;  polilkfaiA  nligioae  worka.  [t.  98] 


OHARLBB    (in7-179U    phyrician    and 
:  atodled  nedioineat  Jblinbmrgh ;  Moond 
nr  hnapttal,  Jamaica,  1740;  eerred  in 
▲darfial  TcnoBli  deafc;  ictomed  to  Bngjand,  174A ;  en- 
iB4teiHlglilaiMleft,1746:  pieparea  reports  of  pro* 
I  of  iiegs  of  Bemn^tp-Zoom ;  engineer-extraordinary 
is  oifianr    brivMue;   practised  medicine  at  Skdton, 
TetteUie:  p">*M«t»^  works  on  fortification  and  on  medi- 

[T.W] 


,  JAMXB(176ST-18nX  artist,  pabllsher,  and 

viiter:  establishwl  moseam  and  cariosity  shop  at 

»f»>'^»"« :  eotned  medals  and  praotised  as  miniature 

fsnej  painter :  opened  moseam,  new»>room,  and  pio- 

Ubkj  aft   T.a^wifaigtn«,  1811.      His  pablioations 

*ftet&e  Sorrey  roond  Birmingham  *  (1800)  and 

of  vene.  [▼.  luO] 


ofOosipliie 


,  ««..»»  (179B-187SX  scholar:  edncated  at 
OoHsge  and  university,  Aberdeen ;  D  J).,  1851 ; 
oontrol  of  private  school  kept  by  his  fisther,  and 
teaching  abUity,  181S :  minister  at 
Abevdesnshire,  1896;    moderator  of  general 
of  ehnich  of  BooCland,  1868.  [v.  100] 

;  Bn  JOHN  (1777-18MX  oonmiissaiy-general ; 

in  Spain,  1811 ;  knight  commander 

,  1880;  IL03.,  1850;  pablished  a  work 

[V.  101] 


.,  or  BZ88AET,  PBTBR  (d.  IUS\ 
law :  studied  at  St.  Andrews,  Flaris, 
;  ULD.,  and  sobaeqoently  professor  of  canon 
;  wrote  two  worlcs  in  Latuu  [v.  101] 

BOBKRT  (1759-1805),  historian;    LLJ).; 
of  an  aoademy  m  Bloane  Street,  Ohelsea.    His 
indode  a  lite  of  Barke  (1798)  and  a  'Histonr  of 
Qeeege  m  *  (1804)l  [v.  101] 


.,  WILLIAM  (d,  1747X  divine;  edooated  at 
and  Trinity  College,  Oambridge;  B.A., 
1«0;  reotor  of  Whiston,  1897;  elder  brother  of  St. 
GUtartBc^  Ooikviate  (Thoroh,  1699;  pablished,  1710, 
Rpiy  to  Dr.  Saeheverdl's  sermon  of  5  Nov.  1709,  oooasiou- 
isg  paa^khlet  war  to  which  he  largdy  contriboted ;  obap- 
Ua  to  QoBcn  Caroline.  [v.  lOS] 


\  WILLIAM (1758-1884X  Irish  bishop;  edu- 
€iiid  St  Westminster  and  Christ  Charch,  Oxford ;  B.A., 
ini;lLA.,  178S:  DJ).;  reotor  of  Danbin,  co.  Loath, 
ITiM;  preboadary  of  Armagh,  1791-1807  ;  archdeacon  of 
Bon,  1804 :  chanoeUor  of  Armagh,  1817 ;  bishop  of 
Bipta,  isn.  [v.  1U3] 

KX,  AKGKL  id,  1695X  Franciscan  friar ;  chaphiin 
to^WBkh  smbasssilfw  in  London  in  James  11*8  relfm ; 

[V.  103] 


lUBI,  PIBTBO  (15tOT-1586?X  Italian  historian 
aai  pest;  adopted  refbnned  faith  and  came  to  Kngland  ; 
Uev.BL  Join's  OoUege,  Oambridge,  1549 :  prebendary 
of  SiBibaiy,  1587 ;  poMiidied  historical,  poetical,  and 
othvwariB  in  Italian  and  I^tin,  and  left  manasoripts, 
vlieh  indnde  a  *  Universal  History.*  [v.  108] 

ILAAVW,  WILLIAM  HBNBT  (179S-1870X  antf- 
qouy :  edneated  at  Eton  and  Christ  Charch,  Oxfoid ; 
XA.,  1815 ;  FA  A..  1850 ;  treasarer  of  Camden  Society ; 
pobfiiked,  1844,  history  of  barons'  war  of  Henry  Ill's 
iciga.  [V.  105] 

IT.ACABgE  or  BLACKASZR,  ROBERT  (d,  1608X 
Snttidi  ardibisbop :  prebendary  of  Glasgow  and  reotor 
of  Qudnw:  btabop  of  Aberdeen,  1480,  and  of  Glasgow, 
More  1484;  arohUshop  of  Glasgow,  1493;  frequently 
cnptajnd  in  poblio  truisacUons  with  Bnglish :  died  in 
fio|j  lead  on  pilgrimage  to  Jerosalem.  [v.  106] 

KACAIIK,  ADAM  (J,  1819),  bom  in  Scotland ; 
Pvitaoor  ef  philosophy  soooessively  in  Poland  and  at 
B«iogiia  sad  rector  of  a  ooUege  in  Puis  University. 

[V.  105] 

KlflBFOBO,  Babox  (1811-1889X     [See  Roqkbs, 

~       ] 


BLACK,  ADAM  (1784-1874Xp6UUcian  and  pabllsher; 
carried  on  bookselling  basiness  at  Bdinbargn,  at  first 
alone,  and  sabeeqoently  in  partnership  with  his  nephew 
Charles ;  twice  lord-provost  of  and,  1856-65,  liberal  MJP. 
for  Bdinbargh.  His  firm  aoqalred  copyrights  of  *  Kncyclo- 
pesdia  Britannioa,'  1897,  and  Scott's  novels,  1851.  [v.  105] 

BLACK,  ALEXANDER  (1789-1864).  Scottish  theo- 
logian ;  stadied  medicineat  Aberdeen  ;  ordained  minister 
of  Tarves,  1818 ;  professor  of  divinity,  Marischal  CoUege, 
188S-4S ;  aooompanied  expedition  to  the  Best  in  conneo* 
tion  with  proposed  formatton  of  mission  to  Jews,  1889 ; 
joined  Free  charch,  1848 ;  D.D.  [v.  106] 

BLACK,  JAMES  (17887-1867X  physician;  L.O.S. 
Edinbargh,  1808 ;  served  in  navy :  practised  saooessivdy 
at  Manchester,  1889-48,  Bolton,  1848-56,  and  Edinbaxgh  : 
M.D.  Glasgow,  1880 :  L.R.O.8.,  1823  ;  F.R.C.P.,  1860 ;  pab- 
lished medical  works  and  papers  on  geological  sabjects. 

[v.  106] 

BLACK,  JOHN  (1788-1856X  joamalist ;  employed  as 
clerk  at  Danse;  in  accoantaut's  office  at  Edinburgh, 
where  he  studied  at  the  university ;  contributed  to  'Uni- 
versal Magaxine' ;  went  to  London,  1810;  translator  of 
foreign  correspondence  and  reporter  to  *  Morning  Chro- 
nicle ' ;  became  editor,  1817,  and  maintained  the  ioumal's 
position  as  the  most  uncompromising  of  oppositim  papers 
till  1843,  when  a  decline  of  energy  in  its  management 
occasioned  a  request  for  his  resignation :  retired  to  Snod- 
land,  near  Maidstone ;  pablished  translations  from  Leo- 
pold von  Bach,  Bchlegel,  and  others.  [v.  107] 

BLACK,  JOSEPH  a7S8-1799X  chemist;  stodied 
medicine  at  Glasgow  and  at  Edinburgh,  where  he  gra- 
duated M.D.  with  an  important  thesis,  *De  hnmore  acldo 
a  cibis  orto,  et  Magnesia  alba,'  which  laid  the  foandations 
of  quantitative  analysis  and  pneumatic  chemistry,  1754 ; 
proiesoor  of  medicine,  Glasgow,  1756-66;  praotised  as 
physician:    made   investigations  into  the  question   of 

*  latent  heat,*  which  formed  the  basis  of  modem  thermal 
science,  and  gave  the  first  impulse  to  Watt's  improve- 
ments in  the  steam  engine,  1756-6S :  experimented  with 
object  of  testing  vaUdi^  of  thermometrical  indications, 
and  originated  theory  of  '  specific  heat,*  1760 :  professor 
of  medicine  and  chemistry,  Edinburgh,  1766-97.  He  was 
first  physician  to  George  III  for  Scotland  and  a  member 
of  Royal  Society,  Edinburgh,  and  Royal  College  of  Phy- 
sicians, [v.  109] 

BLACK,  PATRICK  (1813-1879%  physician;  edu- 
cated at  Eton  and  OhriKt  Church,  Oxford:  MJ)^  1886; 
physician  to  St.  Barthirfomew's  Hospital.  1860;  lecturer 
on  medicine ;  F.C.P. ;  published  medical  treatises. 

[V. 118] 

BLACK,  ROBERT  (175S-1817X  Irish  presbyterian 
divine ;  educated  at  Glasgow ;  ordained  minister  of 
Dromore,  1777 :  captain  of  Irish  volunteers,  178S :  joint- 
minister  at  Derry,  1784 ;  synod  agent  for  regium  donum^ 
1788-1817  ;  D.D. :  iitrongly  advocated  catholic  emancipa- 
tion and  parliamentary  reform,  and  was  the  friend  and 
correspondent  of  Castlereagh ;  committed  suicide  from 
disappointment  at  lack  of  suoceos  of  his  opposition  to 
establishment  of  Belfast  Academical  Institution  (opened 
1814).  [V.  112] 

BLACK,  WILLIAM  (1749-18S9X  physician:  MJ). 
Leyden,  1778 ;  L.C.P.,  1787 ;  practised  in  London :  one  of 
the  first  Englishmen  who  published  (1788)  statistics  of 
diseases  and  mortality.  [v.  113] 

BLACK,  WILLIAM  (1841-1898),  novelist;  studied 
art  at  Glasgow :  became  contributor  to  *  Glasgow  Citixen ' ; 
came  to  London,  1864,  and  was  connected,  1865,  with 

*  Morning  Star,*  for  which  paper  he  was  war  correspon- 
dent during  Franco-Prussian  war,  1866 ;  subsequently 
sub-editor  of  *  Daily  News.*  His  novels  iuclode  *A 
Daughter  of  Heth,'  1871,  *  The  Strange  Adventures  of  a 
Phaeton,*  187S,  and  *  A  Princess  of  Thule,*  1874. 

[SuppL  L  208] 
BLACK,  WILLIAM  HENRY  (1 808-1872X  antiquary ; 
assistant  keeper  in  Public  Record   Office.     He   was  a 
prolific  writer  on  antiquarian  subjects.  [v.  114] 

BLACKADDSR,  ADAM  {fl.  1674-1696X  covenanter, 
son  of  John  Blackadder  the  elder  [q.  v.] :  apprenticed 
as  merchant  at  Stirling;  repeatedly  imprisoned  for 
Calvlnlstlc  principles  :  retired  to  Sweden,  and  subsequently 
settled  in  Edinburgh ;  wrote  narrative  of  his  father's 
sufterings.  [v.  114] 


I 


BLAOKADDEB 


BLAOKIiOOE: 


BLAOKABDEH.  J 


I :  Hal  u  Rottenliuii. 


IS,   llie  jannKW  (IBM-l/M). 


OrsuF^  in  FliLrulen,  and  In 


BLAOKASSES,  WILLIAU  (1M7-1701).  phnlciaa  ; 

■' " 'q.  T.] :  ol'Kslol 

LpLHvbmdcd  nud 


Ml  Bllic)uulell 

nt  laiiiiiiunfu;  .MJ>.  Leyden,  igmi;  ■□ 
AiEfli!  lu  i^fpallElan  lo  Swtluia,  16U: 

H  ue^tlAtiouH  far  frliLCD  of  Omr 


;  Incviit ' 


BLACKABBB,  TIOBBRTK  UOS).    [Sic  BuouER.] 
{1771-1880),  ph^dan  ;    KJi. 
'-"■    M.D.,  18«1;  Mailed   at 
ijB^citui   to  Ihffrou   and 
anea.  1AUL;  rcADDDtntfid.  Ibu7 1 
SI.  TliMdu's  I 


BLAOKALL         „ 
Bdlial  Onllqn.  Oit«d.  _.. 
HI.  BonlialonHiw'i  BupKiiJ: 
BhUt  HsmlW,  inr :  mimi 

hSel  -L- 

18i):  F.0.r.,18lli. 

BL&OKALL  or  SLAOKHALL,  OFFSPRIHO  (IGM- 
ni^XblilLOp  DrKx0t«r;  etnoar'^  -*■  °'  ''-'^--■---  "-" 
OmntPiMnc ;  ppclorofatlUrj, 


re  ot  Dropsiw, 
[V.  117] 


]ail(Hi.IBM 


appeal  in  JrelAotl.  IMA ;  nnppolnt^  laid 
KBlgnal,  IMt:  ilce-cbiuueUar  of  DdIjUb 
[V.  1»] 

JOHK  (l«go-17M),  boHoitt:  nuiii' 

luiuni  uuniuvc  KuikD  nt  Orfonl.  [v.  IH] 

SLAGKBITBKB,  LAN-(1RLOT(1U8-lT13),anTlibUbiip 
o(  Ygrlt;  alDoiit*il  nt  WMtminaln  anj  Clirirt  Ohoreh, 
Oxtoea:  ordainsd,  IGBI ;  M.:t„  1S«3:  nrebtnduy  t< 
Kieler,  16SI.  uid  sub-dan,  IBM:  mh"-  "  --■—-■- 
Cdruwall,  lew:  miKnEd  inb-daunry.  li 
I'M:  dun  d1  Bxeti!r,  IIOS:  biabop  of  EiMa',  i; 1 1 ~h  : 
■rcbbiatiop  ol  York,  Uil-(3.  [t.  Its] 

SLAOXBTTRBX,  HIOHABD  (fc.  lUl),  pbrrinlaD  ; 
B^,  TtlDlty  Uoll€ge,  (iiuabiiilgv.  ISA';  U.D,  Leaden, 
lsr8;F.R.O.r^HlH7;  waisor.  Collogo  o(  Ph/sieians  laM ; 
prDbably  wriu  'lliogw  Hobbn  AnitU  Mulmiabiiciaiita 
riiUoupbl  Vliu.'  •HoeUmH  nnribiital  to  Kobtw  hlnwU, 
and  aertaml]'  wrnU  a  Happleownc  to  ic  [t.  134] 

BLAOSBDBirE,  Sik  »'ILLIAM  (17U-lKin  nuior- 
eoneml ;  lutmtty  av\a  Lb  Mrklnu  army^  1  iBl ;  Mftbntu 
inlerprdtcr  aC  IVniorv.  17K7  :  oapUkh.  IHUI ;  ittideut  irt 
Tuijon.  18U1-I3 :  majfir-t/foeni :  kuitflilol,  IMK. 

(I.  IM] 

BLAOKES,  QBOBOB  (17S1-1H71),  loUqibirT:  HJt. 
Trinity  Oollece.  Dublin.  lSt8 ;  ciotr  ol  MspHntli.  IIMO  i 
— ■-— ' —  '-  St.  Pstrick'B  Oalbednil;  pnblWml  (pri- 


Loti^l]b(>roi]>fl].  17H5-97 ;  pEibllnhak  acnnobii  and  nnttro- 
MTSlnL  pamplilrts.  [V.  IIS] 

BLAOKBOBBSK.  JOHN  (10M-174]>,  uonjiiror: 
H.A.  Trinity  Oolltfle.  Ounbridtte,  17M:  oonBecralol  t>r 
'KbiE  JamiM  111*  bUhop  of  nonjuror,  i7K6:  ur — ' ■ 


m.  OOLIK,  Barom  Blackbcbn  (1813- 

leM).  judn :  ediusbil  at  EUm  nTu)  Trinity  Oolli!)(e,  Cum 
brid^';  H.A.,  IKIS:  lionnmry  LL.D.  Edlubumb.  IH7U 
aaUal  tobiu-  at  liinn-  Tcmplp.  I«SS:  bouoniy  beiicber 
1877:  lobial  nortlmn  Dln:ult;  appf^tol  liutlce  ol 
qnceo-i  beuch,  Bi<l  iiiiraUd  vritli  golt  HUO  :  kulgbtul 
ISeO:  jlutlixolhI«b  court.  1S79:  niaol  tDpce»«E.lB7e 
prlij  counrtllnr.  18JS:  rnUroL  18M:  mmd  on  Kveral 


idia ;  C.ti„  ma :  iiublLihel  blator;  of  Ui 

SLAOKZT,  JOSEPH  (17M-iaiOX  poet:  itppn 
o  bin  brntber,  a  nbUBUiwr.  la  Lanfloo,  ]7fl7;  « 
uuch  from  povurty,  but  ^alnal  onlnnH  mid  v 


BLACEBiniir, 

a-rcbltivt :  Bluilicd  at  Roynl  Arwlaii 
premluni  in  i^ompcUllon  lor  peiilti 
ftml  sabftT^utiutij  L>?c&:ntvd  dslflnftb 
(tructuros  llinjughonl  Uio  ooonlry. 
BLAOEBITBSX,  ANNA(d.  17H), 


llalmi-TluinanfraB 


Hollli  l<i.  v.]  [V. 

,     PHANOK     (1781  -  188T), 


H^"^    li 


hiwyn- :  sdiHWlad  ■ 
Klniri  Inn,  Dublin 
bv,  IBW ;  jobwl 

imi;  uttomay-BiiSBml  tM  Inliuid,    lS30-<  nod    1 

tKncb,  IBM :  lonl  cbiuodloi  ol  IreUud,  lU3,aad  r»l 


BLADXIS,   JOHX  flTUART  (imo-mi),  SwItlA 
^.ifaHcuid  man  of  letlcn:  idiHstsI  at  tUrbwhal  Ool- 

IsRB.  Abenlcm,    Bdlnbargh  UnlTiinlty,  QHMlDgai,  an] 

. 'J—-"^- 

1  ■  HaUnOo  Sodaty,'  AbsdMn,  IHa 
«  Bdlntanrgh.  IStt-«9:  foundad 
'-'- -  "inbiUBb,  1«81.  HM  publloawmiKmiw 
it«i  liilo  BagllBli  Vrnt:  IBM ;  '  Lnrlaal 
rloo  . , .  trmniilHlal  Into  BngHab  Vsh,' 
I.i«iii>l>  of  Ani^nit  Omce.'  IBtT.  ud 
iln™««nLlpr«8.       [SappLLm] 


I  ICdInburvh :  DJ>.  UudBctutl  Oollege.  Aberdon,  ITBT  i 

[v.li?] 
BLAOXLOCK,     WILLIAM    JAU^    (Igit  ?-lnn, 
.ndscape  pninto- ;  npproitloed  aa  boolcHller  at  CarlUlo ; 
topt«d  art  ai  profenlon.  and  cihlblted  at  Royal  Afa- 

rnij-  and  otbrr  ii,liil,il,oi>«,  IK38-M.  [..  IM] 


BIiAOELOE  1 

,    TBOUAS  (1M3-1«76>     [See  Wmir, 
JOBS   (A  11M-IM8>.    [See    Buk- 


BLAOKWOOD 


I.    Edmnnd 

IWL  OHOtd;  M^IMt:  HJ).  Pxlia;  r.lLO.f..  1»T : 
mm  ntkm  of  Pbyilciuu.  Ills:  eltct,  ITle-dS;  iii>v 
■Uh  ta  «dtev7  to  WilUuD  III.  uMl  knlgtated,  Isiil; 
phfiUu  U)  QOEBi  AtUK.    Ht  pcoduoal  KllKloin  Bnri 

■Cnnkm:  ITU.  -toeh  w»  wanulj  prulxd  ty  Iir.  JoUii- 

H.  [..  Wi 

XLASKMOKI.RICHARUDODDBUXlEflSlt-inXJ) 

HK4M  ud  bKTfater:   ediMtol  nC  - 

'^•wu■^  uid  Knt«  CollnR.  Oitonl 

I:  e**'^'*' 

Hi  of  nm^  ladadliw 

.tf  CUV  WM :  wMMlit^  hlH^di. 
■i  ndmivtaii.  "whEA  hv  mJn^  uui  ucBhv  ^  pn>- 
I  -Gbfm  VwOml'  IBM,  -Ondaiifc  KdwcU,-  IBM, 
K  I>«K-  I8M,  mod  tsdn  oUier  itanlL 

[SappL  L  1071 
^  THOMAS  (i;«l  !'irBO  7).  DioiDUnt 


[V.  IBS) 
AtKXAKSSR  (rj.  1TTJ),  ■potlietsir: 
•^■■■■mR  dpo^ng  Hicrnol  Dr.ClilUkli'iiMintniT 
«ihL  irai.  [V.  I«] 

■UOKSTOVZ.  JOHK  (rf.  im),  botoMift:  apMbc- 
■qtalahia:  pobtulwil  boUnial  ~«rlu.      [>.  131] 
s  BUUrrOIt.  WILLIAM  (d.  1E»), 


j^Tidnicr.  [>.  U!] 

8u  WILLIAM   (17S»-nBli>.  Jmlifc; 

'- Bdioal  ud  Pembniki!  College 

_ _  TtBipk,  1T41  [   lellow  lit   All 

»*k,-  ITM;  BXIl^  17W:  c^lM  Is  bui 
'-"i«rtetil:   tint  pfotemir  of  &igll«h   lnw,  Oiford, 
ft;    pobn»hnl   ■CoiiJiclimiloBt    on    Copjholden," 


Eetor  o(  Dote  of 
pbl^diui  to  or- 
Tf  gnftokar;  at* 


BLACEWXLL,  A 

prabBbly  bntber  of  Dr.  TboniH  BUd 

BUklial  DHdlcinff  vid  ngrlcqltan ;  Id 
Gbnnddfl'B  iaprDrmxntH  at  Qumoui 
tUunry  to  king  o(  SvaleD  ;  napecta 
rattfl  lor  lili  mnnixtlDU  xiUi  ■  poUtk 
lutiLrvuuiiobjectol  wLIcb  rouUD  a  m 


BLAOKWELL,    BLITotBBTH   (/.   1717).   boUuloil 

Uibiiig  ■  A  Onrknu  HErtnL' 1717.  aoolnliiinB  Uliinntianit 
ootoqnd.  [t.  1M] 

SUCKWELL.  GEOIIRB  (lUt7-UIl).  inilifriHt : 
B.A.  TilDltj   OoUegi.  Oxford.  JMl:   paM«l   t "    - 
UU;  H.A.,IHT:  kflffUontilpHidntlidloOlDiii 
Hall:  tntsnid  Boidlah OoUtse  at  DoiiaT.1174;  r-* 
priwt,  l»;»;  BJt,  ltr»:  jducd  En-"'-  -'-■- 


Banrol  lUrkat  Bgai 


or  diTlidtj. 
1^  ITID-Itl,  prfULtpul.  171T-9S:  publtibul 

wnvnviiA.   k-|.u1l^  [V.  1471 

BLAOEWXLL,  TBOMA^  Uu'  younvvr  (I7u1-I7e7>, 

[q.  v.);  nadJat'at  MuIkIiiI  CoUfge.  Abcnlwn;  M.A„ 
I/IS;  prol«4or  of  Omk.  173ft-B7;  prlDdpnl,  174H-A7: 
LLJ>.,  I7M.  Bli  worlpi  Inolwle-Aa  Enquiry  luto  Lj(e 
and  WrlUuKi  of  Homar.'  I7U.  aiirt  'llnndln  of  tlie 
Oourt  Df  AueuitUK,'  17U-e,  >  third  aiid  lucompltte 
voloDW  bdug  publleLol  poniiumooily,  17fil.       [v.  117] 

BLACKWOOD.  ADAM  (It]»-1S13L  Scottuli  wiiUTI 
ediiialal  aC  uoliei^ty  oT   Paiii;   a 
-     '  Uogbt  p    ■ 


[».  UD] 
BLACKWOOD,  GEOHGE  FRKDEHICK  (IBW-lBmx 

'— -  -' d  at  Edinburgh  Acsdemy  aod  at  Addti- 

liealcmuiC.  Bea^l  tofuitry,  1U7 :  csp- 

wm.  m'  .  wuiDiandal  artillery  In  Luoalul  ejipcdlUoii, 

IS71 :  oulDr.  la7t ;  Kricd  Ui  KGoal  Aigbau  cumpalin) ; 

kiUed  at  Maiwand.  {v.  Uu) 

BLAGEWOOn,  HSLBIl  SELINA  (1907-1867).    [See 

,\  pLyvldaii :  M.D. 

-- —  — . ___,^- J  dean  (4  tbe  tacuKy; 

leftphllOHptdcalaDdmidlcalmaDiucrlpU.  [T.  ItO] 

8LA0XW00D,    Bm    HENRY    (1770-IBI3).    Tiw^wl- 

hi :  attached  lo  Nortli 
nation,  17BB-* ;  Is 


BLACKWOOD 


■J  rair-iidBil™l, . .  — 

in  £ut  iDlle*.  leil-n;    Tioendmlnl, 
ir-ip-chltt  Bt  fore.  lBST-30.      [v.  IW] 


BL&OXWOOD,  J 


'bmlier,  heul  (J(   pubUsbiuK  bo^Eu,  IBM:   publlibud 
nnrlj  jiU  Gwrge  EUet'a  worhi.  [7.  lit] 

BLAOKWOOO,  WILLIAM   (17TC-1U4), 
■pprent'—'  "  ' — 4~"—  -■  >"'-i >.  ■ 


.    TnUcedu  bcnWlkr  it  BdiobarBb  1 , 

lUbiDs  budiHH,  ObiHOii ;  tmptimi  by  boskBellEr  In 
LondoD:   hatm  bmUina  ImlgtBinBotlj  Id    Gdlnbarvti. 

"H»;   prindp*)  toundn  ol  ifc'  -—   ■■   ■ 

IID :  oamUoal,  u  BdlnbntKb  ■ 

pubUntlon  o(  Soott'i  -filM , . 

labBl,  1917.  ■Edtabuivfa  MoDthlr  Mi«uiiif.'  wbloli 
Hnaw  *  Blitckwool'H  EtUiiboTKb  UB^rtttlue.'  His  pbbUcA- 
inn  Idcludi!  ■  EaUiburgb  £uc>'ol(Hiinlb;  IBlu  (wmpletd 
I3U),  utl  ■  New  atsUMiiKl  Accounl  ol  ScaOixiitV 

[».  IM] 
BLADKH,  Mi.RTI.V  <I«W)-17«X  fOlillcT  and  pollU' 
■n ;  educaWl  iC  Weitmlruter ;  tarnd  in  Lgw  Oountiri™ 
invlgnj  Id.  T.) : 
1Tli-U,M>ldaD. 
] :  oompxrOOa  of 
und  pinautiaiw, 

[>■  IMl 

BLASBI,  WILLIAM  (ISll-lMOX  pHotET  und  biblio- 
Bimpbor:  ■pprEnticnl  u>  big  (lUwr'B  [HlnUDe  Sns  d 
BUdn  ^  Hut,  Loudon.  lMO.AUd  BObwiuoiU;  b«smi! 

pRM:  llTeryman  of  Scrlveiien'  Ooiupaoy;  publisbul 
worki  clilaflj  nJHtiiie  to  «rlj  hlrtory  of  prinllog.  nod 
edlUd  fadlmlln  uul  otbei  KprluU.  {Snppl.  i.  llu] 

BLAODEK, 


Bt.AIR 

BLAOKATX,  THOUAB  (d.  tSSflK  tnualiilMi :  ftoiUfr 
r  UlurlH  ll'd  phvnle  band:  uiliioT  of  ponHKOgm  piitH 
BlAOEOVl,^  KBKRY  BiMBLB  (1811-1«7JX  ID 


i:ttuilledwlUiSpi«DolHU.ID 
■'--■— *-r  Di.Crotcb  uid  : 


.uid  It  Ro^m]  Aoidonj 


F.llJt,17 


H   0UABLE3  (174A-I8»IX   pbyiiciiin: 


[T.  IM] 

BLAGDON,  FRANCIS lV]LLlAM(177»-181»),ioimi»]- 

iti  Had  nutEior;  vD^i^td  tiiDA^irelj 

femAiiiwitKtii.  and  protnbl;  Icar"- — "^ 

■  Unlmi  I>I>«ivit1bi,'  \l*»-t,  _ 
(wlLfa  Hifv.  y.  l>RTOit),lS0I-e: 
'"■(I'ort.'r.  IB    - 
«  [q.  v,l._IB 

W»lo(.'ll 

BUOaZ or BLAOX,  llOBIiRT{rf.l.in}).ind» ;> 
poliitHl  tor  We  Wng't  nmraibiMrar  in  MrbtquiT,  IJU 
thinl  bsnianr  eichaquei.  1(11 ;  repeBtally  ^Ditlcc  0(  t 
pace  (or  Kent  and  Mlddlwoi :  jolnl-Mrygrifr  ol 
iKnUv  1(16 :  ono  of  pcuflml  pnrve3'oni  of  kln^  r 


'  BpbitDErida,  witb  Rnln  I 
and  IMi;  ■&Kndc«l«l  Pnotlco  of  ^ilck;-  leTl.  uvj 
■InmdiKUDii  (0  Aitnlnc'  pablUbtd  pCBthimioiuI^ 
WB-  [T.  ItT] 


BLAOUX  or  BLAOX.  THOUAS  (J.  K 
l.A,  Qiwena'  OoUegt  CHmbrldge;  non-naldK 
Lnxtol  Makok.  Erhi.  1A70 ;  bdd  llTln^  ot 


vri*  OonwjtH,'  1S71.  [t.  1M] 

1IT.*T¥TE,  WILUA» GARDEN  (IBK-llWS%B«i(Udi 
dliioE;  cduiiiud  at  UulHhnl  (Mli«e.  AbodwD,  ud 
Ijdlnburgb ;  liooiHd  by  Aberdfleu  pnabytcry,  IMl ; 
minlBler  of  DiambladB,  IMI :  idati  Im  ubnrob  o(  Beat- 
■° ■  -fja  of   PUrlg,  IBM-Ui  aUHd  -Fmi 


Obnroh  Hagulnt.     ...  ._.   . 

IMt,  ■  HoDdir  Kaguiw,' IIITS-L  ud 'OMboUs  FMb3n»- 

riim,'   187V-6t;  piulsftji  of  mpolagvtlco  and   iiailjliaT 

tiieoitin',N'ewOoUr«e,KdiBlHug{i,lH8-ftT:  OmuawkM* 

iKtuRC.  1«IW:   modentoi   Ut  Kami   ■■iiiililj,  IllW^ 

taauonrT  VV.  KdloboTKh.  im\.  and  LL-D.  Abgt^ta. 

1HT3  ;  pubUibed  nallifloiu,  blogiaphJail.  nnd  oDw  wvrta. 

[BoppL  L  lit] 

BLAIE,  HDOH  (171S-l80ax  dlTine :  M-A-WlabntrfL 

17Ht    llanKd   nmcber,    IMl;    anlatiwl  mlnbln  af 

II:  nlnlMa  to  IaIt  YMat^  ^dA. 

_„...  -.-^  and  to  Hig4i  ctmnb,  IfU-lSOO:  m»- 

of  [l)MariE,l7«u:  ngliu  prDtMMr  ol  itatnto  aoS 

.„..._    .—      pobitahid '(Mtlaal  ir — '- 


Vlrglnlii.  ot  whkti  lie  boai 
of  CDUiicil  of  VIrgiuU  ^  publ 
on  (bo  Mount,  '    [».  ISl) 

JADES  HUNTER  (1741-1787),  Innl-pni- 
col  EOlnbuntb:  oDcofhotd  parUienin  000(14*8  bank- 
lioitK.  Edlnburitb:  nurrloJ.  177U,  and  look  vU^ 


Wallace. 


)HS  {fl.  1300).  chaplain  Ut  Sir  WlUiaa 
>tcd  at  Dondn  and  unlvenltj'  of  Pari* ; 
Inn  at  Diiufnaitlnc ;  oliaplaln  to  BIr  WO- 


EdlnburttU:  Kboobiuutcrnoir  London:  publlabol  ■  Obn- 
nolGgy  of  World  frnm  Oi™Uon  to  1763.-  17M;  P.BjB, 
\7ib\  rbaplain  to  rrkuoett^lDwa^fcrof  Walpa;  pFvbpndaiT 
of  WtstmlnsVr,  i;ai ;  ircUu  of  St.  Jobu  tbi:  BTUWdM, 

BLAIS,  PATRICK.  M.D.  (ft.  17!fi).  pb^dan:  prao- 
tjaerl  MdoctornrTCMlreIyatDdndfe.Lo]idop,andBf»toai 

[<•.  1611 
BLAn,  nDBERT(ltS3-laee).dlTine;UA.01a^*i 

profHBor  at  Glaivow  Unlvenlty,  e.  Ir*-  **     " ' 

-■nbylelian  pmolier.  ISll;  minLilaof 


biillle;  lefipoUtialandt^iaiDKiialm 


BLAKEfittjET 


L,  RnSKBT  (lMe-ir«).  poeOoil  wriUsr;  . 
Ft  LalhUD.  17 


l^a]  BBcie^  of  AUnbnrKh  i'17ae).  In  orbote  'Tnuiug- 
M  IMnni^ibilltT  of  IJ«bi-'  [T.  lU] 

XLUK,  wnXlAU  tU«l-lim  aHaln.  roy*]  navy : 
irei:  kSMInbkttkeoff  DomlDica.  [*.  IBT] 

BLAia.  WILLIAM  (I'GB-lHSt).  nqr^wn :  tar^roa  to 
Idrii  SnplUL  the  A«j1nm,  HiaboiTi  Kbd  Bloomehiiry 

-■■ ■'—  '—amle  nultoiUBTT,  PmlnnTllle,  nnd  New 

j:    ijLOS.:   tdltail   ■London    MedlcBl 
■nr^ral  and 


[..  lOT] 
4-1730),  dlTlDi'  nnd  port; 
.._  It  MtrcliuitTByltm' Sohonliuid  PL  Jolui'j  Ool- 
^_  Diteri;  MjL,  1««;  D.D,  16M;  sBccwslvelj-  pre- 
tcDlUT  oT  Oboler  vid  (ITIB)  of  York;  uolidiKcoii  dI 
\crk,  17M  ;  pubUdnl  latin  TBeo.  [t.  IS)) 

gLA»g.3«  FRANCIS  (rW-1'W).nuttiematl«iin: 
lM(MI,l!J»  ;  l^RS,  IHA  [v.'l«91 

lUZS.  em  FRANOL3{IT38?-191S).po1itl<ul writer; 
n  (4SiPnBsu  Blaki  (170S-i;ea)  [>t.<.];  Dlurawd  >t 
Wntaiiilter  i»l  Trinltr  H^  OunbrldgE ;  LL.B.,  17119 ; 
(Wlitiel  pidlUnl  tnci*.  (v.  IS9] 

BLUE.  JAUKS  (l««-l)nX  ivntt.  )mn<ra  u  Jam»i 
Rb»;  pnifrssd  Ulhrr  ot  Soplrtj  of  Jh.iu.  1B7i  ;  pro- 
<tadil  Id  EKUDd,  17UI.  [',170] 

lUEE.  JOHN  BRADBY  (I741-i;71),  nitnntiit; 
■famvn  in  Kut  IndU  Compin)-,  <'iiatfln  :  niLICFted 

WM  01  Ore*!  Brtl«ln  nnd  the  colobicn.  [t.  170] 


nJ  (17SI). 

lUO,  BOBEBT  (ltM-lU7).  «i 

«■«;  alstf  at.  Albu  Halt,  Oxlcrnl 

ITi'iiia  DbUiec  :  gnduied ;  auf 

Bt;  HJ.  (or  Brtilentcr.  I 

■  ■     HI*  Brirtdl   »-  ■     ■ 

;  appoLntol  u: 
._...>;  nninccfflsfollj  Block»ds 
u  CUiMlr;  IM*.  BDd  panned  Llm  lo  Purto^l.  I 
"-■--  ■  -K  Togim.  1««,  uid  ii' 


VUMlDeX^tvoS  iMoUiDf 

"ft  Troup  bS  FsrUi , — 

■tWrvtthllwBnKltatai  took  IMtln 

ooUi ;  drnlTD^  Tori 


Cbrt»t  Ohu'n 


i    (ll»7!-iat7K    porHUn;    HJt. 
jnroeMlvdr  Hi  ehirwilinry  nnd  Tun- 

°"[..  ITB]  _ 

.  ,  piwhytertiO 
nvlnrae,  171)lt-IS]l ;   publiibiil  ndlclonl 
[y.  190] 

LAKK.  WILLIAM  (17C7.1N37\  poet  tuid  palDlsr: 
■ptkwl  to  JaruEii  BiufTT,  po^ntvtT  lo  Booitly  of  Anti- 
Fa.  1771-8:  eucuUsd  plita  for  Qmuh'i  '^ntchnl 
■menu':  flCodait  ot  Rc^kI  Academy,  177^;  bn^nTed 
1  for  RarrlKm^^  ■  Norettirtj'  Ua^fuiiH ' ;  kvt,  lb 
it^hlp.  prinlHllcT'ii  ihop  In  Bmd  RCnet,  1781-7; 

fH  of  Eipmepoe,'  17S4i  employAl  bv  Jc 


for  Mbij  WdlUnMcraft'i 
Yqu»K-«  'RMit  mmighti'! 
SOU;  raadcddhiw  for  B>iib> 


ciKnUdutdotgnnd-InT 

SSi^to'SiSfc-ri  jWm 

llDHt  work,  from  IIN,  tnd 

prodmsd  dail«ni 

(Of-DlTlM 

IM^fAiM,'  of  -hloh  OClT 

!™  wBrSibllrtrt,  1W7! 

■Pmpbrtlo 

Booki'   (17M-1SW).  BDd   11 

oet  Dt  hl8  other 

Mork6.  ni- 

gnvBd  wid  coloand  b;  \.ta 

i.    HUfn'oorits 

aiB,  wlilc-h 

bi.tr»ii.lBtaliiitOQrl.i™ 

tbBt  -bU  Uiiugi 

T.  wr 

BLAKXLXY,  WILLI  A 

I  (1M0-18»7\K. 

uuilal  Botbem  on  lour ; 
FriowDf  W.W.Tb«ilre. 

I.OD4DB    at 

(67 ;  (t  Oljmpir 

1B7I  :  aim 

which  hli 

u.n»i.chWI>-»»ocUla!: 

BBI.    Ainoif  lU 

b«np.rtJ 

wu  Hu^outk  In  ■  Sbi  fUo 

BLAKKtT.   FLBTOHE 

".r.-S'Si'-^s.. 

Btrut  mtniiWr;    Rnduito 

■C  Ulaaeovr ; 

»»-n.  lKiig-t7;  k 

ioptolnta. 

CbrtiUan.' 

IflSO-J  ;  publlahal  trnols  uH  iwrnoiui. 

[t.lM] 

BLAKKLT,  JOHMBTON"  (17B1-IRMI,  nm 

nmandrr  Id 

nd  Unllnl 

Ulunnel.  uul  cBptural  EunUiib  brig,  1811;  lost  in  tbg 

BLAKEirZY,  Sill  BDWARS  (I77ft-I8BR).  Ddd-niar- 

IHI-l':  In  Udt'luDi  ami  at  I'urle.  IKll:  ooloneUM  foot, 

ni^l  oj  M  foot.  IHM-Wt;  ^reriinr  ot  tllielxa  UnplCal, 
IBM ;  (rmmO.  1"M  ;  ili;ld-nuir.lial,  18BS.  [».  IM) 

SLAKXMZT,  RICHARD  FAUL  (mO-18StXdlrtnp; 
B.A.  Dublin.  IM3:  LL.D.;    ninl  dean  of  B^VI1lugto>^ 

lliboi  oontmooBlul  mirkiL  [r.  im] 

SLAXSXSY,  WILLIAM,  DtRiK  BuiirnKi  |1S71- 
17fil>,  drfflider  ol  Minorca;  volimtiKml  with  aroiy  In 
?1aDdcn» ;  eodgu.  170) :  wljotaDt  In  Uarlborooffli'a  nm- 
IhIkub;  colonel,  1737:  brlgwlla-gaienl  In  axpnlltian  (o 
l^rta^tna,  1741  ;  major-nnnal,  and  Umtcnant-frovfrnar 
of  StlrlinK  Oaitlc,  I74t :  defmilBj  Htlrllug  agalnit 

lanilerfl.  171ft;  lleutetumt-ffojeral  uvl  lieu" "  — 

of  ULDDTaa,  171T;  pallnatly  ilefcnd«l  ; 


JOSEPH    WILLIAMS    ( 


Bt  Indian  1  lUI-t. 


BliAKEWAY 


112 


BLANDFORD 


BULEEWAT,  JOHN  BRIOKDALE  (176B-1896X 
topognpher ;  odocated  at  Westminster  and  Orld  Oollege, 
Oxford ;  MJL,  1796 ;  called  to  bar  at  Llncdn's  Inn,  1789 ; 
joined  Oxford  circtdt;  ordained,  1798:  minister,  1794, 
and,  subaeqaently,  official  of  Royal  Feoaliar  of  St.  Mary's, 
Slirewibary ;  published  history  of  Shrewsbury,  18S6. 

[V.  189] 

BLAXEY,  NICHOLAS  (Jl.  1753),  Irish  engraver: 
llTad  chiefly  iii  Paris :  asaociated  with  Francis  Hayman, 
RJL,  in  producing  set  of  English  historical  prints. 

[V.  189] 

BLAKEY,  BOBEBT  (1796-1878),  misoellaneoas 
writer;  of  humble  parentage;  received  private  cuiUon; 
contributed  to  *  Newcastle  Magazine '  and  other  periodi- 
cals ;  published  philosophical  works,  1831  and  1833 ;  pro- 
duced, 1888,  *  Newcastle  Liberator,'  and,  1840,  *  Northern 
Liberator  and  Champion'  newspapers;  studied  philo- 
sophy In  France  and  Belgium :  published  *  HUtory  of 
Philosophy  of  Mind,*  1848 ;  professor  of  logic  and  meta- 
physics, Queen's  OoU^^  Belfast,  1848.  His  works  include 
books  on  angling.  [v.  189] 

BLAKISTOK,  JOHN  (1608-1649X  regicide;  mercer  in 
Newcastle ;  excommunicated  for  puritanical  principles ; 
MJP  for  Newcastle,  1641 ;  one  of  Charles  rs  judges, 
signing  his  death-warrant.  [v.  190] 

BLAKIBTOir,  JOHN  (1786-1867),  major;  served  at 
Aflsaye,  at  capture  of  Bourbon,  Mauritius,  and  Java,  and 
in  Peninsular  war ;  published  reminiscences. 

[SuppL  i.  914] 

BLAKIBTOir,  THOMAS  WBIQHT  (1832-1891X  ex- 
plorer and  ornithologist ;  son  of  preceding  :  educated  at 
Royal  Military  Academy,  Woolwich ;  oommissioued  in 
ro^  artillery,  1861 ;  served  in  Crimea ;  member  of 
scientific  expedition  under  John  Palliser  [q.  v.]  for  ex- 
plozation  of  British  North  America  between  Canada  and 
Rooky  Mountains,  1867  ;  served  in  Chinese  war,  1869,  and 
organised  exploration  of  middle  and  upper  course  of  Tang- 
tsxe-Kiang,  1861 ;  resigned  commission,  1862 ;  settled  as 
merchant  in  Hakodate,  Japan,  and  engaged  in  ornitho- 
logical and  other  investigations,  on  which  he  published 
various  writings ;  died  at  San  Diego,  California  ;  published 

*  Five  Months  on  the  Yang-tsae,'  186S.     [SuppL  L  814] 

BLAKMAH,  BLAKEMAB,  or  BLAGQCXAV,  JOHN 
(Jl.  1436-1448X  biographer;  fellow  of  Merton  College, 
Oxford,  1436,  sjod,  later,  was  fellow  of  Eton  ;  said  to  have 
been  B  J),  and  monk  of  Charterhouse ;  wrote,  in  Latin,  a 
memoir  of  Henry  VI,  published,  178S,  by  Thomas  Hearae 
[q.  v.]  [Snppl.  L  216] 

BLAMIRX,    SUSANNA   (1747-1 794X  poetess;    the 

*  Muse  of  Cumberland ' ;  was  associated  Mith  Catherine 
Gilptn.  Some  of  her  poems,  which  depict  with  admirable 
truth  the  Cimibrian  folk,  appeared  in  magazines,  but  no 
collection  of  them  was  published  until  1842.  She  wrote 
sevoral  soogs  of  high  merit  in  Scottish  dialect,  including 
'  The  Traveller's  Return '  and '  What  ails  this  heart  o' 
mine?*  [v.  191] 

BLAKTRE,  WILLIAM  (1790-1862),  tithe  commis- 
sioner ;  nephew  of  Susanna  Blamire  [q.  v.]  ;  educated  at 
Westminster  and  Christ  Church,  Oxford ;  BJL.,  1811 ; 
farmer  at  Thaokwood  Nook,  Cumberland ;  high  sheriff  of 
Cumberiand,  1828 ;  whig  M J*,  for  Carlisle,  1831 ;  chief 
commissioner,  1836-61,  for  carrying  into  effect  Titlte 
Ck>mmutation  Bill  of  1884  ;  commissioner  for  carrying  out 
Copyhold  Enfranchisement  Act,  1841 :  enclosure  commia- 
siouer.  [v.  192] 

BLAKOEARD,  EDWARD  LITT  LAMAN  (1820- 
1889),  miscellaneous  writer;  son  of  William  Blanchard 
[q.  v.],  whom  he  accompanied  to  New  York,  1831 ;  edited 
Chambers's  *  London  Journal.'  1841,  and  *New  London 
Magazine,*  1846.  He  produced  pontomimei  for  Drury 
Lane  for  thirty-seven  years,  besides  many  other  dramatic 
pieces,  and  contributed  extensively  to  newspapers  and 
periodicals.  [SuppL  i.  216] 

BLANOEABD,  SAMUEL  LAMAN  (1804-1846X  au- 
thor ;  clerk  to  a  proctor  in  Doctors'  Ccnnmons ;  made 
acquaintance  of  Douglas  Jerrold ;  joined  travelling  troop 
of  actors ;  contributed  to  *  Monthly  Magazine '  *.  secretary 
to  Zoological  Society,  1827-30;  published  *  Lyric  Offer- 
ings * ;   acting  editor  of    *  Monthly  Magazine ' ;   edited 

*  True  Sun,*  1882-6,  *  ConstitutionaU'  1836,  and  '  Courier,' 
1837-9  (aU  liberal  papers^  and  'Court  Journal,'  1837; 
connected  with  *  Examiner,*  1841-6;  edited  *  George 
Cruikshank's  Omnibus,'  1848 ;  published  L.  E.  Laudon's 


*Li£e  and  Literary  Remains,*  1841.    Three  volamM  of 
his  essays  appeared  in  1846.  [v.  194] 

BLAXrCBABD,  WILLIAM  (1769-1836),  comedian: 
in  office  of  his  uncle,  William  Blanchard,  proprietor  at 
*York  Chroniole,'  1782;  joined  Welsh's  travelling  com- 
pany of  actors,  1786 ;  became  manager  of  several  provin- 
cial theatres ;  played,  1800,  Bob  Acres  at  Covent  Oaiden, 
I  where  he  remained  almost  continnously  till  death.  Hia 
characters  include  Sir  Hugh  Evans,  Fludlen,  Menenioa, 
and  Polonius.  [v.  196] 

BLAVOGBABD,  WILLIAM  ISAAC  (d.  1796).  steno- 
grapher ;  practised  as  shorthand- writer  in  Westminster 
Hall,  1767-96 ;  published  two  original  oystems  of  steno- 
graphy. [▼.  196] 

BLAND,  ELIZABETH  (Jl.  1681-in2X  bebraist ;  nie 
Fisher ;  married,  1681 :  wrote  in  Hebrew  a  phylactery  for 
Thoresby's  *  MussBum  Thoresbianum.*  [v.  196] 

BLAND,  HUMPHREY  (1686  7-1768),  general  and 
military  writer ;  obtained  commission,  1704 ;  served  as 
lieutenant  and  captain  in  Marlborough's  campaigns ;  at 
battle  of  Almanara,  1710 ;  suooesaively  lieutenant-oolond 
and  colonel  of  dragoons,  and  colonel  of  foot;  qnarter- 
master>general  at  headquarters,  1742 ;  served  in  Flanders ; 
major  •  general  in  CuUoden  campaign ;  governor  of 
Gibraltar,  1749,  and  of  Edinburgh,  1762-68 ;  commander-in- 
chief  of  forces  in  Scotland,  1763 ;  published  *  Treatise  oo 
Discipline,'  1727.  [v.  196] 

BLAND,  JOHN  (d.  1666X  Marian  martyr;  edncatsd 
at  Eton  and  Cambridge ;  M.A. :  schoolmaster ;  rector  of 
Adiaham,  Kent ;  opposed  celobratimi  of  mass,  1658 ;  bomed 
at  Canterbury.  [v.  197] 

BLAND,  JOHN  (1702-1760),  writing-master:  edu- 
cated' at  Westminster;  clerk  in  custom-hoose,  1717; 
writing-master  at  academy  in  Little  Tower  Street,  and 
subsequently  established  himself  independently;  published 
*  Essay  on  Writing,'  1730.  [v.  198] 

BLAND,  JOHN  (cf.  1788),  dramatist ;  author  of  drama, 
<S(mg  of  Solomon,'  1760.  [v.  198] 

BLAND,  MARIA  THERESA  (1769-1838X  vocalist; 
daughter  of  Italian  Jews  named  Romanzini :  first  sang  at 
Drury  Lane,  1786 ;  married  the  actor  Bland,  1790 ;  at- 
t<u;hed  to  Drury  Lane  almost  coutinuonsly  from  1789  to 
1824,  but  sang  also  at  Haymarket  and  Yauxhall ;  de> 
veloped  melancholia  after  1824.  [v.  198] 

BLAND,  MILES  (1786-1868X  mathematician  ;  BA^ 
second  wrangler,  and  Smith's  prizeman,  St.  John's  College, 
Cambridge,  1808;  fellow,  1808;  public  mathematical 
examiner,  1817-18  ;  prebendary  of  Wells  and  D.D..  1826 ; 
F.R.S. ;  F.SJL ;  published  mathematical  works,  [v  199] 

BLAND,  NATHANIEL  (1808-1866X  Persian  scholar; 
educated  at  Eton  and  Christ  Church,  Oxford :  B.A.,  1886 ; 
contributed  valuable  papers  to  Hoyal  Asiatic  Socie^r*s 
'  Journal,'  1843-63 ;  committed  suicide.    [SuppL  L  816] 

BLAND,  ROBERT,  the  elder  (1730-1816),  physician: 
M.D.  St.  Andrews,  1778 ;  L.C.P.,  1786 ;  published  works 
on  midwifery.  [v.  199] 

BLAND,  ROBERT,  the  younger  (1779  7-1886),  divine : 
son  of  Robert  Bland  (1780-1816)  [q.  v.] ;  educated  at 
Harrow  and  Pembroke  College,  Cambridge :  BJL,  1808 ; 
iUBsistant  master.  Harrow;  minister  to  EngUsh  church, 
Amsterdam  :  held  two  English  curacies  ;  published  works 
relating  to  Greek  classics.  [v.  199] 

BLAND.  TOBIAS  (1663  ?-l604X  divine ;  B.A.  Ftem- 
broke  Hall,  Cambridge,  1681 ;  expelled  from  Corpus  C^hrlstl 
College  for  libelling  Uie  master  ;  M.A.,  1684  ;  B.D.,  1691 ; 
sub-almoner  to  Elizabeth,  1694 ;  canon  of  Peterboroogh, 
1608.  [v.  800] 

BLAND,  WILLIAM  (1789-1868X  Australian  states- 
man ;  Boa  of  Robert  Bland  the  elder  [q.  v.]  ;  passed  naval 
surgeon,  fifth  rate,  1809 ;  exllal  to  Sydney  for  duelling, 
1814;  pardoned;  practiaed  surgery:  impriscmed  twdve 
months  for  libel ;  passed  naval  surgeon,  1886  ;  member  of 
deotive  legislature  for  Sydney,  1848.  [v.  800] 

BLANDFOBD,  WALTER  (1619-1676),  bishop ;  fellow, 
Wadham  College,  ,Oxfonl,  1644;  warden,  1669;  pre- 
bendary of  Gloucester ;  chaplain  in  ordinary  to  the  k^ ; 
vice-chancellor  of  tlie  university,  1668  :  bishop  of  Oxford, 
1666 ;  dean  of  Chapel  Royal ;  bishop  of  Worcester,  1671. 

[V.  801] 


BTiANDIE 


113 


BliEW 


.,  WILLIAM  ifl.  1S80X 
mothor ;  «dacated  at  Winobester  and  New  Collefce,  Oxford ; 
BJL,  1M« :  *  feUow '  of  Middle  Temple ;  served  with  Bng- 
liflh  ftrmy  in  Low  Goimtiiet,  ISSO :  pablished  works  re- 
latiiig  to  politkml  oad  ciTil  customs.  [▼.  301] 


ARTHUR  HENRY  ( 1HJ7  ?-1877),  oriental- 
ist :  soooessiyely  employed  in  British  Museum  and  inland 
transport  corps  at  Sinope  during  Orimean  war ;  published 
works  on  oriental  languages  and  a  translation  of  the 
'  Avesta.*  [y.  809] 


r,    MARY  (d.  175SX  munleress :  at  the  in- 
cf  her  loTcr,  William  Henry,  son  of  fifth  Lord 
OiBBStoim,  poisoned  her  father,  who  objected  to  her  en- 
it;  was  conricted  and  hanged  at  Oxford. 

[V.  2<»2] 

Sib  G  I LBERT  ( 1 749- 1834),  physician  :  M. D. 
GIkiSOw,  1778;  prirate  physician  to  Admiral  Rodney, 
wtaa  be  accompanied  to  West  Indies,  1779 ;  physician 
to  fleet,  177»-8S  :  came  to  England  with  Rodney,  1781.  but 
nECnmed,  1789:  L.O.Pn  1781;  did  much  to  improve 
susttaiy  condition  of  navy;  published  work  on  means 
for  praaerrinff  health  of  seamen,  1780 :  physician  at  St. 
Thootts's  Hospital  on  return  to  England,  1783,  till  1795  : 
pbyarian  extraordinary,  and  later  physician  in  ordinary 
to  Prince  of  WaleK,  1785:  commlssicmer  for  sick  and 
wooDdfld  seamen,  1795>180S ;  assisted  in  framing  rules 
krming  basis  of  Qoaxantine  Act,  1799 :  sent  to  report  on 
ooadition  of  army  in  Walcheroi  expedition,  and  arranged 
for  insmpfxt  of  sick  and  wounded :  created  baronet,  181S : 
phj^cian  in  ordinary  to  Qeorge  lY ;  P.RJS. :  published 
diaBotatiflDs  on  medical  sabjects.  .         [▼.  SOS] 


HENRY  (/.  1S80X  chronicler : 
mook  of  St.  Albans ;  wrote  chronicle  for  years  132S-4 
vOotton  MSB.  Glaadiasa>.  ▼«.)  [▼•  ^04] 

BLAJTFOXD,  HENRY  FRANOIS  (1834-1893),  meteoro- 
Vjgtet  and  geologist ;  studied  at  Royal  School  of  Mines ; 
tmolntel  to  geotogical  survey  of  India,  1855 ;  professor 
ttrresidaicy  OoUage,  Oalontta,  1863-7S:  meteorological 
nporter  to  government  of  Bengal,  187S,  and  later  to 
^ovenunmt  of  India:  retired  and  retomed  to  England, 
UK :  pobliihed  scientific  writings.  [Suppl.  i.  817] 


'.  JOHN  (<f.  1801),  admiral :  volunteer  and 
BiddiiinDan  ai  reduction  of  Loaisbonrg,  1758,  and  Quebec, 
17W ;  Ueatenant,  1761 ;  commander,  1779 :  served  in  Bast 
ladiM:  captain,  1780:  in  Meditenanean,  1783:  com- 
BiDdal  convoy  to  Ohlna,  1790 :  commodore  of  squadron 
■at  to  O^pe  of  Good  Hope,  serving  at  reduction  of  that 
Kttkmait;  serred  in  Egyptian  operations ;  rear-admiraU 
im.  [v.  206] 

UHTTKE,  Babokb.  [See  Stewart,  Walter, 
tot  BiEOK,  d.  1487 :  Strwabt,  Alexander,  fifth  Baron, 
4.170i] 

ILiQUIEBX,  JOHN,  Baron*  de  Bi^quiere  (1732- 
U12),  pditidan :  scm  erf  a  French  emigrant :  under  Lonl 
Harooort  as  secretary  of  legation  in  France,  1771-2, 
ud  chief  secretary  in  Irelaml,  1772-7;  M.P.  succewively 
^  irTeTal  Irish  and  English  constituencies:  privy 
<^ooBeU]or.  1774  :  baronet^  1784 :  raised  to  Irish  peerage, 
IWX  [V.  206] 

HATEWATT.  WILLLA.M(1649?-1717),  politician: 
Wnuiy  to  Sir  William  Temple  at  t!ie  Hague,  1668 ;  en- 
R>^  in  public  business  sixx»nively  at  Rome,  Stockholm, 
ud  Copenhagen :  secretai^-at-war,  1683-1704 ;  clerk  of 
pnrj  cooneil,  1689 :  secreUry  of  state  with  WiUlam  III 
u  FUoders ;  commissioner  of  trade,  1696-1706  :  M.P.  for 
'  5e«towiL  Ide  of  Wight,  1685-8,  and  Bath,  1693-1710. 
[V.  206] 

1L4TFET,  ANDREW  THOMAS,  eleventh  Baron 
BUTSKY  (1770-1834X  lieutenant-general;  ensign,  1789: 
<^ptain,  1792 :  major  in  89th  regiment,  part  of  which  he 
raW  in  IrdazKi,  1794 ;  served  under  Duke  of  York  in 
naoden,  1794-6 :  lieotenant^xriood  of  89th  regiment  in 
IrUdO,  1798:  assisted  in  reduction  of  Malta;  major- 
iranal  \n  Peninsula,  1810 ;  captured  at  Malaga ;  im- 
prjooed  in  France,  1810-14:  lieutenant-general,  1819; 
poUisbel  account  of  his  capUvity,  1814.  [v.  206] 

BLATITET.  BENJAMIN  (1738-1801 X  Hebrew  scholar. 
ILA.  Worcester  Cc^ege,  Oxford,  1753  :  fellow,  and  after* 
warts  vice-principal,  Hertford  (College :  B  D.,  1768 ;  pre- 
Pu«l  for  Clansdon  Press  edition  of  authorised  version  of 
^^(ble.  1789 :  regius  professor  of  Hebrew,  canon  of  Ohrist 
^^bsRh,  and  D.D.,  1787  ;  published  dissertations  on  and 
inaiktions  of  Okl  TesUment  Scriptures.  [v.  208] 

KXDBI,  sumamed  Dpokth,  or  the  Wise  id. 
1W?X  perhaps  bishop  of  Uandaff  between  996  and 
XtML  [v.  208] 


.,  WILHELM  HBINRIOH  IMMANUEL 
(1827-1876X  philologist:  bom  at  Berlin:  educated  at 
Bonn  and  Berlin ;  set  out  with  W.  B.  Blaikie  [q.  v.]  in 
expedition  up  Niger,  1854 :  interpreter  to  Sir  George  Orey 
at  Capetown,  1867.  and  8ub<<equently  librarian  to  Grey's 
libraiy :  published  works  on  8outh  African  languages. 

[v.  209] 
BLSGBOROUOH,    RALPH  (1769-1827),  physician: 
eduoateil  at  Edinburgh  and  Guy*s  and  St.  Thomas's  hos- 
pitals ;  M.D.  Aberdem,  1804 ;  L.G.P.,  1806 :  devoteii  him- 
self exclusively  to  midwifery.  [v.  210] 

BLENOOW  or  BLDIOOW,  JOHN  (/.  1640X divine; 
fellow,  St.  John's  College,  Oxfoni,  1627;  B.G.L.,  1633: 
probably  expelled  from  fellowship,  1648.  [v.  210] 

BLENOOWB,  Sir  JOHN  (1642-1726),  jndge:  called 
to  bar  at  Inner  Temple,  1673  :  master  of  the  bench,  1687 : 
serjoaiit-at-Uw,  1689 ;  M.P.  for  Brackley,  Northampton- 
shire, 1690-6 :  baron  of  exchequer,  1696 ;  probably  re- 
moved to  king's  bench,  1697,  and  to  common  picas,  1714 : 
knighted,  1714 :  retired,  1722.  [v.  210] 

BLENOOWE,  WILLIAM  (1683-1712),  decipherer: 
son  of  Sir  John  Blencowe  [q.  v.]  :  B.A.  Magilaleii  College, 
Oxford,  1701 :  fellow  of  All  Souls,  1702 ;  M.A..  1704;  de- 
cipherer to  government,  1703 ;  shot  himself  during  tem- 
porary insanity.  [v.  211] 

BLEHEBHA88ET,  THOMAS  (1550 ?-l 626V),  poet; 
educated  at  Cambridge :  entered  army ;  captain  at 
Guernsey  C^tle :  one  of  *  undertakers  *  for  plantation  of 
Ulster,  1610.  His  publications  include  an  exiMUision 
(1578)  of  the  *Mirrour  for  Magistrates'  and  a  work  on 
*  Phmtation  in  Ulster.'  [v.  21 1] 


rSOP,  JOHN  (1783-183U  one  of  pioneers 
of  the  locomotive :  engaged  in  Middletou  collieries,  near 
Leeds;  obtained,  1811,  patent  for  double  cylinder  loco- 
motive worked  by  nteans  of  racked  rail  and  toothed  wheel, 
which  was  fluccessfuily  tested,  1812.  Locomotives  made 
upon  the  Blenkinsop  pattern  were  employed  regularly 
from  1812.  [Suppl.  i.  217] 

BLENKIEOir,  WILLIAM  (1807  7-1871),  brealer  of 

racehoraes ;  fanner  in  Yorluhirc :  manufacturer  of  stocks 

and  collars,  1846 :  kept  racehorses  at  Dalston,  and  subse- 

I  quentiy  at  Middle  Park,    Kent,   Waltham   Cross,   and 

I  Esher,  his  stud  becoming  the  most  celubrutal  in  Europe. 

[V.  212] 
BLEKKERHASBET,  RAHMAN  (1764  ?-l83lX 
lawyer :  alucated  at  Westminster  and  Dublin ;  B.A.,  and 
LL.B.,  1790 ;  travelled  on  continent,  adopted  republican 
principles,  and  settled,  1798,  near  Parkersburg  on  the 
Ohio;  became  implicated  in  schemes  of  Aaron  Burr: 
arrested,  but  released,  1807;  Uwyer  in  Montreal,  1819; 
retired  to  (ruemsey.  [v.  213] 

BLESSINOTOir,  MARGUERITE,  Countess  op 
(1789-1849), authoress:  nif  Power:  married,  1804, captain 
Maurice  Farmer  (d.  1817),  from  whom  she  sepn rated  almost 
Immediately ;  married,  1818,  Charles  John  Gardiner,  fln^f. 
earl  of  Bleasington  ;  travelled  on  continent  with  lier  liuiit- 
band  and  Alfred,  count  d'Orsay,  1822 :  made  aoquaintaiice 
of  Byron:  settled  in  Paris,  1828;  removed  to  London, 
1831;  published  her  first  novel,  'Cassidy,'  1833;  edited 
'BookofBbinty*  from  1834,  and  *The  Keepsake,'  1841- 
1849:  contributed  to  'Daily  News'  on  its  foundation, 
1846 ;  became  bankrupt,  1849,  and  fled  to  Paris  to  Ount 
d'Orsay,  who  had  lived  with  her  for  some  years  :  died  in 
Paris.  Her  first  book,  '  The  Magic  Lantern,*  was  pub- 
lished anonymously,  1822,  and  between  1833  and  1847  she 
produced  numerous  works  of  fiction  and  personal  re- 
miniscence. 'Country  Quarters,'  a  novel,  appeared 
posthumously  In  1860.  [v.  213] 

BLETHYK,  WILLIAM  (d.  1690), divine:  educated  at 
Oxford  ;  bishop  of  LlandaCF,  1676.  [v.  216] 

BLEW,  WILLIAM  JOHN  (1808-1894),  liturgiologist : 
M.A.  Wadham  College,  Oxford,  1832:  curate  of  Nut- 
hurst,  1832-40,  and  of  St.  Anne's,  Soho,  1840-2 ;  incum- 
bent of  St.  John's,  Milton-next-Gravesend,  1842-60 :  pub- 
lished edition  of  '  Abenleen  Breviary,*  1864,  translation <« 
I  from  Greek,  and  other  works.  [Suppl.  i.  218] 

I 


BIiEWITT  i: 

HLEWITT,  JONAS  (rf,  18QS).  ormuilBl  in  oitj  of 
Lendim:  pubUihed  b 'TrmliKoutbeOritui.'ind  mneiFa] 
•»mp«Uloiu.  [V.  ai»i 

BtEVm.  JONATHAN  {I)90?-1SM1,  Munpeeer: 
■on  of  JoDM  Bleifltt  [q.  v.] ;  omniit  tiHKSMlvtly  [ii 
London,  HavarblU.  Brecon.  SbeKdil.  nod  it  St,  Andrew's, 
baWln:  In  LonJgn,  IBM:  prtrtncFd  uflimroiu  (•nlomlme 

ThntR  KofBl,  Itablin,  Sudlsr'i  WfIIe,  and  Vaiiibsll. 

BLEWITT,  OCTATIAN  (IBIO-IBW),  mcnWirj,  Royiil 
tilenry  Fcmd  ;  ntudlod  modlcbie  at  Luflnnary  or  £1. 
Ofm^'A,  HnnoTor  Mnure.  Laqdaa;  HcrofjirT  of  ttoyat 


Id  Trinity  Oallcse,Oi 


17(8:  nUnil,I7«g.  [t.ii?] 

BUOB,  RI 

miuatol  at  W. 

U.A„  ieo« ;  pnblUbal  Iqtal ' 

BUOB,  Bin  aiOBARD  RODNBT  (173T-1891),  id 

In  Wal  IniUo,  17B°':  apcAnjd  by  F^cK  KM:  rear 
AdtDlnl,  17B4;  nlenRd,  I79S;  Koond  [n  foaimand  b 
Jamaica,  UVS-D :  vlcv-adminl,  17B9 ;  comomodiiT-in 
ehkf  at  Lritb,  ism-l ;  adinlral,  IBM ;  O.CB.,  1890. 

[T.  »18] 
((17t4-iai7),Tl«-adnanI:  entfr^ 


•aUel  to  Sooletj 


F.ILS..  IBDl :  nptaln-geDenl  and  goTeraor  o(  ^eIT  Soalli 
WaUn,  ima;  (onilbly  depoiEd.  IKHJ,  and  iinprb»nBl  tiU 

BLIOHT,  WILLIAU  (17Bt-lSa3).  nar-adniiran 
llmWnanl,  IgOi:  at  Trafalgar,  180S:  agrat  tor  tians- 

lB90:  retired  a»  rear-adndml,  18H.                    [t.  310] 

BinrD,  MATRILDR  (184I-1B96),  poeUaa;  bom  al 
Uannbdmt  dsUKhter  of  »  banker  nanwdOolira;  adoptal 
Daaw  at  »llnd;  came  M  Loodou.  c.  IMS:  pubUdbHl 
>FOFm!   bj    Cla^ids   Idke,-   1I)S7.    'TIk  Pnqibn?^  of  St. 

,■  188S.  ■  Drwnu  In  Miniatnra' 


latcdStraojs'e'OldFulUiaDdNew,'  1973-4.  and 'Journal 
at  Uarip  BuhUrMefl,'  t8M,  (Suppl.  L  31D] 

BUSS,  KATHANIBL  (17(»-17M},iuln)nDtuir ;  M.A. 
Pambroke  OoUcgE.  Oifonl.  179S:  rector  or  SC  Ebbc's. 
Oirfoid,  ITU ;  SaTllian  pR>(«K>r  of  gHtmHri'  und  F.RJ<,. 
174) :  uiUtri  BrsdlBj  It  Hoya)  OMenatorr :  anronoiner- 
royal.  17M-t.  Observatloos  made  unler  bia  auperriilon 
wen  publitbol  In  IMe.  [t,  330] 

suae,  PHILIP (1187- IMI),  aDtlqaarr;  tdaatai  at 
Uircbanl  Taylors'  School  and  St  Jotu)*«  Colltgt  Oilbrd : 
fcllow,  1809;  D,C.L„1'""-  — — ■— —  ■-"-  — ■- 
librarian  ol  Bodlci 
1891:  keeps  of  archive!.  IS 
court,  tSll:  principal  of  St.  Muy  Hall.  1—  . 
proteaaor  of  civil  law:  coiBpUM  and  tditol  m 

Soarian  warka.  molDdlng  editions  r'  '^--■'- 
laclnKS,' 1819'»,aBd'RtUqulD-I.       .     _   . 

BLITH.  WALTER  (Jl.  1MB).  >gricaltBi^  v 
pnbUibid,  IMS, '  Tbe  ICn^b  lajpnmr,  or  i 


nf  fill 
pltnl: 


KLOMEPEE1J3 


■aooi.  IBtl.  (1 '  Tlie  Kneliib  InipniTci 
u  probably  a  captain  in  partiamsnluy 
(Suppl.  1.  »0) 


«.  with  Dr.  Itmo- 


il  X  OTitanifit  at 

tb:  left  miuical  oompofliiiDDa  in  EDanaacnpt.    ur.JcaiB 

ill  [q.  v.]  vu  pwhapa  hia  papll.  [»,  »M] 

BUZASS.  THCIUAS  (i;73-IBlHX  surgmn:  uphaw 

~*    " BHiard  [q.  v.] :  sarKoon  lo  LaOcoBim- 

■__,    .rtiinge.  [V.  MS] 

174S-18U),   ■arKnm; 
■'"'' '"   hofl^StAli; 

Imrln.  lie  f onndo^  mMloal  Bchool 
pr«ldait  of  OoUe^  of  Surg- 
wrldngi. 

BIDOHKUnT,  BBNRY  P 

Ldpilg  and  Paris ;  cams  to 

"'-'■  -irniT,  1868:  sreotaB  prlvat*  wldier  lo  Inrtln.  ob- 
mirioyBait  In  offlni  at  Port  Williom.  mdrei 
diacbusv.  mad  raterad  aarvice  of  PcninanUr  mod  OrioiU 
Oorapany  a*  inUrpnter:  airiitant  profeaaar  of  AimUo 

and  Fenian.  In  OaiaoU-   "--• '-*•  --   ••  ■    — ■ 

1.  Oalcna     ■ 


BritlBbar 


□oUogB,OambrW|^... 
of  HaiBliim,17W-M:  bald  Uviiig  of  Penli^ , 

■  Hlnory  o(Nortolk,'  1730 :  dUd  leaving  tbf  ISlrd  valoine 
unflniabed.  The  publlalied  volomn,  chlee^  banl  at 
Ix  Neve'i  ooUectlona,  ocntiilnBl  acoonnu  of  TheUtxl 
and  Norvicb-  Hia  work  waa  contintied  by  tbe  Bev.  Cbarlet 
Parkin,  and  nllimalelj  Hnisbed  by  a  hack  writer,  tlie 
H'bolB  bdng  npubllabcd,  ieo&-10.  (v.  Ho] 

LEONARD,  formorly  LmxiBn 
nitumlUt:  edooated  at  Eton  and 
■^cnbridge :  B.A..  IBM :  curate,  ISM. 
of  Swatrbam  Bslbeek.  Oambrldae-  , 
lana]  of  Brltiab  Vencbrat«  *nTw«?>' 
nlvel)'  to  South  Stoks,  nair  Bath, 
ins,  and  Bath,  IBBO  ;  founder.  18U, 
If  Batb  Natural  Blaliny  and  AoU- 
orewntal  to  the  toi™  of  Bath  tba 

i«),and  RarOftM) 

d,  1871:  publlahtd- 

a  an  aotohlogTHibT 

[Suppl.  1.  Mi] 


Cambriaite  Pbiloiopblcal  fit 
of  Zi»logloal(ll36).Eii<om< 
aodetia ;  adopted  name  of 
wrlUngi  rebillng  to  natoral 
(privaWly  printed,  1888). 


MILSS  (is:fi-l67i;),  alol 
pbyiidao  by  Cambridge  Unlvenilty  :  pr 
St.  Bilinunda ;  pqbluhcd  worka  on  alcbsny- 


BliOMFIEniiD 


115 


BLOUNT 


^ of  offdnanoe,  1771 :  brigade-major  to  Brifnidier 

Phillips  in  American  war;  woonded  at  Saratov; 
oafrtain.  inspector  of  artiUery,  and  saperintendent  of 
Bf^fal  Biaai  Foundry,  1780 :  entnuted  with  reorganiaa- 
tMm  of  ordnance  department,  1783:  Ueatenant-oolooeU 
I7«3:  eokneU  1800;  major-general,  1803;  oolonel-oom- 
maadant  of  battalion,  1806;  commanded  artillery  in 
Copenbagen  expeditioii,  1807 ;  created  baronet  [y.  238] 


K  Sir  ARTHUR  WILLIAM  (18M-1899X 
arclnteet :  son  of  Charlee  James  Blomfleld  [q.  ▼.] ;  edu- 
ea&ai  ai  Rogby  and  Trinity  OOllege,  Oambridge :  iLA^ 
1M3 :  arcickd  to  PhiUp  Cbarles  Hardwiok  (183S-1892X 
aoa  at  Philip  Hazdwick  [q.  y.] :  opened  office  in  Adelphi 
Tcnaoe,  18K;  preaklent  of  Arohiteotaral  AsBOoiation, 
IMl :  FJl.LB.A^  1867,  and  rioe-preaident,  1886 :  architect 
to  Bank  o<  Oigland,  1883;  associated  with  Artbar 
"^■""-^  Steeet,  SOD  of  George  Wdmnnd  Street  [q.  vOi  ^ 
cfwikm  ai  Law  Ooorts  in  London,  1881 ;  AJLA^  1888 ; 
kBightei,  1888.  His  works  include  Sion  College  Library  on 
Embankment,  Queen's  School  at  Eton  College,  the 
for  Church  Hoose,  Dean's  Yard,  Westminster,  and 
ly  ehorches  in  Rngbuid  and  abroad.  He  made  im- 
it  reBtoimttoDS  m  the  cathedrals  of  Salisbmry, 
itertMuy,  Tiinooln,  and  Chichester.       [SappL  i.  923] 

BLOHFXSLD.  CHARISBS  JAMBS  (1786-1867X  bishop 
of  Loodfon;  BJL  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  1808: 
fdlow ;  presented  to  St.  Botolph,  Bishopagate :  bishop  of 
Cheater,  1834 ;  translated  to  see  of  London,  1828 ;  insti- 
tntad,  1836,  for  building  and  endowing  churches  in 
mrtrupuUs  a  fond  which,  1864,  was  merged  in  London 
Dkxsesan  Church  Building  Society ;  in  the  Tractarian 
moTcment  (e.  1842)  ophdd  definitdy  the  riews  of 
neither  party  while  sgreelng  on  some  points  with  both ; 
edited  five  pl«yi  of  JOsclurlus,  wiUi  notes  and  glooaaries, 
three  Greek  lyrio  poets  for  Gaisfori's  *PoetaB  Minores 
Oneei*(18S3X  and  contributed  on  olassical  subjects  to 

[V.  229] 


BLOMFULD,  EDWARD  VALENTINE  (1788-1816X 
rtaiwiral  scholtf :  broCher  of  Charles  James  Blomfleld 
[q.  T.] :  BJL  Caios  College,  Cambridge,  1811  :  flnt 
c^iaaoeilor's  daasical  medamst;  classical  lecturer  and 
Idkm,  bunanoel  College,  till  death.  His  chief  work,  a 
traiwiatiinn  of  Matthise*s  *  Greek  Grammar,*  appeared 
pnrthmwmsly,  edited  by  his  brother.  [▼.  230] 


»,  EZEKIEL  (1778-1818).  nonconformist 
diTine ;  minister  at  Wjrmondham :  founded  Norfolk  and 
Horvieh  AnxOisry  British  and  Foreign  Bible  Society; 
psrtser  of  Brightley,  printer,  of  Bungay:  published 
▼ann  compilations.  [v.  281] 

nOV.  JACQUES  CRISTOPHE,  lb  (1670-1741). 
[SeeLcBLON.] 

nOVDEL,  JAMBR  AUGUSTUS  (d,  1784X  physician : 
bon  in  Paris :  M  J).  Leyden,  1692 ;  practised  in  London ; 
LCP.,  ini ;  published  medical  writings.  [▼.  282] 

BLOOD.  HOLCROFT  (16607-1707),  general;  son  of 
Thonu  Blood  [q.  t.]  :  serred  at  sea  in  Dutch  war.  1672, 
ud  in  Irish  campaigns  after  1688 ;  rendered  signal 
Krrioe  as  engineer,  Namur,  1695,  and  Hoohsttfdt,  «.  1703 ; 
nbieqaently  promoted  brigadier-generaL  [▼.  232] 

ILOOD,  THOMAS  (16187-1680X  adventurer:  ob- 
taioal  ertates  in  Irdand  which  were  forfeited  at  Restora- 
two;  headed  unsuccessful  attempt  to  take  Dublin  Castle 
fran  royalistB,  1663 ;  escaped  arrest,  and  subsequently 
ted  ta  Hoihuid ;  retomed  to  England,  asaooiated  with 
FWb-BBODarehy  men,  and  later  with  oorenanters  till 
1M6;  attonpted,  periiaps  at  Buckingham's  instigation, 
to  aMBsrinate  Dtike  of  Ormonde,  who^  howerer,  escaped, 
ICTA:  formed  an  daborate  plan,  1671,  to  steal  the  orown 
je«ch,aDd  aotoally  with  an  aooompUoe  made  off  with 
Uwcnnm  and  globe,  but  was  arrested ;  obtained  admis* 
tkn  to  (Charles  II's  presence,  gained  his  favour,  and 
nodvBd  back  his  Irish  estates ;  oommitted  by  court  of 
b)f^  bench  for  slander  of  Buckingham,  1680,  but  re- 
«i^  ban  •  [y.  232] 

ILOOKFIELD,  BENJAMIN,  flrct  Baron  Bloom- 
nno  0768-1846X  Ucatenant-general :  seoond  Untenant, 
rafal  artOlery,  1781 ;  chief  equerry  to  Prinoe  of  Wales, 
c-  UOt:  major-general,  1814 ;  knighted,  18U ;  keeper  of 
Pn^  parse  and  reosiver  of  duchy  of  Lancaster,  1817 ; 
Boiiter  pleoipotentiaiy  at  Stockholm.  1824:  raised  to 
^^  peerage,  183S ;  commandfd  garrison  at  Woolwich. 

[▼.233] 


BLOOMPIELD,  JOHN  ARTHUR  DOUGLAS,  second 
Barox  Bloomfield  (1802-1879X  diplomatist:  son  of 
Benjamin  Bloomfleld  [q.  ▼.] ;  joined  diplomatic  service, 
1818 ;  envoy  extraordinary  and  minister  plenipotentiary 
at  St  Petersburg,  1844,  and  Berlin,  1861 ;  envoy  extra- 
ordinary and  plenipotentiary  to  emperor  of  Austria, 
1860-71 :  created  peer  of  United  Kingdom,  1871.  [v.  236] 

BLOOKFIELD,  ROBERT  (1766-1823X  poet;  worked 
as  shoemaker  under  bis  brother  George,  in  London; 
endured  extreme  poverty:  wrote  bis  *  Fanner's  Boy,* 
e,  1798  (published  1800) ;  under-aealer  in  seal  office,  1R02  ; 
manufactured  .Solian  harps;  embarked  unsnocessfnlly 
in  book-trade;  visited  WsJes  and  wrote  'Banks  of  the 
Wye,'  181L  A  collected  edition  of  his  works  appeared  in 
1821.  [V.  236] 

BLOOR,  JOSEPH  (<f.  1846X  assistant  at  Robert 
Bloor's  Old  Derby  China  Works.  [v.  287] 

BLOOR,  ROBERT  (d.  1846X  ceramist,  brother  of 
Joseph  Bloor  [q.  v.] ;  worked  in  and,  c.  1811,  bought  Old 
Derby  China  Works.  [v.  237] 

BLOKE,  EDWARD  (1787-1879X  architect  and  artist ; 
son  of  Thomas  Blore  [q.  v.] ;  employed  on  illustrations 
for  his  father's  *  Historr  of  Hutbind.'  BHtton's  '  English 
Cathedrals,*  and  Surtees^s  '  Antiquities  of  Durham ' ;  built 
Sir  Walter  Scott's  boose  at  Abbotsford.  c  1816 ;  managed 
production  of  Scott's  'Provincial  Antiquities  of  Scot- 
land' ;  architect  to  William  lY  and  Queen  Victoria,  and 
to  Westminster  Abbey :  F.R.S. ;  F.S.A. ;  hon.  D.C.L. 
Oxford,  1834;  published  *  Monumental  Remains  of  Emi- 
nent Persons,*  1824.  [v.    37] 

BLOKE,  ROBERT  (d.  1866  ?X  manufacturer  of  porce- 
lain '  biscuit  *  figures  in  Bridge  Gate,  Derby ;  apprenticed 
at  Old  Derby  China  Works.  [v.  238] 

BLORE,  THOMAS  ( 1764-1818X  topographer ;  aoUcitor 
at  Derby,  and,  later,  at  Hopton ;  entered  Middle  Temple, 
1795:  published  topographical  writings  and  left  manu- 
script coUecUons  for  history  of  Hertfordshire,  [v.  238] 

BLOUHT,  CHARLES,  fifth  Baron  Mountjoy  (d. 
1646X  son  of  William  Blount,  fourth  baron  [q.  v.]  ;  page 
to  Queen  Catherine :  served  with  Henry  V III  in  France, 
1344 ;  patron  of  learning.  [v.  239] 

BLOUHT,  CHARLES,  Earl  of  Dbygnshirr  and' 
eighth  Baron  Mountjot  ( 1663-1 606X  grandson  of 
Charles  Blount,  fifth  baron  [q.  v.] ;  M.A.  Oxford,  1689  : 
entered  Inner  Temple ;  came  to  court,  e.  1683  :  M  J*,  for 
Beeralston,  1684, 1686,  and  1698  ;  knighted,  1686  ;  served 
in  Netherlands,  in  pursuit  of  Armada,  and  in  Brittany, 
1686-93 ;  captain  ol  town  and  ialand  of  Portsmouth, 
1694 ;  lieutenant  of  land  forces  in  Eraex's  expedition  to 
Azores,  1697:  K.G.,  1697;  implicated  in  Eswx's  con- 
spiracy, but  escaped  punishment :  lord  deputy  of  Ireland, 
1601 ;  put  down  Tyrone's  rebellion  :  reinstated  deputy  by 
James  I :  styled  lord-lieutenant,  1603 ;  suppressed  dis- 
affection resdlting  from  military  occupation :  returned 
to  England,  and  was  created  Earl  of  Devcmsbire,  1603 ; 
master  of  ordnance,  1608 ;  keeper  of  Portsmouth  Oastle, 
1604;  commissioner  to  discharge  office  of  earl  marshal, 
1606 ;  married,  1606.  Lord  Rich's  divorced  wife,  Essex's 
sister,  Penelope,  with  whom  he  had  contracted  a  liaiwn  in 
early  life.  [v.  240] 

BLOUHT,  CHARLES  (1664-169SX  deist :  son  of  Sir 
Henry  Blount  [q.  v.]:  author  of  freethinking  books 
which  have  caused  him  to  be  considered  as  a  link  between 
Herbert  of  Cberbury  and  Toland.  These  include  *  Anima 
Mundi';  an  attack  on  priestcraft  entitled  'Great  is 
Diana  of  the  Ephesians,*  1680:  and  a  translation  with 
notes  of  *  The  Two  First  Books  of  ApoUonius  Tyaneus,* 
1680.  He  published  also  political  papers  of  whig  ten- 
dency, and  a  *  Vindication  of  Liberties  of  the  Press.' 

[v.  243] 

BLOUHT,  Sir  CHRISTOPHER  (1666  7-1601 X  soldier : 
probably  younger  brother  of  Charles,  earl  of  Devonshire 
[q.  v.] :  eentieman  of  horse  to  Elizabeth ;  served  in 
Netherlands ;  knighted,  1688 ;  married,  c.  1689,  widow  of 
first  Earl  of  Essex  (d.  1676) :  colonel  of  land  force,  and, 
later,  camp  master  in  Essex's  expedition  to  Cadis,  1696 ; 
joined  attempt  on  Azores,  1697 :  M.P.  for  Staffordshire, 
1697 :  marshal  of  Essex's  nrmy  in  Ireland.  1699 ;  aj^ifft^jd 
in  Essex's  conspiracy  against  grovemment,  and  was  exe- 
cuted on  Tower  HilL  [v.  246] 

i2 


SLVum  or  BLUST, 


!'■■  Italian  wdEogUHbDicUDiiiir;.'  1690.  anil 
of  *  MonUkffiH'fl  EooayL'  IflET,  Marloh'e'B 
^eeadar,'  UK,  Bbeltaa's  -Dan  Qnliglf,'  1690, 
liia  nf  HhnlMpeftre*!  ■  Wotks.'  vlih  Inuc 
id  Ljrlj'.'SiiieCirartConieiliB!.- 


n  AuUca,'  II 

w  HENHT  (ItOi'lttai,  ti 


trarcUal on coaliDcnt anil  in  Eespl; 
ti>[belfVuoc.'ISlB;  JDilghCsi,ir-' 

BLOUBT,  Em  J  A!lf  E3  (if.  UBS),  lient 
[q.T.i:  taHghttd.  HM- 

BLomn,  Sin  JOHN  {;l.l4lS),go 
iit[q.».)iK.O.. 


V^^'tlJS 


n,  141B. 


(».  ssaj 

■,  tbird  BinoN  MouxTioT  (i.. 


fiLOHNT. 

ItBS).  Hnnid  son  ol 

BLDinrT.   MARTHA  (ima-ueij.  trirod    ol   Pspc; 

ucF  or  Pop^  u aitlj u  17U6  :  Pope  TiodlcsMi  toher'hU 
■  Bpiitle  ou  Women,'  1131,  and  at  bia  diatb  bsjocathal 
Lcr  comldEraMe  propErty.  Jv,  546] 

BLDTnrr,  M0UNTJOT.BinosMori5TJ0T«lriB»BL 
or  NRVrfunT  (iee7  ;-16Se},  nstaral  tan  of  Cbarln  Blount. 
mxl  at  Dfuonahira  [q.  v.],  by  PeDciope,  ladj  Rich ;  crmtsi 
Banm  Moiutjoy,  In  IrUh  aotngt,  IQlft.  and  In  Bn^lteb 
pongs,  W17:  wrrol  In  I<nw  Ooantiia,  leS!;  cmttd 
Barl  or  Newport,  lala  af  Wlgh^  leW:  [sr^dmlnl  of 
BkI  In  Bwbdle  cijiadltlaD,  ISM ;  uuomiMDiiil  Cbarls  I 
to  ScoUuid,  laSB;  lolnBl  tvpoiltjon  In  (be  Lords  Id 
Oharlsa  J  Ju  Ixng  partUmcnt ;  eauUblo  at  Tower,  1641; 
tDOght  with  klng'i  tarvm  in  rorlobin,  1641 :  llmtaumt- 
Coural  DnderDalmol  NeweutJe:  qumlled  alth  Keur- 
Oftfitiv  and  wu  Imprinncd  in  l^annct  Oaitte,  and  anbK- 
OBBiUi  OHiunltled  to  onnad;  of  gntleman  mher  or 
Booienf  L(^1l^l6U:  ideaMl.1644:  toi«htfor  king  at 
Newbarj,  lUl;  talnm  ptlntier  at  Dutmootti.  1D46: 
_.____.  __  ^.., 1„_,  ._  », inspifion  of 


n  of  b^cbaOL-.. 
[T.  S491 


D  Bni^Land,  lAfll, 
Bn^iand,  1606 ;  pi 
BngUib  niluimi 


..    .  r  Walla  Blonnl  [i 

founded  cbantry  at  Newark,  1431,  '-  ' 

BLOnST  or  BLiniT.  THOUAS  (Jl.  IIBBX 
nentarian  mlnnd;  on  cimunlttfe  ol  Koit,  161 
prlamrd.  16GU ;  member  ol  Rojal  BotAetj,  16^ ;  ni 


ml  [q.  v.] 
[v.  iSB] 


SIODHT,    WALTER,    f 


or  EngLand,  ail 


Ql  [q.  •.] ;  (Doglil  for  VoikliU 
I :  gosimor  of  Galois ;  bl«b 


[T.StS] 


BLOOTTT,      

(d,  MT4)[q,T.);  killMBebtll^  .    _     .. 

BLOUnX,  WILLIAM,  ronnb  BtnnN  Mo^jot 
(d.  16141,  etalwmanand  patron  orieamlne;  giwidion  of 
Waltir  Bloimi  (d.  1474)  [q.  v.] :  privy  ooanolllw :  naliri 
tn  Parlfc  t  1498,  under  Braimua,  whom  bt  brouRbt  lo 
EnRland,  1498;  became  tatinuil*  wllb  PrbiM  Hmrt, 
atterwanlt  Henry  VTII :  iwvod  against  Perkln  "    '     " 


;  baUirr  ol 


iMllng  »■ 


he  tcfrieudcd  ivre  Bmuuco.  Ldaod,  Rlcbard  Wliytlonlr, 
Battui,  wul  Ricbanl  fismpnn.  [v.  l«s] 

BLOW.  JAMES  (d.  mt\  printer:  apprnttcid  to 
Patrick  TiriU[q.  I. I.atataagaw.andwatBubaeqoentlybii 
aulttaot  In  Bcllait ;  printed  workn  for  tbc  pnvbyteTiani, 
'Ohuroh  Catmhinn  In  Iriib  anl  BugUib,'  ITIT.  anl 
■ome  edltlDsi  of  the  bible,  alter  c.  ITSa.  [t.  SBO] 

nt  ot  children 


burled  In  Weatmlneter  Abbey. 


^^'^^U" 


and  AnCbenu.'  lUI. 


BLOXAM.  ANDREW 


am),  divine :  edan 
iier  LDue^e,  (lnfoid.  fdlbw ;  n 
-blAtory  ipeclmeufi   on   Tc^ragi 


SLOXAM,  JOHN  RODS 

Magdalo)  OoUege:  nlnesUd 

'  Movdalen  CallCfrvt.  Oi^ro 

_jw  or  Mandaicn  Cnilore.  II 

TEnltjr,  IHl :  beld  variou  at 


<■,  1*47 : 


( 1(1^1  arai, 
Ulrf. 
ig  asitaUoi 


giapbla.'  MSi.  ■ 

AntlqiiilAllB,  Anc 

BObel.'  1B6ll,a  hiitory  oC  Chatia  U'aacspe  after 

WDTcetter.  Be  left  in  manmn^pt  a '  BInra;  r*  " 


BLODKT.  Sib  1 


064V-1M7J,  poll  I 


Upper  BndUw,  Siwei.  lgai-91 :  pablKbol  and  left  lu 
manuKrtpt  valoable  collwtionE  lelating  to  tbe  hlatmy  of 
Uagdaioi  CoUega.  [SappL  L  lit] 

BLOXAK.    MATTHEW    HOLBKOHB  «ieo»-ieS8), 


It  Ruf-by.  wliEre  be  wi 
ImJ,   Ism.  •PrtnplplB 


if  John  ttouae  B 


nCl-'-l:-! 


I  workn.  [Suppl.  1.  936] 

K(d.  13m;X  Carmelite  of  Cbtcbv : 

aoaaia  at  Linam ;  proiini^lal  □(  bit  ocder  In  Eu^aod ; 

TTOU  religious  worki.       ,  [i.  SM] 

BLOXSAX,  JOHK  (if.  1S87).  wanlen  ot  Merttm  Col- 

!ge,  Oifard;   baeheinr  ol   Ibe^ogy,   Okford:   HKiith 

SLUITI]  or  BLinrt.  JOBN  le  (if.  l»8).diTlne;  adn- 
mor  ol  York ;  nomiiuitid  nrohblihop  at  Canl*rbaiy  by 
Hnt  and  the  ciecUon  wae  anuoUcd.  [t.  IM] 


BliUNDEIili 


117 


BOASE 


HENRY  (1724-1810X  »rt  coUector; 
at  Ince-Bland«ll  Hall,  Lancashire,  valuable  collec- 
tion of  pictures,  itatoary,  and  other  works  of  art ;  pub- 
lubed  works  relating  to  Ms  coUectiou.  [v.  365] 


JAMBS  (1790-1877),  physician;  M.D. 
Edinbaxfrh,  1813 :  lectured  on  midwifery  at  Guy's  Hos- 
pital: UCJP^  1818;  F.O^.,  1888;  published  medical 
^worto,  [▼.  286] 

BLinrDELL,  PBTBB  (152O-1601X  merchant;  of 
kiOD^oniiin;  accumulated  great  wealth  as  merchant 
and  sBanufactorer  in  keney  trade;  endowed  Blundell's 
fcUtol  (erected  1804),  Tiverton,  and  left  considerable  isums 
ft>r  eharitable  porposes.  [v.  266] 

XLinrDXIX,  WILLIAM  (1690-1688X  topographer; 
I'ap^fim  of  dragoons  in  royalist  army,  1642 ;  wounded  at 
LAiMsaster.  He  left  a  topographical  manuscript  relating 
to  Isle  of  Man  (poblished  1876-7X  and  other  writings. 

[V.  287] 

BLUHIIEVILL,  RANDULPH  Dx,  Earl  of  Chester 

<tf.  1S32X  warrior  and  statesman;  succeeded  as  earl  of 

Chester,  1180 ;  married  Constanoe,  widow  of  Geoffrey,  aon 

of  Henry  n,  1187 ;  joined,  in  Richard's  interest,  in  siege  of 

Nottingham,  1194:  accompanied  lUohard  to  Normandy; 

qnarredkd  with  Constance  and  imprisoned  her  in  castle  of 

Su  Jean   Beveron,  1196 ;    married   Clemence,  sister   of 

Geoffrey,  c  1200;  accompanied  John  abroad,  1199;  led 

armies  engaged  in  Welsh  wars,  1210  seq. ;  accompanied 

Jc^m  to  PoitoculS14 ;  took  John's  and,  later,  Henry  Ill's 

side  a^rainst  barons,  1215 ;  with  Fnlk  de  Br6aut6  stormed 

andphmdered  Worcester,  1216 ;  laid  siege  unsuccessfully  to 

Mounteorr^  Ldceetershire,  and  shared  in  royaU«t  victory 

at  Lincoln,  1217 :  received  earldom  of  Lincoln ;  went  to 

Holy  LAnd,  1218 ;  joined  in  siege  of  Damietta,  1219 ;  de- 

Ktbed  royal  party  and  plotted  meflectually  with  Aum&le 

and  De  Brteuti  to  surprise  the  Tower  and  obtain  dis- 

mifleal  of  Hubert  de  Burgh,  but  ultimately  submitted ; 

took  part  with  Henry  in  siege  of  Nantes,  1230,  and  was 

Wft  in  Brittany  with  AnmAle  and  William  Marshall  in 

cfaaxKe  of  the  army ;  returned  to  TJJngland,  12S1.  [v.  267] 

BLUMDIEVILLS  or  XLUHVILLE,  THOMAS  db 
(d.  1236X  tnshop  of  Norwich;  nephew  of  Hubert  de 
Borgb;  ckrk  in  exchequer ;  bishop  of  Norwich,  1226. 

[v.  272] 

BLUVDKVnXB,  THOMAS  (/.  1561X  writer  on 
lumenansbip :  inherited  and  lived  on  estate  at  Newton 
riocman ;  published  *  The  fower  chiefyst  offices  belonging 
to  H(»%maiishippe,'  1565-6,  and  works  on  horses,  govem- 
lunt,  edncati(m  of  young  gentlemen,  logic,  and  astro- 
ofloy.  [v.  271] 

IIUST.    [See  also  Blount.] 

BIUIT,  ARTHUR  CECIL  (1844-1896).    [See  CBCI^ 

AlTHOL] 

BLUVT,  HENRY  (1794-1843),  divine;  educated  at 
Vatbant  Taylors'  School  and  Pembroke  College,  Cam- 
^«H?«:  BJL,  1817 ;  feUow ;  vicaf  of  CUre,  SufTolk,  1820 : 
iacunbent,  1890.  and  rector,  1832,  Trinity  Church,  Sloane 
^nct ;  rector  of  Streatham,  1835-43 ;  published  religious 
worki.  indaling  lectures  on  the  life  of  Christ,    [v.  272] 

BLUST.  JOHN  LE  id.  1248).    [See  Blund.] 

ILTOT,  JOHN  HENRY  (1823-1884),  divine ;  engaged 
in  bosiiMss  as  manufactoring  chemist ;  entered  University 
OoUesi!,  Dnrbam,  1850;  M.A^  1855;  vicar  of  Kenning- 
tai,iMar  Oxford,  1868;  held  crown  living  of  Beverstou, 
Gkncotenhire,  1873-84 ;  D.D.,  1882  ;  published  works  of 
tbeokiiry  and  ecclesiastical  hirtory.  [v.  273] 

BLUVT.  JOHN  JAMES  (1794-1855X  divine ;  B.A.  and 
idknr.St  John's  CoUege,  Cambridge,  1816 ;  M.A.,  1819; 
BJ>^  1826 ;  appointed  a  Wort's  travellhig  bachelor,  1818 ; 
tnvdkd  in  Italy  and  Sicily,  ami  published  results  of  ob- 
Kmtioos ;  preached  (and  afterwards  published)  Hulsean 
I«rtaRs,1831  and  1832;  rector  of  Great  Oakley,  Essex, 
liOi-t:  Lady  Margaret  professor  of  divinity,  1839 ;  author 
q(  MoMos,  lectunss,  uid  other  theological  works,  some  of 
vliKh  were  published  poetboraously.  [v.  274] 

UTEB,  RICHARD  (d.  1775),  antiquary:  F.R.S.: 
P^A.:  depaty-aodltor  tA.  office  c^  imprest;  clerk  of 
}QQnab.  1764 :  left  manuscript  ooUeotioos  for  topographi- 
cal IMory  of  Hezvfoidahire.  [v.  276] 


BLT88S,  JOHN  (</.  1530),  physician ;  B.A.  Oxford, 
1507 ;  M.O.P.,  1625 ;  left  'astronomical  tables'  at  Merton 
College,  Oxford,  now  lost.  [v.  276] 

BLYTH,  Sir  ARTHUR  (1823-1891X  premier  of  South 
Australia  ;  bom  and  educated  at  Birmingham ;  went  to 
South  Australia,  1839 ;  engaged  in  business  as  ironmonger 
in  Adelaide;  member  of  Adelaide  chamber  of  commerce : 
member  for  Yatala  district  iu  legislative  council,  1855: 
member  for  Gumeracha  in  first  electal  council,  1857,  and 
1870;  commissioner  of  works,  1857  and  1858-60:  trea- 
surer, 1860-1, 1862,  and  1865 ;  commissioner  of  lands  and 
immigration,  1864-5  and  1870-1 :  chief  secretary  and 
premier,  1866-7;  premier  and  treasurer,  1871-2;  premier, 
1873-5;  monber  for  North  Adelaide,  1875:  treasurer, 
1876;  agent-general  for  the  colony  in  England,  1h77; 
K.C.M.G.,  1877 :  C  Ji.,  1886.  [SuppL  i.  226] 

BLYTH,  EDWARD  (1810-1873),  zoologist:  druggist 
at  Tooting :  curator  of  museum  of  Asiatic  Society  of  Ben- 
gal, Calcutta,  1841 ;  returned  to  England  with  pension, 
1862 ;  publi^ed  catalogues  of  the  museum  and  other 
zoological  works.  [v.  276] 

BLYTHX,  GEOFFREY  (<#.  1530),  bUhop  of  Lichfield* 
and  Coventry;  educated  at  Eton  and  King's  College, 
Cambridge;  prebendary  of  York,  and  archdeacon  of 
Cleveland,  1493;  treasurer  of  church  of  Sarnm,  1494; 
prebeudaiT  of  St.  Paul's,  c.  1496:  dean  of  York,  1496; 
master  of  King's  Hall,  1499-1528;  prebendary  and  arch- 
deacon of  Sarum,  1499 :  bishop  of  Lichfield  and  Coventry, 
1503 ;  LL.D. ;  lord-president  of  Wales,  1512-1524. 

[V.  277] 

BLYTHS,  GEOFFREY  (</.  1542),  divine:  M.A.  King's 
College,  Cambridge,  1523 ;  LL.D.,  1529 ;  master  of  King's 
Hall,  Cambridge,  1528.  [v.  278] 

BLTTHX,  JOHN  (d.  1499).  bishop  of  Salisbury: 
warden  of  King's  Hall,  Ounbridgc,  1488  ;  master  of  rolls, 
1492 ;  bishop  of  Salisbury,  1494 ;  chancellor  of  Cambridge 
University,  1493-5.  [v.  278] 

BLYTHX,  JOHN  DEAN  (1842-1869X  miscellaneous 
writer :  successively  factory  hand,  newspaper  reporter  at 
Ashton-under-Lyne,  and  assistant  in  a  Manchester  firm ; 
left  miscellaneous  writings,  selections  from  which  were 
published  posthumously.  [v.  278] 

BOABEK,  JAMES  (1762-1839),  journalist;  editor  of 
'Oracle'  newspaper,  1789;  studied  at  Middle  Temple; 
wrote  several  successful  plays  and  published  an  exposure 
(1796)  of  the  Ireland  Shakespearean  forgeries,  a  work 
(1837)  on  Shakespeare's  'Sonnets,'  identifying  Mr.  W.  H. 
with  William  Herbert  (afterwards  Earl  of  Pembroke),  and 
biographies  of  actors  and  actresses.  [v.  278] 

BOABEN,  JOHN  (d.  1839),  portrait  painter ;  son  of 
James  Boaden  [q.  v.]  ;.  exhibited  at  Royal  Academy,  1810- 
1833.  [V.  279] 

BOADICEA  (cT.  62),  wife  of  Prasutagus,  king  (</.  e.  S0\ 
of  Iceni  of  Norfolk  and  Suffolk,  who  revolted  ineffec- 
tually against  Ostorius,  e.  50 :  headed  revolt  of  Iceni  and 
Trinobantes,  destroyed  Camulodunum  and  Londinium, 
and,  being  at  length  defeated  by  Suetonius  Paullinus,  took 
poison.  [v.  279] 

BOAO,  JOHN  (1776-1863X  compiler  of  the  '  Imperial 
Lexicon ' ;  educated  at  Glasgow ;  joined  congregationalists 
and  acted  for  many  years  as  evangelist;  pastor  and 
schoolmaster  at  Bku:kbum,  Linlithgowshire;  publi>*bed 
'Imperial  Lexicon'  (c.  1847-8),  wliich  held  its  own  until 
pubUoation  of  OgUvie's '  Dictionary.'  [v.  280] 

BOABBMAK,  BORBMAK,  BOUBBKAN,  or  BOXTB- 
HAV,  ANDREW (1560 ?-1639),  divine;  M.A.  St.  John's 
College,  Cambridge,  1675:  D.D.,  1694:  Lady  Margaret 
fellow,  1673 ;  Greek  lecturer,  158U :  junior  bursar,  1682 ; 
held  livings  at  AUchurxsh,  Warwickshire,  1586-1639. 

[V.  281] 

BOASE,  CHARLES  WILLIAM  (1828-1895X  historian  ; 
B.A.  Exeter  College,  Oxford,  1850;  fellow,  1850;  MJL, 
1853  ;  ordained  deacon,  1855 ;  tutor,  1865-84  ;  lecturer  in 
Hebrew,  1869-69,  and  in  modem  history,  1855-94;  uni- 
versity reader  in  modem  history,  1884-94;  honorary 
secretary  of  Oxford  Historical  Society,  1884;  published 
historical  works  relating  to  Oxford  and  other  writings, 
including  a  translation  (with  Dr.  G.  W.  Kitchin)  of 
Ranke's  *  History  of  EngUnd.  [SuppL  L  227] 


BOA8E 


118 


BOEHM 


BOASE,  GBOROB  OLEKENT  (1899-lffi»7),  biblio- 
grapher, brother  of  Oharles  WilUam  Boaae  [q.  v.] ;  en- 
gaged in  banking  and  insoranoe  offices  succeasively  in 
Penzance  and  London:  in  Australia,  1854-64:  manager 
of  provision  bosiness  of  Whitehead  &  Oo,  1866-74 :  retired 
and  occapied  himself  with  literarv  pursuits ;  published 
bibliographical  and  antiquarian  writings.  [SuppL  i.  228] 

BOASE,  HENRY  (1763-1827X  banker  and  author: 
chief  clerk  in  Messrs.  Ransom,  Morland,  and  Hammers- 
ley's  London  banking  house,  1792,  and  managing  partner, 
e.  1799 :  became  partner  in  Peosanoe  Union  Bank :  fellow 
of  Royal  Society  of  Literature,  1821 :  published  works  on 
finance,  [v.  281] 

BOASE,  HENRY  SAMUEL  (1799-1888),  geologist, 
son  of  Henry  Boaae  [q.  v.]  ;  studied  chemistry  at  Dublin ; 
M.D.  Edinburgh,  1821 ;  physician  at  Penzance ;  removed 
to  London :  F.rJs.,  1837 :  managing  partner  to  Tumbull 
Brothers,  bleachers,  of  Olaverhonse  Bleaohfleld ;  published 
scientific  works.  [v.  282] 

BOAST,  JOHN  (1648  ?-1694).    [See  Boste.] 

BOATE,  BE  BOOT,  B00TIU8,  or  B0TIU8,  ARNOLD 
«(1600?-1663?X  hebraist:  M.D.  Leyden:  studied  Hebrew 
rabbinical  writings ;  practised  medicine  at  Dublin :  phy- 
sician-general of  J^iglish  forces  in  Ireland;  removed 
to  Paris ;  published  *  Animadversiones  saorKs  ad  textum 
Hebraicum  Yeteris  Testamenti,*  1644,  also  medical  and 
other  works.  [v.  283] 

BOATE,  BE  BOOT,  BOOTITTS,  or  BOTIXTS,  GERARD 

(1604-166U),  physician;  brother  of  Arnold  Boate  [q.  v.]; 
bom  at  Qorcum,  Hollajod :  M.D.  L^den,  1628 ;  settled  in 
London :  physician  to  the  king ;  produced,  in  conjunction 
with  his  brother,  a  treatise  depreciatory  of  the  Aristotelian 

Ehilosophy,  1641;  L.G.P.,  1646;  doctor  to  hospital  at 
tubliu,  1649 :  wrote  *  Ireland's  Naturall  History,'  which 
was  published  posthumously  in  1662  by  Samnd  Hartlib, 
Milton's  friend.  [v.  284] 

BOBABT  or  BOBERT,  JAOOB,  the  elder  (1699-1680), 
botanist ;  bom  at  Brunswick ;  superintendent,  1638,  of 
Oxford  FhjAe  Garden,  of  which  he  published  a  catalogue. 

[V.  286] 

BOBABT,  JAOOB,  the  younger  (1641-1719X  botanist : 
sou  of  Jacob  Bobart  (1699-1680)  fq.  v.] ;  suooeeded  his 
father  as  superintendent  of  Oxford  Physic  (harden :  bota- 
nical proferaor,  Oxford,  1683-e.  1719 ;  brought  out  the 
third  part  of  Moriaon's  *  Historia  Plantarum,*  1699,  and 
left  manuscripts  relating  to  botanical  subjects,  [v.  286] 

BOBBDT,  TIM  (1708-1786).    [SeeOoLLDEB,  John.] 

BOOTELD,  ADAM  (>l.  1360),  Frauoiscan;  wrote 
commentaries  on  AiistoUe.  [v.  286] 

BOOHEB.  BOUOHER,  or  BT7T0HSB,  JOAN  (d. 
1660),  anabaptist  martyr;  sometimes  called  Joan  of 
EiE>fT:  friend  of  Anne  Askew  [q.  v.] ;  asserted,  1648, 
that  Ohrist  did  not  'take  flesh  of  the  virgin ' ;  examined 
by  Oranmer,  imprisoned,  and  subsequently  burned  at 
Smithfidd.  [v.  286] 

BOOK,  EBERHARDT  OTTO  GEORGE  von  (<f.  1814X 
baron;  entered  Hanoverian  cavalry,  c.  1781;  captain, 
1800 ;  came  to  England  ;  raised,  and  was  made  colonel  of 
1st  dragoons,  king's  GtenDoan  legion,  1804 ;  major-general, 
1810;  served  in  Peninsula;  wrecked  in  transport  on 
Tolbest  rocks.  [v.  287] 

BOOKDIO,  EDWARD  (d.  1584),  Benedictine :  leading 
supporter  of  EUzabeth  Barton  [q.  v.  j :  D.D.  Oanterbury  (k>l- 
lege,  Oxford,  1518;  warden;  entered  Benedictine  priory 
of  Ohrist  Ohurch,  Oanterbury,  c  1526 ;  sent  to  report  on 
Mizabeth  Barton's  alleged  revelations,  and  induced  her 
to  fdgn  her  manifestations;  hanged  as  one  of  her  sup- 
porters, [v.  287] 

BOOKDIO,  RALPH  (d,  1270),  Dontiinican;  private 
confessor  to  Richard  Wyob,  bishop  of  (Mcbester,  whose 
life  he  wrote.  [v.  288] 

BOOKKAV,  R.  CJl.  1750X  portrait  painter  and  mezzo- 
tint engraver  in  Amsterdam  and  later  in  England ;  pro- 
duced engravings  after  Yandyck  and  others.       [v.  288] 

BOCLAVD,  GEOFFREY  db  (Jl.  1195-1224X  jostioe ; 
jusUciar,  1195-7,  1201-4,  and  1218 ;  jusUce  itinerant  in 
Herefordshire,  1220 ;  dean  of  St.  Martin's-le-Grand ;  con> 
oemed  in  barons'  revolt,  1216 ;  died  before  1281. 

[v.  288] 


BOOLAHD,  HUGH  de,  or  HUGH  OF  BUGKLAND 
(tf.  1119?),  sheriff  of  Berkshire  before  1100,  and  sobae- 
qoently  sheriff  of  Middlesex  and  other  counties,  [v.  289] 

BODBIHGTOK,  HENRY  JOHN  (1811-1866X  artiat ; 
son  of  Edward  Williams :  took  his  wife's  name,  Boddingtoo, 
to  prevent  confusion  with  rdations  who  were  artists :  from 
1837  exhibited  scenes  of  country  life  at  Royal  Academy 
and  Society  of  British  Artists.  [v.  290] 

BODE,  JOHN  ERNEST  (1816-1874X divine:  educated 
at  Eton,  Oharterhouse,  and  Ohrist  Ohurch,  Oxford ;  ILA^ 
1840 ;  censor,  1844 ;  examiner  In  classics,  1846-8 ;  Bamptoa 
lecturer,1866:  rector  of  Westwdl,  1847,  and  of  (Castle  Oampe, 
1860 ;  published  poetical  and  other  works.  [v.  290] 

BODEK,  JOSEPH  (<f.  1811X  lieutenant<!olonel ;  Ueu- 
tenant  in  Bombay  native  infantry,  1781;  major,  180S; 
lieutenant-colonel,  1806 ;  judge-advocate ;  member  of 
military  board,  Bombay ;  left  money  to  found  Boden  pro- 
fessorship of  Sanscrit,  Oxford.  [v.  291] 

BODEHHAX,  JOHN  (A  1600X  reputed  editor  d 
Elizabethan  miscellanies :  planned  publloatiOD  of  the 
Elizabethan  miscellanies;  *Wlts  Oommonwealth,*  1697, 
'  Wits  Theater,'  1598,  '  Belvedere,  or  the  Garden  of  the 
Muses,'  1600,  and  'Englands  Helicon,'  1600.        [▼•  S^^] 

BODICHOV,  BARBARA  LEIGH  SMITH  (1827- 
1891),  benefactress  of  Glrton  Ck>llege ;  daughter  of  Ben- 
jamin Smith  [q.  v.]  ;  studied  water-colour  drawing  ooder 
William  Henry  Hunt  [q.  v.]  :  married  Dr.Eugene  Bodiobon, 
1857 ;  proposed  plan  of  and  endowed  Glrton  (^Uege. 

[SuppL  I.  229] 

BOBKHr,  Sm  WILLIAM  HENRY  (1791-1874),  legal 
writer ;  hon.  secretary  of  Society  for  Suppression  of  Men- 
dicity, 1821 ;  caUed  to  bar  at  Gray's  Inn,  1826 ;  joined 
home  circuit ;  recorder  of  Dover,  1832 ;  UJ?,  for  Rochester, 
1841-7;  assistant  judge  of  Middlesex  sessions,  1869; 
knighted,  1867 ;  oounsel  to  treasury ;  wrote  work  relating 
to  poor  laws.  [v.  292] 

BODLET,  Sir  JOSIAS  (1650  ?-1618),  miUtary  en- 
gineer; educated  at  Merton  College,  Oxford:  served  in 
Netheriands ;  captain  in  Leinster  against  Tyrone,  1598 : 
governor  of  Newry;  trenchmaster  at  sieges  of  Kinaale, 
1601,  Waterford,  1603,  and  other  garrisons:  superin- 
tendent of  Irish  castles,  1607 ;  assisted  in  survey  of  tllBter 
plantations,  1609 :  appointed  for  life  director-general  of 
fortiflcations  in  Ireland,  1612 ;  left  manuscripts  rdating 
to  his  life  and  duties  In  Ireland.  [v.  293] 

BODLET,  LAURENOE  (d.  1615),  canon  of  Exeter: 
elder  brother  of  Sir  Joslas  Bodley  fq.  v.] ;  M.A.  Oaiat 
Church,  Oxford,  1568 ;  D.D. ;  canon  of  Exeter  before  1588. 

[▼.294]    • 

BODLET,  Sib  THOMAS  (1545-1613),  diplomatist  and 
scholar;  eldest  brother  of  Josias  and  Laurence  Bodley 
[q.  v.]  ;  educated  at  (Geneva,  whither  his  parents  had  fled 
mm  protestant  persecution,  and  at  Magdalen  College, 
Oxford:  M.A.,  1566;  lecturer  in  natural  philosophy: 
university  proctor,  and  deputy  public  orator,  1569 ;  usher 
to  the  queen ;  engaged  In  mlsslans  to  Denmark,  1685,  and 
to  Henry  III  of  France,  1588 :  queen's  permanent  rerident 
In  United  Provlnoes,  1589-96  ;  began,  1598,  formation  of 
Bodleian  Library,  Oxford,  which  was  opaaed  1603  and 
endowed  by  Bodley  In  1611 :  knighted,  1604.  A  portrait 
of  him  Is  In  the  Bodleian  Library.  [▼•  294] 

BOECE  or  BOETHHTB,  HECTOR  (1465  7-15S6X 
historian ;  educated  at  Dundee  and  Paris,  In  which  uni- 
versity he  was  regent  or  professor,  e.  1492-8,  Erasmus 
being  one  of  his  contemporaries ;  assisted  WillUun  Elphin- 
stone,  bishop  of  Aberderai,  in  founding  (1505)  university 
ot  Aberdeen ;  first  princlp«l ;  published  lives  of  bishops  of 
Mortlach  and  Abe^been,  1522,  and  history  of  Scotland  to 
accession  of  James  III,  1527  (both  printed  in  Paris) :  the 
history  was  translated  into  Scottish  prose  by  John 
Bellenden,  1580-3  (printed  1536X  and  into  English  for 
Holinshed's  chronicles  by  William  Harrison,  1677  :  chap- 
lain of  St.  Andrew's  altar  In  church  of  St.  NleholM, 
Aberdeen ;  vicar  of  Tullynessle,  1528.  [v.  297] 


[,  ANTHONY  WILLIAM  (1678-1722),  divine; 
bom  at  Pyrmont,  Gtermany ;  came  to  London,  1701; 
opened  school,  1702 ;  assistant  chaplain  to  Prince  George, 
and  subsequently  to  (3eorge  I;  published  and  left  in 
manuscript  many  works  and  translations  in  Ctarman  and 
English.  [V.  800] 


BOKHK,    sm    JOeKPH    BDGAJt.    i 
flBM-lMO),  loiilpiiir :  bam  at  Viauu :  n 


Tietam:  mtUd  buoort.  Iffit. 


ardlur7   to   Queen 
[SuppL  L  S»] 
BOOIX,    2&0HART    (iau-l«U),    ■ntbor;     K,A. 
anal  CtuMl  CoOsee.  Oxfwl.  IWD  ;  MlDw,  lUT  ;  taCoi ; 
plbUed  Itilcioiu  uid  leamad  worU.  [t-  SOI] 

MSDAXI  or  BOODAn,  JAH^  (4.  ITW),  palntn 
tf  aiD4ifc  ud  Mnli :  bom  In  Bniigiu? ;  piitniiiiicd  Is 
^(lul  br  QneiD  Mm  [t.  Ml  ] 


Boam,  HuuPHREr  v 


,    HOMPHHBT    \ 


I'E,  loorUi  BiBL  or 


[.  RICH ABD  (1781-1813),  tsptaln  nfil  jirUl- 

-■    " ut  royiJ  •railBj,   ITM:    isooad 

>t  Ldpil*.  ['.  9US] 


BOILXAir, 
loglit:  H> 

SoclMy  of 

BOIB.  JOHN  (1 
1-M ;  Hppoliitfl] 


who  boltml  Uamtoi 

«pU>«  In  Eiitrlmiiil ;  qu 
od  In  eipelltlcn  BttminAi 

n  dciwuuc-liiif  Elie  Dspi 

■lain  Ht  Bcnu^bridffe,  VorkililFe, 
[T.3U») 


HumphRT  iki  B<ihun  Tni 
c4pt«in-treiKnJ  In  Brittany, 
CRHy :  Huden  ol  SuMttili 

JOHN  PBTER  (ITM-lMti,  >rch»- 

tH  RiOt  (.-on*  IKII;  cnlcl 

I;  FAA^  IWt]  Tice-pTTlUnit 


[■- 


MlKBliliiDcCoUlgi 

.  knd  member  ^bou 

tniifilH»l  poTtlODB  of  ApociTpbft  auk  of  tlie  lectLon  from 

Chrcoilclca  to  Outtcla:  ui>b.tal  In  Str  Henry  SaiU*'! 

oliliim  □(  'St.  Chrynoalom'  (printed  In  lElO-lt):  pce- 

Mn^lUTof  Ely,  16It:  publirlial  tnatlie  en  Greek  tccenU. 

]b3u.    His  crItWl  uat«  cm  pauiKa  in  Onck  T< 

nppvATed  poetjiumouiily,  1666.  [v.  siii 

Saint  Id,  eMX  tuiierlor  of  the  monutery 

.  ^T»  Ei&me  to  St.  IVhwcLL'f,  ILDiburghHlLlTT ; 

IcUgioluwritliiKiiireiittnljutal  toblm.  [t,1I3] 


[T.  3U6] 

,    BDHUSD   (IM»-1«MX    obief-iiaUoe    of 

Ouilim :  teUow-cooimoDer  IJnaiu'  College,  CunbrUge, 
'    '    i    of  pmet;    Uocnur  of   pabLLca- 
It.  leu.  lor  lUKUonlng  pabllcnUan 
-Tnt  (q.  T.]  ilrfaidlng  dootrlneor 
:  chlef-juittee  of  QtrolluB,  IBIta; 
impUsUgni,  md  InuulattaDa.  [>.SU<I] 


[V.  Ill] 
..  .       .  OSBERN  (11BS-U17  H 
AUKUntiniHTi  coUTc 


BOLOXOW,     HBS'RY      WILLI  A  U      PE  RUIN  AND 

(I8L«-18ISX  ImnmuUr :  bom  mt  Hulten,  UecklFuburg  : 

-     BngUtDl.  laiT  ;   tatata  parUii.'nlitp.  IMl.  u 

'iron»t  MkUlenbrouKklo  wtliolilowdlie 

beuelmcUti.  utlilMl)  Bnt  mayor ;  ll.t., 
[..  J16] 
BOUI,  HKHRY  ('J.  ler;).  divine :  tdiirsted  it  (.lirirt 
■        ■         oliapUintQEarlufArlinnton.  [i.llT] 

Bom,  HENBT  ( lfl»r-l«8ij.  poetioil  «  rit 


lie  from  Latin.       [V.SIt] 


BOLD 


120 


BOMEIilUS 


BOLD,  JOHN  (1679-1 7S1X  divine:  B.A.  St.  John's 
College,  Cambridge,  1698 :  curate  of  Bton^  SUnton,  17US- 
1751 ;  wrote  religiooa  works.  [▼.  317] 

BOLD.  SAMUEL  (1649-1787X  controvenialist ;  vicar 
of  Shapwick,  Dorsetshire,  1674 :  resigned  or  was  ejected, 
1688 ;  rector  of  Steeple,  Isle  of  Parbeck  (168S-17S7X  to 
which  l^eham  was  united  in  17SI:  preached  against 
perrtecation,  and  publisbed  '  Plea  for  Moderation  towards 
Dtssenters,*  168S,  for  which  he  was  fined  and  imprisoned. 
His  works  include  tracts  defending  John  Locke's  philo- 
sophy. [▼.  817] 

BOLDE&O,  EDMUND  (1 608-1 679X  divine .  M.A.  and 
fellow  of  Pembroke  Hall,  Cambridge,  1631 ;  ejected  from 
fellowship  under  Commonwealth  axui  imprisoned;  D.D., 
'1660;  held  rectories  in  Suffolk;  master  of  Jesus  C<dlege, 
Cunbridge,  1663 ;  vice^hanoellor  of  university,  1668  and 
1674.  [v.  818] 

BOLETV,  ANNE  (1607-1M6).    [See  Anne.] 

BOLETV,  GEORGE,  Vircount  Ruchford  (d.  Ift86), 
ton  of  Sir  Thomas  Bdeyn,  earl  of  Wiltshire  [q.  v.]  and 
brother  of  Anne  Boleyn  :  chief  steward  of  honour  of  Beau- 
lieu,  16S9 ;  governor  of  Bethlehem  Hospital,  1629 ;  knighted 
aind  created  Viscount  Rochford,  e.  1680 ;  warden  of  Cinque 
ports,  1684 ;  arraigned  for  incest  and  high  treason,  and 
executed,  17  May,  two  days  before  bis  sister.       [v.  819] 

BOLETV,  GEORGE  (d,  1603X  divine:  perhaps  son  of 
George  Boleyn,  viscount  Rochford  [q.  v.]  ;  sisar,  Trinity 
Hall,  Cambridge,  1544  ;  M.A.,  1660 ;  prebendary  of  York, 
1560;  prebendary  of  Chichester;  canon  of  Canterbur>\ 
1566;  D.D.,  and  dean  of  Lichfield,  1676 ;  prebendary  of 
Daaset  Parva,  1677-9.  [v.  820] 

BOLETV,  SiK  THOMAS,  Eabl  ov  Wjlixiiirr  (1477- 
1639X  lord  privy  seal :  keeper  of  exchange  at  Calais  and 
of  foreign  exchange  in  England,  1509 :  joint-ooni^ble  of 
Norwich  Castle.  1512 ;  accompanied  Sir  Edward  Poyn- 
ings  on  embassy  to  Low  Countries  ;  took  part  in  invasion 
of  France,  1513 :  sheriff  of  Kent,  1517 ;  went  cm  embassy 
to  Francis  1, 1519-20,  and  negotiated  arrangements  for 
Fidd  of  Cloth  of  Gold ;  Welsh's  agent  in  conferences  at 
Calais,  1621 ;  joint-ambassador  to  Spain,  1522-3 ;  treasurer 
of  household,  1522 ;  created  Ylsoount  Rochford,  1525 ; 
ambassador  with  Sir  Anthony  Browne  to  France,  1527; 
created  Earl  of  Wiltshire  and  Ormonde,  1529 ;  lord  privy 
seal ;  ambassador  to  Charles  Y,  1580,  and  to  France  on 
business  of  Henry  YIIFs  divorce :  father  of  Queen  Anne 
Boleyn.  [v.  321] 

BOLIVGBROKE,  Earl  op  (1580?- 1646).  [See  St. 
John,  Ouvkr.] 

BOLIVGBROKE,  Yibcount  (1678-1751).  [See  St. 
John,  Henrt.] 

BOLIVOBEOKE,  HENRY  (1785-1855X  writer  on 
Demcrara,  whither  he  made  a  voyage  in  1708.     [v.  323] 

BOLLAVD.  Sib  WILLIAM  (1772-1840X  judge; 
M.A.  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  1797  ;  called  to  bar  at 
Middle  Temple,  18U1 ;  practised  at  Old  Bailey :  recorder 
of  Reading,  1817-29 ;  beroo  of  exchequer,  1829-39 :  one 
of  originators  of  lioxburghe  Club.  [v.  823] 

BOLLARD,  NICHOLAS  (/1. 1500  ?),  naturalist :  au- 
thor of  a  manuscript  work  on  cultivation  of  trees. 

[v.  324] 

BOLROV,  ROBERT  (Jl.  1674-1680X  informer :  suc- 
cessively jeweller's  apprentice,  foot-soldier,  and  manager  of 
Sir  Thomas  Gascoigne's  collieries,  Barmbow,  Yorkshire ; 
becaune  party  to  popish  plot  against  James  II,  and  in- 
formed against  Gascoiguc,  who  was  tried  and  acquitted. 

[V.  824] 

BOLTOV,  DUKRR  ov.  [See  Paulkt,  Charlkp,  first 
DuKB,  1625?-1699;  Paulkt,  Charlrk,  second  Dukk^ 
1661-1722:  Paulkt,  Charijsr,  third  Duke,  1685-1754; 
Paulbt,  Harrt,  sixth  Dukk,  1719-1794.] 

BOLTOV,  Duchksb  of  (1708-1760).  [See  Fenton, 
Lavikia.] 

BOLTOV,  first  Baron  (1746-1807).  [See  Ordb, 
Thomas.] 

BOLTOV  or  BOULTOV,  EDMUND  (1576  7-163.3?), 
historian  and  poet ;  free  commoner.  Trinity  Hall,  Cam- 
bridge ;  studied  at  Inner  Temple :  contributed  to '  Eng- 
land's Helicon,'  1600;  formulated  a  scheme,  1617,  for  a 
royal  academy  of  letters  and  science,  which  was  favour- 


ably received  by  James  I,  who  died  before  it  was  carried 
out;  subsequently  imprisoned  snooessividv  in  Fleet  and 
Marshalsea.  Among  his  writings  are  *  The  Roman  His- 
tories of  Lucius  lulius  Floras*  (transIatedX  1618,  *Nero 
(Tseear,*  1624,  and  a  life  of  Henry  II.  [v.  826] 

BOLTOV,  Sir  FRANCIS  JOHN  (18S1-1887X  soldier 
and  electrician;  enlisted  in  royal  artillery;  ensign  in 
Gold  Coast  artillery  corps,  1857;  served  at  Crobboe 
Heights,  1858;  captain,  12th  foot.  1860;  engaged,  with 
Captain  (afterwards  Rear-admiral)  Philip  Howard  Oolomb 
[q.v.],  in  developing  system  of  visual  signalling:  in- 
vented  oxy-calcium  liffht  for  night  signalling ;  brevvt- 
major,  1868 :  assisted  in  founding  Society  of  Telegraph 
Engineers  and  Electricians.  1871 :  lieutenant-colond,1877 
honorary  colonel,  1881 ;  designed  and  controlled  coloured 
fountains  and  electric  lights  for  exhibitions  at  South  Ken- 
slngtou,  18K3-6  ;  knighted,  1884.  [Suppl.  i.  SSO] 

BOLTOV,  Sir  GF/)RGE  (d.  1807  ?),  preceptor  to  royal 
princesses ;  knighted  ;  wrote  on  firearms.  [v.  827] 


BOLTOV,  JAMES  (Jl.  1775-1795),  naturalist:  of 
humble  blrih  ;  published  works  on  natural  historv. 

[V.  827] 

BOLTOV,  JAMES  JAY  (1824-1868X  evangelical 
divine ;  educated  in  America  and  at  Corpus  Christi  Col> 
lege,  Cambridge;  B.A.,  1848;  incumbent  of  St  Paal*s 
Episcopal  Chapel,  Kllbum ;  published  religions  works. 

[V.828] 

BOLTOV,  Sir  RICHARD  (1670  7-1 648X  kiwyer  ;  prac- 
tised at  English  bar ;  recorder  of  Dublin,  1604  ;  member  of 
Society  of  King's  Inn,  Dublin,  1610-13  ;  M.P.  for  Dublin, 
1613 ;  knighted,  1618 :  solicitor-general  for  Ireland,  1619  : 
attorn^-generak  to  court  of  wurds,  Dublin,  1622 ;  chief 
baron  of  Irish  exchequer,  1625 ;  chancellor  of  Irdand, 
1689 :  chief  adviser  of  Strafford  hn  his  attempts  to  Intro- 
duce arbitrary  government ;  Impeaclied  of  high  treason 
by  Irish  House  of  Commons,  but  the  impeachment  aban- 
doned, 1641-2 ;  one  of  principal  counsellors  of  Ormonde  in 
negotiating  with  Irish  confederation  concerning  peace, 
1644 :  published  *  Statutes  of  Ireland,'  1621,  and  other  legal 
writings.  [v.  828] 

BOLTOV,  ROBERT  (1572-1031),  puritan :  olucated 
at  Blackburn  and  Lincoln  and  Brasenoee  colleges  Ox- 
ford;  B.A..  1596;  fellow  of  Brasenose  and  M.A.,  1602: 
lecturer  in  logic  and  moral  and  natural  philosophy  ;  BJ)., 
1609 :  rector  of  Broughton,  Northamptonshire.  1610-81 : 
publislied  religioutt  works.  [v.  880] 

BOLTOV,  ROBERT  (1697-1768),  divine;  M.A.  Wad- 
ham  College,  Oxford,  1718  ;  LL.D. :  transferred  to  Hart 
HalU  1719  ;  fellow  of  Dulwich  College,  1722-5  ;  preacher 
'  at  Rolls  Chapel,  London,  1729 ;  dean  of  Carlisle,  1785,  and 
vicar  of  St.  Mary's,  Reading,  1738-63 ;  published  rdigioos 
works.  [v.  882] 

BOLTOV,  SAMUEL  (1606-1654), divine;  educated  at 
Christ's  College,  Cambriidge;    member   of  Westmhaster 
I  assembly  of  divincH,  1643  ;  D.D. ;  master  of  Christ's  Col- 
lege, 1645 ;  vice-chancellor  of  Cambridge  University,  1651 ; 
published  religious  works.  [v.  333] 

BOLTOV,  WILLIAM  (rf.  1532%  architect :  prior  of 
!  monastery  of  St  Bartholomew's,  Smithfieki,  r.  1506 ;  sak) 
to  have  designed  Henry  YII's   chapel   in  Westminster 
Abbey.  [v.  88X] 

BOLTS,  WILLEM  or  WILLIAM  (1740  ?-1808XDateh 
adventurer ;  merchant  in  Lisbon ;  entered  Bengal  civil 
service,  1759;  second  in  council  at  Benares,  1764;  re- 
Higned  tlie  service,  laeing  reprimanded  for  uslxig  the  East 
India  Company's  authority  for  private  trading  scheme, 
1766  ;  deported  to  England,  1768 ;  published  work  attack- 
ing government  in  Bengal ;  became  colonel  in  Austrian 
service,  1778,  and  founded  establishments  in  India  for  an 
Austrian  East  India  Company;  died  in  Pltris.  .[v.  838] 

B0MELITI8,  ELISEUS  or  LICIUS  (d.  1574  7\  physi- 
cian and  astrologer:  born  at  Weeel;  M.D.  Cambridge: 
physician  and  astrologer  in  London :  arrested  for  prac- 
tising without  license  of  College  of  Physicians,  1567; 
*open  prisoner,*  1570:  settled  in  Russia,  1570,  and,  as 
magician,  gained  favour  of  Ivan  lY ;  arrested,  e.  1574.  on 
charges  of  intriguing  with  kings  of  Poland  and  Sweden 
against  tlie  tsar,  and  snbeequentiy  died  in  prison  :  pub- 
lished astrological  works.  [v.  884] 


BONAR 


121 


BONTFAOE 


ANDREW  ALBXANDBR  (1810-1899X  Soot- 
tfih  divine ;  brotber  of  Horatias  Booar  [q.  t.]  ;  edooatal 
at  Bdinboiirb;  Uoemed  preacber,  1836 ;  ordained  minister 
Q<  OoQace,  Fiertlishiie,  1838 ;  joined  Free  choroh,  1843 : 
"»*"^^^  of  rinniotoa,  Olaagow,  1866-9S ;  pabliabed  re- 
Ugioaa  writb^s.  [SnppL  L  S32] 

»ftwa»  ABOHIBALD  (17ftS-1816X  divine:  son  of 
John  Boaar  the  dder  [q.  t.]  ;  educated  at  Bdinbiirgh ; 
minMer  nipeesrivcly  at  Newborn,  Glasgow,  and  Cramond ; 
pabiiafaid  reUgioaa  works.  [▼.  385] 


HOBATins  (I808-1889X  Scottisb  dirine: 
TTJiritnl  afc  Bdinborgh  University :  engaged  in  missioa 
wvrk  ai  Leith :  minister  of  new  Korth  Ohnrcb,  Kelso, 
1837 :  joined  Free  cburch,  1843 ;  honorary  DJO.  Aberdeen, 
180:  minister  of  Obalmexs  Manorial  Oborob,  Bdinbargb, 
188< :  modoator  of  general  assembly  of  Free  cborcb,  1883 ; 
effisedsererai  reUgioos  periodicals,  and  pnbiisbed  bymns 
(tndoding  '  I  beard  tbe  voioe  of  Jesus  say ')  and  otber 
ici^loas  writings^  [Snppi.  i.  S81] 


JAMES  (1767-1831 X  brother  of  Archibald 
[q.  ▼•!  *•  educated  at  Bdinboigh ;  solicitor  in  excise 
oOoe :  treaMirer  of  Bcyyal  Society,  Bdinbargb ;  promoter 
of  Astotmuuiical  Institation ;  oontribated  to  *  Encyclo- 
iMBdia  Britannica  *  and  *  Bdinbargb  Bncyotopcedia.* 

[▼.386] 
BOVAE,  JOHN,  tbe  elder  (1733-1 761X  Scottish  divine  : 
-*"- ft**^  at  Bdinbargb  University :  minister  of  Oookpen, 
nesr  Dnikeitli,  174« ;  called  to  collate  church  of  Perth, 
17IC ;  patriistaed  wrrmons  and  otber  rdigloos  works. 

[V.  386] 
BOVAJt,  JOHN,  the  younger  (1747-1807X  first  soUcitor 
of  excise  in  Scotland:  son  of  John  Bonar  (1733-1761) 
[q.  v.] :  edocated  at  Bdinbargb :  joint-editor  of  '  Misoel- 
of  Poetry,*  1766.  [v.  336] 


BOKAB,  JOHN  JAMBS  (1808-1891X  Scottish  divine : 
bratber  of  Horatios  Bonar  [q.  v.] :  educated  at  Bdin- 
bargb :  DJ>.,  1883  :  licensed  preacher,  1837 :  minister  of 
St.  Andrew^  Qreenock,  1836 :  joined  Free  oharch,  1848 ; 
pafalished  reUgioas  handbooks.  [Suppl.  L  333] 

BOHAVJUiTUKA,  THOMABINB  (d.  1610  ?X  OomlBb 
boMfaotren :  Gomish  peasant  girl ;  married  successively 
three  rich  London  merchants,  tbe  last  being  Sir  John 
BBcyvaQ,  k»fd  mavor,  1498;  worked  t<xt  the  improve- 
oent  of  social  oondlticms  in  0>mwaU.  [v.  336] 

BOKD,  DANIEL  (1736-180SX  painter;  exhibited 
knd&oapcs  at  Society  of  Arts,  1763-8,  and  received 
pnaBoioms  from  the  society,  1764  and  1766.  [v.  337] 

BOKD,  DENNIS  id.  1668X  poUtician:  woollen 
draper  at  Dorchester  :  bailiff,  1630 ;  mayor,  1636 :  M.P., 
1640;  one  of  coaunisaioners  to  Uy  Charles  1, 1649 ;  member 
of  ooancil  of  state,  1649-63;  president  of  council,  1663 
snd  1663 :  member  of  council's  committee  for  trade,  1666 ; 
Mf .  for  Weymouth  and  Mdcombe  Regis,  1664  and 
16M ;  baried  in  Westminster  Abbey,  but  body  exhumed, 
1661.  [V.  337] 


SIR  BDWABD  AUGUSTUS  (1816-1898X 
principal  librarian  of  British  Museum ;  educated  at  Mer- 
chant Taylors*  School ;  asdstant  in  Record  Office,  1833, 
sad  in  British  Museum,  1838;  Egerton  librarian,  1860; 
keeper  of  manoscripts,  1866J;  principal  librarian,  1878-88 ; 
sobotitoted  printed  fcir  manuscript  catalogue  in  printed 
book  department,  and  adopted  sliding  press  for  books ; 
foonikd,  with  Sir  E.  Maunde  Tbompaon,  Palsographical 
Sodecy.  1873 :  C.B^  1886 ;  K.O.B.,  1898 :  honorary  LL.D. 
OuDbridge.    He  edited  historical  and  other  works. 

[SuppL  i.  332] 
BOSS.  GBOROE  ( 1760-1 796X  lawyer ;  barrister   of 
Mkldle  Temple;  serjeant,    1786;   practised   at   Surrey 

[V.  338] 


BOVD,  HENRY  JOHN  HALES  (1801-1 883X  physi- 
eisa ;  M.B.  Corpus  Christi  College,  Cambridge,  1826  ;  M.D^ 
1331 :  stodied  at  London,  Edinburgh,  and  Paris ;  regius 
of  physic,  Cambridge,  1 861-72.  [v.  338] 


BOn>,  JOHN  (1660-1618X  physician  and  classical 
ttUkur,  M  JL  Oxford,  1679 ;  master  of  free  school,  Taunton ; 
pnctindl  as  physician;  probably  chief  secretary  to 
Vori  chancellor  Egerton ;  M.P.  for  Taunton,  1601  and 
ltt3:  poblisbed  commentaries  on  Horace  (1606X  and 
left  ootes  on  Peraias  (published  posthumously,  1614). 

[v.  339] 


BONO,  JOHN  (1613-1676X  puritan  divine ;  son  of 
Dennis  Bond  [q.  v.]  ;  BJL  St.  Catharine's  Ctdlege,  Cam- 
bridge, 1631 ;  fellow  ;  MA.,  1636  :  LLD.,  1646  ;  minister, 
1646,  and  master  of  the  Savoy ;  master  of  Trinity  Hall, 
1646;  vioe-cbanoellor  of  Cambridge  University,  1668; 
professor  of  law,  Oresham  College,  Lond<m,  1649  ;  loKb 
preferments  at  Restoration.  [v.  340] 

BOND,  JOHN  JAMES  a819-1888X  chronologist  ; 
senior  assistant  keeper  in  public  record  office ;  compiled 
chronological  tables.  [v.  840] 

BONO,  JOHN  LINNELL  (1766  -  1887 X  architect, 
gold  medallist,  Royal  Academy,  1786  ;  prepared  design  for 
Waterloo  Bridge.  [v.  840] 

BONO,  MARTIN  (1668-1643X  merchant  adventurer  ; 
son  of  William  Bond  (d.  1676)  [q.  v.] ;  chief  captain  of 
train-bands,  1688-1643;  treasurer  of  St.  Bartholomew's 
Hospital,  1619-36.  [v.  840] 

BONO,  NATHANIEL  a634-1707X  king's  serjeant: 
son  of  Dennis  Bond  [q.  v.] ;  B.CX.  All  Souls'  CoUega, 
Oxford,  1654 ;  called  to  bar  at  Inner  Temple,  1661 ; 
M.P. :  recorder  of  Weymouth,  1683 :  serjeant-at-law, 
1689  ;  king's  serjeant  and  knighted,  1693.  [v.  338] 

BOND,  NICHOLAS  ( 1640-1 608X  president  of  Magda- 
len College,  Oxford  :  B.A  St  John's  College,  Cambridgs, 
1664 ;  fellow  of  Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  1666-76 ;  M.A. 
Oxford,  1674  ;  D.D.,  1680 ;  canon  of  Weatminster,  1682  ; 
chaplain  of  Savoy  and  chaplain  in  ordinary  to  queen ; 
vice-chancellor  of  Oxford  University,  1690-1  and  1698-3 ; 
president  of  Magdalen  College,  1690.  [v.  341] 

BOITD,  OLIVER  (1760  7-1798X  repnbUcan ;  wool 
merchant  in  Dublin ;  original  member  ot  *  Society  of 
United  Irishmen,'  1791 ;  tried  and  imprisoned  in  New- 
gate as  secretary  of  society  for  publication  of  resolutions 
condemning  government's  policy  towards  Ireland  and 
catholics,  1793 ;  directed  organisation  to  establish  inde- 
pendent Irish  republic  1798;  found  guilty  of  high 
treason  ;  died  in  prison.  [v.  341] 

BOND,  THOMAS  (1766-1837X  topographer;  town 
clerk  of  East  Looe  and  West  Looe,  CornwaU,  on  which 
places  be  published  a  topographical  work  (1^3).  [v.  842] 

BOND,  WILLIAM  (<f.  1676X  sheriff  of  London  in 
1687.  [V.  840] 

BOKD,  WILLIAM  (</.  1736X  dramatist:  wrote 
*  Tuscan  Treaty '  (acted  at  Covent  Garden,  1733X  and 
other  works,  including  contributions  to  'Plain  Itealer,' 
1724.  [V.  343] 

BONE,  HENRY  (1766-1834X  painter;  employed  in 
London  as  enameller;  exhibited  portraits  in  Royal 
Academy  from  1780 :  enamel  painter  to  Prince  of  Wales, 
1800,  and  to  the  king  1801,  till  death  ;  ARJL,  1801 ; 
R.A.,  1811.  [v.  343] 

BONE,  HENRY  PIERCE  (1779-1865).  painter:  son 
of  Henry  Bone  [q.  v.]  ;  painted  classical  subjects  in  oils, 
1806-33,  and  subsequently  in  enamels.  [v.  344] 

BONE,  ROBERT  TREWICK  (1790-1840X  painter; 
brother  of  Henry  Pierce  Bone  [q.  v.]  ;  painter  of  sacred, 
classic,  and  domestic  subjects.  [v.  344] 

BOKXB,  CHARLES  (1816-1870X  author  ;  lived  with 
Baron  August  Doemberg  and,  later,  with  Prince  Thum 
and  Taxis  in  Germany  and  Ratisbon  ;  special  correspon- 
dent of  '  Daily  News'  in  Vienna,  1866  ;  published  poetical 
and  other  works.  [v.  344] 

BOKHAM,  Sir  SAMUEL  GEOrIgE  (1803-1863X 
politician ;  employed  under  East  India  Company ; 
governor  of  Penang,  Singapore,  and  Malacca,  1837-47 ; 
governor  of  Hongkong  and  plenipotentiary  and  superin- 
tendent of  trade  in  China,  1847  ;  K.G.B.,  1861  ;  returned 
to  England  and  was  made  baronet,  1863.  [v.  846] 

BOVHAM,  THOMAS  (d.  1629  ?X  physicUn  :  M.D. 
St.  John's  CioUege,  Cambridge,  and  incorporated  at 
Oxford,  1611 ;  Ms  medical  writings  were  published  post- 
humously, [v.  346] 

BOKHOTS,  ELIZABETH  (1744-1818X  authoress; 
published  novels,  essays,  and  otber  works,  1773-1810. 

[V.  346] 

B0NIFA(;E,  Saixt  (Cfi0-765X  the  apostle  of  Ger- 
many;  born   at  Kirton  or  Crediton,  Devonshire;    hi? 


BONTPAOE 


122 


BOmrTHON 


original  name  Wlnfrid  or  Winfrith  ;  eduoated  in  monas- 
tery at  Exeter,  and  at  Nursling,  near  Winchester ;  or- 
dained priest,  e.  710 ;  went  to  Frisia,  716,  bat  being 
refused  by  Radbod,  the  pagan  chief,  pemdssion  to  preach, 
returned  to  Nursling  ;  went  to  Rome,  718,  and  obtaining 
letters  of  authority  from  Gregory  II  proceeded  to 
Bavaria  and  Thuringia ;  on  death  of  Badbod  laboured 
successfully  among  Frisians  and  Hessians,  719-S3 :  bishop, 
738 :  instituted  ecclesiastical  organisation  in  HesHia  and 
Thuringia  :  archbishop,  782 ;  organised  Bavarian  church, 
739 ;  appointed  legate  to  Pope  Zacharias,  and  entrusted 
with  rerormation  of  FranUsh  church,  741 :  took  posses- 
sion of  see  of  Menta,  with  jurisdiction  over  sees  of 
Worms,  Cologne,  Utrecht,  and  others  established  by  him 
in  Gfermany,  746 ;  established  monasteries  at  Fritslar, 
Utrecht^  Fulda,  Amanabnrg,  and  Ordorf  or  Ohrdruf; 
slain  with  his  followers  by  pa^ms  at  Dokkum  on  the 
Bordau.  He  left  a  set  of  eocleiiiastical  statutes,  fifteen 
sermons,  and  other  religious  works.  [v.  846] 

BOKIFAOE  OF  Savot  (4.  1270),  archbishop ;  son  of 
Thomas  I,  count  of  Savoy;  entered  Oarthusian  order; 
bishop  of  BeUey,  near  Ohambery,  1234 ;  undertook  ad- 
ministration of  bishopric  of  Valence,  1241 :  related  to 
Henry  III  by  the  marriage  of  his  sister  Beatrix's  daughter 
Eleanor  ;  elected  archbishop  of  Canterbury,  1241 ;  came 
to  Rngland,  1244 ;  reformed  financial  management  of 
archbishopric :  attended  council  of  Lyons,  1244  ;  returned 
to  Bngland,  1249 ;  instituted  visitation  of  province  of 
Oanterbury,  which  was  strongly  resisted;  retired  to 
Rcnne,  1260-2;  made  expedition  to  relieve  his  brother 
Thomas  when  Imprisoned  for  tyranny  by  people  of 
Turin,  1266  ;  took  part  at  first  with  bishops  against  king 
and  pope,  1266,  but  joined  papal  legate  in  excommuni- 
cating rebellions  barons  (1268)  at  Boulogne ;  returned  to 
England,  1265 ;  died  at  St.  Helena,  Savoy,  whUe  accom- 
panying Edward  I  on  crusade.  [v.  860] 

BOKnrOTOir,     RIOHARD    PARKES    (1801-1828X 

giinter;  studied  water-oolour  painting  under  Louis 
rancia  at  Oalais  and  at  the  Louvre  and  Institute,  and 
under  Baron  Gros  in  Paris ;  first  exhibited  at  Salon,  1822 ; 
made  drawings  for  Baron  Taylor's  *  Voyages  Pittoreeques 
dans  Tancienne  France '  and  other  works ;  began  to  paint 
in  oil-colours,  c  1824;  visited  England  (1826),  where  he 
first  exhibited,  1826 ;  painted,  in  England, '  Deux  fcmmes 
au  milieu  d'un  paysage '  (ei^^n^ved  for  the  *  Anniversary,' 
1828) ;  died  during  visit  to  England.  [v.  852] 

BOKKAB,  QEOIUJB  WILLIAM  (1796-1836),  wood- 
engraver  :  executed  wood-engravings  for  Douoe's  edition 
of  *  The  Danoe  of  Death,*  1833,  and  other  works,  [v.  364] 

BONKAB,  WILLIAM  (lHOO-1863),  painter ;  foreman 
of  decorative  business ;  member  of  Royal  Scottish  Aca- 
demy soon  after  its  foundation.  His  pictures  include  por- 
traits and  historical,  rural,  and  humorous  pieces. 

[V.  364] 

BONVSAU,  JAOOB  {d.  1786X  painter ;  teacher  of 
drawing  and  perspective;  member  of  the  Society  of 
British  Artists,  exhibiting  landscapes,  1766-78.  [v.  856] 

BOKKELL,  JAMES  (1668-1699),  accountant-general 
of  Ireland ;  bom  of  English  parents  at  Gtenoa :  came  to 
England,  his  father  (and  himself  in  reversion)  having  been 
appointed  accountant-general  of  Ireland  in  return  for  ser- 
vices to  Oharlee  II  while  in  exile ;  educated  at  St.  Oatba- 
rine's  Hall,  Oambridge :  undertook,  c  1684,  duties  of 
accountantigeneral  of  Ireland.  He  translated  parts  of 
Synesius  into  English.  [v.  366] 

BONKEB  or  BONBB,  EDMUND  (1600  ?-1669),  bishop 
of  London  ;  educated  at  Pembroke  Coll^re,  Oxford ;  was 
ordained  and  took  degrees  of  bachelor  of  canon  and  civil 
law,  1619:  D.O.L.,  1626;  chaplain  to  Oardinal  Wolsey, 
1629 ;  sent  to  Rome  to  protest  against  Henry  VIII's  being 
cited  thither  on  the  question  of  his  divorce,  1682;  re- 
ceived benefice  of  Oherry  Burton,  1682 ;  appealed  in  per- 
son to  Clement  VII  against  Henry's  excommunication 
after  marriage  with  Anne  Boleyn,  1683  ;  received  living 
of  East  Dereham,  Norfolk,  1634 ;  bishop  of  Hereford  and 
ambassador  to  French  court,  1638 ;  bishop  of  London, 
1639 ;  ambassador  to  the  emperor,  1642-3 ;  imprisoned  in 
Fleet  for  non-acceptance  of  Edward  VT's  injunctions  and 
the  Book  of  Homilies,  1647 :  reprimanded  for  neglectins:  to 
enforce  use  of  new  pra3rer-book,  and  imprisoned  in  Mar- 
shalsea,  1649-63 ;  deprived  of  bishopric  for  omission  to 
set  forth  in  a  sermon  at  Paul's  Cross  that  Edward's  autho- 
rity in  his  minority  was  not  less  than  if  he  were  of 


mature  years ;  restored  to  his  see,  1668  ;  joined  in  judicial 
capacity  with  great  severity  in  Marian  persecatioD ;  re* 
fused  oath  of  supremacy  and  was  deprived  of  bishopric, 
1669 ;  died  in  the  Marshalsea.  [v.  866] 

BOKNEB,  RICHARD  (J.  1648),  author  of  a  timtiae 
on  the  sacrament.  [v.  860] 

BONNET,  HENRY  KAYE  (1780-1862),  divine  ;  edu- 
cated at  Charterhouse,  Emmanuel  and  Christ's  colleges, 
Cambridge;  M.A.,  1806;  D.D.,  1824;  prebendary  of  Lin- 
coln, 1807 ;  examining  chapbiin  to  Dr.  Pelham,  bishop  of 
Lincohi,  1820;  dean  of  Stamford,  1 827.  His  published  works 
include  a  life  of  Jeremy  Taylor,  1816.  [v.  360] 

BONNOB,  CHARLES  (A  1777-1829  ?X  actor ;  appren- 
ticed as  coachmnker ;  appeared  successfully  on  stage  at 
Bath,  1777,  and  pluyal  at  Coveut  (harden,  1783;  eudcavoared 
ineffectually  to  establish  an  English  theatre  in  Ptuis, 
1784  ;  appointed  deputy-comptroller  of  the  poet-oiBoe  and 
retired  from  stage,  c.  1786 ;  comptroller-geueraL,  1788 ; 
comptroller  of  inland  department,  1792-4.  [v.  861] 

BONNOB,  THOMAS  {ft.  1763-1807X  topographical 
draughtsman ;  engraved  plates  for  several  county  U»- 
tories.  [v.  862] 

B0NNY0A8TLE,  JOHN  (1760  7-1821),  mathematioal 
writer ;  kept  an  acariemy  at  Hackney  ;  professor  of  mathe- 
matics. Royal  Military  Academy,  Woolwich,  c.  1782; 
wrote  works  on  elementary  mathematics.  [v.  362] 

B0NNY0A8TLE,  Sir  RICHARD  HENRY  (1791- 
1847),  Iteatenant-colouel  royal  engineers  ;  first  lieutenant, 
royal  engineers,  18U9  ;  in  American  campaigns,  1812-14, 
and  witii  army  of  oocuimtiou  in  France  ;  served  during 
Canadian  rebellion  of  1837-9  ;  knighted,  1838  ;  coounand- 
ing  engineer  in  Newfoundland  ;  lieutenant-oolonei,.  1840 : 
retired,  1847 ;  published  topographical  works  relating  to 
America.  [v.  363] 

BONOHI,  JOSEPH,  the  elder  (1739-1808),  architect : 
bom  at  Rome  ;  came  to  England,  1767  ;  settied  in  piao- 
tice  in  London,  1784  ;  A.R.A.,  1789  ;  exhibited  drawings 
at  Royal  Academy,  1783-1806.  Hia  works,  which  are 
chiefly  in  Grecian  renaissance  style,  include  several 
country  mansions.  [v.  363] 

BONOMI,  JOSEPH,  the  younger  (1796-1 878X  sculptcr 
and  draughtsman  ;  son  of  Joseph  Bonomi  (1739-1806) 
[q.  v.] ;  stuilent  at  Royal  Academy ;  studied  sculpture 
under  NoUekens ;  visited  Egypt  with  Lepsins,  1842 : 
made  drawings  for  Warren  and  Fahey's  panorama  of 
Nile  ;  curator  of  Soane's  Museum,  Lincoln's  Inn  Fidds, 
1861-78 ;  illustrated  egyptological  works.  [v.  364] 

BONYILLE.  ANTHONY,  oHom  Terill  (1621-1676X 
Jesuit ;  bom  at  Canford  ;  educated  at  St.  Omer  and  Bkig- 
lish  college,  Rome  ;  ordained  priest,  1647  ;  enteral  Socielj 
of  JcsuB,  1647 ;  successively  professor  of  philosophy  at 
Florence  and  Parma,  and  of  theology  and  mathematics 
at  Li^e ;  published  philosophical  and  religious  treatises. 

[v.  364] 

BONVISI,  ANTONIO  {d.  1668),  men;hant ;  of  Italian 
descent ;  probably  bom  in  London  ;  dealt  in  wool,  jewds, 
and  foreign  articles,  and  acted  as  banker  to  government ; 
fled  to  continent  at  beginning  of  Edward  VI's  reign,  being . 
a  catholic  ;  died  at  Louvain.  [v.  866] 

BONWICKE,  AMBROSE,  the  younger  (1692-1714X 
nonjuror ;  son  of  Ambrose  Bonwicke  (166i2-1722)  [q.  v.] ; 
educated  at  Merchant  Taylors'  School  and  St.  John's  CM- 
1^^  Cambridge,  having  been,  as  nonjuror,  disqualified  at 
Oxford.  [v.  366] 

BONWICKE,  AMBROSE,  the  elder  (1662-1722X  non- 
jnror;  educated  at  Merchant  Taylors'  School  and  St 
John's  (College,  Oxford  ;  fellow  ;  M.A.,  1676  ;  B.D.,  1682 ; 
ordained  priest,  1680 ;  head-master  of  Merchant  Taylors' 
School,  1686  ;  refused  oath  of  allegiance  to  William  III, 
and  was  dismissed  from  head-mastership,  1691.  [v.  866] 

BONYTHON,  CHARLES  (</.  1705X  lawyer ;  caUed  to 
bar  at  Gray's  Inn,  1678  ;  steward  of  courts  of  Westmin- 
ster, 1688-1705 ;  M.P.  for  Westminster,  1686-7  ;  serjeant- 
at-law,  1692 ;  committed  suicide.  [v.  S67] 

BONYTHON,  RICHARD  (1680-1660  ?X  AmericMl 
settler ;  settled  in  Maine,  America,  1631 ;  commissioner 
for  government  of  Maine,  1636 ;  member  of  council, 
1640-7.  [V.  867] 


JOHN  (Isn-lUT),  utnlOBU :  ippm 
"uHadleTud  okik  In  Uh  Mj:  I 


*  Btaod)  Iiilli  JUmuuiek,'  ted  Dtber  irorlo.        [v.  SOJ] 
I.  LUKE  (17et-lBU>,  dlTliie  utl  pom :  notor 
■■"■?,  HeretonlBliira,  IHOa,  und.  in  addl- 
"'"'-  publlcbal  history  or  DudJey 


ttmakKT,  Odsbi'i  VninnUi;  Bojil  i<aolrtT  d 


Midi.  P*lduw<«i '*U-N :  oUWd  ■  TtK  OdudcU  of  Tot,' 


it  brOnaDirdl  to  repoit 
iiT  Tm,  itu :  pihUhI 
udidDc  al  OliiBOw,  Un ;  >Hni9(d  to  Jonaloa,  1U8 ; 
■n^  at  MonlpdUB,  £  lUS-U :  imprlnHd  in  neet, 
IMI;  pnbtizbtduooanU  (<  hb  tnnfa ua IcnlliM  on 
«dk>laU>)«u.  tv.i71] 

BOM,  ABKOLD(IM0t-l««I>.    [Sm  Boatk,] 

SOOra,   ABBAHIK  (1TU-I80ex  diBmtlDs  B^luli- 

._. ...^^_.  ^  ,,,...- w.,ijj,j,im  taptin  coB- 

i[  Partii^DlBr  tnpUiI. 
dootrL.  [F.!JS]  ' 
BUITOH  (iegl-1733X  Bctor:  «i!aciit»l  hC 
;  sppennd  u  Oroonoh)  at  Bmocl;  Allry 
Tkattc.  DDbUn,  UM ;  aitmgtd  by  Bcttston  at  Unooln's 
lin  FMl*.  llOO-t.  mod  ummpudal  blra  Is  inwl;  fivcI«1 
BijiButH  Tb^u^  not :  played  Bbon  to  WuId'i 
Hambtftt  DmrrL^n,  1708:  gAlDcd  ^nat  npulAtloa  by 
Ui  tiertdrmaDcie  of  Fyirhiu  !u  PhlUpi'i  '  Dlatreritd 
Uocbn/  1713,  kod  Gkto  In  Addboa^t  tn^Fdy,  1713  :  bq- 


[.*.  379] 

u.  CATHERIN'B  (IBT»-l§Ki),  '  mcthfr  o 
Afnij ' :  dfln^lita-  of  John  Mumfard.  i 


krmtn '  trtmt  WolqtBii  cbnrcb,  1848 ;  mirrtod,  ISM. 
VmiuB  Bootb.  ^Ror  i><  nfoniien,wlBbdrl,Igie-«t,  ■ 
MidntT  at  Gatabad,  when  Mn.  Booth  tint  appHnd  M 
pnehcr.  IMO :  fouodad  at  Whltnlupd  nrlUi  her  boi- 
taDd.  UH.  -CbrWlan  RnlTal  AH»litlon';  wblob  by 
1ST  bd  dndsped  Into  Uw  ■  SalTBtioD  Anoj ';  palillilud 


[Buppl.  L  3E3] 


^^v^^ncb ;  came  to  London  and  «iipcri&taidel  for  pre« 
V^nnou  ofSodFt;  (or  DUIiuhiii  ot  DaEfnl  RDQwtalice, 
c-lUn:  pnblkibal  flnt  mlanB  of  an  'Analytlcsl  IHn- 
Hbu;  {JEosUib  Langaaee  ■  p»K\  and  otber  worki. 
[v.J7{] 


BOOTE, 


'1  Toy^gc  ot  dl 


['. 


77] 


m  Binu.x  Dkuukk  or  Inaj.- 
IBU ). took  wrlluaeutariau  (dde  lu  dill  wan 

lor  CLHbIn,  1«U,  1U4.  and  l&H:  Ji^af 
li^bi';  oiterrd  plot  for  rHtarin?  UbBiic^  an] 
klng'a  torna  Id  Cluahiie,  IahcihIiIit,  and 

Nuitwicb;   appnheDdcd.  bat  rclaHd  on 


SOOTH.  GEOHGl 
(lS7t-17B81,   lord-lienl 


pamplLkt 
BOOTH, 


I  dlToroe  for  laoaoipiiUbUily  ol 

(T.  »7»1 
(l79l-lHBk  dlTiDc:    M.A.   Liu- 

11^  Oironl,  IMD-M.  '>iao-pr»ldi!aU  199(1.  uad  dmii 
dlTlulty.  18B1 ;  Titvr  of  PUulou,  1033  ;  publ^hed  I^tlji 
■™.  [y.  afti] 

BOOTH,  HB^'iIY,  acmal  Uabok  Deuuerk  uxl  tint 
(ieat'l«M),  cutUH  rDtoloram  of 


HrlBiol  Uolluse.  imo-a ;  i 
LlrerpDul  CMIeglaW  ll 
OMrAjlsabiir-  ■"•"■ 


:  O.B., 


■ntUTy 


[..  B»] 


the   CliiiKa   OouoUdalloD    AcU,  a 
writluga. 

BOOTE.  JOHN  (1M*-1MB>,  guKalOKlit:  Dude  ns 
■isrcbn  InU  OhishlK  puH^nut.  [t.  Wt] 

BOOTH.  JOH»  (1779-1BII71,  raittle  btiBdm ;  nn  ot 


6)[q. 


a  07B4-1MS).  ac 
wTncntly  playm  In  BcIiIudi 


BOOTH,  jnNIDS  B 

lfl»,aii(l™ ,,_, 

OoTHit  UanJen  a»  Sjlrtiu  {' Ai  job  llks  If).  IHls;  acting 
managisr  at  Wortfelnit]  placid  RlohsM  Ul  at  OotdiI 
Qaplifn.  lam  lo  Eoan'i  Otbcllonl  Drurj  L«iw,  and,  ntnni- 
■   -^     '  BJoboid  III  amid  goieral 


tram  liat-S,  w] 


iry  Lauc  and 


BOOTH  or  BOTHB.  LAWRESCB  id.  urn),  al 
blihop  ol  Tort :  llwnlioW  In  clvU  ami  canon  lawr  ? 
bnkB  Hill,  OambfUge;   nuuHr,   IWu;   obanoetloi 


arobblabop  of 

BOOTH.  PEKIHTON  (leai-lTU).  dtan  of  WlodMr, 
ITN :  chsnoBllor  ot  London,  IJM :  D.D.  [t.  S88] 

BOOTB.    RICHARD    (17H8-1SU), 
Stutllay  and,  199^,  a^  Warloby  i  j»d 

fd.  18»)(q.  I,]  [..  o™j 

BOOTH.  ROBERT  (il.  ISKT).  purltAD  dlvllje;  M.A. 
Triultj  Onlloge,  Ciunbriilgc.  IBIO;  mlnlsWr  of  HHlifni, 
ISMJ-T  :  left  phtliKOpMi-al  mnnuA^ript.  [T.  38»] 

SOOTS,  Sill  uoBEliT  (iBau-ieai;,  cuW-jurtloo  of 
HngV  tmiib  In  Inluul ;  nu  of  Robert  Bootli  [q.  t.]  ; 
eduoctcd  st  St.  Jotm'i  ODllegc,  OuDbrids* :  Dulled  to  bar 
At  Ony'i  iDO.  1A49;  jud^  of  common  plcAt.  IreUnd, 
ism:  knlgblol,  1M8:  obief-ioBlcE  of  otnuDonpku  (1M9) 
>nd  of  Ung'i  bench  (1679)  lo  Ireland.  (t.  S8»] 

BOOTS,  SARAH  OraHMT),  latm;  nC  Barrey 
Tbeatre,  1810.  nndOoTabt  QHrdAi,«4kere,Uter,ibepUyed 
OoidellB  U  Junloa  Bratui  BooUi'i  Lear.  [>.  1§>] 

BOOTH,  THOMAS  (A  Ull),  diTlne;  BJ).  Trinity 
OoU^n,  Cunbridga.  1S09.  [t.  DO] 

SOOTH.  THOUAS  (tf.  18UX  oattta  breeder,  at 
KlUerbT.  Yurkihlrs,  ud,  ISI),  at  Warlaby;  niMd  a 
gRBtlf  linpcoiBl  bc«d  of  abarthoni*.  [T.  OO] 

BOOTH  or  BOTKZ,  WILLIAM  (lIH?-ltHX  arcb- 
bllbopot  York;  hilf-broUier  of  I*wreiioe  Booth  [q-'-]; 
■ladled  at  Oraj't  Ino  azid  Pembroke  Hall.  Oambrldge: 
pE«bendar^  of  Soathwell.  Ute;  Bnb-dcan  of  St.  PhiiI's 
Oatbedral.  i.  1430.  and  choDoellor,  USl :  prebendary  of 
UnoOln,  KM,  and  of  St.  Paol'i.  14tl  ;  blllK^  of  Covoilry 
and  Llohfleld,  144T :  archblibop  of  York.  I4ti. 

[SappL  1.  *M] 

BOOTH,  Bra  WILLIAU  (ft.  lST3-llMax  iBptain  In 
capUln.  1078 ;  nerred  against  Algerli 
-raiiean;   knlghtdd  and  appolntal  c— 
,   laH9 ;  enjniffed  In  anBDOoeasfnl  ploC 


ant-ooloncl  under  Lord  OalwD 


naTy.  laH9;  en 
[iHlI,aadaedl, 
BOOTHBT 


K  (17*S-16«X 


poet :  friend  oi  the  Bdgewortlu  and  Ibe  UcbUBld 
oUcle ;  pabliihad  poeme  and  vmtki  to  poUlioal 
of  the  day.  ( 


BOOTHROYB,  BENJAMlK(17«S-iSM), 

at  FoiLtefrActi  wbere  he  opened  a  ihn  aa  boolne 
prlotn;  co-panoc  at  Hlghfleld  ohapd,  Hudi 
1818 :  LL.D, ;  D.D.  OlaiKOW,  ISH ;  pobUibed  at 
pnM  a  Hebrew  bible,  IBlO-lI.a 'Pamll;  Bible,' 1 


<17M-lBeSX  plirelolan  :  bom  in 
ereral  jourucya  to  BnElaiid  ;  H.D.  Edlnboigb,  ISM; 
■racUeed  In  Londoo;  yX.S.,  181ft. iBciretHiy.ISSI-B, and 
.nuurer,  IBH-ei:  pnbUtbed  botanloal  and  madioal 
rorto.  [T,  »>] 

BOBDB,  ANDREW(I4*0?-1U«).    [Sn  Boohdk.} 

JOSEPH  (d,  ISU),  profeaeor  at  Addla- 


»;  pabllilicd  work  on  fortltica 
r   BOITKHAR.    ROBERT   (d 


"  [q.  I.J 

iclpal  modloat 

r  ph  jalolan  to 

.CUT,  [r.  8M] 

BintLAOX,  EDMUND  (d.  le^).  hie 

bllohedwoi^taonlrlriihlrtoij.  '  ''  [v.SM]' 
B0RU8S.  HKNRY  (180e-IH36).  aeparatM  clem- 
Ln;  B.A.TrluUy  College. Cambrld^  1838;  tookordoa 
ectabllAhnl  cburcb.  but  xiibeeiiueutly  joined '  Plynioatii 
eUiren  '  ;  pobllahed  rellgloiu  n  ritll^.  [V.  3W] 

B0XLA8Z,  SiK  JOHN  (d.  leiV),  nldler:  macter  ct 
'     liTland.  IS3S-I8;  lord  Jonloe  In  Inbod. 

(1II»-1779>.  anUqsaiy:  M-A. 
pmentid.  1713,  U  IItIok  tf 
s  to  wbleli  Ibe  Ticarase  «  Bt. 
tblUbed.  lo  ■  FbltoKipblcal  Tran*- 

produced  eevmd   worha,  including 
I,'  ITU:  Ui.l>-,17M;  proentBd  eol- 


ordnanc 

B0RLA8X,  ' 

Eieter   College. 

JuK  wu  added.  179* 


iledla,  ltT».  Hie  accoout  of  Uie  jounieT  appean  In 
Baklnjt.  [T.  399] 

SOBODflH,  BUBfiR.  or  SB  BVBOO,  JOHN  (d. 
IMS),  divine;  D.D.  Cambridge:  cbaneellor  of  tbe  onl- 
Tcnltjr,  ISM;  trr*ar  of  Colllaghaiu,  Noulngbsmihln: 
— ■-  tbeologlcai  workL  [t.  400] 

BOBOtrOH,  But  JOHN  (<t.  IMS).  Oarter  Ung-o(- 
[oa ;  ttddled  at  Graj'a  Inn :  keepo-  of  Tower  lecoidi, 
n;  ^orroy  king-of-arme.  ia?3:  kniarbted.  le^  :  Garter 


ir'Z     3S 


royaliete  ami  parCli 


IHO.  and  probablf  again  In 


1BJ5X 


royalist  diTlne ; 
OaUegt,  Oambiidge:  B.A.,  ISll;  tellow,  1«U;  H.A.. 
lOU;  deprived  of  felloweblp:  rtetoTed,  1600;  D.D.. 
1«W;  prebsidary  of  Weetmlnater.  1H7;  publiehed  re- 
Ugloiu  worki.  Including  a  pampUet  directed  agalnat 
Rtobard  Baiter.  [t.  3M] 

B0BOARS.ALBBRT(l6M-imxlleatauuit-gaienil: 
bom  at  Hotbech ;  eerTBd  In  Danlsb  army  agabiet  Bwelen. 
1171-9 :  Bre-worker,  1ST9 ;  eerml  in  Pirilib  and  Pninlan 


□rake  In  eipedlUoo 
u,  aereral  cbarte,  and 


lo  Cadlk.  lESrl 
lUitiK  Drake  on 


BOBBEIili 


125 


BOSTOOK 


BOXSZLL,  B.  P.  (d.  1861X  namismatist ;  engaged 
in  tnde  at  Smjma  ;  pablished  writings  on  numismatics. 

[v.  406] 

BOSJtKR.  WILLIAM  (1781-1863X  botanist;  fellow 
of  BoyaL  l.innfan.  and  Wemerian  sodettes ;  cantoibated 
to  bocankal  poblications.  [v.  406] 

BOBSOW,  GEOBOE  (1803-1881),  aothor;  eda. 
catel  at  Ediabozcrh  High  School ;  articled  to  solicits  at 
ISorwicfa ;  adopted  literatare  as  proCessicm ;  assisted  in 
oompOifig  *  Newgate  Calendar ' ;  toured  through  England 
and  joaneyed  in  France,  Germany,  Russia,  Spain,  and 
the  Eart,  stodylng  the  language  ot  each  country  he 
Tiated;  a^ent  for  British  and  Foreign  Bible  Sodety; 
aecded  at  4>nltoa  Broad,  where  he  became  celebrated  for 
hJs  piroaaucooas  hospitality ;  published  translations  and 
mreral  Tolomee,  indoding  *  Bible  in  Spidn  *  (184S). 
*0yp8iet  in  Spain  *  (1841),  *  Lavengro*  (1861),  and 
*  fioaumy  Bye '  ( 1867),  relating  to  his  travels,  and  marked 
tgr  tbeir  idealisation  of  an  open  air  and  vagrant  life. 

[v.  407] 

BQS8TALB,  THOMAS  (d.  1S90?),  theologian;  Ao- 
gnrtinian  friar  at  Norwich ;  D.D.  Sorbonne,  Paris. 

[▼.  408] 

BOKTHWIGX,  DAVID  (d.  1581X  lord  advocate  of 
Srortand :  edocated  at  St.  Leonard's  College,  St.  Andrews : 
called  to  bar,  1M9 ;  legal  adviser  to  Bothwell ;  king's  ad- 
vocate and  lord  of  sesE^Lon,  1673.  [v.  408] 

MSTHWIGK,  PETER  (1804-186SX  editor  of  the 
*Momin|r  Post' :  educated  at  Edinburgh  University  and 
Jens  College*  Camtnidge:  fdlow-commoner.  Downing 
CoOqge ;  spoke  against  abolition  of  slavery ;  M.P.  for 
Brcsham,  183^-17 :  called  to  bar  at  Gray's  Inn,  1847 ; 
alitor  of  *  Morning  Post,'  1860-3 ;  published  speeches. 

[V.  409] 

lOSTEWICK,  WILLIAM,  fourth  BAROif  Borth- 
wn  id.  1643X  gnardian  of  James  Y,  1613.        [v.  410] 

lORTHWIGK,  WILLIAM  (1760-18901  general: 
lermi  in  royal  artillcsy  in  Flanders ;  prepMeu  siege  trains 
for  CSodad  Bodrigo  and  Badajoz,  1813 ;  major-general, 

\m.  [V.  410] 

lORTOV,  Sir  ARTHUR  (1814-1898),  general  and 
tmemor  of  Malta ;  educated  at  Eton ;  ensigD,  9tii  foot, 
1^:  ootood,  1864;  major-general,  1868;  Ueutenant- 
feoaral,  1876 ;  general,  1877 :  colonel  of  Norfolk  regiment, 
1^ ;  served  in  a  fghawtat^Ti  campaign,  1848,  Satlaj  cam- 
piign,  184»-4,  Crimea,  1864-6,  and  Canada,  1866 ;  com- 
snaded  Mai$ar  division  of  Madras  army,  1870-6 ;  K.C.B., 
U77 ;  governor  and  commander-in-chief  of  Malta,  1878- 
l»l ;  6.C.M.G.,  1880 ;  G.C3.,  1884.  [SuppL  i.  386] 

BORTTWLABKI  or  B0EUSLAW8XI,  JOSEPH  ( 1739- 
18t7>,  dwarf;  bom  at  Halicz,  Pdish  Gallcia;  enjoyed, 
cntil  bis  marriage,  the  patronage  of  Countess  Humiecka, 
viOi  whom  he  travdled  in  France,  Holland,  and  Gkr- 
Buay :  came  to  England,  where  he  lived  ch^y  on  pro- 
eeedr  of  concerts  ;  published  *  Memoirs  *  in  French  and 
Euj^irik  (ttke  Knglish  a  translation  by  M.  des  Carri^res), 

irw.  [V.  410] 

BOtA  (d.  706),  bishop ;  monk  of  Hilda's  monastery  at 
Screouafaalch  (Whitby) ;  bishop  of  York,  678,  on  division 
of  Willrid's  diocese  by  Ecgfrith  and  Archbishop  Theodore ; 
fapeneded  by  Wilfrid,  686,  but  probably  reinstated,  691. 

[V.  411] 

KMAVaUST,  CHARLES  (1769-1860),  city  mer- 
chant;  goverxKir  of  Soath  Sea  Cknnpany ;  high  sherifC  of 
Korthomberland,  18S8,  and  J.P.  and  D.L  for  uiat  county ; 
liratmant-colond,  1819,  and  later  colonel  of  light  horse 
To;anteers ;  published  economic  treatises.  [v.  413] 

BOSAVaUST,  JAMBS  WHATMAN  (1804-1877X 
cfcroDologiBt :  educated  at  Westminster ;  becune  partner 
in  hanktng-hoQse  of  Boaanqoet,  Salt  it  Ca;  published 
verks  embodying  rceearches  into  biblical  and  Assyrian 
eimnology.  [v.  412] 

BOBAVaUZT,  Sir  JOHN  BERNARD  a773-1847X 
lodge;  wirarati^  at  Eton  and  Christ  Church.  Oxford; 
U JL,  180O ;  called  to  bar  at  Lincoln's  Inn,  1800 ;  coimsel 
10  Eut  India  Company  and  to  Bank  of  England ;  ser  jeant- 
•("isv,  1814;  king's  ecrjeant,  1827;  premded  over  com- 
nMen  to  inqalre  into  practice  of  common  law  courts, 
IfsO-lii;  jikige  ot  common  pleas  and  knighted,  1830; 
Pn^  eoanciUor,  1833 ;  lord  commij<aioner  of  great  seaL  i 
IW-t  [V.  413]      i 


BOBAHaxrXT,  SAMUEL  RICHARD  (1800-1883), 
author ;  educated  at  Eton  and  Christ  Church,  Oxford ; 
M.An  1839 ;  called  to  bar  at  Inner  Temple ;  one  of  revising 
barristers  appointed  on  passing  of  Reform  Act,  1833; 
chairman  of  Monmouthshire  quarter  sessions;  pub- 
lished miscellaneous  works,  including  *  Hindoo  Chrono- 
logy and  Antediluvian  History.*  [v.  413] 

B08(«AWXV,  Family  of.  The  first  member  of  im- 
portanoe,  Hugh  (<f.  1641 X  recorder  of  Truro,  whose  son 
Edward  was  father  of  Hugh,  first  viscount  Falmouth 
[q.  v.],  from  whom  was  descended  Edward  [q.  v.],  the 
admiral,  whoso  youngest  son,  George  Evdyn,  was  third 
viscount ;  Gkorge  Evelyn's  son.  Edward  [q.  v.],  became 
first  Earl  of  Fahnouth.  [v.  414.] 

I  BOSOAWXN,  EDWARD  (1711-176U  admiral,  third 
son  of  Hugh,  first  viscount  Falmouth  [q.  v.] ;  lieutenant, 
1732  ;  served  at  Porto  BeUo.  1739-40,  at  Cartagena,  1741 ; 
commanded  small  squadron  in  Soundings,  1746  ;  wounded 
off  Finisterre,  1747 ;  appointed  commander-in-chief  by  laud 
and  sea  in  East  Indies,  1747 :  unsuocessfully  attempted 
to  reduce  PondiclMrry ;  nominally  M.P.  for  Truro  after 
1741 ;  lord  commissioner  of  admiralty,  1761-61 ;  vice- 
admiral,  1766 ;  commanded  on  North  American  station, 
in  Channel,  off  Brest,  and  in  Bay  of  Biscay  at  intervals 
between  1766  and  1767 ;  second  in  command  under 
Hawke,  1767 ;  admiral  of  the  blue,  1768 ;  commander- 
in-chief  of  fleet  at  siege  of  Louisburg,  1768;  privy 
councillor,  1769  ;  commanded  squadron  in  Mediterranean, 
and  defeated  French  in  L«goe  Bay,  1769;  general  of 
marines ;  commanded  fleet  in  Quiberon  Bay,  1760 ;  his 
portrait  was  painted  by  Rej'nolds.  [v.  416] 

BOSOAWm,  EDWARD,  first  Earl  of  Falmuuth 
(1787-1841X  son  of  George  Evelyn,  third  viscount  Fal- 
mouth ;  ensign  in  Coldstream  guards ;  recorder  of  Truro ; 
created  earl,  1830.  [v.  419] 

B08CAWSK,  HUGH,  first  VisrousT  Falmodth 
(d.  1734),  M.r.  for  Tregony,  1702-6,  county  of  Cornwall, 
1706-10,  Truro.  1710-13,  and  Penryn,  1713-1730 ;  steward 
of  duchy  of  Lancaster  and  lord  wardte  of  the  Stannaries, 
1708 :  comptroller  of  hounehold,  1714-20 ;  jdnt  vice-trea- 
surer of  Ireland,  1717-34 ;  raised  to  peerage,  1790. 

[V.420] 
;  BOSCAWmr,  WILLIAM  (I7&2-I8IIX  author ;  nephew 
{  of  Edward  Boecawcn  (1711-1761  j  [q.  v.];  educated  at 
'  Eton  and  Exeter  CoU^e,  Oxford ;  commissioner  of  rio- 
'  tualling  ofBoe,  1786  ;  published  transbitions  of  Horace  and 
.  other  works.  [v.  430] 

B080BAYE,  JAMES   (1647 7-1623),  Jesuit;    entered 
Society  of  Jesus  at  Rome,  1664;   ordained  priest,  1672; 
came  to  England,  1680 ;  BufTercd  mueh  persecution,  and 
'■  was  sent  into  exUe,  1586 ;  died  in  I'olaud.  [v.  420] 

!        B08HAM,    HERBERT    de    (/.    1162-1186X      [See 
'  Hkrbkrt.] 

B080  (d.  1181  ?X  third  English  cardinal ;  nephew  of 
Nicholas  Breakspear,  pope  Adrian  IV  [q.  v.] ;  monk  of  St. 
Albans;  joined  Adrian  at  Rome;  cardinal-priest,  1166; 
wrote  in  verse  lives  of  female  saints.  [v.  431] 

B088AM,  JOHN  (Jl.  1560X  painter  and  draughtsman 
j  in  black  and  white.  [v.  422] 

B088EWXLL,  JOHN  iJl.  1672X  antiquary  and  public 
notary ;  published  writings  on  heraldry.  [v.  422] 

B08TE  or  BOAST.  JOHN  (1643?-1694X  catholic 
priest:  M.A.  Oxford:  entered  English  College.  Douay 
(temporarily  removed  to  Rheims):  ordained  priest; 
joined  English  mission,  1681 ;  executed.  [v.  422] 

B08T0CK,  JOHN  (d.  1466X    [See  Whethamstede.] 

BOSTOGZ,  JOHN,  the  elder  (1740-1774X  physician : 
M.D.  Edinburgh,  1769  ;  extra  licentiate.  College  of  Phy- 
sicians, London,  1770  ;  practised  in  Liverpool ;  physician 
to  Royal  Infirmary.  [v.  422] 

BOSTOOK,  JOHN,  the  younger  (1773-1846X  physician, 
son  of  John  Bostock  (1740-1774)  [q.  v.] ;  M.D.  Edin- 
burgh, 1798 ;  practised  in  Liverpool ;  removed  (1817)  to 
Ixn^n,  where  he  abandoned  medicine  for  general  science ; 
lectured  on  chemistry  at  Guy's  Hospital ;  F.R.S. :  pre- 
sident, Geological  Society,  1826 ;  vice-president.  Royal 
Society,  1832  ;  chief  work,  *  System  of  Physiology,'  1824. 

[V.  422] 


BOSTOir   BURTEKSia 


.[■(jtWlOj.orJoHwBoBrosoF 

B(TUT»  blblfogmpho  i  ADgnirtiDiui  iDonk  ot  B1U7  SL  ^- 
miinil'* :  wrots  '  Cataldaiil  Scrlptonun  Boolsia.'  ■  1^ 
wlCb  nutlvHt'  matt,  id  booki.  kn  Ubnrio  of  BoglUb 
iDonHJiterLvi  rnnd  elBBwbere :  uid  *  BpccdLluh  OniobLtanuu,' 
luucoiuit  of  origin  olmanuUo  Ilk  [t.  *S>] 

BOBTOX.  THOMAS,  the  elder  (lD;r-17»).  SiwULih 
ilMite  L  emplajed  in  office  of  AlPKuid£r  Oookbum,  writer 
u  ilgnet,  IU9;  U.A.  Oliiiburgh,  ItH:  itadied  tl»- 
LofTj.  laflO-1701 ;  pariah  lulioolDiuter 


[T.M4] 


:  mlolitfl  Bt  Btliick,  170T 

rk  enUtled  ■  Usmw  Dl  Uodnn  IMTinitf,- 

n  otbei^t  oppcacd  ftot  of  UBemblr  (ITw) 

■poiUa'  and  'lUrroi 
giaiu  worka,  ■  tmUK  an  H 
poatbiunomljr. 

BOBTOM,  THOMAS,  tbe  younger  (ITIS-ITST),  Smttiib 
nUi4mlnl>t«:iaDo(TbDDUaBoMrai  (1877-lTa))[<i.  t.I; 
olautal  bC  Bdlnborgb  Coinnity ;  onkinoi.  ITIti 
nUaiater  at  OuaD^  UDiburghahirc.  mi;  pmhlblted by 
praat>ybeTy,  ^768,  fmm  employment  la  any  offloe :  oon- 
tlniud  in  tkla  mloiatry  4t  Jajbur^h 
capadly.udwlCbThDiniiaameepie  ual 


B08TILLB,  WILLIAH  (17«I-t813>.  i 
UuteuoC  nut ;  «rroil  In  AtueriotD  wir  : 
knny,  1777  ;  travelled  in  Fruoe,  Italy,  and  I 


.    [•- 


(I70e-I7SIXB™^I>)|  iwlge:  gnduated  at  LeyikD.  17*7 

— — ' —  it  FMQity  ot  AdvoqaiWa,  17M  j  aberlS-depate  a 

labliH,  174B-iU ;  lord  ot  aaaion,  17H :  loid  jnili' 

.6-90.  [..«8) 


Wlgtoi 

EiHJ.l 

BOSWXLL,  SIR  ALBZANDBR  (1771-18)41  intiqiuiry 


■  BumOl  U»  el 

■,  1811,  Hid  tai 


died  irom  allMU  of  duel  with  Ji _  .,  . 

wbom  be  hid  Mtuked  In  Uu  ■  OImhdw  Smtind ' 


:  cmud  bumeC  11 
-OieeSUicrtof  Dona 

. .     JlMgow  Smtind ' :  01 

itcdtheldtBDtencUngoD  baoki  ol  tb»  Dmd  tbe  mc 
publlabed  poatloal  and  anClqnarlan  i 


(l74>-ISt4),BoiitU>b  judge ;  nephew  of  Jama  Bonnll. 
the  elder  [q,  t.]:  educated  at  BdlDbuicb  Onlyenlty: 
member  of  Faculty  of  AdTDoatea,  17as  1  hnd  of  avaioii, 


[T.4S01 

.,  BDWAUD  (ITtO-lHt),  aolloltor:  pDb 
rian  worka.  [.,  4KI] 

JAUBS.tha  e1dsr(1740-ir»>,bl 


ibtagnphei 


Bean;  made  acquaintance  of  Wlllctf  In  _.— ^,  _.  . 
intndDoad  to  Oenoal  PaoU  in  Oorriea ;  ntonud  id  Eng- 
lMld.l7HiadTooat<lTM:pabllebed'Accaim(ofOoi^oa,' 
17S8,  and  'Buan  in  PaTonr  of  the  Bran  OnniaiBa,' 
1T<«:  tooknartln  8bi' 
RtraUOid,  ITtt  :,mada  1 


BOTHWELL 


BOBWXLL,  JAUBS,  tbe  younger  {17T8-len),  iiw- 
er ;  iBoood  lorriflnK  acn  ot  Jamea  Boawrtl  tlie  Ma 
i.  TO  :  (dDoated  at  Wntmloater  and  Braeencae  Cidliga, 
irfoid  ;  M.A.,  ISM :  TInerian  brllow :  called  to  bar  at 
QDtr  Temple,  IBOA ;  commlaaloner  o<  banbopta ;  tjimt- 
letedagcondedilioaolUaloiM'iiaiakeBpeue:  ntrmbtrct 
■oibatglio  Olob;   -"'--  •'-—  —-' "•- 


IHSX  dlplimwUat; 

put ;  knighted.  1833  ;  nontlaned  Cktto- 
um  B  pouc;  pt  tti9  HaguB,  and  FUpportcd  Gomarlata 
againit  BancTcldt  and  the  '  remonatranta.'       (y.  UO] 

BOBWORTH.    JOSBPH  {17BB-ie7a),   1 
acbolar;  ILA.  aoj  LL.D.  AlHrdeen ;  c  """""" 

Collide,  Cambridge:  Tlcar  of  IJttle  B  , „ 

..,_.    iBir-jK;    chaplain   at  Ametodam,  ISM,  aad 


eon  prcfvBDT    ot   An^ 

pabllahed  •  AnglikSiio 


D.  Oamt 


iwUn- 


BOTBLBB.     [SwBi 


._ _.   F^afl.; 

Dictionary.'  ISK,  and  tnnalaUd 

(1807-16101).     poetleal 


^] 


,    „..    .   __J4;   kinrt 

^bendary  of  LlnctOn.  1881.      [t.  MI] 
ATHANIEL  (JI.  16»'16t7),  naTT  mp. 

['.<«] 
BOTELXS,  WILUAH  PDLI.br  (1777-1848),  OOD- 
liaaloner  of  baokniptcy ;  (duaalal  at  Oharterboaee  and 
t.  Jofao'fl  GollFG^  Cambridge:  amior  wtanKlB*.  1798: 
aiow  of  Bt.  Peter'!  Oollege ;  U.A..  IBOl ;  called  tobarat 
Inooln'a  Inn,  1«M ;  S.O..  1811 :  acnlor  oOQUniealnwr  8( 
latrlot  court  of  bankraptcy,  Lecda,  1844.  {v.  44t) 

BOTBTIIIiX,PRAHOIS(1H8i-1808).  [SecTHTxm,] 
BOTEVnXX,  WILLIAM  (d.  1148).  [See  Thikkk] 
biblicgrapbCTi 


andlfSi 


Utarar;  Olob.  171 
Temple,  1771;  aooc 
Uabad-LMfTtDh  ,. 

the  NatloD,'  hoping  to  gata  poUdgal  in; 
llataad-JounwIalTaorto^biidae,' tL.  ... 
*)«dby  UBlone.l7M:  called  to  buliah  b 

eopJerof  CarltaUi  i:»8-»0:  eame  to  nrida 

178tt ;  publlabed '  Ufa  of  JohnaocJ '  (alao  praTlDoilj  rarlaed 


I  '  Notea  on  Oatbedral  Libraries  ol  England.'  1 
I  edIUone  lor  Oie  Boihnrghn,  Maltlaod,  A'-'- — ' 
Bannatyne  citibc,  and  SoTtaea  Society.  [t.  tu] 

BOTUWXLL.  Buiu  01.    [See  HltPBliui,  PaTwa; 
I  third  XiBL,  11I3T-L1H:  HETBunx,  JtHra,  fnurtli  BUL, 


l»).dlTiae:  blabapK 

.   ._. rrrtring  Book  of  DU- 

dpUne.  IMS:  lordol  wealon,  166A:  performed, attar  pn^ 
tntanC  form.  marriaKc  cerdmony  of  Mary  Qnien  ot  Sucta 
and  Jamee  Hepbam.  earl  of  Botbwell.  at  Hdynod  ^nae, 
and  nowDal  and  anoioied  Uary'e  Km.  Chariea  Jamea.  at 
StliUng,  IH7 ;  anapoidtd  from  mialaliy  tor  aoltmnialng 
tbe  marriags,  1187'4 ;  eidianged  gjeataa  part  of  tan^ 
potaUtiea  rf  Orltnaj.  wblk  rvtaloing  tiUt  ot  ■— ' —  — 
ibbacy  of  Botyrood  Hod     


btolKKte 


BOTIiirY 


127 


BOUBOHTER 


«i»phy. 


,  SAHUEL  (lMS-1696  ?X  writer  on  steno- 

[V.  446] 


BOTOLPH  or  BOTTILF  (<l.  680X  saint :  tttodied  In 
hen  be  became  a  Benedictine  monk  ;  founded 
ttfc   Ikanbo  (perhaps  near  prceent   tourn  of 
\  «M ;  commemorated  on  17  Jane.  [v.  446] 

WILLIAM  (1416-1483?).     [See    Wor- 


.] 


',  JOSEPH  (/r.  1820X  murician :  onranist 
ABrwlfbrd,  1807,  and  Sbeffllela,  1820 ;  publiBbed  dictionary 
of  naic  (18IC)  and  other  mosical  works.  [ri.  1] 

MVCH,  8lB  THOMAS  (1822-1880X  ciyU  engineer: 
raUent  a^rineer  on  Stockton  and  Darlington  railway: 
Moa^er  and  engineer  of  Bdinhurgh  and  Northern  rail- 
nj.  1849 :  Lostitoted  steam  ferries  over  Forth  and  Tay : 
cmrtmited  Tar  bridge,  1870-7 ;  knighted,  1879 :  died  from 
UBtal  shock  resulting  from  destraction  of  Tay  bridge  by 
bartkane :  M.LO.E.,  1858.  [ri.  1] 

BOUCHER,  JOHN  (1777-1818),  divine;  fellow,  Mag- 
<bkn  CMlege.  Oxford,  1799;  M.A.,  ISOS;  ricar  of  Kirk 
K«vtao,  Northamha-Und,  1804-18;  his  sermons  were 
poblisbed  posthomoosly.  [vi.  2] 

BOVCHZB,  JOHN  (1819-1878),  divine;  nniUrian 
wSaater  soooeori  vdy  at  Soathport,  Olasgow,  and  Hackney ; 
Kodied  for  AngHcan  orders  at  St.  John's  College,  0am- 
bridge:  BJL,  18«7.  [vL  3] 

BOVCHZB,  JONATHAN  (1 738-1804%  divine:  en- 
pfBd  in  taition  in  America,  c.  1754-62 ;  held  sucoessively 
KToal  eodewiastical  charges  in  America,  wttere  until  the 
w  of  IndepeDdenoe  be  was  intimate  with  George  Wash- 
iagiOB;  recomed  to  England,  1775:  vicar  of  EpM>m, 
17^1^14:  poblisbed  sermons  and  writings  relating  to 
(Xaaberland,  and  left  incomplete  a  supplement  to  John- 
n's^Dlcticmary.*  [vi.  3] 

BOVCHZRT,  WBTMAN  (1683-1712),  Latin  poet; 
VJL  Jflsns  Oollege,  Cambridge,  1706 ;  rector  of  Little 
"tkmhim  1709 ;  pabUsbed  a  Latin  poem.  [vi.  4] 

BOVGHIER,  BARTON  (1794-1865),  religions  writer  : 
•on  of  Jooathan  Boucher  [q.  v.] ;  changed  his  name  to 
Booefaicr  after  1832 ;  M.A.  Balliol  College,  Oxford,  1837 : 
pnhHthed  hymns  and  religious  works.  [vL  4] 


or  BOTTRGHIER,  GEORGE  id.  1643), 
rayiM ;  merchant  of  Bristol :  hanged  for  conspiring  to 
deBnr  Bristol  to  Prince  Rupert,  1648.  [vi.  4] 


J,  THOMAS  (1688-1764X  divine:  held  various 

Hvfari  in  Norfolk :  published  *  Answer  to  Warburton's 
CIviae  Ligatkm,*  1743.  [v.  446] 

WOTT,  THOMAS  (1839-1870X  china  painter ;  artlwt  in 
B^ral  Poreeiain   Wwks,  Worcester,  where  his  work  in  \ 
enamri  *  gained  oonriderable  reputation. 

[V.  447] 

IT.  JOHN  DK  (d.  1334),  baron  and  ad- 

■ilnl :  KOvenKR-  of  St.  3riavel*8  Castle,  and  wanlen  of 
Fotot  of  Dean  :  commanded  fleet  at  burning  of  Cherbourg, 
13M :  nerved  onder  Edward  I  in  Gascony  and  Scotland ; 
jdaal  Warwick  against  Piers  Gaveston.  [v.  447] 

BOmSHAH  or  BOTTLESHAM,  WILLIAM  of 
(tf.l4Q0X  birtxyp :  Dominican ;  D.D.,  and  fellow,  Pembroke 
OdkBC  Cambridge ;  bishop  of  Bethlehem,  c  1385,  Llan- 
tefl.  IIM,  and  Rochester,  1389.  [v.  447] 


lOVOIOAULT.  DION  (1830  ?-1890X  originally  called 
BoTBCirxuLT,  actor  and  dramatist ;  educated  at  London 
Uuveraity :  produced  his  *  London  Assurance  *  at  Covent 
QodsD  thesue,  1841 ;  sometimes  wrote  in  conjunction 
vith  Benjamin  Webster  [q.  v.] :  manager  of  Astley's, 
IM;  ptodaeed  *  Arrah-na-Pogne '  at  Princess's,  1865, 
ktesdf  playing  Shami ;  retired,  1876,  to  America,  where 
kt  died.  His  playa,  invariably  adapted  from  some  pre- 
vtsoi  play  or  ntrrd  by  another  hand,  include  'Faust 
mk  Margneriie,*  1862,  and  the  « CoUeen  Bawn,'  1860. 

[Suppl.  i.  237] 

10V6H,  SAMUEL  (1838-1878),  landscape-painter; 
■BBBMif^  shoftnalfw  and  lawyer's  clerk  in  Carlisle; 
ymimtA  aboat  ^■^g'****!  making  sketches :  scene-painter 
t> Hsncfaester  uodGiMagovr ;  took  to  landscape-painting, 
aobv  of  Boyal  Soottiah  Academy,  1875.  [vi.  4] 

10VQHE8,  EDWARD  (1587-1660  ?),  royalist  divine ; 
•AaiiM  at  Wcstminaker  and  Christ  Church,  Oxford; 


M.A.,  1613;  i€ctor  of  Woodchurch,  1683-40;  D.D.,  1646; 
published  sermons  and  religious  works.  [vi.  A] 

B0T7OHT0V,  JOAN  (d.U94\  martyr;  burnt  at 
Smithfleld,  at  the  age  of  eighty  or  more,  for  supporting 
WyclifCe's  doctrines.  [vi.  6] 

BOXJLT,  SWINTON  (1809-1876),  agent  for  insurance 
offices  in  Liverpool ;  founded,  1836,  and  became  managing 
director  of,  Liverpool  Fire  Office  (afterwards  Liverpool, 
London,  and  Globe  Insurance  Company).  [vL  6] 

BOXJLTBEE,  THOMAS  POWNALL  (1818-1884X 
divine;  M.A.  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  1844;  theo- 
logical tutor  and  chaplain  of  Cheltenham  College,  1853-63 ; 
principal  of  London  College  of  Divinity,  1863 ;  LL.D., 
1872 ;  prebendary  of  St.  Paul's,  1883 ;  published  religions 
works.  [vi.  6] 

BOULTER,  HUGH  (1672-1742X  archbishop  of 
Armagh;  educated  at  Merchant  Taylors*  School  and 
Christ  Church,  Oxford ;  M^.,  1693;  D.D.,  1708;  fellow 
of  Magdalen  College;  chaplain  to  Archbishop  Tenison; 
chaplain  to  George  I  in  Hanover,  bishc^  of  Bristol,  and 
dean  of  Christ  Church,  Oxford,  1719:  protestant  arch- 
bishop of  Armsgh,  1724 ;  frequently  acted  as  lord  justice 
in  Irolaud,  displaying  prejudice  against  the  Irish,  [vi.  7] 

BOULTOK,  MATTHEW  (1728-1809X  engineer; 
entered  partnersliip  with  Watt,  wltom  he  greatly  assisted 
in  completion  and  introduction  of  tlie  steam-engine ;  made 
coins  for  Great  Britain  and  other  countries,  and  supplied 
new  mint  with  machinery  (1805) ;  FJLS.  [vi.  8] 

BOULTOV,  RICHARD  (/f.  1697-1724X  physician; 
educated  at  Brasenoee  Oollege,  Oxford ;  published  medical 
works.  [vL  9] 

BOUin),  NICHOLAS  (  d.  1613).    [See  Bowndr.] 

BOUaUET,  HENRT  (1719-1765%  general ;  bom  at 
Rolle,  SwitrerUnd  ;  served  in  armies  of  States-General  of 
Holland,  king  of  Sardinia,  and  Prince  of  Orange ;  captain- 
commandant  of  SmtIbs  guards  at  Hague,  1 748 ;  lieutenant- 
colonel  in  America,  1754;  brigadier-general  and  com- 
mandant in  southern  British  America.  [vL  9] 

BOUftUETT,  PHILIP  (1669-1748),  Hebrew  pro- 
fessor;  educated  at  Westminster  and  Trinity  College, 
Cambridge;  fellow;  M.A.,  1696;  D.D.,  1711;  professor  of 
Hebrew,  1712.  [vL  10] 

BOXTRCHIER,  GEORGE  (d.  1643).    [See  Bouchirr.] 

BOUROHIER,  HENRY,  first  EarlofErbrx  (d.  1483% 
great-grandson  of  Robert  Bourchier  [q.  v.] :  lieutenant- 
general  under  Duke  of  York  in  France,  1440 ;  captain  of 
Crotoy,  Picardy,  1443 :  married  Isabel,  aunt  of  Ed- 
wanl  lY;  treasurer  of  England,  1455-6  and  1471-88; 
with  March  and  Warwick  at  tmttle  of  Northampton, 
1460 ;  created  Earl  of  Knaex,  1461.  [vi.  10] 

BOUBOHIER,  HENRY,  second  Earl  of  Easrx 
(d.  1539),  grandson  of  Henry  Bourchier,  first  earl  [q.  v.]  ; 
member  of  Henry  VII's  privy  council:  captain  of 
Henry  VIII's  bodyguard ;  served  at  Terouenne  and 
Toumay,  1513 ;  chief  captain  of  king's  forces,  1514 ; 
attended  Henry  at  Guisnes,  1520.  [vi.  11] 

BOUROmEB  or  B0U88IER,  JOHN  de  (d.  1330  ?> 
judge;  justice  of  assize  for  Kent,  Surrey,  and  Sussex, 
1315  ;  justice  of  common  bench,  1331  till  death,  [vi.  11] 

B0UB(7HIER,  JOHN,  second  Baron  Brrnrrs 
(1467-1533),  statesman  and  author;  grand-neplKw  of 
Heniy  Bourchier,  first  earl  of  Essex  [q.  v.] ;  marshal  of 
Surrey's  army  in  Scotland,  1613 ;  chancellor  of  exchequer, 
1516;  accompanied  John  Kite,  archbishop  of  Armagh,  to 
Spain  to  negotiate  alliance  between  Henry  VIII  and 
Charles  V,  1518 ;  attended  Henry  at  Field  of  Cloth  of  Gold, 
1530 ;  deputy  of  Calais,  1520-33 ;  published  translation  of 
Froissart's  *  Chronicles,*  1628-5 :  and  translated  '  Huon  of 
Bnrdenx'  (probably  printed  in  1534),  ^Castell  of  Love* 
(printed  1540),  and,  under  title  of  *  Golden  Bokeof  Marcus 
Aorelius '  (1534),  a  French  version  of  Guevara's  '  El  redox 
de  Principes.'  [vi.  12] 

BOUBOUIEB,  Sir  JOHN  (d.  1660),  regicide:  M.P. 
fbrBipoo,  1646;  one  of  Charles  I's  judges,  1648;  signed 
death-warrant:  member  of  council  of  state,  1651  and 
1653 ;  surrendered  as  regicide,  1660,  but  died  before  settle- 
ment of  exceptions  to  aot  of  indemnity.  [vL  14] 


BOUKOHIEB 


128 


BOUVBRIE 


BOTTEOHIER  or  B0U88IER,  ROBE^  (d.  1840X 
chanoellor ;  sou  of  John  de  Bourchier  [q.  v.] ;  M.P.  for 
Jkaex,  1330,  133S,  1388,  and  1339 ;  chanoeUor,  1340-1 : 
fooght  at  Oreoy,  1346.  [vL  14] 

BOTTEOHIER,  THOMAS  (1404  7-1486),  cardinal: 
brother  of  Henry  Boarchier  first  earl  of  "Bssex  [q.  ▼.]  : 
educated  at  Oxford ;  prebendary  of  Lichfield,  1424 :  chan- 
cellor of  Oxford  University,  1434 :  bishop  of  WorceAter, 
1434,  and  of  Ely,  1443 ;  archbishop  of  Canterbury,  1464 ; 
loni-chancellor,  1455-6;  Lancastrian,  drawing  up  with 
Waynflete  terms  of  agreement  between  Lancastrians  and 
Yorkists,  1458 ;  crowned  Edward  lY,  1461,  and  his  queen, 
Elisabeth  Woodville,  1465 :  nominated  cardinal,  1467,  and 
installed,  1478 :  raised  troops  for  restoration  of  Edward  lY 
to  throne,  1471 ;  one  of  four  arbitrators  to  whom  dlffl- 
onlties  between  England  and  Prance  were  referred  by 
peace  of  Amiens,  1475;  headed  deputation  which  per- 
suaded the  queen<dowager  to  entrust  her  second  son, 
Richard,  to  his  uncle,  Uie  Protector ;  ofBdated  at  corona- 
tion of  Richard  m,  1483 ;  married  Henry  VII  to  Eliza- 
beth of  York,  1486.  [vL  15] 

BOVBOHIEB,  THOBIAS  (d.  1586  ?X  friar  of  Obser- 
vant order  of  Franciscans ;  probably  educated  at  Mag- 
dalen Hall,  Oxford :  doctor  of  theology,  Sorb(ume,  Paris ; 
joined  Reformed  Franciscans  at  Rome ;  penitentiary  in  the 
Lateran :  wrote  a  history  of  Franciscan  martyrs  (1582). 

[vi.  18] 

BOTTBDIETr,  ISAAC  du  (1597  7-1692  ?).  [See  Du 
BotTRDun.] 

BOUKDIETT,    JEAN    du    (164S  7-1720).      [See   Du 

BOKUIKU.] 

BOTTBDILLOK,  JAMES  DEWAR  (1811-1888),  Madras 
dvil  servant ;  went  to  Madras,  1829 ;  spcretary  to  go- 
vernment in  revenue  and  public  works  departments, 
1854-61 ;  did  much  for  Improvement  of  irrigation  and 
system  of  land  revenue.  [vL  19] 

BOTTEOEOIS,  Sir  PETER  FRANOLS  (1756-1811), 
painter ;  studied  under  De  Loatherbourg ;  exhibited  at 
Roytil  Academy  and  British  Institution  between  1779  and 
1810 ;  R.A.,  1793 ;  Umdscape-painter  to  George  III,  1794 ; 
painter  to  Stanislaus,  king  of  Poland,  and  knighted,  1791 ; 
bequeathed  371  pictures  to  Dulwich  College.       [vL  19] 

BOUBXS,  Sib  RICHARD  (1777-1855X  colonial  go- 
vernor: educated  for  bar:  ensign  in  grenadier  guai^ 
1798 ;  oaptain,  1799 ;  assistant  qnarterm&«ter-general  to 
army  in  Portugal,  1808-9 ;  in  Oalida,  1812  ;  colonel  and 
C.B. ;  major-general,  1821 ;  lientenant-govemor  of  eastern 
Cape  of  Qood  Hope,  1825-8 ;  governor  of  New  South  Wales, 
1831-7 ;  estabUsbed  regular  scheme  of  emigration :  K.C.B., 
1885 :  general,  1851.  [vL  20] 

BOUBXS,  RICHARD  SOUTHWELL,  sixth  Earl  of 
Mato  (1822-1872X  viceroy  and  governor-general  of 
India;  graduated  at  Trinity  College,  Dublin:  M.P.  for 
Kildare,  1847-52,  Coleraine,  1862-7,  and  Cockermonth, 
after  1857 ;  chief  secretary  for  Ireland,  under  conserva- 
tive governments,  1852,  1868,  and  1866 ;  viceroy  and 
S>vemor-general  of  India,  1869 :  assaflsinated  at  Port 
lair.  His  policy  was  to  endeavour,  whUe  in»Lsting  on 
the  superior  power  of  Britain,  to  maintain  intimate  rela- 
tions of  friendship  with  neighbouring  states,  opposing 
their  neutralisation  in  the  European  sense.  In  finance  he 
adopted  a  policy  of  *  deoentrallsatira.*  [vi.  21] 

BOTJSVAN,  ROBERT  (d,  1675).    [See  Boremax.] 

BOTTBir,  NICOL  i/L  1581).    [See  Burke.] 

BOUBH,  SAMUEL,  the  elder  (1648-1719X  dissenting 
minister:   educated  at  Emmanuel  College,  Cambridge: 

Fresbyterian  minister  at  Calne,  1679,  ai^  Bolton,  1696- 
719.    A  volume  of  his  sermons  appeared,  1722.  [vL  24] 

BOTTBir,  SAMUEL,  the  younger  (1689-1764),  dis- 
senting minister;  second  son  of  Samuel  Bourn  (1648- 
1719)  [q.  v.] :  joint-pastor  at  New  Meeting,  Birmingham, 
and  at  Coedey,  1782;  published  controversial  ana  reli- 
gious works.  [vL  25] 

BOUBH,  SAMUEL  (1714-1796),  dissenting  minister ; 
second  son  of  Samuel  Bourn  (1689-1764)  [q.  v.]  ;  educated 
at  Glasgow  University:  joint-minister  of  presbyterian 
congregati<ni  at  Norwich,  1754  ;  published  controversial 
and  r^igiouri  works.  [vL  27] 

BOURN,  THOMAS  (1771-1882),  school  teacher ;  com- 
piled « Gazetteer  of  the  World,*  1807.  [vL  28] 


1 


BOUBH,  WILLIAM  (d,  1588).    [See  Bo^vk.] 

BOUBHE,  GILBERT  (d.  1569%  bUbop  .of  Bath  and 
Wells ;  fellow.  All  Souls*  Oollege,  Oxford,  I58I ;  B.A., 
1632 ;  prebendary  of  Worcester,  1541,  of  St.  P)anl*8, 1646 : 
proctor  for  clergy  of  diooeM  of  London,  1641;  nhftpi^iw  to 
Bishop  Bonner ;  bishop  of  Bath  and  Wells,  1664 ;  warden 
of  Welsh  marches ;  refused  oaths  of  allegiaaoe  to  Elixa- 
beth,  and  was  committed  to  Tower,  1669 ;  snbeeqaently 
detained  in  private  custody.  [>L  18] 

BOUBHB,  HENRY  (1696-1783),  divine  and  antiqaary ; 
M  JL  Christ  College,  Cambridge,  1724 ;  published  *  An- 
tiquitates  Vulgares,'  1726,  and  left  unfinished  a  history  of 
Newcastle  (published,  1736).  [ri.  99] 

BOUBHE,  HUGH  (1772-1862),  founder  of  the  primi- 
tive methodists :  local  preacher  among  Wesleyan  metho- 
dists ;  revived  camp  meetings  f <nr  preaching  and  fellow- 
ship, 1807,  and  accordingly  was  expdled  from  Weateyan 
Methodist  Society,  1806 ;  founded  primitive  methodiate, 
1810,  and  subsequently  travelled  in  Scotland,  Ireland,  and 
America, enrolling  recruits;  published  work  relattng  to 
his  sect.  [vL  29] 


BOXnEtNE,  IMMANUEL  (1590-1679),  divine: 
Christ  Church,  Oxford,  1616 ;  rector  of  Waltbam-on-the- 
Wolds,  1666  :  ccmformed  at  Restoration  ;  rector  oi  Ay%^ 
stone,  1670-9 ;  published  religious  works.  [vl.  80] 

BOUBHE,  NEHEMIAH  i/l.  1649-1662X  major  ia 
parliamentary  army  ;  captain  in  navy  on  remodelling  at 
fleet,  e.  1649 ;  rear-admiral  of  fleet,  1662 ;  commiasiooOT 
for  equipment  of  fleets,  1662 ;  emigrated  to  America  on 
Restoration.  [vl  81] 

BOUBHE,  REUBEN  (/.  1692),  dramatist;  member 
of  Middle  Temple ;  published  *  The  Contented  Cuckold,*  a 
comedy,  1692.  [vL  81] 

BOUBHE,  ROBERT  a761-1829),  physician;  MJX 
Worcester  College,  Oxford,  1787;  F.R.C.P.,  1790;  pro- 
fessor of  physic,  1803,  and  clinical  medicine,  1824,  Oxford. 

[vL82] 

BOUBHE.  VINCENT  (1695-1747),  Latin  poet ;  edo- 
cated  at  Westminster  and  Trini^  College,  Cambridge; 
fellow,  1720 ;  M.A.,  1721 ;  master  at  Westminster  School, 
Cowper  belnig  one  of  his  pupils ;  housekeeper  and  deputy 
serjeant-at-arms  to  House  of  Commons,  1784  ;  pnbUsfaed 
*  Poemata,  Lathie  partim  reddita,  partim  scripta  *  (1784X 
80BM  of  which  were  translated  by  (3owper  and  Lamb. 

[VL821 

BOUBHE  or  BOURH,  WILLIAM  (d.  1583),  matte- 
matician :  self-taught :  probably  employed  at  QraveMod 
as  gunner  and  ship-carpenter ;  published  almanacks  and 
works  on  gunnery  and  navigation,  leaving  mannscrlpta 
on  similar  subjects.  [vL  88] 

BOUBHE,  WILLIAM  STURGES-  (1769-18461,  poUti- 
cian :  educated  with  Canning  at  Winchester  and  Christ 
Church,  Oxford ;  M.A.,  1793 ;  D.C.L.,  1881 :  called  to  bar 
at  Lincoln's  Inn,  1798 ;  M.P.,  1798-1831 ;  joint-secretaiy 
of  treasury,  1804-6:  lord  of  treasury,  1807-9;  privy 
councillor,  1814 ;  home  secretary,  1H27 :  oommisrioner  of 
woods  and  foreste,  1827 :  lord  warden  of  New  Forest,  1828- 
18:n.  [vL  84] 

BOUTEL,  Mrs.  (/.  1663-1696),  actress;  member  o< 
Theatre  Royal  company;  her  first  recorded  character, 
Bstifania  in  '  Rule  a  Wife,  and  Have  a  Wife,'  &  1664,  and 
her  last,  Thomyris,  in  *  Cyrus  the  Great,'  1696.    [vi.  86] 

BOXTTELL,  CHARLES  (1812-1877X  arohMdoctot : 
B.A.  St  John's  College,  Cambridge,  1884:  incorporated 
at  Trinity  College,  Oxford,  and  M.A^  1886;  rector  of 
Norwood,  Surrey;  published  works  on  arobBtdogj  and 
heraldry.  [vL »]. 

BOUTFLOWEB,  HENRY  CREWE  (179ft-186S).  Hid- 
sean  essajrist :  M.A.  St  John's  College,  Cambridge,  1819 ; 
Hulsean  prizeman,  1816 ;  head-master.  Bury  school,  Laa- 
cashire,  1823 ;  rector  of  Elmdon,  1867-43 ;  published 
Hulsean  essay.  \rL  36]    - 

BOUVEBIE,  EDWARD  PLEYDELL-  (181»-1889X 
politician  ;  second  son  of  William  Pleydell-Boaverie,  third, 
earl  of  Radnor  [q.  v.] ;  M.A.  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,. 
1838 ;  barrister.  Inner  Temple,  1848 ;  liberal  M.P.,  Kilmar- 
nock, 1844-74 ;  president  of  poor-law  board,  1866-8 ;  op- 
posed Gladstone's  Irish  University  Bill,  1873;  wrote 
numerous  letters  to  the  *  Times  *  signed  B.  P.  B. 

[slT.  418] 


BOUVERIE 


129 


BOWERBANK 


Sn  HENRY  PRKDBRIOK  (1788-1863X 
oisign,  1799:  aide-d*-oamp  to  RoMlyn,  1807, 
and  WcOedej,  1809 ;  oa  staff,  1810 :  ookmeU  1814 ;  iCO.B^ 
ISlt;  goffcmor  and  oomnuuEider-iii-chief  of  Malta,  I8S6- 
IMS  ;  lieotaDani-geDeral,  18S8 ;  Q.03.,  186S.      [tL  36] 


WnJJAX  PLBTDELL-,  third  Barl 
OF  Radxos  (1779-1869X  whig  poUtidan ;  M.P.  for  Down- 
too.  1801.  wad  Saliaboiy,  1809-28;  aotirely  sopported 
Mdal  BMura :  friead  of  WiUiam  Oobbett^      [vi.  S6] 


RBYKOLD  GIDEON  (d,  1896>.  divine : 

LLA,  JesiH  Oolleg«,  Cambiidge,  1769;  prebendary  of 

178§ :  entabliftlied  parochial  librarlM  tbroagboat 

CtI.37] 


or  BOZVET,  GATHARINA.  (1669-173CX 
pfaOiDUiroiBBt :  ttSe  Riches;  married,  1684;  associated 
with  a  Xn.  SCary  Pope  in  many  charitable  works. 

[vL37] 
BOVnX,  Sib  WILLIAM  (1814-1873),  judge;  bar- 
rister of  Middle  Temple,  1841 ;  Q.O^  1865 :  oonsenrative 
KJ*.  for  Gniklford,  1867;  solidtor-general  and  chief- 
jQstiBe  of  oommon  pleai,  1866  ;  hon.  D.O.L.  Oxford,  1870 ; 
TJLS. ;  prerided  at  first  Tichbome  triaL  [tI.  38] 

BOVULVS  id,  1696>    [See  Bullock,  Hsnbt.] 

BOWAOK,  JOHN  (>f.  1787X  writing-master  at  Weet- 
Bunster  Sdiool ;  clerk  to  turnpike  commissioners,  173S ; 
iieiitent  secretary  to  Westminster  Bridge  commissioners, 
1737;  began  pnUicatioii  of  ^Antlqoities  of  Middlesex,* 
im.  [▼!.  39] 

BOWATXR.  Sib  EDWARD  (1787-1861X  Ueatenant- 
ecDeral ;  educated  at  Harrow ;  ensign,  1804 ;  served  in 
I^Dinsola  and  Waterloo  campaigns,  1808-15 ;  groom-in- 
noting  in  ordinary  to  the  qoeen,  1846 ;  Ueotenant-gene- 
ninl ooknei  49th  foot.  [tL  39] 


JOHN  {d,  1750X  Presbyterian  divine: 
■Wsler  at  Frome,  1707-50 ;  poblished  sermons  and  oon- 
titeHed  to  *  Divine  Hymns  and  Poems '  (1704X  irt  40] 


.,  JOHN  WILLIAM  (1798-1844X  eoclesias- 
tieal  wztter :  educated  at  Harrow  and  Trinity  College, 
Oxford;  MJL,  18S3:  commissioner  of  stamps,  1826-40; 
■tfanete  friend  of  J<dm  Henry  Newman,  and  a  zealotis 
puttaB  in  the  Tractarian  movement.  His  works  include 
VUib<AGT^pxjYU*ilS40).  C^i- 41] 


SAMUEL   (A    17SS-1761X     physicisn; 
ptfiUshBd  poems,  1733-5.  [vL  41] 

BOWDXCE,  THOMAS  EDWARD  (1791-1824X  African 
tnvdler ;  obtained  writership  in  service  of  African  Com- 
psay,  and  went  to  Oape  Coast  Castle,  1814;  formed 
treaty  with  king  of  Ashantee,  granting  peaee  to  Brititsh 
wakBKnto  on  Gold  CoaHt,  1815 ;  returned  to  England, 
inS:  Btodied  science  in  Paris:  published  workn  and 
tiaadatians  relating  to  Ashantee  and  African  explore- 
tioB.  [vi.  41] 

MWSm,  HENRIETTA  MARIA  (1754-1830X  re- 
Ufioas  writer:  sifter  of  John  Bowdler  the  eUer  [q.  v.]  ; 
PBhUihsd  rdlgioos  poems  and  essays.  [vi  43] 


,  JANE  (1743-1 784X  aathorem ;  sister  of 
Bearictta  Maria  Bowdler  [q.  v.] ;  a  selection  of  her  poems 
•adcHays  appeared,  1786.  [vl.  43] 


JOHN,  the  younger  (1783-1815X  author ; 
Mm  of  John  Bowdler  (1746-1823)  [q.  v.] ;  bar- 
risttfoC  LtnooUi*s  Inn,  1807;  selections  from  his  verse 
sad  prose  appeared,  1816.  [vL  44] 

MWSLIR,  JOHN,  the  elder  (1746-1823X  author: 
ebaBber  oonveyanoer,  1770-80;  one  of  founders  of 
Ckordi  Building  Society;  published  political  and  re- 
Ufioas  pamphlets.  [vi.  43] 


THOMAS  (1754-1825X  editor  of  Shake- 
waie ;  brother  of  John  Bowdler  the  elder  [q.  v.]  ;  M.D. 
BfialMngh,  1776 ;  F.R.S.  and  L.O.P.,  1781 ;  Pi^A.,  1784  ; 
Tiritel  Low  Ooantries,  1787,  and  wrote  narrative  of  their 
paitSeal  dbmnioii:  poblished  *  Family  Shakespeare' 
<Mvois.  1818X  an  expurgated  version  of  the  text;  pro> 
psnl,  on  simihu'  linea,  edition  of  Olbbon'k  '  History.* 
Hk  wwks  gave  riae  to  the  term  '  bowdlerise.'     [vL  44] 


THOMAS,    the    yoonger  (1782-1856X 

Aviae:  too  of  John  Bowdler  the  elder  [q.  v.  j :  M.A.  St. 
J«te'kGoaege,  Cambridge,  1806 :  prebendary  of  St  Paul's, 
IMI :  sOtad  (1826)  his  ancle's  *  Gibbon.'  [  vL  46] 


BOWSH,  CHARLBS  SYNGB  CHRISTOPHER, 
Baron  Bowex  (1885-1H94X  judge :  educated  at  Rugby 
and  BaUiol  College,  Oxford ;  fellow,  1857 :  M.A.,  1872 ; 
D.C.L.,  1883 :  called  to  bar  at  Llnoohi's  Inn,  1861 : 
bencher,  1H79 :  joined  wottem  circuit ;  junior  coumwl 
against  *  Claimant'  in  *  Tichbome  case,*  1871-4;  ap- 
pointed judge  of  queen's  bench  and  knighted,  1879 ;  lord 
of  appeal  in  ordinary,  receiving  life  peerage,  1893 :  pub- 
lished translations  from  Virgil,  and  other  writings. 

[SuppL  i.  238] 

BO  WEN,  EMANUEL  iJl.  1752X  map-engraver  to 
George  II  and  Loul4  XV.  [ri.  48] 

BOWXN,  Sir  OEORQE  FERGUSON  (18S1-1899X 
colonial  governor ;  educated  at  Charterhouse  and  Trinity 
College,  Oxford ;  B.A.  and  fellow  of  Braseno^  1844 : 
M.A.,  1847 ;  entered  Lincoln's  Inn,  1844 ;  president  of 
university  of  Corfu,  1847-51 ;  chief  Mcretary  to  govern- 
ment in  Ionian  iHlamis,  1854;  K.C.M.G.,  1856;  flnt 
governor  of  Queensland,  1859 ;  G.C.M.G.,  1860 ;  appointed 
governor  of  New  Zealand,  1867;  snooeesfuUy  pursued 
policy  of  conciliation  towards  Maoris  and  Mttiers ;  go- 
vernor of  Victoria,  1872 ;  honorary  D.C.L.  Oxford,  1875  ; 
appointed  to  Mauritius,  1879,  and  Hongkong,  1882 ;  re- 
constructed colonial  legislature  and  establi»hed  friendly 
foreign  policy ;  retired  from  oflloe,  1887 ;  privy  ooon- 
clUor,  1886 ;  honorary  LL.D.  Cambridge,  1886  :  chleriP  of 
royal  oommisfdon  on  new  oon^titution  of  Malta,  1887 ; 
published  *  Mount  Atbos,  TbeatuUy,  and  Bpiros*  (1852X 
and  other  works.  [SuppL  L  240] 

BOWEN,  JAMES  (d.  1774X  painter  and  topographer ; 
made  collections  for  history  of  Shropshire.         [vL  46] 

BOWXN,  JAMBS  (1751-1835X  rear-admiral:  com- 
manded ship  in  African  and  West  India  trade ;  manter  in 
navy,  1781-9 ;  inspecting  agent  of  trannports  in  Thames,. 
1789  :  master  of  Howe's  flagship  in  battie  of  1  June  1794  ; 
captain,  1795 ;  commissioner  ox  tranfiport  board,  e.  1803, 
t  nd  of  navy,  1816-25  ;  rear-admiral,  1825.  [vL  46] 

BOWXN,  JOHN  (1756-1832X  painter  and  genealogist : 
9on  of  James  Bowen  (d.  1774)  [q.  v  ] ;  made  antiquarian 
collections  relating  to  Shropshire.  [vi  47] 

BOWEN,  JOHN  ( 1815-1 859X  colonial  bishop ;  emi- 
grated to  Canada,  1H35 ;  returned  home  and  entered 
trinity  College,  Dublin,  1843  :  LL.D.,  1857 ;  visited  many 
foreign  stations  of  Church  MLasionary  Society,  1848-51 
and  1854-6  :  bishop  of  Sierra  Leone,  1857.  [vi.  47] 

BOWEN,  THOMAS  fd.  1790X  map-engraver;  son  of 
Emanuel  Bowen  [q.  v.] ;  bis  works  Include  maps  and 
charts  of  West  Indies  from  Captain  James  Speer's  sur- 
veys. [vL  48] 

BOWER,  ALEXANDER  (/I.  1804-1830X  assistant- 
librarian  at  Edinburgh  University  ;  published  biographi- 
cal and  historical  worlcs.  [vL  48] 

BOWER,  ARCHIBALD  (1686-1766X  hlhtorlan :  edu- 
cated at  Scots  college  at  Douay ;  entered  Society  of  Jesus 
1706;  studied  divinity  at  Rome,  1717-21;  professed  of 
four  vows,  r.  1723 ;  came  to  England,  1726  :  conformed  to 
church  of  Englami ;  classical  tutor  to  Lord  Aylmer ;  con- 
tributed history  of  Rome  to'  Universal  History,'  1785-44 ; 
readmitted  Jesuit,  1745,  but  again  left  the  sooie^,  1747 ; 
published  *  History  of  the  Popes,'  7  vols.  1748-66  :  accused, 
in  pamphlets,  by  Rev.  Alban  Butier  and  Rev.  John  Douglas 
(afterwards  bishop  of  SalisbnryX  and  proved  guilty  of 
being  secretly  a  member  of  catholic  church.        [vL  48] 

BOWER  or  BOWERS,  GEORGE  (tf.  1690X  engraver 
to  the  mint,  2664-90.  [vi.  51] 

BOWER  or  BOWMABZR,  WALTER  {d.  1449X  nbbot 
of  Inchcolm ;  probably  member  of  Ausra^itlniau  priory 
of  St  Andrews  ;  B.C.L. ;  commissioner  to  collect  ransom 
money  of  James  I  (of  8ootiandX  1423  and  1424  :  present 
at  council  held  at  Perth,  1432:  reputed  oontiuuator 
(1440-7)  of  Fordun's  •Chronica  (Jentis  Scotomm.'  as  it 
appears  In  the  '  Scotichronicon,*  of  which  he  wrote  an 
abridgment  called  *  Book  of  Cupar.'  A  complete  edition 
of  the  '  Scotichronicon  '  was  publiohod  In  1759.  [vl.  62] 

BOWESBAHK,  JAMES  SCOTT  (1797-1877X  geo- 
logist :  partner  in  London  dbtillery  ;  lectured  on  botany, 
1^-4,  anil  human  oi^teoloey,  1831 :  one  of  founders  of 
'London  Clay  Club,*  18.36,  and  of  PaUeontographical 
Society,  1847;  F.R.S.,  1843:  mo^t  important  work, 
*  Foasil  Fruita  of  the  London  Clay '  (1840X         [vi.  53] 


BOWERS 


180 


BOWMAN 


B0WEE8,  OEORGK  HULL  (i7»4-1871X  divine: 
D.D.  Clare  GoUetre,  Oambrid^e,  1849 ;  denu  ol  ManobeK- 
t«f,  1847-71 ;  joint  founder  of  Uarlboroogh  School ;  pab- 
lisbed  works  on  ecclesiastical  matters.  [vL  64] 

BOWES,  ELIZABETH  (1(02  ?-1568),dlfloiple  of  John 
Kdox  ;  nit  Atske :  married  Richard,  son  of  Sir  Ralph 
Bowl's  :  fell  auder  iuflnencc  of  John  Knox,  who  adopted 
her  as  a  rektive  and  married  her  daughter,  Marjor: ; 
lived  chiefly  with  Knox,  from  15M.  [vi.  55J 

BOWES,  Sir  OEORGK  (1517-1556),  commnnder  In 
border  wars:  acoompauieil  Hertfonl  in  his  raid,  1644, 
and  was  knighted.  [vL  55] 

BOWES.  Sir  GEORGE  (1527-1580).  sohlicr:  son  of 
Elizabeth  Bowe«  [q.  v.] ;  marshal  of  Berwick,  1568 : 
knighted,  1560 :  provost  marshal  of  Earl  of  Suiwex's  army : 
.M.P.  for  Knareslxirotigh,  1571,  und  Morpeth,  1572:  high 
slierifl  of  county  palatuie,  1676.  [vi.  66] 

BOWES,  Sir  JEROME  ('/.  1616),  ambassador:  tem- 
porarily banished  from  court  for  slandering  Earl  of 
Leicester,  1677 :  ambassador  to  Rumia,  158S :  dismissed 
after  death  of  the  Czar  Ivanvasilovitch ;  translated  from 
French  an  *  Apology  for  Cluristiaus  of  Franoe,*  1679. 

[vi.  67] 

BOWES,  JOHN  (1690-1767),  lord  chaut^lor  of  Ire- 
land; called  to  Itar  in  England,  1718,  and  in  Ireland. 
1726;  soUcitor-guneral,  1730;  M.P.  for  Taghmou,  1731 ; 
attomey-general  for  Ireland,  1739,  ohief  baron  of  ex- 
chequer, 1741,  and  chancellor,  1767;  received  title  of 
Baron  of  Cloulyon,  1768 ;  lord  jastioe  in  Ireland,  1765 
and  1766.  [vL  68] 

BOWES.  JOHN  (1804-1874),  prcaclier:  preached 
among  Weeleyans :  became  primitive  methodist  minister : 
renounced  all  party  appellations  and  started  mission  at 
Dundee,  18.S0 ;  open-air  preacher :  published  pamphlets. 

[vi.68] 

BOWES,  MARMADUKE  (</.  1585),  catlioHc  martyr; 
executed  at  York  for  harbouring  catholic  priests.  [vL  69] 

BOWES,  Sir  MARTIN  (1600  ?-1666),  lord  mayor  of 
London :  deputy  '  keeper  of  exchange,*  1680 :  sub-trea- 
surer of  mint ;  sheriff  of  Lcmdoo,  1640 :  lord  mayor, 
1646.  [vi.  69] 

BOWES,  MARY  ELEANOR.  (Xiuntbw  op  Strath- 
xoRK  (1749-1800) ;  nie  Bowes;  married,  1767,  John 
Lyon,  ninth  earl  of  Strathmore  {d.  1776) :  married  Lieu- 
tenant Andrew  Stoney :  left  Ston^  and,  1789,  obtained 
ilivoroe  for  cruelty ;  published  *  Confessions '  and  other 
writings.  [vL  60] 

BOWES,  PAUL  {d.  1702),  editor  of  D'Ewes's  *  Jour- 
nals * ;  pensioner  of  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  1650 : 
oalled  to  bar  at  Middle  Temple,  1661 :  bencher,  1679 : 
F.Ri^.,  1699 :  edited  '  Journals  *  of  his  uncle.  Sir  Simonds 
D'Ewes,  1682.  [vL  61] 

BOWES,  Sir  ROBERT  (1495  7-1554),  commander 
and  lawyer ;  warden  of  east  and  middle  marches,  1660, 
and  drew  up  *Book  of  State  of  Frcmtient  and  Marclies 
betwixt  England  and  Scotland  * ;  privy  councillor,  1661 : 
master  of  rolls,  1652.  [vi.  61] 

BOWES,  ROBERT  (1636  7-1697X  English  ambassa- 
dor to  Scotland :  won  of  Elizabeth  Bowes  {q.  v.]  ;  sheriff 
of  county  palatine  of  Durham,  1569 ;  M.P.  for  Carlisle, 
1671 ;  treasuro*  of  Berwick,  1675-97 ;  ambassador  in 
Scotland,  1677-88.  [vL  62] 

BOWES,  THOMAS  (fl.  1686),  translator :  translated 
first  and  second  parts  of  Peter  dc  Primaii«laye's  *  French 
Academy,*  1586-94.  [vL  62] 

BOWES,  Sir  WILLIAM  (1389-1464)  ?X  mUitary  com- 
mander: served  In  French  wars,  1415-;{2:  knighted  at 
Vcmeuil ;  governor  ot  Berwick.  [vL  63] 

BOWET,  HENliY  {d.  1428X  archbishop  of  York: 
chaplain  to  Urban  VI  at  Rome:  enjoyed  confidence  of 
Richard  II ;  prebeii'iary  of  Lino<^  before  1886 ;  banished 
as  abettor  of  Boliiigbroke,  1899 ;  prebendary  of  London  : 
one  of  four  regents  of  king's  possessions  in  southern 
France:  bishop  of  Bath  and  Wells,  1401;  treasurer, 
1402:  archbishop  of  York,  1407;  accompanied  army 
against  Scottish  invaders,  1417.  [vi.  63] 

BOWIE,  JAME8  (4.  1853),  botanist:  travelled  in 
BraxiU  1814,  and  the  Cape,  1817  and  1827 ;  ooUector 
for  Kew  Ganleua,  1814-28.  [vi.  66] 


BOWLBT,  THOMAS  WILLIAM  (1817-1860),  *  Times* 
correspondent:  aolicltor  in  London;  oorrespmident  of 
the  '  Times  *  in  Berlin.  1848,  and  China,  1860;  oaptored 
by  Tartar  general  SHu-ko-Un-sin ;  died  from  efCecta  of 
ill-treatment.  [vi.  66] 

BOWLE  or  BOWLES,  JOHN  (</.  1637X  biabop  of 
Rochester;  fellow.  Trinity  College,  (Cambridge;  D.D^ 
1618 ;  incorporated  D.D.  Oxford.  1616 ;  dean  of  Sails- 
bury,  1620;  bishop  of  Rocliester,  1629:  published  re- 
ligious works.  [vL  66] 

BOWLE,  JOHN  (1726-1788),  writer  on  Spanish  Utera- 
ture;  M.A.  Oriel  College,  Oxford,  1750;  Fit. A.,  1776: 
vicnr  of  Idmiston :  member  of  Johnson's  Essex  Head 
( -liib :  earliest  discoverer  of  Lauder's  forgeriei^ ;  puUiabed, 
1781,  a  life  of  (Tcrvautes  in  Spanish.  [vL  66] 

BOWLER,  THOMAS  WILLIAM  (</.  1H69X  landscape 
iminter;  assiistant-astronomcr  at  the  Cape;  publishul 
views  of  South  African  scenery.  [vL  67] 

BOWLES,  CAROLINE  ANNE  (1786-1864).  [See 
SocTHmr.] 

BOWLES.  EDWARD  (1618-1662),  presbyterian 
minister;  educated  at  Catharine  Hall,  Cambridge ;  parlia- 
mentary mlnittter  in  York,  1644 ;  uctivdy  supptnted 
Restoration,  1660 :  published  religioos  works.     [ii.  67] 

BOWLES,  Sir  GEORGE  ( 1787-1 K76),  general:  rnnred 
in  Peninsular  and  AVaterloo  campaigns:  in  Caiuida, 
1818-20 ;  deputy  adjntant-general  in  West  Indies,  1820-6 : 
lieutenant-colonel  in  Canada,  1838:  mastt^r  of  qoeen^i 
household,  1846;  maior-general,  1846;  K.C.B.  and  Uea- 
tensmt  of  Tower,  1861.  [vL  68] 

BOWLES,  JOHN  (<f.  1637X    [See  BowUL] 

BOWLES,  PHINEAS  (d.  \72t\  major-genenl ; 
colonel  of  foot  rogiracut  in  Ireland,  1706;  served  at 
Barcelona,  Almanzo,  Saragoesa  (1710),  and  was  captured 
in  Castile :  raised  corps  of  dragoons  (now  12th  lancertX 
1716.  [vt  68] 

BOWLES,  PHINEAS  {d.  1749),  lieutenant-general: 
son  of  Phineas  Bowles  {d.  1722)  [q.  v.] :  soooaeded  Us 
fatlier  as  colonel  of  12th  dragoons:  lieutenant-general, 
1746,  and  governor  of  Londonderry.  [vi.  68] 

BOWLES.  WILLIAM  (1705-1780). naturalist;  studied 
science  in  Paris;  superintendent  of  state  mines  ta 
Spanish  service,  1 752 ;  published  work  in  Spanish  oa 
natural  history  and  geography  of  Spaui,  1775.    [vL  69] 


BOWLES,  WILLIAM  LISLE  (1762-1860),  dlvliM, 
I  poet,  and  antiquary :  educated  at  Winchester  oi^  Trinity 
College.  Oxford:  B.A.,  1792:  vicar  <A  BremhilL  Wot- 
shire,  1804-60 :  prebendary  of  Salisbury,  1804,  and  oaaon 
residentiary,  1828 :  chaplain  to  prince  regent,  1818 ;  pirt>- 
llshed  poems,  his  sonnets  being  especially  graoefol.  1789- 
1887,  an  edition  of  Pope,  1806,  and  various  eoolosiastioal 
and  antiquarian  works.  [vi.  69] 

BOWLET,  ROBERT  KANZOW  ( 1818-1870),  amatenr 
musician :  conductor  of  Boievolent  Society  of  MusLosl 
Amateurs:  oooneoted  with  Sacred  Harmonle  Sooliiy, 
1834-70 :  orighiated  phiu  of  Handel  festivals,  1866. 

[vL7l] 

BOWLT,  SAMUEL  (1802-1884),  quaker :  cheese 
factor  at  Gloucester :  took  active  part  in  the  anti-aUverj 
agitation,  and  was  a  strong  advocate  of  total  abetineDoa. 

[vL71] 

BOWMAK,  EDDO^'EB  (18lO-1869\disKnting  tutor: 
son  of  John  Eddowes  Bowman  (1786-1841)  [q.  v.]  :  sab- 
manager  of  Yarteg  ironworks,  near  Pontypool,  1886-40: 
MJL  Glasgow:  profemor  of  classical  literatare  and 
history  at  Manchester,  New  (JoUege.  1846-68 ;  pabUriMd 
theological  and  other  works.  [vi.  71] 

BOWXAV,  HENRY  (^.  1677X  muitidan  :  orvanistof 
Trinity  College,  Cambridge  ;  published  songs  and  otbv 
musical  compositions.  [tL  72] 

BOWXAH,  HENRY  (1814-1888),  architect:  son  of 
John  Eddowes  Bowman  (1785-1841)  [q.  v.]  ;  johxt  author 
of "  Ecclesiastical  Architecture  of  Great  Britain,*  1846. 

[▼L781 

BOWMAK,  JOHN  EDDOWES,  the  elder  (178S-18I1X 
hanker  and  naturalist ;  managing  partner  of  a  bank  at 
Wrexham :  fellow  of  Linnean  and  (ii>ologloal  flodattBa ; 
published  writings  on  natoral  hiatory.  [rL  7S] 


BOWMAN 


181 


BOYD 


JOHN  EDD0WB8.  the  younger  (1819-  BOWYZR,  ROBERT  (175&-18»4>,  painter  ;  exhibited 

IBM),  cbBBitK :  eon  of  John  BddowoB  Bowman  (178(^  miniatorea  at  Royal  Aoademy,  1783-1828 ;  prodooed,  with 

1841)  [q*  ▼•]  ;  profcanr  of  chemiitry,  King's  OoUege,  Lon-  assistance  of  other  artists,  an  illustrated  edition  of  Hume's 

Ittl ;  poblidhed  sdentiflc  works.  [tL  73]  '  History  of  England.'  [vL  88] 

BOWTZS,  WILLIAM,  the  elder  (1663-1737),  printer  : 
apprenticed  to  Miles  Flesher,  1679  ;  freeman  of  Stationers* 
Company,  1686 ;  liveryman,  and  one  of  twenty  printers 
allowed  by  Star-chamber,  17U0.  [vi.  8S] 


.,  WALTER  {d.  178SX  antlqaary ;  oomp- 
tnDer  of  port  o(  Bristol ;  F.S.A.,  1736 ;  F.RA.,  1742. 

[Ti.73] 
r,  Bu  WILUAM  (1816-180SX  ophthalmic 
sargeoo.  King's  College  Hospital,  1»66 ;  pro- 
of physiology  and  general  and  nxHrbid  anatomy, 
IMS;  mptnher  of  oouncil,  1879:  surgeon  to  Royal 
Oiriifitetamc  Hospital,  MoorfieUa,  1861-76 :  P.ILS.,  1841 ; 
F.BXLSb,  IH-U :  first  preadent  of  Ophthalmologioal  Society 
of  United  Kingdom,  1880  ;  created  baronet,  1884  :  esta- 
UoiMd,  with  Robert  Bentley  Todd  (181)9-1860)  [q.  v.], 
Sl  JotJaa's   House    and  sisterhood;   published   surgical 

[SuppL  L  S42] 


WOWBAM,  SAMUEL  (1676-1763),  qoaker  minister : 
ondier  influence  of  Anne  Wilson,  a  quakraress,  and 
■obsequiaitiy  tra^dled  as  missionary  in  Great  Britain  and 
Iidsud ;  went  to  America,  1702,  and  was  imprisoned  in 
LoQ^  laland  for  preaching,  1702-3  ;  returned  to  England, 
1706 ;  rensiud  America,  1726-8 ;  wrote  autobiographical 
md  ociaer  works.  [vL  73] 

BOWHBE  or  BOTTin),  NICHOLAS  (d,  1613X  divine  ; 
mam  of  FMertKMiae,  Cambridge,  1670  ;  M.A.,  1675  ;  D.D., 
IfM :  incorporated  MJL  Oxford,  1677 ;  ministi*r  of 
ckorch  of  Bt.  Andrew  the  Apostle,  Norwich,  1611-13 : 
w\Mwhfld  rel%ioas  works,  including  *  The  Doctrine  of  the 
asbbatik.'  1686,  which  gave  riae  to  the  first  disagreement 
betwem  high  church  party  and  puritans  on  point  of  doo- 
tnasL  [vi.  74] 


JOHN  (1763-1818),  topographer  :  book- 

biodcr  ami  statAoaw  at  Cambridge ;  left  manuscript  his- 
toiyofCkanbridge.  [vL  80] 


,    Sib   OSOBOB    (1740  7-1800),    admbral ; 

BttHauatt,  1768 :  captain,  1769 ;  serred  in  West  Indies 
nfar  B]F^  and  Rodney.  1778-81 :  M.Pn  Queenborongh, 
1734 ;  rear-admiral,  1793 :  woonded  m  engagement  off 
Ctet,  1794 ;  created  baronet,  1794 ;  admiral  17y9. 

[Ti.81] 

lOWTEE,  Sol  OBOROB  (1811-1883X  seventh  baro- 
>« :  lawyer :  CKlet  at  Royal  Military  College,  Woolwich  ; 
csQsi  to  bar  at  Mkkile  Temple,  and  created  bou.  M.A. 
Oited,  1839;  equity  draughtsman  and  oonveyauctfr : 
IICJL  Oxibfd,  1844 ;  reader  in  law  at  Middle  Temple, 
ISM :  'iLF.  far  Dondalk,  1863-68,  and  for  Wexford  county, 
UiM& :  nuigi4trate  and  deputy-lieutenant  of  Berkshire  ; 
ppMHJMfl  m  series  of  valuable  text'books  on  constitutional 
prippnteioe.  [▼!•  81] 


PETER  (1676-1624  ?),  physician ;  feUow, 
Oorpos  Chiisti  Ocdtage,  Oxford;  DM.,  1614;  F.C.P., 
1U7 ;  poblisbed  *  Pseodo-Medioomm  Anatomia,'  1624. 

[▼i.  76] 

B0WSSB8,  WILLIAM  (1809-1867),  painter  of  domes- 
tie  sad  flgoie  sobjects :  self-taught ;  exhibited  at  Royal 
Academy.  183^-67  ;  wrote  pieoes  in  Westmoreland  dialect. 

[vi.  76] 

WaWBIMQ,  Sm  JOHN  (1792-1872X  linguist,  writer, 
and  trsvelkr ;  acquired  many  languages  in  a  mercantile 
boost  at  Bxcter  .  derk  in  London  house  of  Milford  <k  Co., 
who  sent  him  to  Peninsula,  1811;  began  business  inde- 
Itnsfc-ntly  ;  editor  of  *  Westminster  Review,'  1824  ;  LL.D. 
QfoniagSL,  1829 :  made  journeys  to  examine  system  of 
keqiing  pnblic  aoooonte  in  European  countries ;  appointed  ; 
(1311)  secretary  to  commission  ror  inspecting  accounts  of  I 
DnUed  Kingdom ;  sent  by  government  on  commercial  ! 
atekn  to  Belgium,  1833,  and  Egypt,  Syria,  and  Turkey, 
18S7-8 :  MJP.  for  ayde  burghs,  1836-7 ;  assisted  in  form- 
^  Anti-OomUw  League,  1838 ;  M.P.  for  Bolton,  1841 ; 
'^^linrl  \fsat  of  florin  as  first  step  towards  introduction 
of  decimal  systesn  of  currency  ;  consul  at  Canton,  1847  ; 
plenipotentiary  to  China,  governor,  commander-in-chief 
sad  Tio^itfimiral  of  Hong-Kong,  1864 :  knighted,  1864  ; 
■t^f^^^^ati  diplomatic  and  commercial  relations  with 
Sism.  1866 :  went  on  commercial  mission  to  Pliilippiue 
lahads,  1868 ;  returned  to  England,  1860 :  investigated 
Bdtish  coDomercial  relatione  with  Italy,  1860;  F.R.S. 
Bk  pubttcations  include  accounts  of  his  missions,  works 
nnonertcd  with  European  and  eastern  poetry,  hymns,  and 
and  eoooosnical  treatises.  [vi.  76] 


BOWYSK,  WILLIAM,  tlje  younger  (1699-1777X  *  the 
learned  printer*;  sou  of  William  Bowyer  (1663-1737) 
[q.  v.] ;  educated  under  Ambrose  Bonwicke  the  elder 
[q.  v.],  and  at  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge ;  partner 
with,  and  corrector  of  the  press  for,  his  father,  1722 : 
printer  of  votes  of  House  of  Commons,  1729  :  printer  to 
Socie^  of  Antiquaries,  and  F.SJL,  1736;  liveryman  <rf 
Stationers'  Company,  1738 ;  master,  1771 ;  in  partnership 
with  James  Emonson,  1764-7  ;  printer  to  Rojral  Society, 
1761 :  appointed  printer  of  rules  of  parliament  and  journal 
of  House  of  LordH,  1767  ;  publittbed  '  Origin  of  Fruiting,' 
1774.  He  supplied  notes  and  prefaces  to  many  of  tus 
publications,  and  wrote  (1763) '  Conjectural  Euicudations ' 
of  the  Greek  Testament.  [vL  88] 

BOXALL,  JOHN  (</.  1671),  secretary  of  state:  edu- 
cated at  Winchester,  and  graduated  at  New  College,  Ox- 
iord :  dean  of  Ely,  prebendary  of  Winchester,  and  seore- 
tary  of  state  to  Maiy.  1663-8 :  warden  of  Wincliester  Col- 
lege, 1664 :  privy  councillor,  and  master  and  councillor  of 
court  of  requests,  1566 :  regwtrarof  orderof  Oarter :  D.D., 
and  prebendary  of  York  and  Salisbury,  1668 ;  deprived 
of  ecclesiastical  preferments,  1660;  committed  to  lower 
and  Buheeqnently  to  *  free  custody '  of  the  archbishop. 

[ri.  86] 

BOXALL.  Sm  WILLIAM  (1800-1879),  portrait- 
painter  ;  studied  at  Royal  Academy  and  in  Italy ;  first 
exhibited  at  Royal  Academy,  1823  ;  R.A.,  1863  ;  director 
of  National  Gallery,  1866-74  :  knighted,  1867.     [vi.  87] 


EDWARD  (1784-1866),  rear-adndral ;  en- 
tered navy,  1798 ;  commander,  1816 :  took  part  in  siege 
of  Acre,  and  was  made  C.B.,  1840 :  harbour-oiHSter  at 
Quebec,  1843-63 ;  rear-admiral,  1803 :  second  m  comuuiud 
in  Mediterranean,  and  superintendent  at  Balaclava,  1864  ; 
died  of  cholera.  [vi.  87] 

BOTOE,  SAMUEL  (</.  1776),  author  of  a  dramatic 
pastoral,  aztd  several  poems.  [vL  88] 

BOTOE,  THOMAS  (J.  1798),  dramatist ;  rector  of 
Worlingham,  Sutlolk ;  author  of  'Harold,*  a  tragedy 
(1786).  [vL  88] 

BOTOE,  WILLIAM  (1710-1779),  musician  ;  choribter 
at  St.  Paul's  Cathedral ;  composer  and  joint-organist  to 
Chapel  Royal,  1736 ;  member  of  Royal  Society  of  Musicians ; 
produced  'Solomon,'  his  best  work.  1743  ;  Mus.Doc.  Cam- 
bridge, 1749:  organist  of  AUhullows  the  Great  and  Less, 
Thames  Street,  1749-69 ;  master  of  the  king's  band  of 
musicians,  and  conductor  of  festivals  of  Sons  of  the  Clergy, 
1766 ;  organist  of  Chapel  Royal,  1768  ;  composed  bhrtliday 
and  new  year  odes,  settings  to  niasiiucs  and  plays  (includ- 
ing '  Tempest,'  *Cymbeline'  and  *  Winter's  Tale'),  songs 
(including  '  Hearts  of  Oak  'X  and  church  music,  editing 
also  the  ooUectlou  entitled  *  Cathedral  Music'     [vi.  88] 

BOTOOTT,  CHARLES  CUNNINGHAM  (1832-1897), 
land  agent,  from  whose  name  the  word  *  boycott '  is  de- 
rived ;  educated  at  Woolwich :  obtained  commission  in 
39th  foot,  1860 ;  retired  as  captain  ;  agent  for  Lord  Erne's 
estates  in  county  Mayo,  1873;  came  into  conflict  with 
Land  League  agitators,  1879,  and  suffered  annoyances 
which  in  1880  gave  rise  to  word  '  boycott.'  [SuppL  L  243] 

BOTB,  ANDREW  KENNEDY  HUTCHINSON  (1826- 
1899),  Scottish  divine:  studied  at  King's  College  and 
Middle  Temple,  London,  and  at  Glasgow ;  B.A.,  1846 ; 
minister  of  St.  Bemanl'a,  Edinburgh,  1869 :  honorary 
D.D.  Edinburgh,  1864  :  minister  of  first  charge,  St.  An- 
drews, 1866  :  LLJ>.  St.  Andrews,  1889 ;  moderator  of 
general  assembly,  1800.  His  publications  include  *  Re- 
creations of  a  Country  Parson,'  three  series,  1869-61-78. 

[SuppL  1.  244] 

BOTB,  ARCHIBALD  (1803-1883),  divine;  M.A. 
Trinity  College,  Dublin,  1884 :  D.D.,  1868 :  honorary 
canon  of  Gloucester,  1867-67  ;  dean  of  Exeter,  1867  ;  pub- 
lished '  History  of  Book  of  Common  Prayer '  (1860)  and 
other  works.  [ri.  90] 

k2 


BOYD 


182 


BOYLE 


BOTD,  BENJAMIN  (1796-1861 X  Australian  sqoatter; 
stockbroker  in  London,  1834-S9 :  went  to  Sydney  to  or- 
ganise branches  of  Koyal  Australian  Banking  Company ; 
engaged  in  whaling  and  sheep  fanning.  [vi.  91] 

BOYD,  HENRY  (d.  1833),  translator  of  Dante ;  pro- 
bably educated  at  Dublin  University ;  published  trans- 
lations in  English  verse  of  Dante*s  *  Inferno,*  1786,  and 
^Divina  Ck)mmedia,'  1803,  also  other  tran^tions  and 
original  poems.  [vi.  91] 

BOTD,  HUGH  (1746-1794),  essayist:  MJL  Trinity 
College,  Dublin,  1765;  studied  law  in  London;  became 
acquainted  with  Goldsmith.  Garrick,  Burke,  and  Rey- 
nolds ;  flecretary  to  Lord  Macartney,  governor  of  Madras, 
1781,  and  sub^nently  master-attendant  at  Madras : 
conducted  '  Madras  Ootu^r '  and  other  papers  in  luUia ; 
his  writings  were  collected  and  published  after  his  death. 
The  '  Letters  of  Junius  *  have  be^  attributed  to  him. 

[vi.  93] 

BOTD,  HUGH  STUART  (1781-1848),  Greek  scholar ; 
educated  at  Pembroke  Hall,  Cambridge:  taught  Greek 
when  blind  (1838-48)  to  Elizabeth  Barr«tt  Browning ; 
published  classical  translations  and  other  works. 

[vl.  93] 

BOTD,  JAMBS  (1796-1866),  author:  M.A.  Glasgow: 
studied  medicine;  licensed  preacher  by  presbytery  (rf 
Dumbarton,  1833;  houf>e  governor  in  George  Heriot's 
Hospital,  Edinburgh,  1836 ;  classical  master,  high  school, 
Edinburgh,  1839-66 ;  edited  school-books.  [vL  93] 

BOTD,  MARK  (1806  7-1879),  author;  engaged  in 
busbiess  in  London ;  promoted  colonisation  of  Australia 
and  New  Zealand ;  published  *  Reminiscenoes.'    [vi.  93] 

BOTD,  MARK  ALEXANDER  (1663-1601),  Latin 
scholar ;  educated  at  Glasgow  ;  served  in  troop  of  horse 
under  Henri  III,  1687;  subsequently  travelled  in  France 
and  Low  Countries,  meeting  with  many  adventures ;  pub- 
lished letters  and  Latin  and  Greek  poems,  1693,  leaving 
also  manuscripts  in  prose  and  verse.  [vL  94] 

BOTD,  ROBERT,  Lord  Botd  (d.  1469  ?X  Scottish 
statesman ;  created  Lord  Boyd,  1464 ;  one  of  regents  during 
minority  of  James  III,  1460 ;  conspired  with  his  brother, 
Sir  Alexander,  obtainei  posseiMicm  of  king's  person,  and 
was  made  by  act  of  parliament  sole  governor  of  realm ; 
negotiated  marriage  between  James  and  Margaret  of 
Norway,  1468 ;  appointed  great  chamberlain  for  life,  1467 ; 
found  guilty  of  treason,  1469 ;  fled  to  Alnwick,  North- 
umberland, where  he  died.  [vL  96] 

BOTD,  ROBERT,  fourth  Lord  Boyd  {d.  1690X 
statesman:  assisted  the  regent  Arran  in  qudling  Len- 
nox's rebellion,  1644 ;  took  part  with  lords  of  congrega- 
tion in  war  against  queen  regent,  1669 ;  signed  treaty  of 
Berwick  and  joined  English  army  at  Prestonpans,  1660 : 
subscribed  to  *  Book  of  DisoipUne  of  Kirk,'  1661 ;  perhaps 
privy  to  murder  of  Daml^ ;  member  of  jury  which  ac- 
quitted Bothwell,  1567,  but  joined  confederacy  of  nobles  to 
protect  the  young  prince  against  Bothwdl  after  his  mar- 
riage to  Mfl[]7 ;  subsequently  again  took  BothweU's  part 
against  his  calumniators ;  made  a  permanent  monb^  of 
privy  council,  1667 ;  with  Mary's  forces  at  Langside,  1668; 
member  of  Mary's  council,  1569 ;  suspected  of  complicity 
in  murder  of  Murray,  1670 ;  joined  regent's  party  (per- 
haps at  Mary's  suggestion),  and  was  made  privy  council- 
lor, 1670;  appointed  by  Morton  extraordinary  lord  of 
session,  1678  ;  party  to  *  Raid  of  Ruthven '  and  banished, 
1683 ;  restored  to  plaoe  on  bench,  1686 ;  one  of  wardens 
of  marches,  1587.  [vL  96] 

BOTD,  ROBERT,  of  Trochrig  (1578-1637),  divine ; 
educated  at  Edinburgh  and  on  continent;  professor  in 
university  of  Saumur,  1606 ;  principal  of  Glasgow  Uni- 
versity, 1615-31,  and  of  Edinburgh  University,  1633,  but 
was  deprived  for  nonconformity  with  'five  articles  of 
Perth ' ;  minister  of  PaislQr,  1637  ;  wrote  *  Commentary 
on  Epistle  to  Ephesians  *  (published  posthumously)  and 
other  works.  [vL  98] 

BOTD,  Sir  ROBERT  (1710-1794),  general :  storekeeper 
(civilian)  of  ordnance  at  Port  Mahou,  Minorca,  till  1756  ; 
oistinguiMhed  himself  at  siege,  1766,  and  was  made  lieu- 
tenant-colonel, 1768  ;  colonel  of  39th  foot,  1766 ;  lieutenant- 
governor  of  Malta,  1768 ;  lieutoiant-general,  1777 ;  second 
in  command  at  defence  of  Gibraltar,  1779-88 :  K3. ; 
general,  1793.  [vL  99] 


BOTD,  ROBERT  {d,  1883X  alienist ;  MJLC.&,  1880 ; 
M.D.  Edinburgh,  1881 ;  F.R.O.P.,  1868 ;  proprietor  of  a 
private  lunatic  asylum,  Southall  Park ;  publisned  treatiaea 
relating  to  insanity.  [vL  100] 

BOTD,  THOMAS,  Earl  of  Arruc  ifl.  1469X  mo  of 
Robert,  first  lord  Boyd  [q.  v.] ;  created  Earl  of  Arran 
and  Baron  Kilmarnock,  1467 ;  married  Lady  Mary,  aister 
of  James  III  of  Scotland,  1467 ;  escorted  Margaret  of 
Norway  from  Denmark  to  Scotland,  1469 ;  fled  on  bearing 
of  his  father's  trial,  and  died  at  Antwerp.  [vL  96] 

BOTD,  WALTER  (1754 ?-1837),  financier:  banker 
in  Paris:  fled  from  revolution  and  established  basinesa 
with  Paul  Benfleld  [q.  v.]  in  London,  1793 ;  contracted 
for  large  government  loans ;  M.P.  for  Shaftesbury,  1796- 
1803;  bankrupt,  1799;  visited  France,  e.  1803,  and  was 
detahied  until  1814;  M.P.  for  Lymington,  1833-30 ;  wrote 
pamphlets  on  financial  subjects.  [vi.  100] 

BOTD,  WILLIAM,  fourth  Earl  of  Kiu&arnock 
(1704-1746),  general:  educated  at  Glasgow ;  joined  Yoong 
Pretender  in  hope  of  advancement,  1746 ;  made  privy 
councillor  to  Prince  Charles,  colonel  of  guards,  and  sub- 
sequently general ;  fought  at  Falkirk,  1746 ;  captured  at 
Cnlloden ;  executed'on  Tower  HilL  [vL  101] 

BOTD,  WILLIAM  (d.  1778X  Irish  presbyterian  di- 
vine; ordained  minister  of  Maoosqoin,  oo.  Derry,  1710; 
carried  comiulssiou  signed  by  many  presbyterians  to 
(^onel  Suitte,  governor  of  New  England,  proposing  emi- 
gration to  that  colony,  1718 ;  signed  Westminster  ooo- 
fessicm,  1731;  elected  moderator  at  Dungannon,  1730; 
one  of  the  divines  who  drew  up  'Serious  Warning,* 
1747 ;  published  religious  works.  [vL  103] 

BOTD,  ZACHARY  (1686?-1668X  Scottish  divine; 
M.A.  St.  Andrews,  1607;  minister  of  Barony  parish, 
Glasgow,  1688;  deosn  of  faculty,  rector,  and  vioe-chan- 
cdlor  of  Glasgow  University ;  published  works  in  verse 
and  prose,  and  left  various  manuscripts.  [vL  103] 

BOTDELL,  JOHN  (1719-1804),  engraver;  studied  at 
St.  Martin's  Lane  academy;  published  small  sets  of 
landscape  engravings  and  views  of  London,  Oxford,  and 
other  towns ;  set  up  as  printseller  and  publisher  <rf  en- 
gravings, e,  1761,  and  rapidly  established  extensive  trade ; 
sheriff  of  London,  1786;  lord  mayor,  1790;  commissioned 
well-known  artists  to  paint  pictures  illustrative  of  Shake- 
speare (engravings  from  which  were  contained  in  an  edi- 
tion of  Shakespeare  published  in  1803)  and  boilt  Shake- 
speare Gallery  in  Pall  Mall  for  their  exhibition  ;  compelled 
by  financial  difficulties  to  dispose  of  his  property  by 
lottery,  but  died  before  lottery  was  drawn.        [vL  104] 


BOTDELL,  JOSIAH  (1763-1817),  painter  and 
graver;  nephew  of  John  Boydell  [q.  v.],  and  partner  and 
successor  in  bis  engraving  business ;  painted  pictures  lor 
the  Shakespeare  Gallery;  exhibited  at  Royal  Academy, 
1773-99 :  master  of  Stationers'  (Company  and  alderman  of 
Cheap  ward.  [vL  106] 

BOTZB,  ABEL  (1667-1739),  misceUaneous  writer; 
bom  in  Upper  Languedoc;  came  to  England,  1689; 
French  teacl^r  to  William,  duke  of  Gloucester ;  publiahed 
yearly  register  of  political  and  other  ooourrenoea,  1708-13, 
and '  Political  State  of  Great  Britain,*  a  monthly  periodicail, 
1711-39.  [vt  107] 

BOTES,  JOHN  FREDERICK  (1811-1879X  daasifial 
scholar:  educated  at  Merchant  Taylors'  School  and  8U 
John's  College,  Oxford ;  M.A. ;  head-master,  Walthamstow 
proprietary  school ;  published  works  relating  to  clawrioal 
and  English  poetry.  [vL  106] 

BOTLE,  CHARLES,  fourth  Earl  of  Orrbrt  and 
first  Baron  Marston  (1676-1 78 IX  antagonist  of  Bcntlcj; 
educated  at  Christ  Church,  Oxford;  edited  epistles  of 
Phalaris,  which  led  to  controversy  with  Richard  Bentl^y 
[q.v.],  and  to  Swift's  *  Battle  of  the  Books';  fooght 
at  Malplaquet ;  major-general,  1709 ;  took  part  in  nego- 
tiations preceding  treaty  of  Utrecht;  privy  oooncillor; 
lord  of  fcMedchamber,  1714-16 :  imprisoned  for  oonnectiQn 
with  Layer's  Jacobite  plot,  1731.  [vi.  109] 

BOTLE,  DAVID,  Lord  Boylr  (1773-1868X  prasi- 
dent  of  session;  called  to  Scottish  bar,  1793;  toUcitor- 
^eneral  for  Scotland,  1807 ;  M.P.  for  Ayrshire,  1807-11 ; 
justiciary  and  lord  justice  clerk,  1811;  privy  oomiciUor, 
1830 ;  lord  justice  general  and  president  of  Scottish  court 
of  session,  c  1840-52.  £rL  109] 


LMUn 

[Yl.  HI] 

cr  (J»60r-l«3S),    In 

OorkiUilCtoTiiUiig]?.  (iL1131 

mOTLK,  JOHN,  Utb  Eiu.  or  Cork,  flftli  EinL  or 
CBumv.uil  aHwDd  Biuox  IiIuiBToxilTu7-I7BIhimhg[; 
■a  Hi  Ctuila  Bajlt  [a.  t.]  -.  eduoud  it  Chiln  Ohanh. 
OilBrd;  D.CXm  Ilia;  FJt^  irui;  friiarl  ot  Bwitl. 
Fopt.  ud  jQh-  —  - "  -   -  ■- 

Tnacer.'  179 1, 


Mm')  OoUeiji,  Oilonl:  U.A^  1041 ;  X>.0.,  ISIl  :  bishop 
•HWaUrloTi  mad  Liimort.  ISIS.  [tL  UK] 

MTLX,  MICHAEL,  thB  vonnga  aBMf-VOt), 
HchUiliap  flf  Armagh,  iwpbnr  ol  UlobH«l  BoyLfl  ( lABO  7- 
>M)  Iq.  T.]  ;  K^A.  TilDllT  Ooltogt.  DubllD  1  iDcorponCed 
U.  Q^Ord,  W»7  :  D.D,  IMJ ;  otapli' —  -  "— 

Dnw^  14U  i  flltonoAllar  of  tnduid,  ikb  .  Btuumauu^ 
olAraMli.  Ull-  [Tl  113] 

3K(d.i;U), 


;   Wihop  of 


■OXLZ,in;R&AaH.TiscolniT  Bi^ 
«<(  Mklucl  B(^la  (1«>»7-11D1>  [q. 
IcaFiiBabi,'  ft  tnggdjr. 

MTLX,  RIOHASD.  flnl  B^iiiL  or  C 


(tL  118] 


coinplrte  fdltian  of 
leiiMstbol  liU  mliunloglnl  odIIpcIIddb  In  tbe  EojiJ 
Mtoni.'  [fLILS] 

BOTLS.  ROGER.  Bard^  Bnoaiiii-L  und  nratEmi. 
itOruiinn(1«ai-10J»),««te.oiBn.ioldler.iuiilrif.miti>i; 
on  o(  Rlchnnl  Boyle,  Owl  «rl  ol  Cmrk  [q.  v.] :  crmWil 


vv  bopeliKP.  and. 


leJtl.  uidfor  Cork  Bud  Bdlnbiirgb,  1 
loid  pfCkldBat  of  oounoU,  to  Scotlud ; 
well't  (vancal ;  DbUlual  comtimid  la  : 

witb  Sir  Chw\m  Coote,  neumd  Inl 
U-F.  for  Arnod*]  in  Oonnntlon  pirLUmcBi :  out  oi  lonu 
jniUofl  otlnlud,  snd  omtid  En\  of  Ornry.  leeu;  Im- 
peached for  rolfl^  mdUBy  by  bid  own  butborltj  from  die 
kiu^'n  iubif?ctA.  but  procndlngB  pf«pped  b^  tbe  kXag"!! 
proroffalngparllfiinait:  bl*  pabllcatlont  Lncliide  t'Trvif 

HHue  of  Mblcb  were  produced  wlUi  enomu.       [H.  im] 

BOTLE.  ROGKU  (161TT-IBSI).  bialiop:  eduo 

1  of  Clogher,  lefs:  wroW  n 


UctHl  Bini*  tfa*  elder  [q- >-]' o™ 
Ua*rii(  OtA,  Clojai,  and  Rou, 


ibUsbedai 


mil  of  Cork  [q.T.] :  knlibted. 


e<_Bklanl  Boyk,  Snl 

UBh,  YOTkatalrc,  II 
'Mou^  4  Torkibln,  uul    cmtoe  rotulorum,  <^   lAU  ;  . 

bui  and  Kar;.  '  [n.  IIB]      | 

lOTLX,  RIOBARI),  tljlid  Bull,  or  BunLiMaTOK  and  i 

leotli  'Etu.  0*  Ooiu  <I«»-irfI^  lUCamu  :    prlTji  I 

•Un.<iiiUi>rotal«iim  of  Sortb  and  Wat  Ridings,  and 
iBd  Ufli  tnuiiRr  of  Ireland,  iril:    K.aO^1730:   h« 


vlpanljr 
MTU,  1 


e.  altering 


I.  BOBBRT(iat7-ieBl).  natural  philo- 
l« :  lOD  of  Hlobaid  Bojla,  nnt  earl  of 
icaHd  M  Eton  and  bj  prtme  tuuni 


Deal  dockj'ati 

BOYS,  JOHN  (1S71-HM>,  di.lD«;  M.A.  Corpus 
Obnsti  ColloiF,  Cambridge :  fellow  ol  Clare  HaU :  masU-r 
of  Eaatbrulge  Hospital :  D.D.,  16UB :  dean  of  Canterbury, 

vrorka, '  Expositions '  ot  tbe  Dominical  epistles  and  Efntpels 
and  ol  tbe  proper  paftlma.  £vi.  1:9) 

BOYI,  JOHN  (Itel-lUt).    [SnBoTB.] 

BOYS,  JOHN  (l«14  7-lsel),  translator  of  Virgil: 
nepbew  of  Bdwanl  Boya  (It9»-1GB7|  [n.  i.] :  prK^iltid  to 
majror  of  Canterbury  declaration  in  favour  uf  tbeaxsein' 
bly  of  a  free  parUanient,  and  uarrou-ty  e-i:Hp(]d  inipriaon- 
men  .  pu     i       terte    ran. »  rom^^|^ 

BOYS,  BIR  JOHN  (I60T-I«e<).  mjrallsl:  faptata  In 
royal  ann^  and  govenior  of  Doiiuington  Cattle,  Berk- 

k»lghl«d.and appolntert colonel, l«44.  impriwjuedfotpeli- 

Donr  onder  Ohariea  II.  (tI.  iwj 


SOTB.    JOHN    {lTiB-IS!l). 


1    ■^rlooltniiit ; 


tatTj :  U.A.  Trinity  Oollega.  Ommbrtdge. 
-■--■Hii  Fml-   ■'-  "••■  --- 


BDSB,  ; 


iDgtlU 


camtMnC  of  Holy  Trinity,  HoKton :  prcrfwor  Df 

■t  MlsaliHurT  OoUcge.  kllDgtou,  ISH  ;  pablkbri  tniuls- 

aoB  of  bible  foio  Poruignose.  [t1.  1(11 

BOTB,TBOUAasUOTTKR(lS0S-lSI4).v>t«'-i»lo<ir 
p*iDt«r  aod  lltbo^npbBT  ^  Btudlerl  pMinlinjr  Id  PariA  ;  ei- 
hlUtcd  Bt  Koyal  Academy  (mm  IHM:  eiecutsL.  Utbo- 
ffrapbed,  uid  eDgrvved  EUuatrmtlQnq  for  avrend  publlo- 
tioni,  Including  Uiukln's  'Stones  of  Venlue.'      [t1.  lU] 

BOTB,  WIU.IAU  (17U-18IU),  tQigeos;  miiyor  of 
Saiidwlcb.  ITST  sod  iisi:  FjB.A.  ifTS:  aiUBeaD  w  sink 

logtal  uid  topngniphjcil  writings.  [v.  lit] 

BOTBX,  JOSEPH  (IMO-lTia).  prabytcriui  miniitcr ; 

-'-■■' — '  -•  Btewnltt  choicli  it  AmalerdBm,  lesti 
iDbUn.  ItS3-1738;  publtabal  coatrannlal 
latthe pmbyteriui  diioanC.       [t1.  iga] 


BBAaSBmiBY,  J09BPH  (lTBa-lMt%  poet:  gra- 
dnated  M  Ooipu  OlnliH  OoUege.  Gimbridge ;  chspUIn  (o 
I  MudTM  eHabBthmmt.  ia» ;  published  poenu.  [tL  IM} 
BBAOKSBBUBT  or  BIAITBIIBUET,  But  ROBERT 
(d.  1MB),  ooutabla  of  the  Towa ;  oppointel  nutter  ud 
!  workar  ot  Dwoeyi  ud  kaner  of  king's  eirliiuift  u  Tower 
of  London,  and  oonatable  tor  life  of  Tower,  I4M ;  Mrred 
!  ataluit  lebeb  headed  by  H<ni7  SUOaid,  Micaad  duke  tt 
BneklBgham  [q.  t.];  ■(•qulra  of  royal  body':  keeper  <tf 


In  Tower,  14M  i  Tlae^dmlral  and  on 

<idnlnlt;.l4»:  knlfbted;  DmHB  of  Keni  UW ;  nfoaed 

to  obey  command  of  Rlcbaid  III  to  make  aw^  with 
prtnoH  Id  Tower  an 


ISnppL  L  M»] 

. [SaeKaniTos.EiBTElOMi*, 

Bret  VncobNT,    IHOf-ieif;    EaxnToM,  Joan,  Kamd 
ViscnosT,  1»T»-1M0.] 

Bft&OTOK.  SBATTOH,  ot  BSETTOX,  EEKRY  M 
(<f.  13S8X  eocleeiutjc  and  judge  ;  jniUoe  Itbierant  kr 
NOWlDghaliiBbtn  ind  Deibyihlni.  IIU,  KorUiomberlaBd, 
ashlre.  UM,  and 


Olaigow  t;nlrenHy  ;  adopted 
writings  Include  'The 


Bwliam,  wid  p< 


perienoBl  gnut  povt 

Deily,'  a  po«m(17H)._ 

Tranaaetlons  of  Birope.  17M-W '  (1147).  [n.  IM] 

BKASAZOa,  ROGER  ui  <d.  1317).  judge:    )iutJ« 

klog't  bmch,  IIW;  prepared  proofaof  legality  of  Bd- 
''aid  Ti  claim  to  BUzsralnty  orei  Suitlu>d.  liai :  jostlce 
Itinerant  io  west  of  Bn^laod,  IWl ;  chief- jualJce,  l»i- 
ISie  :  member  of  Prince  Edward'i  connaU,  1S«7  :  eat  on 
trial  <a  Earl  of  Atholl  and  conilctgd  him,  IKI7  ;  commli- 
aloner  cf  larlDDa  inyal  foreat^  ISUU-IS.  [d.  117] 

BRABAZOX.  Sir  WIU.IAM  (4.  lt53Xtin4  iuilice  of 
Ireland ;  knighted  azid  appoiDlol  lioe-treuuret  and 
gsieral  recelTpr  of  Ireland,  1014  ;  lord  jufltloe  nf  Iralubrt. 
IMl,  1M«,  and  1M> ;  Iriih  priTyooBncUlor,  1. 


Boti^HuaaeiH,  ^w 

SKABOURHB,    THEOPKILUfl    (t.   ISM),  dirhie: 


DAVID  (ITM-l BOS),  non 

bapUet  eongnyatkina  ■□  London,  RamegaCe,  mtmI  Wan- 
cbeats  :  piSiliihed  rellHioDt  workL  [yL  147] 

BEADBEPOB     or     BROSEBXIDax,     WIIXUM 

flK)l-l*7S).  bishop  of   E     -  -  ■     -.  ^  - 


a  IIU 


[H.l«] 


BOIL     WIL 


piebcodaiy  ot  Barum,  10&B  ;  car 
olieeGer,  1H3  ;  dean  of  Eallflbory, 


'DiMiune  iipon  B^b«th  Day,'  m^L 
day  wai  the  Biihl>atb.l6Ig.  and 'Deft 
Hts ;  Imprldoned  and  ultimately  red 


;  pabll> 


I  chiefs  of  bar  ai 


>bath  Day;  j 

M  latufao-  I 

Hon  mine  nign  communoo  oonrt  [tL  11»]      , 

BKADBOIBJJLE,  ANNE  (lse3?-I748X  Ktrcis;  ap- 
peared at  TbHtre  Hoyal.  liHa.  ae  Luda  in  Shadvelt'e 
'Squire  Df  Alsatia';  with  Bmiwton  at  Lhiorin-ii  Inn  I 
Ptekle  Tbeatn  ea  Angelica  in  -  Lore  for  Loye,' 1MB:  created 
aellndn  m  Vanbriigh'i  •  rroiokod  Wife,'  and  Almeria  In 
Cce«iBV='«  'Moaming  Bride,'  18S7 ;  played  Iiabella, 
POrtla,  Dwdeanqna.  Ophelia,  Cordelia,  and  Mrs.  Fold.  In 
Bbaknpearean  adaputiomi  ecllp'>ed  by  Mn<.  OUflold, 
1707,  retiring  (roai  tbe  ilego  In  conjoqucnie.     [rt.  Ill] 

BEAOXOIRIILB, 
College,  Cambridge,  IKS ;  vicar  o(  ttye.  1301-14  :  aatjjot 
of  a  poetlnal  traoilatlon  from  Boethiu-'.  [ri.  143] 

BKACKEH,  HBNRT  (16117-17(4),  pbjiidan  ;  >Hidted 
In  LoodoD.  Fari>i  and  Leydm ;  M.D.  Leyiten ;  mayor  of 
Lancaster,  1717-8.  and  1717-8;  groundleeoly  Imprisoned 
far  abetting  Jacobite  rEbelllon,  1T16  :  pibllihed  works  on 
farrlarj,  [M.  ui] 

BBACKZHBUXT,  CHARLES  BOOTH  (1§31-1RM). 
na]or-gen*ntl ;  lecond  Ueottauuit.  royal  aitlllery,  imo: 
•emd  in  Crimea;  «iptain,  IBU  :  mUltary  oorretpcndenl 
of  tbe-TUnea-  with  Austrian  amy,  18B>,  In  Le  Mans 
campaign.  IgTO-l,  and  TurkUh  war,  1877 ;  colonel.  1W1 : 

temporary  rank  of  major.general,  ISSS  •  wrote  on  mili- 
tary lubJeoU.  [Suppl.  1.  318] 
BKADXEHBirST, 

knlgliled,ie 


Cbicbeetn:  nb- 
itiancellor  of  Cbi- 
blebop  of  Kxeter, 
■•<■-  [vLU7] 

BXASBVRV,  SAlfCBL  <1711-18ISX  meUMdUt 
preacher;  Itinerant  mlnletar,  c  17T3,  and  one  of  Ub 
greatest  preaehers  of  bis  day.  [tI.  1M] 

ROB  Id.  IIM),  )Ddge:  MA  Or- 
>r  at  Middle  Temple,  1M7 ;  one  of 
.  u  Dmuult  with  p«n  on  poUtlod 

BRABBUaX.  HENRY  (IMl-lSaO),  writer  co  priat- 
g ;  studied  nature-printing  In  Tlenne.  [t1.  lu] 

BBADB1IBY,  THOMAS  <IB77-]7BIIX  congrcgatlfiBal 

many  ^IrU^  were  politleaL  [vL  iBu] 

B&ABUOOK,  BDWABD  <l«»S-l7H),niaior-geBeTaI; 

ensign,  1710  ;  opUln  sjtd  lliHit«Duit-calaKi,  gi — "- 


[Ti-IMJ 
JOHN  (ltBB-171«X  dirine:  U,A.  St. 
Catbarlne'*  Hall,  OamMidge,  1B7«;  ohaplaui  to  Blabop 
of  Exeter,  1707  ;  mailer  of  Baitbrldce  HnapitaU  Kent. 
170B.  [tL  IBiJ 

BRASIIOX,  LAURENCE  (d.  1714),  politida  "  ' 

to  bar  at  Middle  Temple;  Impri    -  '     ' 


tbal'Fsrf  of 


(wbn  died  ti 


[D(178B-1«B4X  Ilea-  I 
Idi  army,  IHIl-K  ■  ! 

at.         [tL  141]     I 


oOlce.  IBgB;  pabbabed  Horks  lelating  to  Eesei'i  ituOi, 

BEASE,  JAMES  (17M!-1R40).  [Set  BsitD.] 
BEABE.  WILLIAM  (Jt.  IBIiX  Bngllah  miBtclaB; 
TlDlbilit  to  Duke  of  Holstein-Qottorp  and  to  town  i^ 
Hamburg ;  cepellnwiter  to  marsravt  of  Braalenbnrs, 
IBIB ;  parbapi  died  at  Frankfurt,  LttJ :  pnbUabed  mmiiBl 
eompoaiUeiH.  [Tl.  IM]  . 


135 


I 
HBNRY   JOSBPH   STEBLB   (1806-  I 
Ittf),  iiuijcuu  aod  author;  stipendiary   magistrate  in  ' 
TobMTOi,  1835.  and  Trintdad,  1836 ;  colonial  secretary  in 
1643  :  dinnissed :  published  poetical  and  other  ' 

[▼i.  166] 


BEASVOBD.  first  Earl  ok  (1619-1708).    [See  Nkw-  ' 
po«T,Vmascis.] 

BXASFOSD,  BARoxi«  up.  [See  Nkwport,  RirHARP, 
lint  Babox,  1587-1G51 ;  Kbia'port,  Frantm,  second 
Babps,  1619-17U8.] 

BRASFOXI),  JOHN  (UlO  ?-l555)^  protestaut  martyr : 
fftodied  at  Inner  TMnple,  1M7 ;  entered  St.  Catli|iriue's  ; 
Ban.  Oambiidge,  1M8 :  U.Jl^  1M9 :  fellow  of  Pembroke 
HaU;  cikaplain  to  BlsIm^  Ridley:  prebendary  of  St. 
PiMilX  IMl :  one  of  king's  chaplidns  in  onliuary :  im- 
priaooed  on  change  trf  preaching  seditious  sermons*  15ft3-ft ; 
condenuicd  ami  burnt  at  Smithfleld ;  wrote  sermons  antl 
other  reUgioos  works  ami  translations.  [vi.  157] 

BBASFOBD.  JOHN  (</.  1780%  Welsh  poet,  presideil  In 
tanlie  chair  of  Qlamorgan,  1750.  [vi.  159] 

BBADFOBO,  JOHN  (176a-]805X  dissenting  minister ; 
BJL.  Wfldham   Ccdlege,   Oxford;   curate   at   Frelsham,  , 
Boicihire ;  joined  Countess  of  Huntingdon's  connexion : 
preaebed  at  City  Chapel.  Grub  Street,  London,  1797-1805 ;  ; 
piMished  religiooa  works.  [vi.  160] 

BBADrOBO,  SA  MITEL  (1653-17SU  bishop  of 
Boebaater ;  edncateil  at  St.  Paul's  School,  Charterhouse, 
od  Oorpas  Chriatl  College,  Cambridge :  M.A.,  1680 ;  D.D., 
ITOi ;  incorporated  M.A.  Oxford,  1697  :  rector  of  St.  j 
liary-te-Bow,  1683 :  chaplain  in  ordinary  to  WiUiam  III, 
168S:  prebendary  of  Westminster.  1708 :  Boyle  lecturer, 
109;  master  of  Corpus  Chriatl  College,  1716-34;  bishop 
d  Carhale,  1718 ;  bishop  of  Boclwster  and  dean  of  West- 
oinstcr,  1733  :  dean  of  onler  of  Bath,  1785.        [vi.  160] 

BBABFOBD.  Sm  THOMAS  (1777-1853),  general: 
oiMgn,  1793;  aaaistant  adjutant-general  in  Scotlan<l, 
1801:  terrerl  in  Peninsula,  1808;  colonel,  1810;  com- 
Basded  PortugTiese  division  at  Vittotia ;  held  oomniand 
in  France,  1815-17,  and  in  Scotland,  1819-25  ;  commander- 
ia-chkf  at  Bomb«y,  1825-9  :  G.CBn  1838 :  general,  1841. 

[vi.  161] 

IXABFOBD  WILLIAM  ( 1590-1667%  second  governor 
of  Plymouti),  New  England  ;  j<Hned  Brownists,  1606,  and 
foUowed  thaa  to  Amsterdam,  1607;  accompanied  the 
oommnntty  to  Leyden,  1609,  and,  in  the  Mayflower,  to 
nyoBOOth,  New  JESngland,  1630;  sucoeeded  Carver  as 
porernor  ot  PlyoMMith,  1631.  an<l  was  re-elected  every  year 
(vith  exception  of  two  intervals  of  three  years  and  two 
para  req)ecttvely  at  his  own  request) ;  joint  author  of  '  A 
Diary  of  Qceurrcncee,'  1638,  leaving  In  manuscript  a 
'  Hktory  ai  the  Plymouth  Plantation  *  (pnblisheii  1856). 

[vl.  161] 

BBAOFOBD,  WILLIAM  (166^1752).  first  printer  in 
Piauksylvania :  accompanied  William  I'enn  on  liis  first 
voyage  to  Pennsylvania,  1688 ;  establi.shi'«l  first  A  iiimcan 
papn-  mill,  near  Philarlelphla,  1686  :  nppointt^l  roynl 
priBter  for  New  York  and  New  Jerse>':  projetrte*!  first 
book  printed  in  America,  1688 :  began  publication  of 
'Sew  York  Gazette,*  the  first  New  York  newspaper, 
1731.  [vi.  164] 

BEABXGK.  WALTER  (I70G-1794),  mcrclmnt  at 
lisboB ;  pabUabed  poetical  and  other  writings,  [vi.  165] 

BBABLAVOH,  CHARLES  (183S-1891),  frecthought 

advocate  and  ptditiciaii ;  private  soldier  in  army,  1860-3  ; 

derk  in  aoUcitor's  office  in  London,  1853 ;  enterud  into 

frMtbooebt   and    radical   propaganda    under    name   of 

*  loQoodast ' ;  proprietor  of  *  National  Reformer  *  from 

1863 ;  member  of    parliamentary  reform  league,    1866 ; 

dnted  M J*,  for  Northampton,  1880 :  was  refused  right  to 

affiras  instea*!  of  swearing  ou  bible :  unseated :  re-electeil, 

1881,  and  was  ejected  from  house  by  force; ;  expelled,  18R2  ; 

TC^tiected,  1882,  and  exclndeil,  1883 :  re-elected,  1884,  ex- 

doded.  1885 :  again  dected,  1886,  and  allowed  to  take  his 

<eat,  1886.  remaining  M.P.  for  Northampton  till  death. 

He  engagvl  in  several  lawsuits  to  maintain  freedom  of 

preia,  piririished  pamphleta,  and  from  1874  to  1885  was 

MDdated  with  Mra.  Besant's  work.  [Snppl.  L  248] 


'.  CHARLES  (1789-1871),  preacher:  oiu- 
at  SlL  Edmund  Hall,  Oxford :  vicar  of  Glasbury, 
SrataiQcksbire,  1825-71 :  incumbent  of  St.  James's  Chapel, 
Cbpham,  1839-53  ;  pabliahed  sermons.  [vi.  165] 


BBAOLET,  EDWARD  (1837-1889).  author  of '  YenUnt 
Green ' :  B.A.  University  Oolkve,  Durham,  1848 :  liceutiate 
in  theology,  1849 ;  rector  of  Stretton,  Rutland.  1871 : 
publisheil  *  Adventures  of  Mr.  Verdaut  Green,  an  Oxford 
Freshman,'  1853-6 ;  vicar  of  Lentoo  with  Hanby,  1883  ; 
contributed  extensively  (as  E.  B.  or  'Cuthbert  Bede*)to 
periodicals,  and  published  works  in  verse  and  prose,  some 
illustrated  by  himself.  [Suppl.  i.  250] 

BBADLEY,  GEORGE  (1816-18C8),  alitor  of  'New- 
castle Guardian,*  1848  ;  publislied  system  of  shorthand. 

[vi.  166] 

BBABLBY,  JAMES  ( 1693- 1 762  X  divine  and  as- 
tronomer :  M.A.  Balliol  College,  OxfonL,  1717 ;  made 
observations  on  Jovian  syfetem  nud  had  his  'Corrected 
Tables'  printed  in  Hnlley's  'Planetary  Tables,'  1719: 
F.R.S..  1718 ;  presented  to  vicarage  of  Bridf^tow,  1719 : 
chaplain  to  bishop  of  Hereford  :  elected  Savilian  professor 
of  astronomy  at  Oxford,  and  resigned  prefermenta,  1721  ; 
announced  discovery  of  '  nherration  of  light '  in  paper 
rend  to  Royal  Society,  1729:  lecturer  on  experimental 
philosophy  at  Oxfonl,  1729-60;  astronomer-royal,  and 
D.D.  by  diploma,  Oxfonl,  1742 :  publishai  discovery  of 
nutation  of  earth's  axis  in  paper  read  to  Royal  Society, 
1748,  and  was  awardei  Copley  medal :  member  of  council 
of  Royal  Society,  1752-63.  His  observations  were  pub- 
lished in  two  volumes  (1798  and  1805X  [vi.  166] 

BBABLET.  RALPH  (1717-1788),  hiwyer :  called  to 
bar  at  Gray's  Inn :  conveyancing  barrister  at  Stockton- 
on-Tees  :  published  works  on  conveyancing.       [vi.  171] 

BBAOLET,  RICHARD  (</.  1733),  botanist;  F.R.S., 
1730  ;  appointed  professor  of  botany  at  Cambridge,  1724 : 
lectured  on  *  Materia  Medica,'  1729 :  publisbel  horti- 
cultural works.  [vi.  173] 

BBAOLET,  THOMAS  (1597-1670),  divine:  B.A. 
Exeter  College,  Oxford,  1620 ;  accompanied  Buckingham 
to  Isle  of  Rh^  and  Rochdie  as  chaplain,  1627  ;  chaplain  to 
Charles  1, 1688 ;  D.D.  Oxford,  1642  ;  temporarily  deprived 
of  his  livings  In  Yorkshire  by  parliamentary  committee ; 
prebendary  of  York,  1666 ;  pnblislied  sermons.    [vL  172] 

BBAOLET,  THOMAS  (1751-181SX  physician ;  M.D. 
Edinburgh,  and  L.C.P.,  1791 :  physician  to  Westminster 
Hospital,  1794-1811 :  published  revised  edition  of  Fox's 
'  Medical  Dictionary,'  1803.  [vi.  178] 

BBAOLET,  WILLIAM  (1801-1857),  portrait  painter ; 
exhibited  at  Royal  Academy-  and  other  institutions 
between  1823  and  1846.  [vi.  173] 

BBAOOOK,  THOMAS  (Jl.  1576-1604%  translator: 
M.A.  Christ's  College,  Cambridge,  1680  ;  incorporated 
M.A.  Oxford,  1584 ;  head-master.  Heading  grammar 
school,  1588  ;  translated  into  Latin  Jewell's  confutation 
of  Harding's  attack  on  Jewell's  '  Apologia.'       [vi.  173] 

BBAOBHAIOH,  RICHARD  (lGOl-1669).  [See 
Barton.] 

BBAOBHAW,  ANN  MARIA  (1H01-1862),  nctrosM  and 
vocalift:  n^^'Tree:  appeareil,  after  1819,  as  Ariel,  Viola, 
Imogen,  Julia  ('Two  Gentlemen  of  Verona'),  Ophelia, 
and  Rosalind  at  Covent  Oanlen  :  retired,  1825.  [vi.  171] 

BBAOBHAW,  GEORGE  (]H4)i-1853),  originator  of 
railway  guides  ;  engraver  and  printer  at  Belfaiit  and 
i^fterwanls  at  Manchester ;  first  produced,  1839, '  Railway 

,  Time  Tables,' which  developed  into  '  IJrwlKhaw'j}  Monthly 
Railway  Guide '  (fir«t  pui>Iished  1841):  associate  of  Tn- 

:  stitution  of  Civil  Engineern,  1843.  [vi.  174] 

I  BBAOBHAW,  HENRY  {d.  151 3X  Benedictine  monk 
!  of  Chester:  studied  theology  at  Gloucester  College, 
>  Oxford.  Wrote  *De  Antiquitate  et  .Maguificentia  Urbis 
'  CestrisB'  and  'Chronicon  and  a  Life  of  St.  Werburgh' 
!  in  English  verse  (published  1521).  [vL  175] 

!  BBAOBHAW,  HENRY  (d.  1661),  padiameutarian ; 
ekler  brother  of  John  Bradiiliaw  (1602-1659)  [<].  v.]  ;  served 
in  parliamentary  army  :  sat  on  court-martial  which  tried 
Earl  of  Derby  and  other  royaliht^  at  Cli&iter,  1652  :  im- 
prisoned for  thi4  act,  1660-1 ;  panioned,  1661.    [vL  181] 

BBAOBHAW.  HENUY  (1831-1886),  scholar,  anti- 
quary, and  librarian ;  educated  at  Eton  and  King's 
(;ollege,  Cambridge  :  fellow,  1853 ;  BiA.,  1854 :  assistant  in 
Cambridge  University  Library,  1866-8;  appointed  to 
supervise  and  arrange  manuscripts  and  early  printed 
books  at   Cambridge,  1859:    took   prominent    part  in 


BBADSHAW 


136 


BBAHAM 


expoving  pretenoeii  of  forger  Simonides,  1863 :  librarian 
of  the  onlverBity,  1867-86 :  pablisbed  treatises  on  typo- 
graphioid  and  antiquarian  sabjeots,  some  contabaing 
ori^al  disooveries.  The  *  Henry  Brad^haw  Society/ 
for  editing  rare  litargical  texts,  was  founded  in  hit 
memory,  1890.  [SnppL  L  251] 

BRAOBHAW,  JAMES  (16S6  ?-1702),  nonconformist 
divine:  educated  at  Corpus  Ohristi  College,  Oxford: 
ordained  minister  of  Hlndley,  Lancashire  :  concerned  in 
Sir  Oeorge  Booth's  royalist  rising ;  ejected,  1669 :  minis- 
ter at  Ratnford  chapel,  Proscot,  1672;  published  re- 
ligious works.  [vL  176] 

BSAD8HAW,  JAMBS  (1717-1746),  Jacobite  rebel; 
merchant  in  Manchester ;  joined  cause  of  Young  Preten- 
der, 1746 :  captured  at  Oulloden  and  subsequently  exe- 
cuted. [vL  176] 

BEAD8HAW,  JOHN  (1576-1618).    [See  Whitb.] 

BRASSHAW,  JOHN  (1602-1659),  regicide ;  called  to 
bar  at  Oray's  Inn,  1 627 :  judge  of  sheriffs'  court,  in 
London.  1643 ;  chief- justice  of  Chester  and  judge  in 
Wales,  1647 ;  serjeant-at-law,  1648  ;  lord  president  of 
parliamentary  commission  for  trial  of  Charles  I,  1649 ; 
presided  at  Charles's  trial  and  pronounced  sentence,  and 
subsequently  at  trials  of  leading  royalists ;  president  of 
council  of  state,  1649-52;  attorney-general  of  Cheshire 
and  North  Wales,  1649 ;  chancellor  of  duchy  of  Lan- 
caster, 1649-53 ;  opposed  Cromwell's  gradual  assumption 
of  arbitrary  power,  and  temporarily  retired  from  political 
life ;  member  of  council  of  state  and  commissioner  of 
great  seal,  1659 ;  buried  in  Westminster  Abbey.  In  1660 
Bradshaw,  Cromwell,  Ireton,  and  Pride,  though  dead, 
were  attainted,  and  thdr  bodies  exhumed,  hanged,  and 
reburied  at  Tyburn.  [vi.  176] 

BBADSHAW.  JOHN  {JL  1679X  poliUcal  writer; 
ccmdemned  to  death  for  violence  at  Corpus  Christl 
(College,  Oxford,  but  pardoned;  subsequently  turned 
quaker  and,  later,  papist  [vU  181] 

BBADSHAW,  LUCRETIA  (/.  1714),  actreRS ; 
married  Martin  FoUces  [q.  ▼.],  1714  ;  played  Sylvia  in  the 
'  Double  Dealer.'  [xlx.  362] 

BBADSHAW,  RICHARD  (/.  1650X  parliamentarian ; 
quartermaster-general  under  Sir  William  Brereton 
[q.  v.]  in  civil  war ;  employed  by  parliament  on  diplo- 
matic missions,  1650-9 ;  eommlssloner  of  navy,  1660. 

[vl.  181] 

BBADSHAW,  THOMAS  (A  1^91),  poet;  M.A. 
Oxford,  1549 ;  published  *  The  Shepherd's  Starre,'  1591,  a 
Theocritean  paraphrase  in  prose  and  verse.       [vi.  182] 

BBADSHAW,  WILLIAM  (1571-1618),  puriUn  di- 
vine ;  M.A.  Emmanuel  College,  Cambridge :  came  under 
Influence  of  Thomas  Cartwrlght  [q.  v.] ;  fellow  of  Sidney 
Sussex  (Allege,  Cambridge,  1699 ;  lecturer  at  Chatham, 
1601,  but  suspended  for  heretical  teaching:  lecturer  at 
Clu-ist  Church,  Newgate,  c  1605  ;  published  *  English 
Pnritanisme,'  1606,  basing  a  scheme  of  church  polity  on 
complete  autonomy  of  Individual  congregations,  while 
advocating  strongly  duty  of  submission  to  civil  authority. 

[vL182] 

BBADSHAW,  WILLIAM  (/.  1700),  hack  writer, 
employed  by  the  eccentric  bookseller  Jolm  Dunton,  whom 
he  robbed.  [vi.  185] 

BBADSHAW,  WILLIAM  (1671-1732),  bishop  of 
Bristol ;  M.A.  New  (College,  Oxford,  1700 :  prebendary  of 
Canterbury,  1717 ;  D.D.,  1723 ;  dean  of  Christ  Church, 
Oxford,  and  bishop  of  Bristol,  1724.  [vi.  185] 

BBADSHAWE,  NICHOLAS  (/.  1635X  author  of 
*  Canticvm  Bvangellcvm  Sunmuun  Sacri  Evangelll  con- 
tlnens,*  1635.  [yl.  186] 

BRADSTBEBT,  ANNE  (1612-1672),  poetess:  nie 
Dudley:  settled  at  Charlestown,  New  England,  1630, 
at  Ipswich,  1634,  and  Merrimao,  1638 :  published  *  The 
Tenth  Muse '  (1650),  and  left  hi  manuscript  *  Medita- 
tions.' [vi,  186] 

BBADSTBEBT,  DUDLEY  (1711-1763),  adventurer: 
employed  as  spy  by  govemmeut  officials  and  the  Dukes  of 
Newcastle  ana  Cumberland  during  Jacobite  rising,  1745  ; 
wrote  an  acting  play  entitled  the  *  Magician,  or  Bottle 
Conjurer,'  printed  with  his  •  Life '  (17M>  [vt  187] 


ROBERT  (1766-18S6),  poet ;  M.A. 
St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  1789;  published  *Tbe 
Sabine  Farm,'  a  poem,  1810.  [vi.  187] 

BBADSTBBET,  Sir  SAMUEL  (1735? -1791), 
baronet;  called  to  Irish  bar,  1758;  recorder  of  Dublin, 
1766 :  M.P.  for  city  of  Dublin  in  Irish  parliament,  1776 
and  1783  ;  judge,  1784  ;  commissl(mer  of  great  seal,  1788. 

Cvi.188] 

BBADWARDnrZ,  THOMAS  (1S90?-1849X  arch- 
biithop  of  Canterbury;  educated  at  Merton  (Mkige, 
Oxfonl;  univenlty  proctor,  1325;  expanded  his  lectarai 
on  theology  into  a  treatise  which  earned  for  him  the  title  <tf 
Doctor  Profundus ;  chaplain  to  Richard  of  Bury,  bishop 
of  Durham,  1335 ;  chancellor  and  prebendary  of  St  PanlV, 
1337;  prebendary  of  Lincoln;  royal  chaplain  and  ood- 
fensor,  1888  ;  one  of  commissioners  to  treat  of  peaoe  with 
King  Philip  after  battles  of  Crawy  and  Neville's  Oroes ; 
consecrated  archbishop  of  Canterbury  at  Avignon,  1349 ; 
wrote  religious  treatises.  [vL  188] 

BBADT,  Sir  ANTONIO  (1811-1881),  admiralty 
official ;  second-class  clerk  in  accountant-goieral's  office, 
Somerset  House,  1844;  r^istrar  of  contracts,  1864  ;  first 
superintendent  of  admiralty  new  contract  department, 
1869-70;  knighted,  1870;  devoted  himself  to  social, 
educational,  and  religious  reforms.  [vL  190] 

BBADT,  HENRY  BOWMAN  (1835-1891X  nataral- 
Ist  and  pharmacist ;  carried  (m  business  as  pharmaoeatiool 
chemist  at  Newcastle,  1855-76  ;  on  council  of  pharmacecK 
tical  Sodety :  F.L.S.,  1859-87 ;  F.R.S.,  1874 ;  hononuy 
LL.D.  Aberdeen,  1888 ;  published  *  Report  oa  Foro- 
mlnlfera,  collected  by  H.M.a  Challenger,'  1884,  and  other 
works.  [Suppl.  i.  254] 

BBADT,  HUGH  (</.  1584).  Irish  bishop ;  bishop  of 
Meath  and  Irish  ^vy  councillor,  1563  :  blbhop  of  united 
see  of  Meath  and  Clonmacnoise  from  1568.  [SnppL  i.  254] 

BBADT,  JOHN  (d.  18UX  clerk  in  victualling  office ; 
published  *  Clavls  Calendaria,'  1812.  [vi.  191] 

BBADT,  SIR  MAZIERE  0796-1871X  Irish  lawyer: 
M.A.  Trinity  CoUege,  DnbUn,  1819 :  caUed  to  Irish  bar, 
1819 ;  solicitor-general  for  Ireland,  1887 ;  attorney-general, 
1839 ;  chief  baron  of  exchequer,  1840 ;  judge  of  Irish  court 
of  chancery,  1846 ;  lord  chancellor  hi  Ireland,  1847-52, 
1853-8  and  1859-66 ;  first  vice-chancellor  of  ttie  (^ueoi's 
University,  1850 ;  created  baronet  1869.  [  vi.  191] 

BBADT,  NICHOLAS  (1659-1726X  divine  and  poet; 
educated  at  Westminster  and  Christ  Church,  Oxfbrdi; 
B.A.,  1682  :  B.A.  Dublin,  1685 ;  M.A.,  1686 ;  D.D.,  1699  ; 
prebendary  of  Cork,  1688;  upheld  cause  of  Prince  of 
Orange  dnring*revolution;  held  living  of  Richmond,  Snrr^, 
1696-1726,  rectory  of  Stratfbrd-on-Avon,  1702-5,  and 
rectory  of  Clapham,  1705-6;  chaplain  to  William  IIL 
Mary,  and  Anne,  and  to  Dnb9  of  ()rmonde*s  regiment  of 
horse:  wrote,  with  Nahum  Tate,  metrical  version  of 
Psalms.  [vL  192] 

BBADT,  ROBERT  Cd.  1700),  historian  and  physician ; 
M.D.  and  master  of  Oaius  College,  Cambridge,  1660; 
F.C.P.,  1680:  physician  in  ordinary  to  Charles  II  and 
James  II ;  regius  professor  of  physio  at  Cambridge ;  M.P. 
for  the  university,  1681  and  1685 ;  published  works  oo 
English  history.  [vL  193] 

BBADT,  THOMAS  (1752  7-1827),  general;  major- 
general,  1796,  and  lieutenant-general,  1801,  in  Austrian 
service ;  governor  of  Dalmatla,  1804  ;  privy  councillor, 
1807 ;  general,  1809.  [vi.  193] 

BBAOO,  PHILIP  id.  1759),  lientenant-genena ; 
served  in  Marlborough's  campaigns ;  captedn  in  Ireland, 
1713;  master  of  Royal  Hospital,  Kllmainbam,  1732; 
lieutenant-general,  1747 ;  M.P.  for  Armagh.      [vL  194] 

BBAOOE,  WILLIAM  (1823-1884),  engineer  and 
antiquary :  engineer  on  railway  from  Chester  to  Holy- 
head :  engaged  in  railway  engineering  in  Brazil ;  ma- 
naging director  of  firm  of  Sir  John  Brown  A;  Co., 
Sheffidd,  1858-72 ;  developed  organisation  for  mann- 
facture  of  watches  by  machinery  at  Birmingham,  1876 ; 
collected  books  and  curios ;  F.S.A. ;  F.RG.8.     [tL  194] 


[,  FRANCES  ELIZABETH  ANNE,  after- 
wards  (^umtsss  Waldboravb  (1821-1879).  j^ee 
Waldkorayb.] 


T  (JL  1(61),  ell  tor 
WuTB   tKtvliU  Qrwinaa  as 
Trvws'CUM).  [vi.l9J] 
B,  JAU^  (IMS' 


BBNJAUDi    (Iin-lMt).    J 

— '-■-'^'d  fc  wk  CB  '  Simla 

JDWDOD,  JAUBS  (leoO-lMl).  «ipertnt«Dil«i 
u  ar»^hritf«d4;  batuer,  uKl  atterwonla  ii 
xt  of  Br«-cni<iTKfl  In  l^tnbnnrb ;  ■upeTlDt«zi 
lOD  flT»«i^c  catKbliihtJwnt,  IS83;  killml 
r  ImVa  Bndin  ^  DnblUbDil  DUDDhlM  relicti 
[.1.11 


lUIUFOKS,  JOHN.  Ibe  rider  (Jl.  1711-1739). 
IMlal  villa:  M.A,  61.  Jahn't  CoUegB,  Cunbrldge, 
ini.mtgritfEiTbT.KoUlUKbiimablrc  [tLSOO] 

lUnsroKI.  JGHX,  tb«  yoangcr  (d.  177B),  dliliiE ; 
KX  imiiuixl  OoUcge,  OBmCiriAe>e,  17M  ;  beta-aoMet 
'biEKlBtA.Kiniiliighiim.  ir«e-Tl.  [vl.  IDD] 

■UITHWAITB,  lOaS  (/.  l««0).quka :  followir  of 
liiaiEFoi.irritillgiliauppartafhisdactriaA.  [li-lOO] 

lUITaWAtTB,  JOHN   (I7W!-17M?X   UjiUiriBn : 

■Ol.  Ids.    In  izmj:  pnbUilnd  'HiiUry  ■>(   Mar<>ci»; 

iw-s'(irii).  [vi.aui] 


Hkldle  Temple,  lUB:  Hijeut-it- 

--*  -' plciw,  Wblleclimpel. 

[H.IM3 

I       BRAKSTOX.  JAKES  (le** r-lIU),  poet:  edanted 
I  at  WBtmiMlH  lod  CbriB  Churth,  Oifort ;  MA.,  17IU ; 

17)9,  U1.1  -  Man  of  tXne.'  aiid  Mber  poema.       [t1.  1U7] 

BBAKBTOS,  JAUBR  YORKB  (17ei-lSM),  catliollc 
bishops  eaacated  al  Trluitj- Colleiie.  CuDhridKe  ;  itudled 
at  Lincoln''  Inn;  tbt^olopcal  itiiilinit  at  Bn^lLih  nilleire. 
LlibDD.  17ai:  esfagol  In  miHianarj  wurk  Bt  LlibOD  : 
entriuted  witb  oatholls  miHlon  In  0L  Oeorjp'i-iii-tlify 

FoynteTi  IBIS;  Ttcar^apoatoUc.  1937:  bbibc^  of   UauLie 
M  parllbui  bifldrliMia,  im.  [t1.  307] 

BRAMBTOn,  Sib  JOH.V.thE  elder  (t[77'lSM),|i)llga: 
edacslal  at  Jeaui  Collage. Cambridge:  >tiidied  at  HahUe 
'Temple:  reader.  1B)3:  csoDwl  u>  CuB bridge  UotTcnlt;, 
I  1107:  arrieint'al-law.ieiS:  quteii'i lerimit. IB3S :  UncV 
scrJHLnt.  ia84;  cbief-justln  of  king's  bench.  1636;  prv- 
alded  temporarily  \ry  Hotue  of  LordA.  1040;  ImpeBcbHi  by 


;   JOCKLIN   UE   c*.  1100).      [Sw 
I  106SPB  (lTia-1811), 

ih'bydr»oliopreB,lJ9B.    [>i.  SU2] 

(1694-1M3),     arclibialiop    ol 

iimfb :  M,A  SUner  Sivei  College,  Cambridge,  iai« 
BJLJUVl  ni)>deui  rf  Hlpon:  chafililn  to  Wentworrt 
ia  bdanl.  I«at :  biibop  ol  Derr?, 


u  Collide.  O 


184J.  h»Tinj  been  i 
BBAXSTOX.  I 

Middle  Temple,   1«3I ; 

autoblograpbf  (publilbed  IMS). 

SEAXWXLl,    »EORQS    1VI 
BimiNflBUMHELLClBCg-lBSJ).  jni 

Fitiror  Kelli  [q.  ».]  ;  eallHl  to 
l«as:    jolnsl  borne  circuit;  Q.O. 
reealting  In  Compacln 
icbeqDet  anil  knlglite 


Dbelnufard;  left 

[IT.  310] 
1     WILSHBHR. 
t  inner  Timple. 
BGl) ;  ippolnlad 


BXAKCABTRE  D    __ _  ,_, 

191H).  clerk  In  eichequet:  Ticarol  Braoeaiter.  Norfolk ; 
prebeiHlBry  ol  Lincoln,  ItOB.  [tL  «UJ 

BRAFOH,  THOMAS  (Jl.  1711).  aDllioT  of  'Tboughu 
on  Ilrwinlng'(17SB)uul'FnnelplaIe«iae(,^uiUtli- 
(1713).  [rt.  Ill] 

HAS  (lgS3-1B7e), 

r   CoUtg^   Oiiord,    1$**; 

, ™uir  ol  TllBlon.  near  Sfalp«, 


,  Tbomaa  Brand,  tiventy-nnt  lord  Dacie ;  uroM 
droin&fl,  tranaUtiona.  and  pOeinA.  [el,  313] 

BSAira.  HANNAH  (if.  1831),  actress  and  dnnnaUn : 
KhoolmtstroM  at  Korwlcli ;  appeared  at  King's  Theatre, 
Hajmarket,  En  bar  own  tragrdy  of  'Hunlades,'  1793; 

Kytd  Lady  Tosuly  In  'Provoked  Huibud'  tt  York 
litre,    1781:    acaln    beeuw    goTersna;   pnbUabed 
■OnmattcaDdpoetJo*]  Worki,'17M.  (tLIII] 


BRAND 


188 


BRANTHWAITB 


BBAITD,  S»  HENRY  BOUVEBIE  WILLIAM,  first 
Viscount  Hampdkn  and  twenty-third  Baron  Dacrr 
(I814>1892X  speaker :  educated  at  Eton ;  private  secretary 
to  Sir  George  Grey  [q.  v.],  1846  :  liberal  M.P.  for  Lewes, 
1862«  1857, 1869,  and  1865,  and  for  Cambridgeshire,  1868- 
1884:  parliamentary  secretary  to  treasury,  1859-66: 
speaker  of  House  of  Oommona,  187S-84 :  G.C.B..  18H1 : 
oroated  Visooont  Hampden  of  Glynde,  1884 ;  succeeded  to 
title  of  Daore,  1890.  [Snppl.  i.  357] 

BSAKD,  Sir  JOHANNES  HENRrOUS  (Jan  Hen- 
drik)  (1828-1888),  president  of  tlie  Orange  Free  State  : 
bom  at  Oape  Town ;  educated  at  South  African  College, 
Cape  Tbvtm,  and  Leyden :  LL.D.  Lejrden,  1845  ;  called  to 
bur  at  Inner  Temple,  1849 ;  practii«ed  in  supreme  court  of 
C^pe  Colony :  member  for  Cnanwiliiam  in  first  House  of 
Assembly,  1854  ;  professor  of  law.  South  African  College, 
1858;  elected  president  of  Orange  Free  State,  1863;  en- 
gaged in  war  with  Basutos,  1865-6  and  1867  ;  re-elected 
president,  1869, 1874,  and  1879;  remained  neutral  during 
Transvaal  war,  1881 ;  G.C.M.G.,  1886 :  resigned,  1887,  in 
consequence  of  vote  of  censure  of  Raad  on  his  negotia- 
tions with  Presidoit  Kruger  of  Transvaal,  who  nnsuc- 
oeasfnUy  sought  his  alliance  against  British  on  railway 
question ;  withdrew  resignation.  [SuppL  i.  358] 

BBAKS.  JOHN  (16687-1738),  Scottish  minister: 
H.A.  Edinburgh,  1688 ;  minbter  of  Borrowstoune^s,  Lin- 
lithgowshire, 1695;  journeyed  to  Orkney,  1701,  and  pub- 
lished '  A  Brief  Description  of  Orkney.'  [vL  313] 

BSAKD,  JOHN  (1744-1806),  antiquary :  apprenticed 
as  cordwainer  at  Newcastle,  1758  :  B.A.  Lincoln  College, 
Oxford,  1775:  received  perpetual  curacy  of  Cramlliu^n, 
near  Newcastle,  1774;  F.S.A.,  1777 ;  rector  of  St,  'tiary- 
at-Hill  and  St.  Mary  Hubbard,  London,  1784 ;  resident 
secretary  to  Society  of  Antiquaries,  1784-1806 ;  published 
*  History  of  NewcasUe-upon-Tyne'  and  other  works,  leav- 
ing in  manuscript  antiquarian  collections.         [vL  313] 

BBJJTD,  JOHN  (d.  1808),  divine ;  M.A.  Caius  Col- 
lege, Cambridge,  1772 ;  rector  of  St.  Gt^orgo's,  South- 
wwrk,  1797-1808:  published  in  tory  interest  pamphlets 
on  politics  and  pOlitioal  economy.  [vi.  214] 


r,  THOMAS  (1685-1691),  nonconformist 
divine ;  educated  at  Merton  College,  Oxford ;  <^tudied  law 
at  the  Temple ;  ordained  minister  of  Staplehinvt,  whence 
he  was  driven  by  pera<Hnxtion.  He  built  many  meeting- 
houses, and  devoted  large  sums  to  charitable  purposes. 

[vi,  216] 
BBANSAED,     ROBERT     (1806-1862),     engraver; 
studied  imder  Edward  (loodall ;  cxUbited  oil  and  water- 
oolonr  paintings  between  1831  and  1858.  [vL  216] 

BRAITDE,  WILLIAM  THOMAS  (1788-1866),  oh«- 
mlst ;  apprenticed  as  apothecary ;  delivereil  lectures  in 
London  on  physics,  chemistry,  and  materia  med*ca,  1808 : 
F.R.S.,  1809 ;  professor  of  chemistry,  1812,  antl,  later,  of 
materia  medica,  to  Apothecaries'  Company:  succeeded 
Sir  Humphry  Davy  an  professor  of  chemistry  at  Royal 
Institution,  1813 ;  cliief  ofBoer  of  coinage  department  of 
mint,  1854 ;  jolnt-«ilitor  of  *  Quarterly  Journal  of  Science 
and  Art,'  1826 :  one  of  secretaries  c»f  Royal  Society,  1816- 
1886  ;  fellow  and  member  of  Senate  of  London  University, 
and  examiner  in  chemistry,  1846-5H  :  hon.  D.C.I>.  Oxford  ; 
F.R.S.  Edinburgh  :  published  *  Manual  of  ChenUstry '  and 
*  Dictionary  of  Pharmacy  and  Materia  Medica,'  besides 
editing  *  Diottonar}-  of  Science  and  Art,*  1843.   [vi.  216] 

BBAHSER.  GUSTAVUS  (1720-1787),  merchant  and 
antiquary ;  trader  in  London ;  director  of  Bank  of  Eng- 
laiul ;  F.R.S. :  curator  of  British  Museum  :  collected  an- 
tiquaorian  curiosities,  pictures,  and  books.  [vi.  318] 


[See  Gkrard, 


BBANSON ,  first  Viscount  (r/.  1694). 
Oharijsb.] 

BBJJTDOK,  CHARLES,  first  Dukk  of  Suffolk  (d. 
1545),  soldier  and  statesman ;  squire  of  the  royal  boily  to 
Henry  YIII,  and  chamberlain  of  prhidpality  of  North 
Wales,  U09;  marshal  of  king's  bench,  1510:  ranger  of 
New  Forest,  1613 ;  createil  VL»count  Lisle,  1513  ;  marshal 
of  army  Invading  France,  1513  :  created  Duke  of  BufTolk. 
1 514 :  went  on  royal  mission  to  France,  151 1,  and,  although 
he  had  already  a  wile  living,  secretly  married  Henry'^ 
sister,  Mary,  at  Paris,  1616,  the  validity  of  the  marriasr(.> 
being  secured  by  a  papal  bull ;  accompanied  Henry  to 
VlcM  of  Cloth  of  Qolil,  1530 :  oonunanded  unKaccus:)ful 
Invmsion  of  France,  1638 :  supported  Henry  In  efforts  to 


obtain  divorce  from  Oathninc  ef  Arragcm;  wartai  of 
marches  against  Scotland,  1648;  commanded  army  In- 
vading France  and  oaptoied  Boulogne,  1644 ;  steward  of 
king's  household.  [vL  818] 

BEAVDOK,  HENRY  (1586-1661),  and  CHARLRS 
(1537  7-1651),  DUKS8  OF  SUFFOLK ;  SOUS  of  Charles  Bran- 
don, first  duke  of  Suffolk  [q.  v.] ;  educated  under  Thomas 
(afterwards  Sir  Thomas)  Wilson,  and  at  St  John's  Col- 
lege, Cambridge,  where  they  caught  the  sweating  sickness, 
which  proved  fatal.  [vL  S2S] 

BSAITDOK,  JOHN  (./f.  1687),  divine ;  RA.  Oriel  Col- 
lege, Oxford,  1666;  rector  of  Finchamatead ;  pubUahed 
rdigions  works.  [vi.  938] 

BEAHSOK,  JOHN  RAPHAEL  (1817-1877X  aivhi- 
tect ;  carried  on  business  with  his  brother,  Joshua  Arthur 
Brandon  [q.  v.],  whom  he  aasi^ted  in  writing  *  Parish 
Churches,'  1848,  *  Analysis  of  Gothic  Architecture,*  1847, 
ami  'Open  Timber  Roofs  of  Middle  Ages,*  1849;  oom- 
mltted  suicide.  [vL  888] 

BRAKDOV,  JOSHUA  ARTHUR  (1802-1847),  archi- 
tect :  joint-author  with  his  brother,  John  Raphael  Bran- 
don [q.  v.],  in  architectaral  pnblicjitions.  [vL  883] 

BBAKDOK,  RICHARD  id.  1649),  exeoationer  of 
Charles  I  and  various  dlstUigubhed  royalists;  son  of 
Gregory  Brandon,  common  hangman  of  London. 

[VL888] 

BRAFDOV,  SAMUEL  (16th  cent),  author  of  'Tbe 
Tragi-oomcBdi  of  the  VirtucSns  Octavia,*  1698.    [vi.  884] 

BBAITDOV,  Sir  THOMAS  (d.  1609),  diplomatist: 
uncle  to  Charles  Brandon,  duke  of  Suffolk  Tq.  v.] ;  Laa- 
oastrian :  accompanied  embassies  to  oonclode  peace  with 
France,  1492,  and  a  treaty  with  Emperor  Maximilian  at 
Antwerp,  1608 ;  held  ofllces  in  royal  hooaehOld ;  K.G. 

[VL284] 

BBAKDRAM,  SAMUEL  (1884-1893),  redUir:  edu- 
cated at  Merchant  Taylors*  and  King's  College  schools 
and  Trinity  College,  Oxford ;  M. A.,  1849 ;  called  to  bar 
at  Lincoln's  Inn,  1860 :  practised  as  barrister  tiU  1876 : 
became  profeK<«ional  reciter,  gaining  wide  popularity ; 
published  selections  for  recitation.  [Sappl.  L  860] 

BBAITDBETH,  JEREMIAH,  called  Jbrfmiah  Gokb 
(d.  1817),  rebel ;  served  in  army :  headed,  as  tool  of  one 
Oliver,  a  rising  in  midland  counties ;  executed  at  Derby. 

[vi.8t4] 

BKAHBRETH,  JOSEPH  (1746-1816),  phjBioian; 
MJ).  Erlinburgh,  1770  ;  established  the  Dispensary  at 
Liverpool :  published  medical  treatises.  [vL  886] 

BBAKDRETH,  THOMAS  SHAW  (1788-1878).  ecbo- 
lar  and  mathematician;  educated  at  Eton  and  Trinity 
College,  Cambridge;  looond  wrangler,  seooivi  Smith's 
prizeman,  and  chancellor's  medallist,  1810:  M.A.,  181S: 
feUow;  called  to  bar:  practised  at  Liverpool;  F.RJB., 
1881 :  Invented  several  mechanical  devices  connected  with 
locomotion ;  publishal  a  treatise  on  the  digamma,  and  a 
verse  translation  of  the  •  Iliad.'  [vL  216] 

BBAKDT,  FRANCIS  FREDERICK  (1819-1874),  kgal 
writer ;  called  to  bar  at  Inner  Temple,  1847 ;  published 
treatises,  relating  chiefly  to  the  law  a^  affecting  sport. 

[vL886: 

BBAITDWOOD.  JAMES  (1739-1886),  qoaker  ;  joined 
quakers,  1761.  and  became  itinerant  preacher.  A  sdeo- 
tiou  from  his  letters  and  papers  >»*a8  pnbUsbed  posthth 
mously,  1828.  [vi.  886] 


L,  THOMAS  (1638-1676).  [See  Bra.nckxil] 

BKAirSBT.  JAMES  HEWS  (1783-1847),  unitarian 
divine ;  minister  of  presbyterian  congregation  at  Moreton 
Hanipstead,  Devonshire,  1803 ;  kept  a  school  at  Da^ey : 
developed  tendency  to  kleptomania,  and  subeeqoentiy 
committed  forgery,  and  was  permitted  ttt  retire  to  Wales, 
1828 ;  published  historical  and  other  works.       [vi.  8873 

BRANBTON,  ALLEN  ROBERT  (1778-1837>.  wood- 
engraver;  apprenticed  to  his  father  as  oopper-plate  en- 
griiver :  came  to  London,  1799;  illustrated  Bloomfield'ii 
'  Wild  Flowers,'  1806,  an<l  other  works.  [vL  837] 

BKAKTHWAITE,  WILLIAM  (d.  1680),  tranalator 
of  the  bible ;  B.A.  CUre  Hall,  Cambridge,  1688 :  feUow 
of  Emmanuel  College,  1584;  M.A.,  1586:  D.D.,  1698: 
member  of  one  of  two  Cambridge  committees  appointed 
to  revise  translaticm  of  bible,  1607-11,  bis  share  bebur  the 
Apocrypha.  (vL  898] 


BRANTrtTGHAM  139  BBAYBBOOKE 


riblxH.  m.iir.fn,^lnr«r  .t  CoT^trT,  1»U  UJI  IBM  :  exi^ 

fmnl'i.  U»:  uniDRT  of'OaUli  uid  <!idiffl<i>,   IMl-ft; 

WtU.  CubtdnL  IMT;  knd  treMnirr,  IMl-Tt.  1177-111. 

ohiBtj  DO  phredoliiiu  u»l  Ihi!  docrioE  a!  d«w«iiv. 

ud  U» :  Uibaii  ■>(  BiHir.  1370:  one  of  lordi  uppolnM 

tri-II*] 

w  Trfora  Md  n«iil.ta  nrtn  «.d  fclnri  boawhoH.  1 SM. 

MAT,     EDWARD     ATKT\a  (1!78-1M7).     n.U«*. 

[aappLLWO] 

luBOBHtrilir:  cill-dlollK  bu-at  UI.WleTnoplfc  1»B; 

MBlirWHITX.    DHASLB3   anr-IMO),   ImilMpe 

jolDsd  watm  circail,  bat  sbamloDBl  Iiiw  /or  Ibe  chuKli ; 

Itiata :  an  of  NtUu  B™»bii-  [q.  t.]  :  pni^tiHd  u 

Tlnir  of  T»Htoc1i  uiA  pwprtual  .umiti'  qf  Brmt  Tor, 

Jj-g^,-.-  »  ..-«.»:   .™„_f,g™ 

SUDTSm.    NATHAN    C*    ISIS),    mlolnton 

HtquiB.  ■  appBTBl.  1»1».                                   [VI.  :m] 

l«rt«r  ud  nwr.™ ;  ™  of  PemffHM  tauiwhlt.  [q. ».] ; 

BKAT.    JOHN   (A   ll'l).  phvrirlu:  aDlbor  of  ■ 

«iU»iIad  U  Biv*l  Acadunj  b«wgm  IWI  imd  1B» 

[1.  IJ§] 

miuiiwcript  Ital  ol  hobt  In  Liitiii,  Kmipb.  ml  Eniltili. 

SRAT.    Sm    RE«IN-A,.D   <./.  IW,   ,«i;i-^"^ 

pM:  daadaclol  ■  ulioal  it  LutoihuD,  Bolfolll ;  pub- 
LlKl  podinl  wriUngs.                                     [tL  !»] 

s[^Ksa^jr:^^''hri^rM'.t^nrt^ 

BXAOSB.  PHILIP  D>  (A  1171).  Kldkr:  nnde  o( 

at  RIclHBond.  mtithH-  ol  E«rl  ot  Ulchmotirl.  »ftiT*.nta 

jDiliUrj  opflutlDE.'  «t  We.f nrd,  1 1 73,                   [t1.  SaS] 

ol  Bail  of  Ki^binonil  Klih  ibi'  IVisomi  Kllutietb  :  cmud. 

•tariff  of  HrTtftmlililre.  ll»1-9:  janOw  lanermEt  In  HUf-  treuonr  lujrt  chuncdlor  ot  dacbT  of  Iaucmut;   mj- 

toriablm    ll»e:     with   Hlcbart   in   Norouuidy,    IIM;  nunur  of  fonsn  in  Britiaoi,   HB»:    bl((b    M»w«rdo( 

¥d9b;  itiBiaof  Kncfoidtliin.  lIUS-7  ;  obUIanl  bciaoDr  b^ht-bunerH.  aflfr  BluokbtaCb,  MW'  conrlucial  Im- 

M  Uwrtek  (vlUion  the  dtT).  UOl  :  ituodal  Jobn  at  prontnoiM  In  St.  Gsorgc'a  Gbapd.  Wlndaar,  umI  probablj 

Inirm  IKH  :  ivrlnd  gnnC  at  dtj  of  Unwrlok  st  fem.  dstmal  Hcutt  Vtl'a  Cbaiwl.  WMtmluna        FtI  3371 
imt  tat  fiToar,  (Dd  •nbnqoaitl]'  (lllO)  nlasd  ■  nOal-  «  '  >^-  l  j 

m  IS  Wak* ;  dkad  IS  ootlatr  m  Frano'.  [tL  JW]  BAAT.    TE0HA8     (lWS-1730),   dlT^c:    B.A.   AU 

■>a«nnbiv     irKRpn   /tTi^iiati     >ntnhinrt>.  Sonli'  OnUwa.   OKfDn],  I«78;    M.A.  Qert    Hall.  IKtx 

ai?iS5SS»SES:'S.™^lS";?r  -««,..&l.»:,;bll.b.l-0.».l«l«ll««™   " 


1  *  Fntita  of  ETp«rl«iicv,'  an  aotoblngmpby,  1 : 


tc  pnpularitf ;  nelecUd  bj  .... 
'ivl  *tn        Dianop  oi  ijdfuun  aa  nu  oammlnaiT  In  Uaj-tlmnd,  irlilch 

, s  (A  i»o),  ai-taT;  wiDw  p"*:!^^^*^,*™  *'*'"}.,'°,*?,E"1;'"^  e?'r*?? 

„.  "Ar.i_;  n^--i    iiuia.  u  t    )ui'  idiuinai  ■•cbaMfor  oiUbllablnR  parochial  llbrmtka  \n  Bnrlud. 

?5^^t^Sm^™Lda.chDrf'aSlSS  '"'i<'>'  i~  •nocearfol.  id  deTtlopBUiilo  lb.  Soolrtj  for 

isSr^ihiiSSri  SruaSii™™  wSlUrJP  PnimoUn*  OhriatiM  Knovladge :  b.D.  Mjwlala  Ccrtltgi. 

■Hua».  poDiuD-i  moMcaaim™  wnimp^  ^^  OifoBtWM:  arrlwd  In  MaijlaDd.  IWii.  hot  ntuniol  at 

■USBKIOa  or  BKAOXBSIOOX.  JOHN  (jl.  1«»),  ""■  J"^, "«'  '"^  ""^  *™^  ""^  Monlanrt  chnrch 

■M  itf  immt  of  Sjvn.     RfpnCad  Bithoi  of  manD-  "^'"^ '"  Knniui 

[Ti.Ml] 

I,  JOHK  {17»0-1BW),  adocational 

I,  Trinltj  ColI«g«,C»nibridje,lgll;   1 

— ;   bdd  liTlng  of  StotlolS.  Belfordi 

■ ^  [Tl.»in 


D  LcDdon  and  aaatbuntrton  ._..  ._,.     

X-  toanr  Innrv  rtilvay  Dnd^rtakin^     R*t. 

,.  __  Ureal  Sortbmi  {lWJ-61),  C^nadlui     ~- 

id'IMiik(lUl-gi,(MBMii(lUl),  Annmian <1M«- 
>|lBU),anilIndian(ISt8-W).  CtI.  139] 


1  rsnd  a(  Ei«liih  Iniel  In  doggn^  Tsae  {1«9S). 

iTi.  MS] 
BKAVOHIUfl  («.  INi>.    [S«  SESiTHi".] 

;j),  Lord  (17n-17»).    (Ba  HscQITnn. 


1?01.    r^^n^J 
>Tlmtio^U.hl>T.rioa.pro 

rouib^'briCUb  planUtlou. 
St.  Bottdpb- Wit  bout.  Ald^te. 
■d  religion,  vorka  uvl  nrritlnja 
e™.                          C-i-  >»] 

Kathor  ol  a  work  In  Ijitln  and  EniliBb  (prlTaMT  printed, 

diEnr  of  Oouaoll  of  Trait  a^lnn  doeHUt" ;  r.D. 

[ri.Wl} 
BRAT,    WILLIAM  (d.  leil).  diTlne:   M.A.  CbrM-g 
ColtegfcOanibrWgf.  IBM:   B.U.,1*S1:  nhapbiin  to  Anl.- 

St  UartlD'cln-t be- Fields.  1633  ;  »!|uvUt«I.  1S41, 

[VI.  HI] 

Bt  RugbT :  bfld  poaltlan  In  hoard  of  tmen  <:)Dth  tot  nnrl; 
fl[tJi.an.:F.'i.A.,i;71.lrea.ur«,1»«.   H.maiplrt«ithr 
R«.  Owni  Mannl«r-»  ■  Hlmori  of  Sumy  ■  ( l-tlH-U  1,  and 

BUTSBOD.  HBNRY 

^S'n 

^?).ja.^(m:«l,e^llIo( 

■vr  aCiiiford;  prebeDdary 


lUU  BtBiriH  of  Oreat  Br^tun.'  w 
r.  Xdnnt  AttTU  Br*)-  [q.  t. 


BBATS&OOKE. 


r  wriCinga.  liielnliii(  Mun  Co  ^niithry  on     Bii'Hakd  ORiriin.  tbird  BARDii,  1 
■  Tanac  a»l  Tavj.  [tL  1*4]        Ricaaui  Corxwam-ik.  fourth  BtFu 


140 


BKBNT 


BSATLST,  EDWARD  WBDLAKE,  the  elder  (1778-  ' 
1854),  topo^apher  and  arcbcologiiit ;  aeaooiated  with 
John  Britton  (1771-1867)  [q.  v.]  in  several  publications, 
including  'Beaoties  of  Enc^land  and  Wales,'  to  which  he 
contributed;  F.S.A.,  1828:  librarian  and  secretary  of 
Russell  Institution,  Great  Coram  Street.  1825-54 ;  published  . 
topographical  and  arcbcolngical  works.  [yi.  244] 

BKATLET,  EDWARD  WILLIAM,  tlie  younger  , 
(1802-1870),  writer  on  science :  son  of  Edward  Wedlake  '. 
Brayley  [q.  v.) ;  studied  science  in  London  and  Koyal 
Institutions ;  joiut-llbrHrlau  of  London  Institution,  Fins- 
bury  Circus:  joint-editor  of  'Annals  of  Philosophy,'  , 
*  Zoological  Journal,'  and  '  Philosopbical  Magazine,'  1822-  I 
1845 :  an  original  member  of  the  Chemical  ami  Zoological  ! 
societies ;  wrote  and  edited  several  scientific  works,  and  j 
contributed  to  '  English  CycloiMedla '  and  other  works :  j 
FJUS^  1854.  [vL  246]      j 

BSATNE,  WILLIAM  (</.  1657),  governor  of  Jamaica ;  i 
lieutenant-colonel  of  foot  In  Scotland,  165R :  governor  of  , 
Inverloohy ;  governor  of  Jamaica,  1656-7.  [SuppL  i.  262] 

BSEADALBANE,  second  Mabquu  (1796-1862).  [See  j 
Oampbkll,  John.]  I 

BREADALBANE,  Earlr.  [Sec  Campbrm^  John,  j 
first  Eari.,  1685-1716;  CAnrBELU  John,  thirl  Earl,  , 
1696-1782;  Caxi'Rrlu  John,  fifth  Earl,  1796-1862.]         | 

BREAK8PEAR,  NICHOLAS  (d.  1159).  [See  | 
Adrian  IV,]  ' 

BREAROLIFFE,  JOHN  (1609  7-1682).    [Sec  Brikr- 

CLUrFB.]  j 

BREAUTfi,  FALKRS  i>B  {d.  1226).  military  adven-  . 
tnrer ;  a  Norman  of  mean  birth :  sheriff  of  Glamorgan,  ; 
1211 ;  iMicame  one  of  John'0  evil  ooun-^elloni :  held  com-  ' 
mand  in  royul  army  against  barons  1215-17  ;  conducted 
his  operations  with  considerable  succefw,  and  contributed 
lanrely  to  the  victory  over  the  dauphhi  Louis  at  Lincoln  ; 
which  virtually  ended  the  war ;  abetted  Albomarle'n  revolt, 
1220 ;  awistud  Hubert  de  Burgh  in  quelling  Insurrection  in 
favour  of  LouIh  at  Oxford,  1222  ;  joined  Earl  of  Ch««ter 
and  other  lonl^  in  Hcbeme  for  seizing  the  Tower,  1223 : 
surrendereil  to  king  at  Northampton  on  threats  of  ex- 
communication :  found  guilty  of  more  than  thirty  actii 
of  wrongful  di<49cli«in,  1224,  and  heavily  fined;  ordered  ; 
his  garruion  at  Boiford  to  seize  the  justices,  one  of  them,  j 
Henry  de  Braybroc  [q.  v.],  being  in  conwquence  captured  ! 
and  imprisoned  at  Bedford  Cattle,  which  was  commanded  . 
by  Falkex's  brother  William,  and  was  surrendered  to  the  j 
king  after  a  stubborn  resistance:  captured  soon  after-  ; 
wanL*,  and,  his  possciwions  being   forfeited,  was  com-  ! 
mitted  to  keeping  of  hlihop  of  London ;  banished,  1225 :  : 
enlisted  the  sympatliies  of  the  pope,  who  appealed  unsuo-  ; 
cessfully  to  Henry  III  in  hh  behalf.  [vt  247]      ' 

BREOHIN,  Sib  DAVID  (d.  1321),  Scottish  warrior :  I 
gidned  title  of  *  The  Flower  of  (Chivalry  *  for  feats  of  arm^ 

C'tably  in  cra«ailes:  supported  English  cause  In  Scot- 
:  ward'Mi  of  Dundee,  1312  :  captured  at  Bannock-  j 
bum,  1314,  and  trninvii  favour  of  Kinig  Robert ;  executed  : 
for  complicity  in  Loni  SoulU's  coni^piracy  against  Robert. 

[vi.  251] 
BREE.  IlOBEItT  (1759-1839),  physician :  B.A.  Uni-  , 
verxity    College.    Oxford,     1778;    studied   medidne   at  < 
Edinburgh:    M.A..  1781;    M.D.,    1791;    F.R.CA.  1807; 
ceuHor.  C'-ollef?o  of  I'lo-nicians,  1810,  1819,  and  1880 ;  elect, 
183IJ ;    Hurwiau  h-oturcr.  1827 ;  K.R.S. ;   vice-president, 
1811 :  pul)lL^hed  nunlical  writings.  [vl.  252] 


BBEKZLL,  JOHN  (1697-1769),  presbyteriaa  dlTfne  ; 
sole  pastor  at  Kaye  Street,  Liverpool,  1744-69 ;  published 
religtous  works.  [vL  254] 


Sir  NICHOLAS  (cT.  1388),  loiU  mayor  of 
London;  alderninu  of  Bread  Street  ward,  1376;  lord 
mayor,  1377  and  1378 ;  one  of  collectors  of  customs  for 
port  of  London,  r.  1379-86,  bin  comptroller  being 
Geoffrey  Chaucer :  accompanied  king  to  Sniithfield  on 
rising  of  Commons,  13H1,  and  was  knighted :  MJ*.  for 
city  of  London,  1383 ;  obtained  by  force  his  dectiaii  as 
lord  mayor,  1 383;  supported  Richani  ll's  struggle  for 
absolute  power,  1387,  and  woh  executed.  [vL  255] 


;,  Sir  JAMI-:^  JOHN  GORDON  (1786-lMOX 
rear-admiral ;  lieutenant  in  navy,  1805 ;  captain,  1814 ; 
C.B.,  1815 :  took  part  in  Burmese  war ;  K.C.H.,  1836  ; 
comman<led  expedition  to  China,  1840-1 ;  K.C.B.,  1841 ; 
second  in  command  of  Cliannel  squadron,  1H46 ;  commo- 
dore iiuperintendent  of  Woolwich  dockyard,  1846 ;  rear- 
admiral,  1849.  [vl.  256] 


I,  DAVID  (d.  1862),  engineer  for  Clyde 

trustees  ;  son  of  James  Bremncr  [q.  v.].  [vi.  257] 

BREKITER,  JAMES  (17H4  1856),  engineer;  settled 
a<<  shipbuilder  at  Pultrney  Town,  nnd  wa*)  engaged  in. 
designing  harboiint  and  piers  on  northern  coast  of  Soot- 
land  :  published  professional  writings.  [vL  257] 


i,  JAMES  WILKINSON  (1830-1872).  Indian 
civil  servant :  entered  Madras  civil  service,  1849 ;  com- 
missioner of  the  Ntlagiris,  e.  1867 :  died  from  illness  con- 
tracteil  whUe  oollectins  tribal  utensils,  arms,  &c.,  for 
Indian  Mascum,  Calcutta :  wrote  '  Account  of  Tribe<«  and 
McHiumentH  of  the  Nilagiris,*  published  posthumously  by 
government.  [vu  252] 

BREEir.  JAMES  (1826-1866),  astronomer  :  calculator 
at  Greenwich,  <-.  1H42  :  oMilrftant  in  Cambridge  observa- 
tory, 1846  :  spent  some  years  in  study  abroad ;  F.R.AJ8., 
1863 ;  publishol  astronomical  writings.  [vL  253] 

BREOWHr  or  BREOOWINE  {d.  765X  archbishop  of 
Canterbury  :  bom  in  the  old  Saxon  land :  came  to  Eng- 
land to  study  :  archbishop,  769  ;  buried  at  Canterbury. 

[vi.S58] 


ROBERT  (tf.  17H9),  music  printer  and 
publisher;  produceil  several  collections  of  songs  and 
workH  of  musical  instruction,  incluiling  *  Rudiments  of 
Music '(1756).  [VL257] 

BRENAK,  —  (/.  17.^6).  painter  In  Dublin  :  puhli4h«d 
'Painter's  Breakfast,*  a  dramatic  satire,  1756.  [vL  258] 

BRXirAir,  JOHN  (1768?-1830),  phy«>lcian  :  M.D. 
Glasgow:  practiscii  iit  Dublin  from  1801;  started 
*MlWian  Magazine'  (1812),  in  which  hi  attacked  College 
of  Physidaus  and  vontilutitl  (rrievan«'«>s  in  I'atlrical  verse 
of  considerable  poignancy :  disoovfrvii  ivmoly  for  poer- 
peral  fever  and  internal  iiifianunation.  [vi.  258] 

BRENOHLET,  JULIUS  LUCIUS  (1816-1873),  tra- 
veller and  author  :  M.A.  St.  Jobn'^  C-oUf^c,  Cambridge, 
1H43 ;  ordained  curate  of  Holy  Trinity,  Maidstone,  1848: 
made  (1847-67)  journeys  to  Ut^ili,  NeV  Mexico,  Panama, 
Ecuador,  Peru  and  Chili,  Inilia,  C^liina  and  .Mongolia,  awl 
Japan,  Australia  and  New  Zealainl,  Silteria  an<l  Poland : 
bequeathed  large  miHcellimpoiis  collections  to  Maidstone  ; 
published  writings  on  hi.'<  travels.  [Suppl.  L  263] 

BRENBAK  or  BRENAINir,  Saint  (490  7-678).  of 
Birr,  now  Paracmstown,  Kinsr's  County ;  of  second  onler 
of  Irish  saints ;  a  disciple  of  St.  Fiunian  of  ClonanL  His 
day  is  29  Nov.  [vi.  259] 

BHEVDAK  or  BEENAINN,  Satxt  (484-577),  of 
Clonfert ;  of  second  order  of  Irish  saint«( :  studied  under 
St.  Ita,  Bishop  Ere.  and  8t  Jarlath  of  Tnam  :  pn*«hyter : 
perhaps  made  journey  to  wext<^rn  uml  northern  t^Uiids, 
which  formed  basis  of  medifeval  legt^nd  of '  Navigation  of 
8t.  Brendan,'  in  the  oritriiial  form  of  which  two  joomeja 
are  described;  visiteil  Brittany  betwtvn  520  imd  530: 
founded  monaster^'  of  Cluain  Fearta,  553.  His  day  ii 
16  May.  [vi.  259] 

BREHT,  CHARLOTTE  (d.  1802),  singer:  pupU  of 
Dr.  Ame:  first  appmred  in  pnblio,  1758;  engaged  at 
Covent  (harden,  1759-7U,  creating  principal  parte  in 
several  operas:  marrieii  Thomas  Pinto,  1766:  toured 
with  her  husband  In  Scotland  and  Ireland,  1 770-AO ;  last 
appeareil  in  *  Comus '  at  Oovcnt  Garden,  1781.  [vL  261] 

BRENT,  JOHN  (1808-1882),  antiquary  and  novelist; 
held  oflices  In  Canterbury  corporation :  F.S.A..  1868  ; 
member  of  HritlDh  ArrluL'ologlcul  Association  and  other 
podetiea :  pubU«heil  poetical  work?  and  iiovcIm.  anii  con- 
tributed to  archieological  piibhcatloiis.  [vi.  1*61] 

BREWT,  Sir  NATHANIEL  (1573?-! 652).  wanien  of 
Merton  College,  Oxfonl :  M.A.  Mcrton  College,  Oxf*»rd, 
1598 :  university  proctor.  16<)7  :  b.^cliolor  of  law,  1623 : 
wanien  of  MiTt<»i».  1622 :  conimi-^:iry  of  diocese  of 
Canterbury  and  vicar-frenornl  to  the  airhbifhop ;  judire 
of  prerogative  court:  knighted,  lfi29  ;  suoccsi*fully  op- 
posed Laud,  who  on  a  vi-^itiition  to  Merton,  1638,  inriated 
on  many  radicol  reform^ ;  Hitlcd  with  parliament  on  ootr 
break  of  civil  war  :  \vs<i  nuuie  jiultro-marshal,  and  signed 
the  covenant :  deposed  irom  wanlonship  by  Oharlet  I, 


BBENTFORD 


141 


BRETT 


1645:  resumed  office,  1646:  president  of  parliamentary 
i-ommisHkm  for  visitatioD  of  anirenities,  1647-Sl ;  pob- 
lisbed  traiulatian  into  BngUah  of  Pietro  Sarpi's  '  History 
of  Cooneil  of  Trent,'  1620,  aztd  other  works.      [tL  268] 

BKnTFOKO,  Barl  or  (U737-1651).    [See  Rutb- 
TKs,  Patwck.] 


EDWABD  PELHAM  (1774-1839),  navy 
captain ;  entered  navy.  1788 ;  lieutenant,  17M ;  captain, 
18M:  Mrred  in  American  war,  1811 ;  tlag-captain  to  Sir 
Bajamin  HaUowell,  1816;  poblished  *  Nayal  History  of 
Great  Britain,  178S-1822,'  182S.  [yi.  264] 


r,  Si&  JAHLBEL  (1770-1844),  Tice-admiral : 
bonin  Rhode  Ldand;  aerred  in  royalist  navy  at  oat' 
teeak  of  war  of  independence ;  accepted  oommisaion  in 
SwBcheh  navy,  and  was  promoted  lieutenant  in  English 
navy,  1790;  pobt-oaptain,  1800;  flag-captain  to  Sir 
James  Samnares,  1801 ;  prisoner  of  war  in  French  hands, 
U(a-6  :  wrved  in  Mediterranean,  1807  till  1810,  when  he 
was  wounded  in  action  off  Naples ;  baronet,  1812 ;  K.O.R^ 
I81ft:  commisi>ioaer  of  dockyani  of  Port  Mahon,  1813, 
sad,  later,  of  Cape  of  Qood  Hope  till  1822 ;  rear-admiral, 
1830 ;  lieatenant^oremor,  Greenwich  Hospital,  1881 ; 
vice-admiral,  IMO ;  published  religious  vrritings.  [vL  205] 

BRXRXLET,    JOHN    Of.  1624).     [See  Anderto5, 
JiMiak] 

BBZRXLET  or  BRTERLEY,   ROGBR  (1386-1637), 

divine  and  poet ;  perpetual  curate  of  Orindleton  Ohapel, 

Mitton-in-Graven,  where  his  foUoweis  liecame  Imown  as 

Ghadktonians ;  probably  charged  (before  1628)  at  York 

bf  hifh  commissioners  with  holding  dootrinei  of  anti- 

BoausB  tendency,  but  acquitted ;  received  living  of  Bum- 

tey.  lancawhire,  1631.    volumes  of  his  literary  remains 

tffcarai  poithumoosly.  [vL  266] 

HESSTOV,  JOHN  CJL  1603X  voyager  to  New  Bug- 
had  ;  aooompanied  first  party  of  English  who  landed  in 
Sev  BD^and  yrith  intention  of  settling,  1603,  but  re- 
tarned  slmotit  immediately;  published  *  Description  of 
Biabeth'a  lie,  and  some  others  towards  North  Part  of 
Vhfiaie,  1602.*  [vt  267] 

nZRETOV,  OWEN  SALUSBURT  (1713-1798X  an- 
tiqouy ;  fducated  at  Westminster  and  Trinity  Oollege, 
Gmbridge :  called  to  bar,  1738 ;  recorder  of  Liverpool, 
1'4S-W :  vtcb-president.  Society  of  Arts,  1765-98 :  M.H^. ; 
bcBcfaer  of  Lincoln**  Inn  ;  treasurer  and  keeper  of  Black 
Book;  ILP.  for  Ilchester,  1776-80;  contributed  to 
'irctisologia*  axvi  '  Philosophical  Transactions.' 

[vi.  268] 

BREEXTOK,  THOMAS  (1691-1722X  dramatist :  B.A. 
Sakdom  Oollege,  Oxford,  1712  ;  held  government  office 
cQoaected  with  o&tonis  at  Ghe«ter ;  drowned  while  at- 
textpting  to  esrape  prosecution  for  libel ;  published  two 
Esi^b  adaptations  fnNn  plays  by  Racine  and  Coraeille, 
«ad  nme  poetical  writings.  [vi.  269] 

BEXRXTOV,  THOMAS  (1782-18.')2X  Uentenant- 
MloKl ;  volunteered  hi  Weitt  Indies,  1797 :  ensign.  1798  ; 
cApUizL,  lb04 ;  invalided  home,  1813 ;  lientenaut-govemor 
o<  aenegal  and  (Joree,  1814 ;  lieutenant-colonel  royal 
A/ricsn  corps,  1815;  commanded  Cape  Town  garrii^on, 
181^23;  commanded  troops  quartered  near  Bristol  at 
wtbrvsk  of  the  Reform  riotn,  1831 :  oourt-martialled  for 
oe^li^eaoe,  inaction,  and  neglect  of  civil  autlunity ;  com- 
aatied  raicide  before  trial  was  concladed.  [vi.  269] 


r.  Sir  WILLIAM  (<f.  1541X  lord  justice  hi 
Irefaukd ;  knighted,  1623 ;  deputy  chamberlain  of  Ghester; 
Bsnhal  of  army  in  Ireland  and  Irish  privy  councillor, 
1539 ;  temporarily  lord  justice  of  Ireland,  1540. 

[SnppL  L  264] 
BBSRSTOK,  Sir  WILUAM  (1604-1661),  parliamen- 
tary commander ;  created  baronet,  1627 ;  travelled  in 
Great  Britain,  Irdand,  and  on  continent,  1634-5  (his 
'  Diary '  puLlisbed  by  Ohetham  Society,  1844) ;  M.P.  for 
C&erbire,  1628  and  1640 ;  headed  parliamentary  movement 
M  Cbetbire,  e.  1642 ;  commander-in-chief  of  foroeii  in 
CteihlK  and'neightwuriug  southern  counties;  defeated 
Sir  Tboma^  A-«ton  at  Nantvrich  and  at  Middlewich,  1643  ; 
deSsated  Rupert  at  Tarvin  and  captured  Liverpool  and 
Shrrw-bury,  1644:  capturol  Lichfield  and  Dudley  Cattle 
sad  defeattfi  Lord  Ashley  near  Stow-hi-the-Wokl,  1646  ; 
chief  iorefVer  of  Macclesfield  forest  and  seneschal  of 
hualnd  of  Mttoclesfidd  on  conclusion  of  war.   £vi.27Jl 


BRXRETOV,  Sir  WILLIAM  (1789-1864),  Uentenant- 

?Eneral ;  second  lieutenant,  royal  artillery,  1805 :  served  in 
eninsnlar  and  Waterloo  campaigns,  1809-16  ;  after  varied 
service,  he  was  second  in  command  in  Bocoa  Tigris  ex- 
pediticm,  and  at  capture  of  Canton,  1848 ;  at  siege  of 
Sevastopol,  1854 ;  K.O.a,  1861 :  lieutenant-general,  1864. 

[vi.  272] 
BRXXXWOOO  or  BKTZRWOOO,  EDWARD  (1665  ?- 
1613X  antiquary  and  mathematician :  M.A.  Brattenosa 
Oollege,  Oxford,  1590 ;  first  professor  of  astronomy,  Gres- 
ham  Oollege,  London,  1596 :  member  of  Old  Society  of 
Antiquaries  ;  left  mathematical,  religious,  and  antiquarian 

•  manuscripts,  which  were  published  postbumouidy. 

[vL  278] 
BBSEEWOOO,  Sir  ROBERT  (1688-1654\  judge  i 
I  educated  at  Brasenose  OoUege,  Oxford :  called  to  bar  at 
.  Middle  Temple,  1615 :  judge  of  North  Wales,  1637 :  re- 
oonler  of  Chester,  1639  ;  reader  at  Middle  Temple,  1638 ; 
!  serjeant-at-law,  1640 ;  king's  serjeant,  1641 ;  knighted, 
.  1643 ;  judge,  1644.  [vL  274] 

BBEREWOOD,  THOMAS  (</.  1748X  poetical  writer: 
grandson  of  Sir  Robert  Brentwood  [q.  v.]  His  *  Galfred 
and  Juetta  *  appeared  in  1772.  [vL  274] 

BRETLAHD,  JOSEPH  (1742-1819X  dissenting  minis- 

ter :  minister  of  Mint  Chapel,  Exeter,  1770-2  and  178»- 

;  1798,  and  at  George*s  meeting  house,  Exeter,  1 794-7,  where 

'  he  kept  a  classical  school,  1772-90  :  tutor  at  academy  in 

I  west  of   Aigland  for   educating  protestant  di^teenters, 

179»-1805.  [VL274] 

BSETVOR,  THOMAS  (;l.  1607-161 8),  ahnanac  maker ; 

Eublished  two  almanacs,  1607  and  1615,  and  a  work  (trans- 
tted  from  French)  on  opium.  [vL  275] 

BBETOV,  JOHN  lb  (d.  1275X  bishop  of  Hereford ; 
canon,  and,  c  1268,  bishop  of  Hereford.    He  was  believed 

.  at  tieginning  of  14th  century  to  have  been  author  of  the 
work  known  as  *  Britton  *  (mainly  Bracton's  treatise  on 

'  English  law  condensed),  probably  written  e,  1290. 

[vL  275] 
BRETOV,  NICHOLAS  (1546  7-1626  ?).  poet ;  probably 
educated  at  Oxford,  perhaps  at  Oriel  (JoUege ;  produced 
between  1677  and  1626,  satirical,  religions,  romantic  and 
pastoral  writings,  in  verse  and  prose,  which  include  (in 
verse)  *  The  Countess  of  Penbrook's  (Pembroke's)  Passion  * 
(first  privately  printed)  (1853X  ^PasquU's  Mad-cappe* 
(earliest  known  copy)  (1626),  *The  Soules  Heavoily 
Exercise  *  (1601),  *  The  Passionate  Sbepheard '  (1604), '  The 
Honour  of  Valour '  (1605),  and  (in  prose)  an  angling  idjll 

,  entitled '  Wits  Trcnchmour '  (1597), '  The  Wll  of  Wit,  Wit's 
WiU  or  WU'a  Wlf  (1599),  *  Croesiug  of  Proverbs,'  1616, 
*The  Figvre  of  Foure '  (first  published  c  1597),  and  'A 
Mad  World,  my  Masters^  (1603),  a  dialogue,      [vl.  275] 

BRETON,  WILLIAM  (</.  1356).    [See  Briton.] 

BRETT,  ARTHUR  (<f.  1677?),  poet;  educated  at 
Westminster  and  Christ  Church,  Oxford ;  M.A..  1659 ; 
vicar  of  Market  Lavington,  Wiltshire  :  subsequently  sut>- 
sisted  by  begging  in  London ;  publi/^bed  poetical  writings. 

[vi.  281] 

BRETT,  GEORGE  (1630-1659).     [Sec  Kkynkh.] 

1  BRETT,  HENRY  (d.  1724).  colonel :  rtndied  at  Oxford 
and  the  Temple;  M.P.  for  kwrougti  of  Bishop's  C'A>tle, 
Shropshire,  e.  1700 ;   lieutenant-colonel  of  foot  regiment 

j  raised  by  Sir  Charles  Hotham,  1705  ;  member  of  Addition's 

•  circle.  [vl.  282] 

I 

BRETT,  JOHN  (d.  1785X  navy  captain:  lieutenant, 
1734;  captain,  1741;  served  on  North  American  coast, 
1755 :  published  translations  from  Spanish  of  Fey  joo. 

[vi.  282] 
BRETT,  JOHN  WATKINS  (1805-1863),  telegraphic 
engineer:   originated  scheme  of  submarine  telegraphy; 
established  telegraphic  communication  between  England 
'  and  Prance,  1850.  [vi.  2»3] 

BRETT,  Sir  PEIRCY  (1709-1781).  admiral:  second 
lieutenant  under  Commodore  Anson  at  Paita,  1741 ;  en- 
gaged and  disabled  the  Eli«ibct!i,  which,  with  munitions 
of  war,  was  convoying  Yoiuig  Pretender's  vessel  to  Scot- 
land, 1746;  served  at  Fini«»terru,  1747:  Icnigbted,  1763; 
commodore  in  Downs,  1768-61  :  :«econd  in  conmiand  in 
Mediterranean,  1762 ;  lord  oonimis^iouer  of  admiralty, 
1766-70;  vlce-admirfti-  177u ;  admiral,  1778.       [vi.  283J 


BRETT 


142 


BBEWSTBB 


BRETT,  RIOHARD (1560 7-1637), divine:  B.A.  Hart 
Hall,  Oxford :  fellow  of  Lincoln  College :  D J).,  1605  : 
rector  al  Quainton,  1595  :  appointed  by  James  I  one  of 
translators  of  bible  into  English ;  pablLshed  translations 
ftom  Greek  into  Latin.  [vL  384] 

BKETT,  ROBERT  (1808-1874),  surgeon ;  studied  at 
St.  Oeorge's  Hospital,  London ;  3^^0.S.B.,  and  L.S. A.L., 
1830 ;  practised  at  Stoke  Newingtou  :  took  active  part  in 
Tractarian  movement.  Dr.  Paaey  being  among  bia  fricndx : 
vice-presideut  of  BngU»h  Oburch  Union.  [vL  S84] 


1886;  LL.D.,   laiO.    His 
Phrase  and  Fable,'  1870. 


THOMAS  (1667>174S),  uonjurlng  divine; 
LL.B.  Oorpos  Ghristl  College,  Cambridge,  1689 ;  LL.D., 
1697 ;  rector  of  Ruckinge,  1705,  and  soon  afterwards  adopted 
nonjnring  piinciples :  resigned  living,  1714 ;  consecrated 
bishop  by  nonjuring  bishops  Collier,  Spinckcs,  and  Howes, 
1716  ;  published  religioas  and  other  works.        [vL  285] 

BRETT,  WILLIAM  BALIOL,  Viscount  B81IKB(1815- 
1899),  judge;  educated  at  Westminster  and  Cains  College, 
(/ambridge;  M.A.,  1845;  called  to  bar  at  Lincoln's  lun, 
1846  :  bencher,  1861 ;  joined  northern  circuit :  Q.O.,  1861 ; 
conservative  M.P.  for  Helston,  Cornwall,  1866-8;  m>U- 
citor-generaU  1868;  additional  justice  of  common  plea?, 
1868  :  justice  in  high  court,  1875  ;  privy  councillor,  1876 ; 
lord  justice  of  appeal,  1877 ;  master  of  rolls,  188S ;  created 
Baron  Bsher  of  Esher,  1885 ;  retired,  and  was  created  Vis* 
count  Esher,  1897.  [SuppL  L  364] 

BRETTAROH,  KATHARINE  (1579-1601),  puritan  ; 
sister  of  Jolm  Bruen  [q.  v.]  ;  married  William  Brettargh, 
e.  1599  ;  persecuted  for  her  religious  opinions,  [vi.  286] 

BRETTELL,  JACOB  (1793-1863).  unitarian  divine ; 
educated  at  Manchester  CollQBre«  York ;  minister  of  Rotber- 
bam,  1816  ;  took  part  in  anti-corn  law  agitation. 

[vi.  387] 

BRETTELL,  JACOB  CHARLES  GATES  (1817-1867), 
lawyer :  son  of  Jacob  Br^^tell  [q.  v.]  :  educated  for  uni- 
tarian ministry :  became  Romian  catholic  and  went  to 
America,  where  he  was  sucoeswively  tutor,  minister  of  a 
German  church,  and  barrister;  published  poetical,  reli- 
gious, and  other  works.  [vi.  387] 

BRETTDTGEAM,  MATTHEW,  the  elder  (1699-1769), 
architect ;  pupil  of  William  Kent,  designer  of  Holkham, 
the  Earl  of  Leicester's  seat  in  Norfolk,  on  which  Bretting- 
ham  worked ;  designed  mansions  in  Palladlan  style ;  pub- 
lished '  Remarks '  <mi  places  visited  in  Continental  tour^. 

[vL  287] 

BRETTZHGEAM,  MATTHEW,  the  younger  (1735- 
1803),  architect;  son  of  Matthew  Brettingham  (1699- 
1769)  [q.  v.] :  worked  in  Falladian  style.  [vL  388] 

BRETTZHGHAK,  ROBERT  FURZE  (1750-1806  ?X 
architect;  nephew  of  Matthew  Brettingham  the  elder 
[q.v.] ;  studied  in  Italy ;  erected  many  mansions  through- 
out the  country,  and,  after  1790,  obtained  extensive  prac- 
tice as  prison  architect :  resident  clerk  of  board  of  works, 
«.  1771-1805.  [vL  388] 

BREYAL,  JOHN  DURANT  (1680  7-1738),  miscel- 
laneous writer:  educated  at  Westminster  and  Trinity 
College,  Cambridge ;  fellow,  1703 ;  M.A.,  1704 ;  expelled 
for  alleged  luisconduct,  1708 ;  volunteer  in  army  in  Flan- 
ders ;  became  successively  ensign  and  captain  ;  employed 
by  Marlborough  in  diplomatic  missions;  subsequently 
engaged  in  dramatic  and  other  writing  in  London; 
noticed  at  some  length  in  the  *  Dundad  *  in  retaliation  for 
his  merciless  ridicule  of  Pope.  [vi.  389] 

BREYDTTorBREVIH,  DANIEL  (1616-1695),  divine; 
educated  at  protestant  university  at  Saumur;  M.A., 
1634 ;  fellow  at  Jesus  College,  Oxford,  1687  ;  incorporated 
M.A.  Oxford,  1638;  deprived  of  fellowship  by  parlia- 
mentary oommissioners ;  retired  to  Jersey,  his  birthplace, 
and  thence  to  France :  chaplain  to  Turenne ;  returned  to 
England,  1660 ;  received  stall  in  Durham  Cathedral,  1660 ; 
D.D.  Oxford,  1663 ;  dean  and  prebendary  of  Lincoln, 
1683 ;  published  protestant  polemics,  and  devotional  works, 
including  *  The  Christian  Sacrament  and  Sacrifice,'  1673. 
[VL390] 

BREWER,  ANTONY  (JL  1655),  dramatic  writer  ; 
wrote  *  The  Love-sick  King.'  [vL  398] 

BREWER,  EBENEZER  COBHAM  (1810-1897),  mis. 
oeUaneoos  writer :  son  of  John  Sherren  Brewer  [q.  v.]  ; 
B.CX.  Trinity  Hall,  Cambridsre,  1836;  onlained  priest. 


works  hiolQde  'Dictionarv  of 
[Suppl.  L  366] 

BREWER,  GEORGE  (b.  1766),  miscellaueoas  writer  : 
served  as  midshipman  in  navy ;  lieutenant  in  Swedish 
navy,  1791;  attorney  in  London:  contributed  to  the 
*  European  Magazine,'  and  published  dramas,  novels,  and 
miscellaneous  writings.  [vi.  392] 

BREWER,  JAMES  NORRIS  (y(.  1799-1839),  author 
of  many  novels  and  topographical  compilations,  iudading 
contributions  to  scries  called  '  Beauties  of  Enorland  and 
Wales.'  [vi.  398] 

diseentiiig 
[vi.  293] 

BREWER,  JOHN  (1744-1833).  EnglUh  Benedictine 
monk  ;  appdnted  to  mission  at  Bath,  where  a  new  chapel 
built  by  him  was  destroyed  by  rioters,  1780.      [vi.  394] 


JBHOIADA     (1763?-1817), 
minister ;  published  rdigious  writings. 


,,  JOHN  SHERREN  (1810-1879),  historical 
writer ;  graduated  at  Queen's  College,  Oxford,  1833  ;  lec- 
turer in  classical  literature,  Kincr's  College,  London,  1639, 
and  professor  of  English  hmguage  and  literature  and  lec- 
turer in  modem  history,  1855-77  ;  commissioned,  1856,  by 
master  of  rolls.  Sir  John  Romilly,  to  prepare  calendar  erf 
state  papers  of  Henry  VIII ;  principal  of  Working  Men's 
College ;  received  crown  living  of  Toppesfleld,  1877 ;  pub- 
lished historical  works,  including  '  Student's  Hume.* 

[vi.  294] 

BREWER,  SAMUEL  (d.  1743?),  botanist;  engaged 
in  woollen  manufacture  at  Trowbridge,  Wiltshire; 
having  met  with  mi^ortune  became  head-gardener  to 
Duke  of  Beaufort  at  Badminton.  He  rendered  valuable 
asiistanoe  to  Dillenius  in  his  botanical  work.    [vL  395] 


,  THOMAS  (yf.  1624),  author  of  tracts  in 

verse  and  prose,  including  *The  Life  and  Death  of  the 
Merry  Deuill  of  Edmonton  '  (prose),  1631,  *  A  Knot  of 
Fooles  *  (satirical  verses),  1634  ;  and  poems  descriptive  of 
the  plague.  [vi.  396] 

BREWER,  THOMAS  (6.  1611 X  musician;  educated 
at  Christ's  Hospital;  a  celebratai  performer  on  riaii 
published  musical  compositions.  [vi.  397] 

BREWER,  BRIWERE,  or  BRXTER.  WILLIAM 
(d.  1336),  baron  and  judge:  sheriff  of  Devon;  justice 
itinerant^  1187  ;  one  of  four  justices  left  by  Richard  in 
charge  <rf  the  kingdom,  1189;  assisted  Richard,  thmi  in 
captivity,  at  hQ.terview  with  Emperor  Henry  YI,  and, 
later,  with  other  envoys,  arranged  peace  of  Nantes,  1193 ; 
one  of  John's  evil  advisers ;  signed  charter  surrendering 
crown  and  kingdom  of  England  to  Innocent  III,  1313 ; 
joined  barons  after  their  entry  into  Loudon,  1315 ;  signed 
Great  Charter;  leader  in  John's  army  ou  outbreak  of 
baronial  war;  assisted  Henry  III  against  French,  c 
1316 ;  baron  of  exchequer,  1331.  [vL  397] 

BREWSTER,  ABRAHAM  (1796-1874),  Irish  lawyer  ; 
M.A.  Dublin,  1847;  called  to  Irish  bar,  1819;  took 
silk,  1835 ;  solicitor-general  of  Ireland,  1846  :  privy  coun- 
cillor in  Ireland,  1853 ;  attorney-general,  1853-5  ;  lord 
justice  of  appeal  in  Ireland,  1866 ;  lord-chancellor  of  Ire- 
land, 1867.  [vL  299] 

BREWSTER,  Sir  DAVID  (1781-1868),  natural  philo- 
sopher ;  educated  at  Edinburgh  University ;  editor  of 
'Edinburgh  Magazine*  (afterwards  called  sncoesBively, 
'Edinburgh  Pliilosophical  Journal*  and  'Edinburgh 
Journal  of  Science'),  1803 ;  licensed  preacher,  1804,  but 
subsequently  abandoned  clerical  profession;  LL.D.  Sk 
Andrews,  1807;  M.A.  Cambridge;  editor  of  'Edinburgh 
Encyclopedia,'  1807-39;  F.R.8.,  anil  Copley  medallist, 
1815 ;  Rumford  medallist,  1818,  and  subsequently  Royal 
medallist  for  discoveries  in  relation  to  polarisation  of 
light ;  invented  kaleidoscope,  1816 ;  M.I.C.B.  London, 
1830 ;  firstdirector  of  Royal  Scottish  Society  of  Arts,  1831 ; 
assisted  in  organising  British  Association  for  Advance- 
ment of  Science,  1831 ;  knighted,  1831 ;  principal  of  united 
colleges  of  St.  Salvator  and  St.  Lecmaid  in  university  of 
St.  Andrews,  1888;  aided  Scottish  Free  church  movement, 
1844  ;  vice-chancellor,  Edinburgh  University,  1860 ;  prert- 
dent.  Royal  Society  of  Edinburgh,  1864.  Hia  works  relate 
chiefly  to  optical  investigations.  [vi.  399] 

BREWSTER,  Sib  FRANCIS  (/l.  1674-1703).  writer 
on  trade ;  lord  mayor  of  Dublin,  1074  ;  published  writings 
on  trade  autl  uuvigatlou.  [Vi.  SU3] 


BBEWSTER 


148 


BRIDGES 


JOHN  (176S-1849),  author ;  M.A.  Lin- 
OoOiVB.  Oxford.  1778:  reotor  of  R«lnuinhaU,  1806,  < 
BoUon, I Wt,  a^  HffglaKliffe.  1814 :  pabLished  'History  * 

/  and  reUgioa  works.  [t1.  SuS] 


PATRICK  ( 1 788-1860X  Scottub  dirine : 
bimbei  of  9r  Darid  Brewster  [q.  t.]  ;  hdd  aecood  charge 
ol  Abbej  Cborch,  Pai:il^%  1818-59 :  pablisbud  aermoDA. 

[Yi.  804] 

BBXWim,  THOMAl?  (b.  170iX  translator ;  M.D. 
St.  Jolui**  College,  Oxford,  1788  ;  fdk>w  :  published  verse 
traoalatiaBS  from  Pezsioa,  173^-84.  [wi,  804] 


l«8»-7; 


WILLIAM  OM0?-1^44),  a  founder  of 
IT|iiiiii<li.  Kew  Wngland  ;  edooated  at  Psterhoose,  0am- 
:  antered,  c  1M4,  service  of  William  Darison  [q.  v.], 
be  accompanied  on  embaKy  to  Low  Goontries. 
of  'post  oflloe*  at  Scrooby,  1504-1007: 
himiidf   in   separatist  moTement,  and  after 
M&sideimble  peraeootion  went  to  Amsterdam, 
set  op  printing  press  at  Leyden ;  sailed  for  Virginia 
lC90i,  and  foonded  New  Plymoath,  where  lie 
teacher  and  preacher.  [▼^  3^] 


1108 : 
ia 


m 


<M8-1014X  king  of  Irdand  :  known  as  Brian 

KeoDsdy  (or  Cennedigh) ;  son  of  Cenneide :  with  Lis 

MaUvambain.  chief  of  the  Dal  Gais :  defeated 

atBoloolt,  Tlpperaiy,  e.  968;  cliief  of  Dal  Cais, 

and  slew  Maehnoadh,  king  of  Oashel,  978, 

him ;  defeated  (Mllapatric,  king  of  Oiisory, 

acknowledged  king  of  Leinster,  984 :  allied  with 

hlainn  mac  Domhnail],  chief  king  of  Ireland,  and 

Meated  Danes  at  Oknmama,  Wicklow,  1000:   defeated 

ladsschlainn  and  became  chief  king  of  Ireland.  1001 ;  re- 

oiwl  sobmiflBioa    of    Oonnanghtmen ;    made   charter 

idmowlBdging  eockaiastioal  supremacy  of  Armagh,  1004 ;  I 

wte  dieoit  of  Ireland,  icodrii^  hostages  of  all  territories 

ttmofh  which  be  passed ,  joined  Madaeohlainn  and  be- 

«f«i  Danes  near  Dablin,  without  soooeai,  1018  :  defeated 

Dnsi  at  Oloantarbh ;  after  the  battle  was  murdered  by  a 

Due  ia  hb  tant»  1014.  [vi.  306] 

ntOT.    [See  Bryan.] 

BIAVT,  ALBZANDBB  (166S-lft81X  je^nit:  edu- 
ratedst  Hart  HaU,  Ozlord,  and  at  Douay  and  Rheim:^ : 
'priest,  1578:  joined  Bnglish  mission,  1579;  im- 
in  Compter,  tortured,  and  executed  for  high 
at  Trbom,  having  been  admitted  while  in  prlwn 
totteSoeietj  of  Jesus.  [vi.  309] 

niOB,  ANDREW  (1«90-177S>,  printer:  apprenticed 
^  betsr;  carried  on  a  printing  business  in  spite  of 
toMdaldiffleolties  for  many  years  after  1714 :  iaoed  a 
*kU7  newspaper,  e.  1 715-78.  His  works  include  a  *  Oraiui 
fisHMser,  or  Tlopographic  Dictionary,'  1759.      [vi.  310] 

mCl  or  BETOB,  EDWARD  (1569  7-1636),  flrMt 
(Rttt^jterian  minister  in  Ireland :  entered  Edinharf^h  Uni- 
voity.r.  1589;  minister  of  Bothkenner,  16*)6,  and  Dry- 
BMO,  ICOS;  deposed  on  charge  of  adultery:  rtv«ived 
cm  of  ToDOideoMTan,  ca  Antrim,  e.  1614  :  prebendary  of 
ClitMt,  1619 :  ailenoed  for  non-subscription  to  ttie  cauons, 
Ittt  [vl.  310] 

mOI,  THOMAS  id.  1570X  martyrologtst :  ordained 
d«ean  and  priest,  IMO :  pobliahed  '  A  Compendious  Re- 
finer in  Metre  *  (1559),  oontainint;  names  of  martyrs  in 
Bsffamd,  4  Febw  1555  to  17  Nov.  1558.  [vi.  31 1] 

Bm&I,  SBIOnrS,  or  BEZZIUS  (<i.  12S9),  bishop ; 
tecood  prior  of  Lesmahagow ;  bishop  of  Moray,  1903 ; 
fMBdad  eaOege  of  canons  at  ^ynic  [vL  813] 

niOBOlS,  BBIORSMOSS,  or  BETOEXOORS. 
B—  (14tli  eentbX  somamed  Sophuta  ;  schoUstic  :  Haid  to 
bave  ttodied  at  Oxford,  to  have  been  canon  of  Holy 
Bood.  Bdinbmrgfa,  and  to  have  written  conmientaries  on 
Aristotle ;  perhaps  identical  with  Buumibmon. 

[vi.312] 
Sadtt  (458-528).    [See  Brigit.] 


IBiniTJ.,  FREDERICK  LBE  (lH:ii-1863X  landscape 
apprmticed  to  a  picture  dealer,  wlio  arraiiRed 
tsr  his  edacatien  abroad ;  exhibited  at  Royal  Academy 
fram  185L  *  Tbe  Temple  of  Tenns,*  1858,  and  *  Sunset 
en  cbs  5tiantiff,'  1857,  are  among  his  best-known  worlu. 

[vi.  312] 
RALPH  (1518-1678).  bishop  of  Ciii- 
M.A.  Braicnose  OoUege,  (Oxford.  168B :  nia-xter 
of  MsnrhMter  free  grammar  aebool,  1638,  and  feoffee, 


1663  :  lost  maetenbip  on  outbreak  of  rivil  war  ;  preacher 
of  the  rolls;  vicar  of  Witney,  Oxfonhihire,  1654-68; 
commissioner  for  approbation  and  admission  of  presby- 
terian  ministers,  16511 :  chaplain  to  Charles  II,  canon  of 
WindMr,  and  D.D.,  1660 ;  dean  of  Salisbury,  1667 :  bishop 
of  Chichester,  1675.  [vL  813] 

BEIBFSETE  iJL  1000).    [See  Btrbtfbsth.] 

BEZDOE,  BEWICK  ( 1767-1 883 X  mathematician  and 
senior  wrangler:  B.A.  St.  Peter's  Oollefre,  Cambridge, 
17{Kj:  M.A.,  1798 ;  B.D.,  1811 ;  fellow ;  professor  of  nmthe- 
matios  at  Ea»t  India  Company >  Cioilege,  Haileybuiy ; 
vioarof  Chcrrjhinton,  1816-83  ;  F.K.S. ;  published  mathe- 
matical works.  [vi.  814] 

BEIDOE,  Sir  JOHN  (1824-1900),  police  magistrate; 
M.A.  Trinity  College,  Oxford,  1849;  called  to  bar  at 
Inner  Temple,  1850 :  practised  on  home  circuit ;  police 
magistrate  in  London ;  chief  metropolitan  magistrate, 
1890 :  knighted,  1890.  [SuppL  L  967] 

BEIDOE  or  BEID0E8.  RICHARD  (/f.  1760),  organ- 
baiMer;  constructed  or^n  for  Christ  (Thuroh,  Spital- 
fti^uis.  and  other  churches.  [vL  815] 

BEZDOE,  WILLIAM  (16OO?-1670),  puritan  divine; 
M.A.  Emmauud  (Jollcge,  Cambridge.  1626 :  fellow ;  lao> 
turer  at  Ck>lcheeter,  1031 :  rector  of  St  Peter's  Hnngate, 
Norwich,  1636  ;  exoommtmicated  ;  high  pastor  at  Hc^ter- 
Uam;  frequently  preacUud  liefore  Long  parliament; 
ejected  from  living  at  Gruat  Yarmouth,  1662  ;  one  of  the 
writers  of  the  '  Apologctical  Narration,'  Iu48.    [vi.  315] 

BEIDOBXAV,  HENRY  (1615-1682X  bishop  of  Sodor 
and  Man :  son  of  John  Bridgeman  [q.  v.]  ;  B.A.  Oriel 
College,  Oxford,  1682 ;  fellow  of  Brasenose  College,  1683-9 : 
M.A.,  1685  :  rector  of  Barrow,  Cheshire,  1689  (sequottered, 
1643),  and  of  BauKor-ia-ooed,  Flintshire,  1640(8equestmi, 
1646) ;  regained  reotorieb  on  Restoraticm  :  dean  of  Chester, 
D.D.,  and  prebendar}'  of  York,  1660 ;  bishop  of  Sodor  and 
Man,  1671.  [wi.  816] 

BEIDOBXAV.  JOHN  (1577-1652),  bishop  of  (}bflster ; 
B.D.  Peterhouse,  Cambridge,  1596 ;  foundation  feUow  of 
Magdalene  College,  1699;  M.A.,  and  incorporated  M.A. 
Oxford,  1600  ;  D.D.,  1612 :  canon  residentiary  of  Bxeter ; 
prebendary  of  Peterborough;  chaplain  to  James  I; 
bishop  of  Chester,  1619:  oppo<>ed  nonconformity;  lived 
in  retirement  after  temporary  overthrow  of  episoofwoy. 

[vi.  817] 

BEIDOEKAir,  Sir  ORTANDO  (16067-1674},  locd 
keeper ;  son  of  Jolui  Bridgeman  [q.  v.]  ;  B.A.  Qoeens* 
College,  Cambridge,  and  fellow  of  Magdalene  OoUege, 
1624:  callml  to  bar  at  Inner  Temple,  1632:  bencher,  e. 
16C0 :  chief- justice  of  C^hester,  1638  ;  attorney  of  court  of 
wards,  antl  soUci tor-general  to  Prince  of  Wales,  1640; 
M.P.  for  Wiguu  in  Long  parliament  aivi  knighted,  1640 ; 
sat  in  Oxford  parliament,  1644 ;  serjeant-at-arms,  ohi^- 
baron  of  cxcheriuer,  and  baronet,  1660 ;  presided  at  trial 
i  of  regicidm  :  lord  chief-justice  of  common  pleas,  1660-8  ; 
lord  keeper  of  great  seal,  1667-72.  [vL  818] 

BEIDOEB.    [See  also  Bbtdgibs.] 

BEIDOEB.  CHARLES  (1794-1869),  evangeUcal  di- 
vine ;  M.A.  Queens'  College,  Cambridge,  1881 :  vicar  of 
Weymouth,  1849 ;  published  religious  writings.  [vL  320] 

BEIDGE8,  JOHN  (d.  1618^  bishop  of  Oxford,  1604 ; 
M.A.  Pembroke  Hall,  (Cambridge,  1560:  fellow,  1556; 
D.D.  Canterbury,  1575 ;  dean  of  Salisbury,  1577 ;  took 
part  in  Hampton  Court  conference,  1608 ;  published  re- 
ligious works,  of  which  the  most  important,  being  the 
immediate  cause  of  the  Martin  Marprelate  tracts,  is  *  A 
Defence  of  the  Oovemment  established  in  the  CJhurch  of 
Englande  for  Eoclesiasticall  Matters,'  1587,  replying  to 
Cartwright's  *  Discourse  on  Ecclesiastical  Ctovemment' 
(1574),  and  I'heodore  Beaa's  *  Judgment'  [vL  820] 

BEIDOEB,  JOHN  (1666-1724),  topographer ;  bencher 
of  Lincoln's  Inn  :  soli<^tor  to  customs,  1695 ;  governor  ci 
Bridewell  and  Bethlehem  hot^pitaLs ;  F.S.A.,  1718.  Left 
manuscript  collections  for  history  of  Northamptonshire 
(published  1762-91)u  [vi.  821] 

BEIDOEB,  NOAH  (Jl.  1661),  stenographer  and  matba- 
matidan:  educated  at  Balliol  College,  Oxford;  B.C.L., 
1646:  clerk  of  parliaments  at  Oxford.  1643  and  1644; 
kept  a  Hchool  at  Putney :  published  works  on  arithmetio^ 
stenography,  and  cryptography.  [rL  822] 


BBXDQBS 


144 


BKIGhHT 


BBIDGES,  THOMAS  (/.  17ft»-1775X  drunatltt  and 
parodist ;  published  comic  operas  (produced  at  Hay- 
market,  1771  and  1775)  and  pvodies  ox  Homer  and  other 
poets.  [vL  883] 

BEZDOBT,  Saint  (46S-ft33).    [See  Brioit.] 

BEIDOSTOWER,  OEOROB  AUGUSTUS  POL- 
OREBN  (1779-1840?),  violinist:  studied  under  Barthele- 
mon :  first  appeared  at  Drnry  Lane  at  an  oratorio  oon- 
oert,  1790;  became  member  of  the  Prince  of  Wales's 
private  band  at  Brighton;  at  Vienna  met  Beethoven, 
who  composed  for  him  his  Kreutzor  Sonata:  Mu8.Bac. 
Cambridge,  1811.  [vi.  383] 

BRIDQETT,  THOMAS  BDWARD  (1829-1899),  Ro- 
man catholic  priest;  pensioner  of  St.  John's  (College, 
Cambridge,  1847 :  entered  Roman  catholic  church,  1850 ; 
joined  Redemptorist  order :  priest,  1H56 ;  founded  Con- 
fraternity of  Holv  Family,  Limerick,  1868 ;  wrote  mainly 
on  history  of  Reformation.  [SnppL  i.  S67] 

BBIDOEWATEE,  third  DuKi  of  (1786-1803).  [See 
BoxBTON,  Francis.] 

BEZDOEWATXR,  Earls  of.  [See  Boerton,  John, 
first  Barl,  1679-1649;  Bgkrtun,  John,  second  Barl, 
16SS-1686;  EoKRTON,  John,  third  Earl,  1646-1701: 
BoKRTON,  Francl«i,  sixth  Earl,  1736-1803 ;  Boerton, 
Francis  Hknrt,  dghth  Barl,  1756-1839.] 

BEZDOEWATBB,  JOHN  (1639  ?-1696  ?).  latinised 
form  Aqurpontanus,  cathf^ic  divine ;  M.A.  Hart  HaU, 
Oxford,  1566 ;  rector  ci  Lincoln  College,  Oxford,  1563-74 : 
canon  residentiary  of  Wells ;  domeeitic  chaplain  to  Robert 
Dudley,  earl  of  Leicester;  master  of  Hospital  of  St. 
Katharine,  near  Bedminfiter,  1670 :  prebendary  of  WeUs, 
1573;  visited  English  college  at  Dooay,  1674;  published 
theological  and  historical  works  in  Latin.  [vt  884] 

BBIDOKAV  or  BBISOBXAK,  CHARLES  (d.  1738X 
gardener  to  Oeorge  I  and  Gteorge  II ;  king's  gardener  be- 
fore 1739 :  laid  out  Seipentine  and  gardens  between  it  uad 
Kensington  Palace,  1730-8:  probably  designed  royal 
gardens  at  Richmond.  He  did  much  towards  abolishing 
formal  methods  of  landscape  gardening.  [SnppL  t  368] 

BEIDOMAV,  RICHARD  WHALLEY  (1761 7-1830), 
legal  writer :  attorney  and  one  of  clerks  to  Grocers'  Com- 
pany :  published  legid  works.  [vl.  336] 

BSIDLIHGTOV,  JOHN  of.  Saint  (<i.  1379).  [See 
John.] 

BBIDPORT,  Viscount  (1787-1814).  [See  Hood, 
Alsxandkr.] 

BBIDPORT  or  BSIDLB870BD,  GILES  of  (d.  1363X 
bishop  of  Salisbury ;  dean  of  Wells,  1363 :  went  on  em- 
bassy from  Henry  III  to  Alexander  lY,  1366 ;  bishop  of 
Salisbury,  1367;  nominated  by  Henry  III  one  of  arbi- 
trators between  king  and  barons,  1361 ;  founded  College 
of  Vanx,  Salisbury,  1360.  [vL  336] 

BBIEROILIFFS  or  BREAROUFFS,  JOHN  (1609?- 
1683),  antiquary ;  made  collections  for  history  of  Halifax. 

[vL  386] 

BRIERLET,  BENJAMIN  (1886-1896).  Lancashire 
dialect  writer:  son  of  a  hand-loom  weaver:  worked  as 
hand-loom  weaver  and,  later,  as  silk- warper;  became 
(1868)  sub-editor  of  *  Oldham  Times' :  assisted  In  found- 
ing Manchester  Literary  Club,  1864 ;  edited '  Ben  Briertey's 
Journal,'  1869-91.  He  published  works  written  largely  in 
dialect  of  South  Lancashire.  A  collected  edition  ap- 
peared, 1888-6.  [SuppL  i.  369] 

BRIERLEY,  ROGBR  (1686-1687).    [See  Brbrblbt.] 

BRIERLY,  Sir  OSWALD  WALTERS  (1817-1894), 
marine  painter ;  studied  at  academy  of  Henry  Sass  [q.  v.] 
at  Bloomsbury ;  first  exhibited  at  Royal  Academy,  1839 ; 
settled  In  Auckland,  1841-51 :  F.R.G.S.,  1863 :  accom- 
panied Hon.  Henry  Keppel  during  operations  in  Baltic, 
1864,  and  in  Black  Sea  and  Sea  of  Azov,  1866,  publishing 
drawings  of  Incidents  In  war ;  with  Duke  of  Edinburgh 
In  voyage  round  world,  1867-8,  and  with  Prince  and 
Princess  of  Wales  in  tour  to  Nile  and  Crimea,  1868 ;  asso- 
ciate, 1873,  and  member,  1880,  of  Royal  Water-colour 
Society,  to  whose  exhibitions  he  contoibuted  scenes  from 
naval  history ;  marine  painter  to  Queen  Victoria,  1874 ; 
knighted,  1886.  [SuppL  L  370] 


BRI008,  HENRY  (1561-1630),  matbematioljui ; 
M.A.  St.  John's  OoUege,  Cambridge,  1585 :  felkm,  1688 ; 
first  professor  of  geometry,  Gresbam  0>Uegie,  Loodon, 
1696-1630;  Savilian  professor  of  astronomy,  fdlow-oom- 
moner  of  Merton  College,  and  Incorporated  M.A.,  Ozfbnl, 
1619 :  published  and  left  in  manuscript  works  on  matlw- 
matlcs  and  navigation.  [vL  886] 

BRIOCW,  HENRY  PERRONET  (1791  7-1844),  sabjeot 
and  portrait  painter ;  exhibited  at  Royal  Academy  from 
1814 :  R.A.,  1883.  [vt  SS7] 

BRI008,  JOHN  (1788-1861),  catholic  divine:  edu- 
cated at  St.  Cuthbert's  0>llflge,  Ushaw ;  raoeived  tonsure 
and  four  minor  orders,  1804 ;  professor  at  St.  Cnthbert's, 
and,  in  1833,  president ;  bishop  o^  I'rachis  in  Tbenalia, 
1833;  vicar-apostol:c  of  northern  district,  1886;  bishop 
of  Beverley,  1850-60.  [vL  887] 

BRIOOB,  JOHN  (1785-1876),  Indian  oflloer;  served 
in  Mahratta  wars,  and  became  resident  at  Satt&rm; 
senior  commissioner  for  government  of  Mysore,  1831; 
resident  of  Nagpur,  1833 :  left  India,  1835  ;  major-genenl, 
1838 :  member  of  court  of  proprietors  of  East  India 
Company ;  F  Ji.S. ;  translated  Persian  works  into  Bni^i^ 

[VLS88] 

BRIOOB,  JOHN  JOSEPH  (1819-187eX  natoraUst  aad 
t(^>ographer ;  contributed  writinc^  on  natural  history 
and  arohsBology  to  the  'Field'  and  other  newspapers ; 
fellow.  Royal  Society  of  Literature ;  member  of  Britiah 
Arclueulogical  Assooiation.  His  works  include  a  *  His- 
tory of  Melbourne,  Derbyshire.'  [vL  888] 

BRIOOB,  Sir  JOHN  THOMAS  (1781-1866),  ao- 
oonntant^eneral  of  the  navy :  secretary  to  comndsrion 
on  civil  affairs  of  navy,  1806-9;  oommissloner  and 
accountant-general  of  victualling  board;  aoooontan^ 
general  of  navy,  1888 ;  knighted,  1861.  [vi.  889] 

BRIOOB,  WILLIAM  (1643-1704),  physician  and 
oculist ;  feUow,  Corpus  Christi  College,  Cambridge,  1668 ; 
MA.,  1670;  studied  under  Vieussens  at  MontpelUer; 
M.D.  Cambridge,  1677  ;  F.C.P.,  1683 ;  censor,  1685, 1686, 
and  1693 ;  physician  in  ordinary  to  William  m  from  1696 ; 
published  *  Theory  of  Vision,'  1683-3.  [vL  899] 

BRIOHAK,  NICHOLAS  (d.  1658),  antiqaaxy;  ap- 
pointed by  Mary  general  receiver  of  subsidies,  flfteentla, 
and  benevolences,  1558;  wrote  epitaph  on  Cbaooer,  fbr 
whose  bones  he  built  tomb  in  Westminster  Abbej, 
1655.  irL  880] 

BRIGHT,  Sir  CHARLES  TIMTON  (1888-1888), 
telegraph  engineer:  educated  at  Merchant  TaylonC 
school;  entered  employ  of  Electric  Telegraph  Oompany, 
1847 ;  consulting  engineer  of  Magnetic  Ciompany,  1860-70 ; 
patented  the  acoustic  telegraph  known  as  *  Bright's  Bells,* 
1865;  engineer  to  Atlantic  Cable  Company,  1856;  on 
board  the  Niagara,  which,  with  t^e  Agamemnon,  under 
Profeiwor  W.  'Thomson  (Lord  Kelvin^  laid  the  first  oabls 
fromValentia  to  Newfoundland,  1858;  knighted,  1858; 
engaged  in  cable-laying  work  in  Mediterranean,  Persian 
Gulf,  and  West  Indian  L«lands ;  liberal  M.P.  for  Green- 
wich, 1865:  M.I.C.E.,  1863;  president  of  Institute  of 
Electrical  Engineers,  1886-7.  [SnppL  t  871] 

BRIGHT,  HENRY  (1814-1873),  water-colour  painter: 
dispenser  at  Norwich  Hospital :  studied  art  and  exhibited 
at  Royal  Academy,  1845-60;  member  of  Institute  of 
Painters  in  Water-colours.  [vi.  881] 

BRIGHT,  HENRY  ARTHUR  (1880-1884),  mertihant 
and  author ;  educated  at  Rugby ;  B.A.  Trinity  College, 
Cambridge,  1857 ;  M.A.,  1860 :  partner  in  shipping  firm 
of  Gibbs,  Bright  &  Ck>. :  on  commission  of  peace  for  Lon- 
don, 1866,  and  for  Ifiddleaex,  1870 ;  member  of  Boxbnighe 
Club  and  Philobiblon  Society,  for  each  of  which  he  edited 
a  publication.  [tI  881] 

BRIGHT,  JACOB  (1831-1899),  radical  poUtldaa, 
brother  of  John  Bright  (1811-1889)  [q.  v.] ;  MJ».  for 
Manchester,  1867-74  and  1876-85,  and  southern  division, 
Manchester,  1886-96  ;  privy  councillor,  1896. 

[SnppL  L  8911 

BRIGHT,  Sir  JOHN  (1619-1688),  parliamentarian; 
raised  companies  for  parllamoit ;  captain,  1648 ;  govemor 
of  Sheffield,  1644  ;  served  under  Cromwell  in  Scotland ; 
high  sheriff  of  Yorkshire,  and  governor  of  Hull  and  York* 
1654  and  1665;  probably  joined  royalist  par^  beftm 
Restoration ;  created  baronet,  1660.  [vL  SS8] 


145 


BROnrTiFiY 


.,  JOHN  (178S-1870X  phyvician  :  M.D.  Wwl- 
baai  Oolkve,  Ozfofd,  1808  ;  phytician  to  General  Hos- 
pital, BlmungtMiin,  1810 :  F.O.P^  18U9  ;  Hanreian  orator, 
lnaa ;  kxd  cbaooeUor's  adrlaerin  lunacy,  1836.  [vi.  333] 


%  JOHN  (1811-1889X  orator  and  statesman  ; 

of  a  Rnrhlale  miller :  worked  in  his  father's  mill ; 

made  fim  paddic  speech,  1830,  in  defence  of  tcmperanoe 

mofemait;  gained  reputation  as  orator  by  his  oppoei- 

tkm  of  pttedple  of  chordi  rates,  1834-41 ;   adrocated 

abolitiim  of  capital  punishment ;  formed  friendiihip  with 

Oobden.  e.  IStf ;  fcreasarer  of  Rochdale  branch  of  Auti- 

Oomlav    League,    IMO;    began   agitation    in  London 

tf^att  oon  lavs,  184S,ajid  sabaeqoently  carried  on  oam- 

paiga  ia  wiMi*«*<«  and  Scotland ;  M.P.  for  Durham,  1818 ; 

oppoaeJ  Kaynooth  grant,  184ft ;  spoke  against  Lord  Aah- 

1^  tm  boors  fiactories  bill,  1846  ;  M.P.  for  Manchester, 

1H7  ad  lASS ;  introdooed  bill  for  repeal  of  game  laws, 

ISiH :  advocated  facilitation  of  sale  of  encumbered  estates 

a  iRiaiiil,  providaD   of   oocapatioQ  for  peasantry  by 

taMxoaaad  partition  of  landed  property,  and  disestablish- 

■Bit ;  daurman,  1848,  of  select  committee  (for  which  he 

had  nMvrad,  1847)  to  inqoire  into  obstacles  to  cultiration 

of  osttfon  in  India ;  sobseqaently  assisted  in  raising  funds 

for  pciTata  commiasion  of  inquiry  in  India ;  joined  Gob- 

teia  focming  *  The  Oommons*  League,*  for  financial  and 

psifiaaantary  reform,  1849  ;  opposed  Russell's  resolution 

n^aliBg  Sr  DaTid  Salomons  [q.  v.]   from  House  of 

f*— "w**  ai  a  Jew,  1861 ;  recommended  that  government 

fit  lai^  shoold  be  made  a  department  of  the  British 

fOfSDoient,  1853;   opposal  war  with  Russia,  1858-4; 

oppossd  BoBfldTs  Oxford  Uuirersity   reform   bill,   and 

gnat  to  diaMOting  ministers  in  Irdand,  1864  :  defeated 

tadecttan  at  SCanchester  and  elected  for  Birmingham, 

mr.ina.  km,  I868.  I873,  I874,  I88O-6:  advocated  de- 

witnHialion  in  India,  1868  and  1879 ;  opposed  govern- 

aat  retain  bill,  in  speech  in  which  he  insisted  on  need 

(orradiithbotioo,  1869 ;  negotiated  preliminary  treaty  of 

eiBBKroe  with  France,  186U ;  member  of  committee  to 

aqairt  into  preoedonta  for  power  of  Lords  to  deal  vrith 

kx  bins,  1860 ;  supported  northern  cau.se  in  American 

nr,  IMl ;  member  of  Jamaica  committee  for  trial  of 

tioronor  Byre  for  execution  of  Gordon,  1866 ;  supported, 

IM,  Gladrtane's  government  reform  bill,  which  was 

Mstsd;  advocs^  Irish  disestablishment,  1868;  presi- 

4at  of  boaid  of  trade  in  Oladstone's  first  ministry,  1868- 

ICQ;  member  of  cabinet  and  of  privy  council,  1868; 

laqwrarOy  withdrew  from  politics  owing  to  ill-health, 

U*0-S :  dbanocUor  of  duchy  of  Lancaster,  1878 ;  opposed 

BwoBifleid's  Turki»h  polity,  1876,  and  advocated  neu- 

mBty;  chaaodlor  of  duchy  of  Lancaster  with  Kat  in 

abiaet  in  Gladstone's  ministry,  1880 ;  supported  Brad- 

iu^'i  rsqnert  for  permission  to  afllrm,  1880 ;  lord  rector 

of  Oksmw  University,  1880 ;  approved  of  re-establish- 

■srt  of  aotooomy  of  Transvaal,   1881 ;  resigned  chan- 

ecUsnUp  of  the  duchy  of  Lancaster  on  British  Inter- 

mtioD  in  Egyptian  affairs,  1882  ;  M^.  for  central  dlvi- 

aoBofBinniagham,  1886 :  made  In  1887  last  public  speech 

(n  sttack  on  Oladstone's  home    mle    bill    of    1886); 

bOBomy  D.C.L.  Oxford,  1886.     Bright  and  Gobden  were 

tbs  two  leading  lepiesentatives  of  the  emergence  of  the 

■sniifsuliiiiim  gLms  as  a  force  in  Bn^i^b  politics  after 

tts  Rdona  Act  of  183S.    Yolnmea  of  his  speeches  and 

■Ml— a  were    poblisbed,   1868   and    1879.      Bright's 

^artnit,  by  Mr.  W.  W.  Onlesa,  RJL,  is  In  the  National 

nrtrattGaUery.  [SuppL  L  873] 


%  MTNORS  (1818-1883),  decipherer  of  Pepyn  ; 
Ma  of  John  Bright  (1783-1870)  [q.  v.]  :  H^  Magdalene 
GoQope,  Ouabridgei,  1843  ;  fellow  and  president  of  the  col- 
liic ;  afkrwards  proctor,  1863  :  deciphered  and  published 
ngr^  *  Diary,*  1876-9.  [  vi.  333] 


.,  RIOHABD  (1789-1868X  physician  :  studied 
St  Idiabargh  and  Gay's  Hospital,  London ;  M  J).  Edin- 
tanvh.  1812 ;  stodied  at  Peterhooae,  Cambridge ;  travelled 
1818-SO ;  physician,  Guy's  Hospital,  1824-43 ; 
pfayiidan,  1843;  assisted  Addison  in  'Ble- 
of  Practice  of  Merlicine '  (1839) ;  published  first 
Tilame  of  'Reports  of  Medical  Oases,'  1827,  containing 
Us  disuotety  oc  *  Brlght's  Disease,*  anid  second  volume, 
191 :  oootribated  to  *  Guy's  HoepiUl  Reports,*  first  pub- 
Ual  1836 ;  FXXP.,  1832,  Gulstonian  lecturer.  1833,  censor, 
US6  and  1839!,  T«amMan  lecturer,  1837,  and  member  of 
eood,  1838  and  18a :  F.ILS.,  1821 :  physician  extra- 
osdiaary  to  Qoeen  Victoria,  1837 :  published  accounts  of 
~  treatisea,  and  other  writings.    [vL  334]      | 


BRIGHT,  TIMOTHY  (1661  ?-l616),  inventor  of 
modem  shorthand  ;  M.D.  Trinity  Collt^re,  C^ambridge, 
1679  ;  studied  medicine  iu  Pans ;  phyrieiuu  toSt,  Itartliolo- 
mew*8  Hospital,  1686-90 :  abandoned  medical  profession ; 
rector  of  Methley,  1691,  and  of  Berwlck-in-Elmct,  York- 
shire, 1694  :  published  '  A  Treatise  of  MelanchoUe,'  1686 
(said  to  have  suggested  to  Burton  liis  *  Anatomy  of 
Melancholy*),  and  * Cbaracterie,'  1688,  a  work  on  the 
lost  art  of  shorthand,  which  Bright  re-invented. 

[vL337] 

BBIGHTKAV,  THOMAS  (1662-1607),  puritan  divine ; 
M.A.  and  fellow.  Queens*  OoUege,  Cambridge,  1684  ;  B.D., 
1691 :  rector  of  Hawnes,  BedfonlMhire,  1692 :  wrote 
biblical  commentaries  (including  n  treatise  on  the  Apo- 
calypse, which  he  believeil  hiowclf  to  liave  written  under 
divine  Uispiration),  publislied  poMtliumoiuily.     [vi.  339] 

BBIOHTWXLL,  CECILIA  LUCY  (1811-1876%  etcher 
and  antlioress ;  drew  and  lithographed  figures  for  her 
father  Thomas  Brightwell'n  work  on  *  Fauna  of  Bant 
Norfolk,*  1848 ;  produoeil  some  original  etchings  and 
ottiers  aiter  old  and  modem  artiste :  published  works  for 
the  young,  mainly  biographical.  [vi.  340] 

BBIGIT,  Saint,  of  KUdare  (463-623),  Irish  saint ; 
bom  at  Fauglier,  near  Dnndalk ;  daughter  of  Dubhthach 
(grandKm  of  Tuathal  Teachtmhar,  monarch  of  BrinnX 
by  hUK  bondmaid  and  ctxicubine  Brotsech  ;  livol,  when 
grown  up,  with  her  father,  who,  disliking  her  generous 
bestowal  of  his  property  on  the  poor,  gave  her  her  free- 
dom ;  took  the  veil  ami  was  probably  invested  with  rank 
corresponding  vrith  that  of  bbhop ;  founded  the  church  of 
Kildare.    Her  day  is  1  Feb.  [vL  340] 

BBI08T0CKB,  THOMAS  (1809-1881),  portrait- 
painter;  exhibited  at  Royal  Academy,  1843-66.  [vi.  342] 

BRIUTJIOTE  (d.  991),  earldorman  of  Kast-Saxons  ; 
died  of  wounds  received  in  batUe  against  Norwegian  fleet 
near  Maldon.  [vi.  342] 

BRIUTBIO  (d.  803).    [See  Bborhtric] 

BRIHTWALD  (660  ?-731),  archbi»hop  of  Canterbury ; 
abbot  of  Keculver,  e.  670 :  elected  archbishop  of  (Canter- 
bury, 692,  and  consecrated  by  archbishop  of  Lyons,  698 ; 
presidal  at  council  of  Estrefeld  (near  Ripon  ?X  in  which 
Wilfrith,  archbishop  of  York,  was  exoommunicatol,  702  ; 
an  energetic  and  tactful  ecclesiastic.  [vL  348] 

BBIUTWOLD  (d.  1046),  monk  of  GUistonbury ;  eighth 
bishop  of  Ramsbury,  1006-46.  [vL  344] 


,  GEORGE  (1819-1867),  enayist ;  B.A. 
Trinity  College,  Cambridge  ;  college  librarian,  1846 ;  con- 
tributeil  to  '  Spectator '  and  *  Fraser*s  Magazine,*  essays, 
of  which  a  selection  was  published,  1868.  [vi.  344] 

BRDTD,  Sir  JAMBS  (1808-1888),  general ;  educated 
at  East  India  Company's  College.  Adiuscombe;  second 
lieutenant,  Bengal  artillery,  1887  ;  captain,  1846  ;  major, 
1866 ;  colonel,  1861 ;  major-general,  1867 ;  general,  and 
oolonel-conunandant,  royal  artillery,  1877 ;  distinguished 
himself  at  siege  of  Delhi,  1867;  C.B^  1868;  commanded 
Sirhind  division,  Bengal  army,  1873-8 ;  G.C.B.,  1884. 

[SuppL  i.  291] 

BRIKD,  RICHARD  (d.  1718X  chorister  and,  1707-18, 
organist  of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral.  [vi.  344] 

BBIVDLBT,  JAMES  (1716-1772),  engineer;  began 
business,  1742,  as  repairer  of  old  machinery  at  Leek,  and 
introduced  many  Important  improvements  in  machinery  ; 
designed  canal  from  Worsley  coal  mines  to  Mancheeter, 
1769,  and  subsequently  constructed  over  366  milen  of  canal^ 
including  Bridgevrater  (Manchester  and  Liverpool)  and 
Grand  Trunk  (Trent  and  Mersey).  [vL  346] 


!,  JOHN  (1703-1768),  baptist  minister ;  bora  of 

poor  parents ;  joined  baptists  when  young ;  pastor  of  con- 
gregation at  Curriers'  Hall,  Cripplegate,  London,  1730; 
published  religious  works.  [vi.  346] 

BRIHKXLOW,  HENRY  (d.  1646),  satirist ;  left  onier 
of  St.  Francis  and  became  citizen  and  mercer  of  London  ; 
adopted  opinions  of  reforming  party  and,  under  pseudo- 
nym of  Roderigo  Mors,  published  satires  on  social  and 
religious  subjects ;  perhaps  banished  from  ^igUivL 

[vi.  346] 

BRDTKLBY,  JOHN  (1 763-1 H35),  bishop  and  astro- 
nomer; senior  wrantrler,  and  first  Smith's  prizeman, 
Caius  CoUegey  Cambridge,  1788  ;  M.A.,  1791 ;  DJ).,  1806 ; 


BBOADBENT 


•,  Udrd  Babl.  ITtt- 


cM^,  1S31-I;  prebeodEtry  of   EU^o^hliii  and  n 
DerTjbriuli,  lauc:   bishop  oF  OI<7ii«,  ISM;   publlihsl 
'MtaeaU  or  tttraaomy  •  (1808).  [vL  347]       , 


_, DrBKTKnraLL,  THOMAS  (-(.ISM  !). 

aiTine;  D.B.  Unlrorslty  Oollege,  Oitonl,  16U8:  pre- 
bmdu-y  of  LibcolD,  and  mofter  of  &L  John'i  Hn^tAl, 
Buborji  1(11 ;  profcwr  of  dirinjij^  Oxford,  IftSl. 

[V1.M8] 
BBIVBLXT,    JOHN,    Uw  eliler  {Jl.  IIBS),  paritsn 

V.  OhrtHfs  OoUogi,  Osmbridite.  IMa  ;    look  i 

X J  ^^1 — ,  ^^^  AihbjHle-lfl-Kouch :  ejectfld 

™S«]       I 

. _!,  JOHS,  th*  joonger  (IMO-iaM),  porl- 

UndiTliu:  MDOl  Jobn  Brtaiilri7(>.  1W9)  U' '•] :  I'  '     ' 
Bininiuio«10fill«B».0Miibridjni,la"-  ■-  " 


BBISTOL,  B&LFB  □■  (d.  19S1),  blibop  of  Cubd ;  flnt 
irwrnnr  of  St.  Patrick'!  Oitbcarkt,  DnblL,  t»» :  bWnp 
.  ot  Oulie^  ins.  [Tl-t66] 

S&nrOW,  EDUUND  <178T-1B»),  mister:  n- 
IbltAl  Bl  Rojil  Acadcmj  mil  otbO'  axMbUloiu.  ISOt- 
8SS.  [vL  MT] 


SSISTOW.  E 
:  (ilit :  eduntad  a 
Gfio^IvphlcHl  Sd] 


(KRY  WILUAU  (IBIT-ISM),  iMln- 

KIhTb  OoUein,  Loadoo  1  dlmtor  at 
i;  for  Bnglaod  ud  Wain.  18TI-W: 


.  leii.Ctditn^ 


j°  co^r^r  I 


'doctor  dacntomm,* 

blibop  Df  Bootwtn,  WS: 

BXIBTOS.      WILLIAM     (IB!l-lBe7).     phr-Mui ; 
(todlri  Ht  King's  OoUogv,  I^mdon ;  UJX  London.  IBM : 

Ho^tal,  uid  •DbwiQsiI^  phjalalan   and  lectnrgr  on 
pbjBiQlo^  ;  pubtialml  trentJuA  reUtlns  chiefly  todbvHRc^ 

BKIOT,  NICHOLAS  (lt7«-ie4C),  DwdslUst  whI  coin- 

advaToand,  bat  witbout  vucoem,  to  Introdooe  Improved 
"  ertofogliih 

1    CHARLB3    (ITSt  ?-IStal.   rear- 


_  Ohrtst  Oburch.  Ortotd 
xet«T>  Ibflf :  appointai  tjy  Dr-  AUeD 

ollffl  Ht  Dotuy  ;  prlttt^I673^   D.D. ..,, 

inofltieiemiiiaryaDronioTiilIolUisiDiii.ielg 
1  Uogluid  for  his  hfmltll,  16S1  :  publishat  ' 
ork«,  and  asslAted  AllcD  iu  rerliiiis '  Dooay 


;  piwident  of  Medical  BocVea  ol  Lcn- 
1. 1803 ;  pablisiied  *  ThMry  and  Fractioa  of  Jlodklii^* 
'6,  aad  ot^  medlwl  vjitlagt.  [SnppL  I.  fU] 

nUTRUS,  WALTER 
if  MertoD  Oollcffc,  O: 


[TLJMl 


BKITHWAIO  (6M?-7S1).    [Sm  Bniimraui.l 
BHITHWOIJI  (d,  lOW),    [8m  BttiirrTOLn.] 
sum)  or  LK  BBBTOX.  itANDLPH(d.  llU).c& 

)SrSiK  rerenoe 

imnrt-Hined  DO  false  chaijra  ol  ,      ., 

at  IniUiiie  of  prelaleg.  ItL  SS8] 

B&ITOIT  or  SKETOX,  WILLUU  (d.  11S«),  tlaalD- 
Blbllie,'  a  trsatiw  ci 

[TtlM] 


VtUlngtoD  in  PaibuuIaTlt 


,    JOHK  M.   17741),   pbnldim:  M.D. 

EdiDbargh,  I7W:  Ii.O.P.,  net :  pbyi-ician  to  UUdlwei 
HopiUI.  17eB-7S :  pati1l>hal '  Auatamy  of  Palotliig,'  ITM, 

BU8BANS,  8m  THOMAS  MAEDOUOALL-  (117S- 
IMO),  MUla  add  aKninoiiMr :  ednoaled  at  Edtnborgh 
Vnlnnltr:  inabni,  l7W:  nu(ar.  ITM:  with  Sir  Ralpb 
AbammbT  la  Weit  ladlea,  17»*^-.  Uailnaiit^oloiieL. 
ia»;  In  JatiiaIOkl«00-S;d«*otdliliiMelf(o«>Cii)iioniy 
at  fail  obHTTatoiy  at  Brlabana,  BooUand ;  colonel  and 
__.,_.,_.  -J'^--]t.KH»iJ  IBIO;  brigadtor-seiKral  nnder 
mlnsbja,  ir"""  --'--  -—  -  '   ■-'--  ■- 

i,  ISIS;   lUJ.a,  18. _.   ..   _.   .  _      ... 

Wata.  1MI-I ;  (oeoaiaced  nnltnatlon  but  lacked  energy 

Bjpdiiej,  181} ;  ntdmed  to  Sd^landi  1 


I8U-M;  gM  mriaUlit,    Royal   Asln 

IB!8 ;  bnilt  end  onolpped  obserr-* —  — 

otMrratoiy,   Makentona,   Boi 

18(8:  U.ILa.,1810:areated  banusi,  >»»,  v.i'.ii.,><u' 

■sienl.  IStl.  (tL  SM] 

BBnnL,  EtBU  or.  (Sea  DiQBT.  John,  On: 
Sui,  Isao-IOH:  DnBT,  annoB.  tecond  Baiu.  Itl^ 
U7I ;  Bwn,  Johh,  tat  Sua.  of  tbe  eaomd  areolioq 


JOHK  (d.  lt;».  [Bee  BHrroN.) 
BKITTOV,  JOHH  (1T71-IBS7),  aotiqiiUT  v 
„.jpber:  oellannan  m  SmllhOeld  and  uba 
ittomeT'i  clo-k :  pobllibed  '  AdTmhires  ol  Flianxi,'  im, 
and  reoelTed  oommlulou  ta  pnpam  '  Beautlei  ot  WDU 
■biic'  ISO)  ;  Bnt  edited  with  E.  W.  Brayler  [q.  *.],  and 
SDbuqaently  coDlrlbutnt  to  'Beantlea  of  England  ud 
Wiln.'  18UI-II  ;  pobllibed  >  Arcbltectara]  Beantlei  o( 
a«t  Briu^n,'  18Ut-11,  with  lupplement.  1818-18,  and 
other  WTltin^B.  Inolodlng  an  *  AQtofalDgrnphy.'  1890. 


'  Portrait  Gallery. 

II  (d.  HOT).    tSteBi 
BBIXIU8  <d.  liSiy    [Ss  Bi 


BBOASBXWT,  THOMAS  BioaiN  (i7u-iair>,  totiv: 

m  of  William  Broadbent  [q.  t.]  ;  graikiated  at  (1Ui(inr, 
»ia.    -i_**b — 1  *... —  I.,   nnit^iaji  academy.  HaoOCT 

[Tt.»0] 


ISIS :   claMioal  ti 


BROADBBNT 


147 


BBODIB 


dxTioe: 
tutor  in 


,     WILLIAM    (1766-18S7X   unitarian 

at  DaTentry  academy,  where  ho  became 

178S,  and  in  mathematics,  natural  philo- 

k«ic,  17S1;    minister  at  Warrington,  1792- 

nwifafcriaw  of  Belsham  sohooL        [Ti  363] 

■ROASTOOT,  GEORGE  (1807-1846),  major:  ensign 
Mth  legimmt  Madras  native  infantry,  1896 ;  commanded 
BanMn  IB  flta-  Bobert  Sale's  march  from  Oabal  ta  JeUala- 
ted,  IMl ;  distingnisbed  himself  in  Pollock's  Cabal  cam- 
GLB.  and  oommissioner  of  Hcmlmein,  and  later 
of  Sikh  frontier ;  died  of  woonds  received 

[VL364] 


BSOASHSAD,  WILLIAM  (1816-1879\  instigator  of 
tndBB-aDifon  outrages ;  worked  assaw-grinaer  SQcoessively 
and  Loxky  Valley ;  became  secretary  of  saw- 
ankon,  c  1848,  and  instigated  numerous  out- 
>  emidoyos  and  anti-union  workmen ;  coming 
anspicion  (1866)  made  as  vntnees  an  avowal  of  his 
in  a  government  examination  of  the  union's 
endgrated  to  America,  1869;  subsequently 
in  Sheffield.     He  figures  as  Grotait  in  Oharles 
Pat  Yourself  in  his  Place.'  [SuppL  L  394] 


BEOCUDSTT,  JOHN  TROTTBR  ri788-1849X  antt- 
qnary ;  attomsy  at  Newcastle :  made  OMleotions  of  books, 
coins,  and  medals;  originated  Newcastle  Typographical 
Hociety,  and  contributed  to  its  series  of  private  publica- 
tions. His  own  publications  include  a  *  Glossary  of  North 
CkKintiy  Words  in  Use,'  1826.  [vi.  373] 

BROCKIE,  MARIANUS  (1687-1766),  Benedictine 
monk ;  bom  in  Edinburgh ;  joined  Scottish  BenedicUnos 
at  Ratisbon,  1708 ;  professor  of  philosophy  and  divinii^ 
at  Scottish  monastery,  Erfurt;  on  cath^o  mliiiri«n  in 
Scotland,  1737-39 ;  prior  of  St.  James's,  RaUsbon ;  wrote 
*  Monasticon  Scoticon ' ;  D.D.  [vi.  878] 

BE0CIKLB8BT,  RIOHARD  (1636-1714),  non-abjnring 
divine;  M^  Sidney  Sussex  College,  Cambridge,  1660: 
rector  of  FolUngham,  Lincolnshire;  declined  to  abjure 
and  retired  to  Stamford  ;  pubUsbed  *  Explication  of  Goepd 
Theism,' 1706.  [vi.373] 

BBOOELSBBY,  RIOHARD  (I7S9-1797),  physician; 

'  educated  with  Burke  at  school  at  Ballitore,  co.  Klldare ; 

:  studied  at  Edinburgh ;  M.D.  Leyden.  1746 :  L.O.P.,  1761 ; 

I  incorporated  M.D.  Cambridge,  1764;  F.O.P.,  1766:  ap- 
pointed physician  to  army,  1768,  and  served  in  Germany ; 

I  enjoyed  friendship  of  Burke  and  Johnson,  attending  the 
latter  in  his  last  illness ;  Harvdan  orator,  0>llege  of  l^hy- 
sicians,  1760;  F.R.S.;  published  'CEoonomical  and  Medi- 
cal Observations,*  1764,  and  other  medical  works,  incloding 
an  essay  on  therapeutic  application  of  mosio.    [vL  374] 

BROOKY,  CHARLES  (1807-1866X  portrait  and  sub- 
jeot  painter;  bom  at  Temeswar,  Hungary;  ttodied  in 
Vienna  and  Paris ;  settled  in  London,  e.  1888 :  exhibited 
at  Boyal  Academy,  1889-64.  [vL  876] 

BRODERIO,  ALAN,  Lord  Midleton  (1660  ?-1738). 
[See  Brodrick.] 

YSGYTHRAWG  iJt.  684),  king  of  BBODE&IP,    FRANCES    FREELING    (1880-1878), 

Bmris ;  inobably  kml  of  Uriconinm  and  Severn  Valley,  authoreas ;  nde  Hood  ;  married  Rev.  John  SomerviUe  Brode- 

tsd  kader  oCBrltons  against  West-Saxons  at  Fethau-leag ;  rip,  1849  ;  published  works,  mainly  for  the  young,  in  some 

apirtiwwd  in  liywarch  Hen's  degy.  [  vi.  866]  of  which  Thomas  Hood  the  younger  assisted.     [vL  876] 

BBODERIP,  JOHN  (d.  1771  ?),  organist ;  organist  of 
WeUs  Cathedral,  1741;  sub-treasurer,  1769;  published 
religious  musical  compositions.  [vi.  376] 


BBOADWOOB,  JOHN  (1783-1813),  pianoforte  manu- 
fMlmer :  entcsed  partnership  with  BurkhardtTschudl,  a 
SviM  haipafccfaord  maker,  who  retired  in  favour  of  Broad- 
wxd,  1769 ;  his  first  patent  for  a  *  new  constructed  piano- 
forte,* was  dated  1788,  and  the  firm  rapidly  acquired  a 
loropesn  repotatioo.  [vi.  364] 

IS0GA8,  SfR  BERNARD  (1830 ?-l 896),  warrior; 
taght  St  Poitiers,  and  probably  at  Crtoy  and  Najara ; 
eoDSfesUe  of  Aqnitaine;  captain  of  Calais  after  Ed- 
waid  TITs  death ;  M.P.  for  Hampsliire  in  ten  parliaments, 
IKT-ftb;  dMUDoberlain  te  Rictiard  H's  queen,  Anne  of 

[vi.  366] 


IBOCK,  DANIEL  DE  LISLE  (1763-1843X  bailiff  of 
Osetiaey :  jnrat  of  royal  court  of  Guernsey,  1798 ;  several 
tisKS  repnaented  Goems^  in  Lcnidon  in  respect  of 
OMares  relating  to  the  island;  bailiff  of  Guernsey,  1831- 
l&a  [vi.  366] 

ntOOK,  Sir  ISAAC  (1769-1813),  major-general; 
bnther  of  Danid  de  Usle  Brock  [q.  v.] ;  ensign  in  8th 
(tiaf§)  regiment,  1786;  raised  men  for  an  independent 
ODpsny,  and  was  gantted  captain  ;  served  in  West 
ladieB,  1791-3 :  major,  1795 :  served  in  North  Holland, 
17M,  and  in  Baltio  operations,  1801,  in  Canada,  1803-6, 
■Bd  from  1806  *  commanded  at  Quebec,  and  (1810)  in 
l^ppo'  Ouuda :  major-general,  1811 ;  received  surrender 
flf  General  Hull's  forces  at  Detroit,  and  was  made 
estrs  knight  of  Bath,  1813:  kUled  in  engagement  with 
General  Van  Renniitdaer  at  Queenstown,  where  a  monu- 
ooH  to  him  now  stands.  [vL  367] 

IBOOK,  WILLIAM  (1807-1876),  dissenting  divine; 
itedied  at  Stepney  GoUege:  advocated  abolition  of  West 
lidiaa  davoy,  1834  :  pastor  of  Bloomsbury  Chapel,  Lon- 
(ioo,  1848-73 ;  toured  in  United  States,  1866 ;  first  pre- 
tidcBt  of  Loolon  AsK)ciation  of  Baptist  Churches :  pre- 
asiot  of  Baptist  Union  of  Great  Britain  and  Ireland, 
1M9 ;  poblisiied  controversial  works.  [vL  368] 

IROGK,  WILLIAM  JOHN  (1817 ?-1863),  divine; 
BLA.;  incombent  of  living  of  Hayfield,  1863-63;  pub- 
Hibed  poems  and  sermons.  [vi.  369] 


.,  WILLIAM  (1787-1864),  painter, 
snftbor,  and  inventor;  student  at  Royal  Academy,  1809; 
eontrtbated  icgolarly  to  exhibitions  of  Royal  Academy 
SDd  British  Institution,  1813-37,  several  of  his  pictures 
(SB  bifafioal  subjects)  becoming  famous;  member  of 
■*■*»«—«<*■  of  Rome  and  Florence:  made  many  journeys 
in  the  Alps,  and  pobUsbed  *  Illustrations  of  Passes  of  the 
A^*  (107-9).  and  *  Joomals  of  Excursions  in  the  Alps  * 
Cl9U):  poblished  'Italy,  Classical,  Historical,  and  Pic- 
*  ae,*  1843-4,  with  illustrations  by  himself  and  other 
I :  took  oat  patents  for  inventions,  including  a  sub- 
far  ooricB,  made  with  vulcanised  india-rubber,  and 
sfi  artificial  plambago  for  lead-pencils ;  assisted  in  found- 
iBg  Boyal  Geographical  Society,  1880,  and  was  member  of 
ttsftimeoiiiicil;  F.E£.,18S4.  [71.869] 


BBODERIP,  ROBERT  (cT.  1808),  organist  and  com- 
poser ;  composed  a  volume  of  musical  instruction  and 
several  collections  of  psalms,  glees,  &c.  [vL  876] 

BBODEBIP,  WILLIAM  (1683-1736),  organist;  sub- 
treasurer  of  Wells  Cathedral,  1706;  received  cathedral 
stall,  1708  ;  organist,  1713-36 ;  composed  an  anthem  (in 
Todway  collection).  [vi.  376] 

BBODERIP,  WILLIAM  JOHN  (1789-1869X  lawyer 
and  naturalist ;  B.A.  Oriel  College,  Oxford,  1813 ;  called 
to  bar  at  Lincoln's  Inn,  1817  ;  magistrate  at  Thames 
police-court,  1833-46,  and  at  Westminster,  1846-66; 
bencher  of  Gray's  Inn,  1860 ;  treasurer,  1861 ;  F.L.S., 
1834;  F.R.S.,  1838;  a  founder  and  original  fellow  of 
Zoological  Society,  1836 ;  published  zoological  writings. 

[vL  877] 

BBODIB,  ALEXANDER  (1617-1680),  Scottish  lawyer ; 
educated  at  King's  College,  Aberdeen ;  M.P.  for  co.  Elgin, 
1643;  representative  to  general  assembly  of  Scottish 
church;  lord  of  session  and  commissioner  to  meet 
Charles  II  at  Hague,  1649  ;  retired  tiU  1668 :  superseded 
at  Restoration.  [vi.  377] 

BBODIE.  ALEXANDER  (1880-1867),  sculptor! 
brother  of  William  Brodle  (1816-1881)  [q.  v.]  ;  studied  at 
Royal  Scottish  Academy  ;  committed  suicide,    [vi.  378] 

BBODIE,  Sir  BENJAMIN  COLLINS,  the  elder 
(1783-1868),  surgeon ;  studied  anatomy  in  London  under 
Abemethy  and  Wilson ;  entered  St.  George's  Hospital, 
1803,  as  pupil  of  Sir  Everard  Home,  and  was  surgeon,  1833  ; 
F.R.S.,  1810 ;  Ooplej  medallist,  1811,  for  papers  on  *  In- 
fluence of  Brain  on  Action  of  the  Heart '  and  *  Effects  pro- 
duced by  certain  Vegetable  Poisons ' ;  published  *  Disuses  of 
the  Joints,*  1818  ;  professor  of  comparative  anatomy  and 
physiology,  Royal  College  of  Surgeons,  1816;  attended 
CtoorgelV ;  sergeant-surgeon  to  WiUiam  IV,  1833,  and  sub- 
sequently to  Queen  Victoria ;  created  baronet,  1834 ;  presi- 
dent of  ROTal  Society,  1 868-61,  of  Royal  College  of  Surgeons, 
1844 ;  D.O.L.  Oxford ;  contributed  to  scientific  publioa- 
ttona.  [vL  878} 

l2 


BBODIE 


148 


BBOMLEY 


BSODIS,  Sir  BENJAMIN  OOLLINS.  the  yoanger 
(1817-1880X  chemist :  son  of  Sir  Benjamin  Oollins  Brodie 
(1783-1868)  [q.  ▼.]  ;  edooated  at  Harrow  and  Balliol  Ool- 
leere,  Oxfoxd ;  B.Am  1838 ;  profeuor  of  chemistry  at  Ox- 
foid,  186ft ;  president  of  Ohemioal  Society,  1869  and  1860  ; 
F.KS. ;  hon.  D.O.L.  Oxford,  1872.  His  most  important 
discovery  was  that  of  graphitic  acid.  [vi.  380] 

BEODDE,  DAVID  (1709  7-1787),  captain  royal  navy  ; 
lieutenant  in  navy,  1786 :  captain,  1748 ;  served  at  capture 
of  Port  Louis,  in  unsuoc^asf  ul  attempt  on  Santiago,  and  in 
battle  off  Havanna,  1748 ;  pensioned,  1763.        [vL  880] 

BBODIE,  QBOROE  (1786  7-1867),  historian ;  educated 
at  Bdinburgh  Universitv ;  member  of  Faculty  of  Advo- 
cates, 1811:  attacked  Stuarts  in  *  History  of  British 
Empire  from  Accession  of  Charles  I  to  Kestoration ' ; 
historiographer  of  Scotland,  1836.  [vL  881] 

BBODDS,  PETER  BELLINGER  (1778-1864),  con- 
veyancer ;- pupil  of  Oharles  Butler ;  called  to  bar  at  Inner 
IVmple,  1816 :  member  of  real  property  commission, 
1838,  assisting  largdy  in  drawing  up  its  reports :  published 
*  Treatise  on  a  Tax  on  Suooessiious  to  Real  and  Pergonal 
Property,*  1860.  [vL  381] 

BRODIE,  WILLIAM  {d,  1788),  burglar:  cabinet- 
maker in  Edinburgh,  and  one  of  ordinary  deacon  ooun- 
oillors  of  the  city :  assumed  leadership  of  a  gang  of  burg- 
lars, who  (1788)  broke  into  the  exdse  office,  Oanongate ; 
banged,  one  of  hlB  confederates  turning  king*s  evidence. 

[vi.88S] 

BBODIE,  WILLIAM  (1816-1881),  sculptor;  showed 
talent  for  modelling,  and  was  enabled  by  friends  to  study 
at  Trustees'  School  of  Design,  Edinburgh:  member  at 
Royal  Scottish  Academy,  1869,  and  secretary,  1876  ;  exe- 
cuted portrait  busts  of  contemporary  celebrities. 

[vL888] 

BBOSBIGK,  ALAN,  YncouNT  Midlbton  (1660  7- 
17S8),  Irish  statesman;  attainted  by  Irish  parliament  of 
James  n  as  a  supporter  of  William  of  Orange ;  king's  Ser- 
jeant, 1691;  solicitor-general  for  Ireland,  1696-1708; 
member  for  city  of  Oorkln  Irish  parliament,  1693 ;  speaker, 
1703 ',,  attorney-general  for  Ireland,  1707  ;  chief-justice  of 
queen's  boioh,  1710 :  dismissed  for  revolutionary  principles, 
1711 ;  again  member  for  city  of  Cork  and  spealrer,  1713  ; 
Imd  ohancdlor  of  Ireland,  1714-36 ;  made  Baron  Brodrick 
of  Midleton,  1716,  and  Viscount  Midleton,  1717.  [vL  383] 

BRODRIOE,  THOMAS  (d.  1769),  vice-admiral ;  en- 
tered navy,  c  1738 :  lieutenant,  1739  ;  served  at  Porto  BeUo, 
1789,  and,  as  commander,  at  Ourtagena,  1741 ;  in  Lee- 
ward Islands,  1744-8;  rear-admiral  in  Mediterranean, 
1766 :  vioe-admiral  (1769)  at  blockades  of  Toulon  and 
Oadiz.  [vL  384] 

BBOOEILL,    Babon    (1631-1679).       [See     Botlk, 

BOOKR.] 

BROOBAVS,  Sir  JOHN  (d.  iei3X  lawyer :  aotmnn 
reader  at  Gray's  Inn,  1676 ;  treasurer,  1680  and  1684 ; 
•ttomOT  for  duchy  of  Lancaster,  1680 :  counsel  to  Gam- 
bridge  University,  1681 ;  knighted  by  James  I ;  left  legal 
writings.  [tL  886] 

BROKE.    [See  also  Brook  and  Brookb.] 

BROKE  or  BROOKE,  ARTHUR  (d.  1668),  transUtor ; 
author  of  *  The  Tragicall  Historye  of  Romens  and  lulielt,* 
1663,  a  free  translation  from  the  French  version  of  Ban- 
ddlo's  Italian  story,  in  the  *  Histoires  Tragiqnes  *  (Paris, 
1669)  of  Pierre  Boaistuau  de  Launay  and  Belle-Forest. 
The  volume  is  the  source  whence  Shakespeare  drew  the 
plot  of  *  Romeo  and  Juliet.'  [vi.  886] 

BROKE,  Sir  PHILIP  BOWES  VBRE  (1776-1841), 
rear-admiral ;  educated  at  Royal  Naval  Academy,  Porte- 
mouth  dockyard ;  entered  navy,  1793 ;  served  in  Mediter- 
ranean ;  captein,  1801 ;  commanded  Shannon  on  coast  of 
Spitzliergen,  1807,  and  at  reduction  of  Madeira ;  engaged 
in  cruising  on  outbreak  of  American  war,  1818,  bringing 
his  crew  to  high  stete  of  proficiency ;  captured  American 
frigate  Ohesapeake  ;  received  Kvere  wound  and  returned 
to  England,  1813 ;  created  baronet,  1813 ;  K.G.B.,  1816 ; 
rear-admiral,  1880.  [vi.  886] 

BROKE  or  BROOKE,  Sm  BIOHABD  (d.  1639).  chief 
baron  of  exchequer;  double  reader  at  Middle  Temple, 
and  serjeant-at-Uw,  1610 ;  under  sheriff  and  (161 1-30)  re- 
corder of  London,  rq;)resentlng  city  in  several  parllamtntB ; 


judge  of  common  pleas  and  knight,  1690 ;  chief  Iwron  <£ 
exchequer,  1636.  [vL  388] 

BROKE  or  BROOKE,  Sir  ROBERT  (d.  1668Xfpeaker; 
B.A.  Oxford,  1631 ;  autumn  reader  at  Middle  Temple, 
1643 ;  double  reader,  1681 ;  common  Serjeant  and  (1646) 
reconler  of  London,  representing  city  in  several  pariia' 
mente ;  serjeant-at-law,  1663 ;  speaker  of  House  ox  Gam- 
mons, 1664 ;  chief -justice  of  conmum  pleas,  1664 ;  knighted* 
1666  ;  left  legal  works  (including  *  Abridgement'  of  year 
books  down  to  his  time)  published  posthumously. 

[VL889] 

BROKE  or  BROOK,  THOMAS  (/.  1660),  translator ; 
alderman,  chief  derk  of  exchequer  and  customer  of 
Galais ;  adopted  *  reformed '  opinions  and  endured  much 
persecution ;  imprisoned  in  the  Fleet,  1639  and  1640-f ; 
M.P.,  1639 ;  paymaster  of  Dover,  1649  ;  published  trano- 
lations  of  rdlgious  works,  including  the  preface  to  John 
Oalvin's  (Geneva  Book  of  Gommon  Prayer.         [vi.  890] 

BR0KE8BT  or  BROOKESBUT,  FRANGIS  a«S7- 
1714),  nonjnrlng  divine ;  fellow  of  Trinity  OoUege,  Oana* 
bridge;  B.D.,  1666;  rector  of  Rowley,  Yorkshire,  1670; 
deprived  for  refusing  oath  to  William  and  Mary,  1680 : 
chaplain  to  nonjurors  of  St.  John's  College,  Oxfoni,  1706 ; 
refused  oath  of  abjuration  on  death  of  James  n ;  pab> 
lished  rdigious,  antiquarian,  and  other  works,  [vi.  891} 

BROXE,  ADAM  de  (d.  1883),  founder  (13S4)  and 
first  provost  (1336)  of  Oriel  Gollege,  Oxford ;  chanceUor  of 
Durham,  1316.  [vL  89S] 

BROXE,  ALEXANDER  (1630-1666),  poet ;  attomcj: 
royalist  in  civil  war ;  published  dramatic  and  poetioal 
works,  and  edited  plays  by  Richard  Brome  [q.  v.],  and 
variorum  translation  of  Horace,  1666.  [vL  893] 

BROXE,  JAMBS  (d.  1719),  writer  of  travels  ;  vicar  of 
Newington,  1677 ;  chaplain  to  Ginque  ports ;  pobliabed 
books  of  English  and  continental  traveL  [vi  898] 

BROKE,  RIGHARD  (d.  1663  ?),  dramatist :  servant  to 
Ben  Jonson,  whose  friendship  he  afterwards  enjoyed; 
wrote  in  conjunction  with  Jonson's  eldest  son,  Benjamin, 

*  A  Fault  in  Friendship,*  a  comedy,  1633 :  subsequently 
wrote  plays  for  the  Globe  and  Blackfriars  (King's 
players),  and  the  Gockpit  in  Drury  Lane  and  Salisbury 
Oourt  in  Fleet  Street  (Queen's  playersX  and  other 
theatres ;  associated  with  Thomas  Heywooii  in  aatbor- 
ship  of  *Late  Lancashire  Witehes,'  printed  1684.  His 
works  (twenty-four  in  number)  include :  *  A  Jovial  Grew/ 
acted  1641,  printed  1663 ;  *The  Northern  Lass,'  printed 
1683  :  *  Queen  and  Goncubine,'  printed  1669,  and  *Qoeen*li 
Exchange,'  printed  1667,  hints  for  which  were  probably 
taken  from  Shakespeare's  *  Winter's  Tale,'  'Henry  VIII,* 

*  King  Lear,*  and  *  MacbeUi.'  Some  of  his  plays  may  be 
described  as  comedies  of  actual  life  after  the  model  of 
Jonson,  others  as  romantic  comedies.  The  two  specSes, 
however,  are  not  strictly  kept  asunder.  Ten  plays  wen 
published  under  the  care  of  Alexander  Brome  (no  rdatUm) 
fq.  ▼.]  [vi.  8«3] 

BROKE,  THOMAS  (d.  1380),  Garmellte  divine ;  DJ>. 
Oxford ;  prior  of  <GarmeIite  monastery  in  London ;  jno- 
vindal  in  England,  1363-79  ;  wrote  religiOQS  works. 

[vi.  897] 

BROMFIELO,  EDMUND  dk  (d.  1898),  bisbop  d 
Llandaff ;  monk  of  Benedictine  monastery.  Bury  St 
Edmunds ;  sent  to  Rome  as  public  procurator  for  Bene- 
diotine  order :  appointed  by  pope,  abbot  <rf  Burv  Sk 
Edmunds,  and,  on  arrival  in  England,  imprisoiMd  ten 
years  under  statute  of  Provisors;  bishop  of  Llandaff, 
1889.  [vi.  897] 

BROMFIELO,  WILLIAM  (1718-1793),  surgeon; 
surgeon  to  Lock  Hospital  (the  plan  of  which  he  formed 
with  Martin  Madan),  to  St.  George's  Hospital,  and  to 
George  IITs  queen ;  pubUsbed  surgical  works,    [vi.  808] 

BROMFIELO,  WILLIAM  ARNOLD  (1801-1861X 
botanist ;  M.B.  Glasgow,  1888 ;  travelle<l  in  many  parts  of 
the  world,  and  died  at  Damascus ;  made  oolleotioas  for 
flora  of  Isle  of  Wight,  published  1866.  [vi.  898] 

BROKHALL,  ANDREW  (/f.  1669),  divine ;  rector  of 
Maiden  Newton,  Dorsetehire ;  one  of  *  triers '  for  Dorset- 
shire, commissioned  to  eject  immoral  and  inefflcient 
ministers,  1668-4.  [vL  899] 

BROXLET,  HBNRT  (pseudonym;  (/.  1798).  [fiet 
WiLaoK,  Anthony.] 


149 


BBOOKE 


r,  JAIOBB  (1800-18S8X  menotint-engraTer ; 
o(  William  Bromley  (1769-1842)  [q.  t.]  ;  exhibited  at 
aaflolk  Gira*  GmOerj,  18S9-SS.  [vi.  399] 


JOHN  (d.  1717X  translator;  probably 
MJLOhrifllOborcfa,  Oxford,  1688;  otarate  of  St.  Giles's- 
ln-4h»-ndds;  Joined  Boman  catholic  charch ;  corrector 
at  pnm  tn  kteg^  prioting  boose ;  probably  translator  of 

(rf  the  OocmcU  of  Trent,'  1687. 

[vi.  899] 

em    RIOHARD    MADOX   (181S-1866X 

dvfl  arTaBt;  CDtered   admiralty   department  of   civil 

ecntary  to  commission  for  auditing  public 

1848 ;  dvil  O.Bm  1864 ;  aoooantant-general  of 

RoMian  war ;  K.GJ3.,  1868  ;  commissioner  of 

186S.  [vi.  399] 


r,  Bm  THOMAS  (d.  1666  ?X  judge ;  reader 
at  Inacr  Tempte,  16SS  and  1689 ;  king's  scojeant,  1640  ; 
jBdga  ot  king's  bench,  1644 :  oo  Edward  Vl*s  oomicil 
«C  Regency ;  impllrat<w1  in  Nortbomberland's  plot,  bat 
oesiMd  prniishmmt ;  chifef-jostioe  of  common  pleas, 
ISSS^  [VL4U0] 


r,  Sm  THOMAS  (lbdO-UB7\  lord  chan- 
edfor;  RX)JL.  Oxford,  1660;  antamn  reader  at  Middle 
Tanple,  1668;  xeoorder  of  London,  1666-9;  solicitor- 
pocraL,  1669 ;  treasorer  of  Inner  Temple,  1674 ;  lord 
duMeOor,  1679 ;  took  his  seat  in  House  of  Lords,  1688 ; 
praided  over  tvial  of  Mary  Qoeen  of  Soots,  1686. 

[vL400] 
BBOMUT,    VALENTINB    WALTER   (1848-1877), 
■inter;  associate  of  Institute  of   Painters   in  Water- 
uDloan  ;  oootriboted  to  *  Illastnted  London  News.' 

[vi,408] 
nOMIET,  WILLIAM  (1664-1788),  secretary  of 
Arte;  B^  (%rist  Cliarch,  Oxford,  1681 ;  travelled  on 
nstiBat  and  pablisbed,  1698  and  1708,  aoooonta  of  his 
tan :  knight  for  Warwickshire,  1689 ;  refused  allegiance 
to  WnUam  ni ;  MJ>.  for  Oxford  University,  1708-83 ; 
H&L,  1708;  qieaker  of  House  of  Onnmons,  171U; 
mmuj  of  sUte,  inS-4.  [vL  403] 

nOHUT,  WILLIAM  (1699?-1787),  politician; 
lOB  o(  William  Bromiqr  (1664-1788)  [q.  v.] ;  D.O.L. 
Oriel  CMkRe,  Oxford,  17S8 ;  M  J>.  for  borough  of  Warwick, 
im,  sad  for  Oxfbrd  University,  1787.  [vL  404] 

nOHUT,  WILLIAM  (176^-1848),  line-engraver; 
iMdate  engraver,  1819,  of  Royal  Academy,  where  he  ex- 
Mbited  between  1788  and  1848 ;  engraved  O.  J.  (Torbould's 
tevingB  of  Elgin  marbtea.  [vi.  404] 

nOMPTOV,  JOHN  (/.  1486).  supposed  chronicler ; 
iM»tof  Jorvaox,  1486 ;  possibly  author  of  cl  iron  iole  from 
enriBgof  St.  Angostine  to  death  of  Richarrl  L  [vi.  406] 

nOMPTOir,  RICHARD  (d.  1788),  portrait-painter ; 
AsUed  imder  Benjamin  Wilson  and  Raphael  Mengs; 
portrait-painter  to  Empress  of  Russia.  William  Pitt,  flrst 
cvlof  (niatbam,sattohim.  [vL  406] 

BOMBGBOyX,  RIOHARD  (d.  1435),  succeraively 
BKAk,  tatflzmarer,  and,  1418,  abbot  of  Benedictine  abb^ 
U  Ivediam.  [vt  406] 


E,  JOHN  DB  (/f.  1890),  Dominican  friar : 
«tQtifld  at  Oxford ;  lectored  on  thecdogy  at  Cambridge : 
oppovd  WycKfl^s  doctrines;  wrote  'Summa  Pnedi- 
csotinm '  (Noremberg,  i486).  [vi.  405] 

nOVTit  ANNE  (1880-1849).  authoress:  Kistrr  of 
Cbsriotte  Bronte  [q.  v.] :  trovunieM,  1839,  niut  after ; 
vroCe  rer^e,  and,  nmitT  tlic  p;tfetulou>'m  of  Acton  Bell, 
a«utttl  l*r  risters  in  *  Poeuis  by  Ciirrer,  EUi*,  ami  Acton 
BdK*  18M:  pubUHlufil  'Teiinnt  of  WUilfell  Hall'  and 
•  Affues  lirey,'  1848.  [vi.  406] 


CHARLOTTE,  afterwards  Nk'Hollh  (1816- 
1496),  novelist :  daughter  of  Patrick  Brontd  [q.  v.],  sister 
of  Emily  Jane  BroaVS  [q.  v.],  and  Anne  BrontS  [q.  v.];  edn- 
eatsd  at  a  school  for  clergymen's  daughters  at  Cowan's 
Bndffe,  and,  1H31-S,  at  Boehead,  where  she  taught,  1835-8 ; 
fMcsnesri,  1839  and  1841 ;  went«  in  1848,  with  Emily  BronUi 
to  «Cady  languages  at  a  school  at  Brussels,  where,  during 
184L  she  was  retained  ai  teacher ;  much  distressed  by  the 
vldooB  habits  of  ber  brother;  wrote,  bar  sisters  oo-operat- 
lag,a  volome  at  vene  entitled  *Poems  by  Cnrrer,  Ellis, 
and  Aetan  Bell.'  1846 ;  ber  *  Professor'  refused  by  Messrs. 
SmiUt  4t  Ekkr,  while  Emily's  *  Wotberlng  Heighto*  and 


Anne's  *  Agnes  Orey '  were  aocepted  in  1847  by  J.  Oantlsj 
Newby,  and  published  in  1848  ;  her  '  Jane  Eyre,'  accepted 
with  enthusiasm  by  Smith  dt  Elder,  1847,  achieved  imme- 
diate success.  Misff  Brontd  then  produced  *  Shirley,'  1849, 
and  *  Villette,'  1863,  both  uuder  the  pseudonym  of  Currer 
BelL  The  secret  of  authorship,  which  by  1849  bad  become 
transparent,  was  in  that  year  openly  abandoned.  8he 
married,  in  1864,  her  father's  curate,  the  Rev.  A.  B. 
Nicholls.  Her  *  I'rofessor '  appeared  posthumously  in  1867, 
and  'Emma,'  a  fragment,  in  the  *(}omhiIl  Magazine,* 
1860.  [vi.  406] 

BSOVTE,  EMILY  JANE  (1818-1848),  authorm; 
sister  of  Charlotte  Brontti  [q.  v.]  :  assisted  her  sisters  in 
'Poems  by  Currer,  Ellis,  and  Acton  Bc^'  1846,  using  pseudo- 
nym of  Ellis  Bell ;  regarded  by  some  as  the  ablest  of  the 
sisters ;  pnblished  '  Wutheriug  Hdghts,*  1848.  [vL  406] 

BBOHTS,  PATRICK  (1777-1861),  author  and  per- 
petual onrateof  Haworth,  Yorkshire, from  1880  till  death ; 
bom  in  oo.  Down  of  parents  named  Prunty;  RA.  St. 
John's  College,  Cambridge,  1806;  was  father  of  Anne, 
Charlotte,  Emily  Jane  Bronte,  and  four  other  children,  all 
of  whom  he  survived.  [vL  406] 

BSOVTE,  PATRICK  BRANWBLL  (1817-1848X 
brother  of  Charlotte  Bronti!  [q.  v.] ;  clerk  on  the  Leeds 
and  Mancliester  railrond ;  disniitwed  for  culpable  uegli- 

Sxtce,  1843;  private  tutor,  1843-6;   took  to  opium  and 
ed  of  consumption.  [vL  406] 

BROOK.    [See  also  Brukk  and  Brooke.] 

BBOOK,  ABRAHAM  (A  1789),  bookaeUer  of  Nor- 


wich ;  published  work  on  physics,  1789. 


[vL  418] 


BBOOK,  Sm  BASIL  (1676-1646  ?X  royalist :  knighted, 
1604 ;  committed  to  Tower  by  House  of  Commons,  1644 : 
imprisoned  in  King's  Bench,  1645 ;  translated  from  French 
'  Entertainments  for  Lent.'  [vi.  418] 

BBOOK,  BENJAMIN  (1776-1818),  nonconformist 
divine ;  studied  at  Rotherham  College ;  congregationalist 
minister  at  Tntbury,  StafTordshire,  1801-30 ;  member  of 
educational  board  of  SpringhiU  (Tollege,  opened  1888; 
wrote  on  history  of  religious  liberty.  [vi.  414] 

BROOK,  CHARLES  (1814-1878),  philanthropist; 
partner  in  banking  and  cotton-spinning  firm  of  Jonas 
Brook  Brothers,  at  Melton ;  spent  large  sums  of  moncgf 
in  promoting  welfare  of  his  workpeople.  [vi.  414] 

BROOK,  DAVID  (of.  1568X  judge ;  reader  at  Inner 
Temple,  1684  and  1540;  treasurer,  1640;  serjeant-at-law, 
c  1547 ;  received  coif,  1547 ;  king's  Serjeant,  1551 ;  lord 
chief  barcm  of  exchequer,  1558.  [vL  414] 

BROOKBAHK,  BR00K8BAHK,  or  BR00KB8- 
BAHKB,  JOSEPH  (b.  1618),  minister  and  schoohnaster ; 
B.A.  Brasenoee  College,  Oxford;  minister  at  West 
Wycombe,  Buckinghamshire,  c.  1648;  minister  and 
schoohnaster  in  Jerusalem  Omrt,  Fleet  Street,  1654 ;  pub- 
lished educational  and  religious  works.  [vi.  416] 

BROOKE.    [See  also  Broke  and  Brook.] 

BROOKE,  Baronh.  [See  GRRViLiJt,  Sir  Fcijck,  flrst 
Baron,  1554-1638;  Qreville,  Robert,  liecond  Baron, 
1608-1648.] 

BROOKE,  Sir  ARTHUR  (1778-1843),  lieutenant- 
general;  ensign,  44t)i  regiment,  1793;  in  West  Indies, 
1795-8:  in  Kg>'pt.  1801:  lieutenant-colonel,  1804:  com- 
niiinduil  44th  in  gnrrtKon  at  Malta,  1804-18 :  colonel,  1813 ; 
in  Spain,  IHl.S :  (Mt. ;  M-rveil  in  United  States ;  governor 
of  Yiinnouth :  colonel  of  Hdth  regiment  and  K.O.B.,  1833 ; 
lieutenant-general,  lH:i7.  [vi.  416] 

BROOKE,  Sir  AUTHUH  hk  CAPELI^  (1791-1H5HX 
baronet ;  M.A.  Magdalen  (Allege,  Oxford,  1816  ;  entered 
army  and  (1846)  became  major ;  spent  many  years  in 
foreign  travel ;  originated  and  was  president  of  Raleigh 
Club,  which  became  merged  in  Royal  (Geographical  Society ; 
M.R.S. ;  pnblished  works  of  traveL  [vi.  417] 

BROOKE,  CHARLES  (1777-1853),  Jesuit  from  1818; 
provincial,  1886-83 ;  superior  of  Stonj hurst  College;  col- 
lected materials  for  history  of  English  provinoe. 

[vi.  417] 

BROOKE,  CHARLES  (1804-1879),  surgeon  and  in- 
ventor ;  educated  at  Rugby  and  St.  John's  College,  Cam- 
bridge; B.M.,  1888;  M.A.,  1858;  studied  medicine  at 
St.  Bartholomew's  Hospital ;  M.O.8.,  1834 :  VX)JB^  1844 ; 


in  laiffioti  (US  ot   Uetropontiui  Free   Hnpltnl   tnd 

ncordlug    molfgnitdtfkcal    laitramBitt,   and    publiehed 
reltgioia  and  MiaitlBo  worta.  [n.  *I7] 

1 ;  ddii^h' 
publishul 

irlglnjil  chrtr-icUr  with  CruialAtioiit  ta  BogliHb  Tervc)i 
17SS,  ami  other  worka.  [vL  41S] 

SaOOXE.  CRtilSTOPHEB  (rf.  ItIB),  poet:  studied 
1,  Draytou.  and 


Gbwl 


appended  to 

BEOOEL,  — 

urtter:  n^i- Oolepoper ; 


B-ahepbtanl'iPlpe,' 

lTi.«l)l 
L*UY  (1801-lflBS),  reUgkKU 
itd  Sit  Robert  BroDke.  I«!IV. 

,.«^^««»   ..-— .,-^—-1*  writings  Appeared  po«t- 

hamoiBlJ.  ["t-  *W] 

BROOXZ,  Mita.  FBANOBS  (l/H-nsej.  nathoia*; 

n^  Moore ;  oooduoUd  WKklr  |wriad!c«l  csllod  '  Tbe  Uld 

Matd.'  17(i:  marrtai,  r. ""    '-'-  " — '"■   "" 

tsotor  of  Ooljiey,  Nortoll 

Qitcbw.  wLSther  Cbe  poti  t^uub  . 

publiilnd  'VlndnW  u  trHrHl}-,  1 


cluplaln  U 


!.  QBORaB  (Ute-lva),  a 
vc  CunBildEo,  UW.  irr'- 
dlsBppaiiited  of  maMenfalp  ol  boapfta 
Wlnoiiaiter,  pi — ' — '  ■•'—  ■—  ""--■•■ 


,    .  VAnoHAN   fiais-iiMO), 

Druj  Laao,  iW ;  plaraa  atteUo  irlth  aucona  at  Oljwplr. 
IMi,  and  biTiag  uHuel  ai  Riohard  III,  Bbjlodi,  Vlr- 
IliilDi,  Hamlrt,  and  Bmlin,  BDOBBtqU}'  Id  Dotted  Stsba 


bttu  Lnstjinited  u 
acoordbiirlj  aliio  a 


V  York,  IBII,  and,  later.  In 
ned  at  wa.  [tI.  Vi3] 

IKRY.  olgbtb  Bmov  ClOBMAU  (d.  IBIS), 
■—  ••f  Oeorg*  Brooke  [q.  v.);  friend 
ilr  Robert  Ooll.  wlio  marrlal  bta 

•1  ana)  tor  aKDpUclIy  in  'Uaio'  plot  lo 
■    -       ■  ■    ■     d  tbatlTlaa 


.1  ally  ol  I 


r  Waller  RalKli.   slio  na 


:  (ellow 


I:  tdloi 


w  ediwatol). 


BROOXE,  HBHHY  JAUBS  (\77l-ie6T),  oyitaDo- 

yarLOiu  boaincafU ;  coUi'cIid  mlaemla ;  FAlJi,  1816! 
F.US.,  IHIX :  F.it^  ISIV:  pobUibed  'lotradunion  la 
CrjaiaUography,'  1B3S.  [tL  073 

BKOOKX,  UDHPBREY  (lel7-leaa).  phjv'ciwi; 
U.U.  St.  Jobn't  OoUUfc.  Oiford.  USB  ;  P.O.F.,  1474  :  neo- 
eor ;  publiabol  mcdioal  aud  otber  WTitloBa.       [li.  437] 

BSOOKZ,  etn  JAUlie  (18og-leas),  t^jt  of  tersnk ', 
bom  at  BeoanH ;  educated  at  KoruricOi ;  na  away  frDoi 
ntaoal.iuid  w  made  cadet  of  lofantry  Id  Bengal.  clfllS  ; 
BBTod  la  Uuniia  war,  WDondid  and  inTaUdnl  bome; 
ralEDid  Eait  India  OHnpaoy'i  ■ErriDO,  lUO:  mad* 
ToyagB  Ui  pritatc  tohooni  lo  Borneo,  1S38,  and,  pro- 
DMdlng  to  Eartwak,  wai  reeelred  ooniteniaEy  bj  Uoda 
Hasaim,  anola  of  the  Uali^  iDlCaa  of  firund^  ilba  'wwmin*! 
ruler  of  tlie  whole  Uaod ;  niTialted  Sarawak,  IMD,  tvok 


polar   Fyitem  of  forced   tfade;   pe 
ig  Malaya,  Dayika,  an ' 


.      .  Dthertribea^  Bonuaa  Hat: 

rueJIy  and  illegal  oouduoi  biougiit  agalnat 
blm,  but  found  by  a  gorcnuneut  comMiuiDn  of  innvirj 

IM7;    boij.  D.d^Uilonl:   X.C.B.':    BHUab  oommis- 

Labuui;  diuUy  li^JtSHrlHuk.  IsSi.  [vi  UH} 


OoUegc,  GoidbridgB.  It 


S  (d.  1(89X  II 


aslntor:  B.A.  Triidty 


BXOOEE,  RALPH 

CollDgc  of  Anna,  IMU;  York  benld.  lasa;  pobUaheJ, 

^Bntannin'  (1601  j,  whicb  occai^ned  a  biltiiroontrvreru' 
witb  Canalin  and  ViDDCDt.  Bnnke'i  -  Oataiogae  ot  BimUili 
Unge,  pijuds,  and  peen.' appuind  lu  KIS.       [tLISI] 

BBOOKE.  lUCHARS  (I7Bl-18elJ,  autlquaiy  :  nli- 
sllor  at  Liverpool ;  member  of  Sodecy  of  Auliqaarics  and 
of  cOLmcil  of  Liyerpool  Lilfrary  aud  Philoaopldcal  So- 
ciety 1  pnbliabed  antiquarian  writing  cliliifly  icUting  lo 
Engllab  baiUcflciilji  of  the  BlteenUi  oimtur;.      [vL  iitl 

BSOOSS.   HOBKRT  (d.   18M7X  Boremor  ol  St. 
■— - '—      -  -    —  ■    -  ' of  But  Imlia 


Helena ;  enrign  oa  Bengal  eitabtlfbrneut 
Company,  1704 ;  labvUnUve  caplaiu. 
against  Oonlm  All,  Booiaii  Dowlah,  — -'  "- 
17a» ;  ooilodor  of  Conti ;  nrved  In 


leveloplngi 
r,  fiiUng  • 


.  nnn,  CD.  nuai 
ntou  uvnufocture.  tbr 
loimendaUj,  17117;  govt 


,    .-alilre,  1730-67;  paWitbod  -Baaay 

eouoeming  ObriiUoo  iVaciublirnui '  (1741}  and  atber 
writlnsa.  C*^  414] 

BSOOEE,  HBKRT  (17(>3F-I783),  aulhar :  educata] 
at  Ttlnin  Oo11(«e.  Diiblbi :  atodleil  at  T^malc.  London : 
pabllebed,  1736,  apoma  called  *  UniTeraal  Beauty,'  said 
to  baie  luml.l   '   ' — '  -  -    '-   —--'-■-    ■'■-  -■- 


•e^uenUy  ai'led  In  Dulilln.  wbenotberdia ..._  , 

by  hbn  were  produced :  etttled  In  Dublb],  e.  1740 ;  con- 
iribnlol  to  Bd>var4  Mooce'i  >  Fables  for  ftmale  Sei,' 
pnbllalxd  1744;  bamck-mailer  at  Dublbi.i.  U4t:  em-  I 
ploytd  by  Irljb  Koiium  catliollc!  to  advooalo  publicly  [ 

'  Tn-ii  0(°C»°«  ol   Roman   (STtbolicfi,-  U81 
■Juliet  Orenillle,' a  a(»tl,i;i4.    AnoliUouDi  ait  worm 
was  iaaoed  by  hli  dangbter,  ObarioKe  Brooke  [q.  v.], 
17M.  (tL  494] 

BAOOKI,  BBNRY  (17n-lsae>,  painter ;  hMorlcal 
paisler  in  Lsolon,  1731-1 ;  labseqiiciiay  mst  with 
peciiDlaiT  milAmiMnwnta.  [vL  417] 


BKOOXS,  SAUURL(if.  1S3t).niBrterof  1 

&  Cambridge;  bnitberof  Oliriitoplier  Bnn 
.  Tdnity  College.  Oainbridm,  1IU4  :  B 
cbapbdn  lo  Henry,  ptliice  of  Wales,  ami  intjK 
James  1  ami  Cliarlpa  1 ;  profeMOf  of  ditiolt; 
Collage,  141S-39:  rector  of  St.  Marmrtt'i, 
'undoD,  IBIS;  iucoipoistol  UJ).  Oiford,  Ifl; 
Trbilty  OoHege,  Oaalbridge,  IBM;  wrole  I 
and  rdigioui  trcaClEcs. 


BBOTTaHAM 


[tL«4] 
A(i;al-lg»).*aiiUiiiiln:  itudled 


.  HBNUy    (1B0S-1W4), 

L.  Trinity  OoUcpe.  OunhtidiK.  IKM;  curate 

It,  Late'i.  Bcrvlrk  ^tnec  IHll :  liwpector  ul  (oboola, 
to  ordinary  to  Qwieti  TLctoriiL  [tL  ^A] 


-_  J.  OHARliffi  (Wn-IIH),  muiU!  pall 

slIlaB3]T  itdp  MjjitfT  At  Deptford;   bticanid   natti 

l^ta  at  tem-viBem.  [it  IJ 

nOQU.  CHARLBfl  WILLIAV  SEIKLKY  (I 

1P41.  sUtor  Bl  •  Punrb ' ;   irljclsl  u  loUdlor ;   pi 

-   "av  SDeli«y>  cuuniDiUtn,  IBM;    pi 

m  to  *  Uomtnfl  Cbrmlolc.^  whlali  joi 


_ . i  •t«JI   Ol  'PODCL,' 

"■wrltHrtliig   luda'    Bi^iutare   ^  Erriourtu    BDioudiu ' ; 
■DBD.Itnt:  F-SJU  18TI  IpiibUibcd  mtokI  novelii,  Ont- 

nOOZB,FZBDINAKD(l»»iT-]«U).    [S»  OUEKX, 


noou.  THOU  AS  (iw<-<«x('>- 

pEivatAl  at  EmmuiQcl  Colkvc.  Oncil^ 
KmiiboTDiigb,  Adinirfti  of  PhrEtouHmtai 
U  ^  Mannivt'i.  )^b  BtTH.'t  HiU,  161 
^OQ'iiiufld  EuialAto  in  ■  tjuilillng  In  Uod 


.    RIOHARD  <j(.  1«H),  mc 
:  worked  Ln  Bd^UivI  ant  flahHqiiaitly  La  L'jirlit, 
iL-pljitagaiiialUoisliighrcitauiUou.   [tI.MU] 
MK.  EBBBERT  <1M£.IWi«),  lent 
U  Tlinltf  DoU^c  OiUDtiri.1^,  IHsr  ; 

.1 .. f 1.  '-."-— ■-"■■-siicgalWDrto 

[rt-MU] 
£[■    FttEDERIOK   NAPTGH  (ia41-1S0tX 


pobuli 

OQlAm,  jplrltoalLiim,  and  popoUr  eduoatloa.    (irL  4U3 
I,  JOaXTU  (lIHl-ISf;).  parUamantuir 


r   (IWU-IUHK      [Bm 


alM  M  b4r  at  Inner  Toiple,  law ;  pi 


aXQOanSLD.  MATTBSW  (jt.  lUO),  Wel^L  .  . 
left  intki  In  nunuKTipt.  Ct  Ml] 

IK0T3OKS.  RIOU&RD  ([T1T-IK9().  FnthilKiiut: 
tan  It  PIbccdUs.  HswfouDdlaDd :  itudlcd  at  Wculwicb 


[Ti,4«] 

BKOnOB,  BOI(BRTBABNAIIAS(IMS'IMii).wT'-  -- 
said  to  have  praotLvl  om  portmlb-polut  -  '    " 
Kt  oil  fool  'LlTerpool  Lion.'  vp-i^y  flwujuAi  juurruii 
wrott'  alone,  ot  En  coujUDctiDD  with  bU  brotlwr,  WLIIbun 
llroogh  (IfSe-IHIuj  [q.  T.].  wrtea  oI  tKirleaiiH^  pbLjiMl 

BSOirOH,  WILLIAM  ('/.ISZIhdam  ur  Olouoatcr: 
ILL.  OUiiafB  CoUcKe,  Caial>nilKe.  1«I7:  D.U.,  UU ; 
cbaplabi  to  the  king;  canon  o(  WUuUgr.  1<1I8;  eiCQtsd  b; 

ao.  Oifonl.  1EIS;  pnbUibol  reU^oiu  worki.  tvLMS] 

BSOHGH.  WILLIAU  II89B-IH7(I).  joamatirt  awl 
uplhor:  brotbcr  ol  RobiTt  Damabai  llrgiii{h  [q.  T.J,  witb 
uiboui  hi-  will  aajocUiloJ  lu  dranulio  piiicai,       [yi.  41K] 

SBODOHAK,  HENHY  (lili»-1fiD8>,  dlvliic:  M.A. 
Quogu'a  College,  (lilord,  IBHK;   prebemiiry  o(  Uucola. 

'dcuulne  RemaEti*'  nl  Dr.  Rurlour,  Late  blubopof  IJucoJa, 
putilltbal  by  tilr  Fctcr  IVtt.  UiS,  Barlov  lia<rbig  [cTt  bJa 
remaiui  to  Rronghun  ani  WllUani  OBIiy, «  oooUtlon  of 
tbelr  not  making  tbem  pobUc.  [tI.  MB) 

BKODOSAX,  HENRY  FKTBH,  Bjihos  BRDDOHia 
AUD  Villi  (1778-1808).  lord  chuioeUDr ;  cduoatrf  at  high 
KhDoland  nnlTmilty,  Bdlnbnrah;  poHvd  adrocate.  1800 ; 
went  Do  wntLern  circuit;  lolno!.  1803.  (oiinden  at 
■Blinburgh  Rcilcw.'  contrlbutinir  thrne  arllcia  In  tba 


alloTMy-genera! ;  iidlal 


olu  tliv  bar.  1)13(1 ;  ddeodgd 
^  i>cr  trial,  ItfSU  ;  ni^ol  prrvmiaait 
ot  tbc  Holy  Alllaoce  In  Knrope,  IBM  ; 

Olosiivw  Unlvonlty.  IBSS;  bnngbt 
?  at  lav  rvlorm,  vlJcb  was  Decagon 

Tork- 

hii^Uam  ami  Vau 


153 


BBOWEIilj 


eoDflderable  tanproTanente  in  coart  of  chaaoery,  ths 
abolltioo  of  ooort  of  delegates,  the  sabetltation  for  it  of 
jadioial  oommtttoe  of  privy  ooancil,  and  inatitation  of 
the  central  criminal  ooort:  brooght  in  a  bankmptcy 
'|>iU  which  eventnally  became  basis  of  a  statute ;  pnblislied 
•Obserratlons  on  Edaoation  of  the  People,'  18S6 ;  formed 
Society  for  Diffosion  of  Useful  Knowledge,  18S5 :  founded 
London  University,  1828:  made  celebrated  speech  on 
second  reading  of  Reform  Bill,  18S1 ;  lost  office  on  dis- 
missal of  Lord  Melbourne's  government,  1834 ;  advocated 
hmnediate  abolition  of  slavery,  1838 ;  sat  constantly  in 
supreme  court  of  appeal  and  in  judicial  committee  of 
privy  council ;  strenuously  opposed  rq>eal  of  navigation 
acts,  1849 :  president  of  Social  Science  Association,  1867 
and  1860-4:  chancellor  of  Edinburgh  University.  I860: 
received  second  patent  of  peemge,  with  remainder  to 
his  brother  William  and  his  heirs  nude,  1860,  in  recog- 
nition of  servioes  in  cause  of  education  and  suppression  of 
slavery;  hon.  D.O.L.  Oxford:  F.R.S.  His  critical,  his- 
torical, and  miscellaneous  writings  were  publisheil  under 
his  own  direction  in  -a  collected  edition,  11  vols.,  1865-61. 
His  works  include  '  An  Enquiry  into  the  Colonial  Policy  of 
European  Powers,'  S  vols.  18U3,  *  Historical  Sketches  of 
Statesmen  in  time  of  George  lit*  1839-43,  *  Demostlienes 
upon  the  Grown,  translated,'  1810,  and  *  Ufe  and  Times 
of  Lord  Brougham,'  written  by  himself,  published  post- 
humously, 3  vols.,  1871.  [vL  448] 

BROUOHAK,  JOHN  (1814-1880),  actor  and  drama- 
tist: educated  at  Trinity  College,  Dublin ;  stndied  sur- 
gery at  Peter  Street  Hospital ;  appeared  at  Tottenham 
Street  Theatre,  1830,  and  at  the  Olympic,  1831 ;  manager 
ot  Lyceum,  1&40  ;  went  to  New  York  and  managed  suc- 
cessively Park  Tlieatre,  Niblo's  Qarden,  Brougham's 
Lyceum,  uid  Bowery  Tlieatre:  in  England,  1860-6; 
returned  to  America;  acted  at  Winter  Qarden  Theatre, 
1865 :  manager  of  Brougham's,  1869 ;  subsequently  con- 
nected with  several  stock  companies  ;  died  at  New  York ; 
wrote  many  dramatic  pieces.  [vL  458] 

BROTJOHAM,  WILLIAM,  second  Barok  Brougham 
AXD  Vaux  (1795-1886).  brother  of  Henry  Peter,  first  baron 
[q.  v.]  ;  B. A.  Jesus  C<dlege,  Cambridge,  1819 ;  M.P.  for 
Southwark,  1831-5 ;  master  in  chancery,  1835-40. 

[vi.  467] 

BBOTIOHTOV,  Baron  (1786-1869).  [See  Hobhouse, 
John  Cam.] 

BROTIOHTOV,  ARTHUR  (d.  1808  ?),  botanist :  M.D. 
Edinburgh,  1779;  8<>ttled  in  Jamaica,  where  he  died; 
published  medical  and  botanical  works.  [vi.  459] 

BEOUGHTOV,  HUGH  (1549-1613),  divine  and  rabbi- 
nical scholar ;  B.A.  Magdalene  College,  Cambridge,  1570; 
successively  fellow  of  St.  John's  and  Christ's  colleges; 
prebendary  and  reader  in  divinity  at  Durham;  published 
*  A  Concent  <rf  Scripture,'  1588,  in  which  lie  attempted  to 
settle  the  scripture  chronology ;  in  Germany,  e.  1590-1  and 
1593-1603:  published  at  Middlebnrg  *An  Epistle  to  the 
learned  Nobilitie  of  England,  touching  translating  the 
Bible  from  the  Original,'  1597 ;  publishal,  1599,  '  Explica- 
tion *  of  article  respecting  Olirist's  descent  bito  hell,  main- 
taining that  hades  was  place  not  of  torment  but  of  de- 
parted souls ;  hi  England,  1603 ;  preacher  to  English  con- 
giregation,  Middlebarg,  1604-11 :  satirised  by  Ben  Jonson. 
His  works,  which  include  versions  of  the  prophets,  were 
collected  by  Dr.  John  Lightfoot  and  published,  1662. 

[vi.459] 

BROUOHTOV,  JOHN  (1705-1789),  pugiUst :  attached 
himself  as  *  public  bruiiwr '  to  Gkorge  TaylOT's  booth  hi 
Tottenham  Ooort  Road  :  joined  yeoman  of  guard  :  esta- 
blished theatre  for  boxing  in  Han  way  Street,  1743  :  beaten 
by  Shiok,  1760.  [vi.  462] 

BBOUOHTOV,  RICHARD  (f/.  1634),  Roman  catholic 
historian;  stodied  at  Oxford  and  at  Engli.««h  college, 
Rbeims  ;  prietit,  1593  :  joined  catholic  mission  in  England ; 
vicar-general  to  Dr.  Smith,  bishop  of  Oaloedon.  His  works 
Include  'The  Eccleshistical  Historie  of  Great  Brittaine* 
(Douay,  1633).  [vL  463] 

BROTIOHTOV,  SAMUEL  DANIEL  (1787-1837),  army 
surgeon :  stndied  at  St.  Ctoorge^s  Hospital ;  assistant-sur- 
geon, Snd  life  guards,  1813 ;  served  as  additional  snrgeon, 
with  temporary  rank,  in  Peninsula,  and  South  of  France, 
and  at  Waterloo ;  surgeon,  1831 :  F.R.S. ;  F.GJ^  ;  pnblislied 
letters  relatUig  to  campaigning  experiences.      [vi.  463] 


BROlTGHTOV,  THOMAS  (1704-1774X  divine ;  ado- 
oated  at  Eton  and  Oon viUe  and  Oains  College,  Oambridge : 
M.A. ;  vicar  of  Bedminster,  near  Bristol,  1744 ;  prebendary 
of  Salisbury;  published  biographical  and  miscella neons 
works,  including  *  Dictionary  of  Religions,'  1743,  and  a 
translation  of  *  Don  Quixote,'  with  the  name  of  Jarvis, 
who  had  been  unable  to  brinig  the  work  to  a  snoceaafol 
issue,  prefixed.  [vL  464] 

BROUOHTOV,  THOMAS  (1713-1777).  divine ;  fellow, 
Exeter  College,  Oxford,  1784  ;  B.A.,  1787;  joined  methodisti; 
curate  at  Tower  of  London,  1786 :  lecturer  at  St.  Helen'i, 
Bishopflgate  Within,  and  (1741)  at  Allhallows,  Lom- 
bard Street :  secretary  of  Society  for  Promoting  Christian 
Knowledge,  1743-77;  hdd  livhoig  of  Wotton,  Snrrqr, 
1752-77  ;  published  sermons.  [vL  464] 

BROTIOHTOV,  THOMAS  DUBR  (1778-1885),  writer 
on  India ;  cadet  on  Bengal  establishment,  1795 ;  lieu- 
tenant on  Madras  e^stablishment,  1797 ;  colond,  1839 ; 
published  writings  on  India  and  sdectioos  from  Hindoo 
poetry.  ,  [vL  465] 

BROUOHTOV,  WILLIAM  GRANT  (1788-1 85SX 
divine;  clerk  in  East  India  House,  1807-13;  entered 
Pembroke  Hall,  Cambridge,  1814 ;  M.A.,  1823 ;  DJ)., 
1886;  chaplain  to  Tower  of  London,  1828,  and,  later, 
archdeacon  of  New  South  Wales;  bishop  of  Australia, 
1836;  bishop  of  Sydney  and  metropolitan  of  Austnl- 
asia,  on  subdivision  of  dioc«se  of  Australia,  1847 ;  pnb- 
lished  writings  relating  to  authorship  of  '  EucwKBoo-iAun^,* 
and  other  works.  [vL  465] 

BROUOHTOV, WILLIAM  ROBERT (1768-1831),  navy 
captain  :  employed  on  survey  of  Columbia  river,  c.  1790 ; 
on  north-Mrest  coast  of  America,  e.  1794  :  made  survey  of 
coast  of  Asia,  1794-8 ;  captain,  1797 ;  held  conunand  in 
Lord  Ganibier's  expedition,  1809 ;  at  reduction  of  Mau- 
ritius, 1810;  took  charge  of  expedition  to  Java,  1811; 
C.B. ;  died  at  Florence ;  published  aooounts  of  his  voyages 
and  surveys.  [vi.  466] 

BROTTK.    [See  Brown  and  Browxr.] 

BROUK,  JOHN  ALLAN  (1817-1879).  magneticiaii 
and  meteorologist;  educated  ab  Edinburgh  Unlveraity; 
director  of  mai^etic  observatory  at  Makerstoun,  1S42-9, 
the  results  of  his  ob!>ervation»  forming  vols.  zvU-xix. 
of  *  Transactions  of  Uoj-al  Society  of  Edinburgh*  (1S45- 
1850):  director  of  Trevandrum  Magnetic  Obeervatony, 
1853 ;  built  observatory  on  Agu^tia  Malley,  the  highest 
peak  of  Travancore  Ghats ;  left  India,  1865 ;  lived  sue* 
cessively  at  Lausanne  and  Stuttgart,  and  came  to 
London,  1878  ;  aided  by  grrant  from  Royal  Society,  onder- 
took  to  complete  reducti(m  of  magnetic  otieervations 
made  at  colonial  stations  ;  M.R.S.,  1853.  Published  re- 
ports on  Makerstoun  and  Trevandrum  observatories.  Bt 
discovered  that  the  earth  loses  or  gains  magnetic  inten- 
sity not  locally,  but  as  a  whole,  and  that  great  magnetic 
disturbances  proceed  from  particular  solar  meridians. 

[vL  467] 

BROUK,  Sir  RICHARD  (1801-1858).  miscellaneous 
writer :  succeeded  to  the  baronctry,  1844 ;  wrote  pam- 
phlets, articles,  and  letters  regarding  many  solienies,  of 
which  '  The  London  Necropolis  and  National  Maoaoleum 
at  Woking,'  1849,  is  the  most  notable.  [vL  469] 

BROUVOKRR,  HENRY,  third  Viscount  Brounckbr 
(d.  1688),  courtier ;  brother  of  William  Brouucker,  second 
viscount  Bnxtncker  [q.v.]  ;  M.D.  Oxford,  1646:  ocmunis- 
sioner  of  trade  and  plantations,  1671.  [vL  470] 


BROUKCKER  or  BROTJITKER,  WILLIAM,  second 
VwouNT  BuousrKKR  of  Oastle  Lyons  in  Irish  peerage 
(1630  V-1684),  first  president  of  the  Koj-al  Soc«iety  ;  M.D. 
Oxford.  1647 ;  fln<t  to  introduce  continued  fractions  and 
to  give  a  series  for  quadrature  of  a  portion  of  the  equi- 
lateral hyperbola ;  original  member  of  Royal  Society,  1663, 
and  first  president,  1663-77 ;  president  of  Gresham  Col- 
lege, 1664-7  :  chancellor  cf  Queen  Catiieriue,  1662 ;  com- 
missioner for  executing  office  of  lonl  high  admiral,  1664  ; 
master  of  St  Catherine's  Hospital,  1681.  [vi.  469] 

BROWELL,  WILLIAM  (1769-1881),  navy  captain: 
lieutenant,  1778 :  served  at  Toulon,  1794  ;  captain,  17M : 
flag-captatu  under  Lord  Hugh  Seymour  at  battle  off 
Lorient,  1795 ;  one  of  oiptaius  of  Greenwich  Hospital, 
1805,  and  lieatenant-goveiiior,  1809-31.  [vu  471  ] 


BROWN 


153 


BROWN 


BOWV,  OHARLBS  (d.  1753),  naral  officer ;  entered 
tte  navy  oboat  1693  ;  leceiTed  hia  first  command,  1709 ; 
icrrad  in  the  Baltic  aod  the  Mediterranean  ;  diatinguuhed 
Umadf  at  Portobdloy  1739 ;  oommiasioner  of  the  xMry  &i 
Chatham,  1741.  [vii.  1] 


tend. 


,  OHABLBS  AAMITAOE  (1786-184S),  friend 

;  in  btuinefla  at  St.  Petemburg  till  181U ;  inherited 

,  aiid  devoted  bimaelf  to  literature ;  met 

I  September,  1 817 ;  travelled  with  him  in  Scot- 

1818,  and  made  him  an  inmate  of  liia  hoaw  at 
till  ia2U ;  in  Italy,  1883-36  ;  lectured  on  Keata 
aataapeare ;  went  to  New  Zealand,  1841.  From  him 
teamed  Arioata  His  papers  aboat  Keats  were  of 
to  Lord  Hoogbton  bi  his  life  of  the  poet.  He 
a  work  on  the  personal  interpretation  of  Sliake- 
!*s  aomiet^  1838.  l^iL  1] 


OELAKLBS  PHILIP  (1798-1884),  Telugu 
scholar ;  son  of  David  Brown  (1763-1812)  [q.  v.]  ;  entered 
Maflxas  civil  service,  1817 ;  postmaster-general  aud 
Tdoga  translator  to  the  Madras  government,  1846-56  ; 

Ealemor  of  Teiogn  in  University  Oolite,  London  ;  pab- 
bed  Tdnga  granunar,  dictionary,  and  reader,  and  other 
liagmstlc  works.  [viL  3] 

BEOmr,  DAVID  (/.  1795),  landscape-painter; 
pnated  copiea  of  Qemge  Morland's  works  ;  exhibited  at  the 
Bejil  Academj,  1799-7 ;  taogbt  drawing  in  the  country. 

[vii.  8] 
nOWV,  DAVID  (1763-1812),  Bengal  chaplain  ;  edu- 
eUal  St  Oambridge :  went  to  Oalcutta,  1786  ;  zealous  in 
the  cause  of  miasions.  [vii.  3] 

nomr,  ford  MADOX  (I82I-I8O3),  painter :  born 
it  GaUs ;  studied  art  at  Bruges,  Qheut,  and  Antwerp  : 
exhibited  *Tbe  Giaour's  Ckmfession'  at  English  Royal 
Academy,  1841 ;  studied  in  Paris,  1843-4 ;  exhibited  car- 
U)QD,'Biinging  Body  of  Harold  to  the  Oonqueror,*  at 
Vatadnster  Hall,  1844  :  studied  in  Rome,  1846 ;  accepted 
Siote  Gabrkd  Boaaetti  as  pupil,  1848,  and  thus  came  Into 
ooDtact  witii  pre-Rapluielites,  by  wtiom  liia  work  was  gra- 
dnHy  infloeiMed ;  executed  panels  for  town-hall,  Man- 
^boter,  illustrating  history  of  that  city,  1K78  ;  one  of  the 
foaoden  of  Hoputh  (Jlub ;  a  leading  member,  1861-74,  of 
Arm  of  Morris,  Marf*hall,  Faulkner  &■  Co.,  manufacturers 
ttvtjatie  furniture,  founded  by  William  Morris  [q.  v.] 
[SuppL  i.  296] 

ISOWV.  aB0RGB,orGHEOOKT  in  religion  (d.  1638), 
aa£i«liBh  Benedictiiie  :  died  in  France.  [vii.  4] 

BROWV.  GEORGE  (1650-1730),  arithmetician; 
mhiater  of  Stranraer,  and,  1680,  of  Kilmaun^,  Ayrshire  : 
ianDtttl  a  metlKMl  of  teaching  the  simple  rules  of  arith- 
BXtie,  which  be  expbiined  in  his  '  Rotala  Arithmetica,* 
17C0 :  wrote  other  arithmetical  works.  [vii.  4] 

nOWV,  Sir  GEORGE  (1790-1865),  general :  ensign, 
UW;  aerverl  with  distinction  in  the  Peninsula;  lieu- 
teoaat-cdonel,  1814  ;  after  many  staff  appointments,  bc- 
euae  Ii«utenant-giencnil,  1861  ;  K.C.B.,  1852  :  commanded 
tbe  light  division  in  tlie  Grintea,  and  the  English  coutin- 
goit  against  Kertcli,  1866 ;  commander-in-chief  in  Ire- 
IsDd,  lMO-6.  [vii.  4] 

BBOWV.  GEORGE  (1819-1880),  Canadian  politician ; 
»Do(  Peter  Bro^^-n  [q.  r.] ;  publisticr  and  business  manager 
of  'Bhtibb  Chronicle'  in  New  York:  founded  'Globe,' 
jntttieal  jonnial  at  Toronto,  in  support  of  reform  party ; 
ahandooed  reform    party   and   became  extreme  nuiical 
Boanbrr  for  county  of  Kent  in  CTanodian  legi^tlative  as- 
wnbly,  1881 ;  memiwr  for  Lambton  county,  1854,  Toronto, 
1867-61,  and  Sooth  Oxfonl,  1863-7 :  formed  (1858)  minis- 
try, which  lasted  for  four(la>i» ;  pn»iilentof  council.  1K64  ; 
Bicmber  of  senate.  1873 ,  refused  the  honour  of  K.U.M.G., 
IH79:  died  from  effects  of  shot  fired  by  discharged  cm- 
fitofe  at "  Globe '  office.  [Suppl.  i.  399] 


GEORGE  HILARY  (1786-1856),  Roman 
catbolie  prelate ;  profeaaor  of  theology  at  Ushaw ;  mis- 
nooer  at  Lancaster ;  -vicar-apostolic  of  the  Lancashire  dis- 
trict, titular  bislfop  of  Tloa,  1840 ;  Roman  catholic  binhop 
of  Liverpool,  1860 :  DJ>.  [viL  5] 


GILBERT  (d.  1613),  Scottish  catholic 
divioe :  a  Cistercian  ;  abbot  of  New  Abbey,  Kirkcudbright ; 
aa  tsriaential  opponent  of  the  Reformation  in  the  south- 
west «f  Sootlau'l,  1678-94;  hnpriaoned,  1606;  died  in 
czSle  at  Paris  :  pubUahed  controversial  tracts,    [vii.  5] 


BROWir,  HUGH  8T0WELL  (1823-1886),  baptist 
minister ;   son  of  Robert  Brown  (d.  1846)  [q.  v.] ;  em- 

?loyed  in  onlnance  surveys  in  Cheshire,  Shrewsbury,  and 
'ork;  entered  London  and  Birmingham  Railway  Com- 
pany's works,  1840 ;  baptist  minister  at  Stony  Stratford, 
1847-86  :  president  of  Baptist  Union,  1878 :  published  lec- 
tures. [Suppl.  L  800.] 

BSOWir.  IGNATIUS  (1630-1679),  Roman  cathoUc 
writer ;  of  Irish  parentage  ;  educated  in  Spain  ;  rector  of 
Jesuit  college  at  Poitiers,  1676 ;  confessor  to  queen  of 
Spain  ;  died  at  VaUadolid ;  published  oontrovcrBial  tracts. 

[vii.  6] 

BBOWV,  JAMES  (1709-1788),  orientalist ;  educated 
at  Westminster  School ;  re!>ident  in  the  Levant,  1733-6, 
acquiring  Turkish  and  mo<iem  Greek  ;  projected  a  trade 
directory  for  London,  1733,  afterwards  carried  out  by 
Henry  Kent;  in  1741  travelled  through  Russia  to  Resbd 
in  Peraia,  where  he  establiahed  a  foctory ;  returned  to 
Loudon,  1746  :  compiled  a  Persian  dictionary  aud  gram- 
mar, never  publiahed.  [viL  6] 

BROWK,  JAMBS  (1813-1881%  Roman  catboUc  pre- 
late ;  professor  at  Osoott ;  president  of  Sedgeley  Park  ac»- 
demy ;  bishop  of  Shrewsbury,  1851 ;  showed  great  energy  in 
his  diocese ;  D.D.  [viL  7] 

BSOWV,  JAMES  BALDWIN,  tlie  elder  (1786-1843), 
miscellaneous  writer:  called  to  bar  at  Inner  Temple, 
1816 ;  judge  of  requeats  at  ()ldham,  1840 ;  wrote  memoir 
of  Howai^  the  pldlanthropist,  and  works  on  the  penal 
laws.  [vii.  7] 

BBOWir,  JAMES  BALDWIN,  the  younger  (1830- 
1884),  congregational  divine :  eldest  eon  of  James  Bald- 
win Brown  the  elder  [q.  v.] ;  one  of  the  first  graduates  oi 
liOndon  University  ;  congregational  minister  at  Derby, 
1813,  and  in  London,  1846  ;  famous  for  bis  lil)eral  theo- 
logical views  botl)  in  the  pulpit  and  in  the  proas ;  pub- 
lished theological  treatises.  [vii.  7] 

BBOWK,  JOHN  (d.  1533),  sergeant  painter  to 
Henry  VIII;  employed  chiefly  as  an  heraldic  painter; 
alderman  of  London,  1522-6  :  gave  liis  house  to  be  a  hall 
for  the  company  of  Jointer  Stainers.  [vii.  8] 

BEOWK,  JOHN  (1810?-1679Xof  Wamphray,  Scottish 
eccletfiastic  ;  educated  at  Edinburgh ;  minister  of  Wam- 
phray, Dumfries,  1655 ;  ejected,  1662,  and  banished ;  minis- 
ter of  the  Scottish  church  at  Rotterdam ;  published  doc- 
trinal and  historical  treatises.  [vii.  9] 

BBOWK,  JOHN  (1627  ?-1685),  the » Christian  carrier  * ; 
one  of  the  most  famous  of  the  covenanter  martyrs;  a 
small  farmer  and  carrier  at  Priestfleld,  Ayrshire  ;  aliot  Iqr 
order  of  Olaverhouse  at  his  own  door  and  in  his  wife's 
presence.  [vii.  9] 

BEOWK.  JOHN  (rf.  1736),  chemist;    P.R.S..  1723; 
I  publiahed  discoveries  m  chemistry.  [vii.  10] 

BBOWK,  JOHN  (1715-1766),  author  of  the  'Esti- 
mate'; etliicated  at  Wigton  and  St  Jolm'a  Collecc,  Cam- 

.  bridge  :  B.A..  1735  ;  minor  canon  of  Carlisle  and  a  wliig 
preacher :  rector  of  Great  Horkesley,  Essex,  1 766,  and  of  St. 
Nicholas,  Newcastle,  1761  ;  gained  the  friendship  of  War- 
burton  by  an  *  Essay  upon  Satire,'  pubUshol  in  Dodsley's 
miscellanies:  wrote  an  essay  (1751)  on  Shaftesbury's 
*  Characteristics,'  which  is  memorable  for  its  clear  state- 
ment of  utilitarianism  :  brought  Into  repute  by  his  '  Esti- 
mate of  the  Manners  and  Principles  of  the  Times,'  1757 ; 
committed  suicide  on  being  forbidden  by  the  doctors  to 
go  to  St.  Pctersburtr,  where  he  hoped  for  a  high  educa- 
tional |)Ost :   published  numerous  trogcilics,  epics,  ales, 

'  sermons,  essays.  [vii.  10] 

BBOWK.  JOHN  (1722-1787).  of  Hiuldiugton,  biblical 
commentator  ;  as  a  henl-l)oy  taught  himself  Latin,  Greek, 
and  Hebrew  ;  at  one  time  a  jiedlar ;  served  as  a  soldier  in 
the  Edinburgh  garrison.  1745  :  taught  school  in  Kinross- 
shire  and  Midlothian  :  joined  the  Burgher  church,  1747  ; 
minister  to  the  Burgher  congregation  at  Haddington, 
1750-87 ;  iictel  as  professor  of  divinity  to  Burgher  stu- 
dents after  1768 :  published  an  explanation  of  the  West- 
minster Confeasion  of  Faith,  1758.  His  'Self-interpreting 
Bible,'  1778,  a  plain  commentary  for  the  people,  became 
immensely  popular.  [vlL  13] 

BEOWK,  JOHN  (1735-1788),  mcjlical  reformer ;  son 
of  a  Berwickshire  labourer ;  educated  at  Dunse  school ; 
became  a  private  tutor  at  Edinburgh ;  enabled  to  complete 


or  foologlcftl 


__^. u  giiinlnga  good  pi 

London,  wba  be  mi  cat  oS  by  ■paplaij,    I 

bBiB  llnoe  buu  ^eogniUy  adapted.  (' 

BKOWS.  JOHN  (J.  leaB),  mtKcUaneauB  wril 

llihtd  B  '  UitUiTj  oi  BolUn,'  1H3I :  w?Dt  10  1/ 

iDvmtor :  mmuiined  auLclde  in  dupiiir  >1  hli 


Bt  vnuibnm,  UDUtbifowthlrc,  i;;o-llj31:  wnKe  nKourire 
oma     erwy,        ,a  [vlU  17] 

BBCWH,  JOHNrlT7B-lHS),a[Lnneb>n.tliiHilc«laii: 
minister  of  Lingum.  Becwiolnbirc,  IBlu;  D.D.  aisagoH'. 
IBIB  :  Joined  Uh  Fr™  ohuroh  In  ISH ;  wniw  in  delen™  o! 
pnnbyterioa  trrdeti  uid  cburoii  goTcmnieDC-     [vIL  IH] 

BKOTV,  JOHN  (IIM-Iwex  °I  Bdlnliargh,  dlTinr: 
BldntHn  d!  John  Bnmn  (17U-18»)[q.T.];  eduoatol 
at  EcUnburgb :  tugbt  •obool  hi  FUg ;  mliuita'  of  Uw 
Bnrshcr  alionih  M  IHffi«r,  IKM,  and  of  Om  Rallif  rhumb 
MBIIiibai«b,ianiIXD.,lSia:  molematalatgta.ai  In 
tbs  Uelict  fluUEKc  ISH,  uid  In  &a  UnlEed  Pmbyteriou 
Ocdlne.  im:  wratu  cinaelUoaioE  lennl  enliUn.  uid 
muy  nUgiooa  tRntlioi.  [tIL  IH] 

BROTK.  JOHN'  (17Hil-lllB»>,  gwlogiiit 
u  BtoocmHon :  Btnodonal  bit  tndu  (ISJa) 
■tody ;  oontr^batol  Go  ioientlao  fournalt. 

CSqppl.  1.  3011 

SHOWS.  JOHN  (17B7-ia«l),  KMgnipher:  miJihlp- 
man  In  tJia  Kut  ludia  Uoin)wiiy'(  KnliK  till  W»:  ttUt- 
Tiidt  a  wulbby  diHmnnd  □■.^n.-lunt ;  adrocdtud  AnUo 
DpIorA^on  uid  thB  Kuccb  (or  Sir  Jolui  Fiaukliji. 

[rti. »] 

BKOWS,  JOHN  (leI0-lS8)).  oaylrt:  kui  of  JcHm 
Briinn  ri7M-1B6S)  [q.  T.] ;  odoested  iiC  &llnbuTB)i  HiKb 
Bohwl  aod  nnlTi'tnlly ;  M.D.,  ISM;  praptiaed  In  Edin- 
hnrgb  oitb  ^ucccai  till  bl>  dath  :  piibllebi'd  ■  Hnnc 
BubiiedTiB.'  tbne  voloDus  ol  ccwya,  IHM-^g,  and  >Riib 
aod  bi>  Ftiembi,"  1MB.  [Ml.  SO] 

BROWR.  Sin  JOSN  flHlft-lHK},  ulounr  of  aminac- 


Works,  Sbefbi'M,  ISH;   odvbiaial  uu  of  nllBd   ««1 
armour  plntluit  ror  vnr  voacOi.  ISao.  uid  his  meCliod  wu 
appravcd  by  loyil  ooumlmlon,  ISflS;  kDlebUd.  1HB7. 
[BuppL  1. 301] 

IMloIflr:  Intidkd  in  HolUod  and  SpilD.  [vil.  91] 

BEOWS,  JOHN  WRIOHT  (Ifl36-18M),  hoUnlat ;  of 
BJlnborsb:  lUdimt  of  BooUiib  flora.  [oILSl] 

BKOTB.  JDSEPB  (irU-lHU),  pbytloUn;  army 
(argnn  bi  Wolllo^a'a  itaoind^nii:  u.D.  EdlnburKb. 

jcsu!  '  [Tb.S1] 

BKOWK,  UNflBLilT  (1715-1783).  rc.ivcr  of  Ihc 
liittiifW  fl^lti  of  luidKape-ganimUi^ ;  Zaid  ouB  ([lutland 
■C  Kev  aod  Bleubdni:  ircbllrct  tt  nuwy  ooantiy 
booKo:  blgb  iberllf  of  Huntingdon,  177U;  knomi  » 
•OajHbllllj  Bnnm,'  [fiL  >»] 

BBOWIT,  LBTINinS  (14T1-17U],  Jnnit;  fducaCrd 
■tSt.  Omorand  Koine;  reskladat LKlybalt,BDuci,lToa, 

Bmllali  oOllass  at  RomB,17?>~tl;  piTlvlnda].  J739 :  rector 


of  ut«e  OcOktre,  1      .   ,     . 

[Tii.M] 

SROWF,  OLIVER  MADOI  aM»-187ft  noielial 
aod  tadDtar  In  wat«r-<ioloan ;  na  of  Foid^  BCaooi  Browr 
[q.T.];  ftnteiUblUil.  18H:  patUdMd '8<itel)i DsBTa, 


ewapajwt;  rvmovEd  to  TarouUJ,lM3,»BdreojiiMd  paper 
Tbo  Itanner,"  »hidb  beoamo  organ  of  Prm  chonJl  of 
OOCland  bi  Oaoada.  (»ippL  L  29S] 

BKOWN,  PHIT.1P  (rt.  ]77t),  botanlat;  meOliBl  pime- 
itlouer  lu  MaDDliutcr ;  ooUected  forvigu  plaote. 

[Til.  »] 

BBOW,  fiAWDOH  LUBBOCK  (ISUI-ieS)).  blMmi- 
al  acudcut :  iHidod  in  Venice,  1803-81,  making  oantul 
Eomrcbet  among  tbe  TanaUan  arcblna,  opNlally  ajmoia 

.ODdoD.     HlB   ^tUendar  of  BCote   Fapsia  ,  .  .  iu   the 

.rchlTH  of  Venice'  ie  indispensable  for  tbc  itadj  of  Bng- 

Islocioal  vivrks  bi  Bngllsb  asd  Italian.  [irU.  Jl] 

BBOWR,  Sill  BtCHAHS  K  l«e>).  [SeeBaoms.] 
BBOWV,  ROKEiir  Id.  IT63),  painter:  suIMcd  Sir 
oin»  Thonildll  In  pnlntiDS  tl>e  cnpoU  of  SL  Paoi-i  ; 
Hinted  allar-plcees  iu  Mveral  Londan  obntobia,  aomi 
f  Lis  pictum  have  tieeu  oigravaL  [TlL  34] 

BBOWR,  SluBOBRItT  (d.  ITOU).  dlplomatdit;  jmc- 
banc  In  Vcuice  and  BritJiU  iraldanL  lUl  USt :  ormtei 
anuet.  1733 ;  M.F.  lar  Ik'bester,  17U ;  i>  naud  mtar. 

[TlLM] 

BBOWK.  RUIIBRT  (1757-1831),  writir  on  aeriml- 
]ra;a  HnddiuglonfaniicripiihlLibal'TnaitlHou  Rural 

BKOW,  ROBERT  (d.  1846),  divine :  cbaplalu  of  Bt 
lottbaw's  olwpel,  Douglas,  lltl7;  tlcsir  of  Elrfc  Braddan, 
BB-«.  [Buppl.  L  MO] 


.   ._ Society,  atnitoaif 

Joseph  naulm ;  nubllalml'Prodnnnoi  Floiw  Novib  HoI- 
Uiidln  rt  tnanliB  Vnu-Diemen,'  1810:  D.O.L.  Oitoid, 
I83S ;  eminent  for  hLi  iavvt^gntloDS  into  Ibe  Impnfcna- 
tiooof  pluta.  [ilLlt) 

SKOWH,  ROBERT  (1841-18951  gngiapbloal  ama.- 
piler;  RA.  Edinbuigh.  1S«U;  slodlod  at  Leydeu,  Copen- 
iiagen,  mid  RnntoKli ;  I'h.D.  Bottoeic :  botunlat  ts  Brftlf  h 

pedlUon,  18M ;  tisnlled  wUMy,  I8al-9;  lectanr  In 
mturul  history  In  bigb  seliool  aod  Heiiot-Watt  GoUan, 
Sdlnbnrgli.  1llliS-7S ;  lemared  to  LouIdd.  lN7fi  ;  oompiled 
KVETal  popular  geo^rapbloal  works  and  published  sdcn- 
Uflo  and  other  Tolamea,  Be  was  F.L^„  and  ou  ooaoeU 
of  ncral  QagTaphical  Society.  [Supfd.  I.  301] 

SKOinr,  SA.MTIKL  (jt.  1700),  surgeon 


;c.  (1776-185SX  cngina 


[Td-lTl 


iblefl  and  suspension  brldgea. 

BROWB,  SAMDEL'(lBI7-18be).ebi 
iirKh,  IBID;  dETotcd  binjself  to cbemlKi 
3  the  atomio  theory. 

BBOVX,  SAMUEL  (laio-lHTt),  «t 


codnase   and 


HKOWS,  S' 


^PHESI/ 


reputed  autlur  of  seferal  theological  pieces. 
''""'■     ""    ■      ■"        i,biBhopof  Boss 


tr^ud, 

im,  was  a  dltrerent  person.  [tU.  W] 

BHOVH,  THOXAH  (Jt.  HID).    [See  TH01U&] 
SXOWK  or  B&OUirs.   THOMAS  (rf.  IMBl  eoda- 
sbistlc;  LL.D.:  sub^eao  of  Lbiooln.  1414;  deaaolSaUa- 
bury.  1431 ;  bishop  of  Rochester,  1481,  and  of  NonriolL 
1498 :  ambassador  to  Ftanw,  1430.  [tU.  M] 

BKOWir,  THOMAS  (jf.  It7gk  tiaulator:  of  Un- 
Btarmlos.  '  [tU-M] 


,    THOMAS    (IMS-WN).    t 


OmctChnnl 

■  I  do  DOt  km  tb™.  Dr.  FeU,'  si 

SmBihl  tught  Kbul  at  K 


iiat  Drydiu,  DuHry 
in.  Uii  lOllKle: 
[tU. b»] 


i  diwripLfl   of    D11V.1I1 


bFCAm  u  uIridbIt  popuUr 

vm  fw  birblj  ntaoDod,  but  wen  HTcnlj  orit^dHd  by 

Eii  WHlAm  p-nij.™  [tU.  31] 

SKOmi,   TEOUAS  BDWABD  <1S30-IM7).  Mui 

S.  m  of  Robert  fimm  Id,  ISU)  [q.  *.] :  alucatfll  ic 
WiUiuD->  OoUdic  tile  ol  U*m  ud  Cbriit  Obnreh, 
Oifaicd:  B.&^  lUI:    (cUow    at  UtbO,    IftM-S:   U.A^ 
ItM:  amtUr  of   lUng   «inUiui-i     (Mlse    uid   vloe- 
w  ol  Cijpt  Solml,  Olou- 


I  labveqaent  jfmn^    A  colkotad  aUtion  <y 
» iwed.  laOO.  [Snppl.  L  IU3] 

r,  TBOlUa  JOSEPH  (IT>»-iai»),  Jtm 


_  .  _._ ,    A   ApoLIOJ ,    .    __.   ___   _ 

tbup  oi  Uw  Webb  diiliict :  blbbop  ol  Neuron  uu 

Haert*,  1B«0.  (Tii  JJ] 

c  BSOTKX,  OLTSaKS  I " 

vis(i?oe-ij»;),o  ■   " 


BEOWKB.    [See  alao  Bnoi::!  ud  UnoiTK,] 

BKOVlTa.    ALBXANDUR    (j>.     lU^J),    m 

nolDler,    eugnTGr.    uul    prmtKller:     publiab 

IlolorU,'  lert.  [ 

iMSJ,  p 


» Ellnb..-Ui.     Be 
SoutLHiuplon.  IM^ 


pul^Dfi   jilttlDC.    1BA0,    For    nfunlus   10    cnie    ou  omau 
pKUmugo  [o  <jDeea  EUsbeth :  tail«blol,  1H«.  [nL  3«] 

BBOVBK,  ANTHONY,  tnt  TBrntWT  Mu\-T*nni 
(ltig-lf99).  fldetC  Ha  of  BIr  AuUumj  Brawoe  (if.  IMO) 
[q.  v.] ;  H  tUuDch  Rnmui  catbollCt  balc^  iUH]iieAl<u>eil 
lojalty  bulb  to  Eilwird  VI  luul  to  KUubetb.  Utaiwh 
■touUy  oppoiLiDS  lo  pvlUnu^C  tbc  mct«  of  aupnTiuiiT 
and  oUcgluice,  1»»  uiil  IHliknlghl^lur  ;lmpriwiud 


Ucuu^aot-Beutirol  a 


(vll.  *U] 
BKDWim.   ARTRHK  {imf-lBOl),    !rl»b  tawjtr; 

rtanl  ■lid  Trinity  College,  DobMn.  wl;ti 

same  n?^iu  profeu 

,-  1HU3  ;  M.S'.  (or  Dublin  OnlTenity  lu 


I,  WILLIAM  il7M-ie36X 

iJni,  IBH  ;  imui-tFT    

ra-lSt :  wnce  'Antlqiitia^ 

nOTB,     WILLIAM    (1777-18(7).   edt 
A^vHiw  berrice :  bom  ia  IreUuu] :  taken  t 


1?!S:  & 


0    PpwilAb   iqolldroiu 


tbe  U  Plat^. 

Bd  by  HOperlor 

[t1L3«] 


BKOWICE,  EDWARD  (d.  1730),  qukei 
land.' 

BBOWNB,  BDWARD  HAROLD  (IBll-ll 
of  Elvauilol  WincbMler:  edu.uitAl  at  kbin  uiii 


1  Monte  Video.  IM 
■  WILLIAU  (irsi-lsei).  braefUtor  to 
gwA  in  tbe'llnoi-trade  at  BalUnioTC,  aod 
office  In  Urerpool,  1609  ;  afterwardi  an 
bKnJtD-;  atdETTiuui  of  LItftpooI,  IRal; 


Iteuy  ad  Derby  "■"■""■  U  UTCtpool,  IWU :   cnalal 
tann^lSU,  [•iL37] 

MIffWM,      WILLIAM      LAUHEHOS      (176S-lg3U), 


■UnmL,  TBOK&S    BOBBOH  (tSH  i-lSM). 


UI7 :  biihop  or  i;iy,  18S4-7].  aud  of 
lublLBbed  PElUioab  wrllin^- 

[SuppL  1.  301] 
A  DOROTHEA  (ITSI-IUU).    lSa» 


I  liifaiour 
I  obtHbied 


H  Uif  ant,  tiogUsb  pnyET-b 
lu  by  patent  prltuatc  of  Irelam 
'prired  of  the  primacy  aud  d 


BBOWNB 


156 


BBOWNB 


BSOWVB,  OBOROE,  OousT  M  (1698-17W).  soldier 
of  fortune ;  edaoated  at  Limerick ;  took  aenrioe  with  the 
elector  palatine :  transferred  himflelf  to  the  RoBslan 
aerrioe,  1780 ;  taken  prisoner  and  enslaved  by  the  Tarks ; 
served  in  Finland  and  against  the  Swedes;  contributed 
materiallv  to  the  victories  of  Kollin,  1767,  and  Zomdorf, 
1768 ;  fleid-marshal :  governor  of  Livonia.         [vii.  46] 

BROWKE,  HABLOT  KNIGHT  (1816-1882),  water- 
colour  painter  and  book-illustrator ;  known  as  Puiz; 
apprentioed  to  an  engraver,  and  subsequently  opened  a 
studio:  illustrated  Cliarles  Dickens's  *  Sunday  as  it  is  by 
Timothy  Sparks,'  1886,  and  the  *  Pickwick  Papers,'  taking 
the  pscudouvm  Pl)i'<(  to  match  the  author's  pseudonym 
BoK :  fond  of  horses,  hunting,  and  water-colour  painting ; 
a  prolific  illustrator,  especially  of  novels  by  Dickens, 
Lever,  and  Aiiisworth.  [vii.  46J 

BROWHZ,  HBNRY  (1804-1876X  classical  and  biblical 
scholar:  M.A.  Cambridge,  1830 :  principal  of  Chichester 
Theological  College,  184S-7 :  rector  of  Pevcnsey,  Sussex, 
1864-76 ;  published  classical  text-bodes  and  treatises  on 
biblical  chronology.  [viL  47] 

BROWNS,  ISAAC  HAWKINS,  the  elder  (1706-1 760), 
wit  and  poet:  educated  at  Westminster  School  and 
Trinity  Clollegc,  Cambridge ;  barrister  of  Lincoln's  Inn : 
M.P.  for  Wenlock,  1744-64;  his  conversational  powers 
praised  by  Samuel  Joltnsou ;  wrote  poems,  some  of  which 
are  distinguished  by  their  sprightly  numour.      [▼ii-  47] 

BBOWNB,  ISAAC  HAWKINS,  the  younger  (1746- 
1818),  oBsayist ;  son  of  Isaac  Hawkins  Browne  the  elder 
[q.  v.] ;  educated  at  Westminster  and  Hertford  OoUege, 
Oxford ;  D.C.L.,  1773 ;  M.P.  for  Bridgnorth,  1784-1812 ; 
published  essays  on  moral  and  religious  subjects,  [vii.  48] 

BBOWNB  or  BROWN,  JAMKS  (1616-1686),  theo- 
logian :  B.A.  Oriel  College,  Oxfonl,  1638  ;  cliaplahi  in  tlio 
army  of  the  parliament;  his  *  Antichrist  in  Spirit* 
answered  by  George  Fox.  [vii.  49] 

BBOWNB,  JAMES  (1798-1841),  journalist  and  his- 
torian; educated  at  St.  Andre^%'s  tJniversity;  minister 
of  the  church  of  Scotland ;  Scottish  advocate ;  finally 
settled  in  Edinburgh  as  a  jouniaHst ;  LL.D.  St.  Andrews. 
His  works  include  a  '  History  of  the  Highland/,'  1835. 

[vii.  49] 

BBOWNB,  JOHN  (1643-1700?),  surgeon;  served  as 
naval  surgeon ;  surgeon  to  St.  Thomas's  Hospital,  1683-91, 
and  to  CharleM  TI  and  William  III ;  author  of  anatomical 
and  surgical  treatises.  [vii.  49] 

BBOWNE,  JOHN  (1741-1801),  aigraver  of  land- 
scapes :  pupil  of  John  Tinney  and  William  Woollett. 

[vU.  60] 

BBOWNB,  JOHN  (1823-1886),  nonconformist  his- 
torian; B.A.  London,  1843;  minister  at  Lowestoft, 
1844-6,  and  Wreutliam,  Suffolk,  1R18-86 ;  published 
*  History  of  Congregationalism,*  1877,  and  other  works. 

[Suppl.  i.  304] 

BBOWNB,  JOSEPH  (/.  1706%  physician ;  llbelleil 
Queen  Anne's  administration,  1706 ;  wrote  aiMi  lectured 
against  Harvey's  theory  of  the  circulation  of  the  blood. 

[viL  61] 

BBOWNB,  JOSEPH  (1700-1767),  provost  of  Queen's 
(College,  Oxford,  1766 ;  rector  of  Bramshot,  Hampshire,  and 
professor  of  natural  philosophy  at  Oxford,  1746-67. 

[vlL  61] 

BBOWNB,  LANCELOT  (//.  1606),  physician;  edu- 
cated at  Cambridge;  M.D.,  1576;  F.ILO.P.,  1584 ;  pliy- 
sician  to  Queen  Klizubcth  ami  James  I.  [vii.  61] 

BROWNE,  LYDK,  tlie  elder  (»/.  1787),  virtuoM); 
director  of  the  Bank  of  England ;  posHessed  a  famous 
<'4il)inct  of  Greek  and  Roman  art  treosuns  at  Wimbledon. 

[vii.  62] 

BBOWNB,  LYDE,  tlie  younger  (</.  1803),  lieutenant- 
colonel  ;  entOTed  the  army,  1777 ;  lieutenant-colonel, 
1800 ;  shot  by  Emmet's  mob  in  Dublin.  [vii.  63] 

BROWNE,  MOSES  (1704-1787),  chief  poetical  con- 
tributor to  the  'Gentleman's  Magazine*;  pen-cutter; 
and  subsequently  vicar  of  Olney,  1763  ;  wrote  poems,  in- 
cluding *  Piscatory  Eclogues,'  17S9,  and  sermons. 

[vU.  62] 

BROWNE,  PATRICK  (1720  ?-1790),  naturalist; 
visited  Antigua,  1737 ;  studied  science  in  Paris,  and  at 
L^ydeu ;  M.D.,  1748  ;  settled  in  Jamaica  ;  published '  Civil 


and  Natural  History  of  Jamaica,*  1766,  and  ottanr 
logical  works.  [viL  §3] 

BROWNE,  PETER  (rf.  1736),  divine ;  feUow  of  Trinity 
College,  Dublin,  1691 ;  provost,  1699 ;  bishop  of  Cork  and 
Boss,  1710 ;  published  theological  tractates.        [vlL  6S] 

BROWNE.  Sir  RICHARD  (d.  1669),  parliamentary 
general  and  a  leader  of  the  prosbyterian  party ;  ofncer  (rf 
the  London  trained  bands ;  sent  to  disarm  the  Kentish 
royalists,  1642  ;  present  at  the  siege  of  Winchester ;  sap- 
pressed  Kentish  rising,  1643  :  fought  at  Alresfbrd,  1644 ; 
major-general  with  task  of  reducing  the  Oxford  district^ 
1644 :  present  at  the  surrender  of  Oxford,  1646  ;  a  ooin> 
missloner  to  receive  Cliarles  from  the  Scots,  1647  ;  present 
at  the  selsure  of  Charles  at  Holmby,  and  afterwards 
favourable  to  the  king ;  M.P.  for  Wycombe,  but  expdled 
by  the  influence  of  tlie  army,  1648,  and  impriscmed  for 
five  years;  excluded  from  parliament  for  refusing  the 
'engagement,' 1666;  M.P.  for  London  In  Richard  Crom- 
well's parliament;  privy  to  Sir  Oeorge  Booth's  rishig, 
1669 ;  Intrigued  for  the  recall  of  Charles  U  ;  knighted  ; 
lord  mayor  of  London,  1660,  and  made  a  baronet  for 
suppressing  Tenner's  rising.  [viL  64] 

BROWNE,  SiK  RICHARD  (1606-1683),  diplomatist: 
educated  at  Merton  College,  Oxford ;  travelled  tn  France ; 
clerk  of  the  coondl,  1641-72;  resident  at  the  French 
court  for  Charles  I  and  Charles  II,  1641-60 ;  provided  in 
Paris  a  chapel  for  Anglican  services,  a  home  for  AnglioaD 
divines,  and  a  cemetery  for  protostamts ;  created  baronet, 
1649 ;  returned  to  Enghmd,  1660.  [tIL  66] 

BBOWNB  or  BBOWN,  RICHARD  (/.  1674-1694), 
phjrslcian:  educated  at  Queen's  College,  Oxford;  MJ>. 
Leydeii,  1676 ;  published  medical  treatises.  [viL  65] 

BROWNE,  ROBERT  (1660 ?-1633 ?),  separatist:  re- 
garded as  the  founder  of  coiurregationallsm ;  was  con- 
nected with  several  families  of  Influence,  particularly  wiUi 
CeclL  lord  Burghley ;  B.A.  Corpus  Ohristi  (College,  Cam- 
bridge, 1673,  that  college  being  then  notoriously  puritan 
in  sympathies:  probably  ordained  about  1673;  taught 
school  in  London,  and  preached  at   Islington  without 

3)iscopal  licence:  preached  constantly  in  villages  near 
ambridge,  and  In  Cambridge  Itself,  c  1678,  dniounclug 
the  parochial  system  and  ordination,  whether  by  bishops 
or  by  presbytery :  destroyed  a  licence  to  preach  which  Us 
brother  had  obtained  for  him  from  the  bishop  of  Ely,  and 
WHS  then  inhibited :  went  to  Norwich  r.  1680,  an«C  with 
Robert  Harrison,  coUected  a  congregation,  wliich  they 
calleii  '  tlie  church,'  but  which  H-as  popularly  known  as 
*the  Brownlsts';  Imprisoned  by  the  bishop  of  Norwich 
for  seditious  preaching  at  Bury  St  Edmunds,  1681,  but 
set  free  by  Burghley,  who  also  delivered  him  from  the 
primate:  emigrated  to  Mlddleburg  with  his  followers, 
1681,  whence  he  issued  books,  the  circulation  of  whidi 
in  England  was  punished  by  death  :  quarrelled  witii 
Harrison,  1683,  and  wus  followed  by  four  famiUes  to 
Scotland,  where  lie  was  again  imprisoned ;  imprisoned  on 
his  return  to  England,  1584  ;  be^n  preaching  at  North- 
ampton, 1586 ;  excommunicated  by  the  bishop  of  Peter- 
borough for  ignoring  a  citation;  submitted  to  the 
bishop,  and  became  master  of  Stamford  grammar  school, 
1686 ;  rector  of  Achurcli,  NorthBmptonshire,1691-1631 ;  died 
in  Northampton  gaol,  to  which  lie  had  been  sent  for  an 
assault  committed  in  n  characteristic  outbreak  of  temper. 

[vii.  67] 
BROWNE,  SAMUEL  (1676 ?-1632),  divine:  M.A.  Afl 
Sottls,  Oxford,  1606  ;  minister  of  St  Mary's,  Shrewsbury ; 
published  tracts.  [vii.  61] 

BROWNE.  SAMUEL  (J.  ICGS).  judge;  callal  to  bar 
at  Lincohi's  Inn,  1623 :  M.P.  for  (Hifton.  Devonslilre,  1640; 
un  active  uieinlier  of  the  (^-onnnons  comn)ittee  for  the  Im- 
peachment of  Uiuil,  IG44  :  one  of  tlie  commissioners  to 
treat  with  Charies  in  tlie  Isle  of  Wight  1648 ;  serjeant- 
at-law,  1648 ;  justlec  of  the  common  pleas  and  knighted, 
1660.  [vlL  61] 

BROWNE,  SIMON  (1680-1732),  oongregationalist ; 
pastor  at  Portsmouth,  and  (1716-23)  in  the  Old  Jewry, 
London ;  published  hymns  and  sermons.  [riL  62] 

BROWNE,  THEOPHILUS  (1763-1836X  unitarian: 
fellow  of  Peterhouse,  Cambridge,  1786 ;  vicar  of  Ohoiy- 
Hhiton,  (^mbrid^hlre,  1793,  but  resigned  on  adoj^ii^ 
unitarianism;  unitarian  mini»ter  at  Warminster,  1800, 
Norwich,  1809,  Congleton,  1812,  and  Gloooaster,  iai6-S8: 
published  theological  treatises.  [vlL  6i] 


BB.0WSB1QQ 


XKOvir.  THOMAS  (i«a4?- 


liiibaMflGat,ieisU;  plibUBlisl  utdidiu 
THOllAS  (ICM-IMIX  pli] 


HoUbdiI: 


WloobcBliT  uid  Vrui^ti^  HbII. 

itpdlta  uid  PUu :  M.S.  Lfydcn^ 
D.   Bt    OiIbnL  loll  :    H«tlnl    Ln 
«ih1  pnhcdifld  phyatc 


.1,  THOllAS  (Isn-lIlO),  pbJBlcdu) ; 

Sl»«il  Bn™iie(lM*-l;08)  [q.  T.l;  of  Trinity .... 

ruLbrilff;  ILIk.  1700 ;  MIow  of  Itaa  OaUq(«  of  rbfil- 
OMi,  1701,  [vli.  TSJ 


[rtLTa] 
JX.  SlB  THOMAS  GOKS(ieu7-lsa?),i»louel 
tl  gantfwt ;  eiwlKn  SHCh  fnol,  IWi ;  nptalo. 


imor  B(  St.  Hekau. 
. ^  lMl-8 ;  K.O.K.U, 

[Supii  L  W61 

BOWn,  WILLIAM  (ItVl-lSU?),  pocl;  eaaoiUil 
M  hTUWck  »d  Kula  OollcgE.  IMdhI  ;  enUnl  tlie 
t — — .    ...     .....       , '--miiiii'ft  FMtomLs' 


L,  IMI,  b< 


■olgltmiMI; „-    -    - 

flf^'l«4i  nperlDlsidBl  tl«  liiaer  Tiuui 
mtterjat  VU^m  and  Clrre,  Ifllft ;  rTim 

■HBnlsUBHsLRobRt  Uonoer.  lS3t,  I .. 

ImiiAlLji.;  In  (In ntlDUE  o(  ibcBul  of  Pembniku  ■ 
■1km.    IQi  poctiv    wbtoli  uloKlj 

■WUj  llfloBBHl   HUUd,  XbiLi.  Ul _. 

fenta  ccJlHtad  b;  W.  Oucw  HuUtt.  IMK.       [vIL  79] 


.<  WILLIAM  (l«0»-ir7*),  phj.l 

K-t  BtwrtDiue,  Oimbrklire.  1 71 1 ;  M.D„ 

ndldnt  ■[  Ljim.  I7lit-I9:  kniilital.  17iti;  nniorc 
l>irdai.  1719;  pr«l<lait  of  Iho  OolUv^  of  rhysic 
I'W;  fmndal  the  DrouTta  mnlmlA  At  CudbrtdKe ;  pub 


■i  AlBmla,  but  wh  monlml  ami  Tubcli  In  PereU, 
Utt.  [lil.  70] 

■unrnis,  blizaseth  babrbtt  (i«06-i8cii, 

PMb;  !!■  nune  <rf  Buntt  idoiitel  by  W  Itlba, 


X  ileoth.    Eilie 
I  ftroggle  (or 


campcUtd  ta 


m  InUiwt  In  lulf 


bentViiU  pr«*c:btng.  LA73;  1>.1>.  iiirunl, 
^Inlty.  uinl  to  pj«t  tbc  aiaitrr  tnt  nu 


BBOWMIKB.  JUHK  (/.  lOMX  diTtnl  aaa  mntbor. 

I<il.  H»] 

BBOwnms,  HUBERT  (1819-]m«),  JKCC:  Mn  iJ 
Dbert  Urvu'nklkFf.  k  clerk  In  tlif  Bailk  of  EiigLuid;  fldo. 
jLul  0t  K  RcLoDl  at  Pb-kbBiD,  niril  by  m  private  tutor ; 
tyCellcgf.  Luulon,  IWJIMU: 

1  nuDilMT  or  loiigt :  pabllalwl 
Ini  tMtu  Italy,  IMH ;  pnidainl  (IKU) 
■■  -" ■  -'-MenilyDotloe  ol  Cm- 


..1  HdeD  FiDclt,  II 


'JllCimtT' 


[tlLSSl 

BBOWXUIOG.  ELIZABETH  (d.  17S7>.  IDQidem; 
wlf«Qt  V  Londoj:  bDUBe.pabit4^F ;  prHctUeii  u  midvifBi 
burbanhlfllj  mnnlFml  bur  upprectdcf  ;  banRrd  tX  Tyt>lirD» 


BKOWBBiao,  i 


[lii.  M] 
T  (1711-lBU).  seaati; 
>«1  In  tbe  Netbsiliuiib, 


BBOwmtiaa 


1.  IJW; 


I7M!  t , ...  -. 

■cnuit-gfMnt.  laW:  gorernor  ( 
KjhkIt  uid  uinaied  tba  kingdom, 
ISlfl :  ffeaenL  1S19 ;  returned  to  Eiwluid,  aom^. 

[yll.  m 

BROWVRIOO,  VILLIAU  (ITll-iaOOX  cbernM; 
ttadM  nwdloins  It  London  udil  Lerden;  ILD,  irsT: 
pnotiml  at  WbltcbiTtn  lor  omoj  jtan :  nikda  nluable 
rcHnbn  Into  thft  phoHHiKDB  of  fln-duop,  ndnfiral 
men,  tod  plaUns.  [tIL  S6] 

BB0WV-«£airAB9,  CHARLES  BDW&BO  (1817- 
IBMKpliT^alogjn:  born  Ln  XHUtUiu ;  Moditd  mcdidna 
■tFu&:  K.I>„  184*:  KBRtaij  at  BocUU  de  Kologle, 
tMB ;  nbdoad  «pld«nla  at  cbolen  in  MintUJiu,  lBM-4 : 
pnitanr  tt  Vlislnfii  Uodleil  Oo11e«,  Richmond,  Tl> 
ginia,  IMt ;  cnimtal  In  xHaiUllc  toKUng  In  FarU.  18M- 
IMJ ;  HUbliitaal.  IHS,  ud  pablLabal  tiU  ISM, '  J'oarnal 
de  PhTilologio  ■ :  Imlumt  in  Knulmul  on  phrjlolngj  aiid 
p»tllolag7 ;  (eILow  0)  FmoHs  of  Pt.7>lclan»  Ind  Surgeoajl 

of  phjainlogy  and  p41bolilgv  of  nerrom  ajitera  at  H«r- 
Tmrd.  U.S,A^  1863-A :  founded,  with  YulpLan  and  Charcot, 
■Aniaia  dn  FbyBlologle.' Parii ;  sale  olltor.  I8e«;  pio- 
t^r  of  pathology  Kt  ?uj>,  IHBB-;!.  at  phjiiology  at 
OcneTB.  IS77.  and  of  Biperimental  tnolJcUie  M  Uollcge  of 
Fienrw,  1B7A-M ;  booorar?  LL.D.  ol  CambililgF,  1881 ; 
oontribaUd  to  KimtlBc  pnblicatlonL       [Bappl.  \.  319] 


)  BBUOB 

BKITOI,  DATm  (jt.  1«<0),  pbjrislan  :  ILA.  Bk  An- 
dram:  ttodled  pbT>le  <n  Franeo;  H.D.  Tal«la^  1U7; 
fnoorpomtod  H.D.  at  Oxford.  1««0;  pbysiolan  to  the  Dnk* 
of  York ;  lahseqasitly  piactlmd  at  Bdlnborgb. 

BBTTOI,  BDWARD  (d.  laiB).  king  ol  Iiduid; 
yoaugn  bnUwr  of  Robot  de  Bnea  Vm  [q.T.].  Unc  at 
SootJand :  tocA  part  In  tbe  Afiehlie  oimpalgn,  1107 ; 
■otiluedOaltomT,  1308;  ndond Dnlidv^ Itll :  bedcged 
Stirling  CaeUa.  and  Rrantol  tbegOTemor  a  jear^  tnio^ 
JnnelglB:  oonunaniled  the  rigbtwtne  at  BannooUxUB, 
1U4 :  ROOgnlHd  ai  belr  pnomptlTe,  tfa;  lllf :  aeoepted 
an  loTUation  tram  tbe  Uliter  oliielt^ni,  (oik  CwrlEk- 
topu,aiid»aioniwned  kbig  of  Ireland,  ISIt :  oppoaed 
by  Um  olerg; ;  being  joliud  b;  bli  bnther,  pubHl  m  to 
Umerlck.  bat  wban  toft  alone,  fell  back  on  Oanlakfergna, 
111; ;  UUed  In  battle  at  Dnndalk.  (tU.  H} 

BBTIOE,  RDWABD.  flnt  Baros   Bboch  o»   Kw- 
LOSB  (IMB  f-lell),  lodge ;  juilge  of  the  ■ 
Bdlobargb,  before  1&33:  granted  Kii 


en^^ttwth. 


1,  I«g7:ei 
to  Bnglud,  IMS,  and  wai  appoint 


.    JOHN    (IW0?-1SW^   n 
BBOZBOLKE,  N0EL(l<sa?-iri8>,  pi 


[TU.gl 


I  B&irOE,  Bm  7RBDBBI0K  WILUAll  ADOLPHDB 
(IS14-lH7Xdlptomatlit;  Tonngeat  ion  at  ThomM  Bnua, 
'  eerentlieulaf  Elghi  [q.T.]:  atlaobed  to  lord  Aahboi- 

Hoogkoog,  18M :  Uentaunt-garenor  at  KewtemdUnV 
IM :  diwgt  d'altalne  to  Bolivia,  1848,  and  to  Dngnaj, 
I  IBM:  ooaenl-wiraal  in  Bgrpt,  1811;  KCRtair  to  the 
Fn^buaiitoOhlnB,  1817:  enfo;  to  Chbia.  1818;  K.aK, 
188! ;  eOTOy  to  WaaWngton.  IMl ;  died  at  Boeton. 


(tone,  and  marb 
axtraordiaarr  In 


IdDdadAle 
tiylBg  to  protect 

BBITOE,     ALBXAKSBR     BALUAIN 


Inoed  lo  Mppoirt 
prtTyooanolltor 

[tU.  87] 


It  Bton  and  Heiton  OallegE.  O 

;orat0  of  St.  Andrew,  Beta 

cmtonlebi,  ISBl,  and  ol  31 
it  BoTBy  Traoey,  1891-a  ;  ] 


Id  penonaJ 
iLLlUl 


BBnOI,  HBNRT  AUSTIN,  Brat  BiRO^i  Abhidau 
aSll-18»),  •taleamiui ;  csllid  to  bar  at  Uneolnl  Inn, 
18)7  :   ttlpaidlary  nwrtitnte  (or  Uerthrr  TjdTll  and 
_     ,,,..  ...    „, .     ..  o    ...    Merthjr   XfdlB, 


:w  Total 

pnblUL 

In oompUaUon at  hjnm-booka.  [BappLLlll] 

BKUOE.  ARCHIBALD  (17l<-1el«),  BooCUeh  diTine  ; 
educated  at  Qlaigow ;  mbiliter  of  tbo  AnU-bnrgber  oon- 
gn^atlon  at  Wbltbnrn,  Linlithgow,  1788:  dlrioit;  pm- 


lioeniing  lawi;  lonl  pnatdant  of  oounoU,  IS — 

Banm  Aberdare,  1871 ;  F.H&.  IST6 ;  pmUeDt  of  Rafil 
Oeographioal  Swietj.  1881.  and  of  Royal   HMoiioal 


li  Aojal  Niger)  Oompimj,  1884- 
FHritf  0Dl1^Oardlir,1883:  Bi 


(opporten,  led  b;  die  iw 
MBalidon  Rill,  lilt,  b; 


Rdinud  Balled  w 


nrcn  yean  ha  WH  royallr  ente. . „  . 

Kturned  to  Scotland  in  Mar  1141,  and  took  (be  adminlib 
Uation  of  aCalia  into  Ida  own  haada,  1141;   ■—^-' 

Berwli£ 


sbhob,  jaubs  (isio  ?-i;»)),  iriah  ,_ 

ddnt  eon  of  Ulobael  Bmoe  (iau-le*9)  [q,  t.}  ; 
ot  KllkliBgh.  CO.  Dam.  ItM :  fltd  to  Scotland,  1 
■  —  KlUeleagh-lesl;  tonndeda] ■—"-■- 


I.  JAUES  (I7SO-17g4X  Afiioai 


Baalbec:   nubed  fcypt,  1718;  tailed 


p^^Ue  to 


d  111,  propoaali  to  thin  effect      of  tl 


Darid  w»  mauled  to  Joanna,  li^ 


[iriLW] 

BSUOX.  JAIfS  ri7ei7-ieo«),eeiuijlit:  edscatedat 
It-  Andnwi  tod  Oimbiidge :  apboapalbiD  oleinrman  In 
Icotland :  tsiy  joarnaUit  in  Loulon.  IBOI.       [t£l  lOf] 


BRUOB 


169 


BRXJOB 


BBUOB,  JAMES  (1808-1861X  aathor;  joanudist  at 
Aberdean,  at  Oapar-Flfe,  1845,  and  at  Belfast,  1860  (?) 
tin  death ;  pablUbed  *  Letters  on  the  .  .  .  Condition  of 
the  Higfalanrta.'  1847,  biographiei  and  travels.  [vU.  103] 

BB>iraB,  JAMBS,  eighth  Barl  of  Elgin  and  twelfth 
OF  K.C(CARD[>*E  0811-186SX  dlplomntlst ;  oeoond 
ef  Tboouu  Brnoe,  serrenth  earl  of  Blgio.  [q.  v.] ; 
cdiuatBl  at  Bton  and  Oxford ;  fellow  of  Merton,  1838 ; 
Mf.  Soattempton,  1841;  eaoceeded  to  the  peerage, 
IMl:  gorenior  of  Jamaica,  184S;  govemor-generol  of 
f!m»aA^  1847-M,  daring  a  poriod  of  (Ustress  and  unrest ; 
amy  to  China,  1857 ;  negotiated  the  treaty  of  Tientsin, 
1158:  -nuited  Japui  and  ooncladed  a  treaty,  1868  :  post- 
iissln  gniriil  1859 ;  env<7  to  China,  1860-1,  punishing 
fkeempnor^  treachery  by  destroying  the  summer  palace 
St  Pdin :  Tkseroy  of  India,  1862.  [rii.  1043 

BKirCCB.  Sn  JAMES  LEWIS  KNIGHT.  (1791-1866). 
i:  known  as  J.  K  Knight  till  September  1837 :  edu- 
at  Siaixntie  school;  solicitor:  called  to  bar  at 
I's  Inn,  1817 ;  practifled  in  the  equity  courts ;  M.P. 
ior  BWiop's  Castle,  18S1 :  Tice^shonoellor  and  knighted, 
1811:  diief  judge  in  bankraptqr,  1842;  lord  justice  of 
ipped,  IBSl.  [viL  106] 

BEUOE,  JOHN  (1746-1826X  historian :  educated  at 
B^nboigh,  where  be  was  professor  of  logic :  keeper  of 
theiUte  paper  oflkse:  historiographer  to  t^e  Eaai  India 
Qompsoy;  M^.  for  Michael,  Cornwall,  1809-14;  joint 
kiag^  printer  for  Scotland  ;  pablisbed  philosophical  and 
Idrtocieal  works.  [vli.  107] 

nUGB,  JOHN  (1803-1869),  antiquary:  educated 
pBitlyat  Aberdeen ;  lawyer ;  derated  himself  to  historical 
Rwucii  from  1840  ;  emted  the  Calendars  of  Domestio 
State  Papers  for  1626-^9;  pablisbed  numerous  historical 
tnetk  [vii.  108] 

nUCB,  JOHN  OOLUNaWOOD  (1806-1892),  anti- 
Qovy;  MJL  Glasgow,  1826 ;  LL.D.,  1863  ;  proprietor  of 
mej  Street  academy,  Newcastle,  1834-63 ;  F.S.  A.,  1H62 : 
HoHary  and  Tioe-president  of  Society  of  Antiquaries  of 
KevaatlB,  1846 ;  pablisbed  antiquarian  works. 

[Suppl.  L  326] 

nVGB,  Sra  JOHN  HOPE  (1684  7-1766),  baronet  of 
Bnioss;  reputed  author  of  the  ballad  *  Hardyknute  * ; 
lemnor  of  Bennada,  1721 ;  lieutenant-general,  1768 ; 
ILP.  for  Ktauon-shire.  [viL  109] 

nVOB,  MICHAEL  0636-1698),  Irish  presbyterian ; 
XX  Winborgh,  1654;  minister  of  Killinchy,  oo.Down, 
1117;  ff>nttnw»d  to  preach,  in  defiance  of  the  bishop, 
IMO;  oatlawed,  1664;  retumetl  to  Scotland,  1666;  sen- 
tetOBd  to  tzansportatioo  for  field-preaching,  July  1668; 
tatprisoned  in  Londim:  allowed  to  return  to  KiUinchy, 
1170:  driven  oot  by  the  r^)ellion,  1688;  minister  at 
iavoth,  Wigtooahire,  1689  till  death.  [yU.  109] 

nVCB,  MKTHAEL  (1CM-1736X  Irish  presbyterian : 
ddat  HO  of  James  Bruce  (1660  7-1730)  [q.  v.]  ;  minister 
o(  Holywood,  co.  Down,  1711 ;  held  liberal  opinions  in 
tiKQlos7 :  a  leMier  of  the  *  non-subscribers  *  (to  the  West- 
BiBrterOoaleBBkniX  1720.  [viL  111] 

BEVOB,  MICHAEL  (1746-1767^  poet ;  son  of  a  poor 
VBTer  in  Kinrow-shire ;  at  one  time  a  herd-boy ;  edu- 
cttedttBdinbaigb  UniTersity,  1762-6  :  taught  school  in 
Kiimias4faii«  and  Clackmannanshire,  1766-6;  died  of 
cowrapCian;  his  poems  publi^slied  posthumously,  1770. 
TIk  'Ode  to  the  Cuckoo'  La  variously  attributed  to  him 
>B<1  to  John  Logan.  [vii.  Ill] 

BEVCB,  PETER  HENRY  (1692-1767),  militory  engi- 
B«r;  bom  in  Wes^halia ;  of  Scottish  descent ;  educated 
b  SooUand,  1696;  studied  fortification  in  (Germany, 
1704;  entered  the  PFuasian  service,  1706;  entered  the 
Brndaii  service  and  visited  Constantinople,  1711 ;  attended 
P^ter  the  Great  at  ooort  and  in  the  field,  1711-24 ;  settled 
i>  fieoUand,  1794 ;  saperintended  fortificaUons  at  the 
1740-i,  and   in    Scotland,    1746;    published 

[vU.  118] 

mrCB,  ROBERT  DK  I  (d.  1094?),  founder  of  the 
tedj  in  England  and  Scotland.  He  came  from  Bruis,  a 
oitte  near  Oberboorg,  with  William  the  Conqueror,  1066, 
ud  reeeived  large  grants  of  land  in  (Cleveland,  York- 
•ite.  [ViL  114] 

mrOI,  ROBERT  DK  n  (1078  7-1141),  son  of  Robert 
^  Bnoe  I  [q.  v.]  ;  a  oompuiion  of  David  I  of  Scotland 


at  the  court  of  Henry  I ;  received  the  lordship  of  Annan- 
dale,  in  Dnmfriessliire,  1124;  benefactor  to  the  churoh 
in  Yorkshire;  forfeited  Annandale  by  fighting  on  the 
English  side,  1138.  [vU.  114] 

BBTTOB,  ROBERT  he  HI  (Jl.  1188-1189?),  second 
son  oi  Robert  de  Bruce  II  [q.  v.] ;  received  the  lord^p 
of  Annandale,  possibly  in  1188  ;  confirmed  in  it,  1166. 

[viL  114] 

BBT70E,  ROBERT  dk  IY,  son  of  Robert  de  Bruce  III 
[q.  v.]  ;  died  before  1191,  possibly  during  his  father's  life- 
time. [viL  116] 

BBT7CB,  ROBERT  dk  V  (d.  1246),  son  of  William  de 
Bruce  (<i.  1216),  son  and  heir  of  Robert  de  Bruce  III 
[q.  v.]  His  marriage  with  Isabel,  second  daughter  of 
Itaivid,  earl  of  Huntingdon,  younger  brother  of  WiUiam 
the  Lion,  founded  the  claijm  of  his  descendants  to  tlie 
crown.  [viL  116] 

BBXKTE,  ROBERT  DK  YI  (1210-1296),  caUed  the 
Competitor,  from  his  claim  to  the  crown ;  son  of  Robert 
de  Bruce  Y  [q.  v.] :  recoguLsed  as  hdr-presum^re, 
1238-41 ;  married  Isabel,  daughter  of  Gilbert  de  Clare, 
earl  of  Gloucester,  1244  ;  succeeded  his  father  as  Lord  of 
Annandale,  1246;  a  justiciary  in  England,  1260;  suc- 
ceeded to  his  mother's  Englitih  estates,  1251 ;  one  of  the 
regents  in  Scotland,  1256  ;  frequently  a  justiciary  in  Eng- 
land from  1267;  sheriff  of  Cumberland  and  warden  of 
Carlisle  Castle ;  fought  for  Henry  I II  in  the  barons'  want ; 
chief- justice  of  the  king's  bench,  1268 ;  returned  to  Scot- 
land, 1272 ;  recognised  the  right  of  Princess  Margaret  to 
the  crown,  1284 ;  entered  a  league  to  assert  his  own  claim, 
1286;  assented  to  the  marriage  of  Princess  Margaret 
with  Edward,  prince  of  Wales,  and  the  union  of  Scotland 
and  England,  1290 ;  accepted  arbitration  of  Edwaid  I  on  his 
claim  to  the  crown,  1291 ;  prepared  to  resiMt  an  unfavour- 
able decision,  June  1292;  prevented  by  bis  great  age 
from  further  action,  when  Eilwnnl  I  decided  in  fa\-our  of 
John  de  Baliol  [q.  v.],  November  1292.  [vii.  116] 

BRT70E,  ROBERT  de  YII  (1263-1304),  son  of  the 
Competitor,  Robert  de  Bruce  Yl  [q.  v.]  ;  styled  Earl  op 
Carrick  ijurf  uTorU)^  1274  7-92;  afterwards  styled 
Lord  op  Akkakdaia;  accompanied  Edward,  prince  of 
Wales,  on  the  crusade,  1269;  married  Marjory,  countess 
of  Carrick,  e.  1274  ;  envoy  of  Alexander  III,  1278  ;  privy 
to  his  father's  designs  on  the  crown,  1286-92 ;  absent  in 
Norway,  1293  ;  paid  homage  to  Edwaid  I  for  his  English 
fiefs,  became  warden  of  GarlL«le  Castle,  and  joined  Ed- 
ward I  in  his  war  with  John  dc  Baliol  [q.  v.],  1296  ;  paid 
homage  to  Edwurd  I,  as  king  of  Scotland,  24  Aug.  1296, 
and  thenceforward  lived  in  England.  [viL  116] 

BBTTOE,  ROBERT  DR  Yin  (1274-1329),  king  and 
liberator  of  Scotland ;  son  of  Robert  de  Bruce  YII  [q.  v.] ; 
Earl  of  Carrick  on  his  mother's  death,  1292 ;  paid  homage 
to  Edward  I,  a<i  king  of  Scotland,  24  Aug.  1296  ;  refused, 
with  other  Scottish  nobles,  to  accompany  Edward  I  to 
Flanders,  1297,  and  ravaged  the  lands  of  Edward's  adhe- 
rents ;  was  still  in  arms  against  Edwaid  in  1298 ;  co- 
regent  of  Scotland,  1299  ;  during  Edward's  invasion  of 
Scotland,  1302-4,  apparently  favoured  Edward,  but  was 
r^dly  in  treaty  with  the  patriotic  party ;  murdered  John 
Comyn,  at  Dumfries,  lU  Feb.  1306;  crowned  king  at 
Scone,  27  March  ;  defeated  at  Methven,  19  June ;  wan- 
dsrod  in  the  central  and  western  highland.4.  and  sought 
shelter  on  the  island  of  Rachrine,  on  north  coast  of 
Antrim  ;  excommunicated  and  outlawed  ;  returned  to 
Arran,  and  thence  to  Ourick ;  won  the  battle  of  Loudon 
HiU,  10  May  1307,  but  had  to  fall  back  for  a  time; 
harried  the  land^  of  hLs  chief  opponents,  Buchan  and 
Lome,  1308;  recognised  as  kiuf?  by  the  Scottish  cleric, 
1810 ;  the  Hebrides  ceded  to  him  by  the  king  of  NonK-ay. 
1312 ;  raided  the  north  of  England,  1312, 1313 ;  defeated 
Ldward  II  at  Bannockbum,  24  June  1314 ;  subdued  the 
Hebrides,  1316;  joiued  his  brother,  Edward  Bruce  (d. 
1818)  [q.  v.],  in  a  campaiffn  in  Ireland,  1317;  took  Ber- 
wick, 1318 ;  initiated  legislation  for  the  defence  and  ad- 
ministration of  the  kingdom :  conspiracy  of  Sir  William 
Soulis  against  him  detected,  1320 ;  bafBed  an  invasion  l^ 
Edward  II,  and  ravaged  Yorkshire,  1822 ;  recognised  by 
the  pope  as  king  of  Scotland,  1823 ;  settled  the  succession, 
1326;  concluded  peace  \>dih  Edward  III,  April  1828; 
.  died  of  leprosy ;  bis  body  buried  at  Dunfermline,  his 
'  heart  (wliich  had  been  destined  for  Jerusalem)  at  Mel- 
I  rose.  He  married,  first,  Isabella,  daughter  of  Donald, 
i  earl  of  Mar,  and  had  by  her  a  daughter,  Marjory,  through 


BBUOB 


160 


BBXJNNB 


whom  the  crown  descended  to  the  Btuartfi:  secondly, 
Elizabeth  de  Burgh,  daughter  of  the  Earl  of  Ulster,  by 
whom  he  had  a  sou,  David  Bruce  [q.  t.](  his  suocesaor. 

[vii.  117] 

BBTTCX,  ROBERT  id.  1602X  political  agent  and  spy ; 
in  service  of  James  Beaton,  archbishop  of  (Glasgow,  and 
of  Mary  Stuart;  studied  at  Scottish  Ck>llege,  Pont-&- 
Mousson,  15S1-5 ;  sent  by  Duke  of  Guise  and  Prince  of 
Parma  as  envoy  to  James  VI  of  Scotland,  1587,  and  tried, 
unsuooessfnlly,  to  win  him  to  Roman  catholic  cause  :  Im- 
prit^ned  at  BrusBela  on  charge  of  misappropriating  funds 
and  betraying  plans,  1599-1600 ;  in  Scotland,  leui ;  died 
in  Paris :  left  unfinished  a  work  against  the  Jesuits. 

[Suppl.  L  326] 

BBrUGB,  ROBERT  (1554-1631),  Scottish  presbyterian ; 
studied  law  at  Paris  and  theology  at  St.  Andrews ;  presby- 
terian minister  in  Edinburgh,  1587;  moderator  of  the 
general  assembly,  1588  and  1593;  anointed  Anne  of 
Denmark  at  her  coronation,  1590  :  resisted  the  attempt  to 
introduce  episcopacy  into  Scotland,  1596  ;  ordered  to 
leave  Edinburgh,  1600 ;  confined  to  Inverness,  1605-9,  and 
again  16S0-4 ;  resided  chiefly  on  his  estate  of  Kinnaird, 
Stirlingshire,  1624  till  death;  published  sermons  in  the 
Scottish  dialect.  [vii.  128] 

BBTTOE,  ROBERT  (d.  1685),  succeeded  as  second 
Barl  of  Bloiv,  1663,  and  created  Earl  of  Ailrsbort, 
1664 ;  joint  lord-lieutenant  of  Bedfordshire,  1660,  and 
lord-lieutenant,  1667  ;  privy  councillor,  1678 ;  lord  cham- 
berlain, 1685.  [viL  129] 

BBTTOE,  THOMAS,  third  Earl  of  Elgin  and  second 
Earl  of  Ailesburt  (1655  7-1741),  eldest  surviving  son 
of  Robert  Bruce  (d.  1685),  second  earl  [q.  v.] ;  succeeded  to 
the  earldom,  1685  ;  courUer  of  James  II,  1688 ;  imprisoned 
as  a  Jacobite,  1690, 1696  ;  resided  in  Brussels,  1696-1741. 

[viL  130] 

BBTTOE,  THOMAS,  seventh  Earl  of  Eloin  and 
eleventh  Earl  of  Kincardine  (1766-1841),  succeeded 
in  1771 ;  educated  at  Harrow  and  in  Paris  ;  entered  the 
army,  1785;  envoy  to  tlic  emperor,  1790:  to  Brusseht, 
1792;  to  Berlin,  1795 ;  and  to  the  Porte,  1799-1803 ;  de- 
tained in  Prance,  1803-6 ;  major-general,  1837.  He  em- 
ployed artists  to  make  drawings  of  sculptures,  dec,  at 
Athens,  1800-3,  and  arranged  for  the  conveyance  of  the 
Parthenon  friese,  dtc,  to  England,  1803-12.  He  sold  these 
*  Elgin  marbles  *  to  the  nation,  1816.  [viL  130] 

BBXJCB,  Sir  WILLIAM  (d.  1710),  architect,  of  Kin- 
ross ;  designed  Holyrood  House,  1671-9,  and  several  man- 
sions in  Scotland ;  Intrigued  for  the  Restoration ;  clerk 
to  the  bills,  1660  ;  created  baronet,  1668 ;  king's  surveyor  in 
Sootkknd,  1671 ;  M.P.  for  Kinross-shire,  1681.    [vii.  131] 

BBTTOB,  WILLIAM  (1702-1755),  a  publisher  in 
Dublin :  published  pamphlets.  [vii.  132] 

BBTTOE,  WILLIAM  (1757-1811),  theologian;  edu- 
cated at  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  and  Warrington  aca- 
demy ;  presbyterian  minister  at  Lisbum,  1779,  in  Dublin, 
1782,  and  in  Belfast,  1789-1831  ? ;  principal  of  Belfast 
academy.  1790-1832;  D.D.  Glasgow,  1786;  a  founder  of 
the  Unitarian  Sode^,  1831 ;  reiideut  in  Dublin,  1836 ; 
published  ezegetical  works.  [vii.  133] 

BBTTOE,  WILLIAM  (1790-1868),  Irish  prcsbvterian  ; 
second  son  of  William  Bruce  (1757-1841)  [q.  v.] ;  B.A. 
Trinity  College,  Dublin,  1809;  presbyterian  minister  in 
Belfast,  1812-67  ;  professor  of  classics  and  Hebrew,  1821- 
1825,  and  of  Hebrew,  1825-49,  in  Belfast  academy;  in- 
clined to  unitarianism  ;  a  loader  of  the  *  non-subscribers,* 
1862 ;  published  controversial  works.  [viL  135] 

BBUOXirEB,  JOHN  (1726-1804X  Lutheran  divine; 
bom  in  Zeeland :  educated  at  Franeker :  Lutheran  pastor 
at  Leyden;  pastor  of  the  Walloon  churoh  at  Norwich, 
1753-1804,  and  of  the  Dutch  church  there,  1766-1804; 
taught  French ;  oommitted  suicide.  [viL  135] 

BBTTDBHELL,  JAMES  THOMAS,  seventh  Earl  of 
Oardiuan  (1797-1868),  lieutenant-general ;  involved  by 
his  domineering  temper  in  constant  wrangles  with  lils 
brother  officers ;  M.P.  for  Marlborough,  1818-29  :  comet, 
1824;  lieutenant-colonel  by  purchase,  1830:  M.P.  for 
North  Northamptonshire,  1832;  commanded  the  I5th 
hussars,  1832-3,  and  the  Uth  hussars,  1836-47  ;  succeeded 
to  the  earldom,  1837 ;  major-general,  1847 :  commanded 
the  light  cavalry  brigade  in  the  Crimea,  and  destroyed  it 


In  the  famous  *  charge,*  1854 ;  colonel  of  the  5th  dragoon 
guards,  1859,  and  of  the  11th  hussars,  1860 :  lieutenani- 
general,  1861.  [viL  136] 

BBTTDBNBLL,  ROBERT  (1461-1531X  jadge;  edu- 
cated at  Cambridge ;  barrister  before  1490 ;  MJ*.,  1603 ; 
serjeant-at-law,  1504 ;  justice  of  the  king's  bench,  1507 ; 
justice  of  the  common  pleaa,  1509,  and  chief-justice,  1531-> 
1631.  [ViL  138] 

BBTTBir,  JOHN  (1560-1636),  a  typical  puritan  lay- 
man :  sent  to  St.  Alban  Hall,  Oxford,  1577  :  marrieil  aoii 
became  a  hunting  squire,  1580 ;  began  to  practise  great 
strictness  in  rdigious  observances,  1587;  his  hotue  fr^ 
quented  by  puritans ;  lived  latterly  in  Chester. 

[ViL  139] 

BBTTEBKE,  RICHARD  (15197-1565),  ecclesiastic; 
obnoxious  to  tlie  reformers;  fellow  of  Lincoln  College, 
Oxford,  1538,  and  of  Eton,  1545  ;  B.D.,  1547 ;  professor  of 
Hebrew,  Oxford,  1548-59 ;  canon  of  Christ  Churab,  1553, 
and  of  Windsor,  1557  ;  elected  provcAt  of  Eton,  I56I,  bat 
liis  election  annulled.  [viL  140] 

BBTT0I8,  THOMAS  (Jt.  1640?),  army  surgeon  durinf 
the  dvil  war,  afterwards  in  pmctice  at  Kcbnansworth, 
Hertfordshire :  published  medical  handbooks.  [viL  140] 

BBtfHL,  JOHN  MAURICE,  Count  of  (1736-1809), 
diplomatist  and  astronomer ;  bom  in  Saxony ;  studied  at 
Leipzig;  employed  in  the  Saxon  diplomatic  service  at 
Paris,  1755,  and  Warsaw,  1759 ;  ambassador  to  Lontlon, 
1764-1809 ;  published  astronomical  works.       [viL  141] 

BBXTMMELL,  GEORGE  BRYAN  (1778-1840),  gene- 
rally called  Bkau  Brummrll  ;  educated  at  Eton  ;  cornet 
hi  the  loth  hussars,  1794;  captain,  1796;  retired,  1798; 
friend  of  the  prince  regent,  and  leader  of  fashion  in  Lon- 
don; retired  to  Calais  in  debt,  1816;  removed  to  Oaeu, 
1830 ;  died  in  the  asylum  there.  [viL  141  ] 

BBXINJETTS,  THOMAS  id.  1380).  [See  Bromb, 
Thomas.] 

BBXJNBISH,  JOHN  JELLIAND  id.  1786),  poetical 
writer :  fellow  of  Caius  College,  Cambridge :  author  of 
*  An  Elegy  on  a  Family  Tomb,'  1783.  [vii.  142] 

BBUITBL,  ISAMBARD  KINGDOM  (1806-1859).  dvU 
engineer ;  only  son  of  Sir  Marc  L  Brand  [q.  v.]  ;  educated 
privately  and  in  Paris ;  clerk  to  his  father,  1823  ;  resident 
engineer  of  the  Thames  tunnel,  1826 :  designed  ClifUm 
suspension  bridge,  1881 ;  engineer  to  the  Great  Western 
railway,  1833  ;  applied  the  screw  propeller  to  steamsliipa, 
1845 :  designed  the  Great  Eastem  steamship,  1852-8 ;  de- 
signed numerous  docks  and  bridges,  both  iron  and 
masonry;  an  advocate  of  broad-gauge  railways  and  of 
very  large  steamers;  invented  improvements  in  ar> 
tillery.  [vii.  143] 

BBTTNEL,  Sir  MARC  ISAMBARD  (1 769-1 849X  dvU 
engineer;  bom  in  Normandy;  educated  for  the  churoh 
at  Gisors  and  Rouen :  served  for  six  years  in  French 
navy ;  emigrated  to  America,  1793 ;  practised  as  sarveyor, 
arciiitecty  and  dvil  engineer :  planned  the  defences  of  New 
York ;  came  to  England,  1799,  to  patent  his  maohineiy 
for  making  ships'  blocks ;  erected  saw-miUs  with  im- 
proved machhieiy,  1805-12;  improved  dockyard  ma- 
chinery at  Chatham,  1812 ;  experimented  in  steam  navi- 
gation, 1812 ;  imprisoned  for  debt,  1821 ;  improved  docks 
at  Liverpool,  1823-6 ;  engineer  of  Thames  tunnel,  1833- 
1843 ;  knighted,  1841.  [vlL  144] 

BBUNINO.  ANTHONY  (1716-1776X  Jesuit,  1733; 
served  in  the  English  mission ;  professor  at  Li^ ;  left  In 
manuscript  theological  treatises.  [vlL  147] 

BBTTNUrO,  GEORGE  (1738-1802),  Jesuit,  1756  ;  served 
in  the  English  mission ;  lived  at  East  Hendred,  Berkshire, 
and  at  Isleworth ;  published  theological  tracts. 

[ViL  147] 

BBXnrLBBS,  Sir  JAMES  (1816-1892X  dvil  engineer ; 
engaged  in  gardening  and  farm  work ;  studied  at  Edin- 
burgh University;  assistant  to  (Sir)  John  Hawkshaw 
[q.  v.]  on  Lancashire  and  Yorkshire  railvray ;  prepared 

Elans  for  several  railways  in  Bnuril  from  1856,  and  assisted 
I  Mersey  railway:  knighted,  1886:  constmcted  Avao> 
mouth  dock,  Bristol,  1868-77 ;  M.LC.B.,  1852,  and  preil- 
dent,  1882-3 ;  wrote  on  engineering  subjects. 

[Suppl.  L  338] 
I        BBUNNE,  ROBERT  DB,  or  Manxtko  (A  ia88>1338> 
'  [See  Mannyhto.] 


[Q.  •■], 

»-lBi9),8eot(Hh1n. 

•olicilor,  I  Bill :  wiril* 


r.  LOO»A(lTM7-l»»K  [S«Cnsi-ra.] 
,  HARY  <1T78-I81I<).  novellnt;  bnrn  In 
tA  Alemdn-  Bnmt™  [q-'.]'-  KtUsl  lu 

a:  wtmiioRit.  [tu-mx] 

XKintTOa,  WILLIAM  (I7;7-ISII),  eii«lD«r  iiul  lO' 
mlDF:  nrknff   oipinBET.   17WI:    nnj^ysi  iu    Buulton 
L  Sobo.  1796-1819:  luvl  M-orkE  ol  bli 
-    181B-!1 ;  1  cLvll  dngiiiffir  Ln  Loudon, 


Klkaic^ltnat 


niTTTOir,    NICHOLAS 


.  'y^* 


mu.  1 


.  1109).  Junliite  pi 


nTUI,   KATTHEW  (d. 

Antid  M  Oitord:  S.CJ.  ( «  .^ 

KJbjrt  Kewlngton,  and   lertdrer 

^•tnfUiDB  in  Flret  Stnct ;  pabllohed 

UTIM.  nCHAEL  (17»T-I8I1), 
*W  LB  Ftedden,  i:8J-M;  iffeat  (« 
^pAjut  pictnrs,  l7ftS-lS04  ;  pnbllft] 
, . .  amsanj  of  Filntsi  uid  Kngnr 


r  of  a  Jacobite 

■1  ■  Wognpbloil 
[»ll.  16S] 


tripllon  I 

1,  i:m: 


:  pabUnbel  UvhUsh 


(bpoLo^ca]  pubjcct*. 

BSTOE,  Rm  ALBXAKDER  (d.  1) 


4  rOrtlflcBtloiu, 
D<lB0I-lg7«1.i 


iHn. 


rnyiBj 


BKYOX,  JAMES. 

BBTOX.  JAMSS,  tbe 
thIM  Km  of   Jiiiim  Bi^c 


s;  rertsBd  tbe  ''Scottiili 
'ctln  OMegt.  [TlL  1H] 
r  (17«T-1MT).ai.lna:  hIo- 
'  Ibe  ADtl-baT^lm  cbon^b, 
.niitcror  tte  Aaa-bvniha 
Ttf.  iHU6-t7 :  tmatirT  or  tb« 
iniL  [tU.  IDS] 

ingrr  (IRM-lSTT),  gnlonit : 
thr  ddci  [q. ».];   nHuatoa 


ii™™„i  .....  „^L_  riuwrcli'i  -Lt™'  (irai-gj, 
xapliUil  tita  bLi  dnth  b}  Uohi  Sa  »hL     [rij.  IIHI] 

IXTAB,  Sir  FRANOIS  (<I.  UBO),  cnortler  ud  diplo' 
MM;  HpUfai of  ■  iblp-of 'WAr,  IB13;  In  bl^b  bTOcrrat 
Bid]  Vnt^  eoart,  Itlt :  knighted  for  nrrlce  In  the 
fc»,lHl;  nnploTol  InKTml  miMions  to  Frenw,  !S2S- 

*«m  CitheiiM>  dlToroe,  ISM,  .urt  diaplnyol  gimt 
wrtT  In  forwudlng  tlie  mue  of  hli  oouiitii.  Anne 
U^:  died  OittieniM  lo  iipi»r  beloTC  OnnnH^r.  1S33: 

tt*  hil  of  Onnonde,  uvl  vgnt  to  InUnd  u  lonl  rrwr- 
[TiL  IW] 
lotcd  st  Blon  ' 


■pm  on  tbe  geoloflj  ol  tbe  nortb  ol  IrrUuid  unil  of 
cntliiid.  [tU.  US] 

BSTSALL.  JOHN  (».  1B»  I),  U«-vrlKr:  of  QDwn'i 
lutcr  of  tbenllL  '  [^.  IH] 

BRTDOEB.  BDIIUND,  Kconil  Bahoh  Oiijinikik  (4. 
STBi.elilwt  snriirtnK  ion  of  HIr  Jobn  BmllTM  [1- T.], 

[yIL  leii 
BKYSOBB,  GEI>It(IE.  sixth    HAnnN   CH.iN1>n«   (d. 
H.16I,  -utwBlal  to  tbp  bsrony,  1631 ;  loUflit  In  Urn  dill 
itr.  ItU.  Ill] 

I  (IMT- 


rtl.le^ 


BBTDCES.  JAMBS,  flret  1 
17M>,  M"    ■       "      -    ■    --- 
the  tnro 
Chnnilon,  si 


ity,  1S98-17U;    pm7m»»l«-of 


d  mtc  of  ClBiiido^  1J18 ;  lord  lleutenaot  of  Here- 

UniienSty  :  hnUt  the  pre«l  Ioum  at  CiEOb!.  near  Bdg- 
«>n>;  jHtmiiat  Handil:  uUriaed  by  Pope.    [vll.  IGl] 

BBTI10E8.  SlHjOHS.flretBARosOHANIKwCUMT- 
IBH);  BoDian  cathoUo;  kulgbled,  1M3:  XTTUit  sod 
compMiion  of  H«n>y  VIII,  1631:  couiUbls  of  SudekT 
□ucle.  1638:  HTVEd  in  Pnuice,  IHi;  llmtmaDt  of  Che 
-'  Wyact's  rebellion, 


Tov-er.  1603  to  June  1A64;  Boppifased  VTyAtt' 
■Dd  wu  cnsted  Bsron  niuuidoe  of  Suddry.  16 
~-  -"Lperiiilend  Ibe  eiecu"--  ''  ™-'- —  " — 


■tGtoa- 


flttXSUXa,    mH   dAHUKL    iUifinil'.^     ^lloi'l»i;, 

Wbliographer  >iid   sennlogiet ;    odumtBi    »(    Qdmih' 
O^tEge,  CuDbrldce,  ITM 1  buciater  of  Ibe  Iliddls  Ampls, 


fiRYDaES 


162 


BUOHANAK 


1787:  arged  hia  elder  brother  to  claim  the  barony  of 
Chaudos,  1790-1808 :  is^ned  bibliographical  and  genea- 
logical works;  resided  at  Lee  Priory,  near  Canterbury, 
1810-18,  iftsaing  from  his  private  pre»  reprints  of  rare 
Bnglish  pieces;  M.P.  for  Maidstone,  1818-18:  created 
baronet,  1814 :  lived  chiefly  at  Geneva  after  1818.  His 
bibliographical  books  are  nameroos  and  valaable;  his 
poems  and  novels  mediocre.  [vii,  164] 

BBYDOES,  Sir  THOMAS  (d.  1569).  son  of  Sir  John 
Brydges  [q.  v.],  lieutenant  of  Tower,  1554.        [viL  164] 

BBTDOH,  WILLIAM  (1811-1873),  army  surgeon; 
went  to  India,  1835 ;  sole  survivor  of  the  retreat  from 
Oabul,  1843  ;  in  the  sieges  of  Jellalabad,  1842,  and  of 
Lucknow,  1857 ;  settled  in  Scotland,  1859.         [vii.  166] 

BBYDOmS,  PATRICK  (1736-1818),  traveller:  tra- 
velled partly  as  a  tutor,  in  Switzerland,  Italy,  Sicily,  and 
Malta,  1765-71 ;  lived  latterly  in  Berwickshire  ;  published 
travels  and  papers  on  electricity.  [Wi.  166] 

BBYDSOK,  THOMAS  (1806-1855),  poet ;  educated  at 
Glasgow  and  Bdlnburgh ;  minister  of  Kilmalcolm,  Ren- 
frewshire, 184S-65.  [viL  167] 

BBTEB,  HBNRY  (d.  1799),  engraver  and  print- 
seller  in  London.  [vii.  167] 

BBTEBWOOD,  BDWARD  (1565  7-1613).  [See 
Brrrrwood.] 

BBT0HTWELL  or  BRTTHWELL,  THOMAS  (d. 
1890),  fellow  of  Merton  College,  Oxford :  a  Wyclifflte ; 
submitted  to  the  church,  138S :  prebendary  of  St  Paulas, 
1386,  and  of  Lincoln ;  chancellor  of  Oxford  University, 
1888 ;  D.D.  [vlL  167] 


,  ALBBRTUS  (1621 7-1677 ?X  composer: 
organist  of  St.  Paul's,  c  1638,  of  Westminster  Abbey,  and 
of  Dulwich  (College,  1671-7.  [vii.  168] 

BBTinarBLL,  THOMAS  (d.  1539  ?).     [See  Brink- 

NBLL.] 

BBT8KETT.  LODOWIOK  or  LEWIS  (Jt.  1571- 
1611),  translator ;  of  Italian  origin;  educated  at  Trinity 
College,  Cambridge,  1559 ;  official  in  Ireland,  1571 ;  ac- 
companied Philip  Sidney  on  his  continental  tour,  1572-5  ; 
hMd  offices  under  govemmoit  in  Ireland,  1577-1600 ; 
friend  of  Edmund  Spenser,  1682  ;  Irish  landowner,  1606  ; 
published  translations  and  poems,  contributing  two 
elegiea  to  Spenser's  *  Astrophel,*  1586.  [vii.  168] 

BBTSOH,  ALEXANDER  (1802-1869),  medical 
writer ;  educated  at  Edinburgh  and  Glasgow ;  naval  sur- 
geon, 1827 :  director-general  of  the  naval  medical  de- 
partment, 1864.  [vii.  169] 

BBTSOK.  JAMBS  (1730  7-1796),  Irish  presbyterian ; 
sinister  at  Lisbum,  1764,  and  at  Belfast,  1773  ;  an  origi- 
nator of  the  Orange  Society,  1795  :  published  sermons. 

[vii.  169] 

BBYSOH,  WILLIAM  (1730-1815X  Irish  presby- 
terian;  minister  of  the  'non-subscribers*  at  Antrim, 
1764-1810  ;  published  sermons.  [vii.  170] 

BI7C  or  BXTCJK,  Sir  GEOEtGB  (d.  1623),  poet;  went 
on  the  expedition  to  Cadiz,  1696  ;  Imighted,  1603  ;  master 
of  the  revels  and  licenser  of  plays,  1608-22 ;  author  of 
poenn  and  works  on  English  history.  [vii.  170] 

BTTOCLEUOM,  DuKRS  of.  [See  Scott,  Henrt,  third 
DuKB,  1746-1812 ;  ScoTT,  Waltkr  Francis,  fifth  Dijkb, 
1806-1884.] 

BVOBR  or  BUTZXR,  MARTIN  (1491-1551),  protes- 
tant  divine;  entered  Dominican  monastery  at  Schlett- 
8tadt,his  native  town,  1608 ;  studied  atHeidelberg,  where 
he  heard  Luther  dispute,  April  1618 ;  corresponded  with 
Luther,  and  became  a  protestant;  obtained  papal  dis- 
pensation  from  bis  monastic  vow,  1521 ;  became  pastor  at 
Landtttuhl,  in  the  Palatinate,  1522 ;  travelled  in  order 
to  propagate  reformei  doctrines ;  preached  at  Weissen- 
burg,  in  Lower  Alsace,  1622  or  1523,  and  was  excom- 
municated ;  took  refuge  in  Strassburg,  1623,  where  he 
became  representative  reformer  ;  lived  mainly  at  Strass- 
burg  till  1549;  favoured  the  tenets  of  Zwingli  in  the 
great  cucharistio  controversy,  1626-30,  and  was  con- 
sequently involved  in  controversy  both  with  Luther 
and  bis  followers  and  with  Erasmus :  consulted  by 
Henry  YIII  about  his  divorce  from  Catherine  of  Arragon ; 


laboured  after  Zwlngli's  death  to  find  a  oommontteta* 
meut  of  belief  which  would  unite  the  Latherana,  the  in- 
formed churches  of  South  Germany,  and  the  Swiss 
church,  1631-8;  censured  Servetos,  1531;  approved  of 
Calvin's  views  on  church  discipline,  1638 ;  cousolfeed  by 
the  promoters  of  the  attempt  to  reconcile  protestsmts  and 
catholics,  1640-6,  and  by  the  archbishop  of  Cologne  in 
the  effort  to  protestantise  his  diocese,  1641-8 ;  oaoaed 
Strassburg  to  resist  to  the  last  the  interim  Ixnpoeed  bv 
Charles  T,  1648  ;  but  wa;*  forced  to  withdraw  to  laigUnd, 
April  1549  ;  kindly  received  in  London  by  Oimnmer,  Bd- 
wanl  VI,  and  the  Protector  Somerset;  was  appointed 
regius  professor  of  divinity  at  Cambridge,  1549,  when 
his  views  excited  much  controversy ;  oonsulted  as  to  tbt 
Book  of  Common  Prayer,  1660 ;  buried  in  the  onivosi^ 
church,  1551 ;  his  body  exhumed  by  Queen  Mary's  oom- 
missioners,  1567  ;  produced  ninety-six  separate  treatteett. 

[TiL  179] 
BUCHAJT,  BARLfi  OF.  [See  Oomtv,  Alkxaxdbs 
second  Barl,  d.  1289 ;  Comyn,  John,  third  Barl,  d, 
1313  ?  ;  Stkwakt,  Alkxandgr,  first  Earl  of  the  second 
creation,  13437-1405  T  ;  Strwart,  Johx,  first  Barl  o( 
the  third  creation,  1381 7-1424 ;  Brskink,  Jambs,  rixth 
Barl  of  the  fourth  creation,  if.  1640 ;  Brskhvb,  Datid 
Steuart,  eleventh  Barl,  1742-1829.] 

BXJOHAH,  ALEXANDER  PETER  (1764-18S4), 
physician ;  son  of  William  Buchan  [q.  v.] ;  studied  Ui 
London,  Edinburgh,  and  Leyden  (M.D.,  1798) ;  pnMStised 
in  London ;  published  mediod  tracts.  [tu.  178] 

BXJCHAH,  ANDREW  OF  (<f.  1309  ?),  bishop  of  Caith- 
ness, 1296 ;  Cistercian ;  abbot  en  Cnpar- Angus,  1279. 

rviLlW] 

BT70HAH  or  8IKPS0K,  BL8PBTH  a7S8-17tlX 
foandress  of  the  *Buchanite*  sect  (extinct  1848V.  wHe  of 
a  potter ;  separated  from  him,  1781 ;  penmaded  Hash 
White,  Rell^  minister  of  Irvine,  that  die  was  intplrn, 
1783  :  on  being  expdled  from  Irvine,  settled  in  Cloeebom, 
Dumfries,  1784.  [vlL  178] 

BT7CHAH,  PETER  (1790-1854),  ooUeotor  of  Scottish 
ballads ;  by  the  help  of  his  kinsman,  the  Barl  of  Bachan, 
set  up  a  press  in  Peterhead,  1816,  where  be  printed  his 
own  works  and  collections ;  published  poems  and  histori- 
cal tracts.  [viL  179] 

BUGSAH,  THOMAS  (d,  1780),  Jacobite  genenl;  a 
highlander  by  birth ;  served  abroad ;  commanded  a  foot- 
regiment  in  Scotland,  1682  ;  employed  against  the  coven- 
anters, 1684  ;  colonel,  1686  :  appointed  major-general  fay 
James  11  In  Ireland,  1689,  and  sent  to  command  his  foroes 
in  Scotland ;  surprised  at  Cromdale,  1690 ;  retired  to 
Lochaber;  retired  to  France,  1692;  Jacobite  agent  In 
Scotland,  1707.  [vU.  180] 

BTTCHAJT,  WILLIAM  (1729-1806),  aathor  of  the 
popular  *  Domestic  Medicine,^  1769  ;  studied  medldne  wl 
Edinburgh ;  practised  in  Yorkshire ;  settled  in  Bdinbargh, 
1766 :  removed  to  London,  1778  ;  published  medioal  tiBOtt. 

[vILiaO] 

BXJCHAJTAH.  ANDREW  (1690-1769),  Virginia  mar- 
chant  in  Glasgow;  bought  DrumpelUer,  Lanarkahiri, 
1735;  lord  provost  of  Glasgow,  1740;  strenaoosly  op- 
posed the  insurgents,  1745.  [viL  181] 

BT7CHAHAN,  Sir  ANDREW  (1807-1882),  dinlmBa- 
tist ;  entered  the  diplomatic  service,  1826 ;  was  reaident  aft 
nearly  every  court,  first  as  attach^,  afterwards  as  mini*' 
ter ;  retired,  1878 ;  created  baronet,  1878.  [tU.  181] 

BXJCHAHAN,  CLAUDIUS  (1766-1816),  Indian 
traveller ;  educated  at  Glasgow  University,  1789 ;  olsric 
in  London,  1787;  of  Queens*  College,  Cambridge,  1791: 
chaplain  in  Bengal,  1797;  vice-provost  of  ooUoge  at 
Fort  William,  1799-1807 ;  D.D.  Glasgow  and  Cambridge: 
made  two  tours  In  south  and  west  of  India,  1806-7 ;  retaned 
to  England,  1808 ;  advocate  of  missions ;  issoed  traod*- 
tions  of  the  scriptures  Into  various  oriental  langoagCB. 

[ViL  189] 

BTTOHAHAN,  DAVID  (1595  7-1652  TV,  Soottieh  his- 
torian ;  resided  in  Paris,  1636  ;  back  in  Scotland  befbte 
1644  :  published  and  left  in  manuscript  treatfaes  on  Seofe> 
tish  history,  biography,  and  topography.  [viL  IM] 

BUCHAHAN,  DAVID,  the  elder  (1746-1819),  printer 
and  publisher  at  Montrose ;  published  miniatine  odlttanaoC 
EngUsh  classics.  [vii.  186] 


BITOHANAir 


B0OB:iKaHAM 


IB),  OiuOJa  poM, 
■maiiffTTm  r.nir  mgniiniit  • :  nuin  at  BAli[d bidder ; 
vieeMM  M  Kinloch  fiBnniMb,  IIU.  t>^<  K^t] 

LX,  FHAKCIS  UAUILTON  (ITet-lslS), 
"nDjecui  ILD.  EdiuburHh,  1  ItU  :  UHval 
J  RURDD,  t7M:  tranUal  Lu  ^lI^llu^ 
■^  ItalatHT,  liwo,  uid  la  Kepdl.  lHu3 : 
•onejrof  BetibuI,  1Bu;-11  ;  wtllol 


Ulcbar«h  Oounot,'  IS17-M : 


.   ,!,  P»rta.  Mmrelj  IISB;    Ud, 

utattaeslliciat  St-Hubc:  tnUc  lo  GUb' 
i^fa  It  Fuli,lU»-t4:  retonwl  to  SgnUi 

_■(  *D  iMlrin  Ibc  Bunli  o<  Uw  cleivT,  uul  h 
fliiill—l  niniiiii ;  amiiDl  Inxa  priiiu  it  St. 
— -  --■  --  ' —'—    ■■■"•-  --ngtl  Littlii  itC 

a  ouiiiiui  k 

I  IhecoUwal 

.lie  UMinWOon,  IHB-H  ; 

1 1U> :  Rtanial  to  Full,  ud  Mustil  In 


t,  OBOnOB  (1 


?  V'-''i 


■atoMr  u  Mlmoa-aibeiy  dlipula ;  nubUilied  (denUfli: 
■mdH.  trii.  1B3] 

nOBAMAa,  Sib  GBORCIB  <1»l-isa(;,  pliyaUilAa : 
a^  lAAn.  IMl ;  nndlal  medlclDe  at  IIiiiTnilt;  Col- 
tet:  ILH  Lonlon,  IBHl  plifidriu  it  Loudou  Fever 
^tfUii,  IMI-S.  tod.  Uter,  sonnltliie  pbrdolui; 
F.B.aP.,  Ittt,  aBHT,  18»-4,  *oi  LMtMmiBn  [eoCnnr, 
IMI:  F.Ra„  IBSS;  pemuiDail  Inipenfair  Ui  nwdJoal 
4'vamia'  flf  prL*y  annolL,  1809:   prlDdptl  molicol 

oacs.  l(T»—  -'  - -■ ■- — ■■  ■-■■-■  — 


B.  lara-n,  di  k 


^^biT  UUntiin.  [Suppi,  L  3:18) 

SUOBAKAV,JAUES<lw>4-]K7U).FnschurcbkMj.,r 

adocaMdMOU^iFw;  iuliil.lei  of  Noitli  Leitb,  IHi^^m 

ol  SL,  Oil■^BdlIlt1ur1;b.  IH4U;   jniuul  tbe  Piec  cUiin^k 

IM;  BdaMec  D(  Pm  St.  SU'pJiEn'i.  aiinburgb;  D.D 

. ;  LL.D.  Olugow :  pralmvr  In  Uic  Pm  i:burol 

—  »8:  pnHWiHltljeDlqglaa  worlu.  [vlL  194) 

NSB(A  l"l*J-l«16),  nutbor 

I  la  toe  Httirida,  IIW;    ioltKqutiilly  rcuWeJ  ii 

W:  pnbUibcd  wocka  oa  Uw  Hebrldra  and  UlgblHiulu 

[yU.  IBS] 

KDBEKT     (18II-19M),      KKlalliC 

clQnT  Id  MancbnUr  bcFoiE  18SS ;  jour 

;  pabUibed  ouutrgTertl^  urltlb^. 

£Tli.lM] 


at  SalLOQ,  HvLQiuFftoiumre^ 


BUOHASAir.  ROBEICraiiN  (1770-18ie).clvll  mgi' 

BUOHAXAX.  WtLL1\»  (nai-lsWXSoMtltb  adTO- 

L  Ediuburgh  ;  silrDculo.  IHM :  aoUcilor  of  Wuda,  IKBe ; 
itbor  oj  Uvr  report*.  Ac.  [tIL  1>7] 

BDOX,  AIIAU  (l'e»-183!).  ponntt-paluter ;  «bl- 
ICed  at  l^ifBl  Academy  fmm  ITVb  ;  pabllimiil '  P^tJuga 
iilInekTuea.'  1611.  [RuppLI.  UO] 

BUCK,  CHABLES  (I7n~im),  autbor  ot  'A  Tbw 
I0C11]  IMctlojiaiy^'  IHUf,  and  other  pieoei ;  DOUKrEffHtlimal 
lUiliter  al  SUwuau  lud  lu  Loudmi.  [>ir  ISH] 

OBURGE  <>t.    urn.      lHa   Buc,   Hut 


BITCX, 
BVOX, 


Ifl.  lail),  Dl  Uncotu'j  Toil, 


irmier;  laaual  Kriea  of  rtom  o 
and  oaaUiH.  Ac.  lu  Englaml  and 
JuucUau  vi-llb  Idi  brutber  h'atkui 

w*^u,™in«j  abbey., 
ul,  l-l7-;i"'[vlL  IB™' 

BUOK,   ZAUKARIAH  (IIBH 

1831,  inil'ol  Korwiob  Oallialral. 
hetb,lM;. 

Ll>eUr 

UoaJJocLam- 
[tU.  IW) 

BDOKB,  OHARUS  (lISl-ltMa},  dramati.t  and  ial» 
oellaucous  wrller.                                               [Til.  ISO] 

BUOXXtTKAX 

BLAckPrian.Cainl 

buigli,  IIM  ;  web' 
oeediugi  ogalnat  ^t 

OBinbrl.i|i^  ISfj':  ii 
Ultam  TjnJale,  IMl. 

).  pflor  of    IbB 
Vl&il^pnmebal 
bdre»  u  Bdb>- 
pen  Ul  Uis  pro- 
[,11.  IM] 

BuaaaiBaiarSVCKBjaas,  lans  (iMn-itii\ 

US' Bclmul ;  tcUow  ol  SL  Jobu'a  roUege,  Oitold,  167H  : 


girt.  16 


._ ■lli,LeiMijlmliire,lSBB-16U«;  viniroiai. 

□Ilea,  Orlppli^^tc.  1«M :  pcegldeiit  ot  Bt  Jobti'i.  Cliford, 
1SD6-11;   preatbed  at  Bamplwi  Court,  leue;  caiinu  of 

taiouroftbcKirl  o[  EHex'aillvora,161S  :  deleudnJ  Dr. 
Bicbanl  UDutaiiiie.  Isle:  blihop  ol  Ely,  IBIS:  eOllad 
op  we=  >  MiruHBU,         ,  po  "^XauOJ 

(liU-lSUS).    CSeoB^CK- 


BVOEEUBST,  ant  Biiuj 
BVOXtNOHAX,  DUKEH  <i 
DuiiK,'l«4! 


11.  BXKII 


'l^'RO,   EiiwiRii,  tblnl  DIK* 


iGis-iu;.] 

BDOKUIOHAK.  Ilnb  Marijuih  or  (17(9-1813).    [Sea 
QiusviLLK,  aa.moii  Kuumcr-rifiii-LE-.i 

BUOKUroaAK,  BiBL  i>r.    [Ss  Tiiohas  or  WooD- 

BTOCH,  1S6B-1SB7.] 

BnOKDrOHAK  AXS  OKAXSM,  Daaas  or.    ra« 


DfKK,    ITDI-lKBl ;    GllESTlLta,  H 
auil'BKLL    TKID'LK    SL'QEST  BIIV 

Duk^  iRU-itMA.] 


B  OHasnoe,  Uilnl 


BtrOKINGHAM 


164 


BXJDD 


BirOSnrOHAX,  JAMES  silk  (1786-1856),  unthor 
and  traveller :  at  set  for  several  yeani  from  1796  ;  joamaliHt 
at  Oalcatta,  1818 ;  expelled  from  India  (or  attacks  on  the 
Bovemment,  18S8 ;  travelled  in  Syria  and  Palestine,  1823 ; 
Joamalist  in  London,  1834-30 ;  M.P.  (or  Sheffield,  1838-7  ; 
travelled  in  America,  1837-40,  and  on  the  continent,  1847 : 
received  a  pension,  1861 ;  travelled  as  a  lecturer :  author 
of  an  autobiography,  travels,  and  temperance  pamphlets. 

[vil.  203] 

BTTOSnrOHAX,  LEICESTER  SILK  (1835-1867), 
dramatist:  youngest  son  of  James  Silk  Buckingham 
Tq.  v.] ;  travelled  with  his  father :  a  popular  lecturer, 
18M :  his  finst  pieces  put  on  the  stage,  18(6 ;  produced 
historical  treatises,  comeilies,  and  farces.  [vil.  908] 

BXJOSnraHAX,      OSBERN     (1393-1447?).       [See 

BOKKNHAM.] 

B1T0KINOHAMSHIEE,  first  Duke  op  (1648-1721). 
[See  Sheffield,  John.] 

BUOKINOEAMSUl&E,  Earm  of.  [See  Hobart, 
John,  firxt  Earl,  1694?-1756;  Hobart,  John,  second 
Bari^  1723-1793 ;  Hobart,  Okoror,  third  Eari^  1732- 
1804 ;  Hobart,  Robkrt,  fourth  Earl,  1760-1816.] 

BTTOKLAKD,  FRANCIS  TRBVELYAJ?  (1826-1880), 
naturalist ;  son  of  William  Buckland  [q.  v.]  :  educated  at 
Winchester,  1839-44  :  B.A.  Christ  Church,  Oxford,  1848  ; 
studied  surgery  at  St.  George's  Hoopital,  London,  1H48-61 ; 
army  surgeon  in  London,  1864 ;  contributor  to  the  *  Field,' 
1866-65  :  started  '  Land  and  Water '  in  1866 ;  inspector  of 
salmon  flsberie*,  1867-80 :  published  *  Onrioaities  of  Natural 
History,*  and  kindred  works.  [viL  204] 

BUCKLAKD,  RALPH  (1564-1611X  Roman  catholic 
divine ;  educated  at  Merchant  Taylon'  School,  1671,  and 
Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  1679  ;  law-student  in  London : 
studied  at  Rheims  and  Rome,  1586 ;  ordained  print,  1688 ; 
sent  on  the  English  mission ;  banished,  1606 ;  author  of 
theological  works.  [vii.  206] 

BTTOKLAKI),  WILLIAM  (1784-1866),  geologist: 
educated  at  Winchester,  1798,  and  Corpus  Christi,  Oxford, 
1801,  fellow,  1808-26;  made  geological  tour  in  the  south- 
west of  England,  1808-13;  professor  of  mineralogy  at 
Oxford,  1813,  and  reader  in  geology,  1819 ;  canon  of  Christ 
Church,  Oxford,  1826;  dean  of  Westminster,  1845-66; 
president  of  the  Geological  Society,  1824  and  1840 ;  upheld 
the  Mosaic  account  of  the  flood  ;  wrote  geological  papers. 

[vii.  2U6] 

BTTCIKLE,  Sir  CLAUDE  HENRY  MASON  (1803- 
1894X  admiral :  entered  Royal  Naval  College,  Portfimouth, 
1817 ;  lieutenant,  1827 ;  captain,  1846 ;  flag-captain  to 
Commodore  Arthur  Fannhawe  on  west  coast  of  Africa, 
1849-60 ;  in  Black  Sca,  1864 ;  C.B.,  1856 ;  superintendent 
Deptford  dockyard,  1857-63 ;  commander-in-chief  at 
Qneenstown,  1867-70 ;  K.C.B.,  1876  ;  admiral,  1877. 

[Suppl.  i.  330] 

BTTOBXE,  HENRY  THOMAS  (1831-1862),  historian 
of  civilisation  ;  sou  of  a  vrealthy  London  shipowner  ;  re- 
ceived no  school  or  college  training ;  being  left  independent 
at  his  father's  death,  devoted  himself  to  travelling  on  the 
continent,  where  he  acquired  the  principal  languages, 
1840  and  1843  ;  settled  in  Loudon,  1842 ;  bought  and  read 
thousands  of  books,  making  careful  notes ;  had  settled  the 
plan  of  his  '  Hitttory  of  Civilisation  in  England  *  by  1863 ; 
published  the  first  volume,  1857,  the  second,  1861 ;  died 
at  Damascus  on  an  Eastern  tour ;  inclined  to  f  reethought 
in  religion.  Miscellaneous  works  by  him  appeared  post- 
humously, [vii.  208] 

BTTCXLBB,  BENJAMIN  (1718-1780),  antiquary :  of 
Oriel  CoUege,  Oxford,  1732 ;  fellow  of  All  Souls',  1739 ; 
D.D.,  1759  ;  vicar  of  Cumnor,  1766  ;  keeper  of  archives, 
Oxford,  1777-80 ;  published  *StenmiataChicheloana,'  1766. 

[vii.  211] 

BTTOKLEB,  JOHN  (1770-1861),  topographical  artist ; 
practised  as  architect  in  London  till  1826 ;  issued  aqua- 
tint engravings  of  colleges,  cathedrals,  &c.,  1797-1K15; 
exhibited  in  water-coloun  at  the  Royal  Academy,  1796- 
1849 ;  F.S.A.,  1810.  [vii.  212] 

BTTOEXEE,  WILLIAM  (1814-1884X  entomologist; 
exhibited  water-c(dours  at  the  Academy,  1836-56 ;  a 
student  of  larve.  [vii.  213] 

BTTOBXET,  CECIL  W^ILLIAM  (1828-1872),  naval 
officer,  1846-72 ;  reodved  the  Victoria  cross  for  t*ervi(%s 
iu  the  Black  Sea,  1866 ;  captain  B.N.,  1863.       [vii.  213] 


BTTOKLST,  JOHN  ((f.  1598).    [See  Jonsb,  Jorn.] 

BTTOKLET,  Mrs.  OLIYIA  (1799-1847),  organist: 
daughter  of  Sophia  Duasek  [q.  v.] ;  married  a  Mr.  BacUqr ; 
vrrote  pianoforte  music  and  songs,  and  published  (184S) 
'  Musical  Truths.'  [xvL  S68] 

BTTOKLST,  ROBERT  or  MGBBBBT  0517-1610), 
English  Benedictine;  professed  at  Westminster  dnrins 
the  Marian  revival,  c  1567;  imprisoned  as  a  recusant, 
1660-1603,  latterly  at  Framlingham ;  imprisoned  in  Lon« 
don,  1606-10.  He  was  the  last  of  the  old  English  Benedic- 
tine congregation,  and  surrendored  his  antbority  for 
perpetuating  the  succession  to  Thomas  Prerton.  1609. 

[ViL  Jil3] 

BTTOBXET,  THEODORE  WILLIAM  ALOIS  (183»- 
1866),  translator  from  the  classics;  servitor  oC  Christ 
Church,  Oxford,  1846 ;  chaplain  ;  M. A.,  1868 ;  became  a 
literaiy  hack ;  author  of  classical  traualationB  and  mb- 
cellaneous  works.  [viL  S14] 

BTTOKLBT,  WILLIAM  (<f.  1570  ?),  mathematician ; 
educated  at  Eton  and  King's  C<41ege,  Cambridge ;  M.A., 
1645  ;  tutor  to  the  royal  henchmen,  1650 ;  taught  mathe- 
matics at  King's,  Cambridge,  e.  1662 ;  published  an  aritli- 
metical  tract.  [viL  816] 

BTTOKLET,  WILLIAM  (1780-1866),  colonist;  en- 
listed,  1799 ;  transported  for  a  plot  to  shoot  the  Duke  of 
Kent,  1802 ;  escaped  from  Port  Phillip,  December  1808 ; 
lived  with  native  tribes  till  July  1836 ;  pardoned,  and  em- 
ployed as  interpreter  ;  settled  in  Tasmania,  1837. 

[viL  S151 

BTTCKXAK,  JAMES  (1816-1884),  geologist;  studied 
natural  science  in  London ;  professor  at  Cirencester 
Agricultural  College,  1818-63;  farmed  laud  Ui  Dorset, 
1863-84 ;  wrote  botanical,  geological,  and  agricultural 
papers.  [viL  316] 

BtJOKKABTER,  THOMAS  (/.  1666),  abnanaok- 
maker.  [viL  916] 

BI70KHASTXB,  WILLIAM  (^.  1545), divine:  fellow 
of  Peterhouse,  Cambridge,  1617  ;  D.D^  1528 ;  carried  to 
court  as  vice-chancellor  the  university's  reply  to 
Henry  VIII's  questions  concerning  his  divorce,  1580: 
signed  tlie  articles  of  religion,  1636 ;  prebendary  of  St. 
Paul's,  1539.  [vil.  216] 

BUOKIOLL,  Sir  JOHN  CHARLES  (1817-1897X  phy- 
sician ;  educated  at  Rugby  and  University  College,  fxm- 
don;  L.S.A.,  M.R.C.S.,  nud  M.B.  London,  1840:  M.D., 
1863 ;  first  medical  superintendent,  Devon  County 
Asylum,  1844-63  :  chancellor's  medical  visitor  of  lunatics, 
1862-76:  F.K.C.P.,  1869;  censor,  1879-80;  Lnmleian 
lecturer,  1878 :  F.iLS.,  1866  ;  knighted,  1894  ;  published 
*  Manual  of  Psychological  Medicine,'  1868,  and  other 
works.  [Supid.  L  381] 

BXIOKSHOBN,  JOSEPH  (Jt.  1670),  Dutch  painter ; 
employed  by  Sir  Peter  Lely  to  fill  in  his  canvases,  1670 ; 
painted  portraits  in  Lely's  manner.  [vlL  217] 

BXJOKSTOHX,  JOHN  BALDWIN  (1802-1879X 
comedian  ;  solicitor's  cl^k ;  went  on  the  provincial  stagv, 
c  1830 ;  performed  at  the  Surrey  Theatre,  1828  ;  his  first 
piece  played,  1826 ;  manager  of  the  Haymarket,  1868-76 ; 
comi)csed  numerous  farces.  [viL  217] 

BTTBD,  GEORGE  (/.  1766),  painter;  London  hosier: 
painted  portraits  and  landscapes.  [vii.  318] 

BXJOD,  GEORGE  (18U8-1882),  professor  of  medicine  In 
King's  College,  Loudon,  1840-63  :  fellow  of  Caius  CtoUege, 
Cambridge,  1831 ;  M.D.,  1840  :  studied  also  in  London  and 
Paris ;  physician  to  tlte  hospital  ship  at  Greenwich,  1887  : 
practiaoi  in  London,  1840-67 ;  retired  to  Bamstaide ; 
vrrote  medical  tracts.  [viL  S19] 

BTTDB,  HENRY  (1774-1863),  theologian;  son  of 
Richard  Budd  [q.  v.] ;  MJL.  St.  John's  C(Alc^  Oambridipe, 
1801;  chaplain  of  Bridewell  Hospital,  London,  1801-81 : 
rector  of  White  Roothing,  Essex,  1808-63:  published 
tracts.  [ViL «»] 

BTTBD,  RICHARD  (1746-1821),  physlcUn  :  MJ). 
Jesus  College,  Cambridge.  1776 ;  pracused  at  Newbonr, 
Berkshire :  physician  to  St.  Bartholomew's  Hospital,  ITW- 
1801,  and  an  active  official  of  the  Royal  Ccdlega  of  Fhy- 
siclaiiB.  f  vii.  JIG] 

BTIDO,  WILLIAM  (1811-1880),  physician;  itodied 
medicine  at  London,  Edinburgh,  Paris ;   MJ>.  IfldinbUKh, 


0,  DBTOfuhin.  18U.  snd 
pablUbml    Dmneniui 

r,  job::*  aBH-i«X').  p 

0,  UU-Ja  1  MtBlu  of  Triuity  Collide,  CHtonl,  II 


K    (188 

>t  Addiaoa:  aiaa 
.    ■rrlMEC  at  Uk  Iniuir  Teui[de : 


■VDVOXTB,  JOSBFH.  ilterwBnli  FlLMlIB  (4. 181t> 
XUBWOKTK,   WILI.1A1I  (.1.  IJALi.  HhooLmuatcr : 


DM  Slulif. 


UH-7;  lHtl4>|l«rel  (lUrS)  at  E 

iao>  [SuppLLSai] 

iDOo.    paAXCia    (i»w-i7aj!),   wr 


IQLZZLSY,  LADXCKLOT  niUI  I-lSiUI,  uruULULop 
4Du£a:  U^-  OifDnl.  IHB;  tmrtioidlii  W^u.liM- 
Mi;  uctiiatrtm   d  IhibUn,    KIJ-IU;  uobUibvp  ol 


DabllD,  IBia :  cU 
BULEXLIY. 


d  tlifi  pTimv?  uukucccaafollf ;  i 


(16U-iatlX  knigtaC 
\  lor  A.pgli™.l«70- 

[vU.311] 
BULXIXKY,  RIORAKD  {if.  lWU|.ro;>llitpHn]: 

1710  J,  ai 


:  kulgliiiil,  1 


!t  Aatlatj,  IMH. 


BULKSLZT,  Lai> 


n.  saem*.  ijt.  leax),  % 


188.  [rii.  itl\ 

BVLZLXT,  CHAKLBS<I71»-I7g71,b*i)tlaliiilnl>t«: 
lacitbl  Bt  NarlhamplAEi  h-iHlnu)\  173a;  prv*b>i«riAn 
Lliikft«r  ab  Welliml,  Noi^EumpCoiinLlra,  auwl  ColchtfOer ; 

I  LdimIdu,  ir43-Vr;  iHibLltLt9l  pLlUtfophlcal  Inou  ■ml 
rmom.  [lU.  3H] 

BULELXT.    PBTHR  niti3-lGt>>.    purlUD   dlvliw; 

"oUoge.OnmbrW^;  M.A,l«)8:nKtor 

■,  1Q:JU ;  c^oiLhI  for  contempt  of  ahurch 

^url.  1690;  pulor  Dt  Caniwd  till  daUi: 

IBSI),  noDOWIamiUt 
.  e  Ncuiii)rlAii.l»7-<ll): 
ibyl^rlaa  luliddtcr  bi  Loi> 
[TiLSM] 
:  (,lc3i-lTlUh  AdgUiMB  Uieologiui; 
>;  left  Euter  ColleBii.  OifOld.  1e4», 
tiE  EngBgeiumt ' ;  uduoatal  prlnlaljr : 
.  ly  Hlahup  aidowr,  IBM:  nUolitn'  of 
.  OeoTgi^X  usu-  firUlol;  mUir  ol  BnUliietiHi  Bb 
nry'i),  leeit~8t  ;  Tlou  or  SDiUii«t<ni  St.  PeUr'i,  Gknon- 

»biK,ieei-aa:pDbU>i»ii'iianiiDuiiiA|    — 


paused   ' 


Uabol  tbuologlQal  wgrkt 


BOLI,    JOHN    (ItUMeSK).   c 
Royki,  c.  U73:  orgaiiUit  ut  Huretgi 


nuuiy,     iD.l;    Lrit    EukLHIHI.    ] 

a\mva   Iloysl,  Bnuaeli.  c.  U 


Catiieanl, 

BITLL.  JUUt> 

BULL, 


IftU),  a  Unulou  wmni ;  linpriiiDual 
lilntlaa,  U3A.  [vU.  »al 

ITSS-IHM),    cotlgngllCiaiiillilt 


;  (tudJol  >C  Duveuuy  hi 

lney,™do("tbri^tCo'w^.    "       '■  LVaTsW] 

SULLAXE&.    [tiu  iklw  BULLftAK.] 
BULLAXER,  THOMAS,  in  reUKlou  John  Baftui 


l(igyiitS>%ovUi:  warkid  tu  Ibc  EiigUili  midku ;  cuouUd 
[or  nOebniCiue  miua.  [tIL  Ml] 

BVLLEOr,  KICBABIKJ.  Ue3J,pt.yucliui. 


BUIiliEIN 


166 


BUIiWEB 


BXTLLEDr,  WILLIAM  (d.  1676X  physidan;  rector 
of  Blaxhall,  Suffolk,  1550-8;  studied  medldne  abroad; 
resided  in  Loudon  from  1561.  His  '  Bookc  of  Simples ' 
(part  of  his  *  Bulwarke  against  Sicknes,'  1662)  is  one  of 
the  earliest  English  herbals.  *  A  Dialogoe  against  the 
Fever  Pestilence '  appeared  1664.  [vil.  S44] 

BXTLLSN,  SiK  OHARLSS  (1769-1R6S),  naval  officer; 
aerred  In  Mediterranean  and,  after  IttUl,  on  west  coast  of 
Africa;  commanded  the  Britannia  at  Trafalgar,  1806; 
rear-admiiBl,  18S7  ;  K.G.B^  1830 ;  admiral,  1868. 

[vU.  146] 

BXTLLEV,  aSORQE  (1816-1894),  keeper  of  printed 
books  at  British  Museum ;  snpemnmerary  assistant  in 
department  of  printed  books  in  British  Museum,  1838 ; 
senior  assistant,  1850;  superintendent  of  reading  room, 
1866 ;  keeper  of  printed  boolc*,  1876-90 ;  assisted  in  com- 
piling printed  catalogue ;  F.&A.,  1877 ;  hon.  LL.D.  Glas- 
gow, 1889  ;  03.,  1890.  [Snppl.  L  883] 

BULLER,  CHARLES  (1806-1848),  liberal  politidan; 
taught  by  Thomas  Oarlyle,  1828-6  ;  B.A,  Trinity  College, 
Cambridge,  1828  ;  M.P.  for  West  Looe,  Cornwall,  1880-1 ; 
called  to  bar  at  Lincoln's  Inn,  1831 ;  M  J*,  for  LiMkeard, 
1838-48;  secretary  to  the  governor-general  of  Canada, 
1838 ;  judge-adyocate-geueral,  1846 ;  chief  poor  law  com- 
mis8loner,  1847 ;  published  pamphlets.  [vlL  846] 

B17LLEB,  8m  FRANCIS  (1746-1800),  judge ;  special 

f deader,  1765;  barrister  of  the  Inner  Temple,  1778; 
odge  of  the  county  palatine  of  Chester,  1777 ;  justice  of 
the  king's  bench,  1778 ;  created  baronet,  1790 ;  justice  of 
the  common  pleas,  1794-1800.  [vii.  848] 

BULLEB,  Sir  GBOROE  (1808-1884X  general ;  entered 
the  army,  1830 ;  colonel,  1841 ;  commanded  brigade,  and 
afterwards  division,  in  the  Kaffir  and  Boer  wars,  1847-8 
and  1862-3;  commanded  brigade  in  the  (Mmea,  1864; 
wounded  at  Inkerman ;  K.C.B.,  1886  ;  lieutenant-general, 
1862 ;  general,  1871.  [viL  249] 

BULLDrOHAX.  JOHN  (d,  1698X  bishop  of  Olou- 
oester;  fellow  of  Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  1660;  a 
catholic ;  withdrew  to  Rouen ;  was  restored  to  his  fdlow- 
ship,  and  graduated  MJL.,  1664;  chaplain  to  Bishop 
Gardiner ;  rector  of  Box  well,  GlouccHteriihire,  1664 ;  pre- 
bendary of  St.  Paul's,  1566 ;  rector  of  St.  Mary  Magda- 
lene, Milk  Street,  1566 ;  D.D.,  1668 ;  prebendary  of  Lin- 
coln, 1668;  canon  of  Worcester,  1670;  rector  of  With- 
ington,  Gloucestershire,  of  Burton-by-Liuoolu,  and  of 
Brington,  Huntingdon,  1671;  bisliop  of  Gloucester,  1681-98, 
holding  also  the  nee  of  Bristol  in  eommmdam,  16H1-9 ; 
scnrrllously  attacked  by  Mnrtui  Marprelate.     [viL  250] 

BULLnrOHAM,  NICHOLAS  (1512  ?-1676),  bishop  of 
Lincoln  and  Worcester ;  fellow  of  All  Souls'  College,  Ox- 
ford,  1636 ;  B.C.L.,  1541 ;  studied  canon  law ;  chaphtin  to 
Archbishop  Craumer;  prebendary  of  Llncohi,  1647  j 
rector  of  Thimbleby,  Lincolnshire,  1662  ;  deprived  of  Wa 
preferments,  as  being  married,  1668 ;  withdrew  to  Emden  ; 
restored  to  his  preferments,  1668 ;  chaplain  to  Archbishop 
Parker:  LL.D.  Cambridge,  1569;  bishop  of  Linoobi, 
1660;  purged  King's  College,  Cambridge,  of  Romanism, 
1666 ;  transhited  to  Worcester,  1671.  [viL  261] 

BULLnrOHAM,    RICHARD  (JL  1360).     [See  BiL- 

UNOHAH.] 

BTJLLOOH,  JOHN  (1806-1882)  author  of  *  Studies  of 
the  Text  of  Shakespeare,'  1878 ;  worked  at  Abenleen  as 
mechanic.  [vIL  263] 

BULLOOX,  CHRISTOPHER  (1690  ?-l 724),  come- 
dian; sou  of  WUliam  Bullock  (1667 ?-l 740?)  [q.  v.]; 
arst  appeared  in  1708  nt  Drury  Lane;  attached  to  the 
Lincohi's  Inn  Field-*  Theatre,  1715-24;  produced  seven 
plays,  some  possibly  written  by  other  hands,    [vii.  268] 

BITLLOOE,  GEORGE  (1621  ?-l 580  ?),  Roman  catholic 
divine ;  fellow  of  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge :  B.A., 
1639 ;  witne-Hs  at  Bishop  Gardiner's  trial,  1661 ;  withdrew 
to  Nevers  in  France ;  canon  of  Durham,  1564 ;  B.D.,  1654 ; 
master  of  St  John's  College,  Cambridge,  1564,  and  Lady 
Mai^aret  profe>*sor  of  divinity,  156(i  ;  vicar  of  St. 
Sepulchre,  London,  1655-6 ;  rector  of  Much  Munden, 
"Hertfordshire,  1656 ;  deprived  of  his  preferments  for  re- 
ca«ancy,  1569 ;  divinity  lecturer  at  Antwerp,  1567 ;  died 
at  Antwerp;  author  of  *  (Boonomia  Oonoordantiamm 
Soriptane  sacne,*  1667.  [vii.  864] 


BTTLLOOK,  HBNBT,  latinlMd  Bovniiim  (d.  ltM\ 
divine ;  B.A.  Cambridge,  1604,  and  fellow  of  Queena*  Ool- 
lege,  1506 :  D.D.,  1620 ;  studied  Greek  and  lectorad  oo 
St.  Matthew  ;  friend  of  Erasmus  ;  rector  of  St.  Maxtinlii 
Lodgate,  1688-6 ;  published  Latin  orationi  and  epIitilM. 

[vfiTlM] 

BTTLLOOK,  WILLIAM  08977-1740?),  oomedlaii: 
first  mentlonea  in  1696 ;  attached  to  LlnooUrs  Inn  Flddi 
Theatre,  1716  till  death.  [vii.  S56] 

BULLOOK,  WILLIAM  (>f.  1887),  anttqoaiy  and 
naturalist ;  Liverpool  goldsmith ;  exhibited  a  mnffftgw  at 
curiosities,  1808;  exhibited  his  ooUeotions  !n  IiOndon, 
1818-19 ;  sold  them,  1819 ;  travelled  in  Mexioo,  18SS,  and 
on  his  return  exhibited  his  Mexican  collections ;  travsQed 
in  the  States  and  Mexioo,  1886-7 ;  perhaps  settled  in  Olii- 
dnnati ;  published  narrative  of  hia  travds.      [ylL  Sf  6] 


BULLOOK,  WILLIAM  THOMAS  (1818-1879)^ 
logical  writer;  B.A.  Oxford,  1M7;  assistant  seoretarj, 
1860,  and  secretary,  1866-79,  of  the  Society  for  the  Propa- 
gati(»i  of  the  Gospel ;  published  biblical  papers  and  aer* 
mons.  [viL  SS6] 

BULLOKAB,  JOHN  (Jl.  1682),  lexicographer ;  phyii- 
dan  at  Chichester;  published  *An  English  Bxpositor,* 
1616  (3rd  edit.  1641),  and  a  metrical  life  of  Christ,  161& 

[vU.8»n 
BULLOKAB,  WILLIAM  (/I.  1686),  phooeiist:  en- 
gaged in  tuition,  1660 ;  served  in  the  anny,  1667 ;  again 
onployed  in  teaching,  1673  ;  advocated  spelling  refarm  in 
a  pamphlet,  1676,  and  in  a  book,  1680 :  translated  *  Amp's 
Fables,'  1686 ;  issued  an  English  grammar,  1686. 

[ViL  267] 
BULMEB,     AGNES     (1775-1836),     poetess;    wrote 
*  Messiah's  Kingdom,'  1883.  [viL  Si8] 

BULKBB,  WILLIAM  (1767-1830),  printer;  appren- 
ticed at  NewcasUe-on-Tyne ;  friend  of  Thomas  Bewiak  ; 
printed  under  his  own  name  in  London,  1791-1819. 

[viLS88] 

BULSTBODE,  EDWARD  (1688-1669X  lawyer :  bar- 
rister of  the  Inner  Temple,  1618:  a  jostice  of  North 
Wales,  1649,  and  in  W^arwickshire,  1668;  pubUstaed  law 
reports.  [ViL  869] 

BULSTKOBE,  Sm  RICHARD  (1610-1711X  diplo- 
matist :  second  son  of  Edward  Bul^trode  [q.  v.] :  edaoated 
at  Pembroke  College,  Cambridge:  entered  the  Inner 
Temple.  1633 ;  served  in  the  king's  army,  1M2,  ultimately 
becoming  quartermaster-general ;  agent  at  Bnuseb,  167S ; 
knighted,  1676;  envoy  at  Brussels  1676-88;  followed 
Jumm  II  to  St.  Germains ;  author  of  *  Life  of  James  TI.* 

[ViL  269] 

BULSTBOBE,  WHITELOCKE  (1660-1724),  essayist: 


second  son  of  Sir  Richard  Bulstrode  [o.  v.] ;  entered  the 
Inner  Temple,  1664 :  commissioner  of  excise ;  bought 
Hounslow  manor,  Middlesex,  1705;  pnblished  oontxo* 
versial  tracts  and  essays.  [vii.  8603 

BULTBEL,  HENRT  BELLENDEN  (1800-1866),  theo- 
logian ;  fellow  of  Exeter  College,  Oxford,  1883-9 :  M.A., 
1824;  curate  hi  Oxford,  1826;  preached  in  dissenting 
chapds  :  left  the  Anglican  churoh  and  built  a  cbapd  in 
Oxford,  1831;  adopted  some  of  Edward  Irving*8  IdeM, 
1882:  published  controvenial  tracts.  [viL  861] 

BTTLTEEL,  JOHN  (Jl.  1683).  miBoeOaneoas  witter; 
issued  pamphlets,  romances,  and  translations  between 
1666  and  1683.  [vlL  861] 

BULWEB,  EDWARD  GEORGE  BARLB  LTTTON, 
Baron  Lytton  (1803-1873).    [See  Lytton.] 

BT7LWEB,  JOHN  {Jl.  1664),  physician:  pabUikad 
'Philocophus,  or  the  Deafe  and  Dombe  Man*B  Frivid,* 
1648,  advocating  the  Uistruction  of  deaf-mates,  partij  bj 
gestures,  partly  by  reading  the  lips  (an  idea  borrowed 
from  the  Spanish) ;  published  medical  and  rhetorical 
treatises.  [viL  i6S] 

BXJLWEK,  ROSINA  BOYLE,  Lady  Lyttok  (1804- 
1882).    [See  Lytton.] 

BTTLWER,  WILLIAM  HENRY  LYTTON  EARLB, 
Baron  Dallinq  and  Bulwrr  (1801-1872),  diplomatM^ 
better  known  as  Sir  Hrnry  Bulwkr  ;  educated  at  Har- 
row and  at  Trinity  and  Downing  oollegefi,  Cambricbre: 
published  poems,  1822  ;  in  Greece,  acting  for  tlie  revolu- 
tionary committee,  1824;  army  officer,  1826-9;  attadit 
at  BerUn,  1827,  Vienna,  1889,  and  the  Hague,  1830 :  in 


BUNBXJBY 


167 


BUKOHEUj 


i8aa.for 


at  Wasktavloo, 


iiopte.1 
DuOttBc 


BUVDT,  RICHARD  (d.  17S9X  divine :  KA.  OxfoM* 
17U ;  ebftplftin  in  onlinary  to  George  II :  D.D.  Lambetlit 
•4^'  o(  St.  Bride'g,  Fleet  street,  aud  prebeudary  of  Wevt- 
cr,  ITSS-S ;  pobliebed  sennona  and  translationii. 


[vil.  268] 
SUVeAT,  THOMAS  (Jl.  1290),  Fraucisoau ;  studiurl 
at  ^xis ;  divinity  lecturer  o(  biM  onier  iu  Oxfonl  and 
Gambridire:  provincial  minister  in  England:  vulgarly 
aceoanted  a  magician.  [vil.  26K] 

irair,  ALFRED  (1796  ?-1860>,  theatHoal  manaf^r  : 
wiflniamHi  *Poet  Bonn ' ;  stafre-nuuiaiirer  of  Drury  Lane, 
UdB;  inanafer  of  Birmingham  Tbeatre,  18S6 ;  nuuiafrer 
of  Dnoy  Lane  and  Covent  Oaiden  Uieatrep,  183$-46 : 
braogfat  out  Bngliflh  operas ;  pnbli«bed  venes. 

r  vil.  269] 
BUn.   MARGARET  AGNES  (1799-1883),  actr^M  : 
wk  BooKrville ;  flrvt  appeared  at  Drury  Lane,  1816,  at 
OMQDt  Gaidni,  1818 :  married  Alfred  Bnnn  [q.  v.],  1819 : 
MM  at  DraxT  Lane.  1823 :  retired  while  sUIl  yonng. 

[vli.  269] 
BUnXVe,  JAMES  BUN8T0XE  (1802-1863),  archl- 
Ket:  entered  Idn  father's  office,  1815 :  surveyor  to  Kvernl 
pBbHe  bodies  and  companies,  1825  onwards  ;  arohltect  to 
tbe  d^  of  London,  184^1863.  [vii.  270] 


EDMUND (1540-1619),  theological  writer; 
Bii.  sad  fellow  of  Magdalen  Oollege.  Oxfonl,  1560;  en- 
toed  Ofliy't  Inn,  1561 ;  prebendary  of  St.  PanlV,  1564 ; 
fcOov  of  Merton,  1566 ;  B.D.,  1570:  chaplain  to  Arch- 
MdiopOrindal.  1570:  sub-dean  of  York,  1570-9  :  preben- 
^  of  York,  1575 :  rector  of  Bolton  Percy,  YorksUirc, 
U7I-II0O.  prebendary  of  Oarlisle,  1585;  travelled  over 
l^gkad,  preaching:    wrote  doctrinal  and  devotional 

[vil.  271] 


duinff  the  revolution,  1830:  MJ>.  for  Wilton,  ^ 

CovcDtry,  1831,  and  for  Marylebone,  1835 :  charge 

at  Bnueeis,  1836 :  secretary  of  embassy  at  Con- 

1837 :  charge  d^affairas  at  Paris,  1839 :  am- 

at  Madrid,  1843-8;  K.O.B.,  1848:  ambassador 

1849;   oonoluded   the   Bulwer-Clayton 

at  Florence,  1852 ;  commissioner  in  the 

pdinoipalities,  1856 :  ambassador  at  Ooustanti- 

M.P.  for  Tamworth,  1868 ;  created  Baron 

Bnlwer,  1871 ;  pubUshed  historical  works. 

[vil.  263] 

Sir    henry    EDWARD    (1778-1860), 

(aaooeeded,  1820),  of  Mildenhall,  Suffolk, 

aad  biatorian;  son  of  Henry  William  Bunbnry 

;  edooatad  at  Westminster ;  served  in  the  army, 

:  distingaiBhed  himself  at  the  battle  of  MaUla, 

andioMiecrrtary  of  state  for  war,  1809-16 ;  major- 

aod  KJCJBL,  1815 ;  conveyed  to  Napoleon  sentence 

to  St.  Hdena,  1815  ;  M.P.  for  Suffolk,  1830 : 

of  the  volunteer  movement,  1859 :  author  of 

narrmttvca.  [viL  265] 

rnVmURY,  HENRY  WILLIAM  (1750-1811),  artist 
oaricmtariat ;  educated  at  Westminster  aiHl  St. 
GUharine'^  Hall,  Cambridge:  travelled  in  France  and 
Italj  before  1771 :  chiefly  drew  in  pencil  and  chalk,  aiul 
had  hia  designs  rq^roduced  by  engravers ;  executed 
nameroas  drawings,  especially  burlesque.         [vii.  267) 


r.  FRANCIS  (1543-1617),  theological  writer : 
kOov  of  Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  1561-72 :  M.A..  1567 : 
PRbeBdarr  of  Durham,  1572:  archdeacon  of  Nortlium-  > 
berisBd.  1573-8:    rector   of   Ryton,  Durham,  1578  till  ; 
dcatii :  aotbor  of  devotional  tracts.  [vii.  272]      ) 


r,  FRANCES  (1791-1876),  nde  Waddington: 
WiU>  faeireas :  married  at  Home,  1817,  Baron  Ghrihtian 
Dumui  (Gennan  ambaasador,  1841-54) ;  at  CarL«ruhe, 
ia5-7« :  pabllsbed '  Memoir  of  Baron  Bunsen,*  1868. 

[vU. 272] 
BUVTOTG,  EDWARD  (1773-1843),  musician:  or- 
fsaiit  and  mnato-tescher  in  Belfast,  1781 ;  travelled  in 
fntaad,  collecting  old  Irish  air»,  1792;  publinhed  two 
■sies  of  these,  1796  and  1809:  settled  in  DubUn,  1819 ; 
pobOsfaed  a  third  ooUectioo,  1840.  [viL  273] 

mnrrnre,  JABRZ  (I779-I858),  Wesleyan  methodii>t : 
Mafiad  mediciwi,  e.  1793 :  admitted  a  W«ile>'an  minUtter, 
ITM :  fcnred  »t  many  centres :  stationed  at  head  quarters 
ia  LoodoD,  1833 :  president  of  the  theological  institute, 
IIK;  ofKaniaed  the  connexion,  and  completed  its  seve- 
: (rnn  the  Anglican  church  ;  published  sermons. 

[ni.  273] 


BUKTnrO,  WILLIAM  MAOLARDIE  (1805-1866), 
We»leyan  :  el<iest  son  of  Jabes  Buntini;  [q.  v.]  :  minister 
at  various  centres,  1828-49 ;  pnblislicd  sermons  and 
hymns.  [vli.  276] 

BT7VYAN,  JOHN  (1628-1688),  author  of  'Pilgrim's 
Progress ' :  son  of  Thomas  Bunyan  (J.  1676X  tinsmith,  of 
Elstow,  near  Bedford :  learned  reading  and  writing  ;  was 
early  set  to  his  other's  trade  ;  lo»t  his  mother,  Jnne  1644 ; 
enlisted  that  year,  in  anger  at  bis  fatlier's  re-marriage, 
possibly  in  the  parliamentary  forces  (stationed  at  Newport 
PagneU  1644-6) :  deeplv  moved  by  the  death  of  a  comrade, 
shot  while  serving  in  his  place ;  profited  by  two  devotional 
books  belonging  to  his  wife ;  gave  up  amusements  and  a 
bad  habit  of  swearing  :  read  tlte  bible  narratives :  attendeil 
diurch  services :  overheard  a  relivlous  conversation  of 
certain  poor  women  in  Beilford,  and  in  165H  joined  their 
society,  which  then  met  iu  St.  John'in  Church,  under  *  .Mr. 
Giffonl '  (r/.  €.  1656),  an  ex-royalist  officer ;  removed  from 
Elstow  to  Bedford,  1655  :  cboeen  deacon  in  his  church  : 
began  to  preach  :  lost  his  wife,  c.  1656,  and  was  left  with 
four  young  children,  one  of  them  blind:  his  first  pub- 
lications 'Some  Gospel  Truths  opened,'  1666,  and  'A 
Vindication'  of  it,  1657,  both  directed  atrainst  the 
quakers ;  being  set  apart  as  a  preacher,  1657,  preached 
throughout  the  district,  still  working  at  his  craft :  in- 
dicted at  the  assizes  in  consequence  of  the  opposition  of 
the  settlal  pru»b>'terian  clerg>',  1668 ;  marrimi,  c.  1C59, 
his  secoixi  wife.  Elizabetli  (</.  1691) :  arresteii  for  prearh- 
ing,  12  Nov.  1660,  ami  imprisoned,  tlie  laws  asrainst  un- 
licensed preaching  iMing  rigorously  enforced :  allowai  out 
of  prison,  pending  trial,  to  preach  at  his  mectiniJr-hou<«  : 
sentenceil  to  a  short  term  of  imprisonment  at  tlie  Bedford 
assize*,  January  1661,  but,  refusing  to  discontinue  public 
preaching,  was  kept  in  prison  (with  an  interval  of  a  few 
weeks  iu  1666)  till  the  spring  of  1672,  wlien  he  was  released 
by  Charles  ITs  Declaration  of  InduJvenoe :  allowni  much 
freedom  in  prison,  making  tagged  lact-*  for  a  living,  pnnoli- 
Ing  to  the  prisoners,  aiKl  writing  ninnurous  pieoos,  prose 
and  verse.  He  is  euppoeal  to  have  nntlcrgono  a  short  impri- 
sonment hi  1675,  and  to  have  then  written  his  'Pilgrim's 
Progress,'  published  in  1678.  Otherwise  he  was  un- 
molested, and  from  1672  till  death  preached  in  many 
places,  especially  in  London,  and  WTOte  largely.  He  was 
burial  in  Bunhill  Fields,  London.  His  collected  works 
were  published  in  1736.  [viL  275] 

BUKBAGE,  JAMES  (d.  1597),  actor :  a  joiner  by 
tiudc:  one  of  the  Earl  of  Leicester's  players,  1574: 
leased  land  in  FUisbury  Fields  (157G),  on  which  he  envtul, 
of  wood,  the  first  buHdinur  in  England  specially  inteiMinl 
for  plays  :  acquired  a  houxe  in  Ulaokfriars,  and  convorteii 
it  into  '  Blackfriars  Theatre,'  1696  :  Uvni  in  Holywell 
Street,  Shoreditch,  1676-97.  The  first  Englisli  playhouse 
Is  mentioned  in  an  order  of  council,  August  1577,  and 
was  known  as  'The  Theatre':  the  fabric  wns  reniovcii, 
e.  December  1598,  to  the  Banksldc  aud  w;t  up  a^  the 
Globe  Theatre.  [vil.  284] 

BVRBAOE,  RICHARD  (1667 7-1619),  actor:  son  of 
James  Burt>age  [q.  v.],  from  whom  he  biherital  a  share  in 
Blackfriars  Theatre,  and  an  interest  in  tlie  (Hobe  Theatre 
(burnt  down  1613);  acted  as  a  boy  at  the  theatre  in 
Shoreditch:  was  an  actor  of  repute  by  ISKH;  an  actor 
of  chief  parts,  1595-1618,  in  phiys  by  Sliakespeare,  I^eii 
Jouson,  and  IJeaumont  and  Fletcher  :  excellud  in  trageily  ; 
lived  in  Holywell  Street,  Shorwiitch,  1603-19 :  known 
also  as  A  painter  in  oil-colours.  [vil.  285] 

BXIROH.  EDWARD  (,/r.  1771j,  artist:  art-student, 
1769;  K.A.,  1771;  exhibited  at  tin- Acwiemy,  1771-1HU8; 
miniature-painter ;  Ubrurian  of  tlie  Royal  Academy,  1780. 

[vii.  289] 

BXIROHARD,  Saint  (</.  754).  first  bi^hop  of  WUra- 
burK :  reputed  of  English  origin  ;  evangeliscil  the  district 
of  the  Main ;  consecratcii  bishop  of  Wllr/burg,  741 : 
resigned,  761:  retu^  to  a  monastery  at  Homborg: 
canonised,  984  ;  some  manuscript  scrmond  ascribed  to 
him.  [vil.  289] 

BXJKCHELL,  WILLIAM  JOHN  (1782  ?-lHf,3),  explorer 
and  naturallHt :  botanist  at  tSt.  Helena,  1K05-10:  «tuiiioil 
Cape- Dutch  at  Cape  Town,  IHIO ;  travelled  extensively  In 
South  Africa,  1811-15,  making  scientific  olMtervations, 
and  collecting;  natural  history  specimens;  publislied 
account  of  his  travels,  1822 ;  at  Lisbon,  1825 ;  at  Rio 
Janeiro,  1826-6 ;  travelled  in  the  Hra/.ilian  forests,  1826-9, 
collecting  plants  and  insects;  hon.  DO.L.  Oxford,  1834. 
Botanical  manuscripts  by  him  are  at  Kew.       [viL  290] 


BTTROHBTT 


bruliA'  tul  U&IU,  lau*':  trurelled,  U^fulanl  u  u  Uo- 
liamtnainn  tmdur  ai  HinJuAUJ.  from  tlic  uout  Id 
Aleppo^  rdidal  Bl  Alpppo  tvo  jara.  Atudylng  Ambk- 
Rui  Mubnomtcilftii  law  ;  uuhk  a  tour  lu  J'nLiujni.  IhuuuB' 
u^.  BA&ILfck,  Iblu;  }(urtiti;al  Uiroui^b  l^ilaitiiv  am] 
Ambit  U>  BgypU  IBW;    Inv^UI  lUgug  Ibu  Nllr  Hbon 

tsiliief  tiiJSIiuii,  IHl'il:  aiBlut  Cairo;  pubUiLul  Inii^lt, 
BITKDSK,    (IBOROE   (17t9-lH19J,  Dongni^lJaiuiUtc 


of  tbB  LoDdou  UliiioauT  BocipLy,  mu3-l~:  ■  loundaol 
tite  LowkiD  MlnloiiH)  BodEtf.  i;tll.  of  tbe  ScUiiicHis 
TAcLSodety.  17n.  MM  o(  theilritl^lL  nnd  F(vt4icb  iMlAe 
aodel/,  tlW4 :  edltol  dcniUoiuil  buaki.  [vU.  194] 

HENRY  POBSTXH  (1183-1844),  nmgre- 
3«t  son  of  Ooorgn  Buider  [q,  t,]  ;  t  tuer- 
cv  ciBTK ;  «tudlai  at  HdxIoq  Aarlemy  uid  Glugow 
RHll; ;  U.A.  QlHgow.  1907 :  pror«M>r  »(  pldloBopby 
in&tbemnUrH.  HoiUn  College.  lEIO-SU;    jhliUt  In 


pubUflbol  tbaoloxlciil  wurlu.  [>ll.  3gfi] 

BtmiEK.  THOMAS  HARIUSON  (1;b«-1MJ),  pbf- 
■IciHll  :  Kiu  ol  Oairy^  Bunlct  [il.  v.]  !  il.D.  Blbiljiirfli, 
3K1A  -.  pmctltiouu  iu  LmHlOQ,  1816-34  ;  rotli«d  to  Tuu- 
brldKB  Wolla.  [vU.  JM] 

BITRSETT.  Sin  PKAKOIS  IVTO-ISU),  poliUdui: 
foiitliieiit ;   WM  in  PmIs  duriiw  tbQ  mrl;  part  o!  thi! 

BopblH  Doutui.  nit;  K.V.  for  BorDUnhhridirt  KM; 
■dnKAtcd  parltairwQlaT?  rptonn,  uhI  deDounoal  ttie  war 
vltli  Fnuira;  fluflnvl  baivjexpemw  dfit  tlio  ill^piit<^ 

in  parllaDiait :  ImpdM^ird  on  politloil  cljarges,  ISlb.  aod 
a^lD.  18U ;  after  Uctarm  BiU  Uk^UdhI  to  tbe  «Hiwt- 
vativia ;  nouMzntiie  M.P.  tor  Korth  Wtlu,  1837-44, 

BITBDOV.     WIUJAU    (1704-1818).    mlHniliiueoiis 

Tyne ;  VqHow  of  Bmmauael  OoUeBo,  tWoibrtdinj,  17B8-B8 : 
U.A..  17X8:  Uvsl  Doar  Uoipiitb:  publiilied  p^lUcal 
pampbleu.  [viL  i3»] 

BUKOT,  BAMDEL  (1T0O9-1H3O),  Llflorian:  IJ.A. 
Trinlt;  College.  DnblliL.  1781  ;  canteor  Anl^lavi.  17HS, 
aul  liii-unitwiilof  KUdlef,  oa.  Dovn.  <.  I80l>-9<l :  publlilKd 
'  niJtoiy  d(  IrdalKl,'  memoirs,  and  poooL-.        [A.  S»81 

BITBEli,  JOHS  (jt.  UM).    [Scb  BunREL.] 

SU&FORD.  a«t  Kim,  o»  (leTO-l!Sa).  [See  BKiU- 
rLEUk.  CUABUe.] 

BVBFOKII,  ROBRHT  (ITBI-lueij,  artist:  eiblbitol 
pniiorBowb  in  Lelcailer  Sqaart  pmisel  by  Unskin ; 
BiUiDited  Bt  lbs  Acailom]-  tiom  1813.  [TiL  SOU] 

BQKFDBII.  THOMA-B  (Jl.  174U-17CI),  meuoUbt 
tmtti-ra.  cbleSj  dI  ponnite,  [vll.  SUl] 


a  diTioe:    B.A.  Wadbim  College  O 


baninet.  ITM ;  vnjlc  pcema,  plajn,  u 

(<iLM»] 
BUBOES,  JOHN  (174t-18a7>.  pbyaiolin :  HlBialed  at 


[tU.  UK] 

BUB0B8.  iiABY  AKNB   (nea-iaux  autborts, 

IJngolffl.  and  uolurallst.  [tlL  S07] 

BlIBOXa.  WiLLLAU  (1817-1881).  sroliltHt ;  Ualnd 
by  Edward  Blow  [q.  v.].  1*44.  and  DiKby  Wyatt.  184a : 


11  boiiibui^  ai 


id  Cork  Qttbc- 


SOKSSBS,  ANTBOKY  ijl.  imy,  noncanrnnnln ; 
enteral  St.  Jobo'i  Collene.  Cambrldtro.  US3;  felkiir  d1 
BmmaDiic]  OoUege :  aliaplain  to  lite  parUnmeutuy  gar- 

BURfiESa,  DANIEL  (1M»-1T13).  oonnntDnnW; 
cdamtedal  WisCmluiUir  :  eutersd  Uigdaleii  Hall.  OifDrd, 
IQGO :  sotcdu  domestic  obapl^  to  nanoDarnniiat  ^BnbT : 
nuutBr  rrf  OharleYlllo  ■obool,  do.  Cork ;  ordaloed  br  tite 
prabjtaiy  ot  BaHOa  ;  [mprlunal  at  UuIbuHM^  [or 

frewAlng.  1174 :  putoi  to  a  oongnsatlCKi  la  LaAn, 
SBfi-1713  ;  hia  mntlii^boiue  aBckad  bj  Uie  ^clHTaitf 
mob,  1710 ;  pabllabed  wniiDOs  and  dtvotiuial  plecb. 

tTU,30B] 


> ;  Hm  of  Daniel  B 


B.(164i-171J)[q.».];  | 


donnm)  (ot  EnglLdi  dleKDUag  minl«*n, 

[viLign] 
BBHRY  (IBDS-ISW).  lUrbie  :  Blucatfd  at 
tbe  Auglioad  ollureb,  186U ;  LLD.  OIb^^kI 


Oambriaireebirt.   1841-8*  ; 
ijiUaui  from  Ilie  Serine 

BVBOEBB.    JO 
John'!  Ooliigs.  Oaa 


BUBQESS 


169 


Jmdm  T,  leOI ;   led  the  oppmitioii  to  the  1603 

I ;  ejectfd  from  hla  benefice ;  retired  to  Leyden, 

whut  Ik  studied  medkiiw  and  gmdoated  M.D. ;  lnoor« 
panted  IfJX  at  Oamtirid^ ;  retamed  to  Bnglaiid,  e.  1618  *. 
^MiiiWa  to  practise  In  London ;  practiied  malioUie  at 
Iiderath,  Mudkwx :  preacher  at  Biahopigate :  reoiorof 
Sotlim  ^vJ-»**".  Warwick,  1617-M;  cbaplaiu  to  Sir 
HOTatto  Ytrt  abrcMid.  lltM :  prebendary  of  Licliflekl,  16S5 ; 
tinhlh^ri  euMtimeiaial  tiacts.  [vit  810] 

i,  JOHN  (d.  1671X  nonoonformist ;  intruded 
Deronshire ;  ejected,  1668  :  retired 
afterwanls  pastor  at  Hackney ;  kept  a 
at  bUngtod.  [viL  818] 


■8,  JOHN  BAQNOLD  (1889-1897),  painter : 

;of  William  Burgew  (1749  7-1818)  [q.  v.]  :  studied 

at  Bb9w1*  Aoademy  ;  exhibited  at  Academy  first  in  1860, 

1  n«iilariy,  18»8-97  :  visited  Spain,  1868,  and  after,  tlie 

,|Brity  of  bis  pictures  being  stadiee  of  Hpaiiinb  life  aud 

RJU  Ittfi.  [Suppl.  i.  333] 


JOSEPH  TOM  (1888-1886),  anUquarr; 

at  Northampton,  c.  1844 ;  went  with  Dr. 
SavIA  lijfrad  Dondney  [q.  ▼.]  to  Ireland,  and  bei'ame 
edtor  ef  *Oian  Journal  * ;  editeil  various  local  newspapers 
in  Bnglaiid  and  pobiiidied  mimxllaneous  work«,  incloding 
•  HIstaric  Warvickahire,*  1876.  [SuppL  L  336] 


,  RIOHARD  (1796-1H81X  divine :   of  SU 

Joim'^  OoOege,  Oambrid<re  ;  priest,  1K33 ;  Anglican  chap- 
lain at  Oneva,  1888,  aud  Rome,  1831 :  rector  of  Upper 
Ctehea,  1836-61 :  prebendary  of  St.  Paul's,  1860 ;  rector 
of  Hcnilngshmth,  Soffolk,  1869.  [vii.  318] 


i,  JOHN   OART   (1798-1863),    painter   of 
la  VBterKX»kMirs  ;  teacher  of  paiiitiu« :  exhibited 
■t  tbe  Biqral   Academy,  1812;   published   treatiikw  on  ' 
r'***^'*g  aud  pervpective.  [vii.  318] 


«.«.»»..^,  THOMAS  C/l.  1786),  historical  painter ; 
exWbited  in  Loodon,  1766 ;  exhibited  at  the  Academy, 
int-86 ;  taught  drawing  in  London.  [vii.  313]      j 


i,  THOMAS  (1784  7-1807),  painter:  son  of 
WilBam  Bnrgen  (1749  7-1818)  [q.  v.] ;  exhibited  at  the 
Aeadenqr,  1808-6.  [tIL  813] 


I,  THOMAS  (1766-1837).  bishop  of  St.  David's 
sad  SaUsbary ;  educated  at  Winchester  and  Corpus  Ohristi 
OoOtse,  Oxford ;  B.A.,  1778 :  feltow,  1783 ;  resided  in 
Oifbnl  till  1791 ;  prebendary  of  Durham,  1794 ;  rector  of 
WIvcoD,  Dorfaam,  1796 ;  biiihop  of  St.  David's,  1803 ; 
«oit(d  hanl  for  his  diocese  :  founded  St.  David'^  Collei^, 
laapKer.  for  odocatiim  of  Wdsh  denry,  1888 :  translated 
to  BfeUsboiy,  1886 ;  author  of  charges,  sermons,  and 
DJX  [viL313] 


lUBOXM,  THOMAS  0791-1864X  catholic  prelate: 
daosted  at  Ampleforth  :  Benedictine  monk,  18^)7  :  seculnr 
prieit.  1880 ;  priest  of  F^nrtlaud  (Hiapel,  Bath,  1838  :  bi«hop 
ofCfiftoo,  1861 ;  D.D.  [viL  314] 

mOESS,  WILLIAM  (1/49  7-1818),  painter  :  ran  of 
7lio«M  Burgess  i/l.  1786)  [q.  v.] :  exhibited  in  Loudon, 
1716:  cxfaiUted  at  the  Academy,  1774-99;  teacher  of 
daviiV.  [vU.  314] 

IQIOBW,  WILLIAM  0766  7-1813),  engraver  :  isHued 
pinls  of  Linooliishire  chnrdies  ;  baptist  minister  at  Fleet, 
Uneol^hin.  [tU.  316] 

IQBSna,  WILLIAM  OAKLET  (1818-1844).  mezzo- 
tint  tmiafct :  pupil  of  Thomas  Gk>ff  Lnpton  :  engraved 
liBtara  by  Sir  Thomas  Lawrence.  [viL  316] 

BUBffH,  BENEDICT  (Jl.  1478),  translator  of  Oato's 
printed  by  Oaxtoo,  1483;  rector  of  Sandon, 
I4i0 ;  prelMndary  of  St.  Paul's,  1473.     [ vlL  81 6] 

BUS6K,  HUBERT  dk  (d.  1843),  chief  jusUdar  :  of 
Boraan-Iiidi  birth  ;  employed  by  Richard  I :  envoy  from 
KiBf  John  to  Portugal,  1900  :  chaml>erlain  to  King  John, 
18(n ;  pcrhsps  gaoler  of  John's  nephew,  Arthur,  at  Falaiae, 
ISQf ;  cBToy  to  PhiUp  of  Prance,  1803 :  defended  Ohinon, 
1804 ;  seneochal  of  Nunrt  and  Poitou,  1314  ;  named  a  con- 
SRvilor  of  Magna  Oharta,  and  appointed  justiciar,  1816 ; 
*■*— VI  Dover  Oaatle  against  French,  1816 :  oonUnued 
la  the  josticiarsldp  after  John's  death ;  destroyed  the 
Freicb  fleet  off  North  Foreland,  August,  1817 :  head  of 
thenatioaal  party  against  the  foreigners  and  the  bishop 
of  Wiadiester,  1319 ;  married  (his  fourth  wife)  Mnriraret, 
or  Akxaoder  II  of  Boothmd,  1891 ;  demandeil  the 


surrender  of  the  royal  castles  held  by  nobles,  1981 ;  de- 
feated -the  nobles*  plot  to  seise  the  king,  1883  ;  advised 
Henry  III  to  declare  himself  of  full  age  and  banish  the 
bishop  of  Winchester,  1887  ;  created  Earl  of  Kent,  1887  ; 
vicdenUy  attacked  by  Henry  III  in  oouseqnenoe  of  the 
lack  of  money  in  the  treasury,  1889  ;  dq>rived  of  power  by 
combination  of  the  church,  the  nobles,  and  the  Loodcmen, 
1831 ;  granted  justidanhip  of  Ireland,  June  1838 :  dis- 
missed from  offloe,  July  1838,  and  accused  of  many  crimes ; 
imprisoned  in  the  tower,  1838,  and  in  Devises  Castle, 
February  1883  ;  escaped  to  Chepstow,  November  1833,  to 
Richard,  earl  of  Pembroke ;  hi4  outlawry  reversed  and 
earldom  restored,  1384  ;  reconciled  to  the  bishop  of  Win- 
clie*ter,  1837  ;  acquitted  after  a  renewal  of  the  old  chargea, 
1839.  [ViL  316] 

BITBOH,  JAMES  (1714-1776),  pollUcal  writer ;  edu- 
cated at  St.  Andrews ;  press  oorrnctor,  afterwards  u<«her, 
in  Londou  ;  kept  private  ftchool  at  Stoke  Nowington, 
1747-71 ;  author  of '  l\>UUoal  Disquisitions,*  1774-6,  aud 
pamphlets.  [vit  388] 

BITROH,  Sm  JOHN  (1662-1694).  military  aud  naval 
commander;  took  troops  from  Lincolnshire  to  serve  In 
Netherlands,  1686:  knightai ;  governor  of  Doesbnrg ; 
governor  of  the  Briel,  1688 ;  commanded  one  of  tlie  English 
regiments  which  helped  Henry  IV  of  France,  1689-90: 
knighted  on  the  field  at  Ivry.  169(1 ;  commanded  tlie 
squadron  which  captured  the  great  Spanish  treasure-ship 
off  the  Azores,  1698;  killed  in  a  duel  respecting  the 
plunder.  [vlL  388] 

BXJBOK,  RIOHARD  dr  ('/.  1843X  Irish  settler ;  dis- 
possessed  by  King  John  of  his  lands  in  Couiuuight ;  pil- 
grim to  Compostella,  1388  ;  reftorud  by  Henry  III,  1838 ; 
fought  against  Aedh  O'Conor  of  Connaught,  1^ ;  Invaded 
the  Irish  estates  of  Richard,  the  earl  marshal,  and  con- 
tributed to  his  death,  1834;  saUed  to  join  Henry  III  in 
France ;  died  in  Prauoe.  [viL  383] 

BTTBOH,  RIOHARD  dk,  second  Earl  of  Ulhtkr 
aud  fourth  Eaiil  or  Oonnadqht  (1869  7-1886X  eldest 
son  of  Walter  de  Burgh,  earl  of  Ulster  [q.  v.] ;  suoceeded 
to  earldom,  1871  ;  made  war  on  his  late  guardian,  1888 ; 
ravaged  Connaught,  1286 :  deposed  Brian  O'Neill  and  made 
Niall  Cuhwaoh  O'Neill,  king  of  IreLuid,  1886  ;  ceded  Isle 
of  Man  to  Edwaid  1, 1890 :  conquered  Magnus  O'Conor  of 
Connaught,  18U2;  summoned  by  Edwsid  to  serve  in 
France,  1894 ;  Imprisoned  by  Fitageraki,  his  feudal  enemy, 
1894-6 :  made  Vedh  O'Conor  chief  in  Connaught,  1896 ; 
joined  Edward  I  in  Scotland,  1896 ;  summoned  to  serve  in 
France,  1897 ;  served  in  ScoUaiid,  1804 ;  built  Sligo  Castle, 
1310  :  at  war  with  other  Irish  nobles,  1311 ;  made  Felim 
O'Conor  chiitf  in  (Joniuiught,  1816 ;  fought  agaiuHt  Edward 
Bruce,  1316 ;  imprisoned  at  Dublin,  1317,  in  onler  that  lie 
might  not  join  iil4  son-in-law,  Robert  Bruce ;  frequently 
summoned  to  serve  with  Edward  II  in  Scotland  till  1388. 

[vlL3S4] 

BXTBOH,  ULIOK  db,  fifth  Earl  and  Marquih  nv 
Clakricardk  (1604-1667X  succeeded  to  earldom,  1636 : 
served  with  ChHries  I  against  Scots,  1639  ;  of  suspected 
loyalty,  1641 ;  Charles  I's  commissioner  to  meet  ttie 
Irish  confederates,  1643:  commander  of  the  forces  in 
Connaught,  1644 :  created  marquis,  1646  ;  tried  to  recon- 
cile the  Irish  to  Charles  1,  1646  ;  reduced  Galway,  1648 ; 
deputy  in  Ireland  for  Ormonde,  December  1660 :  dis- 
trusted by  the  Irish ;  capitulated  to  the  parliamait,  1668. 

[ViL  326] 

BUBOH,  Sir  ULYSSES  BAGBNAL,  second  Baron 
DowNKB  (1788-1868X  general;  ensign,  1804;  captain, 
1806 ;  aide^ie-camp  to  Wellington  in  Peninsula,  1809-14 ; 
lieutenantKX>lonel,  1818;  K.C.B.,  1814;  colonel,  1886; 
succeeded  to  barony,  1886  ;  clerk  of  the  ordnance,  1888- 
1830 ;  general,  1864.  [viL  887] 

BURGH,  WALTER  dr,  called  Earl  or  Ulmtrr 
id,  1871X  second  son  of  Rlolianl  de  Burgh  (d.  1348) 
!  [q.  v.] ;  succeeded  his  brother  in  the  estatcM,  1848 ; 
granted  posMSsion,  1860 ;  came  of  age,  1863 ;  at  war  with 
the  Irish  of  Connaught,  1866-70 ;  at  war  with  Fitagerald, 
1364-6.  [viL  338] 

BXmeH,  WALTER  HUS8BY  a748-1783),  Irish 
lawyer ;  known  as  Walter  Hussey  till  1762 ;  B.A.  Dublin, 
1768;  married,  1767;  Irish  barrister,  1769:  M.P.  in  the 
Irish  parliament  for  Athy,  1769,  and  for  Dublin  Univer- 
sity, 1776:  prime  Serjeant,  1777:  advocated  free  trade; 
,  opposed  the  union  ,  chief  baron  of  the  Irish  exchequer, 
I  1788 ;  celebrated  orator.  [viL  329] 


a  tba  CoauHUffLn 

a  Ostlisl  Orotihden;  at 

BUXOBi  WILLIAH  ns,  ilxtb  Lonn  at  Omm^aam 
■Ddthlnl  BUL  or  Uurrm  (1I11-11U).  ni«i«il«l  u  t 
minor,  UM:  knlg&ttd,  uul  obtained  pdCMnlon  of  lib 
Htato,  IWi  >t  wu  with  (be  O'BrfMn,  tSt§-tO:  mt- 
tmded  pulliiDent  In  DubUn,  ISN:  it  «r '"  ' 

riU.  I9S0 ;  ImprlKnel :  In  Bngland,  1911 
W>ltardeBDrgb.l)lt. 

smaa,  wilua.u  (iTii-ieo8), 

m  Iitib  l»i.do>rner:  with  Wnl"      " 

MJ.  for  Athy,  1J«B-T« :  tdna 

oppoHd  tlie  anion;  hon.  D.O.L.  Oi 


tAught  Hbool,  J6G3  ;  left  (UAjyln 


fdr  OtK  Diilnnlty  pre*,    lS7e-17ID:  mgnTer 
tulTenlU,  lODJ;  piinoliHlIv  sigraral  portnlta. 

[rtl.M»l 

aiTROHZSSK.  Bafiox.    [See  Paiik.] 

BmaHBRBH.    BARTEOLOUEW,    Bahon    BDRO- 
nnisK.  tbe  elder  (it.  lUS).  FBCoeeded  to  bironj.  ISIO; 

Foiutable  of  Donr  OuUe  frequently  tTom  IS17  :  'clKm-' 
berlsln  of  BdvKrd  III  snl  hli  sttcndut  In  Fnniv  inl 
aootUDdi  siTDT  to  PhUln  of  Fnnoa.  lt»:  ndralrel  of 
Ulunnd  fleet,  lUT  :  eerred  bi  Oa»oiiT.  IMfl.  [tIL  U9] 
,  BARTHOLOMEW,  Babox  BuBn- 
ke  younger  (d.  ISAft),  ton  of  BArtholomew^ 
ghenb,  the  elder  [q.  t.]  ;  Krved  In  Klandem, 
rlttuy.lMl-S,  at  Omry.  13«.  tt  OallU.  IS47. 
_  .....  ..  „    .._^_ »ieiiitiie,l!M; 

Sd,  IM!,'.nd 
[tU.  IM) 


... .  _  .  innndw-in-rhW  In  Ir»- 

«d  byroyillit  Inul  I17  the  wttlgv,  1781:  nuninger  ot  the  Impeuhmt 
bin,  lMe-B3:  uf  M'limu  HuUuge;  vnU  playi,  luoludiiic  tlie '  Halna,' 
t.  [TJLUl]         i:n<:.  [T1I.M0] 

SnilOOTBZ.  Sir  JOHN  POX  (III1-IB71),  owIbw 
nnir-r:  UKgitlnuU  eon  of  John  Bmvoiw  (ini.l7Mt 
[([.  V.]:  slnoaled  it  Bton  ud  Woolwlcb:  encoed  nju 
I'licim-are.  17M:  KiTea  in  HultB.  mdW,  Bgnt,  IM0-7; 
i'ii^-|[ii«  lu  Sir  John  Uoorc^  npedlClon,  1B08-S :  owtaMT 
n-iiii  WaUinfftonlbnwghouttbe  ~    " 


to  Pope  nrbu  V,  ISBS. 

BmaHIUH,  HKKRY  (IN 
«o4a  -.  itodled  ftbrand ;  ptopoeed  f  o 
br  bk  funll/,  1S1»;  Intruded  in 
liSUl  Us  CemponUtteB  Hiial  by 


In    Prunes,  IBlt-lB,  and  in    Portonl.  li 
"'""'""   board,  Ireland,  IfiSl-w ;  mt 


ffjjl.nd  MidK.O.B.  It 


lucated  at  Trinity  Hall.  Oambrid^ ;  hekl  ^neeure  offlea 
1  lilt'  exchequer :  pabllibsi  pamphlota.  [vU.  tM) 

1    UONTAaUE    ROOBB  (d.    IBIT), 


w  Oreyi,  17at ;  Un- 


BUSOBTSD.    WALTER  nil  (/I.  1U7).    [B«  Bxm- 
HBH  or  (14IS-1M9).    [S(*  Xab- 


YoTi  I        BUEHILL  0 


ndcn,  131IS.  In  the  eoutbeni  . 
In  Plandem,  194U,  wberr  br  I 
[Til.  mj  I 
[See  Own,  Wiu-IAH,  fln: 
ftAHUH,  ItlO-itM;  Okcil,  Thuhai,  gccond  Bahon, 
IMS- 1919.]  I 

BUXfflB    BDWARD  (ISTI 7-1747),  la  religion  An-  1 
utuu ;  Domlnlcui  friar :  wivte  on  ecolnlHtical  blitory. 
[Til.  918] 
BUBOO,  Dr.  (171DVtr7t).    [See  Burkk.  Thohah.] 

JOHN    WILLIAH    (1819-1888).  dan    of  1 
BirThoi 
■rf  Oriel' 


I.  NortoUb 

iipiil  iir  SnaLlu-ell.  Ofiinbrld0«hlre,  and  prebeudaiy  of 
Hir.f'iri,  IBCl ;  aulAal  Sir  Waller  Kiilegii  in  hie  ■  Hb- 
tOQ' ul  tlie  World ':  wrote  work!  on  unttoTenlaldlrlnl^. 
[TILM41 
B17REXBS  or  BIFKaBfiD  (reinned  811-874).  kln( 
□  r  yi'rda ;  sncceeded  Beorbtwulf  [q.  t,]  ;  nbdned  the 
n-vnii  ot  North  Walee  and  Angleaej,  by  bdp  of  SOM- 
uidf  nf  the  West^Baiona,  U9:  mantad  iEtMainr^ 
j^:tlir'l'VuirB  daughter.  RMi  eollolled  Wot^uion  Mp 
nK^ilii'i  the  Danea,  8U :  nlnly  bnieRed  tba  Hum  !■ 
Nittlhivham;  aooeptal  Danlah  eupremacy:  reeciTfld  tte 
u>:p.ilid  Northumbrian  UnR,  BJJ ;  Donqueral  by  tbe  DWMik 
i<T-i:  iloJ  to  Home,  and  dial  there.  [tIL  Ut] 

flBaiCB,  EDMnND  (irw-iTW),  si 


TEndly  OollfRe,  Loudon  ;  pnbllshrd  ■  Life  0 

_...)w  of  OrieU  1840  :  M.A..  IMS  ;  Ti™t  of  St.  Mary's! 
Olford,  18M  ;  Oresbam  prDfcswr  of  dl*lidty.  I9fl7  :  dean 

1888,  sermoni,  and  «Drkii  of   religioui  oontroverty :   'a 
liigb  oburchmaii  ol  the  old  tchuol.'  tS^PpL  U  »»] 

BUBOOI,  THOMAS  <1787-1IUB).  Turkey  mercbanc 

employed  la  coin  d^Mitmeat  of  Britlib  Kueeum,  1841. 

[SnppL  I,  JM] 

SUKQOTIIB,  HUQH  TALBOT  (1893-18711),  oaptabi 
mjal  navy,  only  un  of  !»ir  Jnhn  Fox  Burgoyne  [q.  T.) : 
entered  nary,  1647 ;  gained  victoria  vrcvs  for  vrvlea  In 
Blank  Bea,  ISU ;  dnwoed  tn  Uie  tiirret4blp  CapUin  oB  I 


D,  ITHI;  1 


ubled  by 


hisle^ 

tJAtanl  Society,'  sad 

twtnlLt.  Jaoe  H 

and  ■^■m  tot  mae  tinie 

LiTL^uoitfasfitUy  applied 

""  n,  lT«-fl4.»™ 


>ublln :  broubt  ap 
red  Tilulty  u^ln 
.....  . y^  ^,^, 

puhli.hed  worbi.  '  YiDdkmtlOD  ol 

__  'On  the  Bublloie  and  BaiitUal.' 

itbolic.  vrbo  aftcrwaida  tomd  pn- 

'   daiigbter  of  hla  pbnidaB.  OK, 

di-'po[ident  on  bii  uthar-ln-lawi 

for  the   consalship    at    UtflU, 

nual   Regbter.'  17n.  and  sobM- 

-ivale  secreUry  to  WllUara  Gaaid 

anpanylnir  hlin  to  trelanl  1781^ 


171 


BXJBLBY 


bdped  him  by  adTaneet  of  monej  and  datroyed  his 
booJ*  at  Uri  death ;  inherited  a  small  Irish  estate  from  a 
17W,  which  he  sold  in  1790 :   elected  M.P.  for 
r.  176^74,  Uurooffh  the  influenoe  of  Kalpb,  Heoond 
Ant  spoke  ui  parliament,  S7  Jan.  17ft6,  on 
qontlon ;  acknowledged  as  an  orator  of  the 
bat  ooi  of  touch  with  the  house ;  visited 
I7ft :  ▼ehementlj  attacked  the  adminiittration  of 
Qrafton,  especially  in  regard  to  their  deal- 
Imlian,  176^,  and  American  questions,  1767 ; 
Id  the  stockjobbing  operations  of  a  brother, 
and  Loid  vemey  :  was  partly  involved  in 
ITMI,  and  remained  for  the  rest  of  his  life  in 
flnandnl  dlfflcnlties ;   bought  his  estate  at 
1768,  before  the  crash  came;   vigorously 
t  the  fofcign  ud  domestic  poUey  of  the  tory  go veru- 
nm ;  iflsoed  *  Thoughts  on  toe  Present  Discontents,* 
0  April  177U,  nocosing  the  government  of  strangling 
nyjwiiin ;  carried  the  day  in  favour  of  giving  publi- 
in  parliament,  1771;  agent  for  New  York 
1771 ;  vltriently  assailed  by  pamphleteers  under 
tte  tMunwion  that  he  was  author  of  the  *  Letters  of 
Juakmi  177S ;  voted  lor  removal  of  disabilities  of  pro- 
diwsnttrt  and  advocated  taxing  absentee  Irish 
177S :  visited  Paris,  February-Biarch  1778,  and 
with  a  pronoauoed  aversion  to  French  demo- 
coined  by  Cbarlai  James  Fox  in  his  violent  attacks 
k'scoudact  of  affairs,  1774-«;  M.P.  for  Bristol, 
1774-M,  on  the  invitation  of  the  oitisens,  who  afterwards 
taak  offence  at   his  championship  of   Irish   trade  and 
catholie  emanHpation ;   strongly  advocated  peace  with 
ABBlea,  177ft-«:   deUvered   his   great  speech  against 
wtihii1n|  Indians  in  the  American  war,  February  1778; 
hdpsd  Aominl  Keppel  in  his  suooeBsful  defence  before  a 
esoit-Biartial,  1779 ;  advocs^  economical  reform  in  the 
Boiitte  service  and  restrictions  on  the  slave-trade,  1780 ; 
htmmt  ICP.  fbr  Malton,  Yorkshhie,  1781-94,  through 
Lnri  BookinghMnVi  influence;   again  advocated  econo- 
■ieil  reform,  and,  bv  his  attacks  on  the  conduct  of  the 
Awrican  war,  focoed  North  to  resign,  1781-S ;  kept  out 
fl(  the  cabinet  by  the  whigs  on  their  coming  into  office, 
bot  mde  paymaster  of  the  forces,  March-July  178S; 
ai|ed  eoonominal  reform  with  partial  suooes«,  and  the 
oBBfcning  of  self-government  on  Ireland,  1783 ;  reUred 
tfOB  the  ministry  with  Fox,  July  178S ;  aoqulcMied  in  the 
miitlQn  government  of  Fox  and  North  uikler  tlie  Duke 
of  Portland,  and  accepted  paymast^yhip  of  tbc  forces, 
ITU;  active  member  <n  the  committee  which  inve»tiprati5l 
thesffain  of  the  Bast  India  Company,  wrote  the  '  Ninth 
Bipart,'  on  the  trade  of  Bengal  and  the  tiy^tcni  purAiied 
bf  Warren  IlaAtiugii,  and  tlie  '  Elcveutli  Keport,'  on  the 
fptem  of  preHttits,  and  drafted  the  Kovcninicnt's  Ka.^t 
lodis  bin,  17^ ;  lord  rector  of  Uh»gow  Univeroitv.  1784 
aid  ITui ;    personally  unpopular  in  the  IToumc  of  Ooni- 
■OBs :  oDotinoed  his  attack  on  Warren  Hastinirs,  1 7H5  ; 
taicllsd  hi  Scotland,  1785 ;  joiud  by  PbUip  Fraiidi^  in 
BTRing  the  impeachment  of  Hastings.  1786,  which  was 
**wa|rt"hf*«,  10  May  1787  :  opened  the  case  for  the  im- 
pOKhmcnt  in  Westminster  Hall,  February  17H8;  ngaiu 
pM^  over  hj  Fox  in  forming  a  cabinet,  1788 :  joined 
rac  in  opholding  right  ot  Prince  of  Wales  to  n^ency, 
ItK :  Mipported  Wilberforce  in  advocating  abolition  of 
te  ilave-tnde,  1788-9  ;  spoke  in  parliament  againrtt  the 
Frendi  democracy,  February  1790,  and  Issued  lib  '  Ketlec- 
tiou    on    the   FraK;h    Revolutiou,*    November    1790; 
ertnoied  in  consequence  from  Fox  and  Sheridan :  pre- 
Tifledoa  the  new  parliament  to  continue  the  impcach- 
aent  of   Hastings,  1790 :    LL.D.  Dublin,  1701 ;    Anally 
with  Fox  and  the  whigs,  179L  ;  voted  against 
.  of  disabilities  from  unitarians*,  and  nguinst  par- 
rrform,  advised  his  friends  to  support  Pitt  and 
the  toriaii^  pieaiiwi  for  war  with  France,  and  openly  joined 
the  ministerial  party,  1792 ;  continued  his  quarrel  with 
Flos  and  Sheridan,  1794 ;  d^vered  his  nlne-day»'  speech 
for  the  impeachment  of  Hastings  in  reply  to  the  deieuoe, 
int;  retired  from  parliament,  July ;  .pensioned  by  the 
iriaSstiy,  1794 ;  enooaraged  the  foundation  of  Mayuooth 
rWhfc,  17M :  present  at  the  acquittal  of  Hastings,  1795 ; 
TiaWlihfil  a  •dbotA  for  sons  of  French  refugees  at  Penn, 
Ire,  and  wrote  *  Letters  on  a  Regicide  Peace,* 
ooUected  works  were  published,  1798-1827. 

[Vil  346] 
EDMUND  PLUNKBTT  (1802-1835),  judge : 
at  Caen,  Normandy,  and  Oambridge :  called  to 
bar  at  the  Inner  Teimte;  jodgebiBtLucia.We^t  Indies, 
on  civUUw.  [viL  865] 


BXnELKE,  JOHN  (1787-1848),  geneatogical  and  herakiic 
writer :  issued  '  Peerage  and  Baronetage,'  1826,  *  Extinct 
Peerage,*  1831,  •Commoners,*  1833-8  (in  later  editions 
called  *  Landed  Uetitry'X  'Extinct  Baronetdes,*  1838, 
and  *  Knightage,*  1841,  alM  works  on  the  royal  family  and 
on  heraldry.  [viL  S65] 


Sir  JOHN  BERNARD  (1814-1892),  Ulster 
king-of-arms,  son  of  John  Burlce  [q.  v.] ;  educated  at 
Oaen  Odlege,  Normandy  ;  called  to  bar  at  Middle  Temple, 
1839;  Ubtter  klitg-of-arms  In  Irehmd,  1H53 ;  knighted, 
1854 :  keeper  of  xtate  papers  in  Ireland,  1855 ;  honorary 
LL.D.  Dublin,  1802  ;  O.B.,  1868 :  appointed  a  governor  of 
National  (.lallury  of  Ireland,  1874.  He  aiinuaUy  re-edlted 
his  father's  worb*,  including  '  Peerage,*  1847-92,  pubUsh- 
ing  alM)  *  VitfUMltudes  of  Families,*  1859-63,  and  other 
genealogical  works.  [SuppL  i.  338] 

BXnELKE,  PETER  a8Il-1881),  legal  writer ;  eldest  sou 
of  John  Burke  [q.  v.j[ ;  educated  at  Caen,  Normandy  ; 
barrirtterof  the  Inner  Temple,  1839  ;  serjeant-at-law,  1859  ; 
wrote  on  legal  subjects  and  remarkable  trials.  [viL  866] 


«w«»<».  ROBERT  O'HARA  (1820-1861%  AustraUan 
explorer ;  eilucated  in  Belgium  ;  captain  hi  the  Austrian 
service ;  entered  the  Irish  constabulary,  1848 ;  inspector 
of  police  in  Victoria,  1853 ;  leader  of  expedition  to  cross 
Australia  from  south  to  north,  1860 ;  reached  estuary  of 
Flinders  river,  1861  ;  starved  to  death  at  Cooper's  Creek, 
June  1861 ;  buried  at  Melbourne.  [vii.  366] 


17K 


;,  THOMAS  (17107-1776X  latinised  dkBuroo, 
church  historian  ;  native  of  Dublin ;  j<Hued  Dominicans 
at  Rome,  1726 :  compiled  *  Ofada  propria  Sanctorum  Hi- 
bemifli,*  1761  (revised  edition,  1769) ;  began  the  history 
of  the  Dominicans  in  Irehuid,  1758  (published,  1762,  *  Hi- 
bemia  Dominicana,'  and  a  supplement,  1772);  bishop  of 
Ossoiy,  1759 ;  wrote  theological  works.  [vli.  367] 

BXnELKE,  THOMAS  (1749-1815),  engraver,  chiefly  of 
works  by  Angelica  Kauffmann.  [vii.  368] 

BUBXS,  THOMAS  HENRY  (1829-1882),  under-Mcre- 
tary  for  IreUnd,  1869-82 ;  began  offlohil  life  at  Dublin 
Castle,  1847 ;  murdered  in  Phoenix  Park.  [viL  868] 

BTJBKX,  THOMAS  NICHOLAS  (1880-1883X  Domi- 
nican preacher  and  lecturer;  at  Rome,  1847;  joined 
Dominicans  at  Perugia ;  studied  theology  at  Rome ;  priest 
on  the  English  mission,  1853;  founded  the  convent  at 
Tallaght,  Dublin  ;  prior  of  convent  in  Rome ;  lectured  in 
the  United  States,  1872 ;  published  lectures  and  sermons. 

[riL  868] 

BURKS,  ULICK  RALPH  (1845-1895),  Spanish  scho- 
Ur :  B.A.  Trinity  Colkgu,  DubUn,  186"  ;  caUal  to  Iwr 
at  Middle  Temple,  1870 ;  travelled  in  Hp^u,  and  subse- 
quently studied  Spanish  Uterature  aiHl  history  ;  barrister 
at  high  court  of  North- West  Provinces,  India.  1873-8,  and 
in  Cyprus,  1885-9;  registrar  lof  qaarter-eessions,  1889; 
publUbed  '  History  of  Spain,'  1895,  und  otlier  works. 

[SuppL  L  338] 

BURKS,  WILLIAM  ((/.  1798),  snppoHed  autlior  of 
the  *  Letters  of  Junius ' ;  entered  Westminster  School, 
1748,  and  Christ  C*hurch.  Oxfonl,  1747;  B.C.L.,  1755; 
under-secretary  of  state,  1755-8  ;  M.P.  for  Qreat  Bed  win, 
1766-74 :  stock-jobber ;  bankrupt,  1769 :  In  India,  1777- 
1792  ;  lived  with  his  kinsman,  Edmund  Burke  [q.  v.],  at 
Beaoonsfielii,  1798.  [vii.  869] 

BURKS,  WILLIAM  (1792-1829).  murderer;  navvy  in 
Scotland,  1818 ;  lodged  with  William  Hare  In  Edinburgh, 
1827,  and  sold  a  dead  body  to  the  surgeons ;  smothered 
people  for  the  purpose  of  selling  their  bodios,  1828; 
hanged  at  Edinburgh.  [vil.  370] 

BURKHEAD,  HENRY  (/.  1645),  autlior;  published 
at  Kilkenny,  1646,  *  Cola's  Fury,  or  Lirenda's  Misery,*  a 
tragedy  on  the  Irish  troubles.  [viL  37 1] 

BURXITT,  WILLIAM  (1650-1703),  divine  and  com- 
mentator ;  educated  at  Cambridge  grammar  scliool  and  at 
Pembroke  Hall,  Cambriflge ;  M.A..  1672 ;  rector  of  Miklen, 
Suffolk;  vicar  of  Dedliam,  Essex,  1692-1703;  author  of 
sermons  and  expository  works.  [viL  871] 

BURLBIOH,  Barokb  of.  [See  Balpour,  Robert, 
second  Baron,  d»  1663 ;  Balfour,  JoifN,  third  Barok, 
d.  1688;  Balfour,  Hobekt,  flfth  Baron,  d.  1757.] 

BURLSY,  JOHN  (d.  1333),  CarmeUte  of  Stamford. 

[vii.  872] 


tUXLXt.Si 
BUck  PriUH  In  AqoiWiH,  13 


tte  HiIK'B  niKiTill«s  wlUi  Anne  df  BoheinlK,  K 
Mleluuil's  oppMienU  »«]  bebaJed,  IStm. 
dkh  tutor ;  prtibably 


pntubly  h  Hwular  priat;  npu 

>y  la  IlK  popr.  lia?  and  030; 
powllilj  Icleulitiil  «ilh  »  p«JtUmiT 


PliilDBopUonid*'  KM  priiitol  1«I.  Seienil  otlior  tfmlUM 
by  liliD  wen  Itsaal  in  the  llKvcnlb  uud  Hirly  part  or  Uie 
sixtwutb  oBulurj,  mid  iiauij  mirvlvo  In  mainucript. 

BmtLST,  WILLIAJi  (Jl.  UMX  upwker  □(  tlw  Hodh 
Qf  OtHDmooL  Uia  anl  14U :  U.p,  fgr  ShrDtnbLreat  Ic- 
bxvBlfl  from  UlT  to  I4dfi  ;  iLedff  ol  ahropAhLrc  l-ISS.. 

tYit.  17»] 

BUKLDfaTOIT,  Kahlb  op.  [Sm  BoYut  Rr-imbo, 
Gift  EiUul.  1011-1M7;  BoVLK,  BiL'iuiui.  Uilnl  BiKI, 
JBM-1743.] 

BDBLOWX,  HBNBT(J.1B37).    [SwBkhnb'.I 

aVBlT.  JOHN  (d.  1S33].    tS«  ButiLL-T.] 

BUUUir.  THOMAS  (if.  1071),  Kulpuir.   [liL  370] 

BVBV.  EDWARD  {ITel-lHT),  wilUr    ogiiluat  Dr. 

JcMuli  TrlHlley  [q.  t.]  1  aluiutAk  ■!.  Tnvemu  College. 

WiiIh;  siterai  St.  Bdmund  MsU.  Oxford.  17H4:  M.A„ 

17>1 :  lulurrr  at  Rt.  ilarj't  Olwpd,  BInnlnKhim.  I7S(- 

18)7 ;  rector  o[  BoHthoott,  9hrD|i^lre :  publldinl  Kmoui 

Hud  tn>cu.  [rU.  170] 

SHEX,  JOHN  (ITM  T~180t),  Uwyrr :  ■  Wvtmorttuid 
Sit^B  onlu  filbw't  uisnuals!     '''     "  '         [,|i.  jjij 


tn-parocblBl  KgLstcn,  18 


l~(l ;  publlihcil  ■  HlttArj 
I  Id  OiHliDd,'  law.  mad 

otber  MiUquitdui  o-oila.  [SuppI- 1-  UO] 

BVUI.  RIORARD   fl700'178B).  lanl  writer;  B.A. 

Qd«n>  Colli^,  Oilurd.  17M  ;  vlcsr  ot  OrUm.  WHUaors- 

Unl  Lnw,'  17«U,  ■  HiBtoi?  of  WeiUiiai^uid  Hal  Cumber- 
l»Dd,'  tm.  [Til.  JT7J 

BUUr.  WILLIAU  <17a>-ie70X  usbltect  of  Dam- 


BUXVABT.  AKDHBW 


kT', 


'^£ 


rlc»r  of  dnaiwicti.  17G» ; 
iDtbor  of  tnTels.  lemioDt,  ana  ouai^es. 
BTniVAST,  OHARLa'!  (V)  Of-  I'OO), 


[til.  S7B] 

OoUege,  Oiun- 

Italy  Hid  Coni« : 
of  Lelndto-,  t7BA ; 


Lt  tbey 

egB.  Oifoni,  1081.  Ind  tbs  MIddls  Tmnplii,  1SSS,  tmu- 
■tor  Df  FEtnnlai,  lEM.  [tlL  S7t] 

BUSITABT.  FRBDSRICKOnaTATUB(IMt-lgBSX 
^ermuiy  ;   k  faoUe  lioeultt;   oomet,  l.~" 


;"ffii 


1871.  >ul  in  Cbe  Soudwi.  18 


NBVILI.     NORTHBY     (1811-1878), 


BITE  or  BOUSK,  KIOOL  (jf,  IMIX  oontroTO- 
:  DalTlnlit :  piolf^for  it  St.  Audrewi ;  adoiited 
I ;  iDtprlEoual  at  ^t,  Aodnwa  ud  Bllabursb. 


GBllem 
nuyil  Acvlrraj  ■  Tbe  Dmtla 
lul  InqiienllT  at  futa  fnn 


St^n'  {1880). ■KluiOopheCu' (IBM), and  tbe  '(Hi 

ol  Pw '  (Ita'y.  [SuppL  L  M 

SinUmX,    AKTHDR  COKE  (lUO-iaat).  u 

tboritj  «i  SBiiiidrll  aiid  the  languuea  -"  ° — ""^ —  '- 


of  KluK*!  Cotleee.  London  :  i 
Arablu.  Egypt,  Ji 


tbe  Indlu  OItII  Ser- 


EDWARD  l_Jt.  1M3). 
HESRY  (j).  1041X  pobiirtied 


[rtU  1841 
"t^WJ* 


f   Prince  Bdwmnl.  w 


tTlLSM] 
/.  1»9).  blihop  of  BiUi  aid 
rdu'ud  to  Fruioe.  IMO,  and 


u  bare  *  wttOf 

1M»:  b^rto^ 

D  OutertiaiT  (or 


III!  deMb :  blahop  of  Balb  lod  WeUi,  1I7» :  oiw  of  Prim* 
Uevelya'i  Jndgia,  1170 ;  employed  on  ■  niiiakiD  In  Pniia 
and  Oauouy,  1378  :  ponalRtud  tor  arobMibop  of  Oan- 
twbui;  It  tbB  nuavt  of  BdTOd  L  ItTB,  BBd  elacttf  la 
•ee  of  Wtnchoter.  118U,  but  Kt  uldo  taf  tbe  pwg ;  lettlel 

Ing  tbe  eonrt:  employBd  on  (bBWAh  bardcr.  IWM : 
framed  tbe  itatnCe  of  Bbuddlan.  1383  :  parlluneol  met  U 
bla  ball  at  Actoo.  1181:  with  Bdward  I  Ln  trmt, 
i«i  o.  — 1.^-1  _..  luqoirj  jirto  the  nondact  of  tbe 

ta,o«nldcaiaIa  I 

«  and  llbeitlea  lor  We^  Oatbedial 
il  tbe  crowu  agabut  Poclibaa,    ' 


-(eUhg- 


Welli;  pi 
'     tefSn 
Fi» 
[tH.  I8«] 


BUBNES 


178 


BURNETT 


Btiml 


vilh 


:  officer  in  the  Bombay  luiti-ve  Infantry,  18§1 ; 

otttiTe  Ungnagn:  assistant  resident  in  Outch, 

Sind  and  the  Ponjab,  1880 :  visited  Alffhan- 

tlie  Tarkoman  ooontry,  Persia,  188S ;  in 

ian-% ;    eoToj  to  Doet  Mahomed,  18S6 :  ad- 

with  bim  ;  knighted,  1839  ;  political  officer 

the  annj  at  Oabul,  1839-41 ;  slain  in  the  massacre. 

[vii.  8891 

JAMBS  (1801-186S>,  physician  in  India ; 

mnlirlnr    in   Bdinbnrgh   and  London :    in  the 

serrioe  at  Bombay,  18S1:   surgeon  at  Cutch; 

the  Slnd  expedition,  18S6;   pablished  his 

;  1890 :   in  Bngland,  1834-8 :   LL.D.  Glasgow, 

gnrleofi-saTgeon,  1837,  and  afterwards  physidan- 

at  Bombay ;  retamed  to  Sngland,  1849. 

[vii-  391] 

UnUnSTOV  or  BO&ASTOV,  SIMON   (Jl.  1338). 
■ad   theological  writer ;    reputed  D.D.  Gam- 
<rf   the  Dominican   oonrent,  Oxford: 

[viL391] 


%  ALEXANDER  (1614-1684),  archbishop  in 

;  a  rdatave  of  the  Barb  of  Traqoair  and  Teviot : 

to  the  Bail  of  Traquair ;  refugee  in  England,  e. 

1C39;  took  Anglican  oidera;  beneficed  in  Kent;  ejected 

lOO:  uuewii  tlie  Ohannd,  and  hdd  correspondence  for 

Obutes  II ;  chaplain  to  Dunkirk  garrison,  e.  1660 ;  bishop 

el  AlMvteen,  1663  ;  archbishop  of  tfiasgow,  1664  *.  a  strong 

Mgh  cdnrchmau,  oj^oeed  to  terms  with  the  presby* 

MsBB,  provoking  tbe  ooTcnanter  rising  by  his  severity, 

UM:    strooglj   opposed    to   Landerdi^'s   conciliate^ 

poBcj,  1688 ;  compdled  to  resign  his  see,  1669,  but  re- 

rtond,  1674 :  arcbUahop  of  St.  Andrews,  1679-84. 

[vii.  39S] 

lUUm,  ELIZABETH  (1661-1709X  authoress  of 
'iMetbod  of  Devotion,*  1709 ;  n^  BUke ;  married,  1678, 
BAert  Bertdsj  (d.  1693)  of  Spetchl^,  Worcestershire : 
MiAed  ai  the  H^oe,  1684-9 ;  married  (third  wife)  QUbert 
,  (l64S-ini)  [q.  v.],  1699.  [vii.  393] 


.,   GILBERT  (1643-in5),  bishop  of  Salis- 

boy :  of  an  Abeideenshire  family ;  son  of  a  weU-to-do 

Unbargh  lawyer,  three  times  exiled  for  refusing  the 

««*eoaot;  his  mother  a  strict  presbyterian  ;  educated  at 

Mtfiselml  CoUege,  Aberdeen  :  M.A. ;  studied  law ;  after- 

vuds  studied  divinity  and  history ;  probationer  of  the 

Seottlih  church,  1661 ;  practised  extemporary  preaching  ; 

tfaooght  ill  of  tbe  oppressive  policy  of  the  Scottish  bishops, 

IMS;  visited  Cambridge,  Oxford,  and  London,  and  re- 

foni  tbe  parish  of  Saltoun,  Haddingtonshire,  1663 ;  studied 

Hebrew  at  Amsterdam ,  visited  Paris  and  the  court  at 

London,  1664  :  P.&a,  1664 ;  minister  of  Saltoun,  1665-9 ; 

VTote  against  Hx  Soottiiih  bishops  and  tu  favour  of  Laudcr- 

4ife^  mUder  poiicy,  1666;  clerk  of  Haddington  presby- 

tsy,  1667 ;  aoonded  as  to  a  proposal  to  divorce  Charles  II's 

fBsn  for  barrenness ;  in  Lauderdale's  confidence,  1667  ; 

CBftefed  by  Archbishop  Leighton  to  negotiate  with  the 

Kesbyleriaoa,1660 ;  employed  by  the  Duchess  of  Hamilton 

IB  ebtain  tbe  Ui^  sanction  for  placing  presbyterian 

Bdiibiers  fas  cCTtaln  parishes :  professor  of  divinity  at 

Qlsuppy,  1669 ;  advised  the  privy  council  to  send  a  com- 

wisrtnn  into  Uie  west  to  inquire  into  the  growing  dis- 

taataA',  employed   by  Leighton  to  urge  tbe  moderate 

Mbytcriaos  to  accept  the  offers  of  tbe  court,  1670,  and 

by  tbe  Docbeas  of  Hamilton  to  arrange  her  family  papers 

(pBbbbed  'Memoirs  of  the  Dukes  of  HamUton,'  1676); 

tbe  Duke  of  Hamilton  to  accept  the  court 

1671 :  summoned  to  London  to  advise  Lauder- 

dsle,  and   offered   tbe    bishopric  of  Edinburgh,  1671; 

auxied  hia  first  wife  [see  Burxet,  Makoaret],  1671 ; 

joinei  tbe  Doke  of  Hamilton  In  reprobating  Lauderdale's 

aev  policy  of  victence,  1672 ;  wrote  in  bivour  of  obedience 

loqMoopacy,  and  against  popery,  1673 :  visited  Loudon ; 

ss  Uog'a  chaplain  remonstrated  wltb  Oharles  II  on  his 

pndlgafey,  1673 ;  incurred  tbe  hatred  of  Lauderdale,  1673 ; 

west  to  London,  June  1674 ;  dismissed  by  the  king  from 

hiidiaidBincy :  preached  tn  London  churches ;  chaplain 

«r  tbe  Bolls  Ctrnpti  and  lecturer  of  St.  OlemenVs,  1676-84 : 

wituesi  against  lAOderdale  before  the  House  of  Com- 

■saa,  1676 ;  offered  tbe  see  of  Chichester,  1678 ;  depre- 

erted  peiietuitton  of  Roman  catholics  during  the  popish 

piBl,  1679-80,  incmring  tbe  dislike  both  of  the  court  and 

eftte  extreme  anti-popery  party ;  published  his  *  History 

ef  Ibe  Befonnatian  tai  England,*  vol.  1. 1679  [vol.  ii.  1681, 

fd.  fa.  1714] :  remonstrated  with  Charles  n  on  his  evil 


life,  1680 ;  attended  the  deathbed  of  the  Earl  of  Rochester, 
1680 ;  Intimate  with  William,  loni  Russell,  1681 :  asked, 
but  was  refused,  the  mastership  of  the  Temple ;  obtained 
places  in  England  for  dispossessed  Scottish  clergy,  1689 ; 
wrote  against  popery  ;  attended  Lord  Russell  on  the  scaf- 
fold ;  withdrew  to  Paris,  1683 :  returned  to  England ;  ejected 
from  his  chaplaincy  at  the  Rolls  and  his  lectureship  by 
Oharles  II,  1684  ;  visited  Paris,  Rome,  Gkneva,  Strasburg, 
Frankfort,  Heidelberg,  and  Utrecht,  1686-6  [publishing  a 
narrative  of  his  tour,  1687] ;  visited  the  Hague  on  In- 
vitation of  the  Prince  of  Orange,  1686;  outlawed  by 
James  II,  1687 ;  married  his  second  wife,  Mary  Scott 
(d,  16981  1687;  obtained  from  Mary,  consort  of  the 
Prince  of  Orange,  a  promise  to  place  power  In  William's 
hands  ;  advised  Sophia  of  Hanover  of  the  Intended  inva- 
sion of  EngUnd;  drafted  William's  'declaration';  ao- 
oompanied  William  to  Torbay  and  London,  1688 ;  bishop 
of  Salisbury,  1689  :  advocated  toleration  in  the  House  of 
Lords ;  preached  the  coronation  sermon  ;  carried  the  bUl 
to  attaint  Sir  John  Fen  wick,  1697  ;  appointed  to  attend 
Peter  the  Great,  1 698 ;  married  his  third  wife  [see  Bumnrr, 
EuzABETH]  ;  published  'Exposition  of  the  xxxix 
Articles,*  1699  (censured  by  the  lower  house  of  convoca- 
tion, 1701);  had  charge  of  the  succession  bill,  1701; 
attended  William  on  his  deathbed,  1702;  opposed  the 
occasional  conformity  bill,  1703  ;  obtained  first-irultii  and 
tenths  for  church  purposes  ('Queen  Anne's  Bouuty*), 
1704;  spoke  against  Sacheverdl,  1710;  remonstrated 
witb  Anne  for  countenancing  the  Pretender,  James 
Edward ;  liverl  latterly  in  Clerkenwell ;  wrote  a  *  History 
of  his  own  Times '  (published,  1723-34),  sermons,  contro- 
versial treatises,  and  political  pamphlets.         [vll.394] 

BXTEKET,  GILBERT  (1690-1726),  pamphleteer :  ran 
of  Gilbert  Burnet  (1643-1718)  [q.  v.] ;  educated  at  Ley- 
den  and  Merton  College,  Oxfonl ;  B.A.,  1706  ;  chaplain  to 
George  1, 1718 ;  rector  of  EastBamet,  1719-26.  [viL  404] 

BUBITBT,  JAMES  M.  (1788-1 816X  landscape-painter : 
came  to  London,  1810 ;  exhibited  at  the  Academy,  1812- 
1814.  [TlL  406] 

BTTKHST.  JOHN  (1784-1868),  painter  and  engraver ; 
trained  In  Edinburgh ;  came  to  London,  1806 ;  engraved 

flctures  by  David  Wilkie;  exhibited  at  the  Academy, 
808-23,  and  at  the  British  InsUtution  ;  pensioned,  1860 ; 
wrote  treatises  on  drawing  and  painting.  [vlL  406] 

BTTKHST,  MARGARET  (1630  7-1686  ?),  eldest 
daughter  ci  John  Kennedy,  sixth  earl  of  C^issllls;  a 
determined  presbyterian ;  long  in  the  confidence  of 
Lauderdale;  married  Bishop  Gilbert  Burnet  (1643-1716) 
[q.  v.],  1671.  [vU.  407] 

BTTKHST,  Sir  THOMAS  (1632  ?-1716  ?),  physician ; 
studied  medicine  at  Montpellier ;  M.D.,  1659 ;  practised 
in  Edinburgh  ;  published  '  Thesaurus  Medidnie  practicte,* 
1672 ;  original  fellow  of  the  Edinburgh  OoUege  of  Phy- 
sicians, 1681 ;  knighted  before  1691 ;  published  medical 
works.  [vlL  408] 

BTTBirET,  THOMAS  (1635  7-1715),  master  of  the 
Charterhouse,  1685-1716;  educated  at  Northallerton 
school  and  Cambridge  ;  fellow  of  Christ's  College,  1657  ; 
M.  A.,  1658 ;  withstood  James  Il'd  attempt  to  appoint  a 
catholic  pensioner  of  the  Charterhouse,  1687 ;  chaplain 
and  clerk  of  the  closet  to  William  III,  1689-92 ;  published 
works  on  theology  and  cosmogony,  which  excited  much 
contemporary  critici6m.  [vii.  408] 

BTJBKST,  THOMAS  (d.  1750),  divine;  rector  of 
West  Kington,  Wiltshire,  1706-50  :  D.D.  New  College, 
Oxford,  1720 ;  wrote  worlra  of  doctrinal  theology. 

[rlL  410] 

BTTBVST,  Sir  THOMAS  (1604-1753),  judge :  youngest 
son  of  Gilbert  Burnet  (1643-1716)  [q.  v.] ;  at  Lcyden, 
1706-7  :  travelled  In  Germauy,  Switzerland,  and  Italy ; 
entered  the  Middle  Temple,  1709  ;  barrister.  1715  ;  consul 
at  Lisbon,  1719 :  serjeant-at-law,  1736 ;  justice  of  the 
common  pleas,  1741 ;  knighted,  1745 ;  published  pam- 
phlets, chiefly  poUticaL  [vlL  410] 

BXTBKET,  WILLIAM  (</.  1729),  colonial  governor; 
son  of  GUbert  Burnet  (1643-1715)  [q.  v.] ;  educated  at 
Cambridge  and  Lejrdoi ;  governor  of  New  York  and  of 
Massachusetts,  1728.  [vU.  404] 

BXIBKETT,  GEORGE  (1776  7-181 1),  compiler  of 
<  Specimens  of  English  Prose,*  1807 ;  entered  Balliol  Col- 
let Oxford,  and  subsequently  the  dissenting  college  at 


lantb  :  stadled  maiioliie  ■ 


Faluid,Df  wbUiliw 


QEORQB  (IMt-lBM),  hJiloHnu  mud 
penuoiD  wiuiar ;  caJled  to  ScotlUh  b«r,  1H4A :  Ljou 
depute  1BS4:  L^nn  klng-nl-unu.  ISeai  L.L.D,  KiUu- 
burRh.  IflM :  rhiid  work,  ui  (dttlou  of  '  Exi^bBiiKr  Rolli 
iJ84-l607  '  (IWI-W).  [SappL  1.  SM] 

BUKHETT,  QILBERT  TSOUAS  (iaU0-18M),  pn> 
faior  of  botiuij  bt  Kinff^a  CoLLcge,  LaodrHi,  imi-fi, 
pnetiad  mgdldue  lii  LoDdDii :  publUlml  boUDloHl  tut 
tooti  [vli.  tm 


BUSJtETT,  J' 


S  (1TOT-17M),  Abudwi  n 


[vU.  «l*l 
(IJMMBIO),  adTooite.  17M; 
flhdTlIT  t±  Haddingtou,  1B(}^;  judgB-HduiLrnL  of  SHftlanl, 
laid :  wntc  '  Orimlml  I^w  of  Sootlina.'  [vU.  114] 

BtranTT,  em  WILUAK  (irre-lMl),  ai^renClDD 

U»  NtlE,  Tnblinr;  phynlcUn  w  cbe  Halitemnoui 
fleet,  lltia-1].  ual  bC  GluthBin,  IHH :  pmotiwd  it 
OhiahcctBT,  ISLS  ?'M :  pbyaJciui'geDer&l  of  the  navy, 
lBH?-(li  kDlchtal,  IMl ;  piteutal  ■  (UilDlectiog  lluld: 
-pubUitad  Budlo^  tnctr.  [rU.  lit] 


I :  kept  pr]vue  »c 
gniDltli.  lTU-»3,  ina  DC  aiumwjch,  IfS! 
If  Cllfle,  Kent,  mbd  of  Bt,  I'sul'i.  Deptlon 
r  of  LUiooIn*  1617;  pubUabBl  tnclc  vii 
of  QfvA  teifmtrnpbj  aud  tm^c  pietm 
was  Iwuglil  foi  tliE  Uritiib  Uumm.     [vlL 


(17S9-1M0).     [See  AHOL. 


SnBjraY,  JAUBS  (ITCO-IStl),aiptalD,rDTi 
WD  of  Ohuta  Bnroey  (iria-IStl)  [q.  i.];  eiiU 
"  "    '     lltb   OlptiJu   Gnok    Da   liia 

j-nins  (I77i-H)|; 
t   CoddAlore.  17B3;   n-l 


n.y.  1;m:   ■ 


ii,lft81;  ■flu-Autl]  II 


mpriionei  In 

1;  imprisoned 

Id  ;  pubUilied 

[tILDO] 


RICHARD  (1 
.     . ,         ..    „    -ouallflt :  Doaipiler  ai  •  FIoua  UeaiDri«lv,' 
pabllihed  17tS.  [ill.  Ul] 

BUBITHAK,  RIORAHD  (lH>f~18tO),  t»p(Ut  ud 
hrnn-n^i";  «  WMltjin  it  High  Wycomln;  tiaptM 

[tIL  tW] 
BTIUre.   ALLAK  (17X1-1813).  1«tar«  oil  imgoy 
and  aaotoiuy  at  CfIhs^dv  ;  stndkai  owdioiiie  InlrJugotf, 
17M:   Tiiitud  RnniK,  ItKH:  pubLUIied  uiuonilcs]  tn»- 

tlH.  [TiLUl] 

Binura,  SlBOBOnOE.antbuoietdTU-ISMI.lhlB- 
Dwner  :  bnUKT  o<  Jobo  Bonu  [q.  *.] :  anlmd  raitondiv 
witli  liil  bnUier  Jiioici  ■•  gennl  mmhuit  it  niinul. 
c  181S :  fdandBd^  isn,  oith  BuuiMl  Oonud  In.  *J,BaSiai 
Napier  (ITBl-lBTS)  [q.  t.1.  and  othcia  Onnaid  OiiBiiiuVi 
wlijeh  abtaiiwd  admlnlo  DOBlf«ct  In  anyiug  Martt 
Americanmalli:  creitalbiniiKt,ll)ag.   [BappLLMll 

BUBKB,  lel.AY  (1BI7-1H73),  ttieologiaa:  edBcated 

ter  of  Fnjc  St.  ret«r's,  thmdcki,  iSt3-ei ;  ptotssaor  in  Itaa 
Phb  Cbarcb  OoUoge,  (JLatgnw,  IBM-JI ;  wrote  menoia 
aud  works  on  cliun^b  biatory.  [TlL  ttl] 

BDRXB,  JADK2  (lB0»-la7«X 


bubub.  jambs  (i7tii 

OlBagow.    Hl4  -Memoir,  o 
1661  ■  ore  pmorvod  In  Uu  m 
OrawfonL 

CHlt.).  merohiint  ;    b^illle  ol 
[viL«l) 

Brans. 

a  (iJHO-isji), 

blpo-n 

"J^E^ 

raf 


BTTEHB,  JAMB9  DRCMMOKD  {ISaS-lBM),  dlrlafl 
located  at  Rerlot'i  KoapitAl,  the  UniTenttj.  1U9.  lal 
lie  Fm  Oburch  OailsBc.  aUnburgli.  ISia :  Free  abac* 
1  DunblMie,  IMi,  ■!  Fuocbal,  MadeHa,  IStf- 

lUt-M  ;  auUwr  of  bynmi  ud 

[TlLlJll 

BITBITB.  JOHN  (ini-18n],aotborDf  '  Piindpln  ol 
Hldwilery.'ISut:  itudled oHdlciDe at Olueow :  inrgaia^ 

aiiutouiy.  uiHl  aneiwHT'la  on  midwlfeo ;  yiat— il  of 
iunrerv  iik  Clvirow  Uuiverrdtf,  IHlfi:  drowDed  at  i^: 
anthot  ol  malldul  work..  [tU.  W] 

BVXHB,  ROBERT  im»-l7M),  pod:  KB  of  amttar 
(if.'lTtll):  boni  at  Allnwuy :  cdueatod  by  hli  faCberi 
works!  at  a  tarDi-labaunr.  1779;  rend  Uh  •  Buvnmtot,' 
Pope'B  ^  HcHw^r,'  AUiut  Homuy,  and  pedlKT'B  allp^oDBi ; 
oomposed  bialint  venw.  177A ;  lAmtflurreriDg,  lT7T,aDd 
ii  UppiiDg  Emugglun  at  Klrkuvald ;  i 


(■Kalnit  a  Tillage  gnxer-dniggiit)  and  '  Hdr  WQIMV 
Prayer'  (agtiiut  a  Uauchliue  eldB)— in  ITM  and  IIW ; 
oonoDlTed  Ebe  idea  at  am^iS  to  a  m^ailiiB  Ua  ■  BpWiB  ts 
Dayig '  (SIlUr),  ITM ;  diicDTend  that '  TtM  Tm  danli,- ■ 
aatln  agalon:  two  OalrlnlBt^  had  a  UtcIt  dmdaUv  1b 
niiiDnacrlpt;gaTe  Jgwi  Annfnir.  danshtaelit  KMKUlia 
tnuDD.  a  wriUcD  declaratton  of  manlue,  wtdsb  M 
faUiei  dextmyol,  Apn]  llfS,  preEenin^  TM  dH^lall 
lou  of  nputaUoD  to  the  prapoBd  malDhi  oMalBril 
tlie  pwt  or  ov«iHct  on  a  Jaouiiea  plantatioa,  ITH,  Hd, 
10  proiide  pasiDge-oiaUFy,  acnogtd  wlUt  Joba  WIlMb 
printer,  Kilmarnock,  lor  <ui  edition  of  hii  poesn ;  IjjiM 
vlt)i  Mary  Oampbell,  a  uUor'a  diiu-liter  tnm  Argjrtlalila, 
togawlthliimaililiwUe>17M;  ooupoaad ajtoi ber dealb, 


kBLli.  Who  Kboat  ITflfl  wmpliitiid  hli  paymmt 
Bbzbi  puline  with  tba  oonrtebt ;  mot  Jamd 
IKoiKBar  o(  tfa«  'Soota  VaiGtl  Uiuaim,-  to  tic 
■  (ITIT-lHiI)  of  whicb  ba  eontrtbatad 


■Mfc  Jan 

inr;  trsnOid  tlinnrb  (tw  ontnl  Ughlwida 

M>  Boaotln  In  BnMnbtr,  ud  Stirling. '""'- 

nl  Klmaa  in  OcMni  began  In  BiUnbi  . 

im  iMHliiiin  wUli  llnrniM  Chitman  ('  Femy ').  ud 

■Iw  wUh  _ii«iiM  M-LahoK  (■  Olulndi  1,  wbiw:  biubind 


£S^: 


ImSw'ui  taniScr  OUbcrt  ISOI.  . . 
nd  Klttiland.  m  fAna  ill  mllee  from  DtuntriB. 


Itnd  ■(  Siklud,  Jane  ITH  to  Dnsnlnl  IB  I . 


Hum;  c  17St':  gin  up  ElLudind  and  Kttlol  In  Duui- 
kW,  DKBDber  ir»l.  u  eiciwmiii  on  ■  nlarr  of  rw. : 
MfiBtid  bj  Itae  fovtfriDMnt  on  account  of  Ibcr  Jacotalta 
■liMDt  <tf  tdi  nnsi  imd  tiU  bmnnn'i  fympatbj  witb 
AchvdidciaocnGT,  floidag  wlUdo  ou  ace  ol  dkunLoftl, 
Kaibcr  ITM;  stadlj  ncapted  u  InTltiUon  bj  (Hn^ 
nan,  Una  praJKtlug  ■  new  caUnUai  of  BootUih 
mil,  W  npidr  woidi  hr  old  mdoliei.  17n,'geoIii  whii 
b(>[lTll)  MOR  vrtttca  for  ttab  porpCM :  bin  rennlBtian 
■nfiUai)  nod  batth  ibittend  bj  hit  inoirijitlon  with 
.... „.. ^.        ^ 


i,  WILLIAM  THALMBHP  (1H16-1WBX  II 


mVBIDK.  RDBEHT  (ncv-inei.  bnptlst;  atn 
"«  ■  Menbuit  TnjloTfl'  Sqhoql  t^  Abwdecn  Unl 
■w^:  pnacber  »nd  pq^tor  In  Lomion,  1780-lRSB 
tdrtestlangnaga;  wmtt  rtll jloa>  InuiU.    [vtl.  4S»] 

nSKA>T.  KODBIIT  (JL  \6M).  FdiUr  nl  Bir  Tlnvii 
li^^.  .^ , .  ^.^.„.       ,j..trnu*lnM 

HARItY    (ITBI-iniS],    nencrnl 


nrnrtudfpun-DlC  slur  tbelr  rout;  noiuitta 
irtial;    eODUwiklal  tbe  guania   brigade  a 

iirtwi.  KID.  [Tii.tia] 

■UUtZl    or    BintZL,    JOFTH     (.A.   IBDO),    poet 
■atkoT  of  a  dorrfptton  of  jKTnm  vra  queen's  entry  bit 


BUBBOWBS 

BUSAXLL,  LTTBLLDS  (l)»-t»IT),  i 
TTed  In  Lbc  Bengal  Brmy.  ITTU-lHSl,  riaiMv  jnwi  tw 
ink  ef  TolBotfler-piimta  lo  mijor-goncnl ;  ntumcd  (o 
ugliiid,  lull.  [>U.  Ul] 

Busbxll.  SOPHIA,  ladt  (iTtn?-i«ii)>.  diuuUrt : 

iibllKlifli  pounu  and  tmi^lH,  1773- IHUU  :  h^  Raymntid: 
lUTleL  (1)  Hr  WlUism  Burnll  [q.  v.],  1779 :  (3)  the  Sot. 
filliBm  aUj,  17B7,  [riL  «1] 

amSXLL,  Sir  WILLU.U  (lTa9-17M).  utiqusr]': 
lucatel  >t  Bt.  Jobn'i  Oollcge.  OnmbrMe* :  LL.D..  ITM : 


Dgepdene,Suu«,17B7-H;  n'ntvUwifporu.  f<ii.U 

BUBROTTOH.  OBRISTOrnBtt.    [»»  Borodoh. 

BUSROnoH,    EDWARD  I1U4-]U3>,  qiiBter; 

uunea  rrsbytflrlun  ;  joined  tbeqUAkor^lul;  tntveJ 

muiiflfr  in  ;?cot]aibd  nod  uortb  of  Epgbmd  ;  vroE«  cr 

E cached  in  Loudon  »nd  Bri 
nd.  ICAe  i  ImpTlionBd  for  re 


galnit  John  BDDTlu^  IM7 :  plealid  hM^MvitloD  with 
hllYTT  Ormnwrll.  1M7,  uid  Bichitd  OrWnWEll,  lUS !  \t 
liinkirii.  IMt :  bcggtd  Oharlea  II  to  pnUct  tba  pera- 
ul«l  quBken  in  New  England.  KGO ;  IlrilH]  BrMol, 
063 ;  died  In  Newgat«  pTlAon ;  pnbbAbad  pomphlBta. 
[tIL  MI] 
BUKEaHOK.  Bin  JAJIES  (lesi-ust),  nmnicur 
rohltccC:  educated  at  Bury  3C  Silinuiidi  aod  Oaini 
College.  Cambridge;   B.A..  1711;  teUow.  17iB:  muter, 

-iialro  bedell.  1797  :  loilehteiL.  ITU  :  moioltiri 

I  oil  moa  Cambridge  bulldiogi  of  bl>  dar :  an 
tbe  cluilcal  aCyle  in  ■Tchitectute.  [TIL444] 
IR     JA>[£B    <17K-lilSB),     judge; 
uTuier  oi  [ue  inner  Temple,  1T7»;  recoider  of  Porti- 

BORROUGH.  STEPHEN  (IBSS-liU).  [See  BonmrOH.] 
BURRO  UOB.  WILLIAM  (113G-1SW).  [SeeBoRonoR.] 
BORSOUSBBB     or    BOBROUOHa, 


BURROW,  EDWARD  JOHK  (17U-IH1>.  mlKclla- 
neniui  writir ;  U.A.  Uagdaleiio  Collqns.  Oamhrldgs,  1808 ; 
D.D.  Trinity  CoUeiei  Oilord.  IMO ;  InaunibenC  of  Bemp- 
ton.  Yorbhire.  191(l-lfl,  and  of  Bampitnul  cU»pal-i>f-«a«, 
IS1S-2S:  Divil  chaplain  at  OibratCar.  IHM:  ■nbdcaoon 
of  Olbraltar,  IB49;  mided  Intterlj  In  DoTonnliIre:  pub- 

Uarbldj.'  Iltl7  and  lB37),and  IbralogT.  [tU.  M7] 

BURROW.  Sir  .TAMF.":  Illnl-ITBT),  edllor  of  law 

reporU.  iris-KI ;  master  of  llic  rrau-n  office :  bamner  of 

Uu!lniier  Temple.  17JIH  kniirl.U'l.  ins.  [vlL  (Ml 

BURROW.    REDBEK   {1747-WS9).    mithematlcian : 

a  umaU  fanner's  »n:  rinlt  and.  subne^uenUy,  usbm  In 


-n-lft,0 


?ii'r?c,:,^''n 


BURROWSS,  JOHN  PRECKLETON  (lTaT-ia(»|, 
composer;  ottniiiiit  of  St,  Jamn's, Piccadilly ;  publlfbol 
teit-bookfl  on  miuic.  (•11.  «»] 

BtlBKaWZS.  PETEH  (ITM-IMI),  Irlsh  jmUlldan; 
educated  at  Tilult;  OoUdgB.  DubUn;  hurltui  at   tbe 


BURROWS 


m 


BtJRTOlf 


Middle  Temple,  1785 :  MJ*.  for  Bnniscorthy  In  the  Irish 
parliament:  oppoeed  the  anion:  counsel  for  Robert 
Emmet,  1808 ;  judge  of  inaolyent  debtors*  court,  1821. 

[vii.  460] 
BTTBROWB.  Sir  GBORGB,  first  baronet<1801-1887), 
physician ;  stadied  at  St.  Bartholomew's  Hospital ;  B.A. 
Cains  Ckille^ce,  Gambridge,  1826 :  M.D.,  1831 :  D-CLmISTS  : 
junior  fellow  and  mathematical  lecturer,  1826-36 :  stadied 
medicine  on  continent :  lecturer  on  medical  jurisprudence 
at  St.  Bartholomew's,  1834 ;  lecturer  on  medicine,  1841 ; 
physldau,  1S41-63 ;  F.R.O.P.,  1882,  and  president,  1871- 
1876:  F.BJa^  1R46:  LL.IX  CJambrldge,  1881;  pb7i>ician 
in  ordinary  to  Queen  Victoria,  1878;  created  baronet, 
1874 ;  honorary  fellow  of  Oaius  Oolle^e,  1880 ;  published 
medical  Mrritlugs.  [SuppL  L  346] 

BTnUEtOWS,  GEORGB  MAN  (1771-1846),  physician ; 
stadied  medicine  aud  practised  in  London :  kept  a  private 
asylum  after  1816 ;  M.D.  St.  Andrews,  1824 ;  agitated  for 
improving  medical  education ;  wrote  on  insanity. 

rviL460] 

BintROWS,  Sm  JOHN  OORDY  (1818-1876),  sur- 
geon ;  apprenticed  In  Suffolk ;  stadied  in  London  ;  prac- 
tised In  Brighton,  1837 :  knighted,  1873  ;  promoteil  public 
improvements  in  Brighton.  [viL  461] 

BTTSSGOirOH,  ROBERT  (1661-1709).  divine:  M.A. 
Queen's  OoUoge.  Oxford,  1682:  prebendary  of  Exeter, 
1701:  archdeacon  of  Barnstaple,  1703;  author  of  works 
of  controversial  divinity.  [viL  461] 

BTTEIT,  ALBTN  R.  (d.  1842),  engraver  and  portodt- 
pahiter :  exhibited  at  the  Royal  Academy,  1880.  [vU.  462] 

B17KT,  EDWARD  (d.  1766X  author  of  *  Letters  from 
a  Gentleman  In  the  North  of  Scotland '  (printed,  1764) ; 
employed  by  General  Wade  In  Scotland,  1724-8. 

[ViL  462] 

BITBT,  WILLIAM (1778-1826),  misoellaneoas  writer: 
educAtnl  at  Exeter :  solicitor's  apprentice  at  Bridgwater : 
solicitor  and  journalist  at  Plymouth :  wrote  on  various 
topics,  Including  banking  and  politics.  [viL  462] 

BVBTH0G6E,  RIOHARD  (1638  7-1694?),  theolo- 
gian  :  educated  at  Exeter  grammar  school :  B.A.  Oxfonl, 
1658;  M.D.  Leyden,  1662;  practised  medicine  at  Bow- 
den  ;  publtshod  phllosophlotl  and  theological  treatises,  in 
one  of  which  he  anticipated  Hamilton's  doctrine  of  the 
*  relativity  of  knowledge.'  [viL  463] 

BUBTOir,  first  Baron  (d,  1748).  [See  Paoet, 
Hknry.] 

BITBTOir,  OASSIBBLAN  (1609-1682),  translator: 
only  son  of  WUliam  Barton  (1676-1646)  [q.  v.] ;  translated 
Martial  (not  pnbli^tbed):  gave  his  father's  collections 
to  Walter  Chetwynd  [q.  v.]  [vUL  1] 

BITBTOK,  OATHARINE  (1668-1714),  (Carmelite  nun 
at  Antwerp,  1694.  [vllL  1] 

BITBTOK,  OHARLBS  (1793-1866),  theologian :  eda- 
cateii  at  Glasgow  and  St.  J<^n's  College,  Cambridge: 
LL.B.,  1822;  D.C.L.  Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  1829; 
ori^nally  Wesleyan  minister ;  rector  of  All  Saints',  Man- 
chester (built  by  himMlf),  1820 :  published  hymns,  poems, 
sermons,  and  controversial  tracts.  [viiL  1] 

BITBTOir,  CHARLES  EDWARD  (1846-1882),  astro- 
nomer ;  B.A.  Dublin  :  asKlKtant  In  Lonl  Reese's  obser- 
vatory, 1H68:  observed  the  eclipse  in  Sicily,  1870,  the 
transit  of  Venus  at  Rodrlgnes,  1874,  and  the  opposition  of 
Mars,  near  Dublin,  1879 ;  wrote  astronomical  papers. 

[ViiL  2] 

BITBTOir,  DECIMUS  (1800-1881),  architect ;  designed 
Homer'd  Colosseum,  1823 ;  laid  out  Hyde  Park,  1826 ; 
architect  of  a  building  estate  at  Tunbridge  Wells,  1828- 
1848 :  designed  many  country  bouses ;  travelled  in  Italy, 
Greece,  and  North  America.  [viil.  3] 

BITBTOW,  EDWARD  (1684  ?-1624'0.  [6e«  Catcher, 
Edward.] 

BITBTOK,  EDWARD  (1794-1836),  theologian  ;  edu- 
cated at  Westminster  :  student  of  Christ  Church,  Oxford, 
1813 ;  M.A.,  1818  ;  trarelled  ;  Bampton  lecturer,  1828 ; 
regiua  professor  of  divinity,  Oxford,  182l)-3ti ;  D.D.,  1829 ; 
wrote  classical  and  theological  works.  [viil.  4] 

BITBTOir,  Sir  FREDERIC  WILLIAM  (1816-1900), 
painter  In  water-colours,  and  director  of  National  Portrait 
Gallery ;  member  of  Royal  Hibernian  Academy.  1889 ; 


practised  with  success  as  portrait>painter  in  DabUn; 
lived  in  Munich,  1861-8,  and  studied  German  masten; 
member  of '  Old '  (now  Royal)  Water-Odour  Society,  18M  : 
FJ3.A.,  1863 ;  director  of  National  Gallery,  Landon,  1874- 
1894 ;  LL.D.  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  1896.  A  portrait  bf 
him  of  '  George  Kliot'  is  In  the  National  Portrait  GaUfliy. 
Among  his  best  pictures  are  'Peasantry  of  Vraooonia 
waiting  for  (Tonfeseiou,*  and  *  The  Meeting  on  the  Tarrok 
Stairs.*  [SappL  L  846] 

BITBTOir,  GEORGE  (1717-1791),  ohroootoffor :  wA- 
Ushed  treatises  on  biblical  chronology,  1766-87;  M^ 
Cambridge,  1740 ;  rector  of  Elveden,  17^,  and  of  Herlnn- 
well,  Suffolk,  1761.  [vliL  ^J 

BITBTOir,  HENRY  (1678-1648),  Independent ;  M^ 
St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  1602  ;  tutor  to  Sir  Robert 
Carey's  sons';  clerk  of  the  closet  to  Prince  Henry,  and  to 
Prince  Charles,  1612-26  ;  offended  Charles  I  by  aocoiiiiy 
Laud  of  popery,  April  1626 ;  rector  of  St.  Hattbew'k, 
Friday  Street,  1626 ;  prosecuted  for  attacks  on  the  biahopi, 
1627;  imprisoned,  1629;  tried  in  the  Star-chamber  far 
*  seditious '  preaching,  and  sentenced  to  deprivation,  dep»- 
datlon,  fine,  pillory,  loss  of  ears,  and  perpetaal  imprisan- 
ment,  1636  ;  his  removal  to  Lancaster  Castle  witnesaed  bj 
sympathetic  crowds,  1636 ;  removed  to  Castle  Oonet, 
Guernsey,  1686 :  freed  by  parliament,  November  1640 ;  nude 
a  triumphal  progress  from  Dartmouth  to  London;  his 
sentence  reversed,  1641 ;  minlBtered  to  an  independent 
congregation  in  St.  Matthew's,  Friday  Street,  1642 ;  Toea- 
day  lecturer  at  St.  Mary's,  Aldermanbnry,  tiU  1646 ;  wrole 
polemical  tracts.  [viU.  i] 

BITBTOir,  HEZEKIAH  (<f.  1681),  divine :  fdlow  of 
Magdalene  College,  Cambridge,  1661 ;  B.D.,  1661 ;  IXDi, 
1669 ;  prebendary  of  Norwich,  1667 ;  rector  of  St.  GeorgeV, 
Southwark,  1668,  and  of  Barnes,  Surrey,  1680 ;  bis  ■ermom 
published  posthumously.  [TiiL  7] 

BITBTOK,  ISABEL,  Ladt  (1831-1896),  wife  of  Sir 
Richard  Francis  Burton  [q.  v.],  whom  she  married,  1861 ; 
daughter  of  Henry  Raymond  Arundell ;  shared,  as  far  « 
possible,  her  hunband's  life  In  travel  and  literature,  and 
after  ills  death  prepared  his  biography  and  a  meouuisl 
eiliUon  of  his  works ;  published  '  Inner  Life  of  Syria* 
(1876)  and '  Arabia,  Egypt,  and  India,'  1879. 

[Sappl.  L  848] 

BITBTOK,  JAMES  (1788-1862).  [See  Haubcrtox, 
Jambb.] 

BITBTOK,  JAMES  DANIEL  (1784-1817),  metbodlrt; 
itinerant  preacher,  1806,  chiefly  in  Lancashire ;  published 
a  devotional  tract.  [viiL  8] 

BITBTOK,  JOHN  (1696-1771),  classical  scholar ;  scholar 
of  Corpus  Christi  College,  Oxford,  1713,  tutor,  1717,  fellow, 
1721  ;  M.A.,  1721 ;  D.D.,  1762  ;  feUowof  Eton,  1733 ;  vicar 
of  Mapledurham,  Oxfordshire,  1784-66;  rector  of  Wor> 
plesdon,  Surrey,  1766-71 ;  vmie  tracts,  sermons,  Latin 
verses,  and  Gredc  text-books.  [viiL  8] 

BITBTOir,  JOHN  (1710-1771),  antiqaary;  «rtii- 
cated  at  Merchant  Taylors'  School  and  St.  John's  Ool> 
lege,  Cambridge ;  M.B.,  1738 ;  studied  medicine  at  Leyden ; 
M.D.  Rlielms ;  practised  medicine  In  York ;  wrote  on 
mtdyrlfery  and  on  the  antiquities  of  Yorkshire.  [vilL  10] 

BITBTOK,  JOHN  HILL  (1809-1881),  Scottish  his- 
torian ;  educated  at  Aberdeen ;  articled  to  a  solicitor ; 
read  for  the  bar  in  Edinburgh :  advocato,  but  had  littic 
practice :  wrote  much  for  Edinburgh  boolowUeni,  reviews, 
and  newspapers ;  made  his  mark  by  a  life  of  David 
Hume,  1846 ;  secretary  to  the  prison  boanl,  1864-81 ; 
pablished '  History  of  ScoUand,'  1863,  *  The  Bookhanter,' 
1860,  *  The  Scot  Abroad,'  1864,  and  many  other  treatiaei 
and  editions,  chiefly  historloaL  [viiL  10] 

BITBTOir,  Sir  RIOHARD  FRANCIS  (1821-1890\ 
explorer  and  scholar :  taken  abroad  at  an  early  age  by  hv 
parents;  matriculated  at  Trinity  (College,  Oxford,  1840L 
but  did  not  graduate ;  cadet  in  Indian  army,  1842 :  ensign 
18th  regiment  Bombay  native  infantry,  1842 ;  oapitain : 
studied  oriental  languages;  assistant  In  Sind  survey; 
lived  a  wandering  life  among  natives  and  gained  intimate 
knowledge  of  Muliammadan  manners  and  customs;  le- 
tumei  to  England,  1849 ;  published  three  philologioal  worki 
relating  to  Asiatic  languages,  1849,  and  other  volumes  on 
India,  1861-3 ;  made  pilgrimage  to  Mecca,  adopting  variow 
disguises  and  assuming  name  of  Al-Haj  (the  pilgrim) 
Abdullah.  1863,  and  published  '  Personal  NarratiTe,'  1811 ; 


BURTON 


177 


BUSBY 


opkMvl  SonudllMid,  1M4  ;  senred  in  Crimea,  1855  :  went 
OB  cxpeditMm  trith  Speke,  as  aeoond  in  oonunand,  to  die- 
QOfrer  fooroea  of  Nile,  1856-9 ;  reached  Lalce  Tanganyikn, 
IttSCSpdbe,  on  the  retom  journey,  left  the  party  and  alone 
JkaoffaH  Victoria  Nyanxa) ;  travelleii  in  NorUi  America, 
IMO;  mantel  Lmbrt  Amndell  [see  Burton,  Isabgu 
Lij>t3>  IMl :  British  oonsol  at  Fernando  Po,  IH61-5,  and 
it  aMi*4ia,  19Sft-9,  daring  both  of  which  periods  he  made 
Buneraat  joaroeyB  of  discovery ;  consnl  at  Damascus, 
lMO-71 :  oooaal  at  Trieste  (1873),  whence  he  made  many 
tooiB  ialD  Bci^boaring  onexplored  territoriei ;  went  to 
the  0«ld  OtmA  for  gold  in  ccnnpany  with  Cteptaln  Yeruey 
hanU  OuDeron  [q.  v.],  1881-S ;  nominatol  K.O.M.G., 
im :  ia  bis  later  years  deroted  himself  to  literature, 
pohtiffhfaig  trazMlatioos  of  Oamoens,  1880  and  1884, '  Book 
of  the  Sword,*  1884,  and  complete  translation  of  '  The 
AxatinD  Kighta,*  1885-«.  His  translations  of  the  *  Penta- 
o(    Bacile  and  of   *C3atallufl*  appeared   post- 

[SuppL  L  849] 


,  ROBERT  (1577-1640),  author  of  the « Ana- 

of  Mdaocholy,*  1681 :  oaUed  ^Denncritas  Junior' : 

filnratwl  at  Knneatoo  and  Sntton  Ck>ldfleld  schools :  entered 

"nrwrnnm  OoOege,  Oxford,  159S :  student  of  Christ  Church, 

isn ;  BJK,  1614 :  Ticar  of  St.  Thomas's,  Oxford,  1616,  and 

netor  of  Segimre,  Leksestershire,  1680-40.  [viii.  IS] 

IVITOV,  ROBERT  or  RICHARD  O^SS  ?-1785  ?), 
icpitcd  to  be  a  miaodlaneooB  writer.  [See  Crouch, 
Satiactl.] 

lUBTOV,  SIMON  O^M  ?-1744>,  physidan :  educated 
it  Sagby  and  New  OoUege,  Oxford :  M.D.,  17S0 :  began 
pneOoe  ai  Warwick :  removed  to  Savlle  Row,  London, 
im  [viiL  18] 

lURTOV.  THOMAS  (Jl.  1656-1659),  diarist :  M.r.  for 
Wotencland,  1656  *.  reputed  author  of  a  diary  (printed, 
Unx  containing  reports  of  proceedings  In  paruameut, 
S  Dec.  1C56-SS  AprU  1659.  [viU.  17] 

lUBTOV,  WILLIAM  (<f.  1616),  puritan  ;  edn- 
oM  at  Winchester;  fellow  of  New  College,  Oxford, 
UO-I ;  B.A^  1565 :  perhaps  usher  in  Norwich  school, 
1171 :  minister  in  Norwich,  1584  ?-9 :  received  into  houee- 
hoidof  Thomas,  banm  Wentworth  :  preached  in  Bristol, 
INO :  vicar  of  St.  Giles's,  Reading,  1591 ;  resided  in  Lon- 
don (ram  about  1608 :  poblisbed  catechism  and  sermons  ; 
tnnlated  seven  diaiogam  of  Brasmns,  1606.      [viii.  17] 

SUETOV,  WILLIAM  (1575-1645X  antiquary  :  B.A. 
Ikismosu  College,  Oxfozd,  1594 ;  barrister  of  the  Inner 
Iteple,  1606 ;  retired  to  his  estate  at  Falde,  StalTord- 
drire;  poblisbed  his  *  Description  of  Leicestershire,' 
ICtt :  finished  revisiaD  of  it^  16S8 ;  gave  John  Leland's 
Bsnncripts  to  the  Bodleian,  1681.  [vUi.  18] 

IVSTOV,  WILLIAM  (1609-1657),  author  of  'A 
OanoBoitary  oo  Antoninus  his  Itinerary  .  .  .  (for) 
Britsin,'  1658 ;  educated  at  St  Paul's  School,  London : 
Bemba  of  Omen's  College,  and  Gloucester  Hall,  Oxford ; 
B.(IL.,  1610 :  usher  in  Thomas  Famaby's  Rchool : 
master  of  Kingston-on-Thames  school ;  published  Latin 
ontuos  sad  ^aoslatioas  from  Latin.  [viii.  19] 

IVRTOy,  WILLIAM  BYANS  (1809-1860),  actor 
aoddnaatist;  educated  at  St.  Paul's  School,  London: 
vent  €D  tht  provincial  stage,  1823:  first  acted  in 
LoodoQ,  1851 :  went  to  the  United  States,  1834 ;  managed 
Sttioul  and  Burton's  theatres.  New  York,  1841-58: 
*iumr^  bead  of  a  travdUng  company ;  wrote  plays, 
^omoroas  books,  and  magaiine  articles.  [viii.  90] 

I1J1T0V,  WILLIAM  PATON  (1898-1883),  land- 
«^pr  painter  in  water-ooloors ;  educated  at  Edinburgh : 
abbited  in  London,  1869-80.  [viii.  21] 

BUBTT.  JOSEPH  (1818-1876),  arobssologist :  em- 
piojned  in  fiakndaring  records  at  Westminster  chapter- 
rate,  1839 :  assistant-keeper  of  the  Record  Office,  1859- 
1^6:  arranged  muniments  at  Westminater  Abbey  and 
UacalB  Cathedral ;  wrote  archsBOlogioal  papers. 

[viiL21] 

BUET.  VnoouvT  (1832-1894).  [See  Ejcppei^ 
WajiAM  OocTES,  seventh  Babl  or  Albbmarlb.] 

IVBT,  ARTHUR  (1694-1713),  tbeologUn :  son  of 
kka  Bmy  (1560-1667)  [q.  v.] :  entered  Bxeter  College, 
Ozfart,  1699:  fellow,  164S  (ejected,  1648;  zwtored. 
1419) :  eanoo  of  Bzeter,  1661 :  rsoUR'  of  Exeter  College, 
MI6-4H^  czpeUad  by  tbs  visitor  for  disobedience :  his 


expulsion  confirmed  by  the  Hoofle  of  Lonls,  1694  :  D.D.. 
1666  :  part  vicar  of  Bampton,  Oxfordshire,  1671-1707 :  pub- 
lished *  The  Nakod  Goi>pol,'  1690,  an  attempt  to  set  aside 
later  dogmatic  accrc>tions;  his  book  burnt  by  Oxfoxd 
University,  1690;  publishod  other  thculogical  treatises, 
and  sermons.  [viii.  31] 

BURY,  Lady  CHARLOTTE  SU.SAN  MARIA 
(1775-1861),  novelist :  youngest  daughter  of  the  fifth 
Duke  of  Argyll ;  married  (1)  in  1796,  Colonel  John 
Campbell  (d.  1809);  (2)  in  1818,  Rev.  Edwaid  John 
Bury  (d.  1832)  ;  lady-in-waiting  to  Caroline,  princess  of 
Wales,  1809 :  published  numerous  novels,  1826-64, 
poems,  and  a  *  Diary  Illustrative  of  the  Times  of 
George  IV,'  1838.  [viii.  22] 

BURT,  EDWARD  (1616-1700),  nonconformist ;  a 
presbjrterian  minister  ;  intruded  rector  of  Great  Bolas, 
Shropshire,  before  1664 ;  ejected,  1662 :  resided  at  Great 
Bolas  till  1680 ;  suffered  for  nonconformity,  1681,  and  for 
a  time  moved  from  place  to  place ;  became  blind :  pub- 
lished devotional  tracts.  [viii.  23] 

BURY,  EDWARD  (1794-1858),  engineer;  at  one 
time  manufacturing  engineer  at  Liverpool :  constructed 
railway  engines,  1830,  and  steamship  engines,  1840 : 
manager  of  rolling  stock  of  London  and  Birmingham 
railway,  1838,  and  of  Great  Northern  railvt'ay.  [viii.  24] 

BURY,  Mrs.  ELIZABETH  (1644-1720),  uouconfor- 
mist :  ne£  Lawrence  ;  married  (1)  in  1667,  Griffith  Lloyd 
(d.  1682) ;  (2)  in  1697,  Samuel  Bury  [q.  v.]  ;  wrote » Diarj-,' 
beginning  1664.  [viiL  94] 

BURY.  HENRY  de  (Jl.  1380).    [See  Brdbuic] 
BURY,  JOHN  OF  (Jl,  1460).    [See  John.] 

BURY,  JOHN  (Jl.  1557),  transUtor ;  M.A.  Cam- 
bridge, 1555  ;  publlsbad  a  translation  from  Isooratcs,  1657. 

[viii.  26] 

BURY  or  BERRY,  JOHN  (1684M667),  divine; 
scholar  of  Corpus  Christi  College,  Oxford,  1697;  Blun- 
dell  fellow  of  Balliol  CoUege,  1603;  M.A.,  1605; 
vicar  of  Heavitree,  Devonshire,  1626,  and  rector  of  Wid- 
worthy  ;  canon  of  Exeter,  1 627  :  rector  of  St.  Mary  Major, 
Bxeter,  1662-7  ;  published  sermons.  [viiL  25] 

BURY,  RICHARD  DB  (1281-1345),  bishop  of 
Durham,  patron  of  learning  and  oollector  of  books ; 
named  frcfm  his  birthplace.  Bury  St.  Edmunds  :  sou  of 
Sir  Richard  AungenriUe ;  studied  at  Oxford  ;  entered 
Benedictine  monastery  at  Durham  ;  tutor  to  Edward  III 
when  Prince  of  Wales  :  treasurer  of  Guienne  :  of  the  house- 
hold of  Edward  III ;  dean  of  Wells,  1333 ;  bishop  of  Dur- 
ham, 1833  ;  lord  chancellor,  September  1334  to  July  1335 : 
lord  high  treasurer,  1337  ;  employed  by  Edward  III  in 
Paris,  Haiuault,  Germany,  1336,  oimI  in  Scotland,  1337  and 
1342 :  founded  a  library  in  Durham  College,  Oxford ;  wrote 
'Philobiblon'  (first  printed,  1478).  [viii.  26] 

BURY,  SAMUEL  (1663-1730),  presbyterian  :  son  of 
Edward  Bury  (1616-1700)  [q.  v.]  :  studied  at  Doollttle's 
academy,  Islington ;  pres^byteriau  minister  at  Bury  St. 
Edmunds  from  before  1G89  to  1719  ;  minister  at  Bristol, 
1720-30 ;  published  sermons  and  hymns.  [viii  27] 

BURY,  THOMAS  (1655-1722),  judge:  B.A.  Lincoln 
CoUege,  Oxford,  1668;  barrister  of  (Cray's  Inn.  1676; 
serjoRut-at-law,  17U0 :  baron  of  the  exchequer,  1701,  and 
chief  baron,  1716-22.  [viiL  28] 

BURY.  THOMAS  TALBOT  (1811-1877),  architfiot; 
pupil  of  Augustus  Pugin,  1824;  started  business,  1H30: 
exhibited  at  the  Acailemy,  1846-72 ;  designed  many 
churches  and  schools :  wrote  on  architectural  subjects. 

[viii.  29] 

BUSBY,  RICHARD  (1606-1696),  bea.l-mast^'r  of 
Westminster  School :  educated  at  Westmiuetor  :  student 
of  Christ  Church,  Oxford,  1624  ;  M.A.,  1631  :  D.D.,  1660  : 
head-master  of  Westminster,  1638-95  ;  rector  of  Cudworth, 
Somerset,  1639  (ejected,  c.  1648) ;  prebendary  of  West- 
minster and  canon  of  Wells,  1660  :  a  famous  schoolmaster 
and  a  zealous  churchman  ;  published  clasyioal  school- 
books,  [viii.  29] 

BUSBY,  THOMAS  (1765-1838).  composer:  taught 
by  various  masters  in  Loudon  ;  sang  at  Yauxhall,  1 769  : 
articled  to  Battishill,  1777 :  journalist  and  parliamen- 
tary reporter  ;  organist  at  St.  Mary's,  Newington,  1786  ; 
taught  music  and  French ;  joint-editor  of  a  *  Musical 

N 


inurlo.  'Tbe  i'ropbicj,'  17W;  Ugi.  Doc  Ouubridge, 
901 :  onnpoAel  Toos]a  tor  iCaafi  ;  publisbod  treaUav  on 
nuilclfabjortt  [tilUai] 

BCBH,  PAUL  (UBO-IMS).   Bnl  bUbon  of  Brtalol: 
3.A.  Oifurd.  Kia ;  Bfumrdi  DJ>. :  ■  BonLomiiH  trtmr : 


STi 


Bditol,  1H9 :  mliiHd 
muTUfn  1  rHbor  of  Wltite 
B :  pabliibeil  ilerotboal  tn 


BDSKX,    I 
uil«e ;  eiitcnd  THnlty  Collce?,  Dublin,  I: 

iUbd  In  tbc  triali  j:  -" 


BtMarj  Hull,' 

Of  LanQLiUr.  iaH3-4 :  publL'liel  f? mioiu,  [.rui,  asj 

BUBHZLL.  THOMAS  (ttM-l«74),  tpecnlntor  mil 
mlnliig  Biii[lo«r ;  fMC  to  Fnnnli  Bioan,  Tho  tuRtat 
blm  vhKt  wu  tben  known  of  minenilOBT ;  wU-bcorvr  to 
Bhud  :  I>t  bU  in  Uie  IrOc  or  WLght  tor  r  ' ' 


Ludb] 


hcOilf  of  »■!!.  Ute-»;  li 
Ini  nt  BnatoDe,  Oiford,  Tliit^  t 
tie  qoaa,  IU6  ;  finnol  i^^\  m" 


mlTo 


(t  Uifoid,  IHt :  keld  Landy  for 
«n  llnd  In  eoocailnimt;  nve 


BUBHZX,  LEON-AI 


[vlU.  SB] 
D  l/.  1614).  pLoilew  o(  reUmou. 
ajivnwwi;  uuruiurrwi  DnWUlUt  COIVK^t^Oll  ot  TIlOaiM 

Fdwys  [i).T.]:  pjbllsbed  '  RdigkHu  Pecw.'  leii.  pro- 
bably Ilio  mrli«t  puliUtsUon  in  wblob  Ubertj  of  oon. 
EClGiioe  \i  openly  adiocaleL  [SoppL  L  US] 

BUBKMUr,     TORS     BTKVBNBON     (1808  7-1684), 
wrltor  an  mEdksl^MbJHit* :  U.p.  Hddelbcr^ :  qnilinid 

IBUBlouLT  of  tbe  ObMlerliouw.  "  [tllL  37] 

SITHHItEU.,  Unfl.  GATRBK1N£  (IBU-IHI).     [» 


entered  Trinity  Oolite.  Dub 
Hidlntnnr:  DJ)..  1MB;  pm 

DiDiKy.  OoVk,  ISM-M  ;  biiiiop 
■ermoniiuid  cbnrge*. 
SmB,  Child  Barl  di 

BDTB.  tblid  Minemfl  i 


[tUL**] 
g;fi),  blibop  of  Until : 
18t»:  fellow,  IU7-tl, 
ir  of  corlEsigaClcil  Ui- 

Inth,  IBM ;  p< 

[Tt 

i;es).     [Bee  I 

I  (1847-lOOtt).      Ce«  »TtrtIIT. 


IK.] 

BTHLEK,  ALBAH  (1711-177t).  bulo^npMr:  ant 
pllf  r  of '  Tbe  Ufa  of  the . . .  Prtndpri  Wnt»,*  m»-« ;  idn- 
cuCal  nt  Dooiv  \  protQaor  of  ptaHowplij  ud  dlTlDllr  nt 
Doom  ;  onUiaal  prla^  ITU ;  nnt  Into  EnEluid.'IfM ; 
rhiplian  to  tbe  Doke  of  Norfolk,  ud  tutor  to  hii  iMr 
td.Via):  piwiOmtof  ths  Bn^db  Onllqie  nl  BLOmer, 
176S-73;  publlAbed also  trmvelB, iflrmonii, uid Ufismniitas. 
[tUL  11] 

BVTLBR.  OHAItLES  (d.  1547),  inUior  of  >  Tbe  Vaai- 
Dbm  Uoniirdile,  or  >  TraOae  OHKeming  Beet,'  llOS: 
cbortaler  of  Mwd*!ra  OoUBge.  O.fonl,  lt;»-M:  M^ 
ids;;  iuiiHl«rDlbasUimlolnHhool.aiidreDtorotlIntd;- 
_  _         .. ■  Wooti™  St  Lnw- 


aintty  ui 


wfar 


r:pni 


!»a»n™iing  BpeUlnB-iTfon 


ji  Lonilon,  1789  ;  cnl 
mnvcjjuicrr.  177e-l 
vl  of  penal  Ibw«,  1 ' 


Ttcsl,  blognpbioil.  uid  tbeoloe^al  worln.         [tUL  41] 

BOTLXS,  KDMDND(<f.lUI),uvbbleboporOMdHl; 
Etodlsl  It  DifDni  ;  prior  of  cuioni  rcgnlir  at  Mhiirill. 
Tlpperary ;  archbbibop  of  Oiuhel.  Ifilt? ;  lield  eynod  at 
LinwriflL,  liM ;  inrrEDdciBd  Atlisrad  Abbef  to  tbe 
crown,  lt)7  :  preaont  In  parUameiit  hc  Dublin,  IMl :  aw 
of  tlK  kinit'i  omnmlmlontrs  U  Lioierlck,  UIO. 

[TiiL4n 

BUTLKX,  SiH  EDWAKD  OBRARD  tl770-lSM>, 
__,..__.  .. ..     -■      -,r^l7BS;  tollglrtrt 

—"A  fn  ttw  W«» 
nujor-gawnl, 

(Tin.  4^1 
isny,  mion; 


Mjwr^ ; 


MSoe,  and  at  t)u!  La  Flalk.  in 
BUTLBB,  BLEANOR,  LiDT  (1741 


[.11L48] 


ol  Sidney  Guiki  Oallwr.    ( 
kr.imi  HJU,  1717:  dJ.,  le 


BXTTLER 


179 


BUTIjER 


Barrow,  lflOi-S9 :  recstor  of  Gayton,  Northamptonihire, 
1814 ;  chaDOcOor  of  Fcterboroogh,  1886 ;  dean  of  Poter- 
bwoogb,  184S ;  pabUshed  ■ermons  and  Harrow  notes. 

[▼iiL  49] 
BVTLnL,  QBOROE  (181»-18M),  canon  of  Winchester : 
■on  of  Oaotfe  Batler  [q.  ▼.]  ;  edooated  at  Harrow,  Trinity 
CollBce,OKBBbiidge,  and  Rxeter  GoUege,  Oxford :  Petrean 
feUov,  1841;  UJl^  1846;  tator  at  Durham  UniTervity, 
1848;  euMMBar  at  Oxfoxd,  1860-S:  oarate,  1864;  prin- 
opal  of  Battat^  Hall,  Oxford,  18M-8:  vioe-principia  of 
~   '  _      1857-66;    principal   of   LiTcrpool 

canon  of  Winafaester,  188S :  pabUshed 
oUier  writings.  [SappL  i.  S68] 


I 


QBORQB  8LADB  (18S1-1883).  writer  on 
aottqailte  of  riiipn  i  ;  solicitor,  1848 ;  town  clerk  of  Rye, 
FJB.A^  188«.  [TilL  60J 


JAJCBS,  aeoond  Earl  of  Ormo.hpk  (1881- 
unx  fltyiad  *  the  noble  earl '  in  virtue  of  bis  being  son 
•f  a  fiaaddaiufatir  of  Bdwazd  I ;  saoceeded  to  earldom, 
1418 :  afaTOOi^te  with  Edward  III  and  Richard  II ;  lord 
iiMhif  of  Irelaod,  A.piil  1369,  and  a^aln,  March  1360 ; 
IhIA  *"^t— *m"<  lander  the  Doke  of  Glareiice  in  the  war, 
l»l-« :  loid  dspotj,  1364 ;  k»d  justioe,  1876-A. 

[viii.  60] 
BQTIJiB,  JAICSS,  fourth  Eabl  of  Obmondk  (d. 
1418).  stv&ed  *  the  white  earl  * ;  snoeeoded,  1406  ;  lord 
^paty  ot  Ireland,  1407 ;  went  with  Thomas  of  Lancaster 
to  FimncB,  1413 ;  aerred  in  Henry  Vs  French  wars ;  lord- 
tacntaDant  of  Ireland,  14S0;  made  war  on  tlie  O'Mores 
143S:  lofd-lieotesiant,  1414:  lord  jostioe,  1436;  lord 
depa^,  1440 :  loid-lieatenant,  1443-6.  [yiii.  60] 


J A3fES,  fifth  Earl  of  Ormondk  and  Earl 

OF  WiLWHiBX  (14S&-1461X  eldest  son  of  James  Batler, 

foorth  earl  [q.  t.]  ;  attended  Richard,  doke  of  York,  to 

Tnaoe,  1439 :  a  aeakma  Lancastrian ;  created  Earl  of 

WiltiUrs  in  the  English  peerage,  1449  ;  lord  dq>aty  of 

Inluad,  ltfO-1 ;  saoceeded  to  the  Ormonde  peerage,  1463 ; 

loni^knfteoant,  1463-6;    made  k»d  high   treasarer   of 

bigkad,  1466 ;  foaght  at  St  Albans, »  May  1466  ;  again 

■ads  tard  high  trea«arer.  1468 ;  ILQ.,  1469  ;  foaght  at 

WskaOdd,  December  1460,  Mortimer's  Oroas,  February 

I4n,  Towton,  3fareh  1481 ;  beheaded  at  NewcaBUe<m. 

T^ :  attainted  and  his  estates  forfeited.         [tUL  61] 

imXB,  JAMES  (<f.  1646),  created  Yiftconvr 
Tsnuai,  1618 ;  restored  as  ninth  Earl  of  Ormonde, 
IMI ;  poiaooed  in  London,  1646.  [viiL  73] 

miXB,  JAMES  (/.  1681-1634X  Irishman  in  the 
npalalist  serrice ;  raised  regiment  in  Poland,  called  *  the 
bU  rqrtmait,*  from  its  oflloerB ;  broaght  this  regiment 
to  Frankfort-on-Oder  to  reinforce  Tiefenbach  In  spring 
>f  lOl :  sent  to  TlUy  to  ask  farther  help ;  present  at  the 
rtanung  of  Magddiarg,  SO  May  1631 ;  defeatel  the  Saxons 
tt  Xlmlnrg-oo-EIbe,  Norember  1631 ;  fought  in  the  Polish 
VTiee  against  Bassla,  1633-4.  [riU.  61] 


JAMBS,  twelfth  Earl  and  first  Dukr  or 

OuojDi  (1610-1688X  «on  of  Thomas,  Tisoonnt  Thnrles 

<^  ISII):  grandson  of  Walter  BaUer,  eleventh  earl  of 

(frwaoOe  [q.  v.] ;   styled  Viscoant  Tharles,  1610 ;  suc- 

fwkd  to  the  earldom,  1633:    created  marquis,  1642; 

croital  brl  of  Brecknock  in  the  English  peerage,  1660  : 

nested  Dofce  of   Ormonde  in  the  Irish  peerage,  1661, 

•ad  IB  the  ^urlish  peerage,  1682  ;  placed  by  his  mother 

mder  a  eitboUc  tator  at  Finchley,  1619 :   made  king's 

■sfd  and  brooght   ap   in    the    protestant  religion  at 

Uar«tb  ander  ArchUsbop  Abbot ;  entrosted  to  Richard 

hmtaa.  carl  of  Dennond,  1634-8 :  UTed  with  his  grand- 

btber  at  Drory  Laoc,  1636-7,  and  at  Oarrickfergus,  1630  ; 

•VBS  to  England,  1631  ;   retamed  to  Irdand,  1C33;  op- 

posal  WcDtwortfa   in  the   Irish  parliament,  bat  urged 

(ranting  mppUes  to  Oharles  I,  1634;   raised  troop  of 

coimsieri,  1638;    supported  Wentworth  (now  Earl  of 

Scnffeidi,  1640;  aasembkd  troops  atOarrickfergas.July 

ItiO;  defended  Strafford  in  the  Irish  parliament,  1641 ; 

^nti'iiaiiilff  against  the  Irish  rebda,  but  kept  inactive  by 

the  bfdt  jastioea,  1641 ;  defeated  rebels,  January-March 

1443;  qaieied  Coonaaght,  1643;  again  obstructed  by  the 

leris  iaKiees,  1643 ;  commissioned  by  Oharles  I  to  asorr- 

tsia  tbi  demands  of  the  Irish  rebels,  1643  ;  defeated  them 

k*.  Bam,  18  March  1648 ;   ordered  in  April  to  conclude 

voes;  WBclndad  trace  fbr  a  Jraar  in  September :  aent  five 

~  .tnopa  Into  JObeahlrc,  lHawmober '  1648 ;    lord- 


lieutenant  of  Ireland.  January  1644 :  sent  Irish  troope 
into  Scotland  to  help  Montrose:  opposed  both  by  tm 
catholic  rebels  and  by  the  protestant  parliamentarians, 
April  1644-April  1646  ;  negotiated  peace  with  the  rebels ; 
superseded  in  August  1646  by  Glamorgan  ;  arranged  terms 
of  peace  between  the  king's  forces  and  the  catholic  rebds, 
March  1646 :  asked  parliament  for  help  against  the  rebels, 
October-November  1646 :  Induced  by  tlie  rebds'  rejection 
of  his  terms  (February  1647)  to  approach  parliament, 
with  which  he  concluded  peace.  June  1647 ;  conferred 
with  Charles  I  at  Hampton  Court,  August  1617 ;  with- 
drew to  Paris,  1648 ;  royalist  commander  in  Ireland, 
October  1648 :  concluded  peace  with  rebris,  January  1649 ; 
proclaimed  Oharles  II ;  attacked  Dublin ;  defeated  at 
Rathmines,  August  1649  :  his  garrisons  crashed  by  Crom- 
well, September-December  1649 :  left  Ireland,  December 
1660 :  employed  in  personal  attendance  on  Charles  II  or 
on  embassies  in  his  interest,  1661-9 ;  royalist  spy  in 
England,  January-March  1688;  negotiated  with  Monck, 
1669 :  received  back  his  estates,  and  also  his  grandfather's 
county  paUtine  of  Tipperary:  appointed  lord  steward 
of  the  household,  1660  :  lonl  high  steward  at  the  corona- 
tion, 1661 ;  restored  the  protestant  episcopate  in  Ireland ; 
appointed  lord-lieutenant  of  Ireland,  4  Nov.  1661 ;  resided 
in  Ireland,  July  1663-June  1664 ;  in  London,  July  1664- 
May  1666 ;  again  in  Ireland,  1666-8 ;  returned  to  London, 
1668 ;  dismissed  from  the  lord-lieutenancy,  March  1669 ; 
chancellor  of  Oxford  University.  1669 ;  his  life  attempted 
by  Thomas  Blood,  1669,  at  Buckingham's  instigation; 
opposed  attempts  to  repeal  Act  of  Settlement,  1671-3  ;  in 
Ireland  on  private  affairs,  July  1671-April  1676  ;  recalled 
to  London,  1676 ;  lord-lieutenant  of  Irdand,  1677-83 ;  at 
court  in  London,  1683 ;  returned  to  Ireland,  1681 ;  removed 
from  the  lord-lieutenancy,  October  1684 ;  proclaimed 
James  II  before  he  left  Dublin,  February  1686 ;  lard  high 
steward  at  James  IPs  coronation ;  continued  to  be  lord 
steward  of  tlie  houseliold :  witlidrew,  as  much  as  he  could, 
from  public  life,  1686,  broken  by  the  deaths  d  his  wile 
and  cldldren ;  resisted  some  of  James  Il'a  arbitrary  acts, 
1687.  [viU.  68] 

BTJTLSR,  JAMES  (</.  1709),  Irishman  in  the  French 
service ;  killed  at  MalpUuiuet.  [viii.  78] 

BUTLER,  JAMES,  second  Dukk  op  Ormonde  (1666- 
1746),  eldest  sarvlving  son  of  Thomas  Butler,  earl  d 

■  Onory  [q.  v.]  ;  educated  in  France,  1676,  and  at  Oxford, 
1679 ;  resided  in  Ireland,  168U-9 ;  styled  Earl  of  Ossory, 

;  1680 ;  marriel  Lady  Anne  Hyde  {d.  1684),  1683 ;  at  the 

:  siege  of  Luxemburg,  April -June  1684 ;  served  against 
Monmouth,  1686 ;  married  Lotly  Mary  Somerset  (d.  1783), 
1685  :  succeeded  to  the  dukedom,  1688  :  elected  chancellor 
of  Oxford  University,  83  July  1688:  K.G.,  1688;  signed 
petition  for  a  free  parliament,  17  Nov.  1688:  joined  Prince 
of  Orange,  86  Nov.  1688  ;  lord  high  constable  at  coronation 
of  William  and  Mary,  1689 ;  attainted,  and  his  estates 
forfeited,  by  James  II,  May  1689;  fought  at  the  Boyne, 

\  {(GQured  Dublin,  and  took  Kilkenny  Oeistle,  July  1690: 

'  wait  with  William  III  to  Holland,  1691 ;  fought  at  Stdn- 
kirk,  169S :  taken  prlsone*  at  Landen,  1693,  but  exchanged ; 

I  preseiitat  William  I  IPs  deathbed,  March  1703  ;commauded 
troops  sent  against  Cadiz  and  Vigo,  August-October  1708 ; 

'  in  Ireland  as  lord-lieutenant,  September  1703-June  1706, 
and  again  1710-11 :  appointed  commander-in-chief,  and 
captain-general,  1718 ;  sent  to  command  in  Flanders,  April 
1713,  but  directed  to  remain  inactive ;  lord- warden  of  the 
Cinque  ports,  1718-14  :  lord-lieutenant  of  Ireland,  1713 ; 
deprived  of  the  captain-generalship,  1714 :  a  recognised 

!  leader  of  the  Jacobites  in  London ;  impeached,  81  June 
1716 ;  withdrew  to  France,  8  Aug. :  attainted  and  his 

'  esUtn  forfeited,  30  Aug.  1716 :  sailed  to  Plymouth  to  head 
an  expected  rising,  1715;  accepted  command  of  Spanish 
fleet  intended  to  restore  Stuarts,  1719  :  was  living  at 
Madrid,  1781 ;  redded  chiefly  at  Avignon  ;  visited  Madrid, 

'■  1740,  to  suggest  an  invasion  of  England ;  buried  in  West- 

,  minster  Abbey.  [viiU  60] 

BUTLER,  JAMES   ARMAR  (1887-1864X  captain  in 
the  army ;  educated  abroad  and  at  Sandhurst ;  ensign, 
1848 :   served  in  the  Kaffir  war,  1846-7 ;  captain,  1863 ; 
;  defended  Siliatria  against  the  Russians,  1864.    [viii.  66] 

BUTLSB,  JOHN,  sixth  Earl  of  Ormoxdb  (d.  1478), 
'  knighted  before  1460 :  attainted,  1461,  with  his  brother, 
!  James  Butler,  fifth  earl  fq.  v.] ;  soon  pardoned  and  re- 

covered  his  estates ;  died  in  Palestine  on  a  pilgrimage. 
I  .  [viii.  66] 

v2 


BUTLER 


180 


BUTTiFiK 


BTITUCR.  JOHN  (d.  1800X  Boman  oatholio  bishop  of 
Oork,  1763-86 ;  succeeded  to  barouj  of  Dunboyne  (under 
attaiiider),  December  1786 :  was  refused  dispensanon  to 
resign  his  see  and  marry :  embraced  protestantism,  1787 ; 
reconciled  to  cathollciun,  1800 ;  bequeathed  the  Dunboyne 
estate  to  Biaynooth  College ;  D  J).  [viii.  66] 

BTTTLEE,  JOHN  (1717-180SX  bishop  of  Hereford; 
bom  at  Hamburg ;  entered  nuivcrsity  Collie,  Oxford, 
1783 ;  D.C.L.,  1762 ;  cbapLaiu  to  the  Prinoess-do wager  of 
Wales,  1764;  a  popular  Loudon  preacher;  minister  of 
Great  Yarmontli,  1768 ;  prebendary  of  Winchester,  1760 ; 
rector  of  Everley,  Wiltshire;  chaplain  to  Qoorge  III; 
bishop  of  Oxford,  1777;  translated  to  see  of  Hereford, 
1788;  published  political  tracts,  sermons,  and  chaii^es. 

[vUl.  67] 

BTTTLEB,  JOSEPH  (1699-1768),  bishop  of  Durham; 
son  of  a  retired  draper  at  Wantage,  a  presbyterian ;  edu- 
cated at  Samuel  Jones's  dissenting  school,  Gloucestershire ; 
sent  Samuel  Olarke  criticisms  on  his  Boyle  lectures, 
1713 ;  conformed  to  the  Anglican  church ;  entered  Oriel 
College,  Oxford,  1716  ;  B.A.,  1718 ;  B.O.L^  1721 ;  D.C.L^ 
1733  ;  ordained  priest,  1718 ;  preacher  at  the  BaUs,  1719- 
1726  :  prebendary  of  Salisbury,  1721-38 ;  rector  of  Hbogh- 
ton-le-Skeme,  Durham,  1722-6 ;  rector  of  Stanhope,  1726- 
1740 ;  published  '  Fifteen  Sermons,*  1726.  and  the  *  Ana- 
logy of  Religion,*  maintaining  that  the  frame  of  nature 
shows  a  moral  governor  revealed  through  conscience, 
1786 ;  prebendary  of  Rochester,  1736-40 ;  clerk  of  the 
closet  to  tho  queen,  1736  ;  bishop  of  Brist<^  1788 ;  asked 
John  Wesley  to  cease  preaching  in  his  diocese,  1789 ;  dean 
of  St.  Paul's,  1740 ;  clerk  of  the  closet  to  the  king,  1746 ; 
said  to  have  refused  see  of  Canterbury,  1747 ;  suggested  i 
plan  for  establishing  bishops  in  Ameiloan  colonies,  1760 ;  I 
translated  to  Durham,  1760 ;  suspected  by  some  to  have  ! 
died  a  Roman  cathoUa  His  collected  works  were  pub-  I 
lished  in  1804.  [viiL  67]      ! 

BUTLSB,  Sir  PIERCE  or  PIERS,  eighth  Earl  oy  ! 
Ormondk  and  flret  Earl  of  Osboht  (d,  1639),  succeeded  ' 
to  the  Ormonde  earldom,  1616 :  active  in  supprewing 
Irish  rebellions ;  lord  deputy,  1621-4 ;  lord  treasurer  of 
Ireland,  1624;  forced  by  Henry  VIII  to  snrrraider  the 
Ormonde  title  to  Sir  Thomas  Boleyn,  1627 ;  created,  in 
compensation.  Earl  of  Ossory,  February  1628 ;  lord  jus- 
tice, 1628 ;  given  large  grants  of  land  for  helping  to  snp- 
pre&<  Sir  Thomas  Fitzgerald's  rising,  1634-6 ;  suppressed 
the  Earl  of  Desmond's  rising.  [vliL  72] 

BTTTLSR,  PIERCE,  third  Vmcount  Galmot  (1662- 
1740),  colonel  in  the  French  service ;  bon.  D.C.L.  Oxford, 
1677 ;  lord-lieutenant  cf  Kilkenny ;  colonel  of  horse  be- 
sieging Londonderry,  1689;  fought  at  the  Boyne,  1690, 
and  Anghrim,  1691 :  outiawed,  but  given  the  benefit  of 
the  treaty  of  Limerick,  1691 ;  withdrew  to  France ; 
creiitcd  Earl  of  Newcostie  by  James  II ;  attainted,  and 
his  estates  confiscated,  1697  ;  served  with  distinction  as 
colonel  of  Iri^h  horse  in  the  French  service.      [viiL  73] 

BTTTLEB,  RICHARD,  firbt  Yiscoukt  Mouktoarret 
(d.  1671),  created  1660.  [viiL  73] 

BTTTLEB.  RICH ARD,  third  Viscount  Mountgarrrt 
(1678-1661),  joined  in  the  rebellion  of  his  father-in-law, 
Hugh,  earl  of  Tyrone,  1697-8 ;  succeeded,  and  had  his  i 
estates  confirmed,  1606 ;  sat  in  the  Irish  parliament, 
1613,  1616,  1634 ;  took  casUes  in  Kilkenny,  Waterford, 
and  Tipperary,  and  was  chosen  general  of  the  Irish  rd>ds, 
1641 :  defeated  at  Eilrush,  1642 ;  fought  at  Ross,  1643 ; 
excepted,  though  dead,  from  pardon  in  the  act  of  1662. 

[vUi.  73] 

BTTTLEB,  RICHARD  (d.  1791 X  officer  in  the  Ameri- 
can army ;  by  birth  an  Irishman  ;  emigrated  before  1760 ; 
lioutenant<x>lonel,  1776 ;  maior-general,  1791 :  killed 
while  fighting  in  St.  Clair's  expedition  airainst  the 
Indians.  [viiL  74] 

BTTTLEB.  SAMUEL  (1612-1680).  satirist ;  son  of  a 
Worcestershire  farmer;    educated'  at    Worcester   free 
school ;  for  some  years  page  to  Elisabeth,  countess  ot  '. 
Kent,  at  Wrest.  Bedfordrtdre,  c  1628 ;  clerk  to  various  : 
puritan  justices  of  the  peace,  inclnding  Sir  ftsmuel  Luke 
of  Bedfordshire,  and  Sir  Henrv  Rosewell  of  Devonshire, 
from  whom  be  derived  traits  for  *  Hndibras ' ;  sojourned  ' 
in  France  and  Holland  ;  published  an  anonymous  pamph- 
let in  favour  of  the  Stuarts,  1669 ;  secretary  to  the  lord  ! 
president  of  Wales,  1660;  steward  of  Ludlow  Oastla;  j 
married  a  widow  with  a  jointure,  and  came  to  London ;  ■ 


published  *  Hndibras,'  part  i.  1663,  part  IL  1664,  anA 
part  ill.  1668 ;  was  neglected  by  the  court,  and,  acoording 
to  the  moflt  authentic  accounts,  died  In  poverty.  Some 
manuscript  pieces  were  flrtit  priuted  in  1764.     [yilL  74] 

BTTTLEB,  SAMUEL  (1774-1839),  bishop  of  liichfioU ; 
educated  at  Rugby  and  St.  John's  College,  (Cambridge : 
B.A.,  1796;  fellow,  1797;  D.D.,  1811;  head-master  oC 
Shrewsbury',  1798-1836;  vicar  of  Keuilworth,  1802 ;  pfe- 
beudary  of  Lichfield,  1807;  edited  '.fischylos*  (four 
volumes),  1809-26;  bishop  of  Lichfield  and  (]ovaitajt 
1836;  published  atlases  and  text-books  of  ancieut 
modem  geography.  [▼UL  76] 


BTTTLEB,  SIMON  (1767-1797),  Irish  politlolan ; 
to  the  Irish  bar,  1778 ;  presided  at  the  first  meeting  of  the 
Dublin  *  United  Irishmen,'  1791 ;  issued  digest  of  the  U«i 
against  cathoUcs,  1792 ;  political  prisoner  for  six  montlis 
in  Newgate,  1793 ;  subsequently  withdrew  to  Bdinbiuqgh. 

[ViiL  77] 

BTTTLEB,  THEOBALD  (d.  1206-6),  flnt  *  butler'  of 
Irdand,  ^Pincema  Hibemin';  named  Waltbi,  Wal* 
TERi,  and  FiTZWALTER  f rom  his  father ;  Bltler  and  Lb 
BoTiLLKR  fnnn  his  office ;  elder  brother  of  Hubert  Waltsr 
[q.  ▼.]*  the  primate  and  justiciar ;  met  with  as  owner  flf 
Amoundemese,  Lancashire,  e.  1166:  went  with  Piiaot 
John  to  Ireland,  1186 ;  gi^vited  lands  in  Limsriek,  and 
fought  with  the  Irish.  1186 ;  granted  Arklow,  oo.  Wkfc- 
low,  before  1189 ;  in  England,  1188 ;  in  Franoe,  1186 ;  tai 
constant  attendance  on  John,  who  (as  Domlnos  HiheniB^ 
1177)  made  him  *  butler ' ;  first  used  the  tiUe,  May  IIM ; 
governor  of  Lancaster  Castie  for  Prinoe  John,  IIM ;  Mxr- 
rendered  it  to  the  justiciar,  1194;  sheriff  of  Lanoaidiiny 
1194-1200 :  justice  itinerant,  U98 ;  deprived,  by  Klag 
John,  of  Amoundemess  and  Limerick,  1201 ;  made  Us 
peace  and  got  back  Amoundemess,  1202  ;  retired  to  Ir^ 
land,  1208 ;  founded  monasteries  in  Irdand.      [viiL  77} 

BTTTLEB.  THOMAS (/.  1670),  translator:  pnbUsliad 
a  catholic  *  Treatise  of  ...  the  Masse,'  translated  from 
the  Italian,  1670 ;  B.A.  Cambridge,  1648 ;  LL.D.  of  sons 
foreign  university.  [viiL  79] 

BTTTLEB,  THOMAS,  tenth  Earl  op  Ormondk  (16IS- 
1614),  called  *  the  black  earl ' ;  son  of  James  Butler,  nintt 
earl  [q.  v.]  ;  brought  np  at  Henry  VIII's  court  as  a  ]«»• 
testant;  knighted,  1647;  sent  to  Ireland  to  allay  dis- 
affection among  his  Irish  tenantiy,  1664 ;  tried  to  re- 
concile the  Irish  and  their  English  rulen ;  privy  cooncillor 
and  lord  treasurer  of  Ireland,  1669  ;  deprived  of  Olonmd 
and  other  manore  by  the  Earl  of  Desmond,  1660 ;  his  lands 
ravaged  by  Desmond,  1661-7;  perauaded  Shan  CKeOl, 
king  of  Ulster,  to  acknowledge  Elisabeth's  sancnacy, 
1661 ;  made  war  on  O'Neill  to  protect  the  MaoDonndls, 
1663 ;  fought  with  Desmond  at  AfTone,  1666 ;  at  Elisa- 
beth's court,  1666-9 ;  returned  to  Irdand,  where  Us 
brotner  had  revolted,  July  1669 ;  suppreved  the  Ewrl  ef 
Thomond'd  rebellion,  1670 ;  repressed  risings  in  Manstar, 
1671 :  visited  London,  1672.  and  again  1679 ;  crushed  the 
Desmonds  in  Kerry,  1680-3  ;  hdpad  to  cnptore  and  kOI 
the  Spanish  refugees  who  had  escaped  the  wreck  of  Ike 
Armada,  1688 ;  helped  to  suppress  the  Earl  of  Tjrrane^ 
rebellion,  1698-9;  lord  treasurer,  1699;  granted  con- 
fiscated lands  in  Munster,  1602 ;  vice-admiral  of  Ireland, 
1612.  [Till.  TV] 

BTTTLEB,  THOMAS,  Earl  of  Obsort  (1684-1680), 
ddest  9<»i  of  James  Butler,  first  duke  of  Ormonde  [q.  t.]  ; 
Uved  in  Kilkenny  Castie  from  birth  till  1647 ;  taken  to 
France,  1648 ;  educated  Ir  a  French  protestant  school  at 
Caen,  1648-62 ;  in  London,  1662-4$ ;  imprisoned  for  sofM 
months  in  the  Tower  as  a  political  suspect,  1666 ;  went  to 
Holland,  1666 ;  married  Emilia,  a  rdative  of  the  Pxlaee 
of  Orange,  1669 ;  gambled ;  in  fevour  with  Oharlea  II  and 
the  Duke  of  York,  1660 :  lieotenant-genoral  of  hocM, 
1661,  and  of  the  army  in  Ireland,  1666 ;  MP.  for  BristoL 
1661;  called  to  the  Irish  House  of  Peers,  1662;  loid 
deputy  of  Ireland,  1664-11 ;  a  volunteer  in  the  sea-flsdit  in 
the  IhOA^ns,  1  and  2  June  1666 ;  created  Bsjnon  Buttnr  ef 
Moore  Park  In  the  English  peerage,  1666 ;  quarrelled  wittt 
Buckingham,  1666 ;  lord  deputy  in  Irdand,  1668-9 :  at* 
tended  the  Prince  of  Orange  on  his  Tistt,  167D-1 ;  took 
part  in  the  attack  on  the  Dutch  merchant  fleet,  1672; 
commanded  a  ship  at  Sonthwold  Bay,  Muy  167S;  EJi^ 
1672:  envoy  to  Faris,  November  1672;  rear-«dmixal, 
1673 ;  in  the  sea  fight,  11  Aug.  1673 ;  sent  to  offer  tbs 
Prinoe  of  Orange  marriage  with  Prinosis  3fai7,KofHlb« 
1674 ;  made  a  campaign  in  Flanders,  1677 ;  oomnanM 


BTJTTiFiH 


181 


BUTTON 


continjpait  at  Moos,  1878;  defended  hiB  father  in 
of  Iiords  acaiust  SbaftartMuy,  1679 ;  ordisred  to 
at  Tangier.  1680.  [viii.  81] 


THOMAS   HAMLY   (176S?-18i8X  oom- 
d  the  Oliapd  Royal :  studied  In  Italy  : 
to  Conaberland'tf  *  Widow  of  Delphi,'  pro- 
dDoed  mO;  Boiiomaster  in  Bdinborgh,  1780-1828. 

[TiiL86] 

BUTXSI,  WALTKR,  of  Kiloash,  eleventh  Barl  of 
Ouiuxi«  (ISO  1633X  serred  under  hia  ancle,  Thomas 
BuUer,  tath  mrl  of  Ormoude  [q.  v.],  1699-1600 ;  soc- 
ecedad  to  mitilrwn,  1614;  refoaed  to  accept  James  Fs 
awd  «f  the  estates  to  Sir  Richard  Preston,  baron  Ding- 
■d  warn  impiiflooed  in  the  Fleet,  1617-SS :  deprived 
ODOBty  pahtlne  of  Tipperaiy ;  recovered  part  of 
18SA :  lived  in  Drunr  Lane,  16S6-7 :  retired  to 
lCt7  ? :  adaxywledged  heir  to  the  estates  of  hia 
>  Thgmaa,  tenth  earl  of  Ormonde,  16S0.     [viii.  86] 


WAJLTER,  OouxT  (<f.  1684),  of  Irish  ex- 
foQKht  at  tlie  battle  of  Prague,  1620 ;  lieutenaut- 
oC  and  in  temporary  command  of,  his  kinsman's 
Bnnx.BR,  James,  /.  1681-1634]  Irish  regiment  at 
r,  1681 :  prisoner  in  the  hands  of  the 
Gostavos  Adoiphoa,  1681 ;  collected  recruits 
Id :  sent  bv  Wallenstein  to  defend  Sagan  against 
16Sf :  oraared  by  Wallenstein  to  bring  his  dra- 
to  Pnigoek  Febroaty  1684;  went  with  Wallen- 
to  Bgo*  bat  sent  hia  chaplain,  83  F^.,  to  receive 
nom  Fiooolomini ;  arranged  marder  of  Wal- 
and  Ids  ofBcera,  86  Feb.  1684 ;  rewarded  by  the 
nsBt  of  the  estate  of  Friedbcrg;  fooght  at  NOrdlingen, 
fljBliiiibii  1684 :  rednoed  Aoraoh  and  Schomdorf  in 
mtenbeiv,  1*34.  [viii.  86] 


WBBDEEN,  the  elder  (1742-1833),  miscel 
witter;  iolicitor*8  derk;  amannwisis  to  Dr. 
Vimam  Dodd,  1764-77 ;  preacher  at  Pimlico  chapel,  1776- 
1814;  kept  a  private  school  at  Ohdaea ;  published  bio- 
inptates  and  dramatic  pieces.  [viii.  89] 

BUTLXR,  WSBDEN,  theyonnger  (1778-1831),  author ; 
SOD  of  Weedcn  Butler  the  elder  [q.  v.] ;  M.A. 
flUagr  Sosaez  CoUege,  Cambridge,  1797  ;  preacher  in 
Loodon:  rector  of  Great  Wodaton,  Bnckiugliamshire, 
Ml;  BBher  in,  afterwards  master  of,  his  father's  school 
taOUaea ;  pobHabed  pamjAdete  and  verses.     [viiL  89] 


iaBlViaiid 


or  BOTBUEB,    WILLIAM    (d.   1410?), 
WycUiBiaD ;  provincial  of  the  Franciscans 
member  of  Fnuioiscan  convent  at  Oxford ; 
Bngliah  tranalatioiis  of  the  bible,  1401 ; 
i&erwBida  lived  in  the  convent  at  Reading.       [vUL  89] 

BUTLEE,  WILLIAM  (1688-1618),  physician;  M.A. 
Clue  Hall,  Oambridge,  lft66 ;  licensed  to  practise  medi- 
ciie,  1873 ;  attended  Prince  Henry,  1618  ;  an  eccentric. 

[ViiL  90] 

WILLIAM  AROHER  (1814  ?-1848X  pro- 
'  of  moral  philosophy  av  Dublin,  1837-48 ;  brought 
oo  aa  a  Roman  catholic  ;  embraced  protestautism  ;  B.  A. 
triaity  College,  Dublin ;  prebendary  of  Raphoe,  1837 ; 
iMor  e(  Raymogby,  Donegal,  1842 ;  visited  Wordsworth, 
1844 :  active  in  alleviating  distress  iu  tlie  Irbh  famine, 
1846-7 :  eootribnted  to  the  *  Dublin  University  Review.* 
His  ptotesorial  *  Lectures'  were  published,  1856,  and 
lttfr-6.  [viii.  91] 


.   I 


WILLIAM  JOHN  (1818-1894),  dean  of 
IlaeoiB :  edncated  at  Westminster  and  Trinity  College, 
"  "  ;  M.A.,  1844;  M.A.  Oxford,  1847;  honorary 
e(  Christ  Church,  1872;  vicar  of  Wantage,  1846; 
er,  1880,  and  warden  tlU  death  of  sisterbood  of 
M^ Mary's,  Wantage;  dected  proctor  for  clergy  of  Ox- 
fad,  1874 ;  canon  of  Worcester,  1880 ;  appointed  dean  of 
Uneola,  1888.    His  *  Life  and  Letters  *  appeared,  1 897. 

[Suppl.  i.  369] 

BVTT,  Bnt  (7HARLRS  PARKER  (1830-1893),  judge : 
iaOad  to  bar  at  Lincoln's  Inn,  1864 ;  bencher,  1869  ;  pnio- 
Haid  in  conaalar  courts  at  Constantinople ;  Q.O.,  1868 ; 
Aeral  MP.  for  Southampton,  1880 ;  appointed  justice  of 
Msh  eeort.,  probate,  divorce,  and  admiralty  divi«ion,  and 
kiigblBd,  1888 ;  president  of  the  division,  1891. 

, [Suppl.  L  860] 

BVTT,  GBOROB  (1741-1796),  divine;  educated  at 
VcBtalaater  and  (Christ  C;hurch,  Oxford ;  M.A.,  1768 ; 
tU)L,17n ;  rector  of  Stanford  and  vicar  of  Clifton,  Wor- 
1771 :  Ticar  of  Kewchnrch,  Isle  of  Wight, 


1778-88 ;  rector  of  Notgrove,  Gloucestershire,  1783 :  chap- 
hdn  to  George  IU,  1783;  vicar  of  Kidderminster,  1787 ; 
published  sermons  and  verses.  [viii.  92] 

BUTT,  ISAAC  (1813-1879),  founder  of  the  Irish  home 
rule  party ;  scholar  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin ;  LLJ)., 
1840;  edited  the  'Dublin  University  Magazine,' 1884-8 ; 
professor  of  political  economy,  1836-41 ;  Irish  barrister, 
1888  ;  opposed  O'Connell ;  M.P.  for  Harwich,  1862  ;  M.P. 
for  Youghal,  1862-66;  banister  of  the  Inner  Temple, 
1889;  defended  Fenian  prisoners,  1866-9;  MJ".  for 
Limerick,  1871;  published  translation  of  Virgil's 
*Georgic8' and  historical  and  political  tracts,    [viii.  98] 

BUTTEB,  JOHN  (1791-1877),  ophthalmic  surgeon; 
studied  in  Devonshire  boroitals  ;  M.D.  Edinburgh,  1820 ; 
practised  as  an  oculist  in  Plymouth  ;  became  blind,  1866  ; 
wrote  medical  treatises.  [viii.  94] 

BTITTSR,  NATHANIEL  (d.  1664X  printer  and  jour- 
nalist ;  son  of  a  London  stationer ;  freeman  of  Stationers' 
Company,  1604  :  issued  bookd  in  bis  own  name,  1604-11 ; 
issued  pamphletA  describing  murders  and  plays,  1606-.H9  ; 
issued  weekly  redactions  of  foreign  newslettent,  1632-39 ; 
issued  half-yearly  volumes  of  foreign  news,  168il-40. 

[ViiL  94] 

BUTTER,  WILLIAM  (1726-1806),  physician;  M.D. 
Edinburgh,  1761 ;  practised  successively  In  Derby  and 
London  ;  wrote  on  medical  subjects.  [viii.  96] 

BUTTESFIELl),  ROBERT  (/I,  1629X  Anglican  con- 
troversialist :  M.A.  St.  John's  College,  Oambi^ge,  1626  : 
published  *  Masohil,'  1629.  [viU.  96] 

BTTTTERFISLD,  SWITHUN  (d.  161 IX  author  of  re- 
ligious and  legal  tracts ;  possibly  of  Pembroke  Hall, 
Cambridge,  1608.  [vUi.  96] 

BUTTERFIELD,  WILLIAM  (1814-1900X  architect ; 
articled  at  Worcester;  established  himself  hi  London; 
erected  missionary  college  of  St.  Augustine's,  Ctenterbuiy, 
1848,  chapel  of  BalUd  College,  Oxford,  1866-7,  All  Saints', 
Margaret  Street,  London,  1869,  new  buildings  at  Merton 
College,  Oxford,  1864,  school  buikliugs  at  Rugby,  1876,  and 
Keble  College,  Oxford,  1876  ;  executed  designs  for  several 
odouial  cathedrals;  made  a  careful  study  of  Gothic 
architecture.  [Suppl.  i.  360] 

BXJTTERWOBTH,  EDWIN  (1812-1848X  publisher  of 
historical  and  biographical  works  on  lAncashire,  1829-47 ; 
jroungest  son  of  James  Botterworth  [q.  v.] ;  collected 
materials  for  history  of  Lancashire ;  registrar  of  births 
and  deaths  at  Gbadderton.  Some  of  his  collections  are 
preserved  at  Oldham.  [viii.  96] 

BXTTTERWORTH,  HENRY  (1786-1860X  London  law 
publisher ;  apprentice  to  his  uncle,  Joseph  Butterworth 
[q.  v.]  ;  began  bufdness  on  his  own  account,  1818. 

[viU.  97] 

BTITTXBWOBTH,  JAMES  (1771-1837),  author  of 
poems  in  the  Lancashire  dialect  and  of  contributions  to 
Laucasliire  comity  history,  1800-30  ;  son  of  a  Lancashire 
weaver ;  taught  8ctHX>i ;  postmaster  of  Oldham. 

[viii.  97] 

BUTTXBWOBTH,  JOHN  (1727-1803X  baptist  minis- 
ter at  Coventry,  1768-1803;  pnbUshed  •A  New  Con- 
cordance,'  1767.  [viii.  9»] 

BTTTTEBWORTH,  JOSEPH  (1770-1826),  Uw  book- 
seller. Fleet  Street,  Loudon ;  son  of  John  Butterworth 
[q.  v.]  ;  M.P.  for  Dover  ;  Wesleyan  philanthropist ;  pub- 
lished a  priced  '  Catalogue  of  Law  Books.'         [viiL  98] 

BUTTSVAKT,  Vwcousr  (1560-1617).  [SceBARUT, 
David  Fitzjambs  db.] 

BUTTON,  RALPH  {d.  1680X  puritan ;  BJl.  Kxeter 
College,  Oxford,  1630 ;  fellow  of  Merum,  1633  :  M.A., 
1640 :  withdrew  to  London,  1642  ;  professor  of  geometry 
in  Gresliam  College,  1648-8 ;  a  delegate  to  visit  Oxford 
University,  1647 ;  intruded  canon  of  Christ  Church,  and 
public  orator,  1648-60  ;  left  Oxford,  1660;  kept  a  school 
at  Brentford ;  and  at  Islington,  1672-80.  [viiL  08] 

BUTTOK,  Sir  THOMAS  (d.  1634X  admiral ;  entered 
the  navy,  e.  1689  ;  served  iu  tl>e  West  Indies  :  present  at 
the  siege  of  Kinsale,  1601  :  explored  Hudson's  Bay,  1612- 
1613 ;  admiral  in  cliarge  of  Irifh  coasts,  1614-34 ; 
knighted,  1616  ;  served  against  Algiers,  1620;  served  on 

<  commission  for  inquiring  into  state  of  navy,  1625 ;  qnar- 

<  rtiled  with  the  nary  board,  1628.  [vUL  99] 


BUTTON 


182 


BYNG 


BTTTTON  or  BITTOV,  WILLIAM  l(d.  1864),  bishop  ; 
of  Bath  and  Wells :  named  from  Bitton,  Gkracesterahire ; 
rector  of  Sowy  ;  sab-dean,  and  aftorwards  archdeacon,  of 
Wells;  bishop  of  Bath  and  Wells,  1S47 ;  went  to  Borne  to 
protest  against  the  prlmate*8  olaims.  1S51 :  present  in 
parliament,  1SS3  ;  ambassador  to  Castile ;  with  Henry  III 
in  Gasoouy,  1364 ;  qoarrelled  with  the  abbot  of  Glaston- 
boxy  over  certain  possessions  and  rights  which  the  abbey 
had  lost  to  the  bishopric;  present  at  the  dedication  of 
Solisbary  Cathedral,  1258.  [tUL  100] 

BTTTTON  or  BITTON,  WILUAM  n  (d.  1274),  bishop 
of  Bath  and  Wells ;  nephew  of  William  Button  I  [q.  ▼.] ; 
dean  of  Wells ;  bishop  of  Bath  and  Wells,  1267 ;  reverenced 
locally  as  a  saint.  [viii.  101] 

BTJTTOV,  Sib  WILLIAM  (d.  1654),  baronet ;  Dion- 
dered  by  the  parliamentary  troops,  164S-4;   fined   for 

*  delinquency,*  1646.  [viiL  101] 

BITTTS,  JOHN  (d.  1764),  self-taught  Irish  landscape- 
painter,  [viii.  101] 

BTJTT8,  BOBEBT  (1684-1748),  bishop  of  Ely  ;  edu- 
cated at  Bury  St.  Bdmunds  and  Trinity  OoUege,  Cam- 
bridge ;  M.A.,  1711 ;  DJ).,  1728 ;  preacher  at  Bury,  1703 ; 
political  agent ;  rector  of  Ickworth,  Suffolk,  1717-33 ; 
chaplain  to  Gkorge  n,  1728 ;  dean  of  Norwich,  1731 ; 
bishop  of  Norwich,  1733  ;  translated  to  Ely,  1738;  pub- 
lidied  sermons  and  charges.  [viii.  102] 

BUTTS,  Sir  WILLIAM  (d.  1545),  physician  to 
Heauy  Ym  and  his  court;  owned  lands  in  Norfolk; 
BJL.  QonvUle  Hall,  Cambridge,  1506 ;  M.D.,  1518. 

[vUL  103] 

BXJZHULL,  Sir  ALAN  (1823-1381),  constable  of  Uw 
TOwer  of  London,  1365-81 ;  inherited  bis  flather's  lands 
in  Sussex  and  Dorset,  1325 ;  served  with  Edward  III  in 
Prance,  1355  ;  chamberlain  to  Bdwaid  m,  1869 ;  castellan 
in  Normandy,  1370 ;  K.O.,  1872.  [viii,  104] 

BUXTON,  BERTHA  H.  (1844-1881 X  novelist:  fi^ 
Leopold  ;  published  novels  and  books  for  children,  1874?- 
1881 ;  travelled  with  her  parents,  who  were  German  musl- 
oians ;  married  a  London  dub-manager.         [viii.  105] 

BUZTOV,  CHARLES  (1823-1871),  Uberal  poUtician  ; 
third  son  of  Sir  Thomas  Powell  Buxton  [<)•▼.]:  B.A. 
Trinity;  College,  Cambridge,  1845;  partner  in  Truman, 
Hanbury,  Buxton  A  Co.*s  brewny,  Spitalfields,  1845; 
bought  an  estate  in  Kerry,  1852 ;  MJP.  for  Newport,  1857, 
for  Maidstone,  1859,  and  for  Bast  Surrejv,  1865-71 ;  pub- 
lished biograp^  of  his  flather  and  political  pamphlets, 
1853-69.  [viU.  105] 

BUZTOV,  JEDEDIAH  (1707-1772),  calculating  pro- 
digy ;  farm-labourer  at  Elmton,  Derbyshire ;  exhibited  in 
London,  1754.  [viii.  106] 

BUXTOK,  RICHARD  a786-1865),  botanist ;  a  Lan- 
cashire shoemaker  and  seli-taught  botanist;  published 

*  Botanical  Guide '  to  Manchester  district,  1849. 

[viii.  106] 
BUXTOV,  Sir  THOMAS  POWELL  (1786-1845), 
philanthropist;  educated  at  private  schools;  entered 
Trinity  College,  Dublin,  1803 ;  partner  in  Truman,  Han- 
bury 6t  Co.'s  brewery,  1808 ;  advocated  prison  reform, 
1816-20 ;  M.F.  for  Weymouth,  1818-37 ;  advocated  aboU- 
tion  of  slavery  in  British  dominions,  1822-33 ;  advocated 
repression  of  African  slave-trade  and  the  Niger  expedition, 
1839-40 ;  created  baronet,  1840  ;  accorded  a  monument  in 
Westminster  Abbey.  [vUL  107] 

BT,  JOHN  (1781-1836),  lieutenant-colonel  royal  engi- 
neers; studied  at  Royal  Military  Academy,  Woolwich; 
second  lieutenant  royal  engineers,  1799 ;  lieutenant,  18()1 ; 
first  captain,  1809  ;  lieutenant-colonel,  1824 ;  served  in 
Canada,  1802-11,  and  Portugal,  1811 ;  in  charge  of  royal 
gunpowder  mills  at  Paversham,  Purfieet,  and  Waltham 
Abbey,  1812-21 ;  constructed  Rideau  canal  from  the  St. 
Lawrence  to  the  Canadian  lakes,  1826-32,  Bytown  (now 
Ottawa)  being  named  after  him.  [Suppl.  L  363] 

BTAM,  EDWARD  (1585-1639),  divine;  brother  of 
Henry  Byam  [q.  v.]  ;  demy  of  Magdalen  College,  Oxfonl, 
1601-10 ;  M^A.,  1607  ;  vicar  of  Dulverton,  Somerset,  1612- 
1625 :  precentor  of  Cloyne,  1637,  and  prebendary  of  Lis- 
more,  1639,  holding  also  other  Irish  preierments. 

[viii.  110] 

BTAM,  HBNRT  (1580-1669),  divine:  brother  of 
Edward  Byam  [q.  v.]  ;  stodont  of  Christ  Church,  Ozfoid, 


1599;  M.A.,  1606;  B.D.,  1612;  DJ).,  IMS;  rector  flff 
Luccombe  and  of  Sdwortiiy,  Somerset,  1614 ;  seqaestecvfi, 
1656 ;  prd>endai7  of  Exeter,  1632 ;  chaidain  to  tlie  roymttrt 
garrison  in  Jers^,  1646-51 ;  prebendary  of  WeUs,  lt60 : 
published  sermons.  [viiL  109] 

BTAM,  JOHN  (1583?-1653),  divine;  brother  at 
Edward  Byam  [q.  v.];  M.A.  Exeter  Ccdlege,  Oxfoed, 
1606 :  rector  of  Clotworthv,  Somerset,  1609 ;  yioar  of 
Dulverton,  1625 ;  sequestered  and  imprisoned  for  royalist 
correspondence.  [viiL  109] 


.,  NICHOLAS  (d.  1681),  portrait-painter;  «l 
Norwegian  birth ;  prot^  of  Sir  William  Temple. 

[ViiL  110] 
BTSBLET,  KATHARINE  (1797-1862).    [See  Thom- 
son.] 


THOMAS  (d.  1826),  London  journalist; 
published  under  the  peeodonyms  of  Stephen  OoUet  and  of 
Reuben  Percy  '  Relics  of  Literature,'  1823,  *  The  Percy 
Anecdotes,*  1821-3,  and  *  London  . . .  Memorials,'  18S8. 

[ViiL  110] 
BTXB8  or  BTBSS,  JAMES  (1733-1817),  virtooMs 
resided  in  Rome,  1750-90,  cc^ecting  antique  art  treaaorss  ^ 
studied  Etruscan  architecture.  [vilL  110] 


ADONIRAM  fd.  1660),  puritan,  third 

of  Nicholas  Byfleld  [q.  v.]  ;  educated  at  Emmanoel  Col- 
lege, Cambridge :  chaplain  to  a  parliamentary  ref^meot  : 
a  clerk  of  the  Westminster  Assembly,  of  which  he  took 
minutes  (printed  1874) ;  rectcnr,  till  1646,  and  vioar,  tiO 
1657,  of  Pulham ;  rector  of  GoUingboom  Dads,  Wilt^ln^ 
before  1654  ;  on  Wiltshire  committee  for  ejectingr  dergyi 
1654.  [vUL  llir 

BTPISLD,  JOHN  (/.  1830X  wood  engraver. 
[vUL  111] 

BTFISLD,  NICHOLAS  (1579-1622),  puritan ;  stoiUed 
at  Exeter  College,  Oxford,  1597-1601 ;  preacher  at  Chester 
before  1611 ;  vicar  of  Isleworth,  1615-22;  published  theo- 
logical works.  [viii.  112] 

BTPISLD,  RICHARD  (1698  ?-1664X  puritan  ;  entered 
Queen's  College,  Oxford,  1615;  MA.,  1622;  rector  of 
Long  Ditton,  Surrq^,  before  1630 :  elected  into  the  West- 
minster Assembly,  1645 ;  on  the  Surrey  conunittee  for 
ejecting  clergy,  1654;  ejected  from  Lcmg  Ditton,  166S; 
published  theological  treatises.  [vUL  113] 

BTLE8,  Sir  JOHN  BARNARD  (1801-1884),  judge; 
barristo-  of  the  Inner  Temple,  1831 ;  recorder  of  Buddng* 
ham,  1840-55 ;  serjeant^at-law,  1843 :  one  of  the  lastqoeen*s 
Serjeants,  1857 ;  knighted,  1858 ;  justice  of  the  oommoo 
pleas,  1858-73 ;  published  legal  treatises.         [viiL  US] 

BTLOT  or  BILOT,  ROBERT  ( /!.  1610-1616),  explorer 
of  the  north-west  passage;  sailed  with  Henry  Hudson 
[q.  yX  1610-11,  and  Sir  Thomas  Button  [q.  v.],  1612-13, 
and  Gibbons,  1614 ;  commanded  the  attempt  ot  16U 
with  William  Baffin  [q.  v.]  as  mate.  [viii.  114] 

BTVO,  ANDREW  (1574-1651),  professor  of  Hebrew, 
Cambridge,  1608 ;  educated  at  Feterhouse,  Cambridge ; 
one  of  the  translators  of  the  authorised  version,  1806 : 
DJ}.  [ViiL  Hi] 

BTHO,  GEORGE,  Viscount  Torrinoton  (186S- 
1783),  admiral ;  served  in  the  navy,  1678-81 ;  oflloer  of 
Tangier  garrison,  J681 -3  ;  lieutenant  in  the  army,  1684- 
1690;  naval  lieutenant,  1684;  at  Bomtwy,  1685-7; 
canvassed  ship-commanders  to  join  the  Prince  of 
1688 :  served  under  Admiral  Herbert,  1689 ;  at 
Head,  1690;  served  in  Mediterranean,  1698-5; 
under  Sir  Clowdisley  Shovell,  1702-3  ;  rear-admiral,  1701: 
present  at  taking  of  Gibraltar  and  the  battle  off  Malaga, 
1704;  knighted,  1704;  vice-admiral,  1706;  served  Ia 
Mediterranean,  1706-7 ;  repulsed  James  Edward  thelPre> 
tender's  fleet,  1708 ;  conunanded  in  Mediterranean,  1708 ; 
commissioner  of  the  admiralty,  1709-18;  prevented  lop- 
plies  reaching  the  Jacot>ite  insurgents,  1715;  created 
baronet,  1715 ;  sent  to  the  BalUc,  1717;  admiral  of  tin 
fleet,  1718 ;  held  command  in  Mediterranean,  1718-2Q^ 
destroying  Spanish  fleet  off  Cape  Passaro,  81  July  1718; 
treasurer  of  the  navy,  1721-4 ;  created  Yisooont  Torriur- 
ton,  1721 :  first  lord  of  the  admiralty,  1727-33.  [vUL  115] 

BTHO,  JOHN  (1704-1757X  admiral :  fourth  too  of 
George  S^fug.  viscount  Torrington  [q.  v.]  ;  entered  the 
navy,  1718 ;  commanded  a  frigate  in  the  Mediterranaaii, 
1727-36,  sdecting  the  easy  post  of  guardship  at  Port 


iriB,  WILLIiM  (1(38MKJ),  .  . 
TiQji;  (vguilit  (4  Linralij,  1A03  ;  joliit-DrgKnlit  of  ti.117 
C^^  n«jml.  1MB  ;  ^nntffl  monopoty  of  iwiiLng  priDtad 
luiK  and  mn»jc-D^ier.  isre  ;  publUlHd  ■Cuntlona  .  .  . 
-    e.' Iirs  :  Und  dUhi  " 


■^  MS.  ua).  [TiU.  lie] 

ITKinE,  ASNE  FRANCES  n7?»-llBn.  Bowr  wid 

Mt  ;^(« :  tUHt  OUKhtcr  ol  William  Bfme  [q.  (.] ; 

oUlutfd  at  tlH  RiiTil  Asvlemy  noil  Elwwbne  In  Ijhi- 

*■.  ITM-lfOl.  CtIU.  1!7; 

nsn,   OHABLES  (ITU-nUk  Iibh  giant:   e<- 

ItD  :  bH  ^dHcni  93]  incbo  ill  length.  [TiU.  1»] 


rod,  im-tM:  1 


!l<|.T.]:  boolt-Ul. 

t  uie  HcFFiU  Acadnny,  17W-IS4H 
[yIU.  1 
Iriibmni 
k  In  ■  Dublin  Ui 


,   S1ILE3  (17ao-lM9),  1: 


taja<~,m»-t:  Und  mialj  in  FnriiL  [tUL  1971 
mmt,    06CAan7M?-l8B7X  ballK-maaWr ;    ^ 

jwi :  oiplfljal  In  Ijiolon.  1AHMI7.  CtUI.  isS'i 

ITXn,     WILLLAM     (17ti-l«0t),    landiHsipG  en- 

»T*WM,   THOHAS  JOBEPH  (IBCO-IBSB),  preDter 
-*  "^      ilud :   b«n  In  QnmiiUnd  :    &A.  ud   LL.B. 
■  CniTmht;:   aUsd  t-   "~  ' —  '-  t"-'"-|" 


Ikt  o(  Ice<t1atl<r?  sounril,  ami  fOUdtor  iBnnml,  ISSO; 
prims  minlitcr  of  IJuwniliuid,  ISdS.  [Buppl.  L  Ht] 

BTBXSTAK,  BtRXSTAK,  orBIOBJiBTAK(if.OU>, 

blBbop  ol  V"     ■     ■  ....   —  -..--  ".. 1  .1.- 


Wlnc 


HF'' 


:  perhapa  monk  at 


lomb.  IIW.    [>IH.  1»] 
BTSOK,  JOHN  (lflBa-17M 
CaUff!P,  Oambriilfe. 
d«!l7  li 
bii  f boTthand '  HTKlem   print 


14:   U-.i..  1711;  ttodlBl  nteOlclii* 

_. ,. .  _.  .   taught  •bortiand  in  tCancbatcr 

{where  be  i^ldall;  lirsl),  London,  and  Oambrldge;  (ac- 
ceded to  Htata.1740;  c<ipyrj|ebl«d  bki  iFStem,  174S  ; 
a  JacobLte;  bii  fborthand  HTnlem  printed^  17A7:  bla 
TCTMft  coUutcd  and  nabll»h0i,  1773|Uid  hiidlaTT  priutal, 
lew-r.  [irili.  1«1 

BTKDir,    OEOBOE  OORDON,   tilth   BaRON  (17W- 


ISW),  p 


KottlogluutiBblTe.  17 
Brtb  Earl  of  OarliEli 

17»a.aDd  Ion  rene 


la,  by  bin  «,«.1 


liebt,  Ato'rdw™! 


■FiiiritlrePi™.'» 


:  altemalely  petted  aiid 
anmmai  •cbDol.17M.-i ; 


frtm      rtflt  of  Nnvt^Lct  Abbn, 
..oftfie 


poaed   to    Uary 


It  kM^  low  oompany 

obaneery  belne  Inade- 
OUB     h  a  ctkl«T  colk^ 


flewen'  (IrtOK).  wh 
m  Uebon  to  Oadii ; 


itUHl    £1  gUah  Bards  and  SeoUh 
m  Oadii.  Tlaltiug  Glbral- 


lo  TIjensB  UjkcH.  tilfl  buatca'fl  liaughtcT ;  aailed,  i  ' 
1910)  from  Atbena  to  Smyrru^  B|A<aua,  tbe  ' 
Bwimming  tbe  Helleripout  13  May).and  Conataotii 


illEIXTbutwM  re(K 


KTob.  1HI3:  pr'ipwil  a^ln  to  Ulea 
,ber  1=14;  umrrioi  ber  *  Jan.  1816; 
il  unni?  of  N«'l.  April :  made  bis  will, 

;  frequentnl  tbe  tbestir  tmij  tbeatrloal 


■  ■0Ii[|i1p  Hamld,'  c 


AphJ  in]«,  wbom  be  la 


a  tluiucloU   (1SUg-lS7S), 
D  BiTeani  Bnil  BDlagna. 

Visited  by  TbMau*  Koont.  to  wbom  he  entnutsJ  kiifl 
•DtoUcisiipliy  (tnmt,  IfJ  IMty.  lollawed  to  Uiveniu 
UieODiinteieUiilocloU,irbDbiid  ntonieil  to  ber  biubuid. 
leifi :  wroW  miiDb  «falh  M  Hinmiu,  the  hulk  of  bt*  work 
miulitlngor  dtBmu  (bcgiiirlDK  with  'Uulno  Fsliim,' 
April-JolT  1890):  If'sa  with  Oountai  OuImIoII  nlPtoi. 

'Don  Jium';  MtrOd  »'  short-lived  iirwsiBner.  •The 
LLheraL'  with  Leigb  Hunt  u  editor.  Id  wbliA  he  prlnlad 
hie  'VliioD  ot  JodgniEiit.'  a  pnem  uthiiiog  Soiithey'i 
Bheller,  issa;  -     •        -■  ■  ■   -       ....... 

Boneuta,  Umy 
In  OqihiloBli, . 

dhilwuled,  In  connqii 
PvbnufT ;  tried  to 
Uinalon^iJ :  dieil  of 


ilD  tbe  Onek  hi- 
m,  3aly:  linijErHi 

Imi' Moore]  ^'ww'w'pabl'iibrfrisas-B.    [yilL  1S»] 

BTKDK,  HBNKT  JAMES  (IHM-ISM).  dnmiUit; 
medlctkl  atndent  In  LondoD  and  Buxloa:  eppciared  on  Uie 
■U«\!  ;  brma  ta  «r1t4  (or  the  fttage,  f .  ISBO  ;  entmd  the 
Hldd\G  Teniric.  IMS:  joiut-iiuui>>«cr  o(  tbe  Pr^naHot 

Liverpool,  1607;  acted.  In  hit  own  pioi 
IHBB-fll  ;  minflBH  o(  Orllerlcnl  Tliootre, 

diicfd  B  number  of  fsroeB,  comaHir^,  uid 
^  lor  KotUoghuniblre,  1818-0 


It  lo  Loodon. 


(ought  at  Edgehin,  il  Ot*.lM;  mr 

lit  at  Rodndmr  Down  ud  Kewbi 
initi  fiyron  at  Hochdala,  Ootobsr  It 
ill   Uncubire:  defeated  at  Butwt 


ffomery*  IBH :  beiie^  In  Cbetter,  I 

IreUud,  Jano 

XTZtOr,  JOHN  C>TSS-1T«),  UTigmtar;  mMihlpman 
of  Uie  Wager,  UM ;  vrecked  oil  the  Chill  coairt,  1741 : 
Ballad  (rom  ValpandM,  I7-l<,  rwoblug  EngUod.  Pcbraai; 


ir  Pranire.  I7t7-«l ;  r 


nabllabeiC  a  ■  Nan 
ol    Newfoqnii1i.n, 

Oreiiado,17r».    '  [vlil.  IBl] 

BYKOK,  Hin  THOUAB  (it.  1C44>,  commander  ot  the 

B^tb.  H49 ;  wouMiHlhra Kuffle at  Oiford.  T  Dec.  IM, 
Slid  dieJ  of  the  woiiod.  [<Ui.  lU] 

BYBTH,  THOMAS  (im-lMi),  dlrtne;  quiker; 
dniggist'i  nppri^itici,  1800-U:  taoght  Khool;  entoel 
MaKilaicn  Hall. Oilori.l 818  :  Joined  tbeADglimii  ohnreh. 


inabtR.  IS!3-£ :  ] 
D.D.,  1939 :  publlDlial  lemi 
BYBSHX,    i 


il  ;  Imightal.ieei:  M.?.for 
itlilii'  tnntian  and  (lue)  I 
?t  HrAgmanlhDB.' 


aiiadliuf^ 


BTBBHX,  EDWARD  (Jl.  171)),  mi 

Ehiiubnl  '  TItc  Art  of  Ei«Ueb  Poetrr,'  ITOI ;  tranilnted 
uopbOD'l  ■  UemorabiUa,'  ITlS.  [vlU.  lU] 


OASBXUi, 


for  et  Albana,  ISiB,  and  for  Beaton,  IM 

CABOT,  SBBASTIAS  (U74-ItBT),  n 
map-niaker :  bom  In  Briilol ;  ton  ot  a  T 
Oabot,  or  Oaboto,  trading  at  UrlnEOI ;    IaV 


probably  did  not  accooipai 

of  Uaaflony  aztd  Gnlemie. 

map-maker  to  PeiOlnand  tlie  \,a^tni>^,  ^•'■'-l 

to  Bnglaud,  Ult ;  acoordlog  Co  Bilen,  wu 

BaUwlUiSlrThomBiPerte(Il]7)ooaT07agei 

wbloh  did  not  t*ke  plaoe ;  retdrued  to  Spain, 

nuiior  to  the  emperor  ™— '-  "    '"■"  •"=  ■ 

tbe  yarinUoo  of  &•  oc_, 

(be  Teoeciani  to  nod  blm  lo  aeck  ■  norOi- 


raipiojai  a 


■lefti^ed  to 


GABS 


186 


OADWALADB 


At  SevomkB,  S7  Jane :  entered  Soatbwark,  1  Jaly ; 
,  S  Jalj :  bdiewled  Baron  Soy  and  William 
-,  alwrifl  of  Kent,  4  Joly :  repolMd  at  London 
anuMBtied,   6   Joly;   withdrew   to  Rochester; 
afc  Qoeenboroogh  ;  mortally  woanded  at  Heath- 
UJaU.  [viiLin] 

JOH19  (17S4-1806X  antiqaary ;  educated  at 
■riiool :  linendraper  in  London  and  Dublin ; 
BngliBh  antiquities.  [viil.  174] 


or  OADDT,  LAURBNOB  (A  1583),  Roman 

■■ninarist;  edaoated  at  Trinity  College,  0am- 

h^wMn^  a  catholic ;  entered  Donay  OoHege,  1678 ; 

In  tbe  Tower ;  publicly  renounced  Catholicism, 

friar  at  Paris,  1588.  [viiL  174] 

am,  SALUSBURY  (lfi60?-17S0),  physician  ;  M.D. 
nWty  OoQ^ge,  Oxford,  1691 ;  physician  to  St  Bartholo- 
■ev^  Eoepital,  London,  1708-lu.  [tUL  176] 

^fi«T,T.  (<f.  909),  Welsh  prince:  son  of  Rhodri 
Uawr ;  he«n  to  reign  over  Oeredigiou,  877 :  said  to  have 
esaqoered  Powya ;  ravaged  Dyred  and  Brechdniog ;  sub- 
■dttal  to  Sng  Alfred,  886  ?;  his  territory  ravaged  by 
Amawd,  king  of  Gwynedd  894 ;  harassed  by  the  Irish 

[viii,  176] 


QADXLL  (d.  943X  Welsh  prince:  son  of  Arthvael : 
tort  of  Moigmnwg  and  part  of  Gwent :  rebelled  against 
tlK  WcBtfiaxons,  940 ;  kflled  by  the  Saxons.    [vlU.  176] 

tiA'nwT.r.  (ji,  1175X  Welsh  prince:  son  of  Gruff udd, 
tta  BOO  o(  Rhys ;  ruled  over  part  of  Oredigion  and  the 
vikeC  Towy,  1137 ;  captured  the  Norman  casUes  ou  tbe 
Torvy,  InrlndiTig  Carmarthen,  1146-7;  wasted  Kidwelly, 
lUS;  won  back  Oerediglon  from  Owain  Gwynedd; 
meraly  i«mm<i*h  by  the  Flemings  of  Tenby  In  an  ambus- 
csde;  made  pOgrimage  to  Rome;  became  a  monk  at 
ftnta  Florida.  [viU.  176] 

naiwt.T.  FRANOIS  (1891-1879),  Australian  explorer ; 
nUridpinan  in  tbe  Kut  India  Oompany'fe  service ;  served 
is  the  Otdnoe  war,  1840-1 :  captain  of  a  vessel,  1844  : 
■todtsi  steamboat  building ;  examined  the  month  of  the 
Harnv  rivCT,  1848 :  explored  Uie  Murray  and  its  tribu- 
tiriei  in  steamers,  1863-9;  squatter  on  tlie  Darling; 
Budcnd  by  his  crew  at  sea.  [viiL  176] 

CABm.,  JES6IB  (1»14-1884),  Persian  scholar :  wife 
of  ID  trmy  officer ;  kmg  resident  at  Peshawnr ;  published 
'Us  Orsvou*  a  novel,  1876 ;  wrote  on  Omar  Khayyam, 
1879 ;  died  at  Florence.  [viU.  177] 

OiOZLL,  ROBERT  (1788-1849),  Bdinburgh  pub- 
Biher;  entered  tbe  house  of  Archibald  Constable  &  Ck>., 
1W7;  partner,  1811 :  diss<dved  partnership,  18S6 ;  securel 
oopyrifbtof  Sir  Walter  Scott's  novds  18S7,  of  which  he 
iMsd  Kveral  editions.  [viii.  178] 

OAOKLL,  THOMAS,  the  elder  (1742-180S),  London 
pobliiher;  apprenticed  to  Andrew  Millar  in  the  Strand, 
17H:  partner,  1766;  took  over  the  business,  1767; 
retired,  1793;  alderman  of  Loudon,  179:;,  and  sheriff, 
MW-L  [viii.  179] 

GAOnX,  THOMAS,  the  younger  (1773-1836),  pub- 
IU» ;  son  of  Thomas  Cadell  the  elder  [q.  v.] ;  took 
ovor  Us  father's  busineBs,  1793,  and  carried  it  on  till 
Asth.  [viii.  179] 

OAIOLL,  WILLIAM  ARCHIBALD  (1776-1866), 
tnnlter;  educated  at  Edinburgh:  Scottish  advocate, 
ITN;  FJL&,  1810 ;  published  narrative  of  his  couUneutal 
'Journey,  1817-18,'  1890  ;  author  of  mathematical  papers. 

[vUi.  179] 

OADIKAV  or  GADYMAV,  Sir  THOMAS  (1690  ?- 
Ittl),  physician  to  Queen  Henrietta  Maria ;  M.A.  Trinity 
OoQ^ge,  Cambridge,  1609 ;  M.D.  Padua,  1630 :  catholic 
noiuaot«  16M ;  F.R.C.P.,  1630 ;  held  patent  for  distilling 
Mn>Qg  watcn  and  vinegar ;  wrote  medical  tracts. 

[viii.  180] 

CADOO  the  Wbb,  in  Wdsh  Oattwo  DiM)]-rrH  {d. 
NO?),  Wdah  saint:  son  of  Gwynllyw  Filwr,  lord  of 
OvynUwg  in  Glamorganshire ;  taught  by  Irish  ascetics  ; 
^wed  Rome,  Jemaalexn,  Ireland,  an<l  Scotland  ;  founded 
■te^Bod  school  of  Llancarvan, Glamorganshire ;  suffered 
■Br^idom  at  Beueventnm ;  commemorated  on  14  Jan. ; 
tt^faStA.  composer  of  proverbs,  triwlf,  and  fablra. 

[viii.  181] 


OADOOAV.    [See  also  Cadwoan.] 

OADOOAV,  OHARLBS,  second  Baron  Oadooav 
(1691-1776),  general ;  entered  the  army,  1706 ;  Berved  m 
Marlborougirs  later  campaigns,  and  in  Scotland,  1716 ; 
M.P.  for  Reading,  and  for  Newport,  Isle  of  Wight ;  suc- 
ceeded to  barony,  1726 :  general,  1761.  [viii.  186] 

OADOOAV,  HENRY  (1780-1813),  colonel :  educated 
at  Eton ;  entered  the  army,  1797  ;  gamed  rapid  promotion 
by  purchase ;  lieutenant-colonel,  1806 ;  aide-de-camp  to 
Wdlesley  in  the  Peninsula,  1808-10 ;  commanded  the  7l!tt 
Highlanders,  1810-11;  commanded  brigade,  1811-13; 
killed  at  Yittoria;  honoured  vrith  a  monument  in  St. 
Paul's.  [vUi.  181] 

OADOOAV.  WILLIAM  (1601-1661),  parliamentarian  ; 
went  to  Irelana,  1633 ;  captain  of  horse  there  before  1641 ; 
major  of  horse  In  Cromwell's  Irish  army,  1649  ;  governor 
of  Trim,  1649-61.  [viiL  182] 

OADOOAV,  WILLIAM,  first  Earl  Cadooan  ^676- 
1726),  general ;  cornet  at  the  Boyne,  1690  ;  served  in  the 
dragoons  under  William  III  in  Ireland  and  Flanderv  ; 
quartermaster-general  to  Marlborough,  1701-11,  and  pre- 
sent in  all  his  great  batUes  ;  colonel  of  the  dragoon  mri- 
ment.  called  *Oadogan*s  horse,*  1703-12;  brigadier-gene- 
ral, 1704  ;  M.P.  for  Woodstock  from  1706  ;  major-general, 
1706;  envoy  to  the  Spanish  Netherlands,  17U7-1U;  lieu- 
tenant-general, 1709-12 ;  lieutenant  of  the  Tower,  1709- 
1716 ;  took  Bouchain,  1711 ;  quartermaster-general  to 
Ormonde,  1712 ;  withdrew  to  Holland ;  ejected  by  the 
Jacobite  party  from  his  offices,  1712 ;  returned  to  London, 
1714 ;  restored  to  his  lieutenant-generalship,  1714 :  lieu- 
tenant of  ordnance,  1714-18 ;  colonel  of  Coldstream 
guards,  1714 ;  M  J>.  for  Woodstock,  1714 ;  envoy  at  the 
Hague,  1714-18  ;  second  in  command  against  Scotch  in- 
surgents, 1716-16 ;  created  Baron  Cadogan,  1716  :  governor 
of  the  Isle  of  Wight,  1716 ;  general,  1717 ;  created  Earl 
Cadogan,  1718;  negotiated  the  quadruple  alliance,  1720; 
commander-in-chief,  1722  [vilL  1H3] 

OADOOAV.  WILLIAM  (1711-1797),  physicUn;  B.A. 
Oriel  College,  Oxford,  1731 ;  M.D.  Leyden,  1787 ;  army 
physician;  practised  medicine  in  Bristol;  physician  to 
the  London  Foundling  Hospital,  1764;  M.D.  Oxford, 
1766 ;  wrote  on  medical  topics.  [viii.  187] 

OADBOS,  Saint  (</.  976  ?),  abbot  in  Lorraine ;  bom 
In  Scotland  of  noble  parents ;  brought  up  by  a  clerical 
kinsman,  Beanus,  at  lona ;  studied  at  Armagh ;  taught  in 
Scotland ;  travellel  from  Abemethy,  940?,  through 
Strathclyde  to  Winchester,  942  ?,  thence  to  Peronne,  948 ; 
anchorite  in  '  Sylva  Tbeorascensis ' ;  monk  at  Fleury,  944  ; 
abbot  of  Waarar,  near  Dinant,  946,  and  of  St,  Felix  and 
(948)  of  St.  Symphorien,  both  near  Metr.         [viii.  187} 

OADVAV  (6th  cent.),  Welsh  saint ;  fled  from  Brittany 
from  the  Franks  early  in  the  sixth  century ;  built 
churches  in  Wales;  abbot  of  a  monastery  on  Bardsey 
Iric.  [viii.  190] 

OADVAV  (</.  617  ?  or  634?),  semi-mythical  king  of 
Gwynedd  (or  North  Wales)  ;  fought  against  the  Angles  of 
Northumbria.  [viii.  190] 

OADWALADEK.    [See  C^kdwalla.] 

OADWALADB  (<f.  1172),  Welsh  prince;  son  of 
,  Gruff udd  ap  Cynan,  king  of  Gwynedd ;  with  his  brother, 

Owain,  conquereii  Meirionydd,  1121,  and  the  north  of 
;  Ceredigion,  1136-6;  granted  lordship  of  these  when 
:  Owain  succeeded  to  Gwynedd,  1137;  expelled  by  Owain 
I  for  slaying  (U4S)  Anarawd,  son  of  Grnffudd  of  South 

Wales  ;  to  avenge  himself,  brought  over  Danes  from  Ire- 
:  land,  who,  suspoct'.ng  treachery,  blinded  him ;  ransomed  ; 
,  driven  from  Meirionydd  by  his  nephews,  1146-8,  from 
I  Cenrfigion  by  the  brothers  of  Anarawd,  and  from  Anglesey 
I  by  Owain ;  fled  to  the  English ;  restored  by  Henry  II,  1167  ; 

inv.i(]ed  South  Wales,  1168;  resisted  Henry  IPs  third 
I  invasion,  1166  ;  buried  at  Bangor.  [viiL  190] 

OADWALADR  Casail  (/.  1590),  Welsh  poet. 

[viii.  191] 
OADWALADB  Yendioaid,  i.e.    the    Blbweo   (d. 
664  ?),  semi-mythical  king  of  the  Britons  ;  led  the  North 
and   Strathclyile    Welsh   in  their  struggle  against  the 
Angles  under  Oswiu  and  Penda ;  died  of  the  plague. 

[viii.  191] 


OADWAIiLADOR 


186 


GAIN 


GADWALLADOS,  ROGBR  (1668-1610),  Roman  ca- 
tbolio  martyr ;  edacated  at  Rheims  and  Vallad<did ;  catholic 
priest  in  Herefordshire,  1594;  arrested  and  executed, 
1610.  [vUi.  192] 

GADWALLOV.    [See  GiXDWAiiLA.] 

GASWOAV  (d.  1112),  Welsh  prince ;  son  of  Bleddyn 
ap  Cynvyn,  king  of  part  of  Gwynedd ;  attacked  Rhys  ap 
Tewdwr,  king  of  South  Wales,  1087,  but  was  defeated  at 
Llech^ ;  ravaged  Pyved,  1093,  but  was  driven  out  by 
the  Normans;  joined  OrufFudd  ap  Oynan,  king  of 
Qwynedd,  in  reoovering  Ceredigion  and  Dyved  and 
ravaging  the  BngUsh  border;  ravaged  Pembrokeshire; 
repulsed  William  Rufns's  invasion,  1097:  defeated  in 
Anglesey  by  the  Earl  of  Shrewsbury,  1099;  accepted 
Oeredigion  and  part  of  Fowys  as  a  fief  from  the  earl,  1100 ; 
joined  him  in  making  war  on  Henry  1, 1102 ;  restored  to  his 
territories  by  lorwerth  ;  driven,  1110,  from  Oeredigion  by 
his  nephews,  who  had  been  incited  to  attack  his  son  Owaln 
f6r  carrying  off  Nest,  wife  of  Gerald  of  Windsor  ;  deposed 
by  Henry  I ;  granted  Powys,  1111 ;  murdered  by  his 
nephew.  [vUL  192] 

OASWOAH,  also  called  Martin  (d.  1241),  bishop  of 
Bangor ;  styled  *  of  Llandyvai ' ;  abbot  (rf  Whitland,  Gar- 
marthenshire ;  named  bishop  of  Bangor  by  King  John, 
1215 ;  resigned,  1236,  and  entered  Dore  Abbey,  Hereford- 
shire. [vUL  194] 

OADTHAN,  Sir  THOMAS  (1690?-1651X  [See 
Oaoeman.] 

GJEDMOK  (corruptly  Oedmox),  Saint  (ft.  670),  poet ; 
entered  the  monastery  of  Streaneshalch  (Whitby),  when 
already  an  elderly  man,  between  658  and  680 ;  said 
by  Bada  to  have  been  an  unlearned  man,  who  recdved 
suddenly,  in  a  vision,  the  power  of  putting  into  English 
verse  passages  translated  to  him  from  the  scriptures ; 
generally  recognised  as  a  saint :  commemorated  on  11  or 
12  Feb.  The  name  Oeedmon  cannot  be  expUuned  in  Eng- 
lish, and  has  been  conjectured  to  be  Oeltio  (an  adaptation 
of  the  British  Oatumanns).  In  1655  Francois  Dujon 
(Franciscus  Junius)  published  at  Amsterdam  from  the 
unique  Bodleian  manuscript  long  scriptural  poems,  which 
he  took  to  be  those  of  Oeedmon.  It  is  now  generally  ad- 
mitted that  these  poems  are  of  at  least  two  dates,  the  first 
portion  (conUdning  versions  of  (Genesis,  Exodus,  Daniel) 
being  earlier  than  the  second  portion  (1.  the  fall  of  man  ; 
2.  the  descent  into  hell,  ascension,  and  second  advent; 
8.  the  temptation),  and  all  of  them  later  than  Ossdmon. 
Three  pieces  are  by  some  still  claimed  for  Otedmon  him- 
self :  1.  a  Northumbrian  version  of  Bseda's  Latin  para- 
phrase of  Csedmon's  first  song,  found  in  a  Cambridge 
manuscript  of  Bceda,  in  a  hand  possibly  of  the  eighth 
century  ;  3.  *  The  Dream  of  the  Holy  Rood,*  of  which  a 
fragment  is  found  in  runes  on  the  Rothwell  cross,  Dum- 
friesshire, and  the  whole  in  a  West-Saxon  manuscript  at 
Yeroelli ;  3.  the  fragment  on  the  temptation  and  tail  of 
man,  interpolated  in  the  version  of  Genesis  in  the  Bod- 
leian manuscript,  published  in  1655.  [vili.  195] 

OJEDWALLA  (d.  6S4),  also  spelt  Cadwalader  and 
Oadwallon,  king  of  Gwynedd  or  North  Wales ;  son  of 
Cadvan(<2.  617?  or  684?)[q.v.];  invaded  Northumbria, 
629 :  defeated  by  the  Anglian  king,  Eadwine,  and  driven 
to  Ireland:  in  alliance  with  Fei^  of  Mercia,  defeated 
and  slew  Eadwine  at  Hatfield,  near  Doncaster,  633 ; 
mercilessly  ravaged  Northumbria;  killed  Osrio  and 
Eanfrith,  Northumbrian  princes,  who  tried  to  recover  the 
kingdom,  634  :  defeated  and  slain  near  Hexhamiby  Oswald, 
nephew  of  Eadwine.  [viii.  201] 

OJEDWALLA  (6597-689),  king  of  Wessex  ;  expelled 
from  Wessex  by  King  Centwine ;  lived  as  an  outlaw  in 
the  forest  of  Anderida ;  met  Wilfrith,  c.  681 ;  ravaged 
Sussex,  and  killed  King  ^thelwealh,  685  ;  acknowledged 
king  of  Wessex,  686 ;  subdued  Sussex,  ravaged  Kent,  and 
conquered  the  Isle  of  Wight ;  resigned,  688  ;  baptised  at 
Rome  by  Pope  Sergius  I,  689 ;  died  at  Rome.  [viii.  201] 

GAEBLEOV,  LEWIS  or  (15th  cent.),  mathematician, 
theologian,  and  medical  writer  of  Oxfoxd.  [x.  128] 

OAEBNABVOH.    [See  Carnarvon.] 

0JB8AB,  ADELMARE  (d,  1569),  physician  ;  originally 
known  as  Cbbark  Adelmarb  ;  graduate  of  Padua ;  censor 
of  the  College  of  Physicians,  London,  1555 ;  medical  ad- 
viser to  Qoeen  Mary  In  1558,  and  subsequently  to  Queen 
EUxabeth.  [viU.  204] 


GiBSAB,  Sir  CHARLES  (1590-1642),  jadg«:  tfabd 
son  of  Sir  Julius  Caesar  [q.  v.] ;  entered  Magdalen  Col- 
lege Oxford.  1602;  fcUow  of  AU  Souls',  160ft-ll,  bf 
king's  mandate ;  M.A.,  1608 ;  entered  the  Inner  Tem|de, 
1611 ;  D.C.L.,  1612 ;  knighted,  1613  ;  M.P.  for  raetebiagky, 
Surrey,  1614 ;  master  of  chancery,  1615-39 ;  judge  of 
court  of  audience  and  master  of  the  foculties  from  before 
1626  till  death :  paid  James  I  15,000^.  for  the  nuiatenhip 
of  the  rolls,  1639 ;  died  of  small-pox.  [viii.  908] 

GJB8AB,  HENRY  (1562  7-1636),  dean  of  Ely ;  educated 
at  Oxford  and  Cambridge ;  withdrew  to  the  continent  as 
a  Roman  catholic ;  returned  and  recanted,  1588  ;  vicar  of 
Loetwithiel,  Cornwall ;  prosecuted  as  a  suspected  papbt, 
1584, 1589 ;  D.D.  Oxford,  1595 ;  rector  of  St.  Ohristopim^ 
le-Stocks,  London,  1596-7,  and  of  Somersham,  Hnntin^dioa- 
shire,  1597 ;  prebendary  of  Westminster,  1609-25 :  dean  of 
Ely,  1614-36.  [viii- 90S] 

0JB8AB,  Sir  JULIUS  (1558-1636),  judge ;  son  of  an 
Italian,  Cesare  Adelmare,  physician  to  Queen  Mazy  and 
Elizabeth  [see  C^bbar,  Adklmark]  ;  M.A.  Magdalen  Hall, 
Oxford,  1578;  entered  the  Inner  Temple,  1680;  LL.D. 
Paris,  1581 ;  D.C.L.  Oxford,  1584 ;  judge  of  the  admiralty, 
1584  ;  a  master  of  chancery,  1588-91 ;  MJP.,  Hdgate, 
1589,  Bletchingley,  1593,  Windsor,  1596  and  1601,  West- 
minster,  1607-11,  Middlesex,  1614,  and  Maldon,  1620-2; 
master  of  requests,  1591  (senior  master,  1600) ;  master  of 
St.  Katharine's  Hospital,  Loudon,  1696;  knighted,  160t; 
chancellor  of  the  exchequer,  1606 ;  master  of  the  roils, 
1614-36 :  wrote  on  legal  topics.  [viii.  204] 

0JB8AK,  JULIUS  (1656  7-1712  ?X  physician,  of  Ro- 
chester ;  composed  catches.  [viii.  207] 

OSSAB,  Sir  THOMAS  (1561-1610),  judge ;  brother  of 
Sir  Julius  Cesar  [q.  v.]  :  left  Merehant  Taylors'  Sobool, 
1578 ;  entered  the  Inner  Temple,  1580 ;  cursitor  baroo  of 
the  exchequer  and  knighted,  1610.  [viiL  207] 

OAFFnr,  Sir  JAMES  CRAWFORD  (1812-1888),  ad- 
miral :  entered  the  navy,  1824 ;  commander,  1842  ;  oo  the 
commission  which  adopted  screw- inropeller  for  navy,  1845 ; 
captun,  1847 ;  served  in  the  Baltic,  1854-5 ;  director  of 
stores,  1858-68 ;  rear-admiral,  1865 ;  K.C3.,  1868  :  admind, 
1877.  [ViU.  208] 

CAPPYN,  MATTHEW  (1628-in4),  general  (or  Ai^- 
minian)  baptist;  claimed  to  have  bec»i  expelled  from 
Oxford  for  nonconformity ;  farmer  and  baptist  minister 
at  and  near  Horsham,  Sussex,  his  native  place ;  several 
times  imprisoned  for  unlicensed  preaching ;  engaged  in 
platform  and  pamphlet  war  with  quakers,  1655-62;  first 
accused  of  Arianism,  1673 ;  local  churehes  and  the  baptist 
assembly  greatly  agitated  by  his  doctrinal  position,  1691- 
1701,  the  result  being  a  schism  in  the  OHinexion,  1701-4; 
wrote  polemical  tracts.  [viiL  2U8] 

GAHILL,  DANIEL  WILLIAM  (1796-1864X  Roman 
catholic  lecturer ;  educated  at  Carlow  College  and  May- 
nooth,  1816  ;  ordained  ;  teacher  of  mathematical  Bdenoes 
at  Carlow  College,  1825  ;  created  D.D.  by  the  pope ;  ke^ 
school  at  Williamstown,  1835-41,  and  at  Blackrock,  Dublin, 
1841-6;  journalist  in  Dublin  till  1859;  lectured  and 
preached  in  the  United  States  on  behalf  of  Roman  cathoUc 
Institutions,  1860-4  ;  remains  removed  to  Glasnevin,  1885. 

[viu.  210] 

GAILLAITD,  JOHN  (tf.  1810),  Indian  officer ;  arrived 
in  India,  1753 ;  in  constant  service  till  his  retirement, 
1775 ;  brigadier-general,  1763 ;  settled  at  Aston-Rowant, 
Oxfordshire ;  hon.  D.C.L.  Oxford,  1773.  [viiL  210] 

CAILLIN  (Jl.  560),  Irish  saint;  educated  at  Rome; 
recalled  to  stay  feuds  among  his  kindred,  the  Oonmaicne, 
of  Dunmor  (Connanght);  obtained  for  them  lands  in 
Roscommon,  Mayo,  and  other  counties  ;  at  Dunballe  con- 
verted to  Christianity  Aedh  dubh  (afterwards  called  Aedh 
finn),  son  of  Fergna,  king  of  Breifney,  received  Donbaile 
(now  Fenagh,  in  Leitrim)  from  Aedh  dubh,  and  built  a 
monastery  there ;  commemorated  on  13  Nov.    [viiL  211] 

GAIHIK  or  OAKIN,  Saint  (<f .  653) ;  of  the  race  of 
Cathaoir  M6r  of  Leinster ;  son  of  Dima,  a  noble,  and 
Cumman ;  an  ascetic ;  lived  on  Keltra  island  in  Lough 
Derg ;  reputed  author  of  glosses  on  the  119th  Psalm. 

[ViU.  212] 

GAIN,  RHTS  (16th  cent.),  Welsh  poet ;  named  from 
his  birth  near  the  river  Cain,  Merionethshire ;  wrote  omn- 
pUmentary  poems,  1570-1600.  [viU.  213] 


OAINNEOH 


187 


O 


or  GAraiOVB,  Sadtt  (d.  698  ?),  Irish 
■riat,  after  wboin  Kilkenny  (CHll-cainneth)  and  Oambos- 
kenitt,  in  SooUaod,  were  nuned ;  itodied  in  Wales  and 
Saitj;  lived  at  Olonard  Abbey,  Meath,  c  543,  and  soh- 
MQMUlly  at  Olaanerin,  Dublin ;  visited  Oolomlw  at  lona ; 
IoodAiI  Aghaboe  (Acbadh-bo)  Abbey,  Queen's  CkMinty, 
nKttee  before  677.  .  [▼iiL213] 

GAUD,  Sir  JAMSS  (1816-189SX  agricnltorist  and 
BOtlMr;  edncatpd  at  high  school  and  uniTersity,  Bdin- 
bank;  Banaged  a  fium  near  Stranraer ;  occupied  farm  of 
BtUtaaa,  near  Wigtown,  1841-60 ;  took  part  in  free  trade 
;  GommlBflSoned  by  Peel  to  report  to  govem- 
;  OB  agricultural  state  of  Ireland,  1846 ;  special  oom- 
of  'Ttmea*  to  inquire  into  distremed  state  of 
ipfailiuie  since  adoption  of  free  trade,  1860 ;  liberal  oon- 
■nativa  MLP.  for  Dartmouth,  1867-9 ;  toured  in  Canada 
sad  United  States,  1868-9,  and  published  *  Prairie  Fanning 
ia  America,'  1869 :  MJ».  for  Stirling  burghs,  1869-65 ; 
phmMfww»mT%  oC  royal  commission  on  condition  of  sea  fisheries, 
UiI-6 :  advocated  incteaaed  importation  of  cotton  frcHn 
latia,  186S:  endosure  commissioner,  1866-83;  senior 
BBiber  of  land  commission,  1882 :  03.,  1869 ;  F.RJ3., 
UM :  on  oommifflrion  to  inquire  into  Indian  famine,  1878- 
1879;  preddeot  of  Statistical  Society,  1880  and  1881; 
KjCBh,  1889;  bonoraiy  LUD.  Edinburgh,  1884;  privy 
ooancOlor,  1889 ;  director  of  land  department  of  board  of 
ifriealtiire,  1889-91.  He  published  numerous  writings 
OB  sgiicoltoxal  questions.  [SuppL  i.  366] 

CA2XD,  JOHN  (1820-1898),  principal  of  Glasoow 
UniFcnity;  studied  at  Glasgow  University;  llA., 
1M6 ;  boDorary  D  J).,  1860 ;  minister  of  Lady  Tester's, 
Uinbargh,  1847-9,  Errol.  Perthshire,  1849-67,  and 
Pirk  Church,  Glasgow,  1867 ;  professor  of  theology, 
Oiugow,  1861 ;  prindpid,  1873 ;  honorary  LLuD.  Edin- 
bugh,  1S84;  Gifford  lecturer  at  Glasgow,  1890-1  and 
ltt6;  published  works,  including  *  Introduction  to  the 
PUkMopliy  of  Beligion '  (1880).  [Snppl.  L  368] 

GAIBVCSOSS,  ALBXAKDER  (<l.  1701),  archbishop 
of  Glasgow :  a  dyer  in  Edinburgh  ;  parson  ctf  Dumfries  ; 
bishop  of  Breehin,  1684 ;  archbUbop  of  Glasgow,  1684-7  ; 
faiabop  of  Bapboe,  1693-1701.  [viiL  216] 

OAIEKCSOSS,  BOBEBT  (d.  1644),  bishop  of  Boss ; 

Cn  at  Oonrtorphine ;  abbot  of  Holyrood :  bishop  of 
1639,  holding  in  eommmdam  tlie  abbacy  of  Fern ; 
lord  high  treasurer  of  Scotland,  1628-9  and  1537-0. 

[vili.  216] 
OAISVSGH,  Saint  (J.  639  ?),  son  of  *  Sarran,  king  of 
Britain ' ;  faarasBoi  in  bis  monastery  by  his  brother.  King 
Idirig;  delivered  by  bis  conrin,  Mucertach  MaoErca : 
rttended  a  synod  at  Tours ;  bishop  of  Temhar  (Tara)  and 
the  elan  CNeU,  c.  604.  [vili.  2 16] 


I,  DAVID  (1645-1Z22V,  defender  of  Londou- 
teiy :  a  lawyer ;  advised  defence  of  town,  December  1688  ; 
■tnt  to  William  III  to  ask  help ;  commanded  regiment 
duiag  the  siege,  April- August  1689 ;  afterwards  recorder 
s«i  M J>.  for  Londonderry.  [vili.  216] 


JOHN  ELLIOT  (1823-1876),  economist ; 
edacated  at  private  schools ;  employ^  in  a  brewery  at 
Dngbeda ;  UJL.  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  1864 ;  professor 
of  political  economy,  1866-61,  and  at  Galway,  1869-66 ; 
Iritt  tmnuter,  1867  ;  proteeeor  of  political  economy,  Uui- 
verafty  OtOege,  London,  1866;  invalided,  1872;  hon. 
LLD.  Dublin,  1874  ;  pubUsbed  anti-slavery  tracts,  cco- 
Doeoie  treatises,  and  pamphlets  on  university  educatiou 
la  Ireland.  Cviii.  216] 

OAnUIS,  HUGH  McCALMONT,  first  Earl  Cairns, 
(181^-1886),  lord  chancellor;  educated  at  Belfast  academy 
sal  Trinity  OoUege,  DubUn  ;  B.A.,  1838 ;  barrister  of  the 
Xkldle  Temple,  1844  ;  migrated  to  Lincoln's  Inu  and  soon 
aeqolred  a  large  practice ;  M.P.  for  Belfast,  1852 ;  Q.C., 
1866;  made  his  mark  as  a  speaker  in  parliament,  1868: 
ttloniey-geueral  and  lord  justice  of  appeal,  1866  ;  created 
Bsroo  Oaims,  1867  :  Iwd  chancellor,  1868 ;  leader  of  the 
CQDservative  oppodtion  in  the  lords,  1869-74;  strongly 
oppoaed  disestablishment  of  Irish  church ;  lord  chan- 
oAor,  1874-80 ;  created  Earl  Cairns,  1878 ;  a  lucid  lawyer ; 
phOaothropist.  [vUi.  217] 

QAIXVS,  JOHN  (1818-1892),  presbyterian  divine; 
s<m  of  a  shepbenl ;  studied  at  Edinburgh  University : 
ILA..  1841 ;  honorary  D.D.,  1868 ;  honorary  LL.D.,  1884 ; 
cstoed  Presbyterian  Sec^sion  Hall,  1840 ;   studied  at 


Berlin,  1848-4 ;  licensed  preacher,  1846 ;  minister  of  Golden 
Square  Church,  Bcrwick-on-Tweed,  1846-76 ;  professor  of 
apologetics  in  United  Presbyterian  TheologicalHall,  1867, 
and  joint  professor  of  r^ystematic  theology  and  apologetics, 
1876;  principal,  1879;  Cunningham  lecturer  at  Free 
Church,  1877  and  1880;  preached  in  America  and  in 
many  Continental  towns  ;  pnblit<hed  religions  works  and 
translations  and  contributed  largely  to  periodicals ;  he 
wrote  the  article  on  Kant  in  the  '  Bncyclopsdia  Britan- 
nica,'  8th  edition.  [Suppl.  L  369] 

GAIRH8,  WILLIAM  {d.  1848),  philosophical  writer ; 
educated  at  Glasgow  ;  divinity  student  at  the  Anti-burgher 
College,  18UU:  minister  of  the  secession  church,  Johns- 
haven,  Kincardineshire,  1808-16 ;  professor  of  logic  in 
Belfast  Institution,  1816-48 ;  published  *  Treatise  on  Moral 
Freedom,'  1844.  [viu.  220] 

0AI8T0B,  BICHABD  (d.  1420),  theologUn  ;  ricar  of 
St.  Stephen's,  Norwich,  1402 ;  his  tomb  in  Norwich  sub- 
sequently a  place  of  pilgrimage.  [viii.  220] 

0AITHVE88,  Earls  of.  [See  SincimIir,  Sir  William, 
first  Earl,  14(H?-1480:  Sinclair,  Georok,  fourth  Eari., 
d.  1682 :  Slnclair,  GBORaK,  fifth  Earl,  1666  ?-1643  ;  Sin- 
clair, JAMK8,  fourteenth  Earl,  1821-1881.] 

GAIU8  or  KAY,  JOHN,  called  the  elder  (>f.  1480), 
translator  into  English  of  a  Latin  poem  on  the  defence  of 
Rhodes  (1480),  printed  in  Loudon,  1606.  [vUi.  221] 

GAIU8,  JOHN  (1610-1678),  schoUr  and  physician, 
caUed  John  Caius,  junior;  educated  at  Norwich,  and 
Gonville  HaU,  Cambridge  (fellow,  1633;  M.A.,  1635); 
studied  Greek  ;  went  to  Padua,  1539  ;  lectured  there  on 
Aristotle,  studied  medicine  imder  GiambattiBta  Montano 
and  anatomy  under  Andrd  Yesale;  MJ).  Padua,  1641; 
visited  the  great  libraries  of  Italy,  Fiance,  and  Germany ; 
lectured  on  anatomy  in  London,  1644-64 ;  resided  at 
Shrewsbury  (where  he  observed  the  '  sweating  sickness '), 
ai^  Norwich  ;  F.C  J*.,  1647  ;  physician  to  Edward  YI  and 
Mary ;  refounded  Gonville  HaU,  Cambridge,  1667,  and  was 
master,  1559-73  ;  dismissed  from  attendance  on  Queen 
Elizabeth  as  a  Roman  catholic,  1668;  published  under 
the  name '  Londinensis '  a  tract  claiming  for  Cambridge 
priority  over  Oxford,  1668  ;  edited  and  translated  Galen, 
and  wrote  on  medical  subjects  and  Greek  pronunciation. 

rviiL221] 

CAIUS  or  KEY,  THOMAS  (<l.  1672),  author ;  feUow 
of  All  Souls'  College,  Oxford,  1525  ;  M.A.,  1630  ;  registrar 
of  the  university,  1635-62;  prebendary  of  Salisbury, 
1659:  master  of  University  College,  Oxford,  1561-72; 
rector  of  Tredington,  Worcestershire,  1563-72  ;  defended 
the  priority  of  Oxford  against  John  Caius  (1610-1673) 
[q.  v.] ;  author  of  translations  into  English  and  Latin. 

[viii.  225] 

OALAH,  JOHN  (1758-1798),  composer  of  church 
music ;  organist  of  Newark-on-Trent,  1781-5,  and  of 
Peterborough  Cathedral,  1786-98.  [viiL  226] 

CALAMY,  BENJAMIN  (1642-1686),  divine ;  second 
son  of  Edmund  Calamy  the  elder  [q.  v.]  :  educated  at  St. 
Paul's  School ;  entered  Catharine  Hall,  Cambridge,  before 
1660 ;  M.A.,  1G68  and  fellow ;  D.D.,  1680 ;  incumbent  of  St. 
Mary,  Aldcrmanbury,  1677 ;  vicar  of  St.  Lawrence  Jewry, 
1683;  prebendary  of  St.  Paul's,  1686;  tried  to  obtain 
pardon  for  Alderman  Henry  Cornish  [q.  v.],  1686;  pub- 
lished sermons.  [viii.  226] 

OALAMY,  EDMUND,  the  elder  (1600-1666),  puritan  ; 
B.A.  Pembroke  Hall,  Cambridge,  1619:  known  as  a 
Oalvinist  ;  B.D.,  1632  ;  vicar  of  St.  Mary's,  Swaffham, 
Cambridge ;  lecturer  at  Bury  St.  Edmunds,  1627  ?-36, 
retiring  when  the  bishop  iuslatod  on  observance  of 
church  ceremonies :  lecturer  at  Hochford,  Essex ;  iucum- 
bent  of  St.  Mary's,  Aldcrmanbury,  1639-62 :  one  of  the 
authors  of  '  Smectymnuus,'  written  against  Bishop 
Joseph  Hall's  claim  of  divine  right  for  episcopacy  ; 
member  of  Westminster  Assembly,  1643;  presbyterian 
and  intolerant  of  Congregationalism  ;  opposed  Cliarles  I's 
trial  and  execution  ;  advocated  the  Re^tonition ;  com- 
pelled by  his  wife  to  refuse  the  see  of  Lichfield  and 
Coventry  ;  member  of  Savoy  conference,  1661  ;  ejected, 
1662;  imprisoned  for  unlicensed  preaching,  1663;  pub- 
lished sermons.  [▼»"•  227] 

CALAMY,  EDMUND,  the  younger  (1635  ?-1685), 
puritan  ;  eldest  son  of  Edmund  Calamy  the  elder  [q.  v.]  ; 
educated  at  Sidney  Sussex  College,  Cambridge,  1652-6, 


OAT.AMY 


188 


OALDEBWOOD 


and  at  Pembroke  Hall,  Cnmbndge,  1666;  MA^  1658; 
ordained  presbjterian  minister,  1658 ;  intruded  rector  of 
Moreton,  Eaaez,  1659-62 ;  withdrew  to  London ;  preached 
in  private  boases :  opened  meeting-houfle,  167S. 

[viiL280] 
OALAHT,  EDMUND  (1671-1783),  nonconformist 
biographer  ;  only  son  of  Bdmond  Gaiamy  the  younger 
[q.  T.]:  edacated  in  private  schools  kept  by  ejected 
puritan  ministers ;  studied  at  Utrecht,  1688-91 :  resided 
in  Oxford,  1691-S,  reading  in  the  Bodleian  and  preacliing 
in  meeting-houses  in  the  district ;  assistant  minister  to 
Presbyterian  congregation  at  Blackfriars,  1692-5,  and  at 
Bishopsgate,  1696-1708 ;  brought  about  a  public  presby- 
terian  ordination,  1694 :  presbyterian  minister  at  West- 
minster and  lecturer  at  Salters*  Hall,  1708-32 ;  visited 
Scotland,  1709,  and  was  made  D.D.  of  Bdinbnrgh,  Aber- 
deen, and  Glasgow;  visited  the  west  of  England,  1718; 
published  sermons  and  biographies,  including  an  *  Account 
of  the  Ministers  .  .  .  ejected  by  the  Act  for  Uniformity,' 
1702,  and  *  A  Oontinuation  of  the  Account,*  1727  ;  wrote 
an  autobiography  (printed,  1829).  [viii.  S81] 

CALAXT,  EDMUND  (1697 7-1765),  presbyterian: 
ddest  son  of  Edmund  Oalamy  (1671-1782)  [q.  v.]  ;  edn- 
(»ted  at  Westminster  School,  Edinburgh  University  (M. A., 
171 7X  and  Leyden;  assistant  presbyterian  minister  in 
London,  1726-49.  [viiL  285] 

OALOOTT.    [See  also  Oallcott.] 

OAIOOTT,  WELLINS  {fl.  1756-1769),  author  of 
essays  (published  1756),  and  a  treatise  on  freemasonry, 
1769.  [ViiL  285] 

OALCEAPT,  Sir  GRANBY  THOMAS  (1770-1820), 
cavalry  officer ;  younger  son  of  John  Galcraft  the  elder 
[q.  V.];  comet,  1788;  served  in  Flanders,  1793-5; 
knighted  for  protecting  the  Emperor  Leopold  at  Yilliere- 
en-Ooucbe,  1794 ;  aide-de-camp  to  Qeneral  Lord  Paget, 
1799 :  in  command  of  the  3rd  dragoon  guards,  1800-13 ; 
M.P.  for  Wareham,  1807-8 ;  served  through  the  Peninsu- 
lar war,  partly  in  command  of  cavalry  brigades,  1809-13 ; 
major-general,  1818.  [viii.  285] 

GALORAFT,  JOHN,  the  elder  (1726-1772),  politi- 
cian ;  son  of  the  Duke  of  Rutland's  election  agent  at 
Grantham ;  placed  by  the  Rutland  influence  in  the  pay 
office :  made  agent  for  several  regiments  by  Henry  Fox, 
lord  Holland,  paymaster-general,  1757 ;  deputy  oommis- 
sary-general,  1767-63;  made  a  fortune  as  army  con- 
tractor ;  deserted  Fox  for  Pitt,  1768  ;  M  J*,  for  Rochester, 
1768  ;  agitated  for  parliamentary  reform ;  bought  Remp- 
ston.  Isle  of  Purbeck,  1767,  and  Wareham,  Donet,  1767. 

[Tiii.  286] 

CALOEAPT,  JOHN,  the  younger  (1765-1831),  poU- 
Udan ;  eldest  son  of  John  Galcraft  the  dder  [q.  v.] ;  ' 
M.P.  for  Wareham,  1786-90,  1800-6,  and  1818-31,  for 
Rochester,  1806-18,  and  for  Dorset,  1881 ;  clerk  of 
ordnance,  1806-7  ;  paymaster-general,  182S-30  ;  a  whig ;  ; 
joined  tories,  1828  ;  voted  for  the  Reform  bill,  1831 ;  com- 
mitted suicide.  [viiL  237]       ; 

CALCOELAFT,     WILLIAM    (1800-1879),    hangman; 
successively  shoemaker,  watchman,  butler,  and  hawker ;  ' 
employed  to  flog  boys  at  Newgate ;  first  acted  as  hangman, 
1828:  appointed  hangman,  1829;  last  public  execution, 
26  May,  and  first  private,  8  Aug.  1868 ;  pensioned,  1874.      I 
^  [vlU.  238]      I 

OiCLDSOOTT,  JOHN  (1800-1840),  astronomer:  com- 
mercial agent  for  the  rajah  of  Travancore  at  Allepey, 
1882-6 :  director  of  the  rajah's  observatory  at  Trevan- 
drum,  1887-49 ;  author  of  meteorological  and  other  papers. 

[ViiL  238]      ' 

CALDEOOTT,  RANDOLPH  (1846-1886),  artist; 
educated  at  Chester  school;  early  showed  drawing 
talent ;  bank  official  at  Whitchurch  and  Manchester ;  ' 
settled  in  London,  1872  ;  drew  for  periodicals ;  made  his 
mark  as  a  book-illustrator,  1875  ;  designed  in  coloar  ; 
children's  books,  1878-85 ;  worked  for  the  *  Graphic  * ;  ex- 
hibited at  various  gaUeries.  [viii.  239]      ' 

CALDEOOTT,  THOMAS  (1744-1833),  blbliophUe ; 
educated  at  Winchester  ;  fellow  of  New  College,  Oxford ; 
B.C.L.,  1770 ;  barrister  of  the  Middle  Temple ;  collected  a 
fine  library  of  English  sixteenth-century  literature; 
printed  privately  Shakespearean  commentaries. 

[ViiL  240] 

OALDEE,  JAMBS  TAIT  (1794  7-1864),  author; 
educated  at  Edinburgh :  parish  schoolmaster  of  Ganisbay, 


Gaithuees ;  published  poems,  1842-6,  and  a  meritorious 
*  Sketch  of  the  . . .  History  of  Caithness,'  1861.  [Tiii-  241] 

OALDEE,  JOHN  (17SS-1816X  author ;  educated  at 
Abc»:deen;  secretary  to  the  Duke  of  Northumberland; 
librarian  of  Dr.  Danid  Williams's  Library,  London  ;  non- 
conformist minister  in  London;  helped  in  Thomas 
Percy's  edition  of  the  *  Speetator.*  [viU.  241] 

OALDEE,  ROBERT  (1650  7-1728),  Scottish  episco- 
palian ;  educated  at  Aberdeen ;  miidster  of  Neuthom, 
Berwickshire,  1689,  but  ejected  as  a  Jacobite ;  in  prison 
at  Edinburgh,  1693 ;  conducted  a  private  episcopalian 
chapel  at  Aberdeen  till  1707 ;  prevented  from  settling  in 
Elgin ;  conducted  chapel  in  Edinburgh ;  published  treatise^ 
in  defence  of  episcopalian  positions ;  reputed  compiler  of 
the  caustic  *  Scottish  Presbyterian  Eloquence  displayed,* 
1693.  [vUL  241] 

OALDEE,  Sir  ROBERT  (1745-1818X  admiral; 
entered  the  navy.  1759;  shared  in  the  prize-money  for 
the  Spanish  Hermlone,  the  richest  prize  on  record,  1762 ; 
commanded  ships  on  the  home  station,  1780-3 ;  fought  at 
the  battle  of  St.  Vincent ;  knighted  for  bringing  home  the 
despatches,  1797 ;  created  baronet,  1798 ;  rear-admiral, 
1799 ;  allowed  a  French  squadron  to  outuianoeuvre  him, 
1801 ;  came  upon  Yilleneuve's  fleet  off  Finisterre,  22  July 
1806 ;  neglected  to  engage  it,  23  July ;  dispersed  his  ships, 
and  had  to  fall  back  before  Ylllenenve,  9  Aug.,  leaving  Eng- 
lish coast  exposed  to  attack ;  recalled,  and  censured  for 
error  of  judgment,  1805 ;  admiral,  1810.  [viiL  242] 

OALDEEBAITK,  JAMES  (1769-1821),  Benedictine 
monk ;  priest ;  stationed  at  Weston,  Somerset ;  at  Bath, 
1809-17,  and  afterwards  at  Liverpool ;  publlfthed  contro- 
versial letters.  [vilL  243] 

OALDBEBAVK,  LEONARD  (1809-1864),  Roman 
catholic  priest  and  canon  of  Clifton ;  educated  at  Ample- 
forth,  at  Prior  Park,  Bath,  1829,  and  in  Rome;  priest, 
1832 ;  missioner  in  we»t  of  England  from  1888 ;  vice-presi- 
dent and  professor  at  Prior  Park,  1849-50.       [viii.  244] 

OALDEEOV,  PHILIP  HSRMOGENES  (18S3-1898X 
painter ;  bom  at  Poitiers ;  articled  to  civil  engineer  in 
England :  studied  in  Paris  under  Francis  Bdouard  Pioot; 
first  exhibited  Boyal  Academy,  1853 ;  R.A.,  1867  ;  keeper 
of  Royal  Academy,  1887.  He  was  regarded  as  the  leader 
of  the  *  St.  John's  Wood  school '  of  painters.  Among  his 
most  important  works  are  *  After  the  Battle,*  1862,  *  Her 
Most  High,  Noble,  and  Puissant  Grace,*  1866  (gold  medaL 
Paris,  1867),  and  'The  lienunciation  of  St.  Elisabeth  of 
Hungary,'  1891.  [Snppl.  L  871] 

OALDERWOOD,  DAVID  (1575-1650),  presbyterian 
apologist ;  educated  at  Edinburgh  ;  minister  of  Cralling. 
Roxbni^hshlre,  1604 ;  confined  to  his  parish  for  opposii^ 
Biithop  James  Law,  1608 ;  one  of  the  protesters  against 
James  Fs  church  measures,  1617;  personally  scolded  by 
the  king;  banished;  in  Holland,  1619-25;  pobliabed 
'The  Altar  of  Damascus,*  1621,  a  defence  of  preaby- 
terianism  :  and  an  expanded  Latin  version  of  it,  1623 ; 
minister  of  Pencaitland,  East  Lothian,  1640 :  one  of  the 
compilers  of  the  official  '  Directory  for  Public  Worship  * ; 
wrote  '  History  of  the  Kirk  of  Scotland '  (first  printed,  in 
an  abridgment,  1678) ;  published  controversial  tracts. 

[vUL  244] 

OALDEEWOOD,  HENRY  (1830-1897),  philosopher ; 
educated  at  Edinburgh  University  and  Theological  Hall 
of  United  Presbyterian  Church ;  licensed  preacher, 
1856:  published,  1854,  'Philosophy  of  the  Infinite,*  a 
criticism  of  the  agnostic  tendencies  of  Sir  William 
Hamilton's  philosophy ;  ordained  minister  of  Qreyfrlars 
Church,  Glasgow,  1856-68 ;  examiner  in  phUoeophy, 
Glasgow,  1861 ;  LL.D.  Glasgow,  1865 ;  professor  of  moral 
philosophy,  Edinburgh,  1868;  F.R.S.  Edinburgh,  1869; 
moderator  of  synod,  1880 ;  edited  *  United  Preabyterian 
Magazine ' ;  first  chairman  of  Edinbui^h  school  board, 
1878-7  :  published  philoeophical  works,  biduding  '  Evolu- 
tion and  Man's  Place  in  Nature,*  1893.       [Suppl.  L  373] 

OALDEEWOOD,  MARGARET  (1715-1774),  diarist ; 
tUe  Steuart ;  married,  1786  ;  withdrew  to  Bnunels,  1756  ; 
wrote  from  that  date  a  diary  and  narrative  of  events  in 
Scotland  (printed  1842).  [viii.  246] 

OALDEEWOOD,  Sir  WILLIAM,  Lord  Poltox 
(1660?-1783),  Scottish  advocate,  1687;  knighted  before 
1707 ;  lord  of  session,  1711.  [viii.  246] 


OAIiDIOOTT 

OlLIOaOTT,    ALVBBD  JAXBS  (IBU-IStT). 


d  [q.T.]:  eouducMl  It  Prius'  ol 
KtMi^TlMKCK,  IBM-MJ:    (BudDctor   lo    MlB  Ari,.- 

mjiMti  M  Roral  0^««  or  Hoaio  tnd  OulUtaaU  Bel  mu.i 
itf  Vwie,  ISMk-S ;  priBetpaJof  LotidDD  Oollt^of  TdQ-i.^ 

—  - — — '  giBm.  tSappL  L  I7i] 


[tULM 


But  ALBZ&KDKB  (IIU-IUS).  >1 
tlic   vUsmiog  of  SFrln^patuDt  IT 


OAUnrXLL,  ANDREW,  the  ■ 


Iiilhba 


H  AfluaanDcti  Id  L 

ini.iBd  in Uk Wgnlndln.  UO-t;  i 
——•*-'  tiK  lapnewMe  In  cbn  acuai  oi  . 
ITM :  ia  "-"— ~<  «■  leewwl  Iiludi  Rklion.  1 

aUDWZU,  Hn]IB|17U-17M),Ii1*]imui:  I 


OALLOOTT 


ppE«DC«,  Indol'i-.., . , 

1704;  wTDta  on  ircbmloglail  (nbjccB.  [rtU.  Sft] 

CALFEILL  lu  OALFIKLD.  JAMBB  (1»U  t-lMd), 
dliine;  at  BIOD,  IHO  ;  it  Klng't  Cellese,  OuBbrtdffe, 

XUi ;  mnoc  oC  Ohiln  Cburcb  idJ  BJJ,  LKl :  iwlar  of 
9L  Andrew  WBrdroM.  Londo 
F»nlX  1»«;    Udy  M.rpint 

q(  Co;i:h«'ter,  l»«*-TO ;  D.D..  1 

LsCIn  Terw  eod  ■  polnnlcal  tmct.       '  [niL  tM] 

CALaACW(ji.9i1l.    [SceQiLuiccB.! 

OALHOm,  FA.TBia)[(17t7-I7M}.  AmiTtcsii  BtUei: 
emftfimted  from  Intend,  17SB  ;eet(Je<l  'iKceeilteljLnPauk- 
eTlTinU,  VlrgtnU,  mad  Soutb  Gu-Dliiim ;  toagbt  iwidiiet 
ciu  IidUnt  end  egaliirt  tbe  BriUeb.  [tUI.  1M] 

OALXm.  JAMES  (ITH-uei),  eoatoter;  mailc. 
nuwloT  in  Loudon :  orguUit  of  Regent  ikjnue  Chnnb, 
Uny'e  Inn  Howl.  London.  T'lU.  9H] 

CALL.  BIB  JOHN  (1731-1801).  mlllUrr  engUmer ; 
ooit  u  fioiigxl  wltJi  BentemlD  Roblui  {d.  1711),  chid 
ai^ineer  to  tbe  Eut  Indie  Oampwif.  17B0 :  employed  In 
roiUIjliig  Fart  HL  Dirtil,  Cnmetli:.  17bl  ;  asmj  witll 
OllTC,  17et:   iztilet  eii^en  et  Fort  St.  DoTid.  17(1-7: 


r  ol  dlTtalw,  Oi- 
r,  iinrl  vcbdeecon 


lud.  Ilea:  bleb  • 


—  (Ofilieert,  I7lt> :  upt^n-Ueutenanl,  17 

-  -     --■  —  -'      "—-  -    -najor-gniere].    l- 


B  o)  Comwell,  II 


d,  And  trmnelebal  Iv^j  fitim 
lifl  poemi  printed,  IBSO. 

[TlU.»4] 
or   (d.  U7i).    [Stv  Livisu- 


;  RA.  QlMfDW.  18)7  , , _ 

todga  U^muT  SoedetT  to  Mediu:  joloid  E 
tetk  aad  iBOdnttd  liimtitl  Mcli  Society  (or  Fn 
te  i(  Soepel.  IMl :  eeuMlibed  talnuell  et  Ttnn 
IHl;  UHieeuAted  b4e1wp  of  TlnoeTrllv  u  medji 
Wip  o(  ]lalr».  1S77 :  imIiuA  Id  Temll  ?erdi 
ttqa-trnk,  ISU  and  1871,  end  bible,  1MB-S«: 
WNm,  Itf4:  pabUahed  'OompmUn  QnumD 
imb  lodiu  Family  ol  Laii«u«t^'  IBie.  lul 
nlDtaif  lo  Ujtorjof  TlnneTrtlj —'-'--     -■  -"■- 


CALLAVDZR,    JAM£3   (174t-1H3«}.     (Soe  Cm 
OALLABSSS,  JOHN  (•!.  IT8B).  Bcotclib  idniiml 


OJOLAWAY, 


St  Bertliolomew'a  Uge- 
IoudI  Gi^p^,  llU4,iuid 


WALTBB  (it.  IU1>, 

in  of  Oifor)  ban  HIE  to  lllH.  ud 

'  '   i;  Unc'i  Inetlolar.  lU8?uid 

ig  to  GeolTrey  o(  MoiiiDomb, 

m  BrittanyUH  CUtie  ortglnel  ot  tbe  Cbroniclc 

>Ueli  QaaOreT  in  iilwiil  to  UanilM&  '  Oeleoe,'  e  mli- 
nA«(orC^len(te.aUotif««),)iitii«.ln  tbe  butsid- 
U(in  U  tbi  liitlAeatli  otntari',  need  lor  OiConl,  Bale,  by 
'Umoei'^witoidT-WalUTBfOxftKd.'  White KennetU 
ttwisg  (be  iBtet  bat  eqiMl^  STOiieoin  Identlflotlan  ol 
Mai>,etylablm<Wblt«of  WalUngfoid.-  Belieomfr 
taeeeenlDMd  with  LUer  uchdeeanii  of  Oxford,  Weltd 
dContHOI,  IISI,  ud  Wlltcr  Uap.  IIH.        [iMIL  MB] 

ULRO  or  OAQX.  JOHN  de  (d.  1H3).  mlniitai  ol 


:  cbariflt«r  of  y 
oltbe  Boyml  Academy;  K^..  leiu:  numei 
OiLLtoiT,  Xt-au.  L^nT] :  knighted,  IMT  ;  ■ 
tbe  AtwdFniy,  1799  ;  exhibited  in  tl»  maiTi  £ 
Kapee,  1804-S4,  (oreLgn  leDdecapa,  1830-0, 
palntlngt,  1837 -w. 

CALLOOTT,    JOHN    WALL   (1766-1891), 

■HleiantHlnfUllM,  of  bL  lieDrgB-Ihe-Uarlyr.  I 

1783-6:     Uiu.    Sac    Oiford,    IIM:    orginlet 

Female  Orpb*ii«  Aeylom,  ""'  ■■""■  "-  "— 


a)7  [eee 
Ibileiet 


I  1800:  iKXorer  oi 


It  cbe  Hoyal 


OAT.TiOOTT 


190 


OALVERT 


utterly  insane ;  pabliahed  *  Mosioal  Qrammar,*  1806  ;  his 
glees  and  catches  pabiished,  1834 ;  some  of  his  manasoripts 
preserred  in  British  Maseam.  [viiL  S66j 

CALLOOTT,  MARIA,  IiADT(1785-184SX  author :  n4e 
Dondas ;  married  (1)  in  India,  Toomas  Qraham  (tf.  18S3), 
captain  R.N^  in  1809 ;  and  (S)  Sir  Aogostas  WaU  Oall- 
oott  [q.  v.] :  published  descriptions  of  her  sarround- 
ings  in  India,  Brazil,  Ohili,  Italy,  also  *  Little  Arthur's 
History  of  Bngland,*  1835.  [tUL  S68] 

CALLOOTT,  WILLIAM  HUTOHINS  (1807-1882), 
composer  ;  son  of  John  Wall  Oallcott  [q.  v.]  ;  organist  of 
Ely  Place  Ohapel :  composed  songs,  glees,  and  arrange- 
ments for  the  piano.  [yiii.  S58] 

OALLEHDXR,  QBORGB  WILLIAM  (1830-1878), 
sorgeon  ;  student  of  St.  Bartholraaew's  Hospital,  London, 
1849,  and  surgeon,  1871 ;  lectured  there  on  anatomy,  1866, 
and  surgery,  1878 ;  published  anatomical  treatises. 

[yiii.S69] 

CALLEHDES,  JAMBS  THOMSON  (d.  1803),  jour- 
nalist ;  prosecuted  for  a  pamphlet,  1793 ;  withorew  to 
America,  1794;  journalist  at  Philadelphia,  1794-«,  and 
Riohmood :  wrote  bitterly  against  the  first  three  preai- 
denU  of  the  United  States.  [viiL  869] 

OALUS,  ROBERT  (Jl.  1634X  serjeant-at-law:  of 
Oray's  Inn  ;  serjeant-at-law,  16S7  ;  published  law  tracts. 

[vUi.  260] 

CALLOW.  JOHN  (18S8-1878),  painter  of  landscapes 
and  sea-pieces  in  water-colours ;  studied  in  Paris,  1836- 
1844;  an  esteemed  teacher  of  drawing  and  painting  in 
London :  taught  drawing  at  the  military  academies  of 
Addisoombe,  1861-60,  and  Woolwich.  [viiL  260] 

CALTHOBPS,  Sir  HENRY  (1686-1637X  lawyer ;  of 
the  Middle  Temple :  counsel  In  political  cases,  1627  and 
1630 ,  recorder  of  London,  1636-6,  bv  king's  mandate ; 
attorney  of  court  of  wards,  1686 ;  knighted.     [viiL  260] 

OALTHROPS,  Sir  OHARLES  id.  1616),  Irish  lawyer : 
attorney-general  for  Ireland,  1688-1606,  emplcqred  in  mfe- 
guanling  crown  claims  on  forfeited  estates;  knighted, 
1604 :  justice  of  common  pleas  in  Ireland,  1606. 

[ViiL  261] 

CALVELEY,  Sir  HUQH  (d.  1898),  soldier:  oom- 
mander  of  free-lances  in  the  war  In  Brittuiy,  1341-64 ; 
fought  at  Auray,  1364  ;  served  with  Henry  of  Trastamare, 
1366,  but  left  him  and  joined  the  Black  Prinoe,  1367 ; 
wasted  the  county  of  Armagnac ;  governor  of  the  Otiannel 
islands,  1376-88;  deputy  of  Oclais,  and  fluting  the 
French,  1377-9;  governor  of  Brest;  a  commander  in 
Buckingham's  futile  invasion  of  France,  1380  ;  founded 
college  at  Bunbury,  Cheshire,  1385.  [viiL  262] 

OALYEE,  EDWARD  (^  1649X  puritan;  published 
metrical  pieces,  1641-9.  [vUi.  263] 

OALYEBLEY,  OHARLES  STUART  (1831-1884) 
poet  and  parodist ;  son  of  the  Rev.  Henry  Blayds,  who 
assumed  the  name  Calverley,  1862 ;  at  Harrow,  1846-9 ; 
athlete  and  writer  of  Latin  verse ;  schotar  of  Balliol  Ool- 
lege,  Oxford,  1850-2 ;  migrated  to  Christ's  College,  Cam- 
bridge, 1862,  feUow,  1858,  M.A.,  1869 ;  barrister  of  the 
Inner  Temple,  1865 ;  published  '  Verses  and  Translations,* 
1862 ;  translated  Theocritus,  1869.  [vilL  264] 

OALYEELEY,  HENRY  (1604-1661),  royalist ;  heir  of 
Walter  Calverley  [q.  v.] ;  fined  for  ddinqoency. 

[ViiL  265] 

OALYEELEY,  WALTER  (tf.  1605),  murderer,  whose 
tragic  history  was  widely  odebrated ;  squire  of  Calverley 
HaU,  Yorkshire ;  studied  at  Cambridge,  1679  :  forced  by 
his  guardian  to  marry  Philippa  Brooke;  by  gambling 
and  drink  brought  himiself  to  bankruptcv ;  murdered  two 
of  his  young  sons,  1605  ;  pressed  to  death  at  York  ;  sub- 
ject of  *  Miseries  of  Enforced  Marriage,'  1607,  and  '  York- 
shire Tragedy,'  1608.  [viiL  265] 

CALYEET,  CAROLINE  LOUISA  WARING  (1834- 
1872),  author  of  descriptions  of  Australian  scenery  and 
Australian  tales,  published  under  her  maiden  name,  Louisa 
Atkinson  ;  daughter  of  a  settler  in  New  South  Wales  : 
lived  on  the  rivers  Hawkesbury  and  Kurrajong ;  collected 
specimens  for  the  government  botanist ;  the  genus  Atkin- 
itmta  and  the  spo(^  (Bpaerit)  Oadvertiana  named  after 
her:  married  (1870)  James  Snowden  Calvert  [q.  v.] 

[▼UL  265] 


OALYEBT,  CHARLES,  the  elder  (1754-1797),  oiUta 
agent  and  amateur  painter.  [tUL  266] 

OALYEBT,  CHARLES,  the  younger  (1786-1851), 
landscape-painter;  cotton  merchant,  then  art-teacber, 
in  Manchester.  [viiL  266] 

OALYEBT,  CHARLES  ALEXANDER  (18S&-1879). 
actor ;  educated  at  King's  College  School,  London  ;  deric 
in  the  city;  appeared  on  the  provincial  stage,  1862; 
appeared  in  London,  1866 ;  stage-manager  at  Mancheafeer, 
1859 ;  staged  Shakespearean  plays,  1864-77.    [viiL  266] 

OALYEBT,  EDWARD  (1799-1883),  artist ;  midahip- 
man  in  the  navy ;  art  student  at  Plymouth  and  Londoo  ; 
friend  of  William  Blake ;  exhibited  at  the  Royal  Academy, 
1825-36 ;  engraver.  [viiL  267] 

I  OALYEBT,  FREDERICK,  sixth  Baron  Baltimorb 
(1731-1771),  a  rake ;  lived  much  abroad  :  the  title  extinct 
on  his  death ;  published  journal  of  a  *  Tour  in  the  Bast 
. . .  1768-4,*  and  Latin  verses.  [tUL  268] 

OALYEBT,  FREDERICK  BALTIMORE  (1798-1877X 
actor  and  lecturer  ;  son  of  Charles  Calvert  Uie  elder 
[q.  v.] ;  educated  for  Roman  catholic  priesthood ;  weat 
on  the  stage ;  published  '  A  Defence  of,  the  Drama,'  1824 ; 
travelled  as  a  lecturer  on  elocution  in  Qreat  Britain  and 
America,  1829-46;  lecturer  in  Edinburgh  and  Olaagow, 
1846-77 ;  published  treatises  on  elocution.        [viii.  268] 

OALYEBT,  FREDERICK  CRAGE  (18I9-1873X 
chemist;  resided  in  France  studying  and  praotiaing 
chemistry,  1835-46,  chiefly  under  Michel  Eugene  OheTreal ; 
chemical  teacher,  specialist,  and  manufacturer  in  Man- 
chester, 1846-78 :  died  at  the  Yienna  exhibition  ;  published 
scientific  papers.  [viiL  269] 

OALYEBT,  GEORGE,  first  Baron  Baltimork 
(1580?-1632),  statesman;  entered  Trinity  College,  Ox- 
ford, 1694 :  B.A.,  1597  ;  travelled  ;  secretary  to  Sir  Robert 
Cecil ;  clerk  of  council  in  Ireland,  1608 :  M.P.  for  Boa- 
sin^,  1609-11;  temporary  secretary  of  state,  1612-18; 
a  commissioner  to  investigate  Irish  grievances,  1613; 
knighted,  1617 ;  secretary  of  state,  1619-25 ;  a  poosioner 
of  the  king,  1620 :  M.P.  for  Yorkshire,  1621 ;  received 
large  grants  of  land  in  Longford  county ;  planted  a 
colony  (Avalon)  in  Newfoundland,  1621-8 ;  profened 
Roman  catholic,  1625 :  created  baron,  1625 ;  wintered  at 
Avalon,  162a-9 :  prevented  by  the  Ylrginia  Company 
from  planting  a  colony  south  of  the  James  river,  1629-81 ; 
obtained  a  grant  of  land  for  a  colony  (Marylaiul)  north  of 
the  Potomac,  1632.  [vliL  269] 

OALYEBT,  GEORGE  (1795-1825X  suigeon. 

[vUL  272] 
OALYEBT,    Sir   HARRY    (1763  7-1826X    general; 
entered  the  army,  1778 ;    served  in  America,  1779-81 ; 
prisoner-of-war,  1781-3:  captain,  1785;  aide-de-camp  to 
the  Duke  of  York  in  Holland,  1793-4 :  adjutant-general 
;  of  the  forces,  1799-1818 ;    major-general,  1803  :  G.C3n 
1815  ;    created    baronet,   1818 :    Ueutenant-govemor  ol 
'  Chelsea  Hospital,  1820 :  general,  1821 :  his  journals  pub- 
lished, 1858.  [vUL  272] 

OALYEBT,  JAMES  8N0WDBN  (1825-1884),  Austra- 
lian explorer;   emigrated,  1840;    joined  Lndvrig  Leich- 
I  hardt's  exploring  party,  1844-5.  [vUL  273] 

!  OALYEBT,  LEONARD  (<f.  1647),  governor  of  Mary- 
I  land ;  second  son  of  George  Calvot,  baron  Baltimore 
[q.  v.]  ;  planted  Maryland,  1634  ;  fought  with  Captafai 
Ulaybome,  a  prior  settler,  1635;  sent  out  to  Maryland 
with  a  new  commission,  1644 ;  finally  defeated  Claybome, 
1646-7.  [yUL  278] 

OALYEBT,    MICHAEL    (1770-1862),   author   of  a 
*  History  of  Knaresborough,'  1844  ;  druggist.  [viiL  274] 

I        OALYEBT,  RAI8LEY  (d.  1794),  sculptor. 

[viii.  266] 
OALYEBT,  THOMAS  (1606-1679),  puritan  ;  educated 
at  Cambridge  ;  preacher  in  York  minster  and  incumbent 
of  two  churches  in  York ;  ejected,  1662 ;  poblidied  ser- 
mons. [vliL274] 

OALYEBT,  THOMAS  (1775-1840X  divine;  caUed 
,  Thomas  Jackson  till  1819,  when  be  inherited  pix>peity : 
B.A.  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  1797 ;  fellow,  1798 : 
tutor,  1814  :D.D.,  1828  :  Norrisian  professor  of  divinity, 
1814-24;  vloar  of  Holme,  Yorkshire,  1822;  warden  of 
Manchester,  1823 ;  pablisbed  sermooa.  (vtU.  tZf] 


CAMBEIili 


191 


OAMEBON 


OAMBXLL  or  OAKPBBLL,  8m  JAMES  (IftTO-lMS), 
iroiunoag«r,  of  Jjoaion ;  alderman,  1630 :  lord  mayor, 
ItM ;  knigbfted,  16S0.  [tUL  375] 

,  OmALDUS   (1146  7-1220?).      [See 


Qi&AUitn.] 


E,  DcTKB  or  (1774-1850).  [See  Adolphus 


Earls  of,    [See  Lakolst,  Edward 

IMl-140t ;  Richard,  d.  1415 ;  Hamilton,  Jaiow, 
§nt  XARi,  1189-1626 :  Hamilton,  Jambb,  second  Sarl, 
lfe»-l«4a;  Hamilton,  Wiluam,  third  Earl,  1616- 
IffL] 

E,  JOHN  (d,  1335X     [See  Gaxtebrio, 


J08NDK.] 

CAMSBIDGB,  RIOHARD  OWEN  (1717-1802), 
Mrtfaor ;  educated  at  Eton  and  St.  John's  Oollege,  Oxford, 
1754;  altered  Idnoohi'a  Inn,  1737;  pablisbed  (latirical 
Toses,  17S2-6,  and  a  ^HlsUny  of  the  War  upon  the 
OoMt  of  Ooromandel,*  1761.  [viii.  276] 


r,  Marquis  of  (176»-1840).     [See  Pratt, 
John  JsrjPRBnrs.] 

Earl    op    (1713-1793).      [See    Pratt, 


Cha&ues.] 


C  id.  927).    [See  Oimrlliauc] 

GAKELFOXS,  first  Baron  (1737-1793).    [See  Pitt, 
Tboiusl] 

OAKSROM,  Sir  ALAN  (1753-1828),  of  Errach, 
RDcral :  Tolanteer  officer  In  America,  1775-82  ;  prisoner 
cf  war.  1782;  retamed  to  Scotland,  1784;  raised  the 
OB&eron  Higfalai^ers  (79th  regiment),  1794 ;  commanded 
It  in  Flanders,  1796,  and  the  West  Indies  1796  ;  llea- 
taaotrooloDel,  1796;  recruited  his  regiment,  1798 ;  com- 
anadel  it  in  Holland,  1799,  and  Egypt,  1801 ;  raised  a 
MODd  battalkm,  1804 ;  colonel,  1804 ;  commanded  the 
7>th  is  Denmark,  1807 ;  brigadier-general,  1808 ;  collected 
^  ctngglers  of  Sir  John  Moore's  army,  1809 ;  oom- 
■Badid  brigade  at  Talavera,  1809,  and  Busaco,  1810 ; 
pajBrnaeral  and  invalided  home,  1810 ;  K.O.B.,  1815 ; 
"  1819.  (TiiL286] 


WILLIAM   (1551-1623),    antiquary   and 
Ustoriaa ;  edaoated  at  Christ's  Hospital  and  (1564-6)  at 
St.  Paol'i   Scbocri ;    servitor    (apparently   to   Thomas 
Cooper,  scboolmaBter)  at  Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  1566  ; 
migrated  to  Broadgates  Hall,  and  afterwards  to  Christ 
Chorch  (perfaapa  as  servitor) ;  asked  grace  for  B.A.,  157U  ; 
left  Oxford,  1571,  having  been  exduded  from  an  All 
SnUs'  fellowship  by  the  catholic  fellows ;  began  to  travel 
ap  and  down  England,  probably  subsidised  by  Gabriel 
Goodman   (<f.    1601X  dean   of    Westminster,  collecting 
uthanlogical  material;   usher  of  Westminster  School, 
U76-i3 ;  appointed  head-nmster,  1593 ;  continued  in  vaca- 
tuKM,  1678-1600,  his  personal  tours  of  antiquarian  iu- 
nstigatioo:  published  *  Britannia,'  1586;  asked  grace 
tor  MJL,  June  1688 ;  prebendary  of  Salisbury  (though  a 
li^maa),  1689-1623 ;  publisbeii  a  Greek  gnimmar,  1597 ; 
Cbrenceox    king-of-arms,    1597-1623;  answered  in  his 
fifth  edition  of  *  Britannia,'  1600,  the  criticisms  (printed, 
U99)  <rf  Ralph  Brooke  (or  Brookesmouth)  [q.  v.]  ;  printed 
tiie  epitaphs  in  Westminster  Abt)ey,  1600 ;  pubUshed  cer- 
tain chrooictes  (being  some  of  liis  early  collections  for  the 
'Britannia 'X  *Anglica  ...  a  veteribos  scripta,'  Frank- 
fort, 1603,  containing  in  the  text  of  Asser  [q.  v.]  the  in- 
terpolation about  King  Alfred's  foundations  in  Oxford, 
*od,1606,  *  Remains  concerning   Britain';   issued    the 
itzth  (greatly    enlarged)    edition   of   *  Britannia,*   and 
printed  the  official  account  of  the  Gunpowder  plot  trials, 
1607;  named  a  foundation  fellow  of  Matthew  SutcliiTe's 
fleeted  ocdlege  at  (Jbelftea,  1610 :  offered  M.A.  by  Oxford 
CniTersity,  1413 ;  communicated  to  Thnanus  (Jacques 
Aa^oste  de  Thou)  his  manuscript  history  of  Elizabeth's 
rapi,  e.  10ij7 ;  published  •  Annales  .  .  .  regnante  Eliza- 
beths ...  ad  annum  1589,'  1615  [the  second  part  was 
poattd  postfanmoosly,  16^] ;    wrote  a  skeleton  life  of 
Jsaes  I  (printed,  1691) ;  founded  a  chair  of  history  in 
(Oxford  Uni verity,   16^;   memorial   verses,   'Gamdeni 
Inapua,'  |H-Jnted  after  his  death  by  Oxford  University, 
ISX;  hie  correspondence  printed   by  Thomas   Smitli, 
IttL  [viU.  277] 


CAKBBOV,  ALEXANDER  (1747-1828),  Roman 
catholic  prelate ;  educated  at  Home ;  missioner  at  Strath- 
aven,  1772 ;  rector  of  the  Scots  college,  Yalladolid,  1780 ; 
titular  bishop  of  Maximianopolis,  1798  ;  coadjutor-bishop 
in  Scotland,  1802,  and  vicar-apostolic  of  the  Lowlands, 
1806-26.  [Tlii.  286] 

CAXE&OV,  Sir  ALEXANDER  (1781-1860),  of 
Tnverailort,  general:  ensign,  1797;  lieutenant,  1800; 
served  in  Holland,  1799,  Denmark,  1800,  and  Egypt,  1801 ; 
captain,  1805 ;  served  with  distinction  in  Pminsnla, 
1808-18;  brevet  majw,  1811;  brevet  lieotenantHX>looel, 
1812 ;  served  in  Flanders,  1813,  and  at  Quatre  Bras  and 
Waterloo,  1815 ;  major-general  and  K.CB^  183& 

[viii.  286] 

OAMEBOK,  ARCHIBALD  (1707-1753),  Jacobite:  a 
younger  son  of  Lochiel ;  studied  medicine  at  Edinburgh 
and  Paris ;  practised  in  Lochat)er ;  acted  as  physician  to 
the  insurgents,  1746 ;  effected  the  escape  of  Prince 
Charles,  1746 ;  became  physician  to  a  regiment  in  the 
French  servioe :  arrested,  1753,  while  collecting  money  in 
Scotland ;  executed  at  London.  [viii.  287] 

OAMEBOV,  CHARLES  DUNCAN  (d.  1870),  British 
consul ;  army  officer,  184(^61 ;  served  in  SouUi  Africa, 
1846-7  and  1851-2;  political  agent  in  Zolnland  and 
magistrate  in  Natal ;  officer  in  the  Turkish  service  at  Ears, 
1855 ;  British  vice-consul  in  A;  ia  Minor,  1858 ;  consul  at 
Masflowah,  1862 ;  imprisoned  by  King  Theodore  at 
Ck)ndar,  1864,  an  act  which  occasioned  the  Abyssinian 
war ;  released,  1868.  [viU.  288] 

OAMEBOK,  CHARLES  HAT  (1795-1880X  jurist; 
barrister,  Lincoln's  Inn,  1820  ;  commissioner  on  law 
H(lmini8tration  in  Ceylon,  1831,  and  on  the  poor  laws, 
1833  :  law  member  of  the  Supreme  Council  of  India,  1835  ; 
employed  in  codifying  the  Indian  penal  laws ;  returned 
to  England,  1848 ;  retired  to  Ceylon,  1876.       [viiL  288] 

OAXE&OK,  DONALD  (1695  7-1748),  the  GsimJi 
Lochikl  ;  succeeded  to  chieftaincy  of  the  clan  Cameron, 
1719 :   reluctantly  joined  Prince  Charles,  1746 ;  aocomo 

emied  him  to  Edinburgh  and  Derby ;  wounded  at  Fal- 
rk,  1745,  and  Culloden,  1746 ;  attainted ;  escaped  with 
Prince  Charles  to  France,  1746 ;  commanded  regiment  in 
the  French  service.  [viiL  289] 

OAMEBOV,  SIR  DUNCAN  ALEXANDER  (1808- 
1888),  general;  ensign,  42nd  royal  highlanders,  1825; 
captain,  1833 ;  lieutenant-colonel,  1843 ;  served  in  Crimea, 
with  local  rank  in  Turkey  of  brigadier;  C3.,  1866; 
major-general,  1859 ;  commander  of  forces  in  New  Zear 
land.  1861 :  K.C.B.,  1864  ;  resigned  commission  and  re- 
turned to  England,  1865 ;  colonel,  1863  ;  general,  1874 ; 
governor  of  Sandhurst,  1868-75  ;  G.O.B.,  1873. 

[SuppL  L  379] 

OAMEBOK,  Sir  EWEN  or  EVAN  (1629-1719},  of 
Lochiel ;  a  hostage  in  the  hands  of  the  Marquto  of 
Argyll,  1641-7  ;  resided  in  Lochaber,  1647,  hunting  wolves 
and  fighting  the  Macdonalds ;  raised  his  clan  to  fight  the 
Commonwealth  forces,  1662;  submitted  on  honourable 
terms  to  Monck,  1658  ;  accompanied  Monck  to  London  ; 
received  at  Charles  ITs  court,  1660,  but  his  claims  dis- 
regarded ;  at  feu<l  with  the  Macintoshes ;  knighted,  1681 ; 
raised  his  clan  to  join  Viscount  Dundee,  1690 ;  retired  to 
Locbabo-  after  Killieorankie ;  submitted  to  William  III, 
1692 ;  sent  his  clan  to  join  the  Earl  of  Mar's  rising,  1714. 

[viii.  290] 

OAMEBOK,  GEORGE  POULETT  (1806-1882), 
colonel ;  cadet  in  the  Madras  army,  1821 ;  served  against 
the  Mahrattas,  1824-5 ;  served  with  Don  Pedro  in  Portu- 
gal, 1832-3  :  in  the  Persian  service,  1836-8  ;  in  the  East 
India  Company's  service,  1842-58  ;  published  travels  and 
memoirs.  [viii.  293] 

OAMEBOK,  HUGH  (1705-1817),  millwright;  intro- 
;  duoed  spinning-wheel  into  the  highlands :  designed  the 
I  first  barley-mill  north  of  the  Forth ;  built  numerous  lint- 
miUs  in  the  highlands.  [vUi.  293] 

OAMEBOK,  JOHN  (d.  1446),  bishop  of  Glasgow; 
probably  of  a  Midlothian  family ;  official  of  Lotibian, 
1422;  rector  of  Cambuslang,  Lanarkshire,  1424 :  secretaiy 
to  James  I  of  Scotland :  provost  of  Lincluden,  1426 ; 
keeper  of  the  privy  seal ;  keeper  of  the  great  seal,  1426 ; 
chancellor  of  Sootiand,  1426-39 ;  bishop  of  Glasgow,  1428 ; 
supported  the  royal  authority  against  the  aoclesiastical 
courts ;  envoy  to  the  eouncil  of  Basle,  1483,  to  Italy,  I486, 
and  to  England,  1437.  [viiL  298] 


OAMEBON 


192 


OAMFBELJi 


CAMEBOK,  JOHN  (1679 ?-l6S5),  theologian;  eda- 
Oftted  at  Glasgow ;  taught  Greek  and  Latin  at  Bordeaux, 
1000,  and  Sedan,  1603 :  sent  by  the  protectant  chnrob  at 
Bordeaux  to  study  diyinity  at  Paris,  Genera,  and  Heidel- 
berg, 1604-8  ;  protestant  minister  at  Bordeaux,  1608-17  ; 
professor  of  divinity  at  Saumur,  1618  ;  withdrew  to  Lon- 
don, 1680 ;  principal  of  Glasgow  University,  162S ;  hated 
for  his  subserviency  to  James  I ;  returned  to  Saumur, 
1683 ;  professor  of  divinity  at  Montanban,  1684 ;  wrote 
theological  treatises.  [viii.  896] 

OAUEBOK.  JOHN  (1784-1799),  presbyterian :  book- 
seller'fl  apprentice  at  Bdinburgh ;  G^radnated  M.A.  there ; 
minister  of  the  reformed  presbyterian  church ;  itinerant 
preacher  in  Ulster,  1760 ;  presbyterian  minister  at  Dun- 
luce,  1766-99 ;  published,  mainly  anonymously,  troitises 
of  a  unitarian  tendency.  [viiL  896] 

OAKEROH,  JOHN  (1771-1816),  of  Fasslefem,  colonel ; 
educated  at  Aberdeen :  ensign,  1793 ;  lieutenant,  1794 : 
served  in  HoUand,  1799,  and  Egypt,  1801;  major,  1801; 
lieutenant-colonel,  1808 ;  commanded  Gordon  Highlanders 
(93nd  regiment)  in  Holland,  1809,  and  throughout  the 
Peninsular  war,  1810-14  ;  killed  at  Quatre  Bras. 

[viii.  297] 

CAXE&OK,  Sra  JOHN  (1773-1844),  of  Oalchenna, 
general ;  educated  at  Eton  ;  ensign,  1787  ;  served  in  West 
Indies,  1793 ;  captain,  1794 ;  prisoner  of  war,  1794-7  ; 
served  in  West  Indies,  1797-1800:  lieutenant-colond, 
1807 :  commanded  battalion  of  9th  regiment  in  Portugal, 
1808,  Holland,  1809,  and  the  Peninsula,  1810-13 ;  colond, 
1814 ;  held  command  in  Canada,  1814,  and  Prance,  1816  ; 
K.OJB.,  1816 ;  major-general,  1881 ;  liaitenant-generaU 
1837.  [viiL  898] 

OAKXEOV,  JOHN  ALEXANDER  (d.  1886),  war 
correspondent;  bank  clerk  in  Inverness;  merchant's 
clerk  in  Bombay:  war  correspondent  in  Afghanistan, 
1878-80,  Natal,  1880-1,  ]Eteypt,  1888,  Madagascar,  Ton- 
quin,  and  Egypt,  1884 ;  killed  in  action.  [viii.  299] 

OAMEBOK,  JULIA  MARGARET  (1816-1879),  photo- 
grapher of  Gharles  Darwin,  Alfred  Tennyson,  and  Robert 
Browning ;  n4e  Pattle :  bom  at  Calcutta  ;  married,  1838, 
Charles  Hay  Cameron  [q.  v.] ;  came  to  EngUuvl,  1848 ; 
took  up  photography,  c.  1866  ;  retired  to  Ceylon,  1876. 

[viii.  300] 

CAHZROV,  LUCY  LYTTELTON  (1781-1868X 
writer  of  religious  tales  for  children  ;  daughter  of  George 
Butt  [q.  v.] ;  married,  1806,  the  Rev.  GhArles  Richani 
Cameron.  [viii.  300] 

OAMEROV,  RICHARD  (d.  1680),  covenanter ;  school- 
master and  precentor  at  Falkland,  Fife;  tutor  in  the. 
family  of  Scott  of  Harden ;  field  preacher  in  Dumfries 
and  Lanark  shires ;  went  to  Holland,  1678 ;  returned, 
1680;  joined  in  the  act  of  deposing  Charlets  II  at 
Sanquhar;  outlawed:  killed  in  a  skirmish  at  Aird's 
Moes,  Ayrshire.  The  *  Reformed  Presbyterians '  are  from 
him  popularly  termed  *Cameronians.*  [viii.  301] 


LOW.  VERNBY  LOVETT  (1844-1894), 
African  explorer :  entered  navy,  1867 ;  midshipman, 
1860 ;  lieutenant,  1866  ;  in  Abyssinian  campaign,  1868  ; 
employed  in  supm^eesion  of  slave  trade  in  East  Africa  : 
leader  of  Royal  Geographical  Socie^*s  expedition  to  aid 
Livingstone,  1873 ;  journeyed  from  Rahenneko  to  Unyan- 
yembe,  where  he  heard  of  Livingstone's  death  ;  proceeded 
to  Lake  Tanganyika,  and  the  sources  of  the  Zambesi  and 
Bih^  and  arrived  at  Katombela,  1876  :  commander  and 
C.B.,  1876  :  received  R.G.8.  gold  medal :  honorary  D.C.L. 
Oxford  :  travelled  in  Asiatic  Turkey,  1878  ;  accompanied 
Sir  Richard  Francis  Burton  [q.  v.]  to  west  coast  of  Africa, 
1888 ;  retired  from  navy,  1883  ;  published  tales  of  adventure 
and  accounts  of  his  travels.  [SuppL  i.  379] 

OAMEBOK,  WILLIAM  (1761-1811),  Scottish  poet; 
educated  at  Aberdeen :  minister  of  Kirknewton,  Mid- 
lothian, 1786 :  joint-editor  of  the  Scots  '  ParaphraAes ' : 
wrote  chiefly  didactic  verse.  [viii.  302] 

OAMIDGS,  JOHN,  the  elder  0736-1803),  organist ; 
<Aiorister  of  York  Minster;  partly  taught  by  Handel: 
organist  of  York  Minster,  1766-99.  [viiL  308] 

OAXZDOS,  JOHN,  the  vonnger  (1790-1869X  or- 
sanist ;  tac^fbt  by  his  father,  Matthew  Camidge  [q.  v.]  ; 
Ma8.Bac.,  1818,  and  Mus.  Doc.  Cambridge,  1819  ;  assistant 
organist  at  York  Minster,  and  organist,  1848-69 ;  pub- 
lished church  music.  [tUI.  WS] 


OAMIDGS,  MATTHEW  (1768-1844),  organist ;  son  of 
John  Camidge  the  elder  [q.  v.]  ;  chorister  of  the  Ohapd 
Royal:  assistant  organist  at  York  Minster;  organist, 
1799-1848  :  published  musical  compositions.    [viiU  803] 

OAMM,  ANNE  (1637-1706),  quakeress ;  nde  Newby; 
educated  in  puritan  surroundings  in  Loudon,  1640-7; 
married,  at  Kendal,  1660,  John  Aodland  (d.  1668^ ;  joined 
the  quakers,  1662,  and  preached  for  the  rest  of  bar  life, 
especially  in  Oxfordshire ;  imprisoned  at  Banburr,  16M ; 
married  Thomas  Camm  [q.  v.],  c.  1666.  [viii.  SOS] 

OAMM,  JOHN  (1601  ?-1666),  quaker  minister  ;  joined 
the  quakers,  1668 ;  came  to  London  to  interview  Orom- 
vrdl,  1664  ;  visited  Bristol  and  London,  1666 ;  published 
tracts.  [ViiL  304] 

OAMM.  THOMAS  (1641-1707),  quaker  minister ;  son 
of  John  Camm  [q.  v.] ;  imprisoned  for  not  paying  tithea, 
1674 ;  fined  for  unlicensed  preaching,  1678  ;  imprisoned, 
probably  for  preaching,  1680-6  ;  published  tracts. 

[VUL304] 

OAMMIN,  Saint  (d,  663).    [See  Caimin.] 

OAMOOKS,  GEORGE  (1666  7-1782?),  naval  ofBosr; 
of  an  Essex  family ;  born  in  Ireland ;  entered  the  navy, 
1683:  lieutenant,  1690;  served  in  the  ClianneL  the 
Mediterranean,  and  off  Spain,  1690-7  :  served,  chiefly  on 
the  Irish  coast,  1699-1712;  captain,  1702;  served  in 
Mediterranean,  1713-14 ;  convoyed  the  Spanish  army 
from  Sicily  to  Spain  on  his  own  responsibility,  1714,  and 
was  cashiered  in  consequence,  1716  ;  rear-admiral  in  the 
Spanish  service :  tried  to  bribe  English  naval  oflioers  to 
join  the  Jaoobite  party,  1718  :  defeated  off  Cape  Passaro, 
1718 ;  banished  by  Spain  to  Geuta,  1719.  [viiL  306] 

0AM0Y8,  THOMAS  de,  fifth  Barok  (<l.  1480^ 
succeeded  to  the  barony,  1372 ;  served  in  France,  c  1377, 
Scotland,  1386,  and  Spain,  1386  ;  removed,  by  Gloacestor^s 
influence,  from  the  court  of  Richard  n,  1388:  served 
against  the  Welsh,  1401 ;  envoy  to  Flanders,  1406,  and 
France,  1406 ;  commanded  left  wing  at  Agincoort,  1416 : 
K.G.,  1416.  [vilL  306] 

OAMPBELL.  ALEXANDER  (d.  1608),  bishop  of 
Brechin,  1666-16u8 :  made  bishop  by  the  Earl  of  Argyll, 
solely  that  that  nobleman  might  get  hold  of  the  estates 
of  the  see ;  never  consecrated,  though  he  sat  in  parlia- 
ment ;  studied  at  Geneva,  1673 :  acted  as  minister  at 
Brechin  after  his  return  in  1674,  and  was  frequently 
prosecuted  in  the  church  courts  for  neglect  of  duty. 

.  [viU.307] 

OAMPBELL,  ALEXANDER, second  E  vrl op  March- 
MON'T  (1676-1740),  younger  son  of  Patrick  Hume,  first 
earl ;  took  the  name  Campbell  on  his  marriage  with  the 
heiress  of  Campbell  of  Cessnock,  Ayrshire,  1697  ;  studied 
law  at  Utrecht :  Scottish  advocate,  1696  ;  lord  of  session 
with  style  of  Lord  Cessnock,  1704-14  :  M.P.  for  Berwick- 
shire in  the  Scottish  parliament,  1706;  advocated  the 
union  :  lord-lien  tenant  of  Berwickshire,  1716  ;  envoy  to 
Denmark,  1716-21  :  lord  clerk  register  of  Scotland, 
1716-33;  envoy  to  the  congress  at  Cambray,  1788; 
succeeded  to  the  earldom,  1724  :  a  representative  Scottish 
peer ;  opposed  Walpole's  excise  scheme,  1733.  [viii.  908] 

OAMPBELL,  ALEXANDER  (1764-1824),  miscel- 
laneous writer;  organiitt  and  music-master  in  Edinburgh, 
Sir  Walter  Scott  being  one  of  his  pupils ;  studied  m^- 
cine ;  published  tours  in  Scotland,  collections  of  Scottish 
songs,  musical  compositions,  and  verges.         [viii.  308] 

OAMPBELL,  ALEXANDER  (1788-1866),  founder  of 
the  *  Campbellites ' :  native  of  Antrim  ;  studied  at  Glas- 
gow, 1808 ;  followed  his  father,  a  secession  church 
minister,  to  the  United  States,  1809 ;  ordained  minister 
in  his  father's  sect,  181 1 :  prospered  as  a  farmer  :  allied 
himself  to  the  baptists,  1812 ;  quarrelled  with  the 
baptists,  1826,  and  founded  a  new  church,  called  *tfae 
Church  of  the  Disciples '  (popularly  *  the  Campbellitet ') : 
founded  for  it  Bethany  College,  West  Virginia,  1841 ; 
wrote  ttieological  tracts.  [vUL  SIO] 

OAMPBELL,  Sir  ALEXANDER  (1822-1898),  Cfekoa- 
dian  politician ;  taken  to  Canada  at  early  age ;  admitted 
attorney,  and  called  to  bar,  1842 ;  Q.C.  and  bencher  of 
Law  Society,  1866 ;  dean  of  faculty  of  law.  Queen's 
University,  Kingston  :  member  for  Cataraqui  of  legisla- 
tive council,  1868,  and  speaker,  1863 ;  oommissloner  of 
orown  lands,  1863-4  ;  privy  councillor  of  Canada,  1867: 
pottmatter-general,   1867-73,   1879,   1880,   and   188ft>7; 


OAMPBEIili 


193 


GAMPBEIili 


1K7;  leader  of  oonnnratiTe  oppodtion  in 
aenatc,  1873-8:  re«dver-ffeDef«U  1H78;  minister  of 
militi*,  1479  ;  mini«iei:  of  juitice,  1881 ;  K.O.M.O^  1879  ; 
lieotcnant>goTemor  of  Ontario,  1887-98.  {SapjO.  L  381] 


ANNA  MAOKKKZIB,  OocxTEflB  of 
Baitabbw.  anl  afterwaris  of  Arotll  (16S1 7~17U6  ?>, 
dat^tar  o(  CoUu  Mnckeuzie,  earl  of  Seafortb ;  nurried, 
1640,  AiBUDiler  Limlflay,  aftcn»-ardi  earl  of  Balcarre« 
id.  16MJL  aa  ardeut  royaUat ;  joined  her  hmband  in  ttie 
hi^blaodii.  1651 :  sold  ber  jewels  to  meet  debts  incurred  by 
her  h"*^*^  in  the  king's  caase,  1661 ;  aocompanied  her 
Yi«»i^irt  to  France,  16M;  i^vemem  to  ttie  Prince  of 
Dna«a  at  the  Hacnie,  1667-9 :  returned  to  France,  166U : 
m  liitoff  In  Rnpland  in  dLitressed  circnmstances,  1661 ; 
fvtaraedL  to  Scotland,  166S ;  received  a  pension  from  tlio 
CT««B,  1664 :  labonral  to  clear  the  Balcarres  etttates  of 
dett:  iiMnied,  1670,  Archibald  Campbell,  marquis  and 
•«^th  earl  of  AngjU  [q.  ▼.] :  impoverished  by  his  forfeiture, 
IMl;  impriflooed  at  StirlinfCt  1685,  but  released  after 
MtjVr*  czecotion.  [viiL  311] 

04MPBSLL,  ARCHIBALD,  second  Earl  of  Arqtll 
(4. 1511),  eUeet  son  of  Colin  CampbelL  first  earl  [q.  v.]  ; 
^ni»t'TrffH  to  the  earldom,  1493:  lord  high  chancellor  of 
SeotkuA,  1494 :  joint^Miministrator  of  the  lordship  of  the 
Mv,  1499 :  sappressed  revolt  of  islanders,  1504 ;  governor 
of  the  ArKTlIahire  islands,  1606  :  i^laiu  at  Flodden. 

[viii.  812] 

CAMFBSXX,  ARCHIBALD,  foarth  E.\rl  op  Argyll 

(4. 1558),  cUest  too  of  Colin  Campbdl,  third  earl  [q.  v.] ; 

gnfturtgii  to  the  earklom,  1530 ;  suppressed  rebellion  in 

izgjUstiire  islands,  1530 :  Imprisonai  on  charge  of  having 

proroted  tte  icbeUion  bv  oppresion :  joined  Huntly  aiMi 

otker  pern  in  taking  the  infant  queen  Mary  from  the 

aatody  of  the  Earl  of  Arran,  then  regent,  1643 ;  resUted 

tte  Karl  of  Lcnnex*B  descent  on  the  Clyde,  1544,  and  ob- 

triwl  a  grant  of  his  forfeited  estates ;  commanded  right 

«i^  at  Pinkie,  1547 ;  generally  opposed  the  aggreesiom* 

fl(  Henry  Till:  became  a  reformer;  entertainal  John 

Cmc  at  O^tte  Campbell,  Clackmannanshire,  1556 ;  signal 

tbeflnt  proteetant  engagement,  1557.  [viiL  313] 


ABGHTBALD,  fifth  Earl  of  Argyll 
(UI0-1573>,  ddest  son  of  Archibald  Campbell,  fourth 
ad  [q.  v.] :  styled  Loid  of  Lome  up  to  1558 ;  a  bearer  of 
ktn  Knox,  1556 :  joined  in  inviting  Knox  to  return  from 
Camrm,  1557;  rigned  the  first  protestant  engagement, 
IH7;  Horceeded  to  the  earldom,  August  1558;  supporteii 
tlK  qneen-regent  in  repressing  the  protestant  mob  at 
Perth.  May  1559,  but  joined  Lord  James  Btnart  ami  '  the 
krln  of  the  congregation '  in  signing  the  protestant  en- 
pfement :  prercnt  at  thedestruction  of  St  Andrews  Cathe- 
dnl,  Jnne  1559 ;  marcbeil  with  Lord  James  Stuart  against 
tte  qwen-regent  at  Cupar- Fife :  captured  Perth  and  Eiiln- 
bon^h;  brought  his  highlaiMleni  to  fight  the  French 
prrjoa  of  Leith :  askel  Elisabeth's  intervention,  1560, 
ia  return  for  a  promise  to  help  her  in  subduing  Ireland ;  a 
oommiMiooer  to  destroy  popish  monuments  in  the  west, 
1940:  received  Queen  Marr  at  Leith,  1561.  and  enter- 
Uiud  her  in  Argyllshire,  1563 ;  opposed  her  marriage 
vitb  Samley,  1565 :  foroeil  by  Queen  Elisabeth's  non- 
iatervvntion  to  nuke  his  peace  with  Mary :  privy  to  the  plot 
to  Buider  Damley,  1567  ;  anented  to  Mary>  marriage  with 
BochwdL  1567;  intrigued  to  deliver  Mary  from  Loch- 
lerea  Cbstle ;  aentenoed  by  the  general  assembly  to  do 
J^nsDoe  for  his  domestic  quarrels ;  Mary's  defeat  at  Lang- 
Aie  cusal  by  hia  half-hearted  support,  1668 ;  submitted 
to  the  reeent  Moray,  1569  ;  intrigued  for  Mary's  return, 
IM :  again  submitted  to  the  young  king  James  VI's 
pvty.  1571 ;  kxd  high  chancellor,  1573.  C^iU-  314] 

CAXPBXLL,  ARCHIBALD,  seventh  Earl  of  Argyll 
n»7f  ?-163H).  eldest  son  of  Colin  Campbell,  sixth  earl 
iq.  v.] :  socceeiled  to  the  earldom,  1684 ;  defeated  by 
HBBtly  at  Glenlivat,  1594;  imprisoned  at  Edinburgh, 
liM ;  reconciled  to  Huntly,  1603 ;  joined  Huntly  in  ex- 
tmniBating  the  Macgre(?oni,  1608  ;  embraced  Catholicism  ; 
nMoed  the  Clandonalili  of  Kintyre,  1615  ;  fled  from  his 
trutitan  into  Flandcrw,  celing  his  estates  to  his  son, 
J4It;  attainted  on-JMConnt  of  his  bdng  in  the  Spanish 
MniM,  1619 :  rcotoied,  1631 ;  returned  to  London. 

[vlil.  318] 

CAMPSEXX,  ARCHIBALD,  Marqttm  of  Argyll 
awl  ewhth  Karl(1596-1661>,  nicknam&l,  from  his  squint, 
'QiilmglM  Qromach  *  and  *  the  glaed-qred  marquis  * ;  eldest 


son  of  Archibald  Campbell,  seventh  earl  [q.v.]  ;  styled  Lord 
of  Lome  till  November  1638 :  fought  in  Kintyre,  1615 :  took 
over  the  estates  from  his  father,  1619  ;  privy  councillor, 
1636  ;  extraonlinary  lord  of  sesKion,  1C34  ;  summoned  to 
London  to  advise  Charles  I,  after  the  rene^-al  of  the 
covenant,  1638 ;  discovered  that  Cliarles  I  had  empowered 
the  Earl  of  Antrim  to  invatle  Kintyre  :  succeeded  to  tho 
earldom,  November  1688 ;  aocept»l  the  almlition  of  epi> 
scopacy  by  the  general  assembly.  1638 ;  rained  an  anny, 
took  Broilick  Castle,  and  encamped  ut  Stirling ;  nego- 
tiated the  peace  of  Berwick  between  the  Scots  and 
Charles  I,  June  1639 ;  nlicnatel  by  his  continual oppoeitiou 
to  the  king  from  Montrose ;  persumlel  the  Scottish  parlia- 
ment to  sit  in  defiance  of  the  king's  onier,  ami  to  appoint 
an  executive  committee,  1640;  ravagal  the  butils  of 
rojralist  nol>les  in  Perth,  Aberdeen,  aiul  Forfar  shires ; 
iniprisonal  MontroM  on  a  clmrge  of  slandering  him  to 
the  king,  June  1641 :  negotiated  with  the  king  at  Edin- 
burgh, SepteniFjer  1641 ;  fleil  from  Edinburgli,  alleging 
that  there  was  a  plot  to  arrest  him,  (Jirtolier  1641 ;  foroeil 
Charles  I  to  accept  the  terms  of  the  Scottish  parUament, 
November  1641 :  intriguel  to  prevent  Charles  from  getting 
hdp  from  Scotland,  1643  ;  aocompaniel  tlie  Scottish  army 
into  Englaiyl,  January  1644 :  sent  to  repress  Huntly 's 
northern  rising,  April,  and  the  Irish  invasion  of  the 
west,  July,  1644;  resigned  hto  commission,  having  beeoi 
out-generallol  by  Montrose;  surprioal  at  Inverary  by 
Moutmee,  and  tlie  C^mplwll  country  ravaged,  December 
1644 ;  routal  by  Montrose  at  Inverlochy,  February  1645, 
and  at  Kilsyth  in  August ;  recovered  his  Uifluenoe  after 
Montroee's  defeat  at  Philliphaugh,  September  1646 ;  ne- 
gotiated with  (Jlmrles  at  Newcastle,  May  1646,  and  at 
London  with  the  parliament,  June  1646 ;  became  head  of 
the  new  executive  committee  ami  invited  Cromwell  to 
Eilinburgh,  October  1646 :  enraged  at  the  execution  of 
(Charles  I,  joined  in  proclaiming  Charles  II,  February 
1650 :  consented  to  Montrose's  execution.  May  1650 ; 
joined  Charles  11,  but  did  not  obtain  his  confidence: 
set  the  crown  on  Charles  IPs  head,  January  1651 ;  vainly 
opposed  the  invasion  of  England ;  was  besieged  at  In- 
verary ;  submitted  to  the  Commonwealth,  August  1653  ; 
engaged  in  intrigues  in  London,  1656  ;  M  J*,  for  Abenleen- 
shire  in  the  Commonwealth  parliament,  1658 :  came  to 
Loudon  to  welcome  Charles  II,  1660 ;  charged  with  high 
treason ;  condemned  at  Edinburgh  and  executed.  May 
1661.  [ViiL  319] 

CAMPBSLL,  ARCHIBALD,  ninth  Earl  of  Argyll 
(d.  1685),  eldest  son  of  Archibald  CamptwU,  ntarquis  and 
eighth  earl  of  Argyll  [q.  v.]  ;  stylal  Lonl  of  Lome  till 
1668 :  travellol  In  France  and  Italy,  164K-9 :  a  far 
more  energetic  royalist  than  his  fatiier ;  captain  of 
Charles  II's  Scottish  lifeguani,  1650  ;  fought  at  Dunbar ; 
tried  to  raise  his  clan  for  Cliarles  II,  September  1660 ; 
joinel  the  highland  royalists,  1653  ;  quarrelled  witli  them 
and  withdrew  his  own  men,  January  1654  ;  was  excepted 
from  Cromwell's  act  of  pardon.  May  1654,  and  remained 
in  arms :  directed  by  Charles  II  to  make  his  peace  with 
Cromwell,  March  1665 ;  submitted  aooonllngly,  1655 ; 
suspected  of  plotting  a  royalist  rising,  August  1656 ;  im- 
prisoned at  Edinburgh,  1657-60 ;  well  received  at 
Charles  II's  court,  1660 ;  strong  efforts  made  by  Middleton 
to  involve  him  in  his  father's  fall,  1661 ;  supportel  by 
Laudcnlale;  imprisonal,  July  1661,  and  sentenced  to 
death,  August,  but  tlie  date  left  in  Charles  IPs  hands ; 
released,  June  1663  ;  sentence  of  death  recallal ;  rentorei 
to  earldom  and  heavily  burdened  estates,  1668;  Scottish 
privy  counsellor,  1664 ;  disannul  covenanters  in  Kintyre, 
1666 ;  hated  by  the  extreme  episcopalians,  who  accuseii 
him  of  favouring  the  insurgents.  1666  ;  commissioner  for 
quieting  the  highlands,  1667  ;  raised  a  miUtia  regiment, 
1670;  was  constantly  enjoined  to  repress  conventicles 
after  1671,  and  constantiy  urged  gentler  measures ;  ex- 
traordinary lord  of  session,  1674-80 ;  at  war  with  tlie 
McCleans  of  Mull,  1674-8 ;  ordered  to  disarm  and  secure 
highland  papists,  1679 :  ordered  to  send  his  highlandcrs  to 
be  quarteral  in  the  whig  districts ;  opposed  the  arbitrary 
measures  resorted  to  by  James,  duke  of  York,  then  high 
commissioner  for  Scotland,  1680:  strongly  oppo-^  tJie 
Scottish  test  act,  1681  :  imprisonel  on  a  oharKC  of  trea- 
son, November,  sentenced  to  death  and  hitt  e»«tates  for- 
feited, December  1681 ;  escaped  to  Londcm  aiui  to  Hol- 
land, 1683 :  in  treaty  with  the  Rye  House  conspirators, 
1683 ;  appointed  commander  of  the  descent  on  Scotland, 
April  1685  ;  published  dccUration  in  favour  of  Monmouth 
at  Campbdtown,  May,  but  was  not  joined  by  his  clan ; 

O 


OAMFBELL 

imteDDo  iHiiiiiei  In  le«l. 


Bdtabirgh.  ic 
[rlU.  B»] 


OAKPBZLL,  ABCUIBAI^,  flnit  Don  or  AJ 
(d.  1703X  rld»C  ion  of  ArcliLbilil  CtempbgU,  nlntl 
[q.  T.l :  gnnUd  milntcnasiv  out  of  Ihi^  f nrf eltol  cf 
c.  mi:  offend  to  n»i<t  bin  fatba-f  Invaaloo. 
bIM  to  obtain  rettoratlon  ot  bli  tiile  anJ  estat 
embruing  atboUdmi :  jobial  William  o!  QnDgc  i 

ln^8oottSlI™venlioii'MHarLDfArgj\Marel.ia88_: 

ud  Uu)-;  Boattlab  criv;  cam 


^'fil  toWU 


Btulon,  ItH ;  cnaKd  Duke  o(  ArgjlU  Ji . 

[vtU.  fl!8] 
OAKPBBIL,  ABCHTBALD  (d.  IJ«(.  blpbnp  of 
Abetdeen  :  uM  to  bjiTg  MkLii  part  ia  ATgyU'd  Inruloii, 
lUa:  wltJidrevr  to  Barlcam  ;  a  rigid  noajnrar  on  Uij 
Rtam  ;  fngoentlj  InmrlKinf^ :  cvuscoratal  bii^bop  by 
UineiJKlal  ScoCtiali  bliliom,  1I1I;  r«idal  la  Lomlou; 
ntgaCiital  lor  Uiean)—  -•  ■'  -  — ■ ■-"•■  "■-  "— i- 


OAMFSELL,  OOLIN,  ttiird  EARL  i>F  Alicvu.  (*. 
U3U),  eldnt  UD  of  Arclilbald  OmnpbelL  second  art 
[C|.  T.] ;  luccHdel  lo  Die  (nrldom.  ]Iia  :  /niBtratcd  Itm 
pluu  ol  Donijd.  lort  ot  the  IflcH,  lHS-17 :  b««iM  tte 
cblel  pawa  Iti  tbe  weat  hlgiilaodi;  one  of  the  ooDocil 
of  re^Enoy,  laHB  ;  took  Jjunee  V's  ricle  ngnlmt  tbo  nooit 
Angm.  l&n :  mode  beredltarj  BberllT  of  Ai^jlUhln 
and  bero^Ltarj  jonlSclary  ;  lord  jnBlicf-goi^K].  Istfi. 


lUcctfd  ui  annj,  bnt  cue 
llor.  It19:  a  pramoteT  at 
jiplicBttd   In  tW  'raid  et 


onlnrl 


of  Aberdeen.  ITll,  bill 
SI,  uid  formed  a  BeroT^tf 
cd  IbeoloeLcal  traele. 

[vIlL  aSD] 
-  ...-.,  ABOHIBALD  (16KI-17S0),  Omologlan  ; 
eauHiea  at  Bdlnbnrgh  lod  CJlMgow:  inlnlflep  of  Lor- 
beit,  iriS:  ■  pblloeoplii^^Bl  trntise  by  liimKlf  pablUbBl 

ohnrob  tilntory  itBL  Aodre^B,  1780  ;  pdbliJlwd  Ibeologl- 
o>l  treatiK&  [tIU.  StO] 

OAXPBZLL,  AROIIIUALD,  ililid  Duke  of  Annvi.]: 
(lMI-i;61),  joanrtr  n..ii  «f  Arehlbald  Osmpbell,  flr« 
doke  (q.  t.]  :  rtyled  Ltr.!  An'IptbnW  OBmpbell  till  1701 ; 
alnoated  Hi  EiDD  and  Olugow;  itodled  lnv  at  Ulneht ; 
eened  ander  lUarlboroogb :  lord  hlgfa  trauacer  of  Bool- 
Und,  noB  ;  promoted  the  nnloa :  Dn>t<d  Mrl  of  laliy, 

ordloary  loid'of  ««lon,  17MT|utloe-gcneril,iriD:  lord 
regliter  of  Bmtlud.  1711 ;  nlaed  Ainltil^n  for 
Geonre  1,  17l(  ;  toDgbl  St  Sberlffmnlr,  '""  "  '■ — " 


0  oTertbrow  Morton,  lira ;  ■ 


OAJIFBZLL,  OOLIH  < 


OAXFBELL.  I 

aaUa;  pubtlibed 


4-17:8),  tbeiriaglsD :  sUi- 


Hi  Tlnenr  BID, 

_ ,._.  .--.    it-gaieiml,    IBll; 

uUng  goreiDOTor  OlbrolUr,  Igll-U.  [tULM] 

OOLIN  tl77fl-lM7).  p 


..   .     „_. ._  ar  John  If oore'i  campaign. 

1808 ;  Uentenant-oolooel.  IBOa :  oomntandid  Portiignmi 
Kfliiiait,  1810,  and  PortogaiH  brigade,  1811-14  :  colonel. 

\eU^M;  oommaudsl  ngimenl  In  iDdla,  IMl 
DnnneM  ™r;  took^  Bangoon,    nay 


■aocecded 

II  til*  peciagB.  Mti;  ootsiiKd  by  mi — , 
be  eilatM  ani  loidiblp  of  Uitae :  cisted 


[TiU.  Ull 

OAKFSZLL,  DANIEL  (more  correctly  DONAJJ>> 
(18e^t71s).  divine:  educated  at  Aberdeen  and  Bdln- 
burgh ;  M.A,  Aberdeen.  lfiB6 ;  mlnliter  of  QlaBsar/, 
Arnyllnhlre,  1B>1-I7!t:  publlibed  'SuinuDsnEa]  Medlta- 
Uont,'  1098,  and  other  devntlonid  works.  t^llL  IH] 
DANIEL  or 


■  of  p. 


.LD  (wru-ijH), 

a  •aocaafdl  Qlae- 
boiigbt  Stiavfldd, 


ox,     DONAUJ     (it     IMS),    KdlMiaiUc; 

.     .^ D  of   AicUlxld   Campbell,  (KOdd   earl  al 

AiZTl  [q.  *-] :  ibboc  Dl  Oag*r-ingai,  191B  til)  deatli : 
^ '■^d'  tbc  JirlT^  ttal ;  lord  of  Kflbin,  1&41 ;   prlv; 


L'S.ra 


uiM  (iJai-iBta), 

;  ODDipUidBaKiW  of  the 
^_r— —  >~>'>~—  [vAi.911] 

OAXPBKLL,  OBOROE  (in«-17H).  tbeotsglui ;  edu- 
BBdu  Allailm)  w>l  KUnborgb :  mlDiiterof  Bunabory 

priKipil  (rf  Ksrixdnl  Ooiiege,  Aberdoa.  17Bg-«t.  ind 


tllOolrtii[q.v 

__. _._ii  profflnce*,  18"  '  — 

I  of  Gl»«atle)  lUlo.  lasB;  lerval  1 
anployed  by  Locd  OuidIeik,  goterno 


:  D.O.L.  I 
-^  -.  1871-1;  K.O^.L, 
r  KirkaUy,  ie7t-«3.     H>>  worb 
h*dCBUioiiIo(7c4  IiidU,'UU.  [Sup^LIBl] 

OUmtU,  OBOROB  DOUOLAS,  rlebtti  Dmci  or 
4MTU.  (Un-MOO) ;  iiu'WHlul  bin  bniUw,  Jobu  Hcnrjr 
n.im),«  KuiiBtosf  Lonw,»I7:  pabUab^  wrltingi 
•rfutaf  ts  tli«  Mnitrle  Id  obnnh  of  aootlwid.  18U-a ; 
"HIM  to  .t-i-A-n  laiT.  F.R^I»1:  idiucelkiT  of 
et.  Aadnn  UnlnnitT.  lUl  l  lord  notor  of  OUwow 
ColTmltT,  1W4:  pn^on  gf  Roiid  BoiMj  of  I^d- 

sa 


s&s; 


-t:  poMnwiUiNeBienl.  18 

for  India,  IMS-Tf.ud  ada, 

,    >I  (rlHidibip  ID  Ddgiiboaibw  lUtsi, 

i*]  poUcj  (<  ■  demteBlUM^m ' :  oppoalUrry  goT 

BI'i  poGcT  la  EuMnI  qnnttoi,  uiil  bi  Afi^bKnti 

Wl-m-.  niTTMd,  IBW-IiomuialbDinenili!. 

IW;  K.t,  inei  IM3.I-.  Oifotd,  1870;  K.G, 
'""'         '  ''        ludnmal  Kbool  In  g«ld^,  a 
b  tbi  Tousgn  eralutlDDia  ic 


[Bnppl. 

r  (iTse-iMt).  ouior-etDe 

ID  et  OOlln  CWmpteU  (ITH-ISU)  Iq.     ' 


OAXPBEU,    HARRIETTB    (1S1T-1UI).  i 


lb  privy 
'slmngli' 


idllor,  171)8 ;  lonl-lleat*niiBt  of  Ajnililre, 
.»^^«„w  SbprilfmiUr,  171A;  frrqiitnEI;  lord  biiFli  K^nu' 
mlaUoner  to  Uie  gmeral  mMembljF  af  the  Wrk  ol  Scot- 
iMd.  [vlll,  303] 

OAKPBELL,  Bin  ILAY  (n»-181S).  of  SuccDtb, 
Bomtiih  lodg* ;  ndvoata,  I?tT  :  enpnged  on  lbs  Ekwglu 

1783;  lonl  idTDiBtiN  1781:  M.F.  for  Okatran  burgbi) 
17M:  lord  pnldBit  of  tbe  mun  of  awilou,  i;m-180S, 
itylaJ  Lant  SuDcoUi ;  crmud  baronet,  18UB :  pnbllibal 
Scota  law  repona.  [tUI.  sau] 

OAKPBELL,  Bm  JAUES  (1S70-IM9).     [See  Cah- 

OAKPSKLL,  SIR  JAMBB  (lfi67-17U).  at  I^o-vn, 
Beucml ;  Heulenant-colonel  of  Ibe  Booti  (ireya,  17US ;  at 
Malplaquet,  170fl;  polonel,  1717;  M.P„  Arnibire,  i;s7  ; 

I  at  lliTtUnff 


uemi,  17411;  knlgbtod  a1 
atoj,  174fi,  ^ 

R  JAMBB  (Uea-lSU).  o: 


major-geDei^  llfuH  ;  lleateniuit-gBie- 
idr  gf  tbe  Ionian  iaUDrU,  1911-la; 
18.  [yili.  3e(] 

R  JAMBS  (17tl-lBJ9),  of  AnlUugtnH  ; 
Uallimdcr  {d.  1789)  [q.T,'-  •" '-  "■- 


OAMPBEIili 


196 


OAMPBEIili 


to  be  quartered  on  the  west-coantry  whigs,  1678 ;  made 
war  on  the  heir-male,  who  claimed  the  Caithness  peerage, 
1680;  obtained  the  earldom  of  Breadalbane,  when  the 
privy  Goondl  decided  against  his  claim  to  the  Caithness 
peerage  and  estates,  1681 ;  privy  cooncillor,  1685 ;  sab- 
mitted  to  William  III,  September  1689;  employed  to 
bribe  the  highland  chiefs  to  submit  to  William  III,  1690- 
1691 :  contrived  the  massacre  of  the  Maodonalds  of 
Qlencoe,  1693 ;  encouraged  a  French  invasion,  1707  ;  half- 
heartedly joined  Mar's  rising,  1716,  but  withdrew  after 
Sheriffmnir.  [viiL  866] 

OAKPBELL,  JOHN,  second  Dukb  or  Arqtll  and 
Ddkb  op  Greenwich  (1678-1748),  eldest  son  of  Archi- 
bald Campbell,  first  duke  [q.  v.] ;  entered  the  army,  1694 ; 
served  In  Flanders,  1708:  succeeded  to  dukedom  of 
Argyll,  1708 ;  a  prime  agent  in  bringing  about  the  union, 
1706 ;  created  Earl  of  Greenwich  in  the  English  peerage, 
1706 :  served  with  much  distinction  in  Flanders,  1706- 
1709  :  lieutenant-general,  1709 :  developed  bitter  luwtility 
to  Marlborough,  1709 ;  ambassador  and  commander-in- 
chief  in  Spain,  1711 ;  commander-in-chief  in  Scotland, 
1712 ;  violently  opposed  the  proposed  malt  tax,  1713 ;  took 
a  leading  part  in  proclaiming  George  1, 1714  ;  sent  to  sup- 

{iress  Mar*s  insurrection,  1716 ;  collected  troops  at  Stir- 
ing,  secured  Edinbui^h,  and  repulsed  Mar  at  Sherifl- 
muir,  1716 ;  crushed  tlic  revolt,  January  1716 ;  deprived 
of  his  offices,  1716  ;  restored,  1719 ;  created  Duke  of 
Greenwich,  1719 ;  helped  to  remove  Scottijih  opposition  to 
the  malt  tax,  1736 ;  field-marshal,  1736  ;  defended  Edin- 
burgh city  from  the  indignation  of  the  court  after  the  Por- 
teous  riot,  1787 ;  began  violently  to  oppose  W^alpole,  1738 : 
deprived  of  his  offices,  1740  ;  restored,  1748,  but  speedily 
resigned.  [viU.  369] 

OAKPBSLL,  JOKN  (1708-1776X  miscellaneous  writer : 
Iawyer*s  clerk  at  Windsor ;  highly  successful  as  a  profes- 
sional man  of  letters  in  London :  LL.D.  Glasgow,  1764  ; 
agent  for  Georgia,  1766-76 ;  contributed  much  to  histori- 
cal and  biographical  series,  and  edited  books  of  traveL  His 
chief  works  are*  Military  History  of  Prince  Eugene,*  1736, 
*  Travels  of  a  fictitious  *  Edward  Sevan,*  1739,  '  Lives  of 
the  Admirals,*  1741-4,  and  *  Political  Burv^  of  Britain,' 
1774.  [ViiL  373] 

CAMPBELL,  JOHN,  third  Earl  of  Brkadalbank 
(1696-1788):  educated  at  Christ  Church,  Oxford ;  styled 
Viscount  Glenorchy,  1716-63:  envoy  to  Denmark,  1718; 
K.B.,  1726  :  M.P.,  Baltash,  1787  and  1734 ;  ambassador  to 
Russia,  1731 ;  M.P.,  Oxford  aty,  1741 :  master  of  the 
jewel  office,  1746  ;  succeeded  to  the  earldom,  1762 ;  Scot- 
tish representative  peer,  1768 ;  D.C.L.  Oxford,  1766 ;  a 
chief-justice  in  ejrre,  1761-6 ;  vice-admiral  of  Scotland, 
1776.  [viii.  376] 

OAMPBXLL,  JOHN,  fourth  Earl  of  Loudoun 
(1706-1788),  only  son  of  Hugh  Campbell,  third  earl 
[q.v.];  entered  the  army,  1787;  suooeaied  to  the  earl- 
dom, 1731;  Scottish  representative  peer,  1734-83;  go- 
vernor of  Stirling  Castle,  1741 ;  supported  George  II  in 
the  highlands,  1746-6;  commander-in-chief  in  America, 
1766  ;  superseded,  1768 ;  second  iu  command  in  Portugal, 
1768 ;  general,  1770 :  fond  of  forestry.  [viii.  376] 

OAMPBSLL,  JOHN  (1763-1784X  lieutenant-colonel ; 
ensign,  1771 ;  lieutenant,  1774 ;  served  in  America,  1774- 
1780 ;  major,  1777 ;  lieutenant-colonel,  1781 ;  in  India, 
1783;  defended  Mangalore  against  Tippoo  Sultan,  May 
1783-January  1784.  [vUi.  376] 

OAKPBELL,  JOHN  (1780  7-1790X  vice-admiral;  ap- 
prenticed to  the  master  of  a  coaster ;  midshipman,  1740 ; 
sailed  round  the  world  with  Anson :  lieutenant,  1746 ; 
captain,  1747 ;  in  constant  service,  1747-79 :  rear-admiral, 
1778;  vice-admiral,  1779;  governor  of  Newfoundland, 
1788-6.  [viii.  377] 

CAKPBELL,  JOHN  (1766-1840),  philanthropUt ;  a 
founder  of  the  Scottish  Keligious  Tract  Society ;  advocated 
Sunday  schools,  lay-preaching,  Magdalene  societies,  and 
abolition  of  slavery ;  minister  of  an  independent  congre- 
gation, Kingsland,  London,  1808 ;  inspected  the  London 
Missionary  Society's  stations  in  South  Africa,  1812-14, 
and  1819-81 ;  published  accounts  of  his  travels. 

[viii.  378] 

OAKPBELL,  Sir  JOHN  (1807-1866),  general ;  only 
son  of  Sir  Archibald  Campbell  (1769-1843)  [q.  v.] ;  en- 
sign, 1881 ;  lieutenant,  1834 ;  aide-de-camp  in  Burmah, 


1884-6 ;  captain,  1886 ;  civil  servant  in  Burmah,  1886-9; 
aide-de-camp  in  New  Brunswick.  1831-7;  lieiiteiiant> 
colonel,  1840 ;  baronet,  1843  ;  commanded  brigade  in  Uie 
Crimea,  1864;  major-general,  1864;  killed  before  ttat 
Eedan,  1866.  [viiL  378] 

OAKPBELL,  JOHN,  first  Baron  Campbkll  (1779- 
1861),  lord  chancellor ;  son  of  the  minister  of  Cupar- Fife; 
attended  arts  classes  at  St.  Andrews,  1790,  and  divinity 
classes,  1794 ;  private  tutor  in  London,  1798 ;  wrote  fbr 
the  press ;  entered  Lincoln's  Inn,  1800 ;  parliamentary  and 
law  reporter ;  read  law  in  chambers,  1804 ;  barriatar, 
1806 ;  quickly  acquired  a  profitable  praotioe;  K.C.,  18S7; 
employed  on  commission  on  law  of  real  property,  18IS- 
1838  ;  M.P.  for  Staffoid,  1830  took  a  leading  part  In  tlM 
Commons  in  matters  of  law  reform ;  solicitor-general, 
1888 ;  attom^-general,  1834-41 ;  Uberal  M.P.,  Bdinbozgh, 
1834-41  ;  his  wife  made  Baroness  Stratheden,  18IS; 
lord  chancellor  of  Ireland,  June-September  1841 ;  created 
Baron  Campbell,  June  1841 ;  took  a  foremost  place  in  tttt 
Lords  in  questions  of  law ;  chancellor  of  the  duchy  of  Lan> 
caster,  1846;  chief- justice  of  the  queen's  ben<^  1860: 
lord  chancellor,  1869;  published  'Nisi  Prins  Beporta,' 
1809-16,  'Speeches.'  1848, '  Lives  of  the  Lord  Cbanodkn: 
1846-7,  'Lives  of  the  Chief- Justices,*  1849, 1867,  law  pam- 
phlets, and  *  Lives  of  Lyndhurst  and  Brougham,*  1869. 

[vill.  879] 

OAKPBELL,  JOHN,  second  MARQins  of  BbkadaIt 
BANS  (1796-1862);  styled  Yiscouut  Glenorchy  till  1881; 
M.P.  for  Okehampton,  1880-6 ;  styled  Earl  of  Otou^Um, 
1831-4 ;  M.P.,  Perthshhre,  1833 ;  succeeded  as  marqidl, 
1834 ;  entertained  Queen  Victoria  at  Taymonth,  1848 ;  a 
strenuous  free  churchman  In  the  disruption  controversy. 

[YUL8861 

OAKPBELL,  Sir  JOHN  (1780-1863),  soldier :  edu- 
cated at  Harrow ;  comet,  1800 ;  captain,  1806  :  serrvd  in 
Sooth  America,  1807,  and  Spain,  1808 ;  commandwl  a 
Portuguese  cavalry  r^ment,  1809-14;  knighted,  1816 ; 
military  adviser  of  the  Portuguese  government,  1816-19 ; 
Portuguese  major-general,  1830;  English  lieatenant- 
oolonel,  1880-4;  fought  for  Dom  Miguel  In  Portogal, 
1888-34 :  resided  in  London.  [viU.  886] 

OAKPBELL,  JOHN  (1794-1867),  miBceUaoetMi 
writer  ;  a  blacksmith :  studied  at  St.  Andrews  and  Glas- 
gow; a  congregatioiuil  minister  in  Ayrshire,  and  at 
Moorfields,  London ;  started  the  *  Christian  WitoeH,* 
1844,  and  other  newspapers ;  published  much  on  misatona, 
ritualism,  &c.  [viiL  887] 

OAKPBELL,  Sir  JOHN  (1808-1877),  of  Lochend, 
Indian  official :  ensign,  1819 :  an  officer  in  the  East  India 
(Company's  forces,  1880-37;  captain.  1880:  magistrate 
over  the  Kbouds  of  Orissa,  18S7-42;  served  in  Ohioa, 
1848;  lieotenaut-colonel,  1843;  held  command  in 
Madrao,  1843-7 ;  reappointed  magistrate  over  thi 
Khondrt,  1847-9;  colonel,  1863;  major-general,  1869; 
published  narrative  of  affairs  in  Orisaa,  1864 ;  K.OJ&Xt 
1866  ;  general,  1878.  [viiL  887] 

OAKPBELL,  JOHN  FBANCIS  (1888-1886X  of 
Islay  ;  Gaelic  scholar ;  educated  at  Eton  and  Bdinbozgh; 
a  government  official ;  published  '  Popular  Tales  of  tlie 
West  Highlands,'  1860-8;  published  OaeUc  texta,  1878: 
wrote  also  on  natural  science.  [vUL  888] 

OAKPBELL,  JOHN  McLEOD  (1800-187S),  theo- 
logian ;  educated  at  Glasgow,  1811-80,  and  Bdinbai^b, 
1831:  licentiate  of  the  church  of  Scotland,  1881; 
minister  of  How,  DumbnrtouBhirc,  1885  :  ejected  for 
heresy,  1K30:  preached  in  the  highlands,  1880-8: 
minister  of  a  congregation  in  Glasgow,  1838-69 :  DJD. 
Glasgow,  1868;  retired  to  Roseneath,  1870:  pnbUabed 
'  Sermons,'  1838,  and  theological  tracts.  [vitL  888] 

OAKPBELL,  NEIL  (d.  1627),  Scottish  bishop :  panon 
of  Kilmartln,  Argyllshire,  1574  ;  bishop  of  Argyll,  l60e-«. 

[ViiL  888] 

OAKPBELL,  Sir  NEIL  (1776-1887),  general:  en- 
sign, 1797 ;  lieutenant,  1799 ;  major,  1806 ;  stationed  In 
the  West  Indies,  1796-1800:  in  home  garrisons,  1800-4: 
in  the  Woit  Indies,  1806-10:  lieutenant-colonel,  1806; 
colonel  of  Portuguese  infantry,  1811-18  ;  military  attadiA 
with  the  Russian  army  invadiuiar  France,  1818-14 ;  colood, 
1814  ;  escorted  Napoleon  to  Elba  ;  served  at  Waterloo; 
major-generaL  1826 ;  governor  of  Sierra  Leone,  1886. 

[Tiii.8«] 


OAMFBELIi 


197 


OANNE 


MTBl 


Sir  PATRICK  (1778-1841),  of  Melfort, 

„  :  Ueatenant,  1791 ;  captain,  1800 :  on  aotire 
17M-1815   and    1817-80;    rear-admiraU    1830: 
at  Oape  Town,  18S4-7 ;  K.O.B.,  1836  ; 
1838.  [TiU.  890] 


I 


BOBERT  id.  17S3X  presbyterian ; 
pattTg  ct  gontJaml :  preabyterian  minister  at  Ray,  Doue- 
fal,  1671;  iminriaoneil,  1681-3;  minister  at  Roinneath, 
Dombartaaahtre,  1689-91 ;  and  then  again  at  Ray,  1691- 
17a :  poblidMd  sermons.  iwUL  391] 


BOBERT  OALDER  (1798-1 857X  mis- 
writer  :  cadet  in  tbe  East  India  Company's 
1S17 ;  captain,  1836 ;  served  in  Bormah,  1836-7  : 
1831 ;  settled  in  London  ;  major,  1836  ; 
and  proee,  1831-67.  [vUi.  391] 


THOMAS  (1733-1795),  miscellaneoas 
If  JL  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  1761 ;  curate  of 
>,  1761-73 ;  cliancellor  of  St.  Macartin's,  Clogher, 
1778 ;  paMiabed  worka  on  Irish  topography  and  history  ; 
vrole  a  diaiy  of  his  visita  to  England,  1776-93. 

[viii.  .193] 
OAMPBXEX,  THOMAS  (1777-1844),  poet ;  son  of  a 
rniaed  Glasgow  merchant ;  at  Glasgow  University.  1791- 
179«;  tator  in  Moll,  1795,  and  Argyllshire,  1796  ;  settled 
ID    Sdinbargh    as     law-clerk    and    tutor;     published 
Tkaiiim  of  Hope,*  1799 ;  travelled  in  Germany  and  Den- 
aaik,  June  18D0-March  1801 ;  well  received  in  London, 
1801 ;  rctariMd  to  Edinburgh  ;  resided  in  or  near  London, 
HI  man   of  letten,  1804-44 :  pensioned  by  the  crown,  j 
1801;  iMoed  *  Poems,*  1805  ;  visited  Paris,  1814 ;  published 
*8pKlmena  of  tbe  British  Poets,'  1819;  edited  the* New 
Xoathly  MaenKrine,*  1830-30 :  advocated  a  university  for 
loBdoD,  1835 :  lord  rector  oi  Glasgow  University,  1836-9 ;  i 
vaiMAlflicn  1835;  died  at  Boulogne;  buried  in  West-  ! 
Abbey.  [viiL  393]      i 


THOMAS    (1790-1858),    sculptor    in  ' 
bnme  and  marble ;  apprenticed  to  an  Edinburgh  marble-  ' 
eatter ;  atodied  in  London  and  (1818)  at  Rome ;  exhibited 
ttthe  Boyal  Academy,  1837-57.  [viii.  896] 


WILLIAM  (rf.  1806),  presbyterian  ;  a 
■tivccfNewry, oou  Down;  entered  Glasgow  University,  | 
1744;  Uremwd  by  Armagh  presbytery,  1760 :  tutor  in  ' 
Fnooe ;  retnmed  to  Irdand,  1758 ;  minister  at  Antrim, 
ITM ;  minlrter  of  First  Armagh,  1764-89 ;  D.D.  Glasgow,  | 
17N:  minister  at  Ckmmel,  1789-1805  ;  publlshcii  pam-  I 
Ihieto.  [viii.  897]      I 


WILLIELMA,  ViscocsTBbS  Glkx- 
OHET  (1741-17^),  a  daughter  of  William  Maxwell  of  Prctf- 
toB,  Kirkcodbrightshire ;  married,  1761,  John  Campbell, 
TiiooantGlenorchy  (rf.  1771);  adopted  peculiar  religioui? 
vim,c  1764  :  fbowled  chapels  for  her  followers  in  Ediu- 
bargtai.  Cteliale,  Matlock,  Strathflllan.  [viiL  397] 

GAMPSZll,  Viscotnrre.  [See  Hicks,  Baptwt,  first 
Tbcocxt,  1551-1639 :  SoEL,  Edward,  second  Viscount, 
Isei-liU;  Noel,  Baptist,  third  Viscount,  1611-1683.] 

QAMPIOGIO,  LORENZO  (1478-1639),  papal  legate; 
bam  at  Bologna ;  storlled  law  at  Pa  via  and  Bologna ; 
OTdafaMd  after  hU  wife's  death ;  bishop  of  Feltri,  1612 ; 
eaidiaal,  1517  ;  legate  to  Henry  VIII  to  urge  a  crusade 
agataist  the  Turks,  1518 ;  bishop  of  Salisbury,  1624-34 ; 
arehbbbop  of  Bologna ;  •  legate  to  England  to  hear 
Hiairy  VIITs  suit  to  divorce  Queen  Catherine,  October 
U38-Ja]y  1539.  [viii.  398] 

OAMFIOV,   EDMUND  (lMa-1581},  Jesuit  martyr; 

am  of  a  Loodoo  bookseller ;  educated  at  Christ's  Hoe- 

Bital :  delivered  a  speech  at  Queen  Mary's  state  entry  to 

Loodoo,  1558;    fellow  of   St.  John's    College,    Oxford, 

1U7:  M.A^1564:  a  speaker  at  Queen  I<Uizabctli'ri  !<tate 

vistt  to  Oxfbni,  1566 ;  patronised  by  the  Earl  of  Leicester ; 

Aa^oan  deacon,  e.  1568 :  junior  proctor,  April   1568- 

IprQ  1569:  asked    B.D.  1569,  but  did  nut  obtain  it; 

wicbdivw  to  Dublin,  1569,  expecting  promotion  in  the 

projected   Romanist  college ;  withdrew,  as  a  suspected 

japW,  to  London.  June    1671;    went   to   Dooay,  and 

gradoMled  B.D.  there ;  went  to  Rome,  1673 ;  joined  tbe 

jeoakta,  1678 :  passed  his  novitiate  in  Prague  and  Brllnn ; 

ordaiBad  priest,  1578 ;  chosen,  with  Robert  Parsons,  to 

eoatm  temporising  catbolios  in  England ;  reached  Dover, 

Joor  1580;  prencbod  privately  in  London;  his  *  Decern 

\ '  diitribat«d  at  Oxford,  1581 ;  arrested  at  Lyf ord. 


Berkshire,  1681 ;  sent  to  the  Tower ;  examined,  under 
torture,  1681 ;  sentenced  to  death  ;  executed,  1  Dec.  1681 ; 
published  controversial  works.  [viiL  898] 

GAKPIOir,  GEORGE  B.  (1796-1870X  water-colour 
painter  ;  exhibited  in  London,  1834  onwards ;  drawing- 
master  at  Woolwich ;  retired  to  Munich.  [vliL  403] 

OAKPIOV,  MARIA  (1777-1803).    [See  Popk.] 

OAKPIOK,  THOMAS  (</.  1619).  poet  and  musician ; 
probably  educated  abroad:  mentioned  as  'doctor  in 
phisicke,'  1607,  and  '  physician,'  1616 ;  published  Latin 
verses,  1596,  and  '  Observations  on .  .  .  English  Poeaie,* 
1603;  prepared  masques  presented  at  court,  1607-17; 
published  '  Books  of  Ayres,'  1610,  1613,  '  Songs '  on  the 
death  of  Prince  Henry,  and  a  musical  treatise,  1613. 

[viU.  403] 

OAKPIOK,  alias  Wigmork,  WILLIAM  (1599- 
1666),  Jesuit;  joined  the  Jesuits,  1634;  mLssioner  hi  Eng- 
land, and  in  Wales,  1655 ;  rector  of  a  seminary  in  Ghent ; 
wrote  on  trausubstantiation.  [viiL,  404] 

OAHYULE,  GERARD  dk  (d.  1315  ?),  judge ;  adhered 
to  Prince  John ;  became,  by  marriage,  sheriff  of  Lincoln- 
shire, and  keeper  of  Lincoln  Captlc,  e.  119U;  his  removal 
vainly  attempted  by  Richard  I's  vicegerents,  1191;  re- 
moved and  fluod.  on  Richard's  return,  1194 ;  restored  by 
King  John,  1199;  justice  itinerant  for  Cambridgeshire, 
1209.  [vUL  404] 

OAICVILLE,  THOMAS  dk  (d.  1835),  judge ;  deprived 
by  John  of  estates  in  Kent  and  Essex,  1316 ;  restored, 
1317  :  acted  as  a  justice,  1339.  [viiL  404] 

CAHADA,  Viscount  (1667  ?-1640).  [See  Alex a.ndkk. 
Sir  Wiluam.] 

CAKOELLAE,  JAMES  (/.  1664),  theologian;  of  tbe 
queen's  chapel ;  publi!<bcd  devotional  treatise*,  1663-64. 

[ViiL  405] 
OAHSISVS,  HUGH(A1107?-1156?)u    [See  HaoB.] 

CAHSISH.    [See  Cavendish.] 

GAHDLEB,  ANN  (1740-1814),  versifier,  *  tbe  Suffolk 
cottager  * ;  daughter  of  a  Suffolk  glover  named  More ; 
married  a  militia-man,  1763;  lived  in  the  workhouse, 
17H0  and  17K3  ;  wrote  verses,  1785-9  ;  her  collected  verses 
published,  1803.  [viii.  405] 

CAHSLISH,  ROBERT  SMITH  (1806-1873X  Free 
church  leader ;  educated  at  Glasgow  .  assistant  minister  in 
Glasgow,  at  Bon  hill,  Dumbartonshire,  and  (1838)  at  St. 
George's,  Edinburgh  ;  minister  of  St.  George's ;  from  1839 
took  a  leading  part  against  the  authority  of  the  civil 
courts  in  patronage  cases;  suggested  as  professor  of 
biblical  criticism  in  Edinburgh,  but  objected  to  by  Lord 
Aberdeen  ;  D.D.  Princeton,  1841 :  went  out  at  the  dis- 
ruption, 1843 :  minister  of  Free  St.  George's  till  death ; 
leader  of  the  Free  church  ;  principal  of  the  Free  church 
ooUege,  Edinburgh,  1863 ;  DJ).  Edinburgh,  1866 ;  wrote 
theological  tre%tiraa.  [viiL  406] 

OAITE,  ROBERT  (1807-1858),  writer  on  Irish  history  ; 
a  chemist's  assistant ;  M  J).  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  1836  ; 
practised  medicine  at  Kilkenny.  [viii.  408] 

OAKES.  VINCENT  (d.  1673X  Franciscan  friar,  named 
in  religion  Joiin-Baftist  ;  studied  at  Cambridge ;  travelled 
on  the  continent ;  joined  the  Franciscans  at  Douay ; 
served  on  the  English  mission,  1648.  in  Lancashire  and 
London  ;  published  controversial  tracts  under  the  initials 
J.  V.  C,  1656-73.  [vUL  409] 

OAITTIELD,  BENEDICT  n663-1611X  Capuchin 
friar  ;  really  Wiluam  Fitch,  of  Little  Canfleld,  Essex ;  of 
the  Middle  Temple ;  withdrew  to  Douay ;  joined  tbe 
Capuchins  at  Paris ;  came  to  England,  1689 ;  imprisoned 
for  three  years  ;  master  of  the  novices  at  Rouen ;  wrote 
devotional  works.  [viiL  409] 


OAKioxrs 

Cainnkch.] 


or 


,    Saint    (d.   698  ?>.     [See 


OAmr,  ABRAHAM  (1794-1864),  champion  wrestler 
of  Devonshire ;  fought  a  drawn  match  with  the  Cornish 
champion,  1836 ;  afterwards  an  innkeeper.       [vUL  410] 

OAVNE,  JOHN  (d.  1667?),  theologian  ;  pastor  of  an 
indraendent  congregation  in  London  ;  pastor  of  the  Eng- 
lish independents  in  Amsterdam,  1630-47  :  visited  England, 
1640 ;  published  a  reference  bible,  1647  ;  retomad  to 


OANKEBA 


198 


OANTEBRIG 


England,  1648 ;  garrimn  chaplain  at  Hall,  1650,  and  in 
fierce  controversy  with  his  ooUeagne,  John  Sbawe ;  ex- 
pelled, 1667 ;  canM  to  London ;  returned  to  Amsterdam  ; 
publi8hed  '  Bible  with  Marginal  Notes,'  1664 ;  pablished 
other  theological  and  oontroveraial  works.       [viiL  411] 

CAHNEKA  or  GAUTirEE,  Saint  (d.  630  ?),  an  Irish- 
woman ;  anchorite ;  wished  to  join  the  monastery  of  St. 
Senan,  on  Inis-cathey,  but  was  raf  used.  [tIIL  413] 

OAHHIHO,  CHARLES  JOHN,  Earl  Oaickino 
(1812-1869),  governor-general  of  India;  third  son  of 
George  Canning  [q.  v.]  ;  educated  at  Eton,  and,  1899-38, 
at  Christ  Church,  Oxford :  M.P.,  Warwick,  1836 :  suc- 
ceeded as  Viscount  Canning  in  the  Irish  peerage,  1837 : 
under-secretory  for  foreign  affairs,  1841-6 ;  attached 
himsdf  to  Sir  Robert  Peel ;  postmaster-general,  1863-5 ; 
assumed  the  govemoTfreneralship  of  India,  Vetoraary 
1866 :  confronted  by  three  difficulties :  (i.)  war  widb 
Persia,  to  restore  Herat  to  Afghanistan,  with  the  question 
of  snbsidlfllng  the  ameer,  (ii.)  the  assimilatimi  of  the  temu 
of  service  of  the  Bengal  native  army  with  those  of  the  Bom- 
bay and  Madras  armies,  especially  as  regards  service  over- 
sea, (ill)  the  settlement  of  Oudh  (annexed,  7  Feb.  1856) ; 
his  second  year  marked  by  the  outbreak  of  tiie  mut^y, 
February  1867,  the  wide  extent  of  which  he,  Uke  other 
ofBcials,  was  slow  to  apprdiend;  by  a  happy  instinct, 
gave  full  freedom  of  action  to  Sir  Hent;^  lAwrence  in 
Oudh,  and  John  Lawrence  in  the  Punjab,  and  showed 
unshaken  oonfldenoe  throughout;  involved  in  a  con- 
troversy with  Lord  Bllenborough  about  the  terms  of 
settlement  in  Oudh,  1858 ;  created  earl,  1869 ;  engaged  in 
reorganising  the  financial,  legal,  and  administrative 
systems  in  India,  1869-62.  [viiL  414] 

OANNnra,  Elizabeth  (1734-1773),  impostor;  a 

sawyer's  daughter ;  maid-servant  in  Aldermanboxy; 
falsely  asserted  that  she  had  been  kidnapped  and  kept 
prisoner  by  a  procuress,  1-29  Jan.  1753 ;  examined  before 
Henry  Fielding  ;  secured  the  conviction  of  the  people 
she  accused  ;  tried  for  perjury  and  transported,  1754. 
Her  case  led  to  a  war  of  pamphlets  and  London  public 
opinion.  [viii.  418] 

CAmmra,  GEORGE  (1770-1827X  statesman ;  son  of 
a  barrister ;  brought  up  by  an  uncle,  a  whig  banker  in 
London :  educated  at  Eton,  and,  1788-91,  at  Christ  Ghuroli, 
Oxford :  entered  Lincoln's  Inn,  1791 ;  In  horror  of  ttie 
French  revolution  attached  himself  to  William  Pitt, 
1793  :  M.P.,  Newport,  1794 ;  M.P.,  Wendover,  1797 ;  under- 
secretary for  foreign  affairs  in  Pitt's  administration, 
1796-9;  member  of  the  India  board,  1799-1800;  pay- 
master-general, 1800-1 :  opposed  Hairy  Addington's 
administration,  1801-4;  treasurer  of  the  navy  in  Pitt's 
administration.  May  1804-February  1806 ;  refused  office 
in  Grenville's  ailminlstratlon  ;  foreign  secretary  in  Port* 
land's  administration,  March  1807;  planned  seizure  of 
Danish  fleet,  September  1807  ;  dissatisfied  with  Castle- 
reagh's  policy  at  the  war  office,  1808 ;  fought  duel  Mith 
CasUereagh,  and  resigned  office,  September  1809 ;  refused 
office  under  Spencer  Perceval,  November  1809;  refused 
the  fordgn  office  under  Lord  Liverpool,  May  1812  ;  M.P., 
Liverpool,  1813-22;  visited  Portugal  and  the  south  of 
France,  1814-16  ;  designated  ambassador  extraordinary  to 
Portugal,  1814;  joined  Lord  Liverpool's  administration 
as  president  of  the  India  board,  June  1816;  resigned, 
January  1H21,  as  favouring  Queen  Caroline;  wintered 
abroad,  1831-2;  nominated  governor-general  of  India, 
27  March,  but  resigned,  September  1822;  M.P.,  Harwich, 
1822  ;  foreign  secretary  In  Lord  Liverpool's  administra- 
tion, September  1822;  acknowledged  Independence  of 
Spain's  American  colonies,  1823;  shielded  Greece  from 
conquest  by  Turkey,  1826-7 ;  supported  the  popular  party 
In  Portugal  against  absolutism,  1826-7 ;  on  Lord  Liver- 
pool's death,  made  premier  by  George  IV,  and  chancellor 
of  the  exchequer,  April  1827  ;  endeavoured  to  reform  the 
corn-laws ;  friend  and  correspondent  of  Sir  Walter  Scott^ 
His  *  Poems'  were  published,  1823,  and  his  'Speeches,' 
1828.  [vUi.  420] 

CAinriHO,  RICHARD  (1708-1776),  Suffolk  anti- 
quary ;  at  Westminster  School,  1728 ;  M.A.  St.  Catharine's 
College,  Cambridge,  1785 ;  rector  of  Harkstead,  Suffolk, 
1738-69 ;  rector  of  Preston,  Suffolk,  1766-76 ;  published 
sermons,  pamphtets,  a  bistorj  of  Suffolk,  and  Ipswich 
collections.  [vill.  431] 

OAAAlHOy  STRATFORD,  first  Viscount  Strat- 
VORD  Ds  Rkdcuvik  (1786-1880),  diplomatiat,  styled  *  the 


Great  Elchi,'  l.e.  ambassador  par  exedUnee ;  educated  aft 
Eton,  1794,  and  King's  College,  Cambridge,  1806 ;  cleric 
In  the  foreign  office,  1807 ;  second  secretary  to  the  mm 
to  Denmark,  1807 ;  secretary  to  the  envt^  to  Comtanti* 
nople,  1808 ;  left  in  charge  of  the  embassy  at  Constanti- 
nople, 1810,  to  counteract  Napoleon's  influence,  to  protect 
British  interests  in  the  Levant,  and  to  prevent  war 
between  Russia  and  Turkey,  so  as  to  leave  Rassia  f  rae  to 
flght  Nap<deon :  negotiated  the  treaty  of  Bucharest  bs* 
tween  Russia  and  Turkey,  May  1812 ;  retomed  to  Lob* 
don  ;  pensioned ;  visited  Paris,  1814 ;  plenipotentiaiy  to 
Switzerlani,  1814-20,  to  settle  federal  government  tlMR ; 
his  arrangements  sanctioned  by  the  congress  of  Yleima, 
1816 ;  envoy  to  Washington,  1820-4,  but  failed  to  obtain 
setUment  of  disputed  points;  envoy  to  St.  Felen- 
burg  to  settle  the  Alaska  boundary  and  discnss  the  Qmk 
question,  1824 ;  envoy  to  ConstanUnople  to  obtain  r»> 
cognition  of  Greek  independence,  1826  ;  his  mediatlfln  od 
behalf  of  Greece  followed  by  the  joint  interventioo  of 
Great  Britain,  France,  and  Russia  1827,  but  negoUatifom 
broken  off  hy  the  battle  of  Navarlno,  October  1827; 
withdrew  to  Corfu,  and  to  London,  February  1818; 
negotiated  the  settlement  of  Greek  affairs  at  Fonii, 
with  the  French  and  Russian  envoys,  December  1818; 
MJ*.,  Old  Sarum,  1828  ;  resigned  his  ambasswknliip, 
1829 ;  G.C.B.,  December  1829 ;  M.P.,  Stockbridgo,  hj  m-> 
chase,  1830 ;  drew  up  the  British  case  in  the  AminoM 
boundary  dispute,  1830 ;  sent  to  Constantinople  to  Ob- 
tain enlargement  of  the  Greek  frontier,  November  18U ; 
fruitlesslv  advised  Palmerston  to  support  the  snttiB 
against  the  viceroy  of  Egypt,  1832 ;  fdled  to  reoondlt 
the  rival  parties  in  Portugal,  1882  ;  named  envoy  to  8t 
Petersburg,  1833,  but  the  czar  refused  to  raoelTehim: 
declined  governorship  of  Canada,  1835  and  1811 ;  MiP., 
King's  Lynn,  1835-41;  ambassador  at  Constantinopli^ 
1842 ;  obtained  abolition  of  execution  for  apostasy,  1M4; 
obtained  permission  for  Sir  Henry  Layard  to  expUm 
Nineveh ;  home  on  leave,  1846-7  ;  envoT  to  Switserlaiid, 
November  1847 ;  returned  to  Constantinople,  1818 ;  «b- 
oouraged  Turkey  to  protect  the  refugees  from  Hongaqr: 
visited  England  1862;  created  Viscount  Stntfoxd  ds 
Reddlffe,  May  1852 ;  advised  the  sultan  to  refuse  the 
czar's  demands  for  a  protectorate  over  the  Gre^  ohnrdi, 
1853  ;  visited  the  Crimea,  1866  ;  resigned  his  ambassador- 
ship,  1858  ;  lion.  D.C.L.  Oxford,  1858  ;  K.G.,  1869 ;  pub- 
lished verses  and  pamphleCfl.  A  statue  of  him  was 
placed  in  Westminster  Abbey.  [tUL  431] 


OAHHOV,  RICHARD  (1779-1866X  historian  ; 
at  the  Horse  Guards,  1802-51 ;  chief  ccmipiler  of  the  In- 
complete official  statement  of  the  services  of  the  sevcnl 
raiments,  *  Historical  Reoords  of  the  British  Aziny/ 
1836-68.  [ViiL  444] 

CAHVOV,  ROBERT  (1663-1722),  eodesiastio ;  cdo- 
cated  at  Eton;  fellow  <rf  King's  College,  Gambridas; 
B.A.,  1685 ;  D.D.,  1707 ;  married  the  bishop  of  Vitt 
daughter ;  a  pluralist  in  rectories  and  prd>end8  ;  dean  of 
linooln,  1721 ;  wrote  controversial  toscts.        [rUL  44B] 

OAHOK  or  CAVONICTrS,  JOHN  (A  1329).  scbod- 
man ;  studied  at  Oxford ;  joined  the  Franciscans :  studied 
at  Paris ;  returned  to  Oxford  and  graduated  D.II. ; 
wrote  commentaries  on  the  *  Sentences  *  of  Peter  Looh 
bard.  His  commentary  on  the* Physios*  of  Aristolk, 
printed  1476,  and  often  afWrwards,  was  a  faroarlli 
medisBval  text-work.  [tHL  445] 

CAHOT,  PETER  CHARLES  (1710-1777X  Uiie- 
engraver  ;  came  from  France  to  London ,  1740 ;  a  xvmtAm 
of  the  Society  of  Artiste,  1766,  and  an  associate  of  ths 
Royal  Academy,  1770.  [viiL  446] 

CAH8FIELD,  BENEDICT  (1663-1611).     [See  OAx- 

FIBLD.] 


OAHT,  ANDREW  (1590  7-1663X  covenanting 
invited  by  the  people  to  be  minister  of  Edinbmrgh,  bat 
rejected  by  James  I,  c.  1628 :  minister  of  PitaUgo,  Absr* 
deenshire,  1633  :  fruitlessly  endeavoured  to  penoade  ttas 
university  and  clergy  of  Aberdeen  to  adopt  tne  oovenaa^ 
July  1638;  member  of  the  Glasgow  general  sssunhly 
which  abolished  episcopacy,  1038 ;  minister  of  KewbafeUi^ 
Midlothian;  chaplain  to  the  Scottish  army,  IMO; 
minister  of  Aberdeen,  1640;  courageouslj  sidvoeatad 
monarohy  In  the  time  of  CromwelL  [viiL  448] 

OAKTEBBIG  or    OAXBEIDOX,    JOHN     db    UL 
1885),  judge  ;  a  large  landowner  near  (]ambrid0B ;  ILF, 


OANTEIiXJPE 


199 


CANUTE 


C«nbrM««hire    from    ISSl;    king's    Berjcnnt,    1830; 
kiriffhted,  October  1330 ;  jostioe  of  common  pleiu,  18S1. 

?TilL447i 

OAHTZLUPS,  OAVTBLO,  or  OAjT- 

,  FULK  DB  (/.  1SW>,  adherent  of  King  John  ; 

■at  to  eipd  the  monks  of  Oiinterfoaiy  sod  to  administer 
the  archi^iKopAl  estates.  1SU7.  [tUL  447] 

OAITILUFX,  6B0BGB  db  (d,  1273X  stvled  Barox 
OF  BaoATWsnrr  ;    son    of   William,  the  toird    baron 


JT  ;    son    __    ,   — 

OsBteiapt  If  tenure  (tf.  ISM)  [q.  t.]  and  Eva,  oo-helres« 
of  Wni^aai  de  Braooe :  knighted,  127S ;  pat  in  portfenion 
id  kit  etfalsik  April  IS78.  [viiL  447] 


irra 


IM; 

s 


NICHOLAS  DE,  thlni  Baron  Caxtr- 
by  writ  (<f.  ISWX  lonl  of  Grwley,  Nottinghamshire : 
Sdwazd  II  in  Scotland,  18S0:  knigbtai,  18S6: 
of  B«rwick-on-Tweed,  1336 :  sommoned  to  par- 
ity 1S37-M  :  eerred  in  Scotland  and  Flanders,  1389 ; 
te  France,  1343 ;  attendcvi  Edward  III  at  Grecy, 
nmmieskMier  to  defend  Lincolnshire,  185S ;  fouiKlal 
in  Lincoln  Cathedral  and  a  Garthosian  hoiue  in 

[vlU.  447] 


E,  BOGBR  DE  (Jl.  1S48X  legist :  aiiherent 
of  Bmrj  III :  envoy  to  Rome,  lS3i  ;  perhaps  prebendary 
^  at  Fkol's,  lS4a.  [riii.  447] 


SIMON,  called  Le  Norman  (7. 1349X 
:  coToy  to  Rome,  1938 :  archdeacon  of  Norwirh, 
UK-40;  cbanceUor,  Angost  1338,  but  removal  for  op- 
poaiv  wool  Ux.  1339.  [vUL  447] 

GAMTJBLUFE,   THOMAS    dr  (1318 ?-1S8S>,   saint; 

Mrinp  of  Herefoffd ;  son  of  William  de  Cantelape,  secoml 

larai  [q.  T.l ;   nephew  of  Walter  de  Cantelupe  [q.  v.], 

bUNp  of  Worcostcr;  stodied  possibly  at  Oxford,  1937, 

litBriranLi  at  Paris;  attended  council  of  Lyons,  1S46, 

■1  obtained  papal   dispensation    to  hold  benefices  in 

^nality ;  stodied  ciTil  law  at  Orleans  and  canon  law  at 

nris;  nwgfat  canon  law  at  Oxftmi ;  chancdlor  of  Oxford 

Vsinnii^,  19SS-3 :  stated  the  case  of  the  revolted  barons 

kdtcn  St.  Loais  at  Amiens,  IS63-4 ;  lonl  chancellor  of 

bftaoA,  Fcbmazy- Almost  1365  ;  pensioned  by  Henry  III, 

Xtfcfa  1968,  bat  took  refnge  at  Paris  in  Aognst ;  lectured 

h  theology  at  Fiuis,  and,  1379,  at  Oxford ;  possibly  again 

cksaeeDor  of  Oxford  University :  prebendary  of  Herefonl, 

Uft,  in    a  place  claimed  by  Peter  de  Langona:  held 

Mvcial  canoories  and  rich  rectories,  especially  in  Here< 

telfhlre.  In  plurality ;  attenderl  council  at  Lyons.  1374  ; 

dectai  bUliop  of  Hereford,  June,  and  consecrated,  Septem- 

iKf  1973  ;  chief  supporter  of  Edwanl  I  ami  opponent  of 

lievelyn  of  Wales  ;  a  bitter  enemy  of  the  Jews ;  active 

ia  Rforming  diocese  of  Hereford,  and  in  maintaining 

claiDS  of  see  against  Earl  Gilbert  of  Gloucester,  1378, 

Lord  Corbet,  and  the  bishops  of  St.  Asaph  and  St  Davii i's : 

lid  the  oppnsTtioa  to  Archbishop  Peckham  in  the  council 

at  Rading.  July  1979  :  involvel  in  a  bitter  dispute  with 

Fteklian  reeanling  jnrisilictioo ;  withdrew  for  iMifety  to 

Normaady,  and  appealed  against  Peckham  to  Itome,  c. 

ISM. ;  vicoroaaty  soed  at  Rome  for  the  prebend  of  Here- 

find  by  IVter  de  Langona,  1981 ;  tried  to  bribe  the  curia  ; 

excoomumicated  by  Peckham  through  a  dispute  as  to 

imrialktioQ :  amtealel  to  Rome :  went  in  person  to  Italy 

to  press  his  appeal,  March  1989  ;  died  at  Orvieto,  August : 

bnried  in  Hererord  Cathedral :  translated  to  a  new  tomb 

there,  1987 ;  mirades  worked  at  his  tomb ;  popularly  ac- 

eepcelas  a  saint ;  the  pope  urged  to  canonise  him,  1990, 

1999. 1301 :  canonised  by  Pope  John  XXII  as  St.  Thomas 

of  HcRfbPl,  1390.  [vUL  44H] 


E,  WALTER  DE(</.1966X  bishop  of  Wor- 
':  defender  of  biglbh  liberties  against  tiie  encroach- 
Its  of  the  crown  and  the  papacy;  second  son  of 
WJUam,  first  baron  Cantelupe  [q.  v.] ;  pluralist,  while 
ftill  in  minor  onlov ;  at  Rome,  1999 ;  justice  itiner- 
sbt,  1931 :  eSecterl  bishop  of  Worcester,  1336 ;  ordained 
teoao  and  prie»t,  and  conseontei  bishop  at  Viterbo, 
Hmj  1337:  eDthrooeJ,  October  1937;  defendal  plurali- 
tici  ignlnvt  the  papal  legate,  Otho,  at  the  council  of  St. 
Pui'«,  1937 ;  laboured  earnestly  to  reform  his  diocese ; 
■HdMitfei  between  Bish<9  Grosseteste  and  the  chapter 
of  Uneoln,  1939;  escorted  Otho  as  far  as  Burgundy, 
1941 :  BTgal  Henry  III  to  accept  William  de  Raleigh  a* 
bishop  e(  Winchester ;  acoompaniai  Arehbishop  Boniface 
to  tite  papa]  coart  at  Lyon«,  1345  ;  promised  to  join  tlie 
'itn,  1947 :  again  at  Lyons,  1960 ;  a  second  time 
to  go  on  cnuade,  1360  ;  resisted  Arehbishop  Boni- 


face's claim  of  the  right  of  vi^iitation,  1961,  and  the  pope's 
demand  of  a  tenth  for  Hennr  III,  1953 ;  joiuol  in  excom- 
municating the  infringera  of  Magna  Chartit,  1S53  ;  went 
with  Henry  III  to  Gascony,  1953,  aiul  was  sent  as  envoy 
to  Castile ;  resistal  demand  for  an  aid  for  the  pope  ami 
Henry  III,  1255  ;  envoy  to  Frunce,  1267  ;  a  representative 
of  the  barons  on  the  committee  of  regenry  (*  provisions  of 
Oxfonl*),  1958;  aiilal  Prince  Edwani'ii  escape  from 
Bristol,  1964;  encouraged  the  barons  at  Lewes,  1964,  and 
Evesham,  1265 ;  suspeniled  by  Ottoboni  and  summoned  to 
Rome ;  died  before  starting,  and  was  buried  in  Worcester 
Cathedral  [viii.  452] 

OAKTSLTTPS,  WILLIAM  dk,  fln«t  Bahon  Cantk- 
LUPE  (d.  1339),  a  constant  adherent  of  King  John ; 
stewanl  of  the  household ;  »heri(l  of  Warwick,  Leicester, 
Worcester,  and  Hereford  for  John :  justiciar,  1203 ;  at- 
tached himself  to  Henry  III,  1216  :  sheriff  of  Warwick 
and  Leicester ;  justice  itinerant  in  BedfonlshiR^  1918 ;  a 
witness  to  tlie  confirmation  of  Magna  Charta,  1236  ; 
founder  of  Studlcy  Hospital.  [viii.  454] 

CAKTELTJPS,  WILLIAM  he,  second  Baron  Oantr- 
LUPB  (<i.  1951),  son  of  William  dc  Cantelupe,  first  baron 
[q.  v.] ;  an  adherent  of  King  John  and  of  Henry  III ; 
steward  of  the  household  to  Henry  III ;  envoy  to  the 
papal  court  at  Lyons,  1245.  [viii.  454] 

CANTELUPE,  WILLIAM  dk,  thinl  Baron  Caxtr- 
LUFE  (d.  1254),  pon  of  William  de  Cantelupe,  second 
baron  [q.  v.] ;  obtained  by  marriage  the  honour  of  Ber- 
gavenny  ;  accompanied  Henry  III  to  Gascony,  1253. 

[viii.  455] 

CAKTSBBTTBY,  Viscounts.  [See  MANXKRH-.Sirr- 
TON,  Charijch,  first  Viscount,  17HU-1845;  Mannkkh- 
Sutton,  John  Henut  Thomas,  tliinl  Viscount,  1814- 
1877.] 

CANTILLOK,  RICHARD  {d.  1734X  economist;  of 
Irish  extraction  ;  merehant  in  Loudon  and  Paris  ;  said  to 
have  helped  John  Law  to  float  Ids  paper-money  scheme  in 
Paris,  1716 ;  returned  to  London ;  murdered  by  his  cook. 
His  '  Essai  sur  la  Nature  dn  Commerce'  (published,  1755), 
contains  striking  anticipations  of  later  theories. 

[viii.  455] 

OAHTOK,  JOHN  (1718-1772),  electrician ;  a  weaver's 
apprentice;  went  to  London,  1737,  and  taught  school 
there ;  conducted  valuable  experiments  in  electricity  and 
magnetism  ;  F.R.S.,  1749.  [rUi.  456] 

OANTBELL,  henry  (1685  7-1773X  controversialist: 
educated  at  Derby  grammar  school ;  M.A.  Emmanuel 
College,  Cambridge,  1710 ;  incuni»«nt  of  St  Alkmuml's, 
Derby,  1712-73  ;  wrote  against  liiy-bai»ti^m.   [viiL  457] 

OAKTWSLL,  ANDREW  (</.  1764),  pbj-siciaii ;  of 
Irish  birth ;  graduated  in  medicine  at  MontpeUier,  1729 ; 
migrated  to  Paris,  1733  ;  M.D.  Paris,  1742,  and  professor 
of  surgery,  1750,  and  of  pharmacy,  1763  ;  a  bitter  oppo- 
nent of  inoculation  against  small-iwx  ;  visiteil  England  ; 
wrote  on  medical  8ul)jects.  [viii.  457] 

CAKTITE  or  OinJT  (994?- 1085), called  'the  Groat,* 
king  of  the  English,  Danes,  and  Norwegians;  son  of 
Sweyn,  king  of  the  Danes ;  a  pagan  in  childhood ; 
baptise<l,  c.  1000 ;  accompanied  Sweyn  in  his  invasion 
of  England,  1013  ;  aoknowle<lged  as  king  of  England  by 
the  invaders  on  Sweyn's  death,  near  Gainsborough, 
February  1014  ;  outlawed,  the  witan  haring  rccallc<l 
^thelr^  from  Normandy ;  withdrew  before  the  forces 
of  JGtlielred,  1014,  to  Sandwich  in  Kent,  where  he  muti- 
lated his  English  hostages,  and  thence  to  Denmark  ;  soon 
supplanted  his  brother  Harold,  who  had  been  (1014) 
acknowledged  king  of  Denmark ;  made  war  on  the 
Slavs  on  the  south  const  of  the  Baltic  ;  openly  resisted 
by  Olaf  Haroldsson,  who  was  ma<lc  king  of  Non^-ay, 
1014-15 ;  ravaged  Wessex,  1015,  and  Warwiok!«hire, 
1016  ;  marchc«l  to  York,  and  received  the  submission  of 
Northumbria ;  fmitlesslv  besieged  London,  May  1016  ; 
suffered  defeat  in  Kent,  but  routed  Eadmund,  iGthoIrc<rs 
successor,  at  Assandun  (?Ashington,  E.<sex) ;  followed 
Eadmund  into  GIoucesten>hire,  and.  by  the  treaty  of 
Olney  I^le,  arranged  tliat  Eadmund  shonid  have  Wmsex, 
and  protmhly  East  Anglia,  while  ho  himself  ruleil  the 
north  ;  wintered  at  London ;  chonen  by  the  witan  at 
London,  1017,  king  of  all  England,  after  the  murder  of 
Eadmund  (1016) ;  married  Emma  or  ^^Ifgifu,  i^^thelred's 
widow,  arranging  that  if  a  son  wore  l)orn  to  her  lie  (should 
succeed  to  the  crown,  excluding  Cuut's  tons,  Harold  and 


OAMUTJU 


Siwyn,  bv   ^(gitn   [q.  r.]; 

Hmnt  at  Oifiird.  wbere  ho  tomd  lo  rale  juiitl 
Dsnnurk.  lOIB.uid  (aught  igBlnitthoWeadi . 
to  Bnglujd,  103U.  uid  omirtni  EneUih  taTour.  tq'  beoe- 
futlatu  to  iDiDr  mananaiH  uil  bodBan  to  Bngllih 
HlDt* ;  tnanht  In  Wibtlud,  KAhania,  lun ;  dnuiniled 
the  lUbmlHloD  o(  OUf  at  Koiw^ ;  wM  detailed  br  the 
None  Bud  Swedn  Id  the  Helgm  river :  enuhed  s  rising 
tn  Denmu'lc,  lOM  ;  ililtd  Borne,  lOIT,  ud  ma  prewac 
MB  tho  OMonMinn  qI  th«  Bmnem  Oonnd,  with  whom  he 
tgmi  to  nukn  the  river  Elda  the  boundary  bccweeo 
Dennurk  uid  Oenoeny  ;  lumlal  SeoUund,  c.  1017 ;  ir- 
conquered  Komj.  l™ :  lenl  bt«  aon  Bwejm  to  gororn 
dorwuy.  loni,  ud  bla  loa  Hirthunut  lo  goTtra  lira- 
■nark  ;  beneleaUir  to  the  cbanb ;  dial  U  SbBTtabiir)', 


OASDTE,   BODBBT  [fl.  1170).     [Bee  Bob 
GniaiLLtuE.] 

OAITVAHX.  PETER  (ir»-lTSai,  Intiodo 

mcdldliif  «  l«j*d™  uid  Kbdmi;  L.O.P,  _ , 

practiml  It  St.  KItu,  Woat  Indlea,  ud  liurrwdi  a' 
Both  :  withdrew  to  Brunei^  [U.  S] 

OAXTBOEa,    WILLIAM    (11»g?-14Tt), 


n  AmoiiH  i  gtqdlq] 


Sdmia  ly  ;  nbollt  St.  Uary  BcdcllS^  Briitul.  uul  the 
aaddauaf  Iheoullege.l'ls*.  [U.  B] 

OAFS,    WILLIAU   TIUOTBY    (IMC-tSeS).   Aiu- 
tnllaii  caldniit ;  Klaoated  kt  Mcnhuit  Tkjlon'  School ; 
tAkea  tA  TumanlA  hv  hla  fiithor.  1K31,  and  U)  Sjiletv, 
n  SjdDej  pdhlle  nciluioL ; 


1819:  I 


Id  c'harlee 


maitsr  ••!  Byiirnj  Oi>IIc«ii,  isu-43 ;  kept  jirii 

IMJ-U;  member  of  New  South  Wela  leflilatare,  IMS; 

maglatntf ;  died  Id  l»ndaD  while  dd  a  Tlsil.     [li.  lU] 

OAFXL.  ARTHUR,  Snl  BuuHi  C*riL  or  Hmnin 
(lelO?-lMe).  roimUn  leaderi  a  HerUordililra  Hiiilni: 
U.F.  lOr  nenlordililn  in  Che  short  parliament,  IstO,  end 
the  Long  parllunent,  IMO;  altaobed  hlraaelf  to  the 
"""-t  putT  :  omced  Baron  Oipat  at  Uarlbam,  IStl ; 
nded  llhulia  I  to  Tork,  JaaoarT  tUl :  hli  nuiee 
.menl,  IHI :  the  Uafi  llcatenanc- 
F,  Cheahlre.  and  NorU  Welei.  1(49 ; 
.he  Priucs  of  Walei :  Knamltl^Dor  ; 

;    obUdDsl    leavs    li   ' 

JolDoi  the  luKxu^pts  , 

led  by  the 
[11. 10]       I 

(lUi-iBSi),  ! 


■Uw  pbjilc;   puritan  p 


i '.  n^gimL,  decUnlne  lo 
iGher,  IHl  1   pabllithed 

£i>.u] 


■TiiTB..' 


lumber  to  Omntcpiinceor  WalM,  171B.  and  loQeDmll, 
IS7  ;  lonl-lieiiUiiant  ol  Herltonliblrr,  1717;  enifov  ta 
'orin,  17S1-*  :  K.Q.  17Sg.  [ti  H] 

OAPSLL,  EDWARD  (17ia-17Sl\ShaksipeBrean  com- 
mtatnr ;  educatal  U  Cambrklin ;  dFtmlr-intpeetor  of 

7aB  ;  began  to  pobllub  hlicominentu?,  1774TberiiuaCbel 
art  of  his  llhnry  to  Trinity  Collrge,  CambrldgK  Hla 
omnicnUry  appfunl  {3  vols.)  in  IIU.  [ii.  1*1 

CAPXLL-COKHIOBBT,  OATKBB[N~B,  Cou:<nBa  o* 

asKX  (17M-1S8!).     tSaoBTlfpHlUiS,OlTHKBlSt] 

OAFILLAiniS,  JOim  (A  14KI  n  ™l  lunx:  'ora 
'ALTOS  ;  tnntlated  into  Kngllab  lene  Boelbins'e  ■He 
kmnlatlone  PhUoeoptils.'  [li.  Ml 

0A7ERK.  EDWARD (lSlS-lgM),-therurmlineUim 
I  Bldefortl':  employed  In  lace  (aatory  a(  Hlvertofi; 
iiral  letUr  nrdcr  it  BldetDnt,  IMT  :  pubUibed  b)'  nib- 
Mptlan.lK6G,Ula'Fuenu.'wmi:baUnicIadniacb  laroiir- 
Ule  utIenUoD :  iubwquenUy  pub: 

OAPaKAVE,    JOHN 
Ifltorlan;  Btndlni  pcrljap«bti..amnnufff] ;  auAOKivanHa 
-lar:  nalded  oicut  ol  hlr  tift  In  the  trluy  at  l^jun  :  oc- 
tlust  print,  e.Ulil:  D.D..  poolhly  ■>(  Oitord :  TblMl 

hidal  of  the  AugiuUnlan  iilai 


:    nm  rhW  Li 
^.miiB,'  ■  D.  ii 


renlde  hi 
Hampton 


OAFXL,    ARTHUR,   RlBL 

eldeet  kd  of  Artbnr  Opel,  lliat  baroa  Oapel 

-     -      ->t  In  tbeklng-i  army.  IMS;  nooee 
;    lanl-UentiuiaDt  of   HenfonldhliVt 


CAFOB.    JOHN,   aliai 
lee-  ol  a't.  John'i  ADbej-, 


T  (d.  1U7),  biebiv  I* 
>  ■    CamhrHeie,  UM; 


cteaud'  Barl  o( 


to  them  :  TKalled,  A^^  ^ 
-iloIlbeCTeatury.Mamh 


■poke  bltlnly 
Hir  wim  Kon- 


_.._ >(  Arthur  Oapd,  Btrt  hi 

Oepdof  Hadham[q.T.]:K.B^  UU ;  a  ODiBMiHlaw 


IlydcAbtaylo .. _, 

ivoo.  [Ik.  tXl 

OAPOK,  WILLIAM <d.l[IO).eDclHlHllo:  RA.Oam. 
bridge,  ItM:  D.D.,  1SI7:  fellow  ol  Catbariiie Hall,  Gau- 
hrtd^  :  a  plnralket  lo  benefloH  and  prebendp;  ^h^p'*** 
to  Cardinal  Wolsey ;  muler  of  Jeaim  Colletn  Oambiidg^ 
UU~U ',  dran  of  Wobey'i  ahDrt-Uvnl  ooUCBe  at  Ipewl^ 
IHg.  [Iz.  n] 

OAFOV,  WILLIAM  m»T-18»),aroUleHaDdraa- 
painter ;  a  port^t  pahiter ;  How-palhter  atl>niry  lAjia« 
17S*-1«M,  nod  at  Oorail  Garden,  180»;  — ' — ' — ' 
(IraogliWnan  to  Duke  of  Tori  ""■ 
Boyal  Aoadem 


OAPFEB 


201 


OABDBOSS 


FRANCIS  (1736-1818),  divine:  educated 
at  Westmiiiiter  School  and  Christ  Ohorch,  Oxford  ;  rector 
a(  Monk  Soham  and  Earl  Soham,  SufloUc,  1769- 18L8. 

[ix.  26] 
CAPPZB,  JAMES  (1743-18S6),  meteorologist:  eda- 
cated  at  Harrow :  colonel  in  the  East  India  Company's 
aervVse:  afterwaids  resided  in  Soath  Wales  and  NorfoUc ; 
wToite  Asiatic  itineraries  and  books  oa  meteorological  sub- 
jects and  fanning.  [ix.  86] 


JOSEPH  (17S7-1804X  eccentric ;  grocer  in 
lodged  in  the  Horns  inn,  Kennington,  1779-1804. 

[ix.26] 
LiOUISA  (1776-1840),  daughter  of  James 
CQ-  ▼•] :  published  an  abridgment  of  *  Locke  on  the 
Understanding/  181 L  [ix.  86] 

CAPPOCH,  THOMAS  (1719-1746).    [See  Ooppock.] 

CAXAOGIOLI,  CHARLES  (/I.  1766X  topographer: 
o€  Arundel  grammar  school:  publlshe«l,  1776, 
*Ite  Antiquities  of  ArundeL*  Other  works  of  doubtful 
so^eaticity  are  attributed  to  him.  [ix.  86] 

CKaACTAUUS  ifi.  60),  king  of  the  Britons;  his 
rame  in  English,  Garadoc,  in  WcJsb,  Oaradawg :  a  son  of 
Omobelin  of  Gotcbeater:  as  chief  of  the  CatuveUsuni, 
took -the  lead  in  resisting  the  Roman  invasion,  a.d.  43  ; 
dfieated  cm  the  Thames  and  in  Essex ;  vrithdrew  to  South 
Wsles,  and  continued  to  harass  the  Romans':  defeated 
(psrfaaps  near  ShrewsburyX  a.d.  60;  sent  captive  to  j 
Borne ;  died  in  captivity.  [ix.  26]      ! 

GAKADOC.  Sir  JOHN  FRAN(ns,  first  Baron  How-  '■ 
ns  (1762-1839),  general:    only  son  of   John  Cradock 
\%.  v.],  archbishop   of  Dublin ;   changed   his   name   to 
Qusdoc  in   182U ;  comet,  1777;  captain,  1781;  major,  i 
l7Kt :  MJ>.  in  the  Irish  parliamept,  1786-1800 :  lieutenant-  | 
eob)oel,  1789 :  serred  in  West  Indies,  1790  and  1793-6 ; 
rtstioiMd  in  Ireland,  1796 ;  took  active  part  in  suppnssing 
Iiiih  rrtwUioa,    1798;    major-general,   1798;   served  in 
Eftypt.  1801 :  K.B^  1803 ;  commander-in-chief  at  Madras, 
ltiiM-7;   beutenantrgeneral,  18U6;  partly  responsible  for 
nntiaj  at  Tdlore,  1806 ;  took  command  in  Portugal,  1808 : 
ranored  to  the  governorship  of  Gibraltar,  1H09 ;  governor 
«f  tbeOape,  1811-14 :  general,  1812  ;^created  Baron  How- 
tei  in  the  Irish  peerage,  1819,  and  in  the  English  poerage, 
UBl.  [ix.  27] 

CAEADOO,  Sot  JOHN  HOBART,  seoond  Barox 
HowDcsr  (1799-1873),  diplomatist :  only  child  of  Sir  John 
hiocte  Caradoc,  first  baron  Howden  [q.v.];  em^ign, 
18U;  aide-de-camp  in  France,  1816-18;  captaiu,  1818; 
>ide4e-camp  at  Usbon  uid  in  Malta;  on  the  embassy 
tsff  St  Berlin,  1824,  and  Paris,  1826 ;  major,  1825 ;  envoy 
to  Eerpt,  1827 ;  M.P.,  Dundalk,  1830 ;  mUitary  attach^ 
vitb  the  French  army,  1832,  and  the  Spanish  army.  1834 ; 
wwwded  to  barony,  1839 ;  colonel,  1841 ;  minister  to 
Braxil,  1847-60 ;  broke  up  the  British  blockade  of  Bueuos 
Ayiv,  1847:  minister  at  Madrid,  1860-8;  lieutcnant- 
feoenl,  1869 :  G.C.B. ;  died  at  Bayonne.  [ix.  29] 

CASASOO  id.  1036),  a  South  Welsh  prince  ;  a  son  of 
%Uerch ;  fought  against  the  sons  of  Edwin,  1032-6 ; 
tliiB  by  the  English.  [ix.  30] 

G1AKAIX>0  OP  Llaxcarvak  (d.  1147  ?),  Welsh  chro- 
oida':  of  the  suite  of  Earl  Robert  of  Qloucestcr;  a 
fricod  of  Qeoffrey  of  Monmouth ;  wrote  continuation  of 
G«ofIny*B  chronicle,  and  othirr  works,  not  now  extant. 

[ix.  30] 

OABADOBI-ALLAN,  MARIA  CATERINA  ROSAL- 

BIKA  (1800-1866),  vocalist:  bom  at  Milan;  daughter  of 

Banoo  de  Munck  :  took  her  mother's  maiden  name,  Gara- 

doil,forher  professional  name  :  married  E.  T.  Allan,  sccrc- 

tuy  of  the  Kii^s  Theatre,  London,  1824 :  sang  in  the 

Italian  apen^  in  Ltmdon,   1822-7,  in  Venice,  1830,  and 

s^ain  in  London  in  1834 ;  quitted  the  stage,  and  sang  in 

oratorioa  and  concerts ;  retired,  1846.  [ix.  30] 

CAJLAHTA(nJ8,-in  Welsh  Oarannoo,  Saint  ijl.  460), 
ssld  to  have  declined  the  princedom  of  Cardigan  in  order 
to  become  a  hermit:  joined  St.  Patrick,  and  laboured 
vitb  hi*"  in  the  conversion  of  Ireland ;  changed  bis  name 
to  Ccmacb  ;  perhaps  to  be  identified  with  the  St.  Caimech 
lestiTi^  is  16  May;  returned  to  Wales;  died  in 

[ix.  31] 


Maximian  against  the  revolted  Gauls,  286;  given  com- 
mand of  the  Boulogne  fleet  against  the  Saxon  pirates; 
enriched  liimself  by  plunder :  suspecting  Maximian's  hos- 
tility, crossed  to  Britain,  proclaimed  himself  emperor, 
raised  troops,  and  struck  coins,  287  ;  defeated  Maximian's 
fleet ;  admitted  to  partnenhip  in  the  empire,  290 :  his 
garrison  at  Boulogne  subdued  by  Constantius,  292 ;  assassi- 
nated by  AUeotus  [q.  v.]  His  coins,  chiefly  minted  at 
London  and  Colchester,  are  exceptionally  numerous. 

fix.  32] 
CABBZBY,    Eart£  of.     [See  Vauqhan,  Richard, 
seoond  Earl  of,  1600  7-1686 ;   Yauouan,  John,  third 
Karl  of,  1640-1718.] 

OABD,  HENRY  (1779-1844),  miscellaneoas  writer ; 
educated  at  Westmins^^^r  School :  B.  A.  Pembroke  College, 
Oxford,  1800  :  D.D.,  1823 ;  vicar  of  Great  Malvem.  1816, 
and  of  Dormington,  Herefordshire,  1832  ;  published  verses 
and  historical  und  theoloi^ical  tracts.  [ix.  36] 

CABDALE,  JOHN  BATE  (1808-1877),  founder  of  the 
Catholic  Apostolic  ( popularly  called  the  Irvingite)  church  : 
son  of  a  wealthy  London  solicitor :  educated  at  Rugby, 
1816-18 :  prautiaed  as  solicitor  in  London,  1824-34 :  went 
to  ScotJaud,  1830,  to  investigate  the  reported  'speaking 
with  tongues  * :  opened  a  prayer-meeting  in  London,  to 
wait  for  the  gift,  October  1830  :  the  gift  of  speaking  *  in  a 
tongue  *  obtuineil  by  his  wife,  1831 ;  became,  1831,  *  apostle ' 
of  the  new  church ;  member,  with  his  wife,  of  Edward 
Irvlng's  [q.  v.]  congregation,  in  which  (October  1831) 
speaking  with  tongues  b<^n  ;  ordained  Irving  to  be  mmis- 
ter  of  the  new  church,  1833 ;  settled  at  Albury,  Sunw, 
1835,  wliere  a  cathedral  was  built:  issued  liturgy,  1848; 
publi.sbod  sermons  and  theological  tracts.  [ix.  36] 

CABDALE,  PAUL  (1706-1776),  Socinian;  educated 
at  a  nonconformist  seminary  in  Derbyshire,  1720 ;  presby- 
terian  preacher  at  Kidderminster,  1726;  minister  at 
Evesham,  1733-76 :  published,  anonymously,  many  Soci- 
nian sermons  and  tracts,  1740-74.  [ix.  88] 

CABDEB,  PETER  (A  1677-1686),  a  (Ornish  sea- 
man ;  appeared  in  England,  November  1686,  with  a  tale 
that  he  had  sailed  with  Sir  Francis  Drake,  November 
1677,  been  wrecked  in  the  Straits  of  Magellan,  October 
1578,  lived  with  Bavages,  and  made  his  way  to  Peruam- 
buco.  [ix.  39] 

CABDIOAH,  seventh  Earl  of  (1797-1868X  [See 
Brudenrll,  Jamrb  Thomas.] 

CABDMAXEB,'aZ<a«  Taylor,  JOHN  (d.  1666),  pro- 
testaut  martyr  ;  an  Observant  friar  ;  married  after  the 
supiireBsion  of  his  order  by  Henry  YIII ;  vicar  of  St. 
BriJiget'ft,  Fleet  Street,  and  lecturer  at  St.  Paul's ;  pre- 
bendfiry  of  Wells ;  tried  to  escape  over  sea  ;  arretted  in 
London,  November  1664  ;  sentenced  to  death  for  heresy. 
May  1666  ;  burnt  in  Smithfleld.  [ix.  39] 

OABDOK,  ANTHONY  (1772-1813),  engraver;  a 
native  of  Brussels ;  came  to  London,  1792 ;  illustrated 
books  ;  engraved  in  stipple,  chiefly  portraits  and  battle- 

[ix.  40] 

[ix.  40] 


I  pieces. 

OABDOK,  PHILIP  (d.  1817  ?),  engraver. 


CABAVSinS  (346  7-293X  Roman  emperor  in  Britain ; 
orifliMOy  pUoi  ou  the  Scheldt ;  served  under  the  Emperor 


OABDONKEL,  ADAM  [db]  {d.  1719),  secretary  to 
the  Duke  of  Marlborough  from  1692  throughout  his  cam- 
paigns ;  sou  of  a  Huguenot  refugee ;  clerk  in  the  war 
office  ;  MJ^.  for  Southampton,  1701 ;  his  name  put  for- 
ward by  Marlborough  for  the  secretaryship  of  war, 
January  1710,  but  rejected  by  the  tories ;  expelled  the 
house  on  a  charge  of  receiving  gratuities  from  army  con- 
tractors, 1712.  [ix.  40] 

OABOOlfKEL.  afterwards  OABDONITEL-LAWBOV, 
ADAM  [MANSFELDT]  dk  {d.  1820),  antiquary :  by 
profe^ion  a  surgeon  ;  studied  antiquities  and  numis- 
matics ;  F.S.A.  Scotland,  1780 :  resided  in  Edinburgh ; 
gave  much  assistance  to  Francis  Grose ;  took  the  name 
Lawson  and  removed  to  Northumberland,  on  succession 
to  an  estate,  c.  1790 :  often  visited  Biath ;  published 
treatises  ou  Scottish  coins  and  antiquities.         [ix.  41] 

OABDONNEL,  PHILIP  de  ((/.  1667),  author  of 
verses  on  Charles  IPs  marriage.  [ix.  41] 

CABDB088,  Barons.  [Sec  Erhkinb,  Daniel,  second 
Baron,  1616-1671 ;  Ebsklne,  Henry,  third  Babov, 
1660-1693.] 


OABDWBLL 


202 


OABEW 


CABDWXLL,  EDWABD  (1787-1861X  ohnroh  hiB- 
torlan  ;  B.A.  Braaenose  College,  Oxford,  1809 ;  D.D.,  1831 ; 
fellow  and  tutor  ;  Camden  professor  of  ancient  history, 
1826-61 ;  rector  of  Stoke  Bmeme,  Northamptonshire, 
1828 ;  principal  of  St.  Alban  HaU,  Oxford,  18S1-61 :  pub- 
lished sermons,  editions  of  Aristotle's  *  Bthios,*  the  Greek 
Testament,  and  Josephns,  and  coltections  for  the  history 
(1M6-1717)  of  the  church  of  England  and  of  the  prayer- 
book,  [ix.  42] 

CABDWSLL,  EDWABD,  VSCOUKT  Cardwsll(1813- 
1886X  statesman  :  son  of  Lirerpool  merchant ;  educated 
at  Winchester  and  Balliol  College,  Oxford ;  RA^  18S6 ; 
banister  of  the  Inner  Temple,  1838 ;  M.P.  for  Clltheroe, 
1842 :  attached  himself  to  Sir  Bobert  Peel ;  secretary  to 
the  treasury,  1845-6 ;  M.P.  for  Liverpool,  1847-62 ;  M.P. 
for  Oxford  city,  1862 ;  president  of  the  board  of  trade 
in  Lord  Aberdeen's  coalition  cabinet,  1862-6 ;  carried 
through  the  Merchant  Shipping  Act,  1864  served  on  the 
commission  regarding  the  manning  of  the  navy,  1868 ; 
secretary  for  Ireland  under  Lord  Palmerston,  1869-61 ; 
secretary  for  the  colonies  under  Lord  Palmerston  and 
Russell,  1864-6 :  withdrew  British  troops  from  oolonial 
stations  and  i^llshed  transportation  ;  secretary  for  war 
under  Mr.  Gladstone,  1868-74 :  introduced  short  service 
and  the  army  reserve ;  abolished  commissUms  by  pur- 
chase; created  Viscount  Cardwell,  1874.  [ix.  43] 

CARS,   HENRY    (1646-1688X  joumaUst;   edited  a 

gftrtisan  anti-Bomanlst  journal,  called  the  *  Weekly 
aoquet  of  Advice  from  Bomc,'  1678-9,  suppressed  in 
1680,  but  afterwards  continued  till  1683*.  published  seve- 
ral oontroversial  pamphlets  and  some  translations. 

[ix.46] 
CARELXS8,  WILLIAM  (tf.  1689).    [See  CARrx>B.] 

0ASEK0B088,     ALEXANDER    (d,    1701X      [See 

OAIBN  CROSS.] 

CAESW.    [See  also  Cabkt  and  Cart.] 

OABEW,  Sir  ALEXANDER  (1609-1644),  seooud 
baronet,  of  Antony,  Cornwall :  M.P.  for  Cornwall,  1640  ; 

fovemor  for  the  parliament  of  St.  Nicholas  Island  In 
'lymouth  harbour ;  arrested  on  suspicion  of  betraying 
his  charge ;  found  guilty,  1644  ;  executed  on  Tower  Hill. 

[ix.46] 
OABEW,  BAMFTLDE  MOORE  (1698-1770 ?),  king 
of  the  gipsies ;  son  of  a  Devonshire  rector ;  ran  away 
from  Tiverton  school,  and  joined  the  gipsies ;  became  a 
clever  sharper :  went  to  Newfoundland ;  returned  to 
Newcastle-on-Tyne ;  elected  king  of  the  English  gipsies ; 
transported  to  Maryland ;  esoaped,  and  returned  to  Eng- 
land ;  followed  Prince  Charles  Edward's  army  to  Derby, 
1746.  [ix.  47] 

OABEW,  Sir  BENJAMIN  HALLOWELL  (1760- 
1884  X  admiral;  named  Hallo  well  up  to  1828,  when  he 
took  the  name  (^rew  on  sncoeediug  to  certain  property  ; 
bom  in  Canada  ;  served  In  the  navy,  chiefly  in  Mediter- 
ranean, 1781-1814 ;  commander,  1790 :  commanded  a  ship 
In  the  battle  of  the  Nile,  1798 ;  presented  Nelson  with  a 
coflln  made  of  the  timbers  of  the  L'Orlent ;  rear-admiral, 
1811 ;  K.C.B.,  1816 ;  commanded  on  home  stations,  1816- 
1824 ;  admiral,  1880.  [ix.  47] 

OABEW,  Sir  EDMUND  (1464-161SX  soldier ;  adherent 
of  Henry  VII ;  knighted  on  Boeworth  field,  1486 ;  drove 
Perkin  Warbeck  from  Exeter,  1497 ;  killed  at  the  siege  of 
Thdronanne.  [ix.  49] 

OABEW,  ELIZABETH,  Lady  (A  1690).  [Sec 
Carky,  Elizabbth,  Lady.] 

OABEW,  GEORGE  ((f .  1688X  ecclesiastic ;  third  son 
of  Sir  Edmund  Carew  [q.  v.]  ;  B.A.  Oxford,  1622;  a 
pluralist  In  rectories  and  prebends;  dean  of  Bristol, 
1662-8  and  1669-71;  dean  of  Christ  Church,  Oxford, 
1669-61 ;  dean  of  Windsor,  1660-77 ;  dean  of  Exeter,  1671- 
1688.  [Ix.  61] 

OABEW,  Sir  GEORGE  (d.  1612),  lawyer  and  diplo- 
matist ;  probably  at  Oxford  ;  travelled  :  buriKt^r ;  secre- 
tary to  lord  chancellors  Hatton  and  Egerton ;  M.P.  for 
various  Cornish  boroughs,  1684-1601 ;  envoy  to  Sweden 
and  Poland,  1698 ;  a  master  in  chancery,  1699-1612 : 
knighted,  1603;  envoy  to  France,  1606-9;  master  of 
court  of  wanls,  1612 ;  drew  up  reports  of  causes  in  chan- 
cery, [ix.  60] 

OABEW,  GEORGE,  Baron  Carew  of  Clopton  and 
Earl  ov  Totnbb  (1666-1689),  stateBinsn ;  son  of  George 


Carew  (tf.  1683)  [q.  v.];  educated  at  Broadgates  Hall, 
Oxford,  1864-73 ;  attended  Sir  Peter  Carew  [q.  v.]  to  Iiv- 
land,  1674 ;  volunteer  in  Ireland,  1676 :  given  charge  of 
Leighlin  Castle,  1676 ;  repulsed  Rory  Oge  O'More,  1677 ; 
captain  in  navy,  1578;  commanded  troops  in  Irelaad, 
1679-80 ;  knighted,  1686 ;  sent  to  report  on  Irish  affairs 
to  Queen  Ellaibeth,  1686 ;  master  of  ordnance  In  Irdand, 
1688-92;  Ueutenant-general  of  ordnance  in  England, 
1692  ;  went  with  the  expeditions  to  Cadiz,  1696,  and  the 
Azores,  1697 ;  envoy  to  France,  1698 ;  treasurer  at  war  In 
Ireland,  1690 ;  lord  justice,  1699 ;  president  of  Moniter, 
1600-3;  ruthlessly  supprened  Irish  rebdlion;  MJP.  for 
Hastings,  1604 ;  created  Baron  Carew  of  Clopton  House, 
1606  ;  master-general  of  the  ordnance,  1606-17  ;  governor 
of  Guernsey,  1610-21 ;  visited  Ireland,  1610 ;  created  Earl 
of  Totnes,  1626.  Portions  of  his  lai^collectiouB  for  Uah 
history  are  in  the  Lambeth  and  Bodleian  libraries. 

[ix.  §1] 

OABEW,  Sir  JOHN  (d.  1862),  jnstidar  in  Ireland : 
owned  Mnlesford  Manor,  Berkshire,  1327 ;  went  to  Ire- 
land, 1882;  negotiated  with  the  Irish  rebels,  1846; 
justiciar,  1349 ;  king's  escheator  in  Ireland,  1849,  186S, 
1866,  and  1866 ;  attended  the  cocmcil  at  Waterfoid,  1869 ; 
at  Westminster,  1861 ;  followed  Prince  Lionel  to  Irdand. 

[lx.681 

OABEW,  JOHN  (<;.  1660),  regicide ;  of  Antony,  Own- 
wall  ;  of  republican  opinions  ;  co-opted  by  the  Lo^  par> 
liunent  Into  the  seat  for  "Tregony;  commissioner  at 
Holdenby,  1646 ;  sat  as  judge  on  Ciharles  I  and  signed  the 
death-warrant ;  served  in  the  Commonwealtii  parliamenta 
of  1661  and  1664 ;  imprisoned  by  Cromwell,  1666 ;  retired 
to  his  estates;  again  imprisoned,  1668;  fined  for  not 
attending  in  parliament,  1669 ;  tried  at  London  as  a  regl- 
dde,  1660 ;  executed  at  Charing  Cross.  [ix.  64] 

OABEW,  JOHN  EDWARD  (1786?-1868X  Kolptor; 
assistant  in  London  to  Sir  Richard  Westmaoott,  1809- 
1828 ;  employed  at  Petwortb  by  the  Uilrd  Earl  of  Bgre- 
mont,  1828-87 ;  lived  latterly  In  London ;  exhibited  ak 
the  Boyal  Academy,  1880-48.  [ix.  64] 

OABEW,  Sir  MATTHEW  (tf.  1618),  lawyer ;  educated 
at  Westminster  School ;  fellow  oi  Trinity  College,  Oam- 
bridge:  studied  law  abroad;  travelled  In  Italy:  prao- 
tlsed  In  the  court  of  ar6hes ;  a  master  in  chancery,  l6Cft- 
1618  ;  knighted,  1603.  [ix.  66] 

OABEW,  Sir  NICHOLAS  (d.  1689),  of  Beddington, 
Surrqr ;  ooortier  of  Henry  VIII ;  attended  Henry  Yin  in 
France,  1618:  knighted  before  1617;  keeper  o^  Green- 
wich Park,  1617 ;  sheriff  of  Surrey  and  Sussex,  1619  and 
1629 ;  removed  by  the  privy  council  from  attendance  on 
the  king,  1619 ;  sent  to  Calais,  as  lieutenant  of  the  castle ; 
attended  Henry  VIII  In  France,  1520 ;  returned  to  court. 
1621 ;  master  of  the  horse,  1822 ;  envoy  to  France,  16S7  : 
M.P.,  Surr^,  1629 ;  envoy  to  the  Emperor  Charles  Y, 
1629-30;  entertoined  Henry  VUI  at  Beddington.  1681; 
envoy  to  France,  1632 ;  K.G.,  1636 ;  condemned  for  hia  shan 
hi  the  Marquis  of  Exeter's  treason ;  beheaded,     [ix.  66] 

OABEW,  Sir  PETER  (1614-1676),  soldier;  went  to 
France  as  a  page ;  became  a  muleteer ;  servant  to  s 
French  officer  In  Italy,  1626  ;  in  the  service  of  Kiilibert, 
prince  of  Orange,  1626-30  ;  reconmiended  to  Henry  Ym, 
who  made  him  a  gentleman  of  the  privy  chamber ;  tr»> 
vdled  in  Italy  and  Turkey,  1640 ;  served  in  the  war  with 
France,  1644 ;  knighted,  1646 ;  sheriff  of  Devonshire, 
1646;  active  in  repressing  the  Devonshire  rising,  1649; 
opposed  Queen  Mary's  marriage  with  Philip  of  Spain; 
fled  oversea;  arrested  In  Antwerp:  imprisoned  in  the 
Tower,  1666 ;  went  to  Ireland  to  clalfh  estates  In  Mnnstoi. 
1668;  engaged  In  civil  war  with  the  Butlers;  recalled; 
constable  of  the  Tower,  1672 ;  returned  to  Ireland,  1674. 

[ix.  69] 

OABEW,  RICHARD  (1666-1620),  antiqnary;  edn- 
cated  at  Christ  Church,  Oxford ;  succeeded  to  the  estates 
at  Antony,  Cornwall ;  justice  of  the  peace,  1681 ;  HP. 
for  Saltash,  1684;  high  sheriff  of  Cornwall,  1886;  MP. 
for  Michell,  1697  ;  published  a  translation  of  the  first  five 
cantos  of  Tasso's  *  Godfrey  of  Bvllolgne '  (*  Jerusalem  De- 
livered '),  1694,  and  a  *  Svrvey  of  Cornwall,'  1602, 

[ix.  601 

OABEW,  Sir  RICHARD  (<f .  1648  ?X  writer  on  edu- 
cation ;  eldest  son  of  Richard  Carew  (1666-1630)  [q.  v.] ; 
educated  at  Oxford  and  the  Middle  Temple ;  travdfed  In 
France ;  M.P.  for  Cornwall,  1614 ;  M.P.  for  Hiobdl, 
1620 ;  created  baronet,  1642  ;  vrrotc  tract  on  tmchiiMc 
Latin.  [ix.  es] 


OABEW 


908 


OAKEY 


9r  GABT,  BOBSRT,  alio  called  OKRvnnm 
iJL  13Sf ),  aehoolinaxi :  D J>.  Oxfori ;  wrote  commentaries 
on  AnMocle,  Peter  Lombanl,  aad  the  acriptorei. 

[iz.  6S] 
OABSW,  Sib  THOMAS  (d.  1481X  soldier  in  the  ler- 
▼toe  of  Hfloiy  IT  and  Henry  v.  [Ix.  63] 


,  THOMAS  (lft98  7-16S9  ?X  Poet;  son  of 
Sir  Xadhew  Carew  [q.  r.]  :  entered  Merton  College, 
Ozfaid,  ie08 :  BJU  1811 ;  entered  at  Middle  Temple, 
1«19:  Koetaxy  to  Sir  Dudley  Oarleton  in  Italy,  16IS- 
1€U:  qoarrdled  with  Oarleton,  1616;  accompanied 
Lord  Biatoert  of  Cherbmry  to  France,  1619  ;  employed  in 
the  flDorC  of  Charlei  I,  who  gave  him  Sanninghm ;  a  man 
of  diaripatal  habita ;  wrote  maaqoes  and  songs. 

[ix.  63] 
\  THOMAS  (1590-1673?),  traTeUer  and  hU- 
[See  Oabve.] 

[See  also  Carbw  and  Cabt.] 

r,  DAVID  (1783-18t4),  journalist :  whig  joor- 
in  I^ondon,  c  1804,  in  InTemess,  18U7,  In  Boston, 
1813,  and  again  in  London,  1813  ;  |Mibliiiied  Teraes,  norels, 
tadBOtaaof  temTeL  [ix.  64] 


OAXST  or  OABXW,  BLIZABBTH,  Ladt,  the  elder 
ifL  latO),  daoghter  of  Sir  J<rim  Spencer  of  Althorpe; 
kinsvoman  of  Bdmnnd  Spenser,  who  dedicated  bis 
*lCiiiopotai08*to  ber;  married  Sir  G^rge  Oarey,  after- 
wards seoood  baron  Hunsdon  [q.  ▼.]  [ix.  64] 

OAXXT  or  GABSW,  BLIZABBTH,  the  younger  (if. 
10»X  dacwbter  of  Lady  KliMbfih  Carey  the  elder  [q.  v.] : 
Mtiuniai  (rf  Thomas  Nash  the  saUzist;  married  Sir 
Tbamai  Berkeley ;  possibly  aatboress  of  *  The  Tragedie  of 
Karian,*  161S.  [ix.  64] 


.,  BUST  ACS  (1791-186ft>,  missionary:  eda- 
eslsd  in  baptist  seminaries :  baptist  missionary  at  Cal- 
eotta,  1814-S5 :  Tisated  baptist  churches  in  Great  BriUin, 
idfoostiag  mSsaioxis,  from  18M ;  pablLshed  tracts  on 
■isrionL  [ix.  66] 

GAXST,  FBLIX  (1786-1883),  anther  of  a  Burmese 
gnmnar  and  dit^ionary,  and  translations  into  BnrmeHe  ; 
an  €f  William  Caxey  (1761-1834)  [q.  t.]  ;  missionary  ; 
diea  St  Serampdr,  Bengal  [U.  66] 

GAXST,  OBOBOB,  second  Babov  Hdxbdon  (1647- 
irax  eldert  son  of  Henry  Oarey,  first  baron  Hunsdon 
[q.T.] :  married  Lady  Elizabeth  Carey  (yf.  1590)  [q.  v.] : 
•tmd  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  1660 ;  envoy  to  Soot- 
hud,  1569 ;  senred  against  the  northern  rebels,  and  the 
Soon,  1570:  knighted,  1570;  constable  of  Bamboroogh 
HMtie,  1574 ;  eayoj  to  Scotland,  1589 ;  captain-general  of 
tbeUe  of  Wight,  1583;  fortified  the  Isle  of  Wight  in 
apNtation  of  the  Armada,  1587 ;  envoy  to  Scotland, 
IMS:  sneoeeded  to  barony,  1596 ;  lord  chamberlain  of  tiie 
booaeboU,  1597.  [ix.  65] 

GAKET  or  GARY,  Sir  GBOBOB  {d.  1617),  of  Cock- 
iactoa ;  traMorer  at  war  in  Ireland,  1588 ;  lord  juBtice, 
IM.  [ix.  53] 

GABXT,  OEOBGB  JACKSON  (1833-1873),  major- 
fneral ;  edocated  at  EUzabeth  College,  Guernsey :  en- 
tp,  1845 ;  served  in  South  Africa,  1846-57  ;  captain, 
ISit;  brevet-colonel,  1864  ;  senred  in  New  Zealand, 
link5;  on  home  stations,  1867-73  ;  major-general,  1868. 

[ix.  66] 

OABXT,  GBOHGE   SAYILLB   (1743-1807),  miscd- 

hoeoos  writer;   posthumous  son   of  Henry  Carey  (tf. 

1713)  [q.  v.] ;  brooght  op  as  a  printer ;  took  to  the  stage, 

1763 ;  &iied  as  an  actor ;  a  soocessful  vocalist  and  mimic 

is  fiWidiM*  and  the  provinces,  1770-1807  ;  pablished  songs, 

(itey%  boilettaa,  and  operas,  176«-18ol.  [ix.  67] 

OASZT,  HKNBY,  first  Baron  Hdtvsdon  (1534?- 
\fn%\  son  of  Anne  Bioleyn's  sister  knd  first  cousin  to 
Qnaen  VHaaSatth. ;  M.P.,  Buckingham,  1547-55  ;  received 
lante  in  Bnckinghamshire  from  Edward  Yl,  1549; 
kaighCcd,  1558 ;  created  Baron  Hunsdon,  January  1559, 
a^  given  lands  in  Hertfordshire  and  Kent  by  Queen 
SHnbeth  ;  K.G.,  1561 ;  in  attendance  at  court ;  envoy  to 
1564 ;  governor  of  Berwick,  1568-87 :  active  in 
tbe  northern  rebellion,  1569-70  ;  entertained 
at  Hnnsdon  and  received  lands  in  Yorkshire, 
1571:  Havoared  Qoeen  Blixabeth's  projected  marriage 
witk  tka   Doe  d'Anioo,  1579 ;  kwd  chamberlain  of  tbe 


honaebold,  1583  :  commissioner  on  various  treason  trfali, 
1585-95 :  commissioner  to  try  Mary  Stuart,  1586  :  envoy 
to  Scotland,  1587 :  in  command  of  the  forces  at  Tilbmy, 
1588 :  envoy  to  France,  1591.  [ix.  68] 

OABEY,  HENRY,  second  Earl  or  Monmouth 
(1596-1661),  translator:  eldest  son  of  llobert  Carey,  first 
earl  of  Monmouth  [q.  v.]  ;  spent  his  bovhood  with  his 
father  on  the  borders  and  at  the  court  of  James  I ;  BJL 
Exeter  Collcfre,  Oxford,  1613;  travelled,  1613-16:  K3., 
1616 ;  succeeded  to  the  earldom,  1639 ;  lived  in  retire' 
ment:  published  translations  from  the  Italian  and 
French,  1637-58.  [ix.  70] 

OABEY,  HENRY  (d.  1743),  author  of  *  Sally  in  oar 
Alley*;  published  his  first  poems,  1713;  wrote  faraes, 
burlesques,  and  songs  for  the  London  theatres,  1715-39. 
His  '  DramaUc  Works '  appeared  1743.  [ix.  71] 

OAKEY,  JAMES  (1845-1883),  Fenian  and  informer ;  a 
bricklayer  of  Dublin  :  a  suoceKsf  ul  Dublin  builder :  joined 
the  Fenians,  1861 ;  became  a  leader  of  the  *  Invlnoibles,* 
1881 ;  directed  the  as^awination  of  Lord  Frederick  Caven- 
dish [q.  v.].  May  1883 ;  arreiited,  January  1883 ;  turned 
queen's  evidence,  Febniary ;  munlered  at  sea.    [ix.  73] 


I  OAKEY.  JOHN,  third  Baron  Hunadon  (rf.  1617X 
I  ijieoond  son  of  Henry  Carey,  first  baron  Hunsdon  [q.  v.]  ; 
deputy  warden  of  the  eastern  marches  and  marshal  of 
Berwick ;  proclaimed  James  I,  kiuff  of  England,  at  Ber- 
wick, 35  March  1603 ;  succeeded  to  barony,  September 
1603.  [ix.  73] 

OAKEY,  JOHN  (1756-1836),  classical  scholar  :  bom 

in   Ireland;   eiluoated  in   France;    visited    the   United 

States,  1789  ;  settled  in  London  as  a  teacher  of  classics 

;  and  French;   edited  Dryden's  'ViT^il,*  1803  and   1819; 

edited  many  classical  texts  and  school-books,      [ix.  73] 


OAKEY,  MATTHEW  (1760-1839X  bookseller;  son  of 
i  a  Dublin  baker :  apprenticed  to  a  bookseller :  went  to 
Paris,  1779,  fearing  prosecution  for  a  pamphlet  reflecting 
on  the  penal  laws :  conducted  the  Dublin  '  Freeman's 
Journal'  and  (1783)  *The  Volunteer's  Journal';  emi- 
grated  to  Philadelphia,  1784  ;  journalist  at  PhiladelphiiL 
;  1785-93;  bookseller  and  publisher,  1793-1834  ;  published 
'Yindicisp  HibemicsB,'  1819,  to  extenuate  the  rebellion  of 
1641 :  wrote  a  multitude  of  papers  on  political  and  social 
subjects.  [ix.  74] 

,        OAKEY,  PATRICK  (A  1651).    [See  Cart.] 

I  OAKEY,  ROBERT,  first  Earl  or  Monmouth  (1560  ?- 
'  1639),  yoiuigeHt  sou  of  Henry  Carey,  first  baron  Huns- 
don [q.  v.]  ;  employed  in  the  public  service  in  tbe 
Netherlands,  1577-81,  and  in  Scotland,  1583  :  M.P.,  Mor- 
peth, 1586-93  ;  fought  in  the  Netherlands,  1587,  against 
the  Armada,  1588,  and  in  Normandy,  1591 ;  envoy  to 
Scotland,  1588  and  1593;  knighted,  1591;  employed  on 
the  Scottish  border,  1593-1603 ;  M.P.,  Northumberland, 
1698  and  1601 :  conveyed,  by  three  days'  riding,  news  of 
Elizabeth's  death  to  James  YI  of  Scotland,  1603 :  master 
of  the  robes  to  Prince  Charles,  1611,  and  chamberlain, 
1617-35 ;  created  Baron  Leppington,  1633 ;  followed 
Prince  Charles  to  Spain,  1633  ;  created  Earl  of  Monmouth, 
1636 :  wrote  an  autobiography  (printed  1759).    [ix.  75] 

OAKEY,  YALENTINE  (d.  1636).    [See  Cart.] 

OAKEY,  WILLIAM  (176I-1834X  orientalist  and  mis- 
sionary ;   son  of  a  Northamptonshire  schoolmaster ;    a 
shoemaker :  joine<i  the  baptists,  1783  ;  pastor  at  Moulton, 
Northamptonshire,  1786,  and  Leicester,    1789 ;   devoted 
himself  to  study  ;  founded  Baptist  Missionary  Society  ; 
went   to  Calcutta,  1794 ;    made  a  living  as  foreman  at 
an  indigo  factory  at  Maldah  ;  preached  there  in  Bengali, 
1795-9  :  removed  to  Seramptir,  1799 ;  professor  of  Sanskrit 
,  at  Fort  William  College,  1801 :  opened  mission  chapel  at 
;  Calcutta,    1805 ;   issued  trauiilations  of  the  scriptures ; 
.  compiled  grammars  and  dictionaries  of  several  native 
,  languages  and  edited  the  *  Hamayana,'  1806-10. 

[ix.  77] 
OAKEY,  WILLIAM  (1769-1846),  bishop  of  Exeter 
and  St.  Asaph ;  educated  at  Westminster  School ;  entered 
I  Christ  Church,  Oxford,  1789 :  M.A.,  1796 ;  censor,  1798- 
i  1803 :  vicar  of  Cowley,  Oxford :  head-master  of  West- 
minster, 1803-14  ;  D.D.,  1807  ;  preben<iary  of  Westminster, 
1809 :  vicar  of  Sutton-in-the-Forest,  Yorkshire:  bishop 
of  Exeter,  1830 :  bishop  of  St.  Asaph,  1830-46 ;  bene 
faclor  of  Christ  C^mrch,  Oxford.  [ix.  77] 


OABZT,    WILLIAU    PADUTI    (17f«-lS»X  vE  ' 

ptiatilD  Lobdon;  ooeot  tbe  Hret  toreoo^lK  Ihe^enio^  ' 
at  Otaintnjt  tbe  Bcolpbtr :  mncivfld  to  Binning  bun,  1834 1 
pnbUibal  mui]r  nwkB  on  irtiaUc  ud  litems  qoalloua, 
ISOl-S*.  [Ii-  J83      1 

OASOILL.  ANN  (1748?-1TM),  uCm kod ToallM : 
sotsl  aoia  tha  uune  ot  Mln  Brown  iC  Coispl  Garflen, 
ITTO-aO.  and  onda  tbu  ol  Un.  Om^Ul  U  the  Es;- 
nurkct,  I7S0 :  went  on  ■  pnfaitoiul  Uoi  to  IndiA.  IIM: 
diowiwdoa  ScUl;.  [U.  le]      ' 

OABOILL,  DOKALD,  or.  amirdliig  to  tome,  DiKin.  i 
(Uie?-lMl),a  ..     .^    .  .^-. -.— 


i«ae.  and  fi 

Pbldlnwortb.  Keu 
laoo-l] :  iBctor  <if 
Old  Rmnne;.  Kent, 
bmitrj  of  Oanlfrb 
■t  Obtlma. ;  wltbdi 
UODlogne:  died  ii 


F,  WILLIAM  Iic,Saiir 
DDTbam ;  HouUr  pricat  at  Bayom  ; 
(or  OalaiB>,  Uaina;  abbot  of  St. 
Dorbam,  lOSl ;  eipellod  ,tho  seaola 


)m  tbfl  royaJ  jLU-iadlotloii 

.    BAMUBL    (d. 

Totua.  1710;  ttatort 


[f>.  ai] 

LBX     pnabytaian 
pabiithid'BemKHit '  [ii.  94] 

OAXXZSSK,  JAM^  ( il.  K7S).  TSTH  writer ;  BdQ. 
dated  at  Wntmlaitfr  ;  <t»!enl  of  CbrlabCha 


UaRdalen  Oallegs  Soboi^  OifDrd  ;  jo 
of  dot^^prcl  rhymot^  16 


*  Luclda  Inteiralla,^  a  toLu 

OASKXTT,  HOBlOtT  |d.  1760),  miFsl  oD 

17«;  diatlOKUiilKd  hlDuelf  ui  aotlon.  17(8; 
17tB;  lalL«d  to  uadentand  Holuej'B  iDitriictlou 
1780,  thorebr  ipolling  that  eommauder's  plam 
WTVokod  io  a  bDrrloane,  all  liandn  belof  Iwt.  17 


Fnods  WaUngham'B  ton-lD-lan  ;  toyed  at  sea  and  on 
land  with  the  Dalch.  U71-7  ;  lemd  imdct  OoDd«  at  Id 
RoelMUe-,  worlsd  EnglUb  merabiiit  fleat  to  Ku»da, 
1(81 ;  projeolai  Toyago  of  mploration  to  America,  16113  ; 
ooDUDuder  at  CiM«raiiie.  IBM ;  commanded  the  laud 
fOToea  agalnA  the  SpoulAb  Wect  ludleft,  IMft ;  ^Tcmor 
of  UMer,  IMS.  [li.  St] 

OABLXLL,  LODOWICK  (J.  Ie«»-lge41,  dnmaClat; 
■  ooort  oOlclal  nnds  Oharla  I  and  Cbarlea  U;  pub- 
Umed  niu  pUyi  (elgbt  eiUat),  [li.  ««] 

(UBXST0ir,BiBON(il.l73B).  [SeeBoTi^HxHRT.] 
lUSLXTOK,  Sir  DUDLBY,  Viscon.vT  DoRCHESTm 
(1«7S'16S1),  diplocnatUt :  eduoated  at  WeitmlaBliir 
School :  S.A.  Olaia  Cbureh,  Oxford,  IW :  traiellEd, 
lB»-ieolt;  ambanador'i  HcreUr;  at  Faria,  lsol-3: 
M,Pn  BC  Uawe^  1«K-11 :  leaTMary  to  Henry,  eul  ol 
"—"■ — "—'--I;  »»»TClliid  wlUj  TniBoU,  laid  Kair^i, 


coort.  Mar  1826  ;  envoj-  to  the  Hague,  \6!«-8;  creMd 
ViHoouiit  DorciieBter,  Jnij  IflSft ;  gr^T^tarj  oCitate,  IftSS: 
Left  a  maaa  ot  ofndal  coirrapoudenee.  [in,  87] 

OARLXTOH,  QEOROE  (1»6»-1638X  bUhop  of  Chl- 
cbetter :  entered  St  Edmund  Hall,  (lifgrd.  It7« ;  feUo* 
of  MerloD  College,  IBBO ;  U.A.,  IBSS  ;  licar  of  UajtIcU. 
Saxei,  1B39-1BUI;  D.D.,  ISIJ  ;  bllliop  of  Llandad,  1118; 
repreaeatdd  tbe  cburoh  of  Eugtaad  at  the  synod  at  DocL 
lalS-lli;  biibop  of  Chictiester,  iei»:  psbllsbed  aompU- 
mentU7  reraea,  thBOlogiail  tracte,  and  a  life  of  BOBUd 
Oilplu.  [ii.  MI 

OASLXTOB,  GBOROB  (Jl.  1738),  capUlu :  publMud 
at  London,  mi.  an  autobiottraphy  entitled  ■  xmarj 
Memolra  frnni  1A73  to  1713 '  (long  thougbt  to  bo  one  of 

the  Prince  of  Orange's  Bcrriea  in  tbe  Netborlanda;  e^- 
tlDued  In  ScotlaiKl,  16007-1700:  aerred  in  Spain  under 
Peterborough,  1706.  [li.  81) 

OAKLETOIT,  QDY  ( 16M  ?~iaSB),  blibopofOhlchstec ; 
J — .„!  _.r,..N,,... >.....  -iijrjd  Quten'tOoUeBS,  Ox- 


American   force.   177E :   mccsa^ully  defended   Qoafaec, 

I«ke Champlaln,  October  17761  U.S..  mi;  retnmad  lo 
KUKlaBii,  177B  ;  oommander-ln-cbief  la  America,  no-t: 

OAaLSTOll,  HOOH.  ViBCODNT  CtHLrroH  {1TI»- 
IBM),  Irieh  judge;  educated  at  Trinity  Oollegc,  Dublin ; 
wlidtorVBDeral,  1171 ;  loid  chief  jueUce  of  the  oamnian 

Sesi,  1767-181X1 :  created  Baron  CWIeton,  17B»  ;  enalal 
iBCDunt  Cbrlelon,  1767  ;  lord  ehlef  Juitloe,  1800. 

[ll. »] 

CAALZTOIT,    MARY    (1M3;-187J),    'the    Orrnax 

prffendlng  lo  be  a  noble  Oi 
blgatncualj  John  Carlet4in»  16 
1604;  tranaportod  tor  theft  to 

to  London :  hanged  for  theft ;  9  

'— -Nanatlff  :ix.»n 

ICHARD  (l»607-ls»S7X  mmpoH: 
LED  vuuq^  Cambridge,  1677;    Mob,  Bac. :  tn- 
1  Norwlcb  Cathedral;  roolor  of  BawKJ,  NolMk, 
-  ,  r-ibllgbed  mndrigala.  [li.  x] 

□AKLETOH,  THOUAS  (llfll  ?-lB«e).     [See  OOHF- 


id,  WL 


;      OASUTOir, 

j  ployed 


90 ;  turou  of  the  t 


oa?).  judge;   Jnatii 

OARLETOir,  WILLIAM  <I7»4-lg«0),  Itisb  nonlM 
txirn  In  IVroue  ;  sou  of  a  poor  cottar ;  taught  by 
hedge-pri«t ;  lulcadfid  tor  tJie  church ;  tutor  In  DnbUn 
published  DLimeroaa  rvalJsttc  teJu  deliiiaUitg  Iriib  lifK 
18S0-63  ;  pcniioned.  [li.  17] 

tlAm.rnT.T.,  ROBERT  (if.  1«»;),  poet;  pnhlhh-l 
IS!0, '  Brltalna  Qlorie,'  an  aUeeoiloal  poem  pnicfng  Ot 
church.  [il.  M] 

OART.n.H.       [See  alio    OinLlgLL,  OAauSL^  tai 

OiBLTUt.] 

OARLIU  or  lUBLIBLX,  ANNS  (d.  ItSO  7),  minla- 

turlit ;  mentioned,  1668,  aa  painting  In  oiL         [Ix.  M] 

(IARLILE,CHRlB'rOPHBR(i(.  16897),  diri»c;bUDV 
of  Glare  Hall,  Ouobrldge :  M.A,  1MI :  BJ>„  KM ;  DJI. : 
wai  rolditig  at  Monks'  HortiHi,  Kent,  IKl ;  pabliahd 


[UIT-1I81).   CSkCis- 

L  JAUBS  (^U91).dniiiatiiit:iiiiKU)i  tX 
Ttrmj  t^oe.  lMl-4 :  spt^n  tn  tlie  anay :  broagbt  om 
*  Fortm*  BubtAn,' «  conMdv.  1AM :  tlUoi  ikt  Affhriin. 

(ll.  N] 

OAIUIX,  JAMBS  (irei'lSMKdlTlne:  IwrnitPiif- 
~  AtHliht  OLunv;  I>,D.;  iolDt  mini6t«rolfi5cot« 
B  IJubUii.  lIll-H  :  commloloaer  of  (dDcatlon. 
—  --*.  mMan    u   Roous   cnthoUia  at 

DOblilbcd  HuoloEiiK]  uxl  contni- 

[ii.  100] 
SIORARD    (ITM-lMl),  CraUilalcei:   ■ 
'     ■  'lemUfs    thopboj-    In 

dladplcot  ThODiH  Pallia, 
1,1817;  pH" •■  ■ 


,  IBIS:  imprlwnwd  U  Dm- 
—  .jc  B^bUou,'  ■  tonnuJ- 
IMS.  UDil  ibopmsi  ImprlBDDail,  in 
iriuliiiUsppiiind:  opcnad  bill  (or 
;  ImprtHwd  for  nlai^n^  to  pKf 
ctarrta  nts,  i«30-l  and  l»M-f :  wrote  numanHu  am- 
miKtill  tnc:U  uid  KrUf.  [II.  lOIJ] 

OABLISoroSl),  Karls  or.  [Ste  Tiave,  TllEn- 
uui,  tut  KAU^d.  1877;  Tiirs,  FiuHru,  tliinl  Eaki, 

OAXLOrerOKI),  VncomiHaF.  [Saa  TijirE,  Ti[n>- 
ULii,igmidTiBC0[:KT.d.ler7  :  TAlfK,  FntHiriii. (oarth 
TBmij»T.l*»»-lTW:Ti*»K,SiOHuiiH.aliOiVi»ravM. 

lU-IOKL  [Saa  PonTEii't:]^ 


tll»;HAT,  jAiiB>.d.  ISM;  1 
lOL  Of  a*  aaand  cRHtlnn 
CuiLm,  tUid  ExHi.  1S74-1: 
tailta  Eaii.   lUt-lTM:    Bhv 


liu. 171«-1B1*  : 


CJKIJKJ,   OOTTKmt 


<D,     FHKIIKRICK.    Btlll 

L-i-UM  FHDimi'^i;,  Kvralli 
>  (16»»-1M1)).     [S«  Hit, 


....  I  ANTHONY  (l/SB-WWX  anrgeon; 
•ffmUoidlapnctttloiMniD  Turk  unl  DurhuD :  KoUhI 
■  ladan;  ao^aoD  to  Uie  Wcatminiter  HoipltaU  1T03- 
IM;pn(iaaMO(uiirtalIV  ■>!  Uk  Bofd  Ambmr,  IHUI- 
'"■■-■ ■loaaoedUiethln-bliKlBl.itmlali:- 


CfmtiT      NIOHOLAFi   (1771-1S47).    Bntliiiiary : 
^  itTork:  poraa  lb  tfic  Eut  Indlft  Otnnpany'fl  ivr- 

II,  Rojvl  l^bruy,  IB  E '  ^  compear  of  tApogmpblcol 


1*  1««9X      .  . 

ifirr  W<Ra*la  agiit.  S  3q<t. 


twrlH'*  lerlcc:  ffnulol  ooe-tblrd  ot  the  Ui  di 
id  atnw  Id  l«iidoQ  uod  Westmlnitrf.  IGSl ;  rr 
■  botmly  from  June- 11, 1«)7.  [U.  1U6] 

tUS,  JAVB3  (1lg»-lSIM).  mgnTer ;  of  LondoD 
gdchb«;  for  umiulsuml  books.  [li.  lue] 

LLTI^      ALKJCANUEB      (17K-1W1SX     Bcotliah 


I ;  EDtoBl  Bdlabaruli  Unlrai- 


OAIULTIjE 

ir«l:  itodtnl  Hk.  »  Qium*.  lT«t-«, 
;  D.D. ;  mlniitaot  lavemk,  UldldtUui, 

pnblljih«I  politlul  puDphlKi.  ITM-M ; 


[It 


OABLTLB,  JAKE  BAILLIB  WELSH  (ISOI-IMCL 
iilj  child  at  JohnWdri.  C4  ISIS),  p-  ■  '  -  -  '" 
1  aelf-nilleJ  glri :  wmu,  re 


id  4)iHRiloafl  lUnpultlon 
•  ■cqilAlnl&IHiQ  of   llmiunB 

Bsd  ilicii  In  Uhuyiie  Ko> 
attrrie  at  Udy  frtmids,  1041 
hudbMid'i   bapplnev  by 


ronw-l  blm.  lat; 
ibiincli  nndOnlgeii- 
Otifdau,  1M4-M; 
;  tJupaired  har  own 
nnndleai  jeabmjt, 
>:  dlsl  aatdeDlTol 
icni  wen  publiitwd, 
,™.  fltlUJ 

CAXL7LE,  JOHM  AITKBN  (lsal-la7».  pbyHdui: 

Kan««r  btolber  ot  Tbomu  Hulj'lii  (17M-ltiBl)  [q.  ■.]: 
m  HI  Ecoltfeubiui;  mula  iDAniiu  iKiilamr:  KA 


obnMl.  lUIMa :  lodged  In 
tnuubtlon  of  DwiU'i  ■  Enfi 
liuTvli.  c  IKU  ;   lAtUrlj  n 


'.!nlui  u!^''d 


llnboTKli  Untnnlt;.  [li.  IW] 


a  iC" 


OABITU,  THOUAS  (l»)3-lBlib>.  vi 

[q.T.]*tAiuiiii>;  iluJlal  Bt  KlIobuTKh:  i 
Smlilih  bar.  Iglt :  palillilial  UimliYlcid 

North  Ocnnany  M  bii  proiinde.  leu.und  I 
Eliere :  ^Itad  at  Albury ;  publiibid  ■  Tlie  Mn 
of  Gennany;  lius. 

DABLTLG.  THOMAS  (17U-|gg]>,  » 


K  BAII.UE  WUilH 
Isr  [q.  r.]  ot  IMlD- 
Ibuial  i  -  Life  ot 
DiH;  tnnilalad 
W II  helm  Mdiler.' 
I  [itlnglou,  1S»; 


Cbeyni'  How.  Clifli 
John  BlDBrt  Uli:,  Mm 


fonDaUun  of   Loi^on  Library.  I 


H    ID    IiODdOD, 

ibUtbtd  1841); 


it  BdlnboTitb  Dalranlt;,  IMHI ;  kat 


OABIiYON 


206 


OABOIilNE 


his  wife,  1866;  wrote  his  *  BeminiBoenoes  *  (pablisbed 
1881) :  published  pamphlet  in  favour  of  Germany  in  re- 
gard to  Franco-German  war,  1870 ;  his  right  hand  para- 
lysed, 1872 ;  reoeired  the  Pruwian  order  of  merit,  1874  ; 
buried  at  Ecclefechan  ;  benefactor  of  Bdinborgh  Univer- 
Bity.  His  'OoUected  Works*  first  appeared  1867-8.  His 
*life  *  was  written  with  great  frankness  by  his  friend  and 
disciple,  James  Anthony  Fronde  [q.  y.]  [ix.  Ill] 

OARLTOK,  CLEMENT  (1777-1864),  physician ; 
member  of  Pembroke  College,  Cambridge ;  travelled  in 
Germany  ;  studied  medicine  in  Bdinborgh  and  London ; 
settled  in  Truro;  friend  of  Coleridge;  published  an 
autobiography  and  misoeUaneoos  tracts.  [ix.  1S7] 

OA&MABTHBK,  Marquis  of  (1631-1712).  [Sec 
Obbornx,  Thomas.] 

OARHELXAimS,  PETER  (d.  1587X  oourt  poet;  bom 
at  Brescia;  came  to  England,  c.  1480? ;  wrote  first  in 
landation,  subsequently  in  vituperation,  of  Richard  III ; 
pensioned  by  Henry  Vu,  1486  ;  Latin  secretary  and  chap- 
lain to  Henry  Y II ;  lute-player  to  Henry  YIII ;  prebendary 
of  York,  1498-1627  ;  prebendary  of  St  Paul's,  1617-26  ; 
beneficed  in  Yorkshire;  prebendary  of  St  Stephen's, 
Westminster,  1624.  [ix.  127] 

OABMIOSAEL,  FREDERICK  (1708-1761),  divine; 
M.A.  Glasgow,  1726 ;  minister  of  Monimail,  1787,  and  of 
Inveresk,  1747-61 ;  published  sermons.  [ix.  128] 

OABKIOaAEL,  JAMBS  (Jl.  1687X  a  Scot,  published 
a  small  LaUn  grammar  at  Cambridge.  [ix.  129] 

OABMIOHAEL,  Sir  JAMBS,  first  Baron  CARincHABL 
(16787-1672),  Scottish  judge;  successively  styled  of 
Hyndford,  of  Westeraw,  and,  1600,  of  Carmichael :  cour- 
tier of  James  YI  of  Scotland ;  created  baronet  of  Nova 
Scotia,  1627 ;  sheriff  of  Lanark,  1632 ;  lord  justice  clerk, 
1634-6;  treasurer-depute,  1636-49;  a  lord  of  session, 
1636-49,  with  style  of  Lord  Carmiohad;  created  Baron 
Oarmiohael,  1661 ;  fined  by  Cromwell,  1664.      [ix.  128] 

OABMIOHASL,  JAMES  WILSON  (1800-1868),  ma- 
rine painter ;  went  to  lea ;  a  shipbuilder's  draughtsman ; 
painted  at  Newcastle  in  water-colours  and  (1826)  in  oUs ; 
exhibited  at  the  Royal  Academy,  1838-62;  wrote  on 
painting.  [ix.  129] 

OABMIOHAEL,  Sir  JOHN  (d.  1600),  of  Carmiohad : 
tried  to  ddiver  Morton,  1681 ;  involved  in  the  raid  of 
Ruthven,  1684;  warden  of  the  west  marches,  1688-92; 
envoy  to  Denmark,  1689 ;  envoy  to  England,  1690 ;  again 
warden,  1698 ;  murdered  by  the  Armstrongs,     [ix.  180] 

OABMIOHAEL,  JOHN,  second  Baron  Carmichael 
and  first  Earl  of  Hyn'DPORD  (1638-1710),  succeeded  to 
the  barony,  1672 ;  lord  privy  seal  of  Scotland,  1689 ;  com- 
missioner to  the  general  assembly,  1690  and  1694-9; 
colonel  of  dragoons,  1693-7 ;  secretary  of  state,  1696-1702 ; 
created  Earl  of  Hyndford,  1701 ;  supported  the  Act  of 
Union.  [ix.  ISO] 

OABMIOHAEL,  JOHN,  third  Earl  of  Hyndford 
(1701-1767),  diplomatist ;  army  captain,  1733 :  succeeded 
to  earldom,  1737  ;  Scottish  representative  pes' ;  sheriff  of 
Lanark,  1739;  commissioner  to  the  general  assembly, 
1739-40 :  envoy  to  Prussia,  1741-2,  to  Russia,  1744-9,  and 
to  Yienna,  1762-64.  [ix.  180] 

OABMIOHAEL,  RICHARD  (1779-1849),  surgeon; 
assistant-surgeon  to  the  Wexford  militia,  1796-1802; 
practised  in  Dublin,  1803 ;  surgeon  to  St  George's  Hos- 
pitcO,  1803,  to  the  Lock  Hospital,  1810,  and  to  the  Rich- 
mond Hospital.  1816-36  ;  advocated  the  improvement  of 
medical  educanon  in  Irdand ;  founded  and  endowed  the 
(^rmichael  School  of  Medicine,  1826  ;  wrote  on  medical 
subjects ;  drowned.  [ix.  131] 

OABMTLTON,  ALICS  or  ELLYS  (;f.  1627-1631 X 
deoorative  painter  to  Henry  YIIL  [ix.  132] 

OABKABT,  WILLIAM  (1772-1839),  composer; 
chorister  of  the  (]hapel  Royal ;  organist  at  Eye  and  at 
Huntingdon;  Mus.  Bac.  (^unbridge,  1806;  Mus.  Doc., 
1808 ;  organist  to  Hanover  Chapd,  Regent  Street,  London, 
1823-39 ;  composed  songs,  duets,  and  pianoforte  pieces. 

[ix.  132] 

OABKAO,  Sir  JAMES  RIYBTT  (1786-1846),  Indian 
official ;  entered  the  East  India  Company's  service,  1801 ; 
political  otBoer:  resident  at  Baroda,  1817-19;  major; 
returned  to  England,  1822 ;  created  baronet,  1836 ;  chair- 


man of  the  Bast  India  Oompany,  1886-7;  M.P.,  Sand- 
wich, 1837;  governor  of  Bombay,  1838;  retorned  to 
England,  1841.  [ix.  188] 

OABKAO,  JOHN  (1716-1800),  colonel ;  captain  in 
the  East  India  OoooiMuiy's  servioe,  1768;  major,  1760; 
brindier-general,  1764;  returned  to  England,  1767; 
M.P.,  Leominster,  1767 ;  served  in  Bengal,  1771 ;  memtMr 
of  council  at  Bombay,  1776-9 ;  died  at  Mangalore. 

Cix.lSS] 

OABKABYOK,  Eari£  of.  [See  Dormkr,  Bobbrt, 
first  Earl,  d.  1648 ;  Hkrrkrt,  Hbkrt  John  GBonai, 
third  Earl  of  the  third  creation,  1800-1849 ;  Herbert, 
Henrt  Howard  Moltnbux,  fourth  Earl,  1881-1890.] 

OABKB,  Sir  EDWARD  (d.  1661),  diplomatist ;  D.O.L. 
Oxford,  1624  ;  a  oommissioner  for  suppressing  the: 


teries,  1689 ;  bought  Ewenny  Abbey.  Glamorganshire ; 
envoy  to  the  pope,  1631 ;  envoy  to  the  Low  Oountrfes, 
1638  and  1641 ;  knighted  by  Charles  Y ;  M.P.,  GlamonpaD- 
shire,  1654-6 ;  ambassador  to  the  pope,  1666-9 ;  renudiied 
at  Rome  UU  death.  [ix.  184] 

OABHB,  ELIZABETH  GATHERINB  THOMAS 
(1817-1873),  author;  fifth  daughter  of  Joseph  Came 
[q.  ▼.]  ;  head  of  the  Penzance  bank,  1868-78 ;  founded 
several  schools  in  Cornwall ;  a  geologist ;  published  notes 
of  travd.  [ix.  136] 

OABHB,  JOHN  (1789-1844),  traveller  and  author; 
educated  at  Queens'  (Jollege,  (}ambridge ;  published  poema^ 
1820 ;  travelled  in  the  Bast,  1821 ;  (xdained  deaooo, 
1826 ;  resided  in  Penzance ;  published  travels,  biograi^iiea 
of  eminent  missionaries,  and  tales.  [ix.  186] 

OABHB,  JOSEPH  (1782-1868X  geologist;  manager 
of  Hayle  copper  works,  1810 :  manager  of  Penzance  bank, 
1820 ;  wrote  papers  on  Cornish  geology,  1816-61,  and  on 
mining.  [ix.  186] 

OABHB,  ROBERT  HARKNESS  (1784-1844),  theo- 
logian ;  son  of  a  Cornish  mercer ;  B.A.  Exeter  College, 
Oxford,  1806 ;  curate  at  Crediton ;  his  licence  to  presoh 
revoked  for  doctrinal  reasons ;  withdrew  from  the  Angli- 
can church,  1820 ;  pastor  of  a  chapel  at  Exeter ;  with- 
drew to  Jency ;  published  theological  tracts,  1810-80. 

[ix.  187] 

OABHBOIE,  Sir  DAYID  of  Kinnaird,  Baron  Cab- 
NBOiK  and  Earl  of  Southbsk  (1676-1668),  succeeded 
to  the  Kinnaird  estate,  1698 ;  travelled,  1601 ;  Imighted, 
1603;  supported  James  Fs  church  policy  in  SooUand; 
created  Baron  Carnegie,  1616 ;  a  lord  of  session,  1616- 
1626  ;  supported  Charles  I's  church  policy  in  Scotland ; 
created  Earl  of  Soutbesk,  1633 ;  immrisoned  in  Edinburgh 
by  the  covenanters,  1640 ;  fined  by  Cromwell,  1664. 

[ix.187] 

OABHEOIE,  Sir  ROBERT  (d,  1666),  of  Kinnaird, 
Scottish  judge ;  a  lord  of  session,  1647,  styled  Lord  Kin- 
naird ;  envoy  to  England,  1648,  and  to  France,  1661 ; 
clerk  to  the  treasurer,  1663 ;  an  adherent  of  Mary  of 
Guise,  queen  regent,  who  gave  him  lands  in  Forfarshire. 

fix.  188] 

OABHBOIE,  WILLIAM,  seventh  Earl  of  Northbsx 
(1768-1881),  admiral ;  served  in  the  navy,  1771-1806  ;  oap- 
tain,  1782  ;  styled,  \ff  courtesy.  Lord  Roaehill,  ftom  1788 ; 
succeeded  as  seventh  earl,  1792 ;  imprisoned  by  the  Nore 
mutineers,  1797 ;  rear-admiral,  1804 ;  fought  at  Trafsl- 
gar,  1806 ;  admiral,  1814 ;  commander-in-ohief  at  Ry- 
mouth,  1827-30.  [ix.  139] 

OABirWATH,  Earls  of.  [See'  Daltkll,  Bobsrt, 
second  Earl,  d,  1664;  Daltkll,  Sir  Bobxbt.  sixth 
Earl,  d.  1737.] 

OABOUKE  (1688-1787),  queen  of  George  11 ;  daugh- 
ter of  John  Frederick  (<f.  1687),  margrave  of  Branden- 
burg-Ansbach  ;  resided  with  her  mother  chiefly  at  Dres- 
den, 1692-6 ;  wished  to  marry  Frederick  II  of  Saxe-Gotha, 
c  1696 ;  redded  at  Berlin  under  the  tutelage  of  Frederi<±, 
king  of  Prussia  (in  1701)  and  his  consort  Sophia  Char- 
lotte id,  1704),  daughter  of  Electress  Sophia  of  Hanover ; 
became  acquainted  with  Leibniz,  and  with  the  Electresa 
Sophia ;  a  proposal  to  marry  her  to  Archduke  (Jharks, 
afterwards  Charles  YI,  discusfled,  1698-1706,  but  aban- 
doned in  consequence  of  her  protestantism ;  returned  to 
Ansbach,  1704;  married,  September  1706,  to  George 
Augustus,  prince  of  Hanover ;  resided  at  Hanover,  in- 
triguing for  the  English  succession,  1706-14  ;  her  chil- 
dren bom,  1707-84 ;  learnt  a  little  EugUah,  1718 ; 


GAKOIJNB 


bv  mbud  to  Kmlud  H  FtinoM*  oT  Wilo, 
■clBchidadbi  Osurie  I**  dlipleuan  ■mlut'-  — 
.  171T:  Und  *t  HehBODdXixKe,  ITIB.  wh 
le  ika  ImTooiltc  nridame^  Donnlrti! 
ir  with  ha  bfdohambH-wnrau  (li 


OAKPBNTEB 


«  aOriaa  mt  to  Bnaliih  poUtla  fo  JohD,binl 


IT  a«ois*  II  br  Sattorlog  hi*  nnltf  ami 


i™.i7*r7:«.ii. 


LDJiucaflCDl  opfnllo] 


lUTILDA  (lTtl-lT;t^  qa«D  Dl   Ded- 
—  -'■"'  --  tniaiek,  prinos  of  Vila, 
—'•  ObriitGiiT"  " ' 


law-IW;  b«dlj 


dtabrnrFd 


ttH  >nt  br  htr  hubuil. 


ddad  at  FnliTtki- 
._    .  7, 17n-> :  her  biu- 
taHBnch  tnfliKiiccdbThliainntlaiuClainuipliTiEDfKU, 
,^  — —  - . — .^^~_._^m^UirtUi 


■  bs,  Jidr  ITTl;  tupciiODidM  Emibuc.JuiiiUT 
at;  tUaaat  bdw  mmOoi  (Hliinmg;  finntal). 
ttt  qgHi  *M  mU  10  bun  KlnnirMid  hB- ruUt,  llETob 
inii  tlnmd,  Anil  ITTt :  Mt  DsiBurk,  Xaj  ITIt.  Ua 
■gito.Ginc*  III  oC  Bngtud,  nooepliirl  Ibe  oue  agaliut 

Mj.  Is  Uk  mldat  of  Duleb  onnum  for  bn  rucmlL 
[1..  U»] 
CUOUVZ  AUBLIA  ULIZABBTU,  or  Briuuwli^k- 
VdlablUul  (llta-iail).  qncm  of  Otorge  IT;  Haud 
iu^Sa  ol  Dokc  Obnrls  WlUlmit  Penlbtanil  of  Bnos- 
•fetWcdtaililUlia,  ud  a  PriDCCM  Augiuu  of  BtigUud. 
tacit  art  iMa :  >  Und-beutal  but  eocsitrla  girl  i 
bnadl^GwnimMa  bride  oa  the  PriuM  of  W*la; 
aluAid  tt  Ouhncn,  Huob  17fli ;  burIhI  it  St. 
'•Hi^l  Apitlint;  Und>(  OulturHODM,  pencouUd 


'RBD  JOHN  (IBtt-lBW).  pbyiL- 

*.TlioinMVH«iuil,ie»7:  M.R.CA  mid 

L5,A.  lai  ;  prmctijdd  at  Groydoa ;  M.H.  Lobdoo,  18(6  l 
JLO.  IHM ;  lULCP.  loSl :  liberal  U J*,  tor  Itagatc 
IM,  ud  Kinli  Btliiol,  law :  proUaii  of  eoaiii:U  oI 


dpta  lud  PractlDc  of  B< 

'""*•-  L'^oppl.  !■  ■ 
OAAPEKTSK,  OBOROE.  BiRoN  OiRricNTnii 
1731),  general:  ptgt  u  tbe  embnu^  at  F.rli. 
c*Tiilr7oncer.lB7)-ltm:llnitauDt-cci)aoel.lflKI:i 
In  IreUDd  ADd  Plandsra ;  quarEBTfiumUir-geDffal  to 
boroDgh  In  Siala,  17M ;  attaclial  btnweU  tu  tbe  ill 
rlim  party:  MJ^  Wbilebartb.  171* :  lupprtHe 
~     itsn,  1711:  conuiuuler-iii 

CAKPBHTBK,  JAMES  (17«o-lMi),  adraJnl ;  i 


iBwUiuid  ;  • 


I,  1U7. 


OASPXHTBB.  JOHN  (1971 


Loudon  BchDol  wai  erected  (1IW7).  [li.  IM] 

)KN  (d.  1170).  bUbop  of  Worontin- ; 
Oxford;  maiiter  of  St.  Aotonv'e 
KJ ;  provMt  of  Oriel.  tlST-S5  ;  rector 
at  St.  Vkn  Magilaien.  Old  Fltb  Btmt.  London.  UU: 
cbuuiellor  of  Oiford  UnlYenlt/,  Hit ;  btibop  of  Wor- 
OHt«r,  11*4-78:  beoelaotoi  of  tbe  ooUegr  u  WwttBiry 
ud  of  Oriel  CDlkge.  (It.  ISE] 

S  (■!.  IMI),  Oivine;  edanted  at 
It7u-3:  rwtor  of  Korlblelgh, 
pubUebed  derotlouil  tncU,  tlSO. 


unitarian  minbitcr.  1817-^,  nod  ouuter  tk  a  boarillng- 
BchDol,  181T-IB.  at  Drlttol ;  drowned  off  Legborn ;  pub- 
llihid  Kmioiii  and  oonlrQcmlol  tniou.  [ii.  IBI] 

CAItPEMIXR.    MAKOAlUiT   9AHAH  (1701-1871), 

portnlt-pstnler :  n^  OeUIra  ;  neUled  lu  London.  1814; 

maninl.  1817,  WUl lam  Upokbam  CnrpenUr  [q.  i.];  ei- 

hibiwdottbollojiil  Aendemj.  1H19-SB;  peiulonod,  IBM. 

[Ij.  IM] 

CASFEKTZK.   UAItY  |iao7'li477).  pbUantbroptit: 


"  [q-  v.] ; 


a  aw.- 


OAKPZirrKR.  NATHAKASL  (lUtt-iei87).aulbor ; 
>□  of  Jobs  (^rpontt-r  Id,  16)1)  [q.  t.];  eilucauid  at 
~  Hdmnud  lUU,  Uifonl :  fellow  of  Eicter  Ooll^  bj 


fioi^ai^ 


taa ;  F.R.S„  1  _    _ 

uioua  group,  of  fos.Ua.  [Suppl.  1.  »M] 

CASPBNTKH.    PHILIP    PBAR8ALL   (181M877), 
^^v.^>^^^  .  .............  „i.],^  of  Lant  Carpenter  [q,  t.]  ; 


..  llICIIAUII(/.c.  lUUXolpbem 


OAHPENTEB 


isiT :  I 


:  D.D. 


IMI ;  pablldied  Hmmu.  [Li.  163] 

I>A8PZItTZ&,  BICBARD  id.  18707),  nclcdutln  : 
tdnoMed  it  Hton  ud  Klnri OoLLeg*. Dmbrldgc.  IBM: 
vnmtt  to  Rmua  acholUdnm :  bnmUed  on  ihc  concl- 
B«b ;  BeaedlacLne  monk  ic  Dauy ;  tent  on  Ihe  Bogllali 
tnbdoo  ;  ntunKd  td  AD^Ifnuuni ;  rlonr  of  Poling, 
Sdhu.KSS-U:  ttlnrmut  sTBHbn :  vcol  buck  to  Pu-ii 
and  IRomuilflm ;  came  lo  England  and  joined  Cbe  Indi> 
pendente;  pn4clieralAylabDr^;i«tiin»dto  Romanlim; 
wnta  It  i^y,  an  nutoliLoimipEiy.  and  rftrlE>Di  pamphlota. 

aAEPSirr£H.RICHAnSCROMWELI.(lBl*-18U}, 
uehltBai ;  e' —   "■■ ■■ '  ■  —--•"-'  --  ■■-- 


iblttbed  poKtlcal 
[ttlWl 
(1813-1893  ). 


pMnpUeU. 

OABFEKTXB,  WTLLUM 

DatnraJlHt ;  rldeat  mn  at  Ijint  Canwnfcer  [q. 
tioad  to  a  phyflokn:  Tldted  Wat  Iw 
nxdlniDC  In  Lnndon  and  (IBMI  In  Blinbui 
■t  Brltlol  McdJcal  ScbuDl :  publinlicd  p>pci 

pnfabor  of  phy^oJoffy  In  l4>ndoa.  1^44: 


tto  Joiviiala  and  cyolopedtu.  [ll.  160} 

OAKPZHTXE,  WILLIAM  BOOEHAU  (im-liesy, 
marrial,  IBIJ  («w 

Twidjck  and  a  caUklivoeDr  prints  in  the  firiUih  Unwum 
tbOW-caaea.  [iT.  168] 

17JT).  Untnnry:  employed  by  thi.  DuSre  ot  Uhanftns  ni 
Cinom ;  atwnvards  iKtUnl  In  I^ndoii.  [tx.  ICB] 

JDABPEBTIEBB,  CABFEHTIKR,  or    OHAKFXF- 
TIXR£,     ADRIEN     (Jl.    176l>-i;7i).    portraH-painltr  : 

t  17W ;  oihlbiwd  In  I-oodoii,  176l>-74.  [ti.  IQB] 

OAEPUB,    JOSEPH    CONST ANTINB    11784-1846), 
■nrefon  and  anacoml^t ;  of  a  cqUiollo  lamlLj  oE  Spanlah 

BtodM.  aurgerj  In  London  :    nr^mn  to  tbo  Duke  of 
YoTk->  lEoapltii!,  CbBlua;  private  l«lnrer  on  anatomy, 


lelnal 


OAXX,  JOBS  {173i-IMT),  tnms 
edMntHl  at  at.  Paal'a  aahoul ;  bead-n 
naxBnij,T  ubool ;  LKD,  Aberdno ;  pu 
lUtDD  of  Lodnn,  E773-M :  wnKc  renc 

OAKS,  Bin  JOHK  tn7t-lH19}.  ti 

of  lbs  MUdle  Templr :  CraTelled,  lor  li 

put  of  Barope :  IcnlgbUil,  c  1806:  publiahol  a> 


[In.  HSJ 

wllnl  HuTol 

[li.  170] 


>t  hb  tours,  mi- 

t,  JOHNSON  <1744-I7Gi).  landKS 


[i>.  170] 
vpalnUr. 
[U.  171] 


[low of  Trinity  Oollege,  Oambridge.  IBIS;  r^un  pro- 
imoT  of  Qreek.  1M7:  oonalBt'ntly  oilhenJ  hi  Roman 
oathoUolim  :  M.D.  Ounbridgs,  UM  :  pntctlBol  nwlldne 
EnCunbrlde^;  pnbllahal  lAtin  reralonsof  EuMblnn  and 
DenUMlbnnes.  [li.  171) 

OAaE,  It.  (JL  16S8).enKTaTi!r.  [ii.  171] 

OABB.  RICHARD  (1B61-1706).  physician;  H.A. 
" le  CoiltvE,  Oambrtdn  UH;  nuutcr  o(  s«IIran 


OAaBiKOToir 


;  itDdlal  racdldno  at 
ISM:  ptadtlsed  medl- 


nrijunmint  In  tbe  Tower  ol  hti  frlmd  Sir  ThoniM 
iJicrtiory,  who  oppoacd  lils  projoMBd  ni»iri»g«with  thi 
CoBiiiMi  ot  Eiwi,  April  IBiS :  K.O.,  SS  April :  ■  dnnt 
of  nnltlty  of  bcr  marriage  witb  tbe  Earl  of  bni  ob- 
tA3i]«d  by  Ibc  coautHA,  3A  Sept,  L613,  Koon  aft^  OrvbDif 
bud  besD  polJioned.  It  Sept.  1611 ;  cnated  Earl  ol  SomB^ 

tachod  hlm»cLf  Ui  ill*  wife's  ^reat-uncle,  Henry  Howard, 
earl  of  Nnrthampton, and  tbe  Spanish  party;  actim-loni 
priry  seal,  on  Nortbampton'H  death..  Jane  1614;  lord 
cliambcrbdn,  Jnly;  dltlodgul  from  tb«  pbiee  of  flnl 
laTonrile  ot  Jamei  1  by  Oeorge  VlUiera  (afUrwardi  Dokt 
of  BuoMngham).  Noraaber  1914;  qoarreUed  witb  tb* 


pol™ 


l«tt, b 


n,  JBlyl««! 


Lg  g^aiy.  U»y  tsili  and  reBriring  a j 

pnsBeontM  by  tbe  stCon)ey.nneTU,  f 

fonnd  gnU^.  Hay  1610 ;  kept  prtianer  in 

Stui^haoiber.'lsao,  '  [Ul  Ifq 

OAKR,    ROBERT  JAUIW    (17;4-l»4t),   bfibop   ol 
--     ■"        ■      "  ■■       -  -.rd,l(10«;  fa.a, 

■ford.  lft»:  "blahip  of  Oblebew!^ 


Woroerter; 


[11,  176] 


publlshft]  ilev 


B,TH0UAB(1S1 


dear  ot  MeBhenlot,  Oomwmlt, 
A  tbe  Royal  Aixduny,  17BT- 
totbB  nation.  [I..  177] 

H674 ),  n»l  ly  Ml  tB"  Pi-i  Kxn, 


634  ;  foiuxler  and  co 

t   Faria  ;  prBltgi  ot  C^rdlna 

abllehed  Bngilah  traniLitlou 

iTrial  trsetd.  [Is,  177] 

OASBZ.  WALTER  RIDDELL  (11M7-1S71),  toBO- 
mphirr ;  took  tbe  nmie  Catre,  e.  1863,  on  ■ucceeding 
i  an  «tAt«  in  RDiburgbHbirc;  merehiuit  In  Loodon: 
willed  lalteriy  in  Roibimrhahire;  wrote  papers  on  toplea 
onnected  with  tbe  baricn.  [ii.  17^ 

OAXBIOS,    Raul  nr    (1363-1304).       [See  Bhcci, 

iOBHlT  OK  Vtl.] 

,  JOITK    DONALD   (17r;-18I7>,  aothor: 
',   laornatin  In  ataegou.  1838.  bi  Puth, 


looally  ana  mlnlaturlm;  rrmnirt  lo Newcastle, IMS, and 
London,  1836 :  eiiblbltel  at  tbe  Royal  Atadrmy,  IS41-6C 
[li.  17»] 
OAKRIZE,  BBXJAJIIN  (1666-1614).    [Sw  CARin, 

OABKinaTOir,  lj>RD  <ift17-16:sl.    [see  FHoDion, 

OAKanrOTOlI,  HrBin.BQS(i:i!-1838).  [SeeSum, 


OABRINaTON 


)iicODBmoTONBDMnKD(i7e>- 


Utfk  joi,_.  .__ .__ _ 

Ud^TODpie,  list:  i»cliRduOii]oulta.IIU-B:d 

n  m  oods  (sr  OerloB.  laoO;  knUhMf      

OqiOB.  IMO-S  ;  TTiMM  sftervwib  in 


^. , -6  :  TTvWled  ftftor»fl__    ..    ..„ 

4  ihHi  ID  J<T*7  ;  XJ>^  81.  U»u,  l«tS-Sl  :  ' 


imnalia:  bd  at  Nod  Tbmnu  OvrlngloD  [q.T,];  oa 
Ok  itBa  a(  TVinii  Wat  of  BngUnd  itevnpBpBn ;  nroM 
lor  bh;  — t»»lTii«  ud  mejdiotmiitt.  [Ii.  180] 

uXBDramr,  tokl  tbokab  (itt;-i  wq).  i>eT«i- 

tuU  adiBol  at  vISMonT  ImSTi.'  ud  iit"p1ym«ui 
tlg^ian-W:  wracnnHilfKrlMngDtfoiublreanncrT 


vHwlDSwedHitlSlliTmatl 
(,  isana,  lUt :  ni«i«idlii  m 
TMMdOinn " "     ■ 


Bnnted  hemtj,  IMS-H :  dial  uddmlj. 

[ic  lai] 

JOHN  TIFL&OY  (ISat-tSH),  ikdlniM  1 

■r  MeHqng  lo  Lonlaa  aal  IB  atoMHart :  Moal 

-  plttaUuiOpaa,18il,udt«aiml(nlcr. 

of  ftaUB  at  Rattooal  Tlalaiw  Hubool  for 

WlBoboolarKDdcaiid 

adnurtoalempMlUoM 
[SapjiLllMl 
jUtTHOMT  (I7n-17MX  Janlt:  bam  \a 
u^uu .  juuDu  tbt  jsalM  at  St.  Oma*!,  1741 ;  terrfld  on 
He  Snfliib  mivlOD,  I'M-TI  ud  17TI-H  i  mDTdersI  la 
Indin.  [U.  IKS] 

OlMtOLL.    UWIS  (ims-iaH),  p«tidgnfm.    [Sm 
(DDeais,  OaiBUB  Luthidsr.] 


TilimO()IUn,LaD 
ndsOs  writbict. 


l&ta^ 


I  *«lB  (1  TOlg.),  lUl ;  I.L.D. 

GAXn.  ALmUKSBR  (/.  mi-lgN),  palDtcr,  called 
'DHCbnc-;  CMH  U  Lmdon,  Ul):  reUnied  to  Bdlo- 


UXSX,  WILLIAU  (jt.  IglH-lStt),  pointer ;  prDbuhlj 
mat  Usaade  Oiuw  [q.*-]:  ut-audent  Id  Loadon, 
IIU :  shlbtted  at  the  Hojal  Acadony ,  London,  18>a--a, 
uluMlDinrB)i.lKla-u.  [li.  IKi] 

CAmWKLL.  JOHI<(;L  ItAD-lII)},  blibop  o(  Che 
Us;  nctsr  ol  KilmartiD.  AT>Tlliblra:  in         '      ' 
KAtoD,!*" ■  -- ■ 


.  3K.  A.LSKASUit&  (If  it-MM),  baptiii :  eda- 
rt  0  fllMiin  ;  briidatir  at  Tobonoon,  bvrrj,  to  a 
p«T>giu  nic«nc»t4oii,  ITM-18M,  ud  to  an  Inde- 


BrialdlTinl^ 


aaKn,  iamb  lini-lMl),  nbriloUii :  M J>.  Bdio- 
^Aint;  laatlWoini  hi  UmpBOlj  wnte  malloal 


9  OABTXR 

OAMIAKSB,  Wll.LI\M(tUII-i;iM,3«ttI>biutt*- 

tlcal  luanmoe  niidn  William  III ;  Ma  d(  Ibc  coTnumnDt 
mlalitfc  of  OatbCHTt,  LaoukBhlro;  at  fiUobarj^h  DnL- 
TsnlCr.  l«U-7 1  wltlidrew  to  Hntland  after  hli  tiXO^t 
oatliwmitadkdmtutncbt, law-It;  eaow  to  Lcndu 
probkblji  a>  u  ismt  dI  WlUlam  of  Orange,  ICII ;  poUtleal 
prboHr  la  BdlnboTib  Oanla,  KTl-t ;  rsldcd  In  Bngland ; 
ooudnMfll  InMfaw  ia  SooUund,  HoUaDd.  and  LDDdoD, 
preparing  for  tlie  Burl  of  Axsrll'iinTailou,  IB8I  ^arrstedt 
1«N ;  pDliUad  prlsooer  ■(  KUoburtb :  bl>a*klBHC  taken 
under  Cortore.  lueil  to  bring  SallHo  tt  Jerrliwood  lo  tba 
bkfk.  lOM:  i^ouDl:  miohtoroC  a  BnotHtli  eeiigr%attei 
at  Leydeu,  1 GB4 ;  aoeompaalad  WUUam  of  Oiango  to 
EnglHDd  u  cbipUin,  IStW;  obapMn  to  WUllui  lit  at 
oourt,  and  In  bla  campaigns  In  Ireland  and  PtaDden  t 
WlUlani'i  dblcf  advuer  in  Bcoulsh  atbdnt  prUislpal  ot 
Edlnbnrgb  UnlnertltT.  1701-lf  :  mlDliterolOrej  grlar^, 
Bdlnbnrgb:  leadir  of  tba  cLun^b  of  smtUnd;  a  chief 

Fn»,  1708.1111,  and  I'ril.  [11.181} 


BtboMcBl  Boatmr. 
;  paHiahtd  hla  •  rormo 
oc  uueaae,'  IHn  :  vent  lo  ammta  al  pbjildan  to  lb* 
Ude  ol  Bldglan^  IMa:  kDl«lit«d;  ■rate  oa  tnadlcml 
labfeotf.  l)x.  IM} 

OAXTX,  SAVUBI.  (lSU-l7tn),aBCiqaaij:  edoateil 
at  Magdalen  CoUcse  SrlioaUOiIorl ;  brDelloed  snnmlTelT 
in  Warwldk,  Leliwtcr.  UDOObi  •falrei.  [ii.  Ill] 

OAKTX.  THOMAS  (lOM-lIM),  biitorlan ;  »n  ti 
Samuel  Oart«  [q.  r.] ;  admitted  at  UnlToaltj  OoUcge, 
Oifoid.  IfiM ;  &A.  Btbhmm  Oolite*,  "O :  U.A.  Kins'* 
Coll<«e.Oanibridg«,  IIM ;  ordaJned :  reader  alBatb  Abbgr, 
I7D7'U ;  nfined  the  oathi  taOeocge  1,171*:  Und  in  retlH' 


't% ;  went  bj  tbo  namo  of  FblUipa :  i 

luilrateJe  Thoa's  '  Hl»torla  iol  tea., . . 

ngland.  1798;  puhllibed  Ut  -Utt  at  Otmond*,'  IIH, 
Id  a  'Gollei^tloQ  at  ,  ,  .  Pa.'ptn,^  1144 ;  eoergetJo  In  en- 
illlng  >ab»riberB  to  a  pro)aotd '  HUtoij  of  ""g'*—' '  i 
ublUhol  liU  bislory,  vDla.  l.-iii.  1747-»S<nil.  W.  poat- 


[li.mi 


□AKTSX.  RSUDND  (/.  17(3).  tDpogranber :  Kbotd- 
Cambriilge  Umimllj.  '  [li.  IM) 

OAXTEK.  ELIUBBTH  (I7]7-Ifw<!),  DiUceUnunu* 
fymou;  lnanuil  cTaiM'iisI 
tlbe'Oaitleman-iilliHin- 

I  •  publUbe)  a  Ira^latiou 


:  (17BT-1: 


[1..  197] 


CASTES.  <l. 

^iidon;  IraTtUed:  exblbltal  prlvatdy,  I'ru—  i.*,  .•.J 
OASTBB,   HAHUT  WILLIAM  (1787-1888),  phirrt- 

Inn:    M.A.  OrkI   OoUege,  Oifoid.   lElO:   U3_  1811; 

ruTelled:  M,D..  I811I;  pmfllBedat  DanUrbarji,  191»-»; 

.rotf  on  n»lk-«l  topic.  [U.  1B8] 

CASTES.  I 


n  Ip^^-id 


worked  lor  lUontntel  at 


papen :  gR»rat*d  from  tali 
wife,  l««a ;  oommoiced  ■  FtuIe  taUe'a  mutntid  Sew*- 
paptt,'  1816.  tbe  'Ohlmae;  Corner.'  ISSf,  and  otbv 
tDarnali>;  lMn«d  an  Ulastratad  taittMy  ol  llie  Amerleui 
dtU  wat,  IStt.  [Ii.  IM] 


OABTWBXQ-HT 


URim.  JOBN.iHeemi 

BiiffoUt.  1M3  :  rO!lor  of  Bull 
SiBbad  Bxpoaltory  InoU. 

OAKTZS.  JOHN,  tlw  yi 
ot  John  drcer  tbc  eldrr  (< 
Onllege,  Ctmtartil^.  1S03 ;  oi 


r(IIM-I«IS),p[irltiiuil 


IT  td.  leuXiUdne:  hod 

I:  u.\.  ooniDx  oiirixti 

Dt  Bt,  FEtiir  Hannnlt, 


OAAIXS.    . 


I    (ITM-tHiT),    dnmrhumai 
Uli-iu,  uul  io  llic  SooiMy  ol 


InBoglBPil,  lVw-18U.  '  "   ""        "[i>.  wwi" 

CASTES,  JOBN  (ISii-lHSO),  allkwaw  ;  pirnlyMd 
hy  in  Booldsit.  1836  -.  aopind  pLctnrei  bj  loainfl  ot  a 
ptsell  or  bmsh  hdil  lu  tbc  nwiiCh.  [ti,  WS] 

GAXTBS,  UWBBNOB  (]87I-174f).  jadgc:  ol  Un- 
Adji^a  (du  :  Tteonla-  of  Lracester,  I1»3T-1?V9  ;  nLP.  For 
Ldt»t«,  1B9B,  ITUl,  snil  i;n.  (or  BonlBtDD.  1710,  t7M, 

kalgbtoi,  1714 :  puluie  banm  at  Uxi  ndniiUir,  17ie-M. ' 
[il.  K>] 

OASTXS,  MATTHEW  (A  JMO),  loyalbl:  EentUli 
squin :  jolDed  On  KenUiti  InmrgenU.  It48 ;  prlaooer  at 
Ootntinter  i  publialud.  ISM,  ■  nsmtln  ol  tlic  ri>liiic ; 
pobllBba]  'BoDDT  Rollvlnu,'  ■  trmtin  on  binldrj, 
IBM.  lit.  wa] 

OABTSK,  OLIVSR  (UUI-lMf),  difiiu:  Hbdliir  « 
SbJobn'>Ogtligi,OuDbrUg*,llM:  Icllo<r,l»H:  BJ). 
Un  i  ■  iinMbgr  e(  MmnhnlCT  OoUcaliita  Ohanb.  ifiv 
UTI,anltdlavbofliral»»:fdkiwcHi  Uia  ruw  [oond*- 
Um,  IBTS-IIOf ;  m  UUb  oppaant  ol  Dr.  John  D^ 
vnidm  In  KM ;  pobUilHd,  Iffg,  >  omtiomW  mUw 
■gliuit  Bicluid  Brlitow.  [li.  »t] 

OAXTXS.  OWEN  BROWKB  (iao«-IWft),  nrcbltect: 
poetised  u  in   ■Rbllecl    nl   Wbicliuter:    publlBbol 

ii  at  Cairo,  iBWi   EiblblUd 
le  Rojul  Acsdemy,  IS47-g, 

fii.  SM] 

OABTSB,  PKTEH  <!«»  f-lBSaX  antlioT  ol  ■  bvlca) 
bntlK,  IKl;  MtDV  of  Ht  John'!  Oollo((t  Oanibrilm, 
\Ui:  K.A.,  '"'-  — -'■ — '  "-—■ — o-i— 1  ■ i^K. 

OAXTSft, 


WlDohnler  Qui] 


iiad  a«oin  n 
gUgpnghh^ 


'ihulelRnnolIlccliii. ...    _.. 

lonl-Uailaiuit  of  Inknd,  ifMM ;  Mndlr  Id 
SwUt :  TlnleiiU;  oppoiBd  WnlMiM  idnlnMnl 
1741;  nemCujol  iBttCilT 
1b  tha  Duntei  of  I7il  i  intaiMlr  onpopDlir  lli 

parUall^lorRuiOTCrto  tbi  pn|adloaci(  Btltlit  1 

■Docndcil  u  Art  OnnTille. «  bl«  mtbcr-p  dnUi,  1744 ; 
sdilaEd  Oeoi«B  II  M  aclnde  WDUun  Pitt  tma  ottix, 
1740;  raUed  to  rorm  a  mlnlitry.  February  174«;  KO, 
17I1U ;  lori  praMent  of  His  miinoU.  IIBI-M :  boo.  D.O.I.. 
OntOrd.  17M.     Hbi  Dormpoudcuce  la   Id    Cbe   BriUA 


lity.  itS4-ieai :  obUInad 


IC  AiId,  Brlttuii. 
Id  (IBB  to  Hm  rmUita  In  Um  WBt  mod  bi 

.   . Imdi :  mt  by  Oharlii  I  to  Jney,  IMI : 

niudttia  MMd;  nnt  out  prlnlan  isatiut  Eii«llih 
Mft:  giTearetnailo  royall9ta,IU6  ;  omttd  bsranet, 
IMB :  ittwitad  Htatv  Id  Jeniry  ud  Am^ioa,  ]M1» :  aut- 
nodnd  to  a»  OoDunoawoilUi  lapM,  Dwtmtier  IWI: 


U2THA0H, 

bgnse:  Ttiilad  Home:  dlioiple  ot  6 

King'i  Oounly ;  BucoHded  Uln  aC  Bl, 

St.  CVnliHb  the  yonnger  [q.  v.}:   eonuoHHinted  no 

OASTHAOR.  SiTXT,  tbe  yonnpir  (d.  OG).  ealled  aM 
MiirBUTii;  iou  o(  Uie  kldtt  oMSmy'i  BWlnelHirt;  In- 
eook  Uie  anrt  to  jolb  BU  Cartliicb  Ibe  eldv  [q^  t.]; 
btBljop  In  Kerry;  (ounded  the  monutEiyDl  Biibai,Klqn 
GoUDl;,  I,  SDU:  eipelled  from  Rabeu.  e.  SIl-tonaM 
mouuUd^at  Uimon:  commeDKinUfI  oa  H>j  K 

OASTHBW,  OEOItGB  ALF](ED(ie07-UBl),  KscfHk 
antlqouy:  TAOloly  ^C-t«u^bt;  pmctlBBd  aa  a  BoUdta 
at  PisinHnghani.  s---'--    •"-"  "    —'   "— '   "— ■- — 


entlqult 


tl..  SlBl 


le  Teoiplc.  lUi:  mja 


t.  1BB8-BS  ;  atloniey-gni^  IBM  :  1 


OAItTTBiaHT,    CKRISTOFHHR  (IBOI-lBtsX  4i- 


I  (ion 

IB17 ;  1 


OARTWBIQHT  ail  OABT 

OUtrWSISHT.  BDUITHD  (l'«-18W), "poled  In-  OABTWuaHT,  WELUAM  (!(ll-lM»),d»miiiitlit: 

rBlor  trf  Uw  ponr-lnm:  aitnwl  DnlTertilj  QrtkjTi     slQcitsI   tl   WwtmtDriw  School:    ■Coilnt    ol  Chiin 
-_._.  .,™.  «-...—  -^^MastUltniCol^tar&Oitora^UM:     cniorch.O.fort.  1«b  i  II.A.,  16*S:  .  Borki  pn«ch« :  hla 

1,  Ml.        [li.  ni] 
(^  lUT).  DCUr :  Ktad 

i»d  tin  klnc^ 
3uke  (■(  Yerk't 

M  UkDoJm  of  Bedford  It  Wobiini,BcdtoM<ElN,  IWwkli  OalU^  [U.  MS] 
IKA-r;   DJ>^    IBM;   rmiiM   b;   pwUuiait.   IMS;          OASIrB,  THOUAB  (d.  Itnn.  Indac:  taniiter  at 
brmaibiKfiiL                                                  [li.  ni]  tbt  Uiddle Temple:  Krituitat-liv,  ItM  ;  ]iuUae  of  tbe 
7BA^'CBB  DOROTHT  <17SI>-1«UX  ■t"™'''*"'",  IMS  tmi«th 


■H«bi[q.T.l: 

1  CutwriflEit 


MBTWMIQm,    JOHM    IM.   lltl-UU), 


(UKVX,  THOUAa  (1 

. .^ —      »»ui:  nftllrOAItL'lt,Le.C» 

rU  p(Moai,*i>d  truilitlooi     dloene :  (rmr  otutplAln  li 
[U.  na]         muiT.  from  befoiT  IBM  m 
K(;l.lMl>,nll>orafTbc     ISM;  ciar-choral  o[  t^c 
-'— ""  [ii.  IM]         1»M;  piiMtahBd  abiwul  ■ 


of  Hhut  FuS  rii  IM1  OIXTZLL,  KIOROLAS  (r(,  IIH),  poK :  cdoatel  at 

H1.TT.  t  ir»-JO.thtaB.liiK™.     .-opofmiinth.>llli™t/orlt.«l.tri[U.'       [U.  JM] 
(UXTZR,   JOHH^(ltTt  T-lUl),  iHdir  of  Urn  •jU- 


M>  inllllt  tnl 

___  ___,  ....,  —r-  «f  ndtk,  IITt-.v.  ■■>-         — ■  - 

M4  la  Uovliiddi*;  f'l^'rl  t*  Londn,Ifl4:  moto  ffnm  fitfam' :  ui  KngUnb  porltju] ;  wtuunw 

a  hmmi  of  ilin^llmili^  tbi  •■*t<  iiiuiuUiig  pulU-  '■'■^  "<>S  -  dsteoD  in  tli«  BnttUih  coMr"«*t>M»JI'^  'wwt 

—I.  tlillMill  *inj.nwilill|«llin  fliwiii  mil  miiili  'd  Lejda  :   Hllol  la  tin  U%jeowa.  B^itanbir  im 

V  ^adiBlBii  In  SkIil  [It.  »4]  oluiai  garsnDr  b;  tbc  calealsU  at  Kmoohmrtta,  D 

n.».-—  mraw      maBini     /iiki  ia«i     I  o«nb«:  mule  >  tnan  wlUi  the  ladluu,  Hanli  lUl 

OiaTWaiBKT,     JOfiya     OTWT-ltW).    mArinB  flirt  of  tmutrete  -— , 


■mUr  ;  apnUnUd 


.'nlilbltad  (USVSB,  JONATHAN  (ITSI-ITBD),  A__._„  _ 

[Ijr.  nij         plorer;  bom  In  ConEKcUoat;    nn  of  tbe  Bn^lih  go- 


il  forov,  1T»7-U  1  InTeUsl 

■*"*•*■  •"l-*^-  III.  »K]  ,^,.„.  „_.    ,„  lh,.l.nJlT«*  ■    r..»>.»    !«.»«. »l 


"■■'"  "  ""™'  'J™-       rf-imrt  u.  ban  iwriivl    l.ni.  DnnU  nt  luul    fmm  111. 


IT.    TBOUAa    (llIi-1801),   purltu:     „,„™„™„  ™«™«.  |H..miuu  u.  u»  aiim« 

•dau«Biai,ChMitirldac.IMr:  Mbolu  ot  SV  Jotm*!,     ikn:  pobUilnl  acoouat  of  bla  Eranli,  ITTH,  and 


irtba  toonMra  and 

— -.,  ^ —■  .~™-~.-v™— —  U-. --.«•,  1T7I1,  and  ■  Iraot 

t,  (kmbiUc*  at  lluTa  aanUan,  on  lobaooo^  17W.  [Li.  il7] 

;:_"*•«?    Ki:lj£^frili"'oi  OiaVBI.  ROBBRT  M.  mU  l«>d.<»p.  u^  «», 

iBDtantaalBUalMUi'i  {<>liit«;  wn  and  popU  a  aa  Irldi  aitiit;  axbLUtol  In 

of  Uh  •araUo^lMi:  ™Wln  :  lema  palnta to  Dniry  L*m  Tboalrt  and  aftw 


ss 


I  tWI.  UM  :  t'*ff-*— '  ttaa  ua  cf  Uh  •anilioa.  IMi :  unMin  :  tocna  painter  to  imiry  i^ne  Ttuatre  and  altw 
— ^ail  bUho  ij.~.  LoftiH  to  IraUndiia  obap-  "■'^  '^  Oomt  Qaidtu  Tbealn:  oUblM  landHaMi 
attTwtoSri  to  Cambridge  ll«:  Lad  J  Marjaia*     In  UoioB.  IIM-W.  [1..  IWl 


rt  dlTlidt7,UtB:  ketnwd  and  prwehKl  itfdnrt  OAKTOUO,     BBHJANIH     (ITW-ISM),     Wcala;an 

»  .i.jiltiitlini  Qt  Um  oboioh  (f  Kncland;  depilTedot  mlulil«r;  a  Comidunan :  Woile;aD  mloiiUr.  IBU:  wait 

Mi  pritilimililii.  Ufo.  and  of  fall  fMlomhlp  atTriul^,  U  Taimanla,  IBM ;  Uunoa  to  Nn  SmUi  Walo ;  lUrtad 

UH:  nllnd   to  doana:  TMnmd  to  Kncland,  1I7J;  tb«  'Aortnliau  Maiaitoe,'  IBM  ;  ntanial  to  Tinoania, 

allMiiB  to  Iba  aootlnail.  l(7t;  Med  to  oriaolu  tbs  ISU;  ntanm  to  Bngtwd.  lUO,  and  Kmd  at  diaaoit 

B^BWM  rf  tba  Obannd  Manda,  liTi:  amplorad  bf  ontn  ;  pnbUaltad  tiaola.  [ii.  t»] 

taMpoHas  IwlK*  M  crttldH  ^.^Ma^,'*^  OABWABUDX,  PBNBLOPX,  afterwmrti  Urb.  Bim 

<(ttiNnTataniait.UU:  panv  o<Uia^<ll>b  en-  in,  (itm?-1MUI),   mlniatnriit;     oWbltod,    17«-7t; 

*2Sl?  "         JlSJ™i'^fcilSd«M^^^  Warf  ol  Sir  Jodiua  Ba/Doldt  [Li.aM! 

SManitoSS°£M«i^  Wirwlofc  IwlTlm-  ^OAIWKLL,  THOMAB{l((»-ieM>,  ^it:  r»l  oam. 

M«l  ^  ^^^^^n    in^-   aauuuntol  Bdwarfl.  TBOaoui ;  of  Linoolnitilre ;  embiacid  Ronuuilim,  Itn : 

'         ""        ■••■'■■■                                 t    -       J  „,Y«d  abldb  in  London ;  wrote  agalnat  ArchbUlm)  Land, 
OASTWaiOHT,   TBOKAB  (1U4-11M).  blibop  o(  IBU:  rki.  an] 
ILA-,ltH;eb^dain:ii^Tnd^dl9BUboi>Itobsi          *'**'^-    [8«  .l«0«i«w  and  Oamt.] 
Uasv,  &  IW*':  Tliar  «(  Vtf tauiHtoir,  Ehu,  lUT:          OAKT.  BDWABD  (d.  1111).  Boman  aOiallo  dlilD*! 
■i^^  at  St.  Harr  Ufrf.w,  Ullk  Slrat,  London,  wait  abnad.  IMS :  print,  1UC1 :   nt  on  tbe  Eoglleh 
■W;  satmlaiT  at  Wdle,   1U0:  Tliai  of  Barklnt,  IMirioo:  amr  eha|4iln  to  Jamia  II;  JacoUto  apnt! 
UW-«:DJ>_  lUl:pr^2arTof  Bt.  FBDlVandTloar  pabUebed  a  Uact.                                               [Ii- MO] 
"                        '~ iJ^fi^i"^iKTw          (UUIT,  EUZABBTH.TncocsTB.iPALKUMDOSM- 
oilta  of^JamM,  dott  M  |jj,j^  d«iight«  of  air  tawrence  Tsnfleld,  tbe  HUfi 
■-■ "'-HBnrjOai7,»fl«nrard>  (IntTlaooont 


[q-  T.I ;  a  lingnlEt ;  e«retl7  tt 

m,  e.  IWt;  iccompaoied  ber  bgiband  tolnlaad. 


E.TSi  ^-rfit^  Mi^STTSw.^^  caUioUoinn.tl*M;i™mpaBWhBrhp.baDdtoIrda« 
■W^lWf!  ehUf  tlattor  of  Mnd»l«polltBe. Priori,  jm,;  „p,„t«d  fmm  hto  onuxount  of  nUgloi,,  IBM. 
■  ■■Re  enlHiilMlm  to  JamA  II,  IBST^  witbdrew  Eo  '     *^  (Lt  Ml} 

>         .  ..__^.  ,.^._  ^  -.,„..        ,._  „.__  (my^  PRANOIS  8TKPHBH  (IB08-1880).  artiet; 

■  Hairj  Frandi  Carr  [q.  t.]  ;  itadled  at 
■-'■"""'   "-'-,  and  Hnnloh;  traYaOeJ 


B  London,  Parli  OHM),  It^, 


OAST,  Sm  KBNRV,  Bn't  ViB.-tiu!,-!  FALiLAN 
I«i3X  iQid-deppty  ol  l>ri»nil :  Mn  ol  «  Herttgnl 
knigbt:  uM  lohirciUdlHJ  M  Oilord;  lemdibi 

DOQtTDllDr  df  tbe  b(HUCbDld,  ]t>17-31:  CTTatod  TiK 

IreUnd,  loss ;  Wlol  In  tlinl  dBIu  ;  tealiol,  IBSB. 
[II.3 
OAST.  HBSRT  FRANCIS  (ir7I-18M),  trnnul 
Dl  Iriih  atnat\Dn  ^  boru  Bt  OlbnJtv :  cducstal  w 


•nd  of  Klwhbni)',  Varwiokihln.  IBDD ;  pabUibcd  Ut 
tniuUtlaDiSSulcV'IiilB1u,'l)W,uid  d  tlia>PiU8>- 
MTla '  uid  ■  Fsndlis,'  1811 ;  bcouDs  a  nen-mldat  pu- 


lB3S-g  ;  p^liaHBi,  IM).  [In.  94*] 

OABT,    JOHN   (d,   IA9ft?X   jiiil^p  TmrdeD  of  tbe 
Deronnliire  porta,  1119:  rtluHd  to  be  Krjiwi(-ii(-l>s, 
198)  ;  cblEt  buDd  of  Che  niahixtuer.  ISM ;  Impeubed  Bad 
bulilal  to  Wnlcrforl  tm  faTouiing  Uiobird  II,  1)88. 
[il.  tM] 
S  (d.   1710?X ■— ■  — '    — '■ 


lUIX  aon  of  Bb-  Benrr  Cur,  iHennrdi  lint  i 
MMud  [It.  tX  BBd  BUabiUi  Our  [q.  t.1  ;  ■oom 
Ua  imnniu  to  iDobllii,  lt» ;  itmuid  at  tilnitr 

Poblln:  deprlTod  of  er '     '  -   

Eatbn^  oppooenta,  lUI .     

Wflt tail flifliUDgk duel,  JunuT  lUD;  l 

Borford  Htale,  b  lUO :  nlnly  uoslit  ivTJo*  Lo  H< 
Und  in  nUmiDenl  at  Oreat  Taw,  Oxtcndililn :  >ik 


■poka  in  fimnr  of  i 

pOMd  aboliUoo    o      .       ... 

■eontunlilp    of    itnta,  JaoiiaiT    IHl ;    m 

Oli*r1(Bltor«kia«ttaiueoaalcwiUiUia; 

Baptamber  IMI :  pnHD(BtUHSleBe<rfOtiNHalCT,Aivaat 
1C4I;  dwpali1ngcilnM*tliRwain;blilllaBtNa«bDiT 

figbt,  Beptonber  IM.  Someof  Ui  TsniiBDdpliUaMpbl- 
CBl  tnctBla  wan  pabUlbai  poaUiqioouily.  [Ix.  14t] 
ItdXpHt;  aroangarBon  of 

It  PaltlBud  [q.  T.];  brooght 

OBllioUa  In  Fnan  aod  Italr :  a  proUici 
1  vai:  u  Bbb«  In  Ital;,  baton  IHt; 


i  OASE 

OAKT.  WILLIAM  (IfBfl-lSM),  philoKiphUBl  inatn- 
DicDt  nukei  In  Lortdoo,  lT«l-IK3t,  [U.  K)] 

OAXTIn  JOSEPH  (1(01-1671),  iDdepoidml  dlTine; 
M.A.  BiielCTODUtge,niifDni,  1817;  prEmfherat  LtncolB'B 
Ino,  ls3a-i; ;  K  frcqnmt  pnaeber  belore  tbe  Loii«  paf 
llBmenl;  member  of  Mn  »»aiiiD>lJT  Aftwtnblj.  IMI; 
miDitlcr  of  SL  MinrnuE,  LoDdiHi,  latf-ei:  obaplaln  to 
olivCT- Cromvell  In  Scotlaud:  pastor  of  a  LODdon  odo- 

rmow^I^raJob,  lUl-M.    '  [li.  Ul] 

OAXTIX,  JOHN,  tllular  Baroh  Oahtu.  (lUf-imX 
Uplamalliti  Df  a  Baaun  cbUioUb  htnUj  Id  Soiaai: 
vnta  a  truadj,  taw,  and  a  oomadr,  icfl  i  tninlBUl 
partaof  OTJdBDdVligU.lCBD-liBiTaj'Ui  Bona;  INti 
aaontarj  lo  Qnm  Mar;  of  HodanB.  ItM ;  wtlbdnw  ta 
Fnuin,lCM:  anratair  ol  ilata  to  tbe  Bdkd  dnwatj; 
bli  uUte  torfellal.  IIH :  pabUAeda  TCnlon  of  Uh  Poln^ 
UOU:  cmtcdbr  JiimeaKdwBrd,thaOlilPiTl«ndEr.BBm 
Oarjll,  1701:ilii«lBiPBrt>.  lltlM] 

CAXTLL,  JOHN  <l«607-ITie>,  Iriuld  of  Fopa,  v 


at  Pops  Utba 
Btntdlotlne  mi 


CABAQSOX,  MBItIO(lM»-l«n)solBBBfa!BlBiiholBi:B 
juimgar  Boo  of  Ibbbo  Oaaaabon  (q.  v.] :  bom  at  QoHtB ; 
braogbt  ap  at  SedBD:  bnogM  to  BBgUnd.  lall  i  it 
Eton ;  itodmC  of  Obriit  Chonb.  Oifoad,  K14-1T ;  pob- 
Uabcd  Ttadlatloiii  Bt  bli  IMat  agalaat  BoBUU  aitbiUa 
ditiMton,I«llandl<M:UJUlU>:n:toTof  Bleadaa, 
Somenat,  laM  ;  BJ).,  1U8:  pnbCDdaiT  of  CutaibBiT, 


__«,i»«-t«: , . ,__ 

liili(d'P>liHla0BObninliiB,'l«7T.  [Ix,  U9] 

OAKV,  ValkKtiKk  (il.  1696).  bLihop  of  Biriar: 
iiit«nid  at.  Jnliii'ii  OoUqii:.  anmbrliltn; ;  D%nt«l  to 
Olirlit'a  CoU^fe.  Ita»  :  B.A..  Iia» :  fellow  of  St.  John'a, 

;  WIdw  of  (artart,  IMl ;  bkbI ■ 

1 1  pnbudaqiof  SL  Panl-i.  laol  J 
I ;  lealoc  ol  Onat  nrndon.  If 
I:  pnbmdBn  of  Lincoln ,  laoT-: 
(ga.OBtnbfUnll'I'^IO:  ajsctea  wa  ptunan  nion ; 
-r  «1  Onctt.  Bbki,  and  of  Toft,  CUnbildctabln, 

•-    "ml'i,: -    -— ■-- ' 

ipof] - 

-      I1X.W1 


It ;  ateotad  bj  pullBiDBit  fram  bla  bmdnik 
riled  bj  Ollnr  OnnamU  to  wilta  ■  hiabHT  of 
war  ;  icTital  to  Bwtdan  bj  Qucoi  C^fariatbifl: 
■  rloh  wife,  lail :  lauainol  bla  benOott, 
or  of  IsUuun,  Kent,  IMI;  pnbUibed  olaadaal 
'nolDdiDe    Uarcna   AnnlliB,   IMt,  a^ 


tarofoBlBA 


t,  JOBM  (d.  laoo),  Arlrtc 


OAO.  JOHN  01.  Itao-lToq 


ao-lToql  aatoalsga 
Jdm  PartiUf*  U 


OASB 


218 


OAT 


two  MialnmfciMl  traatlMt,  10M,  two  MtnlOBieAl 
1«^7,  mad  A  medical  tnot,  ItM;  stytod  lf.D.; 
OMdlaliiB  and  aftniogy  In  London.     [lx.MS] 


bath 
1MB: 


THOMAS  (UW-ieU),  prertyyterian  divine ; 
ml  Oanterbmy  and  Merchant  l^lon*  School : 
d  Cbxist  Ohoreh,  Oxford,   1616:   MJL,  16SS; 
at  Iforth  Bq>pa,  Norfolk ;  inoumbent  of  Brping- 
praietaer  at  MandMfter  and  Salford, 
for  oontempt  of  diordi  oeremonlee  in 
(Norwich  and  CheBter) ;  married  into  an 
familj,   16S7:  leetorer  m  eereral  London 
1M1>9 ;  member  of  the  Weitminetcr  aasembly, 
Eor  of  Stockport,  Oheihire,  164»-6; 
bj  parliament  from  the  rectory  of   St  Mary 
Milk  Street,  1649 ;.  impriaooed  at  privy  to  the 
to  raoaU  Oharlee  II,  16il ;  rector  of  St. 
London,  16iSf;  deputed  by  pres- 
to oongratnlate  Oharlee   n  at  the   Hagne, 
*f*^r**'-  to  Ghartei  II ;  member  of  the  Savoy  oon- 
IMl ;  ejected  for  nonconformity,  1663 :  pnbUsbed 

[GcS64] 

JOHN  (1890-1891X  mathematioian ;  en- 
Med  aa  national  achool  teacher ;  •chohu'.  Trinity  OoUege, 
Kuia,  1861 :  BA^186S ;  honorary  LUD^  1869 ;  matbe- 
■etionl  master  in  Kingiton  school,  186S-73  ;  member  of 
BsvallritBh  Academy,  1866,  and  cooncillor,  1880;  pro- 
kasor  of  hi^ier  malhrniattos  and  mathematical  physios. 
GathaUe  oniversity,  1878-81 ;  F.a^  1876 ;  feUow  of 
Boyal  Uaiwraity,  1881 :  honorary  LLJ)^  1886 :  lectoier  in 
■athematiee,  Univerdty  OoUege,  Stephen*B  Oreen,  1881- 
IBil ;  puhikhfd  mathwnatioal  treatfaes.    [SoppLLSM] 

WILLIAM,   the  eUer  (169S-1766X  type- 
In  Woroeslenhire:  cngraTer  on  metal ; 
■p  ibop  in  London,  1716 ;  began  t]^»4oanding,  1716, 
Ha  Ifpe  beorwnliig  famooa.  [iz.  967] 


„  WILLIA3C  the  yoonoer  (17S0-in8),  type- 
:  oUeat  eon  of  William  Oaalon  the  dder  Fq.  v.] ; 
fan  his  father's   bwinees,  1743 ;  carried  it  on 
ioeeeMfnUy  after  hia  fatber'a  death.  [iz.  967] 


I,  Sn  JOHN  (1M8-1718X  merchant  and  bene- 
fKior oC cttj oC  London;  alderman  of  Fortaoken  ward, 
LobAob,  1710 ;  MJP.  for  city,  1710  and  1718 ;  sheriff, 
1711;  knitted,  1713;  foanded  by  legacy  a  scbo<^  at 

[SoppL  1.396] 


CUMMM,  8TKPHBN  HTDB  (1788-1841),  eocksias- 
tfodUocrapher ;  bom  at  Oalcotta;  KA,  Magdalen  UaU, 
QiiHd,  18U;  oozate  in  Somerset  and  Wiltshire ;  vicar 
of  Brotoo,  ni'ff'"""*t  1881:  pohUahed  aermons  and  trite 
Has  or  the  Mehopa  of  SaUsbory,  1894,  of  Winchester, 
mi  (1880)  of  Bath  and  Wells.  [ix.  868] 


or  01A88BL8,  BI(3HABD  (tf.  1751X    [See 
Casiuk,  Bicbabd.] 


JOHN  a817-1866X  pobliaher ;  aon  of  a 
pobHcan  ;  bred  a  carpenter  ;  sdf -taoght ;  a 
IHftBtal  leetarer;  removed  to  London,  1886:  opened  a 
gnoeit^  abop  before  1847 ;  commenced  pnbliabing  maga- 
liaes  and  books  for  popaburinatmction,  1860.    [ix.  868] 


JAMBS  (1819-1879X  painter ;  exhibited  in 
Bfinboxgh  and  London.  [ix.  869] 


>,  Baku  of.     [See  Kknxkdt,  Gilbkrt, 

EamIs,  d,  US7 ;  Kbknsdt,  Oilbbit,  thizd  Ejliil, 
11177-1668;  KssnnDT,  Oilbbrt,  fourth  Earl,  1641?- 
1176;  KsarxKDT,  Johx,  fifth  Barl,  1667  ?- 1616  : 
KonnDT,  Jobs,  sixth  Barl,  1696  7-1668;  EIjennkdy, 
ion,  seventh  Barl,  1646  7-1701.] 

OAHimiAIJVirB  (/.  64  B.C.X  in  Wdah,  0A8WAL- 
uwv,  Britiah  prince :  oUef  of  the  Oatovellaani  (Hert- 
iwd,  BooUnglMm,  and  Berk  shires) :  opposed  Jolins  OsBsar 
ii  Ids  SBOOod  caaipaign  in  Britam  :  defeated  at  a  ford 
sicr  Utt  Thames:  ms  store>town  shown  to  Ossar  by  re- 
vrtlid  sobieet  tribes;  sobmttted  to  Ossar,  and  gave 

[lx.870] 


PBTBB  (1684-1749X  painter  and  en- 
Cnvw  of  still-life ;  bom  at  Antwerp ;  came  to  England, 
UU;  ifcajgnrr  d  calico  patterns  at  Tooting,  1786,  and 
BktMod.  [ix.  871] 

QIRBLL,  BDMUND  (1606-1686),  Semitic  scholar ; 
«*n<6  Inunanoel  College,  Cambridge,  1681 ;  MJL.,  1688 ; 
U)i,  16tt :  began  hU  'Lexicon  Heptaglotton,*  1661  (pob- 


liihed  1669) ;  hdped  Brian  Walton  in  the  *  BibUa  Foly- 
glotta '  (pnblished  1667) ;  pabUahed  verses  oongratolating 
Charles  U  on  the  Bestoratlon,  1660 ;  DJ).,  1661 ;  chapAain 
to  Charles  II,  1666 ;  prebendary  of  Canterbury,  1667 ; 
professor  of  Arabic  at  Cambridge ;  sacoessively  inoambent 
of  Hatfield  Feverel  and  Woodham  Walter,  Essex,  and 
Hlgham-Oobion,  Bedfordshire :  bequeathed  oriental  mauu- 
aoripte  to  Cambridge  University.  [ix.  371] 

0A8TBLL,  WILLIAM  (<f.  1646),  aathor  of  two  pam- 
phlets on  America,  1641-4 ;  rector  of  Coorteenhall,  North- 
amptonshire, 1687.  [ix.  378] 

OA8TELL0,  ADRIAN  db  (1460  7-1681?).  [See 
Adrian  db  Cabtbllo.] 

CASTILLO,  JOHN  (1798-1846X  or  CAfliXLLO,  aathor 
of  poema  in  the  Cnevdand  dialect;  bom  of  Roman 
catbolio  parents  near  Dublin ;  brought  up  near  Whitby, 
Yorkshire;  stonemason  in  Clevdand;  j<Hned  the  Wes- 
leyana,  1818 ;  a  local  preacher.  [ix.  878] 

GA8TZVB,  THOMAS  (<f.  1798 ?X  soldier;  a  Manx- 
man ;  Serjeant  in  tlie  4th  foot ;  deeerted ;  served  in  the 
French  forces  in  America  ;  said  to  have  been  col<nieI  of 
foot  in  France,  c.  1789 ;  wrongly  identified  with  General 
Adam  Philip  de  Custine  (guillotined  1798).        [Ix.  878] 

(3A8TLB,  EDMUND  (I698-1760X  ecclesiastic;  edn- 
cated  at  Canterbury  ;  scholar  of  Corpus  Chrifti  College, 
Cambridge,  1716  ;  aA.,  1719 ;  feUow,  1788 ;  pubUc  orator 
at  Cambridge,  1786-9 ;  vicar  of  Elm  and  Emneth,  Isle  of 
Ely,  1789 ;  rector  of  Barley,  Hertfordshire :  bead-master  of 
St.  Paul's  School,  1744;  master  of  Corpus  Cbristi 
College,  Cambridge,  1744 ;  prebendary  of  Lincoln,  1747  ; 
dean  of  Hereford,  1748.  [ix.  874] 

CA8TLB,  GEORGB  (1686  7-1678X  physician ;  educated 
at  Thame  school :  B.A.  Balliol  College,  Oxford,  1664  ; 
fellow  of  AU  Souls*,  1666  ;  M J>.,  1666 :  practised  in  West- 
minster; physician  to  the  (Jharterhouse ;  published  a 
medical  tract.  [ix.  874] 

0A8TLB,  0A88BL.  or  GA88SL8,  RICHARD  (d. 
1761),  architect ;  bom  in  Germany  of  Cteraian  parents  ; 
went  to  Ireland  before  1780 ;  designed  many  buildhigs  in 
Dublin  and  the  provinces ;  publbhed  one  pamphlet,  1786. 

[ix.  874] 

0A8TLB,  THOMAS  (1804 7-1840 ?X  physician;  ap- 
prenticed to  a  surgeon  at  Hythe ;  studied  at  Guy's  Hospi- 
tal, 1886 :  resident  in  Brighton ;  styled  himsdf  M.D.  in 
1888  ;  published  medical  and  botanical  text-booka,  1886- 
1887.  [ix.  876] 

GASTLBHAYEM,  third  Earl  of  (1617  7-1684).  [See 
ToucHET,  Jambs.] 

OABTLBKAINB,  Countesh  or  (1641-1709).  [See 
YiLLiKRs,  Barbara,  Duchksh  of  Clkveland.] 

GA8TLSKAIHB,  Earl  of  (tf.  1706).  [See  Pauckb, 
Roobb.] 

GA8TLXRSA0H,  Vmcount  (1739-1881).  [See 
Stkwabt,  Bobbbt.] 

GA8TLBT0V,  Babl  of  (<f.  1788).  [See  Saukdbrsox, 
Jambs.] 

CA8TB0,  ALFONSO  T  (1496-1668),  theologian;  a 
Spaniard:  Franciscan  friar;  chaplain  to  the  Spanish 
merchants  at  Bruges,  1688 ;  published  bis  famous  *  Ad- 
versus  Hiereses,'  1684  ;  preacher  at  Salamanca  ;  chaplain 
to  Charles  V;  published  sermons,  1537-40,  *De  justa 
haereticorum  pnnitione,*  1647,  and  'De  potestate  le^^ 
poenalis,'  1660 ;  sent  with  Philip  of  Spain  to  Bngland  aa 
nia  adviser,  1664;  declared  the  burnings  of  English 
heretica  to  be  carried  ont  too  hastily,  February  1666  ;  had 
a  discussion  fan  prison  with  John  Bradford  (1610  7-1666) 
[q.  v.] ;  at  Antwerp,  1666  ;  named  archbishop  of  Com- 
post^ 1667 ;  died  at  Brussels.  [ix.  876] 

GA8WALL,  EDWARD  (1814-1878X  hymn-writer; 
MJL  Braaenoee  College,  Oxford,  1888;  incumbent  of 
Stratford-snb-Castle,  Wiltshire ;  embraced  Roman  Catho- 
licism, 1847  ;  a  father  of  the  Birmingham  Oratory,  1860 ; 
published  Oxford  jeux  (Caprit^  1836-7,  sermons,  1846, 
hymns  and  verses,  1849-66.  [ix.  376] 

OAT,  CHRISTOPHER  ifl.  1703-1738X  keeper  of  the 
*  C^t  and  Fiddle  *  in  London  and  afterwards  of  ttie  *  Foun- 
tain '  tavem,  in  which  the  Kit-Cat  Club  met,  1708-80. 

[ix.  877] 


OATOHEB 


214 


OATHBBINE 


OATOaSR  or  BU&TOV,  EDWABD  (1684?-16S4rX 
iesoit :  of  Orid  Ck>Ue8«,  Oxford,  lft97  ;  B.A.  BaUiol  Gol- 
iQge,  1608 :  embraced  Roman  oatbolicinn  at  Borne,  1606 ; 
joined  the  jeenite  at  Loavain,  c  1609  ;  procurator  of  tbe 
jeBoitB  at  Lidge,  16S1-S ;  eent  on  the  Bnglish  mLMkMi ; 
translated  theologtoal  tnote.  [ix.  878] 

OATCHPOLB,  MARGARBT  (1773-1841),  adven- 
toroBS  :  daughter  of  a  Suffolk  labourer ;  domestic  servant 
in  Ipswich  ;  stole  her  master's  horse  to  join  a  seaman  in 
London,  1797 ;  escaped  from  Ipswich  gaol,  1800 :  trans- 
ported to  Australia,  1801 ;  married  a  settler ;  resided  in 
Sydney,  1828-41.  Li*.  ^78] 

OATOOTT,  ALEXANDER  C178»-1779X  divine; 
eldest  sou  of  Alexander  Stopford  Oatcott  [q.  v.]  ;  entered 
Winchester  School,  1789  ;  BJL  Wadham  UoUege,  Oxford, 
1748 ;  curate  in  Bristol ;  vicar  of  Temple  Ohurch.  Bristol ; 
wrote  in  defence  of  the  traditional  mterpretation  of  the 
Mosaic  deluge,  1766-6a  [ix.  878] 

OATOOTT,  ALEXANDER  STOPFORD  (1698-1749), 
divine  and  poet ;  entered  Merohant  Tftylon'  School,  1699 ; 
scholar  of  St.  John's  College,  Oxford,  1709  ;  fellow,  1718- 
1788;  B.O.Lw,  1718;  head-master  of  Bristol  grammar 
school,  1788-44 ;  preacher  in  Bristol ;  rector  of  St. 
Stephen's,  Bristol.  1744 ;  poblished  poems,  171ft-17,  ex- 
positions of  the  views  of  John  Hatcninson  [q.  v.],  1738, 
and  sermons.  [ix.  879] 

OATSS,  WILLIAlf  LBIST  RBADWIN  (1881-1896X 
compiler ;  passed  in  law  at  London  University ;  articled 
as  solicitor  at  Thatcham,  1844;  engaged  in  private 
tuition  ;  assisted  Bernard  BoUngbroke  Woodward  [q.  v.] 
in  *  Encyclo|MBdia  of  Ohronology,*  1860-78 ;  edited  '  Dic- 
tionary of  General  Biography,*  1867,  and  poblished  other 
compilations.  [SuppL  i.  396] 

OATSSBT,  SiB  JOHN  (d.  1486X  judge ;  of  Whistoo, 
Nortiiamptonshire :  of  the  Inner  Temple,  1458 ;  serjeant- 
at-law,  1463  ;  justice  of  common  pleas,  1481 :  knighted, 
1488.  [ix.  880] 

OATSSBT,  HARK  (1679  7-1749),  natoralist ;  studied 
natural  science  in 'London;  collected  plants  in  North 
America,  1710-19,  and  again,  1788-6  ;  resided  in  London ; 
published  a  *  Natural  History  of  Oarolina,*  1731-43,  and 
descriptions  of  some  American  fauna  and  flora. 

[U.  881] 

OATBBBT,  ROBERT  (lf73-1606X  conspirator ;  son 
and  heir  of  Sir  William  Oatesby  of  Lapworth,  Warwick- 
shire, a  rich  Roman  catholic  squire,  often  harassed  for 
recusancy ;  possibly  educated  at  Douay ;  of  Olouoester 
Hall,  Oxford.  1586 ;  inherited  Ohastleton,  Oxfordshire, 
1593 ;  took  a  leading  part  in  the  Bari  of  Essex's  rising, 
1601 :  heavily  fined :  sold  Ohastleton  and  retired  to  his 
mother's  house  at  Ashby  St  Legers,  Northamptonshire ; 
imprisoned  as  a  malcontent,  1603;  released;  joined 
Thomas  Winter  and  Quy  Fawkes  in  the  Gunpowder  plot, 
summer  of  1604;  fled  from  Westminster  to  Ashby  St. 
Legers  on  Guy  Fawkes's  arrest,  5  Nov.  1605  ;  killed  at  Hol- 
beaoh,  Staffordshire,  8  Nov.,  resisting  arrest,    [ix.  881] 

OATESBT,  WILLIAM  {d.  1485),  squire  of  the  body 
to  Richard  III,  named  in  the  popular  satin  ('  The  cat, 
the  rat,  and  Lovel,'  Ac.) ;  a  lawyer  ;  favourite  of  Richard, 
while  Duke  of  Gloucester  ;  contrived  the  fall  of  his  patron, 
William,  lord  Hastings,  1483;  chancellor  of  the  ex- 
(dieqner,  1483 ;  knight  of  the  shlra  for  Northampton- 
shire and  speaker  of  the  House  of  Commons,  1484 ;  taken 
prisoner  at  Boeworth  ;  beheaded.  [ix.  884] 

OATHAEZNX.    [See  Catherixe.] 

OATEOABT,  CHARLES,  ninth  Baron  Cathcart 
(1781-1776),  soldier ;  entered  the  army  when  verr  young ; 
snooeeded  to  barony,  1740;  lieuteuant-colond.  1748; 
protig^  of  the  Duke  of  Cumberland,  under  whom  he 
served  in  Flanders,  Scotland,  and  Holland ;  wounded  at 
Fontenoy,  1745;  hostage  in  Fari«,  1748;  lieuteuaut- 
genoral,  1760 ;  envoy  to  Rosdia,  1768-71 ;  commander  of 
the  foroes  in  Scotland.  [ix.  885] 

OATHOAKT,  CHARLES  MURRAY,  second  Eabl 
Cathcart  (1783-1859X  general ;  son  of  William  Schaw 
Gathcart,  first  earl  [q.  v.]  ;  comet,  1800 ;  served  in  Italy 
and  Sicily,  1805-6  ;  major,  1807 ;  styled  Lord  Greenock, 
from  November  1807 :  served  at  Waloheren,  1809  ;  lieu- 
tenant-oolonel,  1810;  served  in  the  Peninsula,  1810-18; 
quartermaster-general,  1814-8S ;  eerved  at  Waterloo ;  took 
an  interest  in  geology ;  governor  of  Edinburgh  Castle, 


1837-43;  disooverad  the  minena  ^GreoMtkilit,*  1841;' 
succeeded  to  earldom,  1843 ;  commander-in-diltf  in 
British  North  America,  1846-9 ;  general,  1854.  [ix.  885] 

OATHOAKT,  DAVID,  Lord  Alloway  id.  18891 
Scottish  judge ;  advocate,  1785 ;  lord  of  ies8ioo,ityled  Laid 
AUoway,  1813  tiU  death.  [ix.  886] 

OATHCABT,  Sot  OEOEGB  (1794-1854),  general; 
yoongsr  ion  of  WiUiam  Schaw  Cathcart,  first  eari  Cath- 
oart  [q.  v.]  ;  oomet,  1810 ;  lieutenant,  1811 ;  aide-4»- 
eamp  to  Us  father  vriththe  Bossian  armj,  1811-14: 
aido^e-camp  to  WeUlngtoo  at  Waterioo  and  in  Fnoo^ 
1815-18;  lien  tenant-colonel,  1888:  deputy-lieatsnani  of 
the  Tower,  1846-51 ;  poblished  a  book  on  the  ISlS-ll 
campaign,  1815 :  major-general,  1851 :  oommaoder-in- 
chief  in  Sooth  Africa,  1858-4 ;  crushed  the  KalBra  and 
Basotos;  JLO.B^  1858 ;  commanded  the  foorth  division 
in  the  Crimea ;  vainly  urged  an  immediate  attack  oo 
Sebastopol,  September  1854 ;  killed  at  Inkermann,  5  Nov. 

[ix.  886] 

OATHOABT,  Sir  WILLIAM  SCHAW,  tenth  Babox 
Cathcart  in  the  SootUsh  peerage,  and  first  YiscouitT 
and  Earl  Cathcart  (1755-1843),  general ;  ddest  son  of 
Charles  Cathcart,  ninth  baron  [q.  v.] :  at  Eton,  1766-71 ; 
at  St.  Petersburg,  with  his  father,  1771 ;  stodied  law  at 
Dresden  and  Glasgow;  advocate,  1776;  snoxeded  to 
barony,  1776;  captain  of  dragoons,  1777;  served  Id 
America,  1777-80,  commanding  the  *  British  legion'  of 
colonials,  1778-80,  and  the  38th  foot,  1780 ;  returned  to 
England,  1780  ;  Ueutenant-colond,  1781 ;  representative 
peer  of  Scotland,  1788 ;  brigadier-general  in  the  Qnit)enm 
expedittou,  1798 ;  major-general,  1794 ;  served  in  Hano- 
ver, 1794-5 ;  lieutenant-general,  1801 ;  commander-in- 
chief  in  Irdand,  1803-5 ;  served  logloriousiy  in  Banovor, 
1805;  bombarded  Copenhagen,  1807;  created  Viseoont 
Cathcart,  1807 ;  commander-in-chief  in  Sootland ;  gene- 
ral, 1818;  ambassador  and  military  commissioner  with 
the  Russian  army,  1818-14 ;  created  Bari  Cathcart,  1814 ; 
ambassador  at  St  Petenburg,  1814-81;  retired  from 
poUtic^  18SL  [ix.  887] 

OATHERINB  or  Yaloib  (1401-1437),  qneea  of 
Henry  V ;  youngest  daughter  of  Charles  YX,  the  insane 
king  of  France ;  bom  at  Paris ;  neglected  by  her  mother, 
Isabel  of  Bavaria ;  brought  up  at  a  convent  at  Poissy ; 
asked  in  marriage  for  Henry,  prince  of  Wales,  1413 ;  de- 
manded in  marriage  by  Henry,  now  Henry  Y,  who  also 
asked  an  immense  dowry  in  money  and  territory,  1414, 
war  with  France  ensuing  on  the  rejection  of  Ids  terins ; 
met  Henry  Y,  1419 ;  married  him  at  Troyes,  8  June  1480 ; 
came  to  England,  February  1431 ;  crowned  at  Westoun- 
ster,  1481 :  made  a  progress  in  the  north ;  Mrth  of  her 
son  (Henry  YI),  8  Dec  1481 ;  accompanied  Henry  Y  to 
France,  May  1488  :  returned  wiUi  his  corpse  to  Eii^land, 
October  1482 ;  granted  Baynard's  Castle,  Surrey,  for  a 
residence,  1484 ;  rroorted  to  be  intriguing  with,  oreecretly 
married  to  Owen  Tudor,  e.  1485 ;  marriage  with  her  for- 
bidden by  parliament  except  with  consent  of  the  privy 
oouncil,  1438 ;  by  Owen  Tudor  had  Edmund  (created,  1458, 
Eari  of  Richmond,  father  of  Henry  YIIX  »od  other  iasoe ; 
withdraw  to  Bermondsey  Abbey,  1436 ;  buried  in  West- 
minster Abbey,  with  inscription  bv  Henry  YI  deacribli^ 
her  as  widow  of  Henry  v  ;  new  inscription  afterwards 
put  there  by  Henry  YII,  acknowledging  her  marriage  to 
Tudor.  [ix.  889] 

OATHZBnrB  OF  Arraoox  (1485-1536),  first  qoeea 
of  Henry  YHI  ;  youngest  chOd  of  Ferdinand  and  I»- 
bella  of  Spain  ;  sought  in  marriage  when  two  yean  old 
by  Henry  YII  for  Arthur,  prince  of  Wales  (he  being  one 
year  old),  1487 ;  became  an  excellent  Latin  scholar ; 
treaty  of  marriage  oonolnded,  1500 ;  sailed  from  Oorofia, 
1501 ;  reached  Plymonth  8  Oct.  1501 ;  married  to  Prince 
Arthur  at  St.  Paul's,  London,  14  Nov.,  she  being  almost 
sixteen,  he  jnst  fifteen  years  of  age ;  deprived  of  Prince 
Arthur  by  death,  1508  ;  proposal  made  for  her  marriage 
with  Prince  Henry ;  snggestion  made  (or  her  marriage 
with  Henry  YII  (a  widower,  February  1508) ;  treaty  of 
marriage  to  Prince  Henry  signed,  83  June  1503 ;  papal 
dispensation  and  brief  of  Pope  Julius  II  for  the  marriage 
granted,  1504 ;  left  in  poverty  and  distress  through  the 
heartless  intrigues  Of  Henry  YII,  who  desired  a  better 
match  for  the  prince,  1505-9 ;  manried  to  the  prince,  now 
Heniy  YUI,  11  June  1509  (slie  well  over  83,  he  just  18) ; 
crowned,  84  June ;  gave  birth  to  and  lost  four  children, 
1510-14 ;  regent  during  Henry  YIIFs  French  oampaign. 


OATHEBINE 


215 


OATRTEl 


U13;  tairth  of  FrinoeM  ICuy,  If  1<  :  Henry  YHI  Toied  by 
her  latber^  dupUcity,  abe  vexed  by  Heniy^  Infldelitiee 
(Heuy  ntnviy,  baetard  by  EUnbeth  BkMmt,  widow  of 
Or  Oflbert  TUlboii.  bom  If  19,  orested  Duke  of  Riob- 
mood,  liS».  died  1636X  If  18 ;  ytelted  by  ber  nepbew 
OliwiBi  Y.  May  IftO;  aooompanied  Henry  VIII  to 
Fraaoa,  UW  ;  aeoond  viiiit  of  Cbarlee  Y,  1599 ;  baraaeed 
bf  ivtri^neiof  Khkg  Henry  to  annul  his  marTtoge,  1598 ; 
iafonaed  by  him  that  oohabitation  moat  oeaee  till  tbe 
talldity  of  their  nwrriacre  be  determined,  99  Jane  1595 ; 
owen  to  tiy  the  canae  giTvn  to  Cardinal 
imiMVgio  rq.  T.]«  who  arrived  in  October  1598 ; 
with  theintentlon  of  making  ber  retire  to  a 
';  appeared  before  tbe  legatine  ooort,  1599 ;  ap- 
fmnd  fin  open  ooort  to  Henry  YIII's  jiutice^  and  to  the 
pep^  list :  her  case  revoked  to  Some ;  attended  the 
fang's  piogrcaa  to  Woodetook  aa  qaeen,  September  1599  ; 
bfiat  Bfefamood  while  the  king  and  Anne  Bol^yn  were 
la  F-f******!  Febmary  15a0;  Bngliah  and  foreign  anirer- 
Mea  axwalted  by  Henry  Ym  for  warrant  to  diawlTe  bis 
■BRiage ;  ill  wuh  fever,  1580 :  urged  by  the  peera  to 
aUaw  her  eaae  to  be  tried  by  BngUab  Jodgea,  uay  and 
Odober  1531 ;  flnaUy  abandoned  by  Heniy  VlII  rwho 
took  Anne  Botoni  with  bim),  July  1551 ;  aeparated  from 
b«  teogliftcr,  FrinoeaB  Mary ;  removed  to  Moor,  Hert- 
(M^ahire,  1531,  and  to  Biahop'a  Hatfleld,  1539;  maoh 
fympaihy  felt  for  her  by  the  people,  Henry  YIII  and 
Inne  Boleyn  being  aeoratly  married,  95  Jan.,  and  the 
iiarriage  acknowledged,  13  April  1538;  ordered  to  be 
ityled  *tfae  prinoeia  dowager*;  ber  marriage  declared 
■all  by  Archbishop  Oranmcr,  1533 :  removed  to  Buck- 
den,  luBtingdonahlre,  1533 ;  fordbly  reaiated  an  attempt 
to  remove  her  toSomenham,  lale  of  Ely,  1538  ;  in  fear  of 
poiaoo,  1534  :  her  marriage  pronounced  valid  by  thopope, 
9  March  1534;  her  jointure  tranaferred  by  parliament 
to  Anne  Bokyn  atudUy  refused  to  accept  the  Act  of 
BoDoaaion,  im;  many  of  her  supporters  executed,  1535 ; 
Mrkms  Ulneia,  December  1535 ;  died  poesibly  of  cancer  of 
the  heazti,  7  Jan.  1535 ;  bnried  in  Peterborough  Abb^y. 

[Ix.  990] 


Bdward  and  tbe  Prinoenea  Elizabeth  and  Mary ;  tried 
to  diminlah  religloua  persecution ;  regent  daring  Henry 
Ylll'a  French  expedition,  1544;  her  Ufe  endangered  by 
her  protestant  leaninga ;  aecretly  married,  c  April.  Sir 
Thomaa  Sqapour,  now  Baron  Seymour  of  Sudeley, 
Henry  YIII  having  died  in  January  1547 :  obtahied  Ed- 
ward YTa  oonaent  to  the  match  :  dinguated  by  ber  hua- 
band'a  brutalitiea  to  Princeaa  EUxabetb  ;  gave  birth  to  a 
daughter  at  Sndel^  CaaUe,  3U  Aug.  154&  [ix.  808] 


HOWABD  (d.  1549),  fifth  queen  of 

Hixny  Yin;  daughter,  by  bin  fint  wife,  of  Lord  Ed- 
mood  Howard,  a  younger  acm  of  Thomas,  aeoond  duke  of 
Kofffolk     her  eJnoatinn  neglected  through  her  father'a 
poverty ;  on  her  father'a  aeoond  marriage  became  a  de- 
pendant in  ber  grandmotber'a  (Agnea,  dowager  ducheaa 
ef  KorfbUc's) honae at  Horaham,  NorfollLand af terwarda 
at  Lambeth ;  improperly  familiar  with  Henry  Mannock 
(or  Manoz),  her  muaio-maater ;  paaaed  privately  aa  wife 
of  Francis  Dereham,  a  retainer  of  the  ducheaa ;  during 
Derdiam'a  aboenee  in  Ireland,  waa  thought  likely  to 
■wry  her  oooain,  Thomas   Culpepper  of  Kent;   met 
Henry  YUI  at  fitebop  Stephen  Ganliner*8  paUoe :  claima 
lor  promotion  pteased  on  her  by  ber  old  aaaodatea,  on 
the  report  that  Henry  would  divorce  Anne  of  Cleves  and 
Biarryber:    married  aecretly  to  King  Henry,  July,  and 
acknowledged*  Augnst  1540 ;  accompanied  Henry  on  his 
midland  piogiesa,  September-X>ctober   1540,  and  again, 
to  Torkrh^  July-October  1641 ;  clandestinely  met  Cul- 
pepper at  Llnoohi  and  Pontefract,  1541,  by  help  of  her 
oooain  Jane,  visoounteas  Rochford,  and  97  Aug^  made 
Berefaam  her  aeerrtary ;  a  statement  of  her  former  inti- 
BMcy  with  Mannook  and  Dereham,  supplied  by  maid-<ser- 
vanU,  given  to  Henry  YIII,  9  Nov. ;  driven  to  confess 
pre-noptlal  onchastity  with  Dereham  and  familiarities 
«ith  i>*««M*wfcj  a  strict  inquiry  having  been  held ;  given 
bf  tbe  king  a  pfomlse  to  spare  her  life  and  sent  to  Sion 
BoBse,  November   1541;    evidence  of   adultery  vainly 
mght ;  aU  persons  supposed  privy  to  her  miMonduct 
imprisoned,  C^ilpenper  and  Dereham  being  sentenced  to 
death,  and  several  of  her  relatives  and  servautt)  to  im- 
priaonment  and  forfeiture,  1541 ;  a  bill  attaintiug  ber  and 
Lady  Boehford  (now  insane)  brought  in,  91  Jan.  and 
paaaed  7  Feb^  1549 ;  a  new  oonfeaaion,  but  only  of  pre- 
nuptial  nncbwtity,  wrung  from  her  ;  taken  to  the  Tower, 
luFeh,  and,  with  Lady  Eochford,  beheaded  18  Feb.  1549. 

[ix.  308] 


PARH  (1519-1548),  sixth  queen  of 
Heuy  Ym  ;  daughter  of  ftr  Thomaa  Parr  {d.  1517)  of 
KcnU:  well  edooated:  married  to  Bdward  Borough 
(TOMititj  Edward,  the  insane  Baron  Borough  of  Qains- 
boievEh,  d.  1599) ;  third  wife  of  John  Neville,  boron 
UttMT  (d.  1541) ;  ready  to  marry  Sir  Thomas  Seymour, 
bmttcr  of  Jane,  the  late  queen ;  farced  to  marry  Henry 
^lU,  11  July  1543 ;  showed  great  kindness  to  Prince 


or  Braoaxsa  (163a-1705X  queen  of 
Charles  U;  bom  at  YiUa  Yl^ou;  ber  father  king  of 
Portugal  in  1640 ;  her  education  utterly  neKleoted  :  mar- 
riage with  Charlets  prince  of  Wales,  proposed  for  lier  bj 
her  father,  1645 ;  renewed  proposals  made  by  the  Portu- 
guese for  ber  marriage  with  Charles  II,  May  1660  ;  pro- 
posals opposed  by  ttie  Spanish  party,  on  tbe  gronnu  of 
oer  probable  barreunera  ;  the  match  detmnined  upon  by 
Charles  II,  acting  under  French  influence,  November 
1660-March  1661 ;  formal  intimation  of  the  match  M-dl 
received  in  England  and  enthusiastically  in  Portugal; 
marriage  treaty  signed,  93  June  1661 :  Catherine  sailing 
for  England,  98  April  1669,  and  reaching  Portsmouth, 
13  May ;  privately  married,  91  May ;  arrived  at  Hampton 
Court,  99  May  ;  compelled  bv  Charles  to  receive  at  court 
hia  mistress,  Lady  CSastlemaine,  July :  arrived  at  White- 
hall, 93  Aug. ;  submisaively  aooepted  Charles  IPs  infldeli- 
tiea;  showed  kindness  to  his  illegitimate  children,  and 
lived  mostly  at  Somerset  House,  and  not  at  court,  being 
often  in  great  poverty  through  non-payment  of  her  allow- 
ances :  tried  to  obtain  from  the  pope  recognition  of  Portu- 
guese independenoc,  1669 ;  aerioualy  Ul,  October  1663 ;  kept 
oourt  in  Oxford  during  the  plague  of  London,  1665-6; 
proposals  rumoured  for  disaolutlou  of  her  marriage  on 
account  of  her  childlessness,  1667-70 ;  complaints  made  of 
the  concourse  of  English  people  to  her  ohapel  services, 
1667 ;  went  a  progress  in  the  eastern  counties,  1671 : 
assailed  by  tbe  whlgs  as  privy  to  tbe  *  popish  otot,*  1678- 
1680,  but  protected  by  Charles ;  attended  tbe  Oxiord  par- 
liament, 1681 :  again  abandoned  by  Charles  for  the  Ducneas 
of  Portsmouth:  instrumental  in  aeouring  (Tbarlea  IPa 
deathbed  profeasion  of  Romanism,  February  1685 ;  after- 
wands  lived  in  retirement  at  Somerset  House  and  Ham- 
mersmith ;  vainly  begged  James  II  to  spare  Monmouth ; 
present  at  the  birth  of  the  Prince  of  Wales,  10  June  1688  ; 
gave  evidence  aa  to  his  legitimacy  before  the  council; 
tried  to  recover  damages  from  Henry,  earl  of  Clarendon, 
her  late  chamberlain,  for  negUgenoe  In  money  matters ; 
visited  by  William  of  Orange,  but  soon  quarraled  with 
both  WiUiam  and  Mary ;  travelled  through  France  and 
Spain,  reaching  Lisbon,  January  1698  ;  resided  near 
Lisbon ;  regent  for  her  brother  Pedro,  1704-5 ;  favoured 
Italian  music ;  unpopular  In  consequence  of  her  Ignorance 
of  affairs,  her  haoghtineas  to  her  hous^old,  and  her  parsi- 
mony, [ix.  319] 

OATHSOS  or  XADROS,  Saint  (d,  9767).  [See 
Cadror.] 

OATLST,  ANN  (1745-1789),  vocalist ;  sang  at  Yaux- 
hall,  1769  :  legal  proceedings  undertaken  by  her  father  to 
regain  custody  of  her,  1768 ;  pupil  of  Charles  Macklin ; 
an  extremely  popular  performer  at  Dublin,  1763-70,  and 
in  London,  1770-84;  married  Major-general  Francis 
LasceUes.  [ix.  319] 

OATLUr,  Sib  BOBEBT  (d.  1574),  judge;  reader  of 
the  Middle  Temple,  1547 :  obtained  the  manor  of  Beby. 
Leiceatersbire,  1558;  serjeant-at-law,  1555:  justice  of 
common  pleai),  1558 :  chief-justice  of  the  qneen'a  bench, 
1559-74 ;  knighted,  1559.  [ix.  380] 

OATHAGH,  JAMES  (of  tbe  Seven  DialB)(l  799-1841 X 
publisher ;  aon  of  John  Oatnacfa :  printei  In  Newcastle- 
on-Tyne;  came  to  London,  1818;  issued  penny  and 
farthing  chap-books,  ballads,  and  broadsides;  retired, 
1888.  [ix.  891] 

OATOK,  WILLIAM  n686-1666X  quaker ;  met  Gieorge 
Fox  at  Swartbmwe,  Ulverston,  Lancashire,  1659,  and 
embraced  quakerism ;  travelled  as  a  quaker  preacher, 
1654;  Imprisoned  at  Maidstone;  roufihly  bandied  by 
English  residents  in  Holland,  1665  :  preached  in  Scotland ; 
settled  in  Anuteidam,  1656  ;  frequently  visited  England  ; 
married  a  Dutch  woman,  1669 ;  impriiioned  at  Yarmouth ; 
publlshetl  many  pamphlets  in  Buglish,  Dutch,  and  Cer- 
hls  autobiography  printed,  1689.  [ix.  891] 

CATRIK,  JOHN  (tf.  1419).    [See  Ketterich.] 


OATTEBMOIiE 


216 


OAVB 


OATTSBMOLB,  QtiORQE  (1800-1868X  painter;  son 
of  a  Norfolk  squire ;  employed  aa  dranghteman  by  John 
Britton  Cq.  ▼.]  ;  exhibited  at  the  Boyal  Academy,  1810-S7, 
and  hUitorioal  and  other  pictures  at  the  Water  Ootonr 
Society,  189S-fiO;  a  prolific  book-illustrator,  1880-48; 
painted  in  oils,  chiefly  biblical  subjects,  from  1850. 

[ix.  SS2] 

OATTSBMOLB,  RIOHAKD  (17957-1858X  misoel- 
laneous  writer ;  educated  at  Ohrlst's  College,  Oambridge : 
B.D^  1881 ;  curate  at  Brixton,  Surrey,  18S5-41 ;  secretary 
of  the  Boyal  Society  of  Uterature,  18S8-ftS;  vicar  of 
Little  Marlow,  Bncldnghamshire ;  published  Terses,  ser- 
mons, and  elegant  extracts,  1886-46.  [Ix.  824] 

OATTI,  TWM  8H0N  (158O-16S0?).  [See  Joxks, 
Thomas.] 

OATTOK,  OHARLES,  the  elder  (1788-1798),  painter ; 
saooessful  ooacb-painter  in  London ;  exhibited  from  1760, 
chiefly  landscapes.  [ix.  82S] 

OATTON,  OHARLES,  the  younger  (1766-1819), 
painter  ;  sou  of  Oharlee  Oatton  the  elder  [q.  ▼.] ;  studied 
art  in  London  ;  went  on  sketching  tours  In  England  and 
Sootbknd :  exhibited,  1776-1800 ;  emigrated  to  the  United 
States,  1804.  [Ix.  886] 

OATTOV,  THOMAS  (1760-1888X  astronomer;  of 
St  John's  OoUege,  Oambridge ;  B.A.,  1781 ;  fellow  and 
tutor;  B.D.,  1791;  curator  of  the  college  observatory, 
1791-1882  ;  his  observations  pubUshed,  1863.     [ix.  886] 

OATTON  or  OHATTODUKUB,  WALTER  (d,  1348), 
Franciscan  friar  of  Norwich ;  died  at  Avignon.  None  of 
his  works  are  extant.  [ix.  886] 

OATTWO,  DDOBTH  (<f.  670  ?).    [See  Oadoc.] 

OATJLFBILD,  JAKES,  fourth  Yisconirr  and  first 
Barl  of  Oharlkmovt  (1788-1799X  Irish  statesman; 
bom  in  Dublin ;  suooeeded  to  the  viscounty,  1784 ;  tra- 
velled in  Italy  and  the  Levant,  1746-64 ;  served  against 
the  French  at  Churriokfergus,  1760 ;  created  Barl  of  Gharle- 
mont,  1768;  resided  in  London,  frequenting  literary 
coteries,  1764-78  ;  removed  to  Dublin,  1778 ;  associate  of 
Henry  Grattan  and  Henry  Flood;  intrigued  for  Irish 
Independence,  1780-8;  oppomd  catholic  emancipation 
and  the  union ;  wrote  verses.  [ix.  886] 

OATJLFBILD,  SiB  TOBY  or  TOBIAS,  first  Baron 
OuARLBMOKT  (1666-1687X  of  an  Oxfordshire  family; 
served  under  Marttn  Froblsher,  and  (1696)  at  OadU; 
oommanded  tro^  of  horse  at  Newry,  1698;  served  at 
Klnsale,  1601 ;  offloer  at  Fort  Oharlemont  on  the  Black- 
water;  knighted,  c  1604;  receiver  of  Tyrone's  rente, 
1607-10 ;  reodved  grants  of  forfeited  lands ;  If  .P., 
Armagh,  1618 ;  master  of  ordnance,  1616 ;  created  Baron 
Oharlemont,  1680.  [Ix.  888] 

OAXTLFBILD,  TOBT  or  TOBIAS,  third  Baron 
Oharlrmont  (d.  1648X  M.F.,  Tyrone,  1689 ;  governor  of 
Fort  Oharlemont,  1641 ;  surprised  by  Sir  Fhelim  O'Neill 
[q.  v.]  ;  murdered.  [Ix.  388  J 

OATJLFBILD,  WILLIAM,  fifth  Baron  and  first 
ViBcouNT  Oharlemont  (<L  167 IX  succeeded  to  barony 
and  estates,  1648 ;  secured  the  execution  of  Sir  Phellm 
O'Neill  [q.  v.]  ;  created  vlsoount,  1666.  [Ix.  888] 

OATJLFBILD,  WILLIAM,  second  Viscount  Oharlr> 
MONT  (d.  1786X  son  of  WUllam  Oaulfelld,  first  vlsoount 
[q.  v.l ;  attainted  by  Janaes  II ;  restored  by  WUllam  III ; 
■oved  In  West  Indies,  1708,  and  under  Peterborough  In 
Spain,  1706 ;  major-general,  1708.  [Ix.  888] 

OAULFZELD,  JAMES  (1764-1886X  publisher;  son  of 
a  London  muslo-engraver ;  printseUer  and  compiler  of 
book-catalogues ;  published  numerous  biographlM,  ^ith 
engraved  portraits  of  historical  personages  and  crlml- 
nau,  1790-1834;  prevented  by  Edmund  Malone  from 
iflsuhig  a  volume  of  extracts  from  John  Aubrey's  manu- 
scripts, 1797.  [U.  889] 

OATJLFIBLD,  RICHARD  (1838-1887X  Irish  antl- 
quair;  B.A.  Trinity  OoUege,  Dublin,  1846  ;  LL.B.,  1864  ; 
LLJ).,  1866;  F.S.A.,  1868;  Ubrarian  of  Boyal  Oork 
Institution,  1864,  and  to  Queen's  OoUege,  Oork,  1876; 
published  oouncU  books  of  corporation  of  Oork,  1876, 
Youghal,  1878,  and  Klnsale,  1878,  with  other  works. 

[SuppL  L  897] 

GAXJirT,  BENJAMIN  (1816-1861X  pugUlst ;  son  of  a 
servant  of  Lord  Byron  at  Newitead;  fought  with 
wmiam  ThompeoQ  CBendigo'X  1836,  and  was  beaten  ; 


beat  Bendigo,  1888,  and  ^ta  styled  *  ehampioa  * ;  beat  John 
Leechman  (*  Bzaseqr  *X  1840,  and  was  njled  *  champion 
of  England';  visited  the  United  Stotes,  1841-8;  sub- 
sequently publican  In  London.  [Ix.  881] 

OAUVTBR,  JOHN  HOBART  (1794-1861X  miacel- 
laneoos  writer;  cadet  In  India,  1809;  BJ).  Oambridge, 
1898 ;  clergyman  In  London,  Sussex,  and  Bseex ;  pab* 
Ushed  *  Romance  of  History'  (India),  1886,  verses,  ser- 
mons, and  novds.  [ix.  888] 

OATJB,  SALOMON  dk  (1676-1680X    [See  Db  Oaub.] 

OATJBTOV,  MIOHABL  db  (d.  1896X   [See  Oawstov.] 

0ATJ8T0V,  THOMAS  (<f .  1669X  composer ;  gentleoMB 
of  the  Ohapd  Boyal ;  contributed  church  music  to  John 
Day's  issues.  [ix.  388] 

OAXJTLBT,  SIR  PROBY  THOMAS  (1801-18711 
colood ;  joined  Bengal  artillery,  1819 ;  served  at  Bhaii> 
pore,  1886;  assisted  in  reconstructing  Dodb  canal, 
1884  ?-80;  in  charge  of  It,  1881-48;  planned  Gangsi 
canal  (his  plans  being  censured  by  Sir  Arthur  Oottoo 
[q.  V.]);  superintended  its  construction,  1843-6  and 
1848-^ ;  visited  England,  1846-8 ;  K.O.B.,  1864 ;  member 
of  council  of  India,  1868-68;  presented  Indian  fossils 
to  the  British  Museum ;  wrote  on  canals  and  on  fossils. 

[U.888] 

OAUX,  JOHN  DB  id,  1868X    [See  Oaueto,  John  d&] 

OAYAOKABI,  Sir  PIERRE  LOUIS  NAPOLEON 
(1841-1879X  diplomatist ;  son  of  Addphe  C^vagnari,  one 
of  Napoleon's  ofllcers,  by  his  Irish  wife :  bom  in  Fzanoe ; 
entered  Ohrist's  Hospital,  London,  1861;  naturalised, 
1867;  cadet  in  the  Bast  India  Oompany's  service,  1888; 
Ueutenant,  1860 ;  poUtloal  oflioer,  1861 ;  employed  oo 
Afghan  frontier,  1868-78;  K.O.B.,  1879;  appointed 
British  resident  In  Oabnl,  1879 ;  murdered  by  mutinoas 
Afghans.  [ix.  836] 

OAYALIBB  or  OAYALLDEB,  JEAN  (1681.1740X 
major-general ;  son  of  a  Languedoc  peasant ;  baker  at 
Geneva;  a  leader  of  the  protestant  Insurgents  in  the 
Oevennes,  1708;  defeated  and  obliged  to  surrender,  1704; 
taken  before  Louis  XIV  at  YeraaiUes;  escaped  into 
Switzerland ;  served  under  the  Duke  of  Savoy :  raised 
regiment  In  HoUand  for  English  sendee  in  Spain,  1706; 
severely  wounded  at  Almania,  1707;  paid  addresses  to 
MademoiseUe  Dunoyer  at  the  Hague,  1708;  pensloDed  by 
tlie  British  government;  resided  at  Portarlingtou,  Ire* 
land;  published  his  *  Memoirs,' 1786  ;  Ueutenant^venier 
of  Jers^,  1788 ;  major-general,  1789.  [ix.  336] 

OAYALLO,  TIBERIUS  (1749-1809X  mtnral  phUo- 
sopher ;  bom  hi  Naples ;  settled  In  England,  before  1776 ; 
F.R.8.,  1779;  Investigated  deotrloal  and  chemical  phe- 
nomena; invented  electrical  Instruments;  wrote  on 
dectrldty  and  magnetism.  [ix.  337] 

OAYAB,  Baku  or.  [See  Lambart,  Oharlxb,  first 
Barl,  1600-1660;  Lambart,  Richard  Ford  William, 
seventh  Earl,  1768-1886.] 

OAYB,  ALFRED  (1847-1900Xoongregational  divine; 
studied  at  New  OoUege,  London;  BJL  London,  1870: 
minister  at  Berkhampsted,  1878,  and  Watfbid,  1876-80; 
professor  of  Hebrew  and  church  history.  Hackney  OoUege, 
1880;  principal  and  professor  of  theology,  1888-1900; 
honorary  D J>.  St.  Andrews,  1889 :  published  theologioal 
works.  [SoppL  1 397] 

OAYB,  Sir  AMBROSE  (<f.  1668X  of  Nortbamptoo- 
shire;  knight  hospitaUer  of  St.  John  of  Jemaslem; 
visited  Rhodes,  1626 ;  pensioned  at  the  suppression  of  the 
Knights'  Hospital  at  Shlngay,  Oambridgeshire,  1640; 
sheriff  of  Warwickshire  and  l^cestershire,  1648:  M^. 
for  Warwickshire,  1667 ;  chancdlor  of  the  duchy  of  Lan* 
caster,  1668 ;  frequently  employed  on  government  com- 
missions,  1668-64.  [Ix.  888] 

OAYB,   EDWARD   (1691-1764X  printer;   son  of  a 
I  Rugby  cobbler ;  apprenticed  to  a  London  printer;  printer 
I  and   journalist  at   Norwich ;   married   and  aetUed   in 
I  London;   for  a  short  time  clerk  in   the  poet  ofBce; 
furnished  London  news  to  country  papers,  and  ooontiy 
news  to  a  London  paper,  1786 ;  CMiducted  the  *  Gentle- 
man's Magazine,*  1781-64 ;  denounced  in  pariiament  for 
publishing  George  II's  answer  to  an  address  before  it  had 
even  been  rnxxted  from  the  chair,  1788;  Invented  a 
splnnlng-macnine,  1740;  published  many  journals  and 
books.  [Ix.  838] 


CAVENDISH 


..u 


UTB,  ea  LBWIS  WILLUM  (IBtt-MlT),  Jndg*; 
^■laBj  tf  BoBbj  and  UuiIb  Ckilkg^  Oilofd;  B^, 
UH:  "  «  .  IKf:  oBlbd  to  bu  at  Idmt  T^ipli,  1M9 : 

^liifc-."" "^f  bslW«,  UU;  Rttnlwi^  Ud- 

o^.un:  (tiC  in*:  jmla  tf  hU^  omrt,  qi«<a 

iwiiii  iiiMiii,  irnn    >iii«iiiiii.  iinti  -  iHuiknpi<7  iodsc 

Un-M ;  riMd  kcil  vocfa.  [BappL  L  MS] 

QLTM,  Sm  BTKFHKH  rlS»-lBM),  noUtJolu  1  ada- 

—  - '  — lUol  College  Oxford:   ItA., 

r  Itaipk^  1M(  1  MJ>^  Sbore- 

£  18M-e,  lWl-«» ;  pob- 

[U.M1] 

UTX,  WILUAII  (lU'-iniX  tMlariMtlcal  hla- 
UiB:mia<JohaO>T«Cq.T.]:  M^.ai.JobD'iO(>Ui«C 
[h^nMiii.  llin  DJl,U7]i  tLmt of  IillnBtoi, ltU-«  1 
Iter  0(  AIDMlloin  Oh  Onat,  lAndon,  lirt-M :  ouum 
ri  m^HT.  IW4,  ud  Tieu  ol  Iileinirth,  Htddlnci, 
M*  lUI  dnth ;  potdiibid  '  Primiein  Ohriitlmiilt;,'  1471, 
Bd  «(bcr  Important  worls  tti  lUlT  loolMliiCical  hJitoir* 
[ll.  Ml] 
OAVZLUn,    HDOO  (1(7I-UM).    [Bsa   KlcClDu- 

(UW-ienXpHodaijiii).   [SmJoxb, 


t  djiaghls   ol   Uw    Int  I 


OATSViniH,  HBl 
gUat  hh  of  Sir  WUlii 
M  J,  (Or  Iterbyilili*,  II 


RY  (d.  leit).  KVIIer  ud  pollUdui, 
1  OnTBBdiMh  (1K»  I-ll»t)  [q.  r.] ; 
't :  foogbt  kn  Uie  Low  Ooontrtoi, 

[ix.  »M] 
(I7»*-1BM),  p     "" 


r :  l[.P.lorLo(twlUil(i9.111«-1774  ;  tmkib 


irtly  printed 
Belli  la  Inli 


■psi  Id  tiM  Bojvl  aoelMT,  ITH:  dtKon 
utiOD  of  water  «td  ■tmcwphArlo  air  bffo 
vntad  OD  eltctilcllf,  17T9  and  177),  and 
f  tbe  Kith,  17M. 
OATnmiBH,  Sot  JOHN  (^d.  IWl), 


[U.  MS] 
e:  pltader 
1171-81:  DiniSmi 

ITM),  poUUa 
ibiia;  MJLPi 


B^lal»-lMt^  nvallit 

C;  alv«D  tnop  afis  BdffriilU ;  lataad  nfftmait  of 
itU,  AacMtcT,  April,  and  BnMoi-d 


(vraijtluiii,  Karcb     Thoniafl 
-TimC,  iBlt  lft43:  I  to  Odki 


D  JOHN  ( 

Dnkoof  Di    ._  .    ..      . 

:  K.F.,  Weymonth,  17H ;  M.P,, 

M.F.,  Yock,  17S8-W;  chanodlor 
tfae  ucbeqoer.  Uvcb  tu  Jnlj  1789.  and  April  to  De- 
Bber,  1781 ;  Mf-  Dtrbyildrc,  17H-S :  (risid  of  Edmund 
Ike.  [Ix.  Ut] 

OATKMDIBK,    HABOABBT,   Dncsm    a'    Saw- 
im-u   (]BM?-lcr<>,   writa:   jonngHt  ohUd   ol    Sir 
-  icai,  of  BL  JohnX  Oolobotcr ;  maid  of  bononr 
HcnriiUs  Maria,  IMi;  aeoompanled  b«  lo 


,  Bn  OHASLKB  (IHl-llM).  uUw-      Uts] 
_  ^  ™.m.^  OaimJlib,  flnt  doka  ol     (m, 
-^  "U  Baaj  Wotton  [q.  t.]  ' 
.  ILP.  for  MotUiigbaim 
IfM,  lUS.  and  IHOi  amnd  lor  Uog  imda  hli  brother  aa 
■1  of  hone,  lUJ ;  tnKlM  on  conllnoit, 


,  KUZABETB.  DUCHIU 
nuu(17(».iaMXdai«bterof  tbefoorthKariDi  tjruui ; 
■anried  Mbn  Tinmaa  Foets :  rrfiued  otfa  of  mar- 
riw  boB  ■donod  CHbba,  1717 :  mairial  Uie  aftb  Duke 
alMKHhlR.  UM;  Und  latter!;  al  Bonie;  iDbetdlwd 
tlUmt  tt  Banoa  and  TlrcU,  ISLg-tl.  [Ii.  944] 

UVIBIUSB,  LOBQ  FBSDBBIOK  (17»-1S03).  Held- 
■nbal:  lUrd  aoo  of  the  third  Dokc  of  Dnonshln: 
«*n,  UK:  eoloiKi.  17M:  US.  (or  Derb^iblre,  17(1, 
Ud  tollertir.  17*4-10 :  xTTed  ii  Oermany,  t7£7 ;  prlmiB 
h  FraiiBe,  17U-«0:  ommanded  bhgide  In  Hauorer, 
""-' i -^  Ijfll;  fleM-manbal,  17»B. 

OHARI^e 

7  tor  IniaBdi  MCODd  nn  of 

bi  MTOitii  Dnkt  of  DarauUre  {q.  t.}  : 

~         '     ^  IBU 1  HT.,  TRfablrc 

pocctarj  foclRtand,  ISn: 

,  — Nont  poUtleBl  HcletT  In 

k,  Dublin,  I  ItAj.  [li.  lU] 

WlUJtUJl,  aiOBtlB  (IMW-lHI  T),  Uosiapber  ol 
■«:  laegoataBl  aWidaaca  on  WdIkt.u  bia  nsher, 
•  ItM;  ntlred  to  aienufmd,  Saffolk,  ItlO;  ualoiu 


Und  In  iHlmmt;  borled  In 

■  and  DDbllihed  a  mnltltndeof 

laft-«&  t<«ftbe(  with  an  aula- 

S'atonra  Ptotona,'  ItK,  and  a 

Cli,  ut] 

OATSMDIBH,     RICHARD    (d.    IWtl),   polltldao ; 

cducBted  at  Corpog  Cbilatl  Callrge,  Cambridge :  enplDind 

by  tbe  Duke  of  Norfolk  to  carry  letlerv  to  Uary  Qneen  of 


I  a  law  omoe.  but  eiclndsl  by  the  jndgvc 

d  BocUd  Into  Eoillib,  and  pabUibed  a 

theological  tract.  [Ii.  117] 

OATBKDISH,  THOMAS  <lt«0-lBSi}.  drcnmnaTl- 
gator;  mpplled  and  Dommuided  h  ihlp  In  Sir  Richard 
OrtHiTtle'i  VirglBla  Toya^rc.  »  April-18  S^L  list ;  BUed 


BUiatetb  ti 


Vir^la  Toya^rt.  »  April- 
blpe  In  hulUtlon  of  air  F 
ISl;    B^led   from   n^uH 


jioln  Urmke'i  ) 


Port  Dfflire, 
tered  UigeUao  BCr^Ia,  e  ' 

LDOai.  Oalltomla,  M  Noi 
1HI8 ;  throided  the  EaBtem  archipelago ;  i 
Qood  Hope,  19  March  ;  toocbed  at  BI    " 
reached  Flymoull),  Ifl  Sept. ;  planned 
ooninneltOD  with  Oapuln   Jobn    Da 
■ailed  from  Plymoalh,  9e  Aug.   KBl 
»  Mot.  ;  at  Port  Dealre.  18  March  ii 
way  throngh  Magellan  Slnlti,  91  April 
II  Hay ;  pailad  (rom  ItavU  In 
K  Mayim;  lalled  eailoardi 

died  at  Ha,  Jane  1M9;  ™nih 

DaTli  along  Uie  Patagonlan  ooait.    Hli  •blp  In 
-*  ""  vrai  the  iMre:  In  theToyagn  of  IM 


D.  Brad], 


OapeSL 
■,  tJan. 


it  only  biU- 
Port  Dnriie,' 


id  the  LMccater,  Darli  ta 


CAVENDISH 


218 


OAWSTON" 


0AVEKDI8H,  Sib  WILLIAM  (1506  ?.15fi7),  state)- 
man  ;  anient  for  Henry  YIII  in  securing  the  property  of 
the  monasteries  at  the  dissolution,  1630-41 ;   received 

Eints  of  church  lands  from  Henry  YIII  and  Edward  YI ; 
ighted,  1646;  returned  to  Roman  catjiolicism  under 
Queen  Mary;  treasurer  of  the  n^l  chamber  to 
Henry  YIII,  1646,  and  to  Mary,  1663 ;  began  to  build 
Ohatsworth,  1663.  [ix.  863] 

0AYSNDI8H,  WILLIAM,  fliat  Barl  of  Dkvon- 
SHIRK  (d.  1696),  second  son  of  Sir  William  Cavendish 
(1606  7-1667)  [q.  t.]  ;  MP.,  Newport,  1688  ;  courtier  of 
James  I ;  created  Baron  Oavendish  of  Hardwicke,  1606 ; 
created  Barl  of  Devousbire,  1618.  [i^*  S64] 

OAVENSIBE,  WILLIAM,  second  Bakl  op  Devok- 
BUIBE  (1691  ?-1638),  second  son  of  William  Cavendish, 
first  earl  [q.  v.] ;  pupil  of  Thomas  Hobbes ;  travelled ; 
knighted,  1609 :  courtier  of  James  I ;  M.P.  for  Derby, 
1631-6 ;  succeeded  to  earldom,  16S6 :  in  debt,  16S8. 

[ix.  864] 

OAYBHDIBH,  WILLIAM,  Dukb  of  Nkwcastlb 
(1698-1676X  son  of  Sir  Charles  Oavendish  of  Welbeok, 
Kottinghamshire,  and  the  heiress  of  the  barony  of  Ogle, 
Northumberland:  educated  at  St.  John's  Oollqge,  Cam- 
bridge :  K.B.,  1610 ;  travelled ;  entertained  James  I  at 
Welbeck,  1619;  created  Yisconnt  Mansfield,  November 
1630 :  created  Barl  of  NewcasUe,  March  16S8 ;  succeeded 
to  the  Ogle  estates,  16S9 ;  spent  20,000/.  in  cntertahiing 
Charles  I  at  Wdbeck,  1688,  Ben  Jonson  writing  the 
masciues ;  governor  of  Charles,  prince  of  Wales,  1638-41 ; 
lent  Cliarles  1 10,000/.  and  raised  a  troop  at  his  own  cost 
against  the  Soots,  1639;  withdrew  from  court,  1641,  to 
avoid  prosecution  by  pailiament  for  ^ain  raising  troops 
for  the  king:  named  governor  of  Hull  by  Charles  I, 
January  1643,  but  not  accepted  by  the  garrison  ;  joined 
Charles  I  at  York;  sent  to  secure  Newcastle-on-Tsme, 
June,  and  to  command  in  the  north ;  raised  troops  at  bis 
own  charges  ;  invaded  Yorkshire,  November  1648 ;  raided 
the  siege  of  York, and  advanced  southwards:  forced  to 
fall  ba«k  on  Yrark,  January  1643;  advanced  Into  the 
West  Hiding,  but  was  foroed  back ;  detached  troops  to 
escort  the  queen  to  Oxford ;  secured  all  Yorkshire  by  the 
victory  of  Adwalton  Moor,  1648;  advanced  as  far  as 
Lincoln ;  recalled  to  beriege  Hull ;  raised  the  siege,  11  Oct. 
1648 ;  created  Marquis  of  Newcastle,  37  Oct  1643 :  sent 
to  oppose  the  Scots,  1644 ;  foroed  to  fall  back  on  York ; 
fought  as  vcAunteer  at  Marston  Moor,  having  vainly 
urged  Prince  Rupert  to  wait  for  rebiforoemente,  1644 :  at 
HAnburg,  July  1644  to  February  1646 :  in  Fkuis,  April 
1646-8 ;  married  [see  Oavkxdihh,  Maroarit,  Ddchrhs 
of  NKWCAtnui];  at  Bottodam,  1648,  and  Antwerp, 
1648-60;  for  some  time  lived  in  great  pecuniary  difficul- 
ties, pawned  |his  wife's  Jewels,  and  incurred  heavy  loans ; 
obtained  an  allowance  out  of  his  confiscated  estates; 
accompanied  Charles  11  to  London,  1660 ;  had  only  part 
of  his  lands  restored,  having  spent  nearly  1,000,000/.  in 
the  royal  service:  created  Duke  of  Newcastle,  March 
1666 ;  withdrew  to  Welbeok ;  patron  of  Ben  Jonson  and 
Dnrdien.  His  works  include  plays,  1649-77,  poems,  and 
*  Methode  et  Invention  .  .  .  de  dresser  les  (^hevaux,'  Ant* 
werp,  1667,  and  *  New  Method  ...  to  Dress  Horses,'  1667. 
[ix.  364] 

OAYBHDIBH,  WILLIAM,  tliird  Barl  of  Dbvon- 
8HIRE  (1617-1684),  eldest  son  of  William  Cavendish, 
second  earl  [q.  v.]  ;  pupil  of  Thomas  Hobbes  K.B.,  1636 ; 
succeeded  to  the  earldom,  1688 ;  travdled,  1684-7 ;  lord- 
lieutenant  of  Derbjrshire,  1638-48 ;  bdonged  to  the  court 
party ;  joined  Charles  I  at  York,  1643 ;  attainted  by  par- 
liament, 1643,  and  his  estates  sequestrated ;  went  abroa^l ; 
returned,  1646 ;  fined  by  parliament,  1646 ;  lived  at  his 
mother's  house,  Latlmers,  Buckiughainshire ;  lord-lieu- 
tenant of  Derbyshire,  1660.  [ix.  369] 

OAVEHDISH.  WILLIAM,  first  DUKB  OF  Dkvok- 
SHIRK  (1640-1707),  eldest  sou  of  William  Cavendish,  third 
earl  [q.  v.] :  Ktyled  Lord  Cavendish  Tof  Hardwicke)  till 
1684  ;  educated  abroad :  M.P.  for  Derby,  1661 ;  in  Irdand, 
1663 ;  hon.  M.A.  Oxford,  1668 :  served  in  the  fleet,  1666  ; 
envoy  to  France,  1669 ;  provoked  a  fracas  at  the  opera  in 
Paris :  imprisoned  in  the  Tower  for  instigating  a  duel, 
1676 ;  a  leader  of  the  antj-court  and  anti-Romanist  party 
in  the  Commons,  1666-78 :  active  in  the  *  popish  plot^  pro- 
ceedings, 1678-9 ;  advocated  exclusion  of  the  Duke  of  York 
from  the  succession,  1680-1 ;  made  his  peace  with 
Charles  II,  October,  1681 ;  succeeded  to  earldom,  1684 ;  fined 
SOyOOOI.  for  brawling  at  court,  1686 ;  built  Chatsworth, 


1687-1706;  joined  in  inviUng  William  of  Oniue  to 
Bngland,  1687  and  1688 ;  arranged  with  the  Barl  of  uaaby 
to  raise  the  north  in  favour  of  WiUiam  of  Orange ;  aeiaad 
Derby  and  Nottingham,  1688 ;  raised  regiment  of  bone : 
escorted  Princess  Anne  to  Oxford ;  mowd  an  addiees  of 
welcome  to  the  Prince  of  Orange,  Deoennber,  1688 ;  signed 
for  James  IPs  deposition,  1689 ;  kud-Uentouuit  at  D«faf- 
Bhire,  1689 ;  lord  high  steward  at  coronation,  1689 ;  witik 
William  in  in  Flanden,  1690-3 ;  created  Duke  of  Devon- 
shire, 1694  lord  high  steward  at  Anne's  ooronattoo,  1709 ; 
advocated  tcderation  of  nonoonfonniets  and  the  imiDn 
with  Scotland ;  of  profligate  private  life ;  a  patnm  of 
horse-radng.  [be.  S70] 

OAVBHDIBE,  WILLIAM,  fourth  DuKB  of  Dktos- 
SHIRK  (1790-1764X  styled  Marquis  of  Hartington  till  1766 : 
MP.  for  Derbyshire,  1741-61;  married,  1748,  the  bdxea 
of  the  Cork  and  Burlington  estates  in  Ireland ;  called  to 
the  peers  as  Baron  Cavendish,  1761  :  sncoeeded  to  the 
dukedom,  1766  ;  lord-lieutenant  of  Irdand,  1766-6 ;  prion 
minister,  1766-7 ;  lord  chamberlain,  1767-63.     [ix.  876] 

OAYEBOISH,  Sir  WILLIAM,  seventh  Dukk  op 
Dbtoxshirb  (1808-1891),  great  grandson  of  William 
Cavendish,  fourth  duke  [q.  v.] ;  educated  at  Btom  and 
Trinity  CoUege,  Cambridge ;  M.A.,  1839 ;  honorary  LLJX, 
1886 ;  M.P.  for  Cambridge  University,  1839-81,  Maltoe, 
Yorkshire,  1831  Derbyshire,  1831,  North  Derbyahire,  1883- 
1834 ;  succeeded  his  grandfather  as  second  Bari  of  Burling- 
ton, 1834,  and  his  cousin  William  George  Spenoer  Oaven- 
dish, sixth  duke  of  Devonshire  [q.  v.],  1868 ;  chancdlor  of 
London  University,  1836-66,  of  Cambridge  Univenity, 
1861-91,  and  of  Victoria  University,  1880 ;  K.G.,  1868 ; 
privy  cmmciUor,  1876 :  liberal  bene&ctor  of  scientific  and 
industrial  enterprises.  [SnppL  i.  400] 

OAYBVSIBH,  WILLIAM  OBORGB  SPBNCER,  sixth 
DukE  OF  DKV0K8HIRK  (1790-1868),  BJL  Trinity  CoUege, 
Cambridge,  1811 ;  succeeded  to  the  dukedooai,  Juhr,  1811 ; 
British  envoy  at  the  coronadon  of  Nicholas,  cxar  m  Bosaia, 
1836;  lord  chamberUin,  1837-8,  and  1880-4;  bibliophile 
and  collector  of  coins.  [ix.  876] 

OAYBHDISH-BBNTDrOK.    [See  Bkktixck.] 

OAVEBHZLL,  JOHN  (d.  1781),  physician :  licentiate 
of  the  London  College  of  Physicians,  1767;  wrote  on 
medical  topics.  [Ix.  876] 

OAW,  JOHN  YOUNG  (1810  ?-18681  banker ;  ednosted 
at  St.  Andrews  and  Cambridge ;  banker  in  Manchester, 
c.  1838-68  ;  published  pamphlets.  [ix.  876] 

OAWDELL,  JAMES  (d.  1800),  comedian  in  the  north 
of  England ;  retired,  1798 ;  poUislied  poems  and  plafs, 
1778-98.  [ix.  877] 

OAWDBY.  DANIBL  (1688-1664),  presbyterian :  eda- 
cated  at  Peterhonse,  Cambridge ;  rector  of  Great  BUUng, 
Northamptonshire,  1636 :  member  of  tito  Westminster 
Assembly,  1648 ;  ejected  from  his  living  for  nonoonfonnity, 
1663 ;  wrote  aninst  churchmen  and  independents,  1646-61. 

[lx.877] 

OAWDBY,  ZACHARY  (1616-1684),  divine ;  enterei 
St  John's  College,  Cambridge,  1688 :  M.A.,  1643  ;  rector  of 
Barthomley,  Chcaihire,  1649-84;  published  *A  Diacoorea 
on  Patronage,*  1676.  [ix.  877] 

0AWI2T,  WILLIAM  060^1^6  ?X  regidde;  eon  of 
a  rich  brewer  of  Chichester :  founded  St.  Bartholomew^ 
Hospital,  Chichester,  1636  :  M.P.,  Chichester,  1637 ;  fined 
for  refusing  knighthood,  1639  :  MP.,  lildhurst,  1640 :  an 
active  member  of  the  Long  parliament ;  one  of  the  king^i 
judges ;  member  of  the  ooundl  of  state,  1661 ;  MJ*.,  1659: 
excepted  from  pardon,  1660 ;  withdrew  to  Bdgiom  and 
Switzerland ;  his  estates  bestowed  by  crown  on  the  Duke 
of  York.  [ix.  878J 

OAWOOD,  JOHN  (1614-1673),  printer;  apprenticed 
in  London  ;  printed  in  his  own  name,  1648-78  ;  appointed 
queen's  printer  to  Mary,  1668,  and  joint  qaeen*a  prlntar  to 
Elisabeth,  1660 ;  active  member  of  the  StatiooenP  Oom- 
pany.  [ix.  879] 

0AW8T0V  or  OAXTSTOV,  MICHAEL  dk  (tf.  1896). 
master  of  Michaelhouse,  Cambridge ;  fellow  of  Peterhoose, 
Cambridge ;  D.D. :  master  of  Michaelhouse  after  1869 ; 
chancellor  of  Cambridge,  1861 :  benefactor  of  the  univer- 
sity :  dean  of  Chichester  at  some  date  between  188S  and 
14&.  [ix.  8»] 


OAWTHOBK 


OAVTOB,  THOMAS, ths  elder  |... 
■IikpM*  M  Qmebi'  OaUm.  Ouibridge ; 


_- ,   J>  Angriut.  IBU,  tot  pnjing  lor 

■  Q ' :  iDTolToil  in  tin?  pnjeBtfid  hAxtg  of 

■  ■  lu  Bngllih  oouirregr- 

[U.IB1] 


mm  U  1^wgm,\mbaaliiat1or  tdmidt,  14«>rD, -ririlbis 
lodH,  14M,  mat  Utncbt,  IMl;  at  Brniw,  *Mr'  — 

-*  -""  ItoffHih  mcrduktii  In  tbe  l*w  Omi 

I  Bm^ajBl  In  ncBOtiftUnff  comm 

IH  Sib  a(  BnTgund]',  1M4  and  14U 


^ ,_JtO«SoBae 

IT  «(  ODlnrl  Uuikni;  prlntid  hia  ■&«- 
.-_^  ^  t™^'  •-" K.K,..._      - 

-Silj  In  1 

J  Onlud  nulla 

- bnor  •ri'th  WwMd   n^RkiirS  ill.  i 

BB117  Vn :  vMUWMdiiRai  at  Wntmliutcr.  tnun  wbicu 
It  kimd,  1477-al,  hmtIj  aiJAtj  iqiuaU  booki.  diau; 
•(  ibtiB  tnaaUtlaiu  bj- umidf  from  Fmob  romaiirH 
ilbcflnt  of  QkQi  vw  tht  Ear]  of  BlTin'i  tratknlatloo  ol 
'n(DieMaBdeaTliis>ortlwFhllciaoiihe»;MII).  6ii 
tottawt  ftnoU  M  inx  intt  and  b;  OuUa.     [Ii.  nail 

CiT.  HENST  BOULT  (d.  tnt).  Isal  writer :  B.A, 
(hnCMI(««OHn)>rMgi,lTlt:  Ml<is,1ISI-'0;  IhitIeIei 
Dt  thi  Uiddle  TenplE :    pabllihM  ■dpidnmiU  to   tbi 
■-"■-"■■--  '-'inOij  [q.  T.l     [Lx.lflO] 


UnxT.  ARTHCR  (d.  IMa),  antbor  of  trite  u™ 
ti  Hi  WaltH  Ral^L.  ISUt,  ud  ol  Sir  Tbomai  Mon, 
1KB:  BJl.  Trinity  OoUfge,  Oambiidgl,  IIM;  rector o( 
Smu^.  Voilahln.  ISIL  [ii.  IX)] 


CBBMdgi,   IBU-Mi  OTB^i 
un  :  F.&S,  lUl;  Ooplc;  mcdallift, 

.-ladliwlirtUibaudforslgiiioiHiUHs 

ibibalfd  mas;  ninabic  papere  to  mathe- 
ilh  [BuppLLJDl] 

UTUT.   OB&RUS   BA60T  (18i!-lgaS),   traaa- 

>«(•  slBcalvd  at  Kfos'i  CiiUi«(.  London,  aiid  Cam- 
li^(&A,]M().  Hl>  Tene  CranriaHaiu  Include  DaDte. 
ML  «Kli;liii.  186?,  Homer.  II 

OITLET.     COBSELIUS     i 


a-  known  ai  Oh*d  i 


tpet&miix 


iu^llile  ot  S< 

c]tiite    monafUTT,  c 

'DTbibln.  HA :  a 

{ WUIriUi  not  olaliuiD*  tb*  «■)■ 
'  of  AnbblibDp  Tbaodon,  and 
«]it  10  be  bUwr  of  tb«  Iftttiia 
C  LIcbflild,  wben  ba  bnUl 
balltaeeUatBarm  "■ 
jTcnd  a*  an  EugUab  1 


UnodnibtR:  dlad 


OXASWALLA.    [ga  C.KIIWIUJ.] 

OXALLAOHAX  (<f.  M4).  king  of  Oarbd.  US-M  ; 
raYagvd  Ibt  ndgbboiuing  ^Irlcte,  DU-V :  prlaotitf  in 
Donond.  Ml  :  vlcIorlDat  at  Ma^daUi,  Ml :  aniwUr  of 
tlM  O'CaUagban!.  (It.  ^3] 


B  witb  tbc  Irirb.  ew-871 :  i 


CKAWUN    <4.  Htl). 

fonglit  at  Bennbyrlir.  OS 

Ms  (atbcr.  Cynrlc,  6«0; 

atad  Uie 

Jiita  of  Kent  at  Wimblrf 
bam,-*77,  mnq™™i01on 

owU 

*■  T''^^^ 

t  ■Door- 

Bevmi  lolley.  6B3 ;  irpnlsal  by 

the  Welib  at  Vale  Bojal, 

Cbealilrc:   dcprirat  of  co 

who   baulBl  a   revolt.  It 

II;   drfaMd  at  ~Wai 

WUtabte,6Sll;  teUinba 

[U.  iMJ 

OXOn..    AUTHUH.  wbo« 

),  ac 

U:t;    appeared 

«ilb    the 

tLibHquenl^'  played  al 


Old  Tony  Lompldn. 


IGIU;  kulgbttil.  II 
Uigbam;  rLvfh,  b; 


t-l  Joint- manager  of  the  Ooart, 

ade  Touotattmii^  Sir  Feler  Tiaile, 

[SappL  L  «J31 

WlMBumos  ( llft- 

<u  CounUio.  IBH-ISIO:  apuin 


h>Mt,mt;  pobliibed  ai 


imbrldge ;  tucoealal  Ut 

york.(iiii  tbe'soccHBlon  ;  prisoocr  in  the  TO"er,  IDTTj 
made  1il<  plan  vi-itb  Cbarlea  n,  1S7».  [li.  9*7] 

OEOIL,  JAMBR,  fonrlb  £«iti.  or  eiLUBtrBV  (d. 
ISSl),  eldat  aou  of  Jams  Oooil.  tblid  eiri  [q.  v.] :  Im- 

bite,  161».  [Ix.  3»Ti 

(aim.,  eilai  SNOWDBK,  JOHN  (1UB-1UBX  prtert 
aod  poUUoal  lanatata:  idasUd  at  Triiiilj  Oollese, 
Oifind:  Joined  BomaB  eatliolii^aetnlDaryatltbclBii.lHI; 
Etgdied  at  BanUab  ccdIiSB.  Anne,  and  took  boly  oidcri ; 
at  ValladoIU  wltb  Vatlier  Panow.  wba|lHI>Hnt  bim  to 
Kigland  ;  eaptund,  ubtiiqaentlT  beoomiiig  apj  In  isr- 
vin  of  BniKbJB]'  and  Hr  Robert  (>oa ;  asled  (or  ten  jrmn 
u  political  asvnt 

priffita  wba  laid  befon  the  pojje  gTleTaucee  againit  Black- 
well  and  Cbe  jeudta:  la  l«M  witb  Champney  pnanted 
to  The  popr  peUtiaii  of  EnAllnb  prieeta  for  epUoopal  gch 
vaminent ;  uiaplain  and  almoner  lo  Margaret  ot  ValcAs  i 
diadalParlg.  [Suppl.  I.  «IB] 

OEOIL.  RICHARD  (1748-1811)).  evnogolical  divine; 
yOUnKeet  cblld  ol  a  wealthy  London  dyer:  adUettaate: 
onlalnol  priial,  1777:  li.A.  gueuu'.  Uallige,  Oifonl,  1777; 

telnte*,  tITT-M,  and  Bi.  Thonu.  Lern,  llll-lf;  a 


OEoHi 


280 


OENWAIiH 


popalar  pmeber  in  and  near  London^  1780-1806 ;  Ticar  of 
Ohobham,  Snrrqr.  1800 :  wrote  derottonal  and  biographi- 
cal tracts,  pabliflhed  poethomooaly.  lix.  898] 

OZOn,  BOBEBT,  first  Earl  of  Baubbdrt  and 
first  ViBcouKT  Orakbobmk  (1563  7-161SX  statesman; 
son  of  William  Oecil,  baron  Btughley  [q.  v.]  ;  edacated 

frirately,  being  of  weak  healtb;  resident  in  France,  c 
684-7 ;  attached  to  the  Barl  of  Derby's  mission  to  the 
Spanish  Netherlands,  1588 ;  M .P.  for  Hertfordshire,  1689 
and  1601;  acted  as  secretary  of  state;  knighted,  1691 :8ecre- 
tary  of  state,  1696-1608;  envoy  to  France,  1698;  com- 
missioner to  try  the  Barl  of  Essex  for  leaving  Ireland, 
1600 ;  accused  by  Essex  of  doubting  Elizabeth's  title,  1601 ; 
made  overtures  to  James  VI  of  Scotland ;  secured  the  ac- 
cession of  James  VI  to  the  English  throne,  1603 ;  created 
Baron  Oedl,  1608,  Viscount  Oranbome,  1604,  and  Earl  of 
Salisbury,  1606 ;  forced  by  James  I  to  exchange  Theobalds 
for  Hatfield,  1607 ;  built  Hatfield  House ;  known  as  the 
•  crook-backed  *  earl ;  died  deeply  in  debt.         l\x.  400] 

OBOIL,  THOMAS,  first  Earl  of  Exstkb  and  second 
Baro.v  Burqhlvt  (164S-16SSX  ddest  son  of  William 
Gecil,  baron  Burghley  [q.  v.] ;  educated  privately ;  lived 
dissolutdy  at  Paris  and  In  Germany,  1661-8;  MJ*., 
Stamford,  1663 ;  served  against  the  northern  rebels,  1669 ; 
served  in  ScoUand,  1673 ;  knighted,  1576  ;  served  in  the 
Low  Oountries,  1586,  and  against  the  Armada,  1688 ;  sno- 
oeeded  to  barony,  1698 ;  president  of  the  council  of  the 
nOTth,  1699 ;  helped  to  crush  the  Earl  of  Essex's  rising, 
1601 ;  created  Earl  of  Exeter,  1606 ;  founded  a  hospital 
at  Liddington,  Rutlandshire ;  benefactor  of  Glare  Oouege, 
Oambridge.  [ix.404] 

GEOIL,  THOMAS  (Jt.  1680),  one  of  the  few  English 
engravers  of  the  eariy  seventeenth  century;  engraved, 
chiefly  portraits,  in  London,  1637-86.  l\x,  406] 

OSOIL,  WILLIAM,  Barox  Burohlkt  (16S0-1598X 
statesman;  only  son  of  a  wealthy  Nortluunptonshix« 
squire  (d.  1668),  in  the  service  of  Henrv  VIII :  educated 
at  Grantham  scho(d ;  at  St  John's  OoUege,  Oambridge, 
1686-41 ;  studied  Greek :  entered  Gra/s  Inn,  1641 ;  allied 
by  marriage  with  Sir  John  Oheke,  of  Oambridge,  the  Greek 
scholar :  held  the  lucrative  office  of  oostos  brevinm  in 
the  court  of  common  pleas,  1647-61 ;  M  J*.,  Stamford. 
1647 :  secretary  to  Lord  Protector  Somerset ;  imprisoned 
in  the  Tower  on  Somerset's  fall,  1649 ;  secretary  of  state, 
1660-8 ;  recorder  of  Boston,  1661 ;  knighted,  1661 ;  began 
building  Burleigh  House  and  Wimbledon  House,  1668 ; 
employiBd  by  Queen  Mary  to  recall  Cardinal  Pole.  1664, 
and  (nnsuoceisfnlly)  to  mediate  between  the  Frencn  king 
and  emperor,  1666 ;  M  JP.,  Lincolnshire,  1666  ;  secretary 
of  state,  1668-78 ;  chancellor  of  Oambridge  University, 
1669 ;  envoy  to  Scotland,  1660 ;  his  influence  threatened 
by  Elizabetli's  partiality  to  Lord  Robert  Dudley  (earl  of 
Leicester  in  1664) ;  master  of  the  court  of  wards,  1661 ; 
attended  Queen  Elizabeth  on  her  state  visits  to  Oambridge, 
1664,  and  to  Oxford,  1666;  organised  secret  police  to 
detect  plots  against  fflizabeth,  1670 ;  created  Baron  of 
Burghl^,  February  1671 ;  lord  high  treasurer.  1678-98,  and 
chia  minister  of  Queen  Elizabeth :  responsible  for  execu- 
tion of  Mary  Queen  of  Soots,  1687 ;  founded  a  hospital 
at  Stamford  Baron;  his  oorrespondenoe  preserved  at 
HatfiekL  [Ix.  406] 

OSOniA  or  OSOZLY  (1469-1507X  third  daughter  of 
Edward  IV ;  betrothed  to  James,  eldest  son  of  James  III 
of  Scotland,  1474;  betrothed  to  Alexando*,  duke  of 
Albany,  1483;  took  sanctuary  at  Westminster  from 
Richard  m,  1488 ;  surrendered  to  Richard  m,  1484 ; 
taken  into  fovour  by  Henry  VII,  1486 ;  married  John, 
viscount  Wells  (d.  1498),  c  1487;  married  Thomas 
Kymbe  or  Kyne,  of  the  Isle  of  Wight,  c  1604.  [ix.  413] 

OXDD  or  OEDBA,  Saixt  (d.  664),  brother  of  Geadda 
[q.v.],  with  whom  he  is  sometimes  confused;  an  Angle 
ox  Northnmbria ;  pupil  of  St.  Aidan  at  Lindisfame ;  sent 
to Ohristianise the  Middle  Anglos,  668;  sent  to  Essex  to 
Ohristianise  the  East  Saxons,  663 ;  consecrated  bishop  of 
the  East-8axons2664 ;  f oanded  a  monastery  near  Maldon, 
and  another  at  West  Tilbury,  Essex ;  founded  and  ruled 
the  monast^  at  Lastingham,  Yorkshire ;  attended  the 
council  at  Whitby,  664 ;  accepted  the  Roman  computa- 
tion of  Easter ;  died  of  plague ;  revered  as  an  English 
saint :  commemorated  on  7  Jan.  [Ix.  418] 

0IIIII0V,8axiitO<-«70).    [See  Ojuniok.] 


OILEGLZSBOE,  SAINT  (d.  697).    [SeeOniAN.] 

0SLZ8IA,  DOROTHEA  (1788-1790X  aothonss  of 
*  Almida,*  a  tragedy,  1771,  and  *  Indolence,'  a  poem,  1778 ; 
daughter  of  David  Malkt  [q.  v.] ;  mArried  Pietro  Faoto 
Oelesia,  Genoese  ambassador  (1766-9) :  resided  at  Genoa, 
1759-90.  [iz.  414] 


Madamk,  properly 
(1814  7-1888),  actress ;  trained  in  Paris ;  visited  Ameriea, 
1887 ;  married  a  Mr.  Elliott  there ;  appnred  in  Liverpool, 
1880,  London,  1881  and  1888,  America,  1884-7,  LoodoB, 
1887-41,  Liverpool,  1843,  and  London,  1844-74 ;  withdrew 
toPteis.  Cix-«1*] 

OELLAOH,  Saixt  (6th  oent.X  Msbop  of  KflUa; 
otherwise  Okllam  ;  commemorated  on  1  luy :  ddest  son 
of  a  king  in  Mayo ;  monk  at  Olonmacnois ;  onned  bj  St 
Oiaran  for  leaving  the  monastery  to  beoome  kiiig;  n- 
tnmed  to  monkish  lifo ;  chosen  bishop  in  Mayo  with  bk 
see  at  KilbUa  (OeU  Alaidb) ;  murdered  by  order  of  Gain^ 
king  in  Galway.  iix.  4U] 

CSLLAOH,  Saint  (1079-1189).    [SeeOxLBUS.] 

OELUEE,  ALFRED  (1844-1891 X  composer  and  eoD- 
tributor ;  one  of  chikiren  of  Ghapd  Royal,  1866 ;  bald 
successively  several  appointments  as  orepuiist:  fint 
musical  director  at  Gourt  Theatre.  1871 ;  direoter  «f 
orchestra  at  Opera  Oomiqoe,  Mandiester,  1871-f^  and 
Opera  Oomique,  London,  1877-9 ;  joint-ooDdnetar  wfih 
Sir  Arthur  Sullivan  [q.  v.]  at  Oovent  Garden,  1878-t; 
composed  many  comic  operas,  including  *  Dorothy,*  18K, 
and  *  Mount^MuikB  *  rprodoced  posthnmoosly,  1803) ;  Us 
opera  *  Pandora '  produced  in  Boston,  U.S.A.,  1881. 

[SopnL  L  406] 

OELLIEB,  ELIZABETH  (Jl.  1680),  Mte  Dormv; 
married  Peter  Oellier,  a  Frenchman;  embiaoed  B»> 
manism  ;  midwife  in  London ;  agent  for  distctbattag 
alms  to  the  *  popish  ptot  *  prisoners,  1679 ;  aoqoitted,  1680^ 
on  a  charge  of  plotting  the  king's  murder  (*  the  meal-tab 

Slot') ;  fined  and  piUoried  for  libd  in  her  r^^v^l^ abool 
er  trial  ('l£aUce  defeated*);  published  two  pamphtali 
on  the  training  of  mid  wives,  1687-8.  [ix.  417] 

OELLIKO,  WILLIAM,  perhaps  more  properly  W& 
UAM  Tilly  of  Skluno  (d,  1494),  bom  in  Kent ;  moak 
at  GhristOhurch,  Oanterbury;  B.D.  Oxford,  1468;  pes* 
slbly  fellow  of  All  Souls'  GoUege ;  prior  of  Ohrist  (Siim, 
Oanterbury,  1478-94;  collected  Latin  and  Gredc  mami- 
soripto  on  the  conUnent,  c  1473 ;  improved  the  boiUiiigi 
of  his  convent ;  taught  Thomas  Linacre ;  envoy  to  Rome, 
1486;  commissioner  in  negotiations  betweeu  Wn^^ii*, 
France,  and  Brittany,  1490-L  [ix.  417] 

OELBTJB  or  OELLAOH,  Saint  (1079-llS9),arohlnsbop 
of  Armagh ;  son  of  .Adh,  of  a  family  which  held  the  see 
hereditarily;  succeeded  as  archbishop,  September  1106; 
created  suffragan  bishops :  visited  in  his  proviiMse,  ool- 
tooting  dues,  1106-80;  mediator  between  ulah  pcteoes, 
1107-K ;  presided  at  a  synod  to  establish  mUsi  of  oondnoti 
nil :  attended  a  conncU  to  fix  the  boondartee  of  Iiftdi 
dioceses,  1117 ;  chosen  biriiop  of  DubUn,  llSl,  but  per- 
haps never  made  good  his  title  against  his  rival  Qregarj; 
taught  St.  Malachy,  whom  he  recommended  for  bis 
oessor ;  robbed  by  the  O'Ruarcs  and  O'Brians,  1188 ;  oon 
memorated  on  6  ApriL  [Ix.  418] 


OEHKIOK,  JOHN  (1718-1765),  divine;  joined 
thodists  under  Wesley,  1739 ;  made  tour  among  Moravisa 
brethren  in  Germany,  1745  :  ordained  deao(m  in  Moravisa 
church,  London,  1749 ;  published  sermons  and  hymns. 


rSnppL  L  406] 
7-17881 


OEVTUTRX,  SUSANNAH  (1667  7-l788l~acbrew  and 
dramatist:  acted  in  the  provinces,  often  in  her  own 
comedies ;  called  herself  S.  GarroU ;  married,  at  Winteir, 
1706,  Joseph  Gentlivre,  cook  to  Queen  Anne ;  lived  wWb 
her  husband  in  St.  Martin's-in-the-Fidds,  T^mdon,  1718- 
1738 ;  wrote  eighteen  plays,  chiefly  oomedJeB,  1700-8S. 


Jlx.480] 


OJUTWiNE  or  KSXTTEK  (d.  686),  king  of  the  West- 
Saxons ;  came  to  the  throne,  676 ;  took  the  Qoantook 
hills  from  the  Welsh;  sheltered  Wilfrith  fkir  a  time; 
benefactor  of  Glastonbury  Abbey.  [iz.  4Mf] 

OBVWALH,  KENWSALH,  or  COnrWALGK  (d. 
678X  king  of  the  West-Saxons;  sucoeeded  bis  £atber 
Oynegik  [q.  v.],  648 :  a  pagan ;  pat  away  bis  KerolHi 
wife;  driven  from  his  kingdom  by  Penda  of  XMa, 


b  Mt :  noBtit  uTbim  lilMt  ABfU* ;  cmTtrtol  loOtirtt- 
■iiirin:  iw^D^  bit  UMdan,  «ii:   bnlu  BL  Pitar'i, 

TliiliiilM     mill  •[■■'^^ 1     '  WlndHMr,  UO: 

lifciiiil  iba  W^li  ■tBrailli)td-«o-jLno.U),uidu«i(d 
HMk  WDtaUni  ddHtal  Uh  Wdih,  e»S,  ud  uwcud 
to  Uh  Faint ;  audi  Wlnl  bishop 

KWnUbBIB  Ol  MCRlK,  Ul : 
H  bkhap  of  WlDclicala, 


il— ■■"iillili  liiiiiiiirl  UMDOttbtralrlA,  7<M,u^  t 
Ikta,na,tDOl)«mllKBoiiiulHlD;  Btoot  tor  IbMtai. 
-■   ' [itOf] 


CmLWVU,  Burr  (<!.  TM),  lOns  of  NartliiunbiU, 
Hi:  trWin  !»-*-■*-»—*-<  i.i.-m.t~.j.  f-.i-ir.ti~'- 
MtoHid  nd  tsMnd,  711:  nnd*  Bogtntat  triibop  of 
Tak,  nt ;  wilCBrt.  TIT,  ud  bisuiw  ft  nnnk  nt  Llcdii- 

Ox.  4»7] 


eiBnnO,  OUOOBBE  (ItnT-lTSt),  HahiD- 
taUi :  isllj  aond  Baoti  ;  u  ItaUu  Jew :  nUed  In 
I  Ilia.  ITW-M ;  pliiod  Id  Um  imbtatn  nC  Stuit  I^nc. 

lilHlTltf.  JA.MB  maf-ian,  Tklooodllit; 
Wkl  br  Ilia  bihv,  OlH^iba  Ovncio  [q.  t.]  ;  fint 
tiding  ITM:  tnTdkd  on  the  aDaOiHC  17Mi 
BslWBid  la  LoDliB,  17U-a  :  nUnd  oa  Ui  faClKt^ 
hrtK  [ix.W] 


>  loat ;   ooofuHd 

■  [q.».]  [II.US1 

CBAMT,  OHAHLB  (ISIt-IBSt),  eipnt  in  hud- 

■tttlv;  b«B  Id  Battanta  ;  orlglnaUj  a  Ultaograpber  ; 

iiiDiPil  [iiJm^iiiiiIIj  Iba MMn <il  JonlM. tdenctfylag 

ite  ta^*iuiw  >Ub  (tet  of  ar  Pbmp  rraneb,  ib71. 

CXMSMBO  or  OHAOSPOftT.  PVTBR  (4.  in*\ 
lnBaittB«<  Hmi*  lUi  a  PDUarln;  nnal  olerk,  IHJ: 
kiBvaftta  wBiAnta.  lia;i«oUr  Df  Itlncliae.  Bock- 
^g  I  — hii :  anbdwm  o(  Villa,  I»0  ;  tnaaoTR,  lUI : 
UMIUM  of  UbmId  Oatbedial.  IIH:  asoampanied 
Bamj  m  to  Fnaoa  ;  died  a*  Boalopia.  [ii.  MO] 

OKAS,  Burr  (<!.  STI).    [Bee  OUDDi.] 
VMMBMMTOa,  [.&DSKNOB(UM?-lt40Xthe(>k«laD : 

atta  :  fcuaiiid  oa  Meomlnc  a  pnttataDt  at  Oani' 
k(MpL«  UM:  (Dtand  Otarlat^  OoUaia,  Gambrtdga, 
Um-hk^Utt;  Mln,  UM  T-UTe :  imaabar  fv  UV 


OHALELET 

at  Bt.  Olenwntl,  OaubiU(« :  BJ),  1 

Valtfr  Jiildmaj^   the  fooada-.  to 

umel  (M\t^t,  liM  ;  a  nifmf-.-  nf 

Conrl  confinnce.  1(04;  am  uf 

authorlMd  nndoo,  I«a7-ll :  DJ),  Itlt :  rnlBned  maals^ 
■Up,  laX  [li.  UO] 

OEASXSTtnr,  OHASDKKTOX,  or  OKATTXXTOK, 
WILLIAM  (1  MO  r-l«(M),  blihop  gf  Chnter  and  ot  Ud- 


Oambrtdga  (or  Sir  WUlUa  CkU  aod  Ldoeato' :  Ladf 
Virgant  EnAWK  of  dlTlnltr.  lU7-> :  pttaldait  af 
Qneem'  OOOttt  (bjr  eoart  pmun),  IHft-7«;  n«ioa  pro- 
trmor  «[  dlrtnitj,  lt«>-«t):  oppiaad  On  CunbrUc* 
porltaiu;  pnbeadan  of  York,  1174.  and  of  Weitanlnater, 
1*;«:  warden  ot  Itanobener  CaUagt.  lUO;  notsr  of 
Baii«iir  :  blihop  ol  OlHler.  ]»I>-M.  oanrkng  oat  eoait 
ordn  to  tuppna  popeej  and  parllKnlan ;  tnoalatrd  to 
(M,  *  <[>      nprwed  ™™^ 

OKASB,   BIB  HBKBT     DUCIB  n7n7-l8a8),  ad- 


MaaritliM,  Sk:  takm  nrlnMi bf  (£■  Anwiian IrlnM 
CoBiUtaUoD,  lail :  ntaatf,  IBll :  aamd  In  W«tt  iBdIaa, 


OaASWIOK,  Sn  EDWIK  (IMO-ISM),  luiltuy  n 
former  ;oallod  to  bar  at  Inner  Temple,  IfT"-  ~  -'-"-^-• 
len,  Ktloleon  'PnrnUnPolloe'lD  -Ii 

Jeremj  BcDtham :  aialitan 


rotiut 

bovd  al  bealU^  IMS-M;  piwited  'Hpante  iraton,' 
vUch  ITM  ■doptol  for  dnWg*  of  Cawnpan,  U71 ; 
knlstated,  ISM;  pntaliibBl  ntmiDnia  pampliMi,  repute, 
and  papal.  [SnppL  L  4M] 

OEADWTOK,  JAMEB  (1811-1881),  Bodbb  oatboUe 
pT«late ;  born  &t  Dtngheda  ;  educated  at  Uifaaw ;  mb- 
abmarr  prloit  In  the  north  of  g"g<*"^  ; 
Uibaw ;  bUhop  dI  Habani,  18M :  pobllaba 


Il..tMl 
CaXmaM,  RIOHABD  (iril-lIllX  aet  np  pottBT 

fabrlo  tor  bine  ud  white  cartbenwan  at  Uvirpool,  lUt, 
apd  became  rim  (d  WadgwoDd.  [Bap^LIM] 

(SKAFTEaa,  WIUJAU  (1B11-IBM),  aathoiltf  ni 
Bid  plato  and  poUerr  :  edocatnl  at  Iferolwit  Tajkn* 
Bchool :  P.B.A..  lUl :  pnbUihol '  HaU  Mailn  ea  Oold  and 
BUnr  FlaW  IMI,  and  <  Ifarki  aod  llonogranu  m 
Pottnj  and  Poroelaln,'  18U,  (Bnpil  L  «ogj 


gSATT.  WILLIAM  (l7r»-lM!},bmiefaotoc  of  Hdnar 
Bnaeex  OoU«e.  OambrUge :  nltrri  Ktug'i  Sclnol.  CU- 
trtMT.  irga  ;  Bi.  aUn,,  Sn«.  Coll.^  IBOO  ;  telknr. 
leoi ;  BJ)^  1810  :  matter  at  Bldoej  Bnaeei  OoUege.  1811- 
18«9 :  DJI,  1818 :  king->  chaplain.                     [U.  4t«] 

■Jwik  Oonnot.'  u 

WILLIAH    (lTIW-1781), 
IrWi  nonL  17*1.  ani^ 
aimraprntin  Dublin. 

aotbor   af 
Id  a  farce; 
[ta.4M] 

the  Uldlle  Temple.  IBM :  knightra,  1871.          [Ii.  tH] 

OKAUCHILL,  JOHN  (A  leOO).  poet;  author  ot  a 
paMonL  •Ibtahna  and  d»rahi«.'  publlahed,  1888,  bj 
Inak  Walton,  who  knew  him  In  jaatb.             [Ix.  U7] 

OBALKIZT,  THOlf  AS  (167e-irt1X  q°aker  ;  Hn  of 
aSonthwaik  Indeunan;  prsKbed  in  the  tooth  olbw- 
lud.  In  Bootland,  lei7,  and  In  Virginia,  lsg8 ;  coiKiatad 

Qnat  Britain,  HolUad.  and  B«manr,  17OT-10 :  tianlkd 
tn  Amnioa  ai  a  pnMlieT,  17U-18;   ylHUA  Barbadoa, 
i;»l  dKdatUwTUiiaUMidi;  pnhUihed  pamphlet!. 

flTTAT.T.TOT! 


OHAMBBBLAIN 


OHALLnrOR,    Una. 

oaALUB.  JAUBS  (i«os-isat).  < 


[It.  198]         to  tbe  lonnBtlOD 

pb^lclui :  MJ) 
ai  BBtteno ;  pub- 
«-6S.      [1S.M8] 

(A    18TU).      ISO 


1.  IMS  :  ierlted  Uk 
1  Pna  obuRb; 
B  Fne   Obarch 


il,  phllouphlcAl,  fi] 


TrluItT  OoU^  OHiibridn. 

Idlow,  IMVIl ;  reotor  of  Pupwortb  1 „- 


lb  BvBnirl.  Ounbrldgs- 


_  .,        .  It  knowing  It,  1  Aug.  lUt ;  pnbllibid 

'Aitmnomlcml  ObMrnUona  mids  ■(  .  .  .  Oimbridfie,' 
1K39-<M :  [Hiblliluii  hli  ttaRiiT  of  pbyalml  foron.  ISBV ; 
pablliibed  bta  utronumjisl  IrDtarca.  1879:  vi&te  on 
Kriptural  soil  Biuoatinnal  loplw.  [il.  »M] 

OHAIXOiraE,  RICHARD  (1GS1-17B1),  nomim  cstlio- 

BcnzLtm  c^oUa  tqnirefl ;  ituiUed  il  Dgmtr,  IT04 ;  print, 
m«  ;  BJ>-  1718  :  DJ>,  171T ;  pnfan-  of  pUliHopbr, 
ITlt-n :  Ttor-praUmt  Hkl  pn&iHr  at  dlrinltr.  ITW- 
ITK:  ndirioiwr  In  LondoD,  ITN:  (DHCidtnM  eontm- 
nrv  wltli  Btibop  Coofen  lUadlEtai,   ITII:    tltnlsr 

ofTBiODaitb  Id Eug- 


abnrge  oE  tbs  London  dl'tdot,  1' 


linl.  ISTr-iest.- 1711-9.  'SritiumLi  Hanata;  1 
BuloU,'  17U.  UiD  blMfl  In  Englldi  for  Ramaa  atbolicH. 
174B-U,  and  nntnanmi  ilsnUouiiI  ud  eontmrBnlal 
UaoW,  l7lM-»7.  [Ii.  4W] 

DKAUnSB.    A-LEXAKDBIt   (171^-1331),     mltwl- 


)ip«lUHT,  and  d» 

[t..4«] 

.  (;f,  nnsXwaUr-colODF  puiDttt: 
^odemj,  17M-I.  [lE.  4H] 

il{ire7-IM0),li«itcnaiit. 
"i  BKUi.ine-Tieap- 
I,  ■(  WalabBK,  IMl 


I),  llHilciiaiit. 
.  --    -.  ^.IBW-Tisap. 

tain,  1W7 :  Hmd  In  Fortanl.  IHW,  ■(  tf  BlabBK,  UU«l 
Id  Uh  PaUnnUik  UlO-11,  In  Bel■lBB^  IMlt.  at  WntariM 
1811,  and  In  rnnoe,  1811-17;  nia)or««wal,  ISM; 
knlBbtsd,  1818 ;  Il«iilaiaut«a»ral.  18M.  [li.  «4} 

DBALOH,  ALFRED  BDWARD  (nsO-ISCO).  pOTtnit 
and  tubi«b  paiBtor ;  bom  In  Rtona :  itudltd  an^D  Im- 
don,  1787  :  cjbibiial,  laiu-s;.  Jli.  4U] 

OHAtON,  JOHN  JAItIBg(l77H-ISM).l«idBoapo*ihl 


BnMMMa  OoUage,  Diron 
1S« ;  ILP,  Aldborougb.  ■ 
twT  oomniiBloim  In  tlii?  1 
Kill,  1A6S ;  Imprisoned  bj 


[II.  «M] 


irbhln.  IMik-DI :  pBcUan 
benmirlo  ?eelbaEUe,ie 


uC^or  of  blograpbltf ;  pobUibcd  ^ '. 
of  Oxford,'  1810. 
tlonaty,'  181 1- 17. 


and  'Tbe  Ofniral  Btograpbloal  I 

DAVID  (IBlOt-lcn). 


[SmCH: 

palnUr  ;  bam  In  ^nbnrgh  of  a  fanill/  wl_ 
MtaMa  br  forltUsn,-  IranUcd  ;  cxUblled  al  uie  nt 
AiBd«iy.lT7»-n.  [K.44I 

QBORGB  (17U-lB3b).  Sinttlili  a 


k,  1788 :  pabtlabed  bUwiapbln  of  De  P« 

film;  bli  chief  vock.  'OaledaDU:  an 
xtii  Britain,'  1807-1*.  [Ii.  44>] 

i.  OBOROK  PAUL  (ISM-ieiav  paints' ; 
U«d  art  at  Bdloburgh :  eiblbltol  In 
nmrdmd  by  Ihlevae  In  Bdlnbor^ 

tli.»«] 
JAlfBa  (irat-lUi).  port-oSln    n- 


I,  Sir  JOHN  n7M-lB 


'eoriSnded 


Roenl,  1811  i  K.O.B.,  18U :    biM  oommand  In  India, 
ISin-lS;diedatML  [U.  «7] 


U,  PATEICK  (IBOl-ISM), 
qnary;  of  Qna'a  Oollege.  Oxford,  1811 
dnwDona;  raUrcdlB  Aoldbar,  ISM;  H.P. 
bmslis,  18U-«]  1  pabUibad  aaUqnarian  i 
of '  Anotait  Sonlptond  UawmeaM ...  of 


L'SZ 


OXAUaU,  THOMAB  (17S0-1H7).  tbnloglan; 
doMted  at  SL  Aodivm ;  itfniiter  of  KUmsDT,  Plfs, 
ISOI-IB  1  leotnnd  on  cbamlitiT  at  Ht.  Andmn ;  mlnlaMt 
[  Tron  paillli.  OlaKOw,  181t-IO,  and  of  BC  John'a.  Ola*- 
mr,  IBJO-t ;  DJ).  Oluvow.  mt;  ilMttd  London,  ISIT : 


OBALONEK.  RIOHARD  (d.  1»4I),  Uneodnpcr,  et 
London:  bangal  for  >hare  lu  Edmund  Wallsr'i  rafilM 
plot,  184.  [tx.  «H] 

CHALDITEB,  Bm  THOU.\S,  tbe  elltr  <l»fl-im), 


Ba(ikl]«bamihlTe^  1H7,  and  nliet  tandi,  l»t(-«l :  nnr 
toSsatlaild,IMI-l,lo  Franca,  IWt.  to  Sootlaal,  ltN,lg 
Um  anpemr,  1H8,  (be  Spanlnh  Netbo-landa,  ItM-M^  tat 
apain,  IMl-t ;  wrM  Uttn  nna  (pablbbol,  KTS) :  pob- 
Uabtf  tmuOallDna  fmn  ttaa  IdOn.  (ti.  UTJ 

OSALOHKK,  Sir  TH0UA8,  tbi  TOQnnr(lMl-1«i]i 
naturaUft:  onlj  ion  of  BIr  TbotOM  Ohauos  Ilia  Ma 
[q.T.];  ent«ellla«dam  Ol>U«n,Oi(acd,  UT*:  BLL 
I&BdBlen  H^lMt:CnfdledrinO:  lemd  In  rnn* 
and  waa  knlgbted,  IHI ;  In  lUly.  llW-7 :  •pwed  ila 


aooompanled  Jamei  TI  of  BooUaod  to  ""t**"*  :  MMnor 

ot  Prince  Hcnrr,  IMIS,  and  bli  cbambirialn,  lalo :  tana- 

laoMrofat.Beei'SobDoL  t>>><M] 

OHAUVKS,  THOKAS  (lt»-l«ai),  nglolte:  1 

•m  n(  HU  Thomai  Obalonar  ttaa  j '-    -' 

OifoTd,  1811 ;  tnril 
illscatltig  hli  Y  ""'""■■' 
Torta^  1< 


Obuba  I  tor  00 


\^Li 


[Ix-MOJ 
>HM  a  td. 
l<Ei«knl; 

■□tatdf  toHmiy  vS.  [i.  1] 

t,  JOHN  (U7a-l»tt).    [aee  Ohambri.] 
4  (1H8-I«M>,  i> 


(It7«-1«MX  <>>Bbop  ot  Tpn;  of 
bom  at  Ghent :  ednoated  at  Rtnr 
Obwt :  blebop  al  Tpn,  18M-S4. 

OBAKBXBLAIlr,  JOSN  ma-lttT). 
bom  In  London :  enterad  IMolt"  '■^"— 
1(70;  mtdal  In  or  umt  Loodin. 
IMC  to  lUi. 


7  (MlM,  DUnbMdcik 
HbMiM  dktolkHk 


OHAMBBBI^AIN 


OHAMBEBS 


r,  JOHN  HKNRY(18S1-188S),  ftivhi- 
gftodaed  arehitaetare  in  <^oe8  in  Leioester  and  Lon- 
don :  Tisitai  Italy ;  miM^  emplojed  in  Birmin^luun  and 
distriet  fnnn  18M ;  patron  of  the  Birmingham  adhooi  of 
art  and  otbor  ednoatlonal  inttitatioiu.  [z.  8] 


OSAMBSBIiAZir  or  CSAKBIRLATHE,  Sir 
LBDHABD  (A  1M1)»  governor  of  Ooemwy :  eon  of  Sir 
Und  Gbaaberli^jDe  (14M  ?-lft4S  ?)  [q.  ▼.];  Icnmerof 
Woodeteek  Fferk,  1648 ;  obtained  gnmts  of  oharoh-iandfl, 
IMS :  Am\r  at  Osfbidihire  and  Berkshire,  lM7and  IMS  ; 
^"^l^^^i  IMS :  an  officer  of  the  Tower,  1649-68 :  H.P. 
for  auMlwmuBh,  1M3,  and  for  Oxfoidihire,  16M :  gover- 
r,  1M3-«L  [X.  3] 

LOr,  BOBBRT  (/.  1640-1«60),  poet ;  a 


,  entered  Bxeto'  OoUege^  Oxfoid,  1687 ; 

apophthegms  and  verws,  1638,  a  comedy  en- 

The  Swaggering  DanueU  *  and  Jests,  1640.  [x.  4] 

AIV,    EOBEffT  (/.   1678),  arithmeti- 


i;  aoooantAnt,  of  London ;  pabli«hed  *  The  Accompk- 

ntls  Ckdde,'  and  *A  Plaine  .  .  .  Explanation  of  .  .  . 
/1679.  [X.  6] 

IV,  ROBBBT  id,   1798 ?X  ceramist; 


Bster  porcelain 
iberlain  dc  Son. 


mi 


.  p.  8] 

or  OHAMSSKLATirS,  THOMAS 

{4,  VtMX  jndse ;  barrister  of  Gray's  Inn,  1885 :  serJeant- 
it^v.  ItU :  knighted :  a  judge  in  North  Wales,  1618 ; 
iiMtlee  ot  ObSBter,  1616-iO ;  jasUoe  of  the  king's 

_. .    temporary  jnstioe  of  the  common  pleas, 

clileC-jiialfoe  of  Chester,  1614-6.  [x.  6] 


KLAnr,  WILLIAM  (d,  1807X  portrait  and 
painter ;  a  T^wdoner ;  popU  of  John  Opie ;  ex- 
MbltBd,im-18Qt.  [x.6] 

_.  JOHN  (1745-lBU),  antlqnaiy ; 

the  king^  drawings,  1791 ;  edited  reprodnctions 
,wii«B  in  the  r^yal  ooUeetion,  1798-181 8.      [x.  7] 


ditK 


BOBBBT  (d,  1688X  theologian ; 
:  ediieated  at  Salamanca;  Franciscan  lec- 
at  Lommln ;  wrote  theological  traeta.  [x.  7] 


Sir  EDWABD  (1470-1641X  of 
GeUing,  Soffoik ;  sooceeiiBd  to  his  maternal  estates,  1683. 

__  [X.  7] 

QKMMMXMLLTWE,  8m  EDWABD  (1484  7-1843  ?),  of 
BUrtmni  Oastle,  Oxfordshire ;  sooceeded  to  his  estates, 
1497;  iBseper  <tf  Woodstock  Fisrk,  1608;  serred  against 
Fnaoe.  181S-14  and  1698 :  sheriff  of  Oxfordshire  and 
BaksMig,  1818;  accoeapanied  Henry  YIII  to  France, 
1880:  MJ>^  Wallingfoid,  1889;  attendant  on  Catherine 
e(  An^oa  at  Kimbolton,  16S3-6.  [x.  7] 


B,  EDWABD  (1616-1708),  author ; 
e(  Odi^^toa,  Gkneestenhire :  MJL.  St.  Edmund  Hall, 
OifM,  1641 :  tsATdkd,  1648-60  ;  LL.D.  Cambridge,  1671 ; 
BjOU  QziBfd,  1678;  totor  to  the  Doke  of  Grafton, 
109.  aad  to  PriBoe  George  of  Denmark;  pnblished 
*Aa^fim  Notttte,  or  the  Preeent  Stote  of  England.'  1669 
(aoOt  odittaii,  1708) ;  poblished  other  pamphlets  and  trans- 

[X.  8] 


a 


lTR,  Sm   JAMBS  id,   1699X  third 
d  Wickham,  Oxfoidshiie;   pobUshed  sacred 

[x.  9] 


.,  JOHN  (1666-1733),  misoclla- 
yoonger  son  of  Edward  Chamberlayne 
(1616-1708)  [q.T.]:  edncated  at  Oxford,  1686,  and  Ley- 
den,  1688 :  odMr  to  Queen  Anne  and  George  I ;  F.RJ3., 
J709 :  pnbflshsd  a  tract  on  *Coffee,  Tea,  and  Chocolate,' 
1688:  traoalated  from  Freooh,  Italian,  and  Datch  ;  oon- 
tiued  bfe  fiatfaev^  *  Pneent  Statoof  England ' ;  poblished 
'Onrtto  Dominica,*  the  Lnd*s  prayer  In  rarious  Ian- 
1718.  [X.  9] 


.,  WILLIAM  (1619-1689X  poet; 

at  Bfaaftcibaiy,  Dorset ;  pobUshed  a  play,  en- 

Vletotj,*    1668,   an   epic    poem  entitled 

1669,    and    congrmtnlatory    verses    to 

n,  166a  [X.  10] 

.,  HUGH,  the  dder  iJL  1780),  man- 

jnojector ;  ddest  eon  tA  Peter  Chamberloi 

(1601-1M8)  [q.  T.]  ;  aooooeheor  in  London ;  translated 

Boie  Maorteean'e  teat-book  of  mlftwif^.   1673 ; 

liijiii  nil,  1678 :  V.B&,  1681 ;  pobUahed  •  Manoale 


Medicnm,*  1686 :  proeeoated  for  practising  medicine  with- 
oat  qualification,  1688 ;  too  late  to  witness  the  birth  of 
the  Prince  of  Wales,  1688 ;  published  bank  scheme,  1690, 
and  plan  for  paying  doctors  out  of  the  taxes,  1694 ;  with- 
drew to  Scotland,  1699  ;  renewed  his  bank  scheme  there, 
1700  ;  published  in  favour  of  the  union,  1703 ;  withdrew 
to  Amsterdam ;  communicated  the  use  of  the  midwifery 
forceps  to  Hendrik  van  Roonhnisen.  [x.  10] 


r,  HUGH,  the  younger  (1664-1738), 
^ysician;  eldest  son  of  Hugh  Chamberloi  the  elder 
tq.  v.] ;  educated  at  Cambridge  and  Leyden ;  M.D.  Cam- 
bridge, 1689;  a  fashionable  Loudon  physicdan  and  ao- 
concheor.  [x.  18] 

GHAMBIBLEN,  PAUL  (1636-1717),  emphlc; 
second  son  of  Peter  Chamberlen  (1601-1M8)  [q.  v.]; 
accoucheur  in  London:  invented  ^Anodj-ue  Necklace,* 
an  amulet  for  children  teething  and  women  in  labour, 
recommending  it  in  pamphlets.  [x.  18] 

OHAMBSBLIK,  PETER,  the  younger  (1878-1 686% 
surgeon :  younger  brother  of  Peter  Chamberlen  the  elder 
[q.  v.] ;  bom  at  Southampton ;  surgeon  and  ao(x>ucheur 
in  London,  1600 ;  proeecnted  for  praoUsing  medicine 
without  qoaliflcatlon  ;  advocated  incorporation  of  London 
midwives,  1616.  [x.  14] 

OEAMBEBLSV,  PETER,  the  elder  id.  16S1X  toi^ 
geon ;  son  of  a  Paris  surgeon  and  protestant  refugee ;  ac- 
coucheur at  Southampton  ;  learnt  the  use  of  the  forceps 
in  midwifery  and  made  it  a  family  secret ;  came  to  Lou- 
don, 1896 ;  ooort  accoucheur ;  proeeoated  for  practising 
metUdne  without  qnaliflcation,  1618.  [x.  IS] 


,  PETEB  (1601-1683),  physician  and 
projector ;  son  of  Peter  Ohamberien  the  yoanger  [q.  v.] ; 
eduoated  at  Merchant  Taylors*  School  and  (Aimbridge ; 
M.D.  Padna,  1619 ;  used  the  midwifery  forceps,  the  ftunily 
secret:  FJI.CJ*.,  1688-49;  advocated  Incorporation  of 
London  midwives,  1684 ;  advocated  pnblic  baths,  1648 ; 
for  some  Ubm  an  anabaptist:  physician  to  Cbuies  H, 
1660 ;  published  theological  and  other  pamphlets. 

[X.  14] 
OHAMBEXIIH,  MASON  id.  1787),  portrait  painter ; 
<niginally  a  merchant's  clerk ;  exhibited  in  London,  1760- 
1787.      [X.  16] 

OHAMBSKS,  DAVID,  Lord  Obmond  (1530  7-1698), 
Scottish  yadgt ;  educated  at  Aberdeen ;  studied  theology 
and  law  in  France  and  Italy ;  parson  of  Soddy ;  chui- 
cellor  of  Ross :  lord  of  session,  with  style  ot  Lord  Ormood, 
1666 ;  partisan  of  Mary  Qoeen  of  Soots ;  privy  to  Dam- 
ley's  murder,  1567 ;  attended  Mary  Queen  of  Scots  at 
Langside,  1668 ;  attainted,  1668 :  withdrew  to  Spidn  and 
Prance;  published,  1679,  * AbbregA  des  Hlstoires  .  .  .,'a 
chronological  summary  of  European  history,  with  an 
appendix  on  Scotland ;  returned  to  Scotland,  e.  1688 ;  his 
attainder  reversed,  1684 ;  lord  of  sendon,  1686-98. 

[X.  16] 

0EAMBSX8,  EPHRAIM  (<;.  1740),  encyclopcedist ; 
apprenticed  to  a  London  map-maker;  published  his 
*  C^clopeMiia,  or  .  .  .  Dictionary  ol  Arts  and  Sdences,' 
1738  ftwo  volumes  folio);  vUdted  France;  translated 
French  scientific  treatises.  [x.  16] 

OHAXBSRB,  GEORGE  (1803-1840),  marine  painter, 
went  to  sea,  1813 ;  visited  the  Baltic  and  Mediterranean  ; 
hoose-painter  at  Whitby ;  scene-painter  in  London ;  exhi- 
bited pictures  of  naval  battles.  [x.  17] 


,  JOHN  id.  1656),  first  bishop  of  Peter- 
borough :  Benedictine  monk  at  Peterborough  ;  stodied  at 
Oxford  and  Cambridge ;  MA.  Cambridge,  1605 ;  abbojt  of 
Peterlxm>ugh,  1538;  entertained  Wolsey,  1530;  surren- 
dered Peterboroogh  Abbey  to  the  king,  1639 ;  B.D.  Cam- 
bridge, 1639 ;  king's  chaplain ;  bishop  of  Peterborough, 
1641-66.  [X.  18] 

CHAMBKRS,  JOHN(1780-1839),  topographer :  trained 
as  an  architect ;  of  ample  private  means ;  resided  at  Wor- 
cester, afterwards  at  Norwich ;  published  histories  of 
Worcestershire,  1819-30,  and  Norfolk,  1839.  [x.  19] 


I,  JOHN  CHARLES  (1 817-1874),  warden 
of  the  *  House  of  Charity ' :  eldest  son  of  John  Chambers 
(1780-1839)  [q.  v.];  educated  at  Norwich  school  and 
Emmanuel  College,  Cambridge;  M.A..  1843;  curate  of 
Sedbergfa,  Yorkshire,  1843 :  Anglican  clergyman  at  Perth, 
1846-66 :  vicar  of  St.  Mary's,  Soho,  and  warden  of  the 
*  HocMC  of  Charity,'  Soho,  1866-74 :  publisheil  sermona. 

Lx.  191] 


OHAUBEBS 


■ml    jaanullxi 
OunbrMffC.  184>n  : 
pstnaofstfalEUM: 


ISIL-M. 


..  Trinitj  Cglloge, 


piiM  :  aUiTinan  of  Lonlim,  lM(-« : 

Lonloii,  1A4S-9  ;  \mprifrmeA  for  rafialn^  to  rsco^niH  t 

OomDjonwHilth,  IMS-ll  ;  rlloi  poor.  (i.  91] 

ORAKBXSB,  ItOilBRT  (Isri-ISIt  ?),  RDmitD  sUidIIe 
pricKt:  born  in  Yorluhlrc;  at  RhutfiiB,  lfi99 ;  ftt  HDmCi 
1H3:  nafissorat  Bmu^ltM-lsn:  dial  In  Rnglinl ; 
poHljihal  itevotioiul  tracU.  [i.  91] 

OKAKBXSB,  Sir  ROBRRTdTlT-IWl),  Indian  )uag« : 
aiblbltlDiwr  of  Uiioolo  Oollogii,  IJM,  and  fEUow  d(  Onl- 
niMty  OollBtn.Oiford,  I7S1 :  B.0.I...1IM:  Vluerliin  pro- 
Iwar  of  Utr,  UiS-7T.  tiirai  at  Dr.  ^nmncl  Jabonn, 
ITM:  prtnclinl  of  Hew  Inn  Ball.  Difonl.  I7ti-imi: 
*  Jikdse  of  Uie  ftU[>Tcue  oourt  of  Ban^ntl.  1774  ;  aboweil 
gnat  WDalmeu  In  Die  trial  of  Naoomnar,  1778 :  kalKhtRl. 
nn:  chlct-JiuUm  In  Bcnnl.  17B9-n:  dlo)  Iii  Fnrln. 
Hla  coUfoUon  of  Suukril  HSS.  Ii  noir  aC  Berlin,  [i.  »] 
ROBBRT  (ISOr-lftnj,  pobUBber  uid 


M  br  Ui  ■Tndlllaai  of  EdlnbnrBb;  I  SI) 

M  and  EHoad  %  molUtiida  ot  boob  on  Be«ttlab  hiatory 
mpby.  mat  Utenitiin,  lSlt-e7:  aUbUtbed  'Cbud 

■tiRfl  of  anntion,'  IMt :   bon.  Lt^.  St.  Andron 
: ;  oomi^^d '  Book  of  Dage,^  an  aptiqnmiaii  mlKvllaur 


CnUKBXRS,  9ABINB  (I'M  t-KM),  ;«Dlt ;  I 
Ldsntenblte :  U.A.  BmidealB  Hall,  Oiford. 
io<Dal)«'dUaCFaiit,  I 


0HAHBZR8,  Sm  THOUAS  (»14-lgBI),  noorder  ol 
Lmilaii :  LL.B.  Olan  HalL  OambridgBf  IMS  ;  callel  to 
bu  at  Middle  Temple  1S40:  bmcber.  I9el  ;  IreiBDRr. 
1«J  ;  Q.O,  IMl  :  Mduoon  aericant  1817  :  raaniat  of 
dl?  of  London,  1878:  kulgtited,  1371:  llbcnl  M.F.  for 
Hertford.  1U3-7,  and  for  Uurlebotu,  ia9»-8t :  pnblUbid 
Mpl  nrltlnffL  [Soppt.  L  410] 

OBAXBXM,  Bm  WTLLUH (ITM-ITM),  arcblteot: 

_....,.. 1__.  j^  atortlMliii  1  ■TOBreareo  on 

a,  17U-4 :  Itndled  anhltoi- 


iUlnitdOUlu,17' 
Paait  Mttkd  w 


t  Enr  Oudsu,  lTtr-«;    pabllabsj 

I  --..—. — .  .Tu .  g  a»^rti  tolnlit, 

n  BUd«nlDg.  I'7t ; 


it;  arnnntlD 
d  bonbtall. 

itMnfieO!^  " 

lOlW.AI 
>By<to|»BMa,' 


onucd  bootrtall.  181> ;  Mniid  with  h 
(ftMnll«»<lB0»-lB7I)  in.  T.]  ■-  --- '■ 
hgoH  ol  W.  di  B.  Olxuiibo*,  I 


brother  Rotwrt 
neda  nultl- 


lo  llbnuy  to  Fecbla ;  r- 

[-.SJ] 
ItBDBRIOK  (17S«-18>t), 
Le  to  Bnfltand,  ITflS ;  «1d- 

..     .  .   _ M.A.  Onmbridjo,  1811: 

H.U.  x^iunbrldBie,  1A19  ;  Abulia  niedlDlne  In  Loudfni  and 
BdlDborgb  ;  [W^Bldan  to  St.  Qeorge'B  Honpltal,  Loodoo, 
ISU-IB;  u  emlnait  ooiuDlting  p^lMan;  ntlnd.  1M8. 

[X.M] 


SSST 


Sm  ALAN  (1T]*-IBM),  ja 


jeant-at-law.  17E 

of  lie  common  pi™,  1800-16.  "  [V  JOJ 

OHAXBKE,  JOHN  {1170-1M«X  phyddwi ;  Mltn  at 
UertOD  OallI«^  Oxfoid,  iva :  UJ).  lUita.  IHW :  phj- 
ileUn  to  Batty  Tit  and  Btnrjr  Till ;  u  ori^nat 
member  ot  the  OoUege  ot  Phyildani,  Ills ;  Tector  ol 
Tlcbmanb.  NorCtiwiiptanililrn  MM,  of  Onat  BowdB. 


Ldca 


i(Un«>lo,UM-lMS:i    „_ 

dEu  of  SL  Stephfli-a,  Watmlnater :  U  J).  Oif«d, 
[r.MJ 
WILLIAM    ui  (A    IMt?).   probabk 
a  biOFrapb;  ol  Biabop  Riohard  de  B1117. 

[I. Ill 
ANTHONY  (ir«-lTBO),  friend  of  Dr. 

n(  otncia]  :    ilepntj   h 


CHAMIKK,  PREDRSICK  (17ft«-lSI0>,  nofellU: 
altered  nary,  1BU»;  llenlHiaiit.  lait;  nervni,  chleflj  is 

noiek.  lS3«-il,  H  ninUniiaCli>n  of  Juwh-e  'Hani 
HUlory,'  1M7,  and  noua  of  Uairel,  IHt-tt.         [i.  II] 

OHAXFAnr,  SiH  JOHN  UNSBRWnOD  batbmak 
(193t-lSB7).    [See  BATKUA.i-ClliUT'iul.] 

OKAKFIOir.Ain'HONT (1711-1801). poet;  ednwM 
B.t  BtaD.17M,andnifoid,  irtS;  bairlits- of  tlie  KhUk 
Temple ;  M.F.  for  St.  Ofirmanii,  17M,  and  for  Uaknari, 
L7fll-8;  wrote  verw.  [i.  »] 

OHAKPIOK,  JOHN  »1I0R(}B(1B1E?'1SM1.  botaiM : 

[1847'W)  Hongkong;  bn>D4;ht  planU  lo  Bnglu^  UH 
and  eiani  tliem  to  Kbw  bnbarium :  woooded  at  Inte- 
mann,  18M;  Ueatenant-oolonel;  dls)aIScatMi.[Ln] 

CEAKFIOX,  JOSEPH  ( fl.  1703).  calUgnpba ;  popU 
o(  Obarla  Snell.  penman :  ichoolnuuiler  in  Loadim :  pdi- 
llnbed  leit-boolu  of  arlthDHitlc  and  penmaoahU,  int-tL 

OaAXPIO>r..RICHAnD(174!-17«).eenmM:iv. 
chant's  ultrk  In  BrUbH.  17et :  oommennl  mUiw  dilM. 
17S8;    manaRer  of  William  OogJtwwtliJ'a   BHltOl  iftlM 

D»ctB^  i7Bt-l :  endgrateJ  to  CaroHna.  '  [i.  M] 
OHAKPIOV,  THOHAS  (d.  IG1«>.  [Bb  Oahtios.] 
0SAKPHK7,    ASTHONT   (IIW  ?.lHt  TL  b 

TenlalUt;  bom  bi  Yortahbs ;  rtodW  af  —--— - 


odM  at  BMnvL  IIN. 
of  (he  Sortuane,  hik ; 


Braiuela,  len ;  ratnraad  to  Doou,  MM : 

EnRland  ;    nobUibed  ooatrcnnliii  IobH. 

le  agabiat  the  nJUItjr  ot  Anglbian  oidm. 

[«.«! 

ft  Loodob  lajiHi; 

-    •—    CWTbums 

[tH] 

OHAKPMEYS.   JOlfN    (d.    lUt),   lord   nujor  «t 
dndoo  ;  nUnnEt,  of  Loadou ;  loid  major,  UM :  bdgblid: 

wsLDON  finr- 

lenoee  Oollt«e,  0 
.^L.  DOTata  of  eu  r 
[arj's,  WbllechapBl.  U 


air  Hngb  WUIoDgliby^  [q.  t.1  eipeditlsa  M  Otaeow  a 
□ortb^aat  pamgo  to  ladia,  lUl:  mohad  Andw«ri: 
vMUa  the  Bnidan  ooort  at  Ifoaoair ;  lalM  bMk  (ran 
Arsbangel.  lut ;  mWted  Anhancel  and  MoMw.m*: 

OHAHOT  or   OBAWKXT,    HAtTKIOK   ti'Ml). 


0HA2n)IiBB 


826 


OfiAFMAil 


ANinS  (1740-1814).    [See  OAITOLSR.] 

,    BBNJAMIK    (1787-1786),    sorgeon : 

H?fii«*^»«*  at  Oanterbary;  wrote  on  *Inocal*- 

1767,  and  *  Apoplexies,'  178S.  [x.  38] 


ITUk 


,   BDWARD    (16«8  7-1750),   bishop    of 

1*  A     Bmmanoel  CoUoge,  OamSridge,   1698; 
trebeodaiy  of   lichfteld,   1697,  BaUBbnry, 
..  „,,iantcr,  1706;  Uahop  of    Lichfield,  1717; 
flC  Ooziiaiii,  1730-50 ;  pabUflned  sermons  and  oon- 
[X.88] 


_,     HBNBT     WILLIAM     (18S8-1889), 

.  Pembroke  Oolkge,  Oxford,  18ftS :  fellow, 

1855 :  W«ynflete  professor  ctf  moral  and 

^     philooopbr,  1867-W;  curator  of  Bodleian 

Ubaij^l884.    His  irons  indnde  Practical  Intxodactlon 
»Gink  Aooentoatioii,*  1864,  and  catalogoe  of  (1868)  and 
~    '  ~ex   to  (1878)  editions   of   AristoUe's 
Bthics.*  [SappL  L  410] 


,  JOHANNA  <18S0-1875j,  philanthropist ; 
eoUected  snbscriptions,  1856-9,  to  found  a 
koipttal  for  panOytlos  in  London.  [x.  88] 

GBAaSLn,  JOHN  (1700-1780),  apothecary :  pob- 
bbed  medlesl  tracts,  1789-6L  [x.  89] 

QBAnXLBB,  J.  W.  (tf.  1805  ?X  portrait  painter ;  ex- 
hiblled  is  T^wdnn,  1787-91 ;  remored  to  Aberdemshire, 
UOO,  aid  Hdiabaigfa ;  died  insane,  c  1805.  [x.  89] 

OUnXLKR,  MABY  (1687-1745),  writer  of  a  metrical 
*D«erip(tton  o  Bath'  (sixth  edition,  1744);  shopkeeper 
in  Bath,  170»-44.  [x.  89] 


BICHABD  {d.  1744)L  printer  and  book- 
•»»,  in  partDershto  with  Oeesar  ward  in  London. 
Toclcand  Searboroogh ,  published  '  The  History  ...  of 
te  Boose  of  Commons  .  . .'  to  1743  (fborteen  TolumesX 
174S-4 :  fUlBd;  eonmdtted  soicide.  [x.  89] 


BIOHABD  (1788-1810),  olaseical  anti- 
aod  traveller ;  edocated  at  Wincniester :  demy  of 
OoOege,  Oxfotd,  1757,  and  fellow,  1770;  M.A., 
1761;  DJX,  1778:  poblished  frs^ments  of  the  Greek 
IrMb,  1710,  and  *  Marmora  Oxoniensia,'  1763  ;  travelled, 
far  tiw  Dilettanti  Society,  in  Asia  Minor  and  Greece, 
1714-6:  pobitshed  his  resnlts  in  *  Ionian  Antiquities,' 
17«,  *  InMsrIptloiMi  AntiqusB,*  1774,  and '  Trareb,*  1775-6 : 
fksrof  Ikai  Woridham,  Hampshire,  1779,  and  of  TUe- 
hml,  Berkshire,  1800-10 ;  traveUed  in  Switzerland  and 
ItB^,178»-7;  poblished  ^Histoiyof  Hinm,'  1809;  wrote 
•The  life  of  (bishop)  Waynfiete^  (published  1811). 

[X.  40] 
BAMUBL  (169M766X  theologian; 
at  Gloobeater  and  Lqpden :  minister  of  a  presby- 
itkB  at  Feckbam,  1716 :  bookseller :  non- 
Jster  at  the  Old  Jewry,  1796-66  :  hon.  D.D. 
Maburgh ;  poblished  pamphlets  against  deism,  1785-69, 
sad  sgaittst  Boman  catboUctem,  1789-45,  as  well  as  other 
couUmetslal  tracts  and  sermons.  [x.  49] 

GHinLEE  or  OHATJiniLEB,  THOMAS  (14187- 
1410).   [See  Ohaustdlbb.] 


DUKX  OF  (1678-1744).     [See  Brtdobs, 

Jamb.] 

aSinoS,  Babokb.  [See  Bbtdors,  Sir  John,  first 
Babok,  1490  7-1556 :  BBTDOB8,  Orbt,  fifth  Bakon,  1579  ?- 
1691 ;  Bbtdgb,  Oboboe,  sixth  Baron,  d.  1655.] 


the 

KjG. 

IJI6: 


Sir  JOHN  (<i.  1870X  soldier :  present  at 

of  Chunbrai,  1887,  and  the  battteof  Crecy,  1346  ; 

1849;  saved  the  Black  Prince's  life  at  Poitiers, 

giBDted  lands  in  Lincolnshire  and  the  Oontautin  ; 

IITs  Ueotenant  in  France,  1860 :  constable  of 

1869 :  won  the  battle  of  Aun^r,  Brittany,  1864 : 

at    KaTarette,    Spain,   1867;    withdrew     from 

1868 :  recalled,  1868 :  seneMshalof  Poitiers,  1869  ; 

Us  woonds  at  Mortemer.  [x.  43] 

L  SiB  JOHN  (d.  1498X  of  Herefordshire. 

[X.44] 
,    SIR    WILLIAM    PBY    (1804-1873), 

of  the  Inner  Temple,  1897 ;  ser  jeant-at- 

1aw«  IMO:  boroo  of  the  exchequer,  1857;  knighted,  June 
U»7.  [X.  44] 

__,  SIR  FBAN0I8  LEQATT  (1781-1849X 
of  aearpcntcr;  gxocK^  boy  in  Shefildd; 


apprentice  to  a  Sheffield  wood-carrer,  1797-1809 ;  leanied 
drawing,  stone-carving,  and  painting  in  oil;  portrait 
painter  in  Sheffield,  1809,  and  continued  bis  visits  there 
till  1806 ;  resided  chiefly  in  London  from  1809,  studying 
art,  painting  portraits,  and  practising  wood-carving :  ex- 
hibited piotores  at  the  Bo]4l  Academy,  1804-7 ;  worked 
chiefly  at  statuary  from  1804 ;  exhibited  statues,  1809 ; 
paid  by  George  lY  three  hundred  guineas  for  his  bust, 
1899 ;  knighted,  1835 ;  bequeathed  his  property  to  the 
Boyal  Academy.  [x.  44] 

OHAPLXAXr,  Sir  JOSEPH  ADOLPHB  (1840-1898), 
Canadian  statesman ;  bom  at  Sainte  Th^r^N  de  Blain- 
vllle,  in  province  of  Quebec ;  called  to  bar  of  Lower 
Canada,  1861;  Q.C.,  1878;  conservative  member  for 
county  of  Terrebonne  in  provincial  parliament,  1867-89, 
and  in  Canadian  House  of  Commons,  1889-99 ;  solicitor- 
genera],  1878-4  :  premier  and  minister  of  agriculture  and 
public  works,  1879 ;  secretary  of  state  for  Canada,  regis- 
trar-general and  privy  councillor,  1889;  lieutenant- 
governor  of  Qurt)ec,  1899  ;  K.G.M.G.,  1896. 

[SuppL  I.  411] 

CHAPKAH,  EDMUND  (/.  1788X  surgeon  :  a  country 
accoucheur,  1708 ;  practitioner  In  London,  1788 ;  published 
a  treatise  on  midwifery.  [x.  47] 

CHAPKAH,  FREDERIC  (1898-1895X  pnblislier  ;  en- 
tered, 1834,  bonne  of  Chapman  A  Hall :  (Murtner,  1847,  and 
head  of  firm,  1864;  purchased  (1870)  copyright  of 
Dickens's  works,  many  of  which  the  firm  had  published ; 
projected  and  published '  Fortnightly  Review,'  1865;  pub- 
llsbei  works  for  the  Brownings,  Lord  LyUon,  TroUope, 
and  Mr.  Geoige  Meredith.  [SuppL  L  419] 

CHAPKAH,  SIR  FREDERICK  EDWARD  (1815- 
1893),  general;  edocated  at  Royal  Military  Academy, 
Wo<dwich ;  second  lieutenant,  royal  engineers,  1885 ; 
lieutenant-colonel,  1859 ;  lieutenant-general  and  cdonel- 
oommandant,  1879 ;  general,  1877 ;  made  survey  for  de- 
fences of  Dardanelles,  1854 ;  directed  operations  during 
latter  part  of  siege  of  Bebastopol ;  C.B.,  1855 ;  K.C.B., 
1867 ;  governor  and  commandor-ln-chief  of  Bermudas, 
1867-70 ;  inspector-general  of  fortifications  and  director 
of  works  at  war  office,  1870-5 ;  G.C.B.,  1877. 

[Suppl.  L  418] 

CHAPKAH,  GEORGE  (15597-1684),  poet;  nothing 
known  of  his  education:  published  *The  Shadow  of 
Night '  (hymnsX  1594,  and '  Ouid's  Banquet  of  Sence  *  and 
other  poems,  1595;  completed  Marlowe's  *Hero  and 
Leander,'  1598 :  sakl  to  have  been  imprisoned  for  satirising 
James  Ts  Scottish  followers,  1605 :  mentioned  by  the 
poet  John  Da  vies  of  Hereford  as  having  Uved  In  his  later 
days  In  straitened  circumstances  ;  ooutrlbuted  to  plays  by 
Ben  Jonson  and  Shirley.  Chapman's  first  knovm  play, 
*  The  Blind  Beggar  of  Alexandria,'  appeared  1696,  and  was 
printed  in  1698 ;  the  comedies '  All  Fools  *  (printed  1605) 
and  *  An  Homerous  dayes  Myrth '  belong  to  1699,  as  also 
other  plays  now  lost  The  bulk  of  bis  dramas  appeared 
between  1606  and  1619.  Chapman  published  a  specimen 
of  his  rhyming  fourteen-syllable  version  of  the  *  Iliad'  in 
1598,  and  the  whole  '  niad '  in  1611,  adding  the  *  Odyssey ' 
(rhyming  ten-syllable)  in  1614,  and  the  hymns  &c.  In 
1694.  Translations  by  him  from  Petrarch  appeared  in 
1619,  from  Mnsnus  In  1616,  Heelod's  *Georglcks  *  In  1618, 
and  a  satire  of  Juvenal  in  1699.  He  wrote  abio  copies  of 
verses  for  hU  friends'  books,  court  poems,  and  a  masque 
(1614).    His  collected  works  appeared  In  1878-5.  [x.  47] 

CHAPKAH,  GEOBGB  (1793-1806),  author  of  tracts 
on  education ;  M.A.  Aberdeen,  1741,  and  LL.D. ;  taught 
school  in  Dalkeith,  1747,  Dumfries,  1751-74,  and  Banff  ; 
was  afterwards  a  printer  in  Edinburgh.  [x.  53] 

CHAPKAH,  HENRY  SAMUEL  (1808-1881 X  colonial 
judge ;  emigrated  to  Canada,  1893 ;  newspaper  editor  In 
Montreal,  1833-4 ;  barrister  of  the  Middle  Temple,  1840 : 
judge  in  New  Zeabmd,  1843-59  ;  barrister  and  member  of 
the  legislature  at  Melbourne,  1854-65:  judge  in  New 
ZeaUnd,  1865-77 ;  died  at  Dunedin ;  wrote  on  legal  and 
economical  topics.  [x*  54] 

CHAPKAH,  JOHN  (1704-1784),  divine ;  educated  at 
Eton  ;  fellow  of  King's  College,  Cambridge ;  M.A.,  1781 ; 
D.D.  Oxford,  1741 ,  rector  of  Smeeth,  Kent,  1789,  and  of 
Saltwood,  1739-41,  and  of  Mersham,  1744  :  archdeacon  of 
Su(U)ury  ;  presented  himself  to  the  preoeutomhip  of  Lin- 
o(dn,  but  was  ejected,  1760 ;  wrote  on  classical  anUquities 
and  controversial  divinity.  [x.  54] 

Q 


OHAPMAK 


OHAFKAV,  JOBS  (l 


K,  JOBS  MMl-lUI),  poUUal  writer :  bnl 
«  mt  Loo^borgagti,  LetvaWAblrv ;  loined 
bapCtiU,  181} ;  DpoHd  fwltDry  li>r  ■nlnulna  nuolilnary, 
l«ili  fiilid  is  buslnca,  18M :  wltbdm  to  LondDn: 
edltsl  tin  >  Uectauils't  Mugiirine ' ;  patoilal  Impran- 
nwDtA  DO  tbe  tutuHU  vb,  IBU :  wrota  miiah  for  the 
newIHpan;  prcislal  nllmj  >od  IrrigMiOD  wbciDa  Id 
Indlii ;  pubUibid  Benml  tmClMa  <n  iDdiw  buna  ud 
•dmloUtnUcn.  [i.  H) 

OHAPKAX,  JOBS  (1M3-1SM),  phrddui,  ntbor 
■nd  pabHiber :  (iipraiHoHl  u  wiUbmakcir  at  Worktop, 

PlTli  ud  U  BL.  OKVge'i  Hiaptui,  LondsD ;  pabUrtHr 
■nd  bookBdlerlnLoadaii :  edlks  Mil  proprlator  ol  ■  Wat- 
minito  HfiVlnf-'  IBftl-  ffmliHted  In  nwUciiM  mt  Ht.  An* 

dnwi,  IMT, , ,_, _ 

ud  oUkt  werka.  [BuppL  L  111) 

OHAFHAK,  MAS!  FRAN013  (ISIB-lBSI).noTdlgt; 
publltba]  '  Mar;  Berlruid.'  lUS.  uid  oOkt  nordt,  iindBr 
Itie  Heudanym  J.  O.Xyrttm,  Hut  iutt  noTtl,  'Tdb  Gift 
of  (£e  Oodi '  (1679),  ipinnl  UDdo  ha  own  Dune. 

N  REMNANT  (1776-1861). 


■■     I.  THOMAS  {IJIT-IIM).  1 

lowatObTUl'>Dolleee,Ouiibildge:  mutaol  Hudalent 
Collne,  Ounbrtdgc,  ITM :  D.D,,  17W :  nctor  ol  Ktrkbj- 
oTV'Blow,  XDrlmbln,  1748 :  pftiatitiy  of  Diufaun, 
1760 :  pnbUtlud  ■  olmial  tnct.  [i.  6?) 

CHATMAlf,  WALTER  (1(7I?-1«3«7).     [S(E  Chip- 

OBAPXajt,   WILLIAU  (1748-18I3). 
BtrncUad  ouuli  in  IxEUnd,  and  docl 
ScoLbod ;  wrot«  on  canal  aavi^Uoa , 

[■-  »'l 

OHAPOHX,     HKSTBR    (17S7-1KI1).    «BTiit:     w 

l[Qlio:maiTled(1760)(ii»Oliapoi»ri<.  17B1), 

friHDd of  Samocl  Hiobardion:  publuk''  — 

irw-S,  and  eaaji,  177S-7,     Set  ■'  

bomiMi  Work! '  appeared  in  liOT.  [i-M] 

ORAPFSLI,  WILLIAU  (1U1-IM9),  bldiopot  Ootk ; 
of  Ohrlil'a  CoUege,  OnabridgE,  '■"■  '-" —  '-"'■  •— 
" " —  OtJobi 


OHAHUiS  I 


CHAFPLB,     WILUAM    (ITI»-17SI>,    b 
Bdf-taaght;    turreyoT'i   clerk  In  K:    ' 
Ateward  to  the  Ooarteoaj  rami]7 ;  c 
of  Bimoor  dialect,  17M ;  projected  resenHDD  M  Bladoit 
■SurveyofDeyon'CparlJjprinled,  17B»).  [t  M] 

OHAXn,  OBORQE  WILUAU(ir»>VlM(X0(mB- 
Iflt :  cljoriflteT  of  Bt.  Paul'i,  Idodon  ;  laj^dlsk  of  wift- 
obe«<r  Oatbcdml.  1787 :  organlit  vl  mnobealD  Oalto- 
I  dnO,  t8M-tS,  and  of  Wloobeatct  OoU«c,  18U-4S ;  Mik 
I  Doc  OambrMg^  1811.  t*-  •*} 

I       OHASS,  JOHN  BOUaS   XEBBIOTT  {1M7-U*T), 
I  hera of  Rorfn'i Drift:  educated  at  Bo/al  BHHtHy  Aca- 
myal    aetntnt,   Itf- 
d,  1817:  mred  In  S 


[SdpjiL 
.  .  JOHN  (iU*-1711),  twvrilv;  botB 
in  Farlg;  a nnltb;  jeweller:  tranikd  ai  a  jawd  nar- 
obutthcmigli  Tu^;to  Porria  and  lDdk,l«M-70aDi 
lUl--?:  publitbal  ooCca  it  Ut  Crarda,  U71,  l«ai^  and 
iru :  pTDtntanC  refugee.  1M1 :  Jeweler  lo  U»  Bb^A 
ODUrt ;  kidghted.  IIRI :  F,R£,  ISBt ;  enioj  to  Holland, 
ieS4  :  hi>  blMical  illiutralt(jB>  Inoorpurattd  In  ItMOBt 
Haraier'i '  OiMomtloni  on     .  .  Soripinre,'  1778. 

OEAUMV,  dKARLDOV,  or  OKAXLTOi:  JOHN 
(il.lWl},blit»pol  Down  and  OouDor;  toUowa^  EieiK 
CMl^  Offotd,  1686-8:  M.A.  1679;  wrlionlBiMtdr  at 
WoTkBp,  NDtIin«hanuhlra.  ItTl :  Ttcar  of  Heavltn^ 

'—- '—   of  Yonghal    Ooll^    im;    — "-• -^ 


«>;    nib 


«J 


DHABZX,   CHABLOmt  (il.  IIMQ,  ad 

writer ;  ^onunat  daughter  ol  OdOtr  OmbeT  (a.  t.]: 

■miuM  bernli  vtttb  muoallu*  pnmlla ;  marrlad  tUelmm 


I,   WILLIAM    aUt-UO)  T).  prloc   ol 

■  '  -'——  ■  oompUed  raH-nlT and  ohw 
[tW] 


_.!,  cSbBj  In' iSh 

.  afterward!  on^i^ed  at  pnnt«b(rn 

tlMatn* :  aMempted  tnananment  ol  fiajinaiW 
-  "■-'--•an  autoMograplir,  17ti;  wni* 


46:publlihedac 


plays  and  norela. 


[I.MJ 


I :  imprisDoed  at     ??f  *' 


William  Land ;  dean  ot  Oadiel,  ISU :  nronxt  of  Trinity 
Oollege,  DnbUn,  1817-40 ;  trauiirer  ot  St.  Fatilck'e,  Dub- 
lin, 1838-8;  bllbopof  Oorkand  Rose,  leJS;  it--' '  -' 

Dublin,  18tl,BDd  at  Tenby,  Fembrokedhire, 

dnw  to  NotOngbanuhlre.  [i.  6«1 

OH&nZLL,  WILLIAM  |l§og-]H88).  mnilcal  aotl- 
qnarr ;  raana^M,  1834-43.  mualc  piihJinblng  biuinsB,  (k  i 
wblch  bii  fattier,  SamDel  Otiappcll  (d.  18MX  bad  beooiH 
sole  parliier.  IHSt;   pobliilKd  'Collection  of   NaUooal 

Pvor  Society  and  Uuiical  Aotlquarian  Bodety;  joined  i 

Kbifiliing  bnainnfl  of  Orminer  it  Ofr,  1846 ;  ratUvd, 
II :  Tloe-preaklent  of  Musical  Aiaoolatlni,  1874.  Hii 
worki  Inelndethe  Bnt  voisnu  of  a  'Hiatory  of  Music,' 
1874.  [Boppl.  I.  411] 

OHAFFILOW.  LEONARD  (1883-1788).  orientaUat: 


held  dlanalatlan  wllta  Campion  In  tbe  Tcnnr:  nnmtm 
to  Linooln'i  Inn,  lMl-81.  ^(7] 

OBAHJ.nOMT,    ant  Babl  or  (t7»-17WX     [0* 

OAVUfTlLD,  JAUBB.] 

aHASUVORT,  TiBcoinrm  of.  [Bee  Oauuhui, 
WiLUAH.  Brat  TncouxT.  d.  1671 :  Oivuntaji,  WiLUia, 
•eoond  Tiaconirr.  d.  1790 ;  Oadudld,  Jaiob,  tsoitt 
ViaooDHT,  17M-178*.] 

[OVT,     Baronb.     [Bee  Oidi-veiu),    Bb 
-     ^  1*86-1 8t7  ^Dumui.  Itaai.  tkUd 


:  0<kijLivii.D,  wiu 


OHASLXB  I  (1800-1848),  Ungot  Oinrt  Britain  isd 


OHAPPLZ,  BAMUBL  (1773-1833).  orraniit:  Iwl  bia 
right  hrfore  1788 :  leunHd  raualo  at  Bieter ;  organlf  t  at 
Alllbnrtan(}barcb,  ITH-iesi;  pobiiihtdmualc,  [i.6t] 


i  the  Ung-B 


,  DnkeofYark.ia08:a>ioUyoblldj 

'  tiatdon   for   bia  marriiige 

Franoe  broken  olT,  1818 ;  iihv 
I  oat  lUrU  of  Bpaln  formaily 
I  1018;  wentto  lO'^d  to  urge 


dUir  Oe  Idi^ioat  dlOlRJ^  to- 
toPrincan  Henrietta  Mukil 
e  and  bia  bths  pMglH  tta- 
I  Bngliab  oatlKiaoi;  nooaririi 
1836 :  married  bj  proirT,  Hh; 
iterbury,  June  1(18 :  rdwdV 


Ingham,  auppllaa  equal  lo 


917 


OTTAKTiT^S  H 


tte  toWMiifce  atUy  plnngtd;  to  hdp  the  Elector 
aquippad  by  lii>  penonal  credit  an  English  forae 
be  placed  ik  eomaand  of  the  German  adventonr, 
Maneiitirl,  im ;  jpromieed  a  eobeidy  to  OhrU- 
IV  of  Denmark  to  maJEe  war  on  the  Ocrman  catho* 


loKln 
tnm  tbe 


taOr. 


bat  waa  onable  to  pay,  Ohrlstian  being  ■nbae* 
aoted  (Angnet  16S6):  enabled  by  the  help  of 
pawning  ua  orown  jewela  to  flt  oat  an  expedi- 
Oadia,  wlifeh  miaexably  failed,  October  16S6 : 
eaeond  fleet,  obtidaed  by  levying  ships 
sent  an  expedition  to  raUere 
o<  BoobeUa,  which  (iaS7)  failed  shame- 
being  oandoded  with  France,  1699,  and  with 
Spain,  lOO;  oat  of  touch  with  Ibiglish  sentiment,  which  as 
~       ~  fai  tha  booses  of  parMament  was  in  respect  of 
hrimingly  Oahrinistio,  and  in  respect  of 
antl-Bomanist ;    rqMdlated    the  pro-Romanist 
of  hia  marriage  treaty,  16i6,  bat  was  reasonably 
ef  faTDorlng  catholios;  promoted  Arminian 
d^BF*  And  usafeuiedpariiamBnt  from  prosecuting  them. 
Ml;  forbade  praadiuig  in  favour  of  (^viuist  dogmas, 
lUt ;  bod  reoooxse  to  extraordinaiy  expedients  for  ob- 
tdaing  sapplieB,  e»anting  forced  loans,  and  removing 
the  jnigea  who  diasented  from  his  measures ;  involved 
bf  Us  foreign,  domestic,  and  eodesiastical  policy   in 
^ureb  wttli   nia  parliaments;    Us   first  parliament, 
vUeh  flBBt,  Jane  1691,  disstdved  in  August,  in  couseqoeuce 
of  lis  aitarira  on  BaoUngham  and  the  king's  Boman 
;  disBolved  in  June  1696,  alter  a  four 
bSs  second  parliament,  which,  in  spite 
of  the  devloes  of  making  the   king's  chief  opponents 
telffs  and  impdaanlng  others,  pressed  charges  against 
HsfkiagtMsn ;  ngnad  the  statement  of  grievances  which 
M»  tfainl  parliament,  led  by  Sir  Thomas  Wentworth, 
abodtted  (the  'petition  of  right'),  June  1638;  op- 
pond  by  Oomnons  for  his  levy  of  taxes  without  parlia- 
amtsiy  grant,  and  his  eoclesiastical  policy ;  dissolved 
polisBimt,  10  Mardi  1699 :  governed  without  parliament 
far  deren  years ;    levied  tonnage  and  poundage,  1699 ; 
essetod  fines  for  not  taking  up  knighthood,  1680,  and  for 
wnadiing  on  floreet  Un& ;  raised  mon^  by  granting 
aonopoHes,  and  bydemanding  ship*mon^  from  the  sea- 
poits,  16S4,  and  from  the  inland  oonnties,  1685 ;  showed 
■siked  fsvoar  to  the  papal  envoys  at  the  queen's  court, 
iCM>7 :  supported  Land  in  his  severe  measures  to  enforce 
Anniaiaa  doctrine  and  church  ceremonies  on  the  puritan 
putj  in  the  duuch,  1688-7 ;  obtained  verdict  in  the 
^ip-money  caae  ualnst  John   Hampden,    1688;   was 
oovBed  in  Sootlaod,  18  June  1638,  giving  olfence  by  the 
cpiseopal  ceremonial  he  required ;  caused  great  irritation 
tr  s  fmitlees  order  to  Scottish  ministers  to  use  the  sor- 
pfiee:  riots  in  Edinburgh  caused  by  bis  attempt  (1687)  to 
vkme  the  use  of  a  Utar^,  drawn  up  under  Laud'd  in- 
tamoe ;  aifrouled  bj  the  signing  of  the  *  national  oove- 
ttBt,'  1688,  and  the  abolition  of  ei^scopacy  by  the  gme- 
nl  ■■cmMy  at  Glasgow,  November   1688:   collected 
tn)0|is,  and  invaded  Scotland,  May  1689 ;  compelled  by 
^nat  d  fbndu  to  sign  the  treaty  of  Berwick,  1689 ;  sum- 
noDsd  parliament  (April  1640),  hoping  to  obtain  supolies 
te  reoewing  war  wuh  Scotland ;   dissolved  it,  6  May 
iMQ,on  its  demanding,  under  leadership  of  John  Fym, 
n<iress  of  grievances;   dated  by  Straiford's  sncc^a  in 
nWng  en  army  in  Irdand ;  lost  Newcastle  and  Durham, 
vUch  were  ooeunied  by  the  Scots,  wlra  on  the  invitation 
of  parliamfmt  bad  oroased  the  Tweed,  1640 ;  advised,  by  a 
oDaacD  of  peers  convoked  at  York,  to  negotiate  with  the 
Soots  and  summon  parliament,  94  Sept.  1640  :  defied  by 
Uk  Long  parliament  which  met,  8  Nov.  1640,  and  at 
•aee  attacked  StrafFord  and  Land ;  plotted  to  save  Straf- 
iMd,  bot  IkaaUj  soaented  to  his  execution.  Hay  1641,  and 
pladgcd  bimadf  not  to  dissolve  this  parliament  except  by 
indirectly  caused  the  ftnmation  of  two 
in  the  Oommons,  a  party  in  favour  of  moderate 
fpiecoyswTF,   and  an  extecme   party  which  desired  to 
aboliih  bKbopa  and  the  prayer-book ;  went  to  Scotland, 
■nppuet  against  the  extremists,  August  1641 ; 
by  a  plot  formal  aniong  hlg>  courtiers  to 
the  Scottish  leaders  (*the  Incident');  appealed 
isr  briptothe  Irish  cathoUo  peers,  and  was  in  cooflequenoe 
geacfaDy  snppoeod  privy  to  the  Ulster  massaorep,  October 
1641 :  -mil  raoeived  by  London  on  his  return,  November 
l«fl ;  imolvad  to  reswt  the  parliament's  denumds  for  a 
rwpnaalbh  ministry  and  church  rsfbrm  ;  tried  to  seise 
*  tM  fiva  moaUMrs*  in  the  Boom  of  Commons,  4  Jan. 
1M9;  IsftWUtehaUtoooilecttioopainthenorthflOJaa. 
1649;  diBland  war  at  NotttafbaBi,  99  Aug.  1649;  pushed 


aside  the  parliamentary  army  at  iMg^htiit  98  Oct.. 
advanced  as  far  as  Brentford,  November,  bot  withdzew  to 
winter  in  Oxford ;  formed  plan,  1648,  for  Uoptoa  to  ad- 
vance on  London  from  the  we«t,  Newcastle  through  the 
eastern  counties,  and  Oharles  himself  fnmi  Beading; 
baulked;  carried  on  fruitless  negotiations  during  tlbe 
winter ;  entertaineddesigu,  1644,  of  operating  from  Oxford 
and  attacking  the  parliamentary  army  in  detail,  a  design 
which  came  to  nothing  through  Rapert*s  defeat  at  Mar- 
stoa  Moor  (9  July) ;  condncted  fruitloss  negotiations  at 
Uxbridge,  January-February,  1646  ;  vainly  tried  to  obtain 
large  fecoies  from  Irdand  and  from  Lorraine ;  <dieered  by 
Montroae's  success  in  the  highlands,  September  1644- 
Febmary  1645 ;  his  main  army  crushed  at  Naseby,  14  June 
1646 ;  again  sought  help  from  Ireland  and  France ;  left  Ox- 
ford ;  surrendered  to  the  Scots  at  Newark,  6  May  1646,  and 
was  conducted  to  Newcastle,  18  May ;  tried  to  negc^te 
separately  with  the  Soots  and  with  parliament,  parlia- 
ment meanwhile  coming  to  terms  with  the  Scots ;  taken 
by  parliamentary  commissionerB  to  Holmby  House, 
January  1647 ;  tried  to  get  terms  from  parliunent,  un- 
favourable to  the  army;  taken  in  ohaige  by  Joyce's 
troopers,  4  June,  and  conducted  to  Hampton  Court, 
94  Aug.,  while  the  army  occupied  London ;  escaped  to 
the  Isle  of  Wight,  16  Nov.  1647,  having  offended  parlia- 
ment by  dallying  with  the  army  proposals,  but  was  there 
kept  in  custody  by  Odouel  Hammond  ;  refused  his  assent 
to  fresh  proposals  of  paiilament,  December  1647 ;  made  a 
secret  treaty  with  the  Soots  by  which  he  accepted  presby- 
terianism  and  obtained  promise  of  a  Soots  army :  cava- 
lier risings  in  his  favour  crushed  before  September  1648 ; 
negotiated  with  parliamentary  conmiissioneni  at  New- 
port, September-October  1648;  his  death  4*P!yfi*^*^  by 
the  army  in  November ;  taken  to  Hunt  Castle,  1  Deo.,  to 
Wbidsor,  98  Dec.  1648,  and  to  St  James's,  London, 
19  Jan.  1649,  all  who  favoured  him  in  parliament  having 
t)een  excluded  by  the  army  leaders  (* Pride's  purge'), 
6  Dec.  1648 ;  refused  to  plead  before  the  court  which  the 
Commons  constituted  for  his  trial,  90  Jan. ;  condemned, 
97  Jan.,  and  executed,  80  Jan.  1649.  [x.  67] 

0HASLI8  n  (1680-1686X  king  of  Oreat  Britain  and 
Ireland ;  second  son  of  Charies  I  and  Henrietta  Maria ; 
bom  at  St.  James's,  London ;  given  an  establishment  as 
Prince  of  Wales,  1688;  took  his  seat  \n  the  House  of 
Lords,  1640:  joined  Charles  I  at  York,  March  1649; 
present  at  Edgehill ;  resided  in  Oxford,  October  1649  to 
Maroh  1646,  and  at  Bristol,  March  to  April  1646;  at 
Barnstaple,  Jane ;  withdrew  to  Cornwall,  July ;  tried  to 
hold  Dev<m  and  Cornwall  against  Fairfax ;  at  Falmonth, 
February  1646  ;  withdrew  to  Soilly,  Maroh,  and  to  Jersey, 
April ;  at  Paris,  July  1646 ;  went  to  Helvoeteluys,  July 
1648 ;  made  a  descent  on  the  shipping  at  Thames  month ; 
tried  to  avert  Charles  I's  execution,  January  1649  ;  pro- 
claimed king  In  Edinburgh,  5  Feb.,  and  in  Ireland ;  re- 
turned to  Paris ;  went  to  Jersey,  1649 ;  withdrew  to  Breda, 
1650 ;  accepted  the  covenant  aivl  the  terms  of  the  Scottish 
commissioners,  Maroh ;  reached  Cromarty  Frith,  and  took 
up  his  reskienoe  at  Falkland  Palace,  Fife,  June  1650 ;  prac- 
tically a  prisoner  in  the  hands  of  Argyll  and  the  presbyte- 
rian  party ;  secretly  negotiated  with  the  English  catholics : 
defeated  at  Dunbar,  8  Sept.  1650 ;  tried  to  escape  from 
Argyll  to  jobi  Huntly(*  The  Start');  crowned  at  Scone, 
1  Jan.  1651,  acoepting  the  covenant ;  at  Stirling,  April ; 
marohed  soothi»'ards,  1651 ;  rooted  at  Worcester,  8  Sept. 
1651 ;  dismissed  all  his  followers,  except  Wilmot ;  reached 
Fecamp,  Normandy,  1651 :  resided  in  poverty  at  Parii^ 
October  1661-June  1654 ;  withdrew  to  Cologne ;  went  ta 
Midddburg,  March  1655,  to  wait  the  issue  of  a  cavalier 
rising ;  removed  his  court  to  Bruges,  1656  :  dissoluteness 
of  his  court  much  spoken  of ;  formally  excluded  from  the 
succession  by  act  of  parliament,  November  1666  ;  offered 
to  raise  English  troops  for  theSpauiah  service  in  Flanders  ; 
removed  his  court  to  Bruswls,  February  1658 :  withdrew 
to  Breda,  August :  returned  to  BruAsels,  September  1658 ; 
went  to  Brittany,  to  wait  the  i^sue  of  a  cavalio-  risiu^r, 
August  1659 :  followed  Mazarin  to  Spain  to  ask  French 
and  Spanish  help ;  returned  to  Broiisels,  December  1669 ; 
negotiated  with  the  English  presbyterians  and  with 
Monok  ;  went  to  Breda,  and  issued  hi^  declaration  there, 
4  A|nil  1660;  proclaimed  king  in  London;  lauded  at 
Dover,  96  May;  entered  London,  29  May;  urged  the 
House  of  Lords  to  pass  Act  of  Indemnity;  issued  a 
decUmtion  for  the  settlement  of  Ireland,  30  Nov.  1660 ; 
dioBOlved  the  Convention  parliament,  29  Dec.  1660,  which 
had  settled  on  him  l^fiWl,  a  year ;  accepted  by  tha 

a2 


OHABXiES  I 

CtttttUh  pfttlltllM&t.  tfttl;  threatoicrl bj  Vimns's  plot; 
FutmaUy  CTDwne^  n  ApKl  Im  ;  Dumid,  M  UaJ  Hat, 
Ottbciiiu  of  Bm^viu  [i|.  t.]>  "xl  ■<>  Insme  plalgal  Co 
■Dpp<M  PortogKl  af(Atiub  Spitio  ;  coldlj  iupporKd  U» 
kilminlitnUon  oC  OluEDdon,  lWt-1 :  •imH  at  HKUrlnfl 
tolenUai  [otBsgUA  MUH)lioa,bii(  therATDuUanillsl 
the  jaloiuf  Id  niUunoit  ud  Ibg  temiOtt  of  Uh  Ast 
•HCnUgnidq'.HvlHI:  w«  Om  tonaa  tojMUeblt 
fmmiau  to  11k  p»bjtajui  partj  modi  Id  hit  icismii 
SkIusUix^  AstU  mud  OcMbsr  ItlO:  Uh  wnn  Osn- 
TOtlolE  Ast,  iwi,  ud  tlH  rlTe-mUs  As^  lOU,  bnngtit 
no  bj  hii  SntanUan  dI  lodHlgaicB,  IHl :  ooeIsdUiI  to 


nutlTlnB  n  luw  nt 
DnDUrk  tad  Uaniyi 

OcdndDg  mir  on  tin — 

butud  KB,  Jum,  DnkE  ol  IbnuiKHlh.  loU ; 
to  BcUibmr,  to  inid  Itu  plagnB.  July  IBM,  and  to  Oi- 
lord,  Boptaobv.  Tfltarning  to  London,  Juiury  1046; 
■bDindaD  wonted  imigj  on  DooHknot  tbeBn  ioLondDa. 
GoplaabBr  ItM :  b««d  by  uewu  of  tbe  Dntsh  wu 
te  obtain  the  itadthcAdnhip  for  hla  Dgpbiiw,  WUliam  ot 
OnngE,  but  tlw  Dntob  BertdstnyBl  tfa*  dilpplng  In  Uh 
MedMfty  (Jniic  16«T},  ud  Otairtai  wu  tonal  Cooooal-'- 
pHoc,  July  laeT  ;  U»  Ung  pnf    ' 

condnotfld  atontij    the  moit 

thoOBh  tb*  DHlad  <lMr-I«)  D   oaMuillv  that  of  ifas 

^— oy  ol  BnnMnghtin,  iuUnfftoo,  ud  ' 


nTTATtT.TRTmJ 


1,  THantatm  lul 


^ofdvhw 


nortnd  luBi  nbiridlB  Enmi  LoBb  ZIT,  proml^ng  in 
ntotn  to  bnar  Fmah  dMlgu  on  Um  HMhcrludf  uid 

kllluco  iritli  SwtdOD  ud  HoUnad,  Jionuy  UCS,  In  aiimc 
to  laroe  Loolt'i  tund :  oonslated  witb  Lonli  the  ahune- 
lul  gBnt  tmCy  of  Donr,  W IITO :  hl»  Dednntlon  of 
Inddlueoce  in  fHroar  of  Kty^*^  oaUiaUoi,  Uaroh  1071, 
GBncdJel.  ovioff  to  puiluuoitBry  ai^tetlofi,  Muoh  1A73, 
■od  f dUowhI  bf  Ok  ThI  Act ;  fDna)  by  popsliir  diaooo- 
tcnt  to  clD«  the  Dutch  vufbeson  UircB  [«»),  Fcbmiiry 
1B7i;    itopptf  p^montd   by  tin  oxoheqiler,  Jkuout 

dlnoled  lonlsn  policy,  though  Diin)>y  wu  uomln^Iy 

tnaty  not  to  oppoae  Lools  XfV. 

todloE  HiliigC  Fnuus  * 

PrinoewllKy  i  -  ■"■ 


In  psrwoatig 

qmsdlMU 
iby ;  TnoBtAl 
uuto,  m  ord 


mi  by  populj 

m  ot  Onnn  Korembpr  1A71 

ittna4irilliLaali,lini  Rin 


.  bj  tbe  pntoidad  'poplih 

, g  tilnmrif  with  proteoUn; 

d  pnriUmcnt,  Juouy  Itn,  to  etileld 
daeknd  tlie  Doks  of  Ifsomoatli  UJ*- 
to  IdU  Uh  utt-oodrt  puVi  IbI  *>I 

LoavHtiimilonDanUHciiolailoa 

>(  Juki,  dnka  of  York,  bKi  Uh  iooB^rion ;  oidBnd  th> 
Suki  of  York  to  withdn*  from  BnaUod.  ud  oSoid  to 
uoepl  ■  pntatant  ngceoy ;  dliiolnl  pariliuiuiBt,  Jnly 
iWa  ud  Juwy  ICU.  ud  Uh  Oxford  puUumt,  VmSi 
kUl,  vhhili  TtolMitty  oppoHd  hb  titmU ;  mnnly  mund 


dcfalod  WkWiBf  At  l^ilMrk,  1 
lud  iCOuiloden,  Uti :  tagM' 


Angiut  ntt :  imturled  liie  aluidud  it  Olmami 
EdlDbuT^h.  and  delcstsJ  Cope    at  PnEton 

.._^  rt__,,.,.  ...  r*._l._.  -Jtrfljf^         fl         ijgp^         ll*«i 

;  oruBbed  bv  Coiobtf- 

,  _  _.,_..„ tbebL^klMidi  ;eocapod 

toFaBoe,lT4a:  ntptOtid  from  rnuita^  17t8:  itlkaBtod 

iL_  ,.__^,-._^_  . , — ^ij^  — ftw*«ff  t^T  ■HHTmtl 

nvloo.l'W.li'U.lTU- 

Bute,  17H:   tlMu  t—    — ■'-* 

Reino:  paubneilby  Pnaooio 

nri:  imuiilcd  from  her,  U 
died  St  BoDiF. 

OBABJ^EB,  DAVID  |17et-lH}4),  v 


I),  metbndlBt :  eo-feoDda 


1  Ctdlegc,  1337:    i^dpd 


Una.  ELIZABETH  (Ut6-1SMX  ni 

«  Bondla ;  bcgu  early  to  write,  and  attn^ad 
tloQ  of  Jams  Anthony  Fndde  ud  Tautrtmi ;  m 

lMl,Aivln«PitaBOharlei,wtaiwlMindeiBwl*i.  _. 
JoorneyH  In  tbe  Baal.    Her  worki  Inolide  'Take  m 


itbic  ot  -TlK 


OHASUB,  JOSEPH  (171»-17«),  i 
Dlipenion  nt  the  Urn  al  Bibcl.'  a  tncl  a 
TlCBT  ol  WlghloD,  Norfolk,  17W-M. 


KIOHOLAS  (d.  ISll), 
;  LiDcvter  bmld.  Iwa ; 
mt4ii|tTloij«hire,  ltil3 ;  bla 


OHABUeaWOaTH,    EDWAHD    PAaKEB  '  IlTtt- 
""■  '■  ....       -  -.    pl,jj^l„. 


1BU>,  pbyalGlan ;  appraatloed  to 


t  Unoohi :    TiilliB( 
""■  ""  Ci-lU] 

.. JOBS     (17M-iaMV    dlTtae; 

BJ).Qoeau'Oalla(T.0sipb[1deciniG:  rector  of  PlowMh 
aaQolk,  1811-41:  rector  of  St.  Ulldnd'E,  LcodKi.  lM4-tt. 

ORABLSBWOBTB,    MARIA  LOUISA  (UI>-lBil)k 

eutlior :  ilaiuibter  of  John  GbArldworth  [q.  tJ  ;  vMlor 
In  her  lilhn't  puisben :  retired  to  HuMdd,  Buhq,  IBH : 
publldbed  religious  tales  ud  dcToUonal  Enota,  lS«C-ge. 
[t-lU] 

OSABUTOir.    [BoealsoOHABLTOK.] 

ORASLBtOH,  BlCB(tno-17MX  phyildu  ;  mlaid 
Queen's  Oollntf,  Oilonl,lT«:  M^„1747:  M.D..  1W7; 
motlKd  msUalue  at  Bath ;  phystdu  lo  Bath  Uoml 
BoapltsI,  ITOZ-Sl :  pabllsbod  Inet«  ou  tlie  BaUi  watn, 
17W-71.  [I.  lU] 

OHASLETOK.  RDBCItT  11800-187:),  qoakB- :  pfai 
DUDutscturer  at  Brltitol.  1B33'6?^  became  a  qiialvr; 
kdvoaled  totnl  abstJjieDce ;  our  of  Ibe  peooo  denuutiDa 
lo  the  Our  Nichols'.  IBM  :  a  yusker  preacher  Li  Bu«laiid 
lubllihol  theological  tir-'- 


ind  ireUuid,  IB       . „_._. 

[■.  1] 

OBASUTOH,    WALTER    (161»-lTon,   Jbi^i 

uUreil    Magilaleu   Ball.  OifanL  ISSA:  U.U..   b*   k 


lit] 


OHABLETT 


utlqiuulu  inoC*,  lUO- 
m '  (IMIX  to  proTt  IMt 

I  I     II  III  iiij  iiii  m  ti.  lit] 

OKAMLKn,  ABTHUB  (ItU-irnh  mutai  of  Unl- 
nntVOoIIWi,Ox(o>d:  oitowl  TrlnlQ  Oc•U«8^  OKoid, 
— --  -  ■,  ISTl:  Mknr,  IMO  i  UtnlU  la  Bootluid 
— —-   --'•-—-  ■  UBoiDglal  taot,  1«M, 

mHtw  at  Uainattj  (M- 

rf  OuSu  IMS :  mtor  of  BimblKICB,  "     '-'- -'^ — 

—  —    "-— — -  'WT-In7; - 

dldu.  [1. 11>] 

aUXLXWOOS,  OHAXLWOOS,  . 
JDHX  (A  UMX  LctfoD  printar  ;  T»lnt(d  tiiAn  1 

. . . ^^^«-M;lal„^ 

il;  often  Aned  for 

[X.UO] 

■ii(17M-lSlT)iaiitj 

_.    rwudi  Qcorg*  IT), 

___jrfitBn  liflMbTDtIa  «t 

■e  tm  U04 ;  at  Lomr  Lgdat^W™"- IBi^ 
bcba ;  Hi(i(«(l  to  wlllliim.ptii>aec< 

._dbs  MbCT  bjbraiUna  oSbaai- 

i*,in«;tnntfiulon*tCnBlMiBniLod«i,WliidKr,  , 
in«-ll :  ■■rW  Pane*  LmpgU  e(  a*I^OclbIIrg,  Ma;  1 

OXASLom  AVOTriTA  MATUSA,  Pkincehb  ' 
trttUtammmiOt  Quwehow  WDanitUBa  (17H-ltm), 
tf^tecUaof O«oic*ni;  IMnNlHl.lTM:  muTlsl 
lanat  wU*)  rn^rjck  WlUbm  Otuulm,  piliia  g( 
rM^boB.  Ibf  t7«T:  Doidiaa  ol  WUnoiMrs,  D^ 
■■Mrinr :  QBMStf  WnrtHBboE,  KM;  qHHHdoingv, 

luL  [I.  in] 

(USLOm  MPKU  (1TM-1S1B),  qm  of 
toftni:  if  KKktaDbcrf^tidlti ;  murlol  In  London, 
levt  1T«1:  aawiKi,  tl  Bipt.;  niHugid  tba  ro;iJ 
hiiwliiilil  iliiiliiu  tbeUiv'i  ImuiltT, '  """  '° 


ohastuxoh 


1. 1I1«,  ladotBt 
t ;  tord-tcwmnr. 


11^^; 


□buliwd  btm  Inufilb  >  cniil  a 

(aaw  CWoDlUX  WO.  ii.  i»j 

OKAXVOCK,  JOBH  (lIH-taOTX  ntbor  :  edooUHl 
■C  WlDObMMt  and  Trinity  Oolligs,  Oxford ;  |aanudiit ; 
Oknl  TOlnntea ;  pabUabtd 'Blo«ispbls  Nanlli,' llU-k 
'  BMarJ  ol  Harliu  AnhlteoUua,'  IWtl-),  ■  UIfoT  NiIbd? 
. — ..  [i-lil] 


CUXLTDV.    [Sai  alio  OBiMixnH.] 

SUILTOa  cr  OHXILZnn,  BDWABD,  BHh  and 
M  liaoir  OiaBLTiui  or  Fown  <1>70-11I1),  nanlai, 
M^  tba  wldomd  Ocnntcai  at  UuiA,  tboi  obtalnbK 
M^  Cartes  i  took  Bmrr  TTt  Ma.  UM :  iDocodid 
Mtltbuoaj,  OoUlw  1401 :  UMekidbrOvm  tf  Oliro- 

wiittTliM:  *a*ln  aMastad  bj  Onk. 


lTn««t  T-I«»6), 
OcJleBB,  Oxford, 


hli  oppreadou  ol  tbe  oollig*.  IIHI  ;  Tloo-pnaklsit, 
J>ni»i7l<K;«iptilttt  OoUbtrltStliityled  'captain'; 
In  London,  planulnc  tba  •——'—'""  of  WUllam  HI, 
un-t :  BTTcaled  rebnarj  KM :  suoatad,  IIM.  [K.  11>] 

OSAZXOCZ.  arSPHIlN  mw-iseoi,  jaritan ;  ■» 
of  a  London  uUDltDT;  ICA.  BounanHl  uiU<B<t  CkB- 
bridm ;  paritan  pntolicr  in  Soatbwuk  1  tntmdad  Into  ■ 
feUowildp  at  Kcv  CalK«a,  Oibird,  lUO :  nontor.  1«M ; 
□haplala  to  Kaaj  CrominU  In  Ir^aad,  1H7  i  wlllUln« 
to  LoodoD,  lOM ;  oo-paMot  at  tba  BlabaniRata  Bboit 
pmbileilan  ehmoh,  1I7(  1  hla  thaaloKiaJ  imrki  pnb- 
lijtbwl  poMhomoailr.  [x.  IM] 

fSaAXMOat.  THOMAS     (IHa-lWl).     alohamlit: 


,    JOBS  m 

BiRDK  QBAKLTo:t  OF  FowTi  (d.  lUI).    taaondu  to 
m  at  Cbariton  and  PnntobiiT,  Bhnpabln,  e.  lUQ ; 


vm  (4  iMsi 

•  in  law  and 

„  i  nddal  in  Oxford ;  pnboidaiy  of  Heiefarl 

(1JM>  u^  PmtaabnrT ;  raoofcmjed  aa  a  titawtmintDt  of 
Oatod  Paliatdlj,  iM  ;  bbbop  of  Hairfoid,  lUI. 

[X.  1J7J 
OBAlLnV,  LIOHSL  (ITK-ITM),  aotbor  ol  -TIk 
BMgnolWliIibT.'inf  -  rrhimlinaitmt  WhltbT. 

[x-IW] 

OKOKtOX  01  OKXSLETOK,  THOKAS  (if.  1M4), 
U^H  tf  BgrfMd ;  TonnH  bTotbcr  of  Jobn  Charlton, 
fe«  imam  Cliarltca  Iq.  t.I  ;  doctoi  of  dTll  lair  :  privy 
al  to  Hmid  II :  pnbnlfaiy  of  St.  PmII^  of  St.  lUlT*. 
-    ■     id(lll»>o* -— — ' ^..-..  .- .^^,_  .._ 


CUali.  IMT ;  liTSl  In  Rtli«muit  In  SutumL    [X.  lU) 
OHAXPUIlkRS.     [Bm  OASFDcn^B  and  Cam- 

PXSTTCHfl.] 

OSAXBZTIB.  AXKA  l(ABIA(lBl>-infXnilnUa» 
■Dd  oil  painter ;  nA  Kenwall ;  mairled,  IHl,  Jotin  Obai- 
retK(<f.  1M«}:  exhibited,  IStl-7t.  [<•  IH] 

0SASTZU8,  FBAH0I3  (MTi-lTUX  i^M 
'ooloDd ' ;  oCa  DonfrlaaBblro  ^mllj  ;  dlimlaaed  (be  am; 
tnr  ohfiatiiig:  rtlimlund  the  Doloh  HTVloe  for  tbaft; 
captala  In  the  IK  toot  araanli  i  muorad  fortrand,  1711 : 

typical  pnMllBale  of  ArtiMtioot,  Pope,  and   Hogarth ; 

landowntr  In  Haddington  and  tudloCblan ;  oooTloled  of 

rape,  but  paMonid,  I7S0.  It.  lU] 

OSASTXXIB,  BSSRI.  the  elder  Id.  lUB).  book- 

*  prlDta-,  of  BdluboTBh  ;  brodffht  oat  a  hlaok, 

on  at  Sir  DaTld  Ljaday'i  wotki.  1»«B :  printed 

theological  tnoU,  biblea,  and  rellgiaiu  pntall- 

[I.  IM] 

.,         KBIT,   the  yoqiiger  (l*w-l«S), 

fq.  T.] :  ILA.  BilLnbargta,  1K7 :  a  regent  of  BdLoboiBh 
UnlvenlCy,  IMS  :  principal  and  pnleaKr  Dt  dlilnlty, 
l»M-ig»:  minlitar  ol  North  LeIUi,  Itxt:  pnttan  of 
dlTlnJtj,  I«t7-B.  [I.  lU] 

OHAXTXSIB,  LAWBBNCB  (ItM-liOO),  SooCtlih 
dlTlne ;  Toanger  Mn  of  Henry  GhaiUil)  the  yoiUHra 

S.  T.; ;  k.A,  BdlnbDTgh,  IMe :  inliil>t«  of  Batham  (or 
Mer).  Haddlngtonihire,  lsM-;(;  profemrof  dlilDlCr 
la  BdinbatKh.  lfl;t-ei  :  mlnliter  of  Cirleton,  HaddlngtoB- 
ihlre,  1SBS-9T 1  pubUibed  theological  tnota.       [i.  IJT] 

OSAXT,  OITTHTAHANNT  BAQOOHATHA  (rt 
ISMh  aXronomer :  aatlitant  at  Uiktraa  obeerTatory  ;  a 


monaiterr  of  Ohiitt  Cbnrob,  Oanterbury.'^ll 

ported  Eing  John  agtlDit  St  AngutlDe'*,  OaaletbaiTi 


.        .       rf-rr.   11*1 
.rvbblibop  Habot  ai 

0 ,, 

[i-uq 


QTTATTirr.ATW 

OHATKLilB,  OLARA  nE  (ISOT-lKe).  o 
■Dttacr ;  of  FtcddIi  UCnctlDD  :  B^  At  Pdlil 
Is  LdDdon :  rsldel  Ln  Pnuioe.  11133  :  rvtnma 
IMT:  IiuniM  J,  B.  F,  E.  dBChalcluii  [q,  r.]. 


:  mbroKl.  on  Che  Usft  ■ 


d  pvrliapg  Petnrcb  ; 


[I.  lU]  13/. (j.gd.traaEdwiuimi, 11741  upoIdM complrallK 

DDiurviia  of.lhe  cDitomi  and  iDlaldy  of  wcoli,  *«_  lawlon,  Jup* 

udMa^ifd  '"*  =  ncrfnd  poulOD  of  llH.  hum  Jofaa  sC  Ount,  Imia 

DOtllUud  lilerarv  and  DoUtteid  n»n.  Ti.  1401  Si"'  If™™"T-  }"?  -  ■ 


I  and  pidltiol  papers.  [l  140] 

OKATELAIHE,  JOES  BAPTIST  OLAODR  (1^0- 

ITilXdniifhUoiiiniiiuleDgnTur  :  real  nune.  PiiturpR ; 

of  Pniurli  cKtriuitton  ;  rosiili>d  at  Ohd>iK ;  of  Ejopi^fiilcnt 

habUlieoOTUieachlFfiy  laaancapis.  [1.141] 

OHATELREaAOLT.    ScKR    a?    (d.    l»7i).     [8h 

OBATFIZLD,  EDWARD  (1300-1839),  paint 


.  a  pBT^  Co  Hw  ■UDeUofi  ol 

iinpaiciw,   IWa;    appointed    oonqiCroUv  a 
—   ^oudou,  aud  allDwod  to  br —  "  ■"-—*- 


_.      tor  Kent,  UM; 

raoOTOI  from  Iwtli  oomptroUenlLLpt,  IBSft  ;  wvait  tbA 
OwUrbars  pU«riiugc  April  UIS ;  M  niai  n 

UnC^  worki  atTwlDiB  plui*,  ad 
-"  '—■ — —  '"' :  tnbbel  bj  hi 


,— -  ,--,.  , ,  .._     bj  depniy,  July  in»-aq>t«>>b(ir  l»l^ 

iller;  pupil  of  B.  n.  BnAou;  palntnl     wayniai,«Snt.  IIW  i  jcrint  fUatv  at  North  P( 
toriiUi  foaio^  IHl-aS:  wrote  In  tbc     Park, SomeneC. IHl :  wb fmaCv. I»r :  mMni 

nfer  psemlonym  of '  Kclilnn."  [i-  141]      i  of  »{.  (rom  Rlchinl  IL  ' "' ■  •—•-"•- — ■ 


ifl  OF.    iSct  Prrr,  WauAii,  fliw 
Bahl,  i;ob-i;;R:  Pi-rr,  JonK.<ei«iiaEAHi,ii'6fi-iK)s.i 

OHATTEELET.  WILLIAM  BIMMONDg  (ITW- 
18»S),Bi:lor;  armbavl  the  Urniy  Lone  oompiuij.  17^- 
laiM;  sotM  nl-o  at  BIrmliieliiin.  OliElUmlium,  1904.  aiid 


SSr^t^^rr^^;.^  I'm^^r        °°™^,2^  GoodWomn-j.ittaflrrt.'aiit.olmie.rW.tak.. 

"™"' "*"'•""  Poaiia.iaj~J&.  [».  141]  (!)  Th,  period  0*  hta  maCnrity,  1180-1400.  In  vUcb  b* 

OEATTntTOK.     JOHN     BAUIB     (IBOIV-lBrl).  dm tfas berola oooplat    ToCUi  periol  bdnwUia  -Dan- 

taarpin:  un  itf  a  FDrtmuntta  moiIfr'Oailn' :  haiptot  in  Certnirj  Talaa,'  iMgnal  about  19S7.     The  'Cutcrton 

I/wdon.  iaM-71 ;  corapoaid  music  for  Uu harp.  TalM "^woe  lint  priuMd  by  Oaiton  in  147» ;  thagDllMal 

[1. 14J]  "Orka  wen  fltit  taonl  by  W.  IlirnnB  in  lUS.  (>.  IM] 

OHATTXSTOV,   THOMAS  (ITW-ITTOV  pwt;  poit-  ,™.,„,™„    

hunoo.  ohild  of  «  poor  Brirtol  VhootoaMirTNiirto  „  ™*Y*™|;  THOMAS  (WOT  ?-14MX  ipeato  ol_U» 


■00^  lo  tta  oharten  at  St.  Mary  BadoUHe  OhamlL  .;-;-%--.,—-..-■■  — -. 1 

BiiMol;  wmn  btt  ant  nnu,  mi :  pabllibMi nnca  In  p.tori.bir», b» marrlag. ;  1 

■FHU  FarlVi  Brittol  Jannial,-  17«»!  b«an  lo  npn-  "mJ^ofOaont;  «Mrfb«tor(OIUohardn,H«»TlT. 

•mt  bli'BnUaDe'  Tnea  ai  annlna  (uSmh.  ITM-  ^™^  V.  and  SciiiT  VI 1   rscdnd  bwn  Rkhanl  n  ■ 

bViottttloneMt'TlMau^WmS^U:  in-  P™toiMl«.»i.8d^MMdillW:  oiinn«M.<*W»im» 

nlol  a   pollnB  (or  a  Brtatolpairlntf    17<7  -    ap.  ™  0— "»  :  grants!  WoodiCoak  Uaoor,  1411 :   ILP.  B> 

CHoid  to  a  BrlaUl  attonmr,  IW-TO:   nDbUmai  te  grti»l»lil»to mom partlamntfc  1*0(1-J1 :  ■peafaralUi 

'Brtjtol  Journal'   a  pleoe  daUd  1»*8,  17M:    ta.  ???"  of  Oomiwnu,  1407,  1410,  1111,  1414;   toagbtrt 

(wniaged  In  bU  fabrioatloiu  by  Um  er^uUty  of  Gaann  *»'°™{^  ""  '■  ™™^  *"  Franoa  1117  :  nMmbcr  il  a» 

Oatooft  of  Brittol,  ITM ;  wniCe  Co  Jama  Doddey,  ottering  ?^?™-  ^*rj  «"  «mtor  of  tbc  Dnchwi  of  Torkl jrtn, 

old   plart,  Deoember    ITtS-FebniaiT   1789;    wrote   Co  1*"1,  minted  lobe  of  groat  wwdCli.  [i.  1(7] 

HoraoB  Walpole,(or*B[dlDgancl«ithliitoriHo(paiiiCJng  osAITOaKBS     unniT  n.  /»  \tnn\    i„.h,j...  ^ 

lodvd  In  BhondUdi,;^  •DbM^uenUy  to  Brooktstnet.  SIST  IBMM    ik  BihlST  l^'tldSJ'  l^^^SS? 2 

poMtal«dl777«rfirOT.   Hl.™il»led«rk.appB«d(n  OHADIIOJY.    0HAHLD3    (1706-1777),    |&^; 

1""'  [''lit)  kU>.  Oambildge,  17»i   ooUeolfd   plUaraH,  Eotoa.  and 

OKATIO,   VILLUM  AKDKEW  (ITgt-Uei),  mil-  booka  [k.  1M] 

odbmaou   wilUr  ;    bom  at  Nevmattinin-TyM ;    lea-  OHAmtfKV   mnATinn  M  lull  Tji.dnu«-  ._. 

ncnlbem  counS^IBM-f ;  w»t*  alMtOD  wood^gravlng,  ^,S.  iImT^^^JSS"  (-  ™^^i?^2^  " 

J?Si?:;S!f^iS:^^'  M.g.ai„vi8»_^^Z  S^^ti,"'rS;iX"*'  '-™«-'™«7.^'J«^™- 

OKArnniinnw,VAL'raR(j.iJiix  [s«cl™!<.]  e„^™^£fj^^^^*^^  SSiJS'alS 


0KAira«a,OB0WBBr  (1140  7-HOO),  poet;  ion  of     bridge,  180«;   leUow  :  K.A,,  1617;   B.D..18M 

'-*-  "■ "  IIMX  •fotnar,  of  London;  pagf  to     Waro,  Hertfotdabire,    ISK-Sa  "   "' 

1.  wife  of  Lionel,  dakr  of  Clarence,     Lawrence,   Northamptonjtlre, 


-.-  ■,  1830  and  1U4  ;  gnbndtM 

tlon  lo  Ranee,  liCfti  taken  prisoner  In  BrilUny;  to  I^ul.  IBM;  uilOant  mialiter  at  PlymmtlL  Sew 
ranKHoed  by  Bdwtinl  III,  lUO:  marriid  FUIlppa  Kogland,  teB7 :  mUiiiCsr  at  Boltnale,  lUl:  Inrit^tett 
(IBoet,  d.  1387  f;,  a  tarvant  ol  Ibe  Dnobcai  of  Lao-  toKnglaiid,  laM;  preeident  of  Hamud  OoU^a,  WM-TI; 
(wterfaifeof  Jabn  of  Claunt),  probably  in  1388,  oartaluiy  pobliibed  sennooi,  tbtologlcal  traola,  and  Istlii  nam 
bttfOK   1ST4 :    melted  limn    Bdwaid   III   penilon   of     and  apCMdHa.  [x.  im] 


CHAUNOT 

IMKUmn,  a»  henry  (IMJ-ITIBI,  Umgnpl 
;    neoRler    ol    Hertford, 

iDOq^lka  of  Hstfonlitiln,' 
■  »  -  " — — liblnL  II 

,  isAAO  (lai-ini).    


THOMAS  (I „_„ 

dnuighUmvi ;  pupil  of  Pnnopwn  BortcJaal ;  irsldsl  In 
■       ■  [..177] 

RIORARD  (jt  iwon 


^Mv  ta  St.  IUiTA]n,'lMt-lTOl,  uddl'^nH;  tator  oi 
tk(  UMkm  PhMnftnt  AmOBUj ;  poliUttaafl  ainlnivtT.>lr' 


o/ the  north  il 

-. _— l>^g^  Tottahi™. 

ItAllmp  moTAUty  plAy  bj  7: 


itiBilt  OrioiJ 


rf  tta  OutluulvuBt  Ea»c  UM  :  wttbdnw  to  Bran,     Bdwin.  prii^i 
"         "  1W8;  dlBl  mt  Brnn ;  pnbllirtiBcl     vill-i  Oofi^ 

i  iMaiiU  HvXyvptm,'  lUO. 

['.  l'«l 

.   THOUAS   (U187' 

_     ig^SiB^adialDMMrlMWliuitiiitBHiii  Sew 

OgOnOilanl:  Mlow.  lor ;  U.A. :  pnotti,  1M4  :  BJ), 
\m>:  mtei  of  Wlocbotv  OaU(«^  lUO,  um)  of  Kck 
OgB«4  14*1 ;  B-CkDJL,  litl :  ehMwdtor  oi  Wrtb  CUm- 
M,  Itft;  DJ>.  ind  nid«  o(  Knr  OoUi«c  lUC-ri' 


OmnbTUtR,  IMR,  br  kli^'i  nwidate  i  look  oidcn  In 
1U»:  knighted,  1H>;  fnolal  iitdltioiial  luda  bjr 
w«d  VI :  eknk  of  Um  councU ;  HnUrj  c(  •tat(^  U 
iapporiftl  LaJr  Jftoe  Qny ;  LmprliaiHd  Ui  the  Tows 
□twn  Mvj,  Jill;  liM-e>ptautier  lUt ;   wjtbdrev   ._ 

mllsl  In  Ilalj ;  twigbt  Gmk  kt  atmburg ; 

ulylBTitol  toBnii--'- ^--— ." . 


tfacolovlcal  tn 
I        OSKLLZorOHZLL,  WILLIAltO(-l>M>.mi 
Km.  Bu.  Oiliird,  IBM ;  pntanduy  of  BadOnl, 
and  pncentor,  1U4-V  i  jnrb^ia  looght  mnio  In 


tr.] 


VILLUH     (1H0»-1«47)-       [S»8 


J,I>OOOl-l8nW-IMl).B«l*l«h  idnxato: 

■Mbw  oI  dTll  law,  WnbDrtb,  IH7-U:   aatliar  cf 

,  an  JOHN  07H-l>n>,  geMnl :  Hoanrl 
. — . ,«..  ^^liMt.  IMl ;  o^oo^ 


UiA>la«loal  wrltn ;  a  Canaellle 


filKI  taoght  _.  

[..  IN] 


tB« 


(j«.  ino).    csbb  oh*b. 

WILLIAM   (leiOT- 

f:  peholat-  of  OcRpiu 

,i.Oiilard.  ISM:  fiDaw,  IHl ;  M.A>  1**4; 

Qn    IM4 :  ^»pi«iii  to  Blihop  Bsons  ;  preboulBtr  of 
K  noTi,  1M> ;  dlnntnl  agiliiat  tlia  n&mHd  iloctiLnv, 

,._.  , . — 1^  ^   nnchlnc  agaiut  Uw  refDimal 

'    "  — ■"-  -■■*-»  promotlcp. 


V,  JAMBS  (1140  T- 1801  Xoppmat  a(  Qlb- 

son ;  cducatBd  at  Wntmlnater  mid  Chiiit  OboRb.  Oi- 
turd ;  B.A.,  17*1 ;  D.D.,  177S ;  neUtr  of  SroilOnl.  Himp- 
ibln.  with  olber  prefermsil;  died  luane;  pobUibid 
■BTiioiii>,  ■  blitarjot  muitlDleiiiFraTliK,  17M.  ud  two 
pamphleU  OD  Olbbon'i  tnatmmt  of  Chrtanianltr,  I77( 

OHSNSRT.  THOMAB  (1«1«-1«84).  tSiUn  of  'The 

bridge;  U. A.,  ISSR:  barriiter:  'Tims'  oormpondent 
at  OoDtUiiiliiople.  ISM-f  :  leader  writs  tq '  The  Tlmea': 


d  ^lao 


TtlCHARD     (inB-I7TSX     Mrtiop     of 

,_  "<«r~Cbiiit     P»Si™.~ci™bTldgB, '  1 

ChrltttCol-     Brarborongb,  171     — ■•-■ 


.._. jwof  ICIii8'iOoUipi,Ckn 

I ;  'bS^oTLi 

[--174] 

t,  WILLIAM  (/I.  ItUXaalborof  ' 


BIB  HENBI  <I7l»-l781Xrtat(UTT:  | 


[ENBI  <I7I»-I 
n;  worinl  In 


Pari!,  IBUS :  publiibol  alH  ibamu  ukI  pnm,  [ 


e  king's  Kc»tary'ii 


ohaot;  bongbt  lazids 


In  ItlB;  ) 
a  soil  »eai  cdlDbiirKb.  uua-v ;  lup- 
w  Mjller,  wlio  tiKl  leaniHlpriDling 
a  prcw  In  Eillub_i-gh,  th«  Bnt  in 
'  naWnt  Uie  right  to  eiclude  book* 
.  Inual  amw  poetical  piMs,  UW, 


OHBBTEKPIELD 


10:  iKrbiiiiii 


OaXBBUXT  < 

bUliopotDroniD,t 
bldiop  or  St.  DiTl 


DAVID  (Jl.  1*M\ 

Ui;-ID:  iJUrwuili  nltngin  to  tin 
'•:>CiuTiKllt«f[ur.  It.  IK] 

;.  BIK  KOBEET  ALEXiXDER  <17K7- 

IMOXphnldu;  triay  •urg»n  Id  On  PenliKiiU  ud  it 
W*t«1ix):  X.D.  Baiuburgh,  1811:  lettlal  u  pncUtkwH 
iuFuKlSll.  [i.lM] 

CSiROV,  LOUIS  (lUA-lf SO),  pftintv  jLDd  m^nver : 
)»niiiiFuJ>:  traTellelin  IImSj:  muiai  u  ■p^lcrln 
Pull  befun  1497:  Hugnniat  tetaget  la  Laniloii.  lt»0; 
bli  npautlon  DulDl;  bus  I  on  hi*  book  iUudntloiis. 
[1-  W»] 
ANDKRW  (i;M-lHlgi.  Bfltor  tuldriuiu- 
-'-  inpiflntiw  Id  DublLi ;  jollied  u  Itlib 

ifn ;  .tUKbul  U>  the  Dublin  Umitre. 

1787  J  iKled  Is  Tork«blre,  J7K:  rrturnal  to  Dablln,  17»4: 
Hlid  U  Muicbsbcr.  uid  <  17SS)  st  Bstb  :  MDruiyLuF, 
Lonlon,  Isn-T :  bnjnghl  out  kdw  ten  dnunntlc  ploon, 
ITM-181II,  Uh  mut  >uc««tiil  being  ■  The  Siililln'i 
Dmughter,-  ■  oomcdj.  IMl.  [i.  1B>] 

OHERRT,  FRANCIS  (ISM  7-1711),  nnijuKir  :  of 
SbDtUabnwke,  BerliililTe :  mtmd  St.  Bdnuind  HiU,  Oi- 
lord.  lasi :  ooUected  Iwoki  ud  oolti) ;  bawfutor  at 
Tbonuu  Heuue ;  frlvod  of  Bkbop  Koi  uid  o<b«T  dod- 
[r.  IW] 


US(»-« :  numlier  of  (annar'i  eoonolL  1888-11 ;  lU)  JL. 
l«la;llT.  for  Oifoid,  IMt;  pablUbad  botA  mhI  pi^l- 
Uol  vrritlngL  [BoppL  L  4M] 

OKEEMET,  ROBBRT  dk  (d.  IIMI  or  DB  Qmnnro, 
bUtup  of  UdooIb  ;  iRtailauiOB  ol  Mowtu;  at  m  miia 
dlipoiliioa ;  bWup  of  Lincoln,  1148  :  Injnnd  tta  m  br 
iltaotOag  \U  stata,  plalKlnc  Cba  oMbadnl  jewAi  M 
Avon  Um  Jeir,  and  (ila)  iHowiiw  St  Albuu  AUhj 
exemptlDD  frr-"  —,»■'—»  <-^.*-j .  »»..»«rf  h-nj, — 
tbe  bUwp't  I 
bonie  tor  UK  ■«.  118S: 
>iibinlttoCti(klng,ll(4.  ■    [i.  I»»] 

OHESBAZ.  JAHB  AOMBa  ri8U-188aXtacha';«aD. 
catal  in  Bdlnburvb  ;  taaohir  in  a  Xdolon  ■omljuiT 
im~U :  manm  of  Hit  London  Sofaool  Baud,  lt7(-« ; 
dieditBnuwli.  (!■  *Di>] 

IIHXBSKBB.ROBSRT<17H-lBIl),iuirg«on:(tidtod 
nova;  In  London,  17U :  pnotlial  U  mneU^. 

OBXusrax,  sib  johh  (lut-iTia),  uwjb;  ot 

HMwood,  Cbabin ;  anUnd  Iho  luiur  Temple,  IMt  - 
•(TleBol-«l-liiw,  t7UJ;  endowed  ■  cbnnili  lud  libruj  at 
Hallon,  Ohwhire :  knl«ht«l  before  17U.  [i.  MO] 

,BiRi«ij«.  [BeeHDOR,rf,110l:KA!!Iiot», 


THOMAS  a88S-lTM},  trimd  of  •] 
oi  Bt  Edmiuid  Ball,  Ortotd,  I  "  " 


I7u»; 


OBBBTBEZ,  ANDREW  (/.  ISOe-IM)).  tnoahloi 
Into  BoElieh  of  FisHh  devoUoiwl  book!  tar  Wfuk^  de 
Woide'BpnH.  ['- 1»] 


n  in,  IJ1»-U77; 


.  JoesPH  LKMCEL  (1811-1B8SX  . 

kigist:  bom  in  ConnecUcnt :  vent  tfi  Sew  YoA,  lOi: 
— rohmifi  clerk ;  pubUihBd  wr- ^---     -     . 


LondM,  1 


F.HA,  1711:  lureeiHi  o: 


FRANCIS  (1718-1806), 


'orki,  Inolndln^  ^The 


I".  I":    I 


Leiceeter :  pubIL 

uil  gouL,  l7i;.  li.  IM) 

OHXBXKT,  OHARLBS  OORKWALLIS  (1BM-I8I8), 
ddlltozT  sriUo :  BiMnd  WuolwlDh,  18iJ :  nb-Untcnuit, 
rojral  eu^neen,  184t;  lUtloned  in  Iniluid  and  (be 
ooloulee,  18tt-H :  oaptalo.  18M  :  profeuor  of  mlUlHry 
LMoiT  at  Saudburit:  lieuMnuLHUlawl,  1M8.  Hli 
piLnolpal  work*  are:  ■Oampal^ni  in  Vlrgloia  and  Uuy- 
bnd,'  1881,  'Walnloo  Lei^Ra,'  1888,  and  'Beuti  in 
--■■        -'        phj/iait  [i.lM] 

FRANCIS      RAWDON      (1781-1871), 


1881,  'Walt 
7  Btigrapli 


lion  in  Che  n»a]  artlUeir,  1808 ; 
frollleadinUtlaiiedtobeifntOD  acUre  atrrtoe;  ilallad 
ToTkar,  108:  (ortMBd  tlie  iithmiu  of  Boa.  I8lii  and 
(iMiirtd  that  a  Band  ni  pnHloatds ;  oiploced  ndle;  of 
(be  Bophratea,  1811.  wltb  a  Ttew  to  a  tnde-roota  fnm 
tlM  Syrbui  ooait  to  Knmcbn;  naTigatad  the  lower 
"     '     '  '  eiplond  tbe  Tigria,  lMf-7 :  MaUoned  at 

>-7 ;  mator-general,  lUt ;  larTeTed  onine 
lUwaj  from   Anliocb  to  the  aophraloa. 
1888  :  robllihed  narratlTea  ol  hU  urvevL 
I.  Ill] 


Jonmallit,  and  newtonier  olitor:  atdfrd»«anp  Is  Um 
ronrnot  of  FhUaddpbla  and  tltolar  ■adiaai;  1881: 
■eltied  in  London.  1818-8*;  ooUcoted  matoriali  lor  Oa 
blalonr  of  Amerloaa  famllln  IroiKi  the  wlUa  In  Sonton* 

Ostamona,  partib  ngiatsi,  the  reglOen  ol  Oxford  Did- 
TenItT  and  tbe  lee  of  London ;  c^lef  pnblleattoM  :  >  John 
Bogvn,  Hie  oompOer  of  the  Brit  AaUBrlaed  bgtU 
""-'-■  ■11,  ami  'BsgWers  of  t:^  Abbey  of  St.  Pitw. 
W,'  1876.  [,.  MIJ 

,  ROBBRT  C*.  118!>.  BDtlior  ot  aal»- 
pnaOTTed  In  manoaerlpt  hi  Uie  BodMaD ; 
■ton  ot  an  Aiablo  treatiie   on   aldaiaa. 
printed,  IBM.  [i.  MH] 

OaiaTZX,  ROBERT (1188 M84ai).poat:|nlilMd 
'Lore'i  Uaitjr.-  1801.  rnHblkilMd.  1811.  ondv  (be  Uth 
'  Tbt  Annahi  of  Great  Brttlalna.'  an  appoidli  (0  tbe  non 
oontalnbigSbakeapianrM'FbomliandTonle.'  [i.  lU] 

OEZSTXa.  ROOBR  or  (Jl.  IIK),  writer  of  'Folm- 
tica  TempoTum':  probably  a  miaddcriptioa  of  Buinlf 
Hidden  [q.  >.],  monk  of  St.  Werbarah'a.  Otieater,  andaa 

_, .,yj  g(  Hlgdan'a  ' Pol jciminloon ■  or  >Fiil>- 

t-.Mll 

1.  WTLLIAU  OF  (A  1108).  [aee  WlIXUK.] 

WILLIAM    (lM8T-lratTX     KM 

Iwrbonve.  Oambrldge:  draper  In  London  befoT*  1888; 
partner  In  the  flnt  nigar  nflnerT  In  "-g'™*!  UM ; 
alderman  of  London.  lSf8-T>:  ehowed  Undnaei  to  thi 
FrMMAot  mait/n  wben^eberill.  18*4;  knighted,  IHI; 

un 


altematln  ti 


Bartholg 


has,  Oalnltta:  bead  of  department 
prepared  KbBna  lor  Boiid  ladlan 

QcJl«e,  Ooopec'a  HIO,  1888 ;  llrM   | 


:■  QBOBOB  TOUKYNB  (1810-I88B). 
if  Colonel  Ohuha  Oorawallli  Cbeaner 
Bart  India  Ocmpaa;')  OoUege.  Addla- 

1S8S;  Uent 

~ '---,rairaHBgin«m.ia»q;geum..   . 

In> 

[ttirtdent,  "JB71-80;  '  1847 (prtnM  18*').' 


death :  benetaotor  of  Ohrlit'i  Boapttal  and  ot  SL 
.. jj  ,^j 

OHXBTERFIELD, Barui of.  (Bee3Taiiitopi.Paiijr, 
fliit  Eaai,  1184-18(8  :  STANHora.  Philif,  ■aonod  B*U, 

1888-1711:    BTU.-HOPB,    PnCUF     DOBHXR,    foonll  ■!■& 

18M-I77I;  Btahhof-i,  Puiur,  Bfth  Babl,  1718-1818.) 
I.  DoDimaa  of  (d.  itsiy.     [Bb 


lai  T).  oanOB  of  LIchAeld :  prebeodarT  ol  LlobBeU.  UK, 
ud  of  Borofocd,  I4KI;  arcbdenoon  of  Salop,  1418-80: 
vrole  a  chronicle  of  the  biibops  of  UidilMd  down  ta 


OHBTITBILI. 


(i.  1«U).    [8m  HnraToax,  E 


M'UriMid  1M». 


mnCPSBEY  (lUO-lWlX  ftnodtr  ol 
-■ ■-      -■!«;  loniil 

:   mercdiiui^ 


(utaa  «llk  hii  bcoUv  dttwgt , 

b«iM«:  tootbtludliiMid  new  HuHbtaUr,  lUO-S: 
biHattri  MOQI.  for  rtiwMna  pot-  ■ 

n  i|[iii.i[ii  iinri  i  mm  iT  i 


1I{J«.11I0> 
,    EKISHTLY    (lUO-inOl   ima    « 
-—  -t  BtoB  ud  OunbrUac;  II A^ 

" *v  of  (hot  BiHllWtKl. 

.._     .J  «  won,  1M7:  In- 
Bbtabopria - 


[tlW] 
,  WIIJJAH  RUFUB  (d.  1TU>, 
bookKUB;  pobUdud  umphlrt  on  ub 
t  Dnir  Idna  TbiMn,  ITH-W  : 
M :  pnopMr  it  tin  Dublin 
aaa^ua:  udtriOTid  br  d«bt>17M;  pabUibal  four 
taMde  ptmLino-^  ilH  >  ■Ooml  BlHarr  of  (ba 
Bl^t'  IfW.  'itK  BrltMi  nMtee :  Un  ot  Uk  .  .  . 
IWimMb  Fatta.'  ITU^  awnttni  «l  tn*^  ud  tate 


tSSTltWi   DJl 


BDWARD  (UTT-lt»),cUTlii«;a(  tb> 
-"-     tamUr:    BjL.   Bute  Oollise. 
...        1;  prawliK  Bt  AUii«doo,  IMM, 
■1  Bilnot,  INT ;  tanaoal ;  dtu  of  Brlitol,  ltl7. 

S.IU) 
3-lWl>, 
"  ■(  n  of  Unid  Obetwyi^  [q,  t.I:  >LA. 


U  IMS :  pnMirtcilu  i 


M,  IMS:  poMkbtd 
[■.«»] 

fUUTW  IJi>,  WALTBB  (d.  leW),  utlqairr:  of 
IilMUu,  nioflmfclilm  It.P.  lor  Btalfard.  lglt-»,  ud 
to  n*io(A>Unt  IMt ;  «Dcoanc«d  Hobst  PloCi '  Nnto- 
al  ffii»o»T  Hi  afWartihlifc'  [i.  IK] 

f  UHIIW IJU,  WILLUU  BIOH&RD  OHXTTYND. 

Ofed  THOomn  Ohitwtsd  (Ittir-irfOX  aiacwtad  at 
~-^" — "-   — '    "-' — '■  -iwr  W  On™,    iras-l»  ; 


(X.  Ill] 
.     JOHN    (lUg-lari),    ctironlclor    of 
-  ~-   Udiih :   wnXe  u  ucouiit  of 
[..1141 

OHXTAimL,  THOMAS  (lT«;-IBt4),  niBoaa;  ks 
<(  k  Bannat  iifunu.  i  B^  P«ilirol:«  OoUeec  Own- 
kfUac.  inf ;  rtndirt  uatoiiij  In  LondOD ;  lAaturrd  on 
■■•■■V  aad  mtyrj  ts  iMidai ;  poMlibed  nr^loil  tm- 

mm.m3-uu.  [,.  »M] 

snruLco.  uttboht  kodolfh  ( »»-]  »7t), 

hAoW ;  bsrn  Id  BomudT :  kuHd  Habnw  bom  Pno- 
di  TUibliu  la  Full :  (iBbniMd  pnitcatwittnD  :  euat  ta 
K«taid,i.  IMS:  patnalacd  bj  Ibe  Mabofi ;  aettlad  at 


nbtldnlBi 


Ll  OunbrtdgK  II 
af  writlogi  Hitt  pi 


»    pnbcDdarj  aC 
I  Drran  WaHen'l 


JOHN    W.    IW).    u 

ik.  IRlf ;   bnt  a  laoailo  ■vtan 
.    — pnottcBlacnDDllorattMObmUlar 
baikr.  (I.  lit] 

OSKVALLIZX,  TBMPLS  (ITM-ISni  katmoiur : 
entcnd  Pmbioka  OoUqta,  OanbHdc^  1811;  nooul 
wnnKter,  IMT :  KD.  Ciambrlda*,  ISH ;  MlAv  of  I^o. 
■-— ' '  *■  °'  OMbaHoo'a,  OambrUca ;  Tloar  of  Oist 


Obaita  ObalPDa  [q.  t 


■r  LI  OHZX.  HBNRY  (d.  IIU),  Htbop 
.  aunuou,  c  IS8S  i  *Db[iim«d  lo  Bdwvd  U  ^^^  '  dfr 
and  tcr  Bobart  ^oae,  IIM;  aald  to  ban  baUtD>^ 
iwnla  BrUgK  [i.  Il>] 

inaTMM.  JAIIXS(d.  IIMX  phlloaopbg  and  naUie- 


Ttoarwl ;  pabUdHd.  I17>-81,  Latin  tiaUaca  on  Tsiloaa 
--ibtaeta,  laclndlng  aaBoDomj,  gaoanphr,  >Bd  UnAifalo- 
■■--  -----  [I.  lit] 

Ladt  JASI  (1«1-IH«>,  Mar  dugbtK 

.todlf  h,  Unt  di^  of  Hanulla  [q.  *.] ; 

WribMik,  NDtaacbabMUn;  uanM,  I»4, 

-  '-  - ' :  wToto  Tana  (not  pobUabad), 

[tlWl 

(ITTT-int),  mtdlaal  wHUr;  ado. 

rrwlnalAl  In  nbadletna,  17B6 ;  army 

Lt  Uith  Fort,  ITMl   i«nMT«l  la 

Jh  form  In  InUod.  IBM :  ntlnd 
1801-91:  wroti  an  anlfblo^pbf.  ['.Ml] 

OHXnn,  OHXTHIT.  0 

(IWtl-tUS),  I— ■  ' 

Olnqne  porta :  k    _        , 
IcD  X,  Ull-14 :  abslS  of  Kmt,  llll ;  i 
Henij  Tin.  c.  Ill*;    nxIdoDt  Mobaa 
court,  im  and  llM  :  aemd  la  Brttunr.  Itlli  wardaa 
:  Inanrn  of  booebidd.  119* :  K.O. 

,     . depulT  In  Paria  at  obriatanlna  ol 

m  of  Fraaoe.  IIW:    H.F.  for  Kent,  IMI.  IM*. 
Ul.  liH,aDd  ISM;  jaliiaiopixMtlanbieDiiHnFt, 

KaFT  and  BUiabrth.  '      [Bnppl.L  4)1] 


of  CUiqpe 


f  <''■  } 


18  T),  |ad«»;  lo^ 


, . __  fclng-i  baooh,  1...  , 

cUaf-tiutUn,  MM  till  daalli :  kiil«bt«d.  141s.  Pnibalilj 
not  kkntloaj  wltb  tbo  WlUlBm  Gbejna  wbo  waa  nooidar 
ot  Loodoa  In  117*.  [x.  Ill] 

UlUTItX,  WILLIAM,  leoond  TixcounT  Nrwhatkm 

8UT-in8),  lod-Usotsnant  of  BiuikinKbanuhln.  1711- 
'14;  U.P..  BaoUDifbanubln,  nnder  Qoeen  Aojie;  »ld 
(Xidiea  Manor.  1711.  Iz- tlTi 

OSXTKSLL.  FBAHOIa  (ItOS-ltU),  pnrltan  :  hb  ti 
an  Oxford  ptafdclaa  ;  fellow  ot  Uertoa  OMlegi,  Int; 
1I.A,1SU;  wmircroHdUKdaRmof  B.D.be«iiwafUa 
OalTlnlit  Qplai^a ;  vicKT  of  Uaratoi  Bt.  lAwnso^ 
Konbaaaptraubkre,  1637  ;  ploDdand  bj  tlw  klnv'i  tnopi^ 
c  IMl;  gbaplaln  bi  tbit  pullameituj  amy;  mambo' 
rf  Uk  WMOilnatar  iManhly.  lUl ;  Intradad  ncMr  a( 


th  BOMH,  ItU-W :  Tloknt  •Atoisit  oI  WllUwii 
irth  [q.  T.J.  l«4S-4 :  ooa  at  Uw  p(rLUi»ntiir]i 
'HHHB  w  Ojcnnl  uuLTenl^.  1A4T  :  Intndeil  prcflldeDl 
oi  Bt  J<ihii'i  OoUeve,  Oitoid,  1HS-M> :  IjhIi  Muvanl 
protiHir  at  •llTlnltjr.  IMS-U ;  D.D^  1M8 ;  rMInd  Eo  bli 
nuts  at  Pratoo,  Bdhi.  c.  1S«0;   pabllitKd  vorks  dI 

— Bl  divinllj,  1 MI-7.  [It.  *«1 


OHsnnT.     JOHN    (/.  1«TT),     oongngotlODallit 

IRsdicr  In  Chwhin,  1«7*;  pob" " 

^hM*  ngminit  qiukerliini.  W«-7. 

RICHARD     (lill-lfn),     btahm     ol 
fr :  Mlo"  Df  Panbroke  H^ii,  Ouabrldttn ;  V.A, 


lx.1^' 


OHIOSBBTSB.  ARTHUR,  Baroh 
IpllMt  (13M-16SSJ,  loiJ   .Ipputj   Dt   It 

rr  Collet  Oxlard,  ItM ;  lUiunlCel  a  ivpil  pi 


ilitlon.ltH,  in  Fnn»,l»r.iuid  lo  tb*  LoirOc 
kulgbud,  liar :  aHamd  of  K  nvlmcnt  it  Dnshena,  im: 
goToiuTOf  Ourlaktugm,  ud  utlT*  *(^Iin  tb(  Irich 
taiqiStoW.  l(»»-t«« :  lort-depotr.  IWM-"--    -' — "  -• 
. __|j   t^Sing  d 


IfirmlBC  Ibe  utln 
iHcin:  (and   by  J 


I  doKD    tin  du 


S,  anil  oCWcniDliincr.  UWI :  bl9li«i  ol 

Lnttafnn  Dplnkmi ;  nimeiT   opponel  the  Thiny-Didi' 
ArtlcdEfl,  1B^ ;  g%n  ffi^  offBDce  by  pnn^lnjf  Ldtbonu    , 
doctrbm.  1108 :  D.D,  OunbrtdA  lUt :  relaoEuUy  ilertie] 
Uw<tnli>lc>,Ull.  [I.  IH] 

OBIBALD,  JAVES  (fc.ieilXnyitUrt  diTlne:  Km  or  , 
WUUmn  OhibaW  [q.-,];  choriBar  of  MugdAlen  Ooll^n  ' 
Oifonl,  1«M:  U.A..  ISS)  :  reotor  of  St.  ^'Icbolu  Ool>  I 
UHnj,  I^ndon,  IMl :  Mqoatntsd  by  pirUimaiC.  IMl. 

___  [■- »«]      I 

OHIBALS.  WILLIAM  flm-lM),  dlrln*  :  sborliUr 
ot UiCdila OdU««  Oifaid.lHS;  U^.,  ItW;  rectoro: 
SI.Nlobo(uOol*Abb»,LiiadaD.l«IM-lMO-l:  pnbUoha] 
Hnmu  wd  dnoUo^  OutL  [i.  >M] 

(mOKXLI  or  CUIOHXLXT.  HRHRT  (IMl  T-1M3X 
tRibUriiopafOMmrbiny:  ion  of  ■  yaomuor  Htgtwm 

Farm*,  No-'- — '     -"  -     --  -  ■-  ■   

Wytadum: 

(WleBr,Oii.._ 

floed  in  WkIo,  IMl :  D.O.I..;  nutor  of  St.  SEenben't, 
WaUnwA.  IIM-Ti  ndTOcKte  In  noon  of  uclis;  pre. 
boHluT  at  SaUibiiry.  1N7-14M;  Ti"lFlf— ~i  of  DonB^ 
IStT;  ooon  of  Ab«rB«1Uy.  and  ot  UidiOdd,  1400 :  Tiov 
ot  Odlbmn.  Hampitain,  lOM:  H«hd«iMmi  of  Baliibiin. 
MOI-4;  obuogltoor  ^Uibury,  I4M-1D:  notar  at  UA- 
anibbDi>rMl.iuldo(SliarMan.WUtiUn;  BraytoPocis 
Uumwot  VII.  1401,  aod  tc  Onrn^  XII,  I4DT 1  Uibop  ol 

St.DaTld'i.l4<H(«i(hnaed,  1«1):  mn^  to  f-"- " 

ol  Rh,  liO> ;  nxij  (0  Fmooit  UIO  and  Itlt ;  I 
of  Ouitwbaiy,  UH;  ■  --  " " 


mprayvr  book  Into  Iiiih,  IW-t  ;cDde>*oiir«l 
it«r,  IMT-B :  Bliwnd  In  pi- "Wig  UlrtB'  wHk 
mittt:  onatid  Baron  CU^MMs,  IIU:  n- 
iiBqDencB  of  bi>  maccaiuw  to  nniiK  npn>- 


AltTITDE,  am  Ejl 
.  mpinu)  In  t-be  Iriib  an 
»9  ;   mllt^l  tTfiOpt  B^lnst  Zl 

el  Earl  of  Donegal,  iMJ :  on 

of  Trinity  OoUeec  Dublin. 


;!ST 


compUlon  u 

tnled  nlmlTfly  to 

■■litiirl  Id.  pnninHcn  o( '  Remrdi  u 

maili  In  Brltltb  Ami 


U«piaTlno(i,'l4n ;  bmndsi ooDege and 
Alat  HIgham  Acrn.  IWiapbddla  ODondlths 

-*  "' -r  Mafan  BMiop  Btanfort,  lOi-81 ; 

r  «d*n  tram  Pop*  UaitlD  v,  ■«  get 
ots  Tspsied,  I4lf-8 ;  illshted  by  P^ 
-*:  btDSfacter  of  OaRlerbnrT  Chths- 
3hlob^  ebnt  In  Oiford  Uninnlty  for 
nita :  built  a  bouH  tor  CNjUrolana  In 
'  Od11(«b,  OilOTd,ltfT: 


tta  aoU-iin^  ■» 

Bnganlu  IT,  14SB- 
di^ :  hmndad  tlia  O 
rdkfof  pas  Kodn 
(Moid;  (oondid  A 


oHirrnraR,  thokas  a<oo-i«<},  ota^-kna  k 

Ohaiki  n  jjMga  to  CbarltB  t,  1«41 :  pag*  to  Oitltm, 
pllqoc  of  WilM.  tM(,  atlmdlng  Um  doilBg  U*  axDi: 
biperot  tbcklnji'ilawcla,lMO;  natlnr-votnl  el  Ok 
rvnaau  ol  Um  planUUow,  1S«1,  [i,  Urj 

(imr-iMox  PM*  w 


Obaric*  II  bate 
bla  brathBT-  Tb< 
BdffitUI 


t.,SMl 

_.B    JOHN   (J,    H»l).   r»r-adinlr»l : 

n  tbs  niiTy,  1«U;  knigbCeil.  ItU:  nrred  In 
u,  l«U-«.  In  UnUtvnnHui,  l«aH-7l,  ud  In 
r,  ier*-l;  rau-admlral.  1173;  mmniiHloiiEr  of 
lS7t-n  1  ooauQlulons' ol  Uie  admiralty, IBSl-t 
M.  [I.  Ml] 

S    (l>l*-le»*).    ■n-l-r. 

gnaal  of  tbe  ordnanor "  -•"" — '-    "--'-'■ 
Em  )bnlS,  lUT :  ILF.  1 

by  the  roondlMadi,  IM) :  M.p.  1 , 

kolgbtad,  ItTO ;  maater^Bwal  ot  Ibe  ordnance.  1070-1 : 
kf,P.tar  Cambridge  (own,  167ft-t,  ICU,  ItSB:  lliedB- 
tnn«anC]y,  and  ni  obliged  to  tell  Wimple,  Igsa. 

UUlUHSaTn,  Kmb  or.  [Sm  I^nu.  PRt^crw, 
fbit  Buu„  d,  lltt:  Vnammixr,  Trohas.  aBoond 
IUhi.  1«)7-lt7T;  Pelham,  Tkoku,  nnt  BtRL  of  tbe 
Uilld  creation,  1738-1801 1  Pklhaii,  Thovu,  aicDnd 
BuiL,17Bt-lRM;  Ptlbim,  HcntT  Thohai,  third  Eahl, 
lWi-I88«.] 


reoelTed  Charla'i : 

oloeet-keeper  to  Jam*  H. 

:.  SAU  UBL.  tbe  eUer  ( 17M 


[x.mi 

-iBOTXiockj: 


Jockey  and  tnlns'  .        .._..,... 

Oakt,  178S,  and  tlie  Dortii'.  I78D;  saapaoU^.  „ 

bin  omplayer,  Oeorgi.  prince  of  Walei.  ot  dlaboneat  rtdlng. 
■     ■  -■  jtoWography,  17W  and  1800;  In- 


DT  Oambrldgsbb*.  It 


285 


OHIPFBNDAIiS 


toad  hfaBKtf  to  tMuiktng,  leM ;  •UarmMi  of  London,  1689 : 
knislitai,  IMB:  sheriff,  1690:  kml  mayor,  1698-9;  M.P. 
tefiitj of  Loodon,  1706 and  1706, and  for  Devi»a,  1710; 
•of  Ohrtot^  Hoopltia.  [X.S40] 

FlUKOIB,  «lM  joongw  (1684?-1740X 
of  Sir  FrMwia  Ohild  the  elder  [q.  t.]  ; 

of  FnuMis  Ohild  *  Oo^  17tl :  aldonmui 
Ifll :  aberiff,  ITlt ;  ICP.  for  city  of  London, 
rlCIAdlwn,  1797  and  1784 ;  lord  mayor,  17Sl-t : 

inx  [X.  i4s] 


of 


at 
PI 

■f 


I,  JOHN  (16S8y-1684X  baptirt  preacher ;  bora 
;  artisan  and  b^>ttft  preacher  at  Newport 

■owd  to  London ;  paUiflhed  pamphlets  argainff 
from  the  choroh,  168S ;  hanged  himself ; 
mg^w^AmA  M  a  *  jodgment*  against  apostacy. 

[x.  84S] 

;  Sir  JOHN  (d.  1690X  governor  of  Bombay ; 

of  Sir  Josiah  Child  [q.  ▼.] ;  went  to  India  as  a 

fan  tka  Bast  India  Company's  aerrioe  at  Rajahpnr ; 

to  Smit,  1680 ;  tried  to  supprem  the  Bombay 

;  liH ;  captain^genaral  of  the  ooinpany*B  foroei, 

"naatul  barooflt,  1685 :  remoTed  to  Bombi^,  1685 : 

aathority  over  all  the  oompany'i  potsemions,  1686  ; 

kvolvsd  tbe  company  in  war^  with  Xrangsib,  1689; 
ehsrsed  vttb  tjnucmioal  oondaet  and  want  of  faith  with 
:  died  at  Bombay.  [x.  848] 


■otft 

Itt4: 


OSILD,  Sib  JOBDLH  (16aO-1699X  author  of  *  A  new 
Unoone  of  Trade»*  1668  (4th  edition,  1698):  ion  of  a 
IsDden  Berehant:  naval  store-deakr  at  Portsmouth, 
IM;  myor  of  Portsmouth;  bought  Wanstead  Abb^, 
UTS :  oanted  banmct,  1678 ;  despotic  chairman  of  East 
IdsOamoanj ;  letainsd  power  by  bribing  tbe  court. 

[x.  844] 
ODLD,  WILLIAM  (16067-1697),  musician ;  chorister 
A  Brirtol:  etark  and  asiistant  oiganist  of  Bt.  George's 
Okivd,  Wlsdnr,  1680 ;  Mos.  Bao.  Oxford,  1631 ;  lole 
•paiAof  BL  QoorgeTs  Ohapel,  1684  ;  said  to  have  been 
HwApudst  of  the  Ohapel  Boyal,  WhitehaU :  ejected  by 
thiparitana,  1648 ;  lestored,  1660 ;  chanter  of  the  Obapd 
mil,  Whitehall;  oomposer  to  the  king;  Mus.  Doc. 
Onord,  1668 ;  pobUsbed  twenty  anthems,  1689 ;  much  of 
still  In  manneoript. 


CHZLSBBN,  QBOROB  (1748-1818X  etoetridan  ;  BJL 
Oriel  OoUege,  Oxford,  1768 ;  barrister  of  the  Middle  Temple ; 
banker  at  Tunbridge :  studied  galvanic  dectricity,  1801. 

^^^       [x  849] 

OHILDBBV,  JOHN  OBORGB  (1777-18nx  soientlst ; 
only  son  of  Geoige  Children  [q.  t.]  :  educated  at  Bton  and 
Oambridge;  F.R.S.,  18(17 ;  published  notei  on  electricity, 
1808-15 :  employed  In  the  BritLsh  Museum,  1816-40 ;  trans- 
lated chemical  tracts,  1819-88 ;  studied  entomology. 

[x.  849] 

OHZLSBST,  JOSHUA  (1688-16701  antiqovy ;  derk 
of  Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  1640 :  BJL,  1646 ;  school- 
master at  Faversham,  1648;  M.A^  1661;  prebendary  of 
Salisbury,  rector  of  Upwey,  DorMtuhlre,  and  aitshdeaoon 
of  Sarum,  1664 ;  pubUsbed  two  astrological  tnots,  1658-8, 
and  *  Britannia  Baoonica,'  1660.  [x.  850] 

0HILD6,  CHARLBS  (1807-1876X  head  of  John 
ChOds  *  Son,  printers,  Bungay,  Suffolk ;  son  of  John 
Childs  [q.  v.]  [x.  851] 

0HILD8,  JOHN  (1788-1858X  printer,  of  Bungay, 
Suffolk:  issued  cheap  editions  of  standard  authors  and 
annotated  bibles  ;  a  quaker ;  refused  to  pay  church  rates, 
1836.  [x.  851] 

0EILD6,  ROBERT  (d.  1887X  brother  and  partner  of 
John  Childs  [q.  t.]  [x.  851] 

GEILLSNDEN,  EDMUND  (/.  1656X  author  of 
*  Preaching  without  Ordination,*  1647 :  lieutenant,  after- 
wards captain,  in  the  parliamentary  army.        [x.  868] 

0TTTT.T.E8TEB,  JAMES  (A  1871),  tramdator  from 
the  French  of  *  A  most  excellent  Hystorie  of  .  .  .  Chris- 
tian Princes.*  [x.  858] 

nHTT.T.nfQWOETH,  JOHN  (if.  I860),  mathemati- 
cian :  fellow  of  Mertcm  College,  Oxford ;  wrote  on  astro* 


logy  and  mathematics. 


[x.  858] 


[X.845] 

CHILDS,  SL1A8  (/.  1798-1848X  landscape  painter. 

Ix  8471 

CBUBB,  henry  LANQDON  (1781-1874X  inventor 
«f  teolving  views ;  perfbcted  the  magic  lantsrn ;  adapted 
tki  ysoidiffbt  to  it ;  gave  popular  lantera  lectures  in 
LosioD  andTthe  proTinoes ;  devised  double  lanterns  and 
«Mtft]«  ▼ltwa,iB07.  [X.  847] 

OmOE,  JAMBS  WARBBN  (1780-1868X  miniature 
PiiilBr ;  exhibited  landscapes,  1798 ;  exhibited  miniaturas, 
m-U.  [X.  848] 


JOHN  (1565-1645),  divine :  entered 
Madiant  Tnjlon'  School,  1575 ;  fellow  of  St.  John's  Col- 
ktSiOxted,  U79:  DJ>.,  1608;  beneficed  in  London  and 
;  sevMsteated  as  a  royalist,  1648.  [x.  848] 


."»X 


1,  HUGH   CULLING  BARDLEY  (1887- 

:  BJL  Trini^  OoUege,  Oambridge,  1850 ; 

of  Bcbools,  Melbourne,  1851,  and,  hiter,  secretary 

tosdocation  dspartment  and  emignition  agent  at  port  of 

Mslbeana;  aoditor-genanal  and  member  of  legislative 

mamO,  1858 ;  first  vice-obanceUor of  Melbourne  Uulver- 

sil^;   ooUsctor  of  castoms  and  member  of  executive 

eoaDea,  1853:   member  for  PorUand  in   parliament  of 

Victoria,  1856;  agentgeneral  for  Victoria  iu  London, 

1«7:   M.P.  for  Pootefract,  1860-85:  member  of  royal 

eoBuniHioo  on  penal  servitode,  1868 :  financial  secretary 

to  treasmy,  1865-4 :  appcrfnted  first  lord  of  admiralty  and 

privy  oooncfllor,  1868 ;  resigned  office,  1871 :  cbauoellor 

of  daeiiy  of  Lancaster,  1878-8 ;  secretary  of  state  for  war, 

UBI^8:   prodocad  soeoeMful  scheme  of  army  reform, 

1881 ;  ohanodlor  of  exchequer,  1888-5  ;  M J*,  for  South 

Bdinbargli,  1886 ;  home  secretary,  1886 ;  supported  Glad- 

-      --  " rale  bOL  ^  [Soppl.  I.  488] 


p,  ROBERT  CiBBAR  (1888-1876X  orien- 
:  ciTil  servant  in  C^km,  1860 :  studied  Sinhalese, 
PaA,  aai  Buddhist  sacred  books ;  returnai  to  Englaud, 
1864:  sab-Ubrarian  at  the  India  Oflloe,  1878  :  profeMor  of 
FUL  Uttivcrrtty  (Xdlege,  London,  1878  ;  edited  PaU  texts, 
-74 ;  compiled  the  first  PaUdictionaxy,  1678-5 ;  estab- 
1  the  AryBA  nhaimntw  of  Sinhalwi^  1878-5. 

[X.848] 


OmLLINOWOETR,  JOHN  (d,  lUMX  astronomer; 
feUow  of  Merton  OoUege,  Oxford ;  junior  proctor,  1441. 

[X.  858] 

OmiLINOWOETH,  WILLIAM  (1609^1644),  theo- 
logian ;  son  of  an  Oxford  mercer ;  godson  of  WUUam 
Laud ;  scholar  of  Trinitv  CoUege,  Oxford,  1618 ;  M.A., 
1694 ;  feUow,  1688 ;  one  of  Laud's  Oxford  infonmrs,  1688  : 
disputed  against  Roman  Catholicism  with  *  John  Fisher,* 
Jesuit;  embraced  Romanism  and  went  to  Dooay,  1680; 
returned  to  Oxford,  1681 ;  abjured  Romanism,  1684 ;  vio- 
lently attacked  by  Romanist  writers,  especially  (1686)  by 
Edward  Knott ;  published  *  The  Rdigion  of  Protestants  a 
safe  Way  of  Salvation.*  1688 ;  prebendary  and  chancdior 
of  SaUsbury,  1638 ;  uTOte  affaiust  tbe  Boots ;  with  the 
king's  army  at  Gloucester,  1643 :  taken  prisons  at  Arundal 
Castle,  1643 ;  harassed  by  Francis  Ch^yneU  [q.  v.] 

[X.  868] 

OHILKAEE  or  OHYLKARE,  JOHN  iJl,  1886X 
schoolman ;  M.A.  and  fellow  of  Merton  College,  Oxford. 

[X.  857] 

OHnjnCAD,  EDMUND  (1610-1654),  sometimes  erro- 
neously styled  '  Edward,'  miscellaneous  writer ;  clerk  of 
Magdalen  CoUege,  Oxford,  1685-88 :  M.A.,  1638 :  chaplain 
of  Christ  Church,  Oxford,  1638;  ejected,  1648;  hack- 
writer in  Loudon ;  compiled  a  catalogue  of  Greek  manu- 
scripts in  Bodleian,  1636;  published  translations  and 
pamphlets,  1640-50 ;  composed  songs ;  his  translation  of 
Malalas  was  published  1691.  [x.  857] 

GHIVNERY,  GEORGE  (A  1766-1846X  portrait  and 
landscape  painter  :  exhibited  In  Loudon,  1766  ;  in  Dublin, 
1798 ;  at  Oauton,  1880  :  visited  India ;  pnbUshed  etchings 
of  *  Oriental  beads,'  1839-40 ;  died  at  Macao,      [x.  858] 

OHZPP,  EDMUND  THOMAS  (1883-1886X  composer ; 
eldest  son  of  Thomas  Paul  Chlpp  [q.  v.1 ;  chorister  of  the 
(^pel  Royal,  WhitehaU;  orgauUt  of  various  LoiMlon 
churches,  1843-68 :  professional  vlolinbit ;  Mns.Bac. 
Cambridge,  1859 ;  Mu8j)oo.,  1860 ;  organist  in  Belfast, 
1868-6 ;  organist  of  Ely  Cathedral,  1866-86 ;  pubUMhed 
music.  [X.  858] 

OHZPP,  THOMAS  PAUL  (1798-1870),  musician; 
chorister  (rf  Westminster  Abbey ;  harpist ;  drummer ; 
member  of  London  orchestras,  1818-70.  [x.  869] 

OHIPPSHDAI.E,  MARY  JANE  (1837  7-1888), 
actress ;  nSe  Seaman :  married  WiUUm  Henry  Chippen- 
dale [q.  v.],  1866 ;  at  Lyceum  and  in  America  with  ^ir) 
Henry  Irving.  [SuppL  U.  1] 


OHIFFBNDAIiE 


236 


OHOIiMONDEIiEY 


OHIPPBirBALB,  THOMAS  (>l.  1760),  farnltnre 
niAker,  of  London :  pablished  *  The  Chnitleiium  and  Oabinet 
Maker*!  Diractor/  1762.  [x.  869] 

OHIPPSNDALB,  WILLIAM  HBNRY  (1801-1888), 
actor;  apprenUoed  a»  printer  and  aaotioneer;  appeared 
aa  David  in  *  Rivals '  at  Mootroee,  1819  at  Park  Theatre, 
New  York,  1836-68 ;  appeared  as  Sir  Anthony  Abeolate 
at  Hayniarket,  186S ;  and  later  as  MalvoUo,  Adam,  and 
Hardoastle:  at  Lyceum,  as  Polonina,  1874.  [Snppl.  il.  1] 

OHIBBiniT,  DAVID  (A  1^30).    [See  Ohbrburt.] 

OHIBX,  Lord  of  (1S66  7-US6).     [See  Mobtiubb, 

BOOKR.] 

OHIBSNKALZ  or  0HZ8ZVHALL,  EDWABD  (d. 
1663  ?),  historian :  colonel  in  Oharles  I's  army ;  published 
*Catholike  History,'  1668,  in  favour  of  the  dinrch  of 
England.  [x.  869] 

0HI8H0LM,  iENBAS  (1769-1818X  Scottish  oathoUo 
prelate :  educated  at  ValladoUd ;  tutor  at  Douay,  1786 ; 
pxiest  in  Strathglaas,  1789 ;  titular  bishop  oi  Diocoaarea, 
1806 :  coadjutor,  1806,  and  vioar-apoetoUo,  1814,  of  the 
highland  district.  [x.  860] 

OHIBHOLX,  ALEXANDEB  (1798?-1847X  portrait 
and  historical  painter :  weaver's  apprentice  at  FMerhead ; 
removed  to  Bdinbui^h :  came  to  London,  1818 ;  exhibited, 
1880-47.  Cx.  869] 

0HI8H0LM,  AROHIBALD  (d.  1877),  ofBcer  in  the 
East  India  Company's  service,  1817-46 ;  captain,  1883 ; 
major.  [x.  861] 

0HI8H0LX,  OAROLINE  (1808-1877X  the  emlgranVs 
friend ;  nSe  Jones ;  married  Archibald  Chlaholm  [q.  v.], 
1830;  opened  schools  for  soldiers*  daughters,  Madras, 
1838 ;  opened  home  for  female  immigrants,  Sydney,  1841 ; 
came  to  London,  1846 ;  wrote  on  emigration,  1860 ;  re- 
turned to  Australia,  1864 ;  returned  to  England,  1866 : 
pensioned,  1867.  [x.  860] 

OHIBHOLX,  OOUN  (d,  1886X  medical  writer ;  sur- 
geon in  the  West  Indies,  1796 ;  practitioner  in  Bristol,  c 
1800.  [x.  861] 

OHIBHOLX,  JOHN  (176S-1814X  Scottish  oathoUc 
prdate ;  educated  at  Douay ;  titular  bishop  of  Oria,  1798 : 
vicsr-apoetoUc  of  hlghUuid  district,  1798-1814.  [x.  861] 

OHIBHOLX,  WALTER  (1866-1877),  poet;  a  Ber- 
wickshire sbroheid;  wrote  verses  in  the  local  papers, 
1876.    Poems  by  him  appeared  in  1879.  [x.  861] 

OHIBHOLX,  WILLIAM  I  (<f.  1664^  bishop  of  Dun- 
blane, 1887-64 ;  a  man  of  infamous  character :  aUenated 
the  episcopal  estates  to  his  illegitimate  children,  [x.  868] 

OHIBHOLX,  WILLIAM  n  (d,  1693X  bishop  of  Dun- 
blane ;  coadjutor  to  his  uncle,  William  Ohisholm  I  [q.v.], 
1661 ;  bishop  of  Dunblane,  1664 ;  envoy  for  Mary  Queen 
of  Soots,  1666-7 :  withdrew  to  France  before  1670 ;  de- 
posed, 1673 :  bishop  of  Vaison,  France,  1670-84 ;  monk  of 
the  Ohartieoae;  prior  Ot  the  Ohartrenae  at  Lyons  and 
Rome.  [X.  868] 

OHIBHOLX,  WILLIAM  m  (<f.  1699X  bishop  of 
Vaison,  1684,  In  suocesilon  to  his  unde,  William  Ohis- 
nolm  II  [q.  v.] ;  intrigued  in  Scottish  aAdrs,  1608,  wish- 
ing to  obtain  the  cariJnalate,  in  the  interest  of  the  Scottish 
oathoUcs ;  rector  of  the  Venaissln,  1608-89.       [x.  868] 

OHIBHTTLL,  EDMUND  (1671-17S3X  antiquaiy; 
scholar  of  Cotoom  CbiiaU  College,  Oxford,  1687 ;  M.A., 
1693;  fellow,  1696;  B.D.,  1706;  chaplain  at  Smyrna, 
1698-1708 :  vicar  of  Walthamstow,  Essex,  1708-33,  with 
other  preferment;  published  Latin  verses,  numismatical 
notes,  notes  of  travel,  and  *  Antlquitates  AslaticiB,*  1788. 

[X.  868] 

OHIBHITIiL,  JOHN  db  (d,  1880X  bishop  of  London ; 
rector  <^  Islduun,  Cambridgeriiire,  1868,  and  of  Upwdl, 
Norfolk,  1866;  archdeacon  of  London,  1868-8;  clerk  of 
Henry  III ;  envoy  to  Paris,  1863 :  baron  and  chancellor  of 
the  exchequer,  1864 ;  provost  of  Beverley,  1364 ;  dean  of 
St.  Paul's,  1868 ;  lord  treasurer,  1869 ;  bUibop  oi  London, 
1874-80 ;  his  dnttes  performed  by  deputies,  1880. 


OHIBWBLL,  RICHARD,  the  younger  (1673-1761X 
traveller  *  son  of  Richard  ChisweU  the  eider  [q.  v.] ;  a 
Turkey  merchant ;  traveled  in  the  Bast ;  M.P.,  Oidiis, 
1714 :  bought  Debden  Hall,  Essex,  1716.  [x.  816] 


OHIBWBLL,  TRENCH,  originally  Richard  Muil> 
MAN  (1736  ?-1797X  antiquary ;  son  of  a  Dutch  merolMyit; 
changed  his  name  on  succeeding  to  the  Debden  Ha& 
estate,  1778;  M.P.,  Aidborocigh,  Yorkshire:  coHectsd 
notes  relating  to  history  of  Essex ;  committed  snioide. 

[x.Mi] 

OHITTDfO,  HENRY  ((f.  1638X  Chester  hermU,  1618; 
visited  Berkshire,  Olonoestershire,  and  Lincolnshire. 

[X.  866] 

OEITTT,  EDWARD  (1804-1863X  kgal  reporter; 
third  son  of  Joseph  Chitty  the  dder  [q.v.];  barrister, 
1889;  equity  draughtsman;  published  *  Equity  Index,* 
1831,  and  bankmntcy  cases  Q  ueacon  and  Chitty  'X  1833- 
1889 ;  subsequently  lived  in  Jamaica.  [x.  166] 

OHITTT,  JOSEPH,  the  younger  (<f.  18S8X  special 
pleader ;  son  of  Joseph  Chitty  the  dder  [q.  v.] ;  aotbor 
of  *  Chitty  on  Contracts,*  1841,  and  other  legal  worka. 

CX.J87] 

OEITTT,  JOSEPH,  the  elder  (1776-1841X  le«Bl 
writer ;  special  pleader ;  barrister,  1816 ;  ratirBd  fson 
praotioe,  1833 ;  published  Uw  manuals,  1799-1887. 


rx.S861 
(1888-1 


SIR  JOSEPH  WILLIAM  (18S8-1899X 
judge ;  son  ot  Thomas  Chitty  [q.  v.]  ;  edooated  at  nan 
and  BaUiol  CoUege,  Oxford ;  MIa.,  1866 ;  called  to  bar  at 
Lincoln's  Inn,  1866 ;  bencher,  1876 :  txeaanrer,  18M ; 
Q.Cm  1874 ;  M.P.  for  Oxford,  1880 :  appointed  jostioe  of 
Ugh  court,  chancery  division,  and  knighted,  1881 ; 
justice  of  appeal,  1887 ;  nominated  judge  under  tin 
floes  Act,  1898.  CSoppL  U.  8] 

OHITTT,  THOMAS  (180»-1878X  togal  writer ; 
pleader,  1880-77 ;  edited  standard  law  hooka,  U 
pobllshed  *Chltty's  Forms'  (of  piaettoal  prooeedlngsX 
1834.  [X.  967] 

OHOBZ,  SIR  RICHARD  (<f.  1488  tX  jodge;  pleader 
by  1441 ;  serjeantHit-hiw,  1463 ;  bought  Long  Ashtm^ 
Somerset,  1464 ;  jostioe  of  oommnn  pleas,  1461  tlU  death ; 
knighted,  1464.  [x.  867] 

OHOLXLBT,  HUGH  (16747-1641X  oontroTereiallrt; 
schoolfellow  of  Bishop  Joaqrii  Bbll ;  entered  »»""«*»»"i!l 
College,  Cambridge,  1689;  MJL,  1696;  bencAoed  st 
Tiverton,  1604 ;  canon  of  Bxetv,  1688 ;  pabliabed  *The 
State  of  the  Now-Bomane  (Thordi,*  1689.        .   Cx.968] 

OHOLXLET,  Sir  HUGH  (160O-1667XraynUai:  edn- 
cated  at  Cambridge  and  On^*s  Inn ;  MJr.,  Scarboroqgh, 
1684-6  and  1640;  refused  to  pay  shlp-inonqr,  1618; 
actively  opposed  Strafford,  1640 ;  raised  trao|M  in  Torie- 
shire  for  pariiament,  1648;  fought  haif-bearta^y  far 

?urliament  in  Yorkshire,  1648-3 ;  joined  the  qnasB  at 
ork,  1643 ;  held  Yorkshire  coast  for  Ohaita  I ;  titen 
f>rlsoner,  1646;   withdrew  to  Rouen;  letiiiiwl,  1M9; 
mprisoned,  1661 ;  wrote  an  autobiograpliy,  IBM  (printed, 
i787X  CX.B68] 

OHOLXLBT,  Sm  ROGER  (<f.  1666X  jodge ;  of  Urn- 
coin's  Inn ;  serjeant-at-law,  1631 ;  reuonlsi  of  ^'"^^vn, 
1636-46;  knighted,  1687 ;  M.P.  for  London,  IMf ; 
baron  of  the  exchequer,  1646  ;  commissioner  to : 


the  chantries,  1647 ;  chief-justice  of  klng^  ben< 

ed  Higbgat 


deprived  bv  Queen  Mary,  1663 ;  founded 
mar  school,  1668. 


.te 
CX.MB] 


[x.  864] 
711),  pub- 


OHIBWBLL,  RICHARD,  the  dder  (1639-1 
Usher  at  the  *  Boee  and  Crown,*  PiRnl*B  Chorohyard. 

CX.JW3 


(JHOLXLBT,  WILLIAM  (d,  16S4X  grocer,  of  Londfln ; 
wrote,  1663,  a  polittcal  tract  (first  printed,  18SSX  ontlttBd 
*The  Request  and  Suite  of  a  True-hearted  ignffiirt**»Mi » 

[X.8T0] 

OHOLXOVDBLBT,  GEORGE,  second  Barl  op 
CHOLMONDBueT  (d.  1733X  general;  brotber  of  Hugh 
Cholmondeley,  first  eari  Tq.  v.]  ;  educated  >it  WestDEdnstar 
and  Christ  Church,  Oxford ;  comet  of  liorae,  1686 ;  In 
arms  fbr  Prince  of  Orange,  1688 ;  cavalry  oflUser  at  tiM 
Boyne,  1690,  and  Steinkirk,  1698 ;  hon.  D.0  J*.  Oxfaid, 
1696 ;  major-general,  1708  ;  created  Baron  Newborongh, 
1716  ;  succeeded  as  second  Eari  of  Cholmondekj,  1714; 
general  of  horse,  1787 ;  governor  of  Guemaej,  ITtSL 

Cr.tn] 

(JHOLXOHDBLBT  or  OHOLXLBT,  8m  HUGH 
(1613-1696).  soldier ;  of  (Cholmondeley.  Cheshire :  knfahted 
for  service  in  Sootland,  1648 ;  servea  ■gainst  the  SeolL 
1667 ;  high  sheriff  of  Cheshire.  [z.  SH] 


OHOXJIOKDE1I.EY 


OHRiEimrA 


lT[q.v.l  ix.mi 
I,  JOHII(l«M-irMX  pnbrtsUD  dtTlns : 
mmaa  u  lllfftaul  FrmUud'a  [g.  t J  uadcm;,  USI ; 
M^rlBlu  putor  IB  W»nolmt«T.  ICST-irot :  oondiutal 
I  [mbitalM  dtTlal^  aolltgt  In  lUnalmta',  ItW-irot. 

[».  ir»] 

WTlWia.    (Bk  OHUanuB.] 

■KBBTUM,  IDWABII  (d.  im),  liirnr :  B^, 
Bllohn^  OoU^r,  OuubridBe.  m« ;  (cUovr,  17ao-a  i  b«- 
iMitf  OfH^lBBilTM:  fiitol  CD  slccnit ;  pnlnHHOf 
In  U  OaaMdac  I'M ;  citaM-tiHtlee  of  Ide  o(  Jdr : 


[■,  irM;  BtaM-tiHtlee  ol 


>  BHtb  E<l-  *•]•  coauDuto'  of  tha  lUp  :  lailal  to 
I  avKM  to  biTC  b«a  lo  B^bal,  18«. 

imiur,  an  Hnan  olobrrbt  iiia-umi, 

rini !  wnd.  obkOy  In  MtdlMnuam,  irei-Tl  i 
1,  im;  iviid  In  Wat  India,  ITTl-Sl:  nu^ 
I,  IIM;  biBliMa,  ITM;  cmuiiudier'lii-clilcl  In 
■dl^  ITM,  ulit  Ub  O^k,  int.  [I.  J78] 

mZUM,  THOUAB  (d.  ITM),  tnuulntor  Into 
rijpM  s(  ■Pmdke  Lat;  ITM:  Ttemr  or  Klik 

■,StoD,irT*-M.  [I.  mi 


MMd  bj  the  lu)  poU«j  al  Junai,  ktbiUi  cul  of 
DtrtTOd  HBib  kri  at  Mia:  iwelfiii  bon  bla  bUw 
faJliWT  aatMi^  IWi  mwlVGr-nDBnl  of  Mu.  leta- 
UN;  imdBCid  —"■-"-'—  g(  Huu  Iroopt,  AiuiHt 
lWl.>ant.fcmfD«r>iy(bdiMdri»Oiit.);  bn^u 


Bkignphj'  uid  '  EocjolopiedlA  BrituudcL* 
__.. .__,_j_  ..^ „_,^    .._  i£,^„  „ 

[8npi 
OHSIBTIB,    SAMUSL    HUNTSB   (ITS«-1MIX  BU- 
Ibnutlclu :   xn  of  Juna  UbriiUe  ttia  Mb  [q.  >.]  : 
•ntimi  Trinity  OollcB^.  CSmbrtdmi,  1800 ;  nnod  wniiighr, 
""""■"""    """■  ""   "'  ""  ma  profnur  %%  Waolwl<ih 
;     KIt&.   l«n:    •tolM 
AjutAutiy   Qpon  ttw  compau 
itdcnUflo  joimiKli.    [i,  IM] 
OHBUTIX,  THOMAS  (irel-17H),  poUUisl  writer: 
■todlsd    Bclenn    prtnt^:     atudlnl 
n  (17M)  ud  Edlnbo^ :  oonUlbDlal 

..  to  Un  'OaiUODUi'*  Mugiutiw.'  IIU: 

(lie  'AiulytlcBlRerlew':  miMUialhli  'Wh 
t;sa:  TUtud  Full,  ITM  :  noUlB  ddmoaol 
ttie  Picnch  nTDlnUan,  ITM-l :  leCoTHd  to  Pul>,  ITK  ; 
mote,  for  the  '  NaUoiuI  AjKmMj,'  u  Ei^Uah  toiIod 
of  tbe  »w  Fnmob  omgtltiitlixi :  puloo'  Id  ■  London 
CBrpee  tHtary,  ITS!  ;  dial  nt  Buiouil.  [>.  tU] 

OHUBTIt,  THOUAe  (1TT]-Ig»).pbyilcluii  ala- 
CBlcd  It  Aboilcei ;  Barveon  Lu  the  Kut  lodlft  Oompuij'B 
■rrtoe.  Oorlon.  1TS7-1B10  :  InlroduMd  lucinitloo  Him, 
ISUI :  W.D.  AberdKn,  1810 :  pnotltloner  In  CbeltenhaDi, 
ISlO-t):  pbjridui  dtnciTdlsuy  to  tbc  pHnce  ngvnt, 
ISII;  wrote  on- VMclii«tion[nOsirlon,'lBll,  [i,»I] 
WILLIAM     (1T(8-IS21X     tinlUrlu: 


diploD] 


Lirnted   to    Ametica,   17M;    pobllrihed 
■.1784-1811.  [ll.>BT] 

WILLIAM      DOUOAL      (1S1«-1«T4), 
r,  18«;'M.P„WcjrDoiitli; 


■1  Srrdea'i  wi 


B.A.  Ounbrldee,  IBSB :  burlile 

lS«I-7 ;  entered  tbe  dlpIonwU 

BniU,  I8>»-«1 :  pouiDiied,  184; 

1870;   TloUoktcd  Jobn  Sturt  .      _ 

Abnham  UkT^wd'l  iidterH  ciltlaUm ;  pubUihedk  life  ot 

=" — ,  [I.  J88] 

(jf.  IDM),  nOD  of  Sooucir ;  dugbts  d( 

Sadnid :  bom  in  Hnngarr ;  brooght  to  Bng- 
Osl  to  Bcotluid  wltb  ber  biotber  Badgsr, 


OHBIBnaOK 


«B 


MJ;  lubmittel  to  WUUuo  ttie  Oouqumir;  dbtnlnaj  |  jMiai  Berlin  and  Snilai,  H 
audb  tn  OiloidiUrc  aad  WurwlclnUrF :  naniit  ItomKT.  i  irU;dHikdawii«nli«  wlt)i  HI 
lirapahln.  lOM ;  brouRbt  dp  EJiduytb  (or  UitibU),  Jind  ,  lJt»,  attcc  bs  famhul  thr  ' 
nipowd  her  muriiura  wltb  Uoair!  I,  UW.  [1.389}        lUiDna;  bslucliCillydMlsm 

Dofea  of  KiimtDn.  8  Uanh : 
CHRIBTieOM.  SB  BOBKHT  <i;»7-18Ml,  to.loolo-  r  pnwerls,  Mcmte  I™-  - 
_._..    _■ .    ,..      "iiiHbkiinb;     M.D„    IBlfl;    lionse     fai^unyljj  tin  Data  oil 


Umiaa,  a 


Edluborgb  Inflmur;*  II 


I  AboTietliy,  and  Id  Paris*  uncle] 
ial,  BDd  OrfllA*  tlic  toxicolt^b't 
"■•  biiish,  IBII-JJ;   pljjiloiiin  U 

[<.  S9U] 


□KKIBTIIAB,     OGILARS,   r 
t_il.  liSih  ana  ind  aUtiury:  fstfhI  luneml  moriii- 

tor  xncai  lanl  mtuon'  ibows  bstwun  1610  uid  leSl. 


.  It  St  JobD'i  Oal1i«c  Mill,  UU,  dl  Triulty  Oi>llc««. 
Ouidilidn:  wHUrew  to  LoaTBin.  e.  IM?:  miuUiT  ol 
Tilnlt?  Oolkn  Onmbridgc  UtS:  amtesxir  Is  Qaaai 
Miry;  deu  of  Norwich,  ItM  ;  rwWt  ot  awmitoa  Mor- 
>Kt,  Koifnlk,  IHt :  t  ruitor  □!  UUDbrul«i:  nulvenlt)', 
litJ;  bbbop  ol  Obichuter,  l(lli7:  penesutol  urotaUDU 
la  h^  dSooofl ;  lmpil»rjed  for  viiilFDt  pr^lung,  1S&B ; 
taa(fiet(>ctaTTiiilUrOalJegE,Ouiibrlilge:  tnailAlal  iiiio 
iMttn  Oa  caokdudiHl  blsUnlBiu,  [oar  booki  ot  Pblla, 
ud  otber  Qndt  Htbon.  [i.  Kii 

OSKISTOFHKBSON,  MIOHABL  0*-  Kl').  Bom«B 
datbalic;  dlTlne  ;  uluoiUil  al  Soiiay :  HTOte  *  A  Trestlw  of 
«■  of  BdluiDljie,  lell.         [1. 196] 


[!..»>S1 


OKSISTY,  I 


[>.  Mi] 

CHBYBTAL,  THOUAS  (if.  IIU;.  [Sw  Oiirirr.kLL.] 
CHUBB,    OHARLBS   (d.    1841),    loclouiitb:    Inw 

nongifr  bi  WUiobeiler:  lockmnlUi  at  rorUm  :  lodnlo 

Inn  ut  Cbubb  A  Co.,  LotnloD :  paiculal  I 

OHITBB.  JOHN  (1BI6-IB7I},  muuiLv 
md  ealus :  son  ol  CliatlM  Cbobb  [q.  v.] 
CBDBB.    THOUAB  (I67B-1T47),   (Ids' 


nil ;  BETvaot  lo  ijk  Josepb  Jelnll :  bdpHl  iu  a  UUow- 
cbaiidler'd  bbop  bi  twllflbiiry*  r.  17li^  till  dcbth ;  pabUabfld 
AiisD  IiacU,  IT2e-39,ana  dMiUoal  (laeU,  17U-M. 

[i.  SB7] 

OHUBSBS  or  JTTBBfl  or  SHUBYS.  WILLIAU 
id.  1MM).  itrilcr  (HI  lo^c  ^  li.A.  Pmnlirokc  Hall. Cambridge, 
Um  ;  lelloK  :  DJ)„  U91 ;  lint  quwrter  of  Joiu.  Colhge, 
Oambrldgc  U9)-160S.  [t  MB) 

OHTTDLEIOH.  BUSABETH,  Countess  ov  Bbustol 
(I7W-179S),  cnUliia  bendl  Dutiiiaia  or  Kikoutok  ; 
dnuitliterol  ColoKij^  Tliomiu  Obqaidgb(d.  1TS6) :  bcaa- 
tllTil,  bnt  weak.mUiilBil,  ami  Ulitsimte;  hofHeodrf  bj 
WUUsia  FottHM)',  atlerwaidi  earl  ot  BatJi :  maid  of 
hoDoorto  Aiisfuta,tiHnceia<i(  Walu^t  Ldonler  Bonw, 

iru;  iiiuTfed.MniKI]r,ADK<uliMJobDHem;r<UMIniaut 
coiiecalal  Uilh  aod  datb  of  a  wn,  Sonabtt  1747 :  ob- 
"lUi  0«irgi  11 ;  priTaUly  took  amor  to  eBlabUtb  Uie 
of  Evdjti  Plem^jolut)  KCflUd  diikfl  of  Klu^aUuL,  I7BU ; 


witli  SoiBDtf  rootli 
by  Uia  peen,177A ; 


lOfElnMB'ii 
wUUnvtoOi 


toOikli._      _ 

a«Kj,  WUD  ui  1 "  •  un-me  .AIM  bit  Id  Bdrtol  (£  im), 
ileidarad  nlkl,  ITTT:  TtiiUdlbe  outiui  OaUlotot,  ITTT  i 
Tlfttad  Rome  and  etbtr  capitals  :dM  at  Parti.  [z.lMl 


arCknrgeOiod 

Devonitalre,  IBXt ;  pabllilielTona  uumsm  i-vi-<u. 

CHITDLXIOH.    THOMia   (jl.    1«89),   nlplomaUn 


to  then 


HoUoud,  le7B-B7; 


o  tflmc 


[I.  SOT! 
:  JOHN  (I8fr4-I8BK).  tnna- 
icoT  Di  Lxinics   'in  nouacobla,'  IBTg;  ridst    Hm   o^ 
Ikbard  WilUaia  Oburch  [q.  v.]  [Suppl-  tL  8] 

OBWIB,  JOITN  (167»!-1741),  mialclan  :  cbotltM 
f  Hew  Collh^e.  Oxford :  memner  of  Uia  Obapnl  Roytl. 
e» ;  lay  vlcai  of  Waloiimter  Abbey,  c  ITUO :  poblMbid 
Istrodocticin  to  Paabnody,'  1733.  (x.  MS] 

QHOKOB,  RALPH  (J.  17HZ).  sUtoi  o(  Bpems't 
Fairrygncen.'  1739:  aou  of  John  dinrch  [q.  •.]:  JLA 
ihrtat  Cburcli,  nilonl,  I7S1 ;  lioir  ol  FTrloti  and  BbW. 
.arb.Ox(onl=Li™.  [i.»4] 
:iH  RICHARD  (17»4-]ai3).  llboralor  of 
13th  IlghC  lufaaUy,  ISM) 
-     -  -■'■»,  imt:  a 


OEUSOB, 


CKHBOB. 


major-geieral ;  lappnaHd  b 
fcuCcd  by  tba  BbdJura  tunrv 
KGnanllialBia  ot  Eha  Qmk  li 

"- ■-  "-■-idkiua  of   UioO....      _   .        . ,  _. 

tba  Tur^oatot  Atamanla.  UViptv 

Catol  agalnal  Ralorlug  Martb  OrHa  to  l^Ttey.  Uto-l : 
led  Clie  Gnek  reralntion,  1841;  geiiBal  In  Uie  QnA 
anay,  18M :  Uced  In  nUnDienC  aC  AUieiB.         [i.  KM] 

OHITKOH.  R10HA11D  WILLIjUI  (ISlt-ina),  d«n 
of  81  r»Hl*B:boni  at  Llibou  ;  lltolat  Florence.  Itl*-*; 
B.A.  Wadliam  Collide,  Oilord.  IHIS  ;  fdloir  of  On^  IRW- 

d««id,l9W;  Junior  prmtor,l»44:  one  of  orlginaton  st 
■  Snardlaa,'  IMt :  pitiat,  lUl :  aDCieptol  llviiw  of  Wliat. 
ley.  18H :  adeoC  praaober  at  Oiford.  IMS.  lS;c-S,aiid 
1881-1 :  dean  of  gt  Paol'd,  IBTl-eu :  leading  UODba  ot 
the  high  cbnrch  putf.  A  contributor  to  U»  ■  Ho^iib 
Moiirf  Lettsa'  Kilta.  aod  antbor  of  a  'Rutorj  of  (ha 
Oxford  Monmcnt'  (poiibumoaaly  publlbtiHl.  1891). 

[SnppL  IL  S] 

OHVKOH.  THOMAS  (1707-1766),  coultoretalalijt; 
M.A.  BrucnoH:  CdUc^  Oiford.  17tl  :  I)J>.,  1749 ;  yiat 


K  against  dciam  aod  raetbodlnm. 


CI.JM1 


OHUBOEEY  Sn  OSUBOHILIj 


(lHJ-1806). 
corwpoadal  wlcfi  Johu    Wnley, 
nnclTW'IWH.  [I.  MM] 

UJHED  B.  (ISW-lKToi,  joimntui; 

uittna^ :  proprieUir  of  Oiq  Torklsli  Ktnl- 
I,  ttas  ■  Joide  Hunds' :  publlibeil  TarkU' 
-*«d,  l«f.  [K.  SMJ 

..  ARABELLA  <IUg-17>U),  mliltreQ  I 
1  ,liiu.-lilfr  ol  Str  WlusWu  Chnrpliii.  I 
t^  .  .  ■  .  J  .1  iw,  T  u.  Aime.  diKhB.  of  Yo.l.,t 
]■■  :  hdttaut  wlUi  Juna,  Tram  ItUL  Uj  wBan  ibe  tud 
t«v  ■■■  ADd  two  dAogtitm ;  psulaiHa ;  nunicd  OoUmel 
CtartaOiHifnT'  ['.fin 

(d.  irwi  bookMlls  Md 
hli  bnt^  Jcilm  it  the 


zsx,'; 


■pluml  Coik  oul  I 


paUl^ir  in  partocnhlp  w 


[X.  *J7] 

CKAKLXB     {IftW-mt),     imsvl; 

ymiMB  MO  If  iBr  Wtauton  dmnhiU  [q.  i.] ;  of  Hie 
liiimiliiiil  rf  Cbrtitlu  T  <(  Dauurk.  ud  of  Prinm 

-^     -  -  Id  ill  InUod,  iraa;  foogbt  st 

'°M^^'w™S;S*°rrm*?fi^     torin":  l«t  bb   onlf    nu.  Ptbimrr  17OT:  oneDad  bli 


jeouri,  18M:T0Mwitl.  "ti 

^^''b.^'lnw''ta™r: 

QOI    Ol    UM 

DnkB 

ol  aknmler  (d.    UOu), 

««a'^    mtomi   lo  bi( 

niud.:    cooClnW   to    ™ 

e    »llji 

th*   lortw. 

a,  3. 

dUH  iDio  powM-  dn  AniH'i 

1701 ! 

lUMkT-flBiaal  of 

rmttaiot  <nr  wlUi 

l»yi<l  b)r  UMupUnoi  of 

bam. 

July   IJM;   took  Vtnloo, 

SqXanba 

ud    RUr 

■od    Uigt,   Odoba    IIM 

r™3 

IMta   .rf 

Uwi- 

Di^il^^  nlhli!?*  'n™  loofc_r,inibdr?,  Sentembcr  irw ;  appoB)  br  Uk  ninoi* 
ilctlie  vhlKi:  nnaadsl  tbe  Dntcb  to  imt  loa 
■[ti  on  tbF  MnMlf^  ITM;  tnHltmd  big  mnj  to 

„     ,^    ^  ^,       ,     ,     ,       ,■„.■, 1:  irtMd  Prtnoe  »igenc  Jiim  IIW  :  fOrood  tba 

'  "^^  ^SS^  "^  'Apolow.  l'«l:  SchdlmboB,  J  July  ;  cnnbed  Uh  Fnodi  add  DanrtuH 
to  Jolm  WUkca :  HtirlBl  uUion  uid  .t  Blenhdm,  IS  Aur.  ITM :  unuund  Icr  ■  asipiten  on 
I ;  dtad  St  Bmlcigiii ;  bia  ooUscted  works     th,  ^ilaeUe  in  ITOl  -  Tisltad  Bolln  '  ontid  ftSae  of 


[I-  sw]         

FLBKTWOOD    (laoe-mB).    abats-     Woodrtock  V 


Uda ;  knimtiogd  to  ■  KoMngbtm  ^lyMcilui,  1831 :     U-Oed  lo  pcnude  tlie  Dotcb  tsd  Otrmuia  to  aupport 
iHbdta  LoDdon,  DnbUs.  Piiii».  tod  miabuigb ;  MJ3.     tsToaHte pl»n  gf  InTmdiiip  Pnp™ br  the  H«<l)^  Ap] 


>;  inndedBnbut,Ja)y  ttot:  inin  tt 
■  --  rKltidTkdl 


ApiO- 


, . mkdwita?  ;   ■  itnmg     by  tbe  Dutcti  gmenl,  Slangmbog ;  Tliltad  TkdH,  Ber- 

«<  Ik*  VlMafMl  obDRb  bi  Inluid.     (i.  119]         Un,  ud  Huonr  in  aid(r  to  pxif)' tb«  ullle* :  oppond  tt 

i™...,;'!"'-  _  ?'™»™' ;  to  ondertake  ■  amn^  in  Ite^,  AprU  17U«  ;  cTu.b«d 
le  Treucb  mt  Bimllliv,  Hiy  ITM ;  ocsopLud  Bmnids 
atwerp,0>taid,t»l  other  (oraw«,Msy-OctoberinM: 
iDfnnitcd  by  greitt  jealouny  bvtwwn  tbc  T>ntf  b  khI  the 
npenir,  vhLcb  wu  fomentai  by  LoulH  xrVi  orertdrcfl ; 
nkeiied  by  UieKioviLig  Inauebceof  the  vhigett  booK: 
j~  b^su  Id  loHC  Aune'a  good  will  ;  psualoiied  by  purlluiiedt  : 
■u  ^iM..^  /i.~~.  _i  rw.~J2ir     rtiltftl  the  Kleotor  of  Hinom,  Cb«rle«  XII  of  aw-eden. 

^"b^h^^^^Tp^     «>itheki»«ofl-ru«^W.,-d»erWbj.tbe™p™r. 

;  KP.fc.  Bt.AIhu»,  170Wl,'rSl.ter  for  PoS     SjS.^^eT".^''^  flei'SSSll^h^ 
1  JOHN  {d.  I 


bKolnd  in  Uu  bltt«r  pi 


(IMO-lTi 


„ ._.  Pretender'"  Bltemptol 

J  by  tlie  luUne*  of  the  thlim, 

FiHjcb  It  Oudmude,  July  17M : 

'•i%'  'SSn™"™™"  "^  ■  Tf^i"  look  LiU«  »«i  Ubeat  Dumber  170* :  lookp«l  in  .bortln 

mraimiKL,  WHN.  InlDim  or  Hahlbobocqu  opportanlty  of  c]«1ii«  tbe  war  on  reuoiuble  terau :  look 

(l*W-inihddirtHiTiTlii«nD0fairWLn!itonOliurablU  I^uniy;  ht  ittKik  ou  th<  Fmch  it  Mftlploqact  d» 

' .] :  ednraitiJ  >t  SL  Pwl'i  Bobool :  fkronille  of  the  liycd  by  the  ■JUet,  ud  Um  rictory  dearly  boi«bC  in  con- 

im — ^^i r ^..^.    .„.  ^         .  ,eqaence,llSept.  1TO»  [  took  lloiii.  OotobwlTOP;  ooto- 

.    ., , pleteljlMt  Ai      ■       --      ■" ■  '■-  ■--■- 

faat,Un;>VTidiBPluikn,lg7*-7;coloDellnFreuchHr-  Ufa;  stleiulal , 

>ta^l(Tt:eolaHlotIoot,  Pebnury,  IB7e :  nwrrtal,  ISIH,  Febmuy  I71U:  pernelv^tta 

" — "■  ' ' —  '-••  OmncHlu.  SiRAH] :  eutoy  to  tbe  moooraged  yrwice  lo  Donliii>^  -wi 

_-  ud  ofEercd  to  Here  ODdei  bim,  LO?S  i  paifln  iu  April  -,  todk  Ddluv  and  tf 

_, .-mIXikt  o(  Yorktd  Halluid,  Un, and  to  ■- " 

■eoUud,  len-81,  leUae  h  latDt  between  tlie  duke  tad 

Clwrtai  O  :  mailed  Bann  Ohnrdiill  at  ArOKHitb  hi  the  < 
SmMfh  paBHB,  im  ;  oolmMrof  Uh  let  dracooiu.  IGM ; 

mnr  M  LMdi  ZIT,  ICU:  maWd  Baim  Ohorcbill  ot  i 
Eaadridca  in  the  Bogllib  peerage,  ItU ;  ebW  liutni 
■■  cr^faaK  MoiuiiiiGth'e  nbdllon,  July   1«U :  n 


d  ild^Hy  to 


171S  ;  loflt  bis  territory  at  Mlnde 


I :  returadl  to  Knglind.  Aagutt  17 


tta  Pitea  a(  Onai*.  M  Not.  IWS;  oni^iTadiD  quletliig     tell  Into  lenUe  deny,  171S. 


tuna  aod 


obubohHiIi 


OSUKOHIU.,  J 


liravc  up  tbc  rtUil  tndc,  18(4  -.  iaiuol  molLoftl  Icit-books 
uxl]oarulBiilIcrlU7.  [i.  Ml] 

ORinwHILL,  JOHK  WdSTDN 
StjEi  or  UiBLBoBounu  <  im-iesi),  poll  tl  dtc 


n,  18S*-«,  lod  Oifoid,  It 


1l»dakidoai,lUr;  loid-ilenn]  of  llichoUKbold.  IMS: 
loid-liMtauatDf  Iidud.  leW-BQ.  [i.  Ml] 

OHnsoaiu.,    bandolph   henry   spkscbr, 

winD»iil>'  kooKniuLonu  RixruLrii  CnuKCHiLi.  <]S4>- 
IBM),  FiaWsnMn :  Iblrd  Hja  of  John  Wlniton  Spmoot 
Cliuiclilll.  >li[U]  duke  Hi  MiilboRMgb  [r).  v.] ;  educataUt 
KloD  ud  Mcrtoa  Colli^B,  Oilonl  1 B A.,  IHTO :  auierntiTF 
M.F,  lor  WailillUlclc.lS74  tui  1880;  Btlnoted  BtUuUou 
1)]'  stuck  on  t^iibDidlDitta  monbiin  Df  DltneU  gonni- 

■Ivc  toryiiu,  rutUlel  bj  81I  H*dij  Dnummnil  Wolff, 
It  John)  0«nt,  ud,  acruioD*lly.  Vr. 


opeoT  gettln^allitJe  moDFjfDT  thedrdUsUon;  hkibfln- 
nown  nicca  ire  -  ElKHT'i  WUe.'  ItU.uid 'Tbe  WoRhJ- 
«of  W»1h!,'16S7.  U-»4H 

OKUBTOK,     BDWARD     (18(I9-1I«74), 


^  1^°  cbhsi''ci.i.i^iJ°o.'rori  ■  ■m"aTiS4''SS^ 

lftM-T4 :  pubUilKd  -  KoUa  on  tt.e  Buqoe  Cbnrcbea '  tad 

IMS :  wrote  poenu  >ud  worki  on  AogUcu  Uiwlogy  ukl 
eburch  butory.                                                   [».«"! 

CXnsnm.  HALPH  |17M-l83l).M0Rnpber:  mtcnd 
wider  Howell,  dean  at  St,  P»al'*,  uid  otben.      [..  »4I) 

CatTKTOH.  Vfn,L 
Uilrd  «d  ol  lUlpb  Clm 

..  lSH;hL'Bam.liui 

bin*  cW 

■prltmul. 

>.18U-«,dDiiiiBwblal)  poiodtbe 

""  -'-■-  -xaunitj oppoecd  Brifrbt  in 

n  aCiIeefkOD  at  188*.  ud 
'  m  \  oppoied  bofne  rule 
(oD.  18H ;  sbanoeUorof 


on  Um  pobHo  piUH  (uda  bf  UiomloiiUiti 
lor  Ibe  umj  uid  Mnr;  wddivt  LIUI.  Dimbrl-ltte. 
1881 ;  traTdled  for  bsllli  and —  -  "— ■■  ■  '-'- 


l»],udadDl(lbatdM 
(poblUHd,  IBM,  u'Un.  bu«, 
Aints');  iHleclsl  tsi  SonUi 
Ivked  boDK  [Ule  MU  wd  Ur.  < 
biU  ;  died  o(  general  pnraljBli. 

LL,  SARAH.  DiTC 


[SgppUii.BT' 


lij. 

lit*  IJUi  went  mbrond.  ITU;  after 

dcalb  in  Uit  plonnd  into  famll:r  qoanebi 
u :  at  Utter  lend  wllb  Sir  Robert  Walpolr  : 
oin  of  berUle,  publiilwd  ITil.  [i.  tie] 

[R  WINSTON  (ieM!-ies8).  poiiu- 

-KggG,  ISSi-J;  pubUelied 

CHOKflHTABD,    THOMAS    {16WJ-iaMi;"^iSil- 

wandrrini;  Bfe.  partly  an  a  soUitr  in  ScotlaDd,  Ireland, 
Fmim,  aod  Uk  Low  Oouulclu,  puHy  ■■  a  lnuiacr-iiti  ol 


printed,  1830.  [I.  Mr] 

OHUTZ  or  OHBWT.  ANTHOKY  (d.  1(1(7).  [aieti 
aUomer'n  clerk :  poaiiblj  pamtf  with  tbe  Porcngml  ex^ip. 


tn  ohuoeiT;  maab  BDplajiid  aa  rnaUal  earn 
bowtt  Uh  Tyna,  HampaUn.  IW:  ilictad 
Mtd^eKi,  1IH,  bin  wia  erdudid  ;  JIS.  tor  ) 


H.P.    lOT 

lUdlawK, 

;  •pakD'.  17  Jan-O  Uanh  1U>.  {i.  148] 

[,  SiiVT  (Il(-Me),  of   OlDamacDOl  ;  cott- 
on i  acau :  Bpelt  aUa  Eejran.  Eitran.  a>d 
D  Uliter  refugee :  edocatad  b;  H, 
-■---'--i   aonoiaclioU,    MS,   and 


(HBBXK   d 

iroox  «  ■. 

brought  to  England  bj  John  Si 
■bore  tlie  sDotb  door  of  St.  raul'i 


IT  ihe  PHoee  of  Orang' 


I;  known  ai 'Ur.Otdlv' i  plajnl 
miner  parte.  IMl  i  hdlM  bi  tnged*,  bit  mada  a  goed 
luprainon  In  eomed^  im--4 :  bnooiil  cat  hia  flnt  plaj. 
'  Loitfa  Iwt  Shift,' 1«M :  noosnlMd  u  tba  kadli«  Hrtor 
of  oetHttfto  etaaraotoa,  1887-lfU;  bfoi^t  out  Bmiv 
thirtr  dnmatle  pteBia,  I«n-1T4S.  IndodlBS  nnral  nnart 
ODmollM:  obUlDed  a  DToatable  ahare  In  the  mamcsBnt 
o(  Dnrj  Lane.  e.  ITll.  and  beld  It  bi  iplta  0(  tb*  madil- 

'  a  play  dltectod  agaloat  the  Jacobllen  ;  llercMj  attackHl 
I  by  oUier  urlleri  on  hU  appointment  aa  poet  laureate. 

appmred  at  iniervaJ>  UU  I'M:  puhllibnl  au'aulobte- 
mphT  entltkd  ■Apolwj  lor  the  Life  of  OoUey  Clbhsr. 
Oomedlan,^  1740,  two  letters  to  Pope,  IJtt-i,  a  poor  ^CTha- 
!  racier  -  ^  -  of  Otocrv.'  1747,  aivl  eoine  WDltblfVfl  oflnnal 
oift ;  mide  by  Pope  tbe  hero  of  tbe  'Dvndad' (11411  The 
UUe  of  tlic  chap-book, 'CtiilcyOUiber'i  Jeati,' ITGl,  •hnii 
hia  notoriety.  [l  1M] 

OIBBXR.  eUSAKN'An  UABIA  (I'tl-ITMXactTaH: 


CrtBBSB 


241 


OTiATlB 


<pam  ftt  the  Haymarkett  1738 :  first  appeand  in  tngvdjr, 
i7M :  highly  flsteoned  m  a  Tooalift,  both  in  oratorio  and 
capeeial  faTonrite  with  Handel;   failed  in 
failed  in  tngedjr  till  she  tbook  off  tbe  old- 
style  of  dnylamatkin :  acknowledged  as  a  power- 
ful txaicedlan. 


17fS 


1744 :  Joined  Oarrick's  company  at  Drory 
wrote  a  comedy,  *  The  Oracle,*  175S. 

[X.  869] 

THEOPHILUS    (1708-1758),  actor    and 

of  CoUqr  Gibber  [q.  t.I;  edacated  at 

;  lint  aroeared  on  Uie  stage,  17S1 ;  oontinaed 

Tmriooe   Lradon   theatras   with  aaccees,  till 

atDoblin,  1748 :  published  a  life  of  Barton 

on  Theatrical  Sobieota,*  176e,  a  few 

1780-67,  and  pamphlets.    *UTes  of  the 

wMch  has  Gibber^  name  on  the  title-page, 

iMfff'T  eompUed  by  Robert  Shiels  [q.  t.]     [x.  8«S] 

Saxxt  id.  697),  apostle  of  Franoonia :  com- 

ted   OB  8  July :   spelt  also   Kilian,   Ohillianns, 

and  QoUlianos:  bom  in  Oavan;  a  bishop  in 

,t  to  Franoonia,  e.  689 ;  martyxed  at  wUrx- 

[X.  868] 

LVO  (d.  9i7),  bislu^  of  Llandaff;  given 

for  the  dinrch  of  Lhmdafl  by  Broohmael  [q.  v.], 

king  of    Owcnt;    exoommonicated  Brochmadi;    taken 

prlMoer  by  the  vikings,  918,  bat  ransomed  by  Badward 

xhtSder:  his  name  spdt  in  modem  Welsh,  C^elliawg ; 

■opinied  by  some  to  be  Saint  Cyfelaoh.  [x.  864] 

OIPIIAVI,  QIOVANin  BATTISTA  (17S7-1785),  his- 
totied  painter  and  engraver ;  bom  in  Florence ;  went  to 
BfOBc^  17S0 ;  came  to  London,  1766 ;  taught  drawing, 
17H:BLA^  1768;  exhibited,  1769-88;  a  prolific  book- 

[X.  864] 


BIOHARD  OF  (d.  1401  ?X  ohro- 
ridar;  monk  of  St.  Fieter's,  Westminster,  1866 ;  visited 
Jndsm,  1191 ;  ratomed  to  the  abbqr :  compiled  *Speca- 
lan  Hlrtofiale,*  447-1066  aj>.  ;  wrote  other  works  now 
list  Qbeiks  Bertram  [q.  v.]  fathered  on  him  a  famous 
iamr,  *  Be  slta  Britannia.'  [x.  866] 

aLAOETT,  HIOHOLAS,  the  elder  (1610  7-1668X 
P«ilui;  entered  Merton  OoOege,  Oxford,  1638;  UJL 
UfUm  Han,  1684;  vicar  of  Melboanie,  Derbyshire,  c 
M»:  pseacher  at  Bury  St  Bdmonds,  1644-68 ;  pobUshed 
'lb  Abase  of  God's  Grace,*  1669.  [x.  866] 

CLAOXTT,  NICHOLAS,  the  younger  n664-1727X 
muliom  slelisr :  son  of  Nicholas  Olagett  the  coder  [q.  v.] ; 
4aested  at  Norwich  and  Oambridge :  DJ>.,  1704 ; 
MMbcr  at  Bury  St.  TMmnrais,  1680-1787;  rector  of 
»atiow  Parva,  Norfolk,  1688 ;  archdeacon  of  Sudbury, 
IM;  rector  of  Hitcham,  Suffolk,  1707 ;  published  pam- 
pkta,  1688-inO.  [X.  866] 

QLAGRT,  NICHOLAS  (<f.  1746),  bishop  of  Exeter ; 
KB  of  Nicholas  Clagett  the  younger  [q.  v.] ;  D.D.  Gam- 
Mdge ;  desn  of  Boehester,  1784 ;  bishop  of  St  David's, 
im ;  translated  to  Bxetcr,  1748.  [x.  366] 

OliiRT,  WILLIAlf  (1646-1688X  oontroversialist ; 
iidert  sen  of  Nicholas  Olagett  the  dder  [q.  v.] ;  entered 
temaaad  CbOege,  Oambridge,  1669;  IfJL,  1667;  D.D., 
108 :  pnacher  at  Bury  St.  Bdmnnd*s,  1678-80 ;  preacher 
•tOrsf^  Inn,  1680,  and  at  St.  Michael  Bassishaw,  1686 ; 
neisr  of  Fambam  Boyal,  Buckinghamshire,  1688 ;  pub- 
Bihed  treatises  against  nonconformity  and  Bomanism, 
UB9-9.   His  sennons  appeared  poethnmously,  1689-1780. 

[X.  367] 

OLAOexr,  OHABLBS  (1740  7-1880  ?X  musician  ;  in 
the  orebeetia  at  tbe  Dublin  theatre,  e.  1766 ;  came  to 
LoDdoo,  1776:  patented  musical  inventions,  1776  and 
17M ;  visitad  by  Haydn,  1798  ;  published  pamphlets. 

[X.  368] 

CLAZIMONT,  CLABA  MABT  JANE  (1798-1879). 
etflad  herself' Cl^ie* ;  dau|riiter,by  a  former  marriage,  of 
Xsry  Jane,  seoond  wife  of  William  Godwin  :  accompanied 
Man  Godwin,  her  step-tister  (1814).  in  her  elopement  with 
aMOiy ;  became  intimate  with  Lord  Byron,  1816 :  with  the 
fiaOm,  foOowed  Byron  to  SwitMrland ;  gave  birth  to  a 
JiflfiM,  AQeipm,  at  Birth,  January  1817 ;  accompanied 
tteflfcJiyi  to  Italy,  1818 ;  her  daughter  taken  from  her 
by  Byiw,  1818,  and  placed  in  a  convent  near  Bavenna, 
Ittl ;  letwuess  in  Russia  and  Italy  ;  resided  in  Paris  and 

~  ix.  869] 


GLANBRA88IL,    first    Baron  (1788-1870).      [Sse 

JOCKLTN,  BOBKRT.] 

GLANOABTT,  fourth  Barl  or  (1668-1734).  [Sse 
UacGartht,  Donoor.] 

GLANOABTT,  seoond  Earl  of  the  second  creation, 
and  first  Viscount  of  (1787-1887).    [See  Trsncb,  Bi- 

OHARD  LB  POER.] 

OLANEBOTS,  first  Viscount  (1559-1643).  [See 
Hamilton,  James.] 

OLAHNT,  WILLIAM  REID  (1776-1860X  inventor 
(1818)  of  a  mining  safety-lamp  ;  educated  in  Minbnrgh  : 
M.D.,  1808 ;  practitioner  at  Bishops  wearmouth  ;  published 
medical  tracts.  [x.  870] 

OLAKBIOABDB,  fifth  Earl  of  (1604-1657X  [See 
BUROH,  Uucx  DR.] 

OLANWILLIAJi,  third  Earl  of  (1796-1879).  [See 
IfSADR,  Richard  Oborob  Francis.] 

OLAPHAM,  DAVID  (d.  1551 X  translator  (1548-6}  of 
GomeliuB  Agrlppa ;  LL3.  Cambridge,  1688 ;  practised  at 
Doctors'  Commons.  [x.  871] 

OLAPHAM,  HEN(X)H  (Jl.  1600X  theological  writer  : 
pastor  of  an  English  congregation  at  Amsterdam,  1596-8 ; 
pastor  in  London,  1608 ;  imprisoned,  1608-6 ;  possibly 
vicar  of  Northbourne,  Kent,  1607 ;  published  devotional 
and  doctrinal  treatises,  1596-7,  tracts  a^aiinst  schismatics, 
1600-9,  and  tracts  on  the  pla^rae  of  1608, 1608-4. 

[X.  871] 

OLAPHAM,  SAMUEL  (175fr-1880X  divine ;  M.A.  Gam- 
bridge,  1784;  vicar  of  Great  Ousebum,  Yorkshire,  1797 ; 
vicar  of  Christ  (^hurdi,  Hampshire.  1808 ;  rector  of  Qns- 
ssge  St.  Michael,  Dorset,  1806 ;  published  sermons  and  mis- 
cellaneous works.  [x.  878] 

OLAPOLS,  EIOHABD  (A  1S86X    [See  Olapwkll.] 

OLAPPSBTOK,  HUGH  (1788-1887X  African  explorer ; 
cabin-boy,  1801 ;  pressed  for  the  navy ;  midshipman ; 
served  in  the  East  Indies,  1808-18,  and  in  Oanada,  1814- 
1817 ;  placed  on  half-pay ;  travelled  in  Nigeria,  1888-6  ; 
commander  R.N.,  1886 ;  travelled  again  in  Nigeria,  1886- 
1887 ;  died  near  Sokota.    Accounts  of  his  travdis  were 

Subllshed  by  his  companions  Dixon  Denham,  1886,  and 
lehaid  Lander,  1880.  [x.  878] 

OLAPWXLL  or  KNAPWZLL,  RICHARD  (M.  1886X 
Dominican;  spdt  also  * Olapole * ;  DJD.  Oxford;  wrote 
on  scholastio  tneology  ;  condemned  for  heresy  by  Francis- 
can primate  (PeckhamX  1886,  and  Franciscan  pope 
(Nicholas  IVX  1888  ;  withdrew  to  Bologna.       [x.  874] 

OLABS,  Earls  ov.  [See  Clark,  Richard  db,  first 
Earl,  d.  1090  ? ;  Glare,  Gilbert  db,  seoond  Earl,  d. 
1116?;  Glarb,  Richard  db,  tliird  Earl,  d.  1136  7; 
Clark,  Roobr  db,  fifth  Earl,  d.  1173  ;  Glare,  Qilbbrt 
DB,  seventh  Earl,  d.  1880 ;  Glare,  Richard  db,  eighth 
Earl,  1888-1862 :  Clare,  Gilbert  db,  ninth  Earl,  1848- 
1896;  Glare,  Gilbert  db,  tenth  Earl,  1891-1814; 
Hollbb,  John,  first  Earl  of  the  seoond  creation,  1564  ?- 
1687 :  H0LLB9,  Johh,  seoond  Earl,  1595-1666 ;  Hollrp, 
Gilbbrt,  third  Earl,  1688-1689 ;  Hollbs,  John,  fourth 
Earl,  1668-1711:  Pslham-Hollbs,  Thomas,  first  Earl 
of  the  third  creation,  1698-1768 ;  FrrzaiBBON,  John,  first 
Earl  of  the  fourth  creation,  1749-1808.] 

OLABS,  Vif«couNT8.  [See  O'Brien,  Daniel,  first 
Viscount,  1577  7-1663:  O'Brien,  Daniel,  third  Vis- 
count, A  1690;  O'Brien,  Cuarlbr,  fifth  Viscount,  d. 
1706 ;  O'Brdsk,  Charles,  sixth  Viscount,  1699-1761.] 

OLABS,  DB,  Family  of  ;  took  its  name  from  the 
manor  of  Glare,  Suffolk;  founded  by  Richard  de  Clare 
(<f.  1090  ?)  [q.  v.],  who  followed  the  Gonqueror  to  Eng- 
land, and  was  son  of  Gilbert  (d.  1039X  count  of  £u  or 
Brionne,  and  grandson  of  Godfrey,  a  bastard  of  Richard 
(<f .  996  )  *  the  Fearless,*  duke  of  Normandy.  Richard's  son, 
Gilbert  de  Glare  (<l.  1115  ?X  [q.  ▼•]<  conquered  lands  in 
Wales.  From  him,  by  his  elder  son,  descended  the  Earls 
of  Hertford  or  Glare,  and  by  his  younger  son  the  Earls  of 
Pembroke  or  Strigul.  The  bouse  attained  Its  zenith  in 
Gilbert  de  Clare  (d.  1830)  [q.  v.]  Tbe  male  line  ended  In 
Gilbert  de  Clare,  tenth  eari  [q.  v.]  The  dukedom  of 
*  (Clarence*  created  1368,  when  the  tenth  Earl's  grand- 
nieoe  married  Edward  Ill's  third  son  Lionel  [q.  v.] 

[X.  876] 

B 


of  EUotuanl,  Hcond  (srl  at  VMa ;  (3) 


irgb  (d.  1118),  Kn 

l)TbKit>^iLti«<iD 


[».  »T«] 


OLARE,  OILBBRT  DI  (d.  Ill*  tX  I . 

orHliiliuddeCliin(<f.Ii)M}TKq-T.];  trial  loboldTnn- 
brtdgs  Outla  agitiut  Rofni,  lOM ;  In  lUatduug  on 
BhIqi,  1100^  Mid  on  Hau;  1, 1101 ;  cdnqnind  Oudlgu, 
llO/orllll.  [«.»"] 

OLIKI,  aiLBBRT   DR,  maitta  Barl 


itrn.li: 


r.  1117: 


l«»:Btt<ulHlHair;lII 

OLAKX,  OILBBRT  D^  cdlnl  Uis  ■  Da),-  nintb  Bihl 
or  Cure,  Hrmtb  Eihl  or  HrrttorD,  idI  dgbth  Karl 
or  QLaDcnTiR  (llU-ltMi  »n  ot  Riebuil  de  01m, 

t\gbtb  mrl  fq.  T.l '--■  ■■■ ■ ■  "- —  "■ 

IMl;  fDooeeded  to 

atL  of  BlMwia  to.Mnoe  Wi 

OotolMr  IMl:   In  i ^ 

Jcwi  of  Omtiabtaj,  ISM 
' 1,   1»M: "-•  ■ 


uwa,  IIM;  Dunrils! 
1«4 ;  protMtad  tbg  tm 
tbt    WtUh    mucba,    1 


.  loliMd  PifDoa  BdWHd, 
■nd  pnrenUd  Dg  KonUoit  tnm  noring  tlia  Snon : 
i.^  i.__, .  „ — u.-^  Angort  ini:   Joined 


I,  ISHi  obMned  Uw  k 

IWnhiritad  bunni,  1>T1 :  dl 

w  117} :  dlnrod  Ml  Bnt  »lt«,  in  (i 


igprinil 


Wain  br  a  natln  rlilng,  IIM. 

OLAax,   aiLBBRT    ni 
•labth  Karl  or  HnTroHn. 

CKSTDt  (INl-llMX  *«■  d(  Qllbcrt 

S"  .v.l;  ward  o(  Ralph  d«  Me-"  — 
Bdwanlll  ■  ■     - 


t«ntb    Hahl   or  Our^ 
Olan, 


1806 1  wnto  aong* ;  k«pt  dlmlatt  oompiinir ;  mUlUaman 
Rt  OuDdH  IBI' '  ■  Tagrant ;  tiniBA  pnposal  to  print  hit 
noana,  181T;  pnbUilwd  Ua  lint  roliuns,  ISM:  riglled 
Lnidoo.  ISIO,  ten,  ISM.  IMS :  falM  as  a  farmer,  laiT 
and  im  :  In  oontanC  ponrtj,  alUuMgU  balding  annal- 
tl«  ot  W.  a  mr  ;  bMUW  ImbHllc,  IMT;  pnblUlud 
'Pamrn  ...  of  Rural  Ufa,' law,  "Tbe  Tlltags  Mlmtrel,' 
1811,  'Sbgphml'i  Caloular,'  ISIT,  uid  ■  Tbs  Runl  Moat,* 
leu.  [X.  384] 

rajlM,  oaBKRTp«(^nMX  Saglologtet:  monk 

I'lrn  of  SalnU 
[I.iw] 


OLABG^ 


(lUT-itra),  nvalM :  lombt 
>1  ;  Imnowlibed  by  tbe  <dil] 

K  (d.  10«r),  tODDds  ot  Ua 

famll;  ot  de  Olan  [q.  t.];  known  ai  Ricbard  FltaODlMI 
—  Richard  ot  TonbrldgB ;  nednl  eaUts  in  Boflolk  a^ 
nti  chM  JBitlclar.lOTI;  In  attodaaoe  OD  William  I, 
»»-l.  [I.W] 

OLABX,  RIOHARD  DK  (d.  IIMTX  aoD  oi  QUbatt  da 
>n  (d.  1111  ?)  [q.  T.] ;  peritapr  tbe  tint  to  m      ' 


cnatlona);  aald  to  ban 
PriDeeH  liatUda  to  Ob 
UiRMBl  Dennoa  [h  Mj 

Rn,  «ldatt  dangbter  oi 


ir  HIOHARD  STRONaBOW, 

•IgHd  tbetnsty  of  Wist- 
mSa  tl:c  llcle  (out  ot  Blepbai'f 

ij,  lies ;  Induced  bj  tbe  dfr 


d  Dnblln,  Bep- 


to  wotUe  Henry  Il'e  taaloiay  bfoStrfng  blm  bbi  Iriib 
conqnau,  llTl :  controntal  b;  an  Irlab  t!ili«  m 
Dermct'i  datb.  Llfl :  defeated  Roderlc  <yCaaDor  at 
Dnblln.  Jul;  1171;  put  to  datb  Uanongh  03riai: 
forocd  to  iurrender  bli  caetlee  andecaporte  to  HenrTll; 
kept  court  at  KiUar*.  wblle  King  Hcnrj  wai  ntarcblni 
tbnjugb  Ireland,  1I7I-V;  Biimmoneil  to  Normandy  to  aid 
King  Hennr,  1171;    gixntcd  WeifonI,  Walertord,  ud 

all  tlie  gnmt  IHsh  prinm,  117i  ;  aooonllng  to  legend  alew 
hie  un  for  cowaidlce.  [i.  tM] 

OLAXE,   RIOHARD  nc.   elgbUi   Rini.   or   Olarr, 
CBBTBR  (IJ«-1M»X  ton  of  QUbcrt  de  Clare,  eeienth  oail 

pope  at  LJona,  ino ;  i 

tloa  to  Qaaconf,  lUl.  , ^ , , , 

OnmRBT,  IIM:  deliated  b;  Uk  VtiAb,  lUT; 
Simon  de  Konttort  agaluat  Ote  Ung,  11U ;  qna 
wlUi  De  Kontfi)rt,llM:  In  friendly  attondanoa  i 
king,  1U1-41 :  qaarr«U«d  Mtk  Prince  Edward,  IM 


tblnl  R 


P  O1.ARR  and 


d«OUn(*ll«?),[q.y.]:  1 
OUbert  In  tbe  title  and  ntaUa,  Itll ;  ligned  tnatj  ot 
WntjnlnHter,  HAS;  conqnered  part  ot  Oardlgan,  11B7: 
defeated  byRhya  ap  Oruff odd,  r.  Ufl9  ;  In  France,  LlaO-1 ; 
nfond  Arcbblthop  Beclcet't  claim  tor  bomag*  lorToD' 
bridge  Oattia,  lisl;  again  detsited  by  Rbyli,  IIU:  in 
FrBnoo,llJl.  fi.  »»«1 

OLASE, WALTER  DE  <d.  UN!),  fonnder  at  Tinlvn 
Abbey,  a  numaater;  tor  Oiilerclani,  ILSl.  [i.  MTl 


t  Conlt 


711. 11 


jr.     [See  Liosin,_lB8-lM«; 

OLAKmrOK  Airs  ATOIRIALX,  Duik  or  (18M. 
ISM).    CBes  Albert  Victor.] 

DLAKBTBOIT,  Barui  of.    [See  Htdr.  Bdw ahd.  Int 

I7D0 ;  YlLLnRK,  Thouab,  lint  Bahl  of  tbe  seoond  cna- 
Uon,  170a-17M :  Tiu.nwi,  John  Oiiarldi.  tblrd  Bahl. 
iri;-18!8:  Tiiiinui,  Qborqb  Wiujah  Frkorrick, 
fourth  EAR^  1800-1870.] 

OtABBmiOH,  SIR  ROGER  (d.  llOt),  reiiuted  bMlHd 
nn  ot  tbeBlaokPrlnoe;  banged  bj  Henry  IT  a>  beii« 
a  poesibla  pretsnder.  [:i.  IM] 


Uibal  DMiliaJ  tnwia. 


B,IT7«-8a. 


OLABIBElIi  H 

ntan.  Uiy  litO ;  knl^itad :  M-P.  ISr  Wtatmliiiter  ' 
UK,  hr  8oathw>rk,  1H«.  lor  Ohriitshnrch,  Itn-aE. 
Ud  lor  Oibiid  UniTcnltj,  ItSS,  IIW.  [i.  )H] 

QLUIKBI  (pgcDknrni).  [BaaBimiUBD.ODABLCTni 


,   JOHN 


Olxbxk,  Cl^ik,  UxI  OUtBU.] 


[SuppL  IL  n] 
OUBS,  OHARLm  (IBOS-IsaO).  pnptUor  ot  lbs 
9iM  IMbam  tma :  tumo'  it  Onat  TUttiun :  prlnUd 
>  'HMiRT  at  OnU  ToClum,'  IMl,  sod  Bturr  utiiicil 
1— *Mw:li«limdn)nit  MTMOmoti!  wtttadnwU 
iqMdn  &HI.  bc£iR  ISM.  [i.  wg] 

<IUSK,  KDWTN  (int-lBMl 
MA  IaUbb  Olwk  [q.  T.] :  uptr 


JOHN  (if.  180TX  OhUo  Hbolu;Uiidii«Rib 

(ITTfl)  «biC  poiporta)  to  In  lniulsti«u  of 
[..  «U] 

w.] 


fSoppl.  U.  IB] 
BGOTBOtf  (18W-18MX 
^sBt:  M^nm  wo  uiMe  muter  la  Londoa,  ISM- 
W;  «c(ultt  o<  batv  On^kga.  Oifivd.  ISM;  Hul 
hi,  IttT :  AimUbmi  fbuplaln  Bbnad ;  mgiui-muter  Id  , 
Iadoi^Un,lJ■OI  oom|«d  lUghC  pIkh.      [1.400]      I 

CLAKK,  QBOBOB  AITZBN  (lSt)-ia7g),  muia- 
hetaiB  ud  [dilluilbmpbt ;  tlinadiiakEr  la  Pslih^ 
■4  Amies ;  bcnrfutcr  of  Olugow  UnlToiItT  ud  of 
hUej.  [1. 401] 

a.AXZ,  asOBOB   TH01U3  ClBC«-in§),  enginas  ' 

■to  AroMl  «■  Qnat  Wotsii  JUiUny :  cnmnii  on 
Wlugc,  Bit,  And  rail  w»wa''"'~''~"~  '"" 

kaNiitnsUaofDowUbati. 

ifStr  JeataliJotmOiiaM[q.T.],1U9,r . 

"-■— ^* ■ — »d<tal(Sl 

■  olned  ] 


lokDUDcd'PEOtani  Oluk.'  [■.«») 

OLABX,  JOeUH  U.TIIIBB  (laM-lBMX  ««UwBr; 
■■litul  cngliKa  of  Maul  BtnlE*  bridge,  IMS :  cbW 
oiglm,  ElnMo  *d1  Intirutloiul  Tekgnpb  Com. 
PUT,  1800-70;  U.LG.B.,  IMl ;  In  purtocnhlp  wjib  air 
Obvls  TUiton  Brigbt  [q.  t.],  IMl-Si  lonotd.  IMS. 
witb  Henrj  Otiuln  Forio  (latT-lfary.  flnn  ol  Olipfc, 
Forde  A  Taflor,  wldob  flonged  In  able  lajinff  In  verioiH 

ll^u  brdnalio  iDd  ouul  englDeer,  l«Tt;  w.P.ti..  IBM; 
F3^A ;  r.^Ui.& :  pitsiiad  tl«nd«l  ud  oUwr  InTcs- 

[BoiiL  II.  »] 
OUaX,  RIORARS  (iraa-18)IX  taonej.  of  Lon- 
don ;  ikldBnflui,  1770-98 ;  ehoiff,  1777 ;  lord  bujer,  1TB4 ; 
d^  ctauiberlAin.  I7W-1891.  [i.  t04] 

CLAXX.  RIOHAJtD  (1790-lUt),  moddu  :  cbniMer 
of  Bt.  OairRB'i  OhaptO,  Wlndur  ;  cbolnnui  of  Bt. 
OHrgf'i  and  Btoa  OoUege.  1803-11.  of  tbe  Obspel  HoTil, 
1890.  of  Bt.  PitTil'i,  1837,  and  WntmlDiW,  IWB ;  wnle  oa 
nuulixl  topla.  [I.  4M] 

OLAU,  SAHUBL  (laiO-lBTS),  promotar  of  slnn- 
doa;  Mm  Df  a  qiuktr  baaket-nuksrof  BodUumpEoi ;  aglf- 
ISDgbt:  partoer  In  DurtoD  A  Oltrlri  pubU^lig  nrm, 
London,  IMS-M ;  adl*ed  ■  Patw  Parli^i  Anaoali ' ;  HA. 
Uigdalm  n«ii,  Oifoid,  IBM :  Tice-prlndpal  ot  GbelHa 
TralalDgCoUeg*.  IBU-U  ;  principal  of  Battanea  TnlDliv 
OoUega.  IMl-M;  lisar  of  BndwardlDe,  HtaaAadihlie, 

[x.Wtl 


tiie  loai^-teit  for  dlKorerlnB  hs 


r  Bud  of  a 


BIB  ■<  lad}  Flon  BaMlag)  [q.  ^ 

~ [»-*>ll 

tf.  IBOR),  orgaslit:   chaiiit« 

*--r  In  Blrmlngbam.  c. 

ter  Oatholnl,  llilM  ; 


euu,  jBttsuiAH  (I 


ffiUK,  JOH 


(lue-17M),  wriUng-m 


(1! 

Bdlnboigb  ;  eiblblted,  1«40. 

[..«e] 
(d.  Ittay,  Roman  catlullc  prMt ; 
7,  and  Rome.  1H> ;  nl  on  tbe 
Impritoncd  In  Booltmrk,  1«01; 

(ieft8-i;aa  r),  ptajidciu;  ii.D. 

ijerasn ;  praouiiootr  m  London,  and,  1747-73.  at  Bnd- 
fDM,  WUtahIn  ;  wivM  on  laidwIfFry.  [i,  40t^ 

OLABK,  WILLIAM  (1788-lB6»).uatomlat;  unof 
Jolin  Clark  (1744- ISOC)  [q.  v.]  ;  B,A.TrlDlt;  OoUige,  Caoi- 
biidge.  leoS  ;  IdlDw,  1808-37  :  itDdlsd  medicine  in  LoDdoD : 
Irleod  of  Lord  B^roo  ;  profeoeor  of  anBtomj,  CJambrid^a, 
IBir-g* :  trmnllei),  1818-90  lUJ>.,  1817  :  rector  of  GuIkIoj, 

WILLIAU  (1891-1880),  el*U  engineer;  In 
!i  Londcm,  IMl ;  engineer  In  Oalcutta.  18H- 
d  tbe  drainage  of   Madras,   LB74,   and  of 
•onira.  auiubUu  Uwnl,  1818-8,  [X,  410] 

OLASZ,  WILLIAU  OBOBaB  (1891-1878).  Slitke- 
■peamn  lobolar;  edncatal  at  Bbrowibnrj  ;  fellow  at 
Trinity  Oollege.  Cambridge,  1844.  till  dealli;  pobllo  orator, 
1917-70;  lolnC-editoT  ot  the  'Cambridge  shakeapeare,' 
lB8t-8 ;  pnbllabed  DoUa  of  Darel.  termont  and  tann ;  m. 
domd  Cnark  Iwtoreiblp  in  ItngUlb  lllaatun  at  TrIidQ 
CoUv.  Ownbridga.  [i-  410] 

b3 


partosihli 


OLABK,  WILLIAM   TTBBKEY   (17B1-1M!).  dTl 
aginwc  :  mtllwrijht  at  Bristol ;  nwchsQle  in  (oundrj  b 

larki :  delgnol  mtpeoDOa  briigrt ;  F.ILS^  1837. 


iixltnt  of  tbe  millUir  Lr 


e  WllUhln 


l-tRC,  Olehi.  Olerib.] 
17-1USX  thB>lDgiiui:ediuata 
irBrliloL:  ■  inelhodlit,  lilH 


>.  AbenlBeo,  1800;  pabliibed  l>kblia 

iiu-M ;  bann  to  adit  Byiniir'.  •  Fadax;  1B18  ;  hit  mlM- 
illunams  warka  ptintal,  IgH.  [e.  413] 

CLARKE.  ALDEBD  (ia»6-174[>,  dnn  of  Biet« 
luiulol  tl  SL  Piiul'i  SchooL  1719-19 ;  CDUrel  Oorpni 


ui ;  Heid-muiti*!,  luu.  [i.  lit] 

CHAHLBS  {d.  17I10X  (udBo;  bBrrlstir  of 


jnvtwodary  of  WlDcbef<t<r.  li 

dHui  of  Biet«r,  1741 ;  pnbliih 

OLASKE.  Sin  ALtlRBD 


a  HD  tiupluuBhin, 
_   OLABXE.  OHARLBSfd.  17(7). 


;  UJ-^  WliiV^hon 


,  1741 ;  bum] 
[..116] 


OLABKE.  CHARLES  00  Wl 
triaid  of  John  Kmta :  ratUal 
lUber  111  Lotxlon,  IBID:  liKtn 

1MS.U1I1  toOsio>,lS(ll.    HU 
Oowden-OlukF  [q.  r.],  nu  >lHi 


[1. 117] 
EN.(17B7-ia77X.uthQr; 
t  Ranu^lc,  ISIU ;  pcib- 


OLAKSE,  GEORQR  (li;fiO-17a«X  poUUdu  and  tIt- 
toon :  wa  ol  Sic  IVIUlam  Cliirka  (1fil3  ?-IMa)  (o.  •.} ! 
B.A.  Oriord,  UTS ;  Mlow  o(  AU  Sools-,  1(180-1 7 J« ;  D.C.L, 

I70ft.  andfor Oxford UolTw^ty.lTlT-Sa:  jodife-wlnHBtE' 
geneiml.  IflSl-liM  ;  tEcretarj  at  ww,  IBua-ITW  :  jolnl 
■vcretary  to  tbekdmlralty.  1701-5  ;m  lord  of  tbeadmlrmZtjj 
colU^'oxtord.     ■  [X.1M1 

CLARKE,  OEOHBB  (I7Slt.lSlI),  KDlptcr;  eihUdtal 
lb  LondDQ,  1^91-30 ;  callfd '  tht  BlimingtiuD  ObiinCtw.' 
[i.«6] 

CLARKE,  EARRIffT  LDSLOW  (if.  ises).  utin; 
irood.iinKniEr,  1SJ7 ;  utlit  In  italnisd  glus,  1891. 

[i.  IM] 

CLARKE.  HENRY  (1743- 1B18),  trwUifiiuUclui ;  tie- 


CLASZE,    HRWRON_{17B7-18JITk 
CLARKE.  J 


ic  ftt  BmrnuiiKl  College,  CaodjridM; 
n :  nilrlBsd.  ktid  H-u  Mtlriwl  V> 
Qteniponry  EurDpean  uul  Bnsllifa 

B  ADousTDs  LooKHAKT  (inr- 


OLARKZ.  JAMG9  (17»lt-18el).  uiUqiiuji  i 

local  imUqiiitla ;  publlilud  -Tbi  SuQolk   AnL    

iMB.  [«.4»] 

OLASKX.  JAURS  FERIIANDEZ  (IBlt-UTtX  Bi<l- 
molicliui  in  Ikblla:  htoU  roi  the  'Lwieit.'  IBM-Tl; 
pracUUoner  In   I«udai ;   pnblisbsl  in  ulabkaiubr. 

iwi.  [t  iSr 

OLARKE^IAUBS  STAKIBB  (J7U?-1«MX  antte; 


eldwt 


l«rke(l7ao-1786)tq.y.]!  n 
■i»pl*ln,  179*--  -  - 
.  17B»:  LLJ>. 


ropfit,  IA3I ;  published  modlcikl  tji 
a,  OnTHBERT  (/.  17TT),  will 


(d.  IMOh  diplomattet; 


CLARKE,  EDWARD  (1710-1780),  Cn' 
Wllb»iBCI«rto<lBM-1771)[q.  T.];  rf.A.  S 
lej(t   Oambridg*.   17"- '   " ■- 


~  Dbiplita  at  Madrid.  17IS 
pobUihed  '  Lettm 


iQ  Cbapd  Rojal ;  otfrftniil  at 


M.D.  Oambridge.  IBK  ;  praoUHd  In  LondaT:  n^ud  tbt 
'  Pharmacopmia.^  {t.  m] 

CLARKE,  JOHK  (I«Da-lfl7e),  colonln:  phTiMu  ta 
London :  oiie  ol  tlie  Hnt  Mtllcn  at  Btaodc  blwd,  ISM : 
pb3^ciaa  and  baptiiC  pmcber  Chsv;  In  it"yt»M  ■■ 
iig«Dt  for  the  colonT.  lUl-al;  obtained  ■  chana  torl^ 
looa ;  retomed  to  Rbodfl  laland,  16Sa ;  pobUabod  pa^ 
plileti.  [I.  til] 

JOHN   (Iflea-lftS),    tmdt:    < 


CLARKE. 

ncond  son  of  Eili 


OroatBrlt^B.  1700,  Italy,  17M,  Oormanr,  I 
17M,  Boollaod,  I7»T,  Horttaem  Bnrape,  1131, 
Runth  ■800.  aod  Aita  Minor,  PaltatlDe,  Om 

eentad  bi>  Qnck  natua  to  (tunbridgi  DnlvcnltT,  'lS03  ; 
nntor  of  Barlton,  OunbiUtrBblia,  IBOt,  and  ol  Teldbani. 
Buei,  IBOR-gii  ntd  bit  miuiacrtpu  to  the  Bodldan. 
1808 ;  pmfnaar  ol  niiiEralasr.  OacnbrldiH.  1B08 ;  unlTB^ 
«ltTllbnrlui,IB17:  -TraTeli.'  pobUibed  ISIO-U;  wrote 
on  mUwrali  and  Qmk  iDltqidtka.  {i.  431] 

OLARKB,  BDWARD  QOODMAN  fA  1811).  phy 
Bidu:  annr  oBlas  In  Wat  [ndln;  M.D.  Abardaen, 
17G1 ;  arm;  pbJlicUn ;  wrote  "*^J^'  UcaCUM. 


IlAKlSL(!7fl»-lM»,  tr 

rke(1780-lT8«)[q.»,];H_ 

noi  Oollegc,  Oambndgc.  17 


... DJ»_  1717:  p.. 

OnnUrbury,  17!1 ;  daan  <f 
ufllatlouH  uid  phUoupldcil 


OLAXKB,  JOHN   (I7as-I7BIX 
Trinity  College  OarabridEe,  17K;   uiuu».   n...    -  -, 
17M ;  Inoumboit  of  Nun  Moniton,  Yortahliii :  Kboal- 
iwiur  at  aUpton,  Bevnlsf,  ITU,  and  Wakafield.  1711. 
[I.  lU] 

CLARKE,  JOHN  (lTeU1815l.  phyiiciaTi ;  Koljd 
medldne  in  Lon>len ;  accDuchriir  Id  Louiloo  :  leclond  <■ 
nildwUay;  wnilc mvlLwl tniaUMa,  L^^ti*] 


845 


OI/ABKS 


PKLD.] 

OE 


JOHN(1770-l8S6Xlfn«.Doo.    [8ee  Whit- 

JOHN  (d.  187fX  oomedlan ;  a  photographer ; 
acted  in  Londm,  1862 :  became 

[X.  4S4] 

JOHN  RANDALL  (18S8  7-186SX  architect ; 
pnWftahafl  aidiltaetazBl  hiatorie*  n  Oloaoester  and  Llan- 
iibtf,  aa   well  as  *Qloaoeater  Oathedral*  and 
Bill,*  two  romaaoea.  [x.  4SA] 


iB  tbt  . 
friitwetart  M  a  borleeqae  actor,  1866. 


CLMMKE,  JOHN  8LBEPBR  (I8S8-18MX  actor :  bom 
adnoatafl  for  American  law :  first  appeared 


ai  Boston,  1861 ;  joint  leewe  looceaeively  b{  Arch 
Philadelphia,  Winter  Garden  Theatre,  New 
managed  Haymarket,  1878,  and 
[SappL  iL  S7] 


JOSEPH  (d.  17491  oontrovergialtot :  edu- 
eUid  It  Weatminater ;  fdlow  of  Magdalme  College,  Cam- 

[x.436] 


ttr.^'^irm  JOSSPH  (176»-18S4X  physician :  educated 
at  mi^nw  UniTenity,  1776-« ;  and  Bdinbmrgh  UniTersity, 
171^0;  ICD.  Bdinboigh,  1779;  atodied  midwifery  in 
Ttiwdnn,  17B1 ;  aceoochear  in  Dablin,  1781-1899 :  physician 
to  thalyteff-inliospltal,  1786 ;  wrote  medical  treatiees. 

[X.  436] 

OTJITI,  J06KPH  (1811?-1860X  divine:  M.A.  St. 
Mm'k  OoUcge,  Oambrldge,  1841;  rector  of  Stretford, 
lADCMddre ;  pqhiiahfrt  teaots.  [x.  436] 

OLArngB.  MABOUS  ANDRBW  HISLOP  (1846-1881), 
•aOnr ;  generally  oalkd  Marcus  Olaruc  ;  emigrated  to 
Tielarte,  1863;  journalist  in  Melboame,  1887;  wrote 
,  playa,  and  pantomimea.  [x.  436] 


flliilTK,  MABY  ANNS  (1776-1863X  mistren  of 
'  ,  doiae  of  York ;  »ie  Thompson :  married  Clarke, 
1794 :  actresB ;  lived  extnTagantly,  1808  ; 
to  oaa  her  infinenoe  to  obtain  army  promotioas 
<nm  the  Doka  of  York,  oommander-in-chief ;  examined 
IVtiMOoiBiDOiia,  1800;  tried  for  Ubel,  1809;  imprisoned 
iBrBlMl,18U;  withdraw  to  Paris,  c  1816.  [x.4S6] 


MABY  VIOTORIA  OOWDBN-  ^1809-1898), 
of  a  oooeotdanoe  to  Shakespeare ;  daogfater  of 
Nonllo  rq.  t.]  ;  married  CharlcB  Oowden-Clarke 
;  pcodnoed,  18S9-41,  *Oomplete  Concordance 


Is  Whaiiiware,*  pnWIfihrd  in  monthly  parts,  1844-6  ;  she 
MUad  In  Italy  from  1866.  Her  works  include  *The 
Bhskapeare  K^,*  1879,  and  *  BeooUeottons  of  Writers,* 
Un;  witttcn  in  ooOabaration  with  her  husband. 

[Suppl.  iL  28] 

OLAXKS,  MATTHBW,  the  elder  (168U  7-1708  ?),  con- 
PHiU'WJel  minister ;  son  of  a  Shropshire  parson ;  edu- 
eiftai  at  Waslaninster  School ;  fellow  of  Trinity  CoUei^ 
1663 ;  army  chaplain  in  Scotland ;  intruded 
Nartioroagh,  Leicestershire,  1667-62 ;  noncon- 
pwchei  in  Leicestershire ;  congregational 
at  Market  Harboroogh,  1672.  [x.  437] 


puritan  preacher  at  Warwick :  rector  of  Aloester,  War- 
wickshire, 1638-46 ;  curate  of  St.  Beunet  Fink,  London, 
1642-62 :  member  of  the  Savoy  conference,  1661 ;  wiUi- 
drew  to  Isleworth ;  pnblished  poems,  devotional  tracts, 
and  numerous  biographies.  [^  ^1] 

(rriAHITB  or  OLABX,  SAMUEL  (1626-1701X  anno- 
tator  of  the  bible:  eldest  son  of  Samuel  Clarke  (1699- 
1683)  [q.  v.]  ;  of  Pembroke  College,  Cambridge;  intruded 
fellow,  1644-61 :  intruded  rector  of  Grendon  Undowood, 
Buckinghamshire :  ejected,  1662 :  congregational  minister 
at  High  Wycombe ;  published  an  annotated  bible,  1690 ; 
a  concordance,  1696,  and  other  bib  oal  works,    [x.  442] 

OLARKX,  SAMUEL  (1676-1729),  metaphysician: 
BJL.  Cains  (3oUege,  Cambridge,  1696 :  D.D. ;  disciple  of 
Isaac  Newton ;  pubUshed  Latin  tx«nslation  of  the  Car- 
tesian Jacques  Bohault's  *  Physics,*  with  Newtonian 
notes,  1697 ;  chaplain  to  Moore,  bishop  of  Norwich,  1698 ; 
delivered  Boyle  lectures,  *  On  the  Being  and  Attributes  of 
God,*  1704-6 :  rector  of  Drayton,  near  Norwich ;  rector 
of  St.  Benet*s,  Paul's  Wharf,  London,  1706,  and  of  St. 
James's,  Westminster,  1709 :  wrote  against  Henry  Dod- 
well,  1706 :   published    Latin  translation   of    Newton's 

*  Optics,*  1706;  published  *  Scripture  Doctrine  of  the 
Trinity,'  1712 ;  edited  CJasar,  1712  :  accused  of  Arianism, 
1714 ;  hdd  a  philosophical  correspondence  with  Lsibnita, 
1715-16 :  master  of  Wigsiton's  Hospital,  Leicester,  1718 ; 
declined  the  mastership  of  the  mint,  1727  ;  edited  Homer's 

*  Iliad,'  1729  :  founder  of  the  *  intellectoal '  school,  which 
deduced  the  moral  law  from  a  logical  necessity  :  his  col- 
lected works  published,  1738.  [x.  443] 

OLABBX,  SAMUEL  (1684-1760X  theological  writer : 
congregational  minister  at  St  Albans ;  published 
*The  Saints'  Inheritance;  being  a  Collection  of  the  Pro- 
mises of  Scripture.*  [x.  446] 

GLABKE,  THEOPHILUS  (1776 7-1831  ?X  Pointer: 
pupil  of  John  Opie ;  exhibited  in  London,  1796-1810. 

rx.  447] 

OLABEB,  SIR  THOMAS  (1703-1764),  judge;  edu- 
cated at  Westminster,  1717-21 ;  M.A.,  Trinity  College, 
Cambridge,  1728 ;  fellow,  1727 ;  barrister  of  Oray's  Inn, 
1729 ;  M.P.  for  St.  Michael's,  Cornwall,  1747,  and  for 
Loetwithiel,  1764-61 ;  master  of  the  roUs,  1764 ;  knighted, 
1764.  [X.  447] 

OLABXX,  THOMAS  (/.  1768-1776X  painter :  trained 
in  Dublin ;  came  to  London,  1768 ;  exhibited,  1769-76. 

[x.  448] 

(JLAEKX,  TIMOTHY  id.  1672X  physician :  of  Bal- 
Uol  College,  Oxford :  M.D.,  1662 ;  F.R.CJ'.,  1664 ;  phy- 
sician to  C^iarles  II ;  F.R.S. ;  friend  of  Samuel  PRpys. 

[X.  448] 

CLABKE,  Sir  WILLIAM  (1628  7-1666X  secretary  at 
war ;  t)arrister  of  the  Inner  Temple,  1663 ;  secretary  to 
Monck ;  secretary  at  war,  1661 ;  knighted ;  mortally 
wounded  in  the  action  off  Harwich.  [x.  448] 


OLAIKB,  MATTHEW,  the  younger  (1664-1736X  con- 
fWUUiil  minister :  son  of  Matthew  Clarke  the  elder 
h  ▼.] :  iasistant  minister  at  Market  Harborough,  1684 ; 
minister  at  Sandwich,  1687 ;  pastor  of  the  oongrega- 
tioDsl  efaozcfa.  Miles  Lane,  London,  1689;  preacher  at 
RnaeM'  Hall.  1697;  pobUahed  sermons.  [x.  438] 

OLiBZX,  BLATTHEW  (1701-1778),  physician  ;  studied 
■Rbdue  at  Lndcn,  1721 :  MJ>.  Cambridge,  1728 :  pby- 
to  Ooyli  Hospital,  1732-64.  [x.  439] 


flLIWn,  Sot  BOBERT  (d.  1607X  judge ;  barrister  of 
UwQln's  bm,  1668;  baron  of  the  exchequer,  1587; 
kaightad,  liOt.  [x.  439] 


BOBKBT(<f.  1676),  Latin  poet:  real  name 
QKunt ;  edncateri  at  Dooay ;  professor  of  poetry  at 
Bsaay;  seDt  on  the  Rngiiah  mission,  1629;  Carthusian 
at  Sisqport,  1632-76 ;  wrote,  in  Latin,  plays  and  a  reli- 

[X.  440] 


I 


flliiWlH.  SAMUEL  (1626-1669X  orientalist;  edu- 
caM  St  Merton  College,  Oxford,  1640-4 ;  M.A.,  1648 : 
whoobBBster  at  Islington;  contributed  to  Walton's 
*fiibllaPMyglotta':  esqidrebedeUof  lawand  *architypo- 
fraptas,*  Oiddrd,  166»-69 ;  studied  Hebrew,  Arabic,  Per- 
aBdTarkL«h.  [x.  440] 

divine:  entered 


SAMUEL   (1699-1683), 
ColVga, GamMdga,  1616 ;  ovftte  in  Oheahira; 


E,  WILLIAM  (1640  7-1684),  physician ;  B.A. 
Merton  College,  Oxford,  1661 ;  fellow,  1663-6 ;  practi- 
tioner at  Bath,  and  afterwards  at  Stepn^ ;  wrote  on 
•Nitre,' 1670.  [x.  449] 

OLABKE,  WILLIAM  (1696-1771X  antiquary :  feUow 
of  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  1717;  M.A.,  1719; 
rector  of  Boxted,  Sussex,  1724-68 ;  canon  of  Chichester, 
1738,  and  chancdlor,  1770;  wrote  on  miscellaneous 
subjects,  including  the  relatioo  between  Roman,  Saxon, 
and  English  coins.  [x.  449] 

(3LABBX,  WILLIAM  (1800-18S8X  writer  of  juvenile 
literature.  [x.  460] 

OLABKE,  WILLIAM  BRANWHITE  a798-1878X 
geologist ;  M.A.  Cambridge,  1824 ;  curate  of  Bam»holt, 
Suffolk ;  made  fifteen  geological  excunions  to  the  conti- 
nent ;  published  poems,  1822,  and  scientific  papers,  1833- 
1838 ;  Anglican  clergyman  in  New  South  Wales,  1840-70 ; 
discovered  gold  there  in  1841,  tin  in  1849,  and  diamonds 
in  1869 :  studied  the  Australian  coal-measures ;  visited 
Tasmania,  1866  and  1860 ;  F.B.8.  London,  1876 ;  pub- 
lished numerous  scientific  papers.  [x.  460] 

OLABKE,  WILLIAM  FAIRLIE  (1833-1884),  medioal 
writer ;  bom  in  Calcutta ;  educated  at  Rugby,  Oxford, 
and  Edinburgh  ;  studied  medicine  in  London  ;  M.B.  Ox- 
ford, 1862:  surgeon  in  London:  M.D.  Oxford,  1876; 
published  a  *Miiiioal  of . . .  Surgery,'  1866,  and  a  mono- 
graph on  *  Diseases  of  the  Tongue,*  1871.  [x.  462] 


CLARKSOS 

OUXKUK,  DAVID  (len-l«e«),  oonCrannlallit; 

B.&.  Otm  H^  Ounbttdg*',  Intnidid  Mlow,  IMt-Bl ; 

— *-■  ' ■— 1»  of  UorUake,  Bamx,  IMl-M,-  — 


OUlKKSOX,  LAUBBKOB  <iei^lH7).    [Sn  Oux- 


OIiATPOOLE 


OUXXOK,    HABSEALL    (IB11-1S»1),     hlitorloil 
OULBXSOIt,    NATHANIKL    (17M-17M),  paints:     SS3^t<^ii 


-  .      ,  TM-17M), 

Iried  l£t«lo^  [latullng.  [i.  M>] 

I,  THOUAB  Q'M-ISM), 


A.  SC  J(dinV  Odtes.  C«ii.     "™^' 


Pul'i  SchsidrYTn-M;  BA^  SC.  JtdmV  Oidi«s,  CUh 
brUft,  irsa :  in  dcuon')  oid*n ;  publlatud  a  pdi*  r»a^ 
agkiut  lUnrT.  irat;  iglund  for  tha  ataOltkiii  ol 
•Utbt.  ITBT-M,  and  IBOt-U  T  nisid  It  an  tlw  rnocb 
»TflraiDCDtt  17S9-M,  and  on  thfi  cuf,  1S18  ;  ffrantad  tJic 
inediKD  ol  LondoDt  IBU.  Hii  vorki  Lnclode  pampLleli 
on  ■lawtj.tatelngliMl  tnoM,  and  a  mmolrat  wllUam 
Psna.  [I-4M] 

OL&TXB,  fRAMCIS  (UM-Im),  aathoc  of  'Ern; 
Han  U)  own  FHrier,'  1781,  ind  ■  H3i  on  OiUle  Doctor,' 
. ._    ...  .  j^,j 


AuiCnUa,  USD.  aod  Imila :  rldtgl 
3pi ;  nounsi  lo  undoa.  ISUi  (iL  T] 

OLAT,   ALFBBD   BORRON  (IStl-lBK),  hMvkal 
._.._     ....    .         ......    ci»y[q.i.]:art(itoiiaitta 


italbllal,  18M-«e. 
GUT,    OHARL^   (laol-lBM),  o 

pnnUoad  u  r  

baiBb   UnlTO 


ii;'i  HoiplUI :  plaecdtlHOpcfalloiK* 
in  fniDdaUDii :  pubUMiad  -CanvMi 
Ma  BanoT,'  18»e,  and  otbs  •mftnJ 
iUas  nOaUng  to  gwdou'  and  mmiii- 

CBappLiLMI 


OLARB,  THOMAS  (ira»-lU7X  u(at«r :  thiid  n 
it  Fruda  Oats'  [g.  t.1  ;  eEhlbllad,  ohiBllj  gicn  worb, 
0  LoodOD,  int-M.  [iL  1] 


(SLAT.  FBBDBBIOK  (IBM-lSM),  m 


n  adopted  tbec 
w  ptotogtaplik  nbjaota :  F.Ka.,  I8U.     [il  i]' 
t   OALTBRLST   (lBI4~1gMl 


UiBilogloal  traota.  [iL  S] 

CLAVOETOX,  THOHAB  LBQH  {1B0S-I»m  bishop 
ol  at  Albaos;    brotbur  ol   Pleta   (hlyorkT  Claoghlon 

S.  T.] :  educalad  at  Rugby  snd  Trinllj  CoUegE,  Oif ocd ; 
A^  1811 ;  IMIow.  18»-» :  U.A.,  ISM  ;  public  avalns, 
leU;  idaot  pnaotan,  1841,  18l»0.  ISM,  and  IMfi:  nm- 
Iwor  of  pdiMt.  18M-T ;  ordained,  18M  i  via 
mlnals,  fStl^tr ;  Mibopol  Bodtalsr.  lH7-rT 


Paili;  om  <A 
Hampden)  [q.  i 


I ;  ODUabontol  nltb  Toni 


BMOt  SaUlnp  [q.  Y.]  :aDbaeitnenUTpradaeid,*rllhl[r. 
B.  OUbotiUr.  O.  n.  Blnu,  and  otlxr  Ubnubta.  «nal 
nUat ;  aet,  187T  Ubnito  oonstructal  bj  W.^.  WllK 


CLAY.  JAKS  (lS0t-187B),  bdUiot  ol '  A  TnaI4H  OB 
.  .  .  WtiliUlsa*  1  »n  of  ■  London  msxdiaat ;  admUd 
at  Wlnnhsto' :  (nTdltd  In  the  Ban,  1830 ;  MJ'.  tU 
Hnll,1817-7A  £,L8] 

OLAT,  JOHN  (1TK-18M),  chaplain  o[  Prntw  gmit 
(Isn-tS) ;  memhaQt'B dok  In  LlTerpool :  onjamad, IW; 
B.D.  BmniBauel  Colleite.   Oambrid^    1EI3J;     pnbUitHd 


OLATXUi,  R0BBRT('(.17II),bDokHller 
publltbed  pamphlet  ■gainit  tlie  Dutch,  1 
tBiaingoeB  ot  CDireat  literature,  le»8-lIao. 


'[.L™ 


EgTptlau  oampalgn,  1901 : 
tloned  at  MJLnchcflter.  wha 


CLAT,  Sm  WILLIAU  (17gi-lS«8X  poUtMau:  m> 
jlnnt  In  Loodaii ;  U.P.  for  Tows  Haznlote,  m3-47 ; 
mated  baronet,  1841 ;  pnfallahad  poUUoal  nunohML 
18M-M.  [XL  lOJ 

OLAT,    WILLIAM   KBATINQB  (17BT-188TX  "W- 


'\  oidalnod,  II 


:  B.D. 


>r  ol  Wiu 


QLATSBOTO,  Sn)  JOHN  <1I«-1777),  e 


i«nL  ]770:giTmoomniandolth 
■MO  Wamn  Haitlngi  In  the 
1,1778;  Mid toboldBaatliigi to 


borbogb; 

le«B,  Oxloril,  1701 :  'dnn  and  rectot 
1714- 1«  ;  D.D„  canon  ot  Ohrlat  Chni 
Hebrew,  Oitoid.  171b ;  bUhop  ot  LI 
tat«d  to  Petsbofou^  17aa ;  pnbUilu 
ib*  Hflbrew,  —'^"^r"!  and  obarifM. 


s  ral^uAtlou,  17 


■hire,  18(t4-fl7;  ■ ,._^ 

glcal  wflrki;  pnbUihed  birtorlei  ol 

I  pariiboe.  [il,  lo] 

I  OLATKOHD,  JOHN  (14I7T-1DS7X  dlTlm-  ■!— r -rf 
Magdalen  (Mii^e.  Cnrfonl,  148)  :  Idlow,  1488;  prMtat, 
1&04-17  ;  D.D-,  lElO;  vicar  ot  Horton,  DniliaDV  1418- 
ID18,  with  much  Dihs  prelermiBt:  maiter  o(  SL  Cnaa 
Wlnebeats,  1808-11 ;  preddent  ol  Oorpaa  Cbrlitl  CU- 
l^F,  Oxford,  Itl7-t7  :  wrote  nota  OD  clasalfa]  aotkon; 
benefactor  ol  Btaaenoag,  Uagdalen,  anl  Oorpu  ChcM 
I  ooUeg»  [iL  11] 

I  CLATPOOLZ  or  QLATPOLI,  BUZABBTH  llm- 
1888),  eonHid  daogbter  ot  Oliivr  Dromwell ;  mairied.  MM, 
I  John  Claypook  [q.  T.J ;  aald  to  hava  kntse^ad  Is 
IDJiallit  priaoiien :  bnrled  lo  Westmlniter  JMki. 

[ri.ll] 


OLAT700LX  or  OLATPOLX,  J 


CLAYTON 


247 


OliKLAND 


IMC  CromvdTi  aeoood  daughter  [see  Clatpoolk, 
BuzABKTH] ;  raised  a  troop  of  bone,  1661 ;  master  of  tbe 
hone  to  tbe  Proteetof ;  M.Pn  16M,  1666 ;  one  of  Orom- 
wdTi  peen»  1647  ;  tmiRiiooed  as  a  suspect,  1678. 

[xi.lf] 
GLATTOV,  OHARLOTTB,  Ladt  Sdndom  (d,  1743X 
wmmaa  of  fbe  hwl  chamber  to  Qoeen  Oandine ;  daughter 
of  Jdba  Dfre;  married  WUUam  Clayton,  afterwards 
BaioB  aoBdao  in  the  Irish  peerage :  became  bedchamber 
wwimi  tD  Qoeen  OaroUne  wbcti  Princess  of  Wales  in  1714 ; 
wlitaliiert  gnat  inflnenoe  OTcr  her,  and  o(mtrolled  coart 

[It.  170] 


liscicntiflc 


JOHN  (1693-1 778X  botanist;  went   to 
ITOf ;  secretary  of  Qloacester  Ooonty,  Vbrginla : 
papers  to  the  Boyal  Society,  1789 ;  collected 
plants  for  European  botanists.  [xL  IS] 


,  JOHN  (1709-177S),  dirine ;  edaoated  at 
acbod  and  Brasenoee  OoUege,  Oxford ;  MA., 
jolsed  «the  Oxford  Ifethodists,'  e.  17S8:  curate  at 
1713  ;  taogfat  school  there ;  one  of  tbe  chaplains 
GoOqKwte  Ohnrcli,  1740,  and  fellow,  1760 ; 
acknovled^Dd  the  Young  Pretoider,  1746  ;  pnb- 
tzaet  on  poor  rdief,  and  sermons ;  edited  '  Ana- 
•  17»4.  [xL  18] 


of  Maadiester 


r,  JOHN  (17SS-1800X  painter  of  stUl-life ; 
I"*   apprenttoe:   exhibited,   1761-78;   Us  stadio 
■BTiikwtanybQCTt,  1769.  [xL  14] 


^..^••..p.,  JOHN  (1764-184SX  oongregaUonalist ; 
auolhwnaiy's  ^^picntioe  in  Manchester ;  educated  at 
iSweeea  Oonege :  preacher  in  the  Countess  of  Hunting- 
don^li  cnapei,  Timbrldge  Wdls ;  faQed  to  obtain  ordina- 
tisB,  1777 ;  prasbyterian  minister  at  West  Looe,  (tern- 
wall  :  pastor  of  wdghhoose  Chapel,  London,  1778-1886 ; 
p^bUbsd  derottooal  treattses.  [xL  14] 

CHATTOV,  JOHN  (d.  1861),  architect;  much  em- 
piBgPBi  at  Hcnfocd ;  settled  in  London,  1839 ;  exhibited 
SRhttoctoial  drawings,  1839-66  ;  published  works  on 
•Rhiteotiite,  1846-M.  [xU  16] 

GL4TT0M,  JOHN  (1780-1866X  oongrogationaUflt ;  son 
of  John  dayton  (1764-1843)  [q.  ▼.]  ;  pastor  of  tbe  Poultry 
Ghapd,  Londoa  ;  pablished  serxnmis.  [xL  16] 

GLATTOV,  JOHN  (1843-1888),  actor;  real  name 
JoHS  ALVBXD  Oalthrop  ;  educated  at  Merchant  Taylors* 
fi^ool :  joined  Ifias  Herbert's  company  at  St.  James's, 
IM,  plsying  Hastings  in  *6he  stoops  to  Conquer  * ;  sub- 
nioeDtly  aroeared  at  many  London  theatres;  j<rfnt- 
nsosger  of  Court  Theatre,  1881-7,  during  which  period 
te  ^ipeaied  in  comic  plays  by  Mr.  Pinero  and  other 
viitexs.  [Suppl.  ii.  38] 

GLATTOV,  NICHOLAS  (17387-1797),  presbyterian 
dhfae;  educated  at  Glasgow :  pastor  at  Boston,  Lincoln- 
Abts,  1769-63,  and  in  Lirerpool,  1763-81 :  divinity  tutor  at 
Warrington  academy,  1781-8;  D.D.  Bdinburgh,  1783; 
pKfeor  in  Nottingham,  1786-96.  [xi.  16] 

OLATTOM,  RICHARD  (d.  1618),  dean  of  Peter- 
boraogh;  entered  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  1678; 
BA.  Oxioid,  1676 ;  fdlow  of  St  John's  CoUege,  Cam- 
bridve,  1677 :  MA^  1679  ;  D.D.,  1698 ;  master  of  Magdalene 
Coilqpi,  Onnbridge,  1698 ;  archdeacon  of  Lincoln,  1696  ; 
of  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  1696  ;  built  the 
eonrt  there ;  canon,  1696,  and   dean,   1607,  of 

[xi.  16] 


OLATTOV,  Sib  RICHARD  (d.  1888),  translator ;  in- 
herited AdBngton,  Lancashire,  1770  ;  barrister  of  the 
laaer  Temf^  1771 ;  created  baronet,  1774 :  recorder  of 
WIfan,  1616 ;  consul  at  Nantes ;  published  eseays  and 
' 1790-1817.  [xl.17] 


OLATTOV  or  CLXTOK,  Sir  ROBERT  a689-1707), 
Mfitician:  a  London  scrivener;  bought  Bletohlngley, 
nsney,  1677 :  alderman  of  London,  1670-88  ;  sheriff  and 
kaigl^ed,  1671 ;  lord  mayor,  1679-80 ;  M.P.,  London,  1679- 
Ml;  advocated  tbe  Exclusion  Bill;  one  of  the  com- 
ttittee  to  defend  the  city  charter,  1688;  MJ".,  1689-1707  ; 
at    QL    Thomas's    Hospital    and    Christ's 

[xi  17] 


CSATTOV,  ROBERT  (1696-1768X  Irish  bishop ;  bom 
la  DUbBB :  educated  at  Westminster  School ;  B.A.  and 
icfiov  of  Trinity  CcAJne,  Dublin,  1714 ;  LLJ).,  1788 ; 
PJX,  1730 :  traTeOed ;  biberited  estates  in  Lancashire, 


1788 ;  bishop  of  Killala  and  Achonry,  1730 ;  bishop  of 
Cork  and  Ross,  1766  ;  bishop  of  Clogber,  1746 ;  denied  the 
archbishopric  of  Tuam,  being  accused  of  Arianism,  1768  ; 
threatenea  with  prosecution  for  heresy,  1767 ;  published 
sermons  and  theological  works,  1788-67.  ['L  19] 

CLATTOK,  THOMAS  (yf.  1706),  composer ;  a  member 
of  William  Ill's  band,  1698-1708 ;  traveUed  in  Italy, 
1708-4 ;  introduced  Italian  opera  at  Drury  Lane,  1706-11, 
succeeding  with  *  Arsinoe,'  1706,  but  failing  with  *  Rosa- 
mond,* 1707.  [xL  90] 

GLEABBT,  Sir  ANTHONY  (1804-1879),  judge;  at 
Eton,  1880-3 ;  fellow  of  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  1888  ; 
MJl.,  1830 ;  barrister  of  the  Inner  Temple,  1831 ;  gained 
lucrative  commercial  practice  :  unsuccessful  as  candidate 
for  parliament,  1868-67 ;  baron  of  the  exchequer,  1868-78  ; 
knighted,  1868 ;  unsuccessful  on  tbe  bench.         [xL  81] 

GLEA8BT.  RICHARD  (1797-1H47X  philologist: 
broker's  clerk  in  London  ;  studied  in  Italy  and  Germany 
from  1884,  becoming  a  master  of  German  dialecte; 
visited  Denmark  and  Sweden,  1884  and  1889-40 ;  began 
an  *  Icelandio-EngUsh  Dictionary '  (published  by  Oudbrand 
Vigfusson,  1873).  [xL  81] 

OLSAVZR,  EUSEB7  (1746-1819),  archbishop  of 
Dublin  ;  educated  at  Westminster ;  M  JL.  Christ  Church, 
Oxford,  1770 ;  D.D.,  1783 ;  rector  of  Spofforth,  Yorkshire, 
1774-83 ;  rector  of  Tillington  and  Petworth,  Sussex,  1788 ; 
prebendary  of  Chichester,  1787;  chaplain  to  the  lord- 
lieutenant  of  Ireland,  1787  ;  bishop  of  Cork,  1789,  and  of 
Ferns,  1789;  archbishop  of  Dublin,  1809;  became  im- 
bedle.  [xL  88] 

OLSAVZR,  WILLIAM  (1748-1816X  bishop  of  St 
Asaph :  B.A.  Magdalwi  College,  Oxford,  1761 ;  fdlow  of 
Brasenoee  College ;  M.A.,  1764 ;  principal  of  Brasenoee, 
1786-1809  ;  prebendary  of  Westminster,  1784  ;  Mshop  of 
Chester,  1787,  of  Buogor,  1800,  and  of  St.  Asaph,  1806 ; 
mostly  non-resident ;  published  some  classics^  texte  ; 
chiefly  remembered  by  De  Quince's  encomiums. 

[XL  »] 

OLSZYS.  BOURCHIBR  (1716-1760X  writer  on 
finance :  a  London  pewterer ;  bought  Foota  Cray  Place, 
Kent,  c.  1766 ;  pnbllsued  scheme  for  reducing  the  national 
debt,  1766.  [xL  83] 

OLBOO,  JAMES  (1679-1766X  presbyterian  mbiistcr ; 
M.D. ;  minister  and  physician  at  Malcalf,  1708,  and, 
1711-66.  at  Chlnlqr ;  published  sermons,  1781-86. 

[xL  84] 

OLBOO,  JOHN  (1714  7-1746  ?X  vioUnlst;  bom  in 
Ireland;  trained  In  Italy:  a  professional  of  repute  In 
London,  1788-44  ;  confined  In  Bedhun,  1744-6.     [xl.  84] 

OLBOO,  SAMUEL,  the  younger  (1814-1866X  en- 
gineer :  son  of  Samuel  Clegg  (1781-1861)  [q.  v.]  ;  surveyor 
in  Portugal,  1886;  railway  engineer;  professor  of  en- 
gineering at  Putney,  and  at  Chatham,  1849-66 ;  published 
treatise  on  coal-gas,  1860.  [xi.  86] 

OLBOO,  SAMUEL,  the  elder  (1781-1861),  gas  engineer  ; 
educated  in  Manchester ;  apprenUce  to  Boulton  it  Watt, 
engineers,  Soho  ;  a  pioneer  of  gas-lighting  In  Yorkshire, 
and  (1818)  London ;  invented  the  water  gas-meter;  gas 
engineer  at  Lisbon.  [xL  84] 

OLEOEORK,  GEORGE  (1716-1789),  physician ;  edu- 
cated at  Edinburgh  ;  army  surgeon  at  Minorca,  1786-49 ; 
M.D. ;  published  observations  on  diseases  epidemic  in 
Minorca,  1761 ;  lecturer  and  professor  of  anatomy  in 
Dublin,  1761-89.  [xL  86] 

OLEOEORK,  JAMES  (1778-1888),  actuary ;  farmer, 
and,  in  1811,  journalist  In  Edinburgh  ;  became  an  account- 
ant of  repute.  [xL  86] 

OLBIK  or  OLZTK,  FRANCIS  (1690  ?-1668),dranghta- 
man ;  bom  at  Rostock,  Germany ;  patronised  by  Chris- 
tian IT  of  Denmark;  studied  In  Italy;  engaged  by 
James  I  as  designer  for  the  Mortlake  tapestry  works, 
1688;  pensioned  by  Charles  I,  1686;  book-Ulustrator, 
1687-60.  [Jci-  M] 

OLELAVD,  JAMES  (1770-1810),  staUsUdan ;  a  Glas- 
gow cabinet-maker ;  superintendent  of  public  works, 
London,  1814 ;  took  the  census  of  Gla!«gow,  1819,  1881, 
1881 ;  published  histories  of  Glasgow,  1816-88.    (xi.  87] 

OLELAND,  JOHN  (1709-1789X  novelist;  entered 
Westminster  School,  1728 :  consul  at  Smyrna ;  Bast  India 


OTiKTiAND 


248 


OLERK-MA  X  V^ELL, 


Ck>mi>any*8  servant  at  Bombay,  1786;  wandered  over 
Earope;  pabllsbed  hia  first  novel,  *  Fanny  Hill,'  1760; 
penf  ioned :  joomalist  in  London,  1767 ;  pabliabed  novels 
and  diumatic  pieces.  [zi.  38] 

OLSLAHD,  WILLIAM  (1661 7-1689X  covenanter; 
educated  at  St.  Andrevrs,  1676 ;  fought  at  Dnundog  and 
BothweU  Bridge,  1679;  took  part  in  Argyll's  invasion, 
168S  ;  escaped  to  Holland ;  retamed  to  Soothmd  to  agitate 
for  the  Prince  of  Orange,  1688  :  killed  in  action  at  Dun- 
keld :  bis  poems  posthumously  published,  1697.  [zL  38] 

OLELAVD,  WILLIAM  (1674  7-1741),  friend  of  Pope ; 
student  at  Utrecht ;  served  in  Spain,  1706 ;  commissioner 
of  customs  in  Scotland ;  commissioner  of  tazes  in  Eng- 
land, 1738.  [zi  80] 

CLEMENT  ScoTUS  I  (/I.  7461  bishop  among  the 
Franks;  probably  a  native  of  Ireland;  resisted  the 
Romanising  policy  of  Archbishop  Boniface  of  Mentz; 
deposed  and  impriaoned  by  Boniface  as  married  uid  a 
haretic,  744 ;  sentence  confirmed,  746.  [zi.  SO] 

GLEMEKT  ScoTUS  II  iJt.  8S0X  grammarian ;  left 
Irdand  for  France,  c  773 ;  taught  at  Charles  the  Great's 
court ;  died  probably  at  Wtlrzburg ;  reputed  author  of 
two  Latin  grammatical  tracts ;  often  confused  wlUi 
Olonens  Scotas  I,  and  with  01audiu«  (d.  839  ?X  wrongly 
called  Clemens  Claudios,  bishop  of  Turin,  a  Spaniard. 
[zi.  81] 

OLEMEHT  OF  Lijlnthomt  (d.  1190  ?X  known  also  as 
Clkkkxt  of  Qloucbbter,  theological  writer;  canon, 
sub-prior,  and  prior  of  Llanthony,  where  he  was  educated. 
His  works  include  'Concordia  Quatuor  EvangeUstarum,' 
eztant  in  several  manuscripts,  and  other  commentaries. 

[Suppl.  li.  88] 

OLSICENT,  OiE8AB((f.  1636X  Roman  catholic  divine ; 
educated  at  Douay,  Rheims,  and  Rome  ;  priest,  1686 ;  D  J). ; 
dean  of  St.  Gndule's,  Brussets.  [zi.  83] 

OLBMEST,  QRBQORT  (d.  1660V,  regicide ;  Spanish 
Merchant  in  London ;  M.P.,  Camelford,  1647-63  ;  sat  in 
the  high  court  of  justice  and  signed  CQiarles  I's  death- 
warrant  ;  ezecuted.  [zi.  83] 

OLXIOEVT  or  0LEHEJIT8,  JOHN  (d.  1673X  physi- 
cian ;  educated  at  St.  Paul's  School ;  tutor  in  Sir  Thomas 
More's  family :  M  J). ;  Cardinal  Wolsey's  lecturer  in 
rhetoric,  Ozford,  e.  1619 ;  subsequently  reader  in  Greek ; 
president  of  the  College  of  Physicians,  London,  1644 ;  a 
strong  Romanist ;  withdrew  to  Louvain,  1647  ;  practised 
medicine  in  Easez,  1664-9  ;  withdrew  to  Mechlin,  1669. 

OLSMSHT    or   0LE1EEVT8.    MARGARET   (1608- 
1670),   n4e  Giggs;   kinswoman  of    Sir  Thomas  More; 
married  John  Clement  [q.  v.],  e.  1680 ;  died  at  Mechlin. 
[zi,88] 

OLSKEVT,  WILLIAM  IKNELL  (d.  1863),  part  pro- 

Erietor  of  the  *  Obeerver,'  e.  1814 :  proprietor  of  the  '  Mom- 
ig  Chronicle,'  1831-84,  and  of  *  Bdl's  Life.'        [zi.  88] 

OLEMEHTS,  MICHAEL  (d.  1796  ?X  naval  oflScer ;  as 
lieutenant,  distinguished  hinuelf  in  action,  1767 ;  com- 
manded frigate,  1767 ;  took  part  in  capture  of  Thnrot's 
9quadron  at  Bdfast,  1760 ;  served  in  the  Mediterranean, 
1760-8  and  1770 ;  defended  Admiral  Keppel,  1778,  and  was 
shamefully  neglected  by  the  admiralty  in  consequence; 
retired,  1787 ;  titular  rear-admiraL  [zL  84] 

GLENCE,  ANDREW  (d,  1693),  physician  ;  M.D.Cam- 
bridge, 1671 ;  fdlow  of  the  (College  of  Physicians,  London, 
1680 ;  mnrd^ped,  1693.  [zi.  84] 

GLENCE,  JOHN  (d.  1607X  judge ;  barrister  of  Lin- 
coln's Inn,  1668 ;  baron  of  the  ezchequer,  1681 ;  justice  of 
the  queen's  bench,  1684-1608.  [zi.  86] 

OLSNVELL,  LUKE  (1781-1840X  wood  engraver  and 
painter ;  trained  by  Thomas  Bewick  [q.  v.],  1797-1804 ; 
wood  engraver  in  London,  1804-10;  ezhibited  water- 
colour  printings,  1813-18 ;  was  insane  from  1817  till  death. 

[zL86] 

GLENOGKS  or  OLTNOO.  MAURICE  (d.  1680?), 
divine ;  a  Welshman ;  B.C.L.  Ozford,  1648 ;  chaplain  to 
Cardinal  Pole ;  a  pluralist ;  nominated  by  Queen  Mary  to 
the  see  of  Bangor,  1668 ;  withdrew  to  Rome,  1660 ;  ofllcer 
of  the  hospital  for  English  pilgrims,  1667  ;  rector  of  the 
English  college,  1678-9 ;  drownol  at  sea.  [zi.  87] 


OlJBISSEAXr,  CHARLES  LOUIS  (1781-1830),  archi- 
tectural draughtsman ;  bom  in  Paris ;  long  resident  in 
Rome,  sketching  ancient  buildings  ;  ezhibited  in  London, 
1773-90,  and  in  Paris,  1778-1808 ;  invited  to  St.  Peters- 
burg, 1788  ;  died  near  Paris.  C^L  88] 

OLEBK.    [See  also  Clark,  Clarke,  and  Clerks.] 

OLEBK,  Sir  GEORGE  (1787-1867),  statesman ;  of 
Penicuik ;  succeeded  as  sizth  baronet,  1798 ;  edncated  at 
Edinburgh  and,  1806,  Trinity  College,  Ozford :  advocate  at 
Scottish  bar,  1809;  D.C.L.  Ozford,  1810;  M.P.,  1811-63: 
lord  of  the  admiralty,  1819-37 ;  under-seCTetary  for  home 
affairs,  1830 ;  master  of  the  mint,  1846-6.  [zL  88] 

OLEBZ,  Sir  GEORGE  RUSSELL  (1800-1889),  Indian 
civilian  ;  educated  at  Haileybury  College  ;  writer  in  East 
India  Company's  service,  1817.  and  subsequently  held  soo- 
cessively  several  subordinate  positions ;  political  agent  at 
Amb&la,  1881;  British  envoy  at  Lahore;  governor  of 
Bombay,  1846-8  and  1860-3 ;  K.C3.,  1848 ;  permanent 
under-secretary  to  India  board,  1866,  and  secretary,  1867 ; 
permanent  under-secretary  of  state  for  India,  1868 ;  mem- 
ber of  Indian  council,  1868 ;  G.C&L,  1866. 

[Suppl.  iL  84] 

OLEBZ,  JOHN  (d.  1641),  bishop  of  Bath  and  Wens; 
M.A.  Cambridge,  1603 ;  LL.D.  Bologna ;  rector  of  Hotb- 
fldd,  Kent,  1608,  with  other  benefices ;  dean  of  Windsor, 
1619 ;  chaplain  and  agent  of  Wolsey ;  envoy  to  Rome, 
1631 ;  master  of  the  rolls,  1633-8 ;  bishop  of  Bath  and 
Wells,  1638 :  tried  to  obUin  the  papacy  for  Wotoey,  1638 ; 
envoy  to  France,  1636,  and  to  Rome,  1637 :  assented  to 
Henry  VIII's  divorce,  1639 ;  envoy  to  Cleves,  1640. 

[XL  89] 

OLEBX,  JOHN  (d.  1663),  Roman  catholic  writer; 
educated  at  Ozford ;  visited  France  and  Italy ;  aeoretary 
to  Thomas,  duke  of  Norfolk ;  committed  snidde  in  the 
Tower ;  published  translations  and  theologioal  pieoea. 

rzL40] 

OLEBZ,  Sir  JOHN  (1684-1766X  of  Penicuik ;  anti- 
quary ;  advocate ;  M.P.  in  Scottish  parliament,  1703-7 ;  a 
ooDunisaioner  for  the  union,  1707 ;  judge  of  the  exchequer 
court  in  Scotland,  1708-66  ;  succeeded  as  second  banmet, 
1738:  patron  of  Allan  Ramsay;  collected  antiquities; 
wrote  antiquarian  tracts.  [xL  40] 

OLEBZ,  JOHN  (1738-1813X  naval  writer ;  of  Eldin ; 
younger  son  of  Sir  John  Clerk  [q.  v.]  :  sncoessfol  mer- 
chant in  Edinburgh ;  practised  drawing  and  etching,  1770 ; 
bought  Eldin,  near  Edinburgh,  c  1778  ;  wrote  on  'Eany 
on  Naval  Tactics,'  privately  printed,  1783,  published,  1790, 
and  enlarged,  1797.  [xL  41] 

OLEBZ,  JOHN,  Lord  Eldin  (1767-188S),  Scottish 
judge;  eldest  son  of  John  Cletk  (1738-1813)  [q.  v.]; 
apprentice  to  a  writer  to  the  signet ;  accountant ;  advo- 
cate, 1786 ;  lord  of  session,  1838-8 ;  failed  as  a  judge. 

[XL  43] 

OLEBZ,  JOSIAH  (1689-in4X  physldan ;  entered 
Peterhouse,  Cambridge,  1666  ;  MJ).,  1666  ;  feUow  of  the 
London  (College  of  Physicians,  1676 ;  president,  1708. 

Cxi.  48] 

OLEBZ,  MATTHEW  (1669-17S6X  Irish  presby- 
terian ;  served  in  siege  of  Derry,  1689  ;  minister  of  KUreo, 
CO.  Dory,  1697-1739 ;  wrote  against  non-anbocription  to 
the  Westminster  Confession,  1731 ;  minister  and  aohoot- 
master  at  Londonderry,  New  Hampshire,  17S9. 

CzL4S] 

OLEBZ,  WILLIAM  (d.  1666X  civilian ;  LLJ).  Gam- 
bridge,  1639 ;  practised  at  Doctors'  Commons,  1639 ;  a 
jud^  of  the  admiralty,  1661 ;  published  a  law  pamfdilet, 
1681.  [zi.  44] 


GLEBZ-KAZWSLL,  Sir  GEORGE  (1716-1784),  of 
Penicuik  ;  second  son  of  6\x  John  Clerk  [q.  v.]  ;  educated 
at  Edinburgh  and  Leyden  ;  assumed  the  name  Olerk-Maz- 
weil  on  marrying  the  heiress  of  Middlebie,  Domfrieashire ; 
succeeded  to  baronetcy  and  Penicuik  estate,  178S  ;  wrote 
on  farming.  [zL  44] 


OLEPHAZE,  JOHN  (cf .  1768),  physician ;  M.D.  St. 
Andre^ra,  1739;  arour  physioian:  ^ysidsAi  to  St. 
Cteorge's  Hospital,  Loodon,  1761,  [zL  37] 


:,  JAMES  (1881-1879),  first  pro- 
fessor of  ezperimental  physics  at  Cambridge ;  contributed 
ptpen  to  the  Royal  Sooie^  of  Edinburgh,  on  curves, 
1846  and  1849,  and  on  the  equilibrium  of  elostio  8<dkU, 
1850 ;  left  Edinburgh  for  Cambridge ;  fellow  of  Trinity 
College,  1865 ;  professor  of  natural  philosophy  at  Aber- 
deen,  1856-60,  and  at  King's  College,  London,  1860-f ; 
elected  without  oppositicm  to  the  new  chair  of  azperi- 
mental  physics    at    Cambridge,  1871;    bis 


249 


OliTFFORD 


*  gained  the  Adams  prize,  1867 ;  and  his 
on  the  kinetic  theory  of  gase^  are  described  in 
many  patten,  bat  his  theories  are  not  altogether  accepted 
bow;  mvesti^ated  the  theory  of  ooloors  in  relation  to 
iiihHii  NiiiiliMMi.  on  which  he  read  a  paper  before  the 
a^al  Sodflty,  1880,  and  gained  the  Romford  medaL  His 
best-kaovn  researches,  dealing  with  electricity  and  mag- 
BetinB,eaaimaiced  1866 ;  and  the  theories  he  fonnolated 
tai  biatnatiae,  187S,  daily  gain  more  and  more  acceptance ; 
liii  rmiTT^  physicists  are  engaged  in  dereloping  his  ideas : 
bcalMtaBed  his  attention  to  electrical  measurements 
aad  Iks  velocity  of  propagation  of  electro-magnetic 
wavea.  Be  foonded  a  scholarship  in  experimental 
phjBiasai  Cambridge.  [xxxriL  118] 

*"***^     [See  also  Olark,  Clarke,  and  Olebk.] 

f^-^!9ww  BABTHOLOMEW  (1637  7-1690X  cirUian : 
aJia  itiil  at  Ston ;  fdlow  of  King's  C!ollege,  Cambridge, 
1667:  ICJU  166S:  studied  at  Paris;  proctor  at  0am- 
brUge.  16M  and  1669  ;  LL.D. :  M.P.  for  Bramber,  1671 ; 
saeietary  to  Thomas  SackviUe,  lord  Backhurst,  1671 ; 
dean  of  ardMa,  1676 ;  archdeacon  of  Wells,  1682  ;  em- 
bayed in  the  Low  Ooontries,  1686-7 ;  pabliahed  a  reply  to 
TTlrhnlai  Banders,  167S,  and  other  works.  [xL  46] 


OHABLES  (1741-1779),  drcamnayigator : 
eutaed  the  na^y,  c  1766 :  sailed  round  the  world  with 
John  Byron  [q.  r.],  1764-6 ;  alleged  that  the  Patagoniana 
w<ae  c%ht  feet  taJgh:  master's  mate  in  James  Coolc's 
[<|.  ▼.]  voyage,  1768-71:  lieutenant  in  Cook's  second 
Tofiga^  1779-4 ;  commanded  ship  in  (Xmk's  third  voyage, 
in«.  [xL  46] 


GLSBKS  or  GLABKZ,  FRANCIS  (/I.  1694).  civi- 
ban:  pcactiaed  at  Doctors*  Commons,  1669;  B.C.L. 
Oxted,  16M:  wrote  Latin  mannals  of  the  admiralty 
aad  iMlflaitif  1  ooorts.  [xi.  46] 


GILBBRT  (16S6-1697?X  mathematician; 
loaaex  College,  Cambridge,  1641 ;  fellow, 
1648-66 ;  prert>ytertan  minister,  1661 ;  lived  in  retirement ; 
pobli^bed  Latin  mathCToatical  and  theological  treatises, 
IW^U.  [xU  47] 

tnwwww  HENBT  (d.  1687X  physician;  demy  of 
ICifitakn  Oolkge,  Oxford ;  fellow,  1642-«7  ;  M.A.,  1644  ; 
1L&,  166S :  prudent,  1673-87.  [xi.  47] 

QUaXE,  BICHARD  (d.  1634X  divine ;  D.D.  Christ's 
OoBsie,  Cambridge :  vicar  of  Minster,  Thanet,  ^697  ;  one 
€C  the  six  preadierv  at  Canterbury,  1602  f  one  of  the 
tnariators  of  the  Old  Testament ;  hLB  sermons  published, 
iCir.  ^xi.  48] 


SIB  WILLIAM  HENRY  (1761-1818X 
bsnoet:  of  (Thrist  Church,  Oxford,  1769;  B.C.L.  All 
8odi'  OoOege,  1778 ;  succeeded  as  eighth  baronet,  1778 ; 
iwtor  of  Bory,  Lancashire,  1778  ;  imprisoned  for  debt ; 
pobUthed  semMna  and  pamphlets.  [xL  49] 


OUET,  MICTHAEL  (1676-1643).    [See  O'Cleary.] 


I,  first  DUKK  ov,  second  creation. 
Vdix,  Wiujjlm  Harrt,  1766-1842.] 


B 


1646-6 :  imprisoned  at  Yarmouth,  1666 ;  rdeased  by 
Cromwell ;  published  *  Poems,*  1666 ;  his  works  re-edited, 
1677,  as  '  Clievelandi  Vindicia.'  [xL  60] 

OLEVBLBY.  JOHN  (1747-1786).  marine  painter  in  oil- 
and  water-colours ;  twin-brother  of  Robert  Cteveley  [q. v.] : 
exhibited,  as  John  Cleveley,  junior,  chiefly  views  on  the 
Thames,  1767-82 ;  draughtsman  in  Sir  Joseph  Banks's 
voyage  to  the  Hebrides,  1772,  and  Captain  Phipps's  to  the 
north  seas,  1774.  [xi.  63] 


.,    THOMAS  HENBY  8HADWELL  j(1792- 
1M>X  military   joamalist ;   ensign,  1808 ;   disabled    by 
voonds  for  field  service,  1811 ;   major,  1830 ;  editor  of  j 
'OBannm*s  United  Service  Magazine,'  1829-42. 

[xL48] 
m.nrrK     WILLIAM  (/I.  1696X  reputed  author  of 
'TheTriallof  Bastardie,*  1694,  and  '  Polimanteia,*  1696; 
attend  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  1676 ;  fellow,  1579; 
XJL,  Ifgt.  [xi.  48] 


[See 


,  Duchess  of  (1641-1709).    [Sec  Vil- 
3 


Earl  ov  (1691-1667).    [See  Went- 
voBTB,  Sir  Thomas.] 

AUGUSTUS  (1765-1784),  maj^istrate 


«(  Bcfdipoor,  BengaL  [xi.  49] 

GUTSLUn),  JOHN  (1613-1668X  cavalier  poet; 
CBloed  Clirist's  OoHkf^  Cambridge,  1627 ;  fellow  of  St. 
Jflte'S  OMtge,  Cambridge,  1634-46 ;  M.A.,  1635  :  tutor  ; 
0|ipQsed  Oromwdl's  dection  as  M.P.  for  Cambridge 
boroQgli,  1640;  ejected  as  a  royalist,  1646;  his  verses 
in  roymlisi  dreks ;   jodge-advooate  at  Newark, 


OLEYELSY,  BOBEBT  (1747-1809X  marine  painter  in 
oil-  and  water-colours;  tv^-brother  of  John  Clevd^ 
[q.  v.]  ;  exhibited,  1780-96.  [xL  68] 

(JLEVE&LET,  SAMUEL  (d.  1824X  physician  ;  M.D. 
Edinburgh,  1797 ;  went  to  study  on  the  continent ; 
prisoner  in  France,  1803-14 ;  practitioner  in  London, 
1816-24.  [xi.  64] 

CLEYBS,  ANNE  ov  (1616-1667).    [See  Anxr.] 

(3LEYK,  FBANC;iS  (1690  7-1668X    [See  Clkdt.] 

GLBTPOLS.    [See  Clatpools  or  Clatpolx.] 

OLIDXBHOU,  BOBERT  db  (d.  1339  7\  justiciar ;  of 
Bayley,  near  Clitheroe,  Lancashire ;  a  clerk  of  chancery 
under  Edward  I  and  Edward  II;  justice  itinerant  for 
Kent,  Surrey,  and  Sussex,  1311 ;  king's  escheator,  north 
of  Trent,  1316  ?-18 ;  parson  of  Wigan  from  before  1321 
till  death ;  fined  for  supporting  Lancaster,  1823 :  built 
cLapel  at  Bayley,  1381.  [xi.  64] 

CLSFT,  HENBY  db  (d.  1384),  judge ;  a  master  in 
chancery  before  1817  ;  auditor  of  petitions,  1320 ;  canon 
of  York,  1824 ;  master  of  the  rolls,  1826-84.       [xi.  66] 

CUFFOBD,  ANNE,  Ooxnmaa  or  DoRnr,  Pbmbrokr, 
and  MoNTOOHKRT  (1690-1676X  heiress  of  George  Clifford, 
third  earl  of  Cumberland  [q.  v.] ;  involved  in  lawsuits 
over  the  estates  ;  educated  by  Samuel  Danid  [q.  v.],  the 

e)et :  married,  firstly,  February  1609,  Bichard  Sackville. 
rd  Buckhurst  (earl  of  Dorset,  1609) ;  claimed  the  barony 
of  Clifford,  1628  ;  married,  secondly,  1680,  Philip  Herbert, 
earl  of  Pembroke  and  Montgomery  (d.  1660);  lived  un- 
happily with  both  husbands ;  inherited  the  Clifford  estates, 
1643 ;  passionatdy  fond  of  building ;  wrote  an  auto- 
biography. [xL  66] 

OLIFFOBD.  ABTHUB  (1778-1880),  antiquary;  at 
Stonyhurst  College,  1796 ;  published  letters  of  Sir  Balph 
Sadler  Tq.  v.],  1809,  *Tixall  Poetry,'  1818,  and  *  TixaU 
Letters,^  1816 ;  published  also  a  history  of  the  (Tllffords,  a 
history  of  Tixall  parish,  and  educational  pamphlets. 

[xi.67] 

GLIFFOBD,  Sir  AUGUSTUS  WILLIAM  JAMBS 
(1788-1877),  usher  of  the  black  rod  (1882-77);  educated 
at  Harrow;  entered  the  navy,  1800;  served  in  West 
Indies,  1808,  and  Mediterranean,  1807-12 ;  captain,  1812 ; 
rear-admiral,  :1848 ;  admiral  of  the  red,  1864  ;  M.P.  for 
Irish  constituencies,  1818-32;  knighted,  1880;  created 
baronet,  1838.  [xi.  68] 

OLIFFOBD,  Sir  CONYEBS  (d.  1699X  military  com- 
mander ;  of  Bobbing  (Doort,  Kent ;  knighted,  1691 ;  M.P. 
for  Pembroke,  1698 ;  hon.  M.A.  Cambridge,  1696  ;  ser- 
geant-major in  the  Cadis  expedition,  1696  ;  president  of 
Connaught,  1697  ;  killed  in  battle  with  the  Irish. 

[xi.  69] 

OLIFFOBD,  GEORGE,  third  Earl  of  Citmbbrland 
(1668-1 606  X  naval  commander ;  eldest  son  of  Henry  de 
Clifford,  second  earl  of  Cumberland  [q.  v.] ;  snooeeded  as 
third  earl,  1570 ;  ward  of  Francis  Bussell,  second  earl  of 
Bedford ;  at  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  1671-4 ;  M.A., 
1676 ;  a  gambler ;  wasted  his  estates ;  commanded  a 
queen's  ship  against  the  Armada,  1688;  a  tevourite  at 
Elizabe^'s  court ;  fitted  out  ten  privateering  expeditions, 
mostly  failures,  against  Spain  and  Spanish  America, 
1686-98,  sailing  personally  with  those  of  1689, 1691, 1698, 
and  1698.  [xi.  69] 

OLIFFOBD,  HENBY  db,  fourteenth  Barok  Cliv- 
FORD,  tenth  Baron  of  Wbstmorbland,  first  Barok 
Vebci  (1466  7-1628),  celebrated  in  Wordsworth's 
*  Brougham  Castle  '  and  *  White  Doe  of  Rylstone ' ;  eldest 
son  of  J<din  de  Clifford,  thirteenth  baron  [q.  v.],  who  was 
attainted  and  his  estates  forfeited,  1461 ;  brought  up  as  a 
shepherd ;  restored  to  titles  and  estates,  1485 ;  summoned 
to  parliament,  1486-97 ;  received  the  submission  of  the 
'  Yorkshire  rebels,  1486 ;  fought  at  Flodden,  1618 ;  studied 
'  astrology.  [xi.  61] 


WnrraduLUfD,  and  Huoid  Babov  T»ci  (UM-iut>, 
tidBitioD  dF  HeoTT  de  OUfford,  loaitceatii  butm  [q.  t.1  : 
page  to  Bmnr  Tin  i  itirtal  Sir  Hiny  CIW—  ■  -' 
of  Yoriohln.  IBM :  led  hki  fatlisr'i  bins 
Sootfl,  1B3t ;  »pc«0led  to  tbf 
■frrlcB  Btf^uBt  Ui«SootA  aixl 

16»8-M;  cnntal  B«rl  of  C . 

'BaiT7VnrHE)Lvorw,l&39;  boiegcd  [n  Bkiptot 
tbfl  aorlAerD  [P6iirgea1#.  IAS0;  rewiinied  wL 

OLimiBI).  HENRY  iiE.  Hooiid  B*ni.  oi 
■HHD,  giitanUi   Bakdh   Oufhiiid,  Cwalftli  1 

no  ol  BcDFj  de  OUStad,  Irit  arl  [q.  r.] ;  tlyM  Lord 
[ilM] 


KTuntsI  sS^jitoii  C^uUc.  19 
^Lnol  luraakl  party,  1311 


I.  IGOT:  1 


aamsD.  hknuy.  nm  e«iil 

<ieei-1141),  eoteral  Cliritc  Chnrrb.Ox 
IWS;  K.B^lalU:  tDoimaDsl  ta  tlie  po 

C1isrlB'r<  Scnttliib  wan<.lS3S-4<l^  sncccnlrd  to  rariauuL 
iiegedta^fc.WMriiToUi''J^^"     "  [li,  c'l] 

ourroBO,  hesry  (iraa-isia),  i.^  wdter ;  ot  > 

Bonun  cattaolk  [uaQ;  Dt  Tixall,  SUffaniihlrr ;  educated 
■t  Ufge  :  bsniBia  of  LlncolD'n  Ion,  11M ;  pul>1i>bed 
pamphUiU.  Itm-mo.  [iLU] 


WKH  tit:  ],/.  IMl  ?K  mldlw  aiid  ji^je: 

ln».  mg  ;  fided  i^lb  Se  'Uootton. 

le  tor^fe  vnIM  of  Trvit ;  foo^t  for 
•  and  In  Uia  Walih  —'"'—.  IMi,  and 


Walea,  Ui 


prlaoMT  bf  tbaWddi 


parliatiif 


SlTMOHKHNO  (laSS-UBSX  » 

gnlDtt  tbe  Bpanlib  fleEt,  Itl 
u  tbr  niats,  c  list ;  Bqnm 


I.  \Wa.  Id  Ptaoi*!,  lin,  mil  In  BrlttBD)^, 
,..,ucotJy  nrdni  of  tlis  wnt  marchn.  Agbttng 
SootAl)TI)-8S;  goTetnurof  OarlMe,  ll"' 


mmOaO,  JOHH  de,  thlrtoaUi  BiR 

dnOi  Banon  or  WnnaBKUXD  (U3i? 

i>  da  OUfford,  twelfth  buon  [  <; 

o   padlameal,    .    ,__^ 

.  ..  _.  ..-afldd,  14«0:  utokoiuiMd  'Ibo 
lis  (Tiieltf ;  Ml  at  Ferrjrbridge ;  attalntnl  b; 
IMl.  [»1. 871 

,     UABOARET,    00CMTEB8    O*    CDMBKK- 

i-nm  (1ieo;-lMe}.fouag«Idaiigbta'Df  FraDdeBuudl, 
arl  of  Bedford ;  married,  lt77.  George  OUfford.  tbird  arl 
ot  Oamburlaod  [q.  v.) ;  t^seratM  fnrni  brr  bimband  ;  en- 
rigal  In  lavmiltf  to  secure  her  ibiiigliter'a  nlata,  IflOt 
t«e  OurFonn,  iiiKK,  CoDsn™  iii  DoiiarrJ.     ixi.  W] 

OUPPOKD.  HAEtTlNr4.1<IT7).aiiI]iorot'ATnatlK 
Bf  Hudiiae  Bmaan,'  16T4;  ediicited  at  WMtmlniterj 
a.k.  CaoiDtUgr!.  1M3  :  buflcna  aboat  DonTt.  IGCU ;  wrote 
anonyiDDiis];?  agaio^t  I>i7de& ;  maater  of  tbe  0bart6r< 
boute,  le71.  [,1.  B§] 

OLmOSO.  BI(}HARD(d.  14)l},blibopoI  London: 
eauDo  of  St.  Etgpbeo'E,  Watminitei,  liat ;  (mprlKmed  u 
>  fiTourlUof  BlDhard  □,  ins ;  guardian  ot  tbe  prin  tail 
IIBS-IWO:  plmUtt ;  deu  of  -foikllW:  nomlnatBlby 
tiic  pope  to  tbe  me  of  Bntb  nod  Wdh,  ItOl ;  Mibop  of 
Wdnnlir.  Aognrt,  lUl ;  touubted  to  London.  IM7 : 
pisldHl  at  tbs  trlali  for  bsisf  of  Sir  Jobn  OldcaaUe, 
l41l,andot  JotaB  Clayton.  1411;  attoded  tjie  ooaiiall  of 
Oon.tanof,  Iii«-17 ;  obMlned  lie  papacy  tot  Mnrllii  V, 
HIT.  [,!.#] 


cota,  14U :  ■asunoned  tu  parila- 
aldlDtbe  TtiMol  Oalam44t 

[rLTT] 


GLinVKS.    TROUAE.    Hret  BAnoji  Ci4rroBD  nr 
OBt-IiLEiaH  (ie>0-lB73>.  ot    UghrDoke,   Deroiubliv:   a 
._    ..._.„     .   .QoUisnOnfonl.  1M7. 


if  diuria  □  

biBagUnd,lim:  InMcded  Id  Fnwe 

I  tnUT  ot  DaTit,  Daoaabv  ilTO  i  nanted  MteM  ta 
Ibaileii  II,  isn  1  aoUng  aeiMuT  <K  lEu*.  l«7t :  ndTM 
be  (lUMUioa  «( tiiohHi«r  paynnla,  and  tha  Dictontloa 

f  Indalgence,  1«71 ;  cnatad  BaiOD  OUSmd,  \tn ;  lord 

Igbtnanivr,  l*ni  rcdgnid  ODdo' tlw  Ten  Act,  l«n. 

CLnrOXD,    WALTEB    nn    (d.    llBOf),     InbeXd 


OUFFORD,  WILLIAM  Id.  1«70),  dliioe:  i 
1  tbe  barOD]'  of  ClIllDnl :  cdDcuted  at  Dooay ;  i 


OUTHBIBOW 


■.tTM:  pabUdHlsiHlla]DKU,17I4-»(. 
pUTTOX.  JOHN  0.  (17S1-"— ■ — - 


[xL  87] 
___■,  BOBKHT  COX  (18lO-18SI),dlv[ne;  B.A. 
«r  (MliK^  Oilord,  lUl ;  Mlovr,  ISIS:  ctuplulu 
shHWr  doUtglatc  Church.  1817.  uidrdlan.  IM3: 
I  Sdmsloo,  Oitonl^hin,  Wi3-fll :  cuxm  or  Mu- 
1B«.  [il.  89] 

R,  HBRRT  (ITH-IS!}).   Br^tDu:  tnlned   tn 

..Bi^  Ho^itu],  1781-1811,  ua  RUEson,  ITM^Hll : 
•  HingirtilK.  [iLW] 

OUVr.  ALFRBS  (1807-1881).  MchH  mid  marlnD 
t^alrr:  ■BofGiDntH  OUnt  [q.  T.]:  nhlbluid,  lit9«-7a. 
■1  Int  pcctaKlti,  ttutmeOt  «ut  TicWL  [iL  8e] 

CUXT,  QBORGB  (1770-18(4),  portrait  pBlnlar  aod 


[.!.»] 


tl  pgrtrsiD: 


OUMTOK.  OHABLK8  JOHN  FTHB8  (1789-1873). 
tbiac:  cdocBlwd  at  Wotmliuur  moil  Oriel  OoUiee,  Oi- 
'■""■■"'"         "      if  CrDmwdl.  St 


laia;liem«i«nt-gniw»l.lgn    m 

tt  LiUrLoo.  leiB 

["1  M] 
n  nth  ElBL  o»  LW. 
\       Ti*uviJni  Lti™ 

u\iy>l  4  big  uncle  hi 
«,»<.            [.LMl 

{ITSCH7MX  mcooaifd   blx    broil 
oiScrer  or  ihn  tunuubold.  1  M 
dukedoiu,  17118;  giK-n  hlmMlf  up  to 

OLUfTOlT,    HKNHT    FYNE 

7al  IBMX   ehnmo- 
inutolndergT- 

OLIMTOII.  HENBY  P 
ilEikalom,  170fi ;  at  Jiton.  1 


Hhu7  FfeUukn 
OhrlJt  Gbunth.  i 


1»1    (duoital 

S    Inberllalil 

h  UK)  '  PuU 
«d,1811-S. 


[ILM] 
,    foartli  dukg 


8M.  [irt.  M] 

i];dilerionDf  ^rHeory  CUnto  J  thccldfl'tQ  tI    comet, 

i)|gDd.l7M:'iiuKsde-  imp  loll  Iiikp  of  York.l7»«; 
07«nor  of  Mudelns  IBOI  1  \l  1  108-SO  mmjor. 
FoeraUlWS:  KTredlnHtcUyaiil   i        1819  10   O.O.B, 

laDiial   Bntinh   lorora  hi  PorliiBal     U"t-»      genmil, 

aUPSTOBX,   lORN  (Jl.  1378),  theohwUa]  niltr; 
l.n,  CaoibridKC:  CnrmiHIUfdarnf  KotluuEun. 

[iLlOOl 
).     evadcn- 
1 ;  cnnta  ol 
onbon(l«M,lM8;piib- 


Uihed  Smdenbor^ii  tmsla,  1e3B-7( 

'  New  Utiarvh.'  i>i.  i« 

OUBBOLS,  STEPHEN  <17»G?-1M3),  wrtta 
pamiihleu  aa  trule.  181i>-aB:  ,M.A,  Olsru  Oollega.  O 
brld^  1BV3  ;  nabir  of  VVr^uthvu.  BiifTolk.  18S(MI8. 

[IL  101 

OLITHISOV,  Bin  OHRIMTi'irKKlI  (d.  1M1).  c 


■  no  EaiUud  n»r- 
>|>iUil.    (il.lDl] 
■><^i>.  Um  '  niArtyr  o( 
Ti>rli;'n»rilBl,1671,Jobu011ilwniii-,DuMher;  Robnoaj 
bUQud)'  eismita]  for  liaibooclnc  prMili.  {li.  lOll 


OlilVB 


252 


OIiOUGH 


OLIVZ,  OABOLINE  (1801-1878X  autboreM:  nSe 
Meysey-Wlgley :  married,  1840,  the  Bey.  Archer  GUtc 
(d.  1878) ;  accidentally  burnt  to  death :  pablished,  chiefly 
onder  the  Initial  *  Y ^  renes  and  noTda,  1840-72,  indod- 
inff  *  Paul  Ferroll,'  1856.  [xi.  108] 

OLIVE,  OATHBBINE,  oomipoDly  known  as  Kittt 
CuvB  (1711-17851  actress:  of  Irish  extraction;  nde 
Baftor  :  employed  by  OoU^y  Gibber  at  Dmry  Lane,  1788- 
1741 :  made  her  mark  in  comedy,  1731 ;  married  George 
Olive,  a  barrister,  before  17S4;  taiTestied  the  part  of 
*  Portia,*  1741;  visited  Dublin,  1741;  a  favourite  with 
Handel ;  sang  in  Handel's  *  Samson,*  174S ;  employed  by 
Oanrick  at  Dmry  Lane,  1746-69 ;  pensioned  by  Horace 
Walpole  ;  wrote  dramaUc  sketches,  1753-66.     [xi.  104] 

GLIVZ,  Sib  EDWARD  (1704-1771 X  jadge ;  barrister 
of  Lincoln's  Inn,  1726  ;  iLP.  St  Michael's,  Ck>mwall,  1741 ; 
bmroa  of  the  exchequer,  1746;  justice  of  common 
picas,  1768-70  ;  knighted,  1768.  [xi.  107] 

GUVE,  EDWABD,  first  Earl  of  FOWU  ri764-18S9X 
governor  of  Madras ;  eldest  son  of  Robert  Olive,  baron 
Olive  [q.  v.]  ;  succeeded  to  the  Irish  barony,  1774 ;  M.P., 
Ludlow,  1774-94 ;  created  Baron  Olive  of  Walcot,  in  the 
British  peerage,  1794 ;  governor  of  Madras,  1798-1808  ; 
created  Earl  of  Powis,  1804.  [xi.  108] 

OLIVE,  ROBEBT,  BAROif  Outb  (1726-1774X  gover- 
nor of  Bengal ;  eldest  son  of  an  impoverished  Shropshire 
squire ;  exhibited  a  tnrbulent  and  masterful  temper  at 
school ;  offered  writership  in  the  East  India  Oompany's 
service,  1748 ;  reached  Madras  penniless  and  in  d^t 
owing  to  an  exceptionally  protracted  Toyage,  1744; 
friendless  and  miserable :  tried  to  shoot  hioosotf ;  taken 
prisoner  by  Labonidonnais  at  Madras,  S^tember  1746 ; 
escaped  to  Fort  St.  David ;  ensign,  1747 ;  showed  great 
bravery  at  the  unsuccessful  siege  of  Pondloherry,  1748 ; 
lieutenant  under  Major  Stringer  Lawrence  at  IMrikota ; 
commissariat  offlca ;  twice  sent  in  charge  of  reinforce- 
ments to  Triohinopoly  ;  captain  ;  allowed  to  try  his  plan 
of  attacking  Arcot,  capital  of  the  Oamatio ;  marched  nom 
Madras,  and  occupied  Arcot,  1761 ;  besieged  by  ten  thou- 
sand troops  28  Sept.-14  Nov. ;  beat  off  all  attacks,  having 
only  eighty  Europeans  and  160  Sepcqrs  efficient :  reinforced, 
16  Nov. ;  defeated  the  enemy  at  Ami ;  twice  took  Oonjeve- 
ram :  defeated  the  French  and  natives  at  04verip4k ; 
helped  Major  Lawrence  to  take  Trichinopoly  ;  reduced 
Oovdong  and  Ohingleput ;  invalided  to  England,  1768 ;  paid 
his  father's  debts  ;  tried  to  enter  parliament ;  appointed 
lieotenant-col<md ;  reached  Bon^y,  1756;  hdped  to 
reduce  Gheriah,  the  stronghold  of  the  pirate  Angria,  1766  : 
took  charge  of  Fort  St  David,  20  June  1766  (the  day  before 
the  *  Black  Hole*  of  Calcutta) ;  recovered  Calcutta  and 
Hilkgli :  came  to  terms  with  Sarkj  nd  Dowlah,  the  guilty 
naw4b  of  Bengal ;  captured  Ohandemagore ;  discovered 
the  nawib's  intended  treachery ;  negotiated  privately 
with  his  general  Mir  Jaffler,  tluxKigh  the  Hindu  Omi- 
ohand ;  cheated  Omiohand  by  having  two  treaties  drawn 
up,  one  of  them  flctitioos ;  marched  against  the  nawab, 
and  won  the  great  victory  of  Planey,  1767 ;  Installed  Mir 
Jafller  as  nawab  ;  accepted  from  him  a  large  present  and 
the  quit-rent  of  the  company's  territory  ;  governor  of  the 
company's  Bengal  possessions,  1767-60;  repulsed  the 
Dutch  attempt  to  found  a  rival  colony  at  Ohinsura, 
1769 ;  sailed  for  England,  1760  ;  M.P.,  Shrewsbury,  1760- 
1774;  created  Baron  Olive  in  the  Irish  peerage,  1762; 
sent  out  to  put  down  abuses  in  Bengal ;  assumed  the 
G^veraorahip  of  Bengal,  1766 ;  reformed  the  civil  ad- 
ministration ;  restored  miUtai7  discipline  and  pen- 
sioned the  nawiib  of  Bengal ;  obtained  for  the  company 
the  lordship  of  the  province  ;  created,  out  of  a  legacy  from 
Mir  Jaffler,  a  pension  fund  for  disabled  officers  ;  returned 
to  England  in  shattered  health,  1766 ;  ranoorously  at- 
tacked by  politicians  and  others ;  went  through  a  par- 
liamentary inquiry,  ^772-8 ;  became  a  victim  to  opium ; 
committed  suicide.  [xL  108] 

OLOBERY,     BOBEBT    (1719-1800).      [See    Oltn, 

ROBKBT.] 

OLOltrt,  Sir  ABRAHAM  JOSIAS  (179^1886X 
general ;  bom  at  the  Oape ;  oomet,  1809 ;  captain,  1812 ; 
lientenant-o(4oneU  1887  ;  general,  1871 ;  stationed  in  Eng- 
land, 1809-13 ;  i^d»-de-camp  to  the  governor,  Oape  Oolony, 
1818-17  ;  in  India,  1817-19 ;  superintended  the  *  settlers  of 
1890  *  at  Oape  Odonj ;  town  major  of  Oape  Town,  1822- 


1840  :  K.H.,  1886 ;  on  service  in  South  Africa,  1840-64; 
knighted,  1864;  stationed  in  West  Indies,  1856-61; 
rethred,  1877.  [xL  120] 

OLOOIS  or  OLOOY,  ALEXANDER  n614-1698X 
biographer ;  bom  in  Scotland ;  educated  In  Dnblin ; 
chaplain  to  William  Bedell  [q.  t.],  bishop  of  Kilmore, 
1629  ;  beneficed,  1687 ;  persecuted  by  the  Irish  rebeia, 
1641 ;  army  chaplain  in  England,  1643  ;  rector  of  Wig- 
more,  Hoefordshire,  1647-98 ;  wtote  memoir  of  Bishop 
Bedell,  1676.  [xL  120] 

OLOKOUXBY,    second    Baron    (1778-1868).     [See 

LAWLBB8,  VaLKKTIKB  BROWNB.] 

OLONXSLL,  Earl  of  (1789-1798).  [See  fioorr, 
John.] 

GLOITTASFF,  Yiscount  (d.  1660).     [See  Rawbox, 

JOHlf.] 

GLOPTOK,  Sib  HUGH  (d.  1497X  lord  mayor  of  Lon- 
don ;  mercer  iJi  London ;  sheriff  of  Tiondon,  1486 ;  latd 
mayor,  1492 ;  knighted  ;  built  at  Stratftml-oa-ATon, 
*  New  Place'  (afterwards  bought  by  Shakespeare),  1488, 
Trinity  Ohapd,  and  the  stone  bridge  over  the  river. 

[xi  121] 

OLOPTOV,  WALTEB  db  (d.  1412  ?X  judge;  king's 
Serjeant,  1378 ;  chief- justice  of  king's  bench,  1389-1400 ; 
K3.,  1889 ;  became  a  Franciscan  friar  at  Norwich. 

[xLlSf] 

GL08B,  Sir  BARRT  (cf.  1813%  major-general :  cadet 
at  Madras,  1771 ;  distinguished  himself  at  the  sieges  of 
Seringapatam,  1792  and  1799  ;  resident  of  Uyton,  1799 ; 
resident  of  Poena,  1801 ;  retumed  to  Bnglaral,  1811 ; 
created  baronet  [xi  123] 

0L08B,  FRANOIS  (1797-1882X  evangeUcal  dlTine; 
BJL  St  John's  College,  Cambridge,  1820 :  M.A^  1826 : 
rector  of  Cheltenham,  1826  ;  DJ>  Lambeth,  1866 ;  dean 
of  Carlisle,  1866-81 ;  published  sermons  and  pamphlets, 
1826-77.  [^7128] 

0L08B,  JOHN  (1816-1891X  'Poet  Close* :  aon  of  a 
hatcher  at  Gnnnerside,  Swaledale ;  published  tracts  of 
verse ;  established  himself  as  printer  at  Kirkby  St^hei ; 
attracted  patrons  by  his  rhyming,  and  obtained,  I860, 
civil  service  pension,  which  was  withdrawn,  1861,  after 
much  public  discussion  ;  continued  to  issue  pamphlets  ai 
metrical  balderdash  untU  hU  death.  [SnppL  IL  84] 

OLOBB,  NICHOLAS  (d.  1462X  bLohop;  feUow  of 
King*s  Oollege,  Cambridge,  1443  ;  a  commissioner  to  Scot- 
land, 1449 ;  andideacon  of  (Colchester ;  D.D. ;  bishop  of 
Carlisle,  1460 ;  translated  to  Lichfield,  1462.       [xi  124] 


OLOSB, 

genealogist 


THOMAS     (1796-1881X     antiquary     and 

[xi  126] 


0L088B,  GEOBOE  (yl.  1586X  divine;  M.A.  Trinity 
College,  Cambridge,  1679;  ejected  from  the  vicarage  of 
Ouckfield,  Sussex,  1681 ;  libelled  the  lord  mayor  of  LGodon 
in  a  sermon  at  Paul's  Cross,  1686.  [xi  126] 

OLOSTXRKAH,  JOHN  (1666-1713),  portrait^palnter ; 
bom  at  Osnabnrg,  Hanover  ;  visited  Paris,  1679  ;  came  to 
England,  1681 ;  visited  Madrid,  1696,  and  Italy ;  painted 
the  Blenheim  group  of  the  Duke  of  Marlboroogh  and 
his  family,  e.  1698.  [xi  126] 

OLOTWOBTHY,  Sm  JOHN,  first  Viboguxt  Masbb- 
RBBNB  (d,  1666X  an  Antrim  landowner:  opponent  of 
Stcaflora's  Irish  administration ;  M.P.,  Maldon,  1640 :  a 
manager  of  the  proceedings  agidnst  Strafford ;  joined  in 
the  prosecution  of  Laud ;  annoyed  Laud  on  the  scaffold, 
1646 ;  envoy  to  Ormonde,  1646 ;  accused  by  t^e  army 
leaders  of  embeazlement,  1647 ;  expelled  from  the  Commons, 
January  1648 ;  replaced,  June  1648 ;  impristooed,  1648-51 : 
employed  in  Irish  affairs,  1653-4  ;  agent  in  England  for 
the  Irish  adventurers  and  landh(riding  soMiers,  1660  ; 
created  Viscount  Massereene,  1660.  [xi  126] 

OLOXrOH,  ANNE  JEMIMA  (1820-1892),  fintt  principal 
of  Newnham  College,  Cambridge  ;  sister  of  Arthur  Hugh 
Clough  [q.  ▼.] ;  resided  at  IJverpool,  where,  1841,  she 
started  a  school,  which  she  removed  to  Ambleside,  1852  ; 
became  acquainted  with  Miss  Emily  Davies,  Madame 
Barbara  Leigh  Smith  Bodichon  [q.  v.],  and  Miss  Buss  and 
others  interested  in  cause  of  education  of  women  ;  secre- 
tary, 1887-70,  and  president  1878-4,  of  North  of  England 
cocuiGil  for  promoting  higlur  education  of  women :  bead. 


CTLOUGH 


ViS 


OOBBOLD 


1871,  of  hoo»B  of  rasidenoe  tor  women  atadeots  at  0am- 
bridge,  vfaich  altimatcly  devek^ted  into  Newnham  OoUege. 

CSappl.  iL  3S3 
GLOirOK,  ARTHUR  HUQH  (181»-1861X  poet ;  aon  of 
a  Liverpool  cotton  merchant  ;edaoated  at  Rugby,  18S9<-36  ; 
fcholar  oC  BaUiol  OoUege,  Ozfoxd,  18S7  ;  B.A.,  1841 ; 
fdlow  of  Oriel  College,  1841-8,  and  tator,  1848-8 ;  TiMted 
Ptaie,1iome,  and  Venice,  1848-60 ;  principal  of  Unirenitj 
HaO,  liODdaa,  1849-53  :  risited  Boston,  America,  186S-S ; 
erammpr  in  the  edaoatiim  ofDoe,  London,  186S  ;  risited, 
in  ffl-beelth,  Greece,  the  Fyreneee,  Italy,  1861 ;  died  at 


!^pabliahed  his  first  poem,  1848 ;  rerlnd  a  truna- 
latian  ef  flotarch's  *  lites,*  185»-60 ;  his  poems  and  letters 


pnhftrtiwl,  1869. 


[xLl»7] 


CLOVGS,  RIOHARD  (d,  U70X  merofaant :  chorister 
at  Chester :  noerchant  in  Liradon ;  went  on  pilgrimage  to 
Jennaiem:  knight  of  the  Holy  Sepolchre;  factrar  at 
Aacwerp  for  Sir  Thomas  Oresham,  lBSS-69;  soggested 
aa  exchange,  Loodoo,  1661 ;  granted  a  lease  of  crown 
iaada,  16Ǥ  ;  Tisited  Spain,  1667 ;  boilt  PUs  Oloogh,  Den- 
haghahire;  died  at  Hamburg;  his  wealth  proverbial  in 
Waleik  [zi.  1S8] 

GLOUTT,  THOMAS  (1781 7-1846).    [See  Rubsell.] 

GLOVXB,  JOSBPH  (17i6-1811X  farrier;  blacksmith 
in  Norwidi ;  studied  farriery,  1760 ;  practised  as  veterinary 
1766-8L  [xL  131] 


GLOWXB,  BUTLER  {d,  178S),  menottnt-engraver  and 
printseOer ;  exhibited,  1768-78,  portxaita  and  sketches  in 

[xi.181] 


OI4IWX8,  JOHN  (1748-1881),  Swedenborgian ;  M.A. 
Trinity  OoUage,  Quoobridge,  1769;  fellow;  Tioar  of  St. 
Joiin%  VaDdhester,  1769 ;  began  to  read  Swedenboig, 
1773;  founded  a  Swedenborgian  printing  sode^,  1780; 
isBoed  translations  of  works  by  Swedenborg,  1781-1816, 
and  theologiaal  pamphlets  and  sermons,  1799-1886 ;  wrote 
en  aatotaio^raphy.  [xi.  181] 

GLOWBS,   WnJJAM,  the  elder  (16407-1604).  sur- 
geon ;  8argeon*8  apprentice  in  IJoodcm  ;  army  surgeon  in 
France.  1668 ;  navml  surgeon,  1663-8 ;  practised  surgery  in 
T^wtflon,  1668 ;  surgeon  of  St.  Bartiudomew's  Hospital, 
1661-6,  and  of  Ghzut*s  Hospital ;  army  surgeon  in  the 
Low  Ooontries,    168^7;   naval   surgeon,   1688;   again 
pnclised  in  London ;  published  surgical  treatiieB  of  some 
neclt,  1679-160S.  [xL  ISS] 

OILOWn,  WlLLLAiL,  the  younger  (1688-1648X  sur- 
geon; son  of  William  Olowea  the  elder  (1640  7-1604) 
i^  ▼•] ;  practised  in  London,  1606  till  death ;  surgeon  to 
Cbsrlei  I ;  pixMecnted  Leverett  for  assnming  the  royal 
fnrogative  of  toochizxg  for  the  king's  evil,  1637. 

[xL  134] 
0L0WE8,  WILLIAM,  the  elder  (1779-1847X  printer  ; 
Hinolioed  at  Chichester ;  came  to  London,  1803 ;  com- 
mcnoed  business  by  himself,  1803  ;  the  first  to  use  steam 
Bttcfaioery  for  book-printing,  1838.  [xL  134] 

CLOWXS,  WILLIAM  (1780-1861),  primitive  me- 
^^Kidiit;  a  Staffordshire  potter ;  champion  dancer ;  joined 
W«dqrui  metbodista,  1806 ;  local  preacher,  1808-10  ;  oo- 
voBder  of  the  primitive  metbod^ts,  1810 ;  preached  in 
north  of  Sngland.  [xi.  136] 

CLOWES,  WILLIAM,  the  younger  (1807-1883), 
Pnoter ;  eklcst  son  of  William  Olowes  the  elder  (1779- 
^^  [q.  v.]  ;  entered  his  father's  business,  1883. 

[xL  136] 

CLVBBS,  JOHX  (17037-177SX  satirical  writer  ;  B.A. 
Kiog^  Golkge,  Cambridge,  1736 ;  vicar  of  Debenham, 
^ffoik,  1730 ;  rector  of  Whatfleld,  Suffolk,  1736-73  ;  pnb- 
iBbed  a  sermon,  1761,  and  burlesques,  1768-70.  [xL  136] 

CLITBBB,  WILLIAM  (1746-1814),  poetical  writer; 
"0  of  John  Clnbbe  [q.  r.] ;  LL.B.  Oaius  College,  0am- 
t*idfe,  1769;  rector  of  Flowton,  1769,  and  Ticar  of 
^laderten,  SoffoUc,  1770 ;  published  verses,  1793-1806. 

[xi.  136] 

aULOW,  WILLIAM  BENTON  (1808-1883),  dissent- 
OK  minister :  pastOT  at  Shaldon,  Devonshire,  1833  ;  tutor 
»  iiredale  College.  Bradford,  1836-43 ;  published  essays, 
li4M6.  [xi.  136] 

QLVUS,  JOHN  (17677-1819X  oompoeer  of  Scottish 
*)99 :  adioolma^ter  and  precentor  of  Marldnch,  Fife- 
ihioe.  1786 ;  minister  of  Bortbwick,  MMtothian.  1791. 

[xL  137] 


OLTJTTlRBUCnC,  HENRT  (1767-1856),  medical 
writer ;  surgeon's  apprentice  at  Truro  ;  came  to  London, 
1788;  qualified  as  a  surgeon,  1790;  studied  medicine  at 
Edinburgh,  1803,  and  Glasgow ;  M.D.  OUsgow,  1804 ;  a 
leading  physician  in  London ;  lectured  on  materia  medioa ; 
published  medical  treatLses,  1794-1846.  [xi.  137] 

aLUTTSRBXrOK,  ROBERT  (1773-1831),  topographer ; 
BJL  Exeter  College,  Oxford,  1794  ;  published  a  flndy 
illustrated  history  of  Hertfordshire,  1816-37.      [xL  138] 

OLTBB,  Ba&on  (1793-1863X  [See  Campbkll,  Sm 
Colin.] 

OLTFFB,  WILLIAM  (</.  1658),  divine ;  LL.B.  Cam. 
bridge,  1614  ;  LL.D.,  1633  ;  admitted  to  Doctors'  Commons, 
1538 ;  commfaisary  of  London  diocese,  1638-9  ;  prebendary 
of  St.  Paul's,  1536 ;  archdeacon  of  London,  1539-33 ; 
prebendary  of  York,  1533,  precentor,  1634,  treasurer,  1638- 
1547 ;  archdeacon  of  Cleveland,  1533 ;  dean  of  Chester, 
1647-68.  [xL  188] 

anrJT  (994  7-1035).    [SeeCAKOTE.] 

00ATE8,  CHARLES  (17467-1813),  antiquary;  edu- 
cated at  Reading  ami  Cambridge ;  M.B.,  1767  vicar  of 
Preston,  Dorset,  1780 ;  vicar  of  Osmington,  Dorset  1788- 
1813  ;  F.SJL,  1793 ;  published  a  history  of  Reading,  1808, 
and  a  supplement,  1809.  [xi.  139] 

00ATB8,  ROBERT  (1773-1848),  amateur  actor; 
known  as  Rombo  Coatbb  ;  son  of  a  wealthy  Antigua 
planter ;  at  school  in  England  ;  acted  in  private  thei^- 
cals  in  Antigua,  1806 ;  acted  in  Bath,  London,  and  else- 
where, 1810-16 ;  hissed  off  the  stage ;  withdrew  for  a  time 
to  Boulogne.  [xL  139] 

00AT8,  THOMAS  (1809-1883),  thread  manufac- 
turer ;  benefactor  of  Paisley ;  collector  of  Scottish  ooins. 

[xL  140] 

OOBB,  JAMES  (1766-1818),  dramatist ;  clerk  in  the 
East  India  Company^s  office ;  wrote  twen^-four  dramatic 
pieces,  1779-1809.  [xL  140] 

OOBB,  SAMUEL  (1675-1713X  translator  and  vendfler; 
educated  at  Christ's  Hospital,  London,  1683-94;  MJL 
Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  1703;  master  at  Christ's 
Hospital,  1703-13  ;  published  poUUcal  odes,  1694-1709,  and 
translations  from  Latin  and  Qreek,  published  1709-14. 

[xi.  141] 

OOBBB,  CHARLES  (1687-1765),  archbishop  of  Dub- 
lin ;  educated  at  Winchester  and  Trinity  College,  Oxford ; 
M.A.,  1713;  chaplain  to  the  lord-lieutenant  of  IreUuid, 
1717 ;  dean  of  Ardagh,  1718 ;  bishop  of  KiUala,  1730,  and 
Dromore,  1737 ;  translated  to  Kildare,  1731 ;  dean  of  Christ 
Church,  Dublin ;  D.D.  Dublin,  1735 ;  translated  to  Dublin, 
1743.  [xi.  148] 

OOBBETT,  WILLIAM  (1763-1835X  essayist,  poU- 
Ucian,  and  agriculturist ;  son  of  a  labourer  at  Fam- 
ham,  Surrey ;  sdf-taugbt ;  enlisted  as  soldier,  1788 ;  sored 
In  Nova  Scotia,  1784-91 ;  withdrew  to  France  and  to 
Philadelphia,  1793,  to  avoid  prosecution  through  his 
agitating  for  Increase  of  soldiers'  pay ;  bookseller  and  pub- 
lisher, on  the  loyalist  side,  1796  ;  prosecuted  for  llbd,  1797 ; 
withdrew  to  New  York,  1797,  and  to  London,  1800 ;  an 
active  tory  journalist,  1801;  but  afterwards  adopted 
popular  opinions,  and  from  1804  wrote  In  ^e  radical  In- 
terest, with  chanMsterlstic  directness  and  vigour ;  farmed 
In  Hampshire,  1804-17 ;  withdrew  to  America,  1817-19 ; 
wrote  strongly  In  favour  of  Queen  Caroline,  1830 ;  fanned 
land  in  Surrey,  1881 ;  tried  to  enter  parliament,  1881 ; 
M.P.  Oldham,  1833 ;  wrote,  with  exceptional  perspicuity 
and  force,  on  grammar,  economics,  and  other  subjects. 
*  Cobbett's  Wettly  Political  Register,'  begun  In  January 
1808,  was  continued  UU  his  death.  [xi.  148] 

OOBBZV,  INGRAM  (1777-1851X  congregational  minis- 
ter, 1808-38 ;  published  scripture  commentaries. 

[xi.  145] 

OOBBOLD,  ELIZABETH  (1767-1884),  poetess;  n^ 
Kuipe ;  published  poems,  1787  ;  married  William  Clarke  of 
Ipswich,  1790 ;  published,  as  Eliza  Clarke, '  The  Sword,'  a 
novel,  1791 ;  married  John  Cobbold  of  Ipswich,  1793  ;  her 
coUeoted  poems  pubUsbed,  1835.  [xl.  145] 

COBBOLD,  JOHN  SPENCER  ri76»-1837X  divine; 
fellow  of  Calus  College,  Cambridge ;  M.A.,  1793 :  master 
of  Nuneaton  school,  1794 :  rector  of  Woolplt,  Suffolk, 
1831 ;  published  sermooa  and  essays.  [xL  146] 


OODBBAV,  WtLUAU  (I7SB-17SS).  piiDtcr :  art 
itadent  In  OUiitow,  1761.  bdi]  Italy.  1761 ;  mach  empli^ad 
In  Gtugow  ai  urtnlt-paluUr  uid  mlniAturi^t. 

[ri.  IM] 

OOOEaAK-FATBJOK.  BOBBBT  WILLIAM  (ISU- 
1897),  Bl4it«miin  and  iiumlsmiUU;  B.A.  BtUnbaij^ 
,.  „  .^, „  omnnridge,  igM;  P^^A.Soot- 


1  of  Rli 


pmobtd  (IB»7)  fqr  imtng  (l»a8)ai 

K  (d,  1!»7).  bi.Iiop 

.„ ,  Jitord,  Md  OunlirMi,. 

DeudHT  irf  Hcrelord,  Weill.  LduOod,  ud  York  ■  mi 
the  pope.  """—-■■- 


bcdlt  ■  litinu;  far  Oifont 


Unlrenlty.t  IWO;  hie  bDOki  pluOBl 


OOBUSa.     DmtB    or    (1M*-I»OOK      [aee  itjiuin 


cooHEABE,  joasDUNBAacnso-u  

imvnt  DfflcQT ;  tniTpIlal  Ihrougb  Fiajirv.  8p&Lii.  ajid 
PortuBul.  1816 :  travdlai  Lo  lu.»i.  -    ■  —  --    ■ —  ■ 

JOHy  OXOHQG  {17Bl-IBl>t).  UbUs- 
grupher;  bo<]lEKll«^HitppredU«LnGliupDW;  b       *      ' 
pabUibcr  i^uttd  igslset  Uie  Oopyrigbt  Act.  ' 
Ibe  '  Foreign  Qoarurly  Rorlew.'  LdoiIdd.  16 
..._  .<^i_i__,._    .« .  Bj[n|)m^j,-  Q^tsli^otA  Mr 

■-  ''-'—'unurj,  18H  m 
[IL  IM] 

OOOEEAHX.  ROBERT,   B(BL   or   MlH  (d.  UMi. 

tunuriui  dI  JuDoa  m  or  Eoitlsnd :  in  biTour  bdon 
Kit ;  boUt  tlM  gmt  Imll  In  Btlrljog  CusUe ;  procnml  tla 
rpaidB-  of  Usr,  and  Uic  eiUe  of  Albntir.  Uie  kiiie^ 
brothen,  1479 :  offiiDdBd  UiB  Doblee  by  Uklng  Ui?  nrldom 
of  Uar;  d^r«^t«l  Uu  illTer  mijui^p;  lun^  by  tlia 
DOblm  aC  Laudo.  liL  lUJ 

OOOHBAUB,  THOUAB.  tcntli  Gahl  or  DcHDnKiu) 

earl  [q.  i.] :  styled  Lord  Dnchnnc:  bdil  commbskni  la 
tbeirmy;  flnt  jolnol  liiiiiblp.tlieHlnd.im;  llnilniant, 
17H ;  acrvnl  on  the  Nortli  AimTJCHn  itaUoi.  17Stl-S.  and 
on  the  Preiwh  and  Spanlib  cwns,  17ae-lBIW ;  ai  ocd- 
BBoder  of  tlic  Spsedj,  aplored  manjr  Tcanla,  1800-1; 
capuin,  19U] ;  atptund  by  a  French  ■qaadno,  1801: 
oiehanijed ;  Btodlal  at  BdlabniKii  OnlmriKif,  IBOt-t; 
'---'-' -^  ■- the  Orkney!  gnardihtp,  lWH-4;  milaed  ecu- 


•dully  o 

a  Mpdlierraqwii ! 


JI.P,  1 


OOOBRA^S 


356 


OOOKBtJRN 


■dBuslstnUion  of  Oorfo  and  the  Maltese  priw  court: 
iiuiieii    with  oonepioaoiis  snooees  on  the  Prenoh   and 
Spimkb  ooaete,  1806 ;  bis  plan  for  destroying  the  French 
fleet  ia  Aix  rasMds  frostrated  by  the  jealousy  of  bis  senior 
eOesn,  180t :  g.R,  1809 ;  placed  on  half -pay  for  attacking 
tmnl  abmes :  proposed  a  'secret  war  plan  *  for  destroy- 
taf  aa  flDsov's  fle^  and  coast  defences,  1811 ;  appointed 
to  hie  ancle,  Sir  Alexander  Forrester  InglLs 
i[<|.T.3, 1813 :  falsdyaooased  of  conniranoe  in  a 
fraud,  1814 ;  expelled  from  the  navy,  parlia- 
aad  Ite  Older  of  the  Batn :  at  <moe  re-elected  by  bis 
Wetttoriaslsr  ooostttocDts ;  baraased  by  the  Government 
with  flasB  and  imprisonments,  1814-16 :  his  fines  paid  by 
penoj  laheeilpttoos ;  accepted  orwnmand  of  the  Chilian 
navy,  MIT :  bj  a  series  of  brilliant  sncoeMes  against  the 
1818-S9,  secured  the  independence  of  Chill 
P«s :  admiral  of  the  Braxilian  fleet,  securing  the  Inde- 
of  Bncil,  18n-f :  admiral  ri  the  Greek  navy, 
r-8:  toat  employed  steam-power  in  ships  of  war; 
bj    tnsulxmUnation   and   pecnlatton ;    sue- 
to  a^yMw*!,  July  18SI :  reinstated  in  the  navy  and 
rsai^admirai,  1889;  urged  adoption  of  sorew- 
,  1848 ;  G.03^1847 ;  commander-in-chief  on  the 
criflan  statioD,  1848 :  admiral,  1861 ;  again  pro- 
posed his  *aaeret  war  plan,*  to  cope  with  Rusdia,  1864  *. 
jf^hKmittA  a  narratlTe  of  his  South  American  serrices, 
188A,  and  Ms  autobiography.  1860-1.  [xi.  166] 


Sib  THOMAS  JOHN  (1789-1873X  ad- 
wAnd :  ddest  sob  of  Sir  Almrandw  Forrester  Inglia  Coch- 
rane [q.T.l:  cntsrsd  navy,  1796;  captain,  1806;  rear- 
Mimiml,  1841 :  K.03~  1847  ;  admiral  of  the  fleet,  1866. 

[xL  176] 
OOQBXAVX,  8n  WILLIAM,  of  Oowdon,  first  Earl 
ov  DcvDOSTALD  {4, 1686X  royallst ;  a  great  landowner  In 
Ayrshire  and  Benfrewshire ;  ILP^  Avrshlre,  1644 ;  created 
Banm  OoAnuie  of  Dnndonald,  1647 ;  fined  by  Oromwdl, 
1664 ;  created  Bari  of  Dnndonald,  1669.  [xl.  176] 

OOfnOLan-BAILLIS,  ALBXANDBR  DUNDAS 
ROeS  WISHART,  first  Barok  Lamdioton  (1816-1890), 
r**'***^*"  and  aotbor ;  son  of  Admiral  Sir  Thomas  John 
OscfazaDe  [q.  ▼.]  ;  educated  at  Rton  and  Trinity  College, 
Gbateidfe ;  BJL.,  1837 ;  conservatiTe  M.P.  for  Bridport, 
lB41-6Sri«naztahire,  1867,  Honiton,  1869-68,  and  Isle  of 
wight,  1870-80 :  created  Baron  Lamlngton,  1880 :  joint 
efilor  of,  and  oontribotor  to,  *  The  Owl,'  1864-8 ;  published 
and  other  writings.  [SuppL  U.  37] 


OOCK,  OBOBOB  (<l.  1679).  captain:  serred  In 
Ohsries  I*s  army;  seardier  of  the  port  of  Newcastle, 
IMO;  steward  fdr  sick  and  wounded  seamen,  1664; 
FiLSs  1166 ;  frtead  of  Samuel  Pepys.  [xi.  176] 


[See  also  Cokatnk] 

OOCKATHS,  THOMAS  OSWALD  (1807-1873),  phUo- 
IorM  ;  BJL.  Cambridge,  1838 :  in  holy  orders  :  assistant 
nster  st  King's  OoUege  School,  London,  tUl  1869 :  pab- 
U«l  philological  and  historical  text-books.     [xL  176] 

OOOKATSI,  WILLIAM  (1717-1798),  astronomer: 
cdnatal  at  Merchant  Taylors*  School,  17S8-36 ;  M  Jl.  St. 
^ohn'i  OoOcge.  Oxford,  1744 ;  D.D.,  1764 ;  professor  of 
vtraMiBy,  Chnham  College,  London,  1763-96 ;  rector  of 
Kakhsamtoo,  Oomwall,  1763-98 ;  published  sermons. 

[xL  176] 

OOGXBinUI,  ADAM,  Lord  Ormuton  (1666-1736X 
^^vtthdk  judge;  Inherited  Ormlston,  Haddingtonshire, 
ISH:  s  aeakxu  whig ;  iLP^  Haddingtonshire,  1678, 1681, 
ln».M;  hmi  justice  derk,  1693-9, 1706-10,  and  1714-35  : 
tnunrer  depute,  1699-1703 ;  a  lord  of  session,  styled  Lonl 
OrmlstOD,  17»-U.  [xL  177] 

OOOKXUEM,  SIR  ALEXANDEB  JAMES  EDMUND 
fU(S-1880),  lord  chief- justice  of  England ;  educated  on 
the  oootinent;  entered  Trinity  Hall,  Cambridge,  1833; 
b&9ir  and  LL3.,  1839 ;  barrister  of  the  Middle  Temple, 
Itt:  pnbiishwl  dection  cases  reports,  1833;  obtained 
pnettce  In  election  petitions,  1833-8 ;  serred  on  the  com- 
■WoB  OB  mnniciiial  corporations,  1834 ;  M.P.,  South- 
aaptoQ,  1847  ;  nuule  his  mark  by  defending  Lord  Palmer- 
«te'i  fbrrign  poUcy,  1860 ;  knighted ;  solicitor-general ; 
•ttoney-geDecml,  1861-6 ;  recorder  of  Bristol,  1864 ;  pro- 
nator in  the  Palmer  poisoning  case,  1866 ;  ohief-juHticc 
ti  eosBBon  pleas,  1866 ;  succeeded  to  baronetcy,  1868 ; 
l«nl  ddef-jostice  of  England,  1869 ;  presided  orer  the 
'ncfabome  trial,  1873;  published  legal  and  political 
puspldeCs.  [xi.  177] 


OOOKBITRH.  ALICIA  or  ALISON  (inSt-1794X 
authoress  of  '  Tve  seen  the  smiling  of  fortune  beguiling '  to 
the  tune  *  Flowers  of  the  Forest ' :  nSt  Rutherford ;  mar- 
ried Patrick  Cockbum,  advocate,  1731 ;  a  leader  of  Bdin- 
burgh  society ;  friend  of  Sir  Walter  Soott         [xL  181] 

OOOKBTJBir,  ARCHIBALD  (Jl.  1738X  MJL  ;  clergy- 
man In  St.  Christopher's,  West  Indies ;  pnblishiBd  pam- 
phlet on  the  Intermediate  state.  [xt  183] 

OOCODUBV,  CATHARINB  (1679-1749),  dramatist 
and  philosophical  writer;  tUe  Trotter;  embraced  Ro- 
manism ;  returned  to  the  Anglican  communion,  1707 ; 
married,  1708,  Patrick  Cockbum  [q.  ▼.] ;  brought  out 
tragedies  and  comedies,  1696-1706 ;  wrote  In  defence  of 
Locke,  1703  and  1736 ;  published  ethical  treatises,  1743 
and  1747  ;  her  ooUeoted  prose  works  published,  176L 

[xi.183] 

GOOKBTTBH,  Sir  GBOROE  (1763-1847),  general: 
ensign,  1781;  aide-de-camp  to  General  BUott  at  Gib- 
raltar, 1781-3 ;  sent  to  study  army  manoBOTTes  on  the 
continent,  1785-8  ;  lieutenant-colonel,  1793 ;  nttjor-gene- 
ral,  1803 ;  traveUed  In  Sicily,  1810-11 :  K.C.H.,  1831 ; 
general,  1831 ;  published  notes  of  travel  and  pamphlets. 

[xiri84] 

GOOKBITRH,  Sir  OBORGB  (1773-1863X  admiral : 
put  on  the  ship's  books,  1781 ;  joined  his  ship,  1786 ;  com- 
manded «>hip  in  Mediterranean,  1793-1808,  In  West  Indies, 
1808,  in  river  Scheldt,  1809,  and  on  French  and  Spanish 
coasts,  1810-11 ;  rear-admiral,  1818 ;  sent  to  harass  the 
American  coast,  1813-16 ;  took  part  in  capture  of  Wash- 
ington, 1813  ;  K.C.B.,  1815 ;  conveyed  Napoleon  to  St. 
Helena,  1816 ;  governor  of  St.  Helena,  1816-16 :  M.P.  and 
a  lord  of  the  admiralty,  at  intervals,  1830-46 ;  admiral 
of  the  fieet,  1861 ;  succeeded  to  baronetcy,  1868. 

rxi.184] 

OOOKBTJBir,  HENRT  THOMAS,  Lord  Cockburx 
(1779-1864),  Scottish  judge;  educated  in  Edinburgh; 
advocate,  1800 ;  a  zealous  whig ;  a  cdebrated  pleader  In 
criminal  cases ;  wrote  on  legal  and  political  subjects  in 
pamphlets  and  reviews,  1833-30;  soHdtor-genoal  for 
ScotUnd,  183(M ;  lord  rector  of  GUsgow  University,  1831 
and  1833  ;  a  lord  of  session,  1834,  and  of  justiciary,  1837 ; 
published  a  life  of  Lord  Jeffrey,  1863 ;  his  autobiography 
published,  1866,  his  journal  and  some  of  his  letters,  1874. 

Cxil86] 

OOOKBITRH,  JAMES  (/1. 1783X  colonel ;  saw  thirty- 
six  years*  service ;  present  at  thecaptute  of  (Quebec,  1769, 
and  at  Bunker's  Hill,  1776:  governor  of  St.  Enstatius, 
when  it  was  captured  by  the  French,  1781;  cashiered, 
1783.  [xt  188] 

OOOKBITRH,  JAMBS  PATTISON  (1779  7-1847). 
major-general  royal  artillery  ;  cadet  at  Woolwich,  1793 ; 
f>econd  lieutenant,  royal  artillery,  1796 ;  lieutenant-colonel, 
1836  :  major-general,  1846 ;  director  of  the  Royal  Labo- 
ratory, Woolwich,  183^-46 ;  published  drawings  of  Swiss 
and  Italian  scenery,  1830-9.  [xt  188] 

OOOKBITRH,  JOHN  (1663-1789),  divine ;  studied  at 

I  Edinburgh,  1666,  and  Aberdeen,  1668  (MJL,  1671) ;  or- 

,  dained  by  the  bishop  of  Aberdeen,  1676 ;  minister  of  Udny, 

Aberdeenshire,  1676  ;  minister  of  Old  Deer,  1681 ;  minister 

of  Ormiston,  Haddingtonshire,  1683-9 ;  Imprisoned  as  a 

Jacobite,  1689;    visited  St.  Germalns;  DJ).;  Anglican 

'  chaplain  at  Amsterdam,  1698-1709;  resided  In  London, 

!  1709-14 ;   vicar  of  Northolt,  Middlesex,  1714-39 ;   pub- 

!  lished  sermons  and  theological  tracts.  [xt  189] 

(X>OKBTntir,  PATRICK  (1678-1749),  divine;  son  of 
i  John  Cockbum  [q.  v.] ;  MJL.  Edlnbnrgn,  1706 :  In  Hol- 
Und,  1706  ;  curate  of  Nayland,  Suffolk,  1704-18  ;  ejected 
from  the  curacy  of  St.  Dunstan's,  Fleet  Street,  1714,  for 
refusing  the  oath  to  George  I ;  taught  Latin  In  Chancery 
Lane ;  episcopal  minister  in  Aberdeen,  1786-39  ;  vicar  of 
Long  Hor!»ley,  Northumberland,  from  before  1737  till 
death  ;  publlsihed  Permons.  [xt  191] 

OOOKBTTBH,  WILLIAM  or  PIERS  (d.  1639),  Scottish 
freebooter ;  executerl.  [xi- 1*1] 

OOOKBITRH,  WILLIAM  (1669-1739),  physician  ;  MJL. 
Edinburgh ;  medical  student  at  Leyden,  1691  ;  licentiate 
of  the  London  CoVi^fe  of  Physicians,  1694 ;  physician  to 
the  fleet,  1694 ;  probably  M.D.  of  Leyden ;  discovered  a 
spedflc  for  dysentery  ;  a  successful  practitioner  in  Lon- 
don before  1710 :  physician  to  Qreeuwich  Hospltat  1731 ; 
published  medical  tracts.  [xt  198] 


OOOEBUKH'  366  OOFTET 

tBORN.  Sm  WILLIAM  (U68-I836),  licutcQE.n^  OOOKSON  or  COXOM.  THOMAS  {/■  leOS-lBM).  n 

luiiiol  JiiniL~iri-,-ttiLirMr>-i;«3)(ii-t  J:  im^iuTi.      griiviT  n(  nLim.'niii'L  jmrtniiK  of  coiilsmporilj  DOt«bili 
rml  In  AnwricsD  wu,  int-M ;  cspUln,  1789 :     Ua  ud  sutbon.  t>l-  Mil 


1  In    [odls,  17W-1KI9;    1 


OOCETOH,   HENBY  (1B07-1BE3),  uUxlr  ot 'Tilin- 


LlwtouDt-gepflnL, 

'*     *  ooDsniaTON.  hbkrt  (*  i 


OODSniaTON.  HBKRY  (a.  1BM>,  miiUieoiitlciMi: 

'     wiugler,  isa):  tellov  uid tntor  oC  Trinln  OoUcs^ 

_.i_..   ...     .»^..  _. .n. —  HntfonliliiTt; 


iiHiiiuili  ol  penmuuhlp,  lUT-Tl ;  pabUahKl  bli  iritta- 
mMio.  16M,  which  ■flervrudi  went  Umngti  toon  thui  a 

hoDdnd ediUoDi ;  publlJiod  tbwh  1870, 1«7«.  t-'   -^V": — ,".-.,—; 

fxl  mSl  niOTBd  Ui  BhDdfi  iAl&nd,  li       .  _        . 

OODZXXAK,    HKNSY    (jt  IMOV    Mlhop    of     the  nwiwd  goiemor  ot  KhodB  IbIboiI,  when  be  beo«o»  ctkf 

eullat  pabltahod  dlctlomij  of  BsgMi  (flnt  pnbHihed,  ''^'"''e-  1*1-  *■! 

lUl ;  elsniiCli  cdiUiHi  tMool,  1<U>.  [iL  lat]  □OI]SIKaTOir,OHRISTOFHBR(lH»-I710hBldlH; 

OOOEZESLL,    OH&RLBS    BOBBBT    (ITSft-IBeS),  ™t^d»:  ^W^^Cbdit  ChDrch.  Oiroid.  1M(:  Mtow 

•nibllecl :  m  ot  Sunnd  Pmji  OookBdl  [o.  i.l  i  t™tnod  o(  All  Sonio',  law ;  M.A,  IMi  ;  thowed  gi~t  oaan«>  !■ 

bIhlifUlter:   itiwUBd  irehlUclanl  nmidiil In Onece,  Fltniter?.  ISM:  oplaiii.  1S»;  Kcnniar  of  thel^vHd 

Aril  Minor.  Sicily,  ud  Italj,  ISIO-IT;  dUomrtd.  in  uiindE.  16e7-i;OS:  dim  si  Bubadoa:  beaetmla  al iH 

oompuy  wiUi  tvo  Qcrmuu,  Uh  (rise  ol  ttie  lempl«  ot  Bout-'  College.  Oxford  -  i«f t  bir  Bub>d«  alMa  io  Iobb4 

Aulla  Hi  Phigriab.  UIS :  ■mblUct  tn  London,  IBII ;  Cadrington  CoU^c,  Birtiuln.  {li.  MM] 

idmlnZ,  lor  ■  •nipaulon  of  iMitUIUei,  IBST,  bod  atnr 
FREDBRIOK    FBFTS  (IB3}-ie7S>,  wblth  bMtilltt™  wn«  mnnwd  by  Urt  Qwdl  tB«iinait« ; 


__m[c(.i,]. .  _. 

U>  TsTTloi,  Beldam,  IBOS ;  jolnt-rOKOBga  of  Uk  fictorj 


OOOnaitL,  WILUAK  (ITM-imX  Idi 


u^lltfiot  ■  Kcoid'  lOD  of  ClurlH  nibot  ODCkenll  [q  v  y  joined  with  the  Freodi  mod  Bunlui  eqaadnm  In  <lieuu|' 

mode  ■  ikMcbliv  loor  to  Vonb  Pmioe,l8W:  itodted  ing  ttie  weiA  Turkieb  Bert  iit  NmTMto).  JO  Oct  IMJ :  »■ 

tnUtecture  to  Picli  and  IBlji,  ]8tl-t ;  eitaibitB]  >t  the  allied,  1818;  vUited  St,  Fetflibarg,  ino;  ■dmlnl.IBIt: 

B1171I  Aoadcmy,  ISM-TI;   irahlteot  ol  namaDoi  lun-  ntlred  Imm  ■sUre  aerrloe,  IIMS :  hli  mouMi*  poblubed, 

ikm  aid  lome  otrarobM ;  died  ■(  FkU.  [il.  ISB]  1^^  [>L***1 

OOOraMll.  H*lIIIRr  PHPTB  riTU-HtTY  »«hi  OODHIMOrOF,    Bib   HENRY    JOH»  (1808.1OT 

t««T3?!?S^£;jr^^^'bV.^«S  Ci  :rs'  L.^1^.  l^^r^.^SS?%^^- 1^ 

Ae-l-njr,  ITM-IWI ;  doigned  ohnrob.  «d  m«|ib™.  J^  i^*^'  ^l^'^i^^i  "  J^^^STS.^  ^ 

JOHN  (ITie-lMO).  manofutur. :  ™  JS^li."^  f «^i:JS^  iST^-^.C^aS^  .^^ 

■Ultn-T,!:  b«n  InLHicdilrt:   went  ofthe  Beet,  IB??!^^^  [xL  *0T] 

OODRHTOTOH,  BOBBBT(d.  1BW),(oUiori  donref 

nnory  »  Hudiloi(Mle(;e,Oif<nd,l«l«'tT:  U.A^ISM:  tovvdlBl: 

[iL  MO]  poblMied  Temee  and  tnnlaHoiii,  cbtell;  theolOKleal  u>l 

hUEOTlcal,  from  Ftanch  aid  Latin.  [id.  m] 

m  o—uu.  ....,  u-uotHtaned  nbutow  and  tstHue  dlrtoei    edaoated    «t    Ikraay;     wonmr  M  OuAhI 

i<«ttoB7»tV«irt«r^B«lgUim.nCnSditLf*g^l»7-  toward  at  Itome:  returned  to  toglanilWI;  i*;^n 

Ull'  dlednarAli-lZ^hBDi^  [ti.M01  *"  ^•™"  "^  '■''»'  "^  ''"™'  '"  England  OODunBnltT ol 

'^  '  ■■  ««eiUar  prfnu ;  teUowed  Jams  n  to  Bt.  OomalM :  pnb- 

OOGKnr,  WILLIAM  (lTU-l«t)lX  aotbor:  writing-  lliliad  ■ermong.  CiLIlO] 

?"''*','?of^S*^'I,I^?*'''I,'J:?i.?°*2L^?**;       ooBEniOToa,  sw  wiluam  john  (uoi-taHi. 

ham.   17M.Mi    pnbUibed   an   arlUunatln,  «?V^^  gHHral;  Hoond  »n  of  Ur  Bdwaid  Oodrlngtoo («. T.J : 

P°™*-  [iLKKt]  emlgn.  1831 :  ookmel.  1W« ;  major-gmeral IBM:  ihowed 

OOOXtHaS,  OBOROB  (d.  laoi),  anlbiB' ol  poemi  and  aoonge  and   prompUtude    at  Alma    and    latonvn: 

dramai;  an  nfflijlai  at  BoiUn,  Amniot  1  nsiitni  of  a  E.O^,  Ktt;  commandet-to-oUet  at  Bebaatopd,  18M-« : 

London  ioaletT,  c  17n  cm  daSi.  [iL  MI]  1U<„  Omnwliih,  18f7;  goremor  erf  Qlbnltar,  ltt>-M : 

general,  IBM.  (tLim 

O0Cn8,JOHN(A1.7S).    [8»Oox»]  OOMOM.  S.«T  yW^UI),   Of    Glen 

OOOELX,  Sia  JAMBS  (1W9-18M),  oblaf-iiiMloa  of  Wloklow:  raiola^  ST.  Kktw  :  b 

QDeenaland  and  mathemaUoian :  edaoated  at  Obarter-  and  to  KUdare  and  WataKalh;  L— 

luHiH  and   TrtoHl  OoUeg*.  Cambridge:    U.A.,  1»W:  al  Gkodalooeb,  bat  withdrew  to  hennllags  tli 

oalled  to  the  bar  at  MkUle  Temple,  UM ;  pracUatd  OD  to  WeeUnenth  to  meet  BC  Oolumba :  omd  tl 

Midland  drcnlt ;  ant  oUef-joiltoB  ol  Qneeniland,  Itat-  I^toaUT  to  flght  for  h 

1878:   knighted,  18a>:    FAA.a,    IBM;    F.RA,  l»i;  mire,  king  ol  ireland. 

t^.  '^JfS^J'^l^^.^^lJSVSLl'^  OOEUUED  or  OBKXKD  (rrigned  10*-mt%  kln«  df 

sg£M^^r4:sss:^^rt^  sr'i.^nis^sr.sjLii^^'^-orsss 

maH-l  writings  (BoppLlLiai  wbenuronele,  JHtbetad,  «rfgn.d,TW;7a«ted,70»: 

OOOZB,  ABTHna  HBEBEBT  (lal»-18Bl),  Bengal  haoajBe  a  monk  at  Rome.  [it.  »l] 

olTlllaii ;  edaatoi  at  Hallajtiarj ;  mat  to  Bengal,  1BI7  ;  OOETLOOOV,    CHARLES   EDWARD   Dl    flTtf  " 

NDt  to  Sdnda,  1B4I :  poliUod  oBoar  irltti  Lori  Ooogh'j  igjo),  divine ;  edocatod   at  Oiriat't  Hsapltal,  l>t»- 


F.B.P.,  18>t ;     mire,  king  d  beland.  [iL  till 


Iwghi  ISM),  divine:  edocatal   at  (^riit'a  Hsapltal,  ITtf-W; 

,,  .. , , . toBng-  H.A.  Panbroke  HaU,  Oambridgt  17.»;  riaic  ol  Ofl«- 

l>ud,lStl.  [H.  801]  ■tone.BurTey,  1784-lBK);  pobllihed  eemKHU  and  Ibeoto 

00CEB,K0OBBCAlM»XdlTto«;  powibljofTrlnlir  gli»ltraota.  tiLlU] 

OoUege,  CambrMga.  1811:    pabllahed,  lUO,  deroClonal  OOFFEY,  CSAHLBa  (d.  1749).  draffiatm  :  an  IriA- 

vBnea,  entitled  ' Hebdomada BaciB ' ;  auwered,  1813, 3ir  man;  deformed;  perforzned  ab  Dublin;  aftefwardi  la 

Xdvaid  Fdtaa'i  book  tgunat  kueellog  at  oommonion.  LondoD;  bnNgbtaat(aiceaandfaniloBlDiiaBa.l7£»-<A 

[II.  Ml]  [CL  ttf] 


[H.<iIM>H>TtvivXDWARD(l>Tl-iaK).i<«lt;     brlR 
•I  RbflDuiDil  Hamc :  mlnloii  print  in  Raglanil,     mou 


IteBi^iibooUHCit  Rome:  dlslsISLOmtr^  publlibed  MalLUmuiewi,  iai-t;  C.U..  ISII ;   on   Santb  Anwrii'ui 

'-'■ i—  ...~  "  ttLHSJ  itatlon.  IMB-M.  [suppLll.W3 

-imii.  ana-  OOK,  JUHS(l]»7'l<«r!),  complla'ar  tbe  clunnUr)' 

immli-  (MtBI  of  Ht.  BRrtbolomcw'i    Hutpiul.  Iflndon  :  mild. 

—  '      ' '    i,  H17;  hroihaf  o(  St.  DnnboUi- 

[il.i»l 

taitllilnl  OOXATirS,  :<IR   ASTOS  (H08-HM1,  poet;    wii  of 

■t     SlKl  ,     jjj      ,j.      ,_.,_...    ._..   .     _.  .._.... 


.    BOBXBT    AOTON    (lS1»-ie»),    Bomii- 
..     --■   ,t  BuTow  ;  Modoitot  Ohriix 


IRi^fttt :  «dacatdd  tt  Butow  ;  Modait  of  OhriAt  

,D. :  btahoD  of  SoaUi-     «rf>«  "« 


TtwilifciM    Oxfoid.  IMt:  ambrsaid' ixtboUclnn,  ISU:     "i  Anhbaumc.  DRbTthln;  oliUBtsl  it  Corpui 
,_.._._, bw.lKt-Ja:  D.D.:  btahop 


>iik,im:tnnriiUdttacdi«<«1vi>Tt».  [ii.31>1  OOXATXB,  sm  WIIJ.1AU  |.f,]bie),lo 

BhoifT  of  Londoiit  I6UV :   nklcrmui ;  KO^Tuor  of 
coloDliU,  Ull  ^  kuigblcil.  Idle :  lunl  msjor.  ItlS- 

NortiiuDpMnjbln.       [iL  MT] 

00KB,  DAllIEL  PARKER  (IT-lt-lRat).  potlUcinil  : 
A.  ALl  Souls'  College.  Oilonl,  I7;s  ;  huntiter.  17118; 
P..  Derby.  1776  -BO  ;  M.P„  SotUii^lmn,  ITBO-lHIt, 

[.LMBJ 
IBM),   judge  «Hl   liw 

(1M7)  Triulty  Cullqn.  (JunbrUge  ;  >1 

Loudon,   1B7]  :    h«rT*-'—    -'    '^'-    ' 

)OD    obtAlllOt    KOcl    . 

_DCins,aiidU  eonUiAniiitan.  17S>  ;  oni-  oonler  of  Ooimitry,  UU;   remnter 

— ~^  liHUr  Bt  Uh  Hucne:  manied  >  Dntrh  hdmi;  nconler  of  LondOD.  1191:  M.P..  Aldb 

•oMswdidDtBt  UTAai;llD.Lndai.l7e7:prw:tlBl  Norfolk,  uij  ipealiet  ol  tbe  houK 

MiiadB  HoUudiKooncbearlD  London,!.  ^773-«:  nUdCor-geium.    1E83:     ■Itomej-p 
■oU  Uh  BojBl  Hnnau  BoAlctj,  17 


i)  »tter  11B7.  I»f,  Ml] 

,    JEREMIAH    (177tt-lM4),    aptaln   L.  ,       _.      _      . 

mercbunihlpit  PlTBKHth.l7»S,  vbenhc  priTTooundllor.lSlI:  oppned  the  prni 

rtUm  o(  Edwuid   PtUew,  Ttmunt  BinMnth  th«  )iid«™  »itt»-jadLoUBj.  lelB  :  (»™i 

iKcd  taJiu  «  bli  Alp  Oa  i~i»f-H|pKi. ;  coDUHHi  Iiw  iD  Uielr  ondHisac  u  cui 

Ipn  trigHe,   1800;  apUDvd  ?nncb  (Oil-  Uk  ohuaUor,  IBU :  relond  loob^Ji 


ntal  Innn  hli  wUs,  In  ceniBqimKa  at  A  Ttolnit  qnm 
mt  to  tba  nutTtBAC  of  tbdr  daofbtir,  Ifllf ;  nculed  t 
tbe  phTjooondl.  KIT:  nDplojwdoo  Mfnal  camaMMi 


pncLiHled  btxD  pi ^ 

sbfdlT  of  BocklDKbHmUn,  IIM: 

-"'-   ■ '- — -^.mliui-- 

.  -.,, .  _na  DkBul -  -- 

"WBnu  la  retlremait  M  Stoke  null.   Hit  pann  w^v 
d  b^ordiroC  Chkrtn  I.uid  dstalned  tmi«l.    Of 


wilb  John  Weihir 


-. !JT(i:cc 

17TS:  [rniueDllj  pnaldeniaf 

iD   Inlini  Irau  ITBt:  annBitad  tint  Um 

dgiiiididiini,ITR4:  toinal 


[jpnnaad  U 


ii  ■  iDwIntimdait '  (<  Uk 
Lb  of  dW»p  In  Amerl<:m, 

idAa«l!c 


AntelMi  u  Aimiaa,  17M.  ud  In  »w''~'.  IK* ;  Mai 
to  dtabUih  btahn  In  tb«  mithodlrt  ebonta  <n  EngUnd. 
17H :  ptwUBt  <k  llie  mMbeiUit  eoolimw  In  EngUnii. 
1TI)TuidlS0t;pildbitnlnUiTl>lCtoAmEHa.iaDl;  ukcd 
Lord  U*ep(vJ,  Ch«  preTiiler>  to  uuke  blm  i  Nvho^T  In 
India,  leit:  died  na  <hr  Toysan  in  ludla:  pubUihsJ 
irorti,  IndnrilOB  Hrmont  «nd  hlographJiM.         [jtl.  !«7] 

OOSZ.  THOUAB  WILUAU.  d(  nolUiam.  Bnt  RiKL 
or  Li]cnnB<I7ei-lS49Xelautal  hi  Eton;  CnnIM: 
liTal  (OOH  claM  u  Borne:  nturna)  u  Euilind.  1771: 
■  gonadgd  to  hli  paerlmon]'.  177B:  U.F,  Horri^  in«- 
IMM,  1041307 -SI:  pruuctlaoltc : fBTouted  parliunaiuiy 


OOIiDWELL 

OOKZB,  JOBK  (d.  UU?).  utiqaiK;:  tIiv  at 
lilii]'(puDll]bed  1739),     '  [il.  NI] 

□OLBACDR.  eiB  JORK  (d.  ITM),  pbrrlAUn :  apoUiB- 
irv  Bt  WnioalH;  IhxallaU  ol  the  Lonlcm  Colkfi  oT 
1:    knIfbWil.    lilt:   piitrilibol   molial 
tH.  MI) 

JOHN(lWl-17«).oppor™tofBiel««a 

Bentlar :  ■*  WaUidoala'  Scfaoal.  ISM-J ;  Mlaw  of  Trinl^ 
CMI^a,  Ounbrtdge :  H.A.,  ItiN  ;  D.D,  ITIM  i  An^haa 
ehiipliln  U  Uibao  :  pnAnidvy  of  Sailibury ;  iiratinr 
of  monlpbUotophf.ditnibriitgt.  1707-<(:  Uok  putwiUi 
tha  fdlowa  d(  Trioit;  HttKbut  Tlictavd  Boitlcy  Cq-  *■]■  «>i 
duAtpr,  1714:  publliliel  punpUete  ■galnit  DfluUil ; 
rrrtor  o(  Orwd),  Ckmbridgnbln.  1720^18 ;  RJOHd  BntlVa 
tboi  invlxhwDD  ol  Sij.bittaa  for  u^^idiaoaul  rWt- 
tlona.  USD.  [iLlil] 

OOLSOKHS,  StB  JOHN.  Snt  B>n<>x  SUTOX  (ITTV 
IMl).  tnmenl;  eduaiol  at  Cbtlrt'i  KoiplHI:  awtoo, 
17D4 ;  TAptiln,  IBOa  ;  Bgrrtd  In  Bgrpt.  IROl,  and  In  aidb-, 


lOta-R :  gnin),l8M :  cammiuidKal  tbafonH  in  IntHBd, 
ISU-ta ;  BM-nmnbtl,  IBM).  [H.  f»] 

OOLBURK,  HENRY  <jf.  lUt).  pabUBbcr,D(  LodIob: 
Ht4rl«i  a  nuiph«r  of  London  tniiffulnw,  Ulf-S9 :  Inp*  a 
fliruularJoff  llbrsry,  ISIA:  bnxi^i  oat  a  Ubfary  of  tDodm 
standanl  nopcllt^  lSU-41.  Hli  pnbllcatitnu  IncLiidal 
Bvfgyn'i  and  Pcpjl'i  diarla.  [iL  lU] 

OOIBT.  THOKAB  FRKDKRIOS  (l"l«-lHn,  dinotar 
of  tbi  oidiiatkca  mrreT ;  alocatol  at  Woolwlui :  mnd 

major^BiBa^  la 


IMU;  P.1L9.,  18S0:  ooiiductaliurTeyol  IreUnd.  Itai-^f  i 
jolDt-dnlgner  of  a  rmlogioil  map  ol  WeaC  Bnitland,  im. 
1M«  :  placsa  on  the  retired  Uit,  1h<7.  {iI.  IM] 

COLOHBBTXS,  BntBiRox(lItr-lffi»).  [aaAsBCFT, 


OOLOHTT,  OOZLOHU,  or  OOLOA.  Hinrr  id.  THi 
Hiib*  o(  OlonmacnolH  monuter; ;  nmpondaT 
Alcdlo  (q.  v.);  htoIb ■  Bcuap Oiabhaigb ■  {> "--  •■ 


r  (rf.  7ni  otaW 
spondatwia 

.wwdBg  t>T1Bh 

COLOLOVOB,    JOHN    BbHRT    <17g»-17MX   IrUi 


UoDB  in  pBDurlTaiU*,  ITOB-IB 1  iamm-v»nai  et  i 
YorkoilDiv,  l71>:meinbudl«iiiiidl.MnrTarfc,II 


II  (/.  Itll).  vrila-  d( 
n  from  IIM  to  ItU: 
JiLMl] 


[ILMS] 
N  (1M»-18MX  phy*aan:  MJI, 
dlsbargb,  ISi;:  pnoUtioDs  la  Ldtb.  lR»-t7 :  adn- 
(tal  medical  mliiioDi ;  wrote  madlc&l  papen.  [li.  Ml] 

OOLVWZLL,  JOBS  (d.  IBM),  blibnp  of  adlsborr: 
!llav  ot  St  JotiD'a  Callers.  Cambridge;  U.A..  IH«: 
[.C  Uii4:  FbapUlD  lo  Atcbb^hap  Fukei:  nctv  g( 
Jdioeloo,  ]£BH.tso>t>ll.U)7.aod£tItvaod.  KenClNO; 
Ban  of  Rocbeil«r.  1A81 ;  made  blihm  of  SababEirjr  1b 
nler  that  Ibe  (vmrllen  mlgbt  pliuKler  tJie  v^tacmA 
it>tB,U»1i  disldnplf  iDdidiC  ^li.  M)] 


l,ABDIAB(lliaT-l«Tar),'<liKtAriK  ptiTriek'; 
■    -     -■•-•-atiimlttit-tioBki,l»U-es. 

OOIZ,CH&BI.EBNAL80H<17»<ieM),li«Ter:fi.A. 
St.  Jgha*!  CBUice.  Ounbrldgft  17U;  burlaUr,  InaK 
~  'aid  iteBadfotdLcnl  aarponUon  ;  pub-  I 


uSSliw  o ,  _ 

Jm|*k'  17M,  mod  lA 


H  (irro-inn  pon^sp- 

j-cwtaip  to  LoTit  Hoffb 
B(ma[«.  T.I  In  Wat  India,  ifM,  ud,  UUr,  to  Bit 
JAb  Tliiaii  DDckmrtb  Lq-  *.] :  poB-oipuaD,  IMI ; 
■aitf  sitb  Br  Hwud  Fdlnr  (iturwudi  TlioDont  Sx- 
■  iMl>)[i|  ■  1 1"  '"'  Tiiillii.  im  daiMtcbed  tonUen 
. .     ._. iDin.  .ir.^^  cmpton  at  Nd™, 


kUchMd,  Ull:  boDsnir  D.CU>  C 
CtaH^  ia»-14 ;  KjCA^  ISli :  ILl 
lUi^   UlT  ud   1 


OOIK,  OHOBSB  (ISlO-lsnX  lalnta:  aU-tugbt; 
pstnlt-palntv  at  Flymmtii  i  pMtod  jpntfln  of  wild 
■ainnki  br  WantnKiri  Toaimgatt ;  itaiDti  mi  In  Hoi' 
hnd:  ailiiMtidln  Lcodon,  lSIS-8a,ctiMlT  ludKapa. 
[iLlMl 
OOU,  OBOBn  TIOAT  (lm-18»).  ludMsp* 
alilir:  bd  <<  Otsiii  Oite  [q.  t.]:  flnt  eiUb[t<d  it 
bMtah  IsMtotldn  Ull  BoOidk  SBwt  s>Ual~,  lUl.  ud 
Ktatf  Ao^^.UHl  RA',  18B0.  Hli  platan.  >Tbe 
Rm  ol  LundoB,'  I*  ta  tfao  HUiODil  QmUbj  at  BriUih 
tAXmbvik.  [SDPPL1L41] 

I,  Hnrai  (UOOT-IUOX  dian  of  St.   Fnl'i ; 

■       riUloirorHew  ODIHL  Offtml. 

,  U41-I1:  KOI^  I 

il  liir  In  Oxfad :  ■ 


>B,U«- 


IMD-S.  and  a(  MnrUn  LcmiiKTUIe,  BnskliighiL 
««  IHl-M:  Wsed  Romu  cUtaoUo  putj  aX  Miit'i 
MaAoa:  anbdaKon  of  HU,  lM>-« ;  wioo  o(  W«t- 
■nno'  ud  proTOit  of  Win,  lH4->:  h^  dlipatatbrn 
•UbCnaBO'  at  Oitnd,  UH:  appdlnMl  In  pmicb  M 
OuBir^cueatkia.  liM:  aw  of  Oardinal  Pnle'a  mm' 
■MtontsTtait  Oiteid  Dnlis^tr,  l*M,ud  Oambiklie, 
W;  dnn  o(  St.  Pul-i,  UK-»:  Tkiar-caun]  ot  Oh 
wttaap  tf  Cutafaorr.  lHI-8 :  wit  to  Irclud  lo 

— ■— .— — —  ■"i:oD«ottboHgbtRDdiani>t 

. AUba,  1M8;   ImprtnooBl, 

1(7*.  [il.3Bej 

EEKSY(lB(»-lSei),omdal:  >t  CbrUt'i 
-M :  niNeonmlakiMT  c<  Uit  new  nsord 
Itt ;  a^iUnt-kc^  of  tha  Raooid  On«, 


IM*.  ISTl-4 ;  Bi 

■ml  MM  and  IM7;  [Wnt^amtarT  ol 


004  HtTHTRAT  (;(.  ll7l)-li8DX  ucianir  of  a  map 

tfliluliii.im  aiiilii<rinaiinll ■lliBlliiil 

^Aoj^atltiaiiilnt  [iL  STO] 

OOLl,  JOBS  (ITM-IMSX  bookialbi  aol  aatlqaarj ; 
l*t*aiiln^  apprnitloa  In  Nortbamptdn ;  bookaella  En 
tiie^  WT.  bi  Ball,  in  Bcaitnnngh,  lUI,  at  North- 

""""  ■------'  -o  tdfltoty  and  popular  Rofenn : 

\  Inc.  and  other  plaoa  ; 

[ ;  dkd  La  poTirtj ;  pub- 
I,  ISU,  UdooIp.  U18, 


OOLI.  Bn  RALPH  (leUT-ITM),  Moond  bannat, 
of  Braaoepetli  OaitJe.  Dartiam ;  ttodlod  p^ntLng  oiidBr 
Tudjok;  Imrasl  mswtlDt  (ograrlng;  patronlifd 
Italian  pain  ten  ;  M.P..  Dutham,  IfiZft-A;  ran  tbrough 
I  Usatate;  Hid  BiaaoapMh,  170L  [iLlTl] 

OOLZ,  THOUAS  (1.  iin\  diTUH :  ha.  kibTi  (m- 

Icse,  daDibcldga.  IBM  ;  D.D„  IMI ;  raaitar  of  MiSlitaH 
•chool,  JIM;  dan  or  Sallibai)';  nilbdraw  to  Un  oon- 
tlnent,  lul ;  nSai  of  High  Ongar,  1M>,  and  at  SCanfocd 
!  Rima,  Baiei,  1H4 ;  prebendar;  o[  Bt.  Paol'a  and  arcti- 

"■ "*  ~ WW;  0(  puTllao  'tmlnn ■  pabllihcd 

[xL  »7II 
X,  THOMAS  (\tXl  7-l«g;x  DonaaafarmlatdiTlBa ; 

IBl ;  Ijttraded  principal  of 

L  Karr  Hall,  Oifocd,  lW«-«a:  tint  a  ptlTale aoadonj 

fcT_'.>_L_j    ^-M^^ .    minijttr  or  Uh  ooDgtvgatloiial 

and  PlDsai'  Hall,  London,  1«74- 

[.L  n*] 

VOLS,  WILLUJt  (d.  l«Oa>  deu  itf  Uneoln :  fdlow 
of  Oorpu  Ohrlati  ODllegB,  Oifoid,  1H)-H:  ILA..  IHI: 
D.D..  Itri ;  wltbdnw  lo  Zurloli.  IMS.  ud  OsoeTa,  lUT ; 
tntimain  tniniJaUiigUiB  ■Orntm  BlWa'- ""   ■ 


o[  Ostpu  Ohilalt  OoUcg*  br  Um  or 
he  wlalia  0(  tbaooUige,  IMS :  Und  at  fml  wlCb 
tbehUmn;  bnaobttlMeoUaHlntadebt:  pntmdarfirf 
SallaboTT,  liTt,  ■■'"****» I  isf'l,  and  Wlnohffter,  1A79: 
TioeoliuoelhiT  ol  Oifoid.  1«TT :  oompclltd  to  axduuisi 
Ua  praldantabip  tot  ths  douiety  at  Idncotn,  ItML 

[it  Ki] 
OOU,  Bis  WILUAU  (d.  lugi  7ilib  aetUer ;  a  Lon- 
dona  -,  Taldent  lo  Pirmanagh  beion  I0OT ;  obtained  for' 
friled   laoda.  ISU:   proroat  of  BnolakUlai;   kalgbUd, 

"       ■"     CWtle,  IBM ;  l(J>„  Pmniagb, 

■ --—-■-  —  -  iMi^;  da- 


OOLI  <r  OOLXB,  WILLIAM  (IIM-IHI),  botaoUt: 
itand  New  (Ultge,  Oidari,  lUl ;  pnaemaits  o(  MatAa 
lOag^  ItHkl ;  BA^  lUl  i  naided  at  PnlBtT ;  Manlarr 

~     "       -'*■"■   publlahed'HetbaL' 

[.LIT7] 


OOLK,  WILLIAM  (lUi-in«),  ph* 
aiaatmUt  Hall.  OibRd,  1«H ;  practtaei  li 
Woneala  :  fellow  ot  tlu  London  OoU^e  i 
MM  1  pDblUbed  Latin  medUsI  tnola,  le7t- 


■Idad  In  Cambrldni  ttav 

and  Portonl:  »« *  ,  174T:  i 
Honudf,  Middlaeii,  1T4»-*1:  naldsitreotoratBMahleT, 
BdaUDghamahLr^  17fiB-flT ;  removed  to  Watcrbeaob.nar 
Ckmbri3«e,  1T«T.  and  to  MUton,  ITTO :  bii  Income  Imnlnd 
br  the  brmMng  ot  tbe  djka :  non-raldant  rlcarof  Bom- 
bam,  BucklDgbanubIre,  1774-81;  toinlabal  (rtendi  wltb 
matnlala  for  hlitorlDHlaiidautlqiiatlaD  book!  ;  beqoatlud 
bli  manuacrlpt  oolleotloni,  about  a  honditd  foUoTOlamea, 
ctiMl;  dealing  wltb  Oambildgvlibre  and  Oambrldge  oi 

nmtT,  Hnndn-- o-i.— .. w,_  ..  . 

BiiUabMoHun 


OOI^ 


It  Hton ;  felJow  of  ESiw'b  OoUi^fe^  Oambrldg« ; 

publiibed  ■  '  Key  to  tbe  'pialmji,'  I7SS.  n  p<wm, 
■  wivil,  17tie.  [il.  )»>] 

BENBY     THOMAH    (iru-IBIT), 
its  It  GbIouU*.  1789 ;  nuglBtniU 
Hindu  tBW :  oaotribatat  papen  on 
■  prlntfld  priT  "■■"*"" 


Mtraiin-, , 

■A  Dlgiat  ol  Hlnda  Idw,'  1796;  epToyte  NupHr,  1709 
IBOl ;  jikd^at0*1ciltu,lfll>],  and  pKflldaDtafaiflbeticlj 
180B1  iKH^w?  piolenor  In  Fort  WUllam  Oollcge:  puli 
llibed  tall  ■  Bm;  on  Cbe  Vcdu.' leot.  BBuiKrlt  Kramniiif 
ISOt,  ud  leriHin.  IMS,  ind  tnoiUtlani  ot  Hindu  1— 
t^ufl  DD  iDhfriUnce  Had  oaaLtxcTU,  IHIO;  mambpr  of 
Bengal  connrll,  1B07-U  i   reUiraod  to  Bngtaud,  : 


md«»rd'  liliwds. 

K!'S. 

cItU),  18 

«. 

[8iipp1.U.«] 

OOLOTHnaCH 

PBTBB 

I.B  (d. 

t.  llnrj  Colwburo 

.ofUie 

Bnt  ilone  bridge 

Loodoq,! 

[.1.  W6] 

OOLBKAK,  OH 

ARLR8(d 

HMXcompoiiH-:  member 

d:  mnalG 

n  London.  1B4I : 

pKt  ri  tbc  moilo 

OOLEKAM.  EDWABO  (d.  ISBB).  n 
Lond«i ;  onmpoeea  Uw  mvdo  for  Jaok 


TlCoa  Osta  of  jsniolpatian  In  tbn  ■  popltb  plot.  W  Bept. 

isrs ;  bl*  papcn  Mlied,  K  fept.  t  •umodend  lUmHlf. 

to  Sept.  1  conrleted  on  Ihe  erldeooe  of  OMt*  u>d  BMlos. 

— ■-  -  ;  ouonted,  I  Doe.  i  hl>  fata  [Unniand  to  fereml 
Id  punptaMa.  [il,  Mg] 

r   THOMAS  (ISBfl-lMT).  dlTlni 


.A„  IMI: 


MigdalBD  Hall, 

b*tal>t.  and  nicknaniBl  •RabW _-  ,  .. 

BWUm.  UnooUublie,  16U-41.  and  ot  BC  Felo'i,  Corn- 
MS.  IMI ;  member  of  Wenmlnilcr  Ai«diibl}>,  1«4]. 

OOLBKAIT,  WALTER  (d.  IMS).    [Sw  OOLMIN.] 

OOLEKAK,  WILLIAM  HIGGINS (d.  18U). boUiniit ; 
11  A,  fit.  Jobn's  OoUsgB,  Oambridgt  1818 ;  ordabied.  1810 ; 
jirint-BaUior  (wltb  John  WiULam  Oolaow  [q.  t.])  nf  '  Ex- 
smiilKlD  ATilbnieUcaml  Algebra,'  ISM,  aadfwicb  It.  H. 
Wobb)  of  ■  Flora  HerUonilMnls.'  1MB,  and  IM  jupple- 
meata.  IHEl  and  IBIS  :  anC  IstnidiKied  tbe  rlnr-batln 
•soant)/  ton :  iclioolmaiUT  >t  Hert- 
t  Atbby-de-la-ZoBOh ;  bli  'BlbUcal 
«H.  [IL  SM] 

OOLEKSO,  FBAHOHS  ELLEN  (lS«>-t»l7X  daughter 

J  T«i,_  HTJIII 4y^, I ,  .    --, _^    Na^    laOfi  ■ 

'lesD. 


OOI^EBIDOE 

N  WILLlAli  (I814-1IW3).  Usbop  U 

-  ■        ■■  -     rtu'  Cfatlwr  if  Oa 

at  BU  John's  OoOvi, 


-£  Fentatenab,' IL  —  ._. , 

o  poot-exlli  forgeriv,  DntcnBomj,  In 


OOLZFBPEE,  JOHN,  flnt 
ie«OX  crt  Wlmll,  BiuKi;  se 
lUidkd  mral  aSain :  M.P.,  Kvnl 

S Ilea  and  S^iUTopI,  IHl:  defe 
lugy ;  oppm^  tbe  Qnnd  HEminumnH  and  Uio  mOllia 
UU,  Iflll ;  taken  Into  oonrt  faTonr,  made  privj  ohid- 
ciUor,  1E43 :  chancdkrr  of  Uie  ncbrqiUT,  MS-t ;  adTiad 
DbarlH  I's  wilbdrawal  to  Torkiblre ;  jolnri  Um  at  Turk, 
1M3;  pTBOiUid  Oiulea'i  ulUsiaUoi  to  pariladiHit.  IHI; 
oontrlbnted  to  (ha  Tldory  of  HdgebUl,  IMI;  DMUr  of 
Uie  niUg.  U*» :  atlHuM  Ohailn'i  Oiftsd  puilaBHil. 
IMI :  bit  adHni  In  mmtary  KBaln  Hnufil  bjr  Cbadea  I: 
fall  plana  tbvarUd  hy  tbe  icalowy  of  Rnpert ;  orakted 
Bomn  Colepeper  of  Tbonway,  1M4 :  arfi  Obailaa  I  fa> 


Stfnngfopl ;  Impr^Hmcd  aa  a  royallat  c 

married  ■nntlj  a  danghCerflf  John,b  . , 

KU;  blled  In  a  lawndt  topnnnC  Lonl  PrndwrUloA- 
iDg  bla  iiUte  of  BtaTdv,  Dtr^iUre,  to  WUllam  Oan- 
diu,  flnt  dnJEB  of  DoTKiabln  [ct  t.I  :  Impftenod  uA 
■mtoiad  to  Ion  hU  baod  for  atttkioc  DnoBdiln  it 
Whitehall,  lUt:  paidoncd;  itrook  tn- DaroMliln  at 
Wblteball.  ItST:  amtd  b)'  Dcraoibln.  1S«7;  died  bL 
great  porvtv.  HIa  gcoealoglakl  otdteiUonii  mta  pmcrred, 
in  Uie  BrJOih  MUBOim.  [iL  3SC] 


I  ibeEenttsl 

COLEHAHTE.  BiRom.  [Bee  Sakk,  Hcor.  Ilnl 
:tHOK,  tsM  7-1617 :  Habe,  HKcst,  Hmd  Bjboi, 
858-1708;  HiHK.  Hdtrt.  tttid  BlBon,  16M-17**- 
U50Eii.GioB'iE,((»irth  Sahoh  of  the  eeoond  onatiog, ' 

COLSBUKJE.  CBRWENT  nsoo-ISSl),  moibor; 
mad  Hm  of  Bamul  Taylor  Cnlendge  [<|.  i.i :  edunal*] 
t  Amblsilde  Kbool  au<l  SI.  JoIid'i  OoIIive.  Hamlindga  1 


OOUSBIDGE 


UertiB  CoUfss,  Oi(Bnl,IRl>:  pntaUoDS  tellov  of  OrtFl 

fftilBl  kn  Utenrj  vork  La  LondoiL.  uid.  1930,  in  totcbtnff 
■t  JkBMitBiit :  pabl]!ibul  po«zi«,  l&^B,  and  blorr^phlea  of 
YoTkiiiln  uid  LiDcsHbire  wortliiu.  IKH-t :  ■  mulcc  it 
Scdbsgh  KbaoL  1837-8:  tdi tad  UiHinvtrutl  Fo[\;.llMU  ( 
bit  *  nriMliii"  TBK  uul  pioH,  publiibei.  I8£l. 

[xi.  SM] 

;,  HKBILY  JAUn  (1B»-1U1),  dlWw: 

'B,LariOi>lBldBi[q.T.]:aluatal 

-,  — lli8e.OiIntl;BJL,lH«:(aUawat 

•OOAnlMt;  lI.A„1Hr:  hddsDTBlnDmiDDiln; 
naaid  TUmn  athoUe  cbDKb.  IMI :  (toMol  >t  Borne ; 
|>tol,  Hd  IXSl,  1«H  :  jolDid  jsnlC  ncrritlUa ;  editor  of 
tbt  ■  Mmatt,'  Uh  psiodldll  ut  Ub  iwll  blb<n,  IBM-ai : 
puNUad  Uxoloeial  voALiududUig'Tbe  Life  ol  Our 
Ittd.'  1*71:  (SappL  II.  U] 


Tkjtoc  C<iiBU««  [q.  t.J,  ud 

BUuua  U  Sun ;  UIgw  o{  Kins'' OoUq^ 


ten  dnteUlc  ™ 
-  Tkbk  Talk.-  ItBi, 


JabD  Taylor  OolBidaa 
X  Kins''  OoUq^  Cam- 
■nlita,  IIM ;  sowtM 
.],  Ittt:   iROnsIit  «t  Ootsildcc'i 


,  HBRBEST  (lUO-lMI),  ptaUo[(«iiC; 
nof  Hhut  Ndnl  Onlsldg*  [q,  t.)  :  (dDalad  it  BUm 
ud  Balliol  Oallegc  OxlOnl ;  iloiiblc  flnt.  IBtl ;  buriiUr, 
l«M:  seOntat  maMriali  ror  Uh  'Oiford  Bngli^  Dio- 
trnwy.'  [il.  SOOl 

OOLKEUXnt,  JAMEB  DUKB  {17BS-IU7X  illiliw  : 
nqtex  of  SuDDCI  Ta jlor  OoIcridHT  [q.  v.],  wal  brathvi  of 
Harr  Kifaon  CMeridgc  (q.  i.)  ud  Sir  John  Tnilor  Cols- 
i»|»  [q.  »-l :  BiwiBl  BalUal  CoUt^e,  Orford,  IBuS ;  D.O.I^, 
UI>ltlEvafKa)w;ii.l)ii3-S:RcUir(ifLa»klctan,ISM' 
>M;  TlBir  cf  Lmoiilck,  OoniwiU.  1831-11 ;  liar  of 
TliBWWti.  DeiQotblrt.  18M-17;  prebendirj  of  Birtw, 
Ua;  paeuibed  ■rmoDi  iwd  derotiaiul  tncU. 


1  OOLSS 

H  SUu  Tomlcjn  CombabBcli.  1T«S :  booirht  oat  bj  bl* 
brotberit  17M  ;  nid  u>  hAve  rontrbatad  Ui  tht '  Iftrroli^ 
ChroiUolD,'  1Tst-I:  ntarwd  to  Qiinbrldae,  I7st :  meC 
IMjcrt  8oatbe}  [n  Oirord.  noil  Tiiiu-1  WtXa:  azifaatd 
hlmielC  lo  San  I'rirlKC  at  Unilol:  joliitd  Soatbe)'.  Ro- 
bfM  Lotell.  ind  otber  ■  pantUiMniU '  In  tbdr  MbnH  to 

nlviaiu ;  »tatc  tbe  OtM  act  of  thfl  '  Fall  ol  Roiiiqilim ' 
(publliilicd.  17M) :  lett  Cambrldn.  17H ;  liomwid  boiih 
ot  JoHoph  Ootile  [q.  *.].  bBobdler,  of  BHihd :  Intond 


1  Wi- 


•cribol  (o  tbo  'Watchman'  nBinpaper,  vblch  failed 
(UaT  17H)a(tla(enUiaamber;  preaslud occuUnalLjr <d 
doltariaa  chapala ;  tvi^aa  to  IaIib  taiidannn,  17M ;  main- 
tained by  Tlunnaa  Poole  at  lietber  Stowey.  pRat^iuR  lu 
-  Ian  chapeli  at  Taunton  aud  Batb.lI)«-7;  tImIoI 
viDTtli.  17»7 :  jDlnal  WoTdiuortbln  writing  ^T^ 
"   '  '  (publisbed  i;oi),«intribubni;-Tbe Ancient 


'Sabla  Etaan,'  IW: 


''U.  iBia  LaUBETammar,  1773.  | 

OaLEEnwE,  Sm  lOliU  DUEB.flncBii 
■nwtdMO-lSWX  lon'<^!'W-iu<t4M  dI  BDKla 
^  JiAn  Tajln  ColcnUe  ig.  •,] :  alucatsd  at 
^alBiil  Omiesc.  Datcud :  U-A.  IMS  ;  Mlov 
!*41-«,  ml  hoDonfT  Uloo,  IKSl;  callal 
'MldkTtmptlv  1M«;  bmcbtr.lMl;  icrinnd  u 
^t;  ncofdcr  cd  PortatDoiCb,  18ts  ;  Q.C.,  18 
■t^^Jer  Enter,  ItO-tl :  appointed  MlioUor-ii 


.  .  .  JOHM  TAYLOR  (ITK-lSIt), 
,-v.  Bci*nr  ol  Hamnd  Tulor  Onlwldge  [a- *■]■  and 
tmlber  at  Juna  Dike  OolerM^  jq.  t.].  and  Senrr  N'el- 
a  Cltoldec  [q.  r.'i :  uIliKn-  at  Eton ;  KbalHr  ot  Corpoi 
CbfvU  OaJqic,  Oilonl.  ISM  ;  fdlow  ot  Bxeter  OoUege. 
Mil-IB :  ILA^  ISir ;  barriiler,  KlddK  Taapl«,  ISIS :  nm- 
tilbiiledta  Or  'Qoarterly  Rartew.'and  (IBS4)  utcd  u 
BlKknooi't  '  OoDimeDlarlea,'  IBU ;  re- 
r.isas;  jiuttoeof  IheBBB'i  boncb.  18SS- 


to  tWI  Qermanr,  irte-«:  putrilrlKd  hli 
ScblUer'!  ■Wallenil^'  laoU:  ivUled  at 
wrote  tl>e  enond  part  of  '  Cbrlatobel.'  I 
oplaoi,  1903;  Tiallal  Malta.  IKtH-E.  and 

wood  (J.  July  IBuS):  a»t  met  TJioma. 
Bridgcwater,  1607:   lectured,  ™7  bidif 

bcumP  dLr]:iendeQt  on  WoidBwortb  at  < 
mnFavied  tor  Habicnbcn  to  tlie  'Frla 


Dmlon  'Omilcr,'  1B08,  IBIl,  and  IBU  ; 
loiJnlab  Wedgwood fIopped,Ullileo- 
II  Sliakeapean  and  ether  poeta,  1810-11, 


lerins  bll 


ritli  Jobn  Morgan  at  CalKWnUblt^lSll-U:  domiciled 
vltli  jBDiea  OUIman,  at  HIgbgate.  181»-M ;  pobllfbed  bia 
jitoOiognpby.'BlognLphla  UEeniria,'lB17:  tamlecfaual 
n  London. IBIS;  pSalonr--""— '-■--" '•-—■ —  '"■ - 


er  of  gocketj  ot  UleiatiiR.  IB 


«llBDf  El«l 

IM:  at  Ol  «• 
^Afaed  inmpldcU 


odAOeMiDber: 


It;  part  In  tLeintrodnc 


OOLXRIDaE.  SARA  (IBUI-IBCS).  ai 
taimloo,'  1B3T:  daiufatcr  of  Moiuet  1 
[q,  y.l  ;  marriod.  1BS9,  Henry  N 


after  bU  plao*.  and 
— -  ■'  -  Captalo  off 
[IL  IIB] 
(1M07-16BO),    Icilcographcr 
-  -■    MagcliiiHi   CollBfe,   Oift 
nd  Eo«llah  lo  Loudon.  It 


pnmen  ot  EogUib  and  iMia, 
ry,lli7B.audaLat4u  dicUonarr, 
[ai.  330] 


Owl's  sii»c™gilT,''l«7S.  [XL  JIB] 

□OLZa,  ELISHX  (''.  I71BI),  «u   of   ElUbs  CqIs 

<ie09  ?-16SI}  [q.  T.]  [il.  US) 

OOLXS,  OILBBET  (IIIT-Ien),  diiinit^  slpated  at 

IMS  ;  D.D..'l«BT  :  IiUov  ot  WloebeaUr  CoUise,  1MB  and 

ihkrt,  Leeo-TC,  uul  <fl  AHb,  Soney,  lGft9 ;  puliMibad  tnct 
■gkisU  Bonuuiiim,  1«74.  [iL  !30] 

OOLSG  or  OOLE.  JOHN  (fl.  IfUOX  Lnnilnlor  ot  part 
of 'CkHipiitn'tlSftl):  probationer tdlow ud ■rtiDolaiiiiiur 
uf  Now  OolLug^  Oifoii,  iota ;  ejected  bj  U»  psrtliimon- 


nd^'S'ilSd.^H 

JuljlMUtri 

[i!.3311 

iBllAHAM  (IT;»-1M3x  ■°'I«i  :  "tadW 

ilblln,  Kdliibuiali,  md  LondOd  ;   M.D.  EdiB- 

pnctlwi]    msllclne  In    Dublin,    llal-t: 

OOLXT,  BiR  BBNRT  (d.  ltOCX1a"l<°STDi 
l4Te ;  ilUTllf  KT7  ;  loni  mmjor,  14M  nnd  IIS 


founder  of  St,  P 
child  ol  ar  Her 
U81;  M,A,  t 


nud   vuTJioodtLca  4Ild,   In    [Atdn 

Lio   ftDd   Nto-plutotiic  philoflophy ;   qod- 

[wiucui.  irwn  of  DenqJn^toD,  SnlTDlk,  l*BS-]61B  ;  ;vl<»r 

SunUogdoubtrs.  IIDO-S  :  pnbeudUT  of  Yo 
if  Bt  MBrtln-llyanad.  M94-1BM:  ubapluii 
Tort^  Norfolk ;  tnTelled  In  lUly.  Btudyliu  tbc  titliai 

......  .    of  gr„k^  1,1,3.6 


wu- irith  Ifiuoe,  Itll-U :  •oouelolbsan  bj  FitaJnmo, 
biihop  of  Lomlon,  mi-14;  audt  Uia  Ountarboi;  pll- 
Krlnuge,  1614^  paid  uuanoitj  to Sraimiu;  pnAclwd  Bt 
wndu/**  tDjtaluUan  u  owdlaal,  It'J ;  dnw  op  itotuUa 


OOLLET,  JOHN  (I735f-ns0),  palntf 
;hlp^S   brimanHU  pl€C€A,  irSl-A);  hia  pic 

OOLLETOIT,  JOHN  {IHH-ieU),  Koma 
ltIdi-  ;  DducatBl  at  LAoooln  CollegB,  Oilanl. : 
idd.  117«,  Donar;  — '— •  ~  -■-  "—"-•■  - 
-■ '-  IbeToi 


:   nhlUial, 
IB  plEUins 


nrlmos'  I 


OOLEY,  BBNIIY 
BStiologer  ;  tnicliCT  Dl 
*GUvi:l  Altrolo^E,'  II 


Xulchup,  L> 
lll>TU7  and  an 


blB  ownplale  voilii  Snt  Imed.  1BS7- 
[iL  SSI 
A^Lematlolaa  1 


lUt-t:  <HUad.UM;  ritiimdto 

and  Tioar-ffmoal,  1M8-6 ;  nned  tbc  pen  la 
jDM  Oharlei'i  mairli^  wIUi  ^w**"*  Mark, 
■lied  polimlaal  tiBalii.  [iL  tU] 

r.  Sir  QEOROE  FOUEROT  (ISU-lmx 
rsl;    an   Irishnuia :   nloisUd   at  Siuidbqin; 


klll«]  at  Uajnba  HIU, 

JOHN  (/,  1«0),  UiBologiad  wri 

1,    SAMUEL    (jl.    inB-17J7),    a 


the  caleiKlar,  Janoary-^rchX  IMi, '  Trias  Thaomaticr^ 
(tlTn  Dt  SS.  PatrlGk.  Golumtia.  and  Bridget),  1U7,  aud 
life  of  Duna  Sootiu,  lUt.  [xi.  iSO] 

OOLIXTDX,   LoHb    (<I.   less).     [Ss   FaCLm,   Sm 

OOLLUtS,    ?11EDBIUCK    WILLIAU   (1771-lnSO), 

Co,  iaOO-!l,  of  Collard  t^  OoUani,  IMB-M,       [.L  Mu] 


1.  ABTHUR(iesa-l 

(e,  Oitord,  10B8  ;  reoior  oi  lAogtoca  MacB, 
Ot-U:  Dubllibtd  'GlHTli  UnlnnaU*,*  ih£ 
Ik,  antlclpatlue  Ilakekr'i  Tim 
PbilOKph,;  1T30,  and  'Lonkin; 
iiai;  wiui«  ID  -jn[BLd  Journal'  a«Biuat  fiiabop  HovdlJ^ 
opiulona,  1719,  [il.  JM] 

OOIXIEE,  Sir  FIUSOIS  AUGUBTUS  (1788  T-ISt*]; 
rear-admiral;  iwond  hid  of  Sir  (Icortre  Collier  [q.  t.); 
aitcTBd  nanj,  IIM  ;  lieottiianl,  IHtO ;  tai  agalun  Arab 
pkata  In  tbc  Penlan  OoU,  IBIB-JU :  lau-^dmlral,  l«M. 

OOLLIXK,  Sir  BBOROB  <ir9H-17at),  Tlir^diiilnl  1 

Druiade.  177S ;  kolgblfd,  1771 ;  mlor  oBloer  at  BaUbi, 
HovB  Sootia,  l77fl-» ;  InBlctiri  Kimt  damage  on  American 
■Idpplni;.  177s;  Dommioded  tbip  at  the  rellsl  of  O-ibcalOi 
and  captured  SunLtJi  friifate,  1781 :  M.P,,  Hoolton,  li^; 
imr-adminil,  1793 ;  vtotadminj,  17M.  [iL  JW] 

□OLUSB,  OILBS  (la93-l«7S),  author  of  aabbitl 
traoti ;  onlereil  New  Inn  Hall,  Oitord,  leSB ;  M.A,  11. 


J«M.  bat  nnmololal-  poblilbnl  -Sbon  VMv  of 
'iBownlili  ud  FratnatB  o(  the  Bnglltb  Stim,'  II 
ktaiRJaiiwn  to  thoa  wbo  repticd,  iaP9-lTUH;  mlnii 


aaloriac  UiIuhi.  1TI3:  o(> 
ril  inf  in>:lntrodu<»]  ■ 


loojaron,  1T18.  [iL  Ml) 

. .  _  .    .  .  L  (IBth  HDt.),  uiiialcliD :  pieudonriD 

M  GBMSI  TcxL :  Uwir-iiliyR'  M  Ilie  lUllui  open  ; 
fBM^  ■  Muioil  TnTdl  In  Bnglslid.'  17ri.  uUllalllK 
Chuta  aamy  {17H-1SU)  [q,  v.],   mid  -Jod   Onlllcr 


t.  iT73-t 


JOBS,  'Tim  Boi 

■r  BcK-tnlito :  p*lL . 

i:  pablltbfii  tirentt-Bl 

Jobu    WhlUbr' 


(lIOS-irM).  KQl 


I7n-Tl 


ooLLin.  joaKPA?Kbat8)-i§89), 

nitio:  taooghtap  >t  L«d> :  npoRer  to '  T  _     .  . 
um-tl:  butUttt,  iUilUt  Tmpla,  UN;  F^. 


tKtaBn  BliBbMlBO  poM :  cdlMd '  (M  n«jL' uppii^ 
^ai«  euK  IB  niili^'i  •mllii  lliiii.  limi  T.  IMI,  ud 
Ml ;  tarwai  ballada ;  laMkd  dosmnBiM  bilaiurtas  to 
SiMil  ODll«n  tt«  paUUB  nBiiidi,uid  tlig  BBston 

SlnnlKfiaBg)  cmltalica;  poUMitf  1  ■mrt«T« 
UDfuMle  RMct;  Ull,  ud  •Fmeti'  ud  'Pu- 
«An '  •aaanlH  Bbdo^HK  1  tU-<  Mid  1  tt»,  bupd]' 
nffitfiH  hk  (briwM ;  ICbmrtu  to,  Mid  pmlmMr  (<  lb* 
Diteiii  DtfTCBMUn ;  «£)rfpaBBinirtlH(kBidB]  BodLb^i 
lOMl,  Hi*  Pbbt  BMMr.^HO-t,  Mid  Uw  «ii>li«|i«n 
SBttr,lMl-«l;f  wmTtoUnBritUhMiinimnionuiil*- 
M.1NT-W;  BlHd  -BiBbiaKtHBdliHU,-  lM7,-m(U- 

n  of  ttH  BaOnntn'  Oompuij.'  IN'  '     -'  ""■ 

Bimod^  WBta,  UfO-1 :  nndnd  ■  _.  _ 
IM;  iDfnd  naiiliial  somottODi  In  «  ant 

'^-"-^MdniftilDOticlanUU:  bnofbti 


Tfftfhm.  ISM.  lini)  lo  the  H 


«f  Chulci  OoUiRnw  [q,  t.]  ;  I 


lUi.  TrtiriV  Ceden.  Ounbrldn,  1T4«  :  U. 
tBw^  uUomT^Ou^iTfdce,mS-H :  bit ' 


graOj  impraied  tin  breal  dI  nhorUioiii  mttlc  on  Uib 


[Suppl  It. 
1-1  aM>,  preitiy 


riimibriiln;   pivibfteTliiD  cbiipUIn  jit   fiar««. 


iljuIDtaf  Dw  weeUmdlauHn.]W7.  [xL  UT] 

OOLLIHU,  EAHIJEL  (/.  ITBO-KM!),  painter  ■»] 

irlaturUt:  exblbltelst UieItojilAcwlem;,lTS4-R:  de- 

.ganl  c^KcaUira  mgniTHl   bf  TIuhdu    HoTtandinD ; 

.rourena.  [H.MI] 

OOLLIKOTOII.  JOHN  (li4S-l8U).    [So  Ooluetiis.] 
OOUINOWOOD,  ODTHBEST.ilntBuioxOoUJIia' 


■Dd  In  Um  Htdllemian,  17«»-T:  did  Rood  Hrrloe 
QiH  St.  TlDosit.  ITtT:  bloobded  Onlli,  ITsr-ti  ttw 
■dmt»l,17n;  blnbdid  DrM,1TH-IMMi  Tiefrodmjnl, 
ISM  ;  srolKd  off  DmIIi.  UU  ;  took  commud  m  NtiMM** 
dntb  It  Tntalgu,  Ootobn'  ISM :  biat  taut}  of  ttaa  pilita 
tbnu^  bflglBotltig  NdiDb*!  iaxt  onhr:  rmlicd  to  tbfl 
pflnffF  lud  pvntiaiwd  ;  * 


hlack*dai  Toala 


leitTojlpg  U 


OEilHOE  (4.  mt).  Jiioblte :  t 


rerpiKH.       [xL  IM] 


OOLLUTS,  ASTHONr  (ia;<-17l»>,  delil:  edoolod 
t  Sim  and  Klug't  OolUsc  Chmbridgi :  triCDd  et  Jaba 
ocln.  17ua-l :  pubUibed  polltleal  truti,  17DT-10:  mi- 
irlial  Itae  Bnt  olwin  ('aDtboritf  in  EontimnlH  d( 
ilib')  of  Uie  twcntlMh  ARiel>  of  ItdlRim.  17M  ul 
7U:  TialUd  Holliuid.l71Iud  1711  :Dablldiidli)> ■Dtp- 
FnMhlDldng,'  1711;  ridic 

Un-ObrUUi 


:?■« 


'  Koqulry  Oonnmbig  Rod 


,■  I7S4.  and 
UL  Mil 


00LIJH8.  ABTHUB  (U*(I?-17KIX  aottaor  af  tbs 

BarnnBlaffD  ot  E^l^ud,'  two  voliluiB^  179D;  rfiVlHd 
<Hueol  tbe*  rcengc,'  tbrn  tdIuedga.  ]7Bfr  (Kcvuil  allUon, 
1711 :  BUppUantvts  niO>:  pcnslDnnl;  mlanrnl  alltion  of 


«■(!!.»  voluniot),  by 

[xi.  M4] 


00LUKB.C:HA1ILE.SALLSTOtI(lS»l-tS71),  polDlei 
uil  Butbor ;  KID  Dt  Wilimm  Colllni  (nm-ltill  [q.  t.] ;  m 
pre.E«pliMllls  ;  eibibllBl  at  '■-"--'     . —— .  —•. 

OOLLIHB,  OUARLES  J. 
iounaUit  ID  Loulon  :  pnblii 


e  Royal  Amdiimy:  pub- 


ooixms,  s 

Dd  al  thu  ni\cl  I 
.  .  Niw  80atii  V 


«-lSlU).   o 


Iiik>,  17^-M:'pubU>lw!'Ac 
ilet,'  17(6-180);  KOvemwof  T 


ooiiLurs 


264 


OOLLDTSOiar 


OOLinrS,  GREENVILE  (/.  1679-1693X  hydro- 
grapher ;  director  of  the  coast  sorv^  of  Qreat  Britain, 
1681-8 :  pabliabed  •  Great  Britain's  Coasting  PUot,*  1693. 

[xt  867] 

OOLLDTS,  HEROULBS  (d.  1702X  baptist  minister  at 
Wapping:  pablished  sermons  and  oontroveralal  tracts, 
1680-96.  [xl.  867] 

OOLLtH B,  ;rOHN  (<f .  1634),  physician ;  feUow  of  8t 
John's  College,  Cambridget  1598 ;  MJ).,  1608 :  fellow  of 
the  London  College  of  Physicians,  1618 ;  reglos  professor 
of  medicine,  Cambridge,  16S6-S4.  [xt  868] 

OOLLDTB,  JOHN  (1636-1688),  mathematician ;  book- 
seller's apprentice  in  Oxford;  clerk  in  Prince  Charles's 
kitchen:  served  at  sea  off  Crete,  1642-9;  mathematical 
teacher  in  London ;  pablished  mathematical  treatises, 
1668-9 :  government  clerk,  1660-7S ;  F.RJB.,  1667 ;  pab- 
lished pamphlets  on  trade,  1680-8;  his  luge  scientific 
Gcnrespondenoe  partly  printed,  1712.  [xL  368] 

OOLLDTB,  JOHN  (1683  ?-1687),  congregational  minis- 
ter ;  taken  as  a  boy  to  America ;  fdlow  of  Harvard, 
c  1649;  chaplain  in  Honck's  army,  1659-60;  oongr^^- 
tlonal  minister  in  London  ;  pablished  sermons. 

[XL869] 

OOLLDTB,  JOHN  (1786  ?-1759  ?X  painter  of  Italian 
landscapes ;  soene-painter  to  various  London  theatres. 

[xL  870] 

OOLLDTB,  JOHN  (1741-1797X  Shakespearean  scholar  ; 
educated  at  Eton  and  from  1759  at  Queen's  College,  Oxford : 
B.C.L.,  1766 ;  curate  of  Ledbury,  Herefordshire ;  defended 
Edward  Capell  [q.  v.]  against  Ctoorge  Steevens  [q.  v.], 
1777 ;  edited  Capdl's  *  Notes '  on  Shakespeare,  1781 ;  be- 
came imbecile ;  died  in  pmury.  [xL  870] 

OOLLDTB,  JOHN  (d.  1807X  colonel;  nicknamed 
*Klng  Collins* ;  cadet  In  the  Bengal  army,  1769 ;  major, 
1794 :  lieutenant-colonel,  1796  ;  resident  at  the  court  of 
Daulat  RAo  Sindhia,  1795-1803 ;  envoy  to  Jeypore,  1799 ; 
resident  at  the  Nawab  of  Oodh's  court,  Lucknow,  1804-7. 

[XL3711 

OOLLDTB,  JOHN  (J.  1808X  actor  and  poet;  son  of  a 
tailor  at  Bath  ;  a  staymaker ;  went  on  the  stage  at  Bath  ; 
acted  at  Dublin,  1764 ;  gave  a  popular  vocal  and  anec- 
dotal entertainment  in  London  and  the  provinces,  1775- 
1793;  published  *  Scripscrapologia  *  (verse^X  1804,  and 
contributed  verses  to  the  *  Birmingham  Chronicle.* 

[xi  871] 

OOLLDTB,  MORTIMEB  (1837-1876X  man  of  letters ; 
son  of  a  Plymouth  solicitor;  mathematical  master  In 
Guernsey,  1850-6  ;  published  verses,  1855  and  1860 :  wrote 
for  periodicals :  setUed  In  Berkshire,  1862 ;  published 
humorous  novels,  political  squltn,  essays.  [xL  873] 

OOLLDTB,  RICHARD  (d.  1733),  draughtfonan  of  the 
Spalding  Society ;  pupil  of  Michael  Dahl  [q.  v.]  [xi  374] 

OOLLDTB,  RICHARD  (1755-1831X  miniature  painter 
in  London :  pupil  of  Jeremiah  Meyer  [q.  v.] ;  exhibited, 
1777-1818;  retired  to  Penhore,  Worcestershire,  1811; 
returned  to  London,  1838.  [Ix.  874] 

OOLLINB.  SAMUEL  (1676-1651),  divine:  bom  and 
educated  at  Eton  ;  scholar  of  King's  College,  Cambridge, 
1591 ;  M.A.,  1599 ;  D.D.,  1618 ;  chaplain  to  archbishops 
Bancroft  and  Abbot ;  rector  of  Fen  Ditton,  C}ambridge- 
shire  (ejected  1643) :  sinecure  rector  of  Milton,  Cambridge- 
shire; provost  of  King's  College,  Cambridge,  1615 ;  regius 
professor  of  divinity,  Cambridge,  1617-51 ;  prebendary  of 
Ely,  1618 ;  ejected  by  puritans  from  provostship,  1645 ; 
published  pamphlets  against  BeUarmlne.  [xl.  374] 

OOLLDTB,  SAMUEL  (1619-1670X  author  of  the 
*  Present  State  of  Russia'  (published  1671):  entered 
Corpus  C?hrlsti  College,  (Cambridge,  1635 ;  M.D.  Padua, 
1651 ;  Incorporated  M.D.  at  Oxford,  1659 ;  physician  to 
the  Czar  of  Russia  at  Moscow,  1660-9 ;  died  at  Parlg. 

[xi.  375] 

OOLLDTB,  SAMUEL  (1617-1685),  physician ;  edu- 
cated at  Eton ;  fellow  of  King's  College,  Cambridge,  1637 ; 
B.A.,  1638;  studied  medicine  at  Leyden :  M.D.  Cam- 
bridge, 1648 ;  Intruded  fdlow  of  New  College,  Oxford,  and 
incorporated  as  MJ).,  1650 ;  fellow  of  the  Lcmdou  College 
of  Physicians,  1651 ;  practised  in  London.         [xi.  376] 

OOLLDTB,  SAMUEL  (1618-1710X  comparative  ana- 
tomist;  fellow  of  Trinitiy  College,  Cambridge;    M.An 


1643 ;  travelled ;  M.D.  Pftdua,  1654 ;  incorporated  KD. 
at  Oxford,  1659,  and  at  Cambridge,  1673  ;  fellow  of  the 
London  College  of  Physicians,  1668,  and  president,  1696 : 
practised  In  London ;  published  *  A  Syateme  of  Anatomy,* 
1685.  [xL  876] 

OOLLDTB,  SAMUEL  (Jt.  1760-1780),  miniature, 
painter.  [xL  877] 

OOLLDTB,  SAMUEL  (1808-1878),  *  the  bard  of  Hale 
Moss ' ;  a  Lancashire  weaver  and  radical  politician  ;  pub- 
lished *  Miscellaneous  Poems,'  partly  In  the  Lancashire 
dialect  [xL  877] 

OOLLDTB,  THOMAS  (Jt.  1615X  author  of  *The 
Penitent  Publican,'  a  devotional  poon,  1610,  and  *Tbe 
Tearet^  of  Loue,'  a  pastoral,  1615.  [xL  377] 

OOLLDTB,  WILLIAM  (1781-1759),  poet;  son  of  a 
C^lche^ter  hatter ;  educated  at  Winchester  ;  demy  of 
Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  1741 ;  BJL,  1748 ;  poblisbed 
verses  In  the  'Gentleman's  Magazine,'  1789;  pablisliel. 
his  'Persian  Eclogues,'  1743,  and  his  'Odes,*  which  taktt 
a  very  high  rank  among  English  lyrics,  1747 ;  contribnteil 
some  odes  to  Dodsley's  '  Museum,*  1749 :  became  imhfffik> ; 
affectionately  cared  for  by  his  sister ;  his  collected  worka 
first  published,  1765.  [zL  877] 


OOLLDTB,    WILLIAM  (</.  1793X   modeUer  of 
rdiefs  for  chimney-pieces  and  reredoaes ;  exhibited  at  U» 
Incorporated  Society  of  Artists,  1760-8.  [xL  880] 

OOLLDTB,  WILLIAM  (1788-1847),  landsoape,  pat- 
trait,  and  figure  painter ;  exhibited,  1807-46 ;  alao  etched : 
his  ixtintingis  very  popular,  and  many  of  them  engraved ; 
ILA.,  1830.  [xi.  880] 

OOLLDTB,  WILLIAM  LUCAS  (1817-1887X  miMel. 
laneouB  writer ;  MJl.  Jesus  College,  Oxford,  1841 ;  viosr 
of  Kllsby,  1867-78,  and  rector  of  Lowlck,  Northampton- 
shire, 1873-87 ;  wrote  p<^ular  monographs  on  gratl 
writers.  [xL  881] 

OOLLDTB,  WILLIAM  WILKIE  (1834-1889),  uovdiBt; 
son  of  William  CoUlns  (1788-1847)  [q.  v.]  ;  articled  to  a 
firm  of  tea  mo^hants  In  London ;  entered  Linooln's  Inn, 
1846,  and  was  called  to  the  bar,  1851 ;  published  *  An- 
tonina,'  1850,  and  *  Rambles  beyond  Railways,*  1861 ;  soon 
adopted  the  profession  of  literature  :  made  aoqaaintanoc 
of  Dickens ;  contributed  to  'Household  Words  *  and  the 
'Holly  Tree'  from  1855:  collaborated  with  Dickens  In 
'Lazy  Tour  of  Two  Idle  Apprentices*  and  'Perils  of 
certain  English  Prisoners,*  1857 ;  contributed  *  The  Woman 
in  White '  to '  All  the  Year  Round,'  1860,  and  subeeqaently 
issued  serial  stories  In  this  and  other  magazines,  Indadlng 
'Combill '  and  '  Temple  Bar ' ;  joined  Dickens  In  writing 
'  No  Thoroughfare,'  1867 ;  gave  public  readings  in  United 
States,  1873-4.  His  works  Include  'The  Dead  Secret,' 
1857,  'Armadale,*  1866,  'Moonstone,*  1868,  'The  Two 
Destinies,*  1876,  and  several  playo.  [SuppL  li.  46] 

OOLLDTBON,  JAMES  (1825 7-1881),  painter;  one  of 
the  pre-Raphaelites ;  embraced  Roman  catiioUdsm :  ex- 
hibited at  various  institutions,  1847-80 ;  wrote  verse. 

[ZL381] 

OOLLDTBON,  JOHN  (1757  7-1793X  ooanty  historian: 
vicar  of  Claufleld,  Oxfordshire:  vicar  of  Long  Ashton, 
SomerHct,  1787-93  ;  published  '  Beauties  of  British  Anti- 
quitiets*  1779,  and  'History  ...  of  Somerset,'  1791. 

[xi.S8S] 

OOLLDTBOK,  PETER  (1694-1768X  naturalist  and 
antiquary;  bom  near  Windermere:  a  North  American 
merchant ;  F.SA. :  F.R.S.,  1728 ;  correspondent  <rf  Ben- 
jamin Franklin ;  studied  plants  and  insects ;  coDtriboted 
to  scientific  journals.  [xL  883] 

OOLLDTBON,  Sir  RICHARD  (1811-1883X  adminl: 
entered  the  navy,  1833 ;  employed  on  survey  work  on  the 
South  American  coast,  1828,  and  in  the  China  seas,  1840-6 ; 
captain,  1842  ;  went  through  Behring  Straits  in  search  of 
Sir  John  Franklin,  1850-4 :  rear-admiral,  1863 ;  admiral 
and  K.C.B.,  1875 ;  wrote  geographical  papers.  [zL  888] 

OOLLDIBOV,  SEPTIMUS  (1739-1837X  provoit  of 
Queen's  College,  Oxford ;  M.A.  Queen's  College,  Oxford, 
1767  :  D.D.,  1793  ;  rector  of  Dowlish,  Somerset,  1778,  and 
of  Holwell,  Dorset,  1794:  provost  of  Queen*8  Cottage, 
1796,  and  Lady  Margaret  professor  of  dlvinitj,  Oxfond, 
1798-1887.  [xL  8B4] 


i,  JOBS  DAT(lS1I-18nx>utlioroIr:1u>l» 


pint  lew  nligioui 
Uw'natontldn. 
J08BPH.  tb»  ddBT  (J.  17ISK  a 


OOIiQUHOTIN 

ODLR&OHt  or  COLHAOO.  7ADL(]7S1-iaU),  prist 
sli^r;  bora  in  Mllaa:  rnrit  uKait  oC Rltn"*' Tnnr:. ptlnt 
rilrr,  nf  l^ndoii ;  putucr  of  Oolniighl  *  Co. :  *  uta- 
lll«l  EnBlU^Lmiu.  [.L  ill] 

COLOHB.  PHILIP  HOWARD  (1881-IBM).  irlc*»d- 


;  pauUhel  diiukto 
r  OOLOKEBniB. 


[au'ptri.™.Mj 


•.[q   V 


>  Dp  UbnTlannblp  at  J^mbotil 
ilbrarj,  IBM  :  Dompilal'OiilllaOiiinulti.'*  blbilo^nphr 
t  Fre^ich  onBPt&hBta>  IBflft  :  publiabol  ppttrraini,  mlW' 
itoB  ol  ^ooB,'  blHIorltBl  tmcu,  and  tbcDlagla]  plfcoi, 
IW-M:  bii  'lulls  «l  Rlgpuls  OrioiUUt'  patilblial 
710.  titm] 

OQLDirU,  ADAM  DK  (IMt-l«B«).  pulntcr :  Mo  of 
lUm  Looli't  At  OaloDli,!  notterdiiin  painter:  painMl 
atiLF-piF«4,  vUIb^  wakcH,  and  <vnaa<TiLtloiui  b;  night ; 
:o1]#t :  made  ropla  of  Bauapcf'H  plt^tona :  teuJed  Id 
nglwiJ  ;  died  m  (xindoD.  [i>.  >»*] 

OOLonsAT,    Lonn   (i;8S-187i).     [S«   MarNnu, 

OOLOSIBVS.  JOHN  DK  CA  '>*>)k  Dominimn  trtari 
forei^Er  :  D.D-  Oxford  IAI7;  a  prol<^  of  WoUef  i 


OOLPOTS, SIR  JOHK  (IMf?-IMI),  a< 
1  in  Wwt  iDd'--   ■—  ■ 
Indies  l"U-*  ;    ipUln.  177a  ;  r 


.  reliKlom.  _ 

iiifirrtnl.  I7P0.  Jamra  OoUtotiDiiii,  atUrwuili  (ISM)  UUrd 
baroD;t.of  Lokl,  SuniharViiiiblrE.  Cli-^H 

COLQTIHOIIII.     JOHK     (I7U  .  1897).    tbeologlcal 

(llawow  ;  DUUiitcr  in  Soulh  Lritb,  I7Bl.lBn :  pnbllalKd 
devotional  traeu,  1813-18.  [il.  WSJ 

OOLttUHOmr,  JOHN  (Igos-iawj,  wma  on  ipnrt: 
Hiu  of  Joni^t,  lody  Csligiibouii  [q.  t.)  ;  elncal«)  at  EJIn- 
ImrKh ;  army  offlHT  in  CoDiutLight.  1)138  :  pubUiticd  -  Tlie 
Moor  and  the  Loob.'  IWO,  and  limllat  worfa,  it 


.   WAITBH  (J.   IMIX  poot:  edBcaloJ  a 

Dns}:  HI  ObKnaat  fdu:  print  on  tht  Eiwllib  mh 
-nn:  iBpiiHiaed,  IMI^:  DBMIihed.  c  Itll, 'la  Dane 
■adxtn-  [iL  aae] 

OOUUeSL  DOMIKIC  PAUL  (I7M-187B).  prln 
Ira^a^  hu  oI  Paul  Oolautal  ta,  •.]:  ohief  partner  I 
irm  tl   ColDWt"    A   Co-  I^ndiHi.    l!>U-ei:   coIIhU 


I  0olli»i.OriJnl,I8M;M.r..l 

and  policial  and  idigloiir  p< 

OOIItTFSOIIN,  PATKIC 


'  llqD«  tnlEo,  poor  relief,  al 


<3-t7 :  publidMii  bttva^laa 
iphWa.  [>l.  tOl] 

li;4£-1810),  metrapoUtaD 
.);  merrbaiil  in  'Vfrginlm 
lovnl  to  London.  I7W :  boii. 
Midi  pampblet«  on  ttad*^ 
Kilice  iiuaUont.  [li.  uai 


QOliQTTHOniT 


1  PATRICK    MAOCHOMBAlCn 
Jolm^s  Ootlc^,  CMDbiidge :  M.A-, 


[Suppl.  II. 
<    (108O-I7DO).    DiallieDwUDliu) 

'  .™b»Ik,  Kent, 


I7W  :  M  J.  Bdimanuel  Culitiia  Osmb „„ 

irotawr  at  maliiHniiH™,  ITSS;  noun  ot  lacklngUm, 
farlalili?:  tublLihel  nulhemaUcal  InatlHi  Biul  tnnsln- 
.loi»,  IJU-ti.  C^l'  406) 

OOLSOM,  LANCELOT  (Jl,  lUSI.  or  OiRLHii*;,  natro- 


{>!.  HOT] 

BDWAAD  (itae-izti),  phUuiUiroptit :: 
rtH'i  BnplUl.  London  i  mldad  in  BriitoU 
1  W»t  tndtn.  I«89  ;  nrided  it  UonUDce. 
"     M.P,  Briitol,  1710-lB     •       -  ■ 


flptcr  ;  probably  i 


0OtII.T.  alhu  PoDLTRiw  or  Pow 
"(j>.IEaO-1«IS),HulptoT;niittTiiot  i 
lOt  In  Weelmlnslcr  Abbej,  ISW-e ;  i 


OOLTON,  OHASLBB  OALBB  ('1T80?-Ia3j 
of  L«B>n  '  (ls»J-»>,twQ  lolumeB  ot  »pharirai»  ; 
■t  BUn  ;  U.A.  Kln^  OoLlcge.  OunbrtOge,  U 
mldenl  ncWr  ot  Pr<ur'a  Ponion.  "nTsnini. 
vEcar  o(  Ktw  and  PetenhHm,  Surrey,  ISl^l 
Qierolunt  [□  Loudon  ;  bAnkmpt ;  withdrew  to 
egmtnilloJ  aiilclde ;  pnbUilKd  ntirai,  ima,  es 


aOVtOtt,  JOHK  ( 


I.  ItOt).  archblitaop  of  Amueli : 
iOiege,  Ounbrldjfe,  mid  doctor  of 
or  Dt  TDrrlngloo,  NorToUc,  IIOO  : 
offlolAl  [n  Ir^nd.  TftUtn^  troops 


a  ITIMV  dilcf  :  bom  itl 


lo  Ireliod.  STS.  and  <\e 


T  (Ha-flHl   abbot  ol   1 


rnOgliiFltbUu  Prenkbi 


OOLYILE, 

ot  Oraitiilov.-er 


r  OOLDEWZL,  OBOBi 
^la  JAMES  WILLIAM 


mtus  ol  the  iiuMT  l^apic, 
Wcatla.  IMS:  lliTOce,  IMS, 
I  Brngal:    knlgblfll.  IStS: 


DOffliutttw  of  tbe  pi 


ms  nibfcrlptli.. 
pisbjlrry  at  Di! 
Ujd  expeEiDd  prrsb^Tr 


ijttn-  Ol 


Wstmlnncr  Oonfcalon 


t  Mjirtlnique, 
dWIslao.  \a  ' 


lleot  WBffrCumbrae,  who 
ADioy  ol  ColTllle  of  Oolroii.  b 


,  ."'.SP- 


a 


Lad;  of  Gidrtin'e  Dmm. 

OOLTILLX,  BtH  JAKES  (<f.  KM  ?).  diplonutL^t;  id 
Ouut  Wsmim;  atlDtli«S«iitiEL  puiiamEnt,  IO»-U: 


V  of  OahUtrM  tor  Bs<t 


mym,  Uti  :  knl^^tid 


RN  (lMt?-lBOi),  Bcoltlih  poUttslu: 


uio;  lo  BimUnd  ,  unprtninwd.  UM, 
bit  (tfflca  by  pulluDdit :  igtom 
Ion.  }tS7,  At  Dnce  TvlsnEne  ;  mi  ta 
leiit.  lUT  ;  iolDBi  Uh  Sul  at  BoO- 
outbwri.  IHt  I  pndOBid  a  bttnr- 
mxiunosd    protBrtuilIno :    TMtol 


COLYILLS 


'  OOLTnx.  WILLIAM  (d.  ItTn 
of  Cloih,  KlnroHhln:  kLA.  Bi 
minister  In  Edlnbnnili.  ItU-tB;  onof 
, ,_-  ™.-,rl«  I,  lfl«  :  drmri. 

iinta  University,  Iwl; 


UtrKbt  ;  Ell! 

priuclpBl  ol  EdLubnrgli   Univmdt)-,  iaii-li  :  pj'uyAed 

OOLTTR.  JOHN  ItDSSELL  (ISOf  ISSJ).  Indiiui  oO- 
cinl ;  In  the  Ko-t  India  Oompnnj's  «EiTi™  m  Bqi^il, 
I8!e-Ii :  fiinw  tmnlnty  lo  Uie  govenwr-senenl,  IBW- 


OOIiWAUCi 


267 


OOMPTON 


^;  rerident  of  Nepaol,  1841 :  commissioner  in  TenM- 
^im,  ISM :  member  of  tbe  Sadder  revenoe  coort,  1849 ; 
fi^jteDA&t-frovemor  of  the  north-west  proTinoes,  1868 ; 
<teitAgza.  [zL4»] 

COLWALL,  DANIEL  (d.  1690X  cltiaen  of  London ; 
^.R&,  IMS,  and  treasurer,  1666-79:  inaogorated  the 
Bocietj^  mntnrm,  1666 ;  benefactor  of  Christ's  HoepitaL 

[xi.  494] 

OHLTBAB,  Sir  DAVID,  first  Barl  of  Portmors 
i^d.  1799X  s  scion  of  the  Robertsons  of  Stirowan,  Perth- 
ahire:  catered  Dutch  senrice,  1674:  served  onder  Wil- 
liam in  in  Ireland  (1689-90)  and  Flanders ;  married  the 
Orsintiw  ef  Dorchester,  mistress  of  James  II ;  created 
Baron  Partmure,  1699 ;  major-general,  1702 :  created  &url 
of  Purtaaura,  1703 :  served  in  Ormonde's  fatile  expeditions 
to  ^aia,  ITiDS,  and  Flanders,  171S :  general,  1711 :  non- 
governor  of  Gibraltar,  1713-30.  [zi.  484] 


THOMAS  (/.  1387X  Cistercian  monk ; 

gadaate  of  Fkris ;  theological  writer.  [xi.  4S6] 


ANDREW  (1797-1847X  physiologist  and 
pfacnoiogist:  of  a  sickly  constitution:  qualified  as  a 
■iifeon,  1817 ;  studied  anatomy  in  Paris,  1817 ;  disciple  of 
Jottura  Osspar  Bporzheim,  1818 ;  pracUsed  medicine  in 
BfiBborgh,  1823-83,  1836-40;  MJ).  Edinburgh,  1835; 
conferibatcd  to  nodical  journals ;  published  popular  health 
tRStina,  1831-40;  joined  the PhrenolofficalSociety,  1890, 
and  ooatrilmted  to  the  *  Phrenological  Journal,*  1833-46. 

[xi.  426] 

OOXBB,  CHARLES  (1743-1817X  numismatist;  son 
of  s  LoDdoa  apothecary ;  educated  at  Harrow ;  apothe- 
esiy  in  London,  1768 ;  F.S.A^  1771 ;  helped  WillUm 
Hsstcr  to  collect  coins  from  1778 ;  F.RJ3.,  1776 ;  one  of 
Bmter'a  trnstees,  1788 ;  M  J>.  Glasgow,  1783 ;  accoucheur 
ia  r<nnilnn,  17B4-1817;  published  *  Index  nummorum 
flnninm  Imperatomm,  Angnstorum  et  CsBsarum,*  1773,  a 
locaomeoo 


coins  in  Hunter's  collection,  1782,  and 
fltber  Bomismatical  tracts ;  edited  Horace,  1792-3. 

[xl  426] 

OOMBB,  OEOBOB  (1788-1868X  phrenologist ;  son  of  an 
Utnboxgh  brewer ;  educated  in  Edinburgh ;  a  lawyer's  ap- 
pnodce,  1804 ;  writer  to  tbe  signet,  1812 ;  became  a  dis- 
dpie  of  Sparxbeim ;  retired  from  business,  1836 ;  wrote  in 
tenoe  of  phrenology,  1818-19 ;  founded  the  Phrenological 
taieky,  1890,  and  the  *  Phrenologioal  Journal,'  1823  ;  lec- 
tved  on  pbienology  in  Edinburgh  from  1822;  published 
'Bsmeuts  o€  Phreoology,'  1824,  and  'Essay  on  the  ConsU- 
tattoncf  Han,'  1888;  lectured  in  America,  1838-40,  and 
Germany,  1842;  published  pamphlets  on  education  and 
ndalcthiGa.  [xL  427] 


.  TAYLOR  (1774-1826X  numismatist :  son  of 
(Varies  Ooinbe  [q.v.];  educated  at  Harrow  and,  1791, 
Orid  OoQege,  Oxford;  M.A.,  1798;  F.S.A.,  1796;  keeper 
of  coins,  1803,  and  of  antiquities,  1807-26,  in  the  British 
If useom :  F.RjS^  1806 ;  published  catalogues  of  Museum 
o^ns  and  antique  marbles,  1814-26;  contributed  to 
'Archaotogia.*  [xl.  429] 


THOMAS  (1797-1872X  printer;  son  of  a 
Lehaeiteishtre  booksdler ;  connected  with  the  Clarendon 
prasB,  Oxford,  from  1837 ;  a  leading  benefactor  of  the 
chorcfa  in  Oxford.  [xi.  430] 


E,  WILLIAM  (1741-1823X  author  of  *  Doctor 
Syntax  * ;  educated  at  Eton ;  said  to  have  been  at  Oxford, 
c  1760;  travdled  in  France  and  Italy;  lived  extrava- 
gantly in  London  and  (1768)  in   Bristol ;   nicknamed 
^Osont  Oombe';    withdrew   to   France,   hopelessly   in 
dri)t ;  letomed  to  Lond<m :  roamed  about  in  toe  liberties 
of  the  Fleet,  e.  1773  ttU  deat^ :  compiled  and  translated 
tiaveta  and  histories  for  the  booksellers,  1774-1821 ;  made 
s  hit  by  *  The  Diaboliad,'  a  satire  on  Simon,  lord  Imham, 
1776 :  iaeoed  similar  metrical  satires,  1777-84 ;  published 
B4paBititkxis  *  Letters,'  1777-86;  published  novels,  1784- 
1790;   patiUshed  political  pamphlets,  1789-92,  and  was 
p-tf|fti>r1   by  Pitt,  1789-1806,  as  a  government  writer ; 
wrote  letterpresa  for  Boyddl's  *  River  Thames,*  1794-6, 
lor  Ackermann's  *  Thames,*  1811,  *  Westminster  Abbey,' 
18L2,*Oxfoni,'  1814, '  Cambridge,'  1816,  and  other  iUus- 
trstsd  works :  contributed  to  the  *  Times,*  1803-9 ;  wrote 
lefcterpcesa  for  Thomas  Rowlandson's    third  volume  of 
*The  Microcosm  of  London,'  1810,  for  his  three '  Tours  of 
Dr.  Sy^Ax.'  1812, 1830,  and  1821,  for  his  *  Danceof  Death,' 
1816-lC,  and  *  Dance  of  life,*  1816,  and  for  his  *  Johnny 
Qeoe  Gcaos,'  1833.  [xi.  430] 


OOMBSB,  THOMAS  (1676-1664),  dean  of  Carlisle; 
sohoUr  of  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  1693 ;  fellow,  1697 ; 
M.A.,  1698 ;  visited  France ;  chaplain  to  James  I ;  rector 
of  Worplesdon,  Surrey,  1616 ;  D.D. ;  dean  of  Carlisle, 
1629  ;  master  of  Trinity,  Cambridge,  1631 ;  ejected  by  the 
parliament.  [xL  436] 

OOMBEB,  THOMAS  (1645-1699),  dean  of  Durham ; 
B.A.  Sidney  Sussex  College.  Cambridge,  1663:  M.A., 
1666 ;  rector  of  Stonegrave,  Yorkshire,  1669  ;  prebendary, 
1677,  and  precentor,  1683,  of  York ;  D.D. ;  dean  of  Dur- 
ham, 1691 ;  published  *  Companion  to  the  Temple,'  1672- 
1676,  and  other  treatises  expository  of  tbe  liturgy,  1676- 
1696,  anti-Romanist  treatis^  1673-96,  and  pamphlets  in 
favour  of  WiUiam  III,  1689-92.  [xi.  486] 

OOKBESFOSD,  OOKERFOSD,  or  aXTEKEBFORD, 

NICHOLAS  (16447-1599X  Jesuit;  bom  at  Waterfoid; 
B.A.  Oxford,  1663 :  went  to  Louvain ;  D.D.,  1676 ;  joined 
the  Jesuits,  1678 ;  published  controversial  tracts. 

[xi.438] 
COKBEBMSSE,    Viscount.     [See    (XnroN,    Sir 
Stapletox,  1773-1866.] 

COMERFORD,  JOHN  (1762  ?-1832  ?X  miniature- 
painter  in  Dublin ;  exhibited  in  London,  1804-9. 

[xi.438] 

OOXOALL,  Saint  (6th  cent.X  Latinised  as  Faustub  ; 
commemorated  on  10  May  :  native  of  Antrim ;  a  soldier ; 
pupil  of  SS.  Finnian  and  Ciaran  ;  missionary  priest ;  re- 
cluse on  Lough  Erne ;  founded  Bangor  Abbey,  oo.  Down, 
c.  668,  and  other  monasteries;  friend  of  St.  Oolumba; 
author  of  a  monastic  *  rule '  copied  by  his  pupil  St.  Oolum- 
ban  [q.  v.]  [xL  438] 

OOMUr,  OOMINZS,  or  OTTMIK,  ROBERT  dk.  Earl 
or  NoRTHUMBKRUiND  (d.  1069X  accompanied  William 
the  Conqueror  to  Englaxid ;  created  Earl  of  Northumber- 
land, and  deputed  to  reduce  the  north  of  England,  1068 ; 
killed  in  a  tumult  at  Durham ;  reputed  ancestor  of  the 
Comyn  family.  [xi.  440] 

OOmiAN  or  COnOC  of  Ross-Oonmiain,  Saint, 
(Jl.  660) ;  commemorated  on  26  Dec,  of  a  noble  Ulster 
family ;  pupil  of  St.  Finnian  ;  missionary  in  Connaught ; 
founded  Roscommon  and  other  monasteries.     [xL  441] 

COHKnrS  (Jt.  B.C.  67-61),  ambassador  from  Julius 
Csesar  to  the  Britons ;  a  Belgic  Gkiul  set  over  the  At^ne- 
bates  by  Julius  Csesar,  B.C.  67 ;  sent,  as  envoy,  to  Britain, 
B.C.  66  ;  served  against  the  Menapii,  B.C.  63 ;  joined  the 
revolted  Gauls,  B.C.  52-61 ;  possibly  withdrew  to  Britain, 
where  three  '  sons  of  Commius  *  are  found  inscribed  on 
coins.  [xU441] 

OOXPOTIBTA  or  00MPXITI8TA,  ROGER  (^.  1360?), 
monk  and  prior  of  Bury  St.  Edmunds ;  compiled  *  Expo- 
sitiones  vocabulorum  Biblije.*  [xi.  442] 

COKPTOK,  HENRY  (1632-1713X  bishop  of  London ; 
younger  son  of  Spenoer  Compton,  second  earl  of  Northamp- 
ton [q.  v.]  ;  possibly  served  in  the  civil  war ;  nobleman 
of  Queen's  College,  Oxford,  1649-62 ;  travelled  In  ItiOy ; 
possibly  served  In  Flanders ;  oomet  in  the  horse  guards, 
1660 :  M.A.  Cambridge,  1661 ;  incorporated  at  Christ 
Church,  Oxford,  1666 ;  rector  of  Cott«iham,  Cambridge- 
shire ;  advanced  in  the  church  by  his  family  influence  and 
the  favour  of  Danby ;  master  of  St.  Cross,  Winchester, 
1667 ;  canon  of  Christ  Church,  Oxford,  and  D.D.,  1669 ; 
bishop  of  Oxford,  1674  ;  translated  to  London,  1676  ;  dean 
of  the  Chapel  Rosral,  1676 ;  privy  councillor,  1676 ;  pro- 
cured the  banishment  of  Joannes  Lyserus ;  religious  in- 
structor of  Princesses  Mary  and  Anne ;  his  hopes  of  the 
see  of  Canterbury  frustrated  by  theoppoeitlonof  the  Duke 
of  York,  1677  ;  assisted  the  persecuted  French  protestants, 
1681 ;  strongly  opposed  repeal  of  Test  Act,  1685 ;  dismissed 
from  the  privy  council  and  the  deanery  of  t^e  Chapel 
Royal,  1686 ;  suspended  from  episcopal  functions  for  re- 
fusing to  inhibit  John  Sharp  [q.  v.]  at  the  king's  order, 
1686 ;  agreed  to  support  William  of  Orange,  1687 ;  joined 
the  revolutionary  committee,  1688 ;  signed  the  invitation 
to  William,  80  June  1688 :  reinstated  in  his  see,  1688 ; 
joined  the  bishops'  protest  against  James  Il's  illegal  acts, 
October  and  November  1688 ;  conveyed  Princess  Anne  to 
Nottingham ;  marched,  as  colonel  of  a  regiment,  to  Oxford ; 
welcomed  William  in  London,  December  1688;  ordered 
omission  of  prayers  for  James  II  and  the  Prince  of  Wales, 
1689 ;  voted  for  declaring  the  throne  vacant ;  reinstated 
as  privy  councillor  and  dean  of  the  Chapel  Royal ;  crowned 


OOMPTON 


268 


OONOANEN 


William  and  Mary,  April  1689 ;  acted  as  primate  daring 
Bancroft's  sospension,  1689-90 ;  sapported  the  toleration 
bill,  1691 ;  lord  almoner,  170S ;  voted  for  SaobevereU,  1710 ; 
collected  foreign  plants ;  spent  his  rerenoes  in  charity ; 
pabUflhed  translaUons  from  French  and  Italian,  1666-77, 
and  *  Letters*  and  *  Charges*  to  his  clergy,  1679-1701. 

[XU448] 
OOMPTON,  HBNRY  (1806-1877X  comedian;  real 
name  Oilarlbb  MACKRXsns ;  merchant's  clerk  in  Lon- 
don :  went  on  the  provincial  stage :  first  acted  in  London, 
1837 ;  at  Dublin,  1840-1 ;  acknowledged  to  be  the  best 
Shakespearean  down  of  his  epoch  ;  last  acted,  at  Liver- 
pool, 1877.  [xi.  447] 

OOMPTOK,  Sib  HERBERT  ABINQDON  DRAPER 
(1770-1846X  judge:  army  officer  In  India;  journalist  in 
London ;  barrister,  Lincoln's  Inn,  1808 ;  advocate-general 
at  Madras  and  Calcutta ;  knighted,  1831 ;  chief-justice  of 
Bombay,  1831-9.  [zL  448] 

OOMPTON,  SPENCER,  second  Earl  of  Nortuamp- 
Toy  (1601-1643X  educated  at  St.  John's  College,  Cam- 
bridge :  K.B.,  1616 ;  styled  Lord  Compton,  1618 :  M.P., 
Ludlow,  1681-2 ;  master  of  the  robes  to  Charles,  as  prince 
of  Wales,  16S3,  and  as  king,  16S6-8 ;  accompanied  Prince 
Charles  to  Spain,  1638;  called  to  the  peers  as  Baron 
Compton,  1686 ;  succeeded  to  the  earldom,  1630 ;  sup- 
ported Charles  I  against  the  Scots  and  the  parliament, 
1689-4S ;  commissioned  to  raise  Warwickshire  for  the 
king,  164S ;  fought  in  several  actions,  and  was  kiUed  at 
Hopton  Heath,  1643.  [xL  449] 

OOMPTOV,  SPENCER,  Earl  op  Wilmlvoton  (1673  ?- 
1743X  third  son  of  the  third  Earl  of  Northampton  ;  M.P., 
169fr-1710  and  1718-S7,  and  speaker  of  the  house,  1716- 
1797 ;  acted  with  the  whigs ;  flattered  the  oourt ;  pay- 
master-general, 1788-30;  K3.,  1786;  created  Barou 
WUmington,  1788,  and  Earl,  1730 :  lord  privy  seal,  1730 ; 
lord  president  of  the  conncdl,  1730 ;  turned  against  Wal- 
pole,  1789 ;  first  lord  of  the  treasury,  1748  till  death. 

[xi.  460] 

OOMPTOV,  SPENCER  JOSHUA  ALWYNE,  second 
Marquis  op  Northaucpton  (1790-1851X  styled  Lonl 
Compton ;  M.A.  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  1810 ;  styled 
Earl  Compton  ;  M.P.,  1818-80 :  voted  with  the  whigs ;  in 
Italy,  1880-30 ;  succeeded  as  marquis,  1828;  president  of 
the  Royal  Society,  1838-49  ;  published  verses,    [xi.  461] 

OOMPTOK,  (dku  OABLETON,  THOMAS  (1693?- 
1666X  Jesuit ;  bom  in  (Cambridgeshire ;  joined  the  Jesuits, 
1617 :  ordained  priest  at  Douay,  1688 ;  sent  to  England, 
1686  :  professor  at  St.  Omer  and  Li^ ;  published  Latin 
solKdastic  and  theological  treatises.  [xi.  462] 

OOMPTOK,  Sir  WILLIAM  (1488  7-1688X  soldier: 
inherited  Compton,  Warwickshire,  1493 :  in  personal  at- 
tendance on  Henry  VIII,  1609-83 ;  knighted  at  Toumay, 
1618  ;  absentee  chancellor  of  IreUnd,  1618-16 :  served  in 
the  Scottish  war,  1683.  [xL  468] 

OOMPTOK,  Sir  WILLIAM  (1626-1663X  royalist: 
third  8(m  of  Spencer  Compton,  second  earl  of  Northamp- 
ton [q.  v.]  :  fought  bravely  at  taking  of  Banbury,  1648 : 
knighted,  1643 ;  royalist  governor  of  Banbury,  1648 ;  be- 
sieged, 1644 ;  surrendered,  1646  :  took  part  in  the  Kentish 
rising,  1648 ;  imprisoned,  1648, 1666,  and  1668 ;  master  of 
the  ordnance,  1660 ;  MJP.,  1661.  [xi.  463] 

OOMBZB,  ALEXANDER  (1708-1774),  writer  against 
rationalism  ;  a  Soot ;  merohaiit's  clerk  in  Holland ;  Ph.D. 
Leyden,  1784 ;  pastor  of  Woubrogge,  1781-73 ;  wrote  in 
Dutch.  [xL  464] 

OOMTK,  ALEXANDER,  second  Earl  op  BrciiAX 
d.  1889X  constable  of  Scotland ;  succeeded  to  earUom, 
L83S ;  member  of  the  king*s  council,  1244 :  justiciary  of 
Scotland,  1868;  banished  from  court,  1866;  again  in 
power,  1357 ;  head  of  Coaxyn  f amll>%  1368 ;  plundered  the 
revolted  Western  Isles,  1864 ;  inherited  great  estates  in 
Qallo\i'ay,  1864 ;  sheriff  of  Wigton,  1366 ;  constable  of 
Scotland,  1870 ;  pledged  himself  to  support  the  Maid  of 
Norway,  1888 ;  one  of  the  regents,  1286.  [xL  466] 

OOMTK,  JOHN  (d.  1818X  archbishop  of  Dublin ; 
Henry  IPs  emissary  ai^nst  Becket  to  the  emperor,  1168, 
and  the  pope,  1166  ;  excommnuioated  by  Becket;  justice 
ithtenut,  1169;  envoy  to  Spain,  1177  :  a  jusUdar,  1179; 
elected,  by  King  Hen^s  oonunand,  arohblshop  of  Dublin, 
1181;  first  visited  Irdand,  1184-6;  sided  with  Prince 
Richaid,  1188 ;  founded  St.  Patrick's,  Dablin,  1190 ;  set 


i' 


on  foot  controversy  with  see  of  AVmagh  as  to  prec 
excommunicated  the  viceroy,  1197;  imprisoned 
mandy ;  restored,  1198 ;  taken  into  fovour  by  Kin 
1199  ;  returned  to  Ireland,  1303.  [xi 

OOMTK,  JOHN(d.  1874),  jusUdar  of  Gallowa 
large  estates  in  Nithsdale  and  Tynedale  :  in  powc 
Scottish  court,  1849-66 :  recovered  power,  1267  :  a 
against  Henry  III,  1368:  took  Henry  Ill'ii  part 
t^  barons,  1868 ;  captured  at  Lewee,  1264  ;  rewa 
Henry  lU,  1266.  [xi 

OOMTK,  JOHN,  the  elder  (rf.  1300?),  clait 
Scottish  throne ;  sumamed  TuR  Black  ;  son  and 
John  Comyn  (c/.  1274)  [q.  v.] ;  inherited  Badenoc! 
assented  to  marriage  of  Princess  Marr^ret  with  E 
Norway,  1281 ;  aclmowledged  her  daughter  Margnr 
to  throne,  1284 ;  one  of  the  regents,  1286-92  ;  cUi 
i  throne,  1291 ;  supported  his  brother-in-law,  John  t 
,  (1249-1316)  [q.  v.] ;  banished  south  of  Trent  by  E< 
1296;  restored,  1297.  [xi 

OOMTK,  JOHN,  the  younger   (^.1306X   &» 
Thb  Red  ;  son  of  John  Comyn  the  elder  [q.  v.]  : 
for  his  uncle,  John  Baliol,  against  Edward  1, 12<^C 
prisoner   at   Dunbar ;    released,  1397 :    visited 
fought  at  FaUdrk,  1298 ;  elected  joint-guurdiim  • 
land  by  the  nobles,  1299 ;  expelled  Edward  Va 
1302,  and  defeated  bis  officer,  1303  :  driven  norths 
Edward  I ;  submitted,  1304  ;  pardoned,  ou  pnyuM 
fine,  1306;    murdered  at  Dumfries  by    Robert 
followers.  [xi 

OOMTK,  JOHN,  third  Kaul  op  Buchan  {d. 
constable  of  Scotland :  son  of  Alexander  Comyn 
earl  [q.  v.] ;  succeeded,  1289 :  friendly  to  Edward 
1898 ;  summoned  to  serve  in  Oascony,  1294  :  joint 
Baliol,  1896 ;  banished  south  of  Trent :  sent  to  {• 
to  suppress  Wallace's  rising,  1297  :  elected  joint-g 
of  Scotland,  1899 ;  envoy  to  request  French  int«r 
1303;  his  English  estates  forfeital,  1304,  but  f> 
stored ;  aclmowledged  Edward  I  as  king  of  & 
1306 ;  at  blood-feud  with  Bruce  for  the  mardei 
cousin,  John  Comyn  the  yoimger  [q.  v.]  ;  oppoifia 
wife  Isat)ella,  who  crovmed  Bruce  at  Scone,  13* 
feated  by  Bruce,  1307  and  1808;  his  estates  w 
Robert  Bruce,  c.  1313.  [xi 

OOMTK,  SIR  ROBERT  BUCKLEY  (179! 
judge :  educated  at  Merchant  Taylors*  School :  } 
John's  (College,  Oxford,  1816;  barrister,  Uncolr 
1814;  knighted,  1886;  justice  of  Bengal,  1825; 
justice  of  Madras,  1836-42 ;  published  legal  and  hi 
works,        ^  [xi 

COMTK,  WALTER,  R^RL  op  Mkntrith  (d 
half-brother  of  Alexander  Comyn,  second  earl  of 
[q.  v.]  :  in  attendance  on  Alexander  II,  1221-7  ;  a 
Badcnoch,  1229 ;  acquired  the  earldom  of  Ment 
marriage,  1280 :  built  castles  in  Galloway,  1236 :  a 
the  cldef  power  in  Scotland,  1249  ;  put  down  by  He 
1256  :  regained  power,  1267.  [xi 

OOMTKB,  Sir  JOHN  {d.  1740X  judge :  barrist 
coin's  Inn,  1690  ;  M.P.,  Maldon,  1701-26 ;  Serjeant 
1706 :  baron  of  the  exchequer,  1726  :  jnsUoe  of  c 

Eleas,  1736 ;  chief  baron  of  exchetiner.  1788 :   u 
kw-Prench  *  Reports'  and  a  *  Digest  of  Englisl 
sUice  translated.  [xi 

OOKJBXrS  (rf.  1640).    [See  Conn,  Oborok.] 

OOKAKT,  JOHN  (1608-1694X  theologian: 
Exeter  College,  Oxford,  1627;  fellow,  1633-47: 
1684  ;  D.D.,  1664  ;  withdrew  from  Oxford,  1642  ;  pi 
in  Somerset  and  London:  chaplain  to  George, 
Chandoe,  at  Uxbridge ;  rector  of  Exeter  College,  1< 
reglus  professor  of  divinity,  1664-60:  vice-cha 
1667-60;  ejected  from  his  headship  for  nouconf 
1668 ;  ordained  priest,  1870 :  vicar  of  All  Saints, 
ampton,  1671 ;  archdeacon  of  Norwich,  1676 :  prel 
of  Worcester,  1681 ;  became  blind :  published  semi 

OOKAKT,  JOHN  (1664?-1723X  biographer'^:" 
John  Conant  [q.  v.] ;  fellow  of  Merton  Colle^re,  < 
1676-87 :  D.C.L.,  1683 :  practised  at  Doctors'  Con 
wrote  a  Uf e  of  his  father  (published,  1 823).        [  x  i. 

OOKOAKEK,  MATTHEW  (1701-1749%  anthoi 
in  Ireland ;  brought  out  a  comedy  and  poems,  1 


OONOHS8 


269 


OONINGTON 


^Kft-vriter  and  govcmincnt  Joiinui]f>t  in  Londan ;  be* 
iHended  bj  WiUiam  Warbarton,  172<;  wrote  against 
Htt^  17S8,  and  was  aocordiiigly  plaoed  in  the  *  Donciad/ 
I^:  attcnwy-genena  of  Jamaica,  178S-48L     [xi.  467] 


WILLIAM  DS  (d.  1164).    [See  WILLIAM.] 

OOmi,  JOHN  (;f.  1786-1800),  engraTer ;  of  French 
**^tTrn«Htj ;  engraved  portiaito  of  oetebritiea.  [xl  468] 


HENRT,  or  Ouicdkll  (d.  1697),  actor : 
partner  in  the  Globe  and  Blackfriars  theatres ;  acted 
leaifiog  parts  in  plays  by  Shakespeare,  Jcmaon,  Beaumont 
wnd  FlefedMr.  Wetwter,  and  Marston,  1598-1688 ;  member 
of  tbe  kvd  duunberlain's  company,  and,  1608-85,  of  the 
king's  CBipany  of  players ;  reodred  a  mourning  ring  by 
win  froB  Shakespeare,  1616 ;  with  John  Heming  [q.  t.], 
edftad  the  first  folio  of  Shakeq>eare*s  plays,  1628. 

[zi.468] 
OOKIIZLIh  henry  (1767-1884),  oompoeer ;  violinist 
in  LoDdoB   orebestras:   compoaed  stage-music,  1808-8, 
also  ***«*—.  aoDga,  and  doets.  [zi.  469] 


OOmER,  JAMES  (176S-18S8X  numismatist :  youngest 
MB  of  John  Conder  [q.  t.]  :  published  a  catalogue  of 
iBoten*ProTincialOcrtns,Tokai8,*Ac.,17M.      [xii.  1] 

OOnSR.  JOHN  (1714-1781),  congregational  minis- 
ter; edocated  in  London ;  pastor  at  Ounbridge,  1739-64 ; 
D JX :  theologloal  tutor  in  a  London  dissmting  academy, 
17M-81 :  prmOia  in  London.  [xiL  1] 


JOBLUa  (1789-1866X  bookseUer  and 
uthor;  aoo  of  a  London  booksdler:  assistant  in  his 
faHxt^  ebop,  1808 ;  wrote  verses  for  periodicals,  1806 ; 
boteDer  in  London,  1811-19;  edited  the  *  Eclectic  Be- 
Tiev;  1814-37,  the  *  Patriot,*  1888-66,  nonconformist 
poiodieals;  bcooght  out  the  *  Modem  TraTdler,'  thirty 
loiOBes  of  travels,  1886-9 ;  published  also  verses,  essays, 
tsd  raiigloas  tn^ta.  [ziL  8] 

OOXDLAXD  OF  KiLDARB,  latinised  (X>nijakdb 
(<.  laoX  bishop  and  saint:  commemorated  on  8  May ;  a 
Rktfve  of  St.  Brigit  [q.  v.] ;  spiritual  director  of  Brigit*8 
ooDTcnt  aft  Kildare ;  devoured  by  wolves  in  co.  WioUow. 

[xlL  8] 

UUflJ>UiTT,  JOHN  (1688-1787),  master  of  the  mint ; 
atVestmiBster  School,  1701,  and  Trinity  College,  0am- 
bridge,  1706:  traveled:  }ndge-advocate  in  Portugal, 
1711 :  captain  of  drsgooos :  M.P.,  1716-87 ;  married  Sir 
btte  Newtoo*s  nieoe,  1717 :  master  of  the  mint,  1787 ; 
vnle  CO  the  coinage,  1780 ;  collected  materials  for  a 
Bfe  of  Newton.  [xU.  4] 

OOSBT  or  GUHDT,  NI0H0IA8  (1793  7-1867),  land- 
Kipe  painter  in  water-cokmrs ;  ensign,  1811 ;  served  in 
Uk  Posdnsala ;  lieutenant,  1818 ;  resided  at  Plymouth ; 
obibited  in  Ixndon,  1880-46 ;  joint-author  of  a  book  de- 
Bcnting  (3otiAide,  on  the  Tamar.  [xiL  6] 

OOrar,  NIOHOLAS  MATTHEWS  (1818-1861).  art- 
tmdkcr  aft  Plymouth  ;  son  of  Nicholas  Gondy  or  Gundy 
[4.  v.] ;  exhibited  soH-pieoes  in  London,  1843-6.  [ziL  6] 


JOHN  (1786-1838X  draughtsman  and  en- 
fnver ;  czhiMted  architectural  drawings,  1806-21 ;  pnb- 
Hfriied  engravings  of  Warwick  Oastte,  1816,  London 
dntrdMS,  1890.  EngUih  eccledasttcal  antiquities,  1843,  and 
eoDttneota]  buildings,  1838 ;  other  volnmeB  appeared  poe- 
thomoatty,  18«2-3.  [xii.  5] 

COVOALLITB  I.  in  Oadtc  GONALL,  third  reputed 
king  of  the  Soots  of  Dalriada  (511-636  ?),  son  of  Doman- 
ptit,  SOD  of  Vergoa  Mor  Bifac  Aire.  [xii.  6] 

OOVGAIXUS  n.  in  GaeUc  GONALL,  sixth  reputed 
king  of  the  Soota  at  Dalriada  (667-674),  son  of  Gong- 
afins  I :  gave  lona  to  St.  Columba ;  fought  against  the 
PietB,  674.  [xlL  6] 

OdVOALLITB  in,  in  Gadic  GONALL  CRANDONNA 
(4. 6i0x  king  or  joint-king  of  the  Soots  of  Dalriada  (642- 
660).  ton  of  Eocba  Buidhe;  perhaps  subdued  by  the 
Britons.  [xii.  6] 

OOV0I1ETOM.    Baroxs.     [See    Parnell,    Hkkrt 
Bboock,  first  Bason,  1776-1842 ;  Pabvbll,  John  Yksat, 
Babos,  1806-1883.] 

C,  RIOHARD  (1818-1899),  positivist ;  edu- 
cated aft  Bngby  and  Wadham  (College,  Oxford ;  M JL.,  1848  ; 
fdJow  and  tator;    met   Barthdenty    St-Hilaire   and 


Augttste  (}omte  in  Paris  and  adopted  positivitm ;  founded 
poBitivist  community  in  London,  1855  ;  studied  medicine ; 
M.R.OJ*.,  1866:  took  part  in  founding  propaganda  in 
Ohapel  Street,  Lamb's  Oondult  Street,  London  ;  published 
political,  historical,  religious,  and  other  writings. 

[Suppl.  iL  61] 

OONOREVB,  WILLIAM  (1670-1729),  dnunatist; 
taken  as  a  boy  to  Ireland ;  educated  at  Kilkenny  and  (1685) 
Trini^'  GoUege,  Dublin,  being  schoolfellow  and  fellow- 
student  of  Svrift ;  entered  tbe  Middle  Temple ;  published, 
as  Gleophll,  *  Incognita,'  a  feeble  novel ;  contributed  to 
Dryden's  metrical  versions  of '  Juvenal,'  1692,  and  *  Virgil,' 
1697;  brought  out  his^  comedies,  the  'Old  Bachdor,' 
1698,  tbe  '  Double  Dealer,'  1693. '  Love  for  Love,'  1696,  and 
the  *  Way  of  the  World,'  1700,  and  his  tragedy,  the 
'  Mourning  Bride,'  1697  ;  replied  to  Jeremy  Gollier's  [q.  v.] 
•  Short  View,'  1697 ;  published  bis  collected  works,  1710 ; 
well  provided  for  by  a  oommissionersbip  of  hackney 
coaches,  1695-1707,  of  wine  licences,  1706-14,  the  secre- 
taryship of  Jamaica,  1714,  and  other  offices ;  affected  to 
be  a  man  of  fashion:  flattered  by  Alexander  Pope; 
visited  by  Voltaire :  favoured  by  the  second  Duchess  of 
Marlborough ;  buried  in  Westminster  Abbey,      [xii.  6] 

OOKOREVB,  Sir  WILLIAM  (i772-1888X  inventor 
(1808)  of  the  Gongreve  rocket ;  eldest  son  of  tbe  comp- 
troller of  the  Royal  Laboratory,  Woolwich :  officer  of  the 
royal  artillery,  1791 :  attached  to  the  Royal  Laboratory, 
1791,  and  was  comptroller,  1814-28 ;  directed  to  form  two 
rocket  companies,  1809 ;  M.P.,  1812-28 ;  served  with  a 
rocket  company  at  Leipzig,  1813,  and  in  South  France, 
1814 ;  succeeded  as  second  baronet,  1814 ;  wrote  on 
currency  and  his  own  iuTentions.  [xiL  9] 

COKINOHAM,  JAMBS  (1670-1716X  piesbyterian ; 
MA.  Edinburgh,  1694;  presbyterian  minister  at  Pen- 
rith, 1694,  Manchester,  1700,  and  London,  1712 ;  tutor  of 
the  Manchester  dissenting  academy,  1706-12.       [xiL  9] 

COKINOBBUBOH,  EDMUND  i^.  U79\  archbishop 
of  Armagh;  LL.D.  Cambridge;  resided  in  Oambridge, 
1466-72;  non-resident  rector  of  St.  Leonard,  Foster 
Lane,  London,  1448,  vicar  of  South  Weald,  1460,  rector  of 
Gopford,  Essex,  1451,  and  rector  of  St.  James's,  (>olchester, 
1470 :  envoy  to  the  pope,  1471 ;  made  archbishop  of 
Armagh,  1477 ;  resigned  in  deference  to  the  pcqie,  1479. 

[xiL  10] 

OOKINOSBT,  SiK  HARRY  (Jl.  1664).  transUtor; 
knighted,  1660 ;  printed  a  metrical  paraphrase  of 
*Boethius  de  Gonsolatlone '  and  a  memoir  of  his  father, 
Thomas  Goningsby.  [xlL  10] 

00KINO8BT,  Sir  HUMPHREY  (A  148a-1627X 
serjeant-at-law,  1495 ;  justice  of  the  king'iT  bench  and 
knighted,  1609.  [xiL  13] 

C0KINO8BT,  Sir  THOMAS  (d.  1625%  soldier;  of 
Herefordshire ;  visited  Italy,  1578 :  served  in  Normandy, 
1591 :  knighted,  1591 ;  M.P.,  Hereford,  1598  and  1601 ; 
founded  hospital  at  Hereford,  1614 ;  wrote  an  account  of 
his  French  campaign  (printed  1847).  [xiL  11] 

OOHIV OBBT,  THOMAS,  Earl  GoNrsaeBT  (1656  ?- 
1729X  M.P.,  Leominster,  1679-1710,  and  1715 ;  a  strong 
whig ;  wounded  at  the  Boyne,  1690 ;  one  of  the  lords- 
justices  of  Ireland,  1690-2 ;  vice-treasurer  of  Ireland, 
1693-4  and  1698-1702 ;  suspected  of  peculation ;  created 
Baron  Goningsby  of  (^lanbrassil  in  Ireland,  1692  ;  granted 
crown  lands  in  England,  1697 ;  a  conunisiBioner  to  inves- 
tigate the  intrigues  ending  in  the  peace  of  Utrecht,  and 
to  impeach  Harley,  1716;  baron  in  the  English  peerage, 
1716 ;  created  earl,  1719  :  involved  in  lawsuits  as  to  bis 
title  to  the  manors  of  Leominster  and  Marden,  Hereford- 
shire. [xU.  11] 

OOHUfOSBT,  Sir  WILLIAM  (d.  1640 ?X  judge: 
second  son  of  Sir  Humphrey  Goningsby  [q.  v.]  ;  educated 
at  Eton ;  fellow  of  Trinity  GoUege,  Gambridge ;  of  the 
Inner  Temple ;  justice  of  the  king's  bench,  and  knighted, 
1640.  [xii.  18] 

OOHUfOTOV,  FRANGI8  THIRKILL  (1826-1863), 
chemist;  fellow  of  Gorpus  Gbristi  College,  Oxford,  1849- 
1863;  M.A.>  1853:  publishM  a  'Handbook  of  Chemical 
Analysis,'  1858.  [xii.  13] 

COKINOTOH,  JOHN  (1825-1869),  clanical  scholar; 
educated  at  Rugby ;  demy  of  Magdalen  College,  Oxford, 
1848 :  schoUr,  1846,  and  fellow,  1848-65,  of  University 


OOI7STABI.E 


nnin  BiTTifs  (d.  1(7),  iu  Irisli 


L   IralaDd  to  Jdogh 


Niitdit.  of  Uw  BberMoi : 

Mogfa  Nowliit  at  Kilbnds.  King's  Oount^ ;  > 

king  of  nil  IrtlKnd ;  ilalu  u,  Tura. 


OOKlt   (OOK^DS),    OBORGB   ( 


LBUn.  truU  on  'tic^ttlib  aSiiira  uid,  1S34,  k  Ufe  of  Muj 
QumioISoaU.  {ill.tU] 

OOmrSLL,  Sin  JOHN  (1;m?-18S1),  lawyers  adni- 
iiite,i;W;  ilmia-depulBDf  BEBfrawnhirtiew:  Uw  nd- 
Tlaar  ot  tlis  cburi?)!  of  Scotland.  IBM :  jidgo  of  tlie  S«>U 
admiralty  court  :il6-30 ;  ImlglilBi,  ISM ;  wnita  cm  Boot- 

OomtKLLUI,  OWEN  OKOO-lactl,  Irlih  KrhoUr; 
tmucrlbed  maiiueqrlplB  for  the  Boj«l  Irlib  Acadeuiy : 
Iriflta  hfBtorlograplicr  ruynl.  lAi^3-37;  proteanr  of  Irlnb  at 


OONITELLUI, 

lingiilit4a  worka,  itiii  :fri.  lui-  h] 

oomrox  or  o'oobkos,  bbrsaiiii  (iwo  j-icosi, 

antbor:  bom  In  Kerry;   tCudled  medicine  tn  FnmH: 
MJ).  Rbelma,  lESI ;  pbyddaa  to  King  John  Soblakl : 


oomroB,  nRORGB  henby  {isn-ii 

H^  Trinity  Ck>ll<ve.  Dublin,  lUl;  rlcur 
[slB  of  Wight,  leil-Sa ;  dean  of  Wlndm,  1B8 


[lU.  aa] 


OONITT,  ROBERT  (1B1S7-1TU),  phyjiouin ;  B,i 
Migdaloi  OoUtge.  Oilord.  167s:  H.D.,  lESl;  naial  ph' 
doUm  at  Dnl,  IE9J  :  pmctlaed  nt  Rocbeaur.      [ill.  14] 

OOTTOLLT,  A 
cM<d   at   Rugby 

tloD  d'talaoTCtland  |auiiiey(lJK-31)Ki'lad<ik';  oOclal  b 
RiIjpiKitua,1BM-S;  Crt'eltDd  tbrough  Tark^  In  Eumns 
■nd  A^a  to  Indu.  1839:  nnt  u>  Oabnl.  ISVI.  In  Mcrr. 
KblTa,  and  Boktmrn :  iinprlaoaed  at  Bokhaia.  IHl :  mar- 
dend  In  pd<on :   mntribntcd  lo  tbc   Aalatlc   Society'! 

[.U.Si] 

D_B\RRT  (I«lg-IB40),  «ptala 
u  tbo  AalaUc  Society'! 


OOSOIXT, 


MXOUT,  HB^'RY  TiLBNTINE  (1BUS-Igt6). 
Indian  olTlllan ;  brotber  d(  Mtbur  Conony  [q.  i.] :  oda- 
oaled  at  Bogb)! :  cim  wrranl  at  Madras,  ISM-M ;  mor- 


J,  18  W -7 


aoity 


UulrmitT  CM' 
realdental  Warwick,  1830-8.  vUilliK 
laas-^l,  and  Tilting.  1M4-B1,  pliyii- 
(tilun,  lutroducLnp  tbe  humane  tnal^ 
hon.  p.O  J..  OtIi 


:  pubUtttfd 


[111 


OOXOLLY,  TBOMAfl  (t719-l»l3),  Irlib  p 
[.P.  ror  UDlmesbuiT,  17H.Bnd  for  dhicheito, 
E,P,  for  Lqadondeny  in  the  Irish  parliament,  1' 
eld  Tarioui  officn  in  lrT^laDd ;  adroaats]  Che  an 

OOKOLLT,  wn.LIAU(d.  17»).  Iri>h  poll 

7U-»;    frequently  a  lord  iuitlce  ot  In-land, 

COMaiTESI,  JOHN  TRIDKBR  {17N-1SH),  m- 
cMtibcur:  M.a  Bdinburgb,  IBU;  LAaP,  IS19:  imb- 
ibed intigul  Beam  madical  treatisei.  [lii.  N] 

OONXT,  FLORBHCB.  In  Irlib  Puthbi  tyiMosr 
HOSAiRE  (Itel-ISM),  trisb  Koman  cotbollc  prelate; 
j..^i._a  J-  i»_^i_  _^.i  ,1.^  o — i_L  Netberiand* :   Qit- 


olfriaratSalanunct 


n  IaILd.  publiabed 


UsdrU: 
.>-H,ud 

[iU.li] 


COKBT,   FRA.NCH  (17S1-1B38).  lawyn-;   b 

Middle  Temple,  1783:  cbalrman  of  Uio  WtnmluM 
»a*ons.  [»ii.  Ill 

OOVBTASLB.  AROHIBALD (lT71-lSi7X  pabliabfr: 
bookBcUer'a  apprentice  m  KdmbLtrgb,  178B:  boolwUer  la 
BdlnbiirKb,  17011 :  began  10  pnUlBb  twnpblata  and  tar- 
monj,  17IIB;  oommeucod  the  ^Farmeri  "■gqt****^'  IBOC: 
praprletOT  of  tbe  '  Smta  MagidMi,'  IBOl ;  itarted  tha 
■Bdlnburih!le«lBW.'  IBIJt  ;  pait-pubUibo'  ctf  BlrWaBtf 
BoQtt't  -luinitnliy,'  IWl,  'Laj  of  Uw  Lail  Nlnatrd,' 
IMS,  aud '  Hannton,- 1807  ;  requotad  aoHX  to  edit  Birifli 
1808 ;  paitDBT  <o  a  London  pobliihile  dim,  IBOft-ll : 
adqalred  oopyr^tab  ot  'BnaymopBdU  BritAB^a^'  10UL 
and  brooght  oat  npptenwntary  'DlMailalium';  adv^Bd 
Seott  W  pDbllih  ■  Wamlay.'  IBM:  diavtad  bj  SboM, 
Uirongb  tlKiluMH-lnansmot  JamtaBanantyne  tq.T.]: 
banknipt  tlinnigh  tba  falbmoT  bit  Tjondaa  •gau,  ISM; 
began  >  Oonrtable'g  UiKellaoy,'  ie!7.  [ili.  H] 

OOnsiABLE.  CUTBBBRT  (d.  17M).  aDliqnaiy: 
known  u  Outlibert  Tmnlall,  edacalol  atDooay,  1700; 
U.D.  UonlpeHliir :  took  the  name  OonstabLe.  I71B,  on  In- 
hcritbiK  a  Yoikabirc  eetalc :  a  Roman  naUnllo :  «l)Kl<d 
manqscripB.  [xlL  M) 

OOXBTASLB.  HBNRY  (It^I-l^iaX  [<oet:  B.A.  SIl 
John's  College  Cambrldm!.  1180 ;  embraced  Ttoman  isltnk 
hcigm :  withdrew  to  Parlfl :  In  FriOkUy  ^^rrvipondeDca 
with  the  Bnglitb  anthoriUs,  1^84-11 :  pabllehed  '  Diana; 
a  rolDmB  of  vooneta.  IBM,  wtilqb  ht  qdarged.  lS»i; 
failed  to  oblain  hia  recall  to  England.  15Bb :  papal  onvor 
■-  "■••-burgh,    ""»• ' ■  ■•-  ■>■-  " 


reloua 

London,  1601 
cclleotjoni,  Itl 

"iSSiSS 

n  the  Towi 
by  him  em 
.™k.^ 

Sii 

OOITBTABLX,    HENRY.    Tmcn[7>rr 
IflOB;  knighted.  lOH  ;   a  Roman  catholic 

rUhin^ 
tedVh; 

iLM] 

JOHN    (A    UIW).    epigruamatlji  : 

St.  Panl'c  Eohonl :  M^  Oilwd,  l»t»  :  p>it>- 
Uebed  Latin  '  Bi^grsminsta.'  1(30.  [lU.  U] 

OOVSTABLS.  JOHH  (1«7S?.ITM).  t«nlt :  edaOLtcd 
atSLOmet,  la  'John  Laoey':  iolned  the  jeaalta,  IBM: 
cbaphiln  to  the  FltiherbiTt*  of  Swinnerlon,  SlalTorlihtr* ; 
vrotc,  lmia«nUyiui  '  Olerophllus  AletbeL'  aminR  AniHi- 
can  orders,  Chatica  Dodd's  [q.  ».]  '  Ohurch  Hittory.'  aud 
is  n^y  to  other  conlrannlallats.  [ilLJSl 


^" 


JOHN  (im-Xtn\  DuidKups-n^Bl 
(nt'lmpi^iiD  Utbc  rmch  gdco,  1^ 


,  am  liURVADUKE  > 
iMid0w  and  ■aUkr.  o<  FUutarooflh.  Yorbiiiic : 
«rallaFnu^l4Tluvll4n:  knlglitad;  kttoI  stUic 
•icnci  fivwidi,  IMt ;  Hnwd  el  TnUnry,  BtaBDtd^LrT. 
I«ai :  *KiS  d  Btatfortililn.  11M-T,  and  of  YorbtiiTE, 
IMI4  iBd  liOt-M ;  iabBilKA  FUmbonwh.  MM  ;  it- 
■■^•i  lo  tb*  BOHUl  HTla  ot  HsiiT  Vn :  nmmla- 
■ioaB  la  BBoltBrt.  lUt-lOi  onnDiuidd  kft  wIok  M 
VVk^b.  UU.  bteluibllH  mn  lounded  In  bin  deioi- 
■t  EtMbBTiOoU^^ChmMdcclUt.  (lU.U] 

Sin  XARXADITKE  (I4M?-1Mt). 
a(  Sir  HunBdnkc  Contable  tI4M?-l(IHI 
ni«»t  noddni.  IBU;  .berllT 
I ;  in  pflnnul  iCUndADn  on 
rf  in  e«ilUod,  liM-S;  M.P.. 
TorkHdrcim:  <beriD  ol  Yortshin,  IMM  :  mnDberaf 
tbi  rmaiaa  ol  the  nortb.  lUT-M :  obtaiDcd  ■  ^imnt  ot 
Uru  IfkKj.  Torkitim,  lUS.  [ill.  M] 

OmTABLS,  ant  ROBBHT  (li7Hr-ll»7L  Hmuui 
aiUk  iaiuiiBit :  tUat  tea  vt  mr  ibnnrulnte  Oon- 

OlMniuMtlB)  [q.*.];knlgbt(dali  " 

■nlia  ■MliMl  Uh  ainilita  InaugHiU,  14 
Hi  ni«iTiiii|i  at  Ones,  lUC.  idling 
MaftD  «QM  -  ■  -' ' '- 


Ij-,0 


X  in  iRduid,  IIM  i  kutfht'  -  ""— - 
'    n  Is  ^■ei'f  nrdt,  ioui ;  msmi 

, ,.eM.le«.uidlMI;  ntnml  lopftr 

•dlMD.1**^:  •dF|Flun1ior«iKb.Tarkibtn.lB3S: 
ntlor  the  wUaiMiiti  lonRbli  nt  EdireblLI, 


W>  rtijlil  lo  korthmnbrl*  chillrPEnl 

t    TtlirtrtMi  at  Waia,  t.»Mi  put  oI  bli  domlnleiu 


OONYBEABE 

m«Bl  bT  ^theliUo,  «n-4.  hii  ccxmwrlnTuloa  n- 
n^Hil  iL  Bmnaobiirli.  Voclnbln.  937 :  nalgiud  hla  cmwii, 
t>  :  bswne  ■  OuUn  mniik  it  SL  AndnwL      [all.  IT} 

ooirsTAiiTiifs  m  (d.  *iiT),  kiiifDt  sroUiixi.  m-r : 

jDof  ClDUii.hlipnideaaBr;  murdend.  [ilL  W] 

ooRSTAxmn  kad  nsovs  (j.  no\  ttof  ot 

»  Pieu.xn-K;  loondBJ  t  nwnutls  chnr'-h  at  I>ui>' 
dd  ;  powlbiT  ruled  >!»  arer  Itie  En>u  nl  DllrUda  i 
UUMI  bj  th«  NoraHuen  (lou  being  nngnl.  NU6). 

OOXBTASTINI.  GEOROB  (ltUI7-lMB),  pra(i»- 
uit  rpfomjcr  ;  br«l  k  lurfreon  ;  biKhvlor  of  «]hhi 
iV.  CAinbridgf%  1A31  ;  vdoplcil  protAtahtlani  ;  wmtQ  In 
minncUon  wllhWUlimo  Tjtnda)  it  Antwerp;  nrmon 


rctornol  Id  Aotverp, 


rotiitnr  «( 

J«ni.~"-— 

•nble  Enbta  [or  tha  altu.  II 


«:iiHr  ol  Blibop  Hobst  Pan 
COWAT.  A»NE,  V 


OOHWAT,  BDWAKD.   t 

Tvioe  In  Uie  OuUb  upedlUon,'!! 

[.P.,  lAOA  uid  1Aa4 ;  Hcretorj  or  mie,  MO-K :  totd 

rwlilBit  at  the  DfWDtil  :  adtdj  to  Pngac^  lASS-t  ; 
i :  cnat«d  Baron  Qm- 
.  InlBDil,  t«3«,  and  Tli- 

innc  imtwtj,  ion.  [lU.  (0] 

OOffWAT,     FRAKOia     SRYHOHR,    Mamjiib    or 


OOHWAT.  HBNRY    SEYMOUR  {17!I-17(»X 
--'-'  ;  n*nhow  of  Bir  Robert  WalpolB;  kIthi  - 


a  boy  ;  U  J-.  AnEilni.  I 


!!>-  baCU«  ol  IMUi 


ol  IMUnnn,  ITU. 
LanffM.  1T4T :  tsai 


parlla- 
In  Um 

J.lTtt. 


oppHlDg   OeoTdfl    FE I 
EUry   of    stalfc  U6(-R 

MBlopany  nsidol.  IJTS-f 


7M-»  :  lieuteonnt'ffHK 


oblcf,  Irsa-S  :  Hiad  Fm  In  i 
drew  trtHD  poUtica,  17B4 ;  dabl 
wrlUng  ;  B^-manhal.  ITH. 


OOirWAT.  ROGRR 


kniicbtiil.    II 
tB8;pBblUbed 

r  (d.  iseo).  F 


tfraoe  at  Uw  mmdloinl  erdsn  igalnit  RIcbud  FitiRslph, 
rebbUhop  of  Armagb.  t  1M7.                            [ilL  M] 
OOTWAT,     WILLIAM     AUGrSTPS    {ITW-IMS), 
BRnoaianprar  ■       -    --  ■ ■"" 


IBtO.aod  IfDndoii,  Ual  :aIUclial  by  Theodi 
■eud  in  America.  lK4-«;  Dommllls' 
ODITT,    WILLIAM   (•!.   I'OTX 


I8IS-IB.  Batb,  II 


OONYBEARE 


272 


COOK 


1780 :  rector  of  Exeter  College,  1730-33 ;  dean  of  Christ 
Church,  Oxford,  1733-66 :  bi«bop  of  BriatoU  1750 :  pab- 
liahed  sermoius  and  *  Defence  of  Revealed  Beligion,'  178S, 
against  Matthew  TiudaL  [xii.  60] 

OOVTBBABS,  JOHN  JOSIAS  (1779-18S4X  geologist : 
■tadent  of  Chrlut  Church,  Oxford,  1800>13  ;  M.A^  1804  ; 
Ticar  of  Batbeaston,  Somerset ;  professor  of  Anglo-Saxon 
at  Oxford,  1807-lS,  and  of  poetry,  181S-21:  pabUshed 
tracts,  geological,  1817-24,  chemical,  183S-3,  and  theolo- 
gical, 18S4 :  translations  from  Anglo-Saxon  by  him  pub- 
lished, 1826.  [xii.  61] 

OOVTBBABS,  WILLIAM  DANIEL  (1787-1867X  geo- 
legist;  educated  at  Westminster  and  ChrL^t  Church, 
Oxford  :  M.A^  1811 :  rioar  of  Axminster,  Devonshire, 
1836-44 :  dean  of  UandafE,  1846-57 ;  published  geological 
papers  ;  first  to  deaorlbe  the  ichthyosaurus.       [xii.  61] 

OOVTBBABS,  WILLIAM  JOHN  (1816-1857), 
dirine  ;  ddest  son  of  William  Daniel  Conybcare  [q.  r.]  ; 
educated  at  Westminster ;  fellow  of  Trinity  CoUegie, 
Cambridge  ;  B.A.,  1837  :  principal  of  Liverpool  Collegiate 
Institution,  1842-8 ;  rioar  of  Axminster,  Devonshire, 
1848-64  ;  published  enays  and  a  novel,  1866  :  joint-author 
(with  J.  S.  HowBon)  of '  Life  of  St.  Paul,*  1851.  [xiL  62] 

00VTXR8,  Sir  JOHN    {fi.  1469).    [See  Robin  of 

BXDKSDALB.] 

OOITTHOEAX,  HENRT,  first  Marquih  Contnoham 
(1766-1832X  succeeded  as  third  baron,  1787  :  created  vis- 
count, 1789,  earl,  1797,  and  marquis,  1816,  in  the  Irish 
peerage ;  representative  Irish  peer,  1801 :  created  Baron 
Minster,  In  the  British  peerage,  1821 :  loid  stevrard  of  the 
household,  1821-30;  his  vrife  possessed  great  influence 
ovor  George  lY.  [xii.  63] 

OOVnrOTOir,  RICHARD  (<I.  I33OX  Franciscan: 
DD.  Oxford ;  lectured  at  Oxford  and  Cambridge :  pro- 
vincial of  the  English  Franciscans,  1310  ;  wrote  on 
scholastic  philosophy  and  theology.  [xU.  63] 

GOODS,  Sir  JOHN  (1816-1892X  civil  engineer; 
articled  to  James  Meadows  Rendel  [q.  v.]  of  Plymouth  ; 
practised  as  consulting  engineer  in  Westminster,  1844-7  ; 
resident  engineer  in  charge  of  works  at  PorUand  har- 
bour, 1847,  and  englneer-in-chief,  1856-72 ;  knighted, 
1872 ;  K.C.M.O.,  1886  ;  M.LC.E.,  1849 ;  president,  1889-91 ; 
associated  wi^  several  Important  harbour  works  in 
various  parts  of  the  world,  including  (1874-86)  those  at 
Colombo,  CJeylon ;  author  of  professional  reports  and  papers. 

[SnppLli.52] 

OOOK.    [See  also  Cokr  and  CkK)KB.] 

OOOK,  EDWARD  DUTTON  (1829-1883),  dramatic 
oritlc ;  son  of  a  London  solicitor ;  educated  at  King's 
CoUege  School,  London  ;  brought  out  a  mdodrama,  1869 : 
dramatic  critic  of  London  journals,  1867-83  ;  published 
novds,  1861-77,  and  essays  on  the  stage.  [xii.  64] 

OOOK,  ELIZA  (1818-1889X  poet ;  began  to  write  at 
early  age  and  published  *  Lays  of  a  Wild  Harp,*  1835 ; 
contributed  to  *  Weekly  Dispatoh,*  In  which  appeared 
the  *  Old  Arm  (Thalr,*  the  most  popaUr  of  her  poems,  1837, 
and  to  other  periodicals ;  conducted  Eliza  Cook's  Journal,* 
1849-64.  Her  complete  oolleeted  poems  were  4)ublldied, 
1870.  [SuppL  U.  63] 

OOOK,  FREDERIC  CHARLES  (1810-1889),  editor 
of  the  *  Speaker's  (X>mmentary  * ;  M.A.  St.  John's  College, 
(Cambridge,  1844 ;  chaplain  In  ordinary  to  the  queen, 
1867;  preacher  at  linccto's  Inn,  1860-SO:  canon- 
reridentiary  at  Exeter,1864 ;  chaplain  to  bishop  of  London, 
1869;  precentor  of  Exeter  CJathedral,  1872:  appointed, 
1864,  editor  of  the  'Speaker's  Commentary*  (published 
1871-81,  10  vols.X  a  critical  commentary  on  the  bible 
occasioned  by  the  appearance  of  '  Essays  and  Reviews.* 

[Suppl.  IL  54] 

OOOK,  QEOROE  (177S-1845),  Scottish  church  leader ; 
son  of  a  St.  Andrews  professor ;  educated  at  St.  Andrews ; 
MA.,  1790 :  DJ).,  1808 ;  minister  of  Laurencekirk,  Kin- 
cardineshire, 1796-1829;  professor  of  moral  philosophy, 
St.  Andrews,  1899-46 ;  moderator  of  the  church,  1825 ; 
a  leader  of  the  'moderate'  party  in  the  patronage  ques- 
tion, 1833-48 ;  published  histories  of  the  '  Reformation  In 
Scotland,*  1811,and  of  the  'Church  of  Scotland,'  1815,  and 
other  works,  biographical  and  theological.  [xlL  65] 

OOOK,  HENRY  (1642-1700),  painter:  studied  art  In 
Italy ;  employed  In  Aighuidas  a  decorative  artist :  fled  to 
Italy  to  escape  jostioe;  returned;  repaired  Raphael's 
cartoons ;  painted  altar-pieoes  and  portraits,     [xii.  66] 


OOOK,  JAMES  (d.  1611X  divine;  ednoatad  at  Win- 
chester; perpetual  fellow  of  New  OoUege,  Ozlocd,lMS: 
D.C.L.,  1608;  rector  of  Hooghtoo,  Hampahiri,  ItOt; 
published  a  controversial  tract.  [xlL  66] 

OOOK,    JAMES    (1728-in9X    dreomnaTigator ;  % 
labourer's  son ;  seaman  In  the  Baltic  trade :  oommon  eeamaa 
In  the  navy,  1756  ;  master,  1769 ;  surveyed  the  8t»  Lawrenoi^ 
1759 ;  employed  on  the  North  Amerioan  station,  176t-<7; 
published  his   'SalUng   Directions,*  1766-8;   lIcateBUk. 
1768 :  sailed,  1768,  in  the  Endeavour,  for  Tahiti,  nmnd 
CJape  Horn;  observed  the  transit  (rf  Venoa,  S   June; 
charted  the  coasts  of  New  Zealand,  the  east  coaat  e( 
Australia,  and  part  of  New  Ouinea,  1769-70 ;  returned  hif 
the  Cape  of  QooA  Hope,  reaching  the  Downs,  1771 ;  com- 
mander, 1771 :  sailed  In  the  Resolntlon  to  disprove  the 
existence  of  an  Antarctic  continent,  177S ;  roooded  ttie 
Cape  of  QooA  Hope,  2S  Nov.  1772;  visited  many 
islands  ;  skirted  the  Antarctic  Icefidds,  177Y-6 ; 
Plymouth,  1775,  having,  by  new  hygicaiic  rolei, 
scurvy  and    fever:  captaLo,    1775;   attempted    to  all 
round  North  America  from  the  PiMsific,  1776 ;  paaied  tti 
Cape  of  Qood  Hope,  and  (1778)  discovered  the  Sandwkh 
islands;  charted  the  Pacific  coast  of  North   ^***— *««t 
1778 ;  touched  at  Hawaii,  1779 ;  driven  off  by  etavm,  uH 
on  putting  back  to  refit  was  murdered  by  natiw. 

[211.86] 

OOOK,  JOHN  {d.  1660X  regicide ;  travdled  :  barrlila; 
Gray's  Inn ;  appointed  by  parliament  to  oondoot  tks 
prosecution  of  Charles  I ;  master  of  SL  Oross,  Winebwliff, 
1649 :  justice  In  Munster,  1649 ;  granted  Irish  lands,  1611; 
justice  of  the  upper  bench,  Irriand,  16M ;  in  *'*g*— ^i 
1657-9:  arrested  In  Irdand,  1660;  exeooted  In  Loodoo; 
published  (mlitical  and  legal  pamphleta.  [zIL  70] 

OOOK,  JOHN  (17n-1824X  profenor  of  Hebrew :  MX 
St  Andrews,  1788 ;  minister  of  Kilmany,  nfediirt,  17W- 
1802;  D.D. :  professor  of  Hebrew,  St.  Ajndrews,  180f-M; 
moderator  of  the  church,  1816.  [xlL  71] 


OOOK,  JOHN  (1806-1869X  professor  of 
history :  eldest  son  of  John  Cook  (1771-18M)  [q.  r.]; 
M.A.  St.  Andrews,  1823;  DJ).,  1848;  minister  of  St 
Leonards,  St  Andrews,  1846-63 ;  moderator  of  the  oluiroh 
of  Scotland,  1869 ;  professor  of  ecclesiastical  bistonr,  8t 
Andrews,  1860-8 ;  published  sermons  and  thflokigicai  and 
legal  pamphlets.  [ziL  71] 


OOOK,  JOHN  (1807-1874X  Scottteh  divine : 
of  Oeorge  Cook  [q.  v.] :  MJL.  St  Andrews,  18SS :  DJX, 
1843 ;  minister  at  Haddington,  1833-74 ;  moderator  of  tke 
church  of  Scotland,  1866.  [xiL  7S] 

OOOK,  JOHN  DOUGLAS  (18087-1868X  jonnalM; 
bom  in  Aberdeenshire ;  for  some  time  in  India ;  wrote  lor 
'TimeB*  and  'Quarterly  Review*;  edited  the  'Uomter 
(Chronicle,*  1848-64,  and  the « Saturday  Beview,*  186K6& 

txlLTS] 

OOOK,  JOHN  MASON  (18S4-1899X  tooristtgent;  wm 
of  Thomas  Cook  (1808-1892)  [q.  v.] ;  engaged  in  borinHi 
as  printer;  partner  with  his  father  from  1864;  rrtsndkd 
the  firm*s  connections  with  America  and  the  onntinfiit> 
and  became  agent  for  developing  trafBo  to  many  raUwayi 
In  England  and  abroad ;  appointed  b7  Khedive  govcra* 
ment  agent  for  passenger  traffic  on  NUe,  1870;  openid 
branch  office  at  Cfidro,  1878 ;  granted  by  Egyptian  govcra- 
ment  exclusive  right  of  carrying  mi^s,  wpocSA,  and  otrfl 
and  military  officials  between  Asdoot  and  Awsonan,  1886; 
made  a  Uke  contract  with  the  English  government,  aid 
performed  valuable  services  in  the  Nile  campaigna,  1886-6 ; 
greatly  developed  touring  arrangements  in  Norway  fran 
1875 :  acquired  railway  up  Mount  Vesuvios ;  oaniod  out 
schemes  for  travelling  in  India ;  devised  plans  for  ll» 
safer  travd  and  better  treatment  of  pUgrims  to  Jedteh 
and  Tambo, and  to  Mecca  and  Medina;  made  anaage- 
ments  for  the  German  Emperor*s  visit  to  the  Holy  Land, 
1898.  CSuppL  IL  68] 


OOOK,  RICHARD   (1784-1857),   historical 
art  stodent  in  London;  exhibited,  1809-22;  fflostnted 
many  books :  R.A.,  1823.  [xlL  7S] 

OOOK,  ROBERT  (d.  1598?),  herald  and  portryft- 
palnter :  of  St  John's  College,  Cambridge,  1658 :  MX,, 
1661 :  Chester  herald,  1562 ;  Clarenceax  king^-anns, 
1567  :  conunlssioned  to  visit  his  province,  1668 :  took  oat 
a  grant  of  arms,  1577;  acted  as  Garter,  1684-6;  left 
manuscript  collections,  heraldio  and  genealogioaL 

[ziLn] 


ooois. 


^d 


OOOKIBJ 


OMK,   BOBBRT:(lM67'17i<?X    ▼egetarimn:    an 
Walofoxi  lADdowner;  iwided  In  Iptwioh  and 
1688-M;  nioknAnMd  *  Linen  Oook.*       [ziL  74] 

OOOK.  SAMUSL  (180e-18S9X  water-ooloar  painter; 
at  FlymooUi;  exhibited  ooait  Menet  in 

[xiL  74] 


iwi. 


OOOK, BUnrSL BDWABDC^.  IBSV).  [See  WiDDauro- 

OQOK,  THOMAS  (1744  ?-1818X.engiaTer,  of  London ; 

~  in  CDgraTlng  portraiti  and  book  illastra- 

all  Haaarth'i  works  tor  *  Hogartb  Restored,* 

[xli.  76] 

THOMAS  (180B-18MX  toorist  agent ;  appren- 

entered  a  printing  and  publishing 

;  joined  Association  of  Baptists; 

in Botland,e.  18S8-9 ;  wood-tamer 

BaxbOKoagh,  and  secretary  to  the  branch  there 

!>«!>»>.>  Temperance  Association,  in  oon- 

hidi  he  ovgamsed  the  first  pablidy  adrer- 

by  train  in  Kngland,  1841  ;lndaced  by  the 

of  this  czcnrsion  (Lekseeter  to  Looghboroogh  and 


beck)  to 


tbm  ocganiidng  of  exeorsions  at  home  and 
oocopatioo;  poblished  handbooks  for 
sobaeqacDtly  issoed  coupons  for  hotel  ex- 
*  Bzcorsionist,*  monthly  magazine,  from 
to  London,  1864.  [SappL  ii.  66] 


cUtf; 

OOOK,  WIUJAM  id.  18S4X  miscellaneous  writer: 
miisiiiliiirt  fala  own  and  his  wtfe's  fortone;  barrister, 
10MleTen|rie,1777;  poblished  poems,  memoirs  of  actors, 
isd  s  eoaSy,  1776-1816.  [xlU  76] 

[See  also  Ookx  and  Oook.] 

ALSZANDEB  (1664-16SSX  divine :  entered 
OaOege.  Oztocd,  1881;  feQow  of  Unirersity 
(Ukge,  1187;  BJX,  1696;  Ticar  of  Louth,  Lincolnshire, 
im:  vicar  of  Leeds,  16U-SS;  published  bitter  anU- 
1610-S6.  [xii.  76] 


Boi  AlfTHONY  (I604-1676X  poUUcian :  of 
Mea  Han,  Bomfoid,   Bbbrx;    father-iu-law   of    Lord 
totor  to  Edward,  prince  of    Wales ;    K.B., 
*.^  1647 ;  eerred  on  seyeral  ecclesiastical  oom- 
1647-9 :    obtained  church   lands,   1663;   im- 
1658 :  wttfadiew  to  Btrasbnrg,  1664  :  returned  to 
1668 :  M J*.,  ffSsoT,  1669-67 ;  served  on  various 
lM»-76.  [XiL  76] 


OOOKX,  BENJAMIN  (1734-1798).  musician ;  son  of 
•  LoodoB  mnsie-sellcr ;  pupil  of  J.  C.  Pepusch  [q.  v.] ; 
d^sfey-oraanist,  1746,  choir-master,  1767,  and  organist, 
170-8),  of  Westminster  Abbey ;  Ma8.Doc.  Cambridge,  1776, 
•id  Ozfocd,  1782 ;  librarian,  1749,  and  conductor,  1763-89, 
«f  Academy  of  Ancient  Music ;  organist  of  St.  Martin  V 
is^te-FicUs  178S-93.  [xU.  77] 

OOOMX,  EDWARD  (JU  1678%  author  of  a  tragedy, 
*Lsff^s  THomph,*  1678.  [xii.  78] 


EDWARD  0771-1799),  naval  officer;  lieu- 
1790:  captain,  1794;  served  at  Tonlon,  1798, 
CUvi,  17H,  ud  in  East  Indks,  1796-9 ;  mortally  wounded 
laaetfaB.  [xiL  78] 


EDWARD  (1766-18S0X  under-secreUry  of 
lof  William  Ox^  (1711-1797)  [q.  v.] ;  educated 
at  Eton  and  King's  Oonege,  Cambridge ;  B.A^  1777 ; 
eOdal  fai  Ireland,  1778:  nndar  secretary  in  the  Irish 
■ffitaiy  dcpartmeot,  1789-96,  and  dvil  department,  1796- 
Un:  MP.,  Leighlin,  1790-1800;  quarrelled  uith  Earl 
VHEwmiam,  1796;  a  favonrite  of  Oastlereagh ;  wrote, 
ITM^  and  intrigued  for  the  union,  1800 ;  under-secretary 
ia  LoodOB  for  war,  1807,  and  for  foreign  afCairs,  1813-17. 

[XiL  79] 
EDWARD  WILLIAM  (1811-1880X  marine 
",  son  of  Geofge  Cooke  (1781-18S4)  [q.  v.] ;  drew 
botanical  book^ :  etched  coast  scenes :  made 
dmwlags  of  the  progrew  of  new  London  Bridge,  1886-31 ; 
tcsvffled  on  the  continent,  1880-^46 ;  R.A.,  1864 :  a  fro- 
>  exhibitor.  [xiL  80] 

_  GEORGE  (1781-1834X  Use  engraver ;  pupil 
Basire  [q.  v.]  ;  a  prbliflc  workman ;  lUustratod 
~    on  landscape  and  antiquities,  [xii.  81] 


of  Ji 


8im  GEORGE  (1768-1887),  lieutenant-general ; 
lOth  foot  guards,  1784 ;  captain,  1793  ;  served  in 


Flanders,  1794,  and  in  Holland,  1799 ;  captain  and  lien- 
tenant-colonel,  1798;  major-general,  1811;  at  Oadia, 
1811-18 ;  commanded  first  division  of  guards  at  Waterloo, 
1 816  ;  K.G.B.  and  colonel,  1816 ;  lieutenant-general,  18SL 

[SuppLiL68] 
OOOKE,  GEORGE  (1807-1868X  actor ;  first  appeared 
on  provincial  stage,  1838,  and  in  London,  1887 ;  committed 
suicide.  [xiL  88] 

OOOXS,  GEORGE  FREDERICK  (1766-1811X  actor; 
printer's  apprentice  at  Berwick ;  first  appeared  on  pro> 
vinoial  stage,  1776,  and  in  London,  1778 ;  a  favonrite  in 
Newcastle,  Manchester,  and  other  northern  towns ;  !•• 
appeured  in  London,  1801-10,  at  first  with  success:  well 
received  in  New  York,  1810 ;  occasionally  a  brilliant  per- 
former, but  uncertain  through  intemperance.   [xlL  89] 

OOOKE,  GEORGE  LEIGH  (17807-1868X  mathema- 
tician ;  scholar,  1797,  and  fellow,  1810-16,  of  OorposChrisa 
College,  Oxford  ;  B J).,  1818 ;  professor  of  natural  philo- 
soq^y,  1810-68 ;  beneficed  in  Warwickshire,  1884 :  edited 
part  of  Newton's  *  Principia,'  1860.  [xii.  86] 

OOOKE,  GEORGE  WINGROYE  (1814-1866X  man  of 
letters:  B.A.  Jesus  College,  Oxfonl,  1834;  barrister. 
Middle  Temple,  1886  ;  employed  by  the  tithe  and  endosura 
commissions ;  copyhold  commissioner,  1868 ;  *  ^nmes  *  cor- 
respondent in  China,  1867,  and  Algoria ;  publisbed  me* 
moin  of  BoUngbroke,  1886,  and  Shaftesbury,  a  history  of 
party  pblitios,  1887,  legal  treatises,  1844-67,  and  notes  of 
travel,  1866-60.  [xiL  86] 

OOOKE,  HENRY  (d.  1678),  musician :  chorister  of  the 
Chapd  Royal ;  entered  Charles  Fs  army,  1648,  and  became 
captain ;  teacher  of  music  in  London  before  1666,  several 
ci  his  pupils  becoming  afterwards  distinguished  coo- 
posers;  part-composer  of  the  music  for  Sir  William 
b'Avenant's  operas,  1666;  choir-master  of  the  Chapd 
Royal ;  composed  the  music  for  the  coronation  service, 
1661 ;  composer  to  Charles  II,  1664  ;  marshal  of  the  Corpo- 
raUon  of  Musicians,  1670.  [xa  86] 

OOOKE,  HENRY  (1788-1868X  Irish  presbyterian 
leader  ;  entered  Glasgow  University,  1808  ;  stikUed  sdence 
and  medicine  at  Glasgow,  1816-17,  and  Dublin,  1817-18 ; 
DJ).  Jefferson  College,  U.S.A.,  1889 ;  LL.D.  Dublin,  1887 ; 
presbyterian  minister  at  Duneane,  1808,  and  Donegore. 
00.  Antrim,  1811,  at  Kllldeagh,  oo.  Down,  1818,  and 
Bdfast,  1889-68;  professor  of  ethics.  Queen's  Cdlege, 
Bdfast,  1847 ;  leader  of  the  orthodox  party  in  the  contro- 
versy, 1831-40,  which  exduded  the  Arian  ministers  from 
the  presbyteriau  church ;  strongly  opposed  disestablish- 
ment of  Irish  episcopal  church ;  poblished  sermons, 
pamphlets,  and  hymns;  a  voluminous  contributor  to 
periodicals ;  reputed  one  of  the  most  effective  of  Irish 
preachers  and  debaters.  [xiL  87] 

OOOKE,  JO.  (Jt,  1614),  author  of  *  Greene's  TuQuoque,* 
comedy,  printed  1614 ;  poedbly  also  of  *  Epigrams,'  1604. 

[XiL  90] 

OOOKE,  Sir  JOHN  (1666-1710X  dvUian;  entered 
Merchant  Taylors*  School,  1678 ;  entered  St.  John's  Col- 
lege, Oxford,  1684  ;  lieutenant  of  foot  at  the  Boyne,  1689 ; 
D.CX.,  1694;  advocate  at  Doctors'  Commons,  1694: 
knighted,  1701 ;  dean  of  arches,  1708 ;  vicar-general  of 
see  of  (Canterbury.  [xiL  90] 

OOOKE,  JOHN  (1768-1806X  naval  officer:  entered 
navy,  1776  ;  captain,  1794  ;  put  on  shore  by  the  Spithead 
mutineers,  1797 ;  killed  at  Trafalgar.  [xii.  91] 

OOOKE,  JOHN  ri731-1810X  London  bookseller ;  issued 
annotated  bibles,  British  poets,  and  other  works  in  weekly 
sixpenny  parts.  [xlL  91] 

OOOXS,  JOHN  (1788-1838X  chapUdn  of  Greenwich 
Hospital ;  M.A.  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  1764  :  rector 
of  Denton,  Buckinghamshire,  1778 ;  publisherl  a  history 
of  Greenwich  Hospital,  1789,  memoirs  of  Lord  Sandwich, 
1799,  and  sermons.  [xiL  93] 

!        OOOKE,  JOHN   (1756-1838),   phyddan;   dissenting 
I  preacher  in  Lancashire:   ptudied  medidne  in  London, 
Edinburgh,  and  Leyden :  M.D.  Leyden ;  medical  practi- 
tioner and  lecturer  in  London :  physidaii  to  the  General 
'  Dispensary  and,  1784-1807,  to  the  London  Hospital ;  pub- 
lished *  A  Treatise  on  Nervous  Diseases,'  1881-8. 

[xiL  98] 

T 


COOKE 


274 


OOOMBES 


OOOKS,  ROBERT  (1560-1616X  divine '.  feUow  of 
BrasenofleOoIlwe,  Oxford,  1673-90 ;  proctor,  lft8S-S  ;  B.D., 
1684 ;  vicar  of  Leeds,  1690-1616 ;  prebendary  of  Durham, 
1614 ;  wrote  and  preached  actiTelyagainft  RomaniBin. 

[xlL  92] 

OOOKS,  ROBERT  (d,  1814X  masioian ;  son  of  Ben- 
jamin Oooke  [q.T.]:  orf^nist  of  St.  Martln's-in-the- 
Fields,  179S,  and  of  Westminster  Abbey,  18U3  :  drowned 
himself :  composed  songs  and  glees.  [ziL  9S] 

GOOES,  ROBERT  (18S0  ?  -1883X  Iriab  Roman  catholic 
divine ;  mission  priest  in  Leioertershlre,  Yorkshire,  1847, 
and  London ;  patdished  biographies  of  Roman  catholics, 
1876-8S.  [zlL  98] 

OOOKS,  ROQER  (b.  1663X  astrologer;  assistant  of 
John  Dee  [q.  r.],  1667-81 ;  perhaps  pablisbed  an  almanack, 
1686.  lx\L  9g] 

OOOKS,  Sir  THOMAS  (<2.  1478),  lord  mayor  of  Lon- 
don ;  a  warden  of  the  Drapers*  Ocnupany,  1489 ;  inter- 
mediary between  Jack  Oade  and  the  citizens,  1460; 
sheriff  of  London,  146S,  alderman,  1464,  lord  mayor,  1469 ; 
K3.,  1466 ;  began  Gidea  Hall,  Romford,  1467 ;  impri- 
soned and  beavi^  fined  by  Edward  IV,  1467  and  1471. 

[ZiL  94] 

OOOKS,  THOMAS  (1708-1766X  author,  commonlj 
called  Hesiod  Oooke  ;  son  of  aBraintree  innkeeper ;  eda- 
cated  at  Felstead  schod  ;  whig  journalist  and  pampUeteer 
in  Loudon,  173S ;  attacked,  aiionymonsly.  Pope  and  Swift, 
1736  and  1738,  and  consequently  won  a  place  in  the  *  Dun- 
clad  ' :  wrote  against  Pope,  17S9-S1 ;  published  poems, 
1736-43 ;  author  or  kHnt-antbor  of  four  dramatio_pieces, 
17S8-S9;  translated  Bion  and  Mo«:hus,  1734,  Hesiod, 
1738,  Terence,  1784,  and  parts  of  Cicero  and  Plautos, 
1764 :  edited  Virgil,  1741 ;  edited  the  « Craftsman  *  from 
1741.  [zii.  96] 

OOOKS,  THOMAS  (1733-1788X  eccentric  divine; 
educated,  at  Durham  school  and,  1743,  Queen's  CoUege, 
Ozford ;  dismissed  from  the  curacy  of  Kmbleton,  North- 
umberland, for  his  Grange  behaviour ;  street  preachn'  in 
London ;  confined  in  Bedlam ;  published  two  comedies, 
1763-71,  and  sermons.  [zii.  96] 

OOOKS,  THOMAS  (1768-1818Xlectnxer  and  writer  on 
physiognomy.  [zii.  97] 

OOOKE,  THOMAS  (1807-1868X  optician;  taught 
school  at  Allerthorpe,  1838,  and  York,  1839-S6  ;  made  his 
mark  as  a  constructor  of  astronomical  telescopes,  1861 ; 
invented  appliances  for  facilitating  telescopic  observation, 
and  was  largely  employed  as  a  maker  of  turret  clocks. 

[ziL  97] 

OOOKS,  THOMAS  POTTER  (1786-1864X  actor ;  son 
of  a  Loudon  surgeon ;  served  in  the  navy,  1796-1803 ; 
appeared  on  the  London  stage,  1804 :  stage  manager  of 
the  Surrey  Theatre,  1809 ;  made  a  great  success  at  the 
Lyceum,  1830  ;  acted  in  Paris,  1836,  and  Edinburgh,  1887 : 
reputed  the '  best  sailor  .  .  .  that  ever  trod  the  stage  * ; 
last  appearance  on  the  stage,  1860.  [ziL  98] 

OOOKS,  THOMAS  SIMPSON  (1783-1818X  composer ; 
member  of  the  Dublin  orchestra  ;  sang  in  opera ;  came  to 
London,  1818 ;  principal  tenor,  1816,  and  musical  director, 
1881-43,  of  Drury  Lane;  an  esteemed  singing-master; 
oompoeed  stage  music  and  glees  ;  publisfaod  a  manual  of 
■inging.  [ZiL  99] 

OOOKS,  WILLLUf  (d,  1663),  judge:  educated  at 
Cambridge ;  barrister,  Gray's  Inn,  16S0 ;  recorder  of  Cam- 
bridge, 1646 ;  scrjeant^t-law,  1646 ;  justice  of  common 
pleas,  1663.  [ziL  100] 

OOOKS,  WILLIAM  (d.  1780X  nnmipuiatist ;  vicar  of 
Snford,  Wiltshire,  1733-80 ;  rector  of  Oldbury,  Qloncester- 
shire ;  translate  Sallust,  1746 ;  wrote  on  Druklical  rdi- 
gion.  1764;  his  •MedaUic  History  of  Imperial  Rome,* 
pnbUsbed  posthomoosly,  1781.  [ziL  100] 

OOOKS,  WILLIAM  (1711-1797X  divine ;  entered  Har- 
row, 1718,  Eton,  1731,  and  King's  College,  Cambridge, 
1781;  fUlow,  1734 ;  B.A.,  1736 ;  DJ}.,  1766 :  head-master 
of  Eton,  1743-4 :  vicar  of  Sturminster-Marshall,  Dorset, 
1746-8 ;  fellow  of  Eton,  1748 ;  rector  of  Denham,  Buck- 
inghamshire, 1748,  and  of  Stoke  Ncwington,  1768 ;  pro- 
vost of  King's  College,  Cambridge,  1773 ;  dean  of  Ely, 
1780 ;  published  verses,  1733,  and  sermons.       [ziL  100] 

COOKS.  WILLIAM  (d,  18S4X  Ontk  professor ;  son  of 
WilUam  Cooke  a711*1797>  [q.T.] ;  fellow  of  King's  Col- 


lege ;  professor  of  Greek,  Cambridge,  1780-98 ;  vecler  e( 
Hempstead,  Norfolk,  1786-1834;  edited  AristolVJi 
'Poetics,'  1786 ;  wrote  on  the  Apocalypse,  1788 ;  beoaas 
insane.  [zlL  101] 

OOOKS,  WILLIAM  (1767-1833X  togal  writer;  edis- 
eated  at  Harrow  and  Caius  College,  Oambrldgv:  BJL, 
1776  ;  called  to  bar  at  Linoohi's  Inn,  1783 ;  paMlslMd  a 
manual  of  *  Bankrupt  Laws,'  1786 ;  practised  in  dianeacy 
and  bankruptcy  cases ;  rent  to  Milan  to  ooUeot  eiidenos 
against  Queen  Caroline,  1818 ;  retired,  1838.      [zU.  101] 

OOOKS,  WILLIAM  BERNARD  (177S-I88iX  Bm- 
engraver;  a  prcdiflc  engraver  of  landscapes  for  illai> 
trated  books ;  excelled  in  sea-views.  [xlL  lOS] 

OOOKS,  Sib  WILLIAM  FOTHBRGILL  (1808-lt»X 
electrician ;  educated  at  Durham  and  Edintmn^ ;  anv 
officer  in  India,  1836-31 ;  studied  medidne  at  nris  uA 
Heidelberg ;  shown  the  principle  d  eieotrio  tdegraphy  by 
Professor  MUncke,  1836 ;  patented,  joinUy  with  Sir  OhMta 
Wheatstone  [q.  v.],  telegraphio  apparatus,  1887,  mad  pm> 
dnoed  a  vrorkable  instrument,  1846;  qoamlkd  will 
Wheatstone ;  knighted,  1869 ;  pensioned,  187L 

(ZiL  101] 

OOOKS,  WILLIAM  JOHN  (1797-186f),lioe'«ngmi«; 
employed  in  illustrating  books ;  withdrew  to  DanaiMI, 
c  1840.  ixiL  101] 

000KS8,  Sib  THOMAS  (tf.  1701X  baronet,  oi  Benttey 
Pannoefot,  Worcestershire;  benefactor  ot  Btoamgnn 
and  Feckenham  schools ;  bequeathed  10,0001.  to  OhdM 
University,  with  which  Gloooester  Hall  wm  oouwtri 
into  Worcester  College.  [ziL  VOK) 

000KS8LBY,  WILLIAM  GIFFORD  (ISOS-lMOXdM- 
ileal  scholar ;  educated  at  Eton  and  King's  OoQags^OuB- 
bridge ;  M  Jl.,  1837 ;  assistant  master  at  Btoo ;  viear  of 
St.  Peter's,  Hammersmith,  1860;  rector  of  ItemndM, 
Bedfordshire,  1868;  published  classical  school^Mb, 
1838-61 ;  sennons,  1843-4,  and  pamphlets,  1SA8-87. 

[ZiL  101] 

OOOKBOK,  GEORGE  (1760-1836X  general :  cBtaed 
navy,  1778 ;  temnsferred  to  tiie  royal  artillery,  1778 ;  served 
in  the  West  Indies,  and,  1793,  the  Netherlands ;  brevBt> 
major,  1800;  served  with  distinction  in  Bgypt,  1801: 
lientenant-ooloneL,  1803  ;  served  at  Copenhagoi,  1807,  aad 
with  Sir  John  Moore,  1808 ;  major-general,  1814 ;  Hm^ 
tenant'general,  1830.  [zlL  IM] 

000K80N,  HENRY  WILKINSON  (1810-1876X  B» 
ter  of  Peterhouse ;  godson  of  Wordsworth ;  edoostid  at 
Sedbergh  and,  from  1838,  at  Peterhouse,  Cambridge ;  DlDl; 
master  of  Peterhouse,  1847  till  death ;  rector  otQIsiW, 
Rutland,  1847-67.  [ziL  108] 

OOOKBOK,  JAMES  (176S-1836X  divine :  rector  e( 
Colmer,  Hampshire,  1776 ;  entered  Queen's  College,  Ozlori, 
1777 ;  M.A.,  1786  ;  vicar  of  Harting.Susiez,  1798 ;  nuMtsr 
of  Churcher's  College,  Petersfldd,  e.  1788;  FJEUL,  1814; 
published  theological  pieces,  1783-4.  [ziL  IM] 

OOOKWOBTKT,  WILLIAM  (1706-1780X  parahin- 
maker ;  quaker  preacher ;  discovered  *  kaolin '  (tMmf 
day)  and  *  petunse'  (china-stone)  near  St.  AiuteO,  17M, 
specimens  of  which  from  Virginia  had  been  shown  blB  ia 
1746 ;  obtained  patent  for  porcelain  factory  at  Ftarmoalh, 
1768 ;  sold  the  patent,  1777.  [zU.  101] 

OOOLET,  THOMAS (1740-1784X architect;  origiadly 
a  carpenter ;  designed  the  Royal  Szchange,  DotaUn,  ITW^ 
the  Four  Courts,  1784,  and  other  buUdings  in  Ireland. 

[ziL  107] 

OOOLEY,  WILLIAM  DB8B0R0UGH  (d.  ISBiXCW- 
grapher ;  published  *  History  of  .  .  .  Discovery,*  UMm : 
ezposed  Douville*s  flcUtioos  'Voyage  an  OkMigo^'  180: 
pmsiooed,  1869;  honorary  free  member,  Rdyal  Geogi»> 
phical  Society  of  Londoo,  1864 ;  published  VVgn  en 
African  geography,  1841-74,  and  a  manual  of  *Plqrriayi 
Geography,'  1876.  [ziL  lOT] 

OOOmrO  or  OOinrO,  RICHARD  (d,  16t7X  dokoC 
the  privy  council,  1689,  and  gosrip  m  Samoa  AV9fl 
secretary  to  the  lord  chamberlain  of  the  hooaalMld,  IM^ 
1680 ;  hon.  M.A.  Oxford,  1666.  [ziL  108] 


000KSS8,  ROBERT  (1808-1860X  rhampfcm 
a  Thames  waterman ;  rowed  his  first  sculling  race,  1816; 
champion  of  the  Tliames,  1846-63 ;  coached  the  CamM4n 
crew,  1868 ;  died  insane.  [xiL  108] 


COOMBES 


376 


OOOPSH 


WIUJAM  HSMBY  0767-1850),  Roman 
tftM:  bom  in  Somenei;  edncated  at  Dooay ; 
1 ;  driTcn  from  Fnmoe  fay  the  rerolatlon ;  pn>- 
llvfiilly  at  Okl  HaU  Greeu ;  D.D^  by  the  pope, 
It  at  Sbeptou  Mallet,  1810-49 ;  pabUebed  devo- 
tnnaUUoiu.  C^^  109] 


B»  ABRAHAM  (1787-1868X  battle  and  animal 
ytiiiiilw.Ml  by  (Sir)  Henry  Menx,  1809;  RA.^ 
r  fBor  hmidred  pleoes  by  bun  exhibited,  1811-89. 

[zii.  109] 
B,  ALEXANDER  QT.  1630-1660X  miniatore 
to  Amsterdam,  and  to  the  ooort  of 
of  Sureden:  poulldy  painted  also  land- 

[ziL  110] 

B»  ANDREW  or,  probably  erroneoosly, 
T  OL  1680),  author  of  *  Xrp«roAoy^'  a  metrical 
Ita  chril  war,  by  *  An.  Oooper,*  1600 :  identifled 
mw  Oooper,  a  newiwriter,  aathor  of  *  A  Speedy 
L  [xU.  110] 

CE.  ANTHONY  ASHLEY,  first  Baron  Ashlbt 
K4BL  OF  8HAFTR8BUBT  (16S1-1683X  suooeedod 
tevonet^  1631,  inheriting  large  estates,  indading 
di  maiber,  d.  16S8)  Wimbome  St.  Qiles,  Dorset ; 
le  eourt  of  wards ;  plundered  by  the  law  officers ; 
tar  pirotection  to  attom^-gcmersl  N^y,  16S4 ; 
Hter  OoUege,  Oxford,  1687,  and  Lincoln's  Inn, 
tod  ILP.  for  Tewkesboiy,  for  the  Short  Parlia- 
X  tat  did  not  sit ;  elected,  on  a  doable  return, 
OB.  Wiltihii«,fortbe  Long  parliament,  1640,  but 
Ion  ci  hfai  deetlon  shdTea  by  the  Commons ; 
Ih  I,  but  not  committed  to  him,  at  Nottingliam 
,1M9;  brought  to  Oxford  an  offer  of  the  Dorset 
itoe  for  Oharles  I,  1648 :  raised,  at  his  own  ex- 
fcand  bone  for  King  Oharles*8  serrice :  promised 
MvaMp  of  Weymouth ;  had  great  difllcnlty  in  ob- 
,  IMS :  resigned  Ida  commissions  to  Oharles  I, 
ifllwd  Unedf  to  thepazUamentarians ;  obtained 

of  the  paHtamentuy  forces  in  Dorset,  1644; 
togriUst  strcnriMJds  and  hdped  to  rdieve  Taon- 
;  Tainty  tried  to  obtain  his  seat  in  parliament, 
ik  Oorfe  Oastle,  1646;  withdrew  from  public 
i8  iHwiHiiHftii  to  attend  to  local  administration, 
(  paiUMiMntaxy  high  sheriff  for  Wiltshire,  1648- 
for  Wiltshire  in  Cromwell's  parliaments,  1868-8 ; 
the  ooonoil  of  state,  1658-4 ;  led  the  parliamen- 
slllan  to  Onnnwdl,  1686-8 :  sat  for  Wiltshire  in 
kanwdTs  parliament,  1669,  opposing  the  goyem- 
ifaned  his  eeat  for  Downton  in  the  Rump  parlia- 
it ;  sat  on  ttie  council  of  state ;  imprisoned  as  a 
J 1889 ;  promised  to  co-operate  with  Monck, 
the  Tower  and  persuaded  the  fleet  to  declare 
ncnt,  December  1689 ;  sat  on  the  new  coundl  of 
Bk  Ids  seat  fbr  Downton,  and  became  colonel  of 
1*8  iMirse,  1660 ;  urged  the  admission  of  the  ex* 
BBbers ;  negotiated  with  Charles  IT,  March  1660 ; 
Wntihhe  in  the  OonvenUon  parUament,  April ; 
w  ooomiisflloDers  to  recaU  Prince  Charles ;  ad- 
i^  councillor.  May  1660 :  recdred  a  formal  par* 
the  past,  June  1660:  oppmed  the  yindictive 
rf  the  royidisto ;  created  Baron  Ashley,  1661 ; 
eeiuii,  1661-7;  chanodlor  of  the  exchequer, 
steadily  opposed  Clarendon's  repressire  measures, 
MTBtlOD    Act,  1661,   Act  of    Uniformity,  1863, 

FiT»>mi]ie  Act,  1665:  advised  and  supported 
Tk  first  Declaration  of  Indulgence,  166S-8  ;  re* 
gnmt  of  Carolina,  1663,  and  an  interest  in  the 
,  1870 :  treasurer  of  prizes  in  Dutch  war,  1665-8 ; 
i  •eqpmintanoe  at  Oxfcnd,  1666,  of  John  Locke, 
ime  Us  one  intimate  friend:  lord-lieutenant  of 
M7 :  atteghed  himself  to  Buckingham,  1669,  and 
t  stioDg  partisan  of  the  scheme  to  legitimise 
li,  1670 ;  kept  in  ignorance  of  the  secret  pro- 
l  the  treaty  of  Dover,  negotiated  by  Clifford, 
r  1870;  assented  to  dedaration  of  war  with 
ipposed  the  raictog  of  funds  fen:  the  war  by 
le^  of  exdwquer  paymente,  1673;  approTcrl 
Pa  Declaration  of  Indolgenoe  for  protestant  dis- 
171 :  created  Earl  of  Shaftesbury,  1679 :  president 
lid  of  trade,  1678-8 ;  refused  the  lord  high  trea- 
:  kvd  chanodlor,  1673-8 :  offended  the  Commons 
r  write  to  fill  up  the  vacant  seate :  alienated  the 
letiijssis  by  refusing  to  pass  grante  of  money  to 
1  Laodenlale  by  interfering  with  his  despotic  rule 


in  Scotland :  discovered  the  deodt  practised  on  him  by 
the  king  and  Clifford  in  1670,  in  the  tieaty  o^  Dover ;  con- 
trary to  his  ovm  prindples,  supported  the  Test  Act,  1678 ; 
dismissed  from  the  chancellorship  and  ordered  to  with- 
draw from  Loudon,  1678 ;  re jectea  overtures  of  aocommo- 
dation  by  Charles  and  by  Louts  XIV ;  set  bimsdf,  in  par- 
liament and  in  the  dty  of  London,  to  fan  the  apprehension 
of  a  Romanist  revivid,  January  1674 ;  dismissed  from  the 
privy  coundl  and  removed  from  the  lord-lieutenancy  of 
Dorset,  1674 ;  withdrew  to  Wimbome  St.  Giles ;  led  agita- 
tion for  dissolution  of  parliament,  1675-8 ;  led  the  opposi- 
tion to  Danby,  1675-6;  refused  to  leave  London  on  an 
order  from  Charies  II,  1676 ;  impriscmed,  vrith  Bucking- 
ham, Salisbury,  and  Wharton,  fay  order  of  the  House  of 
Lords,  1677;  released  on  his  submission,  1678;  rejected 
overtures  of  accommodation  with  the  Duke  of  York :  en- 
oouxaged  the  *  popish  plot*  frensy  as  a  weapon  against  the 
government,  1678 :  led  the  oppodtion  in  parliament,  1679 ; 
accepted  presidentahip  of  privy  coundl,  1679 ;  passed  the 
Habeas  Corous  Act,  1679  ;  supported  the  Bxdusion  Bill, 
May  1679 ;  dismissed  from  office,  October  1679 ;  brought 
Monmouth  back  to  Loudon,  November  1679 ;  a^teted  for 
the  re-assembUng  of  parliament ;  tried  to  msJce  capital 
out  of  an  alleged  Irish  'popish  ptot,'  1680 ;  tried  to  pro- 
secute the  Duke  of  York  as  a  popish  recusant,  June  1680 ; 
foitod,  by  Halifax,  in  his  atteoipt  to  carry  the  Bxdusion 
Bill,  1880 ;  petitioned  Charles  II  against  hddhig  parlia- 
ment at  Oxford,  1681 ;  lodged  in  Balliol  Cdlege ;  brought 
in  a  bill  to  repeal  the  penaltjfs  against  protestant  dissen- 
ters, 1881 ;  committed  to  the  Tower  on  a  charge  of  high 
treason ;  asked  leave  from  Charles  to  withdraw  to  Caro- 
lina, October  1681 ;  rdeased,  the  charge  against  him  bdng 
dismissed  by  the  whig  grand  jury,  1681 ;  satirised  by 
Dr>'den  in  *  Absalom  and  Achitophd ' ;  planned  a  revolt 
in  London,  the  west,  and  Cheshizts,  1683 ;  fled  to  Harwich 
and  sailed  for  HoUand,  1683 ;  reached  Amsterdam  and 
was  admitted  a  burgher  of  that  dty,  1683 ;  died  tiiere ; 
buried  at  Rjole,  Dorset.  [xiL  111] 

OOOPIB,  ANTHONY  ASHLBY,  third  Barl  or 
Shaitebbubt  (1671-1718X  moral  philosopher;  styled 
Lord  Ashl^,  from  January  1688;  traveued  in  Italy, 
France,  and  Germany ;  M.P.,  Poole,  1695-8 ;  advocated 
allowinig  oounsd  to  prisoners  charged  with  treason,  1685 ; 
visited  Holland  and  came  under  Pierre  Bayle's  influence ; 
his  *  Inquiry  concerning  Virtoe,'  published  surreptiUottsly, 
1699 ;  succeeded  as  third  Barl  of  Shaftesbury,  1699 ;  votol 
with  the  Whigs,  1700-3 ;  dismissed  from  the  vioe-admiraL 
ship  of  Dorset  by  Anne,  1703;  withdrew  to  Holland, 
1703-4  ;  left  B^land  for  Naples,  1711 ;  died  there  ;  pos- 
dble  originator  of  the  ohrase  *  moral  sense '  in  ito  philo- 
sophic ngniflcation ;  issued  his  collected  writings,  as 
*Characteri8tiok8  of  Men,*  dMS.,  1711 ;  his  *  Letters,*  pub- 
lished, in6, 1731,  and  1880.  [xiL  ISO] 

OOOPIB,  ANTONY  ASHLEY,  seventh  Earl  or 
Shaftebburt  (1801-1885),  philanthropist:  styled  Lord 
Ashl^  from  May  1811 ;  edncated  at  Harrow  and  Christ 
Church,  Oxford ;  M.A.,  1833 ;  D.O.L.,  1841 :  M.P..  1836- 
1851 ;  hdd  minor  offices,  1838  and  1834  ;  urged  reform  of 
lunacy  laws,  1839,  and  the  protection  of  factory  opera- 
tives, 1883-44,  colliery  workers,  1843,  and  ohimnev-eweeps ; 
joined  whig  party,  1847 :  advocated  ragged  schools  and 
the  reclamation  of  juvenile  offenders,  1848 :  succeeded  to 
the  earldom,  1851 ;  advocated  the  supervision  of  lodging 
houses,  1851,  and  the  better  housing  of  the  poor ;  chair- 
man of  the  sanitary  commission  in  the  Crimea  ;  an  active 
member  of  rdigious  associations.  [xii.  133] 

OOOPER,  Sir  ASTLEY  PASTON  (1768-1841X  sur- 
geon ;  fourth  son  of  Samud  Cooper  (1739-1800)  [q.  v.] ; 
pupil  of  Henry  Cline  [q.  v.] ;  studied  in  Loudon,  Edin- 
burgh, and  Paris ;  anatomy  demonstrator,  1789,  and  lec- 
turer, 1791-1835,  at  St  Thomas's  Hospital ;  acquired  a 
lucrative  practice :  lecturer  on  anatomy,  1798-6,  and  on 
comparative  anatomy,  1813-15,  to  the  College  of  Surgeons ; 
surgeon,  1800,  and  consulting  surgeon,  1835,  to  Guy's 
Hospital ;  F.R.S.,  1803 ;  created  baronet,  1831 ;  published 
sunfical  and  anatomical  trentises,  1800-40,  and  contri- 
buted much  to  professional  journals.  [xiL  137] 

OOOPIB,  CHARLES  HENRY  (1808-1866),  Cam- 
bridge antiquary ;  settled  in  Cambridge,  1836 ;  admitted 
a  sdldtor,  1840 ;  coroner,  1836,  and  town  clerk  of  (Jam- 
bridge,  1849-66:  published  *  Guide  to  Cambridge,*  1881. 
*  Annals  of  Cambridge,'  1843-53,  *  Athenss  Cantabrigienses,* 

t2 


OOOFXS,  0HAKLB8  FDRTON  (17U-1S7S).  In 


Ifile;  oD  gqolty  dniigbtiiiiH ; 
dach;  of  iMnoBten  natf/ttrj 
commlnkm  :  pabliibi^  Iav  bu 
■n  unauni  of  ibi  pabllo  mon 


UctraiuiMUnn.'  aiid  a  111!  of  London  ataelli 
OOOPXH  or   OQWPKS.   EDWARS   (. 


l-tB,  ataitt  Ohiinth, 


!  COOPER 

O0OPK&.  S-lJiUEL  (int-iSKl  dWnB:  B.A.  Mir- 

Bennoni  uid  punpbleu ;  provcbsd  merrlmatl  by  pal>- 
liiblog  a  dull  poem,  -T1»  Tuk,'  iborU;  afur  WUliuD 
Oowper'a-Task.'  [ilL  ll?] 

OOOFER,   SAMUEL  (17HI)-IS<R).   larglsl    vriUr: 
studied  nt  St.  Bsj^holoncH'E  HoiplUi).  ISOa :  qosUlltd  19 

Lopdoo:  pnbLiHticd  treatise  oa  i»teraa,'lW  ud  •Sai~ 
Ulcal.  DIetlonary,'  1B0»  ;  siirifton  uf  OnlinririC)'  OaU«* 
Hospital,  lasi :  F.R.S,,  iUS.  [xU.  ItfJ 

CO0FE£    or    OOUPBK,    TBOHAS     (1*lTT-UH]t 

of  Mjigilatro  College,'  Oiford,  IBil :  BjU  WW:  «fcw, 
1(30-16:  M.A..1M3:  maMor ' 


I,  1M«,  I 


Id  [or 


-lun.  IHI. -An  Aama,' 
id '  TtatHnm  Uhbib  ■•■ 


□OOFZK.  OEOROB  (IBM-lBZg),  orgKnIct ;  sm  ol  a 
jyuAoD  orgiBi«t ;  onomift  of  varioiu  Landon  oharolHH, 
.814-70:  UElilant  orcaaisIoT  SC  PoulV.  ISSe-Ie:  or- 
tmlslof  tbECtapel  Koyal,  19M-7S;  Dfjmnitt  ol  Ohriifn 
iDsnltal,  1B43 :  compoiai  hjmn-luiiis  ;  piibUabvd  manuals 
or  lit  OTBon.  {111.  mi 

COOPER,  Bra  GBEV  (d.  1901).  polLOoiBo:  barrijur- 
it-liw ;  pubtUhsI  pamphlfU  In  dcfeiico  of  tbc  lionklng- 
am  ministry,  17M:  peatUmrA  bj  thp  ministry:  M.P„ 
.7i!s-B0  ;  a  secretary  of  Ibotra "*     "      " 


OOOFXR,  JOHN  (d.  ISSS).    [S«  Cni'itji 


[.II.  m] 


ODOPIB,  JOHN(^.  1. ._ 
Sath  slagc  ISll ;  uppeand  It 
the  proriocw,  1"  "  ■ 


I'l^STTi  («™ 


[xU.  IM] 


I  '  Fhliarctai.'  t 


publlstiol  tj 


OOOFXR,  JOHKaiLBEi{T(17>g-176II).mlKelltnRi 
wrilor :  Hiacaled  at  Wtstmlmler,  and,  1T*».  Triuitj-  Ool 
leatf,  Oambridge;  .—  .. 

Dodslcy's  ■Museum,-  from  17«:  publlah 

1749.  ooUiKtal  poems.  17B4,iiDd  other  uorl 
OOOFZB,  RICHARD.  ttioddw(-y.  1 


OOOFBR,  ItlOHAKD,  t 


{■Oooper^O) 

In  deRODB  dI.  __    __. . 

Due,' kaawn  IS '  Ooowr^  DWioBUT,' U 

dean  of  Obrlst  Oborch,  1H7 ;  Ttoe-^tana 

UeT-7D;  dean  of  Oloucoicr,  ltB«;  blilini  oC  Lloidii, 

1B7D;  pnbllibsl  a   -Brief   EipiKitlon'  of  Ox  Bo^ 

]efHn]3.lt7S,andwnnoD9,lt7E-S0:  blabmi of  WlncbMs. 

I6g4-IH;  lampoonaJ  by  ■MartJii  M«-fttl»lB,'  IHMl 

publialied*r  ■  ■-■ '•■—■•-'■' '-• ■•— 


[liLK 

'BDiua 


ODOFXE,  DOUTXR, 

IBM),  dlTlDs;  edasaUd 
ChrIM  Otinreh,  Oiterd,  lb«  j  luj, 
Bodmnth,  Obeafaln,  1901-4:    tIc 
CovmtiT,  lW4-lfl :  prBaebv  to  tbe 

trtota  agaiiut  the  OnnpowdflT  plot, -,_„_^_ 

ctnft,  Itir,  and  tnordei,  IBM.  i^L  III] 

OOOPXR,  TBOMAfl  (17IS-IHM),  natoTBl  nbi)o»pl>a 
aod  lawyer;  enlcnd  Unlvenlly  ODlli«ei  Oiforil.  177V: 
studied  law  and  medicine :  Inrrmcr.  Inoer  Tanple.  1187 : 
Pult,  ITM:  attacked  b} 


:  pa^ihed  pomiaal  paai- 


1,  1811-M :  po^ilwl  pomiial  pi 
lu  nnaoai*  of  AraainiD  lair,  ino>4l).  ao 
enojdopvdU.  lBll-11.  [xU.  Ul] 

S  (ISOH-IN)).  cbartM,:  a] 


aai 


:  sou  of  HIehard  Cooper  tl 


I77».» :  aihiDilal  ilrawinn  at  i 
un :  drawlng-maater  at  BUn. 

OOOPIB,  BOBEKT  <A  laSlX  eeogiaplier:  totend 
FambnAe  OoUcge,  Oxford.  1«g;:  RA„  IBTD;  fellow; 
tr.A.,  le7S  1  iMtor  of  HarllngloD,  MIddleHi,  le«I ;  pub- 


at  the  Itoyal  Aeademy,  i: 


OOOPKB,  BAMUSL  (16Dg-l«79),  mbilatuns  pulnln:  j 
Minted  potliatla  ot  Mkbi^tla  oC  Uie  OammouvealUi  and 
Be!tOTB:lai:TUllalFrauee  and  Holland.         [iii.U>l      ' 


OOOPZB,  THOMAS  THOHNTIU.E  (ISSS-ISTB), 
traveller;  travelled  In  Australia;  merchant's  iJerk  el 
Madras,  lAGB-Ql ;  trarelletJ  In  Imlla  and  nntmAh-  at 
BhaoRhnl,  1863  :  pnbllnbed  '  A  1 
KTlbliiit  an  atUnipC,  Jannatr- 
frmn  China  tbrouffh  -Hilbet,  ann  -.Mtsumee  tiius.'  nar- 

cnii^oy«  of  the  India  osir:  political  agent  at  Bam^ 
Barmali.  I(l7e :  murdered  at  Bamo.  [jrti.  IMJ 

OOOFES.   WTLUAJI  (A  lM3i.  iiiirilBii;   vioirpf 

Bobemia.  'at  tbe  Haene,  1941-8 ;  ejaetal  (nm  St.  OavA, 
Soathvrark.  19(13 ;  Imprtaoned,  1981 :  pobliihol  leniMiK 

OOOFES.  WILLTAU  DURRAUT  (1911-[B7f),  aoti- 

dab,  1897,  audio  St. 'Panoria  vmry,  ISU:  patotU«d  a 
■ParllamentBry  History-  of  Bnnex,  ISM,  ■  gtamrj  "< 

contrlbnted  to  archwioglcal  joomala.  [xlL  IM] 

OOOFEB,  WILIJAM  HIGKKTTS  (IBll-iam, 
ortonUd  student  J  aeoetary  lo  Che  Bod-"-  -•  '>"-•■—' 
rrbmloey,  lOTO-« :  publlibed  pagien  oi 


Ajsyilan  antlQ  nit 


DdetT   of   amnal 

OD  Egyptlu  and 

1j.il  1H] 


ooFEa:*AirD 


S  (d.  IMS), 
sapUis,  16UU:  tougbt  at  Kl: 
M,  ina,  uid  ilce-prratdnil 
I  fnt  OonuDgbL  lAUdowaer : 


uTi  HospiUl,  ,  ..  ,  ... 

IGXI,  af'ooD- 
CTfvud  barooct, 

,  ,__ -.  .-.-rnor  ot  DobUn, 

nft  Tl|pirDiu]y  anliut  the  Irlflb  irbeli,  lAll-S; 
<Ua.  [lU.  Itl] 

^  Sni  CHARLES.  B^hl  or  UoL'Ktrjtm  (d. 
at  ■»  of  Sir  Chart™  Cooto  (d.  1«4»)  [q.  t.] ; 
rim,  1030 :  loourbl  ri^:oromL;  aghiiut  tbe  JrlBta 

IMI.  Lod  praiitent.  lUt.  ot  OonoBiigbl;  con- 

■  toat  ■iriuD't  Cbe  Iiteb  niT>Uit«  uid  n^wli, 

IK  twren  BrogbU,  In  Mcoriss  Iidind  for 
I,  lUO ;  RBppolnUd  praldaM  ol  Oomuught, 

■  liud*  ol  bainv  of  wmaHtli,  uid  nuiied  ■ 
tet  Iniuil,  lUOi  onatnl  Etfl  ot  Hountnth, 


OrlOnl,  17M;  fiOJow,  ilM;  D.O.L., 
kt  IXvton'  Ooomioni,  ITftO ;  ttabliibed 
r,  ITM,  4  bMoiT  of  I^lud  (to  1809), 


bDuiiht  Wer  Park,  HKmublK:  oolane 
,_._..    .  j^  if,d^  u  com 


i-eUrf,  ir«>,       .  -..^ 

17?B :    lleutenADt-peneni,   ]7tT  i 


I  nW^  of  Wandewub, 


UBdwUni 


SSm  BtRB  (lT«S-18S4a  genHBl; 
»r  Byre  Cotrte  (17M-1T8S>  [q.  Y.l ;  f 
•oilCB.  !"• ;  WTTHl  In  America,  17TI-t 


E,  BroniT  CHAJILBS  (1 


I ;  M.t..  DHnmuple, 
[.IL  161] 

l-lB8s),liiK)rT;»oii 


■OOPOOT.  JOHN  (J.  11*)),  dlrtne 
OoUcg^  OirabrldKS.  IMS:  BA^  1E6I 
lies  i  u  Initmmait  ol  Bargbley  In 


Oolltn,  Oani' 
lo-Uic-Eiuit,  LoixloD ! 
[xiL  IMl 
),  Rnzun  aathoUfl  divlnft ;  Ui' 

I  and  to 
PMer'h 


n,'  igiiloit  tbc  BuHllab 

COPS,  Bib  ANTHONY  (<l.  1161), 
vl1, 0:ctordahire ;  trvTclled ;  cbamberU 
loo  Fait:  kulffhtcJ,  1M7  :  aberllT  of  t 


OOPE,  Sib  ANTHONT  (tUSr-lBU),  blgh  (bsrlfl  of 
iiConlihlR.  16tiU  of  Huw-ell.  Oifardihiir:  U.P„  Dmi- 
urj,  IIM'IIHM:  tmpciKnitd  ma  pntluiD,  1167 :  kal^hud. 


ttfl  at  Rojai  AE«i«uiy,  *  Pjutlo  and 
Ostfria  dl  OunpNnia,'  IBM,  and -Foe 
IHl;  obUlncd  ftitit  ot  KM.  In  oMn- 
lUsD  ol  bonH  of  paiUiBMBt,  IMI :  <n* 
itsn  oimmlialaDed,  1M4,  tavtapm^ 
Boom  o(  LonU,  and  naniMd  amnl 

' a  n*iftHiiy  In  Italj  and  at  Honlidl : 

>T1h  Plntboni.'^  IMit.  mi  inla*- 


is  tor 


tUi... 


PlnUnni/ IMD. 
BTPalnUnjai     " 

•  Bojtli.tuataj,'wtt-7t:  tme  at' ronimiiue  o 

e;nl  In  dnxmtlon  at  WatmlaiUT  I'alacr.  1> 
1,  laTI.  'Tbe  CODnoll  of  tlic  BdjiU  Anuli^)', 
landl-nom  of  the  Acadam;,  ^anppL 


FnstoDptuii,  31  Sepu  17 


cd  Ilale't '  lliBdro,'  and  edltid 


tlrlinp  affaUut 
Ipoe  Obnrla  at 


""i^nd 


OOFE.     RICHARB    (177^1816),     oonereiiatloiiallae 


W!-e,  AbcrgavoDBj,  ISS9-B8,  ai 
autobloeraphj  publUbal,  1817. 


I.   BOLUBS  (1R17-It 


IwplUl,  1 


2,  RIOHARD,  fli5I  Bahl  r. 
FHTMTolHfwyork:  .IJCffl 

Jolpimr,lVa:  M.F„DKHt< 

t,  1*W:  enaud  Earl  at 

uvauui  ot  Kvw  Biurlaod  to  nprcu  piracy,  l( 

sanl  diip  En  (hpWn  William  RUM  to  ar 

nebad  Now  Tnk,  1SS7 :  analcd  KIdd,  11 

n  T«ck.  [lU.  iti 


a  Triniij  Otriltgi; 
BotorofFainliiuii,bKi.iBlB-a>.'  '  [>a.''ltt]  ' 

OQPELAKS,     WILLIAM     TATLOR    {lIVT-lsaiX 

pecialty  of  parian  ^ronpa  and  Atauettfa ;  iberlff  of  Loi^ 
Km,  laW  :  loid  marnr.  ISU :  ILP.,  l«ll-«,     [xU.  IW] 


OOPERAmO 


278 


OOBAM 


GOPESABIO  or  OOPRASIO,  GIOVAKNI  Ci.l6S6) 
muRician ;  said  to  be  an  Englishman,  Johx  Cooper  : 
trained  in  Italy :  pablished  *  Funeral  Teares,'  1606,  and 
*  Songs  of  Mourning '  (for  Prinoe  Henry),  1613 ;  composed 
magic  for  coart  masqaes,  1607-18 ;  oompoeer  to  Charles  I, 
1626 ;  teacher  of  William  and  Henry  Lawes ;  left  much 
onpabll^heil  music  in  manuscript.  [xii.  170] 

OOPnrOZR,  WILLIAM  (</.  1416X  derk :  to  him  Bale 
and  Pits  erroneously  assigned  two  manuscript  treatises  on 
theolo«ry.  [xii.  170] 

OOPLANB,  JAMES  (1791-1870X  physician;  M.D. 
Edinburgh,  1816 ;  visited  the  Gold  Coast :  travelled  in 
France  and  Oermany ;  L.R.O.P.,  1820 :  F.R.S.,  183S  ;  prac- 
titioner in  London :  contributed  to  professional  journals ; 
published  *  Dictionary  of  Practical  Medicine,*  1832,  and 
other  medical  works.  [xii.  171] 

OOPLAHD,  PATRICK  (1749-1822),  professor  at  Aber- 
deen of  natural  philosopliy,  1776-9  and  1817-22,  and  of 
mathematics,  1779-1817 :  LL.D. :  formed  a  museum  of 
natural  philosophy.  [xit  172] 

OOPLANS,  ROBERT  (Jt.  I608-1647X  author  and 
printer ;  pupil  of  Wynkyu  de  Worde ;  isst^d  books  with 
his  imprint,  1616-47  ;  translated  from  the  French,  *  The 
Kalender  of  Shepeherdes,'  16(^  *  The  Ratter  of  the  See,* 
1628,  three  romances  and  devotional  and  metrical  pieces ; 
his  best-known  poems,  *The  Hye  Way  to  the  Spyttel 
Hous,*  *  Jyl  of  Breyntford*8  Testament,*  and  *  The  Seuen 
Borowes  tliat  Women  have.*  [ziL  178] 

OOPLAVD,  WILLIAM  (A  1666>I569X  printer; 
sacoeeded  Robert  Copland  [q.  v.]  in  business,  1648 ;  mem- 
ber of  the  Stationers*  C}ompany,  1666 :  issoed  books  with  his 
Imprint,  1648-61;  compiled  *A  boke  of  .  .  .  Herbes,* 
1662.  [xii.  174] 

OOPLBSTON,  EDWARD  a776-1849X  bishop  of  Llan- 
daff :  scholu:  of  Corpus  CAinsti  College,  Oxford,  1791 ; 
B.A.,  1796;  feUow  of  Oriel,  1796-1814;  tutor,  1797; 
vicar  of  St.  Mary's,  Oxford,  1800 ;  professor  of  poetry, 
1802-12:  DJ).,  1816;  provost  of  Oriel  (X>Uege,  1814-28 ; 
dean  of  Chester,  1826  :  bishop  of  Uandaff  and  dean  of  St. 
Paul's,  1828-49 ;  published  pamphlets  on  education,  the 
currency,  and  pauperism ;  worked  hard  for  his  diocese ; 
published  charges  to  his  clergy.  [xit  174] 

OOPLST,  ANTHONY  (1667-1607  ?X  Poet;  third  son 
of  Sir  Thomas  Copley  [q.  v.]  ;  withdrew  to  Rooen,  1682, 
and  to  Rome,  1684 ;  resided  in  the  Low  C!ountries,  1686-90 ; 

Prisoner  in  the  Tower,  1600 ;  pardoned ;  published  *  Wits, 
Ittes,  and  Fancies,*  containing  verses,  and  jests  from  the 
Spanish,  1696,  and  a  poem,  *  A  Fig  for  a  Fortune,*  1696 ; 
wrote  for  the  secular  priests  against  the  Jesuits,  1601-2 ; 
conspired  to  place  Arabella  Stuart  on  the  throne,  1603  ; 
turned  king's  evidence  and  was  pardoned;  in  Rome  in 
1606.  [xii.  176] 

OOPLET,  Sir  GODFREY  (</.  1709).  founder  of  the 
Royal  Society's  (X>pley  medal ;  succeeded  as  second  baronet, 
1684  ;  M.P.,  Aldboroagh,  1678-81,  Thirsk,  1696-1706  ; 
F.RJS.,  1691  ;  controller  of  army  accounts,  1704. 

[xii.  177] 

OOPLST,  JOHN  (1677-1662),  divine  ;  youngest  son 
of  Sir  Thomas  Copley  [q.  v.] :  bom  at  Louvain  ;  a  Roman 
catholic  priest ;  pablished  *  Reasons  *  for  embracing  pro- 
testantism, 1612 ;  vicar  of  Bethersden,  1612-16 ;  rector  of 
Pluckley,  Kent,  1616;  ejected  by  parliament,  1648:  re- 
stored, 1660.  [xii.  189] 

OOPLET,  JOHN  SINQLETON,  the  elder  (1737-1816), 
portrait>painter  in  oil  and  crayons;  bom  at  Boston, 
Massachusetts ;  taught  by  his  step-father,  Peter  Pelham 
(d,  1761X  portrait-painter  and  engraver,  of  Boston ;  began 
painting  and  engraving  portraits,  1768 ;  painted  Oeorge 
Washington's  portrait,  1766 ;  exhibited  *  The  Boy  with 
the  Squirrel,*  in  London,  1766;  left  America,  1774, 
having  executed  nearly  three  hundred  pictures :  visited 
London ;  visited  continental  galleries,  1774^ ;  settled  in 
London,  1776 ;  employed  as  a  portrait-painter  :  exhibited 
his  first  imaginative  picture,  *A  Youth  rescued  from  a 
Shark,'  1779 ;  became  famous  as  an  historical  painter  by 
painting  *  Chatham's  last  Appearance  in  the  Lords,'  *  Re- 
pulse of  the  Spanish  Floating  Batteries  at  Gibraltar,'  1790, 
and  *  Charles  I  denumding  the  surrender  of  the  Five  Mem- 
bers *  (began  1786).  [xii.  177] 

OOPLET,  JOHN  SINQLETON,  the  younger.  Baron 
Ltndrursy  (177S-1868),  lord  chancellor ;  son  of  John 


Singleton  C!opley  the  dder  [q.  v.] ;  bom  in 
sachusetts ;  brought  to  England,  1776  :  entered  Trlnfi^ 
College,  Cambridge,  1790  ;  second  wrangler,  1794  ;  fHlov, 
1796-1804  ;  M.A.,  1796 ;  went  to  Boston  to  try  to  reoonr 
his  father's  property,  1796 ;  toured  in  the  United  Stafess; 
took  chambers  as  a  special  pleader :  bantster,  linoolnli 
Inn,  1804 :  joined  the  Midland  circuit ;  became  popalar  it 
Nottingham    by    defending    a    Loddite   rioter,   18IS: 
serjeant-at-law,  1813 ;  became  responrible  for  hia  taXbte^ 
debts,  1816;  increased   his  reputation  by  gaining  llie 
bobbin-net    lace    case,    1816,    and  defending    Artiup 
Thistlewood,  1817 ;  engaged  by  the  crown  as  proaeeottac 
counsel,  1817 ;  tory  M.P.,  1818-26  ;  chief-justice  of  Ohester, 
1819 :  solicitor-general,  1819 ;  oondooted  the  pioaecathaa 
of  Arthur  Thistlewood  for  treason,  and  thot  oi  Qnen 
Caroline  before  the  lords,  1820 ;    knighted ;   attoraey- 
general,  1824-6 ;  master  of  the  rolls,  18S6 ;  reoMder  of 
Bristol,  1826  ;  lord-chancellor,  1827-80 ;  created  Baron 
Lyndhurst,  1827 ;  chief  baron  of  the  exobeqoer,  1881-4; 
again  lord  chancellor,  1834-6 ;  took  a  leading  put  In  tte 
debates  in  the  Lords,  1836-41 ;  high  steward  of  Oambridie 
University,  1840 ;  a  third  time  lord  chanoeilor,  IMl-C; 
benefited  by  operations  for  cataract,  1849-62  ;dediiMds 
fourth  tenure  of  the  lord  chancellorship,  1881 ;  lart  spsMb 
in  the  Lords,  1861.  [xlL  VBX] 

OOPLET,  Sir  THOMAS  (1684-1684X  of  Cktton, 
Surrey,  and  Roughay,  in  Horsham  pwlsii,  Sussex; 
knighted  abroad ;  created  baron  by  Philip  IE,  and  so 
often  styled  Lord  Coplry  ;  claimed  the  barony  of  Bin 
and  Hastings  ;  M.P.  for  Gatton,  a  private  boroagb.  1168- 
1667 ;  opposed  the  measures  of  Philip  and  Mary,  1668 ;  a 
favourite  with  Elixabeth  ;  embraced  Boman  oattaoUeim: 
imprisoned  as  a  recusant :  went  abroad,  1670 :  enterad  ths 
Spanish  servioe ;  died  in  Flanders.  [icIL  188] 

OOPLET,  THOMAS  (1694-1662  ?X  ieiolt ;  of  GattOD, 
Sarrev ;  took  part  In  planting  the  colony  of  ICaiylaad. 

[ziL188] 

OOPPB,  ABIEZER,  aliat  HlQHAX  n619-l^X 
fanatic; of  disordered  mind  and disorderiy life:  servttar 
of  AU  Souls*  College,  Oxford,  1686 ;  post-master  of  Mcrton 
(Xrtlege;  baptist  preacher  in  Warwickshire  and  oilier 
midland  counties  ;  joined  the  ranters ;  his  *  Pieiy  Flying 
Boll  *  bumt,  as  blasphemous,  by  order  of  parliameBt, 
1660  ;  imprisoned  at  Warwick,  und,  1661,  in  Newgate; 
released,  on  his  recantation,  1661 ;  practised  physle,  after 
1660,  at  Barnes,  Surrey,  as '  Dr.  Higham.*  £xiL  190] 

OOPPDr  or  OOPPnrO,  JOHN  (d.  lUHX  Browalst; 
disciple  of  Robert  Browne  [q.  v.] ;  subjected  to  noadaal 
Imprisonment,  1676;  taught  his  fdlow-prlsoners  that 
Queen  Elisabeth  was  an  idolater  and  perjured :  exeoofesd 
for  treason.  [xU.  Ill] 

OOPPDr,  RICHARD  (>r.  1646-1669X  nniversaUst ; 
Anglican,  presbyterlan  (1646),  Independent,  and  bs4»tl8t: 
claimed  to  have  had  a  special  revelation  to  ptmidi,  1648; 
patronised,  1649,  by  Abieier  Ooppe  [q.  v.] ;  preadied, 
1649-64,  in  several  midland  counties  ;  often  inucted  for 
heresy,  but  leniently  treated ;  preacher  to  famlHttai  at 
Rochester,  1666  ;  published  pamphlets,  1649-69. 

£xiL  111] 

OOPPDrOIB,  EDMUND  (d.  1692),  fanatio:  sop- 
ported  William  Hacket  [q.  v.],  who  daimed  to  be  the 
Messiah ;  died  in  prison.  [sdL  198] 

OOPPOOK,  JAMES  (1798-1867),  deotion  Mfcnt; 
draper's  derk,  then  silk-mercer,  in  London ;  qnalilled  as  a 
solicitor,  1886  ;  employed  in  disputed  dection  caines. 

rxii.  118] 

OOPPOOK  or  OAPPOOH,  TH0BCA8  (m9-1746X 
Jacobite  ;  B.A.  Brasenose  Cdlege.  Oxford,  174S :  a  olaigy- 
man  :  jdned  Prince  Charles  at  Manchester ;  execoted  at 
Carlisle ;  popularly  thought  to  have  been  named  Mshop  of 
Carlisle  by  the  Pretender ;  subject  of  various  pampMsta. 

OOPSI,  00P8IOE,  or  00X0,  Earl  of  Nobteum- 
BERLAND  (d.  1067).  thcgu  of  NoTthnmbeclaod  onder 
Tostig,  1066  :  submitted  to  WUliam  I  at  Barking,  1086 : 
created  earl  and  sent  to  reduce  Northumberland ;  slain  by 
Oswulf.  £ziL  194] 

OOSAK,  THOMAS  (16687-1761),  phllant 
bora  at  Lyme,  Dorset ;  shipbuilder  at  Tftonton, 
sachusetts,  1694 ;  merchant  In  London,  1790 ;  a  tniitoe  far 
Georgia,  1732 ;  planned  odonisation  of  Nova  Sootia,  1786 ; 
advocated  the  establishment  of  Poondlinff  Honital; 
obtained  a  charter,  1739;  opened  the  bouding,  1746; 
received  an  annuity  by  subscription,  1749,       (zU.  114] 


_  CDBBAirX.     UARIB    PEUNOOISE    OATHGRIHE 

C^Udi:  nafirtfuT  In  oil-  utd  inter-ooLoun;  flnt  n> 
HbUl  imTbonk  Utnitntw :  wmtc  an  Old  TMnmnil 
tetarj' :  pmriatied.  isn.  [iIL  :M] 

aosusL.  onsainiN  or  dosssuil,  wtlua»  oi 

M.  lINk,  archblibopof  C*ntcrbiiiy:  boni  at  one  ol  the 
urbeUa  is  NwmBDd^  :  papll  ot  Anidm  U  Lwn  ;  cterk 
— >  .^..  ...  — irnbArd,  bltbop  of  Durhjun;  preMdC  at  (htf 
'^-^■n  CW£edr<   ""■■  ■ 


l^MitB"fc|"ti"iiit"i"iii"rTTiiitliiiiiT".  iogt  tbe~ mVu ■_ 

-^— — "TotolUtlldfcllK;  bdd OMIDCQ  It  London  t 

I  b^ad  to  nbuIU  the  oUlialnl; 

f  CtatlMdrml  and  dedicated  It.  1130; 

iBUii  clBCtloii  of  StvpLcD^  vboDi  he  crowiHd  li 

OOKSET.  CLEMBNT  (J.  litl).  dTlUBn;  Kholu  of 
HnttT  B*U.   Ounbnd«e.   1199;   fellow,   1««H;    LL.D„ 


Soi  BT^ad 


r.  8iBlOfDI(U»4-l«l),  pnlikrtioC  SbiDp- 
hr;  <ntid  lanact,  IHT;  protaUr  doc  tbe  Sir 
AIb  OatM  vbo  ■>•  iaptinKd  (M  ntoilDfr  (o  pk;  the 


teflrlHiaBd  la  tliB  neet  for  ipenhdnff  Jici^nn  tbe 
■  111  «««■,  1«lt:  vkin  imprlBWd.  IIU;  H.F.  for 
SfcHfuWrc,  IMI^  In  the  unv  pArllunent ;  took  t^  pArllA- 
■eoiide.  [>U.WO] 

OOSXXT.  JOHN'   (iat»-lMO>.  parllui;    nn    of    ■ 

... „  *..JCiwdiIeoHall,OxfoPl,  IMO; 

■rot  at »(iirj-ik-Ci7pt. 


OOBOORAN 

Mor,  1«1I ;  D.D,.  I«ir :  TtcK  ol  Ortng' 
d ;  cbipInlD  to  Jsma  I ;  pnboiduT  of 
ll:Tloarof  f^Uwkler.  Bertahlrc,  !«».)»; 
'horch.  ieJO-18 ;  blataap  o(  Oirtont  lUfl : 


conglfgstlon  tbr  ow  of  llie  blKllop-i  i 
l«Ud  poemi  laiDFd.  ISIT. 

OOEBST,  ROBERT  (J.  IBIOX  iuti 
IMl  :  romnindfr,  IB» ;  guptaln.  IB.. ,  __ 
to  mating  by  bliinbniuDonKltjtDIhni.  IS 


JmnBndaVFm 


on.  [ill.  * 

n-IM!).  triih  ratal 

■■■■;  iolni.-     -     - 

>>)!e«e 

■njieilltlain^  bat  n 
w'Srli'lBo! :  « 
;  ill«lil«l  bf  the  B 


UU 


OORBXTT,  THOMAS  (if.  I 
OforiTB  hyaif  In  ttao  filcUlfui  01 
BecrcuUT  of  the  Bdmltxlty,  I74t 


UJ] 


OOKKE  o] 


DOSBIKOTOB.  AUI<ROSe(l«M-l»M), 

Kliint«l  nt  f^t.  Omer,  1«1G.im>I  Koine.  11 
jemlCt,  Hl«  ;  rbrtorie  lorliirrf  st  Kl.  Oaur:  ma 
Obontk  1Mb-,  dliil  at  Rome:  wrob^HTCiof  Janit 

OOasn  nr  OORBIXOTON,  OBRABO  (IM»-Y«s';), 

Ranun  (sthollF  eiUe;  — ■' ■  '^--' —i.v.. .. 

Inland  and  to  Belgium 


,r  THiTbam : 


It  Darbam;  withdrew  t< 


OORBIE 


[nlU  SMJ 

IT  COKXntDTOlt.  RALPH  {lS(ft-l»44>. 
■on  01  Gcrnrd  Corbie  [q.  T.l ;  ednmtsl  In 
Spulo;  tolnrd  tlir  jnuitii.  IBH ;  iMnlan 
am,  IE;S]-44  ;  luiiffed  ac  l^bnrtu 


[III.  soil 

OOBSKT,  UILSS  (d.  ItC),  rsldde:  of  a  Norfolk 
hmllT :  tairiits,  Uncolnl  Ion:  U.P„Oreat  Tarmoulb. 
UM,  tod  In  tht  La>«  mrlli 

<i[|win  iirilii  eomidtteei 

aartK  nod),  IIH  ;  ngMni  ol  i 
~~W:  ■liiiiild  mil ilTiiiLnf  lliii 


Ua  i^oiai'i  heueb, 
>do(  Korwi. 


RIOBARD  <1MS-1«»],  bltbop 
ih :  •«  of  a  StnTey  (rardener :  < 
Mudott  of  ChrUt  Cliiircli,  Oil 


CORBKAO.  f 
icmonital  on   ! 


eihlbltol,  I 
tbeOrskiii 


D  London ;  flrflt 


COXBRISOE.  THDMAH  oi 
)7»-«a;  Tiaited  Home  on  »tt 


B-ISII: 
(.  I1M).I 


rcbbUhop  of  Vi 
bd  the  archblAbDp  o[ 
ODEOORAS. 


inhip,i»o,>nitUiiBi;  p»CTiit.; 


).  archblibop  fli 

t  of  TOOOVOTlnff 


:  briRidler-geunil,  IMJ. 


L,  OHABLKS  (17*0-1T»IX  B 

dlTlM :  «t  BulUh  Urtli :  sdnatod  M  DiuiT :  ctaiplalD  i 
AniDdil  Oudi,  17—  -- ■—  -  "-->-■■'-  '-'-  -•  "- 
■iid(lI<l-*l)BtNi 


. ;  prinC  In  YorkBbln,  Ule  of  Kma. 


nvbitti 


[111.  SIS] 


_.._i;  (dualal  M  Ounbrldgc. 
ItM;  ]l.e„  etqnlnc.  IMS:  MlielUH- 

dnotid  pni«atlim  of  %T  Tbamu  Wja 

iiuHvo[tben>(li,llIT-»l:  M.P  BDlIci1k,iuidi 
HooH  of  Commou.  ItM;  H.P.  lor  Mlddlau, 
ror  WdlmlDSMi,  ItTl.  UU-  >li] 

ooKsnr,  WILLIAM  (irsr-isar),  puintn;  ttsMH 

china  (or  the  Dnbj  wor^ ;  p^bUd  mlniatare  portialU 
DO  iioiy  uid  ahlnL  Ciifi.lU] 


Ipiirloli,  181T ;  < 

OOXDXROT,  JXRBMY  (/.  1(00).  diTliie ; 
Albwi  Hull,  Oitord,  1»81 ;  M^,  KBt :  dutplali) 
toDCoUegCilHO:  pablinbed  UKOIogltHl  tncU, 
1«08.  [> 

oossnrxB.  ohablbs  (itmi-iim).  u 

mlnliter  ot  BL  Andrev^  BpUooli*!  Cbnrch.  B4: 
i;m.    Hli  worki  Inslnds  '  ABUqiilClH  ol  tbe 


^C  Hidni,  11 


il  Ooloni 


1907- 


i,  1T«8- 

t^mmD,  AHTdeflD, 

Oerlon,'  leor,  uid 

[tU.  11*1 

CORST,  JOHN  (Jl.  1700-1711),  utor ;  a  fmireiult* 
London  Ktor,  170S-B1 ;  btoiehC  odC  k  oomai}',  1701.  ud 
■  line.  IIIM.  [ill-  }1B] 

O0S7X,  ARTHUR  THOU&S  (lT7t-lMIX  otgMiliit; 
Uilrd  Hn  ot  Jonph  Ootle  [I-  T.j :  diorlita  of  Wot- 
mlntter  AbtKj :  orgulalof  S>ll>bisTCstt»dnl,  IMH-Bt; 
ninpoBed  (wtbenuit  uid  vmie  OQ  *  lint  Prlndp^  of  Har. 
nanj  imd  Tt«n)ivli-taH.'  [ilL  IK] 

OORPZ.  OHABLEB  WILLIAU  (1814-1B83X  armnin 
Diahri>t0hanh,0ifDrd,lM«-81;  yoonger  no  ot  Arthur 
Thomu  Uorie  [q.  t,]  ;  lfniJ)sc  Oilonl,  1U3 :  oomiKiMd 
■!»  ud  uthniia.  [xlL  317] 

OOKTX,  JOHN  DATIS  (IBM-ISISX  organlrt  ol 
BrlMol  CUlHdnl :  dd«t  »n  (rf  AitliDt  Tbomu  CoriC 
[q.r.]  [.U.S17] 

OOKPS,  J06EFH  (1740-taK),  corapoKt:  oboriner. 
hj  Tloftr,  uidorgftnlit,179S-180i,of  HAliibairOvtbednil; 
gmtlSBUi  ol  tha  Obapd  Ri^il,  1781 ;  oompiMnl  cbanta 
DUBio,  uitbKni,  and  glMi.  [ill.  il7] 

CORK,  KuiU  or.  {Oae  Botlk.  Ricbard,  irn  Barl, 
1*M-1M1:  B0T14  Richard,  mond  Barl,  l«ll-lt9Ti 
BOTL^  BicoAKD,  IDiuUi  Bari,  UM-1TB1 !  BoyiaJohh, 
Uth  Barl,  17D7-17U.] 

OOBK,  OODHTKU  OP  (17M-lS«a>.    [Sn  UamnnoH, 

U  JAUSa  or  HADRUS  (lUC-irit),  Dow- 


ry (prlotal,  1M».         [III.  t»1 
tlOUUCK,  Sm  JOHK  ROSB  (I81t-18BI),  pfairidu ; 
1{.S.  Bdlnbnrgb,  18)7;  H-D.  tmlTcnltjol  FiMMCUTO: 

CijilidintD  BdlBboigh  laflrmaiT.  b  IWH ;  pragtUkiDj 
London,  1M7>M.  mid  in  Fuii,  18U-8I 1  knlfbWd, 
1879 :  wrote  on  owllal  aDbleclL  [HI.  BI] 

OOSnZUST,  Tiocamrr  (1710-I7U).     [fin   Htdi, 

OOBXXLIU,  LU0AB(1tM-1U>r), mints;  mul 
pnpU  of  Cornells  Engelbrechtuo,  >  L^rdni  utlst :  oaDld 
alffo  PE  EoK,  u  MnB  a  cc»k ;  pBJnttd  In  oil  and  dl» 
Innpcr  1  omia  lo  London,  c.  1617 ;  itwlynig  for  UpaOJ 
wool  at  Farcaia.  ltl6-47.  [ilL  B>] 

OOBKXLtUS  1  SAKDn  rATSICHO  {Jl.  UMI). 
[See  Uahort,  Consoa.  Oukheliub,  or  OovRAKTm,] 

OOUnLIUS,  JOHK  (1M7-1IM).  imM;  «<  liU 
deKent ;  lellov  of  BiiRer  tialli«a,  Oxioid,  It75-S ;  witk- 

*"*  '     '  rxlLM»l 

OORXXLYB.  THBRBSA  (17M-17W),  br"" 

ail  IniBr:  daogliler  ol  an  ai"        ^-  -   -■  ■■ 
rled  Pompeatl,  a  -■--—--   -* 


[bated  mpen.  obMj 
ilwologloal   ioanal% 


on  Soothinrk   antlqnltlM,  b 

i8»-eo. 

OOKXEK,  JOHN  (A  1788-18MX  -_ 

•PannlUotOeM>ratAlPilntcn,'1818.  [xtUIM] 

OOBBSX,  JDLIA(17ae-M7IX "Titer lortt»70oa«; 
pnbtlahad  educstlooal  worla,  iMIai.  and  plan. 

TBoppL  IL  U1 
(1M0?-Itnt). 


ODBaZTO.     ADRIAN    DI     < 


[*. 


,0.] 
OOamWALL,  CHARLES  (1M»-1718)-  Tl(»adml 


171«-17:    __.  ._ — 

Cape  Ptuaro,  1718 :  died  aC  Uibon.  [lU.  MS] 

OOSKXTALL,  FOI-LIOTT  HKHBBBT  WALKEB. 
(1784-1811),  biihop  of  Woneftet:  UJL.  St.  Jolm'i  Col- 
If^e.  Canatvtdge,  1780;  chaplain  to  Hcnaeof  Oommndv 


OOMTBY,  BOLTON  (lTB«-1S70).critlo: 


lUI-S,  and  Uiealii;laal  Ui 

OOIUUO  lUO  AXT,  il»  known  ai  Coi 
OmNK  and  Oduiao  Oi-rADA  (d.  Ko),  lilng  ol 
pnonnd  tbe  mnider  of  Lnirald  Mac  Con.  3i; 
Fngna  Ihiblideaduta,  118,  and  to  became  Icl 
freqaentlj  at  war  wltb  tiie  trtbal  cblefe ;  onoe  a 
Scotland ;  Lnbndnced  tlie  flnt  water-mill  Into 
abdicated.  SH :  eompoeed  laara  In  ntiremeiit  a 
near  ^ra ;  lald  to  bave  become  a  Chtiattan  ;  1 
Rcnarigh.  ix 

COUUO,  PRESS YTBR  («Ui  oenl.)    [Bee  0> 

OaBXU<BM-g08),ldllgolCB>tiel;nDofOii ,_ ._.   „ 

chief  t>iihap  in  LelbKo^l  became  Unj:  ol  Oadwl,  800 ;  |  InpaUtianlu  a  tcadon  d 


tlie  Bayeni  tapntrj,  IBM:  orlUatM 

CoriodUeiof  Literatnte.'lU7,andtl]B'a<ae. 
Biognpblcxl  DlcUonUT  *  of  Hogh  Jams  Roae,  I8N ; 


if  King  John'i  derki;  aa 
nclor  of  MaldMoF,  IMt  - 
fntry  and  Llcbfldd,l»e: 


OORltWALLU,  OBAltLES,  unond  KARqun  Oou- 

.iU4B(l7T4-iait),  ODllTBDOf  Chirl(iOoni>nULl.ant 

dukidU  [q.  T.] ;    ityLnd  ViHouot  Bimu ;   itj'lHl  Kul 

'WnmllU  mTUt  AugTitC  17M ;  luomdcd  u  MCDDd  nu- 

!•,  18M.  [Hi.  Ml] 

ODXirWALLIS.     7KRDERICK    (iriHTSl),    ifeh- 

r    jmwtia  <i?iii.i«mi   ~,..~...<~^m  ii      ""^"P  "'  CwilBiburj  :  yoiuwBr  nn  or  Ohurl™.  loorOi 

-  i^  JOegPH  (ITIO-ia«>,  pocooQfamUrt  dl-     Bsron    Ooni«Ui.;   alucsWl   .t   Klon;   B-A.   Ohrirt-. 

ud  -^  aiBiiuIiaiultT,  I7W.  [ill.  ISU]        hoipllalllj  it  Lunbeth ;  publlibcd  four  aermon*. 

1— ■!■■     Bib  UXUBL  (d.   ITTOX  Tl«-idmlnl:  1  [ilL  »1] 

Saitaaat,  ITM:  aHnd  Kt  diHicBiii,  1741.  und  in  Uh  OOSjCWALLII.  JAMS8.  foarth  Sarl  (XiR-nrALua 

"  ~~  "1-4:  naHUJmlnl,  LTBt ;  tank  Uuilli     (I'43-lBt4),   blihop  ;  third  nn  of  Ctiula,   Sne  girl 

S  lT6»i  riOfr^dintiml,  October  1781;     Oom*»Ut«  ;  (dooitBt  al   Btoa;   BX   Ohrtat  Cliiiroh, 
[»1LM11      '  Oiford,  1741;  taUowof  Mnrtoo;  >LA_  IJM;  ■  plmlin 
W»TT    >....«.      ra_  D.™.»„    i«i-i«.        "wWf  laKmt,  17»S-«lr  D^.L,lTTl;dniiio(8»lHboI7. 

ui.    i^-iTjS.^Si'i  ■  ■^^''-     of  Windior,  ITSl^daidof  Durh.m.  l?M:ni«»lHl« 

IIU ,  Jobs,  Ult-ltU.]  ,o„,^  g„l  CornimllU.  laia ;  pabUibcd  (iTe  KTiDOfii. 

WBVWALL,  HiKBY  (1T87-1874).    [a«  Pboctib,  „     .  ,  „  [xlL  f4»J 

KtuWuiA.]  OOUrWALLIS,    JANB.  Ladt  Oorkwilui  (IMl- 

ODBSWUL.  CHABLB   WOLFIIAN  <17«-1JB.).     '"•?>  •*-''-"^-' Lff^.:-!^  ".Sf  WJllUm  O—- 
DiUdBB:   adcuxtel   it   Wlndwla :   barritln,  Oni'i 
1h-,  lLP.lH8-a»;ip>BkErol  th>H«»  of  Ooduhoiu.     j 
IWH.  [ilL  1»»1      I 

OOMW*II,moniTo»(H«-miX  [9»H=.Br.]  '  „„S^*VS^H^%JffcS.''*knSS'»^'''«'t 
L,  JOHN<irOf.llTD).    [BnloH^,]  ii«alnil  Uie  Norfolk lnu««Dli.  1M» ;  iberlfl  ot  Norfolk 


OOUWALLIB,  OABOUNB  rRAXOBS  (1788-18M),    TM.^—uo'Siirt^Sfai^SiSrM.  Lnl^ 

SSVpSSSoSSSS^^-JiS-lsS^ofSS^^S     c™ilirt««forW»lo(«rTbo™.l^JCmr: 


crs, 


CRMM.)M>':  ™Sbu£d  to  locmid.  :  b«     S5S.1o°S^^bS?SI^^  tS 
■''**^  ^*^  '^"-  "*J      I  y.P.,  Suffolk,  iwa ;  ™iholia  rtm«nt.  ini.  hij 

OOBSWAIXIB.  THOUAS  (1U3-1TI1),  wwiBiMaiw 

valUi:  edocaUdiitEuDbniW^  1B7«  ;olIlaRLnttwgauili; 
'——•—-'■ — .— —  .-"-  [jiiL  J44] 


of  India ;  aducated  at  Xbn ;  (Mad  Tinouiit  BnoH  from 

JQa•lT*t-«l:alrigIl.l7H;■ill^d»<u)ptl]tb•lUrqllU  ' 

•MOnBtgrlDOfnuia,  irtS-S:  UT^  1790:  Uentaiant-  i-  .. 

'•'~-'  "tl;  wmaiaatnDMaj.mi-i-.mo-miein  lMB-87,  taking  part  In  eta  «.  .      .      ._, 

rt  ConinlUi,  ITM ;  aetal  with  Ilia  whig  pean,  Kitla.  I'W.  »nl  Domini™.  1783 ;  commandat-io-ehlE 

onMaMeoI  tbaTower,17;i>-g<,aiidl7M-ieu(:  Eat  I"^  watiu,  17^1»  :^w-adnln^  IWl ;   t 

a,  1T7«':  giTm  oomnund  of  Ita  nHTT*  dlrl-  a  gnat  PreiKb  fleet.  ITH ;  qnamlled  with  tbt  admlralt7. 

"       ■  jjaoled  Philnddbhla.  WM ;  admiral,  17»» ;  oonilnaiiiiBd  Cbsnad  flant,  IWl  and 

.1" — .„  „..*r^    iBon:  a.c.B,i8i»,  [xiLH4: 

OOBHTSBBE,  WILLIAM  (if.  1M4T).  duuldan; 
moDbet  ctf  tbs  Cliapd  Bofti,  14U,  aol  manra  ot  tta 
flhapd  ehUdm,  lW»-tl :  oombcaed  mnalc  lor,  and  actol 

. . •— Henry  VII  and  HonrrVIU;  Impri- 

■  ■'     -  -  ■      --tot-on [q.T.). 
loriitenMUie 


OOBPKI  OSOKK,  Us.  Oorpre  Uh 
MM);  oontnwd  In  tin  •XM.njjilogJ  of 
Oorpn  Omnuo.  an  IrUh  priDcg  {/I.  MU) : 


ol  Dedfl:  h 

[XIL  I4»] 


■*  IfcMaVire.  IWI :  Jrftitad  Tlppoa ._ 

[M ;  HI  badt  on  Bugaton ;   Innatad  SeringuatwD, 


ANTOSIO     na    (1»»T-1»1>      [Sn 

TK  annlntment :  ai^  Oonao.l 

U«f  bl  Irebnd,  17*8; 

■    -  -  "— I,  DOMBSIOO  (lT4«-18MXinn^dan;  nwiUx* 

.-, .„ .V  ~ .™atRonie,lJM;  papll  nl  Porpor*  at  NapKa, 

eafttoW^  !«•:  mpportal  OaMJmach  in  canjlng  tba  IMM;  oonduolor  of  ooocena  in  Edinburgh.  Ungln^- 

Kl«(aBiool)TliribaT,im.iaoO;  nalgiud offloe,  1801, In  iiiBMer,uiil(lnpaniienhlpwltta  NitalrOom.hiibroUn) 

wwauBwm  m  thmng^  nftaal  to  giant  Mtbifllc  eiMi-  morio  pnbllitar.  1771-a7i  jmbllibal  scottlth  KodEneliih 

idfUiM;  necottatad  tte  anfanuraUt  tnaHol  Amleiu,  iaiiBa,'Oonntr7Daucca.' im.'Anot  FiDgeruig,'a'Mial- 

IKn-« :  nt  to  India  to  try  to  ooDclode  *  laMing  pnce  oalbliMDnaiy.- IfW.aDd'Hnccr'i  Pnceplor.' ISIO:  pin- 

,rtUift«ii.ti»power«,lBO»;  took conunaiid  at  CUcutta,  duMd  tn-o  •ucGoabll  opera*,  1774  and  18W  ,■  Inaana  io 

l«»,bBt4Mttienaie>srata»ail|>0Cb       [kU.  9M]  latailUe.  (*■''"*'] 


Ill  OoUrv'.  OtmtiMKC  IB 


OOXXIOUr,  Sm  DOStlXIO  JOHN  ( 
pliTiiirlan  ;  horn  In  Dublin:  M.D.  BUnhu 
jicqulml  tbr  lioAiiv!  pnnicv 


l:  pnblliiliEilinallcia  IncU 
[ilL  «SJ 


OOHRO.  ANTONIO  nit,  otherwise  Cniuusm 
Bkli.iqii\-e  <in7-lt«I},  UMoloitlBni  torn  ueniUi-:  ■ 
BrHiiliih  iDonh;  oAopted  proteidiDtlxm.  lU/;  rt^Mal  In 
rmn«  HJid  FlAiidHnt  lfiaS-A8;  doctar  of  m  fore^tn 
QDivBfilt;;  come  to  Lonlon.  HAS:  t>y  Cedl'i  Infliienn, 
-wu  puior  at  (In-  SpanMi  anvtnmUon.  Loodcm,  ItSft-IU, 

I.   IMfi;   mocn^al   of 
■.IMT-n;  conpUal 

OORST,   RBKRT  THOUAB  LOWRY  (ieOI-18T3X 
polltiolxn :  mniiil  ion  ot  Bomimt  Oorrj.  Moond  url  of 

Bdmon;  B.A.  OlirtitChorol]  " '--■ ~ 

1«M-H:  iunior  lonl.  IWl-S, 

OOKXT,   ISAAC  <17tt-1III)>. 


U.P.  Tyroot 


ih  politician : 


OORKT,  JOHN  (/.  IBIS),  topogmpbiT :  joannlliit  li 
Dublin,  unit.  I'tl,  In  Londou :  publliliHl.  I781-I8>l 
TLTiw.  Inlw.  md  mmiDini,  wkU  iaiO-J(.blHOfiM  of  Uiw 
poaU  HriiV)!.  Unoclsllckl.  nnl  l^nnulilre.       [lU.  IM] 

O0SBEB,TBOMA9(ir>l-IBT«kblblu«niph«':  rio- 

wM  M  UuKlwncr  i --•— ■    '"■"'  '~-    "  ■ 

BBlUiilODll«l,Ditord, 


OORTTIB.   JOASSES  (/I.  1 


1-IW4),  pAlnb 


ilu  iDdode  Bltfaop  Klrbnrd  Poi  (ifm  im)  ondtlv 
IntHs  Marj,  IM*.  [ilL  SIS] 

OO&T.  ISAAC  TBSBTOS  (1BM-1SUX  adHdUnmi 
lU!T:ld]owal  OhIoi OoUwe, CkmbiMg* ;  HA^ISH. 

oosY.  wiLLUH  lossaas  (isn-ien),  pM  ud 

-■—It Rum:  »n  of  Cbuta  jAnmm  of  Tan1ii(taD ; 
■     "  "-  i  KIng'i  OoUive,  Ounbridge :   won 

"-  -■■-•^  -orm,  IMS ;  f*Hon,  ISU-Tt ; 
It  Rlon,  1S«-T»;  iiMiini«l 
nunc  a(  Onr  and  rHlnd  from  fellomblp  &nd  mui 
IWI;    pab^dwd    nlut--' — '     ------     --■■- 


Wln=l»B*Ti    Wlow  of  Srw  Coll«»»,  Oitonl,  li 


M.A..1K9;  ncloraf  OilnnitR.!)mientt,  tD70-I«or;  | 
hmdatj  ot  Vnrt  16M;  mot*  (optH  of  Latin  tii» 
tlir  noblllly.  (ilL  IW 

OORTATX.  THOMAS  (1*77  T-ISIT),  tn 
Gewire  OoryBt4  [q.  r.] :  ""t™!  OlDaa^to-  .. 

lEH:  ■  bDtfooa  at  coort:  o(  rriaecBHUT^  bt 

tmnUal,  nalnlr  on   tone,  Umragli  Fmtoa  to  Tadsc 


,  ■OaiTBU  Onmbe'  ai 
1 1 :  TMtcd  OonitnntlDopla  (UI3).  Aria  mnor.  Grrc. 

A  Eiypt :  tnTdlal  ttaronEh  PaleRtiK,  H^gpoWiiua. 


I«N);  ILFnlMOi 
Long  parilam^t, 
enplonneila  lor  oalpnotisa. 

OOSBT.  ALKXAN] 
ol  Fnndi  OoabT  [ig.T.] 


(/.1H0),io1dl«: 


OTB  Scotia:  i 


111  Fljuidcni,  Itsl. 


1HT:  klUBl  In  tntUc 
OOBXT,    Bu 

(irta-isn).  itanwi 

of  Oberla,  ITH : 

bnoiDlnc  UeoteDt. 
nawlb  of  Amot'i  i 

All.  uao:  ln™lldr  _        .  .        _        .        . 

lalla,  ITM:  Uentenuit'EenRBl,  1811.  (idLSCt) 

OOSST,   PHILLIPS  (irrj^-llW).  admiral:  born  In 

utlon.  i;7B-8l :  b<U 
"[iriu  JSIl  ■ 
(/.  ItUI.  Tlce-clan- 
etiior  Di  uamonnB* ;  u  ji.  nuwii  riall,  CamlirldBr,  lUt ; 
felloir:  MA..  1M1 ;  Ticarof  Urcvdon,  Narthamptouablf^ 
IDM-41:  Irflow  of  Trinity  Oollnte.  OambrtdgB.  IM*: 
BJ),.1MT:  a  nCRine  nitholtc:  master  ofBt-OathailBrt 
HaU :  pMnilin  In  KarfDlk  mvl  (UM.^}  rfan^uotfcr 
ol,  C^ambTltl^ :  real^iwl  bLe  pivfcnpnita.  1040 :  biM 
abioid,  ISM.  [HL IH] 

OOmr.  JOtCi  (1>H-1*'9).  IhiXop  at  Dmtiun  :  Mtov 
of  Cbia  GdUbrc,  OambrtdiR:  olianlaln  to  OnaD.  bialn 
of  LMilMd ;  trimi  of  Ijind  asd  BMiaid  MaatMM: 
praboiaaiT  of  DarhHii,  1«M,  uohdcaoon  ef  tbe  IM 
BUInc,  »H.aadrMlor  oIEltrtokaBd  BiMMnMli,  Da- 


U  OOTTEKEOX 

OOTU.   ROaSB  (l«ai-1Tl«X  natboiMUdU!  rio- 

enUd  It  at.  Piol't  Bcbcol:  liiiov  of  TrlsK;  CUIefc. 
udfcTRcncnlDbarlV:  nabUiliBl ■HMorr of  tbeCUon  OBmbrtdge. ITOt :  M^^not:  FUimiu pcnfmor of  uti«- 
a(9eripMif<k-IMT:hUallB0MdirerkipatiUilial,lMI-U,  mmy,  1T(K;  hriptd  Hewum  In  the  iriHnc  of  tbe'Prin- 
«ni  Ml  nmiiinnflrm-n,  innll  Tit  [xU.  »1]        clpti.'  iroS-U:  F.H^_  1711;  pgbKtbsl  >  LogDmarla,'  ■ 

oonjrBiOHAii»(iM"?-it9T).oiTUi.n:  i«u™o(    iS'^Ai^""i(rhi.'Si?ttiS«fcS^™Swii'ta£ 

TMbKT  CbO^b  OunbTfdga:  LLJ>^  1*80:  dsn  of  Uie     iTriild  [ria  ud  hlaoontnionlflwc.  IML     [itL  )ai1 

fiiLini  OOTEB,  samurl   ci7m-i8ib>, 

mf «  H»7V      ''^'"   '■'  '''•  ''™""'-  '^     ■     " 


OMPAXKIO,  Rabl  or  ll0BTH[n£BEBi.u(i 
[gBQaviTmic.] 

MU,  KHAMtra.  ireiiDBS  "AtinT-iniV 


:  FJLS.  ITIT-U: 


CWU,  Sir  lUCHAEL(l810-18UX«iiniMMT:  Don 
nd  tals^  u  Nftpln:  comimd  f«  lUUu  ttaatro,  ; 
US-*:  aiii)ii]iaduUMKliw^Tbntra,Laiiaoa,inO-««. 

i^umtagtlm  ontKKn.  IBli,  ud  — ' " —  --■— - 

MdtwBnjpiu,lgH-M;  dinctwi 


le  iDoorponCfld  Boetoiy  ol 

COia&ATt,  JOSH  <jl.  ItUX  «"'>«  of  'Tbe  Bng- 
... _.  Di»in«UekPoei«»,'»iiil-Vrifi 


InUrrmlfT/ 1 


OOIOBATZ,  RUIDLB  (d. 


}^?"i^  iS.;^  'i!;i:S^%,^«^'S'K^"^ '  y»rUS  iwi4;  ^ZSf  ^^tTTSTSlSS-: 

S '.'  V  .•.i^J^iir^  ??!r?^.  r^.  TTu       r. . ,  .ff^?:.  '  ""bBi  Plata  of  bolV^*  and  uitlqaltiHi,  cbtdir  In  Soi^ 

r  Is  Elnc^ 


e,  OiAird:  If^^  irU; 


,    DUDLSr  (l«ai-lSU>,   SodnulM:  of 

a:  owigii,  IMl;  nktiooBil  U  Bennndi, 

ItH  I.    eonlit  al  UlimiliiBtad  muoKilpte  ai  Faht; 
id  In  lama,  Ittt-S:  tondgn  oornanmdsDt  ol  Iflndon 
■  -  "«  toe  piriodlcmta:  pHwloBrt,  '""  -  — ■■ 


AntlqaltlH  it   NormuidJ.'  L — .. 

■nln  la  Laadon,  I8U-t>:   dnwlni-m 
Ooli««,  LoBdon,  IBM-U. 


bHomricb, » 

OonUV,  MTLaSBDVOND  (181»-18i8X  liudioip*- 
MlnUr  ud  Rcbn :  <ddtM  Mm  of  John  f^l  Ootmui  [q.  v.] : 

c  IBU ;  nhlUted  rtnr  uid  ts  Tiewn  Is  oU-  and  nta 
ooloan,  18W-H.  [ilU  W«] 

OOTM  or  OOITET,  JOHU  (IWII-ISW!),  phjrt- 
dau:  Bbolar  of  Trinity  OoUig*.  Cambridn  UM-t; 
UA.  Oorpoa  OhfUU  OolMge,  CambrtdBa.  IWT :  11  J).  lU) : 

EncUred  medlefM  In  KocUianipMa.  It 
>lud-DlHOTa1aof ...  InwnntPnc.- 
I  1811, 'Ths  Tiiiili  at  WltiEpBtt,' !«•,  ai 


(irn-lSTO),  arti 
■  U.T.]:  mbilatui 


,., latUr^alBonlDKoe:  i 

>SpedBMd*of  UwBarly  Poetr7  I 
at  tnnl,  IMO-O,  noTdB.  and 
[»ii,S77] 


OOTTXSHAK,  Kari,  riF  (ITBl-lStl).     [3«  PR 

OOTTZS.  OEOROK  8A0KVILI.B  (ITH-IMU  tr 
alor :  edacatad  at  WurtjninatH  School,  and,  1111,  Pi 
jooae,  Cainbncl^;   MA^  1' 


mnS^aJtopi™    I       OOTTIE,  PATHICK  (ITai' 

CHARLHSasil- 


[xlL  ITS] 

flOWAT,    BIOBABD    (17M~1SI11    painter;    art 
'  3Ddan :  diBvlnfT'iuatv ;  d«lvner  of  inufl- 


^ililbltal  hlnvdf  In  Great 

(UmsKtlvai 

[.tLlMJ 


;  tUnii  BttlK  H«ri»  to  Kliabel 
aemlK.  UM-4;  »ecr(1nrj-  to  Umrj,  duks 
eU-M'  nwKT  of  the  wremonlca,  [HfO-t 
HairU,   167U-M  :    U.P. 


Spiritual  Teat,'  a . 
OOTTERELL, 

i;iO),™iirt1n-;io 
Trinity  Collem. 


lai  IMi:  dcBlv  In  oU  pictni 

miiiial  u  pcnnlt-palBUr  In  oU  •<«  .^u...^.^ .  . 
himgUa  of  tli*  prliio*  nnit:  bl>  an  ocdlectlon  i»td. 
m-  a  but  nldme  of  Ui  dolfni  pabllibcd  by  bin 
■Uoo,  noiaoe,  IBM.  l^H  t1»i 

OOnnaaK    or    OOSOWABTH.    JIIOBAEL    (/.  i  Ueorgcot 
lHI)  ililial  Tn--f'*~'''  patmi:  or  Oomiib  f  — "- 
B,A.tt.  JohtfaOoa^cOaoibrider,  lUO.         [ilL 
OOm,  FKANOIB  (ITUt-lTTO),  portnlt-palt 


blitones,  and   "Tbe 


Cbarin  Ootunll  [g. 
rnmhrldfre:  milKbted,  ISST: 
ae«-17IU;  publiihrd  memoir 


DOTTSRELL.  ^ 


[iU.*81] 


otBlpObBriM  LocioiflokCotlmlUil. '.i;^ilBbt«d.mC': 

iham,  OifOMriilK. 

[»H.»11 


OOTTERSHHj 


D.D,  Oifoid,  i;sg ;  ] 


[ilL  »1]         Lnolui, 


tigned  ncU>ri«  i 


>tWiilp(il«,NaT(olk,lM«:Tlouaf  UlUs-  , 
DUTf,  HKi,  imI  ;  T«oU>r  Of  St.  Mkrtln's,  Ludnta,  lies, 
but  withdrew  to  tbB  oodtlneDt ;  diel  it  Fimnknirt ;  pat> 
Uihcd  tbecdo^od  uiddeToUoi^  tnol^  lUS-AA, 


barlaqna  o(  Tlrrll,  IM^  ud  el 
iiIbUohi  rram  U»  PnDdi.  i«eT-T4 ; 
>uHu  iinuiur  Dj  -  ib«  Oomp]«t«  OiMnatcr/  IC74:  pob- 
Ixd  '  The  PUntcr^  Hwiniil '  el  tndC'Cne^  lart,  ■ 
inDd  jKrt '  or  Waltod'i ■  OompMe  Angter,'  UTC'Tba 
iDdenalll»P«k,'leei,iiiid>stiuidiird  truulatUn  cf 
iDUl|tiie'i'BaaiT>i'iest:  blspoeiii>ad]Mtad.l«8I,a^ 
iwofto,  IJll.  [ill.*Ml 

OOTTOX,    Bin    0HARLB9    (17M-I811),    •dalnl; 


OOTTIKOBAK,    LBWia  KO0KALI2   (ITST- 
Arehltoat;  baUda'B  apprenUce  mX  Jpiwich;  iiroblt^ 
Lotldoo,  lfll4;  mnabemplOT^ia  ratontdoDCpf  cbtinHflj 
pobUitaid  dnwluci  of  Wcstmliuter  Abbey  ud  H»U.  wd 
otbsr  uohKectuTnl  tnntlsai.  [iU.ni] 

oormiaBAM,  mockalls  johnson  (tBU-isHi, 

■nbltcct:  eldersHiof  LewUNock>UiOi>tUiigbui[q.>.]; 

dlOVDXl  Bt  HB.  [III.  IM] 

OOmKOTOS.  FBANOia,  BiwM  Oom-iQniH 
(IHS?-l«M),dlplonBtlU;  itUobcd  toSkrOhulM  Oara- 
—"•■-  — ' 1  Madrid,  l«Ot-«:   BitfUb  •gent  U 


UihopotOilail.-. 
OUtamOuiilRUgt; 
head-muter  of  UarlbanBgh,  II 
Oalsneti^  lS»8i  Eounded  M&oli 

llnuieOuiKBa. 


(18IS-1MCX 

Watmlnita  aod  TrlniCT 
—  at  Ragtnr,  1817-M  ; 


OOTTOir, 


I.  IMS ;  prlTT  cODDdUaT,  UK : 

,-J*,  lM«-«i  ambawdDc  to  L, 

pews,  lUMl :  enatal  Bann  Oottliig4<iii,_lMl ;  a  Mdi; 

ir'elUH 

wtth  Uod.l«»-«  ■    ■ 

Lffnln, lots;  bout  Hanwort , . 

if  tbB  Tower.  IMO :  Mned  Obarln  I  at  Oxford,  IMt :  loid 
naurer,lM3;  <reDttoBoiieii,lM«:](iliKdPiliio>Obarici 
it tbe Hague.  IMS;  dniaaisaHU  !nan(imba«]r  to  Spain 
o  lalie  money  for  Frince  Obaclei,  IMS ;  embraced  RomaD 
■IfaalMim  and  aeltled  at  ValladoUd,  ISIl ;  died  at  Valla- 
Udld.  [lU.  laS] 

00TTIBF0SI)|IOHN  (d.  IMO!),  Tl«-«hui«llc 


[iU.M)]_ 

historian  :  i 

Ohrlit  Obnrflb.   uxrord.   IW7-1»^ 

ISM :  Hb-libradan  ot  tl»  BodMaii,  1 

OhrUt  Ohnrch,  DobUn,  ISn-n ;  titavr  ana  oi  uaaan, 

!«»■»:  bearae  blind  :  pablldiad  a  biblloBiaiitii  (U|»- 

ino)  of  tha  Saglitb  buk  isil,  and  a  UbUosnutai  of 

Etaillih  Roman  ottaoUc  TinlaiB,  ISftf,  •T^ponaaUoil 

Oaiettaer,'  ieH,'Faatl  Eockaln  Hlbemkn,-  IHt-^aal 

otber  sorka.  [lU.  XH] 

OOTTOS.  Sn  H8HRY  (ISIl-lBHX  iodn;  boo  of 
William  Oottoa  (1;m-IBM>  [q.  t.];  educated  at  Stan 
and  Obrlat  Obaroh.  Oifoid ;  BJu,  IMl ;  oaUed  to  tu 
at  Unofln'i  Inn,  IMtt ;  practlaed  In  eqoltj  courts ;  atand- 
ing  axait  to  Bank  of  Bogland ;  0.0,  UM  ;  atandmii 
connael   to   Oiford    Dalveraity,    1B7I;    appotnled  lord 

Jnrtlce  of  appeal,  iwora  priij  c '" ■"  •—•-^•-' 

I  1M7 ;  honorary  D.O  J-  Oifoid,  IB 


:  fellov  of  L 


Oiford;  B.A.  Oitord,  . 

IMM-IB,  and  recwr,  Isll-M ;  DJ>„ 
..rt^^A.  ..__.^..^.  -inpppjBi prtjtjBtii 


l«>T-» :  directed 
Tbomaa  Oarrvt  [i 
OilOnl  ocdlege,  Ifl 


;  preboulary  of  Llncioln,  Is 


[II1.W*] 

OOTTLS,  JOeXPH  (irTtKlBM),  aotbot :  bookidler  In 
BrlatAl.  ir>l-ll:  nwtOolaUgeaiidSoatbej.lTM-,  broogbt 
oat  Oolerldge'i  'Poemi'  and  Soathey'i  'Joan  of  An,' 
17««,  and  Ooltridgs  and  Woidawortfa'i '  Lrrioal  EaUad*,' 
ITW:  paMlabidnrMB  and  enara, ITK-lim,  and ' Boilj 
DaaoUoctlodi '  oI  Coleridge  anl  Boutb^,  ISST.  [lU.  M«] 

OOTTOV,  Sir  ARTHnRTH03iUS(18a9'lBn),  general, 
aad  Irrigation  engineer ;  atodled  at  Bart  India  Oomuuij^ 


ohwre,  Isn,  ot  IrrlaattOD  irorki  hi  Tanin^  vbioh  ha 
(natty  extended  andlmpnmd  by  aooatrmtlon  of  anient* 
-  ■* 1,  IBU-i:  con 


i;  BJ>„  UU: 


OOTTOV,  JOHN  (lUt-lWt),  DCtioonfRmlN  dirine 
11.  A.  TrlnltyOolinOambrtdge,  :*"-'-" ■" -■ 

OaU^<^  (.  IsOf;  later,  mTdeai 
Boiton,  LlDcotawtalra.  1«»;  t«.,.  ..  ,  ...  _._ 
dlniH  of  tbe  'cenmonlea,'  lEll,  bat  aabaaqnoitlr  m- 
dolaed  In  hia  nanconfonnity  wHh  Jama  Fa  aaaettou; 
took  theokigtoa]  papUi;  olted  for  noDCDofiJnnl^  by  hlgta 
'-  (noit,  1«8>,  nalMud  llTli«,  aod  Mlled  irtth 
»ker  [q.  t.]  and  othoa  tor  New  Kn^aad: 
•t  at  Trimoantaln,  the  IB '  —'■-•- ■ 

ooDtioTei^al  aod  exporttorr  tnaUBdu       [BappL  U-H] 

OOTTOH,  am  JOHN  {l«!l-170l),  eldnt  eaa  o(  Sb 
Tbomaa  Ootton  [q.  n.l ;  tiioseeded  ai  third  barooec,  UOi 
oaend  tfaeC«>ttODlaaLU)nirytothenaClaD,lTi)a. 

[rlt.  (141 
OOTTON.   Bm    JOHN  (1«T>~1731),     (Dooetfaif  Ui 
'OK,  Bm    JoBH,   mi-lrtil]    as 
□Bterred  the  Oottoolao  LIbnrrlD 
uottngdoiuhlre,  ITIL  CiU.  lit] 


giaod&thi 
bortbbar 


;  BDbatquently  pnfei 

«r,  tb*  oonMnioBon  c.     

.  out  bTMajorsenaatObanHOtTi  tnlgbitd,  I 
id  elaaa  KX}JS.L,  IBM  i  tetlrcd  from  gorem-  ! 


OOTTOV.  Sir  JOHN   (d.  irtJ),  ion   cf  Sir  Robert 
>)ttmi  In.  T,] :  (iith  and  last  banmet.              [ill.  tit) 
OOTTOV,  Sib  JOHS   HYSDB  (d,  ITM),   JaooUte; 
"  d  <171t)  Bi  louith  b         


;  ILP.,  ITOe-H ;  a 

[ilLSH] 


oomplled   'Hii 

Iao(l»l-a»eemtot._ 

■mal  knowtedgv^ 

OOTTOV,  OBARLGS  (IStO-lW?),  i 
■--    ■■■  ijtmvtitod;  - 


»bJ] 


OOTTOIT,    JOSBFH    <174t-iaig).   i 


bnither  of  the  Trinity  Howe,  17B8-I80*:  i.  _ _  _ 

the  KM  India  OompBDy,  ITSB-ISIS:  eompOed  UK«(7cit 
Trlnlt;  Hooae,  IBIS,  [xU.  IM] 


le  uilnm  at  St.  Albuo.  i;w-ag : 
n  eoOKMd  ud  pnbUilicd.  mi. 


OifKl,UW^:|HiblUHdnnnooii.'  [lilVlOTJ 

Omra.  BOBKBTOI.IJMJ).    [BeeOoWTO.^.] 


■   CMIm,  OmbildgB: 

, „_  _    BUiB,'  WcitBilnitBr.  imd 

iiJiMtii  ^uBnUM  aiiil  ooiiu  :  g*n  fno  dw  Df  till 


i;  MDtBElfl 

1  Ita  fMiAitlon,  l«Ol ; 
1%  knialiM  br  Jama  I, 
1^  idTUe  In  poUEoAlhln 
MBht  tITtte  klBsTenal^feaiiHHt,  1(11 :  ecaUtlnled  M 
h^^-HMonof  a«lu>l,'lHli  bniDBltwl nliubte 
^iBMCripti  b*  AiUmT  AruiI  [q.  T.l,  I«14 :  eontrlboinl 
to  Oh^b*!  >mBbi«h,'  IIU :  Inprinal  tar  trying  to 
•am  tte  But  K  tecBBKt  br  alloliig  daMi  o(  IMUii, 
UU-II :  norind  nlnaUs  |iiv<«  br  bniaaC  tnm  Cuu- 
*B,  UU:  1LP_  Old  Sunm,  leM.  anl  TbaUnd.  ISU, 
■*i«ililiil  liliimlf  to  BkFt  ndtfaa  tiMllMSHiIa^  pattjr : 
ofaQr  tJbmted  by  Olauli*  I  in  mHcqaaue,  ICH  ;  mote 
•CilB^  Mui^  tliB  DoinHs.  1»H;  pabllabBd  pbllUciil 
Irir^.  ■  HMBiT  (i<  UOUT  lu,'  laJ.tna'Dmgao  wherrin 
UiElBfdvn^nr  ituidctta.'  1«8;  ICP^Outls  Bia!i«, 
>«»«,  artlEe  ttamof boot  *lth  BUM  ;  cxotiulnl  In  coax- 
iIDnMlteaUalllmnliroriaot  Obitrla  1.  ISN-ll: 
llftcni  br  b^  prinlBd  pa 


OOTTOV.  ROGER  (.;!.  ItMX  poet:  draper  In  Lon- 
tai:pabllibed  i  dtToOoual  t»ct  mtltltd'A.  DIifcUdu 
«Ue  Wktsi  of  L^,'  IMO^  inl  fa  iKiotURUl  pouiu. 
'in  UnuTcf  Pnok.'  >Dd ' A SplclliuU  3Hift.'  I'M. 

[iil.»16} 

OonOB.  8[R  ST.  VINCEKT  <1S01-19CS).  mtth 
huoDct  a(  llidiii)(lfj.  Cunbrldseahln :  elitat  »ii  of  Sir 
CMaOoWan  {q.  t.];  slnfmterl  mt  WntmliistR  School 

UH:  plajcd  cricket,  lS30-t:  piUlm  ol  sport  ;  gsmbled 
Hfej  ui  9tBta ;  loftdv  B  ILrin^  by  driTiug'  the  »ta4(e 
UcbtMiTHO  LoDdoniuii  Bri«blaiL  (ill.  316] 

Wmm,  Ba  STAPLETON,  Tiwouit  OoHRKn- 
mon^intXfiiU-iiMttbil;  It  Watminiter  Bcbool. 
M-t;  ;«— ti-nt'  of  loot,  17H:  Uwtaant-oolDnd  dC 
t<«,  ITM:  lemd  In  Fludm,  ITSl-t,  BtCinTDu'ii, 
"~      '       ■    -—     ooSi^im^nlarwdM^n^lBnil, 

.^_ 180*1    M.F,  Mewwk.    I§0t-I4: 

A  nnttj  OlTUna  In  hulnmlii,  ItKW-lI ;  bu> 


ini,iad  aalBn  Tlppoo  SB 
•9  II^MWhT  OItUi 


rettid  Saran  OBUibwiiwe  nod  peo- 

, .  ider)  tbt  >lUitl  aniij  In  Franoe. 

llU-ll:fDmHir<ilBut»doi.l»lT'IO      - 
dMlalRtud.int->:BtMnl,intlMm)BniH 
b  bdtt.  Ult-3D :  aiplian]  Bbortpon.  IBM :  01 
■^  " — ' tre,  isa : •-■  • —  ■■'  ■  ■ 


"■'■y  i»l  imj-T  gnrriil.  Ttf-"'  M'n^"niiTi1r'iiT"'i  lUtH: 


OOUBATER 


IT  ot  CbclKt  Hospital,  ISn :  < 


-W;  Uliliop  ul  Ijieto-,   ine-iui :  ' 

JIlTirton,  Dcvoialiire,  1(00-11;  oppi 
t«H.W 
ITHH-ISH),    pbOantliniilit ; 


.  V.  ] :  Dum^Tw  parb»r  of  u. 
-3h  ;  mltlHi  at  LfljtoiuioDe, 
(link  ol  Knaland,  IStl-U; 
L-lKlilnc-inaolilDe,  1844;  on- 


OOTTOX.  W1IJ,1AM 
iblnl  BOD  of  JoHpb  Uvtuta 
UdkIioum  mpo-tncUir).  in 

InienlDr  of  the  •gfcrelBii 

im,  *"'       "  " 

OORDH,  WIl^lA.M 

Eton  and  ChrlatChurcli.UilaM:  B^  IBH':  bddUiliiK 
c<  Frodebam,  OlMUra,  |g)7 UU  dsth;  antncmarr  at 
Ajriafian  Boele^.  [SappZ.  IL  «r] 

oornnr,  sw  wiLLODoHiiT  (ITsi-imox  e«Bai : 

riaBalal  at  Bogby;   — '—    ■'"■    "^ .-.~.  . 

PniinsiUii,l«0»-u'iiiia  inl3-li;il'  , -.-   . 

ferved  In  Bdnoah.  IMA-A;  K.(^H.  and  maJur-ReiKTml^ 
IWU;  t'ovemoTDf  Jaoisloa,  IHII'-M:  ocnnDiaiidid  a lUti- 
he  Afubati  war,  ISU-V ;  liBiteQBiit.(ie]ia-al.  1&4]  ; 


(h  Klsliffl,-  l»au-l,  •  HWorj  of  PolpBno,'  and 


OOUOES,  V 


a,lTig:d 


OODXBOII,  ^ALTBH  (t?94;-IMax  ioomaUn  and 
lawi  er ;  a  Dornlshniiin  :  ainiijiueiuli  lo  Jereniy  Bentham  : 

vejHUfCf ;  ooun«i  lor  tbe  bouiiiofliM;  fiteodol  Cbarla 
lAmb  uxl  L«eb  Hiuil-  [ilL  t»] 

COULSON,  WILLIAU  (IBOt-lBTT),  •uigeDO',  n>t- 
Beoa's  nppicnlioe  al  Feuiuics;  etudled  migerj  In  Lon- 
don and.  18M-fl.  Berlin;  on  tl.e  itatf  ol  tbe  'IjinnBl,' 

iwnlM  lurt^TfiuolSt.  MBfj-'iHoBpltHl,  EKldlDgWn;  pub^ 
IViltod  Burgial  IrnUaa,  lsU-i4  ;  ooutilbnted  to  pmt«- 
rtonJiouroal..  [iIlSw] 

OOBLTOK.  DAVID  TREVES  A  (ISIO-IWT),  jonrnal- 
iat;  coidootcd  the  '  llritanula '  neviipaper,  lUt-CO,  and 
tbe  ■  Prw,'  laM-T ;  pabliilnl  a  nard,  18U,  and  an  ■  In- 
qulTT  into  tlw  AutboTflhip  of  ttie  Letters  otjanlm.' 

[.ILMT] 
ODVrXB.  [Hcc  alio  CtiDi'iai  and  CowPKH.] 
O0U7KK,  HUBERT  (irH>-IMB;.autlH)r;  atudcnt  at 
GlaiROff,  1T60;  tutor  In  Viruiiila;  rmdloal  itaduiit  In 
Ola^ow.  me;  M.D.:  molicil  piacUtiontr  In  Wlglon- 
>hlnaDd,i;8S-lllulI,at  FocbAbtniBanKsbire:  publUbgd 
'  Poeliy.  obiefly  in  the  SootUsb  Language,'  IBOt. 

OOHPEKIE.  ALGKUT  ETIEN'NE  JEAN  ^PTIStE 
TBBBlEJlTiKUl./.lsWI-    [BwTBiniKN.] 

oomiAXEX,  piEitTiB  KitAN-gois  ui  (i«e]-i77s), 

FroKh  divine  i  born  al  Hnii.n  ;  joinid  tlie  tralemltrof 
St.  OeneTlAn.':  appdUut  iixiiinrt  tUv  bull  '  Uulgniltoa,' 
1711;    conajKurttd    villi   ArrhWihop  Waiie,  1711-1: 


OOiniTElNAT 


the  validity  ol  Aoglicsn 


OOUm,  JOHS  HE  <<<.  I318IX  

■mat  to  InUod  wUli  WUllui  I'tuAlddm,  amn  ii  > 
UlsUtcr,  11T« :  MlBd  Dawnpunok,  1177 :  atUi  Bve  ysn' 
figbtlag,  nibdual  UIaiUj  Ci&  Dowd  and  Antrim)  i  mar- 
dad,  tlEn,  ASnoi,  •  dangbta:  tf  ibe  Ung  nl  Mui :  '  |db- 
Ucku '  of  iRluid  Itom  lUi :  mntlils  Riengal  llie  miu:- 
dir  bI  bii  braUn  Jonlu  bf  ■  nUin.  U9> :  ontUwaliD 
Inland  bj  miiiua  da  Uc;,  Klw  Jalm'i  □«°Er,  HOu.aud 
lili  Bni^liib  oUts  tocfeltBl ;  iJdtd  by  UuKh  dc  Idfy. 
IM9 :  Uka  prlimin  hy  Hn^b  dc  Lacy.  Itu4 :  obbiliml 
bii  treedoui  bj  girlDg  ImtAgs;  witbdrew  to  Tyrtrat; 
■uboilltal.  aiul  recorend  bl>  ^oiOtb  isUte,  lajt ;  re- 
bdlai  on  Uutfh  de  LAoy^n  b^ug  graulul  liii  luodi  in 
Vliur.    ISM :    callccWd    ■  plnU    Hen   iui>l   ranged 

liur;  peiialaaed,  uid  lu  punoiul  attcudiD«  od  KIiu 
Jolm,  lllu-16.  [."■  MK] 

OOTOTXH,  Gin  PBTBH  (•!.  tSU}.  hudncl;  ii(  Al- 
(iiOuiueie[q.v,);  Giculcdbanuwl,  USL       UiL  Ut] 

OOHRTMI  or  OUXTBEn,  eiH  WH-HAM  (U7»- 
lCAa).mErct]&ut;9oii  of  m  LoDdoa  illk  moduui^  a  prote*- 

bki  (kibcT'H  buBioega ;  ntuniHlEaLoiidDii,lWO;|krtiivriii 


t  wty  lUpB  Indliif  irltb  ObUhi,  BoBtD, 
ludln;  Jailgtital,lUIi  ISBtUigs  luiw,  Dora  i 
Jamn  I  uid  Obulu  I ;  Dbtatnol  gnnia  of  I 
(diniTBej  bf  me  Df  bla  lUic  Id  XtMX  and  MUt 
Um,  lUt  uil  l«8i  bin  odIdoIiU  fonlblT  ui 
the  Hul  Dl  OulU^  lUI;  boogbc  Nortbuoi 
Mlato,  l«SB-39;  tnukdwIUi  tbe  But  bidlei; 
OUiu  iwoBblpt,  wbicb  «cn  loM.  [x 

OODKTEX.    1 


le  ol  ObuMoni 
jouri4ai  ton  younger  [q.  t.)  ;  iludlcd  ■( 
-edukil  Id  EbifJvid,  1603-70;  thai  to  cuCon; 

udoa.   law  Slid  lB7ri  llTed  sbmd,  ICiO 

KKimial  muBuim  iu  London,  1M4. 

COUBTUTAX.    [See  *]»  Oudktmct.] 
OOUITEKAT,    KDWAIU),   Emi.  OF    . 
^"■~^    raatol  euL,  and  graotal  liLTgB  dtat„  „ 
;  delendal  Bicter  agnluit  raUn  V 


bad  a  Hate  of 


devollonul  Inatise,  IMK  (priuwd,  lasi.  (lii.  3U) 

OOUXTEKAY,  OKHTUCDE,  UARrHi(i\&e<  or 
EXETUi  (d.  19M),  daoghtcr  of  WiUlaoi  Bloiiut,  fourtb 
bucon  Mountloj  [q.  i.] ;  wcopd  wile  of  Henry  Councnay, 
Durqali  of  Eiirter  [q,  T,]:  a  devout  Bosun  caUiollc; 

Ktroniaed  Bbiabelb  BwlOD  [q.   •-] ;   priBuer  In   tbe 
iwcr.  ItSd;   alUlutisl,  IMS;  bar  ■ttalnder  rerrrl^ 
laa :  lady-tn-wBLling  u  Qiueu  Uary,  [ill.  1137] 

DIA 

1 :  ooo 

<nibiTt,ltll 


OOITBTDIAT,  HENEY,  MlRumn  oi 
iHi.  or  DEVoKauiKB  (UM  i-liU).  no 
lUrtHiay  [q.  t.J  :  oouln  of  Henry  VT" 
■jlujuuldoinofDuvopihii    — 


ITS);  apoke  agaioR  Wurrva 

BbollUou  ol  ilavery ;  dLleuda 

llihcd  ceauya  and  vcm,  ins-ll 

COVKTEKAY,  PETEB  U 


biibap  (( 

tiU.'M71  ' 


\,   bUbop  of  Wln- 


__ _  BSJ,   bUhop  of 

tbe  PowilerbHO:.  Bovauahlrn,  funily :  at 

H77:  bi«boporilnit«( — '-■ 


oHKi 

__ira 

«rt<ai;oI 


^ 


RIOBARD  (d.  1419),  Udnp  o(  Hoi- 
ol  Fawiletlum,  Sannublre;  Hndlad  Id  raoUi  M 
:  dootDC  of  sItU  sod  canoa  law  1  inbeadaiTatBk 
lSM,Une(ilii,lui,~iuid  York,  l«lt:  pceontoial 
itBr,14D0!  dian  of  Bt.  Ajipta,  lUl ;  aiiiMia t 


AnbUnbop  Anuidd'a  Ittla  to  bold  a  metniiolUiaa  t. — 
UoD  of  OitordUalTaritv,  MalMgauMiKllianiaidBCkib- 
-  ..L ^jj^j  to  HeqiTV,  wboi  n 


[xlLSlO] 

OOTIBTMIAT,  THOMAS  PKBEOBIBg  (I^Sl-IS'l). 
olltlulun:  youn^frr  son  d1  Henry  Ueglnald  CourMiiar 
[|.  v.|;  M.IV  Totiiei.  IBIU-JI :  sucreury  in  Ok  India 
omnilMiaii,  IHl)-«a:  ricc-pretidint,  board  of  trade, 
U8-9U :  pubUilied  pampblEU.  18uH~t(J,  ■  OotnmniUrin  « 
bak«peuc-i  BiBtortcal  Pli;ra,'  lUO,  and  a  memoir  of  Sir 
rUllau  Temple,  less.  [ilLMt] 

OOUXTXirAT,  WILLIAM  (lUl  ?-1tM),  airdiblAep 


Henry  VIII,  Itll,  bat  I 


OOUUTEVlLIiB 


btmndf t :  rioatal  it  W«t 
Oitoi):  B.4,  IHJS:   "'" 


oorraTTTiLLX.  rai-hael  or  ra1?h  (J.  iVrs), 


. .. ,  -.- 1;  (dilel  D(brnta_. 

Ir  Bunte  KicDlu'i  pimsei.  [lii.  34BJ 

(XmTHO?P.  NAT&ANIEL  (d.  IBM),  BU-iapUin 

I  U»  But  Indl*  Compun; '  


L  KENTON 


I7S1-17WI),  UThitect;  carployeri 

lulgDol  tticbawud  bridge.  1T7<- 

Miij.  (lU.  318] 

OOVUV,  JOH?I  (1SM-I»m>.  luuM^nKniicr  ol  1»»1. 
•cipH  ^  pd^  of  Jotm  ficoU ;  amch  employed  ilb  b  b«ik' 
ainiaMar;  nignnd  lugelf  after  Tamer.       (il).  KB] 


trATBli  pmerral  Ln  the  E 
OOTXLL.  VILLI  AH 
Idlow  of  Qi        "  ~  "" 


;  chipUlD  to  the  Prlnma 
ilancdlorof  Ynrk,  1«S7; 
brUxe,  1SS8  ;  publUbad 
I.  irn  ;  bl>  muuKrtpt 
.•iHUIi.  [>IL  SHJ 

(.UHI).™ 


'  CoUin.  Ousbridgb  IU>  ;  D.D. 
. ;  ub-dcAD  uid  pntondAFT  of  U 
Dt  Hooter^  ■  BoSaluUal  FidlCy 


OOTXXTET.  ASDKBW  (; 
tuoatal  4t  UdlnhoT^b  UnlTr^ty;  msnoHr  n  hboiisi 
iic[ay,  17SS;  li.D^  178S;  Bret  pfofewr  of  ■frloalbm 
r.  BUiDbargb,  17Mk.lftJ1;  tnqaciitl;  vWtnud  on  lud 
LldtiuDd ;  publUbflA  work!  on  a^mlturft]  nbieatL 

[Bnppl  U.  Til 

OOTSXraX,     AKNE.    Onturnaa     ar  ?1«T>-17U). 


or    ?1«7»-17»1). 
,'  1707;  danghWr 


,^  •  M«llt»Uoni . ., 

iif  tLe  AntDokE  of  BAUfort;  married,  &  1700,  Tbaau, 
-isoad  eul  of  CoTenlry  (d.  I7LU).  [lU.  UT] 

OOTXBTBT,  ANSE.  OonsrrBiii  or  C1«*>-1T«>, 
<i.k>IuU«:  marrlad  DUhen,toaiUi  ear)  d  OotsdIit  (& 
I7I>),  aul  ITM.  BdH-arl  PytU :  obtataf  •  nnllat  In  bs 
fuTonr,  ITIt,  witb  rOmBa:  to  ■  oetUaiiait  made  on  Iw 
ern  murbige.  [lU.  Ur] 


OOVZXTKT,  FRANOla  (tf.  17HrX  rm»-wiHa: 
M.A.Oambrld«e,17it:tnaambeatof  Edcwan :  pciUiid«l 
von  and  latUw,  17W-1.  [lU.  U7] 

OOVXVTBT.  HBKRy(lSI>-l«H),nnlw7(rf>l*M; 
I  jmnger  eon  of  llunoai,  Bret  banm  CaTeotrr  'a.  t.]  ; 
fellow  of  All  SduU"  COUagt,  Oifori:  B.O.L.,  IsM;  at- 
undal  Cbarlei  11  In  eille:  enTojlo  Swolai,  l«M-«and 
1«71,  aol  lo  HoUand.  1H7  ;  HottUry  of  lUte,  ler>-«.  . 
[.1L1I7) 

OOyZFTRT,  HENRY  (4.  nii\  fellow  of  Magdaten 
I  allisE. Csmbridgv ^  U.A..  17U:  publlabid  ■  UuDlooiaal 
t>  nk, '  PbUemoD  lo  Uj-daips,'  I7M-14.  [HL  USl 


OOTKHTaT,  JOHN  (17S6-181)),  a 
Aiid  hygiometenL 

OOTXHTKT,    MARIA,   OuPNTEW    < 
diDghter  0'  '  ■  ■ 


[lU.  U91 
m,  dith  mil 


a,  iiM:  lotud  nidiani  ii 
J,  ^  t._    ,,... 

>)  la  bidM  OUIoi 

d  PUUp  II  of  Fiance  witb  ILc  diifcfJoi 
[.U.361) 

ODVm,  THOKAS  (I7u.isn).  fonniler  and.  1178. 
Ul  ttnnr  01  Um  London  banking  llrn).  OouIU  &  Oo. ; 
IWIb  m  <<  Jobn  Oootl*  [q.  t.]  [ilL  3M] 


.  ntl ;  mulled,  ITtS,  Oeorge  W 
>(  OintDtrf.  LI1I.HIJ 

OOYKXTIT,  Sm  THOMAS  (1M7-1S0«X  ludgc; 
!,A.BBlLi<)IOoUege.Oifanl,ltU:  IdlDw,liU;  burUtcr, 
noer  Temple:  9er|ain-al-1aw.  I«01 :  Juitlce  ol  tbe 
'inuDon  i^  and  knlgbled,  lUM.  [lU.  9«l] 

OOVZHTET.  THOMAS,  ant  B*iiO!i  OnvKSTur 
1«7S-1M0X  lord-Imps :  eldest  ion  of  Sir  TbomuCoventrj 
•].  ».] :  eatmd  Bafllol  College.  Oilord,  ISM ;  tmrrirtia. 
-unei  Temple.  VOi:  ncorder  of  LoDdon.  ISIS:  noUdtor- 
ifomni  and  knlghMd,  iei7 :  attomey-geiiEnit,  nil : 
"P„  DnltwLcb.  1«11  :  loid-keiwr,  1B»:  opeiiad  tbe 
-"-iDenlB  of  Fabrnarr  U3S  atid  March  1*18:  owUd 
Ooventrr  of  AjleeborouKb,  lalS:  triad  lo  mediate 
™    .........  ......  '-',r.,iaM: 


'  [  puilamenlB  of  Fabrnarr  U3S 
I  Cbaria 


mOH;.  1U4. 

OOTZNTET,  WALTER  orfjt.  1! 
al  an  bletorical  compilaCloa, '  Memori 
period  11M-U»:  poeaibl;  a  monk  ot 


[1U.M0] 


l!Xrq 


OOTXBTBX,  SmWILLIAMd 


?-1«8a).pditldan: 
,  Oo™itrir[q.t.]T 
captain  of  foot  ia 


Ik  Duke  of  York.  Ie«0-T :  M.P..  Gi 


OOVESRDAIjE! 

iamiiel  Fepy :  knlghUd.  Mi :  ipoke  iirainEC  Clnrendoi 
[&i7;  riiiarrcllal  with  Bucking  bam ;  Lmprisoncd.  160C 
jiablUhBd  pamphlew*  1871  and  l*fla;  r^ulal  author  i 
OhHraclCT  o(  s  Tilmmn;  publlibed  IMS.  [ilL  XS] 
OOVXEDAU,  MILES  (ltB«-IMS).  CrautluWr  o[  It 


iri.- 

nnuAud  utimt  la 

LlUdu  dI  (<n  thB 

AnlwBrp.  KpHToitly  In  tJ      ^  _ 

th>  blblB  niii  i-pooiTptia  tioa  Otnmia  (Zurlcli,  1H1). 

■ad  from  Latin  nnldiB  with  ^d  of  Tjiidilt'i  Ngn  Tsiu- 

meit;   hli  tniuUtloa  BiM  prlnM  pertupB  by  Cbrln- 

,  ji(  BnrtBb,  ind  bnagbt  Into  Biwl»i*l 

oof  Boallii -^^  ■ 


bur^h  Uulvenkty ;    [ma's 

porter  ot  cbBrtJBld  4Qd  mem 

pHctor  aind  oljlor  of,  ■  New< 
monthly  '  NoiUiem  TribuH 


himneir   in  TTTolqtkmuT 


CBop 


ILTJ] 


rmm< 


rci 


hfl  printina  of  tl 

id  in  London,  IM:9  i  ■operlDlenilcd  '  { 

K);   pnbUihed  'Oomtly  PMhoa;  t- 


II  KnglBul.  1H8;  mploysl  to  pnub  ■„ 
onnbaptij^U,   164V'(0,   and  the  IVvonflhlra  Idhot^oiiU, 

l»l,  ool  to  villi  kliied>lenODaeBS,Oifoia,lfill:  ■- 

■ated  thH>logi»tl  lmi(mllM:bUbvo(BniUr,  !i 
kUowfl]  to  IflHve  BnffLuid,  IBH ;  nConsBd  to  BemikJjpm ; 
In  OawTii,  lUB ;  ntanud  Is  Bnslud ;  fotoed  In  ths 
osniesntionof  AnhbdbopPMkir.UH:  DJ>.  Onmbridn, 
IHt;  piibthbd'LRtenDtSalnla,>hlatutibDak,II«t: 
nnor  a[  8L  Ifoarniu,  London  Brldm,  UN ;  mtened  for 
poHtenloal naioiu. IBM ;  pRudHdnrlTat«l;lD  London, 
Ua-a ;  hii  coUmol  works  pabllihol,  IMi-e.  [ilL  3U] 

OaWlES,  Ji-SIES  (laM-iaaO),  mgimfn:  ohorlatcr 
SI  Wotmlniter  Abbej ;  orgoalst  at  Lnmhpth  and  otber 
ohnrchu :  orFnulat  of  tbe  Cryptid  I'liLuc ;  roinp»fll 
BitHS  longs,  and  olliernia.l(:.  [dDTS] 

OOWAIU).     WILL1AU     (ie67?-i;»X     phjalclBn : 

Morten,  ta*);  MJ).,l5a7;  praotitloiior tn  N'orllumpton, 
and.  lesJ-niN,  Id  London;  pabllthid  mcdtrail  Inou; 
nmdered  notArttHu  by  his  '  tfeoond  Tbon^hM  oobarmlu^ 
Human  SwU,'  170),  arguing  ltd  toort«Htii,  ■  Tbe  Qrmd 
Etny:  1701,  and  "TLe  JuBt  Scratlnj,'  and  '  Ophtbal- 
molatria.'  17M,  deMlool  pampbleU;  pobhihed  dldaoUa 
pooma,  1701  and  1709.  [lii.  »73] 

OOWABB,   WILLIAM  M.  173^  London  morebant 

^nfonnlfit  pcrmona  in  London,  17^£;  txqneatiicd  money 
for  the  tducstloo  of  noncoofonnlat  mlnUtffs.  [jcU.  374] 
DO  WUXN-OLAKEX.    [Bte  Oliree,  Chuilhi  Cow- 


3owm.,  jc 

Stou.  and.  1(70. 


M.: 


QOWStX,  JOHN  (lUt-lttl).  oliiliin:  cdnst^  Bt 
-■  —■ '  '■"■  '"— '-  OoUtgMUmbridge;  LLJ).;  od- 
— . .  ^,.u,nioiu,  UM :  Tflflni  proftaur  ot 
ibridne.  ItM-lSlO:  mottar  of  Mnlty  Hall, 
08-1611 :  vlear-gcneral  of  Uu  irahUibop  of 
608;  pnbllabed  ■  loitltiatloac*  Jnrli  An«U- 


Cambrldge. 


!  sbMlutifl  optnioui,  1610.  [ilL 

WWSLL,  J03KPH  LKA.THLBT  fl7M-lBM), 

real    name,   HAwmsa  IVi-prrunT;    mldihlpnan, 

nary,  IM»-*;   nnt  appnred  (lals)  on  the  PI) 

acme-pslnter;  acled  In  tlie  nnltod  Stata,  urai-m 
liahod  an  sutobiognipb)'.  1S44. 

OOWSLL,  BAM:PELHOtIOHTOS{lSao-|gM),a(- 
XBiof  Joseph  laatbleyOowell  [q.v.];  [at     '     " 
lan :  appeared  on  Ibe  (tnet  at  Bwtoii.  : 


H  JOSEPH  (1800-1873),  m 


OOWZH,  WILLIAU  </.  lall-lseox  painter  and 
xber;  ekMflhed  In  GraaC  Btilatai.  BwlBeriand,  llaly, 
nd(l«0)Cor3tea:  Mhlbit*d  lanUcaM,  18U-60;  pob; 

MS.  '  till-  378] 

COWHERD,  WILLIAM  flTSS-lSIB).  founder  of  Uw 


lible  OhrlstI 


er  bi  Honoheetn :  bnitt 

Srrachal  H  a  emdeo' 
lunds)  B  Bii<*  obundi. 


Ing  Bchoo].  1S]£>;  a  diipcn^lng  ehcmia' 
Cowherd ' :  puhlishol  biouiflfor  tlie  aa 

[1U.IT8] 

OOXdtu  « 

llcse.  OanibrUK 
:  Mlow,  "»-  ■•■ 
Inn.  ]St7 ;  ordaiDBd  prloi^  IS 
sciiiui  maltaeniatlnl  laetnrer  at  boubb  na 
een.  Putney,  1S14-«1:  edict  pnober  at  Uun- 
1  and  1818;  Boleean  leotnni,  ISil  and  18H : 
if  seomctry,  Oiabani  OoUege.  Umdon.  ItM : 
r  canon  and  Buoosilor  of  SL  Piuri  Oattolnl. 

D  the  qmen.  is;i :  ttmi  of  Man'ohcatCT,  1871, 
tor.  1S83 ;  publiflbal  TeUglooe  irorke. 


WWa,  BENJAMIN  UOSGAN  11818-IMDX  dtu  tl 
Eieter :  senior  uranRler,  Bt.  Jobn'e  OollcBe.  OambrldK 
IMI;  M.A-.184I!  BJ}.,l8M:DJ)..lS8a:l«tlow,IBM-<t: 


down,  BOBKKT(IM!-187_l),  ai 
baivb ;  practitlouer  [n  Lcrwiek. 


ILTI] 


.A.  Abenleen ;  V..D.  SMa- 
Iiil.  »7»J 

OOWLET.  B«t  EanL  (180t-1881X    [See  WHLUauT, 
Hkxh?  Jlicmnu  Chiulb!.] 

OOVLXY,    BinmN  (1771-1817).     (gee   WKU.ffiu,-T, 

OOWLHT.    ABRAHAM   (lalH-las7).   poet:    klngV 
•cbolar  at  Weotrntaslir:   publtaLcd  'Poatical  BtoauOH.' 
ajl™,'  163*1^  _«d»lir  of  TnnHyOon^e,Oun. 


B.1MT; 


bookiDfUia 'Sairldeli,>iiaaifll«plci,ltH!  dalieraei 
tatytfl  Qaim  HmiiMM  Uarii,e.lM7;  nnUK  any  _ 
^°''*°^  'S* 'J^  Cttfaca.l«»y ; ^tbdnw  toFn»: 

FJtB.:'] 


■s  n^AiBol  tlie  maitenblp  of  Uia  Saniy,  ii 


ukeol  Buekiogbam :  bit  coUcctid  workii  pabllibed  IW8. 

OOWLET,    HANNAH   (17(3-1800).  dnm^Uat;    w 
■riihouK;  marilal,  c.  1788;  biwigbl  o.it  thirteao  d™. 


mental  verHs  to  Uie  '  World,'  oi  ■  Anmi  MatUd 
OOWFEE.    [SeealM  Ooofkb  and  Ooi,teb-) 
OBARt-RS  (1807-1876).  t 


loio-iu.    igent-geian]    for  Nen  Sontli    Watea.   1 
knlghtm,  187*.  -  ■■  - 

OOWFBR.    DOUGLAS  (181 
ideut  In  Loiirloii ;  eibiblted,  1« 

OOWFER,  EOBNEZEHdSCM-lSSO),  n 
prlutlM  niaehine*  In  pottuereblp  «"■'  ■ 
ward  0)"pLT  [q.  ».J 


17-lBW),    pamter; 


oox 


IK,  HDWUtSdrKt-IUtXIx' 


at,  BKXRI  (irU-lStO).  IiWTCT :  barrlilcr, 
^1^  ini :  pObUilMd  Uw  iwnru,  17U  :  cler-- 
■  cfLordL  [ilLtSS) 


■  :  ladTD(ttu  IxdcbBinba  lo  the  PriiHna  at 
1 ;  tar  dUrr  pobUUtfd,  lB«t.  [ilLIM] 

B,SI'KI-CBIt<lM»-IT];).jad«c:adi)atalit 

• ;  (omdiMil  of  tli«  onnlar  of  e*r>h  Btoat  at 
mt :  M.P,  BtcntaUn,  170*.  ITIM,  Tram,  ini ; 
>  sf  CbMler,  1717:  luUnot  comoin  p^tu, 

[ilL  SM] 
B,  BPXKCEIt  (17ll-W7t>.diu  of  Diirtaim, 
j«ii«t">  ■>■>  of  WtUiUD,  tnt  cut   CnvjKr 
A.  BiMtt  Osllac^  Oilord.  1714:  11.D,  lUt: 
Mdirii^KcBt;  pobllibad 


1);  teauiK  euinigid  to 
I :  ■  (w*tln  KnTtan*! 


WlJIUm  BoU 
liibed  -Aiiti-' 
UsrUnKwliin-i 

■t  Uia  BWfMUoi 

Amtoi,  wioH  'JollB  ODj 


r:  compoied  byini 
OlMX  BTinW  17 
igiln  deruuxd.  i: 

;  iTcoimd  beton  _    _       _ 

nam,  ITJ7-gl;  pab- 

>bthart':  puUliAHd  [oim,  im : 
rd.  ISM),  widow  of  UrBiMrt 
'-■  tromba  im,  ud  '01* 


t,  WILLUH  (1701.17«7X 

"  "      ■    1,  17I» :  (DBfUcml  prmrimonet  «t 

>r  St.  WnfadCKh.  17M,Uil '□ 

'1  OooMmpliUon  '-        " ' 


[rIL  4W] 
Wtl).  fflL. 
.  .-Tixru:  (isii-iasa), 

,  _-  _— _,    ronl  boTM  tfunl»,  IMJi 

iit,lBni  hnmtiMim.lMl;  U.P.  (Or  Bmlord. 

■nd  Boatti  HMDiMhlK,  IMt-M:  jantar  lonl  of 

•'"  ■  loid  of  artBlnltT.  1M«-*I,  ud  lUI-t ; 

tormnw  iViln.  lUf :  pnMntiil  boud 

priTj  cmnrlUor,  ISM;  Tico-pmidoit  of 

H9 :  mmmlHldiHr  ol  nrkt.  IMO-t :  nlwl  to 

m.  [SappL  ji.  ri] 

OOWTOV.  ROBBRT  {^.  IMOX  FnnriKan  ;  (dnattd 

Oiford  utd  Full:  Di>.Dt  tb*  HBrtHnnc  oontiwr 

Oifordihli^  ItUQ :  vintc  Kholutio  tnotlM  :  (n>U- 

[iU.«i] 

OOX.    [BoalnOoiK] 

OOX,^  0*rT*ii>  — ,  of  CormtTj  (/,  11711  oollntgr 

TUt.1*7E.  [111.401] 

OOX,  ASm  (I7«»-1BI0X    [B«  WooDiiaom.  AxiTK] 
OOX.  OOXZ,  or  OOOXXa,  BBHJANIN  (JL  \t4t\ 
IxjMM  ndBlitn' :  ntind  Ohilrt  ObDnh.  Oitoid,  ISO* : 
ILA.  Bnodgtts  Bin.  1»I7 :   bmdlnd  in  Dnoiubln ; 
ntnetid  DorlUs  opliiloiu,  lew :   bipliit  pnuhcr  >t 
BtdfOid  1  impriBiwd  it  OoiHitijT.  IMS :  btpUit  pmchn 
in  Loddto,  IM:  nrnfomed.  IMt:  •ffiln  bHsmca  hap- 
tiit:  pnbtlibed  coDlrarnila]  tnetf,  l«lt-«.     [lU.  Iti]] 
OCX,  DAKIEL  (d.  i;w),  pbyiicHin ;   UJ).  St.  An- 
'74*:  phjralcriaD to  the  MkUlm  RoiplUl,  17M- 
ibliibcd  medial  tnot*.  [ili.  404] 

OOX.    DATID     ri7BS-1Mfl),     lindKapf-pdntcr    In 
—  of  ■  Blnninjlwn  MKknnlUi :  twigtat 


B,  WILLIAM  (ini'lWOX  poet : 
oiMr  ol  OnM  BBkhunpMHd : 
■  ptinto  i^BOL  1717-a. 
Mr  MiMl,  1T41-*'.  vtlaM  to  k  Muaur,  iiw- 
t  ^ubn  in  tb*  WUk  Tampla.  tTH:  Int 


dnviiv   bj 

__  -IM-t;  inm^. 

tbe  mlUtli,  and  fomad 

pper.  lil 


V^,rr, 


otJohn     lo  W»K*  llOt-«:  dnwinn-m 


w  c   I7H;    bsnIlUr,   1 


d  Tvnei  to  nrim  papvi,  17H-«1:  ■  nun- 
gf  bukiDpbi,  17t>-«4 :  offand  ■  cln-kAlp  of 
g(  Lord*  M  hia  ooiuln,  WltUiim  Oovper,  clerk 


I^ndaouH  FUnUng, 
Tiemoi  Botb.'IM 
uat ;  taught  b;  ~" 


la  appf^tmait :  Med  U 


Bd  ou  lapuuding 
0(  EUr  TtaoDM 


».  J.  Mtlller  [q.T.l  Kj 
nel^bboarbood  of  liinp 
loe-l  Teorlr  <lBt4-U) ;  I 


OOX,  XDWASD  WILLIAM  (iaiW-lgT»X  ■ 


A  TreaUaroi 
..idMapc.'  I0IA 
e'  Oompuilan, 


Beaketb,  in  aoneqna 


.  nlcle.'  IMS, 
I  pariodlola;  i 


_   _.  ._  ...    -e'Ooonty  Ooorta  Chro- 
arotValmoiUti.  IUT-«:'ll.P.  UH; 


jamphlBti.  IS 
MX    F 


Al  of  Oifort  Uolvently.  IBM- 
IMWl.  °"°U.  Ill]  ' 


paWiHhBi  '  Rbotorjlcn' 


OOX,  RICnAHDdsoO- 


ISM^ranonolWotoa^li^it'ft^oS^  1»M:  KAO.- 
ford.li^:  hnd-mutfirof Btov;  DJ>.  Ouubridge,  1037 ; 
EiiToiirlt«  ot  ATOhblJhop  OxmnmBr^  pnbendVT  of  Lln- 

]t41-HI :  dfliii  of  Ohmt,  iMtl  ud  of  Ohriit  Cfannib,  Ox- 
rord.  Ita-n:  TlsHbuodUir  o(  Oxford.  lUI-M,  de- 
■tnylug ■  popish '  lUtuoi^platanB, and  baafa ;  notor  of 
HuTOv.  1H7:  anon  of  WlDdsn',  IHB :  w  tba  uiiDrals- 
■lanCodnwaptte](ria:lliblltDivT,lHg-U;dtuiDfWeit' 
miniter,  IH9:  ImpriBnid, Uif ;  In  ndla, llH-«. cblaS/ 

Bltjr,    UJ»;  blJlii^  of  Korwli'li 


er^tol  baroiu  17M ;  pwWiMiMMi  thvllDBfaal  tnott,  170V- 
tni:  ohlB(-]a>UMo(t£tqivtn'>baMb,  1711-14. 

fjlL  <uj 

OOZ,  ROBBRT  riBlD-lSTI),  uitl-HabbiitBriiin  writer: 

TTlUr  U  Che  ligDct,  Bdlnbargh :  tiltol  tho  ■  PhimDlo- 

liabal  tmUan  on  the  SabbMli  qiHallDn,  lU}-ei. 

[lii.  4I£] 
OOX  S&HUBL  (IBM-18M),  tbeol<«kal  wrlto :  ip- 
umiUABd  at  L^wdoa  dooki :  ftodled  for  baittlib  mlDMn 
Bt.  Pull 


mt  StepDVOoUcii;  nutor  cf  baptiit  aland,  E 

Sqoue,  apoUuM,  IBO, 't  Hyde,  iSm-D,  Hij  Hi : 

■*__j    »._.-. — ^ —    .A.*  ^.    -QntjrttiQt^    to   rnunon 

■Itor.-lsrt-Si:  I1.D.  S 

ODi  tbeoloidcB]  workE>  t 

Sslnlor  Miuidi,'  1§T7. 

fSdppl.  U.  rt] 

OOX,  THOMAS  (d.    I7MX  topogmpbcr;    reolor  ( 

Oblgul-SoiHly.   ie«0-lTM^    llcnr  af  DnmnaeM.   IBSS 


NoMivbKm,  IWt-SS: 
pertodloili  i^tor  (X  tlw  ■  Bi 
Andnwi.  IN) :  pubUahcd  diu 


(iiru-isir).  in>h  j 

lied  IwD  Tlolcnt  Dew> 
id  'Irlah  UHonEiDe,^  1 


aANDBfl»tf-187B),i      ., 
BlnnLoirhBm,    Loudwi.    1S21-H,   aiyl    FarlA. 
'n  btnnln^h&QL. ' 


OOXS.  niAKOIS  (/; 
r  piuDpblet  oftai 

S  (im-1881X  p>— ,- 

in  UbruT  r^di  u  ■nhMMnt 
V  In  tba  LcnuiC,  lUT  i  tUBtar  ol  Wjttaun.  Bok^n 
a««;  «dlt(d binorlnl  muDBrlpu.  IStO-M;  CBtiik«nid 
mniucrlpu  In  the  Bodlrfno  uid  Oilord  cnllege  Ubruiii. 
B91-1 :  sdperinlaidel  ca(Alc«aliig  of  BoiUFian  prioM 
ookL  IU9-W.  [di.  41ft] 

OOXS  or  OOOEIB,  JOHN  <  ^.  13T9),  UuuUtor  ol 
Moe  tnatlara  by  BulUoger.  [ilL  4901 

OOXX,  FBTBR  (d.  IH4).  pOEt ;  I 


twi-hitm.  1191,  uid  •smm. 
[lU.4n] 
BM^tMf),  dlTlBi: 
lUf-on-Trni,  IMli 


Trlnllj'CollFgii.Oifocd. li ... 

plijp ;  forft^  tiUffl  1^  plAS^ ;  lilA  nune  uttnobed  Co  ( 

wOTtLlaa  edition  of  UaAaUigfir,  17&V.  [xiL  4X3] 

OOXOM.  THOU  AS  l/l.  ie09-l«SI!>.  [BBf  CUciwiX.) 
OOXOir.  TnOMAS(IM4.1T3»),  ioiilC:  bam  in  Diu- 

htm:  iDlDBl  tbr  iHult(.  I«7e;  minion  pciot  In  Bngknd. 

1M»-1?M :  dirt  «  St  Oma-,  [ill.  til] 

OOXWSLL.  HENRY  (TRAOKT)  <1819-1901rt,   mm 

flnt'lnlkion  iucqiC  1814:   prajwlsl  uid  ntlttd  -Tla 


IKRT   fllM-inS),  li 
oloun.  Bonof  Ali-xiuidgr  Qpena  [q.  tJ: 
:Ulbilid,  17«7 :  niBdcakMchliiKtourUi  SwltiariBnd.l'n 
id  Italy;  nturned  to  BneUnd,  ITSl :  innne,  1T»4~>. 


a  {1«S1 1'1«0>  BoMlo :  beama  ■  i^f 
rdiln^,  IHl;  la  tba  parlUmtabu/ 
■nr.  IH14:lB«*Ki*Cniwli>m,lMa-fl:  qawsk  dosCar 
ami  (TibcUm;  InprioMd  In  Lmdm,  ItH ;  toIruIj 
■tid  ta  taie  tariteM  Uie  RwUgmUnn  noJ  tti*  mmwImi  of 
Vnitunot  OnoBE:  pabHsbaluutatiloeTmphy,  ISM.sad 
taca  acalBM  tlu  qiMttn.  [lii.  US] 

OKASB,  QBORGB  (17T8-ISI1),  mtHcnutoin  wrllci 


Mate:  oiteiri  IU^iIDbi  HtlL.  i 


'iiS 


ibLtibadOarmui  te 
-     "»:  MA     " 


CSAXa.  JAXES  (1774-1811).   Wederu  mtthtHlin; 
priiMt  fhwJrr— Mr  at  BomHr.  uid  pniober  At  Boulb- 


I  adantiml  ohuitla. 


■UMKifrDBllBUD  ncterr;  ncaUad  thltbir  bj 
llte,UH:  pobUahri  tte 'Pwlib  KtglMtar-  mar 
-teiiWh,'lBI0,miid-T*lalnTR>B,'18If: 

«  TmMdoB,  WaWiir«  ISIt-M.  uul  du- 
*OBHi™ini«tmliln;  paWf    ■  — 


V  m  BmUcU,  Soflolk,  U 


„ .  ,  Kith  Jneuilill  Homii 

ln.T.]t>mmMbtinaMiti  Vmu.  lfll».      [ilLJM] 
OUOS,  rRBDSRICK  (1719-IHt).  mnhllajtand  i<>^ 
--     '    '      -  iak,inUinIalDur*(l>*')-"*>B) 

111  CDllaotlani   caUlmtURl,  1878, 

UHZKOSE.  OLATTON  HORDAUNT  (I7M- 
bOiUAiMk;  hiUf^  WtttainKa  S<:)k»1.  1741; 
l<f  Ooin  Charch.  Oilonl.  W1S-««:  M.A..  1713: 


ncK  U-oJoa 


OBADOOC,  JI'BBFKd' 
Ldoenenhln' .  eotanl  bn 


LODilon  ;   paintflL  without  nco^ltloci,  btlmkU.  bird*, 
Ukl  tCUl-UfE  :  KDW  <>(  bll  pictum  sngnnl.  1741. 

[I11.4U] 

ORASOOZ,  UATTHBW  (.(.  IMIX  Bnt  gonmor 
(Itn-Si  of  the  MusKcbOKtU  CompuiT ;  Lculon 
□Hrcbout :   tnulod   witb    &dt   Indifv,   1B18  ;    nAgoad 

S*«^Li>nhlp,  16^»  to  allow  bcadiiujutcn  to  bfl  tiKot- 
Tsl  lo  New  UiuiiiLad ;  mt  help  u  the  oalanj.  ISSO-S ; 
M.?.,  LdiuIdd,  id  Long  pftrilunoit ;  oppond  to  thekjn^. 
Iill.««] 
O&AIIOCK.  H&MUBL  (lMlr-lT(MX  ecin«w>tlaial 
dlviDB;  leUowollIniiiiuuMt  Oollet«,OuIlbIldg^fH•-H; 
B.D.,  lU]  ;  TKlor  at  Korth  OulbuiT.  BcnwnH.  lau-n*  - 
loberltal  OhhIuk'.  Boffolk.  IM* :  kint 
cbapel    ani!   w*.li»ij    than,   ISTt-M . 

U>ail(«lul  lh&Uhii,  JU>-Wi.        '  iilL4)7] 

O&ASOOX.  WU.TBR  (l«M1-l«M)k  omgi^ittlaii^ 


1071,  uid  pro 
ORATT. 


nnrwifohlcbgttiirrT(7a;  fdlow  ol  Btim, 


) :  HontUT  of  U>e  oidnuaaoffla  lUl  ITU; 

■— It  at  Sunli,  doclKH  B(  K>rl- 

-    -        1,  171»->g  i  (ccnma- 


-mix  acDtMuT 

Mckfn  [q.  T.ll 


OKAOOB.  JAUBS,  Uie  jsiii«B  (lUt-lIin,  i 

f  OUW;  ^DUDim  ■ODOl  Juuet  Ol -•---iJ— 

ravelled;  Irciiil  n(  Otoigc,  d»t 

TU:  im:r«ury  ut  ww,  IHTim , . 

Bplicntal  in  liit  :Math  Bb  OompuiT  Kuidal ;  tileDd  ol 
Jeimiiler  Pope  [ilL  MO] 

CTRAIG,  : 


Wt  MU^iS  profcncn  oT  dlirlnlti.  ltU->< 
■  dnoMoiul  tnot.  '  The  Shlppe  ol  Awnral  So 
lA  ■■■liaiiTpl  tmtUa  dq  the  phllcaophcr'i 


0M:  PJ3..17W:  rector o( Ihr SnijUHi.OiunbrklgB'bli 
■Bdi(8>.  PMl-^OiiTait  Garden;  chaplslu  to  the  lof 
BlBbop  of  Kilmore.  lia 


of   Iretimd.  UV) 

JOBS  FRAICCIS  (ina-lBH).    [See 


H  JAUBB  HENRT  (17M-1«11X  >m> 
c^ptflia,  1771  ;  eerred  lo  North  Amo 

aJDr-iiniBral,  17M  ;  took  Oape  Colony,  I'l 


>d  SloUy,  IWMi  «< 


>»la,lt^ll: 


OKAia,  J&HBS  THOMSON  GIBSON   Cin»-1IM), 

ilnotel  ic  Edinburgh  Hi^li  School   nud  Ui^venityi 
rilUr  to  the  ■igpet,  Edinburgh ;  book  coUojuir. 

[1.U,  4«! 
CRAIO.  JOHN  (IE13?-1«00),  Snoulfh  dlvlns:  edu- 
mtfd  It  RC.  AndiTwa :  bcduoe  B  DomlnlcBii  liiar :  Im- 
proIoUat  tfiUrta,  IBSB;   yIhIIbI 
ji  Italy  on  Domlnlcui  mtHloni; 
otrnTCPts  BotDgna :  mid  ObIvId'i 


nctoT  of  thd  Dmul] 

'  iDrtltutn '  i  train 

Batat;  niapalUiVleDiia.s»l.lHa,taf 

■tHDljin>l.Bllilhnr||h,  ISSl;  John  Kl 

Cbc  High  Ohumb.  Edlubunik.  IHI-TI : 

tnarder;  prolailal  acKlo^t  VflryStunr 

nlwlltlna  of  eplwoTncy.  J6T9-HI,4Dfl  & 


onfevUni  of  tiiltli(tbD  origtawlol  tbe'Coii 


flS").  I^J^lclaii;   , 


KAia,  30WS  (d 


ORAIG,  Bm  LBWia,  LoBD  WniBinnijiisDS  (Ites- 
Iei9).  Sootllah  iudgi:  eld«c  mo  ot  B\r  TIjodim  Cnilg 
[q.  v.l:  M.A.Ediubnrgb,  llBJMSodlol  ■  ■    ■       ■ 


aRAUFTOir 


DKAIK,    (IKOIUlli:    LILLIE   (JTW-IMM),    ■ 


TaCure  Hvi  ht»u>ry  at  Be 
'BJiniMr  Knri  )ili  Po«t)V 
tory  or  KuglaiHl,'  1BJT-18(1 


luid  '  Tlte  Plclflriil  Hk- 


Defeulo  Kniariai  AnglicaiiB'  (iciliut  Di  DoaliMJ, 

isn  CpoUinmiHiil;  pRhUabed),  IM  ■  Lcvlcn  llbtt  qciHiii 

de  PmliaaMHhiu,'  l«tl.  (lUL  I] 

OKAZX,    ADOUBTINE  DAVID  (IBie-lSBO).  dnt 

_,  ^.   — ^_  .   .  ^^.^^^_  iei»^oi 

IE  to  pbursh  biRoiT.  Iiaida 
tomun  EcuplK,'  187S. 

[BuppL  IL  n 

of  NoiilitlHt  gnniiMr  school:  Ticur  of  Otnft, 

j,..j  D^.,,....  r...^  (jicUomute  and  tnmliiM 

of  Spheriial   TrigoiiDiiiRn-' 


le  Uoynl  Sodety  ot  MosldaiBi.  1  rM ;  oof  ct 


if  Hiilon  and  kDlghtali  ] 


anon,  Midlothian,"  1814."  "     "[xiu'wa] 

in  THOMAS  (ItW- 1 GMX Scottish  [eudntlxt; 
^t-ADdKwii;  iibidipllaw  at  I^rlp,  lliM-al ; 
'-  »  iiulloe-dapatp,  preddad  otet  crlmhial 
;    fhRitr-defHite    of    B^nbuigh,     ls;n : 


I        (IRAKER,  J 


OKAIO.  Sl..     

jaronpl,    at    TUccttTton,   UiuiuiuiBi 

Jama  Gib«u  C™ig  [q.  '-];  »^'» —  - 

K.P.,  UidlottalaD,  1M7-II.  aul  Gdluborgh.  IM3-»3 ;  Jon: 
oterk  regialer,  IBas-JS.  [nil.  411] 

ORAIO,  WILUAU  MARSHALL  (JI.  i;ge-ISI8) 
paluter;  exblt^tei  mlalaUire-pDrtnUta,  landwapva  h 
w(iter4<]]oar«,  aod  otJin-  paLjit^JV^  17S8-lftf7;  a  populai 
boolt-lUiutrator ;  pnDliiihed  imutualB  on  draulDK,  1793- 
IMl.  [.il.  «1] 

ORAiaSALL,   LniiD  (ieo9?-lCM).    [See  Hope,  Eu 

OEAIOB,  DAVID  (I7M-1MS).  phy»Ic?fBn:  M.D 
Bdlnbotgh,  IBI6|  pmctlttouo-  In  KUnhunth:  pabllihs! 
'  futholotfcal  Anatomy,'  I8SS,  anit  oUm  mnlioiT  works. 

ORAIOIE,  I{OBEnT(la8«-IT«0).BwttL'h Judge:  ad- 


rmpodtion.  [kI 

JOHN    ANTONY  (WSS-IMH),  d 
born  at  UlLtodoi.  Swltmland:  oi 


'liULt]" 


WIUIELU  (174a?- 


tbcolDglcal  etpaylit  and  « 


m  baptin  ooUKa.  l£oBt- 
KtNo™s<.>Ha.l8«-W: 
or  of  pertodioala. 

ORAKFTOK,  Sir  JOHN  FIKKNES  TWBII.BTOK 
(ISOt-lSttC),  rllplomatiBt ;  son  o(  Sir  PblUp  OrampUe 
'         ■      '         lo  ■toretary  of  li^ailon  at  Beru,  1»H: 


er  plenipoteuLiary  ai^ 
i*T.  [Uii.  ■] 


.   Sin    PHILIP   (in7-18M).  antxeon: 

8:  gn^isdaiOlugow.  IWOimjiKBH 
iqucvn;  crated  barouet,  IB)>  :  F.BjS.: 

oaumoit,    THOKAS   russsli.  nnc-uMi, 

. .._. ..  .,  uiodd^Br     ■ 

r  to  I  Bin  nuiei  oaiuii.  and  -  "  " 

nnle; 


Bnt,IBnM4,IB  tbe^vBi 

■  IfmependaillT,  IBtSf  jMrnit 
ilttaie,  lUt!  mialved  geU  miU 


Ud*>  In  KFnt.iiowin«)ndlnL<itidoB.Obat)iikin.aodt)Dnit 


OBAMPTOK 


298 


OKANBTOUN 


1^ 


r,  VIOTOIRR,  Ladt  (18S7-1871X  soprano 
diuiglitflrof  Miehad  WiUiain  Balfe  [q.  ▼.] : 
;  iqypcttred  first  at  the  Lyoeam,  1857,  as 
1  'SmmmbnlA ' ;  married  Sir  John  Fiemies 
tOtenptosi  [q.  r.] :  died  at  Madrid,     [zlii.  7] 

first  Vjscouxt  (1S687-161S).    [See 

nS,  JOH27  (17»1-18S1X  painter;  self-taaght; 
mfmtbam  to  the  Society  of  Artists  and,  1808, 
Ik  ustitotiaii,  excdling  in  the  *poker*  style: 
oo  way  to  improve  British  art. 

[zilL  8] 
XDWARD  (1721-1749),  presbyterlan  minis- 
mlnitfter,  sorwioh,  1746 ;  began  to  preach 
eonipiegation  there,  1749,  tboogb  not  ap- 
HeUelbeiv  catechism.  [xliL  8] 

Sib  FRAJi^CIS  (d.  16S6X  director  of  the 

eetafaUflbed  at  Mortlake  by  James  I ;  clerk 

1606 ;   secretary  to  Charles  1  when 

ILP.,  Penryn,  1614  and  1691,  Laonces- 

i^eymUd  in  1619  to  have  received  the  Taloable 

'  cnaMBg  three  baronets,  in  1623  ten  or  twdve 

>w  ait  MM.  apiece :  envied  by  courtiers  for 

manors  nanted  him  by  the  king  as  seoority 

»Bs;dledatF)u1s.  [xiiL  9] 

B,  JOHN  (U72-1652X  apothecary ;  sheriff  of 
1641.  [XiiL  10] 


ORAVLZT,  THOMAS  (13S7  7-1417X  archbishop  of 
Dublin :  D.D.  Oxford,  and  fellow  of  Merton,  1866 :  first 
warden  of  Whiohester  Oollege,  1882 :  principal  of  Hart 
Hall,  1884  :  warden.  New  OoUege,  Oxfoid,  1889-96 ;  chan- 
cellor of  the  oniversity,  1890 ;  archbidiop  of  Dablin,  1897- 
1417 :  chancellor  of  Ireland  onder  Henry  IT.  [xiiL  17] 

OO&AVLBT,  THOMAS  (/.  1686X  poet  and  friend  of 
George  Wither  [q.  v.  j ;  published  *  Amanda,*  1685. 

[XiiL  18] 

OBAVMBB,  GEOBOE  (1668-1600X  secretary  to 
Daviaoo,  secretary  of  state,  sabseqnently  to  Sir  Henry 
Killigrew;  educated  at  Merchant  Taylors*  School  and 
Oorpos  Ohristi  OoUege,  Oxford  ;  wrote  a  letter  to  Hooker 
*  Concerning  the  new  Church  Discipline,*  1698  ;  killed  in 
skirmish  with  Irish  rebeb  at  Oarlingford.         [xiiL  18] 


B,  LUGT  (1842-1882X art  critic;  daughter  of 
mttaiA  Thomas  Orane  [q.  v.] ;  musician  and 
of  nursery  tales ;  ddlvered  lectures  on  *  Art  and 
BKtton  of  Taste  *  which  her  brothers  Thomas  and 
Hoed,  U8S.  [XiiL  10] 

n,  HIOHOLAS  (1622?-1688?X  presbyterUn; 
el  Christ's  OoUqge,  Cambridge ;  imprisoned  for 
ng  wKTrtce  oat  d  the  Geneva  prayer-book,  1668-9 ; 
BUy  inhibited ;  died  in  Newgate.         [xiiL  11] 

IB,  BALFH  (/.  1626X  poet ;  educated  for  the 
ttanaeziber  of  popular  worics ;  published  *  The 
of  Mercy,  both  Gorporeall  and  Spirituall,'  1621. 

[xUL  11] 

IB,  THOMAS  (1681-1714X  divine  and  theolo- 
ejected  mm  the  living  of  Bampisham  at 

[XiiL  12] 


n,  THOMAS  (1808-1869X  artist ;  gold  medallist, 
ndemy,  183i ;  miniatnre-palnter ;  produced  Utho- 
views  of  Noftb  Wales;  treasurer  of  the  Liverpool 
%  IML  [XiiL  12] 

R,  WILLIAM  (/1. 1580X  master  of  the  children 
MpA  Boyml ;  water-bailiff  for  the  town  and  bar- 
Dartmoath,  1609-10;  contn^er  of  the  tonnage 
adage  of  customs  in  the  port  of  London,  1614 ; 
bo  export  merchandise  not  bdoncrinj^  to  the  staple 
K,  1A14 :  appointed  master  of  the  Chapel  Royal 
!B»  UM,  and  water-bailifl  of  the  port  of  Lynn, 

[XiiL  18] 


^  LIONEL,  Earl  of  Middlebrx  (1676- 
f^tM^i^y  apprenticed  to  Richard  Shephard,  a 
t  adventurer;  member  of  the  Company  of 
;  appearing  in  its  behalf  before  the  privy  council, 
1  tbenodoe  of  James  I,  the  Earl  of  Northampton, 
■qoant^  of  the  Duke  tA  Buckingham :  appointed 
flf  ooslonis  for  Dorset  and  Someraet,1606;  surveyor- 
of  oosttmie,  1618,  master  of  tiie  great  vrardrobe, 
I  mnstirnf  the  court  of  wards,  and  chief  oommis- 
the  navy,  1619 :  checked  waste  in  all  these  depart- 
privy  oooncilhv,  1620 :  attacked  Bacon,  disliking 
I  «m  patcots  and  mon<q)olieB,  1621 ;  created  Baron 
1  of  Granflekl,  1622,  and  Earl  of  Middlesex,  1622 : 
bj  Coke  with  cormpt  practices  as  master  of  court 
«  and  condemned,  1624 ;  released  from  the  Tower, 
16S6.  [xiU.  14] 


,    JAMBS    (16927-1667X    presbyterian 

MJL  BhIUol  CoDege,  Oxford,  1624 ;  rector  of  St. 
r,  London,  1648 ;  wrote  a  *  Confutation  of  the 
'Haereseomachia,*  1646,  and  various   pre> 

[XiiL  16] 

>,  JAMBS  (17467-1826X  portrait-painter,  of 
nl  d  Beynolds;  a  looocsifal  copyist  of  great 

[xilL  17] 


.,  THOMAS  (1489-1666X  archbishop  of  Can- 
terbury ;  studied  philosophy,  logic,  and  classics  at  Cam- 
brkige ;  MJL,  1616 ;  forfeited  fellowship  at  Jesus  College  by 
marriage ;  re-elected ;  D.D. ;  public  examiner  in  theology ; 
expressed  privately  an  opinion  that  the  establishment  of 
the  Invalidity  of  Henry  YIII*8  marriage  with  Catherine 
of  Arragon  would  justify  a  divorce,  1629 ;  propounded 
these  views  in  a  treatise ;  attended  the  Earl  of  Wiltshire, 
ambassador  to  Charles  Y,  1680;  returned  to  England, 
1683,  being  appointed  archbishop  of  Canterbury;  gave 
formal  sentence  of  the  Invalidity  of  the  king's  marriage 
with  Catherine  of  Arragon,  1638;  pronounced  King 
Henry's  marriage  with  Anne  Bole}'n  to  be  lawful ;  granted 
bulls  and  dispensations  ;  maintained  the  king's  claim  to 
be  the  supreme  head  of  the  church  of  England  ;  pro- 
nounced his  marriage  >vlth  Anne  Boleyn  null  and  void, 
1636  ;  promulgated  ten  articles  of  doctrine,  1686 ;  In  con- 
junction with  Cromwell  had  the  supposed  relics  of  St. 
Thomas  of  Canterbury  Investigated,  1638,  but  did  not  take 
part  In  the  suppression  of  the  monasteries;  nnsnocess- 
f nlly  oppoeed  the  Act  of  the  Six  Articles  *  for  Abolishing 
Diversity  of  Opinions,'  1689 :  became  an  Instrument  for 
the  divorce  of  Anne  of  Cleves :  did  not  oppoee  the  bill  Ot 
attainder  against  Thomas  Cromwell,  1640;  conveyed  to 
the  king  Information  of  the  Infidelity  of  his  fiftii  wite, 
Catherine  Howard,  1641;  defended  the  *  Great  Bible' 
against  the  criticisms  of  Bishop  Gardiner,  1642 ;  vindi- 
cated by  Henry  YIII  against  charges  of  heresy;  ap- 
p(toted  one  of  the  council  to  govern  during  the  minorl^  of 
£dwaid  VI,  1647 ;  supervleed  the  production  ot  the  first 
prayer-book,  1648 ;  deserted  the  falling  Protector  Somer- 
set, 1649  ;  made  overtures  to  Mdanchthon  with  the  view 
of  promoting  union  of  reformed  churchee  ;  wrote  against 
tnmsubetantiation  ;  made  a  revision  of  the  prayer-book, 
but  could  not  Induce  the  Princess  Mary  to  recognise  the 
new  use,  which  was  authorised  (1662)  by  an  Act  of  Uni- 
formity ;  promulgated  forty-two  articles  of  religion 
(afterwards  reduced  to  thirty-uiue),  1662 :  joined  In  signing 
a  will  of  Edward  YI  excluding  the  Princess  Maiy  from 
the  succession,  1668 ;  committed  to  the  Tower  ror  dis- 
seminating seditions  bills  against  the  mass  and  for  having 
been  a  partisan  of  Lady  Jane  Grey,  1663 ;  released  that  he 
mi^ht  argue  in  justification  of  his  alleged  heretdes,  1664 ; 
adjudged  to  be  in  the  wrong  at  a  discussion  held  at  Ox- 
ford; formally  cited  to  appear  before  the  pope,  1666; 
refused  to  recognise  papal  jurisdiction ;  condemned  for 
heresy  by  Cardinal  Pole,  recently  appointed  archbishop 
of  Canterbury;  degraded,  1666;  signed  six  documents 
admitting  the  supremacy  of  the  pope  and  the  truth  of  all 
Roman  catholic  doctrine  except  transubstantlation,  in 
vain ;  burned  at  the  stake  repudiating  these  admissions, 
21  March  1666 :  compiled  a  *  Reformatio  Legum  Eocle- 
siasttcarum,*  1660,  and  wrote  on  Anglican  discipline  and 
theology.  [xili.  19] 

OKAKBTOUK,  DAYID  (/I.  1609-1626),  professor  of 
belle)<-lettre8  at  the  College  of  Montacute,  Paris ;  TheoL 
Doc. ;  wrote  additions  to  the  *  Moraliu '  of  Almoin,  1626, 
and  to  the  '  Parva  Logicalia '  of  de  YillascuNi,  1620. 

[xilL  81] 

GRABBTOTTK,  GEORGE,  Lord  Corkhousk  (<f .  1860X 
Scottish  judge ;  advocate  at  the  Scottish  bar.  1798 ;  sherifl'- 
depute  for  Sutherland,  1806 ;  dean  of  the  Faculty  of  Ad- 
vocates, 1828;  raised  to  the  bench  as  Lord  Corebouse, 
1826 ;  friend  of  Sir  Walter  Scott ;  author  of  a  skit  en- 
titied  *  The  Diamond  Beetle  Case.'  [xUL  82] 

CSANBTOnK,  HELEN  D'ARCY  (1 766-1 888X  song- 
writer ;  sister  of  George  Cranstoon,  lord  Corehouse  [q.  v.] ; 
wife  of  Dngald  Stewart  [q.  v.]  [liv.  288] 


0BADBT0T7N 

(i;iU-17Bei,  nnnl  Dfflocr :  roughc  KgsLoFt  a>t  Frencb  Li 
"■       -  ■  .1781:  capWln,  UBS:  commondal  Bod 


OKAHBTDTnr.     WILLIAM    HITTRT    nJli-iriJ\ 


OBurVfEU... 
tlUKI  Oolldic.  Ci 
Lbtwtt^fl  f Upton ;  I 


:\  poet :  fellow  of  Bidner 


OtOHARD  (leill-IMlX  voK:  i 


tnT^id  lo  FbtIi  ;  lu- 

qoBoi  Bcmtottii  tUriB  to  OudUul  FtfoclB  ol 

■  "  '.ti^7,  IHB  or  1«M;   1011401100  of  the 

r  Oar  ladf  a  Lorotlo.  1«M;  dM  >t 

Hl>'8te|iiloUigTemp1s.'i>[>I>«nd 

acotton  M  laimlar  p«ou,  eobMod 
■DeUghlii  ol  tbc  Mius.'  iU.  U] 

ORASSAW,  WILLUU  (lK7t-llt«),  poilUa  dlTiu 
toi  poa:  B.A.  St.  John-i  Oa]l«c.  Ounbtidgr;  itt!?: 
K.A^  lt»C ;  Domliuled  bf  Qoeeo  Eliubelli  to  clw  blsbop 
of  Blir-e  [eUomhlp,  IDM ;  BJ)^  ISO! : jmbeaduy  of  lUpm, 
jeot;  ardsRd  by  Uw  uvhWdwp  of  dkatnbmr  to  retreat 
Ui  'Tniulitioiioltbe  Ufa  of  tlu 

KM;  pm     ■ 

Whllatbai 


ipel,  London.  16U 


rt.  of  Burr  ec  Eitinnnd. 

oompllcdB'RigUtram'ol  blsboim  [lill.lH] 

O&ATRDKITE,     WILUAU     (ItJO-UlO).     Unmi 

English  oollegCi   IJomy :   mlHloner   at  HuDnHnmiU 


OKAUFUUI.  JAUES.  Lord 
eoottiih  juilije ;  educntBl  at  Uie  b 
ADd  At  Ktlnbargb  uul  Qlu^n 


I :  laird  ot  CriofuidlBiid.  ATreblra. 


LAUFUSn,  QniNTIS  ( 


ill  1781);  idherBllo 


□KAVniBD,  ROBERT  (IIM-IBII),  imijgr-goivml : 
>roUi«of  Sir  Obitlffl  Oirsun-Oniatunl  [q.!.];  louKbt 
» ispUls.  igBlast  Tlppou  gultui,  17«<i,  17tl,  Ludim: 


OXU.WFOBD 

light  brlpul>  Id  uttack  Ob  Bun 


%bttn»pd,  InT  I 
bt  OiudHd  ludrl^. 


ORAYXir,  JDHH,  Bard!i  Gkive 
n[q.7.];B«ronE'n;™ 


ibej  ■Btodniona  lo  Uk  Abriml,'  1U8,  ud  'Ic^u 
omo,'  isle.  [lUL  4il 

OSAVEir.  LOUISA,  CotisTBia  or  (ITBtr-lKO}. 
:Dss :  ntt  Bnmtaa ;  nude  ber  drbat  u  I^dy  TomiliT 
■  the '  Provoked  HmbADd'  and  Beatrice  In  *Macb  Adi^' 
M3;  matrlal  Willlun,  flnt  Earl  o(CiiiTen.oItlieieooDl 


OSATSH.  Uiul.  PADLINB  1 
AQIiAA  (ISDB-iesi).  uptliorcw;  diogbter  of  OooH 
AngiMtB  Miria  dc  Ut  Ferroniijn,  a  PiTiiDti  eDil(iiuH  ta 
LoDdon:  marriol  AopistiiA,  «oii  of  Keppcd  mobad 
Omren    [q.  l.],  1«34.   and  llvBd •—•'    -' 

SngUab  lf«*(lor>>:  publuhnl.  I> 


ohaut  t^rlor;  Bnttnd.  Into  nrtoflr^klp  with  blm.  Iit*1(if 
obtainad  tin  tmiaa  of  tba  llBoliaiit  T^kn'  Oaspur, 
]ttB ;  mrdm  of  Itui  MapuT,  un;  nvc  Mil.  Mnidt 
thobaUdlDB  ot  tbtUt  -------         -   -    - 


UbniT.B 


tuiTLloff 

OghtinB 


<  Eo^land,  ie!7 1 


[xUL4)] 

OKATEK.  WILLIAM.  EltiL  dfOiuvex  (lAOS-lnrx 
eat  ioD  Df  air  WUlltiD  OreTBi  To.  t.1  ;  cntcml  tbe  nr- 
kiilghlcd  oaTC' 

. KigliBii  tnoa 

Adolphoih  Ull:  coaarOntBl 
lie  iwlaanliiiiiH,lUTilnvlil 
baddaPrloa  Bapcrt  it  Limn;  Men  priK«i»  bftta 
ImperUUrU.  laST:  porehued  bli  mw^,  lUI;  aidel 
Obu-lei  I  uHUi  moDeT:  dnlt«d  ■  piulort  for  tin  Ua 
giUfll  Elliabelh  Dl  BbbBol*  igtiut  tlH  p«ltaB«ri 
itoppuo  of  her  poiMai ;  doprl^d  ot  hU  Mtefefl  Itr 
loy>rtrtfi01iHlMl.»tlli*)OTmlbl*  ludi  ktlbeBi- 
■tonUflo:  priTT  ooanamDr,  IHa  u^  lUl;  snkMn- 
ooust  Onran  ol  UOnfton  and  Xeiil  of  OiaTvi.  UU: 
DffflTfld  blB  LoodoB  "*f»«t«*,  Dnuj  Hooaa,  to  BUxalxtk 
of  BaboDiU.ltSI:  iiild.wltbDalmDcbpKibitiUltr>tohin 
been  prktataly  Uiorrinl  lo  ber;  litatenant-^eDor*!  of  tbe 

ISBS.    He  nm  csrir  a  fellon  of  tbe  Hojal  Sodety. 

CRAWTOBS.  [BeDnlnCnAUTUHUaiidOliiiTnnD,] 
OSAW70EII.  Baiilx  or.  [Bee  LisDsiv,  Slb  Divm 
Brst  BaRL,  lifts  1-1*07;  iJVUly,  AuaAKDBi,  fOnrtta 
BtKi.,  if.  MM;  Liicn<iT,  Sivin,  BfUi  Sua,  IMUt- 
Uu:  Li>-iisiT,  David,  tenth  Eini,  if.  1(74;  Lixnuxi. 
David,  eleioitli  Ksbl,  IMT5-1607  ;  Lindsat.  Lcnovir, 


1.  tvelftb  Kasi. 


LiHinur,  JoH?!.  twentieth  lum. 

AtrajsuKu  WnJJAH,  twmlj-fUib 

OZAWfOBS,    A  DAI  It 


itry  at  tbe  mlUUrT  tomli 
Si.  Tboni'i  Hospital ;  | 


OBAWFOKD 


■e  at   Renxy  1 1  of  FmuK,  ]  SfiU : 


r  briogliig  Dnmlcy'e 


TSOUAS    JAGKSOK    (18I9^1R»), 


flUVnU),  WILLIAII  <ir»T-I»0). 

HAa  BlvMcr  "M  hbtoriHi:  mlnlBtor  ctf  I 

trwM,  ir»«-w;  M-A.  |}^;so«:  ~  ~     " 

IS,  iriLLlAlf  (irsS-lMT).  phllujlbniplst ; 

UM;  McrTtarj  to  tiv  LnndDa  PriADu  IhicrlplUie  Sociptf ; 
otMciuilDC  UnltslSlatapriiioiiiyiUm.lMS;  h«Ipal 
W  IgtroJoa  iqitnB  of  Rpumte  ceUg  in  Engliuid : 
loipccKr  of  prijcmi  for  Uu  Londou  utd  mldJand  district, 
lSJl-41.  [.111.  67] 

OUWrOKS.      WiLLIAM     (18U-lna8|.     mtnter; 


pMlluail  in  oppullion  to  UX>]nDell.  1N43.      [ulll, 
OSAWfUUD.    [Snulso  CiiicrirnD  uid  Cittwc 

DXAinrtnui,  Archibald  (irss-iMs),  &»tuei 

I;  of  QcDcra] 

jpkriioalj.  -  Tlie  Cormpoudeht '  b»]  'Thtf  Gaberiimxl 
.Hd  (US4)  wfDtr  ■  TUca  of  &  CiudbtlHr.'  [ilU.  e»] 
B  id.  ITU),  gsnoki^lit  a 


O&AWLBT,  AICBARD  (IBIO-ISSS),  ulwlu' :  oId- 
™ial  M  Marlboroiiirti  »nd  DDlrtrsLty  College.  Oitonl; 

wrote  In  wtk'  und  punt  [anppt  it  81] 

ORAWBHAT.  ROBBRT  THOUTaOK  <1S17-1N>), 
ImnmMtw;  »dii  of  Wilii.m  Ormnriimy  [q.  t.)  :  uClnc 
nunagtr  of  Crfuthli  inawoc**;  Kle  muuHo.  lasi; 
UB-Qtal  to  oombiiuUan  Dt  mutera  to  met  worknm'I 

fJKAWSHAT.  WILLIAM  (tTS8-lM7).  lK>iiaiut«r  ; 
proprtmor  of  U»  Oytarthh  In  ■      *   — 


nfngoa  in  Turlcer.  1M».  [ilil.  S3] 

CSEAOB,  PGTBR(<{.  ITOTX  Rumui  cbUwIIc  blihDp 
of  Ovk  &d1  Oloyne.  IHTS:  krcbblibop  of  Ddblln,  IGSIj 
dlad  in  biUe  at  atruburg.  [lUL  ts\ 

OBEAOH,  RIOHARB  (I1»?'1IW).  Kamwi  sttaolio 
Arcbblabop  of  AmutRb  -.  ttiidiei)  at  Louvain  ;  D.D,  of  tba 
Pontiflcal  CdUise,  IBAK;  orctibiabop  ef  Arniagli,  1(H; 

Dublis,  Ite?:  iic(iuitlal,bnidlsilb  tbo  Tawnr. 
......  ^f  j^^  pbiloliVT, ttmioBT.  ftDd  ui 

wr.'  [.iu.  Ml 

OSXALOinE,    HENRV  HOPE  <1S31-imiX   «Hls. 


d  RIhIii  In  Cbiiu,  1B80:  malor- 

m,  1884.  'Hi>>i>BiTsuiiaiigiii 


[Soppl.  iL  SI] 
OBSABY,  v-m  EDWARD  EUEPHSltD  (l819-18f8X 
blrtorliui :  edacuted  at  Eton ;  (eIIdw,  King'a  CaMtte.  Chid- 
bridgn,  I8S4;  hHrri»t«r,  Linooln'H  Inn.  IKRT;  ptotdMn- dF 


[.iii.  Ml 
OBXEOH.  TH0MAS(1M«-17(«).  tnnilst/ir:  Kbolnr 
Wmthim  Oolkse,  Oitord,  1876;  M.A,  ISSS;  B.D.. 
16:  fcHow  Df  All  Sonlii.  Oiford,  ISHS:  hnd-iniutir  n( 
n-home,  isai-e;  qommitted  siilctde  from  diappnlntad 
c  ami    peciuiliry   dlfflmilti«,    1700,      He   tmulaUd 

^ce,'^aH4 '(>^^  llicocrituiL,  lest.' "HiinlliiK,  1U7 
TH),  Ok  XIllCli  Btlrc  ot  Jnveiul,  ISsa,  ud  pvta  of 
ito'^  nod  IVB  blnaua  Qrwk  And  IaUd  writen. 

CREECH.  WILL  LAM  (lT«-18ll),  Bdlnhnrgb  pnb- 
lisber  aad  lonl  provuit  of  Edinburgh ;  ttndlad  at  AUn- 

_ ..    TT !j.  partner  »-IUi  the  pobllihw  Ktnmld, 

lUklniHiii  nf  Kinaiil.  1773,  hnsoie  tbe 


burgb  n 


It  the  » 


mlnhnrffh,  IBil-13. 


OBBED 


296 


ORBW 


OBXED,  GARY  (1706-1775X  etcher;  pabliBhed  plates 
from  the  marbtee  at  Wilton  Home.  [xUL  68] 

OBESD,  BLIZABBTH  (16447-1798X  phiUntbropixt ; 
nie  Pickering ;  married  John  Oreed  [q.  t.],  of  Oondle, 
1668;  gave  free  instruction  to  glrhi  in  dirawing  and 
needlework;  painted  altar-pieces  for  ohorches  near 
Oundle.  [xiiL  68] 

OEEED,  JOHN  (/1. 1663),  ofBcial:  depnty-treasorer 
of  the  fleet,  1660;  secretary  to  the  commissioners  for 
Tangier,  166S ;  F.BA,  1668.  [xliL  68] 

GREED  or  GREEDS,  THOMAS  (d,  1616  ?),  stationer : 
printed  the  1599  qtiarto  of  *  Romeo  and  JaUet,* 
*  Richard  UI*  (1598  quartoX  and  *  Henry  Y*  (1600 
quarto).  [xUL  69] 

CREED,  WILLIAM  (16U  7-1663),  divine ;  scholar  of 
St.  John's  OoU^^  Oxfonl,  1631 ;  mX,  1689 ;  B.O.,  1646: 
regios  professor  of  divinity,  Oxford.  1660 ;  archdeacon 
of  Wiltshire,  1660;  prebendary  of  Balisbary:  rector  of 
Stockton,  Wiltshire.  [xUL  69] 

OREIOHTOV.    [See  also  Obichtok.] 

ORBZOHTOV,  MANDSLL  (1843-1901X  bishop  of 
London ;  fdlow  of  Merton  Oollege,  Oxf6id,  1866 :  B.A., 
1867 :  tutor :  hdd  living  of  Bmbletoo,  Northumberland, 
1876<-84  :  rural  dean  of  Alnwick,  1879 ;  took  prominent 
part  in  organising  new  diocese  of  Newcastle,  1881; 
was  examimng  chaplain  to  Bishop  WUberforoe,  1883; 
honorary  canon  of  Newcastle,  1883 ;  published,  1889,  the 
first  two  volumes  of  his  *  History  of  the  Papacy  *  (vols.  iii. 
and  iv.  appearing  in  1887,  vol.  v.  1894);  honorary  D.D. 
Oambridge ;  first  Dixie  professor  of  ecclesiastical  history, 
and  fellow  of  Rmmanod  College,  Oambridge,  1884;  first 
editor  of  *  English  Historical  Review,*  1886-91 ;  canon  of 
Worcester,  1886;  canon  of  Windsor,  1890;  bishop  of 
Peterborough,  1891  ;  represented  English  church  at 
coronation  of  Emperor  Nicholas  II  at  Moscow,  1896; 
first  presideut  of  Ohuroh  Historical  Society,  1894-1901 ; 
Hnlsean  lecturer,  1893-4,  and  Rede  lecturer,  1895,  at 
Oambridge ;  Romanes  lecturer  at  Oxford,  1896 ;  bishop 
of  London,  1897 ;  oppoeed  the  extravagances  of  some  of 
the  ritualistic  dergy ;  D.D.  Oxford  and  Oambridge ;  hon. 
LL.D.  Qlasgow  and  Harvard;  hon.  D.C.L.  Oxford  and 
Durham ;  hon.  Litt.D.  Durham.  His  works  include  *  The 
Age  of  Elizabeth,*  1876,  *Oaidinal  Wolsey,*  1888,  'Queen 
Elizaljetli,'  1896,  and  numerous  sermons,  lectures,  and 
historical  and  other  writings.  He  *  oontributed  several 
memoirs  to  the  *  Dictionary  of  National  Biography.* 


rSnppl.  iL  83] 
SRT 


CREIOETOK  or  ORIOHTOH,  ROBERT  (1593-1673), 
bishop  (rf  Bath  and  Wells ;  educated  at  Westminster  and 
Trinity  Oollege,  Oambridge:  M.A.,  1681;  professor  of 
Oreek,  1635-39;  public  orator,  1637-89;  prebendary  of 
Lincoln,  1631;  dean  of  St.  Burians,  (knrnwall,  1637; 
chaplain  to  Charles  I ;  dean  of  Wdls ;  restored  Wells 
Cathedral:  signalised  himself  by  his  outspokenness  on 
the  sins  of  Charles  II's  court ;  bishop  of  Bath  and  Wells, 
1670 ;  translated  Sguropulus,  1660.  [xiiL  69] 

ORSZOHTOV  or  CRETOHTOV,  ROBERT  (1639?- 
1734),  precentor  of  Wells ;  son  of  Robert  Creighton  [q.  v.] ; 
MJL  Cambridge,  1663 :  fellow  of  Trinity  Oollege,  Cam- 
bridge, 1663 ;  professor  of  Greek,  Cambridge,  1663-74 ; 
canon  and  precentor  of  Wells,  1674;  DJ>.  1678.  [xliL  70] 

GRE88BNSR,  DRUE  (1638  7-1718),  protestant 
writer ;  fdlow  of  Pembroke  Hall,  Cambridge,  1663 ;  M.A., 
1685 ;  D.D.,  1708 ;  prebendary  of  Ely,  1700 ;  wrote  on  the 
Apocalypse.  [xiii.  71] 

0RB88ZVOHAM,  HUGH  (<f.  1397X  treasurer  of 
Scotland:  originally  steward  of  Eleanor,  queen  of  Ed- 
ward I ;  audited  the  debts  due  to  Henry  III,  1393 ;  pre- 
bendary in  several  English  chnrches :  defeated  and  slain 
fighting  against  Wallace  at  Oamboskenneth,  1897. 

[xiii.  71] 

GRBSBWELL,  Madam  iJl.  1670-1684X  courtesan 
and  self-proclaimed  rdigioos  devotee;  satirised  by 
Rochester.  [xiii.  73] 

GREBBWELL,  Snt  CRB5SWELL  (1794-1863X  judge ; 
educated  at  Charterhouse  and  Emmanuel  College,  Gam- 
bridge;  *  wooden  spoon*;  MJL.,  1818;  barrister.  Inner 
Temple,  1819;  together  with  Alexander,  leader  of  the 
northern  circuit ;  k'mg's  counsel,  1834 ;  M.P.  for  Liverpool, 
1837  and  1841 ;   pui^  judge  of  the  court  of  common 


pleas,  1843-48:  first  judge  in  ordinary  and  organlnroC 
the  probate  and  divorce  court,  1858-e8.  [siU.  78] 

GREBBWELL,  DANIEL  (1776-1844),  dlTiae  and 
mathematician;  fellow  of  Trinity  College,  OambfUge; 
DJ).,1833:  vicar  of  Bnfldd,  1888-44;  PJLS.;  J.Frior 
Middlcwx,  1883 ;  published  mathematical  wocka. 

[ziiLTll 

GREBBWELL,  JOSEPH  (1557-1683  TXierait;  rselar 
of  the  English  college,  Rome,  1589-93;  worked  also  la 
Spain ;  rector  of  the  oollege  at  Ghent,  1631 ;  died  at  Ghent; 
published  polemical  treatises  and  religioaa  biograpUsi, 
also  a  *  Relacion  del  Bstado  de  Inglaterra  en  ri  gonens 
de  hi  Reina  IsabeUa  *  (unpublished).  [xUI.  71] 

OREBBT,  HUGH  PAUUNUS  or  8BRSNU8  (1605- 
1674X Benedictine  monk;  BJL  Oxford,  1683;  feOow  of 
Merton  OoUege.1636:  M^1639;  chaplain  to  Tbonsi, 
lord  Wentworth ;  prebendary  of  Christ  Church,  DnbUn, 
and  St  Patrick's,  Dublin,  1636 ;  dean  of  LeIghUn,  1637; 
publicly  renounced  protestanUsm  at  Rome,  1646 ;  atntUol 
theology  at  Paris ;  D J). ;  confessor  to  the  Eni^iah  nmii 
at  Paris,  1651 ;  servant  of  Catharine  of  Ifoagana,  qosea 
of  Charles  II ;  definitor  of  the  southern  province,  1616 ; 
cathedral  prior  of  Rochester,  1669.  His  chief  works  mn 
*BxomologBsis,*  being  reasons  for  his  oonverBion,  16tf> 
1653,  and  *  The  Church  History  of  Brittany,  or  »ngWr«i* 
in  two  parts  (part  L  published  1668X  He  also  edttsd 
various  books  of  oathoUo  mysticism.  [i^  74] 

OREBBT,  ROBERT  (/.  1450  ?X  CarmeUte;  wntea 
book  of  '  Homilise.'  [ziiL  76] 

OREBTADORO,  ANDREA  (1808-1879X  bihll»> 
grapher;     born  and  educated  at  Qeaoa:  FbJ).  Tarin; 

Erofessor  of  natural  phUoeophy,  Turin ;  took  oat  patents 
I  England  which  proved  usele^  one  being  for  aerial 
locomotion,  1853,  1863, 1868,  and  1873 :  diief  librmrlaa  of 
the  Manchester  Free  Libraries,  1864 ;  wrote  Italian  trea* 
tlses,  and  a  book  ou  the  *  Art  of  making  (Jatalogoea.* 

CxiiL761 
GRESWIOK,  THOMAS  (1811-1869X  landscam. 
painter;  studied  under  John  Vincent  Barber  [q.  v.];  exhi- 
blted  for  more  than  thirty  years  at  the  Bojtl  Aoadeny. 
also  at  the  Suffolk  Street  Gallery,  and  the  Britfah  Insti- 
tution ;  ILA.,  1851 ;  member  of  tbeBtdiing  Olnb ;  tavoor- 
ably  criticised  by  Rnskin.  [xiiL  77] 

GREBWIOX,  WILUAM  (1818-1888X  actor;  played 
in  travelling  companies,  and  appeared  at  Queen's  Theatre^ 
London,  1835 ;  joined  Phelp8*s  company  at  Sadler's  WeDi^ 
1846;  at  Princess's,  1847,  and  Haymarket^  1847-8; 
joint-mauager  of  the  Surrey,  1849-68;  at  Drary  Lane, 
1863-6 ;  toured  In  America  and  Austnlia ;  last  appeared 
at  Drury  Lane,  1885.  His  parts  indnded  ^>tspiir, 
Hamlet,  Othdlo,  Ii^;o,  Macbeth,  ladiimo,  and  Ktag  i^a. 

CSappLl.88] 

GREBT,  EDWARD  (1793-1858X  architect  and  dfil 
engineer:  travelled  in  England  and  on  the  continent, 
drawing  and  measuring  andent  buikiings ;  F.S^  1880 ; 
member  of  the'British  ArohsBological  Assoolattoa:  wntt 
on  sanitary  engineering,  and  the  architeotnxe  of  medlfal 
Italy,  also  an  *  Encydopssdia  of  Civil  Englneerliv/ 1847. 

CxlU.78] 

GREW,  JOHN,  first  Barox  Crew  of  Btane  (1898- 
1679),  son  of  Sir  Thomas  Crew  [q.  v.l;  HJ*.  for  An«s- 
bam,  1635,  for  Brackley,  168C,  1640,  for  Banbary,  1688, 
for  Northamptonshire,  1640;  voted  against  StiaibKdli 
attainder,  1641 ;  supported  the  *8elf-deiwing  ordlnanoe'; 
arrested  among  the  *  sednded  members  'for  not  approving 
Charles  I's  trial,  1648 ;  MJP.  for  Northunptonshfare,  1684, 
1660 ;  one  of  the  council  of  state,  1660 :  met  Charles  U  at 
the  Hague ;  created  Baron  Crew  of  Stene,  166L  [zHL  78] 

GREW,  NATHANIEL,  third  Baroit  Crkw  of  Stene 
(1€S8-1788X  bishop  of  Durham ;  son  of  John,  first  baron 
Crew  of  Stene  [q.  v.] ;  BJL.  Llnooki  CoUege,  Oxford,  1686 ; 
fellow ;  rector,  1668;  dean  of  Chichester,  1689 ;  bishop  of 
Oxford,  1671 ;  married  Dnke  of  York  to  Maria  d*&te. 
1678;  bishop  of  Durham,  1674;  privy  oooneUlor,  1676; 
rewarded  for  subserviency  to  James  II  with  deanery  of 
Chapd  Royal ;  helped  to  administer  diocese  ai  London, 
1686 ;  spe(^dly  excepted  from  general  pardon,  1680.  bat 
retained  as  bishop  of  Durham ;  benefsctar  of  diooeee  of 
Durham  and  Lincoln  College.  [ziU.  79] 

GREW  or  GREWE.  RANDOLPH (1681-1687),  artist; 
grandson  of  Sir  Rnnulplie  Crew  [q.  v.] ;  ezoeoted  a  w»*p 
of  (?he$(hire ;  died  from  violence  at  Paris.  [xiU.  9S] 


r.  TH0«4S(/.lMU),ilalbM<H ...   - 

Monl  PUoBphT.*  ISM.  (itU.  S)] 

CKKV    or    ORSWX,     Sia    THOMAS  (llfit-ISat^ 

UB,  for  KortliHipptoii, 
D,  t«U :  dntunl  the 
.Ucn  of  biberlUnoc' 

ibn  of  Ibe  escleaUiU- 


mi.  loT  i]i»biu7,  IS 


:.  i^AAO  (iiao-iBM),  >uu 

MUk  eacMy  of  Ftfnidi,  LSie-fi  IKKi  > 
Mho  el  Kwml  worta.  Ineliuilng  -A  H 
■nkBs^  PriQiib,'18U,  Uid-Tn>£  to  Um 


}M.  JASE  (iai*-ll«a),  pOBtMi  •*:  I 

|d*dMl  -Uri  oT  1^  RcfonmiUini,-  ISMi,  atid  o 

mm,  PRAKOE^  ASSE.  Linv  Chfwe  <rf.  If 
<  FHlko  OferlUe;  marriol  John  (iftomi 
— "     -  '- -'iLomiblo  blmqtjwiillr 


4a«U(ra(  FIdl 


■(  Fa,fiiiite,  maa  Sbvidiui. 


mtid  Bunn  Cnwe, 

roM  jlT81-lM8),sl 
[Hmd  heToretben 


.X.J 


pagULt; 
tiuDoI  OeWBB  IV.    [Ill 


:UiltK«ra, 


MrauTttaaMOttam 

OUCHTOS,  SIK 

Tkm.  a^   Biliic;    __, „_, 

I-C.P^  ITSt:    ptvilelui.  WHtmlnBto'   Uunltal,    1TM: 
FJjt.  mt:  F.H&,  iwu;   V.Oi.,  1818:  pUjiSdnn  lo 


Ml 


Blf«alo8imiKibi>KU.  '  [im. 

\  AKDSKW  (irw-lUt).  Uognplii 
-■-■  mt  DamfTLEf  ind  BlinburKli  K 


dHHT  tt    Touloajc  t  RgCDt,  Coll^  HHItWirt, 

fRn-  ol  ami.  Cotltsc  Ko^ :  docUv  n[  c 
P.r»,l«i»,    Hlsworki  niuiiit  chiefly  ol  j  ■' 


OUOKTOK,    JAMES.    'T>IC 


0  Pirit,  is«.  Hbi^r 


un.  ud  VcD^  lUO ;  bitralDail  td  U»  Icunsl  iForM 
M  Toiisi  bf  Uw  •cbohr-printer,  AMi»  UiDDIlud :  dlB- 
■MBldaeliteaiif  TboDii£i  iDd  ScoCfrtu :  cntot^Hd  by 
Otr^ba  AkW  at  {MB*.  IHl :  nuikMEiill}  cbiUenitsI 


u  Ongnbwl'i  Duntiie  of  bi 


rainblc  crlfctimiBl  In 


OBimiOS,  JAMBS.  ViN-oi 
lUOI.  devenduit  dI  WUIiim.  t 
crvfliA)  VlfloMiJit  PniKlmught,  lb 


OSIOHTON,  RUBEHT 
nd  Kiulsi  ol  the  Coli^  or 
nttOHTOn.  sm  ROBKRT  (/.  li 


lie  adfOMUf 


^lor  or  Scotluua :  kulgtatiil, 
oor  lo  f.no  ot  Kwwuy,  11«;  priry 
liuid:  Rilf-appoSutal  ffuanllui  ~'  *^- 
iulinl  M>a,  MUf;   ulllo]  blmn 


binacU  wltb  LtTLngitei,  who 

mpperlBl  ItejonivliliiBiigilart 
-  — --*  Bannj  OrlFhtai.  UU  ; 
II  aod  MuT,  dungblor 
[illLW] 

0R:oHT05.  OBEIOHrOS.  or  oRxmax,  WII- 
LIAM  (A  I6lfi>,  ioRuit:  enabled  cit  Uociclv  tbe  itooe'i 
k^U^  t«i:»?iipc  from  S-'ol^ 


LiTlogiton  iinl  Dixtglu:  i 
irrmiKni  raurtogd  between  itxuii: 
Df  tbo  Dnkc  o[  Ouctina,  IttS. 


ullyto 


.sVlts 


cRiDioiiTnnis, 

tieplcv  ol  Bt. 


inOed  Kiulnu?  at  Douiiy.     ^ilU.  ii] 

lERIODS  {i.  USX  bUbop  nl 
or  UtbneBbuTj  lo  ian  besi 
Dure  probably  ■  Ftldu,  ud 


imi:  tr>irdlEdo<< 


a  Kujd^aa  vpgvtAble. 


[>iU.Ml 
1888),  rojiUtot;  iT- 
Tl^bt  ol  trBding  to 
my  vitb   Ave  Dtbqn,  18)):  am  ol  tba 

i:  jmlxblul.  Ifltl  ;  H.P.  lor  Wl^belwm, 

rant;   ralMl  reelnient   for  ciuripa  ], 
Dioiqinlon  to  e<|iilp  AfUoi  'nr-vcHeli, 


flarl  la  FrKtice ;  Bupporl4d  Modi 
1880;  coai]xiuRdiil  tbe  kli«'i  d 
OotDpany,  1863 :  euitoiuii  fAnuer : 

OKIBP.  SAMUEL  (d.  17K3I, 
OKIS?,  ! 


[.IIL9B] 


t,  IBM :  I 


ID  Dutcb  Uil  EllgllBb. 


VltUbi(e.lG37:  biidlsAun 
OEtSPm,  GILBERT  irf 


OXIBTALL.  JOSHUA  (1787-1817).  painUr  Id  oil  und 

^M;.'  1H31 :  loaiKlHl  Uie  gkrtcUlDe  Sodit^ :  lodcr  in 
tie Bogllili icliool af  wmtir-cDlDun.  [ilLL  lU)] 


K^I^S^ 


iMIdI 


[lill.  nwi 
L.  OHARLBS  (I7S7~18S11.  poet :  tbnnuku'i 
•ii|in^iiucr ;  HiuiD. Oblplwter  Onlhednl,  ISW:  bUbop'i 
Terser ;  bis  puemj  pDbliflbfld  bj  AabAcrlptlon.  tbe  nonet 
■ToU»Brit\iliU*k^lietnK(>[wci>Ilr  piiii«db;RoDtbe7. 

OXODKEB.   JOH&NN   (ie70-1741).     [Be:  iJROIim, 
OaoOKFOKH,  WILLUM  (17Tt-ie4*X  proprietor  of 


[>lti.  103) 


{rf.  laoi),  Ml  of  Sir  Juin 
iwd  tbe  dSBtb   ol  IcIdh 


B  (1747-19(W),  dlTinc:  edoated  ti 
at  BoHon  Ubij  uid  Unlreitilj  Ool- 

nsc,  uiiDTii:  (Mvitor  tni  bftakderk,  1T«;  eluuM 

EogtlBb  iwif  pritnuD,  irsS :  M.A,  17M ;  Ukm  < 
ooUege.  177t<;  leu  ol  AmcUff*,  ITTt;   baid-mu 

ol  TbwldB.  IMl ;  anthor  ol  leimoiu  moi  tnctalo. 
IsKlol  em)  poLltlcaL  [tiil.  I 


OKOFT,  OEOBOB  (1 


CKOFT,  HEHUERT  (Iea9-1«B1),  biibopol  Hereford; 
mo  of  Sb-  Herbert  Cnifl  (rf,  laai)  [q.  I.] ;  Ftudcnt  at 
Dxrord.  Ule ;  plued  by  hit  father  la  the  Kngliab  ooUai^ 
at.  Omer.  nod  ormTiTted  to  csUiDliclnn :  aniTlctoT  In  tbe 
Bi^Hita  ocdlcgB,  Rome,  UtM ;  bmwbt  bwk  to  t^  Dburcb 
D,  Unbop  of  DartLun :  prebodarj  of 
,  IttO :  ebiptilD  to  OhHio  [ ;  pre- 
'.  I»4a :  cuoa  Dt  Whdior.  lUl :  daio 
I :  blBtic^ 


BiHtbtaeoUis 
of  EngUnd  ta 


of  Hereford.  16 

■e  UooDln'B  Ian :  barrin 

Utt'lwUhdiewloHHnti 

br  the  Uiv  of  Svaden  -. 
•t  Paris,  in  tvodpt  of  n 

the  BnsUib  eoTtmmait,      _     .  _ 

Yonnc  b  JofaDKHi'i '  Line  of  tbe  PoeU,' I 


oernlnff  Oluttcrton  t£ 


le  Chapel  Boyal.  It 

-■— ^— incWI- 

[.II 


onQm  wltb  tlie  Duke  ol  Pstdu,  irhen  <n 

OKOFT,  Sin  JA»BS,  the  yooneer  (/.  li 
jHiiH9iOroft(cf.  16gi>[q.T  l.^eDtleman-pea 
Kliubetti:  kniEliiBl,  leoa. 

OKOFT.  JOHN  <17S1-18M),  antlqiUTi 
trailc  at  Oporto:  sheilltof  Ynilt.  1771:  mi 


OSOFTOK.  ZACHABY  (d.  1S71J.  Ir 


illrine:  edmted 


ndplaoHda    e» 
lola  Dot  proceed 


a  17B0,  be  iDtroduoed  le 


vid.  UDder  Celae  pt«ten«s 
„  their  DwDCTK    Amviff  bin  ■ 
I  '  Tin  Abbe;  of  KIlkbuDpton,'  bdna  a 
.^_.  _, — ...   ..- ,  .^ fetatrdpn 


■Htlrisal  epitapbi.  1780,  'HorMetelaticTparli 

Hon.- 1810,  edS  'The  Will  of  King  AltndTa  tn. 

fm.  [«UL107] 

OKOFT,amJAUEB(<f.l»l>,loi<d  depatTof  trUtai 
•DdcontnlkralQiwDlillietiete'i  hooMbold;  bdebt^ 
lUr :  (ormwr  oC  HuddiiurtaD,  IHt :  Hrred  In  the  Oalali 
mindic^  lUO ;  purtflcd  Cork,  but  ww  Dnibte  to  ooDcillate 
Uliter  Mid  OmaBnght,  IHl ;  iDpUeeted  in  Wntt'i  n- 
bdlioD, and(lfU) fined M»l.;enMCili*] of  Hereford  and 
aoncTDor  of  Berwick.  1U»:  oornepondel  wltb  Knoi  od 
SeotUih  ■train:  U.P.  f«  Banfordablre,  leu,  1670,  and 

brtalof'uui)  QumslSo^lMa;  hail  tn>»nah1eljiter- 


bublJn':  expctlgd  from  tbe  UTlJt  °t 

St.  Botolph,  A 
»mmittid  to  f-  • 

League  and  Cc 


I7ABKTH(iI.H 
UTlage  of  Uatj 
n  AJdengatc  Stnet. 


CBOFTB, 

JAMBS.  Dl-KK  o»  MOXHODTH 

(1MB-1«»> 

[s»acoTt.i 

WILUAM,  B*Hos  OBons 

(IBll  !-ieT7': 

ciptaUi  of  Queen  Henrietta  U 

aria-i  giunk 

akofdTU  war, daring  «hlrb 

E«ei  and  B 

flolk,  1MB  ;    genlltmin  of   1» 

I.Tinrlw  n,l« 

6t:  oreatripeer,  l»a:HaployBlonaeTml 

wyalmlteloiu 

OKOOEAH,  GaOlUJB  (d.  ITSl),  captal 

oronlooA 

PBMayunk,  Ponmymnla  :  Brttiab  crown  agi 

tbdIs  ai'id  ( 

er,  ITW:  doputr-agent  <rllh 
io  ladlan<   l76a-  lonood  «tl 

be  P«iiu>l- 

Fort  Ptt,  176 

[itiL  116] 

OKOKE 

a  ALK\ANrRR  (17W  lS*n 

lawyer  and 

Oiford     D  D 
died  Id  Inluid. 


[07!    I 


thtrdlD 


ItSlTtnui 
knlghtnl,  1' 
i^Lit  ibl 


of  rhetoric  OmhajD  Ooflage. 
Wateratock,  Oxfordablra,  ICU 
[lUL  111] 
(lieo-lMt),  loijfe  and  law  ic- 
ird :   barriiter.  ilniHr  Ttonple, 
'..Beeraliloo.DeroDibln,  IWIi 
Loii:  iiuBDo  Ol  tbe  klng-a  bench.  Ion:  (poke 
Ip-mtmey  and  the  proaecatdoo  of   "^■"jr***. 
eporte,  written  In  NonnaD-FmnliteKteDdOMr 
(IMO-IWO).  [iliL  117] 

tfM),  lawyer: 


OKOKX,  JOHy  (c 
the  family  of  Le  Bio 
(d.   1*00)  [q.  T,]  bell 


;   V.F.,  Ohlppn- 
aathor  of    Ordl- 


IT  of  bli  tnn.  in7 :  H  J>.  (oi 


OOZK  or  DBOCHe,  RICHABD  (IISST-IHB).  O 
MdIv  aad  dlplBtiutiit ;  BlualBl  H  Eton  u>d  Elug'i 
(Ml((c,  ChoteUge  1  B.L,  ItlO;  ntuUed  it  Paii^  Itll: 
wmiiinmliil  to  Oidtt  by  BmaDiiu  lor  ptcnulu;  uiiiB- 
•■»  attbOBl  offlct;  OnA  iKturet  (1  l^nlK,  Itlf-IT, 
■tacit  tw^  OunnriM;  MJi..  CupbiidgB,  IBir; 
IUiMHbit Tin  Onk:  Icotorer  tt  Oambrldge,  ItlBi 
Mtoo  K  BLJobs'*  (Mbn  un :  DJ).,  I«H ;  mt  le  lUf 
fc  nrtlw*  Mm  optaloiii  of  maaOtU  on  UuUiu't  diTona, 
m>;  l^mi  TtefrBhiDeakc.  CtoibriiiaB.  1111 ;  reiitor  ri 
I«t  aii*»u.  KortliuaptoaiUn,  IHiTdJ),  Oamd,  lUl ; 
nwi  II  ili  wU-ilfo  d  CMdlnal'i  OnUno,  tfttrwmli  OhcW 


,t  Oifom, 

Ciiii.  UBJ 


tBOXE.UKT0N<lfHT'ieTlXfa< 

t^Iq-  '0 :  bBncbaofthBlana'l^iQple.U: 


A>,lla*i  publia  neliiUln.  [iltL  til] 

CXOZZB,  JOHN    WILSON  (I7MI-IUTX   poUUcian 
■1  «BTist;  BJ.  Trinity  College,  BoWtn-  -—•■—■  -■ 


E  o(  Jolmaoii,'  mi, 

__, u;  Rtind  train  n , 

pmi^  at  tilt  JMDCa  BUI,  ISU:  Intndaod  tbi  te 
T»»inlliM.'llnn  vhUaln  Ktlnnait  luppBrtBlmi 
UotFidontQ  IM  gsn  la  hit  Mllininca  io  Oobden'i 
Idln.lMi;  UKao|v«BlariglTulor  lUgt^ In  IHindra 
■on  'CO^ngMir';  ntUckal  Miannlii'i  >Hlit«;  of 
" "■■     -fionnm'i'Jo' 


OROLL,  l/MSa  (IgU-iaw;,  ptafileal  gEOkirM:  ip. 
iRiintlaedu  ubsdwiiKbt at Oulliuz :  workid u loiin- rt 
ButiabaiT:  kipttHnjieTuuicboMit  Blilrgoirri*,  IBII-I  : 
knpn  of  Andenniliui  UnlnniQand  Mimiiiii.  nii^in 
lau ;  kflflpAT  of  niAjfa  moA  ooTTCupobABico  of  GMdofpou 
Somrof  SooUiuL  IBM-M;  FJt^  uid  LLJ).  Bt  As- 
ilrew«,l«7«;  rtUrolowlnff  to  Ul-beilUi,  IBSO;  pablldiad 
'CUsiiiU  iDil  TlniF,'  1)171.  'Philnopblc  Butt  ot  EtoIo. 
tlcm,'  1B6U,  End  Mlier  writings  chldlj-  on  qucatlcnu  In 
plijil™!  geology.  [SoppL  IL  «•] 

OSOLLT,  WILLIAM  (178a.lUII>,  Romu  aUioUa 
urchblphop  of  Amugb :  entered  Mayiiootb,  10U1  ;  priest, 
tnud ;  piDlcBiDT  it  tUjuootb :  puiili  print  of  Betfnai, 

at  Annigb.  1H».  '  '[lUL  lU] 

OROLT,  IIUOROB  (I;au-1BM).  intbor  ud  dliiw: 
srlocnttd  at  Trinltj  Oolisgs,  Duhliii :  lloemad  to  an  IrWi 

tbe  '  Vav   T\ma '   nod  ODiitrlViular   to   tbe   '  Literary 
OaBette'and  *SlackWDdd'B  Un^ailiw' ;  lEalna]  rnigtatlon 

lat^J:   Dtt«nioon  lectnTrr  at    the   Fodndling,    1H47 ; 
wrote  ■^Utblel,'  a  tdtnance.  1KJ«,  'ratlUne.' ■  trag^. 


[tllLIU] 
OSOXASTY.  Kuue  of.    [See  Maheekeii.  Gkodoii, 

(Int  Bahl,  1U0-17U;  iI(IMCEMIK.(]E(lBOE,tllilO    Babl, 
*.  1786.1 

OBOMABTT.  Ooosr.  In  the  SwalUli  peerage  (1737- 
17W).    [See  MicKKsilK,  J.iHM.l 

ALEXAKDEtl(17l]t-l»D),  phUologlit  ud 


f-g*!^: 


[  FbllfMophlc  Neecelcj'.' 
ulam  niieSymbol*  Orltica,'  IKIS.  and  ■Natural  Theo- 
Hv.'  18M,  ilu  trutalei  on  qiwUoni  of  political  eco- 
omy.  [-U1.1M]    . 

CKOXBO,   JiUES(179D-I7MXpmb:rterlan  lubiia- 

J;»Dbryd, near  Blglu,  17ea;  loior  In  tbe  family  of  the 
^1  of  Moray;  oo-tHUitor  In  ttie  nr>t  noD-flub.ri:rlblnir 


OBOMWifiLIj 


.EoaoEfrf. 

IBJf ;  tori  BhADcellor  of  li , .  _ 

Tin'a  atlcmpt  to  mmke  tliE  ntornwun;  m.. . , 

at  WntmtuCtr  UBdlUK  upon  tin  pvlliiBBit  ol  Dnblln. 


DB0XLXB0IJtE.8AHUEL(lG1il-1« 
muter  o(  Hip  Mi'rem'  Clmpel  Kclmol, 
diestur  gruDowr  tctaool,  IMl 


i)-ns7).  dim-tor 

, .dooiirt,nHinlj; 

his  tunilly  conjprlJed  to  IniTe  Fnu«  Dpon  tbc  nvo- 
catioD  d[  Ih?  elkt  of  Nuts :  urlnd  tt  LUbuni,  Inland, 
b^ioTltnUou  ol  WUllui  lO,  fa  Uw  pufpoae  oj  luqolrlug 

. .._  .,___ . .  .^  pmJci]  ooIod;  then, 

re  ol  Inlind : 


IMS:  onittaatOicf 

vQulhem  Inland,  1717 ; 

OSOMFTOK.   Sir 

JDttlce  of  the  »u«u'>  I 
lege.  Dnblln 


ibKUT;  I 


ESe^ll 


1  of  iDimiw  u 
LlTeriKxd,  le 


iKnca;  pndiiAt«l  at  'i 


II   Mtl-olotli  In 
tuill.  lUl 


ku^bled,  ]«»»:  niaok  lo  tlie 
[ilU.  1«] 

OROMPTOM,  HUGH  (Jl.  1U7),  puet:  publlnbed 
*  roenu  by  Hugh  CromplDn.  Ok  Son  of  Bnocbiu  lod  Uod- 
ianotApoUD,'lB4J,aiidTtarld&,'10M(?).    [iliLUT] 

OBOKPTOK,  JOHN  (le]l-l«e»,  nonwiilormliit 
dlTiiie:  M.A.  EmmiuiDFl  Oollegi^ Ouubrldge :  lectun:r  it 
All  SnluU',  Derh;  ;  tmtor  of  Bn)ll>[ord ;  torcsl  lo  retire 

qjectedbjUieActif  UnllDnoity.  [jHl.  HT] 

OKOMPTOK,  RIOHARD  (A  HTS-IBW).  lawyer; 
JpDiT  Teinplc :  mnmior  nsilo-,  1675 :  Lmt  readEf,  167B ; 

Peow,"  IbSJ;  i^-nilf  '  L'AuUKtrilU:  ct  JuriRtlLctJon  de* 
Oourte  do  la  MnleitiDde  la  lloygnc,'  16M,  slid  ■The  Mui- 
■ioD  of  UagiitDtmitte,'  IIM.  [xllt  IM} 

EU)I 


WILLIAM  <1B»?-liMt).  purlttu 
llcluTil  Cromptoa  [q.  v.] ;  Edoated  at 
^0■fa^1:  M.A„  inil:  lecturer  at  Bira- 
pantor  of  tbe  idiDTCli  uf  St  Mary  Uagda- 

HlK  chief  work, '  St.  Augtln's  tlellgTaii,' 


VILL1AM  (Itll-iogs),  iiuncoi 

]ectal  from  bit  Ilrlng  ol  Call 
BcmfomiltJ'  Hi  the  Rraloiatlon 


rolt[n,T.: 


-.  uppUlDted  gOTonoT  of  LoK  1*0*> 


oompllcltr  In  biei-a  nbal- 

_, .    .^. .  ^      o,,^ 

Dl. 

tiBl- 1"] 

tJROKWMLL,  HENBY  ri«JS-l«T4X  loa  ol  OUiir 
imnnell ;  eotzred  tbe  puribamgntarT  annj  i  ««loa4 
SM ;  defnied  Lord  luohlqnln  ami  Umorlck,  lau :  a- 
_    ,-. ...  . ,  ^^ 


gale  tbe  rlfaorri 
:  •Monptef  to  R- 

lb  BdohiMnlM, 


;  Dwior-teBanl  ot  tbi 

. „ or  tbe  Iriih  oaoBeO.  MM; 

uilnit  tbe  oath  ol  ab]ant(DB  ImpoMd  nna 
i>u»i,uu<HahIU7.bDt(Ud  not  mitigate  Uk  tl ' 

It  traDHplautetfoci :  loTd-depDtT,  If""  "" *"■■ 

!ve  tbe  Biiandal  dUBenlllai  et  tta 

It  woa  tl]«aned  from  ludoe  ^  nrg*_  _ 

>e  tllle  of  king,  IHf;  adTlaed  tbe  Tmit-lllng  ol  Ik 
my.  lua;  gavernot-genenl  of  Inlaod,  IWI;  mao- 
uddlr  eolialtiJ  by  partliani  of  Prtnoe  Obailet,  IM; 
tnnmltoKiiirliiDdBiidwimtlnlo  nltremenl,  ISM ;  M 
labeeqncntl;  bud  hll  pn- 
- --saimedlDlilB  trotM 


li  and  Connangbtct 


[lULlU] 


OBOKWSIX,  OLIVBR  (16M-tU§).  tbe  Pratestei; 

._._,__.  ...  — _    .,.. —   !._ "lUeoe,  CtasbfUgt^ 

.'c  uiEu  >  uicuiuH  of  Llnooln'i  Inni 
1  noun-bier.  IGM  ;  MJ<.  for  UddH^ 


ol  nllgloiia  opInMu  In  tbe  wlianaDtai;  mmjt  aal  d» 
maudid  tbe  iltwnliaal  ot  Major-goMnl  Cnwliinl,  ai 
Intoleninl  prahjrterlcD.  but  nibeequeaUT  tonv*  tdm; 
foDglit  at  >ewbiin,  IHi  :  aoouMd  tbe  Barl  iif  lfaia<»» 
to-  of  liHlI-bimneOMM,  trbo  ntallated  bj  ehaivlii;  Ub 
with  ODDtonpt  lor  tbe  e«iW  and  pnabytBrianaTlgHi 
laigd;  helped  the  reaodiUIng  ol  tbeamnruid  tba  paHla 
or  tbe  'SeSf-denylng  Onliiiuica^'  vblob  be  n  «na3 
(romobeyhig.  15M:nUeTedl'aiiFtaa,l«M:  IM«tat«llk 
ideonilaUifordatalnaudatNuebirilMt:  t«ok  putk 
tbe  alegai  ot  Bridnwater.  Bbertnnie.  and  BrtMoClNt; 
oaptared  Devtiea,VlDcbater,  and  Baling  Boon,  IMii 
"■—'-'  *■-  ""  Hoiiae  ol  Ooamont,  1«4« :  urfiM  M 
■nmnder  of  Oitoid,  ls«a;  nood^nl 
the  amiT  In  lie  qoan^  with  iiiillaiiiwl. 
"-'ijr  (abonUnaUan  wboi  i  i HHim, 


B  pmeoutla-  '*'  '^— J*-  '  •*—  -  ' — 

uecoonoUi 

"     IdMlglBDl 

lordJieatet 
and  W«it<>td,ini 

6abiFrdub<i.KUkmnr,uroio ,__._ 

Mnbalanti  wlUi  InUouij,  bat  tartar  tke 
oatbollcvonUp!  nUniedto  EiiglBad,IlU: 
'n-ciUet,  l»u;  ddcBUd  tbe 8aa(>  Bt  Dd^bt, 
atUnd  up  diiaendaD  among  the  Scota,  naa 
>bflm  being  oonviiteed  by  fall  arguqvnta  and  honiM 
Icj;  captan.<0  Perth,  lUl;  deleated  Uia  BeotL  la 
nee  amy  w.s  Princo  Oharlca.  at  Womstar,  ■  tot 
] ;  pracuTKl  tlie  Act  o(  Pardon  and  OUlTton.  IM: 
lolred  llic  long  paillanient.  which  had  Ibon  Uadt 
iinal  ladniiiig  aaili(BCtDri(y  irtlb  the  eomplalBMel 
atmj,  lUI;  Donnked  thr  I  Itlliiiiiilla I .  ill—diri 


OBOMWEIiL 


801 


OBOOK 


ft  la  flaMcquenoe  of  its  rejection  of  a  (icbeme  for  the 
^IVMJDtOKQt  and  maintrnancc  of  tbe  clergy :  installed  as 
pHlKtot  and  bead  of  tha  exaoatire  power,  16tS ;  duriiig 
ttr  itNyBBoe  of  paiUament  issued  ordinaDoes,  baTinc 
ttv  foree  of  law  until   parUament  ottterwise  ordered, 
prvfiding  far  tlia  adminlstratton  of-  justice  in  Scotland, 
tbe  nprasentatioii  of  Ireland  in  tbe  British  parliament, 
aad  tM  ra-organiaatioo  of  the  chorch  in  England  on 
B  lines,  16M-4;  reorganised  tbe  court  of 
/•raeonunended  the  rerision  of  tbe  criminal  code, 
1117,  and  a^Krinted  new  jodges ;  engaged  in  negotiations 
for  the  Bfqahtition  d  Dunkirk,  1661 ;  signed  an  adran- 
tWBOVfnet  with  tbe  Dutch  States^eueral,  16M :  oon- 
dvlsi  osanMrdal  treaties  witii  SMreden  and  Denmark, 
IftM,  the  latter  ooimtrjr  baTing  been  recently  in  open 
to  Bkigfauid ;  ended  a  war  with  Portugal  by  a 
tffvaty,  166S :   UXLed.  to  get  unanimous  re- 
ef the  authority  which  bad  been  conferred  on 
bflBbtmrmj  from  parliament,  1664:  dissolTed  nar- 
tteOonunons  baring  ddayed  a  rote  of  supplies, 
eame  the  object  ci  ooospirseies,  which   were 
foiled,    1666 ;   parcelled  out  the  country  into 
taUPi  divliians,  each  under  the  oomnund  of  a  ma jor- 
gMHBsl,  16U;  imprisoned  lawyers  for  impugning   the 
isUdltj  ^   his  otdinanoes,  and  dismissed  malcontent 
pioldbltad  the  use  of  the  prayer-book,  1666: 
■adfoompdled  to  prosecute  the  anabaptists,  but 
tte  qoaker*  and  Jews :  sent  Blake  to  bombard 
ItW;  obampiooed  the  cause  of   tbe  persecuted 
YaoMa,  and,   by   the  influence  of  Oardiual  Maiarin, 
•bUflid  the  Doke  of  Saroy  to  respect  their  rights  as  his 
ibjetU,  ItW ;  made  a  treaty  with  France  against  Spain, 


with  the  latter  country  owing  to  its 
and  ezclusiye  cdonial  policy : 
title  of  king,  1667;  installed  Protector  a 
thst  tiring  a  stg^  to  which  the  army  did  not 
it  objected  to  the  royal  tttie,  1667 :  acquired 
t  his  own  successor ;  concluded  offensive 
ve  alHanoff  with  France,  1667 ;  formed  league 
vith  Swedm  a^sinst  the  Austrian  Hapsburgs ;  dissolTed 
the  mrtlamcBt  of  1668  in  consequence  of  its  restiTeness  ; 
agn  intcrtcned  on  bdialf  of  ttie  Vaodois  ;  humbled  the 
at  Donkirk,  1668 :  alleged  to  have  prejudiced 
of  tnde  by  friendship  for  Holland  and  hoe- 
to  Spain,  16i» ;  assailed  by  plots,  Gerard's,  1664,  and 
b^  1667;  denounced  in  a  pamphlet  entitled 
*  KOliiv  >»  Mania','  1667  :  died  of  a  tertian  ague,  8  Sept. 
IM;  boiied  in  Westminster  Abbqr,  S8  Nov. ;  disinterred 
md  hone  oo  the  gallows  at  Tyburn,  80  Jan.  1661. 

[xiil.  165] 

GtOKWXLL,  OLIVER  (174S?-1821>,   biographer; 

•oUtorln  tbe  Strand  and  clerk  to  St.  Thomas's  Hos- 

piM ;  wrote  *  llemoln  of  tbe  Protector  Oliver  Cromwell, 

udeif  taia  eons,  Blcluud  and  Henry,*  from  whom  lie  was 

[xiU.  186] 


RAIiPH,  fourth  Baron  Cromwkll 
(UMr-l4MX  ^otd  treasurer  of  England:  fought  at 
1416;  lint  summoned  to  parliament,  1438; 
of  exeheqner,  e;  14S8-8S  ;  ]otd  treasurer. 
14SMI ;  ewed  at  reUef  of  Calais,  1486 :  master  of  king's 
mnu  and  ftJeona,  1486 :  constable  of  Nottingham  Gastle, 
■Id  waideB  of  Sherwood  Forest,  1446  ;  led  attack  on 
telolk,  1449 ;  fbonded  a  ooUege  atTtittersbalL 

rSuppl.  IL  90] 
OBOMWZLL»  RIOHABD  (1686-17I9X  ^^ord  Pro- 
helar ;  ttiid  son  of  (Hirer  Oromwdl :  member  of  Lin- 
cala*B  Imw  1M7 :  MJ>  for  Hampshire,  1664,  for  0am- 
Mdlge,  IMt ;  memher  of  oommittee  of  trade  and  naviga- 
tiaa,  1666  ;  chanorilor  of  Oxford  University,  1667 ;  mem- 
biref  ths  eeoneil  of  state,  1667 ;  sat  in  Cromwell's  House 
if  Loids;  twioe  nominated  as  his  father's  successor, 
11  AoK.  Mid  9  Sqpt.  1668 ;  proclaimed  protector  amid 
aatieCaotkm ;  refused  tbe  petition  of  a  number  of 
\  that  a  eoounander-in-chief  should  be  appointed, 
iiiawiil  the  pay  of  tbe  soldiers,  1668  ;  compelled  to 
to  the  retirement  of  bis  chief  adviser,  Thurloe, 
IM :  t"*'*"*"'  to  ignore  his  father's  treaty  with  Sweden ; 
as  bis  father's  suoceawr  by  parliament,  1669; 
the  r%fat  to  make  peace  or  war ;  m>poeed  bv 
in  the  matter  of  supplies  and  by  Fleetwood, 
vhotaok  advantage  of  the  grievances  of  the  army  to  stir 
■p  isatiny :  driven  to  throw  in  hit  lot  with  the  army  and 
paiUameot  81  AprU  1669 ;  obliged  to  recall  the 
It,  7  May  1669;  said,  probably  without 
ition,  to  have  tntrlgoed  fbr  the  restoration  of 


the  Stuarts  :  practically  deposK<d  by  tbe  army,  May  1669  ; 
appealed  to  Monck  for  pecuniary  assistance,  arrange- 
ments  formulated  by  parliament  for  tbe  payment  ^his 
debts  having,  come  to  nothing,  166U ;  retired  to  tbe  conti- 
nent and  lived  at  Paris  under  tbe  name  of  John  Clarke. 
1660;  returned  to  EngUnd,  c.  1680,  and  lived  in  retiie- 
"«»>*•  [xiU,  186] 

OROMWILL,  THOMAS,  Earl  of  Emr  (1486  7- 
1640X  statesman;  compelled  to  leave  England  when 
young  owing  to  a  misdemeanor  ;  said  to  have  been  pre- 
sent at  tbe  battle  ofGarigliano,  1608 :  escaped  to  Florence 
in  a  state  of  destitution ;  much  of  his  euiy  bistny  un- 
certain in  point  of  date,  its  obscurity  being  increased  by 
the  fact  that  he  was  sometimes  called  *  Thomas  Hmyth  * ; 
clerk  at  Antwerp ;  visited  Italy  a  second  time,  and  intio- 
duoed  himself  to  Pope  Julius  II,  in  company  with  one 
Geoffrey  Chambers ;  stated  by  Cardinal  Poieto  have  been 
clerk  to  a  Venetian  merchant ;  engaged  In  money-leuding, 
legal  practice,  and  cloth  dreasing  In  RngUn.!^  c.  1618 ; 
appointed  by  Wob«y  collector  of  the  revenues  of  the  see 
of  York,  1614 ;  entered  parliament,  1688 ;  humoured  the 
king's  designs  upon  France,  wbUe  deprecating  their  imme- 
diate execution  ;  memiier  of  (Iray'rt  Inn,  1684  ;  one  of  the 
commissioners  appointed  by  the  Influence  of  Wolwey  to  In- 
quire into  tbe  state  of  the  smaller  monasteries.  1696 ; 
showed  great  harshneas  when  on  this  commlnioa;  re- 
ceiver-general of  Cardinal's  College,  Oxford ;  managed  all 
Wolsey's  legal  business,  as  his  secretaij,  drawing  up  the 
deeds  for  the  foundation  of  Cardliuil's  College  and  Ipswich 
College :  pleaded  Wolsey's  cause  In  the  House  of  Commons, 
1 689 :  suggested  to  Henry  VII I  the  policy  of  making  himself 
head  of  the  church  of  Englfuid,  and  so  facilitating  hla 
divorce  from  Oatberine  of  Arragon ;  attempted  to  convert 
Cardinal  Pole  to  tbe  doctrines  of  Macbiavelll,  1689 ;  privy 
councillor,  1681 ;  master  of  the  jewels  and  master  of  the 
king's  wards.  1688;  obtained  grant  of  the  lordship  of 
Homney  bi  Newport,  South  Wales,  1682  ;  medium  of  com- 
munication between  Henry  VIII  and  Chapuys,  the  Im- 
perial ambassador:  ohanoellor  of  the  exchequer,  1688; 
Jdng's  secretary,  1684 ;  master  of  tbe  rolls,  1684 ;  endorsed 
the  frivolous  charge  of  treason  against  Bishop  Fisher, 
1684 :  vicar-general,  1686  ;  commissioned  to  bold  a  gencnl 
Tisitotion  of  churches,  monasteries,  and  ctergy,  1686; 
chancellor  of  the  university  of  Cambridge ;  took  a  great 
part  in  procuring  the  dissoloUon  of  tbe  smaller  monasteries 
1636  :  convoyed  Anne  Boleyn  to  tbe  TOwer,  1686 ;  made  lord 
privy  seal  and  Baron  Cromwell  of  Oakham,  1686 ;  knight 
of  tbe  Garter,  1537;  dean  of  Wells,  1637;  appointed  to 
ovemee  the  prinUiig  of  the  bible  for  five  years,  1639  ;  re- 
warded with  confiscated  lands  of  the  larger  monasteries, 
1638-40 ;  lord  great  chamberlain  of  England,  1689 ;  nego- 
tiated the  marriage  of  Henr>'  VIII  with  Anne  of  Cle^s, 
1639 ;  created  Earl  of  Essex,  1640 ;  accused  of  treason  by 
the  Duke  of  Norfolk  and  executed,  the  king,  who  was  dis- 
satisfied with  Anne  of  Cleves  and  the  German  protestant 
alliance,  not  interposing,  1640.  [xilL  198] 

G&OMWSLL,  THOMAS,  fourth  Baron  Cromwell 
id,  1668X  son  of  Edward  Cromwell  [q.  v.] ;  created  Vis- 
count Locale,  1694,  and  Earl  of  ArdgUas,  1646. 

[xUL  1611 

OBOXWXLL,  THOMAS  [KITSON]  (1798-187oi  dls- 
oenting  minister ;  entered  literary  department  of  Messn. 
Lcmgmans ;  unitarian  minister.  Stoke  Newlngton  Green, 
1889-64;  F.8.A.,  1888;  minister  of  the  old  presbyterian 
congregation  at  Canterburv;  chief  works,  *  Oliver 
Cromwell  and  his  Times,'  1891, '  Tbe  Soul  and  tbe  Future 
Ufe,*  1869, '  The  Druki :  a  Tragedy,'  1838,  and  a  *  History 
of  the  Ancient  Town  and  Borough  of  Colcbetiter,'  1826. 

[xUL  803] 

OBOKAV,  Saint  (7th  oentX  abbot  and  founder  of 
Roecrea,  Tipperary ;  bom  in  Monster ;  travelled  over  the 
south  and  west  of  Irdand  founding  monasteries ;  appeased 
the  anger  of  Fingen,  king  of  Caswl,  against  tbe  people  of 
Ely,  a  district  on  tbe  borders  of  Connaught  and  Munster. 

[xUL  909} 

OBOHX,  ROBERT  (d.  1779),  landscape-painter;  a 
native  of  Dublbi ;  exhibited  paintings  of  Italian  scenery 
at  the  Society  of  Artists,  1768-9,  and  the  lioyai  Academy, 
1770-8.  [xUL  9081 

OHOOX,  JOHN  (1617-1699),  quaker ;  knight  of  the 
alUre  for  Bedfordshire,  1668 ;  commissioner  of  the  peace : 
joined  qnakers,  and  lost  bis  commission,  1664 ;  tried  at 
the  Old  Bailey  for  ref usbig  tbe  oath  of  alleglanoe,  1668 ; 


a,  but  ioon  tTbcTHttd ;  Impriiowd  ftfr&in, 
iu  Am^ocj  for  tbe  Qoueni,'  IB6S,  and 
!  quabs  uegsiti.  [lUL  >H] 

HISUCUH  (Urg-lUf),  P^ddu :  Hbali 

BMlil'ebem  Hfapie^U  IB 


■gain,     Bni^midT.  UTI  uiil  UTl;  ranor  d( 

OSOSST.  THOMAS  (A.  1TM),  utbor  nf '  HMoit  ■>( 

tlH  BiptieU';  dnoOD  ot  tbe  tsptlit  cbmsh,  Hordc^ 
dnwn :  cblet  wnrki,  ■  •Bittorf  ot  tbe  KwUih  fiaptMa 
from  tbe  BvfDTDmtlaa  to  tbe  bevbiabif  of  tbe  IMfn  ti 
Oeirge  i;  lTlB-«a,  and  •  Tbe  Book-taepet'i  Oi^' m*. 

OBOSniLL,  J0HK{lTtlT-18U),TMoBaaQtat:  id(» 


CkmbTUge;  Mlcm  ot 
philoeophj  F^^BJ-  kn  the  imbllo 


HalU  Omhridii, 
loel  OoUege :  rbetotio  and 
-  ■  -  ■  ■       ■  Wrtng- 


TrlnKjF  OcOkf^,  OimbiUgB,  Utt[ 
IXIMI7IS:  notor  ol  Onat  WaldlntAdd,  Ballalk,  U»i 
look  part  In  oonlerenccfl  between  '^^ql^'*  oburobiQea  and 
Bi)nan(iallHllaa,Ul)l;  nried  Qirtirrlglil  topsbUtb  hie 


■ I.  JOHN  (!I0§-1«6X  oaT^'iptain : 

itilTM;  captain  ol  tbe  Lcnreatoft  rrlgate,  IT43; 
appcanl  onwIIUnc  la  rlik  flgbting  on  tbrse  ooouUme, 
tliirebr  oantns  gmml  dlioaalent.  1743. 174e.  and  1T4T; 
obantd  aiUk  na^Mt  tt  Aatj.  and  (Unulned  bj  oourt- 
marua]  at  Jamaloa,  1747 ;  brought  froandlea  aDonaatJODi 
od  im&lniMa  aaaimt  tbe  ooart,  17B9  and  1771  i  oltimately 
natoced  U  ttaahall-paj  r' ■^' ■-  '-'■' 


It  HeroliaDt  Tafli 

wnmaiiiiel  OoU^e,  Oambrklge ; 
tinelaun  College,  Londoo,  "■ 
1«U;  FAS,  IHli  — • — 


U(itu-ie84),ptiT>i- 


OXOSnXIO,  OBOBOB  (17Bt-iSi1\  botanlit;  dd 
In  tlw  BooletT  of  fiia^s.  l»f;  pnblUbed  '  Calendar 
nora.'  IBiO,  'Memoin  el  &  FoCliEiglU,'  1U7,  and  n 


THOUAB  (lUO-lSM),  (heokiflan  and 
d  at  Uk  old  oiAlege.  Beltul.  1841;  n- 
ilonvUb  tbe  Bellaet  Dnaa:  IteenedtD 


llMofon,  le, 
■1  Pkouit^,  In 


tlMBTiMn).  Maa.  QAMILLA  DUFOCB  (ISll-UHX 
[BeeToDUUB.] 

0X08LT,  SAVID  (1170-1744),  baptlit  mtnlito :  arW- 
nallf  itoDemiaon  at  Waliden ;  ndiMer  at  TottMu^ 
nar  lancuCer,  ie9i-17iu;  pastor  of  tha  miHaata 
bapti(tabsrcb,OnrTien'HalL  Loudon  Wall.  ITOi;  gnond- 
leal;  alandend,  and   expelled,  1718;     tent  (ebaol  M 

, jit  of  Qeorga  Whltefield;  pob- 

and(17n}apaem,enUUed  •Adam.iite* 


■baUIl( 

poor ;  diioctor  ot  tbe  LItotikidI  and  Uancbeetei  rallwaj^ 
1UK>;  itarted  agrlouLtoral  indiutrlal  achotA  nflar  War' 
Ilncton,  IBU.  [lUL  30B] 

CZOBBIZ.  ANDEBW  (d.  17»),  Boottlih  adnxBte; 
atatodlobavB  been  tbe  orlgbial  ot  ■  OooiwUlor  Plejdell  ■ 
iQ  *  Qaj  y*mi*iHng ' ;  frieod  ol  Johneoo  and  fioawell : 
,_.  ._  .,^__j  _, . [iUL»J»] 


•dnoaWd  at  ioroeitet 

In  tLe  BnoTd  Om«i:    barriac 
■ditad,  mi-gl,  'Oaleodar  ol 


K  (ISli-lsai),  areblrtit: 
Oniord;  B.A^IUS;  clerk 

Bipen'   (Pinvlgn 


r,  BBABS(17U-lT«g),la 


1.  17S8-r4 :  lonl 


or  of  tbe  Iriita  Hoc 


1  to  tbe 


naotaMtX?' 


:  dnobjOL 

knlgbted,  IMl ;  TOliaeiinei    .  _.. 

CaOBS,  JOHN  (ISlt-lMlX  painter'.  itDbtd  at  BL 
..U-.  I, — . .  ....  .,.  p,^^j)|^[,_,_.  __..__..  _ 

deoQvatla  

■  plotuTVi  by  wt^eb  hi 

. , — . niBBo/of  Rlobaiil  Oaopqr 

lion  towardl  Bertrand  de  Oooidon,'  at  tbe  eiblUHon  al 
'S47:  eent  hlitwlaj  plotnrea  to  tha  Boyal  AoaAaQ; 
rokt  dowD  Diidar  peoDulai;  [aUnte.  IxOL  lU] 

WaS,^JIARY   AKS_ar    HAJOAX    Q^I-mD), 


galUml-  - 

any  [q.  -r.i,  a  ribbon  mai 
flniibad  l£fai  Brabanfa  U 


A  Qenera,  1S4> ;  on  rMonilns  to  Bw- 

1  tbe  'Wostmlnaler  Bartow.'  of  v^& 

i—iin  (letl)  aielatant  adlior;   ndsiiBd  tha  paM. 
toaulaled  Fonnbaob'a  ■  Baamoa  of  OhitiUaiilb,' 
ittncted  bj  paeUiiiim;  tonned  a  llldiai  oMib 
t  legal  fDrm  with  Oeinge   Beorr  lnwm,  UH: 
Berlin,  18u:  pab|[>bal-Ani«  Barton'  aeriaUrla 
wood'i  Kagaatne.'  18(7,  aadn  U»  paeodoBjiu  at 
'Oeorge  Eliot';  pubUihed ■  Soenea  ol  OerlBal  Ule/UM, 
..J —  ,._j_,  .....  ._     .....      ,  jji^  pia«;  iMO,  iM 

■""■  andlKUIn 


helped  Eo  np«l 
kntfited,  14^1 ; 


,  MnipndiuBd  'The  E 


Om  ■  tutor  mt  Xcw  Tork,  ■  liu  IWO-  lo  uddltlin  w 
iBMNk  OS  poblkbil-AntW  kpDBID,  ISM.  'JuDcI 
••<  attK  hni^'  laj*,  ud  muT  anjK  fli«  olBlrwd 
ball  ka  Moki  to  M  an  sMImIIb  Muba  and  to  bi- 
krpM  pUkB^ilal  Uh.  Hon  of  Iw  nonli.  d«H|riIe 
tba  (otento  didiwtklam, Hud  In  Oe  Bnt  »iik  of 
■Mkiyb^^  [illi.  IIS] 

axOU,  mOSABL  <«.  lUO-lSWl.  painter:  copkd 
piEtara  for  OhulB  I  In  Sain  and  lE^  :  iriwntd  ts 
•«*  enamd  ■  cop;  o(  a  Uidoaaa  Df  Baphad  to  iieca- 
-      ■  •■iHllbUwoHRluaL 


(IGlt-IMfl).  Fran'TlMaa: 
^memL,  ivs,  ifiit  ibou,  and  ISW;  cbaplum  to 

[jBtaucm,'  a  panpbraie  m  tl»  SUUi  Pulm.  11170. 


IMUiE  luttST.  >»'•  [»U-  >»] 

raoeSE.  JOH>:(in»-iaiB),Ti(VDf  Bndlcinl;  ■Ca- 

WHUid  to  Uw  lAck  Cluvel,  LondoD  rinoonwralal  B  Jk! 
■  Clirnhridat.  ■"'-  "'     —---'——    -——-.—  - 


L.  Kins'!  Oollagi-.  Cambrldgs , 


ntOBBLXT,  Bin  FRAKOIS  (IRl7-lBTI).caTpn  maaa- 
Bctom  and  phllaDUjrapM :  arlth  bie  tellw,  John  0km- 
(jr,  add  bmUHn,  EonnitntBl  tl»  flrtn  of  J.  OiwIit  a^ 
<oiiE.  cariKt  manDhotonn,  Halitu  ;  applM  maohlncrr 

^.  ^^u^^  j_i_i^g  ^j^mjj  bniyl^loonlB  :  to^jar  of 


k  to  the  loKuauevpla,  IG 
Ircoat  Mm,    1M0;   c» 


on  Htimmla.'  gamrMj  aacrtbad  to  Sir  Tbomu  Brawna, 
lor  WUklii*(  dUoD  ol  U»t  anthor :  utrtott  ■wUb  Tbomaa 
Alniworth,  IBUi  pnakknt  of  Um  Inoorpsntcd  I^w 
AuoclaUaa  at  UanalHaiiir,  1H0  and  IU7i  pmUoit  of 
the  Manahstar  AUmiBam,  IHt-tO ;  famed  Cfaatliam 
Roirkty,  IHtt.  beomilDK  pnaident.  IMri :  adllcd  Dr.  Joho 
W'arth|jifrtod'i'IHarT/lH8-H.  [iUl.m] 

OROSSXAH,  SAUnifL  (l«)4M«Mk  AItIh  and 
poet:  HlucaWd  at  FTmbtoke  OollctR.  CambTUgli  BJ>^ 
1«SU;  nvlotof  Little  HeunT,  Bwi :  ejMlM,  IMt ;  pn- 
beodarj  ot  Brinol,  laST:  dno  dI  BrUtm,  ICBi^:  pnb- 
liibBl  hoDilletJo  poenu  and  Hrmoni.  [lUL  tW] 

(Sw  Hdhb,    filB 


ID  (t«a-i:oT). 
CBOSTOS.  THOMAS  (I80a?-1SE 

osoTCH.  WILLIAM  (inn-imr 


t).     [Sh  Oun- 


UX10IM.  limj'itvi,  at  At  i/oun  t  i^ouem*  if  b/,  am  as  jH. 
Mar;').  Oiforil:  profHur  ol  mufic.  inT-im:  Uoa. 
Doc.,  mi:  pnbllnlnliiivtclilngtot  niitatChanti,l«W: 
mrmlirrot  tbc  PhniiarBionlii Boelely.  1HI4-1>:  Ont  piln- 
dp&l  of  ILa  Royal  Acadamr  of  Muilc,  imS-ftl ;  pland 
tbp  onran  at  a  BHidd  fMiyal,  Wgitmmrta  Lbbrr,  lA*  : 


aUMK,  wnXIAH  If.  lUOi  poet  and  traailator:  ' 
^iMia  at  St.  Hair  ^0.  OHM:  iLA^UU:  pnvtKr  I 
WHrMBHdBomifinBlniBrt  at  Ckdla.iast,aDd  to  ! 
II  I     J  IT  (baNouo^at  BobMIb,1«>0:  -rote  a  : 

MB  aCwnaa  oi  Uia  BvwUi  inn  In  Holland,  IMt ;  I 
■eUaliaaala  ta  UwBid  OriBaatDda^  'HIatarle  of  0» 
TdfiMf  h;  lOT :  MutoMd  adIoM,  lot.   [lUL  Iff] 

CBOmST,  I>&TID(l«)V-lf44X    [SmOboMt.]         ' 


eleglH,  paMgTiioa,  and  Tmaea 
the  BTente  of  bli  tloie.  [xill.  3U] 

OBOnOH,    NATHANIBL    (18MT-17MfX    mlweUa- 


CSOVOB,  WILLIAM  (UM-inOi,  qoaker;  appm- 
oed  to  an  opbidfteier  of  Oomhill.  Utt :  imprianniid  tat 
ibulutg  to  fmr  Itlua :  deolliwl  to  be  paiiiJi  conitabla, 
Ml:  umplainedof  the  peniiFcution  of  btiKct  to  Arsb- 
-■-—  " %  IBM:  publUljed'Tlie  BDormoni  aLool 


OBOYl/AND 


OKOW,  MITFOHC  (d.  17la>,  eoloDel; 
lipLoiDKlla  oK^at  Ip  OiitAloala  efpnuwd  Uic 
UcbdoliE  atiarJM :  fniiienioF  ol  BucladM,  1i 
kiutbamplou  :  riHcwl  of  BwUt. 


Lnrrl.wrot  Udo 

tHIl :  Q.C.,  1837;  u J-^  LiftHRi.  [Mi>-M ;  pain 

lnilwaiiinolcaiiiuiMiuleuuid1aUght«l,lSM 

to  Uv  udnUnlt;  iwil  jnliie-KlToaU  ol  the  Ben. 

OKOWK.  OATHBRTNH  (1B1»?-1S7«),  nop 
writer  (m  tbeiaperutaraL :  n^f  Stcnma ;  c^hM  v 
'  Night  Sidt  ol  rfstare.'  IMS.-SirirltuBliin 


n  Hopl.y,'  I; 


[lUL  M7) 


Itilt.   INi; 
lioi^:  fditor 

■  Htstorj  o! 

;    publisbed 

aOtxyut 


OKovs.srRB  EVASa  (i7»»-i8e8), 

UKd  at  Tiinllj  Collide.  DubUn ;  vliiu 
Parli  romipimdnit  ol  the  ■  Morning  OhniDi< 
of  lie  ■  rWlj  News.'  l84B-tI ;  oontribato"  - 
FrABotf '  to   LATdna'B  '  BnorelopibdlA,'  1 
■  The  Onsk  uid  Uh  TDTk,'  lUS,  ■  RltUiT 
uil  Oliula  X,'  1«K  uul  noRli,  UH-H.       |.»u, . 
OaOWX,  sot  JOSEPH  AII0HBR(lg3e-lSK),iD 
lit,Ht4ritio.Hid«imiDerda]>HM)i«;HnDlB}Te_    __ 
Orowe  [q,  Tj  ;  ^^^^r  ooneipoodent  for  ^  HonUng  Ohro- 
dlols '  uid  ■  DillTKnn,' lSt> :  oomtnidttit  M  ■  muit — "-' 
London  I4«n '  in  GrlmeB,  and  to  *  Thnei '  dnrliu  1 
l£nUnj,  lUr,  ud  nr  iMtmen  Anatala  mill  Iti^, 
ooniol'^tBcnl  lor  Buonj,  IHO :  aonin' •  ■— 

e~  iiiu  ind  Rhentih  ProrlnonMSTt ;  d 
embuMn  itt  BarUn  and  Vleniu.  .     ...  _ 

■tt«he for irholeotKiirope.reAdingUPBrU,  1889;  u.m 
tsaii:  K.O.tLG-  1S9U;  publlttaed  1u  oDllBbonUan   vlth 

pdjithiK.  '  [Supp1.lL  93] 

OBOWE,  WILLIAM  (Ifll»-1BT1),  hibllogniplier  ;  Bia- 
mUA  It  CUas  UsUiee.  OBmbrldge :  obHplaln  uA  »hnii1- 
EUElir  of  the  bmplul  of  Bolj'  Trlnltf .  Croydini,  leeS-TJ  ; 
oomtDitt^d  Bu!uld«.  Hia  htbUognphlcoL  work  wu  ex- 
eliMlvclTConamalwlth  thewripturn.  [ilU- 338] 

OROWZ,  WILLIAU  (d.  IT49).  dlTJM:  idantsl  at 
TrtiiLly  HiUI.OiiinbrUlee:  (elLow,  ITli;  lil.A,  1T17:  D.D., 

FhioiilB)'.  1 

publWhed •wmt™."' '"" "" "'"*  ""'""  "  [.hlmbY 
DBOWI.  WILLIAM  {17U-I839).  poet  uul  dlvlns 
KhoUr  of  Whicbvtor  Ontlt^e,  17AB;  fellow  of  Kev 
OoUc«)%  OHord,  1787:  B.C.L..  177!;  nwtof  o(  Altar 
Mroei,  WIIUblR.  1797-1^19;  poMlo  ontnr.  Oitord 
1T84-1B»;  kcUiml  rm  poett;ne  tlie  RnyiJ  liutitutiDn 
mCbor  ol  'LewcfdoD  Hill.'a  jwnn,  17l».aiiil  oltevmi 
aeiDoni  anil  oratioiu :  edited  Oollbu'i  pcenu,  1819. 

"    11.  IM] 

d'^iae  M 

_lioaOollua,i „^ 

KD.,  UU:<iaial«0[«t  St.  Marry  Ounbrldge, 

rlmr  o(  Waoglonl-eirai-IlcTdon,  SuHolfc   IBM:    

pampblaD  on  anlTEnriO'  mattm  :  tcaTellad  In  Bim>t  hi 


Uatwl  -  Fncmthta  ETUgaUm,'  isro. 


Royal  AmilFniy.  1H9« ;  mtmbiir  nt  On  Refml  HlNmiu 
Acailemy.  l»^ :  pfdnt«d  historical  pieCurea  and  portraita, 
[i(LL  U\i 
OSaWLXY,   FBTGR  O'NKILL  riH!i-18«7>.  Fcnlu; 

Wood,lM7.  [iUL«l] 

OEOWtBT,    OKDLX,     or     OaOLSlTB,     ROOEBT 
<l(lH!-lIi83|,nDthor.  prInKT,  and  dliiw:  dctnY.  Micda. 
Dolled,  OifOnl ;  prohalh 


oouipfllnl  toei , . 

earlr  in  rhHrlm  ll'i  man  ; 

Iaiid'(tragl-™iii«ly).  1671,  and  ' Hidtorj  of  Otaarlea  Ik* 
Kflhth,'  a  thymlrui  tra^rd^,  IS71;  ntlrtied  BrUUt 
'KroprtM  of  Uorosco,'  1873;  pnpared  ■Oallato.'  a  amt 
nuKitir.  1fl7fi :  prodHfAd  *  Sir  Ooartl  j  Sloe.'  nmidj,  ItBt, 
'Darius.'  tragedy,  issa.  and  'DKnaldK.'  harksitoe  yma, 
IS8I;  pabUabad  "The  Murltd  Bean.'  ■  conatj.  ISM: 
wiotf  raiKB  aiul  a  lew  other  dniiiaa,hidi>Iilig  'Thyeatet,' 
founded  on  SmFis's  piny.  IS81.  (illL  141] 


I,  JAMBS(17«g-lM7),bo 


..  JONATHAN  (1760-1814).  mU: 
a  Smtlaod  hy  John  Wealey.  1787 :  | 
loE,  181B:  priBidmt  o:  ■■-  "  ■■ 


mlnliMr;   oephrw  of  Jenatln 

indhl.  lM7-« :  c . 

Ina^tuUoD  at  Dld^bnry.  lAnoaaMre.  18 

Wnl^  ColtcRe,  ShefBold.  IiliL  IMl 

OEOWTHBB,  l^AllUBL  ADJAI  (ISOSJ-ISnXnefRi 
bUihop  ol  the  Kurer  territory  from  IBM  miileiith:  ban 
of  neuro  pHrpniH  In  tlie  Tarnba  mmtt;.  Weat  AHei: 
carrleloftusEilaTr.butrecoremdbyBrltlata.lgtl:  at^lai 
aC  Pounh  Bnj  OoHetn^  ^em  Leoae ;  ardahxil  In  Kr-a^'nll, 
IBiS ;  mlnlonary  In  Vorutu  coantrj.       [SapfL  U.  SI] 

OKOXALL,  nODNBY  (Jt.  17U),  brother  tf  aonri 
(Iroxall  [1.  T.]t  prebendnry  of  HarJDrd.  ITtt;  LMauiii, 
17«,  IiULtff] 

OBOXALL.  !?A^fUEL  (d.  1T»I,  mbudlaBMai  wills: 
oincatnl  at  Blod  nnd  St.  John^l  OoUen  Oaabdan; 
MA_  1717:  D-D..  17111;  pratandu?  ofHenftid,  HIT 
and  173D :  tieat  ol  St.  Mary  SoninH  aad  SA  JUtj 
Honnthftw.  London,  17I1-B1:  arebJeaoon  itf  ShKUkbh 
1791;  ohano'llor  ol  HunloM.  17»;  boat  ■  haoaa  «Wi 
tbe  materials  of  an  anolant  shailBt  In  HarelOcd  Cbttaadnl: 
pobllilud  '  An  Original  Quito  of  Spenor  (ilcV  ITU  nfl 
1714  (aaChv  on  the  bri  ol  OitoidJ,  >TIh  Woo,' ITlAs 
— -nation  of  Orid-a  ■  Motaaorpbon*.'  IHT.  'Tla  ttta 


OBOXTOK.  THOMAS  <18l»7-ll 
parUamentArian  ai —    ""f-   .-^i-i 
Obaalf  r,  IftM ;  6tU 
■>—--■-  -,jili,t,  fnr  uiw 
"""    pDBBlhlj  re 


''tM.M 


. ..  —iiif-lCliesterCWtleas 

{IHLHI] 
CBOmVH,  BOOSR  or  (d.  IJU  ?>,    [3c«  ttoBtt.] 


OBOZTEB 


305 


CRYSTAIili 


FBAKOIS  RAWDON  MOIRA  (17M?- 
1M8X  OAvy-captain  *.  w«nt  to  the  Gape  of  Good  Hope  m 
mafee  at  the  Botenel  sloop,  1818 ;  aocompanied  Oaptain 
Parry  in  Arctic  TtqrBgef,  18S1-7 ;  lieutenant,  1826 ;  aerred 
off  Portogal,  1831-ft ;  commander  of  the  Oo^e,  1837 :  went 
with  Bow  to  explore  Antarctic  Ocean,  1839 ;  disooyereil 
north  wul  pat—ge  in  company  with  Sir  John  Franklin 
(raooid  foaDd,  1819) ;  loet  in  Arctic  regions,  1848. 

[xili.  248] 

GKOinar,  Alexander  (17oi-i77ox  author  of  the 

*  BSbSeal  Oonoocdance  * ;  educated  at  Uariachal  Col- 
lege, AlMrtHD :  M.A. :  anumueuBis  to  the  tenth  Earl  of 
Derby,  1799;  discharged  on  account  of  his  ignorance  of 
Pieock.  im :  tutor  in  the  Isle  of  Man ;  bookseller  in  the 
Bofal  ■■change,  London,  1782 :  published  his  *  Conoord- 
aoos^*  mt :  became  insane,  1738 ;  escaped  from  oonflue- 
naft,  ITU;  cm  reeled  works  of  learning  for  the  precis: 
bdigtea  Wmiwlf  divinely  appointed  to  reform  the  nation ; 
leueited  with  gnat  respect  at  Oxford  and  Cambridge, 
17M ;  wrote  pamphlets  on  his  experiences  and  contempo- 
nry  evoiti;  repalsed  by  the  daughter  of  Sir  Thomas 
Abwy,  to  whom  he  paki  his  sddnwses,  17M ;  founded 
binuy  at  Iffarischal  OoUflge,  Aberdeen.  [xiiL  249] 


.,  WILLIAM  (172ff-1786X  Scottish  divine; 

a,  1748:  minister  of  the  Scottish  presby- 

tarian  drarefa,  Corent  Garden,  1778 ;  chief  work,  '  Nature 
Spiritaalind,'  a  book  at  religioos  poems.         [xUi.  261] 


OBOROE   (1792-1878X  artist   and 
;;  son  of  laac  Cmikshank  [q.  ▼.]:  his  ear- 
nest important  caricature  *8ir  Francis  Burdett   taken 
fran  his  booM,  Noi  80  Piccadilly,  by  warrant  of  the 
Speaker  d  the  House  of  OommoDs,'  1810 ;  supplied  etch- 
ings to  *  The  Sooorge,*  a  satirical  periodical,  1811-18,  and 
to*TlM  Meteor,*  1818-14;  produced  caricatures  of  Bona- 
parte.  Joanna  Soutboott,  the   purchase  of   the   Elgin 
and  oootemporary  erents ;  did  much  to  put  an 
to  the  death-po^ty  for  forgery  of  bank-notes  by  a 
entitled  *  Bank-note  no<  to  be  Imitated,'  1818 ; 
prodnoed  ooioared  etchings  for  the  'Humourist*  (series 
of  tales),  1819-fl,  and  two  rolumes  of  etchings  for  Orimm*e 
'Fspolar  Tales,*  1824-6,  by  some  considered  his  master- 
pieee:  prodooed  *  Phrenological  Illustrations,*  1826;  snb- 
^rttntea  wood-cngniTing  for  etching,  1828 :    issued  the 
firs  tanmher  at  the  *  Oomic  Almanack,*  1836 ;  engraved  for 
VkkBotB  ^Bbetobes  by  Boa,*  1886  and  1887 ;  designed  a  cover 
and  sappUed  128  plates  lor  Bentiey*s  *  Miscellany,*  1837-43 ; 
amtested  Afaisworth*s  *  Tower  of  London,'  1840,  and '  Qny 
hwkBB,*  1841,alao*Ainsworth*8Magazine,*  1842-4 ;  claimed, 
wttheot  modi  show  of  reason,  to  have  suggested  to  Dickens 
the  story  of  *  CMiver  Twist,*  and  to  Ainsworth  the  general 
plsa  at  the  'Miser's   Daughter';   started   *The  Table 
Book,*  a  nmsoellany,  1845  ;  iUostrated  for  it  Thackeray's 
the  Rhine  * ;  published  '  The  Bottle,'  a  famous 
1847,  and  *The  Drunkard's  Children,'  1848,  in 
of  the  caose  of  total  abstinence ;  essayed  a  new 
*s  Magarine,*  which  he  soon  dropped,  1864 ; 
nppHed  frontispiece  to  Lowell's  *Biglow  Papers,'  1869; 
ssithical  pamphlet  against  General  W.  Napier's 
on  the  British  volunteers  of  1803,  1860,  and 
a«ainst  spiritualistic   stenoes,  1868;   exhibited 
ol  paintings  at  the  Royal  Academy  on  humorous  subjects, 
aodi  as  •Moses  dressing  for  the  Fair,*  1830,  and,  his 
■SpeaM  opus,  a  cartoon  entiUed  *  The  Worship  of  Bacchiv  : 
or,  the  Drmkinff  Customs  of  Society,'  1862.    In  the  treat- 
isat  and   moral   tone  of   his   drawings  he  resembled 
Hogarth.  [xiU.  262] 


.  ISAAC  (1766  ?-181l  ?),  caricaturist 

ttd  water-ooloar  painter ;  exhibited  at  the  Royal  Aca- 
tey,  1710  and  1792 ;  designed  frontispiece  for  the  *  Witti- 
**  and  Jests  of  Dr.  Samuel  Johnson,*  1791 ;  executed 
of  Oillr»y  and  Rowlandson  type,  some  political 

[xiii.  268] 


ISAAC  ROBERT,  or  ROBERT 
(1719-1866),  caricaturist  and  mlniature-pahiter ;  son  of 
kme  (^nikshank  [q.  v.]  ;  midshipman  in  the  East  India 
CoBpsny**  ship  Pareeverance ;  gave  up  a  seaman's  life  for 
a  srcist's;  satirised  social  extravagances ;  published  car- 
toon nging  neutnlity  on  Ennrland,  1823;  illustrated 
variooB  books  dealing  with  the  humours  of  English,  and 
e'peekUy  London,  life,  Indnding  the  *  English  Spy,'  1826. 
«M  "The  Orphan,'  a  translation  of  the  *MathUde'  of 

(xiii.  269] 


0KUIK8HANK,  WILLIAM  CUMBERLAND  (1746- 
1800X  anatomist;  M.A.  Glasgow,  1767;  French  and 
Italian  scholar ;  assistant  to  Dr.  William  Hunter,  1771 ; 
partner  with  Hunter  in  the  Windmill  Street  school; 
FJLS.,  1797  ;  proved  the  efQuence  of  carbolic  acid  from  the 
skin ;  chief  work.  *  The  Anatomy  of  the  Absorbing  Vessels 
of  the  Human  Body,*  1786.  [xiiL  260] 

(JBinSB,  WILLIAM  (d.  1824X  legal  writer ;  member 
of  Lincoln's  Inn,  1773 :  licenced  conveyancer ;  barrister, 
Lincoln's  Inn,  1791,  a  statute  of  William  III,  which  ex- 
cluded him  aM  a  catholic,  having  been  repealed ;  published 
*An  Essay  on  the  Nature  and  OperatioQ  of  nnes  and 
Recoveries,'  1788,  *  A  Digeot  of  the  Laws  of  R"gl<tnd  re- 
specting Real  Property,'  1804,  and  a  few  other  legal 
treatises.  [xiiL  261] 

GKULL,  JODOCUS  (d.  1713  ?X  miscellaneous  writer ; 
native  of  Hamburg ;  M.D.  Leyden,  1679 :  MJ).  Cam- 
bridge, 1681 ;  L.RC.P.,  1692 ;  translated  and  compiled  f6r 
the  booksellers ;  among  other  books  translated  Pufendort 
'  On  the  Nature  and  Qualification  of  Religion,  in  referenoe 
to  Civil  Society,'  1698,  and  published  an  account  of  *  The 
Antieut  and  Present  State  of  Muscovy,*  1698.  [xiii.  282] 

OKUXLEHOLME  or  ORVXLVM,  SAMITEL  (1618- 
1672X    [See  Cromleuolme.] 

ORXTKP,  HENRY  (/.  1882X  theologian ;  Oisterdan 
of  the  monastery  of  Baltinglass,  co.  Wicklow  ;  probably 
fellow  of  University  College,  Oxford;  DJ). ;  preached 
against  Wycliffe's  scheme  of  putting  church  property 
under  secular  control ;  subscribed  to  the  document  oon- 
demniuK  Wycliffe's  doctrine  of  the  sacrament,  1881; 
suspended  from  his  academical  *actB'  by  Robert  Rygge 
[q.  v.],  the  chancellor,  1382;  reinstated  by  the  king, 
1382;  condemned  for  heresy  and  opposition  to  mendicant 
orders  at  Meath,  1386 ;  returned  to  Oxford ;  compelled  to 
abjure,  1392 ;  wrote  polemics  against  the  friars  and  a  book 
of  scholastic  logic,  all  lost.  [ziiL  262] 

(TRiniFE,  SAMUEL  (1766-1796X  Irish  physloian; 
M.D.  Edinburgh,  1788 ;  author  of  *  An  Inquiry  into  the 
Nature  and  Properties  of  Opium,'  1793,  and  *  An  Essay  on 
the  best  Means  of  providing  Employment  for  the  People 
of  Ireland,'  1798.  [xiiL  268] 

(JBVSIUS.  LEWIS  (1701-1776X  biographer;  educated 
at  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge ;  M  J^.,  1787 ;  head-master 
of  the  Charterhouse  School,  1748-69  ;  prebendary  of  Wor- 
cester, 1761 ;  F.R.S.,  1764 ;  rector  of  Stoke  Prior,  Wor- 
cester, 1764,  St.  John's,  Bedwardine,  1764 ;  prebendary  of 
Brecknock ;  published  *  The  Lives  of  the  Roman  Poets,'  a 
critical  and  historical  work,  1733.  [xiiL  264] 

ORVSO,  JOHN  id.  1681X  civilian;  entered  (^us 
College,  Cambridge,  1682;  fellow;  M.A.  Oxford,  1689; 
lost  his  Cambridge  felloMrship  on  account  of  his  rpyalist 
views ;  LLJ).,  1662 ;  member  of  the  College  of  Advocates, 
1662 ;  chancellor  of  St  David's ;  wrote  bools  <m  military 
science  and  *  Euribates,'  a  drama.  [xiiL  264] 

ORTIBO,  TIMOTHY  (1666  7-1697X  presbyterian 
minister ;  studied  in  the  Newington  Green  Academy ; 
MJL  of  one  of  the  Scottish  universities;  pastor  at 
Crutched  Friars,  1688 ;  appointed  to  Pinners'  Hall  mer- 
chants* lectureship,  1694 ;  published  homilies  and  sermons. 
[XiiL  264] 

OKIFTTWELL,  CLEMENT  (1743-1808X  author  and 
compiler ;  surgeon  at  Bath ;  took  orders ;  published 
Bishop  Wilson's  bible  and  works,  with  a  life,  1786,  a 
'Concordance  of  the  Parallel  Texts  of  Scripture,'  'GhuBet* 
teer  of  France,'  1793,  'Gazetteer  of  the  Netherland^*  1794, 
and  the  *  Universal  Gkusetteer,'  1798.  [xiiL  266] 

GRXTTTWELL,  RICHARD  (1776-1846X  writer  on  the 
currency ;  educated  at  Exeter  College,  Oxford ;  B.C.L., 
1808 ;  chaplain  of  H.M.8.  Trident,  and  secretary  to  Bear- 
admiral  Sh:  Alexander  John  Ball  [q.  v.] ;  perpetual  curate 
of  Holmflrth,  Yorkshire;  rector  of  Spezhall,  Suffolk, 
1822-46;  wrote  'Treatise  on  the  State  of  the  Currency* 
(against  RicardoX  1826,  *  The  System  of  Country  Banking 
defended,*  1828,  *  Reform  without  Revolution,*  J839,  and 
other  works  on  monetary  and  social  questions. 

[XiiL  266] 

0RT8TALL,  THOMAS  (</.  1636X  abbot  of  the  Cis- 
tercian monastery  of  Kinlose,  Morayshire :  recommended 
in  youth  by  his  musical  talent  to  Galbraith,  abbot  of  Kin- 
loss;  novice,  1487;  monk,  1488;  abbot,  1499;  recovered 
by  legal  processes  the  property  of  his  foundation  ;  erected 


OUBBON 


806 


OUUJJNL 


millB  at  Strathisla  and  repaired  abbey  buildings  of  Kinloes ; 
benefactor  of  monastery  and  ohoroh  at  Bllon ;  aa  visitor 
of  hlB  order  restored  tbe  foondaUons  of  Deer  and  Golrou ; 
patronised  learning.  [xUL  866] 

OTTBBON,  Sib  MARK  (1784-1861),  commissioner  of 
Mysore:  cadet,  Madras  infantry,  1800;  captain,  1816; 
deputy  commissary-general,  Madras  Presidency,  183S,  and 
a  commissioner  to  inqoire  into  Mysore  rebellion,  1831 ; 
colonel,  1831 ;  commissioner  of  Mysore,  1834-61 ;  lieaten- 
ant-^eneral,  1863  ;  K.O.B.,  1869 ;  died  at  Suez  on  bis  way 
home,  1861.  [xUL  267] 

OTTBITT,  JOSEPH  (1811-1878),  ciyil  engineer;  son 
of  Sir  William  Cubitt  [q-  ▼•]:  constructed  the  Great 
Northern  railway,  the  Loudon,  Ohatham,  and  Dover  rail- 
way, and  part  of  the  London  and  South- Western  ;  built 
the  new  Blackfriars  Bridge.  [xiiL  S69] 

OTJBITT,  THOMAS  (1788-1866X  builder ;  in  early  life 
made  a  voyage  to  India  as  ship-carpenter ;  master  car- 
penter in  London,  1809;  built  the  London  Institution, 
Finsbury  Circus,  1816  ;  carried  out  building  operations  in 
London ;  built  east  front  of  Buckingham  Rdace ;  sup- 
ported Thames  embankment  scheme ;  guaranteed  a  sum 
of  money  to  the  Great  Exhibition  of  1861 ;  much  interested 
in  sewage  questions.  [xiiL  267] 

OTJBITT,  Sir  WILLIAM  (1786-1861X  civil  engineer; 
invented  self-regulating  windmill  sails,  1807;  chief 
engineer  of  Messrs.  Bansome's  establishment,  Ipswich, 
1818-81 ;  partner,  1831-6 ;  invented  the  treadmUl,  1818 ; 
constructed  Oxford  canal  and  tbe  Liverpool  Junction 
canal ;  F.R.S.,  1830 ;  constructed  docks  at  OardifE  and 
Middlesborough ;  constructed  South-Eastern  railway ;  con- 
sulting engineer  to  the  Great  Northern  railway  and  to  tbe 
Boulogne  and  Amiens  railway;  constructed  the  water- 
works of  Berlin ;  president  of  the  Institution  of  Civil 
Engineers,  1860,  1861 ;  knighted,  I86I.  [xiii.  868] 

OTJBITT,  WILLIAM  (1791-1863),  lord  mayor  of 
London ;  partner  in  the  buUding  firm  of  his  brother, 
Thomas  Cubitt  [q.  v.],  at  Gray's  Inn  Boad ;  subsequently 
sole  proprietor ;  M  J*.,  Andover,  1847-61, 1862 ;  sheriff  of 
London,  1847 ;  lord  mayor,  1860-1, 1861-8 ;  president  of 
St.  Bartholomew's  Hospital.  [zUi.  369] 

OTJDDOK,  AMBROSE  (/1. 1887),  Roman  catholic  pub- 
lisher and  journalist;  be^an  the  publication  of  'The 
Oatholic  Miscellany,'  1888;  published  *A  Complete 
Modern  British  Martyrology,'  1884-6.  [xiii.  870] 

OTJDMOBB,  RICHARD  (1787-1840),  musician ;  pupQ 
of  Salomon  ;  led  the  band  at  the  Chichester  Theatre,  1799- 
1808 ;  solo  pianist  and  violinist  in  London  after  1808 ;  led 
the  (}eutiemen's  Gonoerts,  Manchester;  composed  *The 
Martyr  of  Antioch,'  an  oratorio.  [ziii.  870] 

OTJDWORTH,  RALPH  (1617-1688),  divine;  ILA. 
Emmanuel  College,  Cambridge,  1639 ;  fellow  and  tutor, 
1639;  master  of  Clare  Hall,  1646;  regius  professor  of 
Hebrew,  1646-88 ;  presented  to  the  living  of  North 
Oadbury,  Somerset,  1660 ;  D.D.,  1661 ;  master  of  Christ's 
College,  Cambridge,  1664 ;  consulted  with  a  committee 
of  the  House  of  Commons  on  a  proposed  revision  of  the 
translation  of  the  bible,  1667 ;  originated  theory  of  a 
*  plastic  nature  *  to  combat  doctrines  of  chance  and  con- 
stant divine  interference ;  chief  works,  '  The  True  Intel- 
lectual System  of  the  Universe,'  1678,  and  a  'Treatise 
concerning  Eternal  and  Immutable  Morality,'  published 
posthumously.  [xuL  871] 

GTJFF  or  0TJ7PE,  HENRY  (1663-1601),  author  and 
politician;  scholar  of  Trinity  College,  Oxford,  1678; 
fellow  1683  ;  tutor  at  Merton,  1686 :  M.A.,  1689 ;  lectpier 
at  Queen's  Oollcne ;  professor  of  Greek,  1690-6 ;  accom- 
panied Essex  to  Oadiz  as  secretary,  1696 ;  fiiithf  nl  to  his 
master  when  in  disgrace,  but  a  reckless  adviser ;  impri- 
soned for  complicity  in  Essex's  ti^eason,  1601 ;  executed, 
1601.  Cuff  wrote  *The  Differences  of  the  Ages  of  Man's 
Life,'  1600,  and  assisted  Colnmbanns  in  his  edition  of 
Longus's '  Pastoral  of  Daphnis  and  Chloe.'       [xiiL  878] 

OTJFP,  JAMES  DODSLEY  (1780-1863X  numismatist; 
employed  in  the  Bank  of  England  ;  F.S.A. ;  contributed 
descriptions  of  coins  to  Heame's  'Supplement*  to 
Ainslie's  'lUustntions  of  1^  Anglo- French  Coinage,' 
1830.  [xUi.  876] 

OTJIT  or  GUITT,  OEOBOE,  the  elder  (1743-1818X 
painter ;  tent  to  study  in  Italy  by  Sir  lAwrsooe  Dnndaa, 


1769 :  exhibited  'The  Infant  Jupiter  fed  with  goaVu 
and  honey,'  at  the  Royal  Aoademy,  1776.  [ziiL  876] 

OTJITT,  GEORGE,  tbe  younger  a779-1864X  etcher; 
son  of  George  Cult,  or  Ouitt,  tbe  elder  [q.  v.] ;  pobUebed 
etchings  of  ancient  buildings  in  England  and  Wales,  1810. 

[zUL  8761 

0TJLBERT80N,  ROBERT  (1766-188SX  SooMrii 
divine ;  educated  at  Edinburgh  TJniversity ;  paustor  of  tte 
associate  congr^^tion,  Leith,  1791 ;  editor  of  the  'Chris- 
tian Magazine,*  and  author  of  seoeuloiiist  treatiasB  ti 
divinity.  [xiii.  876] 

OULEH  or  OOLDT  (967-971  ?X  king  of  SootlAiid:  ds- 
feated  Dubh,  who  had  taken  the  crown  by  the  law  ti 
tanistry,  967 ;  slain  by  the  Britons,  97L  [xiiL  876] 

OTJLDT ,  PATRICK  (<l.  1634),  bishop  of  Ologber ;  prior 
of  St.  John  without  Newgate,  in  Dublin,  till  1681 ;  bump 
of  Clogher,  1616 ;  oompUed  a  register  of  tbe  antlqaitiaB  of 
his  church,  1686.  [xiiL  876] 

OTJLLEK,  Lords.    [See  Grant,  Sib  Frahcis,  1616- 

1786  ;  OULLEN,  ROBKRT,  d.  1810.] 

CTJLLEN,  PAUL  (1803-1878),  cardinal;  studied  at 
Ckirlow  College  and  in  the  Urban  College  of  tbe  Propa- 
ganda, Rome ;  made  a  doctor  by  the  pope  In  person,  1899; 
priest,  1839 ;  rector  of  the  Irish  Coltege,  Rome ;  rector  of 
the  Propaganda  College,  1848-9,  which  he  saved  from 
Maagini  by  placing  it  under  American  protection,  I8tt ; 
archbishop  of  Armagh,  1849-68 ;  summoned  synod  of 
Irish  catholic  clergy  at  Thurles,  1860  ;  archbiBbop  of 
Dublin,  1863  ;  delegate  apostolic  for  tbe  foondatioo  of  a 
catholic  university  in  Ireland;  opposed  tbe  Fenias 
brotherhood ;  cardinal-priest,  1866 ;  preidded  at  the  nnod 
of  Maynooth,  1876.  [xUL  877] 

OTJLLXK,  ROBERT,  Lord  Oullkn  (d.  18101  Soofetish 
judge ;  son  of  William  OuUen  [q.  v.]  ;  ednoated  at  Bdin- 
burgh  University ;  advocate,  1764 ;  introdooed  bill  for 
reform  of  Scottish  representation,  1786 ;  lord  of  seaskm, 
1796 ;  lord  justiciary,  1799.  [xiiL  878] 

OTTIXEF,  WILLIAM  (1710-1790X  physician;  stodisi 
at  Glasgow  University ;  studied  at  the  Edinburgh  Mediod 
School,  1734-6 ;  M.D.  Glasgow,  1740 ;  professor  of  medicfiM, 
Glasgow,  1761-6  ;  professor  of  chemistry,  Bdinbargh,  1766; 
clinical  lecturer,  1767 ;  professor  of  the  theory  of  pbjrio, 
1766 ;  president  of  the  Edinburgh  College  of  Phyaioisai, 
1773-6 ;  F.Ra,  1777 ;  attacked  by  John  Brown  0736- 
1788)  [q.  v.],  founder  of  the  Brunonian  system;  <diiaf 
works,  '  An  Basay  on  the  Cold  produced  by  Bvaporatiiv 
Fluids,*  1766,  and  *  First  Lines  of  the  Practioe  of  Fhnde,' 
1776-84.  [XiiL  mq 

OTJLLEY,  GEORGE  (1736-1813),  oattle-breeder ;  popQ 
of  Bakewell ;  author  of  works  on  agriculture.  [xiiL  888] 

OTJLLIMOBB,  ISAAC  (1791-1868X  e^yptolottlit: 
Isegan  to  publish  the  oriental  seals  and  oyliiideri  of  ttie 
British  Museum,  1843.  [xiU.  888] 

OTJLLTJH,  Sir  DUDLEY,  third  baronet  (1667-17aOX 
horticultural  writer;  grandson  of  Sir  Thomas  ODllaai 
[q.  v.]  ;  educated  at  St  John's  CoU^e,  Cambridge,  1676 ; 
corresponded  with  Evelyn ;  recorded  his  bortionltnral 
experiments  at  Hawsted,  Suffolk,  in  tbe  *  Fhiloaophloal 
Transactions,'  1694 ;  high  sheriff,  1690 ;  M J».,  1708. 

[xiiL  888] 

OTJLLTJK,  Sir  JOHN,  sixth  baronet  (1783-1 788X  antt- 
quary  and  divine  of  Hardwlck,  Suffolk;  edooatad  at 
Catharine  Hall,  Cambridge;  fourth  junior  optime,  1766; 
fellow ;  rector  of  Hawsted,  1768 ;  vicar  of  Great  Thnrlow, 
1774  ;  F.S.A  ,  1774 ;  P.R.S.,  1776 ;  published  •  The  Hlitory 
and  Antiquities  of  Hawsted  and  Bardwiokin  tbe  Coim^ 
of  Suffolk ' ;  an  accomplished  botanist.  [xiiL  888] 

GTJLLTJK,  Sir  THOMAS  (16877-1664X  sheriff  of 
London ;  apprenticed  to  John  Bayney,  draper ;  alderman 
and  member  of  the  Drapers'  Company ;  sheriff,  1646 ;  im- 
prisoned in  the  Tower  as  a  royalist,  1647 ;  created  banaietv 
1660 ;  compelled  to  disburse  a  large  sum,  1668,  in  oooneo- 
ticm  with  tbe  excise,  of  which  he  had  forinetly  boon 
commissioner.  [xiU.  888] 

OTJLLTJK,  Sir  THOMAS  GERY  (1741-1831X  Bath 
king-at-arms  ;  educated  at  the  Charterhoose ;  member  of 
the  Corporation  of  Surgeons,  1800  ;  practised  at  Boxy  ^ 
Edmunas ;  printed  privately  '  Floras  Anglioss  &>eoiBMa 
imperfectom  et  ineditum,'  1774.  ixM.  884] 


OUIiMER 


807 


OUNDY 


BIOHABD  (/.IMO),  fanatical  divine; 
fdooatad  at  tlK  Klng^  School,  Oanterbory ;  B J^.  Magda- 
kne  Gollesa^  Oamtirtdge,  1619;  rector  of  GoodnestoDe, 
Eeni^lSW;  sanended  for  rtfiudng  to  read  the  *  Book  of 
Bhbbatb  Sporta/  19U ;  rector  of  Ohartham,  Kent,  1643 ; 
appointed  oj  the  narUament  to  destroy  the  monuments 
am  tttiptd.  gfeui  of  Oanterbary  OathedraU  1643 ;  appointed 
~  ICinater,  Thanet,  1644 ;  excited  great  dia- 
aod  personal  peeoliaritieB  ;  ejected, 
flor  supposed  oompUcity  in  Yenners  con> 

[xiii.284] 

ODUSPIE.    [See  also  Oolbpbpkb.] 


NICHOLAS  (1616-1654X  writer  on 
aatwiogy  SDd  medicine;  astrologer  and  physician  in 
SpttaUadi,  1640 ;  fboght  for  parliament  in  ciyil  war ; 
tnAslation  of  the  OoUege  of  Physicians* 
'  for  whidi  he  was  yirolently  lampooned, 

*The  English  Physician  Bnlarged,*  1653, 

Uxanica,*  1661,  and  oUier  qoaint  medleys  of 

•sd  medidne;  many  of  his  manuscripts  pab- 

[xiU.  286] 


16«: 


of  the 


Sir  THOMAS,  the  elder  (1678-1662), 
;  enteted  Hart  Hall,  Ozfbid,  1591 ;  student 
of  Ooort;  knighted,  1619;  published 
the  high  rate  of  Usorie,'  1621.  [xiii.  287] 


Sm  THOMAS,  the  yoonger  (1626-1697X 

,  ;  eon  erf  Sir  Thomas  Onlpeper  (157&- 

Mll)  [4.  T.] ;  BJL  UniTcrslty  College,  Oxford,  1643 ;  pro- 
bBtfaBcr>flrikm-  All  SooLb*  College;  knighted;  wrote 
pa^^hletB  agalxift  nsory.  [xiU.  288] 


KATHANAEL  (d.  1651  ?X  divine; 
MA.  EnnMnocI  College,  Cambridge,  1640;  feUow,  1642; 
uiharoftbe  *Iiffhtof  Katore,'  1652;  one  of  the  Cam- 
bridge ptetonistB.  [xiiL288] 

CULT,  DATID  Cd.  1725X  Mctary;  founded  the  CuU- 
ate  aeet  of  anabaptists.  [xUL  289] 


C0DKTE88  ov  (1560  ?-1616). 

(^JffOBD,  MARaABBT.] 


1780: 


i«iyt5.^.]:  _ 
totbelMeoCWelUngtoD  in  Feninsola. 


,,  Duns  Of.     [See  Rupert,  1619-  ! 

102;  Obobsr,  Fbinck  or  Dbtmark,  1663-1708;  Wil-  I 
UAM  AOOOSTDH,  1721-1765 ;   Henrt   Prkderick,  1745- 
UN:  ttVRBT  ADOU8TU8,  1771-1861.] 


Barlb  ov.  [See  Cufford,  Henrt 
Di,tnl  BjjUh  149S-1542;  CuvroRD,  Henry  de,  second 
tusL,  4.  1570 :  OunoRD,  Oboroe,  third  Earl,  1558- 
IW;  Cufpord,  Hxsrt,  fifth  Earl,  1591-1643.] 

[See 

,   RICHARD  (1681-1718X  bishop  of 

IVtetbuswiB^ :  educated  at  St.  Pain's  School  and  at  Mag- 
Adeac  Oolfege.  Cambridge;  feUow,  1656;  MA.,  1656; 
M.A.  Ozfoid,  1657 ;  B.D.  Cambridge,  1663 ;  rector  of 
Blmepftnn,  Morthamptonshire,  1658-67;  respondent  at 
ttis  piiilio  oonuDencement,  Cambridge,  1680 ;  bishop  of 
hteboroogh,  1691 ;  published  *  De  Legibus  Natoras 
UsqiiBitio  philoeopldca,*  1672,  in  opposition  to  the  doc- 
tttees  of  Hoobes ;  author  of  a  translation  of  Sanchoniatho, 
pahiished  1790.  [xiiL  289] 


RICHARD  (1732-1811X  dramatist; 
of  Richard  Cumberland(1631-I718)  [q.  ▼.] ; 
at  Weatminster  School  and  Trinity  College,  Cam- 
^  .  fldlow:;  private  secretary  to  Lord  Halifax  in  the 
hosnl  of  trade:  ulster  secretary,  1761 ;  clerk  of  reports  in 
tteboardoC  trade;  aeoretaryto  the  board  of  trade,  c  1776; 
to  ^win  to  arrange  a  separate  treaty  with  England, 
i;  wrote  pieces  of  the  sentimental  comedy  type,  hia 
play  being  U»  'West  Indian,*  acted  1771;  with  Sir 
Btend  Barges  [q.  v.]  wrote  an  epic  called  the 
/ 1806 ;  author  of  some  tragedies,  a  translation 
oomie  fragments,  and  the  *  Clouds '  of  Aris> 
two  novda,  *  Arundel,'  1789,  and  *  Henry,'  1795, 
r,' a  periodicaL  [xiiL  290] 


RICHARD   FRANCES  G.   (1792- 
o<  Richard  Cumberland  (1732- 
aptain  Srd  foot  guards,  1814 ;  alde^e-camp 
"  [xiU.293] 


or  JZra  (657  ?-669  7\  seventh 
atabotof  Hj ;  of  the  raot  of  OmaU  (iulban ;  attempted  to 
'■  IbId  the  ancient  Irish  ehnroh  the  Roman  oyole 


for  caloulatiiig  Easter ;  author  of  a  life  of  8t  Odumba, 
published  by  Mabillon,  1733 ;  his  day,  24  Feb.  [xiiL  298] 

uujlunO.    [Soe  also  Comyn  and  Cummiko.] 

OUMISQ  or  OXTHKIirO,  Sir  ALEXANDER  (1690?- 
1775X  chief  of  the  Cberokees ;  called  to  the  Scottish  bar, 
1714 ;  sailed  to  America,  1729 ;  chosen  lawgiver  of  the 
Cherokee  nation,  1730 ;  prvnented  seven  Chax)kee  chiefis 
in  audience  to  George  II,  1730 ;  drew  up  an  *agniement' 
with  them  In  the  name  of  the  British  nation,  1730; 
ineffectually  proposed  to  settle  Jewish  tamllies  in  the 
Cherokee  mouutaiui) ;  accused  of  having  defrauded  settlers 
of  South  Carolina ;  imprisoned,  1737  ;  poor  brother  of  the 
CJharterhouse,  1765.  [xiiL  294] 

OUmsa,  HUGH  (1791-1865X  naturalist;  saU-maker 
at  Valparaiso,  1819 ;  collcciod  shells  and  living  orchids  In 
the  Pacific,  on  the  coast  of  Chili,  and  in  the  Philippine 
islands,  1835 ;  finally  returned  to  England,  1839. 

[XiiL  295] 

OTXMKDIO.    [See  ahso  Comyn  and  Guminu.] 

cmaaso,  Alexander  (1733-1814),  mathema- 
tician and  mechanic;  F.R.S. ;  vrrote  lai^^dy  on  the 
mechanical  laws  and  action  of  wheels.  [xiiL  296] 

(nnomro,  sm  ARTHUR  (1817-1893X  admiral  ; 
studied  at  Ilo>iil  Naval  College,  Portsmouth ;  mate 
and  lieutenant,  1840;  served  with  distinction  off  South 
America ;  commander,  1846 ;  captain,  1854 ;  served  in 
Baltic  1854,  and  Black  Sea,  1855-6 ;  with  Channel  fleet» 
1859-63 ;  C.B.,  1867 ;  commander-in-chief  in  East  Indiea, 
1872-5;  vice-admh^l,  1876;  admh^l,  1880;  K.C.B., 
1887.  [Suppl.  IL  98] 

OmanSO,  JAMES  (<f.  1827X  official  hi  the  India 
Office ;  head  of  the  revenue  and  judicial  department  under 
the  board  of  control,  1807-23 ;  collaborator  in  a  House  <A 
Commons  report  on  the  government  of  Madras. 

[XiiL  296] 

(nmiKO,  JAMBS  ( 1777-1861 X  pitrfessor  of  che- 
mistry  at  Cambridge:  B.A.  Trinity  College,  Cambridge, 
1801 ;  fellow,  1803 ;  professor  of  chemistry,  1815-60 ;  an 
independent  discoverer  of  thermo-electricity,  publishing 
'  A  Manual  of  Electro-Dynamics,'  1827.  [xiiL  296] 

OmaONO,  JOHN  (1807-1881X  dirine;  M.A.  Aber- 
deen,  1827 ;  licensed  to  preach,  1882 ;  appointed  to  t^ 
National  Scottish  Church  at  Crown  (3ourt,  Covent 
Garden,  1832 ;  took  part  In  Mayuooth  controversy,  1845 ; 
opponent  of '  papal  aggn^sion,'  1850  ;  published  f  1848-70) 
books  on  the  Apocalypse,  maintaining  that  the  *iast  vial* 
was  to  be  poured  out  between  1848  and  1867.   [xiiL  297] 

OTXKMINO,  JOSEPH  GEORGE  (1812-1868X  geolo- 
gist and  divine ;  senior  optiuie,  Emmanuel  Ck)Ilcge,  Cam- 
bridge, 1834;  vice-principal  of  King  William's  College, 
Isle  of  Man,  1841-56 :  warden  and  professor.  Queen's  Col- 
lege, Birmingham,  1858  ;  rector  of  Mellis,  Suffolk,  1882-7 ; 
wrote  on  the  history  and  geology  of  the  Isle  of  Man,  1848. 

[xllL  298] 

(nnamfo,  roualbyn  george  gordon-  (I820- 

1866X  African  lion-hunter  ;  oomet,  Madras  cavalry,  1838- 
1840;  joined  the  Cupe  mounted  rifles,  1843;  resigned, 
to  take  up  a  sportsman's  life,  1843  ;  published  on  his  re- 
turn to  England  *■  Five  Years  of  a  Hunter's  life  In  the  Far 
Interior  of  South  Africa,'  1850.  [xlU.  298] 

CraHmirO,  TH0MAS((/.  1774X  quaker ;  successfully 
organised  expedition  against  French  posts  in  South  Bar- 
bary.  [xiiL  299] 

OTJMXINO,  WILLIAM  (yf.  1797-1823X  portrait- 
painter  ;  one  of  the  first  fourteen  academicians  of  the  Royal 
Hibernian  Academy,  1821.  [xili.  299] 

OTXKMINO,  WILLIAM  (1822  7-1865X  pioneer  of 
modem  ophthalmology  :  demonstrated  that  light  falling 
on  the  retiina  might  be  reflected  back  to  an  observer's  eye, 
1846.  [xiii.  299] 

OITVARD,  Sir  SAMUEL  (1787-1866X  shipowner; 
merchant  at  Halifax,  Nova  Scotia ;  established  British 
and  North  American  Koyal  Mail  Steam  Packet  Company, 
1839  :  F.R.G.S.,  1846  ;  created  baronet,  1869.    [xili.  300] 

OUMDY,  JAMES  (1792-1826X  sculptor ;  son  of  Thomas 
Cundy  the  elder  [q.  v.]  [xiii.  301] 

OUHDY,  JOSEPH  (1795-1876X  architect  in  Belgravia ; 
son  of  Thomas  Cundy  Uie  elder  [q.  v.]  [xllL  301] 

x2 


OUHWIKGHAM 


OUSST.  aAMUBL(i<.1Ste),ucIiit«t:  Knot 

AbtHj  ud  eC  Albuu.  [lUi. 

OVKST,  THOUAB,  tbe  HOa  (1TM-18K),  » 


pobllibid  nlnable  ' — 
(Boddhlit  pntod), 


iDcladlBit  'Tbt  AoidtnC  OaoanphToClBAk ' 
tod),  isfl,  uil  'Coin  of  Htdwnt  iDdli,' 


OmiOAX  or  OTHSAB,  Silit  (jI.  NO  ?>,  uchoriu 
vU  lohiLW  ban  tbABm  of  ui  emperor  of  CooHtNitiaDplF 
tooDded  ontorles  at  Congmbnrj'  In  Samenet  m 
Uormnwr  la  QlRmorouisun :  granted  [nnd  by  Kin 
I...  [I  ill.  SOI] 

OTTHIXaHAM.     [See  «l«oODK»isoHii»  and  OUSTBi 

-    K,] 


OmnXOEAK      or      KEVUGHAX,      WILLIAU     -TradltlniulTaleBoftheEDRllsh 


pHt  of  oaLimliil  boUnlit  to  Kew  Soatb  Wule*  Id  bnoar  0( 

death.  18SK:  reacbal  Sydney.  ISIS :  ledgnad,  18M;  borM 
Ht  Sydney.  [jdiLIOq 

OUBHUIOSAK.  ALLAN  (]TH-I«4IXmlKdluHal 
urlter:  friaod  of  Bogg  Ctaa  Bttrlok  ibqilml;  pra*iM 

poaltlon.  ia09  ;  publlAli«l  in  Loudon  '  Raniini  of  KltbedeU 
nuil  OsUDway  isoiig.'  IHIU:  pulUiaenury  Rportar  to  tin 
'Diy.' imo-li:  KEieury  to  Frudi  Ohintnj.  1S14^1 : 
eoatrlbatol  '  RccoJIecUoDB  of  Mark  lUmbln,  t^  OUH- 


nf.  ItM).  phyiidim.  aatrologo'i  and 
Corpiu  Ohrlitd  OoUEge.  Oiinbridge.  1. 
. 1—-^-  pnbuc  [eoinrer at  flurgflDDH'  Hall.  1 


IBM).    CSm 

fiUmflH  uBaa,  Auu 
CAms  (d.  IWS).  lud  of  n 


B,' and 'Organognpbia.'  [ilil.  KH} 

JI  FRANCIS  PH1IJP(18»8- 

IBH).    CSmOwen.] 

OnmnHaRUi,  ALSXANDBR,BntBAiu. 


'The  Song!  of  eoDtliiad.  Ancient  and  MedaR.' 
nciadiDg  the  famooi  ^  A  Wet  Sheet  and  a  Flawing  Sa,' 
S3B, '  Urea  nl  tbe  moat  EmlwDt  BriUib  Palnton,  SODtr- 
ors,  aDd  Archltecta.'  l«!e-3S,  and  an  editlco  tt  Bms^ 
SM.  [xULMQ 

ITDKHIirCIHAK.  BibCHAHLEB  (ITM-IKMX, nu- 


M  Um  battle  of  aancbiebDin, 
Soot4and! 


y-lIM),  portralt-pa 

of  tnb  agalnat  BiwtaDd,  U«;  Inrtlod  Knoi  M     '■l|e^nieualze.l77U-«^,  entereauMseriio 
n Imn Oencn, IM7 :  preniited  tbe  qoeea-regentol     ^,,,^ 


«e  agalnit  tbt  quMO-i 


iBQiBt 


from  Buiabetli  In  npdling  French  In-     [q.  v.]  ;  Qeld-en^eaxt  J 


Predsrlck  tbe  Great'!  Doait.  '  [illL  111] 

OUraiKOKAIf,  PBAN013(ina-lS7t>,emnmBlM> 
"       '  '  ' "      Cnnnlngbam  (1TH-1N>) 


prlTy  ooonolUorot  BooUand,  IHl ;  dKdand  goUly  of  l«e- 
maieat;  for  not  wpeulng  before  Uary  qaaen  or  Soou  to 
arjawflraohargflof  rebdlloni~^ — ■ — ' j~i  ir i 


Unbnrtli.  1 

naM  Dnder  tbe  Barl  of  Uorton:  commandedadlvlilc 
LangiAlB,  IHil ;  nominated  for  tbe  rsgmcy.  I»it  det( 
tv  tlia  Bail  of  Uorton,  1171.  [ilU.  91 

OVmnXOBUI,  AI.BKANDKR  (l&U  ?-173U>,  cr 


Vltgll.  pnbllibBd.  11 

onmnHoEAK,  i 


o  Ooodoie.  IIM;  i 


ILIUq 


nd  rhiedrua,  pnbliabed.  1717. 

[.IILM 
(16*1-1 757),   b 


CnnnflROHAX,  JAUBB.  toartccoUi  Eau.  or  Gt^H 
'AniN(174R-I7«l),  trlaDdofBumi;  apbdn  In  tlie  Wett 
^eoctole  regUnenl,   1778;   8<»r'->- '-•' 


N  <d,  WM),  la-mr:*- 
loetof  NDnSDi>tb,lGM: 
lalntainlnff  the  right  of 
Ion  to  parilamoit,  lUt: 


,V  '  ap».]  f: 
,„,      M5~(or 


LoiudalelB  Italy.l? 


)l  Brilaln  '  (ram  the  Bevo 


n  Latin  a  bistorj ' 

pabllabtd  In  1787.  '  [illl.  3M] 

K  ALEXA!IDBR<170S-1786).  [See 


..  I.  JOHS(iri»-i77s),pc 

uiic  Ilia  UlBt.'H  iBrot  1747:  itrallliig act 
'  Tbe  CoDtempLatitt.'  ITSI, '  Fortone,  an  A| 


met) 

mmnHOHAXiBm  ALEXANDER  (lB14-ina>,  >ol-  I  OollegeVst 
diaand  archaidoKlit;  Ml  ol  Allan  Onnnlugtiam  (17U-  Olugow,  1 
IMl)  [q.  T,]]  edooattd  at  Obri«.'>  BoaplUl  and  Addli-     'Cbarcb  K 


King  al  Osdh,  IS«,  and 


IBM  ;  eieoutlTe  engloeei  to  ;       OWmxaXAX, 
Owsllor,  IM4-S:  Seld-CQgl-     gellcal  diTlne;  Blth 

blaf  englnier  In  Bunnab,  tSM-B,  and    editor  ol  tbe '•  Cbrlitlui  Obaerrer, 
pnnincea.  lUS-tl ;  retired  aa  ma)Dr>  htfeiu  and  rEUgloui  HOtk. 


iiucdBuf  uUy  ad*XHsL«d  iDt<9- 

f  and   principal  of  St.  'UaiVt 
;  D.S.  Edinbontb.  IS«0 ;  LLJI. 

nd,'  1868.  aod  oUm  wocka. 

[BuppL  U.  K} 
SWILIJAH(ITBO-IMlha>a» 
igler,  Bt.  Jobu'a  College  ba- 


[XULI14 


OIJirNnNGHAM 


809 


OtTBBAN 


JOSEPH  DAVBY  ri812-18ftl),  his- 
tartan  o(  the  Sikhs :  son  <A  AlUn  Oanningham  (1784-184S) 
[q.  ▼.] ;  nomhiated  to  the  Bengal  engineers,  1831 :  fortified 
PlRBpar,  1837 :  eotmsted  with  various  important  minions 
In  the  SBkh  ooantiy ;  fought  at  Sobraon ;  captain,  1846 : 
politkBl  agent  at  Bhopal,  1846 :  pablished  'History  of  the 
SktMk*  1840 ;  ranored  for  having  revealed  governmental 
in  his « mstory,*  1860.  [xilL  314] 


PRTBB  (d.  1806X  poet;  curate  at 
Eyam,  near  the  Ftek,  1776-90  ? :  author  of  '  Ldth  Hill,' 
1789;  and  of  *  St.  Anne's  Hill,*  1800.  [xUi.  316] 


PBTEB  (1816-1869X  author  and 
critic:  MB  of  AUan  Oanningham  (1784-1849)  [q.  v.] :  edu- 
eafeed  at  Qurtet'a  Hospital ;  chief  cleric  in  the  audit  office : 
of  the  Slu^peare  Society:  edited  Walpole's 
1897,  and  the  works  of  Drummond  of  Haw- 
18S3  ;  compiled  a  *■  Handbook  to  London,*  1849. 

[ziiL  316] 
[,  PETER  MILLER  (1789-1864),  navy 
i;  aeaiatant-sargeon  to  the  English  fleet  off  Spain, 
1810;  aumcuiu,  1814;  aorgeon-supointendrat  of  convict 
ibipa  mSS^  to  New  Sooth  Wales ;  failed  as  settler  in 
Asitaafia ;  aenred  at  Alexandria,  1840 :  wrote  'Two  Years 
iaKew  Booth  Wales,'  18S7,  and  a  book  on  the  hiflnenoe  of 
friwrie  Mstiao  on  the  human  oonstitation,  1834. 

[xiiL  316] 

CUnrorOHAM,    RIOHARD  (1798-1836X  botanist; 
edOBial  botanist  at  Sydney,  1833-6 ;  murdered  by  natives. 

[XiiL  317] 

OUnmrGHAM,  THOMAS  KOUNSEY  (1776-1834), 

Hiiitlliili  poet;  foreman  superintendent  of  Fowler's  chain 

infisctory,  London ;  ccmtributed  to  the  *  Scots 

•  1806,  and  to  the  •  Edinburgh  Magazine,'  1817  ; 

•The  Hilla  o*  (Jallowa,*  and  other  songs  and 

[xiii.  317] 


OUraZVOSAM.  TIMOTHY  (tf.  1789X  antiquarian  ; 
F&A.,  1761 ;  foonded  Cunningham  prize  in  Royal  Irish 
hadeaj ;  compiled  legal  and  antiquarian  works. 

[xUL  318] 

CUnnVOHAM,  WILLIAM,  fourth  Earl  ov  Glkn- 
CAiur  {4. 1M7),  lord  high  treasurer  of  Scotland,  1696 ; 
■est  to  Fmnoe  to  conclude  a  treaty  for  James  Vs  mar- 
nsge  witti  Mary  of  Guise,  1638 ;  taken  prisoner  at  Solway 
Mas,  1649;  supported  the  reformers;  acknowledged 
Bcfliy  Ym  as  protector  of  Scotland,  1644 ;  defeated  by 
tke  Isr!  of  Arran,  1644 ;  treacherously  lost  the  battle  of 
Mffingham  in  the  interests  of  England,  1644 ;  went  over 
to  tke  qoeen-regent,  1644.  [xiii.  318] 

CVranrOHAM,  WILLIAM,  nhith  Earl  of  Glen- 
cim  (1610  7-1664),  privy  councillor  and  commissioner  of 
tte  treaaoiy,  1641 :  lofd  justice-general,  1646 ;  privy  to 
the  ttlempted  rescue  of  Gharles  I,  1648 :  commissioned 
by  Ghailea  n  to  command  the  king's  forces  hi  Scotland, 
UH;  defeated  at  Dunkeld,  1664;  arrested  by  Monck, 
ItfS;  exoepted  from  CrornvreU's  *  grace  and  pardon'; 
chinflrilnr  of  Glasgow  University,  1660 ;  lord  chancellor 
•(  SooOand,  1661.  [xiii.  320] 


nnnnVOHAM,  WILLIAM  (I8O6-I86I),  church 
loMkr  and  tfaeoiogian ;  educated  at  Edinburgh  University ; 
Binater  of  Trinity  Oollege  Church,  Edinburgh,  1834 :  D.D. 
Princeton,  New  Jersey,  1842 ;  professor  of  church  history 
in  the  Free  church,  Kew  College,  1846 ;  princiraO,  1847 : 
Qdvinist    controversialist    and    writer    of    ^Historical 

[xiU.  321] 


rGTON,  WILLIAM  (1764-1810),  antiquary; 
F.&A. ;  excavated  numerous  barrows  in  Wiltshire. 

[xiii.  323] 

CUVOEKLUIUB  {d.  43  ?),  British  king;  supposed  son 
of  GBMiv^onos ;  ally  of  Augustus  and  paramount  ruler 
of  Britain.  Shakespeare's  Cymbellne  is  named  after  him, 
is  noC  historical.  [xiii.  323] 


J,  Sir  ARTHUR  AUGUSTUS  THUR- 
LOW  (1812-1884),  general :  second  lieutenant  60th  royal 
riiei,  1830 ;  aide-de-camp  to  Lord  Saltoun,  1841 :  present 
at  the  investment  of  Nankin ;  brevet-ool<me],  1864 ;  fought 
■t  Inkermann  and  held  tbe  fortress  of  Kertch,  1866; 
EJC:B^  1869;  commanded  in  South  Africa,  1874-8; 
1877.  [xiiL  324] 


CUIZ,  WILLIAM  {d.  1632X  statuary ;  master-mason 
'r*  James  I ;  worked  under  Inigo  Jones  at  the  Banqueting 
Hooae,  WhitebaU.  [xiiL  324] 


CintSTON,  Sir  CHARLES  (1H36-1891X general;  son 
of  Charles  Robert  Cureton  [q.  v.] :  ensign  in  East  luUa 
Company's  army,  1843;  major-general,  1870;  general, 
1888 ;  served  in  SuUej  and  Punjab  and  north-west  frontier 
campaigns,  1846-62;  in  Indian  Mutiny,  1867,  and  in 
north-weift  frontier  campaign,  1860;  commanded  Dude 
division,  Bengal  army,  1879-84 ;  K.C3.,  1891. 

[Suppl.  iL  98] 
.  OTTKETOK,  CHARLES  ROBERT  (1789-1848%  briga- 
dier-general; ensign  in  Shropshire  militia,  1806;  lien- 
tenant  ;  fled  from  creditors  and  enlisted,  1808 ;  served  in 
Peninsular  war ;  gazetted  ensign  in  40th  foot,  1814 ;  lieu- 
tenant 20th  light  d^^;oon8, 1816  ;  adjutant,  1816 ;  captidn, 
16th  lancers,  1826;  major,  1833;  brevet  colonel,  1846; 
served  in  India,  1822-6,  Afghanistan,  1889,  and  OwalSor 
campaign,  1843;  C.B.,  1844;  commanded  cavaliy  in 
Satlaj  campaign,  1846 ;  colonel  and  aide-de-camp  to  Qoeen 
Victoria,  1846;  adjutant-general  in  East  Indies,  1846; 
killed  in  action  at  Ramnagar  in  second  Sikh  war. 

[SuppL  iL  97] 
GXIBSTON,  EDWARD  BURGOYNE  (1822-1894), 
lieutenant-general ;  son  of  Charles  Robert  Cureton  [q.  v.] ; 
ensign,  13th  foot,  1839 ;  major-general,  1878 ;  oolond, 
12th  lancers,  1892 ;  served  in  India  and  in  the  Kaffir  and 
Crimean  wars.  [SoppL  ii.  98] 

OTTBSTOK,  WILLIAM  (1808-1864X  Syriac  scholar; 
M.A.  Christ  Church,  Oxford,  1833 ;  D.C.L.,  1868 ;  cbapUhi 
of  Christ  Church ;  chaplain  in  ordinary  to  the  queen, 
1847  ;  canon  of  Westmhister,  1849-64 ;  discovered  (18461 
when  assistant-keeper  of  manuscripts  at  the  British 
Museum,  the  episties  of  St.  Ignatius  among  manuscripts 
from  the  Nitrian  monasteries,  also  the  *Curetoniian 
GospeU ' ;  edited  Arabic  texts.  [xiiL  326] 

GT7BLS,  HIPPOLITUS  (1698-1688),  Scottish  Jesuit; 
studied  in  the  Scots  seminary,  Dooay ;  rector,  1683. 

[XiiL  826] 

OimLDrO,  HENRY  (180S-1864X  novelist;  captahi  in 
the  62nd  foot  [xiiL  826] 

GfUSLL,  EDMUND  (1676-1747X  bookseUer;  pam- 
phleteer during  the  Sacheverell  controversy,  1710; 
offended  Pope  by  ascribing  to  him  tbe  authorship  of 
'Court  Poems,'  1716;  published  a  pirated  edition  of  the 
trial  of  the  Earl  of  Wintoun,  1716 ;  convicted  of  printing 
inmioral  books,  1726 ;  claimed  to  have  unearthed  a  plot 
against  the  government,  but  was  ignored,  1728 ;  accused 
by  Pope  of  selling  forged  letters  under  the  name  of  *  Mr. 
Pope's  Literary  Correspondence  (or  thirty  yean,*  1736  ; 

Sublished  among  other  books  Swift's  *  Meditation  upon  a 
roomstick,*  1710,  John  Hale's  *  Discourse,*  1720,  and 
Betterton's  *  History  of  the  English  Stage  from  the  Re- 
storation to  the  Present  Times,'  1741.  [xiiL  327] 

CUSLL,  WALTER  (1676-1647X  bishop  of  Winchester ; 
entered  at  Peterhouse,  Cambridge,  1692 ;  fellow ;  D.D., 
1612 ;  chaplain  to  James  I ;  dean  of  Lichfield,  1621 ;  bishop 
of  Rochester,  1628-9 ;  bishop  of  Bath  and  Wells,  1629 ; 
bishop  of  Winchester,  1632 ;  helped  to  defend  Winchester 
(^tle  against  Cromwell,  1646;  compelled  to  surrender 
and  deprived  of  his  private  property  and  episcopal  in- 
come, 1646.  [xiiL  331] 

OUERAK,  JOHN  PHILPOT  (1760-1817X  Irish  judge ; 
sizar  at  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  1769  ;  studied  law  at  the 
Middle  Temple,  1773;  studied  declamation  in  private; 
called  to  the  Irish  bar,  1776 ;  gained  a  verdict  for  Neale, 
a  Roman  catholic  priest,  who  sued  Lord  Doneraile  for 
assault,  1780;  king's  counsel,  1782;  M.P.,  Kilbeggan, 
Westmeath,  1783 ;  joined  Grattan's  party ;  M.P.,  Rathoor- 
mac,  00.  Cork ;  spoke  in  favour  of  Flood's  motion  for  par- 
liamentaiy  reform,  1783  ;  fought  a  duel  with  Fitzgibbon, 
an  old  friend,  in  consequence  of  a  quarrel  at  a  debate  on 
the  abuse  of  attachments  hi  the  king's  bench,  1786 ;  re- 
fused at  the  price  of  a  judgeship  to  vote  for  the  adoption 
by  the  Irish  parliament  of  Pitt's  measure  limiting  the 
power  of  the  regent,  1786  ;  npoke  on  the  question  of  the 
Portugal  trade,  1786;  lost  his  chancery  practice  in  con- 
sequence of  the  hostility  of  Fitzgibbon  (then  chancellor 
and  Lord  ClareX  1789 ;  attacked  the  extravagance  of  the 
administration,  and  viiis  indirectly  led  thereby  into  fight- 
ing one  of  his  five  duels,  1790 :  spoke  on  Roman  catholic 
disabilities,  1792 ;  defended  Archibald  Hamilton  Rowan, 
secretary  of  the  Dublin  Society  of  United  Irishmen,  when 
prosecuted  for  a  seditious  publication,  1794  ;  spoke  on  the 
dimming  of  Ulster,  1797 ;  supported  Ponsonby's  scheme 
for   parliamentary  reform  and   catholic  emancipation, 


11  tb*  K 


I II  lied  IriahD 


Id  of  18VS :  I 


H-ilb  u  Hnt  in  tbe  phvy 

[<UL  SBS] 
llil"  RIOHAIIDSON  (i;(j6- 

,  „  SiJ  anil   less);  lirillUld  ■  Bi- 

ndx  from  Clw  literur  iiul  ^iiouUfic  Oomnpaadence  ol 

Slolmrd  Hloblinison,  M.D.,'  1835,  [lIlL  S«l] 

OirSKS^,    FRBDBRIOK    (ISIO-lSSl),  myaolagt^ 


OnXfilE.  BIR  F&BSERIl'K 
lart).  lodlsD  oilldal ;  edusb^i  ti 
Itut  India  ODrnpHoy'i  Oalll^gE  Ur 


CilmrterbDOie  and  tlt*^ 
IcyljLiry  i  cadet,  Bei^iriU 

iiilU  Ills  Sikhs  ilUr 


DX3.L.  Oifoid,  IBM. 


;  hoiiorirj  ■  1818.  tia-Ungii,  II 


Omsa,  JAKES  (ITIK-lHat),  phTHi 
i™ 'rta   Brunmu  Hboi^   UflB;    trader  In  Virgti 
„  17ri !  Bllad  •—  " ■-    ■-—  --'  — 


jwuanfli  ijUbtHck  &  Oo.  i  ilierll, 
idoa.  17M-1S18,  ud  ino;  W 
bomneti,  IMiI :  UJ*.  IUetchli«lq, 
friend  q(  (JmrgE  IV.       [.iil,  W] 

T(iMt-iBMXi<">nul>n:  aiuul 
'    ■  In  Lcmdini  (r-  '-■--  " — '- 


Qa^fiHB  «..    ..  _  .     .... 

«(aqDaHiTlct(iiia,lM7'.baaoniTDX]J. 

OiliH.  MW ;  oolaMi.  l«Ui  l]«fat  flngoom.  IBM ;  famU 
IKS:  amMd  tannet,  lH7fl;  iiutbor  of  *AnnaI»  ot  tlie 
WM>a<Ib(Kebt«aiILCaiIaiT.'  [lUL  U6] 


rfiheohnreh,  IMSiii 


r,  BiHT  (d.  887).  bWiopof  LlniliJL_._ 
kipt  dcqi  (B  tbc  bull  B«r  tbe  iBadn-,  >  trSbuUry  d(  t: 
TwBd.  «Bt: ' •    " - 


CDTPtTRBB,    MOLL    {16B4Me£9).      [S«    Fhith, 
OUTTAITOE,  eiH  ROOBRCA  1 


ol  tbc  Nuoiiy,  lu;  :  knjgbiaj,  Ises ;  op 

OUTTnrOX,  fllANClBdetb  cent.), hi 

TVWIUm.'  16»» :  posBblj  id^nlluil  witt 
tln^  iDtmiil  to  Uw  Mug  nl  DcDnuirk,  1» 

(1)11-1707),  liaitfluutgeDsvl :  tellow-nn 


""[xlU.  M«] 


ttCtailBbafj  t'  -'  ■    ■  •   ■■ 

nrTKBUBB  or  OVTESDROA,  SiijiTT  (/.  7PD;.  «!t 
i(lH,t(s«af  iliE  Wsl-Suona;  (undB  ud  ibbm  u 
■UwH,  Dnet.  [lUi.  3«i] 

OVTKXKD  (tf.  7MX  orer^lord  o(  tbe  Wat^^ios 
taateB :  cental  .fitbclbald  of  tOrcis  M  Burronl.  Oi- 
MUc^  711 :  delated  Uk  Wdib,  7BS.  [lUl.  IM] 

OOnXX,  Sir  JOHN  {1«08?'1GB3X   LODdoi 
-'     ■  ■  '  ■■     «nb«rtpUoni  ntKd  by  the 


bFOoUegf-of  FbfilcUna.  16 
A  tbe  pAriJh  of  St.  MAJK^rft,  Watmlni 
W ;  frmmaHj  panlmimlani,  lod  Uie  occasisn 
WllMlT'l'PniKijf  A»rl«.'  [lUI.  Ml 


ijbop  of  Cunlerburj 
(■ill.  ITQ] 

OnOHKLK  ( 
ol,  nnrt  co-ruier  wi 

b«pti«d.  Ma. 

.  eas).  king  of  tbo  WBt-suoM :  »o 

^'^ii;i-'ov'^^?tb'^.*bS^'!i't;! 

lllU.  B71] 

OTBI,    OUBI,  or   KEBI  (Jt.  ^60V).  Welib  Bint: 
TlEllHi  iT^Uml,  but  »■»  e.pd]«l  by  Cruhlhir  FlnUm.  * 

Holjhiwl  lalimrt.                                               [lill,  371] 

orrxiAwe{d.tn).   [s«ci> 

OTMBZLIME 

.(.13  7).     ISmC 

-NMBKLISfB.} 

SnioDs:  together 
UMd,eS(:  (ouude 

KENEaiLB  {d.  U3).  Uug  oF  tbe  WHt- 
Lrtlt  his  nm  Cwlrtielni  [q.T.l,  iWeaUd 
aiDdftn.  014:  Mated  by  E.d*lM  ol 
oonqumni  the  Kmi-Phdm,  fl!0  :  btp- 
ol  Um  ne  or  DarcbstfT,  Oirordsblre. 

CTBBWDLF  or  OTirWULT  (.i 


fu'er«  o(  Cynebeard  tl 

be  had  ordpred  into  tinjethna 

tmrSlO  (d.  se07X  Ung  at  the  Oewinu  or  Wat. 
SnitniH;  probablv  boo.  Hud  perhape  gnntlOD,  of  Oerdio 
[q.T.].  vhomtaeIa«liJIoli>'e«iiawd«l,S34;  tiadition- 
■lly  de(»tcd  tbo  Brilona  at  8«robyrle,  Stl, 

,         [SuppL  IL.  lOT] 

OTPIBa,  WILLI  A  U  (1831-1881).  phibXDpblcd 
nrlter;  pobUibed in 'Inquiry  tcto  the PraceuofBumaa 
Eiperi™™,'  IB80 ;  mlboi  oC  •  Pottery  Poems  ■  an*  ■  Solan 
BBtond."  1868.  [lilL  1731 


DABOKNB 


312 


DALE 


D 


DABOSHI,  ROBERT  (d.  1698),  dmmatlf>t  and  divine  ; 
dean  of  Lismore,  1621 ;  ooHaborated  with  Field  and  Ma«- 
eingrer ;  wrote  aereral  plays,  two  of  whioh, '  A  OhriBtian 
tnrn'd  Tnrke,*  1613,  and  *The  Poor-man's  Oomfort,*  are 
still  extant.  [xiil.  373] 

DAOBS,  Babonh.  [See  Fiknnib,  Thomas,  ninth 
Baron,  1617-1641:  Fiknnbb,  Grboort,  tenth  Barok, 
163^1694 ;  Lbnkard,  Francis,  fourteenth  Baron,  1619- 
1663.] 

DAGSE,  Baronrsb.  [See  Fiekxbr,  Anne,  d,  1596 : 
Brand,  Barbabina,  1768-1864.] 

DAOKE,  twenty-third  Baron  (1814-1893).  [Bee 
Brand,  Sir  Henry  BomrKRiR  Wtluam.] 

DAOBX,  LEONARD  (<f.  1673),  promoter  of  the 
Northern  r^Uion  in  the  reign  of  Qaeen  Elizabeth ;  de- 
feated near  Carlisle  by  LoM  Hansdon,  who  had  been 
ordored  to  arrest  him,  1670 ;  fled  to  Scotland,  and  sat  in  a 
conyention  of  the  nobles  at  Leith,  1670 ;  died  at  Brussels. 

[xiil.  374] 

DA0BS8,  ARTHUR  (1634-1678),  physician;  B.A. 
Magdalene  Oollege,  Cambridge,  1646 ;  fellow,  1646  ;  M.D., 
1664 ;  aasistant-phjrsioian  at  St  Bartholomew's  Hospital, 
166^78 ;  professor  of  geometry,  Oresham  College,  1664 ; 
censor  of  the  College  of  Physicians,  1673.         [xiiL  876] 

BA0BX8,  Sir  RICHARD  JAMBS  (1799-1886X  fleld- 
marshal;  captain  in  the  royal  artillery,  1837;  brevet- 
major,  1861 ;  commanded  the  royal  horse  artillery  at  the 
Alma,  1864 ;  engaged  in  the  bombardments  of  Sebastop(d ; 
general,  1867  ;  0.03.,  1869 :  field-marshal,  1886. 

[xiiL  876] 

DA0RB8,  Sir  SIDNEY  GOLPOYS  (1806-1884X 
admiral ;  brother  of  Sir  Richard  James  Dacres  [q.  ▼.] ; 
lieutenant  in  nary,  1837 :  reduced  SLastro  Morea,  and 
received  the  crosses  of  the  Legion  of  Honour  and  of  the 
Redeemer  of  Greece,  1838;  commanded  the  Sans  Pareil 
before  Sebastopol,  1864 ;  captain  of  the  Mediterranean 
fleet,  1869 ;  comnuinder-in-chief  in  Channel,  1683  ;  rice- 
admiral,  1866  ;  Q.O.B.,  1871.  [xiii.  376] 

DADE,  WILLIAM  (1740  ?-l  790),  antiquary ;  rector  of 
St.  Mary's,  Castlegate,  York,  and  Barmston ;  F.S.A.,  1783  : 
his  *  History  of  Holdemess  *  published  by  PouIboii,  1840-1. 

[xiU.  376] 

DAFFORNE,  JAMES  (d.  1880),  writer  on  art ;  con- 
tributed to  the  *  Art  Journal ' ;  published  *  The  Life  and 
Works  of  Edward  Matthew  Ward,  R.A.,'  1879,  and  trans- 
lated De  la  Croix's  'Arts  of  the  Middle  Ages.'  [xiil.  377] 

DAFFY,  THOMAS  (d.  1680),  taventor  of  Dairy's 
*dixir  salntls' ;  rector  of  Harby,  Leicestershire,  1647,  and 
of  Redmile,  Leicestershire,  1666-80.  [xiiL  877] 

DAFT,  RICHARD  (1836-1900),  cricketer;  amateur, 
1867 :  played  for  Gentlemen,  1868,  and  as  professi(»ial  for 
Nottinghamshire,  1868-81;  took  team  to  Canada  and 
United  States,  1879  ;  published  *  Kings  of  Cricket,'  1893. 

[Suppl.  11.  103] 

FAOAB,    JACQUES    (1640-1716),    painter;    court 

Sftinter  at  Copenhagen ;  visited  London,  c  1700  ;  died  at 
openhagen.  [xiii.  377] 

DAOLET.  RICHARD  (d.  1841X  subjeot-pahiter  and 
engraver ;  educated  at  Christ's  Hospital ;  exhibited  sixty 
pictures  at  the  Royal  Academy,  1786-1833 ;  illustrated 
the  elder  Dlszseli's  *  Flim-flams ' ;  anthor  of  *  Gems  selected 
from  the  Antique,*  1%04,  and  other  works.       [xiii.  377] 

FAOTJILAB,  Sir  GEORGE  CHARLES  (1784-1866), 
lieutenant-general ;  lieutenant,  1803  ;  brigade-major,  1806  ; 
served  against  the  Mar4th4s  ;  sent  by  Lord  William  Ben- 
tinck  on  a  military  mission  to  Yanlna  and  Constantinople ; 
major  in  the  rifle  brigade,  1817;  commanded  in  the 
Chinese  wsr,  receiving  the  submission  of  Canton,  1847 ; 
lieutenant-colonel  and  K.C3.,  1861 ;  anthor  of  manuals  of 
military  discipline.  [xiii.  378] 

DAHL,  MICHAEL (1666-1743), portrait-painter;  bom 
at  Stockholm:  portrait-painter  in  London  from  1688; 
patrouL^ted  by  Queen  Anne  and  most  of  the  nobility  :  un- 
deservedly styled  the  rival  of  Kneller.  [xiii.  379] 


DAIKTBEE,  RICHARD  (18S1-1878X  geolofrirt;  edu- 
cated at  Bedford  grammar  school  and  Christ's  College, 
Cambridge ;  student  in  the  Royal  School  of  Mines,  1886 ; 
field  geologist  on  the  geological  survey  of  Victoria,  18S8- 
1864  ;  government  geologist.  North  (^oeenslaod^  1869-73; 
examUied  the  auriferous  strata  of  Qoeendand ;  ageat- 
general  for  Queensland,  1873-8 ;  C.M.G.,  1878. 

[ziiLS79] 

DAIEOELL  or  TAIEOELL,  otherwise  Moluxo  (d, 
696),  Irish  saint  and  bishop ;  founded  a  monastery  and 
church  at  Roes  Broc,  on  the  river  Barrow;  settled  the 
boundary  between  Leinster  and  the  territories  of  Diarmoid 
and  Blathmac,  kings  of  Ireland  ;  procured  a  remission  of 
the  boruma  tax  by  stratagem  from  King  Fiimaohta  in 
favour  of  the  Leinstermen ;  supposititious  anthor  of  the 
*  Baile  Moiling,'  a  prophetic  rhapsody.  [xiiL  880] 

DAXnrS,  WILLIAM  (<l.  1607),  divine ;  educated  at 
Westminster  and  Trinity  College,  Camlnidge ;  maior 
fellow,  1694 ;  M.A.,  1694 :  B.D.,  1601 ;  vicar  of  Trumpijig- 
ton,  1603-6  :  professor  of  divinity,  Gresham  College,  Lon- 
don, 1604 ;  junior  dean.  Trinity  College,  1606-7 ;  took  part 
in  tlie  *  authorised  translation '  of  the  bible.     [xiiL  9a] 

DALBIAO,  Sir  JAMES  CHARLES  (1776-1848X  Ueo- 
tenant-general ;  captain,  4th  light  dragoons,  1798 ;  fought, 
as  lieutenantroolonel,  at  Talavera,  1809,  and  at  Salamanos, 
1813 ;  commanded  Uie  Goojerat  district  of  tbe  Bonritay 
army,  1833-4;  president  of  court-martial  for  trial  of 
Bristol  rioters,  1831 ;  K.C.H. ;  M.P.,  Ripoo,  18S»-7 ;  Ueo- 
tenant-general,  1838.  [xiiL  883] 


DALBIEE,  JOHN  (</.  1648),  soldier;  perhaps  In 
vice  of  Count  Blansfeld  during  thirty  years'  war  ;  entered 
English  service,  c.  1687,  and  accompanied  Bookinghun  to 
Isle  of  R^ ;  In  service  of  Sweden,  c.  16SS-S3 ;  qoarter- 
master-general  and  captain  of  troop  of  horse  under  &»a 
in  civil  war ;  commanded  forces  at  siege  of  Basing ;  took 
Donnlngton  Castle,  1646;  joined  royalists,  1648;  klOsd 
after  defeat  at  St.  Neot<s.  [Suppl.  iL  109] 

DALBT,  ISAAC  (1744-1834X  mathematidan :  matbe- 
matical  master  in  the  naval  school,  Chelsea,  1781 :  trigo- 
nometrical surveyor  for  connecting  meridians  of  Green- 
wich and  Paris,  1787  ;  assisted  in  trigonometrical  survev 
at  England  and  Wales ;  professor  of  mathenmtics,  Sand- 
hurst College,  1799-1820  :  published  books  on  matbematios, 
especially  trigonometry.  [xiiL  383] 

DALBY,  ROBERT  (d.  1689%  Roman  oathoUc  divine ; 
ordained  priest  at  Douav ;  i^ent  back  to  England  as  a 

missloner,  1588 ;  execuu>d,  1589.  [xliL  888] 

DALDERBY,  JOHN  de  (d.  1380),  bishop  of  Llncohi: 
arohdeaoon  of  Carmartben,  1283 :  chancellor  of  linooln 
Cathedral;  bishop  of  Lincoln,  1300;  denied  the  right  of 
Edward  I  to  tax  ecclesiastics  without  consent  of  pope, 
1801;  papal  commissioner  to  try  the  tempLars,  1808; 
present  at  the  appointment  of  the '  ordainers,*  1810. 

[XiiL  388] 

DALE,  DAVID  (1739-1806),  industrialist  and  philan- 
thropist ;  fixed  on  New  Lanark  as  a  site  for  the  erection 
of  cotton-mills  in  conjunction  with  Arkwrlght ;  parteer 
in  cotton-mills  at  Catrlne ;  established  the  first  Torkey- 
red  dyeing  works  in  Scotland,  1786 :  imported  at  his  own 
risk  food-stnffs  for  the  poor  in  times  of  dearth. 

[xilLS84] 

DALE.  ROBERT  WILLIAM  (1839-1896X  congre- 
gational divine;  joined  congregation^  ohnroh,  1844; 
usher  successively  at  Brixton  Hill  and  Leamington: 
studied  theology  at  Spring  College,  Birmingham ;  MJL 
London,  1863 :  assistant  minister  at  Carr's  :^ne  Chapd, 
Birmingham,  1863  ;  sole  pastor,  1869  ;  lectorer  on  litera- 
ture, philosophy,  and  homiletics  at  Spring  Hill,  1868: 
presided  over  international  council  of  oongregatiogul 
churches,  1891 :  LL.D.  Glasgow,  1883 ;  published  nameroos 
theoIoG^cnl  work?,  and  compiled  'The  English  Hymn 
Book,'  1874.  [Suppl.  iL  104] 

DALE.  SAMUEL  (1669  ?-17S9),  physician ;  practised 
at  Bralntree,  Essex,  1686;  chief  work,  '  PharmacoloKia,' 
1693;  wrote  an  appendix  to  Taylor's  *  History  and  An- 
tiquities  of  Harwich  and  Doveroourt,*  1730.    [xiiL  881] 


DALZ.  Sib  THOU.^  (d.  i«]g).  nani  oomnunder ; 
atmd  In  tha  Ldv  OoButriH  ;  munhiil  o(  Vlrginls,  ICOS  : 
MimiM  al  TiiBlais,  ir>u  ud  Ifllt-ll :  dcratnl  tbe 
ttotebaflJuatn,  JkTa.iei8.  [lUL  asS] 

DALZ,  THOUAB  (17»-I8ie).  phyilclan  :  edunkUil 
■t  S*.  Ful'g  Scboill  uvl  EilUibargh  ITnlifralty  :  M.D. 
UlabnKh,  1171 ;  L.R.C.i'^  17M  ;  one  of  tbe  ongtiuun  of 
tilt  Bofd  litBsrj  Panl.  [ilii,  iSD] 

DUS,  THOMAS  (1;b7-iS70),  dm  of  RtnbHiUr: 
iJlrtll  M ObrM^  Rofpltal  utl  OBptii  Ohriitl  OollHct. 
Gulvito;  ILA^  IBM;  ilair  nl  Bt.  Brldn'i,  FIrM 
9t(«(.lW:  pntfOHFot  BDgUabit  Lndon  CnlTcrrity. 
UM-M.MdUKInc'aOiDSBcin*-*:  pnbmdsrT  nl  Bt. 
Pun  OAtdnl.  IMJ ;  tIou  of  3L  Pumu,  IMt-«l  i 
4iM  at  BadnMa,  ISA) :  DJi.  CMnbridm.  It'll:  poMlibal 
IhidHlal  vTHiiig*  ud  doebu,  inoli^inB  -Ttaa  Widow 
*  wA'mT.m  •  The  dnlliw  ol  Tnnnu,'  IBIS  ;  tnu- 

SAU,  THOMAS  PBLHAM  (lB}l-IB99).rlta>Ii>tto 
«•!>•:■«  of  TbOniuI)alFli;B7-1870i[q.T.]:  alilciutal 
It  Ki^r>  OoOva.  lADduu,  uod  Sliluey  Sosra  OolkgE. 
"--"^1m;MX,l««;rH.-lor ■     "    "    '     ■ 


DALBOUBB,  HiRqum  or  (ISl!-lx«nL    lem  It 

I,  Jambs  Aniihicw  Bhi 
AT.  Geobge,  Evdfth  K 


8  TIAT.T.TTTFtTnW 

DAILAM.  THOSlAS(jf.mt),or(mnbal 
OoUegT,  C^mDdd^.  IMS,  hA  'lot  U'oronl 


EUbajiSauiD 
1S««).  dlvlue 


Vardley,  HorUonlaliim,  1817 :  pnbraiatj  of   T.laiHtoff, 
1H17;    Dhaplain   tt>    Blsbop   li^amner;    HA.    lamliMh; 


nhlbltal  It  the  Ri 

lLLAS,      BNKAd 
■liaC  mid  lutbor: 


'Paala.'  IBtl,  'Thr 


DALLAS,  aBUtUItf  (1 


IR  QBOBOB  (17M-1H33\  n 


,.fSH-lH331,|ioUtl(!«l  writer ; 

writd  Ld  Uie  En^t  mdl*  Ownpsoj'B 
hiTvlDe.  177G;  BUperlDbeiLdent  of  iIji^  oallecUoiu  tX 
Majo-lalii ;  oreaKil  bmonel,  I7»» :  M. I'..  Newport,  lSOO-3; 
pnbtlslitd  pnTnpUlet  In  vlddioiUon  of  Wamn  BuUu*, 
I7IIII.  >  dercnce  ol  Ibe  Uariinia  WellHteyM  policy  Id  ImSi. 
1W6t  'J^Uen  on  Uh  Ff^^cal  and  CummercUl  Stalfof 
iTFlnod.'  1797,  And  tractates  ogsloAt 


>,  OBOROB  <lS9e!-]«8T),  pul«ispU>t:  i 

SalMb  Si^iail.  OoBiuey,  IMJ-7J :  oblet  w 
nlnnpbiu,'  ISM.  ud  Uk  ■  An  Sl| 
iHijuttolli«mil»te»pliUowph[ealla 


BAISLIzni,  'WILUAU  {1733-1B07X  Uwologlc*] 
ntV;  DJl.  XdlDboif  b.  17sa  :  mtnliiter  at  Feebln.  1T«I- 
W;patilldHd-'nieS(U-ai««c«BiidSiiprEiM  Deity  of 
OiM  Ocfeadol,'  im.ln  jnilillcstlon  of  fab  'TrneSon- 


Hiiaii,  Joun  WiujAH.  tb 


1.  IS*:-: 


Onj't  Inn,  1( 

IVntJ   p*l*lin*    of    l^nc 

DILL.    NICHOLAS  T 


(d.  IMS).  )U 


i  Harcfoid 


[.1 

BiUAX,  KAIfH  (d.  Itri).  argu-bailder ;  baUt 
am  tX  Booby,  HxiliHy  (IQU).  ud  Lynn  BegU.  u 
■*  M  me  far  Be  Oeotse'i  Ohapd,  WludBOr,  wblcb 

"ATTiw    BOBSBT  (ItOI-lMC).  orgui-biiUder:  »d 


LB.    ROBBHT  CHARLES  (1;m-1814>,  mil 

1.  uid  In  America;  pmbibitld  by  Lord  El 
UbUiff  b^  friend  Ij^rd  ByroD'i  letten,  it 
rmfliidy ;  wrote  talce,  poemi,  a  'HlBtory  of 
1803.  Slid  ethlAl  tnatlHii.  [illL  M' 


M:  KpwJnli 
,B.  Oifonl, 


a  bcfftldry,  Kn^llsb  ai 


geDeiml,  l*6lt-» ;  attoniey.generai, 
■ctlng  premier  uid  fDRign  Bwrel 
plan  of  Bending  troops  to  aid  tbe  ir 

SALLIXa  A1TD  BULWES,  E 


lil-ISBHX  Au^trallui 
,  ISSS:  Q.C.,  1877; 
:bB.  I)U8 ;    Millidtor- 


DALLnaTOB,  s 


[i,0ilonl,l« 


[111 


911 


[OBBRT  (16BI-la37X  Dl 
t  GambrkdgE;  e^uUema 
J  to  Frlnn  Ueory:  m 


DALLMBYKEl  814  TlAT.TtWPT.TR 

im-S7;   Imighlot,    lew;   pohll.hed   'A     tmiDM L.ndfrt«lrt pmecnUon i . 
lent  Dulcc'i  atHtc  of  TaMBSv.'  1«M.  ud     stUmptnJ  to  Inwn  tbs  HiBlty  ol  tbe  Te>l  &ct,  IMI : 
Bud  Itaio  )U  opcTBUon  Ui  London :   pobliibHl  '  lutUn- 

faiatllltir  Dl  Ok  Duke  ol  York  uid  OUTniMUB  to  Ityiai, 

Itei;    pabllsbtd    ■  FtarHoliigta    Mm    BxpaiutaUl,- 

l<§e:  iHUal  W  Bnftuid  wltb  WDUud  a(OnB«>.llW: 

lUd  TlKoont  of  BUlr.  Lord  Olwlnoi  ud  Stauns, 

'  tbd  prlr7  coaaoU  whloh  wltinl  th  ' 

old  not  be  tabs  atUs  (In  dnsilgf 

lU7  BppolDlod.  ini;  (DTDlabeiJ  t  npon  so  wbliili  ■ 

J..  .V.  ■  -■  •—  uia  R^ittion  of  tiK  Jnaintlmt, 


coucemlnx  the  SmtUih  Hitlorr  pr«sdliiK~Ui(  diUD  ■ 
King  DiTld  tbe  ?lnt  Is  IIIS,'  ITOt.  [lUL  tli] 

, DUBTHPIZ.    8i»  J 

tn  tbe  »nlb  PkHBc  Ooui  before     (1MS-Ir07).  hb  ot  Sir  Judb  DdrTmp)^  flrrt  tIhoiM 
iijn,  >••».  Ciill.40a]        auir[q.  T.]:   knighted,  IWT:  ScoHiab  adiMBte,  Itn; 

I  Of   AduxulB.  ISKX  .  CT«lBi  l»ropel  of  NOTB     _._.^  .,„„ ,  , i,H,tlon  at  w^—  "-•  ' 


-    "IS;   lord  preiid^nt  of  i 

i^SS^TJET"*  ^"li;  ^i"  ",£?'  'TrRM^  ^;2.Unt";S''°r"HS£^'S^r4'rr«l  ol  bl.  rt- 
IS^^-  "dJ^"'  ^"  H'*  P^n^pl"  [q.  ,■.] ;  lord  aSSlrHltj  (or  UKrtlatr  tbe  rlSibl  of  tbe  SooUMi  peen  to 
ol  WHioD  u  Idcd  Drammore,  17a«.  [.ill.  407]         ^^  reprMfpUilive  peer,  wllhoal  KorcmiiHaUl  SettB- 

DUKXXPIX,  Btn  HEW  WiflTEFOOnD.  banraec     «i«.1733^  Belil-m>nhjil.I743;  g0Tem)r(il)lli»»,17tI: 
(17W-10M),  gflKTUl;  gretkt-ErBndAon  of  Sir  Jameri  DhI-     fought  at  Dfttlngvo.  17tS;  oommAndK-lq-chtef  tDKUtb- 

1.    ._,  _. .  ■,....  r_   .,.   ...... .    ..jj.     Britain,  1744  iBeocrtlol  the Bi«laei,lV*S,    [iUi.4«l] 

SALSTVPLE.  JOHN.  Dftb  EiRL  or  Stuh  (ITH 

l?ai(),  ann7  csptalo  ;  ■dvDcste  of  lbs  SoMUib  bu,  1T41 

Tpftltlon  on  bebslt  ol 
punpblifL*  on  the  natlui 

DAIETKPLE,  Sir  JOHN,  foorth  bi ^ 

■loon  <l7!fl-18lai,  grottJih  ind«e :  tdantud  at  RdtnbuKd 
Unlienlt;  ndd  Trinlt;  HtlLOuabrldge:  ■dnnMa  *t  Ai' 
Scottlub  bar,  1148:  en^bequer  baren,  1TT«-180T;  d** 
cDTered  the  nr-t  of  "°>*"c  Hap  from  berrlnBi ;  chS^ 
works, '  Brsif  toward!  a  General  HlBtorr  of  Peadal  Pie- 
^~™J  V^y  In  (Jrrat  Brililn.-  1767,  and  'Itenioln  ol  Onat 
oSrt   to      '''^'''"  ■°'l  l™!"°il  (IMl-ieSl),'  17IL  [liU.  *»4J 

ln<t  tbe  SALXTKPI^E,  JOHN,  ilitli  Bami.  oi  Bran  (1711- 

preaMentofaeHioD,     mi),  son  of  Jobn,  IKthTl  of  Stair  [q.T.]  ;aaptiiliiBH 

-. , WlgUivmahlre,167!and     potenUary  to  Poland.  17(11,  and  la  BeillB,  ITH. 

1471-4;   privy  eoundller  of  SooUand,  IS7i:   protested  (tUL  4X] 


815 


DAJLTEUj 


JOHN  (180S-185S),  ophthalmio  sar- 
noD ;  son  oC  William  Dairymple  (177S-1847)  [q.  v.] : 
llJLOJU  1897 ;  fargecm  to  the  Royal  London  Ophthal- 
Bde  Honital,  184S ;  F.RJ3n  I860 ;  writer  on  ophthalmic 

[xUi.  426] 


Sot  JOHN  HAMILTON  MAOGILL, 
ov  Stair  (1771-1863),  son  of  Sir  John  Dal- 
(17M-1810)  [q.  ▼.]  ;  served  aa  captain  in  Flan- 
17M  and  17M ;  geoovl,  1838 :  deviaed  a  sabstitate 
for  earystal  puniahmeot  in  the  army ;  M^.  for  Mid« 
****»*-*,  mS  ;  keeper  of  the  great  seal  of  Scotland,  1840-1, 
Mid IMt-iS;  created  Baron  Oxenford  of  Oooaland,  1841 ; 
LT^IMT.  [xiU.4S6] 


ITU: 


WILLIAM    (172S-1814X    religioos 
of  the  first  ohai^  at  Ayr,  1766 ;  D.D. 
1779 :  moderator  of  the  general  aaeembly, 
in  BamB*t  *  Kirk's  AUurm.'      [xUi.  426] 


,    WILLIAM    (1772-1847),    sargeon : 
ai  the  Norfolk  and  Norwich  Hospital,  1814-39 ; 
•a  ao  operator  in  tying  the  common  carotid 
in  Utbotomy.  [xiiL  426] 

OiALTOS,  JOHN  (1709-176SX  poet  and  divine ;  taber- 
^v,  Qiiri  n'n  OoUege,  Oxford,  173U :  M.A.,  1734 :  adapted 
]QtoB'\i  •  Oomos '  for  the  stage,  1738 ;  fellow  of  Qaeen's 
OoOage^  Oxford,  1741 ;  canon  of  Worcester,  1748 ;  rector 
«(  81^  Maiy-at-Hill,  1748  ;  D.D^  1760 ;  published  sermons 
ana  dUaetic  and  deuriptiTe  poems.  [xiiL  427] 

AALTOV,  JOHN  (1726-1811X  captahi  under  the  Bast 
bte  Oompany :  as  second  lieutenant  in  the  8th  marines 
was  employed  oo  the  Ooromandel  coast,  1746 ;  captain  of 
liiinpiaii  greDadiers  under  the  Bast  India  Ocnnpany, 
1741 :  *i*ftM^*>«i  Trichinopoly,  1763 ;  returned  to  England, 
17K  [XiiL  438] 

OALTOV,  JOHN  (1766-1844),  chemist  and  natural 
pMoeopher :  kept  a  qnaker's  school,  1778 ;  assistant  and 

Br  in  a  school  at  Kendal,  1781-93 : 
meteoroloi^cal  journal,  1787 ;  studied  matbe- 
,  ipology,  and  botany,  compiling  a  *  Hortus  Siccus ' ; 
vnkmuL  of  mathematics  and  natural  philosophy,  New 
OaOqge,  Manchester,  1793-9;  published  *  Meteorological 
OtaemrtloDS  and  Baaaya,'  maintaining  electrical  origin  of 
Mrorm  borealii,  1793 ;  revealed  his  discovery  of  oolour- 
Mbdnem,  17M ;  oonstitoted  meteorology  a  sclenoe  by  his 
pqcn  on  the  *  Oonstitation  of  Mixed  Oases,'  and  on 
'Ibe  BxpaiMlaa  of  (teaes  by  Heat,'  1801 ;  discovered  the 
hv  of  r}tmmn\i*mi  combinations,  and  tabulated  the  atomic 
vcigbts  of  Tarioos  dements,  1806 ;  president  of  the  Man- 
tester  PhilaBophical  Society,  1817-44 ;  foreign  associate 
•f  the  Faria  Academy  of  Sciences,  1830 :  prizeman  of  the  ^ 
Beyal  Society  *  for  hia  devdopmentof  the  chemical  theory  \ 
^  DeOnite  Prmxntions,*  1826;  honorary  D.C.L.  and 
I<LJ>.  of  Oxford  and  Bdinburgh  respectively,  1832  and 
l^:  pobliabed  *  A  New  System  of  Ohemical  Philosophy,' 
1308  and  18S7,  In  which  he  partly  anticipated  (1808) 
Dokmg  and  Frtit's  law  of  specific  heats,  and  wrote  the 
«rtkle  *Mebeorokigy '  in  Rees's '  Gydopodla.'  [xiii.  428] 


ITALTOV,  JOHN  (1792-1867),  Irish  historian,  t^enea- 
jlai  and  MogFapber;  graduate  of  Trinity  (College, 
DobUn;  law  student  of  the  Middle  Temple,  London, 
1811 ;  caDed  to  the  Irish  bar,  1813:  medallist,  Roval 
Irish  Academy,  1827,  and  priaeman,  1831 :  published  a 
en  the  Law  of  Tithes,*  a  poem  entitled  *  Dermid,* 
of  the  Archbishops  of  Dublin,'  1838,  a  '  History 
«f  the  Ooonty  of  Dublin,'  1838,  and  the '  Annals  of  Boyle.' 

[xiii.  434] 
D^LTOV.  JOHN  (1814-1874X  Boman  catholic  diviiie  ; 
iBiRiaiier  at  Northampton,  Norwich,  and  Lynn :  member 
of  the  chapter  of  the  diocese  of  Northampton ;  translated 
Latin  and  Spaniah  devotional  works,  also  a  'Life  of 
8t  Wintfrede*  from  a  British  Museum  manuscript,  1867. 

[xUi.  436] 
BALTOir.  LAUBBNOB  (d.  1661),  Norroy   king-of- 
«■§:  Booge  Oroix  ponuivant,  1646;  Bichmond  herald, 
Utf :  Norroj  Ung-of-arms,  1667.  [xiiL  436] 

SALTOV,  MIOHABL  (d.  1648 ?X  legal  writer:  J.P. 
i*  Oambridgeshiie ;  commiaaioner  of  aequestrations  for 
tteooBoty  of  Oambridge,  1648 ;  author  of  *  The  Oountrey 
ivtkft:  1618,  and  *  Offlcium  Vioeoomitum,  or  the  Office 
•■d  Aotboritle  of  Sheriffs,'  1623.  [xiU.  436] 

AALTOV,    BIOHARD   (1716  7-1791),  draughtsman, 
V  and  librarian ;  studied  art  in  Rome ;  travelled. 


1749,  in  Greece,  Oonstantinoplc,  and  Egypt,  publishing 
first  drawings  of  monuments  of  ancient  art  in  thoae 
countries ;  librarian  to  George  III  as  Prince  of  Wales 
and  as  king;  keeper  of  pictures  and  antiquarian  to 
Geoqnge  III;  one  of  original  committee  which  drew  up 
project  for  establishment  of  Royal  Academy,  1766 ; 
original  member,  1766,  and  treasurer  of  Incorporated 
Sodety  of  Artists ;  antiquarian  to  Royal  Academy ;  F.S  JL., 
1767.  [SuppL  IL  108] 

DALT  or  0*DALT.  DANIEL  or  DOMINIO  (1696- 
1662X  ecclesiastic  and  author  ;  a  native  of  Kerry ; 
Dominican  monk  at  Lugo,  Galicia,  with  the  name  of 
Dominic  de  Roeario;  professor  at  the  Irish  Dominican 
college  of  Louvain  ;  established  an  Irish  Dominican 
college  at  Lisbon,  and  was  appointed  rector,  1684  ;  enlisted 
men  in  Limerick  for  the  Spanish  service ;  founded  nun- 
nery for  IrLAb  Dominicans  at  Lisbon,  1639 :  Portuguese 
envciy  to  Oharles  I  and  CJharles  II ;  urged  Oharles  11  to 
give  the  Irish  civil  and  religious  Uber^,  1649 ;  bishop- 
elect  of  Ooimbraand  president  of  the  Portugrueae  privy 
council ;  author  of  an  account  in  Latin  of  the  Gkraldine 
Earls  of  Desmond,  1666,  published  at  Lisbon.  [xiiL  436] 

DALT,  DENIS  (1747-1791),  Irish  politician  ;  educated 
at  Christ  Ohurcb,  Oxford ;  MJ*.  for  Gal  way  county, 
1768-90,  for  Oalway  town,  1790  ;  opposed  the  measure  of 
independence,  1780 :  muster-master-general,  1781 ;  op- 
posed Flood's  bill  for  parliamentary  rdform,  1788. 

[xUi.  438] 

DALT,  Sib  DOMINIGK  (1798-1868X  governor  of  South 
Australia;  assistant-secretary  to  the  government  of  Lower 
Oanada,  1826-7 ;  provincial  secretary  for  the  united  pro- 
vinces of  Oanada,  1840-8 ;  member  of  the  council,  1840 ; 
Uentenant-govemor,  Tobago,  1861-4  ;  lieutenant-governor. 
Prince  Bdwani  ishmd,  1864-9 ;  knighted,  1866 ;  governor 
of  South  Australia,  1861-8.  [xiiL  439] 

DALT,  SIR  HENRY  DERMOT  (1821-1896),  general ; 
ensign  Ist  Bombay  European  regiment,  1840 ;  brevet- 
colonel,  1864;  major-general,  1870;  lieutenant-general, 
1877;  general,  1888;  served  in  Sikh  war,  1848-9,  and 
against  Afridis,  1849;  with  field  force  under  Captain 
Coke,  1861,  and  under  Sir  Colin  Campbell,  1862 ;  served  at 
Delhi  and  Lucknow  and  in  campaign  in  Oude,  1868 ;  com- 
mander of  Central  India  Horse  and  political  aaaistant  at 
Angur  for  Western  Malwa,  1861 ;  agent  to  governor- 
general  for  Central  India  at  Indore  and  opium  agent  In 
Malwa,  1871 ;  K.C.B.,  1876  ;  C.I.E..  1880 ;  G.C.B.,  1889. 

[SuppL  U.  109] 

DALT,  RICHARD  (d.  1813),  actor  awl  theatrical 
manager ;  fellow-commoner.  Trinity  College,  Dublhi :  first 
appeared  on  the  Dublin  stage  at*  Lord  Towuley :  opened 
Smock  Alley  Theatre,  Dublin,  1781 ;  became  proprietor  of 
Crow  Street  Theatre;  patentee  for  a  theatre  royal  at 
Dublin,  1786  :  obtained  decision  for  libel  agaiuwt  Magee,  a 
journalist,  1790 ;  surrendered  his  claim  to  the  theatre 
royal,  1797 ;  pensioned,  179&  [xiiL  439] 

DALT,  ROBERT  (1783-1872),  bishop  of  Oaahel  and 
Waterfoiti :  son  of  Denis  Daly  [q.  v.]  ;  M.A.  Trinity  Col- 
lege, Dublin,  1882 ;  D.D.,  1843 :  dean  of  St.  Patrick's 
Dublin,  1848;  bishop  of  Cashel  and  Waterfoid,  1843; 
edited  Bb^hop  O'Brien's '  Focaloir  Gaoidhilge-8ax-Bh6arU, 
or  Irish-English  Dictionary,'  1832.  [xiiL  440] 

DALTELL,  Sir  JOHN  GRAHAM  (1776-1861X  anti- 
quary and  naturalist ;  studied  at  Edinburgh  University ; 
member  of  the  Faculty  of  Advocates,  1796 ;  vice-president, 
Society  of  Anticiuaries  of  Scotland,  1797  ;  knighted,  1836; 
president.  Society  of  Arts  for  Scotland,  1839-40 ;  preecs  of 
the  board  of  directors  of  the  Zoological  Gardens,  Edin- 
burgh, 1841 :  published  works,  incUiding  'Scottish  Poems 
of  the  Sixteenth  Century,'  18U1,  'The  Darker  Superstitions 
of  Scotland,'  1834,  and '  The  Powers  of  the  Creator  dis- 
played hi  the  Creation '  (vol.  L  1861,  vol.  ii.  1863). 

[XiiL  441] 

DALTELL  or  DALZELL,  ROBERT,  second  Karl  op 
Carxwath  (rf.  1664),  privy  councillor  for  ScoUand,  1641 ; 
hostile  to  the  covenanters ;  fined  10,0007.  Scots  for  refusing 
to  appear  in  answer  to  a  charge  of  treasonable  corre- 
spondence with  the  queen,  1642 ;  said  to  have  caused  the 
royalist  defeat  at  Naseby  by  his  over-caution,  1646 ;  de- 
clared guilty  of  treason,  1646 ;  committed  to  the  Tower, 
166L  [xiii.  442] 

DALTELL  or  DALZELL,  Sir  ROBERT,  sixth 
Earl  of  Cahnwath  (d.  1737),  etlucated  at  Cambridge  ; 


uid  Tnifca :  c 

>'-""■ ■■•'■  M:  rmpprtntad — .--wi. 


'mAAwul  'Bnnw,'  17n,  'A^Mtm  'BUnnia  MIffa.l^' 
IBtM,'  tnulntad  fflmUo'i  'Tiblao  de  1b  Plabic  lie 
Troje,'  nfll,  and  wrote  ■  'Hiitorr  of  tbe  tTnlTerhlti  df 


BCEiDDOlfia;  Hwp«d  rrorii  thlBpnlUcm  of  CAptlvltj.  Itn, 
pubUlhed  In  Soglud  lltl  ■  Toj»^  roond  Ihe  WiIrM,"  IW. 

'   •  •■        Britain,  If— 


Ktat  Sb  after 
Uljnais  iTcRD  Itbiim,' 
DAITBT.  JAMBS 
ol  Fnncli  Donby  (q.  t,} 


SAXBT,  Bui  BOBERT  (d.  Uri  U  otalcMiu 
ooimoD  pleu :  RrjaDl4tl»w.  U13 ;  kings  a' 
ilMd  to  bsu'ti  or  commoD  pleu,  lUI^  chlff- 
«1-71 ;  knigblM.  c.  Usl.  (SappL  li. 

DASBT,  THOMAfl  {IHIII-  ,._ 

— '-  Dniiby  Iq.  i.l;  copied  p1j:Ut«  hi 

iSoolrtjf  ol  Ptincm  in  i 
SAXBT, 


Olnpel  Rojil,  tMO ;  gentle- 
...  ^.  .....  .^...^.v  Hvj«T  xflftfi;   GcanpOttd  DDmerooa 

«•.  [liU.  UU] 

DAns,  ANHKBBTHOUR<174e'ieiSXl 


daughEer 


il  (B«W7  SsTDHur)  Oonvty 


Baanharnaii,  and  Napoison; 

U  f or  ttw  Bdlabargh  ngMei  amcE ; 

Thams  and  Id*  lor  Henle;  Bridge, 

;  eiecutri*  and  miiilary  legatte  of  Hoitkb  WaljK*!, 

:  preeeslsl  Hapoleoii  with  ■  bnit  of  Poi,  and  Uie 

o[  TaoJOTE  vitL  a  brona  oait  of  htr  but  of  NriHHi. 

Ulll.  ««] 


(17»*-18M),  d 
B  TODDgor   [q.  T.j;   ngMjmr,  lailog- 

thor  of  ooBiedietta*  and  atrsngaDai.         [ill.  10] 
DAXOX,  QEOSQE,  tbe  dder  (170a-17»eX  anhltiM 
and  nrrnor  to  tbe  OOIponlkoi  of  London :  dHiaivd  tta 
Maulon  Hook,  ITH.  [iIt.  10] 

IIAHOB,  GBOROB,   the  }\  ^. 
ucti  WD  of  Owrge  Danoe  (I700-17g8)  [q 
njct,  nee-nii :  nbutU  Hergate,  1770 ; 
Hoqrital  and  the  front  ot  OoUdbaU :  P£.A.,  )ih  ;  p»' 
renor  of  arcbltwture  at  tbe  Bojtl  Ansdony,  17M~1B(K. 

SUtOE.  aHai  Lots,  JAUBS(iniS-n7«),a(iviliut 
xa  of  GaoiBS  Dance  tbe  elder  [q.  t.]  ;  adocaUd  at  Ha- 
-■— it  Tajlon'  School  and  St.  John's  Ooll^i^  OilWd; 


(1741-1  an),  utM- 
70 ;  bntit  St.  LnU> 


TloobeRter,180S-S;  biehopof  Bly,  U 
hia  collntion  of  booki  and  piinta. 

DAHPIEIt,  WILLIAM  (t»M-17U),  p 
)1.N..  and  li^rotfrAptwr ;  bbt'— ~-  ■ -  — 

pirate  Wp,  1081 ;  boated  DuUab  ebip  at  8ii 


"  SAUCE,  8 

Ely :     under  tbe  Kait  India  Conipauy 

D  of  I  ttBj't  homeward- bound  Beet, 


It  lod^  O 


knighted,  1804. 

OAXOS,  ^ 


BANOEB 


817 


BANTEBIX. 


HMMQWH,  DANIEL  (1716-17MX  miser:  kCI  aO  hit 
*9ahh  to  widow  of  Sir  Henry  Ttemporti  who  naieed  him 
iBhiilMli]lBeia,17M.  Czi^-U] 


JOHN  (/.  167S),tr»iisUtoru>ddrBmatlet ; 
pc«t»blj  si  one  time  in  the  Doke  of  Ormonde's  serrioe : 
tyiwtaitwl,  among  other  works,  Oomeille*s  *Nioomede,* 
1«71,  QofaiMilt's  *Agrippa,'  167S,  and  TaflK>*s  *Aminta,' 
l€iO,  tke  fizvi  two  in  rhyming  ooapleta.  [ziv.  18] 


,  THOMAS  (1756 7-1810X  botanist;  physi- 

<:ian  tothe  Bath  waters,  1784 :  M.D. ;  resigned  his  podtioa 
aa  ^isiaad  botanist '  in  Jamaica,  the  proposals  of  his  *  Ob- 
III I  litiiM  respecting  the  Botanic  Garden*  not  being 
adopted  ^  the  Hoose  of  Assembly,  1804.  Cxiv>  18] 


iMi: 
ifit; 


,    HENRY  (1680  7-1680?),  landaoape- 

line-engraTer :  bom  at  tbe  Hagne ;  painted 

and  Tiews  of  the  rcqral  palaoes  for  (Jharles  II ; 

panl^1mg  in  the  hoose  of  Fepys,  the  diarist, 

Bngland  in  oonseqnenoe  of  the  *  popish  plot,' 

tm.  portniti  of  (Shades  n  and  of  some  Dutch 

CzlT.  14] 


ITS,  JOHN  (A  1660X  painter ;  brother  of 
[<!•  "^'1 :  dean  of  the  gnild  of  St.  Lake 
aft  the  Hi«Qe,  1650-S :  painted  historical  subjects. 

[xiv.  14] 
BARTHOLOMEW  (JL  1780),  portralt- 

[xlv.  15] 

JAMES  a821-1881X  Roman  oatboUc  bishop 
:  oanoa  of  Soathwark,  1857 ;  rlcar^general 
186S :  D.D. ;  bishop,  1871.  [xIt.  15] 

MKBTT,  THOMAS  (JL  1566-1601),  translator  of 
Pt  Onmniimre's  *  Histories*  1601,  and  part  of  Oalociaidini, 
UNL  [zlT.  15] 

SmOSTH,  THOMAS  (16n-1699X  magistrate  In 
Xew  tegland;  taken  to  America  by  his  father,  1684 ; 
depoty-fovemor  of  MaasachnsettB,  1679-86  :  president  of 
Xain^  1681-6 ;  jodge  of  the  superior  ooort  of  Massa- 
eboMtta;  a  aealoos  supporter  of  the  old  charter  of  Msssa- 
dOMtto ;  tUMiiiffi  and  benefactor  of  Harraid  College. 
[xiv.  15] 

UMOSBnSLB,  THOMAS  (1660  7-1685X  false  wit- 
Ma;  rambled  over  Europe:  coiner  in  England ;  escaped 
from  prisoD  and  was  outlawed,  1675 ;  befriosded  by  Mrs. 
fijabeth  Gellier  [q.  t.]  ,  *tbe  popish  midwife,*  1679  ;  re- 
*Mled  an  apocryphal  plot  of  the  Duke  of  Monmouth  to 
CIttlBS  n,  1679 ;  appeared  against  Mrs.  Eliabeth  Cidlier, 
ino ;  iiq>ported  Oates  as  seoood  witness  against  the  Earl  of 
fiwrlwnainft,  but  was  discredited,  1680;  aoonaed  the  Duke 
flflork  and  others  of  being  privy  to  the  Sham  Plot 
bitee  the  Hoose  of  Oomnxms,  1680:  personated  the  Duke 
flf  Monmooth  and  claimed  miraculous  gifts  of  healing, 
Utt;  oooTicted  of  perjury,  1685;  died  from  a  blow  in- 
fietsd  by  one  Robert  Frances,  1686.  [xiv.  16] 

BAVICAH,  FRANgOIS  ANDR^  (1736-1795).  [S«e 
Pkiudob.] 


«,  SAnrr,  more  correctly  DsnrioL  (d.  584  ?X 
t)iihop  of  BKUgor ;  foonded  numerous  churches  in  Wales 
iDd  an  abbey  at  Bangor;  bard,  and  one  of  the  ^seren 
bappy  cousins.*  [xiv.  IH] 


or  according  to  Bseda  Danibel.  (d.  745  X 
tMkop  of  the  West-Saxons :  made  Winchester  his  episcopal 
■e,  705:  literary  coadjutor  of  Bnda  and  correspondent 
tf  St.  Boniface.  [xiv.  19] 

BAHIZL  A  JI817  (1572-1649).    [See  Floyd,  John.] 


ALEXANDER  (1699-1668X  diarist:  bom 
*t  Mkldkbuxg.  Wakheren ;  entered  Lincoln  CoUeg^  Ox- 
ted,  1617  :  kft  in  manuscript  a  *  Brief  Chronologicalle  of 
Letters  and  Plapen  of  and  for  Mine  Own  Family,  1617- 
16(8,*  and  "  MeditaUoos.'  [xiv.  80] 

DASZEL,  EDWARD  (d.  1657X  Roman  cathoUc  di- 
Ttee ;  entered  the  English  college  at  Dooay,  1618 :  student 
sad,  in  1640,  DJ>.  of  Don  Pedro  Oontinho's  recently 
fonnded  college  at  Lisbon :  presidoit  of  the  college,  164S- 
1648 ;  regent  of  the  Dooay  oolloge,  1651 :  dean  of  the 
dieter  in  England,  1658 :  author  of  *  Medltotions,*  1649. 
[xiv.  21] 

BJUnSL,  OBOROE,  of  Bebwick  (1616-1657X  cavalier 
poet:  wrote  a  panegyric  *To  the  Memorie  of  the  best 
OninaUcke  English  Poet,  Ben  Jonson,'  1688 ;  author  of 
'Trimrofaodia,*  1649,  *ldyllia,*  1650,  and  *  Scattered 
rauc>«,*  1646.  [xiv.  21] 


BAHZBL,  OEOROE  (1789-1864X  mlsoenanswii  writer 
and  book-ooUeotor;  engaged  through  life  in  bnilncss: 
poUished  In  early  life  squibs  on  nqral  scandals,  some  of 
whioh  were  suppressed ;  satirised  contemporary  poetasters 
in  'The  Modem  Dunoiad,'  1814  ;  friend  of  (diaries  Lamb 
and  Robert  Bloomfldd ;  edited  John  Cumberland*s  '  Bri- 
tish Theatre,*  1828-81,  and  Davison's  *  Actable  Drama*; 
wrote  two  farces  for  Drory  Lane  Theatre,  and  humorous 
and  religious  poems.  At  his  reaidenoe,  18  Oanonbury 
Square,  London,  he  brought  together  a  splendid  collection 
of  Elixabethan  books,  black-letter  ballads,  and  theatrical 
curiosities,  whioh  were  dispersed  at  his  death,  [xiv.  23] 

DANIEL,  HENRT  (/.  1379X  Dominican  friar ;  left 
manuscripts  of  medical  and  natural  science,     [xiv.  24] 

DANIEL,   JOHN   (/.    1625X   musician ;  brother  of 
Samuel  Daniel  [q.  v.] :  Mus.  Bac  Christ  Church,  Oxford, 
1604 ;  inspector  of  the  children  of  the  queen*s  reveU,  1618 ; 
published  *Soogs  for  the  Lute,  Viol,  and  Voice,*  1606. 
[xiT.  85] 

DANIEL,  JOHN  (1745-1828X  Ust  presklent  of  the 
EngUsh  college,  Douay;  president,  1792;  Imprisoned  at 
Arras  and  Doorlens,  1792 ;  permitted  to  return  to  Eng- 
land, 1795 ;  founded  Ushaw  OoUege,  1795.         [xiv.  24] 

DANIEL,  NEHEMIAS  (d,  1609  ?X    [See  Dovillak.] 

DANIEL,  ROBERT  MACKENZIE  (1814-1847X 
novelist:  educated  at  Marisohal  College,  Aberdeen,  and 
Edinburgh  University  ;  editor  of  the  *  Court  Journal,*  and 
of  the  *  Seney  Herald,*  1845-6 :  author  of  society  novels. 

[xiv.  25] 

DANIEL,  SAMUEL  (1562-1619X  poet;  entered  Mag- 
dalen Hall,  Oxford,  1579;    tutor  to  William   Herbert, 
third  earl  of  Pembroke;  published  *IMia,'  oollection  of 
sonnets,  1592,*  The  Complaynt  of  Rosamond,*  narrative 
poem,  1592,  and  'Cleopatra,*  a  tragedy  in  the  style  of 
Seneca,  1594 ;  advised  by  Spenser,  who  admired  his  love 
,  poems,  to  attempt  tragedy,  1595 ;  published  '  Musophilus, 
:  or  A  (General  Defence  of  Learning,*  a  poem  of  great 
I  beauty,  1599:  maintained,  against  Campion,  the  fitness 
I  of  the  English  language  for  rhyme,  1602;  produced  a 
'  tragedy  on  the  story  of  Philotas,  which  he  had  to  defend 
'  agidnst  the  charge  of  covertly  apoloeising  for  Essex's  re- 
bellion, 1605:  issued  a  new  edition  of  his  ' Civill  Wanes* 
(of  York  and  LancasterX  extended  to  dgbt  books,  1609 ; 
issued  a  history  of  England  in  prose,  1612-17 ;  composed 
numerous  masques  for  court  festivities,  including  *  Tethys 
Festival,*  1610,  and  *  Hymen's  Triumph,*  1615 ;  inspector 
of  the  children  of  the  queen*fl  reveUi,  1615-18.    His  poems 
were  sharply  criticised  by  Ben  Jonson,  with  whom  he  was 
*  at  jealouries,*  but  praised  for  their  *  sweetness  of  ryming  * 
by  Drummonil  of  Hawthomden,  and  for  their  purity  of 
language  by  Sir  John  Harington.  [xiv.  25] 

I       DANIEL,  THOMAS  (1720-1779).    [See  West.] 

I  DANIEL  or  O'DOMUNUILL,  WILLIAM  (d.  1628X 
I  archbishop  of  Tuam ;  fellow  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin, 
1593 :  M  JL,  1595 ;  D.D.,  1602 ;  translated  the  New  TesU- 
ment  into  Irish,  1602 ;  translated  the  Book  of  Common 
Prayer  into  Irish,  1608 ;  archbishop  of  Tuam,  1609 :  privy 
oounoillor  of  Ireland,  1611;  repaired  Tuam  Cathedral, 
1612.  [xiv.  31] 

DANIEL,  WILLIAM  BARKER  (1753?-1888X  sport- 
ing writer:  M.A.  ChrisVs  College,  Cambridge,  1790; 
took  orders :  published  *  Rural  Sports,'  1801.     [xiv.  82] 

DANULL,  EDWARD  THOMAS  (1804-1848XarchiEO- 
logist ;  took  orders  :  died  at  Adalla  in  Syria  while  searching 
for  antiquities  in  Asia  Minor  with  Edward  Forbes  [q.  v.] ; 
sketohes  by  him  preserved  in  British  Museum. 

[xlx.  389] 

DANIELL,  JOHN  FREDERIC  (1790-1845X  phy- 
sicist ;  F.R.S.,  1818:  invented  Daniell's  hygrometer,  1890 : 
published '  Meteorological  Essays,'  1823 ;  constructed  water 
barometer  for  Royal  Society,  1830 :  professor  of  chemistry. 
King's  CoUege,  London,  1831-45  Invented  Daniell's  con- 
stant batteiy;  Copley  medallist,  1836:  member  of  ad- 
miralty oommission  on  best  way  of  protecting  ships  from 
lightning,  1888 ;  honorary  D.C.L.  Oxford,  1842.  [xiv.  88] 


DANIELL,  SAMUEL  (1775-181 IX  artist  and  tra- 
veler :  secretary  and  draughtsman  on  a  mission  for  ex- 
ploring Bechuanaland,  1801 :  died  in  Ceylon ;  exhibited 
undsoapes  at  the  Society  of  Artiste  and  the  Royal  Aca- 
demy :  author  of  books  of  travel.  [xiv.  33] 


BANIEIili 


318 


DAROY 


DANIELL,  THOMAS  (1749-1840X  landfloape-painter : 
went  to  IiKlia  with  hiB  nephew,  William  Daniell  [q.  v.], 
1784 :  R.A.,  1799 ;  F Jl^.,  F.R.A^,  and  F^JL :  pabliBhed 
books  of  views,  inclading  '  Oriental  Scenery/  1^C)8, '  Views 
in  Egypt,'  and  *  A  Pioturesqae  Voyage  to  Ohina.' 

[xiv.  34] 

DANIELL,  WILLIAM  0769-1837X  iandaoape- 
painter :  visited  India,  1784  :  returned  to  England,  1794 ; 
R.A.,  18SS;  exhibited  Indian  and  British  views,  1795- 
1837 ;  author,  among  other  works,  of  *  2iOography  *  fwith 
William  Woodi  and  a  *  Pioturesqae  Yayage  to  India/ 

[xiv.  34] 

DANIELL,  WILLIAM  FREEMAN  (1818-1866X 
botanist ;  MJ1.0.S.,  1841 ;  M.D. ;  ascdstant-surgeon  to 
army  on  coast  of  West  Africa,  where  he  made  a  study  of 
the  foinkinoense  tree :  published  *  Medical  Topography  and 
Native  Diseases  of  the  Gulf  of  Guinea,'  1849  ;  Fhrjfnium 
Danielli  and  Danidlia  named  after  him.  [xiv.  36] 

DANNSLEY,  JOHN  FELTHAM  (1786-1834  ?X 
musician ;  teacher  of  music  at  Ipswich,  1813 ;  organist  at 
St.  Mary-of>the-Tower,  Ipswich ;  best  known  work,  *  An 
Encyclopffidia  or  Dictionary  of  Music,*  18S5.      [xiv.  36] 

DAN8EY,  WILLIAM  (1798-1866X  canon  of  Salisbury ; 
Stapledon  scholar,  Exeter  College  Oxford,  1811 :  M.A., 
1817  :  Med.  Bac.,  1818 ;  prebendary  of  Salisbury,  1841-66 ; 
translated  *  Arrian  on  Coursing,'  1831,  and  Mrrote  *  Horse 
DecanicsB  Rurales,'  1836.  [xiv.  36] 

DANSON,  THOMAS  (ji.  1694X  nonconformist  divine ; 
chaplain  of  Clorpns  Ohristi  College,  Oxford,  1648 ;  B.A. 
and  fellow  of  Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  1649 ;  M.A. : 
minister  at  Sandwich,  Kent ;  ejected,  1660 ;  ejected  from 
the  living  of  Sibton,  Suffolk,  166S ;  wrote'' largely  against 
the  quaters  and  in  defence  of  predestination,    [xiv.  36] 

DANYEB8,  Sib  CHARLES  (1668?-1601X  soldier; 
knighted  by  Lord  Willoughby  in  the  Netherlands,  1688 ; 
M.A.  Oxford,  1690;  outlawed  with  his  brother,  Henry 
Danvers,  earl  of  Danby  [q.  v.],  who  had  killed  one  Henry 
Long  in  a  duel ;  fled  to  France ;  pardoned,  1698 :  oolong 
under  Essex  in  Ireland,  1699 ;  beheaded  for  complicity  in 
Essex's  rebdlion,  1601,  in  which  be  was  probably  induced 
to  engage  through  his  intimacy  with  Henry  Wriothesley, 
earl  of  Southampton.  [xiv.  36] 

DANYEBS,  HENRY,  Earl  of  Danbt  (1673-1644X 
statesman ;  accompanied  Sir  Philip  Sidi^y  to  the  Low 
Countries  as  his  page ;  commanded  under  Maurice,  count 
of  Nassau,  1691 ;  killed  one  Henry  Long,  who  had  chal- 
lenged his  brother.  Sir  Charles  Dsmvers  [q.  v.],  in  a  duel, 
or,  aooording  to  another  account,  without  provocation, 
1694 ;  escaped  to  France  with  his  brother ;  pardoned,  1598 ; 
sergeant-major-general  of  the  army  in  Ireland,  160S; 
created  Baron  Elvers  of  Dauntsey,  Wiltshire,  1603  ;  lord 
president  of  Munster,  1607-16  ;  governor  of  Guernsey, 
1621-44 :  created  Earl  of  Danby,  1626 ;  privy  councillor, 
1628 ;  K.G.,  1633 ;  commissioner  of  the  regency,  1641 ;  esta- 
blished the  Botanic  Gardens  at  Oxford  in  1622.  [xiv.  37] 

DANYEBS,  HENRY  (<f.  1687),  anabaptist  and  poU- 
tioian ;  colonel  in  the  parliament  army  and  governor  of 
Stafford:  placed  undeo*  arrest  for  supposed  conspiracy 
against  Cromwell's  life,  1667 ;  published  a  seditious  libel 
about  the  death  of  the  Earl  of  Essex,  1684  :  undertook  to 
raise  London  in  favour  of  Monmouth,  but  deserted  his 
leader,  1686  ;  died  at  Utrecht ;  author  of  *Theopolis,*  1678, 
and  some  other  treatises  of  anabaptist  theology. 

[xiv.  39] 

DAKVER8,  Sir  JOHN  (1688?-1666X  regicide; 
brother  of  Sir  Charles  Danvers  [q.  V.]  ;  laid  out  Italian 
garden  at  Chelsea ;  knighted  by  James  I ;  M.P.  for  Oxford 
University,  16S6, 1686, 1688,  and  1639 ;  colonel  in  the  par- 
liament army,  1642 ;  M.P.,  Malmesbury,  1646 ;  signed 
death-warrant  of  Charles  1, 1649 ;  member  of  the  council 
of  state,  1649-63.  [xiv.  40] 

DANYESS,  aliM  Villiers,  aliau  Wright,  ROBERT, 
called  ViaoouNT  Purbsck  (1681 7-1674X  Fifth-monarchy 
man:  natural  son  of  Frances,  daughter  of  Sir  Edward 
Coke,  and  wife  of  Sir  John  Villiers,  viscount  Purbeck ; 
married  Elizabetb,  daughter  of  Sir  John  Danvers  [q.  v.], 
assuming  her  surname;  M.P.  for  Westbury,  Wiltshire,  ' 
1669 ;  expelled  from  the  House  of  Commons  for  delin- 
quency, 1669 ;  MJ?.  for  Malmesbury,  1660 ;  imprisoned  for 
the  expression  of  republican  princii^ee,  1660 ;  surrendered 
his  title  of  visoonnt,  1660;  became  a  Fifth-monarchy 
man ;  died  an  exile  in  Fnmoe.  [xiv.  41] 


D*AEBLAY,  FRANCES  (1763-1840).  [See  Abbi^t, 
Francbs  (BurnkyX  Maoamk  d'.] 

DABBY,  ABRAHAM  (1677-1717)MroD  manafactanr : 
founded  the  Baptist  MUls  Brass  Works  at  Bristol: 
patented  a  method  of  casting  iron-ware  in  sand,  170B ; 
dissolved  connection  with  the  Baptist  Mills,  1709,  anil 
leased  furnace  at  Coalbrookdale,  Shropshire,     [xiv.  41] 

DABBY,  ABRAHAM  (1711-1763X  manager  of  iitn- 
works;  son  of  Abraham  Darby  (1677-1717)  [q.  t.]; 
devised,  when  manager  of  tiie  Coalbrookdale  IronworlB, 
a  method  of  smelting  iron  ore  by  the  use  of  coke. 

[xir.iJ] 

DABBY,  ABRAHAM  (1760-1791%  manager  ol  inm- 
works;  son  of  Abraham  Darby  (1711-1763)  [q.  t.]; 
manager  of  the  Coalbrookdale  Ironworks;  bailt  acnMS 
the  Severn  at  Coalbrookdale  the  first  iron  bridge  ever  cod> 
structed  (opened,  1779).  [xIt.  43] 

DABBY,  GEORGE  (d.  1790),  vioe-adminl ;  Uentenaaft 
in  the  navy,  1748 ;  served  at  reduction  of  MartiniaaB, 
1761;  vice-admiral,  1779;  commander-in-^def,  1780; 
admiralty  lord,  1780;  relieved  Gibraltar,  1781;  rear- 
adinh:al  of  Great  Britain,  1 781.  [xiv.  43] 

DABBY,  JOHN  NELSON  (180a-1888X  Plymootb 
brother  and  founder  of  the  Darbyites ;  educated  at  West* 
minster ;  B.A.  Trinity  College,  DubUn,  1819 ;  zeaigMd 
curacy  and  joined  PlymouUi  brethren,  1887 ;  foanded  tbe 
Darbyites,  or  exclusive  party  among  the  Plymootii 
brethren,  1847 ;  visited  Canada,  Germany,  New  ^-f  liiail; 
the  West  Indies,  France,  and  the  United  States ;  pnblWiri 
devotional  and  controversial  works.  [idv.  4S] 

DABBYBHIBE,  THOMAS  (1618-1604),  jesoit;  BJL 
Broedgates  HaU  (Pembroke  CoUegeX  Oxford,  1644 ;  D.OIi, 
1666 ;  prebendary  of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  1643 ;  f^^w^^ 
of  the  diocese  of  London ;  dn>rived  of  nnmflroas  liTiu^  at 
the  accession  of  Elizabeth ;  obtained  decree  from  ooaneilof 
Trent  against  temporising  with  the  proteetants ;  beosme 
a  Jesuit  at  Rome,  1663 ;  sent  on  a  missicm  to  Soottani; 
professed  father  of  the  Society  of  Jesoa,  1678 ;  died  at 
Pont-^Mounon  in  Lorraine.  [idv.  41] 

DABOY  or  DABCIE,  ABRAHAM  (/.  1686),  antbor ; 
native  of  Geneva ;  his  works  inolode  *  The  BoDOor  of 
Indies,*  a  prose  treatise,  1688.  [xiv.  46] 

DABOY,  JOHN  (d.  1347),  baron ;  sheriff  of  Notti]«- 
ham,  Derby,  and  Yorkshire;  lord  justioe  of  Iidaod; 
fought  in  SooUand,  1333,  in  France,  1846,  huA  in  Flandan; 
ambassador  to  Scotland  and  France,  1387.         [idv.  46] 

DABOY,  PATRICK  (1698-1668),  Irish  poUtidaa; 
member  of  the  House  of  Commons  in  the  Dublin  pariia* 
ment,  1640 ;  member  of  Uie  supreme  council  oi  ccn- 
federated  catholics  at  Kilkenny  during  the  revolt,  1641 ; 
maintained  exclusive  right  of  Irish  parliament  to  kgidaite 
for  Ireland,  1641.  [xiv.  46] 

FABOY,  PATRICK,  Count  (1786-1779),  martehal- 
de-camp  in  the  French  army ;  studied  mathymi^tioa  in 
France ;  captured  by  the  EngUsh  while  on  eaqyedition  to 
assist  Prince  Charles  Edward,  1746;  treated  as  French 
prisoner  of  war  ;  captain  under  Cond^  1749 ;  fought  as 
colonel  at  Rosbach,  1767 :  marechal-de-camp,  1770 ;  wrote 
against  Maupertuis's  *■  principle  of  least  action,*  1760,  aal 
on  artillery,  1760.  [xIt.  46] 

D'ABOY,  ROBERT,  fourth  Earl  of  Holdcbkbm 
(1718-1778),  diplomatist ;  educated  at  Westminster  and 
Trinity  Hall,  Cambridge ;  lord-lieutenant  of  the  North 
Riding  of  Yorkshire,  1740 ;  ambassador  to  Venice,  1744-6; 
minister  plenipotentiary  at  the  Hague,  1749-61 ;  secretary 
of  state,  1761-61 ;  privy  councillor,  1761 ;  rft«miMiMt  far 
party  reasons,  1761.  [xiv.  47] 

DABOY,  THOMAS,  Baron  Darct  (14e7-1637X 
statesman  and  rebel  leader ;  served  in  the  army  of 
Henry  VII,  1498;  pursued  James  IV  on  his  relnrt 
into  Scotland,  1497 ;  captain  of  Berwick,  1498 :  '^imirtiHf 
and  marshal  of  England  to  punish  Perkin  Warbe(±^ 
following,  1600 :  warden  of  the  east  marches,  1606 ;  named 
Baron  Darcy,  1506 ;  E.G.,  1509  ;  volunteered  to  aid  Ferdi- 
nand of  Spain  against  the  Moors,  but  returned  to  it"y^*"«f 
as  his  eer vices  were  not  wanted,  1611 ;  raided  Soofetirii 
borders,  1623 ;  at  first  approved,  but  subsequently,  1633, 
opposed  Henry  VIlI's  divorce  from  Catherine  of  Arngoo  ; 
began  to  intrigue  with  Chapuys,  the  imperial  ambMsadflr, 
1634 ;  surrendered  Pomfret  (Tastle  to  the  insoigenti  of 
the  Pilgrimage  of  Grace,  ostensibly  of  neosHilif,  IMS; 


(od->  nbdilim,  II 
lobvt  AO*.   It. 

ur. 

J.  vDoaXLL. 

mnbd  taiAir, 
rU  fof  lbs  nap 

WILLIAM   {d 

rmioD  of  sir 

niKBUI,  Bm  JOHN,  tba  tUer  (iLlTW),  Uwjv; 
rnrk  lo  the  puUudBit  durli«  OUnr  CnmnUW  Fn>- 
aitmlit:  Ulw'iKtjaul,l«»S;  knighted, ItM. 


it»»wtT.7r,  Bm   JOHN,  1 


T.«l 


A  Of  •  Luldii  tiKti»  OS  Uu  KeoUs 

Ur,  WTLLIA.H(I7M-lM7Xtri>bnl1m7un-  I 
HlrtKital  the  Dlalis  oaiu]  Bad  Ibe  rhM  U'-^ 


'Jotm  DundLlA  IlUt)  [q.  t.]  : 
jbtKl,  1714:  mlHd  th&t  OeDTge  I 
itodj  ot  hiM  grudelilldreD  equkUj 
.,111..  [iLi.Ml 

OBORdB   (ITW-IHT).  a 

.  THOUAS  (d,  IMO  T),  petrtM :  c 
■  -    tuTir-— ^— ■ 


■DbMiUia 


DAKKKLL, 

r  .rpoi  Ohriitl  OoUfgr.  Old 


irr.  JOHN  RIOHiRD  I 

Hlpbic,   and  AnUgb  ;    !__.,.     ._ 

97:  t>J>^lfi7t:  baut-OASter  n!  tb«  m 
Dnndtlk,  193«,  uuj  ol  lie  mrnl  lobuol  i 
831:  Ueliap.  1874^  padUibEd  'Tbf  ' 
MOfjuut  'Homer,'  1B18.  [tl 

txa,    BiR    CHARLES   HBKItY   (IIW 


1M7,  of  Cepe  ajonj.  IB 
:  eeptalfl-gflient  dT  Jbe 
s,  ItKJ :  ££.&,  IMt :  r 


na,  QBOBOG  (17MT-l«et).phT*ldin: 
BdlnboTKh :  L.ILC J>. :  pnbUabel  soanniu 
■  —  "-J'--'  ---nomr,"  IBLL  [ii>.  1 


DfO,  JAMES  (173T-  laGJ), 
DDdedHHropDUtui  LIbntT,  1839  ;  broo^htoLiI 
am  'Orcl<^>BlU  BlbUognpblcm,'  1U«,  1MB. 
_  [ilT.  SB} 

rHB,BiBRALPH(177»-lBMX(reiier»l;  ■ 

■■Ine  negn   bnarmtlini  In  OnmitdH. 


4-lBM). 


BtHi.  Of  (lUf-1H7).     [Bee  SmriBT, 

9AXBAO0TT,  ItSDOK  (1T17-irt«),  iDdepFDdeat 
Ti-nitier:  putor  at  rmiucia,  17as-3 ;  et  WelUngUa, 
-imenet.  1741-tB:  pDbliabed  ■  Bcrlstore  Muki  of  Bilim- 
..o.'I7MorI7l«.  [iLt.m] 

DAXXEL,    JOHN    (JL    IHt-lHS).  eicin:Ut;   B.A. 

irjpottenet  1008:  ImpriiHmBd  bj  ao  epinopel  cnrninto* 
noD,  IWB.  [llT.tT] 

nA»»gT.T,i  THOUAS  (*.  ia»%  Romui  cstlxdlo 
lliiua ;  cdncated  at  Nev  Oidlege,  Oiloid :  DJ>.  DooaJ, 
liri :  ebiplain  to  a  Tnncb  bliboih  [lir.  17] 

SAXXELL,  WILLIAK  (1811-1711).  ieaalt,  leTI ; 
;>racantor  of  tbe  proTlno)  in  Fans,  16ENt  and  1711: 

_  _. .  . LU^:  reolor  ot  tbe  cOOeft, 

V[[idl«tlai  or  Bt.  iRBHEIn 
ITAyola)  rnm  Fbaoatlclim,'  1688.  and  a  treatise  'Ot 
ilie  Real  Pramce,-  IT»1.  [ilv.  SB] 

SAXT,  JOHK(ij.l7!0>,Hitlqiury:ciintf  or  Tatrlfr. 
Barapehln.  VK-M:  author  c(  'HiEtoir  and  Aotlqul- 

.  .L_  n_.L_j_.  ™. ijf  Oanlerbuij,-  irs*.  and 

■  1711).  [tlv.  68) 

SAXT,  JOSEPH  HENBY  (1817-1897),  «»i>cjiui¥t: 
Collr^e.  Oxford.  1841  ;    Kewdlgate  pr1i«- 

■     *     '  ■■'■■  <WDTCflllldlW 

-„- __..  M;  publiiui 

al  tbe  Law  rdatliig  to  Seal  Estate.'  IWI. 
t.!f.M- 
ifX  ei^c 


[dT.  70] 
{IS0B-19n>,  DJ 

itq-'-:.    ■     ■ 

Bdlnburgti  UniTenltr,  aad  OhlM'i  Oi 


DARWIN 


320 


D'AUVERGNE 


Oambridge:  embarked  as  naturaliBt,  by  invitation  of 
Oaptain  Fitz  Roy,  on  board  the  Beagle,  bound  for  South 
America  on  a  scientiflo  expedition,  1831 :  worked  at  South 
American  geology :  returned  to  England,  1886 ;  published 

*  Zoology  of  the  Voyage  of  the  Beagle,'  1840 ;  secretary  to 
the  Geographical  Society,  1888-41;  wrote  "The  Volcanic 
Islands,'  1844,  and  other  works  in  retirement  necessitated 
by  ill-health:  first  gave  definite  written  shape  to  his 
theory  of  evolution  by  natural  selection,  1844 ;  induced  by 
his  friend  Lyell,  the  geologist,  to  write  out  the  results  of 
his  experiments,  1856 ;  received  a  manuscript  from  the 
naturalist,  A.  R.  Wallace,  containing  a  theory  of  the  origin 
of  species  identical  with  his  own,  1858 ;  published 
Wallace's  essay  and  a  letter  of  his  own,  addressed  to  Dr. 
Asa  Gray,  in  1857,  oontainhig  a  sketch  of  his  theory ;  pro- 
duced 'Origin  of  Species,*  1859;  developed  theory  of 
Pangenesis  in  hi"*  'Variation  of  Animals  and  Plantt> 
under  Domestication,*  1868 :  published  '  The  Descent  of 
Man,*  1871,  and  *The  Expression  of  the  Emoticms  in 
Man  and  Animals,*  187S;  elaborated  a  paper  which  he 
had  read  before  the  (Geological  Society  in  1838  into  a  book 
on  the  'Formation  of  Vegetable  Mould  through  the 
action  of  Worms,'  1881.  In  the  domain  of  botany  be 
resuscitated  Sprengel's  theory  of  the  fertiUsaticm  of  plants 
in  his  'Fertilisation  of  Orchids,*  1868  (supplemented 
by  his  '  Effects  of  Gross  and  Self  Fertilisation,*  1876),  and 
published  'The  Movements  and  Habits  of  Olimbing 
Plants,'  1864, '  Different  Forms  of  Flowen  *  (the  latter 
being  an  investigation  of  heterostyled  plants),  1877, 
'  Inoeotivorous  Plants,'  1876,  and '  The  Pov^'er  of  Move- 
ment in  Plants,'  in  which  was  formulated  his  theor>'  of 
circumnutation,  1880.  In  1879  he  wrote  a  biography  of 
Erasmus  Darwin  for  Dr.  E.  Krause's '  Esiiay.'    [xiv.  73] 

OARWnr,  ERASMUS  (1731-1802),  physician :  Exeter 
scholar,  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge :  B.A.,  1754 ;  M.B., 
1765;  corresponded  with  Rousseau;  established  a  dis- 
pensary at  Lichfield  and  founded  the  Philosophical 
Society  at  Derby,  1784 :  declined  invitation  of  George  in 
to  become  his  physician :  formed  botanical  garden  near 
Lichfield,  1778;  published  'The  Loves  of  the  Plants,' 
1789,  and  the  *  Economy  of  Vegetation,'  1798,  both  form- 
ing parts  of  his  poetic  work,  *  Botanic  Garden,*  and  wrote 

*  The  Temple  of  Nature,  or  the  Origin  of  Society  *  (pub- 
lished, 1803).  He  was  also  the  author  of  a  few  prose 
works,  maintaining  a  form  of  evolutionism  which  was 
subsequently  expounded  by  Lamarck.  [xiv.  84] 

OABEHT,  Sir  GEORGE  WBBBE  (1817-1896),  Scun- 
dinaviau  scholar;  bom  In  St  Vincent;  educated  ut 
Westminster  and  Magdalen  Hall,  Oxford:  M.A..  1843: 
D.O.L.,  1852 :  secretary  to  Sir  Thomas  Oartwright  [q.  v.] : 
British  envoy  at  Stockholm,  1840-6:  studied  Scandina- 
vian literature  and  mythology  :  assistant  editor  of  the 
'  Times,'  1845-70 ;  called  to  bar  at  .Middle  Temple.  1858: 
profeffior  of  English  literature  and  modern  history  nt 
King's  College,  London,  1858  ;  civU  service  commissioner. 
1870-98:  knighted,  1876;  commissioner  of  historical 
manuscripts,  1870.  He  publishal  many  translations  from 
Norse,  including  *  Popular  Tiiles  from  Norse,'  1869,  tbo 

*  Story  of  Burnt  Njal,'  1861.  and  'The  Story  of  Oisli  tht" 
Outlaw,*  1866,  besides  various  essays  and  other  writings. 

[Snppl.  ii.  Ill] 
DABHWOOD,  FRANCIS,  Bakon  lv.  Dkspknckii 
(1708-1781),  chancellor  of  the  exchequer:  son  of  Sir 
Francis  Dash  wood,  baronet,  whom  he  i>nc-ceeded,  1734  : 
lived  riotous  life  on  continent:  entered  household  of 
Frederick  Lewis,  prince  of  Wales;  leading  member  of 
Dilettanti  Society,  1736,  and  was  arch-master,  1746 : 
M.P.  for  New  Romney,  1741,  1747,  and  1754,  and  for 
Weymouth  and  Melcombe  Regis,  1761  and  1768:  F.R.S., 
1746:  D.C.L.  Oxford,  1749;  founded  *HeU-fire  Club,' or 
society  of  the  monks  of  Medmenham  Abbey,  c  1755  :  first 
<«l0Del  of  Buckinghamshire  mHitia,  1767 :  chancellor  of 
exchequer,  1762-8 ;  keeper  of  wardrobe,  1763 :  succeeded, 
as  fifteenth  Baron  Le  Despenoer,  his  uncle,  John  Fane, 
seventh  earl  of  Westmorland  and  fourteenth  baron  Le 
Despencer,  1768 ;  joint  postmaster-general,  1770-81. 

[Suppl.  IL  113] 
DABHWOOD,  GEORGE  HENRY  (1801-1869X  anti- 
quary ;    M.A.    Lincoln  0>llege,   Oxfoi^   1885 ;    F.S.A., 
1844:    vicar  of  Stow  Bardolph,    1852;    wrote  on    the 
archaeology  and  antiquities  of  Norfolk.  [xiv.  87] 

DAB8IZB,  JAMES  ANTHONY  (1715-1759),  medal- 
list :  son  of  John  Dassier  [q.  v.] ;  appointed  assistant- 
engraver  to  the  English  mint,  1741 ;  worked  on  the  coin- 


age of  Elizabeth  of  Russia,  c  1756 ;  ftruck  medals  of  Pope 
Olement  XII  and  the  most  diitingnished  Englishmen  oC 
the  time.  [zIt.  S7] 

DABBIBB,  JOHN  (1676-1763),  medallist:  bom  at 
Geneva ;  employed  at  the  Geneva  mint ;  mgmher  of  tbc 
Geneva  council  of  Two  Hundred,  1788 :  israed  nomeroiB 
sets  of  medals,  including  a  series  of  oeldinted  men  of  the 
age  of  Louis  XIV,  1780,  and  a  series  of  BngUab  aonsreifm 
(William  I  to  George  II),  1731.  [rtr.  88] 

D'ABBIQinr,  MARIUS  (1 648-1 717X  author  and 
translator:  B.D.  Cambridge,  1668;  translated  Drelin- 
court's  *  Christian's  Defence,'  1701,  and  Herre  Gma/bradtt't 

*  Histoire  PoStiquc,'  adding  two  appendices  ot  his  own  on 
Roman  curiosities  and  Egyptian  hieroglyphics  rnpeo- 
Uvely,  1671  :  published  also  theological  worlosw 

[xiv.  89} 
DABTIK.  DABTYK.  or  DAUBTIV,  JOHN  {/L  1830), 
alchemist ;  correspondent  of  Pope  John  WIT  and  Ou- 
dinal  Adrian  of  Naples :  left  in  manuscript  a  *  Rossrlam' 
and  a  'Visio  super  Artem  Alchemioam.'         [xiv.  89} 

DATJBEVSY,  GILES,  first  Bjlron  Daubexbt  (l 
1508X  soldier  and  statesman :  commanded  four  men-sw 
arms  and  fifty  archers  under  Edward  IV  in  Ptance.l47i: 
fled  to  the  Earl  of  Richmond  in  Brittany  on  the  fidon 
of  Buddugliam's  rebellion,  uid  was  attainted,  1488 ;  prirj 
councillor.  1486 :  master  of  the  mint,  1485 ;  lienteDsat  d 
Calais,  1486  :  crmtcd  Baron  Daubeney,  1486  ;  ILQ.,1487: 
arranged  the  first  treaty  for  the  marriage  of  Prince  Axthnr 
with  Catherine  of  Armgon,  1488 :  took  Ostend,  1489;  oon- 
maiMler  of  a  force  sent  to  assist  the  Duchess  Anne  in 
Brittany,  1490  :  negotiated  treaty  of  Etaples,  1493:  kid 
chamberlain,  1495  ;  put  down  the  seccnid  rebeOko  <f 
Perkin  Warbeok  and  the  Coniish  revolt,  1497;  aoooB- 
ptinial  Heury  VII  to  Cahiis,  1500.  [xiv.  N] 

DATTBENY,  CHARLES  (1745-1827X  archdeacos  o( 
Stilisbury:  ciluoatodat  Winchester  and  New  CoUcic;  Ox- 
ford :  fellow  of  New  College,  1774 ;  prebendary  of  SaUAoiy. 
17H4 :  minister  (1798)  of  Christ  Church,  Walcot,  Bath,  tbe 
first  free  and  open  church  in  the  country,  to  tbe  em- 
tion  of  which  he  was  the  chief  subscriber ;  arehdesooB  of 
Sali8bur}\  1804  :  D.C.L.  Oxford,  18SS  :  author  of  sow- 
rous  theological  works,  ptirtly  anticipating  tbe  tnotMitt 
nioveiuent.  [xiv.  tJ} 

DAVBEVY,  CHARLES  GILES  BRIDLE (1795-1817)^ 
chemist  and  botanist ;  educated  at  Wincherto'  and  Kif- 
dalen  College,  Oxford :  B.A.,  1814 ;  Uy-fellow  of  Msgddeo: 
studied  medicine  at  Fidinbnrgh,  1816-18:  MJ>.  Oxfoid: 
professor  of  chemistry  at  Oxford,  1898-55 :  profcswr  of 
botany,  1834.  of  rural  economy,  1840;  FJUS.;  eUrf 
works,  *  A  Description  of  Active  and  Extinct  VolosBoei.* 
largely  I>a8ed  on  investigatious  in  Auvergne,  m6,aiidaa 

*  Introduction  to  the  Atomic  Theory,*  1881.       [xiv.  94] 

DATTBUZ,  CHARLES  (1673-1717),  diTine:  bon  k 
Gnienne:  came  to  Enghuid,  his  father  haviog  hm 
allowed  to  leave  France  on  the  revooatioo  of  the  edSfit  d 
NantcK,  1C85 :  educated  at  Merchant  Taylors*  School  tad 
Queenst' College,  Cambridge :  nuister  of  Sbeflldd  gzamHtf 
school,  1696-9 :  M.A.,  1697 :  vicar  of  BroUiertoii,  Yell' 
shire,  1699-1717:  chief  work,  'A  Perpetual 
on  the  Revelation  of  St.  John  *  (published,  17S0). 

[xlT.M} 

DATTGLISH,  Jc^HN  (18S4-1866),  inwitar  of  attski 
bread:  studied  medicine  at  Edinburgh,  1888;  KJ>nl8il* 
took  out  his  first  patent  for  *an  improved  rnt^^^  d 
making  bread,'  1856,  silver  medallist  of  the  SocMj  d 
Arts,  1860.  [xtT.88] 

DAXTHOEY  or  DAXTHGTY,  JOHN(«.  1888),  lisirtlnr 
of  Perefixe's  'Histoire  de  Henri  le  Grand,*  1668:  pnb- 
lisbed  hlBtorieis  of  Charies  n,  1660,  of  Henrietta  Uuk, 
1660,  and  of  Portugal,  1661.  [zlv.  97] 

DAUHT,  ACHILLES  (1888-1878),  dean  of  (Mk ;  foU 
medallist  in  classics  at  Dublin,  1858 ;  rioar  of  St.  Hsnfr* . 
Dublin,  1867-78 :  DJ>. ;  representatiTe  oanoa  tar  lis 
united  diocese  of  Dublin  and  Glendidoagb ;  dean  of  (kA 

[siT.in 

DAUB,  JOHN  (jl.  1661X  translator  of  «8Uteaa 
Commentaries,'  1560.  [ztr.fl] 

D'ATJyE&QVE,  EDWARD  (l60O-1787XmUltM7kto> 
torian ;  born  in  Jersey ;  MJL.  Pembroke,  OoUoge,  OnovL 
1686 ;  chaplain  to  tbe  Soots  guards  in  Flanders,  IWl : 
rector  of  Great  Hallingbury,  1701-87:  pablisbed  mrm- 
tives  of  William  IIFs  campaigns  in  FUmden.   [dT.  IB) 


DAVATiT. 


321 


DAVIDSON 


XDMU29D  (176S-1798X  botaniit ;  F.L£. ; 

DmulUa  genoB  of  ferns :  resided  at  Orbe« 
left  an  onflnished  work  on  the  Swiss  flora. 

[xlT.  M] 
IT,  OHARLBS  (166e-1714X  poUtloal 
a  oC  Sir  William  lyAvenant  [q.  t.]  ;  entered 
B,  Oxford,  1671 ;  M.P.,  St.  lyes,  Cornwall, 
HP.,  Great  Bedwin,  1698  and  1700;  at- 
argy  in  his  ^Bssays  upon  the  Ballanoe  of 

secretary  to  the  oommissionen  appointed 
;lie  onion  with  Scotland,  1709 :  inspector- 
wtta  and  exports,  1706-14 ;  pablished  *  An 
«  Ways  and  Means  of  Sapplving  the  War,' 
in  Basay  on  the  Bast  India  Trade,*  in 
uphrtHing  the  mercantile  system,  he  qnes- 
licability  to  this  parUcolar  sobject,  1697. 

[xiT.  99] 
IT,  JOHN  (1S76-1641X  Ushop  of  Salisbury ; 
ens'  OoUege,  Oambridgie,  1597 ;  D.D.,  1609  : 
jlesaor  of  dirinity,  1609-31  ;  master  of 
;  represented  the  chorch  of  England  at  the 
^  1618 ;  bishop  of  Salisbury.  1631 ;  aocosed 
ibop  lAod  of  Oalvinism,  16S1 :  best*known 
nentary  on  St.  Paul's  SpisUe  to  the  Ooloa- 

[xlv.  101] 

ST,  Sir  WILLIAM  (1606-1668X  poet  and 
inoated  at  Oxford:  earliest  drama  *The 
bovine,  King  of  the  Lombards,*  1689 ;  wrote 
be  court :  printed  *  Marlagasoar  and  other 
published  *The  Platonick  Lovers*  (tragi- 
:  his  OHnie  masterpiece,  *Tbe  Wits,*  acted, 
d,  1636;  poet-laureate,  1688;  produced  the 
LoTcn,*  1643,  and  *  Lore  and  Hcmoar,*  1649, 
of  Pepys  *a  very  good  play  * :  fled  to  France 
led  by  parliament  with  arrest  on  aooonnt  of 
port  of  Charies  I's  cause,  but  returned ;  was 
Thartos  I  (1643)  at  the  siege  of  Oloacester : 
er  of  adTice  from  Henrietta  Maria,  then  in 
arfes  1, 1646  ;  sent  by  Henrietta  Maria  on  a 
tiginia,  kmt  was  captured  on  the  way  by  a 
tp,  1650 ;  imprisoned  in  the  Tower,  1650-3 ; 
^1)  the  flrst  edition  of  *Qondibert*;  prac- 
ItbeBnglish  opera  by  his  *  Siege  of  Rhodes,* 
Drury  Lane  liMatre,  1658 ;  produced  *  The 
Spaniards  in  Fern,'  1666,  and  *  The  History 
Drake,*  1669 ;  imprisoned  for  complicity  in 
Sir  George  Booth  (1633-1684)  [q.  t.],  1659 ; 
s  *  Doke's  Theatrical  Company,*  1660,  in  spite 
tkm  of  Sir  Henry  Herbert,  master  of  the 
nuetion  with  Dr]fden  adapted  Shakespeare's 
87 ;  produced  versions  of  other  of  Shake- 

[xiv.  101] 

IT.  WILLIAM  (d.  1681),  translator :  M>n 
I  D'Avenant  [q.  v.]  ;  M.A.  Bfagdalen  Hall, 
held  a  living  in  Surrey;  tranaUted  into 
da  Historicorum  Sdectorum,'  1678 ;  drowned 
681.  [xiv.  108] 

)KT,  OHRISTOPHEB  (1698-1680X  Fnn- 
'  known  as  Francuicus  a  SanctA  ClarA.  : 
SoUcge,  Oxford,  and  went  to  Douay,  1615 ; 
Kiflcan  at  Ypres,  1617  ;  graduated  at  Sala- 
laln  to  C^ieen  Henrietta  Maria:  gained 
rchbishop  Laud  by  hi»  liberal  conatructiou  of 
laition :  chaplain  to  Catherine  of  Braganxa ; 
)eas,  Natnra,  Gratia,'  1634.         [xiv.  108] 

>KT,  Sir  HUMPHREY  (1666-1645),  judge : 
lUol  OoUege,  Oxford ;  barrister,  Gray's  Inn, 
•«Vlaw,  1633 :  knighted,  1624  ;  puisne  judge 
aas,  1630-1 ;  president  of  court  of  exclieqner, 
aed  legality  of  ship-money,  but  gave  judg- 
ipden  on  a  technical  point,  1637  :  impeached 
ament.  but  passed  over,  1641.     [xiv.  109] 

>KT,  JOHN  (1697-1670),  puriUn  divine : 
crton  and  Magdalen  colleges,  Oxford :  M.A. 
I :  fled  from  Laud's  hostility :  co-pastor  of 
church  at  Amsterdam,  1634-6:  founded 
r  Haven,  Quiunipiac,  1638 :  argued  agaiuHt 
ly  Covenant,'   166S ;   published  theological 

[xiv.  110] 

AT,  MART  ANN  (1766  7-1848X  actress : 
rst  appeared  as  Lappet  in  Fielding's  '  MImt,' 
lat  Covent  Garden,  1794;  most  successful 
in  old  woman.  [xiv.  Ill] 


DATSHPOBT,  RICHARD  ALFRED  (1777  7-1853X 
miscellaneous  writer:  published  *Tim  History  of  the 
BastUe,*  1838,  *A  Dictionary  of  Biography,*  1831,  and 
numerous  other  works,  besides  editinig  various  Britiiih 
poets,  Robertson's  histories,  1834,  Mltford's  'History  of 
Greece,*  1835,  and  Pilkington's  *  Dictionary  of  Painters,' 
1868 :  died  from  an  ovenloee  of  opium.  [xiv.  113] 

OATSHPOBT,  ROBERT  iJL  1633X  poet  and  dra- 
matist: published  *A  Crowne  for  a  Oonquerour,*  and 
*  Too  lAte  to  call  backe  Yesterday,'  1633  :  author  of  *  King 
John  and  Matilda'  ( tragedy X  published  1666,  *A  New 
Trick  to  Cbmt  the  Divell,'  1689,  and  'The  City  Night- 
Osp,'  Uoensed,  1634.  [xiv.  113] 

DAYEVPORT,  SAMUEL  (1783-1867),  line-engraver : 
engraved  portraits  for  biographical  works  and  (1838-43) 
plates  for  the  *  Forget-me-not  Annual.*  [xiv.  113] 

DAYEE8.    [See  Danvkrs.] 

BAYZD.    [See  Davtdd.] 

DAYZD  or  DEWI,  Saint  (d.  601  ?X  patron  saint  of 
Wales ;  bishop  of  Menevia  (St.  David's) :  credited  with 
tbe  foundation  of  monasteries  at  Glastonbury,  Leominster, 
Repton,  Crowland,  Bath,  and  Raglan ;  commemorated 
1  March ;  canonised  by  Pope  Calixtos  in  1130.  [xiv.  113] 

DAYID  (<f.  1139  ?),  generally  called  '  David  the  Scot,' 
but  probably  of  WeUh  descent :  teacher  at  Wilrsburg : 
chaplain  to  the  Emperor  Henry  V,  1110  :  attended  Henry 
in  his  expediticm  against  Pope  RMchal  II,  of  which  he 
wrote  an  aocoont,  1110 :  chosen  bishop  of  Bangor  by  the 
influence  of  Grufladd,  Ung  of  Gwynedd,  1130 ;  took  part 
in  Archbishop  William  of  Corbeil's  council  at  Westmin- 
ster, 1137.  [xiv.  116] 

DAYZD  I  (1064-1163X  king  of  Scotland:  son  of 
Malcolm  Oanmore:  became  an  English  baron  by  his 
marriage  with  Matilda,  eountess  of  Northampton ;  intro- 
duced the  feudal  organisation  into  Cumbria  on  becoming 
ito  prince,  1107 ;  king  of  Scotland,  1134 ;  declared  for  the 
Empress  Matilda  against  Stephen,  but  was  defeated  at  the 
Battle  (rf  the  Standard,  1138 :  concluded  an  advantageous 
peace  at  Carlisle,  but  subsequently  (1140)  joined  Matilda 
in  her  flight  to  Winchester ;  unsuccessfully  invaded  Eng- 
land, 1149;  founded  the  sees  of  Brechin,  Dunblane, 
Chaithness,  Ross,  and  Aberdeen ;  introduced  into  Scotland 
the  new  regular  orders  of  the  monastic  clergy,  especially 
favouring  the  Cistercians:  founded  the  burghs  of  Edin- 
burgh, Berwick,  Roxburgh,  Stirling,  and  perhaps  Perth  : 
made  Norman  feudal  law  the  law  of  Scotland,  organised 
a  feudal  court,  and  established  the  office,  of  chancellor  for 
the  administration  of  tbe  laws  and  the  publishing  of  the 
royal  charters.  [xiv.  117] 

j       DAYID  n  (1834-1371).    [See  Bruck,  David.] 

I  

I        DAYID  id.  1176X  called  David  the  Second,  bishop  of 

j  St.  David's :   consecrated  bishop  of  St  David's  by  Arch- 

I  bishop  Theobald,  on  condition  of  waiving  the  claims  of 

,  his  see  to  metropolitan  rank,  1148 ;  involved  in  constant 

disputes  with  his  chapter  and  with  Mabel,  lord  of  Brecon, 

who  disliked  David's  Norman  connections  and  policy: 

attended  counoU  of  Tours,  1 163.  [xiv.  120] 

DAYID  AP  GWILYM  (I4th  oent.X  Welsh  bard :  said 
to  have  studied  in  Italy;  imprisoned  for  eloping  with 
Morvydd  of  Anglesey,  but  released  on  the  payment  of 
his  fine  by  the  men  of  Glamorgan :  chief  imnl  of  Glamorgan- 
shire; wrote  love  poems  and  satires  on  his  personal 
enemies  and  the  monastic  oniers.  [xiv.  122] 

DAYID  AB  LLXWELYK  {d.  1415).  [See  Gam, 
David.] 

DAYID   or   DAFTDD,  EDWARD  (</.  1690%  Welsh 
poet :  lampooned  Cromwell's  WeUh  expedition ;  editor  of 
I  *Cyfrinach  y  Beirdd,'  a  treatiM  on  the  rules  of  Welsh 
poeUy ;  president  of  Goriieda  Morgimwg,  1660.  [xiv.  133] 

i  DAYID8.  THOMAS  WILLIAM  (1816-1884X  ecclesi- 
astical historian ;  congregational  minister  at  Colchester, 
1840-74 :  steretary  of  the  Bswx  Cougregational  Union ; 

'  author  of  *  Annals  of  Evangelical  Nonconformity  in  the 
County  of  Essex,'  1863.  and  (unfinished)  'Annals  of  Re- 
formers before  the  Reformation.*  [xiv.  133] 

DAYIDSON.    [See  also  Davisov.] 


1800).  prorart  01  Bl 


BATUB,  LADt  LUCY  CLEMFNTTNA  (17M-lBfl  ,. 

>. ^,.. ,^_,  , —  ■    "■Kart.tltulKewI 

rv  Sarin;  pob- 
[xl..  UT]  ' 

DATOS,  UAJUA»KE(l>M-lSU?).Diiulalu;  nc- 
mad  In  poblk:  on  tbe  KnnDolci.  on  Lnnntioii  o(  Ban- 

SAVIEB,   MILES   (lei;«-i;u  ?),  bibllngnptw:   ad- 
ih  mllcw  u  Hsmc  I*«;  priMt, 
Lihl  ]idt«cait  oonntln  i 
poMibly  adopted  '      '  — *_j^  . 
pcnDoalty  hawkvd  bia  owe 
emc  BHUumicff,' .  mlKSllmnJ,  1716-lS.    [iIt.  !«] 
IIATIK8.  DWEK  (1713-183(1),  mimintsidait  of  tbt 
■■    - "IK  r.llp«.>.riU.r.      [llT.  !«] 


loUem.  C»IIll 
'HlI>ltton.C 


Id  theologica]  paiuphletl 
DAVTEB,  BO  WLAHD  <  lTW-ir«7),  Mmposer  vt  iiered 
miuic  :  pupil  ot  Haodel :  r-*-'---  " .i."i:-  -..i— * 

SAVIEB,  BNEYD(lI0lt-17eBXp«t;elu?iUdat  BMn 
ind  Kintr*!  Oolles*.  Oambridae ;  Mlow ;  iirlideiMn  of 
Derb]',  17JII1  prsbemliry  ol  LicMeld:  aatbor  of  IjiUn 
poemi.  [mitaCiuua  ol  UUUhi,  and  toki  In  UienuQiwr  ol 
SrtB.  [il--  i»a] 

i2 


DAVIS 


826 


lUflB  or  JULYOB,  XABY  (/.  166S-1M9X  Mtecn  in 
flomnoy  of  Sir  WOliam  lyATeDAnt  [q.  t.],  1640 ;  per* 

'  mt»rioasplapbyRtlisrege,Dn<(i«n««Ki8liiiuj; 
oC  OhutoB  II,  1668 :  fraqoently  nMntiooed  by 

as  s  dancer  and  ooart  beaatgr.  [zIt.  169] 


BA7IS,  NATHAN  (1813-188S),  traveller  and  exoa- 

:  nrtded  in  an  qU  Mooriah  palace   near   Tanis; 

CO  b^ialf  oC  tlie  British  MoKom  ia  excavations 

CartiHige  and  Utica,  1866-8.    His  works  include  *A 

oioe  from    North   Africa,*   1844,  and   'Israel's    true 

/  188S.  [xiT.  170] 


lUiYJB,  BICHABD  BABBBTT  (178>-1864),  animal 
painter;  exhibited  at  the  Bgjal  Academy  (1803-68X  the 
BritMi  iBfltitate,  and  the  Soffolk  Street  Exhibition; 
to  William  IV,  1831.  [xiv.  171] 


SAYZB,  THOMAS  OSBORNE  (1814-1845X  Poet  and 
polhUeB:  gnMloated  at  Trinity  College,  Dnblin,  1836 ; 
eaOsd  to  tha  bar,  1838 ;  in  conjonctixm  with  Daffy  and 
DOkm  founded  the  '  Nation  *  newspaper,  to  which  he  con- 
tributed aome  stirring  ballads,  1842;  developed  Yoong 
InlsBd  party  oat  d  t3a»  extremists  who  were  dissstisfled 
wtthOtSaBneUlsooostttatianal  methods,  1846.  [ziT.  171] 

BATH,  WIUilAH  (16S7-1690),  highwayman  on  WUt- 
lUrtt  GloocBstershire,  and  Woroestershire  roads ;  known 
as  the  'Oolden  Farmer'  from  his  habitoally  paying  with 
gold  coin  to  avoid  identification  of  tiis  plunder;  lived 
onwqiected  as  a  farmer  till  1690,  when  he  was  identified 
sad  hanged.  [xiv.  173] 

BAYIB,  WILLIAM  a7n-1807X  mathematician  and 

«dilar  of  Uie  *  Companion  to  the  Gentleman's  Diary ' ; 

bootaeOer  and  pabltaher  (1803)  ol  Motte's  translation  of 

^  iHae  Newton's  'Frino^les * ;  largdy  wrote  or  edited 

vote  on  floTlotuL  [xiv.  173] 

IIATIB,  WILLIAM  (181S-1873),  landscape  and 
portrait  painter;  profoseor  of  painting,  Liverpool 
Aeitamy ;  exhibited  landsoapes  at  the  Boyid  Aoademy, 
Wl-71  [xiv.  173] 

IIATXBOV.    [See  also  Daviiwon.] 

WrmOV,  ALEXANDBB  (1760-1899\  government 
astnetor:*  member  ol  legislative  conncU  of  Qaebeo,  1784 ; 
Mod  of  Ndeon ;  priae-agent  of  Lord  Ndson  after  batUe 
of  the  HBa,  1796 :  olothing  contractor  to  the  army  and 
VBt  for  the  purchase  of  barrack  snppUes,  1796 ;  fined 
ad  iovriaonaa  for  fraodnlently  accepting  government 
on  the  sale  of  private  stock,  1808.  [xiv.  174] 


BATZaOM,  BDWABD  (1676  ?-16S4  f ).  [See  Dawson.] 

BAVIBOM,  BDWABD  (1789-186SX  divine;  M.A. 
0Biv«nlty  College,  Oxford,  1819 ;  rector  of  Harlington, 
Ittl.  and  of  St.  Nicholas,  Dorham.  1836-66 ;  pabUshed 
*I>n*amnn  Theologioom*  (manoal  on  preaching),  I860. 

[xiv.  176] 
OATIBCnr.  FBANC;iS  (/.  1609), poet;  son  of  William 
Oevlsaa  (U41?-1608)  [q.  v.];  member  of  Gray's  Inn, 
I6ii:  toaveUed  In  Italy,  1696;  oontribnted  some  of  its 
best  poems  to  *  A  Poetical  Bapaody,'  1603 ;  left  in  mano- 
eertpi  metrical  tnndations  from  the  Psalms,  *Tabala 
Amdsrtiea  Poetica,*  and  some  historical  pamphlets. 

[xiv.  176] 

]IA^?XBOM,  JAMBS  WILLIAM  (1813-1886X  journal' 

iat :  afeoffied  at  the  Boyal  Academy  of  Music :  composed 

mmga ;  wrote.monograph  on  Chopin,  1849 ;  musical  critic 

to uc  'Times,*  1846-86 ;  trained  popular  taste  to  apprfr- 

BerUos  and  Mcnddseohn.  [xiv.  176] 

SA^IIOM,    JBBBMIAH    (1696  ?-1760  ?),    portrait- 
Among  his  sitters  were  Frederick,  prince  of 
1710,  and  Admiral  Byng.  [xiv.  177] 


SATXIOV,  JOHN  a777.1834X  theological  writer; 
ednrfttirt  at  DartaamCJathedral  school  and  Christ  Church, 
Ozfotd:  Craven  scholar,  1796;  feHow  of  Oriel,  1800; 
of  Washington,  Durham,  1818,  of  Upton-npon- 
1886:  nreboidary  of  St.  Fknl's  and  (1836)  of 
Hia  most  important  works  are  the  'Dis- 
co Prophecy,'  emphasising  the  moral  aspect  of 
revelatioitt,  and  *An  Inquiry  into  the  Origin 
Intent  of  Primitive  Saoriflce,*  1836.  [xiv.  177] 

HATEMV,  MABIA  BEBBOOA  (1780  ?-1868),  actress ; 
played  children's  parts  in  Dublin,  Liverpool,  and  New- 
caeOs;  ptayed  Lady  Teasle  and  Bosalind  at  Drury  Lane, 
18M;  'cRftted*  JnUaoa  In  the  *Hoiwymoon,*  1806;  last 


appeared  at  Dmnr  Lane  in  1839;  styled  by  Leigh  Hunt 
the  best  tady  of  the  comic  stage.  [xiv.  178] 

DAYIBOV,  WALTEB  (1681-16067).  poet;  ion  of 
WlUiam  Davison  (1641  ?-1608)  [q.  v.]  ;  educated  at  King's 
Gbllege,  Cambridge:  served  in  Low  Countries,  e.  1603; 
author  of  poems  in  '  Poetical  Bapsody,'  1603.  [xiv.  179] 

DAVnOV,  WILLIAM  (1641 7-1608X  secretary  of 
Queen  Elizabeth ;  resident  agent  at  Antwerp,  1677 ;  ob- 
tained for  the  States-General  a  loan  of  60,0002.  from  the 
English  (government,  1679 ;  sent  to  Scotland  to  prevent  a 
prc^xned  French  alliance,  1683;  commander  of  Flushing, 
1686  ;  returned  to  England  to  explain  the  Earl  of  Ldces- 
ter's  acceptance  of  the  governorship  of  the  Low  Countries 
without  instructions  from  home,  1686 ;  privy  councillor 
and  secretary  to  Queen  Elizabeth,  1686 ;  member  of  the 
commission  for  the  trial  of  Mary  Queen  of  Soots,  1686; 
fined  and  imprisoned  in  the  Tower,  1687-9,  for  *  misprision 
and  contempt,'  being  unfairly  charged  by  the  queen  with 
undue  precipitation  in  securinK  tier  signature  to  the  death- 
warrant  of  Mary  Queen  of  Soots,;  subeeqnently  cnstos 
brevium  in  the  king's  bench  and  clerk  of  the  treasury, 
by  a  reversion  dating  from  1679.  [xiv.  179] 

DAVI80V  or  DAYIDSOV,  WILLIA.M  (/I.  1636- 
1660),  chemist  and  physician ;  physician  to  the  king  of 
France ;  keeper  of  the  Royal  Botanic  Garden  of  Pluris, 
1648-60;  senior  surgeon  to  the  king  of  Poland,  1660; 
follower  of  Paracebus  in  'Philoeophia  Pyrotechnica* 
complete  edition,  1641 ;  published  prolegomena  on  the 
phUoeophy  of  Severinus,  1660.  [xiv.  183] 

DAVT,  ADAM  Of.  1308  ?),  fanatical  rhymer ;  formerly 
supposed  to  be  the  author  of  *  Alisaunder*  and  the  enUre 
Bodleian  MS.  Laud,  633 ;  claimed  to  predict  the  destiny  of 
King  Edward  (UI  ?)  in  Ws  '  Dreams.'  [xiv.  183] 

DAYT,  CHARLES  (1733-1797X  miscellaneons  writer ; 

,  MJL  Caius  College,  Cambridge,  1748 ;  held  incumbendes 

in  Norfolk  and  Suffolk,  1764-97  ;  published  *  Conjectural 

'  Observations  on  the  Origin  and  Progress  of  Alphabetical 

'  Writing,'  1773,  and  *  Letters,'  in  which  was  embodied  a 

translation  of '  Euclid's  Section  of  the  Canon,  and  Treatise 

on  Harmonic,*  1787.  [xiv.  184] 

DAVY,  DAVID  ELISHA  (1769-1881).  Suffolk  anti- 
quary and  collector;  BJL  Pembroke  Hall,  Cambridge, 
1790;  recdver-general  for  Suffolk;  left  manuscripts  on 
the  genealogical  history  and  heraldry  of  Suffolk  families, 
now  in  British  Museum.  [xiv.  184] 

DAVT,  EDMUND  (1786-1867^  professor  of  chemistry ; 
operator  and  assistant  in  the  laboratory  of  the  Boyal  In- 
stitution, 1804-13 ;  professor  azkd  secretary  of  the  Boyal 
Cork  Institution,  1813;  professor  of  chemistry  of  the 
Boyal  Dublin  Society,  1836;  F.R.8.  and  V.OA. ;  author  of 
papers  on  agriculUaal  chonistry,  dectro-cbemlstry,  and 
metaUnrgy.  [xiv.  186] 

DAVT,  EDWARD  (1806-1886),  scientific  investigator ; 
M  JLC.S.,  1839 :  invented  *  Davy's  diamond  cement,'  1836 ; 
invented  needle  telegraph,  1837:  sailed,  as  medical  super- 
intendent of  an  em^rant  ship,  to  Australia,  1839 ;  editor 
of  the  '  Adelaide  Examiner,'  1843-6 ;  in  charge  of  the 
government  assay  ofllce  at  Adelaide,  1863,  and  at  Mel- 
bourne, 1863-4 ;  surgeon  at  MaIme8bury,yictoria,  where  he 
died;  published  ' An  Experimental  Guide  to  Chemistry,' 
1836.  [xiv.  186] 

DAVT,  HENRY  (A  1829),  architect  and  landscape- 
painter  ;  executed  etchings  of  the  country  seats  and  anti- 
quities of  Suffolk,  1818  and  1827.  [xiv.  187] 

DAVT,  SIR  HUMPHRY  (1778-1839),  natural  phUo- 
sopher;  instructed  in  the  rudiments  of  science  by  a 
saddler  of  Penzance;  educated  at  Penzance  grammar 
school  and  at  Truro:  wrote  'The  Sons  of  Genius,'  a 
poem,  1796 ;  introduced  to  Dr.  Edwards,  the  chemist,  who 
directed  his  attention  to  some  phenomena  of  what  was 
afterwards  known  as  galvanic  action  ;  superintendent  of 
the  laboratory  of  the  *  Pnetimatic  Institution '  at  Bristol, 
1798-9 ;  visited  London,  1799  ;  published  the  first  volume 
of  the  'West-Country  Collections'  and  'Researches, 
Chemical  and  Philosophical,  chiefly  concerning  Nitrous 
Oxide  and  its  Respiration,'  1799 :  nearly  died  in  attempt 
to  breathe  carburetted  hydrof?en  gas,  1800 ;  lectured  on 
galvanism  and  *  pneumatic  chemistry '  at  the  Rojal  Insti- 
tution, wliere  he  was  appointol  director  of  chemi- 
cal laboratory,  1801;  cbeuiistry  professor.  Royal  Instf- 
'  tnttOD,  1803 ;  F.B.S.,  1808  :  Copley  medallist  of  the  Royal 


Bocd«T,ieO». 

pdtanlum.  iiidlaDi.  and  Dlileciiw  b;  Un  fmux  w  luf 
ealvuilc  b4tt«'j,  1B07 ;  dlscoreml  at  ftatQiTflorutLtuUoD 
at  aifmuriiiUo  add,  ISDT :  niMd  tha  KnpolMa  pri» 
iTDin  tJje  lafltlbnteof  PrwicelDrhlidtKOTBits^  Lonomty 
LL,D.  DDbUn,lBll;  knlghM,  IBU;  (UMlntal  Punda; 
hi!  aniituit  in  tlM  labouiarj  of  tlia  Boril  InitltatlDU, 
leil:  ■xpoimmtad  Id  Italy  M  aodCDt  ptsmoili  iiul 
mmlMMiaii  d(  dluuond,  UU-ll ;  InTenUd  KlMj-Ump, 
IBlt ;  nrcKtid  twmit,  IStB:  P.&&,  IMO;  Invsnted  ui 
ultimMd;  ■budODB]  mtan  of  proteoUin  (or  preHrring 
the  copper  abeftUilDg  of  the  bottoms  of  ihlp*,  1833  ;  died, 
worn  ouC,  at  OBneio.  18».  [ilv.  1S7] 

DATY.JANB,  LADT(lT§0-lBMX«i(«ofSlrHnti.plit7 
JJurj  [f^.  7.)  altar  tho  dottb  of  her  -    -  ■     -      -    ^■ 


■UDded  br  tUduDc  de  StaSL 

*(17a>-lM4).nio 
■JaUudml 


Sff  Kerr  ;  a  promi- 


Fm;]M0ii  {l7JW-liWa)  [<)■'.].  orgimUt of  BidUt 


DAVT,  JOHN  (I7BII-18I1B),  pbTBlologiil  na 
min;  brotJiCT  ol  Sir  Humphry  Daty  [q.».];  M. 
bDrgh,  1S14:  tbamplimel  hi«  " —   -"-  "    ~ 


ID  Agrtoidtiuc,'  IgU,  '  iHiyalologlca]  Rtwarobis,'  1343. 
iDd  oUict  norlu  of  Kiencc  and  trani.  {ilv.  IBB] 

DATY.MARTrK(i;63-1830Xpbf9loiuandiiiuliTDf 
Moi  OoUFgB,  OambridKe:  UJ>.  Diiua  CoUqie.  Oam- 
itidge,  17UT  ;  bumctdC  0»in»,  1B0>-(»;  D.D,  I8U  :  on- 
lendari'  of  CbuUiBlcr:  Tin-abaDocUor.  18U1  and  18*7: 
kdbervut  of  Ihe  Bitmonlao  ajitf  m  of  medlolDft 

DATY,  BOBEKT  Id.  ilBBX  portnilt-pabitor ; 'itolied 


DAWEB 

,  amngol  a  trnt;  bMirsn  Bdwurd  and 
bleb  br  wu  rewarded,  Ibinigb  bli  laodf 
v«r  u  bii  broUwr;  dnvea  to  ivwoU  br 
lire  dmwadi  and  tbe  mnicmpt  bcahomd 
WE.  liSl :  EiDommuDlcaUd  br  Ajafabtahop 
dusliiii  to  so  on  a  cnwde,  ISU ;  tetrajild 
dglbbcUd, 


[li 


DATT8,  OBOROB  (ITBO-IHM),  bialiop  of  Futa- 
bomagti :  cdocaud  at  OliriaCE  OoUftn,  Oimbrid^  i  Idlow, 
ISM:  M.A„  180S:  toEorlotbe  Prinocoi  Vistorla.  IStT; 
rKl«rofUlImllow>-OD-ttw-WaU.LaDdoD.ies8-81:d«Diif 


KDpiled  educatloaa]  worla  and  w: 


DAVT8,  JOHN  (IIM  ?-ie"B> 

«lUi  bit  friend,  Adriao  aubert,  a 

EiplalnDd  Uh  po»lbi1it;  of  Uh  uortb-inali 
Walringbam,  ItSI :  dlHorend  DaTji  I '"  - 


D«tq-».]. 


, irt^^ij 

timd  Cfae  nggns  Salngnla.  ItW ;  aeaompanln)  TbomM 
Oavmdiib  Cq-  t.I  In  ths  Bootb  ■■■  on  hli  noond  tnnn 
for  Un  tman  of  wbloh  be  m  nnjiaU;  blamal,  IWL^ : 
pabUilud'SiaBun'aSaenU.'llM.ai^  Iht  ■Wotldl^ 

n«t  paauga,  1(M :  ambarkod,  at  ttw  aanaatliiD  al  Ita 
Rul  ol  Sbu,  u  pilot  of  Um  I«iir,  a  D^^  Ea«  Inltap 

man,  UW;  pilot  of  tin  HgR.  ICM  1  killed  In  an  tSaj 
Willi  JapsoaH  pb^Ui  d9  Blngaporc.  IBM.      [iIt.  SOS] 

SATYB.  UARY  {Jl.  ITiex  dramaUit  and  nordM; 
comapoQilel  Willi  DeanSwUt:  anCborof  aooletyainiHUn 
aDdtAl».  [iK.  »WJ 

DAVE,  (IBOHOB  (IfSl-ienx  portnlt-palnter  and 
masotlut  engraver ;  E[o]d  lUAdalliatfllbbeAoyalAoademj' 
for  bit  plotDn  at '  ArhUla  njeoUng  ths  OoutalMoot  «t 
Tbet[i.'18Uli  ItA„iai4:  oooDdi^fanisdlff  AlauBdarof 
Rdv ia  to  paint  a  aeds  of  portnlta  of  ttae  blgba  Riilin 
offloen  wbD  bad  fdoght  agalnM  IfspoleOD.  1B1> :  ulnt*! 
portraltaoJ  llieldD?  of  Pnuiia  and  tbe  Doke  of  Comb^ 
Lmd  al  Berlba.  182*.  [>lv.  «W] 


T.  177»:f»i 
jroflfr^iuniner  and  bomorlit.  [eIt.  IBT] 

DATT,  WILLIAU  (1749-18H),  dlTlDe:  BJ.  Balliol 
^olkge,  Oiford,  17se ;  Tloar  of  Wlnktelgb,  Deroniblre, 
lSiB-1 ;  autbor  of  a'SyBtem  of  INrtnlty  on  the  BaIde. 
Feature,  aud  Attrlbalfia  of  God,'  wbleb  be  printed  Himaaii^ 
1781-1807 :  bk  work  higblj  pnlaed  afta  hli  death. 


[Hi,  1101 

DAWX.  PHILIP  (/.  178D),  meaotint  en^rBTtt: 
friend  of  Geor^  Varluid  (q.  t.):  omtrlbated  totbaflnt 
eiblbJIion  of  Uw  Boyal  Aoademf,  17C3.  U>'-  *11] 


[.i..l»8]         '^^', 


SATTSS.    [BeealM  I):ini>. 

DATTSSI/d.  19U),  Ungof  XortbWaKaiNa  of 
Owaln  OvTnedd  [q.  r,] ;  fought  rlgorosilr  igabut 
Henry  U's  troops  In  Walea,  1 1»7  ;  alew  Uji  rtial.  How^ 
■   '  ^    -  iB  lord  of  Qwynedd,  1170;  allied  himself  with 


rxU.la 


D  Caitk^  tia«:  ( 


— — ,  — H.  ^.^^--^^  and  dethroned  by 

Llewelyn,  son  of  lorwertb,  1191.  [lUv.  IM] 

SATTOO  n  (Ii08?-lt4ei  priDoe  ol  Noitb  Walei: 
nn  of  Uewelyn  ab  lorwertb  ;  did  bomaga  to  Henry  in. 
im :  married  to  Isabella,  the  dBU|;btec  of  WUUam  de 
BraoSF  [q.  I.].  1*^  :  defeated  GruSudd,  hia  half-brother 
■nd  rival  lor  ths  iiumalon,  19SS  :  recc^lHd  ae  prince 
and  kolgbtsl  by  Henry  III.  1940  ;  became  alieuatai  from 

had  Inaoberously  Imprlwoiri  ;  capltalatcd  lo  an  iniiuilng 
foroe  led  by  King  Henry  In  pemn,  1211 ;  sent  Welsb 
troops  for  the  French  war,  1149  ;  biiaded  EerefordBblre, 
1944  ;  attempted,  but  Dllimately  failed,  lo  enllM  the  sym- 
pathies of  the  pope  a^hul  Heuiy  11^  I34fi ;  oarried  on 
■  bonier  warfare  till  hl«  death.  [iiy.  »»] 

DATTXD  m  (d.  Ufa).  last  naUia  prince  of  North 

iir.i™. 1  n^,-- jj  .  ...-_,  ,,1,  bmthor  Uewelyn  in 

the  king  of  England, 


of  Qneen's  OaU<g«,  Ontoid.  it..  . 

sbby,  Wastmordand,  a  ohar^  of  slntony  havliiE  been 
iTalldatsd.  Ial8-H:  prebendary  of  OuUale:    D.D.  St. 

-'" [nL.m] 

SAWXe,  UAIJASSER  (d.  IBM),  minellaDeoiM 
orller:  author  of  numeroci  pubUcat^ns,  inoJoding  an 
'  Bsss^r  on  Intellectual  Liberty.^  1780,  and  an '  Bpltouw  of 
theLawofldodol  Property.' ISla.  [iIt.  lU] 

SAWSB,  KICHARD  (170S-17Sex  Qreek  scholar  and 
Bohoohnaster :  feUow  of  BinmaDuel  OoUese,  OambrUge^ 

and  at.  Mary's  HosglMl.  Neg<!aatle,17W:  rtslKnad  sohoel 

Oritlca,'  oontalnlag    hii  oiuMni 
*pa«,  .   eererelj^^^^^^^ 

SAWZS,  niCH.lUD  (179S-18S7),  dean  of  Hereford; 
foarth  wrangler.  Trinity  Colkse-Oiunbridge.  1817;  M-4, 

lege,  isie ;  redtor  of  Klni;'i  Sombome,  Hampshire,  18U- 
18i0 ;  fonnded  s  model  lower-cUsa  acbool  In  hli  parish, 

p*™f^'***  on  the  education  of  the  poorer  clanca- 

[ilT,  111] 
SAWSS  or  DAW.  SOPHIA,  B  — —  " •-— 


<d  Qieek  n 


n7»0-lS4I!).  adventures 
Helai's,  Isle  of  Wight : 


aoHbler  of  a  fisherman  al 


□  bla  sipedition  against     Looli  STID  oi 


■.lala:  forbidden  the 


'rmcb  codrl  ^ 


r,  latf:  (HdmltMd  U>  am  Vnoeh  ooort  by 
j^r-'iM  X,  1030;  Rpatfed  to  ba  ooocenwd  in  Ui«  mp- 
j^«Mt  KilEUg  c<  Ibi  Dote  ■!<  Bonitwn.  IBM,  ud  In  tbe 
^~"'  '  Ui  If  ber  nEphaw,  Juu  Itaira.  [iIi.  >U] 
.lAM.eUrd  baronet  (1s;MT14), 
it  Yorli;  HjteniJ  Kervbanl  Taylors'  School, 
a  deTddonal  »Drk  ealttlal  >  Tbe  DdUh  of  Cbe 
»1:  ftdlow  ol  St.  John's  Oollegc  Oifonl: 
X  14  M.  CaUiariue'i  Ball,  Dambrldife,  ISSe;  D.D., 
^•MidupUlnlnoMlnarytoWUUamlll.  teiH;  preban- 
4V7  M  VorhUtt.  ISSS :  btthop  o(  CbMter,  1  JOB ;  arcb- 
-^ .._^ .(yjj  jj^  vFOftiol  BUickHll,  blfhop 

WILLIAM  RUTTBR  (ITBB-IBMV  a«lro- 

'  I  at  CltatterbonK:  nndiid  melliHne  at 

"■  Hoapltsl  tad  pT«cUlcd  at  Haddonbam, 

!■!  ninMj'i  •  Ifi  in'iilii.'  •  ¥1 till  III  UBHoniDiuiU  □[ 

in  la^b  Bten,  tobn  at  OrraaUtk  dnriu  Uw  yuan  1  UiJ. 
UBI,  im,  >Bl  im':  ICB-A^lSKTlnclyLnnortlift 
ItMiMinj  ■»  Bootli  Tma,  n^RiE'i  rark,  1839-44 :  golil 

HUd  Ba  mB^taDonbeiic  clianuter  af  tbe  raloeai  nt 

lUn.i8H:  r.a£,isu.  [>1t.9I7] 

,  UKSS  <ir!l-1797>.  arcbBOlndit  anl 


IV,  Dibid:  aOX.,    I 


JiotaUDsm 


rt  (I71J-17«8)  [q.  T.]  * 


lATSS. 

'Cktlal  Hei 

IIK  ITUtanain  iwnpccuior.'  i/ii,  L"' 

una,  THOKAS,  Um  tUer  (d.  isrox  prinln 


sr-prUitcr  at  Blackfrinn 


MiraOir.  AMBROSE  {1J0J-17M),   phjaWn 
Ortit'i  CdIIi^  Cambridge,  17M:  P.R.C.F,17; 

174MO;  bat  known    by  bifl   ^Thooghta  an  Ih* 

ST^H  iDteniiu,'  1778.  [il 

UWSOK.  BBNJ&MIN  (17»-IS14X  divine  s 

Burgh,  BoSolk,  t7«)-lBU:  LL.D..  17ei;  Lwiy 


(haj  aod  ayDfmymlcal  Diallooary  of   t 


DAITKIjr.  0B0B08  (t»»-l7WX  iu 
Jeba'i  CoU^E.  Cambridge,  IMS ;  ricar 
•rti^t  'Origo  Lcgum,'  in  ktqi  booio,  169 


18*7.  ul  QiaiBM  DniKnlty,  IKUt:  U.A.  O 
^ptM  nutor.  Vonnt  ZIod,  Btrmlnghani,  lM4-t 
ii<  Urn  •  dbircb  of  tbe  aaiionr.'  Bb-mlngbum,  a  no 


loriodlii 


lod  allien  ol  Pobuid.   [<1< 


eiblbitol  at  the  Brlliali 


with  tlie  patrioU 
.WHOI 

oriffliially  ei 

Oharlei  t  mlaic 

(18741,   'Woolo 
■Durliaiil.' 
DAWSON.   . 


174£;   eiecutal,  tili  betrotlwl  dying  of  grief  tbe  ■ 

day,  1746.  [iIt.  IM 

SAVBOK,  JOHS  (ITM-IBM),  <t 


Fricalley'I  doclrin 
troTvrtei]  William 
llihBl,lT08,'Foa[ 

SAWBON,  Bl 
logiA  ;  bom  at  F 


Fropoaitioni '  •«aiiiit  Stewart'a '  Bm 

[ilT.  Mil 

t  JOHN  WILLIAM  (1890-1899).  gl 

nuula  gmlogieal  iiirrey  ol  Nora  Scoll 

toey  aiid  principal  at  MeG 

na!,  lB[»-93;  fas..  lU 

"oclety  ol  Ouiad 

__ .  .     _      Bilnburgh,  IM 

t   CoUkc,   QiKtrc,    18SI  ;    C.M.a..    ISS 


geology  and  natu 

slbtatory,                     (BoppLll.l»] 

OAWBOK,  U 
bom:  preilded 
1640-6:  alartfl] 

Gold  Cupe  sE  Ah 

ATTHBW  (1990-1898  X  trainer  of  raoe- 
over  Jamee'  Merry'i  Stable  at  RD-dey, 
a  pnblla   tralnar  at  Newmarket,  ISU : 

rail  D8rbl».KTenBt  Legen-andloor 
It.                                       [SnppL  IL  IB] 

DAWBOM,    NAKOY  (1710  ?-m7),  dana^;    flpBB- 
dancer  at  Stdler'i  Wells :  joined  Covent  Oatdsi  Theatre 
and  inade  bar  reputation  by  dancing  tbe  horaplpe  in  Uia 
'  Beggar-e  Opera,'  1769,  Cha  tone  beaming  popolar. 

artiit  ;  aniBtant-draugbUmui  on  the  ordnanoe  iOTTey  of 

military  ^urTeyor^  1801 :  Uught  at  the  Royal  MUHary 
College  111.1.  IHlO,  at  Iha  Rial  fnilla  Oompany's  toiUlary 
wniinir;.  AddlHDDibe ',  exHiled  Id  tbe  artlitic  employ- 
mcoc  of  oblJiue  light.                                       [Ilv.  IN] 

DAWSOM.  ROBERT  KEARSLBY  (179B-1M1),  Uao- 
tenantcoloiiel  royal  enginwn:  ion  of  Robert  Dawaon 
n.  >.];emploj«lon  the  Bcolcb  and  Iruh  nirveja :  bead 

mlaalga :  C.B,  civil  dlvialon.                            [nir.  ««] 

DA-TBON, 

brother  ol  Anis 
171S;    phyWainn 

rHOMAH     (imj-irsSX      pbyrtdan; 
™   Dawwi,    [q.  ..] :   M-D.  OWjw, 

1T70. 


'.  wsi 


SAWBOIT.  WILLIAll  (1773-1B41),  Wealeyan :  lay 
and  (lioai  lHa7)  itinerant  pieacbar.  [aiT.  329] 

OAT,  ALBXANDBR  (177S-1841X  painter  and  art 
dollar;  lived  at  Rome.  1794.  and  was  detained  by  tbe 

Imparted  Into  Boglaod  many  valuable  piotureft. 

(.IT.  tn) 

DAT,  ALPRED(18lO-lS4»X<nueleal  tbaoriat:  took  a 
mcdleal  deinE  at  HddelberK,  and  praetiaed  honKeopatby 
in  London  ;  publiabed  •  A  Treatlee  on  Hanoony,"  I84e. 
[ilT.  ISO] 


NQBLL  (/.    16M),  n 
.  'Tbe   RiutlLflh  SeoreUrlc  '  (leCter-i  . 
m,  UK)  <  Daplmli  ud  Oblqe '  (truialKted  tr 


(16luf-lflB8).    [Sh-D>tk.] 
(ITVl-lTSg).  KatlHir  of  'Sandtiml  and 
■ "  Corptii  ChrtiM 


mosaic TRdn  F»lil«[iilia,'  IU\,      [ili. 93SJ 


r,  BlOtlARD  (WW  ?-1778).  dlvino  mid 
_  „ ._  „ j^^  ^  Bnitm.'  li... 


DBAN 


829 


DE    OAUS 


OSAJr,  THOMAS  (18Ui  MotlX  moddan ;  omnist  at 
▼arwiek  ami  Oowntry ;  Km.  Doo.  Oxford,  17S1 ;  wrote 
for  OUmixcB^s  *OoT«nor  of  QTpnu,*  170t. 

[xiT.  S60] 
BIAV,  WILLIAM  (d,  1M8X  Boman  oatholio  dlTine : 
frtnnatHl  In  tte  Bnyllui  ooUem,  Rheimi;  Mnt  on  the 
~  lias ;  ezeootel,  1588.  [zIt.  SSO] 


■•▼J. 


bory: 
14M: 
of 
to 


Sib  AITTHONT  (16S87-1731),  shipbaiMer ; 

of  P^i7« :  master  thipwright  at  ^rwich,  1664 : 

Bsrwieh,  1676  and  168S ;  oommiMtoner  of  the 

Iflf :  knighted :  boUt  yachts  for  Loois  XIV,  1676 ; 

"orebam,  1678,  Harwich,  1679  and  1686; 

of  « PimefaiiieUo'  cannon ;  F3J3^  1681. 

[XiT.  361] 

HBNRY  (d,  ISOSX  archbishop  of  Ganter- 

oomBiWor  of  Henrj  VII :  chancellor  of  Ireland, 

Mabop  of  Bangor,  1494;  depaty-govemor 

1486 ;  deputy  and  jostioiary,  1496  ;  built  a  wall 

tbe  &iglish  pale.  1496 ;  retired,  1496 :  reboUt 

OattMdxBl,  1498,  and  Tindicated  ito  right  to  the 

SB ;  keeper  of  the  great  seal,  1600-3 :  aroh- 

oC  OanlBrbary,  1601 ;  chief  commissioner  for  nego- 

oarrlageof  Mazgaret,  daughter  of  Henry  VII, 

lY  «f  SooUand,  1609.  [xiv.  353] 

BICHARD  (1610-165S),  sdmiral  and  general 

stsea;  fwtnmanrled  parliament arttUcry  in  Cornwall,  1 644, 

■■d  at  Haeeby,  1845 :  commanded  right  wing  at  Preston. 

1666;   esilsfsfl  In  frsming  the  *BemoDstFanoe  of   the 

Army,*  1848;  showed  great  energy  as  commissioner  for 

the  trial  of  Olwriss  1, 1649 ;  genual  at  sea,  in  charge  of 

the  CQMK   from  Portsmoath  to  ICUford   Haren,  1649; 

foeght  a«  amjor-geoenl  at  Worcester,  1661 :  commander- 

ta^M  of  tbe  army  in  Scotland,  his  chief  achievement 

Wig  tbe  pacMcstion  of  tbe  highlands,  oy  an  agreement 

vftk  tbe  Marquis  of  Argyll,  1653 ;   Imprisoned  OgUrie, 

luitiam  of  Donnottar  OMtle,  and  Otainger,  a  minister, 

«■  the  cbuge  of  taaTlng  made  away  with  tbe  Scotch 

nislia,  165S:  aesodated  with  Blake  in  the  battle  off 

IWkad,  1651;  paid  great  attenUon  to  the  details  of  the 

adabistratioo  of  tbe  fleet :  killed  in  action  off  Solebay, 

lOi  [xiT.  354] 

OIASB,  THOMAS  (1651-1785),  Boman  catholic 
cdshuiMiialiei ;  MJL  University  OoUege,  Oxford,  1676 ; 
talar  and  feUow,  1684-8;  declared  himself  a  Bomanist, 
UK;  piDoried  at  Obuing  Oroes,  1691 ;  published  a  work 
ttprave  tbai  Lotberwas  noltber  a  catholic  nor  a  pro- 

[xiv.  358] 


SiB  THOMAS  (1793-1871),  builder  and 
iicUtectia(>ork:  m^yorof  Oork,18S0:  knighted,  1830 ; 
derigoed  many  of  the  pabUo  boildings  in  Oork,  the  Vene- 
tltt  addition  to  Trinity  OoUege,  Dublin,  and  t^e  museum 
M  Oxford :  preeident  of  the  Institute  of  Irish  Architects. 

[xir.  259] 
SEAMS,  Sib  THOMAS  KEWBNHAM  n838-1899X 
irvUtact ;  son  of  Sir  Thomas  Deane  (1793-1871)  [q.  ▼.] ; 
fliocstad  at  Bngby  and  Trinity  OoUege,  Dublin ;  B.A., 
IM :  entered  his  fiitber*s  firm,  1850 :  ms  most  important 
works,  tbe  Seienoe  and  Art  Museum  and  the  National 
Library  of   Ireland,  DnbUn,  1885-90:   knighted,  1890; 
tospeetor  of  national  and  andent  monuments.    His  other 
Torks  indode  tbe  (Clarendon  Laboratory  and  Examination 
Sebools  aad  tbe  Pbystologioal  Laboratory  and  Anthropo- 
logical Moseam,  Oxford.  [SuppL  iL  183] 


vrftcr 


Boyal 


WILLIAM  JOHN  (1838-1895X  theological 

:  BuA.  Orid  (Xdkge,  Oxford,  1847 :  M.A.,  1878 ;  or- 

deacon,   1847;   priest,   1849;    rector  of  Sooth 

Lincolnshire,   1858-8,  and  of   Ashen,  Essex, 

:  poblisbed  a  number  of  exegetloal  works. 

[SuppL  U.  134] 
WILLIAM   WOOD  (1835-1878X  architect 
palBtcr:  oasbier  at  tbe  Bank  of  England:   sUrer 
of  tbe  Boyal  Academy,  1844;  associate  of  the 
InsUtote  of  British  Architects,  1848;  relinquished 
arehitectore  in  disappointment,  1856 ;  made  im- 
sketebes  of  arehitectore  and  local  incident  at 
18501,  at  Venice.  1865,  and  In  other  parts  of  Europe ; 
of  tbe  Society  of  Painters  tn  Water-colours, 
18761  [XiT.  860] 

OKAIZ.  JOHN  (1759-1798),  scnlptor :  Mnt  by  the 
king  sad  tbe  B<qral  Academy  to  Bome,  where  be  settled, 
1785 :  imnrlsaoed  by  tbe  oommander  of  tbe  French  troops, 
wkohadbnen  in k>re  with  Deare's  wife,  1798  ;  his  death 
•scribed  tp  tbif  cam^  ^x^v.  361] 


DZA&S,  JOSEPH  (1804  7-18S5X  sculptor ;  nephew  of 
John  Deare  [q.  t.1  ;  exhibited  marble  groups  and  portrait 
busts  at  the  Boyal  Academy,  1836-33.  [xiT.  361] 

DEAB,  Sir  DAVID  (1807-1876X  naval  medical  officer  ; 
educated  at  Bdiobuxgh  University  and  high  school ;  lioen> 
tiate  of  the  College  of  Surgeons,  Edinburgh,  1837  ;  sur- 
geon B.N.,  1836;  served  off  Syria,  subsequently  at 
SebastopoL  1854 ;  inspector-general  of  hospitals  and  fleets, 
1855-73 ;  K.C.B.,  1867.  [xiv.  Ml] 

DXA8,  Sir  GBOBGB  (1804-1887),  Scottish  iodge; 
stodied  law  at  Edinburgh;  caUed  to  tbe  Soottish  bar, 
1838 ;  sheriff  of  Ross  and  Cromarty,  1850-1 ;  toUdtor- 
generaL  1851-3 ;  permanent  lord  ordinary  of  session,  with 
title  of  Lord  Deas,  1863 ;  exchequer  judge,  1858 ;  lord 
commissioner  of  justiciary,  1854 ;  knighted,  1858. 

[XiT.  963] 

DSABE,  WILLIAM  (1758  7-1798X  surgeon ;  stodied 
medicine  at  Paris  and  Dublin ;  profemor  of  surgery.  Sur- 
geons* CoUege,  DubUn,  1786 ;  president,  1789 ;  died  of  an 
internal  wound  under  mysterious  circumstances ;  pub- 
lished medical  works.  [xlv.  363] 

DSA8Y,  RICKABD  (1813-1883).  Irish  judge;  MJL. 
Trinity  OoUege,  DubUn,  1847;  oaUed  to  the  Irish  bar. 
'  1835 ;  queen's  counseU  1849 ;  M.P.,  co.  OMrk,  1855-61 ; 
attorney-general  for  Ireland,  1860;  LL.D.  Dublin,  1860; 
exchequer  baron  in  Ireland,  1861-78 ;  lord  justice  <rf  ap- 
peal, 1878.  [xlv.  363] 

DE  BAAH,  JACOBUS  (1678-1700X  portrait-painter ; 
son  of  Johannes  de  Baan  [q.  v.] ;  born  at  the  Hagns ; 
painted  in  England  portraits  of  WiUiam  III  and  his 
nobUity,  and  in  Italy  pictures  for  the  Grand  Duke  of 
Tuscany ;  died  at  Vienna.  [xiv.  364] 

DE  BAAH  or  OE  BAEH,  JOHANNES  (16SS-1703), 
painter;  bom  at  Haarlem;  director  of  the  Painters* 
Guild  of  St.  Luke  at  the  Hague ;  invited  to  England  by 
Charles  n ;  executed  portraits  of  (Charles  II,  Oatberine  of 
Braganza,  and  the  Duke  of  York,  and,  on  his  retom  to 
Holland,  of  eminent  Dutchmen ;  formed  Louis  XlV*s 
collection  of  Dutch  masters ;  three  times  escaped  being 
assassinated  by  his  rivals.  [xiv.  363] 

DEBBIEQ,  HUGH  (1731-1810X  general ;  cadet-gunner, 
royal  artUlery,  1745 ;  studied  at  Rc^l  MiUtaiy  Academy, 
Woolwich;  engineer  extraordinary  in  Flanders,  1747; 
practitioner  engineer  in  Brabant,  1748  ;  engaged  in  survey 
operations  in  Scotland  and  north  of  England,  1748-51 ; 
sub-engineer  at  Chatham,  1761 :  lieutenant  in  87th  foot, 
1766, and  in  royal  engineers,  1757:  captain-lieotenant,  1758 ; 
served  In  North  America  and  Canada;  captain,  1759; 
chief  engineer  in  Newfoundland,  1765 ;  went  on  secret 
mission  to  examine  seaports  of  France  and  Spain,  1767-8 ; 
brevet-major,  1778 ;  brevet  Ueutenant-colonel,  1777 ;  chief 
engineer  on  staff  of  Jeffrey,  lord  Amherst,  1777;  chief 
engineer  at  Chatham,  1778 ;  had  charge  of  defences  of 
public  build  ings  during  *  no  popery '  riots,  1780  ;  sub- 
director  and  major  in  royal  engineers,  1781 ;  c61onci. 
1783 ;  censured  and  temporarily  deprived  of  rank,  owing 
to  disputes  with  third  Duke  of  Bichmood,  who  was 
master-general  of  ordnance,  1789;  major-general,  1793; 
Ueutenant-general,  1798 ;  general,  1803.    [SuppL  iL  184] 

DSBBETT,  JOHN  (d.  1833%  publisher  and  compiler ; 
compiled  a  *  Peerage  of  England,  Scotland,  and  Iruand,* 
1808,  and  a  *  Baronetage  of  England,'  1808.      [xiv.  364] 


DS  BSZE,  DIRK  or  THEODORE  (1538-1598X  en- 
graver; bom  at  Li^;  engraved  plates  for  Boissard's 
'  Roman  Antiquities,'  and  executed  *  Tbe  Grand  Funeral 
Prooenion  of  Sir  PhUip  Sidney,*  a  series,  1587.  [xiv.  864] 

DE  BKUTV,  THEODORE  (d.  1804X  landscape- 
painter;  bom  in  Switzerland;  exhibited  landscapes  at 
the  Boyal  Academy;  decorated  chapel  at  Greenwich 
Hcspitid  in  monochrome  imitation  of  bas-relief. 

rxlv.  264] 

DE  OAUS,  ISAAC  (/1. 1644),  mnthematlcian :  son  or 
nephew  of  Salomon  de  Caus  [q.  v.]  ;  laid  out  tbe  gardens 
at  WUton  House:  restated  the  hydrauUo  theorems  of 
Salomon  de  Caus,  1644.  [xiv.  265] 

DE  OAUS,  OAULS,  or  CAUX,  SALOMON  (1576- 
16367),  engineer  and  architect;  natire  of  Normandy; 
mathematical  tutor  to  Henry,  prince  of  Wales ;  laid  oat 
gardens  at  Heidelberg  CasUe,  1613 ;  left  the  service  of  the 
deotor  paUtine  to  return  tQ  France,  1638.    Hif  works 


DEOKEB 


830 


BE    GEX 


inolode  *  Institution  Harmonique,'  1616,  and  a  boolc  on  tlie 
motive  power  of  water,  in  which  he  anticipated  tlie 
steam-engine,  1615.  [xiv.  265] 

DECKER,  Sir  MATTHEW  (1679-1749),  writer  on 
trade;  bom  in  Amsterdam ;  settled  in  London,  1702; 
director  of  the  East  India  Company:  M.P.  for  Bishops 
Castle;  sheriff  of  Surrey,  1789;  created  baronet,  1716; 
much  interested  in  landscape  gardening.  In  'Serious  Con- 
siderations on  tlie  High  Duties,*  he  advocated  a  single 
excise  tax  on  all  the  houses  of  Qreat  Britain,  1743.  His 
*  Essay  on  the  Causes  of  the  Decline  of  the  Foreign  Trade  * 
(1744)  adversely  criticised  by  Adam  Smith,     [xiv.  266] 

DEOKEB,  THOMAS  (1670  7-1641  ?).    [See  Dekkek.] 

DEOLAN,  Saint  (yf.  600-660X  bishop  of  Ardmore,  co. 
Waterford ;  became  in  Qaul  possessed  of  the  *(iuibhiu,'  a 
supernatural  gift,  which  was  possibly  a  black  altar-cross  ; 
crossed  to  Ireland  in  a  ship  which  was  miraculously  sup- 
plied to  him ;  founded  church  and  monastery  at  Meath 
and  Ardmore.  [xiv.  267] 

D£  OOETLOOON,  CHABLES  EDWARD  (1746?- 
1880).    [See  Coetloook.] 

DE  OORT,  HENRY  FRANCIS  (Hkndrik  Fraxh) 
(1742-1810),  landscape-painter ;  bom  at  Antwerp ;  secre- 
tary to  the  new  Antwerp  Academy,  1788 ;  exhibited  at 
the  Royal  Academy  from  1790.  [xiv.  268] 

DE  CKITZ,  EMMANUEL  (/f.  1723X  sergeant-painter; 
son  of  John  de  Critz  (d.  1642)  [q.  v.]  ;  painted  scenery  for 
court  masques.  [xiv.  269] 

DE  CBITZ,  JOHN,  the  younger  (/I.  1610),  sergeant- 
painter  ;  son  of  John  de  Critz  (d.  1642)  [q.  v.]  :  sergeant- 
painter  by  reversion,  1610  ;  killed  on  the  royalist  side  at 
Oxford.  [xiv.  269] 

DE  OBITZ,  JOHN  (d.  1642),  sergeant-painter  from 
1606;  native  of  Flanders;  extolled  in  Meres's  'Palladis 
Tamia,'  16u8  ;  painted  portraits  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  Wal- 
slngham,  and  Sir  PhlUp  Sidney ;  repaired  the  royal  barges, 
1631.  [xiv.  268] 

DEOITKAN  or  DEOEHAN,  Saikt  (<f .  706  ?X  Welsh 
hermit ;  miraculously  crowed  the  Bristol  Channel ;  hermit 
near  Dunster  Castle,  Somerset  [zlv.  269] 

DEE,  ARTHUR  (1679-1661), alchemist;  son  of  John 
Dee  [q.  v.]  ;  travelled  In  Germany,  Poland,  and  Bohemia ; 
educated  at  Westminster  School,  1592 ;  cited  before  the  Col- 
lege of  Physicians  as  an  unlicensed  practitioner ;  appointed 
physician  to  the  czar  on  James  I*s  reoommendaUou ; 
author  of  a.Rosicruoian  *■  Fasciculus  Chemicns,*  1631. 

[xiv.  269] 

DEE,  DUNCAN  (1667-1720),  pleader;  educated  at 
Merchant  Taylors*  School  and  St.  John's  College,  Oxford  : 
common  serjeant  of  the  city  of  London,  1700;  defended 
Saoheverell  before  the  House  of  Lords,  1710.    [zlv.  270] 

DEE,  FRANCIS  (d.  1688).  bUhop  of  Peterborough ; 
scholar  of  Merchant  Taylors'  School,  1691;  M.A.  St. 
John's  College,  Cambridge,  1603  ;  D.D.,  1617 ;  chancellor  of 
SaUsburv  Cathedral,  1619 ;  *  assistant'  in  the  foundation 
of  Sion  College,  1630 :  dean  of  Chichester,  1630 ;  bishop  of 
Peterborough,  1634-8 ;  benefactor  of  St.  John's  College, 
Cambridge.  [xiv.  270] 

DEE,  JOHN  (1 527-1 608X  mathematician  and  astro- 
loger ;  B.A.  St.  John's  Collie,  Cambridge,  1546 ;  founda- 
tion-fellow, c.  1646 ;  fellow  of  Trinity  College,  Cambridge, 
where  the  clever  stage  effects  he  introduced  into  a  per- 
formance of  the  *  Peace '  of  Aristophanes  procured  him  his 
life-long  reputation  of  being  amagiciati,  1546  ;  M.A.  Cam- 
bridge, 1548 ;  studied  at  Louvain,  1648 :  lectured  at  Paris 
on  Euclid,  1550;  rector  of  Upton-upon-Scvem,  1663; 
acquitted  by  the  Star-chamber  when  accused  of  practis- 
ing sorcery  against  Queen  Mary's  life,  but  put  under 
the  surveillance  of  Bishop  Bonner  as  a  possible  heretic ; 
suggested  to  Queen  Mary  the  formation  of  a  royal  library 
of  ancient  manuscripts,  1556;  acquired  at  Antwerp 
(c  1662)a  manuscript  of  Trithemius's  * Stegauographia ' ; 
visited  Venice,  1563 ;  made  a  voyage  to  St.  Helena ;  tra- 
velled to  Hungary  to  present  his  *  Monas  Hleroglypblca ' 
to  Maximilian  U,  1563 ;  explained  the  appearance  of  a 
new  star,  1672 ;  descrit>ed  his  magic  glass  to  Queen  Eliza- 
beth, 1576 ;  sent  to  Germany  to  consult  physicians  on  the 
queen's  health,  1578;  drew  up  hydrographlcal  and  geo- 
graphical description  of  newly  diaoovered  coontries  for 


Queen  Elizabeth,  at>her  request,  1680 ;  made  < 
to  facilitate  adoption  in  England  of  Qregory  XIITf 
dar,  1583 ;  practised  orystallomancy  in  oonjunctlon  with 
Alttert  Laski,  palatine  of  Siradz,  1584 ;  went  to  Pngos 
and  had  intervicMrs  with  the  Emperor  Rod(^i^  II,  UM^ 
and  Stephen  of  Poland,  1685 ;  compelled  to  leare  Pragot 
by  representations  of  Bishop  of  Piaoenza,  16M ;  head  oC  a 
small  confraternity,  which  dissolved  in  1689,  for  wntlnt 
the  philosopher's  stone  and  invoking  the  angds ;  waxdsB 
of  Manchester  College,  1696-1604 ;  fruitleiBly  petitiODBd 
James  I  to  be  formally  cleared  of  the  Imputation  of  bilnf 
a  magician,  1604.  Among  his  nnmeroos  works  ware  *  Dc 
Trigone,*  1665, '  Navigationis  ad  Catbayam  .  .  driiDWitio 
Hydrographica,'  1580,  and  a '  Treatise  of  the  Rosie  Omoiaa 
Secrets.'  [xir.  STl] 

DEEBINO.  GEORGE  CHARLES  (1696?-1749X 
botanist ;  native  of  Saxony  ;  secretary  to  Baron  Bcbaoli; 
Russian  envoy  extraordinary  to  Queen  Anm^  171S; 
graduated  at  Rheims  and  L^yden,  1718;  membiar  «f 
Dillenius  and  Martyn's  English  Botanical  Society,  1791 ; 
gave  up  medicine  and  enlisted  as  an  ensign  in  tbe  Not- 
tingham foot  regrlment,  1746.  [xIt.  t79] 

DEERINO,  formerly  Gakdt,  JOHN  PETBR  (1787- 
1860),  architect;  travelled  hi  Greece,  1811-18:  ILP.., 
Aylesbury ;  R.A.,  1838 ;  high  sheriff  of  Baokinghanidiin\ 
1840 ;  designed  numerous  public  buildings  in  London,  and 
published  the  *  Rural  Architect,'  1806,  also  assisting  Or 
WlUiam  GeU  [q.  v.]  in  '  Pompeiana,'  1817-19.  [xIt.  MO] 

DEFOE,  DANIEL  (1661?-1731>  joomalist  and 
novelist;  changed  his  name  from  Foe  to  Defoe, e.  1708; 
hose  factor,  1685;  joined  Monmouth's  rebfWon,  1681; 
joined  William  Ill's  army,  1688 ;  accountant  to  the  oodh 
missionen  of  the  glass  duty,  1696-9 ;  published  an  *  Baty 
upon  Projects,'  1698;  advocated  war  with  France  in  *Tbt 
Two  Great  Questions  considered,'  1700;  pobllabed  *The 
True-bom  Englishman,  a  Satyr,'  1701  ;  wrote  *Ths 
Original  Power  of  the  Collective  Body  of  tbe  Feeble  of 
England  examined  and  asserted '  in  approval  of  the  Ubsn* 
tion  of  the  lately  imprisoned  '  Kentish  petitioners,*  1701; 
wrote  tbe  *Mock  Mourners,*  a  lament  for  William  IH, 
1702 ;  published  (1702) '  The  Shortest  Way  with  the  DisBeo- 
ters,'  a  satiric  pamphlet  which  was  designed  to  teach  bi^ 
churchmen  the  logical  result  of  suppressing  the  privikgs 
of  *  occasional  conformity,*  and  for  which  be  was  fined, 
imprisoned,  and  pilloried  while  the  people  drank  Ui 
health,  1703  ;  composed  a  ' Hymn  to  the  Pillory';  started 
the  *  Review '  (suppressed  1713)  during  his  imprisMUDBeni, 
1704 ;  sent  into  Scotland  on  a  secret  mia^on  by  the 
government,  1706 ;  published  *  Jure  Divino,*  a  long  poli- 
tical satire,  1706 ;  published  a  'Hlstoiy  of  the  Union  with 
Scotland,'  JL709 ;  supported  MarlbOTongh  and  GodolpliiB 
against  the  growing  discontent  with  the  French  war; 
defended  Sacbevereirs  Impeachment  in  tbe  *  Review'; 
wrote  in  Harley's  interest,  1710 ;  wrote  in  faroor  ai  peace 
with  France :  ooutributed  to  the  *  Mercator,*  a  joomal  of 
economics,  1713 ;  anti-Jacobite  pamphleteer,  1712-18 ;  |H0> 
secnted  by  the  whigs  for  treasonable  publications,  1713 ; 
condemned,  but  pardoned  under  the  great  seal,  1718 ;  pab- 
llshed  his  *  App^l  to  Honour  and  Justice,*  an  apotogeUc, 
1716 :  convicted  (1715)  of  libelling  Lord  Anned^,  BoUng- 
broke's  emi»^ry  to  Ireland:  escaped  pnnishment  bj 
favour  of  Lord  Townshend,  secretary  of  state ;  pubUshsd 

*  History  of   the  Wars  of  Charles  XIT,'  1716;   started 

*  Mercnrius  Politicus,'  a  monthly  paper  In  the  servioe  at 
the  government,  1716 ;  redactor  of  '  Mist's  Jommal,*  a 
Jacobite  organ,  1717-24 ;  published  the  first  v<dume  ct  his 
best'known  work,  *  Robiixson  Crusoe,'  1719,  and  *  8erioa> 
Reflections  during  the  life  ...  of  Robinson  Orosoe,'  a 
sequel,  1720,  both  widely  pirated ;  published  *  The  Anatomy 
of  Exchange  Alley,'  an  attack  on  stockjobbers,  and  the 
'  Chimera,'  1720 ;  published  *  Captain  Singleton,  17S0,  *  MoU 
Flanders'  and  *  Colonel  Jacque,*  1722,  amd  *Bozaiia,' 
1724 ;  author  of  'Journal  of  the  Plagoe  Tear,'  17iS,  and  a 
'  New  Voyage  Round  the  World,'  1726,  two  works  oi  fic- 
tion ;  produced  didactic  works,  as  well  as  books  of  valgar 
supematuralism  and  economic  and  social  pamplitata: 
adopted  peendon>in  of  Andrew  Morton,  1726  ;  l)eoaaBe 
acquainted  with  Henry  Baker  ri698-1774)  [q.  v.],  who 
married  his  daughter,  Sophia  Defoe,  1729,  but  apparently 
quarrelled  with  him  later ;  published  over  260  woiicB. 

[xiv.  S80] 
DE    OEZ,   Sir    JOHN    PETER    (1809-1887X    law 
reporter ;  M.A.  Jesus  College,  Cambridge,  1884 :  barrisror 
of  Lincoln's  Inn,  1836 ;  published  a  volume  of  *  Oases  in 


DEGhGE 


381 


DELANY 


SuAnp^/  reported  bj  himself  IMS ;  reprotonted  the 

^mtut  against  the  decision  of  the  bankrnptoy  ooort 

^  the  Dake  of  Newcastle  was  exempt  from  the  law 

^itakraptaj,  18<9 ;  treasurer  of  Lincoln's  Inn,  188S ; 

IDdS.  [xiv.  298] 


.  Sir  SIMON  (1612-1704X  author  of  the  *  Par- 

'^^BGoaaaelkK'';  barrister.  Inner  Temple,  1653;  jiutice 

Of  the  Welsh  marches,  166S ;  knighted,  1669 ;  bencher  of 

t&e  Inner  Temple,  1669 :  high  sheriff  of  Derbydhire,  1673 : 

PQbbitaed  the  *  F^rsoo's  Ooonsellor  and  Law  of  Titheo,' 

167S.  [xiv.  293] 

'.    [See  aRET.] 


or  D'HEEEE,  LUOAS  (1584-1684), 
poet :  bom  at  Qbent ;  adopted  uie  reformed 
ligtcsi ;  set  np  a  school  of  painting  at  Qhent,  and  became 
»  member  of  the  Chamber  of  Rhetoric ;  pablished  *De 
Hal  en  Boomgaerd  der  Poesien,'  1666;  banished,  1568: 
liTed  in  Bnginad,  1568-77 :  painted  in  England  some  por- 
cniti,  iTtriiMJing  f  1M4)  one  of  Queen  Mary,  and  an  alle- 
SOriaal  pictmre  ox  Queen  Elizabeth,  1569 ;  employed  in 
monl  deooratioo  :  designed  the  pageants  at  the  entry  of 
xfae  Ftinoe  €i  Qnnge  into  Ghent,  1577.  [xiv.  S94] 

1XEZIXILA  or  SEIOOLUS,  Saixt  (d.  685);  attended 

SL  Obtambanus  feu:  a  time  in  Bai^t  Anglia  and  France, 

9S0,  aa  one  of  the  twelve  companions;    founded,  and 

ilaioed  under  papal  protection,  a  monastery  at  Lnthra 

(\jat).  [xiv.  295] 

OKinDL,  Sadit  (d.  584  ?).    [See  Daniel.] 


I,  LAURENCE  (/.  1607),  divine :  feUow  of  St. 
Mnl  OoUece,  Oambri'  ^e,  1578 :  M^A^  1576 ;  B.D.,  1583 ; 
Hdnw  lectmer  and  junior  dean  of  St.  John's  College ; 
leBtor  of  last  Horatey,  Surrey,  1590-1.  [xiv.  296] 


miSA,  Kings  of.     [See  JElla.  d.  588;   Edwin, 
WM» :  Obri€,  d,  684 ;  Oswuf,  J.  651.] 


,    WELLLAM   (1647-1692?).    painter; 

■liie  of  Antwerp,  where  he  painted  altar-pieces ;  tried 
u  fartane  in  Kwgii^n*! ;  his  prospects  ruined  by  the  over- 
ihnvof  his  patron,  James  U.  [xiv.  296] 

«  THOMAS  (1570  7-1641  ?X  dramaU:<t  and 
"  by  Philip  Henalowe  to  write  plays 


(OMrt  of  which  are  tx>w  lostX  in  collaboration  with  Dray- 

tai,  Bin  Jonson,  Day,  and  many  others  ;  published  in  16U0 

'IbePletfantOomedieof  Fortunatus':  ridiculed  in  Ben 

r,'  1601,  on  which  he  retorted  in  the 

/  1602;  wrote  'The  Batchelora  Banquet,* 

atact  foondfld  on  '  Lea  Qnhize  Joyes  de  Marioge,'  1608 ; 

pofattsfaed  *Tbe  Seoea  deadly  Sinnee  of  London,*  au«l 

'XnpBs  from  HeU,'  an  imitation  of  Nash,  1606 ;    wrote 

'Tbe  Beiman  of  London,*  a  social  satire,  1608 ;  pnb1if>bc<l 

'Ibe  Gnls  Honiebooke,*  1609,  and  *  Fowre  Birdfi  of  Noahs 

Ada;*  a  prose  devotional  work,  1609 ;  collaborated  with 

XiUleton  in  *  Roaring  GirV  1611,  and  Massinger  in  *  The 

ViigiB  Martyr,'  1622 ;  published '  Match  Moe  in  London,' 

« tngl-oaaiedy,  16S1 ;  composed  the  lyrical  passages  of 

fbed^* Son's  Darting*  (published  1656)  and,  with  Ford 

tad  Bowley,  prodnced  *  Witch  of  Edmonton*  (pablinhed 

1158).    BSa  dzamatic  works  were  collected  by  Mr.  II.  H. 

atefdierd  in  1873,  and  his  mi}<cellaneous  works  by  Dr. 

Qnmit  in '  Tbe  Hath  Library.'  [xiv.  297] 

HSUUJT.    [SeeLACT.] 


ALEXANDER  (Jl.  1654-1683),  Mng- 
qoaker,  1664;  composed  eong  dealing  with 
MoRkton's  trial,  1677.  [xiv.  301] 


[*▼.] 


RICHARD,  the  elder  (yf.  1681),  matlie-  | 

;  tutor  to  (^luuies  I  in  matiiematics ;  chief  work, 
or  the  >Uthematicall  Ring,'  1681. 

[xiv.  :wi] 

J,   RICHARD,  the  younger  (Jf.  1654), 

tjH«i;    goo  of   Richard    Dclamaine  (./f.   1631) 
;  poblifehed  compntation  of  rates  due  on  lands  in 
IMl ;  preacher,  1648 ;  helped  to  defenfi  Hereford 
tlie  ro]fulista.  [xiv.  301] 


HI  £▲  XASE,  Sir  PBTER  (>r.  1370),  8(>Guker  of  the 
House  of  Oommons ;  knight  of  the  shire  for  Hereford 
aikl  speaker  erf  the  Commons  in  the  Good  parliament, 
U76 :  imprisooed  at  Nottingham  by  the  influence  of  the 
Daie  of  Laneaster.  1376-7;  M.P.,  Herefordshire,  1377; 

i:n  ^HMaker,  1877.  [xiv.  301] 


OELAMER  or  OE  LA  KER,  Baronb.  [See  Booth, 
Gkorgr,  first  Baro.v,  1622-1684 ;  Booth,  Hgnrt,  second 
Baron,  1652-1694 ;  Booth,  Gboroe,  third  Baron,  1675- 
1758.] 

DE  LA  KOTTE,  FREEMAN  GAGE  (d.  1862).  author 
of  works  on  alphabets  and  illiiminutiou ;  son  of  William 
de  la  Motte  [q.  v.] ;  friend  of  Turner.  [xiv.  303] 

DE  LA  KOTTE,  PHILIP  (d.  1805),  lieutenant-colonel 
and  (1803)aathor  of  a  work  ou  British  heraldry  :  cousin  of 
William  de  la  Motte  [q.  v.]  [xiv.  308] 

DE  LA  KOTTE,  WILLIAM  (1775-1868X  painter ;  by 
descent  a  Hogneuot  refugee ;  contributed  landscapes,  sea- 
scenes,  and  architectural  pictures  to  the  Royal  Academy 
exhibitions,  1796-1848 ;  '  fellow  exhibitor  *  of  the  Waier- 
Colour  Society,  exhibiting  in  1806,  1807,  and  1808;  pub- 
lished 'Thirty  Etchings  of  Rural  Subjects,'  1816. 

[xiv.  302] 

DE  LAKCTEY,  OUVBR,  the  elder  (1749-1822X  gene- 
ral ;  descended  from  a  Huguenot  family,  which  had 
emigrated  to  America ;  lieutenant,  14th  dragoons,  1770  ; 
captain,  17th  dragoon:*,  1773 ;  brigadier-general  of  Ameri- 
can loyalists,  1774 ;  fought  at  Brooklyn  and  White  Plains, 
1776 ;  present  at  tlie  surrender  of  Charleston,  1781 ; 
lieutenant-colonel,  17th  dragoons,  1781 ;  major-general, 
1794;  M.P.,  Maidstone,  1796-1802;  removed,  in  con- 
sequence of  cnliwble  carelessness  in  the  keeping  of  his 
accounts  as  barruck-mudter,  1804;  general,  18l2. 

[xiv.  808] 

DE  LANC^Y,  OLIVER,  the  younger  (1808-1887X 
Chiistiuist  officer;  son  of  uliver  de  Lanoey  the  elder 
[q.  v.]  ;  second  lieutenant,  COth  rifles,  1818 ;  aide-de-camp 
to  Lieutenant-general  Sir  Charles  Colville,  G.C.B.,  at  Bom- 
bay, 1821 ;  captain.  1829 ;  relieved  Santander,  1835 ;  de- 
puty adjutant-general  to  the  letrion  ;  killed  wliile  repelling 
Carlist  attack  on  San  Sebastian,  1837.  [xiv.  304] 

DELAKGEY,Sir  WILLIAM  HOWE(</.  1816),  colonel, 
quartermaster-general's  staff  :  bom  of  a  Huguenot  family 
at  New  York ;  lieutenant,  16th  light  dragoons,  1793 ; 
served  in  East  Indies,  1795  ;  fought  in  Spain  as  assistant 
quartermaster-general  and  deputy  quartermaster-general, 
1809-14 ;  present  at  capture  of  Ciudad  ilodrigo,  1811,  and 
battie  of  Vittoria,  1818  ;  K.C.B. ;  killed  at  Waterloo,  1815. 

[xiv.  804] 

DELAITE,  DtlNNIS  (d.  1760X  Irish  actor;  educated 
at  Trinity  College,  Dublin  ;  appeared  first  at  the  Smock 
Alley  Theatre,  Dublin,  1728;  appeared  at  Goodman's 
Fidds  as  Chamont  in  the  *  Orphan,'  1730  ;  played  Alexan- 
der, Antony,  Palstaff,  Volpone,  and  other  characters  of 
Elizabethan  drama  at  Covent  Garden,  1735  ;  engaged  at 
Drurv  Lane,  1741 ;  created  Mahomet  in  Miller's  adapta- 
tion from  Voltaire,  1744 ;  resented  the  hostility  of  Gar- 
rick,  and  returned  to  (7oveut  Ganlen,  1748.      [xiv.  306] 

DELANE,  JOHN  THADEUS  (1817-1879),  editor  of 
the  '  TimcK  * ;  educated  at  Kiui^'s  College,  Loudon,  and 
Magdalen  Hall,  Oxford  ;  BJ^.,  1839  ;  barrister  of  Middle 
Temple,  1847 ;  alitor  of  the  *  Times,'  1841-77 :  organised 
a  special  'Times'  exprcsH  from  Alexandria  to  London, 
1845 ;  published  information  which  compelled  Lord 
Palmerston  to  apologise  to  the  Keapolitanj^vemment  for 
Ojeisting  insurgents,  1K49 ;  attacked  the  government  for 
neglecting  Crimean  commiF^Hariat :  prevented  the  guvem- 
ment  &om  assisting  Denmark,  1864.  [xiv.  306] 

DSLANE,  SOLOMON  (1727-1784  ?X  landscape- 
painter  ;  settled  at  Rome,  where  he  painted  two  land- 
scapes for  the  Royal  Academy  exhibition,  1771 ;  re- 
turned to  England,  1782.  [xiv.  308] 

DELAHY,  MARY  (17(K)-1788),  friend  of  Swift;  n^ 
Granville;  married,  firstly,  against  her  will  to  one 
Alexander  Pendarves,  of  Uoi<orow,  Cornwall,  1718 ;  married, 
secondly,  Patrick  Delany,  1743 :  inveute«l  'flower  mosaic,' 
1774 ;  corresponded  with  .Swift  and  introduced  Miss 
Bumey,  the  novelist,  at  court.  [xiv.  308] 

DELABY,  PATRICK  (1CH5?-1768),  divme;  senior 
fellow  and  tutor.  Trinity  College,  Dublin;  an  Intimat* 
friend  of  Sheridon  and  Swift,  the  latter  styling  him '  the 
most  eminent  preaclier  we  have ' ;  nuulc  chancellor  of 
Christ  Church  Cath«lral  by  Lord  Carteret,  1727 ;  chan- 
cellor of  St.  Patrick's,  1730:  »tart«l  the  'Tribune,'  a 
periodical,  1738 :  appointed  to  the  denuery  of  Down  by 
the  influence  of  hia  wife,  Marj-  IX-'lauy  [q.  v.],  174-1; 


DBIiAF 


882 


DEIiUO 


pnbliBbed  'Berdatlons  examined  with  Oaudoar/  1733, 
1784,  and  1786,*  Refleotions  apoo  Polygamy;  1788,  and  a 
defence  of  Swift  against  Lord  Orrery,  1754.     [ziv.  810] 

DELAP,  JOHN  (17S5-1812),  poet  and  dramatist: 
educated  at  Trinity  and  Magdalene  OoUeges,  Oambridge ; 
fellow  of  Magdalene,  1748 ;  MJl.,  1760 :  D.D^  1768 ;  in- 
combent  of  Iford  and  Kingston,  Sussex,  1766-1818,  of 
Woollavington,  Sussex,  1774-1813 ;  wrote  mediocre  tra- 
gedies forThury  Lane  and  elegies.  [xiv.  311] 

BE  LA  POLE.    [See  Pous.] 

DELAEAK,  FRANOIS  (d.  1687),  engraver ;  engraved 
portraits  of  Todor  notabilities.  [xiv.  318] 

DE  LA  EXrS,  THOMAS (1798-1866),  printer;  native 
of  Quemsey ;  founded  firm  in  card  and  ornamental  paper 
trade  in  London:  chevalier  of  the  Legion  of  Honour, 
1866.  [xiv.  SIS] 

DE  LA  BTTE,  WARREN  (1816-1889X  inventor ;  son 
of  Thomas  De  la  Rue  [q.  v.] ;  bom  at  Guernsey ;  educated 
in  Paris:  entered  his  father's  printing  firm;  studied 
science;  F.R.S.,  1860;  invented  first  envelope-making 
machine,  1861 ;  formed  friendship  with  Wilhelm  Hofmann 
(1818-1893) ;  erected,  c  1860,  observatory  at  Oanonbury, 
which  was  removed  to  Cranford,  Middlesex,  1867  ;  emi- 
nent in  celestial  photography ;  devised  '  Kew  heliograph  * 
for  taking  daily  photographs  of  sun,  1868 :  directed  ex- 
pedition to  observe  solar  eclipse  at  RlvabeUoea,  Spain, 
1860 :  observed  sun  spots  with  Balfour  Stewart  [q.  v.] 
and  Mr.  Benjamin  Loewy,  1863;  engaged  in  chemical 
researches,  with  Dr.  Hugo  Mttller,  on  Rangoon  tar  and 
glyceric  acid  (1869X  terephtbalic  add  (1861),  and  on 
dectric  discharge  through  gases.  1868-83 ;  received  gold 
medals  from  Astronomioal  (1863)  and  Royal  societies 
(1864):  D.C.L.  Oxford;  original  member  of  Chemical 
Society  and  president,  1867-9,  and  1879-80 ;  president. 
Royal  Astronomical  Society,  1864-6  ;  published  scientific 
papers.  [xlix.  887] 

DELATRE  or  DELATTEE,  JEAN  MARIE  (1746- 
1840X  engraver ;  bom  at  Abbeville :  assistant  to  Barto- 
lonL  [xiv.  313] 

BELAUHE  or  DELAWEE,  GIDEON  (1666  7-1669X 
apothecary ;  son  of  William  Delaune((l.  1610)  [q.  v.]  ;  bom 
atRheims;  apothecary  to  Anne  of  Denmark,  queen  of 
James  I ;  worked  for  incorporation  of  Apothecaries*  Com- 
pany ;  inventor  of  Delaune's  pills.  [xiv.  313] 

DELAUHE,  PAUL  (1684  ?-1664?X  physician  ;  MJL. 
Enunanuel  College,  Cambridge,  1610 ;  M.D.  Padua,  1614, 
Cambridge,  1616 ;  senior  censor  of  the  College  of  Phy- 
Bidans,  1648 ;  professor  of  physio  in  Gresham  CoUege, 
1643-63 ;  went  to  Hispaniola  and  Jamaica  as  physician- 
general  to  Cromwell's  fleet.  [xiv.  314] 

DELAUHE,  THOMAS  (d.  1686X  nonconformist 
writer;  ctmverted  to  protestantism  when  clerk  to  t^e 
proprietor  of  a  pilchard  fishery  near  Kinsale ;  imprisoned 
ror  libd  on  account  of  his  *  Plea  for  the  Nonconformists,* 
1688 :  died  in  Newgate,  1686.  [xiv.  816] 

DELAXniE,  WILLIAM  (d.  1610X  divine  and  physi- 
cian ;  native  of  Prance^  where  he  became  a  protestant 
minister;  studied  medicine  at  Paris  and  Mimtpellier ; 
Huguenot  refugee  in  England ;  L.R.C.P.,  1683 ;  epitomised 
Calvin's  •InsUtuUons,'  1688.  [xiv.  316] 

DELAUHE,  WILLIAM  (1669-17S8X  president  of  St. 
John's  College,  Oxford ;  educated  at  Merchant  Taylors' 
and  St  John*s  College,  Oxford ;  M.A.,  1683 ;  D.D.,  1697; 
president  of  St.  John's,  1698-1738 ;  cancm  of  Winchester, 
1701 :  vioe-chanceUor  of  Oxford,  1703-6 ;  accused  of  em- 
bezzling university  funds  ;  Margaret  lecturer  in  divinity, 
1716 ;  one  of  Queen  Anne's  chaplains.  [xiv.  316] 

DELAYAL,  EDWARD  HUSSEY  (1739-1814X  chemist ; 
M.A.  and  fellow  of  Pembroke  HaU,  Cambridge:  FJRJS^ 
1769 :  gold  medallist  of  the  Royal  Society ;  manufactured 
the  completest  set  of  musical  glasses  then  known  in  Eng- 
land ;  chief  work,  *  The  Cause  of  Changes  in  Opaque  and 
Coloured  Bodies,'  1777.  [xiv.  816] 

DELAYALL,  Sir  RALPH  (<#.  1707%  admiral ;  com- 
mander of  the  York,  1688 ;  vice-admiral  of  the  blue,  1690 ; 
knighted,  1690;  commanded  the  rear  squadron  in  the 
battle  of  Beaohy  Head,  1690;  as  presideDt  of  theooort- 


martlal  acquitted  Lord  Torrington  of  riiiitMiiiw  in  tliaft 
action;  vice-admiral  of  the  red  sqaadron  at  Barflsnr, 
1693 ;  as  Jacobite  removed  from  command,  1888 ;  MP., 
Great  Bedwin,  1696-8.  [zIt.  817] 

DE  LA  WABB,  Eablb  of.  [See  Wrst,  Jomi,  fnt 
'■  Earl,  1698-1766 ;  wdt.  Sir  Charlsb  Richard  Sage- 
!  VILLR-,  Sixth  Earl,  1816-1873.] 

DE  LA  WABB,  Barons  of.  [See  Wkbt,  Sir  Thomii; 
ninth  Baron,  1473  7-1664 ;  Webt,  Thomas,  tbiid  or 
twelfth  Baron,  1677-1618 ;  Wrbt,  John,  sixth  Baroi; 
1693-1766 ;  West,  Sir  Charles  Richard  Backtiu*^ 
twelfth  Baron,  1816-1878.] 


JOSEPH  OCTAYE  (180S-1879X 
author  and  antiquary :  bom  at  Brages ;  doctor  of  hw 
of  Ghent;  avocat,  and  *arohiviste  de  la  Flandie  Ood- 
dentale,*  in  Bruges ;  visited  England,  1848 ;  Bdgian  ooMd, 
1849 ;  Belgian  secretary  of  legation :  P.R.A. ;  pnbUilMi, 

*  Chroniquea,  traditions,  &C.,  de  Tancienne  histoixe  dii 
Flamands,'  1834,  •  Macaron^ana,*  1858,  *  A  Sketch  of  tli 
History  of  Plemish  Literature,*  I860,  and  other  woriti. 

[ziv.Siq 
DE  LISLE,  AMBROSE  LISLE  MARCH  PHILLnn 
(1809-1878X  Roman  catholic  writer ;  converted  to  Bans 
Catholicism,  1834 ;  entered  Trinity  College,  GambfUf^ 
1836 :  gave  330  acres  of  land  in  Chamwood  Fonrt  Is 
found  a  Cisteroian  monastery,  1836;  xeoeiTed  hibil 
of  Third  Order  of  St.  Dominic,  at  Rome,  1887;  prii- 
cipal  founder  of  the  *  Association  for  the  PromotloB  if 
the  Unity  of  Christendom,*  1867 ;  high  sheriff  of  Lelea- 
tershire,  1868;  published  theologioal  works,    [ziv.  SH] 

DE  LISLE,  RUDOLPH  EDWARD  LISLE  MABGH 
PHILLIPFS  (1868-1886X  sub-lieutenant  in  the  navy ;  sos 
of  Ambrose  de  Lisle  [q.  v.] ;  killed  at  Abu  Klea,  188L 

[xiv.  811] 

DELL,  HENRY  (Ji.  1766X  bookseUer;  aotfaor  «r 
adapter  of  four  plays  and  (1766)  of  a  poem  oaUed  *Thi 
Bookseller.'  [xiv.  SSS] 

DELL,  JONAS  (d.  1666X  qoaker ;  served  in  the  p■^ 
liamentaiy  army ;  styled  *  the  quaking  soldier  * ;  pnbUBBd 
theological  polemics.  [zlT.  888] 

DELL,  THOMAS  (17407-1780).    [SeeHALM.] 

DELL,  WILLIAM  (d.  1664X  master  of  QonviOsand 
Caius  College,  Cambridge ;  fdlow  of  Emmanuel  Oaik|i. 
Cambridge ;  M  JL.,  1681 ;  secretary  to  Land ;  mastsr  of 
Caius,  1649-60 ;  declaimed  against  *  the  gospel  of  ObzM 
understood  according  to  Aristotle,'  1668 ;  fjeotid  froai  his 
living  of  Yelden,  Bedfordshire,  1668;  aaticipatid  tbi 
univosity  extension  movement  in  his  *  Bight  Beioma* 
Uon  of  Learning,  Schools,  and  Universities.*    [ziv.  S83] 

DELMABUB,  C^ESAB  1  (d.  1669).  [See  C^iAR 
Adbluarb.] 

DE  LOLHE,  JOHN  LOUIS  (1740  f-1807X  write  on 
the  BngUsh  constitution ;  bom  at  Gkneva ;  came  to 
land,  1769;  published  *The  Constltotion  of 
(first  English  edition,  1776X  the  theory  of  whiofa  led 
D*Israelito  call  its  author* the  English  Montesqredea * ; 
subsequently  member  of  the  Gteneva  Council  <rf  Two 
Hundred,  and  sous-prefet  under  Napoleon ;  pubUahed  sIsd 
*The  History  of  the  Flagellants,*  adapted  from  the  AbM 
Boileau,  1777,  *  The  British  Empire  in  Europe,'  1787,  and 
other  works.  [xIt.  8Si] 

DELOITBT,  THOMAS  (1643  ?-1607  ?X  baUad  writer 
and  pamphleteer ;  by  trade  a  silk- weaver ;  author  of 
ballads  and  broadsides  (three  on  the  Spanish  ArsMda, 
1688):  coUectcd  ballads  in  'Garland  of  Good  Will.*  1804, 
and  *  Strange  Histories,'  before  1607.  [xiv.  887] 

DELOBAINE,  first  Earl  of  (1676-1780).  [See 
Scott,  Hknry.] 

DELPINI,  CARLO  ANTONIO  (tf.  1888X  MBto- 
mimist  and  scene-mechanician  at  Drnry  Lane  (1774X 
Covent  Garden,  and  the  Haymarket ;  acted  afterwards  in 

*  Robinson  Crusoe,'  *Don  Juan,'  and  the  *Deseitar   ol 
Naples ' ;  stage  manager  at  the  opera.  [xir.  888] 

DELUO,  JEAN  ANDRE  (1737-1817),  geologist  and 
meteorologist ;  native  of  Geneva :  member  <rf  the  Oooneil 
of  Two  Hundred,  1770 ;  settled  in  England,  1778 ;  reader 
to  Qoeen  Charlotte:    F.SLA.;    hononxy  iiinftsws    sC 


■nrwtny:  nabUilied  'Baooa  Uj 
il  Tnnli.'^  im,  anil  u 'Intro- 
THtn,'  Itoy  [xtT.  ua] 

nXTAVX.      LAURENT     (HM-U7e).     Molpwr ! 

■ '  f^i  — .  -  -»Tjiial  Ht  Kome,  1728;  ciilid  soulptar  tu 

Muie   BliubeUi    uul   tbc   BmpRtii 
0:  chief  Bcolptor  u>  ChaiLs,  doki^aE 

uduiWtVdlal'at  NiTcUo.  [ilT.  ID] 

DXLnV,  BiiiOKB.  [Stt  KuoKST,  Bib  Rrcmnn, 
imUi  Bum,  <f.  KWir;  Ncscrr.  Riuuikd,  tweirUi 
Buoi,  A  Un  7  :  NiTaraT,eritOiniiBTc>piiBii.fDDrI«htb 
SaiuB,    Itu-iSM:   KcsE-TT,  8iR   Ali^HAKn,  aricmlU 


BZMAIKXXAr,    BTBFEBN 
TBIBOtniKT  (ITtO-lBM).  utno 
Okoka  Trtboodct  DanlDtm;  [q.    .. .  - 
CWlKK  OUbrd.  ms-N;  B.D^  1T93:  uti 

H^n,  miutiln.  I7M-I8M. 

kVB,    BOBBBT    (1SI>7- 1871),    bicgraphlail 
LA.taii^iiirBl'  " ■-- ' ■ .■— ^u- 


bU  Bn^Ufh  owmy,  to  whdm  Ik 
dtad  b»  (k  CDort  of  irtiltntlD 
trrtaD  yui :   dlsi  it  BdU)VI 


(pcinltd  nt3-i). 


ort,  ud  wTot*  •  HlJtorU 

Subllibcd  ISV),  'Da  Ku 
so  Ruloblognpliy. 


:  kaliTblal  bf 

OlKikLUn.  wv 


tnsUier*.  IBIJ  ;  nrU  Uentaunt,  II 
rloo  nHdil,  1811 :  nlimtKnil  lonpim 
tn  TlmbDiitca  utA  Iha  nortli  csut  of 
ad  tbe  Tibn  Doiart  ud  nubM  Knkm, 
[i  Intir-lilbsJ  TiTfuc,  int;  pHttalJi 
lad.  1931 :  npchiiUiidaat  of  UbcnlHl 
vat  oout,  tbf  poit   bring   ipkUUt 


[If 


,  OAXPBBLL  OBBIQ  (1811-ierO), 
ana ;  toottair  «(  Aocnita  it  IfoTgui  [q.  >.] :  (diust«l 
It  OitTaAT  CoUiBC,  UDdm,  u>J  it  the  UidiUnei  Hoa- 
«■];  KBiMD  to  tha  Hiddlaei  Hoiplt^ :  ¥££. ;  pn>- 
^vatuUuT,  ISM:  pnbUibid  worii  on  the 'OrlKln 
ifOuev.'Un.  [ilT.IU] 

nUDIUK.    OBOROB  (17U-1B1B).  igricultorlit; 
-*~-*-1  K  HlDborih  ud  BC  Andnwi :  iseniber  d[  the 
M,  iru ;  H.F,  Forftii  and  Fife  barghs, 
dI  at.  Udrm,  1780  ;  director  of  the 


.0(0bUTl0B,17  _  _      _    _   _ 

,   ntnnitaig  to  Bdhiburgii  In  ITtt.    HH 

Inquiry  Into  the  Pnnoiplit  of  FoUtial 

'"    — '"-    'rom   the  RaudpotsI  nl  Ibe 

.  Qnt  EyelanAtlf  ripoAitlon  of 

Ii^glish.  [liT.  Mil 

,MlRjAMEH8TKDART.tb«J0 

IStSX  genenl ;  nn  of   Sir  Jbdu*  Stnurt 

-'■■-   ■-    -■-    -ipiiln    iMth  rojil  hlghUnden,  H 

iatbdn«aon>,177«;  aoooodedMb 

net  of  ColioMg  ud  Wat  Bbleldi,  1780 ;  ILF^LuuitAin, 
1781-1801 :  cDlood,  1789 :  orguiaed  ngliiMnU  of  loiaUilt 
,Tit1ryhiB«iUuid,178t;  loeal  UeDtaiut4iwniltD  UoD- 

'     ■  "■  " '.npldlCfid  soDoUU- 

) ;  ueiitsUH)t«ai«sl, 


appointed  profeaaor 

... ._  ;frof«orof  oraloTTol 

a  Oewjig  (1M8-1M»)  [g-T.]  in 

Ckilkcii  <!(■  OimSb*.  da  LUkni,  lad  Se  Fleoy.  Paris  : 
f'^'trH  an  enla^ad  edltlcn  of  Bsalmu'i '  AntlquiUtum 
kaDaaanuB  Oarwa  Btiaolatiaalmiim '  0SSO);  appointed 
imJuBia  of  dTU  U*  at  Flaa  by  Ovuno  II.  gnad  dnkii 
tf  TaoBir;  irft  Pi*.  -' =— ...i.—   -^—  v. 


[It.,  341] 

JOHN  (18H-16M),  poet;  mn  of  Sir 

John  DcDham(lllt«-lua)  [q.  v.] ;  matrisOlalid  at  Trinltj 
OoUcK  OitDid.  lUl ;  gtodlcd  law  at  Uoooln'i  Inn :  pub- 
llabed  'TheBophy.'  an  hiitorlcal  tngrd;.  1841;  compeUnd 

hie  bcvt-laiowQ  poem,  1M1 ;  wtulonedCbarleallopaidoij 
WIthar.  of  whose  poana  Dmham  thought  ineuily ; 
counolUor  of  Charlei  I,  and  attendauC  nf  Henrietl*  Maria 


>e  ueUMm^  of  li 
lampootiei'  ' 
T;  pobllibe 


I,'  U8T :  pobliihed  oocaidoiial  -n 


PENH  AM 


334 


DENNB 


DENHAK,  MIOHABL  iJSLAfilB  (d.  1859),  ooUeotor 
of  folklore ;  merchant  at  Pienebridge,  Durham :  pabliahed 
numeroos  compilations  of  proverbs  and  North  British 
folklore.  [xiv.  849] 

BENHOLM,  JAMES  (1773-1818),  teacher  of  drawing 
in  Glasgow :    president   of  the   Glasgow    Philosophical 
Society,  1811-14;  published   *An  Historical  and   Topo- 
graphical Description  of  the  Oity  of  Glasgow,'  1797. 
[xiv.  3501 

DEKIS,  Sir  PETER  (<f.  1778X  vioe-admiral ;  son  of  a 
Huguenot  refugee ;  lieutenant,  1739 ;  took  part  in  Anson's 
fight  with  De  la  Jonquil  and  carried  home  the  despatches, 
1747 ;  M.P.,  Hedon,  Yorkshire,  1754 ;  fought  at  Quiberon 
Bay,  1759 ;  created  baronet,  1767 ;  vioe-admiral  of  the 
blue,  1775 ;  died  yice-admiral  of  the  red,  1778. 

[xiv.  850] 

BEKISOK,  ALBERT,  first  Baron  Londkbborodou 
(1805-1860),  son  of  Henry  Oonyngham,  first  marquis 
Oonyngham  [q.  v.];  educated  at  Eton:  secretary  of 
legation  at  Florence,  1826,  and  at  Berlin,  1829-81 ;  K.C.H., 
1829 ;  deputy-lieutenant  of  the  West  Riding  of  Yorkshire ; 
M.P.,  Canterbury,  1835-41  and  1847-50;  F.S.A.,  1840; 
created  Baron  Londesborongh,  1850 :  assumed  surname  of 
Denison,  1849;  F.R.S.,  1850;  president  of  the  British 
Archaeological  Association,  1843,  and  of  the  London  and 
Middlesex  Archaeological  Society,  1855 ;  student  of  Anglo- 
Saxon  antiquities.  [xiv.  851] 

DENISOK,  EDWARD,  the  elder  (1801-1854),  bishop  of 
Salisbury ;  educated  at  Eton  and  Oriel  College,  Oxford ; 
fellow  of  Merton  College,  1826;  M.A.;  select  preacher, 
1834 ;  opposed  the  admission  of  dissenters  to  the  colleges 
at  Oxfoid,  1835;  D.D.  and  bishop  of  Salisbury,  1837; 
author  of  sermons  and  charges.  [xiv.  352] 

DEKISON,  EDWARD,  the  younger  (1840-1870), 
philanthropist ;  son  of  Edward  Denison  the  elder  [q.  v.]  ; 
educated  at  Eton  and  Christ  Church,  Oxford ;  built  and 
endowed  a  school  in  the  Mile  End  Road,  1867;  MJ*., 
Newark,  1868 ;  oommitteeman  of  the  Society  for  Organ- 
ising Charitable  Relief,  1869 ;  died  at  Melbourne,  whither 
he  had  gone  for  the  sake  of  his  health  and  to  study  the 
workings  of  colonisation.  [xiv.  352] 

DSNISOir,  GEORGE  ANTHONY  (1805-1806),  arch- 
deacon of  Taunton ;  educated  at  Eton  and  Christ  Church, 
Oxford ;  M.A.,  1830 ;  feUow  of  Uriel  CoUege,  1828 :  took 
holy  orders,  1832;  ooUeire  tutor,  1830-6,  and  treasurer, 
1836  ;  vicar  of  Broadwinsor,  Doriset,  1838-51,  and  of  East 
Brent,  Somerset,  1851 ;  prebendary  of  Sarum,  1841,  and 
of  'Wells,  1849  ;  archdeacon  of  Taunton,  1851 ;  examining 
chaplain  to  bishop  of  Bath  and  Wells,  but  resigned,  186;], 
owing  to  disagreement  on  the  part  of  the  bishop  with  his 
eucharistic  doctrine ;  having  defined  his  doctrinal  posi- 
tion, was  prosecuted  in  the  ecclesiastical  courts,  and  de- 
prived, 1856,  but  the  declMon  was  reversed,  1857 ;  edited 
*  Church  and  State  Review,*  1862-5;  took  a  prominent 
part  in  religious  controversy  as  a  high  churchman  of  the 
old  school ;  published  religious  and  other  writings,  includ- 
ing a  violent  poUtloal  diatribe  against  Gladstone  (1885X 

[SuppL  U.  127] 

DENISON,  JOHN  (d.  1629),  divine;  student  and 
graduate  of  Balliol  College,  Oxford ;  D.D. ;  chaplain  to 
James  I;  head-master  of  the  free  school,  Reading,  and 
successively  vicar  of  the  three  churches  in  that  town, 
1604-29 ;  author  of  some  theological  works,  including 
(1621)  a  polemic  against  Cardinal  Bellarmine.  [xiv.  353] 

DENISON,  JOHN  EVELYN,  first  Vi»couxT  OssiNO- 
TON  (1800-1873)  speaker  of  the  House  of  Commons ;  edu- 
cated at  Eton  and  Christ  Church,  Oxford ;  MJL.,  1828; 
M.P.  for  Newcastle-uudcr-Lyme,  1823,  and  Hastings,  1826 : 
appointed  one  of  the  council  of  the  Duke  of  Clarence 
(afterwards  William  IV),  1827 .  M.P.  for  Nottinghamshire, 
1831,  and  for  South  Nottinghamshire,  1833  and  1835,  fur 
Malton,  1841, 1847,  and  1852,  and  for  North  Nottingham- 
shire, 1857;  privy  councillor,  1857;  speaker,  1857-72; 
honorary  D.C.L.  Oxford,  1870 ;  created  Viscount  Ossing- 
ton,  1872.  [xiv.  358] 

DENISON,  WILLIAM  JOSEPH  (1770-1849),  miUion- 
aire;  senior  partner  of  Denison,  H^wood  &  Kcnnard, 
bankers,  Lombard  Street ;  M.P.  for  Camelfoni,  1796-1802, 
for  Kingston-upon-Hull,  1806,  and  for  Surrey,  1818-49. 

[xiv.  354] 

DENISON,  Sir  WILLIAM  THOMAS  (1804-1871), 
lieutenant-general,  colonial  and  Indian  governor ;  btother 


of  John  Evdsm  Denison  [q.  ▼.] ;  entered  the  Boyal  Mili- 
tary Academy,  Woolwich,  1819 ;  constructed  the  Rideu 
Canal,  Canada,  1827-31 :  in  charge  of  the  works  at  Wool- 
wich dockyard,  1837 ;  knighted,  1846 ;  lieutenant^^overaor 
of  Van  Diemen's  Land,  1846-54 ;  opened  the  first  eeeskm  of 
the  new  representative  assembly,  1852 ;  oonsolidlated  stystam 
of  public  works  and  education ;  governor  of  New  Sootfa 
Wales,  1854-61;  established  parliament  in  New  Sooth 
Wales,  1855;  civil  K.C3.,  1856;  governor  of  ICadDO^ 
1861-6 :  opposed  establishment  of  legislative  ooancfli  ia 
minor  presidencies  and  provinces  and  native  rqirese&ts* 
tion :  carried  oat  Sitana  expeditl(m  as  acting  govomor- 
general,  1863 ;  published  essays  on  social  and  ednostjoiiii 
topics  at  Sydney.  [xiv.  Mf } 

DENXAN,    GEORGE    (1819-1896X   jolge;    son   «f 
Thomas,  first  baron  Denman  [q.  v.] ;  educated  at  Beptai 
and  Trinity  CoUege,  Cambridge ;  B. A.,  1842 ;  idlow,  180  ; 
MJL.,  1845 ;  auditor  of  Trinity,  1862-65 ;  called  to  bar  at 
Lincoln's  Inn,  1846 ;  joined  home  circuit;  oocuud  to  Gam- 
bridge  University,  1857 ;  Q.C.,  1861 ;  M.P.  for  Tlvotoa, 
1859-65,  and  1866-72 ;  responsible  for  Bvidenoe  fnrtbv 
Amendment  Act,  known  as  Denman's  Act^  1869 ;  ^y>f*rfflffit 
Sir  James  Shaw  Willes  [q.  v.]  in  ooort  <^  oonunon  ptaHt 
1872;  justice  of  common  pleas  division  of  high  ooort) 
1875  ;  judge  of  high  court  of  iusUce,  queen's  bench  difidoi, 
1881-92 ;  retired,  1892 ;  privy  oounciUor,  1898 ;  poidtaU 
translations  in  Greek,  Latin,  and  English  verse. 


[SappL  IL  ISq 
-if 


DENXAN,  THOMAS,  theelder(1783-i815lphyriciss; 
studied  medicine  at  St.  George's  Hospital,  1753;  soigeos 
in  the  navy,  1757-63 ;  M.D.  Aberdeen,  1764 ;  physfohs 
aoooncheur  to  the  Middlesex  Hospital,  1769-8S :  ttoeatfate 
in  midwifery  of  the  College  of  Physicians,  1783 ;  pnbliriai 
works  on  obstetrics.  [siv.  SM] 

BSNKAN,  THOMAS,  first  Baron  Dekmak  (1779-UM> 
lord  chief- justice ;  son  of  Thomas  Denman  the  elder  [q.  v.] : 
sent  to  Eton,  1788 ;  entered  St.  John's  Oolite,  f^w\FV^ 
1796 ;  barrister  of  Lincoln's  Inn,  1806 ;  depaty-noodtar 
of  Nottingham,  and  M.P.  for  Wareham,  1818;  M.P.ior 
Nottingham,  1820;  solidtor-general  to  Queen  OaraUiw, 
1820 :  procured  the  withdrawal  of  Lord  Liverpool's  bffl  of 
pains  and  penalties  against  Queen  Caroline,  whose  Imio- 
cence  he  maintained  before  the  bar  of  the  Loitla.  1810; 
common  Serjeant,  1822-30 ;  pointed  out  defects  in  the  law 
of  evidence  in  a  review  of  Dumont's  *  Traits  de  L^^ida- 
tion,*  1824 ;  took  silk,  1828,  the  Duke  of  Wdlington  havfa« 
with  diflSculty  pacified  George  IV,  who  looked  on  Denman 
aa  a  slanderer;  again  MJ*.  for  Nottingham,  1880;  at- 
torney-general, 1830;  knighted,  1830;  drafted  BtiEoim 
Bill,  1831 ;  undertook  prosecution  of  Reform  rioters,  18SS ; 
privy  councillor  and  lord  chief-justloe,  1832;  gaaettei 
Baron  Denman  of  Dovedale,  1834 ;  speaker  of  the  Home 
of  Lord^  1835 :  opposed  privilege  of  the  House  of  Commons 
in  the  libel  case  Stockdale  s.  Hansard,  1837 ;  carried  two 
hills  abolishing  death-penalty  for  forgery  and  some  other 
offences,  1837 :  supported  propof^al  to  hcrfd  sittings  In 
buuc  at  other  timctf  tluin  duri^  the  legal  terms;  con- 
demned Moxon,  publisher  of  Shelley's  ocunplete  wrftSi 
for  blasphemy,  1841 ;  published  pamphlets  and  mpokn  in 
favour  of  the  extinction  of  the  slave  tnMle,  1848-54; 
ttecured  retention  of  squadron  to  intercept  shivers  on  the 
west  coast  of  Africa,  1848 ;  neigned  lord  chief- jnatioeihip^ 
18W.  [xiT.  858] 

DZNKAN,  THOMAS,  second  Baron  Dknmax  (180ft- 
1899XSOU  of  Thomas  Denman,  first  baron  [q.  T.];eda> 
Gated  at  Eton  and  Brasenoee  College,  Oxford:  called  to 
bar  at  Lincoln's  Inn,  1833 ;  succeeded  to  peerage,  1854^ 

[SuppL  iL  180] 

DENKABX,  Pringb  of  (1658-1708).    [See  Gbobok.] 

DENNS,  HENRY  (d,  1660 ?X  puritan  divine;  edo- 
cated  at  Cambridge  University;  one  of  the  ministers 
sdected  for  preferment  by  the  House  of  Commons,  1641 ; 
imprisoned  for  holding  baptist  opinions,  1644:  obtained 
the  living  of  EUly  (Eltisley),  Cambrkigeehire,  1645 :  pub- 
lished controversial  works.  [xiv.  865} 

DENNE,  JOHN  (1698-1767),  antiquary;  H.A.  Obrpoi 
Christi  College,  Cambridge,  1716 ;  tutor  and  fellow  of  his 
college;  archdeacon  and  prebendary  of  Rocberter,  1788; 
D.D.  Cambridge,  1728 ;  wrote  on  ecclesiastical  8ab)«rts  and 
arranged  archives  of  Rochester  CathedraL       [xiv.  886] 

DENNE.  SAMUEL  (1730-1799),  antiquary;  son  of 
John  Denne  [q.  v.] ;  MA.  Corpus  Christi  College^  Ckni* 


DENNETT 


886 


D'flON 


Wdc«i  17i6 :  bdd  tuIoui  incombencies  In  Kent ;  PAA^ 
I7tt:  pohihhwt  *Tlie  Hintories  and  Antiqnities  of  lio- 
•iidits£iiTironB,*177S,  and  other  workfl  on  Engliflh  j 

[xiv.  367] 


lltb  Hflii  inCuitiy ;  m*: 


.,  JOHN  (1790-186S),  InTentor  and  antU 
jl  iBwnted  *  Dennett's  Life-Saying  Rocket  Apparatae,' 
UlS:  ecartodinn  ot  Oarisbrooke  OasUe:   contributed  to 
of  Britifh  ArduBological  Afieociation.  [xlv.  367] 

WILLIAM  HENRT  (1786  ?-ia43X  colonel, 

jor,  S3nd  foot,  18S1 ;  iierved  in 

at  tbe  capture  of  Maaritios,  1810,  in  the 

and  Irdand,  and  in  Barmah ;  brevet  lien- 

and  OJB. ;  oaptored  Ohnznec,  1B39 :  defeated 

~  at  Bameean,  1840 ;  aide-de-camp  to  Qaeen 

JrtlaJahad  during  Afghan  var,  and 

a  aortie  from  that  city,  1842.        [xiv.  368] 

[See  also  Dkkis  and  Deknts.] 

JAHB8  BLATOH  PIGGOTT  (1816-1861 X 

Queen*!  CtoUege,  Oxford ;  ordained,  1839  : 

of  the  Qeological  Society  for  his  ecientiflc 

read  a  paper  bdore  the  British  Association 

'  Flight  of  the  Sterodactyles  of  the  Ooprolite 

"     '1860.  [xiv.  869] 

JOHN  (1667-1 784X  critic :  B.A.  Gains  Col- 

1679 :  M.A.  Trinity  Hall,  1683 ;  appointctl 

in  the  port  ol  London  by  the  influence  of  the 

of   MaillMmKigfa,  1705';  author  of   *Rinaldo  and 

/  ItM*  and  other  tragedies,  one  of  which,  *  Appius 

Tixsinin.*  acted  at  Drory  Lane,  1709,  was  satirised  for 

1^  Fope^  to  whom  Dennis  replied  in  his  *  Reflec- 

Critteal  and  Satirical,*  1711 :  defended  tbe  stage 

Iaw  and  GoUier;  wrote  *aibraltar.'  17(»6,  and 

died  in  distressed  circumstances. 

known  as  a  arltlc,Droducing  *Tbe  Advanoe- 

and  BeCormatJon  of  Modern  Poetry.'  1701,  'Three 

CB . . .  Shakespeare,*  1711,  and  *  Remarks  on  *'  The 

of  tlM  Bees,** '  1 7S4.  [xiv.  369] 


He  is 

Utta 
Ittls 


DT  DEVT8,  Sir  THOMAS  (1480  7-1660  ?), 
prtTT  oooMiQor ;  chancellor  <A  Anne  of  Oleves  and  custos 
naoram  of  Devon ;  frequently  sheriff  of  Devon  between 
UWaal  li§6 :  reoocder  of  Exeter,  1614-44 :  put  Bxeter 
iiipoitere  of  defence  against  the  projected  rising  of  Sir 
fmt  Garew  [q.  v.],  1664.  [xiv.  378] 


Hbt:  ana 
tttfaeolty 


.,  JAMBS  (1803-1866),  8cx>ttu>h  anti- 
;  rfnratwl  at  Biinborgh  and  Glasgow :  member  of 
of  Advocates,  1884:  travelled  in  Italy  and 
Qcmsny  coUaetfng  antiques,  1886-6  and  1836-47 ;  deputy- 
f  or  Bolrewshire :  edited  papers  and  documents 
of  the  history   of  Scotland,  and   published 
works  *  Memoirs  of  the  Dukes  of  Urbino,' 
ML  [xiv.  373] 


>,  em  ANTHONY  (1601-1649),  favonrite  of 
Till :  educated  at  St.  Paul's  School  and  St.  John's 
privy  councillor :  obtained  grants  of 
and  the  land«  of  dissolved  monasteries; 
at    Boologne-sur-Mer,    1644;    appointed    by 
yni  eoonsdlor  to  his  son  and  succesftor,  E<1- 
ward'VI,  U47;  M.P..  Hertfordshire,  1647;  SiffiiBtcd  in 
of  Eett*B  rcbeUion,  1649.  [  xiv.  373] 


.,  EDWARD,  Karl  of  Norwich  (1566?- 
1610).  gnndson  of  Sir  Anthony  Denny  [q.  v.]  :  M.P.  for 
liskeard,  1686-6,  for  Tregony,  1697-8,  and  for  Essex,  1604 ; 
kniffatfld,  1687 ;  created  Baron  Denny  of  Waltham,  1604, 
aid  Bui  of  Norwich,  1626.  [xiv.  374] 


HENRT  (1803-1871).  entomologist :  curator 
of  tbe  mmrmn  of  the  Literary  and  Philosophical  Sooii'ty, 
Leeds ;  wrote  on  British  parasitic  insects.        [xiv.  374] 

mnnrT,  Sm  WILLIAM  CJl.  1668X  author  of  *Pele- 
m»MMl,m^*  166S,  and  of  *  The  Shepheards  HoUday,'  1653, 
a  pastoral  poem ;  created  baronet,  1642.  [xiv.  375] 


I,  JOHN  (d,  1609),  author  of  •  The  Secrets  of 
Aaffllac,*  161S,  a  poem  quoted  in  Isaak  Walton's  *  Com- 

[xiv.  376] 


_.  ARTHUR  (d.  1607),  puritan  divine:  M.A. 
Cfarbtl  (Mleae,  Cambridge.  1679;  rector  of  South  Shoe- 
tmry,  Issex,  1680-1607 :  one  of  the  signjitories  of  a  peti- 
tion declining  to  recognise  the  scriptural  validity  of  the 
prsjer-book:  aotbor  of  sermons  and  treatises  of  puritan 

[xiv.  376] 


DENT,  EDWARD  JOHN  (1 790-1 863X  chronometer 
maker;  employed  by  the  admiralty  and  the  East  India 
Company;  supplied  a  Orahnm'y  e^oapcmcnt  for  the  transit 
clock  of  Greenwich  observatory ;  asKociate  of  the  Institu- 
tion of  Civil  Engineers,  1833 ;  ci«Ublished  clock-making 
manufactory,  1843 ;  presented  with  a  gold  medal  by  the 
emperor  of  Russia,  1848 ;  pnbllslifti  'A  Tn-atlsc  on  the 
Aneroifl,'  1849.  and  works  on  the  construction  and  work- 
ing of  chronometers.  [xiv.  877] 

DENT,  PETER  (d.  1689),  naturalist;  M.B.  Lambeth, 
1678;    incorporated  at  Cambridge,   1680;    physician  at 
Cambridge ;  assisted  Ray  in  his  '  Historia  Plantarum.* 
[xiv.  878] 

DEKTOH,  HENRY  (1683 7-1681),  writer;  M.A.  Ox- 
ford,  1669  ;  fellow  of  Qneen*s  College,  Oxford,  1660 ;  chap- 
lain to  the  English  ambassador  at  Constantinople,  1664- 
1678 ;  translated  Georginos's  '  Description  of  the  Present 
State  of  Samoe,Nicaria,  Patmoe,  and  Mount  Athoa,*  1678. 
[xiv.  878] 

DENTON,  JAMES  (d.  1538),  dean  of  Lichfield:  edu- 
cated at  Eton  nnd  King's  (College,  Cambridge :  M  JL.,  1498 ; 
fellow  of  Kiniir's  0>llege;  student  and  doctor  of  canon 
law  at  Valencia ;  prebendary  of  Lichfidd,  li.09,  of  Lin- 
coln. 1614 ;  dean  of  Lichfield,  1682-33 ;  chanodlor  to  Mary, 
sister  of  Henry  VIII  and  wife  of  Louii>  XII,  whom  lie  had 
attended  in  France :  chancellor  to  the  council  of  tbe 
Princess  Mary,  with  jurisdiction  over  the  Welsh  marches, 
1686:  benefactor  of  King's  OoUege  and  SL  George's 
Chapel,  Windsor.  [xiv.  37^ 

DENTON,  JOHN  (1686-1708),  nonconformist  divine; 
entered  at  Clare  Hall,  Cambridge,  1646;  ejected  from 
Oswaldkirk,  Yorkshire,  1668,  but  subsequently  given 
living  of  Stonegrave  and  prebend  at  Ytn-k;  friend  of 
TiUotson.  [xiv.  379] 

DENTON,  NATHAN  (1634-1780),  Ust  survivor  of 
the  ejected  ministers;  entered  at  University  College. 
Oxfoid,  1652:  taught  grammar  school  at  Obiwthorne, 
Yorkshire ;  ejected  from  the  perpetual  curacy  of  Bolton, 
1668.  [xiv.  879] 

DENTON,  RICHARD  (1603-1668),  divine:  B.A. 
Catharine  HaJI,  Cambridge,  1623 ;  gave  up  Ooley  (^hapd, 
and  emigrated  to  New  England,  1640 ;  died  at  Hempstead, 
Long  Island.  [xiv.  880] 

DENTON,  THOMAS  (1784-1777),  nUsoellaneocn 
writer ;  M.A.  Queen's  College,  Oxford,  1768 ;  rector  of 
Ashtead,  Surrey,  1764-77;  published,  in  the  style  of 
Spenser,  two  poems,  *  Immortality,'  1764,  and  *  The  House 
of  Superstition,'  1762.  [xiv.  380] 

DENTON,  THOMAS  (d.  1789),  bookseller  and  arti- 
ficer :  made  speaking  and  writing  automata ;  translated  a 
French  book  of  parlour-magic,  1784 :  hanged  for  coining. 

[xiv.  380] 

DENTON,  WILLIAM  (1605-1691),  physician  and 
political  writer :  educated  at  Magdalen  Hall,  Oxford ; 
M.D.  Oxford.  1634;  physician  to  Charles  I,  16.36;  phy- 
sician in  ordinary  to  the  houwhold  of  Charles  II,  1660  ; 
P.R.C.P. :  author  of  theological  works  largely  directed 
against  the  Itomau  catholics.  [xiv.  881] 

DENTON,  WILLIAM  (1815-1888),  divine;  RA.  Wor- 
cester College,  Oxford,  1844 :  M.A.,  1848 ;  ordained  priext, 
1845 :  vicar  of  St.  Bartholomew,  Cripplegnte,  1860-88 : 
published  pamphlets  relating  to  social  and  political  ques- 
tions, and  several  religious  and  historical  works,  including 
*  England  in  the  Fifteenth  Ccntnr>V  1888. 

[Suppl.  li.  130] 

DBON  DB  BEATTMONT,  CHARLES  GENBVIJfeVE 
LOUIS  AUOUSTB  ANDRE  TIMOTHRE  (1728-1810), 
chevalier :  l>om  at  Tonnerre  in  Burgundy ;  educated  as  a 
boy,  though  his  sex  was  long  held  to  be  doubtful :  secret 
agent  of  the  king  of  Franoe  at  St.  Petersburg,  1756;  in- 
stmmental  in  bringing  about  an  alliance  between  Russia, 
France,  and  Austria :  received  lieutenancy  of  dragoons 
as  reward  for  his  celerity  in  carrying  news  of  battle  of 
Prague  to  Versailles,  1757 ;  secretary  to  the  French  em- 
bassy at  St.  Petersburg,  1757-60 :  captain  of  dragoons, 
1758 :  minister  plenipotentiary  in  London,  secretly  corre- 
sponding with  the  kincr  of  France  on  a  projected  invasion 
of  England ;  obtained  a  true  bill  asrainst  Count  de 
Guerchy,  the  French  ambossailor,  for  plotting  his  assassi- 
nation :  was  gcnenUly  su^tpectel  of  txnng  a  woman : 
pensioned  by  the  French  government  on  condition  of 
wearing  woman's  clothes,  1774;  udoptel  female  attire^ 


DB   QUINOBY 


386 


DESBOROtTGH 


1T77 :  retamed  to  Bngland,  1786 ;  made  a  living  by  ex- 
hibiting bis  akiil  as  a  swordsman ;  discovered  to  be  a  man 
at  bis  deatb,  1810 :  left  in  manuscript  materials  for  a 
life  of  tbe  Ooant  de  Vauban ;  pablisbed  bistorioal  and 
aatobiograpbical  pamphlets.  [xiv.  381] 

DZ  QjnSOEY,  THOMAS  (1786-1859),  author  of 
'Oonfeasions  of  an  Opiom  Bater*;  edacated  At  Bath 
grammar  school  and  at  Winkfleld,  Wiltshire ;  sent  to  Man- 
ohesto:  grammar  school,  1801 ;  became  acquainted  with 
Bosooe,  Oarrie,  and  Lady  Oarbery,  who  oonsolted  him  in 
her  Greek  and  Latin  studies :  left  school  and  rambled  about 
in  Wales,  1802,  finally  going  to  London,  where  he  led  a 
Bohemian  life  and  met  tb^  Ann  of  his  *  Confessions  * ; 
studied  Hebrew  and  German  at  Worcester  College,  Ox- 
ford, where  he  matriculated,  17  Dec.  1803,  and  first  began 
opium-eating;  made  the  acquaintance  of  Coleridge, 
Wordsworth,  and  Soothey,  1807,  of  Lamb  and  Sir  H. 
Davy,  1808 :  read  German  metaphysics  and  drew  up  a 

*  ProlQ:omena  of  all  future  systems  of  Political  Economy  * 
on  the  lines  of  Blcardo,  1819 ;  editor  of  the  *  Westmoreland 
Gaxette,*  1819-90;  wrote  his  'Confessions  of  an  EngUsh 
Opium-Bater '  in  London,  18S1,  for  tbe  *  London  Maga- 
zina  * ;  translated,  the  *  Laoooon,*  1836,  and  wrote  the 
first  part  of  *  Murder  as  one  of  the  Fine  Arts,*  18S7,  for 

*  Blackwood's  Magazine';  published  *  Klosterbeim  *  at 
Edinburgh,  1833 :  contributed  reminiscences  of  the  Lake 
poeto  to*Tait's  Magazine,' 1834 ;  published  *The  Logic 
of  Politioal  Boonomy,*  1844.  He  aimed  at  popularising 
German  philosophy  and  reviving  the  English  prose  style 
of  tbe  seventeenth  century.  [xiv.  386] 

DERBY,  Earu  of.  [See  Pbrrkrs,  Bobbrt  db, 
1S40  7-1179  ? ;  Stanley,  Thomaa,  first  Earl,  1486  7-1604 ; 
Staklby,  Edward,  third  Earl,  1608-167S;  Stamlry, 
HsKRY,  fourth  Earl,  1631-1693 ;  Stanley,  Frrdinando, 
fifth  Earl,  1659-1694 ;  Stanlfy,  Jakes,  seventh  Earl, 
1607-1661 ;  Stanley,  Edward  Smith,  thirteenth  Barl, 
1776-1861;  Stanley,  Edward  Qboroe  Gbofvrey 
Bicitb,  fourteenth  Earl,  1799-1869 ;  Stanley,  Edward 
Hbtby,  fifteenth  Baru  1836-1893.] 

DERBY,  OouNTESsra  of.  [See  Stanley,  Ohar- 
LOTTE,  1699-1664 :  Farren,  Euzabbth,  1769  7-1829.] 

DBRBY,  ALFHED  THOMAS  (1821-1878X  painter ; 
son  of  William  Derbv  [q.  v.l:  painted  figure-subjects, 
portraits,  and  scenes  from  Sir  Walter  Scott's  novels. 

[xiv.  391] 

DERBY,  WILLIAM  (1786-1847),  water-colour  and 
miniature-painter ;  drew  for  Lodge's  *  Portraits  of  Illus- 
trious Personages  of  Great  Britain,'  1836 ;  exhibited  at 
the  Boyal  Academy  and  oUier  institutiona,  1811-43. 

[xiv.  391] 

DERHAM,  SAMUEL  (l666-ie89X  physician;  M.A. 
Magdalen  HaU,  Oxford,  1679 ;  M.D.,  1687 :  published  an 

*  Account  of  nmington  Waters  in  Warwicxshire,*  1686, 
which  established  the  reputation  of  the  place. 

[xiv.  392] 
DBRHAX,  WILLIAM  (1667-1736),  divine;  B.A. 
Trinity  College,  Oxford,  1679 ;  vicar  of  Wargrave,  1682, 
of  Upminster,  Essex,  1689  ;  F JI.S.,  1703 ;  Boyle  lecturer, 
1711  and  1712;  chief  works,  '  Physico-Theology '  (his 
Boyle  lectures),  published,  1713,  and  '  Astro-Theology,' 
1716,  two  statements  of  the  argument  from  final  causes. 

[xiv.  392] 
DBRHAX,  WILLIAM  (1703-1767),  president  of  St 
John's  College,  Oxford ;  son  of  William  Derham  (1657- 
1736)  [q.  v.] ;  entered  Merchant  Taylors*  School,  1714; 
fellow  of  St.  John's  College,  Oxford,  1724;  M.A.,  1729; 
Whyte's  professor  of  moral  philosophy,  1787 ;  D.D.,  1742  ; 
presldeut  of  St.  John's,  1748-67.  [xiv.  893] 

DSRIVO.    [See  also  Deerino.] 

DRRDTO,  EDWARD  (15407-1576X  puritan  divine; 
B.A^  and  fellow,  Christ's  College,  Cambridge,  1560 ;  M.  A., 
1663 ;  university  proctor,  1666 ;  chaplain  of  the  Tower  of 
London ;  prohibited  from  preaching  in  consequence  of 
his  denunciations  of  the  clergy,  1670;  prebendary  of 
Salisbury,  1671 ;  lectured  on  the  first  part  of  the  Epistle 
to  the  Hebrews,  1672 ;  summoned  before  the  Star-duunber 
for  unorthodox  teaching,  but  acquitted,  1578 ;  his  col- 
lectad  works  published,  1614.  [xiv.  89t] 

DSRnrO,  Sir  EDWARD  (1698-1644X  antiquary  and 

elitician:  educated  at  Magdalene  College,  Cambridge; 
Ighted,  1619 ;  created  baronet,  1627 ;  lieutenant  of  Dover 
Castle ;  M.P.  for  Kent  in  the  Long  parliament,  1640 : 


moved  the  first  reading  of  the  Root  and  Branch  Bfll,  IMl : 
became  an  episcopal  royalist  by  his  vote  on  tbe  Grand 
Remonstrance,  1641 ;  imprisoned,  1642 ;  eMsaped  and  took 
op  arms  for  the  king,  but  resigned  his  oommissioii,  164S; 
accepted  the  parliament's  paraon,  1644.  [xiv.  896] 

DERnrO,  HENEAGE  (1666-1760),  antiquary  and 
divine :  entered  of  the  Inner  Temple,  1678 ;  paistoner  of 
CUre  College,  Cambridge,  1680 ;  barrister.  Inner  Tem|de, 
1690;  LL.D.,  per  lUeras  regieu^  1701;  prebendary  of 
York,  1706-60 ;  dean  of  Ripen,  1711 ;  author  of  *  Bdiqoia 
Eboraoenses,*  1748,  and  *  De  Scoectota,*  1746,  two  I^tin 
poems.  [xiv.  396] 

DSRnrO  or  DEBRIHO,  RICHARD  (d.  1630).  mosi- 
dan ;  studied  music  in  Italy ;  organist  to  the  English 
convent  at  Brussels,  1617 ;  organist  to  Qumb  Hsnrletta 
Maria,  1626 ;  published  *  Cantiones  SacrsB  sex  VDemn  com 
basso  continuo  ad  orguium '  at  Antwerp,  1697. 

[xlT.  398] 

DERLIKOTOir,  JOHN  DB  (d.  1384).  [See  DARLOro- 
ton.] 

DERXOD,  MACMURRAGH  (1110  7-1171).    [See  Mac 

MURCHADA,  DlARJUD.] 


DZRMODY,  THOMAS (1776-1802),  Irish  poet; 
abroad  as  second  lieutenant  in  the  wagon  corps:  pub- 
lished '  Poems  Moral  and  Descriptive,'  1800,  *  Poems  on 
various  Subjects,*  1802,  and  a  pamphlet  entitled  *The 
Rights  of  Justice,'  1793.  [sir.  899] 


DERHOTT,    LAURENCE    (1720-1791 X 
deputy  grand-master  of  the  '  Antioit  '  masons  of  AtboD, 
1771-87 ;  wrote '  Ahiman  Rezon,'  a  masonic  work,  1766. 

[ziT.  399] 

DE  ROB,  Barons.    [See  Ros.] 

DERRICK,  SAMUEL  (1734-1769X  author;  friend  of 
Dr.  Johnson;  published  translations  from  the  Frendi, 
letters,  books  of  minor  critldsm,  and  a  few  poems ;  edited 
Dryden's  •  Works,'  1760.  [xiv.  899] 

DSRRICJKB,  JOHN(/.  1678),  author  of  tbe  •Image 
of  Ireland,*  a  poem,  publi^ied,  1681.  [zIt.  400] 

DERWERTWATBR,  thizd  Earl  of  (1689-1716)l 

[See  Radcuffb,  Jambs.] 

DE  RY(;K,  WILLIAM  (1686-1697),  history  painter; 
bom  at  Antwerp  and  bred  as  a  goldsmith ;  visited  Bag- 
land  in  the  reign  of  William  III  and  became  a  painter. 

[xiv.  400] 

DE8AOTJLIER8,  JOHN  THEOPHILUS  (1688-1744X 
natural  philosopher ;  bom  at  La  Rochelle ;  brought  to 
England  by  his  father,  a  Huguenot  refugee,  1686;  B.A. 
Christ  Church,  Oxford,  1710;  lecturer  on  experimoital 
philosophy  at  Hart  Hall,  Oxford,  1710:  M.A.,  1713; 
F.RS.,  1714;  presented  to  tbe  living  of  Whitcbnitsh. 
Middlesex,  1714:  LL.D.  Oxford,  1718;  invented  the 
planetarium:  published  works  on  physios,  astaouosny, 
and  mechanics,  also  *The  CcntribuUons  of  the  Fne- 
Masons,'  1738.  [xiv.  400] 

DZ8A0ULIBB8,  THOMAS  (1736  7-1780),  lieutenant- 
general  and  colonel-commandant  of  royal  artUleiy;  son 
of  John  Theophilus  Desaguliers  [q.  v.] ;  cadet  hi  tlie  royal 
artillery,  1740;  captain,  1746;  engaged  at  Fonteiioy, 
1746 :  lieutenant-colonel,  1767 ;  in  ohanare  of  siege  opcrsr 
tions  at  Belleisle,  1761 ;  invented  a  method  of  firing  small 
shot  from  mortars  and  an  instrument  for  verifying  the 
bores  of  cannon ;  colonel  commandant  of  the  royal  artil- 
lery, 1763 ;  F.R.S.,  1768 ;  lieutenant  general,  1777. 

[xlT.  401] 

DZ  BAUKARSZ.    [See  Saumarsz.] 

DE8BARRB8,  JOSBPH  FRBDBRI(?K  WALSH  or 
WALLET  (1722-1824),  military  engineer:  of  Hugoenot 
origin ;  lieutenant  60th  regiment,  1766 ;  nuide  soooessfnl 
expedition  against  North  American  Indians,  1767 :  ratocdc 
Newfoundland,  1762;  surveyed  coast  of  Nora  Booila, 
1763-73  ;  lieutenant-governor  of  Cape  Breton,  1786-1806, 
of  Prince  Edward's  Island,  1806-13  ;  colonel,  1798 ;  pub- 
lished charts  of  the  Atlantic  and  North  American  ooaata. 

rxlv.  402] 

DE8B0R0UOH,  DE8B0R0W,  or  DiBBROWB, 
JOHN  (1608-1680),  major-general;  commanded  Oram. 
wellian  horse  at  storming  of  Bristol,  1646 ;  oolonei,  1648 : 
foc^ht  as  major-general  at  Worcester,  1661 ;  commissioner 
of  the  treasury,  166» ;  general  of  the  fleet,  1668 ;   Hf  _ 


DBSBOBOXrOH 


DT^  opposition 


ud  Qm  BmrfHUi  HirU. 

uiirdiiv  In  HoUud.  1«H ;  i^ 

tllwlljiiil  nwliniilluli'  III  Kpuqultudeof  IMl. 

»-l««0), 


**'"  -     ImpriBQCd  oo 
imsltba 


OvrWoy,  mt 


DBUSDEDIT 

a  IX  (tf.  Itu),  lut  iDtklniT  of 

ipuilfld  HlalunL  Llu^  of  tba  Romum  to 

DftTHd  cTOmmliflDDcr  for  tiw  bvoDi  bj 

:  )uiti<:laT7  of  tbi  barnna. 


SAMDBL  (1 — -. 

■   [q.  T.l :  CM  ot  tb*  orWlml 

irgh,  lHB-».        [iln.  1(111 


i(  Hugh  le  DajieiKr  (>'.  ItW) 


JCWKPK  (17W-180TX  pl 


■mpUn.  IIIB :  b*Did»l,  lo^chFr  Jmi  bta  kid,  Hogh  )• 
Dwpenitr  Ibe  roongrt  (a.  '-].  tl»  Itlna  g^■w^ag  wmj  lo  ■ 

-■  Uh  doMw,  IS)I:  iTtnnKil,  i^  wu  nud* 

'  -■ iptonrt  by  Qnmi  lubdk. 


K(ll7SMT«(,i 

■  wratr:  onni  in  AavTrsiM;  CUD!  U  Bnglufcl  witb 
sUdid  Lord  BtaifteabocT,  lt«)  :  P.aA^irM:  natlc- 
■■  si  Ua  Bvjntr'i  priTT  ctaimber.  ini;  trieita  of 
mtb  AdUm  [q.  T.)  ud  JUcboDT  ColUni  [q.  t.)  :  coa- 

ibdlnHiiiiicauUi'TmUHOIHiuiir     "  — - 

UM  &lat-lTiBiHnd.  inw,  ud  Bkjrte'i 
— -.  —J  •tlHMHqiB,'  1141,  ud  «•  tb 


AIM:  Vina^iATH0iui,i^thBiu,14._. 
filMJiiii.  Juoa  (Frmuiniici^ ChiiUmUi  8 

4.UH;  nnaiKuA  OniLD,  flltanUi  Bui. 
IniB^u),  JiKn,  tb«  (owaBiBT^  itTOT-" 
mtui,  Iahb,  the  Siwu  BUL,  if.  laoS.] 


«^  inj ;  csmmudut  of  tba  lilud  of  Ititlu 

~i  iTiHBhli  11^11,1781;  optond  UiaSpiisUb  poueBlDai 

alb*  Bkck  BlT«T,  ITU  1  •apslnlaidmt  of  bli  cujalj' 

•■■in  in   TDOBtu,  17M-n):    tiBpaided  od  IHtdIou 

I  In  Laid  OimTflli ;  Inprlionid  on  ueoimt  of  bl 

. ■—,^nt:    '-■-'  •-  '-• - 


,„ .,.-/;  fought  In  lbs  Amerlotn  war 

a :  takm  prtniR  tt  York  Town :  nleutd, 

I.   ITM;    (OBUBudut  of  Uoopi  at  Ospa 

B,  in»-U0r :  gaaai.  1811.  [iIt.  *0»] 

BMHWUK.    XDWARD  u    (^  im),   mrior; 

■ludi— I  «(  Hiwli  1>  DwpBWM  tbg  yomiEer  ti],  v.] : 

■Doflit  In  UwBTd  nl*!  naub  ouDpAlgm  mad  andei 

TtfiVibtnVlBiUt:  KjH.  [iIt.  4le] 


B.  thlid  Barov,  18U-lt 


M  BVR^ 


SITEIOX.  am  QILBBRT  (1619  !-l*B4).  Oartn  *iog. 
F..,™.;  proUbljor  Dntih  eitPMltooudnatorallMd; 
Droll  punnlTHDt,  lUO;  Rlcbimid  benU.  IMO; 
klne^f-armii.  lUO :  knlzbuil,  1661:  iccomiKniel 
t  In  nil  t^CIlih  HpotitloD,  1M7:  manOer  of 
It  Did  Sooletf  of  AotlqiuHis.  [itT.  41B] 

SETEIOK.  9in  WILLIAM  (IMS-HU),  Garter  klng- 
l-jnm:  »ii  of  8irUilb«t  Dmblck  [q.  t.};  Honin  Croix 
Lmulnnl,  16S7;  York  bertU,  16>u:  darter  kloit-of- 
rm*.  IIM  ;  siapenrttd  for  iinJnlj  eittmUnit  lil«  pnmga- 


jtal.  1603:   deprlTod  oi 


lUiip  W  Norwich:  o 


;  HBXBT  u 

MMmJ 

Tlo  lteUabivcleotMaTwleh.11 
oMHd  p^Maati    In    tlidr   sitisiobiiKuw   mh   .^ttwi 

a*aiteeA  alteKBti,  tn  Fludaa,  whom  be  defeated 
Uli^£fEltn;ntod^RaofYpra-.  osoH  to  tenng 
■Mil  Dm  rmeh.  BBttmbM'  IHI;  dnrind  of  hi*  wm- 
nwaBtMi ;  Oaomem  ■■  ■  BsMlnE  biibop  by  WjcUrfe : 
hUmt  M  nnl  tlic  FiMeh  lDT^«n  <d  BcoUuid,  and 
■M  mknd  la  hb  umpcnUtk*.  lU* :  perncDted  Uie 
d  tor  bli  kiyal  •dbemice  to 
BmiT  IT,  1401.      [iIt.  410] 


tba  old  Boclety  of  Aniiqiurlea, 

irr^jolarltfefl 

berg,lMU; 

■ntlqaltle*. 

DIxaOfllEE,  BOWLASD  (ISW'-IS^X  i 
toctorer  and  political  retonner;  eelf-olaoatol ; 
Tinl  SwEdEnborgian  Khool  at  Hulme:  Inunol  a 
lor  fall  chapel  at  Stocltport ;  corrwpondod  »ltli  Bi 


DETJTBOH 


388 


D'EWES 


DsxrrsoH,  ekanubl  osoar  menahem  (I829- 1 

1878),  Semitic  scholar:  born  in  Silesia;  proceeded  to  the 
theological  faoalty  of  Berlin,  1846:  assistant  in  the 
library  of  the  British  Museum,  18M-70 ;  best  known  by 
his  essay  on  the  *Ta1mod,'  in  the  *  Quarterly  Reriew,* 
1867  :  deciphered  Phoenician  inscriptions ;  died  of  cancer 
at  Alexandria.  [xiv.  423] 

DE  YEBE.    [See  also  Verb.] 

BE  VERS,  Sir  AUBREY,  second  baronet  (1788- 
1846),  poet :  educated  at  Harrow :  snooeeded  to  baronetcy, 
1818 :  published  historical  dramas  and  (1848) '  The  Song 
of  Faith,  DoTout  Exercises  and  Sonnets.*        [xiv.  428] 

DEVERSLL,  formerly  PSDLET,  ROBERT  (1760- 
1841),  author:  serenth  wrani^er,  St.  John's  Coltege, 
Oambridge,  1781:  feUow,  1784;  M.A.  1784:  M.P..  Salt- 
ash,  180S ;  published  some  eccentric  works  on  the  know- 
ledge of  the  ancients,  and  propounded  in  *  Hieroglyphics 
and  other  AnUquities'  (1818)  a  strange  theory  that 
Shakespeare's  characters  and  incidents  were  suggested  by 
lunar  appearances.  [xiv.  4S4] 

DEYESEVX,  Sir  JOHN,  second  Baron  Deverkux 
id.  1898),  warrior ;  fought  with  Du  OiMMlln  against  Don 
Falro  in  Spain,  1366 :  governor  of  Limousin,  1870 ;  de- 
feated by  I>u  Ouesclin,  1378 :  senred  with  the  English 
fleet  at  sea,  1377 ;  governor  of  Oalais,  1880 ;  commissioner 
to  negotiate  a  peace  with  Fnmoe,  1882 :  waiden  of  the 
Oinque  Ports,  1387  :  K.O.,  1388.  [xiv.  424] 

DEVSBXVZ,  ROBERT,  second  Earl  op  Esbkx 
(1666-1601),  eldest  son  of  Walter  Devereux,  first  eari 
[q.  T.l:  matriculated  at  Trinity  College,  Oambridge, 
1679 :  M.A.  1681 :  created  knight  banneret  for  his  bravery 
at  Zutphen,  1686 :  became  a  favourite  of  Queen  Elizabeth 
and  master  of  the  horse,  1687 :  quarrdled  with  Charles 
Blount,  earl  of  Devonshire  ([1668-1606)  [q.  v.],  and 
offended  Ralegh :  K.O.,  1688 :  ]oined  the  foction  of  Don 
Antonio,  a  claimant  to  the  thnme  of  Portugal,  1689 ; 
married  Frances,  the  widow  of  Sir  Philip  Sidney,  thereby 
displeasing  Elisabeth,  1690:  supposed  to  favour  puri- 
tanism,  1691 :  commanded  a  force  sent  to  the  help  of  Henry 
of  Navarre,  1691 :  took  Gtoumay,  1691 :  recalled,  1692 : 
privy  councillor,  1693 ;  unsuccessfully  appealed  to  Eliza- 
beth on  two  occasions  to  give  some  preferment  to  Francis 
Bacon,  then  a  struggling  barrister;  reoeived  political 
advice  and  literary  aasistance  from  Bacon ;  assisted  by 
Don  Antonio,  tracked  out  the  plot  of  Roderigo  Lopes 
[q.  v.]  against  the  queen's  life,  1694 ;  established  a  sort 
of  foreign  intelligence  department,  1696 ;  defeated  the 
Spaniards  in  a  naval  battle  off  Oadix,  and  took  the  town, 
1696:  mistakenly  dissuaded  by  his  ocdleagues  from 
putting  out  to  intercept  the  Spanish  treasure  fleet ;  master 
of  the  ordnance,  1697 ;  advised  by  Bacon  to  study  Irish 
aflbdrs;  set  out  on  an  expedition  to  Uie  Axores,  which 
proved  a  failure,  and  was  nearly  intercepted  by  Spanish 
ships  at  Falmouth  on  his  return,  1697  ;  earl-marshal,  1697 ; 
opposed  Bnrghlej's  policy  of  peace  with  Spain,  1698 : 
amnonted  the  queen  when  discussing  the  appointment  of 
a  lord  deputy  in  Lreland,  1698 ;  chancellor  of  Oambridge 
University,  1698 ;  appointed,  amid  popular  rejoicing,  lieu- 
tenant and  governor-general  of  Ireland,  1699 :  punished 
his  soldiers  by  decimation  after  a  defeat  at  Arklow,  1699 ; 
forbidden  to  return  to  England,  and  ordered  to  proceed 
against  Ulster,  1699 ;  made  a  truce,  renewable  every  six 
weeks,  with  Tyrone,  and  set  out  for  London,  arriving  there 
28  Sept.  1699 ;  accused  before  a  specially  constituted  oourt 
of  leaving  his  govomment  and  entering  into  a  *  dishonour- 
able and  dangerous  treaty*  with  Tyrone,  6  June  1600 :  set 
at  liberty,  August  1600:  induced  by  Mount  joy,  South- 
ampton, and  others  f  1601)  to  contrive  a  plot  for  securing 
the  dismissal  of  Elizabeth's  counsellors ;  attempted  to  raise 
*  ciUMns  of  London,  and  was  proclaimed  traitor,  February 
1601 :  tried  at  Westminster  Ball,  where  his  former  friend 
and  protegA  Baoon  spoke  for  the  prosecution,  and  sen- 
tenced to  death,  19  Feb. ;  executed  26  Feb.  1601.  Elizabeth 
Is  said  to  have  been  ready  to  pardon  him  had  he  asked  for- 
giveness, but  the  story  ox  the  ring  and  of  its  suppression 
by  the  Ooontess  of  Nottingham  is  doubtful.  Essex  wrote 
numerous  sonnets,  and  was  credited  by  Wotton  with 
special  skill  in  masques:  as  a  patnm  of  literature  he 
was  panegyrised  by  Daniel,  Chapman,  Spenser,  and  Ben 
Jonson.  [xiv.  486] 

DEYEREirX,  ROBERT,  third  Earl  of  Ebskx  (1691-  . 
1646X  parliamentary  general :  son  of  Robert,  second  earl 
of  Essex  [q.  v.] ;  restored  in  blood  and  honour  by  act  of  ' 


parilament,  1604 :  vice-admiral  in  the  (3adiz  expedition, 
1625  ;  supported  the  PetiUon  of  Right,  1688;  voted  for 
disallowing  Charles  I's  appeal  for  assistance  to  the  Hoose 
of  Lords,  1640 :  privy  councillor,  1641,  voting  for  the 
death  of  Strafford  contrary  to  (Tharies  Ps  expectations; 
general  of  the  parliamentary  army,  1648;  fongfat  at 
Bdgehill,  1642 ;  took  Reading,  1643 ;  declared  in  favour  of 
Pym's  policy  of  continuing  the  war.  164S;  relieved 
Qkracester,  August  1643;  fought  witiM>at  subetantial 
success  at  Newbury,  1643 ;  resigned  from  Irritation  at 
OromweU*s  hostUity  to  the  Scots,  1646.  [xiv.  440] 

DEVEREUX,  WALTER,  first  VUOOUNT  Hrroord 
(d.  1668X  jobit-consUble  of  Warwick  Castle,  1611 ;  vent 
to  act  with  the  Spaniards  in  an  intended  invasion  of 
Quienne,  1618 ;  fought  under  Admiral  Howard  off  Con- 
qnftt,  1613 :  E.G.,  1623 :  chief-jusUce  of  Sooth  Wales, 
1626 :  privy  councillor,  1660 ;  created  Tiscoant  Herefocd. 
1660.  [xiv.  448] 


DEVEESUX,  WALTER,  first  Earl  of  Bbsr  ani 
second  Viscount  Hkrkford  (1641  ?-1676X  Irish  adven- 
turer; succeeded  to  his  grandfather's  titles,  Lord  of 
(?harUey  and  Viscount  Hereford,  1668 ;  raised  a  troop  to 
aid  in  suppressing  the  northern  rebellion  of  1669 ;  BjQ^ 
1672 ;  created  Earl  of  Essex,  1678 ;  undertook  to  oonqoer 
Ulster,  1678 :  attempted  to  rid  Ulster  of  the  Boots  onder 
Sorley  Boy,  but  subsequently  decided  to  ally  Mmarff  with 
the  Soots  against  the  Irishry  of  O'Neill ;  treaeheroorij 
seised  and  executed  Sir  Brian  Mao  Phelim,  1674 :  eait- 
marshal  of  Ireland,  1676 ;  made  a  useless  and  eroel  raid 
in  Rathlin,  and  was  recalled,  1676;  reappointed  cari- 
marshal,  1676;  groundlessly  reported  to  have  been 
poisoned  at  the  Instigation  of  the  Earl  of  Leicestter,  who 
married  his  widow.  [xiv.  443] 

BEVXY,  GBORQE  (1880-1888X  arohlteot :  fdlow  of 
the  Royal  Institute  of  Architects ;  exhibited  at  the  Royal 
Academy,  1841-8;  added  to,  and  altered  many  of  the 
English  mansions.  [xiv.  447] 

DEVI8,    ARTHUR  (17117-1787X    portrait-painter; 
exhibited  at  the  Free  Society  of  Artista,  1762-80  :  rastoced 
Sir  James  Thornton's  paintings  in  the  haU  at  Gresnwioh. 
[xiv.  447] 

SEVI8,  ARTHUR  WILLIAM  (1763-1888),  portiaift 
and  history  painter;  son  of  Arthur  Devis  [q.  v.];  i4>- 
polnted  draughtsman  in  a  voyage  projected  by  the  Bsst 
India  Company,  e.  1783 ;  wrecked  on  the  P^ew  Islands : 
proceeded  to  Ctenton  and  thence  to  Bengal ;  pahited  pov^ 
tndts  and  historical  subjects,  sixty-five  of  whidi  be 
exhibited  (1779-1881)  at  the  R^yal  Academy. 

[zlT.448] 

DEVIBKE,  LOUIS  (1780-1776),  diplomatiflt:  of 
Huguenot  origin ;  educated  at  Westminster  School  and 
Christ  Church,  Oxford ;  M.A.,  1746 :  represented  ""g**"^ 
at  diet  of  Ratisbon ;  envoy  extraordinary  and  minister 
plenipotentiary  at  Stockholm ;  died  at  StooUiolm. 

[xiT.  4«S] 

DEVON,  eleventh  Earl  of.  [See  (Souktbiat,  Wil- 
liam RliOlNALD,  1807-1888.] 

DEVOKBEIBE,  Dukb  of.    [See  Oatbtobh,  Wur 

UAM,    first    DUKK,    1640-1707;     CAYDrDBH,    WlLUAM, 

fourth  Dun,  1780-1764 ;  CAmmiKH,  William  Oborsi 
Spskcsr,  sixth  Dukb,  1790-1868 ;  Cavxhdisb,  Sot  Wil- 
liam, seventh  Ditkb,  1808-1891.] 

DSYOKBHIBS,    Dnomns    of    (1767-1806).      [See 

OATXKDIBH,  QBORaiAXA.] 

DEVOKSHISX  or  DSVOV,  Earls  of.    [See  Btat- 

FORD,    HUMPHRXT,     1489-1469;      OoURTRVAT,     HsnT, 

1496  ?-1688 ;  CouRmf at,  Edward,  1686  Y-186C ;  BLonirr, 
Charlbs,  1663-1606;  Cavkkdisb,  William,  first  Bail, 
d.  1626;  Cayindish,  William,  second  Earl»  169U- 
1628:  Cavendish,  William,  third  Earl.  1617-1684; 
Cavendish,  Wiluam,  fourth  Earl,  1640-1707.] 


DEVOKBHIBE,     Oodntbbs 
Cavendish,  Christiana.] 


OF  (d.    1676)l     [See 


DSWA&,  JAMES  (1793-1846X  musician ;  ovcialst  at 
Stw  George's  Episcopal  Church,  Edinburgh,  1816-46; 
conducted  the  Edinburgh  Musical  Assoeiatloii. 

[xiv.  448] 

D'EWXB  or  DEWXB,  GEBRARD,  GEBRABDT,  or 
GARRET  (<f.  1691),  printer:  descended  from  theaaoieat 
lords  of  Eessel  in  GueklarlaBd;  nnder-wniden  of  the 
Stationers*  Company,  1681.  (zlv.  MB] 


OXWXS  or  DUWZS,  niLI 
Fiwb  UD^nvrD :  llbrw-Uti  u 
IMM)  Resri  Till  :  Inuttmr  at  F 
Tnneb  bemetitr  la 


r  vrr  ud  (t™ 


■.unrisliia 


aupplcmoitcil  by  dlAlwae 


■K™    [q.    . 

Rcijvt  Ootton,  vb< 


sftr . 

Tan  Is  Iba  mMam  nt  Uxfoid,  ICK:  knigblal. 
Mrh  Aatlff  lor  Bmrmk,  iu»:  ilp,  sudbuty,   loiu: 

sMal  teimM,   IHl:  sipdlgd    • — " ■    ■■- 

Oolnd  Pride,  IW:  eoovUal  w 


m  wnsz,  otonas  jambs  (istM-isrii  Biitot  at 

Iki  ■  KinliwaatoB  llmur;.' uid  friud  <Jt  I^gb  Huot. 
Oi  Gawdoi  Clufts  ud  Sir  Juua  SUpbm ;  un  or 
tUori  da  WiU*  Cq.  *.]  [il>.  U4] 

DS  WHJIK,  SAHtJBL  (ITM-lMt),  portnlt-paUiWr: 
un  In  BoltaDd  si  Dntch  pannu:  nblblMt  mt  tbi 
faactj  ci)  ArluU  (17761  uid  tbi  Hoynl  AjHdemy : 
^lod  pDitrkiu  of  Dcun  Ln  uhormatci.  [itt,  US] 

DI  Wnrr.  TETSB  (I/M-JNSI,  lasOiospi-iHUitir : 
■otw  14  (b*  SeelMf  E<  FslnUn  In  WtUr^oloun :  ei- 
blUl^lt  Ibe  HaT>1  Aeadsu;,  tMJ7-M^  piintail  lUo  Ui 
lii^  Ui  ibitt  tnb^wt  belDf  Uia  wener/  ol  nontiErn  noil 


MWOffBT.     WILLIAM 


xiror 


Il-I«e).        qui 

RligltnH  oplaJf 
[Ilv,  191 


innooiiXT,  nHABLBs  tbksvson  (I7m-'Im1), 

fHOdia:    KA.    TriDitT    CoOegt.  CMnbrUgs,    UK: 

OdBAr.' ISIS-M,  tor  Bletdhbuilir.  lS3«-31.uidtatEUin- 
IW.  IBM  ;  Pil-i.,  F.IL?,  1MB ;  S(.P.  tor  Umlwth,  183!- 

Unoitaitiln :   KlTocual   tbu  npal   ol   tbt  corn  sod 
■liiriUai  liKi.  [nil.  4I1S] 

S3ILK  or  D'HELL.  THOKAfi  a740)~17HU>.    [Sm 

SUJB.  TUUM.3.) 


;.  TBOMAa  td.  n*l\  UUn  poH :  alaalBd 

■1  WaDidBncreclH»l  ud  Tnall;  CDU^cOunbrtdKC  . 
Mow.  ICM ;   H-A,  17ia :  D,D,  17»1 :  obaplolD  to  lord 

nul'i.  17U;   tniulaud  I'risr'a  ■Csmm  -Swulate'  tni 

|:M  iBis  IdllD  TCTH.  [IV.  l] 

SIB9D,  OHABLBS(17U-IM4),dnD»UitiuidM>iiu 
■:  anpoBl  'Tb*  HbcDtwnl'*  ArtiBni,'  ■  piuitani 
^   _^^  _. . ^  ,f^_  ^^,, 


Heirlt.'  t7M.  cba  ■ 

DIBDnr,  GU: 

jtHebar  mod  acllai 

SIBDnr,  HBMIY   BDWA 

•DO  it  ObirlH  rHbdln  tbt  7< 


joangtr  (1768-1818),  p. 


s  FnooNA[.L(i7;s- 


nairlailgi  ol  R*ra 


Spmnt^  llbmrr  ■ 


Allbap,  tboach  huoperal  bj  hii 

publiibed  >  '  Blbllognphkal,  Aa- 


itandlei'i  Wtlli:  ■ 


'ritlnifi.  ulClKiagli  ritluDi  by  baok^allKUiTt.  ■»  ofm 
DuioutsLe.  [XT,  8] 

DIBSIX.    THOUA3  JOHN  (1)11-1841),  utor  tM 
jimnliM ;  llliciUDcU  •on  ot  Ubarka  Dibdln  (17U-1HI4> 
.     _. ..     ,  f,^^  ^  ,[^  B«ddQi)i* 


•1  MDt  111 

mil  BiiL 


open;  promptei  lad  uoUh 

Thatre,  wboi  Tmoud  afta .. 

rained   bj   hll  lU-iDcaH  u  proprietor  ol   . 

Tbwtrt,  IHf 9 :   irroCd  lUArlj  two  Iboound  Kn^  and 
ud|>I*J>.  [".SI 

__^D  (1870-1781).  Ratau  nUbolla 
tbe  Eagllib  college.  Douay:   pn- 
iawr    o[    portrj.    17U8-8,    of    lynUX.    I7UB-1U,   end    o[ 

ol  thEOlogr'.  HH-W;  lirar-npoilolLa  ol  Ibe  Bortlwo  dl*. 
trice  ul  KuglAiHl,  1711);  bliLop  ol  Malls  I*  farliiui 
lii>*rfli.n.,17«l.  [ir.  II] 

SIOETO.  RALPH  UK  {J.   I!M  7X  doui  (rf  SC  Pgul'e  ; 
u<:bdfKaiiD[  UbVllevi,  11(9;  dcnn  of  Et.  I'suI'I,  1181): 


tin  Ire 


BIOK,    Si 


V  uid  oliapcl  « 


kt  Bdlnbui^  uKi  Ley  deb ;  J 
;    prnldent  of  tbe  Call<«B  of  Ffajilcliui  of 


Boy»l  aooirty  ot  Edlubkirgb  :  koUI  mEdKlllJl 
ArU'Ior  but  specimen  of  rbuboib,'  1711:  i 

SICK.    ANNE.  LiPT  (d.    1711).  nm 


of  areylri*™,  Oleigow.  IBUl-SJ;  D.D.  Prlnceua  Coi- 
lt|».  Ktw  Jenef.  ISlt:  tbeobxlsl  profoiwr  to  tb( 
■HHlste  tynod,  liilu-U,  [it.  UJ 


DICXtX,  OBOROK  (IM)-lsa: 
■eiei  Uultchal  Oolite.  Abudwii.  I83D 
liiili     hlrtor;.    Belful.   IIM9-eil:    U.D.. 


■  Xmbhl;  lUeul 

1SU:^w  »[«.._ 

'NLMcbabrBo»,'18U:< 

ISM:  pradnccd-OUrerTi 

18S7-S,    uid    -NlDholiu   NLcHoDj,'    ISaS-B,    t 

namWrd:  wrote  ^Mut«r  Humpbrev't  Cloct,'  n  n 

ia4D-L  In  which  HTwt  Hiqwurd  -Otd  Curiosity  & 

And  'BH-nidby  Rdt^«';  edited  'Ptc-NiD  Fopen'  foi 


topjriBlil  I 


.(,IWS),*1 


vncH  BmdeU  OcrutU,  In  pL ^.. 

'ChriRmu  Ouul,'  IMli   Kttl«d  it 

roto  tbd  'Chltna'  nadlivniBl  TtaMou, 
IBM;  liTicRiiuiral'DBlly  Hewi,-  Jumcr  IMS.  rsil^- 
Ins  In  PfbruBiy:  wrote  to  Switierliiiid.  IMB,  -Donibej 

niAbaSpr  of  h  tbstncnl  Nnipvif  whlcb  pprfonneri  RlUn- 
bettuiD  drunon  And  TOChlcm  coincriia  Ln  the  vrut  pro- 

"ft'oida,'  IMB.  and  inliiHiDHii:)'  ■  All  cbe  Yaa  Mokuul  ■ : 
pnblisbHl  ■TbEBmuiUdMao,'  I8M.  and  '  ttaridCoppa- 
flild'  In  nuatlUf  nnmlien.  ISII-M;  produced  ■  II Ink 
BouH'  in  bbtUI  (am.  lEH-3,  'Hiid  Tlmai,'  IU4.  utd 
'Uttli  DDrrlC  IBU-I;  bigu  to  gin  pnbUc  nAdlnax. 
IMB :  poWUhid  hli '  TiUe  of  T«o  Olttm  ■  fc  '  All  Ui»  Y«r 
Koiud,'  tui;  pndDoid  'Orsl  SineotsClDDi.'  ISM-1, 
■nd'OarMDHu]  Friend,'  IBU-t.botb  Inmontblflnilal- 


■Igie.  and  pabli 
UWw.  £iv.  8 
1UI),    biihon 


DioKnreoiT,    

Ueath ;  M.A.  Trinity  Coll«((o,  Dnbli 
tlie  Feaitle  Orpbin  Hduh,  Dublin.  iOt:  tIist  of  BL 
Asns'i,  Dublin,  la» :  U.D.,  ISU ;  Uibop  of  Much.  IMO-t : 
publlabed  icnnoni  and  tncu.  [it.  3f] 

mOXIKBtnT  or  SIOSEKSOir,  EDHUHS  (IIM- 
170J),  pfartioiu  uid  ulcbemlH :  olncilcd  at  SIsd  ul 
McTUn  Oolle^e.  Oifonl :  probatlonR'-fcllow.  1H7:  it  t , 
lUt :  U.D.,  lUB :  IndDDisd  bj  MuudBnoi.  ■  Fnnch  idiiil. 
to  itudj'  cbomlstry ;  P.C.P,  ISf; ;  physUaan  In  ordlnm 
to  Olarln  II  uid  lumet  u  ;  publiibed  ■  Delphi  PbaaiA 

B  pliilowphj  on  tbe  Pentalench,  170».  [n.  tt] 

DKHOHBOH.  JAMBS  (1G&1I-1711).  qnskn;  qmte 
Tioi.  TiiitJng  Barbados 


oiomiaoir,  johk 


tbe  doth  of  Qoeen  ttiaj,  IML 

["■«] 

•rritcr  (n  Inlk: 


WOKIBBOir.  WILLIAM  (1T«-ISI3).  m 

smver;  KKanlal  pranium  by  SoPirtr  t<  An*,  17(7: 
print«eUer.  1771;  died  lu  Puis;  engmTid  AU£j  uiba 
Sir  Joalioa  ReynoMl.  [it.  K] 

DIOKOVB,  UATUA(l7n)?-^lBU1,TDmiM:a^FaDto: 


tpiwarvd  ■ 


ie  Lywiun  u  OIitb  In 


OK.  ADAM(17»l-177B),»iTl 

burgh :   locumhent  of  Wblttin«h»a>  i 

7S9-7«:  ohiEf  worki,  'The  HnibMidrT 

pnbliibed  17BB,iinii  ■■Trenti ■ -^ 

,  roL  II.  1170. 


SICESOM,    Sir   ALEXAKDBB  (irTT-lBtO),  nujir 
>rnilei7 ;  Hoond  tleutcnant.  ngwi  wtiOaj. 

— . .  i^^j  ^  VsletU,  1800;  ims- 

oimiian  m  nmugrj  in  eniCh  Amerie*,  mat  I  brlfudf- 

nwior  In  tin  opfmHou  befon  Oporto,  IHW :  vajot  ud 

UeotRuinl-oatoiMl  In   Uw  FnrtnpH  •errloe;   apBrtk- 

tendfld  artUlny  operttloni  In  I^aIoiuIa,  IBII  ud  I8U: 

Hunmuidcd  ulUed  ■rtJUnr  utTlRoria,  ISIli  fa«h(  >t 

itarloo,  1§U;  Inipmtor  ol  ■nlllery.  ISM;  >llniitiit- 

LiTalor  t^fle1d'(TAbidepnrtineaC.ll^;  nujor«aiBi^ 

rr :  O.C.B.,  isas ;  PJl.GA  [rr. »] 

DIOKMS,    ALBIASDEB    (IMa-l«gTX    botMlit: 

'.  »i  Edinboriih.  ItWU;  prDteHiw  at 

lllu^w.  IHCH,  and  At  Bdlnbunfa, 
B70^  regluft  kemT  of  tlieHoyHl  Botmnlc  OnnJm,  Sdlo- 
luryb,  la7e:  I.ill).  Glugow :  F.IUS.  Bdinboi^h:  pub- 


Koiird  Ht  Qlad^w  feui 
Colti«(  Cliarcb  uid 


islnS'l 


ELIZABETH     (17Ba?-18a)X      phllun- 

, TetaOom  itwut  plmcj  (IBOSt,  which  lod 

BxmMIb'i  aipBUtioo :  died  tt  Tripoli. 

["-  Ml 

r,JAXE3(17I7?-lM1).l>"wiiti:al  bumble 
bat  of  'CbUIo^ib  Pl^tATum  Oijpto^iunl- 


KOCMB.SUt  JAUm  EtOBHETfim-lKIIX  &>>«»- 
in  IMMBIBB  i  nmd  Id  (ntf  o(  GlaHow  Bulk :  eml- 
^idtoTkMri^  ISM,  and  ■>!««  BiuJi  ot  ^irinlulc ; 

1 iJiiiil  Hsu(  gf  AHBtblT.'lSTI-sr.uid.  ll?«^,'bdd 


Isoppl.  IL  U 


'TtirdteerotFlv^M  taacbt  In  tba  »._ 
■1  riaDtr  wrlOiRi;    eHflflaUa   bJpoUicM   ( 
PoMlcUr  udtuunniUaiej  si  lU  tIUI  utioiui. 

ntXBOir.  WILLIAM  {IJfl-lSWX  Iri!h  b 
"lioBd  It  Btoo  ID*  HfTlfonf  collie,  Olflitil  : 
l^;  Ifioid  of  CbHTlu  Jhuh  Fov  ;  tjiabop  of  Dou 

DICMOK,  WILLIAM  GILLESPrE(lMi-l»;6 

«mit»nil»ii™r«l*-pmHalDf  MKUrHliu.lf!J6-(ii :  i 

ini  ■.  [Mihlitlwl  ■  Trwlto  m  tbe  Iaw  oI  Evlrju 


IMIT,  ETBRAHD  (X  "»)■  dlTfaf  ami 
r  If  Si  Jolu)"!  ColUae.  Cambrliigt.  lt«7  : 
'-.  I^T  MUEarct  fellow,  liil:  M.A..  1B7' 
■     IT  Mlesolln 


its ;  propotmilal  a  throrr  oj 
DtlTc  oormpoDilcDcc  of  mLDil 

DIBBY,  Sill  evi:rai[Ii 


ihiis.  B  Not.  1IU6 :  cieeutol.  IW!.  {.t.  61J 

DISBY,  UBUIIOE.  wcoad  Bahi,  nr  Biiistol  (Itll' 
1677),  Ha  of  John  OigbT.  Bnl  <*rl  of  lin>U4  [q.  T.]: 

U.A.,  leai :  iltantHl  UomsD  i^alliullolnn  Id  'conv 
ipouloDn  wILb  SliKdirlDi  Dltiby  [q,  t.I.  ie38-«:  ILP. 
Domt,  luu ;  oppuHil  Iblid  rewllng  of  bill  [gr  StnfDrd'f 
itbalDder.  tbonah  on  oooiDiincc  fur  bit  ImpeHchawDti 
IMI;  IDCCeCdsl  u  B«rcm  DiEbT.  IM1  ;  flid  to  Holluul 
(Ita)  uid  wu  Impeulisl  bj  default  tot  Icrjliiit  rof^lrt 
, — ..  -_  ™_^_  ■   .  „__.,„_  [ j,,^  ^m  p,^  „p 


f :  foogbt  for  Cbarls  I  Kt  msebjll.  K 


m.lty    II 


of  Uw  Tri 

Ai:  d<4«ud  ( 

CullMr  E 

udi; 

d  to  yrtaa 

U  ProDdi, 

ioF 

:  dKKinal 

111  »o" 

IIU    I«IliB)Lt 

'"■l,"V"c^rl 

t«  Isio  F 

ooVd»pri"al 

Ma  '  K.G, 

IdiillT  Itniw 

).whol«d 

roUai 

m  mirrUge  for 

(hekme: 

i™dd." 

8   U>    WnlpolB. 

tniuUtal 

frool 

h  flnt  Ibree 

boom 

qf  ■CuwndnL 

[H 

"1 

Wlfbj,  1 


muidHl  ■ 
RiKht,  ISJ 


de  Utdlcii;  jcrined 


IXT.^61 

EEN  ELU  ( 1603- 1  MB  X  autbor,  nsiaU'Din- 
llplomiuiit :  BOD  of  Sir  Eisvti  SiKb; 
».];  anUral  GloacaMr  Hall  (Woii-ala 

-enoe  lo  ncADe  tin*  imp4>rtuil1Un  of  Muriv 
knljrhwd, •-—    " ■- 


EoBtand.   UJB;  pnlf«B« 


mrrtUol  wilh  him  at 
IDHlaad  Kiid  •KBS  bimL>< 

1  Kp^luid  on  permlui 


deteaua   Fr« 
tEtu'm  nftei  IftSO.  but 


Bppealfd  to  the  KniillBh 


DIGBY 


S42 


DIl4liON 


cUimed  to  hare  duoovered  a  *  ^mpatbetlc  powder '  for  the 
care  of  woonds  (it  was  of  no  medioiBAl  valoe).  In 
philoeophy  be  followed  the  schoolmen,  writing  by  Uie  aid 
of  Thomas  White  [q.  vj  *■  Institationom  PeripateUcarom 
libri  qoinqae,'  16S1.  His  'Private  Memoirs*  were  first 
printed  in  1887.  [xr.  60] 

DIOBT.  KENBLM  HENRY  (1800-1880Y,  misoel- 
laneoas  writer ;  B.A.  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  1819 : 
converted  to  Roman  Catholicism ;  author  of  '  The  Broad* 
Stone  of  Honour,'  1828, '  Mores  Gatholici,'  1831-40,  some 
boolcs  on  the  emotional  aspects  of  cathoUdsm,  and  a  few 
poemfu  [XV.  66] 

DIGBT,  LETTIOB,  Ladt  (1W8?-1668):  created 
Baroness  Oflaley  ;  hdren-general  to  the  Earls  of  Kildare 
on  the  death  of  her  father,  Qerald  Fitzgerald ;  married 
Sir  RobeH  Digby  of  Coleshill,  1606;  held  OeashiU  Castle 
against  Irish  rebels,  1648.  [xv.  67] 

DIOBT,  ROBERT  (1788-1815),  admiral :  great-grand- 
son of  William,  fifth  baron  DIgby  [q.  v.] ;  commanded 
the  Dunkirk  at  the  battle  of  Quiberon  Bay,  1759 ;  com- 
manded in  PaUiaer's  division  off  Ushant,  1778;  rear- 
admiral,  1779 :  second  in  command  in  liodney's  expedi- 
tion for  rdief  at  Gibraltar,  1779 :  commander-in-chief  in 
North  America,  1781 :  admiral,  1794.  [xv.67] 

DIOBT,  YENETIA,  Ladt  (1600-1 633);  tu^  Stanley : 
married  Sir  Kenelm  Digby  [q.  v.],  1635  ;  commemorated 
in  elegies  by  Ben  Jonson  and  others.  [xv.  60] 

DIOBT.  WILLIAM,  fifth  Baron  Diobt  (1661-1758) : 
B.A.  Magdalen  Ck)llege,  Oxford,  1681 :  D.O.L.,  1708 :  M.P., 
Warwickshire,  1689 :  included  in  tlie  Act  of  Attainder 
passed  by  James  II's  parliament  at  Dublin,  1689  :  member 
of  the  common  council  for  (Georgia,  1733.  [xv.  68] 

DI0GE8,  Sir  DUDLEY  (1583-1639),  diplomatist  and 
judge;  son  of  Thomas  Digges  [q.  v.];  B.A.  University 
Coll^re,  Oxford,  1601 ;  knighted,  1607 ;  founded  a  com- 
pany to  trade  with  the  East  by  the  supposed  north-west 
passage,  1613 ;  authorised  to  lend  10,000/.  from  the  funds 
of  the  East  India  Company  to  tbffi  emperor  of  Russia, 
1618 :  M.P.,  Tewkesbury,  1631,  1634,  1635,  and  1636 ; 
opened  case  against  Duke  of  Buckingham,  1636;  M.P., 
Kent,  1628 ;  influential  in  preparing  the  Petition  of  Right, 
1638 :  sharply  maintained  right  of  House  of  Commons  to 
criticise  ministers  of  state,  1688 ;  placed  on  the  high  com- 
mission, 1633 ;  master  of  the  rolls,  1636 :  joint-author 
with  his  father  of  'Foore  Paradoxes  or  l\>Utlque  Dis- 
courses,' 1604.  [XV.  68] 

DI0GE8,  DUDLEY  (1613-1643),  political  writer ;  son 
of  Sir  Dudl^  Digges  [q.  v.];  M.A.  University  College, 
Oxford,  1636 ;  fellow  of  AU  Souls',  Oxford,  1633 ;  wrote  in 
support  of  doctrine  of  passive  obedience.  [xv.  70] 

DI0OE8,  LEONARD  id.  1671?),  mathematician; 
studied  at  University  College,  Oxford ;  author  of  '  Tecto- 
nicon,*  1556,  *A  Geometricall  Practise,  named  Panto- 
metria*  (published,  1571),  and  '  An  Arithmeticall  Militare 
Treatise,  named  Stratioticos  *  (published,  1579) ;  said  to 
have  anticipated  invention  of  telescope.  [xv.  70] 

DI0GE8,  LEONARD  (1588-1635),  poet  and  trans- 
lator: son  of  Thomas  Digges  [q.  v.];  M.A.  University 
C'OU^e,  Oxford,  1636 :  tnmslated  Claudian's  *  Rape  of 
Proserpine,*  1017,  and  '(^erardo,*  a  Spanish  novel,  1638; 
wrote  two  poems  in  praise  of  Shakespeare.         [xv.  71] 

DIOOE8,  THOMAS  (d.  1595),  mathematician  ;  son  of 
Leonard  Digges  (d.  1571  ?)  [q.  v.]  ;  M.A.  Queens'  College, 
Cambridge,  1557  ;  M.P.,  Wallingford,  1578,  Southampton, 
1585 :  muster-master-general  of  the  English  forces  in  the 
Netherlands,  1586 :  commissioned,  with  others,  to  equip 
expedition  for  exploration  of  Cathay  and  Antarctic  seas, 
1590 ;  publishol  some  of  bis  father's  works,  and  wrote 
works  on  applied  mathenuitics,  highly  esteemed  by  Tycbo 
Brahe,  [xv.  71] 

DI00E8,  WEST  (1730-1786X  actor :  appeared  first  at 
the  Smock  All^  Theatre,  Dublin,  as  Jaflier  in  *  Venice 
Preserved,'  1749 :  played  Cato  at  the  Haymarket,  1777 ; 
an  admirable  exponent  of  Shakespeare's  Wolsey. 

[XV.  78] 

DIOHTOV,  DENLS  (1793-1 837X  battle  painter; 
m'ditary  draughtsman  to  the  Prince  of  Wales,  1815 ; 
exhibited  at  the  Royal  Academy,  1811-35 ;  died  at  St. 
Servan,  Brittany.  [xv.  74] 

DIOHTOK,  ROBERT  (1753  ?-1814),  portrait-painter, 
caricaturist,  and  etcher :  etched  a  '  Book  of  Heada,'  cari- 


caturing leading  coonid,  nilitary  oflUsers,  acton,  and 
actresses,  1795 ;  discovered  to  have  abatraoted  etchtngs 
and  prints  from  the  British  Moscam,  1806.         [zv.  74] 

DIOVUX,  CHARLES  (1765  7-1837X  Toealist;  first 
appeared  at  Dmry  Uwe  in  *  Love  hi  a  YiUago,*  17S4 : 
particularly  successful  as  Tom  Tug  in  the  *  Waterman* 
and  as  Crop  in  *  No  Song,  No  Supper' ;  sang  at  Drniy 
Lane  oratorios.  [xr.  75] 

DILKE,  ASHTON  WENTWORTH  (18SO-1883X 
traveler  and  politician ;  younger  son  of  Sir  Obarlea  Went- 
worth  Dilke  [q.  v.] ;  scholar  of  Trinity  Hall,  Oambridge; 
travdled  in  Russia  and  Central  Asia;  editor  of  the 
'  Weekly  Dispatch ' ;  KJ?.  for  Newcastle,  1880 ;  died  at 
Algiers ;  translated  TourgueniefTs  *  Virgin  Sou,'  1878. 

[XT.  75] 

DILKE,  CHARLES  WENTWORTH  (178»-18MXanti> 
qoary  and  critic ;  brought  out  continuation  of  Dodsley^ 
'Old  Plays*  between  1814  and  1816:  acquainted  witli 
Charles  Armitage  Brown  Tq.  v.],  Keata,  Sbdley,  and  Hood  : 
edited  the  *  Athensnm,*  1830-46,  procoring  contribntioos 
from   continental   writers — an   innovation    In   Engliab 
journalism ;  manager  of  the  *  Daily  News,*  1846 ;  discasserf 
in  the  *  Athenaeum'  after  1847  the  anthorsbip  of  tbe 
*  Letters  of  Junius,'  his  criticism  being  mainly  deatroetiTe 
of  the  claim  of  Sir  Philip  Francis ;  wrote  in  defence  of 
Wilkes  and  Peter  Pindar ;  threw  much  light  on  Fbpeli 
career  and  writings  in  papers  published  in  tbe  *Athe> 
naeom  *  and  *  Notes  and  Queries.*  [xv.  76] 

DUXE,  Str  CHARLES  WENTWORTH,  flnt  baitmst 
(1810-1869):  son  of  Charles  Wentworth  Dilke  [q.  v.]; 
educated  at  Westminster  and  Trinity  Hall,  Ounbridge; 
BJL,  1834  ;  among  the  fint  to  propose  tbe  Intematiooal 
Exhibition  of  1851,  and  one  of  tte  executive  conunittae; 
created  baronet,  1868 ;  M.P.,  Wallingford,  186»-8 ;  died  at 
St.  PMersburg.  [zv.  77] 

DILKE8,  Sir  THOMAS  n667  7-1707),  rear-admiral: 
lieutenant  under  James  II ;  fought  at  1^  Hogne,  1693 : 
brought  home  West  Indies  squadron,  1697  :  rear-admiral 
of  the  white,  1703;  captured  French  merchantmen  at 
Avranches,  1703;  knighted,  1704;  defeated  French 
blockading  squadron  at  Gibraltar,  1705 ;  died  at  Leghorn. 

[XV.  78] 

DILLEVIU8,  JOHN  JAMES  (1687-1747X  botanical 
professor  at  Oxford;  bom  at  Darmstadt ;  M.D.  GiesKn ; 
first  professor  of  botany  at  Oxford,  1788-47 ;  M.D.  Ozfocd, 
1735 ;  highly  esteemed  as  a  scientist  by  Linnseos:  chkf 
work,  *  Historia  Muscorum,*  1741.  [xv.  79] 

DimjrOHAIC,  FRANCIS  ( /f.  1611),  divine;  fdlow 
of  Christ's  CoUege,  Cambridge ;  M.A.,  1590;  B.D,  1699; 
renowned  as  a  disputant;  presented  to  tbe  living  of 
WUden,  Bedfordshire;  one  of  the  timnslaton  of  the 
authorised  version  (161 IX  and  a  protestont  oontrover- 
siaUst.  [XT.  79] 

DILLIirOHAK,  THEOPHILUS  (1618-1678X  master 
of  Clare  Hall,  Oambridge ;  MA.  Emmanuel  CoUege,  OUn- 
bridge,  1637 :  fellow  of  Sidney  Sussex  College,  Oambridge, 
1638 ;  DJ). ;  master  of  Chire  Hall,  1654 ;  vioe-ohanoeUor  of 
the  university,  1655,  1656,  and  1661 ;  ejected  fitnn  his 
maitership  at  the  Restoration ;  prebendary  of  York,  1663. 

DILLIVOHAK,  WILLIAM  (16177-1689),  litin  poet 
and  controversialist ;  fellow  of  Emmanud  CoUege,  C^- 
bridge,  1648 ;  M.A.,  1643 ;  master  of  Emmanuel  (college, 
1653-63;  D.D.,  1655;  vice-chancellor  of  the  univcnity, 
1659 :  deprived  of  mastership  by  the  Act  of  Unifonni^, 
1663  ;  rector  of  Woodhill,  Bedfonlshire  1673-89 ;  published 
Latin  poems,  1678,  *  JE^yptas  triumphata,*  1680,  and  other 
poems  and  English  tractates.  [xv.  80] 

DILLOK,  ARTHUR  (1670-1733X  general  in  tbe 
French  service :  colonel  of  a  Jacobite  regiment  serving 
in  France,  1690:  martehal-de-camp,  1704;  Ueatenant- 
general  under  Teesd  in  Provence,  1707;  superintended 
entrenchments  at  siege  of  Barodoua,  1714 ;  Pretoider's 
agent  at  Paris  ;  died  at  St.  Germain.  [xv.  81] 

DILLON,  ARTHUR  RICHARD  (1760-1794%  general 
in  the  French  service;  nephew  of  ArchbLsbop  Arthnr 
Richard  Dillon  [q.  v.] ;  colonel,  under  Lonis  XV,  1767 ; 
governor  of  St.  Kitt's  ;  brigadier-general,  1784  ;  governor 
oi  Tobago  and  deputy  for  Martinique  in  the  National 
Assembly :  Jacobin  general ;  served  hi  the  Argoone,  1798; 
supplanted  by  Duniouriea,  1793 ;  guillotined,  1794. 

[xv.  83] 


DUXON 


848 


DINGIiBY 


SULCm,  ABTHUR  RIOHARD  (17S1-1806X  French 
pKiate ;  8on  at  Arthor  DiUon  (l<{7a-I7S3)  [q.  v.]  :  bishop 
of  Brreox,  17M :  Ard&UBhop  of  Toaloaae,  1768,  and  of  Nar 
bonne.  176t ;  hte  dioaete  abol 


I 


in  London. 


iahed  by  a  o(Hioonlat;  died 
[xr.  88) 


Vnuam,  EIX>UA(ID(1751-1889X  French  general  and 
dipfcmiafeist :  colonel  of  the  ProTenoe  regiment :  formed  a 
new  DOkm  regiment  at  Ooblenz,  1791 ;  lieatenant-general, 
1814  ;  aD^nandor  to  Saxony,  1816-18,  and  to  Tuscany, 
1819.  [xy.  82] 

BZLLOV,  Sm  JAMBB  iJL  1667%  the  fliet  Dillon  who 
aerred  la  fbnl^  armies :  lieatenant-goieral  and  governor 
of  ^*MiTnt  and  Ccmnaoght ;  took  part  in  Lelnster  revolt, 
16ftS ;  cxoepted  from  pardon  onder  Act  of  Settlement, 
16SS;  farigMdier-geneial  in  senrioe  of  Spain  and  the 
Pronte:  rwirfmr*^  by  Charles  II  for  his  loyalty,  166S. 

[XV.  88] 

Vnuem^  JOHN  BLAKB  ( 1816-1866X  insh  politician  : 
grataite  and  modeFator,  Trinity  O^ege,  Dablin ;  callol 
to  tte  Mah  bar,  1811 ;  joint-founder  of  the  *  Nation  * 
annpaper,  IMS ;  led  rebds,  1818,  at  MuUinahone  and  KiUe- 
Bsaos.  evcntnaUy  esoaping  to  the  United  States ;  secretary 
to  lbs  Iriflh  Natlcmal  AssodaUon,  1866 :  M.P.,  Tipperary, 
' :  opponent  of  fenianism.  [xv.  83] 


SIII4>V.  &R  JOHN  TALBOT  (1740  7-1806X  traveller, 
ertttcand  historloal  writer :  M.P.  for  Blessington,  in  the 
IriA  paittammt,  1776-88 ;  made  a  free  baron  of  the  Holy 
Roiaui  Bmpire  at  Tienna,  previous  to  1780;  created 
bsxanei,  1801 ;  poblisbed  *  Travels  through  Spain,*  1780, 
shiitoiyof  Spanish  poetry  in  the  form  of  letters,  1781, 
OMBioin  of  tie  French  Revolution,  1790,  and  *  Sketches 
oi  ttie  Art  of  Bsinting,*  translated  from  the  Spanish, 
im.  [XV.  84] 

SILLOV,  8m  LUOAS  (d.  1698X  chief-baron  of  Irish 
aeheqaer ;  ton  of  Sir  Robert  Dillon  (1600  7-1680)  [q.  v.] ; 
nikit0rg«Dcral  tor  Ireland,  1666 :  attomey-genoal,  1666  ; 
ILP^  1669 ;  ehief  baron  of  court  of  Irish  exchequer,  1670 ; 
billed,  1676 ;  seneschal  of  Kilkenny  West,  1683  :  one 
«f  kR^  joattoes  appointed  to  administer  government 
{Rutiiig  arrival  of  Sir  John  Perrot  [q.  v.],  1684 :  oonmiis- 
Mnfor  plantation  of  Munster,  1687.     [Suppl.  ii.  152] 


miOV,  PBTKR  (1786  7-1847),  navigator  in  South 
Sm;  engaged  in  aandsJ-wood  trade  between  West  Paoiflc 
Wnils  and  CAiina,  and,  18SS-6,  was  employed  in  timber- 
ttiAe  for  the  Bast  India  market :  went  in  search  of  lost 
Hfi  of  La  P^RNXse,  whose  expedition  was  wrecked  on 
te  Santa  Crux  group,  1827-8,  and  published  account  of 
*Qfige,  18S9.  [Suppl.  iL  133] 

miLOV,  Sm  BOBBBT  (16007-1680),  Irish  judge; 
tttom^-geoeial  for  Irdand,  1684:  second  jusUce  of 
if»m*»  boMsb,  1664  ;  chief- justice  of  court  of  common 
Iitai.  1669-80.  [SuppL  iL  136] 

9ILL0V,  Sm  ROBERT  (d.  1697X  Irl«h  judge :  second  : 
jvttoeof  prarideneyof  Oonnaught,  1669;  chancellor  of 
Iriib  exchequer,  1672 ;  second  justice  of  court  of  common 
pleaa,  1677 ;  chief-justloe,  1681 ;  accused  of  corruption  and 
eraelty,  imprisoned,  and  oompdied  to  resign  chief -justice- 
Alp,  1893:  declared  Imiooent;  restored  to  chief- justicc- 
lUp  of  Ireland,  1696.  [SuppL  IL  136] 

SULOV,  ROBERT  CRAWFORD  (1796-1847Xdivuxe  ; 
KA.  81.  Edmund  Hall,  Oxfotd,1820;  D.D.,  1836;  chap- 
Ua  to  AMrrman  Yenables  when  lord  mayor,  1826,  whom 
hesrrnmpanied  on  an  ofBeial  visit  to  Oxford :  published 
a  torgid  and  poerile  account  of  this  visit,  which  the  lord 
Bsjor  vainly  requested  him  to  suppress,  1826  ;  suspended 
(or  inmocali^  from  his  proprietary  chapel  in  Oharlotte 
9tnKi,  Fimlioo,  1840 :  foundai  a  new  church  in  Friar 
Stnet,  Blackfrian :  *  first  preebyter.*  [xv.  86] 

OOLOV,  THEOBALD  (1746-1792%  general  in  the  i 
^RBch  service ;  Uentenant-colond  in  Dillon's  regiment,  | 
1T90 :  took  part  in  attack  on  Grenada,  1779 ;  knight  of 
8t.  Louis,  1781 :  brigadier-generaL  1791 ;  murdered  by  his 
ova  republican  troops  in  a  panic  at  Toumay,  1792. 

[xv:86] 

SniOK,  TH03CAS,  fourth  Viscount  Dillon  (1616  ?- 
ltn?XlDid  of  tbO  privy  council  in  Ireland,  1640 ;  joint 
fwenor  of  oo.  Mayo,  1641 ;  served  under  Charles  1, 1642, 
Wag  deputed  tqr  the  Irish  parliament  to  present  a  state- 
■■Bt  of  its  grievances  to  the  king ;  lord  president  of 
Oooasaght;  joined  the  Marquis  of  Ormonde's  rising, 
l^tt;  sppolnted  eostoa  rotulomm  by  Charles  II,  1662. 

[XV.  86] 


DILLOK  or  DB  LEON,  THGTMAS  (1618-1676  ?X 
Jesuit :  novice  of  the  Society  of  Jesus  at  Seville,  1627 ; 
proferaed  father ;  professor  of  humanities  at  (3adix,  1640- 
1676  ?  ;  a  skilled  orientalist  and  theologian.       [xv.  87] 

DILLON,  WBNTWORTH,  fourth  Earl  ov  Roscom- 
Mox  (1633  7-1686) ;  educated  at  the  protettant  university 
of  Caen;  studied  Italian  and  numismatics  at  Rome; 
member  of  th^  Irish  parliament,  1661 ;  captain  of  the 
band  of  gentlemen  pensioners,  1661;  honorary  LL.D. 
Cambridge,  1680;  D.C.L.  Oxford,  1683;  chief  works,  a 
blank  verse  translation  of  Horace's  '  Ars  Poetica,*  1680, 
and  an  '  Essay  on  Translate!  Verse,*  1684.  He  was  the 
first  critic  who  publicly  praised  BCilton's  *  Psrsdise  Lost.* 

[XV.  87] 

DILLOK,  Sir  WILLIAM  HENRY  (1779-1867X  admi- 
ral :  son  of  Sir  John  Talbot  Dillon  [q.  t.]  ;  oo-c^^erateil 
with  the  array  as  naval  lieutenant  off  Wexford  ai¥l 
arrested  Skallian,  1798 ;  seized  by  the  Dutch  commodore, 
Valterbach  (1803X  and  handeil  over  to  the  French  for  de- 
tention: commander,  1806:  with  one  sloop  defeated  a 
Danish  man-of-vrar  brig,  1808 ;  served  at  Waldieren,  off 
Spain  and  in  Bast  Indies :  K.C.H.,  and  knighted,  1836 ; 
vice-admiral  of  the  red,  1868.  [xv.  89] 

DILLOK-LEE,  HENRY  AUGUSTUS,  thhrteenth  Vis- 
count Dn^LOM  ( 1 777- 1839X  writer;  colonel  in  the  Irish 
brigad^  1794;  M.P.,  Harwich,  1799:  knight  for  co. 
Mayo,  1802,  1806,  1807,  and  1812 ;  published  worka  of 
political  jurisprudence,  an  edition  of  iBUan's  ^Tkcttos,' 
1814,  and  *  The  Life  and  Opinions  of  Sir  Richard  Mai- 
travers  *  (novdX  1822.  [zv.  90] 

DILLWTV.  LEWIS  WESTON  (1778-1866X  natural- 
ist ;  published  his  Natural  History  of  British  Conftarve,* 
1802-9 ;  in  charge  of  the  Cambrian  pottery  atj  Swansea, 
1802;  trained  public  taste  for  natural-history  dedgns; 
high  sheriff  of  Glamorganshire,  1818 ;  M.P.,  Glamorgan- 
shire, 1882-41 ;  wrote  *■  Flora  and  Fauna  of  Swansea '  for 
the  British  Association,  1848.  [xv.  90] 

DILLT,  CHARLES  n739-1807x  bookseller:  at  one 
time  in  partnership  with  his  brother  Edward  [q.v.l : 
noted  for  the  hospitality  that  he  extended  tOMrards  uie 
writers  of  the  day:  published  Boswell's  *Toar  in  the 
Hebrides,'  1780,  and  the  *  Life  of  Johnson,*  1791 ;  master 
of  the  Stationers'  Company,  1803.  [xv.  91] 

DILLY,  EDWARD  (1732-1779X  bookseller ;  brother  of 
Charles  Dilly  [q.  v.] ;  exported  works  of  dissenting  theo- 
logy to  America.  [xv.  99] 

DILLY,  JOHN  (1731-1806X  brother  of  Charles  Dilly 
[q.  v.]  ;  Boswell's  *  Squire  Dilly ' ;  high  sheriff  of  Bedford- 
shire, 1788.  [XV.  91] 

DDCOGX,  JAMES  (d.  1718  ?X    [See  Dtmockk.] 

DmOOK,  JAMES  FRANCIS  (1810-1876X  divine; 
B.A.  St.  John's  CollqEre*  Cambridge,  1833 ;  M.A.,  1837 ; 
minor  canon  of  Southwell,  1846-63 ;  rector  of  Bun- 
borough,  1863  till  death :  prebendary  of  Lincoln,  1869-76  ; 
gublished  works  relating  to  ecclesiastical  and  mediaval 
istory.  [SuppL  IL  136] 

DIKSDALE,  THOMAS  (1712-1800X  physician ;  volun- 
teer under  the  Duke  of  Cumberland,  1746 ;  M.D.,  1761 ; 
inoculated  for  small  pox  the  Empress  (^therlne,  various 
Russian  princes,  and  the  Hawaiian  Omai;  councillor  of 
state  in  Russia  with  hereditikry  title  of  baron,  1768 :  M.P., 
Hertford,  1780  and  1784 ;  wrote  on  inoculation,  [xv.  92] 

DnrELEY-(H>ODERE,  Sir  JOHN  (d.  1809X  poor 
knight  of  Windsor;  succeeded  to  baronetcy  of  Burhopo 
in  Wdlington,  Herefordshire,  1761  ;  subsequently  poor 
knight  of  Winder ;  cherished  delusive  claims  to  certain 
(mythical)  estaten.  [xv.  93] 

DDTOLEY,  ROBERT  (1619-1660),  puritan  divine: 
M.A.  Magdalen  College,  Oxford;  parliamentarian 
preacher  and  rector  of  Brightstone,  Isle  of  Wight ;  pub- 
lished religious  worka.  [xv.  94] 

DDTOLEY  or  DINELSY,  THOMAS  (tf.  1696X  anti- 
quary ;  student  of  Gray's  Inn,  1670 :  attended  Sir  George 
DowniJog  (1623  7-1684)  [q.  v.]  when  ambassador  to  the 
United  Provinces,  1671 :  died  at  Louvain ;  left  in  manu- 
script *  Travails  through  the  Low  Countreys,  Anno  Domini 
1674,'  an  account  of  travels  in  Ireland,  a  descripticm  of 
Wales,  and  a  '  History  from  Marble,' dealing  with  English 
epigraphy  and  churoh  architecture  (publii^hed  1867-8X 

[XV.  94] 


DIODATI  3 

SIOOATL  OHiUaGSdWB  t-l«lB).  rrtoid  of  ULlton  i 
tn  ol  Tbeoten  IHoliiU  (q.  t.];  lohobr  ol  St.  IMiiV- 
lobDol,  Ttwn  ho  ftnl  tnCBUU  iu?qLiAiJti0l  vllji  Mlltoit; 
ILA.  TtlDl»  OoUvc  Oifanl.  ni»-,  M.A.  OimDriilgc. 
.S»:  prmctued  phjflLo  near  GbeBler.  MiUaa  ftdJrBHaeil 
■o  hlio  two  Latin  aliiR<«  nnrl  tn  ItaLlui  uhdeC,  uid 
Mnllsl  hli  dutiti  in  '  Bpiupliiuni  UboxidIi,'  IBii. 

(.V.  at] 

SIOSAII,  THEODOmi  {1STl?-lui).  phyilDlui: 
torn  At  GeiicTH  of  a  Lu«4  (amily ;  brought  ap  in  Yai£- 
nnd  u  (  pbyiiciui :  iittciidal  Prinea  Htnir  uil  PriooEU 
lILMlwtb:  M.D.  Lerilen.  ISU;  L.O.r.  London.  1617; 
unlilal  Florlo  bi  bU  truulaUon  ol  Montalgoe.  [ir.  M] 

rnROKS,   BBNRY  (IKfi-ISTS).   clrll  mgUmr  mid 

irlM  caUol  Elwtrotjpe.'  IMS,  '  Petjelunm  Mobil?,'  1« 


■i  Eutllb. 

MeS7).      [B«    NUBXT, 

r.  IBM),  lieatcnuit-esiw 


ir,17DS;  | 


StKLETON,  Lono  (I 

SIZOX,  i 

Tlppoo  SulUn  Id  ini. 
IIW,  anil  ■  PUnii  !or  C 

SIBIBOD,  a.i[\T(S 
«hlcfUln :  deotol  l>liibo 
Alemnnnla  (BMOa,).    y 


I'&Dton,  LincoInabiT^  17 
Twrgb.  lire  y.S.A,177 
and  noiitxd  Thaopblliu 

uid  theomgioal  vWla ;  L_, 

'  to  nllere  panou  wbo  Impogs  Uk  docUlDe  of  the  Hoi 
TclnilT  (rob  oertaln  psulUu,'  [ii.  98] 

SmraY,  JOHN  (1770-1 8J7).Mll™Ki!ro(oliii«ic«l  uii 
qnltiu:  too  of  tbe  I1«t.  Jobn  DlmerClTtt-lSlC)  [q.  t.] 
hDD.  LI_D.  OunibrHm.  and  F.IVS.:  barriitw,  fnm 
Trmple ;  fonndcd  Bijney  profoAonblp  of  orcluDology  t 
CunDrld««.  lUI,  to  wbicb  iinlreTiitj  hs  bequntlxd  h 
Bonnnnnrbla:  publilbrdlwoltKilworln.     [.'.If"! 

ItaSKI,  Sm  UOORE  (17Sfl7-lMG).  gaun.!:   Ilei 


.       t,   Hwchaot  TuTlt- 

Trlnllj  Collem.  Combrtlin ;  S.A..  ud  Mulor  uninKUT. 

Hebrew,   17i7-J;';    yloal   ol    pilMkl«J,  Koit,  1777-1807  ; 
D.D,.17tl9.  (IT.  101] 

OIBRAKLI.  BBNJAUIN.  im  Babl  or  BXAinim- 
nxi.P  (ISM-ieSI),  itotatnuo  and  mu  oT  lillars;  aldeit 
■00  of  liaac  D'lundi  In.  t.]  ;  anlartd  LiDsiln'i  Inn.  I8S4 : 
pnbUibRl  -  Vlrian  (tnj,'  bfa  am  nOTcl,  uhlch  atlncMI 
■tiatlDD  t>j  ita  briUUnn. IKS :  praluoal-Tb«IIoailon  of 
tbe  BttUih  ConsUtutlDB.'  lull,  and  nmc  poUtloal  pani- 
phleta:  pabliihtd  'The  Toirag  Dnte.'  IMl,  ■Oondirbii 
Fkmlsa.'  lU). '  Aim;,-  IBM,  'Ths  Hlae  of  Itkandcr; ' Tbe 
Rcnlatlonanr  Bplc,- IHM,  ■  Vcnitla,' IS)7,  BDd  ■  BcnrlctU 
Temple,'  1H3T :  U.l',  UalJiloBe,  1817 ;  hii  flnt  ipncb  a 
fallnn,  IMI  l  gpoke  <n  (iTMr  of  tbi  oharUrt  pkitlon, 


ot  Mdal  itamooniij.aiid  AncUoanlan  ■■  ■  poUtliiil  am 

-ind  attaaklne  tba  whig  priiuiplaa  ol  tbtuniaraiidiiildd 

■■     ■■--■ -    '  Incbiiii^ilR,  ie» '' 

jDotiriBnti 


otCammoni  DDder  Lmd  DerbT'i  ■ 
manC.  FebraujrlttS-Jnne  IBH ;  IntralDBtil  ■  irfBembm, 

laen :  Drlticlwl  Hr.  aiadiloDa'i  InaiBlal  QMon.  IM  nd 
ins.  and  Lord  John  KoHdl'a  ^andn  poloj  jeartj  tip 
IHU :  on  d^iat  of  Uird  John  RuhlB^I  nfOrm  bin,  Jnne 
ucbaiiner  In  UHd  DBlig^ 


anaad  Qihcb  Tiotoria  to 

ipnia  of  Ib^  IBTI  ■.  enalnl  Eaif 

bacama  tnUmata  Mend  of  <)atm 

Tletoria ;  HHigbC  to  cbeol:  tbe  predomlnuia  of  Boiria  la 


Baatern  EuTOiie,  1S77-8 :  BDgUth  pltalpat 
Bongnai  ot  BiirllD.  wbloh  h>  faRM  ubdb 
Dhw  of  the  RiMio-TiirklaU  war.  ]S7t ;  K.O. 


mSKAZLI.  ISAAC  (17tt-l§4S].aDt)iet;  < 
from  a  Jewldi  fanllj  which  bad  lied  bom  aula  U  Viaka 
In  time  oC  peneouUoD ;  aon  of  Bai)aaiiD  Wlam^  wts 
oamaframnitiytDMittlelD  Bngtand  In  1748;  itiidMit 
Amiteidam:  Innad  anoornniaij  'Cnrladtla  oC  IMmt' 

tan:  IWI :  ptAII"h(d  'Calamllfca  of 

'quurrla  of  Aulbon,'  1811,  and  h 


latbon,-  lllt-11, 


.mlly  hi 


.  (if    1 


^'  tboiigb  blind,  1840. 


John  of  Qaant'i  evpedHtoD  it 
rtral  pope,  CleoiEDtYlt,  had  mn 
0  Spain ;  left  tbvolc^eal  worlB 


DITTOM,  HUUPHHBy  (W7S-171H 


it  Ohriafi  Hg»- 


Sl'tfni^M' 


DIX,  JOHN,  . 


.   BiH  LEWIS  (Un-ieu).   [Sm 

Jati^t  R<«B  {ima?-iM»;).  Us- 
:  uirgeon  at  Briilol ;  pabliahed  < 
itainlng  a  dlipulal  ponraiC  of  t(e 
ilMeUantooi  workt.       [it.  in] 


a  an  itadlw  ta 
.iMdemy  of  nut 
Dtot  prlraleaid 


niXST.  JOH»  frf.  18»>, « 
by  the  Hoj-al  Ar».leniy  t«  ma 
Italj :  Tii«-prHl>ltiit  ol  Prnni, 

pnbllc  baildlngi  hi  tHe  OnlloJ  S 

DIXIE.  Sin  WULSTAS  |]MS-iMI).  lord  mafor  ol 
London:  AheritT  of  ['onilan.  IB7S:  laid maj'or.  ISSi,  when 
Oeorge  Pmla  [q.  i-]  wrote  tbe  pageant:  pretMant  o( 

EmniHjiDe]  Collide,  Combrld^  and  Kfarkat   Bosmrtb 


OIZOF,  OBOllUE  {c 


.  ,     .  »>I),  UTigat- 
IT  Cook  [aM  OoDc,  : 


[IT.  IH] 


■uuM  Oh  Qnan  CbirtotU  foi 


DIXOH.  GEORGE  (ino-lBU),  elQC 


•cUn  bilawt  In  qgwUm  o(  popular  ed 
111  tinMlin  "'--ri-jr''*'"  '^ — '~   '" 
IKi.  wUb  Mr.    JoMpb  C 
_,   -—J, 

_  lM7-n ;  metnbtr  o{  Bnt  ^naiof 

.  1870^  ukl  WH  rulwtal.  1873  uii 

1.  iaT(-»::  JI.F.  lOr  EdvbHtoo  dirWDi 
"-U  UII  ilHIb :  jolual  UbDrml  onioDLiU 
[Soppl.  li.  IW! 
HBSRT     HALL     <I»>)-1«TUJ, 
I1TQ  oA  ■  Tb«  Dmbl ' ;  HucAtAl  it  Ri 
TtWlT  OoO^e.  CupbrUgc:  UA..  IMB :   cl«i 


;Ca 


ud  prucUHd  on  mldlud  c 

rcDtl; 

rilSSSA 

SSIJTS^S..- 

IM3. 
Mirk 

Lmi  ■■pnv.'iiid 

'Dsilj-  > 

nBlndl 

Tte  I*w  of  ihi  fu 

■m.'lUS. 

llM,-PartM«lP.id<tork.M8M 

■aik  ud  Srarlrt,-  1MB. 

[SoppL  LL 

1S81 

MXOK.  JAIIK 

(1768-1*71),   Wfflleyiio   m 

pindnit  ot  the  W« 

J:  Eu«U. 

MJ:  D.O 

dclitr; 

^d^a.""*"   " 

tbc  liii 

o,y  ™i  d,„lop^ 

7m]° 

lozox,  JO  mi 

(A    nil 

DilnUWre  mn.l 

rnyon 

VEXOH,  J^>H?i  n740?-l780?).  iiwuotijit  oigTATei- 
■n^niw  oJ  i^T«r  pUtA  in  Ireduid;  vnfnTsl.  wUle  U 
falliBd,  kfter  ttan  unulo  ol  Sir  Joaliiu  HeynoMs :  meintaa 
ofilwlncsrpaiMfdSocletf  of  ArUil*,  1741.     [ii,  lit] 

OIZDI,  JOeBPn  (IHOD'lHS),  Inih  athollc  Fn\hle 
Sai  B(  at    Patrick'!   College,    MBjniuth ;  ptatrf-aar  o 

IWlopVtAniUKtl,  IMl-tE;  pdblilbnl'  A  GmBrit' Intra 
tKlliBt<tthaS<u.'tedS«npUiiaa.' lUI,i>Dd 'The  III«m< 
Con^n,'  ISM.  [II.  19E] 

IIIXOH.  JOaHUl  iii.  WK).biorttftia:  U.D.  Edin 
lafb,114g;  pneUiwI  M  niiiwlwTni ;  iiiiUior  si  'Tb< 
Irtinij  Lift  of  WLLLiun  BTOmirigg,  M.D.,  PAS.,'  IIWL. 

[IT.  IM] 
lOZOS,  RICBARD  WAl^ON  (I«33-1MID>.  blilorloii 


'*ii'i  Cc(li«e.  CuBbrtdg*.  IL. „„™  _.  .„ 

CMk,  Kat,  (oc  nto^lbi  Hteinn  I»«iM  ud  OKFOK 
_-  ^  xiia«i4lJ,  K™t,  1M7;  HqiKtUrel: 


---.,_.  .-iiiibiWge,l«8:  1 
^  PiUk.  JsMUIntloii,  utd  AnDTi 
UH.  ol    Mbcr    UtMlortnl    . 

*  CBUdil^'  B  M^"*  Otl  iOClMJ,  I'U 


SDCON,  THOUIS  (l«BU?-17»1,  nonoonfoniUrt 
lilting  CDDtErF^lon  at  U  liittlmvai'  |17w-n>,  vbiro 
lmrgb.l703:)[.D.61'.n- 


-dilned,  ITU. 

[i».  Ill] 
OIXOII,  WtLLUM  HENRY  (lTel-18D4),  clHsymu 
nd    siillaiury;    M.A.    Pembroke  Golhm.  Cumbridje, 
too ;  ramon  of  Ripm.  cimou-naldaitUry  of  York,  nctor 
[  Btton,  ud  Tloir  of  Ultboptborpe :  P.9.A..  IBtl  ;  Irft 

anils  of  Ibe  mpmbm  of  tir  c.tbei™!  of  York  (r— 
iibliilwl,  wltb  •ddlUmu,  IBSl). 


'■i?r 


, ib«  P«1««L 

ploration  Pund:  pttbUilud  'Tlie  Holy  Lud,*  IMS;  die- 
eonrtd  (IMS)  *  coUkUoo  at  Bn^luli  •laUr  jmeen  in  Ota 
pDbllc  Ubru)'  at  Fbiladclpbla.  nlili^  wne  uib«iiHiitly 
THIors)  to  the  BriUib  goiL-moxnit :  J J-.  for  Mlddlem 

Bouil.  Iq7u  :  puMiibcd  -Tbc  Bwiticn.'  IHII.  ukI.  nhil* 
In  Spain  ou  ■  tonign  bouillinlrifn."  mlMinti.  wmtp  hli 
■Htitory  ul  Twn  Qneeni,'  11 

137t;  tnvetleilin  Oypnu.  lA~h;  pabllshcd  put  ol '  hoyal 
WLndnor,'  IHiS,  noil  ■Brltlib  Cypcu,'  18^:  P^A.  uU 
P.R.O.S.  —  ■"" 

OIZWXLL,  JOHN  <d.  I 


wrote  ui  *  Khaj  ou  tbe  Tnde.  and  Eniporta  ol  Ireland.' 
17n  aud  1731 :  bidoeol  ulndralty  to  Kiid  npodiNon  to 

A«oiiDt  ol  Ibe  Oountrin  adjoining  UailuD'i  Hay.'  llik. 
which  led  to  (u  (ipedltlonfor  dlTtrting  tbe  tor  tnclg  Inim 
tbe  HndumV  Bay  Cmnpuiy,  1MB.  Ai  gorernor  o(  Kortli 
OaroHiia  (17M-M)  be  peretatenlly  upheld  the  royal  pm- 
rngatlre  uid  nouulled  the  Inlen-ati  u(  Ibe  IniUatu. 

[IV.  I»] 
DDSBB.    PHANUIS  {17W-lgll).    Irlib     poUtidan: 

eaale  of  Trinity  College.  Duhllii :  c-aUvl  lo  Ibe  liieh 
1773  :  piihUnlini  paniphleta  aioi>ntt  lD|El»liitlru  union 


■wsn 


lB9t-I :  fditfd  Ponon't  Duniieciipt  ■  Arlviopbiiuitfii.'  IHSg ; 
■rate  In  (be  'Mimthiy  Review'  and  Talpy'e  'Cliuilcal 
Joonial.'  whldli  Utter  be  lu'lpeil  In  (onnil  in  <Hia :  edHal 
Foncn-a  CranKrtpI  of  Pbotlni,  witb  a  luxiean,  lim ;  Ht 


iMS-is«B).(ao]iieiit: 


■plgnpiilat- 

lK)aBO»,GEORQEEDWiRD(l» ,_.. 

D.A.  Trinity  DoUo(re,]>nhlln.  IBM;  M3.«idM.Ch.,l«BT 

■o^Bd  fn  Indli ;  irtlred  u  iiurMD-nwiw^  laaa  ;  P.L;e.i 
1B74;  F.R8„  ISSi:  VAS.;  eurauir  of  Ih^il  Vicurii 
UBatniii,  MsUtT.  c  ISTB:  pnbUitaal  ■  OktaloEiu  of  Chlro- 
pleni  In  Ui^ertitn  ot  Brltbb  Huwim.'  WS,  mi  otba 
wrItisgB  on  ohlnptera  and  luKcUTon.  [Sap]^  U.  140] 


itonil ;  U.S..  1.H7 ;  hcM  rimoi 
[.V.  131] 

:hil«t :  dnlgned  fi 


Plersi,  1«U, 

SOBBOir,  JOHN  (178T-1B81), 
Ncocutb-on-Tyne  pnbllo  bnUdI  , 

E^Td.  '  '"^"  ""  ■       ™.  1«]      , 

IMBBOV,  SUSANNAH  (ri.  17M),  Ouulstor;  ■* 
DavtDD ;  Hurried  Uktttaew  DobMO ;  tnuslalal  BaSnU- 
Pilsje'e  'Literary  HUtorr  ol  tte  Trailiadoiin,'  1779, 
and  'Mmirtjf  of  Anclail  OhlTnlry,'  17B4,  bmldta 
Patiatnh'a '  Vk=r  cpf  Huniau  Life,"  17B1.  [n.  1J7] 

SOBSOK,  WILLIAM  (lalU-tUg),  portralt'paliits'; 
introdnced  to  Cbarla  I  by  Vandyck  ;  Hrgtant-jMlnttir. 

pabiien  ol  emlnoice.  [i(.  1ST]      | 

DOBIOir,  WILLIAUi 


C1M«»-1«»),  piiriUn  dlTine; 

■nd  fellow  of  Jtan  OaQcge.  Cambridga;  iDcombaat  st 
Hanwell,  Oxfordahirv  ^  vupqidRl  for  DODCUlhjrBllJ. 
1601;    rector  of   Fawelay.  Nortbamptaahire,  lflM-41; 

'l>Hn]osL]fl  Dod'  fnnn  hka  eipofllticia  ^  tha  Ten  Oom- 
Buuidioents  (pablltbed  ISM).  [it.  IU] 

DOS,  PBIROB   (I«gt-I7M).   medlnl    writei:    &A. 
Bn*!i»H  OoUva,  Oifonl.  1701  ;   Fdknr  of  All  SooU; 

Oouig*  of  Pb]«lii!aIiB,  \m.  llii.  tlU,  nil  17M ;  phrik 
olan  to  81.  Bartbolomeu'i  Hupltat,  17M-H;     9Jt3, 


DOS,  ROBBItT  PHIFPS  (4.  ISStX 
Cburt™  Roirer  Phipp*  Dod  [ij.     " 
«hiK  rc^inait  of  mlbtia,  18ft 


DOBSOV,  WILLIAM  CHAllLES  THOMAS  (1817- 
isae).  palDlBi ;  itudiol  In  Koyal  Academy  icboala ;  b«uJ- 
niaatar  of  fforemnient  Bobool  of  d«l^  Birmlii^ham, 

I84A-6;  Bxhibltad  at  Hoya}  Anwlpm*  tmtn   11U9-    qtririlAi 

In  Italy  and  Qennany)  a 
iUerable  rape'  " 

[BuppL  IL  HI] 

DOaOABtT.  JAUBS  (l»9-l»T8X>andicape-palnt«r : 
■t  one  time  engai^  in  paUani  dotKnlng  at  Qlaigaw ; 
aiblblted  blehlasd  icniee  at  ttae  Royal  HootUitaAoadfisy. 
■iwoiata  Royal  Senttiib  Academy,  1B7T1  eiblbltal  at 
Boyal  Acnlnoy,  lti«t-7T.  [av.  1S8] 

1,  THOMAS  OF  (jt  IS 


BOD,  TIMOTHY  (if.  \MS).  _ 
MTX  of  John  Dad  \q.  t,}  ;  pnacber 

DODD.  CH  A  RLBS  (ICTi-l  71!).  R< 
nal  nania,  HuoHTuonu.;  itndied  pbiloaopfajr  MDnai, 
1688;  ncelTed  tlH  minor  ordon  at  Ctambny,  lOO;  B,& 
at  the  EngUih  aoniDar;  of  St  Owory,  Part* ;  la  efaaqn 
of  a mngTcntloD  atHarTinBtoB,  Waroenaibin,in)-H; 
pubUfhed'TbEObaroh  Bbitoryof  Knclud,-  im-tt-O, 
■—    -         he Kngikita Sode^  ot  Jaiii,'mi, 

147] 


cipally  <Tt  dU  and  ctsym  ponnlta  and  ai 

BODD,  OBOROErt78)-lBtT),aKtn(R:  aon  of  Rdst 
Dodd  [q.  T.] ;  mldeoi  anBioeer  ander  John  Rnni^  the 
dalgiuT  oC  Waterloo  BrUge :  reei«ncd  hla  peat,  and 
died,  lefiulng  all  medldne,  in  tbe  compUi,  IdST. 


DOOrWIlATo 

London  merchant ; 
tba  DKtrapalie,  16S 


DOOVSA,  Sir  HBKRY, 

Iriah  peerage  (1»«0(- 

Slebanl  Bingbam  [q, 

Netberlandd 


DODD,  OBOROB  (1808-1881), 
,  edited  the-Oyclopwlla  i  '  -  •  " 
1811;  wnXe  for  Oharlea 


__1LIP    STANBOPS    (I7T(-18MX   dll1»«; 

liilow  of  Magilaloie  OoUegs.  Oambrtdgn;    M.A_  ITMi 
chaplain  to  the  lord  mayor,  ISM ;  rector  of  Bt.  Ibry-at- 


,    OHARLBE    KOOER     PHIPPS    (17eS-181CX     Ohrutlanlty  «i  the  m 


DODD 


347 


DODSON 


SOSD.  BALPH(17f6-18SS),fllTfl«igliiMr;  pobHabed 
•AeeooDtoC  tte  prtBotnl  Onak  In  the  known  World,* 
17M :  IttTfalj  oocopied  in  fonning  projaott  for  the  oon- 
■traoMoa  of  oanab  snd  •  diy  tonnel  from  Qrmvownd  to 
Tflboiy ;  pftMnoter  of  steam  narigstian.  [xr.  158] 

DOSD,  ROBERT  (1748-1816  ?X  marine  painter  and 
Ci«i»Tcr;  ezhibltei  at  the  Royal  Academy,  178S-1809; 
dititlHroiabed  for  his  reodering  of  storm  effects. 

[XT.  16S] 

O09D,  SIR  BAMUBL  (165S-1716X  jodge;  barrister, 
Imcr  Temple,  1679 ;  bencher,  1700 ;  employed  by  rarioos 
baakan  npoo  a  qoestion  of  the  liability  of  the  crown  for 
immst  OB  loans  to  Charles  IL  1693  and  1700  :  negotiated 
fvion  ef  oU  with  New  East  India  Company,  1701 ; 
eooBssI  tor  Socbeverell,  1710;  knighted,  1714:  Serjeant, 
1714 ;  ted  chief4Mron,  1714.  [zt.  1M] 

Mnm,  THOMAS  (1771-1860),  anctioneer  and  print- 
':  opened  d«y-Bchool  near  Battle  Bridge,  St.  Pancras, 
1794 ;  print-eeller,  1796 ;  his  dictionary  of  monograms 
aiilidpated  by  BraI]lot»  1817  ;  aoctioneer  in  Manchester, 
1119;  projeeted  a  scheme  which  was  ultimately  realised 
la  Uie  Bogral  Manchester  Institation,  1828 :  commenced 
paNlration  of  his  *  Oonnoissear's  Repertoriam,'  18S5; 
ealslogiMd  Douce  collection  of  printe  in  the  Bodleian 
Libnry.  I8S9-41.  [xv.  164] 

Mum.  WILLIAM  (1729-1777),  forger:   entered   at 

date  HaUtCbmbridge,  1746 :  B.A.,  1750 ;  acted  as  chaplain 

of  ths  *  Magdalen  Hoose,'  1758 :  editor  of  the  *  ObrisUau 

VasBziBe,'  1760-7 ;  ch^lain  to  the  king  and  prebendary 

atBraooD,  1768 :  LLJ)^  1766 :  founded  Charlotte  Ohapd 

in  Fimlleo ;  ntck-named  the  *  macaroni  parson  * :  rector  of 

HockUfle  and  ricar  of  Cbalgrove,  1772 ;  strock  off  the 

M  of  royal  chaplains  for  improper  solicitation  of  prefer- 

■ntfrom  the  lord  chanodlor,  1774;  forged  a  hood  for 

UOV.  in  the  name  ot  his  former  papil,  the  fifth  Lord 

QMterfleld,  1777 :  executed  (1777%  tboufrh  numerous  petl- 

ttoBsvere  presented  on  his  behalf,  one  being  written  for 

te  by  Dr.  Jofansoo.    His  numerous  publications  include 

'Beauties  of   Shakespeare,*  1752,  a  tnuulation   of  the 

'Hymns  of  Callinuchus,*  1754,  *  BeflecUous  on  Death,* 

1711,  and  *  Thooghte  in  Prison,*  1777.  [xy.  155] 

DOSOUDOE  or  DODXRIOGE,  8m  JOHN  (1555- 
lOSX  lodge:  B.A.  Bxeter  College,  Oxford,  1577 :  serjeant- 
at4iw  and  Prince  Henry's  Serjeant,  1604 :  solicitor-general, 
IM:  ILP.,  Horsham,  Sossex,  between  1608  and  1611  : 
bigktea,  1607;  justice  of  the  king's  bench,  1612:  M.A., 
miritmmai^  Oxford,  1614 :  signed  the  letter  refusing  to 
^  prooee^ngs  at  the  instance  of  the  king  in  the 
fmmniam  case  ef  1616,  but  subsequently  gave  way : 
^ineted  to  soften  the  rigour  of  the  stetutes  against 
popiih  rscoaants,  1628.  His  published  work  includes 
'The  English  Lawyer,*  1681,  and  '  A  Compleat  Panon ' 
(tk  mfastanoe  ef  some  leoturea  on  adrowsoosX  1680. 

[XV.  157] 

OdfiHRIDOE,  PHILIP  (1702-1751X  nonconformist 
dtviae:  minister  at  Kibworth,  1728:  declined  overtures 
froB  Fershore,  Worcestershire,  anl  Haberdashers*  Hall 
from  anwillingnew  to  subscribe  the  Toleration  Act,  a 
probable  ooodition  ol  ordination,  1723 :  co-minister  with 
his  friend,  David  Some,  at  Market  Harborough,  1725-9 : 
flpcselan  academy  at  Market  Harborough,  1729,  subse- 
qtmtOj  remoring  it  to  Northampton :  presbyter,  1730 : 
poWisMd  *  Free  Thooghte  on  the  most  probable  means 
of  rrvivtaig  the  Disoenting  Interest,*  1730 :  tolerant  of 
Axianiam,  though  rejecting  ite  claims :  D.D.  of  the  two 
BdvcrUties  of  Aberdeen,  1736:  lectured  on  philosophy 
sal  divinity  in  the  mathematical  or  ^Inozistic  style ; 
faaaded  charity  school  at  Northampton,  1787 ;  took  part 
ia  the  institotion  of  a  county  infirmary,  1743 :  died  at 
LUben:  a  celebrated  hymn- writer :  published  *  The  Rise 
sad  Progreas  of  Beligkm  in  the  Soul,'  1745.  *  A  Coarse  of 
LeeloresoB  Pnenmatcriogy,  Ethica,  and  Divinity  *  appeared 
poMfaoaoiBly  in  1768.  [xv.  158] 

SODDt,  JAMBS  (1813-1874X  lecturer  and  poet; 
ite£fld  at  Edinburgh  University ;  solicitor  in  London : 
Mmi  of  Leigh  Hunt  and  Thomas  Carlyle :  author  of 
'lafiof  the  Covenanters.'  posthumously  published  by  the 
Brv.  Junes  Dodds  of  Dunbar,  and  'Tko  Fifty  Years' 
t  of  tbe  Covaianters,  1688-1688.*  [xv.  164] 


MOM.  JAMES  a812-1885),  religious  ara  general 
fitter;  ffeadied  at  Edinborgh  Universitv;  minister  at 
HsBMe  hi  Bast  Lothian,  and,  after  Joining  the  Free 
Cteich,  at  Dunbar,  1848-85 ;  friend  of  Thomas  Carlyle ; 


published  *  Famous  Men  of  Dumfriesshire,*  *  A  Century  of 
Scottish  Church  History,*  and  theological  works  and 
memoirs.  [»▼.  166] 

D0DO80K,  CHARLES  LUTWIDOB  (1882-1898), 
writer  of  books  for  children  under  the  psnidooym  of 
Lewis  Carroix,  and  mathematician ;  educated  at  Rugby 
and  Christ  Church,  Oxford ;  nominated  student  of  Christ 
Church,  1852 ;  B.A.,  1854  ;  mathematical  lecturer,  1855-81 : 
M.A^  1857 ;  ordained  deacon,  1861 ;  resideii  at  Oxford, 
where  he  publLihed  occasionally  humorous  pamphlete 
on  matters  of  local  interest.  His  moHt  popular  works 
are  *  Alice's  Adventures  in  Wonderland,'  1865,  and 
'  Through  the  Looking  Glass,*  1871,  both  illustrated  by 
Sir  John  Tenniel.  His  other  publications  indnde,  *  The 
Hunting  of  the  Snark,'  1H76,  and  'Sylrle  and  Bmno,* 
1889,  besidert  various  mathematical  writings,  of  which  the 
most  valuable  is  *  Buclid  and  bis  Modem  Rirals,*  1879. 

[SuppL  ii.  1421 

D0DO80E,  GEORGE  HAYDOCK  (1811-1880),  water- 
colour  painter :  prepared  plans  for  Whitby  and  Pickering 
raUway,  while  apprentice  to  George  Htephenson :  ex- 
hibited at  the  Royal  Academy  a  '  Tribute  to  the  Memory 
of  Sir  Christopher  Wren  *  (study  in  architectural  draw- 
ing), 1888  :  member  of  the  Society  of  Painters  in  Water- 
colours,  1852 :  exhibited  at  the  Royal  Academy,  1888-50. 

[XV.  165] 

DODnroTov,  Bartholomew  (i536-i595x  oreek 

scholar:  Lady  Margaret's  scholar,  St.  John's  College, 
Cambridge,  1547 :  Lady  Margaret's  feOow,  1552 :  M.A., 
1555:  senior  fellow,  1558;  fellow  of  Trinity  College, 
Cambridge,  c  1560 ;  regiu«  profemor  of  Greek,  1562-85 ; 
wrote  Greek  poems  and  Greek  and  Latin  orations. 

[xv.  166] 

DODIKOTOV,  GBORGB  BUBB,  Baron  Mklcomrb 
(1691-1762) ;  M.P.,  Winchelsea,  1715  :  envoy  extraordin- 
ary to  Spain,  1715 :  took  the  surname  Dodington  on 
succeeding  to  his  uncle's  estete,  1720:  MJP.,  Bridge- 
water,  1722-54  ;  lord  of  the  treasury,  1724 :  adherent  of 
Walpole;  favourite  of  Frederick,  prince  of  Wales:  at- 
tached himnelf  to  the  Duke  of  Argyll  and  attacked 
Walpole,  1742 :  treasurer  of  the  navy  in  Pelham's  admi- 
nisUration,  1744 ;  paid  court  to  the  Pelhamti,  and  in  1754 
to  the  Duke  of  Newcastie ;  M.P.,  Weymouth :  treasurer 
of  the  navy  under  Newcastle  and  Fox,  1755;  spoke 
against  the  execution  of  Byug,  1757  ;  created  Baron  Mel- 
combe  of  Melcombe  Regis,  1761  ;  wit,  patron  of  literature, 
writer  of  occasional  verses,  and  political  pamphleteer. 

[XV.  166] 

D0D8,  MARCUS  (1786-18d8X  theological  writer; 
educated  at  Edinburgh;  presbyterian  minister,  Belford, 
1810-88 ;  D.D. ;  published  a  work  *  On  the  Incarnation  of 
the  Eternal  Word' ;  criticiaed  Edwani  Irving's  doctrine 
of  the  incarnation.  [xv.  169] 

D0D8LBT,  JAMES  (1734-17971  bookseUer;  brother 
of  Robert  Dodsley  [q.  v.]  ;  producea  an  improved  edition 
of  Isaac  Reed's  'Collection  of  Old  Plays,*  1780,  and 
re-edited  Reed'A  '(Collection  of  Poem.s'  1782;  miember  of 
the  Congeries,  a  well-known  booksellers'  clnb  :  suggested 
plan  of  receipt  tax  to  Rockingham's  administration,  1782. 

[XV.  169] 

DODSLET,  ROBERT  (1708-1764X  poet,  drama- 
tist, and  bookseller  :  while  a  footman  in  ^rvioe  of  the 
Hon.  Mrs.  Lowther  publirthed  'Servitade,  a  Poem,'  in  the 
'  Coimtry  Journal,'  1720  ^afterwards  reissued  as  *  The 
Footmau's  Friendly  Advice  to  hlM  Brethren  of  the 
Livery') :  ItookAollcr,  1735  ;  wrote  the  plny«i  'The  King 
and  the  Miller  of  Mansfleld,' 1737,  and  '  Sir  John  Cot^kle 
at  Court,'  a  seriuel,  1738 :  publislied  for  Poix*,  Young,  and 
Akenside  ;  publisliul  a  *  Select  Collection  of  Oki  Pho-s,' 
his  best-kuown  work.  1744:  utorted  'The  Publick 
Register,*  1741,  *Tl»e  Museum,'  1746,  and  'The  Precep- 
tor * :  suggesteil  to  Johnson  the  echeme  of  an  English  dic- 
tionary :  published  Jolinson's  '  Vanity  of  Human  Wishes ' 
and  'Irene'  (both  in  1749):  published  an  ode  entitled 
*  Melpomene,'  1758 ;  his  tragedy, '  Cleone,'  acted  atCoveut 
Ganieu,'  1758;  founded 'The  Annual  Register,'  1758; 
published  with  his  brother  James  Dodsley  [q.  v.],  Gold- 
smith's 'Polite  Learning,'  1759,  and,  with  Johnson  and 
Strahan,  Johnson's  '  Rasselas,'  1759 ;  friend  of  Shenstone, 
some  of  whose  narrative  poems  appeared  in  Dodsley's 
'  Select  Fables,'  1761.  [xv.  170] 

DODSOV,  JAMES  (d.  1757X  teacher  of  mathematics 
and  master  of  the  Royal  Mathematical  School,  Christ's 
Hospital;  F.R.S.,   1755;   master  at  Christ's  Hoapltal, 


DODSON 


S48 


DOIiBEN 


1765-7;  prepared  the  way  for  altimate  inoorporation 
of  Rqnitable  Society ;  pabliahed  *  The  Anti-Logarithmic 
Oanon,'  1742 ;  and  an  '  Aocoontont,  or  a  Method  of 
Book-keeping;  1760.  [zt.  174] 

DODSOV,  Sir  JOHN  (1780-1868X  judge  of  the 
prerogative  oourt ;  educated  at  Merchant  T^Rylors'  School 
and  Oriel  OoUege,  Oxford  ;  M.A.,  1804 :  D.C.L^  1808 ; 
advocate  of  the  College  of  Doctors  of  Laws,  1808 ;  M.P., 
Rye,  1819-S3:  advocate-general  and  knighted,  1884; 
barrister,  Inner  Temple,  18S4 ;  judge  of  the  prerogative 
oourt  of  Canterbury,  and  dean  of  the  arches  court,  186S- 
1867;  privy  councillor,  186S.  [xv.  175] 

DODSOV,  JOHN  OEORGE,  first  Barom  Monk- 
Brbtton  (18S6-1897X  politician :  son  of  Sir  John  Dodson 
[q.  v.]  :  educated  at  Eton,  and  Christ  Church,  Oxford ; 
BA.,  1847 ;  MJL.,  1861 ;  called  to  bar  at  Lincoln's  Inn, 
1863  :  travelled  ;  Uberal  M.P.  for  Bast  Sussex,  1867-74, 
Chester,  1874-80,  and  Scarborough,  1880-4  ;  chairman  of 
committees  and  deputy  speaker  of  House  of  Commons, 
1866-73 :  privy  councillor,  1878 ;  president  of  local  govern- 
ment board  with  seat  in  cabinet,  1880  ;  chancellor  of 
duchy  of  Lancaster,  1882-4 ;  raised  to  peerage,  1884  ; 
liberal  unionist  from  1886.  [SnppL  iL  144] 

DODBOV,  MICHAEL  (173S-1799X  lawyer ;  educated 
at  Marlborough  grammar  school ;  barrister,  Middle 
Temple,  1783:  commissioner  of  bankruptcy,  1770-99; 
unitarian ;  edited  Sir  Michael  Foster's  *  Report  on  the 
Commission  for  the  Trial  of  Rebels  in  the  Year  1746,* 
and  published  *  A  New  Translation  of  Isaiah,'  1790. 

[XV.  176] 

SODBWOBTH,  ROGER  (1586-1664),  antiquary; 
studied  in  London  in  the  library  of  Sir  Robert  Cotton  ; 
designed  an  English  baronage,  a  history  of  Yorkshire, 
and  a  MonasUcon  Anglicanum,  published  as  *  Monaatioon 
Boreale,'  1666,  with  name  of  Dugdale  as  joint-compiler. 

[XV.  176] 

D0D8W0BTH,  WILLIAM  (1798-1861),  Roman 
catholic  writer :  M  JL.  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  1823  ; 
adopted  Tractarian  opinions  and  became  minister  of 
Margaret  Street  Chapel,  Cavendish  Square,  London; 
perpetual  curate  of  Christ  Church,  St.  Panoras,  London, 
1837  ;  joined  the  Roman  catholic  church  after  the  Qor- 
ham  judgment,  1861 :  published  *  Advent  Lectures,*  1837, 
*  Anglicanism  considered  In  its  results,'  1861,  and  catholic 
apologetics.  [xv.  177] 

DODWZLL,  EDWARD  (1767-1832),  traveUer  and 
archsBologist ;  B.A.  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  1800: 
collected  vases,  including  the  well-known  'Dodwell 
Vase '  from  Corinth,  and  marbles  and  coins  in  Greece  and 
the  Archipelago ;  settled  (1806)  in  Italy,  where  he  enjoyed 
the  friendship  of  the  pope ;  published  *  A  Classical  and 
Topographical  Tour  through  Greeoe,  1819,  and  views  and 
descriptions  of  ancient  remains ;  died  at  Rome. 

[XV.  178] 

DOnWZLL,  HENRY,  the  eliler  (1641-1711),  scholar 
and  theologian ;  scholar  and  fdlow  of  Trinity  College, 
Dublin ;  resigned  his  fellowship  from  unwlUlngiiess  to 
take  holy  oiders,  1666 ;  Camden  profe»Aor  of  history  at 
Oxford,  1688-91 ;  deprived  for  refusing  oath  of  allegiance, 
1691;  returned  (1710)  to  the  established  church,  from 
which  he  had  been  excluded  as  a  nonjuror:  published 
a  *  Book  of  Schism,*  which  was  controverted  by  Richard 
Baxter ;  *  Annales  Thucydideani,*  for  Hudson's  *  Thucy- 
dtdes  * ;  *  A  Discourse  concerning  the  Time  of  Phalaris,* 
1704,  and  other  learned  works.  [xv.  179] 

DODWELL,  HENRY,  the  younger  (rf.  1784),  deiPt; 
son  of  Henry  Dodwell  tlie  elder  [q.  v.] ;  B.A.  Magdalen 
Hall,  Oxford,  1726 :  published  *  Christianity  not  founded  on 
Argument,'  a  deistical  pamphlet,  which  some  mistook  for 
a  defence  of  Christianity,  1742.  [xv.  181] 

DODWELL,  WILLIAM  (1709-1786),  archdeacon  of 
Berks  and  thrological  writer:  son  of  Henry  Dodwell 
(1641-1711)  [q.  v.]  ;  M.A.  Trinity  CoUege,  Oxford,  1732  ; 
prebenlary  of  Salisbury ;  D.D.  Oxford,  1760 ;  archdeacon 
of  Berks  ;  published  controversial  works,  including,  1743, 
'Two  Sermons  on  the  Eternity  of  Future  Punishment,'  In 
answer  to  Whlston,  and,  1746,  'Two  Sermons  on  the 
Nature,  Procedure,  and  Effects  of  a  Rational  Faith,*  In 
answer  to  his  brother,  Henry  Dodwell  the  younger. 

[XV.  182] 

DOGGET,  JOHN  (d.  1601),  provost  of  King's 
College,  Cambridge;  educated  at  Eton :  M.A.  and  fellow, 


King's  College,  Cambridge  ;  pr^jendary  of  Lincoln,  1474 : 
ambassador  to  Sixtus  Iv  and  the  princes  of  Sicily  and 
Hungary,  1479;  chaplain  to  Richard  m,  1483;  vkar- 
generaU  Samm,  1483,  and  chancellor  of  Llchfldd,  14M ; 
doctor  of  canon  law  at  Bologna;  provost  of  King's 
College,  1499-1501 :  benefactor  of  King's  College. 

[XV.  183] 


DOGGSTT,  THOMAS  (d.  1721),  actor  ; 
Ben  in  Congreve's  '  Love  for  Love,'  1696  ;  aatitor  oC  the 
<  Country  Wake,*  a  comedy,  in  which  be  acted  him- 
self, 1696 ;  friend  of  C<mgreve  and  Golley  Cibber :  his 
dignified  style  praised  by  Gibber ;  joint-manager  of  the 
Haymarket,  1709-10,  subsequently  of  Dmry  I^ne ;  foooded 
In  1716,  In  honour  ot  the  anniversary  of  George  I'b  acces- 
sion, a  prize  for  a  rowing  competition  for  Thames  water- 
men, which  is  still  continued.  [xr.  184] 

DOOHERTY.  [See  also  Dochartt  and  DonoRARTT.] 

DOGHBRTT,  THOMAS  (d,  1806%  Ie«al  writer ;  of 
Irish  origin ;  member  of  Gray's  Inn ;  special  pleader,  e. 
1786 ;  clerk  of  indictments  on  the  Chester  circuit ;  wrote 
the  '  Crown  Circuit  Assistant,*  1787.  [xv.  186] 

DOOKAEL,  also  called  Doqyakl,  Saint  (€th  cent.); 
reputed  founder  of  a  monastery  at  Cemmes,  opporite 
Cudlgan,  and  of  some  churches  In  modem  Pemtook^ 
shire.  [XV.  18i] 

DOHABTY,  JOHN  (1677-1766).    [See  Douohartt.] 

DOEEBTY,  JOHN  (1783-1860X  chief-justioe  of  In- 
land ;  BJL.  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  1806  :  LLJ)^  1B14; 
called  to  the  Irish  bar,  1808;  M.P.,  New  Rosa,  1824-6, 
Kilkenny,  1826:  M>llcitor-general,  1827:  lord  chief-jiutioe 
of  common  pleas  and  privy  councillor,  1830 ;  spoke  agaiiot 
0*Connell  In  the  debate  on  the  'Doneraile  oonspiruy,* 
1830.  [XV.  186] 

DOIG,  DAVID  (1719-1800X  phUologist ;  M.A.  8L 
Andrews;  rector  of  the  grammar  scho^  at  Stirling; 
honorary  LL.D.  Glasgow  ;  fellow  of  the  Royal  Society  of 
Bdlnbui^h :  wrote  '  Two  Letters  on  the  Savag  i  State,' 
1792,  against  Lord  Kames's  views  [see  Hom,  Hbkrt, 
Lord  Kamek],  a  friendship  resulting  between  author  and 
critic ;  published  *  Extracts  from  a  Poem  on  the  Prospect 
from  SUrliug  Castle,'  1796.  [xv.  186] 

DOKET  or  DUCKET,  ANDREW  (d.  1484),  first 
president  of  Queens'  GoUege,  Cambridge  ;  rector  of  St 
Botolph,  Cambridge,  1444-70 ;  prebendary  of  liohfldd, 
1467,  and  chancellor,  1470-6 ;  authorised  by  royal  charts 
In  1447  to  found  *  the  College  of  St.  Bernard  of  Cambridge,' 
which  was  ultimately  called  *  Queens'  College '  in  bonoar 
of  its  patronesses,  Margaret  of  An  jou  and  Elizabeth  Wood- 
vUle.  [XV.  187] 

DOLBEK,  DAVID  (1681-1633),  bUhop  of  Bangor: 
M.A.  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  1609;  vicar  of 
Hackney,  Middlesex,  1618-33  ;  prebendary  of  St.  Asaph, 
1626 ;  D.D.,  1627 ;  bishop  of  Bangor,  1631-8.    [xr.  18«] 

DOLBEK,  Sir  GILBERT  (1668-1722),  judge :  son 
of  John  Dolben  (1626-1686)  [q.  v.] ;  educated  at  West- 
minster School  and  at  Oxford:  barrister  of  the  Inner 
Temple.  1681 ;  M.P.,  Rlpon,  1686,  Peterborough,  1689- 
1707 ;  puime  judge  in  the  Irish  court  of  eomnuMH  pleas, 
1701 :  maintained  exclusive  jurisdiction  of  the  Hooae  of 
Commons  in  election  questions,  1704 ;  created  baronet, 
1704  ;  M.P.,  Yarmouth,  Isle  of  Wight,  1710  and  1714. 

[XT.  189] 

DOLBEN,  JOHN  (1626-1686X  archbishop  of  York; 
son  of  William  Dolben  (d.  1631)  [q.  v.]  ;  educated  at  West- 
minster under  Dr.  Busby  [q.  /.] :  student  of  ChrM 
Church,  Oxford,  1640-8 ;  fought  for  Charles  I  at  Maiston 
Moor,  1644 :  captain  and  major:  M.A.  by  aocnmolation, 
1647:  deprived  of  bis  studentship,  1648:  privatdy  main- 
tained the  proscribed  church  of  England  service ;  canon 
of  Christ  Church,  1660 ;  prebendary  of  St.  Panics,  1661 ; 
dean  of  Westminster,  1662-83  :  maintained  the  immonity 
of  Westminster  Abbey  from  diocesan  contrtd :  bishop  of 
Rochester,  1666 :  suspended  at  the  time  of  Clarendoo'ft 
fall,  1667  :  lord  high  almoner,  1676 ;  archbishop  <rf  York, 
1683-6 :  reformed  cathedral  discipline.  [xv.  189] 


DOLBEN,  JOHN  (1662-1710),  politician :  son  of 
John  Dolben  (1626-1686)  [q.  v.] :  studied  at  Christ  Church, 
Oxford ;  barrister  of  the  Temple :  spent  his  fortone ; 
withdrew  to  the  West  Indies:  M.P.,  Llskeanl,  1707-10; 
manager  of  SachevereU's  Impeachment,  1709.    [xv.  IM] 


9  DONAXJ380N 

olaUi  DiBn  Uh  m  or  0pditra  to  M  pnU  U  UK  bWMp 
DlSignl:  debodnl  tUincUou  Id  'OddhIIIiiid  PnfecUoDU,' 

piiblihBl  flnt  part  of '  Dt  IttpiibllciBceleriuUct  ''(1117)1 


UnsDiT  XV;  ImprUostd  bj  tbc  laquialUon.     [iv.  »l] 
DOKVILLX,  allaiTlTLOR,  glLAS(lU^ieTa).  uU- 


r.  Sir  WILLIAM  (J.  leM>  jiuHfe:  mq  ot 
On  (d.  1611)  [q.  T.] :  b.mrter  o[  Uie  iDDcr 
(:  EVxmlcTW  Londan uid knigb1«d.  167A  ;  htt- 

^ :  poina^idci  ol  tlw  king'i  bsub,  UriMa, 
T,  WILLU.U(UK-1»I4X  I 


».  (or  Oiloid  UoiTonilT. 


VIMtk  Dptlciiii:  partoe 


1  kUiii]B|;djcri 

WUOSD,  JOHN  (lT0e.l7tl],  opUclin ;  ol  Uaf 
- m  Bipcriuml*  c™ 


.nmptlliDuilj 

brsrr 

rUriml  Knot  ut  Kiui  Bdin 

aitediwt  1 

pnblUUHl    -Tlic    Hijlorj 

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Nepoleiuli.'  18 

[I..  SOI) 

O.C.ll 


[I.,  aot] 


DaUOn,  PETEQ  (1T3O-1H0),  opticliL.  .._ 

^  Hu  DoDoad  [1.  yj] :  opticlui  In  the  etniiul, 

■mid  InipiatBl  tht^  Ktanmutlc  Otajecl-Kljuiiee 

■d  S^tft  qnadniit  bj  a  dtvlcc  for  briii^u 


[IT.  US)       j  pl»Jol. 


Kuyil  ilortlculuinl  Society  In  Snill.  th* 

ty,  1831:  pablubsl'A  Qeoenl System  of 
llntsT<y,[onDd«du|»aMlIJu'i'-amrdenH''> 
HSI-a.  [ir. »»] 

(leiB-IMi),   wztorl 
1  ;   ippured   on  lU 


iTODOt  ol  Niwtoodon. 
1  AiutraJiA,  fcm&le  b\ 


DOKXTT.  ALPRED  (1 


MUUH,  fiR\pi.Tg<  (lsa7-ieMX  Roion  gathDlla 
pbfiilitf;   cntad  Ijilo  partnenlilp    wltli  hii  coiuLa, 

*^- BnAs,  a  Umrun  catholic  publlsber  L]^  Loudon. 

>t»:  ■(  CO  bnt  «•  irna  of  tbc  ■  ChlboUc  Msguinc.' 
JIM.  ud   ■DolDuui'a    Uwiuine.'  XStl:   uot«L  lor  Uis 
BihnrHnMi  ol  his  lypogmpliy.  [iv.  190] 

WWWHIW,  ADAM  or  (d.  ttWr  1»1).  [SmAdasi.) 
]-ltift7).  colaQUl  Bl4t4UDmn 
I'l  OoU^,  CusbilAgi,  1899 ; 
turMnof  Uic  Middle  Temple,  l»t1:  nnSsnlod  In  Nmr 
T-u-^  .....  biad Of  BobErt  BnwnlDs,  wbo  luuDted 

.....    .    .    iB  '  Wirli«,' ISil :  ILP.  fox  HeUcm,  18» : 

9  <<  Knr  Zalud.  IMl-*,  ud  nglnru- 

loBngl«Di.UTl:e.lf.a, 

uDobin,  •  South  Bis  Dtj 


DOMETT,  ElB  WILLIAM  (|;m-I83«1.  tdmiral :  lUIT 
tlion  on  Uilinnl,  177B, 

■Wa  B4r  Ocorffe  Rodsey'v  dajnttchefl,  1781;  OaifCHptatD 
•^      -    ~       •  ■ apt^n  ol  italtlc  Bget, 


E  Oruthnlgb  (PIcU), 
,  the  tKtUe  of  Rath, 
CMTOD  bJ  Owan,  kInK 


"  (J.  8M).klBg 


DOKALD  TI  «l.  9M).  kl 


DOKALDSOir.  JAMB.'^  (;T.  17M).  n 
u  the  booi^  ol  aetloultun: ;  pubiiifhud  ^ 


re  !n  Twlnient  of  Harl  of 
ibed  -  Kiiibmulri  AiuLto- 
nnd  C™llt  ralB-d.'  l7Ufl. 


■BUobUTRh  AdlEttller'  aftvr  I 

SONALCBOn,  JOHN  i^.  IdiUI.  ri 
called  lo  ILe  Scollisii  b»r,  IBSS;  Hifulp 
KUnburgh,  IMS-QS ;  inToiti^ltfl  ncooi 


t  HOsKui.  lai  the 
:  buuirvd  poor  cbUdmi, 


m.^s^m 


DOBKFOBD 


OSaii.  Iti»:  held  Tiirioin 
b^r,'!  ittisU  prodoctiai. 


DOBIS.  JOgBPH 

iluMtol  Eo  Ilvn^ 


LLT.8[R»09S  (1T«  MSU)),  ■ 
iBnaiiHlj  to  Mollunuiui,  1601-1,  tt  6>pe  of 

LOB,  Ml.  [BoppLU.  1«] 

BdOnnFOHMOU,  KiKU  or.  [S«  HiiLr-HincniK- 
n,  RiOAiu).  ant  Babl,  1T68-1BM  ;  Hd-i-Hutchik- 

^JOB>,>K10>dEllt[.,lT»;-lB}9:  HSLT-HOTCUDiaON, 

(MM,  tUld  KaBL,  irsT-isii.]  I 

BUniTAV.  KDVTABD  (ITSS-IOT).  OBtonllrt  uid 
Mbtr ;  tomatal  Lookn  ttawoin  ud  IniUtotc  ot  Nitn- 
tf  HMXT,   I8UT :  pgDUihtd  worln  of  iwCanl  bUlorr. 

MM^Bafiol  BrltWi  BLrdi,'ud  'Ooienl  lUnitn- 
1^  ii<  Kitomoloa,'  tmt.  [IT.  IM] 


-   N»Pj«f- 

utd  privy  GOimoiUar,  1B?&  ; 

"--h,  QiutMO,  187*; 

[BuppL  U.  1«] 


HoUmd;  : — . 

Ounbrtdgc,   HIT  :    prmetlallj   onmpdlad  to 
,._i, —  .L_  rx..--t  — 1-- i«Spun,14V?: 

bdminltr  coott,  1648  ; 
■on  uislnit  Clinris  1, 
1  tbe  BUta-Ooianl.  b j 
lyiUito  «i  "tia  B«iiie.  [it.  M»] 

DOXIBLATrB,  ISAAC,  Um  Touncer  {d.  1tS«),  mi 


.   utd  Sew  Oolites.  O 

Idlowihip    lot  rdl^  . 

C<il)e«>.IM:  B.O.I^  IMS: 


^-.  .        .   _     -----7,    -  ,  ■   ,    .  DOSKBB,  JOHN  (HM-ITOO).  j«ul 

ir«i*18»:doetorrfphilM0^^«bni;g:     hdddubtok :  pwt-Md  jaott  l.tber,  1 

, irrfllH'OluirchMid  StaUOMBtt*.   I«l-  j«d«  11 ;  iwtor  of  the  ooll^i  ot  Utg*.  l«*8-tl ;  dUd  M 

UH;  adiUt  al   tbi  ■  AUmittara.'  lM»-70:    pobUibeA  j^,_^.   deToidd  Che  UkUic  Dt  loUrat  In  ■Vtaij  Xx- 


^iBih  ilMCt  artltM  "Tbdr  U*)HUa' SomnU.' 

DOBUHUTEK, 
HBBT,  lM»-lBaO 


^K»*W;      plXd,-lB9B. 


JOHN  (ITM  5-1  T»«).oBlMr  la 


iSm  FiBHHErONt. 
T««?-1TS«.J 


DOSMES.  BOBBBT.  BlBL  OF  OiMiSTM  {J.  IMl), 
(IM;-1;1I>       :S«  n,,^i,l ;  cr™i«d  VUcounl  AkoI  lud  B»Ilo(Cim«™, 

«r.  o™^]  is?  i.r7o'S;^tor  ^SSS'i «  %Xt»!zSi 

MttlUUn'Ut,  Vi»C0DST(li;i-lt»).    ISkCibli-  ^,„  aptonof  (SmuMtar,  1M> :  .dTtarf  Loid  Wll. 

■.  en  ItaDLn.l  n,Dt  to  oniwitnu  hl<  tortu  igslut  BudriTi  colrH^ 

™™"  "■  "^  ■■  l>onrt,l»4»;Idl.tUie11ntb.t0.o(S«wbmjj^l»«^j 

BOXISVT,  an  HICH0L48  (1«M-1I«X  pointer  »nd  sOKKXE.Bm  B0BBRT(1M»-I7is).  iodie;  birrUt«. 

inrcr :  bin  it  Fvli :  Mnlkd  pslnUiig  uid  Etching  unooln'i  Ins,  1S» :  cbucsUor  of  DDrhim :  U-P.,  i-I'li'- 

fiaoe :  <n«nTeT  a(  pletsis  at  tti*  nilatu  IUIIko  kq—  kh  .  ^(f .  fg,  Bockiogbuutaln.  ITOl.  lor  Hortta- 

a* :  IVTiud  lo  cdbtx**  Rapluid'i  lapstriM  In  U»  .iw—    iinj   uid  foe  BnakUuiliunibln  f^  '■  JoMlM 

lHhb:  cuK  to  englud  to  ■tadr  •Bin*  ol  UuoriKiDia  ot  ommou  plBU,  HM.  [K.MS] 


DOKNFOBD 


852 


DOUGIiAS 


Oxford,  1816 ;  Michel  fellow  of  Qaeen*s  GoUei^,  Oxford, 
1817  ;  fellow  of  Oriel,  1819 :  M.A.,  1830 ;  dean  and  proctor 
of  Oriel :  rector  of  Plymtree,  Deronshire,  1832 :  pre- 
bendary of  Exeter,  1844 ;  pablished  sermons,    [xv.  250] 

DOBHFOBD,  JOSIAH  (1764-1797X  miscellaneous 
writer ;  M.A.  Trinity  CoUege,  Oxford,  1793  :  LL.D.  GiJt- 
tingen  ;  barrister,  Lincoln's  Inn :  inspector-general  of 
the  army  accounts  in  the  Leeward  islands,  1796 :  died 
at  Martinique :  translated  Putter's  *  Historical  Develope- 
ment  of  the  Present  Political  Constitution  of  the  Qermanic 
Empire,*  1790,  and  published  *The  Motives  and  Confie- 
quences  of  the  Present  War  impartially  considered,*  1793. 

[XT. 260] 

DOBBELL,  WILLIAM  (1661-1731).    [See  Darrkll, 

WlLUAM.] 

SOBBDrOTOV,  THB0PHILU8  id,  1716),  eontro- 
verstollst;  studied  medicine  at  Leyden,  1680:J)ublished 
an  account  of  his  travels  (1698)  in  Holland  and  Germany ; 
rector  of  Wittertham,  Kent,  1698-1716  :  M.A.  Magdalen 
College,  Oxford,  1710;  translated  Puffeodorfs  *  Divine 
Feudal  Law,*  1703,  and  wrote  against  the  tenets  of  the 
disseoters.  [xv.  360] 

D*0B8AT,  ALFRED  OUILLAUME  GABRIEL, 
Count  (1801-1863),  artist :  served  in  the  Bourbons'  body- 
guard, though  of  Imperialist  sympathies ;  visited  Eng- 
land at  the  coronation  of  George  Iv,  1831 ;  mentioned  by 
Byron  as  an  ideal  Frenchman  of  the  ancien  rigime ;  joined 
the  Countess  of  Blessington  in  establishing  a  fashionable 
coterie  in  London,  1831 ;  painted  the  last  portrait  of  the 
Duke  of  Wellington  ;  left  London  in  consequence  of  pecn- 
niary  embarrassments,  1849 ;  appointed  dlreotor  of  the  fine 
arts  by  Prince  Louis  Napoleon,  1863,  shortly  before  his 
death.  [xv.  351] 

D0B8ST,  DuKJEs  of.  [See  Sackyillb,  Lionel  Orak- 
FiBLD,  first  DcTKB,  1688-1766;  Sacktillk,  Charles, 
second  Dues,  1711-1769 ;  Sacktillb,  John  Frkdsrice, 
third  Dues,  1745-1799.] 

SOBSET,  Marquises  of.  [See  Grey,  Thomas,  first 
Marquis,  1451-1501 ;  Gret,  Thomas,  second  Marquis, 
1477-1680 :  Grkt,  Henrt,  third  Marquis,  d.  1664.] 

D0B8XT,  Barijs  of.  [See  Beaufort,  Sir  Thomaa, 
first  Barl  of  the  second  creation,  d.  1437 ;  Beaufort, 
Bdmund,  first  Barl  of  the  tlilnl  creation,  d.  1456 ;  Sack- 
YiLLK,  Thomas,  first  Barl  of  the  fourth  creation,  1636- 
1608;  Saceyillb,  Robert,  second  Earl,  1561-1609; 
Sacevills,  Edward,  fourth  Eahi^  1591-1652;  Sace- 
▼ille,  Oharlga,  sixth  Bart^  1688-1706 ;  Sackyillb, 
HiouARD,  fifth  Barl.  1633-1677.] 

SOBBBT,  OouKTBBS  of  (1590-1676).  [See  Clifford, 
Ankb.] 

D0B8BT,  ST.  JOHN  (pseudonym)  (1803-1837).  [See 
Bblfour,  Hugo  John.] 

D0B8BT,  CATHERINE  ANN  (1760  ?-1817  ?)  poetess  ; 
nie  Turner;  married,  e.  1770,  Captahi  Michael  Dorset; 
author  of  *  The  Peacock  "  at  Home," '  a  poem  for  children, 
1807,  and  probably  of  *  The  Lion's  Masquerade,*  a  poem, 
1807. 

DOTJBLBOAT,  EDWARD  (1811-1849),  quaker  ento- 
mologist ;  brother  of  Henry  Doubleday  [q.  v.] ;  published 
papers  occasioned  by  an  entomological  expedition  ( 1835)  to 
the  United  States :  assistant  in  the  British  Museum,  1839- 
1849 ;  secretary  of  the  Entomological  Society  ;  commenced 
*  Genera  of  Diurnal  Lepidoptera,'  1846.  [xv.  254] 

SOTJBLBDAY,  HENRY  (1808-1875),  quaker  natu- 
ralist ;  Introduced  practice  of  capturing  moths  at  sallow- 
bloffioms  and  *  sugaring ' ;  published  *  A  Nomenclature  of 
British  Birds,'  1838 ;  member  of  the  Entomological  Society 
of  London,  1833 ;  attempted  to  establish  a  uniform  system 
of  entom(dogical  nomenclature  by  his  *  Synonymic  List 
of  British  Lq>idoptera,*  1847-50.  [xv.  354] 

DOUBLEDAY,  THOMAS(1790-1870X  poet,  dramatuit, 
radical  politician,  and  political  economist ;  agitated  for 
reform,  1833 ;  secretary  to  the  northern  political  union ; 
joined  \n  presenting  address  to  Earl  Grey  pointing  out 
deficiencies  in  the  newly  passed  reform  biU,  1838 ;  published 
"  Essay  on  Mundane  Moral  Govemmmt,'  1838,  *  The  True 
Iaw  of  Population  shown  to  be  oonneoted  with  the  Food 
of  the  People,*  1843,  *The  Eve  of  St  Mark '  (poemX  and 
dramas  and  other  works.  [zt.  866] 


DOTTCB,  FRANCIS  (1757-1834),  anttquaiy ;  at  one 
time  keeper  of  the  manuscripts  in  the  British  Museom ; 
published  *  Illustrations  of  Shakespeare,'  1807  ;  asnsfeed 
Scott  in   the    preparation   of   'Sir   Tristnon*;   edited 

*  Arnold's  Chronicle,*  1811;  edited  *The  Beeraatiw  B«- 
view,*  1821-8 ;  published  with  a  dissertation  *T1m  Danoe 
of  Death,*  1833;  bequeathed  his  mannaoripts,  priBts* 
and  coins  to  the  Bodleian  Library,  and  his  impablUi«l 
essays  to  the  British  Museum.  [xt.  866] 

DOXTDBBY,   DAVID  ALFRED  (1811-1894),  ednoa. 
tional  pioneer ;  entered  printing  flmi  to  London,  18S8,  sad 
started  business  independentiy,  1888:  editor  and  pn>> 
prletor  of  *  Gospel  Magazine,'  1840 ;  ordained  priest,  1847; 
vicar  of  Kilrush  and  curate  of  Monksland,  co.  Watetfoni. 
1847-59 ;  establlslied  Industrial  schools  at  Bunmahon  sad, 
later,  at  Bedmlnster,  where  he  was  perpetual  carate  of 
St  Luke's,  1869  tiU  death ;  published  reUgioas  works. 

[SappL  iL  147] 

DOITGALL,  JOHN  (1760-1838Xinisoeilaneooa  writer: 
studied  at  Bdinburgh  University ;  private  secietaiy  to 
General  Melville ;  chief  works,  *  The  Modem  Preceptor,' 
1810,  and '  The  Cabinet  of  Arts,*  1831.  \jcr.  867] 

DOITGALL,   NBIL  (1776-1863),  Scottish  poet  uA 

<  muslMl  composer :   served  oo  boourd  a  government  pil- 

i  vateer,  and  was  accidentally  wounded  by  a  shot  dnriog 

the  rejoicings  at  Lord  Howe's  victory,  1794 ;  eompawA 

psalm  and  hymn  tunes ;   published  *  Poems  and  Songi,' 

1864.  [XT.  367] 

DOTTOHABTY,  JOHN  (1677-1766X  mathematidsa; 
of  Irish  extraction ;  published  *  Mathematical  Digcm* 
and  a  *  General  Gaoger,'  1750.  [xv.  867] 

DOITGHTIB  or  DOUGHTY,  JOHN  (169e.ll7S). 
divine ;  B.A.,  and  fellow  of  Merton  College,  Oxford,  1611: 
M.A.,  1633 ;  joined  the  cavalier  forces ;  D J).,  anA  yn- 
bendary  of  Westminster  Abbey,  I860 ;  rector  of  CSmsib, 
1663.  [XV.  368] 

DOITGHTY,  WILLIAM  (cf.  1788),  portrait-painter 
and  messotint  engraver ;  pupil  of  Sir  Joshua  Reynolds; 
painted  a  portrait  of  the  poet  Gray  from  deaoriptton  aed 

Srofile  outline;  excelled  in  messotint  engraving;  exhi- 
Itod  at  the  Royal  Academy,  1779 ;  captured  by  a  Fmidi 
squadron  while  on  the  way  wit^  his  wife  to  India;  did 
at  Lisbon.  [xv.  868] 

DOirOLAS,  Sir  ALEXANDER (1738-1818),  phyrictsa; 
son  of  Sir  Robert  Douglas  of  Glenbervie  [q.  v.] ;  MJX 
St.  Andrews,  1760;  L.R.C.P.,  1796;  physician  to  tlie 
king's  forces  in  Scotland.  [xv.  868] 

DOUGLAS,  ALEXANDER  HAMILTON,  tenth  Dcu 
OF  Hamilton  (1767-1868X  premier  peer  in  the  peerage  of 
Scotland ;  colonel  of  Lanarkshire  militia  and'  loid^liBB' 
tenant  of  the  county,  1801 ;  MJP.  for  Lancaster,  1801; 
privy  councillor  and  ambassador  to  St  Petersboig,  1801; 
succeeded  as  Duke  of  HamUton,  1819;  K.G.,  1836 ;  FJL& 
and  F£JL ;  claimed  to  be  the  true  heir  to  the  throne  of 
Scotland.  [xv.  869] 

DOUGLAS,  ANDREW  (d.  1786),  navy  oaptsla; 
helped  to  burst  the  boom  at  the  siege  of  Loodondenj, 
1689;  commander  of  the  Norwich,  1701;  cashiered,  on 
the  charge  of  having  used  his  commission  for  private  ends 
at  Port  Royal,  1704 ;  rdnsUted,  1709.  [xv.  869] 

DOUGLAS,  ANDREW  (1736-1806),  physician;  edu- 
cated at  Edinburgh  University:  surgeon  in  the  nary, 
1766-75  ;  M  J).  Edinburgh,  1775 ;  L.R.C.P.,  1776 ;  pabUsbsd 
works  mi  uterine  surgery.  [xv.  860] 

DOUGLAS,  Sir  ARCHIBALD  (13967-18S3X  regent 
of  Scodand ;  youngest  son  of  Sir  William  of  Doo^as, 

*  the  Hardy '  [q.  v.] ;  Scottish  leader  daring  the  minwity 
of  David  II ;  defeated  Edward  de  Baliol,  the  newly  crowned 
king,  at  Annan,  1333 ;  regent,  1333 ;  defeated  and  slain  at 
Halidon,  1333.  [xv.  861] 

DOUGLAS,  ARCHIBALD,  third  Earl  of  DoUQLAii, 
called  *The  Grim*  (1338  7-1400?),  natural  son  of  *  the 
Good '  Sir  James  DougUs  (1386  ?-1830)  [q.  v.]  ;  knighted 
during  a  period  of  detention  in  England ;  constable  of  Bdin- 
burgh, 1361 ;  warden  of  the  western  marchea,  1364  and 
1368 ;  ambassador  from  David  n  to  the  French  court.  1368 ; 
renewed  the  French  alliance  by  the  treaty  of  Vinoennes, 
1371 ;  lord  of  Galloway  by  the  purchase  of  land,  1378; 
established  and  rigorously  administered  the  feodal  rigtaie 


!C  diDgbter  of  Hobnt  in.  I] 

■hCmli!.Ui)0;  wiTdenof-    

b  tte  Bake  al  Altttuy,  t 


It  of  Hotspni  mt  Sluimbui;,  1409. 
■  ^sin  mada  priMtDBT ;  nuuoniBl.  1408 ;  c«- 
mtr  wltb  Jau  Buu  hor,  dob  ol  Bni^iiiuilr. 
U;  ■"■*"'  ii'i-IiiIIt  h— I»j-I  Roiburgb.  U17: 
bj  Hour  T  Id  lUl :  led  8ca»1>b  contingent 


0(  Cbulei  Vllt.  n 


t  Bailonl  Bl  Venundl  bi 
U,  AROHIBAIiD,  mih 


:  Enplieli  at  Beu|I«,  1191  -.  cOaducUd  Junn  I 
tdc  Eaf  IWh  cmpU^t; :  nmitel  bj  Junes  I  lor 
;  TdoueJ,  buL  (1411)  igilu  kept  1u  ciistol; 
.  Oax-.  mcmbec  of  tbe  gaancU  ol  ngenvy, 
lunl'saicnl  ol  Um  Idngdom,  IISS-S. 

AS,  A.ItCHmA.LII.  (IIUi  Babl  of  AXGU.'J, 
IT  Ktiu.'(Bdl-tiUf<Mt|  0"8?-m4),  sou  ot 
iglu,  [oanli  eui  [q.  v.) :  wirdoi  or  the  euC 

imt  tie  xDold  'tKil  Llie  cat.'  U.  UU  Itobert 
Ear)  of  Xti  [11.  v.].  "*  helrJ  favourite  ol 
loUoved  Of  hie  vnrde  by  ksdlutf  lui  attack  on 


;  tna]  C0  diuoHde  Jk 

-  ■■        -IJ:  diHj 

ja.  em  ARCHIBALD  (iiwt-iMo?),  or 

;  Ugh  tnuDcwoT  ScoUand :  iwa  of  Arobitakl 
ftli  evt  of  Asgiu  [q.  t.]  ;  pnm»t  ol  BUn- 
I  aod  ltM-8 ;  memtas  of  the  piiij  couocll  ol 
■HRbB-piliKlial  (DT  Dnvtotlng  the  eijxnt 

rt rt^iT  Vin :  retorsedta  Baatluid,l(U, 
",  wbanothliD  ta  Pnnca, 


.ma.  «>Km  UncgarEt  (avoared :  ilelcat 
■tneV  of  EdtDtwrflh.  IfiSO ;  sent  luto  ci 
the  reuun  of  the  Doke  of  Albsay,  1X3 
B  ooort  of  HraiT  'VUI<  l^* :  retamed 
n  Harnret  had  obt^ned  the  recognition 
of  tvdn.  u  King  Jaoe*  T,  1B14 :  order 


(boon  (tin  op  the  custodr  oF  her  son :  h 
be  CMt  uid  middle  mucbes,  lili ;  Euaidiu 


pudan  di 

fnutcd!  llnd  1b  Bnglu 
1  oo  tbedtabhof  JuDiiT.ai 
gtu  bmUy:  prlT  eoondlloi 
lUl :  mtered  Into  bomutM  < 
infaMqiaallr  nadi  nmiiaciwl 


It  FtnUe.  IE 


owagei,  tiary  of  GuiHt,  ItM. 


Franu  After  tnorder  of  AiBtlo,  favonrlt^of  lUrr  Qnei 


}w  after  wttm  objeoUoni  from 
the  Uri,  UJt:  imprlwDed  to  Stjrlliig  Oartle  lor  Mad- 
big  mooei'  to  the  paitjr  oF  Vary  Qimn  ol  Soota,  lira: 
accavd  bqforo  the  eooneU  of  belne  connniRl  bl 
Damley'iuinnier.  IIW:  fla)  to  Ijnglaud :  degmded  Irom 


ouglaa,  lounli  eail  et 


marciio,  Ii77  :  wlliind  In  tlie  Eart 
and  guardian,  whpu  removed  fmm 
litntflnant-geneiBl  of  the  king,  coi 


A  to  Camhi^^Efl  diiggntai  b 
tlie  ronientof  EliuboUi,  Hi 
^Btk  In  puniiMiFc  of  a  plot 


irion^  letuin  to 


KfBAI.r.  Kiia.  OF  Okhosd 
UMi.  eUbt  eoii  of  WUIlam,  elv 
1 :  memtwr  of  Che  piivy  oooni 
lated  hi  his  DplQfom  on  the 
y  (IIM)  appravlng  Ita  uee ;  e 
on,  IMt;  Hl^cd  tlie  ooveDanl 

inlert  In  Englnnd.  IU3;  i 


Dooglu  legltmit  Id 

l.OCM.  bjCnimmrtl'i 

DOITQtAB.  ARC 


dl  Outle. 

DOVOLAS,  ARCHIBALD,  second 
iaM-l?ls),  ton  of  Arcblbald  Douglu. 
Dlcnel  ol  the  10th  reginKot  of  Enfai 
(traordinar7loPri»>ia,lIM:  IdUedoi 


](  Doaglu  [q.  V.]:  Duke  of  DonglH  hv  patent.     yeRll[q.T.] ;  ditdat  tlicpliiKiie,ltII.   Doaglu  vratrl^ni 

._j  — : ._,. .  . — ..._.■.,_.      ... .... ,  entltiBi,  ■  Thu  P»Uc^  of  Uonoui-rBCM 

I.  Knd  'King  Ksrt'  (Ant  prtniwl,  ITBaj^ 


■,   Ltdy  Jane   Bou^lHfl.  b 


ou^fat  Ht  SIvHff-  ,  nllegorlcal  poem*,  en 
. ,  -— -,i,fus7).w 


TIBT).       ARCHIBALD 

LaAy  Jkde  Doaglu  ;  the  CfUtu  conrtnnal  U  him  by  tb« 
HtnuFof  LonU  oD  ■□p?aI  from  tbf  oodrt  DrK««i<n.  17ftB; 
lord-llEaHnuit  uid  M.P.  for  Portanhin :  cmlal  Bvon 
DouglM  of  Donglu.  1790.  [n.  a8T] 

soiraLAS,  Mm  auchtbald  ramsay  (imr- 

IKW).  mInlataR-p&lntR  :  <Uiight«  ot  WmUim  Douglu 
(IJBO-IBM)  [q.  I.]-,  eihlbiled  lit  the  Roj»l  AcBdemy. 
IgW,  18M,  ind  IMl. 

traHOLAB.  BRIOE  I>E  (d.  1131).     [Sec 

D0DOI.AE,    CATHBRlIiG.      DuCIIKiw 

mniRT  (rf.  iZfT). 


DOUaLAB,  aBOItOE.  9nt  Ell 
140>) :  cratAl  Earl  at  Angiu  b)  a 
1SS9  ;  touffht  [tniler  Arctilbald  Don 


blihopotElyitMittonIn  _ 

UMHit  •-LOjij.-cmtiBn  *™>»OMlh»  ■  Oh«pl«r  of  MIllDn,- fi „ 

pahapt  at  P^ ;  protort  of  BL  OUa,  MinbatghTnol :  P^'^^'^J  "!;™.'  ^  "  P'V*™!!!? "*  °i5'L'^ 

AdilrFWH(14:oait«dtn>niU*abl*-jbyJ.nit.H«toii,  Wnp.iljiBB  wW,J,i.l»«  kUlal  ontht  w.y,  qrwmiw 

archblihoDof  blanrov  fn  t1  1*H  -diofrom  the  on  liwretuni  ioumpv.  wbile  flflhtinff  ■tfnloi«t  t.h*  v»w»ki 
bishopric  bs  Hepbom,  tbe  prior,  lai« ;  nomiDatAl 

of  Siinkeia  b^  Qum  UarKinC  (Itlt).  bat  Uaprlpir  _ 

tb(  Dnkcof  Albanr  for  renlTlii;  boUi  fniin  Uie  pope ;  nv  (IIM  }-lUg) ;   Tnarried  b^  papal  ilitpnutlini  to  InM. 

leutd  in  tbe  lapaniRranrF  nf  !.«  X  ;  hlihap  of  Dnnkelii.  rUaf  hUr  at  Robfrt  II,  ISTl  ;  SHiital  aiiniti'I  EokIuhI  H 

IBIB-B);  awomjuinied  Albany  to  France.  1117  ;  <lepM>ol  Sir  Jahnde  Tlmne.  adnlnl  of  Frmnce.  13ai :  acquiaod, 

of  hla  blihopric  for  golpff  to  the  Bnf  liib  coort  in  Uk  into-  on  pajment  of  m  flnbaldj.  in  tl»  departora  f^  trl*  ruanh 

mt  of  ClK  ilith  Bar!  ot  Angas  191U :  trirod  ol  Poljdon  alllo,  who  wm  tmrj  of  tbdrtnbwilinati 


Cbe  Xh]  of  NorthoMberliuid  M 
but  wu  iluD  ixtorc  the  flmoty 


Onw.'iiEraiiliau-I[q.  T.]: 


WUIe  raiding  SDoUiind  It 


itsn 


■1  tor  BoUmU'ii  Durrlags  with  Cli 


DOOOLAB,     Lor 

IH4I,  mUllanr  comni 
m&p:]ola  or  Dotiglot 
ficDti  niglDtait,  ""^'- 


DonOLAS,  JAMBS,  n 


[<».»M] 
WILUAM    (HIT- 
Lionlt  xun 


WSJ  to  ioln  Uopt- 

■  w  Biivi    Lin  ud^ojD  ui  n-iL-jtu,   iiuoiL   for   hi'   BllligbUlQa 

to  OlmrliB  1,  lE4t  uil  1U4.  [ir.  nai 

OonDUS,  JA!i[G&  hntml  Uxiiqum  uf  Doc-auu 
(ie«7-l7«>),griuidiioiiolwmimn  rimiprlu,  (Int  marqala 
of  DonirlM  [q.  v.] ;  bnavne  Karl  ol  Angiii  bjr  the  dcMh 


w  UuWeRltjr;  prlTjoi 


be  prlTj  Ktl ;  Jdoff' 


)(  qoeenibeiT)'  [q.  v 


of  boiw;  JoloBl  V 
1  oaUniFl  of  tliE  «tlt  b,- 
1   hJBb   tnuiuvTf  li 


SM,. 


la  uododdeit  iCtttnde  on  Qib  iguntlDn  of  tb*  wCU>- 
LiloiulT  fnrLberlns  JtiaofAta 
•  —M):  witbdraw  Iron 
i  priTy  MI],  17M ; 
II  lae  niAbo^jiva;   pTOCHrol  alguillff  of 
lu  In  filov  of  StnitlBb  oppDeitiDB,  ITM; 
>l  DOTFr.  UuQoii  ol  BfTcrley,  im)  Kul 
.  tblnl  Hcntarj  of  •Ute,  iriM.  [it.  Sit] 

onrtli  DnKi  of  aijnLTti.t 
]  Ol  ^lllara  Doogtu,  thlid  duke  of 
imtfll  nlOlugaw  Uolvoilcy  ;  mi- 
eitraorlinaiy  lo  Loul.  XJV.  IBM-f ;  cmn- 
igiraait  Dl  lione  sgaiiul  Moninonth,  ISIW : 
lipBMicui  of  ito  Thiitls.  1187^  unsmMldtil 
u  SallAbary  ab  oolmi«l  of  tiie  Oifonl  rc^meDt» 
nnittAl  of  coii9plrac7  OD  BUrraiKiPTbig  to  ■ 
-'  " — " —  '13  reilifiuitlon  ol  bit 


.  iggs:  DnkE  1 


inuUd  Ihe  AlrisHi 


^ lOTTSiderof  MaryatOftrtw 

iOM™wll(«i7'iinipriionBiailliilhe  forta 

kltlul's    trial  li^  lU  mnrdrr  of    Daml 


d  pTOmtH  or  nupport  fr 


Ml:   subUilxd  ji 


-pkfcopHi   sj 
1  Bogluu] ;  t 


[mm  tbe  ramarr  by  Argyll 
L  JuBiH  Tl  lo  H'same  Ox 

lel  himwlf  >c  Uin  boul  ol 

B  putUnwDtbeldUSllclingUivltc, 


B,  {rm? Wiol  in  bbiiwl 
jmpHolty  In  the  »HeiDi.iHl  French  I 


IflJ:  K.U.:  nimHl HOibiu^i 

UinvhC ;   klllal  in  ■  duel  before  gta 
■      ■    -     ■     n  Cbe  lis  UMuid  . 


ilrmoidlDary 

he  peace  of  Ulnvht ;   killc 

y  Laid  UoboD,  nhi.  bid 

uenlly  ohlOlougsi,  blm.    Tnn  uuu 

SOIFOLAI,    JAMES    (H17*-U4' 


K  wUcb  ll  01 


QueeD  OnrollDS :  refcmd  to  b 
mil  u  in  obstetric  prKIltlani 
1^  tbe  LaUnl  OperiLtioD  for  tb 


le  MedlcBl  SoclMyol 


I  oBTleMd  of  '  taBBtr  oouncd,  eoDeeBling,  lud 


DOTTGLAS 


ft66 


DOUGLAS 


and  Shetland  by  act  of  parliament,  1742 :  imprisoned  in 
theBastUe,  1746;  lord  clerk  re§rister  of  Scotland,  176U; 
president  of  the  Royal  Society,  1764.  [xv.  331] 

DOXrOLAS,  Sib  JAMES,  first  baronet  (1703-1787X 
admiral ;  member  of  the  court-martial  which  condemned 
Admiral  Byng,  1757 ;  served  at  redaction  of  Quebec,  1759 ; 
commander-in-chief  on  Leeward  islands  station,  1760-S ; 
captured  Dominica,  1761 ;  second  in  command  at  reduc- 
tion of  Martinique,  1762 ;  admiral,  1778  ;  created  baronet, 
1786 ;  MJP.  for  Orkney.  [xv.  832] 

DOUGLAS,  JAMES  (1753-1819),  divine,  antiquary, 
and  artist ;  entered  the  Austrian  ormy  as  a  cadet,  and, 
being  sent  by  Prince  John  of  Lichteustein  to  purchase 
horacA  in  England,  procured  a  lieutenancy  in  the  Leicester 
militia ;  entered  Feterhouse,  Oambridge ;  took  orders ; 
chaplahi  to  the  Prince  of  Wales;  F.S.A.,  1780;  vicar  of 
Kenton,  Suffolk,  1803;  painted  oil  and  miniature  por- 
traits of  his  friends.  Hk  works  include  '  A  Sepulchral 
History  of  Great  Britain,'  1798.  [xv.  332] 

DOUGLAS,  JAMBS,  fourtli  and  last  Baron  Douulas 
(1787-1 867X  fifth  son  of  ArcliiUald,  first  baron  [q.  v.],  rec- 
tor of  Marsh  Gibbon,  Buckinghanuhlre,  1819-26 ;  rector 
of  Bronghton,  Northamptonshire,  1825-57.       [xv.  333] 

DOUGLAS,  Sir  JAMES  DAWES  (1785-1862X  general ; 
aide-de-camp  to  Major-general  Sir  James  Duff  :  friend  of 
Napier,  the  military  historian;  captain,  42nd  regiment, 
1804 :  deputy-assistant  quartermaster-general  in  South 
America,  1806 ;  present  at  the  battles  of  Roli^a,  Vimeiro 
(1808),  and  Cornfia,  1809 ;  lieutenant-colonel,  8th  Portu- 
guese regiment,  and  major,  1809;  fought  at  Bnsaco,  1810 ; 
lieutenant-colonel,  1811 ;  commanded  the  7th  Portuguese 
brigade  at  the  battles  of  the  Pyrenees,  1813,  and  in 
southern  France,  1814;  major-general,  1825;  lieutenant- 
governor  of  Qnenuey,  1830-«;  G.O.B.,  1846:  general, 
1854.  [XV.  333] 

DOUGLAS,  Lady  JANE  (1698-1753),  daughter  of 
James,  second  marquis  of  Douglas  [q.  v.] ;  ber  engage- 
ment to  Francis,  earl  of  Dalkeith,  broken  off,  1720; 
hindered  from  entering  a  foreign  convent  by  )icr  mother 
and  brother ;  married  Oolonel  John  Stewart,  1746,  a  step 
which  she  concealed  for  fear  that  her  brother,  Archibald, 
first  duke  of  Douglas  [q.  v.],  might  withdraw  her  allow- 
ance :  became  the  mother  (1748)  at  Paris  of  twin  sons, 
Archibald  and  Sholto ;  deprived  of  her  allowance  on 
informing  her  brother  of  their  birth;  disowned  by  her 
brother.  Her  only  surviving  son,  Archibald  James 
Edward  Douglas  [q.  v.],  claimed  succeasfuUy  the  Douglas 
estates  in  great  Douglas  lawsuit  [xv.  334] 

DOUGLAS,  JANET,  Lady  Oijimis  {d.  15S7X  grand- 
daughter of  Archibald,  fifth  earl  of  Angus  [q.  v.]; 
married  John,  sixth  lord  Glamis,  e,  1620;  forfeited  (1531) 
for  disloyalty;  indicted  on  a  charge  of  poisoning  her 
husband,  which  was  abandoned ;  chained  with  conspiring 
the  death  of  James  V,  and  burnt  at  the  stake  in  Edin- 
burgh, *  without  any  substanoiall  ground,*  according  to 
Henry  VIITs  representative  in  SooUand.  [xv.  386] 

DOUGLAS,  JOHN  (d.  1743),  surgeon:  brother  of 
James  Douglas  (1675-1742)  [q.  v.];  P.R.S.;  surgeon- 
lithotomist  to  the  Westminster  Hospital ;  lectured  on 
anatomy  and  surgery:  keen  controversialist  in  medicine; 
published '  An  Account  of  Mortifications,  1729,  and  advo- 
cated the  high  operati(m  for  stone,  which  he  claimed  as 
essentially  his  own  discovery,  in  *  Lithotomia  Douglas- 
siana,'  1720.  [xv.  336] 

DOUGLAS,  JOHN  (1721-1807),  bishop  of  Salisbury ; 
M.A.  Balliol  College,  Oxford^  1748  ;  present,  as  chaplain 
to  the  3rd  raiment  of  foot  guards,  at  the  battle  of 
Fouteuoy,  1745:  Snell  exhibitioner  at  Balliol,  1745  :  vicar 
of  High  Ercall,  Shropshire,  1760-61 :  exposed  forgeries 
of  William  Lauder  [q.v.],  1760;  attacked  Hume's  argu- 
ment against  miracles,  publishing  the  *  Criterion,'  1752 ; 
attacked  the  Hutchinsoniaus  in  an  *  Apology  for  the 
Clergy,'  1765 ;  DJ).,  1768 ;  canon  of  Wmdsor,  1762 ;  F.R.S. 
and  FJ8.A.,  1778  ;  bishop  of  Carlisle,  1787-91 ;  dean  of 
Windsor,  1788 ;  bishop  of  Salisbury,  1791-1807 ;  edited 
Clarendon's  '  Diary  and  Letters,'  1763.  [xv.  837] 

DOUGLAS,  Sir  JOHN  SHOLTO,  eighth  Marquis 
or  QUBBKSBBRRY  (1844-1900);  succeeded  his  father, 
seventh  marquis,  1858;  sat  as  representative  peer  for 
Scotland,  1872-80.  He  is  chiefly  known  as  a  patron  of 
boxing,  the^QucMisberry  rules*  being  drawn  up  mider 
Us  supervisioQ,  lb<>7.  (SoppL  ii.  148] 


DOUGLAS,  formerly  Kackskzis,  Bib  KSKNEP^ 
first  baronet  (1754-1833X  lieutenant-general ;  UeotsB^B^ 
33rd  regiment,  1775 ;  served  in  West  Indies  a^  throo^pfa- 
out  Netherlands  campaign  of  1798  under  paternal  nauDw 
of  Mackenzie ;  captain  and  major  in  the  ue«-ly  ralaeif 
Perthshire  Light  Infantry,  1794 :  lieutenant^sokmei  for 
services  at  capture  of  Minorca,  1798 ;  appointed  lieutensitf- 
colonel  of  tlie  44th  before  Alexandria,  1801 ;  govenor  of 
Antwerp,  1814  and  1815 ;  lieutenant-general,  1821 ;  mide 
baronet  *  of  Glenbervie '  (a  second  oreationX  1881 ;  talk 
the  name  of  Douglas  by  royal  licence,  1881.     [xv.  318] 

DOUGLAS,     Lady    MARGARET,     Oorsms  or 
Lennox  (1515-1578),  mother  of  Lord  Damley ;  dangte 
of  Archibald  Douglas,  sixth  earl  of    Angus  [q.  v.],  fay 
Margaret  Tudor;  pkoed  by  Henry  VIII  in  the  Priim« 
Mary'«  establishment  at  Beaulieu,  1681 ;  friend  of  Frineoi 
Mary  ;  displeased  the  king  by  tier  private  betrothal  to  Loud 
Thomas  Howard,  Anne  Ikdeyn's  uncle,  and  was  im- 
prisoned in  Sy<Hi  Abbey ;  married  Matthew  Stewart,  ctit 
of  Lennox  [q.  v.],  1644  ;  excluded  from  the  EngUsh  n^ 
cession  for  her  Roman  catholic  leanings,  1646 ;  plaDBBd 
marriage  between  her  son.    Lord   Damley,  and  Mn; 
Queen  of  Scots ;  arrested  before  its  aooomidishmflBt  for 
Iter  treasonable  intentions  towards  Elixabeth,  1662 ;  n> 
lefwed,  but  on  successfully  carrying  out  ber  scheme  vts 
sent  to  the  Tower ;  denounced  Mary  Queen  of  Soots  tA 
the  court  of  Elizabeth  for  Damley's  murder ;  reoondled  to 
Mary,  c  1572.     Her  aspirations  were  substantially  fid- 
filled  by  the  accession  of  her  grandson,  James  YI,  tothe 
throne  of  Enghind.  [xv.  119] 

DOUGLAS,  NEIL  (1760-1823),  poet  and  ptmim; 
educated  at  Glasgow  University ;  appeared  as  a  sodil 
'  reformer  in  '  A  Monitory  Address  to  Great  Britain,'  IW: 
I  minister  of  Relief  Charge  at  Dundee,  1798-«;  pobUibBl 
•The  Lady's  Scull,'  a  poem,  1794;  wrote  (1799)  liji 
;  *  Journal  of  a  Mission  to  part  of  the  Highlands  of  Sootp 
i  land ' :  '  universalist  preacher,'  1809  ;  a  vigorous  abdi- 
I  tiouist ;  arraigned  before  the  high  court  of  jostidaiy  it 
I  Edinburgh  for  comparing  George  III  to  NebochadneBtf, 

1817  ;  acquitted.  [xv.  S4S] 

I        DOUGLAS,  Sir  NEIL  (1779-1858),  Uentenant-gOMnl; 

I  captain,  Cameron  HighUnders,  1804 ;  fought  at  Oorofii. 

!  1809,  and  at  tlie  siege  of  Copenhagen,  1807,  and  Floshing, 

1809;  wounded  at  Busaoo,  1810;  major,  1811 :  lientcsutr 

oolonel,  1812 ;  commanded  battalion  in  sooth  of  Fnuiee, 

1814,  and  at  Waterloo,  1816:    knighted,  1831:   msjor- 

general  and  K.C3.,  1837 ;  lieutenant-gmeral,  1846. 

[rv.  144] 
DOUGLAS,  PHILIP  (1768-1822X  master  of'Ootpa 
Christ!  College,  Cambridge;  educated  at  Harrow  ind 
Corpus  Christi,  Cambridge;  M.A.,  1784;  tutor,  VV\ 
D.D.and  master  of  Corpus  Christi,  1796-1822:  vtcsra 
Gedney,  Lincolnshire,  1796 ;  vice-chancellor,  1796-1  aad 
1810-11.  [XV.  841] 

DOUGLAS,  ROBERT,  Yibcount  BKLBAVXir  (1574!- 
1639);  knighted,  1609 ;  master  of  the  household  and  pritj 
councillor  under  Charles  I ;  created  Viacoont  Bdhava, 
1633:  blind.  [xv.WS] 

DOUGLAS,  ROBERT  (1594-1674X  presbyteriiB 
divine ;  reputed  grandson  of  Mary.  Queen  of  8oq4s: 
M.A.  St.  Andrews,  1614;  chaplain  to  a  Scoti  brigade 
sent  to  the  assistance  of  Gustavus  Addphus,  c  1688: 
minister  of  the  Tolbooth  Church,  Edinburgh,  164M; 
presented  the  solemn  league  and  covenant  to  the  psrito- 
ment,  1649 ;  officiated  at  the  coronation  of  Charles  H  it 
Scone,  1661 :  largely  helped  to  bring  about  tbe  Bertan- 
tion;  declined  bishopric  of  Edinburgh,  refusing  to 
recognise  ^iscopacy.  [xv.  846] 

DOUGLAS,  Sir  ROBERT  (1694-1770),  baroMt  «( 
Glent>ervie,  genealogist :  compiler  of  *  The  Peeiags  of 
ScoUand,'  1764, and  of  a  'Baronage  of  Scotland,' tqLL 
1798.  [XV.  847] 

DOUGLAS,  SYLVESTER.  Baron  Glbnbebtii 
(1748-1823X  educated  at  Aberdeen  University;  gnds- 

:  ated  at  Leydeu,  1766 ;  barrister  of  Lincoln's  Inn,  177(; 

'  king's  counsel,  1798 ;  member  of  the  Irirh  parliament  for 
Irishtown,  Kilkenny ;  privy  councillor  of  Irdand  aad, 

,  in  1794,  of  England ;  M.P.  for  Fowey,  Cornwall,  1796,  ttt 

I  Midhurst,  Sussex,  1796 ;  lord  of  the  treasury,  1797-1800; 
nominated  governor  of  the  Cape  of  Gk)od  Hope,  1800,  but 
did  not  take  the  office ;  created  Baron  Glcnborie  of 
Kinoanilne  (in  Irish  peerage^  1800;    M.P.,  Plympta 


DOTTQIiAB  U7  TtOVOhAB 

iHlowr  SOtrOLAa,     WILUAJf,  wnul   Bjihl  or  Alain 

;  ohMi-     (l«aBJ-l«;x  elder  ko  ol  afl»B^   Dm  art  [a.   t.!j 
o  Inquire  iota     knlght«l  bj  Jiicm  I :  nt  on  the  lalv  it  Altanj'!  Crfd, 
*""^ —  mnii.     njj  .    ^inja,  of   lbs  middk  mirolH,  1«):   il(<ata3 
EuRllib  fom  It  npodcD,  uu.  [IT,  3ei] 

177*  ud  1777.  [IT.  MB]  nOtrOLAS,  WILLIAM.  <lnb  EiBL  o»  DOUOL«  ud 

ncntuumimc,  i«i.  ii..  «wj         ,jj^  hB  mrt  hU  brother  aiTkk  h^  bem  UitIIsI  bj 

j|,THOHiS,flfOiBiiiLoraiuctRK.B*RON     J«mi  II.  UiO.  [»t.  181] 

SnoDTCLEDcn   (177UI8!i» :    ala«tal    at  I       DOnOLAB,  WILLIAM,  »<ebth  Eahl  o»  DoiroLis 
tDlm^tr :  BtUed  emigiut*  (mm  tba  h%b-     (iitg  T^iU!),  loii  ot  Jura  Douglu,  '  tbc  Ono,'  iwrnth 

WntUnrdi  BriUib  cslmUa  Uw  munldabli  tbc  i^huiccllor.  Bir  Willtun  CMcbuii,o(DI11iB.lt4a'b[inil 

M  tlw  bSgUuidaa;  Scoui^  [rpmcnUtiTe  AInvlck.  1418 1  namlUUl  Che  murlKn  ol 

■d  ll«l7i  r.HJL,   ISOSfMLlont  plonaenilo  M.77  ot  OdeU™,  IMO  :  »Mllt*l  tU.  king  wi.,, 

K  Tiller ;  bi»  EolonlsUtwlwdrlitB  Orlcbtou  t«  ovmliniw  tb«   LWogitooeo,    1 


UngindBII 

'RS^'  ""'  "^  '*'* '  P*^     kolidm,  a  pcnlHn  oi  the  king  ;  Umigled 
WUliam,  Out  chlrf  poit  of     cutis,  ud  ^tucked  uhI  klUsl  br  Junn  1! 


Port*  DooglM  and   Dkct,   bj     too^f^  to  n™e,  i*»0 ;  ™iai  irf 
.^ ,. .,„...  _.        koIjJlm,  a  t»nli«o  o(  the  king  ; 


mt  ODDipanj,  t_. , 

ante  Kihlin*ii,  iei7 :  tnid  9,UUUI.  bj  Ouu-  I 


uul  bl>  fol- 
[...  Ml] 


iS,SibTH01[AS  110NTRATH(i;87-iSsk>,  '  DOtiaLAS,  Sm  WILLIAM,  or  Locblemi.  •litta  or 
■Uaut,  gub  rcgimoit  of  Btagtl  ialMOU},  Kvcutb  Rulof  Mohtos  (d.  ltl>t):dBiuwnoel  u  oh  a< 
It  tD  tbt  BnuMkhanil  aani|wi«iui.  iHM  aul  '  the  mDrdavn  ot  Klnlo,  (iTonrlta  o(  Mr.r7  Quea  tl 
i  tba  PbxbirU.  lillli.uid  igkUui  the  Mm,  ,  Soi>t<.ltU:  loUwd  DoohdRujr  (or  anntbig  nnrler  o< 
■uu^cdoiiel,  1931 :  unk  put  In  aptare  of  Dumler.  biubial  ot  Hut  Quem  of  Boots :  totmatal 
;  •econd  In  oomimiul  at  dcfenoe  or  Jdliilataitfl,  with  tlia  cuiUdr  of  Mar;  Qi^  ot  SooU  ■fler  her  iur- 
nilof  lil>oUreslnKnt,lU6  ;  took  additional  |  raider  at  Garbflrrr  Hill.  1M7;  ootmoanded  lb  the  TW 
[>OBglu,lUl:  K.C3.,1SU;  gmenil,  ie««.  luanl  at  Laogilde,  IIM ;  Bnirendercd  to  Qocen  Blliabelh, 
[XI.  Ut]  '  lor  l.UXM..  the  &jl  oT  Korcliumbtrland,  HlM  had  ben  dl- 
tM,  WILLIAM  no. 'tbe  Hardj' (d.  inH):  Ui6r«l  latfl  blaclmrge  bjthereceat  Morvi  1*71;  triad 
jii  knicbtali  laid  of  Donelai,  1M»1  n<M«-     nf  the  t^cnt  Monon ;  signed  bond  0[  ODDledsmle  nobla 

of  Bsiiick,  RllH-  Ballol'H  abdication,    and     rrTolntlou  at  St.  Andrei,  1IK3  iiDr^uUed  a 
"'—•^  ■  again   look   op  ansa,  and,  '  " 

g  to  Edward  1  at  Irrlne  wi 


al  Mortis,  1MB,  tba  Mat  tllk  belDc 


ed  31r  Tbomai  Mmgrave  at  MelroM  in     ranomr  o(  M«  SirrofTmlL  ' 
i :  uvotlatol  true*  with  John  of  Oaunl     ,„^  ^  ,,0^  ^  (.^„^  7£^\ 


of  Bcotlvid,  lu30-t: 
>t«i  by  Cbarln  1  (or 


18,  3iti  w;LLIA».  Lurd  or  KiTiiHRAu:  (d.  SOUOLAS,  V 

gtUmalB  aon  of   Archibald,   tliird   earl   of  ai«  MtliafiB  o»  Douhlah  (16a»-li!aO).  «_  ._      . 

».] :  married  Egidia.  daoghtec  of  Robert  II,  tmlh  earl  [q.  t.]  ;  brooeht  np  in  the  n(onn«4  nligloa ; 

tlioereoelFing  the lordihlp  of  Nitbadale.  1M7 :  cmted  Uartiula  of  Douglaa.  lOS;  uent  to  England  to 

Jorj  raid  on  Ireland,  bnining  Oarbnglnrd  and  ajriffl  Ctiarlca  !,  IB.W :  flmocl  tbe  covenant.  IM*.  but 
lIh:  Isle  ot  Man.  ISBB  :  conunanded  maritime  ,  fought  at  Fblliplianub  nn  tlic  alile  of  JltaitroH,  IMt  1  Im- 

cut  troDi  Dnnalg  nxaiiift  tbe  LithoBuiana,  priNned,  104t:  meminT  ol  couuniU«  ol  atatca,  lUl; 

[■>.  MU]  fioBi  b;  Ommwall,  1W4.  [n.  M] 


DOUGLAS 


858 


DOVBTON 


DOUGLAS,  WILLIAM,  third  Duke  op  Haiui^ton 
(1685-1694),  eldest  son  of  William,  tint  marquis  of 
I)oagla8  [q.  v.] ;  fined  1,0007.  by  GromweU,  1654  ;  created 
Duke  of  Hamilton  on  the  petition  of  his  wife,  Anne^ 
duchess  of  Hamilton :  privy  cooncillor  in  Scotland,  1660- 
1676 ;  at  first  opposed,  and  then  ignored,  in  the  interests 
of  the  Scottish  nobility,  the  govemor  Landenlale's  land 
tax  of  a  year's  assessment,  167S :  opposed  Landeniale's 
demand  for  supplies  to  carry  on  the  Dutch  war,  1673 ; 
ejected  from  the  council,  1676 :  went  to  London  to  lodge 
complaints  against  Lauderdale,  who  intended  to  have  a 
writ  of  law-burrows  issued  against  him ;  refused  to 
commit  himself  by  detailing  his  grievances  in  writing, 
1678  and  1679 ;  K.G. ;  commissioner  of  the  treasury,  and, 
in  1687,  privy  councillor  of  England  :  royal  commissioner 
uiKler  William  III,  1689  and  1693.  [  xv.  37U] 

DOUGLAS,  WILLIAM,  third  Earl  and  first  Duke  of 
QUKKNSBERRT  (1637-1695),  son  of  James,  second  earl  of 
Quoensberry  [q.  v.] ;  privy  councillor,  1667  ;  lord  justice- 
general  of  Scotland,  1680-6  ;  lord  high  treasurer  of  Soot- 
Uuid,  1682-6  ;  created  Duke  of  Queensberry,  1684 :  refused 
to  support  James  IPs  measures  against  the  established 
church,  1685 :  president  of  the  council,  1686 :  accused  of 
maladministration  by  the  Earl  of  Perth,  and  stripped  of 
his  appointments,  1686 ;  one  of  the  lords  of  privy  coimcil 
of  both  kingdoms,  1687.  [xv.  372] 

DOUGLAS,  WILUAM,  third  Earl  of  March  and 
fourth  Duke  of  Qukex8BJ£Kry(  1724-1810),  latterly  kno^nii 
as'OldQ.*;  notorious  for  his  escapades  and  dissolute  life ;  I 
endeavoured  to  devel(q>  horse-racing  into  a  science ;  K.T., 
1761 ;  representative  poer  for  Scotland,  1761 ;  vice-admiral 
of  Scotland,  1767-76 ;  succeeded  his  cousin  Oharles  [q.  v.] 
in  dukedom  of  Queensberry,  1778 :  created  Baron  Douglas 
of  Amesbury  in  British  peerage,  1786 ;  friend  of  Prince  of 
Wales ;  removed  from  the  office  of  lord  of  the  bedchamber 
(1789)  for  having  reoommended  a  regency  in  1788  :  satir- 
ised by  Bums.  [xv.  873] 

DOUGLAS,  WILLIAM  (1780-1832),  miniature-painter 
to  Princess  Charlotte  and  Prince  Leopold  of  Saxe-Goburg, 
1817:  exhibited  at  the  Royal  Academy,  1818,1819,  and 
1826.  [XV.  374] 

DOUGLAS,  WILLIAM  ALEXANDER  ANTHONY 
ARCHIBALD,  eleventh  DUKK  of  Hamiltox  (181I-1863X 
son  of  Alexander  Hamilton  Douglas,  tenth  duke  [q.  v.] : 
educated  at  Eton  and  Christ  Church,  OxtStd ;  B.A.,  1832 :  i 
knight-marischal  of  Scotland  and  Iwd-lieutenant  of 
Lanarkshire;  married  tlie  l*rincess  Marie  Amelie,  Na- 
poleon 1 1  I'd  cousin,  1848  :  died  in  Paris.  [xv.  375] 

DOUGLAS,  Sir  WIl.LIAM  FETTES  (1822-1891), 
artist  and  connoisseur;  assistant  in  Commercial  Bank, 
Edinburgh ;  studied  drawing  and  ailopted  profession  of 
artist,  1847 ;  exhibited  in  Royal  Scottish  Academy  from 
1845 :  associate,  1851,  full  member,  1854,  and  pre^kleut, 
1882;  curator  of  National  Gallery  of  Scotland,  1877-82; 
knighted,  1882;  LL.D.  Bilinburgh,  1884;  collector  of 
objects  of  art.  Among  his  best  pictures  are  "  The  Alche- 
mist,' 1855,  and  *  The  Roeicrucians,*  1856. 

[Suppl.  ii.  149] 

DOUGLAS,  WILLIAM  SCOTT  (1815-1888),  editor  of 
a  library  edition  of  Bums,  1877-9  ;  wrote  '  Picture  of  the 
County  of  Ayr,'  1874.  [xv.  875] 

DOUGLASS,  Sir  JAMES  NICHOLAS  (1826-1898X 
engineer:  apprenticed  to  Messrs.  Himter  &  English  at 
Bow :  manager  to  Messrs.  Laycock  on  the  Tync ;  en- 
gineer successively  on  Gun  Fleet  Pile,  Smalls  Rock,  and 
Wolf  Rock  lighthouses,  1854-70 ;  chief  engineei  to  cor- 
poration of  I'rinity  House,  1862 ;  designed  and  executed 
new  Eddystone  lighthouite,  1878-82;  knighted,  1882; 
M.LC.K.,  1861 ;  F.R.S.,  1887 ;  published  pamphlets  relating 
to  lighthouses.  [Suppl.  ii.  150] 

DOUGLASS,  JOHN  (1748-1812),  Roman  catholic  pre- 
late ;  professor  of  humanities,  1768,  and  subnociueutly  of 
philosophy  at  the  English  college,  Valladolid :  D.D.; 
vicar-apoetoiic  of  the  London  district,  1790 :  bi»ihop  of 
Centtiria  in  partibu*^  1790 ;  suggested  the  employment  of 
the  Irish  oath  of  allegiance  of  1778  to  meet  the  require- 
ments of  the  CathoUc  Relief  Act,  1791.  [xv.  375] 

DOULTOH,  Sir  HENRY  (1820-1897X  potter;  edu- 
cated  at  University  College  School,  London :  entered  his 
father's  pottery  at  Lambeth,  1885,  and  greatly  extended 
it:  began,  e.  1870,  to  develop  *  sgraffito'  ware,  which 
rapidly  gained  wide   reputation ;   received,  1886,  gold  j 


Albert  medal  of  Society  of  Arts,  of  which  he  was 
president,  1890-4 ;  knighted,  1887.  [SappL  IL  1 


D'OUVILLT,  GEORGE  GERBIBR  (JL  1661), 
tist  and  translator ;  of  Dutch  origin ;  captain  in  L^onf 
Craven's  regiment  in  the  Netherlands ;  published  '  Tie 
False  Favourite  Disgrac'd,*  a  tragi-comedy,  1657 ;  tcaat- 
lated  biographies  by  Andr^  Thevet.  [zv.  876] 

DOVASTOV,  JOHN  FREEMAN  MILWARD  a7»- 
1854),  misoellaneons  writer ;  M.A.  Christ  Church,  Ozftn^ 
1807 :  barrister  of  the  Middle  Temple,  1807 ;  pablUei 
'  Lectures  on  Natural  History  and  National  Metooy,'  189, 
and  poetical  works.  [xv.  tli] 

DOVE,  HENRY  (1640-1695),  archdeacon  of  Bicb- 
mond;  educated  at  Westminster  and  Trinity  OoUsie, 
Cambridge;  M.A.,  1665 ;  vicar  of  St.  Bride's,  Fleet Stnek, 
1673  ;  D.D.,  1677 ;  archdeacon  of  Richmond,  1678;  cbsp- 
lain  to  Charles  II,  James  II,  and  WUliam  III;  reooo- 
mended  by  Pearson  for  the  mastership  of  Trinity  CoUsge, 
Cambridge,  1688  ;  published  semions.  [xv.  377] 

DOVE,  JOHN  (1561-1618X  divine;  scholar  of  Wert- 
minster ;  M.A.  Christ  Churoh,  Oxford,  1586 ;  D.D.,  15M: 
rector  of  St.  Mary  Aldermary,  London,  1596-1618 ;  aothor 
of  '  A  Confutation  of  Atheism,'  1605,  and  other  woiks. 

[xv.  877] 

DOVE,  JOHN  (rf.  1665  ?),  regicide :  MJ*.  f or  Sattsbaiy, 
1645;  commissioner  for  Charles  Ps  trial,  1649;  hl|^ 
slterifT  of  Wiltshire,  1655;  taken  prisoner  t^  rojnlM 
conspirators  at  Salisbury,  1655 ;  submitted  at  the  Restori* 
tion.  [xv.  878] 

DOVE,  NATHANIEL  (1710-1754),  caUigmpher: 
master  of  an  academy  at  Hoxton ;  contributal  to  the 
'  Universal  Penman,'  published,  1743 ;  clerk  in  tbe 
victualling  office.  Tower  HilL  [xr.  878] 

DOVE,  PATRICK  EDWARD  (1815-1878X  philo- 
sophic writer:  farmer  near  Ballantrae,  Aiyshire,  £ron 
1841 ;  published  '  Tlie  Theory  of  Human  ProgressiOD,  sod 
Natural  Probability  of  a  Reign  of  Jnstloe,*  1850,  a  book 
which  earned  the  praise  of  Carlyle  ;  author  of  *  Elemcnti 
of  Political  Science,'  1854 :  inventor  of  rifled  csnooa. 
Though  a  strong  individualist,  his  attitude  on  the  qnestioB 
of  rent  anticipated  that  of  Henry  George.         [xv.  871] 

DOVE,  THOMAS  (1555-1680),  bishop  of  Peterboroogh :  I 
educated  at  Merchant  Taylors'  School ;  Wattes*  schobr,  j 
Pembroke  Hall,  Cambridge,  1571 ;  original  KhoUr  ef  j 
Jesus  College,  Oxfoid :  chaplain  to  Queen  Elizabeth,  wi« 
admired  his  eloquence :  dean  of  Norvvich,  1589 ;  bisbop  of 
Peterborough,  1601 ;  charged  with  remioneas  for  tUov- 
ing  silenced  ministers  to  preach,  1611  and  1614. 

[xv.  S8D] 

DOVEB^  DuKKB  OP.  [See  Dougl.vh,  Jamhb,  flnt  Hva, 
1662-1711 :  Douglas,  Charles,  second  Dctkk,  1698-177&J 


DOVSB,  Baroks.  [Sec  Jkrmtk,  Hexrt,  1686-17W: 
YoRKE,  Joseph,  first  baron  of  the  second  eratiOB, 
1724-1792 :  Ellis,  (}i£ORQe  Jamrh  Welbors  Agak-,  M 
Barok  of  the  third  creaUon,  1797-1888.] 

DOVEB,  JOHN  (d.  1725%  dramatist ;  demyof  Kar 
dalen  College,  Oxford,  1661:  barrister,  Gray's  Inn,icn; 
rector  of  Drayton,  Oxfordshire,  1688;  author  of  'Die 
Roman  Generalls,*  1667,  a  rhyming  tragedy.      [xv.380] 

DOVER,  Oaptaix  ROBERT  (1575  ?-1641X  foonderrf 
the  Cotswold  games  on  Ootswold  HilK  near  Eveabsn, 
e.  1604,  which  were  celebrated  by  the  poets  in  ^AnnaHs 
Dubrensia,'  1636;  attorney  at  Barton-on-the-Heath,  W■^ 
wickshire.  [zv.  881] 

DOVER,  THOMAS  (1660-1742X  physician:  ssitod 
with  the  ships  Duke  and  Duchess  on  a  privateerinf 
voyage,  as  captain  of  the  Duke,  1708 :  sacked  Onayaqdl 
in  Pern,  and  cured  a  hundred  and  seventy>two  of  bii 
sailors  of  the  pkigue,  1709 ;  rescued  Alexander  Sdkiit 
from  the  island  of  Juan  Fernandez,  1709  ;  MJ). ;  LjCJP., 
1721 ;  called  the ' quicksilver  doctor'  from  his exaggonstsi 
encomiums  of  metallic  mercury;  inventor  ^Dovet^ 
powder.  [xy.  882] 

DOVETON,  Sir  JOHN  (1768-1847),  general ;  captain, 
Ist  Madras  light  cavalry,  1800 ;  colonel,  1818 ;  brigaditt' 
general  of  the  Hyderabad  contingent,  1814;  defentsA 
Apa  Sahib,  raja  of  Nagpnr,  who  was  in  leagae  with  tit 
Pindaris,  anri  brought  about  the  evacuation  of  Nagpac, 
1817 ;  lieutenant-general  and  Q.O.B.,  18S7 ;  died  at  Matas. 

[XT.  888] 


i 

I 
i 
I 


DOW 


359 


DOWNINO- 


LLBXANDER  (d.  1779),  hb<torian  and  ! 
fwked  Uia  way  to  BeiuHwleii,  aud  became 
the  gOTenior  :  captain  in  the  Kast  India 
{engal  infoutry,  17tf4:  lieutenaut-oolonel, 
fc  Blmgalpur :  his  trageiliea,  '  ZiuKis/  1769, 
i,'  1774,  actel  at  Drury  Lane;  translated 
tory  o£  Hiudoi<tan,  1768.  [xt.  388] 

L,  GEORGE  (1487-1558),  archbishop  of 
tor  d  the  hospital  of  St.  John  of  Aidee, 
hbisbop  of  Armagh,  1543 ;  relactantly  sab- 
wnrrl  TIN  ortier  for  the  pnblic  use  of  the 
17  in  IrelaiMl,  1590 :  depriyed  of  the  primacy 
it  1560  ;  reinstated,  1553 ;  member  of  the 
anciU  1556.  [xv.  384] 

WXLL,  WILLIAM  (1731-1775),  poUtician  ; 
i^^e^minitter  an*!  Christ  Oharch,  Oxford; 
cyden,  1745;  M.P.,  Tewkeabnry,  1747-54, 
61-75  ;  chancellor  of  the  exchequer,  1765-6  ; 
iks  of  the  mercantile  interest,  1766 :  privy 
6ft ;  refoaed  to  be  president  of  the  board  of 
/•paymaster  in  Lonl  Chatham's  government, 
a  motion  for  the  reduction  of  the  land  tax, 
Nice.  [XV.  385] 


WILLIAM  (1761-1888),  general  and 
r :  third  son  of  WilMam  Dowdeswell  [q.  v.] ; 
xl  captain,  grenadier  guanls,  1785;  M.P., 
1792:  fought  at  Valenciennes  and  in  the 
e  Dunkirk,  1793;  governor  of  the  Bahamas, 
sotoael,  1797:  commaiKled  under  Lake  at 
805 :  oommander-in-chief  in  India,  1807 ; 
oeraL,  1810;  collected  prints  by  old  English 
id  made  a  specialty  of  *  grangexising.' 

[XV.  386] 
.,    STEPHEN   (1833-1898),  legal  and    ids- 
t:    B.A.  Corpus    Christi   CMlege,   Oxford, 
187S ;  assistant  solicitor  to  boanl  of  inland 
1-96.  [Suppl.  it.  151] 

ffS,  JOHN  (1563?-16S6?X  lutenist  And 
tade  several  journeys  to  Italy  and  Germany, 
joainted  with  Gregory  Howet  of  Antwerp, 
io,  and  other  famoa<*  musicians ;  Mus.  Bao.  I 
:  published  three  books  of  *  Songeft  or  Ayres 
tes  with  Tableture  for  the  Lute,'  1597,  1600,  ' 
edicated  his  'lachrymte*  to  Anne  of  Den* 
enUy  as  her  court  lutenist,  1605  ;  lutenist  to 
W.  [XV.  887] 

n),  ROBERT  (17th  cent),  musician ;  son 
land  [q.  v.]  ;  published  a  '  Varietie  of  Lute- 
l  a  coUection  of  English  and  continental  airs, 
.  Mvsicali  Banqvet,*  1610;  *  musician  in 
the  consort,'  1626.  [xv.  388] 

r,  RICHARD  (1622-1702),  nonconformist 
rlcolated  at  AU  Souls*  College,  Oxford,  1639 ; 
irdalen,  1640  ;  B.A.,  1643  :  minister  of  Stoke 
stershire,  1656  :  ejected  at  the  Restoration : 
holil  meetings  in  his  own  house  by  the 
9(  Indulgence,  1679 ;  preached  at  Godalming 
leration  Act  of  1689.  [xv.  389] 

rO,  ALFRED  SEPTIMUS  (1805-1868X 
:  brother  of  Sir  Jamss  Dowling  [q.  v.]; 
Gray's  Inn,  1888;  judge  of  county  courts, 
15,  York.«hire,  1849 :  commissioner  on  the 
;  of  the  county  courts,  1853 ;  published  colleo- 
totes  posfted  11  George  IV— 3  William  IV; 
le  reports.  [xv.  389] 

rO,  FRANK  LEWIS  (1823-1867),  journalist; 
Dt  George  Dowling  [q.  v.]  ;  barrister,  Middle 
\ ;  editor  of  '  BeU's  Life,'  1851,  and  •  Fistiana,' 

[xv.  389] 

rO,  Sn  JAMES  (1787-1844),  colonial  judge ; 
St.  Paul's  Scliool,  London,  1802;  barrister, 
pie,  1815 ;  author  of  *  The  Practice  of  the 
arts  of  (yommon  Law,'  1834 :  puisne  judge  of 
New  South  Wales,  1827 ;  chlef-justloe,  1837 ; 
38 :  died  at  Darllngburst,  Sydney,  [xv.  390] 

rO,  JOHN  GOULTER  (1805-1841),  divine; 
m  College,  Oxford  ;  head-master  of  the  Crypt 
'isool,  Gloucester,  1827-41 ;  rector  of  St.  Mary- 
ih  St.  Owen,  Gloucester,  1834-41 :  student  of 
trrote  *  An  Introduction  to  tiie  Critical  Study 
icaX  History.*  [xv.  390] 


DOWLHrO,  THADY  (1544-1628X  author  of  •  Annales 
HibemisB ' ;  ecclesiastical  treasurer  (e.  1590)  and  ohan- 
oellor  (1591)  of  the  see  of  LeigbUn,  co.  Oarlow. 

[XV.  391] 

SOWLUrO,  VINCENT  GEORGE  (1785-1852),  journal- 
ist :  elder  brother  of  Sir  James  Dowling  [q.  v.] ;  engaged 
with  the '  Star '  newspaper  and,  in  1809,  with  the  *  Day ' ; 
crossed  the  Channd  in  an  open  boat  to  give  the  *  Observer  * 
the  first  news  of  Queen  Caroline's  return,  1820  ;  editor  of 

*  Bell's  Life,'  1824-52 ;  issued  annually,  from  1840,  *  Fisti- 
ana ' :  claiined  to  have  originated  scheme  of  new  police 
system.  [xv.  391] 

DOWNS,  JOHN  (15707-1681X  divine;  B.D.  and 
fellow,  Emmanuel  College.  Cambridge :  vicar  of  Winsford, 
Somerset :  Latin  poet ;  his  '  TreatiM  of  the  True  Nature 
and  DeflnitioQ  of  Justifying  Faith  *  published,  1635. 

[XV.  391] 

DOWVBS,  BABOKfl.  [See  Dowxias,  William,  first 
Bakon,  1752-1826;  BuiiGH,  Sm  Ultbsbs  Baosnal, 
second  Baron,  1788-1868.] 

D0WKB8,  ANDREW  (1549  7-1628),  Greek  profesitor 
at  Cambridge  ;  Lady  Margaret  scholar,  St.  John's  College, 
Cambridge,  1567  ;  M.A.,  1574 ;  senior  fellow.  1581 ;  B.D., 
1582 ;  regius  professor  of  Greek,  the  study  of  which  he 
had  helped  to  revive,  1585-1624  ;  one  of  the  translators  of 
the  Apocrypha  for  the  *  authorised  version ' ;  edited  the 

*  Eratosthenes*  of  Lysias,  1593;  published  '  Pnelectlones 
hi  PhlUpplcam  de  Pace  Demostbenis,*  1621.      [xv.  892] 

D0WKB8,  JOHN  (>f.<1666X  regicide ;  sat  for  Arundel 
in  the  Long  parliament,  1648;  prevailed  apon,  partly 
against  his  wiU,  to  sign  (Tharles  Fs  death-warrant ;  mem- 
ber of  the  council  of  state,  1651  and  1669  ;  commissioner 
for  the  revenue,  1659;  arrested  (1660)  for  his  share  in 
the  execution  of  Charles  I,  and  kept  a  close  prisoner  in 
Newgate.  [xv.  393] 

DOWHES,  JOHN  {/1, 1668-1710).  writer  on  the  stage ; 
prompter  to  Sir  WlUlam  D'Avenant's  company  at  the 
theatre  in  Uncoln's  Inn  Fields,  1662 ;  published  *  Roscius 
Angltcanus,  or  an  Historical  Review  of  the  Stage,'  1708. 

[XV.  894] 

DOWNXB,  THEOPHILUS  {d.  1726),  nonjuror  ;  If  .A. 
Balllol  C^ollege,  Oxford,  1679 ;  fellow  ;  ejected  for  refusing 
oath  of  allegiance,  1690 ;  published  ancmymously  *  A  Dis- 
course concemipg  theSigniflcation  of  Allegiance '  (1689  ?). 
^^  [XV.  394] 

DOWNXB,  WILLIAM,  first  Barok  Dowxks  (1752- 
1826), chief- justice  of  the  king's  bench  hi  Ireland;  B.A. 
Trinity  College,  Dublin,  1773;  called  to  the  Irish  bar, 
1776 :  M.P.  for  Donegal ;  lord  chief-justice  of  the  king's 
bench,  1803-22;  vice-chancellor  of  Dublin  University, 
1806-16 ;  created  Barcm  Downes  of  AghanviUe,  1822. 

[XV.  395] 

DOWNHAK  or  DOWKAKS,  GEORGE  (<f.  1634), 
Mshop  of  Derry  ;  elder  son  of  William  Downbam,  bishop 
of  Chester  [q.  v.] ;  fellow  of  Christ's  College,  Cambridge, 
1585 ;  university  professor  of  logic :  chaplain  to  James  I ; 
bishop  of  Derry,  1616 ;  published  a  sermon  against  Ar- 
minismism,  1631,  for  the  suppression  of  which  Laud  pro- 
cured royal  letters  ;  treated  the  presbyterians  with  mode- 
ration ;  published  'A  Treatise  concerning  Antichrist  .  .  . 
against  .  .  .  Bellarmlne,*  1603,  and  a  *  Commentarius  in 
Rami  DUlectlcam,*  1610.  [xv.  396] 


DOWNHAK  or  DOWKAME,  JOHN  (</.  1652),  puri- 
tan divine ;  son  of  William  Downham,  bishop  of  Chester 
[q.*v.]  ;  B.D.  Christ's  College,-  Camtndge ;  rector  of  All- 
hallows  the  Great,  1630-62 ;  signed  petition  against  Laud's 
book  of  canons,  1640 ;  licenser  of  the  press,  1643 ;  wrote 
largely  on  religious  subjects.  [xv.  396] 

SOWNHAX,  WILLIAM,  whose  name  is  sometimes 
spelt  DowxAMS  and  Downman  (1505-1577),  bishop  of 
Chester ;  M. A.  and  fellow  of  Magdalen  College,  Oxford, 
1548;  canon 'Of  Westminster,  1560:  bishop  of  Chester, 
1561-77 ;  reported  to  the  council  for  remissness  in  en- 
forcing the  Act  of  Uniformity,  1561  and  1570;  D.D. 
Oxford,  1566.  [xv.  397] 


DOWVDTO,  CALTBUTE  ( 1606-1 644X  divine;  B.A. 
Oriel  (College,  Oxford,  1626 ;  M.A.  Peterhouse,  Cambridge ; 
LL.D.  Peterhouse,  Cambridge,  1637  ;  vicar  of  Hackueyj 
London,  1037-43 ;  chaplain  to  Lord  Robartes's  r^ment 
in  the  Earl  of  Essex's  army ;  licenser  of  books  of  divinity, 
1648 :  probably  became  an  independent.  [zr.  898] 


DOWnSO,  Sir  OBOIUU,  aiMbuwMI 


lcgg:i«<Ht-iii*it(r^g«Hnlo(On>ciii^'>annTlBSi»tluid. 
1«K :  U J>.  for  Edlnbaixh,  I«M,  t«  OulMe  mud  Hadding- 
.....     ._ .._._a 'ittol[«riiigi:ro»n 


I ;  mldait  nt  the  Hacne,  1' 


[.P.,  Uorpgtta.  le««-ID, 
aeac  icinc  miguc,  isri :  DompeUal  bjbli  nspapultrlt; 
la  le*Tt  (M  Hiiguc,  1ST3.  Oolbert  nlltd  him  '  Ic  ploi 
imnd  quertllcar  dw  dlpknEwbea  do  mm  Mmp*.' 

{■»■  M»l 

DOWima.  SiH  OBORBB.  third  tsronet  (1«SI?- 
i;«),  (ounder  ot  Downing  0(illeg«:  gnidedD  o(  Sir 
0«rgs  DownloB  (WMf-1881)  [n.Y.]:  M.P.,  Dnnwlch, 
Suflalk.171D,lTl].uid  nii-i»:  K.B,.i;a«:  left  extaCa 
in  CambridgMhlm,  a«UordBhire,  and  Siiffolt,  with  niilcb. 


^b  litigstioD,  Sc 


[ir.lOl] 


a  OoltogB. 

«^a«dlau>di>tap«Iil.-lIitaiic;.Drtha  MaiUKC. 
mtn(ofGWdreu,'lpan(.ITT4,lTle,Dtidl77S.  [iT.4i)f] 

SOWHXAK,  JOHN  (1760-1814),  portrmlt  ud  BnbjnC 
poinler;  A.II.A,,  179S  :  eitlHiitedat  tha  Roful  AcailcDV, 

I7a»-ieie.  C«t.im] 

OOWXKAK,  fliH  THOMAS  (17;b-18M).  limtffliaiit- 
SOHrBl ;  MiTBi  Brtth  the  guaidi  tu  the  Nntberituidi,  17»! 
■nd  17B4 ;  taken  phaDner  at  MonToui.  17M ;  KFTtd  in 
!ian  DomlOHO  tnm  17M  to  IBUO:  oomnuuiilei  csTaliy 

OnuBa.  ISO)  :  prvteat  in  the  cidif  Qattl»  and  tirgrt  of 
the  FanlnBuIar  war;  lleDUnant-iioloDd.  loyal  tuir»artjl- 
kni^litA),   IS91 ;    llaqtauDt-Keueral,    ISAl ; 
[IT.  •Mil 
IVILLIASf  (lH»-ltr7).    (Sk  Doif.\- 

Hahquis  00  (17ia-ir«3).    (Hee 
Hn.L,  WiLUt.) 

BOWHTOV,  NIOHOLA 
the  EaiC  India  Company ; 

Saa  porta  aUblishlng  a  tn 

Xtddlelon,  tail ;  bnmht  home  MIddleton'i  dlaabM  iL.^ 
the  Peppenorn,  lell :  gauia]  ol  the  (nrapanj^  ehipi  ii 
tba  Eaac  Indtei:  oompdled  tbe  FortagueK.  nnder  ihi 
tliKray  of  Ooa,  to  ntllfl,  after  three  neela'  Hgbtlng  of 


k!o.b.. 

DO"" 

Han.] 


■7  with  Sir  Hen  I 


ANNS  (A.  IIMX  P< 


[" 


»  Big- 


)  "Tho  Frairh  HletorlB.'-  , 

drioa  docrlbkng  three  eraita  In  tbe  r^lgiaiu  hialory  of 
uontemponiry  Franoe,  ltg».  [iv,  ^uj] 

DOTSIOHE,  HUOR  (Jl.   KM),  hpubaiid  ot   Anne 
powrtohe  [,q;^J^J:  publUhBi  ■A.<r,«i^i,Aaf,  the  lavlor. 


DOWTON,  HSKRY  <t.  1798),  actor:  «  of  WUIlm 
Mwton  <17tl-lUlJ  [q.  T.]  [it.  Vk] 

pOWTOH,    WILLIAM   (17B1-1W1),  a 


SOXAT,  LBWia  (177t-lB71), 
BrlUdi  Wat  Indlee ;  manager  of  tl  _ 

ot  Che  '  Morning  Ohronlol*  ■  alter  IBSl.  [it.  m] 

DOTU,  Sir  CHARI.B3  HASTTNaS  riSOt-lSV). 
genenl;  Boa  of  LleiJt«nanb.Rflifiral  Sir  CharW  WUUia 
Sorle  [q.  '.] :  milgn.  STIh  nglment.  1B1> :  eaptaln.m: 
UeuCenaDt-cDlonFl,  IMS;  cdIodcI,  DM;  Inrabded  bn 
from  Varna.  1SB4:  oommanded  hi  Nora  BcoUa,  INI: 
lleateiiaiii.«aien>ar  of  Noia  SooUa,  lM7.ri:  %iJU. 
IMS:  geuenl,  1OT7.  [it.4«»] 

DOYLE,  SinOHABLBa  WILUAU  (I7T0-1M)X1M- 


dlTMKrr  and  Ipflpector-geoeral  of   mill 
'""  "  "  "    BngUab   armj. 


lLaiUH)/,al>d(l7t7)hi 
da-mafor  at  Cadli.  at  Mallii.  IBn. 

1$  I  illitliigiilihcd  In  tbr  eampalcu 


ihn  Doyle  (IIHF-ISM)  [q.  t.]  :  tducatol 
irlat  Ohurch.  Oifoid;  B.A„  ••"••■  "'" 
07:  fellow  of  All  8onli',lSM~i 
tt :  auMceilcd  to  bannetoy, 
i>t0ma,lMe-g>:  ptofcsaorDr 


Lfoid.  im-ll: 


NaUonal  Oallerj-  of  Ireland.  IK)  til 

Doyle  [c|.  T,]:  honorary  aecretary  to  Natlooal  PorBiil 
Gallery,  London,  l8«»-e :  O.B.,  IBM.        [SBppL  U.  IM) 

DOTLB.  JAMRB  WARREN  (ITS«-18M).  Bam 
eathollc  hlibop  of  KIMhr  and  Leigblln:  AoinUaln 
monk,  l§Ofl;  entered  the  nnlTwiltj  of  Oolmbra,  IM: 
TOluDlear  odder   Sir  Arthur    Wellealey:    aadafuM 

1B0R ;  f  joofHit-ely  proffeaor  of  rhetorlo,  biraiaDl^.  iiit 
tbeology  at  CarloiT  College.  1B1S-1«:  btahop  ol  2^0 
and  LeiKhlbi,  1B19:  reformed  dlieipUne  of  hl>  dioeot  od 
attacked  stabliibcd  oburch ;  eumtned  by  parliaaaBiT 
oommitlDM  on  the  coodillon  of  Inland,  latt,  l«90,a^ 
IKJi;  built  a  oathedisl  sC  Callow :  nabllilMd  '  Lctun  n 
"■-  "■-'-  of  Irelaal,'  ISSl,   1°*- " -"- 


DOYLE.  JAMES  WILLIAU  KDMUKD  (in>-lSU> 
KD  olJobo  Doyle  [q.  T.] ;  pnbllihed'OfflcialBaraiitell 
England.- 1888,  [SuppL  11.  IM] 


mytbolOKy  and  cultuic, 


ruiBtm:  wrvl««  Iftrti;   (ouulit  nl  Foenta 
t   tlK  CBUtun  of  OliKtod  Itodriiio.  ISl): 

I  PortoifUBte  &a&ln,  18aA ;  LraprlHoel  by  Dom 
Ktinly  aiding  lili  riTjl  Dnii  Peira,  IStS: 
Inflow.    1831-"-   ^*-    " -'-'  -'-'■ —  "^    **■' 


li.  OcylDC 


liv.4I»] 


(IfllT-UTS), 

-     — ■ng    DIYU 

iDdls. 


r    ot  DOYLY, 

J  ;  dafBtdal  island  ogniiut  levcrkl  SpADlub 
RHHHjast.  [SuppL  il.  US] 

E  or  B'OTLT,  THOMAS  (IMSf-lwi). 
olar :  M.A.  U Agdala  Oolifge,  Oxfocd.  IMD  : 
•ucbBion:  MJ).IIut>!,c;IUI:  bcMmBlml 

m  rrraTMit  ■BI)lUllUi«n  Hllpiuill».' 
.  H  Spuilsli  gnnmur  mud  dictknarr  la 
•Uo,  luid  Bnilijili.  Uanaal,  IIM,  vliioli  be 
I  bToar  ol  Pavlnll'  book.  [it.  IIT) 

'.  BmCHABLEE.iemitii  teroii«t(lI8UlBit}, 


■bjilclxpi.  Itn.  II 


IBtl:  •ailar  raaabcT  of  tin  nurtni  bo 
aUenr  uUit  of  IndUn  and  Aoiilo-Iiuliaa 
Fif.  Ill 
■.  Sir  PRANOrs  (J.  1811X  cpIdiH;  bre 
>d  Sit  Jolin  D'OylJlq-T.] :  utiMsnt  ttd]iit, 
ttv  Pmlunlsi  cuupnlgiu:   K.C.B.:  klllal 


■.  GiriROB  (lT78-ie«X 


,t  Watniinilei 
o  tbegovenimnCotOvjIoii.lBlO:  Ini^fdy 
iHid  at  Ormml  BRni'DrlgK'ii  InUlllgence 
br  orettkroi*  of  tho  Idnif  tf  Kmnily,  IKU 


I.  1T4B).  tmi'lnUu' :  ivMn 
o(  Trinity  CoUpgo,  nnmlirii 
NlFbolu.  Ha-botcr.  ITlu 

•mix  tn  Tbtorj  «Dd  Pnwtlc 


,   WTLLIi-M  (lWi;?-l«89),  mailail  «riWr 


SIAaEI,    OIOTANKI    BATTISTA    (ITtb  obL), 


lg74>lllttDI«llMUI 


'SUmfDnlCbsml 

inuxz.  Sin  UERKAIU)  (i.  lest),  ui 

UUBtUm  for  Lb^  'IcLeitkon  of  Ejiielktli  buiiH  ui  i^vwn, 
liisi:  knliFliWl,  lew :  Jlcd  olgool  fevtr  or  ploguo  oagbt 

Lloa  ol  Vlnnii.  whieb  be  hud  papWrol  oO  BrittBoy. 

t«.4Ml 
(n!ARL,B8  FBASCla  TYHWHITT  (IMe- 
lihntrlii  UieHaljLuid;  (dmalad 
ud  TrInlU  OoOin.  OusbiUgB; 
nplond,  tn  cooipur  wlUi  PntMor  fidnid  Hatj 
Pnlmcr  Iq.  t.],  nuonUliu  mK  11  tb*  Anhib  uil  puti 
of  Edom  ind!ii>at>.JU>:  inrstlgkUd.  lor  PbIbUdi  Kx- 
plontlan  Paul.  loKrttad  itoiiai  nl  Haio^h.  1814;  dMo( 
lETCr Bt  Jenmlem.  Clilcf  worb  : -NoMi  oa  tlio  Blrdisl 
TnugLT  >ud  bwleni  Hoiwco'  ('Ibl^'  IMT,  IWt),  will 
pan  of '  L'uciploKd  tiyrio.'  1^^'  ["■  **>] 

SaAXX,  SIB  FRAKCIB  {IMU!-ltKj,  olrnaBDmTl- 
tmlnr  nivl  ftdmlnl:  eonunukled  tbe  Jodllli  in  John 
Hkwk)-iu'!i  lU-fsUd  expMttaa.  IU7  [m  HinUKB,  a» 
Jonit] ;  nwte  tbm  TOgwn  (hub  Pljmoalh  •-  "-*  "— • 
Iiidl».  IITD,  mi.  ud  Iiri:  luided  M  Sw 
uid  vuuld  ban  plnodM*!  U»  to«ii.  had 

noltfil.  Itn :  bnnit  Portobdlo,  1)7} :  u 
Croi,  It's ;  ntonitd  to  nrmoaCh.  ItTS :  i 
Bdvi  in  Indindi  ndund  Raltalln,  Itri;  i 
P)TinoDtb  for  tbe  IUtbi  PUt«,  I17T  ;  uwi 

IlougblJ,  ■  dtpoBod  aaioB  ol  bii  lollowliig,  o __ 

of  conipinuT.  »TS :  ullod  throogb  ttefiinitJ  of  Mugrlliia. 
I»7)>:  phmdind  Vilpuviio.  Ii71i:  captoral  ■  lUp  tnm 
AcnpolGO,  HnuEDundfld  by  one  Dod  Fruol^co  dr  Cinto, 
wbo  Ht  Ihe  Ttoroy  of  Hew  Bpiln  ■  littrr,  iliU  tiUnt, 


mjur  uf  PlymoBlh.  118S;  hi* '—" 

10  John  Doiigbly,  nn  »g~  '    ' " 
~..  BcBxint^.  IUI4-6:  i 


UithsWaH 


-nWrnmnda!,  I1H7 

rt'llllam  Boroagb  [q.  v.l. ' 
EllubMta  to  fomUll  a  Si 
(jng  nf  Spidi 


llh™-lj"rind 


U88 :  tucloDiii  DfT  Uthut  vrllli 
Ihe  ^Ihita  1l»t  Id  iutawpl 
rpu  bark  to  Plymoatb  by  a 


Bpoln 


ItPortobello,  ISOfl; 


ssr; 


SUngsbr;  V^fi..  irii:  lnvBtlgiit*il  Ion 
inn  pnblHUJi.  luuli  tu  tbe  llli'kli:)n>te  SUne  ■ 
nl  DpIkotHIh.  (>"- 

ISAKX.  FrtANOia  (W31-ITDI1.  clergjoittii; 
iL-i.  I)rciln:(iuuu-i;jl)[<).  ».):  Tnipp's  wind* 


AKS,  JAMBS  riH'-l'UI).  pDlltlm]  writer;  uld- 
nl  KUa  ud  CWtu  OmiBge,  CuibrUiB  i  M.A.: 
am:  F.lLE^lTOl;  7.R.O.P„17W;  pmacutal  lor 
ipampliJn.'Tha  Hbtotror  the  Idjt  Fu-liaiiieiiC.' 
lultted.  i:ui;  pan  auUm  ot  >  Tba  UsDoiiBl  dF  tbe 


Ian  been  pnBepuIal  hid  thtir  Idenlity  b 

pubtli^hal  ■  Tbe  Aulieiil  siid  Moiem  Bug«  KeTlcwal,' 

i:iKJ.  nod  ■  Antbropdlo^  Sdiu,-  1707.  [m.  «B1 

D&AKX,  JOHN  POAD  (1791-1983).  ioTentor  tuid 
i>rt1>l:  palDtoI  ■  pictnn  ol  NnpuleDu  ou  bwnl  Il» 
IhflUinipbon ;  T]«l»d  Moutrtal ;  Htciitcd  a  dVa^oual 
amkDFfviiwnt  oT  rib*  oud  plvkkSng*  for  ships  Aid  a  screw 
tKiiall  (utenliw.  ISSI ;  wld  u  have  lUicarenil  the  ]>rlii- 
eiplc  at  tin  Snider  EiiBelit  gun,  IRSC  [xv,  <t7] 

BKAKE,  KATBA^  (17gfi-ia3SX  UUnuy  wnylat  nnd 

Eliyriuirui:  M.D.  Ediubor^h.  1789;  pnctbel  jic  Sud- 
or;. 1790-1.  uiKlu  Hidleigli.  SufloUi.  Wsa-INS:  putt- 
Llehcd  'Shakopvre  nod  liU  Tlnm.'  1M7.  'Ui^niarialB  of 
Sbakupain.'  IHffi,  and  mKHlluiixiiu  ou^:  ednioual 
OK  or  lUifKalla  In  coDiiunptton.  [>r.  MX] 

BEAEZ,  HOOEH (ine-lll««X pbT>l<iian  ami  dMne; 
U.A.  FanbmkcGalleeii.auibrMgc.lUl:  U.D.  Lcydm. 
1S39^  dcfcDded HarvpUu doctrinfl of  tbB drcubktloQ  ofUw 
blonl  »K»lll>!l  Dr.  JiLDKi  PriinnJ«rq.T.].  Iflll  ;  amelHl 

r"-  ClBap.lB»a;  publlalKid '  Baond  Ohronologle,' 


ot  St^ 
ojBitcd 


X,  SAUDBL(J.  leltx  nyalhl  dlrli 
ihn'a  OoIUkc,  Oambrtdge,  1S13:  U. 
nn  ftallowulp  for  rtfii^n^  to  tAke  tbe  < 
SB*ark:  Inmmbeutof  PonleEraet,  le 
bcndai;  of  SantbHell.  lSTU-1.  [: 

DBAXZ,  SAUUBL  (]GIIG!'1713),  imUqasiy 
Fraiicli  Dnks  (tSM-1771)  [q.  t.I:    M.A,  S 


Collie,  Cambridge,  17 

1733-aS;  wrcnean'ohrbtian  ritual;  cdllad  Bartboloo: 
Ulcrke'i  Latin  ttoiiilatlan  ot  On&tiglianB'B '  Ooartitfr,'  1  i 


(lISJ-1801).     anUq.iou     aoj 


II2AKI.  AUUOSTA  THBOI 
oinedllonua  calliolla.  IBM;  pi 


lODlbeorlgloof 
I'- 


nd  fellow  St.  JahD'X 


\  THOMAS  (J.  l678V),dlTtiie  end  poet: : 
.„  it.  John't  College,  (^iiibrWip,IM'    "  '    " 

beiid»iyol3».PKd-».lll*>;preb™iir 
li.hHl  ■  Sylva.'  a  MUlwtloo  t 

DBAPXmiEK,    JAN 

K  DordrK-- 

iWARD  AI.DBKD(177«-1S11). 
umnuDTBir  niulamDnper  [q.  T.]:  cdocatsi  at  EUe: 

tow  guanli,  1786;    hrevet-nmior  iinl  mtliturr  eccn»«i 
*-   "--iteDut'Woena  Uiinh^ld.   181)2,  bHoglat  hut 
L_  .^ . .  ,,._  Luchi,  IBM;  cr — '- 


OKAPES.    E 


iLim,   17HV ;    rcpHmandfd   b 


WILLIAM  (17J1-17ST).  OeotaiHt 
Kcnvni;  <>i»i:auii  at  Blou  MUl  KIng'l  OlAlcgc.  CU' 
briilEc;  fsUow  of  Xlngl  CoUega;  M.A.,  lTt>:  cndfn  ti 
Lonl  Henry  Bcanclcrk'e  rcRiniBib,  1744 ;  adjn^it.  In  (M 
(Baida,  1741;  Ucatoiiiiit  and  captain.  174( ;  oommuM 
tbe  7>th  reRtraeut,  railed  b;  UnueU,  it  tbe  ileKr  0(  Fort 
Elt.  Georg*,  II»B-« :  coloncklTM:  Miptnred  UiniOa,  im, 
rauunibiii  It  for  l.oa(UMOf.  In  bllU  on  Uadrld.  which  ni 
ncTcrpald;  eolood.liith  Int,  1791:  K.B.. ITM ; deified 
tbe  Uarquli  of  Uranby  atra<n«t  'JualB.'  ITM:  Uentaiut- 
gcneral.  1J77 ;  lleiilmaiit-gotenior  of  Minorca,  177*-t)  i 
___. ..  __,___j_i  .. u(  mlKoodnct  a^lnil  Uco- 


tirt.4] 
1618k  divine:  B.D.  Ohrtit-i 

f  DDvprcourt-cnm-Harrkh. 


ul  LicMeld:   lUlppol  of  all  ) 
«ycal.  UM.  ixn.  I] 

OKATTOir,  MICHAEL  (UBJ-IUI).  Hiet:  at  a 
me  probably  jukfc  to  sir  Henry  vlooderectf  PowletBort] 
ublilbed  '  I<l€ii.    TbE  Sbcphennlc  Clarland.    PaabloDId 

Plm GaiKtDD.'  1ID3.  'Uatllda'(Fitairater>,  ltt4,  ai 
le  Tragle  ■■  ' —^    '    ■..._--..-—    _  .. 


in  WebnerOWO?- 
.     .         .   }<Ha  P.llabetbin 
W  ScDtlUil ;  jmMkihad  -Tbt  Oirle,' 


DRAYTON 


368 


DBUMMOND 


a  mttn,  lfl04 ;  prodooed,  e.  1805,  *  Poemes  Lyrick  and 
TmanB,'  eonteming  the  f  amoaa  *  Ballad  of  Aginooort ' : 
poUidwd  (lt07>  *  The  Legoid  of  Oraat  GromwelV  inoloded 
in  tbe  1610  edition  of  *  Miitmr  for  Magistrates* ;  finished 
'Poij-Olbkm,*  a  loog  poetio  topography  of  Enarlaud,  1683  ; 
patdidied  *  NlmphSdia  *  and  other  poems,  1697  :  friend  of 
ShalcBBDeare ;  blghly  esteemed  by  Drummond  of  Haw- 

[xvi.  8] 


niATTOV,  KICHOULS  dk  (>I.  1376),  ecclesiastic 
snd  iodge :  warden  of  King's  College,  Cambridge,  1363  : 
imprtsooed  for  beresy,  1369  ;  excbeqaer  baron,  1376. 

[xvi.  13] 
CORNBLIS  (lfi7S-1634X  pbUoBopher  and 
inventor ;  bom  at  Alkmaar :  invented  machine 
for  |"—^-"**g  perpetual  motion,  which  he  prepoited  to 
his  patnn,  James  I ;  visited  the  court  of  Rudolph  II ; 
impriaoncd  on  the  capture  of  Prague  by  the  elector  pala- 
tine* ItaO:  rdeased  at  James  Vb  intercession :  sent  in 
of  flreabips  on  tbe  Rochelle  expedition,  1627: 
witii  invention  of  telescope,  micra^cope,  and 
;  aotbor  of  a  Dutch  work  <m  the  *  Nature  of 
tbtBannta,'  1608.  [xvi.  13] 

OiaeSOBV,  Lobd  (I734-I796).  [See  Maclaurix, 
Jobs.] 


\  PETER  (1644-1782X  dean  of  Ar- 
of  a  Hognenot  minister :  M.A.  Trinity  Ool- 
Doblin,  1681 :  LL.D.,  1691  :  archdeacon  of  Leighlin, 
\m  I  dean  of  Armagh,  1691-1723.  [xvi.  U] 


r,  WILLIAM  (1764-1830),  Irish  poet :  MJL 
r,  1771 ;  MJ>.  Edinburgh,  1778  ;  formulated  ori- 
glaal  praspeetos  of  the  Society  of  United  Irishmen,  1791 ; 
dadnnui,  1793  and  1793 :  trieil  for  sedition,  and  acquitted, 
1794;  writer  of  patriotic  lyrics :  first  Irish  poet  to  call 
Irdand  the  •  Smeraki  Isle.*  [xvi.  14] 


r,  EDWARD  (1643  7-1598),  recorder  of  London : 
icfaolar,  Szeter  Oollege,  Oxford ;  admitted  Inner  Temple, 
liaO:  scrjeant-at-law,  1689;  MJ".  for  Lyme  Regis,  1684, 
for  Szeter,  1S88  and  1688 :  recorder  (1693-4)  and  M.P.  for 
\imAm,m9;  queen's  Serjeant,  1696.  [xvi.  16] 


/,  FREDERICK  (1886-1891),  geologist ;  studied 

A  Royal  SclMol  of  Mines ;  joined  geoio^cal  survey,  1866 ; 
id  service  of  mabarajah  of  Kashmir,  1863,  and  be- 
gDiesmn  of  province  of  Ladakh;  F.Q.S.,  1868; 
»  master  at  won,  1876-91 ;  published  geographical 
■Bd  geological  writings.  [SuppL  iL  166] 


\  OBOROB  SMITH  (1819-1880),  Hulsean  teo- 
BJL  St  John's  College,  Cambridge,  1843 ;  M.A., 
1847;  vicar  of  Holy  Trinity,  Lambeth,  1873-80 ;  Bulsean 
iBctorar  (1877)  on  *Tbe  Human  Life  of  Christ  revealing 
tke  oidar  of  tbe  Universe,*  1878.  [xvi.  16] 


^  JOHN  (1809-1867),  astronomer :  schoolmaster 
■k  Bootbampton,  e.  1847 ;  part  founder  of  tlie  Meteoro- 
kgical  SooiBty,  1860;  doctor  in  phUosophy,  B41e.  Hiit 
vorts  indode  ^Chronological  Charts  illustrative  of  An- 
dttt  History  and  Geography,*  1836,  and  a  'Manual  of 
Astronomy,*  1846.  [xvi.  16] 


,  SAMUEL  (1766-1833X  metaphysician;  of 
banhle  origin;  Wesley  an  preacher,  1788;  published 
'Remarks  npon  Paine's  •*  Age  of  Reason,*"  1799 ;  styled 
Vtt  'Comiab  metaphysician*  cm  the  publication  of  an 
'Kstty  on  tbe  Immateriality  and  Immortality  of  tlie  Soul,* 
UOS :  soperintendait  from  1819  of  tbe  Caxton  press,  first 
tt  Liverpool  and  then  in  London.  [xvi.  17] 

raUVO,  RAWLINS  (yr.  1688X  physician ;  fellow  and 
XJL  Wadliam  OoUege,  Oxford,  1683 ;  medical  practitioner 
St  Sherborne;  endeavoured  to  disprove  invariability  of 
inmed  by  crystallising  salts.   [xvL  18] 

JOHN  (1763-1844).   [SeeBKTUUNE, 


Jon  DBDKWAnB.] 

9B0nH0VT,  JOHN  (1896-166SX  engraver ;  brother 
of  MscttB  DroedMWt  [q.  v.]  ;  engraved  a  set  of  plates  for 
Dk  Boob's  *  LotiUnia  liberata.*  [xvi  19] 

laOttHOUT,  MARTIN  (/.  16S0-1661X  engraver ; 
botn  la  l4MMlnn,  of  Flemish  parentage;  engraved  por- 
tnit  of  ShakBspeare  prefixed  to  First  Folio,  1633. 

[xvi.  18] 

OEOOHZDA,  first  Marquis  atyl  sixth  Earl  op 
(1730-103).    LSee  Moore,  Charlbs.] 


DBOOHXDA,  V18COU.VTR.  [See  Moorr,  Sir  Qarrbt, 
first  Viscount,  1660?-1637;  Moore,  Sir  Charlks, 
second  Viscount,  1603-1643.] 

DBOKBHSFOBD,  JOHN  de  (</.  1339),  bishop  of  Rath 
and  Wells;  accompanied  Bdwanl  I  agaimt  the  Scots, 
1391, 1396,  and  probably  also  in  1304 :  r«ctor  of  Droxford, 
Hampshire,  and  pret>endary  of  Southwell,  Lichfield,  Lin- 
coln, and  Wells;  chancellor  of  the  exchequer,  1307; 
bishop  of  Rath  and  Wells.  1309-39 :  petitioned  for  ap- 
pointment of  ordahiers,  1310  :  r^rent,  1313;  took  oath  to 
support  Queen  Isabella  and  iier  son  Edward  III,  1337. 

[xvi.  19] 

DBOXOOOLE,  THOMAS  (1750  ?-l 836  ?),  Roman 
catholic  agitator ;  native  of  Ireland  ;  M.D.  IMinburgh  ; 
settled  as  a  physiciou  iu  Dublin ;  dcuounoal  in  1813  all 
compromise  in  strutri^le  for  Catholic  Eniancipution,  there- 
by delaying  its  grant  by  parliament ;  died  at  Rome. 

[xvi.  30] 

DBOPE,  FRANCIS  (1629?-lfi71),  arboriculturwt ; 
demy  of  Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  1646:  ejected,  1C48; 
M.A.,  1660:  fellow,  1663;  B.D.,  1667:  prebendary  of  Lin- 
coln, 1670  :  his  *  Short  and  Sure  Guide  in  the  l*ractice  of 
Raising  and  Ordering  of  Fruit-trees,'  published,  1673. 

[xvi.  31] 

DBOPE,  JOHN  (1636-1670X  physician  and  poet; 
brother  of  Francis  Drope  [q.  v.] :  demy  of  Magdalen  Col- 
lege, Oxford,  1643 ;  fouKlit  for  Charles  I  in  the  garrison 
of  Oxford ;  fellow,  1647 :  master  at  John  Fetiplace's 
school,  Dorchester,  e.  1654;  M.A.,  1660;  physician  at 
Borough,  Lincolnshire;  published  poems.         [xvt  31] 

DBOTIT.  JOHN  (./f.  1670),  poet ;  attorney,  of  Thavies 
Inn ;  issued,  1670,  a  poetic  tale  '  from  the  Italian.* 

[xvi.  31] 
DBTJE,  THOMAS  (A  1631 X  author  of  *The  Life  of 
tbe  Dvtches  of  Svffolke,'  an  historical  play,  1631. 

[xvi.  31] 
DBUID,  The  (pseudonym)  (1832-1870).    [See  Dixon, 
Hexrt  Hall.] 

DBUITT,  ROBERT  (1814-1883),  medical  writer; 
F.R.C.S.,  1846  ;  P.R.C.P.,  1874  :  M.D.  Lambeth ;  editor 
of  the  *  Medical  Times  and  Chuette,*  1863-73;  president 
of  the  Metropolitan  Association  of  Medical  Officers  of 
Health,  1864-73 ;  published  '  The  Surgeon's  Vade-Mecum,* 
1830,  and  other  writings.  [xvL  23] 

DBimCAIBK,  Lord.  Earl  ov  Melrose  (1663-1637). 
[See  Hamilton,  Sir  Thomah.] 

DBTJIOCOVD,  ALEXANDER  (<i.  1769),  published 
'Travels  through  ....  (Germany,  Italy,  Greece,  and  parts 
of  Asia,*  1764 ;  consul  at  Aleppo,  1764-6.  [xvL  33] 

DBirXXOHD.  ANNABELLA  (1360  ?-1403X  queen  of 
Robert  III  of  Scotland  ;  daughter  of  Sir  John  Drummond 
of  Stobhall;  married  John  Stewart  of  Kyle  (afterwards 
Robert  III),  1367 :  crowned  <iueeQ,  1390 ;  proposed  a  mnr- 
riasce  between  a  relation  of  Richard  II  and  one  of  the  royal 
children  of  Bcothuid,  1894.  David  Stewart,  duke  of  Rotlte- 
say  [(}.  v.],  her  son,  was  murdered,  while  regent,  shortly 
after  her  death.  [xvL  32] 

DBTmXOND,  EDWARD  (1793-1843),  civU  servant -. 
private  secretary  to  the  Earl  of  Uipou.  Canning,  Welling- 
ton, and  Sir  Robert  Peel ;  shot,  in  mistake  for  Peel,  by  cue 
Maonaghteu.  [xvi.  26] 

DBimOND,  GEORGE  (1687-1766).  six  times  lord 
provost  of  Edinburgh ;  said  to  have  calculated  financial 
details  for  the  union,  1706 :  accountant-general  of  excise, 
1707-16  :  raised  a  company  of  volunteers  for  service 
against  the  Earl  of  Mar,  1716:  member  of  council,  Edin- 
burgh, 1716;  lord  provost,  1726,  1746,  1760-1,  1764-6, 
1768-9,  and  1762-3:  established  a  medical  faculty  and 
five  professorships  in  Edinburgh  University:  joined  Sir 
John  Cope  [q.  v.],  1746 ;  orgaui»ed  schemes  for  improve- 
ment of  Edinburgh.  [xvi.  26] 

DBTmOND,  Sir  GORDON  (1772-1864),  general; 
lieutenant,  41st  regiment,  1791  ;  lieutenant-colonel,  8th 
regiment,  1794;  distinguished  himself  at  Kim^uen; 
colonel,  1798  ;  fought  at  the  capture  of  Alexandria  and 
Cairo.  1801 :  major-general,  1806 :  commanded  division  in 
Jamaica,  1806  :  lieutenant-general,  1811 :  defeated  Ameri- 
cans at  Niagara,  1814 :  general,  1825  ;  G.C.B.,  1837. 

[xvi.  27] 


DRUMMOND 


DBUlUXOin) 


FlymptoD  Enrli,  IBIU;  CHrrlel 


~)irUt  ObDTob,  OxTord ;    «S^\ 


L  and  Utalu  Don 


ritori,  IU8 ;  oomrarted  to  Ruhui  gutbo-  , 
vltb  bl«  brother  Juna,  faaitli  Karl  a(^ 
anKaUj  ndad  SooUimd ;   •dracatid  i^« 


O-lxi 


DSOKKOHS,  BKNIIY  <I8 
wtfur:  eauHiHl  at  Bdiunnrgi) 
dlYinlty  M  Nbw  OoUege.  Bdlnl 
«Taiia«ii»]  nmnnKnC  inl-—  ' 
InCSuikcj;  leetoRr 
CUnidi  Collage,  OlMgcra-,  187?:  pu 
In  U»  SpiiitiBl  World,'  ieS3  -,  msdi 

ol  LiilM   SjtM   and  TftiipmyUa   

Lakn  Oorpomtlon,  le8J^.  uid  publlsbBl  'Tropicta 
Afrtofc'lSB*;  proftswrof  tlaDlaCTioNe*Cliiirob,18ei; 
onltiiiwd  In  College  Fiea  Ohureh,  1881  ;  anpporttd 
nlodBnU'  mlMlan  \n  Edinbnigh  uid  Oli^ov.  uul  made 
toiv  of  American  and  Aastrallaii  collegea ;  pnbLUhcd 
'  AkchE  of  Mu,'  1»H.  [Suppl.  U.  ]£7] 

SSTHHOHB,  JAMBS,  nmBAHOiiMlDRRTI  (IMOT- 
lAKB),  '  DomiDmdaUr '  of  iDchaffn J ;  loid  of  the  bed- 
ubambcr  to  Jama  VI.  IDM :  rnnde  depcaltloiu  oimoeni- 
kne  Ibe  w-«ll«d  Oowrtg  plot,  IMO.  [irl.  M] 


lien  wns  !nUnxptqilinLoadaa,ii>eriM>iBti>LiiMl>Xr~~^ 
1  ititenUoD  of  ratorlng  Jhidh  II-  nai-  ■niiMotaJ  ^».^ 
acbery  to  Jacobito  int«naU, 


DBVUfOHS.  JOHN.  1 
;4J).  brothn-  of  JamM,  idil 
uteci  at  Doiuj ;  raised  th 


DSVXXOn),  JAMES,  to 


.iale'ipi^oIglTingupt 

rmlilrB»oieooU«iidioUl«lil»»lriildsL_  . 

ofLuidndale'i  SootUab  privy coaniHI,  lelB ;  labeaiuailly 


extivinlinBry  lord  of  ftaaioii.  IBS? :  1 


d  mt  10  Anaon :  dii^u 
1  ttOKK  at  Fnn  f^. 


fe  of  Lord  F\rniiaf,  IWL 


The  triple  mnidic  hi 


._rBR    ROBERT  (laH-lBTS),  M» 

grapfaer ;  txiokieUeT  at  Dundn ;  farmer,  and  coUeetdrdf 

Botnrea  ud  mtiaTingi :  cbirt  icnrki.  ■  PerUuUn  b 
jgone  Dayi.'  18T>,  aod  ■  The  Ute  of  Botiert  tnoalL  poM' 
(published  ISMX  [itL  U] 


in  StitliDii  OaitJe.  llsS9t  rel« 
th*  kingdom.  1613  ;  <^TrtUa  K.( 
■reated  Doke  of  Pertb  bj  Jan 


I  'll'i 


DOKR  OP  PniT 

ITit :  I 


Impriwoed     OarollDe  remarlwl  b: 
GeirtDBfl  campaijfii,  17' 


itudled  at  Parli 

l^rU.  [<Tl 
[q._  T.] ;  edo'oated  at  Dooaj ;  mjle 


Perth  li 


prlAed  camp  of  Ijinl  Loitlon.aroj'alint  lei«ler.l7 


nw. 


ToUDg  Fretender*!  left  wing  st  Culloden, 


[IV 


i:  biihopofBt.  Aiapta, 
hop  Jobnaan  of  Oloo- 


rfll-76 ;  mvle  addition*  to  tlje  arcM^iioopal  pa]fte& 

SSirMXOXIl,  RAHCEL  (ITU-IBM),  ponnit  ani 
iBiorl4^4l  pnlntfr ;  eibibiled  at  the  Bojml  Academy  afte 
r91 :    A  R.A..  leoa:    oorator   of  tbe   Rojral  Andenf 


XBUKKOin),   THOMAS  ( 


'.  JAMES  (17U?-ISBS).  boUuiii  .      . 

[q.  T.I;  uaociate  of  LIuuean  godety.  IBIO;  made  up  j  ligbt: 
■Ma  of  the  indigenout  vegrtaUon  of  Weetam  Aimtnlli  ^nioi 
foriala;  died  In  Weatem  Aoitratla.  [iri.  93]        KoreU 

DKHnroHS,  JAMES  (laiS-lSj;).  mbjeet  and  hi^  I  P"*}^, 
tor;  painter ;  ncademician,  Itoyai  Hcottlab  Academy,  T'tr 
1S6J:  curator  of  tbc  National  Gallery,  ISall:  polntod  "r^i 
•oma  from  later  ScotCUh  tistorj.  [<¥i.  13]      f  JJJJ™' 


collecUani  of  plante  to  England :  i 

DBUXXOVD.    THOUAS  (17«7.iua).  a 


leU),    boUnksI  oil- 

d{17»i?-lBM)[q,T.l; 
PnnkUn'i  accoad  (ISM) 


I,  JAMES  LAW80N  (ITM-IBSS).   pm-  | 
^[q.™  na^.i*unr»o^l 


botanical  and  an 


n  MediterrMi« 
lr«t  profssor  of  Biiat 
.    Bilfatt,     IS1§-4B: 


.  cDonectlDu  with  th*  great  Reform  Bill ;  ondir- 
it  Dublin  Caitle,  lSSt-40 :  or^aUnd  the  DnbUn 
I  BppointHl  itipendluia  to  control  Uh  lool 


of  Hawtfaonidea  (lUt- 
nyal    (amilj  ctf   BcoUand 

[q.  v.]  ;  M.4,  Bdlnbnrgh, 
.  Bourgea  and  Paiii,  IWI 


jutlciiuy  of  Scotland,  1488: 
the  KMadlBl  Earl  of  Lenno- 
(IBISX  really  foroppo^l 
for  atrikiuK  Lyou  king-at 


JOHN,  Br»l  BiBO-t  DRPMHni 
mmlvaloocd  to  negotiate  a  niarrij 
I  of  Soolhial,  and  Anne  de  U  Pole 

lifs?.    ■• 


....„    i»;  fOTfell 

(IClfl),  whom  he  supportfl' 
qoeeU'dcwageT  Margaret,  ^a 


S;i'JoSS£°'J^ue 

lel!  ;  patented  alitwn  mecliauicai  I 

.  nnut.  tuHulnalij  .  genealogy  of  tbe  Drununood  tandly, 
lied,  bat  (son  re-  j  a  manaaerlpl  tiacUle,  In  which  be 


31e]lklei.-lgiS;  (rlsd 
L  Aleiander  of  Ma  '  ' 
.  Jid  an  acqmlntu 
of  Tioa'  (r^lgicm  ti 


L~l       1- 


DBtyMMOUD 


SM 


BBYAKDER 


fIlfl-lfM3*  (fint  printed  lS6i);  wrote  *  Irene*  In  U» 
iatatst  of  eoooonl  daring  the  Soottiih  political  tnrtnoil 
ol  1638  :  pioterted  aninflt  the  solemn  leagoe  and  cove- 
out  in  'Bemone  tor  the  National  Leagae  between 
Sootiaod  and  England,*  1648 ;  wrote  in  faroor  of  nego- 
tktioa  with  CharUs  1, 1646 ;  hie  death  ascribed  to  grief 
for  Charka  Vs  execution.  The  first  collected  edition  of 
hv  poems  iesoed  in  1666.  As  a  sonnetteer  Drunmiond 
vas  mffirh  ^nfl"*"**^*^  by  GnarinL  He  invented  the  metre 
cmplojed  in  Kilton's  *  Hymn  of  the  Nativity.*  [xvi.  46] 

JUtUMMOn),  WILLIAM,  first  ViscoimT  of  Strath- 
ALLA5  (1617  ?-1688X  royalist  general ;  studied  at  St. 
t^twnmAnAmA  x0yalist  brigade  at  battle  of 
r,  and  wae  taken  prisoner,  1661 ;  escaped  and 
the  Roasian  service,  becoming  lientenant-general 
*ftimDgen*  and  governor  of  Smolensko;  major- 
of  the  farces  in  SooUand,  with  seat  on  the 
1666 ;  popularly  supposed  to  have  hitrodooed  the 
Btew ;  oxged  the  neoeesity  of  a  standing  army 
open  C!hac1es  II,  1667 ;  knighted,  e,  1680 ;  represented 
tatlMliire  in  Scottish  parliament,  1669-74, 1678, 1681-S, 
sad  li8S-6 :  iieatenant-general  of  tlie  foroes  in  Scotland, 
sad  tnasnry  lord,  1686:  created  Yisooont  Stratliallan 
sad  Banm  Dranunond  of  Oromlix,  1686 ;  disapprovotl 
Jsases  ETs  proposal  of  exclusive  toleration  for  Komauists, 
1686.  [xvi.  49] 


of  the 


[On>,  WILLIAM,  fourth  Viscount  of 
SniATBAiXAX  (1690-1746>,  Jacobite;  taken  pris(nier  at 
aMxiSmcdr,  1716 :  released  by  the  act  of  grace,  1717 ; 
killed  while  ootnmanding  under  the  Young  Pretoider  at 
CoDoden,  1746.  [xvi.  60] 

SBmOIOKD,  Sir  WILLIAM  (1770  7-1828X  scholar 
sad  dipkMnatist:  MJ*.,  St.  Mawes,  1796,  Lostwithiel, 
1796  and  1801 :  V.RJ&^  1799 ;  D.O.L.  Oxford,  1810  ;  privy 
conDdllor,  1801 :  minister  plenipoteutLaiy  to  Naples,  1801 
sod  1806;  anbasaedor  to  the  Forte,  1803-6;  his  chief 
works,  •Origines,*  1824-9,  and  ^CEdipus  Jodaicus,*  which 
aqdalDed  ^d  Testament  stories  as  astronomical  alle- 
1811.  [xvi.  61] 


WILLIAM  ABBRNBTHY  (1719?- 
1808X  Uahop  of  Edinburgh  ;  of  the  Abemethy  family  at 
Salton ;  M^. ;  episcopalian  minister  at  Bdinburgh :  as- 
samed  his  father-in-law's  surname  of  Drummond,  1760 ; 
basbop  of  Brechin,  1787 ;  blshi^  of  Edinburgh,  1787-1805 ; 
arged  qiiseopallans  to  submit  to  Hanoverian  dynasty 
sftcr  Pimce  Oharlee  Edward's  death,  1788.        [xvi.  61  ] 

mncnovD,  william  Hamilton  (i778-i865), 

poet  snd  oootrovcniaUst ;  educated  at  the  Belfast  Academy 
sad  Glasgow  College ;  ordahned  by  the  Antrim  presbytery 
to  Second  BeUast,  1800 ;  D.D.  Marischal  College,  Aber- 
ten,  1810;  ooUeagoe  to  James  Armstrong  [q.  v.]  at 
SirsDd  Streieit,  Dublin,  1816 ;  defoided  unitarianism  in  his 
'IXictrine  of  the  Trinity,*  1887,  and  wrote  an  enthusiastic 
life  of  Servetos,  1848;  published  poems  and  (1853) 
*  Aacknt  Irish  Minstrelsy.'  [xvi.  62] 

XXEUMHOVD-HAY,  Sir  JOHN  HAY  (1816-1893), 
diploDatist ;  educated  at  Charterhouse ;  attache  at  Cou- 
Usatanople,  1840 ;  consul-general  at  Morocco,  1846,  charge 
4'sflaizeB,  18«7-60,  minister  resident,  1 860-73,  and  minister 
pleaipotentiary,  1872-86;  K.C.B.,  1863;  O.C.M.G.,  1884; 
privy  councillor,  1886 ;  published  '  Western  Barbary '  and 
otfaff  writinga.  [Suppl.  U.  168] 

SmmOIOSS,  hew  DALRYMPLE,    lord  (1690- 
17»)l   [See  Dalbtmpls,  Hew.] 

DBirXT,  SIR  DRU  or  DRUE  (1681  ?-1617),  courtier :' 
Inotbcrof  Sir  William  Drury  [q.  v.] ;  gentleman-usher  of 
{^  piivy  chamber  to  Elizabeth  and  James  I ;  knighted, 
»79 ;  )oint-ii-ardcr  of  Mary  Queen  of  Scots  at  Fother- 
i>gsy,1686.  [xvi.  64] 

nUXT,  DRU  (1726-1803),  naturalist ;  sUversmithin 
^  Stnuid ;  entomological  collector ;  F.L JS. :  correspon- 
wt  of  Linnsraa,  Kirby,  and  Fabricius ;  wrote  on  natural 
Urtocy  and  entomology  and  published  *  Thoughts  on  the 
htckn  Metals,*  180L  [xvi.  64] 

fitirXT,  HENRY  0812-1868),  archdeacon  of  Wilts : 
iioeited  at  Harrow  and  Oaius  CoUege,  Cambridge : 
^nmat  medaUist,  1883  and  1836 :  M.A.,  1840 ;  classical 
laetow  at  Caius,  1838-9  :  prehendar}*  of  Salisbury,  1865  : 
^i^iiB  to  the  House  of  ODmmons,  1867  ;  archdeacon  of 
"in,  1862-3 ;  protected  and  published  *  Arundines  Garni,' 
^l  [xvi.  66] 


mtVET,  HENRY  JOSEPH  THOMAS  (1778-1841). 
scholar ;  son  of  Joeeph  Dmry  [q.  v.] ;  educated  at  Eton 
and  King*s  CoUege,  Cambridge ;  feUow  of  King's ;  M.A^ 
1804 :  master  of  Harrow  lower  school ;  edited  for  Harrow 
selections  from  the  classics.  [xvi  66] 

DRTTRY,  JOSEPH  (1760-1834),  head-master  of  Har- 
row ;  scholar  of  Westminster,  1766 ;  elected  to  Trinity 
College,  Cambridge,  1768;  assistant-master  at  Hamm*, 
1769;  bead-master,  1786-1805;  D.D.,  1789;  help«l  to 
establish  Edmund  Kean,  at  Drurj'  Lane  Theatre:  pre- 
bendary of  Wells,  1813 ;  repeatedly  mentioned  as  a  great 
schoolmaster  by  his  pupil  Byron.  [xvL  66] 

DRUBY,  Sm  ROBERT  ((2. 1686),  speaker  of  the  House 
of  Commons:  educated  at  Cambridge;  barrister-at-law 
of  Lincoln's  Inn ;  governor,  1488-9,  1492-3,  and  1497 ; 
knight  of  the  shire  for  Suffolk ;  speaker,  1496 ;  took  part 
in  attempts  to  conciliate  the  Scottish  borderers,  1610-13  ; 
knight  for  the  body,  1516 ;  commissioner  for  collection  of 
loan  for  French  war,  1624 ;  member  of  legal  committee 
of  privy  counciL  [xvL  67] 

DRUBY,  ROBERT  (1667-1607),  Roman  catholic 
divine ;  educated  at  Dooay ;  ordaineil  priest  at  Philip  II's 
College,  Talladolid;  missicnier  in  London,  1693:  sub- 
scribed protestation  of  allegiance,  1603 ;  executed  for 
remainizig  in  England  contrary  to  27  EUs.        [xvi.  68] 

DRUBY,  ROBERT  (1687-1633),  Jesuit;  son  of 
William  Drury  (d.  1689)  [q.  v.] ;  studied  in  London,  and 
at  Douay,  St.  Omer,  and  Posna  ;  rector  of  the  college  at  St. 
Omer,  1620  ;  missioner  in  England ;  Jesuit  professed  of  the 
four  vows,  1622 ;  lost  his  life  at  the  '  Fatal  Vespers,'  when 
the  floor  of  a  room  in  the  French  ambassador's  residence 
at  Blackfriars  coUapsed,  1628.  [xvi.  68] 

DBUBY,  ROBERT  (yr.l729),  traveUer;  fbroedtoland 
in  Androy,  Madagascar,  on  his  return  from  Bengal,  the 
ship  being  disabled ;  escaped  from  the  massacre  of  his 
comrades,  and  subsequently  from  slavery ;  captured  by  the 
Sakalavas;  ransomed  by  bis  father;  made  a  subsequent 
voyage  to  Madagascar  as  a  slave  trader;  published  a 
narrative  of  his  travels,  1729.  [xvL  69] 

DBUBY,  Sir  WILLIAM  (1627-1579),  marshal  of  Ber- 
wick, and  lord- justice  to  the  council  in  Ireland ;  educated 
at  Gonville  Hall,  Cambridge;  took  part  in  sieges  of 
Boulogne  and  Montreuil,  1644 ;  assisted  in  suppressing 
Devonshire  rising,  1649 ;  declared  for  Queen  Mary,  1663, 
but,  being  a  protestaut,  retired  into  private  life ;  marshal 
and  deputy-governor  of  Berwick,  1664-76  ;  with  Earl  of 
Sussex  raided  Scotland,  1670 ;  knighted,  1670 ;  commis- 
sioned to  negotiate  a  pence  in  the  interest  of  James  Yl's 
party  in  Scotland,  1671  and  1672  ;  narrowly  escaped 
assassination  on  several  occai^ious;  reduced  Bdinburgh 
Castle,  1673  ;  president  of  >Inn^<ter,  1676-8 ;  suppressel  the 
practice  of  coyue  antl  livery  ;  lord-justice,  1678.  Lxvi.  uu] 

DBUBY,  WILLIAM  (</.  1589),  civilian;  LUli. 
Trinity  Hall,  Cambridge,  1553 ;  regiiis  professor  of  civil 
law,  1559  ;  LL.D.,  156U  ;  advocate  at  Doctors*  Commons, 
1561 ;  consnltcd  by  Elizabeth  on  points  of  international 
Uw  raised  by  the  intrigues  of  the  Bishop  of  Ross  on  laehalf 
'  of  Mary  Stuart,  1571 ;  master  of  the  prerogative  court  of 
Canterbury,  1677  ;  master  in  chancery,  1586.     [xvL  62] 

DBUBY,  WILLIAM  (tt.  1641),  Latin  dramatist ;  im- 
prisoned as  a  Roman  catholic,  but  released  through  in- 
tercession of  the  Spanish  ambassador,  c.  1616;  taught 
poetry  and  rhetoric  at  the  Knglish  CoUege.  Dooay,  1618  : 
author  of  two  Latin  tragi-comedies  and  *  Mors.'  a  Latin 
farce.  [xvi.  63] 

DBY,  Sir  RICHARD  (1816-1869),  Tasnmnian  states- 
man ;  bom  at  Elphin,  Tasmania  ;  nominated  to  the  old 
council  (1844)  by  Licuteuuut-Governor  Sir  John  Eardlcy 
Wilmot ;  opponent  of  Wilmot's  financial  schemes,  and  one 
of  the  *  patriotic  six ' :  member  for  Launoeston  in  new 
legislative  council,  1851 ;  speaker  of  new  legislative 
council,  1861-5;  procured  abolition  of  transportation, 
1863 ;  knighted,  1868 ;  colonial  secretary  and  premier, 
1866-9.  [xvi.  63] 

DBYANDEB,  JONAS  (1748-1810),  botanist;  native 
of  Sweden,  and  graduate  of  Lund;  origuml  fellow  and 
librarian  of  the  Royal  Society:  vice-president  of  the 
Linnean  Society ;  compiled  a  valuable  *  Catalogue  Biblio- 
thocs  Historico-Naturalis  Josephi  Banks,  Baronetti,' 
1796-1800.  [xvi.  64] 


DBYDBN 


wOw 


DUOAREIi 


DBTDEir^  CHARLES  (16«6-1704),  chamberlain  to 
Fope  Innocent  XII ;  eldest  son  of  John  Dryden  (1631- 
1700)  [q.  ▼.]  ;  educated  at  Westminster  and  Trinity  Col- 
lege, Oxford :  translated  Jorenal's  seventh  satire  for  his 
father's  version,  169S:  his  horoscope  calculated  by  his 
father ;  drowned  in  the  Thames.  [xvt  73] 

DBTDEK,  Sir  ERASMUS  HBNRT  (1669-1710),  third 
son  of  John  Dryden  (1631-1700)  [q.  v.] ;  scholar  at  the 
(Tharterhouse ;  studied  at  Donay ;  sub-prior  of  the  con- 
vent of  Holy  Cross,  Bomheim,  1697-1700 ;  missloner  in 
Northamptonshire ;  baronet  by  succession,  1710. 

CxvL  73] 

DBTDEK,  JOHN  (1631-1700},  poet ;  scholar  of  West- 
mbister  and  Trinity  College,  (jambridge;  B.A.,  1654; 
clerk  to  his  cousin.  Sir Oilbert  Pickering  [q.  v.],  Cromwell's 
chamberlain:  bewailed  Cromwell's  death  in  *  Heroic 
Stanzas,*  1668:   published  'Astnea  Redux,'  1660,  and  a 

*  Panegyric*  in  honour  of  the  Restoration,  1661 :  M.R.S., 
1662;  failed  in  his  first  play,  *The  Wild  Gallant,*  1663; 
brought  out  the  '  Rival  Ladies,*  1663,  and  the  *  Indian 
Emperor,*  1665  ;  wrote  *  Annus  Mirabllis '  in  1666  or  1667, 
and  published  an  *  Essay  on  Dramatic  Poesy,'  defending 
the  use  of  rhyme  in  tragedy,  1668 ;  KJL  Lambeth,  1668 : 
poet  laureate  and  historiographer,  1670;  wrote  about 
fourteen    plays   between     1668    and    1681  ;    produced 

*  Amboyna,*  a  tragedy  designed  to  exasperate  England 
against  the  Dutch,  1673,  and  *The  Spanish  Friar,'  an 
attack  on  the  papists,  1681 ;  wrote  '  Tyrannic  Love*  and 
'Almanzor  and  Almahide,'  1669  and   1670;    produced 

*  Aurengzebe,'  his  last  rhymed  tragedy,  1675  ;  planned  an 
epic  poem;  produced  'All  for  Love,*  his  fluent  pUiy, 
1678:  adapted  Shakespeare's  'Tempest,*  and  (1679) 
'TroilusandCressida*;  his  rhyming  tragedies  ridiculed 
in  the  *  Rehearsal,*  1671 ;  involved  in  a  literary  contro- 
versy with  Elkanah  Settle  [q.  v.],  1673:  assaulted,  pro- 
bably at  the  instigation  of  John  Wilmot,  second  earl  of 
Rochester,  1679 ;  satirised  Shaftesbury  in  *  Absalom  and 
AchitopheU'  1681 :  published  *  The  Medal,*  a  satire  on  the 
ignoramus  of  the  grand  jury  at  Shaftesbury's  trial,  1682 ; 
lampooned  his  detractor,  Shadwell,  in  *  Mao  Flecknoe,' 
1682 :  revised  the  whole  of  the  second  part  of  *  Absalom 
and  Achitophel,*  1682 :  defended  Anglicanism  in  his  poem 

*  Religio  Laici,'  1682 ;  collector  of  cuitoms  in  the  port  of 
London,  1683;  panegyrised  Charles  II  in  'Albion  and 
Albanins  *  and '  King  Arthur,'  two  operas,  1685 :  converted 
to  Roman  Catholicism,  1686 :  employed  by  James  II  to 
answer  Stillingfleet  ;  published  '  The  Hind  and  the 
Panther,'  1687;  deprived  of  the  lanreateship,  1689; 
finished  his  career  as  a  playwright  with  'Love  Trium- 
phant,' a  tragi-oomedy,  1694;  translated  Juvenal  and 
Persius,  1698 ;  published  a  transUtion  of  Virgil  which 
pleased  thepublu$,but  was  sharply  criticised  by  Swift  and 
Bentley,  1697:  wrote  'Alexander's  Feast'  for  a  London 
musical  society,  1697;  published  'Fables,  Ancient  and 
Modem,'  1700.  [xvi.  64] 

DBTDEK,  JOHN  (1668-1701),  writer:  second  son  of 
John  Dryden  (1631-1700)  [q.  v.]  ;  educated  at  Westmin- 
ster and  University  College,  Oxford:  died  at  Rome; 
translated  Juvenal's  fourteenth  satire  for  his  fatlier's 
version,  and  wrote  one  mediocre  comedy.  [xvi.  73] 

DBY8DALE,  JOHN  (1718-1788),  Scottish  divine; 
entered  Edinburgh  University,  1782;  presented  to  Lady 
Tester's  Church,  Edinburgh,  1762 ;  D.D.  Marischal  Col- 
lege, Aberdeen,  1765  ;  minister  of  the  Tron  Church,  Edin- 
burgh, 1767 ;  royal  chaplain ;  principal  derk  of  the 
general  assembly,  1785 ;  friend  of  Adam  Smith  [q.  v.] 

[xvi.  75] 

DTTAKE,  MATTHEW  (1707-1785),  coin  collector, 
antiquary,  and  conveyancer:  F.RS.  and  F.S.A.:  pub- 
lished '  Explication  de  quelques  Medailles  Pheuiciennes  du 
Cabinet  de  M.  Duane,'  1774.  [xvi.  76] 

DUBEDALETHE  (</.  1064X  primate  (eomharb)  of 
Armagh,  1049 ;  made  war  on  the  abbot  of  Clonard,  1055  : 
wrote  *  Annals  of  Ireland,*  adopting  chronology  of  the 
Christian  era.  [xvi.  76] 

DUBOIS,  CHARLES  (d.  1740),  treasurer  to  the  East 
India  Company ;  cultivated  exotics  at  Mitoham,  Surrey ; 
contributol  observations  to  the  third  edition  of  Ray's 
'Synopsis.' 1724.  [xvi.  77] 

DU  B0I8,  Lapt  DOROTHEA  (1728-1774),  authoress  : 
daughter  of  Richard  Annesley,  sixth  earl  of  Anglesey 
[q.  v.],  who  repudiated  his  marriage  and  disinherited  his 
children,  1740;  married  Da  Bois,  a  French  masidan. 


1752 ;  exposed  her  father's  heartlefltnets  in  *  Poems  by  a 
Lady  of  Quality,'  1764;  published  *  Theodora*  (novelX 
1770,  and  '  The  Lady's  FoUte  Secretary,'  177S.  [xtL  77] 

DU  BOIS,  EDWARD  (1622-1699  ?X  painter ;  brother 
of  Simon  Du  Bois  [q.  v.] ;  studied  antiques  in  Italy,  and 
executed  some  works  for  Charles  Emmanoel.  duke  of 
Savoy  ;  painted  landscapes  and  historical  Bat>jeeta. 

[XTL80] 

DU  B0Z8,  EDWARD  (1774-1850X  wit  and  man  of 
letters;  barrister.  Inner  Temple,  1809;  oonducted  the 
*  European  Magasine,'  and  edited  the  '  Lady's  MagaiJnf' 
and  the  '  Monthly  Mbror  * ;  friend  of  Sir  Philip  Francb 
[q.  v.]  ;  assistant  judge  in  the  court  of  requests  ;  treasurer 
and  secretary  of  the  Metropolitan  Lunacy  Commission, 
1838-46.  His  works  include  tales,  verses,  and  a  satire  oo 
Sir  John  Can's  travels,  entitled  '  My  Pocket-book,*  1W7. 
which  ied  Carr  to  bring  against  him  a  lawsoit  wbi^ 
faUed,  1808.  [xtL  78] 

DU  B0Z8,  SIMON  (d.  1708),  painter :  of  Batch  or 
Flemish  origin  ;  took  to  painttng  cattle  picturcfl  after  s 
course  of  instruction  from  Wouvermans ;  sold  many  of 
his  pictures  as  the  works  of  the  great  mastexe ;  came  to 
EngUnd  as  a  portrait-painter,  1685  ;  befriended  by  Lord- 
chancellor  Somera.  Among  his  sitters  were  Archbishop 
TenU>on  and  William  Bentinck,  first  earl  of*  PorUaod. 

[XVL79] 

DU  B080,  CLAUDE  (1682-1745  ?).  engraver ;  bom  ia 
France  ;  temporarily  assisted  (Sir)  Nicholas  Dorigny  [q.  v.] 
in  engraving  the  cartoons  of  Raphael  at  Hampton  Court, 
1712:  engraved  plates  illustrative  of  the  battles  of- 
Marlborough  and  Prince  Eugene,  1714-17.         [xvi.  80] 

DXTBOUBDIEU,  ISAAC  (1597  ?-l692  ?),  French  pro- 
testant  minister  at  Montpellier;  minister  of  the  Savoy 
ChapeU  London;  published  *A  Discoorae  of  Obedience 
unto  Kings  and  Magistrates,*  1684.  [xvL  80] 

DUBOUBDIEU,  JEAN  (1642  7-1720),  French  pro- 
testant  minister ;  son  of  Isaac  Dubourdien  [q.  v.] :  pastor 
at  Montpellier ;  argued  with  Bossuet  on  marioUtiy,  1683 : 
Duke  of  Schomberg's  chaplain  at  the  battle  of  the  Boyne, 
1690;  chaplain  to  his  son,  Duke  Charles,  at  Mar^lia. 
1698 :  pastor  of  the  French  church  in  the  Savoy:  pub- 
lished '  An  Historical  Dissertation  upon  the  Thebean 
Legion,'  1696.  [xvL  81] 

DXTBOUBDIEU,  JEAN  ARMAND  (<f.  1726X  contro- 
versialist; son  or  nephew  of  Jean  Dnboordiea  [q.  v.]; 
SiStor  of  the  Savoy  French  church ;  rector  of  Sawtrer- 
oynes,  1701 ;  dtcd  before  the  bishop  of  London  for 
lampooning  Louis  XIY,  1713 ;  published  pamphlets  sad 
sermons.  [xvi.  81] 

DUBOUBO,  GEORGE  (1799-1882),  author  of  'The 
Violin,  being  an  account  of  that  leading  Instmment  and 
it!(  most  eminent  Profc^ntont,'  1836 :  grandson  of  Matthew 
Dubourg  [q.  v.]  [xvi  81] 

DXTBOUBO,  MATTHEW  (1708-1767X  violtoist; 
played  a  solo  at  the  Lincoln's  Iim  Fields  Theatre,  1715 : 
master  of  the  viceroy  of  Ireland's  band,  1728-67 :  played 
at  Handd's  Oratorio  concerts  at  Covent  Garden,  1741  and 
1742;  on  one  occasion  loudly  applauded  by  Handd; 
master  of  George  irs  band,  1752.  [xvL  81] 

DXrBBIOIUB  (in  Welsh  DYFRIOX  RAfifT  (d.  6I2X 
reputed  founder  of  the  bii<liopric  of  Lbuidaff.  The 
twelfth  century  *  Lectlones  de  vita  Sancti  Dubrldi '  de- 
scribe him  as  founder  of  a  university  at  Henllan  on  the 
Wye,  and  grandson  of  Pebiau,  a  British  king.  (}eoffrey 
of  Monmouth  fabulously  states  that  he  crowned  Arthur 
king  of  Britain  and  was  archbishop  of  CJaerieon. 

[xvi.  W] 

DUBTHAOH  MAOCU  LUOIB  (5th  cent),  chief  poet 
and  brehon  of  Laogalre.  king  of  Irdand  :  baptisctl  by  ^ 
Patrick ;  author  of  three  poems  on  Ldnster  history  pre- 
served in  the  'Book  of  Ldnster'  and  a  poem  in  the '  Book 
of  Rights' ;  one  of  the  nine  who  drew  up  the  *Senchns 
Mor '  code  (completed  a.i>.  441 ).  [xvL  83] 

DUCABEL,  ANDREW  COLTEE  (1713-1785),  dvUian 
and  antiquary  :  bom  in  Normandy  ;  schoUr  at  Eton  and 
gentleman  commoner,  St.  John's  College,  Oxford :  D.C.L., 
1742 ;  member  of  the  Collofire  of  Advocates,  1743 :  com- 
missary and  official  of  the  city  and  diocese  of  (Canterbury. 
1758;  F.S.A.,  1737;  F.R.S.,  1762:  keeper  of  the  Lambeth 
library  from  1757  until  his  death :  arranged  the  archives 
of  the  state  paper  office  (1768)  and  angmentatioQ  ofBoe ; 


EmT  Jons  Bct^oum-.] 
ICE.  Sib    ARTRUB  { 
I  CUkn.  O  -    -    --- 


.n  tarn.    Amonit  hif  jirlnud 

juiarisia-lBse),-     [itlm] 

AntrlDi.  II»):  D.a  li\u^, 
idBAiii.r)r(l§a)-IBU).    [Sn  Uukktu:!. 


-'_  MIdpIk™!,  H 

c  dloccK  of  Un'loii,  r.  IC 
•tf  Veil*.  lUi:  plMlBl  an  «x 
f  i<   L«d.  ItH:   muUr  In  cl 
I  ■  lAtiD  ■  Uh  at  Chb^hM)-;  1017. 
■  dvll  Uw  bpi««ral  tttM. 
L  ttm  JOtry.  Bnt  taroiHC  |>f.  I 


a-.;s, 


t.yl.    M) 
snoXOW.   AXDREH'  (J7III-IIM3).  eqnntriui    pa- 

rvnnfc>  Pteldn,  isin;  Cnwilvl  profemlonidtj  tbronirh 
■niiioc  ■»!  FiRraleri ;  pnnluml  rpectKln  at  Dniij 
AH,  IKl) :  pitnmlfnl  bjr  U'lUtam  IV.  [nil.  M] 

■,    WILLIAM     (X.     IIU),    pLilonphlol 
[xvi.  »n 

WILLIAM     (1753?-tR13l,     poM     ■nd 
[tnncr ;  uiUiot  of  ■  Tlw  Mail  that  lenda  tiK  G«U '  ukl 

nUSaoFX,  Tucu1;!ll^'.    [See  BcnTXcKriun,  Joiix, 

SCHTHOJCOOB.jAHK.thlTdTw'Ol.'NT.'f,  [MS.] 

SmiLSY,  llm  »BL  OP  (17n-18M).      [B«  Wmn, 

DIFSLXZ,  ALICE.  Dniih?"  Ditlkv  (d.  Ut*),  wife 
of  Sir  KodeRIhiiUty  (l(73-lM9)[q,  t.1:  d<Kn*lb7tier 
hntbaml.  1«0«  1   ciwttd  Diichtn  Dudlrj   In    ber  own 


DUCK,    NICHOLAS   ils;ii-16ISi,    LanTcr:    anuwl  mratBT, 

IMfT  Cotksc.  OifoBt    1»M:    ttrrlstw  of   LlnwUn'i  l«WX  Ihlrrt  son  ot  John  Huaitir-diilw  o(  Northomlierlanrl 

Ib:  rwm—  of  the  Inu.  l«ll-J8;  nconler  of  Bi««r,  ll-  '1:  li"l|th'«l.  1M»:  tmmclal  o(  Irtuu  (or  >np- 

4iml^ndrbi>flt<>(dejKtiaD.  [ivi.  Wi]  i,gj.  ji.A-Ci-nibridKr.  156. :  D.C.L.  (Utord.  l»M  ;  privj 

HapHfamatKluviny;  dchatnlU  Stockport  bridge.  ISTS:  took  nan  [n  the  trial  of  Marr  gunn  of  »«(«.  who 

UM:  loremer  o>  Ct«<CT.  1«W:   ralDced  the  lak  of  »pp™liillolil.  ™«ot  jiirtiw.  Isw.  t>vi.  IJ] 

l«-'^.E"T'il^^1i,»'*L'J    J?;^"!;;^  DintlET.  LiMAMTE.  <lll3Sy-ls«)).»'eIU*ttrt; 

mnHETT,  OEORRBIrf.  IfM),  aotbor;  M.P,Calnf,  Leiwrtet'i  cluirge.  [iTi,  IW] 

IW».^iro«._«iiJ  ^ITW;  ^mmndwlong  ol  eida^  17M-M;  D1n>LZT,  Sm  ANDREW  (J,  IJMXarihmntirf  IjuIt 


ipportlnfr  Ijvlj  Jmne  Qtty,  bat  teb 


In  Englanl  ind  Walei '  (aoonr' 

[■".BOJ  ,1  liberty.  UBl. 

:.  JAMES  (rf.  ISOI).  bonkwDer :  hanged  (or  BVDLEY.  HUD  (1BM-1*W),  lmnm> 

«  catboUc  b«Ai  Is  bl>  poaHirion.  jf^  ^^g,  CoII«g,  Oiforf,  to  niipmni 

"      ,1  'h  1™>«w1w  Bt  l-en^net,  Woro«t*r»btw.  I 

ilf  P"-"*^  uncoBwfallj  In  nmfltlne  iron  or 

nT^  nanr*  loPiince  Mjiiirioe:  conileiniKd,  h 

l™h.  '***'  P»'^'>I'"''M'*»1I'«"*'"*'^''*" 

itar':  STFDLZT,    EDMUND  114697-15101 

mlh-TdbjUjf  Irinh  narHiment:  ««tlsi  In  r>rl«(U96).  lawjer;  Btndent  at  Oilonl,  U7S  ;  aUidl 

rtnt  br   aaa    rtglntud    «ith   Dntauivlid    an.^olQn    hy  I  Inn  ;  priry  councillor,   UtS  ?  ;   nndir-.l 

Ti*  Tone :  ptvIWar  at  the  re>UMlt«teil  coUeoc  (taint*-  '  H97  :  ■Hoclatfll  Sir  lUf  hani  Knip*on  [i 

hrte. Pari.,  t  IBM ;  Imaeda-NouTtlkaiMmnalre  Ang-  ,  1°   wor^  of  rmrranglnit  u,\er  luid  te 

moXWOBTH,  Sir  JOHN  THOUAS. 
(lf«-IHT),*f    ■    -     ■  ■    - 

Anter  In  JslIl>tcl^  1 7B0 :  offlcUlly  id 


in-diM    at    S'ortaosUuid,    ISIO-U;    admlra: 

DVCKWOKTH.  RICHA11D(  f.  1699), author 
tantaiiHoiQi:  11.A.  K(wlmitlall,Oilonl.ig 


In  tla  event  of  Henrj-  Vir.  decth.                   [ivi.  109) 

SITDLKT.   KDWAKD,  fourlb    Biron    Dutilkt  (J. 

15M):    amed  In   Ireland   (ItSG)   and    iVntland   (1M6): 

ndlw, 

knighted.  IdSJ  ;  llwit»Dant  ot  H«mpn».  IVartj.  lMe-» ; 

.id.  108] 

DIIDLIY,  L<mi>  GUILDFORD  (d.  1611).  hu.h.nd  of 

I*dy  Jaw.  Om  :  lourlh  aon  o(  Jnhn  Do.lley.  duke  ot 

■Itliin 

SUSLXT,  1/mr  HESnY  (IHl  f-IM7),  tonrth  nn  ot 

M] 

irorki 

BtlDLKT,  Si 


_.  Duillej-,  ilith  bipon  DujTey;  cap! 

riunlaKt  Boulogne.  1H7:  capUIn  of  tlwKiiuil.  11 
UiLii  of  QuUuH,  ItDl :  kulgbtel,  lUl ;  Tln-iuliti 
.Ikr  ^'a^^o^- Sou,  l&fil;  dcTUed  plot  Tii  rob  «xobeqi 
ElixHbetb  u>  CiNirtenny,  uul  depoH  Pli 
;  prooLiiuwd  traitor  Id  EnKlasd.  but 


s,"i,;s; 


Kod  dlnl  t  IMS.  [SuppL  U.  iml 

DUDLEY.  Sin  HENItY  BATE.  Ont  buvnet  (i;<(- 
IB34).foiiituU<t:  cunleof  Hiudni,  £.1779:  alitor  of  tlH 
■" — 'ng  Poif :  >t«rt*i  Iba  ■Mpmlag   Herald,'    ITBO- 
d  the'yiglitlngPi '■' ' '    '™'  '- 


t  the  Ynrlrt 


[ivl.  lUI] 
OUSLXTi    JOBK.    DuKK     of     NoHTnnHiiKiii.A.-'n 
0(Dt?-ls>a),  urn  ot  Kdmuiul  Duelled  [[|.  t.]:  tnlghtod 
v_.i,.  n.,i...(  o.,n.iti-  D ii«,  iiepntj-pn 


ih/  :  d«fe>tcd  ttw  B<»ii!  at  FInkle,  mi.  anil  Kct'i  rnl- 
loven  It  DDftindkle,  LMB :  cruteil  earl  mimhaL  nn<] 
Duteot  SartliurnberliHia,ls(l;  pmmroi 
at  Botcxnct,  Utl:  chuinllor  or  Os>Dt>rli: 

I4M ;  obttlanl  (rom  EdwmJ  VI  toltsn  i ._. 

llmltatlim  Df  tliF  crawii,'  and,  iriOt  tjie  urns  obieot  of 
Kibiriug  lilt  eucwelnn.  murrio]  lili  iton,  Lord  OulMfoid 
Dudlry  [q.  r.].  to  L.ily  Juic  atry,  1W3:  «t«nled  for 
milting  BCUvdy  the  luoootsoa  of  U»rjr  to  thn  IliMue. 
IBH;iivoi™ihlrBwl(iiP ■--" ■■-       -  ■■ 


iinl>rldgB  Ui^Tcrally, 


a  [q.v 


[.tL  109] 


iut«  of  the  hoiH  lo  Edwnrd  VI,  ISM; 


(upporter  of  L«dj  Jmnc  Hrfi, 
but  parionsd.  1S61.  [iTl.  Ill] 

DUDLET,  JOHN  tneS-iUSi.  mlvelluieiiiu  vrll«" 
•Mond  wmoglfr.  0I««  Oollagt  C^mbridgt.  USS :  fellow, 
1797  ;  tutor  »nd  M.A..  iras ;  vlau-  ot  ailebj,  |;06-1MS ; 
cblel  worka,  ■  Naalogy,'  IMS,  >uid  '  Tbc  &ncl-.Vsterli(llnt.' 
1S18.  [XTl.  Ill] 


fcoundllor.  11 


supporting  tdilj'  JoTK.  1U4: 


nurder  ol  tail  wile  A 


ol  AckLiowled^Ing  tbfl  pupnl  aapnoiacf.  IML ;  JiiyWi»< 
Eliubeth  by  bit  pmumptawu  bcl»ii«u.  IMIi  Ugb 
•temkrd  ot  Oimb^ga  UDtTsnltT,  ItSt;  create  bni 
DeublgbHivl  EulorLdCMtcr,  1K4;  Ui  tfMt*  for  Ik 
taind  Dt  BIlulMtb  oppwd  bT  Dean  and  ttaa  mUIh^ 
ohuoellor  of  Oxford  llnlTBiJw,  IIM:  hdaiad  by  & 
dlillkc  Dl  vmi  ^a  abet  Uw  rcbcuEoB  of  tba  Borlten  «iK 
tHV:  Kcretly  turrtal  Ididr  fibcffldd,  1*T1,  irlioti  bo- 
buu)  he  wu  uld  Co  b*n  pcdaouad ;  eatertkluB]  tbi  qns 
wlui  tnuqim  M  Kmllwortta.  Itl* ;  totk  nut  In  DnVi 
eipoHUDD,  1177;   ouirriBl  LeCtlm  Enoliyii,  ooubeh  ri 


Dqdlc7,  a 

SItDLET,    ROllEBT.   E 


.KICESTEB  (IWf-  I 

*.]:  knigliled  bi  I 


rspudlmttd  bli  uurriagB  wiib  Uiet  Ldgh,  IMi,  mi 
BBttled  St  FlmeaDe  wjtb  one  XUntadta  BooUiwtll ;  nitail 

to  return  and  imgwer  ■  cSitrgt  of  bkiliw  ■■ il  flt 

UUs  of  Earl  at  Warwick,  lU7i  uineild  tbe  baUAl 
of  s  DcwcU*  ol  wanhlpi,  onUedOalUBtam,  lor  Uh  Bw- 
lish  nary.  lail:  cnsted  Earl  of  Warwick, and  DiAitf 
KortliiiDiberlaDd  In  Uk  HoIt  Homan  Bngln^  US; 
ilmtaied  tbe  noraM  bstwoa  Fin  and  Uh  ih:  dMi> 
VUIa  OuleUo,  Um  gilt  ol  Oouno  n,  duk*  of  Tbii«. 
Oblsl  work,  'Ddl'  Aramo  dd  Uair,'  dsiIlDE  with  and 
iircblI«ot,are,  navigation,  and  kindred  sublect*,  poblrM 


portralu  tif  jDlm  IT  and  Peter  II  of  I'onngal. 

OUDLET,  WILLIAH  (d.  1<M\  biBbop  of  D^butl 
eoDOf  Jobn(Bultoo)daDiidlBj.jlitb  baton  [q.r.];  M.l. 
UnlverBllj  College, Oifoid.lO?  ;  prfbenrtary  nf  StPimfll, 
l«S-7a ;  dLiia  of  Wlndwr,  1173 :  piTbeod«rj  o(  W<fii, 
1470:  bLihop  of  I>arbam,  147C:  clune^lor  ot  OThnd 
nnivcniliy,  Ufa.  [.,ri.  lit] 

OUSSBUBT,  WILLIAM  (1731-17M),  cliiiu  ouoa- 
tactUTTT:  learnt  tbc  art  of  nutklng  chbia  Hgare  tnm 
Audreir  Planchi>,  i  Prencb  refugw ;  iDunded  the  DerbJ 
ceramic  laluiiry.  [,tL  m] 

WILLIA)!  (l7ei.l7M),  cbini  IDMiu- 
William  Diie!ibniT(17»-J7«)  [q.  t.]; 
Sanbury  China  Worka.  Derby. 

[iTt  1»] 
,  tlip  Black)  (rf.  MT).  king  of  OdtK 
:  itltlvd  at  Form,  flgliting  ag^iM  tbe 
licic  li  a  legend  that  tbe  eun  did  net 

nan  found  and  burled.         (iil.  11;] 


iblr  ol  I 

:  i.^.u.  We»  Tori . 

Tbe  Indian  Untlnj' :  Iti  OaiuB  and  BobUi.' 
Mel  In  fniniiiic  Hip  ooniHtuBtm     "  ~ 
I  oiUklonuy  ebaii  iu  K 


DUFF 


869 


DUKE 


UintMirgh;  flztt  wSmUxuaj  professor:  publistaied  pam- 
phkte  oo  the  drarcti  of  Scotiand  and  higher  edacatiom  in 

India.  [xvi.  1S6] 

VUTF,  AKDBBW  HALLIDAY  (1830-1877).  [See 
Saludat.] 

DVIV,  JAMEB,  Kcood  Earl  of  Vivk  (17S9-18U0) : 
SLP.  ftir  Banff,  17M,  1761, 17ea.  1774,  and  1780,  for  Elgin 
aooalj;  17M;  created  Baron  Fife,  1790;  lord-lieatenant 
](  ooonty  Banff ;  did  mach  for  the  improyement  of  agri- 
cottore  and  oattto-breeding.  [rvi.  198] 


r.  Sot  JAMES  (176S-1889),  general :  lieatenant 
grenadier  guards,  1775;  knighted,  1779; 
1794 ;  reoaTed  ocwunand  of  Limericlc  dia- 
tifei,  1797;  kept  limerick  qoiet  daring  inaorreotion  of 
1799:  aiBMil,  1809.  [xtL  1S93 


9V1IF,  JAMBS,  fomtb  Barl  of  Fifb  (1776-1867X 
Spmhh  fapal ;  Toinnteered  to  help  the  Spaniards  against 
KijiDienB;  isaght  at  Talavera  as  major-general  in  tlie 
1809 ;  fourth  Barl  of  Fife  in  Scottish 
.1811 ;  ILPm  Banffshire,  1818 :  created  Baron  Fife 
and  K.T.,  1827.  [xvL  129] 


r,  JAMBS  QRAMT  (1789-1868X  historian^  edu- 
at  iy*HiM^^*i  OoUege,  Aberdeen ;  Bast  India  cadet, 
UH ;  adjntaat  and  Persian  interpreter,  Bombay  grena- 
to ;  aasMant  to  Moantstoart  Elphinstone  [q.  t.],  resi- 
tefe  of  PDona ;  serred  against  the  Peishwa  Ba  jee  Rao ; 
aMBt  of  Sattara,  1818-S3:  pabUshed  in  Scothuid  a 
'Brton'  of  ttw  Mahrattas,*  19n,  [xri.  130] 

mWWf  BOBBBT  id.  1787),  vice-admiral ;  when  senior 
«8av  of  a  aqnaidron  on  the  sooth  coastof  Bretagne,  drew 
tkiFRneb  Into  the  main  body  of  the  BngUsh  fleet,  the 
Mtte  of  Qniberon  Bay  eosaing,1769 ;  commander-in-chief 
ttSewfoaJBdland,  1779-7 ;  Tice-admiral,  1778 ;  co-operated 
A^wt  of  Gitealtar,  1779.  [xri.  181] 

9VfF,  Sib  BOBBBT  WDLLIAM,  for  some  time  styled 
WiiiUAM  Duff  Abkbcroicbt  (18S9-1896),  go- 
of New  Sooth  Wales ;  entered  navy,  1848,  and  was 
r,  1869 :  liberal  M.P.  for  Banffshire,  1861-98 ; 
j«ior  lotd  of  tnasory  and  liberal  whip,  188S-6 :  junior 
M  of  ^miralty,  1886 :  priyy  cocmdllor,  1892 ;  a.O.M.G. 
Hd  fsmBor  of  Kew  Sooth  Wales,  1893-9. 

[SoppL  iL  160] 

BVIV,  WILLIAM  (173S-1816X  miscellaneous  writer ; 
XA.;  appototed  to  the  ministoy  of  varioas  parishes  by 
teSeotodipnabyteiy:  father  of  the  synod;  published 
'ia  Bony  on  Original  Qenios,*  1767,  and  *Rhedi,'  an 
oriattl  tale,  1773,  and  ethical  writings.  [xvi.  131  ] 

0UT7-O0BD0V,  LUCIB  or  LUOY,  Ladt  (1821- 
ISnx author  and  translator;  only  child  of  John  Aostin 
0)M-1899)  [q.  T.]  ;  married  Sir  A.  O.  Duff-Gordon,  bart., 
ISlO;  thcur  booae  in  London  a  rendezvous  for  Bnglish  and 
iaaSia  oekbritieB;  lived  in  Egypt  from  1863  and  died  at 
Qriro:  teanslated  Kiebuhr's  'Ancient  Greek  Mythology* 
(ll»XMieinhoid*s  *  Mary  Schweidlet '  (1844),  Ranke's '  Mc- 
Min  of  the  Hoose  of  Brandenburg '  (1847),  and  '  Ferdi- 
BBBilaad  M^-Hwinian  n '  (1898),  and  Moltke's  *  Russians 
JB  BolgBria  *  (1894) ;  edited  Van  Sybel's  *  History  of  the 
OnHdes*  (1961) :  poblished  *  Letters  from  Egypt.' 

[xxlL  220] 

JIUyJEJUH,  Ladt  (1807-1867).  [See  SHEBiOAy, 
HkUK  Sbloia.] 

OVRXT,  THOMAS  (Jl.  1678),  dramatist ;  travestied 
mtemporary  plays,  indndlng  Dryden  and  D'Avenant's 
attention  of  Shakespeare's 'Tempest,*  1675.    [xtL  132] 

jrafyiELD,    ALEXANDER    JAMES    (1821-1890), 
Spanish  aefadar  ;  engaged  as  mining  chemist  in  Bolivia 
and  Pern :  travelled  widely   in  Spain  and  in  various 
of  the  world;  pnblisbed  a  valuable  tranalation  of 
Qaizote,*  1881,  and  other  writings,  including  novels 
rki  relating  to  his  travels.  [Suppl.  ii.  161] 


JIUfFlELD,  WILLIAM  (1816-1863X  stlU-life  painter ; 
at  the  Bc^yal  Academy,  and  worked  under  Baron 
Wappen  at  Antwerp.  [xvt  132] 


EDWARD  (1840-1868),  Fenian  leader  in 
Oeaana±it ;  ■entenced  Co  fifteen  years*  penal  servitude, 
1897.  [xvl.  132] 

r,   NIOOLAS  GOU'fN  (17767-1834X  French 
:  native  of  Nantes ;  served  onder  (}ount  d*Hector, 


1792 ;  emigrated  to  America,  1793 ;  taught  Freiidi  in 
America  aoul  England ;  chief  work,  *  Nature  displayed  in 
her  Mode  of  teaching  Language  to  Man,'  1818. 

[xvL  132] 
mUOAXDt  SAMUEL   (1649?-1697X  diviue :  scholar 
of  Trinity  College,  Oxfonl,  1662 :  fellow  and  M JL,  1667 ; 
rector  of  Forton  ;  prebendary  of  Lichfield.  1697 ;  published 
ethical  writings.  [xvi.  133] 

DTTOABD,  WILLIAM  (1606-1662X  schoohnastcr  : 
M.A.  Sidnev  Sussex  (College,  Cambridge,  1630 ;  niaster  of 
Stamford  (1630),  and  Oolchester  grammar  schools,  1687- 
1643:  bead-master  of  Merchant  Taylors',  1644-50;  dis- 
missed and  imprisoned  by  council  of  state  for  printing 
Salmasius's  *  Defensio  regia  pro  Oarolo  primo,*  1650 ;  re- 
instated by  Bradshaw,  1650 ;  dismissed  by  the  governors, 
1661 ;  poblished  works  on  Latin  and  Greek,    [xvi.  183] 

BTIODALB,  JOHN  (1628-1700X  herald  ;  son  of  Sir 
WllUam  Dogdale  [q.  v.] ;  Norroy  herald,  and  knighted, 
1686 ;  wrote  continuation  of  his  father's  aotoMography, 
first  published  in  1827.  [xvi  142] 

DTTOBALS,  RIOHARD  (>l.  1697),  Snrey  demoniac ; 
enabled  by  his  liability  to  hysterical  fits  to  pose  as  a 
prophet.  [zvL  184] 

DTTOBALB,  STEPHEN  (1640  ?  -  1688),  inibrmer  ; 
steward  to  Lord  Aston  at  'Hxall,  Stafforashire,  1677 : 
intimate  with  Romanist  priests;  spedonsly  pretended 
knowledge  of  the  *  Popish  plot,*  1678 ;  appeared  against  his 
oki  associate,  Stephen  OoUege  [q.  v.],  1681.    [xvi.  189] 

BTIOBALS,  Sir  WILLIAM  (1605-1686X  Oarter  king- 
of-arms  ;  employed  by  Sir  Symon-  Aroher  [q.  v.],  to  collect 
material  for  a  history  of  Warwickshire  :  Rouge  Oroix 
pursuivant,  1689;  conmiisnoned  to  prepare  drawings  of 
monuments  and  armorial  bearings  in  Westminster 
Abbey,  St.  Paul*s,  and  other  churches,  1641 ;  accompanied 
Oharles  I  to  Oxford  ;  M.A.,  1642  ;  Chester  herald,  1644 ; 
brought  out  the  first  volume  of  *  MonasUoon  Anglioannm  * 
conjointly  with  Roger  Dodsworth  [q.  v.],  1659  (second 
volume,  1661);  issued  'Antiquities  of  Warwiekshire,' 
1656 :  procUdmed  Charles  n  at  Coleshill,  1660 ;  Norroy, 
1660  ;  produced  a  *  History  of  Imbanking  and  Drayning 
of  divers  Fenns  and  Marshes,'  1662,  and  *  Origines  Jnri- 
diciales,  1666  ;  brought  out  the  third  volome  of  *  Monas- 
ticon,'  1673 ;  the*  MonasUoon*  admitted  as  drcnmstantlal 
evidence  in  the  courts  at  Westminster ;  Gtvter  kfaig-of- 
arms  and  knighted,  1677;  published  the  'Baronage  of 
England,*  1675-6 ;  correspondent  of  Sir  Thomas  Browne 
[q.  v.]  [xvL  186] 

DTTOB^S,  GABRIEL  (Jl.  1643),  grammarian  ;  bom 
at  Saumnr  ;  Huguenot  rexogee,  1631 ;  taught  French  at 
Cambridge,  and  subsequently  at  Oxford  :  best  known  by 
his  *ReguliB  Pronundandi,*  1652,  and  other  works  on 
French  grammar.  [xvl.  143] 

DTI  OTJEBKIER,  LOUIS  (1677-1716),  engraver: 
bom  in  Paris ;  member  of  the  Great  Queen  Street  academy ; 
assisted  Claude  dn  Bosc  [q.  t.]  in  engraving  Marlborough's 
battles,  1714.  [xvi.  143] 

DUHIOO,  BARTHOLOMEW  THOMAS  (1750?- 
1818),  Irish  legal  antiqnaij  ;  librarian  to  King's  Inns, 
Dublin ;  assistant-barrister  for  co.  Wexford :  wrote  on  the 
inscdvent  laws  and  (1806-6)  the  history  of  King's  Inns. 

[xvL  143] 

DTnOZVAK,  PATRICK  (1735-1816),  Irish  politi- 
cian ;  schokur  of  Trinity  (College,  Dublin,  1756  ;  M.A.  and 
fellow,  1761-71 ;  LLD.,  1765 ;  called  to  Irish  bar,  1767 ; 
king's  counsel  ;  king's  advocate-general  of  the  high  court 
of  admiralty  of  Dublin,  1785  ;  vicar-general  of  Armagh, 
Meath,  and  Blphin :  judge  of  the  consistorial  court  of 
Dublin ;  M.P.  for  Old  Ldghlln  in  Irish  Houne  of  Com- 
mons, 1790 ;  privy  councillor  of  Ireland  :  professor  of 
civil  Uw,  Trinity  College,  Dublin ;  M.P.  for  the  city  of 
Armagh  in  the  first  united  parliament,  1801 ;  violently 
oppoeeii  catholic  emancipation  in  Ireland.       [xvL  143] 

DUKS,  EDWARD  (1779-1852),  antiquary;  M.A> 
Magd4lto  Hall,  Oxford,  1807;  WUtshire  magistrate; 
subsequently  engaged  in  clerical  work :  fellow  of  the  Lin- 
nean  Sodety ;  F.S.A. ;  maintained  the  existence  of  'a 
vast  plahetmrium*  on  the  Wiltshire  dowhH  in  '  Driiidical 
Templeb  of  the  County  of  WUts,'  ISliS. '  '        £xvL  144] 

Dtjkz,  RICHARD  (1658-1711),  poet  and  divine: 
educated  at  Westminster  and  Trinity  College,  Cambridge ; 
M.A^  1682 ;  fellow,  1688 ;  prebendary  of  Gloucester,  1668 ; 

B  B 


DUMABESQ 


870 


DUNCAN 


cbaplAln  to  Dr.  Jonathan  Trelawney,  1707,  who  n  710) 
gave  htxn  the  liring  of  Witney  ;  queen's  chaplain ;  mend 
of  Atterbary  and  Prior ;  irabUHberl  oooasiooal  poems, 
incloding  a  satirical  'Panegyrick  apon  Oatea  '  and  (1683) 
an  *  Ode  on  the  Marriage  of  Prince  Oeorge  of  Denmark 
and  the  Lady  Anne.*  [xri.  144] 

DirXABSSO,  PHILIP  (1650?-ie90),  seignenr  of 
Samarte,  Jersey ;  navy  captain  ;  jarat  of  the  royal  ooart, 
1681 :  presented  James  II  with  a  manascript  aoooont  of 
the  Channel  islands,  1686 :  friend  and  correspondent  of 
John  Erdyn.  [xri  146] 

DTI  VATrBIZR,  QBOROK  LOUIS  PALMELLA 
BUS80N  (1884-1896X  artist  In  bhwk  and  white  and 
novelist :  bom  in  Paris,  where  he  was  educated :  stodied 
chemistry  at  Unlrersi^  OoUege,  London,  1861 :  studied 
art  under  Olwre  in  Paris,  1866-7,  and  under  De  Keyser 
and  Van  Lerius  at  Antwerp,  1867-60 ;  worked  at  book 
illustrations  in  London,  I860:  contributed  occasional 
drawings  to  *  Punch,'  1860 ;  joined  regular  sUff  of  *  Punch,* 
1864,  as  suocessorto  John  Leech,  and  besran  literary  con- 
tributions, in  verse  and  proM,  1866 ;  illustrated  stories  for 
*OomhUl  Magasine,*  186S-88.  He  published,  in  the  first 
instance  serially,  in  *  Harper's  Magasine,*  three  novels, 
*  Peter  Ibbetson*(189n,  •Trilby'  (18M),  and*  The  Mar- 
tian '  (posthumously,  1896),  the  first  two  of  which  recorded 
numerous  incidents  in  his  own  life;  *  Trilby  *  was  drama- 
tised and  produced  at  the  Haymarket,  London,  1896.  His 
artistic  work  for  *  Punch*  chiefly  satirised  middle-dass 
society  in  the  spirit  of  Thackersy.  [Suppl.  IL  161] 

DTTMBAETOV,  Eabl  of  (1686  7-169SX  [See  Douglas, 
Lord  Qiorok.] 

DTTKBLSTOV,  JOHN  of  (/.  1840),  schoohnan ;  of 
Dumbleton,  Oloucestershire ;  incumbent  of  Botherfleld 
Peppard,  1S8S-4 :  feUow  of  Queen's  OoUege,  Oxford,  1841, 
also  of  Merton  Oollege;  left  manuscripts  hiduding 
*Summa  LogicsB  et  Natoralis  Phlloeophisk*      [zvL  146] 

BJnOKSaKf  Sir  DAVID  (1806-1876),  army  medical 
officer ;  llcenUato  of  the  Royal  OoUege  of  Surgeons, 
Edinburgh,  18S6:  M.D.  Bdinburgh,  1830:  surgeon-major 
in  the  army,  1847-64 ;  senior  deputy  inspector-general 
during  the  Russian  war  of  1864-4k :  inspector-general  of  the 
medical  department,  1869-60;  K.O.B.,  1871.    [zvL  147] 

1XU  VOUinr.    [See  MoTTLix.] 

DW,  Lord  (1670-1788).    [See  Erskine,  David.] 

DW,  Sir  DANIEL  (d,  1617X    [See  Dokxk.] 

DW,  FINLAY  (1796-1868X  musidan  :  educated  at 
Bdinburgh  Universi^ ;  first  viola  player  at  the  San 
Carlo  Theatre,  Naples ;  published  solfeggi,  18S9 :  edited 
collections  of  Scottish  songs.  [xvi.  147] 

DW,  JOHN  (1670  7-1631).    [See  Dowkb.] 

XnJW,  Sir  PATRICK  (1643-1718),  Irish  physician ; 
probably  stcKiied  at  Aberdeen  and  on  Uie  continent :  five 
time^  president,  Dublin  College  of  Physicians:  M.D. 
Dublin :  M.P.  in  Irish  House  of  Onnmons  for  KillilMgh, 
169S,  for  Mnlltngar,  1696  and  1708 :  obtained  new  charter 
for  Dublin  OoUege  of  Physicians,  1698 :  knighted,  1696 ; 
physician-general  to  the  army,  1706 :  left  money  to  found 
professorship  of  physic  In  Dublin  CoUege  of  Physicians ; 
bis  portrait  painted  by  Kneller.  [xvi.  148] 

DWAK  or  DOKAT  (1038-1074),  first  diocesan  bishop 
of  Dublin ;  an  Basterllng :  founded  Christ  Church,  Dub- 
Un,  e.  1040.  [xvL  149] 

DTJITBAB,  Earl  of  (d.  1611).  [See  Home,  Sir 
Georgk.] 

DVlTBAlt,  first  Viscemrr  (<2. 1646).  [See  Constable, 
Henrt.] 

D17HBA&,  AONBS.  Oouktbss  of  Dukbar,  called 
*  Black  Aonbb'  (131SM869),  daughter  of  Sir  Thomas 
Randolph,  first  eari  of  Moray  [a.  v.l ;  married  Patrick, 
tonth  earl  of  Dunbar  [q.  v.] ;  sbintadly  defended  Dunbar 
Castle  against  the  BnglisD,  1888,  when  her  husband  la- 
belled against  Edward  HI.  [rvi.  1 80] 

mmiR,  OOIJnCBA  (1870?-1486).  bishop  of 
Moray :  ^ndsoa  of  Patrick  and  Acsob.  earl  ad  '^untess 
of  Dunbar  [q.  v.] ;  dean  of  St  Mary  Magdalene,  Bridg- 
north, e,  1408;  biihop  of  Mortfy,  14S9:  rtetored  El^ 


'        DTJITBAB,   GAVIN  (1455  7-1189).  bishop   of   Aber- 

'  deen :  dean  of  Moray,  1487 ;  clerk  register  and  privy 

I  councillor  in  Scotland,  1503 ;  confirmed  a  league  bclaeen 

I  Scotland  and  France,  1513;  bishop  of  Aberdeen,  1518: 

I  imprisoned  for  his  adherence  to  the  regent  AltMUiy  by  the 

j  qnecn-motlier,  1534;  released,  on  the  remonstrance  of 

Pope  CHement  VII,  1534 ;  completed  Bishop  Elphiostone^ 

bridge  across  the  Dee,  and  improved  St.  Madiar's  OaJQ» 

draL  [zvL  151] 


Ofttbedral 


[xvL  160J 


DVHBAE,  GAVTN  (d.  1547),  tator  of  James  V; 
nephew  of  Gkivin  Dunbar  (1455  7-15S9)  [q.  v.]  ;  edooated 
at  Qlaegow  Univereity:  dean  of  Moray  and  totor  to 
James  V  ;  archbishop  of  Glasgow,  1685-47 ;  soUdted  Pm 
(Element  VII  for  exemption  from  the  jnriJsdictloo  (rf  the 
archbishop  of  St.  Andrews :  privy  coondUor,  15S6 ;  loid 
high  chancellor,  1638-39:  a  lord  of  the  regency,  1536; 
resigned  the  ohanceUorship  to  David  Beaton,  oardinsl 
archbishop  of  St.  Andrews  [q.  v.],  1639.  [zvL  151] 

DTTHBAR,  OEORGE  (1774-1851X  dasdcal  scholar: of 
humble  origin :  M.A.  and  professor  of  Greek,  Bdinbaigli, 
1807-51 ;  edited  Herodotus,  1806-7 ;  endeavoured  to  derive 
Sanscrit  from  Greek,  1837 ;  compiled  Greek  lexicon,  wrtb 
E.  H.  Barker  [q.  v.],  1831.  [xvi.  151] 

DTJITBAK,  JAMBS  (<2.  1798X  phUosophioal  write: 
'regent*  at  King*s  College,  Aberdeen,  1766;  LUX; 
wrote  on  primitive  man,  1780.  [xvL  151] 

DTTVBAR,  PATRICK,  tenth  Earl  of  DuyBAB  sad 
second  Earl  of  March  (1885-1369X  sheltered  Edward  H 
after  the  battle  of  Bannockbum,  1314 :  pot  bimsdf  ante 
Edward  Ill's  protection,  1333 ;  renounced  his  alkgisnw 
to  Edward  III,  1334 ;  fought  agidnst  English  at  Dnxteo, 
1388 ;  rebeUed  against  David  II,  kingof  Bootlaad,  IMS: 
surrendered  his  earldoms  to  his  son  George,  1868. 

[xvLliO] 

DTrVBAB,  ROBERT  NUGENT  (d.  1866X  poet ;  wntt 
in  verse  of  the  West  Indies,  where  he  had  resided. 

[xvL  154] 

DVHBAE,  WILLIAM  (1465  7-1630  7>  SoottiBb  poet: 
possibly  M.A.  of  St.  Andrews  ;  wieekeJ  off  Zesliail 
while  canying  out  a  diidomatlc  mission  for  James  IV:  for 
a  time  a  Frandscan  friar;  pensioned,  1600 ;  aooampaitad 
embassy  to  negotiato  marriage  between  James  Iv  and 
Margaret  Tudor:  wrote  *  The  ThriasUl  and  the  Rois,' hli 
first  great  poem,  ha  1508 ;  produced  a  satire,  entitled  'Tbe 
Dance  of  the  Sevln  Deidly  Synnis,*  between  1508  and  ll06i 

*  The  Qoldjn  Targe '  (aUegtMioal  poemX  and  the'  I^awBt 
for  the  Makaris,'  a  magnificent  elegy ;  deeoribed  Qosn 
Margaret's  visit  (1611)  to  the  North  of  Sootlaod  la  *11t 
Quenis  Progress  at  Aberdeen ' ;  by  some  sappoeed  to  ban 
fallen  at  Flodden  (1513),  by  others  to  have  written  tlie 

*  Orisone '  after  1617.  [zvL  154] 

DUVBOTHZ,  Barox  (d.  1800).  [See  Bctlbb,  Jobst.] 

DUVGAV  I  (d.  1040X  king  of  Scotland ;  probaUy 
appointed  kin^^  over  the  Strathdyde  Welsh,  c  1018 ;  Us 
CJnmbrian  subjects  harried  by  Eadulf,  eari  of  the  Kortb- 
nmbrians,  1088 ;  made  yeariy  progresses  through  Scotlsad 
to  restrain  oppression  ;  defeated  wad  slain,  smne  lay  eases 
sinated,  by  Maelbaetbe  or  Macbeth,  monnaer  of  Mony.  • 

[XVL157] 

DUVCAKn(<f.  1094),  king  of  Scotland:  ddestsnof 
Malcolm  Canmore ;  released  from  captivity  in  Nonumdy 
and  knighted  by  Robert,  WUllam  Fs  son,  1087 ;  tnppcrted 
by  the  Normans  against  the  usurpation  of  his  onde. 
Donald  Bane,  but  compelled,  when  conqueror,  to  dismisB 
his  aUles ;  treacherously  slain  at  Donald  Bane's  instiga* 
tion.  ixwL  UKl 

DUITGAK,  ADAM,  VrecouKT  Duncan  (17S1>I8MX 
admiral ;  naval  lieutenant,  1755  ;  present  at  the  Mir'kH* 
of  Brest,  1759 :  commaodei  the  Royal  Bxchaoge,  a  hired 
vessel,  empl<)yed  in  petty  convoy  servioe,  tiBil  was  pat 
out  of  commission,  1759-60 ;  helped  to  reduce  Belle  Me, 
1761,  and  Havana,  1763;  sat  on  the  court-martial  on 
Keppel,  with  whott)  he  showed  much  sympathy,  and  eel 
that  on  Sir  Hueh  PaUiser  [q.  v.],  1779 ;  admind,  1715: 
commander-in-chief  in  the  North  Sea,  1795-1801 ;  pre- 
vented the  mutiny  o(  1797  from  extending  to  his  fla|- 
ship,  the  Venerable:  defeated  the  Dutoh  admlraCDf 
Winter,  off  Camperdown,  1797 :  created  Baron  Duncan 
of  Luodie  and  Vipcount  Duncan  of  CMnperdown,  1797. 

CZTi.lM] 


SmOAV,  AirDItEW.lheFkIo'(IIM-181S).ph;tldii 
nd  pnlnnr,  EiUnbiirgii  UntTendlT :  ii.\.  St.  A.Di]nvii 
7*9;  lii  ItBiM  pmUnitoT  Uw  Bo^  McdloU  Eocietr 


iiwitaud  ■  Medial  tai  PtiUiwicdiiis]  I 
qautcrlj  jounuO,  1771 :  (>n*ldat  el 
aHittat  FlH^iilKw.l7WaBd  UH^  ~ 
■   -|liutrtLlTSU-lBl:o(._ . „ 

llntorgh.  18U7;  pabliabcd 


qautcriy   jounuO,   17 

■^tttat  Fbj^iilKw.l7WaBd  UH;  pmtaBcat  plinl- 
;,  EOioMt^  I  TW-ini :  obtklud  sWtar  lorcnoUng 


iraVCAV,  BSWARD  ( 1904-1  R^X  lutdxttpe-paLiiter. 
Mlier,  mi  UUugnplier :  uhiblud  U  Qm  Old  Waur- 
(UsBrSoewtT.  lUSudlWO.  [iri.  IBI] 


*  BMhuril,  DnnHMain,  ITH-lUC :  bmogbt  iDdUn 
ontraaUmjiaoliBa  Una  of  aeanl»;  ioMilalriac 
BHbnO^flntMTtivitaablUO:  iCb. Bb  Andnwi, 

ibitfuulHHika  of  qnadnipedi  oa  Lte  oev  na  ■andAUmfl 
ilOiCTMcWa  Heir;  nofentar al  ttw  imenil  auunblr. 
UtI:  BoblBlHl  ■  nie  Baend  FbUoaaphf  of  cbe  Suniiii,' 
!»-«,  and  otlw  irorb.  [in.  lU) 

BVXGAV,  JAUS8  MATTHEWS  (ISSView).  phjil- 
dw:  ILL.  MHiKba]  OoDege,  Abenlm.  lB4t :  M.D.. 

[^•.'lilUT:  F.IU3.P. BJinburgh. IMl"  Imuu^oam^ 
•1IS7:  pli)iiiu9  (or  dianuH  of  woiMn  in  Edlobuc^b 
Boftl  Inanaarj,  IMl ;  otuuutc  phyxEcivi  kt  St.  Kartbd- 
kiqv^  Uvpltal,  Lowljm,  1H77;  F.K.OJ'.  London,  and 
rAA,  1M9;  pnbUitud  worlu  nlnling  prtudpall)'  In 
-—  -  [SoppLIL  167] 


■aid«aib*5levBi 


IfldbTa  pcMiciDad 

d  AdoBdUti  ID  Da 

tt  TfculPdWl  at  WlQdah. 


IsSaSlK 


DUKOAiniroN 


DDKOAir,  JOffN  (1 

JioolB  at  tbe  Vale  ol  AJIord.  [xiL  lU] 

DOVOAH.  JOHNBB0TS<jt.  1KI1),  wrtlir:  brotlur 

ll.         ■  ""         t.i^lTS] 

DintCUt,  JONATHAN.  Uu  ddar  {1TM-I»1I).  go. 


■oK 


■Intouiept   ■ 


.     -     .-    (ITM-ISM), 

HO  of  Jonat)uDnnUD(17H-lsm 


SUXOAV,  JONATHAN,  tbe 

OuBt  .      _.._ 

and  tbe  ■  liUy  •ophlnii ' 

1.'  HI*  vorkn  LnolDda.  ^'iiH 

Itj;  ..  .  raaadiid  on  Ailro- 

idplM,'  1B30  r,  and  ■  Tbe  KaUDnal  AnUOiM 


Religlc 

DtnrOAV.  UABK  (l"0  7-1Ma),  profmorof  diilo- 

C~i.  Roiborfbihln;    M.D.:    pobllfbid  '  tutllutlocHa 
OF,'  llll:  IrrltauJ  Ihe  clern  In  hl>  'DUcoundulB 


STnrour,  mark,  wt 


LRK,  wba  adopted  tbe  addlUonal  tuT- 
itsTiH  (4.  IMH),  dIplDiiwtiet  ud  Liktbi 
uuri.  «n.uim»..  Duncan <l»70?-lWUKq.  1.1:  afeDtoI 
HIcbellim  U  OaniuiUnopla,  IMI;  left  tbe  ynscb  lor 
tiK  ^wiillnh  wrrlcc:  Bwedleh  atnbaaaadot  nddnit  fa 
Ftann,  IStl ;  ncnuir  to  tbe  Dnke  ot  Qnlie,  lt47 :  mm- 
tallj  mounded  In  an  ingigBnait  w!lb  lhgapaoliud«.lMa. 
ItrL  ITI] 
DinrcAB.  PETER  MARTIN  flBtl-lMl),g«otoglM; 

.,„  ..    ,.     ._.  ---■ --C(,lclweloT,l8«-«0,awl 

f  erBiagy.  Ktog*!  OoUage, 
llCoJ]e(e.e.1Bll:P.0.a, 


ID    ID«lalll>C.  1 1 

p«dMKi*ljot 

DITinUK,  E 
ibiralan  M<w 
;e«  CollaiB,  O. 


«1;  Fi9.,F.L. 


UqaUelloD 


id  UirfoTd  K  aaTlnge  bank  and 

on  o(  (nFDdlcttv :  pabLIalied  ^  E , . 

[.»L  17J1 

mnrOAX.  TBaMAB(ira7.1ft«B).p^nta:  nwUedat 
le  TmalBca-  AiBtdeiny.  Edinhargh,  omtuaUj  bacomlng 

HHrol  drawing,  to  tbe  ScotUihAcadamT:  A.iLA.,  1»Ui 
Eb  hiiUH'T'al  vano^"l»Utqtymt  [iTi  17j} 

miKCAK.  WILLIAM  (1717-17M),  proterw  of  phUo- 
ipb;  at  Aberdwn ;  M.A.  UaiiKbal  College.  AbenJiiea, 
737 ;  prnlBBor  ol  naliiral  asd  iiperlmcntal  pblloaoptaf. 

larlKhml  Oolleite,  I763-eu:  tmnili      '"    "    '" 

iTie%'  I7A?,  and  edited.  «itb   1 


grated  to  fiydney,  Ni 


.>.,  JOHS(17SC-ia70).tbteloeiaa:  lUid 
Ccdan.  AtwdeBi ;  onlalaed  to  union  CI 
LtM:  LL.It..iaM;  appelDttid miitlonarr I 


r  Oellen,  Sd 
xkBB^ttaG: 


„  „,.„„ „ :  coUkU) 

»  Booth  Want  IM»-61 :  p.MXS,  IffllJ 


D  Auilnlla  by  Ptdni  Fe> 


^  mrHOAntOH,    RiRoiiB,      IBoe    Foitsoi 


DTTHOANBON 

SDirOAXBOX,   SOBBHT  (d.  17M).  MlOD^ 

^F»1  eutniRfd.  IS  CapUia  HoMrC  CunpbdL  1S93 

smOH.  EDUTIND  (ISb7~lTl»).  pcdlUdu 
Tfranc;  M.P.,  Crlcklnde,  lIUl->,  and  17IU-IS, 
bridge,  ina-lB.UKl  WAmnglord.  WK-IS;  nuu 
mfU  tiDuieliDlil,  Uus,  1714  :  mismtHT  ot  ths  KIC- 


mmOOHB.  JO 

LnuJoD   goUeiuktb 


1  CHARLKa  (d,  I 


sa,  for  tilling  fi^BiOj  mdortod  c 
Uksl,  uid  uqulllal  tbrougb  o 
u,   lS9e:  koigbled,  UBB^    uami: 


mmOOKBZ,     JOHN     (l]»-lTe«),     mlucUiiDeaui 
"lumunbo  la.  r.'i :  M.A.  Ootpni 
.  17&3;  Idiow  oF  CorpoB;  heUJ 
~Ircdmaii,0Ha(erbEH7 , 
irj  OBthcd»l ;  vrau 


DUnKI  College,  Oemhridge.  17 


SUITDOMBZ,  WILLIAM  (leW-lTte),  miKcUumus 
writer:  clerk  is  Umutj  oBlis,  17IM-U:  put  prapriEtor 
□I'WUiBluUBvsilncPaM':  wnU  igainn  Um  ■  Bamitr'i 
0«n'  u  immonl,  ITtt,  UiDcbT  nlulng  Um  ftleoiliblp 
at  Dr.  (aftiimnli  Anfabltboii)  BsrifBaj  bnugbt  oat 
'  Liudoi  Junina  BnUia' at  Dnsy  Lan,lTU:  nqnlntadi 
•anDon  (at  Arbutlmat^)  «o  llH  «vU  a(  taballlDD,  174* ; 
UDimpecLingly  DDiopUal  (LT4B)fTDDi  the  fraodaloit  ILjn 


T  [q.  T-l  a 


[j;» 


be  laqaltlUi: 

DUnOOK.  EDMUND  (d.  1S7B),  clusymux:  ' 
It  EJfknr  XhmooD  to-  v.];  noit  by  Nicbolu 
q,  v.]  lo  vliitGeOTga  tiWiwt  Id  hit  lutLllnna ;  pc^ 
ie  paWlcUnn  of  Hortun't  ■  A  Priat  to  the  T( 
[.L.B. ;  ncUK  ot  Frtem  BusA  Ulddleau,  1663-; 
[ivl. 

SUItOOS.  BLEAZAB  (d.  1«M)>,  royaUR 

7«!i»CoUam,OaaibrMe«;  -'■ ■ '■— ■ — ■ 

JTldgfl,  ICIB ;  pnbmEiary 
lew;  D.D-,  t&U;  probva 
[TtuTlH  1 ;  Btrippcaof  all 
lied  at  LeeboTD'  L"i-  ^ 

DmcOR,  JOHS  (A  1M6).  biograplier:  brotl 
Elaier  DRBCon  [q.  t.]  ;  held  i  cuib  In  Eeaax.  c. 
ffigie  I  nllgioLU  Uograpli;  ot  Lftlice,  \1»0Dntiaa 


nr  of  Pnobrokc  I 
Dotbam,  1*18,  ol  W 
rr  ol  York.  IdM :  d 


1801 


ffJ^J" 


iL(/.  isoo-iug),  poiiHod  vTitB; 
tor  rrtiaiBtt  to  paj  afa^HDoaer, 
lit  NOJ.'  by  tin  nompilmrtea'  sun 

(ncUiletl  asd 

[itLIBJ 

OmOUXB,  JOHK  (17G»-18S>],  li>pDGnui1>cT :  VA. 

"    '"  ""    ""*--  -'itor  aiHl  printer  at 

duke  of  Noiialt  Is 


. . .  lit)-  CoUegr,  Onmbildire, 
psriiliM:  ePBugHl  (17»ti)  bj 


iBied.  isetlhlnl  rolumo  iMiioi  [19»S]  by  JudgsK.  E 
aOkt) :  pnbllBbed  a  ■  Gaictid  View  of  the  Agricultare  g( 
.  ..Herelorl,-IBOS,  [iii,  ISfl 

DUBDAB,  CHARLES.  BAnoN  Amekbihit  (ITil-inn 
.._    .     „.  .       ^.  ,^ri«*r:  M.P.  loT  Ortaf 


%17M-lH»;m 


._ .  cnaledL  Baron  AmobizTTiiyi 

DUBDAB,  Sir  DAVID  n7U-lll»l>,  nsoalj  lk» 
toiaat  nreworkor  Id  tbe  royal  ■ttllkir;.  IIm:  II  win  Ml, 
teth  tiidmait.  17Be:  pmmt  at  tbe  attack  «  BLMala 
the  spUire  tl  Cberboanc,  and  tbe  Bgbt  at  HLOai:  warn 
InOaba,  17U;  eeaood,17ai;  mijoc-Kaiaal.  17*0!  viDb 
drlU-booka  which  vere  Muad  aa  tbe  oStdal  onlol  to-  ttm 

^^  17B7 :  accompanied  Dika  cl  York  to  the  HcUr. 

tbe  amt't  lebool  In  bii  -  PrlDdpIn  ol  UlUtair  Mdi» 

mmta,  ctaieOy  apptliratile  lo  lalautr;,'  17B&     [ktI  IBI] 

SmniAB,  SiK  DATID  (I7W-I877),  atattmiui:  eli- 


tba  nontieni  olrcult ;  U.F..  Satberlaodjlilni.  1«4<I-K.  iM 

lMl-7:    Q.a.   IMO:   knl^blsJ.    18(7:    jndgHdniMU- 

general  aDSprlTjcoaiicillar,  IMS,  [iiLlVj 

SmSAB.  raAN01S(d.  IBW^Wdeml :  mm  ol 


ir^b  HtRh  & 

FacnltJ  of  AdTOHtea,  17«-. ».. 

.  17«e:  H.r.  for  UtdlDthlu.  mt-K, 

Jw  In  17n  wbm  be  lat  tor  Kewtan. 

ariTocata,  177B~U;  aiippatted  Powi^f 

it  for  tbe  npeid  nt  tba  Matwcbiiaetta  lAartot, 
:  leitar  ot  alawo'  Unlnnltr,  ITai-J ;  eanM 
..    .„  "    -lo^  be  recallad.  from  India. 

^"BoittUh  tigB^atl:  de- 

. ..ST.  17SB  1  ebancdto  «  HL 

LL.D.  Edinbnrgli,  Ifm:    ItP,  Mto- 

boigb.  ITtO'lSOa;  borne  ncretair.  17>t-«:  pnUnt  ll 
the  board  of  ooatrol.  n«i-18Dl ;  ipoke  In  aoppon  of  the 
&rt  India  Caoipaoy.KM:  •Kretarrof  mr.lTM-lttl: 
keeper  ol  tbe  prliy  leal  ol  Ssotluid,  ISW :  plaonal  aid 
carried  oot  tlie  E^ryptlan  earopaign  ot  tBOl  agaloat  lir 

cd  ^ItivUlfl,  aod  Rvim  Dnnira.  IBOt;  tnt  lord  M  Ibt 
adnUrelly,  IMl-B:  erntal  Irom  tbenUot  ttHi  iiriTy  a»i- 
ell.  IBUt,  aod  Impeaobed.  ISM.  for  malTenalhia :  guilty 
ol  nealinnii'e,  bul  aoqained.  ISOe :  nstorcd  la  the  prl>I 
monoll.  IB07.  [in.  IH] 

SUnSAB,  HSNRT,  tblrd  ViscocntT  UELTnuCIW- 
1870),  gcDcnl ;  ton  ol  Robert  Siooden  Dondaa.  icaaad 
Tisooiinl  Melville  (q.  v.] ;  oapOiln.  83rd  regime--  "*'  ■ 


D  Btormiiiff  ■  t 

Dvnu,  Sd  JAKK  WHITLBY  SBANS  (IIU- 
l),Btaini;  (ommmBkrln  tin  BilUc,  ISOT;  tookUic 
aamat  SnniUi,  1«M  :  fnqoaiUy  wt  tol  anenvlcb 


BUVHAL  iJI.  m\~»SJ\  Irlih  monli  In  dcocan'i  onla* ; 
T<irEa  from  InUod  bj  tb«  Dwiiih  luviidoni :  iniitnl  by 

s  H  OHplulu  ol  Loebilr,  Ul,  {ivL  1S7] 

DinrQAXVOX,  Viscoukts.    [Bee  rmTOH,  ICiRCin, 
Int  Visconirr  of  the  Ant  ci™tfoo,  1118- UTO  ;  Tkvoh, 


HatTilla  [q.  T.]  1    ednated  it  Hi 
'—■ :  as.  t«  tail  lerTloei  In  tbe  Bnl 


rUlU] 


I       SITTQUUOK,      ROBLST     (17B8-IS«»>,     nwdlsl 

ot  Virglnl*,  isit-tl ;  p'rotewor  of  Ite  Innltata  oT  medC 
□Ids  [n  JerrnwD  Uedlinl  OiUF«e.  PbllulclpbU,  ItlM-atI ; 
pablUlud  ■  -Hurnun  PbyiloUigyi'  >  'HlHory  of  Uedl- 


\,  BOBBBT.  Lobs  Aunnvix  (d.  IJM),  si 
^BT  kri  g<  m^aa ;  eUvt  ■»  cif  air  Junei  DuDdu 
M.  Hnirq-T.]:  ILP- DUdkMblu,  1700-4,  uil  1702-7; 

Liiiir^HiiBi.itmr  [hli*!] 

mxnU,  BOBXBT,  Lobd  Ajumnos,  the  elder 
(UM-ITU),  jotee:  lecaid  Hm  ol  Robert  Dundu  (d. 
iniir^T.]:  Mfietliir«nienlInrSi«i:iad,1717-90i  lord 
ItnoM^lISO;  deusftbaFuoltTof  AdTocUei,  1711: 
U^  MM1.JW..,  ii».i,  lin-U,  kM  lIM-7:  cbler 
di^iHaf  LofdD^^oppncuU:  IrndpniideiitorteeeiaD. 
IIW-U;  vMBbadnccd  islo  BaoUlih  jndea  Ibe  ponibLe 
■BdiBB 'B^ttT '  oc  'Dot  innltT'  Hi  umluC  'proreD'  or 
'BM  pmno.-  ITW.  [itL  im] 

BraUS,  BOBBBT,  Lord  AunmiH.  Ux  voannr 
ani-lTilk  JDdc*:  ekleot  n  ol 


Ik  BeBHiwl,  17*l-e;    lyd-id 
(Mnrut)  fiooelu  Jq.  t.J  Id 


^ 


BOBBBT,    o»     Aj 

iiaio^  Bobttt  Dnadae.  Loid 

ki.l :  •oUeUor-aioml  [or  BeoUui 
IM;  ILf  ^  UlobonlHliln,  17M- 
*¥A<qi>*»'  1b  nuifleitl.  IMl. 


1  .t  BdlDbDigh  UdI- 
rbl;  loUcltOr-Bnienl 
h   17H1    US^    Mld- 


Dooilae  pcenffe  oue» 

[.ri.  IM] 

(1718-1819). 

n,  UuyooDffer 

lonl  edTDcat*, 


SAlf  CBL  ABTLKT  (d.  i»t»\  hi 


(1711-1771);  i.  

Colkn,  Ombrldge:  colonel.    17-11;   prcaideDt  ol  the 
board  ot  tnde.  17411-81;  pHij  Rumalllar,  I1«8;  ilded 

■Iter  hlni,  1748;  itjled  the 

lleatenuC-genctal,  lltl;  lord- 
neaunut  01  ireiuio,  i/11-J;  flnt  lordof  theKlDJlrsltj. 
176^;  iBCTFlArr  of  itete.  1713;  ^trlomTir'  with  Loral 
EgnmaDt  ud  UnoTUlB,  1788 ;  ILO^  1784 ;  lord  \^rj  hdI, 
1770 ;  leorelnrj  o(  lUla,  1771.  [irl.  IM] 

OIJinUBTOX.  BOBKRT  CJl  1770-18111,  B 


I  o[  the  Oolontsa'  1 


Un-tui] 


end  hlatorbui 

tbe  UUltu;  Oollege,  ' 

BriUib  ArcbsologW 


ALFKBD  JOHN  (181l-ie7»), 
■on  of  JobnDoDMoCi]-*.!:  « 


IDd  TlBCOUKI 

17»i,  Rre, 


tntTlenA  (q-  »J:  >t.P,  Hiu     ,  .  ... 

!■*■  e<tbe  Hcnet  fit  Bmtlud,  180U :  US..  Kldlotbii 
UH;  t*iTT  nanneUkg.  1807;  preddent  of    '     ' 
(etM,  IKT/  eod  IKM;  Irlih  eeoeUry.  18 


oMBngUeh 

latfld  tbe  worki  of  KJidalpbue,  abbot  of  CogBeebKll.  aop- 
piainB  bIniKlf  the  orlgUiKl  edlux,  IBM.  [iTl.  101] 

S'  (17g3-lB4«X  ■opocnpb" ;  o(l«1ul 
iih  Arcbeologlc^  AneodUlgD ;  pDb- 
,bfl  HEnon  And  Antlqnftlce  of  Bttnoley 


1  Arctic  eiploratlon. 

[ILTI.  US] 

nnnUI,  THOMAS  a710-17»4X  mnJor-jHierKl: 
MKri  M  BBlcr  Mtb  toot  Id  Aoiertcs  ud  tbe  Win 
laita:  ILP,  hi  U»  ttenrtiT  of  Ortaiej  uvl  Bbetund. 
1771,  ITTl  lud  17M :  jolnC'CDDiDilBianer  for  uruiEtnE 
ttl  — plt-l-Ui-  M  Tart  Ton.  1781  :  DUJor-EmBnl, 
im  -  dW  et  Qi^deloope  after  dlitlnffciJahHl  anricee  In 
tkVMlidtH,17»4.  [itLIM] 

I,  WILLIAM  (17tl-18U),  politician  ; 

■      •      ■ n[il.». 

■all,  Wio 

II  and  ISU4,  Ouflcn,  1810, 

Hj-at-wmr.  1801-8 ;  keeper 

rd  clerk  regliUr,  1831.  [itL  197) 
n  (Ltttr-leM).    [Bee  Ou- 

BUJWIIIXS,  KuiA  or.  [See  Omiuuhk,  Bin 
ViuuM,  ant  uu.  If.  188)1 ;  Cocbuki.  AiiciiiB.ti,D, 
■lDtbSML,ir4*-lBtlia>CHiun,TR<1ius,  tenth  HlAL, 

im-iHo.] 

BVnUMVlV,    Lobd    (17*1-1S6I).     [See  Hirr. 

LAJEt^TaolUA] 

mnrSKMUVK,  Kuua  or.  [See  8sro;t,  Bin 
ALauvm,  Ont  Kuu,  ifitl-ietl:  Brrux,  Ouiiuw, 
iiriiiJ  BaU,  d.  1*78.1 


DUHZIK,  WILLIAU  (170)1-1788),  poet;  BA. 
Trloit/  College.  DabllD,  I7SB;  D,IX,  1744;  ncrlTOd  aa 
annuity  from  Trinity  Oollege.  Dablln.  aa  atipolated  In 
the  will  of  hli  aunt,  abenefaclor  of  the  college ;  orlalned, 
1718 ;  inaiMT  d[  Porton  Boyal  Bcbool,  BnnlaklUen.  1748- 
1788;  friend  of  Swift;  autbor  of  iomt  clever  poema  In 
Blkgliab  aud  Idlin.  inclodlog  '  Btmtla,'  1747.  and  ^VlDdl- 
catlen  Dl  the  Libel.'  ■  poem  aUributed  to  BwUl. 

[m.808] 
DER  (1184-1747),  areek  MihoteT : 


SUBLOP,  al: 

•on  of  WllUam  I 
Greek  InOIaigow 


iTonltj,  1 


T[q...]; 


[ivL  sot] 
ALBXANIER     0OLQDHOUN.aTIBI^ 

-  (178a-1870X  chnrch  lawjer  and  poll- 

i:  earnntl]' lapportal  tbe  ■  noa-iiitrualon '  partf  In 
iiK  cbarch.  which  be  piofeiaionallT  delendal  on  afl 
oocaaloni;  U.P„  Oreeuock.  1B61-8CI;  carried  MU  aboUab- 
log  Qretna  Oreeo  marrliga  ;  altooked  goremment  ol 
Lord  FalmentiHLlsei.  for  tampehog  with  the  i)*>patche« 
of  Sir  AleianderBanea,  ennr  at  tbe  Afghan  ooart  In 
1839  :  publlahcda  treaUie  on  tin  law  of  Smtland  nlaUiw 
tothepoor.ltai.  another  on  tbe  law  of  paCroiuwe,  1888, 
and  a  third  on  panubial  law,  [aVL  904] 

DUITLOF,  yBAKCBSANNKWALLAOB  (1780-1818), 
friend  of  Hohert  Bunm:   nil  Wallace:    miirrled  John 
Dtoloi)  ol    DuElop,  Aj-nhlre,  i: 
Hpondent  and  friend  o(  Bumi  oa 
■  Oottai'i  Saturday  NIgbt,'  bnt  all 


[itLIM] 


DmSTLOT 


874 


DtJNSTEB 


KoTft  Sootls;  Ueutenftiitk  1779;  deipatebed  to  Cbarles- 
town  with  the  newt  of  aeisare  of  Cliftiapeake  estuary, 
17B1 ;  sabseqaently  8t«tioiMd  at  Halifax ;  Mrvsd  against 
Tippoo  Saltan,  1791 ;  Ueutenant-colond,  1795 ;  commanded 
brigade  at  Sedasesr  and  at  oapturt  of  Seringapatam, 
1799 ;  brigadier-geueral,  1805 ;  M.P.  for  the  stewartiy  of 
Klrkcadbright,  1818-S6;  commanded  5tb  dlvisiou  at 
Fnentes  de  Onoro,  1811 ;  lieatenaut-geaeral,  1817. 

[xTi205] 
DUITLOP,  JAMBS  (1796-1848X  atftronomer;  keeper 
(18S8-7^  of  the  Brisbane  obaenratoxy  at  Paramatta ;  made 
most  of  the  observntionit  for  the  *  Brisbane  Oatalogue  *  of 
7385  southern  starti  (completed  18S8) :  gold  medallist  of 
the  Astronomioal  Society,  1828:  F.R.A^  1828;  the 
number  of  nebula  claimed  as  his  disooreries  subsequently 
found  to  be  greater  than  that  actually  existing ;  director 
of  the  Paramatta  obeerratory,  1829-4S :  author  of  '  An 
Aoooont  of  Obserrations  made  in  Sootlaod  on  the  Distri- 
bution of  the  Magnetic  Intensity,*  183U.  [xtL  S06] 

DUVLOP,  JOHN  (1755-18S0),  song-writer ;  lord  pro* 
▼ost  of  Qlaagow,  1796 ;  c(41ector  of  customs  at  Borrow- 
stounnes9  and  subsequently  at  Port  Qladgow ;  author  of 
the  well-lmown  lyrics  *  Ob  dinna  ask  me  gin  I  lo'e  ye '  and 

*  Here's  to  the  year  that's  awa.'  [xri.  807] 

DUVLOP,  JOHN  OOLIN  (d.  184S),  author ;  son  of 
John  Dunlop  [q.  ▼.] ;  adyooata,  1807  ;  sheriff  depute  of 
Renfrewshire,  181ft-4S ;  published  a  learned  *  Histoiy  of 
Fiction,*  which  was  orltioiaed  with  unwarranted  severity 
by  Haslltt,  1814,  a  *  History  of  Boman  Literatnre,  from 
the  earliest  period  to  the  Augotttan  Age,*  182S-8,  and 

*  MenuHrs  of  Spain  daring  the  Beigns  of  Philip  lY  and 
Charles  II,'  1834.  [xri.  S08] 

SUHLOP,  WILLIAM,  the  elder  (1849  7-1700X  prin- 
cipal of  Qlasgow  UniTersity;  emigrated  to  OaUfomia, 
remaining  there  till  1688 ;  minister  of  Ochiltree  and  after- 
wards of  Paisley ;  principal  of  Glasgow  UnivecHity,  1690 ; 
director  of  the  Darien  Company ;  historiographer  for 
Scotland,  1698.  [xrL  909] 

SUVLOP,  WILLIAM,  the  younger  (169S-17S0X  pro- 
fessor of  church  history  in  Bdiuburgh  Univertity;  son 
of  William  Dunlop  the  elder  [q*  ▼•] ;  licentfed  by  the  pres- 
bytery of  Edinburgh,  1714 ;  appointed  by  George  I  pro- 
fessor of  divinity  and  church  history,  Bdinbnrgh. 

CxvL909] 

DTJVLirOB,  YiscouMTS.  [See  Macoonnsll,  Sir 
Randal,  first  vncouifT,  d.  1686 ;  Macdomhxll,  Raxdal, 
second  YmooUNT,  1609-1688.] 

DVraORI,  BARiii  OF.  rSee  Mubbat,  Lord 
Crarlbb,  first  Eabl,  1660-1710 ;  MuRRAT,  John,  foarth 
Barl,  178S-1809.] 

JHUJXV,  Sir  DANIEL  (d.  1617X    {Qm  DoMXs.] 

DimV,  ROBERT  (1799-1877X  surgeon;  UoenUate  of 
the  Society  of  Apothecaries,  1825 ;  F.B.C.S.,  1852 ;  contri- 
buted to  medical  and  psyohologioal  reviews.   [xvL  210] 

DTJHV,  SAMUEL  (d.  1794),  mathematician  ;  inrentor 
of  the  *  universal  planispheres,  or  terrestrial  and  odesUal 
globes  in  piano,'  1757 ;  master  of  an  academy  at  Ormond 
House,  Chobea,  1758-68 ;  mathematical  exaiminer  to  the 
Bast  India  Company.  His  works  include  *The  Navi- 
gator's Guide  to  the  Oriental  or  Indian  Seas,*  1775,  and 

*  The  Astronomy  of  Fixed  Stars,'  part  L  1793.  [xtL  810] 

DTrW,  SAMUEL  (1798-1882X  expeUed  Weslqrmn 
minister ;  first  Weslcyan  minister  in  the  Shetland  islands, 
1822 ;  supposed  to  have  taken  put  in  the  publication  of 
the  *Fly  Sheets,*  pamphlets  sdvocating  reforms  in  the 
Wesleyan  governing  oodY,  1847;  called  upon  to  dis- 
continue his  monthly  *  WMleiy  Banner  and  Revival  Re- 
cord,* and  expelled  for  oontomaqTi  1849 ;  D J>.  of  one  of 
the  United  States  universities.  [xvL  212] 

DUHV,  WILUAM  (1770-1849),  mechanic  and  agri- 
culturist ;  prcorietor  of  the  Dalnotter  Ironworks,  1813 ; 
built  miUJB  at  Duntocber  for  oottom-spinningand  weaving. 

[xvL  213] 

DUnS,  GABRIBL  (d.  1658).    £&«  DONNB.] 

DUUMUIO,  JOHN,  flnt  Baron  Abhburton  (1731- 
1788X  barrister,  Middle  Ttenple,  1756 ;  drew  up  a  defence 
of  the  English  Bast  India  Company  against  the  Dutch, 
1762;  soUoitor-geiinBU  1768-70;  M.P.  for  Oalnelnwhig 


interest,  1768 ;  re-elected  for  Calne,  1774 :  carried  a 
lutiou  that  *  the  influence  of  the  crown  has  increased,  li 
increasing,  and  ought  to  be  diminisbed,*  1780 ;  again  rs* 
turned  for  Oalue,  1780 :  privy  councillor,  1782 ;  created 
Baron  A!»hburton  of  Ashburton,  1782 :  author  of  an  *Iii- 

3uii7  into  tUo  Doctrines  latdy  promulgated  oonoemiiif 
uries.  Libels,  dtc,*  1764,  which  Uoraoe  Walpole  cob- 
sklered  'the  finest  i^eoe  .  .  .  written  for  liber^  sinoe 
Lord  Somers.*  [zri.  213] 

DUKRAVBN,  third  Earl  of  (1812-1871).  [See  Qms, 
Edwin  Richard  Wdydkam  Wtxdham-] 

DUITB.  JOANNES  SCOTUS,  known  as  tiie  Doctor 
Sdrtilia  (1265  7-1808  ?X  schoolman ;  Raid,  without  eri- 
denoe,  to  have  been  fellow  of  Merton  OoUege.  Oxford,  sad 
in  1301  professor  of  divinity  at  Oxford ;  stated  to  hsve 
been  *  regent  *  of  Paris  Uuiveniity ;  nicknamed  Doctor  Sob- 
tilis :  poeaiblv  died  at  Oolofme,  there  beiuga  traditaoottat 
he  was  buried  alive.    Duns  was  the  author  of  a  philoav 

8 bio  grammar,  entitied,  *De  Modis  Signifleaodi  nve 
rammatica  Speculativa*  (printed,  1499X  of  logical 
'  Qunstiones  *  (edited,  I474X  of  a  work  tm  metapby«ioi 
called  *De  Herum  Principlo'  (edited,  1497),  and  o(  ttas 

*  Opus  Oxoniense,'  (printed,  1481),  a  commentary  on  tbi 

*  Sententiie '  of  Peter  Lombard.  A  conceptoalist  in  kgie, 
he  borrowed  from  Ibn  Gebirol  iJl.  1045)  the  theory  of  a 
universal  matter,  the  common  basis  of  all  eiistrnffs. 
while  in  theology  he  denied  the  possibility  of  rationalism. 

rxvL  216] 
DUITBAVT,  ninth  Baron  (<f.  1668).     [See  Pmxxir. 
Patrick.] 

DTnrsniAVS,    lord  (1781?-1811).     [See  Nairxk^ 
Sir  William.] 


DUITBTABLE,  JOHN  (tf.  1453),  masioian  and 
matidan :  mentioned  in  the  'Propnrtiooale  *  of 
Tinctoris  (1445-1511)  as  the  chief  musician  in  K»*g^^«w»  z 
mentioned  in  a  Seville  manuscript  of  1480 ;  *^nrni<ii»r  of  m 
manuscript  collection  of  latitudes  and  tongitodes,  1438. 

[ZTLS20] 

DXnf  STALL.  JOHN  (/.  1644-1676),  engraver ;  pub- 
lished two  drawing-books.  [xri.  221] 

DUN8TAK,  Sadtt  (924-988X  archbishop  of  OanfeB^ 
bary :  educated  by  Irish  scholars  at  Glastonbory  Abb^; 
favourite  of  King  jfithdstan ;  falsely  aoouaed  of  belnf  t 
wisard,  and  expelled  the  court ;  made  Ms  profearioo  of 
mooastio  vows  to  ^Ifheah,  bishop  of  Winchester:  pno* 
tised  the  arts  of  metal-working,  painting,  and  traiiiiaip- 
tion ;  ooonoillor  of  King  Kadmnnd  [see  Edmund],  iuo*- 
rowlv  escaping  a  second  dismissal  on  udae  charges  ;  abtai 
of  Glastonbury  c  945 ;   laid  tite  foundatioa  of  a  new 
church,  and  modified  the  ooostitotioii   of   the  abbej, 
making  it  also  a  famous  acbotA ;    treacaier   and  ddcf 
adviser  of  King  Badred  [see  Bdred]  :  procoredamsl  sf 
Wttlfstan,  archbishop  of  York  and  leaoer  of  the  Danish 
insurgents,  952;   rebuked  King  Bdwy  for  leaving  ths 
corcmation  feast  to  visit  a  mistress;  retired  to  Ftaodeisia 
disgrace,  956,  Count  Amulf  I  assigning  him  a  TDStflsnm     ' 
at  Ghent ;  appointed  by  Eadgar  [see  Bdoah]  bishop  of 
Worcester,  957 :  bishop  of  London,  retiUAing  Woroostsr, 
959-61 ;  archbishop  of  Canterbury,  961 ;  oonoentrated  his 
energies  on  making  the  Danes  an  integral  part  of  the 
nation:  in  company  with  Oswald,  archbishop  of  York, 
crowned  Eadgar  at  Bath,   973;   imposed    p*"*»*^  on 
Badgar  for  incontinence;   sympathised  with  the  Bsna* 
diotine  movement  and  the  abtdition  of  seoolar  monastariss : 
formulated  ecclesiastical  disdiriine  in  the  ^Fenitentials* : 
averted  civil  war  by  crowning  Badward,  975 :  foretold  to 
King  Athelred  the  caUmities  by  which  the  naUoa  woaU 
expiate  the  murder  of  Badward.  [xri.  221] 

DUVBTAV,  alias  KrrcHDr,  ANTHONY  (1477-1563). 
[See  KiTCBnr.] 

DUNSTAH,  JEFFREY  (1759?>1797>,  *  mayor'  of 
Garrett :  brought  up  as  a  foundling ;  dealer  in  oU  wigs : 
elected,  in  1785,  mock  mayor,  aooording  to  oostom,  of  the 
Gaitett  association  for  protecting  (hurrett  oomoMm  tnm 
encroachment ;  successful  at  three  soocesaiTe  eleotionsu 

[xvLSSO] 

DUNSTAKYILLB,  Barok  (1757-1835).  [See  Bahr, 
Frakcis.] 

DTJVBTBB,  CHARLBS  (1760-1816X  miaoeUaMOOS 
writer:  B.A.  Oriel  OoUqge,  Oxford,  1770;  mral  aeaa  of 


DtWStBR 


m 


t)XTBJBL 


00b) 


:  published  works  on  the  gospels  and  an 
0)  to  demoQStnite  MQton's  obligations  to 
[q.  ▼.]  [XTi  Ml] 


SR,  HENBY  (d.  1M9X  president  of  Harrard 
iassacfaasetts :  M  JL  Magdalene  College,  Cam- 
I :  emigrated  to  America,  1640 :  president  of 
»Ile«e,  1640,  resigning  (1664)  as  an  anti-pndo- 
ooored  the  Harvard  charters  of  1649  and  1660 : 
i*s  *  Bay  Paalm-Book.*  [xri.  S81] 


SASiUEL  (1676.1764X  translator  of 
located  at  Merchant  Taylors*  School  and 
Oege,  Cambridge:    M.A^  1700:    D.D.,  171S: 

at  Salisbury,  1717-48,  of  Lincoln,  17S0 :  vicar 
i.  17n-64  ;  anthor  of  *  Anglia  Rediviva,'  1699  : 
nto  mechanical  verse  *  The  Satyrs  and  Bpistles 

1710,  pablishing  a  second  edition,  including 
:  Poetry/  1717.  [xvl.  ttJ] 


EDWARD  (1796-1873),  com- 
<.  and  hydroffrapber :  second  mAS*?r  of  H.MJ9. 
18S4:  completed  survey  of  Mosquito  coast, 
citenant  in  operations  off  Syria,  1840 :  hydro- 
asistttnt  at  the  a<lmiralty,  1848-70  :  produced 
'  Catalncme  of  Charts,  Flans,  Views,  and 
ectiOQjt,*  1060.  [xvi.  3U] 

lOBir,  WILLIAM  (d.  1489%  town  clerk  of 
ellow  of  Peterhouse,  Cambridge,   1465;  com- 
q€  Londou,  1461 ;  compiled  the  extant  *  Liber 
:  a  devoted  Yorkist.  [xvi.  S33] 

ZORKX,  JOHN  (/.  1788-179SX  artist :  of  Col- 
chibited  nnall  genre  pictures  at  the  Boyal  Aca- 
-99  :  his  son  John  was  also  an  artist. 

[xvl.  285] 
SOKHE,    JOHN,    the   younger   (1798-18SS), 
son  of  John    Dnntiiome  the   elder   [q.  v.]: 
e  painter  John  ConsUblc  [q.  v.]  ;   exhibited 
at  the  Koyal  Academy,  1837-33.     [xvi.  334] 

SOBNE,  JOHN,  the  elder  (1770-1844),  land- 
ter ;    friend  of   the   painter  John   (^stable 

[xvi.  234] 

lOUTB,  RICHARD  (1711-1775),  astronomer: 
Pembroke   Hall,  Cambridge,    and    scientiflo 

0  Dr.  Roger  Long  [q.  v.]  ;  worked  on  Long's 
ly,'  1770;  conduotel  a  survey  of  the  fens,  when 
dent  of  the  workii  of  the  Belford  Level  0)r- 

pnbli^iherl  *The  Practical  Astronomy  of  the 
ID,  afid  asai^med  to  the  Rcocleration  of  the 
on  uHttion  the  secular  rate  of  10" :  expert  in 

on  the  basis  of  medisval  observations. 

[xvi.  236] 
}V.  JOHN  (1659-1733),  bookseller:  educated 
irch,  but,  being  of  a  restless  temperament,  was 
d  to  a  bookseller :  emigrated,    and  wandered 
Sngland,  learning  sometliing  of  Indian  customs  ; 

in  London:  ist»aeil  the  'Athenian  Gazette,* 
ibltshed  *  The  Dublin  Scuffle,'  narrating  rambles 

to  which  domestic  discomforts  impelled  him, 
lished  *  Life  and  Errors  of  John  Dunton,'  1705  : 
>xfovd  and  Bolingbroke  in  *  Neck  or  Nothing,* 
large  number  of  political  satires:  is.sued 
ism,  or  the  New  Projects  of  John  Dunton,* 
le  a  fruitless  appeal  for  recognition  (1733)  to 

[xvi.  336] 

IT,  GAINSBOROUGH  (1754  ?-1797).  portrait- 
id  mezzotint  engraver:  nephew  of  Thomas 
igh  [q.  v.]  ;  first  exhibited  at  the  Royal 
1790  :  engraved  in  mezzotint  from  portraits  by 
agh  :  painted  landscapes  in  the  style  of  Ponsxin. 

[xvi.  238] 
IT,  JAMES  (1606-1679),  master  of  Magdalene 
>mbridge :  son  of  John  Duport  [q.  v  J  ;  eiluoated 
jwter  School  and  Trinity  College,  (5ambridge  ; 
rrinity,  1637 :  M.A.,  1630 ;  regius  professor  of 
9-64 :  prebendary  of  Lincoln,  and  archdeacon 
641 ;  L«dy  Margaret's  preacher,  1646 ;  ejected 
professorship  by  the  parliamentarians,  1654; 
r  of  Trinity  (College,  Cambridge,  from  1656 ; 
plain,  snd  again  regius  profevior,  1660:  D.D., 

1  of  Peterborough,  1664 :  master  of  Magdalene 
ambridge,  1668:  vice-chancellor,  1669:  bene- 
Magdalene  0>llege  and  Peterlx>rough  grammar 
lis  works  consist  of  translations  into  Greek 


of  parts  of  the  Old  TMtament,  Latin  lectures  on 

TheophFsistas,  a  '  Homeri  Onomologia,'  1660,  and  Latin 
poems.  [zvL  239] 

DVPORT,  JOHN  (<!.  1617),  bibUoal  teholar:  of  Nor- 
man extraction :  M.A.  and  fdlow  of  Jesus  College,  (Cam- 
bridge, before  1580 :  rector  of  Fulham,  1688  ;  precentor  of 
St.  Paul's,  1586 :  D.D. ;  master  of  Jesus  College,  1690 : 
four  times  vice-chancellor  of  Cambridge,  and  (1609)  pre- 
bendary of  Ely ;  one  of  the  translators  of  the  bible  (1611). 

DVPPA,  BRIAN  (1688-1662X  bUbop  of  Winobester; 
educated  at  Westminster :  student  of  (Christ  Church,  1606, 
and  fellow  of  All  Souls'  College,  Oxford,  1612 ;  M.A., 
1614:  D.D.,  1625:  dean  of  Christ  (%nroh,  1629-88:  vice- 
chancellor,  1682  and  1688 :  chancellor  of  Salisbury,  1684; 
tutor  to  the  Prince  of  Wales  and  the  Duke  of  Gloucester : 
bishop  of  Chichester,  1688-41 :  bishop  of  Salisbury,  1641 : 
corresponded  with  Sheldon  and  Sir  Edward  Hyde  on  the 
re-establishment  of  episcopacy,  1669:  bishop  of  Win- 
chester, 1660 :  lord  almoner ;  benefactor  of  hisoollcgeB  and 
bishoprics.  [ztL  242] 

DVPPA,  RICHARD  (1770-1881),  artist  and  author: 
student  of  the  Middle  Temple,  1810:  LL.B.  Trinity 
Hall,  Cambridge,  1814:  F.S.A. :  published  the  *Llfe  and 
Literary  Works  of  Michael  Angelo  Boonarotti,'  1806, 
*  Classes  and  Oniers  of  Botany,'  1816,  and  other  works. 

[xvL  248] 

DVPUn,  THOMAS  SANDERS  (1788-1796),  mosl- 
dan  :  M.RJ3.M.,  1768 :  organist  and  composer  to  the 
Chapel  Roysl,  1779-96 ;  Mus.  Doo.  Oxford,  1790 ;  composed 
cathedral  music.  [xvL  248] 

DTTEAin),  DAVID  0680-1768),  French  protestant 
minister  and  author :  bom  at  Sommiitres ;  taken  prisoner 
at  Almansa,   fighting    among  French   refugees,  1707: 

Kitor  at  Rotterdam:  sncoessively  pastor  of  Martin's 
ne  and  the  Savoy  French  ohnrelMi  after  1711 ;  F.R.S., 
1728 :  chief  works,  a  history  of  the  sixteenth  osntuiy 
(1726-9),  and  a  history  of  painting  in  antiquity,  1726, 
both  in  French.  [xvl.  244] 

DTTEAin),  SIR  HENRY  MARION  (1812-1871), 
major-general  royal  engineers ;  second  Ueotenant,  Bengal 
engineers,  1828 :  blew  op  Oabul  gate  of  Qhaznl,  1889 : 
private  secretary  to  Lord  EUenboroogh,  1841 ;  oaptain, 
1843:  commissioner  of  Tfenasserim  provinces,  1844-6: 
served  In  the  Sikh  war :  political  agent  at  Gwalior  and 
Bhopal :  appointed  to  Central  India  agency,  1867 :  held 
Indore  and  reconquered  Western  Muwa,  1857:  C.B.: 
member  of  council  of  India,  1859:  foreign  secretary  in 
India,  1861 :  mnjor-general  and  K.C.S.I.,  1867 :  lieutenant- 
governor  of  the  Punjab,  1870-1.  [xvL  244] 

DXrHAVT  or  DITRAVOB,  JOHN  (>l.  1660X  puritan 
divine :  denounced  in  Edwards's  *  (Jangnena  * :  cntiered  to 
discontinue  his  preaching  in  Canterbury  Cathedral,  e. 
1660 :  published  theological  worka.  [xvi.  246] 

DTJRAJB  or  DTTBFOET,  LOUIS,  Earl  of  Fbvbrbham 

(1640  ?-1709X  general :  Marquis  de  BUnqnefort  in  the 
French  peerage :  naturalised  In  EngUnd,  1665 ;  colonel  of 
the  Duke  of  York's  guards,  1667 :  created  Baron  Duras 
of  Holdenby,  1678:  English  ambassador  at  Nimeguen, 
1675 :  succeeded  as  Earl  of  Feversham,  1677 ;  submitted 
proposals  at  French  court  for  treaty  of  peace  with  Flan- 
den,  1677:  lord  chamberlain  to  the  queen,  1680;  privy 
councillor,  1685 ;  commanded  James  IPs  troops  at  the 
battle  of  Sedgemoor,  1685 :  K.G.,  1685 :  commander-in- 
chief  of  James  IPs  forces,  1686  :  voted  for  a  reveucy, 
1689.  [xvL  247] 

lyirBBAK,  Sir  BENJAMIN  (1777-1849),  Ucutenant- 
general :  captain  queen's  bays,  1794 ;  served  In  the 
Netherlands,  Westphalia,  and  (1796)  San  Domingo; 
major,  25th  littht  dragoons  :  superintendent  of  the  junior 
department  of  the  Royal  Military  (College,  1808-6  ;  major- 
general  in  the  Portuguese,  and  colond  In  the  English, 
army,  1813:  K.C.B. :  K.C.H.,  1818;  lieutenant-governor 
and  commander-in-chief  of  British  Guiana,  1821-6,  of 
Barbados,  1835-9 :  lieutenant-general,  1887  :  G.03.,  1840; 
governor  and  commander-in-chief  of  the  Oape,  184S-7 : 
occupied  Natal,  1843 :  died  at  Montreal  In  oommuid  of  the 
forces  in  Canada.  [xvi.  SM] 

STJEEL,  JOHN  (1685-1688X  dean  of  Windnr;  en- 
tered Mertoo  OoUege,  Oxford,  1640 ;  MUL  of  tlw  ^jlvnaiMi 


of  OaUowijud 

-•lie  [q.  r.] :  tp- 
[q.T.11. 


niTRXLL.    DAVin  (1718-1?T1), 
broke  Oolle^,  Oxfcrnl,  17&S;  Mlow,fl 

|»lo(Hert!onl  Oollfge;  I>,D„    IJM  i    i.imroi  jimuumi,- 

pnbendmr;  of  Ouiterbiuy.  ITS? :  Tioe-cbitncellor  of 
Oiford,  17<«  ud  1767  ;  pnbLlibal  worlci  Including  -Tbe 
Hebrew  Teit  of  the  Panllel  Prcii>hiKl«  dT  jHoob  uid 

Anbtg  mod  AnUo  Tsnloni,  1711.  [irL  »1] 

VUXVET,  THOUAS  (lua-1793),  p«t  ud  dnun^ 
tilt  i  nnsiinj  faiown  h  *  Tom  Durfey '  ;  by  (le«eDt  « 
Fnocta  naguenet ;  wrote  ■  bomliutlc  tn^ed;,  entitlid 
*  TIk  Bie«  of  Mempbli,*  lfl7A ;  pradaaBd  *  UHdam  Fickle,' 
IMI.Uid'TlKTiitaoai  WUe,'l«80i  UmpoonHl  by  Tiini 
finwn  (I«<1-17M)  [tlv^l„i_"Y**«?.'^Rj5!}5'?_^ 
comadir.  IMW :  ■nthor 


),  IMS,  HI 


h  prlry  conDoUlOT.  lit' :  fo 
1M7 ;  dnmCfld  to  the  Prenc 
Ijon  of  the  Scottilli  csUvlio 
IStTj  HtDBrt'i  Ttilflaai  ■■ 
bntlflsl,  1H9.  [iTl 

DVRIS.  JOHN  (d.    1187),  BootUib  jwilt: 


attonptcd  U 


tn  ot  dlrtnitjr, 

™«-,nnoriwlrt,'01r 

Impreflied  Onmvell 


(iai4-lg77X  KulpUr; 


DITRHAK, 

u  tbe  Bojal  Aisdcmj,  mi 


PCRARLB3  HBSDBRSON 

OALDERWOOD  (17«l-I8t>>,  udmlml:  utbtg-lleotaunt 
of  Cbe  Vlotoi;.  17B1 1  HTnd  fnan  Um  iliiking  of  tbe  Boytl 


tbeoliiglaU  tr 
_    Ohrlttbui    □DlC)'.    iDcaadiDg   'Minltre     d'EipUqov 
'Apocil^H.'  1S74.  [iTl.  Ml) 

DUKtZ,  ROBERT  (Il«t-1B1«),   prcabjptarlu  ml^» 
'  '->in  Daric  (ISIJ-IMO)  [q.  T.] :  r'---'  -•  ■" 


BlHtor.  1MB ;  pab 


'<  OoTlEKe.  St.  Andrew! 


PU«hl™,ls 
bulBliod  (IBM)  Ii 


id  OhriBtiviliIng  mlieloq,  II 


Qeorge.  ITSt ;  pment 

OS  Gape  Spiirtel;  broOEbl 


Lejden.  [itI.  Wt] 

SUKRTOXD,  ANTHONY   WILLIAU    (ISW-lSTl), 
ond.  rof'l  enviiunn  :  Hcond  Ueaieunt,  rtqtl  m- 

Sneen,  1M8  ;  iwrred  In  Oejlon,  l""  "  ■   — '--' — '   — 
■lU:   —'-    ■"" '-' 


,  WILLIAM  (Wll-1«MX  dtito-:  M,A. 
IL  Oxford.  ISU ;  preubcr  it  Che  Rolla 
■    al  Irani  hl»llTlng  of  Tndingtoo 


lKS~ai ;  pabllabnd  ■  Ufa  ol  Robert  HhtU,  D.S. 


BerkBhlra.  and  cbaplKln  Co  JuncA,  di 


mnUIFOIU),  THOHAItD  (ISOI-lWt).  blibop  e< 
lebeMer;  eduatad  nt  Blon  mid  T/tfiMlm  Colkte. 
*~~'  '  ine  of  the  foanden  of  the  Oxford  Ui^oo,  sod 

wM  nut  prreldent,  '■""-   *'  '     *=**-  *-■» "-- 

dalen  OoUege,  1  K^H.  t 


M.A.  1917:  feUom 

If  Iddleton,  Luoubtn,  1«H- 


t :  pobliatal  lennoae.      [iTl.  US] 


n  of  Hu 

187a-Q&.  L'>"Pl'i'  ^ 

OTTKRO,  JAMBB   (WMir~17ge),  hWorlcal  pi 

united  hli  numter.  Benjamin  Wca^  In  pKparlnB 

I  ot  hia  plotuna ;  member  of  Ux  aocletT  ot 


I  ponted  Amite :  died  at  RonifL 


DUBWAKD 


lUKWAMD,  ALAN.  Bin.  or  AT 
n  M  Ai^Tin  Onuuiicn,  Hn*runii; 
B'  (A  IJM):  jBitiiifu  of  Bootter 
r  al  Urn  Ba«U>h  putr  atter  tte 


italta  (IS4S)  of 


bM  cfalUnD  ^  >  luUmI  ductato'  ot  Aleundn  II 
hBlilim^il  IMI ;  Sad  to  RnsUnd,  IM* :  nuendel 
DBrrlUoahliaMeimwiMUIlomllU;  nKmbnoUbB 
ant  tUKxatSl  (ppoliitad  imdeT  ■nclbb  uuploca  to  gDinii 
BcoUud  tar  Hno  nm,  »H;  igmln  Uffa  janicur. 
UH:  dMiM  I7  ^BTT  m  tnm  tlw  coiurquimcH  of 
1  !».-*—  nri  ngw  unti-Biigllih  pallor,  I'M  ;  one  or  tbe 
(aB-to^etttT  nt«itic«SaotUnd,1M0;  biiol  AtboU 


DMllV  kprtint :  pot  op  bUli  oa  Uiedoan  of  Hictar  OitlK- 
4nl  doi^K^iiK  the  BmiHi  (mtbnlk  dmtriiis  dchcIihI 
ttoctHMdnouKuUclilt.  [iAhh] 

ajfT,  (k.IVU  (ITM-ISITV 


irtw  »Ticl  mrthQloBlCHl  flgurw  (Mh*  ind  Mrioigeri,  for 

hlcfa  be  ii  doubUnllr  nM  In  twn  smp[OTBl  lullu) 
xxlellen.  [itI.  171] 

SWIffHT,  ?AMDBL(l«W?-1TJT).pbyrii4ui;  naet 
obn  Dwlghl  [q,  T.] ;  alDcaUd  U  WntmlDiMi  Sehool 
-•  —  ^'  -      -.'-..  M.A.,1B1S:  i-R.o.p,ir- 


un  :  pabllibel  '  De  HjdrDpJbiu.'  IIU, 

•olfa.  un.  ITI] 

fa,orinoni  properly  Ll[WT»   »P  KBTI 

?).ileput7-lie™Ia  lor  Will.  (IMW)  lad 

"*-"  ~'   pedlgraefi,  lutaiponal  with 


ukd  piuilib 

■l«iiiif>iinll«<iil.  >|inn»i1ni  tii  nnnirMnn  inapram. 
[.rt.aS9] 
1,  LOim  (IIN-ISU),  dlplODtttUt  mal  wta 

v._..  ,  otapuu,  to  (he  embMSj  « 

-^^- __rtTortB.17»Ct-».Dll7S3-e: 


iuia(iT»a-ii 

._ ^ Snk*o<Nocl 

itBadaB,  ItM;  UifaKkiKi^ha  to  the  UBf,  ud  F.R.a  : 
■■^■m  niuiiUiy  to  LOnl  WaUaghuu'i  nnbui;  u 
M>.  int,  b«  dU  Kit  Mtulb  BO,  WkbUigliui'i  sp- 
pM^nt  brfv  oaacdlid;  idlMd  I^dbniU.  176*.  nai 
l*MkilOeM)-IUaoln*d1mVoTDnarqDl«npDBe':  ,  „ soiKr, uu om 
>nM  iIb  wirtB  (IB  Blencj  lOd  phUoaopUisl  topto,  u,ri>  ud  Albert 
•UAtpiiandandanawh.  [it1.i<8] 

DVTIL,  CRABUS  AU>KH  (1808-1871),  painter  ;  | 
sUHM  DBtnltB  --■   — -'—  -■- —  -  ■'-   " — ' 


poenu  b7   bliDRlt,  ven  edited  by 
Mcyrlck  [q.  r.]  In  1MB.     TnTuoripU 

SWTXK, 

pn>T«d  BmtDe 

180S:  Hntmced  10  tnurpartaUoa.  dflnc,  I 

Ontun.  before  loTlnK  Briuln,  thaagb,  ■eooidlng  to 

Ron,  he  ne  BDbKqDeatly  for  elerm  jtaa  btoh  w*™teh^ 

o(  Bydney.  (itI.  |TT1 

DTOX,  AI£XAXDBR07g»-lM>).  Bbolw:  tdmtad 
M  ibe  Edlnbuigh  Hlgb  aebool  and  fiiMer  Ocillaga.  Oi- 


[rrt.  »7«1 
IBM),  IrWi  Inurnit; 
8  >nd  IBOI,  but  £hp- 


I  worl^lT^DDM  Su- 


ISM,  ainon 

,  SoDtta  KeutDgton.  [itLI77] 
DTOB,   WILLIAM  <1B06~18M),  petnti 


9UTAI.,  PHIUP  (d.  170* t).  painter; 
■nnwall^ ;    eetttad   in   ^lani,  t.   ie70i    iniuisu   • 
prtoi*  of  ^  Tcnoa  nedi^i^  mun  Tokwi  tbe  inmor  for 
A(B^'  l«n:  nerinduanmlty  troB  tin  Hon.  Robert 
Kl|^[q.*.l  (XT1.J71] 

nVTAL,  BQBBBTnM4-ITn),p^ter:  bom  ■!  the 
Bifoa;  aiantar rf iniHaninri oolfectinM :  aent  otrIo 
fVhiiil  M  MriM  In  -I— "luff  ind  repairing  Ripfasel'ii  . 
wt«an*:dlnetara(IlHH^ueAcBdem;r-      [iitI.  ns] 

DWAXBH,  Bn  FOBTCKATUB  WILLIAM  LILI,BT     '^ 
(ITM'lMcn,   lawTv:   bom   In  Jamaln ;  edootad 
katbr  and   Untivil^   College,   Oihnil;    B.A.,   l»js;     -"^ 
twTlBor,  Vlddk  Tmpia.  1811 ;  oonunlHlDur  10  Inquire     Lttlx 
WvlawolVat  IiidiM,UM:  knighted.  IBW;  muter  of  „. 

ttcqgHB^bneta:  tiaMoierotllH  MliUle  Temple,  IBIB:  _i„!ii 
r-K^:  r.&A,;  Ttae-ia^deatafUwARhieoiasteiilAuo-  l?ySz 
etdta:  iBtbor  of  ■!  0«ienl  TratlH  on  Btalata,-  "^^ 
1U»-1.  n^  boBki  on  tiB  Uir  ol  Ub  Wart  Indie). 
■  ADMTld,aBal  ol  Bon*  ■  (dnott.  ISII),  and  -SDnH  New 
"^^ 1  ■  aa(«e<ted  Kcr  Theory  ■■  to  the  Aotbonblp     ^^ 


ond  nport.  '  gr^t-grandBon  of  one  Walter  Relshard.  a  natlTe  of 

iTi.  973]      I  barg.  who  became  utmp  of  BUdhaua  nods'  tbe  Hofnl 

mluiS"'.     molber.iheBeeum  Sombre.  1MB;  chevalier  of  theordcr 

imottTfor     "'  01iri>t:   M>.,  Budbarj,  IMl ;  uuwated  tor  bribery, 

rd  ft  ref  ataUoo  of  tbe 


ibar^ea  of  loDkcy  pies 
tndertAkei)  la  the  bopi 

LttempUng  to  rvpoH 


Colloge  or  Broadpllel 
rt  by  &  Bari  oi  I0IOH 


i-n»0)[q.T.l:iBBi 


DTER.  GILBBRT  (1'*»-1SS0),  »ritiqii»rT  •nil  b 
rlLtr ;  fnrmel  ooUecCion  of  thnlogLoal  warb  »ben  b 
tUa  at  EttUr :  inbUibcd '  A  lltnonUon  ol  ttae  Am 
ialesol  bwEnwIiie  Niimeg  on  tbe  Hlvsn.  BIU^  A 


STZS,  SiH  JAMBS  {in It- If 93).  lodge;  hnrriile 
MkldK  Xanple,  r.  IIJT  i  K.V.,  OuibridKwbire.  IMi 
klng'a  Kt)cuit  ami  kal|tatad,  IBGl ;  U.P.,  Oiuubriilit 
Bhln  umI  ipcAksr  of  tho  HodH  of  Oomnuuu,  UBS  ;  jiKl^ 


TiTi.jJa]'^ 


DTZR,  JOHN'  (1700  )'17M),  poM  :  tddcitid  at  Weil- 
mlnatcr  Scbogt :  itlDanuiB  arU>t  id  SoaCb  Wain,  publbh- 
Lnghis  p«ai  ol  ■  Orongar  Hill  ■  in  17S7  ;  HuOled  palnlinf 
Id  Italy ;  nCiinwd  to  BnglanJ  uid  bdd  Tarioa>  llvinga ; 
LUB.  Oamhridgi!,  i;sa ;  pubUahfd  ■  The  Flam.'  1767. 

SYZS,  JOSRPH  OHBsaEiiitotroB  (iTRa-ia7i}.  lu- 

tmtor:  born&tStoiuil&^oaPaliit.Caiii)9itluut ;  davDlai 
hlmulf  to  natn^UlB^  American  Invention*  In  Enirlaad; 


office  appointmej 


STXR,   THOMAS  RBNItT  (lSM-ieS9).  t 


ry  of  tbe  Kiu^  of  Rome,'  l&OB, 
lUhr;  LLJJ.  at,  Andrewi ;  eii 


d  iiibwqflently  at  Cbc 
1.  1U9;   publlihrd  t,' 

- — - — ^   -,— — , ,  ™    Jlterary    rtjle  thoK 

BUDJUI.  [Jl 

DTTBIO  (d.  ni),    [See  DUBRICIUB.] 
DTOOV,   JOHN   (Jl.  Itll),   BeneillcUiie   i 
mnaidap  ;  Una.  Bac,  Oxford,  Ibli :  poa^bty  pr 


Jalin'l  OollKe,  Ounbtlilcii  HM ; 
"-'lege,  ItN  J   fcUow  o(  aldi —  "- 

liitcT  ot  Oognibiill,  Bmo 

rMloa  nfDMd,  Uwogli  la 

1 ;  pabUahed  ttmlocigal  tn 

SZXE.  DANIXL  (1617  0«U).  bapun  dim 

Jeremiah  Dyke  [q  -■"■  "  ■  °" — "-" 

tHklKti  not«« 


.  ,  ,.  Mng'aoli 

loku  [q.  v.] :  knIgbt-baiuvrA: 

^ ,  --M,  lein,  and  INM :  ehaiai'BU 

ion>  ol  Blcbard  III.  HenrrTU,  uid  Hsuy^"'' 

"     '  "  of  Toonny.  [irLMll 

STXOEE.  ROBBBT  (d.  ItU),  un  ol  Hr  BgM 
DrmoXe  tq,  v.l :  ImprlMnal  forreoannermtUnnb. 

DTHOXE,  Sir  THOWAi)  flllS'-UTl)  ;  aldad  b 
bnithn'-ln-law.SirBobenWells.liiFolle^iuialamcaitrtu 
force  ta  Unoolnibln,  UZl  ;  tabwlad.  1471.    [itL  Nt] 

DTKONS,  JOSATHAN<179«-lBM),qa»tarn»nlM; 
foindEd  an  aaElUary  pnoe  NxHcty  at  Kveter.  IBIS:  chW 
yiark.  •  EHari  on  tbe  Piinolplea  of  Uoralitr  and  m  Uk 
PrlTsU  and  Pnlltlcal  Rl^ta  ami  Obtigmtlona  of  X 
(pobliahed  1820),  written  agalmt  Pal*j'a  r-""—' 


^  of  a  paean  ]ti(i?  In  frelaod ;  Bel  bi  Antwerp  b* 
icQtnoLifl  devena  of  faer  father ;  overtainn  un  al 

UTOTT,  WILLIAM  a7n-1817).  gennal ;  Ileal 
th  reiclBicnt.  17BJ ;  Bia)or,  IMol  regiment,  ITW 
mjiOiA  teth  renliiient  at  captnn  of  Groiada, 
alimel  \eO0;  aidr-de-caDip  lo  George  in,  IKOl 


IIT8AST.  fit 

flLLliM.] 

STBAXT,  QoiniTras  or  (li.  les:).  Sn  Uimui. 
;liubetk.] 

HTSON,  OHARLB?  (17l»-tSSD).  profenai  ot  Ai^fr 
aion  at  Oilord  ;  graod^^on  of  Jemnlab  Djwai  [q.  •.) ; 
jhuUr  of  Corpiia  Christl   CSollfge.  Oiff-"      ^-  -•  -■ 


«fttrQ«rgg  DTi  ■Mloii ;  lUnDtiBiiid  tlia  pnoIlM  ol 
■mas  tin  ElFTbhlpa  BboidlBUa  to  bK  oOoa  i  M.P„  Tn- 
aooth.  Ilia  al  Wlfbt,  i;«t-a,  WaTmooUi  ud  lUopmbi 
lacl*,  inS-T4.  ud  HonhuB,  im  ;  (OmiilHlana  lor  tlu 
Mud  s(  tnla,  IT«4-a :  ■  lord  of  Uh  tnury,  lI»8-7< ; 
pBiT  eoBncillor.  1774 ;  Mppotted  Loid  Kortta'a  tnU- 

(tkt  oMqnlWM  a«tv  itair*  In  Imk  BlckmUiffe'i  ■  Pad- 
lK±')fnm  hU  omidpziaaiDa  In  pftTUBmentAry  boaliutf ; 
Miiliid  Aknild*^  ■FtoMona  o(  ImaglnMloD'  ■csliul 
Vutmtot.  [itL  tM] 


DTTX,  Sn  LIWIB  Clon-lW*),  ronllit;  knlfhtid, 
HO;  ■tuiid^PMiiceObuiHUHi>d[U;l[f„Bridport. 
aw,  leie,  WajinoDth.  lUB ;  umtal  bj  Hothui,  nrsBor 
(  KoU.  for  oomptimsj  with  alUmat*  dbtoec  of  nifinlMliic 
nurin  I  Into  thftt  bnrD.  1B4B  :  fl«L  to  HoUuid  ;  ntonud, 

Woruiur,  l»Ui  tMcbt 


fODcrml  ca  Donot,  1044,  AtorwUf 
pilwtud  la  tlw  TovHT,  lUI-T :  i 
UiUag  (ItM)  u  uoHuit  or  cm 


>,  JOBS  a«U  T-1S97),  muUi  at  OtOiMilm 

S^Oi^bridc*:  tdlow  at  OManne  Hull, 

1.  WT»-«:  DJ),  IMS:   tIcm:! 

■  ■"!;  ■ppolDMl  to  )oitil[7 


Knli.  fiT~«"c  the  ludipeodoic  kiiudain  o[ 
UMidaBdmaEIktBlbjOaiwnllol  ucroli,  7.-. 

UimaSA.  lADBiraH,  BVOOA,  oi  BUOOX. 
<l»I  (A  7H),  ibbeii  at  M liuta ;  duabln  ol  CenlwliK 
h,T.Lktwii<  (b*  W«»«uoiii :  abbea  of  Uh  nuniiccy 
inM  la  Tbuet  bj  tbi  moUie  ol  St.  UUdml. 


rmnalalcd  nut  of 


XAOLXB,  THOMAS  (1744-1811),  I 

■-"' --""—'--met  College.  17*7;  ma 

Bclitol;  F.a.i^l811 : 

(Ln '  Felki  yftrley'i  BriKt^il  Jonmal  ^J,  uid 
im  tbc  Banlef  ttnOmtrtj. 

ULDOLF  (d.  1001).    [SHALDDLr. 

BUDS,  JOHN  (d.  1744),  dlBmtlnt 
■t  Uocbuit  Tmylon'  Sotuol :  tliwlDglc4l  U 
Pund  Addemy.  Uoorfleldi:  F.R.S..iiiiil[riendot  . 

"rt 'KnowtadgBolUwHwTeDi 

[itL  »1B] 


„ DiSSsBUMion  rHrtnltj 

blLOkwo*.  lStS-7C;  LI-D.  Qlugciv,  1B44 :  D.D.St. 
iZScv^UM;  uoitntaral  irnod,  1U7:  uttwr  ol  ■ 
pamlM  -Wucsl  CjclopKidk,'  i«4a,  vod  u  '  AulrUn^ 

^Mo^na,' ISM  1  patdUad  oommmtubi  on  ttw  anek 


ber  dixiff bter 

UBSLXT,  Sm  CULLING  BARDLBT  <lSO*-ieM> 
iriiEioaipfaUBattiniplBl:  edooUal  itBtaaud  OriHOol- 
liSoiIorl;  MJ*,  Pontrirmcl.  IBM;  ioamled  Ui; Bmn- 
|2ical  AlUuioe,  184*.    UDdn  bli  dlnctkn  tto  JUUaoo* 


BABDWITLF 


eitnardiDUT  to  UeQrge  ill :  prntdent  or  the  CoUagi  oT 
8aniKiH  uid  knlghtol.   ItlUS  :    lithalonusl ;   Inpnnol 
il  hydiooek;  chkl  work,  '&  TnatlK  ~~  "~ 
IWl.  [     ■ 

E,  JOHK  OMIMMB),  Wtbop  of 
-  Untan  College.  Oxford,  uid  fdlow.  ' 
t-   TBitor   of    BiiUoiaUii,   WUtaUlIs,   18 
X  of  WiUte.  IMl ;  S.D.  OifO] 
eipecUvlty  Appointed 

chipUli 


Onlnnl^,   ISU  ud  1 


SASTIiAKE 


881 


BOOAKDT 


■BBicteiy  of  tbt  Fine  ArU  Oomminlcn ;  ooBunlakMitr  for  i 
tfae  tThihition  of  18f  1 :  prMldant  of  th*  lUfnl  Aowkmy,  ! 
lUO-«»:  dinolor  of  tbe  Nsttonal  QftUeiT.lSM:  ditdftt 
Pitt;  F.11JB.   and   booonuy  D.OX.  Oxford;   pabli»b«d 
*  Materials  for  tbe  HisUny  of  Oil-painting/  tome  books  of 
art  oriticimi,  and  a  tranalatton  of  Ooathe's  'Theory  of  , 
Oolooxv,*  IMa  [xtL  SSO] 

IA8TLAKZ.  SLIZABBTH.  Lady  (1809-1893),  an- 
thoRM  :  dai«bter  of  Bdward  Rigby  (1747-1821)  [q.  v.] ; 
tcavellal  in  Gennaiiy  and  Rowia,  and  publiabed,  1841, 
'  A  Rendenoe  on  tbe  Shores  of  the  Baltic ' ;  contributed, 
from  1842,  nmneroae  articles  to  *  Quarterly,'  in  one  of 
which  (1M8)  abe  attacked  *Jane  Blyre*;  married  Sir 
Cfaariea  Lock  Eastlake  [q.  y.},  1849.  Her  works  include 
tnnslatksi  of  Waagen's  *  Treasures  of  Art  in  Great 
Britain^*  lflM-7,  *  Fire  Great  Painters,'  1H8S,  and  a  revised 
eiiUoB  of  bar  hosbaiMl's  issue  of  KUgler's  *  Handbook  of 
fluorinf:  Italian  Schools,*  1874.  Her 'Journals  and  Gorre- 

1896.  [SuppL  ii.  178] 


WILLIAM  id,  1847  ?X  dissenting 
_.  .  pastor  at  Kirkby  Moorride,  Yorkshire ;  pub- 
two  tbaologioo-mocal  esesort,  also  (18S4)  *  Historia 

[XTLSS3] 


..  ADAM   id,   1S97X   cardinal;   of  humble 
doctor   in    theology,   Oxford :    erroneously 
described   a«   bishop  of  Hereford  or  of  London ;    car- 
diBal-pricat  after  1381;  nominated  by  papal  prorision 
to  tbe  daneiy  of   York,   138S;    thrown   into   a   dun- 
goon  at  Kocom  bj  Urban  II  for  being  ooocemed  in 
cba  cardinab*   plot   against  the   pope's  despotic   rule, 
138ft :  ULeiated  by  the  interrentioD  of  Richard  II,  but  de- 
Siadad  from  tbe  cardinalate ;  reinstated  bj  Boniface  DC, 
13M ;  piebcndaxy  of  Salisbury  before  1S9S ;  incumbent  of 
Hodiam ;  died  at  Rome.  Of  his  numerous  writings,  among 
wfa&eb  maj  be  mentioned  *Perfectlo  Yltee  Spiritualis '  and 
*  Htiraki  aaranwii,*  none  are  extant.  [xri.  S8S] 

liBT-SAXOHB,  Knios  of.    [See  Skbkrt,  d.  616  ?  ; 

BKDOED,  iL  CM  :  SIOKBKBT,  JL  626  ;  SIOKBXRT,  / .  663 ; 
8»llBU,iL  6ift :  8BBBI,  tf.  696  ?  ;  Siqharo,/.  696 ;  OrVA, 
JLTM :  SKLBBD,  d.  746 ;  SiGBUED,/.  799.] 


TbepphUns  Baton  [q.  ▼.] ;  educated  at  Westmiaater  and 
Trinity  College,  Cambridge :  emigrated  to  America,  1M7 ; 
preaidentKlerignate  of  HanrardOoUege,  1638-9 ;  dismissed 
by  order  of  the  oourt  at  Boston  for  cruelty  to  his  pnpUi 
and  ushers,  1639;  doctor  of  philoeop^  and  rifdHiM*, 
Padua,  1647 ;  vicar  of  Bishops  Castle,  ^ropahire,  1661 ; 
rector  of  Bideford,  1668 ;  died  a  prisoner  for  debt  in  the 
king's  bench.  [xri.  337] 

EATOH,  SAMUEL  (1696  ?-1666X  independent  divine: 
MJL.  Magdalene  CoUege,  Cambridge,  16S8;  brother  of 
Theophilns  Baton  [q.  v.] ;  colleague  of  John  Davenport 
[q.  v.]  at  New  Haven  ;  returned  to  England  (1640)  for  the 
purpose  of  gathering  a  company  to  nettle  Toboket*  but 
did  not  go  back  to  America ;  assistant  to  the  parliamen- 
tary commissioners  of  (Theshlre  ;  an  iniluential  preacher ; 
teacher  of  a  congregational  church  at  Dukinfldd,  ClieHbire ; 
wrote  against  the  Socinians  and  quakers.         [xvL  338] 

EATOV,  THBOPHILUS  (1690  7-1668X  fint  governor 
of  New  Haven ;  friend  of  J(^n  Davenport  [q.  T.Jt  at 
New  Haven ;  deputy-governor  of  tbe  East  Land  (Com- 
pany ;  agent  of  Charles  I  to  the  court  of  Denmark ; 
original  patentee  and  magistrate  of  Massachusetts,  1629  ; 
founded  settlement  of  New  Haven,  1638;  annually  re- 
elected governor  of  New  Haven,  1639-68 ;  drew  up  the 
*  blue '  code  of  laws,  so  named  from  its  whinvicality  and 
severity  (printed  1666) ;  treatad  Dutch  and  Indiaiu  fairly 
and  prudently.  [xvL  340] 


.,  EDWARD  BACKHOUSE  (1814-1883X 
wittaliet  and  diplomatist;  educated  at  Charterhouse 
wA  MertoD  CoUege,  Oxford ;  given  political  employment 
teKsltlawar  and  Sindh ;  prousaor  of  Hindustani  at  the 
iHtlndia  OctkBge,  HaOeyhaxj,  1846 ;  assistant  political 
■enfesvy  at  tbe  India  Ofllce,  1889 ;  barrister.  Middle 
Tbqile,  1860 ;  aeoreUry  of  legation  to  the  Persian  court, 
lW-3;  eommiasioner  for  arranging  a  Yenezndan  loan, 
IM  and  1387;  03.:  M.P.,  Penryn  and  Falmouth, 
IHtt-74:  tranalated  SaWs  'Qulistan,*  1862,  and  some 
Biadastani  clasaioB,  bealdeB  writing  woite  dealing  with 

[XVL334] 


EASTWOOD.  JONATHAN  (1824-1864),  topographer ; 
JU.  St.  John's  C/oUege,  (lambridge,  1849 ;  incumbent  of 
Hope,  Staffordshire ;  wrote  a  *  History  of  the  Parish  of 
Jedesfldd  in  the  Omnty  of  York,'  1863,  and  a  •  Bible 
Woid-book,*  published  1866.  [xvl.  336] 

BATA(tf.  686).bisbop  of  Hexham  and  Lindisfame; 
diKiple  of  St.  AJdan  and,  in  661,  abbot  of  Melrose :  con- 
aerated  biafaop  of  tbe  Bemicians,  678 :  Usbop  of  Lindis- 
'vae  alooc,  and  sobaequently  of  Hexham  alone,  bis  see 
kving  been  divided  in  68L  [xvi.  336] 

[See 

DAKIEL  ISAAC  id,  1814%  booksdler;  in- 

Aetid  ftar  aaOfaif  tbe  seoood  part  of  Pirine's  *  Rights  of 

O.  aaS  "  "  


EATOV,  Mm.  CHARLOTTE  ANN  (1788-1869). 
Wau>ib.] 


ITVS,  and  tor  a  sappoaed  Ubd  on  George  III  in 
*BBiMfla  for  tbe  People,'  1794,  bat  acquitted :  fled  to 
I— ina.  and  was  ootlawed,  1796 ;  tranalated  Hdvetius's 
*Ttaa  SsDaa  and  Meaning  of  tbe  System  of  Natuia,'  1810 ; 
pmoried,  1812 :  tried,  lor  publishing  *  Eooe  Homo,'  1813, 
DOti  bdqf  an  old  man,  was  not  brought  up  for  judgment. 

rxvl.386] 
BAXOV,  JOHN  (A  1<(19X  <^t^*»« :  H. A.  Trinity  dol- 
k«B,  Oxford.  1603;  vloar  of  Wiokham  Market,  Suffolk, 
liOi-lt ;  derived,  aa  a  snspeeted  antlnomian,  1619 ;  im- 
laisuusJ :  paUislied  worics  sndoding  *  Tbe  Honey-Combe 
of  Fne  JnattflcaUon  by  Christ  alone,'  1642.     [xvi.  336] 

XAXOV,  NATHANIEL  (1009?-1674X  presidentKle- 
aiffiiate  of  Harvard  OoUegc^  Maasaohnsetta ;  brother  of 


or  JBBBB,  Saint  {d.  679  ?X  abbess  of  (Mdlng- 
ham;  daughter  of  ^thelfrith,  king  of  Northumbria; 
founded  monastery  at  Ebchester  on  the  Derwent;  abbess 
of  0>kiingham,  Berwickshire,  a  mixed  monastery  of 
monks  and  nuns,  which  was  burnt  down  in  679  aa  a 
divine  punishment  on  the  disorderliness  of  ita  *'*"^»y*. 
according  to  the  dream  of  a  monk  named  Adamnan ;  said 
to  have  healed  Queen  Eormenburh  of  a  malady  caoaed  by 
demoniacal  possession.  [xvL  341] 

EBBA  ijl.  870),  abbess  of  Coblingham  when  tbe 
house  was  destroyed  by  the  Danes.  [xvi.  342] 

EBDOH,  THOMAS  0738-1811),  organist  of  Durham 
Cathedral,  1763-1811.  Hi«  *  Morning,  Communion,  and 
Evening  Service  in  C  *  Lb  still  occasionally  heard. 

[xvl.  342] 

EBSB8,  JOHN  (1786?-1830?X  operatic  manager; 
lessee  of  the  King's  Theatre,  opening  it  in  1821  with  '  La 
Gasza  Lodra';  produced,  with  alternate  sncoen  and 
teilnre,  representative  Italian  operas ;  sublet  the  theatre 
to  Benelli,  bitt  assistant  stage  manager,  who  abaoonded  in 
1824 ;  ruined  by  the  enormous  rent  of  the  theatre,  1826 : 
became  a  boolraeller,  publishing  *  Seven  Yean  of  the 
King's  Theatre,'  1838.  [xvL  342] 

EBOEARD  or  EYERAED  (1083  7-1160X  second  bishop 
of  Norwich  ;  archdeacon  of  SaUsbnry  in  1121 ;  consecrated 
bishop  of  Norwich,  1121 :  one  of  the  bishops  who  attested 
tbe  great  charter  issued  by  Stephen,  1136 ;  depoied,  ac- 
cording to  Henry  of  Huntingdon,  for  his  cruelty,  c  1146 ; 
built  the  church  of  Fontenay  Abbey  ;  died,  a  Cistercian 
monk,  at  Fontenay,  1160.  [xvi.  344] 

EBOBinS  or  EBUBIUS  (/.  814X  bishop  of  Ebora- 
com  or  York ;  one  of  the  tiiree  bishops  from  the  Rturum 
province  of  Britain  who  attended  the  coonoil  of  Aries, 
814.  [xTi.  346] 

EB8W0ETE,  JOSEPH  (178»-1868X  dramatist  and 
musician  ;  baritone  singer  at  Covent  Garden  Theatre ; 
aotor  and  prompter  at  the  Theatre  Royal,  Edinburgh: 
abandoned  the  stage  to  become  choir-leader  at  St.  Stephen's 
Church :  friend  of  Charles  Dibdin  the  younger  [q.  v.] ; 
author  of  numerous  short  dramas  and  a  coUeotion  <» 
songs  in  manuscript.  [s^i*  M6] 

EB8W0ETE,  MARY  EMMA  (1794-1881X dramatist; 
nie  Fairbrother;  married  to  Joeeph  Ebsworth  [q.  v.], 
1817 ;  anthorof  works  published  in  Cumberland's  *  Acting 
Drama.'  [xvL  347] 

EBXTRY,    Baron    (1801-1893).      [See    GRoevEsroR, 

ROBBRT.] 

EOOAEOT  or  EOKHAEDT,  JOHN  GILES  (Jo- 
ffAKXEB  iEoiDiUR)  (tf .  1779X  portrait-painter ;  native  of 
Germany :  succeeded  to  the  practice  of  his  master,  Yanloo ; 
painted  portraits  of  BenUey,  Gray,  and  Mrs.  WofBngton. 

[xvl.  347] 


iiiK,'ini,'Kii«Li 


I,  HKNBT  (JL  ITW),  ; 


BDSV,  OHABLBS  PAQB  aWT-USItt,  clotu] 
udedlUni  blMiialerk.O[ialCoUese.OkJai-   '  — 


Ubk  olerk.  Oiial  College.  Oxlmd.  isn ;  n.k, 
MijT'i.  Oitotd,  IMi-tO:  vn- 


XOOLZa,  JOHN  (il.  tTUX 


Iter)  UDEi  to 
»Kr  Di  mufEu  uiue'l  bsnd,  170 
blrthrift;  uii«i  (or  Uw  oonrt. 
SOLOUOH    (ltlS-l«8«),    m 


wftodered  DAkcd  through  Loo 


I.  Ud  ITMI  B«rt>JM.  lUO:  pObliltlBl  '. 


QeorgsPo 

ltDilak'Le«(vi'lMrr>^  'lbs  QtuksnOl^iaageTluii 
the  Utter  nukUig  phjikal  endniMiea  In  •pliKoal  i 


EOOLEBTDV,  TB0UA8  of  Ljt.  IMO), 
iiDdUil  >t  Oifoid  :  mn '  Ds  Ad-nmla  Fntnim  MUa- 
uin  Is  ADgUuu'  (priatfll  IBU).  [iii.  UO] 

EOCLZBTOa,  THOMAS  (lUt-lTU),  joolt;  ida- 
>tal  Bt  at  Omer  ud  tlie  BogUab  college,  Boma :  apUln 
n  JuDS  Ire  rtnoy  alter  1888 ;  prcpfeAHd  of  the  four 
rowa,  ini;  mUaloner  Id  Yorkihlrs;  chipliln  to  Lotd 


biDdMT  ol  York,  1«;0 ;  . ,  _ 

:  Lmt  R«it,-  l»u,  Andreme'i  ■P»tJ«ni  ol  CWcctaMlBil 
I  Doctrine,' l»M.  and  JenmjTiTlor'i  worta.  C'*>- M] 
ESXX,  EUILY  (17»T-iaM>,  DOTdM  and  InitilN; 
dugbUr  ot  WUlimnBdm,  Bret  buoa  AooUnud  [q.  t.]  ; 
Kconniuiitd  ber  bratte',  Oemis  Bdeu  [q.  t.1,  Ib  bdk: 
publUbed-Fonnllaof  tbe  Pnpk  and  FiIhmoI  IndW 
ISM,  •  IFp  Iba  Dountrr;  1861.  end  tn  nDi«U,-Tb*BMil- 
dMashed  Boott,'  IBH.and'Tba  Semi-Mtaohed  Ooqle,' 
IMO.  VtLtlii 

KDOr,   Bm    FBXaXBiaK    UORTOH  QW-im), 


from  tbfl  Oonq  neat  to 

r,  GBORas,  fl 


[iii.»0] 
ECRAKI).  LAUBBNOB  atm~l7K\  hlnorian: 
M.A.  Ohrjrt's  OoUess,  OaaibrU«c.  UK ;  prebandarr  of 
UaaOn,  1WT;  archdeacon  of  Stow,  1711-10;  F&A.: 
ebM  votk.  -A  Hinor;  ol  Bnglud,'  1707  and  171B ; 
tnmlats]  TEreooe  and  part  of  Plaotai,  UM,  wrlUng 
a]aonrloiiacompBi>dlilnu;tiaoilaled  D'Orleani"  Hlnory 
of  tbe  RcTolntlDui  In  England  (ItOI-lSMi '  (■rand  edttlm. 
17M>,  [ITLMl] 

tOaUX,  SOHBBT  (d.  1«I»).  hUhop  of  Down  and 
M,A.  SL  Andrawa.  lA9fi  ;  in  oharBV  of  eeooDd 
'mrf  Innrkeltblng,  IWl ;  bltbopof  Down  and 
'"  "  " "  ■"       "rtlonto  Inqmre  into  ouiiaa 

[ITI. 

H  (d.  t7M),  oompUei ;  noetTer  of  the 
lergj  In  Queen  Anne"!  Bonntj  ofllDe  i 
imUied  hie  manuKtipu  and  booki  to 

m  AiuH'e  Bonnty  Pnnd.  [itL  UI] 

aSUKat,   BlINT  (d.  7U).      [B«  BlOBDBOA.; 

mm,  MDsx, 


OH  ntm-wm), 

;.]_;  »I.A._  Chrtit  Oboitt.  Ctt 

prtnclpia  ol 

iditioD  ol  the  poor :  ehlrf  vnrli:,  ■  TIb  fitaB 
:  or  an  Hlatorf  of  the  IdbDoring  CBiMM  b 

1M«),  lUinman  and'  Frraiior^aBeral  at  India;  MOri 

Obriit  Ohnnib,  Oxiwd,  1806 ;  tarrMn,  Uaeoin^  Idl 
IN* :  itJF^  Woodiinik,  1810-11. r»«lecitid,  1811 :  iiiirti^l 
of  till  bond  of  tndaTlUa-t  — '  ■'"  ' -Ml  n»«llil  rf  III 
r,  UM;  ajOA: 
.  ^  ftiBtaa  rM 

t  prDrineei,  l«ti:  HMid  ttt 
ehaH.  M  aii>n«rrtAM|iiilM|i 

18t>:  nodlad  Iff  Ml 


ertattd  Bail  ot , 


attar  iiataa(n>pli«  nt  No» __. 

•dmlnltr,  18M:  pnaldait  ot  the  Bar*!  Adatb:  Boditj 
and  of  thB  Mnata  of  UidTBal^  (Mlege.  Londan. 

KSST,    HEHBY    (1717-IBM),  admlnl :   ooodi  <l 

the  kartln  off  the'coart  of  QTracm  daring  tbi  BnA 
nrolutloD.  lan-l :  fJag-ApUin  to  Sir  anhm  Hacn 
oammandar-ln-cbinf  at  Plymoath,  leM-U:  ^a^Of 
10Td,lS»-S:  rear-admiral,  IBM  i  admlnil.l8M. 

XDXM,  HORTOH,  tint  Bman  Hbilct  C1'*1-1>>)> 
dtplomatiit :  nalilaulatad  at  Ohrlat  Ohnreb,  OilHd, 
mO:  mliilitn  ptmlpaCanliirr  to  tba  dBtar  ol  BaTaila: 
aavOT  eitraonunaiT  at  Oopenbagai,  ITTt.  at  Dnedaa, 
ITU :  K.B„  ini :  amhantfor  ta  the  Aoatiian  aoot, 
I7ft;  prln  eeaucUIor,  17M;  earoir  ilnoiJInMT  to 
Vienna,  17M-«:  onatedHarof  Ireland •■  Bano Haalq 
of  Cbarditoot,  Domt,  1»»  i  r.K£.  [itI.  1M] 

RIOHABO  a»ir-ltl*).  tiBDdate:  ModM 
,   „_„___    « ..       i&tLu:   ,"  ■  - -— 


Fndertck  Uortoa  Mmfa 


XDIKA,  esBAKD  (lUl-iroO  TX  UttUsape-palDter ; 
naUn  ot  Frlealand ;  tnTdled  In  Qnljuia.  KorwaT.  a^ 
NavtonsillaDd  1  SUM  te  Bnslaod,  fl.  Ufa  Hk  paladiin  of 
novel  and  onkaiomi  aaDeij  earned  for  blni  the  ttue  of 
'tliaealTaMrBenol  tInHonb.-  [ivLSM] 

Btnor,  Sra  ABHLBY  (1811-1887),  Indian  official: 
third  ioo  of  Bobert  Jobs  Btai  [q.  ■•.] :  adsiiatad  at  Boshj 
and  WloebMtcr ;  DMcUtrata  at  uoonliadibad,  18U,  diiiig 

mnob  to  prerent  dUfection  there,  IP"*    .-  .^. 

govenwr  of  Bental,  IHO-Tl ;  enioj 


prlBiBt  cd 

drew'i  CatlBdiaL  InTei „„  „ 

Besttlth  OTden  b;  tbe  Btwllih  ataORfa: 


kBDln  nt  the 

0ctM*^'^|*>**"  ^awm  umHu ;  pooiianed  faanla. 

XDEir,  BOBEKT  HBKLST,  MOdol  ButOH  Bbui 
(I7g»-l«tl),  eon  of  Usrion  Man,  Bnt  buta  [a.  t.1: 
tCA-Ohtlat Church.  Oxroid,lBl«:  banMnirf  LJnocWi 

'— ■—  hi  ohaMUT,  WU-tO:  MJ,  Jawf, 

%  banbnpU?  lava  and  forlwIaMifl 

[»»l.»ll] 

ZOnr,  BOBBBT  JOHN,  tbiid  Baum  Aociuni 
an»-tB70),  Ualiop  of  Bath  anl  Wdb :  jod  ot  Vmiaa 


SDBN 


888 


EDOOUMBE 


si  tmnm  Auckland  [q.  t.]  :  M.A.  Magdalene  Col- 
alnidge,  1819 ;  D.D.,  1847 ;  ro]ral  chaplain,  1831-7, 
-47:  btabop  of  8odor  and  Man,  1847-54 :  bishop 
and  Wdls,  1854-69 ;  pablished  pamphlets  and 
loonial '  of  William,  lord  Aookhmd,  1880. 

[xTi.  S61] 
W,  THOMAS  (d.  1645X  master  of  Trinity  Hall, 
ge :  scholar  of  Trinity  Hall,  Cambridge,  1696 : 
fM:  LLbB.,  1618:  professor  of  law,  Oresham 
London,  1613-40 ;  member  of  OoUege  of  Adro- 
Docton*  Oommons,  1615 ;  LL.D^  1616 ;  M^.  for 
ft  Unirersity,  1636,  1628,  and  1640 ;  muter  of 
mtXU  1626 :  chancellor  of  Ely,  1630 ;  took  the 
■ttooal  league  and  covenant,  1644 ;  member  of 
jsaltj  committee,  1645 ;   benefactor  of  Trinity 

[xtL  361] 

I,  WILLIAM,  flnt  Baron  Auckland  (1744- 
nannan  and  diplomatist ;  edncated  at  Bton  and 
JbBTch,  Oxford:  M-A^  1768;  barrister,  Middle 

im  ;  ander-aecretary  of  state,  1772 :  M.Pn 
ek,  1774  and  1778-84 :  a  first  lord  of  the  board  of 
d  plantations,  1776 :  priry  oouncillor  of  Ireland ; 
jDosmnnoo  In  the  Inah  pariiament :  established 
Bank  of  Irdand ;  rioe-treasarer  of  Ireland,  1783 ; 
Rmcillor;  M^^  Heytesboiy,  1784;  negotiated 
Aal  treaty  with  France,  1786;  created  Baroo 
d  la  Irish  peerage,  1789 ;  conoloded  a  treaty  on 
■nent  o<  Holland  with  the  Bmperor  Leopold  and 

of  Pnuria,  1790;  ambassador  extraordinary  at 
aediuinK  the  French  rerolution :  created  Baroo 
d  of  Wast  Aaekland,  Durham,  1793;  joint  post- 
{flneral,  1798-1804,  under  both  Pitt  and  Adding* 
taladed  from  Pitt's  second  adminlstratioo,  1804 ; 
t  of  board  of  trade  in  GreavUle's  of  *A11 
flQtik'  U06-7;  published  'Principles  of  Ffenal 
7t,aad  a  *  History  of  New  Holland,'  1788. 

[xvL  362] 

M^«TW,  ALFBBD  (1 825-1888),  biblical  scholar ; 

Jewish  parents  at  Vienna;  studied  at  Vienna 
itj ;  embnoed  Ohristtanity ;  studied  theology  in 
Sb  and  Beiiin;  entered  prest^terian  ministry, 
■tacbfd  as  missiooary  at  Jassy,  Roumania ;  minis- 
ree  choroh.  Old  Aberdeen,  1848,  and  of  presby- 
borefa  at  Tocqoay,  1861-72 ;  held  liying  of  Loden, 
idpOTt,  DofBet,  1876-82 ;  Warburtonian  lecturer 
fltnlB  Inn,  1880-4;  MJL  Oxford,  1881;  setect 
rto  cmiTeni^,  1884-5 ;  Grinfldd  lecturer  on  the 
int,  1886-8  and  1888-90;  published  'Life  and 
i  Jena  the  Messiah,*  1883,  'Bible  History'  (of 
iament),  1876-87,  and  other  religious  writings. 

[SuppL  iL  175] 

i  or  SKIIBS,  RICHARD  (1555-1604X  dean  of 
er ;  edooated  at  Westminster  and  Christ  Church, 

■todeat,  1171 ;  M.A.,  1578 ;  D.D.,  1690 ;  pre- 
oC  Sarom,  1584,  of  Christ  Church  Cathedral,  1586, 
Berefocd,  1590;  treasurer  of  Hereford,  1596; 
Rfaaplain ;  dean  of  Worcester,  1697 ;  chaplain  to 
[;  prerented  by  death  from  taking  part  in  the 
ioo  of  the  bible.  [xtL  364] 


I 


r,  DAVOD  AUB,  L&  THS  OOLDBf-TOKOUlED 

ox  Weldi  bard  and  grammarian ;  said  to  hare 
1  a  Wciah  grammar  and  prosody.       [xyi.  365] 

■MM  or  SADOAB  (944-976).  king  of  the  English ; 

son  of  Eadmnnd  the  Magnificent  [see  Bdmitnd, 
i] ;  ehosm  king  of  the  land  north  of  the  Thames 
oor^beni  rebels,  957 ;  appointed  Dnnstan  [q.  ▼.] 
f  mlnSster ;  chosen  king  by  the  whole  people,  959 ; 
OD  the  rebelUoos  prince  <rf  North  Wales  a  tribute 
>  hnDdrsd  vnAyttr  heads  for  four  years,  c  968 ; 

Kocthnmbria,  966;  entrusted  the  proTlnoe  to 
be,  966;  said  to  have  purchased  the  goodwill 
M^  Unff  of  Scotland,  by  the  grant  of  Lothian ; 
BasifeBdadf-goTermDaitto  the  Danes  of  Uie  north ; 
ad  Omrald.  a  Northumbrian  Dane,  archbishop  of 
172;  ■oifimily  crowned  at  Bath,  possibly  as  an 
ittOD  of  tbeooosmnmation  of  English  ooi^,'  973 ; 
,  bomage  of  eight  British  prtnoet  at  Chester,  973 ; 
I  ^ly*"*^  witb  ibt  emparor  Otto  the Oreat;  dis- 
d  darks  in  faToor  of  Benadicttaie  monks  at  Chert- 
Itoo,  BzMler,  Ely,  Peterboroogh,  Thomey,  and 
flat  Iforcia ;  organised  a  system  of  naval  defence 
the  nmthem  pirates,  and  used  the  territOTial 
of  the  hundred  as  the  basis  of  an  efficient  police 

acoording  to  Ugcod,  was  ordered  by  Dunstan  to 


do  penance  for  inoontlnenoe ;  reports  of  the  looseneas  of 
his  prirate  life  probably  exaggerated  by  the  national  party. 
which  disliked  his  Danish  sympathies.  [xvi.  365] 

EDOAB  (1072-1107X  king  of  Scotland ;  son  of  Mal- 
colm Canmore ;  fled  to  BngUmd  on  Donald  Bane's  usur- 
pation, 1093;  placed  on  the  Soottish  throne  by  William 
Rnfus,  1097 ;  oompelled  by  the  Norwegian  king,  Magnus 
Barefoot,  to  surrender  all  the  western  iatands  round  wkiidi 
he  could  steer  a  helm-carrying  tsskI,  1098 ;  friend  to  the 
churoh.  [xvL  370] 

SDOAB  ATBKJiro  or  EADOAB  the  Afhiuno 
(/.  1066-1106X  ktng-eleot  of  England ;  son  of  Eadward 
the  Exile:  bom  in  Hiuigary;  chosen  king  by  the  two 
archbishops  and  the  northern  earls,  Badwlne  and  Morkere, 
after  Harold's  defeat,  1066 :  compelled  by  defection  of  his 
supporters  to  submit  to  William  I  (1066X  who  rvoeiTed 
him  graciously ;  took  part  in  insurrections  of  1068  and 
1069;  allied  himself  with  the  Danes,  1069;  wandered 
ab<nit  among  the  courts  of  Scotland,  Flanders,  and  France ; 
llTsd  at  William  Fs  court,  c  1074-86 ;  joined  the  Normans 
in  Apulia,  1086 ;  resided  at  the  court  of  Duke  Robert  of 
Normandy ;  led  expedition  to  SooUand  to  set  his  nephew 
Edgar  (1072-1107)  [q.  ▼.]  on  the  throne,  1097;  crusader, 
1099 ;  fought  for  Robert  of  Normandy  against  Henry  I  at 
Tenchebrai,  where  he  was  taken  prisoner,  1106 :  rdeased, 
1106.  [XTi.  371] 

EDOAX.  JOHN  (1798-1 866X  theologian  and  philan- 
thropist ;  educated  at  Olaagow  and  Belfast  unlTersities  ; 
minister  of  a  Belfast  congregation,  1820-48 ;  professor  of 
thecriogy  in  the  secession  branch  of  the  presbyterian 
church,  1826;  D.D.  Hamilton  College,  u!s.A.,  1836; 
moderator  of  the  united  presbyterian  church,  1842 ;  LLD. 
New  York,  1860;  warmly  championed  temperanc^ 
although  he  disapproved  of  teetotal  movement ;  visited 
America  to  enlist  sympathy  for  the  starving  Irish  pea- 
sants, 1869.  [xvL  378] 

SDOAB,  JOHN  GEORQE  (1834-1864),  miscellaneoas 
writer;  toavdled  on  mercantile  business  in  the  West 
Indies ;  first  editor  of  '  Every  Boy's  Magazine  * ;  published 
'The  BOThood  of  Great  Men,'  1863,  and  'Footprints  of 
Famous  Men,*  1853.  [xvL  374] 


.,  OEOBOB,  first  Earl  of  Moukt- 
Bdocumbs  (1721-1795),  son  of  Richard,  first  baron 
Edgoumbe  [q.  v.] ;  navy  lieutenant,  1739 ;  took  part  in 
blockade  of  Brest  and  battle  of  Quiberon  Bay,  1759 ;  lord- 
lieutenant  of  Cornwall,  1761 ;  admiral,  1778 ;  created  Vis- 
count Mount-Edgoumbe,  1781,  and  Earl  of  Moont- 
Edgcumbe,  1789 ;  one  of  the  vice- treasurers  of  Irdand, 
1771-3,  and  1784-95.  [xvL  375] 

EDGOTTHBI,  Sir  PIERS  (<f.  1539X  son  of  Sir  Richard 
Edgoumbe  (d.  1489)  [q.  v.] ;  K.B.,  1489 ;  sheriff  of  Devon- 
shire, 1493, 1494,  and  1497 ;  made  knight-banneret  for  hia 
services  at  the  battle  of  Spurs,  1513.  [xvL  376] 

XDOOfinDZ  or  EDOI(X>HBZ,  Sir  RICHARD  {d. 
1489),  statennan ;  M.P..  Tavistock,  1467 ;  esobeator  of 
Cornwall,  1467 ;  took  part  in  the  Duke  of  Buckingham's 
rebellion,  escaping  to  Brittany  after  its  failure,  1484; 
knighted  by  Henry  VII  for  valour  at  Boswortb  Field, 
1485 ;  erected  a  chapel  in  honour  of  the  victory ;  privy 
councillor  and  chamberlain  of  the  exchequer ;  BbBriff  ca 
Devonshire,  1487 ;  ambassador  to  Scotland ;  administered 
the  oaths  of  alleigiance  In  Irdand,  1488 ;  despatched  to 
negotiate  truce  with  Anne,  duchess  of  Brittany,  1488 ; 
died  at  Morlalx.  [xvi.  375] 

BDOCITHBE  or  ZDOI<X>HBZ,  Sir  RICHARD  (1499- 
1562),  country  gentleman,  called  'the  good  old  knight  of 
the  castle* ;  son  of  Sir  Piers  Edgoumbe  [q.  v.] ;  knighted, 
1537 ;  sheriff  of  Devon,  1543  and  1544 ;  oommissioner  of 
muster  in  Cornwall,  1557.  [xvL  376] 

EDOOfinDI,  RICHARD,  first  Baron  Edocumbe 
(1680-1758) ;  M.A.  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  1698 ;  MJP., 
Cornwall,  1701,  Plympton  and  St.  Germans,  1702 ;  trea- 
sury lord,  1716  and  1720 ;  vice-treasurer,  receiver-general, 
treasurer  of  war,  and  paymaster-general  of  George  Fs 
revenues  in  Irdand,  1724 ;  adherent  of  Walpole ;  raised  to 
the  peerage,  1742,  to  prev^it  his  being  examined  as  to  the 
madagameat  of  the  Cornish  boroughs :  chancellor  of  the 
duchy  of  Lancaster,  1743-58 ;  privy  councillor,  1744. 

[xvL  377] 

ZDOOUXBE,  RICHARD,  second  Baron  EDocuHfis 
(1716-1761),  son  of  Richard,  first  baron  [q.  v.] ;  major- 
general  in  the  army ;  M  J.,  Lostwithid,  1747-W,renryn, 


EDGOUMBE 


d84 


EDMONDSON 


;  admiralty  lord,  1756-6 :  oomptroUerof  bia  majeaty'a 
tixoUt  1756 ;  privy  coanoillor,  1756 ;  frioid  of  Horace 
pole;  om  ok  tbe  first  to  reeopiiae  the  genius  of 
DOlda.  [xvL  877] 


.,  RIOHARD,  Mooud  Karl  ov  Mouxt> 

OCUMBB  (1764-1839X  sou  of  George,  first  eturl  [q.  v.]  ; 

J.L.  Christ  Oharoh,  Oxfoni,  1793 :  M.P^  Fowey,  1786> 

06 :  oaptain  of  tbe  bond  of  gentlenieu-pensioners,  1808- 

IS ;  privy  councillor,  1808 ;  wrote,  for  private  clrculA- 

on,  *  Mosioal  Reminiscences  of  an  Old  Amateur.* 

[xvL  378] 
SDOXWORTH  DE  FIRKOVT,  HENRY  ESSEX 
1746-1807),  confo*ifior  to  lionis  XVI;  son  of  an  Irisb 
dergyman;  educated  by  tbe  iesuita  of  Toulouse  and  at 
Par& :  took  name  De  Finnont  wben  ordained ;  declined 
an  Irisb  see,  preferrinir  to  work  among  tbe  poor  of  Paris ; 
oonffasoor  to  tbe  Frencb  PrinoeMi  Elizabeth,  1791  :  attended 
Loais  XVI  on  tbe  scaffold  as  friend  and  oonfcmor,  1793 : 
eventoally  accepted  Pitt's  offer  of  a  pension,  from  fear  of 
becoming  a  burden  to  tbe  exiled  Louis  XVIII,  who  had 
appointed  him  chaplain ;  <iled  of  a  fever  contracted  while 
mf^mnA\ng  French  prisoners  at  Mittan.  [xvL  878] 

EDOZWOSTH,  MARIA  (1767-1849),  novelist; 
daughter  of  Richard  Lovell  Edgeworth  [q.  v.] ;  undertook 
her  brother  Henry's  education ;  defend«l  female  education 
in  *  Letters  to  Literary  Ladies,*  1795:  published,  in  con- 
junction with  her  father,  two  volumei  on  *  Practical  Edu- 
cation,* 1798,  adopting,  with  modiflcationii,  the  Ideas  of 
Rousseau's  *^mile':  pubUsbed  *OasUe  Rackrent,'  1800, 
and  'Belinda,*  1801;  issued  'Essay  on  Irish  Bulla,* 
1803 ;  published  *  Moral  Tales,'  1801 ;  brought  out  *  Popu- 
lar TaleH  *  and  *  Tbe  Malem  Oriwlda,'  1804,  *  Leonora,' 
1806,  and  two  series  of  'Tales  of  Fashionable  life.*  1809 
and  181S ;  brought  out  her  father's  '  Memoirs,*  amid  the 
distractions  of  domestic  troubles  and  society  calls,  18S0 ; 
oompUnoented  by  Scott  on  her  descriptions  of  Irisb 
oharaoter,  1833 ;  published  '  Hden,*  her  last  novel,  1834  ; 
did  much  to  relieve  the  sufferers  in  the  Irisb  famine,  1846 ; 
gave  much  literary  advice  to  Basil  HalL  [zvi.  880] 

BDOZWOSTH,  MIOHABLPAKBNHAM  (18IS-1881X 
botanist ;  son  of  Richard  LovcU  Edgeworth  [q.  v.] :  studied 
at  the  Obarterbouse  and  at  Edinburgh :  member  of  Indian 
civil  service,  1831-81 :  oontributal '  Two  Hours*  Herborixa- 
tion  at  Aden*  to  the  'Journal  of  the  Asiatic  Society  of 
fiengaU*  describing  forty  Hpecies,  eleven  quite  new,  wliicb, 
1831,  be  bad  collected  there :  commlMioner  f<Mr  tbe  settle- 
ment of  tbe  Punjab,  1850 ;  author  of  papers  on  tbe  botany 
of  India,  a  volume  on  '  Pollen,*  1878,  and  a  '  Qrammar  of 
Kashmiri.*  [xvL  88S] 

EDGEWORTH,  RICHARD  LOVELL  (1744-1817), 
anUior :  fcUow  commoner,  Trinity  CX>llege,  Dublin,  1761 ; 
left  Dublin  in  disgust  at  his  idleness,  and  entered  Corpus 
Ohristi  CX>llege,  Oxford,  1761 ;  led  to  invent  a  plan  for 
telegraphing  by  a  desire  to  know  the  result  of  a  race  at 
Newmarket;  silver  modallLst  of  tbe  Society  of  Art*  for 
a  new  land-measuring  machine,  1768 ;  friend  of  TIionuM 
Day  [q.  v.].  Miss  Seward,  and  Erasmus  Danvin ;  viititod 
Rouftieau  and  settled  at  Lvons,  1771 ;  nettled  on  hia  estates 
In  Ireland,  1783;  akie-de-camp  to  Lord  Charlemont,  1783 ; 
succeeded  In  getting  a  government  telegraph  line  erected 
between  DubUn  and  (Ml  way,  1804 ;  raised  a  corps  against 
tbe  rebels  at  Bdgeworthstown,  1798,  and  sat  in  tbe  last 
Irish  parliament:  served  on  a  board  for  inquiring  into 
Irifh  education,  1806-11 ;  four  times  married ;  published 
wOTka  on  educational  and  mechanical  uubjecte. 

[XVL883] 

EDGEWORTH,  ROGER  (d.  1560X  Roman  catholic 
divine;  B.A.  Oxford,  1507;  fellow  of  Oriel,  1508;  D.D^ 
1636 ;  prebendary  of  Bristol,  1643 :  canon  of  Wells  and 
Salisbury;  chancellor  of  Wells,  1654;  prebendary  of 
Salisbury ;  benefactor  of  Oriel  OiUege ;  pabllshed  works 
on  church  discipline.  [xvL  886] 

EDGVARD,  DAVID  (/I.  1533),  anatomht ;  educated 
at  Oxfoni  and  Cambridge ;  published  *  De  Indiciis  et  Pr»-  wnwownaow   inrtEPW  fdi  t7«iv  ii«r.i<i  m^ 

cognltioulbus,*  1633,  and  'Introductio  ad  Anatomfcen,*  ,^^^rrrr^r\^y^^\rJ^Jl^h]'^^  *°?  -. 

T<iQ  ^  *  r-.-j  9fMi  legist ;  led  to  study  heraldry  by  his  emplogrmcot  of 

^**''*  ^^^'  ****•■         blaaonlng  coat-armour  on  carriages :    Mowbxmy  herald 

EOXHEURGH,  DUKS  of  (1814-1900).    C3oe  Alvred     extraordlnAry,  1764;  F.&A.;  oompUed  *Oocnplete  Body 
Ebmht  Albert.]  of  Heraklry,*  1780,  and  genealogioBl  worka.    [xvi.  395] 

EDZHGTOH,  WILLIAM  OP  (<f.  1866).  bishop  of  Win-  EDXGNDSOir,    THOMAS    (179S-I861X     Invfotor* 

rthester  and  chancellor :  pr^iendary  of  Lincoln,  1343-6,  of  brother  of  Oeorge  Edmondaon  [q.  v.]  ;  qnaker ;  railway 

Sali<(bury,  1344-6 ;  bishop  of  Wincheater,  1846  ;  prd)endary  clerk  at  MilUm,  near  Carlisle ;  inventor  of  printeil  rallwa' 

of  Herefoid,  1846 ;  king*s  tieaaurer,  1845-66 ;  carried  out  ticketa,  1887.  [xvi.  3%] 


an  issue  of  baas  ooinago,  1861 ;  oiiaiiorfkr,  UM-O: » 
fused  tbe  archbiahopric  of  Oantartmry  on  moeoatAd  B> 
health,  1366:  founded  a  college  of  leformad  AuttBlriBi 
at  Wefitbury,  Wiltshire,  c  1847 ;  ooniinmred  noMiac  if 
Walkelin*s  nave  in  Wincherter  CattwdraL        [xvt.  MQ 

EDITH  or  EADGTTH,  Sxiirr  (963  T-9MX  daufhtartf 
kiuie  Kadgar  and  Wnlfthryth  by  a  '  hand-faat*  manliii; 
built  church  at  Wilton ;  greatly  vencnted  aa  a  aataL 

cx^«n 

EDITH  or  EADGTTH  (d.  1076X  queen  of  Badwarttte 
Confessor :  dau^ter  of  Eari  Gkxlwine ;  divoraed  fm 
King  Eadward  and  immured  either  \n  WberwcUor  WBIn 
nunnery,  1061 ;  brought  back  to  the  oonrt  on  tbanenh 
ciliation  of  the  king  and  Eari  Godwine,  1063 ;  oMitei 
tbe  abolition  of  tbe  custom  wliich  empowered  blahm  aiA 
abtx>ts  to  receive  klsMS  from  ladles  ;  *www»*»mU^  \^  tbe 
dying  Eadward  to  tbe  care  of  her  brother  Handd,  wtaie 
cause  she  deserted,  1066.  [rrL  187] 

EDLIN  or  EDLTV,  RIOHARD  (Ittl-1677X 
loger :  contributed  to  his  '  noble  soienoe,*  *  ( 
Astrologioe,'  1669,  and  '  Pne-Nundna  fiiyderaaa,*  1M4. 

CxvLSai} 

EDK0EDE8,  Sir  CLEMENT  aW6?-l6S9),alKktotte 
council ;  matriculated  as  chorister  at  All  BonV  PnHmi. 
Oxford,  1586 :  fellow,  1690;  M.A.,  1698 ;  nmcmbnaearrf 
tbe  city  of  London,  1605-9 ;  clerk  of  the  ooonoU  Cor  Ufi, 
1609 ;  mnstermaster-general,  1613 ;  oomndasioner  to  tnBl 
with  HoUand  concerning  disputes  as  to  throwing  opn  Ihi 
Ea^t  India  trade  and  the  Oreenland  fiahertea,  1614; 
knighted,  1617 ;  MJ>.,  Oxford,  1630-1 ;  nominated  luimtMy 
of  state,  1633 ;  wrote  mainly  on  militaiy  tnctiea. 

rzTLSfll] 

EDKOEDEB,  Sir  THOMAS  (1668?-1C8»).  diptaM- 
tist ;  English  agent  to  Henry  IV  at  Paria,  I68S,  1M7,  taA 
1598 ;  owed  his  advancement  to  Sir  Robert  OecQ :  Fkweh 
secretary  to  Elisabeth,  1696 ;  given  a  clerkaUp  of  tbi 
privy  council  for  his  careful  Mgotiatlona  with  the  Aid»- 
duke  Albert  at  Boulogne,  1698;  MJ*.,  Uakenid,  1101; 
knighted,  1608 :  M.P.,  WUton,  1604 ;  aimed  ml  piiaeiflii 
peace  between  Spain  and  the  States-Cleneral,  wben  amhaa 
sador  to  the  archduke  at  Bmwsels,  1606 ;  anppnand  a 
despatoh  instrucUng  him  to  open  negotlatinns  Cor  tin 
marriage  of  Prince  Charles  with  Prlnoesa  Cbrlatliia,al8lK 
of  Louie  Xin,  immediately  after  the  death  of  Friaei 
Henry,  1613 ;  privy  councillor,  1616 :  traaaorer  of  the  nfal 
housebokl,  1618;  succeeded  by  reverdon  to  cdertcridp  ef 
crown  in  king's  bench  court,  1630  ;  royaliat  M.P.,  Bewvuiy, 
1630,  Chichester,  1634,  Oxford  Unlveraity,  1636.  aad 
Flenryn,  1638.  [xtL  891] 

EDH0VD8,  RICHARD  (1801-1886X  aeientiflo  writer: 
published  'The  Land's  End  District:  ita  Anttqottiai, 
Natural  History,  Natural  Phenomena,  and  9omerj}  1883; 
attributed  marine  disturbances  off  the  Oorniah  coaak  to 
submarine  earthquakea ;  wrote  also  on  antlqnartan  sob- 
jecta.  [zvLMS] 

EDH0KD6,  Sir  WILLIAM  (d.  1606X  Sooitiah  oolaorf 
in  the  Dutch  service ;  in  command  of  a  regiment  of  Beoli 
foot  cut  to  pieces  at  Lefflngen,  1600  ;  UUed  dorlngdataiei 
of  Rhineberg,  1606.  [zvL  tM] 

EDHOKDS,  WILLIAM  (1660  ?-1616).    [See  Wmos.] 

EDKOEDBOH,  GEORGE  (1798-1868X  pcomotar  of 
education,  originally  a  bookbinder*s  apprentioe ;  masterof 
a  boarding-flobool  at  Broomhall ;  visited  Biwela  aa  totor 
to  Daniel  Wheeler's  children.  1817;  reelafaned  the  bog 
land  round  St.  Petersburg,  1836 ;  principal  of  Queen  wood 
Hall,  Hampahlre,  an  Owenite  school :  added  agrionttaiv 
to  the  curriculum ;  an  early  promoter  of  tbe  CoUege  of 
Preoeptora.  [zvi.  194] 

EDH0HD80H,  HENRY  (1607  ?-l669),  acboolmaater; 
tabarder  of  Queen's  College,  Oxford ;  fdtowof  QQeen*s: 
M.A.,  1680 ;  master  of  Northleach  free  school,  Glouces- 
tershire, 1655-9;  chief  work  'Lingua  Lingoanun,*  a 
method  of  leamiiig  languages,  1666.  [zri.  8M] 


EDMONDSTOK 


885 


EBBIO 


.,  ARTHUR  G776?-1841X  writer  oo 
tin  KhfUtmA  ialM ;  nxmj  suigeoo  in  Bgypt  ander  Sir 
Jtelph  AJbtrctpatoj :  M.D. ;  ■atMequently  largecm  at 
Lawkk ;  wrote  two  treatJaw  on  ophthalmlk,  and  a  *  View 
oftbe  Andent  and  Present  State  of  the  Zetland  Islands,* 
I8M.  [xtL  396] 


>H,  LAURBNCB(1795-1879X  naturalist : 
bratfaer  of  Artbnr  Bdmondston  [q.  v.]  ;  studied  medicine 
tt  ftiinbarsh,  and  practised  in  Unst ;  MJ). ;  familiarised 
tbe  poblic  witb,  the  Shetland  chromate  of  inm :  experi- 
BMoted  in  affrk»lture  and  acclimaUsed  trees  in  tbe  Shet- 
Isnds ;  SeandinaTlan  scholar,  and  author  of  soientiflo 

[xtL  897] 


IV,  THOMAS  (18ift-18MX  naturalist; 
ion  of  I«areaoe  Bdmonston  [q.  y.],  of  Shettand :  kept  a 
hexteitaBB,  in  which  was  found  Arenaria  norvegiea^  then 
lint  (fiseoffcred  as  a  native  plant ;  aesistant-seeretary  to 
the  BdlabBigh  Botanical  Society ;  left  Bdinbargh  Unirer- 
lity  altar  a  sapposed  affront ;  elected  professor  of  botany 
and  Batoral  hiirtory  in  Anderson's  *  UniTersity,'  Glasgow, 
IMS:  issued  *  Flora  of  Shetland,*  184ft;  naturalist  on 
boBriUvHiarald;  aoddentally  shot  in  Peru,  1846. 

[xvL  897] 

IBBinraTOn,  Sm  AROHIBALD,  third  baronet 
(ITW-IBTIX  traveller  and  author :  RA.  Ohrist  Ohuroh, 
OxfiMd,  1816 :  pobUahed  account  of  his  trards  in  Bgypt, 
USS,  •Tragadies,*  1887,  *Iieona^^*  1888,  and  religions 

[xTl.  898] 


B,  SXB  OBOROB  FRBDBRIOK  (1818- 
18M),lBdia&cfyilian;  son  of  Neil  Benjamin  Bdmonttone 
[q.  V.];  rnnimisaiCTnfr  and  snperintendent  of  the  Ois- 
Sotiej  statoB ;  seoietary  in  foreign,  political,  and  secret 
iiysfikaMa^  18M ;  drew  up  proclamation  confiscating  the 
isodef  Ooim;  Ueatenant»govemor  of  the  north-western 
provinesB,  1889-68;  created  new  goTemmeut  of  central 
pfOftneea ;  KXLR,  1868.  [xtL  399] 

JUIMOBIiTUJE,  NBIL  BBNJAKIK  (1765-1841),  In- 
fisa  cMHaa ;  writer  to  the  Bast  India  Oompany,  1788 ; 
hoEriaa  translator  to  goremment,  1794;  accompanied 
Lord  Mieniingtoo's  expedition  agabist  Tippoo  Sultan, 
ITU,  translating  and  pabUahing  Tippoo*s  secret  docn- 
aests;  seccctaiy  to  toe  foreign,  pditical,  and  secret 
Aepsztosent,  1801 ;  probably  suggested  Lord  Wellesley's 
pcGcy  ef  sobaldlary  treaties ;  chief  secretary  to  gOTem- 
■at,  1806 ;  member  of  tbe  supreme  coanoil  at  CtaJcntta, 
181M7.  [xTi.  899] 

mnnreTOnB,  ROBBRT  (I794-I884),  artist;  ex- 
Ufaitsi  portraita  at  the  Royal  Academy,  1818;  twice 
virilelltaly:  saccesrfal  with  child  subjects. 

[XTi.  400] 

UIHIIAJ)  or  BASKinn)  (841-870%  king  of  the  East 
iSfleB,  martyr  and  saint ;  bmrn  at  Ntiremberg :  son  of 
Cb^  Alkmond ;  adopted  by  Offa,king  of  the  Bast  Angles, 
cSM:  socceeded  to  OfTa'S  throne,  866;  defeated  by  the 
Hum  at  Home  (870),  though  according  to  another  ao- 
ooent  he  sorrei^ered  to  avcrid  further  slaughter  ;  bound 
(oa  tree,  sooorged,  and  briieaded  on  refusing  to  renounce 
C]ui«tianity ;  interred  at  Hoxne ;  subsequently  enshrined 
St  Buzy :  camaiised,  [x^i*  400] 

ElUIUJD  or  BASHUim  (989  ?-946X  king  of  the 
Boglisb :  son  of  Edward  the  coder ;  besieged  the  inde- 
pendent kings  of  the  north,  Olaf  and  Wulfstan,  at  Leioes- 
ler,  M8 ;  after  a  truoe  expelled  both  of  them  from  Mercia 
and  the  Ttte  Boroughs,  944 :  handed  over  Oumbria  to 
Mairwiwi  of  Sootiand,  on  emotion  that  he  should  be  his 
*  fellow.  woriEer,*  946;  demanded  the  release  of  his  nephew, 
Kiag  Lewis,  from  Hugh,  duke  of  the  French ;  named  the 
*dBed<loer'  or  the  *  magnificent  * ;  stabbed  by  Liofa,  a 
ban£t^    His  laws  were  named  with  a  riew  to  the  refor- 
of  manner!  of  deqiy  and  laity.  [xTi.401] 


RIIMUJiJI  or  BABKinn),  called  Iroksidb  (981  ?- 
1016),  king:  son  of  iStbdred  the  Unready;  married 
MMlgjih,  widow  of  the  Danish  earl  Sigeferth,  and  re- 
ceived the  submission  of  the  Fire  Boroughs  of  the  Danish 
csmlisteaej,  1016;  crowned  in  London,  1016;  defeated 
Gkmt  a6  Ite  in  Somerset  and  at  Shenton,  Wiltshire; 
utterly  rooted  at  Asaandfin  (Ashington  in  Bssex) ;  gave 
tbe  north  of  giiB^*~*  to  (hint  by  a  treaty  made  in  Olney. 
an  island  of  tbe  Se-vem,  1016 ;  hLs  death  due  to  a  sudden 
Bckneas,  or  poasibly  to  the  murderous  resentment  of 
Badrie  (d.  lOlT)  Cq.  ▼.] ;  famoos  for  his  bodily  strength. 

[xvL  403] 


BDHUim  (RIOH),Saixt(1170?-1840X  archbishop  of 
Oanterbury ;  brought  up  in  ascetic  habits ;  sent  to  study 
at  Paris  (7  L186-1190) ;  taught  at  Oxford,  where  be  showed 
great  tenderness  towards  his  pupils  (?  1196-lSOO) ;  studied 
theology  at  Paris;  returned  to  Oxford  as  a  teacher  of 
divinity;  treasurer  of  Salisbury  Oatbedral,  e.  1220; 
preached  the  crusade  at  Gregory  IX's  bidding,  e.  1227  ; 
prebendary  of  Oalne,  c.  1233 ;  archbishop  of  Canterbury, 
1234;  procured  tbe  dismissal  of  Henry  Ill's  favourit«e 
by  the  threat  of  excommunicating  the  king,  1234 ;  bade 
Henry  III  interrogate  his  conscience  when  he  disclaimed 
the  murder  of  Richard,  earl  marshal,  the  recognised  head 
of  the  national  party,  1234 ;  defended  himself  at  Rome 
on  charges  arising  oat  of  the  exercise  of  his  archiepiscopal 
authority,  1238;  acknowledged  himself  baflSed  by  pope 
and  king ;  died  at  Soisy  while  on  his  way  to  Pontigny  to 
become  a  monk;  canonised,  1248;  author  of  ^Speculum 
BoclesisB '  and  other  works.  [xri.  406] 

EOMUHD,  Barl  of  Lancastkr  (1S46-1896).  [See 
Lancaster.] 

EDXXnn),  second  Barl  of  Cornwall  (1960-1800X 
a  younger  son  of  Richard,  earl  of  Cornwall  [q.  v.],  and 
nephew  of  Henry  III ;  knighted,  1272 ;  joint-guardian  of 
the  realm,  1272  and  1879;  guardian  uid  lieutenant  of 
Bnglond,  1286-9.  [xlviii.  174] 

BDHUin)  OF  Woodstock,  Barl  of  Kbxt  (1801- 
1830),  youngest  son  of  Bdward  I ;  summoned  to  parlia- 
ment, 1320 ;  created  Barl  of  Kent,  1321 ;  joined  Bdward  II 
in  his  war  against  the  barons,  1322  ;  besieged  Lancaster's 
stronghold  of  Pontefract  and  witnessed  his  execution, 
1822;  lieutenant  of  the  king  in  the  northern  marches, 
1823 ;  after  showing  himself  a  weak  diplomatist  at  the 
French  court,  was  made  lieutenant  of  Aquitaine  (1824X 
where  he  was  soon  invaded  by  Charles  of  Yalois ;  joined 
conspiracy  against  Bdward  II,  1826 ;  (me  of  the  standing 
council  appointed  to  govern  for  the  young  king,  Bd- 
ward III,  1327 ;  resisted  the  ascendency  of  Queen 
Isabella  and  Mortimer,  who  consequently  lured  him  into 
treasonable  deaigns  against  Bdward  III,  and  procured  hia 
execution.  [xtL  410] 

EDHUin),  sumamed  DZ  LANOLBT,  first  Dnn  of 
York  (1341-14U2).    [See  Lanolbt.] 

SDMUMD  TUBOR,  Barl  of  Richuoxd  (1480  7-1466). 
[See  Tudor.] 

EDXXnfDB,  JOHN  (d.  1644),  master  of  Peterhonse; 
M.A.,  1607 ;  fellow  of  Jesus  College,  Cambridge,  1617,  of 
St.  John's,  1619 ;  D.D.,  1620;  master  of  Peterhouse,  1622 ; 
Yice-chancellor,  1623,  1528,  1529,  and  1641-3 :  chancellor 
and  prebendary  of  Balisbury ;  assisted  in  compiling  *The 
Institution  of  a  Christian  Man.'  [xvL  412] 

EDKUirDBOK,  WILLIAM  (1627-1712X  quaker; 
fought  in  Cromwell's  army  at  Worcester  and  in  the  Isle 
of  Man,  1651 ;  tradesman  at  Antrim ;  quaker,  1653 ;  fre> 
quenUy  imprisoned  for  religious  reasons;  worked  witih 
Qeorge  Fox  in  Virginia  and  West  Indies,  1671  ;  im- 
prisoned for  not  paying  tithes  (1682),  but  released  by 
the  intervention  of  the  bishop  of  Kildare ;  remonstrated 
with  James  II  on  the  persecution  of  the  Irish  protestauta, 
1689  ;  thrown  into  a  dungeon  at  Athlone,  1690  ;  worked 
against  an  act  enabling  the  Irish  clergy  to  recover  tithes 
in  the  temporal  courts;  published  quaker  pamphlets; 
his  *  Journal' appmred,  1715.  [xvi.  412] 

JSiiA  z  V JsO,  sumamed  Vtchan  (Yaughan),  i.e. 
the  Little  (>!.  1230-1240),  statesman  and  warrior; 
signed  a  truce  between  Henry  III  and  Llewelyn  ab 
lorwerth  [q.  v.],  1281 ;  took  part  in  the  treaty  *  apud 
Alnetum,*  near  St.  Asaph,  1241 ;  ancestor  of  the  Tudors. 

[xvi.  414] 

EDRSD  or  EAPREB  (d.  955),  king  of  the  BngUrib ; 
son  of  Bdward  the  elder  [q.  v.]  ;  crowned  946 ;  burnt 
Ripon  to  punish  the  rebellion  of  Wulfstan,  archbishop  of 
York  ;  caught  and  imprisoned  Wulfstan  when  heading  a 
second  insurrection,  952  ;  fought  with  Eric  Bloodaxe,  tbe 
Danish  king  of  Northumbria,  till  Eric's  death  in  954  ;  con- 
ferred, by  the  advice  of  Dunstan,  a  limited  autonomy  on 
the  Danes.  [xvi.  414] 

EDRIO  or  SADRIC,  STREONA  (d.  1017),  ealdorman 
of  the  Mercians,  1007 :  married  Eadgyth,  a  daughter  of 
King  iSthelred,  1009 ;  frequently  dissuaded  J^thelred  f rom 
attacking  the  Danes :  treacherously  slew  Sigeferth  and 
Morkere,  chief  thegns  of  the  Danish  oonfederacy  of  tha 

00 


KDWABC  re 


4  U  41*0  «t  ASaatltlQU, 

;  probably  planiud  m 


IXRICorKASSiaiA" 


rM-irud 


HKSRY  (1;M-1SSI),  mil 
LMWllBi  tn  Nonn.ii.ly.  I 
^i«cutcd  portnllf,  L«Qd.4ci 


reco^IiVd  Ihuikjb  CI 


Tetleuhn]]. 


I  tlK  Dun  of  1S«1  AnKltA,  HHei,  ud  Oub- 

anDEiol  Msrdu  .Ttn  tbc  daath  at  hia  ■IiHr'. 
LwlT  ol  tbe  Ui     '       - 


XOWASD  or  SAD VAXO  raK 

kInR  o(  (be  Bng-llKh  :  wn  nf  KuIkhi 


Ihpgiu  at  ble  gli!i)-iiiotber. 


1   TnK  OoNranonR 


-KUthiylii  [q.  T.] ;  ollli^l«fly  .tj 
SDVA&O 

(d.  loae).  Uni 

al  Oit  Hienfriity  by  Cnut:   roldeJ  ai  luij  coon  oi 
HsrlhuCTPt,  i04l-J:  crowmd,  Uui:  sJllBt  bltDxUt  with 

ot  Nanuy ;    nuniol   HMgylli   [iiaa  BDrm,  1.    lon^ 
lUaebtiir  ut  Earl  Ooliriiic  <><  Vmei,  lOM ;   fimind 


■ion or ttae Clnrjur  port*,  DM:  lampBllnl  Iha  ■nrrradrr 
D[  Kcnilvartta  Ciutla  on  coDilltloiH,  IIM :  orcnnd  Into 
■ubudnlDn  Ibe  rebel  lorda  who  tad  Mm  dlilnbRiUriifln 
Rrahufl,  anil  mn  tbeo  oocaprlng  Uh  tab  ol  ID*.  IM; : 
■UmnirdoI8ii|iliuid.1)U;  nidm  nf  the  dtj  ukI  Ton 
or  LoDdoo,  11*8 :  gufiial  popnlarlt*  bj  aboliahlAff  Uv 
tcTj  of  eiutotni  from  tba  dty  ol  Innilon,  and  by  niRtaf  i 
■taCota  [ortiWiltiig  the  Jewi  to  aottoln  (be  prapar^  »( 
Christiana  by  imuni  of  pIbIkw.  !»•  ;  laUid  lor  Syrta  v 


IMI:  V 


»j>Am 


bal  pmtnm  thimcb  Eqioih.  imd  d 
CoonC  ol  Chaloni  at  the  'Utile  bank  ot  Cbaliw,'  u 
oateoilblE  Vrararj,  1173 :  cnwoed  Uu  si  Endiad. 
1SI4:  I^ldatedKitta  a  tim  [a  tb«  arerthnv  slfe^L 
ton  an*  tbs  (rrowth  ot  the  parllamenlai;  uMm :  yn- 
mnlgatal'.lutuirolWabmiiats  Ibe  ninL,'  Itii:  laadi 
wvF  upon  UywlyD  of  Walea,  who  had  njia~'^ 
'~~"~~'anror  the  kinr'i  paiUamnla.  m 


ad  npMtadljr  Rf  aiM 
inta.  Hid  <InH  ok 
ad-  SUtate  <<  Oto 


homaoe  lo  Phllli. 

aD  ddm  to  NommidT,  1W»:  t . , ,_ 

In  RadBonbbv,  ini:  dMnndiiid  that  Daild,  UyvriiA 
bntber,  •ihoaM  be  tried  betbraatoll  i^twfB—rfai 

lal^.'  -■■■■  ii  --If  1 1  iiim  vii  I'lii  nliaiiuiilTiiiiiiilii 
dlxmbmreUed,  and  quartend.  Ittt;  HBlDdkMl  tli 
adnlDlMration  of  Walea  lo  tha  BncUah  nrtton  l^fli 
■eUEaWofWalea.'llHiiMbUilHd'Rtatiibol  VaU^ 
nlrr  Uw  Seooo'l,'  1>» ;  ipent  mDch  time  In  rims  mi 
Oaamny,  IMC^ ;  morned  to  England.  1U» :  apfaJaM 

jDdaca  dnrlDg  hli  Ung  ■baenue^ 
AatfoD  Id  the  Ratala  ■  QoU  ampt 
Jewa,  ino:  loA  hi*  qiWD.  X 
appointod  (I3H)  Antony  B  '    - 

throne  ol  which  WBiaoonal..- ^,  _ 

competllani ;    pot  John  OatM  In  arilla  ol  Om  B 

kiDgdom.  UH :  denrind  ol  Oaaoaay  by  FUUp  IT,  UM 
reodrei  Rranls  for  Ibe  >FttlgB>at  of  Wd^TnoiA  « 
Bcotdab  dimoDltiea  from  a  — "' '-  -"-^  "~  •■— 


.  _  _,.     ^.  .  ._ i4,  his  father  ^ylDR 

hlniaMi»ay,Iralai>l,  Wales, Britiol.SunifoTTl. and  Brant- 
ham:  ooonteDalkOul  blalleutonant  InWalea.  Geoffn^  Laog- 

ley.tolotdiKontlieWelahtheKngllab -  -■ "- 

and  hDnlreOt,  tbent 
prli>«o(WidM.19M^__. 
iu  obtaknlng  the  formiilatli 
tt«r,lSA3:  made  war  apon  the  Welib,  wtto  ^ympatbl^od 
...  ._ ...  _, — ......   ,^..  jit^atd  Sorth- 


bori«™.  ISM; 

~   ValiBce  cnudlan  of  Si.. 
'li  biToarite,  Bari  it 


EDWARD   in 


887 


EDWARD   rV 


OoravmU,  1107 :  murfed  ItabcOft,  daughter  of  PhUip  the 
Fair,  kioff  o<  Fxmnoe,  1306 ;  Rppointed  GaToaton  regent  of 
Irdand,  1306,  being  oompdled  by  the  ooancil  to  banish 
bim:  onderiiiined  barooiiU  oppoeition,  and  acbieTed 
Gftfeetonli  vestoratioo  to  hiif  earldom,  18(W ;  oompelled  by 
threata  <d  withdrawal  of  allegiance  to  consent  to  the 
ftppointmeni  of  twenty-one  lords  ordainers,  1310 ;  marched 
Dorthwaida  under  the  pretence  of  attacking  Bruce,  really 
to  avoid  Lancatter,  his  chief  opponent,  and  the  ordainera, 
1310 :  aUowed  Gayeston  to  be  exiled,  1811 ;  committed  to 
advtt  war  1^  the  retnm  of  Gaveston,  1312,  who  was  soon 
afterwaida  ariaed  by  the  Earl  of  Warwick  and  mnitlered, 
Jane.  ISIS:  aapported  by  Hogh  le  Despenser  [q.  ▼.]  and 
the  Bezle  of  Pembroke  and  Warenne :  granted  an  amnesty 
to  the  BBlooutenta,  1313 ;  took  the  Add  agiUnst  Bruce, 
and,  iiagVi^ng  the  Earl  of  Gloucester's  warning  not  to 
join  battle  omler  nnfaToarable  droomstanoes,  was  defeated 
It  BaBBodkboni,  1314:  forced  to  submit  to  Lancaster, 
1314:  ngalned  his  authority  on  Lancaster's  failure  to 
Lriab,  Welsh,  and  Scottish  disaffection,  1316 ; 
with  Lancaster,  1318 ;  failed  to  take  Berwick, 
ISlt :  aaada  a  favoarite  of  Hugh  le  Despenser  the  younger 
[q.  r.1 :  vdoctantly  agreed  to  the  banishment  of  both  De- 
,13fl:  bedeged  Leeds  Oastle,  which  had  closed  its 
;  the  qoeen,  13S1 ;  ooodncted  a  campaign  in  the 
the  Mortimen,  1391 ;  recalled  the  Deapensers, 
slew  the  Barl  of  Hereford  and  captured  Lancaster, 
who  waa  brtwaded  withoat  a  hearing  at  Boroughbridge, 
1X39 :  vainly  attempted  to  subdue  Scotland,  13SS ;  con- 
dadad  trace  with  Bootland  for  three  years,  1333:  alienated 
Qaaen  leahrila  bj  his  fandncaa  for  the  younger  Despenser, 
1394 ;  aOowod  laabdla  to  go  to  France  in  his  stead  to  pay 
booiafe  for  Aqoitalne  and  Ponthieo,  whence  she  returned 
(1393)  to  dethrone  him ;  fled  westward,  and  after  many 
wBBderlnga  waa  taken  at  Neath;  forced  to  resign  the 
throne,  1197 ;  bnitally  treated  by  his  gaolers  in  Berkeley 
Cartl^  and  moxdered ;  current!  v  reported  in  the  next 
pafBnikm.  to  have  died  a  hermit  in  Lombaidy. 

[xyU.  38] 
DWABD  nZ  (1319-1377),  king  of  England :  eldest 
SOB  rf  IdwBid  n ;  Barl  of  Oheater,  1330 ;  reoeived  county 
of  FoBtlitai  and  duchy  of  Aqoitaine,  1396 ;  proclaimed 
paiAtan  of  the  kingdom  in  the  name  of  his  tether,  1386 : 
cteMildliig;1397;  was  for  four  years  the  figure-head  of  his 
■Bther  Tt^yw^  and  of  ICortimer'B  rule :  ont-nuouBuyred 
ia  iVwtiand  bj  ICon^  and  Douglas,  1327 ;  gare  up  all 
cWa  to  Seotland  by  the  treaty  of  Northampton,  18S8 ; 
■snfad  Fhllippa  of  Hainault,  1398 :  claimed  the  French 
ttnaethroagb  his  mother  Isabdla,  but  was  set  aside  for 
FlOpof  Yalota.  1398;  paid  homage  to  Philip  YI  for  his 
hcMb  fiefs,  1S99,  refasing  liege  homage :  executed  Mor- 
ttaer,  and  piaoed  the  queen-mother  in  honourable  con- 
iMBSBtt  1310;  performed  liege  homage  for  Guyenne  and 
BoBOdeii,  mi ;  inrited  Flemish  wearers  to  come  to  Eng- 
had  and  teach  the  manufacture  of   fine  cloth,   1333 ; 
nmrad  recognition  of  Edward  de  Baliol  [q.  ▼.]  as  king 
of  Seottaad,  1339;  defteted  Soota  at  Halidon  Hill,  1333, 
Baliol  twice :  his  seneschals  expelled  from 
by  PhiUp  YL  1336 :  laid  a  heavy  customs  duty 
I  of  wool  and  wo(dfeIls  to  raise  money  for   a 
with  France,  1337 ;   gained  the  goodwill  of  James 
van  Aztavdde,  a  citiaen  of  Ghent,  who  procured  him  an 
alHaBoe  with  Qhent«  Yprea,  Brugea,  and  Gassel :    made 
matj   for  hire  of  troops  with   the  Emperor  Lewis  of 
Bararia,  ther^  displeasing  Pope  Benedict  XII,  1337 : 
appoiDted  imperial  Ticar  by  Lewis  of  Bavaria,  1838 ;  laid 
siege  to  Oambray,  1339.  when  cannon  is  said  to  hare  been 
fiffvt  oaed ;  assumed  title  of  king  of  France  in  order  to 
Rtain  Flemlah  aopport,  1140 ;  returned  to  England  to  get 
anppliaa  voted  by  parliament ;  defeated  French  fleet  in  the 
Sloya,  1140 :  reproached  Jcbn  de  Stratford,  arohbiahop  of 
GaoieitMuy,  for  retarding  rappUea,  though  he  had  urged 
him  to  nadertake  the  war,  1341 ;  landed  at  Breat  in  con- 
nequeoce  of  an  offer  from  John  of  Montf ort  to  hold  Brit- 
tany of  him  conditionally,  1343 :  made  truce  with  the 
kiair  of  France  for  three  years  at  8te.  ICadelelne,  1313 ; 
built  roond  tower  of  Windsor  Castle,  1344 ;  wrote  to  the 
tiat  PhiUp  had  broken  truce  and  that  he  declared 
opoB  him,  1341 ;  sacked  Barfletir,  Yalonges,  (^uentan, 
lA  uid  Caen,  1346;  executed  strategic  morements 
cofaniBating  in  total  destruction  of  French  army  at  Cn&cy, 
nmr  AbbevOle,  1346 ;  the  Sooto  rooted  at  Nerill's  Cross 
by  hto  gepeeala,  1146 ;  Mockaded  Calais,  which  surrendered 
at  diseietten  (1147X  after  the  withdrawal  of  a  French 
relief  fane;  spared  the  lives  of  the  dtiaens  of  Calais  at 
tbcraqaeot  of  hia  queen,  1147 ;  returned  to  England,  1347 ; 


founded  the  order  of  the  Garter,  1349 :  lost  his  daughter, 
Joan,  by  the  black  death  pestilence  ;  pas^d  '  Statute  of 
Labourers,'  13A1 ;  defeated  a  Spanish  fleet  in  the  service 
of  France  off  Winchelsea,  13dO :  enacted  the  *  Statute  of 
Provisors,'  1351,  •  of  Treasons,'  1369,  and  'of  Pnemuiiire,* 
1363 ;  released  King  David  of  Scotland  from  the  Tower, 
1367  ;  gained  Aquitaine,  GalalA,  Guisries,  and  Ponthieu  by 
the  treaty  of  Bretigny,  in  which  be  renounoetl  all  claim  to 
the  French  crown,  1360:  eutertaineil  kniglitft  from  Spain, 
Cyprus,  and  Armenia,  who  had  come  to  solicit  aid  againsft 
the  Mahometans,  1362;  erectai  Gascony  aift  Aquitaine 
into  a  principality,  1862  :  passed  statute  ordering  discon- 
tinuance of  French  in  the  law  courts,  1362;  concerted 
project  with  David  II  for  union  of  England  and  Scot- 
land, 1363 :  forbade  payment  of  Peter's  pence,  1366,  from 
annoyance  at  the  pope's  attempt  to  recover  arrears  of  tlie 
tribute  promised  him  by  King  John ;  endeavoured  by  tlie 
'  Statute  of  KUkenny '  (1367)  to  check  the  wlopUon  of  Irish 
customs  by  the  ^iglish  colonists ;  disapproved  of  the 
depredations  of  the  English  free  companies  in  France ; 
sent  the  Black  Prince  to  help  Pedro  of  Castile  against  his 
half-brother,  Henry  of  Traf>tamare,  1367 ;  involved  in  a 
second  French  war  by  Charles  V's  complaints  of  the  free 
companies,  1369;  carried  on  a  desultory  warfare  in 
Poltou  and  Touraine,  in  revenue  for  which  the  French 
burnt  Portsmouth,  1369';  gave  bimdelf  up  to  the  Influence 
of  Alice  Ferrers  [q.  v.],  a  concubine,  on  the  death  of 
his  queen,  1369 :  dissented  from  the  Prince  of  Wales's  con- 
duct of  the  French  war ;  laid  bands  on  church  property 
in  order  to  raise  supplies,  1371;  renewed  league  with 
Brittany,  1371,  and  made  treaty  with  Genoa,  1872 ;  the 
Earl  of  Pembroke,  hL^  lieutenant  in  Aquitaine,  defeated  by 
a  Fnmch  and  Spanish  fleet  at  Rocbelle,  1372 ;  despatched 
armament  against  Du  Guesclin  in  Brittany,  1378 ;  loet 
Aquitaine,  1874 ;  his  latter  years  embittered  by  naticmal 
discontent  and  the  rivalry  between  his  chief  minister, 
Lancaster,  and  the  Commons.  During  the  first  part  of  his 
reign  he  Inaugurated  an  enlightened  commercial  policy, 
and  devoted  so  much  attention  to  naval  administration  as 
to  be  entitled  by  parliament  the  *  king  of  the  sea.' 

[xviL  48] 
EDWAKD  lY  (1449-1483X  king  of  EngUnd ;  son  of 
Richard,  duke  of  York ;  bom  at  Rouen ;  Earl  of  March  ; 
attainted  as  a  Yorkist,  1469  ;  returned  from  Cahds  yeiiix 
the  Yorkist  earls,  Warwick  and  Salisbury,  and  defeated 
Henry  YI's  force  at  Northampton,  1460 ;  swore  fealty  to 
Henry  YI,  1460;  defeated  Henry's  restless  queen,  Mar- 
garet, at  Mortimer's  Cross,  1461 ;  proclaimed  himself  king, 
1461 ;  utterly  defeated  the  Lancastrians  at  Towton,  1461 ; 
crowned,  1461 ;  captured  Margaret's  strongholda  in  the 
north  of  Engluid,  1463  ;  believed  blmseU,  on  insufficient 
grounds,  to  have  conciliated  Somerset,  a  prominent  Lan- 
castrian, 1468 ;  privately  married  Elizabeth  Woodville, 
widow  of  Sir  John  Grey,  1464,  ultimately  disclosing  the 
fact  to  hlB  council  whesi  a  match  with  Bona  of  Savoy 
was  under  consideration  ;  married  his  sister  Margaret  to 
Charles  the  Bold,  duke  of  Burgundy,  1468 ;  his  position 
threatened  by  the  Intrigues  of  the  Earl  of  Warwick,  who 
was  offended  by  his  rejection  of  the  French  marriage 
alliance  which  he  had  proposed,  and  wa?,witb  the  Duke  of 
Clarence,  plotting  his  overthrow ;  taken  prisoner  by  the 
archbishop  of  York,  one  of  the  leaders  In  Insurrection  of 
Robin  of  Redesdale  [q.  v.],  1469 :  released  by  Warwick, 
who,  with  Clarence,  offered  his  assistance  In  patting  down 
a  reb^ion  (1470)  which  he  had  himself  otvanlscxl;  de> 
feated  the  rebels  at  Losecoat  Field,  1470:  proclaimed 
Warwick  and  Clarence  traitors,  1470 ;  compelled  to  seek 
refuge  In  Holland  by  the  joint-attack  of  Wan^'ick  and 
Clarence,  as  concerted  with  Margaret  of  Aujou,  1470; 
enabled  by  the  money  of  the  Duke  of  Unrguntly  to  return 
to  England,  1471 :  reconciled  to  Clarence ;  took  Henry  YI, 
who  had  just  been  reappointed  king.  In  the  field,  and  de- 
feated and  slew  Warwick  at  Barnet,  1471 ;  captured  Queen 
Ifargaret  at  the  battle  of  Tewkesbury,  1471,  and  slew  her 
son  immediately  afterwards:  quelled  the  Kent  rising 
under  the  Baetanl  Falconbridge  [see  Fauookbkru, 
Thoiia.8],  whom  he  compelled  to  surrender  Sandwich 
and  the  navy  be  had  brought  from  Calais,  1471 ;  raised 
money  by  meann  of  benevolences  and  in  other  unpre- 
cedented ways  for  a  projected  invasion  of  France,  1474 ; 
actually  Invaded  France,  but  was  beguiled  by  the  astute- 
neaa  of  Louis  XI,  who  succeeded  in  making  him  desert  his 
ally,  the  Duke  of  Burgundy,  by  a  seven  years'  treaty  at 
Picquigny,  1476;  Imprisoned  and  murdered  his  brother 
Clarence,  who  had  aspired  to  the  hand  of  Mary,  daughter 
of  the  Duke  of  Burgundy,  1478 :  Ignored  the  appeal  of 

C  C  2 


EDWARD  V 


888 


EDWARDS 


Marj  of  Bargcmdy  for  protection  against  Louis  XI  from 
fear  of  losing  his  French  pension  and  the  stipulated 
marriage  of  his  daughter  to  the  dauphin,  both  secured  by 
the  treaty  of  Pioqoignj ;  uudertook  a  partially  successful 
expedition  against  Scotland  to  dethrone  Jamea  HI  on  the 
plea  of  illegitimacy,  and  to  procure  the  abandonment  of 
the  old  French  alliance,  1483 ;  died,  as  French  writers 
believed,  of  mortification  at  the  treaty  of  Arras  (148S),  by 
which  it  was  arranged  between  Maximilian  of  Burgundy 
and  Louis  XI  that  Margaret,  daughter  of  the  former 
prince,  should  be  married  to  the  dauphin.         [xrii.  70] 

EDWABD  y  (1470-1488),  king  of  England ;  eldest  son 
of  Bdward  IT,  by  his  queen,  Elisabeth  Woodrille  [see 
Elizabeth  (1487  ?-1498)] :  created  Prince  of  Wales,  1471 ; 
entrusted  by  his  father  to  the  care  of  a  council  of  control, 
of  which  his  uncles,  (Clarence  and  Oloucester,  and  his 
maternal  uncle.  Earl  Riyers,  were  members,  1471 ;  justiciar 
of  Wales,  1476  ;  succeeded  to  the  crown,  1488 :  conducted 
to  London  by  the  Duke  of  Qlouoester,  who  had  previously 
imprisoned  Earl  Rivers  and  Lord  Richard  Qrey  at  Pomfret, 
1483 ;  sent  to  the  Tower  with  his  brother,  the  Duke  of 
York,  1483 ;  deposed  by  an  assembly  of  Lords  and  Oom- 
mons,  at  which  was  brought  in  a  roll,  setting  forth 
Gloucester's  right  to  the  crown,  by  the  alleged  invalidity 
of  Edward  IVs  marriage  with  EUzJabeth  Woodville ;  mur- 
dered, with  the  Duke  of  York,  by  order  of  Gloucester,  then 
Richard  III,  according  to  an  irrefragable  account  first 
given  in  detail  by  Sir  Thomas  More.  [xvU.  82] 

EDWABD  VI  (1687-1553),  king  of  England ;  son  of 
Henry  VIII,  by  Jane  Sqrmour ;  his  education  entrusted 
to  Richard  Gox  [q.  v.].  Sir  John  Obeke  [q.  v.]«  Sir 
Anthony  Oooke  [q.  v.],  and  Roger  Ascham  [q.  v.] ;  a 
finished  Greek,  Latm,  imd  French  scholar ;  Intenist  and 
amateur  astronomer ;  knighted  by  the  Earl  of  Hertford, 
his  uncle  and  protector  of  the  realm,  1547 ;  appointed 
Hertford  Duke  of  Somerset,  1547 ;  crowned,  1547 ;  made 
John  Knox  and  Bishop  Ridley,  Latimer,  and  Hooper 
court  preachers  ;  commended  by  Martin  Buoer  in  a  letter 
to  Oalvin;  agreed  to  the  execution  of  Lord  Seymour 
(1549),  who  had  attempted  to  displace  his  brother,  Somer- 
set, taking  advantage  of  Somerset's  departure  to  Scotland 
to  enforce  a  treaty,  by  which  Edward  was  to  marry  Mary 
Queen  of  Scots;  his  marriage  with  Princess  Elizabeth, 
daughter  of  Henry  II  of  France,  settied  in  1551,  but  de- 
ferred ;  nonchalantiy  agreed  to  the  execution  of  Protector 
Somerset  on  charges  brought  by  Warvrick,  then  Duke  of 
Northumberland,  1559;  instnoted  by  William  Thomas, 
clerk  of  the  council,  in  statecraft ;  preserved  neutral 
attitude  in  war  between  the  emperor  and  the  French  king, 
1553  :  showed  deep  concern  at  the  illness  of  Sir  John  Oheke, 
his  frieod  and  tutor,  1563;  attacked  by  consumption, 
1553  ;  gave  palaoe  of  Bridewell  to  oorporatlon  of  London 
as  a  *  workhouse,*  1668;  converted  the  old  Grey  Friars' 
monastery  intoOhrlst's  Hospital,  1568 ;  induced  by  North- 
umberland to  *  devise  *  the  suooeMion  to  Lady  Jane  Grey, 
1568.  Numerous  portraits  of  Edward  are  extant,  most  of 
them  by  Holbein.  [xviL  84] 

EDWABD,  Princb  op  Walbb  (1880-1876),  called  the 
Black  Prinos,  and  sometimes  Edward  IY  and  Edward 
OP  Woodstock  ;  eldest  son  of  Edward  ni  [q.  v.] ; 
created  Duke  of  Oomwall,  1887 ;  guardian  of  the  kingdom 
in  his  father's  absence,  1888,  1840,  and  184S ;  created 
Prince  of  Wales,  1848;  knighted  by  his  father  at  La 
Hogne,  1346 ;  commanded  tiM  van  at  Ortey,  his  father 
intentionally  leaving  him  to  win  the  battle,  1846 ;  named 
the  Black  Prince  after  the  battle  of  Orecy,  at  which  he 
was  possibly  accoutred  In  black  armour;  took  part  in 
Edward  IIFs  Calais  expedition,  1849 ;  appointed  king's 
lieutenant  in  Gasoony,  and  ordered  to  lead  an  army  into 
Aquitaine,  1856 ;  pllUged  Avignonet  and  Oasteluaudary, 
sacked  Carcassonne,  and  plundered  Narbonne,  1865; 
ravaged  Auvergne,  Limousin,  and  Berry,  1866  ;  failed  to 
take  Bounces,  1366 ;  offered  terms  of  peace  to  King  John, 
who  had  outflanked  him  near  Poitiers,  but  refuned  to  sur- 
render himself  as  the  prioe  of  their  acceptance,  1856 ; 
routed  the  French  at  Poitiers,  and  took  Kmg  Jotm 
prisoner,  1356 ;  returned  to  England,  1357 ;  negotiated 
the  treaty  of  Bretigny,  1360 ;  created  Prince  of  Aquitaine 
and  Gascouy,  1368 ;  his  suserainty  disowned  by  the  lord 
of  Albret  and  other  Gascon  nobles ;  dirscted  by  his  father 
to  forbid  the  marauding  raids  of  the  English  and  Gascon 
free  companies,  1364;  entered  into  an  agreement  with 
Don  Pedro  of  (Xntili  and  (Thaxki  of  Kavarre^  bj  whiob 


Pedro  covenanted  to  mortgage  Oastro  de  UrdUaUs  andtlis 
province  of  Biscay  to  him  as  security  for  a  loan  ;  a  ps>- 
sage  was  thus  secured  through  Navarre,  1366 ;  recciTed 
letter  of  defiance  from  Henry  of  Trastamare,  Don  Psdrol 
i  half-brother  and  rival,  1867 ;  defeated  Heury  at  Nsjua 
after  an  obstinate  conflict,  1867 ;  failed  to  obtain  ctthcr 
the  province  of  Biscay  or  liqcddation  of  tbs  debt  from  Don 
Pedro,  1367 ;  prevailed  on  the  estates  of  Aqoitaine  to 
allow  him  a  hearth-tax  of  ten  sous  for  five  years,  IStt, 
tiiereby  alienating  the  lord  of  Albret  and  other  nobkB; 
drawn  into  open  war  with  Charles  V  of  France,  1368 ; 
took  Limogesji,  where  he  gave  orders  for  an  iudiscriminste 
massacre  (1370)  in  revenge  for  the  voluntary  surrender  (A 
that  town  to  the  French  by  its  bishop,  who  had  been  his 
private  friend ;  returned  to  England,  1871 ;  resigned  the 
principality  of  Aquitaine  and  Gascony,  1S7S ;  led  tint 
commons  in  their  attack  upon  the  Lancastrian  adminis- 
tration, 1376  :  buried  in  Canterbury  Cattiedral,  where  bis 
surooat,  helmet,  shidd,  and  gauntlets  are  skill  ymaved. 

[xviLW] 
EDWABD,  Princk  op  Waues  (1468-1471)^  only  sob 
of  Henry  YI ;  created  Prince  of  Wales,  1454 ;  taken  by 
his  mother,  Queen  Margaret,  for  safety  to  Harlech  Osstto 
after  the  lAUcastrian  defeat  at  NorthampUm,  1460 ;  dit> 
inherited  in  parliament,  1460 :  present  at  the  second  battle 
of  St.  Albans,  1461 ;  knighted  by  his  father,  1461 ;  oarrioi 
by  Margaret  into  Scotland,  1461,  and  into  Brittany  and 
France,  1463  ;  ultimately  given,  together  with  Us  motber. 
a  refuge  in  Lorraine  ;  his  cause  favoured  by  Louis  ZI  sod 
Rend  of  Lorraine,  who  arranged  with  the  Earl  of  Warwick 
a  temporarily  successful  invasion  of  England,  1470 ;  eet 
sail  for  England  too  late  to  follow  up  this  advantofe: 
defeated  at  Tewkesbury,  1471,  and  slun,  after  beb^ 
brutally  insulted,  by  order  of  Edward  IT.      [xviL  101] 

BDWABD,  Earl  op  Warwick  (1475-I499),  ddot 
son  of  Gtoorge,  duke  of  Clarence ;  brought  up,  after  hii 
father's  murder,  by  his  aunt,  Anne,  duchess  of  Gloooester: 
knighted  by  Richard  III,  1483 ;  imprisoned  in  the  Tower 
by  Henry  VII,  1485 ;  personated  by  Simnd  in  Irdaod, 
1487,  in  consequence  of  which  Henry  VII  showed  him  to 
one  day  in  the  streets  of  London ;  personated  by  Wiltod, 
1498 ;  tieheaded  on  the  ridiculous  pretence  that  be  hsl 
conspired  against  Henry  VII,  though  he  had  merely  hetpsl 
Warbeck  to  plan  the  escape  of  both  from  prison. 

rxviLlM] 

EDWABD,  DAFYDD  (d.  1690).  [See  Dayid,  Ed- 
ward.] 

EDWABD,  THOMAS  0814-1886),  the  Banff  natazst 
ist ;  settied  in  Banff  to  work  at  his  trade  of  shoemaker, 
1834 :  exhibited  at  the  Banff  fair  a  taxodermic  coDeotion, 
formed  by  himself,  1845 ;  discovered  twenty  new  specks 
of  British  sessile-eyed  Crustacea ;  curator  ox  the  museum 
of  the  Banff  Institution ;  associate  of  the  lAnnM^n  So> 
dety,  1866  ;  pUced  on  the  dvU  list,  1876.        [xviL  106] 

EDWABDE8,  Sir  HERBERT  BENJAMIN  (1819- 
1868),  Indian  official ;  attended  cUsses  at  King's  CoUege, 
London,  1837 ;  cadet,  Bengal  infantry,  1841 ;  aeooDd  heo- 
tenant,  Bengal  fusiliers,  184S ;  Urdu,  Hindi,  and  Persian 

*  interpreter*  to  his  regiment;  contributed  to  the*Ddhi 
Gaxette'  *  Letters  of  Brahminee  Bull  in  India  to  his 
oonsin  John  in  England';  aide^le-camp  to  Sir  Ho^ 
Gough  at  the  battles  of  Moodkee  (1846)  and  Sobraon 
(1846),  and  assistant  (1847)  to  Sir  Henry  Montgomery 
Lawrence,  resident  of  Lahore ;  reformed  civil  adnomistnp 
tion  of  Banu,  1847  ;  twice  routed,  on  his  own  responsibility* 
the  rebel  Diwin  Mulraj,  prince  of  Multan,  1848 ;  brevet- 
major  and  C.R ;  D.C.L.  Oxford,  1850 :  founded  Abbott4bad, 
1858 ;  commissioner  of  Peshawur,  1853-9 ;  prevailed  upon 
Sir  John  Lawrence  to  make,  a  treaty  of  non-interference 
with  the  amir  of  Afghanistan;  induced  Sir  John  Law- 
rence  to  sanction  the  levy  of  a  mixed  force,  which  was 
employed  against  the  mutineers,  1867 ;  knighted;  LL.IX 
Cambridge ;  K.B. ;  commlssicmer  of  Umtialla,  186S :  re- 
turned to  England  finally,  1866  ;  major-general  and  CJS.L ; 
vioe-preeident  of  the  Church  Missionary  Society. 

[xvlLlOT] 
EDWABDS,    AMELIA    ANN    BLANFORD   (1831- 
1892),  novelist  and  egyptologist :  contributed  to* Cham- 
ben's  Journal,'  *  Household  Words,'  and  *A11  the  Tear 
Round,'  and  served  on  staff  of  *  Saturday  Review'  and 

*  Morning  Post ' ;  published  eight  novds  between  1866  and 
1880;  first  visited  Egypt,  1873-4,  and  began  study  of 
egyptology;  did  much  to  bring  about  foondatioo  oC 
Egypt  Exploration  Fund,  188S,aQd  was  flnt  joint  bono* 


UT:  Itotond  Lb  UnlUd  BUto,  IBSB-H,  ud  I 
Clara  u  ^Ptunotii,  FclJAhfl,  uid  Biplww*,*  ' 
nqutbid  ber  asTpKiliiglo]  UDixrx  ud  »1- 
Uniiinily  CaUigt.  LondDD.  togstbw  with 
and  >  ctvir  ol  wplolggj.  [Siippl.  U.  179] 
UW.,  ARTHUR  (d.  ITM),  najor ;  FAi, 
iBAJor  of  Uh  Koond  troofi  ol  bDrB«  pianli 
r  sunt.  LADd«n ;  (sn  r,CIM. 


.    -T(iLle6e),T^c4de:  jdDH) 

„  lojiltji  to  Cbwlei  ■  -         ■    ■■- 

'.   tar  ahropililnr 


i  £^ls 


.     JAllBS     <irB7-I«l»>,    b 

blblloffTftpber ;  parcbtr-^  ■*--  °' — "— 

llgimoci  Hid  It  bjm , ,_ 

—    Mlwil  (lemp.  Hhuj  VI) ; 


SDWASSS,    JOHN  (lU7-mil>,   CiItIhIiUii  dlrine: 
'  ~  Bdwiin]iatm-]M7)rq.t.]:  edaaud  it 

-  .  .    .    ",0,^^  Ounbridge; 


B.A„  IMI:  E^ovr,  lUS:k.A^ ., 

^  i;  ralgmd  biifellowidilpukl 


r^ylon'  uid  St.  jQhu'j 

!■:  ralgiud  bii felloe 

of  Be  Sepololm'i.  Cunhridga; 


EDWARD    (DU-laW). 


law).    p>tD(«r  ;    of 

Um  SoolttT  of  Arta 

IH :  A.hX>  nri :  tnTcllod 
0f  povpflcfirB  Ht  tbe  Hcjjd 


KS 


[itU.  HI] 
IHS  (SlOK    T    PonilI)(lTOO  MTJB), 
(ir«r-«>  of  Um  'PUcrlm'i  Tngnm' 


«  gndoallj  blind':  pabllibed  '  Tbe  Bitinl- 
JicUheit  iamderisef  Tablts,' 1W3. 

SSa.  HEHBT  THOMAS  (I817-]ll8t).  deu  oI 


XDWAASB,  ROOBR  (1811-IBMl,  Wdmh  C>]Tlpi>tlc 
rt  ;   (dltor    of  ■Croidcl  Jt  CW.'  u  Birlj  Wtllh 

Slitlcal  pipB,  LS3t-8:Hcnui7Df  ibiCKlTliiinia  Unbo- 
lt AjiootaUon,  IBa*-;*;  D.D. ;  Bdilof  o(  the'Drysorf*,' 
1»«-M,  [ITlL  UB] 

XDWASSB,     BYDKNHAM     TBaK      (UW-'^ltX 
□ftttm]  bUtorial  dr^nffhtunui  ^  founderf'"* 
»]  UigulDi'  ;  ■iccuud  drmwl™  fron 


BDWABBS 


two 


BGAN 


and  Procris  *  and  '  Nardnas  * ;  contributed  to  Adrianos 
Romana8*t  *  Panmm  Tbeatnim  Urblam,*  flfty-fire  Latin 
hexameters  on  the  cities  of  Italy,  1696  ;  possiblj  identical 
with  a  Thomas  Bdwazds  (fdlow  of  All  Soals  College, 
Oxford;  D.O.L^  1690),  who  became  chanodlor  to  the 
bishop  of  London.  [zrii.  136] 

EBWAKD8,  THOMAS  (1699-1647),  anthorof  *Oan- 
graena*:  M.A.  Qaeens*  College,  Cambridge;  anirerxity 
preacher  at  Cambridge,  where  be  became  known  as 
*  Yoang  Lather*;  omered  to  recant,  1628;  licensed  to 
preach  in  St.  Botolph's,  Aldgate,  1639:  suspended  by 
Land  ;  a  zealoas  presbyterian,  attacking  the  independents 
in  *  Antapologla,'  1644 ;  poblished  *  Gangrana ;  or  a  .  .  . 
Discovery  of  many  Brrours,  Heresies,  Blasphemies,  and 
pernicious  Practioes,'  1646.  an  intemperate  polemic; 
died  in  Holland.  [xvii.  137] 

EDWABD8,  THOMAS  (1663-1731),  divine  and 
orientalist ;  M.A.  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  1677 ; 
engaged  to  assist  In  the  Coptic  impression  of  the  New 
Testament,  1686 ;  chapUin  of  Christ  Church,  Oxford ; 
z«ctor  of  Aldwinckle  AU  Saints,  1707-31 ;  left  a  CopUc 
lexicon  ready  for  the  press.  [xrlL  188] 

EDWARDS,  THOMAS  (1699-1767),  criUc ;  entered 
at  Lincoln's  Inn,  1781 ;  F.S.A.,  1746  ;  published,  on  the 
appearance  of  Warburton's  edition  of  Shakespeare  (1747), 
an  ironical  supplement,  subsequently  named* The  Canons 
of  Criticism  * :  nriend  of  Samuel  Richardson  [q.  ▼.]  ;  wrote 
Miltonic  sonnets.  [xyiL  189] 

EDWARDS,  THOMAS  (lin-llSb),  dirlne;  M.A. 
Clare  Hall,  Cambridge,  1764  ;  fellow;  master  of  the  free 
grammar  school  and  rector  of  St.  John  the  Baptist, 
Coventry,  1768-79  ;  D.D.,  1766 ;  published  'Prolegomena 
in  Libros  Yeteris  Testamenti  Poetioos,*  1768,  and  wrote 
against  doctrine  of  irresistible  grace,  1769.      [xviL  189] 

EDWARDS,  THOMAS  (A  1810),  divine  :  son  of 
Thomas  Edwards  (1739-1786)  [q.  v.]  ;  LL.B.  Clare 
College,  Cambridge,  1783 ;  fellow  of  Jesus  College,  1787  ; 
LL.D. :  published  treatise  on  free  Inquiry  in  religion,  1793. 

[XTILISO] 

EDWARDS,  THOMAS  (1776?-1846X  Uw  reporter; 
LL.D.  Trinity  Hall,  Cambridge,  1806;  fellow  of  Trinity 
Hall  and  advocate  at  Doctors'  Commons :  Surrey  magis- 
trate ;  compiled  a  collection  of  admiralty  oases,  1818. 

[xviL  180] 

EDWARDS,  THOMAS  (Caerpallwcr)  (1779-1868X 
Welfih  author  ;  published  *  An  Analvsls  of  Welsh  Ortho- 
graphy,' 1846,  and  an  *  English  and  Welsh  Dictionary,* 
1860.  [xvlL  180] 

EDWARDS,  THOMAS  CHARLES  (18S7-1900), 
divine ;  son  of  Lewis  Edwards  [q.  v.] ;  M.A.  London,  1868 ; 
B.A.  Lincoln  GoUege,  Oxford,  1866 :  M.A.,  1873 ;  firet 
principal  of  University  CoUege  of  Wales,  Aberystwyth, 
1872-91,  of  Welsh  Calvinistic  metbodist  theological  college, 
Bala,  1891 ;  D.D.  Edinburgh,  1887,  University  of  Wales, 
1898 ;  published  religious  works.  [SnppL  IL  178] 

EDWARDS,  WILLIAM  (1719-1789),  bridge-builder 
in  South  Wales;  originated  (1761)  the  invention  of  per- 
forated haunches  to  remove  the  pressure  to  which  the 
single  arch  of  his  bridge  over  the  Talf  had  succumbed  ; 
independent  minister.  [xviL  180] 

EDWARDS,  WILLIAM  CAMDEN  (1777-1856),  en- 
graver, mainly  of  portrait-plates.  [xviL  131] 

EDWARD6T0K,  THOMAS  (</.  1S96),  Angustinlan 
friar  :  D.D.  Oxford  ;  prior  of  Clare,  Suffolk ;  accompanied 
Lionel,  duke  of  CUience,  to  Italy  as  confessor ;  acted  as 
arobbiiihop  of  some  English  diocese.  [xviL  181] 

EDWnr  or  EADWIHE,  Lat.  iEnuixus  (686?- 
6S3),  king  of  Northimibfia  ;  ron  of  iElla,  king  of  Deira, 
on  whose  death  in  688  he  fled  before  ^Gthelric  of  Bemicia, 
conqueror  of  Ddra,  to  Cearl  of  Mercia:  subsequently 
sought  asylum  with  Reedwald,  king  of  the  East-Anirles, 
.617:  his  Burroider  promised  by  Redwaldto  ^thelfrith, 
JGthelric's  son  and  successor ;  accosted  by  Paulinus,  who 
gave  him  a  sign  for  future  recognition,  soon  after  which 
lUedwaki  defeated  and  stew  iBthelfrith,  617.  Edwin  there- 
upon became  king  of  Ddra,  and,  annexing  Bemicia  and 
neighbouring  territory,  formed  Uie  united  Northumbrian 
kingdom ;  extended  his  power  in  all  directions ;  in  635 
married  iEthelburh,  lister  of  Eadbald,  king  of  Kent ;  con- 
Terted  to  OhriitlAnity  by  the  aetion  of  Fianlinus  in  re- 


minding him  of  the  sign  given  him  at  IfaedwaM's  oont: 
baptised,  637 ;  appointed  Paulinus  arobbisbop  of  York; 
defeated  and  slain  in  battle  with  Ffenda  [q.  v.]  of  Merd*. 

[xvii.  Itt) 

EDWnr,  ELIZABETH  RBBBOOA  (17717-1H4), 
actrcM  ;  n4e  Richards  ;  appeared,  when  eight  year*  old,  it 
the  Crow  Street  Theatre,  Dublin  ;  acted  at  0>vent  Qvrim 
\n  Murphy's  *Citixen,'  1789 ;  the  original  Lady  Trsffleia 
*  Riches,  or  the  Wife  and  Brother,'  at  Uw  Ljoeom,  1810 ; 
played,  1831,  the  Duenna  in  Sheridan's  comic  opera  at 
Drury  Lane,  where  she  had  been  engaged  at  the  reeom- 
mendation  of  T.  Sheridan.  [xviL  184] 

BDWnr,  Sir  HUMPHREY  (1643-1707X  lord  majror 
of  London  ;  wool  merchant  In  Great  &t.  Bdois  ;  master 
of  the  Burber-Surgeons'  Company,  1688 ;  member  of  the 
Skinners'  Company;  sheriff  of  Oiamorganshire,  and 
knighted,  1687  ;  present  as  sheriff  of  London  and  Middle- 
sex (1688-9)  at  the  proclamation  of  William  and  Muy; 
commissioner  of  excise,  1689-91 :  captain  of  a  tiainbaad 
regiment  and  of  the  horse  volunteers  :  cashiered  from  bii 
military  appointments  for  nonconformity,  1690;  lopl 
mayor,  1697^;  acquiesced  in  an  order  to  diaoonttnoe  bii 
much  ridiculed  practice  of  attending  noDCOofbrmiit 
meetings  in  fuU  civic  state,  1697.  [xviL  1J5] 

EDWnr,  JOHN,  the  ekier  (1749-1790).  coaHdiaB: 
secretary  for  one  year  to  the  South  Sea  Trust;  took 
comic  parts  at  the  Smock  Al^y  Theatre,  Dublin,  and  it 
Bath ;  for  a  long  time  the  mainstay  of  the  Haymarfat; 
appeared  at  Covent  Oarden  after  1779 ;  aasodated  with 
John  O'Keeff e,  who  wrote  comic  songs  for  him :  crested 
Figaro  in  the  *  Spanish  Barber '  and  Punch  in  *  Pleasoia 
of  the  Town  '  (adaptation  from  Fidding) ;  fdayed  Dor- 
berry,  Cloien,  Sir  Anthony  Absolute,  and  siniQar  ehano- 
ters ;  praised  by  0>lman  as  a  bnrleita  singer. 

[xvlLlST] 

EDWIir,  JOHN,  the  younger  (1768-1806X  actor:  mb 
of  John  Edwin  the  ekier  [q.  ▼.] ;  appeared  at  the  Hi^- 
market  as  Hengo  in  'Bondnca,'  1778*  and  as  Blister  in 
*The  Virgin  Unmasked,'  1798;  committed  suicide  fiOBi 
mortification  at  a  lampoon.  [xviL  IM] 

EDWTorEADWIO  id.  969),  king  of  the  EngUah; 
ddest  son  of  Badmund  and  St.  .fil^lifn :  became  kiiif, 
966 ;  exiled  Dunstan  for  refusing  to  authorise  hispropond 
marriage  with  iBlfglfu  [q.  v.] ;  forced  by  the  *  witan'  to 
resign  the  country  north  of  the  Thames  to  his  brotlMr 
Eadgar,  967 ;  appointed  two  opponents  of  Dnoftsa'i 
monastic  reforms  to  the  see  of  Canterbury.    [xviL  140] 


EDZELL,  Lord  (1661 7-1610).  [See  Lixxmat,  Sb 
David.] 

ESDES,  JOHN  (1609 7-1667  ?X  divine;  B.A.  Grid 
College,  Oxford,  1630;  ejected  from  his  ministry  in  the 
iste  of  Shropcy  during  the  civil  war ;  pablished  *  The 
Orthodox  Doctrine  concerning  Justification  by  Faith 
asserted  and  vindicated,*  1664.  [xviL  141] 

SEDE8,  RICHARD  (1666-1604).    [SeeBDEK.] 


RICHARD  (d.  1686X  prmbyterlan  divine: 
M.A.  Corpus  Christi  College,  Oxforil,  1684  :  subscribed  the 
covenant ;  vicar  of  Beckford,  1647-68 ;  attempted,  wttb- 
ont  success,  to  conciliate  the  court  party  after  Uie  Re- 
storation ;  published  homilies.  [xviL  141] 

EFFIKOHAX,  first  Earl  of  the  aeoond  creation 
(1767-1845).    [See  Howard,  Kbkxicth  AI.KXAXDIB.] 

EFFDTOHAK,  Baroks.  [See  Howard,  Lord  Wil- 
UAM,  first  Baron,  1610?-167S;  Howard,  Charles* 
seoond  Baron,  1686-1684.] 

EOAV.  JAMES  (1799-1848),  meszotint  engraver ;  of 
humble  origin :  learnt  his  art  while  em^oyed  in  layint? 
mezzotint  grounds  for  S.  W.  Reyn(rfds  (1778-1838)  [q.  v.]  ; 
died  before  attaining  success.  [xvu.  141] 

EOAV,  JOHN  (1760  ?-1810X  chairman  of  Kilmaia- 
ham,  CO.  Dublin:  B.A.  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  1773; 
called  to  the  Irish  bar,  1778 :  bencher  of  King's  Imu, 
Dublin,  1787;  LL.D.,  Aoiiorii  caaid,  Dublin,! 790:  chau^ 
man  of  Kilmalnham ;  sat  for  Tallagh  In  the  Iiiah  How 
of  (Emmons.  [zriL  143] 

BOAV,  PIERCE,  the  eMer  (1778-1849),  aatiior  of 
*  Life  in  London ' :  attacked  the  Prince  Regent  and  Mm 
Robinson  in  *  The  Mistress  of  Royalty ;  or  tbe  Loves  of 
Floriad  and  Perdita,*  1814;  i«a«i  *  Bosiana ;  or8ketd» 


EGAN 


891 


EGERTON 


^ss 


n  Pagilinn,*  a  montlily  serial,  1818-S4;  brooght 
i  in  I/mdon :  or.  The  Day  and  Night  Soenea  of 
.wthom  .  .  .  and  .  .  .  Oorinthian  Tom,  aocom* 
r  Bob  Logic,'  in  nwntbly  nambers  from  1821,  a 
efa  wsa  frequently  aramatised  and  pirated :  pub- 
didactio  seqaeL,  1828:  famished  the  'iOang 
to  Pnuacis  Grose's  'Dictionaiy  of  the  Vulgar 
ms  ;  commenced  *  IHerce  Sgan's  Life  in  London 
rtiing  Quide,'  a  weekly  newspaper,  1824 ;  com- 
,  *  Pierce  Egau's  Book  of  Sports  and  Mirror 
dedicated  to  Queen  Victoria  *  The  Pllgiims 
in  Search  of  the  NatiouaL,*  1838. 

[xvii.  142] 
r,  PIEACE.  the  younger  (1814-188U),  novelist: 
ace  Egmn  the  elder  [q.  v.] :  executed  etchings 
POgrima  of  the  Thames  in  Search  of  the  National,' 
MfaHgii  novels  of  the  feudal  period:  edited  the 
irele,*  1849-61 :  contributed  to '  London  Journal* 
r  periodicals  :  best-known  works,  '  Eve ;  or  the 
Innocenoe,*  1867,  and '  The  Poor  Girl,'  1862-3 : 
f  cbeap  literature.  [xvii.  144] 

EST  or  SOQBERHT,  Saint  (689-729),  a  noble 
bo  *  Tiaited  the  cells  of  the  mastera '  to  study  in 
after  652:  priest  and  monk  in  accordance 
yw :  remonstrated  with  the  Northumbrian  king, 
on  Ida  unprovoked  war  with  the  Irish,  c.  684 : 
•>.  Columba's  monasteries  in  lona,  716 :  succese- 
rocated  the  Roman  Easter  in  lona,  716,  Intro- 
■o  the  Roman  tonsure,  718.  [xvii.  146] 

CRT  or  SCOBSBHT  (<f.  766),  archbishop  of 
main  of  Oeolwulf  [q.  v.],  king  of  Northumbria : 
jp  of  York,  732-66:  obtained  his  pall  from  Rome, 
reme  in  ecclesiastical  matters,  issuing  also  coins 
his  own  name  along  with  that  of  his  brother 
[q.  T.3,  king  of  Northumbria :  founded  the 
1  BclHwl  of  York,  in  which  he  lumaelf  taught : 
;lin  ecclesiastical  works.  [xvii.  147] 

CRT,  EGOBSRHT,  or  EOOBETHT  (</.  839), 
the  West-Saxons;  son  of  Ea]hmund,an  under- 
^ei^:  banished  from  England  by  Offa  of  Mercia 
htaric  of  Weesex  [q.  v.],  the  latter  conceiving  his 
y  be  endangered  by  ^bert's  ancestral  claims: 
the  coart  of  Oharlonagne  till  802 :  accepted  as 
ibe  West-Saxons,  802 :  routed  a  force  of  Gomish- 
25 :  regained  the  kingdom  of  Kent :  received  final 
3D  of  Merda,  838 ;  overlord  of  Northumbria,  and 
tretwalda,  829 ;  defeated  by  Scandinavian  pirates 
aoath,  836 :  probably  brought  the  shire  military 
^on  to  its  completion  in  Wessex :  agreed  to  a 
1  alliance  with  the  archbishop  of  Canterbury  at 
L,  8%:  defeated  northmeu  and  Comishmen  at 
lone,  837.  [xvii.  148] 

ITOH.  CH.\RLES  CHANDLER  (1798-1886),  J»nr- 
amt  medicine  at  the  then  united  hcepitals  of  St. 
g  and  Guy's;  aiisigtant-snrgeon  on  the  Bengal 
ment  to  deal  with  eye-disease  among  the  Indo- 
n  lads  of  the  lower  orphan  school,  1823 ;  oculist 
dian  Eye  Hospital :  first  surgeon  at  the  Calcutta 
Goilege  Hospital.  [xvii.  161] 

KTOH,  DANIEL  (1772-1835),  actor ;  bred  to  the 
snber  of  the  Coveut  Garden  Company,  Henry 
illas  Aufidius,Syphax,  anil  Clytus  being  esteemed 
parts  in  tragedy  ;  manatTcr  of  the  Olympic,  1821, 
adkr's  Well«,  1821-4 :  ruined  by  the  failure  (IS.'U ) 
ictoria  Theatre,  of  which  he  was  proprietor. 

[xvii.  161] 
RTOH,  FRANCIS,  thinl  and  lai>t  Dukk  of 
ITATER  (1736-1803) :  devoted  himself,  after  making 
»d  tour,  to  the  development  of  his  coal  mines  at 
,  Lancashire,  1759:  called  the  founder  of  British 
avigatioQ  on  account  of  the  canal  which  he  em- 
ames  Brindley  [q.  v.]  to  construct  from  Worslcy 
befter,  1760 :  constructed,  under  great  pecuniary 
es,  a  canal  connecting  Manchester  and  Liverpool, 
;  subscribed  100,000/.  to  the  loyalty  loan ;  *  the 
at  Manchester  man.*  [xvii.  151] 

RTOH,  FRANCIS,  first  Earl  of  Ei.lksmerk 
97  X  statesman  and  poet ;  educated  at  Eton  and 
Chm^b,  Oxford ;  captain  in  the  Staffordshire 
t  of  yeomanry,  1819  ;  M.P.,  Bletohingley,  1822-6  ; 

promoter  of  free-tmde  and  the  London  Univer- 
.P.  for  Sutherland,  1826  and  1830,  for  South  Lan- 

1886,  1837,  and  1841-6 ;  privy  councillor,  1828 ; 


privy  councillor  for  Ireland,  1828 ;  secretary  at  war,  18S0 ; 
D.C.L.  Oxford,  1834 :  rector  of  King's  College,  Aberdeen, 
1838;  first  president  of  Camden  Society,  1838;  president 
of  the  British  Association,  1842,  and  of  otlwr  learned 
txxlles :  created  Viscount  Braokley  of  Brackley  and  Earl 
of  EUesmere  of  Elleamere,  1846  ;  K.G..  1866.  His  trans- 
lations include  *  Faust  .  .  .  and  Schiller's  Song  of  the 
Bell,'  1823,  and  Amarl's  *  History  of  the  War  of  the 
Sicilian  Vespers,*  1860,  his  original  works  'Donna 
Charitea,  poeions,'  and  a  *  Guide  to  Northern  Archeology,* 
1848.  [xvii.  16S] 

SOERTOir,  FRANCIS  HENRY,  eiglith  Earl  op 
Brii>okwater  (1766-1829),  foimder  of  the  'Bridgewater 
Treatises  *:  son  of  John  Egerton,  bishop  of  Durham 
[q.  v.] ;  educated  at  Eton,  Christ  Church  and  All  Souls 
Oollege,  Oxfonl;  M.A.,  1780;  feUow  of  All  Souls,  1780; 
pret>endary  of  Durham,  1780  :  held  livings  in  Shropshire; 
F.R.S.,  1781 ;  F.S.A.,  1791 :  prince  of  the  Holy  Roman 
Empire:  succeeded  as  Earl  of  Bridgewater,  Viscoant 
Brackley,  and  Baron  Ellesmere,  1823  :  left  8,0001.  for  the 
best  work  on  *  The  Gooilneits  of  God  as  manifested  in  tl>e 
Creation,'  which  was  dividetl  among  the  eight  authors 
of  the  *  Bridgewater  Treatises';  published  translations, 
family  biographies,  and  other  works.  [xvlL  164] 

SOERTOV,  JOHN,  first  Earl  op  Brtdoewatsr 
(1679-1649),  son  of  Sir  Thomas  Egerton,  baron  EUesmere 
[q.  v.] ;  served  in  Essex*!*  Irish  expedition,  1699 :  H.P., 
Shropshire,  1601 ;  knighted,  1603 ;  honorary  M.A.  of 
Oxford,  whither  he  accompanied  Jama  L  1606  :  created 
Earl  of  Bridgewater,  1617:  privy  councillor,  1626:  lord- 
lieutenant  of  Wales,  1631,  Milton's  '  Comus '  being  written 
for  the  festivities  held  at  Ludlow  Castle  (1634)  on  the 
occasion  of  his  taking  up  the  appointment    [xvii.  166] 

EOERTOK,  JOHN,  second  Earl  of  Bridokwatkr 
(1622-1686),  eldest  surviving  son  of  John,  first  earl  [q.  ▼.] : 
represented  the  Elder  Brother  in  Milton's  *  Oomus  *  at  Its 
first  performance,  1634;  high  steward  of  Oxford  Uni- 
versity, 1663;  M.A.,  1663:  privy  councillor,  1666  and 
1G79 :  a  commissioner  to  inquire  into  the  expenditure  of 
the  Dutch  war  vote,  1667.  [xrii.  166] 

EOERTOH,  JOHN,  third  Earl  of  Bridgewatrr 
(1646-1701),  eldest  surviving  son  of  John,  second  earl 
[q.  v.] :  K.B.,  1660 ;  knight  of  the  shire  for  Buckingham- 
shire, 1686 ;  Bucceoded  as  earl,  1686 ;  removed  from  lord- 
lieutenancy  of  Buckinghamshire,  as  disaffected,  1687; 
re-instated  by  William  III ;  privy  councillor ;  first  lord 
of  the  admiralty,  1699 ;  lord- justice  of  the  kingdom,  1699. 

[xvii.  167] 

EOERTOV,  JOHN  (1721-1787),  bishop  of  Durham; 
alucated  at  Eton  and  Oriel  College,  Oxford :  prebendary 
of  Hereford,  1746;  king's  chaphiin,  1749:  dean  of  Here- 
ford, 1760:  D.C.L. :  bishop  of  Bangor,  1766-68;  bishop 
of  Lichfield,  1768-71 ;  prebendary  of  St.  Paul's,  1768  ; 
bishop  of  Durham,  1771 ;  granted  a  new  charter  to  the 
city  of  Durham,  1780.  [xvii.  168] 

EOERTOH.  Sir  PHILIP  nK  MALPA8  GREY-  (1806- 
1881),  palteontologist ;  educated  at  Eton  and  Christ 
Church,  Oxfonl :  B.A.,  1828 ;  travelled  with  a  frientl  over 
Gkormnny,  Italy,  and  Switzerland,  in  quest  of  fossil  fishes : 
M.P.  for  Che!<ter,  1830  ami  1836-68,  for  West  Cheshire, 
1868-81 ;  contributed  to  the  '  Decodes  of  the  Geological 
Survey  of  Great  Britain';  P.G.S.,  1829:  F.R.S.,  1831; 
Wollat^ton  medallist  of  the  Geological  Society,  1873 ;  pub- 
lished antiquarian  works  and  catalogues  of  liis  collections. 

[xvii.  169] 

EQERTOV,  SARAH  (1782-1847X  actress  ;  «<{*  Fisher : 
appeared  at  Bath,  1803:  overshadowed  as  a  tragedian  at 
Coveut  Ganlcn  (1811-13)  by  Mrs.  Siddons;  the  original 
Ravina  in  Pocock's  'MiUer  and  his  Men,'  1813  :  excelled 
in  melodrama.  [xvii.  169] 

EOERTOK.  STEPHEN  (1556  ?-l 621  ?),  puritan 
divine ;  M.A.  Peterhouse,  Cambridge,  1579 :  leader  in  for- 
mation of  presbytery  at  Wandsworth :  suspended  for  re- 
fusing to  subscribe  Whitgiffs  articles,  1684 ;  imprisoned, 
1690 :  miniBter  of  St.  Anne's,  Blackfriars,  1598-c.  1621 ; 
Introduced  petition  to  the  lower  house  of  convocation  for 
a  reformed  prayer-book,  1604 ;  published  sermons. 

[xvii.  160] 

EOERTOK,  Sir  THOMAS,  Barox  Ellesmerb  and 
Viscount  Bracklky  (1640?-1617),  lord  chancellor ;  bar- 
rister of  Lincoln's  Inn,  1572;  governor  of  the  inn,  1680; 
treasurer,  1687 :  solicitor-general,  1681 ;  attorney-general, 
1692 ;   knighted,  1693 ;    master  of  the  rolls,  1694-1603 ; 


.ioiui ;    bf  fnfflidcil 


<r  denlBmtwn  that 


vnfDrAlthFDmtboliD  peiullitwBi  bdped  to  detenaJDe  the 
Aotot  Onion  batmen  Bn|t1>»l  Rod  SooUand  (IBug  uul 
1«I7>,  cnHlntalnLiw  Uw  rlgbt  of  >  SootuDiin  bam  aFUr 
Jamn  Tf  ■oosoloii  (o  bold  Und  In  Bt^tiind,  ieu8 ;  cIihd- 
DQlhjr  of  Oitfiffd,  1810-17:  obtained  from  Bucon  an  opLnlon 
In  fimarot  Cbr  eqnltr  court  ajnlmt  Cotn.  1616:  oiEaCed 
7lwiHiDt  BnioklFy.iaia :  reigned  th«  lord  cbancfllloriblp, 
iai7;  complimented  by  Sir  John  DiTkd,  <Jniiid«t.  Bni 
.lon»n.and  Samnel  Daniel:  left  In  mnniuoopt  |udlc1a[ 
HDdlq;!!!  tnstlwb  [itU.  ISI] 


Enrop«n  Arf  (irIL  lei] 

EBDLESFIBtll.    HOBBET  (d.   1U«>.    [6«  E0LB8- 
BOOLSSTOira,    WILLIAM    (/.  1SD9-U»h       [Sec 

Ett'LE8TOHB.l 

SOnTT0K.FRAN0IS(173T-ieM).  painter  onKliHi: 
p«lnljn(-i' or 'i»lyp»ph!,' tbs  '      ' 


ioctoiy  at  Blnainffhiua, 


,         EBTor  (J.  ISMX  founder  of  the 

Qn«n'«  Collem.  OifoM:  lald  to  have  bera  B.D.  d(  Oi' 
font;  4^h]ipLain  to  Qnf^o  Fblilppa,  and  nctor  of  BuTicb. 

Sobolan  of  Oxfonl'  by  royal  ohorter.  1391;  drew  ap 
BliilulM  for  hl»  foundation,  IMl ;  pwalblj  Idenlicsl  nltb 
Robert  de  EgleaBelil,  knlgbloftbe  fliire  Iw  '^- — ■--'-■ 


imOS  Of.  1093X  ^^ib  prlnoe  1 

marr)  leitin'HdauiibLer;  or^niwl  a 

SIRERXUB.  PBILALETBBS  ((. 


nceof  Mat- 
which  gan 


Jrlfwj  Bkiat 

Initlei  with  d< 
malnsi  Ooimit  „ 


iR  0HARLE3  (I7ea-IB»).  ai 


;  vroundfld  at  Al^en.  II 


1771.  and  of  Bedgefleld,  1777; 

poet,  and  Inuifditor  of '  The  Ld< 
fnnn  Apollpnln.  Bhodliu,  "" 


SLCHO,  Loiin  {17SI-1787).    [i 
IMJ).  an 


of  UoJis  and  Jun' 

[«T1L  IM] 

in    (iew-17M).     [Sea   Ohut.  Fi' 

W10HM,  Divm] 


I.-,  parion 


in  1II3. 


[IT 


EOUMTOK,  BiBia  OF.  [SeeMtBrmoKrant.  Hijoh, 
Bnt  EiM.  USOf-lMl;  HONTOOIIUUB.  HOOH,  third 
BaBL.,  UIl?-lUt:  MoKTOOitKittK,  AuuuNDm.  dith 
Sari,  IfiBS-lasl:  Uontoohdue,  Hfoh,  lenntta  Euu, 
141S-IMn);  UoKTaoimin,  Aleukdeb.  ninth  Birl, 
luaT-t71B;  HasTCHUiRRiE.  AutZAmot.  tenth  Bun, 
int-\7W;  MoNTOOHmii.  Ajuhubud.  deranUi  Buit, 
17M-I7Bt;  UoHTooiuBn,  Hdok,  tweltth  Baku  1711- 


th^'m^W'  i^l^i  publlBbni  (IfllB) '  ProdrommYuidjI^'t^i 
&  pampblct  charging  the  Duke  of  Bocklngbam  wltl 
helnE  a  palHiniT :  rctlKd  to  Bmwela  from  the  anger  e 
tbediikc,  1«I6,  [iTll,  IM] 

XOXONT.  Etnu<  OF.  [fin  Prrcrvvl.  JoHK.  flrgi 
EiBi.  14S3-1748 :  FmcKriL,  John.  Hwad  Kahl,  1711- 
1770,] 

XatXKOtrT,  EiBis  oy.  [Sec  WvNnnm.  En 
OilARLeH.  avnnd  RaRt,  1)10-1781  ;  Wt-kdriu,  BlF 
Georm  O'BaiK,-,  third  Kabu  17S1-1M7.] 


.     .  (1710-1770),  botanic 

u  Cllflartiinne.'  1737:  befriended  In 
litn  of  Portland,  »r.  Moid,  and  Sir 
nublisbed  worki,  Tlantw  BelEcts,' 


[nit.  1»1 
-leal  aj^pB< 

nhlbUiagat  the  Academ;  with  a  ■  Sappho,' ISW, 

riTlLlflU 

ZLDXK,     EDWARD    (lB13-lSae>,   he»l-maiUr   d 

ChartuhooH;    Hlncaled    at  CbartCTbooH ;    aobobi  oC 

Bnltlol  OoUege.  Qifotd.  1B)0:  mierUn  prusnan;  KJL, 

gram'mnr  ectaool  1«3» :'  bnd.maiUr  ot  ObarlahoaiblWI: 
D.D..  leil:  conlribntBl  artiolw  lo  Smitli^  ■DioUomrj 
ot  Clanlcal  ItlognphT  and  Jifythology.'         [iilL  1701 

XLDXR,  JOHH  <JI.  IBSI).  Scottlnh 
at  St,  AndrewA.  AbpTdcfln,  and  GIoarow 
preBedt«d  Henrr  VIII    with  a  '  plot '  or  topo^raphica 
deBJiiptIr-  -'  "—'--'  —  — ■  ' -■  ' '  - 


g  of  Bdinhu^h  College. 
ZLSES,   WILLIAM  (A  IMO-KOOX  oncraTia 
ipcrt  mginTBr  ol  wrltbig ;  cngnied  portrait  o 

[nTll. : 

ELDESnSLS,  CHRtSTOPHBR(lMi7-ie91),d 


ELDEKTOM, 
BberllTe  court ;  p 


WUtbj,  JofnllT  with  ha  moOa,  EtnBwl  [q.  t.J.  on :  c 
tbe  lidi  ot  Wilfrith  at  ilv  NorthumbrUui  vj^odi  70ft. 

jaJtBI»A(d.SIBtX    [See  BTHBLn^i./*    ' '"' 


™T.S ,  S"^ 


nf  Uie  Eut  India  Cam; 
I.  THOMAS  (A  lBSe-16 


IB,    ALIE70E,    or  XBOR,   Di;< 

It qoeefl  of  HauTQ ;  dughtcr oC  ^ 
iiuiiw :  duttM  bj  Iter  tettier'i  ht 


Tllof  tUigluuL  11)7:  < 


^nfuh  king,  IIM:  liid  vuM  AdIoq,  wbloh 
I  for  ber  fnftdMn  Artfanr  Kgalnit  ibia  John, 
ipqd  bj  John  vbon  Arthnr  And  OeoTInj  de 
Eriisal  ber  in  Hlimbeu  Outlo,  13U1 ;  barfed 
ad  Abba;,  wboc  ifaa  bad  oue  Ured  In  reUrs- 
[iTlL  171] 


la  BngUih 


m  clalou  on  Gaaoonj  lud  hi 
tbiBX  >Dd  Mantnmll :  eot«n 


ucWngi 


H  halung-ptufa. 


(.  IMl).  qaeea  of 
. :  loflt  popolnrit; 


let  o1  Psjn^aa 

riadlBHair/l 

tulltr  lo  I'DilfitD  adiu 

bmbud  on  big  abortlie  expedition' U 


It  Slaja  to  agbC  (or  Seci 
fj».  IflW-lTMX  potter:  i 


71*?).  »b 


11M).  voolti 
u.;  mj  rtoar  1 
c-  Abh«7:  r^iokpi 
A.nne   ot    BceUi 

ELFOKD.  E 

M.P.,  PljBiDuUi,  17Be-lB0fl',  m...     ,  ,  _ ,_ 

IHUT-Si  lieolenuit-aatoDel  or  Uk  South  Devon  mliltii  In 
Ircluid,  17ll«-> ;  f.RJS,.  11V3 :  crated  bnronrb,  I8U0 ;  a- 
bIblCed  at  Che  Jto^  Aoadonj.  Illt-1B17:  triad  of 
WlUlam  Pitt  (l7tQ-ISUt).  [irU.  lU] 

EUBIDA  (HS-IMKI).    [See  Xlttokitb.] 
SLOW,  BtnLs  or.      [Kee  BnttirK,  Robert.  Eccond 
BlHL,  d.   ]«U  ;  BnucE,  Thouih,  third  Birl,  l«»t  f- 
1711  ;    Biiiio,    THoma,   Kvanth     Biri,    176S-IMt ; 
hROCs,  JxiiEH,  eighth  EiBL,  IBll-ie«l.] 
ZLaiVA(.II.  9SG).    [B«  .XLiomt.] 


dist:  UoghC 

BnglL-ii  and 
uoeLimlsl  i 
ordained,    18 


tlldlBl  ttal  Onrk 
yani  tod  n" 
It:    helped 


<a  CDDdiUoa  ol  Ao^ttaey: 


;    CranlLlHra 


mnlHl  al  Kojal  OngrtpbTcal  gooletrl  1B;3:  hli  n 
Mcund  bj  Indian  KorEnuDCDt ;  held  dlplomatio  pi 


OJSUm,  Lord  {d.   : 


isuppi.  u.  i; 

1     IICHUT. 


)5  (1103-1778).    [See  U 


T  (17S7-1««),  poU- 


in  and  pauODOlsir  Joabaa  Rrjnol 


Cornwall,  IMI-U :  I 


Deprtdatioo  ol  the  Paper  Con 


7  of  Ibe  loppoaed 
JO  Kingdom,' 1811. 


BUOT 


894 


EiilZABETH 


ELIOT,  QBORGE  (paeadonym).  [See  Gross,  Mary 
Ann,  1819-1880.] 

ELIOT,  Sir  JOHN  (1592-1632),  patriot ;  studied  at 
Exeter  College,  Oxford,  1607-10,  and  at  one  of  the  Inns  of 
Goart;  sat  in  the  Addled  parliament  for  St.  Germans, 
1614;  knighted,  1618;  Tioe-admiral  of  Devon,  1619: 
M.P.,  Newport,  Gomwall.  1624,  sympathising  with  Back- 
Ingham's  policy  of  war  with  Spain  :  arged  the  enforcement 
of  the  catholic  penal  laws  when  MJ?.  for  Newport,  1626  : 
declared  his  distrast  in  a  war  policy  which  extended 
to  Denmark,  Savoy,  Germany,  and  France,  1626 ;  M.P.,  St. 
Germans,  1626 ;  attacked  Buckingham,  1626,  for  the  Cadiz 
disaster;  sammed  ap  the  charges  against  Backingham, 
whom  he  compared  to  Sejanos,  1626 ;  imprisoned  for  re- 
fasbig  to  pay  his  share  of  the  forced  loan,  1627 ;  M.P., 
Cornwall,  1628;  insisted  on  the  full  acceptance  of  the 
Petition  of  Right,  1628  ;  read  three  resolutions  in  parlia- 
ment against  the  king's  religious  proceeding's  and  claim  to 
levy  provisionally  tonnage  and  poundage  without  consent 
ol  parliament,  2  March,  1629 :  Imprisoned  for  conspiracy 
to  resist  the  king's  lawful  order  for  the  adjournment  of 
parliament  on  2  March,  1629,  to  calumniate  the  ministers 
of  the  crown,  and  to  assault  the  speaker;  sentenced  to  a 
fine  of  2,000/.,  1630 ;  died  in  prison.  He  left  in  manuscript 

*  The  Monarchic  of  Man  *  and  a  vindication  of  himself  in 

*  An  Apology  for  Socrates,*  also  '  Negotlum  Posteromm ' 
and  *  De  Jure  MajeetatU'  (all  first  printed,  1879-82). 

[xvll.  186] 
ELIOT,  JOHN  (1604-1690X  styled  the  'Indian 
Apostle';  B.A.  Jesus  OoU^:e,  (iambridge,  1622;  emi- 
grated, 1681 ;  'teacher'  of  the  church  at  Roxbury,  near 
Boston,  Massachusetts,  1632-90 ;  bore  vrltoees  against  the 
religious  enthusiast,  Mrs.  Anne  Hutchinson  [q.  v.],  1637 ; 
preached  his  first  sermon  to  the  abori^nee  in  their  own 
tongue  at  Nonantum,  Massachusetts,  1646 :  obtained  an 
ordinance  in  parliament  (1649)  for  the  advancement  of 
civilisation  and  Christianity  among  the  Indians :  en- 
couraged by  the  formation  of  a  society  (1649),  which  after- 
wards found  funds  for  building  an  Indian  college ;  founded 
at  Natick  the  first  township  of  *  praying  Indians,*  1661 ; 
his  *  Christian  Oommonwealth '  suppressed  by  the  gover- 
nor and  council  of  New  England,  1660 ;  translated  Baxter's 

*  Gall '  into  the  dialect  of  the  Mamachusette  Indians,  1664  ; 
his  translation  of  the  bible  Into  the  same  dialect  issued  by 
the  press,  1663 :  published  '  The  Indian  Granmiar  begun,* 
1666,  an  '  Indian  Primer,*  1669,  and  a  '  Logick  Primer,* 
1672 ;  showed  great  solicitude  for  the  natives  during  Ring 
Philip's  war,  1676-6;  published  *The  Harmony  of  the 
Gospels,*  1678 ;  died  at  Roxbury ;  narrated  the  progress 
of  his  work  in  '  Indian  tracts.*  [xvii.  189] 

ELIOT,  Sir  THOMAS  (1490  7-1646).    [See  Eltot.] 

SLIOTT.  Sir  DANIEL  (1798-1872),  Indian  clvUian : 
educated  at  the  Edinburgh  Academy ;  nominated  to  the 
East  India  Company's  civil  service ;  deputy  Tamil  trans- 
lator, 1822 ;  Marathi  translator  to  the  Madras  govern- 
ment, 1823 ;  member  of  the  board  of  revenue,  1836 ; 
Madras  member  of  the  Indian  law  commission,  1838 ;  pre- 
sident of  the  revenue,  marine,  and  oolite  boards,  Madras, 
1860-3  ;  Madras  member  of  the  legislative  council,  1864- 
1869  ;  K.G.S.I.,  1867.  [xvll.  194] 

ELIOTT,  GEORGE  AUGUSTUS,  first  Baron  Heath- 
field  (1717-1790),  general  and  defender  of  Gibraltar: 
educated  at  Leyden  University  and  the  military  college  of 
La  F^re ;  volunteer  in  the  Prussian  army,  1735-6 ;  comet 
2nd  Ufe  guards  and  field  engineer,  1739 ;  present  as  adju- 
tant at  Dettingen,  1743,  and  Foutenoy,  1746 ;  aide-de- 
camp to  George  II,  1766  ;  major-general,  1762  ;  second  In 
command  in  the  Cuban  expedition ;  lieutenant-general, 
1768 :  commander-in-chief  of  the  forces  in  Ireland,  1774-6  ; 

Stvernor  of  Gibraltar,  1776 ;  defended  Gibraltar  against 
'Arzon  and    the    Spaniards,  1779-88 ;    K.B. ;    created 
Baron  Heathfleld  of  Gibraltar,  1787.  [xviL  196] 

ELIZABETH,  queen  of  Edward  lY  (1437  ?-1492), 
daughter  of  Sir  Richard  WoodviUe,  afterwards  Earl 
Rivers ;  married  Sir  John  Grey,  who  (1461)  was  killed  at 
St.  Albans ;  privately  married  to  Edward  IV,  whom  she 
personally  petitioned  for  her  hu8band*B  forfeited  lands, 
1464  ;  crowned,  1466  ;  withdrew  into  sanctuary  at  West- 
minster on  Edward  rv*s  flight,  1470 ;  principal  executrix 
of  the  will  made  by  her  husband  in  1476 ;  accused  by 
Clarence  of  having  caused  the  death  of  his  wife  by 
sorcery,  1476 ;  favoured  a  match,  which  the  council  of 
Flanders  rejected,  between  her  brother  Anthony  and  Mary, 


daughter  of  Charles  the  Bold,  late  Duke  of  Borgondy,  1477 : 
took  sanctuary  at  Westminster  from  the  anger  of 
Gloucester  and  Buckingham  after  Edward  IVB  death, 
1483 ;  persuaded  by  Cardinal  Bourohier  to  driver  op 
the  young  Duke  of  York,  1483 ;  her  marriage  with  Ed- 
ward lY  pronounced  invalid  in  a  parliament  controDad  bj 
Richard  III,  1484 ;  persuaded  by  Richard  lU  to  quit  her 
sanctuary  on  a  promise  of  providing  for  herself  and  her 
daughters,  by  which  he  long  postponed,  althou^  be  in- 
tended to  prevent,  the  marriage  arranged  for  ber  daogbter 
with  the  exiled  Earl  of  Richmond,  1484;  placed  bj 
Henry  VII  in  full  possession  of  her  rights  as  queen- 
dowager,  1486  ;  ber  lands  forfeited  (1487)  for  the  pertUy 
she  was  allegerl  to  have  shown  in  1484 ;  retired  to  the 
abbey  of  Bermondsey.  She  refounded  and  endowed  Queens' 
College,  Cambridge.  [xvii.  196] 

ELIZABETH,   queen  of  Henry  VU  (1466-1603),  of 
York  ;  daughter  of  Edward  lY  and  EUzabeth  WoodriUe; 
her  marriage  with  the  dauphin  made  a  condition  of  peace 
between  Edward  lY  and  Louis  XI,  1476,  but  never  pe^ 
formed  ;  promised  in  marriage  to  the  Earl  of  Richmond, 
then  on  exile  plotting  the  dethronement  of  Bichazd  m, 
an  arrangement  which  was  temporarily  firostrated,  14% 
by  tiie  ldng*s  specious  promises  of  protectioQ  to  ber 
mother  ;  reported  to  have  received  a  proposal  of  marriage 
from  Richard  III ;  mentioned  in  the  *  Song  of  the  Ltij 
Besij,*  a  contemporary  composition,  as  having  indooed 
Lord  Stanley  to  join  Richmond  ;  married  to  Henry  Til, 
1486,  in  pursuance  of  a  petition  presented  to  the  king  bj 
parliament,  1486 ;  crowned,  1487,  after  the  snppreasioo  of 
the  Earl  of  Lincoln's  rebellion ;  received  grant  of  ber 
mother*s  forfeited  lordships  and  manors  of  the  duoby  of 
Lancaster,  1487 ;  her  death  attributed  to  grief  ocoaslODal 
by  the  decease  of  her  ddest  son.  Prince  Azthor.    As  ekgj 
upon  her  was  written  by  Sir  Thomas  More.     [xviL  200] 

ELIZABETH  (1633-1608),  qneen  of  England  and  In- 
land :  only  child  of  Henry  YIII  and  his  second  wife,  Aooe 
B<rieyn  [q.  v.] ;  declared  illegitimate  by  parliament  in  tbe 
interest  of  her  father's  third  wife,  Jane  Sqmaoor,  mother 
of  Edward  YI,  1636  ;  refused  (1647)  the  handof  Sir  Thomtf 
Seymour,  lord  high  admiral,   who,  however,  did  noi 
abandon  his  suit  till  his  execution,  1649  ;  read  Latin  sod 
Greek  with  Roger  Ascham ;  refused  to  use  ber  infloeooe 
to  save  the  Duke  of  Somerset,  1662  :  rode  by  tbe  side  of 
her  elder  half-sister.  Queen  Mary,  at  the  latter*s  trinmpbil 
entry  Into  London,  1663 :  refused  to  compromise  hemf 
by  taking  part  hi  the  insurrection  of  Sir  Thomas  Wjstt, 
who  wished  her  to  marry  Edward  Conrtenay  [q.  t.],  a 
kinsman  of  the  blood  royal,  1664 ;  thrown  Into  the  Tower 
at  the  Instance  of  Gardiner,  1664  ;  released  from  eualod; 
at  Woodstock,  1664 ;  refused  to  engage  in  plots  agahMt 
Queen  Mary ;  proclaimed  queen,  in  saooession  to  Macy, 
November   1668,   most  of  her   friends   and   foes  alike 
being  already  dead  ;  crowned  by  Owen  Oglethorpe  [q.  t.], 
bishop  of  Carlisle,  nearly  all  the  bishops  refusing  to  re- 
cognise her  as  head  of  the  churoh,  1669 ;  made  a  pro- 
clamation that  the  English  litany  should  be  read  in  tbe 
London  churches,  1669 ;  refused  the  hand  of  Philip  II  of 
Spain ;  declared  to  the  House  of  Commons  tiiat  she  hsd 
no  intention  of  marrying,  1669  :  played  off  three  soitors, 
Eric  of  Sweden,  Adolphu8,dukeof  Hcdstein.  and  the  Arch- 
duke  Charles,   against   one   another,    1669;    appointed 
Grindal  bishop  of  London  and  Parker  arohbishop  of  Can- 
terbury, 1669;  disturbed  by  the  cordiality  existing  be- 
tween Scotland  and  France,  although  a  treaty  bad  been 
signed  (1669)  between   those  countries   and   England: 
signed  treaty  with  Scotland  through  her  agent,  Oecil,  in 
which  it  was  laid  down  that  Mary  Stuart  should  give  up 
using  the  title  of  queen  of  England  and  that  the  Frend^ 
should  quit  Scotland,  1660 ;  called  in  the  debased  ocrinage, 
1660;  pretended  a  passion  for  Robert  Dudley  [q.  v.], 
afterwards  created  Earl  of  Leicester ;  sent  help  to  Oiod^ 
leader  of  the  French  protestants  in  their  war  with  tbe 
Duke  of  Guise ;  compelled,  1663,  by  the  reduction  of  tiie 
garrison  after  the  peace  of  Amboise  to  aarrrader  Havre, 
which,  with  Dieppe,  had  been  the  price  of  her  support : 
promcdgatcd  the  Thirty-nine  Articles  and  extended  Ute 
range  of  the  oath  of  supremacy,  1663 :  made  \mtlug  in 
defence  of  the  papal  authority  liable  to  the  penalties  of  tbe 
statute  of  Preemnniro,  1668  :  suggested  that  her  favourite, 
Dudley,  should  marry  Mary  Queen  of  Scots ;  enooura^ 
the  advances  of  the  Arehduke  Charles,  while  maintaining 
in  parliament  her  aversion  to  marriage  in  iteelf,  1664: 
grudgingly  thanked  Sir  Henry  Sidnqr  for  his   servioet 
against  Shaen  O'Neil]  in  Ireland,  1667 ;  impriaonad  Maij 


Tirr  TR  A  •RTiyP'tT 


OMBOf  BnM.U»aud  IM«:  eioHDDiiiiiicmtHlbr  Papa 

HI;  MMoMd  tin  &Ue  d[  Norfolk,  it7a,'Kan  ifur 
tiilMimJ  of  the  BldalB  pIM :  lubKle  purllundiC  lo 
wlwWhiheWU  at  UUiJidiir  igRlut  M«t  Sturt: 
■df^  ft^B  OlMitia  IX  of  Fruov  ■  pnpflul  of  dut- 
tap  irltfa  kl*  tnUv,  Iha  Sokg  of  Anion,  IHl ;  pits 
Mn  tar  tta  oueaUeB  of  KortbunbttMnl.  wboDi  ihf 
■^  ^  mM  M  Lort  Hmadiin.  nn  j  ■smpWl  Fiw 


IXiLERTON 


pina  ■pBiBi  ttaowh  Dot  fnlbr  m 
BtOH  li  bs  mcSaa  or  Loid  BaKtilej'i  peUc^r.  II 
■cOtf  Mr  HoDipbnT  OUtivt,lw  gfoml  Id  tb- -— 
■DA^  UJtl  UARtOBk  to  Hit  ■■    pnOHDHkcr 


_ I,   laftT:    neotfoLisl 

Inn  TI  m  Una  ot  Sootlud,  IMT ;  dnvn  Inlo  ■  iw 
■U  Spain  bj  DnkiV  ■oUod  In  dcatn^Uv  ■  Spuilih 

a  OS  0*di^  lUTi  dlingud^   Iha  wlnca  o[ 

' '  ir  conncllta  pnoliiUat*  mo  Utsek  uinu 
lmiua:ciuidtbt  datbol  dud)  oI 


,.  -n,  unl ;  iHuitloDed  ■  plondering  ii- 

ictoUHeouto(8ptfD,irlMb  bllal  to  •nun  uf 
—on,  ItoS:  dtadatBhihnwndol  thactfccUot  ■oald 
^BToiliw  on  hslth  Blmdr  brakm.  li  Uweb  ltt»-3  ; 


3.  Ut 


.«ua] 


(ltU-ICM)).pi 


ICUirle.1.     .,. 

Ml  liu :  ctenHM  IihkU.  wben  KpiinUd  Irani  b 
Vvm,  ta  th*  (tody  of  labffOM™  and  rbsdu^.  In  wbk 
■^^ijl  ETCat  plW^VU^J  ;  dfdJcataa  «)f  Al03I«iidvr  B01 
ItritiiUlallaianaf  Onekanl  Hebrew,  litS;  nam 
'winnBae'  (Km  her  niUe  bearlns;  f«niU(«l  tl 
a^t  If  the  Dak*  of  Tork.  ItU :  nnfaTiiard  In  OLrl 
IqbT  Vaae  In  hli  UaniUtlon  of  BopbbolB'  'Kn'tn 
UaidUapriiBDsrBtOBnabroakcCuile.  [»U.  313] 
BJZUKTB     (ItM-ltU).    qoeen     of     Bobctnli 


Mt  psHUcal  plana,  to  Um 
UU:  biT  ti<u£aDd choam 
•PWu<(«e  ot  the  cniptR,  li 


rtfas&llinfllli 


Um  aaaltmm  of  ttuUbon.  UU 

Uallr  champlDDBl  br  hr  chlTnlnw  eonaln,  Duke  Ghri* 
tian  ol  SniDiU'lFk,  Isil;  bo-  cliarm  ImmarUllivil  tn  1 

EcTliuiibanil.   lat,  man  after  tbr  deaUi  of' Otuiiirui 
Ailotpbiu  at  LntKo:  ktriol  a  amnU  army  on  bvliaU  o 


rt  of  tbe  Palatiiui 


>1  by  William.  flr-t™ri 
dilU™,  Cbatlo  ■-  - 


rq.T.];<kasrteilb] 

bli  notliB'  to  tamain  dHmdBnt  an  tbu  gsienaltj  of 
Hollawl;  giutod  IIUHNI/.  by  tlie  parlUnient  of  rb> 
RaloratJcKi,  lOfiO  -,  pouluned  b;  Ik.t-  urpticw,  CIiaileB  II, 
vboliwl  at  BnllookaltnbnTonhrrnHniiiKIuEBgbuiil: 

hw  ieu-rtlwy,  l«at :  diol  at  Lulce»t«r  Hoiix.  Lelcvrtiar 
fleldJi.  London,  13  Frb.  IMt-l,  and  buried  la  Wst- 
'   ittx  Abbey;  loug  re^anleil  ■ 


KUdngtoo  (q.  t.],  Uie  luluitry  ol 
ekotiv-glldlUK.  al  Int  uiliu  Uk  id 
qawtty  WrlRbt'i  lolutiaii :  patentee 


HGNaY(ll)lu-1Bt9),lnrenIori 
of  a.  K.  Elklnirtaii  i^.  r.]:  laicntol  and  patent 
paotuoopic  spKUcles.  [  i  tU. 

XLL&.    [Sh,£li.>.] 

MUJl,  JOHN  (1«KI-1BS»I.  tIoLIoM  and  director  ol 

Tbntn,   IHIl :   (ounded   tlie  aaltnuo   club  ol  Wtm- 
menUUlta  and  tb     - —  '     ■     ■ 


«1] 


le  SocletAUrlca.r. 


ELLAOOKBB  or  KLLIDOKBS,  RKNKI  XHUMAB 
(i;M-ieHt).  diTine  siul  antlamry  ;  B.A.  Oriel  College, 
Uifonl,  Ull ;  M.A.,  ISIH  ;  vicar  of  Blum,  IHM-M,  md 


od  tLe  aaUqiUtlw  o[  BltUu  and  ClyiC  St.  Usmni. 

Civil.  341] 
nXXNBOKOirOB,  BxnLar(IT»u-l»l).    [6w  Liw 


XLLENaOKOUOH,   I 


.    [See   Ltw.  EuwiKD, 


,      ^..1     IIALPH     (d.     16M),     wanior; 

knlgbUrfon  Flodden  Field,  IHJ;  poMibly  MJ".  lor  Bear- 
Imroogb,   Ufi  -,  J.P.  lor  tlio    Kant   Kldiog :  M.P.,  Tork- 


1  troni  Ll<ve  ui  StooybunC  Hit:  patiUil»d 
-inctatiuTbeulogicuide  JitramJiutitla,'  nGT,and  -Db 
lDc«n«tia».'  [i.ii.M>] 

K1KB.T0M,  EDWARD  (1T70-I«m),  founder  of 
w^liolnrsblw :  M.A.  llnlvorfltj  Oollegc.  (Wfoid,  17M; 
inulerolSlHKdaleuCkillcgeScboDl,  1IIB:  Mlow  of  Uag- 
dalCD  1  lUI,,  ItllS  i  IwM  nulDU)  nmbtiT  cgravlM :  fDOndcA 


EUJEBTOXr 


ZLLEKTOH.  JOHN  LODORto™ 

rly  JOHS 

(1 80 1-1 87 J),  kmw 

Mir   moslcal   woiposa;    H.A. 

Bnnt- 

noM   (Jouego,  Oilorf.    1M8:  itudial 

PuidiM  IxHl,'  a  i 

1W7.  bPt  (»Uol  lu 

his  BwtlUh  opwn 

DoBcnlcs. 

1«M; 

mcrnbtr  ot  Ibe  Muslwa  Union.  IMI-Tl 

patUUbul 

poclnl. 

[.rii 

S44] 

SiH^S;??^' 

Biiios<lM0J-1617).    [Ste  Ki. 

HHI«N. 

SLLESKEEE 

flral    KAriL    or   (1800-I8S7). 

[Sec 

I'jiHi-n.N.  Fr4m:is 

1 

ELLET,  Sib  J 

BS(d.  18»).llmM, 

•sned  in  FBoiniiUii 

fougbtu 

eonnat  of  Oslw 

jriSlU; 

;   M,!-.,   WindKir, 

B  0HABLE3  HAT  (lan-ieStX  EBH™li 


Dephmr  ot  BdWHd  Eailoa  tbe  dilcr  Ji 


dF  Ibe  HdOkd's  Bur  Com- 
[.HL  a«i 
Lhe  joaii)(cr  (1 810-1 B8U],  potl- 

■  -  [II.  ».] :  aliioi.iBi 

gs;   M-A.,  iml; 

RllMlB,  18M.  lu 

HuddimBdd.  Igje.  snl  subwt- 
^r^bh^  IrtB-tf  ■  .    .        - 

Ulgbltiiil  silnilDistntlon  of  tbe  pour  Ihit 
IB  -lueaLHuaf  Ibe  Hinblamls  in  1814,'  1)U1. 

[nil,  117] 
ELUOOJOE,  [s«  Klao  KujcuiuiB.] 
ZLLIOOKBS,  aiB  CEARLB8  QltENB  (17SI-IS71>, 
Rmonl,  rojnl  en^Bars  -,  aluoAUd  *t  Uw  Ro^  UUit&iy 
Aoidiuiv.  Waolwiob;  BnC  linitcnant,  niyKl  taglDeen, 
laoi ;  uaooiatal  in  ILc  dliBcllon  ot  aUack  Do  Oladitil 
BodrieD,  laU:  brigide-nisjor  to  Uie  corpi  of  id^hI  im- 


KI.t.rOT.    ISec  also  Buot.  Budtt,  uid  BUJUTT.] 
_   BLLIOT.    ADAM    (J.    1700),  teiTelkr :  B.A.  Caiu 


il  by  TltDi  OsUs  of  be 


ELLIOT,  BlH  0HARI.E8  (iaai-IR7t).  ■dmin] ; 
*  Hi«b  Elliot  [q,  ».]  ;  pp«nl  U  the  bambMilimi 
ilgitn,  ISM  :  ifeatsiut  on  Uia  Juwlcs  ilaUaa,  18 
dvanod  to  poit  imnk,  IBSH  '.   proteotor  of  ilavH 


It  TlinMBd,  18M-e,  ud  ol 


of  Diipi  SL.  VlBocnt  uid  [lie  S 
iLer,  IHD) ;  hlghlr  otcmud  bj  Hdson  :  Hmd  at  Ita  n- 
dooUon  ot  Jan.  1811 :  HcmlWT  of  tbs  ■dmlnllj.  I8M- 
lau :  DDmnuuidR-Ui-ohM  ml  Ox  Onpe  of  Oocd  Uoia, 
1837-40 ;  fWmmaihlAr-ln-abiBf  uid  JDJnt-plvtllpaUllGunr 
nitb  Str  Ciailm  EUlDl  [q.  t.]  In  Otdni,  IttU);  ■dminl 
18S3 ;  K.C.B,.  1B9!.  [iTii.  ssll 

KLLIOT.  SiH  OILBBRT.  Lord  Uistii  (lssl-1718; 
jodgt;  wriUfrls  £dtDburgb  ;  belpok  to  orgauire  cbe  £ul 

to  dfutli.  but  pBrdoDol ;  adtoaulK,  1688 ;  knl^bttd  :  cimt 
of  the  prlT7  coono]].  Uvf ;  oruKil  baroiwu  1'<W ;  ILF. 
lor  [loxbmvhtthiti:  from  170S ;  jtjAge  of  Hnlon,  witli  Itt 
tiUo  4>1  Lord  UlDto.  17DS ;  oppoa&l  tbc  Dnioa, 

[iiiL  »I] 
H  OILBBRT.    LunD    MlXT<:>  (18U-17«J| 


ELLIOT,  t 


t  Elliot  (IMI-liU} 


:     olak,   lr«H! 

"  j-lM  Blnin 


ZLLIOT,    _.. 

(1713-1777),  nstamao,  pbUowphs-,  bd 

OUbeit  SlLot  (ISD3'17eaj   [y.  T.]  ;  Humai  >[  iiauujili|i 

U.I'.  for  SdMtluhlic  ifBj  uml  Ilsl^t.  (oc  KoilNilb^ 
Rhirt.  l?6b-77:  admiimlty  lord,  J7Afl:  kccpaof  tbBiJ|irt 
lnSootU&d.l7B7:  trouurer  ot  thcna^,  ITiO;  itBnti 
tupport«r  ot  Pitt  and  tbe  anaYillo,  anannrdi  ot  Iiii 
Bate ;   OTflrrulod  Lord   JJortb  bj   barupilH  on  QV 

dan  lioli,  1771 ;  sieoiirBged  Ueoise  IITi  nUci  lamull 
Amerids :  decllnal.  fromdifllks  of  tbe  KxpWalfiHamiftll, 


Otc  Penilou  Ullilalrc,  FootiUnebliui ;  gaDtlMUD  nuD- 
■Doni-r,  Objiit  CbiRb,  Oiford,  ITU ;  buitita  of  Un- 
•nlD'a  Inn,  1774;  llj.  for  Mocpctb,  17Ta-H;  ILP.Eir 
BBTHlak,  178e-W;  curlM  DiDtlaa  acndannliw  Si  BIU 
Impej^  aoadnot  at  Fon  WmiuB,  17BT :  ILP.  llK  Hdnon. 


Omwall.  17(0; 


of  OsMoa,  17M-« :  ■ 


nc  oi  •  Blbt^nphiokl  iDdM  M  Uh  HI 


»  «th 

FnipaUWwl 
.baHMtotkiu 

XLUOT,  fiCOH  (I7H-1SI0),  dipkimiUit 


riEIUot  (IMS-lTU)  [l 


.  _.  .  ...■•ol'FloWtr. 

It,'  ■  laMintsl  twllAd,  1;m.         [itU.  if »] 
r,  JOEN  <17»~t783X  uiltqiurT:  ■rttclid  u 


'&■ 


aH-U,at  N 


,   KATHAMIBI.   (int-nio), 

. ..  .      —    —   foor  nnrt.   1741 :  rwlor   of 

K  Oiiili^lI4S-M,i]f  tbe  BnitUib  Oouige  at  R«nt^ 
■  -•  ->■  OiwUr  Oolkt*,  Bneaa,  17M-aa  ;  jiro 
■■BBi  u  ».— awl,  17H :  tnuliud  PUiunoDU'a  ■  On»» 
taUiTrwLi(tn,-lTT».  liTll.  3U] 

tam,  BOBKBT  LA  1B»-1BUX  nptaln  R.H.  Ukl 

fflI.pUe■l  dnivhlBnui,  ISlt-l ;  hU  ikHclw  pstj- 
H  'VbrnlDtbcItani'lSIO-l.  [i>il.Ml] 

tUIOT,  8iB  WALTBB  (U0I~IS8T),  indUn  cdill  icr- 


I  llu  MM  I II I  III  sf 
■d  »lpht»«fit.  U 
m  dUAcDltlB  of  Q 


taKortbiniBliUn  tiUlllil4; 
mat  tbt  oooDdl  «(  ilw  fennwr ol  lladni,  18M ; 

:  f.BA.  »ri;  U.J).  BdlobaiKh,  le7Jii 

""'    ""■* '"'"itB   tot  Boiborf bthlrr ; 

HoTU  Allltlo  BoDlM; '  a 


(1I»1-1»«).  phjilctan;   eiL 

*"■  -   l|IBl— I  of  tbo  prtctioii 


r  iK  XiaJ   mMlGtiic, 


ThiiihUUal  BoeiHj:  pmtanr  i 

Uadai,  Unl:  oompdlcd  to  mlgn . 

%pnelkaDf  owdMiM  (or  Ui  amHiUtMlMd li 
»MwrtaB.  1U8 ;  Hamlu  ontor.  IMS ;  aUt  _ 
HHrie  baKi)U,Uti*:  •tuUd  (twZi>ln.'i  joonul  oi 
MniLilBbMllm:  flnl  to  OH  tlM  iBEtbMODpe :  pnC"-'- 
MiLoBtajlKtuniUBniaDdlHuaDf  tlie  btul, 

[ili. : 

nUOTT.  [3«a  ■lis  Ruot,  Bumr,  uid  Bujir 
miOTT,  OHAHLOTTB  (t78S-1S71),  bjirui-ii 
^tIbk)  Df  Cmmr  MmIjui  ;  wrota  ubdj  nU^ooB  [ 
E<UM)'JiinHlui.-  [iTll.; 


ii-iSM).  diiiHi 


^cUixiL  (or  dABtf htett  ot  poor  cler^jm?]!.         t^rlL  n>] 
ELLIOTT,  JOBN  (<(.  1S91).  ndlicroit  of  Jimsi  III 

pr{MDOd,ftnd  rtltt'Wd  on  ball,  1B90,  Tof  poblivlilDS  akiI' 
^luuC  miuLInte  al  J>IIH  II,  IWi.  [itU.  t'D] 

KLLIOTT.Sra JOEN(179«-lTM),ph^c{u;  lacgfOD 


XLLIOTT  or  ELLIOT,  I 


ELLIOTT.    Sin 

fought  >lV,'bt< 


Hoyal  Aoadonj  and  otha 
NRT    (1;M-1874J, 


putiUJhsl'Algebn  UlmtiflKl  w 


ipd.  In  Ave  paru, 


[Suppl.  II 
MH!ly,»ok 


*  dvpanaaat  la  Zulu 


'tlcTilbsaPatilarcli.'  law, and ' TtH SplsKUd  TLUng'.' 

nUOTT,  EDWABD  BtSHOF  (17ra-l^t),'diTii],': 
tratlicr  ef  Hsur  Vtmi  Edhitt  Iq.  t.I;  tblnl  moLo: 
V'ac  TrliittT  OoUmr.  CWmbrldge,  mit :  MlH,  IBI  r ; 
'*"   ~lim;  pnlMBdazTof  Heytw- 


jf  HHitiuld,  18au-g7  :  publubed  BcdUct'i 


ELLIS.  amBAllUOW  HELBHRT  ()K=S- 
.  jllMl  :  olocataJ  at  IInl»«rsilJ  CoLlwe  Sc 
DuiTBnUjr.ud  ilaUigrUurjr ;  ebiel  commiwi' 


IWt:  ebStI  atcM^ryo 

tw  (IMt)  ol  tbe   BomUT 

I,KIU1.  tor  Uw  poor  of 

Suck'i  ■  DicUODu;  ol 

KTJ.IB,     OHABLBB     AUOHBTna.     Hi 

Howuui   Di   Waldeh   ud   Hoood   Biro.     

(ITn-lMS).  diploDutlil ;  elder  son  of  OUrlo  Bwe  Elllt. 

I«l) :  iLpp^Ud  by  Canning  nuder-Hcnurr  of  injiU  for 
fonilfD  klTaln,  1&31 ;  tuLDister  ptftalpotciitlar;  mi  t-vvoy 
eitnordluBrj  M  StockboLm.  Igij,  u  Llibon.  IMS; 
moiible]  Porto^oB   policy  duriD(r  tbe   UlaiHliti-  Hint 

plenipawnCluT  >t  Utiir 


,    OHARLBS   R08B,   I 


pMiegyric.  I 

lUbad  cheoli«i«1  workfc  "  "[xtUT  ifi]' 

KLLU,  ESUCND  (;r  1707),    (Ba  Bltb.) 
KLLII,  BDWIH(Ig4t-1878Xn»HlofaHi;  aoUi  MoLiniil 

U  Oremonie  airdeiu.  ISCl :  geiiena  miulcal  dlrK'lor  al 

Che  Adelpbi,   c   18D7:    pabll^cd  i 


r.  IHSI;  nniuIlT  •qimal^  In 
enalTii  mMlwdi.  ISU. 

WALTON  (nsS-18i*X  oohnd : 
li  root.  17Sa ;  <mptBiII,  llxd  tiM- 
he  awcDt  on  Otlcnd.  17M.  Ii 

._..  ._.»;  diningoUhed  btmnU^ 

Albuberu.  lai) ;  uounled  iit  BiulBjai.  l»\S:  MliHKl  lai 
K.O.B. :  niorull;  wnunial  at  Waterloo.         [iTiL  tai] 

KLLIS.  HTUPHREY  (J.  UTS).  Romu  eUhoUe 
divine,  nallT  nuDuil  WiiixNO  :  itudenC  at  Danafindu 
Dhizinal  membn-  Df  tbr  Bu^Llflb  Oollege,  LlAhoD :  D.t)-  end 
pmUcnC  ol  the  BnglUb  Colle«B  :  dean  al  the  chaplir  li 
Kugtaud,  1»T-Jfl.  [rrtl.  MO] 

KLLIB.  JAMES  (lTU?-lMa).utiqDiry ana iDlloila; 


, ;  rector  of  WbcBlUd 


'    Udlgdlr:    pabllsbad    I 


[ITiL  Kl] 


B  right: 1 

_      ill,  Telugi, 

„..  .._.  , d  the  Sanikrit  MS3. ^ 

jeault  ltii{rert<e-  [iTli.  S7S] 

XLLIB,    OBOROB    (i;U-lBUX    anthor:    pnilii«d 
'Poetical  Tmleab;rSlrattgorjOaDdA-.'17Tg;  a'favoriu' 

baay  to  the  Hagn^  ITM,  when  he  obtained  malerbil  for 
I  bliilory  of  the  Datch  raioluUon  (nuUlibed.  17MJ ; 
"  "eafaid,  ine:  toonded  the  '  AnU-Jacobln '  In  con- 
tHOannliiK;  f-RAmoa  rSJi.:  publlibed-Specl- 
'  "— 'j  Bngliih  BoDunoe*  in  lleUe,'  IMi ;  frloid 
--- -  [i*ILS761 

B  WELBOBB  AUAB-.  am 


IB,  JOHN  (17D1-17BJ),    [See  Bllth.] 


Erltiltgn ;  piiTjr  ooundllor,  ISJt ;  neclol  enii 
niili.  IMI ;  E.03,. !»««.  [it 

KLLIB,  Sm  HBNBY  <177T-Ueil),  principal 


Bume;  iiiihap'of  ScBul.  I71I8:  dM« .— 

tirtUMn 
KLLIB,?IHBI0HAI1D(1<B8?'17U).  [S(eBu.n.] 
ELLIB,  ROBERT  (CrsDPKLW)  (iaio-18T»),  b 

iblghahirc 
....      dpf     • 

^ ,  and  ifeoiety : 

B  the  '  Welih  ud  Bn«IUti. 


ROBERT  {lSM?-lUt>, 
S*.  Jobii'i  Collare.   Ciml 


idtte.  i8S»:  Bdb 


PHiu  -.  pablUbed  rthmdogicnl  workB. 

ISW:   U.A.'i'hU;  DDdwtoak.  la  raujaiic^ 

■nniitiillani :  nllUd  ■OHmbiUUre  MuCbsnt 
I.'  [.rtL  WO] 

IIK  SAKTJEL  BUHDOX  (t7l«;-l«U),naiFnI ; 

I»lW(tmr,  Ifiwi;  UenlmMit,  laoei  >isml  In 
SI  apBUtlon.  ime,  uid  lit  Giudckupe.  1810  : 
t  blDutilf  lu  luval  opentUms.  preltmfniirT  to 
fOBBE  :  Dnniabt  oB  Ibe  poUtiul  raiMenc  □! 


:  K.O.fi. 


[«TiL  NOJ 


oHJIc'uul'Nottbeni  KoHi.'    [»li.  mi] 
THOHAB  <I«1-107I),    M'chb    antLquary; 
leU>«F.  OiftttU.  IM4 ;  MlaT.lMaitwigbtlar 

t  ThifEhaa  in  adltlti^  PdutfLI'ii  *  Hillary  of 
adoUtoJoD  BndlDg  tUt  be  hid  hm  rnrv~ 
bbtK;  o(  Omn  Glenddw 

THOMAS   » 


[t*U   Ml) 


IfActulay'f  pcvtbomoiu  H«^« ;   t  o 
me  VTlee  of  Ut  nports.  [xvlL 


»:   bbbop  of  KIMMTt,  1 


X^LBORR.  IS  ret  B 

-:    •tndrDC  CbrUC  Ohtinh,  'O'xioid.    ITIS 


.P_  Veymoutta,  ir«,  1 
nbe  Rl*^  IT4T:  tlM-t 
5-4,  utd  ITTO;  prlTy  oa 


(IJIS-ISM) ; 

edmoled  ut 

.jiloid.    17W: 

Lmb-nl^   lord, 


'Br.  ntH  ;  M.P..  PeMn- 

777:  avirlMry  o(  fit&t«  Tor  Anwrico.  ITB?; 
bj  tbtf  pnvtne  ot  th«  Prenrb  rflrolkitlon 
tii«  Pitt.  17H;   rnattH   Bkron  MeiuUp  d[ 


mmiDDQ  iflime.  10T3-e  iinJ  lUiB- 

Ii,IL  2011 
M  W.  17M).  MCPMaryot  «lale: 
ij  (IftOKMtBl)  [q.  T.l;  foundn- 
itolcdtof  ObrlBtCbUTolhOitonJ. 


ngiigoila»«  writer  bjrOihonieUiBboolDwllw.  1 
rbloh  contain  fahuloiu  ■nwtlota  uid  dtwdvii 
tiucB,  ioclodi'Tbe  Modan  HoebvidfflU,'  1;k 


KIUB,    WILLI  AU    (1794-187*), 
lined,  IStfi,  and  ^pp^^nC  -  ■-  '- 


1nipn}»  tbfl  cnHlltJaa 
bflpol   tbe  ROTODiiit 

"'""'"    UltVKKnDb.   liwi-ff;    p 
Ad  ■  Pol/IKHlBa  Itc 

TLLIAM(180<H««1 


{..11,  JOT] 


npttr  » 


KhlllR  of  ooH 


Htieill  e 


lilarikn  phJlofoplier;  pablf>b»d"I 
■  of  IildaitriiilXlIc'  tuul  sUnllRT  1 

Itl.t.TB,    WYSNE    (UWUBTSl.    pIcWrt'collHWr: 


f Ulism  EUW™  [q.  v.] ;  of^nnlst,  M „..^ , 

narcb;  bbnrlMD  of  tha  LevnlagtoD  publld  libnrj, 
MI :  luTeutsi  ■  tranipMlDg  pluio;  oumpoHd  iburoh 

XLLISTOIT,  ROBBRT  WILUAU  (in4-lUlX  utis: 
iDwtidBt  St.  Pnul'iMdiaal;  plwytd  TikmI  in  '  Riotaud 
[r  It  tke  Bitb  Tbatre,  ir»,  ud  Bdbw,  17U: 
I'PCBtnl  ui  tbo  HtTmukit  imd  it  OomiC  Oudcn,  17IM : 
um^sd  by  Colmvi  Ht  dia  HvBurksL  lAOl ;  pland 
i)11j>  m  Smry  LualSM :  miiusv  of  the  Bajtl  Oriai, 
iuhdhI  tbe  SiiiTBy  ThatB^  1809 ;  opmcd  Ibe  Oljini^o, 
fill  tenponrlly  msnitred  Uie  L^cmsr  ttaaiUn  :  ulid 
■nilH  at  n-sp«i1iig  of  Dnry  Lum.  ISIl ;  Isn  uid 
innager  of  Drnrj  Luno.  191»-as ;  InBagvmted  Drary 
uiin'i  rcpuUCIOD  for  tceoirf;  bimkrupl,  IRH;  «»la 


BbeBli 


'.W 


lor  of"  Tho  Vcnetiiui  oi 

[itU.  »») 
JOHN  <I7BI-1SSI),  ■^Tienltnrln :  bcnAii 
ik«D :  ■uinmtcd  lu  Lord  Eirrnneiit  tor- 

r;  gold  nirdiJlIn  lo 


[AgrioullDiE,'  [iTll.ua] 

BLLVOOD,  THOMAB  (1U9-171S),  quker  and  Und 
t  UUton :  ^utd  at  Tbama  tree  Khoal :  n>nvuW<l  to 
uatCBrUm  bj  Uu  pnanhiDg  of  Eitward  Burnnigb  (q.  •.]. 
Sta  :  pDbllilul  ■  An  Alum  (o  the  Pileita.'  Iseu  -.  formsl 
(riandaldp  (1W3)  tiUb  John  MlltoD,  wbo  Uaglit  bim 
IH  fDndgD  mode  ot  pnnuxinolnK  LAtlu  ^  cotniDittfll  Ui 
[ewgnlAfomfiulD^  to  tftkolbeoatbof  alle^ance,  1U9; 
lUTlfislAl  to  UUton  bj  a  chaiioe  remark  tlie  writing  of 
IhmidliB  RaniDBl.'  10^  :  travellnl  with  Qtarfc  Pox 
brimgh  tbewwt  of  RhkIaik]  to  orgaulw  tbcqcakerfl:  <ea' 

aem,  1719,  snd  of  an  antobloKimpby  (lit  ed.  t7U). 

[ITII.  •(»] 
BLLTB,    ANTHONY    (laoo-lfdl),    b1i£np    of    St. 
Iivid't:  U.A-Claiv  Hall,  CiAiliildge.  i;i«l  D.D„17ia; 


lefonjutUon '  tpjmnl  poeiliuii 


400  EUHIHaTONB 


XLLTB    or  ELLIB,   JOHN    (1101-\ni%   ponall- 
palDler;  ot  tlw  Enrlhr  ubool:  CapMlir  mibi  u  tbe 

cipal  palater  lolhe  PnnM  o(  W»l«.  1736.     [.ril.'sMl 

SLLTS, 


<u  dcdlaM  la 

FT,*'"  (i(,  11ST).    [Sa  Etrklhah.] 
ELKEB  Id.  IMO).    ISw  Atuer  dc  Valekck.] 
ELKER.  J0HN{16»1-IM4).    [S«  ATUnm,  JoHS.] 
XLMZR.  STEPHEN  (d.  Usg),  pilDter  ot  itlll-11f<: 
msnlvr  d(  the  Cke  &0(ri«f  ot  ArUsu,  ITtl;  A.RA.,  ini. 

[iTii.  soa: 

ELNXR.  WILLIAM  ijL  IJMX  [BiBtm  of  stlU-Ll(e: 
Boyil  Audemj  bMviwa  litS  ud  ir».         [iiti.  303] 

ELHXB,  HABVET  LONSDALB  (ieU-l8l7^  •ccl^l- 
tnt;  BOa  KftdpupLl  ot  JamM  Elmea  [q.  T.J  ;daifnial  St. 
6»rgp'9  Enll.  LlTOTpoal.  IS3B.  tin  tlie  axuiCy  IddbUc 
lujluiiL  at  Wnt  Dcrbj' ;  died  In  Jamalci.       [nU.  3ua] 


qiurj;  (diDitUi)  t 
mcdalllat  ot  tbe  Hi 
BojtJ   &iTblt«ciur 


S-lMl),  ■>: 


BoyJ 


M«rabftDC 


:.jlor»-, 


I8!3,  nod  -UrimDln  o(  (be  LUe  imd  Wvki  u 
ilopbH  Wrm,'  18SI.  [iili,  Xw] 

•a.  Cuterboij,  14ur :  pnor  oF  Lentoa 


Englanrl,Scotlii4id.«ia  I«1»nd,HK;  Mthorol  '  HiatotlB 
lAonaM«H13anct[  Aueu9(iiilOuituu^auid."TltftetGeBtii 
Henrtcl  V,-  wul '  Liljot  Mttrtem  da  Henrico  T".' 

[iHl.K»] 
BLXOSX,  ALFRED  (ISl^irai),  paloto;  stodM  in 
lUlf :  bl9  reoalaliOD  HtlbllBtud  b;  hU  'Origlo  of  Ibt 


[■T 


,Y,  PETKB  CltM-lSOt).  boDk- 
Dlnbot  bwta 


ELKBLBT,  ] 


ppolewor  Q( 
Jot  hla  oriHi 


Ubui   ddj. 


:u34iiin  KTTi»  ;  comiDinded  ths  Ua^lflocnt  Is  ttit 
kttiti  o^  Grenada,  1770,  and  En  RodDAf 'i  encoontav  wltli 
Wliiuriien,  ITSO.  E»»tl.llSl 

ELPanTBTOlTE,     ALEZANDEB,     foaTtli    Buoi 

1  (lS(i-lM8?X  member  o(  the  new  prifi 

rb  troMuier  of  BoK- 


louncll  0(  SooUud.  II 


ILJU] 


ELFHtRBTOm,  ARTHUR,  ilitb  Bin 
HEIi»<^llie»-II4gXJHabi(a;  tbmrnp  hli cdduudii m 
BhufntiL>  Rs^ment  and  joined  tbe  JaccAilEea  after 
ShcTiffmoir,  ITIB;  escaped  to  tbe  eontinvnt;  pvdomvl 
bj  gorernmait  without  hia  knowledge,  17S»:  jolDid 
Prince  Oharlea  Kdwaid.  ITU  ;  ctrionel  and  «pUln  al  U* 
priDW'a  coaldt ;  pnaetlt  at  the  bsttle  ot  FalkiTk ;  it- 
bveicd  up  bj  tbe  (3ruiliallaOnlloden,17M:  eiecnttd 
[.tU-JU] 

ELPKIKBTONB,      QBOBOB     KEITH.    Vwacn 
Ksmi  (I74G-I8i8).  admiral;  muie  >  Toyrngt  IB  Ohiii 


ZLPKTnSTOBX,    HKSTBE   MARIA,  ^ 
lEiTK  I  1;b1-186T),  daaghter  of  Hemr  and  Hesta 
or  ed  acation  directed  b;  Dr.  Joluubn ;  gnre  br 


ELFKSIBTOIIX,  a 


(in»-i8n>.i^«- 


XLf  HXOZ  (M4~101>).  [Bee  ^LTaUH.] 
ZLPHUTBTOS,  JAMB9  (1791-iaDt),  edaDaUmiaUHt ; 
•dooated  at  Edlnbnnrb  UnlTinl^ :  itarted  aoademy  at 
Brampum,  ITU,  keeplnB  It  at  SeaalnMoo,  1701-79: 
pobliabad  ■  An  Analyili  ef  the  Frenoh  and  BngUih  Lan- 
Biueef,'17M:  patriUhed  -SdneulcD,  ■  Faein,'i;«t:  bie 
tnuulatlon  of  Uartiat  (im)  rldleoled  bj  Bnnu,  ITSS; 
diiplayed  an  arbitrary  intna  of  pbonedo  nielllns  bi 
■  Inglisb  ^peeeb  luid  SpellTof  under  Uatual  Onldn,'  1787, 
■nd  <lmllar  wotkf  :  published  lili  oorreepnidenoe  with 
'  QBOIuesee  or  bontb  Beie.,'  1791  and  17M,     [irtL  JllJ 

ZLPEINBIOII,  JOHN  (17>l-17n),  aptaln  K.N.;  < 
rur^dinlnl  in  tlis  BuHriui  aerrloe;  Ueuuimiit.  17(C; 
■erved  at  the  eapture  ol  (Jnabu  17BS;  anperistended 
CntDvport  jervioe  dminjr  rie^e  of  Havana.  17U ;  rw*. 
Admiral  in  tbeRtuBlas  B«rTioe,17A9 ;  oidered  aaa  forieign 
■dnInU  to  diaoontlnDe  hla  practic*  of  aettiDtf  the  watcb 
in  I'Drtimaatta  harbour,  1770 ;  delcnted  and  blookadHl 
TurkiPb  tquadrnn  in  Onit  ot  Kiu|>lla,  1770 :  defeated 
Turfciiii  Dect  to   Cbeune    Baj.  ihoogh   bii  proposnl 

bj  the  iealcus]'  ol  Uie  lln3>iBnofflCBiii,lI70;  aijaadonfll 


adjJld^  njyal  en^eBT  at  the  liottlm  ot  NiTeUe  and  tl» 
i.e.liiH;  created  bamnet  and  D.B.  [irtl.  Wl] 

XLFHSIBTOHZ,     SiK     HOWARD     CRAWTCBD 
.e29-lF!90).ni>jor-geDenl:  edonted  at  Roytl  Militatr 


acc^ipl1UdtJ  drowned  offl  Uebant  v 


"-loner  to  diKEua  tbe  union  with  Bnfrland, 

.11]  and  attainted  for  havluT,  wlicn  eeervtArj  o^ 
DrScoUand.  written  ft  letter  (ItnXwlileh  Jamol 
ramea  TI  of  Sootiand)  i]i(DH  wUhcnt  knowing  iti 

d^tb;  Ltnprieon^ 


ELFKDIBTOKK,  JOHN.  ( 


od  BiiiiOH  Baukxdo 
todiaU>  fn-intqirja(i« 


HLPHINSTONE 


401 


ELTON 


dC  tTCMOo,  163(,  u  haTing  read,  interlined,  and  secretly 
bandied  a  petition  against  Oharles  Fa  eoolefliastioal  mea- 
satm,  which  the  king  had  declined  to  look  at ;  pardoned 
to  appeaae  popular  feeling,  1636 ;  adyiaed  the  coTenanters 
to  **~'*r»«*"  to  Louia  XIII  against  Oharles  I ;  president 
of  the  Soots  parliament,  1641;  privy  coanofllor  and 
ectraoidinary  locd  of  session,  1641 ;  a  commissioner  to 
Ssgland,  1644.  [zvlL  333] 

KLFHIVBTOHB,  JOHN,  third  Babon  Bauoerimo 
(1113-1704):  fined  6j00(tf.  Soots  for  having  conformed 
nailer  the  Oammmwealth,  166S.  [xvlL  3S4] 

SLPHZMBTOHB,  JOHN,  fourth  Baron  Balmkbino 
asSS-lTMX  privy  connciUor,  1687-1714;  opposed  the 
onioik :  JSpieiintatiTe  of  the  peers,  1710  and  1713-14. 

[xvll.  324] 

SLFSDrerOVX,  JOHN,  thirteenth  Babon  Elpuin- 
mncs  <180T-186OX  captain  in  the  royal  horse  guards, 
I8S3;  tard-in-waiting  to  William  lY,  1836-7;  G.aH. 
and  privy  cooDcillor,  1836 ;  governor  of  Madras,  1837-43  ; 
ezpland  Oadimere ;  governor  of  Bombay,  1868-9 ;  pre> 
ited  a  rising  in  Bombay,.  1867 :  G.O.B^  1868 ;  created 
.  ■phinstiuie  in  peerage  of  United  Kingdom,  1869. 

[xvii.  326] 
MARGARET  MERGER,  OOMTSaSB 
FlAHAULT,    YiacouKTESs    Kkfth,  and  Baroness 
Hajbi  (1788-1867),  daughter  of  George  Keith  Elphin- 
,  Viaooont  Keith  [q.  v.]  ;  confidante  of  Princess  Char- 
~  the  OomtedeFlahault,  1817.  [xviL  325] 


prizeman ;  fellow,  1810-29 ;  M.A.,  1811 ;  Donnellan  lecturer, 
1819 :  D.D.,  1820 ;  chancellor  of  Ferns,  1832-40 ;  ngian 
professor  of  divinity,  1829-60 ;  rector  of  the  union  of 
Armagh,  1841 ;  commenced  publication  of  Archbishop 
Ussher'a  complete  works,  1847 :  ^peoialiaed  on  the  recent 
ecclesiastical  history  of  Ireland.  [xvll.  331] 

ELRDTOTOK,  THOMAS  (1688-1732),  actor:  first 
appeared  at  Drury  Lane,  1709,  as  Oroonoko;  deputy- 
master  of  the  revels  and  steMrard  of  the  king's  inns  of 
court :  played  Hamlet  at  Lincoln's  Inn  Fields,  1716  ;  fre- 
quently appeared  at  Drury  Lan&  [xvil.  832] 

ELEDTOTOK,  THOMAS  (1760-1836),  bishop  of  Leigh- 
lln  and  Ferns ;  scholar  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  1778 ; 
fellow,  1781-1806  ;  M. A.,  1785  ;  Donnellan  divhiity  lecturer, 
1794 ;  D.D.,  1796 ;  Archbishop  Kind's  lecturer,  1796 :  Smith's 
professor  of  mathematics  and  ( 179'J)  of  natural  philosophy ; 
provost  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  1811-20;  bishop  of 
Limerick,  1820-2,  of  Leighlin  and  Ferns,  1822-36 ;  pub- 
lished ecclesiastical  and  other  works ;  edited  Locke's  *  Two 
Treatises  on  Government,*  as  well  as  Juvenal  and  Persius. 

[xvit  333] 

KTJinAT.E,  ROBINSON  (1744-1783X  autobiographer, 
narrating  his  adventures  as  a  privateer  (1763-79)  off 
EUspaniola  and  the  west  coast  of  Africa.         [xviL  8M] 


MOUNTSTXJART  (1779-1869),  go- 

of  Bombay :  appointed  to  the  Bengal  civil  service, 

1796 ;  e»c^>ed  from  vaxir  All's  noassacre  of  Europeans, 

1796;  aoriatant  to  the  governor-general's  agent  at  the 

poriiva  of  Poooa's  ooart,  1801 ;  military  attach^  at  the 

battle  of  Asaaye,  1803;    charged  with  the  cavalry  at 

Axgaom,  1803 ;  lerident  of  Nagpur ;  ambassador  to  Shah 

8ka)s  at   Cabal,  1808 ;   resident   of   Poona,    1810-16 ; 

^^irtfil  jnattoe  from  the  peehwa  of  Poona  on  one  of 

bis  hvooritea,  who  had  murdered  a  Mahratta  envoy, 

1816;    saperseded,    1816;    took  part  in   a   repulse   of 

Xafaatte  troops,   1817;    instmcted   to   annex    Poona, 

UlT;  governor  oi  Bombay,  1819-27 ;  prepared  code  for 

Bmbay  president;  declined  the  governor-generalship 

oawMa^g:  author  of  a  'History  of  India*  and  *The 

Bittof  Britiah  Power  in  the  East,'  published  1887. 

[xvii.  326] 

ILFHSnTOVB.  WILLIAM  (1431-1614),  bishop  of 

Ahadeen  and  founder  of  Aberdeen  Univeraity;    M.A., 

^^i»igaw^  1461;    regent  of   Glasgow  University,  1466; 

netor  of  St.  Michael's  Church,  Trongate,  1466 ;  doctor  of 

^fna  at  Paris;   rectcn-  of  Glasgow  University,  e.  1474  : 

<tfeial  of  Glasgow,  and  (1478)  of  Lothian ;  made  arch- 

^i»oeKk  of   Argyll   for  his   services  as  ambassador  to 

^«ois  21,1479;  bishop  of  Boss,  1481:    privy  councillor, 

^ :  bishop  of  Aberdeen,  e.  1488-1614 ;   sent  to  ammge 

^Qiarriage  between  JanKS  III  and  Edward  IV's  niece 

^Une,  1484;    lord    auditor  of   complaints,  Edinburgh; 

QBorioCeotly  supported  James  ni;  lord  high  chancellor, 

l48B;  keeper  of  the  privy  seal,  1492-1614;  concludoi  a 

t>«aty  between  Scotknd  and   Holland,  1493;   obtained 

<4)uter  from  James  IV  to  found  King's  College.  Aberdeen, 

1488;  rebuilt  choir  of  Aberdeen  Cathedral;   introduced 

printing  Into  Scotland;  his  end  said  to  have  been  hastened 

by  distnss  at  the  English  victory  at  Flodden. 

[xvii.  328] 

nfHZVBTOHB,     WILLIAM    GEORGE     KEITH 

(l78i-184S),  major-general;    lieutenant,  41st   regiment, 

160C;  major,  8th  West  India  regiment,  1811 ;  fought  at 

Waterloo,  1816 ;  CJB. :  aido-de^samp  to  the  king,  1826 : 

vajor-general,  1837 ;    nnfortonate  in  his  command  of  tl^ 

traofN  at  OaboL  1841,  where  he  died  just  before  the  final 

[xviL  330] 


11PHIHIT0HX-B0II.0WAT,  WILLIAM  CUTH- 
BKBT  (1787-1880),  oolond,  R.B. ;  son  of  Sir  Charles  HoUo- 
«V  (1749-1827)  [q.  v.]  ;  second  lieutenant,  royal  engineera, 
IWM;  tteotenant,  1805 ;  captain,  1813  ;  lieutenant-colonel, 
Itt;  eokmel,  1841 :  served  in  Peninsula,  1810-12 ;  com- 
■sadiag  royal  engineer  in  Gape  of  Good  Hope,  1818-31, 
is  Gaaada,  1843-9,  and  in  western  military  district,  1849 
tin  death :  03.,  1831 ;  took  surname  of  Blphinstone,  1825. 

[SuppL  it  438] 
maVaTOV,    oharles    RICHARD    (1787-1K5i)). 
KgioB  profaaKw  of  divinity  in  Dublin  University :  U.  A. 
Trinity  (^oOege,  Dublin,  1806;  mathematical  and  Hebrew 


.,  SAMUEL  (d.  1827),  master  of  Moulton 
gnunmar  school ;  son  of  Robinson  Elsdale  [q.  v.] ;  MJL 
Lincoln  OoUege,  Oxford,  1809 ;  fellow.  [xvii.  334] 

EL8I  id,  1060).    [See  Eadsioe.] 

EL8T0B,  ELIZABETH  (1683-1756),  Anglo-Saxon 
scholar ;  sister  of  William  Elstob  [q.  v.]  ;  published  *  En- 
glish-Saxon Homily  on  the  Nativity  of  St.  Gregory,'  with 
translation,  1709;  given  100/.  by  Queen  Caroline;  com- 
menced edition  of  iBlfric's  'Homilies,'  and  published 
Anglo-Saxon  grammar,  1715.  [xvii.  334] 

ELSTOB,  WILLIAM  (1673-1716),  divine ;  chiimed  to 
descend  from  Welnb  princes ;  educatal  at  Eton  and 
Catharine  Hidl,  Oambridge  ^  fellow  of  University  College, 
Oxford,  1696;  M. A.,  1697:  incumbent  of  St.  Swithin  and 
St.  Mary  Bothaw,  London,  17U2-15  ;  edited  Roger  Ascham's 
*  Letters,*  1703  ;  made  proposals  for  re-editing  the  Saxon 
laws.  [xviL  336] 

SL8TKA0KE,  RENOLD  (RENIBR)  (JL  1690-1630), 
engraver ;  of  Belgian  origin ;  executed  oigravinga  of  the 
kings  of  England  for  Henry  Holland  (1583-1660  f )  [q.  v.], 
1618 ;  engraved,  among  other  portraits,  a  double  whole- 
length  of  Mary  Stuart  and  Damley.  [xviL  336] 

SL8TJH,  JOHN  (yf.  1700-1706).  author;  collected 
'Epigrams  upon  the  Paintings  of  the  most  eminent 
Masters,  Antient  and  Modem,'  1700,  and  wrote  on  paint- 
ing, 1703-4.  [xviL  336] 

ELSYNOE,  HENRY  (1598-1654X  clerk  of  the  House 
of  Commons ;  educated  at  Westminster  and  Christ  Church, 
Oxford :  B. A.,  1625 ;  resigned  his  clerkship  of  the  House 
of  Commons  to  avoid  implication  in  proceedings  against 
Charles  1, 1648.  [xviL  336] 

ELTHAM,  JOHN  of,  Earl  of  Cornwall  (1316-1336). 
[See  John.] 

ELTOK,  Sir  CHARLES  ABRAHAM  (1778-1863X 
author ;  educated  at  Eton  ;  captain,  48th  regiment ;  served 
in  Holland ;  translated  Hesiod  and  selections  from  other 
Greek  and  Roman  poets ;  defended  unitarianism,  1818, 
but  aBjured  it  in  Aevrcpai  ^pomCS^K,  1827.     [xviL  837] 

I  ELTOK,  CHARLES  ISAAC  (1839-1900),  lawyer  and 
'  antiquary ;  B.A.  Balliol  College,  Oxford,  1862 ;  fellow  of 
'  Queen's,  and  Vinerian  law  scholar,  1862 ;  called  to  bar  at 
Lincoln's  Inn,  1865;  Q.C.,  1885;  conservative  M.P.  for 
!  West  Somerset,  1884-5,  and  for  Wellington  division,  1886- 
I  1892;  F.S.A.,  1883;  published  numerous  writings  on  his- 
torical, archtGological,  legal,  and  literary  topics. 

[SuppL  11.  184] 
ELTOK,  EDWARD  WILLIAM  (1794-1843),  actor; 
trained  for  the  law ;  appeared  at  the  opening  of  the  Gar- 
rick  Theatre  in  Whitechapel,  1831 :  theorisrinal  Beauseant 
in  the  *  Lady  of  Lyons '  at  Covent  Garden ;  played  Romeo 
and  Rolla  at  Drury  Lane,  1839-40 ;  perished  by  shipwreck, 
1843 ;  famous  in  the  rdle  of  Edgar  in  *  Lear.*  [xvii.  337] 

ELTOK,  JAMES  FREDERIC  (1840-1877),  African 
explorer ;  took  part  in  reUef  of  Delhi  ami  Lucknow,  1857 ; 
present  at  capture  of  Pekin,  1860  ;  joined  staff  of  French 

D  D 


ELTON 


402 


£jJtL£iS 


army  in  Mexico,  1866 ;  sent  to  report  on  Soath  African 
gold  and  diamond  flekU,  1871 ;  member  of  Natal  execntire 
and  legislative  coandl ;  political  agent  and  yioe-consol  at 
Zanzibar  to  aasiat  in  the  sappression  of  the  BlaTe>trade, 
1873 :  Britiflh  oodbqI  at  Mozambique,  1876 :  explored  the 
Makoa  comitry,  1877 :  endeavoored  to  ascertain  the  possi- 
bility of  a  roate  from  the  north  end  of  Lake  Nyaasa  to 
Qoiloa,  1877  ;  died  of  malarial  fever  in  Ugoga 

[xvli.  838]  . 
ELTOK,  JOHN  (d.  1761), adventorer  in  Persia;  eea- 
captain  in  Russian  service,  c.  1786-8 ;  formed  scheme  for 
British  trade  through  Russia  into  Persia  and  central  Asia 
by  way  of  Caspian  Sea,  which  was  temporarily  adopted  by 
the  Russian  company,  e.  1741 :  entered  service  of  shah  and 
was  appointed  admiral  of  Caspian;  espoused  cause  of 
Muhammad  Hassan  Kh&n,  1761,  and  was  shot  by  members 
of  the  rival  faction.  [Suppl.  U.  186] 

ELTOH,  RICHARD  (/.  1660),  military  writer ;  lieu- 
tenant-oolonel,  and  governor-general  of  Hull,  1666  ;  author 
of  *  The  compteat  Body  of  the  Art  MillUry,'  1660. 

[xviL  339] 

ELVET,  Sir  GBOROB  JOB  (1816-1893),  organist  and 
composer ;  chorister  of  Canterbury  Cathedral ;  studied 
music,  and  was  organist  of  St.  George's  Chapel.  Windsor, 
1836-82 ;  Mus.  Bao.  New  College,  Oxford,  1838 ;  Mns.  Doc. 
by  special  dispensation  of  chancellor  of  university,  1840 ; 
knighted,  1871.  He  was  a  prolific  writer  of  church  music, 
and  componel  several  anthems  for  royal  marriages  and 
other  occasions.  [Suppl.  ii.  186] 

ELYEY,  STEPHEN  (1806-1860).  organist  and  com- 
poser :  organist  of  New  C^^e,  Oxford,  1880 ;  Man.  Doc. 
Oxon.,  1838 :  organist  of  St.  Mary's  Church,  and  (1846)  of 
St.  John's  College;  university  choragus,  1848-60;  com- 
pmed  Evening  Service  (1886),  and  settings  of  the  Psalter. 

[xvii.339] 

ELVIDEN,  EDMUND  ifi.  1670),  poet;  published 
'  A  Neweyere*s  gift  to  the  Rebellious  Persons  in  uie  North 
partes  of  England,'  1670,  *  The  Closit  of  Coonsdls,*  1669, 
and  a  *  Metapboricall  History  of  Pesistratns  and  Catanea.* 

[xvii.  840] 

ELWALL,  EDWARD  (1676-1744),  Sabbatarian;  de- 
fended the  Presbyterian  meetlng-hoose  at  Wolverhampton 
from  a  high  church  mob,  1716 ;  successively  a  unitarian, 
u    churchman,   and   an   Bbionite;   wore    at   one   time 

*  Turkish  habit,'  from  respect  to  the  unitarianism  of  Islam ; 

*  transient  member'  of  the  Sabbatarian  baptists,  1720 ; 
prosecnted  for  blasphemy  at  Stafford,  but  dischai^^  by 
Alexander  Denton,  1786 ;  published  unitarian,  Sabbatarian, 
and  other  religious  pamphlets.  [xvlL  840] 

ELWE8,  Sir  GERYASB  (1661-1616).    [SeeHsLWYS.] 

ELWES  OF  Mbgoott,  JOHN  (1714-1789X  miser ; 
educated  at  Westminster ;  became  an  expert  in  riding  at 
Geneva ;  heir  to  his  ancle's  estate,  1768 ;  M.P.  for  Berk- 
shire, 1774-87 :  *  trimmed '  between  the  party  of  Pitt  and 
Fox :  lived  a  parsimonious  rather  than  a  selfish  life. 

[xviL  848] 

ELWIN,  WHITWELL  (1816-1900),  prose- writer ; 
B.A.  Calus  College,  Cambrioge,  1839;  ordained  priest, 
1840;  curate  of  Hardington,  Somerset,  1840-9;  rector  of 
Booton,  1849-1900;  contributed  to  'Quarterly  Review,' 
1843-86 ;  editor,  1863-60.  His  works  include  five  volumes 
(1871-2)  of  the  edition  of  Pope  which  Mr.  W.  J.  Courthope 
completed.  [SuppL  ii.  187] 

ELY,  HUMPHREY  (d.  1604),  Roman  cathoUc  divine ; 
studied  at  Brasenoec  College,  Oxford ;  scholar  of  St.  John's 
College,  Oxford ;  licentiate  in  Uie  canon  and  civil  laws, 
Douay ;  LL.D. ;  made  by  a  uptake  gaoler  of  one  of  his 
travelling  companions,  when  visiting  England  disguised  as  , 
a  merchant,  1680;  priest,  1682;  professor  of  the  canon 
and  civil  Ian^'s  at  Pont-^Mousson,  1686-1604;  wrote 
'Certaine  Briefe  Notes'  on  the  archpricst  controversy, 
1608.  [xvii.  344] 

ELY,  NICHOLAS  OF  {d.  1280),  chanoeUor;  arch- 
deacon of  Ely,  1249 ;  prebendary  of  St.  Paul's ;  elevated 
to  the  keepership  of  the  great  seal  soon  after  the  pro- 
visions of  Oxford,  becoming  chanoeUor,  1260 ;  dlsmifeed, 
1361;  treasurer,  1862:  reappointed  chancellor,  but  re- 
stricted to  signing  ordinary  writs,  of  which  the  justiciar 
was  witness,  1263 ;  reappointed  treasurer,  1264 ;  bishop  of 
Worcester,  1866-8 ;  one  of  the  board  appointed  to  ammge 
terms  for  thesabmisBion  tA  the  disinherited  barons,  1266 ; 


bishop  of  Winchester,  1868-80 ;  involved  in  an  obstinate  ^^ 
quarrel  with  the  chapter  of  Winchester  relative  to 
nomination  of  a  prior ;  reconstituted  the  monasteiy 
appointed  Adam  of  Fareham  prior,  1278.         [xviL  344] 

ELY,  THOMAS  OF  (yl.  1176).    [See  Thomam.] 

ELY,  WILLIAM  (ji.  1609X  Roman  catholio 
brother  of  Humphrey  Ely  [q.  v.] ;  M.A.  Braaeoose 
lege,  Oxford,  1649 ;  refuse!  to  shake  hands  with  Cn^^. 
mer  at  the  stake,  1666  ;  B.D.,  1667 ;  second  president    o/ 
St.  John's  College,  Oxford,  1669-68,  having  temponrll^ 
conformed ;    removed  on  refusing   to   aclmowledge  the 
queen's   supremacy    over    the    English   church,  16CJ,- 
missioner  in  Herefordshire ;  died  in  Hereford  gaoL 

[xvii.34«] 

ELYOT,  Sir  RICHARD  (1460  ?-1638),  judge ;  commii^ 
sioner  for  the  collection  of  an  aid  in  Wiltshire,  1M3: 
serjeant-at-law,  1603 ;  attorney-general  to  the  queen,  c 
16C4 ;  judge  of  assize  on  the  western  circuit ;  J.P.  for 
Cornwall,  1609 ;  judg^  of  the  common  pleas,  U13 : 
knighted  before  1617 ;  summoned  to  the  first  three  parUs- 
ments  of  Henry  VUPs  reign.  .  [xviL  347] 

ELYOT,  Sm  THOMAS  (1499  ?-1646),  diplomatist  sod 
author  ;  son  of  Sir  lUchard  Elyot  [q.  v.]  ;  studied  6skn 
and  other  medical  writers ;  clerk  of  aasize  on  the  western 
circuit,  1611-28 ;  J.P.  for  Oxfordshire,  1622  ;  clerk  of  tbe 
privy  council,  1623-30 ;  knighted,  1630 ;  owed  his  appoint- 
ment (1631)  as  ambassador  to  Charles  V  to  his  'Boke 
called  the  Govcmour'  (published,  1631) ;  directed,  againit 
his  inclination,  to  obtain  the  emperor's  assent  to  Heoiy 
yiU's  divorce  from  Catherine  of  Arragon ;  again  ambas- 
sador to  the  emperor,  1636 ;  insisted  in  a  letter  to  Craor 
well  that,  though  intimate  with  Sir  Thomas  More,  he  was 
no  catholic,  1636 ;  M.P.,  Cambridge,  1542.  His  workB, 
written  undJer  the  infiuenoe  of  Erasmos  and  ttie  ItaUaa 
humanists,  include  *  Tbe  Doctrine  of  Princes  .  .  .  teans- 
lated  out  of  Orekc  into  Englishe  *  (from  Isocrates),  1684,  a 
Latin-English  dictionary,  1638,  *The  Image  of  Goven- 
anoe,*  translated  from  a  Greek  manuscript  of  Eoooli^ 
(first  published,  1640X  and  Platonic  dialogaes  and  com- 
pilations from  tbe  fathers.  [rviL  347] 

ELYS,  EDMUND  (>f.  1707),  divine  and  poet :  pro- 
bationer fellow  of  Balliol  College,  Oxford,  1666-9 ;  M JL, 
1668 ;  rector  of  East  Allington,  1669-88 ;  impriaooed  oo 
suspicion  of  being  a  royalist,  1669 ;  deprived,  1689 ;  pab- 
lished  quaker  ai^  anti-Socinian  pamphlets  aoid  reli^oos 
poems.  [xviL  360] 

EMERSOK,  WILLIAM  (1701-1782),  mathematician: 
unsuccessful  as  a  private  teacher;  keimly  interested  in 
practical  mechanics,  incidentally  constructing  a  spinning- 
wheel  for  his  wife ;  declined,  on  grounds  of  economy,  to 
l>eoome  a  memlier  of  the  Royal  Society ;  published  treatise 
(m  *  Fluxions,'  1749,  and  mathematical  manuals  foryoong 
students,  including  *  Cyclomathesis,'  1763,  *The  Arith- 
metic of  Infinites,'  1767,  and  » Dialling,'  1770. 

[xviL  861] 

EMESY,  EDWARD  (</.  I860?),  namismatist;  pro- 
duced the  imitations  of  coins  known  as  '  Emery's  forgeries '; 
exposed.  1842.  [xviL  362] 


',  JOHN  (1777-1822),  actor ;  performed  at  the 
Brighton  Theatre ;  appeared  at  the  Haymarket  in  tM- 
man's  *  Heir-at-Law,' 1800 ;  member  of  the  Covent  Garden 
Company,  1801-22 ;  exhibited,  mainly  sea-pieces,  at  Um 
Royal  Academy,  1801-17;  declared  by  Leigh  Hunt  to  be 

*  almost  perfect'  in  his  representation  of  rustios. 

[xviL  362] 

EMERY,  SAMUEL  ANDERSON  (1817-1881),  actor; 

son  of   John   Emery  [q.  v.] ;   engaged  at  the   Qoeen's 

Theatre,  c  1884  ;  played  in  Scotland  and  the  Midlands ; 

played  Giles  in  the  *  Miller's  Maid'  and  Lovegold  Ln  the 

*  Miser*  at  tbe  Lyceum,  1843;  stage-manager  at  tbe 
Surrey,  but  not  permanently  identified  with  any  theatre ; 
excelled  in  the  parts  of  old  man  and  ooontryman. 

[xviL  S63] 
ElEEB,  JOHN  ifl.  1786-1806),  engraver  and  water- 
colour  painter;  exhibited  landscapes  at  the  Royal 
Academy,  1790  and  1791 :  best  known  by  his  engravhag 
of  JefTerya's  *  Destruction  of  the  Spanish  Batteries  befoe 
Gibraltar,*  1786.  [xviL  8M] 


I,  THOMAS  id.  1707),  known  as  *  tbe  prophet' : 
quack  doctor ;  his  reaurrection  expected  by  the  Oam&sard 
fraternity,  to  which  he  belonged,  1707 ;  dendad  CToUwteh's 


EMTLY 


408 


ENGTiAND 


f  alkali  bdog  morbific  and  *  acid '  being  curative  ' 
doffoe  between  Alkali  and  Add,'  1698 :  pabliahed 
iflDnablenesB  and  Union  of  Natural  and  the  True 
I  Religiou,*  1698.  [xvii.  864] 

.T,  EDWARD  (1617-1667).  Harveian  orator; 
don,  1640 :  M.D.  Oxford;  L.O.Ph  1641 ;  censor, 
1663;  GolBtonian  leotarer,  1649 ;  attacked  the 
iraatth  in  his  Hanreian  oration,  1666. 

[xTiL  S66] 
r,  Babon  (1813-1894).  [See  Moxselu  William.] 

nr,  HENRY  ( 1729-1 815X  architect ;  pabliahed 
rftkm  for  a  New  Order  in  Architecture '  (founded 
iOD  of  the  upper  portion  of  the  shaft  into  two 
1 1781 :  introduced  the  order  into  the  tetra-style 
t  Beaamont  Lodge,  near  Windsor,  c.  1786. 

[xvii.  366] 

nr,  8OLL0M  (1697-1764X  legal  writer :  son  of 

bodyQ  [q.  v.] ;  studied  at  Lqrden ;  member  of 

Inn;  disparaged  the  civil  law,  the  criminal 

tbta  eocteaa^tical  courts  in  the  preface  to  his 

lUtioo  of  the  *  SUte  Trials,*  1790.     [xviL  366] 

nr,  THOMAS  (1663-1741),  first  unitarian  minis- 
igtand;  domestic  cliaplain  to  Letitia,  countess 
a,  a  presbjterian  lady,  1683-8 ;  chaplain  to  Sir 
ieh,  1689-91 ;  colleague  to  Joseph  Boyse  [q.  v.] 
,  1691-170S ;  made  confession  of  his  heresy  to  a 
•  eider  of  his  congregation,  1703 ;  virtually  dis- 
r09 :  put  to  press  *  An  Humble  Inquiry  into  the 

Aoooont  of  Jesus  Christ,*  1702,  for  which  he 
skoed  in  the  court  of  queen's  bench  to  a  year's 
nent,  to  be  extended  until  he  had  paid  a  fine  of 
d  fomid  security  for  good  behaviour  during  life, 
i  rednctioii  of  hli  fine  mooted  by  Boyse  and  sub* 

allowed  by  Ormonde,  the  lord-lieutenant;  re- 
payment of  90/.,  1706  :  occasionally  preached  at 
id  baptist  church  in  the  Barbican  (PauVs  Alley) ; 
the  first  preacher  who  described  himself  as  a 
,  the  term  originated  by  Thomas  Firmin  [q.  v.] ; 

Samuel  Clarke  (1676-1729)  [q.  v.] :  published 

pamphlets.  [xviL  366] 

k  (<l.  1069),  called  JSlfoifu,  queen ;  daughter  of 
the  Fearless,  duke  of  the  Normans ;  called  *  the 
he  Normans*  in  Henry  of  Huntingdon's  ohro- 
vrned  to  King  Bthelred  IL,  the  Unready  [q.  v.], 
gpted  the  English  name  JEl^fn ;  said  to  have 
London  against  Cnnt,  1016 :  married  to  Cnut, 
leavoared  to  make  her  son  Harthacnut  king,  but 
med  by  ber  step-son  Harold,  who  seized  England 
rth  of  t^  Thames,  1036  :  secured  for  Harthacnut 
DO  as  king  in  Wessex,  1036  :  bamsbed  by  Harold  I, 
3f  Wessex  being  tired  of  Eiarthacnut's  prolonged 
1037 ;  fled  to  the  court  of  Baldwin  V,  count  of 
:  vicMed  considerable  influence  during  the  reign 
acnut,  1044i-l  ;  despoiled  of  her  wealth  by  King 
;he  Confessor,  ber  son  by  bthelred,  1043. 

[xvii.  360] 
KT.  CHRISTOPHER  TEMPLE  (1761-1788X 
;  brother  of  Robert  Emmet  [q.  v.]  :  scholar, 
loOege,  Dublin,  1778 ;  called  to  the  bar  in  Ireland, 
ig's  counsel,  1787;  predicted  downfall  of  Bng- 
BH  Irish  wrongs  were  redressed,  in  his  *  Decree,* 
rical  poem.  [xviL  361] 

BT,  ROBERT  (1778-1803),  United  Irishman: 
Trinity  College,  Dublin,  1793 :  took  his  name  off 
when  brought  up  at  the  visitation  held  to  discover 
ical  sympathies  of  the  students,  1798 :  visited 
terviewed  Talleyrand  and  Napoleon,  the  latter  of 
■omised  to  secure  Irish  independence,  1803 ;  fell 
jTith  Sarah  Currau,  daughter  of  John  Philpot 
t|.  v.]  :  projected  a  rising,  1803,  the  plan  of  which 
the  seizniv  of  the  penson  of  the  viceroy ;  lost 
Jtie  violence  of  Us  followers  and  retired  to  Rath- 
;  arrested  and  executed,  1808.  [xviL  363] 

BT,  THOMAS  ADDIS  (1764-1837),  United 
:  brother  of  Robert  Enmiet  [q.  v.] ;  scholar  of 
IMlege,  Dublin  1781 ;  B.A.,  1783 ;  M.D.  Bdin- 
uL.B.  Dublin ;  called  to  the  Irish  bar,  1790 :  took 
of  Uk  United  Irishmen  in  open  court,  1796  ;  one 
irectors  of  the  Society  of  the  United  Irishmen, 
rrested  with  tiis  coUesgues,  1798;  agreed  to 
gh*s  proposal  that  he  should  be  transported  to 


America,  but,  in  consequence  of  the  American  minister's 
objection,  was  transferred  to  Fort  St.  Gkorge  in  Scotland, 
1799 ;  sent  to  Holland,  1803 :  assisted  MacSheehy  in  his 
scheme  for  raising  a  battalion  of  Irish  in  the  pav  of 
France ;  joined  the  New  York  bar,  1804 :  died  at  New 
York.  [xviL  868] 


.,  ANTHONY  (1790-1873),  major-general, 
Toytl  engineers  ;  second  lieutenant,  royal  engineers,  1806 ; 
wounded  while  leading  a  colunm  to  the  assault  of  Badajoc, 
IKIS;  captain,  1813;  fought  at  Orthes  and  Toaloa8^ 
1814  :  commanding  royal  engineer  at  St.  Helena ;  retired 
Us  major-general.  [xviL  364] 

EMFBOH  or  SKBOK,  Sir  RICHARD  (d.  1610), 
statesman  and  lawyer  ;  M.P.  for  Northamptonshire,  1491 ; 
speaker,  1491-3 :  knighted,  1604 ;  high  steward  of  Cam- 
bridge University,  1601 ;  chancellor  of  the  duchy  of  Lan- 
caster,  1604 ;  associated  with  Edmund  Dudl^  [q.  vj  in 
the  exaction  of  taxes  and  crown  fines  during  Henry  v  n*s 
reign ;  executed  on  a  charge  of  constructive  treason, 
suggested  by  his  having  armed  his  friends  during 
Henry  VITs  last  illness.  [xviL  864] 

SKP80H,  WILLIAM  (1791-1863),  editor  of  the 
*  Bdhiburgh  Review  * :  educated  at  Winchester  and  Trinity 
College,  Cambridge ;  M.A.,  1816 ;  his  article  on  Bentham 
in  the  'Edinburgh  Review*  (1848)  answered  by  John 
Stuart  Mill ;  professor  of  *  general  polity  and  the  laws  of 
England'  at  the  East  India  College,  Haileybury,  1834-63 ; 
editor  of  the  *  Edinburgh  Review,'  1847-53.    [xviL  866] 

EVSA,  or,  in  the  older  spelling,  SHVA,  Saikt,  of 
Arran  (>f.  6th  cent.X  son  of  a  chief  of  Oriel  (in  county 
Louth) :  perauaded  by  his  sister,  St.  Fanche,  to  become  a 
monk ;  crossed  over  to  Britain  ;  ordained  presbyter  after 
living  with  St.  Ninian :  founded  monastery  of  *  T<arinnm  * ; 
missionary  in  Ireland,  founding  ten  monasteries  in  Arran 
of  the  Saints.  [xviL  866] 

EVDSOOTT,  JOHN  (1688  7-1666X  governor  of  New 
England;  probably  bom  at  Dorchester;  joined  in  pur- 
chasing a  patent  at  Massachusetts  Bay  territory,  1638;  in 
charge  of  Naumkeag  (afterwards  Salem),  1628 ;  conducted 
expedition  to  Mount  Wollaston  (now  Quincy),  and  re- 
buked the  inhabitants  for  their  lawlessness;  friend  of 
John  Winthrop,  the  first  regularly  elected  governor  of 
New  England  ;  member  of  his  council  of  assistants,  1680 
and  1636 ;  disqualified  from  holding  oflloe  for  one  year  by 
judicial  sentence,  for  having  insulted  the  red  cross  of  St. 
Gteorge,  1634;  sent  on  an  expedition  agadnst  the  Block 
Island  and  Pequot  Indians,  1686;  governor,  1644,  1649, 
1661-3,  and  1666-66 ;  sergeant  major-general  of  Massa- 
chusetts, 1646;  persecuted  the  qoaken;  coined  money, 
1662-66 ;  informed  that  Charles  II  was  ready  to  take  the 
colony  under  his  protection,  provided  that  it  submitted  to 
be  a  dependency  of  the  English  crown,  1663 ;  the  roval 
commissioners  refused  a  hairing  by  his  court,  1664 :  his 
dismissal  recommended  by  Secretary  Sir  William  Morrice, 
1666.  [xvU.  366] 


EDWARD  (1811-1880),  philanthropist; 
grandson  of  William  Enfield  [q.  v.] ;  literary  student  at 
Manchester  College,  York ;  moneyer  at  the  mint ;  presi- 
dent of  the  senate  of  University  College,  London,  1878-80 ; 
treasurer  of  the  University  College  Hospital,  1867-80; 
president  of  Manchester  New  College,  London ;  worked 
with  the  domestic  mission  society  for  the  poor  of  East 
London.  [xviL  368] 


►,  WILLIAM  (1741-1797),  divine  and  author ; 
tutor  in  beUes-lettres  and  rector  of  the  Warrington  aca- 
demy, 1770-83:  LL.D.  Edinburgh,  1774;  pastor  of  two 
Presbyterian  congregations ;  published  '  The  Speaker,' 
1774,  a  popular  schoolbook,  *  Institutes  of  Natural  Philo- 
sophy,* 1785,  and  translations  and  religious  works. 

[xvU.  369] 
SNOLAVD,  GEORGE  (/.  1735),  divine  and  author; 
incumbent  of  two  country  parishes  ;  published  *  An  En- 
quiry into  the  Morals  of  the  Ancients,'  1737.  [xvii.  370] 

SNOLAVD,  GEORGE  (Jt.  1740-1788),  organ-builder ; 
built  an  organ  for  St.  Stephen*8,  Walbrook  (1760),  and 
for  various  other  churches.  [xvii.  870] 

EHOLAHD,  GEORGE  PIKE  (1766  7-1814),  organ- 
builder ;  son  of  George  England  (fl.  1740-1788)  [q.  v.]  ; 
built  organs  for  numerous  churches.  Including  one,  con- 
jointly with  NiohoUs,  for  Durham  Cathedral,  1816. 

[xviL  870] 

dd2 


ENGLAND 


404 


EKBXJBY 


EHOLAVO.  JOmi  (1786-1849),  bifihop  of  Cbarlee. 
ton ;  foanded  female  peniteaUarj  and  poor  schocdB  for 
both  sexes  while  a  etodent  at  Garlow  CloUege;  lecturer 
at  Cork  Oathedral  and  chaplain  to  the  Presentation  Oon< 
vent,  1808 ;  D.D. ;  president  of  the  diocesan  collie  of 
St.  Mary,  1812-17 ;  Roman  catholic  bishop  of  Charleston, 
U.8.A.,  1830;  esUblished  the  pioneer  'United  States 
Oatholic  Miscellany*:  befriended  the  negroes  of  bis 
diocese ;  papal  legate  to  the  government  of  Hayti,  1833 : 
his  collected  works  (dealing  with  topics  of  controversial 
theology)  pablished,  1849.  [xvii.  870] 

SNOLAJTD,  SIR  RIOHARD  ^1798-1883),  general; 
born  at  Detroit,  Upper  Canada ;  lieutenant,  1809 ;  lieu- 
tenant-colonel, 1836 ;  brigadier-general  during  the  Elaffir 
war,  1836  and  1837 ;  colonel,  1888 ;  assisted  Nott  in  de- 
feating Akbar  Khan  on  the  Kbojak  Heights,  but  suffered 
some  reverses,  1841 ;  K.C.B.,  1843  :  distinguished  himself 
at  Inkerman,  1854 ;  directed  attack  on  Redan,  1855  ; 
Q.O.B. ;  colonel,  4lst  regiment,  1861 ;  general,  1863. 

[xvU.  871] 

ENOLAKD,  THOMAS  RICHARD  (1790-1847),  bio- 
grapher ;  brother  of  John  England  [q.  v.] ;  catholic 
parish  priest  in  Ireland ;  published  biographies  of  some 
Ronxan  oatholic  ecclesiastios.  [xvii.  873] 

SNOLSFIELD,  Sir  FRANCIS  (d,  1596?),  Roman 
catholic  exile ;  knighted  at  Edward  VPs  coronation,  1547 ; 
impiisoued  for  cel^rating  mass  before  the  Princess  Mary, 
1551 :  privy  councillor,  1658 ;  knight  of  the  shire  for 
Berks ;  placed  on  the  witchcraft  commission,  1555 ;  fled 
to  Yalladolid,  1559 ;  outlawed  for  high  treason,  committed 
at  Namur,  1564 ;  attainted  and  forfeited,  1585,  Elizabeth 
seizing  even  the  estates  he  had  alienated :  pensioned  by 
the  king  of  Spain ;  corresponded  with  the  pope  and  the 
king  of  Spain  on  behalf  of  Mary  Stuart,  1586 ;  buried  at 
VaUadolid.  [xvlL  378] 

EHOLEFIELD,  Sir  HENRT  CHARLES  (1753-1833), 
antiquary  and  scientific  writer ;  F.S.A.,  1779 ;  P.S.A. ; 
directed  the  society's  issue  of  engravings  of  Englhih 
cathedrals  and  churches,  1797-1813 ;  F.R.8.,  1778 ;  gold 
medallist  of  the  Society  of  Arts  for  his  *  Discovery  of  a 
Lake  from  Madder  * ;  published  miscellaneous  works. 

[xvii.  374] 

EKOLSHSAET,  FRANCIS  (1775-1849),  engraver; 
nephew  of  Oeorge  Engleheart  [q.  v.]  ;  engraved  for  books 
from  drawings  by  Richard  (>ook  [q.  v.j  ;  engraved  Sir 
David  Wilkie's '  Duncan  Gray  *  and  ♦  The  Only  Daughter ' ; 
exhibited  at  the  Society  of  British  Artists.      [xviL  875] 

EHOLEHEABT,  GBOROB  (1753-1839),  miniature- 
painter  :  of  Silesian  extraction :  pupil  of  Sir  Joshua  Rey- 
nolds :  miniature-painter  to  the  king,  1790  ;  exhibited  at 
the  Royal  Academy,  1773-1813.  [xvii.  375] 

SNaLEHEABT,  JOHN  COX  DILLMAN  (1788-1863X 
miniature-painter ;  nephew  of  George  Engleheart  [q.  v.]  ; 
exhibited  at  the  Royal  Academy,  1801-38.      [xvii.  375] 

EirOLEHEAET,  THOMAS  (d.  1787  ?),  sculptor  and 
modeller  in  wax ;  brother  of  George  Engleheart  [q.  v.] ; 
gold  medallist  of  the  Royal  Academy  for  a  bas-relief  of 
*  Ulysses  and  Nausicaa,'  1773 ;  exhibited  wax  busts  and 
models  at  the  Royal  Academy,  1773-86.  [xvii.  875] 

EHOLEHEABT,  TIMOTHY  STAN8FELD  (1808- 
1879),  engraver :  engraved  Gulrio  Keni's  '  Kcce  Homo,' 
1840,  and  plates  in  ♦  The  British  MuHium  Marbles.' 

[xvU.  375] 

ENGLISH,  HESTER  (1571-1634).    [See  Kkllo.] 

EHOLISH,  Sir  JOHN  HAWKER  (1788-1840X  sur- 
geon-in-chief to  the  Swedish  army ;  decorated  with  the 
order  of  Gustovus  Vasa,  1813;  Imighted,  1815;  M.D. 
Oiittlugeu,  1814 ;  M.D.  Aberdeen,  1833  ;  L.R.C.P.,  1838. 

[xvii.  376] 

ENGLISH,  JOSIAS  (d.  1718 ?X  amateur  etcher; 
etched  in  the  style  of  Hollar  from  Clein*s  designs ;  his 
moiit  important  etching,  *  Christ  and  the  Disciples  at 
Emmaus '  after  Titian.  [xvii.  876] 

ENGLISH,  WILLIAM  (A  1850).    [See  Grwaunt.] 

ENGLISH,  WILLIAM  (tf.  1778),  Irish  poet ;  Angus- 
tiniau  monk  and  writer  of  ballads,  including  the  well- 
known  '  Cashed  of  Mnnster.'  [xvii.  376] 

ENNISKILLEN,  second  Baron  op  (1616-1645).  [See 
Maguire,  Connor  or  Corxblius.] 


ENSOH,  WILLIAM   (1796-1883),   engnw;  sUver 
medallist  of  the  Society  of  Arte  for  a  pen-and-ink  portrait 
of  William  Blake  (1757-1837)  [q.  v.],  1815 ;  engraved  for 
annuals;   executed  engravings  from  portr^ts   by  Sir-^ 
Thomas  Lawrence.  [xviL  876] 

ENSOR,  GEORGE  (1769-1848),  political  writer ;  BA 

Trinity  College,  Dublin,  1790 ;  author  of  a  philosophica:;: 
essay,  entitled  *  The  Independent  Man,'  1806,and  aaBaihu^^ 
of  the  English  government  of  Ireland  in  snch  books 
*  Anti-Union,'  1881,  and*  A  Defence  of  the  Irish,* 
wrote  against  Malthusiantsm,  1818.  [xrlL  8761 


\  Sir  GEORGE  (1604-1689),  physician;  of  DoU^k 
parentage ;  M.A.  Sidney  Sussex  College,  Cambridge,  16^2  • 
M.D.  Padua,  1686;    P.C.P.,  1639;    Uulstonian  lecturer 
1643 ;  knighted,  1665 ;   P.C.P.,  1670-5,  1688,  and  16%^/ 
F.R.S. :  vindicated  Harvey's  discovery  with  an  *■  Apc^o^a' 
pro  circuitione  sanguinis,^  1641.  [xviL  3777 

ENTIGK,  JOHN  (1708  7-1773),  schoolmaster  aad 
author ;  published  a  *  Speculum  Latinum,'  1788 ;  brought 
out  *Phffidri  Fabulse,'  with  accents  and  notes,  17M; 
attacked  the  government  in  Shebbcare  and  Scott's  asti- 
ministerial  'Monitor*;  obtained  diunages  in  1765  for 
seizure  of  his  papers  by  the  government  three  yean 
before;  published  histories  and  compiled  English  and 
Latin  dictionaries.  [xviL  378] 

ENTWISLE,  JOSEPH  (1767-1841),  methodist  minis. 
ter ;  preached  laefore  his  sixteenth  year ;  sent  (»i  the 
Oxfordshire  circuit  bv  Wesley,  1787;  first  miasioaarj 
secretary,  1805  ;  president  of  conference,  1818  and  1831 ; 
house  governor  of  the  Hoxton  Theolofical  Institatian, 
1884-8 :  published  an  *  Essay  on  Secret  Prayer,'  1890. 

[xviL  878] 

ENTT,  JOHN  (1675  7-1748),  prosbyterian  minister: 
of  humble  origin ;  ]»stor  of  a  presbyterian  ocmgregatioo 
at  Plymouth,  1698 ;  leader  of  the  conservative  party  in 
the  assembly  of  united  ministers ;  published  theological 
pamphlets.  [xvii  879] 

EOGHAN,  Saint  and  Bishop  (tf.  618X  kinsman  of  the- 
chieftains  of  Ulster  and  Lei^ster ;  carried  off  to  Britain, 
by  pirates  in  boyhood ;  educated  by  St  Ninian ;  taken 
Armorica  by  Gaulish  raiders;  retoroed  to  Ireland 
founded  a  monastery  at  Hy  Cualann,  co.  WicUow 
humanised  the  chieftains  of  Ardstraw,  and  hdped  hi 
friend,  Tlgemach.  to  found  monasteries  in  North  IrelaniS. 

[xviL  879] 

EON,  Chxvalier  d'  (1738-1810).      [See  D'^n  » i 
Bbaumont.] 

EPINE,   FRANCESCA   MARGHERITA  De   L'  (d. 
1746),   Tuscan    vocalist;   became   associated    with   tltf 
establishment  of  Italian  opera  in  iCngi«»id  by  singing  i/i 
•Thamyris,'    1707.   »Almahide.'  1710,  Handel's  » Pastor 
Fido,'  1713,  and  similar  pieces;  divided  London  societr 
into  factions  by  her  jealousy  of  Mrs.  T6ft«,  the  Dmry 
Lane  favourite,  1704.  [xviL  880] 

EPPS,  GEORGE  NAPOLEON  (1815-1874X  homao- 
pathic  practitioner:  half-brother  of  John  Epps  [q.?.]: 
M.R.C.&,  1845  ;  surgeon  to  the  Homoeopathic  Hopitsl, 
Hanover  Square,  1846;  chief  work,  'Spinal  Curvature, 
its  Theory  and  Cure,'  1849.  [xviL  881] 

EPPS,  JOHN  (1805-1869),  homoeopathic  phyaidsn : 
M.D.  Edinburgh,  1836  ;  published  *  Evidences  of  Chris- 
tiamty  deduced  from  Phrenology ' ;  medical  director  of 
the  Royal  Jennerian  and  London  Vaccine  Institotioii, 
c  1880 ;  issued  •  Homoeopathy  and  its  Principles  Ex- 
plained,' 1841,  and  other  works  in  defence  of  Hahnemann's 
system ;  lecturer  on  materia  medica  at  the  HomcBopathio 
Hospital,  Hanover  Square,  1851 ;  issued  the  » Christian 
Physician  and  Anthropological  Magazine,' 1835-9  ;  frieml 
of  Mazzini  and  Kossuth.  [xviL  883] 

EEARO,  Saint  and  Bishop  (jf.  730-754);  left 
Ireland  to  look  for  his  brother  Hildolph,  who  had  gone 
out  as  a  missionary  to  Germany,  and,  finding  him  a  her- 
mit in  the  Vosges,  induced  him  to  teach  publicly  • 
baptised  Ottilia,  daughter  of  the  Duke  of  the  Aiipmat,«i ' 
possibly  a  monastic  bishop  at  Batisbon,  where  be  was 
buried ;  canonised,  1058.  [xriL  883] 

..J^^yf^iJ^^^^*^^^  (1604-1654).  independent 
'^l^®i®*^*  ^T^^i**  College,  Oxford,  1628 ;  incumbent 
of  St,  Mary's,  Cardiff,  1633-38 ;  pronounced  a  schismatic 
by  the  bishop  of  UandaflC,  1684;  forced  to  lesiim  his 
hvmg,  1688 ;  chaplain  of  SUppon's  itigiment :  aoondiiw 


SBCELDOUNE 


406 


utU,  taoght  oniTenal  redemptloa;  denied  tbe 
of  Cellist,  1645 ;  meintaioed  in  Tarioos  tbeologioal 
UhU  tbe  H0I7  Spirit  departed  aboat  tbe  end  of 
soUc  period.  [xtIL  883] 

GXJMUJIE,  THOMAS  OF,  called  also  tbe  Rhtkxr 
KMOKT  (A  1220  7-1297  ?),  seer  and  poet ;  men- 
the  chartulary  (1294)  of  tbe  Trinity  Hoose  of 
tx^ving  inberitod  lands  in  Eroeldoane,  e  Ber- 
}  -riUa^;  said  to  have  ptedioted  tbe  deatb  of 
X  III,  king  of  Scotland,  under  tbe  figure  of  a 
re  sale,  1285,  also  tbe  battle  of  Bannockbum ; 
ml  foantain  of  nuuiy  (fabricated)  oracles,  one  of 
ovetokl  *  tbe  accession  of  James  VI  to  the  Bng- 
oe;  reputed  author  of  a  poem  on  tbe  Trlstrem 
blch  Sir  Walter  Scott  considered  genuine;  it 
'  emanated  from  a  French  source.  The  romance 
utf  aiKl  tbe  *  ladye  gaye,*  popularly  attributeil  to 
ij  be  placed  after  liul  (edited  by  Dr.  J.  A.  H. 
187»>.  [xvlL  886] 


.,  SAMPSON  (d.  1603),  historian  of 
iblre  :  studied  at  Brasenose  College,  Oxford,  1658- 
orked  at  bis '  View '  or  *  Surrey  '  of  Staffordshire 
13  to  ie03 :  said  to  have  written  his  pnpU  William 
I  ^Tme  Use  of  Armorie,'  1592;  commended  by 
qoBXj  Camden.  [xvii.  888] 


r.  Sir  JOHN  ERIC  (1818-1896X surgeon; 
;  Oopenbagen  ;  studied  medicine  at  University 
Loddon  :  M.R.G^^  1839  ;  F.R.G.S.,  1845 ;  joint 
*  on  anatomy  and  physiology  at  Westminster 
1,  1844,  and  joint  lecturer  on  anatomy,  1846-8; 
it-surgeon,  1848,  and  full  surgeon,  1850-75,  to 
tity  CkiUege  Hoepital :  professor  of  surgery  In 
iH^  College,  1850-66 ;  Holme  professor  of  clinical 
r.  1866  :  F.R.S.,  1876  ;  honorary  LL.D.  Bdinbuxgh, 
surgeon-extraordinary  to  Queen  Victoria,  1877 ; 
.  baronet,  1895 ;  president  of  council  of  University 
1,1887-96  ;  published  *  Science  and  Art  of  Surgery,' 
nd  other  surgical  works*  [SuppL  U.  188] 

lOSVA,  JOHN(/.  850).    [See  ScoTUS.] 

KEHWALD  or  XAKOOITWALD,  Saint  (d.  693), 
of  London ;  founded  a  monastery  with  the  help  of 
waU,  under-king  of  Surrey,  at  Obertsey,  and 
X  at  Barking  ;  consecrated  bishop  of  the  Sast- 
S  676,  practically  founding  his  see.       [xvlL  390] 

LE,  THOMAS  (1650  ?-17S0),  general :  M.P.  for 
lam,  1678-97,  and  1699-1718,  for  Portsmouth,  1698 ; 
r  lieutenant  for  Donet,  1685  ;  colonel  of  foot, 
fought  for  William  111  in  Ireland,  1690-1,  and  at 
irk,  1692 :  wounded  at  Landen,  1693  ;  commander- 
if  in  Irdand,  1702 :  lord  justice  in  Ireland,  c,  1702 ; 
■mt  of  tbe  ordnance  on  Marlborough's  reoommen- 
,  1703 ;  commanded  the  centre  as  lieutenant-general 
sanxa,  1707 ;  commander-in-chief  at  siege  of  Lille, 
oommander-ln-chief  in  South  Britain  and  governor 
tsmootb,  1709-lS ;  nominated  general  of  foot  In 
ers,  1711.  [zviL  891] 

LLX,  Sir  WILLIAM  (1793-1880X  judge ;  educated 
ncbester  ai^  New  College,  Oxford ;  fellow  ;  B.O.L., 
barrbter.  Middle  Temple,  1819;  bencher.  Inner 
le,  1834  ;  M  J>.  for  city  of  Oxfoid,  1837 :  counsel 
i  Bank  of  England,  1844 :  serjeant-at-law,  1844  ; 
ted,  1845 ;  lord  chief- justice  of  common  pleas, 
16 :  privy  councillor,  1859 ;  member  of  the  Trades' 
I  CoinmisBiou,  1867 :  published  '  The  Law  relating  to 
s*  Unions,'  1869-80.  [xvii.  392] 

mST  AUGUSTUS,  Duke  of  York  and 
ST  (1674-1728),  fifth  sou  of  Ernest  Augustus, 
r  of  Hanover  and  brother  of  Qeorge  I ;  saw  military 
e  under  the  emperor ;  created  Duke  of  York  and 
ly  and  Earl  of  Ulster,  1716 ;  K.O. ;  prince  bishop  of 
•org,  1716-28.  [xvU.  393] 

UfXST  AUGUSTUS,  Dukb  of  Cumberland  and 
OF  Hanotxr  (1771-1851),  fifth  son  of  Oeorge  III ; 
1786  ;  sent  toObttingen  University,  1786 ;  Ueutenantr 
i,  9th  Hanoverian  hussars,  1798 :  major-oeneral  in 
\D0i3h  and  Hanoverian  armies,  1794 ;  wounded  at 
rst  battle  of  Tonmay,  1794  ;  created  Duke  of  Cum- 
id  and  Earl  of  Armagh,  1799 ;  general,  1808  ;  chan- 
of  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  1805  ;  opposed  all 
ition  of  tbe  catholic  penal  law5, 1808  ;  voted  against 
egency  biU,  1810  ;  narrowly  escaped  assassination 
I  bed,  1810 ;  depnty-deotor  of  Hanover,  1813  ;  field 


manbal  In  the  British  army,  1813  ;  G.03.,  1815 ;  resigned 
his  colonelcy  of  tbe  blues,  1830 ;  opposed  the  Reform  BUI 
of  1832  ;  insulted  by  Brougham  in  parliament ;  grand 
master  of  Irish  Orangemen ;  suooeeded  on  William  IV's 
death.  In  accordance  with  provisions  of  Salic  Law,  as  King 
Ernest  I  of  Hanover,  1837 ;  cancelled  William  IV's  consti- 
tution, and  made  himself  absolute  monarch ;  gained  popu- 
larity by  tbe  contrast  be  showed  to  the  absenteeism  of 
his  predecessors :  granted  Hanover  a  constitution  on 
democratic  lines,  1840  ;  died  at  Herrenhausen. 

[xvii.  398] 
SRVULF  or  ABVULF  (1040-  1124),  bishop  of 
Rochester ;  of  French  origin ;  Benedictine  monk  at 
Beanvals  ;  made  prior  of  Christ  Church,  Canterbury,  by 
Archbishop  Anselm ;  abbot  of  Peterborough,  1107-14  ; 
appointed  bishop  of  Rochester  against  Ids  will  and  to 
the  sorrow  of  his  monks,  1114  ;  author  of  the  *Textus 
Roflensls,*  a  ct^ectlon  of  laws,  papal  decrees,  and  docu- 
mente  relaUng  to  the  church  of  Rochester  (pubUshed  by 
Thomas  Heame,  1720).  [xviL  896] 

BRPXVGEAM,  Sir  THOMAS  (1357-1428X  soldier; 
in  servioe  of  John  of  Gaunt,  1880 :  accompanied  him  to 
Spam,  1386  ;  went  with  John  of  Gaunt's  son,  Henry, 
earl  of  Derby  (afterwards  Henry  IV),  on  expeditions  to 
Lithuania,  1890  and  1392,  and  accompanied  him  dnrinff 
bis  banishment,  1398-9 ;  oonsteble  of  Dover  Castle  and 
warden  of  Cinque  ports,  1899-1409 ;  E.G.  and  chamber- 
lain of  king's  household,  1400  ;  accompanied  Thomas, 
duke  of  Clarence  (1388  7-1421)  [q.  v.].  In  Ireland,  1401-8 ; 
privy  councillor  and  steward  of  royal  household,  1404 ; 
took  part  in  Aginoourt  campaign,  1415  ;  sent  with  Jc^ 
Wakoing  [q.  v.],  bishop  of  Berwick,  to  Calais  and  Beaa< 
vals,  to  treat  with  king  of  France,  1416.  [SuppL  IL  189] 

SBBIHGTOK,  ANTHONY  (1719  7),  Roman  catboUc 
divine ;  D.D. ;  dedicated  *  Catechistical  Discoturses  '  to  the 
Princess  Henriette  Maria,  1654.  [xvii.  898] 

ZBBIirOTOK,  GEORGE  (1804-1886),  Roman  cathoUc 
archbishop;  educated  at  St.  Outhbert's  College,  Usbaw, 
1814-21 ;  D.D.  of  the  English  college,  Rome,  1827 ;  vice- 
rector,  1832 ;  presided  over  St.  Mary's  College,  Osoott, 
1843-7  ;  first  bishop  of  Plymouth,  1850-5 ;  archbishop  of 
Treblxond  in  partibu*^  1855 ;  coadjutor  to  Cardinal  Wise- 
man, 1855-62  ;  assistant  at  the  pontifical  throne,  1856 ;  In 
charge  of  St.  Paul's  College,  Prior  Park,  1870-86. 

[xvU.  898] 

ERBOrOTOK,  JOHN  EDWARD  (1806-1862X  dvU 
engineer ;  resident  engineer  of  the  Grand  Junction  rail- 
way ;  constructed  harbour  works  of  Greenock,  1841 ; 
brought  forward  the  entire  system  of  railways  from  Lan- 
caster to  Inverness ;  vice-president  of  the  Institution  of 
Civil  Engineers,  1861-2  ;  engineer  to  Loudon  and  South- 
western Railway ;  his  plan  for  the  line  from  Yeovil  to 
Exeter  accepted,  1856.  [xvii.  899] 

SBBOrOTOK,  WILLIAM  (1716-1768),  Roman 
cathoUo  divine ;  student  and  professor  at  the  English 
college,  Douay ;  established  school  at  Sedgley  Park,  Staf- 
fordshire, 1763 :  archdeacon  and  treasurer  of  tlie  chapter 
In  London.  [xviL  399] 

ZSROL,  ninth  Earl  of  {d.  1631).  [See  Hat, 
Francis.] 

EBSZINS,  CHARLES  (1680-1763),  lord  justice  clerk ; 
regent  of  Edinburgh  University,  1700-7 ;  first  professor 
of  public  law,  Edinburgh,  1707  ;  member  of  the  Faculty 
of  Advocates,  1711 ;  M.P.,  Dumfriesshire,  1722,  1727,  and 
1734 ;  M.P.,  Dumfries  burghs,  1734 ;  solicitor-general  for 
Scotland,  1725 ;  lord  advocate,  1737-42 ;  M.P.  for  the 
Wick  burghs,  1741 ;  raised  to  the  bench  as  Lord  Tin- 
wald,  1744  ;  lord  justice  clerk,  1748.  [xvii.  40u] 


E,  DAVID,  second  Barox  Cardross  (1616- 
1671),  royaUst ;  fined  and  excluded  from  parliament  (1649) 
for  having  promoted  the  *  engagement,'  1648. 

[xviL  400] 

SESKXHE.  DAVID,  Lord  Dcs  (1670-1768),  Scottish 
judge ;  studied  at  Paris  and  St.  Andrews  ;  member  of  the 
Scottish  bar,  1698;  M.P.,  Forfarshire,  1690-1,  1698,  1695, 
and  1696 ;  opposed  the  union ;  ordinary  lonl,  with  title  of 
Lord  Dun,  1710-53  ;  lord  of  justiciary,  1714-44 ;  published 
*  Friendly  and  Familiar  Advices,'  1764.  [xvlL  401] 


,,  Sir  DAVID  (1772-1837),  dramatist  and 
antiquary  :  natural  son  of  David  Steuart  ErfilcUie  [q.  v.]  ; 
professor  at  the  Royal  Military  Academy,  Sandhurst; 
knighted,  1830 ;    F.S.A.  Scot. ;  a  founder  of  the  Soots 


EBSKTN^ 


406 


EBSKTNE 


Military  and  Naval   Academy^   Edinburgh;   aathor  of 

*  King  James  the  First  of  Scotland,*  18S7,  *  King  James 
the  Second  of  Scotland,*  1838,  and  other  plays,  also  of 

*  Annals  and  Antiquities  of  Dryburgh,*  1836.  [xvii.  401] 


.,  DAVID  MONTAGU,  second  Baron 
Erskike  (1 776-1865  >,  diplomatist :  eldest  son  of  Thomas, 
first  baron  Brskine  [q.  t.]  :  educated  at  Westminster  and 
Christ  Ghuroh,  Oxford ;  barrister,  Lincoln's  Inn,  1803 ; 
M.P.,  Portsmouth,  1806  :  minister  plenipotentiary  to  the 
United  States,  1806>9,  at  Stuttgard,  1825-8,  at  Munich, 
18S8-13.  [xYii.  401] 


.,  DAVID  STEUART,  eleventh  Earl  of 
BucHAN  (174S-1839),  brother  of  Henry  Brakine  (1746- 
1817)  [q.  v.]  ;  studied  at  Ola^ow  University  and  Robert 
FouUs's  academy ;  nominated  secretary  to  the  embassy  to 
Spain,  but  did  not  go,  possibly  because  the  ambassador 
was  his  inferior  by  birth,  1766;  freed  the  election  of 
Scottish  representative  peers  from  govemmeutnl  inter- 
ference :  originated  Society  of  Antiquaries  of  Scotland, 
1780 ;  founded  annual  festival  in  commemoration  of  James 
Thomson,  1791 ;  presented  Washington  with  a  snuff4x)x 
made  from  the  tree  which  slieltered  Wallace,  1793  ;  con- 
tributed to  numerous  pubUoations  and  wrote  Uterary 
biographies  and  essays.  [xvii.  403] 


.,  BBENEZER  (1680-1754),  founder  of 
Scottish  secession  church;  M.A.  Edinburgh,  1697;  or- 
dained by  the  presbytery  of  Kirkcaldv  to  Portmoak, 
1703 ;  consistently  refused  the  oath  of  abjun^on ;  one  of 
the  *  twelve  apostles'  who  signed  the  'representation,' 
1731 :  admitted  to  the  tliird  charge  of  StirUng,  1731 ; 
moderator  of  the  synod  of  Stirling  and  Perth;  preached 
against  an  act  of  the  assembly  to  regulate  the  election  to 
vacant  churches,  failing  presentation  by  the  patron,  1733 ; 
censured  by  the  synod,  1733;  deposed  for  protesting 
against  the  oensure  of  the  assembly,  17S3  ;  se<^ed,  and 
formed  an  'associate'  preabjrtery,  1733;  issued,  in  com- 
pany with  three  others,  bis  *  judicial  testimony  *  against 
the  church  of  Scotlaml,  1736;  formally  deposed  with  his 
followers,  1740;  headed  two  companies  of  'seoeders* 
against  the  Pretender,  1746  ;  professor  of  divinity  to  the 
'associate  synod,*  1747-9,  his  followers  having  become 
divided  into  two  parties  by  varjring  interpretations  of  the 
civic  oath  taken  by  the  burgesses  of  Edinburgh,  Glasgow, 
and  Perth ;  deposed  from  the  ministry  (1748)  by  the  anti- 
burgher  synod.  [xvii.  404] 


E,  EDWARD  MORRIS  (1817-1883),  diplo- 
matist; son  of  David  Montagu,  second  baron  Ersklne 
[q.  v.]  ;  secretary  of  legation  at  Florence,  1853,  at  Wash- 
ington, and  at  Stockholm,  1858-60  ;  secretary  of  embassy 
to  St.  Petersburg  and  Constantinople,  1860;  minister 
plenipotentiary  to  Greece,  1864-73;  on  the  Stockholm 
legation,  1873-81 ;  O.B.,  1873.  [xvii.  407] 


E,  HENRY,  third  Baron  Cardro&s  (1650- 
1698),  covenanter ;  son  of  David,  second  baron  Oardross 
[q.  v.]  ;  fined  and  imprisoned  on  account  of  his  own  and 
his  vrife's  presbyterian  leanings ;  released,  1679 ;  denied 
all  redress  by  Charles  II;  emigrated;  expcdied  by  the 
Spaniards  from  his  plantation  at  Obarlestown  Neck,  South 
Carolina ;  accompanied  the  Prince  of  Orange  to  England, 
1688 ;  fought  at  Killiecrankie,  1689 ;  privy  councillor, 
and  general  of  the  mint,  1689  ;  lieutenant-colonel,  1689. 

[xvii.  408] 

SRSKUIE,  HENRY  ( 1634-1 696X  presbyterian  minis- 
ter ;  minister  of  Comhill,  Northumberland,  1649 ;  ejected, 
1663  ;  his  sentence  of  fine  and  imprisonment  by  a  com- 
mittee of  privy  council  commuted  to  banishment  from 
Scotland ;  relcEMed  from  imprisonment  at  Newca8tle,1685  : 
allowed  to  preach  by  royal  indulgence,  1687.  [xvii.  409] 


.,  Sir  HENRY  or  HARRY  (d.  1766),  fifth 
baronet  of  Alva  and  Oambuskenneth  ;  lieutenant-general ; 
deputy  quartermaster-general  and  lieutenant-colond  in 
expedition  to  L'Orient,  1746  ;  M.P.,  Ayr,  1749,  Anstruther, 
1754-61 ;  removed  from  the  army  for  political  reasons, 
1756;  subsequently  became  lieutenant-general;  secretary 
of  the  order  of  the  Thistle ;  endeavoured  to  prevent  publi- 
cation of  Lady  Mary  Wortley  Montagu's  letto^  :  errone- 
ously credited  with  the  authorship  of  the  Scottish  march, 
•  Garb  of  01»i  GauL*  [xviL  409] 

ERSKINE,  HENRY  (1746-1817),  lord  advocate: 
studied  at  St.  Salvator  and  St.  Leonard's,  Edinburgh,  and 
Glasgow ;  lord  advocate,  1783  and  1806 ;  advocate  and 


state  councillor  to  the  Prince  of  Wales  in  Scotlaiid,  178S ; 
dean  of  the  Faculty  of  Advocates,  1785-95 ;  oondemned 
the  '  sedition '  and  *  treason '  bills  as  nnconstitotional,  ^ 

1795,  and  so  was  not  re-elected  dean,  1796  ;  M.P.,  Had-> . 

dington  burghs,  1806,  Dumfries  burghs,  1806-7  ;  a  oom-«^ 
missioner  to  inquire  into  administration  of  justice  In  Sooi^,^ 
Und,  1808 ;  friend  of  the  poor ;  published  *  The  Emigrant^ 
an  Eclogue,'  1773,  and  other  poemsw  [xviL  410] 

esskute,  henry  NAPIER  BRUCSE  (ISSl-l 
commissioner  of  Sdnde,  1879-87  ;  son  of  William 
(1773-1853)  [q.  v.]  [SuppL  U.  1931 


JAMBS,  sixth  Earl  of  Bucrav 
1640),  son  of  John,  second  or  seventh  earl  of  Mar  [q.  ^r\j; 
Earl  of  Buchan  by  marriage ;  lord  of  the  bedchamber  to' 
Cbaries  1, 1635.  [xriL  41S3 


.,  JAMES,  Lord  Granok  (19J9A7S4X 
judge ;  member  of  the  Faculty  of  Advocates,  1705  :  lonf 
of  justiciary,  1707  ;  lord  justice  clerk,  with  the  titie  of  uoii 
Grange,  1710 :  secretly  intrigued  with  Jacobites,  thoa^ 
professing  loyalty  to  Hanoverian  dynasty :  doniai  \M 
qualification  of  heritors,  as  heritors,  to  elect  a  miU.rtter, 
1731  ;  publicly  celebrated  his  wife's  funeral,  1733,  tiioa^h 
she  was  still  alive  in  the  Hebrides,  a  prsoner  to  preveut  tbe 
disclosure  of  Jacobite  secrets :  resigned  his  jodgesbip  in 
order  to  sit  in  parliament ;  M.P.,  Stirlingshire,  1731;  op- 
posed Walpole  and  (1736)  the  abolition  of  the  statots 
against  witchcraft ;  secretary  to  Frederick,  prince  of  Wales. 

[xviL  413] 

ERBKJJIE.  JAMES  (1733-1796),  Scottish  judge;  son 
of  Charles  Krskine  [q.  v.]  ;  advocate,  1743  ;  sheriff  d^ite 
of  Perthshire,  1748;  exchequer  baron  in  Scotland,  1754; 
knight-marshal  of  Scotland,  1758 ;  sessions  judge  as  Lord 
Bai^arg,  1761,  afterwards  as  Lord  Alva.  [xviL  40U] 

ERSKIKS,  JAMBS  CLAUDIUS  (1831-1893),  member 
of  Indian  civil  service ;  son  of  William  Erskine  (1778- 
1853)  [q.  v.] ;  judge  of  Bombay  high  court,  1862-3. 

[SappL  iL  193] 

EEBKINE,  Sir  JAMES  ST.  CLAIR,  secoxid  Babl  ov 
RodSLYN  (1763-1837X  general;  son  of  Sir  Henry  Brskine 
(c/.  1765)  [q.  v.]  ;  lieutenant,  38th  r^ment;  lieatenant, 
3ud  dragoons  1778;  assistant  adjutant-genoral  in  Ire- 
land, 1783;  M.P.,  Castle  Rishig,  1781-4,  Morpeth,  1784 ; 
one  of  the  managers  of  Warren  Hastings's  impeachment; 
MJ^.,  Kirkcaldy  burghs,  1790-1805:  served  as  adjutant- 
general  before  Toulon,  1793.  and  in  Corsica  ;  aide-de-camp 
to  the  king,  and  colonel,  1795  ;  major-general,  17M;  oom- 
mander-in-chief  in  the  Mediterranean  :  Ueateoant-geDeral, 
1805  ;  succeeded  his  uncle  as  Earl  of  Bosslyn,  1806  ;  sent 
with  Simcoe  (1806>  on  a  special  mission  to  LJsbon,  whidi 
resulted  in  the  despatch  of  Sir  Arthur  Wdl&dey  to  the 
Peninsula ;  general,  1814 ;  G.C.B. ;  lord  privy  eeal  and 
privy  councillor  ;  lord  president  of  the  council,  1834 

[xvii.  414] 

ERSXINB,  JOHN,  sixth  Baron  Erskink,  and  first 
or  sixth  Earl  op  Mar  of  the  Er.hkinb  line  (d,  1573X 
regent  of  Scotland ;  put  in  charge  of  Edinburgh  Ca^e, 
1554 ;  disregarded  the  warning  of  the  lords  of  the  con- 
gregation not  to  allow  the  queen  regent  to  fortify  Leitii, 
1559;  refused  to  subscribe  the  'Book  of  IHsdpline,' 
though  a  hearer  of  Knox,  1560 ;  privy  coondUor,  1561 ; 
favoured  the  marriage  of  Mary  Queen  of  Scots  and  Dam- 
ley  ;  created,  or  possibly  recognised  as,  Earl  of  Mar,  1565 ; 
assisted  in  supprcsfsing  Moray's  rebellion,  1566 ;  signed 
the  order  for  Mary's  commitment  to  Lochleven  (>astie, 
1567  ;  member  of  the  council  of  government,  1567 ;  fought 
at  Laugside,  1568;  implored  the  assistance  of  Queen 
I'Uizabeth,  when  the  safety  of  the  young  king,  James  TI. 
his  ward,  was  endangered  by  Moray's  murder,  1569; 
regent  on  the  death  of  Lennox,  1571 ;  proclaimed  Morton. 
the  real  governor,  lieutenant-general  of  the  forces,  1571 ; 
consented  to  the  extradition  of  the  Duke  of  Northumbo'- 
land  in  order  to  obtain  Elizabeth's  assistance,  1573: 
jcAned  Morton  in  agreeing  to  the  proposal  cl  KiUigrev, 
the  iluglish  ambassador,  that  Mary  should  be  delivoed  op 
to  the  extreme  reformers,  1573.  [xvii.  416] 


;,  JOHN  (1509-1591),  of  Dun,  Scottish  re- 
former ;  educated  at  King's  College,  Aberdeen :  brought 
from  the  continent  a  French  gentieman,  Petros  de  Mar- 
siliers,  whom  he  established  at  Montroae  to  teach  Greek, 
'  nocht  heard  of  before  *  in  Scotland ;  frioid  ot  the  re- 
former Wishart ;  supported  the  queen  dowager,  1547 ; 
signed  the  fir^t  bond  of  tbc  Scottish  reformers  invitii^ 


la™,  1M7 ;  lignd  tbe  net 
,  wbo  hid  bntea  hith,  1MB ; 
IT  Angiu  Md  tfiunu,  IHO: 

mwu  11..—..  „    _1B  C0ll«0tOn  of  Ux 

V  bmafloo.  ItTl  1  *t:ntd  to  tlw  modlBcd  >pl9- 


.^ d  an  moh  penoni  m 

■m  «UI*  tlw  king  wu  tbcn.  1>I9 
kSH  b«m  fitUliiB  to  Boljiood,  1(7: 
1  III  to  eani  off  Uk  tbiR.  1S«U ; 
iiiiHili  iiUlii  fi'~rr  niter  Uoitcm'au 
Hvtea  ^  (b*  kli«fa  poioii  by  Ibe 


ncMom  of  Kdlle, 

ZRaXKE,  TBOMAS,  Bi 
ISM),  lord  chmcel- 

ITAB ;  pntiuMwd  a  punplitct  on ' 
»dvl»d  l^  Loid  Miai"-"  • 

,^_  Ounbrid^n'a; 
bHt«  177&;  tjalnpd  tbe  dnj 

a«nd«rtob,  Bret  lord  ol  Ihi 
TBTdlct  of  •  not  guUt)' '  (o 
mnch  lo  mould  EnKil'b 


1  BcoUaDd,  ItOI : 
UK  Rium.  IBot-M :  iir«l*d 
unt  FcDton.  l«oe  :  K^„l«ll: 
if  r^pite  of  bomMflfl  wltb  Uu 


■BPtabimbO  kcrpUw.lUI:  bulsbed  from  BprUuI. 
■Vntkral  aod  Inliuid.  1U4 :  ntonud.  ud  aptund  btiT- 

-      -     -    ■     ■ Trtlntetat,  ISM;  lonDdretogo 

■     ■  "Ing  Junes;  'for- 


■BcCWtlell 
kattA-lSM 


inaidlu  <t  tte  71 
a  uimittng  tbe 

udVH^v  to  EUt ,  - 

ftRil  rebellion,  bnt  tubetqnenttt  ^^j^Jj^JJ 

T  caam^  1  K™^  -— -  -  

--' '~J,ial6->0. 


«  Mm  (l«t-17WX  Jsoobitp 
coon  sutT.  '*•• ;  prtT  oooncUlor,  IflM  ;  K 
jw4,  ITW :  nfolDed  It,  1706 ;  commlHlonei 
tri*;  tKnluT  at  wtmU  for  Bortlanrt: 
■l(Ht:  BooHid  lepraeBtatlv*  peer,  1707, 
im:  ^Tjooondllor.liOS;  ■dToatal  th 

pntodM  livmltjr,  1714 ; 
PitUBier'l.  itwidard  it 
itlvk  «0  Bdlaboncb  foil.  _     . 
oonBati :  defeated  M  StKrlffi 


d,  t)ie  W 


Prince  ol  WalM,  1;B3  :  Fpokc  Ineftwt 
India  bill :    denoonwd  Pltfi  India 

Best  at  the  dinalntlan,  17M  ;  hlHed  tor  vatv „ 

of  Pitt  In  hU  ipeecb  u  omneel  lor  the  K«it  India  Osn- 

tbe  pwilDg  <I7B!)  of  Foi'i  UbcfAot ;  niaa—fnllT  de- 

feodcdStookdale  on  a  oliarge  of  libelling  tlie  muueen  ot 

I  Impnebment.  ITM:  H.P.  ParlVDoath.  I7f0- 

bl>  offlce  of  attoriiey-enieral  to  the  PilDC*  ot 
ippwrtng  OB  behalf  of  Tliomaa  Paine  [q.  ».]. 
cured  acquittal  tor  meet  of  tlwea  proeciUd  bj 
iment  for  oontplimc;  or  conntfUctJn  treaHm. 
xunl '  Caues  and  Conniueiica  of  tbe  War  wltb 
797  :  mpporloi  resce  of  Amlem  In 
ipoke  ClTBS)  against  Seditions  Mtirting 
-"--    tlioagb   Ignoniut  of   equity,  IB 

nanra  nrnlno  of  RwlomwI.  ISO*  ;  bi>  dedal . 

termsl  the  •Apocrypha';  pr™dsd   at  lard  Hetrllle'i 

trial,  1806  ;  r»ign«l  IheseaiP.  lSu7  ;  n 

penonal  incliuatlonn  ought  not  In  l> 

tiroJ    Inlo    private  life,    ttmlled   la 
■ArmaU.'  a  poUUoal  rumalll 
Trading  of  tbe  bill  of  pAiiiH 

Cteek  independence,  IHTi-'s. 


□nfalify 

iTMthalth 
■    ■■  g  on  nn 


earmped  with  tlH  Fretendi 
QnttBJUt :  llimm  wiin  ueorge  I  for  a  pnrtlal  n»l 
itai<<  tbe  Stout*.  poiBlblj '  —-"•■—     - 

HtaoiniuooBrt.l71T:i — — 


'raiies     kbig"!  oouoiel.  11117 ;  1 


[  the  Pnteiiile 
JOHN    (\SSi-176BI,   P 


jihlgcof  CO 
THOMAS  (I 


taXM  !■«,  BUnbDiyb,  11 


(lilne  (16BB-17M)  [.)-  y]: 
School  and  Unlycreit;; 
ontteti.  laiO;  cvpouMd  unL 

■mtIjU:.  Dmi   Stanley,  and 


OriiwtItT :  narU»11y  adoptd  Warboiton'a  vie*- ;  mlola- 
\a  at  KlikiBtmocb.  1744-U,  of  Cnlnia.  llit-a,  of  tbe 
Stm  Otntnu*.  I7IS-«T,  and  from  1717  of  tbe  Old  On;- 
litefi,Mnbnwh:  D.D.  atangow,  17M;  friend  of  White- 
ItfndJcHB^iinr' ' -"-- > 1..— J— 


!  RALPH  <I881-17M), 
dlTiiB  Nri  poet ;  nnof  Hcdtj  Enklne(ieM-lB96)  [q.  v.] : 
paatUr  II  J..  BHabargh ;  ndnlrter  of  the  eecoTid  rhnrEc. 
DofRmllne,  1711,  of  the  Btst  chatge.  1716;  one  ol  the 
•  tvdn  apwtlH '  ol  1T31 :  acceded.  1117 ;  depoaed,  »ith 
bit  mDmroet,  1740:  pnbliibed  ■  Faith  Da7incy.'  Ui  Ola- 
anotenaoce  V,-Utelleld-i  reriyal,  1711,  abo  'OoepelSon- 
neO-(Stb  etUt  I7»7)  and  'Bcriplore  6oo»«.'  oollocted. 


ESBKnn.  THOMAS  ALEXASDEB,  "litb  Emi.  of 
Klu,TE(17S)-17RI).inn8lcaldlU-ttnnl*;  elodlBd  miulc In 
Germany;  director  of  lhcSt.r«iMacouceru  at  Bdlnburgh; 

.     .    "  ..     i._,.,^.„     J^    coUecUon  ol  his 

[lyll.  Uf] 
8S) :  ton  of  John,  aeeond 
master  of  ClurteibooH, 
1$77-«B  ;  cupbearet  10  Oliarlej  11 ;  K.RS.    [jtU.  Uf) 

XEBEEHX.  SiK  WILLIAU  (176»-1I113). 
rBl;Ueutalant,lttbUgbtdnu(oau^l7tlU;  a 
creatal  baroneC  1761 :  one  of  ttie  offlceir  vl 
Emperor  Leopold  at  Vlllten-en-Coucbe,  I7»S 
ihire,  17M  and  IBOS-S ;  major-wncral,  1S09 : 
(be  light  diylsion  at  Torn*  Voinu.  Ibough  t 


ind  tbi 

.P.,n(e- 


utd  pDbU^bad  iD 


BBCOMBE.  HAJtRT  (IS»-in: 
diKSBMd  It  S(-  Ful'i  ScbDnl : 
htlonKJ-«W»w ;  iolldlor  iDd  tWi 
lu :  DHmtwr  lor  SutbHi  In  ic? 
«rTBl  in  Durbui  lifln  through  /< 


ESSEX,  OouMTnsiaF  (1791-1881).    [Sie  STimn, 

OlTHKBlXa] 

ESSEX,  ALPRED  (/.  lUI),  utlat  i  »ii  at  VUHu 
Bj»Hq.i>.]:  o<rcui*iplst«forMiB>:pnbllitadpp 
anpalutlngUienviid,  1831.  [ntlLlJ 

ESSEX,  JAMES  <m9-lISI).  builder  lod  iniblM: 
dtfllfDcd  aD4  built  UTflt  front  of  Emmabael  Golle^CiBt- 
brlJ^.  177&,  witb  DtbQT  wll?^te  bnildlnffa :  tvafiti 
realorutlDiii  nnvl  >lt«ratl<ni>  In  Ely  OHtbelral,  111741: 

lower  at  Unmin,  1775  ;  FA  A,  1778 ;  publiilin]  irS^ 
Uutaral  punpblcts.  [iiiU-ll 


EST,  ESTE.  or  EASTS,  y 


im :  dlon 


idLLD.  CBinl>ri<lgF,  lasT. 


Omnpiiny'B  Hi»«hl)'  hoaplUI,  1 
fullj  rmplojr^  meflownan  tot 

FxpFrfmeDt,   1BJ€ ;   prnidniDj 


18 ;  adopted  Hod  aacccna. 


ESKOSOTE,  Lord   (1714  ?-1W||>,      [g«    r 


EBHOVDB,   Sir    LAUHi; 


■nrre;  oonflBcat«d  tarlt4>i7 
witb  p«Mng  Jnrlca  ind  ' 

deprive  th*  O'BTin "  ' 

BBiDODde,  len. 

EBPBO,  WALTER  (4. 
Abbey,  1111,  at  Wudto  Al- 
io tbe  north  daring  Henrr 
Btttlf  of  tteBtudud,  IIU  : 


EBTOOTTET,    JAHBS    1 

(ieia-i8M),ini  ■- 


1  U.r..  DeilH,  1M8;  touxbl  bi 
aIiua,  tBA4 ;  TtuJor-gOHnl,  Ihm  ; 
nlTeriiigi  of  Orloian  tnopa ;  died  In 


;  ipfdiillj  selectsd  by  Farqalia 


Oriel  Ctiif^e,  Oitooi ;  M.A..  IBM:  D.Oi,  1M7; 
ErvkUro  M.P^,  MATlbDroo^b,  Ifl^,  Devize*,  I&3S-44. 
Nortb  Wlitribire,  ]841-fi6;  privy  oounciUor.  I9i9i  b 


nnfm'i  K-botar.  Wettmlniter :  m!a.  Cb'riit  Church.  Oi- 
ford,17«;  bi.hopofOMCry,  IJM-M;  D,D.  DubUo.  ITM: 


KSTE,  0RAJ1[.SS[1«K-11M>,  bi£ho|i  i 


SrlfU)l:F.R. 


ILW] 


lCtS-1171:  DEvmEui,  Wavti  II 

IMT-ISOI',   DiVXEAltX,  ROBEkl  1 

Girti.,  Ahthur,  flnt  Bini.  " 
Jtll-lSSt :  Gim.  WiUAUt,  tb 


bAHL  01  tbe  mnml 
K\  nK,  Koond  Kahi, 
M  KlRL,  IKO-IIJIi 

iHi,d.lH9;  Cnou- 
irtb  cration,  HHf  f~ 

It  BABb  oftlie  >titb 


EBTLHT,  JOHNPRI01i(17«-l»17),nnltiri«B 
let:  co-p«jtor  bt  Lewin's  Head.  ItHatot.  1771:   (,i^u. 
01ui;aw.  1SI)7 ;  fiieudof  Colerldet!,  Sontliey.  uid  flobert 
HaU :  his '  Famllinr  Lontiir™  ■  pobli.hod,  1818. 

[Hill,  11] 

SSTDV,  ADAU  (d.  1391).    [See  BA3TOII.} 

EBTWIOK  o 


;,  GEORGE  OSee-lMI),  divine 


BTHHiliBATiT) 


400 


BTHEIiWTJLF 


ITHXLBALD  or  JfrHKhBALD  (d.  757),  Ung  of 
iferc^a,  716 :  overionl  as  far  north  as  the  Hamber :  in- 
vaded WesMx,  7S3 ;  defeated  at  Borford  by  the  revolted 
Dntbred  of  We«ez,  7ftS :  liberal  to  the  church ;  slain  at 
Saocmndnne  (8eckington>  [xvUi.  14] 

STHBLBALD  or  2THSLBALD  (d.  860\  king  of  the 
Crflst-Sazans :  sapi^nted  his  father,  JEthelwolf,  866 ; 
married  Judith,  his  father's  widow,  858;  said,  without 
bundatioo,  to  hare  separated  from  her  at  St.  Switbnn's 

[xyUi.  16] 


ITHBLBSET,  JBTHELBEEHT,  or  JBDILBBROT 
US  ?-€l€X  Ung  of  Kent,  560 ;  defeated  bv  the  West- 
^taxoiia,  M8 :  married  Bertha,  daughter  of  the  Prankish 
dng,  Ctaaribert,  giving  her  St.  Martin's  Charch,  Oanter- 
!>ary :  baptised  by  St.  Augustine,  697 :  promulgated  a 
Mdeof  lawa,  *  according  to  the  Roman  fashion  * ;  built  a 
satbednl  at  Bocbester.  [xviii.  16] 


on 
dzaL 


JBOELBBIHT,  or 
,  Sattt  (d.  794X  king  of  the  East-Angles  ;  be- 
by  oommani  of  Offa,  king  aof  the  Mercians,  794, 
to  one  legend,  through  the  machinations  of 
Offa's  queen,  who  suspectal  him  of  designs 
▼enerated  at  Hereford  as  patron  of  the  cathe- 

[xvlU.  17] 


or  JBTHEUEBHT  (d.  866),  king  of 
the  West-Sazous  and  Kentishmen  ;  king  of  Wessex,  860, 
of  Kent,  aocnding  to  Asser,  866 :  harassed  by  Danish 

[xvUi.  18] 


......^i— or  JBTSKLBU&d,  SAINT  (d.  676  ?X 

ibbeas  of  Barlring ;  appointed  abbess  of  Barking  by  her 
bfother,  j^kenwald  [q.  ▼.],  bishop  of  London. 

[xviil.  19] 

XTHXLIIBXDA,  Saivt  (630  ?-679),  queen  of  North- 
osAiria  and  abbess  d  Ely  ;  married  Tonbert,  prince  of  the 
fen-Bien,  6SS;  and,  subsequently,  Egfrid,  son  of  Oswy  of 
Horthmnbria :  disowned  marriage  duties;  induced  by 
WiUrkl  to  enter  a  monastery ;  founded  an  abbey  at  Ely  ; 
ooBsecrated  abbess  of  Ely,  673  :  eulogised  by  Beeda.  The 
oreseDt  cathedral  of  Ely  was  subsequently  erected  over 
her  tombu  [xviU.  19] 

or  JBLFLES  (d. 


M8?X  Um  *lady  of  the  Mercians';  daughter  of  King 
XUnA ;  married  to  .Sthelred,  ealdorman  of  the  Mercians, 
c  880 :  made  alliance  with  Welsh  and  Scots  of  Ireland ; 
iaspirsd  defence  of  Chester  against  Ingwar,  a  Norwegian 
cfakf  who  had  been  given  land  in  the  neighbourhood ; 
'Lidy  01  the  Mercians'  after  .fithelred's  death  in  912 ; 
built  fortrenee  in  Merda ;  stormed  Brecknock,  916. 

[xviil.  21] 

XTHSLYBID,  JBTHELFSITH,  or  AJSDlLFBID  (d. 
0J\  king  of  the  Northumbrians,  693  ;  called  Flesaurs  ; 
drfsatad  Soots,  British,  and  Irish  at  Diegsastane,  603 : 
dcteted  Web^b  near  Ohester,  613  ;  defeated  and  slain  by 
B«d«ald  of  East  Anglia.  [xviU.  22] 


or  ALOAB  (d.  990), 
srehbishop  of  Canterbury;  abbot  of  Newminster  (Hyde 
Abbey),  near  Winchester,  when  iBthdwold  expellel  the 
neakr  clergy,  964 ;  bishop  of  Selsey,  980 ;  archbisliop  of 
C^terbory,  988w  [xviil.  23] 


Cfl.  966).    [See  Mlfqifv.'\ 

IjirgT.waiLTi,  JBTHELHEARJ),  AOELABD,  or 
mfy.ygn  (d.  805),  archbishop  of  Canterbury ;  electa! 
sichUshop  of  C^terbnry,  791 ;  consecrated,  793,  tlie 
deiiy  bein^  due  to  the  Kentish  men's  dislike  of  a  prelate 
intoested  in  maintaining  the  primacy  of  Lichfield: 
Rfogee  at  the  Madan  court,  797-8 ;  recognised  as  metro- 
pdUtan,  803.  [xvili.  28] 


KLMEB,  or  JELKEB  (d.  1137),  also 
callei  HcBLRWiK,  asceUc  writer :  prior  of  Christ  Church, 
CwtertMiry,  1138 ;  supported  Archbishop  William  of  Cor- 
beidl  against  the  convent,  1136 ;  wrote  *  De  exercitUs 
tpbitoalia  vitae,*  also  a  volume  of  letters  destroyed  in  the 
OottoDiaa  library  fire,  1731.  [xviil.  25] 


(d,  1260).    [See  Atmer  (or  ^Etuel- 

»«l)  DB  VALETCK  (or  DB  LUSIQNAN).] 


,  Lat.  EoKLXODUs  or 

IDSODCS  (d.  1038),  archbishop  of  Canterbury ;  related 
toUnpof  Weewx  ;  one  of  Cnnt's  ctiaplalns ;  archbishop 
<(  CioUrbary,  1020 ;  supported  Harthacnat ;  called  *  the 
««t'  [xviil.26] 


BTHELBED  or  JBTHBLKXD  I  (d.  871),  king  of  the 
West-Saxons  and  Kentishmen ;  king,  866 ;  saved  Mercia 
from  Danish  invaders,  868 :  defeated  by  the  Danes  near 
Reading,  871 ;  routed  the  Danes  at  Ashdown  in  a  t>att]e 
sopposed  to  be  commemorated  by  the  *■  White  Horse  *  at 
Ufflngton ;  mortally  wounded  at  Merton.        [xviiL  25] 

BTHXLRBD  or  JBTHSLESD  (d.  889X  archbishop  of 
Canterbury ;  monk  of  Christ  Churcli,  Canterbury ;  arch- 
bishop, 870-89.  [xvlU.  27] 

ETHSLSED  or  JBTHELREO  II,  the  Unrradt  (ie. 
the  resonrceless)  (^968  7-1016),  king  of  EngUnd;  son  of 
Eadgar ;  came  to  the  crown  (978)  through  the  murder  of 
his  brother  Edward  the  Martyr  [q.  v.];  induced  by 
covetousnoss  and  the  representations  of  his  favourite, 
^thelsine,  to  ravage  the  see  of  Rochester,  986 ;  bought 
the  alliance  of  the  Norwegian  invader,  Olaf  Tryggvapon, 
991 ;  defeated  Olaf 's  fleet,  992  :  bought  ofT  an  attack  by 
Olaf  and  Swend,  994  ;  publisheil  laws  regulating  bail  and 
surety  and  (997)  a  police  code :  unsuccessfully  invaded 
Cotentln,  1000 :  married  Enima[q.  v.],  daughter  of  Richard 
the  Fearless,  duke  of  Normandy  ;  massacred  the  ^nes 
settled  in  England,  1002 ;  attacked  by  Malcolm,  king  of 
Soots,  1006:  promulgated  code  of  military  rcgcdaticms, 
1008 ;  orderol  *  the  whole  nation  *  to  bo  called  out  against 
the  Danes ;  crippled  by  Danish  sympatliies  of  his  favourite, 
Edrio  or  Badric  Streona  [q.  v.]  ;  bought  oil  the  DaiMti 
for  48,000/.,  1012 ;  fled  to  Rouen  (1013)  after  Swend  of 
Denmark  had  \yeen  formally  chosen  king  of  England, 
1013 ;  brought  back  to  England  by  Olaf  and  the  wltan 
after  Swend's  death,  1014 ;  expelled  King  Cnut,  1014 ;  im- 
plicated in  the  assassination  of  the  Daul^ih  thegns  Sige- 
ferth  and  Morkere,  1015.  [xvlll.  27] 

ETHELEED,  STHELRED,  ATT.TIET),  or  Airr.-p-pp 

(1109  7-1166),  historical  writer;  in  the  service  of  Prince 
Henry  of  Scotland ;  ablsot  of  Revcsby  :  abbot  of  Rlevai^x, 
1146-66 :  brought  about  meeting  of  Henry  II  of  En^^nd 
and  Louis  VII  of  France  with  Pope  Alexander  III  at 
Touoi,  1162 ;  compo(«l  rhythmical  prot<e  eulogy  of  St^ 
Cuthbert ;  missionary  to  Galloway  Picts,  whose  chief  he 
persuaded  to  become  a  monk ;  canonised,  1191.  His  works 
include  *  Vita  et  Miracula  S.  Edwardi  Regis  et  Confes- 
90rl9,'  *  De  Bello  Standardii,'  and  '  Chronicon  ab  Adam  ad 
Henricum  I.'  [xvliL  33] 

ETHEL8TAH,  JETHELSTAK,  or  JELFSTAK  ( ft. 
946),  ealdorman  of  East  Anglia,  e,  929 :  niemt)er  of  tbe 
royal  house  of  Wessex ;  nicknamal  '  the  Half-king,'  by 
reason  of  his  great  power;  became  a  monk  atOIaston- 
bury,  956.  [xvili.  35] 

ETHELWERD  or  JETHELWEABS  (d.  998  7\  chro- 
nicler ;  styled  himself '  Patricius  Consul  Fabius  Quaestor ' 
(ealdorman)  in  his  Latin  chmnicle :  possibly  the  ealdor- 
man who  persuaded  Olaf  of  Norway  to  conclude  the 
treaty  of  Andover  with  ^thelred  II,  994 ;  compiled  a  his- 
tory extending  from  the  creation  to  973  A.D.,  first  edited 
by  Savile,  1696.  [xviiL  35] 

ETHELWUTE,    JBTHELWINE,    or    AILWDT   (d. 

992),  ealdorman  of  East  Anglia :  son  of  the  ealdorman 
Ethelstan  [q.  v.] ;  ealdorman,  962 :  built  and  endowed 
Benalictine  monastery  in  the  isle  of  Ramsey  in  Hunting- 
donshire at  the  suggestion  of  Onwald,  bishop  of  Worcester, 
968  ;  abbot,  though  a  layman,  with  OswaM  :  defeudal  tbe 
monasteries  of  East  Anglia  against  tbe  Mercian  faction. 
975  :  chief  ealdorman,  983.  [xvili.  36] 

ETHELWOLD,    ATHELWOLD,    or  ASELWOLD. 

Saixt  (908  ?-984),  bishop  of  Winchester  :  dean  of  Glaston- 
bury Abbey ;  refounded  a  monas^tio  house  at  Abingdon,  e. 
954  ;  introduced  the  strict  Benedictine  rule  from  Fleury : 
bishop  of  Winchester,  963  ;  forcibly  cxpeUed  the  secular 
clerks  from  Winchester,  Chertacy,  Milton,  and  Ely,  with 
King  Eadgar's  support ;  narrowly  escaped  being  poisoned ; 
rebuilt  church  of  Peterborough ;  built  a  new  cathedral  at 
Winchester ;  restored  the  nunnery  at  Winchester ;  author 
of  a  treatise  on  the  circle  and  translator  of  the  'Regnlaris 
Concordia.'  [xviil.  37] 

ETHELWTJLF,  MTSELWJJLF,  ADELWLF,  or 
ATUULF  (d.  858),  king  of  the  West-Saxon-*  and  Kentish- 
men ;  bishop  of  Winchester ;  maiie  king  of  Kent,  Sussex, 
and  Surrey  by  his  father,  Ecgberht,  828 ;  king  of  WesFcx, 
839 ;  defeated  by  the  Danes  In  a  naval  engagement.  842 ; 
routed  the  Danes  nt  Ockley,  852 ;  freeii  a  tenth  part  of 
the  folclands  from  all  burdens  except  the  tHiuxia  necessUa*^ 
c  854  ;  made  a  pilgrimage  to  Rome,  possibly  originating 
the  payment  of  Peter's  pence ;  marrial  Judith,  daughter 


ETHEBEGhE 


410 


EVANS 


of  Obarles  the  Bald,  at  Yerberie,  856 ;  declined  to  make 
war  apon  his  rebellious  ran  ^tbelbald,  and  allowed  him 
Wessex  :  by  his  will  charged  every  ten  hides  of  his  property 
with  the  support  of  a  poor  man  (857  ?).  [xviii.  40] 

ETHEBEOE  or  VTBRYQO,  OBOROE,  in  Latin 
Edrycus  (A.  1588X  dassieal  scholar ;  scholar  of  Clorpus 
Ohristi  CoUege,  O^ord,  1534;  probationer-fellow,  1539: 
MJL«  1543  :  M.B.,  1545  ;  regius  professor  of  Oreek,  1547- 
1550  and  1554-9 ;  deprived  as  a  catholic,  1559.  His  works 
include  a  Latin  translation  of  part  of  Justin  Martyr. 

[xvllL  43] 

BTHSBXOE,  Sir  QEOROE  (1635  ?-1691X  dramatist ; 
employed  by  Charles  11  and  James  II  on  diplomatio 
missions:  Imighted;  produced  *Oomical  Revenge,*  1664, 
*  She  would  if  she  could,*  1667,  and  '  The  Mun  of  Mode,' 
1676,  three  c(»nedies;  helped  to  popularise  rhyme  in 
comedy.  [xviiL  44] 

ETHSBIDOE,  JOHN  WESLEY  (1804-1866X  Wet'- 
leyan  minister ;  second  minister  in  the  Brighton  circuit, 
1831;  Ph.D.  Heidelberg,  1847;  principal  work,'  The 
Targums  of  Onkeloe  ajod  Jonathan  Ben  Uzdel  on  the 
Pentateuch,  &c,*  1863  and  1865.  [xviU.  45] 

STXnrS,  JAMES  (1613  ?-1687).  [See  Atkine,  James.] 

ETTT,  WILLIAM  (1787-1849),  painter;  studied  in 
the  Royal  Academy  school  at  Somerset  Hoa<}e ;  first  ex- 
hibited at  the  Royal  Academy,  1811 ;  travelled  on  the  con- 
tinent ;  made  a  great  impression  with  '  Cleopatra,*  1831 ; 
RJ^.,  1828 ;  sold  hU  *  Joan  of  Arc '  pictures  for  2,500{. 
Some  minor  works  are  in  National  (lallery,  London,  and 
at  South  Kensington.  [xviii.  45] 

ETJOENS  id,  618).    [See  Eoguax.] 

ETJ0EHITT8  I,  unhistorical  king  of  Scotland,  (accord- 
ing to  Buchanan)  thirty-ninth  king  after  Fergus  &lac 
Perchard.  [xviii.  47] 

ETJOEHirrS  n,  (according  to  Buchanan)  forty-flrst 
king  of  Scotland ;  supposed  son  of  Fergus  Mac  Earc. 

[xviii.  47] 

VUQiESTUB  m,  (according  to  Buchanan)  forty-sixth 
king  of  Scotland.  [xvUi.  47] 

ElTOEHnrS  IV,  (according  to  Buchanan)  flfty-flrst 
king  of  Scotland ;  identified  with  Eoch(M  Buidhe  (reigned 
606-29).  [xviii.  48] 

ETJOEHIUS  y,  (according  to  Buchanan)  fifty-sixth 
king  of  Scotland ;  identified  with  Eochoid  Hinnenhail 
(c  670).  [xviii.  48] 

ETTOEHnrS  yi  (yf.  650X  (according  to  Buchanan) 
fifty-seventh  king  of  Scotland;  also  called  Eocran  and 
Ewen :  contemporary  with  Adanman.  [xviii.  48] 

ETJOEHirrS  Vn,  (according  to  Buchanan)  fifty-ninth 
king  of  Scotland  ;  rcigned  680-97.  [xviU.  48] 

XXTOEJIIUS  Vm,  (according  to  Buchanan)  sixty- 
second  king  of  Scotland ;  reigned  761-4.  [xviii.  48] 

EXrOEHIVB    PKTTiALKTHgB    (pseudonym).     [See 


Yauohan,  Thomas,  1683-1666.] 

XXrSDEH.  LAURENCE  (1688-1730),  poet  laureate; 
scholar  of  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  1706 ;  M.A.,  1712 ; 
fellow,  1713 ;  given  the  laureateship  (1718)  by  the  Duke  of 
Newcastle,  whose  marriage  he  had  celebrated,  1717  ;  rector 
of  Coningsby  :  the  '  L.  B.'  of  Pope  and  Swift's  treatise  on 
bathos :  published  metrical  panegyrics  and  translations 
from  Claudian  and  Statins.  [xviii.  18] 

ETTBTAOE  (d.  1315),  bishop  of  Ely :  vice-chancellor, 
keeper  of  the  royal  seal,>  and  (1197)  chancellor :  dean  of 
Salisbury ;  bishop  of  Ely,  1197 ;  Rent  by  Richard  I  to  re- 
monstrate with  Philip  Augustus  of  France  on  alleged 
infringements  of  the  five  years*  peace ;  one  of  three  pre- 
lates selected  by  Pope  Innocent  III  to  urge  King  John  to 
recognise  Stephen  Langton  as  primate,  1308 ;  pronounced 
the  interdict  and  escaped,  1308 ;  associated  with  Arch- 
bishop Langton  in  procuring  from  Rome  sentence  of 
deposition  on  King  John.  [xviii.  49] 

ETJSTAOE,  JAMES,  third  YiscouNT  Baltdjolas 
(d,  1585) ;  headed  an  Irish  catholic  insurrecUon  in  1580 ; 
c&oaped  to  Spain  ;  outlawed  and  attainted  ;  died  in  Spain. 

[xviU.  51] 

BUSTAOE,  JOHN  CHETWODE  (17G3  ?-1816).  classi- 
cal antiquary ;. took  the  habit  at  St.  Gregory's  Convent^ 


Douay ;  priest ;  friend  of  Edmund  Barks :  reooidd  Ui 
continental  travels  in  *  A  Tour  through  Italy,'  int, 
written  In  a  '  latitudinarian  spirit.*  [zvULM] 

EXrSTACE,  ROLAND  FITZ,  Babox  POBTUBm 
((f.  1496),  lord-treasurer  in  Ireland,  1454  (ooofiniMd  14«1): 
created  Baron  Portlester,  1461 :  twice  aocosed  of  tram 
falsely;  chancellor  in  Ireland,  1473-83  and  148M(; 
took  part  in  the  Lambert  Simnel  rebdlion,  1487. 

[xvfiLill 
EVAV8,  ABEL  (1679-1737),  divine  and  poet;  ek- 
cated  at  Merchant  Taylors'  School;  probatkncr^dsv, 
St.  John*s  College,  Oxford,  1692 ;  M.A.,  1699 ;  DJ),  1711; 
expelled  from  chaplaincy  of  his  college,  but  reimtstad^ 
Duchess  of  Marlborough's  influence ;  famous  for  UiiiliR 
'  on  'The  Apparition  :  a. dialogue  betwixt  the  DerQiad 
a  Doctor  oonoeming  the  rights  of  tbie  CJhristian  Council,* 
1710 ;  epigrammatist.  [xvUL  14] 

XVAHS.  ANNE  (1830-1870),  poet  and  mnsiotl  oon- 
poser  ;  daughter  of  Arthur  Benoni  Evans  [q.  ▼.] 

[xvUL  M] 

EYAHS,  ARISE  (b.  1607).  [See  Evaks,  Rhts  or 
Rice.] 

EYAHS,  ARTHUR  BENONI  (1781-1854),  ntaxir 
laneous  writer;  son  of  Lewis  Evans  (1755-1837)  [q.^.]: 
M.A.  St.  John's  College,  Oxford,  1830 :  D.D.,  1838 ;  pio- 
fessor  of  classics  and  history  in  the  Royal  Militaiy  (Mkfe^ 
1805-33 ;  held  country  curacies ;  bead-master  of  liaifcei 
BoBworth  grammar  school,  1829-M.  His  works  inelode 
*  Ldcestershire  WonL*,  Phrases,  and  Proverbs,*  1848,  snd 
poems  and  sermons.  [xvfiL  54] 

EYAHS.  BENJAMIN  (1740-1831),  Welsh  oongnss- 

tional  mmister;    publisbted    abolitionist   and  leotariia 
works  In  Welsii.  [xvflL  SI] 

EYAHS,  BROOKE (1797-18621  nickd  refiner;  particr 
with  a  gunmaker  in  New  York :  indigo  planter  and  wet- 
chant  in  Central  America  :  amateur  navigator :  asiocirtiil 
with  one  Askin  in  a  venture  for  refining  nickel  from  nl^il> 
spdss ;  built  works  at  Birmingham,  1835  ;  obtained  iwtf 
from  nick^-ore  containing  cobalt.  [xvliL  M] 

EYAHS,  CALEB  (1881-1886),  geologist;  edooafeilit 
University  College  School;  clerk  in  the  chancery pij 
office,  1852-82;  F.G.S.,  1867;  first  English  geologMto 
divide  Croydon  and  Oxted  limestone  into  zones. 

[xvilLM] 

EYAHS,  CHARLES  SMART  (1778-1849X  Tocsliit 
and  composer :  gentleman  of  Chapel  Rcqral :  alto  singer  li 
the  chorus  of  the  *  Ancient  Concerts  *  of  1798 ;  compond 
part-songs,  motetts,  and  a  '  Magnificat.*         [xvtiL  iV, 

EYANS.  CHRISTMAS  (1766-1838),  one  of  tfas  gfott 
Welsh  preachers ;  originally  a  farm  laboorer ;  tmf^ 
minister  in  Anglesey,  1792-1826,  ruling  autocratioilto; 
called  the  *Bnnyaii  of  Wales*;  his  sermons  pabUAn 
in  Welsh.  [xviiLIT] 

EYAHS,  CORNELIUS  (Jl.  1648),  Impoator ;  a  Mtire 
of  MaraelUes ;  Impersonated  (Carles,  prince  of  Wsks.  u 
Sandwich,  1648 :  escapoi  from  Newgate,  1648. 

[xTia.W] 

EYAHS,  DANIEL  (1774-1835X  independent  ndnirtff 
in  North  Wales,  1796-1835 ;  published  Wdsh  meoiain  sod 
sectarian  workp.  [rrili.  tt] 

EYAHS,  DANIEL  (1792-1846),  Welsh  poet ;  oommnlj 
called  Daxiki.  Du  o  Gkrkdioion  ;  fellow  of  Josos  Col- 
lege, Oxfonl ;  M.A.,  1817 ;  B.D.,  1834  ;  took  ordefs :  cow- 
mitteil  suicide,  1846  ;  published  Welsh  poems.  [xvBLW] 

EYAHS,  DAVID  MORIER  (1819-1874X  flnaneW 
journalist ;  assistant  city  correspondent  on  ihe  *  Tlmsi' : 
started  the  *  Hour,*  1873 ;  bankrupt  on  ita  failure ;  pub- 
lished financial  works.  [x^iii.  *•] 

EYAHS,  EDWARD  (  iL  1615X  divine ;  edooated  at 
Winchester  and  New  College,  Oxfonl ;  MJL,  1603 ;  fdfc>w, 
1595-1601 ;  published  sermons,  1615.  [xvtiL  59] 

EYAHS.  EDWARD  (1716-1798),  Welsh  poet  and  baid 
of  Dmidic  descent ;  pastor  at  Abenlare,  1772-98. 

[xYllLein 
EYAHS,    EDWARD   (1789-1885),  prlntseller;    pid)- 
llshed  '  Catalogue  of  a  CollecUon  of  Engraved  Portrait*.* 

[xvliL  «] 
EYAHS,  EDWARD  DAYID  (18ia-1860),  prlntseDsr: 
son  of  Edward  Evans  (1789-1835)  [q.  v.]  [xviii.  60] 


--..  . ai.ii»: 

.  _  MoportalOolkgp. 
ilsd  DAitar  dC  litaou  Oharcb,  UorrifUm. 
■r  Bden  Clmrob,  Gunumw,  UM-M;  Itc- 
■*'-"-'  at  >  Bili-BuKiir '  OoDimsUionil 
l_:   bBxiM  piinr^nil.   ISM:   adlior  ol   'Y 

'tSuppLll.  IMl 
8lB  FRKDKRIOK  JOHSOWBS(181(-1»IU). 

Ovnl  Sea,  the  p™t  tarHcr  hbI.  Sid  Tonw 
-4;  ptiblitfhfd,  vbai  nuperlDteiideiit  of  tbe 
iTtoKnl.  ■  '  Bsport  aa  Opmpuu  DsvlaUaDs  in 
Lvy/  law ;  (ApEAiu,  1073 ;  tijdrograpber  to  tbt 
)74-»( :  ILO  J„  l«gl.  li-nO.  SI] 

UEOBOBa«»>M70I).>DUqiurj:  CellDwor 
^Canbrld^^  "  '        '""''    ""* 


Ml.  uul  a  ■  Hlnorr  ol  iht  JB<n.' i«ao. 

tnW^Wi; 

lal  tho  ■  NlgllThougUtt  ■  oni ' 

•mdlH 

[x-rt 

11.  GS] 

STAHa 

S,  •  Bfil-WVSllAC 

n-  (18W.1M7 

Watcran  dl.UiD 

ihspbenl :  onliliuil,  IWI ;  n 

Liverpool, 

■nd   isri-s. 

Bangor.    IBM-Tl  and 

IBBS-e,  OnwHtr;. 

8B»-90.  and  LoBdon,  llt79«  aod  18*0- 

IKM;   Bern 

«r  o! 

L<««1  handnd  oT  WtalnaD 

cbalrmaii    of 

Bontli   Wala 

iitm*. 

mid   aDndoctol 

raiii;  hKiuentl 

y   M^Kd  -tta 

epumtoii'; 

utd  migiooi  nriUngii 

In  Welsh. 

[Soppl.  U 

IM) 

KVAKfl 

la  (f.  liU\ 

MJ. 

ObriM  Olinr 

h.0. 

<mi.l6S7;  fl.U_ 

Bliluv 

(Irimlalby 

Itim 

pubUibHl  atlsDln  on  Rumuilatn  lAer  ISBS.     [ivULM] 

XVUn.  LEWIS  (17M.1SIT).  matbemaUiTlaa :  natrl- 
'    -  "-^—  Cnllcgr,  Oifonl,  17T1;  Tioaiof  Vroii- 

F.BA,' 

4Djd^  r.A.o.^  i»iELciuuwM  w PbUwDphWI  Masiulofl.' 

[>vm.  701 

KTAITB.  PH1L1I'  11841-1970),  tamlt:  itodlod  at  at 
FoplBb  plot  pcnecatlon.  [iirlll,  7U] 

ETUTB,  RBYB  or  RirB  (».  ieU7),  fanatic :  aOoptBl 


70] 


pMtlansI  Oroom^  to  rKtore  Cburlo  1L  18 
Dijfltlcal  tnoU. 

ITUfB,  Il[(!HARB(1784-lS71),portnii 
LV>pjrist;  p^uteil  lu  ItGme  a  (rwco  wblab  I 
foand  bBii^ln^  at  South  KenMislon  us  an  as^ac ; 
(pLtcd  pDTtmlLd  at  tbc  Rojnl  Academy  troa)  IHlo. 

[iriiL  rij 

KTAVB,  nOBRRT  HARDINO  (177S-1MI).  bookHlle 

■ .., jEvem  (17ia-l?M)  [q. ».) 

I  tbc  l>ulie  ol  RoTbursbc* 


(t7«l-l««£),  arobdauou 
diimtBl  jU,  SbiTirahaiT 

---,  ,  .        .  -,.     fellow.  1811:  SLAVISH: 

B.a.   IMl ;  aiohdeaoin  Df  WoUaorriavl.  IWS-ai.     Hli 
rks  iDclulu  '  Tales  b(  Oic  Andent  BcKiab  Olinrcb,'  IMU. 

[iTiU.  7S1 
XTjUTS,    BAUDBL  H.    19U?).  Undaape-palnter : 
i}j;bt  tliB  Jftugliler  ol  (k«tKe  111  ilrau-iup;  ctruwliig' 


publlibed  a  'HMory  of  Modcra  Botbnsiai 

[XTiil.  TS] 

ETAira,    THUilAS  (d.  isaa),   poet:   U.A.  Oorpiu 

Cbriitl  Collsge.  Cainbrldgc,  HIS;  SSJX,  1138;  mnor  of 

LlUte  Hollaud.  161K-33;  published  a  poem.  '(Edlnu,' 

IBIS,  wbicb  If  uov,-  ycry  rare.  [niH.  TS] 

BTAB8,  THOMAS  (171*-17((4),  booksellef:   e^to). 


KTAXS,  TllOMAtS(173S-leU3).boaL3eUcr 


pabltahEdHi 

oa,  aba  a  blstorf  of  BrlHOI.  1834  ;   Icl 
aJl^  of  tbe  Bruniwlck  Thoilre,  Well 


fdab   •DDir  'Od  Libert)-;   17>; 
Bll-SS  :  publlibed  tbeologlcal 

ETAXS.  THOMAS  (Tkli 
Oct:  uUor.andaubKquoitlrotiiu. 
oUeoted,  I8e«. 

KVAXB,  THOMAS  SIMPSON 
natldao :  wn  ul  L™i9  Bviioa(176a- 
t  Oreainilch  Observatory.  IROO-1 ; 


^r  Ooldsmltb  and  Ulai 

C.viU.  74] 

IX  CoTHI)  (1711-1133), 

wmed   for   BljisInK  a 

miDlBter  at  Aberdare, 

rlB.  [SYlU.  H] 

O   <1M0-1866),    Welsb 


EVANS 


412 


EWABT 


B7AN8,  WILLIAM  (d.  17S0?),  presbyterian  divine; 
pastor  in  Cannartbenshire,  1688-1718:  founder  of  the 
Welsh  academy  Bjrstem :  published  theological  work  in 
Welsh,  1707.  [nriii.  75] 

SVAKB,  WILLIAM  (d.  1776  ?X  Welsh  lexicographer ; 
presbyterian  minister;  compiled  English- Welsh  diction- 
ary, 1771.  [xvlii.  76] 

EVAK8,  WILLIAM  (1811 7-1858),  landscape-pabiter : 
styled  *  Evans  of  Bristol  * ;  his  best-lmown  work  *  Traeth 
Mawr.'  [xvUL  76] 

EVAKS,  WILLIAM  (1798-1877),  water-colour  painter : 
son  of  Samuel  Evans  [q.  v.]  ;  exhibited  at  the  Old  Society  of 
Painters  in  Water-colours  from  1828  :  drawUig-mastcr  at 
Eton,  1818-27  ;  house-master  at  Eton,  1840-77  ;  helped  to 
reform  the  schooL  [xviil.  76] 

EYAHB,  Sm  WILLIAM  DAVID  (1767-1821), lawyer : 
educated  at  Harrow ;  attorney,  1789 ;  barrister,  Qray's 
Inn,  1794  :  stipendiary  magistrate  for  Manchester,  1813- 
1818 :  knightMl,  1819 :  recorder  of  Bombay,  1819-21 : 
translated  Pothier's  *  Law  of  Obligations  and  Oontracts,' 
1806,  and  wrote  legal  works.  [xvili.  77] 

EVAKS,  WILLIAM  EDWARD  (1801-1869),  divine 
and  naturalist ;  educated  at  Shrewsbuiy ;  scholar  of  Clare 
Hall,  Cambridge ;  MJL.,  1826 ;  prebendary  and  praelector 
of  Hereford.  1845  :  canon,  1861 ;  published  *  The  Song  of 
the  Birds,'  1845.  [xviii.  77] 

EVAN80K,  EDWARD  (1731-1805X  divine;  M.A. 
Emmanuel  College,  Cambridge,  1758;  incumbent  of 
Longdon ;  prosecuted  in  the  consiBtory  court  for  unita- 
rianism,  1771;  chaplain  to  Wedderbiinie,  the  solicitor- 
general,  1775 ;  assailed  trinitarianism  in  '  A  Letter  to 
Dr.  Hurd,*  1777 ;  resigned  Longdon,  1778 ;  established 
school  at  Mitcbam,  1778.  His  works  include  *The  Dis- 
sonance of  the  four  .  .  .  Evangelists,'  1792.     [xviii.  78] 

SVELEIOH,  JOHN  (1748-1814),  provost  of  Oriel 
CoUege,  Oxford ;  B.A.  Wadham  CoUcge,  Oxford,  1770 ; 
fellow  of  Oriel,  1770 ;  M.A.,  1772;  B.D.,1782:  D.D.,1783; 
dean  of  Oriel,  1775-81 ;  provost,  1781 ;  vicar  of  St.  Mary's, 
Oxford,  1778-81,  and  of  Aylesfoid,  1782-93 ;  prebendwy  of 
Rochester,  1781.  [Suppl.  ii.  196] 

JSVKLYN,  Sir  GEORGE  AUGUSTUS  WILLIAM 
SHUCKBURGH-     (1751-1804).       [See     Shuckburoh- 

BVELTO.] 

EVElYir,  JOHN,  the  younger  (1665-1699),  trans- 
lator: son  of  John  Evelyn  (1620-1706)  [q.  v.];  entered 
Trinity  College,  Oxford.  1667  :  admitted  of  the  Middle 
Temple,  1672 :  a  commissioner  of  revenue  in  Ireland,  1692- 
1696 ;  translatal  Raplnus's  Latin  poem  'Of  Gardens,'  1673. 

«,*«*,»  Cxviil.  88] 

EVELTH,  JOHN  (1620-1706),  virtuoso;  student  at 
the  Middle  Temple,  1637 ;  feUow  commoner  at  Balllol. 
1637:  joined  Charles  I,  1642;  travelled:  bought  'rare 
tables  of  veins  and  nerves '  at  Padua,  1646 :  travelling 
companion  of  the  poet  Waller,  1646 :  translated  La  Mothe 
Le  Vayer's  *0f  Liberty  and  Servitude,'  1649;  settled  at 
Sayes  Court,  Deptford,  1653 :  proposed  to  Robert  Boyle  a 
scheme  which  was  afterwards  developed  into  the  Royal 
Society :  member  of  council  of  foreign  plantations,  1671 ;  a 
commissioner  for  privy  seal,  1685-7 ;  secretary  to  Royal 
iSo-iety,  1672;  his  property  at  Sayes  Court  wantonly 
deisecrHted  by  Peter  the  Great  when  tenant,  1698;  ap- 
pointed Bentley  to  first  Boyle  lectureship ;  a  recognised 
auth^lty  on  numismatics,  architecture,  and  landscape 
gardening.  His  works  include  *  Sculptura,'  1662, '  Sylva,' 
1664, and  'A  Character  of  England,^  1669.  His  'Diary' 
was  first  published  In  1818  and  1819.  [xvliL  79] 

EYERASD  (1083  7-1160).    [Sec  Eborard.] 

EYEBAED,  JOHN  (yf.  1611),  Roman  catholic  student, 
converted  to  Catholicism  at  Clare  Hall,  Cambridge ;  pro- 
bationer  in  the  English  College  at  Rome,  1610  ;  published 
*  Britanno-RomanvB '  (autobiography),  1611.  [xviil.  83] 

EYEEAED,  JOHN  (1675  7-1660  ?),  divine  and  mystic  : 
M.A.  Clare  College,  Cambridge,  1607 ;  D.D.,  1619 ;  impri- 
soned for  censuring  Spanish  outrages  in  the  Indies,  1621 
and  1622 ;  deprived  by  the  high  commission  court  of  his 
living  at  FalTBtead,  1686 ;  fined  1,000/.,  1639  ;  translatttl 
the  'Pnemander'  of  Hermes  Trismegistus,  1650.  His 
'  Parable  of  Two  Drops  reasoning  together '  was  repub- 
lished In  1866.  [xviii.  84] 


EYEEAED,  MATHIAS  (d.  1857),  maior-gSNnl, 
ensign,  1804 ;  captured  by  the  French,  1806 ;  M  tbitav 
lorn  hope  at  Monte  Video,  1807 ;  fought  tt  Oorafit  and 
siege  of  Flushing,  1809 :  commanded  flank  battoBoo  n 
storming  of  Bhurtpore,  1826  ;  C.B.  and  brevet  UeataoBt- 
oolonel ;  major-general,  1851 ;  knight  of  Hanoverian  oida; 

[xviiL»] 

EYEEAED,  ROBERT  (JL  1664),  Roman  atkoGc 
writer ;  captain  during  the  civil  war ;  publishd  work 
vindicating  his  conversion  to  Catholicism,  1664. 

[xviiLO] 

EYEEAED,  alias  Everett,  THOMAS  OMO-lIK), 
Jesuit :  studied  at  Cambridge  and  (1692-3)  at  BWai; 
socius  and  master  of  Jesuit  novices  at  Lonvain;  ndi- 
sioner  in  Englaml,  1604  and  1617 ;  banished,  1621 :  scSm- 
qnently  missioner  in  Suffolk ;  translated  Latin  and  Italiu 
religious  works.  [xviiL  K] 

EYEEDOK,  SILVESTER  de  (d.  1S64X  bishop  of 
Carlisle;  held  livings  in  Northamptonshire  from  1119: 
keeper  of  great  seal,  1244;  archdeacon  of  Chester,  1S4S : 
bishop  of  Carlisle,  1246 ;  justice  Itinerant,  1261-2 :  ioinal 
other  bishops  in  enforcing  Magna  Cterta,  1263. 

[SuppL  IL 196] 

EYEEE8T,  Sir  GEORGE  (1790-1866X  miUtaiy 
engineer ;  East  India  cadet,  1806 ;  made  survey  of  Jsn 
for  Sir  Stamford  Rafl9es,  1813-16;  superlnteDdent  of 
survey,  Hyderabad,  1823  ;  surveyor-general  of  India: 
lieutenant-colonel,  1838;  C.B.,  1861;  knighted,  1811; 
F.R.A.S.  and  F.R.O.a  :  published  two  acooonts  of 
measurements  on  the  Meridional  Arc  of  India,  1810  sad 
1847.    Mount  Everest  is  named  after  him.      [xviiL  88] 

EYEBETT,  JAMES  (1784-1872),  misceUaneons  writer; 
expelled  from  Wesleyan  conference  and  ministry,  1841,  u 
author  of '  Wesleyan  Takings'  and  the  sospectn  author 
of  the  *  Fly  Sheets '  of  1846  and  after ;  esUbliahed  *  UnUsl 
Methodist  Free  Church,'  1857 ;  first  president  of  mO' 
sionist  assembly,  1857;  published  memolrB,  brodninit 
and  histories  of  methodism.  [xvUL  87] 

EYEEITT,  ALLEN  EDWARD  (1824-1882X  tV^: 
executed  water-colour  drawings  of  medissral  remain  ib 
the  midlands.  Belgium,  France,  and  Germany;  boa 
secretary  of  Royal  Society  of  Artists  of.Bim^hiB. 
1858-82,  of  archsBological  section  of  Midland  Institate, 
1870.  [xviiLtt] 

EYEBSDEN  or  EYEEI8DEN,  JOHN  of  (/L  19»\ 
chronicler ;  cellarer  of  the  Benedictine  abbey  of  Boy  St 
EdmundH,  1300.;  proctor  for  his  abbot,  1807:  his  'Seriei 
tcmporum  ab  initio  mundi,'  originally  supposed  a  eos- 
tinuation  of  Florence  of  Worcester.  [xvUL  99] 

EYEE8IEY,  Viscount  (1794-1888).  [See  8haw- 
Lefkvre,  Charles.] 


HUGH  OP  (</.  1287),  cardinal;  caOri 

Atratns,  II  Nero,  and  Le  Noir ;  studied  at  Oxtad  wl  u 
Cambridge  and  in  France  and  Italy;  nichiaBiei  | 
'  PhoBuix ' :  archdeacon  of  Worcester,  1276 ;  prebendiiy  *^ 
of  York,  1279 ;  physician  to  Pope  Martin  IV,  ll«:  :. 
cardinal,  1281;  author  of  *Canones  Medidnate,'  *m» 
tinctiones  predicablles,'  and  other  works.        [xviiLN] 

EVESHAM,  WALTER  of  (Jl,  1320).    [SeeWiLfB.] 

EWALD,  ALEXANDER  CHARLES  (1842-1891),  ««• 
torioal  writer  ;  clerk  in  public  record  office,  1881 ;  i«i» 
clerk,  1890;  published  popular  historical  works  anda^ 
sisted  in  compilation  of  a  calendar  and  pr6ds  at  'Konatt 
Rolls— Henry  V.'  [Saw?!,  ii  ItT] 

EWALD,  CHRISTIAN  FERDINAND  a«»-lW*)^ 
missionary:  took  Anglican  orders,  1836;  laboarBliB 
Jerusalem  for  London  Society  for  Propagating  the  CfOaptt 
among  the  Jews  from  1841.  [SuppL  IL 197] 

EWAET,  JOSEPH  (1769-1792X  diplomatist:  eio- 
cated  at  Dumfries  and  Edinburgh  University;  enief 
plenipotentiary  to  Prussia,  1788-91 ;  snooeedad  ingettiag 
the  Prince  of  Orange  re-estabUshed  as  stadUiolder;  * 
arranged  marriage  treaty  between  Duke  of  York  aod 
Frederick  WUliam's  daughter.  [xviiL  90] 

EWAET,    WILLIAM  (1798-1869X  poUtidan;  eftn- 
cated  at  Eton  and  C^hrist  Church,  Oxford :    Newdigate 

frizeman,  1820 ;  B.A.,  1821 ;  barrister.  Middle  Tempb), 
827;  M.P.,  Bletchingley,  18S8-Sq,  Uverpool,  1880,1831, 
1882,  and  1836,  Wlgan,  1839,  and  Domfrtes  burgha,  1811- 


ewbank: 


418 


BYBS 


r ;  brought  about  an  act  for  restricting 
MDt,  1857 ;  carried  bill  wtabllsbing  free 
18S0 ;  pnblisbed  Bpeecbes.       [xvili.  91] 

rOHN  W.  (1799  ?-I847X  painter ;  foonda- 
lUyyal  Scottieh  Academy,  1830 :  painted 
and  marine  sabjects.  [xviiL  92] 

THOMAS  (1792-1870),  writer  on  practical 
infacturer  of  lead,  tin,  and  copper  tubing 
.819-36;  related  bia  travels  in  *Life  in 
immLssioner  of  patents,  1849-02  upresident 
uudogical  Society  ;  publiriied  *  Toe  World 
65,  and  works  on  physics  aud  hydraolios. 

[xviii.  92] 
OK  (1741-1821),  sappoeed  author  of  •  0 
•oatie  row*;  lujrdware  retailer  in  Aber> 
nU,  by  a  will  (disallowed  by  the  House 
id  an  educational  charity  in  Moutroee. 

[xviiL  93] 
faoj   NSWPOBT,    MAUBIOE  (1611-1687). 


^R8,  or  SWRE8,  ISAAO  {d.  1660X 
mentarian  colonel  of  foot;  costodlan  of 
rat  Castle ;  signed  death-warrant,  1649. 

CzvUi.  93] 
IS  id.  1774X  bishop  of  Bangor ;  educated 
Sing's  College,  Cambridge,  1728 ;  fellow ; 
«ni  of  Windsor,  1738 ;  prebendary  of  Here- 
D.,  1756;  bishop  of  Llandafl,  1761-8,  of 
;  preached  against  the  American  colonists 
767.  [xviiL  94] 

LUAM  HOWELL  (1781  ?-180l),  usurer ; 
College,  Cambridge,  1756  ;  LL.D.,  1766 ; 
igeshire;  suspended  from  bis  degrees  by 
Uor,  1778,  for  lending  money  at  usury  to 
ored  in  1779,  there  being  no  university 
hia  offence ;  deprived  of  his  commission, 

[xviiL  94] 

RBYILLE  (1767-1841X  congregational 
ed  at  Bdinburgb ;  first  secretary,  Edln- 
ry  Society,  1796 ;  forbidden  by  the  East 
to  go  as  missionary  to  India ;  ubaudoned 
aid :  superintended  congregational  charge 
9-1836  ;  tutor  of  the  Glasgow  Theological 
36 :  published  Greek  grammar  and  lexicon 
tent  students,  180L  ixvUL  95] 

JLIANA  HORATIA  (1841-1886),  writer 
nde  Gatty  ;  her  fin$t  story  published  in 
icket,*  1861 :  produced  *  Melcblor's  Dream,' 
'  Auut  Judy's  Magazine,'  1866 ;  married 
r  Ewing,  18e7  ;  wrote  many  soldier-stories. 

[xviiL  96] 
DtXKfs  ov.    [See  Holland,  Jonx,  1352  ?- 
T,  Sir  TuoiLAJ),  d.  1427 ;  Hullaxd,  John, 

[ABQUIS  OP(1496?-l538).  [SCCCOUHTKXAY, 

ICARCHIONES.S  OP  (d.  15S8>  [Sec  Gour- 
de.] 

firPt  Earl   of  (1642-1622).    [See  Cbcil, 

OHS  OP  ((/.  1268).    [See  John.] 

08EPH  OF  (/.  1190).    [See  Jobepu.] 

ITEPHEN  of  iJl.  1265).    [See  Stephen.] 

kS' ALTER  OP  (Jl.  1301 X  Oluniac  monk ; 
of  the  *  Guy  of  Warwick '  romance. 

[xviU.  96] 
fILLIAM  OP  {/1. 1330  ?),  author  of » Deter- 
.inst  Ockham  ;  D.D. ;  canon  of  Exeter. 

[xviiL  96] 
ATLLIAM  OP  (./r.  1360  ?),  physician  to 
;  precentor  of  Lincoln.  [xviiL  97] 

•  ILL!  AM  OF  ((/.  1365  ?),  author  of  sermons 
».  [xviiL  96] 

h  )MAS  (r/.  1865  Vl  mathematician  ;  M. A.  '• 
'^VLlliam  Moore  Johnson  in  bringing  out 
Encyclopaedia,*  1812.  His  other  writintrs 
U  OpUca,'  1834.  [xvlli.  97] 


WILUAM  (1507  ?.15tiX  Oartbinian ;  eda. 
cated  at  Christ's  College,  Cambridge:  ftewanl  ol  the 
London  Charterhouse,  1535  (?) ;  hanged  for  denying  the 
king's  supremacy,  1535.  [xviiL  97] 


SXKOXTTH, 
LKW,  Edward.] 


first  VIBCOUXT  (1757-1888).     [See  PlL- 


SX8HAW,  CHARLES  {d.  1771X  painter  and  en- 
graver ;  first  exhibited,  1764  ;  etched  mainly  after  Rem- 
brandt. [xvliL  97] 

EXTOV,  JOHN  (16007-1665?),  admiralty  lawyer; 
M.A.  Trinity  Hall,  Cambridge,  1623  ;  LL.D.,  1634  ;  ad- 
miralty judge,  1649-65 ;  published  *  The  Maritime  Diose- 
ologie,'  1664.  [xviiL  98] 

BXTOV,  Sir  THOMAS  (1681-1688),  admiralty  lawyer ; 
son  of  John  Exton  [q.  v.] ;  educated  at  Merchant  Taylors* 
School  and  Trhiity  Hall,  Cambridge :  LL.D.,  1662 ;  member 
of  Cray's  Inn,  1648 ;  knighted  ;  admiralty  judge  before 
1678 ;  advocate-general ;  M.P.  Caaibridge  University, 
1679, 1681,  and  1685  ;  master  of  Trinity  Hall,  Cambridge, 
1676-88.  [xviiL  98] 

ETBS,  CHARLES  (1784-1 864X  misoellaneoas  writer ; 
B.A.  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  1807;  took  orders; 
unitarian ;  newspaper  proprietor  at  Colchester ;  com- 
mitted suicide.  His  *  Fall  of  Adam '  (1852)  is  an '  amended ' 
ediUon  of "  Paradise  Lost.'  [xviii.  98] 


EDMUND  JOHN  (1767-1816X  dramatist; 
educated  at  Merchant  Taylors'  School  and  Pembroke  Hail, 
Cambridge ;  played  Jaques  at  Drury  Lane,  1806  ;  publisheil 
*  Maid  of  Normandy '  (tragedy),  1794,  and  *  Consequences  * 
(comedyX  1798.  [xviiL  98] 


.,  Sir  GILES  (d.  1695X  jndge ;  barrister,  Lin- 
coln's Inn,  1661 ;  reoordo'  of  Salisbury ;  M.P.,  Salisbury, 
1688-9 :  justice  of  the  king's  bench  and  knighted,  1689. 

[xvUi.  99] 
STBE,  Sir  JAMES  (1784-1799),  judge ;  scholar  of 
Winchester,  1747 ;  matriculated  at  St.  John's  College, 
Oxford,  1749 ;  treasurer  of  Gray's  Inn,  1766 :  reoorder  of 
London,  1768 ;  oounael  for  Wilkes  in  Wilkes  e.  Wood, 
1768 ;  refused  to  present  to  the  king  London's  remon- 
strance on  the  exclusion  of  Wilkes  from  parliament,  1770 ; 
knighted,  1772 ;  president  of  court  of  exchequer,  1787 ; 
chief  commissioner  of  great  seal,  1792-8 ;  chief-justioe  of 
ccmunon  pleas,  1798.  [xviii.  99] 


;,  JAMBS  (1748-1818X  philologist;  educated  at 
Catharine  Hall,  Cambridge;  head-master  of  Solihull 
grammar  school ;  country  clergyman ;  annotated  John- 
son's *  English  Dictionary  *  (in  manuscript). 

[xviiL  100] 
ETBS,  Sir  JAMBS  (1792-1857),  physician ;  M.R.Ci)., 
1814;  mayor  of  Hereford,  1830;  knighted,  1880;  M.B. 
Edinburgh,  1884 ;  M.R.C  J*.,  1886 ;  wrote  medical  works. 

[xviiL  100] 

ETRE,  JOHN  (1754-1808),  evangelical  clergyman ; 
dissenting  minister ;  matriculated  at  Emmanuel  College, 
Cambridge,  1778 ;  priest,  1779 ;  minister  of  Homerton, 
1785  ;  helped  to  found  London  Missionary  Society,  1795 : 
originated  scheme  (1796)  which  developed  into  Hackney 
Theological  College  (opened,  1803).  [xviiL  100] 


E,  Sir  ROBERT  (1666-1736),  judge  ;  son  of  Sir 
Samnd  Byre  [q.  v.]  :  barrister,  Lincoln's  Inn,  1689 :  re- 
corder of  Salisbury,  1696  ;  MJ>.,  Salisbury,  1698-1710  ; 
solicitor-general,  1708 ;  manager  of  Sacbeverell's  im- 
peachmoit;  judge  of  queen's  bench,  1710;  knighted, 
1710 ;  lord  chief  baron,  1723 ;  lord  chief- justice  of  common 
pleas,  1725.  [xviii.  101] 


!,  Sm  SAMUEL  (1633-1698),  judge;  barrister, 

linooln's  Inn,  1661 ;  justice  of  king's  bench,  16«4 ;  upheld 
the  murderer  Knollys's  chiim  to  privil^e  of  peerage, 
1698.  [xviU.  102] 


S,  THOMAS  (1670-1716),  Jesuit ;  student  at  St. 
Omer ;  chaplain  to  James  11  at  St.  Germain  ;  professor 
of  theology,  Lifege,  1701-4 ;  professed  Jesuit,  1706 ;  socius 
to  hia  provinoial,  1712.  [xvUi.  102] 

EYSE,  THOMAS  (1748-1810),  Roman  catholic 
divine ;  professor  at  the  English  college,  Douay  ;  presi- 
dent of  Crook  Hall,  1795-1808,  subsequently  removing  it 
to  Uahaw  ;  edited  John  Goter's  •  Spiritual  Works,'  1790. 

[xviii.  102] 

ETEE,  Sm  VINCENT  (1811-1881),  general ;  gazetted 
to  Bengal  establishment,  1828 ;  oommisaary  of  oxdmmoe 


irnnrlsal  u  hmtaiTs  to  XTTHAJI.     Btnos     (I(S>7-1U1?X      [Bn   Ecn, 

BlrOosrgflPolkiok.lWl:  Jdus.] 

«rtiUwyoCQ*«lim<!Oiitlngolt.'  STTOIT,    ROBERT   WELLIAM    (leiMWl),  ■»■ 

1K41 :  itHDiiUd  Enper^  cohniy  (or  dewiuiW  fUnUtai  o(  quiry :  ednnted  at  Bogbj ;  JtA.  Ohrlit  ObonK  Oi- 

PonugMM  mUtb  :  drfnMaUrge  bbUvt  brro  IBM  i  foid,  tStC:  lertorM  Rjtai,lHl-U:  iuliitdHlli-t 

look  Dvt  in  the  njlct  of  Lackm*.  lUT ;  Ucntenut-  k«  |«  DDund.;,'  litTT.BMll  obKnoMrol  ilMiiiiliil" 

ort(miJ«idO.B,lM7:ll«ol«ii»nl-Brm«l,ie^K<^l„  of  Uod ;  pabli>tua  -Tha  AnClqulUn ol BhroHilic'U 


XYRS,  SiH  WILLIUt  (IKU'iesS),  I 


BTTOV  or  KMV,  STEPHBN  (A  !**>  ^\ 


[nllLHq 


tbi^l  Ri«r  BHl  Oommlttw-.  Hill.  1861  ;  C.B,»We.     'iSi5?7»P^t  ^  t?t^ V?* ^5S^ ■j^KJTS; 


vr.-Krm.       ABRAHAM     RZEKIEL     (inT-imi. 
KTBTOK,  BERNARD  (l«9e-1I09),  FrauclMiui  friu  ;     mLnlntuR-palDtcr  and  KisntlDc  opticiAn :  engnnil  fi- 
culled  in  tdlgloD  Bnrnm  *  Suncta  PnnciBo ;  lector  of     miu.  [iiUL  lin] 

'™-  '*""■  "*1        »no. ;  pnbliiliri  intH-  to  Sir  Hon  Priw,  *hieli  M  la 

XTSTOH.  ClIABLBS  (1se7-1791),  utiqcauT  ;  i^hlef     Nupouloii  of  eflon*  to  eonirot  Jawi  ol  »riaiw  n 

woik,  a  hlitori'  ol  UluloDbiUT  itabej  uidtovn,  1718.         ,  Ohriatianit; ;  pabliibed  Imuni  oothcIlTBof  AMilaa 

[rrllLlO*!       !  and  Haic.  18M-1.  [.riiU  IW) 


IBM;  P.B^,  I«B1I:  btfrtenbd  bj  Newton:! 

I«lbalUlDrpBr»iiidnaaoDa,leK:  ebicf -*  -' 
1_._..  ..  Qfurtng  Croaa  m 


FAHKT,  JAMBS  (ia04-lt 

,.,^„,  .„  ,  „  ...,  ;  Ai*ipmy,  iBii  ;  )«reI«rT  of  llK  New  Bociety  of  PUutai 

,   MCOLAti  (ieM-17M),  of  IhiLlll.r,  inaibr-     In  Wsicr-Coloura,  lSW-74 ;  dnwiiK-inist>T  at  Uovbanl 
matidiui  and  fanalic :  ciSien  of  Qener*,  1978 ;  deirtoped     Tayloti'  Scbool,  IBH-BI.  UtUL  Isgl 

CaMUU  ■  tliwTy  of  loliacai  UKht,  lou ;  Hbowal  how  t4t  

DtlliH  a  iblp'i  motleo  for  grinding  (am,  aawlng,  &c  :  7AHIB,    Bin   WILLIAM    OHABLBB   (UtS-lSUJ. 

tttUtjei  coniplnijr  to  kidniip  ttis  FrlsBe  of  Owige,  I  vi«-*diiilnil :  (ntcnsl  wtj,  ITtl;  ai^itad at c^itumit 


FAIRBAIRN 


415 


t  IndiA  islands,  1807 ;  served  at  redaction  of 
1810 :  commander  of  the  order  of  St. 
ind  Merit;  commander-in-chief  on  Leeward 
on,  18SU,  at  Halifax,  1881-4 ;  K.O.B.,  18S4 ; 
i,  IBM) :  died  at  Bermuda.  [  xtUL  ISl  ] 


,    PATRICK  (1806-1874),  theologian; 

linborgh  :  presented  by  the  crown  to  North 
Orkney,  1830  ;  professor  of  divinity  In  the 
theological  coUege,  Aberdeen,  1863-6  ;  D.D. 
incipal  of  the  free  church  college  of  Glasgow, 
dCTator  of  the  general  araembly,  1866 ;  chief 
dogy  of  Scriptupe,'  1845  and  1817 ;  edited 
1  Bible  Dictionary.'  [xvlil.  121] 


r,  Sir  peter  (17W-186l>,  engineer 
r :  brother  of  Sir  William  Falrbalm  [q.  v.]  : 
Az-spinning  machinery  by  modification  of 
e  and  Introduction  of  screw  and  rotary  gUl^  ; 
foundry  for  manufacture  of  war  material; 
»yor  of  Leeds.  1B67-8,  and  1868-9. 

[xvlll.  123] 
JBV,  SiK  WILLIAM  (1789-1874X engineer: 
ori^  ;  befriended  by  George  Stephenson : 
two  water-mills  at  Zurich,  which  worked 
whatever  the  height  of  the  river,  1824 ; 
90 ;  *■  chief  fabricator  '  of  machinery  for  the 
remment  In  England,  1839;  superintended 
I  of  tabular  Menai  Straits  bridge  in  con- 
ih  Stephenson,  1848,  but  found  his  position 
M9  ;  patented  his  new  principle  of  wrooght- 
fl ;  luonorary  LL.D.  Edinburgh,  1860,  Cam- 
;  president  of  the  British  Association,  1861, 
cation  of  Mechanical  Engineers,  1864 ;  created 
».  [xvlii.  128] 

>XVB,  SiB  PALMES  (1644-1680),  governor 
:  captain  in  the  Tanglers  regiment  of  foot, 
hted;  major,  1664;  governor  of  Tanglers, 
tftmdked  a  mole  across  the  harbour ;  quelled 
troops  provoked  by  the  neglect  of  the  home 
i^  1677  ;  ftuperseded,  1680 ;  defended  Tanglers 
aley  Hassan,  1680;  mortally  wounded  In 
ith  Moors.  [xviii.  126] 

>BirS,  Sir  STAFFORD  id.  1742),  admiral  of 
m  of  Sir  Palmes  Fairbome  [q.  v.] ;  commanded 
te  at  battle  of  Beachy  Head,  1690  ;  present 
if  Barflenr,  1692;  scattered  Newfoundland 
10 :  rear-admiral  of  the  blue,  1701 ;  knighted, 
dmiral  of  the  red,  1703:  present  at  capture 
oa,  1706,  and  reduction  of  Ostend,  1706  : 
be  fleet,  1708.  [xvlll.  126] 


1,  BRIAN,  the  elder  (1633-1711),  poUttoian ; 

son  of  Henry  Fairfax  (1688-1666)  [q.  v.]  :  M.A.  and  LLJ). 
Trinity  (College,  Cambridge ;  sent  on  a  mission  to  General 
Monck,  1669 ;  equerry  to  Charles  II,  1670-86 ;  eqaerry  to 
William  III,  1689-92.  His  works  include  poems,  a  life  of 
Buckingham,  and  an  edition  of  Fairfax's  *  Short  Memo- 
rials,' 1699.  [xvllL  129] 

PATTtFAX,  BRIAN,  the  younger  (1676-1749). 
commissioner  of  customs,  1723-49 ;  son  of  Brian  Fairfax 
the  elder  [q.  v.] :  queen's  scholar,  Westminster,  1690 ; 
fellow  of  Trinity  OiUege,  Cambridge,  1698  ;  M.A.,  1700. 

[xtUL  130] 

PATRFAX,  Sir  CHARLES  (A  1604),  soldier: 
brother  of  Thomas,  first  baron  Fairfax  [q.  v.] :  routed 
VeUsGO  at  siege  of  Sluys,  1604.  [xvilL  130] 


CHARLES  (1697-1673),  antiquary  and 
genealogist ;  son  of  Thomas,  first  baron  Fairfax  [q.  v.]  ; 
entered  Trinity  0>Uege,  Cambridge,  1611;  barrister, 
Lincoln's  Inn,  1618  ;  parliamentarian  colonel  of  foot ; 
governor  of  Klngston-upon-Hull,  1660-1 ;  pensioned : 
assisted  Roger  Dodsworth  [q^  v.]  In  collecting  and 
preserving  *  Dodsworth  M8S. ';  left  In  manuscript, 
'  AnalecU  Falrfaxiana.'  [xvlll.  130] 

FAIBFAZ,  CHARLES  (d.  1723),  dean  of  Down  and 
Connor,  1722-8 ;  son  of  Brian  Fairfax  the  elder 
[q.  v.]  :  educated  at  Westminster  and  Christ  Church, 
Oxford.  [xvUL  130] 

PATRFAX,  EDWARD  (d.  1636X  translator  of  TasK>*s 
'  Gernaalemme  Liberata ' ;  imagined  two  of  his  daagh- 
ten  bewitched,  1621 ;  author  of  *  Godfrey  of  Balloigne  ' 
(1600X  a  translatiOD  of  Tasso,  which  solaced  Charlee  I  In 
prison.  [xvUL  131] 

FAIBFAZ,  FERDINANDO,  second  Baron  Fairfax 
of  Cameron  In  the  peerage  of  Scotland  (1684-1648X 
Mm  of  Thomas,  first  baron  [q.  v.] ;  M.P.,  Boroughbridge, 
1622, 1624, 1626, 1626,  and  1627 :  M.P.for  Yorkshire  In  the 
Long  parliament,  1640  :  commanded  parlUunentarlans  in 
Yorkshire,  1642;  defeated  on  Adwalton  Moor,  1643; 
governor  of  Hull,  1648-4  ;  commanded  infantry  at  Mar- 
ston  Moor,  1644 ;  governor  of  York  from  1644  to  1646 : 
r^gned,  1646.  [xviU.  132] 

FAISFAX,  FERDINANDO  (/.  1697X  son  of  Brian 
Fairfax  the  elder  [q.  v.]  ;  educated  at  Westminster ;  B.A. 
Trinity  College,  CHunbridge,  1697.  [xviU.  130] 


THOMAS    (1667 ?-1729),    gardener; 

c  1690.  as  nurseryman  and  florist  at  Hoxton  ; 
experiments   which  helped   to  establish   the 

sex  in  plants:  first  to  produce  scientifically  an 
ybhil ' ;  published  '  The  Cnty  Ganlener,'  1722, 
>oted  to  *  Catalogue  of  Trees  and  Shrubs  pro- 
u-  London,'  published  1730.     [SuppL  11. 198] 


Sir  guy  id.  1496),  judge ;  member  of 
Gray's  Inn,  1463 :  king's  aerjeant,  1468 ;  recorder  of  York, 
1476 :  judge  of  king's  bench,  1477 ;  chief-justice  of  Lan- 
caster onder  Edward  Y.  [xvilL.  133] 


lOJSQK. 


[See  also  Featley.] 


'MUQK,  RICHARD  (1621-1682),  uoncon- 
ine  ;  son  of  Samuel  Falrclough  ( 1694-1677) 
L  and  fellow  of  Emmanuel  College,  Cambridge ; 
vixe  fiemum  in  Somerset ;  rector  of  Mells, 
sd  by  the  Act  of  Uniformity.        [xvllU  127] 

LOUOH,  SAMUEL  (1694-1677),  noncon- 
vine :  B.A.  Queens*  Ck>Uege,  CJambridgc : 
Lynn  Regis,  1619 ;  cited  by  the  bishop  of 
IT  cwoitting  the  sign  of  the  cross  In  baptism  : 
rtor  of  Bamardlston,  1628 ;  rector  of  Kediug- 
1663  :  signed  tlie  petition  of  1646 :  ejectaL 
tsbed  *  The  Pastor's  L^acy,'  1663,  and  other 

[xviii.  128] 

[AUOE,  SAMUEL  (1626?-1691X  ejected 
eUow  of  Cains  Ctollege,  Cambridge;  ejected 
ctory  of  Houghton  Conquest,  1662. 

[xvUl.  129] 
iX,  BLACKERBY  (Jl.  1728),  physician  ;  son 
d  Fairfax  [q.  v.] ;  M.A.  (Corpus  Christl 
uabrlige,  1693:  M.D.,  1728;  M.D.  Leyden, 
rt^an  in  the  navy :  wrote  on  the  *■  Union,' 
irtwd  *  Oratio  Apologetica  pro  Re  Herbaria 
icoi  Matbematioos,'  1718.  [zviiL  137] 


:,  HENRY  (1688-1666X  friend  of  George 
Herbert;  son  of  Thomas,  first  baron  Falr&tx  [q.  v.]; 
fellow  of  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  1608 ;  took  part  in 
the  unsuccessful  movement  to  obtain  a  university  for  the 
north,  c.  1640 ;  rector  of  Bolton  Percy,  1646-60. 

[xviii.  134] 
FAIRFAX,  HENRY  (1634-1702).  dean  of  Norwich ; 
son  of  Charles  Fairfax  (1697-1673)  [q.  v.] ;  D.D.  Mag- 
dalen College,  Oxford,  1680 ;  senior  fellow,  1687 ;  signed 
petition  to  James  II  agahist  decree  naming  Anthony 
Farmer  [q.  v.]  president,  9  April  1687;  expelled  from 
Magdalen,  October  1687 :  restored,  1688 ;  dean  of  Nor\vich, 
1689-1702.  [xvUL  134] 


:,  JOHN  (1623-1700),  ejected  minister ;  B.A. 

Corpus  Christi  College,  Cambridge;  fellow,  1646-60; 
rector  of  Barklng-cum-Needham,  1660-62 ;  ejected,  1662 ; 
in  charge  of  nonconformist  congregation  at  Ipswich, 
1680-6,  of  Presbyterians  alone,  1687-1700;  published 
sermons.  [xvliL  136] 

FAISFAX,  JOHN  ( 1 804-1877 X  journalist  and  member 
of  legislative  council.  New  South  Wales ;  emigrated,  1838, 
being  unable  to  pay  costs  of  suit  arising  out  of  his 
Leamington  journal ;  bought  '  Sydney  Morning  Herald,' 
1841 :  sole  proprietor  of  '  Sydney  Herald,'  1863 :  member 
of  legislative  council,  1874-7.  [xviU.  136] 


:,  NATHANIEL  (1637-1690),  divine  and 
physician  ;  M.A.  Corpus  Christl  Ck>llege,  Cambridge,  1661 ; 
ejected  from  perpetual  curacy  of  Willisham,  1662 ;  MJ). 
Leyden,  1670 :  published  *  A  Treatiie  of  the  Balk  and 
Selvedge  of  the  World,*  1674.  [xvUi.  187J 


York.  1716. 

FAIRFAX,    THOUAS. 


!(lSW-lt4a);employnl 


dlplpQiatic 
-•  before  Kouf 
edBanmFiu 
t  DvutoD,  YDTkBhlre,  u 


FAIRFAX,    THOM*a.  tl 


I;  Chinked  br  pvllun 


1    Pdvd    Bl^lEUt  hi!  W 


FAIBFISU),  OHABI.BB  (IT«i;.iaMk  P^Ms: 
EotriHl  psInUngs  ol  Duicb  ud  Ftainlili  mHtm;  U 
orlgliul  plctum  aailoemllj  Bceleotad.      [irtiL  UI] 

FAIBHOUi.  CHABLEfl  (l»«-l«f).     [ta  fm, 

OBAnVKB.] 

FAmHOLT,    FRKIIElllCK   WILLIAM  (ISH-UB), 

Isl»  TdDlnlllit  of  ^K'iLt\    i,(  AtU;   UlDEtntad  CIiiIb 
Knl^bl't  publlatliirii,   il.>ir>well'i  '%r  John   Uiiab' 


[..ULlll] 
l§01-lg»),  lltbognpbai^ 
Rojtl  AcMlnB)' ;  '  Bipi)«ri 


. Wotmluls,  tic  otts  of 

MsfjUod.  [irtlL  IH] 

FAXiaORHE,  WILLIAlfcUis  jmnjger  (lM«-imi !(. 


Tlrgii 


„ of  WUItam  FWthonw  (be  el 

tq.  I.] ;   gngrnTal  portrait*  o(  Qdicd  Anne,  Cbtita  I. 
tmrla  n.  sDi  John  mjAai.  [irUL  Uf] 

FALCOHBEBO  <j[  FALODHXKISOI,  (be  Bmim 
«.  1!M|.    (SoeBiiEAtrrfcFsLKKiiitl 

FALOOKBE&O  or  FALOOBSHHO,  BiBTUPM 

(d.  H71).     ISfB  FaLvciSBKFO.THOICH.) 

FAIAOHBSnmX,  AL£XANDEB(tf.l»I),linpii: 


jequuChed  tweuty-^bt  maDCPEorlpt^  i< 


;.  fm  Torlnlilre 


.  UnopuiJ't  caumnl ;  diiinlnal,  ITM.  [nlU.  IK) 

I  FALOonBIDOX,  ANNA  MAKIA  (j(.  ITM),  wlb  << 
Aleissds  PKtoonbrldge  [q.  v.] ;  poblMigd  UUUi)- 
graphical  ^  NkryUh,'  dffemUng  tbe  ut«  toad*  and  rtdf- 
I  CLUiQg  bET  dad  biubwid,  1T>L  t'TlU.  IH] 

FALCOVER,   ALBXANDRB,  BaBor  FAUmtB  e> 

I    HALKKnTOITN  (,^.  1B71X  Jl^"^'  nn*lnan  >««*    iif  ■I^IM 

1»»  ai- — -- 


bl>  nutental  «Ut«  of  tbe  Nortticrn  Neck  In  Virginia 
1147 :  tnliied  aod  eicoarageil  the  joung  0«orgE  Wavikng 

Ooniwftllls,  1781.  [Iirlii.  U»l 

FAIHFAZ,    SIR    WILLIAM    (l«0».l»t4),    Kildler 

'"■    '- -       ■     Sontwicb   aod  Mam 


1,  IM-t,  and  b 


.t  Camperdowii,  1707 ;   Ijjigt 


d  tM(-r: 

n  OoU^  of  Jamais  lua,  lor  l»Tti( 
'■■  Teappolaled.  1«0:  oo- 

[iTiu.  iu; 


J  laid  of  jiuticiiry.  1S78 :  pmldeot  M  ■nrion,  leSX ;  M^.. 
;  EorTanhlTT.  1G86:  lord  of  tbe  artldci :  soUmcad  decWoa 

[jifUU  U7) 
FALOOVBB.  BDUUND  (Ieu-1B7«X  actor  aod  dn- 

Diatlst:  nalljKOiiuNDO'HonRKi!;  wiMa 'Tbe Oi«at. v 
Hnrt  for  Hnrt,'  a  dnma.  acted  at  Lroauoi,  IBM ;  maiaair 

o[  Ljceum,  IMS-l  and  1M1-)  :  hli  Iriib  •iimnm.'Vmptf 

ODtgoQKry  I  Dh;.  played  In  LoodoD  from  NotoDberlMl  till  DflDCBOber 
TllL  ISO]  :  ISei :  ]olnt-)eaHe  of  Dnirj  Lane,  lBeI-«  :  attempted  to 
M-mii  1  E?Pi>l»ri«  SbakmpeMBBn  drama;  opened  Her  XajtM;^ 
la-iBia),     ^iictre.  Haydartol,  with  'Oonagh,'  ISM;  spptutd  al 


a  bj  Jimi:    , 

U,    UUA  [ITIU,   liS] 

I,  HtlOH  (ISIM-IMI),  psleODiolfttlet  unl 
AtKRlm,  IBM;   HJ).  Hdlnbarsh,  lESi: 

iQ  en  Eke  BMt  Indii  OompuiiiV  Bcogtl 
1090;   lapflrintoidBit  of  tbe  SbbAnDpur 

.  im;   dbwonnd  tnmii  wamnmiM  mai 

Ik  hllto.  IS91 ;  MpnlDtcDded  mimuticiiue 
tab  IRM :  dlKonnd  UBtoUli  ot  com- 
of  AalAv :  nppoliitrd  lo  floperinteod  tr- 

uma  AnUaDK  Slraknita^'  1840;  prillvaBT 
J    OoUegF.   lM8-(t  :  pTDVed 


TALDO,  JOH>'  ntlS-iaMl.iiouconloniiiitnitnlita; 
puUr  Kt  Fluteren'  Ball.  AUerDiuban.  Itat-gO.  Mit 
'Qnikwiim  UD  Ohriitlmlt/,'  le7t,  M  U  ui  ■ninutal  - 
amtnxony  with  WUUun  l-eno.  [itlU.  1W] 

rALX,  THOMAS  (/.  1<D4),  mUwiiistlclu ;  MJL 
Oorpiu  CbrliU  Oidl(g«  Osmbrtdge,  ItSS  ;  B.D^  IHT  ; 
UoBWd  phjiLoUn.  loot.  Hh  '  Hgrelsfrlaenphla '  (lt») 
onCaina  wbit  Is  jitubibl;  the  arllnl  tclgonomelrtiiil 
Mde  prtntal  Is  BngUnl.  [iiUL  leS] 

ARD    (IKIt-IRIMl   •n'hilia*'     ii^ 

a  <17M 


^  itwUeil  irahltKtarm]  mnslu 


1    Kgjpt: 


18H)  CD.  » 
ictqrmj  mna 

pTRTLRAr,  189»r  pabii«h8d"«orta  nlstLng  i. 
[Snppl 

I.   Yl»COD<ll&   .  [as    GlBI.    Bll 


t  OT  FALKNZH,  JOUIJ  <le77-18H), 
M  St.  tUiT'B  HnU  and  OUnoHUr  Hall, 
eipedltloa  of  Bnex  to  Spain ;  profened 

m,  lela :  «nif(«or  &t  U^  and  Bbeot ; 

i  WBrdoor  OaAlet  where  he  w»e  chanlaiD. 

d  hAgioloelca]  uul  (tevDtioDAl 


Ant    V&tcOTTWT,    d,    ]i 

SALKLUnt,  BLIZA  BBTH,  T  iBComns  ( UM-ll 


t,  RAHSLE 


;  phytldui  to 


II,  lell 


I,  THOMAS  (i;j8-lTM).Qliiirt™lichDlw: 
iBruauKCMlig«.OiIord,I7M:  bairlgtar, 
1760;  hifl  'Obvrrmtloafl  on  PUn^'B  jK«mqt 
of  DIuia  tt  Bi^aoi'  pnbllihtd,  1704.  4nl 
Tibls'  pnbUahel.  1786  :  ktt  owtnliU  tor 


[S» 


.    JOBS    (1I77-I«K>      [See    fticosai, 

tUXra,  THOMAS  (17lff-lJ81X  ifflu"  rnHBooiT, 
ftorgvm  on  boud  a  liare  ehip  ;  DorH^ClLrougb  an  lUtun 
bj  BuBQOi  Attv  tvoltK,  l?St;  }«alt  mlasSoiuTj  in 
Pusgiuy  UKl  Tu^ii  man :  eipcUed  f  mm  South  Ameriix  u  ■ 
jaolt,  17ES  ;  joJQol  lEi;^LUb  proTlDce.  r.  1771 :  wrote  on 
iHdicLDe  and  uatunl  hSfltorjr  of  South  Amolca. 

[XTlil.  IMJ 

FAUCmB,  WILLIAM  (^.  ItBl).  dltln*;  M.A.  F«eT' 
houK,  Uambrjdge,  lUIS;  rector  of  Qloutord,  ie7>-n; 
D.D.  Ounbridge.  IMD:  units  In  defeow  of  thecboRhof 
Bnglaoil.  [I  Till.  170  J 

TALLZ.  PHiLu>  (lew-ntix  hiBiQiiui  of  Jnwr: 
Dative  of  Jeney ;  eoter^  at  Bxeter  CoUege,  Oifoni. 
iee«;    M^.  Albu  HaU.  1678:   IncombeDt  of  Trlnltj 

iMIMTIMTdEpul.ri  hi  SUtea  of  Joney  to  reqoeel  Wfl- 
Uam  lll'i  protectlDD,  1698;  kiOK'e  chaplain,  IflM;  pr«- 
bendaiy  of  Dnihuo.  1700  :  bli  chief  woik,  ui  '  Accouot 
■ ■  ■  1714).  [ivIII.WOJ 

College.  Cam- 

^r  Bi.  Oorrini  Ohrtitl 

ibdd«e ;  U.A„  1816 ; 

—  nUimcd  for  Capa 

longltode,  1890; 


t,  WILLIAM  rini-lBSC), 
of  Tboma!  Falconer  a'T>-19M)  [q.  '-] ; 
lid.  Oifonl,  lUS;  U.A^  1997:  ^atrnD 
a  OoUege.  18»7:  unlTerdn  mathematlral 
:-i   and   ISSI-a  :    rartOT  of  BuBhev.  1S3R- 

"vi.T-i6r"]" 
r.   FBTBB  [PIERRE  BTIEHNB]  (1T41- 


■Bobii'i  Olanlcal 


BDMUHD  DOnOLAB  TEITOH  (IMJ- 
.      -■--■——  collega,  O.ford: 

__    _  tater  at  Belgrade, 

lsn-\W) :  K.O.M.O.,  IBM.  [Bnppl.  IL  SOO] 

FAVX.  FBANOIE.  Brn  Sinnv  Bcboherbb  and  Onl 
BiBL  o»  WmTioausD  (I183-1GI8).  son  o(  sir  Thomas 
Fan.  [q.  t.]  :  tB_  1603  :  cnated  eail,  HM.  [iTllL  ISO] 
fAMS.  SiH  PRAMCISCil,  IGS»?),a»inaUn:  grand- 

K.B,,  I860:  bBincaihBl  money  forOlveslon  poor;  wrote 
'Lore  In  the  Dark'  (cotnedy),  1676,  'Tbe  aaerlfln' 
(tragedy),  1«8«.  and  a  nuuqOB.  [icrllL  171] 


FANE 


418 


FARADAY 


PAKE,  FRANOIS  WILLIAM  HSKRT,  twelfth  Earl 
DF  Westmorland  (1836-1891),  edacHted  at  WeBtminater 
and  Saudbanit :  ensign,  1843 ;  lieatoiant,  1844 ;  captain, 
1848 ;  served  in  India  and  Oimea ;  O.B.,  1865  ;  succeeded 
to  earldom,  1869  ;  retired  as  colonel,  1880. 

[SappL  iL  SOI] 

FAHS,  Sir  HENRY  (1778-1840X  general:  comet, 
179S:  captain,  179S:  M.P.,  Lyme  Bejgis,  1796-1818; 
colonel  and  aide-de-camp  to  the  king,  1806:  tamed 
Labonie'8  right  at  Bolifa,  1808 ;  major-general,  1810 ;  de- 
feated VlUatte,  1818:  fought  at  Vlttoria,  1813,  and 
Orthes,  1814;  colonel,  1814;  lieutenant-general,  1819; 
Q.O.B.,  1826  :  MJ^.,  Sandwich,  1889  ;  commander-in-chief 
in  India,  1836 :  aeciUQd  unhindered  passage  of  RngHah 
troops  through  Bind  into  AfghanisUn,  1889  ;  died  oft  SL 
Michael's  Island  hi  the  Azores.  [xviii.  174] 

7AHE,  JOHN,  seventh  Earl  of  Wkstmorlakd 
(1682  ?-1763),  distiiigaished  himself  under  the  Duke  of 
Marlborough;  lientenant-oolond,  1710;  created  Baron 
Oatherlon^,  1788 ;  M.P.,  Hythe,  1708-10,  BucUngfaam, 
1726-7  and  1727 ;  knight  of  the  shire  for  Kent,  1716 ; 
Earl  of  Westmorland,  1786 ;  lord-lieutenant  of  Northamp- 
tonshire, 1737;  lieutenant-general  of  the  forces  of  the 
kingdom,  1739 ;  chancellor  of  Oxford  University,  1768. 

[xvUL  176] 

FAHIf  JOHN,  ninth  Earl  of  Wehtmorland  (1728- 
1774),  educated  at  Westminster;  M,P.,  Lyme  Regis,  1761 
and  1762.  [xviU.  176] 

FAHE,  JOHN,  tenth  Earl  of  Wrrtmorland  (1769- 
1841),  son  of  John  Fane,  ninth  earl  [q.  v.]  ;  educated  at 
Charterhouse  and  Emmanupl  OoUege,  Gambildge ;  BLA^ 
1778 ;  privy  coodbillor,  1789 ;  lord-lieutenant  w  Ireland, 
1790-6 ;  opposed  catholic  emancipation  ;  recalled  by  Pitt, 
1796 :  lonl  privy  seal,  1798-1827  ;  K.O.,  1793 ;  lord-Ueu- 
tenant  of  Northamptonshire  [xviii.  176] 

FAHE,  JOHN,  eleventh  Earl  of  Wkrtmorland 
(1784-1869X  son  of  John  Fane,  tenth  earl  [q.  v.]  ;  educated 
at  Harrow  and  Trinity  College,  Cambridge ;  M.A.,  1808 ; 
M.P.,  Lyme  Regis,  1806-16 :  assistant  adjutant-general  in 
Sicily,  1806-7:  served  in  Peninsula,  1808-10;  minister 
plenipotentiary  to  Florence.  1814;  LLJ).  Cambridge, 
1814 ;  signed  convention  of  Oaza  Lanza,  1816 ;  privy 
councillor,  1822 ;  D.C.L.  Oxford,  1884 ;  resident  minister 
at  Berlin,  1841-61 ;  G.C3.,  1846 ;  general,  1864 ;  founded 
Royal  Academy  of  Music,  1823 ;  musical  composer,  and 
author  of  military  memoirs.  [xviiL  176] 

FANE,  JULIAN  HENRY  CHARLES  (1827-1870)* 
diplomatist  and  poet :  son  of  John  Fane,  deventh  earl  of 
WestDOorland  [q.  v.] ;  educated  at  Harrow  and  Trinity 
College,  Cambridge:  chancellor*8  medallist,  I860:  M.A., 
1861 ;  secretary  of  legation  at  St.  Petersburg,  1866-8 ;  first 
secretary  ual  acting  charg6  d'affaires  at  Paris,  1866-7  and 
1868;  issued  *  Poems,'  1862,  and  a  translation  of  Heine, 
1864.  [xviii.  178] 

FANS,  MILDMAY,  second  Earl  of  Westmorland 
(df.  1666),  eldest  son  of  Francis  Fane,  first  eari  [q.  v.] ; 
educated  at  Emmanuel  Oillege,  Cambridge  ;  M.P.  Peter- 
borough, 1621 ;  K.B.,  1626 ;  fined  and  sequestrated  by  par- 
liament, 1642;  his  ftequestration  discharged,  1644;  joint 
lord-lieutenant  of  Northamptonshire,  1660  :  privately 
printed  '  Otia  Sacra,*  1648,  and  left  manuscript  poems. 

[xvilL  178] 

FAHE,  PRISCILLA  ANNE,  Counted  of  Webtmor- 
lan'D  (1798-1879),  artist:  n^  WeUesley-Pole ;  married 
John  Fane,  afterwards  eleventh  Earl  at  Westmorland 
[q.  v.],  1811 :  exhibited  at  various  institutions,  1883-41, 
1842,  and  1867.  [xviii.  179] 

FAHE  or  YAHE,  Sir  RALPH  (tf.  1662X  alleged  con- 
spirator ;  knighted  before  Boulogne,  1644 :  fought  at 
Musselburgh,  1647 :  knight-banneret,  1647 ;  charged  with 
conspiring  to  murder  Northumberland,  1661 ;  executed. 

[xviii.  179] 

FAHS,  ROBERT  GEORGE  CECIL  (1796-1864X  bank- 
raptcy  commissioner  :  educated  at  Charterhouse ;  matri- 
culated at  Balliol  College,  Oxford,  1818 ;  demy  and  fellow, 
Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  1824-86  ;  M.A.,  1819 ;  barrister, 
Lincoln's  Inn,  1821 :  a  commissioner  of  the  *  Thirteenth 
Li^t,*  1828 :  a  commissioner  of  bankraptcy,  1831 :  wrote 
mainly  on  bankruptcy  reform.  [xviii.  179] 

FAHE,  Sir  THOMAS  (<L  1689),  politician ;  attainted 
for  sliare  in  Wyi^'s  rebellion,  but  pardoned,  1664; 
kiUglited,  1673;  deputy-commissioner  for  breeding  of 
horses  in  Kent,  1680.  [xviii.  180] 


FAHELLI,  FRANCESCO  (A  1610-1666). 
native  of  Florence ;  worked  in  metal  in  KnglsiMi ;  i^ 
himself  Scultore  del  Re  della  Gxmn  Bictagna :  nibbM 
engravings,  1642.  [xvuL  W] 


FAHHIHO,  EDMUND  0737-1818).  coUnial  i 
bom  in  Long  Island ;  graduate  of  Yale,  1767 :  ookMl  d 
militia.  North  (Carolina,  1768 ;  member  of  tbelegiilitai: 
compelled  to  leave  North  C!arolina  (1771)  for  Ui  bii1> 

eractioes  when  recorder  of  deeds ;  surveyor-genenI,in4: 
i.C.L.  Oxford,  1774 ;  lieutenant-governor  of  NovsBeetis, 
1788-7,  of  the  island  of  St.  John,  1787-99.  of  PriM 
Edward  island,  1799-1804 ;  British  general,  180& 

[xviiim] 
FAHBHAWE,  ANNE,  Ladt  (1<S6-1<80),  mk  JSuA- 
son ;  wife  of  Sir  Richard  Fanshawe  Tq.  v.] ;  UttaiM. 
singor,  and  French  scholar ;  shared  in  all  her  hmbsaffi 
wanderings  and  (Uplomatic  missions ;  refused  ofv  if 
pension  from  the  Spanish  government  <m  cooditioD  of 
becoming  a  cattioUc,  1666 ;  wrote  memoir  of  Sir 
Richard  Fanshawe,  1676  (first  printed  in  1829). 

[xvUL  184] 
FAHSHAWE,  CATHERINE  MARU.  (1766-18M\ 
poetess  :  exchanged  verses  with  Cowper  ;  commended  bj 
Boott ;  beet-known  poem,  a  riddle  on  the  letter  H :  eevcrri 
of  her  pieces  inchided  in  Joanna  Baillie*s  *CaUectlen' 
(1828).  [xvUL  182] 

FAHSHAWE,  Sir  HENRY  (1669?-1616X  reaM» 
brancer  of  the  exchequer;  eoir  of  Thomas  Fanihsve 
[q.  v.] ;  student  of  the  Inner  Ttinple,  1686 ;  vemaaibniwer, 
1601 :  M.P.,  Westbury,  1688  and  1698,  BorougfateUp. 
1697 :  knighted,  16U3  ;  f  rieml  of  Prinoe  Henry :  hortkol- 
tnrist  and  Italian  scholar.  [xviiL  lit] 

FAHSHAWE,  Sir  RICHARD  (1608-1666X  dipto- 
matist  and  author:  son  of  Sir  Henxy  Fanshawe  [q.  v.]; 
fellow-commoner,  Jesus  College,  Cambridge,  1823 ;  enftmd 
the  Inner  Temple,  1626 ;  given  *  credentials  for  ^pain '  bf 
Charles  1, 1647 ;  ordered  to  Sp^n  to  procure  mon^  for 
the  king's  cause,  1660;  created  baronet,  1660;  takes 
prisoner  at  tnttle  of  Worcester,  1661 ;  noaster  of  reaoMtt 
and  Latin  secretary  to  Prince  Charles  at  the  Hague,  16M; 
M.P.,  Cambridge  University,  1661 :  privy  oonnciner  of 
Irdand,  1662:  ambassador  to  Portugal,  1662-8:  piivT 
oounciUor,  1668:  ambassador  to  Spain,  1664-4;  reesDed 
(1666)  for  compromising  the  home  government;  died  st 
Madrid;  left  unpublished  poems.  His  published  werin 
include  translations  of  Onarini's  *  Pastor  Fldoi,*  1647,  sad 
of  Camoens's  *  Lusiad,*  1666.  [xviiL  184] 

FAHSHAWE,  THOMAS  (1680  ?-1601XremeaEilvaDoe 
of  the  exchequer  ;  of  Jesus  Odlege,  Cambridge,  and  thi 
Middle  Temple :  remembrancer.  1668 ;  MJP^  Bye,  1671 
and  Arundel ;  M.P.,  Much  Wenlock,  1697 ;  wrote '  Pndae 
of  the  Exchequer  C>>urt'  (published,  1668)  and  *A 
Answer  .  .  .  concerning  the  Lord  Treasurer's  OfBoe.' 

[xvUL  181] 

FAHSHAWE,  Sir  THOMAS,  first  Vdcouxt  Fas 
SRAWB  of  Dromore,  in  the  peerage  of  Ireland  ^696-1666 
remembrancer  of  the  exchequer,  1616  ;  son  of  Sir  Henr 
Fanshawe  [q.  v.1;  K.B.,  1626;  M.P.  for  Hertfbrd,  162 
1626,  and  1640 :  M.P.,  Lancaster,  1626  and  1628 ;  toagfatfc 
Charles  I  at  Edgehill,  1642;  sequestrated,  1642;  creatt 
Viscount  Fanshawe,  1661 ;  M.P^  Hertfordshire,  1661. 

[xviiL  190] 

FAHSHAWE,  THOMAS,  second  Vi8tH>uarr  Fa* 
RHAWS,  in  the  peerage  of  Ireland  (1689-1674).  son  of  8 
Thomas  Fanshawe,  first  viscount  [q.  v.] :  M.A.  Txinil 
College,  Cambridge;  K.B.,  1661;  remembrancer,  1661 
MJ>.,  Hertford,  1661-74.  [xrUL  190] 

FABADAT,  MICHAEL  (1791-1867),  natural  pha 
sopher;  apprenticed  to  Riebau,  a  London  bookaeUi 
1804 :  ennged  by  Sir  Humphry  Davy  as  assistant,  < 
showinginterost  in  science,  1812 ;  travelled  as  Dav) 
amanuensis  in  France,  Switzerland,  Italy,  and  the  Tjn 
1813-18 ;  treated  as  a  menial  by  Lady  Davy  ;  pahliebi 
in  the '  Quarterly  Journal  of  Solience  *  analysis  m  canst 
lime  from  Tuscany,  1816;  professed  Sandemanianin 
1821 ;  wrote  *  History  of  the  Progress  of  Ekctro-Ma 
netism,*  1821;  analysed  hydrate  of  chlorine,  therel 
facilitating  Davy's  (uscovery  of  chlorine.  1823 ;  liqoeft 
chlorine  and  other  gases ;  announced  discovery  of  bena 
1826:  Bakerian  lecturer.  1829;  the  chromatrope  so 
gested  by  his  paper  *0n  a  Peculiar  Clasa  of  OpCk 
Deceptions,'  1831 ;  discovered  magncto-eleotricity,  183 
regarded  position  of  iron  filings  round  a  magnet  as  deto 


laUbllihed 
paMon  ;  oriiriiukt 

LCDOTt.  L)"1U-  IWJ 

,  JOHN  (IfM-lSM),  R«tiHlat:  aonwlUnic 
d  iHilaglit  Id  Lonloi,  1809,  Mlonlng  WUIUtm 
idpla:  pabUrliol  'Bamtf  at  the  County  ot 
-it  and  tctmtiflo  pkpen.  [itUI.  M*] 

»I-ie61X  cItU 


B,  FREDERICK  JOHN  (1M7' 
jiaealaayiE  of  HUQH  Cokwat  ;  i 
1  lasS  :  hU  Bnt  Etary  publitliel 
81 :  publlEbal '  CUlBl  Back.'  u  highly 


FABNHAH 

AHTBONY  (/I.  1087),  praM^nl-dsrigiuM 
3UEgB,  Oitord  :  outrlcalBted  at  St.  John'* 
rW*t  1B7S ;  Mholar  of  Trlnitj  CoII«?b, 
16;  H.A..  \eaO:  ioined  MlgdalFD  Hall. 
o  mtgrsl*  to  Mtgdilm  Colle(fe. 


of  Ua«d>l« 
OoU^t  Can 
Cambridge. 

1«M,  belDg  a"ill»oi\ltrlr  ai  . ^ 

rKiinfii>t«l  b;  Jams  II  to  praldsscy  of  Ua^dalRi.  leg;  ; 
shirgEa  brougtat  agalutblto  by  the  fellowiinbtiUin  dated. 


OBOHOK  (lT31-i;7tX 
■at  IikUes  and  OD  botne  > 
riot  aC  Korurleb,  DM  ; 
the  TcpreKntationi  ( 


k,  irn ;  m 


.    [Set  aUo  f  iMiica.] 


FAiUrWORTH 


,™l»rj<, 


■™il;  fcnightoa,  i ._. 


w  wnt^'  a  t»inaly ;  ptoduoai  '  Love  und  ■  BottlF,'  Itib 
Uie  ■GoiWlniit  Oouple.-  171X1,  -Sir  H»ny  WUiiaIr,' 17cJ 
■The  InconsMnlJ,'  1701,  "The  Twin  BiTlK' 17M.  'Tl 
atsge  OdiLCb,'  I7H,  ■Tin  RccTDiting  OIBsb.'  17LI6,  u 


Wolvrmn  oonfersHB,  It 

ottrtMOttlMbihlB--*  — 


__1  18TO:  (._. 
IuUkI  blfloTT- 


[I' 


TiXBX,  AttTHUR  a<11-l«8T),  oMI. 
son  ai  JobD  Biohard  ram  [q.  T.) ;  tdoomUil  b 
boUH!  Hud  Ciiiu  OoUeec  Oimbrldge:  xuiU 
BarUidtomm^  Huapiul ;  Il.D.  Cambndgt,  leil ; 
or  oMtctrio  medioins  U  Klng^  OoUcga  mad  ■ 
mowaebnr  to  K  WiOollcgs  Hosi^tsl.  im-tS :  < 
Unyul  OdOtae  of  PbTahniiu  l  BBrr^u  aistor, 
imincr  In  lOHwifery,  Roj>]  CcUe^  of  SurffHui? 
, . „ u,  Queen  Vidorta.   [i» 


FABItE, 


Oimonde  hHl  promlAsd  him. 


(1751 -18H),  mllllonnil 
CHdst  on  Bomlw;  »Mbl!< 
ntpowdjT  f««orj  B[  Pulii 
iait,  >Dt«qoeDt[r  k-I^  « 
,  Pirqnbar  li   OD.'f    a^ft 


rrsiiCNewwn! 


ildflnt,  GollE^  of  PfajaLoiuu.  1§ 


FARBX,  JOHN  RICRAHD  (177e~ISC2).  p 
dition,  17VB:  pnotlKrI  u  plijtlciHa  bi  B*rb«il 
LoDiion  Opbthabnic  Hnapkul,  and  phjrticlui  th 


(17t9t-lB»),iuiln«:  kp 
Ihe  origin*]  Nbhot  Lovr 
appeared  at  Dnu7  l^ne. 


FAKftlTHAS.  Sin  WALTER  (173S-1S1S).  ph7<ilrlnii 
UJL  Klng'f  Colh«m.  Abankn:  nadied  DietllaiMD  i 
BdinboTKli  and  Gloigow ;  trmy  ■urgeon  In  Howe 
upedlUon.  1761 :  H.D.  Abodan,  IJM:  I.R,C.P.,  179e 
oiHled  baronel,   17W;    pbjilolaD   in  iwdliiiiry    lo  It 

FAKAHSASflOir.  JAUE3  (118I-1B4SI.  nlentlll 
writer;  M.A.  Eing'i  OoUige,  Aberdeen.  ITH;  minlneri 
.i-__j    ■<!■•.  .___■  _ — __  t^. — w_  ^  derelopm*   " 


1.  ISSr  :  pDbliihftI  'A  New 


;  L1..D.  KlDK'g  Coilege, 
"~  '"—raiion  of  llie 

FAXailHASSDK,  JOHN  {18M-W8SX  i"nit :  'Iivllfd 
at  §aFla  OoileeB.  Donay.  I7n:  minioiHr  in.  ^coUand: 

iDdlocUug  work  oBsigTial  to  Oaalan,  wblgb  wu  dn»-ilAi 
(177«)  In  elie  Boot*  ColKse,  Doua;.  and  fofBOtUb  ;  !l  wan 
not  known  id  Maopberetm.  [xviiU  »6] 

FABB,SA>fTIBL(I741-17flt).  pbytldan:  edbcKlel  »l 
Edtnbar((h  ;  M.D.  I^yden,  17M;  tninglatid  Hipponnw'a 
'  HisIoTT  of  Eplilenii™' ;  and  wrole  on  Dtriinl  toplot. 
[Jivifl.  W6] 
Mldan:  itodlcd 


YAJL&,  WILLIAM  O80T-1B8!),  I 
mrtidne  »t  I-arlfc  18W-J1 ;  r^^_  ,»«;  ,« 
■  KW  Klemw  tij  hi<  ■Vital  SlatMtca '  In  llm 
'AooooDt  of  Ibe  Britlsli  E:nipire.'  1817:  i-^i 
■batiuta  in  r<Kittnir-BenFrm|-a  offlre.  lgM-7»: 
UJ).  New  loA.  1m;;   P.ha.  i»5t ;  bonor.i' 

dml  of  Htatlitlral  Eioolsty.  1H71  and  lB7i;^^ 
relinii  fnun  p^hlio»^Tio^  1B7S.  A  aeleotloaof 
waa  edited  by  Noel  Hnmphreyi,  188S,  [nv; 

FAHXAMT,  RIPHABn  (A  ISM-IMO),  c 
gcoUmn  of  tba  Cbapal  RotbI  before  1M4:  or 
fit.  Omrge'a  Chapel,    Wbidior,    IMH-*;   pme 


FAUULS,  JOHN  <  1801-1884),  pnaldeut  of  «;e»ley 

Tbeologicoi  InaCltatioiI,  RIchmoDd,  1843-U :  clinplr 
and  gonraor  of  Woodboiue  Orara  acbool.  189i>-<u< :  S  \ 
toremor  of  HwUDgiar  Oolhca,  IJvSt,  1N8-Ia ;  pi«ldc 


(irsfl-isal),  ac 

to.-U  pwte  >B  U(«  MerriUea  tind  Mlaa 
■Old  Maid':  and  br  Covest  Ganlen  n 
■ppraring  at  Drnij  l^iOB^  1818 ;  manaitn 
(IMII-S)  of    Oljmpio  IbaUna:  excelled 


it  Ametioan  war  of  Indnpmdnoe ',  c 
imanded  artillery  In  Nortli  Holland,  1 
I:  Inapector-gmeiBlof  anuierr.  If" 


IKIH :  Honorary  Dil.L,  Oiford,  18*11.             [>. 

FABXnrOTOir,  Sm  WTLLIAU  (Jt.  llliX" 
a^^fw  t*Wng'^'ironr.ide"l3^'b?^ 

FISMW.  JOSEPH  (IBM'-IMSX  none 
dlTina:  HJL  Macdaleaa  Coilea*.  (Jambridgt ; 
John  Looke:  prlTala  tator;  ep(»»pall]>  ordai 
loin  in  Tarious  mimtu  (anilllea.                     [. 

r*8I0tr.  Sir  JOHN  {13r87-lMBJ,  Bamor 
".vner;  undertook  to  «t«  Henn-  V  in  Fnu 

Con.l^ur-NoittM,  U17:  knlghWdheforelllB 

Sornandy.  14U :  gowmor  of  Anfon  and  Main 

..  _     ..         „  t  OrlMu,  liH: 

■eeuHd  of  oDmidki  for  nUwUng  at  V*U.j, 

itrndutthaTowvoB  UHDattenkalOiide'i 
MM :  bidU  omUc  u  CWiur,  hia  Uitliplus  j 
iS  nHton  (1431-11H)[q.T.l,  MUiOTof  Uh 
><•*  of  (fa*  -FHtra  Idtun':  oooIrlbutHl 
sat  Ounbiiilgsi 


1,  liM-1 :  |d>]ied  In  csupuy  Krttfa 
s  pAfU  iDQlniliig  OouUncs  ('  lUnr  Joba  '^ 
■to*  OHmiT  Vtr"   "—■ ■— —   n_.-.. 


Fbdpi't  UkOcUi  u  Her  H^tmcfi.  II 


htelily 

.  died  at  WUu  ;  ]iubUib«il 
UHlnliLkMipbhMlwDrlu,  writing  idiw  Ob  PollBh 
eoofHluUcal  dliiHiitonk  [xr\u.  M7] 


I  I'i.  •.Jiuia  Blr  linuiclJ 

ipriuiedj.    [irUi.  a*' J 

lY  (17M-1HHI,  banker  iuhI 

r".  baiik  ul  UtiOu  Elbbald  * 

-ested  (IBM)  (or  IrauduluUy 


dpaJ  Scorsisr]'  ot  tiuie,'  IMi  (i 

rAUlTTLBKOT,  HBNBY 
forgpr  i  partoer  Jd  hi  ■-■■--■ 
Co^  LoiuLoii,  IHUT-la 

tliei^^ot  ksopiiw  up  t^*^ 
BiBcubad,  tbtMi^b  uuiiiunHU  pet 

FATiaVIEK  ntANOIa 
gv  »  or  rvl    a        RS 

V  rginla.  d  HO   ed  Vb^ 


■I  tiKnL  aod  plqaan  mmpbleta 
oircb  aid  Rata. 

■M.BK 

AM  N  RAW     MSO 

xMMl^ 

I  Ibe  It03al  AcadEmr  rn 

RX,     G 

EORQB    (1«M?-17T1>, 

_, , „  _jrL"j  paoipblgl  « 

to  SsiaDt  BetUawortb.  17] 
lurdxn'i  '  Pamela,'  II4I ;  acknowledgal  b. 
•rflakl.  Tioerof  at  Inland,  ai  hli  auChoritatW 
"  '         "--Ln  pabUfatloo  of  Rlobaidooa'a  "^' 


a,ti      Lafgoly  CO 
FAUSSETT 

Wlow  ol  Oorpoi  btaiini  College,   C«mbTldt(e  :   f 
idluu  u>  Oantfl-biiry  d> 

or  Of-  IKX)).     [See  liJ 


Marjr    Magdalen-i 
lavjer  aod  ph^elcla 


the  ILippoart  ! 

College,  Maa-  i 

—  --...Ibi  a  : 

luoghttf  I 


FAWOETT 


432 


FEABN 


f  AWOSTT,  HENRT  (183S-1884X  stateBman;  edu- 
rated  at  King's  Oollege  ScImoI,  London,  and  PeterbouBe, 
Oambridge ;  B.A.  Trinity  Hall,  Gambridge,  1866 ;  fellow  of 
Trinity  Hall,  1866 ;  stodeot  at  Lincoln's  Inn,  1864 ;  lost 
his  eyesight  by  a  shooting  accident,  1868;    published 

*  Manual  of  Political  Economy,'  1863 ;  professor  of  politi- 
cal economy  at  Oambridge,  1863-81 ;  i9»ned  paraphlet8  in 
favour  of  proportional  representation,  1860 ;  liberal  M.P. 
for  Brighton,  after  many  defeats,  1866 ;  Uurgely  contri- 
buted to  paatilng  oi  Reform  Bill  of  1867 ;  re-elected  for 
Brighton,  1868 ;  M.P.,  Hackney,  1874 ;  obtained  appoint- 
ment of  oommltteeis  upon  Indian  finance,  1871-3  and  1874 ; 
popularly  known  as  the  'member  for  India* ;  advocated 
decided  action  in  the  matter  of  the  Bulgarian  atrocities, 
1876 ;  co-operated  with  Lord  Lawrence  in  tryhig  to  make 
tlie  Afghan  war  unpopular ;  re-elected  for  Hackney,  1880 : 
postmaster-general  in  Gladstone's  second  administration, 
1880;   established  the   parods   post,  188S:    introduced 

*  stamp  slip  deposits '  acheme ;  doctor  of  political  econon^, 
WUrzburg,  1888 ;  F.RS.,  I88S ;  oorrc^pondUig  member  of 
the  Institute  of  France,  1881 ;  honorary  LLJ).  Qlasgow, 
and  lord  rector,  1883;  a  consistent  follower  of  John 
Stuart  Mill.  Most  of  his  Cambridge  lectures  on  political 
economy  subeoquently  appeared  in  book  form. 

[xvUi.  S63] 
FAWOETT,  JAMES  (1762-1831),  Nonisian  professor 
at  Cambridge ;  M. A.  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  1777 ; 
Constable  fellow,  1777  ;  Lady  Maurguet's  preacher,  178S ; 
B.D.,  1786 ;  Norrisian  professor  of  divinity,  1796-1816 ; 
vicar  of  St.  Sepulchre's,  Cambridge,  and  (1801-31)  rector 
of  Tbunsfonl  and  (Ireat  Snoring.  [xviiL  267] 

FAWOETT,  JOHN  (</.  1793),  actor ;  played  at  Dniry 
Lane  and  Oovent  Qarden,  and  in  Dublin.      [xviiL  268] 

FAWOETT,  JOHN  (1740-1817),  baptist  theologian; 
baptist  minister  at  ELalifax ;  D.D. ;  best  known  by  his 

*  Devotional  Commentary  on  the  Holy  Scriptures,*  1  Hll. 

[xviii.  267] 

FAWOETT,  JOHN  (1768-18S7X  actor  and  drama- 
tist ;  son  of  John  Fawcctt  (</.  1793)  [q.  v.] ;  entered  St. 
Paul's  School,  1776  ;  acted  in  Tate  WiUdnson's  company 
at   York,  1787 :    idayed  Jemmy  Jumps  in   O'KeefEe's 

*  Farmer,'  having  been  advised  to  devote  his  attention  to 
low  comedv ;  engaged  for  Oovent  Garden,  1791 ;  held  to 
eclipse  all  hiA  contemporaries  except  Coolkm  as  FalstafI  in 
the  *  Merry  Wives  of  Windsor,*  1796 ;  played  Dr.  Pangloss 
in  Colman's  *  Heir-at-Law,*  1797  ;  stage-manager  of  the 
Haymarkct^  1799-1802  ;  superseded  in  the  management 
of  Oovent  (harden,  1829 ;  treasurer  and  trustee  of  the 
Covent  Cranleu  Theatrical  Fund,  1808-37 ;  composed  some 
pantomimed  and  spectacular  bailets.  [xviiL  268] 

FAWOETT,  JOHN,  the  younger  (1828?-1867X  or- 
ganist ;  son  of  John  Fawoett  the  elder  [q.  v.] ;  organist 
of  St.  John's  Church,  Famworth,  1826^2,  of  Earl  Howe's 
(Mrzon  Street  church,  and  of  Bolton  parish  church ;  Mus. 
Bac  Oxford,  1862.  [xviii.  269] 

FAWOETT,  JOHN,  the  elder  (1789-1867X  composer: 
organist,  professor  of  music,  and  composer  at  Bolton : 
choirmaster  of  three  chapels  at  Kendal  and  others  in  the 
midlands ;  upheld  Lancashire  sol-fa  system  of  notation  : 
composed  authems  and  psalm  and  hymu  tunes. 

[rviU.  260] 

FAWOETT.  JOSEPH  (d.  1804X  diseeuUng  minister 
ami  poet ;  muniiiig  prcaclier  at  Walthanutow,  1780-7 ; 
Sunday-evening  lecturer  at  the  Old  Jewy ;  published 
scrmoui  and  poem:$,  including  *  War  Elegies,*  1801. 

[xviii  260] 

FAWOETT,  JOSHUA  (d.  1 864 X miscellaneous  writer; 
M.A.  Trinity  CJollcgc,  Cambridge,  1836 ;  honorary  canon 
of  Ripon,  and  chaplain  to  the  bishop,  1860 ;  published 
'A  Harmony  of  the  Gospels,'  1836,  and  miscellaneous 
works,  hirgely  on  the  archseology  of  Yorkshire  cimrches. 

[xviiL  261] 

FAWOETT,  Sir  WILLIAM  (1728-1804).  general: 
ensign  during  the  *46 ;  volunteer  before  Maestrictit,  1748 ; 
ensign,  1761 ;  adjutant :  transUited  Marshal  Saxe's  *  Re- 
veries or  Memoirs  of  the  Art  of  War,'  1767  ;  aide^e-camp 
to  General  Eliott  in  Germany,  1767 :  announced  victoiy 
of  Warburg  to  George  II  in  German,  and  was  rewarded  by 
a  lieutenant-colonelcy,  1760 ;  enlisted  Hei><3ians  and  Bruns- 
wickers  to  serve  agidnst  America,  e.  1776 ;  governor  of 
Gravesend ;  major-general,  1782 ;  K.B.,  1786 ;  superseded 
as  adjutant-general  after  the  disastrous  campaign  in 
laauderH,  17iM-^ ;  general,  1796 ;  privy  councillor,  1789. 

[xviii.  261} 


FAWKSNSE,  Sill  EVEKABD  (1684-1768),  mflfdwit 
and  offloial ;  London  merchant,  probably  in  the  wOk  uA 
olotb  trade :  intimate  with  Voltaire,  who  begBo  to  write 
*  Bmtas '  at  bis  house ;  knighted,  17U ;  Bmh—iMlBr  tt 
Constantinople,  1736;  censured  for  pracipitaocy,  ITU; 
secretary  to  the  Duke  of  Cumberland ;  witnen  igaiail 
his  aoqnaintance.  Lord  Lovat,  who  declined  to  examiae 
him,  1747  ;  joint  postmaster-general,  1746-M. 

[xvia2a9] 

FAWEX8,  FRANCIS  (1720-1777X  poet  and  divine: 
schokur  of  Jesus  Oollege,  Cambridge,  1742 :  MJL,  17«; 
given  church  preferment  by  Archbishop  Herring:  be- 
wailed Herring's  death  in  *Anrelias,*  an  elegy,  1717; 
oorate  of  Downe,  1774-7 :  translated  TbeooritcB,  170^ 
Anacreon,  Sappho,  Bion,  Moschuo,  and  MoasBOS,  1710; 
modernised  parts  of  Gawin  Douglas,  1762  and  1764;  ooni> 
poaed  *  The  Brown  Jug,'  a  famous  comio  aoog ;  consMewi 
by  his  contemporaries  the  best  tamslator  since  Popa 

[xviiL  2SI) 

FAWKE8,  GUY  (167O-1606X  conspirator;  of  pro- 
teatant  parentage :  adopted  Roman  cathoUcianti :  dispMi 
of  his  estate ;  enlisted  (1698)  in  the  Spanish  anqr  ia 
Flanders ;  present  at  capture  of  Calais,  1696 :  tad  no 
share  in  originating  Gunpowder  plot;  aooompanU 
Catesby  to  a  secret  meeting  with  Yelasoo,  the  oouMk 
of  Castile,  1604 ;  deputed  to  fire  the  powder  under  tte 
Houses  of  Parliament,  1605 ;  undertook  to  watch  tto 
cellar  by  himself,  unaware  that  the  {dot  had  beooBt 
known  at  oourt,  3  Nov.  1606 ;  di!»coverad,  4  Not.  1101 ; 
nnrealed  under  tortnie  the  names  of  his  felknr-ooi- 
sphrators,  9  Nov.  1606;  exonerated  Hhe  holy  fathcn' 
from  all  share  in  the  consphracy ;  execatal.  [xrULSBI] 

FAWXEB,  WALTER  RAMSDEN  (1768-1826),  Bto- 
cellaneous  writer ;  M.P^  Yorkshire,  1802-7 ;  aboUtioiiiil; 
high  sheriff  of  Yorkshire,  182S ;  an  early  patron  of  Ttamcr ; 
agriculturist  and  cattle-breeder;  chief  work,  *Tkt 
Chronology  of  the  History  of  Modem  Eorope,*  1810. 
(rvULlWl 

FAWKITEB,  JOHN  PASOOB  (179S-18e9X  AwMM 
settler ;  aoa  of  a  convict :  practised  varioos  trades  is 
Tasmania:    undertook    the    ^Laonoeston    Advcrtta;' 
clianging  its  name  to  *  Tasmanian  Advertiser,*  IW;  M 
much  to  stimulate  and  direct  his  assooiatea,  the  ftnodn 
of  Victoria ;  started  '  Melbourne  Advertiser,'  1836;  OMi' 
mcnced  '  Port  Phillip  Patriot,'  1839 ;   helped  to  britf 
about  final  separation  of  Victoria  from  New  Soath  Waki 
in  1860  by  getting  Mdbonme  to  choose  as  its  imiwMS 
tative  in  the  legislative  council  at  E^rdney  first  Locd  619 
and  then  five  of  the  leading  English  atateBmoi ;  mamlsr 
for  Anglet»ea,  Dalhousie,  and  Talbot  in  the  new  ceaoefllf 
Victoria ;  helped  to  found  Australian  League,  18iL 

[xviiL  MQ 

FAZAXBSLEY,  NICHOLAS  (<f.  1767),  lanyer  nd    ! 
politician ;   barrister.  Middle  Temple  ;   an  anthori^ «    ' 
conveyancing;    occasionally  retained   in   state  tnili; 
M.P.,  Preston,  1732-67 ;   reconler  of  Preston,  174S-C7; 
resolutdy  opposed  the  marriage  clause  in  Lad  HsiA- 
wicke's  Regency  BUI,  1761 :  Jaoobite.  [xviU.270] 

FEAB,   GEORGE   (17297-1816),  lieotenant-geDenl: 

I  colonel-commandant,  fourth  battalion   royal  axtiDRT; 

{  lieutenant-fireworker   royal  artillery,  1766 ;   piesoK  il 

'  siege  of  Looisburg,  C^pe  Breton,  1768;  oommandsd  ■• 

tillery  in  Minorca,  1774-81,  subsequently  in  Janatei 

li«mtcnant-governor  of  Port  Royal  and  UeatauaA^t^^ 

1810.  [xviiL  271] 

FEAKE,  CHRISTOPHER  (/.  1646-1660X  M- 
monarchy  man ;  vicar  of  All  Saints,  Hertlaid,  Iw! 
vicar  of  (Thrist  C!hurch,  Newgate,  1649;  vilified  Qo^ 
well,  1668 ;  lik)erated  from  confinement,  1665 ;  pabiMai 
millenarian  writings  and  attacks  on  the  qaakara. 

[xviiLffll 

FBAROHAIR  or  FEROHAXDVS  I  (6S2?-6II>X 
fifty-second  Ung  of  Scottish  Dalriada  according  to  Bqmj 
and  Buchanan,  ninth  according  to  the  reotilled  Hrt  » 
Father  Innea.  [xrilL  STl] 

FBAROHAIR  FADA  (*  The  Long:')  or  FBROHABSII 

n  id.  697).  fifty-fourth  king  of  Soottiah  Dalriada  aoein- 
ing  to  Boeioe  and  Buchanan,  twelfth  aocoixiing  to  Frtbff 
Innes ;  possibly  led  a  revolt  against  the  Britont  tsi 
Angles.  [xviiL  371] 

FEASOAL  id,  786).    [See  Fergil.] 

FEARN,  HENRY  NOEL- (1811-1668).  [SeeOBUn- 
11A.M,  Hk:;iiT.] 


FEABN 


428 


FETiTX 


W,  JUHK  (1768-1837X  philosopher ;  senred  in 
tmry ;  professed  to  base  on  induction  a  phik>» 
eh  be  unfolded  in  *  A  Manual  of  the  Physiology 
L8S9,  and  other  works.  [xviii.  S78] 

n,  CHABLBS  (174S-1794X  legal  viTiter : 
ftt  Westminster ;  resided  for  some  time  at  the 
pie :  discoTered  new  process  of  dyeing  morocco : 
Bj  Lord  Campt)dl  to  Pascal  or  Sir  Isaac  New- 
is  *  Bsaay  on  the  Learning  of  Contingent  Re- 
nd Bxeoatory  Derises,'  1772.         [xviiL  874] 

r,  JOHN  (Jl.  1770-1788),  landscape-painter: 
raoiiun  tram  the  Society  of  Arts  for  a  drawing 
I  of  Richmond's  gallery,  1766 :  exhibited  at  the 
Biy  of  Artists,  1770-1,  at  the  Royal  Academy, 

[xviiL  276] 

■ER8T0V,  ISAAO  BARL  (181^1876),  New 
taannan :  M.D.  Edbaborgh,  1836 :  settled  at 
D,  Kew  /rfaland,  18i0:  advocated  cause  of 
ndsr  New  Zealand  Company,  his  action  ulti- 
lOag  to  New  Zealand  Constitution  Act  of  1858  : 
idant  oi  the  province  of  Wellington  ;  supported 
lUsm*;  deuoauced  Maori  war,  ISiSO;  agent- 
r  New  Zealand,  1871-6.  [xvili.  27»] 

IXT  or  FAIKOLOtTOH,  DANIEL  (1682-1646), 
liallst :  scholar  of  Corpus  Christi  College,  Oxford, 
,ie01 :  probatloner-feUow,  1602 ;  M.A  ,  1606  :do- 
iphAn  to  Abbot,  archbisbop  of  Canterbury,  till 
).,  1617 :  rector  of  Lambeth,  1619,  of  All  Hal- 
id  Street,  before  1636,  of  Acton,  1627;  pob- 
'  direction  of  Archbishop  Abbot,  report  of 
i  between  Featley  and  some  Jesuits,  1624 ;  en- 
b  James  I,  in  a  *8cholastick  dud,'  1626  ;  com- 
oiOa  Pietatta,*  a  devotional  mannal,  much  used 
1 1«  1626 ;  provo»t  of  Chelsea  College,  1690 ;  re- 
am tbe  oommnnion  table  in  his  church  at  Lam- 
sr-wise  * ;  one  of  the  sab-committee  *  to  settle 
IMl ;  narrowly  escaped  being  murdered,  1642- 
1  adberent  of  tbe  chnrch  of  England ;  reported 
eedings  agidnst  him  before  the  exchequer  court 
^Spoogia,'  1644;  member  of  the  Westminster 
IMS ;  best-known  work,  *  KarafianriaTeu. 
ni.    The  Dippers  dipt,*  1646.  [xviii.  276] 

LST  or  FAIBOLOIFOH,  JOHN  (1606  7-1666), 
enbew  of  Danid  Featley  [q.  v.] ;  chorister  of 
fioSkege,  Oxford ;  B.A.,  1624  ;  '  first  preacher  of 
d*  in  8t.  Christopher's,  1626;  chaplain  to 
l6Si-43 ;  chaplain  extraordinary  to  the  king, 
of  Ldnccrin,  and  prebendary,  1660;  D.D.  Ox- 
ojal  mandamus,  1661.  [xviii.  280] 

RICHARD    (1621-1682)l      [Bee     Fair- 

r,  SAiirr  (d.  664),  bom  in  Connaught :  bade 
^  qoeen  of  Diarmait,  king  of  Meath,flnd  the  way 
vation  in  dressing  the  sores  of  a  leper ;  founded 
1  of  Cong  and  Eas-dara  with  ten  other  religious 

[xvili.  280] 


refonnded  abbey  of  St.  Peter's,  Westminster,  1666 ;  re- 
vived  privileges  of  sanctuary,  1657;  lost  the  favour  of 
Elisabeth  by  stoutly  maintaining  hii*  religious  faith ; 
removed  from  the  abbey,  1569 ;  sent  to  the  Tower  *  for 
railing  against  the  changes  that  had  been  made,'  1660" 
committal  to  the  charge  of  Richard  Cox,  bishop  of  Ely. 
1677;  known  to  have  written  'Commentaries  on  the 
Psalms,  and  some  theological  treatises.  [xviii.  282] 


.  CHARLES  ALBERT   a824-1879),  actor 
atist ;  of  German  origin ;  made,  as  pensionnaire, 

at  tbe  ComMie  Fran^aise  In  1844 :  performed  at 
846;  tint  appeared  in  London  with  a  French 

in  vernoD  of  Sophocles's  'Antigone*  at  St. 
rheatre,  1847 :  played  Armand  Duval  In  *  La 
K  Oftwi^»^«  *  with  tirilliant  success  at  the  Vande- 
ia,  1862 :  abandoned  the  French  for  the  English 

1860,  and  thenceforth  acted  in  English ;  gave 
representation    of    Hamlet   at    the    Prinoes.s's 

1861 ;  failed  as  Othello,  1861 ;  lessee  of  the 
186S-7,  acting  In  English  translations  or  adapta- 
netimes  his  own,  from  the  French  melodrama ; 
of  tbe  Globe  Theatre,  Kew  York,  1870-1 ;  ex- 
tbe  xfUe  of  lover ;  died  near  Philadelphia. 

[xviii  281] 
r^prttAW,  JOHN  DB  (1618?-1685),  Ust  abbot  of 
ster :  of  bumble  origin ;  admitted  Into  Evesham 
j:  B.D.  Oloaoester  HaU,  Oxford,  1589;  rector 
all:    chaplain  to    bishops    Bell  and  (1548-9) 

private  chaplain  and  confessor  to  Queen  Mary, 
ebendary,  and  subsequently  dean,  of  St  Paul't*, 
red  twenty-eight  at  one  time  from  the  stake  in 
-eign ;  D.D.  Oxford,  1666 ;  mitred  abbot  of  the 


»,  EDWARD  (1801-1876X  bishop  of  Newfound- 
land ;  educated  at  Rugby  and  Queen's  College,  Oxford ; 
M.A.,  1826 :  Michel  feUow,  1825-83 :  curate  of  Kidllngton, 
1827-34 :  Incumbent  of  English  Blckuor,  1884-44 ;  built 
schools  in  both  these  parishes  ;  inspector  of  schools, 
1840 :  DJ).,  1844 ;  bishop  of  Newfoundland,  1844  ;  pro* 
cured  building  of  a  cathedral  at  St  John's ;  worlced 
energetlc^ly  for  his  diocese ;  refused  diocese  of  Montoeal, 
1868 ;  died  in  Bermuda.  [xvUL  286] 

FSILD,  JOHN  (1626  ?-1687).    [See  Field] 

FSILDE  or  FIBLD,  JOHN  (d.  1688),  puritan  divine ; 
educated  at  Oxford  University  ;  Imprisoned,  as  a  heretic. 
In  Newgate,  with  Thomas  WUoox  [q.  v.]  for  presenting  to 
parliament  *  An  Admonition  *  and  a  petition  for  rc^ef, 
1572-8 ;  preacher  and  catechlst  of  St  Mary  Aklermary, 
167^7;  inhibited  by  Aylmer,  1677;  suspended,  1584; 
published  *  A  Caveat  for  Parsons  Howlet,*  1681,  *  A  (3odlj 
Exhortation,*  1588,  and  translations  from  several  foreign 
divines.  [SuppL  U.  206] 

FEILDDrO.    [See  also  FielT)IKO.] 

FJULDIVO,  BASIL,  second  Earl  of  Dexbioh  (<L 
1674),  eklest  son  of  William  Feikling,  first  earl  [q.  v.] ; 
educated  at  Emmannd  (3ollege,  Cambridge ;  K.B.,  1626 ; 
summoned  to  Lords  as  Baron  Felldlng  of  Newnham  Pad- 
dox,  1628 ;  volunteer  at  the  siege  of  Bols-le-Doc,  1629 ; 
ambassador  extraordinary  to  Venetian  republic,  1684-9 ; 
fought  for  parliament  at  Edgehlll,  1642  ;  commander-in- 
chief  of  parliamentarian  forces  In  Warwick,  Worcester, 
Stafford,  Shropshire,  (Coventry,  and  Lichfidd,  1643 :  de- 
I  foatod  royalists  near  Dudley,  1644;  suspected  of  half- 
heartedness,  and  superseded,  1644  ;  a  oommissloner  for  the 
treaty  of  Uxbridge,  1646;  refused  to  have  any  share  in 
the  trial  of  Charles  I,  1648 :  Ptate  councillor,  1649-61; 
gradually  went  over  to  the  royaUsts ;  created  Baron  St 
Liz,  1664.  [xvili.  287] 

FBILDDTO,  ROBERT,  called  Bbau  Fbildino  (1651  ?- 
1712X  related  to  the  Denbigh  family ;  g^ven  a  regiment 
by  James  II,  whom  he  followed  to  Ireland  ;  sat  in  Irish 
parliament  for  Gowran,  1689 ;  married,  on  9  Nov.  1705, 
Mary  Wads  worth,  whom  a  matchmaker  had  enabled  to 
personate  Mrs.  Deleau,  a  rich  widow ;  on  26  Nov.  1705  he 
also  married  the  Duchess  of  CJleveland;  convicted  of 
bigamy,  1706 ;  ridiculed  by  Swift  [xvUL  289] 

TJSXLDISQ,  WILLIAM,  first  Earl  of  Dkkbioh 
(d.  1643X  educated  at  Emmanud  College,  Cambridge; 
knighted,  1603  ;  married  Buckingham's  sister,  and  became 
(1622)  master  of  th6  great  \oudrobe;  created  Baron 
Fdldlng,  1620,  and  Earl  of  DenlHgh,  1622  ;  followed  Buck- 
ingham and  Prince  Charles  to  Spain,  1623  ;  commanded 
fleet  despatched  to  relieve  Rochelle,  1628;  member  of 
council  of  Wales,  1633 ;  made  voyage  to  India,  1681 : 
volunteer  under  Prince  Pupert;  mortally  wounded  in 
Rupert's  attack  on  Nottingham.  [xviii.  290] 

FEIKAI(}LS,  GREGOR  yok  (1765?-1819),  mnemo^ 
nist ;  bom  at  Baden ;  lectured  on  local  and  symbolical 
memory  at  Paris,  1806 ;  ridiculed  on  the  stage  by  Dieula- 
foy  in  *  Les  filles  de  m^moire ' ;  lectured  in  England  and 
Scotland,  1811 ;  published  •  The  New  Art  of  Memory,' 
1812,  a  system  fotmded  on  the  topical  memory  of  Cicero 
and  Qulntillan.  A  mnemonic  school  was  placed  under 
his  personal  superintendence  at  Dublin.         [xviii.  291] 

FELIX,  Saikt  id.  647  ?X  bishop  of  Dunwlch ;  a 
native  of  Burgundy :  consecrated  bishop  of  East-Anglia 
by  Honorius ;  founded  school,  perhaps  at  Cambridge,  and, 
according  to  the '  Liber  Elleusis,'  monastery  at  Soham, 
near  Ely ;  his  day,  8  March.  [xviii.  291] 


:,  JOHN  (Jl.  1498),  Benedictine  monk  of  West- 
minster ;  wrote  life  of  John  Estney,  abbot  of  Westminster 
from  1474  to  1498.  [xvili.  292] 


:,  N.  (pseudonym).  [Sec  Wanostrocht,  Nicho- 
las, 1804-1876.] 


FEIjL 


424 


FELTON 


FELL,  OHARLBS  (1687-1768),  Roman  catbolio 
dlvloe ;  of  French  extraction ;  his  real  name  Umprkviluc  : 
stadied  at  Paris  and  Douay ;  priest,  17  IS ;  D.D.,  1716 : 
missloner  iu  England;  irregularly  elected  member  of 
chapter,  1732  ;  deposed  by  a  ooart  of  appeal ;  financially 
.  rained  by  his  '  Lives  of  Saints,'  1789.  [xriii.  99S] 

FELL,  HENRY  ifi.  1673),  qaaker ;  missionary  in  the 
West  Indies;  travelling  preacher  in  England;  nearly 
killed  (1660)  in  the  Fifth-monarchy  rising :  his  project  of 
preaching  in  *  Prester  John's  country  and  Ohlna  *  thwarted 
by  the  action  of  the  East  India  Ctompany,  1661 ;  died  prob- 
ably in  Barbados ;  pablLahed  quaker  pamphlets. 

[xviiL  2921 

FELL,  JOHN  (1635-1686),  dean  of  Ohrist  Chorch  and 
bishop  of  Oxford ;  son  of  Samuel  Fell  [q.  v.] ;  stodexit 
of  Ohrist  Church,  1686  ;  M.A..,  1643  ;  ejected  from  student- 
ship, 1648 :  dean  of  Clirist  Church,  1660 :  D.D.  Oxford, 
and  chaplain  to  the  king,  1660 ;  built  the  tower  over  the 
principal  gateway  of  Christ  Church,  to  which  he  trans- 
ferred the  re-oast  bell,  *Oreat  Tom ' ;  procured  every  year 
the  publication  of  some  classical  author,  giving  each 
member  of  his  college  a  copy ;  vloe-chancdlor  of  Oxford, 
1666-9 ;  friend  of  Humphrey  Prideaux  [q.  v.]  ;  projected 
printing  of  a  Malay  gospel ;  bishop  of  Oxford,  1676;  re- 
luctantly expelled  John  Locke  from  Ohrist  Church,  1684 ; 
summoned  the  undergraduates  to  take  up  arms  against 
Monmouth,  1686;  theme  of  Tom  Brown's  epigram  *Ido 
not  like  you.  Dr.  FelL*  His  chief  publication  was  i  critical 
edition  of  St.  Qyprian,  1683.  [xvUi.  293] 

FELL,  JOHN  (1735-1 797X  congregational  minister  and 
classical  tutor  ;  minister  of  congregational  church  at 
Thaxted,  Bsisex,  1770-87 ;  classical  tutor  at  Homertou, 
1787-97 ;  compelled  to  resign  by  insubordination  of 
students,  1797;  controverted  views  of  Hugh  Farmer 
[q.  v.]  and  Joshua  Toulmin,  D.D.  [xviil.  295] 

FELL,  LEONARD  (</.  1700X  quaker;  repeatedly  im- 
prisoned for  interrupting  services  between  1654  and  1657  ; 
imprisoned  for  refusing  to  pay  tithes,  1666;  worked  in 
North  Walfei  and  Cumberland ;  so  impressed  a  highway- 
man on  one  occasion  by  his  Christian  charity  that  his 
stolen  property  was  returned.  [xviii.  296] 

FELL,  MARGARET  (1614-1703),  quakeress;  nie 
Askew ;  married,  e.  1633,  Thomas  Fell  [q.  v.] ;  converted  by 
Qeorge  Fox  when  her  guest,  1653  ;  entreated  Oliver  Crom- 
well to  protect  the  quakers,  1655-7 ;  called  Charles  IFs 
attention  to  his  declaration  at  Breda;  prevailed  on 
Charles  II  to  release  more  than  four  thousand  Friends 
from  prison,  1661 ;  exempted  by  Charles  II  from  liability 
to  sentence  of  praemunire,  1664 ;  sentenced  by  a  Lanca- 
shire magisteite  to  the  penalties  of  pnemnnire,  1664; 
released  from  prison,  166B ;  married,  as  iioix)n(l  hiist>:ind, 
George  Fox,  1669;  petitioned  Charles  II  for  the  release 
of  her  huslmnd,  but  refused  a  panlou.  considering  him 
innocent,  1678 ;  published  religious  works,     [xviii.  397] 

FELL,  SAMUEL  (1S84-1649),  dean  of  Christ  Church : 
educated  at  Westminster ;  M.A.  Christ  Church,  Oxford, 
1608 ;  D.D.,  1619 ;  chaplain  to  Jamc4  I :  canon  of  Christ 
Church,  1619-37;  Lady  Margaret  professor  of  divinity, 
1636-37 :  dean  of  Lichfield,  1638 ;  dean  of  Christ  Church, 
1638 ;  wrote  to  Land  alxMit  the  excessive  number  of  ale- 
houses in  Oxford,  1637 ;  vice-chancellor,  1645-7 ;  deprivwl, 
1647 ;  died  of  grief  at  Charles  I'«  executiou.  [xviii.  298] 

FELL,  THOMAS  (1598-165K),  vice-chancellor  of  the 
duchy  of  Lancaster ;  barrister,  Gray's  Inn,  1631 :  J.P.  for 
Lancashire,  1641 ;  M.P.,  Lancaster,  1645;  vice-chancellor 
of  the  duchy  and  attorney  for  the  county  (mlatine,  1649 ; 
^lencher  of  Gray's  Inn,  1651 ;  judge  of  assize  for  Chester 
and  North  Wales  circuit,  1651 ;  lent  his  house,  Swarth- 
more  Hall,  for  quaker  meetings ;  withdrew  from  public 
life,  disapproving  of  the  Protector's  anumption  of  autiio* 
rity.  [xviil.  299]      I 

FELL,  WILLIAM  (1758?-1848).  author:  school- 
master at  ManchoKter,  Wilmslow,  and  Lancaster :  pub- 
lished, among  other  works,  *■  A  System  of  Political  Eco- 
nomy,' 1808.  [xviii.  800] 

FELL0WE8,  JAMES  ( /.  1710-1730),  portrait-painter ; 
known  for  portraits  of  eminent  clergymen  of  his  time ; 
rcpmsentoil  Dr.  White  Kennett  [q.  v.]  as  Judas  Iscariot. 

[xviil  300] 

FELL0WE8,  Sm  JAMES  (1771-1857),  physician; 
brother  of  Sir  Thomas  Fdlowes  [q.  v.];  educated  at 


Eton  and  Feterhouee,  and  (fonvUle  and  (Mas  College^  Oun- 
bridge;  Perse feUow  ;  M.D„  1808 ;  F.R.GJ*.,  1805 ;  pbya- 
clan  to  the  forces ;  sent  to  investigate  uid  treat  pestilo- 
tial  fever  in  San  Domingo,  1804 :  knighted,  1809 ;  chief  of 
the  medical  staff  at  Cadiz  till  1815 ;  described  in  18U  the 
Audaluiian  pestilence.  [xviiL  IDO] 


r,  ROBERT  (1771-1847),  philanthropiit: 
M.A.  St.  Mary  HaU,  Oxford,  1801;  editor  of  *CHtial 
Review,'  1804-11 ;  friend  of  Dr.  Parr  and  Queen  (TaroGne; 
LL.D. ;  benefactor  of  Edinburgh  University ;  a  promottr 
of  London  University ;  instituted  *  Fellowes  medaU '  in 
University  College,  London  ;  advocated  Jewish  emaodps- 
tion ;  liboral  thinker  in  religion ;  pubUshed,  among  otlier 
workB, '  Morality  united  with  Policy,*  1800,  and  *Tbe  B^ 
ligion  of  the  Univerve,'  1886.  [xviii.  800] 

FELLOWES,  Sir  THOMAS  (1778-1853),  reB^ 
admiral ;  brother  of  Sir  James  Fdlowes  [q.  v.] :  masto^ 
mate  In  royal  navy,  1797 ;  lieutenant,  1807 ;  henncsUy 
spUced  battoy  at  Guadeloupe,  1809 ;  commanded  gnnbosti 
at  Cadiz,  1810-11 ;  decorated  by  Greece  and  Rnasia  for 
his  services  at  the  batUe  of  Navarino,  1827;  knigfatei, 
1828  :  D.C.L.  Oxford,  1830 ;  rear-admiral,  1847. 

[xvUL  301] 

FELLOWS,  Sir  CHARLES  (1799-1860),  traveller  and 
archsEologist ;  member  of  the  British  Associatian,  1810: 
discovered  ruins  of  Xanthus  and  of  Tloe,  1888 ;  poblisbed 
'Journal,*  1889:  discovered  thirteen  ancient  cities  in 
Lycta,  after  1839 :  obtained  firman  from  Constantinople 
permitting  him  to  explore,  1841 ;  published  *  An  Aoooont 
of  Discoveries  iu  Lyda,'  1841 ;  published,  to  refute  mis- 
statement, *  TheuXanthian  Marbles,  their  Acquisitioo  sad 
Transmission  to  England,*  1848 ;  Imighted,  1845  ;  Lydsa 
numismatologist.  [xviii.  80S] 


[,  OWEN  (1602  7-1668),  anthor  of  <fi^ 
solves  * ;  published,  c.  1620,  *  Resolves,*  a  series  of  monl 
essays,  when  dghteen  years  of  age ;  secretary  or  chaidalB  to 
the  Earl  of  Thomond:  oonUibuted  to  *  Jonsonns  viitiiM,' 
1688 ;  called  the  dead  Charles  I  ^Christ  the  Second  *;  pob> 
llBhod  *  Brief  Character  of  the  Low  Coontrlea,*  165S. 

[xviiLSOS] 
FELTOK,  HENRY  (1679-1740),  divine;  educated  it 
Westminster,  Charterhouse,  and  St.  Edmund  Hall,  Ox- 
ford: M.A^  17U2;  in  charge  of  the  English  chorch  at 
Amsterdam,  1708-9 :  domestic  chaplain  to  three  dokei  of 
Rutland:  presented  to  rectory  of  WhitweU,  1711;  IXJX, 
1712;  controverted  Locke's  theory  of  personality  aod 
identity,  1725 ;  his  Lady  Moyer  lectores  (1728-9)  pobliibd 
as  'The  Christian  Faith  asserted  against  Deuts,  kc^ 
1732.  [xvilLSOl] 

FELTOH,  JOHN  (yf.  1430),  divine;  fellow  of  St 
Mary  Magdalen  College,  Oxford;  professor  of  tbeoloKy 
and  *vicarius  Magdalensia  Oxonii  extra  mures  *:  pR' 
sented  booki  to  Balliol  College,  1420 ;  left  sermoBS  sod 
an  *  Alphabctum  theologioum  ex  opuscolis  Rob.  Orost 
coUectum.'  [xviiL  SOS] 

FBLTOK,  JOHN  (d.  1570),  Roman  cathoUc  laymtt: 
affixed  Pins  V's  excommunication  of  Elizabeth  to  tiie 
gates  of  tlie  bishop  of  London's  palace,  1570:  arrated 
and  hanged,  1570.  [xviiL  806] 

FELTOK,  JOHN  (1595  7-1628).  assassin  of  tbe  Soke 
of  Bnckingham ;  of  a  good  Suffolk  family;  lieotensDttt 
Cadiz,  1625 ;  his  application  to  Bnckingham  ^  *"  ^ 
tain's  commission  scornfully  refused,  1627;  was  hidtal 
by  reading  'The  Golden  E^lee*  to  {dan  BuckingbBBi^ 
assassination,  1628  ;  stabbed  Buckingham  at  Portraiootlii 
1628;  described  as  a  national  benefactor  in  po|^ 
ballads;  hanged.  [xviii 907] 

FELTOK,  NICHOLAS  (1656-1626),  bishop  of  Ely*. 
son  of  a  sailor ;  fellow  of  Pembroke  (College,  (Ainbridg«i 
1588 ;  M.A.,  1584  :  D.D.,  1602 ;  prebendary  of  St  FkaTi. 
1616 ;  bishop  of  Bristol,  1617-19 ;  master  of  Pembroke, 
1617-19;  bishop  of  Ely,  1619;  favoured  puritans;  ceo* 
piled  statutes  for  Merchant  Taylors*  in  referenoe  to 
annual  probation  days ;  helped  to  translate  Bpistki  ^ 
Authorised  Version.  [xriiL  SOS] 

FELTOH,  Sir  THOMAS  {d.  1881),  seneschal  of  Aqtri* 
taine ;  took  part  in  battle  of  Cr^y,  1846,  and  oaptoicv 
Calais,  1347 ;  fought  at  Poitiers,  1856 ;  signatory  to  treity 
of  Bretigny,  1860 ;  seneschal  of  Aquitalne ;  despatched  to 
conduct  Don  Pedro  of  Castile  to  his  intending  alljitlv 
Black  Prince;  taken  prisoner  by  Henry  oi  TrastaosR^ 


^ 

/ 


FELTON 


425 


FBNTON 


;  ]oiiit>->govenior  of  Aqoitelne,  187S ;  aeooBchal 
c;  oaoMd  GailUanM  da  Poxnmicrt  and  bii 
tM  betiMdad  for  tnuon,  IS77  ;  E.G^  1881. 

[zviiL809] 
r.  THOlfAS  (1567  ?  -  1588),  FrauclBoan 
f  John  Felton  (</.  1670)  [q.  t.]  ;  reoeiTed  the 
e  at  RhelmB,  1583:  retarned  to  England, 
t  to  endore  Minima  acuterities  ;  hanged  for  re- 
fttb  of  sapremacy.  [xvili.  310] 

r.  Sir  WILLIAM  (d.  1367X  seneechal  of 
>k  part  in  battle  of  Halidon  Hill,  1338; 
■tey,  1346  :  lord  justioe  of  all  the  king's  landa 
,  1348 :  fought  at  batUe  of  Poitiers,  1356 ; 
PcHtoa,  1360 :  accompanied  Black  Prince  on 
npaign,  1367  ;  called  by  Ohandos  herald 
(ailliam  qui  ot  coear  de  lyon ' ;  killed  in 
[ngleemundi  in  Alava.  [xviiL  311] 

r,  WILLIAM  (1713-1769X  composer  ;  M.A. 
OoUege,  Cambridge,  1745  ;  chaplain  to  the 
wager  of  Wales  :  composed  three  sets  of  six 
Dodelled  on  Handel's:  composed  the  glee, 
I  the  glass.'  [xviU.  311] 

ELEANOR,  Lady  (1743-1813),  author: 
John  Fenn  [q.  t.]  :  wrote,  under  the  names  of 
likl  and  Mrs.  Teachwell,  educational  works 
ig.  [xTiiL  314] 

HUMPHREY  (d.  1634),  puritan  divine; 
is'  College,  Cambridge,  1573;  M.A.  Peter- 
;  ricar  of  Holy  Trinity,  Coventry,  1578-84 ; 
:1584)  for  refusing  to  subscribe  Whitgift's 
es:  restored,  1585;  again  suspended,  1590; 
i  the  Star-chamber,  1591 ;  remanded,  1591 ; 
n ;  protested  against  episcopacy  in  hia  will. 

[xviii.  312] 
JAM^  id.  1584),  Roman  catholic  priest ; 
Orpus  Christi  College,  Oxford,  1554  ;  fellow, 
1559,  but  put  aside  for  refusing  the  oath  of 
;  ordained  priest  at  Ch&lons-sur-Marue,  1580  ; 
Somerset ;  executed  as  a  priest,   [xviii.  313] 

JOHN  (</.  1615X  Roman  catholic  divine; 
James  Fenn  [q.  v.]  ;  chorister  of  Wells  ; 
r  Winchester  and  New  College,  Oxford  ;  per- 
w,  1553  ;  schoolmaster  at  Bury  St.  Edmunds ; 
English  Augustinian  nuns  at  Louvain,  where 
nartyrologist,  hagiologist,  and  writer  or 
f  Italian  devotional  works.  [xviii.  313] 

SIR  JOHN  (1789-1794),  antiquary  :  M.A. 
?e,  Cambridge,  1764 ;  J.P.for  Norfolk  ;  M.S.A. ; 
iscript  of  Paston  letters,  which  he  acquired 
as  Worth,  a  chemist  at  Diss  ;  knighted,  1787 ; 
Mrfolk,  1791.  [xviii.  314] 

JOSEPH  FINCH  (1820-1884),  honorary 
oocester;  MJL.  Trinity  College,  Cambridge, 
V,  1844-7;  B.D.,  1877:  perpetual  curate  of 
rch,  Cheltenham,  1860;  chaplain  to  the 
loooester  and  Bristol,  1877;  honorary  canon, 
>ted  free  library  movement  in  Cheltenham. 

[xviii.  315] 
LL,  JAMES  (1766-1816),  actor  and  dra- 
ncated  at  Eton  and  Trinity  Collie,  Cam- 
'jend  Lincoln's  Inn  ;  engaged  at  Theatre 
burgh,  1787 ;  appeared  at  Co  vent  Garden  as 
7  ;  objected  to  a  proposal  that  he  should  play 
id  of  Jaffier  in  '  Venice  Preserved  '  at  Bdin- 
er  some  legal  difficultly  occasioned  by  the 
not  consented  to  a  compromise,  1788 ;  re- 
:  Covent  Garden  as  Othello ;  brought  out  at 
lis  '  Linda  and  Clara,*  a  comedy,  1791 ;  acted  in 
Boston,  and  elsewhere,  1797-1806 ;  kept  an 
Charlestown,  Massachusetts  ;  established  salt- 
New  London,  Connecticut,  1814.  [xviii.  815] 

LL,  JOHN  GREVILLE  (1807-1885),  artist, 
md  angler ;  drew  pictures  of  the  tournament 

Castle  for  the  *  Ulustrated  London  News ' ; 

*  Fidd  '  staff  from  1853  ;  intimate  with 
tackeray,  and  other  literary  men  ;  published 
nd  the  Rod,*  and  '  The  Book  of  the  Roach,' 

[xvUi.  316] 

R,  DUDLEY  (1658?-1587),  puritan  divine; 
loner  of  Peterhouse,  Cambridge,  1576 ; 
'  puritanical  tendenciea ;    followed   Thomas 


Cartwright  to  Antwerp ;  induced  by  tha  tolerant  ipirit  of 
Arobbithop  Grindal  to  rttam  to  England :  cnrate  at 
Oranbrook,  1583;  saspanded  for  refosing  to  subscribe 
Whitglft's  three  articles,  1584 ;  pnbliahed  works  including 
*  Sacra  Theologia,'  1585,  and,  posthumously,  'The  Whole 
Doctrine  of  the  Saoramentes,*  1588,  as  well  as  verse- 
rendering  *  The  Song  of  Songs,'  1587  and  1594  ;  died  in 
charge  of  the  reformed  church  at  Middleburg. 

[xviii.  317] 
FEHHEE,    EDWARD   (d.   1612),  judge;    barrister. 
Middle  Temple ;  reader,   1576  ;  Serjeant,  1577  ;  J.P.  for 
Surrey  ;  justioe  of  king's  bench,  1590.  [xviii.  319] 


GEORGE  ((/.  1600  ?),  naval  commander ; 
engaged  In  trading  to  Gold  Coast,  1566,  and  Low 
Countries,  1570  ;  as  freebooter  came  frequently  into  con- 
flict with  Spanish  and  French  ships  ;  accompanied  Essex 
on  Islands*  Voyage,  1597 ;  brought  news  of  supposed 
approach  of  Annada  to  Plymouth,  1597,  which  occasioned 
naval  mobilisation,  1597.  [SuppL  iL  206] 

FENKEE,  THOMAS  (d.  1590?),  naval  commander : 
flag-captain  under  Drake  on  Indies  voyage,  1585;  pro- 
bably rear-admiral  in  Drake's  Cadiz  expedition,  1587 ; 
vice-admiral  against  Armada,  1588,  and  in  expedition  to 
Corufia,  1689.  [Suppl.  ii.  207] 


WILLIAM  (1600-1640),  puritan  divine; 
M.A.  Pembroke  CoUege,  Cambridge,  1619 ;  forced  to 
leave  cure  of  Sedgley  on  account  of  his  puritanical 
principles,  e.  1627 ;  B.D.,  16S7 ;  incumbent  of  Roohford, 
1629-40 ;  wrote  theological  treatises.  [xviiL  319] 

FENVINO,  ELIZABETH  (1792-1815X  criminal; 
hanged  for  mixing  arsenic  in  the  food  of  her  employer, 
Orlibar  Turner ;  strongly  asseverated  her  innocence ;  ver- 
dict against  her  twice  reconsidered  by  home  office ;  hanged, 
26  June  1815.  [xviU.  319] 

FEHTOK,  flrst  Viscount  (1566-1639).  [SeeERSKUiE, 
Thomas.] 

FEKTOH,  EDWARD  (d.  1603),  captain  and  naviga- 
tor :  commanded  under  Sir  Henry  Sidney  in  Ireland, 
1566 ;  published  *  C3ertaine  Secrete  Wonders  of  Nature,* 
1569,  recently  discovered  to  be  a  translation  of  Boaistuau's 
compilation  of  Greek  and  Roman  anecdotes  ;  sailed  in 
Frobisher's  second  voyage  to  discover  north-west  passage 
to  Cathay  and  Meta  Incognita,  1577 ;  built  a  house  for  the 
members  of  Frobisher's  third  expedition  upcm  the  Countess 
of  Warwick's  (Kod-lu-aru)  Island,  1578 ;  sent  on  a  trading 
expedition  to  Moluccas  and  China  by  way  of  Cape  erf 
Good  Hope,  nominally  to  discover  the  north-west  passage, 
1582;  thought  of  making  himself  king  of  St.  Helena; 
served  against  Spanish  Armada,  1588.  [xviii.  320] 

FENTON,  EDWARD  DYNE  (d.  1880),  author; 
lieutenant,  1849;  captain,  1858;  served  at  Gibraltar, 
1860-70;  published  sketches,  including  'Sorties  from 
Gib.  in  quest  of  Sensation  and  Sentiment,'  1872. 

[xviii.  322] 

FEHTOK,  ELIJAH  (1683-1730),  poet;  B.A.  Jesus 
College,  Cambridge,  1704  ;  secretary  to  Earl  of  Orrer>-  in 
Flanders ;  head'master  of  Sevenoaks  grammar  school ; 
published  poems  (1707)  which  attracted  attention  of  Duke 
of  Marlborough ;  instructed  Craggs,  secretary  of  state,  in 
literature,  1720 ;  translated  the  first,  fourth,  nineteenth, 
and  twentieth  books  of  the  *  Odjrssey '  for  Pope,  completely 
catching  Pope's  manner;  edited  Milton  and  (1729) 
Waller.  His  poems  include  a  successful  tragedy,  *  Mari- 
amne,'  1723.  [xviii.  322] 

FENTOH,  Sir  GEOFFREY  (1639  ?-1608),  translator 
and  statesman :  dedicated  to  Lady  Mary  Sydney,  from 
Paris,  a  collection  of  novels  by  Bandello  translated  from 
French  versions  of  Boaistuau  and  Belleforest,  1567  :  pub- 
lished '  Monophylo,  a  Philosophical  Discourse  and  Division 
of  Love,'  1672  ;  translated  from  the  French  Guicciardinl's 

•  Wars  of  Italy,'  1679 ;  served  on  an  Irish  campaign,  1680  ; 

Erincipal  secretary  of  state  in  Ireland  from  1680 ;  thrown 
ito  the  debtors'  prison  at  Dublin  by  Lord  deputy  Perrot, 
against  whom  he  had  laid  accusations,  1586  ;  knighted, 
1689  ;  joint-secretary  for  Ireland  vvith  Sir  Richard  Coke ; 
advocated  assassination  of  Earl  of  Desmond  as  means  of 
ending  Munster  rebellion.  [xviii.  323] 

FENTON,  LAVINIA,  afterwards  Duchkss  of  Boltox 
(1708-1760),  actress  ;  learned  new  songs  when  a  girl  from 

*  a  comedian  belonging  to  the  old  house ' ;  appeared  at  the 
Haymarket  as  Monimia  in  Otway's  'Orphans,'  1726; 
appeared  at  Lincoln's  Inn  Fields  as  PoUj  Peaoham  in 


FENTON 


426 


FERGUSON 


Gay's  *  Beggar'B  Opera,'  17S3,  after  which  she  became  the 
rage;  plaved  Ophelia  iti  *  Hamlet,'  1728;  mistress,  and 
(1761)  wife,  of  Charles  Paalet,  third  dake  of  Bolton  [q.  v.] 

[XTiU.  SS4] 
FENTOK,  RICHARD  (1746-1821),  topographer  and 
poet :  educatetl  at  St.  David's  cathedral  school ;  barrister. 
Middle  Temple:  left  manuscript  translation  of  the 
'  Ddpnosophis'tft?.'  His  works  include  *  Poems,*  1773,  *  A 
Historical  Tour  through  Pembrokeshire,'  1811,  and 
•  Memoirs  of  an  Old  Wig,'  1816.  [rviil.  SS6] 

FENTON,  ROGER  (1665-1016),  divine :  feUowof  Pem- 
broke Hall,  Cambridge;  vicar  of  Chigwell,  1606;  pre- 
bon<larv  of  St.  Paul's,  1609 :  preacher  to  the  readere  at 
Gray's' Inn;  D.D. ;  published  *A  Treatise  of  Usnrie,' 
1611:  took  part  in  translation  of  bible;  his  theological 
writings  published  posthumously.  [xviii.  827] 

FEKT0NBASN8,  Lord  (d.  1616).  [See  Prbston, 
Sm  John.] 

FENWIOK,  FRANCIS  (1645-1694),  Benedictine 
monk ;  doctor  of  the  Sorbonue ;  D.D. ;  agent  of  James  II 
at  the  papal  court:  abbot-preeident  of  St.  Gregory's 
College  at  Rome ;  died  in  Rome.  [xviii.  327] 

FENWICK,  GEORGE  (1603  7-1657),  parliamentarian  ; 
barrister  at  Gray's  Inn,  1631 ;  ancient,  1660 ;  agent  for 
the  patentees  of  Connecticut,  and  governor  of  Saybrook 
fort,  1639-44 :  sold  Saybrook  to  Connecticut  under 
pledges  which  he  broke,  1644 ;  M.P.  for  Morpeth,  1645 ; 
commauded  regiment  of  northern  militia  for  parliament ; 
governor  of  lierwick,  1648 ;  commissioner  for  the  trial  of 
Charles  T,  but  did  not  act,  1648 ;  took  part  in  Cromwell's 
invasion  of  Scotland ;  governor  of  Leith  and  Edinburgh 
Castle,  1660 :  one  of  the  commissioners  for  the  govern- 
ment of  Scotland,  1661 :  M.P.  for  Berwick,  1664  and  1666 ; 
excluded.  1656.  [xviii.  828] 

TUKWICK  or  FENWICKE,  Sir  JOHN  (1679-1658  ?X 
politician;  M.P.  for  Northumberland,  1623-44:  i>aronet 
by  purchase,  1628 :  commissioner  for  suppression  of 
violence  in  border  districts,  1635;  deputy-Ueutenant  of 
Northumberland ;  mnster-master-genoral  of  the  king's 
army,  1640  :  excluded  from  the  House  of  Commons,  1644 ; 
readmitted,  1646 ;  high  sheriff  of  Northumberland. 

[xTiiL329] 

FENWICK,  veri  Caldwell,  JOHN  (1628-1679), 
Jesuit ;  of  protestant  parentage ;  Jesuit,  1666 ;  procarator 
at  St.  Omer,  1662,  and  afterwards  ;  professed  fother,  1675  ; 
procurator  in  London  of  St.  Chner's  College,  1676 ; 
executed  on  the  information  of  Titus  Gates,  1679. 

[xvliL  828] 

FEirWICJK,  Sm  JOHN  (1646  ?-1697),  conspirator; 
colonel  of  foot,  1675;  general,  1688;  M.P.,  Northum- 
berland, 1677,  and  at  intervals  till  1685;  brought  up 
the  bill  of  attidnder  against  Monmouth,  1686;  insulted 
Queen  Mary,  1691 ;  privy  to  plot  for  William  IIPs  assas- 
sination, 1695,  and  Barclay  and  Ohamock's  plot,  1696; 
named  major-general  of  the  troops  to  be  raised  for  King 
James ;  attempted  to  bribe  two  men  who  were  likely  to  be 
witnesses  against  him,  and  was  indicted  on  the  informa- 
tion of  one  of  them,  1696 ;  arrested,  1696;  offered  for  a 
pardon  to  reveal  all  that  he  knew  of  the  Jacobite  con- 
spiracies, but  did  no  more  than  cast  aspersion  on  the 
whig  leaders,  1696;  examined  before  the  king  and  the 
Hou!%  of  Commons;  attainted,  the  law  requiring  the 
evidence  of  two  witnesses  in  cases  of  treason  being  dis- 
pensed with  ;  shrank  from  adopting  Monmouth's  advice 
to  save  himiself  by  challenging  inquiry  into  the  truth  of 
hi»  aUegations  against  the  whig  leaders ;  beheaded. 

[xviiL  329] 

FENWKTKE,  GEORGE  (1690-1760),  divine;  feUowof 
St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  1710 ;  rector  of  Hallaton, 
1722-60 ;  B.D. ;  published  devotional  works,  [xviii.  382] 

FEKWICKE,  JOHN  (</.  1668),  parliamentarian; 
master  of  Sherborne  Hospital,  1644 :  lieutenant-colonel  in 
parliamentarian  army;  defeated  Irish  rebels  near  Trim, 
1647  ;  mortally  wounded  in  battle  of  the  Dunes,  1658. 

[xvilL  332] 

FEOLOOELD  (of.  832),  archbishop  of  Canterbury: 
abbot  of  a  Kentish  monastery,  803 ;  archbishop  of  (^ter- 
bury,  832.  [xviii.  383] 

FEBOHARD,  kings  of  Scotiand.     [See  Fbarchair.] 

FERDINAND,  PHILIP  (1665  ?-1598),  hebralst ;  bom 
in    Poland  of   Jewish   parents;    converted   to   Roman 


oathoUciim,  and  subsequently  to  pcotestantiflBi;  poor 
student  at  Oxford,  where  he  taught  Hebrew :  matjiiwihliil 
at  Cambridge,  1696 ;  profenor  at  Leyden,  wliere  be  died; 
translated  into  Latin  from  the  Hebrew  a  work  on  tbe 
Mosaic  law,  1697.  [xviii.  US] 

FEBBBE  or  VBBIBTB,  or  FKBRABBK,  GBOROB 
(fl.  1613),  compoeer;  chorister  of  Magdatotn  Coikge. 
Oxford ;  M.A^  1696 ;  vicar  of  Bisbop*s  Cannings ;  attar- 
talned  Anne,  the  queen  consort,  with  a  four-port  i«og  Ml 
to  wind-instrument  music,  1618,  and  wm  made  ehaphiB 
to  the  king.  [xviiL  333] 


FRANCIS  PAUL  [FRANZ  DB  PAULA] 
(1689-1740),  painter;  bora  hi  Vienna ;  gained  reputation  st 
Drsaden  for  smaU  landscapes,  sea-pieces,  and  peassal 
scenes ;  employod  in  Chelsea  cliina  manalMetary ;  diedsC 
want  in  London.  [xviiL  381] 

FBBGIL  or  YIBOZLIUB,  Saint  (d.  786),  bidiop  d. 
Sakburg:  a  descendant  of  NiaU  of  the  Nine  Hostigei; 
abbot  of  Aghaboe  till  745  ;  abbot  of  St.  Peter's  at  Seta- 
burg,  e.  747 ;  accused  to  Pope  Zaobary  by  St.  Booifsee 
[q.  v.]  of  maintaining  the  existence  of  antipodes;  his  ex- 
pulsion from  the  church  directed  by  Zacfaary ;  blibop  of 
Salzburg,  766 ;  sent  missionaries  to  Oarinthla  (part  of  hit 
diocese);  *  Apostle  of  Oarinthia*;  traveUea  through 
OarinthiaandaafaraaSlavonia;  conoealed  his  cfAaoopA 
orders ;  called  *the  Geometer ' ;  canonised,  123S. 

[xviiL  334] 

FEBOTJB I  (yf.  830  B.C.  ?),  son  of  Ferchiod,  tbe  flnl 
king  of  Scotland,  according  to  Boeoe  and  BaehansB^ 
fictitious  chronology ;  said  to  have  come  to  Soottand  fna 
Ireland  to  assist  the  Scots  against  the  joint-attaek  of  the 
Picts  and  Britons,  and  to  have  been  drowned  on  hii 
return  to  Irdand,  e.  880  B.C.  [xviiL  3lf  ] 

FEB0U8  n  (d.  601),  the  first  Dalriad  king  in  Soot- 
land  ;  came  from  Ulster  with  his  brothers,  Lon  lad 
Angus,  and  took  possession  of  (^mtyre  and  sdjaixM 
isUuds.  [xviiL  316] 

FEBOtJSHILL,  JOHN  (1692  7-1644),  SootttshdlTiiie: 
educated  at  Edinburgh  and  Qlasgow  univeraitieB  and  fit 
France:  laureatus  of  Glasgow,  1612;  sospended  ttm 
cure  of  Ochiltree  for  declining  jurLsdietion  of  high  eon- 
mission  oourt,  1620 ;  reinstituted ;  transferred  to  Ajr^ 
1639.  [xviiL  336] 

FEBOXrSOV,  ADAM  (1728-1816),  professor  of  phib- 
sophy  at  Bdinburgh;  bursar  of  St.  Andrews;  HXflt 
Andrews,  1742;  studied  divinity  at  Bdinburgh ;  pewit 
as  chaplain  of  Black  Watch  at  battle  of  Fontenay,  17tf : 
abandoned  clerical  proferalon,  1764 ;  librarian,  AdvoesW 
Library,  1767;  professor  of  natmral  phikMN^hy,  BMb* 
burgh,  1769;  professor  of  *pneumatica  and  moral  ]^ 
sophy,*  Edinburgh,  1764-86  ;  published  an  'Bssay  onOifl 
Society,'  1766,  which  was  unfavourably  regazded  1^ 
Hume;  LL.D.  Edinburgh,  1766;  republished  his  ketan 
notes  in  *  Institutes  of  Moral  Philosophy,*  1772;  dbuuluri 
on  account  of  absence,  but  reinstated  (1776)  after  llfd 
proceedings ;  visited  Voltaire  at  Feamej;  sacretny  tl 
British  conunissioncrs  at  Philadelphia,  1778;  rcguM 
Macpherson's  *Ossian*  as  genuine:  published  *Wii«J^ 
the  Progress  and  Termination  of  the  Roman  Reinbtte,* 
1782 ;  professor  of  mathematics,  1786 ;  published  *Fli^ 
ciples  of  Moral  and  Political  Science,'  1792. 

[xvifl.  SHI 

FEROVBOK,  Sir  ADAM  (1771-1866),  keeper  of  W 
regalia  in  Scotland;  son  of  Adam  Ferguson  [(jh^O* 
companion  of  Sir  Walter  Scott  at  Bdinbu^  Unlvoll^t 
and  afterwards:  captain,  101st  regiment,  1806;  read  ttt 

*  Lady  of  the  Lake  *  canto  VI,  to  his  company  in  the  IMI 
of  Torres  Vedras ;  keeper  of  the  regalia  of  Scotland,  lUB; 
knighted,  1822.  [xvUL  PSf\ 

FBBOVSOV.  DAVID  (<f.  1598k  Scottish  refonKr: 
glover;  sent  to  Dunfermline  as  minister ;  preached  brfit 
tlie  regent  against  appropriation  of  church  property  H 
governmental  purposes,  1572 ;  moderator  of  the  gemfll 
assembly,  1673  aiui  1578;  formed  one  of  a  depnIiUfl 
which  admonished  James  VI  *  to  beware  of  innovatioMll 
court,'  1683 ;  compiled  a  collection  of  *  Scottish  Pxoffcrti' 
(published  1641),  and  wrote  a  critical  analjsb  of  Ihl 

•  Song  of  Solomon.'  [xvUL  Ml] 

FEBOtJBOH,  JAMBS  (1621-1667).  Soottish  diviv; 
graduate  of  Glasgow,  1638 ;  minister  of  KUwinninfl^  IMfc 


FEBGUBON 


427 


FBRGUSSON 


the  Glaasrow  {Hofeasorehip  of  divinity,  1601, 
ake  it  op ;  itw»latiooer ;  his  *  Ref atation  of 
:  Tolentioii,'  4eo^  pablished,  1693. 

[xyiiL84S] 
OV,  JABIES  (d.  1700),  major-general,  colonel 
rooians :  brother  of  Robert  Fergiuon  *the 
r.] :  eerred  In  Holland  as  qaartennaster  in 
gade,  1677  :  sommoned  to  join  royalist  foroei 
moath,  1686;  captain,  1687;  landed  vdth 
nmge  at  Torbay,  1688 ;  reduced  the  w^tem 
at  St^nkirk,  169S ;  led  the  let  Oameronlann 
60S,  and  at  siege  of  Namor,  1696;  colonel, 
t  at  Blenheim,  1704 ;  major-general ;  his 
I  at  Bo!s-le-I>uc  possibly  dae  to  person. 

[xTiii.  343] 
OV,  JAMES  (1710-1776X  astronomer;  dis- 
lal  genius  in  mechanics  when  nine  years  old ; 
terrestrial  globe  from  Gordon's  'Geographical 
patronised  by  Sir  James  Dunbar  and  Lady 
latter  of  whom  enabled  him  to  become  a 
iter ;  contrired  '  astronomical  rotnla  * ;  con- 
Ty,  174S ;  invented  a  tide-dial,  an  *  eclipsareon,* 
oniversal  dialling  cylinder,*  1767  ;  published 
explained  on  Sir  Isaac  Newton's  Principles,' 
ned  transit  of  Venus  with  six-foot  reflector ; 
;  presented  to  the  Royal  Society  (1763)  a 
[  the  partial  solar  eclipse  of  1764 ;  lectured  on 
published  'The  Young  GenUeman's  and 
momy,*  1768 ;  frequently  discussed  mechanics 
3  III ;  unliappy  in  his  domestic  relations ; 
iioogh  ignorant  of  geometry,  'The  Art  of 
Perspective,'  1776.  [xviiL  348] 

SOV,  JAMES  FREDBRIO  (1807-1866),  Irish 
of  French  descent :  bom  at  (Tharleston ;  in- 
'Excbeqoer  Records* ;  clerk  and  secretary  to 
for  arranging  records  of  Irish  courts,  1860-3  ;  > 
t  his  own  ooet  some  Irish  records  in  the  pos-  ' 
Soabian  baron,  having  travelled  to  Switzer- 
i  purpose :  contributed  to  '  Topographer  and 
'  papers  illustrative  of  law  and  society  in 
-century  Ireland;    chief  work,  'Eemarlra  on  j 
ions  of  Actions  Bill  intended  for  IreUnd,'  1843. 

[xviil.  347] 
BOV,  JOHN  (1787-1866),  founder  of  the  Fer- 
sflt;  settled  at  Irvine,  Ayrshire,  after  arrang- 
e*s  business  concerns  in  America,  1810;  gave 
•  advancement  of  reUgious  education  in  South 
;  founded  six  scholarships  in  connection  with  | 
ivenatieii.  [xviii.  848]      ; 

BOH.  PATRICK  (1744-1780X  inventor  of  the 
-loading  rifle  used  in  the  British  army ;  com- 
npany  in  the  70th  foot  agaiunt  the  revolted 
T^ago;  patented  effectual  plans  of  breech- 
76;  wounded  at  the  battle  of  Brandy  wine. 
HoftA  with  artillerj'  at  piege  of  Charleston, 
r.  71st  Highlanders,  1779 :  accompanied  Lord 
in  his  march  through  the  Carolinas;  lieutcnant- 
rprisod  and  killed  at  King'iit  Mountain.  Noi-th 

[xvUi.  348] 

'SOH,  RICHARD  SAUL  (1837-19U0).  anti- 
cated  at  Shrewsbury,  and  St  John's  College, 
;  M.A.,  1863 ;  LL.M.,  1874  :  barrister,  Lincoln's 
joined  northern  circuit;  travelled  in  Egypt, 
and  America,  1871-2:  devoted  himself  to 
oal  uatiquities  at  Carlisle ;  president  of  Cum- 
1  Westmorland  Archseological  and  Antiquarian 
86 ;  mayor  of  Carlisle,  1881  and  1882 ;  chan- 
ioceae  of  Carlitile,  1887 ;  F.S.A^  1877 ;  FBJl, 
880;  publistied  and  edited  antiquarian  works 
Cumberland  and  Westmorland. 

[Suppl.  ii.  208] 
BOV,  ROBEHT  («/.  1714),  surnamed  the 
possibly  educated  at  Aberdeen :  incumbent  of 
m.  e.  1660 ;  expelled  by  the  Act  of  Uniformity, 
■AS '  a  Sober  Enquiry  into  the  Nature,  Measure, 
pie  of  Moral  Virtue,'  1673 ;  maintained  that 
r  the  '  Black  Box  '  and  documents  therein  con- 
ring  Uie  marriage  of  Monmouth's  mother  to 
was  invented  by  those  who  wished  to  discredit 
•*  title  to  the  crown,  1680 ;  one  of  the  chief 
(rf  the  Rye  House  plot,  though  probably  dls- 
of  aaaasin  nation,  1683 ;  outlawed,  1683 :  author 
ith's  manifesto,  and  chaplain  in  the  rebel  army, 


1686 ;  accomjpanied  expedition  of  WilUam  of  Orange  to 
Torbay,  1688;  published  pamphkto  in  support  of 
William  in ;  hoosekBeper  at  the  excise ;  becama  a 
Jacobite,  his  hopes  of  reward  being  muatisfled ;  declared 
the  revolution  to  have  been  a  design  of  the  Vatican  in  bit 
'HistoiT  of  the  Revolution,*  1706;  superseded  at  the 
excise,  1693 ;  asked  '  Whether  the  Parliament  be  not  in 
Law  dissolved  by  the  death  of  the  Princess  of  Orange  ?  * 
1696 ;  privy  to  Sir  George  Barclay's  plot ;  gave  informa- 
tion which  led  to  frustration  of  the  machinations  of  Simon 
Fraser,  twelfth  lord  Lovat  [q.  v.]  against  the  Duke  of 
Atholl,  1703;  committed  to  Newgate  for  treason,  1704 ; 
admitted  to  baU  and  never  tried.  [xviU.  360] 

rSSOiraOH,  ROBERT  (I76O-I774).  [See  Frbous- 
80N.] 

FEBOTrSOV,  ROBERT  (1799-1866).  physician  ;  bom 
in  India :  studied  at  Heidelberg  and  Edinburgh ;  M.D. 
Bdiuborgh,  1883 ;  physician  to  the  Westminster  Lying-in 
Hospital ;  founded  '  London  Medical  Gazette,'  1837  ;  pro- 
fessor of  obstetrics.  King's  College,  London,  1831 ;  censor, 
C.P. ;  physician-accoucheur  to  Queen  Victoria,  1840; 
published  works  on  obstetrics.  [xviii.  863] 

FXROTTSOK,  Sir  RONALD  GRAUFURD(1773-1841X 
general ;  captain,  1798 ;  lieutenant-colonel,  1794  :  co- 
operated from  India  in  reduction  of  Cape  of  Good  Hope, 
1796 :  colonel,  1800 :  quitted  Pulteney  on  his  refusing  to 
attack  Ferrol,  1800 ;  served  in  Sir  David  Balrd's  cxpedi 
tion  to  recapture  Cape  of  Good  Hope,  1806  :  M.P.,  Kirk, 
caldy  burghs,  1806-30,  Nottingham,  1830-41;  major- 
general,  1808;  twice  turned  Lcdx>rde's  right  at  Rollga, 
1808 ;  general,  1830  ;  G.C.B.,  1881.  [xvUi.  364] 

FBROTrSOH,  Sir  SAMUEL  (1810-1886),  poet  and 
antiquary  ;  MJL.  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  1833 ;  called  to 
the  Irish  bar,  1888 ;  O.C.,  1869 ;  deputy-keeper  of  the 
public  records  of  Ireland,  1867 :  thoroughly  organised  the 
public  records  department;  knighted,  1878;  LL.D., 
hoHorU  eaiud.  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  1864;  published, 
among  other  works, '  Lays  of  the  Western  Gael,*  1866,  and 
'Congal,  an  Epic  Poem,*  1873.  'Ogham  Inscriptions  in 
Ireland,  Wales,  and  Scotland,*  edited,  1887,  is  his  most 
important  antiquarian  work.  [xviiL  866] 

PKROTI80K,  WILLIAM  (1830-1887X  botanist  and 
entomologist ;  member  of  the  Oqrlon  civil  service,  1839- 
1887;  died  in  Ceylon;  wrote  '  Ceylon  Ferns,* '  The  Timber 
Trees  of  Ceylon.*  and  similar  works.  [xviiL  866] 

FSROIFBOH,     WILLIAM     GOUW    (1633  7-1690  ?X 

Sdnter  of   stiU-life;  native  of  Scotland;   lived  at  the 
ague,    1660-8;   his    works   sometimes    attributed    to 
WeenU.  [xvUi.  867] 

FEROTTBSOH,  Sir  CHARLES  DALRYMPLE  (1800- 
1849),  fifth  baronet,  of  Kilkerran ;  educated  at  Harrow  ; 
advocate,  1822 ;  originated  Ayrshire  Educational  Associa- 
tion ;  protectionist.  [xviiL  367] 

FSROUBBOH,  DAVID  (</.  1698).    [See  Fkrouhon.] 

7EEOTJ8S0V,  GEORGE,  Lord  Hermand  (d.  1827X 
Scottish  judge;  member  of  the  Faculty  of  Advocates, 
17C5  :  lord  of  sffision  as  Lord  Hermand,  1799-1836  ;  lord 
justiciary,  1808-26  ;  an  enthusiastic  admirer  of  Sir 
Walter  Scott*s  novel  of  '  Guy  Mannering.*      [xviii.  368] 

FSBOUB80N,  Sir  JAMES,  Lord  Kilkkrran  (1688- 
1789),  Scottish  jud^e;  studied  law  at  Leydeu:  advocate, 
1711 ;  M.P.,  Sutherlandshire,  1734-6 ;  lord  of  session  as 
Lord  Kilkerran,  1735 ;  justiciary  lord,  1749 ;  coUected  and 
arranged  decisions  of  court  of  session  from  1738  to  1762 
(published,  1776).  [xvUi.  368] 

FEROTrSBOH,  JAMES  (1769-1842X  Scottish  legal 
writer :  studied  at  Edinburgh  Univeralty ;  member  of  the 
Faculty  of  Advocates.  1791  ;  cousiatorial  juilije,  clerk  of 
session,  and  keeper  of  the  general  record  of  entails  for 
Scotland ;  publlsheil  legal  work?.  [xviii.  389] 

FSBOU880H,  Sm  JAMF^  (1787-1866), general;  en- 
sign, 1801:  captain.  1806:  wounded  at  Vlmeiro,  1808; 
wounded  in  a8J?aultB  on  Badajoz  and  Cimlati  Kodrigo; 
major,  1812 ;  fought  in  the  battles  of  Nlvelle  and  Nive ; 
aide-de-camp  to  William  IV ;  Ueutenant-general,  1861  ; 
general  commanding  troops  at  Malta,  1863-6;  governor 
and  commander-in-chief  at  Gibraltar,  1866-9;  general 
I860 ;  G.C.B.,  1860.  [xviii.  869] 


Fii»emi3BON 


428 


jj  riiTiTvA  rC 


FEKOIF880H.  JAMES  ( 18at;-1886X  writer  upon  arcbi- 
tecturu ;  started  an  indigo  fuctury  in  India  ;  employed  in 
a  Calcutta  firm;  pabUshed  ^PictarMque  Illastratioos  i 
of  Ancient  Arcbitectur«  in  Hindustan ' ;  F.H.A^,  1840 ;  ' 
maintained  in  *  An  Historical  Enquiry  into  tbe  true  Prin- 
ciples of  Beauty  in  Art '( 1 849)  tbat  tbc  Greek  temples  were 
ligbted  by  a  triple  roof  aiHl  eIerei<tory ;  published  work 
proposing  to  substitute  eurtbworks  for  uiaaonry  in  forti- 
fication, 1849 ;  member  of  ruyalcommi8di(Hi  to  inquire  in  to 
defence:*  of  Uie  United  Kingdom,  1867 ;  inspector  of  public 
b»il(iiui?i«  uud  monuments  :  gold  medallist  of  tbe  Institute 
of  Briti.-li  Architects,  1871 ;  maintained  the  compara- 
tively recent  erection  of  Stonebenge;  recast  his  earlier 
writings  in  *  A  Hiotorv  of  Architecture  in  all  Ck)untries 
from  tbe  KarUest  TimeB  to  the  Present  Day,*  1865-7 :  pub- 
lished '  Fire  and  Serpent  Worship  .  .  .  from  the  Sculptures 
of  tbe  Buddhist  Toim»i  at  SanchI  and  Amravati,*  1868. 

[xvui.  360] 

FSROU8S0H,  BOBBRT  (1760-1774),  Scottish  poet; 
matriculated  at  St.  Andrews,  1766 ;  extracting  clerk  in 
commissary  clerk's  offloo,  and  for  a  time  in  sheriff  clerk's 
office:  contributed  paftorals  to  Kuddiman's  *  Weekly 
Magazine,'  1771 ;  published '  Poems,'  1773,  and  subsequently 
tbe  *  Fanner's  Ingle,'  the  prototype  of  Bums's  *  Cottar's 
Saturday  Night,*  1773  ;  died  insane  from  the  effects  of  a 
faU.  [xviii.  362] 

FXBOUSSOH,  ROBERT  OUTLAR  (1768-18S8X  judge 
advocate-general ;  barrister,  Lincoln's  Inn,  1797 ;  defended 
John  Allen  on  a  charge  of  high  treason,  1798 ;  fined  and 
impriiM>ned  (1799)  for  his  alleged  share  in  tbe  attempted 
rescue  of  Arthur  O'Connor  from  the  dock  at  Maidstone, 
1798;  attorney-general  at  Calcutta;  liberal  M.P.,  Kirk- 
cudbright stewartry,  1836 :  judge  advocate-general,  and 
privy  councillor,  1834  ;  advocated  cause  of  Poland. 

[xviiL  364] 

FEBOU880H,  WILLIAM  (1773-1846),  Inspector- 
general  of  military  hospitals  ;  M.D.  Edinburgh :  assistant- 
b>urgeou  in  the  army  in  Holland,  tbe  West  Indies,  the 
Baltic,  the  Peninsula,  and  Ouadaloupe ;  pointed  out  and 
discussed  the  frequent  occurrence  of  malarial  fevers  on 
arid  soiL^ ;  his  *■  Notes  and  Recollectiouii  of  a  Professional 
Life '  published  posthumously.  [xviii.  366] 

FEROUSSOH,  Sir  WILLIAM  (1808-1877),  surgeon : 
educated  at  Edinburgh  High  School  and  University: 
surgeon  to  Edinbiu'gh  IU)yal  Dispensary,  1831-6  ;  tied 
sabclaviau  artery,  1831 ;  surgeon  to  Edinburgh  Royal  In- 
firmary, 1836-40;  professor  of  surgery.  King's  College, 
London.  1K40-70 ;  created  baronet,  1866 :  sergeant-surgeon 
to  Quoin  Victoria,  1867  ;  P.R.C.S.,  1870:  honorary  LL.D. 
Edinburgh,  1876 ;  F.R.S. :  clinical  professor  of  sui^rery 
and  senior  surgeon  at  King's  College  Hospital;  a  great 

*  conservative '  surgeon  and   dissector;   principal  work, 

*  System  of  Practical  Surgery,'  1842.  [xviiL  366] 

FSRIA,  DUCHK.S.S  OF  (1638-1612).  [See  Dormer, 
Jank.] 

FEEDTOS,  RICHARD  de  (d.  1306),  archbishop  of 
Dublin ;  friend  of  Archbishop  Peckham :  archdeacon  of 
Canterbury,  1281-99 ;  archbishop  of  Dublin,  1299 ;  com- 
posed feud  between  Christ  Church  and  St.  Patrick's, 
Dublin,  by  gi\'ing  equality  to  both  and  precedence  to 
Christ  Church,  1300 ;  endowed  St.  Patrick's,  13u3 ;  sum- 
moned to  the  Eiiglish  parliament,  1303.  [  wilL  367] 


7EBME,    FABHOLME,   or  FAIBHOLK, 

CHARLES  (1666-1617),  principal  of  Fraserburgh  Uni- 
versity;  of  humble  origin;  M.A.  Edinburgh,  1688; 
regent,  1590;  accepted  the  charge  (1698)  of  Philorth, 
Aberdeenshire,  Incorporated  in  1613  mider  the  name  of 
FraserburghfWhere  Sir  Alexander  Frascr  (1637-1623)  [q.  v.] 
had  obtained  a  royal  grant  for  the  erection  of  a  college 
and  university ;  principal  1600.  Fraserburgh  University 
came  to  an  end  at  his  death.  [xviiL  368] 

FEEMANAOH,   third  VibcouNT  (1712  7-1791).    See 

VERXKY,  llALl'U.] 

FERMANAGH,  Lord  ov  {d.  1600).    [See  Maguire, 

HUOH.] 

FEBMOS,  HENRIETTA  LOUISA,  Couxtess  op 
PoMPRET(</.  1761),  letter-writer;  nie  Jeffreys  ;  married 
Thomas  Fenuor,  second  baron  Leominster,  1720 ;  lady  of 
tbe  bedchamber  to  Queen  Caroline  till  1737 ;  wrote  a 
'  life '  of  Vandyke  at  Rome ;  pridnue  ridieule^  and  writer 
oi;  dull  and  affected  letters.  [xviiL  369] 


FSKMOS,  Sir  JOHN  (d.  1671),  aoo  of  Ricbani 
Keruior  [q.  v.]  ;  knighted,  1663  ;  ILP.  for  Kortliamptao- 
>hire,  1563  and  1666  ;  Hhoriff,  1667.  [xriiL  370] 

FEKXOR  or  FERMOVR.  RICHARD  (</.  1662).  msr- 
chaut  of  the  staple  of  Calais;  licensed  to  ex{iort  ax 
hundnxl  sacks  of  wooL  1616  ;  personally  assisted  Wobiey's 
agent  In  Florence,  1624 ;  sheriff  for  Bedford  and  Bock- 
ingham,  1632  and  1633 ;  stripped  of  all  his  lands  under 
tbe  statute  of  prwmuuire,  1640 ;  restored  to  bis  property. 
1560.  [xviii.  369] 

FERHOR,  THOMAS  WILLIAM,  fourth  Barl  op 
POMVRET  (1770-1833),  general ;  ensign,  1791 :  present  at 
Linoelles  and  tbe  sieges  of  Valenciennes  and  Dunkiit, 
1793 ;  lieutenant,  1794  ;  FJLS.  and  F.S.A. ;  took  part  in 
Helder  expedition,  1799;  major-general,  181S;  reoeivBd 
medal  for  battle  of  Salamanca,  1812 ;  knight  of  tbe  Tower 
and  Sword ;  lieutenant-general,  1826.  [xviiL  370] 

FERKOR,  FARMER,  or  FERMOVR,  Sir  WILUAM 
(1623  7-1661X  royaUst;  created  baronet,  1641;  privy 
councillor  to  Prince  Charles;  compouzuled  with  the 
Commonwealth ;  pri%'y  councillor,  1660 ;  M.P.  for  Brack- 
ley,  and  deputy-lieutenant  for  Northamptonshire,  1661; 
K JJ.,  1661.  [xviiL  371] 

FERMOR,  WILLL^M,  Barok  Leomixhter  (d.  1711), 
connoisseur ;  son  of  Sir  William  Fermor  [q.  v.]  ;  created 
Baron  L*M>minster,  1692  ;  laid  out  country  seat  at  Eastoo 
Neston,  adorning  it  with  some  of  the  Arundel  marblsK 

[xviiL  37r 

FERMOT,  seventh  Viscount  (1573  ?-1636).  [dee 
Roche,  David.] 


:,  HENRY  (1602-1662X  bishop  of  Chester :  m 
of  Sir  John  Feme  [q.  v.]  ;  educated  at  Uppingham  aod 
St  Mary  Hall,  Oxford:  pensioner  (1620)  and  fellov  of 
Trinity  College,  Cambridge:  archdeacon  of  Letcester, 
1641 :  D.D.  Cambridge,  1642 ;  joined  royal  foroes  tt 
Nottingham  ;  chaplain  extraordinary  to  Chsrks  I: 
chaplain  in  ordinary ;  obliged  to  abandon  his  liTio?  <tf 
Medboume  for  writing  in  support  of  Charles  I,  1943: 
DJ).  Oxford,  1643 ;  given  patent  for  next  vacancy  ia 
mastership  of  Trinity  College,  Cambridge:  coisared 
Harrington's  *  Oceana,'  1666;  master  of  Trinity  College, 
Cambridge,  1660-2;  vice-chancellor,  1660  and  1661:  deu 
of  Ely,  1661 :  bishop  of  Chester,  1662  ;  published  tbeolocnotl 
pamphlets,  1647-^.  [xviiL  273] 


;,  Sir  JOHN  (rf.  1610?),  writer  on  heraldry: 
stodied  at  Oxford  and  the  Inner  "Temple :  broogbt  out 
*  The  Blazon  of  Gentrie,'  1686,  of  which  the  seoond  pan 
dealt  with  Albertus  k  Lasco's  provedly  untenable  daim  to 
be  descended  from  tbe  Lacy  family;  knighted,  IW; 
joint-secretary  and  keeper  of  the  si^et  in  tbe  north, 
1604.  [xviiL  373] 


JOHN  (1782-1860),  animal  painter: 
given  commissions  to  paint  hunting,  and  occasionally 
racing  or  coaching,  scenes.  [xviiL  374.^ 

FERRABEE,  GEORGE  (jl.  1613).    [See  Ferkbe.] 

FERRAB0800  or  FERAB0800,  ALFONSO  (/. 
•  1644-1687),  musical  composer:  of  Italian  oriinn*;  pea- 
sioned  by  Elizabeth,  1567 ;  composed.  Mrith  William  ^frd, 
'  Medulla  Musicke '  (settings  of  '  Miserere '  plain-«oof ). 
published.  1603 ;  composed  madrigals ;  took  serrioe  it 
the  ducal  court  of  Savoy.  [xviiL  37i] 

FERRAB0800  or  FERAB0800,  ALFONSO  (J^ 
1628X  lutenist  and  composer ;  son  of  Alfonso  Ferrabosoo 
(1644-1687)  [q.  v.]  :  introduced  the  new  Italian  style  d 
music  into  England :  extraordinary  groom  of  tbe  privy 
chamber  and  musical  instructor  to  Prince  Henr}%l^' 
author  of  'Ayres,'  1609,  and  a  ^Fantasie'  and  'FftviB.' 
1610 ;  composer  in  ordinary,  1626.  [xviii.  376] 

FERRAB0800,  ALFONSO  (d.  1661),  musician  uA 
composer;  son  of  Alfonso  Ferrabosco  (d.  16S8)  [<!.▼•]• 
'viol*  in  the  king's  band,  and  musician  in  ordinaiy. 
1628.  [xvilL377] 

FERRAB08(X).  JOHN  (d.  1682X  organist  of  Qy 
Cathedral ;  Mus.  Bac.,  p^  literat  rfgieu^  Cambridge.  1671 : 
possibly  introduced  'Chanting  Service'  into  Ely  Oatte- 
draL  [xviiL  377] 

FERRAR,  NICHOLAS  (1692-1637X  theologian;  BX 
and  feUow,  Clare  Hall,  Cambridge.  1610  ;  MJL ;  attcndtfl 
Elizabeth,  queen  of  Bohemia,  to  Holland,  1613:  devotsi 


Jb^JJjRfv  A  n> 


429 


FFENNELIi 


iffalrs  of  the  Virginia  Gompaoy,  1619  ; 
ihip  of  geometry  at  Qmham  Odlege, 
(  member  of  parliament  in  the  impeaoh- 
rl  of  Middlesex,  1624  ;  retired  to  Uttle 
IngdoDflhlre,  1636  ;  deacon,  1636  :ohaplain 
ommunity  at  Little  Giddiug,  oompoeed  of 
id  tnrother-in-lkw*B  families;  introdooed 
ide  into  his  brotherhood ;  Tisited  by 
his  ^Arminian  nunnery*  broken  up  by 
1647  ;  friend  of  George'  Herbert ;  left  in 
nony  of  the  Gospels,  and  also  of  the 
md  Chronicles.  [zriil.  S77] 

OBBRT  (d.  1666X  bishop  of  St.  David's ; 
»ridge ;  Augostlnian  canon  and  monk  of 
ry,  Oxford;  converted  to  Luttieranism, 
pelled  to  recant:    accompanied  William 

[q.  v.]  on  his  embassy  to  Scotland,  16S5  ; 
Id's  at  Noetell :  D  J). ;  bishop  of  St.  David'd, 
ST ;  technical  errors  in  the  wording  of  his 
tovered  by  his  prejudiced  chapter;  kept 
sen  Mary  s  aocettsion,  after  being  cited  to 
9f  premunire ;  deprived  of  his  bishopric, 
by  Gardiner  with   having  violated  his 

chastity ;  burnt  at  the  stake,  1666. 

[xviii.  880] 

Baron  (1663-1731).     [See  Tichbobnk, 

Irst  Baron  db(1765-1811).    [See  Town8- 

I 
I 

OP  Grobt,  eighth  Baron  (1432-1461)l 

third  Baron  (d.  1688).    [See  Dbvkreux, 

Earls.  [See  Shirley,  Lacrvncr,  fourth 
):  ^HiRLKY,  Washixoton,  fifth  Karl, 

BENJAMIN  (d.  1732),  portraltpainter ; 
rom  birth.  [xviii.  382] 

SDWARD  ((f.  1664) :  confounded  byWood, 
lim  as  a  disUnguished  dramatist  (after 
MereR),  with  George  Ferrert*  [q.  v.] 

[xviii.  382] 
OBOROB  (1600  7-1679X  poet  and  pohti- 
rf  canon  law,  Cambridge,  1631 ;  tranitlHted 
into  EngUsh,  1634 ;  member  of  LinoolnV 
Qouth,  1642,  1646,  and  1663  ;  said  to  tiave 
icotn  with  great  barbarity  when  campaign- 
*  of  Someniet,  1648 ;  '  nuu^ter  of  the  king  > 
knd  1652 ;  lord  of  misrule  to  Queen  Mary, 
n  suppressing  W  vattV  rebellion,  1664 ; 
1664  and  1666.  St.  Albans,  1671 ;  devised 
the  ^ries  of  historical  poem:*  entitled 
istrates  '  (complete  edition,  16 78)  ;  wrote 
srtmasriaes.  [xviii.  383] 

HENRY  i>E  (/.  1086),  Dome^Iay  fonunit*- 
baron :  fought  at  Hastings,  1(M>6. 

[xviii.  385] 
HENRY  (1549-1633),  antiquary  ;  son  of 
[q.  v.]  ;  educated  at  Oxford,  probably  at 
ecied  materials  (utili«vd  by  Dugdale)  for 
arw^ick^bire,  his  native  county. 

[xviii.  385] 
JOHN  r  1271  1324),  son  of  Robert  Ferrers, 
Ferren*  [q.  v.] ;  joined  Bohun  and  Bigod 
>r  the  charters  :  ^uoinioned  to  parliament, 

[xviii.  388] 

JOSEPH  (1725-1797 J,  Carmelite  friar; 
L,  1746 :    pruvincial  of  the  English  (.'ar- 

[xviiL  38«] 

RICHARD  (Jt.  1690).    [See  Ferri8.] 

ROBERT  DB  (d.  1139), warrior;  son  of 
t  [q.  v] ;  one  of  the  English  leaders  at 
L38 ;  created  earl,  1138.  [xviii.  386j 

ROBERT,  Earl  of  Derby  or  Ferrerb 
married  one  of  Henry  Ill's  Poitevin  rela- 
:  Prince  Edward  prisoner,  1263  ;  deteated 
ter,  12M ;  shut  up  in  the  Tower  by  Mont- 
from  the  king's  anger,  1266  ;  headed  the 
'66  ;  specially  exempted  from  the  general 


oompoeition  of  the  *  Dictum 
leased  from  prison,  1S69. 


da  KanUwortb,'  1M6 ;  rt- 
[xvlU.886] 

BENJAMIN  (1810-1880),  architect;  of 
Huguenot  origin  ;  employed  on  the  detail  drawings  of  the 
National  Gkdlery ;  part-author  of  *  Antiquities  of  the 
Priory  Church  of  Christohurch,  Hants,'  18S4 ;  restored, 
when  hon.  diocesan  architect,  1841-80,  nave,  transepts, 
and  Lady  (Chapel  of  Wells  (^thedral,  1842 ;  twice  vice- 
president  of  Royal  Institute  of  British  Architects ;  P.S.A., 
1863 :  published  recollections  of  the  two  Pugins,  1861. 

[xviiL  388] 

FXRSIAB,  JOHN  (1761-1816),  physician:  M.D. 
Edinburgh,  1781 ;  his  essay  on  Massiuger  reprintal  in 
Gifford's  edition  (1806);  physician  of  the  Manchester 
Infirmary,  1789-1816 ;  introduced  many  sanitary  reforms 
when  on  the  Manchester  board  of  health  ;  published 
works  including  'Medical  Hif>tories  and  Reflection**,' 
1792-6-8,  and  ♦  Illustrations  of  Sterne,'  1798. 

[xvUL  889] 

rmtRTER,  JAMES  FRRDKHIGK  (1808-1864),  nieta- 
phvsician ;  studied  at  Edinburgh  University  and  Mag- 
dalen College,  Oxford;  B.A.  Magdalen  College,  Oxford, 
1881 ;  advocate,  1832 ;  studied  German  phUosophy  at 
Heidelberg,  1834  :  professor  of  civil  history,  Edinburgh, 
1842-6 ;  professor  of  moral  philosophy  and  poUtical 
economy  at  St.  Andrews,  1846-64  ;  published  "  Institutes 
of  MetaphjTsic,'  1864,  re-interpretlng  Berkeley  in  the  light 
of  Ciemuui  idealism.  [xviU.  390] 

TERBIXR.  SUSAN  EDMONSTONE  (1782-1864X 
novelist;  visited  Sir  Walter  Scott,  1811,  1829,  and  1831 ; 
published  'Marriage,*  1818,  'The  Inheritance,'  1824, and 
•  Destiny,'  1831,  three  novels,  [xviii.  391] 

7ERBI8.    [See  also  Ferrkrh.] 


RICHARD  (yf.  1590),  adventurer :  a  mes. 
senger  in  Queen  Elizabeth's  household  ;  rowed  in  an  open 
boat  from  London  to  Bristol,  1690.  [xviii.  392] 

FESTDIO,  Sir  FRANCIS  WORGAN  (1833-1886), 
major-general ;  second  lieutenant,  royal  marines,  1860 ; 
commandeii  mortar  off  Sebastopol,  1866 ;  present  as 
adjutant  of  artiUeiy  at  bombaxxlmentof  Canton  ;  defeated 
Ashantees,  burning  Ehina,  1873  ;  virtually  administered 
government  of  (jold  COast,  1874 ;  colonel,  1874 ;  CJ3., 
1874 ;  K.C.M.G..  1874 ;  aidenle-oamp  to  Queen  Victoria, 
1879 ;  colonel  commandant,  royal  marine  artillery,  1886. 

[xviii.  392] 

FESTIKO,  MICHAEL  CHRISTIAN  (rf.  1762X  vio- 
linist and  composer  ;  member  of  George  II's  l)and  :  director 
of  the  Italian  opera,  1737  ;  director  of  the  '  IMiilharmonic 
Society  * :  initiated  Rqyal  Society  of  Musicians  from  sub- 
scription for  the  indigent  family  of  a  German  oboe- 
player,  1738;  composed  concertos,  solos,  sonatas  for 
stringed  instruments,  and  'Sylvia,*  a  cantata. 

(xviii.  393] 

PETHXRSTOH.  RICHARD  {d.  1540X  Roman  catho- 
lic martyr ;  chaplain  to  Catherine  of  Arragon  ;  school- 
master to  the  Princess  Mary  ;  wrote  against  Henry  V Ill's 
divorce  from  Catherine  of  Arragon  :  hanged  for  refusing 
the  oath  of  supremacy.  [xviii.  394] 

FETHERSTONHAUOH,  Sir  TIMOTHY  (d.  1661), 
royalist ;  member  of  Gray's  Inn,  1620 ;  knighted,  lt»28  ; 
tjiken  prisoner  at  battle  ot  Wigan  Lane  ;  t>eheaded. 

[xviii.  394] 

FETTSS,  Sir  WILLIAM  (1750-1836),  founder  o( 
Fettes  College,  Edinburgh ;  merolmnt,  underwriter,  and 
contractor  for  military  stores;  lord  provo!»t  of  iJdin- 
burgh,  1800  aud  1805:  created  baronet,  18iM  ;  devot(<i 
part  of  his  estate  to  form  endowment  for  e«iucation  of 
orphan  or  otherwise  needy  children.  1K3U,  a  ^clle^u•  which 
developed  into  the  present  Fettes  College,      [xviii.  396] 


Baron NE    de    (1790-1840).        [See 


FBTJCHiESB, 

Dawep,  Sophia.] 

FSVEB8HAJI,  Earls  of.  [See  Sondes,  Sir  George, 
fii»t  Earl,  1600-1677 ;  DcRAS,  Louis,  !«econd  Earl. 
16iO?-17U9.] 

F7SKNELL,  WILLIAM  JOSHUA  (1799-1867), 
fishery  reformer  ;  J.P.,  1834 ;  called  attention  with  Lorn 
Gleng^  to  the  neglected  state  of  the  Suir  salmon 
fisheries  ;  brought  about  the  salmon-fishery  acts  of  1842. 
1844,  and  1845,  and  •  Ffennell's  Act,'  1848;  inspector  of 
salmon  fisheries  for  England  and  Wales,  1861. 

CzTiii.896] 


FFRATD 


480 


FTFTiDEN 


F7BAZD,  I.  D.  (1814-1876).    [See  Etans,  John.] 

IIAOBB  or  IIACHSACH,  Saint  (d.  670  ?X  Irish 
noble ;  founded  monastery  at  Breail,  on  land  given  him 
by  Paro,  bishop  of  Meaax ;  chiefly  celebrated  for  his 
miracaloos  core  of  a  tamoor,  since  known  as  *  le  flo  de  St. 
Fiaoxe  * ;  enshrined  in  Meaox  Oathedral,  1568 ;  part  of  his 
body  given  to  the  grand-doke  of  Tuscany,  1617,  part  to 
Oardinal  RicheUen,  1637.  The  saint's  name  was  given  to 
the  French  hackney  carriage  from  1640,  beoaose  at  the 
Hdtel  de  St.  Fiacre  in  Paris  hackney  carriages  were  then 
first  kept  on  hire.  [xviU.  896] 

nOH,  FTOH,  or  FTOHS,  THOMAS  (d.  1617), 
eoclesiastio and  compiler;  studied  at  Oxford ^  sab-prior 
of  convent  of  Holy  Trinity,  Dublin :  author  of  a  £atin 
necrology  of  the  convent,  entitled  '  Mortilogium  *  (printed 
by  the  Irish  Arclueological  Society,  1844),  and  of  the 
'  White  Book  of  Ohrist  Church,  Dublin.*       [xviU.  397] 

FIDOSS,  RIOHARD  (1671-1726),  divine  and  his- 
torian: BJL  University  Oollege,  Oxford,  1691;  non 
resident  rector  of  Hal  wham,  1696 ;  chaplain  of  Hull,  by 
Sveift's  influence,  1713-14;  chaplain  to  the  Earl  of  Ox- 
ford, 1718-14 :  published  '  Theologia  SpeonlaUva,'  1718, 
and  *  Theologia  Praotioa,*  1780;  D.D.  Oxford;  attacked 
Mandeville  in  *A  General  Treatise  of  Morality,'  1734; 
unfairly  represented  as  a  papist  on  account  of  bis  ^  Life 
of  Oardinal  Wolsey,'  1784.  [xviiL  897] 


r,  BARRON  (1786-1846),  lawyer  and  miscel- 
laneous writer ;  son  of  Henry  Field  [q.  v.] ;  intimate 
with  Lamb,  Coleridge,  Wordsworth,  Hazlitt,  and  Leigh 
Hunt ;  barrister,  Inner  Temple,  1814 ;  theatrical  critic  to 
the '  Times ' ;  advocate-fiscal  in  Ceylon ;  judge  of  supreme 
court  of  New  South  Wiles,  1817-24 ;  engaged  in  party 
conflicts;  chief- justice  of  Qibraltar;  published  (1811)  an 
analysis  of  Blackstone's  ^Oommentaries'  (frequently  re- 
printed), and  edited  *  Oeographical  Memoirs  on  New 
South  Wales,*  1836 ;  edited  a  few  of  He3rwood*s,  and  one 
of  Legge's,  plays  for  the  Shakespeare  Society:  original 
poet  with  *  First  Fruits  of  Australian  Poetry '  (privately 
printed,  1819).  [xvilL  399] 


.,  BDWIN  WILKINS  (18D4-1871X  law  re- 
former  and  amateur  artist ;  son  of  William  Field  [q.  v.]  ; 
attorney  and  solicitor,  1886  ;  established  firm  of  Slmrpe  & 
Field  in  Oheapeide;  the  abolition  of  the  court  of  ex- 
chequer as  an  equity  court  and  the  appointment  of  two 
additional  vice-chancellors  (1841)  due  to  his  *Observa- 
tloosof  a  Solicitor,'  1840:  suggested  provisions  of  trust- 
deed  executed  by  Robert  Hibbert  [q.  v.],  1847  ;  a  conuniii- 
sioner  to  report  on  aocountant-general's  deiMrtment  of 
chancery  court,  1861 ;  amateur  artist ;  his  ^ws  on  the 
option  of  contract  reidised  by  the  act  of  1870. 

[xviii.  401] 
FIELD,  FREDERICK  (1801-1886),  divine;  son  of 
Henry  Field  [q.  v.]  ;  educated  at  Christ's  Hospital :  tenth 
wrangler,  chancellor's  classical  medallist,  and  Tyrwhitt's 
Hebrew  sch<dar.  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  1833 ;  fellow, 
1884 ;  examiner  for  classical  tripos,  1833  and  1837 ;  In- 
cumbent of  Great  Saxham  and  (1842-63)  of  Reepham: 
LL.D.  Cambridge,  1874;  original  member  of  the  Old 
Testament  revision  company,  1870 ;  edited  homilies  by 
St.  Chrysoetom,  1839  and  1849-68,  and  Origen's '  Hexapla ' 
(In  parts,  finished  1874X  [xviii.  403] 

FIELD,  FREDERICK  (1836-1886),  chemist ;  chemist 
to  copper-smelting  works  at  Coquimbo  in  Chili,  1848-58 ; 
manager  at  Caklera,  1853;  first  to  discover  lapis  lazuli 
in  South  America,  1861  ;  vice-consul  of  Caldera,  1863 ; 
sub-manager  to  smelting-works  at  Guayacan,  1866-9 : 
professor  of  chemistry,  London  Institution,  1868. 

[xvliL404] 

FIELD,  GEORGE  (1777  ?-1864),  chemist ;  8ucoeede<l 
in  cultivating  madder  in  his  own  garden,  reducing  it  to 
its  finest  consistence  by*  the  *  physeter,*  his  own  inven- 
tion ;  Isis  medallist,  Society  of  Arts,  1816 :  chief  works 
*  Chromatography,  or  a  treatise  on  Colours  and  Pig- 
ments,' 1836,  and  '  Rudiments  of  the  Painter's  Art,  or  a 
Grammar  of  Colouring,'  1850.  [xviii.  406] 

FIELD,  HENRY  (1766-1837),  apothecary ;  apothecar} 
to  Clirist's  Hospital,  1807-37;  M.  Soc.  Apoth. ;  esta- 
blished gratuitous  courses  of  lectures  ou  materia  medicti 
at  Apothecaries'  Hall;  one  of  the  medical  ofSctTH  at- 
tached to  the  dty  of  London  board  of  health  to  meet 
threatened  epidemic  of  cholera,  1831.  [xviiL  405] 


FIELD,  HENRY  IB60T  (1797-1848),  pianist;  ado- 
oated  at  Bath  granunar  school;  perfonnad  Jofaana 
Hummel's  grand  sonata,  oeuvre  98,  wiUi  tlwniaiitar,  1830 : 
paralysed,  1848.  [xviiL  406] 

FIELD  or  FXILD,  JOHN  (1636  ?-1687X  '  pTOto^>>per- 
nlcan  *  of  England ;  public  instructor  in  sctenoe,  Loodoo ; 
granted  crest  and  confirmation  of  arms,  1658 ;  represen- 
tative work,  *  Bphemeris  anni  1667  currentis  joxta  Coper- 
nici  et  Beinholdl  canones  ...  ad  Meridiannm  Londi- 
nensem  .  .  .  supputata,'  1556.  [xviii  406] 

FIELD,  JOHN  ((/.  1588).    [See  Fkiuhc] 

FIELD,  JOHN  (1788-1837),  composer ;  oomposed  and 
performed  concerto,  1799 ;  taken  by  his  master,  CloneBti, 
to  St.  Petersburg  as  a  salesman,  1803  ;  hia  tdaying  ad- 
mired by  Spohr,  1808 ;  settled  in  Moeoow  between  18M 
and    1888:   died  at   Moscow;   chiefly  famous  for  Ue 

*  Nocturnes,'  romantic  music  which  inspired  Chopin. 

[xviiL  407] 
FIELD,  JOSHUA  (1787  ?-1863X  civU  engineer ;  nvt- 
ner  in  firm  of  Maudslay,  Sons  &  Field  oC  TAwihwHt, 
which  constructed  (1838)  engines  capable  of  propeUiiv  s 
vessel  across  the  Atlantic :  part-foundar  of  T*MTt4tiTtMtB  <rf 
CivU  Engineers,  1817;  F.as.  1836;  praiUent  LOJL, 
1848.  [xviii.  408] 

FIELD,  NATHANIEL  (1587-1638),  aetor  and  drama- 
tist; one  of  the  six  principal  comedians  of  the  (MidnD 
of  the  Queen's  Bevels  who   performed    Ben   Jeosool 

*  Cynthia's  Revels '  in  1600 ;  acted  in  pli^  by  Sbtkt- 
spearc,  Ben  Jonson,  and  Beaumont  and  Fletcher ;  his  name 
made  synonymous  with  *  best  actor  *  in  J<m8on*a  *  Bartho- 
lomew Fair,'  1614 ;  probably  performed  himsdf  in  ha 
'A    Woman's   a    Weathercock,'     publiahed    1613,  and 

*  Amends  for  Ladies,'  publishcNl  1618 ;  coUaborated  in 
Massinger's  *  Fatal  Dowry,'  1633.  [xviiL  408] 

FIELD  or  DB  LA  FIELD,  RICHARD  (1664  ?-l«M), 
Jesuit ;  studied  at  Dooay :  superior  of  Irish  Jesuit  nil- 
sion,  e,  1600.  [xviiL  410] 

FIELD,  RIOHARD  (1561-1616X  divine ;  BJL  M^- 
dalen  College,  Oxford,  1581 ;  M.A.,  and  '  Catechism  1«> 
turer,*  Magdalen  Hall,  1684 ;  D.D.,  1696 :  divinity  leotonr, 
Lincoln's  Inn,  1594 :  chaplain  In  ordinary  to  Queen  SUia- 
beth,  1598 :  Installed  prebendary  of  Windsor,  1601,  bj  a 
grant  dating  from  1603 ;  chaplain  to  James  I ;  dean  d 
Gloucester,  1610  :  discussed  theology  with  James  I:  friaid 
(rf  Hooker ;  sincerely  mourned  by  James  L  His  gmt 
work, '  Of  the  Church  Five  Bookes '  (fliat  palriiibed,ll06> 
is  a  masterpiece  of  polemical  divinity.  [xviiL  410] 

FIELD,  RICHARD  (yf.  1679-1684X  London  printer 
and  stationer ;  free  of  the  Stationers'  Company,  Ittt', 
sole  licensee  for  first  edition  of  Harington's  tnuttlstkn  of 
'  Orlando  Furioao,*  1693 ;  master  of  the  Stationen'  Oon- 
pany,  1630 ;  fdlow  townsman,  and  probably  a  parMsil 
friend  of  Shakespeare,  printing  *  Venus  and  Adooia,*  IM 
1594,  and  1696,  as  well  as  the  first  (1694)  sdition  cf 
'Lucrece.'  [xviiL  4W] 

FIELD,  THEOPHILUS  (1674-1686X  bishop  of  Bel^ 
ford ;  brother  of  Nathaniel  Field  [q.  v.] ;  fellow  of  Ba^ 
broke  Hall,  Cambridge,  1698 ;  MJL,  1699 ;  MA.  Ozfoii 
1600;  D.D. ;  chaplain  to  James  I  and  Lord-diaooeBor 
Bacon ;  consecrated  bishop  of  Llandaff  by  the  InflnaM 
of  Buckingham,  1619 :  Impeached  by  the  Ooounooi  to 
brocage  and  bribery  before  his  promotion,  and  admooisbed 
In  the  convocation  house,  1631 ;  bisih<n>  of  St.  DiavidX  i^  • 
obtained  see  of  Hereford,  1635  ;  edited  « Elegies  on  ^ 
Death  of  Sir  Oratio  PaUaviclno,*  1600.  [xviiL  419] 

FIELD,  THOMAS  (1546 7-1636),  Jesuit;  stodisd  •> 
Paris  and  Douay ;  M.A.  Louvaln ;  spiritual  ooadJBtar  f^ 
the  Society  of  Jesus ;  lived  for  some  years  in  Bniiltt^ 
Paraguay ;  put  by  English  pirates  into  an  open  boit|ii> 
which  he  drifted  to  Buenos  Ayres,  1586 ;  died  at  tbe 
Assumption  SetUement  [xviiL  414] 

FIELD,  WILLIAM  (1768-1861),  onitaiian  minkter: 
minister  of  the  presbyterian  oongregatioB  at  Wanrii^ 
1790-1843 ;  friend  of  Dr.  Samuel  Parr ;  started  a  Ssndif 
school  (the  first  in  Wamtick),  which  led  to  a  painpbl)^ 
war  with  some  local  clergy,  1791 ;  kept  boarding-seboolst 
Learn ;  publiahed  pamphlets,  sermons,  and  a  histoiT  <^ 
Warwick  and  Leamington,  1815.  [xrliL  414] 

FIELDEir,  JOHN  (1784-1849),  M.P.  for  OUteB*. 
partner  with   his  father,  and  sabseqneittlj  wttb  life 


FiEimnsB 


— ,  — .  -bwtSs  1 — , 

CtW  an  iMOlaMoa  tor  nmorlng  Peal  frmn  th*  priTjr 
omaM,  UM ;  wtmd  wcvod  ndUng  ol  Tm  Hom'^BUl, 
KM  at  IMT;  HOiUiid  "Tlia  lllHhld^  uid  iDlqalUKi 
<riPuBlf<ia*f>UM,*ia  Mbv  mrki  ud  puapbleU. 
tHtodlBB  *  Tin  Omit  of  Um  Faotny  Sfttfni.'  IBM. 

Be,  ANTONT  TANSYKB  OOFLBY  (17»7- 


!KI 


iiidKiBpe-palaMr  In  nter-colaor  ; 
vFMiUiK  [q.  T.] ;  oaniwnnid  U 
oadanT.iail;  iwuiled  ■  iwdiklBt 


jBttbePKUBiilOT, 

I ;  laBUmt  of  the  Wktcr^ohnr  Booletj,  IW-U. 

[itUL  41«) 

muma,  BABII^  nooBd  KuL  ov  OEiBiaH  (if. 
ICTtX    [Bee  ntiLmita.] 

imSIVff,  HBKBT  (ITOT-ITHX  DMeliit;  ooaEem 
watt  aHk  Pitt  end  Fm  M  Ktm ;  mt,  tfwr  ■  jouUi- 
M  ■eipia^  to  Itodr  law  at  Leidm ;  bnoirhtoat  ■  Itw 
(MdarflbeCiHi(i«?«Kbaol.inB-»:  baHwiDed  ill 
tkCfHdKplvnlBllle  of  the  daj  In  •  T«b  Tbamb,'  a 
bi^  inO;  mppinad  tbt  'dMnaMl  eeton'  at  Dray 
Uato  tbaoBOailBDid  Unrenn  bc^ed  t^  TbeophUni 
OMb;  ITM :  opOMd  llMtn  In  the  HnrmBrket  with 
'MiqA,*  ITit,  but  nn  np  Oa  euav  on  tbt  ftMas  ol 
mVLvtiOjiatttt'ewmiaiB.'  makliig a VuinBa  fncn  Uie 
iMi*«Biliiililii  nwnTlw  III  diamatto  parfcrmaBoce, 
ini;bHilit0,  lUddleTeaiplMIMtiRWlaMdimOaUEy 
CUft^'ApalOD'  IB  bit  paper,  the  'OhaDplop':  naro- 
Od  BWiwtaA  'PamdaMn-Tba  HUtonitf  tbeAd- 


■Bb  MM>a  be  e»<niatei  In  tranilaUiiB  Ariilopt 

■Pliitaa,'  ITdl ;  paUfadud '  HlaedlaulM,'  On  tbiri  • 

tmttiaiam  '  r— "--  WDd  the  Gnat,'  a  powirtfd  Htlte. 
U4> ;  kaped  tn  ndjj  paptn  In  wppnrt  ot  Ibo  Boreni- 
»^    17«  and  IW-81  J>.  (or  WsUmluMr.    17M; 

«■»  tbB  dad.  aa  Bophla.  1T4«  1  obalnua  of  qoartv 
M^aaaattBetaTi  Han.  1T4» :  itlaeked  Bclal  erili,  npn- 


hlblM  at  Uk  Brttiib  IniUtatioD.  Igia.<aid  altemuls  at 
dnwing-inaBter  at 
RY     ADOLPHHS 


Sodet;  ot  Palnlen  In  Wit«-«i 
(lie  n^  Military  AauUrmj,  Vf 

fulsiso,  ■ 


(1781-IMI),p«tnto.  ._ .  „ 

Theodore  Fleldlnff  [q.  v,1 :  twightdnmio^auipeTipecflTe 
at  But  Indli  OODipanj'i  Ullitary  Collfiie,  Ai&iioiDibe : 
Bnt  eiblblted  at  the  RDyal  AcBdfQ;y,  ire):  wnkcd  tn 
■Upple  and  aqoa^t ;  pabllBhtiO  works  od  t]ie  pmotloe  of 
art.  [iTltL  4M] 
THOMAS  <fl.  l/eU-ITMii  ogTBTer; 
-  ■Iwid'H  «Hr-'-  ■ 


eieooled  eBgiaiingB  In 


iKT. 


.117] 


Dooatr  poofluKiBa, 
ovtdtd  bifamiti  a 
Liuooecded  In  break 
>tU>bon;hl('Jini 


EXNRY  60BRON  (c 


jD^htcraTRlr  Richard  T^arkvllte:  married Grryvrj 

''.*.];   uomplaioed  to  Qaeeu  Ellzatjet^  of  her 

B^  Uvfrarrt  Lrnoard.  for  allegod  calumnkea; 

[.rtlL.  «T1 
t,  EDWARD,  EiBL  or  LiNcnLH  <ltiJ.|gft>. 

nsHms  n[  riEirzs,  greoory,  teotii  babon 

lintb  baton  tfcrt  [q,  v.] ;  r«t 
rt  o(  Chirl 
S,  JAlIBfi,  Habu] 


nnot  TboD 


f  and  Hnnei,  Ittt :  con- 
le  Cinque  porta  bj  patest, 
m,  1447 ;  lord  cbuDOerlaln 

Icrof'ADJOD  a^  Maine, 


XparlhunmtarianiBnof 
int  Baje^^^q.^; 

[KrtiL  «0J 
(leue!-I.G6B>,  wrllanKDta- 


VBUne,  Bn  JOHN  (d.  ITW),  raaclMrite:  balf-  1  El'  '■ 
kMkv  of  Bemr  Fleldliw  [q.  t.]  ;  bibd,  apparentlj  from  Q^' 
■Wi;  eaiTlgdco  Hauj  nddlno'i  plan  tor  bmUoK  Dp  '■•'-' 
'*bB-ai«i;act(lnaUd(lTW)Klieinef«ienllug 'dif  ""^ 
tamdbiita'IntolbeRVBlnaTy;  pabliilwd  pwnphirt  on  ""'*' 
■•a  DBtBtrfNcwewtltra  poUoe  lOTce.  witb  ^ao  for  rcaculna 
WMd|li1i,in«;denDnni!tdla'ALeU«i  toBirJobn 
|Mdiac,  BwaitotJ  hr  bk  atnordlnarj  raqoHt  to  Mr. 
wiJBk  hr  tbe  pipiiiiaaloii  of  (he  "Bmar^  Opera,"' 


apeeoh  agaliut  eplBoopac; 
appointed  for  conal'leraUo] 
t  of  oommlttBe  of  i^etj.  II 


Brirtol,  IMS  ;  gnvemor  i 
dflatfa  for  -Improperly  t\ 
Hupert,  1043  ;  pamoQvd  :  c 


_    ..  .tdding 

BosMf  vt  Palntin  In  Water^eoloors, 

tangbt  tamlly  of  LonlB-PhlUppe  In  Paris : 

■  ^  "~- "  '"~-  known  for  hla  palDtbiKS  and 


It  in  Cromvell't 
at^ue  Cromwell 

Livlti.  *»] 
[XTlll.  t«3} 


B0BBRT(1U1 7-1713).    [a«  FmLDiNi).] 

.  SARAH  (l7U>-l7se>.  DOieliat :  ililcr  of 

Hoc  [q.  T-] :  wrote  ranancea.  Imladlnit  '  The 

od  DaTid  Simple  In  anrob  ol  ■  Patttalul  Friend.' 

'   ~  'IteBwrabUla'  and  'Apo- 


de«ndaUoD  fr 
difloonr  right 


ge.  Oitotd.  11 
aroD  Baye  and  ^Ic.  IGU  ;  adTlHd  Be 
im  the  peerage.  Iflil:  created  tIk 
o  pay  lDrc«l  loau.  16H  :  probably  111 
of  peem  to  ptoust:  oppwed  rBerri 


TIKUOrS.     TBALBB 


FIFE 


482 


FINOH 


arlBtocracy  shoald  be  established  In  New  Bnffland  rejected 
by  MassachotiettH  f^vernment ;  relinqaished  intention  of 
settling  in  New  England ;  relactantly  followed  the  king 
to  Scotland,  and  was  sent  away  on  refusing  military  oath, 
1639 :  roved  from  accusation  of  treason  by  the  impeach- 
ment of  Strafford,  1640 ;  privy  oounoillor  and  commis- 
sioner of  the  treasury,  1641 ;  lord-lieutenant  of  Oxfordshire, 
Gheshire,  and  Gloucestershire,  and  member  of  the  com- 
mittee of  safety,  164S  ;  sat  in  Westminster  A-Ssembly,  1648 : 
tamed  the  scale  in  favour  of  the  self-denying  ordinance 
on  two  occasions :  signed  engagement,  1647 ;  urged  the 
king,  from  selflsh  motives,  to  make  peace  with  the 
parliament  at  Newport,  1648 :  privy  ooandllor  aud  lord 
privy  seal,  1660;  nicknamed  *  Old  Subtlety':  wrote  two 
tracts  against  the  quakers.  [xviii.  433] 

FITS,  Earls  of.    [See  DurF,  Jamks,  second  Earl, 
1739-1809 :  Ddff,  Jambs,  fourth  Earl,  1776-1867.] 

Thank  or  Earl  of  (yf.  1056  ?)     [See  Mac- 


duff.] 


Sir  JOHN  (1795-1871),  surgeon  ;  M.R.OA  : 
army  asdstant-surgeon  at  Woolwich;  helped  to  found 
Newcastle  School  of  Medicine,  1834 ;  Reform  Bill  agitator 
in  the  north,  1831 ;  mayor  of  Newcastle,  1838-9  and  1843  ; 
knighted  (1840)  for  suppressing  chartist  outbreak,  1839  ; 
P.R.C.S.,  1844.  [xviiL  436] 

nOO,  JAICBS  id.  1734),  pugilist ;  taught  boxing  and 
swordsmanship  at  his  academy  in  Marylebone  Fields ; 
praised  as  a  swordsman  in  the  *■  TaUer '  and  *  Ouardian  * ; 
contended  with  Sparks  in  a  broadsword  duel  at  the  Little 
Theatre  in  the  Haymarket  before  the  Duke  of  Lorraine, 
1731 ;  occasionally  exhibited  bear-baiting  and  tiger-bait- 
ing, [xviii.  437] 


.,  WILLIAM  (1665  ?-158S),  Roman  catholic 
priest;  educated  at  Lincoln  Oollege,  Oxford,  and  the 
English  college,  Douay ;  priest,  1581 ;  missioner  in  Eng- 
land :  refused  to  save  his  life  by  conforming  to  the 
established  church  and  pleading  gruUty  to  conminiiication 
with  Edmund  Oampion,  a  prisoner ;  executed. 

[xviU.  438] 
FILOOGK,  ROGER  (d.  1601),  Jesuit ;  grammarian  and 
bateler  of  the  English  GoUege,  Douay;  sent  to  oolonise 
Philip  Il's  new  university  at  ValladoUd,  1590 ;  missioner 
in  England,  1598 ;  Jesuit,  1600 ;  executed,     [xviii.  438] 

FILLAH,  FOILAH,  or  FELAH  (with  other  varieties 
of  form).  Saint  (d.  777  ?X  Irish  missionary  in  Scotland : 
son  of  Feredach,  a  prince  in  Munster ;  Kilkoan  and  Kil- 
lellan,  two  churches  in  Argyllshire,  named  after  him ; 
joint-founder  of  abbey  at  Glendochart,  Perthshire;  his 
crwier  and  bell  still  preserved  in  museum  of  Society  of 
Antiquaries  of  Scotland,  Edinburgh.  One  of  his  arms, 
set  in  silver,  was  carried  by  Bruce  to  the  battle  of  Ban- 
nockbum.  [xviii.  438] 

FILLIAir,  JOHN  (/I.  1658-1680),  engraver  of  por- 
traits: pupil  of  William  Faithome  the  elder  [q.  v.]; 
mentioned  by  Evelyn  in  *  Sculptura,*  1662.    [xviii.  439] 

FILLS,  ROBERT  (/.  1563),  translator  from  the 
French ;  published  '  The  Lawes  and  Statutes  of  Geneva,' 
1 562 ;  translated,  among  other  works,* A  Briefe  and  Piththie 
Summe  of  the  Christian  Faith,'  from  Theodore  Beza,  1663. 

[xviii.  440] 

FHKER,  EDWARD  (/f.  1707X  dramatist;  founder's 
kinleUow,  All  Souls'  College,  Oxford,  1672;  B.A.,  1672: 
D.C.L.,  1681;  his  tragedy  'The  Unnatural  Brother,' 
coldly  received  on  the  stage,  1697;  defended  the  stage 
against  Jeremy  Collier  with  *  A  Defence  of  Plays,'  1707. 

[xviii.  440] 

FILMXB,  Sir  ROBERT  (d.  1653),  political  writer : 
matricuUted  at  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  1604: 
knighted  by  Charles  I ;  imprisoned  in  Leeds  Castle,  Kent, 
1644;  wrote,  among  othar  works,  *Patriaroha,  or  the 
Natural  Power  of  Kings  asserted'  (published  1680X  « 
manifesto  which  was  sharply  critioiaed  by  Locke. 

fxviii.  440] 

VISAS t  Saikt  (</.  661),  bishop  of  Lindisfarue :  monk 
of  lona ;  bishop  of  lindkfume,  652 ;  r^nilt  church  of 
Lindisfame;  baptised  Peada,  a  Mercian  prinoa,  and 
Bigebert,  king  of  the  East-Saxoos ;  oon?ecrated  St.  Cedd 
[q.  v.]  bishop  of  the  East-Saxons ;  adhered  to  the  Celtic 
celebration  of  Easter.  [xviii.  441] 

FINOH,    ANNE   (d.    1879).    [See  Conwav,   A.vnb, 

ViSCOUNTEBB.] 


FINOGH,  ANNE,  CouNTias  of  Wikchiuba  (d.  1790X 
poetess ;  wife  of  Heneage  Finch,  fourth  earU  son  of  Heneage 
Finch,  second  earl  [q.  v.] :  maid  of  honoor  to  the  seoood 
wife  of  James,  duke  of  York,  and  friend  o#  Pope  and 
Rowe,  who  complimented  her  in  vene  as  *  Axdelia '  and 
*  Flavia.*  Her  poem  on  *  Spleen '  appeared  in  1701  In 
Gildon'a  *  Misodlany,'  and  her  *  Miacdlany  Poems,  writlea 
by  a  Lady,'  in  1713.  [xix.  1] 

FINOS,  DANIEL,  second  BA.RL  OF  Nottinobam 
and  sixth  of  Winchilska  (1647-1730X  statfuman  ;  eidat 
son  of  Heneage  Pinch,  first  earl  of  Nottingham  [q.  v.] ; 
privy  councillor,  1680 ;  first  lord  of  the  admiral^,  1681-4 ; 
after  the  flight  of  James  II  proposed  a  regency  and  op- 
posed the  motion  declaring  Uie  throne  vacant ;  obCaioed 
modification  of  oaths  of  idlegiance  and  saprenuu^,  aal 
accepted  the  revolution ;  secretaiy-at-war,  1688-91: 
carried  the  Toleration  Act ;  failed  to  get  hit  Oompnhea- 
sion  Bill  passed;  reluctantly  dismissed  by  William  m. 
1693 ;  remained  out  of  office  tiU  the  king's  death ;  again 
secretary  of  state,  1703-4;  resigned  when  the  whigi 
became  predominant ;  throughout  the  reign  of  Anne  was 
active  as  the  bead  of  the  high  church  tories,  uid  (1711) 
carried  an  act  forbidding  the  occasional  oonfonnity  of 
dissenters;  opposed  preliminaries  of  peace  with  Fruioe, 
1711 ;  named  presidoit  of  council  bj  George  I  in  1714, 
but  dismissed  in  1716  for  advocating  knienoy  to  the 
Jacobite  peers.  [xiz-1] 

FINOH,  EDWARD  (Jl.  1630-1641).  royalist  divine: 
probably  younger  son  of  Sir  Henry  Finch  [q.  v.] ;  ^s- 
poosessed  of  the  vicarage  of  Christ  Chorah,  Newgate, 
by  the  parliamentary  committee,  1641;  pabliahed  *Ab 
Answer  to  the  Articles  exhibited  in  Parliament  agah»t 
Bdw.  Finch,'  1641.  [xix.  5] 

FINOH,  EDWARD  (1664-1738),  composer ;  fifth  m 
of  Heneage  Finch,  first  earl  of  Nottingham  [q.  v.] ;  ILA., 
1679 ;  fellow  of  Christ's  College,  Cambridge ;  preboidarrof 
York,  1704,  Canterbury,  1710:  a  'Te  Deum'  and  anthon 
by  him  found  in  Tudway's  manuscript  ooUectioo;  ha 
manuscript  *  Grammar  of  Thorough  Bass '  preaared  in 
Suing  Library,  Glasgow.  [xix.  i] 

FINOH,  EDWARD  (1756-1843),  general :  served  with 
Coldstream  gnanls  in  Flanders,  1798-6,  in  Ireland,  1796, 
and  the  Helder,  1799;  commanded  cavalry  under  Aber 
cromby  in  Egjrpt,  1801 .  and  brigade  of  gnanLt  in  Cc^xd- 
hagen  expedition,  1809;  MJ*.,  Cambridg«!  Univeratjr. 
1789-1819 ;  named  groom  of  the  l>edchamber,  1804. 

txlx.5] 

FINOH,  FRANCIS  OLIVER  (1803-1863),  water- 
colour  painter ;  worked  five  years  under  John  Varley  and 
joined  Society  of  Painters  in  Water-colours,  1822 :  painted 
many  views  of  Scottish  and  English  lawiscapes;  and 
printed  *  An  Artist's  Dream,'  a  collection  of  sonnets. 

[xix.«] 

FINOH,  Sir  HBNBAGE  (d.  16S1),  speaker  of  the 
House  of  Commons ;  grandson  of  Sir  Thomas  Finch  [q.  v.] ; 
barrister.  Inner  Temple,  1606 ;  MJP.,  Rye,  1607;  defended 
royal  prerogative  in  debate  on  impositions,  1610;  ILP., 
West  Looe,162l;  knighted,  1633 :  serjeant-at-law,  16SS ; 
recorder  of  London.  16S0,  and  M.P.  for  the  city,  1633-6; 
speaker,  1636.  [xix.  7] 

FINOH,  HENEAGE.  first  Earl  of  NormroHAV 
(1631-1682),  lord  chancellor :  eldest  son  of  Sir  Heneage 
Finch  [q.  v.]  :  distinguished  at  the  Inner  Temple  for  hk 
knowledge  of  municipal  law :  became  at  the  Beatoratiai 
M.P.  for  Canterbury  and  rolici tor-general ;  created  baroDSt 
1660;  M.P.  for  Oxford  University,  1661;  appointed 
attorney-general,  1670;  lord  keeper  of  the  seals,  1673: 
Baron  Finch  and  lord  chancellor,  1674;  and  Barl  of 
Nottingham,  1681 ;  a  zealous  and  able  supporter  of  poii<7 
of  court,  but  independent  as  judge ;  the  Amri  of  *  Abeakaa 
and  Achitopbel.*  [xix.  8] 

FINOH,  HENEAGE,  aeoond  Earl  of  Wdtchuoa 
(d.  1689),  provided  troops  for  the  king  in  the  graitt 
rebellion,  and  mon^  for  Charles  II  when  abroad ;  am- 
bassador nt  Constantinople,  1661-9 ;  published  aoooont  of 
his  embuiisy  (1661),  and  of  an  eruption  of  Mount  Btea, 
1669.  txix.  11] 

FINOH.  HENEAGE,  first  Earl  of  Atuvford 
(1647?-171'.4).  second  son  of  Heneage  Finch,  first  earl  of 
Nottingham  [q.  v.] ;  educated  at  Westminster  and  Christ 
Church,  Oxford;  king's  counsel,  1677,  and  solicitor- 
general,  1679-86  ;  dismissed  by  James  II,  1686  ;  kndlnf 


FINOH 


438 


FINGER 


raomid  for  the  seren  bishop?,  1688;  M.P.  for  Oxfbrd 
Ooiwnitjr  in  flevenU  parluunents :  created  Baron  Ouem- 
wy  mad  prirj  ooojiciUor,  1703 ;  created  Earl  of  Aylesford, 
1714.  [xix.  12] 

IDIOH,  SIB  HBNRY  (1&68-162SX  fMirjeant-at-law  ; 
noood  MO  of  Sir  Thomas  Finch  [q.  v.] :  educated  at 
OrM  €bl]e«e,  Oxford :  barrister,  Gray's  Inn,  1689 ;  M.P^ 
QMtcrboiY.  1S9S :  recorder  of  Sandwich.  1613 ;  ser  jeant- 
ttAAw  and  knighted,  1616 ;  one  of  those  employed  apon 
the  attonptad  oodifloatioD  of  statute  laws  ;  oonsolted  by 
Jaaes  I  on  monopolies.  His  *■  World's  Great  Restaaration, 
or  OilUiis  of  the  Jews,*  1621,  was  sappressed  as  deroga- 
tory to  the  r^yal  power;  bat  bis  valuable  treatise  on 
16JS,  foL,  in  legal  French,  was  freqnently 
flnally  edited  by  Danby  Pickering,  1789. 

[xix.  12] 

HENRT  (1633-1704),  ejected  minister  :  vicar 

'IrHBcaahire,  1666 :  actively  engaged  in  royalist 

Stir   George  Booth:    ejected  for  nonoon- 

presbyterian   minister   of   Birch    Hall, 

1C72-97:    aided    Calamy,   historian  of  the 

with  corrections.  [xix.  13] 


Sot  JOHN,  Babon  Finch  of  Fobdwich 
(IfM-lMOX  apeaker  and  lord  keeper:  son  of  Sir  Henry 
rtoeta  (q.  t.]  ;  barrister,  Gray's  Inn,  1611 :  ILP^  Ganter- 
harj,  1614,  and  reoonier,  1617;  king's  counsel,  1626: 
ipeaker  of  the  Honse  of  Commons,  1628 ;  held  down  in 
ike  etudr  in  tbe  following  session  to  prevent  his  adjonm- 
^  tbe  booae:  employed  by  the  court  in  Star-ctiamber 
tad  high  eommisBion  caiws  against  Prynne  and  others : 
iw,  I6S4 ;  appointed  chief- justice  of  the 
plcaa»  1636:  mainly  responsible  for  the  ship- 
jodgmcnt,  1637;  named  lord  keeper  by  in- 
o(  Qoeen  Henrietta  Maria,  January,  and  created 

,  April  1640;  impeached  in  the  Long  parliament, 

letober  1640:  fled  to  Holland,  December  1640,  but  le- 
aned at  tbe  Restoration.  [xix.  14] 


Sir  JOHN  (1626-1682),  physician ;  younger 
MID  of  Sir  Heneage  Finch  (d.  1631)  [q.  v.]:  after 
nnaduating  B.A.  at  Balliol  College,  Oxfonl,  1647,  and 
li.1.  Christ's  OoQege,  Cambridge,  1649,  went  to  Padua, 
wben  be  became  AiglLsh  consul  and  qmdic  of  the  uni- 
vitiHiy;  aftenraixis  professor  at  PLsa:  knighted  by 
Gharies  II,  1661;  admitted  to  council  of  Royal  Society, 
KO;  miniater  to  tbe  Grand  Duke  of  Tuscany,  1666 :  am- 
•hMnilnr  at  Constantinople.  1672-82:  died  soon  after  his 
ntuni  toBnglaad :  buried  at  Christ's  College,  C  ambridge, 
mmr  las  UMoog  companion,  ^r  Thomas  Baines  [q.  v.] 

[xix.  18] 
FHOH,  PETER  (1661-1764),  presb>'terian   miniitter; 
•a  of  Henry  Finch  [q.  v.] ;    M.A.  Edinburgh,    1680 : 
at  Sonfcirh.  1691-1764.  [jix.  14] 


fDICH.  BOBEBT  (1783-1830),  antiquary:  educated 
it 8c. Paul's  School  and  BalUd  College,  Oxford:  M.A., 
IM:  ordained  in  1807:  lived  chiefly  abroad:  died  at 
Bsne:  bis  literary  and  fine  art  collections  preserved  in 
theAflhmolean  Museum,  OxfonL  [xix.  18] 

IIVCH,  ROBERT  POOLE  (1724-1803),  divine:  elu- 
estfldat  Merchant  Taylors'  and  Peterhonse,  Oambridure  : 
ILA.,1747:  D.D.,  1772:  rector  of  St.  Michael's,  CornhilU 
1771:  prebendary  of  Wesitmlnf^ter.  1781:  an  eminent 
fltMfaer :  poUished  treatise  on  oaths  and  perjury,  1788. 

[xix.  19]       , 

IDIOH,  8m  THOMAS  (d.  1663),  military  coounander : 
kH^tBd  for  aacisting  in  suppression  of  Wyatt's  rining,  i 
Uil :  drowned  off  Havre  when  about  to  act  as  knight-  ! 
■sntel  to  tbe  English  force  engaged  there :   his  body 
kazied  at  EastweU,  Kent,  where  be  had  acquired  the  Moyle 
pnpcrty  by  his  marriage.  [xix.  19  j      ■ 

nVOH,  WILLIAM  (d.  1618),  merchant :  agent  to  an  | 
opedltkin  which  obtained  from  the  Great  Mogul  trailing  \ 
frtvdflgaa  for  tbe  Bast  India  Company  at  Surat  in  IBIO  : 
«l  ak  Bal^ylon  from  drinking  poisoned  water,  [xix.  20] 

nVCH,  WILLIAM  (1747-1810),  divine  ;  educatel  at 
VcrriiaBt  Taylors*  and  St.  John's  College,  Oxfonl :  iu- 
ambSBt  of  Tacldey,  Oxfordshhre :  D.C.L.  Oxford,  1776 : 
pnHUbsd  *Tbe  Objections  of  Infldd  Historians  and  other 
Vriten  against  Chris^nity '  (his  Bampton  lecture). 

[xix.  20] 

fOrOH'HATTOV,  EDWARD  (<f.  1771),  diplomatist : 
IfUi  SOB  of  Daniel  Finch,  second  earl  of  Nottingham  [q.  v.] :  ! 
lU.  IVinity  Oolkge,  Cambridge,  1718 ;  M  J".,  Oimbiidge 


Universitj,  1727-64 ;  instituted  prize  for  Latin  essay  : 
ambassador  in  Sweden,  Holland,  Poland,  and  Russia 
(1739);  assumed  name  of  Hattou,  1764,  under  will  of 
aunt,  daughter  of  Viscount  Hatton.  [xix.  20] 

FnrOGS-HATTOV,  GBOROB  WILLIAM,  ninth  Eakl 
OF  WiNCHiLRKA  and  fifth  Eakl  op  Nottinuham  (1791- 
1868),  politician  :  succeeded  his  cousin,  George  Finch, 
fifth  earl  of  Nottingham  and  ninth  of  Winohilsea,  in 
1826;  a  violent  opponent  of  catholic  relief:  fought  a 
duel  with  Wellington,  1829 ;  a  frequent  speaker  in  the 
House  of  Lords  against  libeiul  measures.  [xix.  20] 

nVDEK,  EDWARD  FRANCIS  (1791-1867),  en- 
graver ;  youngest  brother  of  William  Flnden  [q.  v.]  ; 
engraved  separately  "The  Harvest  Waggon,'  after  Gains- 
borough, and  a  few  other  pictures.  [idz.  21] 

nVDXK,  WILLIAM  (1787-1862).  engraver:  ap- 
prenticed to  James  Mitan  ;  established,  with  his  brother, 
school  of  engraving:  engraved  with  him  the  Elgin 
Marbles  for  British  Museum,  Murray's  *  Arctic  Voyages,' 
Lodge's  *  Portraits,'  1821-34,  lUuxtrations  to  Moore's 
*  Byron,'  1883,  and  ♦The  Royal  Gallery  of  BrlUshArt ' : 
engraved  also  Lawrence's  *  George  IV '  and  pictnres  by 
Wilkie  and  Landseen  [xix.  21] 

FIKDLATSB,  Eablb  or.  [See  Ogilvy.  Jamkh, 
fourth  Eabl,  1664-1730;  OoiLVY,  Jamrr,  sixth  Earl, 
1714?-1770.] 

FZNSIATBB,     ANDREW     (1810-1886),    compiler; 
graduated  at  Aberdeen,  1810 ;    LL.D.  Aberdeen,    1864 ; 
I  edited  Chambers's  *  EncyclopsMiia '  and  (1 887)  *Infonna- 
I  tion  for  the  People ' ;  wrote  educational  manuals. 

[xix.  22] 
FIHSLATXB,  CHARLES  (1764-1838),  agncultural 
writer:  graduated  at  Edinburgh,  1770:  niiniMter  of  New- 
lands,  1790-1836 ;  published  *  General  View  of  the  Agricul- 
ture of  the  County  of  Peebles,'  1802,  and  contributed  to 
Sinclair^  *  Statistical  Account  of  Scotland.*       [xix.  22] 

FINBLAT,  ALEXANDER  GEORGE  (1812-1876), 
geographer  and  hydrographer :  F.R.G.S.,  1844  :  compiled 
atlases  of  *  Ancient  and  Comparative  Geography,'  *  Coasts 
and  Islands  of  the  Pacific  Ocean,'  oix  nautical  directories 
with  charts;  published  * LighthoiutcH  and  Coast  Fog 
Signals  of  the  World ' ;  aided  Franklin  expedition  of  1876, 
and  African  exploration.  [xix.  23] 

FIHDLAT,  SiH  GKORGK  (1829-1898),  railway 
manager:  assistant  engineer  on  Birkenhead  railway, 
1849 ;  snperintendal  couKtruction  of  line  between  Here- 
ford and  Ludlow,  and  on  its  completion,  1862,  Ix^camc 
manager  under  Thomas  Brassey  [q.  v.] ;  district  manager 
for  North- WcHtern  railway  In  Shropshire  and  South  Wales, 
1862  ;  general  goals  manager  at  Kustou,  1864;  general 
traffic  manager,  1874;  general  manager,  1880;  A.I.C.E., 
1874  :  knighted,  1892;  publi!)h(!<l  '  Working  and  Manage- 
ment of  an  English  Railway,'  1889.  [Suppl.  IL  209] 

FIKDLAT,  JOHN  RlTClllK  C1824-1898),  newspaper 
proprietor:  educated  at  li^uburgh  University:  enten^, 
1842,  office  of  '  Scotsman,*  which  he  subnequently  assisted 
In  editing ;  partner  in  firm,  18G8.  and  principal  pro- 
prietor, 1870  :  spent  large  sumH  on  public  objects,  and 
presented  to  tbe  nation  the  Scottish  National  Portrait 
Gallery,  Edinburgh  (opened  1889);  received  freedom  of 
Edinburgh,  1806  ;  publbf^hed  '  Personal  Recollections  of 
De  Qulncey,'  1886.  [SuppL  IL  21 1  ] 

FINSIAT.  ROBERT  (1721-1814),  Soots  divine:  pro- 
fessor of  divinity  in  Glasgow  Univcreity,  1782 ;  D.D. ; 
carried  on  a  controversy  \%ith  Kenoicott,  1761,  and  pub- 
lished a  work  combatingVoltaire's  views  on  the  credibility 
of  Christian  and  Jewish  writers,  1770.  [xix.  24] 


or  TOrZTT,  Sir  JOHN  (1571-1641),  master 
of  the  ceremonies.  His  works  include  a  book  on  the 
etiquette  of  embassies,  published  1666.  [xix.  24] 

FlUEUX,  Sir  JOHN  (1441  ?-1627).    [See  Fynkux.] 

FmOALL,  second  Eahl  ov  (d.  1649).  [See  Plunkk  r, 
Christopher.] 

PnrOSR,  GODFREY  or  GOTTFRIED  (./f.  1685- 
1717X  composer:  bomatOlmlltz:  came  to  Eujrland,  r. 
1686 ;  published  sonatas,  and  music  for  Congreve,  Iav,  and 
other  dramatistf),  1696-1701  ;  became  chaniber-nmnician 
to  the  queen  of  Prussia,  1702,  and  cbapel-nioster  at 
Gk>tba,  1717.  [xix.  26] 

y  F 


nKOLAB.  PATRICK  ^^.  ItU),  IrUb  judge :  chtef- 
mitioe  of  kluK'i  btncli  lu  IrelHid.  l(S<-» ;  hU  ■  fin°iat  ol 
be  gelling  of  Inluiil.aiidoCtbtDeuiBot  the  nine'  in- 
■-'-'  •-  " — '-'1  ■  HUjHTiic*,'  1770.  [lU.  31] 


cludal  Id  Harrii'a  ■ 


CDIal  U  York  foe  bl«h  Cr 


7  in  Bngluid: 


miLAISOV,  JOBK  (1781-1860),  >utitUciui  a 
goTerDmcfil  notoBrr :  Intmluoai  Importaiit  icfDrmfi 
TlcbiiHlLlilv  ii«partineDt  ot  admlrHlty,  mod  plan  (IBO^}  : 

oompUtd  BotoBijUl  -navj  liit,'  1BI4;  InlUited  fluid 


mentUT  and  Icgi^  raport^T  (or '  Timt 
ot  Middle  Temple;  pobliatHd  lagil  w< 

nXLAT,  FBASCIS 

Jonmali.! :  bqiu  tlfe  u  ■  | 

'   NortliernWhlg' 


T  pollUoal  Ubel  Id  hl>  paper,  Uie 

1707,  LLouffbdeTetideil  by  OuTTUi;  kiuprii 

Cutlerekgb  In  '  HoToiDg  CbiunlclB,'  1811 

YUrVEY.  BAUUBL  (171»-17»B}.  n 

to  Qoeoi  Charlatta :  hEi  muiaicrlpt  biatory  of  hi 


T    (.*.    I 


LMYid'i  (Oeli  Mu 

Anliowle  (Aclud  AbftU),  Wiel 
chDrcha;  HUbllibel,  t  UO,  hie 
(Cluiniiiaid),  Meatta ;  bU  dsf,  1: 

rnrrui,  sj 


[lit  Ml 


enpported  Ub«nl  mi 


il  oppoaed  n^>aal  and  Young 


[>1 


PIHLAT.  aEORGB  <irn-18TtX  blMorlaD;  itm 
lawBCaiwwa\randOlll.tJjigen:  weul toOneix,18tI,i 

««w  mncb  of  ^nm ;  took  part  In  tha "--■ '- 

at  tbe  olosfl  of  whicb  be  bought  an  a 

at  A-thenl.    Hli  'Ulitory  orarmx,'  coming  %  period 

two  tboniand  yean,  appeared  Id  — " —  *--'- ■" 

and  1S«1,  and  wh  pubiiihnl  oollei 

TIKLAT,  JOHN  (1781-1810), 

U  Olaegow  rniwmij,  where  L. , 

•OhrtitopheT  North':  pnbllebed  'Wallace. 
Poem.'  1803,  ■  coUenUiHi  or  Soottlab  baUa 


rnrLAT,  KIRKUAH  id.  ISlS),  phUhnllenr 
of  Qeorga  Flnlay  [<|.  v.] ;  gpaot  hii  lortune  ai 
alter  twenty  jeua'  Sghtlng  for  tbe  Qreeki :  U 


□dad,  f .  t4fl,  a  n»Da«ter7  at  Ciooavc^ 
(Cluaiuednecb).  Qn«B'>  Oooiity,  with  a  verj  ti«a«» 
rule:  bia  day,  17  Feb.  Comgall  [q- T-]  said  to  tiaTt  bfia 
hla  most  faraom  pupU.  [lU.  11] 

rnrux  or  Kunan.  bai-it  (d.  at).  toondH  at  • 

moDuUry  at  Tagbmon  (Tech  Uoddu).  eo.  Weildil;! 

c?^te[atoi>undlDf  Uagh' AUbeor  WMtcfidd:  Hid  ti 
beburied  at  Klbuun  in  Cowall, BcMltmd  :  bisdaj,^^ 

(lSl»-IS8S>.ra 


Bo^d,  IBJl.ao 
■etu,  1U8':  abipii 


lefle,  CHnbrid^:  i 


— „ .  ..  ___.  .    of  Sbaifwd.  B 

ejeoUon,  IGM :  hla  hoiue  at  Rldgew^  lie 
terlanwonblp,  1873:  pTBCtlHd  medicine    . 
and  England ;  pnblialud  tbeolo^ioal  pamphleU, 


md  CcKhin  China :  bis  jc 

nXLAYSOV,  JAMBS  (1718-181)8).  dlHne 
if  loiric  In  Bdinbnrgh  DDiiaralty,  17a7-iew 
ooeflBor;  incumbent  ot  Grey  Fri 
leral  anembly,  IBOt;  wrote  liJ 
poathamoualy),  and  other  woi 


r  Stamford     LitUi 


szst 


I :  Rarled  in  1878  ■  vaUoBik    - 


>eir  bi  debtors'  pTltoiii  aiid  Pnsob  ittageo:  ■  ■A 
ed  after  him  hi  Maiden  Park,  Snn^.         [Ilx.  M) 


of  Hugh  I 


nSTH,  MARK(lBl«-lS80),lo 

^ham,  and 


a  ianre  iteel 
lingham,  and  WbltCtngton,  bj  vhlcb  BrllUi  | 
'■-!  ;  aiictHl  and  eutowtd  " 


IhOM 


FIXLAYflOX,  THOMAS  f  1809-1 871 K  TJ. 


It  of  Row  Btrut  Obnri 


I   Edinburgh, 

!).ln  popular 
Dp  MacCorb; 


Ftrtb  &ll^  18781  "  Wtttl 

TIBOBZE,  JOHAKN  OHBISTUN  (ITIt-UM 
obol>t  and  oomnoHr ;  after  haTing  been  in  the  nmi* 
oourt  band  and  that  of  Fndarlek  iba  Gnat,  Mdilta 
London,  1788;  btoaBwmuilelBnlaQo«aCIIBriaaa,lI>; 
manied  yonnger  daogfater  ol  QabuMnufdi>  adn  palalri 
hii    portrait:  pohUabad  ceooartaa  and  cOit  wota  * 

' ■■  London.  till,  ifl 

JOSS    OEORGB    FADL    ant-UtllV 


Btrthiand 

painter;  c, 

miniatnra  for  lb* 


1> and  18)0) ai  an  infant;  I 


of  Imlach  nail  (&^):  abbot  ot  Bangor  (oo.  Down)  a 


&iyal  Acadeiay^  1817-t3.  '     {iti.U] 

7IBH.  SIMON  (d.  IMl),  theologian  ai 
nteivd  Gray'*  Inn.  e.  lASt :  hiTing  iD 


](  Makm  DtTloil 
EK.    EDWARD    (1710-1784!).    naaotlDt  a 
la  Bfjiu^ds,  BDd  pnbllatael  lea  ifloT  bin  ow 

KB,  OBOROE  (17H-1B7S),  uCnmoiiHr:  K.J 
rimft  ODlk«E,  Oupbildg*,  1S31.  hailng  prsvtdall 


b  Hajrita]  iioboDl.  l&^4-eo,  uid  prlnclml,  186 


OifoTd.  mud  Uigdmlens  OoUcga,  O 
nijHllBt  umy  in  Irriioi],  bMomlos  ci 
Muiloa  Moor  (ISM) ;  aftcrwuda  -n 
-'-•—■'—■•-  jiploltoolCromu'eLlmt 


FI8HXB,   BiMUBL  (Itot-ieM).  qiuker;  eduoiUd 
Trinity  OoLle^  ud  Kfw  Inn  HiU,  Qilord:  1I.A.. 

'"    (t  Lydd  BU  he  joined  tbe  bapMau,  iiller 

Hboat  '  ditpnUng '  oa  bapUim  ;  bKume  ■ 


H  impriaoued  kftcr 


_.  Mietuelboiuft.  C*Eiibi^gfl,Qf  wb ^  , - 

1  lat :  HjL,  IWl :  Builor  pnctor.  UM ;  rlce- 
«,  UOl:  flntLadf  UHnretprafaaoroldlTiaity. 
'^m-^jL^  of  Uk  uniTenltj  and  blibop  of 
r.UOii  praUoit  oC  QHma' OoUege,  Ounbrldci. 
tsgk  cblal  put  In  &  ftm^ttop  of  Obrlit't. 
St.  Jotm'a  ooUsgM,  Itll,  seUng  (orhli  painmega, 
,  (lonniiM  ot  BlBhmoDd ;  Dppoaed  Id  caanMBtloB 
■obridy.  ItTi ;  brought  Ennniu  Ui  Ounbridgc : 
—  . — .1 —  — i_^  LnthH,  1(33-*:  oppowd 
M  dentins  tbe  nJidlty  of  the 


BAMDBL(jl,  lBM).pnrit»n;! 

Oollege,  Oiford,  IMO ;  ejected  at  the  R«- 
OTnton-ln-the-Moora  rectorj,  Cheihln. 


Aprcf^gi  of  John  Dodley,  duSce  i 

FIBHEB,  THOMAS  (] 

alK  van  In  the  India  B . .  . 

'  CoUnUani.  HMoiiod.  OtmHloglaal.  and  TopognphlnL 
for  Bedrorditaln,'  1B13-IS,  alu  Illbognpbla  plaUe  o( 
(oilsn  and  othai  ineoilbed  moDamenta.  [ill.  73] 

FI8HXB,  WILLIAM  (1790-lBIUX  n)»r-«dniit»l : 
icmd  B^^lnat  TilleneaTe.  ISOfi;  eurrvjed  the  Mo^un- 
blqne  In  the  Eacehone.  ]9CiS~10;  captured  eIitsb  and 
plrala  oB  Ouioea  masl.  lBlS-17;  eenlor  officer  of  the 
Aleiandria  delachtd  tq^adioii.  IMO.  [ili,7SJ 

,      WILLIAM      U-BBBTBB      (1798?-I87<), 

owning  College,  Oembridge.  18S1-11;  MJ>, 
1S»,  OambcM^  IMl.  [lii. »] 


FISK 


436 


FITZAT.AN 


FISK,  WILLIAM  (1796-187S),  painter;  exhibited  at 
the  Academy,  the  British  Institation,  and  Saffc^  Street 
OaUery:  his  historical  pictures  chiefly  remarkable  for 
their  fldcUty.  [xix.  76] 

nSK.  WILLIAM  HBNKY  (18S7- 1884),  painter  and 
drawing-master  ;  son  of  William  Fiek  [q.  v.] ;  exhibited 
landscapes  in  London  and  Paris:  anatomical  draughts- 
man to  College  of  Surgeons;  very  successful  as  art 
teacher  at  University  College  School,  London,  and  lec- 
turer, [xix.  76] 

FI8KEN,  WILLIAM  (d.  1883),  presbyterlan  minister 
of  the  secession  church ;  with  his  brother  Thomas  in- 
vented the  steam  plough,  the  steam  tackle  (patented 
1866),  and  other  machinm.  [xix.  76] 

FITCH,  RALPH  (Jl.  1683-1606),  traveUer  in  IndU ; 
one  of  the  first  Englishmen  who  made  the  overland  route 
to  India;  left  London  with  other  Levant  merchants, 
1683,  and  travelled  down  the  Euphrates  valley  by  caravan 
and  boat ;  imprisoned  by  Portagueoe  at  Ormuz  and  Qoa, 
1683 ;  escapea  aoroes  Deccan  and  visited  court  of  the 
Great  Mogul  (Akbar)  ;  thence  sailed  down  the  Jumna  and 
the  Ganges ;  first  Englishman  to  visit  Bnrmah  and  QLuxi, 
1686-7;  returned  by  the  Malabar  coast  and  Euphrates 
valley,  reaching  London,  1691 ;  his  narrative  In  Hakluyt. 

[xix.  77] 

FITOE,  THOMAS  (d,  1617).    [See  FiCH.] 

FITOH,  WILLIAM  (1663-1611).  [See  Cakfield, 
Benedict.] 

FITOH,  WILLIAM  STEVENSON  (1793-1869X  anti- 
quary ;  postmaster  of  Ipswich ;  made  coUecUons  for  a 
history  of  Suffolk.  [xix.  79] 

FITOHETT,  JOHN  ri776-1838X  poet ;  a  Warrington 
attorney ;  left,  besides  *  Minor  Poems '  (printed  1836),  an 
unfinished  romantic  epic,  *Klng  Alfred,*  completed  by 
Robert  Koscoe,  and  published,  1841-2.  [xix.  79] 

FITTLEB,  JAMBS  (1768-1836),  engraver:  A.R.A., 
1800 ;  marine  engraver  to  George  III.  HLb  works  include 
'Titian's  Schoolmaster*  (MoroniX  Velasquez's  'Inno- 
cent X,'  and  the  plates  for  Forster's  *  British  Ghallery.* 

[xix.  79] 

FITTOH,  Sir  ALEXANDER  (d.  1698),  lord  chancellor 
of  Ireland;  barrister,  Inner  Temple,  1663;  lost  Gaws- 
worth  estates  by  litigation  with  Lord  Gerard  of  Brandon  ; 
made  chancellor  by  James  II,  1687,  after  whose  abdlcaUon 
he  was  attainted  and  fled  to  France ;  died  at  St.  Germains. 

[xix.  80] 

FTTTON,  Sib  EDWARD,  the  elder  (1527-1679X  lord 

f)re9ldent  of  Gonnaught,  1669-72;  vice-treasurer  of  Ire- 
and,  1673  :  impriwned  Olaniicarde,  1672,  and  carried  on 
war  with  the  JBurkes ;  esocnted  Kildare  and  his  sons  to 
Euglawl,  1676.  [xix.  81] 

FITTOK,  Sib  EDWARD,  the  younger  (16487-1606), 
son  ot  Sir  Edward  Pitton  [q.  v.] ;  grantee  of  port  of  the 
Desmond  estates.  [xix.  82] 

FITTOK,  MARY  (yf.  1600),  maid  of  honour  to  Queen 
Elizabeth ;  daughter  ot  Sir  Edward  Fitton  the  younger 
[q.  v.] ;  most  doubtfully  identified  with  the  *  dark  lady  *  of 
Sliakeepeare*8  sonnets ;  mistress  of  William  Herbert,  third 
earl  of  Pembroke  [q.  v.] ;  married  Captain  W.  Polwhele, 
1607,  and  Captain  Lougher.  [xix.  82] 

FITTOH,  MICHAEL  (1766-1862X  naval  lieutenant ; 
midshipman  at  relief  of  Gibraltar,  1782 ;  as  commander 
of  Abergavenny  tender  performed  many  daring  exploits : 
promoted  after  attack  on  Onra<^,  1804 ;  captured  forty 
French  privateers,  including  the  Superbe,  1806 :  admitted 
into  Greenwich  Hospital,  1836.  [xix.  83] 

FITTOH,  WILLIAM  HENRY  (1780-1861),  geologist ; 
BA..  Dublin,  1799;  studied  geology  under  Jameson  at 
Edinburgh ;  aftnrwards  practised  as  ph3r8lcian  at  North- 
ampton; M.D.  Cambridge,  1816 :  after  marriage  removed 
to  London  and  devoted  himself  to  geolofry :  several  years 
secretary  of  Greological  Socie^ ;  president,  1828 :  F.R.Sm 
1816;  WoUaston  medallist,  1862;  published  scientific 
pamphlets  and  laid  down  proper  succession  of  strata  be- 
tween oolite  and  chalk,  1824-86.  [xix.  84] 

FITZAHWIH,  henry  (</.  1212),  first  mayor  of 
London  ;  appointed  probably  between  1191  and  1193,  and 
possibly  as  early  as  1189:  presided  over  a  meeting  of 
citizens  in  1213  after  the  great  fire,  and  probably  held 
olfice  till  his  death.  [xix.  86] 


FITZALAH.  BERTRAM  (d.  1434),  Oarmdite  of  Lln- 
coln,  where  he  founded  a  library ;  left  theological  maoo- 
scripts.  [xix.  tt] 

FITZALAH,  BRIAN,  Lobd  of  Bkdalb  (d.  13K\, 
warden  of  CSastles  Forfar,  Dundee,  Roxboigh,  «iid  Jed- 
burgh, 1290 ;  a  guardian  of  SooUand  during  intemgnmi, 
1292  and  1297 :  served  against  Welsh,  1394,  and  sgaiut 
Soots,  1399  and  1303 ;  summoned  to  English  pariiaont, 
1396.  [xix.  86] 

FITZALAH,  EDMUND,  Eabl  of  Abuxdel  (USk 
1326),  son  of  Richard  I  Fitsalan,  earl  of  Arundel  [4.V.]; 
served  against  Scots,  1306-7 ;  refused  to  attend  cooiacil  at 
York,  1309 ;  one  of  the  lords  ordainers,  1310 ;  joined  laa- 
oaster  against  Gaveston,  and  (1314)  refused  to  aoooniMy 
Edward  II  to  Stirling ;  captain-general  north  of  Tml, 
1316;  member  of  counoU  of  barons,  1318;  joined  tk 
king,  1321 ;  one  of  Lancaster's  judges,  jostioe  of  Waks 
and  warden  of  the  Welsh  inarches;  finally  cutnred  sad 
executed  by  Qneen  Isabella  and  Morthner.        [xix.  87] 

FITZALAH,  HENRY,  twelfth  Eabl  of  Aboxoil 
(1611  ?-1680),  godson  of  Henry  YUI,  whom  he  acooo- 
panied  to  France,  1833;  lord-dq>uty  ot  Calais,  16404; 
iC.G.,  1644 ;  stormed  Boulogne,  1644 ;  created  lord  cImb- 
berlain  on  his  return  to  England ;  r^ained  office  oader 
Edward  YI ;  member  of  council ;  joined  Warwick  agfisA 
Somerset,  but  was  removed  by  former  from  oooocil: 
next  allied  himself  with  Somerset,  on  whose  fall  be  vas 
imprisoned  and  fined ;  secret  partisan  of  Muy,  for  wiioai 
he  raised  the  city  against  Northumberland,  and  then  cap- 
tured the  latter;  lord  steward  of  the  hoosdwld  and  votm- 
ber  of  the  council,  1663;  one  of  the  English  osiBBii> 
sioners  to  mediate  between  France  and  the  emperor,  UM; 
lieutenant-general  and  captain  of  the  forces,  1667 ;  lad 
steward  and  privy  counciUor  at  accession  of  Bliabetb; 
chanceUor   of  Oxford   university,    1669;    resigDed  lori 
stewardship,  1664,  and  went  out  of  fovoor :  hoadal  the 
catholic  party,  whose  object  was  to  depose  BioMb  in 
fovonr  of  Mary  Stuart  and  the  Duke  of  Norfolk: » 
strained  to  his  own  houses,  1669 ;  restored  to  ooondl  Iv 
influence  of  Leicester,  1670 ;  opposed -the  Alesocoo  mateb: 
again  imprisoned  after  Ridolfi  plot,  1671-2.    His  portnik 
was  painted  by  Holbein.  [xix.  18] 

FITZALAH,  JOHN  II,  Lobd  of  Oswestbt,  (3urs. 
AKD  Abdndbl  (1333-1367),  at  first  fought  withtbeteraM 
against  Henry  HI  (1368-61),  but  afterwards  led  xqfH 
troops  agaiudt  the  baronial  partisan,  Llewelyn  U  W^ 
1368  and  1360 ;  finally  joined  the  party  of  Prince  Bdmrl: 
captured  by  the  barons  at  Lewes,  1364.  [xix.  tt] 

FITZALAH,  JOHN  YI,  Eabl  of  Abuitob.  (1418- 
1436),  summoned  to  parliament  as  a  baron,  1439;  it- 
cognised  as  earl,  1436  (the  titto  having  been  oonteatad  )7 
the  Mowbrays):  distinguished  himself  as  a  soidkrh 
France :  captain  of  Rouen  Castle,  1433 ;  Doke  of  Tmaim 
and  K.G. ;  wounded  and  captured  at  Goomaj ;  died  at 
Beauvais.  [xix.M] 

FITZALAH,  RICHARD  I,  Eabl  of  ABU5i>BL(Uf7- 
1303),  grandson  of  John  II  Fitaalan,  lord  of  OswHtaT 
[q.  v.]  :  served  against  Wdsh  and  Scots  and  in  GaanQT: 
signed  the  letter  to  the  pope  from  T4nooln,  ISOl. 

[xbLfH 

FITZALAH,  RICHARD  II,  Eabl  of  AmcaiiiiL  axd 
Wabknxb  (1307  7-1376),  son  of  Edmund  Fitaalan,  earl  d 
Arundd  [q.  v.] ;  married  a  daughter  of  Hu^leDeqiaDMr: 
restored  to  his  esUtes  after  faU  of  Mortimer,  lUU ;  jorttai 
of  North  Wales  for  life,  1384;  commander  of  'Eb^SA 
armv  In  north,  1387 ;  as  admiral  of  the  ships  at  PortHMOlh 
distinguished  himself  at  Slnys,  1340;  joint  waidBB  e( 
Scottish  marches ;  joint  lieutenant  of  AqoitaiM,  1144; 
admiral  of  the  west,  1846-7;  commanded  diviaiaD  al 
Crtey,  1846,  and  took  part  in  slqge  of  Calais :  at  naval 
action  with  Spanish  off  Winchdaea,  1880 ;  one  of  the  re- 
gents, 1366 ;  much  employed  in  dlplomatio  miwtnna  bf 
Edwaid  ILL  to  whom  be  adso  lent  luge  suns. 

[xix.  16] 

FITZALAH,  RICHARD  in.  Earl  of  AairarDiL  akp 
SUBRSY  (1846-1397),  eon  of  Ri<^iard  Fitialaa  ll.esdof 
Arundel  [q-  v.] :  oneof  the  ooancil  appointsd  bjtbeitaad 
parliament ;  member  of  council  of  regen<7, 1 S8U ;  adnriralst 
the  west,  1377 ;  joint  governor  of  Richard  II,  1181 :  jetasd 
rtforming  party  under  Gloooeeter,  1386 ;  won  a  naval 
victory  over  the  French,  Spanish,  and  Flesnlngs  otf  Mar- 
gate, 1387 ;  took  leading  part  in  tfaeopposlttoBitoBlekartn 


FITZALAN 


487 


FITZGBIlAIiD 


own  attempted  arrest,  1387 :  one  of  the  loiida 
1388 :  remoTed  from  the  oocmoil  and  adminlty, 

efftored;  qoarrelled  with  John  of  Qaont;  im- 
after  hia  release  oooapired  with  Gloacester  and 

tjod  was  executed  on  Tower  Hill ;  his  tomb  in 

tinian  drarch  for  many  years  an  object  of  pil> 

[xix.  98] 

LAV,  nJias  Arundil,  THOMAS  (130S-1414). 

DKL.] 

LAV,  THOMAS,  Earl  of  Arundbl  and 
181-1415>,  son  of  Richanl  III  Fitsalan  [q.  v.]  ; 
MB  custody  of  his  half-brother  to  the  continent, 
joined  his  micle  the  archbishop;  with  him 
iA  Henry  of  Lancaster  to  Bnghmd,  1399; 
Henry  lY  one  of  the  first  knights  of  the  Bath, 
Bd  to  his  titles  and  estates ;  defeated  and  cap- 
bsr  and  insurgent  nobles;  procured  execution 
lad  Mowbray,  1406 ;  joined  partv  of  the  Bean- 
eC  the  commanders  of  the  BngllHh  expedition 
ipandy,  1411 ;  made  lord  treasurer  and  warden 
toe  pcnta  by  Henry  Y,  1413 ;  took  part  in  siege 
'•  1416 :  died  of  dysentery.  [xix.  100] 

LAV,  WILLIAM  (<f.  1160),  rebel;  defended 
f  Castle  against  Stephen,  1138,  and  afterwards 
■rmy  of  the  Empress  MaUlda  and  her  son,  who 
m  bis  flefo.  His  younger  brother  Walter  (d, 
itor  of  the  honse  of  Stuart.       [xix.  1U3] 


[.  WILLIAM  (yf.  1167-1198X  steward 
1  and  governor  of  Ireland ;  one  of  the  royal 
1166 ;  acted  as  Henry  II*s  representative  before 
*  Ireland ;  sneoeeded  Strongbow  as  justiciar  in 
176-8;  slteriff  of  Cumb^land  and  justice  in 
and  Northumberland,  1189 ;  wrongly  Identifled 
un  de  Burgh  (d.  1S04)  [q.  v.]  [xix.  103] 

LWTV,     HBNBY    (tf.    1213).      [See     FiTZ- 

AIX.  EDWARD  (1791-1873),  dramatist; 
1  as  printer  at  Norwich,  1809- IS;  attempted 
writing  with  some  sucoese,  and  adopted  pro- 
Ixmmatiat,  c.  1819,  and  subsequently  produced 
mdadramas  and  other  pieces,  among  the  most 

of  which  were  'Peveril  of  the  Peak,'  1833, 
,*  18S4,  'The  Pilot,'  1886,  'Jonathan  Bradford,* 

'Nttocria,*  1866;  wrote  also  many  romances, 
nd  songs,  ineloding  *  The  Bloom  is  on  the  Rye,' 
slisbed  *Tliir^-flve  Tears  of  a  Dramatic 
ife,'  1869.  [Sappl.  ii.  213] 

BCAXLBS,  CHARLES,  Earl  of  Plymouth 
K)),  natural  son  of  Charles   II  by  Catherine 

[xix.  106] 

LAESHCB,  Lord  ADOLPHTJS  (1808-1866), 
al :  younger  son  of  William  IV  by  Mrs.  Jordan ; 
iwj,  1814;  commanded  royal  yacht,  1830-63, 
stained  flag-rank.  [xix.  106] 


.,  GEORGE  AUGUSTUS  FRE- 
flrst  Earl  ov  Munstkr  (1794-1842),  major- 
ddest  son  of  William  TV  by  Mrs.  Jordan; 
pain  at  age  of  fifteen ;  wounded  nxid  captured 
I  d'Onoro,  1811;  escaped;  severely  wouuded 
le,  1814;  aide-de-camp  to  Marquis  Hastings 
sta  war,  1816-17;  sent  home  overland  with 
caoe,  1817 ;  created  a  peer,  1831 ;  lieutenant 
Mr;  supposed  to  have  influenced  his  father 
famn ;  committed  suicide.  He  did  much  to 
riental  studies,  being  some  time  president  of 
!  Society,  and  published  fragments  of  military 

[xix.  106] 

lUVT,  BRIAN  (yf.  1126-1142),  warrior  and 
xxigbt  up  and  knighted  by  Henry.  I ;  one  of 
ipporters  of  tlie  Empress  Matilda,  in  defence 
ght  to  the  crown  he  wrote  a  treatise  ;  thrice 
'  Stephen  in  his  castle  of  Wallingford. 

[xix.  108] 

EFFBST,  CHARLES  (1676  ?-1638),  poet  and 
A.  Broadgates  Hall.  Oxford,  1600  ;  incumbent 
ndnlo,  S^tw^lshlre;  published  a  poem  on 
S,  and  'The  Blessed  Birthday,'  1634  (reprinted 
.),  and  a  vcdume  of  Latin  epitaphs  and  epi- 
ntioiied  in  *  PolLulis  Tamia,'  1698,  and  quoted 
d*s  Parnassus,'  1600.  [xix.  109] 


7ITZ0SFFSXT,  HENRT  (/1. 161 7 X  author  ;  perhaps 
a  son  of  Charles  Fitxgeftrey  [q.  v.]  ;  published  satires  and 
epigrams,  1617  (twelve  copies  reprinted  at  Beldomie 
Press,  1843).  [xix.  109] 

FITZOKRALD,  DAVID.    [See  David,  d.  1 176.] 

FITZGERALD,  Lord  EDWARD  (1763-1798),  Irish 
rebel;  son  of  James  Fitcgeraki,  first  duke  of  Ldnster 
[q.  v.]  ;  served  in  the  American  war  and  was  wounded  at 
Butaw  Springs,  1781 ;  M.P.  in  the  Irish  parliament  for 
Athv  and  Kildare ;  as  major  of  the  64th,  got  Cobbett  his 
discharge;  travelled  in  America,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  Bear  tribe  of  Indians ;  cashleral  for  attending  revolu- 
tionary banquet  at  Paris,  1798,  in  which  year  he  married 
Pamela ;  returned  to  Irdand,  and  began  to  take  an  active 
part  in  politics  ;  joined  United  Irishmen,  1796,  and  with 
Arthur  O'Connor  [q.  v.],  went  to  Basle  to  negotiate  with 
Hoohe ;  declined  to  re-enter  parliament ;  headed  military 
committee  to  co-operate  with  French  invaders  ;  while  bdng 
arrested,  was  wounded  by  Major  Henry  Charles  Sirr 
[q.  v.]  :  died  of  his  wounds.  [xix.  110] 

FITZOS&ALD,  EDWARD  (1770  7-1807X  Irish  insur- 
gent ;  released  from  Wexford  gaol  by  mob ;  held  com- 
mands during  rebellion  of  1798 ;  surrendered  to  Wiiford ; 
imprisoneii  in  Dublin ;  after  Uving  in  England,  rearrested, 
1800 ;  died  at  Hamburg.  [xix.  Ill] 

FITZOSBALD,  EDWARD  (1809-1883X  poet  and 
translator ;  educated  at  Bury  St.  Edmunds  and  Trini^ 
College,  Cambridge ;  graduated,  1K30  ;  lived  a  retired  lira 
in  Suffolk ;  friend  of  Carlyle,  Thackeray,  Spedding,  and 
the  Tennysons.  His  chief  work  vras  an  English  poetic 
version  (from  the  Persian)  of  the  'Rubaiyat  of  Omar 
KhayyA.m  *  (anon.,  1869).  He  also  published  anonymously 
a  life  of  Bernard  Barton,  prefixed  to  Barton's  collected 
poems  (1849X  *Euphranor'  (1861X  'Polonius*  (1862X 
English  versions  of  the  *  Agamemnon,'  and  of  two  plays  of 
Sophocles,  and  selections  from  Crabbe;  and  under  his 
own  nanw,  'Six  Dramas  of  Calderon  freely  translated* 
(1863).  [xix.  HI] 

FITZOERALD.  Ladt  ELIZABETH, '  the  Fair  Geral- 
dine'  (1628  7-1689X  yonngeBt  daughter  of  Gerald  Flta- 
gerald,  ninth  earl  of  Kildare  [q.  v.]  ;  in  the  household  of 
Princess  Mary,  afterwards  of  Queen  Catherine  Howard ; 
was  twice  married,  first,  at  fifteen,  to  Sir  Anthony 
Browne  [q.  v.],  and,  secondly,  to  Edward  Fiennes  de 
Clinton,  earl  of  Lincoln  [q.  v.]  ;  celebrated  in  verse  by 
Henry  Howard,  earl  of  Surrey  [q.  v.],  Michael  Drayton, 
and  Sir  Walter  Scott.  [xix.  1 13] 

FITZOERALI),  GEORGE,  sixteenth  Earl  of  Kil- 
dare (1611-1660),  rebuilt  ancestral  castle  of  Mayuooth ; 
befriended  Shirley,  the  dramatist,  when  in  Dublin  ;  go- 
vernor of  CO.  Rlkiare,  1641 ;  governor  of  Dublin  for  the 
parliament,  1647.  [xix.  114] 

FITZOEBALD,  GEORGE  ROBERT  (17487-1786X 
*  Fighting  Fitzgerald '  ;  notorious  for  his  duels,  gallantries, 
and  extravagances  ;  married,  against  her  parents'  wishes, 
a  daughter  of  Thomas  ConoUy  [q.  v.] ;  took  part  in 
volunteer  movement ;  quarrelled  with  his  family :  exe- 
cuted for  murder  of  Patrick  M'Donnell.  [xix.  114] 

FITZGERALD,  GERALD,  Lord  of  Offaly  (d. 
1204),  son  of  Maurice  Fitzgerald  (d.  1176)  [q.  v.],  often 
known  as  Fitzmaurice;  distinguished  himself  as  an 
opponent  of  Roderic  O'Connor,  1171;  received  property 
in  Kildare  from  Strongbow,  and  built  Maynooth  ;  ancestor 
of  the  Earls  of  Kildare.  [xix.  116] 

FITZGERALD,  GERALD,  fourth  (properly  third) 
Earl  of  Desmond  (d.  1398),  justiciar  of  Irehmd,  1367-9 ; 
son  of  Maurice  Fitzthomas,  first  earl  of  Desmond  [q.  v.]; 
generally  styled  Gerald  Fitzmanrice  ;  granted  by  Edward 
III  the  lands  of  his  deoeaaed  elder  brother  Maurice,  on 
condition  of  marrying  the  Earl  of  Ormonde's  daughter : 
as  justloiar  of  Ireland,  1867-9,  carried  on  policy  of  amal- 
gamation with  natives ;  defeated  and  captured  by  Brtec 
O'Brien,  1369 ;  upheld  the  king's  authority  in  Muusttt. 

[xix.  116] 

FITZGERALD,  GERALD,  eighth  ('  the  great '),  Earl 
OF  Kildark  id.  1613X  son  of  Thomas  Fitzgerald,  w^fn*^" 
earl  [q.  v.] ;  nominatel  deputy-governor  in  Ireland  by 
the  council  at  Dublin,  1477,  and  held  oflice  in  opiwwition 
to  a  nominee  of  Etiwani  IV;  afterwards  deputy  for 
Richanl,  duke  of  York,  and  his  son,. Prince  Edward  ;  psj- 
doned  by  Henry  VII,  and  continued  in  office ;  attainted. 


FITZGEBALD 


438 


FITZaEBAT.T) 


and  imprle>oned  in  the  Tower  as  a  partisan  of  Warbeck, 
1494;  reappointed  deputy  of  Ireland,  1496;  died  of  a 
wound  received  in  battle  with  a  Lcinster  sept 

[xlx.  117] 
7ITZ0SRAU),  GERALD,  ninth  Earl  ov  Kildare 
(1487-1634),  son  of  Gerald  Fitzgerald,  eighth  earl  [q.  v.] ; 
educated  in  England ;  appointed  lord  high  treasurer  on 
his  return  to  Ireland,  1504  ;  lord  justice  and  lord  deputy, 
1613 ;  gained  great  successes  against  the  Irish ;  charged 
with  maladministration  at  instance  of  Ormonde,  and  re- 
moved, 1630;  reappointed,  16S4:  again  removed,  being 
charged  with  treason  by  Ossory  (Ormonde)  and  impri- 
soned in  the  Tower,  1636;  returned  to  Ireland  with 
Bkefflngton,  whom  he  displaced  as  deputy,  1683 ;  wounded 
at  siege  of  Birr  Oastle,  1638  ;  again  summoned  to  Eng- 
land, and  died  prisoner  in  the  Tower.  [xix.  118] 

HTZOS&ALD,  GERALD,  fifteenth  Earl  of  Drs- 
UOND  (d.  1688),  son  of  James  (Fits John)  Fitzgerald,  four- 
teenth earl  [q.  ▼.]  ;  summoned  to  England  on  account  of 
a  quarrel  with  Thomas  Butler,  tenth  earl  of  Ormonde 
[q.  ▼.],  and  confined,  1663  \  allowed  to  return  to  Ireland, 
1664;  again  summoned  to  England  on  account  of  fre^ 
feud  with  Ormonde,  and  bound  over  next  year ;  again 
imprisoned,  for  refusing  to  accept  Sir  H.  Sidney's  award 
in  favour  of  Ormonde,  1667-73 ;  rearrested  after  return  to 
Ireland;  escaped;  Cflirried  on  war  in  Munster  and  was 
outlawed ;  submitted,  but  after  temporising,  again  rebelled, 
1679 ;  after  four  years*  fighting  was  captured  and  killed  at 
Glanaginty.  [xix.  130] 

ITTZOSRALD,  GERALD,  eleventh  Earl  op  Kil- 
dare (1636-1686X  son  of  Gerald  Fitzgerald,  ninth  earl 
[q.  ▼.]  ;  educated  in  France  and  at  Rome ;  served  with 
knights  of  Rhodes  against  Moors  and  with  Ooeimo  de* 
Medici;  restored  to  his  estates  by  Edward  YI,  and  to 
earldom  by  Mary ;  warred  against  th»  Irish  and  Spanish 
invaders ;  comn^tted  to  the  Tower  on  suspicion  of  treason, 
1688 ;  allowed  to  return  to  Ireland,  1684 ;  died  in  London. 

[xix.  133] 

FITZOESALD,  GERALD  (Fitzxauriok),  Baron  op 
Offalt  (1366  7-1387?),  son  of  ^aurice  Fitzgerald  (</. 
1368)  [q.  v.]  ;  attacked  by  the  native  Irish  of  his  barony, 
1386.  [xix.  139] 

FITZOERALD,  HENRY  YBSBY  (d.  I860),  dean  of 
Emly  (1818-36)  and  dean  of  Kilmore  (1836-60);  son  of 
James  Fitzgerald  (1743-1836)  [q.  v.]  [xix.  131] 

FITZOESALD,  JAMES  fFiTZJOByX  fourteenth  Earl 
of  Desmond  (d.  1668),  second  son  of  ISir  John  Desmond ; 
assumed  title  on  denth  of  his  grandfather,  John  Fitz- 
tbomas  (1636),  and  allied  himself  with  the  rebel  O'Brien 
of  Thomond ;  four  years  later  submitted  to  lord  deputy 
St.  Leger ;  received  by  Henry  YIII,  who  acknowledged 
his  title,  1643  >  created  lord  treasurer  of  Ireland  by  Ed- 
ward VI,  and  continued  in  ofllce  by  Mary,  though  arrested 
for  treason ;  did  much  to  pacify  Munster.       [xix.  133] 

FITZOEEALD,  JAMBS  (FitzmauricbX  thirteenth 
Earl  of  Desmond  (d.  1640);  waylaid  and  slain  near 
Cork  by  Sir  Maurice  of  Desmond.  [xix.  136] 

FITZOEEALD,  JAMES  (Fitzmaurice)  (d.  1679), 
*arch- traitor' ;  assumai  the  position  of  captain  of  Des- 
mond and  r^)eUed  against  the  English  government ;  sul> 
mitted  to  Sir  John  Perrot,  1678  ;  on  return  of  Deranond 
(1676X  retired  to  France  and  saw  Catherine  de'  Medici ; 
visited  Spain  and  Italy;  concerted  with  Pope  Gregory 
XIII  and  Stukely  plan  for  invasion  of  Ireland;  sailed 
from  Spain  with  first  body  of  invaders,  1679 ;  killed  in  a 
skirmisli,  soon  after  landing,  by  his  cousin,  Theobald 
Burke.  [xix.  126] 

FITZOERALD,  JAMES,  Hhe  Tower  Bari'  or  *the 
Queen's  Earl  of  Desmond'  (1670  ?-1601),  son  of  Cterald 
Fitzgerald,  fifteenth  earl  of  Desmond  [q.T.],  by  his  second 
wife;  delirered  by  his  mother  to  the  Irish  government  on 
rebellion  of  his  father,  1679 ;  remored  to  Tower  of  London 
and  impriscmed  there  sixteen  years ;  released  in  1600  and 
taken  to  Munster  to  bring  back  the  Gerakiines  to  their 
allegiance ;  failed,  and  retomed  to  London,  where  he  died. 

[xix.  127] 

FITZOESALD,  JAMES  (Fitzthomas),  the  Suoan 
Earl  of  Desmond  {d.  1608),  assumed  the  title  of  earl  in 
1698,  and  for  three  years  carried  on  war  in  Munster ;  cap- 
tured iu  a  cave  near  Mitohdstowu  by  the  White  knight. 


Edmund  Fitzgibbon  [q.  v.]  ;    removed  to  England  «ad 
imprisoned  in  the  Tower,  where  be  died  insane. 

[xix.l»] 
FITZOESALD,  JAMES,  first  Dukk  of  LEixnn 
(1733-1 773X  M.P.  for  Athy  in  Irish  parliament  (aiLoid 
Offaly),  1741;  succeeded  as  twentieth  Earl  of  KlUsn 
1744 ;  created  Visootmt  Ldnster  in  English  peerage,  17tf ; 
procured  recall  of  Duke  of  Doi«et  from  Irdand,  17M: 
himself  appointed  lord  deputy,  1766 ;  created  Eul  of 
Offaly  and  Marquis  of  Kildare  in  Irish  [leenige,  and  Duke 
of  Leinster,  1761-6.  [xix.  l»] 

FITZOESALD,  JAMES  (1743-1835X  Irish  poUtidaa; 
educated  at  Trinity  OoUege,  Dublin:  called  to  Irish  bsr, 
1769 ;  had  a  large  practice,  and  became  prime  cerjesat, 
1787 ;  entered  Irish  parliament  for  Bnnis,  1773 ;  npn- 
sented  co.  Kildare  in  Ust  Irish  parliament ;  distingcddMi 
himself  as  an  orator  and  was  dismissed  for  his  tpue^m 
against  the  union  ;  M.P.  for  Ennis  in  imporial  psrfia- 
ment,  1803-8  and  1812-13 :  refused  a  peerage;  his  vile 
created  Baroness  Fitzgerald,  1836.  [xix.  130] 

FITZOESALD,  JAMES  EDWARD  (1818-18M). 
prime  minister  in  New  Zealand;  B.A.  Trinity  Golkge. 
Cambridge,  1843;  ander-secretary  of  British  Museam. 
1849;  accompanied  to  Kew  Zeahuid,  1860,  Sdwanl 
Gibbon  Wakefield  [q.  v.]  and  John  Robert  QoSkj 
[q.  ▼.],  and  pioneers  of  Canterbury  settlement;  iint 
superintendent  of  province  of  Canterbury  and  member 
for  Lyttelton  in  first  New  Zealand  parliament,  18SS: 
prime  minister,  1864 ;  founded  *  Pre»  *  newspaper,  1881 ; 
controller-general,  1866;  commissioner  of  audita  1873; 
controller  and  auditor-general,  1878.        [SuppL  IL  314] 

FITZOESALD,  JOHN,  first  Earl  of  Kildari.  [See 
Fitzthomas,  John,  d.  1816.] 

FITZOESALD,  Sir  JOHN,  of  Deamond  (d,  1581X 
Irish  rebel ;  brother  of  Gerald  Fitzgerald,  fifteenth  esii 
of  Desmond  [q.  v.] ;  for  some  time  chief  of  the  Iiirii 
rebels ;  hanged  at  Cork.  [xix.  13S] 

FITZOESALD,  JOHN  DAVID,  Lord  FmfiBAiD 
(1816-1889),  Irish  judge ;  studied  at  King's  Inns,  DaUin, 
and  Gray's  Inn ;  called  to  Irish  bar,  1838;  joined  Hoo- 
ster  circuit;  Q.C.,  1847;  liberal  M.P.  for  Bnnis.  180: 
solicitor-general  for  Ireland  and  bencher  of  Kiog'V  loUr 
1866 ;  attorney-general,  1866-8  and  1869 :  Irish  privy 
councillor,  1866 ;  introduced  and  passed  bill  f/at  establidi- 
ing  court  of  chancery  appeal  in  mland,  1856 ;  jostioe  of 
queen's  bench  in  Ireland,  1860-83 ;  appointed  ksd  of 
appeal  with  life  peerage,  and  English  privy  ooandllor, 
1883;  honorary  bencher  of  Gray's  Inn,  18M8;  hoooniT 
LL.D.  Dublin,  1870.  [SappL  IL  Hi] 

FITZOESALD,  JOHN  (Fitzbdmund)  {d.  IM»X 
seneschal  of  Imokilly;  joined  the  r^>ellion  of  JsnMi 
(Fitsmaurice)  Fitzgerald  [q.  ▼.],  *the  arch-traitor,'  IM>- 
1673,  after  whose  death  he  became  the  yirtoal  besd  of  tbe 
second  rising ;  submitted,  1683 ;  arrested  four  yean  btcr ; 
died  in  Dublin  CasUe.  [xix.  ISl] 

FITZOESALD,  Sir  JOHN  (Fitzedmund)  (1U9- 
1613),  dean  of  Cloyne;  granted  an  annuity  for  hisnp- 
port  of  government ;  knighted,  and  made  dean  of  (3oyoe, 
though  a  layman.  [xix.  1^ 

FITZOESALD,  Sir  JOHN  FORSTER  (1784?-l8JT)i 
field-marshal ;  ensign,  1798  ;  distinguished  himself  nVSf 
serving  vdtii  60th  foot  at  siege  of  Badajos,  1813:  while 
commanding  brigade  in  the  Pyrenees  was  captond,  but 
exchanged ;  created  C.B.  for  services  in  Peninsula ;  sfto^ 
wards  held  commands  in  Canada  and  India;  tatjfit- 
general,  1830;  K.C3.,  1831;  lieutenant-goiaal,  IMU 
general,  1864,  G.03.,  1863,  field-marshal,  1876 ;  MJP. «« 
CO.  Clare,  1863-7 ;  died  at  Tours,  the  oldffit  oflkxriAtbe 
service.  [xix.  US] 

FITZOESALD,  KATHERINB, the  'old*  OouNTfli 
OF  Dbbmond  (1600  7-1604);  second  wife  of  TboDtf. 
twelfth  earl ;  said  to  have  lived  to  the  age  of  140(piobst)^ 
a  mistake  for  104).  [xix.  114] 

FITZOESALD,  MAURICE  (d.  I176X  «n  ^*^ 
conqueror  of  Ireland ;  brother  of  David  n  [q.  t.],  WdW 
of  St.  David's ;  went  to  IreUnd,  1169,  and  commsndn 
the  English  contingent  iu  tbe  expedition  of  Deruok 
against  Dublin  ;  led  the  great  sally  from  the  city,  1171: 
received  grant  of  property  in  Kildare ;  died  at  Wei^vd, 
where  his  ruined  monument  was  seen  aevend  haodrei 
years  Uter.  [xix.  ui] 


FrazOBRALD 


PITZaCLBBRT 


luttnnm 


il  Df  0<hl;  (q.  T.j  :  appainlal  juitlciu-.  mg  ^ 
utd  cuptand  RtcbaM,  xhe  eftri  uurBboL,  13^4, 
vkB  fiUspectM  to  hare  polvoaal ;  cktricd  on 
lAiLAqgbt  HEid  Viam  ;  mlenel  olDix.  1!4A,  bat 
f  u  hu  aam.'cHOT,  iiDd  helped  blm  In  b[i  win. 

'KEAU>.  UAatllCB  FinmDRltK  (IIM?- 
iliciu  of  IttUhI:  h«  Df  UsDcice  FlU)[mlJ, 
>aslT  (llM?-lM7)(q.  r.)-  WU|Inutal(l91B) 
■it]£  ami  the  ■hiicTikItT  ol  CouunDgbt :  janl- 
duil,  l!7J-3;  capUind  0  Brim,  klntr  of  Tho- 


wS^gtoi 


•d  o(  WfStagtoD  ud  OuUenHli.  [ili 
hEKAIS,  FA3fBLAI17*«MUl\  wife  at  Lord 
lUREnlil  r^.  r.J ;  ducrtbiil  In  bcr  mBrri«M 
m  ot  Se^^touaUAitl  pAnou^e,  Nil  popuUrty 


Km  br  mjgtTBld  D( 
vlreliiiid:  ilillol  iiiiii  duiDg  bl>  linprlii 


O'Briai.  lITt,  uid  rolel  Irtifind  till   Uie 
"■   ■       nlncul  Cork.  [ili.  IH] 

■KUUI.  THOU*e,s«ondEtnLarKiLi>iRE 
joMieUc  oC  Inluid ;  ><in  at  Jcfbn  FiUttioinu. 
{q.t.1:  nurrlslJoaD.  lUni^Lter  of  I^Lchnnl  dft 
Tl  at  tJLtffr :  Jed  a  trrrat  omiy  iifiiliuit  Edu-Brd 
4^  jiHlicUr,  ]ll3Uuidl3>7;H  fartiuiiof  no^iT 

(.(t.  ua] 
tSMALB.  THOUAa.  dgblb  Bihl  of  DsmoNO 
Ui.  lorl  dejntf  ot  IreUnJ.  l<(i)-I ;  iiiiiBnirrlal, 
aicaiulol  >m  clurga  of  uIIIbum  with   Irlib; 
it  DiDgbaJv  []iii.  H7) 

itftALS.  THOUAa.  MTwUl  BaU-LM-  KlLniM 
lonl  df paV  of  InUfid,  IISA-B,  for  Rlch»nl.  diikv 


Kiij>tita(lill-1M7).  «m  of  Qcnid  yitcgemld. 
[q.  >.] :  ippointa]  dspntT-gonruar  or  Indaul, 

jmictfll  to  Liini  Lt-tmard  Gny,  la3&  ;  ciwuti*] 


AM  (18li-l«9)),  Mibop 
IS  CiilliK«.  Dublin :  B.A.  I§ 
n1  p1j|]o»pbj  ia  tbe  a^^ 


l«coD  of  Klldirt.  1861 :    blibop  d(  Ork.  Cloyne.  wd 
Amloijy  of  Riligiab.*  and  poblLilied  niiEDrron  DtbK 


[q.  *-] ;  lupfiortcd  IJie  no 


Bdwsnl  Fllinrmld 
[111.  Til] 


nrzoKEiiD.  SSI  wiLi.i\M  Robert  bbyhoos 

■E3KY  (IHIS-IBHSJ,  governor  of  BomhBy;  M^,  OiM 
ollege,  Oifocd.  1S44 ;  NewdlfBte  prlionin.  I8U:  btr- 
lalcr,  UbcoIu'h  ron,  IMS;  MJ,  Bonfalla.  IWI-Cf; 
hdcr-f ecretarj  for  fDrtigD  ulTiiln,  lUB-8 :   bon.  D.da 

Ller  oLerilj  MmmlJrtoiier,  l.B7(.  [iti.  IHJ 

FITZQE8ALD,  WILLIAM  THOMAS  (l)g»T-lMt), 
iruiloni':p>K>dledln'tlejevtBd  AikirBM.'    Iilii.  1»] 


IITZaZULII, 

I  AM  VB8EY, 

Babok   Pin- 

Wn  VKHIT  ( 

IMI),  (tnUUDMl 

•ODDHUgbt 

lai^J 

MJ>.,BoBl^ 

»b  ptivr  coc 

«fan,  1810: 

Bngli'ih 

prli7  connd 

^l,J,„o 

IBI9-IS:  MJ'..« 

r=ti 

aso-i 

ffiSSS 

jiet* 

■Conwll  (ot  Clmn 

byO 

;dHUdIor 

boraqgh..  I 

m  • 

ad  tlUO;  U.P.,  Bnnl>,  INl-ll 

b»' 

t«r.*«,   IMS 

ingliib 

peoi  by  P«1, 

prcaldtul  of  turd  ol  coytnl 

I»I,.1»J1 

TITZQIBBOII,  EDMUND  (FiTXJORH)  (Iig9?-l«an, 
tb>  'Wblle  Knlftbf:  prsbkbly  ImpliciiUid  Is  O'NmlSi 
rebellion,  tbowb  ibflriff  of  Cork  it  tbc  anw!  oajitond 
Ibe  Sugin  BtH  (Jams  FltaUWDU  PJtiMnld.  d.  1«(M) 
[q.  V.].  end  (IStHi  w»  neUed  bj  Judh  rBkran  ot  Clms- 


L™iblBliwfo«"bJ.de»Iii.'  "        ""   ™  (JTi 

ftKOlBaoV,  BDWARD  {I»ua-1M7).  wrlle 

Krote  In  Eiielnut  lor  tlie  -  Mamlov  Chronicle-  >nc 

cdilvd  'The  Conipleot  Apglei,'  IBU.  [ill 

FtrZoiBBC'M,  okralD  (i;os-i88t),  lnws 

■  Dtbor:  U.A.Trlalty College. DubUn.liaS:  aUc 
IHib  b>r.  IBW:  qA..  IMI :  dofented  Dr.  On] 
lUte  (rlili  D(  IMI.  wbeo  be  n(D>Bl  •  Dbilleiureiail 
tbe  attorDey^geoerml; 
wry,  18B0:  ppt"-'- 
tbt  BUtieadd 


mZGlSBOX,  JOeS,  Him.  c)i 
Trmil/c3'l4>i,  DnbliS  °  m'j.  Chi 
praolW,  and  (I'M)    bemini*   Mloi 


imWenlal  irsty  with  Englmid.  17V 
. , j.i  ....  wblteboj  Aot, 


MsphM 
■hluid, 


begMi  bli  polUiT 


ful  iHMbei  In  lopmrt  of  Pitt's  regency  prop»id«,  1789 : 
lord  ehanoellor  at  Ireiind,  17BS-1WI*;  creslod  Buon 
Pitaglbbon,  1789,  VlKOUDl  Fltigibbon.  1T93.  and  Bar)  oj 
C\m,  I79B  :  bocsme  nt  tbe  nrHon  ■  peer  of  tbe  United 

FIT20ILBEKT,itlCHABD(d.lO»9!).    [SeeCLABI, 


FiTZGrLBBRT 


440 


FITZJAMBB 


FITZOILBEBT,  RIOHARD  (d.  1136  ?).    [See  Glare, 

UlCUARD    DR.] 

FITZHAHON,  ROBERT  (d.  1107),  conqueror  of  Qla- 
morgau  :  rewarded  for  his  aapport  of  the  crown  in  Odo*s 
revolt  (1088)  by  grants  of  lands  in  Qloaoestershire,  Buck- 
inghamshire, and  Oomwall ;  soon  afterwards  began  his 
conquest  of  South  Wales,  aided  by  twelve  knights ;  sup- 
ported Henry  I  against  Duke  Robert,  by  whom  he  was 
captured  in  Normandy  (1106)  and  imprisoned  at  Bayeux  : 
rescued  by  the  king,  1 105  ;  procured  the  surrender  of  Oaen  ; 
died  from  effects  of  wound  received  at  siege  of  Falaise; 
buried  in  Tewkesbury  Abbey,  of  which  he  was  second 
founder.  [xix.  169] 

FITZHABDIN6.  ROBERT  (d.  1170),  founder  of  the 
second  house  of  Berkeley ;  probably  grandson  of  Eadnoth 
[q.  v.],  the  staller :  as  reeve  of  Bristol  supported  cause  of 
the  Empress  Matilda,  and  bought  much  property  in  the 
west  from  Robert  of  Gloucester ;  granted  by  Henry  II 
the  lordship  of  Berkelqr  Hemesse ;  built  priory  of  St. 
Augu:>tinc*s,  now  Bristol  Oathedral.  [xix.  16S] 

FITZHARDINGE,  Baron  (1788-1867).    [SeeBERKK- 

LEY,  .ViAURICR  PRRDRRICK  FITZHARDIN'OR.] 

FITZHASRIS,  EDWARD (1648 ?-1681),  conspirator; 
an  Iri!<b  catholic ;  resigned  lieutenancy  in  the  army  after 
Test  Act^  1673;  impeached  for  publishing  pamphlet  ad- 
vocating the  deposition  of  Oharles  II  in  favour  of  James, 
duke  of  York,  1681 :  his  impeachment  interrupted  by  the 
dissolution  of  parliament ;  tried  before  the  king's  bench 
and  convicted  of  lit>el ;  executed  after  vainly  endeavour- 
ing to  fix  the  authorship  on  Lord  Howard  of  Bscrick  and 
to  implicate  others  in  a  charge  of  conspiracy,  [xix.  163] 

FITZHENST,  MEILER  (</.  1220),  justicUr  of  Ire- 
land ;  grandson  of  Henry  I,  through  his  bastard  son 
Henry ;  accompanied  his  uncle,  Robert  Fitzstephen  [q.  v.], 
to  Ireland,  and  distinguished  himself  in  the  invasion  of 
Ossory,  1 169 ;  returning  to  Ireland  recdved  grant  of  pro- 
perty in  Kildare,  1 174,  and  received  fnrther  grants  in  Kerry 
and  Ck>rk  from  King  John,  for  whom  he  was  justiciar, 
1200-H :  founded  (12U2)  Oonnall  Abbey,  Kildare,  where  he 
waH  barie<L  [xix.  164] 

FITZHENRY,  Mrs.  (</.  1790?),  actress  ;  iiAr  Flanni- 
gan  ;  after  the  death  of  her  first  husband,  Oapt.  Gregory, 
appeared  at  Oovent  Garden,  1764 ;  afterwards  made  a 
reputation  in  Dublin ;  reappeared  at  0>vent  Garden  in 
her  original  part  of  Hermione  in  *  The  Distressed  Mother,' 
and  Lady  Macbeth,  1757 ;  married  Fitxhenry,  a  lawyer ; 
played  again  in  Dublin,  1769-64,  Oalistain  *  The  Fair  Peni- 
tent,' and  Shakespearean  parts ;  acted  at  Druzy  Lane,  1766; 
rival  of  Mrs.  Yates  on  the  IrUh  boards.  [xix.  166] 

FITZHERBERT,  ALLEYKB,  Barox  St.  Hrlfxb 
(1763-1839 ),diplomatist :  educated  at  Eton  and  St.  John's 
College,  Cambridge ;  M.A.,  1777 ;  visited  while  at  Cam- 
bridge by  Gray ;  ambassador  at  Brnsads,  1777-82  ; 
negotiated  preliminaries  of  peace  with  France  and  Spain, 
1782-3  ;  envoy  extraordinary  at  court  of  Russia,  1783-7  ; 
chief -secretary  for  Ireland,  1787-9;  envoy  extraordinary 
at  the  Hague,  1789 ;  as  ambassador  at  Madrid,  1791-4, 
Fettled  the  Nootka  Sound  difficulty,  and  concluded  a 
treaty  with  Spain,  for  which  he  was  created  an  Irish 
peer  ;  returned  to  the  Hague ;  raised  to  the  British  peer- 
age for  concluding  a  treaty  with  Russia,  1801 ;  created  a 
lord  of  the  bedchamber,  1804.  [xix.  166] 

FITZHERBERT.  Sir  ANTHONY  (1470-1638),  judge ; 
barrister,  Gray's  Inn ;  serjeant-at-law,  1610 :  king's  Ser- 
jeant, 1616  ;  knighted  and  appointeil  a  judge  of  the  com- 
mon pleas,  1622 ;  one  of  the  commissioners  who  negotiated 
pacification  in  Ireland  between  Kildare  and  Ormonde, 
1624;  signed  articles  of  impeachment  against  Wolsey, 
1629 ;  a  member  of  the  courts  which  tried  the  Oarthusians 
and  Fisher  and  More.  His  *La  Graunde  Abridgement* 
(published  1614)  is  the  first  important  attempt  to  system^ 
atise  the  whole  law ;  other  works  are  also  attributed  to 
him.  [xix.  168] 

FITZHERBERT,  MARIA  ANNS  (1766-1837),  wife 
of  George  IV ;  daughter  of  Walter  Smythe ;  married 
first  Edward  Weld  of  Lulworth  Oastle,  1776,  and  secondly 
Thomas  Fitzherbert  of  Swynnertou,  1778 ;  lived  at  Rich- 
mond after  the  death  (1781)  of  her  second  husband ; 
married  to  George,  Prince  of  Wales,  at  her  house,  December 
1785,  before  witnessei:  lived  with  the  Prince  of  Wales 


till  1803 ;  recognised  by  the  royal  family  in  spite  of  the 
Royal  Marriage  Act  and  the  Act  of  Settlement,  wfakh 
marie  the  marriage  illegal  on  account  of  the  minority  of  tk 
prince  and  the  Roman  catholic  religion  of  Mrs.  FltdMr- 
bert.  Fox's  denial  in  parliament  that  the  oeremooy  bil 
taken  place  was  privately  repudiated  by  the  prince. 

[xix.m] 
FITZHERBERT,  NICHOLAS  (16&0-1612X  Movtuy 
to  Cardinal  Allen :  grandson  of  Sir  Anthony  Fitsbertni 
[q.  v.] ;  studied  at  Exeter  College,  Oxford,  Doosy,  ud 
Bologna ;  attainted,  1680,  for  his  activity  in  raising  fooiii 
for  the  English  (catholic)  college  at  Rheims:  became 
secretary  to  Cardinal  Allen  at  Rome,  1687 ;  opposed  te 
policy  of  Parsons:  drowned  at  Florence,  where  be  \n 
buried  ;  his  published  works  include  a  history  of  Roma 
Catholicism  in  England,  1608  and  1638.  [xix.  171] 

FITZHERBERT,  THOMAS  (1662-1640),  jenit: 
grandson  of  Sir  Anthony  Fitzherbert  [q.  v.];  edocited 
at  Oxford;  imprisoned  for  recusancy  at  Oxford,  1672: 
after  his  release  assisted  Parsons  and  Campion ;  relirri 
to  France,  1682,  and  afterwards  to  SpiUn,  where  be  tm 
pensioned  by  the  king;  charged  with  a  plot  to  poiaos 
Queen  Elizabeth,  1698 ;  ordained  priest  at  Rome  ;  became 
a  Jesuit  in  1613;  for  twelve  years  agent  for  theBn^idi 
clergy:  became  superior  of  the  English  misrion  tt 
Brui^S  1616;  rector  of  the  English  college  at  Borne, 
1618-39,  where  he  died ;  publisl^  works  dealing  with 
political  aspects  of  Roman  Catholicism.  [xix.  172] 

FITZHERBERT.  WILLIAM  (d.  1164),  archbiiiwp 
of  York:  generally  known  as  St.  William  of  York:  tna- 
surer  and  canon  of  York,  c.  1130 :  one  of  King  Stefbm'f 
chaplains;  elected  archbishop  of  York  under  presnre 
from  King  Stephen,  1142  ;  opposed  by  a  minority  of  (^ 
tercians,  and  compelled  to  go  to  Rome  to  eecore  connoa- 
tion  ;  denied  the  pallium  by  Eugenins  III  under  the  in- 
fluence of  St.  Beruanl  of  Clairvaux  ;  suspended  from  hto 
see ;  took  refuge  with  Roger,  king  of  Sicily :  deposed  it 
the  council  of  Rheims,  1147  :  restored  to  his  see  and  r^ 
ceived  his  pall  from  Anastasius  IV,  1163 ;  died  very  sod- 
denly,  perhaps  from  poisKin.  In  1227  be  was  canonised, 
and  his  remains  were  removed  to  a  shrine  behind  the  high  ^ 
altar  in  York  Minster,  in  the  pre«nce  of  Edward  I.  IIW.      1 

[xix.  m 

FITZHERBERT,  Sir  WILLIAM  (174R-1791),  ektet 
brother  of  Alleyne  Fitzherbert,  baron  St.  Helens  [q.  t.]  : 
gentlemau-ushcr  to  George  III ;  created  baronet,  1784; 
author  of  *  Maxims*  and  a  *  Dialogue  on  the   BefCBix      j 
Laws.'  [xix.  WT] 

FITZHUBERT,  ROBERT  (./?.  1 140),  freebooter ;  * 
Flemish  mercenary,  who  came  over  witii  Stephen :  osntol 
on  private  war,  twizing  the  castles  of  Malmesborr  9ixA 
Devizes:  hanged  before  the  latter  by  the  E«ri  o^ 
Gloucester.  [xix.  176] 

FITZHXraH,  ROBERT  (d.  1436),  bishop  of  Loodoo: 
master  of  King's  Hall,  Cambridge,  and  vice-chanoeUor  of 
the  university,  1424 ;  aniba.ssador  to  Rome  and  Venice, 
1429 :  bishop  of  London,  1431,  being  consecrated  st 
Foligno,  Italy ;  one  of  the  English  delegates  at  the  oomidl 
of  Baxle,  1434,  on  the  way  home  from  which  be  died; 
buried  in  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  [xix.  1T7] 

FITZJAHE3,  JAMES,  Dukr  of  Berwick  (ItTO- 
1734),  marshal  of  France;  natural  son  of  Jame&.dalreof 
York  (James  II),  by  Arabella  Churchill  [q  v.] :  bom  ind 
educated  in  France :  came  to  England  after  his  father^ 
accession  and  wa<«  created  Duke  of  Berwick,  1687 :  die* 
tinguished  himself  in  Hungary  against  the  Turks;  served 
in  Ireland  against  William  III,  1689-90.  and  in  Flando* 
as  a  French  officer,  being  taken  prifMiner  at  Xoerwinda  • 
1693 :  commandeil  with  success  French  army  in  Sp^ 
1704  ;  partially  subdued  the  Camtsards  and  took  Kioe,ftv 
which  he  was  created  Mari^hal  de  France :  defett«d  to 
English  under  Gal  way  (Ruvigny)  at  Almanza,  1707 ;  de- 
fended south-eastern  France  against  Prince  Eag*Bt 
1709-10 ;  after  the  peace  of  Utrecht  supported  the  EnglJ* 
alliance :  appointed  to  command  the  French  army  ol  ^ 
Rhine,  1733;  kiUed  at  the  siege  of  Fhilipsboarg  in  tbe 
second  campaign,  next  year.  [xix.  178] 

FITZJAMES,  Sir  JOHN  (1470  ?-1642  ?),  jmlge  :nepbe« 
of  Richard  Fitz  james  [q.  v.],  bishop  of  Loiidon  ;  inaiffStt 
of  the  Middle  Temple,  1509 ;  recorder  of  Bristol,  UU: 
attorney-general,  1619  ;  serjeant-at-law,  1621  :  chidbiWn 
of  the  exchequer,  1622  ;  chief -justice  of  tbe  king^  bcndii 


FiTZJAMEd 


441 


FITZROY 


es  of  impeachment  against  Wolsey,  1639 ; 
mrt  which  tried  the  Oarthosians  and 
retired  from  office,  1538.     [zix.  179] 

RICHARD  (d.  163SX  bishop  of  Lon- 
m  OoUege,  Oxford;  fellow  of  Merton, 
3  ;  principal  of  St.  Alban  Hall,  1477-81 ; 
kPd  IV  ;  warden  of  Merton,  1483-1607 ; 
er,  1497  ;  one  of  the  n^otlators  of  the 
,  1499 ;  bishop  of  Chichester,  1604,  of 
fe  IntTodnced  reforms  at  Oxford  and 
MX.  [xix.  180] 

r,  REGINALD  (1140  ?-1191),  arch- 
knterbory:  called  ^the  Lombard,*  from 
Italy:  at  first  a  friend  of  Becket;  be- 
at when  Becket  exoommonicated  his 
p  of  Salisbury :  employed  by  Henry  II 
es  to  the  pope ;  bishop  of  Bath,  1174 ; 
of  St.  John  at  Bath,  1180 :  one  of  the 
>  repress  heresy  at  Toulouse,  1178 ; 
Coonoil,  1179;  helped  to  overthrow 
;  elected  to  see  of  Canterbury,  1191, 

[xix.  181] 
EUSTACE  id.  1157),  judge;  justice- 
north  and  governor  of  Bamb(nt>ugh 
ry  I,  who  gave  him  much  property  in 
>rted  the  Empress  Matilda ;  fought  at 
Itandard  in  David's  army,  1138 ;  founded 
147,  and  Qllbertine  houses  in  Yorkshire  ; 
ester  fell  while  taking  part  in  Henry  II*s 
Dto  Wales.  The  Barons  de  Vescy  were 
A  son  William.  [xix.  183] 

PAIS  (rf.  1137),  judge:  brother  of 
[q-  ▼•]  *f  justice-itinerant  under  Henry  I ; 
lire  aiid  Herefordshire;  supported  Ste- 
Ctle  with  Welsh  rebels.  [xix.  184] 

THOMAS,  f«econd  EviiL  ov  Kildarr 
'rrzoKiiALn,  Thomas.] 

5E,  HENRY  PETTY-,  tblnl  Marquw 
1780-1863).    [See  PKiTV-Frr/MAURiCE.] 

OB,  .JAME.S  id.  1679).  [8ee  FiTZ- 
Fitzmaurh'k.] 

CE,  Mr-h.  (Jt.  1741-1766).     [See  Hipr>2*- 

CS,  PATRICK,  seventeenth  Lord 
)!»  LixxAW  (1661  ?-18(W),  son  and  heir  \ 
aanrice,  sixteenth  lord  Kerry  [q.  v.]  ; 
»  rebellion,  1680;  escaped,  1681,  from 
he  was  confined ;  again  captured,  1687, 
b  Dublin  till  1593  ;  joined  O'Neill's  rising 

[xix.  184] 

OE,  THOMAS,  sixteenth  Lori>  Kki{RY 
:XAW  (1602-1690);  served  in  imporial 
ebelled  against  Queen  Elizabeth's  govern- 
loned,  1683.  [xix.  185] 

CB,  THOMAS,  eighteenth  Lord  Kerry 
<;aw  (1674-1630),  sou  of  Patrick  Fitz- 
mth  lord  Kerry  [q.  v.] :  took  au  active 

rebellion,  but  submitted  In  1603;  im- 
m  for  refusing  jointure  to  his  son. 

[xix.  186] 
or  FITZKIOSL,  RICHARD,  other- 
p  Ely  id.  1198),  bishop  of  London  ;  son 
of  Ely,  whom  he  succeeded  as^treasurer 
»:  became  justice-itinerant,  1179;  dean 
:  hip  election  to  the  bishopric  of  Lincohi 
iry  1 1  in  favour  of  Hugh  :  appointed 
on.  Ilft9;  continued  as  trca:?urer  by 
latcd  between  Prince  John  and  Long- 
ed Geoffrey  Plantagenet  from  Long- 
loyal  to  Richard  I  against  Prince  John  : 
ig  ;  wrote  *  Dlalogus  de  Scaccario '  and 
Cing  Henry  and   King  Richard'  ('Tri- 

latter  wrongly  ascribed  to  Benedict  (</. 
eterborouglu  [xix.  186] 

W,  WILLIAM,  Earl  op  Hereford  id. 
em  the  senc^clial,  who  was  giurdian  of 
jneror  when  Duke  of  Normandy  ;  nrgeil 
neftt  of  England,  and  led  right  wing  at 
granted  lands  in  the  we^a  ;  joint  viceroy 


of  England  during  William's  abeenoe,  1067 ;  as  Earl  of 
Hereford  defended  the  border  against  the  South  Webb ; 
sent  to  administer  Normandy  for  the  queen,  1070  ;  kiUed 
at  Oaaael  fighting  for  Counteas  of  FUmders.    [xix.  188] 

FITZOSBEBT,  WILLIAM  (d.  1196),  demagogue; 
known  as  *  Longbeard  * ;  led  agitation  in  London  against 
the  city  magnates,  particularly  in  oonnection  with  the 
aids  levied  for  Richard  I's  ransom,  1194;  dragged  from 
sanctuary  in  Bow  Church  by  order  of  the  primate  and 
hanged  in  chains  at  Smithfield.  [xix.  189] 

FITZPATBIGK,  Sir  BARNABY,  Baron  op  Upper 
OmoRY  (1636  7-1681 X  educated  at  court  with  Prince 
Edward  (Bdwud  VI);  while  in  France  corresponded 
with  the  king  (correspondence  printed  in  ^  Literary  Re- 
mains of  Edwaid  V I ') :  active  in  suppression  of  Wvatt's 
rebellion,  1663 ;  went  to  Ireland,  where  he  had  lifelong 
feud  with  Ormonde;  his  wife  and  daughter  abducted, 
1678 ;  killed  the  rebel  Rory  O'More,  1678.        [xix.  190] 

FITZPATBIGK,  RICHARD,  first  Baron  Oowran 
(d.  1737),  naval  commander ;  distinguished  himself  against 
the  French,  1687-1 70S;  granted  hmd  in  Queen*s  (Tonnty 
and  created  an  Irish  peer,  1716.  [xix.  191] 

FITZPATBIGK,  RICHARD  (1747-1818),  general, 
politician,  and  wit;  grandson  of  Richard  Fitspatriok, 
first  baron  Gowran  [q.  v.]  ;  began  at  Westminster  life- 
long friendship  with  C.  J.  Fox  ;  entered  the  army,  1766  ; 
served  in  America,  1777-8 ;  M.P.  for  Tavistock,  1774, 1807, 
and  1812 ;  M.P.  for  Bedfordshire,  1807- IS  ;  chief  secretary 
for  Ireland.  178S;  secretary  of  war  in  coalition  of  1788, 
and  in  ministry  of  all  the  talents,  1806-7  ;  one  of  the  chief 
writers  of  the  '  Rolliad.'  [xix.  191] 

FITZPATBIGK,  WILLIAM  JOHN  (1880-1896),  Irish 
biograplicr ;  educated  at  Clongowes  Wood  Roman  catholic 
college,  CO.  KUdare;  honorary  professor  of  history  at 
Roy^  Hibernian  Academy  of  Arts,  1876 ;  honorary  LL.D. 
Royal  Universi^'  of  Irekuid.  He  published  a  number  of 
works,  relating  chiefly  to  the  secret  history  of  eminent 
personages,  including  *  Life  and  Times  of  Bishop  Doyle,* 
1861,  *  Lord  Edward  Fitxgerald,'  1869,  *  The  Sham  Squire,* 
1866,  *  Ireland  before  the  Union,'  1867,  and  *The  Corre^ 
spondence  of  Daniel  O'Connell,*  1888.  He  alto  produced 
a  pamphlet,  1866,  claiming  for  Thomas  Scott,  brother  of 
Sir  Wfdter  Scott,  the  chieif  credit  for  a  large  part  of  the 
Waverley  novel*.  [SuppL  IL  S16] 

FITZPETEB,  GEOFFREY,  Earl  op  Ebbbx  (</. 
1S13),  one  of  the  five  judges  of  the  king's  oourt  while 
Ricliard  I  was  on  crusade;  joined  oppodtion  to  Long- 
champ  and  was  excommunicated ;  appointed  chief  justi- 
ciar, 1198 ;  ennobled  by  John,  whose  succession  he  did 
much  to  secure ;  joint- vic^erent  when  the  king  set  out 
for  Poitou.  [xix.  19S] 

FITZBALPH,  RKTHARD,  *  Armagh anur*  (d.  13601 
archbishop  of  Armagh  :  fellow  of  Balliol  College,  Oxford, 
and  perhaps  chancc^or ;  dean  of  Lichfield,  1387 ;  arch- 
bishop of  Armagh,  1347 ;  had  great  repute  as  a  preacher ; 
attacked  the  friars,  and  was  cited  in  1367  to  defend  his 
opinions  before  the  pope  at  Avignon,  where  he  probably 
died :  wrote  treatises  agaln^tt  the  errors  of  Armenian 
Christians  and  against  the  friars'  doctrine  of  obligatory 
poverty.  [xix.  194] 

FTTZBICHABD,  GILBERT  (d,  1116  ?).  [See  Clare, 
Gilbert  db.] 

FITZBOBEBT,   SIMON   (d.  1207).    [See  Simon  db 

WELIi*.] 

FITZBOT.  AUGUSTUS  HENRY,  third  Dukk  of 
Grafton  (1735-1811),  statesman:  educated  at  West- 
minster and  Peterhouse,  Cambridge ;  M.A.,  1763 ;  as  Earl 
of  Euston  M.P.  for  Bury  St.  Edmunds,  1766 ;  succeeded 
to  dukedom,  1767,  being  aim  named  lord-lieutenant  of 
Suffolk;  opposed  Bute;  viisiteii  Wilkes  in  the  Tower, 
1763;  secretary  for  the  northern  department  In  Rocking- 
ham's first  ministry,  1766-6,  but  resigned  when  it  wag 
not  supported  by  Pitt;  became  nominal  head  of  the 
(Chatham  admhiistration,  1766,  and  actual  first  miniater 
when  Pitt  rvtired  two  years  later;  outvoted  in  his  own 
cabinet  on  the  repeal  of  the  American  tea  duty,  and  at- 
tacked by  Jiniiua  and  Chatlmm  :  resigned,  January  1770 ; 
held  the  office  of  privj-  seal  under  Lonl  North,  1771-6,  with- 
out a  seat  in  the  cabinet ;  in  opposition  agabi  till  March 
1782,  when  he  joined  second  Rockingham  cabinet  as  loid 


PITZROY 


44d 


FITZWAliMJH 


privy  seal ;  wrote,  in  retirement,  •  work  in  defence  of  uni- 
barlanism  and  an  autobiography  (first  published  in  com- 
plete form,  1809).  As  chancellor  ox  Oambriilgc  University 
be  appointed  the  poet  Gray  professor  of  modem  history. 

FITZSOT,  CHARLES,  first  DuKB  OF  Southampton 
and  Olrvklaxd  (166S-17S0X  natural  son  of  Charles  II  by 
Barbara  Villiers  [q.  v.]  ;  created  Baron  of  Newbury,  Karl 
of  Chichester,  and  Duke  of  Southampton,  1675 ;  became 
Duke  of  Cleveland  on  death  of  his  mother,  1709. 

[xix.  201] 

FITZSOT,  CHARLES,  first  Baron  Southampton 
(1737-1797):  as  Colonel  Pitzroy  served  under  Ferdinand 
of  Brunswick  in  the  seven  years'  war,  and  was  his  aide- 
de-camp  at  Minden,  1759  ;  created  peer,  1780.  [xix.  SOI] 

FITZEOY,  Lord  CHARLES  (1764-1829),  general; 
second  son  of  Augustus  Henry  Fitzroy,  third  duke  of 
Grafton  [q.  v.] :  M.A.  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  1784  ; 
served  in  Flanders,  1798-4 ;  aide-de-camp  to  George  III, 
1795  ;  M.P.,  Bury  St.  Edmunds,  1784-90  and  1803-18. 

[xix.  203] 

FITZROT,  Sir  CHARLES  AUGUSTUS  (1796-1868), 
colonial  governor;  son  of  Lord  Charles  Pitzroy  [q.  v.] ; 
present  at  Waterloo  as  a  member  of  Sir  Hussey  Vivian's 
staff,  1815;  M.P.,  Bury,  1831;  lieutenant-governor  of 
Prince  Edward  island,  1837 ;  governor  of  the  Leewanl 
islands,  1841 ;  as  governor  of  New  South  Wales  (1846-50), 
resisted  the  importation  of  convicts ;  governor-general  of 
Australia,  1850-5.  [xix.  303] 

FITZROY,  GEORGE,  Duke  op  Northumberland 
(1665-1716),  youngest  son  of  Charles  n  by  Barbara  Vil- 
liers ;  created  Baron  of  Pontefract,  1674,  and  Viscount 
Falmouth  and  Earl  of  Northampton,  1674 ;  created  duke 
of  Northumberland  on  his  return  from  Venice,  1683 ; 
lieutenant-general,  1710;  privy  oounolllor,  1713. 

[xix.  208] 

FITZROT.  GEORGE  HENRY,  fourth  Dukr  op 
Grafton  (1760-1844X  eldest  son  of  Augustus  Henry 
Piteroy,  third  duke  [q.  v.] ;  M.A.  Trinity  College,  Cam- 
bridge, 1799 ;  as  Lord  Euston  was  retamed  with  Pitt  for 
Cambridge  University  in  1784,  and  represented  it  till 
1811 ;  after  the  revolution  became  a  whig.       [xLx.  203] 

FITZROT,  HENRY,  Duke  op  Richmond  (1619- 
1636),  natural  son  of  Henry  VIII  by  Elizabeth  Blount 
(afterwards  Talboys) ;  suspected  to  have  been  poisoned  by 
Anne  Boleyn  and  her  brother.  [xix.  2U4] 

FIT2ntOT,  HENRY,  first  Dukr  op  Grapton  (1663- 
1690),  second  son  of  Charles  II  by  Barbara  Villiers; 
married  whilst  a  child  to  a  daughter  of  Henry  Bennet, 
earl  of  Arlington;  created  Earl  of  Euston,  1673,  and 
duke  of  Grafton,  1675 ;  distinguished  himself  ax  a  onilor 
in  command  of  the  Grafton  at  battle  of  Beachy  Head 
(1690),  and  saw  service  as  a  soldier  with  the  French  in 
Flanders,  1684,  and  at  Sedgemoor,  1685 ;  professed  loyalty 
to  James  II,  1688,  but  soon  deserted  him  for  William  III ; 
mortally  wounded  while  in  command  at  the  siege  of  Cork. 

[xix.  305] 

FITZROT,  HENRY  (1807-1859).  statesman ;  educated 
at  Magdalen  (jollege,  Oxford  :  M.A.  Trinity  College,  Cam- 
bridge, 1838 ;  M.P.,  Grimsby,  1831-S,and  Lewes,  1837-59 ; 
a  lord  of  the  admiralty,  1845 ;  undor-seoretary  for  home 
department,  1853-6  ;  chairman  of  committees,  1855  ;  chief 
commissioner  of  works,  1859.  [xix.  306] 

FITZROT,   JAMBS,  otherwise  Cropts,   afterwards 

SOOTT,  DUKB  OF  MONMOUTU  and  BUCCLEUCH,   1649-1486. 

[See  ScoTT.] 

FITZROT,  MARY,  DucHKsa  op  Richmond  (rf.  1557), 
daughter  of  Thomas  Howard,  third  duke  of  Norfolk 
[q.  v.] ;  married  to  Henry  Fitzroy,  duke  of  Richmond, 
[q.  v.],  1533,  but  never  lived  with  him ;  gave  evidence  in- 
culpatiuflT  her  brother,  the  Earl  of  Surrey,  on  charge  of 
treason,  1540.  [xix.  306] 

FITZROT,  ROBERT  (1805-1865),  vice-admiral,  hydro- 
grapher,  and  meteorologist ;  son  of  Lord  Cliarles  Pitzroy 
[q.  v.]  ;  in  command  of  the  Beagle,  conducted  survey  of 
Patagonia  and  the  Straits  of  Magellan  (1838-36),  haviug 
Darwin  as  naturalist  for  the  last  five  years :  wrote  with 
Darwin  a  narrative  of  the  voyage,  1839  ;  elected  M.P.  for 
Durham,  1841 ;  governor  of  New  Zealand,  1843-6 ;  F.R.S., 
1851 ;  chief  of  meteorological  department,  1864  :  suggested 
plan  of  Fitzroy  barometer  and  instituted  a  system  of 
storm- warnings,  the  first  weather  forecasts ;  published 
meteorological  works.  [xix.  807] 


FITZSHKON,  HENRY  (1666-1643),  Jesuit;  of  Hart 
Hall,  Oxford ;  at  first  a  zealous  protestant,  but  oonTcrtol 
to  Roman  Catholicism  by  Thomas  Darbyshire  [q.  r.]; 
admitted  to  Society  of  Jesus,  1593  ;  afterwards  hdd  cluir 
of  philosophy  at  Douay ;  carried  on  a  mission  at  DaUin, 
for  which  he  was  arrested  (1599)  and  imprisoned  in 
years,  disputing  while  in  prleion  with  Ussber  and  oQmt: 
after  some  time  in  Spain,  Flanders,  and  Rome  was  snnj 
chaplain  in  Bohemia,  1630,  writing  a  history  of  the  oam- 
paign ;  returned  to  Lreland,  1630,  and  was  involved  in  the 
rebellion  of  1641 ;  published  theological  wiMrks. 

[xix.  2M] 

FITZSniOKS  or  FITZSTHOKD,  WALTER  (i. 
1511),  archbishop  of  Dublin,  1484;  the  first  cousecratel 
in  St.  Patrick's ;  espoused  cause  of  Lambert  Simnd,  14^. 
but  was  pardoned ;  appointed  lord  deputy  of  Irduvl, 
1493  and  1503,  and  lord  ohancellur,  1496, 1501,  and  1W9-1L 

[xix.  310] 

FITZSTEPHEN,  ROBERT  (d.  1183  ?X  ^'orman  ooi- 
queror  of  Ireland ;  as  constable  of  Cardigan  (AbertdTi) 
carried  on  war  with  the  Welsh,  and  was  three  years  their 
prisoner;  accompanied  his  half-brother  Maurice  Pita- 
gerald  (<i.  1176)  [q.v.]  to  Ireland,  1169;  took  Wexford 
and  invaded  Ossory ;  surrendered  at  CTarrig,  1171,  bat 
was  given  up  to  Henry  II  on  his  arrival ;  with  MUe> 
Cogan  received  from  him  kingdom  of  Cork,  1177,  where 
he  was  besieged,  1183-3.  [xix.  811] 

FITZSTSPHEN,  WILLIAM  (d.  1190  ?X  biographer 
of  Becket ;  dissuaded  Becket  at  the  council  of  Nortluunp- 
ton,  1164,  from  excommunicating  his  enemies  if  they  laid 
hands  on  him;  present  at  his  murder.  His  'Vita 
Saucti  Thomae*  (first  printed,  1733)  contains  an  aoooonc 
of  London  in  the  twelfth  century.  [xix.  313] 

FITZTHSOMAR,  ARNOLD  (1901-1374  ?X  aklemno 
of  London ;  of  Oermau  parentage  ;  as  *  alderman  of  tin 
Oermans*  took  the  royalist  side  in  the  tuurons*  war ;  pro- 
bably the  author  of  '  Chronica  Majorum  et  Yioeoraxitaffl 
Ix>ndoniarum '  (edited,  1846).  [xix.  313] 

FITZTH0MA8,  JOHN.  fin«t  Earl  op  Kiloarb  sai 
sixth  Baron  op  Offaly  (//.  1316),  grandson  of  Maoricc 
Fitzgerald  II  [q.  v.] ;  took  part  in  the  expedition  of  U88 
against  the  Irish  of  Offaly  and  Leix ;  accused  of  tresMO 
by  justiciar  Do  Vesci  in  connection  with  the  Connaoglit 
succession,  1394;  his  Sligo  and  Connaoght  estates  for- 
feited after  his  capture  of  Richard  de  Burgh,  earl  of  Ulatcr 
(1394-5);  afterwards  served  Edward  I  and  his  sod  io 
Scotland  ;  his  territory  in  Kildare  constantly  disturbed  bj 
the  Irish ;  allied  hims<>If  by  marriage  with  the  De  Borgrfas, 
1313;  created  Earl  of  Kildare,  1316,  after  having  bsdtiii 
territories  invaded  by  Edward  Bruce.  [xix.  314] 

FITZTHOMAS  or  FITZGERALD,  MAURICE,  first 
Earl  of  Desmond  (d.  1366),  justiciar  of  Ireland ;  kinsman 
and  ward  of  John  Fitzthomas,  first  earl  of  KUdare  [q.  ▼•] '. 
married  Catherine  de  Burgh  (1313) ;  created  Earl  of  D«' 
mond  with  grant  of  palatine  county  of  Kerry,  1389;  im- 
prisoned by  the  justiciar  and  viceroy,  who  had  Intervened 
in  his  feud  with  the  Earl  of  Ulster ;  took  lead  in  reristanoe 
of  Anglo-Irish  to  the  English  policy  of  viceroys,  I341-( ; 
imprisoned,  but  eventually  liberated  and  received  backliis 
forfeited  estates,  and  governed  Ireland  as  vicercqri  1855-& 

[xix.  317] 

FITZTTRSS,  REGINALD  (Jl.  1170),  one  of  the  mur- 
derers of  Becket ;  had  been  one  of  his  tenants  when  ctiaD- 
cellor.  According  to  Hoveden,  he  died  while  d<rfngpeDso<^ 
in  a  religious  hon^e  near  Jerusalem,  but  by  aoottier 
account  he  went  to  Ireland  and  there  founded  the  family 
of  McMahon.  [xii.  J18] 

FITZWALTER,  ninth  Barok  (1453  7-1496).  [S<« 
Radclipfr  or  Ratclipfk,  John.] 

FITZWALTER,  JOHN  (d.  1412  ?).    [See  Walter.] 

FITZWALTER,  ROBERT  (d.  1336),  baronial  leader: 
lord  of  Dunmow  and  Baynara's  Castle,  was  grandson 
through  his  mother  of  Richard  de  Lucy  [q.  v.]  :  exiled 6>' 
conspiracy  against  John,  1313 ;  fied  to  Prance ;  retornpi 
after  the  king's  submission  to  the  pope,  and  received  back 
his  estate^i;  led  barons'  army.  1315,  when  London  ^ 
seized  and  the  Great  Charter  extorted ;  excommunicated, 
as  one  of  the  twenty-five  executors  of  the  Great  Chaitei': 
offered  the  crown  to  the  dauphin  Louis,  for  whom  ^ 
raised  tlie  siege  of  Mouutsorrcl ;  defeated  and  captured  at 
Lincoln  by  William  Marshall,  1317 ;  went  on  the  flftb 


FITZWABINE 


443 


FliAMSTSEB 


wag  present  at  the  tlege  of  DftxnietU,  1319- 

tii8  return  submitted  to  the  p>vemment  of 

A  legend  relating  to  bis  daughter  Matilda 

oeed  solicitation  and  murder  by  King  John 

subject  ct  seyerai  poems  and  plays. 

[xiz.  S19] 
JBUTEj  FULK,  the  name  of  eteTen  soooes*' 
tuiTing  property  [n  Shropshire  between  1160 
L  traditional  history  of  the  family  contained 
Qcb  manuscript  in  the  British  Museum  was 
French^  1840,  and  was  first  printed  in  Eng- 
Wright,  18W.  [xix.  2SS] 


E,   FULE  I   Of.  1156),   head   of   his 
powerful  noble.  [xix.  8S3] 


r.] 


!,  FULK  U  (d.  1197),  son  of  FnUc  Fiti- 

[xix.  3S3] 

,  FULK  ni  (rf.  1266  ?),  baron ;  op- 
John  and  was  specially  exoommnnicated ; 
oe  with  Henry  III,  but  in  1345  was  depntol 
oa  to  order  the  papal  nuncio  to  leave  the 

[xix.  328] 


!,  FULK    IV  (d.  1264),  baron  ;    was 
tie  battle  of  Lewes,  1264.  [xix.  223] 


CHARLES  WILLIAM  WENT- 
ird  Earl  Fitzwilliam  (1786-1857),  son  of 
Qtworth  Fitzwilliam,  second  earl  [q.  v.]  ; 
ooant  Milton)  for  Yorkshire,  1807-31,  and 
iptonshire,  1831-3;  K.O.,  1851;  supported 
7  reform,  and  was  one  of  the  earliest  advo- 
trade ;  edited  (1844)  Burke's  correspondence 
1  and  1797.  [xix.  224] 

LLIAH,  EDWARD  (1788-1852),  actor: 
-  Elliston  at  the  Olympic  and  Royal  Oircus 
I  under  Thomas  John  Dibdin  [q.  t.]  at  the 
;  his  best  parte,  Leporello,  Dumbiedykes, 
id  Humphry  Clinker.  [xix.  225] 

LXIAH,  EDWARD  FRANCIS  (1824-1857), 
son  of  Edward  FitzwiUiam  [q.v.];  com- 
kt  Mater  at  twenty-one :  musiod  director  at 
with  Madame  Vestris,  1847-9, and  afterwards 
larket :  composed  two  operettas  for  the  latter 
music  for  *  Green  Bushes  *  (Addphi),  and  a 
nrmed  by  Hullah,  1851,  besides  songs. 

[xix.  225] 
LLIAM,  ELLEN  (1822-1880).  actress ;  wife 
rancis  Fitzwilliam  [q.  v.] ;  played  for  twenty- 
ider  Backstone  at  the  Haymarket ;  died  at 
ew  Zealand,  after  having  acted  in  Australia. 

[xix.  226] 
[XIAM,  FANNY  ELIZABETH  (1801-1854X 
i  of  Edvrard  Fitzwilliam  [q.  ▼.] ;  played  as  a 
T,  where  her  father  (Oopeland)  was  manager ; 
the  Haymarket,  1817,  and  at  the  Olympic 
nder  Thomas  John  Dibdin  [q.  v.]  ;  at  Drury 
t;  leased  Sadler^s  Wells,  1832;  went  with 
le  Haymarket,  1837  ;  played  with  great  success 
n  *  The  Country  Oirl,'  and  after  her  return 
itained  the  height  of  her  reputation  in  *  Green 
» Flowers  of  the  Forest'  (Adelphl,  1845-7); 
returned  to  the  Haymarket.        [xix.  226] 

[XIAM,  JOHN  ((/.  1699),  non]nror:  fellow 
C<dlege,  Oxford,  1661-70 ;  university  lecturer 

1663;  chaplain  to  the  Duke  of  York  and 
cess  (afterwards  queen)  Anne  ;  subsequently 
idsor ;  refused  to  take  the  oaths  to  William 
?ft  bequests  to  the  Borileian  and  Magdalen 
iry,  Bishop  Ken  being  his  executor. 

[xix.  227] 
LLIAK,    RALPH   (1256  7-1316),   baron   of 
served    against  the    Welsh    and    Scots; 
ial  opposition  to  Edward  II ;  warden  of  the 
rches,  where  he  had  large  property. 

[xix.  238] 
LLIAM,  RICHARD,  seventh  Viacoukt  Fitz- 

Meryon  (1745-1816),  founder  of  the  Fitz- 
enm  at  (Cambridge  (begun  in  1837)  ;  M.A. 
,  Cambridge,  1764 ;  F.R.S. ;  author  of  *  The 
ticoa '  (originally  composed  in  French.) 

[xix.  229] 
LLIAM,  ROGER,  alias  Roger  de  Brei^euil, 
lEFoRD  (Jl.  1071-1075),  succeeded  to  title  and 

father,  William  Fitzoebem,  earl  of  Hereford 


[q.  ▼.]  ;  with  his  brother-in-law  Ralf ,  earl  of  Norfolk, 
conspired  against  William  I,  and  was  sentenced  to  for- 
feiture and  perpetual  imprisonment  (1075).     [xix.  229] 

FITZWILLIAM,  Sir  WILLIAM  (1460  7-1534),  sherifT 
of  London;  warden  of  Merchant  Taylors*  Company, 
1494  and  1498,  and  master,  1499 ;  obtained  a  new  charter 
for  the  company,  1502,  and  left  it  a  bequest ;  alderman  of 
Bread  Street  ward  and  sheriff  of  London,  1506 ;  refused 
to  serve,  1510;  treasurer  and  chamberlain  to  Wolsey, 
whom  he  entertained  when  disgraced ;  knighted,  1622  ; 
sheriff  of  Northampton,  1524.  [xix.  230] 

JflTZWirj.TAM,  WILLIAM, Earl  of  Southampton 
(d.  1542X  lord  high  admiral ;  wounded  in  action  off  Brest, 
1513 ;  knighted  at  Toumay,  1513,  and  created  vice-admiral 
of  England  when  treasurer  of  Wolsey's  household ;  went 
as  ambassador  to  France,  1521;  vice-admiral  under 
Surrey,  1522 ;  comptroller  of  royal  household  and  K.G., 
1536 ;  chancellor  of  Duchy  of  Lancaster,  1529 ;  lord 
privy  seal,  1633 ;  lord  high  admiral,  1536-40 ;  created 
Earl  of  Southampton,  1537  ;  servel  Henry  VIII,  both  at 
home  and  abroad,  being  his  intimate  friend  from  child- 
hood ;  died  while  in  command  of  the  van  of  Norfolk's 
expedition  against  ScoUand.  [xix.  230] 

FITZWILLIAM,  Sir  WILLIAM  (1526-1599),  lord 
deputy  of  Ireland  ;  grandson  of  Sir  William  Fitzwilliam 
[q.  v.],  the  sheriff ;  though  a  protestant,  supported 
Mary ;  vice- treasurer  in  Ireland,  1569-73 ;  assisted  Sussex 
against  Shane  O'Neill,  1561 ;  loM  justice  in  Ireland,  1571 ; 
lord  deputy,  1572-5;  reduced  Desmond  to  submission; 
re-appointed,  1688,  when  he  made  an  expedition  into  Con- 
naught  ;  pacified  Monaghan  and  suppnssed  Maguire  in 
Cavau;  left  Ireland,  1699.  He  was  governor  of  Fother- 
ingay  Castle  when  Mary  Queen  of  Soots  was  executed, 
and  was  given  by  her  a  portrait  of  her  son  Jame^. 

[xix.  232] 

FITZWILLIAM,  WILLIAM  WENTWOKTH.  second 
Earl  Fitzwilliam  (1748-1833),  statesman  ;  nephew  and 
heir  of  Charles  Wentworth  [q.  v.],  Mar^uLs  of  ICocking- 
ham ;  educated  at  Eton  and  Cambridge ;  joined  Pitt  as  one 
of  the  *  Old  Whigs,*  and  became  president  of  the  oouncU, 
1794;  went  to  Ireland  as  lord-lieutenant,  1795,  but  was 
recalled  within  three  months,  on  account  of  his  premature 
and  unauthorised  avowal  of  sympathy  with  the  demand 
for  catholic  emancipation ;  fought  duel  with  Beresford, 
whom  he  had  tried  to  dismiss  from  the  commlssionership 
of  the  customs ;  lord-lieutenant  of  the  West  Riding  of 
Yorkshire,  1798 ;  president  of  council  under  Lord  Gren- 
ville,  1806-7 ;  remained  in  opposition  for  the  rest  of  his 
life,  and  was  dismissed  from  his  lieutenancy  (1819)  for 
his  censure  of  the  Peterloo  '  massacre.'  [xix.  235] 

FLAHAULT,  Comtessbdk  (1788-1867).  [See  Elphin- 

8TOXE,  MaRQARET  MeRCRR.] 

FLAKEFIELD,  WILLIAM  i/t.  1700),  first  weaver  of 
checked  linen  in  Great  Britain  ;  served  in  the  army  till 
1700,  when  he  b^ran  to  make  check  handkerchiefs  at 
Glasgow,  of  which,  at  his  death,  lie  was  town  drummer. 

[xix.  237] 

FLAMBABD,  RANNULF  (d.  1128),  bishop  of  Dnr- 
ham  and  chief  minister  of  William  II ;  according  to 
Florence  of  Worcester,  rose  by  buying  the  custody  of 
vacant  sees  and  other  benefices  for  ready  money  ana  an 
annual  rent ;  adviser  and  instrument  of  William  Uufus's 
extortions;  rewardal  with  bishopric  of  Durham,  1099; 
sent  to  the  Tower  by  Henry  I ;  escaped  and  fled  with  his 
mother  to  Normandy  ;  t)ecame  miubter  of  Dnke  Robert, 
but  after  Robert's  defeat  at  Tenchebrai  (1106)  was  par- 
doned and  restored  to  his  see  by  Henry  I  ;  for  three  years 
acting  bishop  of  Lisieux  ;  completed  the  nave  of  Durham 
Cath^iral,  and  renewed  the  walls  of  the  city ;  built 
Norham  Castle.  The  abuse  of  feudal  customs  (especi- 
ally *  the  relief)  probably  originated  with  him. 

[xix.  237] 

FLAMMOGK,  THOMAS  (d.  1497),  rebel :  led  a  body 
of  Comlshmen,  who  were  discontented  at  the  taxation 
levied  for  the  contemplated  Scottish  expedition,  to  Loudon; 
defeated  at  Deptford  Strand  and  hanged  at  Tyburn. 

[xix.  241] 

FLAM8TEED,  JOHN  (1646-1719).  first  astronomer 
royal ;  educated  at  the  free  school,  Derby ;  in  a  tract 
written  in  1667  explained  the  cause  of  and  gave  rules  for 
the  equation  of  time  (in  Horrocks's  *  Poiithumous  Works,* 
1673);  besran  systematic  observations  with  Towuley's 
mensnrator,  1671 ;  entered  his  name  at  ^ysaa  OcUege, 


FLA^TAGAN 


444 


FJLEETWOOD 


Cambridge,  where  he  niade  the  aoqaaintaoce  of  Newton, 
and  was  created  MJL,  1674  :  made  a  barometer  and  ther- 
mometer for  Charles  II  and  the  Dake  of  York.  1674: 
appointed  astronomer  royaU  1675;  took  orders,  1676; 
P.R.S.,  1677.  Tboagh  he  was  orerworked  and  onder- 
paid,  with  very  defectire  instrnments,  his  obsenrationa 
gave  great  help  to  Newton  in  writing  his  *Principia,* 
and  he  laid  the  basis  of  modem  astronomy  by  ascer- 
taining absolate  right  ascensions  through  simnltaneoos 
observations  of  the  son  and  a  star  near  both  equinoxes. 
In  1707  the  first  volnme  of  his  catalogue  and  observations 
of  the  stars  (containing  the  work  done  between  1676  and 
1689)  was  printed  at  the  expense  of  Prince  George  of 
Bmmark,  but  disputes  then  arose  with  Newton  and 
Halley,  who  published  in  171S,  without  Flamsteed's  con- 
sent, an  imperfect  edition  of  his  later  observations. 
Three-fourths  of  the  copies  of  this  edition  vrere  obtained 
by  him  and  destroyed;  the  authorised  work  was  com- 
pleted in  1725  by  his  assistant,  Joseph  Crosthwait. 

[xix.  341] 

FLAVAOAK,  RODERICK  (18S8-1861X  journalist: 
with  his  brother  founded  at  Sydney  a  weekly  piaper,  ^  The 
Chronicle ' ;  afterwards  edited  '  The  Empire,*  writing  in 
it  severe  criticisms  upon  colonial  treatment  of  the  abori- 
gines :  died  at  London  when  superintending  publication 
of  his  *  History  of  New  South  Wales '  (issued  1863). 

[xix.  S48] 

7LAKA0AK.  THOMAS  (1814-1865),  oompUer :  presi- 
dent of  Sedgley  Park  Roman  catb(dic  school :  afterwards 
prefect  of  studies  at  Osoott;  published  *  Manual  of 
British  and  Irish  History  *  and  '  History  of  the  (Catholic) 
Church  in  ibigUnd  to  1860  *  (1857X  with  other  works. 

[xix.  S49] 

FLANH  (d.  1056),  Irish  historian:  commonly  called 

*  Mainistrech,'  eleven  of  his  poetical  histories  are  in 
the  *  Book  of  Leinster.*  [xix.  849] 

FLANNAK,  Saint  and  Bishop  of  Killaloe  [COl-da- 
Lua]  (yf.  7th  cent.) ;  said  to  have  been  consecrated  at 
Rome  and  to  have  visited  the  Isle  of  Man ;  his  day  IStii 
December.  [xjx.  250] 

FLATKAV,  BLNATHAN  (1810-1860),  jockey ;  en- 
tered  service  of  William  Cooper,  the  trainer,  at  New- 
market, 1825,  and  from  1839  to  1859  was  one  of  the  most 
popular  jockeys  in  the  field :  his  greatest  triumph,  the 
winning  of  the  Doncaster  Cup,  1850,  when,  on  Lord 
Zetland's  Voltigeur  he  beat  the  Flying  Dutchman,  ridden 
by  Marlow ;  med  of  consumption  resulting  from  an 
accident  on  Bath  racecourse.  [SuppL  IL  217] 

FLATKAK,  THOMAS  (1637-1688),  poet  and  minia- 
ture-painter;  of  Winchester  and  New  C<4toge;  M.A. 
Cambridge,  1666  ;  published  *  Poems  and  Songs '  (1674), 
which  had  appeared  separately.  Two  miniatures  of 
himdelf  from  his  own  hand  are  preserved.       [xix.  251] 

FLATTISBXniT,  PHILIP  (yf.  1500),  oompUer :  drew 
up  the  *  Red  Book  of  the  Earls  of  KUdare,'  now  in  the 
possession  of  the  Duke  of  Leinster,  and  transcribed  a  col- 
lection of  Anglo-Irish  annals,  first  printed  Ln  Camden's 

*  Britannia.'  [xix.  252] 

FLAVEL,  JOHN  (1596-1617),  logician ;  educated  at 
Trinity  and  Wadham  colleges,  Oxford  ;  MJL.,  1617 ;  pro- 
fessor of  grammar,  1617;  his  manuscript  'Tractatos  de 
Demongtratione  Methodicus  et  Polemicus,'  edited  by 
A.  Huish,  1619.  [xix.  253] 

FLAVEL,  JOHN  (1630  7-1691),  presbyterian  divine : 
educated  at  University  Collie,  Oxford:  ejected  fr<nn 
Dartmouth,  1662 ;  continued  to  minister  there  secretly : 
published  *  Husbandry  Spiritualised,'  1669,  and  many 
other  works,  a  selection  from  which  appeared  in  1823 
(ed.  Bradley).  [xix.  253] 


.,  JOHN  (1755-1826X  sculptor  and 
draughtsman  ;  son  of  a  plasterer ;  cast  maker  in  Covent 
Gkmien ;  at  twelve  gained  tiie  first  prize  of  the  Society  of 
Arts  for  a  medal ;  studied  at  the  Royal  Academy  schools ; 
began  to  be  employed  by  the  Wedgwoods  to  design  wax 
models  for  prizes  and  medallions  in  Wedgwood  ware, 
c.  1775  ;  first  exhibited  at  the  Royal  Academy,  1770,  and 
ten  yearti  later  showed  his  design  for  the  Chatterton 
monument ;  became  acquainted  with  Blake  and  Stotbard : 
introduced  by  Romney  to  William  Hayley  [q.  v.],  who 
t)ecame  a  useful  patron ;  spent  seven  years  (1787-94)  in 
Home  and  Italy :  made  a  great  reputation  in  Italy  by  his 


drawings  (ex«uted  for  the  mother  of  the  Hares)  for  tiw 
*  Iliad '  and  *  Udyisey,'  and  for  Dante  and  .fischylua;  a- 
hibited  the  Mansfield  and  Paoli  models  for  Westminito 
Abbey,  and  the  designs  for  Sir  WilUam  Jones's  portnit 
I  statue  at  Oxford;  A.B.A.,  1797,  and  RJL,  18(iu;  his 
;  diploma  work  the  marble  relief, '  Apollo  and  Marpou'; 
first  professor  of  sculpture  at  the  Ro^  Academy,  1810 ; 
executed  the  Baring  monnment  at  Micbeldevs,  lao^U, 
model  for  the  R^olds  in  St.  Paul's,  1807,  aod  the 
pedimental  groop  at  Wobom,  1890.  In  1817  appesni 
his  outlines  to  Healod,  engraved  by  Blake,  and  next  jesr 
the  Achillee  shield,  drawings,  and  models.  Among  hit 
later  works  are  the  marble  groups  at  Petwortb,  tbe 
statues  of  Bums  and  Kemble  in  Westminster  Abbey,  and 
tiie  completion  of  the  frioes  at  Bnckin^iam  Ythet. 
Collections  of  his  drawings  are  at  South  Kensington,  the 
British  Museum,  University  College,  London, and  atCam- 
bridge.  [xix.  2M] 


r,  MART  ANN  0768-1833),  artist;  hsU- 
sister  of  John  Flaxman  (1 755-1896)  [q.  v.] ;  published  ili: 
designs  for  Haj^ey's  *  Triumphs  of  Temper,'  1803  (engnved 
by  Blake);  and  exhibited  drawings  at  the  Royal  Aos- 
demy,  1786-1819.  [xix.  259] 

FLAZXAK,  WILLIAM  (1753 7-1796 ?)  artist;  ex- 
hibited at  the  Academy  a  wax  portrait  of  his  brotbe, 
John  Flaxman  (1755-1826)  [q.  v.],  1781 ;  a  good  wood- 
carver,  [xix,  259] 

FLSOOnnS,  GERBARUS  (>r.  154e-1554).  [See 
Flicciub.] 

FLEOEVOX,  RICHARD  (</.  1678 ?X  poet;  said  to 
have  been  an  Irish  priest ;  printed  privat^  aevcnl  poem 
and  prose  works,  including 'A  Relation  of  Ten  Yesn* 
Travels  in  Europe,  Asia,  Afhiqoe,  and  America,*  IM; 
satirised  by  Dryden  in  '  Mao  Fleeknoe,*  1682. 

[xix.  280] 

FIBET,  Sir  JOHN  (d.  in2),  governor  of  the  But 
India  Company,  1695  ;  amalgamated  Old  with  New  Esst 
India  Company,  1702;  sheriff  of  London,  1688;  lord 
mayor,  1692 ;  M.P.  for  the  oily,  1693-1705.       [xix.  261] 

FLEETWOOD,  CHARLES  (d.  1692X  parliamentarian 
soldier:   admitted  at  Qray's  Inn,  1688;   one  of  Bant 
bodygnard,  1642;    wounded  at  first  battle  of  Nevtmry 
when  captain,  1643 ;  appointed  receiver  of  the  crart  of 
wards  forfeited  by  his  royalist  brother.  Sir  Williun,  1644: 
commanded  r^ment  of   horse  in  the   new  model  st 
Naseby,  1645;   M.P.,  Marlborough,  1646;  took  lesdiog 
part  in  quarrel  between  army  and  parliament,  1647,  on 
side  of  former;  joint-governor  of  Isle  of  Wight,  164»; 
lioateuant-general  of  horse  at  Dnnbar,  1650;  member  «f 
the  third  council  of  state  (1651)  and  commando-  o(  the 
forces  in  England  before  Worcester,  where  he  did  good 
service:   married  as  his  second  vdfe  Cromwell's  eUM 
daughter  (Bridget),  the  widow  of  Ireton,  1652 ;  nsiiMd 
commander-in-chief  in  Ireland,  where  in  1664-7  he  wat 
also  lord-deputy ;  after  the  first  year  came  to  BoglsBd 
and  only  nominally  filled  the  office ;  recalled  oo  aoooont  of 
his  partiality  to  the  anabaptists ;  one  of  the  Protectory 
council,  1664  ;  major-general  of  the  eastern  diitzict,  1685 ; 
a  member  of  Cromwell's  House  of  Lords,  1666 ;  nomiasl 
supporter    of  Richard   Cromwell;    headed    the  army's 
opposition  to  the  parliament ;  oommander-in-chtef,  1659 : 
failed  to  main  terms  with  Oeneral  Monok :  and  at  the 
Restoration  was  incapacitated  for  life  from  holding  oflloe. 
[xix.  261] 

FLEETWOOD,  GEORGE  (A  1660  ?X  r^cide:  MJ>. 
for  Buckinghamshire  in  the  Long  parliament,  1640 ;  one 
of  the  commissioners  for  trial  of  Charles  I,  164^-9; 
member  of  last  Commonwealth  council  of  state  and  MJP. 
for  Buckinghamshire,  1653;  for  Buckingham,  1654: 
member  of  Cromwdl's  Hoose  of  Lords,  1657;  joiofld, 
Monck,  1660,  and  though  condemned  to  death  at  the?? 
Restoration,  was  never  executed.  [xix.  265] 

FLEETWOOD,  GEORGE  (1606-1667X  general  in  th^ 
Swedish  service  and  baron  ;  brotjier  of  Charles  Fleetwooc:^ 
[q.  v.]  ;  served  under  Gustavos  Adolphns  in  the  thirt^^ 
years'  war;  created  baron  by  Queen  Ohristtna,  1654  « 
envoy  extraordinary  to  England,  1666 ;  member  of  SwedtstSi 
council  of  war,  1666 ;  died  in  Sweden,  where  be  left  df 
soendante.  [xix.  266] 

FLEETWOOD.  JAMES  (1603-1683),  bishop  of  Wor- 
cester ;  brother  of  George  Fleetwood  ( JC.  1660  7)  [q.  vj; 
educated  at  Eton  and  King's  College,  Oambridge:  pi«- 


FLEETWOOD 


[.1..  WJ] 

WOOO,     THOUAS   (tHl-1717),  dimlur    of 
t.  l^Bcubin.    T%F  WQCk  iKgu  In  1*H  wh 


I  Outle,  1h;  ;  ■ocmnpuM  Bot^ 
w^luntaud  of  ]bnrQa«o<SsaU.lDliUa%ht  to  tba 
noTlli  of  EMUuid,  IHT;  joined  tbe  qmen'i  lordu,  wm 
pracDt  wUh  UATjrit  UagMde(tK8).>ndHniiipuitid 
W  to  bwUod  1  istwTlsind  BUubEtb  so  ber  bctulf  In 
London :  nprnsaited  ba  at  York :  beld  J)iuob«ntin  for 
two  jmn  t  cKspad  to  Fnnot  uid  oondiwled  u  auno- 
omlDl  anditlon  In  aid  of  Mu7 ;  HcidoitnU;  klUed  by 
Pimeb  kUIoi  m  BUnbnrvb.  [ili.  ST?] 


[ilx.  ri] 
I,  ABR4HAH(1WI?-I«)rx  anttqmirj  ana 
MerbooK.  GunbrUge.  1189;    cbapUIn  lo 
r  NotUngbani  ud  reotor  of  St.  l^r**"  ° 

w  proH  worki,  iuclodiug 


ALBXANDBR  (IBM-lSTt),  raedlisl 
inbOTKh.  IMl.  Hll  'Ptl]11olo«lFsl  toi 
Un  of  Aconltum  NopeUm  (IMS)  lai  lo 


FLWmiO,  PATKIC 

;S  (IW9-1831), 

Fin 

^stodlsd 

MDDuaT.Louwin.. 

Ibe  coUseof 

ConaptJon,  Pngm;  tUIal  >>!  pa 

BU    life   of    Bt.    OolunlHil   wu 

pubtUhed 

by  TlioD 

Oljhfirrbi  at  Lou  Talc,  lH 

[xii;.  Ml 

TLSxma,  mcHAKD  (-*.  i 

i>h0[ 

1  of  Lino 

College 

O.fon 

1:  ol 

Oollsgc ;  Iniilor  pnctoc. 
Arondel  (or   WycUHtt 


t.  [ill.  tTJ]         repin 


■O.    CHniSTOPHBB    (IBOO-lSaOX   "-• 

0,1831.  and  U.S..  I8JB;  pnaldeut,  Oollegv  ol 
Ireland).  ISH.  [il>.  >Ti] 

»0,  SIR  DANIBL  (16»-1TDI).  antlqnary  :  of 
UF^Oitmd.aod  Oray'glan:  sberlR  of  Onm- 
ao  ;  knlghloi,  laei ;  M.P.,  Oookermqalh.  168(1- 


fii».  370 
B  OBOROB  (1UT-1J17),  U^op  of  Oar- 
Str  Daniil  hrBilng  [<].  i.l ;  sucoeedoi 
.  17M :  K^.  SC  Edmiiad'i  Hall.  Oxfoid, 
Snaib.  bishop  at  Oarlltle, 

•■■' ""%daui.l7!T, 

[.I..  JTa] 
is  Fun«iK0Jift»4?- 
isMHai 


K  these 


ouflnned  bj  the  king  ; 

■:.      [.i..)gS] 


PLBMniO.  BOBEKT  (rf.  1481).  [See  Fleuhixo.] 
TLExntO.  BOBBRT.tbe  elder  (1«S0-1«M),  Soottiib 
Urine ;  ajected  from  Oamboilang,  l^uarkeblre,  l«ti 
Tent  to  Rotieidani,  1677 :  died  in  London :  pnbllabed. 
LUiDug  otber  worb.  'The  FuIAIUdk  of  the  Scrlptare,'  n- 
sailed.  IMl  (ahHdgment  still  currvnt).  [lU.  184] 

FLUmro,    ROBBBT,    the    yoongflr    <leM?-i;iS>, 


mo,  JAXBB.  hnitb 


Indiide  'Obrlatcloey,'  irot-B.  and  '  ApocalypUc*!  Eey,' 
irul  (reprinted,  IHV).  lt\t.  381] 

TLZKDia,  SiH  THOKAS (lU4-iei9).  indge:  ailed 


FLEXUra,  TSOUAS  (letl-ISM).  Rooub  mlhoUc 
trv^blilEiliQp  dT  DubllD ;  profvsor  of  tbeoki^  Kt  Lcnivaip ; 
ircbbiftbtip,  ]AS£;  wlEh  Hi'i:hbLeluip  of  Toaui  H^trced  to 
Lmt  wltJi  OrraaJhle.  LNir,  and  tix  yvara  Ub^r  aigaed  de- 
cUniSun  of  obllviOQ.  but  BlaHnmnblcated  Onndtide  when 
UMdwExntkm  DlDbLivloDwu  repodintficl  by  IJ}jju'tv  Ion 
tfag  sdrice  dt  Ormonde.  [ill,  988] 

E&(l«»t-1T11X    [SaCLEXlXQ.] 

lo,  Riai]AiU>(d.  lUI).  t3«  Fuwisa.] 
TXBKMIirO,  HOBBKT  (d.  1483),  dam  ot  Lincoln 
(1»I)  sod  bawractoc  or  UnoDiD  OoUi^  Oitoid,  fouodtd 
b;  bli  aarlr,  llldiud  Floaiug  [q.  •.]  :  U«]  ohleDy  tn 
ILAlVi  whan  ht  vrat«  Idtin  ihmou  ;  prDtbonoUry  to 
Pope  SUUu  IV.  [it>.  M(j] 

FLSVnO,  M/lLOOLH  (d.  IIM).  pbyalologlBt ; 
pupil  of  BocrUuie  nod  Uoan:  pTBCIJtal  u  a  SDi^eon 
b  Hull  Mill  LiuMlnnblre ;  M.D. ;  langbt  pliysiotog^  la 
London,  and  pnblisbul  '  InValLicUim  to  Fti/alolug)' ' 
<milJiU)d'Nenrop4thta,'17«l  -■'•■—•'• -■- 


rLEtA,ru 


(It>.t89] 


■dl-Ungbl;  pablUlud  'TheUniTsul^fluum'  (WhLU- 
buita.  17(3),  and '  Tbe  UnivoEal  Uauunr  uid  Uechaok ' 

(ire!).  [lU.  3W)] 

ILETOHBB,    ALBXAN'DBR    (1787.1Ma).    proby- 


bn,^ 

^.hi.  «rn™. 

W. 

iu™ 

ind    hU  -i-amlU 
[tlx.  USD 

jodee;  ordinary  lord  ot  wsilun,  lS93-fi 
mluloni  to  nsTtse  bom   and  laws  of 

PWBUCi.HM), 

Sootliud,   1MB: 
rf«r»hln%  6  IMa, 

icluquai 


A»DREW(lMl-ini),! 


.  .:;  Biedbi 
[ilx.  mj 
Mi-irii),  I 

(FinoliB  of  Baltonn) ;  <on  of  Sir  BDlMirt  Fictcbv  of  Sal- 
tou,  Han  LocMan ;  ai  a  "~"—i-'<"~'  In  tb«  SDObi  oon- 

mUwi  s(  uEiitei  nppgaail  pollcf  ot  Laodeidale  and  Jama. 

-—  —  "— ■-    ■ ■^aer  of  Uaiunaalh  both  In 

uupaniod  UonmoiiUk'i 


jKditian  to  Rngland,  bi 


hE  Turfff  I 


DtolapilTala 


Jolnol  Winiam  of  Onngn  at 

LUD   uaKiic   iinti,  •iiii  iviuiiiBl  lO  BsMUBdl  bi)  atalSB 

mtaml ;  agnlD  joiiuil  oppoaltfan  to  BncUib  nile.  wblob 
ouluidiaUd  lu  tbe  Act  ot  SecnritJ,  ITUi  a  rlolmt 
oppooeDt  qF  tbe  Union ;  for  a  iiboTfi  time  imprlaoned  In 
Loiidaa(17DB)  for  mppoaid  oompUcIty  in  Uiaatlanpted 
Vnaob  iavanni ;  IntndooBd  tram  SnUaDd  an  iDipruTBd 

1, ^i-ii.,.: — .  J , — J  B,mtii°Jid 

Ti^nuca,  atiw  fl'" """" 

, la  Dolltlcaldlala 

Hli  library  &t  Salum  Is  iti 


[q,  ..li" 


IMJUliW.  UiUli 


iBTk.  1716-48;  1 


.TOS  (IBDJ-lJlifl). 
leloher  ofBaltsLin 
I ;  Ion]  jiutiduy. 


i;t«:  pnsid«l 

[q.  I.],  173*.  liil.jraij 

PLETCHEB,  ARCHIBALD  (lJifr-18S8),  retorawr; 
c&Ufld  to  (^  ScbtTJsb  bar,  1790 :  (w  ^ntoltooa  oouc^ 
for  Joflepii  tieirald  aadobbqr'triendeof  Uw  people,' 179K; 
?"_..        '^"on."     ?,      ""B       SoolUf^^buijlu, 

1-1839),    arcbllect ; 

ll.P^  lor  nortiJ.woit'vrjluiii™, 


DQ  tbe  •ableoc 
BiSBTBR   (IB 


TI^TOWER 


Usbij  wotbi  oa  arcbileotore  and  Bunreying.' 

[Sippl-  tl.  It) 

nETOHZH,  BLlZ4<lJ7u-ieM),  >Hle  Daw™ :  >ll>i< 
Archibald  FleUher  [ci.  i.l.wbom  ibe  muTM  ITII^kft 
■  Auloblognpby '  (priTau^  printid,  1874),  pabUfliid,ltn. 

FLETOSIK,  aBOBUB  (1IM-I8U),  irpaHd  in- 
loniiiiui ;  piaoulal  to  have  been  bom  In  1717. 

rlEXOBBB.  aiLES,  tbe  elder  ClM»I-Hll),aTalim 
ambaatador.  and  poet;  ol  Eton  and  King^  CoUq^ Ckm- 


'LLoU,  OT  Poenjefl  oj 


fiAibAAK,  uii'i^.bDe  sou 
•Danger  »n  of  Oils  Fletcher 
T^^nl^y  CoUeBe.  Oambridgt,  ISM 
wtz.  lait,  and laiigiHge.  leiB:  K 
Hh  ■  CbrtBl'i  Vlclorieand  Triura 
(1610)  tan  bKe  Mteral  tiaa  rep: 


r  of  AldstiiB.  SolBlt. 
n  Heann  aodEar;!!' 


f   |^.    i:iO-i;w).    Hniam; 


ilie  East  TodUboud 

ndo  Foi'b  ludi^  Bill,  1189.  [ili.  3ai] 

JOHN  (Illa-IUS),  diunalBt ;  yoeni 
FlAcber  [q.  T-] ;  became  uLimaUi  wi 
ul  about  Ittl.  and  betxeen  UiaC  di 


eluding  'The  Scornful  Lady'  (publiebed.  IBIG),  'Vn 
Mald'i  TraacdJ.- ItlV,  ■  FUlaalxT.' ItM,  and  '  A  KIw  ol 
no  King' (Uoenial,  LSll,  printed,  IGISJ.  He  iJh  enU 
wllb  HaBlngB-  ■  Tht  Honat  MaD*!  Fortane '  (perfmai. 
181S),  "nieKaigbli  of  Ualta'  (pnduaed,  l«l»),-T1ilETt; 
and  Theodoiet'  (poblkbed,  1S91J,  wd  many  olhen.  Bi 
bivl  bdn  fntn  Sbakaveue  In  'Klne  Benry  7111' (coo- 

EtTni/l, and perhapa Id  ■Tbe  two  Koble  KUhib' 
UdMd,  ICUL    From  hi!  own  pen  a' 
itul  Sbepbodau'  (I6M>  and  Bfteen 


hlEUul  Sbnbadau'  (I6M>  an 
ol  wtdohantlH  ounedleB  '  Wome 


^blSM),  "ThePllgnni'lPl-yol.  IflSl, 
■le  Obaie'  (plnycii.  1G31),  and  'Uonil 
n  publiibed,  leiO). 


Uitaed  psnbumouity,  1849. 
FI.STORZX,    JOHN    (c 


irobablijm' 

[iii.»Il 

pbJ>iolec  mJ 

of  PlijJoliiW' 

Palbolo!)','  fi^ 

[III.  SUI 


Bopl.,- 18311.  [H".  SW 

rLETOHKEorDELArLEOHEEE,JOHSWILUJ!l 
(If^J-lIM),  vicar  of  Miidslej  ;  bom  ut  Njon  in  S"lu«- 
land;  edlealal  at  Oeueva  ;  came  m  Englaud  aflff  ICW* 

and  prifll,  i;fi7;  Intlinalii  with  thi  Ve^len;  KBP^ 
tbe  living  or  lUadel^  (1710),  a  nuwh  parbh.  vim  >■ 
spent  the  real  oTbii  lite;  aaperintoidait  ot  L^  nm<- 
lugdoa'a  Oolhge  at  Trenoc*  (17tS-7l),  bat  nalgivd  « 

.  .J  1.1.  . — .,.1 r — ^  wbiob  be  detaidei  "' 

71:  puUiaUal  iheotajii* 
-■»...  [rii-  lUi 

FLEtCBZS.  JOSEPH  (118!  ?-16J7),  reli^ooi  |W«; 
lege,  Oxford ;  l(.A..  1eu8 :  nclorol  WUbj.SaSoUb  1«»- 


1' (1030-9),  and,  Mrbape,  of  '( 
:l),  botb  reprlnlBl  b;  aro«rt. 


FLETCHER 


447 


FLOOD 


JOSEPH,  the  elder  (1784-1843X  tbeo- 
ter :  M.A.  Qlasgow,  lb07 ;  oougregational 
Blackburn,  1807-23,  and  afterwards  at 
J).  Olasgow,  1830 :  author  of  leotures  on  the 
and  Institutioud  of  the  Roman  Catholic  Ke- 
,  Mod  other  works.  [zlx.  316] 


JOSEPH  (1813-1858),  statbtician  :  in- 

schools,    1844:    editor   of   the    *  Statistical 

Nibliahed  'Summary  of  the  Moral  Statistics 

umI  Wales/  1850,  awi  several  treatises  on  eiln- 

[xiz.  315] 


JOSEPH,  the  younger  (1816-1870),  con- 
minister  :  sou  of  Joseph  Fletcher  (1784-1843) 
!ie  life  he  wrote  ;  published  also  a  *  History  of 
yy:  1847-0.  [xix.  315] 

Mrs.  MARIA  JANE  (1800-1833).     [See 


I 


I,  PHINEAS  (1582-1650X  poet  ;  elder  son 
iicher  the  elder  [q.  v.] :  of  Eton  and  King's 
mtnidgc:  M. A.,  1608;  B J). ;  fellow,  1611; 
[ilgay.  Norfolk,  1621-50 ;  published,  in  imita- 
*  Faoy  Queeue,*  hia  'Purple  Island,  or  the  Isle 
13,  and  other  poems,  EngUsh  and  Latin. 

[xix.  816] 
OS,  RICHARD  id.  1596),  bishop  of  London ; 
ty  College,  Cambridge,  1566;  D.D.,  1581; 
'orpas  Christi  College,  Cambridge,  1569  ;  pre- 
Bt.  Paul's,  1572 ;  chaplain  to  Queen  Elizabeth, 
of  Peterborough,  15^ :  chaplain  at  execution 
een  of  Soots,  having  previously  drawn  up  an 
her  examination  at  Fotheringay;  bishop  of 
9,  of  Worcester,  1593,  and  London,  1594.  He 
leen's  favour  for  his  share  in  the  Lambeth 
d  was  suspended  by  her  on  account  of  his 
-riage.  [xix.  317] 


Sir  RICHARD  (1768-1813),  lieutenaut- 
ral  engineers :  wouuded  in  St.  Lucia ;  served 
arks,  1799-1800,  helping  to  construct  defences 
\h  and  Jaffa;  captured  by  the  French  after 
ng  Abookir  Bay;  released,  1802;  joined 
1  expedition,  1807  ;  acted  as  engineer  on  Wel- 
*ff  in  Portugal,  1808;  compUmeuted  for  his 
Talavera,  1809 :  as  chief  engineer  constructed 
Tes  Vedras,  1809-10 ;  distinguished  at  Busaco, 
;ted  siege  operations  at  Badajoz  and  Ciadad 
Sll-12;  wounded  at  third  siege  of  Badajoz, 
ved  baronetcy  and  pension,  1811 ;  served  at 
d  directed  sieges  of  Pampcluna  and  San  Sebas- 
X  capture  of  San  Sebastian.  [xix.  319] 


L,  ROBERT  (Jl,  1686),  verse-writer ;  fellow 
College,  Oxford,   1563-9 ;  M.A.,  1567 ;  after- 
boolmaster  at  Taunton  ;  published  three  very 
es  of  verse.  [xix.  321] 


THOMAS  (1664-1718),  poet:  of  Win- 

l  Balliol  and  New  Colleges,  Oxford ;  M.A.,  1693  ; 

;   fellow  of   New  College,   Oxford ;  fellow  of 

•,   1711-12:    prebendary  of  Wells,   1696-1718; 

Poems  and  TransUitlous '  (1692).    [xix.  221] 

,  JOHN  (/t.  1421-1465),  prior  of  Westminster, 
atbor  of  a  Latin  chronicle  of  the  monastery  of 
Westminster,  from  the  earliest  times  to  1386. 

[xix.  322] 
lAH.  ROGER  (1708-1795),  presbyterian  mhiis- 
tar  at  Rotberhithe.  1747-83,  and  lecturer  at 
Hdens,  Bishopsgate,  1754;  D.D.  Aberdeen, 
Williams's  librarian,  1786 ;  compiled  four 
f  the  index  to  the  '  Commons  Journals  *  and 
i  bibliography  to  an  edition  of  Burnet's  '  Own 
ed  by  himself.  [xix.  322] 

COBE,  RICHARD  (1824-1860),  pautomimist ; 
hard  Flexmore  Geatter ;  imitated  the  leading 
his  day  at  several  London  theatres  amd  also  on 
•nt,  together  with  his  wife  (n^  Auriol). 

[xiz.  323] 
niB  or  FLICCUS,  GER6ARUS,  GERLACHUS, 
:US  (A  1546-1554).  portrait-painter  in  style  of 
3ach  ;  of  (rerman  origin.    He  painted  the  por- 
raniuer,  still  preserved  in  the  National  Portrait 

[xix.  323] 


FLIGHT,  BENJAMIN  (1767  ?-1847),  organ-bollder : 
with  his  son  and  Joseph  Robson  oonstmcted  tihe  apoUO' 
nioon.  [xix.  Si4] 

FLIGHT,  WALTER  (1841-1885),  mineralogist;  eda- 
cated  at  Queenwood  College  and  at  Halle,  Heidelberg, 
Berlin,  and  London,  becoming  doctor  of  sotenoe,  London 
University;  assistant  in  British  Museum,  1867;  F.R.S., 
1883 :  author  of  '  A  (Chapter  in  the  History  of  Meteorites* 
(posthumous).  [xix.  3S4] 

FUKDSLL,  THOMAS  (1767-1824),  editor  and  printer ; 
edited  the  *  Doncaster  Chttette ' ;  founded  *  Royal  (}omwaU 
Gazette,'  1803,  and  '  Western  Lominanr,'  for  a  libel  in 
which  on  Queen  Caroline  he  was  imprisoned,  1821; 
printed  worla  by  Polwhele  and  Hawker  at  the  *  Stannary 
Press,'  Helston,  and  at  Falmouth  part  of  an  edition  of 
the  bible.  [xix.  326] 

FLINDSBS,  MATTHEW  (1774-1814X  naval  captain, 
hydrographer  and  discoverer ;  assisted  George  Bass  [q.  v.] 
to  survey  the  coast  of  New  South  Wales  and  Van  Diemen*s 
Land,  1796-1800;  in  command  of  the  Investigator  and 
afterwards  of  the  Porpoise  and  Cumberland,  made  the 
first  survey  of  a  large  part  of  the  Australian  coast,  1801-8 ; 
detained  as  a  prisoner  in  Mauritius  by  the  French  for 
more  than  six  years ;  wrote  paper  for  the  Royal  Society 
during  his  detention,  drawing  attention  to  the  error  in  the 
compass  due  to  attraction  of  iron  in  ship ;  granted  post 
rank  on  reaching  England,  1810 ;  his  *  Voyage  to  Terra 
Australis  *  published  posthumously.  [xix.  826] 

FLIHTEK,  GEORGE  DAWSON  (d.  1888),  soldier  of 
fortune ;  served  in  the  7th  West  India  regiment,  1811  -16 ; 
interpreter  at  Caracas,  1816 ;  entered  Spanish  army  and 
served  on  side  of  Isabcdla  in  Carlist  war ;  in  command  at 
Toledo ;  defeated  Cterlists,  1838 ;  committed  suicide  at 
Madrid  on  removal  from  command  ;  pubUshed  an  account 
of  the  revolution  of  Caracas,  1819,  and  books  on  Porto 
Rico,  1834,  and  Spain  and  her  colonies,  1834.  [xix.  329] 

FUFTOFT,  LUKE  (d,  17S7),  composer ;  B.A.  Queens* 
College,  Cambridge,  1700 ;  minor  canon  of  Westminster ; 
his  double  chant  in  G  minor  perhaps  the  first  of  its  kind. 

[xix.  329] 

FUTOBOFT.  HENRY  (1697-1769),  architect;  called 
'BURUKOTON  EtARRT'  from  name  of  his  patron;  em- 

{)loyed  in  board  of  works,  becoming  comptroller  of  works 
n  England,  1768;  designed  churches  of  St.  Giles-in-Uie- 
Fields  and  St.  Olave's,  Southwark,  and  made  alterations 
at  Wobum  Abbey  and  Wentworth  House.       [xix.  329] 

FLOOD,  SIR  FREDERICK  (1741-1824),  Irish  poUti- 
cian;  M.A.Trinity  College,  Dublin,  1764;  LL.D.,  1778; 
caUed  to  the  Irish  bar,  1763  ;  M.P.  for  co.  Wexford,  1776  ; 
created  baronet  of  Ireland,  1780 ;  prominent  volunteer  and 
opponent  of  the  union;  M.P.  for  Wexford  in  imperial 
parliament,  1800-18.  [xix.  330] 

FLOOD,  HENRY  (1732-1791),  statesman  and  orator: 
natural  son  of  chief-justice  Warden  Flood ;  educated  at 
Trinity  College,  Dublin,  and  Christ  Church,  Oxford  ;  MJL. 
Oxford,  1752;  entered  Irish  parliament  for  Kilkenny, 
1759,  and  was  returned  for  Callan,  1760 ;  organised  and 
headed  an  opposition;  carried  rejection  of  money  bill, 
1769;  contributed  to  *  Baratariana  *  (an  attack  on  the 
viceroy) ;  supported  the  proposed  absentee  tax,  1773 ;  vioe- 
treasurer  of  Ireland,  1776 ;  elected  for  Enniskillen,  1776, 
continuing  to  hold  office  till  1781,  though  he  had  been  a 
colonel  of  volunteers ;  resumed  opposition  and  co-operated 
with  Grattan  in  obtaining  the  independence  of  the  Irish 
parliament,  1782 ;  quarrdled  with  Grattan  on  the  expe- 
diency of  continuix^  the  volunteer  movement  and  on  the 
enfranchisement  of  Roman  catholics;  opposed  com- 
mercial propositions  of  1786,  and  continued  to  bring  for- 
ward Irish  reform  bills  ;  M.P.,  Winchester,  1783,  being  at 
the  time  M.P.  for  Kilbeggan  in  the  Irish  parliament; 
returned  for  Seaford,  1784 ;  spoke  in  English  House  of 
Commons  against  oommeroial  treaty  with  France,  1787, 
and  in  1790  brought  forward  a  reform  bill  based  upon 
household  suffrage  in  counties :  mortally  wounded  James 
Agar  in  a  duel,  1769 ;  oame  near  fighting  a  duel  with 
GratUn,  1783.  [xix.  331] 

FLOOD,  ROBERT  (1674-1637).    [See  Fludd.] 

FLOOD,  VALENTINE  (d,  1847),  anatomtet;  M.A. 
Trinity  College,  Dublin,  1823;  M.D.,  1830;  lecturer  on 
anatomy  in  Richmond  Hospital  school,  Dublin,  c.  183S ; 
chief  work, '  The  Surgical  Anatomy  of  the  Arteries,  and 
Descriptive  Anatomy  of  the  Heart,*  1839.        [xix.  886] 


FliORENOE 


448 


FOG0O 


FLOBZKOE  OF  Worckstbr  (<f.  1118),  chronicler :  a 
monk  of  Worcester :  author  of  a  *  Ohronioon  ez  Obronicis,' 
baaed  upon  the  work  of  Marianas  (an  Iri»b  monk),  ex- 
tending to  1117,  which  was  continaed  by  other  hands  till 
1996  (Oambridge  MS.)  It  was  first  printed  in  1593,  and 
translated  for  Bohn  ri847)  and  for  Stevenson's  * Ohnrch 
Historians  *  (1863).    Mine  manuscripts  exist,  [xix.  835] 

FLOEIO,  JOHN  (1663  ?-lffS5),  anthor :  son  of  Michael 
Angelo  Florio  [q.  v.]  :  entered  Magdalen  College,  Oxford, 
1581 ;  patronised  by  the  Barls  of  LiBicester,  Southampton, 
and  Pembroke ;  reader  in  Italian  to  Qoeen  Anne,  1603 ; 
groom  of  the  privy  chamber,  1604.  His  great  Italian- 
Bngliab  dictionary  (1598)  was  edited  by  Tdrriano  (with 
English-Italian  added)  in  1659.  He  published  translation 
of  Montidgne's  *  Essays,'  in  three  books,  1603  (frequently 
reprinted).  [xix.  836] 

FLOEIO,  MIOHABL  ANOELO  ifi.  1560X  protestant 
refugee :  fled  from  persecution  in  the  Valteline ;  preacher 
to  Italian  protestant  congregation  in  London,  1550 ; 
taught  Italum  in  London  ;  published  in  Italian  a  cate- 
chism, and  a  biography  of  Lady  Jane  Orey,  with  trans- 
lations into  Italian  of  works  attributed  to  her. 

[xix.  336] 

FLOWEB,  BENJAMIN  (1765-1829),  political  writer  : 
after  a  visit  to  France,  in  1791,  edited  the  *  Cambridge 
Intelligencer,'  a  pro-revolution  and  radical  paper:  im- 
prisonoi  for  libel  on  Bishop  Watson,  1799;  afterwards 
published '  The  Political  Register,'  1807-11.    [xix.  S39] 

FLOWER,  EDWARD  FORDHAM  (1805-1883), 
author;  nephew  of  Benjamin  Flower  [q.  v.] :  a  brewer  at 
Stratford-on-Avon  thirty  years ;  published  several  works 
on  *  bearing  reins '  and  management  of  horses. 

[xix.  839] 

FLOWBE,  ELIZA  (1803-1846),  musical  composer; 
dder  daughter  of  Benjamin  Flower  [q.  v.]  :  published 
political  songs  and  music  to  *  Hymns  and  Anthems' 
(lMl-6)  for  SouUi  Place  Chapd,  including  settings  to 
words  of  her  sister,  Sarah  Flower  Adams  [q.  v.] 

[xix.  840] 

FLOWER,  JOHN  (>r.  1658),  puritan  divine;  B.A. 
New  Inn  HaJl,  Oxford,  1647 ;  created  M JL.  by  parlia- 
mentary visitors,  1648.  [xix.  340] 

FLOWER,  ROGER  (d.  1428 ?X  speaker;  M.P.  for 
Rutland,  1896-7, 1399, 1402, 1404,  and  1413-14  ;  four  times 
speaker,  1416, 1417, 1419,  and  1432.  The  Irish  viscounts 
of  Ashbrook  descend  from  him.  [xix.  840] 

FLO  WEE,  WILLIAM  (1498  ?-1588),  Norroy  king  of 
arms ;  Rouge  Croix,  1544 ;  Chester  herald,  1546 :  Norroy, 
1562;  published  'Visitation  of  Yorkshire,  1563-1564' 
(printed,  1881),  of  Lancashire,  1567  (printed,  1870),  and 
of  Durham,  1575  (printed,  1820).  [xix.  841] 

FLOWER,  SIR  WILLIAM  HENRY  (1831-1899), 
director  of  Natural  History  Museum,  London ;  son  of 
Edward  Fordham  Flower  [q.  v.]  ;  educated  at  University 
College,  London  ;  studied  medicine  and  surgery  at  Middle- 
sex Hospital :  M.B.  London,  1851 ;  volunteered  for  medi- 
cal service  in  Russian  war,  1854  ;  aniistant-surgecm,  Mid- 
dlesex Hospital :  curator  of  Hunterian  Museum,  Royal 
College  of  Surgeons,  1861-84,  and  Hunterian  professor  of 
comparative  anatomy  and  physiology,  1870-84  ;  president 
of  Zoological  Society,  1879  tiU  death:  F.R.S.,  1864,  and 
royal  medalUst,  1882 ;  director  of  Natural  History  Mu- 
setmi,  1884-98,  during  which  period  he  developed  very 
successfully  both  the  popular  and  scientific  sides  of  the 
museum ;  president  of  Anthropological  Institute,  1883-5  ; 

President  British  Ajeoolation  for  meeting  at  Newcastle, 
889 :  C.B.,  1887 ;  K.C.B.,  1892 :  honorary  LL.D.  Edin- 
burgh and  Dublin,  and  D.C.L.  Durham.  His  original  in- 
vestigations related  almost  exclusively  to  the  mammalia, 
including  man«  and  he  made  considerable  contributions 
to  scientific  literature.  His  works  include, '  Introduction 
to  Osteology  o(  Mammalia,'  1870,  *  Fashion  In  Deformity,' 
1881,  and  *  The  Horse,'  1890.  [Suppl.  ii.  218] 

FLOWERDEW,  EDWARD  (d.  1586),  judge;  trea- 
surer of  the  Inner  Temple,  1579  ;  counsel  to  the  dean  of 
Norwich  and  town  of  Yarmouth  :  recorder  of  Great  Yar- 
mouth, 1680 ;  third  baron  of  the  exchequer,  1584 :  died  on 
circuit,  of  gaol  fever.  [xix.  342] 

•  FL0WSE8,  FREDERICK  (1810-1886),  police  magis- 
trate ;  barrister,  Lincoln's  Inn,  1839 ;  recorder  of  Stam- 
ford, 1862  ;  magistrate  at  Bow  Street,  1864-86. 

[xix.  342] 


FL0WEE8,  GEORGE  FRENCH  0811-187S),  musical 
composer ;  brother  of  Frederick  Flowers  [q.  r.]  :  studied  in 
Germany  and  took  musical  degrees  at  Oxford :  founded 
Contrapuntists*  Society,  1843,  and  taught  vocalisatioo  on 
the  Unes  of  Yogler.  He  published  'Bssay  on  the  Coo- 
struction  of  Fugue,'  1846,  and  composed  organ  and 
:  choral  fugues.  [xix.  842] 

FLOYD,  FLOXn),  or  LLOYD,  EDWARD  (tf.  1648  ^ 
!  Roman  catholic  barrister,  who,  having  spoken  aUgbtiqir 
I  words  of  the  elector  palatine  and  his  wife,  was  tmpeadied 
and  sentenced  by  the  Commons,  1621.  The  case  wh 
afterwards  referred  to  the  Lords,  who  imposed  a  sevoer 
I  punishment.  It  was  decided  during  the  proceedings  tbst 
I  the  Lower  House  had  only  power  to  try  persms  far 
I  offences  affecting  their  corporate  privileges,    [xix.  343] 

I        FLOYD,  8m  GODFREY  or.  1667).    [See  LLOTa] 

I        FLOYD,  HENRY   (1663-1641X  Jesuit;   empkqred  in 
!  connection  with  establishments  of  Father  Parsons  in  Spidn 
and  Portugal :  professed  Jesuit,  1618 ;  missi<Hier  in  England, 
and  frequently  imprisoned.  [xix.  344] 

FLOYD,  JOHN  (rf.  1533).    [See  Lix>Tn.] 

FLOYD,  JOHN  (1672-1649),  Jesuit ;  in  religion  Dakdql 
X  JiBU ;  brother  of  Edward  Floyd  [q.  v.]  ;  joined  Jeniiti 
while  at  Rome,  1692,  where  he  was  famed  as  a  preadier 
and  teacho: ;  after  frequent  arrests  in  England  retired  io 
Louvain,  but  died  at  St.  Omer :  published,  under  inittak 
and  the  pseudonyms,  Danid  4  Jesu,  Hermannns  Timmriins, 
George  \^ite,and  Annosus  Fidells  Yerimentanus,  twentf- 
one  controversial  treatises.  [xix.  344] 

FLOYD,  Sir  JOHN  (1748-1818X  general:  cornet, 
1760 ;  served  in  Eliott's  light  hor^e  (15th  hnssaxs)  dorinir 
the  seven  years'  war,  being  riding-master  at  Uie  age  of 
fifteen ;  went  to  Madras,  1781,  in  command  of  the  nevlf 
raised  38rd  (19th)  light  dragoons ;  commanded  caTstay 
on  Coromandel  coast  and  distinguished  htmsdf  against 
Tippoo  Sultan,  1790-4 ;  major-general,  1794 :  second  ia 
command  under  Harris  during  second  war  with  Tippoo: 
distinguishing  himself  at  Malavalli ;  led  the  covering  armj 
during  the  siege  of  Seringapatam,  1799 ;  lieatauot- 
general,  1801 ;  general,  1812 :  governor  of  Graveeeod  sad 
TUbnry,  1817 ;  created  baronet,  1816.  [xix.  345] 

FLOYD,  THOMAS  (Jl.  1603),  anthor ;  BJl.  New  Dm 
Hall,  Oxford,  1593;  M.A.  Jesus  College,  Oxford,  IS96: 
published  *  The  Picture  of  a  Perfect  Commonwealth,'  1600. 

[xix.  346] 

FLOYEE,  Sir  JOHN  (1649-1734X  physician;  MJu 

Queen's  College,  Oxford,  1671;  M.D.,  1680:  prsctiMdit 

Lichfield ;  knighted,  c.  1686  ;  published  important  works 

on  bathing  and  upon  asthma ;  the  first  to  make  Rgolsr 

I  observations  upon  the  rate  of  the  pulse  (in  the  'Plija- 

\  clan's  Pulse  Watch,'  1707, 1710).  [xix.  344] 

FLTTD,  JOHN  (4. 1523).    [See  Llotd.] 

FLXTDD  or  FLTTD,  ROBERT  (1574-4637),  nwicrncisD: 
M.A.  St  John's  College,  Oxford,  1698;  MJ).  Christ 
Church,  Oxford,  1605 ;  studied  chemistry  abroad :  fosr 
times  censor  of  the  College  of  Physicians ;  practised  is 
Loudon ;  entered  into  controversy  with  Kepler  and  Q» 
sendi,  and  published  works  in  deface  of  the  rosicraciaiM. 
some  of  them  under  the  pseudonyms  Rudolf  Otr^and 
Joachim  Friadus.  [xix.  343] 

FLTTDYEE,  Sir  SAMUEL  (1706-1768),  lord  mayor  of 
London  ;  great-uncle  of  Sir  Samuel  Romilly  [q.  v.] :  with 
his  brother  Thomas  made  a  fortune  as  a  <dothier ;  aUer- 
man,  1751 ;  sheriff,  1754 ;  mayor,  1761 ;  knighted,  ITtt, 
and  created  baronet,  1769 ;  M.P.,  Chippenham,  1754-64 

[xix.  350] 

FOGG,  LAURENCE  (1633-1718X  dean  of  Cbiitcr: 
studied  at  Emmanud  and  St.  John's  Colleges,  Cambridge; 
D.D.  Cambridge,  1679 ;  held  various  livings ;  prdnndar; 
of  Chester,  1673;  dean,  1691;  published  thedogtosl 
works.  [xix.  850] 

FOOOO,  GEORGE  (1793-1869),  historical  painter; 
associated  with  his  brother  James  Foggo  [q.  v.]  in  paint- 
ing and  lithography,  also  in  foundation  of  sode^  for 
obtaining  free  access  to  museums  and  exhibitions ;  pab* 
lishcd  the  first  National  Gall6rv  catalogue,  1844,  and 
'  Adventures  of  Sir  J.  Brooke,  Rajah  of  Sarawak,'  1851 

[xix.  351] 

FOOOO,  JAMES  (1789-1860X  hlstoriaU  pidnter; 
studied  nz»dex  Regnault  in  Paris :  came  to  Londoa  and 


FOUiliAN 


449 


FOOT 


cbibited  at  the  Academy ;  painted  and  litho- 
Ith  his  brother,  1819-60,  among  their  pictures 
:  Oiriatian  Inhabitants  of  Fu-ga  preparing  to 
cm  which  they  worked  three  yean ;  with  his 
Loaged  the  Pantheon  exhibition,  1863-5. 

[xix.  851] 
IK,  Sadtt  and  Bishop  (</.  655X  brother  of 
v.],  who  placed  him  over  the  monasteiy  of 
irgh :  afterwards  followed  Forsa  abroad,  and 
by  Oertmde,  daughter  of  Pepin,  in  charge  of 
ery  at  Nlvelles ;  killed  by  robbers  in  Soignies 
led  at  PoBse.  [xix.  85S] 

RT,  GBORQE  (tf.  IMOX  master  of  Pembroke 
irtd«8,  1637-40 :  BJL.  Cambridge,  1614 ;  B.D., 
a  of  York :  DJ).  Montpellier.         [xix.  368] 

BD  or  FOITLOABD  Of.  1066),  hagiographer ; 
mme  to  England  in  the  time  of  Edward  the 
from  Flanders:  at  first  a  monk  of  Ohrist 
aaterbory;  set  over  Tbomey  Abbey  by 
c  1066;  sobseqaenUy  retamed  to  Flanders; 
A  S.  Johannis  Episoopi  Eboraoensis,*  and  lives 
«her  saints.  [xix.  363] 

9VX,  JOHN  (d.  1784?),  painter;  known  for 
ortraits  executed  in  a  day;  exhibited  at  the 
AjTtists  and  (1771-88)  at  the  Royal  Academy. 

[xix.  363] 
,  DANIEL (1816-1874),  of  humble  parentage; 
ty   0>Uege,   Dublin;    prrtiendary  of   Gashd; 
)f  Irish  at  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  1849-61 ; 
A  English-Irish  dictionary,  1865.    [xix.  358] 

;  JOHN  HENRT  (181g-1874X  sculptor; 
the  Royal  Dublin  Sodety  schools  and  those  of 
\,cademy ;  A.R.A.,  1849 ;  RJL.,  1868.  The  best 
[y  works  were  *Innocence*  (1839),  *Ino  and 
1840X  and  '  Egeria '  (1866).  Among  his  public 
dqnestrian  statues  <»  Sir  James  Outram,  Lord 
md  Lord  Hanilnge  at  Calcutta;  statues  of 
Goldsmith,  and  Burke  in  Dublin ;  one  of  Lozd 
laagow  and  of  Ollre  at  Shrewsbury ;  the  group 
d  the  figure  of  the  Prince  Consort  in  the  Albert 
Hyde  Park;  a  statue  of  John  Stuart  Mill  on 
a  Embankment  and  of  Sir  Charles  Barry  in  the 
Gonunons;  and  the  sepulchral  monument  of 
Olson  in  lisbnm  C^thedraL  [xix.  363] 

r,  PAUL  (1646  7-1699),  speaker  of  the  House 
as;  second  son  of  Thomas  FcHey  (1617-1677) 
ry  M J*,  for  Hereford  in  seven  parliaments ; 
196-^ :  ancestor  of  the  Barons  Foley  of  Kidder- 

[xix.  364] 

r.  SAMUEL  (1666-1695),  bishop  of  Down  and 
dlow  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  1679;  cban- 
3t.  Patrick's,  1689 ;  dean  of  Achonxy,  1691 ; 
)own,  1694.  [xix.  356] 

r,  THOMAS  (1617-1677),  founder  of  Old  Swin- 
tal,  Worcestershire :  son  of  an  iron  mannfac- 
r  Stourbridge,  who  introduced  the  Swedish 
lachine:  successfully  carried  on  the  business, 
sed  his  property  by  a  wealthy  marriage :  high 
Worcestershire,  1666;  represented  Bewdley  in 
ition  of  1660 ;  founded  Old  Swiuford  Hospital, 

[xix.  866] 

r,  THOMAS,  baron  (d.  1733  X  grandson  of 
9^  [Q*  ▼•]  '  M.P.,  Stafford  and  Worcester ;  one 
[ve  tory  peers  crated  in  1713.  [\ix.  356] 

r.  Sir  THOMAS  (1767-1833X  admiral :  entered 
;  took^rt  in  operations  under  Keppel,  1778, 
larles  Hardy,  1779:  preiient  at  the  action  off 
and  reUef  of  Gibraltar,  1780 :  served  in  West 
tl-5 ;  as  flag-captain  to  Qell  and  Parker  off 
r93  ;  and  at  St  Vincent,  1797 ;  while  in  com- 
!>e  Goliath  led  the  English  line  into  action  at 
798X  engaging  the  French  van  on  the  inside ; 
tain  on  the  Elephant  gave  great  assistance  to 
Copenhagen,  1801;  rear-admiral,  1808;  com- 
•cfaief  in  the  Downs,  1811 ;  vioe-admiral,  1813 ; 
S36 ;  K.C.B.,  1816 ;  Q.C3.,  1830 ;  commander- 
Portsmouth,  1830.  [xix.  366] 

r,  GILBERT  (d.  1187),  bishop  of  London; 
tg  been  prior  of  CJlugny  and  Abbeville,  became 
Umeester  ;  bishop  ot  Herefurd,  1147-63,  and  of 
16^-87 ;  opposed  election  of  Becket  to  primacy. 


1163 ;  refused  to  yield  him  obedience  as  metropolitan ; 
Henry  IPs  envoy  to  the  French  king  and  the  pope  on 
Becket's  escape;  administrator  of  (Canterbury  during 
Beoket*s  absence ;  excommunicated  by  Becket,  1167  and 
1169;  obtained  absolution  at  Rouen,  1170:  again  ex- 
communicated as  one  of  those  who  consecrated  Henry  11*8 
eldest  son ;  absolved,  1173 ;  exercised  great  influence  over 
the  king  till  his  death.  [xix.  368] 

FOLIOT,  ROBERT  (d.  1186X  bishop  of  Hereford: 
related  to  Gilbert  Foliot  [q.  v.] ;  called  '  MelundinensiB,* 
having  studied  at  Melun  or  Meaux ;  archdeacon  of  Ox- 
ford, 1161 ;  canon  of  Hereford,  1166 ;  bishop,  1174 ;  one 
of  the  English  representatives  at  the  Lateran  councdl, 
1179.    Bale  attributes  to  him  several  learned  works. 

[xix.  360] 

F0LKE8,  LUCRBTIA  (fl.  1707-1714),  actress ;  nSe 
Bradshaw ;  married  Martin  Folkes  [q.  v.],  1714. 

[xix.  363] 

F0LKS8,  MARTIN  (1690-1764),  antiquary ;  studied 
at  Saumur  University ;  M.A.  Ci&re  Hall,  Cambridge,  1717 ; 
D.O.L.  Oxford,  1746  ;  F.R.S.,  1713  :  vice-president,  1738 ; 
president,  1741-63;  member  of  the  Academic  des  Sciences, 
1743 ;  president  of  Society  of  Antiquaries,  1760-4 :  pub- 
lished '  Tables  of  English  Gold  and  Silver  Coins,'  1736  and 
1746 ;  and  helped  Theobald  in  his  notes  to  Shakespeare. 
In  1793  a  monument  to  him  was  erected  in  Westminster 
Abbey.  [xix.  361] 

FOLLETT,  Sir  WILLIAM  WEBB  (179»-1845),  at- 
torney-general ;  M.A.  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  1830 ; 
called  to  the  bar  from  Inner  Temple,  1834 ;  had  large 
election  petition  practice,  1831-3;  M.P.,  Exeter,  1886; 
K.C.,  1834 ;  solicitor-geueral  under  Peel,  1834-6,  and 
again  in  1841;  attorney-general,  1844;  defended  Lord 
Cardigan  in  the  duel  case  and  appeared  for  Norton 
against  Lord  Meltraume.  There  is  a  statue  of  him  in 
Westminster  Abbey.  [xix.  363] 

FOLLOWS,  RUTH  (1718-1809%  quakeress ;  tide 
Alcock  ;  preached  extensively  throughout  England  and 
Wales,  and  also  in  Ireland  and  Scotland.         [xix.  368] 

FONBLANQITB,  ALBANY  (1798-1873),  radical  joor- 
nalist ;  third  son  of  John  de  Grenier  Fonblanque  [q.  v.]  ; 
studied  at  Woolwich  and  read  law  with  Chitty;  early 
contributed  to  '  Times '  and  *  Morning  Chronicle ' ;  wrote 
for  the  *  Westminster  Review '  ;  loider- writer  for  the 
*  Examiner,*  1836  ;  editor  of  the  '  Examiner,'  1830-47 ;  for 
many  years  proprietor  of  the  *  Examiner ' ;  statistical 
officer  in  board  of  trade,  1847.  His  best  articles  were 
republished  in  *  England  under  Seven  Administrations* 
(1837).  [xix.  363] 

FONBLAiraiTE,  JOHN  db  GRENIER  (1760-1887), 
jurist;  educated  at  Harrow  and  Oxford:  barrister. 
Middle  Temple,  1783 :  counsel  against  the  Quebec  Bill, 
1791 ;  K.C.,  1804;  M.P.,  Camelfoid,  1803-6  ;  died  'father 
of  the  bar*;  edited  Ballow's  'Treatise  on  Equity,'  on 
which  subject  be  was  a  great  authority ;  wrote  also  two 
tracts.  [xix.  865] 

FONBLAVQUZ,  JOHN  SAMUEL  MARTIN  dk 
GRENIER  (1787-1865),  legal  writer,  eldest  son  of  John 
de  Grenier  Fonblanque  [q.  v.]  ;  educated  at  Charterhouse 
and  Cains  Ck>llege,  Cambridge ;  served  in  the  army  in 
Spain  and  Italy,  and  in  the  second  American  war; 
captured  at  New  Orleans,  1815 ;  called  to  the  bar,  1816 : 
commissioner  of  bankruptcy,  1817 ;  joint-author  of 
'  Medical  Jurisprudence '  (1833) ;  and  one  of  the  founders 
of  *  The  Jurist.'  [xix.  366] 

FOKREBEAU.  THOMAS  GEORGE  (1789-1860), 
author  and  artist ;  while  practising  as  a  lawyer  enter- 
tained artists  and  witti  at  his  chamt>er8  ,ln  the  Albany  ; 
printed  privately  •  Mems.  of  a  Tour  in  Italy,  from  Sketches 
by  T.  G.  F.'  and  '  Diary  of  a  Dutiful  Son,  by  H.  E.  0.* 
(1849),  published  in  1864.  [xix.  366] 

F0VTIBU8  (Fountains),  JOHN  dk  (d.  1336),  bishop 
of  Ely:  ninth  abbot  of  Fountahis,  1311:  bishop  of  Ely, 
1319 ;  his  skeleton  discovered  entire  in  1770 ;  witnesEod 
Magna  Charta.  [xix.  366] 

FOOT,  JESSE,  the  elder  (1744-1826),  surgeon  ;  prac- 
tised in  West  Indies  (1766-9),  at  St.  Petersburg,  and  after- 
wards in  London ;  published  lives  of  John  Hunter  (hostile), 
Arthur  Murphy,  and  A.  R.  Bowes,  besides  numerous 
medical  tracts  and  '  A  Defence  of  the  Planters  in  the  West 
Indies,*  1793.  .    .  £xix.  367] 

oe 


Toot 

FOOT.  JBasB.  tlw  joongH  {lie0-18»),  large 
nepliew  ot  J««  Foot  Oie  diter  fq,  v,]  :  to  wl 
practice  b«  iuookiIbI:  publliilied '  Ophtlalnilc  Ucmonn 
ie3»,  and  '  The  Kcdlsl  rocket-Kook  tor  ISU;  1»M. 

rOOTZ,  aiR  BDWAHD  JAUBS  (17«7-lg)3'>,  V 
nlmim :  mml«nnl  uepbew  ot  air  Honoe  lUnn  [q.  i 
enUndnaTj,  ]7I>0^  pioflit  ntliitUeDf  Domiutis.  i; 

uaptorat  otT  Sldl/  Bangiuy  d'HUIlen  mod  itntl  no  U 
v*7  to  EgTpU  mx :  u  MnloT  offlar  la  Um  Bay  of  Kb| 
iiignoi  «pltul»Hon  (178B)  o)  UoTO  ind  Nootd  (njiiiu 
by  NriMHi).  »(tentsrl»  poWWliing^B  viDdl™Uon;  c 

royal  I»ehl  Augv"-    """■  "' 


FOSBBS,  ALRXAXDBR  PRSflOSB  fUlT-1tll|, 
1.1  ion  Dt  JahD  B»  FortH,  b«i 
UA  U  Glugow  DDirMtT  b1 


'IcHdmlrsl,   1S11:   KX3.B 

nOTZ,  LTDIA  (18417-18111),  »ctrH>,   whoie    r« 

18(3.  Btid  subHquently  pluyvl  at  miny  Londna  Chsija 
her  beat  iwti  LncLndlnK  VtOia  RcEla  in  'Gull.'  I8t7 
■Dd  Addh  In '  Tbe  Dmiscbeflii.'  1877.       [SappL  U.  HI] 

FOOTE,    MABIA,  (oqrUlOOU\TE!W    0»    HARHmUTU> 

(t;»;7-iur),  ictreKi  ippared  witb  gmt  <u«««  ■ 
Cormt  QaMeo  u  AnuoUib  In  -The  OhUd  ol  N'atoi«' 
aDcbboldXlM*:  pbjnd  at  unw  ttaUe  till  18»;  mb 
Bflqaently  acted   at  I>rDrT   lAne:     (onrod   «jl«nflETBLy 

^_  rf  Harrington  [q. 
Inlrigiw  wllb  ColoDel 
'  breacb  of  promlH  fro 
lucb  popnlar  Kjmpathj. 


Moiwjn  [ri,   t.] 
lDdi»  Qompany 


A.  BraaenoH  OoUcira,  OHort,  W 


1679,  aal   edllsd 

and  Bt.  Oolnmbii.' 

FORB£B, 


prwencc.  IBSO:  an  IstlmaM  Mead  at  Ttm 
get.  liepQbliBbed  ■  EiplaDaHiiB  of  tbelU^' 
rlea.'  1M7-S,  'Kalendani  of  Sotfah  ibiw 

_j,.^  ■" —  q(  Bt.  Ninian,  S 


(iii.mi 


■I  d^BtIoan^  c,  1817-IS7;  i 

uan'  weekly  >aamal,  IM'        ___^ 

hrning   AdTertlser'    and    ButHequoktiv  to  'Di^ 


tbt  Temple  appeared  aa  an  ai 
1741 ;  played  comedy  uirta 
at  Tmtrj  Lane,  174«:  Ui  'Dl 

prohibited  at  the  Ha]>ma[kM, . 

problbltfid  j^eoe  an  amoslng  eatertalnmait 
mimicked  lading  adore  and  aUrtirtHea;  pr\puu.-n.  ^u, 
Kolgbtn,'  Ttdlcnling  Italian  opua,  1749 :  and  17»t  ■  The 
Bngllahman  In  Parle '  (Ooienl  Qarden  and  Dmr;  I«»); 
broiiffbt  oat  'T^  ErMCllBbman  Rctomed  froni  Paris' 
(Careot  QanleB).  17M:  hli  'Antbor.'  siTsi  at  Dmrr 
lane,  pnppreneed.  17B' 


Imprlaone 

o  Prince  Obarlea  the 

oner  of  oonrt  of  cbOmn  aud  HJ>.  IDr 
tilt  prlTy  oonndllor,  l«7a  and  ian 
;  procOTH  reffium  dofii 


ia  parliacoent,  and  v 


HurlfWin 


It  Dublin  (ITW),  a  faUoi 

UnrpbT^  playe  at  Dniry 
(17«i)  playrf  Peler  Pmr««f»nb  in  hli  o»-n 
among  hie  other  pla^i  'Tlie  Mayor  ot  Oamtt, 
OommlBoary,"  17fll,  'The  Derll  upon  "" —  =• 
'  Tbe  Nabob,'  1779.  and  '  Tho  Capuebl 


lord  jutlce;  procured  rrffitim  dimitm  forpreibytvia 
cnated  Banni  Olanebngh  and  Vlieoant  (taiuiaid,  1( 
onatad  earl  and  cOlooel  ol  IStb  loot.  1(84 ;  nmondtaa 

"      '       proCMed  anbut  Uh  aeta  tf 

trieged  by  Ue  bU  at  CMb 
■iniamm.  {ilx.m 

S,  Snt  CHASLBS  (17T4-1»4«>.  pelUfttal 
e  Aberdeen  OnlToilty:  bead«<  tfaedntav 
lie  In  Bomliay,  In  tbe  town  hallof  wbUilB^ 
by  Ohwtrey :  buy  M.F.,  Beniky.  inMH 
-' ""°  "  ■  -ipportri  WelllBictoo  •■  ■• 


OHARLRS  FEROUSSON  (tT7»-Um 

D.  Bdinhnreh,  IBM:  •awwr-"-'-'^ 

-  "Bmt,  retiring  aa 

_JHbt  twodatiawith  OrnieMi    ^ 

illeagne,lS97:F.a.CU>^lt41:SAI<    ^ 

[iltW       •" 

rOBSES.  DAVID  (1777?-184«),  major 

-■"""  Hlghlabdeia.  1798, and  aei '' '     "^ 

■"-■  ancllnthcQulbera 


Fuuillc  of   loiwa'  (siiled  by  fiiHldin 


I,  ODSCAS  (1886-1717),  lord] 
tUu ;  Knmd  »a  of  Diudau  J 
'.1;  itodial  Uv  tt  Ifyden; 
lUbitUui,  ITH  :  made  depul 
iiutnbib  In  17U;  HJ<„  Im 


adnhsta  mad 


1  part  in  apposing  pitidili 
at  of  Ghula  Bdward.  t1 


Mlihal  TbmlogiHl  worn  on  loi 

(1ST*-1?«)  h.  r.) 

I,  DDKOAN  (nan- 1 9(81,  oric 


)d  to  detDcb  LoTftC 
.-u  obt^ial  to  fl; 


[Xll.SWIJ 

Stl),  uturalUt:  bratlifi 
r.];»eodlB)»tHdliitmrrfl 


L  to  N«*»;,  riWKf^  BwlWerlMd.  Ocrtuni 
duDngta  AoiUia,  18»:  bHbmd  In  varloa 


rOBBEB,  JA.MEa(lS»?-in]),nauixiD(onniMdlTiiie: 
.A.  Abenluen  uid  Oifgnl:  ejwMl  [rom  moQCblcr 
iiLlirtlrfiU  Ifle]  ;  iDiprUDDol  ffbjoaitJj:  for  titty-tigbi 
ara  u,lnl.lEr  at  iilpuocWr.  [III.  Vlt] 

rOKBES,  JAUBS  (i;i»-l81V).  buUuh  or  'Orlmtal 
'84  ;  LmpriwuiEd  la  Ftuico  Bftfr  niptare  of  fKvx  ut 


Oliapelle. 

rORBSB.  JWBS  {17T9-1UT;,  li 
Tiy  lutfpItHLi; 


•  BdiiLbunfb  ^^cciety^   KcrelAry,  Ka>iU  So^Lvtj 
itdlnburxl^  IMU-m.  Hlauhlcf  work  xu 'TrnTcla  tbra 

with  ^eriBtlDDt  on  tbu  [■ItcuooiniH  of  Olackn.'  1 


, :  nwl'  loor  tiuoo^  Lyda,  ooUHltoff  moUtua 
IMl  atdid  by  ■  gianC  Innn  BriUib  Aneola- 
dch  ta  Md  K  'Hcpon,-  ISU:  proreuH  of 
Klns^  OoUcfc  London,  and  [aMom  of  tbo 
UsH^,  1841]  palHinEalaflM  ol  Itie  Onlogloal 
4:  iBtand  lb  Baiil  LiiHlatlDU  dd  'LIvht 
OMiinr  by  Subpiutna  RHsarchH':  PJL9^ 
Ml  Ual  FuiiKkbcdi  belonged  lo  rwIlUo  Berin. 
-- DtDt  OiDlotUal  Sodetf,  ISM:  profntoj-  of 
-    -  "■ ■-    -"•   bnt  dieJ  witbiii  Jiti 


1.   uid   'Hlitatf  Df   Brttlih  S 


B,  ant  PmN013(1784- 1841), 

nej-gcDenU  of  Benuiula,  IHIS 
iDd,  lB16,Df  Ke"  Boulb  Willi 

B.OEOKGE,  third  Ejirl  o» 

tbet.  Btrt  «rl  [q,  T.)  :  serrnl 
ot  OibtaKu  and  buttle  of  K 
mlkr  in  Ha  bone  KwnlB  uo 

knov.  1)10: 


s  under  Atiiyll,  !■ 
t  Minorca,  1716- 


eootetted  bjr  Aguali  and  TyndaU. 
70XBXg,  JAHB8  OOHOttOAR, 

FOBBB  (17U'18U),  HTTtf  With  tbll 

lo  rlaoden.HidilTNjattheHdder: 


[.U.M8] 


Norn  Scotia : 

FORBKB.  JOHK(H7l-l«oe),C«iucblu 
Andiuigel  ■ ;  taupBl  ttDtD  Scollaod  lo  Ant 
u  a  ib*pbenl'*  bo; :    took  the  baUI  ol 
ToLinuT.  19BI :  nldla  haTccoDTErtadtbRe 
ioldleri  to  mtbolloUm  at  Dlimiide ;  di^ 
L«lUi  ■llle'  ol  blm  hj  F.uiUnui  Oran 
trauilated  into  BugUib  (1«93),  fnaicb,  mvl 

War ;  ■  Falber 

«pdi>«lliH>l 

b^fillioU 
■t  ObHit :  a 

?J12»  •- 

[»i».  401] 

la  of  Alford, 

vb.it  tbi:  JBh*- 
li.lBue:  after 

70RSES.   JOHN  <1*M7-1«M),  mini 
AbenlEeuttiirm  Ittl:  went  au  a  ipHial  in 

dlcUou  of  Ibe  prtiT  muncU  ovir  tbc  chiir 
iying  wmo  Ome  in  France,  became  pa»tor 
1111,  and  Delft,  1(11 ;  pabllsbed  tbeolDiila. 

FOBBZB,  JOHN  (lMa-lS48|.  piofcH 
MOdd  emi  at  Patrick  Forbas  of  Corw  [q.  v.] ;  i 
fFldelberg  and  otber  torelgn  uiiiirer*m™  ;  prt 


LW-tba)lo^ci  du  Dooniiia 


brbtluna'  (AmsIenlBin.   ..  ... 

rul-I,  Uicluds  a  Latin  diary.  [i 

FOKBES,   JOHK    (lllO-ms),    brlgadliir 
cote  OrejB,  nl  wtdcb  ngiment  be  tKotoifl  1 


sd'toytbcSreiicli.  17(8:  dlol 
[SuppL  U.  9M1 


Imlnl  of  the  irblte.  K 


).  JOHN'  (1T3S-1S(H), 


Poitu^al,  prince-recent,  and  « 


L(>ftlwflHt,178I.  Hli 
lu  pcdiUibed  In  1968. 

m  oiider  lipp«^Bucke 


lB8,  Sm  JOHN  (1787-18(11),  pbyilcl 
een  and  BdlDborgh ;  aHtoCadt-fliirBe 
.D.  Eriinburi^,  1817;    prmcUiial  b' 


FOSBEB,  JOHN  1 
ScoCUsh  lud^ :  •econd 


of  ■  'Ofclo[wd4a  of 
,MBtO-47;  pubUslial 


RD  Mkdwtk  (irrs-lBM), 
i  Hiu  ui  sir  WlUlam  rorbn  [q,  t.]  ; 
;  lord  ot  jcuHciarj.  lBStf-t7  ;  edlUd 
'Tliangbts  cDumnlng  Uin'i  OandinDD,'  by  Aleuinder, 
foiicth  buoD  Forba  [q.i.]i  '^'^  life  of  the  author. 

TOSBBB,  PATRICK  CUe4-lM»),of  Oort^biHbopof 
Aberdeo] ;  ntudLed  at  Qlu^w  add  BL  AndnwB;  with 
Andnw  HelvlUE  Tlilted  Oiford  azid  Cambridge ;  ordiUied 
misitter  ot  Kettb,  ISIO:  bithop  of  AbcTdem,  KIB-U; 
opposed  the  cburcb  pollcj  o!  Oliirlw  I ;  poblisbed  oom- 
mentirj'  oo  Ibe  ApoeaLjpM,  iai»,  [xLi.  MT] 

FOKBEB,  PATRICE  (ian?-1B80),  bitliopaf  Oiiitb- 
nae:  thLrd  (Do  ot  John  Forba  (16M?-10M)  [q.  ,.] ; 
gradaatid  st  Abenltcn,  lUl  :  mintiUr  of  Delft,  IMl; 


(Hi. 


FOSBES,  WALTER.  dEbtnnth  Bar 
(1TM-18AB),  HID  ot  Janw  OohDOCu  Forbet. 
baiou  [q.  v.] :  oooiDianded  ■  compuy  o(  the 
guards  at  Wslaloo :  beuetacter  id  St. '""'-' 


St.  NluLui'i  Oatliednl, 

FOBBEB,    WILLIAU  (IDS)-1»4), 
"■■-— (h:   M.A    "— — —    ..-■■— 


jitnrlLni  nmmu  uia  lannea  inenojuipA  witb 
Si.'aliger ;  mlaiater  of  Aberdeoo,  1019,  of  BdinI 

pom^yof  till  high  dhurch  doctrina :  ap 
bithop  of  Bdlnbiiixh,  18»»:  left  in  uiaomc 
HDTk   (publlihed,  17(9}  atlcmptinfl   to  hi 

FDBSBS,   am  WILLIAM  (173B-18IW). 


biBbop   of 


17M,ai 


chaoglng  tbe  najnc 
bj  Pitt.  V 


tl79»)  oBana , ,,,  „,„.„. ,„ 

eglata,17Bl :  amanberotJohutan'alilenurciubi  author 
of  *UeDiolt«  of  a  TtoiiMnif  Hoiue,'  18UJ  and  a  'life'  of 
BsCtle,  1«0«.  [lii.tll] 

FOKBZB,    WILLIAM    ALEXANDER    (1861-lBMX 
-Miogial ;  <ducat«t  at  WUlcbwter,  EdIuUurKh  Unlterslty, 
ad  nulTersitf  CollcgE,  IcDdou;  tdlov  of  St.  Johu't 
or  to  the  Znological  Society, 


J  College,  1 

ol^',  18  "i"  «ii!w'for™ 
leKlcar;  left  valuab 


'  pApen  on  tLe  anaUffiiy  of 


_._.S.,  ITW-lSOl;  piUiiM 

■The  VocBbiiloryolEa:«t  Anglla'  (edited  bf  Bn.Ueaqt 
Turner,  IMU}.  (littUJ 

m&0£R,  FRAKCIB,  the  eldn  (]eM?-17lt7L 
mimical  conipoKr  :  jolul^lenee   of  Sadler'i  WtUi  mae 

-Ghoj'oe  A;r«  and  Dlaloguei.'  [rli.tllj 

nSOZK,    PftAKCIS.    tbe   joimgcr    (l«7tr-IIUlL 

muter  ol  BKller'i  WelU,  17M-43,  [lii.  4UJ 

FOKD.    [See  aim  FoRDE.] 
FOKD,  ANH  (1737-1S34).     (s«  TaiccfBOK  Via 

AKK.l 

FOSJ,    DAVID    BVBnAHD    (1787-187*),    i 

Lfmln^Danl 

and  other  rebgioiu 

MhIc,'  im,  and  HTcral  boaki  of  paalm  and  brmD  I 

FDAD,  BDWAHD  (/,  IMT), 
writer  ;  four  of  his  baUada  fomid  In  tli 
tloD  and  another  in  BalUa-clI'b  '  Kortolk  : . „_ 

FOXS.  Sia  EDWARD  (imt-lB70),  nyiOlit  nhSv 
and  InvEnlur ;  sluatal  at  Trinity  CoUaga,  Oiliid; 
knigblal,  1«U :  >utTeodeRd  Arundel  Cutlt  alKr  tmt- 
teea  dap'  alc^  1641  -,  Imprlaonel  anl  IncApadtatad: 
cacaped  to  the  coDtioent :  retamed  to  De^otiata  vUb  Ite 


ig  tarthiuga  by  a  neu  prooaia. 

FOKD.  EDWARD  (174(1-180)).  inrgeOT 
llniter  IHfvpenaary.  17B0-18U1;  F,S.A.,  1!._.  ,..._. 

elasuedby  hli  Oepben-.ThomaiCopelandfq.  T.],IU9-U    J 

FORD,    EUAKDEL    (/ 
flthoT   of  'PaiiHmiia'  or  ' 

eUflufd  aa  chap-book«. 
FOXS.  Sib  FRANCIS  O 


■    (l***-")*  *  I 


E  (IBSS-HWXd^ 


burg,  1B71.  and  Vleuua.  11     , „ 

elon  on  United  StAWs  anhery  rl^bn,  Halifax.  UTT;  CJl  1 

aDdO.M.G..18TB:  BmisbmiDiitain  ArKEQliiHBB!iU(  I 

ie78,BrailL187>,  Athens,  1891,  Uadld^ISM:  aota*  I 

dor  at  Madrid.  1BS7,  Oonitantinople,  1S9!,  and  Ba^  f 

lBsl-8:  0,C,M.a,.  188e:prtTy  Of- ^■—  — -    ""■  ' 


FORD,  SiH  HBKRY  ( 


[Sapi 


[t  beqodta  to  TrtdQ 


Trinity),  ud  t* 
lection  tor  a  biitory  ot  bishops  (In  BrlUib  Honae). 
rni.4111 
FORD,  JOHN  (AI«M).  dnmatlM;  sdmltud it fl>  i 
Middle  Temple,  ISOS;  pmbably  ipiol  hii  laat  ;«•  ■  • 
Devonahlre:  his  chief  plays,  tbe  'Iatci*  MduMTi  F 
1820,  ■  'Tl.  Pily  ehee'B  a  Wbon,'  lan.  *■»•  Brt»  . 
Heart.'  iei3.  the '  Chronicle  Blst«ta  o(  FoUa  WtiMb  i 
lUt,  and  'Tlie  Ladles  Trlall,'  lUS;  ooUalHnM  ■<•  »- 
Ditter  and  Rowley 
Four  iinpi.bHabal  pi 


.-aved    portralta.   d 
m'wiliiam  111  and  Scbombair" 


FORD 


453 


POmiEST 


>HARD  (1796-1858),  critic  and  author ; 
'inchester  and  Trinity  College,  Oxford: 
}eat  several  years  making  riding  tours  in 
ated  from  1837  to  the  *  Quarterly,*  '  Bdin- 
i^estminster '  review-8  :  published  *  Hand- 
^lers  in  Spain,*  1845,  '  Gatherings  from 
id  other  works ;  his  articled  first  brought 
notice  in  England.  [xix.  421] 

(ER  ow{JL  1170  ?X    [See  Rookr.] 

[ON  (1619  ?-1699),  divine  :  of  Magdalen 
1,  from  which  he  was  expelled  for  pnri- 
fxl  by  parliamentary  visitors;  made  dele- 
ted BJ).,  1650;  afterwards  vicar  of  St. 
ding.  All  Saints,  Northampton,  and  St. 
Qbury ;  vicar  of  Old  Swinford,  1676-91 ; 
I  otlier  works,  three  Latin  poems  on  the 

[xlx.  422] 

BPHEN  (d.  1694),  nonoonformist  divine ; 
dipping  Norton  vicarage,  1662;  minister 
rs  in  Miles  Lone,  Gannon  Street ;  sub- 
aklo's  *  Quakerism  no  Christianity,*  1675 ; 
ogic&l  tracts.  [xlx.  423] 

iOM  AS  (d.  1648X  composer :  musician  to 
of  Wales  ;  published  *■  Musicke  of  Snndrie 
c  I  of  songs,  Book  11  of  instrumental 
and  contributed  anthems  and  canons  to 
Hilton's  compilations.  [xix.  424] 

OMAS ( 1598-1674),  nonconformist  divine; 
I  Hall,  Oxford,  1627;  expelled  the  unlver- 
itan  sermon,  1631  ;  sometime  minister  at 
nister  of  Aldwinkle  All  Saints,  Northamp- 
of  St.  Faith*ft,  London,  and  afterwards  at 
oer  of  the  Westminster  Assembly,  1644; 
logical  works.  [xix.  424] 

FOOSS.  WILLL&.M  (Jl.  1616X  divine; 
ity  College,  Cambridge,  1581  ;  M.A.,  1582 ; 
aplain  to  the  Levant  Company  at  Constan- 
ted,  1614.  [xix.  426] 

LLL^M  (1771-1832X  bookseller  and  biblio- 
seively  of  Manchester  and  Liverpool  ;  the 
1  of  Venus  and  Adonis  contained  in  his  first 
> ;  others  issnoiL,  1807, 1810-11  ;  contributed 
hiana*  (3danchester,  1817)  and  the  *Retro- 
«r.'  [xix.  426] 

RANCIS  (d.  1770),  conqueror  of  Masuli- 
1  in  command  to  Clive  in  Bengal,  1758 : 
.tarn  with  a  small  force  and  drove  the 
the  Deccan,  1759;  defeated  the  Dutch  at 
le  of  the  supervisors  sent  out  in  1769  by 
Company,  who  disappeared,      [xix.  426] 

iAMUBL  (1905-1828).  painter :  master  in 
inics'  Institute  ;  friend  of  Maclise :  painted 
mgedy '  and  a  cniciflxiou  for  Skibbereen 

[xix.  427] 

TTOMAS  ('/.  1582),  Roman  catholic  divine ; 
ity  College,  Oxford ;  M.A.  Trinity  College, 
B'.D.  of  Donav,  1576 ;  executed  on  charge 
:  beatified,  1886.  [xix.  428] 

THOMAS  (/.  1660),  author:  his  *  Times 
1647)  wrongly  attributed  to  Fnller;  pub- 
isus  Fortiime,'  1649,  and  *  Virtus  Hediviva,' 

[xix.  428] 

C  GEORGE  (1837-1887),  jockey:  won  the 
e  on  Little  David,  1853  ;  headed  the  list  of 
79,  1855-62,  {scoring  165  wins  in  the  last 
le  Oaks  five  times,  the  Cambridgeshire 
1,  and  the  Derby  (Sir  BevysX  1879 ;  gained 
X  de  Paris  four  times,  the  French  Derby 
French  Oaks  once.  [xix.  429] 

JOHN  (<i.  1384?),  part  author  of  the 
•n';  prolMably  a  chantry  priest  at  Aber- 
have  collected  material  in  England  and 
ell  as  Scotland,  1363-84 ;  compiled  also 
ft  *  in  continuation  of  the  '  Sootichrouicou.* 

[xix.  430] 
:,  ALEXANDER  (d,  1789),  banker ;  son  of 
>f  AtMerdeen ;   partner  in  London  firm  of 
Fordyce  dc  Down  ;  absconded,  1772,  after 
k  stopped  payment,  causing  a  great  panic. 

[xix.  481] 


FOSDTCS,  DAVID  (1711-1751),  professor  at  Aber- 
deen ;  brother  of  Alexander  Fordyoe  [q.  v.] ;  M.A. 
Mariscbal  College^  Aberdeen,  1728 ;  professor  of  moral 
pbiloaopby,  1742-51 :  perished  in  a  storm  off  the  coast  of 
Holland;  published  his  *  Dialogues  concerning  Educa- 
tion *  (1745-8,  anon.)  and  *  Elements  of  Moral  Philosophy  * 
(1754),  besides  posthumous  works.  [xix.  432] 

FOSDTOE.  GEORGE  (1736-1802),  physician;  M.D. 
Edinbni^h,  1758;  lectured  in  London  on  chemistry, 
materia  medico,  and  practical  physic;  physician  at  St. 
Thomas's  Hospital.  1770-1802;  P.R.S.,  1776;  F.R.C.P., 
tpedali  gratia,  1787;  published  *  Elements  of  Physic* 
(1768-70), '  Treatise  on  Digestion,*  1791,  and  five  important 
dissertations  on  fever,  besides  chemical  works. 

[xix.  432] 

70SDTCB,  JAMES  (1720-1796).  presbyterian  divine ; 
uncle  of  George  Fordyce  [q.  v.] ;  M.A.  Aberdeen,  1753 ; 
D.D.  Glasgow ;  minister  of  Brechin,  1745,  Alloa,  1753, 
and  Monk  well  Street,  London,  1760-82  ;  friend  of  Dr. 
Johnson,  whose  religious  character  be  described  in  his 
'  Addresses  to  the  Deity,*  1785.  [xix.  433] 

70KDT0E,  Sir  WILLIAM  (1724-1792X  physician: 
brother  of  David,  James,  and  Alexander  Fordyce  [q.  v.]  ; 
an  army  surgeon  in  war  of  1742-8 :  tiegan  to  practise  in 
London,  1750;  M.D.  Cambridge,  1770;  knighted,  1787; 
lord  rector  of  Aberdeen  (Mariscbal  College)  at  death. 
Some  of  his  works  were  translated  into  Gkrman. 

[xix.  435] 

F0BE8T,  JOHN  (1474  7-1538),  martyr ;  member  of 
Franciscan  houses  at  Greenwich  and  Watergate,  Oxford  ; 
aa  confessor  of  Catherine  of  Arragon  displeased  Henry 
Vm  and  was  removal,  1533 ;  subsequently  imprisoned ; 
burnt  at  Smithfield  for  his  book  against  the  king*s 
assumption  of  the  headship  of  the  churoh,  Bishqp  Latimer 
being  present.  [xix.  435] 

F0KE5TSE,  JAMES  (Jt.  1611),  theological  and  medi- 
cal writer ;  M.A.  Clare  Hall,  Cambridge,  1583 ;  indicted 
for  writing  against  the  qneen*s  prerogative  in  church 
matters,  1593;  published  'The  Pearle  of  Practise,*  1594, 
and  '  Marrow  and  Juioe  of  260  Scriptures,*  1611. 

[xix.  436] 

FOSFAB,  Earls  op.  [See  Dodolar,  Archibald, 
first  Earl,  1668-1712;  Douglas,  Archibald,  second 
Earl,  1693-1715.] 

FOBOAILL,  DALLAN  (Jl.  600).    [See  Dallan.] 

FOBGLEN,  Lord  {d.  1727).  [See  Oqilvt,  Sir 
Alexander.] 

FOBICAK,  ANDREW  (</.  1522),  archbishop  of  St. 
Andrews;  as  protonotary  attended  Perkin  Warbeck  in 
Scotland,  1495-6 ;  one  of  the  ambassadors  to  Henry  VII, 
1498;  negotiated  marriage  of  James  IV  and  Margaret 
Tudor,  1501 ;  bishop  of  Moray,  1502 ;  ambassador  in 
England,  1509 ;  negotiated  alliance  between  Louis  XII  and 
Pope  Julius  II :  archbishop  of  Bourges,  1513-15  ;  arch- 
bishop of  St.  Andrews  after  much  opposition,  1516 : 
author  of  *  Contra  Lutherum,*  'De  Stoica  Philoeophia,* 
and  *  Collectanea  Decretolium  * ;  documents  relating  to 
him  printed  in  Rokiertsou's  notes  to  '  Scotiae  Concilia.* 

[xix.  436] 

FOBXAN,  SIMON  (1552-1611),  astrologer  and  quack 
doctor;  left  destitute  by  his  father;  entered  Magdalen 
College,  Oxford,  OS  a  *  poor  scholar,'  1573 ;  claimed  miracu- 
lous powers,  c.  1579 ;  began  to  practise  as  a  quack  in 
London,  1580 ;  finally  set  up  in  London  as  an  astrologer, 
1583 :  obtaiuol  a  large  disreputable  practice,  chiefly 
among  court  ladies;  frequently  imprisoned  at  the  in- 
stance of  medical  and  other  authorities ;  began  to  prac- 
tise necromancy,  1588;  grantcil  a  license  to  practise 
medicine  by  Cambridge  University,  1603  ;  his  philtres  re- 
ferred to  in  Ben  Jonson*8  ♦Epicene*;  published  'The 
Grounds  of  the  Longitude,*  1691.  Among  his  manuscript* 
wliich  came  into  possession  of  As»hmole,  *  Tlie  Bocke  of 
Ploies  '  contains  the  earliest  account  of  the  performances 
of  'Macbeth*  (1610),  the  'Winter's  Tale*  (1611),  and 
»Oymbeline.*  [xix.  438] 

F0BBE8T,  ARTHUR  (rf.  1770),  commodore;  served 
on  West  Indian  and  South  American  stations ;  capturol 
merchant  fleetoff  Petit  Gnave,  1758 ;  died  holding  Jamaica 
command.  [**•  *] 

F0BBE8T,  EBENEZER  (fl.  1774),  attorney ;  author 
of  '  An  Account  of  what  seemed  most  remarkablo  in  the 


;YW.16M?).B«rttL,h 
lUriyr;  jribr  ta  ine  uoiaaicuue  oraer;  tiurpod  hb  n 
iFnllR  at  St.  AoilrewB  for  inHdi  nvken  iD  upprorHlof 
'.trick  HamllioD.  [IJ.S) 
rOBEKST,  JOHN  (1111  ?-lS3«).  [6«  POKEST,] 
IDKRSIT.  ItOBBKT  {Il«8  7-lUt>,  iDulptor:  t\aao- 
namnlnOlJdEHUlf:  '   '  "      -       ■" ' 


leGLut 


PORRZBT,  1 


Unbargh,  lliv  pt 


1  Ooient  Oan)«n 
rriok  uld  Colman;  oommittHl 

(d.  111(1}.     [3«  FORRBr.} 


FOfiKEgr.  THOH\S  (IliSMSD!?).  nutiinllor  ; 
formM  for  Ui«  Eoot  tudla  Oornpanj  new  KtUemcut  At 
Italamban^Hii.  1770 ;  tum^yot  ctHsla  of  Hew  Qnlou  ami 
tkilii  Arcbtp^ftgD,  bdng  tlte  flnt  ta  place  wuiarAtdf 
WnjKioLi  oDthecl)iirt,i;j4-a:di«»vorolForTwietnlt, 
17M  ;  [luDIUhal  ■jDUmsl  of  Um  EiUicr  Brig  .  .  .  tnim 
BmgnlUi  Quolib.-  mi,  BDil  'Vojaee  (iDmSaloiitta  to 
the  MerBUl  AmhlmliwD.'  UflS;  ilM  wrota  'TthiMm  oa 
UK  Moiiuoh)  In  ButtudiB.'  [ii.  S] 


I'BoolCDt  Dgjl';   puUllhcd 


tHtdl  l>y  hlmielc :  illme 
■  The  Tour  of  Dr.  SynUn,"  isas,  Albert  It  amlth'i  ■  Bwotj 
and  U«  BeuV  1813.  tbe  Bon  li.uLtler  'BMll^^l^^■  181B, 
tluthbHI  BHle'a  'F»lrj  ThIm,'  1MB.  'Tbe  TniTris  of 
turiin UiuicbsuHD,'  lUfl, tul'Elt Plateiot  Plckvioklan 
Skelrlm.'  [i>.  t] 

70KSXBTXK,   OSARLBS    ROBsnT  (isoa-iauix 

Fori«Hbet  [q.  T.li  pabllahed.  under  tlie  pieLMloaym  *H£d 
WlllLt,--0««tleBaj-iiart.'  IMt.Biid'SlrHolnral,' IHJf,  two 


of  llie  brotbrn  FomsHr.  [ii.  7] 

FOSKEBTEK.  DAVID  <  l«l»-l«33).  BcDttlah  dlTlne  : 

LiilthloroppMiUoiilollKtlveinicJai  of  Pertli :  ralored, 
1927.  [,,.  7] 

FOaRXBTSa,  JOBEPB  JAUES.  Baron  i>e  FVih- 
nRSTni  tn  Portugal  (lHUB-lgai),  nwrchnol  uid  wlne- 
nhippcr;  went  to  Oporto,  1831 ;  pabUshHl  cbart  of  tbe 
Doom  from  TilTtnre  to  Iti  moulli,  with  Eeolo^oJ  santy 
■lid  mnpi  of  tlK  pflrt-wliM  dljlrlctii.  1848 :  eierted  liiouelf 
■--■• -• ■■--  -.Wqg»od  eipnrtiiWou  of  Iho 


il  prln  amj 

FORRSSTXB,    THOUAS  (I»es?'lU!|.  nil 
ofensnUTj;  M.A.  8C.  Andrews  1W8;  -■'--- 

itlire  Uirlmlad  lii  MildowDt's  ■  Book  of  I 


[«.a] 


IhIid  to  ■  Dlvlnl  tUgiil  tried  (1 


■  "Tb*  HfenreUnl 


FOBS,  WlLLl.^M  DF,EtHi,o: 
[Bee  WiULUu.] 
7DREETT, 


laplmton ;   publubfld  ■  A  OcUDpHntln 

lolica  HkCtthI  and  PoUtlqTe.'  1<0«.>A 

e  KIgbt  of  KiDgi,'  le!4.  Id  uimr  ti 

[It  ID] 


,   INI-B! 

cretAry  tollieNniwiin.lB9»-W:  dilfUB 
g  HonlUl,  lUa-U ;  odltsl  catiliifDi  d 
twtaim).  tht'Dmrlptfai  et  il»  Oral 

•loRUai  of  Mun*  of  tbe  oileatal  and  BttM 
itbllihed  edlUoDt  of  Ibo  Gospdt. 


■cior  of  Bocounoi?.  BTf»do«k, 
'•11,  1770. 
FORBTES,  BENJAMIN  HBOOOT 


<,    1788; 


KnoKtoe*  of  Fun 
bid  atmoapberioftl 

of     IllB   BDtl-alBTB    —f^    ^.^.u.^. 

[;Uld  BluUng  Aol. 

FOSBTEa,  KTWABD.  the  elder  (ITM-iniJ^  b 
■Dd  unUqauT :  while  Id  Holluid  rccdnd  from  hli 
ate,  Benjamin  Knrlj,  wnw  ori([ln»l  letteia  of  Lncta 
nearly  thirty  years  (ninriiDr  of  the  RoKla  Oaq 


•i/ 


pobUdtd  th*  -BrltMi  Oi 


i  VaMBOm. 
atPAuU- 


i[lciihit(datBamo1CoUe«e,Oiifoid.l7S8;H.A.n.lIUT 

1,  Oifor.1,  1797;  morning  pncher  at  F-— ' 

■•emir  chapeli.  and  at  FuV  8U«(  and 
3-14:  chAplain  to  tJje  "^  "-  ■ 
i,  when^  Iw  dial :  pn 

i.  [laUaod'n  'Ara'btan  Higbtl,' 


FOBSTXR,    ESWABD,    tbe   ]roan«ei    ( 


all] 


for  the  Dejittule  fouudfrl  by  bim  In  Bactawy  Eoed.  If 
naa  a  cataloKueof  Britlfh  blnlti.  he  printal  a'^-^ 
meat  lo  Englinh  Botany.'  1934.    Hli  herbartom  n 

FOaSTER,  (lEOROB  (if.  17H).  trareUfi  In  ■ 
of  UieEait  India  Company ;  auUiv  o(  -A  JaiimRbia 
Bengal  to  Bnglund  thnniKii  Ua  Konliera  I'ltt  ri  Ii^    , 

'  Sketfhe  of  tbe  Mj-tholci^  and  ciuUmu  of  the  SbvliAk' 

FOaBTZB.  HEKRY  PITTS  ( 1788  !-iaU),  orieu'*' 
In  aervlee  ol  the  Bait  India  Componj ;  hdp^  to  ■» 


KSfi  ond  wo!  iDDdu  F.B.S.  lor  Ilia  tbam  lu 


L.  'WIU.IA.M  4/.  1UI).  nuthonaUslmD  ; 
-  Oughtnd  [q.  r.].  vhiMv  tmtln  dd  tba 

Bdllul  :       FORSrSB,  'WILLU.M  CITH-tBue).  mittlaL  Inatrn- 
iMfl.  j  „g„t  orntn-  COW  Fowct')  ^  kC  up  »  "ioliii  oliiip  niw 

worki,  I        rOKSTEB,    WILLIAM    (I7«l-lut),   TteUn-Diikrr  : 


Df  WUliun  F< 


[itx.M] 


7BX   OOOPBR  <IS33-IMB).  K 
:'.  Collide  Scluwl  and  Qoys  Hi 

[  'of  Uw  CoUrgvof 


tn  pLUvitlin^c  wi 


_,....  _      .       of  Ohililrai,'  IBM. 

[■■•IS]        „., ..,.„™. 

!ATHAN1KL    (II18-1T67).   Kbotar :     «ffl,toB.Uori'(iaiS). 

ta\  Oorpui  Chrlatt  tioUeac,  UiTanl ; 
,  17U;  aj>.,  lint;  domaUc  duplBln 


■tloo,  ISU:  iBntttgiUid  Xbt  mnitlsiaa  of  ibe 
vsafd  bi  Ibe  poMts  (■tnlnc.  ISM-T  itntdlnd 

~  ~  1  Eihorw- 


P.B*.  IJ 


ibLlJliBi  ■Hrfeollonit™  I  •'J' _f^tbEr_  It 
He    hijrli    Adtlqalty   of  ' 
n  Egypt,'  174!.'AppBi-  I 


rOSITXR,     WILLIAM     EDWARD 
tndc  m  Sndfonl. 


1)  [q   T 


:  did  nucb  hi  iikxIp 


lATHANiBL  (i;w?-irao),  w 

■  "itUnlel  P      ■ 
ColIt«t;  <: 
;  DJ)„  11 


r.AOil  'Au4'w«r  t«^ir John  I>kJi7Viple'i 
Itporutinn  of  WonU'  1783.     [ii,  30] 


HROnBRT(ieA»-lBGl>,  [Sa Fofum. 
IMOK  ANDREW  (1M1-Ig70).  put 
I7«4-ISW)  [q.v.l  "  [i«.M] 

roM*a  (;*,  1WI-171!V  llmoBr.  ki 
«dl  mlniAtbm  on  TciliLm  mtrr&Ti 


i-rn  «1T1..L  tb«  En- 
I  Eiurmtioii  Bill,  nurl 


InKiH  :    rariKDed   dOi 


o  jmrs'   mrugnJe  ' 


th«n  ui 

huD  tnnEy  ne  reiuHd  ca  MDutira 
Tlo«  •(Mr  tbe  PboioLi  PMk  mu 
■gain  held  offlw  :  during  bia  Lw 
oppnwd  Jibeml  foreign   poltoj, 

•"  ;  U*«UB  .nd  of  tbe  commllM  oi 
,"     Gum  BUI. 

ToMTTB,  ALBXANDHR  JOHN   (17«B-I9«X  En- 


four  jr™™  BmenltT 

TnipvrUI  Fedentkip 
he  StiiiigLe««  SLIp 


m-  whieh  hf 


[II. «1      ,  HieMieM;LL.D.Obi.«nir.  [ii.Sl] 

ff01IA3(I«ra?-ir38).  Jnroei  Edward  1       MESTTH,  JAMEfl    (IM8-187I),    Imlbin  Imntler 
u*!    MDEral:    M-P,  NonliumhsrUml,    end  rfiillMiillJl.;  iuibliab«l  "n»  Sporting  Hlfle  »M  Ite 

i»pBd  [rom  Nen-gat^  1716.  to  Ftuno.  loorof  Ihaoentnil  provinof*  (»«.  )1] 

[HI.  »1]  TOMTTH.  JOSEPH  {17«»-1«U),  <rlioolin«ftn«nd 

rHOMAP     FURLT      (17«1   -   IBSSX  nuthor  ;1I.A.  Klnn'sOnlliim  ibenlwij.  1770;  Biirluraer 

nollMnrd  Ponw  the  elder  [q.  i.] ;  In  Pbhk*.  18aS-H;  pnbllalinl  Taln«biB'Rrai»rlni(p|i  All. 

Si'I91»(r«iaSri"lM3).    ^'[?i,  JJl"  I  li'i''tl»)«i>iiiaUn"dlBOB.-"lill».  t"-S»] 


70XBTTH.    KOBBRT     (IISS-IMA).    ml 
initer ;  puhliahed.  tiawng  other  worlu.  •  The  B«c 


FORTEBOUE 


<iaio-i»«r).  lujmL-i 

high  Bherttt  of  Dmomhin  ■■-•-■-' 


FOSBTTH,  WILLIAM  <I7IT-1SU).  gudl 
OHried  ?hll(p  irUler  Id  Uie  ApoUuiariei'  Qurdeo,  Cbe)ia. 
tT7t;  iiuperintecdent  of  Cfae  n^Hl  gBtdeiu  aX  Bt  J&ma' 
And  Kfinatngton.  1784;  pa^lkBUd  * OtiverTmlloDB  on  tbe 
DisiBap,  &c,  of  Pomt  uid  Fralt  Tnec«*  179],  mod 
•TmtlKDOtbeOaltaTe  of  rrult  Tr»,'  1803:  tlunkel 
b)  pu-Kunent  tor  bU  Kw-pUlBtcr.  [ii.  U] 

rOKBTTH,  WILLIAM  (ISlB-ing).  poet  wd  jour- 
nalLit :  fuNodltor  of  the 'InnmiM  OouMs '  undR-tknu- 
or  thlrtj  j«*ri  editor  ol , 

■tei»tun';  publWiod  ' The  itartjrdor  -■■'-■- 
-  and  -  IdjUi  jmd  Lyrlce,' 


BIr  AnUionj  Torteneat  [q.  t.]:« 

VhcD  secntoTT  to  the  mident  of  (t 

tke  of  LomliH  Id  LondDn,  1M7 :  pn . 

loember  of  pn>|aQtcd  royil  mcsdflmj;  comnponAnL  wl 

OslUet.  Btr^L  ud  ThooBU  Fumby  ' —  '    "'-  — 

'    lode-FnriB  Acadnnico'  (LaUn   i 

Qe  BotIm  PllgiliMee,'  1«W.  i». 

FOKTUOVX,  BTH  HBNHT  (jC  1«»).  lord  ct 


Mr  John  Fortwcue  (1JW7-U78?)  [q.  t.];  H.F.Dngs- 
iblre,  Mtl ;  tv[ce  depnttid  bj  the  Irish  pBrlkmeol  u 

LDOH.  [H.«l 

roSTESonz.  jakbs  (irie-i77ri,  poctiai  iniis: 

'eUav(4BiM«GaUeee.Oicford:  M.A,  17SIJ;  DJl.im: 
jlaplalD  of  Mo^on;  Bonlor  pny:Ur,  1718:  nctgr  flf 
'"— ' —      •■""-^pton■bin.     17M-JT;     cbM     wiit 


TnknbaiT.  1471 ;  pudni 


H>.  ■  HlitoTT  of  Oaptmty  of  Nipo- 
*.  HdBlk,-  IStS.  -Life  of  dam:  IMS.  'Novell 


[B  ADBIAK  (147B  ?-lgS*).  katgbt 
knighted.  IMS  :  kulght  of  St.  Jobn,  1133 ;  stti 


FOBTSBOUZ,  I 


enslon  ol  BiiiBbetb :  ImprlaoDed  foi 


X  keeper  of  (be  cmtwudntt: 

,  .TnUingfort.  Wt.^uid  »!• "-  *~  "-  — " 


[«.37]       |».™ 


board  of  tj-wie,  iJ 


FASKDISOV-FOSTEfl- 


conilucted  through 


ittitaUoul   qmi . 

irU  h^  JDrledlcUoa  onr  dectioa  petiiiDDi 
tal  boob  Hid  muDKrlpt*  tc  Ui  Mend  SU-  ii» 
Bodley'i  llbrsrT.  ["W 

FOaiEBODE,  BIB  NICHOLAS,  th.rtd«(ll7U-l«; 
otumberlbin  of  tlie  eicheqaer ;  hartKMnd  MTld  B*n 
[q.  T,}.  tlw  Benoliotlne.  for  KTsml  fimn  >t  CooUilL  bl 
rc^ideun;  autpcctcd  of  oomplidtT  Id  theGDnpovWIde^ 


ISll).icDi||htof  at.  J> 


tin  HIOHOL&B.  tt 


TT  (l«i»'- 


psappL  u.  la;]     I  HovT, 


It  ^  king,  probablf  ■<  MvSV 


PORTESOITE 


457 


FOSTER 


OUS,  RIGHARD  (</.  1655X  governor  of 
.eatenant-oolonel  in  parliamentarian  army, 
il  in  new  modeU  1645-7 ;  commanded  regi- 
edition  to  West  Indies,  1654  :  oommander-in- 
aica,  1655.  [Suppl.  U.  329] 

lOUE,  THOMAS  (1784-1873),  Indian  civUian  ;  I 
Henry  Wellesley  (Lord  CJowley)  wben  lieu-  [ 
mor  o<  Oode ;  civil  commissioner  at  Delhi, 

[XX.  48] 

4nrS,  WILLIAM  (1687-1749),  master  of  the  I 
introdaced  by  his  friend  Gay  to  Pope :  bar- 
Temple,  1715 ;  private  secretary  to  Walpole ; 
wport  (Isle  of  Wight),  1727-36  ;  K.O.,  1730 :  , 
leral  to  Krederick,  prince  of  Wales.  1 730 :  baron 
iquer,  1736  :  justice  of  common  plea^,  1738  ; 
'  to  Pope,  who  addressed  to  him  his  first  satire. 

r  XX.  49]      ) 
,   Earl   of  (15737-1651).     [See  Buthysk, 

JM,  CHARLES  DRURY  EDWARD  (1820-  | 
x>Uector;  conducted  cattle  ranch  in  South  ; 
1840-5;  collected  workd  of  art  in  Europe:  j 
1;  jnade  liberal  bene&ictious,  1893,  to  Oxford  , 
for  erection  of  suitable  buildings  for  accom-  ' 
Khnu^ean  collections,  to  which  he  added  his  , 
iona,  1888;  honorary  D.G.L.  Oxford,  1889  ; 
i    treatise   on    *3iaioUca,'   1896,    and   other  | 

[SnppL  a.  339] 

BY,  SAMUEL  (1622-1681),  author  of  'Eng-  ! 
est  and  Improvement,  consisting  in  the  in-  ' 
s  Store  and  Trade  of  this  Kingdom,*  1668. 

[XX.  50] 

JTE,  ROBERT  (1813-1880),  traveller  and 
risited  China  for  the  Horticultural  Society, 
,e  East  India  Company,  1848;  sent  home  the 
ovr  roee,  the  Japanese  anemone,  and  the 
/■'ortunei  (fan-palmX  named  after  him ; 
noea  and  Japan,  1853 ;  pubhshed  '  Report  upon 
antations  of  the  N.w.  Provinces  of  India,' 
Visits  to  the  Tea  Countries  of  China  and  the 
itations  In  the  Himalayas,'  1863,  and  *  Yeddo 
•  1863.  [XX.  50] 

)KE.  THOMAS  DUDLEY  (1770-1843),  anU- 
tsated  at  St.  Paul's  School  and  Pembroke  Ool- 
i:  M.A.,  1792:  vicar  of  Walford,  Hereford- 
-42;  F.SJL,  1799;  published  'British  Mona- 
2,  *  Encyclopeedia  of  Antiquities,'  1825,  and 
the  City  of  Gloucester,'  1819,  &c.     [xx.  51] 

DWARD  (1787-1870),  biographer  ;  member  of 
emple,  1822;  one  of  the  founders  of  the  In- 
Law  Society,  and  president,  1842-3:  under- 
ondon.  1827-8:  F.S.A.,  1822  ;  publi-«hed  *The 
England,'  1848-64,  and  an  abridgment  of 
1820.  [XX.  61] 

I,  Str  AUGUSTUS  JOHN  (1780-1848),  dlplo- 
mipotcntiary  to  the  United  States.  1811-12  ; 
k,  1814-24;  and  to  Turin,  1824-40:  privy 
1822:  M.P..  Cockermouth,  1812-14:  G.G.H., 
ed  baronet,  1831 :  committed  suicide,  1848. 

[XX.  62] 
I.  HENRY  (1796-1831),  navigator:  surveyed 
^lumbia  and  north  shore  of  Im  Plata,  1819  ; 
til  HalL  1820 ;  elected  F.R.9.  1824,  on  return 
ft  voyage  to  Greenland  :  astronomer  to  Parry's 
litions,  1824-5  and  1827  ;  Copley  medallist, 
I  command  of  government  sloop  Chanticleer  to 
pecific  ellipticitv  of  the  earth,  1828;  made 
xperiments  in  the  South  Seas,  1828-9;  mea- 
ifference  of  longitude  across  the  isthmus  of 
rockets,  1830-1 ;  drowned  in  the  river  Chogres. 

[XX.  52] 
I,  JAMES  (1697-1753).  nonconformist 
nlstered  successively  at  Exeter,  Milbome 
»rd,  Trowbridge,  the  Barbican  chapel  (1724), 
i'  Hall  (1744):  a  famous  preacher:  had  con- 
ith  Tindal  and  Henry  Stebblng  (1687-1703) 
iteil  Ixjrrl  Kilmarnock  in  the  Tower,  1746  ; 
een.  1748:  published  'Discourses  on  all  the 
•anches  of  Natural  Religion  and  Social  Virtue,' 
ither  works ;   refused  the  Saltcrit*  Hall  sub- 

[XX.  54] 


FOSTSE,  JOHN  (1731-1774X  upper  master  of  Eton 
1765-73 ;  fellow  of  King's  College,  Cambridge,  and  Craven 
scholar,  1750 ;  M.A.,  1756  ;  D.D.,  1766  :  canon  of  Windsor, 
1773  ;  died  in  Germany :  published  an  essay  in  defence  of 
the  prevDiUng  aocentoation  of  Greek  against  Vossius  and 
GaUy,  1762.  [xx.  55] 

FOSTEB,  JOHN,  Baron*  Orikl  (1740-1828),  hut 
speaker  of  the  Irish  House  of  Commons,  1785-18U0 ; 
student.  Middle  Temple :  called  to  the  Irish  bar,  1766 : 
M.P.,  Dunleer,  1761 ;  oo.  Louth,  1769-1831;  chairman  of 
committees  and  Irish  privy  councillor ;  chancellor  of  the 
Irish  exchequer,  1784,  when  his  com  law  was  passed,  and 
after  the  union,  1804^  and  1807-11 ;  EngUsh  priv>'  coun- 
cUlor,  1786 ;  opposed  Roman  Catholic  Relief  Bill,  1793 : 
and  made  able  speeches  against  the  nnlon,  1799-1800 ; 
entered  the  imperial  parliament;  created  peer  of  the 
United  Kingdom,  1831.  [xx.  56] 

FOSTER,   JOHN    (1770-1843),  essayist  and    baptist 
minister ;  a  republican  and  severe  critic  of  the  system 
of  ecclesiastical    institutions ;  published  '  Essays,'  1804, 
contributions  to  the '  Eclectic  Review,'  and  other  works. 
[XX.  67] 

FOSTER,   JOHN   (1787 ?-1846),   architect;    studied 
under  Wjratt  :  discovered  sculptures  of  pediment  of  temple 
of  Athene  at  .^^ina ;  designed  Liverpool  custom  house. 
[XX. 59] 

FOSTEE,  JOHN  LESLIE  (d.  1843),  Irish  judge; 
LL.D.  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  1810 ;  BJl.,  1800 ;  called 
to  Irish  bar,  1803;  tory  M.P.  for  Dublin  university, 
1807-13,  Yarmouth  (Isle  of  Wight),  1816-18,  Armagh, 
1818-30,  Louth  countv,  1824-80 ;  F.R.S.,  1819  ;  baron  of 
the  exchequer,  1830 ;  jodge  of  common  pleas,  1842 ;  pub- 
lished *  Essay  on  the  IMndples  of  Commercial  Exchanges, 
particularly  between  England  and  Ireland,'  1804. 

[XX.  59] 

FOSTEE,  Sir  MICHAEL  (1689-1763),  judge ;  entered 
Exeter  College,  Oxford,  1705;  barrister.  Middle  Temple, 
1713;  recorder  of  Bristol,  1735;  serjeant-at-law,  1736; 
judge  of  king's  bench,  1745 ;  established  right  of  the  city 
of  Bristol  to  try  capital  offences  committed  within  its 
jurisdiction  in  case  of  Samuel  Goodere  [q.  v.]  ;  at  trial  of 
Broadfoot  pronounced  impressment  to  be  legal ;  eulogised 
in  the  '  Hosciad ' ;  published  legal  works.  [xx.  60] 

FOSTEE,  MYLES  BIRKET  (1835-1899),  painter; 
engaged  independently  as  illustrator,  1846-58;  executed 
illustrations  tor  editions  of  poets  and  prose-writers  ;  de- 
voted himself  to  painting  from  1858 ;  exhibited  at  Royal 
Academy  from  1859 :  R.A>,  1868.  His  pictures,  chiefly  In 
water-colour,  were  principally  studies  of  roadside  and 
woodland  scenery.  [Suppl.  IL  230] 

FOSTEE,  PETER  LE  NEVE  (1809-1879),  secretary 
to  the  Society  of  Arts  (1853-79):  educated  at  Norwich 
grammar  school  and  Trinity  Hall,  Cambridge;  B.A., 
1830:  fellow,  1830;  barrister,  1836;  helped  to  organise 
exhibitions  of  1851  and  1862;  secretary  to  mechanical 
science  section  of  British  Association ;  a  chief  founder  of 
the  Photographic  Society.  [xx.  61] 

FOSTEE,  Sir  ROBERT  (1589-1663),  lord  chief- jusUce, 
1660-3:  barrister.  Inner  Temple,  1610;  scrjeant-at-Uiw, 
1636;  justice  of  common  pica?,  1640-3;  D.C.L.  Oxford, 
1643  ;  removed  after  trial  of  Captain  Turpln,  1644  :  during 
Commonwealth  practised  as  chamber  counsel ;  restored, 
1660,  and  made  chief- justice  for  zeal  In  trial  of  regicides  ; 
procured  execution  of  Sir  Harry  Vane.  [xx.  61] 

FOSTEE,  SAMUEL  (d,  1662),  mathematician  ;  M.A. 
Emmanuel  College,  Cambridge,  1623  :  Gresham  professor 
of  astronomy,  1636,  and  1641-62;  one  of  the  company 
which  preceded  the  Royal  Society :  pubhshed  '  The  Dse  of 
the  Quadrant,'  1624,  and  'The  Art  of  DlaUing,'  1638; 
other  works  by  him  published  posthumously,     [xx.  62] 

FOSTEE,  THOMAS  (1798-1826),  painter;  intimate 
with  Lawrence  and  NoUekens  :  executed  a  portrait  of  H.  R. 
Bishop  [q.  v.] ;  and  exhibited  at  the  Acailemy  '  Mazeppa,' 
1823,  and  'Paul  and  Virginia  before  their  Separation,* 
1825 ;  committal  suicide.  [xx.  63] 

FOSTEE,  THOMAS  CAMPBELL  (1813-1883),  legal 
writer :  barrister.  Middle  Temple.  1846  :  Q.C.  and  bencher, 
1876  :  recorder  of  Warwick,  1874  ;  leading  counsel  for  the 
crQwn  at  the  trial  of  (Charles  Psace ;  published  '  Lettcn 


FOUNTATNB! 


JifDid  :  BtUOhA  H 


did  much  u  promoff  pidLicratioD  to  UiUted  ^Ea 
HrlMih  oolonin :  imUy  \xmttai  nuwol  a\aa 
IreUiDd  :  publlolieil  mhra  dT  dmwluff  copj-booka, 
[Sappl,  U 
TOBTZB.  WALTER  (/.  IMIXmaOiHii.tii^lM 
brotbiT  of  SmoikI  FmWr  [q.  ».] ;  fello*  ol  Bw 
Oolitgt  Omnbrldgii   M.A„  IMl :  aD,  I8M;  n 

bnithcr'ii  p«per«.  [»i 

FOSTEX,  WILLIAM  (1191-mj),  divin 


imutotiior 


'-.  ol  Mer- 
ird;  B.A.  ; 
Hed^erky, 


FOUIJB.  I 
Tmrtl  Foall.  [q.  .,3  ;      _ 

[loTd,  IGCU;   Msid  of  Anlbi 
orki  a^olJuE  prrabylcrin 


FOTHSBanL,  AKTH0HT(1(U?-17«IX  Mtbor  o[ 
•  Wicked  OhriiUui  Pnotlml  AtbeliU.'  I7M,  and  1111111117 
«Ofta.  [".Ml 

TOTHZBfillL,  ANTHONY  (IT3f  ?-iaiSX  plijoldiin  : 
U.S.  niinbureta,  1703 :  studied  tito  aC  Letdni  uid  Full : 
pncttBed  >t  tiDinhUDpMii,  London.  uiJ  Batli:   (".ILS., 


pouLn,  BiH  JAMBS  (int-inii,  iifUi  b 

ODHBtm :  ooDtrUKiMd  to '  Tnuwuitkina  ol  the  AnQqiu 
Soolctjror  eooUand'  11  dlMCTtatJDii  on  Uw  origtniU 


rOTHKEOIlL,  O 

BL  BdmuDl  HbU.  Oi 
Oolite,  Oifcwd ;  M.A. 


,,  JBSSIE  (ISII-irai).  nonlitl;.  pob 

liilied,  Irom  Itif,  ooiels,  cbLeBy  depieClng  lAncutdir  uh 
YoikaUR  rulorj  lite.  [SuppL  U.  »S] 

lOHK  (ITlJ-t7eox  ptafBiciau  ;  U.E 


burgh,  17W;       _ 

L.B.QP_17M:  F.ILa.,17«3;  fel 

HallciiM  at  FuK  t71s ;  kept  up 


,    1I1>  ponnlt  bjr  Hogaith  \i 


icaClDR  Uie  repMlol  tba  SU 


niDUB.  ROBEBT  (1707-177S),  prists  (orijUullJ 
iiamal  Pnolli) ;  wliiltt  ■  b«tier-»  ■ppnatln  ■[  aiutn 
lUoided  tbe  l«tDi«  of  Fnneii  HaUbaca  (im-174«> 
[q,  t.] :  wtCli  bti  braClwr  Aadnw  vlalWd  Oif«4  ud 
Fniun,  Deflecting  nn  boots,  irtt-40 ;  bookvdFr  ad 
printei  at  Gla«a«.  ITll ;  prlDlol  tor  tba  nalnnllj  Uiir 
Bret  Onek  book  0  Demdiiiu  Plulereu  de  BIocuUhii'), 
1741,  and  Ux  ■Immualatc-  Honu«,  I7M  ;  tmed  'do- 
loiiiie  of  Boob  lat^  Importol  from  Prance.'  Uk  tat 
'lUnd,'  17".  "^  1*  Olliet  CioeroOl7«:  t 

academy,  I7M;  gained  «!■ .-1-.  .t-~t-^ 

Society  for  Ub  >maU  foil 
17H.  iiiid  Odyierar,  17M, 
qoaru  edition  of  dray. 

In  the  Uitdwll  Uhraiy,  Qlugoia'.  [11.  '■>) 

X8,  PKTKH  (117S-1747).  acboUi  anddimf. 
t  Wntmbuter  and  Ohitrt  Chnicb.  OiM: 

:  cuon  of  Bxeter.  17«;  .ol>dr«n.  17K-M; 

pobllBlial  (wltb  John  Prdud)  an  edlticmor  iEechioeiun 

bemoalhenei  de  Coront  (vrith  Utln  traoeUliUD),  lOS. 

ISHTfil.  167S),  murderer  iK^wrf 
rd ;  Tlcuof  HUntoa  I^,Sbn(>l>u*: 
I  lor  the  murder  of  hli  UlKiUn*" 


ind  ■  PandlH  LoK,'  1' 


DlEitalli ' ;  and '  The  AnlaconlBm 


(  Therapeutic  Agente,' 


FOTHSBaiLL,     8AHDEL     (171  (-1771). 
brother  of  John  PothergUI  [q.  t.]  :  ondstook  1 
to  Walea,  17»,  IreUnd,  1714  and  17B1,  Che  Units 
1714-e,aod8oottand,17M.  [i 


tieea  CarollDe  and  tutor  to  Prion  "*;■ 
tbe  mbit,  ll»7-ia  ;  formed,  wMle  m»- 
ind  Italy,  oi^loolloni  of  china,  [«»»■ 
mncb  o(  the  lonn™  aolil  at  CbrW"* 
1  of  Pope's '  DLinolad.'  C'x-  ''J 


Ung  In 
1884):  t 

POWTAIVB.  JOHN  (ie00-l«71), 


FOULIB.  ANDBBW,  the  elder  (1711-177»).  bntber 
ami  pulwr  of  Bobert  Foallt  [q.  v,] ;  nndertook  Uh 
strictly  bnilnne  Bide  of  the  pilntlng-housc.        [11.  74] 

FOULIB,  ANDBBW.  the  yoonger  (4.  1S»X  printer: 
■ou  ol  Kobert  Fonlit  [q.  i.] :  printed  edItlDUt  of  Virgil 
■ud  a  ■  Cloeco  de  OlDcUt.'  [11.  74] 

70ULIS,  SiB  DAVID,  arat  banmet  (d.  It41),  pobUchiii : 
mwt-gnndwn  of  Sr  Jamee  FonUs  (d.  IMS)  [q.  v.] :  came 
toBngluid  with  JanKil:  natnrallHd.  \tM:  anted  an 

wJaniB  I  from  Sbr  Bobert  Dafiol  [q.  v.] :  Wtular  Dnke  of 
■"-"' — ' — '  "*  i  itlamlMgil Uom the  ooupi^ Una], 


FOUVTAIBBALL,  LOBD  (litl-17n>.  tSceUirva 
PODBTAnra.  JOHN  (rf.  DM).  (See  FoiiTiBO«,Jim 


rOJUFIAYXX,  JOHN  (17H-1«H).  deu  d  Yak. 
I717-180S:  ffreBt-grandBon  of  John  Foontalm  In.  J.}: 
M.A.  St.  CsOnrliie'e  Hall,  Cambrtd«e,  17» :  D.D,  Wit; 
ouiup  of  fteliaburr,  1I!<,  of  Wjudsoi,  1711.        [m.  7*1 


POUEDMNIER 


459 


FOX 


HENRY  (1766-1864),  inventor  ;  with 
,  Sealy  Foardrinier  [q.  v.],  patented  in  1807  a 
paper-making  machine  at  a  cost  of  60,000/. ; 
arltameutary  grant,  1840.  [x%.  78] 

RINIER,  PAUL  (d.  1768),  engraver. 

[XX.  79] 

ELnriEIt,  PBTBR  (/I.  1720-1760),  engraver 
,  book  illastrations  and  arohiteotoral  workf>. 

[XX.  78] 

ELnriKR,  SBALT  (<f.  1847),  inventor :  brother 
Mirdrinier  [q.  v.] ;  shared  with  him  in  parlia- 
npenaation  for  losses  sustained.       [xx.  78] 


DANIEL  (d.  1766?),  engraver  and 
n;  pabliahed  *  Treatise  of  the  Theory  and 
PerspecUve,*  1761.  [xx.  79] 

,  FRANCIS  (1823-1866),  captain  of  royal 
d  architect ;  secretary  to  the  British  commis- 
is  Bxhibitlon,  1864  ;  with  Redgrave  designed 
inks  Gallery :  as  architect  of  the  Science  and 
ment  designed  the  Edinburgh  Museum  of 
Art,  the  enlarged  Dublin  National  Gallery, 
s  for  the  Exhibition  of  1862,  and  began  the 
ington  Museum  ;  invented  a  military  flre- 
latented  a  photographic  camera,      [xx.  79] 

,  JOHN  (d.  1663).  lord  mayor,  1663-8 :  im- 
ref  using  to  pay  tonnage  and  poundage,  1687-9 ; 
ADdon  and  leader  of  city  parliamentarians, 
and  imprisoned  for  conduct  as  commissioner 
1Mb  ;  presented  a  petition  for  peace  to  parlia- 
H.P.  for  the  city,  1661 ;  benefactor  of  Bethle- 
rifit's  hospitals.  [xx.  81] 

,  PHINBA8  (1638-1710),  London  physician; 
teens'  (Jdlege,  Cambridge,  1668 ;  B.A.,  1668 ; 
P.R.C.P.,  lt»»0.  [XX.  82] 

R,  ABRAHAM  (Jt.  1677),  verse- writer ;  edu- 
Btminster  and  Christ  Church,  Oxford. 

[XX.  88] 
B,  CHRISTOPHER  (1610?-1678),  ejected 
;.A.  Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  1633 ;  M.A.  St. 
&11,  Oxford,  1634;  took  covenant  and  held 
t  living  of  St.  Mary's,  Reading.  1643-63; 
London  ;  fellow  of  Eton  ;  wrote  against  the 
»6,  and  the  astrologer  John  Pordage  [q.  v.] 

[XX.  83] 
R,  EDWARD  (1632-1714),  bishop  of  Glou- 
.  Corpus  Christi  College,  Oxford,  1668 :  M.A. 
ege,  Cambridge,  1666  ;  rector  of  Norhlll,  Bed- 
666,  All  Hallowf,  Bread  Street,  1673 ;  D.D. ; 
racester,  1676 :  vicar  of  St.  Giles,  Cripplegate, 
jcnded  for  whiggism,  1686  ;  influenced  London 
ist  reading  Declaration  of  Indulgence,  1687 ; 
commission  for  rcvissing  prayer-book,  1689 ; 
Gloucester,  1691-1714 ;  puhlielied  a  defence 
itodinarians,  1670,  *  The  Design  of  Chris- 
1,  which  latter  occasioned  a  controversy  with 
eral  anti- Romanist  works,  and  *  Twenty-eight 
s '  in  explanation  of  the  doctrine  of  the  Trinity, 

[xx.  84] 

R,  HENRY  (1779-1838),  bynm- writer  :  mini»- 
r  Street  Chapel,  London.  1820 ;  published  an 
by  and  'Original  Hymns  .  .  .  with  prose 
1818-34.  [XX.  86] 

R,  JOHN  (1537-1679),  Rdhian  catholic  printer 
*;  educated  at  Winchester  and  New  UoUege, 
low,  1653-9;  M.A.,  1660;  printed  at  Louvain, 
ind  Dooay  many  catholic  works ;  died  at 
ited  More's  *  Dialogue  of  Comfort,*  1673,  and 
alter  for  CathoUcs,'  1678.  [xx.  86] 

R,  JOHN  (1826-1864),  inventor  of  the  steam 
h  Albert  Fry  oonduct«l  experiments  at  Bris- 
licb  resulted  the  drain  plough,  1860 ;  received 
e  of  Hoyal  Agricultural  Society  for  his  steam 
improved  in  1860  by  the  invention  of  the 
ne  tackle;  took  out  thirty-two  patents  for 
partners,  1860-64.  [xx.  87] 

R,  Sir  JOHN,  first  baronet  (1817-1898), 
3er ;  engaeed,  under  John  Urpeth  Rastrick 
London  and  Brighton  railway  ;  engineer  and 
tager  of  Stockton  and  Hartlepool  line:  con- 
ioeer  in  London,  1844  ;  designed  PimlioQ  niU* 


^vay  bridge,  1860,  and  Metropolitan  railway  from  1868  ; 
K.C.M.Q.,  1886  ;  took  into  partnership  Mr.  (now  Sir) 
;  Benjamin  Baker,  1876,  the  partners  being  mainlj 
I  responsible  for  construction  of  Forth  bridge,  1883-90 ; 
created  baronet,  1890;  member  of  council  of  Institu- 
tion of  Civil  Engineers,  1849 ;  president,  1866-7 ;  pub- 
lished professional  » Reports.*  [SuppL  il.  333] 

FOWLER,  RICHARD  (1768-1863),  physician;  MJ). 
Edinburgh,  1793;  member  of  Speculative  Society; 
physician  to  Salisbury  Infirmary,  1796-1847  ;  L.R.C.P.. 
1796 ;  F.R8.,  1803 ;  published  book  on  galvanic  experi- 
ments, 1793,  works  upon  tlie  psycholonr  of  defective 
senses,  and  '  On  Literary  and  Scientific  Pursuits  as  con- 
ducive to  Longevity,*  1866.  [xx.  88] 

FOWLER.   ROBERT    (1726?-1801),    archbishop   of 

Dublin,  1779;   educated   at   Westminster  and   Trinity 

College,  Cambridge ;  M.A.,  1761 :  D.D.,  1764  ;  chaplain  to 

!  Greorge  II,  1766 ;  canon  of  Westminster,  1766  ;  bishop  of 

Killaloe,  1771-9 ;  translated  to  Dublin,  1779.      [xx.  88] 

FOWLER,  Sir  ROBERT  NICHOLAS,  fln«t  baronet 
(1828-1891),  lord  mayor  of  London  ;  erincated  at  University 
College,  London;  M.A.  London,  1860;  entered  banking 
firm  of   Drewett   &   Fowler,   in  which  bin  father  was 

fartner;  conservative  M.P.  for  Penryn  and  Falmouth, 
86«-74 ;  engaged  in  reorganising  conecrvatire  party  in 
city  of  London;  alderman  for  Comhill  ward,  1878;  M.P. 
for  city  of  London,  1880-91 ;  lord  mayor  of  London.  1883-4, 
and  April  1886  (on  death  of  Alderman  Nottage) ;  created 
baronet,  1886 ;  published  *  Visit  to  China,  Japan,  and 
1  ndia,*  1 877.  [Suppl.  ii.  236] 

FOWLER,  WILLIAM  (/.  1603),  Scottish  poet:  driven 
by  the  Jesuits  from  France;  with  Robert  Lekprewick 
published  an  anti-catholic  tract  dedicated  to  Bothwell, 
1681 ;  secretary  to  Queen  Anne,  whom  he  accompanied 
to  England  ;  left  in  manuscript  (now  in  Edinburgh  Uni- 
versity libraiy)  *The  Tarantula  of  Love'  (seventy- 
two  sonnets)  and  translations  from  Petrarch  ;  uncle  of 
William  Drummond  of  Hawthomden.  [xx.  89] 

FOWLER,  WILLIAM  (1761-1838),  artist ;  published 
coloured  engravings  of  Roman  pavements ;  painted  glawi 
subjects  and  miscellanea  between  1799  and  1839 ;  said  to 
have  introduced  lead-lines  in  representing  coloured  glass. 

[XX.  89] 

F0WNE8,  GEORGE  (1816-1849X  chemist;  Pb.D. 
Giesscn:  chemistry  professor  to  the  Pharmaceutical 
Society,  1842,  and  at  University  College,  1846 ;  secretary 
of  the  Chemical  Society  ;  published  text-book  of  chemistry, 
1844 ;    gained   the  Agricultural   Society's  prize  for  his 

*  Food  of  Plants,'  the  Actonian  prize  for  an  *  Essay  on 
Chemistry,'  and  a  Royal  Society  medal  for  researches  in 
organic  chemistry.  [xx.  90] 

FOWirS,  RICHARD  (1660?-1626),  divine:  M.A. 
Christ  Church,  Oxfoni,  1686 ;  D.D.,  1606  ;  chaplain  to 
Prince  Henry  and  rector  of  Severn  Stoke:    published 

•  Trisagion,  or  the  Tliree  Holy  Offices  of  lesvs  Christ,'  1619. 

[XX.  91] 
FOX,  CAROLINE  (1819-1871),  diarist;  from  1886 
kept  a  journal,  and  recorded  her  intimacy  with  John 
Stuart  Mill,  John  Sterling,  and  Carlyle  (extracts  edited 
by  H.  N.  Pym,  1882);  translated  into  Italian  English 
religious  works.  [x x.  9 1  ] 

FOX,  CHARLES  (1749-1809),  Persian  scholar;  made 
tour  on  foot  through  Sweden,  Non^'ay,  and  Russia,  draw- 
ing views  on  tl»e  way;  friend  of  Southey;  assisted 
Claudius  James  Rich  and  Dr.  Adam  Clarke  in  oriental 
studies :  published  at  Bristol  '  Poems  ...  of  Achmed 
Ardebeili,  a  Persian  Exile,  with  notes  historical  and 
expUnatory,'  1797.  [xx.  91] 

FOX,  CHARLES  (1794-1849),  line-engraver:  studied 
under  William  Camden  Edwards  [q.  v.] :  assisted  John 
Burnet  In  his  Wilkie  plates ;  engraved  portrait  of  Sir  G. 
Murray  after  Pickersgill,  WilWe's  '  Village  Politicians,' 
and  'Queen  Victoria's  First  Council.*  [xx.  92] 

FOX,  Sir  CHARLES  (1810-1874),  engineer:  con- 
structing engineer  of  London  and  Birmingham  railway ; 
designed  Watford  tunnel  and  extended  line  from  Camden 
Town  to  EuBton ;  as  head  of  firm  of  Fox,  Henderson  6t 
Co.  invented  system  of  four- feet  plates  for  tanks,  and  intro- 
duced the  switch  into  railway  practice  ;  knighted  after  de- 
signing exhibition  buildings  in  Hyde  Park,  1861 ;  made  firtit 


POX 


460 


POX 


narrow-graoge  line  In  India :  bailt  the  Berlin  watenvorks ; 
employed  in  railway  constraction  in  Ireland,  Denmark, 
east  France,  Queensland,  Canada,  the  Gape.       [xx.  93] 

POX,  CHARLES  (1797-1878X  sclcntiflo  writer; 
brother  of  Caroline  Fox  [q.  v.] :  manager  of  the  Perran 
Foundry  Company,  1824-47:  a  founder  of  the  Royal 
Cornwall  Polytechnic  Society,  1838;  president  of  the 
Cornwall  Geological  Society,  1864-7,  and  Miners'  Associa- 
tion, 1861-3,  to  which  he  contributed  papers  on  boring 
machines :  edited  '  Spiritual  Diary  of  John  Rutty,  M.D.,* 
I84U.  Cxx.  94] 

FOX,    CHARLES   JAMES  (1749-1806),   statesman ; 
third  son  of  Henry  Fox,  first  baron  Holland  [q.  v.] :  while  at 
Eton  was  taken  by  his  father  to  Paris  and  Spa,  and  en- 
couraged to  indulge  in  dissipation ;  studied  (1764-6)  at 
Hertford  College,  Oxford,  and  afterwards  traveled  ;  M.P., 
Midhurst,  1768  :  mode  his  mark  by  anti-Wllkeslte  speeches, 
1769 ;    became  a  lord  of  the   admiralty   under    North, 
1770 :  made  himself  unpopular  by  speeches  against  the 
liberty  of  the  press  :  resigned,  177S ;  opposed  Royal  Mar- 
riage Bill ;  rejoined  the  ministry  as  a  lord  of  the  treasury 
within  ten  months,  but  acted  Independently,  and  was  dis- 
missed by  the  king,  1774 ;  resided  in  Paris,  1774,  and 
gambled  heavily  in  London;  joined  Johnson's    *clnb': 
obtained  some  financial  relief  by  death  of  his  father  and 
elder  brother  In  the  same  year  (1774) ;   took  leading  part 
in  opposing  North's  American  policy,  1774;    supported 
the  repeal  of  the  tea  duty,  1774  ;  moved  for  a  committee 
on  the  war,  1776  ;  continued  to  attend  during  the  seces- 
sion of  the  Rockingham  whlgs;  attacked  Lord  Gtoorge 
Germain  (1716-1785)  [q.  v.],  1777 :   rejected    ministerial 
overtures  and  definitely  attached  himself  to  the  Rocking- 
ham party,  1778 ;  attacked  the  admiralty  warmly:  advo- 
cated the  cause  of  Reppel,  1779 ;  wounded  In  a  duel  with 
William  Adam  (1751-1839)  [q.  v.]:   spoke  In  favour  of 
triennial  parliaments,  1780 ;  took  a  leading  part  In  debates 
on  economical  reform,  and  made  three  hours'  speech  In 
support  of  Roman  catholic  relief :  in  spite  of  great  pecunJaiy 
distress  refused  to  be  bribed  by  the  em(riumente  of  office : 
returned  with  Rodney  for  Westminster,  1780 ;  attacked 
the  financial  policy  of  North,  1781,  and  on  the  news  of 
the  surrender  of  Yorktown  moved  an  amendment  to  the 
address  ;  resumed  his  attacks  on  the  navy,  1782,  and  much 
reduced  the  ministerial  majority :  appointed  foreign  secre- 
tary, Rockingham  being  premier,  1782;   brought  in  the 
measures  which  created  Grattan's  parliament ;  thwarted 
in  his  foreign  policy  by  Shelbume,  the  other  secretary 
of  state :  resigned  when  Shdbnme  became  premier,  May 
1782 :  sought  reconciliation  with  Shelbnme  whlgs;  formed 
coalition  with  North  (April  1788),  becoming  joint-secretary 
of  state  with  him  under  the  Duke  of  Portland;  obtained 
parliamentary  en^nt  for  his  friend  the  Prince  of  Wales, 
and  introduced  measure  to  reform  government  of  India  by 
the  creation  of  a  supreme  council  of  seven  and  a  com- 
mercial board  of  assistant-directors  nominated  by  parlia- 
ment for  four  years ;  defeated  on  the  matter  In  the  House 
of  Lords  by  the  personal  influence  of  the  king :  dismissed 
with    his  colleague  (December  1788);    enabled    by   his 
possession  of  a  majority  in  the  (Commons  to  defeat  Pitt's 
East  India  BlU,  and  for  three  months  to  defer  a  dissolu- 
tion by  delaying  grants  of  supply;  elected  for  Kirkwall, 
1784;   at  same  time  re-elected    for  Westminster,  1781, 
although  the  return  of  the  writ  was  delayed   for  two 
sessions ;  formed  connection  with  Mrs.  Armltstead,  whom 
he  married  In  1795 ;  opposed  Pitt's  commercial  treaties  with 
Ireland,  and  (1787)  with  France,  but  supported  his  reform 
proposals:  attacked  Warren  Hastings,  1786-7,  and  moved 
an  imp^hment  on  the  Benares  charge;  as  one  of  the 
managers  of  the  proceedings  opened  the  Benares  charge  In  a 
speech  of  nearly  five  hours,  1788;  spoke  against  the  abate- 
ment of  the  Impeachment  by  dissolution  of  parliament, 
1789 ;  supported  motions  for  the  removal  of  dlssenten' dls- 
abilltlet*,  1788-9;   moved  repeal  of  corporation  and  test 
acts,  1790 :  claimed  for  the  Prince  of  Wales  an  inherent 
right  to  the  regency,  1788-9,  during  George  Ill's  first 
illness  (in  spite  of  the  deception  which  led  him  to  deny 
in  parliament,  1787,  the  Prince,  of  Wales's  marriage  with 
Mrs.  Fitzlierbert) ;  opposed  Pitt's  policy  on  the  Eastern 
question,  the  French  revolution,  and  the  treason  and 
sedition  bills  of  1795-6;  carried  a  measure  giving  juries 
f uU  powers  in  libel  actions,  1792 ;  seldom  attended  parlia- 
ment for  the  next  five  years,  but  spent  some  time  on  his 
*  History  of  the  Revolution  of  1688'  (published  after  his 
death),  and  in  literary  correspondence  with  Gilbert  Wake- 
field [q.  v.] :  his  name  nramd  from  the  privy  coimoU  tot 


giving  the  toast  *  Our  sovereign,  the  people,*  1798 ;  tooreil 
in  the  NeUierlands  and  France,  and  intenriewerl  Buona- 
parte, 1802 ;  made  three  hours'  speech  in  favour  of  peace, 
1803 :  on  Addington's  resignation  was  proposed  as  mem- 
ber of  a  coalition  ministry  with  Pitt  and  the  Grenvilieii, 
but  was  excluded  by  the  king,  1804 ;  spoke  in  favour  of 
catholic  emancipation,  1805 ;  opposed  motion  for  pabUc 
honours  to  Pitt,  1806 :  as  foreign  secretary  under  Urd 
GreoTllle    revealed   plot   to   assassinate    Napoleon,  ml 
opened  negotiations  with  France :  moved  the  abolition  (tf 
the  slave  trade  a  few  days  before  his  death.        [xx.  95] 

FOX,  CHARLES  RICHARD  (1796-1873),  numis- 
matlst :  son  of  Henry  Richard  Vassall  Fox,  third  banm 
Holland  [q.  v.] ;  served  In  navy,  1809-18 ;  eqneny  to 
Queen  Adelaide,  1830  ;  M.P.,  Calne,  Tavistock,  and  (1835) 
Stroud:  surveyor-general  of  the  ordnance,  and  aid^de- 
camp  to  William  IV,  1882 ;  general,  1868 :  died  reoerer- 
genend  of  the  duchy  of  Lancaster;  his  nnmisaatk 
collection  (described  In  his  *  Engravings  of  Unedited  or 
Rar«  Greek  Coins'  (1856,  pt  IL,  1862)  purchased  bj  tbe 
BerUn  Royal  Museum,  1878.  [xx.  US] 

FOX,  BBENEZER  (<2. 1886),  journalist ;  private  secre- 
tary to  Sir  Julius  Yogel,  1869 ;  secretary  to  the  tre&sai>- 
(New  Zealand),  1870-86 ;  wrote  in  *New  Zeahmd  Times' 
on  the  denudation  of  forests.  [xx.  113] 

FOX,  EDWARD  (1496  ?-1538),  bishop  of  Hereford, 
1535-8 ;  educated  at  Eton  and  King's  CMlege,  Cambridge ; 
secretary  to  Wolsey,  1527 :  accomptmied  Gardiner  to  Borne 
to  obtain  from  Clement  VII  the  dispensation  with  regard 
to  Catherine  of  Arragon,  1528;  D.D. ;  dected  provost  at 
King's  on  his  xvtum,  1528 ;  brought  Oanmer  Into  fsToor 
by  reporting  his  views  on  the  l^^ty  of  tbe  royal  mar- 
riage ;  intervened  between  Latimer  and  the  Romanists  at 
Cambridge;  commissioned  to  obUun  from  the  Bngliab 
universities  and  that  of  Paris  a  pronounceraont  on  tbe 

I  divorce  question,  as  well  as  to  negotiate  treaties  vitli 
France,  1632-3 ;  archdeac(m  of  Ldcester,  1581 :  desn  of 

I  Salisbuiy,  1538  ;  sent  to  confer  with  the  German  protestsnt 
divines  on  the  divorce  question,  1535 ;  while  on  a  pimilv 
mission  to  France  supported  Alane (Aleslus)  the  reformer: 

'  author   of   '  De   vera   Diilerentia   Regin    Potestatis  A 

i  Eoolesiae,'  1534.  [xx.  113] 

FOX.  ELIZABETH  VASSALL,  Lady  Holuvd 
ri770-1845),  bom  In  Jamaica ;  divorced  from  Sir  God- 
frey Webster  and  married  to  Henry  Richard  Vaasall  Pm 
[q.  y.],  third  baron  Holland,  1797  ;  presided  ovor  the  vhifT 
circle  at  Holland  House;  a  i^kilful  and  vivaoioiu,  bai 
somewhat  overbearing,  hostess;   attacked  by  Bjroo  in 

*  English  Bards  and  Scotch  Reviewers '  for  her  sappoeei 
inspiration  of  a  hostile  review ;  accused  by  Broogbsm  of 
spite  against  himself:  sent  Napoleon  message  at  Elba 
and  books  at  St.  Helena,  and  received  frcmi  him  tbe 
bequest  of  the  gold  snuff-box  given  him  by  Pins  TL 

[XX.  118] 
FOX,  FRANCIS  (1676-1738),  divine :  M.A.  St  Ed- 
mund HaU,  Oxford,  1704 ;  rector  sacoeenively  of  fioMombe 
and  Potteme;  prebendary  of  Salisbury,  1713;  vicar « 
St  Mary's,  Reading,  1726-38;  published  'The  NewTerta- 
ment,  with  references  and  notes,'  1722,  and  *  Introdnotion 
to  Spelling  and  Reading.'  [xx.  IK] 

FOX,  GEORGE  (tf.  1661),  quaker  :  *  the  yoanf;er  in 
the  truth';  adherent  of  George  Fox  (1624-1691) [q.^]: 
his  works  collected,  1662.  [xx.  181] 

FOX,  GEORGE  (1624-1691),  founder  of  the  Society 
of  Friends  ;  son  of  a  Leicestershire  weaver :  when  I8«>t 
to  a  grazier  and  wool-dealer,  left  home  and  wait  sootb. 
1643;  returned  and  wandered  about,  seeking  rdigioi^ 
advice  from  the  clergy,  1644-6 ;  first  preached  at  Dolan- 
field,  at  Manchester,  and  In  Leicestershire,  1647-6,  wba 
he  had  a  trance ;  imprisoned  at  Nottingham  for  bnivlinf- 
in  church,  1649;  his  society  of  the  'Friends  of  Truth' 
(nicknamed  quakers  by  Gervase  Bomet,  1650)  a  prote^ 
against  the  presbyterian  system,  rapidly  recruiuu  fro^n 
the  lower  middle  classes,  the  yearly  meeting  being  M 
held,  1669 ;  mode  missionary  journeys  to  Scotiand,  16ii, 
Ireland.  1669,  North  America  and  West  Indies,  1671-3, 
and  Holland,  1677-84 ;  imprisoned  at  Lancaster  axA  Scar- 
borough, 1663-6,  and  Worcester,  1673-4 ;  dial  in  London, 
bdng  buried  in  Whitecross  Street,  BunhiU  Row.    His 

*  Journal,'  revised  by  a  conmilttee  under  Penn's  sapehs- 
tendenoe,  appeared  in  1694.  His  principal  writings  are 
contained  in  *A  CoUectioo  of  .  .  .  BptsUea,'  WSi,  and 

*  Goepd  Troth,*  1706.  [xx.  117] 


'BOROB  (ISMJ-IBTIX  withor  ot  ■  -HMory 

FOX,  MOHARD(H48T-l»SB).    [S*  Poit] 

£EKRY,  flnt  B.BON  HOLLisIi  <170»-1T74). 

»dniitlBdii.Ui3ocletro[AntiqQ«rL«;  pnOlUOiBl  ■HUlmj 

BO  of  Sir  SMphen  Po.  [q,  T.] ;  >t  Eton  with 

ridins :  lulnod  blmKlf  bj  gmmUUim  lod  wait 

FOX.  ROBERT  WERE  (178B-IS77X  Kiratlflt  writer: 

titiiH  o(  OBroline  jukI  Cll»r[«  Foi  (17S;-1S7I«  [q.  t.)  ; 
F.ItS,,  18M1 ;  miulf  fiperinnntii  on  elMllcltj  of  higb- 

«-M;    »M»L]Ed   Lort   HMdiricke'B   m«iTl»ge 

ol  Ibe  «rtb.  pravlnic  that  hisl  liicrsHd  wltb  dcnlli.  bnt 

'  l.^  ^l^,it  ^SJSk^^'i  IB)  .   htiili^ 

UHjdlB  luttl  ay  Sir  Jumra  Cluk  Ron  aod  GBptain  Nbw. 

■}muter-g«Mi^l76>;  tuving 
— '■'^■Ui^fortow:  u  Botr"- 
wu  csrrlGd  Ibe  paoe 
«  tirltxsj :  crsMd  a  peer.  ITtl ;  Uh  mc 

-ZHfS'-.- 

I'The  SpeodthrUt.' 

.  .  ...        Ifl  pDTtraita,  by  Hogartb 

It  HoUBnd  HouK,  Tbkh 


rox,  SAuuBL  (UeO'isw).   [s«  fdte.i 

FOX.  BlUBOS  (1H8-Iftt!).    C6«  Four.] 
FOX,  SIR  STBFHBN  (ie>7-1718|,  s 


c  Eton  uiil  Chclsl  C 


the  unrstlDtd  tnaly  wttfa  Ami 
1$  :  hinl  priry  senl,  imfi-7  |  inti 
[  daatb  poulty  (or  ttcallb^,  IH 


I.P.,  S>Uibm7, 1 
I        FOX,  TIMOTHY  (1 

ot  Obriut'B  CoUcKC.  CoDibrldgs  ;  KjoMd  tiom  Drnftou 
nctory,  166S ;  twl«  ImpriAoued  luhler  tbe  ficbl^m  Act. 
i  tll.  136] 

I  FOX,  WILLIAU(17SS-lgtg),  foondFT  of  tbc  i<ui>l>r 
Bchoul  Societj :  ialtistcd  tha  Sandiy  kIidoIb.  Hit ;  tna- 
J  inter  or  llaptiet  Bomt  MiHlouty  Boaitj,  1797. 


n,  Kcw  Zailand.  1M3.  and  principal 
i:  pr^i«  of  Ksu   ZkIkiiiI,  I&H, 


i  JOHNSON  (179B-1S64).  pi 
pendent  coUe^  at  Homerton.  1606 ;  unitarian  diLd 


lOHN  (ISH-IES?).    tSeePojK,) 
J0H5  (Jl.  1876),  DoqconloralBt  .1i 
Kl  -.  publifltol  ■  Time,  and  tbe  Ebi 


d  b;  tbe  ■  if  ODtbly 


itbly Repository.'  \tt7\\ 
Ittoni)  pmerred  in  tbe  pobbo  libruiy.  Ply- 
LCKB  (liae-1«3t),  navigator ;   uiled    fiDm 


ci,  T.]  of  the  'Montlily  Repoeitory.*  wtleb  be  purohaaBd 

[arUniHU,  Orabb  RobiuKiD.  and  Browning :  diwuned  Mr 
be  unllarlanE  ou  ancnrnt  of  bbi  MparaUon  tram  bl>  wile 

larready,  and  Jobn  FoT«ter :  contribaled  to  tbe  -  Sunday 
^imea-    noder    D.    W.    Haryey    [q.    •.],    tbe   ■  MomlDg 

«w  Leagoe'i  addreaa  tc  the  DAtim.  IIHO ;  M.P..  Oldliain. 

lubUihed  popular  lectuics.  [m.  137] 

POX,  WILLIAM  TILBURY  (lSa6-187»),  pbjsiclan  : 

oapitali :  pabllibed  '  Skin  Diieuw.' 1864, '  Atluof 
Dlgeaaa'  lU7fi-7,  and  revi^d  Tanner'i  'Clinical 
ine,'  lBfi9  and  1870.  [!■-  'B^] 


tology ;  pbyi^cian  at 


College,  Lomlon.  IMl  ■,  F.RaP.,   1866;  Hi 
TliTtoria.  1B7U.  af  terwanlA  beoimln^  phyaltdi 


111  papeij  InRg- 


POXE 


462 


FRANCIS 


FOXE,  JOHN  (1616-1587X  martyrologiftt ;  native  of 
Boston ;  sent  to  Oxford  at  the  expense  uf  a  cltiaseu  of 
Coventry  and  of  John  Harding  or  Hawanlen,  afterwards 
princiiMd  of  Braaenose ;  fellow  of  Magdalen  Ck)Ilege,  Ox- 
ford, 1639 ;  M.A.,  1646 ;  intimate  with  Alexander  Nowell 
[q.  v.],  Latimer,  and  Tindal ;  resigned  feUowahip,  1646, 
being  onwiUing  to  conform  to  the  statutes  in  religious 
matters ;  tutor  suooessively  to  Thomas  Lucy  of  Oharleoote 
and  to  the  children  of  Henry  Howard,  earl  of  Surrey ; 
published  protestant  pamphlets;  ordained  deaoou  by 
Ridley,  1660 ;  preached  at  Reigate ;  retired  to  the  con- 
tinent, 1664:  issued  at  Strasburg  his  '  Oommentarii ' 
(earliest  draft  of  his  *Acte8  and  Monuments*);  joined 
the  Cteneva  EArty  at  Frankfort ;  on  the  expulsion  of  Knox 
removed  to  Basle,  1666 ;  employed  as  a  reader  of  the  press 
by  OporUms  (Herbst),  who  published  his  ^Ohnstus 
Triumphans,*  1666,  his  appeal  to  the  Bnglish  nobility  for 
religious  toleration,  1667,  and  the  first  issue  of  '  Remm  in 
ecclesia  geatarum  . . .  commentarii,*  1669 ;  on  his  return  to 
England  lived  first  with  his  pupil  Thomas,  duke  of  Nor- 
folk, and  afterwards  at  Waltham  and  in  Orub  Street :  or- 
dained priest  by  Orindal,  1660 ;  joined  John  Day  the  printer 
[q.  v.],  1664,  who,  in  1663,  had  printed  the  English  version 
of  Foxe's  *Rerum  in  ecclesia  gestarum  . . .  commentarii* 
as  *  Aotes  and  Monuments,*  popularly  known  as  *■  The  Book 
of  Martyrs ' ;  canon  of  Salisbury  and  lessee  of  the  vicarage 
of  Shipton,  1663  ;  objected  to  the  surplice  and  to  contri- 
buting to  the  repair  of  Salisbury  Cathedral ;  preached  at 
Paul's  Cross  •  A  Sermon  on  Christ  Crucified,*  1670,  fre- 
quently reprinted ;  published  *  Reformatio  Legum,'  1671, 
and  an  Anglo-Saxon  text  of  the  gospels;  attended  his 
former  pupU,  the  Duke  of  Norfolk,  at  his  execution,  167S ; 
buned  in  church  of  St.  Giles*,  Cripplegate.  Four  editions 
of  the  'Actes  and  Monuments'  {16M,  1670,  1676,  and 
1683)  appeared  in  the  author*s  lifetime ;  of  the  posthumous 
issues  that  of  1641  contains  a  memoir  of  Foxe,  attributed 
to  his  son,  but  of  doubtful  authenticity.  The  accuracy  of 
the  work  was  impugned  by  Nicholas  Harpsfield,  by  Robert 
Parsons,  and  by  Jeremy  Collier  in  the  *  Ecclesiastical 
History '  (1702-14),  and  by  S.  R.  Maitland  [q.  v.]  Foxe*s 
papers,  used  by  Strype  in  his  works, were  bought  by  Edward 
Harley,  earl  of  Oxforl,  and  are  now  in  the  British  Museum. 

[XX.  141] 

FOXE  or  FOX,  RICHARD  (1448  7-1628),  bishop, 
statesman,  and  founder  of  Corpus  Christi  CoUege,  Ox- 
ford ;  probably  educated  at  Magdalen  College,  Oxford ; 
onployed  at  Paris  by  Henry,  earl  of  Richmond,  in 
negotiations  with  the  French  court ;  after  Bosworth  be- 
came secretary  of  state,  lord  privy  seal,  and  (1487)  bishop 
of  Exeter ;  baptised  Prince  Henry,  afterwards  Henry  V III, 
1491 ;  bishop  of  Bath  and  WeUa,  1492-4,  of  Durham, 
1494-1601,  of  Winchester,  1601 ;  chief  Bnglish  envoy  in 
the  treaty  of  EsUples  and  •  The  Great  Intercourse  *(1496) ; 
helped  to  repel  invasion  of  Scotd  and  to  oonclode  peace, 
1497;  negotiated  marriages  of  Margaret  Tudor  with 
James  Iv  and  of  Prince  Arthur  with  Catherine  of 
Arragon ;  chancellor  of  Cambridge  University,  1600,  and 
master  of  Pembroke  College,  Cambridge,  1607-19;  nego- 
tiated alliance  with  the  Archduke  Charles  (Charles  V), 
1608 ;  one  of  the  executors  of  Henry  VIL  Fox  shared  in 
the  early  years  of  Henry  VnTs  reign  the  chief  political 
influence  with  the  Earl  of  Surrqr ;  concluded  treaty  with 
Louis  XII,  1610;  accompanied  the  army  during  the 
French  war ;  a  oommissionor  at  the  treaty  of  1614 ;  re- 
signed the  privy  seal  and  retired  from  politics,  1616; 
opposed  the  subddy  of  1628  in  convocation ;  founded  for 
the  secular  clergy  Corpus  Christi  College,  Oxford,  1616 ; 
built  and  endowed  schools  at  Taunton  and  Grantham  ; 
benefactor  of  Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  Pembroke  Col- 
lege, Cambridge,  and  other  foundations:  edited  the 
Sarum  *  Processional '  (printed  at  Rouen,  1608),  and 
translated  the  *  Rule  of  St.  Benedict  for  women '  (printed 
by  Pynson,  1617).  [xx.  160] 

FOXS,  SAMUEL  (1660-1630),  diarist:  eldest  son  of 
John  Foxe  [q.  v.]  ;  educated  at  Merchant  Taylore'  School 
and  Magdalen  CoUoge,  Oxford;  fellow,  1680-1 ;  deprived, 
1681 ;  visited  Leiprig,  Padua,  and  Basle,  1681-6 ;  M.P., 
Oxford  University,  1690 ;  his  diary  appended  to  Strype*8 
•Annals.*  [xx.  166] 

FOXE,  SIMEON  (1668-1642^  president  of  the  College 
of  Physicians  ;  youngest  son  of  John  Foxe  [q.  v.] ;  edu- 
cated at  Eton  and  King*s  CoUege,  Cambridge ;  fellow, 
1586;  M.A.,  1691;  M.D.  Padua;  fought  in  Ireland  and 
the  Netherlands ;  F.R.O.P.,  1606 ;  several  times  censor : 


treasurer,  1629,  anatomy  reader,  1630,  president,  16S4-40 ; 
buried  in  St.  Paul's.  [xz.  16«j 

FOXS,  THOMAS  (1691-1662),  physician;  mo  of 
Samuel  Foxe  [q.  v.] ;  fellow,  Magdalen  College,  Oxford, 
1613-30 ;  MJL,  1614  ;  M.D.  Oxford.  [xx.  15tij 

FOY,  NATHANIEL  (d.  1707),  bishop  of  Watofort 
and  Lismore  ;   senior  fellow.  Trinity  College,  Dublin; 
M.A.,  1671 ;   D.D.,  1684 ;  imprisoned  by  James  H  for 
sermons  at  St.  Bride's,  Dublin ;  bishop,  1691 ;  endo^ 
tree  school  at  Grantstown.  [xx.  U7] 


E,  HENRY  JOSEPH  (1778-1866),  bistorv 
cal  painter ;  bom  at  LiUe ;  exhibited  at  British  Instita- 
tion  and  Academy,  1817-64.  [xx.  IM] 

FRAIONXAU,  WILLIAM  (1717-1788X  prof«SMr  of 
Greek  at  Cambridge,  1743-60;  educated  at  Westminster: 
M.A.  Trinity  (Allege,  Cambridge,  1743;  fellow;  took 
ordors.  [xx.  IW] 


.,  Sir  ALEXANDER  (16107-1681X  phy- 
sician to  Charles  II ;  MJ).  Moutpellier,  1686 ;  F.IIC.P., 
1641 ;  elect,  1666.  [xx.  IM] 

FRAXPTOir,  JOHN  (/.  1677-1696),  merclumt; 
long  resideDt  in  Spain ;  translated  Marco  Polo's  *  Travels,' 
1579.  [XX.  1S9] 

FRAMPTON,  MARY  (1773-1846),  author  of  a  hi>- 
torically  valuable  *  Journal  from  the  year  1779  until  the 
year  1846  *  (ed.,  Mrs.  Mnndy,  1886).  [xx.  Hi] 

FRAXPTON,  ROBERT  (1622-1706),  bishop  of  Oloa- 
oester ;  graduate  of  Corpus  Christi  College,  Oxford :  bead- 
master  of  Gillingham  school ;  fought  as  a  royalist  at 
Hambledon  HiU;  chaplain  to  the  Bnglish  factorr. 
Aleppo,  1665-70 ;  famous  as  a  preachuer ;  dean  of 
Gloucester,  1678 ;  bishop  of  Gloucester,  1680-91 :  directed 
his  clergy  not  to  read  Declaration  of  Indulguice,  aad 
signed  bishops'  petition ;  one  of  the  seven  bishops  com- 
mitted to  the  Tower,  1688 ;  deprived  as  a  nonjuror,  1691, 
but  allowed  to  retain  living  of  Standish ;  Queen  Anne 
offeanad  to  translate  him  to  Hereford.  [xx.  U9] 

FEAXPTOir,  TRBGONWELL  (1641-1727X  'father 
of  the  turf';  devoted  to  hawking,  1670;  played  high  at 
his  house  at  Newmarket,  and  won  many  horse  rsces: 
Hawkesworth's  story  of  his  cruelty  to  his  horse  Dngon 
unfounded ;  his  match  with  Sir  William  StrioUand  8ai<l 
to  have  originated  the  act  forbidding  recovery  of  betting 
debts ;  from  1696  trainer  of  the  royal  horws  at  Newmarket. 

[XX.  161] 

FSAKYHOHAM,  WILLIAM  (1612-1537X  author 
of  Latin  tractates;  educated  at  Pembroke  and  Qneeos' 
Colleges,  Cambridge ;  M.A.,  1683 ;  friend  of  John  Csios 
[q.  v.] ;  wrote  tracts.  [xx.  163] 

FBAHCATELLI,  CHARLES  BLM^  (1806-1876), 
cook  ;  pupil  of  Careme  ;  manager  of  Crockford's ;  msitre 
d*h6tel  to  Queen  Victoria :  chef  de  cuisine  at  the  Reform 
Club ;  manager  of  Freemasons*  Tttvem ;  published  the 
*  Modem  Cook,*  1846,  and  other  culinary  haudbookB. 

[XX.  m 

FBAHCE,  ABRAHAM  (/.  1587-1633).  [See 
Frauxck.] 

FBAHCIA.  FRANCOIS  LOUIS  THOMAS  (177J- 
1839X  water-colour  painter ;  son  of  a  refugee :  exhibitei 
at  the  Royal  Academy,  1796-1821 ;  one  of  Girtin's  sketch- 
ing society ;  secretary  of  Water-colour  Society  ;  instructed 
R.  P.  Boningtou  [q.  v.]  at  Calais,  where  he  died. 

[XX.  16J1 

FSAKOILLON,  JAMES  (1802-1866X  legal  v^ter: 
barrister,  Gray's  Inn,  1833;  Glouoestershire  district 
county  court  judge,  1847 ;  died  at  Lausanne ;  pabliw 
'  Lectures  in  English  Law,'  1860-1.  [xx.  164] 

FEAHCIS,  ALBAN  (d.  1716),  Benedictine  of  St 
Adrian's  Abbey,  Lansperg,  Hanover ;  missioner  iu  Otm- 
bridgeshire,  when  the  vice-chancellor  of  Cambridge 
was  removed  for  refusing  to  admit  him  to  a  degree 
without  administering  tests.  [xx.  164] 

FEAHCIS,  ANNE,  Mrs.  (1738-1800X  poetess;  nit 
Gittins :  published  *  Poetical  TranRlatlou  of  the  Soug  o( 
Solomon,'  with  introduction  and  notes,  1781,  and  other 
poems.  [xx.  166] 

FRANCIS,  ENOCH  (1688-1740),  Welsh  baptbt: 
moderator  of  the  association  atHoigoed,  1730 ;  publtf^hed 
iievotional  works.  [xx.  166] 


PBASOie 


FRASSULSfO 


I,  PHANCIS  (lan-liMS).  wrlUroa  uinl 
Una'tdliDf  or   the  •  Pii 

„    I.  W«»     AUOCLtlOD. 

plu  oT  NiilDiu]  rub-Calton  Aanolsl 
dirvtdr  of  Brfffhlon  Aqiuriom;  raomtH 
imlnlon,  IStt-iQ;   pgbliilHd  -Ibc  Pnc 


awrn  of  BvuMs.  INS-4  :  f 
Bonl  iDatitation  of  Sontb  Wsli 
ntnct  (1301)  oIKdwud,  pitnn 


B  WILLIAM  ( 


itaiogoB  of  BritUb „_  ._„    

«  BrlUsti  Fenu;  lSt7,  ud  -Oliaiilal  Eipni- 

OB.  JAMBS  aoODAU.  (Iglt-lUU).  An>- 
■tennui ;  teetkd  In  TwduiIk,  IBS4;  aJtet- 
oftd  IB  KdbmmK:  cHraotor  al  Bank  of  New 
■I,  lau:  noUmt  of  stumba  of  ooramcm. 
notaclu  Lggidalin  AMonblj  fllUrD  jmn: 


FHILTF  (ITMf-inS).  mlM 
■risitT  Oall«f.  DnbllD.  im  ?  kc 
lOlMonUloid^lTfl;  u  pr1> 
mUiu  Fax  twigbt  Cbu-ln  Juin 


R  PHILIP  (1^40-I"1S).  npatal  ■Dthor 
nlM';  KKi  of  PhiUp  PruicH  [q.i.l; 
Paul'.    School  wttb  WmlfBll.  Juiilufi 


L  ElDbert  Wooil.  nwrcbtry  ol 


botcd  to  tbepnea  oe 

t  OB  U»  [stter^  r«D 
'  oewl;  oppoLotal  c 
iDdlL  1TT4;  oppwi 


tng.!,  1700, 

■PD  of  irgi. 


4  *4A]UL  Hafld  htffl,  Ul 

!ot.iJB7:«(oiradeTol  _.  ..  , 

JU ;  Eu^  elKbonte  apsch  upon  iDd' 
with  Fox  ffir  tcfuli^  to  ippoint  hi 
c  with  Prinor  Regent;  cnsUd  K.C.E 
!□  Tajlor  altli '  Jua[ai.'  181B :  pnblUli 


n.tatrto 


(;u>i»t  ud  " 

unty  ol  poHUod  uttito 

UK  FrudKan  tbenj' i) 
llEt  vul  WoolteU.  toll  I 


a '  ( H  nt  le tUr.  1T«8,  iHt,  ITTl) 

Uw  nmanl  of  Frudc,  toi 
•r  WoodbU,  ditplijiDR 


If  Unit  nDthcinblp  t^ 

■endlblc  BnllniKiat 

' ~-~—  ~M^  ..    ...»..'■  frfcDdl   ud   bOM- 

!!"".  [.».  ni] 

PSAinitB.  THOMAS  {if.  It7t(.  praidnt  nt  tbf  Cid- 
c  of  Fhy«lcian>.  IMH  :  M.O.  rbrlnl  ChuRh,  OifonL 
iS;  rrg|p»  protHwor  of  mBUolna,  19u-«1  :  praioM  dI 
««■»,  IMI-S;  pbiijIcUD  Id  onl(o»ry  to  Qam  Xlla- 
■M.  [,i.  18ttJ 

FKAHOiadlTS    I  SIVCTl  Oun*  (]«8-ieM).    [Bh 


HB.    JfJHN    (I7B0-1MI1.  Kulptor:    pi.pil  el 
BihtWtJd   It  tbo   Boml    Anulamy.    18JO-6*. 
iaclikle  bond  of  Ulu  Horatln  Ncfton.  Qusn 

■rioce  ALbwt.  iddtha  Dubiol  Wdll«[10B. 

'Da  Kalura  Dsonun.'  1741:  arodnHiil   thm  plava,  lo- 
ulrallog  tbe  -Karl  ol  Warwick'  {artol  at  Drary  Lana 
IMG):  Mlted  'Tl..  Caitiod,'  l717-^  ud  oootdhutid  to 
amoUelfs'Oriticnl  R*rtow.'                             («.  181] 

aS.JO[IN(IBII-lBBti.publl>h«a[thF''Atbni' 
:1-H1:    in   DbintE    ol    axnDierclia  alldn  of 
ri  Qonla  ■  from  1871 :   look  lexltns  p«t  In 
or  np«]  of  dial  ratrlctioni  on  tba  pn«. 

TRAXOKUX,    WILLIAM  (17aa-l»l»),  ortMlnllit: 

' '  Hlitoi7  ol  tbe  R^nn  of  Sbah-Aolna 


n1  money;  bin 'Cooraeof  Sermoni' (lua) 
I  ■  LIbmtj  of  AnKlo-CathoHc  Theology.' 
FEAXXLAm, 


E 

IStr  :  iitQilt 


EDWA  RD  ( I8I»- I'M),  ohemlit ; 

Pnutlcal  Oeology.  Lo^din.  Mi:  F.CA. 
1  Dnder  Bimn  at  Uarborg,  1H7 ;  PbJ>. 
t ;  pmfaaHir  nl  idwniliiTT  at  Pnloey  OoUeg< 
Inwrlnr.  IHO.  uid  at  Dweoa  OollagB.  Mu- 
ll m9l■11b^  IWT :  l»- 


irer  oil  chemlitry,  BL  Bartbi 
M7 ;  pnbmir  of  thoofeCcj  a 
nd  at  Royal  College  of  Owmi: 


Uejti  iDitUuUan.  ieU-8, 
try.  lUfi ;  lerred  on  royal 

, IromlMBS:  DXJ.UOifDid, 

Bdlnbuntb,  IBM;  pnaldeut  of  Cliemloal 
I  and  1871-1.  and  of  Initltnta  of  Gbemlitry, 
.B.,  1897:  made  notable  oontribuUoni  tn 
iBtrj.  HU  worta  LncludB  ■  BiperlDient*! 
Pure,  AppllBL  and  Pbyaioil  Obcmiitry,' 

"^^ "  "'■  "  ISuppL  &  M7] 

J0009A    or    JOYDEI   ll«31-ieB7h 


FKARXLUTD, 
ejccled  iTUDi  jian 


omanuel  Collcfrt«.  I'mnbrldge :  bene- 

■[II.  IBJ] 
RICHARD     (IGia-ig<)l>.     nonnn. 
t«)  at  Gbrtat'a  CkiUfgit  C&mbridge : 
■1    prenbytoTliu]   ordlDAtlon.    11101; 


FRAKKT.AND 


464 


Jb'liiAfl  HiHi 


and  medical  stadents  at  BathmeU,  from  which  nortbon 
dissenting  miniatera  were  chiefly  recruited,  1670 ;  removed 
to  Natlnnd,  1674,  and  afterwards  to  other  places  ;  exoom- 
munieated  for  instigation  of  first  nonconformist  ordina- 
tion in  Yorkshire,  1678;  retamed  to  Rathmell  1689; 
again  excommunicated,  but  absolved  by  order  of  Wil- 
liam III :  presided  at  Wakefldd  conference  of  presbyte- 
rians  and  independents,  1691 ;  had  a  friendly  interview 
with  Archbishop  Sharp,  1698.  [xx.  186] 

FBAKSLAND,  THOMAS  (1633-1690),  impostor  and 
annalist;  fellow  of  Brasenose  College,  Oxford,  1664; 
M.A.,  1655 ;  renounced  holy  orders  to  practise  medicine ; 
ejected  from  the  College  of  Physicians  as  a  pretended  M.D., 
1682;  published  anonymously  *  Annals  of  James  I  and 
Charles  I,*  1681.  [xx.  189] 

FEANXLAND.  Sir  THOMAS  (1717  ?-1784),  admiral ; 
commanded  frigate  on  Bahama  station,  capturing  many 
vessels  and  privateers,  1740-5  :  as  commodore  at  Antigua, 
1755,  reported  on  conduct  of  Sir  ThcMnas  Fye  [q.  v.] ; 
M.P.  for  Thirak,  1749-84.  [xx.  189] 

FRANKLIH,  Mrs.  ELEANOR  ANNE  (1797  ?-1825), 
poetess  ;  n^  Porden :  married  Mr.  (afterwards  Sir  John) 
Franklin,  1823 ;  chief  work  *  Cceur  de  Lion,'  an  epic,  1822. 

[XX.  190] 

FRANKLIN,  JANE,  Ladt  (1792-1875),  nSe  Griffin : 
married  Sir  John  Franklin,  1828 ;  travelled  in  Syria  and 
Asia  Minor,  and  with  her  husband  in  Van  Diemen's  Land, 
Australia,  and  New  Zealand,  giving  much  attention  to 
female  convicts ;  fitted  out  five  ships  to  search  for  Frank- 
lin, and  reodved  the  founder's  medal  of  the  Geographical 
Society,  1860 :  sent  out  the  Pandora  to  make  the  north- 
west passage,  1875.  [xx.  191] 

FRANBUK,  Sib  JOHN  (1786-1847),  arctic  explorer ; 
midshipman  in  the  Polyphemus  at  Copenhagen,  1801 ; 
assisted  Matthew  Flinders  [q.  v.]  in  his  observations  in 
the  South  Pacific ;  took  part  in  Commodore  Sir  Nathaniel 
Dance's  [q.  v.]  engagement  with  Linols,  1804 ;  at  Trafalgar 
in  the  Bellerophon;  wounded  in  the  Bedford  near  New 
Orleans,  1815 ;  commanded  the  Trent  in  Bnchan's  arctic 
expedition,  1818 ;   headed  expedition  of  1819-2S,  which 
traversed  North  America  from  Fort  York,  at  the  mouth 
of  the  Ndson  river,  to  the  mouth  of  the  Coppermine, 
where  it  embarked  on  the  Arctic  Sea  and  sailed  eastward, 
returning  through  the  *  Barren  Grounds '  to  Fort  Pro- 
vidence and  York  after  terrible  privations;  elected  F.R.S. 
and  promoted  to  post  rank  on  his  return ;  conducted  a 
second  expedition,  1825-7,  which,  by  way  of  New  York, 
Lake  Huron,  the  Great  Bear  Lake,  and  the  Mackenzie 
river,  reached  Giurry  Island  in  the  Arctic  Sea,  and,  after 
wintering  at  Fort  Franklin  (Great  Bear  Lake),  divided, 
the   whole  expedition   ultimately    reaching    Montreal; 
knighted,  1829;  hon.  D.O.L.  Oxford,  1829;  commanded 
Bainbow  frigate  on  coast  of  Greece,  1830-3;  as  lieutenant- 
governor  of  Van  Diemen's  Land  did  much  to  humanise 
the  convicts,  1837-43 ;  started  with  the  Erebus  and  Terror 
on  his  last  expedition.  May  1845,  to  make  Behring's  Strait 
from  Cape  Walker ;  last  sighted  at  the  entrance  of  Lan- 
caster Sound  on  26  July  1846.    Supplies  were  sent  out 
under  Sir  John  Richardson  (1787-1865)  [q.  v.],  1847,  and 
many  relief  expeditions  followed.    Ommanney  discovered 
traces  of  ships  and  provisions  on  Beechey  Island,  1850, 
and  further  intelligenoe,  with  r^cs,  was  obtained  from  the 
Eskimos  by  Rae,  1864.    Subsequently  Sir  Leopold  McClin- 
tock,  in  Lady  Franklin's  yacht,  the  Fox,  came  upon  boats, 
skeletons,  ai^  a  paper  stating  that  the  ships  had  been 
deserted,  22  April  1848,  after  nineteen  months  in  the  ioe, 
that  Franklin  had  died  11  June  1847,  and  that  the  rest, 
uuder  Crozier,  had  reached  69<*  37'  N.,98<*  41'  W.  Accounts 
of  his  first  two  expeditions  were  published  by  Franklin 
(1823  and  1828),  who  has  since  been  recognised  as  the 
discoverer  of  the  north-west  passage.  [xx.  191] 

FEANKLIN,  ROBERT  (1630-1684),  nonoonformist 
divine;  tutor  of  Jesus  College,  Cambridge;  vicar  of 
Wtistiiall,  1659-62  ;  ejected,  1662 ;  imprisoned  for  preach- 
inq: ;  left  manuscript  autobiography.  [xx.  196] 

FRANKLYN,  WILLIAM  (1480  ?- 1656),  dean  of 
Wiu<Lsor,  16oG:  olucated  at  Eton  and  King's  College, 
Cuiitbriii^'o ;  B.C.L.,  1604;  chancellor  of  Duriiam,  1614; 
nroli'leaoou,  1515;  active  in  war  with  Soots,  assisted  in 
trwiiy,  1634;  probcudary  of  Lincoln,  1518,  and  rector  of 
Ho'.iirhton-le-Spring ;  president  of  Queens*  College,  Cam- 
bridge, 1526-7  :  alienated  deanery  revenues,     [xx.  197] 


7SANEB.  Sir  AUGUSTUS    WOLLASTON   (1826- 
1897X  antiquary ;  educated  at  Eton  and  Trinity  ColkKe, 
Cambridge ;  M.A.,  1862  ;  assistant  in  department  of  aoti- 
quiUes  in  British  Museum,  1861,  and  iceeper  of  depart 
ment  of  British  and  mediaeval   antiquities  tLxA  etboo- 
graphy,  1866 ;  presented  to  British  Museum  his  coUeetiuos 
of  eastern  ceramics  and  other  objects  of  art;  FJSX 
1863,   director,  1868-67  and  1873-80;  edited  'Ardico^ 
logica,'  to  which  and  to  *  Proceedings '  be  nuule  impoNtu: 
contribuUous ;  P.&A.,  1891-7;   K.C.B.,  1894;  boooni; 
Litt.D.  Cambridge,  1889,  andD.C.L.  Oxford,  1896;  PAS^ 
1874;   *  antiquary'  to  Royal  Academy,  1894;  poblifbed 
works  chiefly  relating  to  ceramics.  [SnppL  ii.  lil}] 

FRANKS,  Sm  JOHN  (1770-1862),  judge;  of  Cslcotto 
supreme  court,  1825-34 ;  of  Trinity  CoUeige,  Dablin: 
called  to  Irish  bar,  1792;  K.O.,  18S3;  intimate  witb 
Curran.  [xx.  198] 

FBANXS,  Sir  THOMAS  HARTE  (I806-I88S), 
general ;  served  vnth  10th  foot  at  Sobraon,  184C,  andivis 
wounded ;  distinguished  himself  at  the  siege  of  MiUtsn, 
1849,  and  at  Gujrat,  1849;  as  brigadier  in  oommandgoC 
4th  infantry  division  defeated  Muhammad  UoMeia 
Nazim,  but  failed  before  Dohrighat,  1868;  created  KXX& 
and  thanked  by  parliament.  [xx.  198] 

FBANSHAH,  JOHN  (</.  1753X  linendraper  and  rent, 
agent  to  Horace  Walpole ;  published  *  The  Oriterioa  ...  of 
High  and  Low  Church,'  1710,  and  '  A  Dialogue  betwea 
Jack  High  and  WiU  Low,'  1710.  [xx. »!] 

FRAN8HAH,  JOHN  (1730-1810),  freethinker :  tftcr 

writing  sermons,  acting  in  a  company  of  strolling  playen, 

enlisting,  and  working  vrith  a  weaver,  took  pupils  atNo^ 

wich,  and  taught  in  several  Norfolk  familiis,  inclodiiii? 

;  that  of   James  Stark  [q.  v.];  published  anouymoiBl; 

I  *  Essay  on  the  Oestrum  or  Enthmiasm  of  Ozphew,'  I'lOi, 

j  and  satirical  pieces;  left  in  manuscript  *MemanU)ais 

,  Classica'  (containing  *  The  Code  of  Aristopia,  or  Scbme 

of  a  perfect  Government');    the  Dr.  Emanud  Lsst  of 

Foote's  *  Devil  upon  Two  Sticks.'  [xx.  IW] 

FSABEB,  Sir  ALEXANDER  (d.  1332).  great  cfauD-      , 
,  berlain  of    Scotland,  1319-26:    fought  with  Brace  «t      l 
!  Methven,  1306,  and  aided  him  to  crush  theOnnjos;  pre- 
sent at  Bannockbum ;  married  Lady  Mary  Bruce ;  kiw 
at  battle  of  Dupplin.  [xx.  KS] 

I  F&ABEB,  Sir  ALEXANDER  (1537  ?-162S),  foaodff 
of  Fraserburgh ;  Inherited  from  his  grandfather  buotM 
burgh  of  Philorth,  establishing  (1697)  a  university  thot^ 

I  which  was  short-lived;  knighted  by  James  I;  ILPi 
Aberdeen  county,  1596.  [xx.  VS] 

7RASSB,  Sir  ALEXANDER  (1610?-1681)i  l^ 
Fraizkr.] 

FRASEB,  ALEXANDER  (1786-1865),  painter; ex- 
hibited at  the  Royal  Academy,  1810-48 ;  for  twenty  fW 
painted  details  and  still-life  in  WUkie's  piotoza:  Ui 
*  Naaman  Cured  *  proclaimed  by  the  British  Institotioo  bart 
picture  of  1842 ;  associate  of  Royal  Scottish  AoMkmj. 

[XX.  M] 

FSA8ER,  ALEXANDER  (1827-1899X  Isodfetft- 
painter;  studied  at  Trustees'  Academy,  Edinbazp: 
member  of  Royal  Scottish  Academy,  1868. 

[SuppLiLM] 

FRASEB,  ALEXANDER  GEORGE,  sixteenth  fiAK> 
Saltoun  (1785-1863),  general;  ensign,  36th  foot.  IM: 
served  with  the  grenadiers  in  Sicily,  1806,  at  OorafiSi 
1808,  in  Walcheren,  18U9,  and  in  Spain  and  France.  I'Oi- 
1814;  at  Quatre  Bras  commanded  light  compsoin^ 
2nd  brigade  of  guards ;  at  Waterloo  hdd  gartai  sad 
orchard  of  Hougoumont,  and  led  the  charge  mgaJam^  tte 
Old  Guard;  K.C.B.,  1818;  K.T.,  1862;  major^OMnO. 
1837 ;  commanded  first  brigade^nd  afterwards  the  viioto 
force  in  Chinese  war  of  1841-3 ;  Scottish  repraeotitiK 
peer  from  1807 ;  a  lord  of  the  bedchamber,  1821;  OXXEi 
1821 ;  lieutenant-generaU  1849.  [xx.  tOS] 

FRASES,  ALEXANDER  MACKENZIE  (1756-180»)k 
lieutenant-general;  son  of  Colin  Mackenzie;  entocd 
73rd  (71st)  highlandcrs,  1778,  and  was  aide-de-csiupts 
Sir  Charles  Ross  at  siege  of  Gibraltar,  1780 ;  joinei  Bos- 
shire  buffs,  1793;  as  lieutenant-colonel  distingoi^ 
himi^lf  at  Nimeguen,  1794,  and  Geldermalsen,  1795 ;  wcb( 
to  the  Cape,  1796,  with  the  2nd  battalion  78th,  rsiMi 
by  himself ;  !*erved  against  Mahrattas,  1798-9;  majof- 
gcueral  and  M.P.  for  Cromarty,  1802 ;  asanmed  nauR  cC 


* 


E^iptlu  eiptdltlon.   leoT :  led  dlTiili 
Oa,  null  In  Wnl^lienn  eIpcldlUlll^  180*. 

Em,  ANDREW  {It.  I79IX    [S«  FBlzun.] 

ES,  ARCHIBALD  OAMPBULL  (1/ae-ISU),  i  r-,^' 

Lth  Miohlmi:  son.  by •"  -"-  -•  =' ' 


i  Aberdaen,  l«!6  ;  ImpriKDtd 
IttI ;  preaobcd  In  CoddhiI 
ktHrtfwBarolatlon. 


id  dvporled  to  New  Jmwt, 
It  i  ntiuati  (o  SooUud 


OOl^ltll    of 


l>  LlbniT,  Oitoid.  UHl  wrm  reoioved  tti 
Jbrmry,  1S7>:  pabllflbgd  'History  of  Nadir 
L  [fliippl.  U.  3M] 

a.  JAmsOTOO-nM^acottiih divine:  ailed 
t  PncALZiAN  :  ton  of  Jobn  Fnwr  <d.  irii) 
•tbjrtcrlui  mlnlBier  of  Alnoo,  17U ;  pabElibot 
ia»  Doctrine  of  SuxtlflatloD,'  1771. 

[.I.  WB] 
X,  JA3IE8  (if.  1S41).  pabU^bcr  in    Itdfmt 
idoa  :  [wbUibea  ■  ftuer'i  UigulDc,'  1S3U-49,  i 
I  lUutrioni  UteniT  Cbvtclen,'  IHJO-S,  uid 
Jem™.-  [II.  *08]      , 

a,  JAMES  (1B1B-18M).  bUhopof  MnuchBiter : 
it  BridgDortb  HDd  Bbrrvflbarr  ttohoDlB  and 
•Uett.  Oifnrd;  Inlud  Bbolv,  1H3S  :  Idlo'v 


JOHN  (17U-18I1), 
r7~M-M  ;  tnroDgbt  fnm  naad*  tt 


I  Tirtkrimo  cbfnita, 


JOHN  (I'M-IMI),  gmgral; 
7trd  (71a)  higbluden,  1778 ;  l«t  hli  rigbb  leg 
ilegeotOlbniltvillBO-I:  lodgs-tdnnUg  kt  □! 
ITH-S:  Dommuder  of  toj^  \Ma,a  corui,  g 
dcftodlng  Qom,  ISO! :  geniu*],  lUB :  Q.O.H..  18 

FIUBXK  ai  FKAZZK,  J 


I  Zoologlail  Bodetj; 


>t  BiiT,  King"!  Dountj  :  | 
.  1W«X  u 


o  Nlgv  eipedlUon, 


TnatiK  on  CLe  Law  at  Scotlud  u  ipi^liabls  to  tha 
•ftwdiI  and  DDnmtlc  BsliUorw.'  IMS,  wllb  olhcr  le«U 
rorlDi.  [«.  »11] 

nUBZX,  BOBBBT  {17M-K»X  SooCUib  poet :  editor 
f  ■  HfE  Herald.'  18S§-B,  [ii.  116] 

PBABE&,   BOBSBT  WILLIAM  {1810-1876),  SoottUb 
ivlne  and  autbor;  mlnliUr  al  Burntlfland,  18tS,  ot 
7B ;  pubUihed  '  Bli'moita  ot 
I  KiA  and  tbe  Manae.'  IHT, 
tunliil.'  18«8,  and  deTotioaaJ  worka. 

welftb  ^"'  "V 

Intriguer;  gndoaled  at  Ktng'i  Oillegv. 
BOCeptfld  cominilaion  ■□  Teglmcnt  of  Lord 
irdtDukeot  Atlio]l)DnthaaHaranuetliat 


d  Salford  palntJiur 


fled  to  France.  17 


I  creed:  nupponal  li 

the  Hoai.0  of  L 

871:    benefacto 

I.    JAMES    BAILL 

S  fI78J-I8MX 

:  witb  bl>  broiher  W 

and  Nepal  u  far  a> 

lUibed'MiAluyUni 

««,C.B.-IMi:.nd 

»orta  d»=riptl. 

S  STUART  (17H3'18«S),  gi 
J  of  Madja«  olOcen  :  pr^va 


icobkte  plot :  ftoflpectod  b; 
d  In  LoodoD.  but  wheo  r 


deprived  of  regimental  ooiuDiAnd 
Ihoiigb    Inkewarm    In    hla  euppo 

Bdellt;  ot  tbe  <^lui ;  wsp^  lo  I 

beheaded  lor  bigb  tr«i-Dn.    Tnati 
•xlth  tbe  DawB^r  Uidy  Lovat. 
during  ber  lifetime,  and  was  incc 
wife. 
!        TRASKK,  SIMON  Id.  i;;7).  br 

Loubbur^,  17B8.ai>d  Quebec:  <  " 


FREER&IBN 


HfigliU. 
rRABl 

llCuUrunt' 


1  HI  brigiidler  with  Bareojnc  won  yict 

,    BIUON    (HM-UM),    llBslfT   of  Loi 
]  Lov'iit  [q.  v,l :  bV  bis  (nlber't  inslnioU. 


for  tbewidoirol  CoUn  Onmptiell  ot  Gtenare  a^ntt  Jama 
aUwiirt  of  Ancbgni,   I'M  ;    ralHd    Fnuer    hlghUodm 

txHDE  iioinx'tel  dnrlng  tbe  >lr«i!  of  QoeIjk  ;  biigadlcr- 
gcnmil  la  Portaml,  ITS);  tU|W-?enen1  In  Che  Porta- 
RdCfe  HTDi)' :  mn^or-^airal  tn  the  Bdlisb  anny.  1T71 : 
hi"  eatatcs  twlorai  on  miTncnt  of  ■  Ono;  nlnal  71it 
falKbliiDderi  for  Lhe   AchtIisd   v-or  ;    ILP.,   InnmBH 


■on  of  ArchlUtU 
luun  Galley  L" 


■HON  (17as-180!),  ILmlopant-oolooel 
_  Cunpbdl  rata  [q.  t.]  ;  enUied  Wu 
:!<>[>},  l7M,  Linrolii'i  Inn,  17»l,  uid  t) 


[...  S071 
T.]  In  Qunidi 


(rf.  1M7),  chai 


■ml  rnnoe  Blwanl  of  EoBtand;  in>ltal  BlKanl'l''™^ 
France  U>  obbUn  aid  for  thit  lattir  from  Philip  IV  :  died 

FKASBS,  WILLIAM,  eUTcnth  Bmoit  Saltocx 
fleBt-171s),  aiunHdal  bu  tcnndlBtber.  IBS):  teliel  and 
impriwoedinthe  inland  of  AI|^  by  Simon  FmBer,  twelftli 
baron  \jOvnt  [q.  y-].  on  acconot  of  bia  nUeinpt  to  obtaiji. 
bx  the  marria^  of  hiaeldnt  hon  to  BtDllia  Pntor,  beireai 
of  HLitfh,  baroD  Lovat.  Che  Loval  barony,  1697;  vfTote  a 
IragniEnt  of  hmtlj-  history.  [xi.  MB] 

FRASSa.  WILLIAM  (t  Ja»  J-ISISX  Indian  otvlllBn  ; 
brother  of  Jamee  Dalllie  Frawr  [q.  t,]:    Kcretary  f: 


of  the  nawab  of  Fimpur. 


'HAflSB.WILLIAK(]al7-18TeXa]acatUniali>C;  u 
l-maiter  In  Cba  Olanflow  Normal  Bemlpatj  anlnted 

xsh  miniiter  at  l^iiley,  lfllO-79:  madft  valuable  eiig- 

tanB  In  bi>  'State  of  our  Kdneatlonal  Bnterprlm.' 

:  LL.D.  (rlasgow.  XHlt.  [in.  IK] 

'K&axa.  SiH  WILLIAU  (iais-lg»B).Bi.'otll>h  ixnm- 

^  It  and  nntiqnary:    solicitor  In    BdinbUTgfa,  IIUI  ; 

deputy-keeper  of  earinet,  IMS-BO;  depnlj-keepor  of  re- 

wnlt,  laso-flj;   LL.D.  EdinburMh.  IMf;    K.C.B„  1B87: 


grnpbj  a 


BllDburBh:  pDblltlKsil  elaborate  a 


[SDpput'iWl 

FSASSZ,     am    WILLIAM    AXiaVlfTUa.     fourth 

terDDetfUOE-lflsB},  poliCloian;  Bnccnded  Co  baronetcy, 

ISM :  elncaUd  aC  Ktoo  ami  OhriBt  Ohoreh,  Oxford  ; 

U.A.,  16M;  gaietted  cnmeC.  lit  life  enaidi. 

Uln,  18(31   oonawvatlw  M.P.  for  Sanuta 
Lodlmr,  IMl-l.  and  KIddermiiuter,    1974-1 
1«M;  publiibtd  aneodotlD  ailvelianla  on  contempoi 
biatory-  [SuppL  11.  Ht 

TKAUXCS.   ABBAHAH    |X.  lseT-iei3),  poet: 
low  o(  Bt.  JohaV  Oollfge,  Cambridp:,  1680  :  M.A,  IE 


lutaple,  l8C7~i 


fiotj-don 


ibllshHl  in  EngHib  beiameters  "Tbe 
oltH  Toycharch  ■  nrycbareh),  two 
J>  Dale'  (Ft.  Ul.  Ed  Irretitircb,  UM), 


FBAxntETtTB,  SiMOX  (jf.  IJOO).    ISee  SI 
PSAZES,  ANDREW  III.  i;»t).  linutenant-i 


SlMi 


>N  (I77a-ii»i 
T  [q.  T.] :  "nte^  1^ 
-iiuery,  kivi-.  oommaiHiHi  artillerj  at  Bueil04  Afm, 
«7,  and  bom  artillerr  ou  WelllngtonV  rtaH  i>  Oc 
entoeala  and  at  Waterloo,  ISIA-lt:  K.C.B.,  llll; 
.1LS.,1B1B;  colonel,  18SS ;  director  of  Boyal  [^lioniWT, 

FKAZSB,  WILLIAU  (d.  in7).    [Bee  Frixol] 
FSBAKE,  BDUITin>(l61«T-ie9l),bi>taopof  Hoebit- 
!r(La7:>,KorviifbriB7«).andWonwtcT^ltHll:iwai<l 

FKRAZS,  JOHN  (I688-17M).    [See  Fbekk.] 
FREDSBIOA  OHAALOTTE  ULRICA  CATHEBIIl 


(1 787-1 f 

and  Albuiy»  t7ftl ;  aeparatol  from  hi 
FBEDEKIOE,  SiINT  (d.  8S8). 


[Bee  CluDiolniim. 


or  of '  DeaoriptKin  ot  Ooraica ' :  dnedW 


OonliH  Cq.  T.l :  oams  to  Euglaiid,  t  1 
to  ^^arrlek,  MHDklin,  and  Alexajuer 
wante  llrAt  baixm  Lon^hboroogb  [q-  v,7 ; 
gf  tbQ  Grnvi  Dnke  of  Wurtembe^ ;  endr 

flTiancial  »trait^  shot  himself  in  the  porcb 

FKSDBKIOK   AOOTFBTUS,    DtKH 
Albaki  (17G3-1B3T),  aecood  hiu  ot  (Jeor» 


fttlSLi 


*  Wllllani 


I.  l7»i,COI 


pedition,  1799;  gave  ilp  bishopric  of  Oinabnr^,  IWI;  i*' 
moved  from  had  of  the  army  in  eoiueqoaice  of  Ot 
oomluot  of  hl4  miMnsB,  Hary  Anne  Clarke  [q.  v.],  IWl 

against  catb'olio  emanPlpaUon,  18SS.  [«.'»] 

FSEDXBim  tava,  Pris™  nv  WAtES(17«-17H), 
fatberofiieor^Iil;  bom  at  Haoorer;  enatcdni1*» 
Olouoeater,  1717,  of  RUnbingh,  l-«7;  crmUd  Prtoai* 
Walei.  1779;  his  prD{ectal  marriage  nith  tbe  [da^ 
royal  ot  PniMia  IrnstiaCed  by  Oeoifie  11:  wnileffla- 
ipirsl '  HltUiIre  du  Prioce  TiCi,'  I7U,  a  caticatun  <<  U> 
Intheramlniolber;  eupportedBuoDODClnlagaliirtHviM: 
-'  "-= Augualsol  Saae  Ootha,  17M-  -'— ' 


FRBEBURN 


467 


FRENCH 


IVBF.  JAMES  (1808-1876),  inventor  of  meUl 
fiUMB  for  exploding  live  shelis ;  served  in  ronl 
in  West  Indies,  1837-40.  [xx.  238] 

CB,  WILLIAM  (1669-1744).    [See  Prekb.] 

JH6,  Sib  FRANCIS  (1764-1886),  postal  re- 
elped  Palmer  in  improving  his  mail  coach 
B6 :  for  many  yean  secretary  to  the  general 
;  created  baronet,  18S8.  [xx.  S39] 

JVO,  Sot  OBOBGE  HBNBT  (1789-1841),  oom- 
it  cxBtoms,  1886-41 ;  son  of  Sir  Francis  Free- 

[XX.  389] 

lAV,  EDWARD  AUGUSTUS  (1823-1892), 
JUL.  and  probationary  fellow.  Trinity  College, 
4i :  honorary  fellow,  1880 ;  published  *  History 
elm«,*  1849  ;  regular  contributor  to  'Saturday 
9f§-78  :  examiner  in  school  of  law  and  modem 
.  Oxford,  1867-8,  1863-4,  and  1873;  honorary 
Eord,  1870,  and  LL.D.  Oambridge,  1874  :  served 
oommisWon  to  inquire  into  constitution  and 
t  ecclesiastical  courts,  1881-3:  lectured  in 
les,  1891-2 :  regins  professor  of  modem  history 
1884-92 ;  honorary  LL.D.  Edinburgh,  1884.  His 
ode,  *  History  and  Conquests  of  the  Saracens,' 
xny  of  Federal  (government,*  only  voL  i.  pub- 
3,  'History  of  Norman  Conquest,*  1867-79, 
*f  the  English  Constitution,'  1872,  *  Historical 
'Of  Europe,*  1881-2, '  Chief  Periods  of  European 
886,  and  '  History  of  Sicily,'  1891-2. 

[SuppL  iL  247] 
lAH,  JOHN  ifl.  1611),  divine ;  fellow  of  Trinity 
ambridge,  1683;  mX,  1684;  published  'The 
,'  1691.  [XX.  289] 

lAV,  JOHN  (>C  1670-1720X  historical  painter  ; 
aae  FoUer  [q.  v.] ;  was  latterly  scene-painter  to 
zden :  probc^ly  not  identical  with  the  artist  of 
of  Loxd  Lovat.*  [xx.  239] 


PHILIP  (1818-1876X  archdeacon  of 
166;  B.A.  Trinity  CoUege,  Cambridge,  1839; 
lirexslty  scholar  and  Browne  mffdallist,  1888; 
>Merhoaj9e,  1839 ;  M  JL.,  1842 ;  principal  of  Chl- 
leological  college,  1846-8 ;  canon  of  Cumbrae 
ate,  1868-8 ;  vicar  of  Thorverton,  1868 ;  pob- 
Ikort  Account  of  the  OoUegiate  Church  of 
1864,  *  History  ...  of  Exeter  (3athedraV  1871, 

[XX.  240] 


r,  SIR  RALPH  (fl.  1610-1666),  civUian  and 
:  master  of  requests,  1618 ;  auditor  of  imprests 
r  of  the  mint,  1629  :  published  verse  translations 
oa  and  *  Imperiale,'  a  tragedy,  1656.  [xx.  240] 


SAMUEL  (1773-1867),  engraver  in 
lis  works  include  portraits  of  Johnson  after 
,  CkuTick  after  Reynolds,  and  L.  E.  L.  after 

[XX.  241] 


THOMAS  iJt.  1614),  epigrammatist: 
lalen  College,  Oxford,  1607 ;  published  *  Rvbbe 
it  OaA  *  and  '  Rvnne  and  a  Great  Cast,*  1614. 

[XX.  241] 
■AV,  WILLIAM  PEERE  WILLIAMS  (1742- 
ee  Williams,  afterwards  Williams-Frerman.] 

a,  MARTHA  WALKER  (1822-1888).  [See 
,Mm.] 

ID,  8m  JOHN  (d.  1696).    [See  Friend.] 

IB,  JOHN  (1676-1728),  physician ;  educated  at 
ker  and  Christ  Church,  Oxford;  B.A.,  1698; 
17:  phjrslcian  with  Peterborough  in  Spain, 
aUiBhed  pamphlets  in  dcfenceof  Petert)orongh ; 
12 ;  attended  Ormonde  in  Flanders ;  F.R.C.P., 
stonian  lecturer,  1718,  Harveian  orator,  1720 ; 
Dfoestoa,  1722 :  implicated  in  his  friend  Atter- 
t ;  nid  to  have  owed  his  release  from  the  Tower 
1  Mead  [q.  v.];  physician  to  Queen  Caroline, 
liibed  *  History  of  Physic  ...  to  beginning  of 
nth  Century  *  (2  vols.  1726-^).  [xx.  241] 

IS,  ROBERT  (1667-1761X  head-master  of  West- 
ibool :  brother  of  John  Freind  [q.  v.] ;  educated 
and  Ctirist  Church,  Oxford ;  B.A.,  1690 ; 
of  Westminster,  1711-33  ;  canon 


of  Windsor,  1729,  of  Westminster,  1781,  of  Christ  C^huroh, 
1737  ;  made  Westminster  the  leading  school  of  the  day ; 
helped  in  the  production  of  Boyle's  attack  on  Bentley. 

[XX.  243] 
FRUHD,  WILLIAM  (1669-1746),  divine:  brother  of 
Robert  and  John  Freind  [q.  v.]  ;  educated  at  Westminster 
and  Christ  Church,  Oxford ;  M.A.,  1694  :  rector  of  Turvey, 
1714,  of  Woodford,  Northamptonshire,  1720:  won  a 
lottery  prize  of  20,000/.,  1746 ;  author  of  '  The  Christian 
Minister.*  [xx.  246] 

FBEIHD,  WILLIAM  (1716-1 766Xdcan  of  Canterbury, 
1780-6 ;  son  of  Robert  Freind  [q.  v.] ;  of  Westminster  and 
Christ  Church  ;  M.A.,  1738  ;  D.D.,  1748 ;  rector  of  Witn^, 
1789,  of  Islip,  1747 ;  canon  of  Westminster,  1744,  of 
Christ  Church,  1766 ;  prolocutor  of  the  lower  house,  1761. 
[XX.  246] 

FREKE,  JOHN  (1688-1756),  surgeon  ;  curator  of  St. 
Barttiolomew*8  Hospital  Museum,  and  surgeon,  1729-66  ; 
F.R.S.,  1729;  published  *  Treatise  on  the  Nature  and 
Property  of  Fire,'  1762,  and '  Bwwy  on  the  Art  of  Healing,' 
1748 :  twice  mentioned  in  '  Tom  Jones.*  [xx.  246] 


B,  WILLIAM  (1662-1744X  mystical  writer ;  of 
Wadham  College,  Oxford  ;  barrister  of  the  Temple ;  fined 
and  ordered  to  make  a  public  recantation  for  an  anti- 
trinitarian  tract  distributed  to  members  of  parliament, 
1694:  proclaimed  himself  'the  great  Elijah,*  1709 ;  pub- 
lished *  Lingua  Ten^ancta,'  1703.  [xx.  247] 

FRXKANTLE,  Sir  THOMAS  FRANCIS  (1766- 
1819),  vice-admiral ;  served  with  Hood  and  Nelson  in  the 
Mediterranean,  1793-7  ;  distingruished  himself  at  Toulon, 
1796,  and  at  Leghorn  and  Elba,  1796  :  severely  wounded 
in  attack  on  Santa  Cruz,  1797  ;  took  Nelson  home  in  the 
Seahorse:  at  0>penhagen,  1801,  in  the  Ganges;  at 
Trafalgar  in  the  Neptune,  1806;  rear-admiral,  1810; 
commanded  in  Adriatic,  1812-14,  capturing  Flume  (1818) 
and  Trieste  (1814) :  K.C3.  and  baron  of  Austria,  1816 ; 
G.C.B.  and  commander-in-chief  in  Mediterranean,  1818. 

[XX.  248] 

FBSMAHTLE,  THOMAS  FRANCIS,  first  Baron 
CoTTi»LOE  (1798-1890X  son  of  Sir  Thomas  Franda 
Fremantle  [q.  v.];  BJl.  Oriel  College,  Oxford,  1819; 
created  baronet,  1821 ;  conservative  M.P.  for  Bucking- 
ham, 1826-46;  one  of  secretaries  of  treasury,  1834  and 
1841 :  secretary  at  war,  1844 :  chief  Kcretary  for  Ireland, 
1846-6 ;  deputy-chairman,  and  subsequenUy  chairman 
of  board  of  customs,  1846-78  ;  raised  to  peerage,  1874. 

[Suppl.  11.  261] 

FREKAHTLS,  Sir  WILLIAM  HENRY  (1766- 
1860),  politician :  resident  secretary  for  Ireland,  1789- 
1800 ;  joint-secretary  to  the  treasury  under  Lord  Gren- 
vUle,  1806;  M.P.  for  Wick,  1808-12,  for  BucUngham, 
1812-27  ;  privy  councillor  and  commissioner  of  the  India 
board,  1822-6  ;  treasurer  of  the  household,  1826-37. 

[XX.  249] 

FBXNOH,  GEORGE  RUSSELL  (1803-1881),  anU- 
quary  and  author  of  genealogical  works.  [xx.  260] 

FBEVGIH,  GILBERT  JAMES  (1804-1866X  bio- 
grapher of  Samuel  Crompton  [q.  v.] ;  published,  among 
other  worlcs,  *  Enquiry  into  Origin  and  Authorship  of 
some  of  the  Waverley  Novels,'  1866,  and  *  Life  and  Times  of 
Samuel  Crompton,'  1869.  [xx.  261] 

FRENCH,  JOHN  (1616  ?-1667),  physician  to  the 
parliamentary  army :  M.A.  New  Inn  HalU  Oxford,  1640 ; 
M.D.,  1648  ;  published  works,  including  '  The  J^  of  Dis- 
tillation, 1661,  and  *  The  Yorkshire  Spaw,*  1662,  and  other 
works.  [XX.  261] 

FEEKOH,  NICHOLAS  (1604-1678),  bishop  of  f^ms; 
president  of  the  Irish  College  at  Lonvain ;  prominent 
among  the  confederated  catholl(»  during  the  Irish 
rebellion  ;  bishop  of  Ferns  before  1646  ;  went  on  mission 
to  Rome,  1647,  to  Brussels,  1661,  and  to  Paris,  1662; 
coadjutor  to  archbishop  of  Santiago  de  Compostella,  1662- 
1666,  afterwards  to  archbishop  of  Paris,  and  to  bishop  of 
Ghent,  where  he  died  and  was  buried  ;  published*  Narrative 
of  the  Earl  of  Clarendon's  Settlement  and  Sale  of  Ireland,' 
1668,  and  other  rare  tracts.  [xx.  262] 

FSENGIH,  PETER  (d.  1693),  Dominican  missionary ; 
laboured  for  thirty  years  among  Mexican  Indians. 

[XX.  263] 

FBENOH,  THOMAS  VALPY  (1826-1891),  Indian 
bishop ;  V.J^.  University  College,  Oxford,  1849 ;  fdlow, 

hh2 


d,  1877. 


[Sup 


U.  BBS] 


rSBNOH,  WILLIAM  (17SB-1WB),  !„____ 

OoUtgc  CsDibridgc :  ediiimted  at  Ipawlcta  uid  Cittiu  Col' 

mil ;  fellow  uid  biUr  at  I^nibioke  (Mlegi.  OunbrMga ; 
M.A„  1814  :  muler  ol  J«us  College.  i»tO-it :  D.D.,  1191 ; 

«rb.°1811.^         n-.  w       iw     .         .•n      ^^^  |^j 

FBEKD,  WILLIAM  {17B7'1S4I),  refon 

CI)™fsCi.ll'Ei(r,CjunbriaKc;  ■ 

CoUfgE,  178! ;  yicHriJ(MildlnKlcy,li 
■  DDltarlu:  tnnil*l((irorPri»Ue. 
of^tbe  Old  TnUmedt:  fipellal  Uie  anlvertlCy  lo 


TXEKS,  JOHN  HO0KHAMm»-lW«XaiHi«iiHit 

and  sathra  :  ddnt  KD  of  John  Fra«  [q,  t.J:  triad  rf 

1789-7;  U.P^  Wat  Looe,  ITM-lBOl;  aontrlbaud  istlr 
■ADtWicoblD'  (1747-6)  msct  of  tbe  -Lam  0(  Of 
Triuigin,'  ud  parts  of  '  Tbe  Friend  of  HiUBUi%  u4 
Uie  Rnlfegrinder'  nod  'Ttaa  Horsi';  onder-aaentank 
fonlgii  HtTnln,  17ii*:  amy  sxtnordiiiuT  ud  iM- 
poEcDtlUT  tt  UtboB.  1800-1,  ■(  Hadrid,  1101-4;  hIit 


nf  naed  a  peentc :  ntind  to  Malta, 


PdforPriMUaj' th 

LlteAjisor«iceCom[»or,lBoa-la; 'tutor  of  CoplejILynd- 
hont>aDd  UEUhui;  putillnbed  'Piindplea  of  Altrebrn' 
<17IM  and  179»>,  and  tmtliM  iidTocallDg  graduaUd 
Iscome-tAi  and  a  ■Inking  fund.  [ii.  iM] 

PBEmKAUOHT,  lint  VUKOUKT  id.  ISM).     [Bee 


,  tnslODt  of  Arutophi 
I  KnightaiBndBIrda,' 


with  Ua  Ji 
■  -««ela:tm 
.    'bmktdM: 
■  Speobnau  of  EaciT  Bnclliti  fa^' 

I'OhnmloIeof  tbatad,' lM;iK«( 

1  of  tHa  ■  Quanirlj  Bctltw  ■ ;  pnbttdud  nOriol 
ArlatopbiUKa'*  *  ProBi,'  Isntand'AdianlM^ 


1849. 


(n, 


[,  BARTHOLOMEW  (1 


TRXKR,  Sir  HEKBT  BABTLB  EDWARD,  com 
DDOly  csUel  Sib  Bihtlk  Phesk,  Bnt  baronM  (ISlt 
ISMXitato™"):  nq)bew  at  JoboBaakbam  FrenCq.  t.] 
educated  at  Balta  and  BalleybniT ;  entered  Bombar  '^'^ 
■errice.  ISU :  axilstad  Hcnrr  Edward  Ooldamid  Ja 

in  InvefftLgatinfc  and  refonnlng  tand-BHiefj ' '  — ' 

al  Sattara.  184ft.  aod  oammlnkmn'  upon 
1847,  to  wblch  he  was  oppoocd ;  aa  ciblef  comn 
Slnd,  ie»»-«.  concdliated  dlapotuHri  amin  ani 
the  country  br  meant  of  public  vorka;  dLirlnfr 


nXKS,  PHILIP  HOWARD  (181>-18tt).  a«tlal- 
Curlit :  eldnt  aoD  of  Wllllaai  Frcre  t»  *-]  ■  t'H'i  (IBH 
and  bnmr  (la)>)  of  Downing  OoUeRe,  CkmbrUae :  (HW 
of  '  Journal  of  Boyal  Agrioulloial  SooieW,"  18U. 

FKESE,  WILLIAM  (ITTl-lSM),  maMcr  ri  DonM 
College,  Cambridge,  1811 ;  foortfafionof  JobD  FTere^^vJ; 
ednistal  at  Eton  and  Trinity  College.  Cambridge ;  ILi. 

IBM;  aeiJBant-al-law,  ISOS ;  malts  of  Downing  (MM 
Cambridge,  IBII:  LL.D.  Ounbrldpi,  I8U;D.CJ>W' 
ford,  1834 ;  edited  Baroa  Oleuberrle'a  '  Reootti  ot  Cua,' 
1B1>,  and  toLt.  of  the' Futon  Lettn*.'  [u-fft] 


ra,  SIMON  DU  (Jl.  1100).    L^ee  Si 


lamid  [q.  v. 


.  ASTHOSY  (17»7-lBU),dlTl«;KA._ 

tOhuTch.  Oxford,  1780;  B.A.and  lC.A.CIangA 

Owabildee,  ITB*;  imtor     '  "' "-    —    — — - 

tlKologial  and  poetical  wi 


..._ nd  tried  to  oondliatB  the  K»mn". 

waft  oblleed  to  make  war  ou  them,  peace  bein^  made,  li 
made  demande  on  Oelewayo  wbich  reiultad  Id  the  \ 


(tt&B-lSM),  pnrttaa  dhiDi;  nMr 

9  ;  Indloted  bi  parlafalonen  fbrM- 

eight  wnnoiu  prtacbtd  In  THit* 

laeir,  re-pmched  from  the  (smepoIpitMjBa 


the  high-. 

qoe^tlon.  but  afta  a  confeRnos  with  the  Boen 

ss, 

led.  1B80.  In  spite  o(  great  popularity  In  Smim 

den«''rellurw  to  hl^  reddl  aid  in  'AI«hanUtanai>d 

In  Midlothian  ;  uToCe  al™  memoir  ol  his  uncle  Hoofchara 

Frefeprefl 

.ed  to  the  ■  Worki  of  J.  H.  Frere.'    [...  M7] 

FS£KE,  JAMBS  HATI.EY  (1779-Isae),  writer  oa 

pbooetlo 

yrtem  lor  tmcbing  blind  lo  read,' and  ebap 

hietbode 

Mereotyoing.    HU  works  Indnde  ■Combined 

View  of  the  Pioplidclee  of  Daniel.  Brfrw,  and  SL  John.- 
1B15,  aod  •OncteGeneralSlmctureof  tbe  Apocalypae,' 

rXXRB,  JOHN  (IT40-iaOTX  antkiaary; 
wrangler  and  fellow  of  Oalni  OcOIeg^  Oambridgi 
.U.A..  iru :  high  aberilT  of  Norfolk,  itw :  F.Kk 
M.F,  Ni)r"ich,179e;wrole paper  "On  the  FltntS 
of  Home  hi  BnSolk  '  ('AroUologia' lor  1800). 


THOMAS  (I704-17BI),  phnldaallU 

Mciuic  "fu  ,  uue  of  tbe  AtM  to  Inoodlate  nir  ^Sftt 

published  'FracUceandTheoryaf  IooculaClon.'IIllL 

I"  Ml 

FKXWI5,    HICHAHD  (1M1T-17B1X  phyiida;* 

U.D.,  1711 ;  Oamdcn  [aofeeeoT  of  ancient  hletory.lflfi  ^ 
Frewin  Hall)  for  the  reglut  proleawr  of  matiilnB  ' 

FaiDBI10DX(A»MX  [Bee  FRrrattoBi] 
rMDlBWn>l,  niTSESWITH,  or  lUm  ' 
WITHA,Bimi(il.7MI).iialdtohaTetooiidedmBoi«0  ; 
at  Oiford,  wbon  mltacnlooaly  dellTsed  (rom  tlapnM-  " 
Uon  of  a  king,  her  lour ;  boned  in  Bt  MarT^lOUA  i 
Oiford;  ber  rallcatraiulated,  1190  and  int;  hit  «hi  ■ 
dntroyed,  IM8.  Tbe  monaatery  (at  Oxford)  iiitati  \ 
by  Ropr,  Wibon  of  BaUibnry,  waa  wppnn^  M<M  ' 
handed  orar  to  Wolsey.  [,i.  M]      ^ 

FMEHII,  s™  JOHN  (d.  18W),  oe 


[XI.  M7]        iptrac^lgalnat  William  lU. 


FRTPP 


469 


FROUDB 


9B0BOE  ARTHUR  (1813-1896),  water-ooloiir 
ed  under  Samuel  Jaduon  (1794-1869)  [q.  v.]  : 
>ld  Water-coloar  Society,  1845,  and  secretary, 
inted  by  royal  command  series  of  pictures  of 
ighbourbood,  1860.  [SuppL  ii.  S63] 

L,  FRASER  (1774-1846),  friend  of  Ohateau- 
lied  at  Olasffow;  prisoner  in  France,  1793-4  and 
tie  with  Madame  de  Qaitaut;  corresponded 
"t;  wrote  '^tode  snr  la  Constitution  de 
mvec  des  remarqoes  iur  Tancienne  Oonstitu- 
anoe*  (1830).  [xx.277] 

EU.,  JAHBS  HAIN  (1886-1878X  misod- 
er :  pablished  more  than  thirty  worbi,  Includ- 
*A  QnoUtion  Handbook*  (1865),  *The 
*  1864,  some  novels,  and  *■  Modem  Men  of 
Btly  criUcised,'  1870.  [xz.  277] 

JOHN  (1503-1533),  protestant  martyr ;  of 
iog's  College,  Cambridge ;  B.A.,  1635 ;  junior 
olwy's  College,  Oxford,  1525 ;  imprisoned  for 
mdal  to  translate  the  New  Testament :  on 
,  went  to  Marburg  for  six  years,  where  he 
Patrick  Hamilton's  '  Places,'  1529  ? :  in  spite 
umI  overtares  from  Henry  VIII  wrote  '  Dis- 

Piugatorye,'  combating  More  and  Fb>her, 
risoned  in  the  Tower  for  heresy,  1532,  formu- 
rotestant  views  on  the  sacrament ;  replied  to 
rcr ;  bomt  at  Smithfleld  for  heretical  views 
f  and  transobatantiation ;  his  works  published 
rz.  [XX.  278] 

MARY    (1584?-1659X   'MoU    Cutpurse': 
a  pickpocket,  fortane-teller,  and  forger  ;  did 
?anrs  CrcMS,  1612 ;  heroine  of  Midilleton  and 
oaring  Girle.'  [xx.  280] 

SOOBE  or  TRIDXOOOE  (Jl.  950),  hagio- 
lonk  of  Canterbury ;  wrote  metrical  *  Life  of 

[XX.  281] 


Sir  martin  (1535  ?-1594),  navigator ; 
rat  voyage  to  Guinea,  1554 ;  examined  on 
piracy,  1566 ;  employed  on  state  service  oiY 
and  :  made  his  first  voyage  in  search  of  north- 
e  onder  auspices  of  Ambrose  Dudley,  earl  of 
.  ▼.],  1576.  reaching  Froblsher  Bay  :  as  admi- 
mpany  of  Cathay,  sailed  to  the  same  region 
goU,  1577,  explored  south  of  Meta  Incognita 
m's  Sound,  and  brought  home  two  hundred 
1  from  Kodlnn-am  (Connteas  of  Warwick's 
ing  Uiird  voyage  with  fifteen  ships,  1578,  landed 

Greenland  and  discovered  new  strait  and 
Df  Frobisher's  Bay ;    vice-admiral  in  Drake's 

expedition,  1586 ;  commanded  the  Triumph 
liah  Armada,  and  led  one  of  the  newly  formal 
knighted  and  made  commander  of  squadron 

Seas,  1588-9 ;  vice-admiral  in  Hawkins's 
1690;    captured  a  BiFcayan   with    valuable 

died  from  wound  received  in  expedition  for 
ft  and  Crotzon.  [xx.  281] 

lAM.  BRIDGE  (1734-1768X  actor  :  twice  ran 
Westminster  School :  the  '  York  Garrick ' ; 
XMuidered  by  Tate  WUkinson  only  second  to 
rick  and  Barry.  [xx.  284] 

CHARLES  (1781  ?-1862).  antiquary  ;  solicitor 
k  Company  ;  F.S.A.,  1822  ;  published  work  on 
itory  of  Hull,  1827.  [xx.  286] 

GEORGE  (1754-1821 X  Ipswich  landscape- 
iend   of   Constable  and  imitator  of  Gains- 

[XX.  285] 

JOHN  (1626  ?-1656X  nonconformist  divine : 
t.  John's  College,  Cambridge ;  B.D.,  1656 ; 
;elect  Sermons,'  1667.  [xx.  286] 

JOHN  (1803-1840X  founder  of  the  Medico- 

ociety,  1821 :    secretary    to  Royal    Humane 

I :  expdled  the  Medico-Botanical  Society  for 

behaviour,  1830 :  having  incurred  liabilities 

Millbank  hospital-ship,  fled  to  PuriR,  1832  ; 

nactised  as  a  physician  in  Berlin,  [xx.  286] 

JOHN  (1750-1842),  secreUry  of  the  Oorre- 
nety  ;  prominent  member  of  Thatched  House 
ry  reform  society,  1782 ;  founded  Oorrespoud- 

1792;  a?  representative  of  the  Society  for 
oJ  Information  present  at  trial  uf  Louis  XYI, 


1792-3 ;  denounced  by  Burke  as  *  ambassa^lor  to  the  mur- 
derers ' :  indicted  for  sedition,  and,  though  defended  by 
Erskine,  sentenced  to  six  months'  imprisonment  and  to  be 
struck  off  the  roli  of  attorneys,  1793 ;  pardoned  by  the 
prince  regent,  1813,  but  not  replaced  on  the  rolls. 

[XX.  287] 
FBOST,  JOHN  (d.  1877X  chartist :  imprisoned  for 
libd,  1822 ;  mayor  of  Newport,  Monmouthshire,  1836  ; 
after  chartist  convention  of  1839  removed  from  commis- 
sion of  the  peace  for  seditions  language ;  brought  about 
dissolution  of  convention  and  led  an  armed  mob  into 
Newport,  1839  ;  transoorted  to  Van  Diemen's  Land,  1840 ; 
conditionally  pardoned,  1854 ;  returned  to  England,  1856, 
with  free  pardon  ;  wrote  and  lectured  on  convict  life  and 
against  transportation.  [xx.  tSS"} 

FBOST,  PBRCIVAL  (1817-1898X  mathematician: 
second  wrangler,  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  1839; 
MJL,  1842  :  fellow,  1839  ;  ordained  deacon,  1841 ;  mathe- 
matical lecturer  in  Jesus  College,  1847-59,  and  in  Ring's 
College,  1859-89;  F.R.S.,  1883 ;  fellow  of  King's  College, 
1883-98 :  D.SC.,  1883  ;  published  mathematical  works. 

[Suppl.  ii.  253] 

FBOST,  WILLIAM  EDWARD  (1810-1877),  painter ; 
Royal  Academy  gold  medallist  for  *  Prometheus  Bound,* 
1839:  exhibited  'Sabrina,'  1845,  *  Diana  surprised  bv 
ActsBon,'  1846, '  Una '  (purchased  by  Queen  Victoria),  1847, 
'Bnphroeyne,'  1848,  'Disarming  of  Cupid,'  1850  (at 
OebonieX  and '  Narcissus,'  1857  ;  RJL,  1871^6. 

[XX.  289] 

FBOTTOESTEB,  WALTER  (d.  1412X  abbot  of  St. 
Peter's,  Gloucester,  1382,  the  cloisters  of  which  be 
completed.  [xx.  290] 

FBOTTDS,  JAMBS  ANTHONY  (1818-1894X  historian 
and  man  of  tetters ;  brother  of  Richard  Hurrell  Fronde 
[q.  v.]  and  of  William  Froude  [q.  v.] ;  edncatel  at  West- 
minster and  Oriel  College,  Oxford  ;  B.A.,  1842 ;  chancellor's 
English  essayist ;  Devon  fellow  of  Exeter  College,  1842 ; 
M.A.,  1&13 :  wrote  life  of  St.  Neot  for  Newman's  '  Lives 
of  the  English  Saint?,'  1844;  marked  his  breach  with 
orthodoxy,  1849,  by  publication  of  '  Nemesis  of  Faith,*  a 
copy  of  which  was  publicly  burned  by  William  SeweU 
[q.  v.] ;  resigned  his  fellowship  from  annoyance :  made 
acquaintance  of  Carlyle,  1849,  and  subsequently  became 
his  chief  disciple;  published  *  History  of  England  from 
Fall  of  Wolaey  to  Defeat  of  Spanish  Armada,*  12  vols., 
1856-70 :  editor  of  *  Fraaer's  Magazine.'  1860-74  ;  rector 
of  St.  Andrews,  1868 ;  pubUshed  *  The  English  in  Ireland 
in  Eighteenth  Century,^  1872-4 ;  lectured  in  United  States, 
1872;  travelled  in  South  Africa,  1874-5,  with  object  of 
ascertaining  what  were  the  obstaclee  to  confederation  of 
South  African  States :  conducted  an  unsuccessful  political 
campaign  in  Cape  Colony  and  Orange  Free  State  in  favour 
of  federation,  1876 ;  member  of  Scottish  universities  com- 
mission, 1876  :  sole  literary  executor  of  Carlyle,  1881 ; 
pubUshed  Carlyle's  *  Reminiscences,'  1881,  '  Letters  and 
Memorials  of  Jane  Welsh  Carlyle,'  1883,  '  History  of  first 
Forty  Years  of  Carlyle's  Life,'  1882,  and  '  History  of  Car- 
lyle's Life  in  London,'  1884  ;  honorary  LL.D.  Edinburgh, 
1884 ;  visited  Australia,  1884-5 ;  published  '  Oceana,  or 
England  and  her  Colonies,'  1886 ;  visited  West  Indies, 
1886-7,  and  published  'English  in  West  Indies,'  1888; 
regins  professor  of  modem  history  at  Oxford,  1892-4.  His 
lectures  were  published  as  *  Life  and  Letters  of  Erasmus.' 
1894,  'EngUsh  Seamen  in  Sixteenth  Century,'  1895,  and 
'Council  of  Trent,'  1896.  As  a  writer  of  English  prose 
Froude  had  few  equals  in  the  nineteenth  century,  though 
the  value  of  his  historical  scholarship  Ls  matter  of  con- 
troversy. [SiippL  ii.  254] 

FBOTTDB,  RICHARD  HURRELL  (1803-1836X divine  : 
brother  of  James  Anthony  Frou<le  [q.  v.]  and  oi  William 
Froude  [q.  v.] ;  educated  at  Ottery.  Eton,  ami  Oriel  College, 
Oxford  ;  fellow,  1826  :  M.A.,  1827  :  intimate  with  Newman 
and  greatly  influenced  the  Tractarians ;  with  Newman 
wrote  'Lyra  Apostolica'  at  Rome,  1832-3:  contributed 
three  of  the  '  Tracts  for  the  Times ' ;  his  '  Remains  '  edited 
by  James  Bowling  Mozley,  1837  and  1839.         [xx.  290] 

FBOTTDE,  WILLIAM  (1810-1879),  engineer  and  naval 
architect,  brother  of  Richard  Hurrell  Froude  [q.  v.]  and 
James  Anthony  Fronde  [q.  v.] ;  of  Westminster  and  Oriel 
College,  Oxford ;  M.A.,  1837 ;  while  employed  under  Brunei 
on  Bristol  and  Exeter  railway  propounded  '  curve  of  adjust- 
ment':  constructed  biliiirc- keels  to  prevent  rolling  of  ships ; 
conducted  for  the  admiralty  at  Torquay  experiments  on 
resistance  and  propulsion  of  ships ;  F.R.S.,  1870 ;  royal 


FROWDE 


470 


FUIiliER 


modalllrit,  1K76 ;  coustructod  dynamometer  to  determine 
power  of  marine  engines ;  diurl  at  Simon's  Town. 

[XX.  291] 
FEOWDE,  rmLIP  (rf.  1738X  poet ;  pupil  of  Addison 
at  Ma^^lalen  Oollt^.  Oxford;  his  *Carsu8  Glodalis, 
Anglioc  Seating,*  publi^hod  by  Gurll  as  Addison's,  1720 : 
published  two  tragedies, '  Tbe  Fall  of  Saguntum,*  1727,  and 
*  PhUota«,'  1731,  in  both  of  which  Quin  acted,  [zx.  292] 

FROWYK,BiR  THOMAS  (</.  1506),  judge;  serjeant- 
at-law,  1494  :  judge  of  assize  in  the  west,  1601 ;  hdped  to 
define  jurisdiction  of  university  and  town  of  Oambridge, 
1602 :  chief-juijtjoe  of  common  pleas,  1602.        [xx.  29S] 

FEY,  OAROLINB  (1787-1846X    [See  Wilson.] 

FRY,  ED\n7ND  (1764-1836),  type-foonder ;  son  of 
Joseph  Fry  [q.  ▼.] ;  M.D.  Edinburgh ;  issued  '  speoimens 
of  metal-cast  ornaments,'  1703 ;  published  *Pantographla' 
(containing  more  than  two  hundred  alphabets),  1799, 
and  *  Specimen  of  Printing  Types,*  1810 :  sold  bnsineas  to 
Thorowgood,  1829 :  awarded  gold  medal  for  raised  type 
for  the  blind.  [xx.  298] 

PRY,  ELTZABBl'H  (1780-1846),  prison  reformer; 
sister  of  Joseph  Jolm  Gum^  [q.  v.] ;  a  quakcr  minister 
at  twenty-nine ;  highly  impressive  as  a  preacher ;  married 
Joseph  Fry,  1820 ;  formed  association  for  improvement 
of  female  prisoners  in  Newgate,  1817  ;  interested  herself 
in  other  prisons,  and  induced  government  to  make  regula- 
tion for  voyage  of  convicts  to  New  South  Wales  ;  received 
by  Louis-PhilipiM  and  the  king  of  Pmssia :  instituted 
order  of  nursing  sisters ;  alleviated  condition  of  vagrants 
in  London  and  Brighton.  [xx.  294] 

FRY,  FKANOIS  (1808-1886),  bibliographer;  partner 
in  firm  of  J.  S.  Fry  ii  O).  of  Bristol ;  one  of  the.  quaker 
deputation  to  monarchs  of  Europe  for  abolition  of  slavery, 
1850  ;  printed  facsimileof  Tyndale's  New  Testament  (1626 
or  1626),  1862,  and  in  the  same  year  '  Sooldier's  Pocket 
Bible* ;  published '  Description  of  the  Groat  Bible  of  1639 
.  .  .  Oranmer's  Bible  . .  .  and  editions  in  large  folio  of  the 
Authorised  Version,'  1866;  an  account  of  (^overdale's 
Bible  (1636X  1B67,  and  a  bibUographical  description  of 
Tyndale's  version  (1634X  1878.  [xx.  296] 

FRY,  JOHN  (1609-1667),  theological  writer  ;  entered 
parliament  after  Pride's  Purge  ;  m^uber  of  the  com- 
mission for  trial  of  the  king,  but  took  part  only  ui  the 
earlier  proceedings;  carrierl  on  theological  controversy 
with  Francii*  Oheynell  [q.  v.]  and  others  concerning  the 
Trinity ;  disabled  from  sitting  in  parliament  on  account 
of  his  writings.  [xx.  297] 

FRY.  JOHN  (1792-1822X  Bristol  bookseller  and  author 
of  '  Metrical  Trifies,'  1810 ;  and  *  Bibliographical  Memor- 
anda,' 1816 :  printed  fraginent^^  of  mediaeval  (English) 
poetiy.  [xx.  298] 


.,  JOHN  (/.  1671X  ph>'i!ician:  M.A.  Oao- 
hridgc,  1648 ;  M.D.,  1556 ;  settled  at  Padua  in  Qoen 
Elizabeth's  reign ;  published  the  *  Aphorisms  of  Hippo- 
orates,'  versified,  1667 :  and  Latin  occasional  verses. 

[XX.  JOIJ 

FRYER,  JOHN  (d.  1672),  physician  :  eraodsoD  t( 
John  Fryer  (d.  1663)  [q.  v.]  ;  M.D.  Flidua,  ICIO ;  exdodid 
from  CoUege  of  Physicians  as  a  fiomanist ;  haotaif 
feUow,  1664.  [xx.  SOS] 

FRYER,  JOHN(d.  17S8X  travdler;  M.D.  Pemtmb 
OoUege,  Oambridge,  1683 ;  F.R.S.,  1697 ;  travelted  in  the 
East ;  published  *  A  New  Account  of  East  lodit  aod 
Persia,  in  eight  letters,'  1698.  [xx.  Vtt] 

FRYER,  LEONARD  (</.  1606  ?X  serjeantimintcr  to 
Queen  Elizabeth.  [xz.  SOI] 

FRYTH.    [See  Frith.] 

FRYTOV,  JOHN  de  (^  1804).  [See  Babvos, 
John  dk.] 

FULBEGK,  WILLIAM  (1660-1603  ?X  legal  writer: 
studied  at  St.  Alban  Hail,  Ohrist  (Thurch,  and  QhwcMtcr 
Hall,  Oxford;  M.A.,  1684;  entered  Gray's  Inn;  cbief 
works :  *  A  Direction  or  Preparation  to  the  Study  of  the 
Law,'  1600, '  A  Parallele,  or  Oouferenoe  of  the  OinI  U«, 
the  Canon  Law,  and  the  O>mmon  Law,*  1601,  1618,  'Ita 
Pandectes  of  the  Law  of  Nations,'  1602,  and* The  IQt- 
fortunes  of  Arthur,*  a  masque  (1688).  [xx.  KB] 

FULCHER.  GEORGE  WILLIAJfS  (179»-18»6X  V^ 
booksdler,  and  printer  of  Sudbury;  publisbed,  amoof 
other  works,  *Fulcher*8  Poetical  Miscellany,'  1841, 
selected  from  the  *  Sudbury  Pocket  Book,*  to  whidi  JamM 
Montgomery,  Bernard  Barton,  and  the  Howitts  oootzi- 
bnted,  *The  YiUage  Paupers,'  1846,  and  *The  Fanner^ 
Daybook.'  [xx.  IM] 

FTTLFORD,  FRANCIS  (1803-1868X  ftnt  bishop  of 
Montreal,  1860-60:  fellow  of  Exeter  College,  OdM, 
1824-30 ;  M.A.,  1838 ;  hon.  D.D.,  1860 ;  rector  of  Trov- 
bridge,  1882-42;  minister  of  Cunson  Cbapd,  Msjbir, 
1845  ;  editor  of '  Colonial  Church  CJhionicleB,*  IMS :  mt- 
tropolitan  of  (Canada,  1860 ;  attended  the  Fan-Anglian 
synod  at  I^mbeth,  1867.  [xx.  3M] 


',  JOSEPH  (1728-1787X  type-founder;  practised 
medicine  in  Bristol,  and  afterwaMs  made  coooa  and 
chocolate;  with  William  Pine  began  type-founding, 
1764 ;  removed  to  liondon ;  brought  out  bible  in  6  vols., 
1774-6;  and  *  Specimen  of  Printing  Types  made  by 
Joseph  Fry  &  Sons,'  1786  (which  he  declared  to  be  in- 
distinguishable from  the  founts  of  W^illiam  Oaslon). 

[XX.  298] 
FRY,  WILLIAM  THOMAS  (1789-1843),  engraver  in 
stipple.  [xx.  299] 

FRYE,  THOMAS  (1710-1762),  painter,  mezzotint  en- 
graver and  china  manufacturer :  friend  of  Reynolds : 
painted  and  engraved  full  lengrths  of  Frederick,  Prince  of 
Wales,  1741,  and  Jeremy  Bentham ;  engraved  and  pub- 
lished eighteen  life-size  heads  in  mezzotint,  including 
George  III,  Queen  Charlotte,  Gurrick,  and  the  Gunnings ; 
patentee,  1744  and  1749,  for  making  porcelain  from  a  new 
mat<»ial  brought  from  America.  [xx.  300] 


.,  EDWARD  (1761-1826),  physician;  M.D. 
Leyden,  1786;  L.R.C.P.,  1790;  attended  the  Duke  of 
Sussex ;  published  life  of  Barr>',  the  painter,  1826. 

[XX.  300] 

FRYER,  JOHN  {d.  1663),  physician ;  of  Eton  and 
King's  College,  Cambridge;  M.A.,  1625;  expeUed  from 
Wols^s  College  at  Oxford  as  a  Lutheran,  and  imprisoned 
in  the  Savoy  and  the  Fleet ;  by  assistance  of  Edward  Fox 
[q.  v.]  graduated  M.D.  at  Padua,  1636 ;  president  of 
College  of  Physicians,  1649-50 ;  attended  Fox  at  Diet  of 
Smalcalde,  1535  :  imprisoned  in  the  Tower  for  Romnni«m, 
1661-8 :  died  of  the  plague.  [xx.  301] 


WILLIAM  (1638-1689),  puritan  dlTiae: 
M.A.  St  John's  College,  Cambridge,  1663;  fximid 
\  Thomas  Oartwright  (1536-1603)  [q.  v.] ;  demived  of  Ui 
fellowship  at  St.  John's  by  (3eoil  for  preaching  agiiaH 
the  surpUoe :  readmitted  and  elected  soiior  fdlow,  UH; 
chaplain  to  Leicester,  tiirough  whose  influence  he  beeuK 
incumbent  of  Warley  and  Dennington  ;  D.D.,  1572 ;  aid 
master  of  Pembroke  Hall,  C!ambridge,  1678 ;  ooii£efnl 
with  the  deprived  bishops,  Watson  and  Feokeohsm,  li 
Wisbech,  1680,  and  disputed  with  Edmund  Campkn  ia 
the  Tower,  1681 ;  one  of  the  twenty-five  tbeologissi  to 
dispute  witii  Romanists,  1682 ;  published  astronomicil  iri 
theological  works,  including  treatises  against  OuAiil 
Allen,  Thomas  Stapleton,  and  otliw  Romanists,  and 'A 
Defence  of  the  English  Version  of  the  Bible.*    [xz.  lOf] 

FULLARTOH,  JOHN  (1780?-1849X  tnvellv  sri 
writer  on  currency ;  travelled  widely  in  India  sad  thi 
East ;  entrusted  with  important  mission  to  China,  UN; 
published  a  work  '  On  the  Regulation  of  CuzreodH*  !■ 
support  of  Tooke's  views,  1844.  [xx.  308] 

FULLARTOH.  WILLIAM  (1764-1808X  cominiaiidBcr 
of  Trinidad ;  raised  and  commanded  98th  foot,  17>X 
serving  against  Haidar  Ali  in  Mysore,  1780-2 ;  took  psit 
in  suppression  of  the  Kollars  ;  as  commander  of  tioo|ii 
south  of  Coleroon,  1783,  took  Dharapuram,  PU^t»  sv 
Coimbatore ;  published  *  View  of  English  Intensts  in 
India,'  1787 ;  raised  23rd  dragoons,  1794,  and  lUlst  foot^ 
18U0 ;  M.P.  for  Plymptou,  1779,  Haddington,  1787-tti 
Horsham,  1793-6,  Ayrshire,  1796-1808;  as  commisBkiaK 
of  Trinidad  caused  Picton  to  be  superseded  and  trial  for 
torturing  a  Spanish  girL  [zx.  806] 

FULLER,  ANDREW  (1764-1816X  baptist  tlieolo^: 
D.D.  Princeton  College  and  Yale ;  secretary  of  Bq)tiit 
Missionary  Society.  His  works  indnde  *Tbe  Qoipd 
worthy  of  all  Acceptation,' '  The  Calvinistic  and  Soeinitt 
Systems  examined  and  compared  as  to  their  Monl 
Tendency,'  1794,  and  *  An  Apology  for  the  late  Chrirtta 
Missions  to  India.'  [xz.  301] 


FULLER,  FRANCIS,  the  elder  (1637  T-1701X 
forml?t  divine ;  M.A.  Queens*  College,  (34mbridge^  1C(M; 


FUKHBAtrS 


;  fcUow  or  SL  JoliD'i  OsUcga,  Cambridge, 
,  1*M:  D.D,  lelBi  oidalnol  by  bla  ODCle. 
ilkr  or  Fulnc  [q.  t.],  chucellDc  at  LIdooIu. 
•IB  to  tlwkii^;  deuof  Llacoln,  lt»6-irou; 
dnlol  bT  Vsrio  'tor  Buccbua  natrids  of  ■ 
1  ddSKa  0(  AngUcui  oMen  (16W) '- 


[II 


Ml 


t.Ta01IAS<l«08-tg8t).d)'iiie;  M. 
nlirUgc  IBM:  iKrpetnBl  eurele  ot  ! 
lUO;  pRbmluT  of  SeliBbarr.  : 
ladwlDilaor,  Doreet,    l*M :    lU    CUT! 


otber  DoreLi  tnd  biographkoill  >*uriLV. 

FmXWOOD.  WILLIAM  (;(.  IMl),  ■ 
llibed  Che '  Bolmle  of  Idleaeene :  Tnicblng  the  muo  ■»! 
iUIb  bow  lo  (DdlCc,  compoM,  uid  write  ■!!  socti  of 
EpItClra.'  IMS.  [II.  t»] 

FUUUIT,  WILLIAM  <lUl-ltB8),  intLqaur :  edu- 
ntol  St  Ungdiloi  CoUtgs  Bobool  ud  Corpus  Ohrtitl 
CoUcfte.  Oxford:  tcUow  oIDorpa>,uid  UA^IUO:  rector 
of  iStjaej  HHDptoa.  1669 :  poblUlw]  *  AodemUe  Oxool- 
□1^  NcUtlh'  IMl,  loL  L  of  'Roam  Ai^louam  Scrtp- 
tonm  Velenim  lorn.  IVlUI,iuid  ■Worki  of  Heni7  HuD- 

'  Cbirla  1.  isei ;  ebiardly  Hippaed  to  biTe  written  "Tba 


rULTBLL,  ULPIAH  (A  isee),  poet 
HbudIod.  Un-.  pabllabed  'Like  uil  to  like 
iude.  IHB,  'The  Flower  ot  Paine,'  Ifli  <b  < 
I  HHiry    Vm.    irilli    HppendLoei!    In     tent). 


u}'  to  tiw  king;  pobilihcd  'History  oi  the 
?•,■  Tit  the  muedo.  IMS,  'The  Holy  BUU 
o<uie  StJiW  IMI.  'A  n'lnh-Blgbc  ot  Palea- 

nnltY,'  IBS),  uid'  Woilhlisof  iiiKluid,'  IMt. 

[XX.  JIB] 
X  or  FULWiR,  THOMAS  (1S»3-1«J).  «rch- 
OtttA  nUtad  to  Thonai  Fuller  (16O8-10811 
tlnhcntid  '  tor  ■  prodigKl ' ;  wpit  to  Irelanii : 


if  BeDoln  chuity : 


rULWOOD,  CHRISTOPHKR  (1S0OJ-1B4S).  roy»li>t 

[(1- 1.]  It  Bakewell  aauions ;  jiiBHl  forces  (or  Oharlet  1  In 
I>erbyBhir^  1B4S  ;  captured  bj  parLluiieatarianfl>  Enor> 
tidly  »aUDd(d.  [XI.  3»] 

FTrRLOKO.  THOMAS  (ll««-18tl),  poet;  publlEbcd 
'  The  PliMfuM  ol  Ireland;  18M,  and  Engllib  metrii!«l  ler- 
aloniDf  Iriab  poeta;  bU  'Doooi  of  Deieniie'  publiahed 
poethuiaouily.  1B».  [n-  3»0] 

I       rUHLT,  BENJAMIN  (IBBB-ITU).  qmkCT  and  friend 


and  interpTeted  f< 
Sydney,  the  third 
,  ipODdln^  with  th* 


d  Locke,  (wre. 

at  Kotterdun; 

[i..aw] 


.  m  >  tUlaqatni. 


il  KIT.  IW 


lecturer  at  Balltm'  Hall,  t  l/i»;  D.D.  Aberdeen,  ITW: 
actlTe  In  pra«edli:)ti>  BrlElUE  out  of  anlng  by  the  dCy 
'  ihsUI,  lTU-47ieiii«ndlnt«o(Hit(DTen]rwithBlukMaa« 


FURNEAUX 


472 


GAGE 


for  maklnfr  nonconformity  a  crime,  1769-70 :  obtained  |  wrote  preface?  for  Blake*K  inastrations  of  Btair'* 
(or  di!«t«*ntinK  clergy  partial  relief  from  doctrinal  sabecrip-  i  *  Grave*  and  many  other  works,  *  AphorisDVi  of  Art '  ac- 
tion, imuing  an  *  Essay  on  Toleration/ 1773.       [XX.  830]      '  pearing  pofltbamoiisly.  [zx.  334j 


FTJBHEAXrX,  TOBIAS  (1735-1781  \  circumnavifrator ; 
seoond  lieutenant  of  the  Dolphin  in  Oaptain  Samnel 
Wallig's  voyage,  1766-8 ;  commanded  the  Adventure  in 
Oook's  second  voyage ;  separately  explored  the  coast  of 
Tasmania,  and  prepared  the  flrMt  chart  of  it,  giving  names 
now  on  the  map  ;  returned  alone,  bringing  with  him  first 
Soath  Sea  islander  seen  in  England,  1774  :  captain  of  the 
Syren  In  Parker's  attack  on  New  Orleans,  1777.  [zx.  33S] 

'  FUBinEBS,  JOCELIN  op  (Jl.  ISOO).    [See  Jotklin.] 

FUBHSSS,  RIOHARD  (1791-I857X  Derbyshire  poet. 

[XX.  332] 

FUBSA,  Saint  (<f.  650),  of  Feronne:  Irishman  of 
noble  birth:  built  monastery  in  north-west  Glare  at 
Kathmat(KllIar8a):  began  to  wander  about  Ireland  de- 
scribing his  trances,  627 :  founded  in  East  Anglia  monas- 
tery of  Onoberesburg  (Burghcastle) :  finally  settled  in 
Neustria,  where  be  erected  monastery  at  Lagny.  on  the 
Mame,  644 :  died  at  Macerias  (MazerodesX  and  was  buried 
at  Peronne.  [xz.  333] 

FUR8D0H,  JOHN,  in  religion  Oitthbkrt  {d.  1638), 
Benedictine  monk  of  St.  Gregory,  Douay,  1620  ;  as  *  Bre- 
ton '  converted  Hugh  Panlinus  Oressy  [q.  v.]  and  Lady 
Falkland's  daughters;  published  *Life  and  Miracles  of 
St.  Benedict,'  1638,  and  *  The  Rule  of  St.  Bennet,*  1638. 

[XX.  334] 

7USZLI,  HENRY  (Johann  Hrinrich  Fuebbli) 
(1741-1825),  painter  and  author :  native  of  Zurich  ;  took 
holy  orders  with  his  friend  Lavater,  with  whom  he  went 
to  Berlin,  1768:  brought  by  Sir  Andrew  Mitchell  to 
England,  1763 ;  published  translation  of  Winckelmann's 

*  The  Painting  and  Sculpture  of  the  Greeks,'  1765 : 
encouraged  by  Reynolds  to  become  an  artist,  1767 ;  studied 
Michelangelo  and  other  masters  at  Home,  1770-8,  and  sent 
several  paintings  to  the  Royal  Academy :  exhibited  three 

Jiotores  at  the  Academy,  1780,  and  *  The  Nightmare,* 
782;  painted  several  works  for  Boydell's  Shakespeare 
Gallery,  Including  *  Titania  and  Bottom ' :  R.A.,  1790  : 
opened  his  Milton  Gallery,  1799 ;  professor  of  painting  at 
the  A.cademy,  1799-1825 :  keeper,  1804-25 :  buried  in  St. 
Paul's  OathedraL  Eight  hundred  sketches  (Fusell's  best 
work)  were  bought  by  Lawrence :  among  his  pupils  were 
Haydon,  Etty,  and  Mulready.     He  edited  Pilkington'fi 

*  Dictionary  of  Painters,*  translated  Lavater's  *  Aphorisms,* 


FTTBT,  Sir  HERBERT  JBNNER-  C1778-1882X  <taii 
of  the  arches,  1834 ;  son  of  Robert  Jenner ;  ednosttd  it 
Heading  and  Trinity  Hall,  Oambridge :  LL.D.,  1803 ;  tu- 
rister,  Gray's  Inn,  1800 :  king's  advocate-general,  18tt: 
vicar-general  to  the  archbishop  of  Oanterbuiy.  1832 ;  m* 
sided  at  Gorham  case  (1847-50):  master  of  Trinity  Hifl 
(non-residentX  1843-52  ;  assumed  the  name  of  FotttlMl 

rxx.t»] 

FTOH  or  FTGHS,  THOMAS  id.  1617).    [See  Ficb.] 

FT7E,  ANDREW,  vhe  elder  (1754-1824),  aoatomW: 
dissector  under  the  second  and  third  Monro  at  Edinbargh; 
published  text-books.  [xx.  S<0] 

FT7E,  ANDREW,  the  younger  (1792-1861),  ehoBM; 
eldest  son  of  Andrew  Pyfe  the  elder  [q.  v.]:  MJX 
Edinburgh,  1814 :  president  of  College  of  Surgeons  (Bdiih 
burgh  X  1842-3:  professor  of  chemistry  at  Absntaa. 
1844-61  :  published  '  Elements  of  Ohemlstiy,'  1827. 

[XX.  MO] 

TYPE,  WILLIAM  BATTER  COLLIER  (1836  ?-18tty, 
iminter :  first  exhibited  at  Scottish  Academy,  1861 :  ex- 
hibited at  the  English  Academy  from  1866.      [xx.  341] 


0HARLE3  ALAN  (1845-1892X  historiiB: 
educated  at  Christ's  Hospital  and  BaUiol  College,  Oxfoid: 
M.A.,  1870 :  fellow  of  Unlvereity  College,  1871 ;  barristv. 
Inner  Temple,  1877 :  published  *  History  of  Hodsn 
Europe,*  3  vols.  1880-90.  [SuppL  IL  HS] 

FTHOH  or  TDTOH,  MARTIN  (1628  7-1698X  ejected 
minister ;  after  leaving  vicarage  of  Tetney,  1662,  becuae 
an  independent  minister  at  Norwich,  where  Uie  *CHd 
Meeting '  was  built  for  him,  1693 :  published  tJieolofncBl 
works.  [xz.  341] 

FTNB8-0LIHT0V.    [See  C?unton.] 


FYKETTX  or  FIHEIJX,  Sir  JOHN  (1441?-MI7). 
chief-justice  of  king's  bench :  barrister,  Grayti  Inn;  ia>> 
jeant-at-law,  1485  ;  justice  of  aeaiae  and  king's  snrjeut. 
1489 :  judge  of  common  pleas,  1494 :  an  ezecator  d 
Henry  VII's  will,  1609 :  chief  .justice  of  king^  beooii, 
1495 :  in  conference  at  Baynard  Castle  upheld  jorlsdifltioi 
of  temporal  courts  over  clerks,  this  being  ntervai.  to  br 
Lord-chancellor  EUesmere  in  1608  as  a  precedent  fv 
extra-judicial  opinions  of  judges.  [xz.  iC] 


Q 


k 


GABELL.  HENRY  DLSON  (1764-1881 X  head-master 
of  Winchester  ;  fellow  of  New  College,  Oxford,  1782-90  : 
BA.,  1786 :  M.A.  Cambridge,  1807  :  head-master  of  Win- 
chester, 1810-23  ;  published  pamphlets.  [xx.  344] 

GABBIEL,  afterwards  March,  MARY  ANN  VIR- 
GINIA (1825-1877X  musical  composer;  published  song!>, 
operettas,  and  cantatas,  Including  *  Evangeline,'  1873. 

[XX.  «44]      I 

OACE,  WILLIAM  (fl,  1580),  translator ;  B.A.  Clare  ' 
Hall,  Cambridge,  1573 ;  Englished  N.  Hemminge's  *  Com-  > 
mentary  on  the  Epistle  of  St.  James,*  1577,  selected  ser-  ' 
mons  of  Martin  Luther,  1578,  and  Luther's  treatise  to 
Dnke  Frederick  of  Saxony  when  sick,  1580.      [xx.  344] 

GADBTJBT,  JOHN  (1627-1704),  astrologer :  educated  ' 
at  Oxford ;  defended  Lilly  and  other  astrologers  in  *  Phil- 
aatrogns*  Knavery    Epitomised,'   1652;    published   alw 
'  Genethlialogia,  or  the  Doctrine  of  Nativities,*  1658,  and  , 
nativities  of  Cbarles  I,  the  king  of  Sweden,  and  Sir  i 
Matthew  Hales:   produced  *De   Ck>metiB  .  .  .  with   an 
Account  of  the  three  late  Comets  in  1664  and  1665,*  1665, 
*  Vox  Soils ;  or  a  Dtscourse  of  the  Sun's  Eclipse,  22  June 
I666,'*0beeqninm  Ratlonablle,'  1675,  describing  Lilly  as 
bn  impostor,  and  *  A  Ballad  upon  the  Popish  Plot,'  1679 ; 
he  received  compensation  (1681)  for  *  wrongous  imprison- 1 
ment'at  the  ume  of  tbe*Popdsh  Plot';  falsely  aocused 
of  complicity  in  a  plot  against  WUIiam  III,  1690* 

[XX.  345] 

OADDERAB,  JAMES(1656-1733),  restorer  of  Scottish  I 
cpiaoopaoy  ;  M.A.  Glasgow,  1676 ;  mliiisterof  Kilmalcolm,  i 


1682:  *  rabbled*  out,  1688:  ooneecrated  Sootrish  UAop, 
1712,  but  lived  in  London  ;  with  Bishop  Archibald  Gup- 
bell  id.  1744)  [q.  v.]  came  to  Scotland  as  his  *rat! 
1721 :  obtained  sanction  of  *the  usages  *  at  Holy  OodiBiI' 
nion  ;  confirmed  biehop  of  Aberdeen,  1724;  riectedtoM 
of  Moray,  1726.  [xz.  M] 

GADOESOEK,  JOHN  of  (1280T-1S61X  pbTrfeta: 
member  of  Mertoii  0>llege,  Oxford  ;  practised  in  liOodM. 
and  treated  a  son  of  Edward  I  for  smallpox :  his  titstbe. 
*  Hosa  Medicinie '  or '  Rosa  AngUca,'  first  printed  st  Psvik 
7  of  St.  Paul's,  1342:  the  'Gatefdea'tf 


1492;  prebendary 
Chaucer's  prologue. 


[ZX.I47] 


GAD8BY,  WILLIAM  (1773-1844),  particnkr  bo^ 
minister:  pastor  of  Back  Lane  chapel,  MandMrter,iroB 
1805  :  wrote  hymns  :  his  pamphlets  and  sermoof  pB6> 
lished  by  his  son,  1851  and  1864.  [xz.  M] 

GAGE,  FRANCIS  (1621-1682).  ptwddent  of  Do"? 
College,  1676 ;  half-brother  of  Sir  Henry  Gage  [4-^*' 
studied  at  Douay  and  Toomay  College,  Puis,  ooder  Wt« 
llam  Clifford  [q.  v.] :  D.D.  of  the  Sorboone.  1664:  Meit 
to  the  English  chapter  at  Rome,  1669-€1 :  left  in  msBB- 
script  a  iournal  of  his  life.  [zx.  8tf ] 

GAGE.  GEORGE  (/.  1614-1«40X  Bomui  caOdk 
agent :  half-brother  of  I^nancis  Gage  [q.  ▼.] :  friend  of  9r 
Toby  Matthew :  sent  by  James  I  to  Rome,  1621,  todbtdi 
dispensation  for  marriage  of  the  Spaniab  Iniknta  Wi 
Prince  Charles ;  failed  after  three  years'  negotiattona. 

txx.Mll 


GAGE 


478 


GAISFOKD 


B.  Sir  HENRY  (1597-1646),  royalist:  great- 
I  oi  Sir  John  Oage  [q.  v.]  ;  educated  in  Flanders 
Italy  onder  Piccolomini:  in  Spanish  service  at 
;  commanded  company  in  Argyll's  regiment  at 
p-Zoom,  1622,  and  Breda,  1634:  defended  St 
38 :  intercepted  parliament's  supplies  from  Plan- 
ring  the  Rebellion  wa<t  prominent  In  defence  of 
captnrerl  Borstall  House,  and  relieved  Basing 
M4 :  knighted,  1644 ;  governor  of  Oxford  ;  mor- 
ended  at  Abingdon.  [xx.  349] 

C  Sir  JOHN  (1479-1656),  statesman  and  mili- 
mander ;  governor  of  Onisnes  and  comptroller  of 
SS ;  vice-chamberlain  to  the  king,  1528-40 ;  K.O., 
mmissioner  for  surrender  of  religious  houses; 
*  of  the  Tovrett  comptroller  of  the  household, 
I  ^Manoellor  of  the  duchy  of  Lanca^iter  on  fall  of 
1 :  commanded  the  expedition  against  Scotland, 
th  Suffolk  conducted  siege  of  Boulogne :  expelled 
Tj  council  by  Somerset:  joined  Southampton: 
1^  chamberlain  by  Queen  Mary  and  restored  to 
aMeahip  of  the  Tower,  where  he  received  Eliza- 
5,  baring  afterwards  charge  of  her  at  her  own 

[XX.  350] 

£,  JOHN  (1786-1843).    [See  Rokewode,  John 

5,  JOSEPH  or  JOSEPH  EDWARD,  Count 
Db  Gages  (1678?-1753?X  grandee  of  Spain: 
rbomas  Gage  (1721-1787)  [q.  v.]  ;  went  to  Spain 
Dg  a  great  fortune  in  Mississippi  stock:  com- 
Ipanish  troops  in  Italy,  1743-6,  and  was  promoted 
yf  the  first  clan,  receiving  also  from  the  king  of 
le  order  of  St.  Januarius  and  a  pension. 

[XX.  363] 
S,  THOMAS  (d.  1656X  traveller :  brother  of  Sir 
ige  iq.  ▼.] :  when  a  Spanish  Dominican  lived  for 
ne  among  the  Indians  of  Central  America : 
Nicaragua,  reached  Panama,  and,  traversing  the 
eaOed  from  POrtobello ;  reached  Europe,  1637  : 
Isit  to  Loreto  renounced  Catholicism  and  came  to 
,  1641 ;  preached  recantation  sermon  at  St.  Paul's 
d,  1642);  joined  parliamentarians  and  became 
Acrise,  1642,  and  Deal,  c.  1661 ;  died  in  Jamaica, 
Lin  to  Venables.  His  great  work, '  The  English- 
a  his  Travail  by  Sea  and  Land,'  1648,  w:as  trans- 

0  French  by  order  of  Colbert,  1676,  also  into 
3d  (German :  portions  concerning  Laud  and  rules 
iBg  Central  American  languages  appeared  sepa- 

[XX.  363] 

B,  THOMAS  (1721-1787),  general ;  aide-de-camp 
Albemarle  in  Flanders,  1747-8;  as  lieutenant- 
if  the  44th  served  in  America  under  Braddock, 
raised  80th  foot  and  commanded  light  infantry 
ideroga,  1768;  as  brigadier-general  commanded 
rd  of  Amherst:  governor  of  Montreal,  1759-60; 
ineral,    1761  :   commander-in-chief    in   America.  I 

ISentenant-general,  1770 ;   governor  of  Massa- 
,  1774-5  ;  super^ed  by  Howe,  October  1776. 

[XX.  365] 
E,  Sir  WILLIAM   HALL  (1777-1864),  admiral 
eet;  youngest  son  of  Thomas  Gage  (1721-1787) 
entered  navy,  1789;  engaged  off  Toulon,  1795, 
the  Sabina,  1796,  and  at  St  Vincent,  1797  ;  oom- 
tbe  Terpsichore  at  blockade  of  Malta,  and  was  in 
n  with  the  Danish  Freja  ;  commanded  the  Thetis. 
ind  the  Indas.  1813-14  :  rear-admiral,  1831 ;  com-  , 
m  East  lodiex,  1825-30,  at  Plymouth,  1848-61 :  ' 
of  board  of  admiralty,  1842-6 ;  admiral,  1846 ; 
MO ;  admiral  of  the  fleet,  1862.  [xx.  367] 

EX,  WILLIAM  (Jt.  1680-1619),  Latin  dramatist ; 

1  at  Westminster  and  Christ  Church,  Oxford  : 
«0;  D.C.L.,  1589;  chancellor  of  Ely,  1606,  and 
xral  to  Bishop  Andrewes,  1613,  1616,  and  1618 ; 

performance  of  plays  at  Oxford  against  John 
[q.  v.] ;  wrote  five  Latin  plays  acted  at  Oxford : 
imoog   comic   dramatifit:<   in  Meres's  'Palladis 
1598L  [XX.  367] 


t,  JOHN  (1670  ?-1740X  orientalist ;  bom  at 
todied  Hebrew  and  Arabic  at  the  (Tolloge  de  Na- 
f.A.  Oambridge,  1703 ;  settled  at  Oxford  under 
V  of  Bi«hop  William  Lloyd,  taught  Hebrew,  and 
professor  <rf  Arabic,  1724;  published  editions  of 
ioo's  '  History  of  the  Jews,'  1706,  and  of  AbQ  Al- 
Ufeof  Mahomet,'  1723,  a1.«o  a  translation  of  the 
reatUe  of  Rhazes  ou  the  smallpox.       [xx.  358] 


OAHAGAN,  USHER  (d.  1749X  claaaioal  scholar; 
edited  Latin  authors  for  Brindley's  chiSdics;  rendered 
in  Latin  verse  Pope's  *EKsay  on  Criticism,'  1747,  and 
'  Messiah  '  and  '  Temple  of  Fame,'  1749 ;  hangnl  for  coin- 
ing. [XX.  869] 

GAHAN,  WILLIAM  (1730-1804X  Irish  ecclesiastic 
and  author ;  graduated  at  Louvain  ;  received  back  into 
the  Roman  church  John  Butler,  twelfth  lord  Dunboyne 
[q.  v.] ;  Imprisoned,  1802,  for  refusing  to  reveal  to  the 
court  of  assize  details  of  his  relations  with  John  Butler ; 
published  '  Sermons  and  Moral  Discourses  *  and  popular 
devotional  works.  [xx.  360] 

GAIKAK,  GEOFFREY  (Jt.  1140  ?X  author  of  *  Lestorie 
des  Engles,'  probably  a  Norman  resident  at  Scampton, 
Lincolnshire.  [xx.  360] 

GAIKSBOBOTTGH,  THOMAS  (1727-1788X  painter : 
youngest  son  of  a  Sudbury  wool  manufacturer ;  studied 
under  Gravelot  and  Francis  Hay  man  [q.  v.]  in  London  ; 
married  and  lived  at  Ipswich,  1746-60,  where  he  became 
acquainted  with  John  Joi-hua  Kirby  [q.  v.]  and  Philip 
Thicknesse;  painted  'Gainsborough's  Forest*  (National 
Gallery)  and  portraits  of  Admiral  Vernon  and  others; 
resided  at  Bath,  1760-74 ;  during  those  years  contributed 
eighteen  pictures  to  the  Society  of  Artists;  elected  an 
original  member  of  the  Royal  Academy,  1768,  and  exhi- 
bited there,  1769-72,  as  well  as,  after  a  misunderstanding 
with  Reynolds,  at  the  Free  Society ;  settled  in  London, 
1774;  resumed  exhibiting  at  Academy,  1779-^,  but  in 
consequence  of  a  dispute  about  hanging  three  portraits, 
withdrew  all  his  works,  1784,  and  henceforth  showed  his 
pictures  in  his  own  house.  To  the  Bath  period  are  assigned 
his  two  portraits  of  Garrick,  those  of  Quin,  Foote,  (hpin 
(National  Gallery),  Lord  Camden,  Richardran,  Sterne,  and 
Ohatterton,  and  'The  Harvest  W^aggon ' ;  to  the  London 
period  belong  two  portraits  of  the  Duchess  of  DevonsUre 
(including  that  stolen  in  1876X  the  full-length  known  as 
'The  Blue  Boy,'  Mr.  Bate,  Mrs.  Siddons  (both  in  the 
National  Gallery X  and  C!olonel  St.  Leger( Hampton  Gonrt), 
'  The  View  in  the  Mall  of  St.  James's  Park,'  'Girl  with  Piga ' 
(bought  by  Reynolds),  and  many  fine  landscapes.  Among 
his  intimate  friends  were  Burke  and  Sheridan,  and  he  was 
reconciled  to  Reynolds  on  his  deathbed.  [xx.  861] 

GAIN8B0B0UGH,  WILLIAM  (<f.  1307X  ecclesiastic ; 
when  divinity  lecturer  of  the  Franciscans  at  Oxford  one 
of  the  embassy  sent  by  Edward  I  to  Philip  IV  of  France 
and  Pope  Boniface  VIII ;  reader  in  theology  to  the  pope, 
1300:  appointed  to  the  see  of  Worcester  by  'provision,' 
1302,  but  compelled  to  renounce  the  grant ;  one  of  the 
cmba^ssy  to  Clement  V,  1306  ;  sent,  1307,  to  arrange  for 
the  marriage  of  Prince  Edward  with  Isabella  of  France ; 
died  at  Beauvais.  [xx.  367] 

GAIN8F0BD,  THOMAS  (<f.  1624 ?X  author:  served 
in  Ireland  against  the  Spaniards  (1601)  and  Tyrone ;  pub- 
lished 'Vision  and  Discourse  of  Henry  the  seventh  con- 
cerning the  unitie  of  Great  Britaine,'  1610,  'The  Historie 
of  Trebizond,*  1616,  and  other  works.  [xx.  368] 

GAIBONEB,  JOHN  (1790-1876),  medical  reformer; 
M.D.  Edinburgh,  1811 ;  studied  anatomy  under  Bell :  pre- 
sident of  the  Edinburgh  College  of  Surgeons,  1830-2; 
obtained  leave  for  medical  students  to  attend  extra- 
academical  lectures,  and  was  active  in  obtaining  by  the 
act  of  1869  legal  status  for  every  licensed  practitioner  in 
Great  Britain;  published  lectures  on  Edinburgh  medical 
history ;  his  '  Burns  and  the  Ayri'hire  Moderates '  pnb- 
lii-hed  posthumously.  [xx.  36H] 

GAIBSNEB,  WILLIAM  (1793-1867),  physician: 
brother  of  John  Gairdner  [q.  v.]  ;  M.D.  Edinburgh,  1813 ; 
L.R.C.P.,  1823;  died  at  Avignon;  published  treatise  on 
'Gout,'l&49.  [XX.  369] 

GAI8F0BD,  THOMAS  (1779-1855X  dean  of  Christ 
Church,  Oxford:  student  of  CHirist  Church,  1800  ;  M.A., 
1804:  appointed  regius  professor  of  Greek,  1818:  canon 
of  Llandaff  and  St.  Paul's,  1823,  Worcester,  1825,  Durham, 
1831 ;  dean  of  Christ  Church,  Oxford,  1831-56 ;  edited 
the  ' Tusculan  Disputations,'  1805,  and  'De  Oratore'  of 
Cicero,  1809 ;  the  works  of  Euripide<>.  Sophocles,  and 
Herodotus,  1824,  ♦  Heph«stion  de  Motri?,'  1810,  '  Poetae 
Qraeci  Minores,'  1814-20,  'Suids  Lexicon,'  1834,  'Etymo- 
logicon  Magnum,'  1848,  several  works  of  Eus^ius  and 
Thcodoret,  and  an  edition  of  the  Septuagint,  1848.  The 
Gaisford  prizes  at  Oxford  for  Greek  pnMe  and  ven>e  were 
founded,  1866.  [xx.  370] 


aALBRAITH 


474 


GAIXOWAY 


OALBRAITH,  ROBEBT  (4. 1M3),  Scottish  judge: 
advocate  to  Quoen  MaxKaret  Tudor ;  one  of  the  oricnnal 
lords  of  the  Ck>llege  of  Senators,  1537 ;  murdered  by  John 
Oarkettle  of  Edinburgh.  [zx.  372] 

OALDBIO.  OTTALDBIO,  or  WALDBIO  (d.  1112), 
blahop  of  Laon  ;  chuioellor  of  Henry  I ;  captured  Dukie 
Robert  of  Normandy  at  Toichebral,  1106 :  bishop  of 
Laon,  1106 :  expelled  from  his  diocese  after  the  murder  by 
his  brother  of  Gerard,  ca!>tellan  of  Iiaon,  but  restored  by 
Louis  VI,  1109;  having  attempted  to  abolish  the  'com- 
mune' granted  in  his  absence,  was  murdered  in  the 
cellars  of  his  cathedraL  [xx.  372] 

GALE,  DUNSTAN  (ft.  1696X  poet:  author  of 
*Pyramu8  and  Thisbe,'  1597.  [xx.  373] 

GALS.  QBORGB  (1797  7-1850),  aeronaut:  played 
Manppa  in  New  York,  1831 :  joined  a  trit>e  of  Indians, 
with  six  of  whom  he  was  exhibited  at  the  Victoria  Theatre, 
London ;  made  liis  first  ascent  from  Peckham,  1848 ; 
perished  at  the  114th  ascent  made  in  the  Boyal  Cremome, 
near  Bordeaux.  [xx.  373] 

GALE,  JOHN  (1680-1721),  general  baptist  minister ; 
M.A.  and  Ph.D.  Leyden,  1699:  chairman  of  Whiston's 
*  society  for  promoting  primitive  christiuiity,*  1715-16 ; 
took  liberal  side  at  Salters'  HaU  dispute,  1719 ;  introduced 
by  Shutc  to  whig  bishops  :  published  *  Reflections  on  Mr. 
Wall's  History  of  Infant  Baptism,'  1711.  [xx.  374] 

GALE,  MILES  (1647-1721),  antiquary :  M.A.  Trinity 
OoUege.  Cambridge,  1670 :  rector  of  Keighley,  1680-1721  : 
published  '  Memoirs  of  the  Family  of  Gale,'  1703.  and 
'  Description  of  the  Parish  of  Keighley.'  [xx.  374] 

GALE.  ROGER  (1672-1 744X  antiquary :  eldest  son  of 
Thomas  Gale  (16367-1702)  [q.  ▼.]  :  educated  at  SL  Paul's 
School  and  Trinity  Oollege,  Cambridge;  fellow,  1697; 
M.A^  1698 ;  M.P.,  Northallerton,  1705-10 ;  commissioner 
of  excise,  1715-85 ;  friend  of  Stulceley,  Willis,  and  Heame ; 
first  vioe-preaidcnt  of  Society  of  AnUqnaries,  and  treasurer 
of  Royal  Society ;  left  manuscripts  to  Trinity  College  and 
coins  to  the  university  library ;  his  topographical  papers 
collected  in  '  Bibliothcca  Topographica  Britanuica,*  1781. 

[XX.  376] 

GALE,  SAMUEL  (1682-1754),  antiquary ;  brother  of 
Roger  Gale  [q.  v.]  ;  educated  at  St.  Paul's  School ;  first 
treasurer  of  revived  Society  of  Antiquaries,  1718;  tra- 
velled about  in  England  incognito  ^th  Dr.  Dncarcl 
[q-  v.]  :  published  (1715)  'History  of  Winchester  Cathc- 
ilzaV  begun  by  Henry,  earl  of  Clarendon.         [xx.  376] 

GALE,  THEOPHILUS  (1628-1678X  nonconformUt 
tutor :  fellow  (rf  Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  1650-60 ;  M.A., 
1652;  tutor  to  Thomas  (afterwanla  Marquis)  Wharton 
and  his  brother,  1662-5 ;  tutor  and  indq;)endent  minister 
at  Newington  Green ;  left  his  library  to  Harvard  College ; 
published  *  The  Court  of  the  Gentiles,'  1669-77,  *  A  True 
Idea  of  Jansenismc,'  1669,  and  other  theological  works. 

[XX.  377] 

GALE,  THOMAS  (1607-1587),  surgeon :  served  with 
the  army  of  Henry  VIII  in  France,  1544,  and  with  that 
of  Philip  II  at  St  Qnentin,  1557 :  master  of  the  Barber- 
Surgeons*  Company,  1561 ;  published  a  volume  on  sur- 
gery, 1563,  containing  the  prescription  for  his  styptic 
powiier.  [xx.  378] 

GALS.  THOMAS  (16357-1702),  dean  of  York ;  educated 
at  Westminster  and  Trinity  College.  Cambridge :  M.A., 
1662 ;  fellow,  1669 ;  C!ambridge  professor  of  Greek,  1666- 
1672 ;  high  master  of  St.  Paul's,  1672-97  ;  active  member 
of  the  Boyal  Society  from  1677 ;  dean  of  York,  1697-1702 ; 
edited  *  Opuscula  Mythologica,  cthica  et  physics,'  1671. 
*Hi8toriffi  PoeticoB  Scrlptorcs  Antiqui,'  1675,  *Rhetores 
Select!,*  1676,  vol  ii.  of  *  Hiatori>e  Anglicanas  Scriptoret*,' 
1687,  ^Hlstorin  Britannicaa.  Saxoniose,  Anglo-Donicie 
Scriptores,*  1691,  and  *  Antoniui  Iter  Britanniarum,'  1709. 

[XX.  378] 

GALEHBI8,  JOHN  (/T.  1215).     [See  Wallknbis.] 

GALBON,  WILLIAM  (d.  1507),  Angustinian:  pro- 
vindal  in  England  ;  various  theolc^cal  worlra  ascribed 
to  him.  [xx.  380] 

GALETS,  Sir  HENRY  le  {d.  1302  ?).   [See  Walcy?.] 
GALFBIDTXS.    [See  Geoffrry  of  Moxmouth.] 


GALGAOVB  or  OALGAOUS  (/.  c  84X 

I  chieftain ;  oommander  of  the  tribes  defeated  at  Gnunplaf 


by  Agrioola. 


[ZZ.380} 


GALIGHANI,  JOHN  ANTHONY  (1796-1873),  pub- 
lisher in  Paris ;  bom  in  London :  imoed,  with  his  brotter 
William  GaUgnani  [q.  v.]  till  186S,  in  Paris,  reprintiaf 
English  books ;  carried  on  '  The  MestKoger  *  founded  (7 
his  father,  1815;  erected  at  Neuilly  a  hospital  {an 
orphanage)  for  indigent  British.  [xx.  ISQ 

GALIGVAHI,  WILLIAM  (1798-1882),  pubUsberio 
Paris :  brother  of  John  Anthony  Galignanl  [q.  v.],  in  aU 
whose  undertakings  he  took  put.  [xx.  S8D] 

GALL,  Saint  (550  ?-646  ?X  originally  named  Ohlach 
or  Catlusch,  abbot  and  apoetle  of  the  Soevi  and  kk- 
manni :  reputed  son  of  a  noble  Irishman  and  a  qinen  «f 
Hungary ;  educated  by  St.  Oolumban  at  Bangor ;  folknnd 
St.  (5olumban  to  Gaul,  c  586,  and  at  Aibon  and  Breflm 
preached  to  the  people  in  their  own  tongue :  boilt  oeU  01 
the  Steinach  river,  which  became  the  nncteos  of  tta 
monastery  of  St.  Gall ;  died  at  Arbon ;  oommanofatud 
16  Oct.  and  20  Feb.  [xx.  Kl] 

GALL,  RICHARD  (1776-1801), Scottish  poet;  frtend 
of  Bums  and  Campbell ;  his  *  Poems  and  Songs,*  pnbKdMd, 
1819.  [XX.  882] 

GALLAGHER,  JAMES  (d.  1761X  Roman  catboKe 
bishop  of  Raphoe,  1725,  and  KUdarc,  1737  r  pobUihri 
*  Irish  Sermons,  in  an  easy  and  familiar  style,*  1735. 

[xi.38f] 

GALLAN,  Saint  (yf.  500).    [See  Grellan.] 

GALLENGA,      ANTONIO    CARLO    NAPOLlOin 
(1810-1895),  author  and  journalist;  bOTn  and  educated  at 
Parma ;  took  part  in  political  a^tation  in  Italy,  ISSO^ud 
was  compelled  to  live  in  exile,  assuming  omms  of  Loiti 
Mariotti;    successful  lecturer,  teacher,   and  writer  far 
magazines  in  New  York,  1836 ;  came  to  England,  IW : 
teacher  and  translator ;  professor  of  xDodetn  langusfei  rt 
King's  College,  Windsor,  Nova  Scotia,  c  1841-S :  returnd 
to  Rngbind,  1843  ;  naturalised,  1846 ;  professor  of  Itste 
language   and    literature,  Univenity   (TdUege,   Loodoo, 
1848-59  ;  charge  d'affaires  at  Frankfdrt»  1848 ;  rsridslii 
Italy,  1854-7 ;  deputy  in  Piedmonteee  parliament,  ill 
oorrcitpoudent  of  *  Daily  News'  ;  *Times*  oomspoodflft 
in  Italy,  1859-64 :  deputy  of    Italian  ofaamber,  18fM«: 
'Times'  war  correspondent  in  United  States,  1813, ssi 
Denmark,  1864;  leader-writer  for  *TinMS,'  1816-73.  ssi 
correspondent  in    Spain,    1874    and  1879,  and  at  Om* 
stantinople,  1875-7.     His  publications  ioolode  'Ita^: 
General  views  of  its  History  and  Literatore,*  1841  (R* 
printed  as  'Italy,  Past  and  Present,'  1846).  and  an  ItiliH 
grammar,  1858.  [BuppL  IL  Stt] 

GALLEN-BIDGEWAY,   first  Baron   (1565?-iaiX 
[See  RiDOBWAT,  Sir  Thomas,  Earl  of  Londosdbbt.] 


GALLTAKT),  JOHN  ERNEST  (1687  7-1749), 
composer ;  son  of  a  hairdresser  at  ZeU  ;  said  to  have  bM 
chamber-musician  to  Prince  George  of  DennaikM^ 
Hughes's  'Calypso  and  Telemachus,*  1719:  pionM 
music  for  pantomimes  and  farces  at  Clovent  (Saraes  vA 
Lincoln's  Inn  Fields,  1717-86 ;  composed  six  eantstM  to 
Ck>ngreve'9,  Prior's,  and  Hughes's  words,  sonatas  fortrt^ 
bassoon,  and  vi(din,  and  a  setUng  of  the  morning  IiJHi* 
from  'Paradise  Lost';  translated  Tool's  ^OptalSii  A 
Oautori  Antlchi  c  Modemi,'  1742.  [zz.  VX\ 

GALLIVI,  GIOVANNI  ANDREA  BATTISTA,  odM 
Sir  John  (1728-1805Xdancing-ma8ter;  came  to  Engkndi 
c.  1753 :  director  of  dances  and  stage-manager  at  ttiy* 
market  opera-house :  hail  irreat  vogue  as  a  dancdng-maitar ; 
married  Lady  Elizabeth  Peregrine  Bertie,  eldest  danghlK 
of  third  Earl  of  Abingdon  :  created  knight  of  the  QoUn 
Spur  by  the  pope ;  boilt  Hanover  Square  ooiioert-roaai: 
published  treatises  on  oalisthenios.  [zx.  384] 

GALLOWAY.  9m  A  RCHIB  ALD  (1780  7-18I0X  najoi^ 
general ;  entered  Bcngiil  native  infantry,  1800 :  cotond  ol 
the  58th,  1836  ;  major-general,  1841 ;  K.CJB.,  1848 ;  chaii^ 
man  of  the  East  India  Company,  1849 :  published  worin, 
including '  Notes  on  Siege  of  Delhi,*  1804,  and  'On  Sieges 
of  India.'  [xx.  S84] 

GALLOWAY,  JOSEPH  (1780-1803).  lawyer :  bqm  ta 
Maryland:  as  speaker  of  Pennsylvania  snpportad  lbs 
popular  aTatnst  the  proprietary  interest,  and  was  dal- 
leoged  (1764)  by  John  DioUnsou :  wtaea  iiwmb«r  of  the 


GAIiliOWAY 


475 


GAMMAGE 


proposed  and  published  (1775)   plan   for 

efeween  Great  Britain  and  the  colonies ;    joined 

1776;    gare  eridence  before  parliament,  1778; 

A  pampblcta,  incloding  attacki!  on  the  Howes  for 

ndnet  of  the  war.  [xx.  385] 

LOWAY,  PATRICK  (1M1?-1628  ?),  Scottish 
preachfBd  against  Lennox  at  Perth,  and  was 
d  ol  being  privy  to  the  raid  of  Rathren,  1S8S : 
ewgi«nri^  1584 ;  minister  of  the  royal  hooaehold  of 
1  and  modoutor  of  the  general  assembly,  1690 ; 
James  VI  f<M-  recalling  Arran,  159S,  and  refused 
thm  *■  baud '  of  1596 :  again  moderator,  1602  :  pre- 
Sampton  Court  conference,  1604 ;  minister  of  St. 
Uinborgh,  1607 ;  member  of  the  high  oommistiion 
dgned  protestation  for  liberties  of  the  kirk,  1617, 
noKted  five  artidea  of  Perth;  edited  works  by 
fL  [XX.  386] 

I0WAY,  THOMAS  (1796-1851),  mathematician ; 
Qatazgh ;  teacher  <^  mathematics  at  Sandhurst, 
vsistxmr  of  Amicable  Life  Assurance  (Company, 
MJS.  and  F.R.AJS.,  1829  ;  contributed  to  seventh 
of  *  Bncycli^MBdia  Britannica*  and  *  Edinburgh 

[XX.  887] 

LT,  HENRY  (1696-1769),  divine  and  schoUu-; 
orpaa  Chrifiti  (Allege,  (Cambridge,  1721;  D.D., 
laplain  to  Lord  King,  1725  ;  prebendary  of  Glou- 
738,  of  Norwich,  1731;  rector  of  St.  Giles-in-the- 
733 :  chaplain  to  Qmrge  II,  1785 ;  edited  Theo- 
i»  with  an  essay  on  *  Characteristic  Writings,' 
aUiahed  pamphlets  on  tenure  of  corporate  estates 
nd  on  clandestine  marriages  (1750)  and  essays 
piropoancing  Greek  aooording  to  accent. 

[XX.  388] 
JTOT,  third  Viscount  (1652-1740).   [See  Bittlsr, 

3 


JOHN  (d.  1806X  author  of  'Synoptical 
d  of  the  British  Flora,'  1806.  [xx.  388] 

T,  Sir  ALEXANDER  TILLOdH  (1817-1893X 
miniBta'  of  Canada :  son  of  John  (3alt  [q.  v.] ; 
a  Sberbrooke,  Lower  Canada,  1836;  commissioner 
ah-Amerioan  Land  Company,  1844 ;  active  pro- 
f  railways :  liberal  M.P.  for  county  of  Sherbrooke, 
11853-73;  inspector-general,  1858-63  and  1864-5; 
»to  Oharlottetown  and  Qu^)ec  conferences,  1864 ; 
iiistier  of  finance  on  inauguration  of  dominion  of 
,  1867-73;  nominee  of  Canada  on  Halifax  oom- 
,  1877;  high  commissioner  for  the  dominion  in 
I,  1880-3;  G.C.M.G.,  1878:  honorary  LL.D. 
rgh,  1878  ;  published  pamphlets  on  political  ques- 

[SuppL  ii.  264] 

.T,  JOHN  (1779-1839),  novelist;  employed  in 
Jc  coatom-house  and  in  a  mercantile  house ;  came 
on,  e.  1803,  and  published  a  poem  on  the  '  Battte  of 

entered  at  Lincoln's  Inn  ;  while  on  a  commercial 
to  the  continent  (1809)  travelled  with  Byron  fqom 
ur  to  Malta,  visited  (joustantinople  and  Greece; 
sd  (1812)  an  account  of  his  travels  and  a  life  of 
;  edited  the  '  New  British  Theatre,'  1814-16,  con- 

hla  play  *  The  Witness ' :  compiled  '  Life  .  .  . 
liea  of  Benjamin  West  *  (1816-20) ;  published '  The 

1816;  compiled  'Voyages'  under  pseudonym  S. 
od  *  Tour  of  Aria '  and  '  The  Wandering  Jew '  as 
Claric ;  produced  novels,  *  The  Ayrshire  Legatees ' 
Annals  of  the  Parish '  (1821),  *  Sir  Andrew  Wylie ' 
axKl  'The  BntaU'  (1824);  visited  Canada,  1824 
S,  aa  secretary  to  a  company  formed  for  the  pur- 
f  crown  land ;  founded  town  of  Guelph  ;  impri- 
R-  debt  after  his  return,  1829  ;  published  *  Lawrie 
and  *■  Life  of  Byron,'  1830,  and  '  Liv^  of  the 
' :  met  CJarlyle :  issued  his  'Autobiography,'  1833, 
terary  Life,'  1834,  for  which  William  IV  sent  him 
aimlyind,  1834,  bat  continued  literary  work. 

[XX.  388] 
TOH,  Sir  DOUGLAS  STRUTT  (1822-1899),  man 
X  and  captain,  royal  engineers ;  educated  at  Rugby 
ml  Military  Academy,  Woolwich ;  lieutenant,  royal 
«,  1843  ;  first  captain,  1855 ;  served  in  Mediten- 

joined  ordnance  survey,  1846 ;  secretary  to  rail- 
mmiarion,  1847,  and  to  royal  commission  on 
km  at  iron  to  railway  structures ;  secretary  to 
department  of  board  of  trade,  1854 ;  chairman  of 
iae  to  investigate  question  of  electric  submarine 
h  eaUea,  185»-61:   assistant  permanent  under- 


secretary for  war,  1863-9  :  C.B.,  1865  :  director  of  pablic 
works  and  buildings,  1869-76 ;  preaident  of  British 
Association,  1895 ;  president  of  senate  of  Univenity 
College,  London ;  K.O.B.,  1887  ;  honorary  M.I.C.E.,  1894 ; 
honorary  D.C.L.  Oxford,  1875;  P.R.S.,  1859;  published 
,  works  on  sanitary  and  educational  questions. 

[Suppl.  iL  2661 
OALTOV,  MARY  ANNE  (1778-1856).  [SeeSCHDUfXL- 
psmiiiiCK.] 

OALWAY,  Earl  of  (1648-1720).  [See  Massub  di 
RuviONY,  Henri  db.] 

OAK,  DAVID  (d.  1415%  Welsh  warrior ;  real  name 
Davydd  ab  Llkwklyn  ;  rewarded  for  fidelity  to  Henry  IV 
during  revolt  of  Glendower  by  confiscated  lands  in  South 
Wales,  1401 ;  captured  by  Glendower ;  followed  Henry  V 
to  France  and  fell  at  Agincourt.  [xx.  893] 


;  Sir  EDWARD  JOHN  (1794-1879),  chief- 
justice  of  Madras ;  nephew  of  James,  barou  Gambler 
[q.  v.]  ;  fellow  of  Trinity  College,  Cambridge  ;  M.A.,  1820 ; 
barrister,  Lincoln's  Inn,  1822;  municip^  corporation 
commissioner,  1833 ;  recorder  of  Prince  of  Wales  island, 
1834  ;  chief- justice  at  Madras,  1842-9  ;  published 
'  Treatise  on  Parochial  Settlement,'  183&  [xx.  393] 


L,  JAMES  (1723-1789),  vice-admiral ;  uncle 
of  James,  baron  Gambler  [q.  v.];  present  at  capture  of 
Louisbourg,  1758,  Guadaloupe,  1759,  and  the  battle  of 
Quiberon  Bay,  1759;  commander-in-chief  on  north 
American  station,  1770-3;  second  in  command  under 
Howe  at  New  York;  vice-admiral,  1780;  commander  at 
Jamaica,  1783-4.  [xx.  398] 

GAKBIER,  JAMES,  first  Baron  Gambisr  (1756-1888X 
admiral  of  the  fleet;  captured  by  jd'Estaing  in  tbie 
Thunder  txnnb  ;  took  part  in  relief  of  Jen«ey,  1779,  and 
capture  of  Charle»town,  1780 :  in  the  Defence  first  to  break 
enemy's  line  In  Howe's  victory  of  1  June  1794 :  a  lord  of 
the  admiralty,  1795-1801  and  1804-6 ;  rear-admiral  and 
vice-admiral,  1799;  governor  of  Newfoundland,  1808-4; 
admiral,  1805 ;  ted  the  fleet  at  bombardment  of  OapeOf 
hagen,  the  Danish  fleet  being  surrendered,  1807  ;  created 
Bajx>n  (Jambier;  commanded  Channel  fleet,  1808-11  ; 
blockaded  French  fleet  in  Basque  roads  and  destroyed  it 
by  flreships;  a  commissioner  for  treaty  with  United 
States,  1814  ;  G.C.B.,  1815 ;  admiral  of  the  fleet,  1830. 

[XX.  398] 

OAXBLE,  JOHN  (<f.  1687),  musician  in  Chapel  Royal 
and  composer ;  published  '  Ayres  and  Dialogues  to  be  sung 
to  the  theorbo,  lute,  or  base  violl,'  1656,  and '  Ayres  and  Dia- 
logues, for  one,  two,  and  tliree  voyces,'  1659.     [xx.  395] 

OAKBLE,  JOHN  (</.  1811X  writer  on  telegraphy ; 
fellow  of  Pembroke  Ck)llege,  (Cambridge ;  M.A.,  1787 ; 
chaplain  to  the  Duke  of  York,  and  chaplain-general  of  the 
forces  ;  published  '  Observations  on  Telegraphic  Experi- 
ments,' 1795,  and  *  Essay  on  the  different  Modes  of  (Com- 
munication by  Signals,*  1797.  [xx.  395] 

OAMBOLD,  JOHN  (1711-1771X  bishop  of  the  Unitas 
Fratrum ;  while  at  Christ  Church,  Oxford,  was  a  member 
of  the  Wesleys'  *  Holy  Club ' ;  vicar  of  Stanton-Harcourt, 
1735-42:  formed  Anglican  branch  of  Moravians,  1749, 
and  was  consecrated  a  bishop,  1763  ;  prominent  at  synod 
of  Marienbom,  1764  ;  founded  community  atCootehill,  co. 
Cavan,  1765;  translated  Count  Ziiizendorfs  'Maxims* 
into  English  in  1761;  published  also  'Collection  of 
Hymns,'  1764,  and  posthumous  '  Poems,'  1816 ;  edited 
Bacon,  1765.  [xx.  396] 

GAKELINE  (</.  1271),  lord-chancellor  of  SooUand, 
1250-63 ;  chaplain  of  Innocent  IV,  1264 :  bishop  of  St. 
Andrews,  1255 ;  banished  from  Scotland  for  prohibiting 
Alexander  III  from  seizing  church  property;  died  in 
Scotland.  [xx.  397] 

OAKGEE,  JOSEPH  SAMPSON  (1828-1886),  surgeon ; 
bom  and  educated  in  Italy ;  Liston  prizeman,  University 
0>llege,  1858  ;  surgeon  to  British-Italian  legion,  1865,  to 
Queen's  Hospital,  Birmingham,  1857-81;  published 
'On  the  Advantages  of  the  Starched  Apparatus  in  the 
Treatment  of  Fractures,'  1868,  'On  the  Treatment  of 
Wounds  and  Fractures,'  1883,  '  On  Absorbent  and  Anti- 
Eeptic  Surgical  Dressings,'  1880,  and  other  works. 

[XX.  398] 

GAHUAGE,  ROBERT  GEORQE  (1816-1888), 
chartist ;  deputy  from  Northampton  to  national  conven- 
tion of  1838 ;  opposed  Feargus  O'Connor :  published 
'  History  of  the  Chartist  Movement,*  1854.        [xx.  899] 


GAMMON 


476 


GARDINER 


I 


OAXMOV,  JAMES  (fl.  1660-1670),  engraver  of  por- 
traits  valaed  for  their  rarity.  [xx.  399] 

OAMON  or  OAUMON,  HANNIBAL  (A  164SX 
puritan  divine  ;  M.A.  Broadgatee  Hall  (Pembroke  Oollege), 
Oxford,  1607:  rector  of  Mawgan-in-Pyder,  Oomwall, 
1619,  which  county  he  represented  in  the  Westminster 
assembly,  164S.  [xx.  399] 

OANDELL,  ROBERT  (1818-188n,  professor  of  Arabic 
Bt  Oxford:  B.A.  Queen's  College,  Oxford,  1843;  Michel 
fellow  of  Queen's  College,  1846-60:  professor  of  Arabic, 
1861 :  canon  of  Wells,  1880;  edited  Lightfoot's  *Hone 
Hebraicte,'  1869,  and  contributed  to  'Speaker's  Com- 
xzkentary.*  [xx.  400] 

OAKDOLPHT,  PETER  (1779-1891),  Jesuit :  educated 
at  Li^  and  Stonyhiurst;  celebrated  as  a  preacher  at 
the  Spanish  Chapel,  Manchester  Square;  suspended  and 
censured  by  Bishop  Poynter  for  his  *  liturgy,'  1812,  and 
*  Defence  of  the  Ancient  Faith,'  1813-16.  [xx.  400] 

OANOOV,  JAMES  (1743-1833),  architect ;  articled 
to  Sir  William  Chambers :  with  J.  woolfe  published  con- 
tinuation of  Campbell's  *  Vitruvius  Britannious,'  1767-71 ; 
won  first  gold  medal  for  architecture  at  Royal  Academy, 
1768,  and  exhibited  drawings,  1774-80:  designed  at 
Dublin  many  public  works,  including  portico  and  screen 
wall  to  Parliament  House,  1786,  Four  Courts,  1786,  and 
King's  Inns,  1796-9 ;  original  member  of  Royal  Irish 
Academy.  [xx.  401] 

OAVDT,  HENRY  (1649-1734X  nonjuring  bishop; 
educated  at  Merchant  Taylors*  School  and  Oriel  College, 
Oxford :  M.A.,  1674 ;  fellow,  1670 ;  proctor,  1683  ;  deprived 
of  fellowship  for  refusing  oath  of  allegiance,  1690;  con- 
secrated bishop,  1716,  by  Jeremy  Collier  [q.  v.],  Nathaniel 
Spinckes  [q.  v.],  and  Samuel  Hawes  (4.  17SS):  published 
theological  works.  [Suppl.  ii.  S69] 

OAKOT,  JAMBS  (1619-1689X  portrait-painter;  puoU 
of  Vandyck.  many  of  whose  portraits  he  copied  for  the 
Duke  of  Ormonde.  [xx.  408] 

OAKDT,  JOHN  PETER  (1787-1850).     [See  Deer- 

INO.] 

OANDT,  JOSEPH  MICHAEL (1771-1843),  architect; 
pupil  of  Wyatt :  received  the  Pope's  medal  for  architec- 
ture, 1796  ;  exhibited  at  the  Academy,  1789-1888;  A.RJL., 
1808  ;  executed  many  drawings  for  Shr  John  Soane  [q.  v.]  ; 
designed  Phoenix  and  Pelican  Insurance  offices.  Charing 
Cross  ;  contributed  illustraUons  to  Britton's  *  Architec- 
tural Antiquities.'  [XX.40S] 

OANDT,  MICHAEL  (1778-1862X  architect;  brother 
of  Joseph  Michael  Gandy  [q.  v.]  ;  employed  in  Indian  I 
naval  service  and  by  Sir  Jeffrey  Wyatville  [q.  v.] :  ex-  | 
hibited  at  Academy  *  Burning  of  Onmst  and  Kupers  ' 
Iceland,  Batavia,'  1812.  [xx.  403] 

OANOT.  WILLIAM  {d.  1729),  portrait-painter ;  son  ' 
of  James  Oandy  [q.  v.]  His  pictures,  most  of  which  are  i 
to  be  found  in  the  west  of  England,  were  much  admired  by  ' 
Reynolds  and  Northcote.  [xx.  403]      ' 

6ABBET,  SAMUEL  (d.  1761?),  author  of  •History  j 
of  Wem'  (published  1818),  second  master  at  Wem  School,  ! 
1712-42;  M.A.  Christ  Church,  Oxford,  1707;  transUted 
PhiPdnu,  Books  L  and  il.,  1716.  [xx.  403]      | 

GARBETT,  EDWARD  (1817-1887),  divine :  M.A.  ' 
Brasenose College,  Oxford,  1847:  editor  of  the  ♦Record,' 
1854-67;  incumbent  of  Christ  Church,  Surbiton,  1863,  of 
Barcombe,  1877;  Bampton  lecturer,  1867;  published 
Boyle  Lectures  (1860  ana  1863),  Bampton  Lectures  (1867), 
and  other  works.  [xx.  404] 

OABBBTT,  JAMBS  (1802-1879),  professor  of  poetry 
at  Oxford:  brother  of  Edward  Garbett  [q.  v.]:  fdlow  of 
Queen's  College,  Oxford,  1824-6,  of  Brasenose,  1826-36 ; 
MJ^.,  1826 ;  incumbent  of  Clayton-cum-Keymer,  1836-79  : 
Bampton  lecturer,  1842;  professor  of  poetry,  1842-52; 
archdeacon  of  CMchester,  1861 :  published  an ti-tractarian 
Bampton  lectures  and  «De  Rei  Poeticas  Idea,*  1843. 

[XX.  404] 

OABBRAITD,  HERKS  (fi.  1666).  Dutch  protestant 
refugee :  bookwller,  and  also,  after  1646,  wine-seller  at 
Oxfonl.  [XX.  406] 

GABBBAND,  or  Hkrrr,  JOHN  (1642-1689),  divine ; 
son  of  Herks  Oarbrand  [q.  v.]  ;  educated  at  Winche9ter 


and  New  College,  Oxford;  feUow,  1669;  M.A^  1867: 
M.A.  Cambridge,  1668 ;  D.D.  Oxford,  1689 ;  prebendary 
of  Balisbiix^v,  1666,  and  of  Welh  ;  rector  of  North  Cravlej 
and  Fftrthingstone ;  edited  three  worki  of  hii  patroo, 
Bishop  JcweL  [xx.  406] 

GABBBAND,  JOHN  (/.  1696),  writer  of  pamphletj 
*  to  clear  the  duke  of  York  from  being  a  papist ' ;  soo  of 
Tobias  Oarbrand  {d.  1689)  [q.  v.] :  B.A.  New  Inn  Hall, 
Oxford,  1667  ;  barrister.  Inner  Temple.  {xx.  406] 

OABB&AHD,  TOBIAS  (1679-1638X  probably  grand- 
father of  John  Oarbrand  (yf.  1696)  [q.  v.]  ;  vice-presideot 
of  Magdalen  College,  Oxford  (1618),  and  vicar  iA  FiJideD. 
Sussex  (1618-38).  [xx.  408] 

GABBBAND,  TOBIAS  (cf.  1689),  principal  of  Gloo- 
cester  Har^  Oxford,  1648-60 ;  M.D.  Oxford       [xx.  406] 

GABDBLLE,  THEODORE  (1721-1761).  mioiatuie- 
painter  and  murderer ;  bom  at  (}enera  ;  executed  for  tl» 
murder  of  Anne  King ;  his  portrait  by  Hogarth  engraved 
in  Ireland's  *  Graphic  Illustrations.'  [xx.  406] 

GABDXN,  ALEXANDER,  the  elder  (1780?-1791X 
botanist ;  bom  at  Charleston ;  M.D.  Bdhibnrgh ;  ptqnl  of 
Alston ;  corresponded  with  Peter  Collinson,OrDnoTiQS,aDd 
Linneeus,  in  whose  *  Systema  Natnm '  his  name  is  appendii 
to  new  species  of  fish  and  rqitiles;  settled  in  Bng^aad, 
1783,  and  t)ecame  vice-president  of  tiie  Royal  Society;  in- 
troduced many  plants ;  the  Cape  Jeaeamine  named  Qv- 
denia  after  him.  [xx.  40(] 

GABOEN,  ALEXANDER,  the  younger  (1757-18»X 
author ;  sou  of  Alexander  Garden  the  dder  [q.  t.]  ; 
published  *  Anecdotes  of  the  Revolutionary  War,'  1822. 

[XX.  407] 

GABDEN,  FRANCIS,  Lord  GARDEXsroyK  (1711- 
1793),  Scottish  judge;  educated  at  Edinburgh  Onivosi^r: 
admitted  advocate,  1744;  sheriff -depute  ^  Kincaidiae- 
shire,  1748;  joint  solicitor-general,  1760;  employ  in  tbe 
Douglas  cause ;  lord  of  session,  1764-98 ;  lord  of  instidaiT, 
1776-87 ;  founded  Lawrence  Kirk,  Kincardinediire ;  pob- 
lished  notes  of  traveL  [xx.  407] 

GABDEN,  FRANCIS  (1810-1884X  theologian ;  MX 
Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  1886  ;  intimate  with  Riehani 
Cbenevix  Trench,  Frederick  Denison  Maurice,  and  Joim 
Sterling ;  sub-dean  of  the  Chapel  Royal,  1869-84 ;  editor  of 
'The  (Christian  Remembrancer,'  1841;  published  'Dic- 
tionary of  English  Philosophical  Terms,'  1878,  and  oibff 
works.  [xx.  408] 

GABDEN,  GEORGE  (1649-I738X  Scottish  diTioej 
professor  at  King's  College,  Aberdeen,  1678 ;  ministir  « 
Old  Machar,  Aberdeen,  1679,  of  St.  Nicho1a^  1683:  'btd 
aside,'  1692,  as  a  nonjuror ;  deposed,  1701,  in  coonactioo 
with  hU  *  Apology  for  Madame  Boiirignon,'  bat  oon^oed 
to  officiate ;  imprisoned  after  rebellion  of  1716;  wt" 
the  works  of  John  Forbes  (1698-1648)  [q.  v.] :  and  *«*« 
pamphlets  on  behalf  of  the  Scots  episoi^Md  clergy. 

[xx.40t] 

GABDEN,  JAMES  (1647-1726),  professor  of  diTiniQ) 
Aberdeen ;  brother  of  George  Garden  [q.  v.] ;  depriwd* 
professorship,  1696,  for  rinsing  to  sign  Westminiter 
Confession  :  published  *  Comparative  Tbeidogy.' 

GABDENSTONE,  Lord  (1721-1793).  [See  QhXJfBi^ 
Francis.] 

GABDINEB.    [See  also  Gardner.] 

GABDINEB,  ALLEN  FRANCIS  (;  1794 -1851>  mis- 
sionary to  Patagonia ;  served  in  navy  ;  lieutenant.  1844; 
tried  to  establish  Christian  churches  in  Zululand,  1834-8: 
laboured  among  Chili  Indians,  1838-43;  attempted^ 
establish  mission  in  Patagonia,  1844-6 ;  visited  w&^ 
1845-6 ;  surveyed  Tierra  del  Fuego,  1848 ;  died  of  f^^ 
tion  there;  published  *  Outlines  of  a  Plan  for  Explonqf 
the  Interior  of  Australia,'  1833,  and  books  descrilHag  btf 
missionary  travels.  [xi.  410] 

GABDINBB.  ARTHUR  (1716  7-1768X  captain  ia  t^ 
navy ;  served  with  Byng  in  the  Mediterranean  and  (IT)*/ 
gave  unwilling  testimony  against  him  at  his  trial ;  o^ 
tured  the  Foudroyant  off  the  Spanish  coast,  butMlinJ';''' 
action.  [xx.  411] 

GABDINEB,  BERNARD  (1668-1726X  warden  of  ^ 
Souls*  College,  Oxford  ;  ejected  from  demyship  of  w| 
dalen  by  James  II ;  B.A^  1688 ;  D.O.L.,  1888 ;  feOV  « 


GARDINER 


477 


G-ABDNXB 


i;  warden,  1702 -Sd;  vice-chaaoeUor,  171 S- 
1  Jacobitism  and   suppressed  the  *  terras 
undergraduate).  [zx.  412] 

Jl,  GEORGE  (15S5  7-1680X  dean  of  Nor- 
iTi9t*8  College,  Oambridge,  1564 ;  fellow  of 
e,  Oambridge,  1558-61 ;  M.A^  1558 ;  minis- 
lrew*!i,  Norwich,  1562  ;  prebendary  of  Nor- 
le  of  those  who  broke  down  the  cathedral 
color  of  St  Hartln  Outwich,  London,  1571 ; 
ch,  157S-89.  [zz.  412] 

S,  JAMBS,  the  elder  (1637-1705X  bishop  of 
Emmanuel  College,  Oambridge,  1656 ;  D.D., 

I  to  Monmouth  and  incumbent  of  Epworth, 
of    Lincoln,    1695-1705;    assisted   Simon 

,]  to  decipho-  Peterborough  charters  and 

[zz.  413] 

IB,  JAMES,  the  younger  (d.  1732),  sub-dean 
son  of  James  Gardiner  the  elder  [q.  v.] ; 
el  College,  Cambridge,  1699 ;  fellow  of  Jesus 
master  of  St.  John's  Hospital,  Peterborough, 
ed  sermons.  [zz.  414] 

at,  JAMES  (1688-1745),  colonel  of  dra- 
ded  at  Blenheim,  1704;  headed  storming 
,tle  of  Preston;  lieutenant-colonel.  Inula- 
ons,  1730:  colonel  in  command  of  light 
r  13th  hussars),  1743-5 ;  deserted  by  most 
Prestonpans,  had  mortally  wounded;  *cou- 
L  dissolute  life;  commemorated  in  *  Life'  by 
od  song  by  Sir  Gilbert  EUiot  (1722-1777) 

[zz.  414] 

X,  MARGUERITE,  Countess  of  Bles- 
^1849).    [See  Blbsbington.] 

CB,  RICHARD  a&91-1670X divine  ;  deputv- 
ora  before  1620;  canon  of  Christ  Church, 
M.A.,  1614;  D.D.,  1630;  deprived,  1647, 
iO ;  chaplain  to  Charles  1, 1680;  a  brilliant, 
er;  published  *  Specimen  Oratorlnm,'  1653. 

[zz.  416] 
31,  RICHARD  (1723-1781X  author;  edn- 
and  St.  Catharine's  Hall,  Cambridge ;  pub- 
7  of  Pudica  . . .  with  an  account  of  her 
1754X  in  which  *Dick  Merryfellow'  is  hlm- 
»nnt  of  the  Ezpedition  .  .  .  against  Mar- 
oupe,  and  other  the  Leeward  Iskinds,*  1759 ; 
le  marines  in  the  Leeward  Islands. 

[zz.  416] 
at,  Sm  ROBERT  WILLIAM  (1781-1864), 
■ed,  royal  artillery,  1797;  brevet-lieutenant- 
major-general,  1841 :  general  and  colonel- 
1853-4;  aide-de-camp  to  Sir  John  Moore 
^7,  and  brigade-major  at  Corufia,  1809 ; 
Vninania.  and  (1809)  Walcheren  ezpedition  ; 
Barossa  and  Badajoz;  commanded  fleld- 
lamanca,  1812;  commanded  E  troop  royal 
-  at  Vittoria,  1813,  and  succeeding  battles, 
loo;  K.C.B.,  1814;  governor  of  Gibraltar, 
ished  life  of  Admiral  Sir  Graham  Moore  and 
Bsional  papera.  [zz.  417] 

X,  SAMUEL  (fl.  1606),  chaplain  to  Arch- 
and  author  of  'A  Booke  of  Angling  or 
rein  is  shewed  ...  the  agreement  betweene 
n  ...  of  both  natures.  Temporal!  and 
«;  D.D.  [ZZ.418] 

a,  STEPHEN  (1483  ?-1565),  bishop  of 
educated  at  Trinity  Hall,  Cambridge; 
r  of  civil  law,  1520,  of  canon  law,  1521 ; 
,  1524;  tutor  to  Duke  of  Norfolk's  son; 
Qity  Hall,  1525-49,  re-elected,  1653 ;  private 
Wotoey;  obtained  Clement  VII's  consent 
ixnnmission  in  the  royal  divorce  question, 
»ted  to  obtain  from  Cambridge  opinions 
the  divorce,  1630 ;  though  taking  up  a 
ie,'  compiled  reply  to  Catherine's  counsel 
fter  Wolsey's  fall  acted  as  secretary  to 
ill  1534 :  bishop  of  Winchester,  1631 ;  am- 
'ninc«,  1531-2 ;  prepared  reply  of  the  ordi- 
Hoii5<e  of  Commons'  address  to  the  king, 
iog  his  order ;  member  of  the  court  which 
oeen  Catherine's  marriage,  1633 ;  signed  re- 
obedience  to  Roman  jurisdiction,  and  pub- 
,  *  De  ver&  ObedientiA,*  repudiating  it,  and 


maintaining  supremacy  of  secular  princes  over  thecharch, 
1535;  chancellor  of  Ciambridge  University,  1540-51; 
opposed  Cromwell  and  Oranmer ;  fell  temporarily  out  of 
favour :  after  the  fall  of  Cromwell  had  supreme  political 
influence,  inspiring  the  siz  articles,  1539;  constantly  em. 
ployed  in  negotiations  with  the  emperor ;  imprisoned  in 
the  Tower  during  the  greater  part  of  the  reign  of  Ed- 
ward YI  on  account  of  his  opposition  todoctriuid  changes, 
and  (1551)  deprived  of  his  see :  reinstated  and  made  Icml 
chancellor  ou  Mary's  accession;  procured (1554) le-enaot- 
ment  of  *  De  Hceretico  Comborendo  *  and  took  put  against 
Bradford  and  Rogers,  but  tried  to  save  Cranmer  and 
Northumberland,  and  protected  Thomas  Smith  and  Peter 
Martyr ;  opposed  the  Spanish  marriage,  but  advocated 
great  severity  towards  Elizabeth,  whom  he  caused  to  be 
declared  illegitimate  by  act  of  parliament;  published  con- 
troversial works  against  Martin  Buoer  and  Latin  letters 
to  John  Cheke  on  the  pronunciation  of  Greek,  1556. 

[zz.  419] 

OABSINEB,  THOMAS  i/t.  1516X  nionk  of  West- 
minster ;  compiled  *  The  Flowers  of  England,*  a  chronicle. 

[zz.  425] 

OARDDTER,  Sir  THOMAS  (1591-1652%  recorder  of 
Limdon,  1636;  barrister.  Inner  Temple,  1618 ;  l)encher, 
1686,  treasurer,  1639;  M.P.  for  Callington  in  Short  parlia- 
ment, 1640 ;  unsuccessful  royalist  candidate  for  the  city  of 
London;  leading  counsel  to  Sir  Edward  Herbert,  when 
impeached,  1642;  himself  impeached  soon  after  for  his 
support  of  ship-money ;  solicitor-general  to  the  king  at 
Ozford,  1648 ;  commissioner  at  tTzbridge  and  ro^-alist 
attorney-general,  1645 ;  pardoned  by  parliament  on  pay- 
ment  at  fine,  1647.  [zz.  425] 

OABSINXR,  WILLIAM  or  WILLIAM  NEVILLE 
(1748-1806),  diplomatist;  lieutenant-general;  served  in 
America,  1775-6 ;  wounded  at  FreehoIdL  New  Jersey,  1778 ; 
Iteutenant-colond,  45th  foot  (Sherwood  ForestersX  1778; 
special  envoy  at  Brussels,  1789-92 ;  plenipotentiary  at 
Warsaw,  1792-5  ;  major-general,  1793  ;  lieutoiant-general, 
1799 ;  M.P.,  Thomastown,  in  Irish  parliament ;  commander 
of  north  inland  district  of  Ireland,  1803-5 ;  commander- 
in-chief  of  Nova  Scotia,  1805.  [zz.  426] 

OABDnrEB,  WILLIAM  (1770-1853),  musical  com- 
poser ;  member  of  the  Adelphi  Philosophical  Society, 
1790-2;  composed  songs  and  compiled  *  Sacred  Melodies 
from  Haydn,  Mozart,  and  Beethoven  .  .  .  adapted  to  the 
best  English  Poets,'  1812-15,  and  'Judah'  (1821),  an 
oratorio  culled  from  the  same  masters;  edited  Berry's 
version  of  Bombet's  *Life  of  Haydn*  and  Brewin's 
version  of  ScblichtergroU's  *  Life  of  Mozart,*  1817 ;  pub- 
Ushed  popular  works  on  music.  [zz.  427] 

OABDnnER,  WILLIAM  NELSON  (1766-1814%  en- 
graver and  bookseller  ;  employed  In  London  by  Sylvester, 
Harding,  and  Bartolozzi;  B.A.  Corpus  Christl  College, 
Cambridge,  1797;  the  Mustaphaof  Dibdin's  •  BibUomania  * ; 
committed  suicide.  [zz.  428] 

OABDKSR.    [See  also  Gardiner.] 

OABSNEB,  Mrs.  {Jl.  1763-1782),  actress;  as  Miss 
Cheney  played  Miss  Prue  in  *  Love  for  Love  *  at  Drury 
Lane,  and  Rose  in  the '  Recruiting  Officer,'  1763-4 ;  made 
her  reputation  in  Foote's  pieces  at  the  Haymarket,  1768- 
1774 ;  her  comedy,  *  Advertisement,  or  a  Bold  Stroke  for  a 
Husband,'  played  there  for  her  benefit,  1777.    [xz.  429] 

OA]U>irE&,  ALAN,  first  Baron  Gardner  (1742- 
1809X  admiral ;  present  at  Qulberon  Bay  in  the  Dorset- 
shire ;  carried  to  Howe  first  news  of  the  French  approach, 
and  captured  on  North  American  coast  large  French 
merchantshlp,  1778  ;  commanded  the  Sultan  at  Grenada, 
1779;  with  Rodney  in  the  Duke  in  the  victory  of  1782  ; 
commander  in  Jamaica,  1786-9 ;  lord  of  the  admiralty, 
1790-5 ;  created  a  baronet  for  his  services  in  Howe's  victory, 
1794  ;  interviewed  mutineers  at  Spithead,  1797  ;  admiral 
of  the  blue,  1799;  M.P.,  Plymouth,  1790-6,  and  West- 
minster, 1796-1806 ;  created  Baron  Gardner  in  Irish  peer- 
age, 1800 ;  peer  of  the  United  Kingdom,  1806.  [zz.  430] 

GABDinSR,  DANIEL  (1750 7-1806),  portrait-painter; 
celebrated  for  small  pictures  in  oil  and  crayons. 

[xz.  430] 

OARDKEE, GEORGE (1812-1849), botanist;  collected 
in  Brazil  many  thousand  specimens  of  plants,  1836-40 ; 
F.L.8.,  1812 :  died  in  Ceylon,  superintendent  of  botanical 
garden;  publis-hed  'Travels  in  the  Interior  of  Brazil,' 
1846.  [ZZ.431] 


QABDNER 


478 


eABSKXR,  JOHN  (1804-1880).  medical  writer; 
L.11.0.P.  EdinbafRb,  1860 :  MJ>.Gie88en,  1847  :  translated 
Liebig*8  *  Familiar  Letters  on  Ohemistry,'  1843;  first 
secretary  to  Boyal  College  of  Ohemistry  and  professor  of 
chemistry  to  General  Apothecaries*  Company  ;  pnblished 

*  The  Great  Physician,'  1843,  *  Hoasehdld  Medicine,*  and 

*  Longevity  * '  [xx.  481] 

OABSKSR,  THOMAS  (1690  7-1769),  Soathwold  anti- 
quary; published  *  Historical  Aocoont  of  Dimwioh  .  .  . 
Blithborgh  . . .  Southwold,'  1764.  [xx.  488] 

OABDirSB,  WILLIAM  (1844-1887).  inventor  of  the 
Gardner  machine-gun,  1876,  and  of  a  qalck-flring  cannon ; 
a  native  of  Ohio.  [xx.  482] 

OASDVIB,  WILLIAM  UNN^US  (1771-1886),  In- 
dian officer ;  nephew  of  AJan,  first  baron  Gardner  [q.  v.]  ; 
ensign  in  India,  1789 :  captain,  30th  foot,  1794;  employed 
by  the  Blahratta  Jeswont  Rao  Holkar ;  married  a  prin- 
cen  of  Oambay ;  escaped  to  General  Lake  disguised  as  a 
grass-cntter,  1804 ;  commanded  irregular  horse  in  Kamann 
and  Rajpootana ;  lieutenant-colond  in  Indian  army,  1819, 
commanding  Gardner's  horse.  [xx.  43S] 

OABSVOB,  JOHN  (1729-1808),  painter;  vicar  of 
Battersea,  1778-1808 ;  exhibited  landscapes  at  Royal  Aca- 
demy, 1782-96;  pnblished  views  of  the  Rhine  country, 
engraved  In  aquatint  by  himself  and  others,    [xx.  483] 

OABDVOB,  RICHARD  (Jl,  1766-1793X  painter; 
nephew  and  assistant  of  John  Gardner  [q.  v.]  ;  exhibited 
with  Free  Society  and  at  the  Academy,  1786-98. 

[XX.  434] 

GABSTNE,  ALEXANDER  (1686  7-1634?),  Soots 
poet;  pnblished  *  Garden  of  Grave  and  Godlie  Flowers,' 
1609,  and  *  Theatre  of  Scotish  Kings.*  [xx.  434] 

OABSN0IEEE8,  THBOPHILUS  (1610-1680X  physi- 
cian ;  M.D.  (Taen,  1636 ;  incorporated  M.D.  Oxford,  1667  ; 
published  *  Anglles  Flagellnm  sen  Tabes  Anglica,'  1647,  and 
a  book  of  prescriptions  for  the  plague,  1666 ;  translated 
Nostradamus,  1672.  [xx.  434] 

GABOBAYS,  GEORGE  (1710-1786),  mathematician ; 
contributed  to  the  '  Gentleman's  Mag^asine  *  papers  on  the 
transit  of  Venus  (1761  and  1769)  ai^  (1781)  memoirs  of 
Abraham  Sharp  [q.  v.]  the  mathematician.       [xx.  436] 

OABOBAVE,  Sib  THOMAS  (1496-1679),  speaker  and 
ri660)  vice-president  of  the  council  of  the  North ;  MJP. 
for  York,  1647-66,  Yorkshire,  1666 ;  speaker,  1669 ;  active 
in  suppressing  ri^ng  of  1669.  [xx.  436] 

OABLAin),  AUGUSTINE  C/T.  1660),  regicide;  of 
Emmanuel  College,  Cambridge,  and  Linoobi's  Inn ;  M.P. 
Queenborouffh,  1648 ;  presided  over  the  committee  to  con- 
sider method  of  the  king's  trial,  and  signed  death-warrant ; 
condemned  to  death,  1660,  but  suffered  only  conflisoation 
and  imprisonment.  [xx.  486] 

OABLAKD,  JOHN  (JL  1230),  grammarian  and 
alchemist;  often  confused  with  Gerlandus,  a  French 
writer  of  twelfth  century,  and  others ;  studied  at  Oxfonl 
and  Paris ;  professor  at  Toulouse  University,  1229-31 ; 
wrote  *  Dictionarius  Scolasticus  *  and  many  other  gram- 
matical treatises,  *  Compendium  AlchymisB  cum  Dic- 
tionario,'  *  Liber  do  Mineralibua,'  and  similar  works; 
author  of  treatises  on  counterpoint,  plain-song,  and  other 
musical  subjects :  some  verses  by  him.  Including  the 
autobiographical  *  De  Triumphis  Ecclesice '  and  '  De  Con- 
temptu  Mundi,'  wrongly  ascribed  to  St.  Bernard. 

[XX.  436] 

GABNEAU,  FRANgOIS  XAVIER  (1809-1866),  his- 
torian of  Canada ;  native  of  Canada ;  greffler  of  Quebec, 
1844-64 ;  president  of  Canadian  Institute,  1866  ;  membm' 
of  council  of  education,  1867 ;  published  *  Histoire  du 
Canada,*  1846-6,  and  '  Voyage  en  Angleterre  et  en  France,' 
1866.  [XX.  439] 

6ABNSB,  THOMAS  (1789-1868),  engraver ;  pupU  of 
Samuel  Lines  [q.  v.] ;  a  founder  of  Birmingham  Society 
of  Artiste.  [xx.  440] 

OABNETT,  ARTHUR  WILLIAM   (1829-1861),  en-  i 
glneer ;  younger  son  of  William  Gamett  [q.  v.] ;  entered 
Bengal  engineers,  1846  ;  wounded  at  Mooltan,  1849  *.  held 
fords  of  the  ChenAb  at  Goojer&t,  1849 ;  designed  forts  on 
Afghan  frontier ;  buried  In  Calcutta  CiatiiedraL  [xxL  1] 

GABNBTT,  HENRT  (1666-1606),  Jesuit;  educated 
at  Winchester,  1667 ;  two  yearn  correotor  of  the  press  to 


Tottel  the  law  printer ;  went  to  Spain  and  Italy;  jemlt 
novice,  1676 ;  professor  of  Hebrew  in  the  collie  at  Bom ; 
superior  of  the  English  province,  1687-1606  ;  profesaed  ef 
the  four  rows,  1698 ;  accused  of  ctnnpllcityin  Gnnpowder 
plot;  arrested  after  three  days'  search  at  Hindlip  Hall: 
Imprisoned  in  the  Tower ;  twenty-three  times  examinnii 
before  the  privy  council ;  condemned  on  hit  admisaSon  <rf 
conversations  wltli  Oatesby,  and  execated ;  pablished  a 
translation,  with  supplements,  of  *  Somma  Cax^ali  *  (U90> 

*  A  Treatise  on  Schirai,*  and  other  theological  works. 

[xxLJ] 
OABNETT,    JEREMIAH    (1798-1870),   joamalist: 
brother  of  Richard  (Samett  [q.  ▼.] ;  oo-roonder  of  tbe 
'Manchester  Gnaidian,*  1821 ;  sole  editor,  1844-61;  ob- 
tained defeat  of  Milner  Gibson  and  John  Bright.  1867. 

[xxi  6] 

GABHETT,  JOHN  (1709-1782),  bishop  of  OogiMr: 
fellow  of  Sidney  Sussex  College,  Ounbridge ;  M.A.,  17SS: 
bishop  of  Ferns,  1762-8,  of  Clogber,  1768 ;  patron  of  FUlip 
Skelton  [q.  v.]  ;  pnblished  *  Dissertation  on  Job,'  1749. 

[xxL6] 
OABKETT,  JOHN  (d.  181SX  dean  of  Bxetflr,1810; 
son  of  John  QanuAt  (1709-1782)  [q.  v.]  [xxL  6] 

GABHETT,  RICHARD  (1789-1860X  philologist; 
became  priest-vicar  of  Lichfldd  Cathedral,  1829;  iBeam- 
bent  of  Chebeey,  near  Stafford,  1836-8 ;  assistant-kesptr 
of  printed  books,  British  Musemn,  1838;  his  phikriogkil 
essays  edited  b^  his  eldest  son,  1869.  [xxi.  6] 

OABVETT,  THOMAS  (1676-1606XJesait;  nephevof 
Heniy  Gamett  [q.  v.] ;  Jesuit,  1604 ;  imprisoned  in  tfae 
Tower  and  banished  for  life,  1606 ;  executed  on  hisntoziL 

[IXL7] 

OABNETT,  THOMAS  (1768-1802),  physioian  and 
natural  philosopher;  M.D.  Bdinbnx^fa,  17& :  praetiied it 
Biadford,  Knareaborongh,  and  Harrogate:  pabUdiad  flal 
analysis  of  Harrogate  waters ;  prof eaaor  oC  natani  pbflS' 
sophy  at  Anderson's  Institation,  Glasgow,  of  natonl 
philosophy  anddiemistry  at  Royal  Institation,  17W-1SU: 
anticipated  modem  theory  of  a  qnasl-lntelUgeDfla  ta 
plants;  published  '  Highland  Tour,'  1800 ;  his  ^Zooofluii' 
published,  1804.  [xzL  7] 

OABNETT,  THOMAS  (1799-1878),  natmaUst:  ll» 
ther  of  Richard  and  Jeremiah  (}amett  [q.  v.] ;  wrote  m 
plBcicultare  and  experbnented  wltli  goano ;  hit  pip* 
privately  printed,  1888.  [xid.3] 

OABNETT,  WILLIAM  (1793-1873),  dvll  serraat; 
depnty-registmrand  registrar  of  land  tax,  1819-41:  is- 
spector-general  of  stamps  and  taxes,  1842;  poUiM 

*  Guide  to  Property  and  Inoome  Tax.*  [xxLQ 

0ABNET8  or  OABNT8SHE,  8m  CHBISTCffHlB 
(d.  1634X  chief  porter  of  Oalaia,  16M-U;  fav«niilB«f 
Henry  VIII,  who  knighted  him  at  TOmnoay,  1613. 


OABNIEB  or  WABNEB  (A  1I06X 


[See  WAUKJ 

OABNIEB,  THOMAS,  Uie  younger  (1809-I863Xjy 
of  Lincoln ;  of  Winchester  and  Worcester  (College,  Oxtpm; 
B.A.,  1830 ;  fellow  of  All  Souls,  1830 ;  B.O.L.,  1833 :  oImk 
lain  of  House  of  Commoos,  1849;  Inoombent,  BoiJ 
Trinity,  Marylebone,  1860 ;  dean  of  Bipon,  1869.  of  Uk- 
ooin^  1860;  published  sermons.  [xxLI] 

OABNIEB,  THOMAS,  the  elder  (1776-1873X  dwioT 
Winchester ;  educated  at  Winchester  and  Woroertff  C«- 
lege,  Oxford ;  fellow  of  All  Souls',  1796 ;  rector  of  BiAcip- 
stoke,  1807 ;  D.C.L^  1880 ;  dean  of  l^nncbester,  18iM>: 
friend  of  Palmerston.  [xzL  10] 

OABNOOK,  ROBERT  (d.  1681Xoovwianter ;  cwq*g 
for  declining  the  king's  anthoritv ;  his  head  disoornv  n 
1728;  extracts  from  his  aotoblogTaphy  containn  n 
Howie's  'Blographia  Scoticana,'  and  dying  testJnMoy" 
'  aond  of  Witnesses.'  [xzL  10] 

OABBABD,  GEORGE  (1760-18f6X  uimal  Pjjif 
and  sculptor ;  pupil  of  Sawrey  GUpin  [q.  ▼.] ;  enrfW" 
•View  of  a  Brewhouse  Ywd,'  1784,  •Sheep^hcsiiBiJ 
Aston  Clinton,'  1793 ;  published  description  of  Brit* 
oxen,  1800;  instrumental  in  obtaining  act  of  1796  ibcO' 
ing  copyright  in  works  of  plastic  art ;  A.BA.,1800. 

eill] 
,  ,       -      O*"^ 

RAXRTB.] 


7 


GABOOIO-NS 


Sib  BA.XDEL  (icso-ITMX  lord  mi 


TBOHAS    <17e7-18U>,     blognidier 

itol.  1«U-U;  pabUtbd  Uf(  ol  Bdonnl 

[iiL  W] 

r.  Sir  HBKBY  (1I7*-1M«X  V>D  luTOr 
TDor  of  Gnenluid,  Roala,  uid  Tarkey 
:  muter  ol  Uk  Drapcn'  OonipiB;  1*>T 
I  erf  Londoa.  1W7  :  lord  mr —  "'  •  "~ 


tbe  Uiia  to  ni 
-t  of  aldenncn  fc 


[m£  IS] 


/OciUage  I. 

Kliw'i  OoUfge.  L 

m.  Cumbridih,   ixri ;    pmedor  of 
Bocicty  1871 ;  fellow  of  St  John'i 


Uojai  Ii 


;  pSnii 


.^ 


mjolog}  o  h 
QARSOW 


J8RBUIAH   LEARN  OULT 
Cct :  Drached  In  the  B(M>  on 
I    iHUnfftou  Oliftpfll,  17. 
"      ■  gdon'«  omoe 
.a  SouChmu 
Ulilied-Song)    --      - 


HlRorr  [III.  IT] 

''TLUAM  (1T<0-IMC>  bum  of  the 

a  W->tm  Drtrr  Bcrntiny  ;  K.O,  lfB»  : 


GAKTIX     BFKNARD  (/     tTO),  anH-papli 
hlibal   TbetmirUslluidtniiUMcnlciiblebh  ,. 
■-T*,'  IHf,  ind  'A  » 


prfllfrae  md  fpllogiw  for  Fleldlog^i 
d«  A  J^v  tortnoe  tun  uit  «otor  except 
Dtcr  Mid  Id  WMo^aHer  Abbvi   b" 


jAiiT :  origlnaUj  nuned  BbbraMo  oc 


GASOOIGIOQ 


480 


GASSIOT 


BernarpisoGuasconi  :  captured  parliamentarian  offloen 
in  OoniwaU.  1644 :  commanded  a  regiment  of  horse  at 
CJolchestcr,  1618  ;  granted  denization  an  Sir  Bernard 
Oaflcoigne,  1661 :  F.K^.,  1667 :  envoy  to  Vienna  to 
negotiate  marriage  of  Dake  of  York  with  a  daughter  of 
the  Archduke  of  AoBtrla,  1672 ;  his  memoirs  printed  at 
Florence,  1886 :  bis  *  Deiicription  of  Germany '  printed  in 
*  Miscellanea  Aulica,'  1702.  [xxL  84] 

OABCOIOKE,   Sir  ORISP  (1700-1761).     [See  Gas- 

COTNK.] 

GASCOIOKE,  GEORGE  (1625  ?-1677X  poet :  a  de- 
scendant of  Sir  William  Gascoigne  (1360  ?-1419)  [q.  r.] ; 
educated  at  Trinity  OoUese,  Oambridgre ;  ancient  of  Gray's 
Inn,  e.  1657 :  M J*.,  Bedford.  1557-9 ;  bis  ^Supposes,'  an 
adaptation  of  Ario^to's  comedy,  acted  at  Gray's  Inn, 
1566 ;  married  the  mother  of  Nicholas  Breton  [q.  v.],  e. 
1566  :  M.P.,  Midhurst,  1578 ;  went  to  HoUandto  avoid  his 
creditont,  1572 :  saw  military  service  in  Holland,  1572-5  ; 
captured  by  the  Spaniards ;  an  unauthorised  book  of  poems 
by  him  published  in  his  absence;  iasned  the  *  Posies  of 
G.  Ga«coigne,  corrected,  perfected,  and  augmented' 
<1575X  containing  'Jocasta,  the  second  earliest  tragedy 
in  English  in  blank  verse,  and  *  Certayne  Notes  of 
Instruction  concerning  the  making  of  verse  or  ryme  tn 
English,'  the  earliest  English  critical  esmy ;  published 
his  *  tragicall  comedie,'  the  'Glaase  of  Government,'  1575 ; 
visited  Kenilworth  with  Queen  Elizabeth  and  Leicester, 
1575;  contributed  to  *The  Prinoelye  Pleasures,'  1576. 
His  other  works  include* The  Steele  Glas'  (1576),  'The 
Droomme  of  Doomesday,*  and  the  posthumously  published 
*Tale  of  Hemetes  the  heremyte,*  in  English,  French, 
Latin,  and  Italian.  He  was  praised  by  Meres,  Nash,  and 
other  contemporaries.  [xxL  36] 

0AS(X>I0NX,  JOHN  (ft.  1881),  doctor  of  canon  law 
at  Oxford ;  signatory  of  the  chancdlor's  condemnation  of 
WyclifEe's  views  on  the  Sacrament,  13H1;  credited  by 
Pita  with  authorship  of  a  treatise,  *  Contra  Wiclevum.' 

[xxL  39] 

OASOOIONE,  RIOHARD  (1579-1661?),  anUquary: 
B.A.  Jesus  College,  Cambridge,  1599;  left  books  to  Jesus 
CoUege,  Cambridge;  compiled  pedigrees  of  Gascoigne, 
Wentworth,  and  other  families.  [xxL  40] 

OASOOIOITB,  RICHARD  (d.  1716),  Jacobite :  joined 
the  ret)els  at  Preston,  1715 :  captured  and  hanged  at 
Tyburn.  [xxL  41] 

GASCOIOITB,  THOMAS  (1408-1458X  theologian:  of 
Grid  College,  Oxford  ;    D.D.,  1434  ;   chancellor  of  the  ' 
nniversity,  1434, 1444,  and  frequently  *  canoellarius  natns '  • 
and  vice-chancellor;  an  active  preacher  and  denouncer  ! 
of  lollardy,  but  zealous  against  pluralities  and    other 
ecclesiastical  abuses;   benei^ctor  of  Oriel,  Balliol,  and 
other  colleges;  his  * Dictdonarium  Theologicum*   (from 
which  extracts  were  printed  by  J.  E.  T.  Rogers,  1881 ) 

g reserved  at  Lincoln  College.     Other  works  attributed  to 
im  include  *The  Myroure  of  our  Ladyo*  (od.   Blunt, 
1873X  and  a  *  life  *  of  St.  Bridget  of  Sweden,      [xxi.  41  ] 

OASOOIOITB,  Sir  THOMAS  (1593  7-1686),  alleged 
conspirator;  succeeded  as  barouet  of  Nova  Scotia,  1637  ; 
endowed  convent  near  Fbuntains  Abbey,  1678 ;  sent  to 
the  Tower  on  a  charge  of  plotting  with  otlter  members 
of  his  family  to  murder  Charles  II,  1679  ;  acqnitteil,  1679 ; 
retired  to  his  brotber's  monastery  at  Lambjipring,  Ger- 
many, where  he  died.  [xxi.  44] 

OASOOIONE,  Sir  WILLIAM  (1850  7-1419),    judge; 
reader  at  Gray's  Inn  ;   king's  serjeant,  1397,  and  attorney 
toHereforc  ; Lancaster)  on  his  banishment ;  chief- justice 
of  kinor's  bench,  1400;  raised  forces  against  Northumber- 
land, 1403,  and  received  the  submission  of  his  adherent^,  ■ 
1405 ;  probably  a  member  of  the  court  which  trial  them  ;  : 
improbably  said  to  have  refused  to  try  Archbishop  Scrope :  : 
ceased  to  be  chief- justice  soon  after  Henry  V's  accession.  ; 
The  story  taken  by  Hall  from  Sir  T.  Elyot's  'Governour' 
(1531)  of  his  committing  Henry  V  when  Prince  of  Wnle.* 
is  without  foundation.  [xxi.  45]      , 

OASOOIONE,  WILLIAM  (1612?-1644),  inventor  of  I 
the  micrometer ;  corresponded  with  Horrock^i  and  Crab- 
tree  :  hU  invention  of  the  micrometer  not  published  till 
Auzout's  announcement  (1666)  of  his  own  ;    killed  on 
royalist  side  at  Marston  Moor.  [xxi.  47] 

OASOOTNS.  BAMBER  (1725-1791),  lord  of  the 
admiralty;   eldest  son  of  Sir  Orisp  Gascoyne  [q.  v.]; 


M.P.,  Maiden,  1761-8,  Midhurst,  1765-70,  Weobly,  1770-i 
Truro,  1774-84,  Bodsiney*  1784-6;  reoeiver-geoend  of 
customs.  [xxL  48] 

OASOOTNS,  SIR  CRISP  (1700-1761X  lord  mayor  if 
London ;  master  of  the  Brewers*  Company,  1746-7 ;  iheriff 
of  London,  1747-8 ;  passed  in  common  ooundl  act  tor 
relief  of  city  orphans,  1748 ;  lord  mayor,  1762-S ;  knlgbt< 
1752;  first  mayor  who  occupied  Maiisioa  Hoose;  ooo- 
victed  alleged  kidnappers  of  Elizabeth  Canning  [<|.  v.], 
but  afterwards  proved  her  information  to  be  falie. 

[xxL  47] 

OASOOYNX,  ISAAC  a770-184lX  general:  tbirdioi 
of  Bamber  Gascoyne  [q.  v.] ;  served  with  OokistreuB 
guards  in  Flanders,  1798-4,  and  commanded  than  in  In- 
land, 1798 ;  major-general  on  the  staff,  1803-8 ;  gmenl, 
1819 ;  M.P.,  Liverpool,  1802-30.  [xxi  48] 

OASXLXX,  Sir  STEPHEN  (176S-1889X  judge;  bw- 
rister,  Gray's  Inn,  1798 ;  pupil  of  Sir  Vicary  Gibbs  [q.  v.] ; 
went  the  western  circuit;  K.On  1819;  knighted,  Ittf: 
justice  of  common  pleas,  1824-87 ;  Bappoaed.  orif^nal  <f 
Dickens's  JusUce  Starddgh.  [zxL  49] 

OASELEX,  STEPHEN  (1807-188SX  ser jeant-at-lav ; 
son  of  Sir  Stephen  Gaoelee  [q.  v.] ;  educated  at  WlDcba- 
ter  and  Balliol  College,  Oxford;  M.Ah  1832;  barrister. 
Inner  Temple,  1832;  serjeant-at-law,  1840;  MP.,  Forts- 
mouth,  1866-8.  [xxi  49] 

GASKELL,  ELIZABETH  CLBGHORN  (1810-180)1 
novelist:   daughter  of    William   Stevenson  (1772-101) 
[q.  v.] :  brought  up  by  her  aunt  at  Knutsford,  Che  orifiMl 
of  'Cranford*;  married  William  Chukell  [q.  v.],  180: 
became   intimate  with    the   Howitts,   1841:    pobliibfld 
'Mary  Barton'    anonymously,  1848:    praised   by   Xiii 
Edgeworth,  Landor,  C^lyle,  and  Bamford:  attacks!  hj 
W.  R.  Greg  and  others  as  hostile  to  employers ;  a  gaeAm 
Dickens,  with  Garlyle  and  Thackeray,  1849;  contribotri 
to  ^Household  Words'  from  1850,  when  she  also  beeaae 
acquainted  with  Charlotte  BronUf;  pabUshed  *Llff'<f 
Charlotte  Brontif,  1857,  the  first  editioo  being  withftava 
because   some    of  its    statements    were  cbalkngad  to 
persons  concerned ;  became  intimate  with  Martsm*  Vm, 
1855:  organised  sewing-rooms  during  cotton  tMadmti 
1862:  died  suddenly.    Her  other  works  includi  *Liaic 
Leigh,'  1855,  'The  Grey  Woman,*  1865,  'My  IjOj  IM- 
low,*  1859  (republished  as  'Round  the  Sola,*  Vn\  'Xr. 
Harrison's  Oonfeesions,'   1865,  'Ruth,*  1858,  'OranfM.' 
1853,  'North  and  South,*  1855,  'Sylvia's   Lo«n.'  IM, 
and  '  Wives  and  Daughters,*  1865.    The  fiiit  eiUtinsf 
her  collected  works  appeared  in  1878.  [xiL  41] 

0A8KELL,  WILLIAM  (1805-I884X  usitarian  minis- 
ter: M.A.  Glasgow,  1824 :  junior  minister  of  OonStnct 
Chapel,  Manchester,  1828,  senior,  1854 ;  seoetary  to  Ifu- 
chester  New  College,  1840-6,  professor  of  English  IMmj 
and  literature,  1846-53,  and  chairman  of  ooamiiUcelkw 
1854:  taught  logic  and  literature  at  Owens  OoOm: 
his  'Lectures  on  the  Lancashire  Dialect  (1844)  appeawl 
to  fifth  edition  of  his  wife's  novel,  '  Mary  Bartoo'  [M 
Gahkrll,  Eliza bkth  Clsohorn]  :  soon  of  hb  kyoM 
included  in  Martinean's  *  Hymns  of  Prase  sad  Fn|«' 
(1874).  [xxL  M] 

OASKIN,  GEORGE  (1751-1829), divne;  M.A. TiiiitI 
College,  Oxford,  1778:  D.D.,  1788:  fer  ofty-siz  yeM 
lecturer  in  Islington ;  incumbent  of  St.  Bamet,  GtM»- 
chnrch  Street,  and  secretary  S.P.C.K.,  791 :  itetor  of 
Stoke  Newingion,  1797 ;  prebendary  of  ]Iy,  1822;  cditsi 
Bishop  Dehon's  sermons.  [xxL  91] 

OASPARS  (JASPERS),  JAN  BJPTIST  (16»?- 
1691).  portrait-painter;  native  of  Anferp;  wotkalfor 
General  Lambert:  assisteil  Leiy  and  Keller,  and  becsBK 
known  as  '  Lely's  Baptist  * :  painted  pomita  of  diaiks  XI 
and  Hobbes,  and  etched  *  Banquet  of  it  Goda.' 

[xxL55] 

OASPEY,  THOMAS  (1788-1871), oumalist  and  au- 
thor :  for  sixteen  years  on  the  staf  of  the  'Morune 
Post,'  for  which  he  wrote  'Elegy on  Mronis  of  Angksej^ 
Leg* ;  sub-editor  of '  Courier  * ;  puldined  novds  and  m- 
torical  works.  [xxL  56] 

OASSIOT,  JOHN  PETER  (187.1877X  sctent-fic 
writer ;  chairman  of  Kew  OtMervmtry,  which  he  fadied 
to  endow;  founder  of  Royal  Soiety  Scienttllc  Rebcf 
Fund ;  proved  by  experimenta  wit^rore's  criU  that  the 
static  efTect  of  a  battery  increau  with  its  «*fiBW^ 
action,  1844 ;  proved  with  delicatf mloroawCen  tbe  cor- 


GAST 


481 


GAUNTIiBTT 


t>Te*t  argaments  againat  the  ooutaot  theory, 
rered   itratiflcatiou    of  electric   diwhargi*, 

[xxi.  56] 

rOE  Dm  (fi.  1190  ?),  lord  of  the  castle  of  Uoxt, 
r ;  reputed  author  of  the  first  part  of  the 
,  'TriatazL*  [xxl.  67] 

IKIS,  HENRY  (1701-1876).  water-colour 
iber  of  Society  of  Paiiiten  iu  Water-colours, 
«d  for  ftlty-eight  ycHrx.  [xxi.  67] 

LL,  FRANCIS  (1663-1726),  bishop  of  Chei»- 
.  at  Wastmiuster ;  M.A.  ChriMt  Church,  Ox- 
>J)^  1700:  carried  on  a  coutrovensy  with 
the  Trinity,  1696-8:  Boyle  lecturer,  1697; 
[arley,  when  speaker,  170U :  canon  of  Christ 
:  queen's  chaplain,  1711 :  biHhop  of  Chester, 
Md,  among  other  works,  *  Christian  Insti- 
•ad  'Historical  Notices  of  the  Diocese  of 

[xxL  68] 

B.  THOHAS  {d.  1598),  dirine :  educated  at 
Magdalene   College,   Cambridge:   student, 
le,  c  1563  :  domestic  chaplain  to  Leicester  : 
Bdmnnd's,  Lombard  Street,  1678.  [xxi.  59] 

E,  CHARLES  (16U7-1680X  divine  :  mu  of 
kcr  [q.  ▼.]  :  educated  at  St.  Paul's  School : 
kiHex  College,  Gsmbridge:  MJL.  Pembroke 
Md,  1636:  chaplain  to  Falkland  and  rcc- 
ortoo,  Buckingliam!»hire :  published  works, 
nimadTersious*  on  Bull's  'Harmouia  Apo- 
Szamination  (rf  the  Case  of  the  Quakers  cou- 
B,'  1675.  [xxL  69] 

E,  TH031AS  (1574-16541,  puritan  divine 
m  of  Thomas  Catacre  [q.  v.] :  schohur  of  St. 
e,  Cambridge :  fellow  of  Sidney  Sussex  Col- 
k.D.,  1603 :  M JL  St.  John's  College,  Cam- 
rer  at  Lincoln's  Inn,  1601 :  rector  of  Rother- 
active  member  of  the  Westminster  As- 
oured  a  mixture  of  prelacy  and  presby- 
gned  address  against  CbarlM  I's  trial :  pnb- 
s  controvermal  works  and  life  of  William 
.  v.], '  Marci  Autouiui  de  Kcbui>  Suis,'  1662 
with  Latin  version  and  commeutaryX  and 
%  on  Isaiah,  Jeremiah,  and  Lamentations. 

[xxi.  60] 

BERNARD  (1685  ?-l  773 X  musician :  master 

'  the  Chapd  Boyal :  member  of  Westminister 

aod  of  Academy  of  Yocvl  Music  :  nang  air 

*Te  Denm,'  1743:  Handd's  'Esther'   per- 

housc,  1733.  [xxi.  62] 

HORATIO  (172H-1K.H5),  major-gciienil  in 
s  serrice:  served  undta-  Prince  Ferdinand 
::  captain,  1754:  served  at  Fort  Duquesne, 
tU  1760.  and  Hartiniqne,  1762:  major,  1762: 
68-9 :  retired  from  service  an<l  returned  to 
> :  ad  jntant-«(aicral  and  bripradier  in  Ameri- 
ontbreak  of  war,  1775 :  major-general  and 
4.  northern  army  strving  in  Canada,  1776: 
roync  at  Bemus  Heights,  and  forced  him  to 
Saratoga,  1777 :  president  of  board  of  war  and 
7 :  defeated  at  Camden,  South  (^rolina,  1780 : 
I  the  command,  1780.  [SuppL  iL  269] 

$m  JOHN  (I504?-1653),  statesman  ;  occom- 
f  VIII  to  Lincolnshire,  1536:  receival  valu- 
n  Esfex  for  confidential  services :  K.B.,  I5i7 : 
lor  and  vice-chamberlain,  1551 ;  chancellor  of 
Lancaster,  1552 :  executed  as  a  partinan  of 
amL  [xxi.  63] 

Sir  THOMAS  {ft.  1596-1621X  governor  of 
lighted  for  service  in  Cadiz  expedition,  1506  : 
etberlands,  1604-8:  sailed  for  Virginia  as 
ncral  of  the  Colonisation  Company,  1609: 
lie  Bermndas :  governor,  1611-14,  organising 
supposed  to  have  died  in  East  Indies : 
d  Pwchas'a  accounts  of  his  adventures  in  the 
obably  groundwork  of  the  *  Tempest.' 

[xxL  64] 
D,  LIONEL  (<f.  1665).  royalist  divine :  fellow 
lege,  Cambridge:  M.A.,  1635:  B.D.,  1633: 
Clement's,  Cambridge.  1681 ;  rector  of  Dcn- 
' :  arrested  at  Cambridge  and  imprisoueil  iu 
loUxtru,  for  an  onpublLshod  work  on  passive 


obedience,  1643 :  minister  In  Jersey  and  chaplain  to  Sir 
Edward  Hyde,  1647  ;  D.D.,  1660  :  vicar  of  Plymouth,  1661, 
but  never  had  poaseasion ;  died  of  the  plague  when  curate 
of  Yarmouth.  [xxi.  65] 

OATLET,  ALFRED  (1816- 1863X sculptor  '•  his  •  Hebe* 

?>urchaaed  by  Art  Union :  exhibited  busts  of  Espartero, 
846,  ArchbUhop  Sumner,  1848,  and  8.  Christie-Miller, 
1850,  and  executed  that  of  Hooker  in  the  Temple  Church  : 
after  1852  lived  at  Rome,  where  he  died :  his  bas-relief, 

*  Overthrow  of  Pharaoh,'  statues  of  *  Echo '  and  "  Night ' 
and  marble  statuettes  of  animals  exhibited  at  Interna- 
tional ExhibiUon,  1862.  [xxi.  66] 

0ATII7F,  JAMES  (1766-1831),  divme:  educated  at 
Manchester  grammar  school :  perpetual  curate  of  Gorton, 
Manchester :  edited,  with  life,  Wogau's  'Essay  on  the 
Proper  Lessons,'  1818;  imprisoned  for  debt  and  seques- 
trated ;  issued  apologetic  pamphlet  with  eccentric  title, 
1890.  [xxi.  67] 

GATTTB,  HENRY  (1774-1844),  actor ;  appeared  at 
Bath  in  vocal  characters  and  old  men's  parts,  1807-12: 
at   Drury  Lane,   1813-33 ;    his  best  parts,  Morbleu  in 

•  Monsieur  Tonaon  *  and  Dr.  C^ius  in  *  Merr}*  Wives.' 

[xxi.  67] 
OATTY,  MARGARET  (1807-1873X  writer  for  chil- 
dren; daughter  of  Alexander  John  Scott  [q.  v.],  whose 
life  she  and  her  husband  publisbol.  1K42 :  marri^  Alfred 
Gatty,  D.Dh  1839 :  eaUblished  'Aunt  Judv's  Magazhic' 
1866:  published  *  Parables  from  Nature,'  1856-71,  'Aunt 
Judy's  Tales,'  1859,  and  '  Aunt  Judy's  Letter^.* 

[xxi.  67] 
0AT7,  JOHN  (14937-1553?),  translator  :  M.A.  e^t.  An- 
drews, 1511 :  publiahed  in  Sweden  *Richt  Vay  to  the 
Kingdome  of  Heuine*  (translation  from  Christiern  Peder- 
sen),  1533,  the  earliest  protestant  work  in  Scottish  prose ; 
prebendary  of  church  of  Our  Lady,  Copenhagen. 

[SuppL  iL  272] 
GAin)XV,  JOHN  ( 1605-1 662X  bishop  of  WoriTster; 
M.A.  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  1626  :  entered  Wad- 
ham  College,  Oxford ;  D.D.,  1641 :  vicar  of  ("hippcnham 
and  cliuplain  to  Robert  Rich,  earl  of  Warwick  [q.  v.], 
1640:  dean  of  Booking,  1641 :  *  shuffled  out'  of  the  Wext- 
minster  Assembly  for  episoopalianism :  retained  beueflces 
during  the  Commonwealth :  wrote  against  the  Army  awl 
the  CItU  Marriage  Act  and  in  defence  of  the  churcli  of 
England :  published  *  Eocleaiae  AngUcansp  Suspiria,'  1659 : 
bishop  of  Exeter,  1660-2:  wrote  treatises  against  tin; 
covenanters,  1660-1 :  edited  Hooker's  '  Et^clesiasticul 
Polity,'  1662;  bishop  of  Worcester.  1662:  claimal  the 
I  authorship  of  *  EIjcwi^  0a<rtAtiny ;  the  Pourtraicture  of  His 
Sacroii  Majestic  in  His  Solitiulesand  SufTcrinirs,'  atU'ibutixl 
,  by  royalist  writers  and  Bishop  Christopher  WordKworth  to 
Charles  1.  Oauden's  claim  was  apparently  admitted  at 
the  Restoration.  [  x  x  i.  C9  ] 

GAUGAIK,  THOMAS  ( 1 748-1810  't\  stipple  engraver, 
native  of  Abbeville:  exhibited  paintings  at  Royal  Aca- 
demy, 1778-82;    executed    numerous    engraviiigx    after 
Reynolds,  Northcote,  Morland,  Maria  Cosway,  and  Nolle- 
I  kens's  bust  of  Fox.  [xxi.  73] 

GAULS,  JOHN  (/.  1660),  divine:  studiol  at  Oxford 
I  and  Cambridge:  chaplain  to  Loni  Camden,  1629:  vicar 
of  Great  Staughton,  1646 :  publiaheii   numerous  theolo- 
gical works,  including  *  Select  Cases  of  Conscience  touch- 
ing Witches  •  ( 1646).  [xxi.  72] 

GAinfT,  ELIZABETH  (</.  1685).  tlie  last  woman 
executed  for  a  political  offence:  burnt  at  Tybuni  for 
treason  in  sheltering  Burton,  a  Ryc-hou:<e  cun!*pirator  and 
adherent  of  Monmouth.  [xxu  73] 

GAUVT,  JOHN  OK,  Dukk  ov  Lancasikii  (1310- 
1899).    [See  John.] 

GAUVT  or  GAKT  (or  PAYNELL),  MAURICE  i>k 
(1184  7-1230X  baron  of  Leeds;  granted  charter  to  bur- 
gessea  of  Leeds,  1208;  joined  insurgent  barons,  1216; 
captured  at  Lincoln,  1217:  paid  scuta»;e  for  lands  in 
eight  counties,  1223 ;  jusUce  itinerant  for  Hereford^hire, 
Staffordshire,  Shropshire,  Devonshire,  Hamp«>hirc  and 
!  Berkshire,  1227  :  died  in  Brittany.  [xxi.  73] 

GAUKT,  SIMON  dk  (c/.  1316).    [Soe  Ghknt.] 

GAUVTLETT,  HENRY  (1762-1K33).  divine;  vicar  of 
Dlney,  1815-33,  and  friend  of  Rowland  Hill :  publisliod  *  Ex- 
'  position  of  the  Book  of  ReveUttion,'  1831.         [xxL  74] 

I  I 


GAUITTLETT 

OAmtTLETT.  HENRY  JOHN  fl80»-iajexor 


OAT,  JOHN  <ltU-173I).  poet  ud 

inntlMd  to  *  Londi -'■ 

iriTiHj  gmOcman :  lii 


■f  lerward}  Uivl  v 


trlcal-Ktia 
bhihop  Hi 


KAiu  oa  the  Haarlem  modtl ;  nleatAl  elec- 
1  unantiu.  ISU ;  neatol  Hiu.Doc,  by  Aich- 
.f^r,...-. ..V -.-- •— 


lud  '  kinhsl  ITorU,'  coDtribuUnji  '  Obanc-  I  Week '  (ntlrlol    eclogun   directed    ■ 


i"  uKl  other  jupe™ . 

Upbege,'  •  BV  iablom,"  •  SU  Qeorje/iod  oluirr  uj 
Lid  cli«nl«, '  The  Boor  oI  Ok  Boai;  and  ■  Note 
ind  KierdHM  In  SdcDce  »d  Pmctlce  or  Mu 
EDcydoitfBdlB  of  the  Otwnt,'  trtt  pubLlflhed, 

OATZBTOT,  PIRRa,  8ARL  o»  Con!i**r,i. 
ATCMirltfi  u>l  fofller-ttrotber  of  Edward  11 ;  tn 


.UdtOleBtHl  to  BolliwbiiikB,  IIU:  » 


1 :  betrothed  to  .1 

tbe  EbtI 

:  huTliig  olendtd  Uu  buon 

.byh 

Hod 

na  iMDlilKd,  but   midfl  1 

I[TUu>d,l 

»l1ed.l»»-.  B.vEfr«bolT 

n«  by  Iw 

1m"isio 

"*" 

b.ni»bqieat  .gRln 

1  BiH 

led  by  lort 

ordaluert. 

■etDmedeeoretlylron 

Bra's 

-  BDd    Oil« 

Tori! 

■uiur 

toPcmbro 

kldtupiwl  bj  W>r» 

Ck>Dd 

eiecutado 

Dl."cl[Hiw  Hli]  la 

Titud 

Ibeihnron 

^"J;"^ 

□ATIX.  ANTONIO  (A  '««>.  'I 
Key  to  Popery-:  M.A.  fiimet"  -     '^- 
Hf-tnnt  nxped  from  SpulD 
taloel  by  Lord  BMnhape ; 
London  and  fcfterwftrdi  Iti  ] 
Kcy^'  oantalning   nKodaciou 


rears  at  Tangier :  RS.A^  1S7R.  [uL  79] 

OAWHIE,  Bin  JOHN  (1M»-lflM).    [See  QAwnv.] 
OAWOT,  FRAHLIKOHAU  (ItN-ltM),  parliaiaen' 


Philips  tq.  . 

tanlfld  Loni  OlarendoQ  to 
hli  flnt  plaj'.'What-d'ye  Oall 
and  pablhbed,  171«;   anbitsi 


if  I 


1  'Poenu.'  ITUvUbA- 


Dncbev  at  Queaalbary  ('CtUy'): 

^  Looina^lTt? :  1 


— — «d  poat  of  nntlaa' 

thc^Friiiw>  Loai<ia.-lTt7 :  hfa'Oapdn'ieM 
at  J^nry  Lane.  17t4:  the  flnt  ntla  of  hM  'Mti' 
Inunl.  I7t7:  Ml  TiiQiii'i  "iiiia '  iilij  ml  (m  liiiMiiw 
at  UncDiD't  Inn  FUm,  1T18,  ud  tbrwsbout  Uie  MM 
T'lfC,  maklnK  moch  eeniatton,  vbUe  Ita  ■bd"'  -"---■ 
tlHn«tapn>biMt(d(im)bytbeaoart  ba  b 
wa>  alio  pnbHtbal  wltb  rimt  loecaa ;  vnta  i 
lOTHandel'a'Aclaaad  Oalatea,'  1711,  and-J 


opera  prodiued  at  Oorenl 
0t-FiiUa'(17im,hlapri 

borled  in  WeiEitiiniUr  Al 


d.R] 


lev  III  WltstaHmiBteiid,  Sedfordrhlr*.  1711-<f ;  pt^nl 
B  tbe  tniuIat4on  by  Sdmand  Lav  [q.  t.1  c(  tie  •>*■ 
4rbop  of  DubllD'i '  Bway  on  the  Orfgio  ol  Brll,'  ini,i 


BoppL  II.  mi 
M.R.aB.  lib; 


4 -SB:  publlihnd  medlisl  Horki,  iDcIodlng  tn 

moial  Rupture.'  1818.  [uLM) 

OAT,    JOSBPE    (pwudonym)   (l«8D?-1Tn).    [la 


(IKl-JSn),  M* 

ity  Oollege,  Dublin,  INS:   LU),  18L.. 

bar,  IfrtT:  Q.O..  ISM:  cfaancenor  oKMMrr.UK    j 

..  of  Heath  and  other  dlocmn.  IWl.    Hit  watlfe-    / 

iide  -The  Catbolic  Layman,'  Itti,  and  'Xndn  '   j 

Family  of  Gajrei,' 1870.  [ud-ll]      ' 

GAYIK,  Sir  JOHN  (d.lCWX told  ■■TOra(I«riBl 

iltrector  or  EiLit  ludla  Oompany:  u  iherit  j^UdM  , 
lE39.en(or<^  Bhlp-mDn<7:  bilxbUd,  lMI:luiidHIK  \ 
IMt ;  impeicbcd  (or  abettlnR  riots  ic^iiit  VB"' — 
militia  HTTlce.  IS47~g:  prerldent  of  Ohilit'*  B 
1MB ;  beoelactor  of  OfarUt'i  HoapltaL  [n 

OATKB,  Sin  JOHNCd.  1711IXgoTemiretBtat*l  ) 
nepbeu'  of  Rir  John  Oaya  (d.  1M»)  [q.  v.):  naM  ! 
frealDm  Df  KuC  India  Company.  lUl:  koi^Ml,  M)  j 
govemniot  Bombay  ander  Sir  John  Ooldibcmj^lQ-'J  J 
1603:  cbler  goiemor  on  death  of  Utter,  1«M;  uHm    < 

1700.  and  mnllDHl  BcenJ  y~™«l  Sural,  at "     ' 

of  Bl[  Nlcbnlat  Watte,  repreHntatln  at  t 

India  Oompany ;  dial  at  Bombay  non  atta' 

OATNESBTISaH,   WILLIAM    Di  (d.  iW  [H 


HKealil     t 


ol  Wlncbeeter.  1« 


r  ol  Blihoptloke.  IMO ;  baring 

to  Henrietta  Uaria*!  twoKbold ;  deroCional  taiirb.  pub- 
lished. IM«,  [1x1.81] 
OAWLKB,  aBOROB  (ITM-IMS).  gnctmor  of  Booth 

twloe  wounded)  and  at  WatArUn  ;   ^^-emor  of  fioatli 
Auitralla,  IbW-II.  [iii.  88] 

DAWISB.    WILLIAU    (1790-1909).  orBiLDlst   and 
mmpoeer :  puMJahcd  collrcClDni  for  piano  or  tiarpfirbeid,  j 


OATTOT,    OLABK  (ITtor-lTBTl),  idnlnl:  OM- 

Adrd  Che  St.  Oaorea  at  tbe  attack  do  Xartnlqaial 

tlieredDotkno(aoadakiapi,lTN:oeBmaiidv(BjaBriB 


Oxford.  lfl33 :  fdlow ;  i 
eipellad  bom  pogt  of  tK 
by  parllr ' '-" — 


1780, 


[iiU  83]      ;  ntm. 


QAYWOOD 

I.  RICHARD (/  HM-IMOI. *(w™»er «n 
if  WoanrtlHiu  UcdlAT  [q.  v.]  fioa  Uieai  < 
r  (<!.  ,.]  [Lxi.  Kl 

HAS  (icn-i« 

Doorponteij  ibt  Onfiinl  ;  tat 
I'm,  Fui1>  Wbul,  ctupUlE 


-(nobllibvl  lBU):i 


of  'LODdoD  Quarterly  Rct 

brr  of  Idial  baodrHl.  lH6t ;  ngp.  u.u.  ai.  Ann 
I  FcTDlty  iKtunr,  1871 ;  sue  of  Um  UldTHluo 

OXSOK,    SIDNBT   (IBOl-lRSI).  dlTliK 
OiUuiriDe'gCollege.  Oimbrldga.  ISH  ;  fi" 
-       •"■       "■■        il->  BqhiJOU  Binii 


:  bit  ortliDdoiy  ddopdnd  by  -^ . 

T.] :  ulaUiMd  tfau -tbe  DlTlDi^  of 
uimtUn  lowt  of  CbriaUultf ,  ITt" 


A:<DRBW  (ir«3-lSHX  I»liil«:  educatal 
L  nbiblEcd  >t  UoTil  Awlnny  ■flo'  1HD6: 
Ui  TtaU.  1S18-9I :  pain tid chiefly  portnlt^ : 


J&Um  (d.  IT1§  7X  >dTaciita  ;  pabUihet 
Dompwition  ud  Uuiikt  at  Wrlliug  of  llif 
Icutailj  PUto,'  17«.  [lit.  loa] 

JRNNT  (Jl.  IMT »),  rappoMd  lunw  of  thi 
bnv  >  ttoot  M  [he  boiiJ  ol  Bishop  Uva«i; 


e  $«(•  CoUeRe.  Kddip  ;  lapolDr  or  Bcala 
iple'«  CoI(»^  Ln  SjBiD,   17T()-B:  coiulint 

re  of  St.  MuKun,  QDan  ol  HcoUuiil.'  v 


(1BW?-171S).  dlvlnB;    M.A. 

kM  Ml  Oiford.  1«71 :  one  of 
■ludeoU  (t  Bslllol  College,  Oi- 
Bn^lEsb  fmnory  fet  LLibon,  1678- 


iniJJ41l  (1S09J-1BM),  prahrtariiio 
tbor :  enduited  nC  Abintocn.  IBiO ;  niliii<- 
ud  tJrqiihut;    pubUihed  'Tbe  Salni'e 


.  TbiniM,  TSJL. 
IxiL  IM] 
Bm  ROBERT  (I«II-I70>>,  Ind  mijoTot 


of  Iro 

;    pnBldent  of 


,   l«rt: 


till.  IM] 
>' A  LTEK  (I79l>~ie>T),pikiiilnii[iddniiigbU- 

.  T.] :  eiblbltad  it  BootUib  Aademy  from 
1U7;  R^fLA..  m*:  pubilibed  'Btahingt  lUiutntln  a 


lUl: 


d  primiM^  of  AnoBjTb  by 
[mifonoLty. 


.110] 
L  count 


leL  accorllDff  to  PulU'  If 


Qnek,  m  truwlitton of  Kdm'a'Ji 
187t,  '  The  aoepel  tea-'—  "  °- 
Belltl'  <L«.   BUllol), 

OILS  AST,    JAMBS 


i^!?l'[l)'" 
(17«t-187t),  pro- 
-    - -^w  of  St, 


lobrtdge.  Wt- 
ll.o»iiibr"--  ■"-  -  ■" 

P,  GEOBOB  (/.  lSll-lMtl),portrmit-ijiiiiil«r 

h  Vuidyclc ;  uilalfd  portnLll»of  wmiunOedl.i 
.  -.  -.I... f„  ,_]  („„  M  H«lltald).  —I 


[«l.  US] 

Ii3 


GELL 


484 


GEOFFREY 


GELL,  Sir  JOHN  (1693-1671),  parliamentarian;  m 
Bheriff  of  Derbyshire  levied  ibip-money,  1635:  created 
baronet,  1642 :  raised  regiment  for  the  parliament,  which 
was  notorious  for  its  plnndering,  1642;  prominent  at 
capture  of  Lichfield  and  battle  of  Hopton  Heath,  1643 ; 
ftuspected  of  conniving  at  escape  of  the  royalists  after 
Noseby,  1646  ;  imprisoned  and  fined  for  plots  against  the 
Commonwealth,  1650;  signed  Derbyshire  petition  to 
Monck,  1660.  [xxi.  113] 

GELL,  JOHN  (d,  1806),  admiral:  commanded  the 
Monarca  in  actions  of  Sir  Edward  Hughes  [q.  v.]  with  De 
Suffreu  ;  rear-admiral,  1793,  when  he  captured  a  French 
privateer  with  the  valuable  Spanish  trensure-ship  San- 
tiago ;  took  part  in  occupation  of  Toulon  :  admiral,  1799. 

[xxi.  114] 

OELL,  ROBERT  a696-1665X  divine:  educated  at 
Westminster  and  Ohnst's  College,  Cambridge ;  fellow ; 
rector  of  St.  Mar>\  Aldermanbuij,  e.  1641-66:  published 

*  Essay  towards  the  Amendment  of  the  last  English  Trans- 
lation of  the  Bible,'  1669.  [xxi.  116] 

GELL,  Sir  WILLIAM  (1777-1836),  archsBologist  and 
traveller ;  fellow  of  Emmanuel  College,  Cambridge ;  his 

*  Topography  of  Troy,*  1804,  made  in  three  days,  alluded 
to  by  Byron's  epithet  *  rapid  Gdl  *  (originally  *  classic  *) : 
knighted  after  mission  to  Ionian  islands,  1803  ;  travelled 
in  Greece  with  Edward  Dod well  [q.  v.]  and  published  *  Qeo- 
graphy  and  Antiquities  of  Ithaca,*  1807,  and  *  Itinerary 
of  Greece,*  1810;    published  *  Itinerary  of  the  Morea*  | 
(1817)  and  *  Journey  in  the  Morea  *  (1823) :  gave  evidence  ; 
(1820)  in  favour  of  Queen  Caroline,  whose  chamberlain  . 
he  hud  been  :  after  1820  lived  in  Italy  ;  published  '  Pom- 
peiana,' 1817-19,  and  'Topography  of  Home,'  1834:  his 
original  drawings  preserved  in  the  British  Museum. 

[xxi.  116] 
GELLZBBAND,  HENRY  (1597-16»6X  mathema- 
tician; M.A.  Trinity  College,  Oxford,  1623;  friend  of  '. 
Henry  Briggs  [q.  v.] ;  Gresham  profe^or  of  astronomy, 
1627  :  prosecuted  by  Land  for  bringing  out  jan  almanack 
in  which  protestant  martyrs  were  suiMtitutixl  for  Romish 
saints;  acquitted;  completed  Brigg^'s  * Trigonometria 
Britannica,'  1633:  publif<hed  other  mathematical  works 
and  'Epitome  of  Navigation.*  [xxi.  117] 

GEMINI,  GEIUNIE,  or  GEMDnTS,  THOMAS  (>f.  ' 
1640-1660),  engraver  and  printer;  published  with  copper- 
plate  engravings  by  hinuMlf  *  Compendiosa  totius  Ana- 
tomic deUneatio,'  1646,  an  abridgment  of  Vesalius's  work 
of  1643 ;  printed  works  for  Leonard  Diggcs  (d.  1671  ?) 
[q.  v.]  and  engraved  a  portrait  of  Queen  Mary  (1669). 

[xxi.  118] 

GENDALL,  JOHN  (1790-1866),  painter,  employed  by 
R.  Ackermami  [q.  v.]  ;  exhibited  paintings  of  I>evonshiro 
scenery  at  the  Academy,  1846-63.  [xxi.  119] 

GENE8T,  JOHN   (1764-1839),  dramatic    liistorian  :  ! 
educated  at  Westminster:  M.A.  Trinity  College,  Cam- 
bridge, 1787  ;  published  at  Bath  '  Account  of  the  English 
Stage,  1660-1830 *  (1832).  [xxL  1 19] 

GEVIKGES,  EDMUND  (1667-1691),  Roman  catholic  ' 
divine ;  executed  at  Tyburn  for  returning  to  the  realm  : 
his  life  published  at  St  Omer,  1614.  [xxi.  119] 

GEHINGE8,  JOHN  (1670  ?-1660),  provincial  of  Eng- 
lish Franciscans ;  brother  of  Edmund  Geninges  [q.  v.]  ;  ; 
first  vicar  of  SL  Bonaventure,  Donay,  1619 ;  co-founder  of 
convent  of  St.  Elizabeth,  Brussels ;  published  *  Institutio 
Missionariorum,*  1661.  [xxL  120] 

GENT,  Sir  THOMAS  (d.  1698),  judge:  barrister. 
Middle  Temple ;  M.P.,  Maiden,  1671 ;  serjeant-at-law, 
1684 ;  twrou  of  the  exchequer,  1686 ;  member  of  high 
commission  court.  [xxi.  120] 

GENT,  THOMAS  (1693-1778),  printer  and  topo- 
grapher :  member  oi  Stationers*  Company  and  admitted 
to  freedom  of  the  city,  1717  ;  employea  in  Fleet  Street  by 
Henry  Woodfall  [q.  v.]  and  Samuel  Richardson  [q.  v.]  ; 
setUed  at  York,  1724,  being  the  sole  printer  in  the  city 
and  oounty  :  printed  his  own  histories  of  York  (1730), 
Ripon  (1734X  and  Hull  (1736);  set  up  the  first  press  at 
Scarborough ;  died  in  groat  poverty ;  his  autobiography 
edited  by  Rev.  Joseph  Hunter,  1832.  [xxi.  121] 

GEHTILE80EI,  ARTEMISIA  (1690-1642  ?),  painter ; 
came  to  England  with  her  tether,  Oraxio  Gentileschi  , 


[q.  v.] ;  painted  for  Charles  I '  David  aud  Goliath,*  *  Faox^' 
and  a  portrait  of  herself :  retoraed  to  Italy  befbre  16JD; 
famous  for  her  portraits.  [xxL  ISIJ 

GEKTUBSOHI,  ORAZIO  (1MS-1647X  paints': 
native  of  Pisa ;  came  to  England,  1626,  from  Pant,  at 
invitation  of  Yandyck;  painted  for  Buckingham  aid 
Charles  I,  who  lodged  him  and  gave  him  an  annaiO-; 
some  of  his  pictures  at  Marlborough  House  and  tvost 
Hampton  Court.  [xxL  US] 

OEVTILI«  ALBERICO  (1662-1608),  civilian :  bon  « 
Sanginesio ;  D.C.L.  Perugia :  obliged  to  leave  Italy  vith 
his  father  on  account  of  heretical  opinioii5 :  arrind  is 
London,  1680 :  incorporated  D.C.L.  at  Oxford,  1681 ;  ood- 
sulted  by  government  as  to  coarse  to  be  taken  vith 
Mendoza,  the  plotting  Spanish  ambassador,  1584 ;  aooon- 
panied  embassy  of  Pallavicino  to  Saxony,  1686 :  regini 

grofessor  of  civil  law  at  Oxford  through  WalBingfaaBl 
ifluence,  1687  ;  began  to  practise  as  an  advocate,  UfO: 
admitted  at  Gray's  Inn,  1600 ;  permanent  advocate  tor 
king  of  Spain,  1606.  His  chief  works  were  *De  Jmi 
Intorpretibus  Dlalogi  sex,'  1682  (in  defence  of  the  oUb 
jurists  against  the  *  humanist*  schoolX  *  De  Legationiboi* 
(1686),  *  De  Jure  Belli  Commentattoncs  Tres,*  1688;  *Di 
Jura  Belli,*  1698,  and  '  HispanicsB  Advocationis  Libri  Dod^* 
1618;  fifteen  volumes  of  his  manuscripts  (D'Orvilk)  iS' 
quired  by  the  Bodleian,  1806.  [xxL  124] 

GEKTILI,  ALOYSIUS  (1801-1848).  missionary  Bixii- 
tolic  in  England ;  came  to  En^nd,  1836,  as  misnooer  of 
Rosmini's  Institute  of  Charity ;  superior  of  the  ooUeie, 
Prior  Park.  Bath,  till  1889 :  removed  to  Loogbboroogh 
mission,  1842.  [xxL  127] 

GEETILI,  KOBERT  (1590-1664  ?X  infant  prodigyaad 
translator ;  eldest  son  of  Alberioo  G«itili  [q.  v.] ;  qwti 
French  and  Latin  at  seven;  matricnlated  at  OoM 
Church,  Oxford,  at  nine ;  B.A.  Jesus  College,  Oxfod,  «i 
thirteen:  nominated  probationer  fellow  of  All  SonV  ^ 
College  by  Archbishop  Bancroft  in  eighteenth  year:  »  ^ 
signed  fdlowship,  1612,  and  disappeared  till  1637;  tms* 
lated  Servita*s  *  History  of  the  InquLsition,*  sevenJ  vsrii 
of  Malvezsi,  Bacon's  'Historic  of  Winds*  1663,  aod'Le 
Chemin  Abr^,*  1664.  [xxL  128] 

GEHTLEKAK,  FRANCIS  (1728-1784X  actor  lid 
dramatist:  appeared  at  Dublin  in  *Oroonoko*:  ■fir> 
wards  played  in  his  own  pieces  in  England  and  ScoUsai 
the  best  being  'The  Modish  Wife*  (1774),  prndooedit 
Chester;  published  anon^-mously  the  'Dramatic  Oemt! 
1770 ;  often  relieved  by  Garrick,  whom  be  ridiculed  Id  bb 
'Stratford  Jubilee,'  1769:  edited  BeU's  acting  Sllll^ 
spoarc ;  played  Sir  Epicure  Mammon  in  his  *  Tobaeoonii^* 
1771,  an  adaptation  from  the '  AlchemUt'       [xxL  1S9] 

GEKTLEXAK,  ROBERT  (1746-1796),  dbaaOH 
divine;  preached  and  taught  school  at  Shrew^Miiy.  ITM^ 
1769 ;  divinity  tutor  at  Carmarthen  academv,  1771-M; 
minister  at  Kidderminster,  1784-96 :  publl<he4.  tiMf 
other  works, '  Young  English  Scholar's  Companion.' 

[xxLlW. 

GENTLEKAH,  TOBIAS  (/.  1614),  author  of  «  «*  ^ 
entitled  'Way  to  Wealth,'  1614,  pointing  out  adTtiiti|M  < 
of  developing  herring  fisheries.  [SuppL  IL  tlfl 

GEOFFBEY  (</.  1093X  bishop  of  Coatanoes,  lOtf: 
completed  his  cathedral,  1056 :  followed  Duke  ^^lOisffl  to    ^^ 
England,  1066.  and  interpreted  at  his  coronation :  reoetMl    *^ 
vast  grants  of  land,  chiefly  in  the  iM-est,  where  be  m    = 
active  in  repressing  the  rising  of  1068;  presided  at  tM    ~^ 
of  suit  between  Lanfranc  and  Odo  at  Paateadm,Vffl: 
attended  councils  of  Winchester  and  Windsor,  1072.  aai 
the  ecclesiastical  council  at  St  Panrs,  1076 ;  hdpel  toort 
down  rising  of  Ralf,  earl  of  Norfolk,  and  Roger,  ttrlfl 
Hereford,  1076 :  took  part  in  the  baronial  risiog  a«alirt 
William  II,  and  held  Bristol  Castle,  bat  was  pardoMi: 
upheld  privileges  of  the  clergy  at  Salisbory,  1068 ;  died  * 
Coutances.  [xxi.  IN] 

GEOFFREY,  RUFUS  (d.  1140).    [See  BUITO] 

GEOFFREY  GAIMAR  ((1.1140?)    [SeeGAlMAX.] 

GEOFFREY  of  Gorham  (tf.  1146),  abbot  d  St 
Albans,  1119-46;  native  of  Maine;  while  teacfaiaeA 
Dunstable  composed  a  miracle-play  of  St.  Katbaitee; 
built  guests'  ball,  queen'i>  chamber,  and  a  shrine ;  tisai^ 
lated  St.  Alban's  body,  1129  ;  founded  leper  hospital  oCSL 
Julian,  and  enlarged  nunnery  at  Qopv^L        TzxL  US] 

! 


GEOFFREY 


485 


aEORQE  n 


ET  OP  Monmouth  (1I00?-I1MX  bishop  of 
I  chronicler ;  probably  a  Benedictine  monk  of 
studied  at  Oxford  ;  archdeacon  of  Llandaff, 
op  of  St.  Aaaph,  115S-4:  witnessed  Treaty 
d.  1153  :  baried  at  Llandaff.  Hie  '  Historia 
ompiled  from  'Nennitu*  and  a  lo«t  book  of 
ds,  tracing  the  descent  of  British  princes 
jana,  was  translated  Into  Anglo-Norman  by 
Waoe,  and  into  Snglish  by  Layamon  and 
oocester ;  first  printed  in  1608  (Paris),  and 
r.  Giles  in  1844.  Geoffrey's  'Prophetia 
orlim  Ambrosii  Britanui  *  was  fimt  printed, 

[xxi.  las] 

SY  {d.  IIM),  firfft  abbot  of  Doufermline, 
f  Ohrist  Charch,  Canterbury,  1126. 

[xxL  136] 
SY  (d.  1178X  abbot  of  Donfennline,  nephew 
r  of  Geoffrey  (d.  1164)  [q.  t.];   witnessed 
alcolm  IT  and  William  the  Lion  ;  wrote  in 
yttish  chnrch.  [xxL  186] 

ST  (1158-1186X  fourth  son  of  Henry  n  and 
tany :  betrothed  by  his  father  to  Constance, 
loant  Oonan,  the  Little,  and  adopted  as  heir, 
3e  French  king  and  his  own  brothers  invaded 
L73,  bat  did  homage  to  his  father  on  a  promise 
▼ennes  of  Brittany,  1175:  knighted,  1178; 
>  II  of  France  ngainst  the  rebellions  lords, 
1  CTonstance,  1181 ;  by  order  of  Henry  II 
1  his  brother  Richard  :  invaded  Poitoa,  ^nd 
s:st,  oocnpying  Limoges  by  treacher>%  1183 ; 
ry  reconciliation  with  Richard,  joined  Prince 
r  him^  1194 ;  held  *  Assize  of  Count  Geoffrey ' 
t  prescnre  rights  of  the  lord,  1186;  plotted 
I  for  po^ession  of  Anjoa ;  died  suddenly  at 
is  baried  in  Notre  Dame.  [xxi.  136] 

BY  DK  Vlvsaup  (Jt.  1200X    [See  Vinsadf.] 

BY  DE  MuscHAMP  (</.  1208X  bishop  of  Lich- 
eotry,  1198:  archdeacon  of  OleTcland,  1189 ; 
p  by  monkn  of  Coventry  at  instance  of 
ad  Archbishop  Hubert,  1198 ;  said  to  have 
fland,  1S07.  [xxL  138] 

BY  (</.  1218X  archbishop  of  York ;  repated 
n,  at  whose  accession  be  was  acknowledged 
into  the  hoaeehold ;  made  bishop  of  Lincoln, 
>Tominent  part  in  noppressing  the  northern 
173-4 :  remained  imoonsecrated  and  resigned 
re  from  Pope  Alexander  III,  1182,  but  became 
England  and  treasurer  of  York ;  faithful  to 
n  his  last  war  ynth  Richard  and  Philip 
3g-9 ;  named  archbishop  of  York  by  Richard  I, 
ppoMd  by  Hubert  Walter  and  part  of  the 
ained  priest  and  confirmed  in  his  see  after 
tion :  retired  to  Normandy,  1190,  and  ordered 

0  remain  abroad  for  three  years :  consecrated 
>1,  and  thereupon  returned  to  England  ;  ar- 
'illiam  of  Longchamp  on  the  ground  of 
rohibition  of  his  return  to  England,  but 
r  Prince  John :  released  and  enthroned ;  cx- 
ed  Bishop  Hugh  of  Durham  and  other 
|<rined  Bishop  Hugh  against  John,  1193  ;  his 
pen  rebellion  against  him  after  a  demand  for 
9  for  the  king's  ransom ;  suspended  by  the  pope 
lof  sheriffdom  of  Yorkshire  by  the  king,  1195  : 
le  and  obtained  reversal  of  sentence  from  the 

temporarily  favoured  by  Richard  I,  1198: 

1  favoar  at  accession  of  John,  1199 ;  reconcilel 
with  chapter,  120O,  but  was  again  involved 
upheld  throaghout  by  Innocent  III ;  opposed 

c  on  church  property  and  fled  abroad,  1207 ; 
indmont,  near  Ro4ien.  [xxi.  139] 

OF  CoLDiXGHAM  (Jl.  1214).    [See  COLD- 

(d.   1236?),  prior   of   Ooventr>',    1216; 

9  monks  to  see  of  Lichfield  and  Coventry,  1223, 

ion  quashed  by  Archbishop  Stephen  Langton 

IS  III ;  Bospenrled  for  resi<iting  viKitatiou  of 

1232 ;  author  of  chronicle  cited  in  Dugdale's 

[xxi.  146] 


Wynken  de  Worde).  Other  works  assigned  to  Geoffrey  by 
Bale  and  Pits  include  the  fin<t  Latin-English  dictionary 
printed  in  England  ('  Hortus  *)  W.  de  Worde,  in  1600. 


[zxL  146] 

r27i   - 


THK     Grammarian,    alias    Starkkt 

friar ;  preacher  at  King's  L3n3n.  Norfolk ; 

nrium  [store-house]  Parvnlorum  Clericorum,' 

<atin  dictionary,  valuable  as  record  of  flf  teenth- 

li^  and  East-Anglian  dialect,  and  for  elnci- 

Latin  (printed  by  Pyuaou,  1499,  and  by 


GBOSOE  I  (Gkoror  Lkwih)  (1660-1727X  king  of 
Great  Britain  and  Ireland  and  dector  of  Hanover ;  great 
grandson  of  James  I ;  first  saw  military  servioe  under 
the  empire,  1676 ;  came  to  England  to  propose  for  the 
hand  of  the  Prlnoera  Anne,  1^;  married  his  cousin, 
Sophia  Dorothea  of  CeUe,  1682;  took  part  in  Sobicski's 
relief  of  Vienna,  1083 ;  distinguished  himself  in  Hungary, 
1686,  and  at  Neerwinden,  1693;  divorced  his  wife  and 
imprisoned  her  for  life,  1694  ;  succeeded  to  Hanover,  1698% 
odmittal  to  the  college  of  electors  at  the  diet,  17u8,  and 
named  arch-treas*urer  of  the  empire,  1710  :  protected  Hd- 
stoin-Gottorp  against  Denmark,  1699 ;  joined  the  Grand 
Alliance,  1701,  oontributing  10,000  men  and  five  regi- 
ments of  horse ;  formed  intimate  relations  with  Marl- 
borough after  his  mission  of  1704-6 ;  commanded  imperial 
army  on  Upper  Rhine,  1707-9 :  concluded  alliances  with 
PoUmd,  1709,  and  Denmark,  1710 ;  occupied  Verden,  1712 ; 
reposed  to  intervene,  in  English  poUtlos  ;  reconciled  with 
his  son  on  death  (1714)  of  his  mothor,  Eleotress  Sophia, 
which  made  him  the  next  heir  after  Qneen  Anne  to  the 
English  throne ;  on  Qneen  Anne's  death  had  fresh  instru- 
ment of  regency  drawn  op  for  England,  1714 ;  while  at  the 
Hague,  on  his  way  to  fill  English  throne,  displaced  Boling- 
broke  for  Townsheud  as  secretary  of  state,  having  pre- 
viously named  Marlborough  captain-general;  became 
king  of  England,  1714;  his  first  collective  cabinet  en- 
tirely whig,  with  the  exception  of  Nottingliam  [see  Finch, 
Daniel];  conformed  to  the  national  church,  though 
he  was  allowed  a  Lutheran  chaplain,  but  was  unpopular 
on  account  of  his  character  and  the  rapacity  of  his  foreign 
favourites,  an  attempt  on  his  life  being  made,  1717;  after 
suppression  of  Jacobite  rebellion  of  1716,  and  passing  of 
Septennial  Act,  1716,  went  to  Hanover,  where  he  fre- 
quently spent  the  latter  half  of  each;  year,  his  son  Prince 
George  being  left  as  regent ;  formed  an  alliance  with  France 
and  the  Netherlands,  1717,  in  which  year  Townshend  was 
replaced  by  Stanhope  as  chief  minister;  the  quadruple 
alliance  formed  in  1718,  In  accordance  with  his  wishes, 
and  Bremen  and  Verden  added  to  Hanover,  the  schemes  of 
Charles  XII  and  Alberoni  to  aid  the  Jacobites  being  foiled ; 
granted  a  slight  measure  d  relief  to  the  Romanists  and  dis- 
senters ;  had  convocation  silenced,  1717.  Walpole,  who  was 
called  in  to  deal  with  the  South  Sea  crisis,  remained  chief 
minister  from  1721  till  the  end  of  the  rdgn.  Under  Walpole 
the  'Atterbnry  plot'  was  discovered,  1722, farther  inter- 
ference with  Sweden  checked,  the  treaty  of  Hanover  ne- 
gotiated, 1726,  as  a  countercheck  to  that  of  Vienna,  and 
George  I  induced  to  ai»ent  to  it.  Geurge  I  died  of  apo- 
plexy at  Osnabrilck  and  was  buried  at  Hanover.  His  will 
was  destroyed  by  George  IL  A  certain  brusqueness  of 
manner,  in  spite  of  some  kingly  qualities,  prevented  him 
from  attaining  popularity.  Portraits  by  Kueller  are  at 
Windsor  and  in  the  National  Portrait  Gallery. 

[xxi.  146] 

OEOSOE  n  (1683-1760),  king  of  Great  Britain  and 
Ireland :  son  of  Gteorge  I :  after  the  divorce  of  his  mother, 
whom  he  thought  innocent,  lived  wiUi  his  grandparents 
at  Hanover :  married  Charlotte  Caroline  of  Brandcnburg- 
Anspach,  1705;  creatal  an  English  peer,  1706;  distin- 
gui><hed  himself  at  Oudenarde,  1708 ;  came  to  England  with 
his  father  and  was  created  Prince  of  Wales,  1714;  on 
friendly  terms  with  John  Campbell,  second  duke  of 
Argyll,  formed  intimacy  vvith  Henrietta  Howard  (later 
Countess  of  Suffolk) :  popular  with  English,  but  not  with 
Hanoverians ;  confined  to  his  room  and  excluded  from  St. 
James's  on  acooimt  of  his  conduct  to  the  king  and  New- 
castle at  the  baptism  of  his  eldest  son,  Frolerick,  1717  ; 
removed  to  Leicester  House,  which  became  a  centre  of 
opposition,  1718;  deprived  of  custody  of  his  children, 
parUally  reconciled  to  the  king  through  W^alpole,  1720 ; 
succeeded  to  the  throne,  1727;  continued  Walpole  in 
office  after  his  favourite.  Sir  Spencer  Compton,  afterwards 
lord  Wilmington  [q.  v.],  had  failed  to  form  a  ministry, 
but  replaced  Lord  Berkeley  (who  had  propounded  a  scheme 
for  transplanting  him  to  America  when  Prince  of  Wales) 
by  Sir  George  Byng  at  the  admiralty ;  went  to  Hanover 
to  secure  possession  of  his  mother's  property  and  that  of 
his  uncle,  the  late  bishop  of  OsnnbrUck  ;  quarrelled  with 
Frederick  William  of  Prussia,  and  though  reconciled  to 
him  by  arbitration,  1730,  was  debarred  from  carrying  out 
contemplated  marriage  alliances  between  the  houses  of 
England  and  Prussia;  with  difflcalty  prevented  from 


GEOBaE  ni 


486 


GEOBGE   in 


invnlTinff  England  in  the  Polinb  Biiccenion  war,  1788 ; 
tried  to  negotiate  an  alliance  between  the  King  of  Spain, 
Philip  T.  and  the  emperor  Charles  VII ;  concluded  treaty 
with  Denmark,  1734 ;  became  attached  to  Oounteas  von 
Walmodcn,  1785  :  reluctantly  refused  alliance  with  the  em- 
peror ;  negotiated  marriage  for  Frederick,  prince  of 
Wales,  with  Augusta  of  Saze-Ootha,  1786:  spent  nxwt 
of  1786  in  Hanover:  was  in  great  danger  from  a 
storm  in  returning ;  had  an  open  rupture  with  Fred- 
erick, prince  of  Wales,  1737  ;  created  Ckrantess  Wulmoden 
Lady  Yarmoatti,  1738 ;  overcame  the  pacific  policy  of 
Walpole,  1739,  and  declared  war  against  Spain  ;  concluded 
treaty  with  Maria  Theresa,  for  whom  he  obtained  a 
subsidy,  1741 ;  secured  Hanover  by  nentrality  agreement 
with  France;  reluctantly  parted  with  Walpole,  174S; 
made  Lord  Wilmington  (Cknnpton)  head  of  the  treasury, 
and  in  Garteret  as  secretary  of  state  (1742-6)  found 
a  sympathetic  foreign  minister :  probably  by  advice  of 
Oarteret  arranged  treaty  of  Bresbiu  l)etween  Frederick 
the  Great  of  Prussia  and  Maria  Theresa,  174S,  and 
formed  defensive  alliances  with  Prussia  and  Kussia, 
1748  ;  took  Hanoverian  troops  into  British  pay  and  sent 
them  into  the  Netherlands;  personally  led  the  allial 
troops  at  Dettingcn  against  Uie  French,  the  victory 
recovering  him  his  popularity,  1743;  concluded  treaty 
of  Worms  with  Maria  Theresa  and  Sardinia,  1743  ;  com- 
pelled by  his  other  ministers  to  dismiss  Carteret,  1744 : 
made  largely  responsible  for  the  defence  of  Bohemia  when 
Frederick  the  Great  declared  war  upon  that  country 
and  renewed  hostilities  with  Maria  Theresa ;  compelled 
by  the  success  of  the  French  and  Prussians,  and  landing 
of  the  Young  Pretender  in  Scotland,  to  extort  Maria 
Theresa's  consent  to  the  cession  of  Silesia,  1746 ;  tried 
to  get  rid  of  his  ministers  and  to  recall  Carteret  (Lord 
Granville)  and  Pnlteney  (Lord  Bath) ;  refused  to  accept 
Pitt  as  secretary-at-war ;  gained  over  Newcastle  to  his 
warlike  views,  and  after  Oulloden  sent  more  troops  to 
the  Netherlanids,  1746 ;  after  unsuccessful  operations 
obliged  to  make  peace  on  the  basis  of  mutual  re- 
stitution, 1748  ;  his  scheme  for  procuring  election  of  Arch- 
duke Joseph  as  king  of  the  Romans  defeated  by  Prussia, 
1750  ;  submitted  to  the  Pclhams  on  the  death  of  Frederick, 
prince  of  Wales,  1751;  the  subsidy  treaties  arranged 
by  him  for  the  defence  of  Hanover  rejected  by  the 
regents,  1766,  though  next  year  a  treaty  was  arranged 
with  Prussia  guaranteeing  the  integrity  of  Germany; 
obliged  by  the  resignation  of  Henry  Fox  [q.  v.]  to  accept 
Pitt  as  secretary  of  state  under  Devonshire,  1756,  and, 
though  he  dismiased  him  within  three  mouths,  on  Walde- 
grave's  failure  to  form  a  ministry  was  obligal  to  re- 
appoint him  with  Newcastle  at  the  treasury,  1757.  He 
showed  much  displeasure  with  his  son,  the  Duke  of  Cum- 
berland, after  his  failure  in  Germany,  and  considered  the 
sentence  of  the  court-martial  on  Sackville  too  lenient. 
At  the  date  of  his  death  the  French  had  been  driven 
from  Canada,  checked  in  Europe,  and  successfully  attacked 
in  India,  Africa,  and  the  West  Indies,  while  the  Dutch 
were  ousted  from  Bengal.  He  was  buried  beside  Queen 
Caroline  in  Henry  VII's  chapel,  Westminster  Abbey.  In 
state  affairs  he  was  largely  guided  by  Queen  Caroline,  to 
whom  he  was  much  attached,  in  spite  of  his  mistresses.  He 
put  Hanover  and  his  continental  interests  before  England. 
Though  a  patron  of  Handel,  be  neglected  literature  and 
pictorial  art.  Several  portraits  of  him  are  in  the  National 
Portrait  Gallery  and  at  Hampton  Gk>urt,  and  a  royal  group 
by  Hogarth  in  the  National  Portrait  Gallery  of  Ireland. 

[xxL  151] 
6E0SGE  nz  (Gborob  William  Frkokrick)  (1788- 
18S0X  grandson  of  dtoorge  II,  and  king  of  Great  Britain 
and  Ireland  ;  son  of  Frederick  Louis,  prince  of  Wales 
[q.  v.]  ;  created  Prince  of  Wales,  1751 ;  imbibed  political 
principles  from  writings  of  Bolingbroke  and  BlockstCMie ; 
completely  under  influence  of  his  mother,  and  after  attain- 
ment of  his  majority  (1756)  of  Bute ;  said  to  have  been  in 
love  with  Hannah  Lightfoot,  a  quakereas ;  on  coming  to 
the  throne,  1760,  put  forth  a  proclamation  against  immo- 
rality, and  declared  that  be  *  gloried  in  the  name  of 
Briton ' ;  after  a  flirtation  with  Lady  Sarah  Lennox, 
married  Charlotte  Sophia  [q.  v.]  of  Mecklenburg-Strelltz, 
1761 ;  recommended  the  extension  of  judge's  tenures  be- 
yond the  demise  of  the  crown  ;  determined  to  destroy  the 
party  system  and  to  end  the  French  war  ;  dismissed  Pitt 
and  Newcastle,  and  made  Bute  secretary  of  state,  1761, 
and  first  minister,  1762;  dismissed  Portland,  Rocking- 
ham, and  other  leading  whigs,  and  concluded  peace  with 
France  and  Spain,  1763  ;  was  obliged  to  part  with  Bute, 


j  but  for  Rome  time  acted  on  his  advice  :  called  in  Geonrr 
Grenville  [q.  v.],  but  made  constant  attempts  to  get  rid  of 
him,  though  concurring  generally  iu  bis  policy ;  nrnd  oa 
prosecution  of  Wilkes,  1768 :  approved  Grcnville's  Stany 
Act,  1765,  but  allowed  its  repeaU  1766 ;  the  Regency  Ad, 
from  which  ministers  at  first  exdoded  name  of  prinoai 
dou*ager,  due  to  his  first  mental  lUness,  1766 :  iMgotiaiBl 
with  Pitt  and  Lyttdton  through  CnmbcrlaDd  ;  again  pro- 
mised to  deny  access  to  Bute,  probably  keeping  bis  wocd : 
obliged  to  accept  Rockingham  as  minister:  Intrifosi 
against  Rockingham  through  *  the  king's  friends ' :  alk>««l 
ntt  to  come  in  with  a  free  hand,creatlng  him  Kari  of  Cfasl' 
ham,  Grafton  behig  nominal  premier,  1766 :  ratnoftii 
Chatham  to  retain  office,  1767  ;  ozged  firmness  in  dealisf 
with  the  rioters  of  1769  and  with  Wilkes  :  insulted  by  s 
mob  at  St.  James's  ;  induced  Charles  Yorke  [q.  v.]  lo 
acoept  the  seals,  1770  ;  made  North  premier,  1770 :  »• 
mainod  unmoved  by  peUtions  from  the  city  denMDdinf  i 
dissolution  :  and  for  twelve  years  personaUy  dirBCtel  th 
government  through  distribution  of  patronage,  ditponl 
of  civil  list  revenue,  and  manifestaUons  of  fediog  it 
court  ceremonials  ;  frequently  wrote  to  North,  but  ttm^ 
times  consulted  Charles  Jenkinson,  afterwanls  flnt  siri 
of  Liverpool  [q.  v.] ;  directed  the  opposition  to  Smrikft 
Nullum  Tempos  Bill ;  forbade  Cumberland  and  Okraoaiff 
the  court,  and  promoted  the  Royal  Marriage  Bill.  wUtt 
prohibited  members  of  the  royal  family  from  martjiii 
under  twenty-five  without  the  king's  consent ;  pxevnttl 
interference  of  France  between  Russia  and  Tudaji 
showed  hostility  to  Clive,  1773:  favoured  Boston  Pgit 
Bill,  1774 ;  arranged  for  Hanoverian  garrisons  in  Oibialfiv 
and  Minorca,  and  n^^^otiuted  for  the  hire  of  Rnasiia 
tioops,  1776 ;  supported  the  policy  which  kd  to  outbnsk 
of  war  with  American  colonlf^  and  as  the  war  oontiBiMd, 
approved  '  every  means  of  distressing  America ' :  appM 
to  parliament  for  a  grant  to  pay  his  debts,  aod  tbon^ 
preaenUng  imperfect  accounts,  received  a  earn  for  nam 
and  an  additimi  to  the  civil  list,  1777:  refuMi  toaDmr 
North  to  resign  or  to  receive  (Chatham  aa  chief  iiihiiiiw. 
1778 ;  allowed  North  to  negotiate  with  theoppoeitioo; «» 
templated  retirement  to  Hanover ;  saved  Loudoo  bjUi 
conduct  during  Gordon  riots,  1780  ;  spent  great  sumi  H 
eleotjons  of  1781,  and  is  said  to  have  personally  canvasnl 
against  Kcppd  at  Windwr ;  applied  to  Shtdbnme  lid 
Gfower  on  North's  resignation,  1782,  but  was  forced  afplk 
to  take  Rockingham  as  minister ;  through  Thuzlov  m 
the  Shelbume  section  against  the  Rockingham  wH^ 
and  on  Rockingham's  death  (1782)  appolntel  Shdbani 
as  his  successor;  on  Shelbnme's  reaigiiatioa  •nb'^^ 
the  younger  Pitt  and  Gower  before  submitting  to  itnia 
the  coalition,  1783,  whom  he  overthrew  by  using  Usg* 
sonal  influence  with  the  peers  against  their  India  m 


1788  ;  supported  Pitt  both  before  and  after  the  . 
election,  which  secured  him  a  majority,  the '  king's  friodi' 
subsequently  disappearing  as  a  party;  followed  IW 
advice  when  premier,  though  disliking  his  aoheme  of  p» 
liamentary  reform  and  the  trial  of  Warren  HastiaHi  M 
life  threatened  by  the  mad  Margaret  Niobolaao  [4.«1 
1786  ;  suffered  second  attack  of  madnesa,  178fr-Q :  tem 
to  dismissal  of  Thurlow,  1792.  and  recall  of  Dokoof  m 
from  Flanders,  1794  :  remonstrated  with  PiU 
negotiating  with  France,  1797;  shot  at  by 
1800  ;  caused  the  resignation  of  Pitt  hy 
against  revival  of  catholic  emancipation,  1801 :  toini* 
thinl  attack  of  mania,  which  was  abridged  bj  M>k 
promiiie  not  to  revive  the  Roman  Cathcdio  qneirtnn :  » 
viewed  volunteers  In  Hyde  Park,  1803 ;  became  denifri 
again,  1804,  in  consequence  of  the  conduct  of  the  fmH 
of  Wales :  through  Eldon  consented  to  reoave  FM  tasA 
with  the  GrenvUlcs,  but  without  Fox,  1804 ;  opeood  i» 
liament  for  Ust  time,  1806  ;  appointed  Mannen-SolIM 
primate  ioi^tcad  at  Pitt's  nominee,  1806  ;  sent  forBavta* 
bury  (Jcukinsou),  1806,  and  on  his  failure  accepted  Giv 
villcas  minister  with  Fox,  to  whom  he  became  reoofMi 
but  brought  about  his  resignation  by  demanding  a  jUft 
against  catholic  emancipation ;  by  his  influence  k^t  tti 
Portland  ministry  together,  1809-12  ;  condemned  tbiM 
of  Canning  and  Castlereagh ;  became  blind,  and,  aflv 
1811,  permanently  deranged,  but  retained  bodily  itrrpij^ 
almost  till  death.  He  v^'as  very  popular  with  the  ■Mfk 
classes,  and  generally  with  tlie  majority  of  his  ■oba«^ 
who  respected  the  decorum  of  his  life,  and  a  flroBM 
which  at  times  verged  ou  ol>stinacy.  He  waa  buried ftl 
St.  George's  ChapeC  Windsor.  Portraits  of  him  nc  tf 
Windror,  Uauipion  Court,  and  iu  the  Katioual  Portatt 
Gallery .  [xxL  l«S] 


,=    1 


GEORGE  IV 


487 


GERARD 


OB  FT  (1763-1830),  kin?  of  Great  Britain  and 
■on  of  Oeorg«  III  and  Qtieen  Oharlotte :  brought 
%  aedoaion  with  his  brother  Fredericic  Aagustua, 
ork  [q.  ▼.],  at  Kew,  but  well  educated  ;  already 
in  inttigne  with  Mary  Robinson  [q.  v.]  ('  Fter- 
10 :  came  of  age,  1783,  when  he  established  him- 
xlton  House :  reoeiTed  30,0001.  from  parliament 
pta,and  an  annual  allowance  of  60,000/.  from  the 
Aoae  alliance  with  Oharkn  James  Fox  [q.  ▼.]  and 
e  leaden ;  fell  in  love  with  Mrs.  Maria  Anne 
^  [4*  ▼•]  ^od  married  her,  1785 :  denied  the 
in  order  to  conciliate  parliament  and  deceived 
si^ed  an  addition  to  his  income  and  a  parlia- 
rrant  of  161,000/.  for  his  debts,  1787 ;  plunged 
,  extrafagances  in  company  with  York,  Fox, 
and  Beau  Bmmmell :  built  Brighton  Pavilion, 
Uved  much  there ;  intrigued  with  Thurlow  and 
laqgh  against  the  queen  and  Pitt,  and  openly 
1  mc  sopport  against  the  minister's  regency 
■»  1788 :  drew  up  a  letter  of  remonstrance  in 
rtUi  the  whigs  against  the  restrictions  on  his 
I  regent,  1789 ;  received  an  offer  of  free  powers 
ih  parliament ;  excluded  from  the  king's  pre- 
hia  recovery:  addressed  remonstrances  to  him 
ct  of  tbc  queen  and  an  apologetic  memorial ; 
meij  abroad  on  Osnabrtick  bishopric  and  poet- 
isir  liability  rq)ndiatad  by  the  prince's  agents 
E:  married  Caroline  of  Brunswick,  1796,  but 
;mted  from  her,  and  returned  to  Mrs  Fitasherbert, 
eoently  intimate  with  Lady  Jersey;  recdved 
rant  from  parliament :  demanded  vloe-royalty  of 
jod  intervened  on  behalf  of  Lord  Edward  IntsK- 

v.],  1797-« ;  applied  for  service  abroad ;  under 

of  Hoira  [see  Hahtccgs,  Francm  Raw  don-, 
i]  made  overtarea  to  Pitt,  1801 ;  received  a  fresh 
ant  and  a  commutation  of  his  claims  on  the 

Oomwall,  1803;  his  application  for  military 
EOt  again  refused ;  negotiated  through  Sheridan 
Lington,  but  at  the  same  time  suggested  to  Pitt 
1  between  him  and  Fox  ni^er  tiie  premiership 

1804:  deprived  of  the  care  of  his  daughter, 
i^liarlotte,  1801 ;  obtained  commission  for  exami- 
to  chargw  against  Princess  Oaroline,  1806 ;  prao- 
vered  hinuelf  from  all  the  whigs  except  Sheri- 
ine,  and  Moira ;  consulted  Qrey  and  QrenviUe 

answer  to  Perceval's  regency  proposals,  when 
was  permanently  dibbled  by  insanity,  but  acted 
Ivioe  given  by  Sheridan  and  Adam,  1811 :  after 
egotiations  with  the  whigs  was  induced  by  indn< 
Ady  Hertford  to  accept  tiie  restricted  regency : 
th  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  at  installation  as  Prince 
deprived  of  Perceval's  services  by  his  death.  1813, 
ch  complicated  negotiations  for  the  formation  of 

0  ministry  under  the  Marquis  Wellesley  or  Lord 
lowed,  but  were  rendered  fruitless  owing  to  the 
aversion  from  Qrey  and  Orenville.on  which  the 
uroed  to  ofDce  under  Liverpool,  1812 ;  became 
In  dispatcs  with  bis  wife  and  daughter :  the  re- 

1  of  the  act  of  1795  for  the  security  of  the  king's 
scesdtated  by  his  unpopularity,  1817  ;  succeeded 
rcMoe,  18S0 :  employed  Knighton  to  deal  with  his 
rial  to  prevent  the  return  of  Queen  Caroline 
id  on  her  arrival  exclndeii  her  from  the  corona- 
forced  minii^«rs  to  bring  in  a  divorce  bill,  1820 ; 
island  and  Hanover,  1821,  and  Scotland,  1823; 
sxdode  Cannimr  from  office,  and  thwarted  his 
Dlicy ;  retired  with  Lady  Conjmgham  to  Brigh- 
Windaor;  strongly  opposed  catholic  emandpa- 
tbe  recognition  of  the  Spanish- American  repub- 
Mi  to  taJie  command  oi  the  army  on  Welung- 
lement ;  under  the  Godcrich  ministry,  1827-8, 
d  appointments  without  consulting  the  minis- 
etantly  accepted  the  repeal  of  Test  and  Corpora- 
t,  and  put  many  obstacles  in  the  way  of  the 
I  Oatholic  Emancipation  Bill,  but  finally  gave 
eriy  suffered  from  failing  health  and  delusions  ; 
of  the  crovm  much  dimini«hed  in  his  reign.  He 
I  in  St  George's  Obapd,  Windsor.  Portraits  by 
are  at  Windsor  and  in  the  National  Portrait 

[xxL  192] 


;,  Dl'kk  of  Clarence  (1449-1478),  son  of 

luke  of  York   (1411-1460)  [q.  v.];  after  hU 

sath  in   1460  was  sent  for  safety  to  Utrcchit, 

was  brought  back  on  hb  brbther  Edward  IVs 

ill  1461  and  created  Duke  of  Clarence  ;  lord- 


lieutenant  of  Ireland,  1462  ;  at  Calais  married,  contrary 
to  Edward's  wishes  (1469),  Isabella,  the  elder  daughter  of 
the  Earl  of  Warwick  [see  Nkvillk,  Richard]  ;  Invaded 
England  in  company  with  his  father-in-law  and  made 
King  Ed^^-ard  pri^'oner  at  Edgecot,  1469 ;  forced  by  public 
opinion  to  release  him ;  after  obtaining  an  amnesty  be- 
came implicated  vrith  Warwick  in  an  unsuccessful  Lan- 
castrian  rising  in  Lincolnshire ;  fled  to  France,  March 
1470 ;  returned  to  England  with  Warwick,  September  1470, 
and  Edward  fled  tlie  country ;  disapproved  of  the  restora- 
tion of  Henry  YI,  and  in  1471  deserted  to  his  brother  at 
Coventry  with  four  thousand  men ;  fought  with  Edwaid 
at  Bamet,  1471,  and  Tewkesbury,  1471,  and  assisted  in 
the  re-«stablishmeiit  of  the  York  dynasty:  became  in- 
volved in  a  violent  quarrel  with  his  brother,  Gloucester, 
who  wished  to  marry  Anne  Neville  [see  Axnb,  Quken  of 
Richard  III]  and  share  her  mother's  inheritance ;  recon- 
ciled with  Gloucester  by  a  parliamentary  partiti<m  of  the 
Neville  estates,  1474 ;  offered  himself  (1476)  as  a  suitor  for 
the  hand  of  Mary  of  Burgundy,  ttie  successor  of  Charles 
the  Bold ;  his  scheme  vetoed  by  Edward  lY ;  revenged 
himself  on  some  of  the  queen's  adherents  ;  charged  with 
compassing  the  death  of  the  king  by  necromancy  and' 
vriih  other  treasonable  practices  and  committed  to  the 
Tower ;  attainted  by  parliament,  January  1478,  and  sen- 
tenced to  death;  secretly  executed  within  the  Tower, 
17  or  18  Feb.  1488.  The  mode  of  death  is  imcertain,  the 
statement  that  he  was  drowned  in  a  butt  of  malmsey 
being  perhaps  only  a  London  rumour.  [xlv.  404] 

OEOEOE,  Prixcb  of  Dkkmark  (1653-1708),  consort 
of  Queen  Anne;  married  Princess  Anne,  1688;  deserted 
James  II,  1688,  at  Andover ;  rewarded  by  act  of  naturali- 
sation and  a  peerage,  being  created  Duke  of  Cumberland, 
1689 ;  dUliked  by  William  III ;  on  his  wife's  accession 
was  refused  title  of  king,  1703,  but  named  'generalissimo* 
(nominally  superior  of  Marlborough  as  captain-general) 
and  lord  high  admiral,  receiving  a  large  annuity  and 
exemption  from  dlKabilities  under  Act  of  Settiement; 
voted  for  Oc<»sional  Conformity  Bill,  1703  ;  his  manag«* 
meut  of  the  admiralty  attacked  by  the  whigs,  1704-8; 
F.Ri).  A  portrait  by  Wissing  is  in  the  National  Portrait 
Gallery.  [xxi.  304] 

GEOSGE,  JOHN  (1804-1871),  Irish  judge;  M.A. 
Trinity  CoUege,  Dublin,  1836 :  barrister.  King's  Inns,  1836, 
and  Gray's  Inn,  1827 ;  Q.C.,  1844 ;  M.P.  for  oo.  Wexfoid, 
1863-7  and  1869-06 ;  solicitor-general  under  Lord  Derby, 
1869 :  privy  councillor  of  Ireland,  and  judge  of  queen'fe 
bench,  1866.  [xxi.  207] 

OEOBOE,  WILLIAM  (d.  1756X  dean  of  Lincoln; 
educated  at  Eton  and  King's  OoHege,  Cambridge :  M.A., 
1723;  D.D.,  1728;  seventeen  years  principal  of  Eton; 
provost  of  King's,  1743,  and  vice-chancellor  of  Cambridge ; 
denn  of  Lincoln,  1748-66 ;  his  lines  on  the  death  of  Prince 
Frederick  h  ighly  conmiendod  by  Pope  Benedict  XIV. 

[xxi.  207] 

OERALD,  Saixt  and  Bishop  (d.  731),  acconiing  to 
tltc  Bollaudist  Life,  a  monk  who  left  Winchester  for  Ire- 
iunti  to  lead  a  solitary  life ;  built  a  church  in  Mayo  rullod 
Cill  u-aiiither  ('Church  of  the  Pilgrims'),  where  he  was 
buried ;  termed  in  *  Annals  of  the  Four  Masters '  the 
*Poutifex  of  Mayo  of  Uie  Saxons,*  and  'Episcopus'  in 
LiUuy  of  Oengus.  [xxi.  207] 

GERALD,  JOSEPH  (1763-1796).    [See  Gkrrald.] 

GERARD  or  GIRARD  (d.  1108),  archbishop  of  York ; 
when  clerk  of  the  chapel  and  chancery  sent  by  William  11 
on  a  secret  mission  to  Pope  Url)an,  from  whom  he  obtained 
the  despatch  of  a  legate  and  palliuni,  1096 ;  rewarded 
with  see  of  Herefonl,  l)eing  ordained  only  a  day  before 
consecration,  1096;  witnessed  Henry  I's  charter,  1100; 
archbiiihop  of  York,  1100-8;  opposed  Archbishop  Anselm 
[q.  v.],  and  successfully  represented  Heury  I  against  him 
at  Rome  in  the  investiture  dispute ;  eventually  repudiated 
by  Pope  Paschal  and  compelled  to  profess  ol)edicnce  to 
Anselm ;  attempted  to  consecrate  bishops ;  *  invested '  by 
the  king  and  was  rebuked  by  Paschal;  reconciled  to 
Anselm,  1107:  refuitcd  burial  in  the  minster,  but  trans- 
ferred thither  by  Archbishop  Thomas  II.         [xxi.  208] 

GERARD,  ALEXANDER  (1728-1795),  philosophical 
writer;  professor  of  philosophy  at  Marischnl  College, 
Aberdeen,  1760,  and  of  divinity,  1760-71 ;  professor  of 
divinity  at  King's  College.  1771 ;  D.D. ;  moderator  of 
general  asaouibly,  17(54 ;  published  prize  '  Essay  on  Taste,' 
1759,  *  E»i<uy  on  Gcuius,'  1774,  and  apologetic  works. 

[xxi.  210] 


GEBABD 


488 


GEREE 


GERARD,  ALEXANDER  (1799-1R39),  Himatnyan  ex- 
plorer; sou  of  Gillwri  Gerard  [q.  v.]  ;  serveil  with 
lath  lieiif^l  native  infantry,  1808-36:  while  enfraflred  in 
Rurvcyinff,  1812-17  and  1826-6,  ascended  peaku  hitherto 
iniffca'ltHl  and  penetratcil  into  Thibet;  aK^nvled  in  18S1 
the  CharanfT  PasR  and  Mount  Tahifrang  (SS,(N)U  feet); 
hlH  travels  describod  in  Indian  scieutiflo  joumaUi  and  In 
l-^linbunirh  *  Journal  of  Science,*  and  noticed  in  HeberV 
•Journal.'  [xxL  811] 

OERARD,  CHARLES,  first  Baron  Grrard  op 
Rrammiv  and  Earl,  op  MAaxBtpiRLn  {d.  1694),  great- 
frrHn(I'M>n  of  Sir  Gilbert  Gerard  [q.  v.] :  educated  abroad : 
(•oinmamled  infantry  brifrade  at  Edgehill,  1642 ;  wounded 
there  and  at  Lichfield,  1643 ;  arranged  capitulation  of 
Bristol,  1643 ;  distingnished  at  first  battle  of  Newbury, 
1643 :  again  ^-ounded  at  relief  of  Newark,  1644  ;  oon- 
dnctcd  Huccewful  operations  in  South  Wale^,  1645 ;  re- 
moved for  rigorous  treatment  of  Welsh,  but  created  a 
iwer,  1645  :  couimander  of  Charles  IV  bodyguard,  eMX>rt- 
ing  him  from  Wales  to  Oxford,  thence  to  Hereford,  and 
afterward)*  to  Chc«ter,  1646:  desperately  wounderl  at 
Itowton  Heath,  1645  ;  retirerl  with  the  king  to  Newark,  but 
waM  dixmirtHeil  his  service  for  a  disorderly  protest  against 
the  sui>eri*ession  of  Sir  Richard  Willis,  1645;  rejoined 
Charle>  nt  Oxford,  1646,  and  raised  a  troop  of  hone ;  went 
abroad  after  the  capitulation';  vice-admiral  of  the  fleet 
at  HelvoetslMys,  1648;  gentleman  of  the  bedchamber  to 
Charlei*  II,  1649:  served  under  Turenne  at  Arras,  1654  ; 
Intrigued  at  Paris  on  behalf  of  Henrietta  Maria,  and 
encouraged  designs  of  his  cousin,  John  Gerard  (1632-1654) 
[q.  v.] :  returned  with  Charles  II  from  Breda,  1660,  at  the 
head  of  the  life  guards ;  regained  his  estates  and  received 
a  pension  :  envoy  extraordinair  to  Paris,  1662 ;  supervised 
ilefeuces  of  Isle  of  Wight  and  Portsmouth  against  Dutch, 
1666-7;  created  Earl  of  Macclesfield,  1679;  dismissed 
from  the  bed-chamber  as  an  adherent  of  Monmouth,  1681 ; 
prewnteil  by  Gbteshire  grand  jury  as  disaffected,  1684 ;  fled 
to  the  continent,  1685 ;  commanded  William  Ill's  body- 
gtmnl,  1688 ;  privy  councillor  and  president  of  council  of 
Weloli  nmrches,  1689 ;  member  of  commission  to  inquire 
iuto  conduct  of  fleet  1690.  [xxi.  812] 

OERARD,  CHARLES,  xecond  Eakl  op  MAcrT.ER- 
PiKiJi  (1659  7-1701),  son  of  Charlc?  Gerard,  first  earl  of 
Mncolittfleld  [q.  v.] ;  M.P.,  Lancanhire,  1679,  1680-1.  and 
1688-94  :  committed  to  the  Tower  on  suspicion  of  treason, 
1683,  but  acquitted ;  again  arrested  as  adherent  of  Mon- 
mouth, convicted  of  complicity  in  Rye  ^louse  plot,  and 
seucencNil  to  death,  1685  ;  pardoned,  1687 ;  lord-lieutenant 
of  Lancashire,  1690,  of  North  Wales,  1696;  bail  for  Lord 
Mohun,  1698;  as  major-general,  1694,  succeeded  Talmash 
after  his  death  before  Bre^t :  envoy  extraordinary  to  Han- 
over, 1701 ;  buried  in  Westminster  Abbey.       [xxi.  817] 

OERARD,  Sir  GILBERT  (d.  1593),  judge :  barrister, 
Gray's  Inn,  1539;  joint-treasurer  of  Gray's  Inn,  1556; 
M.P.,  Wigan,  1553  and  1555, and  Stoning,  1554 ;  attomey- 
genernl,  1559;  drew  up  reforms  for  Irish  exchequer 
court,  1560 ;  counsel  to  Cambridge  University,  1561 ;  com- 
missioner for  sale  of  crown  lands,  1563 ;  member  of  eccle- 
siastical commission,  1567 ;  member  of  commission  /or 
trial  of  northern  rebels,  1570 ;  took  part  in  proeeoution  of 
Norfolk,  Northumt)erland,  and  others,  1571-8;  knighted, 
1579;  master  of  the  rolls,  1581;  M.P.,  I^ancaster,  1584: 
took  part  in  trials  of  Uomervyle,  1583,  I^rry,  1585,  and 
Sljelley,  1586,  for  conspiracy,  and  of  Anindd,  1589,  and 
i'errot,  1592 ;  chief  commissioner  of  the  great  seal,  1591-2. 

[xxi.  218], 

OERARD,  GILBERT  (1760-1815),  theological  writer ; 
son  of  Alexander  Gerard  (1728-1795)  [q.  v.]:  minister  of 
Boots  church,  Amsterdam ;  professor  of  Greek  at  King's 
Tolloge,  Aberdeen,  1791,  of  aivinity,  1795;  moderator  of 
generul  assembly,  1803;  *  Compendious  View  of  tlte  Evi- 
deno«8  of  Natural  and  Revealed  Rdigion,*  the  joint  work 
of  himself  and  his  father,  published  1828.        [xxi.  880] 

OERARD,  JAMES  GILBERT  (1795-1836),  Bengal 
surgeon;  son  of  Gilbert  Gerard  [q.  v.];  surgeon,  1828; 
aocompanial  his  brotlier  Alexander  (rerard  (1792-1839) 
[q.  v.]  in  Himalayan  journeys;  gave  great  scientific 
Hrii<ii*tAncc  to  expedition  of  Sir  Alexander  Bumes  [q.  v.]  to 
Boklmru.  1831,  but  dial  at  Subathoo  from  exhaustion. 

[xxi.  221] 

OERARD,  JOHN  (1645-1618),  herbalist ;  member  of 
court  of  assistants  of  Barber-Surgeons,  1695 ;  master, 
18  >7 ;  superintendent  of  Burghley's  gardens ;  the  list  of 
plants  in  hih  own  garden  (Holborn),  first  published  cata- 


logue, 1696  (eO.  B.  D.  Jackson,  1876);  his  'HerbaU'  (lf97; 
edited  by  T.  Johnson,  1633.  [xxL  821] 

OERARD,  JOHN  (1564-1637%  jeniit:  Imprisoasd  for 
attempt  to  leave  KngUnd  without  licence,  1689 :  jolmi 
Jesuits  at  Rome,  16H8 :  active  on  the  English  misrioo ;  b»> 
trayed  by  a  servant,  I  ni  prisoned  and  tortorad ;  eKqiri 
from  the  Tower,  1697 ;   gave   information  of  Watmli 
plot,  1603 ;  suspected  of  complicity  in  Onnpowder  plot; 
escaped  to  Rome,  1606;  rector  at  Louvain,  1609;  lot 
rector  at  Liege,  1614-22;  director  of    English  oolkR 
Rome,  1687-37;    his  narrative  of  the  (Gunpowder  ^ 
printed  in  Morris's  *Ck)udltion  of  the  Catbolici*  (18711 
and  Latin  autobiography  translated  by  G.  KiiigdoB,8X 
1881.  [xxL  Sfl] 


OERARD,  JOHN  (1638-1654),  royall«t  coloael : 
of  Charles  Gerard,  first  earl  of  Maooleaflekl  [q.  v.];  bt> 
headed  for  plot  to  kill  Cromwell  and  proclaim  Cbarki  XL 

[zxLSSS] 

OERARD,  >LARC.    [See  Ghkbraxrth.] 

OERARD,  PATRICK  (1794-1848X  geognqiUdi 
writer ;  son  of  Gilbert  Gerard  [q.  v.1  ;  served  in  Beopl 
army:  captain.  1888;  Invalideil,  1838:  dieil  at  Stea: 
contributed  meteorological  observations  to  *  Asiatk  B» 
searche^'  and  left  in  manuscript  (British  Mofna^ 
meteorological  journal,  1817-89.  [xxi.  04] 


OERARD.  RICHARD  (161S-1686X  royalist; 
In  the  Netherkinds,  1638-48;  escorted  Queen  HcBrietti 
Maria  from  the  Hague  to  Englanl ;  lieatenant-coloiiri  !■ 
royal  army,  1643 ;  at  second  battle  of  Newbury,  1M4: 
attended  Charles  I  at  Hurst  Castle,  and  carried  ktm 
between  him  and  the  queen  in  France.  [xxL  SM] 

OERARD,  OARRET,  or  OARRABD.  THOMAS 
(1600  7-1540).  divine :  M.A.  Corpus  Christi  CdOtgt,  (h- 
ford,  1584;  entered  Chrin  (ninrch,  Oxford;  DJ).  (km- 
bridge ;  distributed  Lutheran  books  and  Tyndale't  tii» 
lation  of  the  New  Testament ;  examined  and  foceei  li 
recant  before  the  bisliop^  of  London  and  Bath,  1528 ;  p» 
doned  and  employed  by  Wolsey ;  rector  of  All  HaOvn 
Honey  Lane,  and  chaplain  to  Cranmer,  1637:  barfiif 

E reached  at  Paul's  Cross,  1640,  in  answer  to  Oaniiixr.ini 
umt  at  Smithfield  for  heresy.  [xxL  XN] 

OERARD,  Sir  WILLIAM  (d.  1681X  lord  chuiedhr 
of  Ireland ;  cousin  of  Sb>  Gilbert  Gerard  [q.  v.] ;  buMa, 
Gray's  Inn,  1546  :  M.P.,  Preston,  1663,  and  (Chester,  Ifll* 
1578;  recorder  of  Chester,  1566-78;  Tice-prerideit  tf 
council  of  Wales,  1568 ;  lord  chancellor  of  Irdand,  IHI; 
knighted,  1677 ;  returned  to  England  and  became  wrtv 
of  requests,  1577 ;  active  nieiul>er  of  Irish  eocMMttf 
commiiM>ion  :  forwardel  to  Walsingham  an  hIstarioiltr» 
tise  on  Wales,  with  suggestions  for  reform.      [xzL  W] 

0ERARD8,  MARCUS.    [See  GHSKRAKirRi.] 

OERBISR,  Sm  BALTHAZAR  (1691  ?-1667).  ptMK 
architect,  and  courtier  ;  native  of  Middelbmg :  out  to 
England,  1616,  becoming  keeper  of  York  House  and  fli- 
lector  for  Buckingham  :  accompanied  BadktafhiB  to 
Spain,  1623,  and  Paris,  1686 ;  negotiateil  with  EcMi  *r 
a  peace  with  Spain,  1685-7  :  entered  service  of  Cbiikii 
and  was  knighted,  1628;  trusted  agent  ottbtVm* 
Brussels,  1631,  but  betnyed  for  money  his  negoCWM 
with  the  Flemish  nobles,  1633;  became  master  of  ^ 
ceremonies,  1641 ;  his  house  at  Betlinal  Greeo  attadri 
by  mob  as  supposed  asylum  for  papists,  1648:  rctirrito 
France,  1643;  returned  to  EngUnd  after  tbekingto^ 
oution  ;  engaged  in  mining  projects  at  Cayenne,  llit-i'! 
returned  to  England,  but,  being  unable  to  rsftitalh 
position  at  court,  turned  his  attention  to  architeeM*: 
a  miniature  by  him  of  Charies  I  preserved  at  Sootb  iM" 
sington.  [xxL  tff] 

OEREDIOIOV,  DANIEL  nu  o  (1793-1846)l  [» 
EVAN'S,  Daxikt*] 


E,  JOHN  (16017-1649),  pnritan  divine  :Xi.  i^ 
Magdalen  Hall.  f)xford,  1681 ;  as  incumbent  of  Tevto** 
bury  *  silenced '  for  nonconformity  (after  1684).  bat  w 
stored,  1641 :  rector  of  St  Albans,  1646-7 ;  praeher  tf 
St.  Faith's,  London,  1647  ;  advocated  right  of  thekfaW  * 
abolish  episcopacy  in  '  A  Case  of  Conscienoe  RooMi 
1646.  [xxLfll] 

OEREE,  STEPHEN  (1694-1666?),  paritan;  d*r 
brother  of  John  Geree  [q.  v.]  ;  B.A.  Magtlalen  HiHOir 
ford,  1615;  vicar  of  Wonersh,and,  r.l641,  rector  of  Abio(pv: 
published  theological  pamphleti.  [szt  tM] 


aCBMAIK 


489 


GIBBES 


W,  Ladt  ELIZABBTH,  'Lady  Bkttt* 
ians^ter  of  Cluurles,  accond  earl  of  Berkel^, 
ifeof  Sir  John  Oenxudn  [q.  v.],  who  left  her 
me,  indodin^  the  Arandel  cameos :  friend 
ooDg  dedicated  to  ber  bU  aixth  aatiro  on 

[xxi.  S80] 

W,  OSOROB  SAOKVILLE,  flrst  Viscount 
716-178ft>,  soldier  and  statesman  (known  as 
■  8ACKV1LLB  tiU  1770):  third  son  of  Uonel 
%  doke  of  Dorset  [q.  ▼.]  ;  educated  at  West- 
Trinity  College,  Dublin;  MA.,  1734;  as 
ooel  of  the  28th  foot  (1st  Gloucester)  di»- 
imself  at  Fontenoy,  1745,  where  he  was 
captured :  colonel  of  90th  foot  (1st  Lanca- 
\  174«,  of  13th  dragoons  (lancers),  1749,  and 
h  carabineent,  1760;  major-general,  1755; 
e  court  of  inquiry  into  oondnct  of  Sir  John 
Rocbefort,  1757 ;  lieutenant-general  of  the 
coloncJ,  2nd  dragoon  guards,  1757  ;  second 
if  St.  Halo  expedition,  1758 :  as  commander 
tingentwith  Prince  Ferdinand  neglected  to 
andry  in  pursuit  of  the  French  at  Minden, 
h  he  was  dismissed  the  service,  declared  by 
ial  unfit  to  serve  in  any  military  capacity, 
erased  from  the  privy  council,  1760  :  M.P., 
UHytbe,  1761-8.  Bast  Orinstead,  176S-82; 
T  to  the  viceroy  of  Ireland  (Dorset),  1751-6  ; 
itored  to  privy  council  by  George  III; 
B  of  Germain,  1770 :  fought  duel  with  Oap- 
e,  late  governor  of  Piensaoola ;  commlmioner 
.  iriantatious,  and  secretary  of  state  for 
-82 :  created  Viscount  SackviUe,  1782  :  ab- 
1  by  some  with  aothoniblp  of  *  Junius.' 

[xxL  2S1] 
r,  Sir  JOHN  (1650-1718X  soldier  of  for- 
I  son  of  William  II,  prince  of  Grange; 
(KTUIiam  III  to  England,  and  served  under 
Id  and  Flanders:  created  baronet,  1698: 
Mary  Mordaunt,  1701 :  inherited  from  her 
other  property  :  his  second  wife  was  Lady 
ley  [see  Gsrmaix,  Ladt  Blizabbtii]. 

[xxL  285] 
78  (378?-448X  bishop  of  Auxerre  and  mis- 
itain :  one  of  the  six  dukes  of  Gaul :  was 
a  cleric  by  Amator  of  Auxerre ;  succeeded 
bop,  418;  founded  monastery  on  the  Yonne ; 
s  went  to  Britain,  429,  and  overcame  Pela- 
.ation  at  Verulamium  (St.  Albans)  ;  said  to 
Britons  to  overcome  the  Picts  by  causing 
klldnia,  430 :  built  church  at  Auxerre  in 
ilban :  overcame  the  Pelagians  in  a  second 
1, 447 :  went  to  Ravenna  to  intercede  with 
other  for  the  Alans  against  the  Armoricans  ; 
was  buried  near  Auxeire.         [xxi.  236] 

U  JOSEPH  (1763-1796),  poUtical  reformer  ; 
Thristopber,  West  Indies ;  pupil  of  Samuel 
Stanmore,  and  his  lifelong  friend ;  went  to 
ivention  as  a  delegate  of  the  London  Gor- 
ciety,  1793 :  was  sentenced  by  Braxfield  to 
I*  transportation  for  sedition,  1794:  died 
ter  his  arrival  at  Botany  Bay.    [xxi.  338] 

OF     OAXTERBCRT     (GSRVASIUa      DORO- 

fC  1188X  chronicler;  became  a  monk  of 
I,  Canterbury,  1163,  and  sacrist,  1193 ;  en- 
ites  between  the  archbishop  of  Canterbury 
4  St.  Augustine's,  1179-83,  and  with  his  own 
16-91.  His  works,  edited  by  Bishop  Stubbs 
)79, 1880),  indode  an  account  of  the  burning 
-  of  the  cathedral  (1174).  a  history  of  the 
I  Canterbury  from  Augustine  to  Hubert, 
i,*  a  Canterbury  Chronicle  (1100-99),  and 
.*  which  after  his  death  was  continued  to 
value  for  the  early  years  of  John's  reign. 

[xxi.  239] 
OF  Crichertrr  (JI.  1170X  author  of  an 
mtary  on    Malachi;    disciple  of  Thomas 

[xxi.  340] 

OF  Tilbury  (/.  1211),  author  of  *Otia 
rooght  up  at  Rome ;  taught  law  at  Bologna, 
Us  being  Pignatdli ;  present  at  meeting  of 
Frederick  I  and  Pope  Alexander  III,  1177 ; 
nry,  son  of  Henry  II  of  England  :  high  in 
am  II  in  Sicily ;  made  marshal  of  Arte  by 


the  Emperor  Otto  IV,  to  whom  he  dedicated  bis  '  Otia  Im- 
perialia* ;  probably  died  in  England.  [zzL  241] 

I        GERYAT8,  JOHN  ((i.  1368).    [See  JOHN.] 

OETHIN,  GRACE,  Ladt  (1676-1697).  learned  lady ; 
daughter  of  Sir  George  Norton ;    married  Sir   Richard 
'  Gethin ;  buried  in  Westminster  Abbey.  [xxi.  242] 

I        GETHDrO,  RICHARD  (1585  ?-1652  ?),  calligrapher  ; 
pupil  of  John  Da  vies  of  Hereford  [q.  v.]  :  native  of  Here- 
j  fordshire ;  published  at  the  *  Hand  and  Pen,*  Fetter  Lane, 
'  a  copybook  (1616)  and 'Chirographia' (1645).  [xxL242] 


OST8IU8,  JOHN  DANIEL  (1592-1672X  divine  and 
tutor :  native  of  the  Palatinate ;  doctor  of  philosophy, 
Marburg,  1618;  B.A.  Cambridge:  taught  Hebrew  at 
Exeter  College,  Oxford,  and  was  incorporated  B.A.,  1628  ; 
vicar  of  Stoke  Gabriel,  1636,  where  he  took  pupils  ;  im- 
prisoned, 1643,  for  a  royalist  sermon  ;  published  a  Greek 
testament  lexicon,  with  other  works.  [xxi.  242] 

0HSERAEET8,    GEXRASST8,    or    GAR&ARD, 

MARCUS,  the  elder  (1510  ?-1690  ?),  painter  and  engraver ; 
native  of  Bruges,  where  he  designed  the  tomb  of  Charles 
the  Bold :  engraved  view  of  the  town,  now  among  the 
archives,  and  painted  the  *  Descent  from  the  Ooss  * ;  came 
to  England  as  a  protestant  refugee,  1568 ;  said  to  have 
died  in  Enghuid.  [xxL  243] 

GHEERAZRT8,  GHEERAZDT8,  0EE&AEBT8, 
GERABD8,  or  GARBAKD.  MARCUS,  the  younger 
(1561-1635X  painter  :  son  of  Marcus  Gheeraerts  the  elder 
[q.  v.] ;  accompanied  his  father  to  England :  among  his 
portraits  were  several  of  Elizabeth  and  Camden  ;  his 
'Conference  of  English  and  Spanish  Plenipotentiaries* 
bought  for  NaUonal  Portrait  Gallery,  1882:  published 
*  Handbook  to  Art  of  Drawing.*  [xxL  244] 

GHENT  or  GAUNT,  JOHN  of,  Dukk  of  Lancastkb 
(1340-1899X    [See  John  of  Gaunt.] 

GHENT,  SIMON  db  (d,  1316X  bishop  of  Salisbury ; 
archdeacon  of  Oxford,  1284 :  chancellor  of  the  univerai^, 
1290-3 :  bishop  of  Salisbury,  1297-1315  :  one  of  the  lords 
ordaiuers,  1310 ;  ardent  ecclesiastical  reformer :  resisted 
admission  of  papal  nominee  to  deanery  of  Salisbury :  pre- 
served his  right  of  tallage  against  the  dtixens :  wrote 
*Regnla  Anchoritarnm'  and  drew  up  *Statota  eccle- 
sUstica.'  [xxi.  245] 

GIB,  ADAM  (1714-1788),  Scots  anti-burgher  divine ; 
educated  at  Edinburgh:  joined  the  *  Associate  Presby- 
tery *  of  1735 ;  minister  of  secession  congregation,  Bristo 
Street,  Edinburgh,  1741;  captured  a  rebel  spy,  1745; 
leader  of  the  anti-burgher  synod,  1747  ;  when  dispossessed 
of  Bri«)to  Street  Church  ministered  in  one  built  for  him 
in  Nicholson  Street:  called*  Pope  Gib*:  published  *  Pro- 
ceedings of  the  Associate  Synod,*  1748.  [xxt  246] 

OIBB,  FREDERICK  (</.  1681 X  miscellaneous  writer : 
M.D.  Valence,  1661 :  wrote  occasionally  under  the  name 
of  Philalethes :  contributed  verses  to  a  volume  of  De  Thou 
167&  [xxi.  247] 

OIBB,  JOHN  (1776-1850X  civU  engineer  and  con- 
tractor: assisted  Rennie  in  construction  of  Greenock 
harbour :  repaired  Crinan  canal.  1817 ;  completed  Tel- 
ford's Glasgow  bridge.  [xxi.  247] 

GIBB,  ROBERT  (</.  1837),  landscape-painter:  an 
original A.R.SJL. ;  R.S.A.,  1839.  [xxL  347] 

GIBBE8,  CHARLES (1604-1681), divine:  M.A.  Mag- 
dalen Hall,  Oxford,  1638 ;  D.D.,  1663 ;  fellow  of  Merton 
College,  Oxford,  1634 ;  prebendary  of  Wells  ;  prebendary 
of  Westminster,  1663.  [xxL  347] 

GIBBES,  SIR  GEORGE  SMITH  (1771-1851).  phy- 
sician to  Bath  Hospital:  fellow  of  Magdalen  College, 
Oxford  :  B.A.,  1793 :  M.D.,  1799 ;  F.R.C.P.,  1804 ;  Har- 
veian  orator,  1817:  physician  to  Bath  Hospital,  1804; 
knighted,  1830:  F.R.S.  and  F.L.&  His  works  Include 
treatises  on  the  Bath  waters.  [xxL  248] 

GIBBE8  or  GHIBBE8,  JAM^  ALBAN  (1611-1677), 
Latin  poet ;  stodied  under  Vesling  at  Padua ;  from  1644 
practised  as  a  physician  at  Rome  :  enjoyed  favour  of  four 
successive  popes  :  dedicated  to  Clement  IX  his  *  Carmi- 
num  Pars  Lyrica  ad  exemplum  Q.  Horatil  Flacci,*  1668 ; 
sent  to  Oxford  a  gold  chain  and  medal  attached  to  his 
diploma  of  poet  laureate  from  the  Emperor  Leopold  I, 
1667;  created  M.D.  Oxford,  1671,  aa  *the  Horace  of  his 
age.*  [xxL  248] 


GIBBON 


490 


GIBBS 


OIBBOK,  BENJAMIN  PHELPS  (180S-1851),  Hne- 
eugntTer :  executed  engraTingt  after  LuidBeer  and  Mul- 
ready's '  Wolf  and  Lamb.'  [ xxi.  S49] 

GIBBOK,  0HARLB3  {ft.  1689-1604X  author;  puD- 
lisbed  fix  works.  Including  *The  Order  of  BguallUe* 
(1004),  an  appeal  for  proportional  equalisation  of  the  in- 
cidence of  taxation.  [xxi.  S60] 

GIBBON,  CHARLES (1843-1890X  novelist;  journalist 
at  Glasgow,  e.  1860;  published  about  Uiirty  novels; 
edited  '  Casquet  of  Literature,'  1873-4.     [SuppL  iL  274] 

GIBBON,  EDWARD  (1737-1794X  historian;  edu- 
cated at  Westminster ;  owed  his  taste  for  books  to  his 
aunt,  Oatberine  Porten  ;  spent  fourteen  *  unprofitable ' 
months  at  Magdalen  Oollege,  Oxford,  1763-S ;  became  a 
Romanist  after  reading  Middleton's  *Free  Inquiry*  and 
works  by  Bossuet  and  Pardons,  1768 ;  at  Lausanne  (1753-8), 
where  his  tutor,  Pavillard.  drew  him  back  to  protestant- 
ism, and  where  he  made  friends  with  Dey venlun  and  read 
widely ;  became  attached  to  Susanne  Onrchod  (afterwards 
Madame  NeckerX  but  in  deference  to  his  father  broke  off 
the  engagement,  1757 ;  published  *&8ai  siir  l*Etade  de  la 
Littdrature,'  1761  (English  version,  1764);  served  in 
Hampshire  militia,  1759-70,  and  studied  military  litera- 
ture ;  at  Lausanne  met  Holroyd  (afterwards  Lord  Shef- 
field): during  a  tour  in  Italy,  1764-5,  formed  plan  of 
hie  *  Histoiy  *  amid  the  ruins  of  the  Capitol ;  with  Dey  ver- 
dun  published  *M6moires  Litt^raires  de  la  Orande-Bre- 
tagne,*  1767-8,  contributing  a  review  of  Lyttelton's 
'Henry  II';  issued  *  Critical  Observations  on  the  Sixth 
Book  of  the  ^neid,'  attacking  Warhurton,  1770  ;  settled 
in  London,  1773 ;  joined  Dr.  Johnson's  Club,  1774 ;  be- 
came professor  in  ancient  history  at  the  Royal  Academe 
in  succession  to  (Goldsmith;  M.P.,  Liskeard,  1774-80, 
Lymington,  1781-3 :  drew  up  a  state  p^)er  against  France, 
and  was  commissioner  of  tnde  and  plantations,  1779-82 ; 
issued  in  1776  the  first  volume  of  his  *  Decline  and  Fall 
of  the  Roman  Empire,*  which  passed  into  three  editions, 
and  obtained  the  favourable  verdict  of  Hume,  Robertson, 
Warton,  and  Walpole  ;  defended  the  chapters  on  growth 
of  Christianity  in  his  '  Vhidioation,*  1779:  issued  the 
second  and  third  volumes,  1781,  after  a  visit  to  Paris, 
where  he  met  Buffon  and  disputed  with  De  Mably ;  re- 
tired with  Deyverdun  to  Lausanne,  1783,  where  he 
finished  the  work,  1787  (published,  1788);  returned  to 
England,  1793 ;  died  suddenly  in  London ;  a  Latin  epi- 
taph written  for  his  monument  at  Fletching,  Sussex,  by 
Dr.  Samuel  Parr  [q.  v.]  His*  Miscellaneous  Works  '  (edited 
by  his  friend  Lord  Sheffield,  1796)  contained  an  auto- 
biographical memoir,  and  *  Antiquities  of  the  House  of 
Brunswick'  (1814).  [xxL  860] 

GIBBOK,  JOHN  n689-1718X  writer  on  heraldry ;  edu- 
cated at  Merchant  Taylors'  uod  Jesus  College,  Cam- 
bridge :  travelled  in  Europe  and  America,  where  he  row 
Indian  aborigines,  whose  war-paint  he  took  as  a  proof  of 
the  universality  of  heraldry ;  created  Blue  Mantle,  1671 ; 
chief  work,  *  Introductio  ad  Latinam  Blasoniam,'  1682 ; 
his  'Heraldo-Memoriale'  published  in  Strype's  edition  of 
Stow's '  Survey,'  1720.  [xxL  256] 

GIBBOK  or  GIBBONS,  NICHOLAS,  the  elder  (A 
1600),  theological  writer;  M.A.  CHare  College,  Cambridge, 
1S93:  incorporated  at  Oxford,  1592;  published  *  Ques- 
tions and  Disputations  concerning  the  Holy  Scripture,' 
1601.  [xxi.  267] 

GIBBON,  NICHOLAS,  the  younger  (1606-1697), 
divine ;  eion  of  Nicholas  Gibbon  the  elder  [q.  v.]  ;  M.A.  St. 
Edmund  Hall,  Oxford,  1629 ;  D.D.,  1639 :  rector  of  Seven- 
oaks,  1632-50;  consulted  by  (Charles  I  at  Carisbrooke, 
1647;  worked  as  farm  labourer  during  the  Common- 
wealth; rector  of  Corfe  Oastie,  1660-97;  published  *A 
Somme  or  Body  of  Divinity  Real  *  (1663),  with  a  key. 

[xxL  267] 

GIBBONS.   [See  also  Gibbon.] 

GIBBONS,  CHRISTOPHER  (1616-1676X  organist; 
elder  son  of  Orlando  Gibbons  [q.  v.]  ;  educated  in  Exeter 
choir ;  organist  of  Winchester  Cathedral,  1638-61 ;  at 
Restoration  appointed  to  CJhapd  Royal,  to  Westminster 
Abbey,  %vA  court  organist ;  Mus.  Doc  Oxford,  1668 ;  con- 
tributed to  *  Cantica  Sacra,'  1674 ;  collaborated  with  Look 
in  music  to  Shirley's '  Cupid  and  Death,'  1663.  [xxL  268] 

GIBBONS,  EDWARD  (1670?-1653?X  organist; 
brother  of  Orlando  Gibt)ons  [q.  v.] ;  Mus.  Bac.  Cambridge 
and  Oxford;   organist  at   King's   (College,  Cambridge, 


1692-9  :  afterwards  at  Bristol  Cathedral,  and  (1611-44)  at 
Exeter  Cathedral ;  his  manuscript  oompoeitiais  pre- 
served in  Music  School,  OxfcmL  [zzi  259] 

GIBBONS,  ELLIS  {Jl.  I600X  musical  composer  ; 
brother  of  Edward  Gibbous  [q.  v.]  ;  probably  orgsnntst 
Salisbury ;  compo-^ed  madrigals  in  *  Triumphs  of  Oiteos.' 
1603.  Lxxi.2t9] 

GIBBONS,  GRIKLINO  (1648-1720X  wood-carrer  anl 
statuary;  bom  at  Rotterdam:  diaoovered  by  Jobs 
Evelyn  [q.  v.]  in  1671  working  at  Deptford  at  his  o>r?1ig 
of  Tintoretto's  '  Crucifixion,*  which  was  shown  to  Wrb 
and  Pepys,  and  afterwards  to  the  royal  ftunily :  emplofBi 
by  Wren  to  carve  stalls  in  St.  Paul's  and  new  Londoo 
churches ;  employed  in  library  of  Trinity  College,  Osb> 
bridge,  and  by  the  king  at  Windsor,  Whitehall,  snd  K» 
sington ;  carved  the  throne  in  C^anterfonry  OstiMhil; 
executed  statues  of  Charies  II  at  the  Royal  BxdMmge 
and  Chelsea,  and  of  James  II  at  WhitdiaU ;  boried  is 
St.  Paul's,  Covent  Garden;  his  portrait  painted  l^ 
Kneller.  [xxL2M] 

GIBBONS,  JOHN  (1544-1589),  Jesuit:  doctor  of 
philosophy  and  divinity  at  German  (College,  Rome,  1(71 ; 
rector  of  Jesuit  college,  Treves :  died  at  Himmdrak: 
his  *  (3oncertat{o  Ecclesiie  OatholicsB  in  Anglia,  advenin 
Calvino-Papistas  et  Puritanos*  (1683),enlugel  by  Jobs 
!  Bridgewater  [q.  v.]  [xxL  2(1] 

GIBBONS,  ORLANDO  ( 1683-1625X  musical  composer 
'  entered  choir  of  King's  (College,  Cambridge,  169^  to 
which  he  composed  music :  Mus.  Bac  Cambridge.  iM; 
Mus.  Doc.  Oxford,  1622 :  organist  of  (Thapel  IUma,lAM: 
composed  music  for  the  reception  <rf  ()oeen  Hcnrietii 
Maria  at  Canterbury;  buried  in  (Janterfoozj  Oatbednl; 
contributed  the  remarkable  fantasia  *  The  Lord  of  Sab- 
bury  his  Pavin,'  to  Byrd  and  BuU's  *Parthenia*  (1(11): 
published  'First  Set  of  Madrigals  and  Mottets'  (1(UX 
containing  *The  Silver  Swan,'  and  other  masterpieoa: 
composed  also  settings  of  (Seorge  Witber's  *  Hymns  aod 
Songs  of  the  Church,*  1623,  and  instrumental  *  Fantsdeiflf 
Three  Parts.'  His  sacred  compositions,  including  eenkei 
in  F  and  D  minoir,  *  preces,*  and  many  anthems  for  tfKaA 
occasions,  were  edited  by  Sir  F.  A.  Cktre  Onsdqr  [q.  ▼•]• 
1873.  [xxL  Kl] 

GIBBONS,  RICHARD  (1650  ?-1682),  Jesuit :  yoaoKcr 
brother  of  John  Gibbons  [q.  v.] ;  taught  matiteDstkf, 
philosophy,  Hebrew,  and  canon  law  in  several  contioei^ 
countries ;  died  at  Douay ;  edited  Harpsfldd*B  *HlMori> 
Anglicana  Ecclesiastica,'  1 622,  and  translated  BelUrmiBe^^ 
*  Christian  Doctrine,*  and  other  works  from  ItsliiB, 
Spanish,  and  Portuguese.  [xri.  SM] 

GIBBONS,  THOMAS  (1720-17851  dissenting  miiurter 
and  author ;  independent  minister  of  Haberdasbers*  H«Oi 
1743 :  tutor  of  Mile  End  academy,  1764 ;  D.D.  AbodKS, 
1764;  M.A.  New  Jersey,  1760;  published  ^llemoin  ol 
Rev.  J.  Watts,  DJ).*  (1780X  also  hymns  and  dentiooil 
verses.  [xxi.161] 

GIBBONS,  WILLIAM  (1649-1728),  nhysidsa:  «f 
Merchant  Taylors*  School ;  B.A.  St.  John's  (j(>IleKe,OxfD(d. 
1672;  M.D.,  1683;  F.R.C.P.,  1692,  and  censor,  IHC 
ridiculed  by  Ghirth  as  Mirmillo ;  benefactor  of  Wdnr 
hampton  ;  said  to  have  made  miUiogany  fashiODaUa 

[xxLW] 

GIBBS,  Mas.  (/.  1783-1844X  actress ;  appeaxelitthe 
Haymarket  as  Sally  in  (dolman's  ^Man  and  Wife,' ITS; 
mimied  the  younger  George  Colman  [q.  v.],  in  ^^ 
plays  she  acted,  1797-1803.  Her  other  parts  indoln 
Catherine,  Miss  Hardca.stle,  and  Mrs.  Candour. 

[xxLJttj 

GIBBS,  Mrs.  (1804-1854).    [See  Graddox,  Misk.] 

GIBBS,  JAMES  (cf.  1724X  physician  and  poet:  pot^- 
lished  metrical  version  of  Psalms  L-xv.,  1701,  and  0*7 
on  cure  of  scrofula.  [xxi.  S66j 

GIBBS,  JAMES  (1682-1 754),  architect:  ^ 
Marischal  College,  Aberdeen;  studied  under  Foetsos* 
Rome;  designed  St  Mary-le-Strand,  St.  Peter's,  >« 
Street,  and  St.  Martin-in-the-Fielda,  part  of  the  Seni» 
House  and  of  King's  CoU^e,  (^mbridge ;  the  monaiB(n» 
of  Ben  Jonson,  Prior,  and  Newcastle  in  Westmitf^ 
Abbey:  the  quadrangle  of  St.  Bartholomew's  Hofpfw* 
and  the  RadcliiTe  Library,  Oxford;  published  'ABw 
of  Architecture,'  1728.  and  *Rule$  for  Drawing  tbi 
several  Parts  of  Architecture,*  1732,  and  traiw>^ 
Fonaeca's  *  De  Rebus  Bmanuelis,'  1762.  [xxL  M^l 


i 


t 


491 


aiBSOK 


H  (1700  ?-1788>,  organist  of  St  M»ry- 
:  composed  *  Eight  Solos  for  a  VtoUn, 
lAM  for  the  Haipsichord  *  (1740  ?). 

[XZLS68] 
[P(>f.  1740).  dlasenting  minister  and 
t-pnrtorat  Hackney,  1799;  anitarian, 
tn  Historical  Acootmt  of  Compendtom 

*  1736,  and  '  Basay  towards  a  further 
lort^Hand,*  I7S6.  [xxL  S68] 

>AXUEL  (d.  1816),  major-general; 
.  178S:  commanded  the  11th  in  Went 
th  foot  at  Oape,  180»-«,and  in  Travan- 
gaisbed  himself  in  the  Java  expedition, 
kl,  181S,  in  Holland :  mortally  wounded 
16 ;  K.O.a,  1816.  [xxi.  369] 

ICARY  (1761-1890X  judge ;  educated 
uted  to  *  Muse  Btonenaea  * ;  fellow  ; 
ire,  Oambridge,  1778;  Graven  scholar, 
ncoln's  Ina,  178S;  recorder  of  Bristc^ 
Akine  in  defence  of  Thomas  Hardy 
Dooke  [q.  y.]«  1794,  and  was  highly  oom- 
ttorn^-general.  Sir  John  Soott  [q.  ▼.]« 
s,  and  chief-justice  of  Ohester,  1804; 
06-« ;  knighted,  1806 :  M  J»^  Great  Bed- 
Oambridge  UniTersity,  1807 ;  attorney- 
ierjeant-at-law  and  fudge  Ot  common 
bief-baron  and  privy  coundllor,  181S : 
omon  pleas,  1814-18 ;  called  *  Vinegar 
ons  ex-ofBcio  informations  noticed  in 

[xxL  270] 

LEXANDER,  Lord  Durir  (d,  1644% 
:.A.  Edinburgh,  1688;  third  derk  of 
of  session  as  Lord  Doric,  16S1 ;  created 
otia,  1698 :  commissioner  for  revievrlng 
oms,  1633;  member  of  committee  <rf 
e  president  of  College  of  Justice  :  story 
pped  by  Traqoair  subject  of  Scott's 
*Lord  I>urie*s  Piacticks'  (1690),  the 
f  Sootti;}h  legal  decisions,   [xxi.  371] 

lLBXANDER,  Lord  Durir  (d.  1666X 
Q  of  Sir  Alexander  Gibson  (d.  1644) 
session,  1631;  oppooied  ecclesiastical 
,  commissary-general  of  foroc»  against 
ightei,  1641 ;  lord  clerk  register,  1641 ; 
e  exchequer,  1646  ;  lord  of  session  as 

[xxi.  878] 

LEXANDER  (d.  1693),  principal  clerk 
to  Scottish  privy  council ;  grandson 
ibson  (d.  1644)  [q.  v.],  whose  '  Prac- 
ilghtol,  1688.  [xxi.  878] 

CANDER (1800-1867),  botanist;  M.D. 
n  to  East  India  Ck>mpany ;  snperin- 
otanical  gardens,  1838-47  ;  oonserva- 
4t<s  1847-60  :  F.L.8.,  1863  ;  published 
''orest  Reports,'  1849-66,  and  '  Bombay 

[xxL  378] 

SIAXDER  CRAIO  (1813-1874),  CJum- 
:  M.R,C.a,  1846:  published  *Tl»e  Old 
nd  RambllDtri^  ruiuid  Coniston,'  1849, 
eh  of  Cumberland,*  1869.    [xxi.  273] 

riD  COOKE  (1887-1866),  painter; 
irgh,  London,  Belgium,  and  Paris ; 
nd  wrote  humorous  verse;  exhibited 
Royal  Academy,  1866-6.    [xxU  873] 

7ND  (1669-1748),  bishop  of  London; 
Oibwni  (1647-1783)  [q.  v.]  ;  fellow  of 
cford,  1694 ;  M.A.,  1694 ;  chapbiin  to 
I  and  lihntrian  at  Lambeth,  where  he 
ue  of  library :  combated  Atterbury's 
in  ;  archdeacon  of  Surrey,  1710 ;  bi^liop 
;  bishop  of  London,  1720-18;  used  his 
orge  1  against  mai>qu€'rades :  was 
.ical  adviser  till  his  oppo->itiou  to  the 
ill,    1736 ;    declined    primacy,     1747 ; 

•  works,  including  an  wlition  of  the 
698),  a  translation  of  Caniden'ii  *  Bri- 
liqniA  SpelmanniansB '  (1698),  *  Syno- 
ds), *  Codex  Juris  Ecdesise  Anglicanie* 

[xxi.  274] 


OIB80K,  EDWARD  ( 1668-1 7olX  portrait-painter: 
nephew  of  WUIiamGibeon  (1644-1708)  [q.  v.]  ;  excelled  in 
crayon  work.  [xxL  876] 

GZB8OV2FRANOIS  (1763-1806),  author ;  coUeotor  of 
onatomsat  Whitby,  1787;  published  'Sailing  Diractioos 
for  the  Baltic,'  1791,  and  *  StreanshaU  Abbey  '  (phiy),  1800. 

[xxL  876] 

OIB80K,  GEORGE  8TACBY  (1818-1888),  botanist ; 
quaker  banter  and  benefactor  of  Saffron  Walden  ;  F.R.S., 
1847 ;  paUished  *  Flora  of  Braex,*  1868 ;  contributed  to 
*  Phytologist,'  1848-61,  adding  six  new  species  to  British 
flora.  [xxi.  876] 

GZB80K,  JAMES  (1799-1871),  Free  church  polemic  ; 
edited  *■  Ohoroh  of  Scotland  Magazine,'  1834-7 ;  incumbent 
of  Kingston,  1839-43 :  joined  Free  church.  1843 ;  pro- 
fessor of  theology  and  church  history  at  Glasgow 
Theological  College,  1866 :  pnbUshed  theological  treatises. 

[xxi.  876] 

OIBSOK,  Sir  JAMES  BROWN  (1806-1868),  phy- 
sidan :  M  J).  Edinburgh  ;  served  in  (Mmea  ;  director 
general  of  army  medical  dqiartment,  1860-7  ;  K.C.B., 
1866 ;  died  at  Rome.  [xxL  877] 

OIBSOK,  JAMES  YOUNG  (1886-1886),  trant^lator 
from  the  Spanish  ^  studied  at  Edinburgh  and  Halle ;  con- 
tributed some  poeUcal  renderings  to  Duffleld's  version  of 
'Don  Quixote,^1881 ;  transited  also  (^ervantes's  '  Viageal 
FRmaso,*  1883,  and  *  Numantia,*  1886.  [xxL  877] 

OIBSOV,  Sir  JOHN  (1637-1717X  oolond ;  in  Dutch 
service,  1676-88;  lieutenant-colonel  in  English  army, 
1689 ;  oolond,  1694  :  lieutenant-governor  of  Portsmouth, 
1689;  M.P.,  Portsmouth,  1701-3;  commander  of  force 
sent  to  oaptoro  Newfoundland,  1697  ;  knighted,  1706. 

[xxL  878] 

0IB80H,  JOHN  (d.  1868),  portrait-painter ;  exhibited 
at  West  of  Scotland  Academy,  where  a  fatal  aoddent 
caused  his  death.  [xxL  878] 

OIBSOK,  JOHN  (1794-1864X  glass-stainer ;  sheriff  of 
NewoBStle,  1864.  [xxi.  878] 

OIBSOH,  JOHN  (1790>1866X  sculptor;  of  humble 
parentage ;  while  at  liverpool  attracted  the  attention  ai 
William  Roecoe  [q.  v.]  ;  lived  at  Rome,  and  received  in- 
struction from  C^nova  and  Thorwakisen,  1817 ;  his  first 
commission,  the  Chataworth  *  Mars  and  Cupid,*  foDowed 
by  *  Psyche  and  Zephyrs,'  'Sleeping  Shepherd  Boy.' '  Hylas 
and  the  Nymphs,'  1819-86,  '(5opid  disgnisod  as  a 
Shepherd,'  1837,  and  other  works ;  RJL.,  1838 ;  daring 
visit  to  England  (1844)  publicly  entertained  at  GbuHfow, 
and  received  commission  for  bust  of  Qpeea  Victoria,  his 
first  tinted  work ;  modelled  statue  of  Queen  Victoria  for 
Houses  of  Parliament,  1860-6,  which,  with  his 'Tinted 
Venus  *  and  'Pandora*  and  *  Cupid'  (all  coloured  X  were 
seen  at  the  International  Bxhibiti<m,  1868 ;  executed  Uiree 
statues  of  HuskisMin,  and  one  of  Sir  Robert  Peel  in  West- 
minster Abbey ;  the  last  of  the  purist  or  abstract  school 
of  sculptors;  bequeathed  his  property  to  the  Royal 
Academy.  [xxi.  878] 

OIBSOK,  JOHN  (1817-1898),  architect ;  articled  to 
Joseph  Aloysins  Hansom  [q.  v.],  and  (Sir)  Charles  Barry 
[q.  v.]  :  successful  in  competition  for  National  Bank  of 
Scotiand, Glasgow,  1844,  and  carried  out  work ;  A.R.I.B.A., 
1849;  F.R.LB.A.,  1863.  His  works— chiefly  country 
houses  and  banks— include  the  head  ofBcesii  and  numerous 
branches  of  the  National  Provincial  Bank  of  England. 

[SuppL  ii.  274] 

OIBSOK,  KENNBT(1780-1772Xantiquarv;  educated 
at  Eton ;  B.A.  Christ's  CoUe^rc,  Cambridge,  1768 ;  rector 
of  Marham,  Nortbumptonsbire ;  his  'Comment  on  part  of 
the  Fifth  Journey  of  Autouiuua  through  Britain,'  printed 
by  Nichob«,  1800.  [xxL  881] 

OIBSOK,  MATHEW  (d.  1741  ?),  antiquary ;  B.A. 
Queen's  College,  Oxford,  1700;  rector  of  Abbey  Dore. 
1788-41 ;  published  'View  of  Ancieut  and  I»n«eut  State 
of  the  Churches  of  Door,  Home-Lacy,  and  Hempst«d, 
1737,'  with  memoirs  of  Scu<lftmore  family.       [xxL  881] 

OIBSOK,  MATTHEW  (17S4-1790X  Roman  catboUc 
prdate;  professor  at  Donay;  vicar-Keiicral  to  Bishop 
Walton,  1776 ;  vicar-apostolic  of  Northern  Enghmd,  1780 ; 
joined  in  issuinsr  'Protestation  oath'  encyclical,  1789; 
Avith  Thomas  E>'rc  (174K-1810)  [q.  v.]  published  'The 
London,  or  LitUe  Catechism,'  1784.  [xxL  981] 


GIBSON 


492 


GIFFARD 


OIBSOir,  PATRICK  n78S?-l8S9X  landwape-palDtpr 
and  \iTiter :  exhibited  at  Royal  Academy,  1805-7,  aud  at 
several  Edinburgh  galleriea  :  foaudation  member  of  Scot- 
tiBh  Academy,  1826;  professor  of  painting  at  Dollar 
Academy,  1824-9 ;  his  *  Landscape  Oomposition  *  preserved 
In  Scottish  National  Gallery,  and  portrait  of  himself 
(water-coloor)  In  the  Portrait  GkiUery:  published  'Etch- 
ings of  Select  Views  In  Edinburgh,*  1818  :  contributed  to 
Brewster's  '  Edinburgh  Bncydopeadla.*  [xxL  282] 

6IB80K,  RICHARD  (1616-1690X  dwarf  and  minia- 
ture-painter:  page  to  Charles  I  and  Henrietta  Maria: 
executed  several  portraits  of  Oromwdl  and  many  minia- 
tures; his  marriage  to  Anne  Shepherd,  also  a  dwarf, 
commemorated  by  Waller ;  portrait  of  lilm  and  his  wife 
painted  by  Lely.  [xxL  283] 

OIB80K,  SOLOMON  (d.  18«6),  sculptor  :  brother  of 
John  Gibson  (1790-1866)  [q.  v.]  :  best  known  for  his  small 
Mercury  modelled  at  sixteen ;  wrote  papers  on  Welsh 
literature ;  died  at  Paris.  [xxL  S83] 

GIB80K,  SUSAN  PENELOPE  (166S-I700),  minia- 
turist ;  daughter  of  Richard  Gibson  [q.  v.]     [xxi  283] 

GIBSON,  THOMAS  (</.  1662),  printer,  medical  prac- 
titioner, and  author ;  noted  for  extraordinary  cures ;  re- 
commended by  Latimer  to  Cromwell,  1587  ;  fled  to  Gkneva 
in  reign  of  Mary ;  licensed  by  Cambridge  University  to 

Eractlse  physic,  1559 ;  printed  in  London  his  own  books, 
idading  a  New   Testament   concordance  (1535),  and 
several  medical  and  anti-papal  workt^.  [xxi.  284] 

GIBBON,  THOMAS  (1647-17S2X  physician;  M.D. 
L^en,  1676 :  physician-general  to  the  army,  1718-19 : 
published  *  Anatomy  of  Humane  Bodies  epitomized,'  1682. 

[xxi.  284] 

GIBBON,  THOMAS  (1680  7-1761),  portrait-painter  : 
friend  of  Vertue;  painted  portraits  of  Vertne,  Locke, 
Flamsteed,  and  Archbishop  Wake  [xxi.  284] 

GIBBON,  THOMAS  MTLNER-  (1806-1884),  states- 
man;  at  school  with  Disraeli  at  Higham  Hill,  Ensex, 
afterwards  at  Charterhouse ;  B.A.  and  thirty-sixth 
wrangler.  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  1880  ;  conservative 
M.P.  for  Ipswich,  1837-9;  resigned  on  change  of  views  : 
active  member  and  speaker  of  Anti-Comlaw  League: 
liberal  M.P.,  Manchester,  1841 ;  vice-president  of  board  of 
trade,  1846-8 ;  privy  councillor,  1846 ;  seconded  Cobdeii's 
vote  of  censure  on  Palmerston's  Chinese  policy,  1857 ; 
M.P.  for  Ashton-under-Lyne,  1857-68 ;  carried  motion  to 
amend  law  of  conspiracy,  which  caused  Palmeniton's  re- 
signation, 1868 ;  president  of  the  board  of  trade  in  Pal- 
merston's last  ministry,  1859-65,  and  under  Lord  Russell, 
1866-6 ;  active  promoter  of  the  commercial  treaty  with 
France,  and  the  abolition  of  the  newspaper  stamp,  adver- 
tisement, and  paper  duties  ;  received  a  pension  of  2,000/. 
on  retirement ;  died  on  hlfl  yacht  off  Algiers,  [xxi.  285] 

GIBBON,  WU^IAM  (Jl.  1510),  lord  of  session ;  gra- 
duated at  Glasgow,  1607  :  dean  of  Kestalrig ;  lord  of  i^es- 
sion,  1532 ;  employed  on  embassies  to  the  pope,  who  be- 
stowed on  him  armorial  bearings  ;  suffragan  to  Cardinal 
Beaton  and  *  Cuetos  Eccleslse  Scoticae,*  1540. 

[xxi.  286] 

GIBBON,  WILLIAM  (1629-1684),  quaker;  served  at 
one  time  in  parliamentarian  army  ;  frequently  imprisoned 
for  preaching  and  refusing  oaths,  1664-61 ;  his  goods  dis- 
trained for  non-payment  of  Uthe,  1676-7 ;  published  theo- 
logical treatises.  [xxi.  287] 

GIBBON,  W^ILLIAM  (1644-1702),  miniatore-painter : 
nephew  of  Richard  G  ibrau  [q.  v.]  ;  pupil  and  copyist  of 
Lely.  [xxi.  288] 

GIBBON,  WILLIAM  (1720-1791),  mathematician; 
while  working  as  a  farmer  taught  himself  reading,  writ- 
ing, geometry,  algebra,  and  trigonometry,  and  acquired  a 
knowledge  of  higher  mathematics ;  land-surveyor. 

[xxi.  288] 

GIBBON.  WILLIAM  (1738-1821),  Roman  catholic 
prelate ;  brother  of  Matthew  Gibeon  (1734-1790)  [q.  v.]  ; 
president  of  Douay  College,  1781-90 ;  vicar-apostolic  of 
northern  England,  1790 ;  founded  Ushaw  College. 

[xxi.  288] 

GIBBON,  WILLIAM (1808-1867X  presbyterian  divine : 
established  *  Banner  of  Ulster,'  1842 ;  moderator  of  general 
asfembly,  1869 ;  author  of  *  The  Year  of  Grace,  a  History 
of  the  Ulster  Revival  of  1869 '  [xxi.  289] 


GIBBON,  WILLIAM  SIDNBY  (1814-1871X  antiMr; 
barrister,  Lincoln's  Inn,  1843  ;  registrar  of  the  Ne«csrtle. 
upon-Tyne  district  court  of  baakmptcy,  1843-69 :  pubtiihed 
works,  including  *  History  of  Tyuemoatb  Monattory,'  MM- 
1847,  *  Descriptive  and  Historical  Notices  ot  Northmnbraa 
Antiqnitiea,*  1848-54,  *  Memoir  of  Northumberland,'  UN, 
and  *  Memoir  of  Lord  Lyndhnnt,*  1866.  [xxL  »] 

GIDDT,  DATIES  (1767-1839).    [See  GiLBFitT.] 

GIDBON,  SAMPSON  (169»-1762>,  Jewish  floascier: 
of  Portuguese  extraction;  oonsolted  by  Walpole  ud 
Pelham :  raised  1,700,0002.  for  govemmeot.  1745 ;  adriied 
and  executed  consolidation  of  National  Debt,  1749 ;  pul 
bounties  for  recruiting,  1766,  and  raiaed  several  gOTen- 
ment  loans  during  seven  years'  war ;  his  son  crested  t 
baronet  and  Baron  Bardley  in  peerage  of  Irdand.  [See 
Eardley,  Sir  CuLLUfo  Bardlet.]  [xxL  289] 

GOTABD.    [See  also  Gvford.] 

GOTABD,  Sir  AMBROSE  HARDINGE  (1771-18t7). 
ohief-justioe  of  Ceylon,  1819-27 ;  barrister.  Inner  Tempfe. 

[xxi.  »0] 

GUTABD,  BONAYENTURE  (1642-1734X  Romu 
catholic  bishop ;  D  JD.  from  the  Sorbonne,  1677  :  chaplain 
to  James  11;  first  vicar-apostollo  of  midland  district, 
1688;  bishop  of  Madanra,  in  partibtu,  1688;  made  1^ 
James  II  president  of  Magdalen  College,  Oxford ;  instaDed 
by  proxy,  31  March  1688 ;  ejected,  on  the  restontioD  of 
his  predecessor,  J<^n  Hough,  26  Oct.  1688 ;  imprlsooed  io 
Newgate  at  the  Revolution;  transferred  to  Loudoo  d» 
trict  on  liberation:  had  also  western  district,  1708-11: 
In  constant  danger;  bequeathed  Jiis  heart  to  Doomj 
College.  [xxi.  291] 

GOTARD,  Sir  GEORGE  MARKHAM  (1813-187DJI 
lord  justice  of  appeal ;  educated  at  Winchester  and  New 
CoUege,  Oxford;  feUow,  1832;  B.O.L.,  1841;  barriitff, 
Inner  Temple,  1840 ;  leading  chancery  jmiior ;  Q.CU  1819: 
lord  justice  of  appeal,  1868-70 :  privy  ooandllor,  186& 

[xxi.  2W] 

GIF7ARD,  GODFREY  (I28i?-1302X  chancellor  of 
England  and  bishop  of  Worcester;  younger  hrotlierof 
Walter  Giffard  [q.  v.]  ;  archdeacon  of  Bamstajde,  IXi, 
and  York,  1267,  thongh  a  deacon ;  chancellor  of  Engiud, 
1266-70;  bishop  of  Worcester,  1268-1902;  treated  witli 
IJewelyn,  1272 ;  went  to  meet  Edward  I  on  his  retom  from 
the  Holy  Land,  1273;  justice  itinerant,  1278;  negotiatid 
with  the  Scots,  1289 ;  involved  in  constant  dispatei  vitb 
chapter  of  Worcester ;  a  t)enefactor  of  the  cathedral 

[xxi.  598] 

GIFFARD,  HENRY  WELLS  (1810-1854X  nsTj  cap- 
tain ;  present  as  midshipman  at  Navarlno,  IW ;  prex^ 
at  capture  of  Cliusan  and  Canton,  1839,  and  rednctioB  of 
Amoy  and  Chinghae,  1841 ;  mortally  wounded  aod  cip- 
tnred  in  the  Tiger  at  Odessa.  [xxL  W] 

GIFFABB,  JOHN,  Barox  Oifpard  op  BR0iisneu> 
(1232-1299),  fought  for  de  Montfort  in  the  w»t;  «P- 
tored  Warwick  Castle,  1264 ;  Uken  at  Lewes,  batreecoed, 
1264  :  attached  himself  to  Gilbert  de  Clare  aod  foaght  for 
the  royalists  at  Evesham,  1265 ;  served  Edward  I  in 
W^ales,  Gascony,  and  Scotland ;  summoned  by  vrit  to 

S>arliamentof  1295  ;  member  of  council  of  regency.  U97: 
ouiided  Gloucester  Hall  (now  Worcester  OollegeXOxforo* 
1283.  [xxi,  »51 

GIFFABB,  ROGER  (d.  1597X  president  of  the  Conesv 
of  Physicians ;  fellow  of  Merton  College,  Oxford,  lod  of 
All  Souls* ;  M.A.,  1660  ;  M.D.,  1666  ;  physician  to  Qaeen 
Elizabeth  ;  president.  College  of  Physicians,  1681-4. 

[xxL  m] 

GIFFABB,  STANLEY  LBB8  (1788- 1868%  first  editor 
of  the  'Standard*;  brother  of  Sir  Ambrose  Htrdios? 
Giffard  [q.  v.]  ;  M.A.  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  1811 :  bar- 
rister. Middle  Temple,  1811 ;  LL.D. ;  editor  of  the  'Stao- 
dard  *  from  1827 ;  editor  of  *St.  James's  Ohronidc* :  con- 
tributed to  the  'Quarterly  *  and  *  Blackwood.*  [xxi  296] 

GIFFABB,  WALTER  (d,  12791  arobbisbop  of  York : 
consecrated  at  Paris  bishop  of  Bath  and  Wells,  1265 ; 
excommunicated  Leicester  and  his  followers ;  cbanoellor 
after  Evesham,  1265-6;  one  of  the  arbitrators  of  the 
award  of  Kenllwortii,  1266:  archbishop  of  York,  1266- 
1279 ;  tutor  to  Prince  Edward's  sons ;  one  of  the  three 
regents,  1272-4,  and  1276.  [xxi.  296] 

GIFFABB,  WILLIAM  (d.  11291bi8bop  of  Winchester : 
dean  of  Rouen  and  chancellor  to  William  II ;  nominated 
to  see  of  Winchester  by  Henry  I  (m  his  aooession,  1100 ; 


GLPFORD 


498 


GUiBBRT 


trr  Anaelm ;  refoBing  to  reodve  oodmctaUod  from 
'  Oinud  [q.  ▼.],  the  oewly  appointed  arohbbihop 
tra»  banUbed  by  the  king :  maintained  Ultimate 

with  Anarim,  whom  he  accompanied  to  Home, 
Mecrated,  after  settlement  of  the  investitore  dla- 
' ;  as  depaty  for  the  primate  married  Henry  I 
I  Adela.  IISI ;  his  diBpates  with  the  monkt  of 
IT  ended  by  royal  interrention.  1194 ;  founded  at 

Surrey,  I1S8,  the  first  Bnglisb  Cistercian  hooae ; 
r  of  St.  Mary  Oyeriea,  South wark  ;  built  London 
for  bishops  c€  Winchester  In  Southwark. 

[xxi.  S98] 
IBD.     [See  also  Gitpard.] 


»BD,  Gouirnn  or  (1807-1867). 
Sblixa.] 


[See  Sheri- 


IBD,  ADAM,  Lord  Qivpord  (18S0-1887Xlord 
:  called  to  Scotiij>h  bar,  1849 :  advocate-depute, 
rifT  of  Orkney  and  Zetland,  1865 ;  lord  of  session 
ifford,  1870-81 :  founded  Oifford  lectureships  in 
eology.  [xxL  S99] 

»RD,  ANDREW  ( 1700-1 784%  baptist  minister 
matist;  DJ).  Aberdeen,  1764;  chaplain  to  Sir 
Uys  [q.  ▼.]  and  Lady  Ellys,  17S1-46  ;  minister  at 
«k,  Loudon,  1780-84;  assistant-librarian  at 
[oBoxm,   1757-84;  his  collection  of  coins  pur- 

0«orge  II :  left  valuable  books,  manuscripts, 
ind  curios  to  baptist  academy.  Bristol ;  edited 
Tables  of  English  SUrer  and  Gold  Coins,*  176S. 

[xxL  800] 
)U>,  GEORGE  id.  16S0),  divhie:  student  at 
,  Oxford,  before  1568 :  incumbent  of  All  Saints* 
Peter's,  Maldon,  1583:  deposed  for  nonconfor- 
[ ;  carried  on  controversy  with  the  Brownista, 
UTOW  [q.  ▼.],  ami  John  Greenwood  [q.  v.] : 

theological  work.« :  his  *  Dialogue  concerning 
uid   Witchcrafts'   (1593)   reprinted    by    l*ercy 

[xxL  8UU] 

)RD,  GEORGE  iJI.  1635),  engraver  :   chiefly 

r  the  portrait  of  Latimer  prefixed  to  the  1635 

Latimer's  sermons.  [xxi.  301] 

)RD  or  GIFFABD,  GILBERT  (1661 7-1590X 
ktholic  spy  ;  of  the  Obilliogton  family :  while  at 
ish  Gcrflege,  Rome,  entered  English  secret  ser- 
3 :  visited  Mary  Queen  of  Scots  at  (^hartley, 
was  entrusted  with  her  secret  correspondence 
French  embassy :  treacherously  copied  letters, 
originals  to  Walsingham :  intimate  with 
Babisgton  [q.  v.],  whose  designs  he  encouraged 
mnicated  to  Walsingham  ;  carried  letters  from 
iabington  approving  the  conspiracy ;  accused  by 
iof  concocting  the  whole  plot ;  died  in  priieon  at 

[xxL  303] 

IRD,  HUMPHREY  (Jl.  1580),  poet ;  author  of 
>f  Gillofiowers,'  1580.  [xxi.  SOS] 

)SD.  JAMES,  the  elder  (17407-1813),  uni- 
iter  ;  educated  at  Rugby :  curved  in  the  14th 
ing  American  war  ;  pnbliebed  theological 
icloding  *  Elucidation   of  the  Unity  of  God,' 

[xxi.  SOS] 

ISD,  JAMES,  the  younger  n768-1853),  rear- 
ion  of  James  Oiffortl  tbe  elder  [q.  v.];  bom 
c.  Nova  Scotia  :  lieutenant  in  the  navy,  1793 ; 
raL  1846 ;  published  '  Remonstrance  of  a  Uni- 
.  to  BUbop  of  St.  DavidV  1818.      [xxL  304] 

ISD,  JOHN  (Jl.  1636-1649),  D.D.  C?brii»t 
txford  .  rector  of  St.  Michael  Basn^baw,  1636- 
elled  as  a  royalift,  1649.  [xxL  801] 

ISD,  JOHN  (1758-1818X  author  ;  of  Weftmin- 
St.  John's  College,  Oxford  ;  abandoned  his 
name  of  Green,  and  assumed  that  of  GifTord 
>  his  creditors,  c  1781  ;  London  police  magis- 
ited,  in  imitation  of  the  *  Anti-Jacobin  *  of 
3ifford  (1756-1826)  [q.  v.],  tbe  *  Anti-Jacobin 
od  Magazine,*  published  1798-1891 :  abo  pub- 
istory  of  Prance,*  1791-4  and  *  Political  Life  of 
K  [xxi.  305] 

)RD,    RICHARD    (1735-1807),    author  :    B.A. 

>lkge.  Oxford.  1748:  vicar  of  Duflleld,  1759: 

North  Okendon,  1772  :  his  *  Contemplation,  a 

53,  qooted  in  Jdinson's  Dictionary  ;  publiebed 


an   answer  to  Priestley's  dissertation   on  matter  and 
mind.  [xxi.  805] 

GI7F0RD,  ROBERT,  first  Barom  Givford  (1779- 
1836),  judge  :  special  pleader  :  barrister,  Middle  Templa, 
1808 :  recorder  of  Bristol,  1813  ;  Holicitor-geneial,  1817 ; 
attomey-genenU,  1819;  prosecuted  Cato  Street  oon- 
spiimtors,  1880 ;  M.P.,  Eye,  1817-1894  ;  addressed 
House  of  Lords  against  Queen  Oaroline,  1890  ;  serjeant- 
at-law,  1824  :  chief-justice  of  common  pleas,  privy 
councillor,  and  created  peer,  1834 ;  master  of  tbe  toUs 
and  deputy-speaker  of  Hooae  of  Lords.  [xxi.  806] 

OIFTORD,  WILLIAM  (1554-1699),  arobbishop  of 
Rheims  ;  studied  at  Lincoln  College,  Oxford  :  studied 
at  Lonvain  under  Bellarmine  and  at  the  Sorbonne 
and  English  collq^es  at  Rheims  and  Rome  :  MJL.  Loo- 
vain  :  almoner  and  chaplain  to  (^uxlinal  Allen  at  Rome, 
1587  ;  dean  of  Lille,  1596  ;  rector  of  Rheims  University, 
1608,  where  he  became  a  Benedictine ;  famed  as  a 
preacher  at  Paris  and  throughout  France  ;  first  preskleot 
of  English  Benedictines,  1617  ;  coadjutor  of  cardinal  of 
Guise,  1618,  at  Rheims  ;  archbishop  of  Rheims,  1699  ; 
edited  Dr.  W.  Reynolds's  *  Calvino-Turcismus,*  1597,  and 
wrote  several  works  in  the  interests  of  the  Duo  de  Guise. 

[XXL806] 

GIFTORD,  WILUAM  (1756-1896),  flnt  editor  of 
the  *  Quarterly  Review  * :  son  of  a  glazier  at  Ashborton : 
sboemaker*s  apprentice  ;  sent  by  a  surgeon  named  William 
Cookesley  to  Exeter  College,  Oxford  ;  B.A.,  1789  ;  after- 
wards patronised  by  Lord  Groevenor  :  became  known  by 
his  satires,  tho  *  Baviad '  (1794)  and  '  Moeviad '  (1796), 
against  the  Delia  (]ruscans  and  small  dramatists ;  editor 
of  and  v^nriter  in  *AnU-Jacobin '  (1797-8)  :  published 
'  Epistle  to  Peter  Pindar,'  1800,  attacking  Woloot,  who 
AFsaulted  him  at  a  bookshop  In  mistake  for  his  name- 
sake, John  Giffonl  [q.  v.],  of  the  *  Anti-Jacobin  Review* ; 
editor  of  the '  Quarterly  Review,'  1809-94  :  probably  wrote 
the  *  Quarterly's*  attack  on  KeaU's  '  Endvmion,'  1818; 
inspected  Byron's  works  before  publication:  founded 
exhibitions  at  Exeter  College,  Oxibrd;  edited  Juvenal, 
with  autobiography,  1809,  and  translated  Persius,  1891 : 
edited  the  dramatic  works  of  Massinger,  1805  and  1813,  of 
Ucii  Jonron,  1816,  and  of  Ford,  1837.  [xxi.  808] 

OIGII,  GIOVANNI  (d.  1498X  bUhop-elect  of  Wor- 
cester ;  came  to  England  as  collector  for  Pope  Sixtus  IV ; 
commlffiioner  for  sale  of  indulgences,  1489  ;  rewarded  for 
ills  services  for  Henry  VII  at  Rome  by  see  of  Worcester, 
1497,  but  died  at  Rome  before  enthronement;  wrote 
t'pithalamium  on  marriage  of  Henry  VIL        [xxL  311] 

OIGLI,  SILVESTRO  (146S-1531X  bishop  of  Wor- 
cester; nephew  of  Giovauni  Gigli  [q.  v.];  bishop  of 
Worcester,  14U9  :  resident  ambassador  of  Henry  VII  at 
Rome :  envoy  of  Pope  Julius  II  to  England,  1604 :  stayed 
at  court  as  ma.<«ter  of  ceremonies ;  envoy  to  the  Lateran 
council,  1513  :  confidential  agent  for  Wolsey  at  Rome; 
correspondent  of  Eraitmus.  [xxi.  311] 

I  GILBART,  JAMES  WILLIAM  (1794-1863X  writer 
on  banking;  banker  in  London,  Birmingham,  and 
Ireland;   manager   of   the    London     and    Westminster 

I  Bank,  1833-59  :  F.R.S.  and  member  of  StatiHical  Society ; 
cliief  works,  *  Practical  Treatise  on  Banking,*  1827,  and 
'  History  and  Principles  of  Banking,*  1834.      [xxL  313] 

GILBERT  THE  U.MVERHAL  ((/.  1134  ?X  bishop  of 
London  ; '  magister  '  at  Auxerre,  c  1130 ;  bishop  of  lion- 
don,  1137  or  1138  ;  took  part  In  council  of  London,  1139, 
which  condemned  marriage  of  priests  ;  his  *  infinite  * 
wealth  confiscated  by  Henry  I  ;  accused  by  the  chronicler, 
Henry  of  Huntingdon,  of  avarice,  but  highly  commended 
by  bL  Bernard  ;  benefactor  of  pees  of  London  and  Auxerre  ; 
owed  his  title  '  Universal  *  to  his  encyclopa^dic  learning ; 
hii»  only  extant  work,  a  treatise  on  '  Lamentations  * ;  many 
of  his  works  confused  with  tbosie  of  Gilbert  of  Auxerreand 
,  Gilbert  Follot  [q.  ▼.]  [xxL  318] 

GILBERT  OP  Louth  (rf.  1153?),  abbot  of   Basing- 
wfTk,  Fiintsbire:  sent  from  Louth  by  Gervase,  c  1140.  to 
obtain  grant  for  an  Irish  monastery;  the  *  Purgatorium 
.  Saccti  Patricii '  wrongly  a<icribed  to  him.       [xxi.  314] 

GILBERT  1  HE Grfat or  the  Thkolooian  (d.  1167  ?), 
eighth  abbot  of  CUeaux  ;  an  Encrlishman:  abbot  of  Cis- 
t  terciansat  Ourcamp,  1143,  at  Citcaux,  1103;  supported 
Geoflrey  of  Clairvaux  again.st  tbe  pope  and  king  of 
France;  author  of  *Ck>mmcntarie8  on  the  Psalms,*  and 
other  works.  [xxL  814] 


GILBERT 


494 


aiLBEBT 


.' 


GILBERT  or  Hotland  (<f.  117S>,  tbeologioal  writer ; 
an  English  Cistercian,  often  confused  with  Gilbert  the 
Great  [q.  v.] ;  disciple  of  St.  Bernard  of  Clairvaux  ;  abbot 
of  Swineshead,  Lincolnshire,  1163 ;  said  to  have  died  at 
Rivour,  near  Troyes ;  bis  sermons  and  *  Tiaotatus 
AsceUci*  printed  in  Migne's  *Patrologia*  and  Habillon's 
works  of  St.  Bernard.  [xxL  31ft] 

GILBEKT  OP  Sbmprinqham  (1088  ?-1  189),  founder 
of  the  Gilbertine  order,  the  head  of  the  thirteen  hooses 
being  at  Sempriughani,  LdncoUisbire,  c  1136 ;  met  Pope 
Eugenius  III  at  Clteaux ;  received  ablx>t*8  staves  from 
St.  Bernard  and  St.  Malachy ;  sapported  Becket  against 
Henry  II :  held  in  great  regard  by  Henry  II  and  Queen 
Eleanor,  who  protected  him  against  the  enemies  made  by 
the  rapacity  of  his  servants  ;  lived  to  be  over  a  hundred, 
but  retired  from  his  abbacy  long  before  death  ;  canonised 
by  Innocent  in,  1303.  ix:A.  315] 

GUBEBT  ov  Moray  (d.  1246X  bishop  of  Oaithnev, 
1323  ;  archdeacon  of  Moray,  1203  ;  built  Dornoch  Oatbe- 
dral :  last  Scotsman  enrolled  in  calendar  of  saints. 

[xxi.  317] 

GILBERT  THE  Englishman  (yl.  1350),  medical 
writer ;  studied  and  practised  abroad,  and  is  sajd  to  have 
been  chancellor  of  Montpellier ;  bis  *  Oompendium  Medi- 
cinsB,*  or '  Laurea  Anglicana,*  largely  a  compilation  from 
Greek  and  Arab  writers,  first  printed  at  Lyons,  1510. 

[xxi.318] 

GILBERT  OF  St.  Lipard  (d.  1305),  bishop  of  Chiches- 
ter ;  a  foreigner,  probably  named  from  church  of  St. 
Lifard  (Leofard),  near  Menng-sur-Lolre ;  practised  as 
ecclesiastical  lawyer  chiefly  in  the  north  of  England ; 
treasurer  of  Chichester,  1383 ;  employed  by  Archbishop 
Peckham  on  commission  to  define  nghts  of  metropolitlcnl 
jurisdiction,  1383,  and  in  disputes  with  mouks  ;  bishop  of 
Chichester,  1388-1305 ;  his  constitutions  of  reform  (1389) 
re-enacted  by  Archbishop  William  of  Greenfield  [q.  v.] ; 
rebuilt  east  &ad  of  his  cathedraL  [xxL  318] 

GILBERT,  Mr8.  ANN  (1783-1866),  writer  of  children's 
poetry;  better  known  under  her  maiden  name,  Ann 
Taylor  ;  with  her  sister  Jane  wrote  *  Original  Poems  for 
Infant  Minds,*  1804-5,  '  Rhymes  for  the  Nursery,'  1806, 
and  *  Hymns,'  1810  ;  married  Joseph  Gilbert  [q.  v.],  1813 ; 
afterwards  published  'Seven  Blessings  for  Little  Chil- 
dren,' 1844 :  contributed  to  Leifohild's  *  Original  Hynms,' 
and  compiled  memoir  of  her  husband,  1858;  her  'Auto- 
biography *  issued,  1874.  [xxL  330] 

GILBERT,  ASHURST  TURNER  (1786-1870X  bishop 
of  Chichester ;  fellow  of  Brasenose  College,  Oxford;  M.A., 
1811 ;  D.D.,  1833  ;  principal  of  Brasenose  College,  Oxford, 
1833-43 ;  vice-chancellor,  1836-40 :  bishop  of  Chichester, 
1843-70 ;  interdicted  the  Rev.  John  Purchas,  1868 ;  pub- 
lished sermons  and  charges.  [xxi.  831] 

GILBERT,  CHARLES  SANDOEr  1760-1831),  historian 
of  Cornwall ;  itinerant  vendor  of  medicines  in  Devon  and 
Cornwall ;  published  two  volumes  (1817  and  1830)  of 
» Historical  Survey  of  Cornwall.'  [xxL  331] 

GILBERT,  CLAUDIUS,  the  elder  (</.  1696  ?X  eccle- 
siastic ;  minister  under  Commonwealth  of  the  precinct  of 
Limerick  ;  active  against  the  quakers ;  settled  at  Belfast 
after  the  Restoration  ;  published  '  The  Libertine  School'd, 
or  a  Vindication  of  the  Magistrates*  Power  in  Religious 
Matters,'  1657,  and  other  works.  [xxi.  823] 

GILBERT,  CLAUDIUS,  the  younger  (1670-1743), 
ecclesiastic ;  son  of  Claudius  Gilbert  iaie  dder  [q.  v.] ; 
fellow  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  1693 ;  D.D.  and  LL.D., 
1706 ;  vice-provost,  1716  ;  rector  of  Ardstraw,  1736  ;  be- 
queathed many  books  to  Trinity  College,  Dublin. 

[xxi.  333] 

GILBERT  (formerly  GIDDY),  DAVIES  (1767-1839), 
president  of  the  Royal  Society ;  assumed  wife's  name  of 
Gilbert,  1817 ;  educated  at  Penzance  and  Pembroke  Col- 
lege, Oxford ;  MJL.,  1789  ;  D.C.L.,  1832 ;  high  sheriff  of 
Cornwall,  1793-3 ;  M.P.,  Helston,  1804,  Bodmin,  1806-33 ; 
promoted  cause  of  science  and  art  in  parliamoit ;  acquired 
large  property  in  Sussex  by  marruige,  1808;  published 
'  Plain  Statement  of  the  Bullion  Question,'  1811 ;  F.S.A., 
1830 ;  early  encouraged  Sir  Humphry  Davy  [q.  v.] ;  trea- 
surer of  Royal  Society,  1830,  president,  1837-30;  nomi- 
nated writers  of  Bridgewater  treatises,  and  (1880)  selected 
Brunei's  design  for  Clifton  bridge ;  published  '  Parochial 
History  of  ComwaU,' 1838 ;  edited  'Collection  of  Christ- 
mas Carols'  and  two  Cornish  mystery  plays,  [xxi.  323] 


OILBBRT,  ELIZABETH  MARGARETTA  JURIA 
(1826-1885X  philanthropist ;  second  daughter  of  Aibont 
Turner  Gilbert  [q.  v.] ;  rendered  Mind  as  s  chM  bj 
soariet  fever ;  with  William  Hanks  Levy  fbondsd  'Aoo- 
ciation  for  Promoting  the  General  Wdfare  ci  the  Blind'; 
assisted  Levy  in  writing  *  Blindness  and  the  Blind,' 1871 

[xxLIM] 

GILBERT,  Sir  GEOFFREY  or  JBFFBAT  (1874- 
1736),  judge ;  barrister,  Inner  Temple,  1698;  chief  tMm 
of  Irish  exchequer,  1715-83;  resisted  daim  to  jani)die> 
tion  of  t^  Irish  parliament  in  case  of  Annesl^  f .  Sho* 
lock,  1718  ;  EngUsh  judge  of  exchequer,  1733 ;  knitted, 
1785;  a  commissioner  of  great  seal,  1786;  his  'Lsv  of 
Uses  and  Trusts*  (1734),  edited  by  Sngden,  1811,  lod 
'  Treatise  of  Tenures '  (1764X  by  WatUns  and  Vidsl,  ISM; 
his  *  History  and  Practice  of  Civil  Actions  in  the  Ooortof 
Common  Pleas  *  (1787X  praised  by  Blackstone. 

[xxLSSI] 

GILBERT,  GEORGE  (1559?-1583k  founder  (vttk 
Thomas  Pound  of  Bdmont)  of  the '  Catholic  Assoeiatiflo; 
1579 ;  became  a  Jesuit ;  died  at  Rome.  [zxL  SN] 

GILBERT,  Sib   HUHPHRET    (15S9?-158SX  nsvi- 
gator ;   step-brother  of   Balsgh ;  educated  at  Bten  sad 
Oxford ;  served  under  Sir  Henry  Sidney  In  Ireland ;  givoi 
charge  of  Mnnster,  1569 ;   bughted,  1570 ;   MJ*.,  FIj* 
month,  1571 ;  rebuind  in  pariiament  by  Peter  WcntworUi 
[q.  v.] :  nnsuooessful  agidnst  the  Spaniards  in  Zeeknd, 
1578 ;  composed  in  retitement  his  '  Discourse  of  a  Di*- 
conery  Im  a  New  Plsssage  to  Oataia'  (ed.  G.  GasooisiM^ 
1576);   obtained  charter  for  discovery  and  plantatkn. 
1578 ;  fetiled  in  his  first  voyage,  1579;  served  under  Fenofc 
against  the  Spanish  ships  off  Mnnster,  1579 ;  kftPlymDotb 
writh  five  ships  to  colonise  Newfoundland,  1583 ;  laokd  it 
harbour  of  St.  J(^n  (5  Aug.  1583)  and  there  founded  tbe 
first  British  ctdony  in  North  America ;  after  a  voysga  of 
discovery  along   the  sooUi   coast   sailed  for    En^snd 
(1  Sept.),  but  was  lost  in  a  storm  off  the  Southern  Aaoni : 
his  scheme  for  the  erection  in  London  of  an  'Achsdenqr' 
to  educate  royal  wards  and  others  printed  by  Dr.  Fmk- 
vail,  1869.  [xxi.  W] 

GIXSERT,  JOHN  (A  1680).  theological  writer :  VJL 
Hart  Hall,  Oxford,  1680 ;  published  '  Answer  to  the  Bi^ 
of  Condom  (now  of  MeanzX  ^^  Exposition  of  tlx 
OathoUc  Faith,'  1686.  [xxL  330] 

GILBERT,  JOHN  (1698-1761X  archbishop  of  York; 
B.A.  Trinity  College,  Oxford,  1718 ;  M JL.  Merton  Goltagf; 
1718 :  prebendary  (1783),  sub-dean(178^-«)anddean(17S<) 
of  Exeter;  LL.D.  Lambeth,  1784;  bisbop  of  UtadAfl, 
1740-9,  of  SaUsbnry,  1749 ;  derk  of  the  closet,  1750 ;  sreh- 
bishop  of  York,  1757-61 ;  began  the  practice  of  Isjiif 
hands  on  each  candidate  at  confirmation.       [xxL  330] 

GILBERT,  Sir  JOHN  (1817-1897X  histories!  psintff 
and  draughtsman  on  wood;  entered  estate  sgents'  office 
in  city  of  London,  1883 ;  exhibited  two  dramngiof  ^ 
torical  subjects  at  Suffolk  Street,  18S6,  and  two  cost- 
ings at  British  Institution,  1837;    exhibited  at  Boral 
Academy,  1888-51,  and  from  1867;  worked  at  bookQla- 
timtion,  illustrating  most  of  the  English  poets  ud  otbr 
works,  including  Howard  Staunton's  e^tkm  of  Sbtlv- 
speare,  1856-60 ;  joined  staff  of  '  Illustrated  London  Ke««.' 
1843,  as  draughtsman  on  wood,  euid  contributed  drswioii 
regularly  to  '  Loudon  Journal,'  from  1845  ;  presideBi  o( 
Old  Water-colour  Society,  1871-97 ;  knighted,  1878;  ILA, 
1876 :   made  presents  of  collections  of  his  pietursB  to 
municipal  gaUerics  of  Lmidon,  Birmingham,  LiTcrpool, 
and  Manchester,  1898.  [Suppl-  ii*  S?^] 

GILBERT,  JOHN  GRAHAM-  (17»4-1866>  [See 
Graham-Gilbert.] 

GILBERT,  Sm  JOHN  THOMAS  (18S9-IB98),  Irish 
historian  and  antiquary ;  joint  honorary  seozetary  to  Jxitt 
Celtic  and  Archaeological  Society,  1855;  secretar)-  of 
Public  Record  Office,  DuUIu,  1867-75 ;  vice-president  of 
Royal  Irish  Academy:  LLJ>.  Royal  University,  1892: 
knighted,  1897.  His  works  include  *  Historical  £»ayi  ou 
Ireland,'  1851,  *  History  of  the  (3ity  of  Dublin,*  1854-?, 
*  History  of  the  Viceroys  of  Irdaud,*  1865,  and  » Con- 
temporary History  of  Affairs  in  Ireland,  1641-1658,*  1879- 
18B0.  [Suppl.  ii.  877] 

GILBERT,  JOSEPH  (1779-1858).  oongt^ratioiijU 
divine ;  cls&iical  tutor  at  Rothcrham  College ;  minister 
at  Sheffield  and  Nottingham,  1888-51:  pablisbed  life  ol 


■1 


QLLBEBT 


495 


GILDON 


1  WilUanw  (1760-1813)  [q.  t.],  1826,  a  dctaioe 
»'•  hypotboiit  of  origin  of  evil,  1808,  and  a 
i  atooement,  1886.  [xzi.  831] 

IT,  JOSEPH  FRANOIS  0799-1856),  painter; 
i  the  lU^yal  Academy  after  1818.    [zxi.  831] 

IT.  MARIE  DOLORES  ELIZA  BOSANNA 
.  adventureM ;  known  by  her  stage  name  Lola 
au^ter  of  military  ofDoer;  married  Oaptaln 
oaea,  1837 ;  diroroed,  1843 ;  appeared  at  Her 
tieatie,  London,  as  a  dancer,  1843,  pretending  to 
of  Spain ;  highly  auoceaeful  at  Dresden,  Berlin, 
.  FBtersboig,  and  Paris  ;  became  mistrees  of 
'  BaTaria,  who  created  her  Baronne  de  Rosen- 
mteeae  de  Lanafdd,  1847 :  exercised  fall  con- 
▼emment  of  Ba-nuria,  1847-8 ;  banished,  owing 

and  jerait  infioence,  1848;  married  in  Eug- 
tXrafford  Heald,  1849 ;  fled  with  him  to  Spain 
amy  prooeedii^r> :  appeared  at  New  York  and 
^  186S,  in  Ware^  '  Lola  Montez  in  Bavaria ' : 
?.  Hull  of  the '  San  Francisco  Whig  *  in  Oali- 

;  played  at  Sy<hiey  and  Mtiboume,  1856 ; 
al  the  editor  of  the  *  Ballarat  Times,*  1866 ; 
lectored  at  New  York,  1857-8,  and  published 
f  Beauty';  devoted  herself  to  helping  fallen 
sd  at  Asteria,  New  York.  [xxt.  881] 

IT,  NICOLAS  ALAIN  (176S-1821),  Roman 
ine :  bom  at  St.  Mak> ;  established  mission  at 
iblisbed  theological  works.  [xxL  838] 

IT,  RICHARD  (1794-1869X  printer  and  com- 
John's  Square,  ClerkenweU.  [xxL  884] 

IT,  SAMUEL  (<i.  169S?),  florioolturist ;  son- 
»hn  Rea  [q;^.] ;  rector  of  Quatt,  Shropshire; 
Florist's  Yade-mecnm  and  Gardener's  Alma- 

[xxL  884] 

IT,  THOMAS  (1610-16731,  ejected  minister ; 
wadle ;  when  ejected  from  vicarage  of  Baling 
to  New  England ;  pastor  of  TopttBdd,  Massa- 
<iried  at  Oharlestown.  [xxi.  385] 

KT.  THOMAS  (1613-1694),  ejected  n^inister : 
Idmnnd  Hall,  Oxford,  1688 ;  vicar  of  Upper 
D,  and  e.  1644,  St.  Lawrence,  Reading;  rector 
)  ;  took  the  covenant :  nicknamed  *  bishop  of 
' ;  lost  Edgmond  at  Rntoration ;  ejected  from 
D,  1663 :  preached  in  family  of  Lord  Wharton ; 
1  and  Kngiiwh  poems.  [xxL  385] 

IT,  THOMAS  (1730-1798),  poor-law  reformer ; 
xxaer  Temple,  1744:  treasurer,  1789:  advised 
r  to  engase  James  Brindley  [q.  v.],  whose 
romotcd ;  M.P.,  Newcastle-under-Lyme,  1763-^ 
r68-95  :  carried  two  poor-law  measures,  1788 ; 
ir  bill  of  1787  eritidfied  by  Sir  Henry  Bate 
airman  of  committees,  1784 :  carried  measures 
of  bouses  of  correction  and  improvement  of 
»nd  an  act  for  facilitating  clerical  residence  by 
2aeen  Anne's  Bounty  (*  Gilbert's  Act ') :  his  pro- 
r  helping  friendly  societies  by  parochial  grants 
1  act  of  1793  ;  edited  *  Collection  of  Pamphlets 
the  Poor,'  1787.  [xxi.  336] 

IT,  Sib  WALTER  RALEIGH  (1786-1853X 
peneral :  lieutenant,  15th  Bengal  native  in- 
( :  served  under  Macdonald  at  AUy  Gbur,  Delhi, 
arrie,  and  siege  of  Bhurtpore ;  oolond,  1833  ; 
reneral,  1851 ;  commanded  division  in  Sikh 
ared  remnant  of  enemy's  force  after  Goojerat, 
B.  and  member  of  council  of  India,  1850; 
onet,  1851.  [xxi.  337] 

IT,  WILLIAM  (1540-1603X  physician  to 
beth  and  James  I :  fellow  of  St.  John's  College, 
1561 :  M.An  1564  ;  M.D.,  1669  ;  president  of 
PhywicianB,  1600 ;  declared  the  earth  to  be  a 
his  *  De  Magnete,  Magnetidsque  Corporibns ' 
first  great  scientific  book  published  in  Eng- 

[xxi.  338] 

IT,  WILLIAM  (17607-1836 ?),  poet:  bom  in 

sducated  for  the  bar:  in  asylum  at  Bristol, 

end  of  Coleridge  and  Southey  :  published  *  The 

a  Tbeosophical  and  Western  Eclogue,*  1796. 

[Suppl.  ii.  378] 
IT.    WILUAM   (1804-1890X   author;    mid- 
East  India  Company's  service,  1818-31 ;  studied 


at  Guy's  Hospital,  18S8 ;  for  short  period  aasistant^irgeoa 
hi  navy ;  published  novda,  many  of  which  dealt  with  the 
contrast  between  the  lots  of  rich  and  poor ;  some  of  his 
works  illustrated  by  his  ion,  Mr.  William  Schwenck 
OUbert.  [SuppL  ii.  379] 

OUBUKHB  or  OILBOUrZ,  SAMUEL  (/l.  1605). 
aotor ;  mentioned  as  one  of  Shakespeare's  fellow-actors  in 
the  Shakespeare  First  Folio,  1633.  [xxi.  888] 

GILBT,  ANTHONY  (<l.  1585),  puritan  divine ;  M.A. 
CThrist's  OoUege,  Cambridge,  1535 ;  entertained  Fbxe  at 
Frankfort:  a  pastor  of  the  Wwg»«h  congregation  at 
Geneva,  1565 ;  assisted  in  Geneva  translation  of  the  bible ; 
presented  by  Huntingdon  to  living  of  Ashby-de-la-Zoooh 
before  1564 :  his  prosecution  for  nonconformity  ordered 
by  Parker,  1571 ;  translated  commentaries  of  Calvin  and 
Beza,  and  published  commentaries  on  Mioah  and  Malachi 
and  controversial  works.  [xxL  839] 

OILBT,  GK)DDARD  (/.  1661),  tnuulator;  son  of 
Anthony  Gilby  [q.  v.];  translated  Cicero's  *  Epistle  to 
Quintus,'  1561,  and  Calvin's  *  Admonitkm  against  Judicial 
Astrotogy.'  [xxL  389] 

OZLBT,    WILLIAM   HALL  (tf.  1831?),  geologist: 
M.D.  Edinburgh,  1815;   president   of  Royal  Sode^  of 
Medldne;  contributed  geotoglcal  papers  to  *  Edinburgh 
i  Philosophical  JoomaL'  [xxi.  840] 

OIL0HBI8T,  ALEXANDER (1838-1861), biographer; 
his  *  Life  of  Etty '  published,  1855,  and  that  of  BUka,  1863. 

[XXL840] 

OnOHBIBT,  ANNE  (1888-18851  author;  wife  of 
Alexander  Gilchribit  [q.  v.]  ;  finished  Alexander  Gflchrist's 
'  Life  of  Blake,*  oreflxing  a  memoir  of  the  author ;  pub- 
lished *  Life  of  Maiy  Lamb,*  1883,  essays  on  Walt  Whit- 
man's poetry,  and  a  translation  of  Hugo's  *  Legends  dcs 
SiAdes,'  1884.  [xxL  840] 

OIL0HBI8T,  EBSNEZER  (1707-1774X  physidan ; 
graduated  at  Rheims ;  practised  at  Dumfries ;  pobliahed 
'Use  of  Sea  Voyages  in  Medidne,'  1756,  and  *  Essays, 
Physical  and  Literuy,'  1770.  [xxL  841] 

OIL0HBI8T,  JAMBS  (<l.  in7X  naval  captalfi ;  was 
serving  on  the  Namur  whan  lost,  1749 ;  in  command  of 
the  Experiment  captored  sixteen  French  ships,  1755; 
fought  off  Minorca,  1766;  captured  the  Bmerande  and 
two  privateers,  1767;  severdy  wounded  in  taking  the 
Danae,  1769.  [xxt  341] 

GIL0HKI8T,  JOHN  BORTHWICK  (1759-1841), 
orientalist ;  educated  at  Heriot's  Hospital,  Edinburgh ; 
LLJ).  Edinburgh,  1804 :  surgeon  under  East  India  Com* 
pany  at  Calcutta,  1794 ;  acquired  knowledge  of  Hindu- 
stani, Sanscrit,  and  Persian ;  as  prindpal  of  Fort  William 
College,  1800-4,  superintended  the  production  by  vema- 
ctdar  scholars  of  Urdu  and  Hindi  text-books  for  Euro- 
peans; retired  from  servioe,  1809 ;  professor  of  Hindustani 
at  Oriental  Institution,  Ldcester  Square,  1818-86 ;  pub- 
lished *  Hindustani  Dictionary,'  1787-90,  *  Hindustani 
Grammar,'  1796,  'Dialogues,  English  and  Hindustani,* 
1804,  and  '  British  Indian  Monitor,'  1806-8,  also  Ftorelan 
text-books.  [xxL  848] 

OIL0HBI8T,  OCTTAVIUS  GRAHAM  (1779-1838X 
antiquary  :  F.SA.,  1803 ;  edited  poems  of  Richai^  Corbet 
[q.  v.],  1807 :  published  (1808)  *  Examination  of  the  Cfharges 
maintained  by  Mak>ne,  Chalmers,  and  others  of  Bcii 
Jonson's  Enmity  towards  Shakespeare  * ;  had  controversies 
with  Stephen  Jones,  editor  of  *  Biographia  Dramatica,'  and 
with  William  Lisle  Bowles  [q.  v.]  [xxL  844] 

0ILDA8  (516?-570?X  British  historian:  went  to 
Brittany,  e,  560,  and  is  said  to  have  founded  monastery  of 
Buys,  near  Vannes ;  a  popuUr  Breton  saint :  called  bv 
Alcuin  *the  wisest  of  the  Bretons':  his  *De  Exddib 
BritannisB*  first  printed  by  Polydore  Vergil,  1585,  the 
first  English  version  being  that  of  Habington,  163& 

[xxi.  844] 

GILDA8  minor  or  Nennius  (  Jt.  796).    [See  Nxnioub.] 

OZLDEBDALB,  JOHN  (d.  1864),  divine ;  M.A.  St. 
Catharine's  Hall,  Cambridge,  1830 :  B.D.,  1858 ;  incumbent 
of  Walthamstow  uid  prindpal  of  Forest  School ;  published 
'  Essay  on  Natural  Rdigion  and  Revelation,'  1837. 

[xxi.  346] 

GILDOK,  CHARLES  (1665-1734),  author;  advocated 
ddsm  in  an  edition  of  the  works  of  Charles  Blount  (1654- 
1698)  [q.  V.];  defended  orthodoxy  in  'Deist's  Manual,* 


GUiES 


496 


Gn«T,KSPIB 


1706 :  attacked  Pope  aa  *  Sawney  Dappor,*  and  was  in- 
oladed  by  him  In  *  The  Dimciad  * ;  pab1i«hed  *  Life  and 
AdTentnres  of  Defoe,'  five  play«,  and  an  edition,  witli  oon- 
Unoa^o,  gA  Langbaine's  *  Dnunatic  Poets,*  1699. 

[xxL  847] 
0ILS8,  FRANCIS  (1787-1847X  clril  engineer:  en- 
gaged in  surveying  onder  Reunie :  constructed  works  on 
Boatb- Western  railway  and  Newcastle  and  Carlisle  rail- 
way ;  constructed  the  Warwick  bridge,  Cumberland ; 
long  opposed  as  expert  railway  enterprises  of  George 
Stephenson.  [xxi.  847] 

GILES,  JA\[BS  (1801-1870X  landscape-painter ;  at 
thirteen  maintained  mother  and  sister  by  painting ; 
R£.A^  1829  :  his  best  works  angling  pictures. 

[xxi.  848] 

GILES,  JOHN  ALLBN  (1808-1884),  editor  and  trans- 
lator; educated  at  Oharterhoase ;  M.A.  Corpus  Christi 
College,  Oxford,  1831 :  fellow,  1833 ;  double  first  and 
Yinerian  scholar ;  D.O.L.,  1838 ;  head-master  of  the  City 
of  London  School,  1886-40 ;  obliged  by  Bishop  WUber- 
foroe  to  suppress  his  *  Christian  Records,'  1854 ;  impri- 
soned for  making  a  false  entry  in  Bampton  marriage 
register  to  shield  one  of  his  servants,  1865;  vicar  of 
Sutton,  1867-84 ;  published  *  Patres  Ecclesin  Anglicame' 
(1837-48),  edited  works  for  Oaxton  Society  (1845-64) : 
translated  for  Bohn  Matthew  Paris,  Baeda's  *  Ecclesiasti- 
cal History,' and  the  'Saxon  Chronicle*;  published  also 
life  of  Beoket,  1846,  and  of  King  Alfred,  1848,  and  his- 
tories of  Bampton  and  Witney.  [xxi.  848] 

GILES,  NATHANIEL  (<f .  1684),  musical  composer ; 
organist  of  St.  Qeorge's,  Windsor,  1695 :  master  of  the 
children  of  the  Chapel  Royal,  1597 :  Mus.  Doc.  Oxford, 
1622  ;  published  *  Lesson  of  Descant  of  thirtie-eighte  Pro- 
portions *  on  the  plain-song,  *  Miserere ' :  his  service  in 
C  and  anthem,  *  0  give  thanks,'  printed  in  Barnard's 
collection.  [xxi.  849] 

GILFILLAV,  GEORGE  (1818-1878),  author;  son  of 
Samuel  GilfiUan  [q.  v.]  ;  friend  of  Thomas  Aird  [q.  v.], 
De  Quinoey,  and  Oarlyle ;  educated  at  Glasgow  College ; 
united  Presbyterian  minister  of  the  School- Wynd  Church, 
Dundee,  1836-78 ;  twice  accused  of  heresy  ;  helped  Sydney 
Dobell  [q.  v.]  and  Alexander  Smith  [q. v.];  published 
works,  including  *  Hades,'  a  sermon,  1843,  'Gallery  of 
Literary  Portraits,' *  Alpha  and  Omega,*  1860, '  Bards  of 
the  Bible,*  'History  of  a  Man,'  1856,  editions  of  poets 
with  Uvea,  1853-60;  the  Gilfillan  Testimonial  Trust 
formed  for  founding  scholarftbips  from  a  subscription 
raised  in  his  honour,  1877-8.  [xxi.  350] 

GILFILLAN,  JAMES  (1797-1874).  ScoUish  divine; 
brother  of  George  Gilfillan  [q.  v.];  ordained  in  Stirling 
secession  congr^ration,  1822 ;  LL.D.  Glaitgow,  18G6  ;  pub- 
lished 'The  Sabbath,  viewed  in  the  Light  of  Reason, 
Revelation,  and  History,'  1861.  [xxi.  851] 

GILFILLAN,  ROBERT  (1798-1850).  poet ;  his  <  Peter 
M'Craw'  praised  in  'Nocten  Ambrosiauae ' ;  published, 
1831,  'Original  Songs  *  (set  by  Peter  M'Leod). 

[xxi.  852] 

GILFILLAN,  SAMUEL  (1762-1826X  secession  minister 
of  Omirie,  Strathoaru,  Perthshire ;  edticutcd  at  Glasgow ; 
his  wife,  Rachel  Barbis,  known  as  '  the  star  of  the  north ' ; 
published  '  Discourses  on  the  Dignity,  Grace,  and  Opera- 
tions of  the  Holy  Spirit,*  1826.  [xxi.  352] 

GILL,  ALEXANDER,  the  elder  (1565-1635X  high- 
master  of  St  Paul's  School ;  M.A.  Corpus  Christi  College, 
Oxford,  1689 ;  high-master  of  St.  Paul's  School,  1608-35, 
Milton  bdng  one  of  bis  pupils ;  published  '  Logonomia 
Anglica,*  1619.  [xxi.  353] 

GILL,  ALEXANDER,  the  younger  (1597-1642).  high- 
master  of  St  Paul's,  1636-9  ;  eon  of  Alexander  Gill  the 
elder  [q.  v.]  ;  M.A.  Wadham  College.  Oxford,  1619 ;  D.D. 
Trinity  College,  Oxford,  1687 ;  his  Latin  verses  praised  by 
Milton ;  sentenced  to  imprisonment,  fine,  and  loss  of  his 
ears  for  speaking  disrespectfully  of  Charles  I  and  drink- 
ing a  health  to  Buckingham's  assassin,  1628 :  pardoned, 
1680:  dismissed  for  severity  from  St.  Paul's;  attacked 
Ben  Jonson's  '  MagneUck  Lady.'  [xxL  353] 

GILL,  JOHN  (16^-1771),  baptist  minister  :  Weiines- 
day-evening  lecturer  in  Great  Eastcheap,  1729-56 ;  D.D. 
Aberdeen,  1748;  published  works,  including  'Expoi«ition 
of  the  Holy  Scriptures,'  1746-8,  1766,  and  'Dissertation 
on  the  Antiquity  of  the  Hebrew  Language,'  1767. 

£xxL  356] 


GILL,  WILLIAM  JOHN  (184S-188S),  captain  oCrofil 
engineers ;   served   in   India,    1869-71 ;   travelled  vttb 
Valentine  Baker  in  Persia,  1878,  making  a  vslonble  n- 
vey ;  with  E.  Ck>lbome  Baker  in  Saedbaen,  (Man,  aid 
with  Mr.  Mesny  in  Eastern  Thibet,  maUng  a  krge  ny 
and  valuable  observations,  for  which  the  Oeognpbied 
Society's  gold   medal  was  awarded ;  assistant  oomBu* 
sioner  for  delimiting  Asiatic  boandary  of  Rosdi  and 
Turkey,  1879 ;  travdled  in  country  between  Toids  and 
Egypt,  1881;    with  Professor   Palmer   and  Lieoteoattt 
Charrlngton  murdered  by  Bedooins  in  the  deaert  when  oa 
his  way  as  inteUigenoe  officer  to  cut  the  tdegraph  vire 
from  Cairo  to  OoaDstantinopIe  to  prevent  ita  oae  by  Antt 
Pasha.  [xxL  8M  ] 

OnXAN,  ROBERT  (1800-1879X  Scottish  divine; 
studied  at  Edinburgh  High  Scho(4and  University ;  voitk' 
ter  of  St  John's,  Glasgow,  1847-61,  and  of  Incbinnu, 
Renfrewshire,  1861-79 ;  DJD.  Glasgow,  1868 ;  modentor 
of  the  general  assembly,  1878 ;  leotored  on  pastoral  theo- 
logy at  four  Scottish  universitieB.  [xxL  857] 

GUXE  or  GILLSBEBT  (JL  1106-1146X  bishop  d 
Limerick ;  termed  by  Keating  (3iolla  Easboo  ;  friend  and 
correspondent  of  Anselm,  who  induced  bim  to  attempt 
the  introduction  into  Ireland  of  the  Roman  litorgy  ;  pn- 
sided  over  Um  synod  of  Rathbreasail  as  paj^  legate,  about 
nil.  [XXL  858] 

GILLZSPIE,  GEORGE  (1618-1648),  Scottish  divine: 
MUton's   'Oah&sp*;    MA.   St   Andrewa,    1629;  imed 
anonymously  '  IHspnte  against  the  English  Pt^rish  Oere- 
monies  obtrudedjupon  the  (Thnrch  of  Scotland,*  1637 ;  pit- 
sented  to  Wemyss,  Fifeshire,  1688,  and  ordained  noa- 
episcopally  ;  preached  before  Charies  I  at  Holyrood,  1641 ; 
pensioned,  1641 ;    translated  to  Greyfriars,  Sdinbmfh, 
1642 ;  the  youngest  member  of  the  WestmiDSter  Aaienlily, 
1643,  where  he  oppoeed  Sdden's  views  on  dinrdi  gorcnh 
ment ;  introduced  the  directory  to  Edinbnrgh  asaemMj, 
1645 ;  presented  confession  of  faith  to  general  aasemb^, 
1647;  moderator,  1648;   elected  to  the  high  dioreh  of 
Edinburgh,  1648 ;  his  tombstone  at  Kirkcaldy  brokeo  hf 
the  hangman  by  order  of  the  oommittee  of  estates,  IMl; 
published  theological  works.  [xxL  tS9] 

GILLESPIE,  JAMES  (1726-1797X  founder  of  hotpitU 
at  Edinburgh ;  owned  a  snuff-mill  at  Odintoo ;  witb  Ui 
vounger  brother  carried  on  business  in  High  Street,  Edis- 
bui^h  ;  left  bequests  for  foundation  of  a  hospital  far  old 
people  and  a  school.  [xxi.  361] 

GILLESPIE,  PATRICK  ri617-1676),  pTindpsl  of 
GUisgow  University ;  brother  of  George  GlUespw  [q.  ▼•] : 
graduated  at  St  Andrews,  1686 ;  minister  at  Kinoaldj, 
1642,  of  the  High  Church,  Glasgow,  1648 ;  opposed  tbe 
'engagement'  to  rescue  Charles  I;  after  Dunbar,  raisol 
the'Westland  Force*  and  drew  up  its  'Remoitftnooe' 
condemning  the  treaty  with  Cbarles  II,  and  making  gnive 
charges  against  the  Scottish  authorities,  1660 ;  a^oaed 
from  ministry  for  protesting  against  legality  of  the  ic* 
solutions  making  terms  with  '  malignant^,'  1651 :  kadar 
of  the  'protesters,'  1661;  made  principal  of  OluROw 
University  by  Cromwell,  1652 ;  granted  'GiUespicI^  Ofaar 
ter,*  1658,  empowering  '  protesters  *  to  remodel  the  eborcb 
in  their  own  interest ;  again  viaited  London ;  became  ib- 
timate  with  Lambert  and  Fleetwood ;  obtained  revennes 
for  his  university  from  church  property ;  dqirived  and 
(1 661 )  imprisoned.  [xxL  Ml] 

GILLESPIE,  Sir  ROBERT  ROLLO  (1766-1814). 
major-general ;  as  adjutant-general  in  San  Domiiigo, 
1796,  was  attacked  by  eight  assasmns  and  killed  nx;  Wl 
Jamaica  in  command  of  his  regiment,  1801 :  rescued  tte 
69tb  atVellore,  1806  ;  commandol  cavalry  against  Ranjoi 
Singh,  18i>0  ;  a»  brigadier  headed  advance  of  Aucbmutj** 
Java  expedition,  directing  attack  on  Oomdis,  1811 :  w- 
posed  sultan  of  Palembang,  Sumatra,  1812;  defendol 
Javane:^  confederacy  at  Todhyakarta;  maior-geoenL 
1812 ;  killed  in  attack  on  Kalunga,  Nqiaul ;  boricd  tk 
Meernt ;  named  K.C.B.,  1616.  [xxL  869] 

GILLSSPIS,  THOMAS  (1708-1774X  founder  of  the 
relief  church  ;  studied  at  Edinburgh  University ;  nunit* 
ter  of  Camock,  near  Dunfermline,  1741 ;  deposed  tj 
general  assembly  for  refusing  to  ordain  Andrew  Bkban* 
son,  1752 ;  for  six  and  a  half  years  stood  alone  preadiiBf 
on  the  highway  and  at  Dunfermline ;  joined  bj  Thooi* 
Boston  the  younger  [q.  v.]«  and  by  tbe  oongregataoov 
Colinsburgh  ;  foimed  a  presbytery,  1761 ;  published  'Pi*^ 
tlcal  Treatise  on  Temptation.*  1774.  [xxL  16S] 


GILLESPIE 


497 


GILPIN 


THOMAS  (1777-1844X  profeMor  at  St.  i 
:  dietingaiBhed  at  Edinburgh  UDiTenity;  LL.D. 
1824;  profeae<n'  of  hamanity  at  St.  Andrmvt,  j 
itribnied  to  'Blackwood,*  'GousUble'a  Miscel-  | 
1 "  Tales  of  the  Borders.'  [xxL  366] 


E,  WILLIAM  (1776-1825Xpoet;  minister 
1800 ;  ocMifined  to  Kirkcudbrightshire  (or  praying 
i  Oarolice,  1830 :  published  'The  Progress  of  Re- 
andoilwr  FOems,'  1805,  and  'Consolation,  and 
tns/  1815.  [xxi.  867j 

CBS,  AJ)AM,L0RD  GiLUKS  (1760-184SX  Scottish 
leriff-depote  of  Kincardineshire,  1806:  judge, 
d  of  josUciary,  181S-37;  lord  oommiasioner  of 
xxirt,  1816 ;  judge  of  exchequer,  1837. 

[xxL  867] 
[B8,  JOHN  (1712-1796X  theological  writer; 
of  the  College  Church,  Glac^w,  from  174S ;  pub- 
fistorical  Collections  relating  to  the  Success 
Mpel,'  1754  (supplemented,  1761  and  1780X  and 
iWhitefleld,'1772.  [xxi.  367] 


JOHN  (1747-1836X  historian  and  classic; 
f  Adam,  lord  Gillies  [q.  v.] ;  educated  at  Brechin 
{ow  UniTenity ;  LL.D.,  1784 ;  F.Ra  and  F.8.A. ; 
rapber  royal  of  Scotland,  1793;  published 
of  Greece,'  1786,  '  Histoiy  of  the  World  from 
r  to  Augustus,'  1807,  '  View  of  the  Reign  of 
:  II  of  Prussia,'  1789,  and  translations  from 
Lysias,  and  Isocrates.  [  xxL  368] 


r,   MAltGARBT  (180S>1887X   painter :    edu- 

her  uncle  Adam,  lord  Gillies  [q.  v.] ;  painted 

s  of  Wocdsworth  and  Dickens,  and  exhibited 

at  Royal   Academy;  studied   at  Paris    under 

and  Ary  Scheffer ;  associate  of  the  Old  Society  of 

in  Water-colours,  185S-87.  [xxi.  368] 


ROBBRT  PBARSB  (1788-1 858X  autobio- 
a  member  of  the  Ballantyne  circle ;  the  Kern- 

n  of  Christopher  North's  '  Ncctes  Ambroeianas' ; 
Scott  and  Wordsworth ;  contributed  to  *  Black- 

mnslations  from  (German ;  in  constant  pecuniary 
edited  'Foreign  Quarterly,'  to  which  Scott, 
and  Maguire  contributed;   published,   besides 

•  of  a  literary  Veteran'  (1861,  3  toIr.),  several 
<d  poems,  prose  romance,  and  translations  from 
tan.  [xxi.  369] 

ILAVS,  THOMAS  (A  1804-1816),  author; 
ave  haunted  the  grreen-room  of  Dniry  Lane  as  '  a 

the  private  conduct  of  public  men ' :  published 
unatic  Mirror,'  1808,  and  satirical  pamphlets. 

[xxi.  870] 
DTO,  ISAAC  (1663  7-17S6X  presbyterian  minister ; 
rf  John  Fox  (1693-1763)  [q.  v.],  his  biographer : 

presb]rterian  ordination,  1687 ;  ministered  at 
er,  SilTertoa,  and  Newton  Abbot :  active  member 

*  assembly  for  union  of  presbyterians  and  inde- 
,  1691 :  excluded  for  siding  against  subscription : 
1  *  (Qualifications  and  Duties  of  Ministers,'  1708, 
e  €aQeorge  Trosse,'  1716.  [xxi.  371] 

nrOWATSR,    EDMUND   (1735  ?-1813),   topo- 
poblished  '  £^eay  on  Parish  Workhouses,'  1786, 
ad  Account  of  Lowestoft,'  1790,  and  '  Historical 
of  SU  EiJmund's  Bury,'  1804.  [xxi.  371] 

IS,  JAMBS  (180S-1864X  Roman  catholic  pre- 
-n  at  Montreal;  ordained  at  Aqnborties,  1837; 
St.  Margaret's  (X>nTent,  Edinburgh,  the  first 
poet- Reformation  religions  house,  1835  ;  bishop 
ra  in  partibitt,  1838  ;' vicar-apostolic  of  eastern 
,  1853 ;  pronounced  panegyric  on  Joan  of  Arc  at 
1857,  and  was  presented  with  the  heart  of 
:  of  England ;  published  pamphlets,    [xxi.  373] 

OTT,  J08EPH  (1799-1873X  sted-peu  maker  of 
Mun ;  for  some  time  made  pens  at  Birmingham 
only  of  a  woman,  selling  them  at  a  shilling  each 
ooer ;  finally  employed  450  hands  ;  his  collection 
es,  rich  in  Turners  and  Ettys,  sold  for  170,000/., 
riolins  for  4,000/.  [xxL  373] 

OW,  JOHN  (1758-1838X  president  of  Ushaw 
1811-38 ;  professor  at  Douay ;  for  twenty  years  in 
r  the  York  mission.  [xxi.  373] 

OW,  THOMAS  (1769-1867X  Roman  caUiollc 
it  the  Revolution  escaped  from  Douay  to  Crook 


Hall,  Durham ;  chapUiin  at  Oallaly  Castle,  Northumber- 
knd ;  missioner  at  North  Shields,  1831-57.      [xxi.  374] 

OnXRAY,  JAMES  (1757-1815X  caricaturist;  ap- 
penticed  to  a  letter-engraver ;  studied  at  Royal  Academy ; 
said  to  have  etched  a  caricature  at  twelve :  treated  at  first 
anonymously  social  subjects,  turning  to  political  themes 
after  1780 :  executed  fifteen  hundred  pieces,  mostly  issued 
by  Miss  Humphrey  at  39  St.  James^B  Street,  PiocadiUv, 
London,  where  he  lived ;  imbecile  after  1811.  Among  hu 
caricatiunes  were  many  ridiculing  the  habits  of  the  royal 
family,  such  as  '  Wife  or  no  Wife,'  1788,  'Ancient  Music,' 
1787,  '  Anti-Saocharites.'  1793,  'Temperance  Enjoying  a 
Frugal  Meal,'  1793,  'A  Voluptuary  under  the  Horrors  of 
Digestion,'  1793,  and  '  Sin,  Death,  and  the  Devil,'  1793. 
He  depicted  Pitt  in  'The  Vulture  of  the  Constitution,* 
1789, 'God  save  the  King,'  1795,  and  ' Disciples  Catching 
the  Mantie,'  1808 ;  Fox  in  '  Spouting,'  1793,  •  Blue  and  Buff 
Charity,'  1793,  and  *  The  Worn-out  Patriot,'  1800 ;  Sheridan 
and  Burke  in  *  The  Dagger  Scene,'  1793,  and  Fox,  Sheridan, 
and  leading  radicals  in  'Doublures  of  Characters'  for 
'  Anti-Jacobin,'  1798  (?).  Other  caricatures  dealt  with 
Napoleon,  Nelson,  and  the  Revolution.  His  serious  work 
included  a  profile  of  Ame  after  Bartolozzi,  two  portraits 
of  Pitt,  and  the  miniature  of  himself  in  the  National  Por- 
trait Gallery.  [xxi.  874] 

GILLY,  WILLIAM  STEPHEN  (1789-1855X  divine  : 
educated  at  Christ's  Hospital,  Caius  College,  and  St. 
Catharine  Hall,  Cambridge;  M.A.,  1817;  D.D.,  1888; 
vicar  of  North  Fambridge,  Essex,  1817 ;  perpetual  curate 
of  St.  Margaret,  Durham,  1837 ;  vicar  of  Norham,  188!  : 
canon  of  Durham,  1863 ;  published  works  describing  his 
visits  to  the  Vaudois,  '  The  Peasantry  of  the  Border ;  an 
appeal,'  1841, '  Our  Protestant  Forefathers,'  1885,  and  other 
writings.  [xxL  377] 

OILXGXnt,  Sir  JOHN  (<f.  1671X  Scottish  judge; 
counsd  for  Montrose,  1641 ;  lord  president  of  the  court  of 
session,  1661;  privy  councillor  and  lord  of  the  articles; 
defended  Argyll  and  helped  to  overthrow  Middleton,  1668. 

[xxi.  377] 

GILPIN,  BERNARD  (1517-1588X  the  *  AposUe  of  the 
North';  fellow  of  Queen's  Ck>llege,  Oxford;  M.A.,154S; 
B.D.,  1549 ;  one  of  the  first  elected  to  Wolsey's  foundation  ; 
disputed  on  the  Romanist  side  with  John  Hooper 
and  Peter  Martyr;  denounced  spoliation  of  church 
property  in  a  sermon  before  Edward  VI,  1553 ;  rector  of 
Easington  and  (1556)  archdeacon  of  Durham ;  denounced 
for  heresy,  but  defended  by  Bishop  Tunstall,and  promoted 
to  benefice  of  Honghton-le-Spring ;  on  his  way  to  answer 
a  second  charge  of  heresy  when  Queen  Mary  died ;  refused 
see  of  Carlisle,  1569,  and  provostship  of  Queen's  College, 
Oxford,  1560;  made  annual  progresses  through  neglected 
parts  of  Northumberland  and  Yorkshire,  preaching  and 
relieving  the  inhabitants;  founded  grammar  school  at 
Houghton,  and  supported  some  of  the  scholars  at  his  own 
cost ;  interceded  for  rebels  of  1569.  [xxi.  878] 

GILPIN,  GEORGE  'the  Elder'  (1514  7-1603),  diplo- 
matist and  translator;  elder  brother  of  Bernard  Gilpin 
[q.  v.] :  agent  of  English  government  in  Zeeland,  and 
secretary  to  Gresbam ;  published  'The  Beehive  of  the 
Romish  Church '  (translation  of  St.  Aldegonde's '  Apiariom 
Romanum  'X  157L  [xxi.  380] 

GILPIN,  RANDOLPH  (</.  1661X  divine ;  educated  at 
Eton  ;  M.A.  King's  College,  Cambridge,  1618 ;  chaplain  to 
the  Rocbelle  expedition  and  rector  of  Baruingbam,  Suf- 
folk, 1638 ;  D.D.,  1660 ;  rector  of  Worliugbaui,  1661 ; 
published  '  Liturgica  Sacra,'  1657.  [xxi.  380] 

GILPIN,  RICHARD  (1635-1700X  nonconformist  di- 
vine and  physician;  M.A.  Edinburgh,  1646 :  as  rector  of 
Greystokc,  1653-61,  organised  his  parish  on  the  congrega- 
tional model,  and  formed  voluntary  association  of  Cum- 
l)erland  and  Westmoreland  churcbes  ;  refused  see  of  Car- 
lisle, 1660  ;  removed  to  Newcastle,  1668,  where  he  preached 
in  defiance  of  the  stiitutes  against  dissenters,  and  practised 
as  a  physician ;  M.D.  Leyden,  1676 :  published  '  Dsemono- 
logia  sacra  ;  a  Treatise  of  SaUn's  Temptations,*  1677. 

[xxi.  381] 

GILPIN,  SAWREY  (1733-1807),  animal  painter; 
worked  under  Samuel  Scott  (1710  ?-1773)  [q.  v.] :  employed 
by  the  Duke  of  Cuml)erland  to  draw  from  his  stud ;  ex- 
hibited at  Incorporated  Society  of  Artists,  1763-83,  be- 
coming  president,  1774  ;  exhibited  at  Royal  Academy  from 
1786  ;  B.A.,  1797  :  excelled  aa  a  painter  of  horses. 

'  [xxi.  383] 

K  K 


arLPiN 


498 


GISBORNE 


GILPIN,  WILLIAM  (1724-1804),  author :  deeoendant 
of  Bernard  Oilpin  [q.  v.],  and  brother  of  Sawrey  Gilpin 
[q.  v.] ;  M..L.  Quocn*8  Ck>llpge, Oxford,  1748 :  kept  scliool  at 
Cheam,  Surrey,  Bidmoath,  Redeadale,  and  the  historian  Mit- 
ford  being  among  bliipapile(;  an  advanoad  educationalist ; 
Ticar  of  Boldre,  1777;  built  a  new  poorhouse  and  en- 
dowed school  at  Boldre ;  published  lives  of  Bernard  Gilpin, 
1763,  Latimer,  1765,  Wycliffe,  1766,  Granmer,  1784,  and 
other  reformers, '  Essay  on  Prints,*  1768,  *  Lectures  on  the 
Church  Oatechism.'  1779,  *  Exposition  of  the  New  Testa- 
ment,' 1790,  and  five  works  illustrated  by  aquatint  draw- 
ings, describing  his  summer  tours.  [xxi.  383] 

GILPIN,  WILLIAM  SAWREY  (1762-1848X  water- 
colour  pointer  and  landscape  gardener:  son  of  Sawrey 
(}Upin  [q.  V.]:  first  president  of  the  Old  Water-colour 
Society.  1804-6 ;  seceded,  1813 ;  laid  out  gardens  at  Danes- 
field,  EnniskiUen  Oastle,  and  other  seats:  published 
"  Pructical  Hints  for  Landscape  Gardening,*  1832. 

[xxi.  386] 

GINXEL,  FREDERICK  CHRISTIAN,  second  Earl 
OP  Athlonk  (1668-1719X  general:  served  under  Wil- 
liam III  and  Anne :  lieutenant-general  of  Dutch  cavalry ; 
taken  prisoner,  1710.  [xxi.  887] 

GINKEL,  GODERT  PR,  first  Earl  oi^  Athixinr 
(1630-1703),  general :  native  of  Utrecht ;  present  at  Senef. 
1674  :  accompanied  William  of  Orange  to  England,  1688 ; 
distinguished  at  the  Boyne  and  first  siege  of  Limerick, 
1690 :  left  in  command  in  Ireland  on  departure  of  Wil- 
liam III ;  captured  Atblone,  won  the  victory  of  Aughrim, 
and  took  Limerick,  1691 ;  created  Baron  of  Aughrim  and 
Earl  of  Athlone  and  thanked  by  the  speaker,  1692 ;  fought 
at  Steinkhrk,  1692,  and  Landoi,  1693  :  commanded  Dutch 
horse  at  recapture  of  Kamur,  1696,  and  assisted  in  surprise 
of  Qivet,  1696 :  second  in  command  to  Marlborough, 
1 702  ;  died  at  Utrecht.  [xxi.  888] 

GIPPS,  Sir  GEORGE  (1791-1847),  colonial  governor : 
entered  royal  engineers,  1809;  wounded  in  assault  on 
Badajoz,  1812;  superintended  fortifications  of  Ostcnd, 
1815 ;  while  in  West  Indies,  1824-9,  sent  home  ehiborate 
reports :  private  secretary  to  Lord  Auckland,  1884 :  joint- 
commissioner  in  Canada,  1836-7 ;  governor  of  New  South 
Wales,  1838-46  :  opened  up  the  country  and  protected  the 
aborigines,  but  became  unpopular,  owing  to  his  arbitniry 
policy  and  insistence  on  the  right  of  the  crown  to  terri- 
torial revenue.  [xxi.  387] 

GIPPS,  SIR  RICHARD  (1669-1708),  master  of  the 
revels  at  Gray's  Inn,  1682 ;  student,  1676 ;  knighted  by 
Charles  II :  made  collections  for  history  of  Suffolk. 

[xxi.  389] 

GIPPS,  THOMAS  (d.  1709X  rector  of  Bury,  Lanca- 
shire, 1674-1709 :  educated  at  St.  Panl's  School :  feDow  of 
Trinity  College,  Cambridge;  M.A.,  1662;  carried  on  a 
controversy  with  James  Owen  of  Oswestry  regarding  the 
preibyterian  interpretation  of  Acts  vi.  3.         [xxi.  389] 

GIKALSTJS  DK  Barri,  called  Cambrr^sis  (1146  ?- 
1320  ?),  topographer ;  native  of  Fembrokeithire  and  son  of 
Nesta,  a  Welsh  princess;  lectured  on  the  Trivium  at 
Paris ;  as  archdeacon  of  Brecknock,  1172,  procured  excom- 
munication of  bishop  of  St.  Asaph  for  teespassing  on  rights 
or  St.  David's:  nominated  to  see  of  St.  David's,  1176,  but 
rejected  by  Henry  II  as  a  Welshman  of  royal  blood ;  oom- 
niiflsary  to  the  bishop  of  St.  IXivid's,  1180 ;  accompanied 
Prince  John  to  Ireland,  1184,  where  he  refused  several 
iMses ;  assisted  Archbishop  Baldwin  to  preach  the  crusade 
in  Wales,  1188  :  sent  to  keep  the  peace  there  on  death  of 
Henry  II :  refused  sees  of  Bangor  and  Llun<laff,  1190-1  : 
led  a  student's  life  at  Lincoln,  1192-8:  elected  to  Fee  of 
St.  David's,  1198;  u-ent  to  Rome,  but  failed  to  obtain 
metropolitan  dignity:  i-coeived  support  from  the  Welsh 
princes,  but  was  ouUawed  and  disowned  by  the  chapter, 
1202  :  fled  abroad  and  again  reached  Rome ;  imprisoned 
at  Ohutillon :  gave  way  to  Hcnlaw,  the  newly  elected 
bLshop  of  St.  David's,  and  was  reconciled  to  the  king 
and  archbishop,  receiving  a  pension  and  the  expenses  of 
hit*  suit:  buried  at  St.  David's.  His  works  (edited  by 
J.  S.  Brewer  and  J.  F.  Dimock,  1861-77)  include  *  Topo* 
gruphia  Hibernica,'  *Expugnatio  Hibemica,'  *  Itinerarium 
Cumbrian,' '  Gemma  Ecclesiastica,*  *  De  Rebus  a  se  gestis,' 
ami  lives  of  St.  Hugh  of  Iiincoln,  St  David,  and  others. 

[xxi.  889] 
GIRAILDTJS  CoRNUBiRNSis  (fl.  1350  ?),  author  of  *De 
ge:itis  Uritouum '  and  *  De  gestis  Regum  west-Saxonum.' 

[xxi.  393] 


ODULVrO,  HERBERT  JOHN  (1817-1888X  pbjniciu: 
chemist  and  botanist ;  M.D.  Edinburgh,  1840 ;  pnodpsl 
of  Grant  Medical  College,  Bombay ;  chief  iBadical  sOeer 
of  Sir  Jamsetjee  Jeejeebhov's  Hospital,  damty-inipector 
general  and  (1863)  dean  or  faculty  of  medioiBe,  Bmbij 
Univeruty ;  author  of  botanical  and  chemical  papm. 

[xzi.3U] 

GIRDLB8T0NB,  CHARLES  (1797-1881X  Ubiieil 
commentator  ;  B JL.  Wadham  College,  Oxford,  1818 ; 
fellow  of  BallioU  1818 ;  M.A.,  1821 ;  vicar  of  Sedgkr, 
Staffordshire,  1826,  working  there  during  the  dtokn 
epidemic  of  1832;  incumbent  of  Alderley,  1887;  vaolorQl 
Kingswinford,  1846-77,  where  he  faced  a  seoond  cholBa 
epidemic:  published  commentary  on  New  Testimat, 
1832-5,  and  Old  Testament,  1842.  [xxi  SM] 

GIRDLSSTONB,  EDWARD  (1806-1884),  oanoa  o( 
Bristol ;  brother  of  Charles  Girdlestone  [q.  ▼.]  ;  icfaoiar  of 
Balliol  CoUege,  Oxford,  1823  ;  MJ^.,  1829 ;  vicar  of  Desae, 
1830 ;  canon  of  Bristol,  1864 ;  vicar  of  Waplfy,Gloac«ta^ 
shire,  1858,  of  Halberton,  Devonshire,  1862,  of  Olvcafeoo, 
Gloucestershire,  1872 :  called  *  the  Agricultural  laboazen' 
Friend  * ;  published  controversial  works.         [xxt  SN] 

GHLDLSSTONB,  JOHN  LANG  (1768-1826X  elassiol 
translator:  fellow  of  Cains  College,  Cambridge;  MJL, 
1789 ;  master  of  Beccles  8oho(ri ;  translator  of  Piodir, 
1810.  [xxi.  SM] 

GIRDLBSTONB,  THOMAS  (1758-1822X  trauilstar 
of  Anacreon:  army  doctor  at  Minorca  and  in  Indk; 
practised  thirty-seven  years  at  Great  Yarmooth :  trsiu- 
lated  Anacreon,  1808 :  published  medical  essays  ud  • 
work  to  prove  that  Arthur  Lee  wrote  *  Joniai,*  1818. 

[zxL  896] 

GIBIING.    MARY  ANNE  (1827-1886),  fooader  of 

*  The  People  of  God  *  sect ;  daughter  of  one  C^oatiDg,  t  Suf- 
folk farmer ;  married  George  Stanton  QirUng  ;  pradiinal 
herself  to  be  a  new  incamati<m  of  the  Deity,  1861:  Md 
meeUngs  in  Battersea,  1870 ;  her  conunaai^  tnuutasd 
to  New  Forest  Lodge,  purchased  for  them  by  Misf  Wood, 
1872:  ejected  vrith  her  followers,  1873;  obtained  IMsi 
Farm,  Hordle,  Hampshire,  1879,  wbenoe  sbe  issued  'n( 
Close  of  the  DispensaUon;  1888,  signed  *  Jena  Fint  lad 
Last'  [xxL  SN] 

Gntror.  THOMAS  (I776-I8O2),  wate^coloar  painter: 
imprisoned  for  refusing  to  serve  out  his  indentoref  vatia 
Edward  Dayes  [q.  v.]  ;  made  a  sketdiing  tour  vftb 
Turner,  1/98:  first  exhibited  at  Royal  Ao^coqr,  1394: 
sent  to  the  Royal  Academy  ten  drawings,  inclodiogTievi 
of  York  and  St.  Cuthbort's,  Holy  IsUnd,  1797;  eoDtri- 
buted  fifteen    topographical    sketches   to  J.    Wtlko^ 

*  Itinerant':  member  of  the  first  London  AetcfaiDf' 
society ;  exhibited  *  Bolton  Bridge,'  an  oil-paintiBg.  18B1; 
drew  and  etchel  for  Lord  Essex  twenty  sketcba  of  Paii% 
1802  and  panorama  of  London  from  south  sidedBlid^ 
friar's  Bridge :  founder  of  modem  water-ookxir  painUi^ 
as  diiitinct  from  *  tinting ' ;  examples  of  his  woric  pi^ 
served  in  the  British  Museum  and  at  South  KensiiiftM. 

[XXL8I7] 
GISA  or  GISO,  sometimes  *Gi]a*  (d.  1088%  Uibopef 
\Ve\U :  native  of  diocese  of  Li^e ;  onaphdn  of  Bdm 
the  Confessor ;  bishop  of  Wells,  1060 ;  on  return  froi 
Rome  with  Tostig  and  Archbishop  Ealdred,  robbed  bj 
brigands:  complained  in  his  *Ht8toriola'  of  HaroU^ 
treatment ;  recovered  manor  of  Winshamfrom  WilUtnl; 
made  his  canons  conform  to  Metz  rule  uxi  live  togcttxr 
in  Lotharingian  fashion.  [xxL  399] 

GISBORNE,  JOHN  (1770-1861),  poet;  educated  at 
Harrow:  B.A.  St  John's  College,  Cambridge,  ITtf: 
called  the  *Man  of  Prayer*:  published  *Tbe  Ysla" 
Wever,*  1797,  and  '  ReflecUons.'  [xxL  400] 

GI8B0BNE,  MARIA  (1770-1886X  Mend  of  Shdkf: 
ide  James  :  brought  up  at  Constantiaofde  by  her  fstber: 
refused  William  Godwin :  married  John  Qisbone,  IttOj 
lived  in  lUly;  SheUey's  'Letter  to  Maria  6i«tei^ 
written  during  her  visit  to  England,  1820;  introdow 
Shelley  to  the  study  of  Calderon.  [xxL  401] 

OISBOBKE,  THOMAS  (d.  1806X  president  of  OoOf 
of  Physicians :  fellow  of  St.  John's  Ooltage,  Oamlici4f^: 
UJ^.,  1751 :  M.D.,  1768  ;  F.RA,  1769 ;  physician  to ». 
George's  Hospital,  1767-81 :  Golstonian  lecturer,  !<<{: 
president,  CoUege  of  Physicians,  1791,  1794,  ITlMW): 
physician  in  oidhiary  to  the  king.  £xxi  40lj 


GISBORNE  499  GLADSTONE 


rewB,   1599:    biahop  of  Caithness,  1600;   privy 

ir  of  SootUod,  160S;   oonaeorated  archbishop  of 

rewB,  1611 ;  attended  Hampton  Ooort  conference; 

reiDOTal  of  Andrew  Mdville  [q.  v.],  principal  of 


i83:    prebendary  of   Durham,  18M  and  1886;  colonies,  with  special  miaaion  to  louian  islands,  and  toUed 

Wdliara  WUberforoe ;  published  •  Prlndplea  of  to  quell  agitation  for  their  incorporation  with  Graek 

hilosophy,*  1789,  *  Walks  in  a  Forest,'  1794,  and  kingdom  instead  of  remaining  under  British  protecto- 

»^-                                                       [xxi.  401]  rate,  1868-69  ;  spoke  in  favour  of  DisraeU's  first  reform 

10B»E,    THOMAS,   the   younger    (1794-1862X  Sii^?SlL!?*"S^tl^nL5* ^illS^  "^^  ^'^  ^''^T 

Q-  «m  of  Thomas  Qisborne  the  elder  To   v  1  •  .     **»  ^  ,r^^ '   introduced  budget,  and  was  successful 

p  f«r^tSf«S  iStfLl^S^rSlJr^  im^'tI  ^^  upholding  commercial   treaty    with    Pranoe  (1869). 

ii^^^K^Lh2!^IS^jf^^,}^i:U  reducing  taxes  on  articles  of  fbid,  and  ^tSg  excb^ 

m^^oSSL\1^       '    ^"*^  Vxxf-^l  l""^  "^  ^'^^P*"  «'  eatlng-ho^  but  SSfto  lS„« 

»  Agricmture,  i»m.                            [xxi.40S]  jjouse  of  Lords  to  repeal  paper  duty,  18«0:  lord  rwtor 

ItFRHB,  WALTER  OF  (/.  1300).    [See  Hkmino-  ?f  Edinburgh  University,  1860;   introduced  and  passed 

vy         J.    L««             u  p^^  Q^^  Savings  Bank  Bill,  1861 ;  succeeded  in  r^il- 

novana    rmfiono  /^    i«i«x         uu,  w        ^  ^  P»P«  duty  by  including  all  taxation  proposals  in 

DBTA^XS,  GEORGE  (d.   1616),  archbishop  of  one  money  biU  which  had  to  be  accepted  or  rejected 

ITP '  .rC^  ®^  Andrews,  1680 ;  minister  snooee-  in  its  entirety  by  House  of  Lords,  1861 ;  published,  with 

[  St.  Cyrus,  Arbirlot,  and  (1697)  St.  Andrews ;  Lord  Lyttelton,  joint  volume  of  »  TranslaUons,*   1868  • 

of  general  assembly ;  one  of  the  three  clerical  supported  reform  bill  moved  by  (Sir)  Edward  Balnea 

lativo  in   parliament,  1698 ;    vioe^jhanoeUor  of  [q.  v.],  1864 ;  opposed  bill  for  removing  theological  tota 

for  university  degrees,  1866;  M.P.,  South  Lancashire, 
1866-8 ;  chancellor  of  exchequer  and  leader  of  House  of 
Onumonson  Palmerston's  death,  1866 ;  intrtxiuoed  govern- 

_.        .^      ,^„^            - ment's  reform  bill,  which  failed  to  pass  in  committee,  and 

rewa   University,  1606 ;    permanent  moderator,  occasioned  resignation  of  government,  1866 ;  introduoed 

[xxi.  403]  budget,  pointing  out  importance  of  paymg  off  n,t»j«ift] 

D8TAHES,    JOHN  (d.    1674).   Scottish  judge:  debt,  1866  ;  propoeed  succesrful  amendments  to  DisraeU'a 

tns  Paaperum,*  1834 ;  loni  of  session,  1646 ;  LL.D.  "*^5™  ^^.J^?*  :  leader  of  liberal  party  in  succession  to 

[xxi  406]  ^^  Russell,  1867 ;  supported  bill  to  abolish  oompnlsoty 
D8T0HZ,  Sir  JOHN,  first  baronet  (1764-1861),  ^^9^  ^}f\^?^'i  A"^?*^'*"?  ™°^*^  resolutions  em- 
>l  merchant ;  partner  in  Gorrie  A  Co. ;  despatched  S?df  ^  principle  of  Irish  church  disestablishment,  1868 ; 
sd  to  Calcutta  on  the  opoiilng  up  of  the  trade  ^'\'  ^^  Greenwich,  1868-74  and  1874-80 ;  prime  minis- 
Ua ;  became  sole  proprietor  of  his  firm  and  took  ^  '°'  *^  ^"'  '^^^  ^®®®»  ^^  ministry  including  Robert 
xn  into  the  business ;  acquired  large  East  Indian  ^,^«  (afterwards  Viscount  Sherbrooke)  [q.  v.]  as  ohan- 
becmme  also  West  Indian  merchant,  defending  ?^  «  ^*^^^^^lJ?l^  Bright  [q.  v.]  as  president  of 
he  slave-trade  agahist  James  (Jroppcr  [q.  v.] ;  °<*^  ™  ^'^de.  Sir  William  Page  Wood  (afterwards  Baron 
1830)  *  Statement  of  Pacts  connected  wiUi  the  Hatherley)  [q.  v.]  as  chancellor,  and  Edward  (afterwards 
state  of  Slavery ' ;  chief  supporter  of  Ctonlng  at  ^arou)  CardweU  [q.  v.]  as  secretary  for  war ;  introduoed 
d,  1812 ;  Oanningite  M.P.,  Lancaster,  1818,  Wood-  and  passed  Irish  Church  Disestablishment  Bill.  1869 ; 
BO.  and  Berwick,  1826-7 ;  wrote  against  i«peal  published  *  J  uventus  Mundl.*  1869 ;  passed  first  Irish  land 
om  laws,  but  was  ultimately  convinced  by  Peel :  ^^  ^^^^  •  pw»u«d  by  royal  warrant  abolition  of  pur- 
auonet,  1846 ;  benebtctor  of  reUgious  and  charit-  ^^  ^^^  "™y»  1871 ;  passed  university  test  blU,  1871 ; 
itations  at  Leith  and  LiverpooL  [xxL  406]  appointed  commission  to  discuss  claims  of  American  go- 
vernment for  damages  caused  by  cruiaers  fitted  oat  at 
D8T0HX.  WILLIAM  EWART  (1809-1898).  British  ports  during  civil  war.  1871 ;  passed  ballot  bUl, 
\a  and  author ;  son  of  (Sir)  John  Gladstone  1872  ;  introduced  Irish  University  Bill  proposing  found»- 
adooated  at  Eton  and  Christ  Church.  Oxford ;  tion  of  an  undenominational  university  in  Ireland,  1873, 
t  of  the  Oxford  Union  Society.  1830 ;  double  first  and  resigned  on  its  rejection  at  second  reading ;  resunwd 
08  and  mathematics,  1831 ;  conservative  M.P.  for  office  on  DLsraeli's  refusal  to  form  ministry,  1873,  and, 
1832, 1836.  and,  1837,  and  again  1841-6  ;  entered  while  retaining  first  lordship  of  treasury,  took  chanoeUor- 
•  Inn,  1833 ;  made  first  important  speech,  1833,  ship  of  the  exchequer  without  resigning  seat  as  member 
g  'gradual'  emancipation  of  slaves ;  successfully  for  Greenwich  ;  resigned  office  on  defeat  of  his  party  at 
appropriation  clause  in  Irish  church  temporali-  the  general  election.  1874,  and  was  succeeded  by  Disraeli 
183S ;  junior  lord  of  treasury  in  Sir  Robert  Peel's  (afterwards  Lord  Beaconsfield) ;  resigned  leadership  of 
linistration,  1834 ;  under-Beoretary  for  war  and  liberal  party,  1876  ;  vehemently  denounced  Turkish  out- 
in  the  same  government,  1836 ;  published  '  The  rages  in  Bulgaria  and  advocated  alliance  of  England  and 
Ita  Relations  with  the  Church,'  1838.  and  'Church  Russia  to  secure  independence  of  the  sultan's  Christian 
s  ocmsklered  in  their  Results.'  1840 ;  took  part  in  provinces,  1876  ;  published  *  Homeric  Synchronism,*  1876  ; 
;  Trinity  OiUege,  Glenalmond,  1840  ;  opposed  first  advocated,  unsuccessfully,  coercion  of  the  Porte  by  united 
ar  with  China,  1840 ;  vice-president  of  board  of  Europe,  1877-8 ;  lord  rector  of  Glasgow.  1877 ;  spoke  vehe- 
d  master  of  mint  in  Sir  Robert  Peel's  second  meutly  against  Afghan  policy  of  the  government,  1878 ; 
rataooL.  1841 ;  privy  oounciUor.  1841 ;  took  charge  conducted  political  campaign  in  Midlothian,  condemning 
OS  biiC  1842 ;  became  president  of  board  of  trade  the  aggressive  imperialism  of  the  prime  minister,  but  dia- 
led Sir  Robert  Peel's  cabinet.  1843 ;  introduced  sociating  himself  from  the  doctrines  of  the  Manchester 
led  first  general  railway  bill  providing  '  parlia-  school  and  of  peace  at  any  price.  1879-80  ;  M.P.  for  Mid- 
'  trains.  1844  ;  resigned  office  owing  to  his  disap-  lothian,  1880-96  ;  prime  minister  for  the  second  time  after 
f  proposed  increase  of  Maynooth  College  grant,  Beaconsfield's  defeat  at  the  general  election.  1880 ;  also 
ibliflbed  '  Remarks  on  Recent  Commercial  Legis-  held  office  of  chancellor  of  the  exchequer,  1880-2  ;  sup- 
846  :  accepted  Peel's  policy  of  repealing  the  corn  ported  Irish  Compensation  foi  Disturbance  Bill,  1880 ; 
came  secretary  of  state  for  colonies  in  succession  succeeded  in  passing  Irish  coercion  bill,  1881 ;  announced, 
Stanley,  who  seceded  from  ministry  as  a  pro-  after  defeat  of  British  army  at  Majuba  Hill,  conditions  of 
t^  1846-6 ;  vacated  seat  for  Newark  on  taking  peace  with  Transvaal,  which  provided  for  the  maintenance 
1  did  not  sedE  re-election ;  remained  out  of  parlia-  of  British  suzerainty,  self-government  for  burghers,  and 
•oagh  1846 ;  *Peelite'  M.P.for  Oxford  University,  British  control  of  foreign  relations,  1881 ;  introduced  and 
opposed  Palmerston's  Greek  policy,  1860 ;  visited  passed  second  Irish  land  bill,  proposing  to  institute  a  land 
na  published  letters  condemning  the  atrocities  court  for  fixing  judicial  rents,  1881 ;  introduced  and 
ted  by  Ferdinand,  king  of  the  Two  Sicilies,  1861 ;  passed  Irish  Arrears  Bill,  proposing  to  wipe  out  arreara 
Boctedastical  Titles  Bill,  1861 ;  chancellor  of  ex-  of  rent  in  Lrelaad  altogether  where  tenants  were  unable 
in  Aberdeen's  coalition  miniart;ry,  1862-6 ;  Intro-  to  pay  them,  1882 ;  adopted  policy  that  it  was  duty  of 
id  paraed  his  first  budget,  suggesting  progressive  •  British  government  to  relieve  Egyptian  people  from  mili- 
1  of  income  tax  and  extension  of  legacy  duty,  tary  tyranny  of  Arabi  Pasha,  1882 ;  supported  military 
ume  of  sncceasion  duty,  to  real  property,  1863  ;  campaign  in  Egypt ;  gave  up  chancellorship  of  exchequer 
in  second  budget,  1864 ;  resigned  office  on  Pal-  ,  to  Hugh  C.  E.  Childers  [q.  v.],  1882 ;  successfully  oom- 
becomiug  prime  minister,  1866;  supported  Cobden  bated  two  votes  of  censure  in  House  of  Commons  ou 

kk2 


GLADWIN 


500 


aiiASOooK: 


Egyptian  policy,  1888 ;  Introdaoed  bill  for  exteoBion  of 
franchise  to  agrlcoltaral  laboarers  and  others,  which 
paseed  Commons,  bat  was  only  accepted  by  Lords  after 
much  hesitation,  on  condition  that  Oladstona  passed 
simoltaneously  a  bill  for  redistribution  of  seats,  1884 ;  ad- 
versely criticised  for  his  failure  to  resoae  Gordon,  and  for 
his  policy  of  abandonment  of  Soudan  to  the  Mabdi,  1884 ; 
resigned  office  on  passing  of  amendment  oppoelnflr  points 
in  budget  bill,  1885  ;  declined  offer  of  earldom,  1885  ;  was 
succeeded  as  prime  minister  by  Lord  Salisbury,  who,  how- 
ever, failed  to  obtain  a  majority  for  his  party  at  general 
election  at  the  end  of  1885 ;  on  defeat  of  conservatives  in 
Hoaae  of  Commons  early  in  1886,  and  the  resignation  of 
Lord  Salisbury,  Gladstone  formed  ministry  for  the  third 
time,  which  included  Lord  Rosebeiy  in  foreign  office. 
Lord  Granville  as  colonial  seoretanr,  Mr.  John  Morley  as 
chief  secretary  for  Ireland,  and  Mr.  Chamberlain  (who 
resigned  on  introduction  of  Home  Rule  Bill)  as  president 
of  local  government  board ;  brought  in  Home  Rule  Bill, 
8  April  1886,  proposing  to  create  legislative  body  to  sit  at 
Dublin  for  dealing  with  affairs  exclusively  Irish,  but  re- 
serving to  British  government  certain  powers  affecting 
the  crown,  army,  navy,  and  toreiga  or  colonial  relatioas ; 
introduced  Irish  Land  Purchase  Bill,  which  passed  only 
first  reading,  16  April  1886 ;  appealed  to  country  on  re- 
jection of  Home  Rule  Bill  on  second  reading,  7  June  1886 ; 
resigned  office  with  rest  of  cabinet  after  general  election 
declared  against  home  rule,  SO  July  1886  ;  continued  to 
advocate  his  Irish  policy  in  session,  1887-92  ;  member  of 
select  oommictee  appointed  by  House  of  Commons  to 
consider  Queen  Victoria's  message  asking  for  additional 
grants  for  maintenance  of  royal  family,  1889  ;  advocated 
Newcastle  programme  of  radical  reforms,  1891 ;  on  the 
defeat  of  Lord  Salisbury's  government  at  general  elec- 
tion <^  189S,  became  prime  minister  for  the  fourth  and 
last  time:  also  held  office  of  lord  privy  seal,  189S,  his 
ministry  including  Lord  Rosebery,  Mr.  Asquith  as  home 
secreta^,  and  Sir  Edward  Grey,  ander-secretary  for 
foreign  affairs;  introduced,  IS  ¥eb.  1893,  second  Home 
Rule  Bill,  which,  after  paming  the  Commons,  was  rejected 
by  419  to  41  in  House  of  Lords,  8  Sept.  1893  ;  made,  in 
support  of  purlsh  councils  bill,  his  last  speech  in  House 
of  Commons,  1  March  1894  ;  resigned  office  of  prime  minis- 
ter, 3  March  1894 :  founded  St.  Deiniol's  library  for  theo- 
logical students  at  Hawarden,  1896 ;  urged  right  and 
neoMsity  of  British  intervention  in  Armenia,  1895-6 : 
published  editions  of  Butler's  '  Analogy,*  *  Sermons,'  and 

*  Studies  Subsidiary  to  Works  of  Bishop  Butler,'  1896  : 
delivered  his  last  speech  at  opening  of  Victoria  Jubilee 
Bridge  over  Dee,  S  June  1897 ;  died  at  Hawarden  19  May 
1898 ;  buried  in  Westminster  Abbey. 

Gladstone's  contributions  to  magazines  were  collected, 
onder  title  'Gleanings  from  Past  Years,*  1879-90,  8  vols. 
His  portrait  by  Millais,  1879,  is  in  the  National  Portrait 
Gallery.  As  an  orator  Gladstone's  only  contemporary 
rival  was  John  Bright.  As  a  financier  he  can  only  be 
compared  with  Walpole,  Pitt,  and  Peel.  [SuppL  ii.  S80] 

OLADWIK,  FRANCIS  (d.  1818  ?),  orientalist :  of  the 
Bengal  army ;  commissary  resident  at  Patna,  1808 :  under 
patronage   of   Warren   Hastings,  issued  translation  of 

*  Institutes  of  the  Emperor  Akbar,'  1783-6,  and  a  Persian- 
Hindustani-Bnglish  dictionary,  1809.  [xxL  407] 

OT.AinffTB,  Baronb.  [See  Lton,  John,  seventh 
Barox,  1610  7-1558;  Lton,  Patrick,  eighth  Baron,  tf. 
1578.] 

0LAKXI8,  Ladt  (<f.  15S7).    [See  Douolas,  Janrt.] 

GTiAMMTH,  Mastir  of  (d.  1608).  [See  Lton,  Sir 
Thomas.] 

OLAMOBOAir,  titular  Earl  of  (1601-1667).  [See 
SoxHRSKT,  Edward,  seoond  Marquis  of  Worcestrr.] 

GLAHVILL,  JOHN  (1664  7-1735).  poet  and  translator  ; 
grandson  of  Sir  John  Glanville  the  younger  [q.  v.]  ;  M.A. 
Trinity  College,  Oxford,  1686  ;  barrister,  Lincoln's  Inn  ; 
translated,  among  other  works,  Fontenelle's  *  Plurality  of 
WorldV  1688.  [xxl.  407] 

OLANYILL,  JOSEPH  (1636-1680X  divine;  B.A. 
Exeter  College,  Oxford,  1665 ;  M.A.  Lincoln  College,  1658 ; 
rector  of  the  Abbey  (Thurch,  Bath,  1666-80,  and  other 
i)eiieficofl  ;  an  admirer  of  Baxter,  whom  he  excepted  from 
liix  attaclcs  on  nonconformists  in  *The  Zealous  and  Im- 
pnrtial  Protestant,'  1681 ;  an  original  F.R.S^  1664 :  at- 
tacked tlie  scholastic  philosophy  in  *The  Vanity  of 
Dogmatizing '  (1661),  a  work  containing  the  story  of  the 


*  Scholar  Gipsy* ;  defended  the  pre^xistenoe  of  sooii  ia 

*  Lux  Orientalis,'  166S,  and  the  bdief  in  witcfacnft  in 
'Philosophical  considerations  touching  Witches  aad 
Witchcraft,'  1666,  generally  known  as  *Saddaciimi» 
Trinmphatus.'  [xxL  ¥X] 

GLAHYILLE,  BARTHOLOMEW  DS  (/.  1230-lSSO). 
minorite  friar :  properly  known  as  Bartholohkw  Axgli- 
cus,  the  addition  de  Glanville  being  most  uncertain ;  pro- 
fessor of  theology  at  Paris ;  went  to  Saxony,  ISSL,  in  tbe 
interests  of  his  order ;  author  of  ^  De  Proprietatibos  Beram; 
the  encydopsedia  of  the  middle  ages,  first  printed,  c  1470, 
at  Basle;  an  English  venricMi  by  JoAm  of  Tr^  vwi 
issued  by  Wynkyn  de  Worde,  c.  1495.  [xxL  4W] 

GLANVILLE,  GILBERT  dr  (d.  1S14X  bishop  o( 
Rochester,  1186 ;  one  of  Becket's  scholars  ;  arcbdesoon  ^ 
Lisieux,  1184 ;  bishop  of  Rochester,  1185 ;  one  of  theem- 
tMtssy  to  Philip  Augustus  of  France,  1186 ;  preadMd  the 
crusade  at  Geddington,  1188;  supported  Longchanp 
against  Prince  John ;  summoned  by  Richard  I  to  Qe^ 
many,  1193 :  excommunicated  Prince  John  on  retorsion 
1194 :  fled  from  King  John,  1907 ;  absolved  Soots  frco 
homage  to  him,  ISIS.  [xxi.  411] 

OLAHYILLE,  Sir  JOHN,  the  elder  (164S-1600).  jodse ; 
the  first  attorney  who  reached  the  ben<di;  barriiter, 
Lincoln's  Inn,  1574 :  serjeant-at-law,  1589 ;  M.P.,  laoo- 
ceston,  1585,  Tavistock,  1586,  and  St.  Germans,  ISSt; 
judge  of  common  pleas,  1598.  [xxi.  411] 

OLAHYILLE,  Sir  JOHN,  the  yoanger  (l^^^l MIX  » 
jeant ;  son  of  Sir  Jcbn  Glanville  the  dder ;  barrister,  Lio- 
ooln's  Inn,  e.  1610  :  M.P.,  Plymouth,  1614, 16S0, 16S3, 16Si, 
16S6,  and  16S8;  opposed  the  crown:  prepared  protestaniut 
dissolution,  16S5  ;  secretary  to  the  council  oif  war  at  GmSi, 
16S5 ;  took  leading  part  in  Buckingham's  impeachnfflt, 
16S6-8 :  eminent  as  counsel ;  recorder  of  Plymouth,  1614; 
of  Bristol,  1688 ;  Serjeant,  1687 ;  M.P.,  Bristol ;  speafarof 
the  Short  parliament,  1640 ;  knighted,  1641 :  D.(XL  Ox- 
ford, 1643 ;  tried  Northumberland  and  oUier  men: 
disabled  and  imprisoned  by  parliament,  1645-8;  M^.fbr 
Oxford  Universi^  under  Commonwealth.       [xxL  412] 

GLANVILLE,  RANULF  dr  (<f.  1190X  chief  jmtidtf 
of  England;  sheriff  of  Yorkshire,  1163-70,  and  1174-89: 
as  sheriff  of  Lancashire,  defeated  Scots  at  Alnwiok,snd 
captured  William  the  Lion,  1174 ;  ambassador  to  Fbodcn, 
1177 ;  justice-in-eyre  and  a  member  of  the  permsnest 
royal  court,  1178 ;  as  justiciar  of  EngUnd,  1189-9.  vis 
Henry  II's '  eye,*  fighting  and  negotiating  with  the  Wd3h 
and  French,  and  helping  the  king  against  his  sons :  vent 
with  Richard  I  on  crusade,  1190,  and  died  at  Acre.  Tbe 
authorship  of  *  Treatise  on  tbe  Laws  and  Customs  of  &>?- 
land  *  has  been  doubtfully  ascribed  to  him  on  tbe  evifdotoe 
of  Roger  of  Horeden.  [xxL  413] 

OLAPTHOBNS,  HENRT  (/.  1689X  dramatist:  pob- 
lished  *Argalns  and  Parthenia,*  1639,  and  *Albert» 
Wallenstdn,'  1689  (tragediesX  *  The  HoUander,'  1640, '  Wit 
in  a  Constable,'  1640,  and  '  The  Ladies  Priviledge,'  IMO 
(comedieaX  and  *  Poems,'  1639 ;  dedicated  *  WhitefaaU*  to 
Lovelace,  164S ;  his  works  collected,  1874.         xxL  41S] 

GLAS,  GEORGE  (17S5-1765).  mariner  ;  son  of  Jobs 
Glas  [q.  v.] ;  discovered  between  Cape  Verde  and  Seoepl 
a  river,  which  he  thought  suitable  for  a  settlement:  ob- 
tained promise  of  a  govemmoit  grant  in  exdiange  for  a 
free  cession  to  tbe  British  crown ;  fonnded  the  settbrneot, 
naming  it  Port  Hillsborough,  1764;  imprisoned  b; 
Spaniards  at  Teneriffe  for  contraband  trading:  mur- 
dered on  his  way  home;  translated  from  Uie  Spsnisb 

*  Account  of  the  Discovery  and  History  of  tbe  (^snaritf. 
1764.  [XXL415] 

GLAS,  JOHN  (1695-1778),  founder  of  the  Olaasittf : 
M.A.  St.  Andrews,  1718 ;  minister  of  Tealing,  Forfarshire* 
1719-S8,  when  he  was  deposed  by  tbe  geneiml  assembly  tor 
his 'Testimony  of  the  King  of  Martyrs*  (17S7):fariDeii. 
at  Dundee,  a  sect  of  independent  presbyterians ;  renovei 
to  Perth,  1773,  where  he  was  joined  by  Robert  SandeoisD 
[q.  v.],  afterwards  his  son-in-law ;  publisbed  an  editioo 
(with  translation) of  the  'True  Discourse '  of  (}dsQ8, 1753' 
and  many  other  works.  [xxL  417] 

OLASOOOE,  WILLIAM  NUGENT  (17877-184'). 
captain  in  the  navy ;  present  at  the  action  off  Finisterre, 
1805,  and  reduction  of  Flushing,  1809:  promoted  to  pdet* 
rank  and  specially  thanked  for  his  services  in  the  Dooro. 
1832-3;  chief  work* Naval  Service, or  OfBcen'  Manoftlf' 
1886.  [zzi.4U] 


GTiAflS 


501 


GTiViNIB 


J06BPH  (1791?-1867X  philanthropist;  re- 
!r  medftl  and  SOOI.  for  hiB  invention  of  the 
eqiing  machine  now  in  use.  [zxL  419] 

Sir  RIOHARD  ATWOOD  (1890-1878X 
er  of  telegraph  cables ;  educated  at  King^i 
ndon;  adapted  Blliot's  wire-rope  covering  to 
aibles,  1863 ;  saperintended  making  of  Atlantic 
866-6 :  knighted,  1866 ;  chairman  of  Anglo- 
telegraph  Company ;  M.P^  Bewdley,  1868-9. 

f  xxL  419] 
THOMAS  (d.  1786).  physician ;  M.D.  Leyden, 
tiaed  at  Exeter;  imparted  to  his  brother 
Oxford)  the  process  for  preparing  magnesia 
«rds  perfected  and  applied  by  him ;  authority 
on  for  smallpox ;  published  medical  works. 

[xxi.  419] 
C,  GBOROB  HENRY  (1761-1809),  chusic 
:  son  of  Samuel  Glasse  [q.  t.]  ;  M.A.  Christ 
lord,  1783 ;  rector  of  HanweU,  1786 ;  chaplain 
of  the  Earl  of  Radnor,  Duke  of  Cambridge, 
f  Sefton:  rendered  *  Samson  Agouistes'  into 
;  translated  *  L'Inoonnue,  Histoire  Ydritable. 
;  dealing  with  the  lady  of  ttie  Haystack 
01 ;  spent  a  fortune ;  committed  suidde. 

[xxL490] 
E,  HA2^AH  (A  1747),  author  of  'The 
eery  made  Plain  and  Easy,*  1747,  *  The  Com- 
ctioner  *  [1770],  and  *  The  Servants  DLreotonr, 
eper*B  Craipanion,*  1770 ;  habit-maker  to  the 
Tales.  1767.  [xxL  430] 

S.  SAMUEL  (1786-181SX  theologian;  edn- 
Irestnunster  ;  M.A.  Christ  Church,  Oxford, 
1769  ;  F.R.S.,  1764 ;  chaplain  in  ordinary  to 
1773  ;  rector  of  Hanwell ;  vicar  of  Epsom, 
itead,  1786 ;  prebendary  of  St.  Paul's,  1798 ; 
iishop  Home  ;  author  of  a  work  advocating 
ooU,  1786.  [xxi.  431] 

POBD,  JAMES  (d.  1846X  legal  writer  and 
son  of  John  Glassford  [q.  v.] ;  sheriff-depute 
tonshire  ;  a  oommiasioner  to  inquire  into  Irish 
1834-6 ;  published  '  Remarks  on  the  Oon- 
od  Procedure  of  the  Scottish  Courts,*  1813, 
Principles  of  Evidence,*  1813,  translations  from 
the  Italian  poets.  [xxL  433] 

PORD,  JOHN  (1716-1783),  tobacco  merchant 
«mcr :  bailie  of  Glasgow,  1761 ;  purchased 
,  Dumbartonshire.  [xxi.  433] 

ONBVEY,  JOHN  of  (fl.  1400).  [See  John.] 

BROOK,   JAMES    (1744-180S),    divine;     a 

Uier,  who  came  under  the  inflneDoo  of  John 

Madeley  [q.  v.] ;  incumbent  of  St.  James's, 

vicar  of  Bolton,  Lancashire,  1796-1803 ;  pub- 

snce  of  Infant  Baptism,*  1781.         [xxi  433] 

BBOOK,  THOMAS  KIRKLAND  (1780-1866X 
>u  of  James  Glazebrook  [q.  v.]  ;  translated 
>t  eclogue,  1807,  and  published  poetical  works. 

[xxi.  433] 
ISV,  Count  (1838-1891).    [See  Victor.] 

,  GEORGE  (1763-1840X  bishop  of  Brechin ; 
A  King's  College,  Aberdeen;  thrice  elected 
>ankeld,  1786, 1793,  and  1808,  but  his  election 
ectoal  by  hostility  of  Bishop  Skinner ;  LLJ). 
bishop  of  Brechin,  180&-40  ;  as  primus,  1816- 
▼oared  to  secure  regium  dmum ;  contributed 
articles  to  the  *  EncyclopaBdia  Britannica  *  (3rd 
d  edited  the  last  six  volumes,  and  (1801)  wrote 
te  '  Supplement  * ;  published  '  life*  of  Principal 
ibertaoo,  1818, and  edited  Stackhouse's  '  History 
^*  1817.  [xxi.  433] 

,  GEORGE  ROBERT  (1796-1888X  chaplain- 
the  forces ;  son  of  George  Gleig  [q.  v.]  ;  at 
nd  Balliol  College,  Oxford;  served  with  the 
e  Peninsula,  1813-14 ;  wounded  at  Nivelle  and 
od  in  the  American  war  of  1814 ;  B.A.  Mag- 
Oxford,  1818  ;  took  orders,  1830 ;  M.A.,  1821 ; 
;arate  of  Ash,  and  rector  of  Ivy  Church,  1833 ; 
f  Chelsea  Hospital,  1834 ;  chaplain-general  of 
1844-76  ;  contributed  to  the  'Quarterly,' '  Edin- 
flackwood,'  and  'Fraser'  magazines;  wrote 
item*  for  'Blackwood,*  1886 ;  published  'The 


Story  of  Waterloo,*  1847, '  Lives  of  Military  Commanders,* 
1831,  biographies  of  Warren  HastUigs  (1841),  Olive  (1848), 
and  Wellington  (1868),  and  'Chelsea  Pensioners,*  1889, 
with  other  works.  [xxi.  484] 


OLZXHAK,  EDWARD  (/.  1690-1694%  vc^ager ;  of 
Benhall,  SafPolk ;  In  his  ship  the  Edward  and  Constance 
destroyed  two  Spanish  vessels,  repulsed  four  gaUqrs,  and 
captoriod  a  rich  Venetian  merchant  ship,  1690;  made 
second  voyage:  his  adventures  described  in  black-letter 
pamphlets  (reprinted,  1839  and  1866).  [xxL  436] 


GLEMHAH,  Sm  THOMAS  (<f.  1649?%  royalist; 
knighted,  1617 ;  M  J".,  Aldeburgh,  in  the  first  two  parlia- 
ments of  Charles  I ;  served  on  the  continent  and  in  first 
Scottish  war;  commandant  of  York,  1643  and  1644; 
capitulated,  1644 ;  tried  to  hold  Carlisle  against  the  Scots, 
1646,  and  to  defend  Oxford ;  took  part  in  the  second  civil 
war  till  Musgrave's  seizure  of  Carlisle,  1648.    [xxi.  436] 

OXJEir,  ANDREW  (1666-1733),  botanist:  MA..  Jesus 
College,  Cambridge,  1687 :  rector  of  Hathem,  Leicester- 
shire :  formed  an  herbarium,  1686,  including  two  hundred 
foreign  plants,  to  which  he  made  additions  at  Turin,  1698. 

[xxi.  487] 

OXJEir,  WILUAM  (1789-1896X  Scottish  poet;  pub- 
lished *  Poems,  chiefly  Lyrical,'  1816,  including  '  Wae*s  me 
for  Prince  Charlie '  ^>d  other  love  and  war  songs. 

[xxi.  487] 

GLSVBBBVIE,  Baron  (1748-1888).    [See  Do(70la8. 

8TLYS8TKR.] 

OLEVOAIBH,  Earus  ov.  [See  CaxmNOHAM,  Alkx- 
AiniBS,  first  Earl,  d.  1488 ;  Cunningham,  Alkxandkr, 
fifth  Earl,  d.  1674 ;  Cunninoham,  Welliam,  fourth  Earl, 
d.  1647;  Cunningham,  William,  ninth  Earl,  1610?- 
1664.] 

OLEN0OB8B,  Lord  (1810-1891).  [See  Inglis,  John.] 

OLBVSOWER,  OWEN  (18697-1416?)  (Owain  ab 
GrufftddX  Welsh  rebel :  lord  of  Glyndwr  and  Sycharth ; 
claimed  descent  from  Bleddyn  ab  Cynvyn  and  from 
Llewelyn;  studied  law  at  Westminster;  served  with 
Richard  II  against  the  Scots,  1386;  Mritness  in  suit  of 
Scrope  V.  Grosvenor,  1386 ;  as  squire  to  Earl  of  Arundel 
served  Henry  of  Lancaster,  but  headed  Welsh  rebellion 
against  him  on  his  acoessioQ  as  Henry  lY ;  assumed  title 
of  'Prince  of  Wales*;  his  estates  granted  by  Henry  lY 
to  John  Beaufort,  eari  of  Somerset  [q.  v.] ;  invaded  South 
Wales,  and  harassed  the  royal  army  in  the  north  ;  repulsed 
before  Carnarvon,  1401 ;  negotiatal  with  Northumberland 
for  peace,  but  at  the  same  time  appealed  for  help  to  Scot- 
land and  the  Irish  lords;  captured  Reginald  de  Grey 
[q.  v.]  and  Sir  Edmund  Mortimer  at  Pilleth,1403 ;  bafBed 
the  English  army  and  released  Mortimer  after  marrying 
him  to  his  daughter,  November  1403 ;  his  chief  residences 
burnt  by  Prince  Henry,  1403;  took  Carmarthen,  Usk, 
Caerleon,  and  Newport,  failed  to  join  the  Perdes  at 
Shrewsbury,  1408;  ravaged  English  border;  aided  by 
French  and  Bretons  captured  Harlech  and  CardiflP,  1404  ; 
concluded  an  alliance  with  France,  1406:  recognised 
Benedict  XIII  as  pope,  1405  ;  summoned  a  Welsh  parlia- 
ment, 1406 ;  probably  formed  his  alliance  vdth  Mortimer 
and  Northumberland,  c  1406 ;  his  sons  captured  by  Prince 
Henry  ;  retook  Carmarthen  with  help  of  a  French  force, 
1406  ;  again  defeated,  1406  ;  deserted  by  Northumberland  ; 
lost  Aberystwith,  1407,  and  South  Wales,  1408 ;  his  wife 
and  relations  captured,  1413  ;  admitted  to  the  king's  grace 
and  obedience,  1416  ;  his  end  unknown.  [xxi.  487] 

GLBMBLO,  Baron  (1778-1866).  [See  Grant, 
Charlbs.] 

OLENHAK,  EDWARD  (A  1690-1694).  [See  Glbm- 
ham.] 

OLBMIE,  JAMES  (1760-1817),  matheniaUcian  ;  M.A. 
St.  Andrews ;  served  in  the  artillery  and  engineers  during 
the  American  war ;  elected  F.R.S.,  1779,  for  papers  written 
while  on  service ;  lieutenant,  1787 ;  retired,  1787 ;  emi- 
grated to  New  Brunswick,  and  became  member  of  House 
of  Assembly ;  on  return  to  England  appointed  engineer 
extraordinary  and  (1806)  instructor  to  East  India  Com- 
pany's artillery  officers;  dismissed  in  consequence  of 
evidence  in  Wardle  case,  1809 ;  died  in  poverty ;  pub- 
lished, among  other  works,  'Histoty  of  Gunnery,*  1776, 
'Doctrine of  Universal  Comparison,'  1789, 'The  Anteoe- 
dental  Calculus,*  1793,  and  '  Observations  on  Defence  of 
Great  Britain,'  1807.  [zxL  4M] 


GliENIiEE 


602 


GLYN 


OLBKLBE,  Baronr.     [See  Millkr,  Sir  Thomas, 
1717-1789 ;  Millkr,  Sir  William,  17H-184e.] 


OIEHHY,  OEOBGE  (179S-1874),  borUcaltanl  writer : 
edited  the  *  Royal  Lady's  Magazine  * ;  started  the  '  Horti- 
oaltoral  Joamal,'  18SS,  in  which  his  *  Proporties  of  Flowers  * 
first  appeared ;  edited  many  other  hortimiltural  papers, 
indudlng  *Glenny*B  Ahnanao '  (still  issoed) ;  a  soccetfKful 
grower  of  aoricolas,  dahlias,  and  tolipe ;  originated  If e- 
tropoUton  Society  of  Florists,  183S.  [xxi.  486] 

6LEV0B0HT,  YwcoirsTKaa  <  1741-1786).  [See 
Oampbkll,  Willielma.] 

OLIB80V,  FBANOIS  (1597-1677),  physician ;  ILA. 
Caius  Oolle^ge,  (Tambridge,  16S4 ;  incorporated  at  Chcford, 
1627 ;  M.D.  Oambridge,  1634 ;  itgios  professor  of  physic, 
Cambridge,  1636-77 ;  OiUstonian  lecturer,  1640 :  sent  oat  of 
Oolohestcr  to  ask  for  better  terms  daring  the  siege,  1648 ; 
an  original  F.R.S. ;  president,  College  of  Physicians,  1667- 
1669;  pabllshed  (1660)  ^Traotatus  de  Bachitide'  (the 
lUcketsX  almost  the  first  Rnglish  medical  monograph ; 

Sblisbed  also  ^Anatomia  Hepatis*  (1664),  from  which 
)  name  *■  Olisson's  capsnle '  was  ap)«lied  to  the  sheath  of 
the  liver.  [xxi.  437] 

GLOTJOBBTER,  Duxjeb  ov.  [See  Thomab  op  Wood- 
stock, 1356-1S97 ;  Humphrkt,  1891-1447 ;  Richard  in, 
146S-1486 :  Hexrt,  1639-1660  ;  William  Hskrt,  1743- 
1806 ;  Willlam  FRBDIbuck,  1776-1834.] 

OL0T7GB8TEB,  Duchess  op.  [See  Oobham,  Elea- 
nor.] 

OLOTTOSSTBB,  Sarlb  op.  [See  Glare,  Gilbert  db, 
sixth  Barl,  d.  1S30 ;  Glare,  Gilbert  dk,  eighth  Barl, 
1S4S-1896 ;  Glare,  Gilbsrt  de,  ninth  Earl,  1S91-1814 ; 
Glare,  Richard  db,  seventh  Barl,  1S22-1863 ;  Mont- 
hebmsr,  Ralph  de,  d.  18S6  ? ;  Disbpensbr,  Thomas  lb, 
1878-1400.] 

OLOT7GS8TBB,  lOLBS  db.  Earl  op  Herxpord  (d, 
1148),  sheriff  of  Gloacestenhire  and  Staffordshire  from 
1128 ;  justice  itinerant,  a  jostloe  of  tbe  forest,  and  royal 
constable  from  1128 ;  adhered  to  Stephen  till  1139,  when 
he  joined  Gloucester  in  inviting  the  Empress  Maud  to 
England  ;  relieved  Brian  Fitagoount  [q.  v.]  at  Walling- 
fbrd,  1139 ;  burnt  Worcester,  1189 ;  toolc  Hereford  Gastle, 
1189 ;  present  at  Lincoln,  1141 :  accompanied  the  em- 

?ress  to  Winchester  as  one  of  her  three  chief  sapporters, 
141 ;  fled  with  ho:  from  London,  and  persuaded  her  to 
return  to  Oxford  from  Gloucester,  1141 ;  received  as  a  re- 
ward the  earldom  and  castle  of  Hereford,  1141 ;  excom- 
municated by  the  bishop  of  Hereford  for  demiands  on 
church  lands,  1143 ;  slain  by  an  arrow  shot  at  a  deer. 

[xxL  488] 
OLOTTOESTER,  ROBERT  op  (/.  1860-1300).    [See 
Robert.] 

OLOVZB,  BOTER  (Jf.  1768-1771X  MogKletonian ; 
watohmalcer  ;  ocmtributed  to  *  Songs  of  Gratef  ull  Praise,* 
1794,  and  *  IMvine  Songs  of  the  Muggletonians,'  1829. 

[xxii.  1] 

OLOYEE,  GHARLES  WILLIAM  (1806-1863X  vio- 
linist and  composer  of  popular  songs ;  musical  director  at 
Queen's  Theatre,  1882.  [xxii.  1] 

OLOVBR,  EDMUND  (1813  ?.1860),  actor  and  mana- 
ger ;  sou  of  Julia  Glover  [q.  v.]  ;  took  '  leading  business  * 
under  Murray  at  Edinburgh,  1841-8 :  manager  for  Jeuny 
Lind  in  Scotland ;  leased  theaUes  at  Glasgow,  Paisley, 
and  Greenock ;  played  Othello  at  Edinburgh,  1850,  and 
Falkland,  1861 ;  alternated  Macbeth  and  Macduff  with 
Thomas  Powrie,  1866.  [xxU.  1] 


OLOVEB,  GEORGE  (/.  1626-1660),  early  English 
engraver ;  engraved  from  life  portraltA  of  eminent  con- 
temporaries ;  engraved  broadside  representing  Evans  the 
giant  porter,  Jeffery  Hudson  the  dwarf,  and  old  Thomas 
Parr.  [xxiL  2] 

OLOTBB,  JEAN  (1768-1801),  Scottish  poetess; 
daughter  of  a  Kilmarnock  weaver  and  vrife  of  a  stroUing 
player:  her  song  *Ower  the  Muir  among  the  Heather* 
catoD  down  by  Bums  from  her  singing.  [xxiL  2] 

OLOVBB,  JOHN  (1714-1774),  preacher;  author  of 
religious  pamphlets.  [xxii.  2] 

OLOYEE,  JOHN  (1767-1849),  landscape-painter: 
president  of  the  Water-ooloar  Society,  1816  :  exhibited  at 
Purls '  Landscape  Gomposltion  * ;  sketched  in  Switzerland 


and  Italy ;  held  exhibition  of  water-colours  and  lAi  in  Old 
Bond  Street,  1821 :  a  founder  of  Society  of  Brftirb  AitietB, 
with  whom  he  exhibited,  1824-80 ;  emigrated  to  WeRcru 
Australia,  1831 ;  died  in  Tasmania.  [xxiL  3] 

OLOYBB,  SIR  JOHN  HAWLBT  (1899-1886X  cokmisl 
governor ;  served  in  navy,  1841-77 ;  joined  Baikie^  Nigv 
expedition,  1867  ;  captain,  1877  :  administrator  of  L^k», 
1868-4  and  1866-72;  commanded  Hoossas  in  Ashsiti 
campaign,  1878-4 ;  G.G.M.G.,  1874 :  governor  «(  Sev- 
foundlaiid,  1876-81  and  1883^  of  the  Leeward  iriands, 
1881-8.  [xxiL  4] 

OLOVBB,  Mm.  JULIA  (1779-1850X  actress,  nie  Beu 
terton  ;  played  on  the  York  oircnit,  17B9 :  performei  st 
Govent  Garden,  1797-1801 ;  married  Samuel  Glover,  1800 ; 
played  the  Queen  to  Kean*8  Richard  III  and  EmlUs  to 
Othello,  1814;  acted  Andromache  at  Macready's  first 
appearance  at  Govent  Garden,  1816 ;  with  Benjamiii 
Wd)ster.at  Haymarket,  James  Anderson  at  Druiy  lane, 
and  William  Farren  at  the  Strand ;  played  Mrs.  Malaprop 
at  her  farewell  (Drury  LaneX  I860 ;  first  oomic  actresi  <rf 
the  period  of  her  middle  life.  [xxiL  4] 

OLOVEB,  MOSES  (A  1620-1640X  painter  and  arcfai. 
teot ;  chiefly  known  by  his  large  sorvej  vdlnm  of  Syon 
Houae  and  Isle  worth  hundred,  1636.  [xxii.  6] 

OLOVBB,  RIGHARD  (1712-1786X  poet ;  sevend  tim» 
addressed  the  House  of  Commons  as  the  merchants*  rejne- 
sentative ;  as  opponent  of  Walpole  received  legacy  from 
the  Duchess  of  Marlborough  ;  M.Pn  Weymouth,  1761-8: 
published  ^Leonidas,'  1787;  his  baUad,  *  Hosier's  Ghort,' 
included  in  Percy's  *  Reliqoes ' ;  his  *  Boadicea  *  (1763)  ind 

•  Medea '  (1763)  acted  at  Drury  Lane ;  his '  Atbenaid '  pob- 
lished,  1787,  and  *  Memoirs  *  (1742^7X  1813.      [xxiL  6] 

OLOVBB,  ROBERT  (d.  1666X  protestant  martyr;  of 
Eton  and  King's  GoUege,  Gambridge ;  M.A.,  1641 ;  borat 
for  heresy  at  Goventry.  [xxiL  7] 

OLOVBB,  ROBERT  (1644-1688X  Somerset  hersld: 
PorteuUis  pursuivant  of  tiie  Gdlege  of  Ann,  1M7: 
Somerset  herald,  1671 ;  conducted  visitations  of  Daiten 
(1676X  Gheshire  (1680X  and  Yorkshire  (1684-6) ;  asditBil 
Camden  in  his  *  Britannia* :  *Tbe  Oatalogoe  of  Hooar' 
(1610)  compiled  from  his  collections.  [xxiL  7] 

OLOVBB,  STEPHEN  (d.  1869X  author  of  *  Htrtaj 
and  Gazetteer  of  Derbyshire*  (1881-8,  unfinisbedl  aod 
compiler  of  the  *  Peak  Guide,*  1880.  [xxii  8] 

OLOVBB,  STEPHEN  (1812-1870X  composer  of  m«i. 
ballads,  and  duets ;  brother  of  Gharles  wiDiam  Glonr 
[q.v.]  [xxiL  8] 

OLOVBB,  WILLIAM  HOWARD  C1819-187BX  Buaical 
composer  and  writer ;  second  son  of  Julia  Glover  [q.  ▼.]: 
gave  operatic  performances  at  Mandiester  and  auBsl 
concerts  at  St.  James*s  Hall  and  Drury  lAne:  miaietl 
criUc  to  *  Morning  Post,*  1849-66 ;  died  at  New  Yoric: 
composed  '  Tam  o*  Shanter  *  (produced  at  the  New  Pbil- 
harmonic,  1866X  *  Ray  Bias  *  (Govent  Oardtn,  18I1X  u^ 

*  Manftred,*  an  ovarture,  and  many  songs.  [xziL  f  ] 

OLTN,  GEORGE  GRENFELL,  second  BiBOX 
WOLVSRTON  (1824-1887X  grandson  of  Sir  Richard  Our 
Glyn  [q.  v.] ;  educated  at  Rugby  and  University  OoDeRe. 
Oxford ;  of  banking  firm,  Glyn,  Mills,  Ounrie  4t  Oa ;  M^^ 
Shaftesbury,  1867-73;  secretary  to  the  treasury,  1868-71: 
paymaster-general,  1880-6 ;  poetmaster-gnoeral  in  bov 
rule  ministry,  1886 ;  personal  friend  of  William  Ewut 
Gbulstone  [q.  v.]  [xxiL  9] 

OLYB,  ISABELLA  DALLAS  (1828-1889X  9xtim; 
nU  Geams;  played  under  her  mother's  name  of  Olys; 
made  d^but  at  Manchester  as  (X>n8tance  in  *  Kini(  Jobs,' 
1847 ;  appeared  In  Shakespearean  parts  on  York  drcait 
and  at  Sadler's  Wells,  1848-61  and  1869 ;  first  appeu«d 
at  Drury  Lane,  1861 ;  played  Cleopatra  at  the  PriucesV, 
1867 ;  gave  Sbuikespearean  readings  and  losoos  in  Eng* 
land  and  America ;  obtained  divorce  from  Eneas  Swe^ 
laud  Dallas  [q.  v.],  1874.  [xxiL  10] 

OLYB,  Sir  RIGHARD  OARR,  first  baronet  (178^ 
1888X  lord  mayor  of  London ;  partner  in  Hallifsx,  Ki^ 
Glyn  6t  Mitton,  bankers ;  sheriff  of  Loudon,  1790 ;  kxa 
mayor,  1798-9 ;  M.P.,  St.  Ives,  1796-1802  ;  created  barooA 
1800.  [xxiL  10] 

OLYB,  WILLIAM  (1604?-1668X  bishop  of  Bai«tf: 
fellow  of  Queens*  College,  (}ambridge,  1580;  deaa,  INO: 
M.A.,   1630  ;D.D.,  1644;   Udy   Margaret  profeMr  «ri 


i^'iBil  foDaw  si  TrinltT.  1 


r.    [11U.H] 


A  Gnj   and   Ulrbc^  Watun ;   ■□miarted 
at     CbKtlertan    (oi^ferld    a^lTiHC    UeDTnv 


parlivDCDt.  IHfl  :  Quo  ■ 

bcklncUCmrltbrooke,  IMtl:  igun 
«/■  PurgB':  M.P»  CAFTHTvnriBbln,  i«d4  ■na 
ItU :  asieiiit  10  tbt  Pratcetu  uid  jiutin  of 
H;  pmecatsl  JotaDQn>r<l<ia>-lU<)[q.r.] 
mnrinuon,  IM4 :  Itltd  tbc  cootliltstor.  MUn 
e.  ItH  :  chlef-jantlcc  ot  tbe  opur  bcMh, 
jporlfld  tbv  *  potion  and  adTlcfl.'  1MB  ;  u 
ut  proMcntol  BIr  Henrj  Vue.  UBi:  liio 
IT  Ornnnrell  (laM)  in  ta*cKir  n(  noinrcbj' 
l);fcolghwl,li™i.  [nil.  IS] 

l7llM»t,«niqiB^:  brotlier-ln.l.woI  WUll.m 

on;  H.A,  riiM  Ctaureta.  DiFonl,  lill :  'u.F, 
a,  1813-7.  ud  VUnMilR.  1S9:-«T:  lorrKycil 


GEOnaE  (d.  IBTl).  miuter  it  Blim:  U^. 
«c  OimbrMRf.  1«S7:  leuinr  pnjdH>r,  liu;  ; 
onlod  j>Dd  CottiBbnK,  ISIS :  teUov  at  VMa, 
nkHd  Eton  CALkl«KU«&  [xill.  18J 

lOHK  <l«lC-leS3).  hnd-BluUr  Df  MHrtiUDt 


n  of  Tunhrldm,  IHU,  ol 


'^Tlon'  ■ 


T  VBrk,' publirbid  lESU. 
ROGER  (IU8-lt101.  prDXKl  oF 
td«.  If  70 :  nlucaUd  u  Eton  and 


■cboBl;    DJ]..  II 
i(WelU.lsJI:  w 


;iii«'i  Cotltp^  CambrUgi : 
j-nod  o(  Dort, 


n  [q.  r,],  1181 ; 

[Hti.  I* 

vtor  of  Uadldi 

[q_.T.]:edn«wd 

bop  Abbi 
ID  dI  Bockipe,  le: 


lokiKKvl  triohi.  {ixil. 

{■ ;  broUicr  cd  Oco^  tioad  [q.  c]  •  of  BUOi 


Kliw's  Ca(lB«T.  Cimbiidm  iBd  Gnj^  Inn:  U.A.  (nil 
LL.D.:  mda  of  logla  at  Oambrltln,  lOM:  niclui  pio- 
f«««r,  less.  IiilL  Jl] 


OOBBAH    eA£B.    ' 


OOASBT.   ROBBRT  (ITtl-lTTS),  prlnUt  uM  e 
1.  ■  lUuitntlon  ol  Uc  Hd;  ^orlpIurEi,'  1TB». 

Ih'    ArUfliw'   (/.  Vth  lent); 
iiuia  uiu  fortre^ira  Id  oonh  and  cut  of 

[nil.  II] 
JOHN  (it.  IMS),  judge:  birrlMcr. GnT'a 
11 :  HTi«D[-«t-lm»,  ISM ;  joder  ol  ooaiBMa  pleu 
ot  pulluntnt.  KMT ;  ftport*  reflied  bj  Mm  pub- 
llibal,  iset.  [till.  II] 

OOOBT,  JAUIS  (/.  I7W-1!I]S|,  nIpplc-iiignTer. 

[IBII.  »1 

OODSAK  or  TOODSAX,  ADAH  (d.  IMS),  Prancto- 
in :  pTDbtbljr  of  Nanriali :  •tUodad  Ookfaaoi'i  iKtana 
1  Piter  Lomtmd'i  'SenUoiMa'  at  Oifon) ;  bli  •Com- 


asanas    houvehir   fisit-i»M), 


animal  painter 

uUblUid  al 

18U 

SI 

Serm  DadiT  Slni' In  BiiU 

b'sr^'.*- 

•T 

" 

;■  CoU^  Cunbridge.  1 JS8 : 
a.iA  L4UIBXIUC  DILL.  tiHit  i  F.RO-P.,  I04fl;  OuUitonlan 
lectunr.  IMS:  u  pbf>lGlui-lii-cblff  acmnipoulBl  Croui- 
wdl  to  IreUnd.  1M«.  and  Scotland,  luin;  warden  <rf 
Urrtau  Collqte,<^iford.  USI-M:  mi^mbrr  r,1  utile  parllk- 


■plrlt  of  niw  -Ilk)  10 
profoH-of  pbj>lc.  lU 

f^il;..'t> 

P..I1  Li  <d  Orvbam 

lilq,  ..].U«(lrit 
[..U.M1 

IconUnmitwllta 

aUrimiraldttlln 
nndw  Dr.  Fnml. 

OOJOiUD,   THOMAi?  (d.    17M). 
IKDlount,  irei :  iwrTea  at  Uiidiw.  1TE». 

IT«I :  lleotanDt-cotoufl,  1788 :  •nrroi  at 
nb,  11)0,  Hnd  iRaUiH  Uabrattii,  17 

OOOSAItll.  WtLUAM  (jt.  Iflll). 
BoHaod :  bi.  Ibr™  »ork.  Or*l  prlnl«l 

. :  D.D„  1 


T.  ITSt-M : 


o  of  fi*liibai7.  I 


BchoUnhlp 


(WUe-lf 
U.IXHM.  to'  WinclKVUr 

GOSDXV,   pnnerljTTLDK!'.  THOMAS  <l«}4-ia8N). 

1M7;  ouuiferted  to  itomani^ai  by  J4»b:i  St-ri^eant  [q.  t.]: 
prgidcDt  of  tbD  EnKl^Bb  CDlleifi-.  Li-Ihjij,  Li;fl9,  and  D.D^ 

BtPued  of  UHopliclty   in   monlrr  c.f   ^ir  Ijlmuiid  BeirJ 
OodfltT  [q.  V.].  1*78  ;  BaronM  tn  I'nn-.  I.iil  mumnl  nnilir 
Jama  II:    carrlal    c 
Stminglhct. 


"T^S.  m 


1.  W1LLIAU  (j(.  1171).  hlatoriati : 


OODERIOH,  ViN-nu?>T    {IJBi-lMB).     [See 

MIN,  FjtKDEBIClC  JOHS.  KiRL  0¥  RlPOS.] 

ODDTKXr    iir    MALHEPtiURT   (/.    loeiX  > 


aODTKXTorOODFSKT-aAKOKVITZ,  AUttROSB. 
tbe  elder  (d.  IT41).  chcmltt:  etnployad  bj  Robert  Ba;)e 

iiis-by  eiplodon  tnl  .BlIo™iion,'  17M.         [i.U.  w" 

OODFKET,  AMBROSE,  tbe  rounger  (d.  I7MX 
chnnbiC ;  Km  of  AmbroK  Ooitny  tbs  eldo-  [q,  t.]  :  carriel 

lUnmptoD  Strm.  London  ; 

rDhn  Godfrey  [q,  t.],  -a 


)4  GODaAI.VII 

OOlUfONS,  CBRIBTOPHBR  (A  1M>X  «lte  ri 
*The  Oftnipftl^  of  ItW,*  18M,  uid  ^  Tlocenu,  PHm  pf 
Hintim,-  IMO,  two  dnmu  ;  PS.A.,  1U7.         [uii. »] 

ODDDLFBTn,  FRANCIS,  MODndBiRLoraaDmnj 
(lVe-nu\  Km  of  S^ilney  CMalpbln.  flnt  htI  [;.  f .]; 
his  odncillDn  luiieriiiUiylBd  by  Jolin  KTrindHbinn 
rq.  T.];  ot  Eton  (Oil  KiDg'i  Oolle 
ITM ;  y  ~   ■      -       -         "  ■ 

ot  tbe  bed-cbBmber,  llit-ul  acted'u  i^~inrtkE,'lTl^ 

17S1,  ind  171T  ;  lonl  privy  leal,  lTS*-40.  [«U.  HI 

OODOLPHIK,  HBNRT  (]MB'17U>.  proTort  ii(  Ba 


LH.3 


ARABELLA  (1M»-17S0).  [e«BCHUIt 


lOodolj 


ite   [q.  »,]  ;  . 


fiODTXKT,  BOTLE  (d.  17HT),  ■Icbemlit:  brotber 
or  Ambme  Goitfrn  tl»  younger  [q.  t.]  i  rained  blmi^ 
bs  blepoiBlDii  for  uchmij.  [KxlL  31] 

OOSFRST.    SIR    EDMUND    BERKT    {lesl-lSIg). 

minster   md    CbrM    Oburcta,  Oitord:  entered    Oram's 
Inn.   IMO;    kniKht*d  for  Krrlce*  during  plague,  1891. 

under  Pralwr  [q.  t,].  lege;  reputed  beel  imtlce  of  the 


!  ie7» :  D,D,  ISSI ;  lellDw  ot  RUni,  1877 :  proToW,  IM- 
I  1707  Md  17ie-39  -.  dein  of  St.  Fiul'l,  1707-IS  ;  benAcR 

or  Eton  wid  Sidlilmry.  (ulL  M] 

OODOLPHnr.  JOHN  (Iai7-]S7B),    dTUlaa:  DilL. 

nionceslCT  Hill.  Oiford.  IMI ;  judge  ol  tbe  adBlritti. 

1,...  >j — ..  ,^— ^(^  letO;   publlibed,  mmms  oibar 


!   Holy    I 


[UII.M] 


rnipllM 


pctnted  It  tbe  butlgitloD  ol  Ontei  hinuelt.     [xxil.  SI] 

OODISXT,  JOHK  (Jt.  1717),  cbemliC^  with  bit 
brother  Ambrtiw  aodfrey  thi-  lonnger  [q.  T.l  carried  on 
Ibe  tHLrineHor  his  f  atlin  Atnbnwe  Qodlrey  the  elder  [q.  i.]: 
pobliibol.  alM  witb  bin  brother. '  A  Cnrlooi  Rceesrch  Into 
Um  ELeiMnt  ot  Wst«T.'  1717.  (iiU.  11] 


OCDOLFRIir,  Uns.UARGARBTntU-ltTSXUil 

rf  Jobn  Bielyn:  nir  BIwtire:  in^daf  binoar  to  DndH 
It  York  and  lo  Queen  tlatinrine:  priiuety  manWM- 
lej  (nflerwaid.  eBrl  of)  Qodolpbin  (q.  t.].  1«7*  ;  Bidjn'i 
•ocoont  of  her  puhliebed,  ISt7.  [iiilU] 

OOI>OI.PBI1(.  SIDNBT  (leiO-lMI).  poet;  idLieiiUd 
,t  Bietcr  CoUoje.  Oifotd ;  M J'.,  Hrfslon,  1«W-U :  juai 
llr  Ralph  Hopton'i  force  and  fdl  in  iklnnbb  at  Ckw 
ord :  friend  of  Falkl&od.  Hobbo,  and  Cluefadon ;  Saa- 


1«7»-8I : 
vlth  tbe  I 


'  at  tba  Bank  of  England.  C»U-  BS]  I 
ET,  RICHARD BBRNAItD(».17«l>.enETiiTer  ' 
n  TMn  and  utlqiUtiea  (or  Onw'a  ■  Antlqaariin  Reper-  , 
OCT' (1771).  [1111,361  I 
OOnrRXT,  TBOtlAS  (1734~I7a3).  poet  and  drm-  I 
natlat:  bom  at  FbUaddpbla :  wrrod  In  eipediClnn 
ilifilniit  Fort  DoqiiBne,  1T»8;  while  a  (actor  In  Kortb  i 
Carolina  camponcd- The  Prince  ol  Partbla.' tbe  Brgt  play  > 
-  ■       '          1-                 [..11.31] 


B^aEJdU 


ly  «n-ivponded  with  St.  Oermaln.  laiilbii  n»- 
be  projeeted  attack  on  Breat,  ISM :  bwl  gf  tk 
,  UBO-S:  tbe  only  torrtoid  jonice,  1*M :  Iqb- 
confeatlon  ol  fllr  Jc«in  Foivlok  [q.  *.],  IM:  it- 
— n  flnt  ]oi4,  ina-1 ;  lonl  h^tn- ' 


in  FortagiNM  and  ^nlih  aOi 


mppctUd  vUff  • 
misting  on  barrier  tiAty  with  Dutch :  altacktd  Ig 
^    '  "    1  ^  Volpone.'  rebemeotJy  ar^nl  hid  iDpimflb- 


:,  JAMES  (iaD«.lB7«),  » 


H  Tenant  League,  tl 
War  In  Irelanil.'  IBTO,  and  ■  Bellgioat  Ulilory  of 


:  knighted,  1S«S: 
;  ambaniador  at  li 
n  of  Roman  catb. 
y  profeeted ;  dj«l  at 


Marlrtd:  to      ]- 


lotflrial  act  prOTldiog  __.  _  , . „    .  _  _._ 

nnlid  by  pariiament.  ION.  [iiIl  HI 

GODfiia  (lOSf  f-1170).  foander  ol  Flnelale :  for  rii- 

een  yare  merchant  and  nhipowDer ;  pnibablj  Ibt '&*" 

:n^^rBUdertg>loAIIgllle,'^witb  whom  Bald w1dIb<M* 

lade  Trilg[iiM> 

it  Oifca  laf* 


OOSSALTS.  EDWARD  (d.  IMS  7).  Roniiui  catli* 
i  diTlne.  original  felloir  of  Trinity  Ocdlege,  dsBt'l'lt^ 
I  IMS;  BJ)^  UU;  prabeodaij  of  (Aiobotar;  nrta* 


ODSAIjVE 


505 


GOYFE 


red  to  Antwerp,  c  1660,  a«  profespor 

icbael's  monastery  ;  edited  Chriflto- 

Eiuebios  (part  L)  and  translated 

[xzii.  49] 

JOHN  (d.  1556),  clerk  of  the  signet 
d  comptroller  of  the  mint  ander 
of  the  carpet,  1547.  [zxiL  49] 

DWINE  (d.  1053X  earl  of  the  Wost- 
I  *dtix*  in  1018;  accompanied  Cnat 
.ppointed  by  Gnat  earl  of  the  West- 
.  to  Oytha,  sister  of  Ulf ;  aoqaired 
ds  wealth  and  talent  for  oratory : 
larttiacnat  to  the  crown,  1035,  bat 
Sarold  (Harefoot) ;  aocosed  by  many 
•ath  (1U36)  of  iEIfred  the  stheling 
>  clear  bimnelf  by  oath  on  accession 
:  procured  the  peaceful  accession  of 
>r,  1042 :  headed  the  national  party 
farourites ;  married  his  daughter 
King  Edward ;  obtained  for  his 
arldom  of  East  Anglia  and  for  his 
earldom  of  some  Mercian  shires ; 
eesion  of  Robert  of  Jumi^ges  to  the 
I  and  Canterbury  (1050X  who  revived 
t  him  :  outlawed  with  his  sons,  1061 : 
aldwiu,  count  of  Flanders,  his  son 
r ;  made  descents  on  the  Isle  of  Wight 
with  the  support  of  Kent,  Surrey, 
lailoi  up  the  Thames  :  restored  with 
- ;  died  at  Winchester  of  apoplexy 
Mward,  [xxU.  50] 

CATHERINE  GRACE  (1798-1845), 
homas  Gamett  (1766-1802)  [q.  v.]  ; 
u-iu,  1824;  published  *  The  Night  be- 
'  The  Wanderer's  Legacy,*  1829. 

[xxU.  55] 
A.RD  WILLIAM  (1833-1886),  archl- 
ristol  and  London :  assisted  Burgess 
w  courts,  and  Edis  in  those  for  the 
>use;  restored  Dromore  Castle  and 
led  theatrical  costumes  and  scenery  ; 
ar  Illustrated/  1877,  and  an  adapta- 
[1  Shepherdesse,*  and  other  works. 

[xxil.  55] 
ens  (1562-1633),  bishop  of  Llandafl 
TbomaSiGodwin  (1617-1590)  [q.  v.]  ; 
Oxford,  1684;  DJD.,  1596;  snb-dean 
lop  of  Llandaff,  1601,  of  Hereford, 
of  the  Bishops  of  England,*  with 
id  continued  by  William  Richardson, 
lAls  •  (Henry  VIII-Mary)»  translated 
From  Godwin*8  'Man  in  the  Moone* 
usly.  1638),  John  Wilkins,  bishop  of 
le  Bergerac  are  supposed  to  have  bor- 
y  sketches  of  life  in  the  moon. 

[xxU.  66] 
RGB  (1816-1888),  architect:  won 
»rize  for  essay  on  '  CJoncrete,'  1835  ; 
Union  of  Ix)ndon,  1836-7 ;  became 
r,*  1844 :  restored  St.  Mary  Itcdcliffe, 
ildings  in  Bristol ;  treasurer  of  Royal 
JR.  and  F.8.A. ;  gold  medalli!>t  of 
cts.  1881 ;  founded  Grodwin  bursary ; 
al  oommis.4ion  on  housing  of  working 
I  collector  of  chairs  of  celebrities, 
lie  Cliurches  of  London,*  1838,  and 
aphs.  [xxii.  58] 

ENRY  THOMAS  (1784-1863),  major- 
foot,  1799 :  served  in  Hanover.  1806, 
:  re verely  wounded  at  Baro^a,  1811 ; 
»uel,  41st  foot,  1816 ;  commanded  it 
•,  1824-6;  major-general,  1846;  com- 
cond  Burmese  war,  1862-3 ;  K.C.B. ; 

[xxii.  69] 

«ARY  WOLLSTONECRAFT  (1759- 
Tollstonecraf t ;  kept  school  at  New- 
her  sister  Eliza;  governess  to  Lord 
ren,  1787-8 ;  employed  for  five  years 
a  publisher ;  at  Paris  formed  connec- 
ay,  1793-5 ;  attempted  to  drowr  ber- 
is  imfaithfulneHs ;  married  William 
.  v.],  1797 ;  died  at  the  birth  of  her  < 
e's  portraits  of  her  engraved  in  her  j 


life  by  0.  Kenn  PaoL  She  pnblftbed  *  Thoughts  on  the 
Education  of  Danghtera,*  1787,  *  Original  Stories  from  Real 
Life,*  1788,*  Vindication  of  the  Rights  of  Women,*  1792, 
and  other  works ;  her  *  Letters  to  Imlay  *  edited  by  0.  K. 
PaoI,  1878.  [xziL  60] 

OODWnr.  MORGAN  C/f.  1686),  minister  In  Virginia  ; 
grandson  o{  Bishop  Francis  Gtodwin  [q.  v.] ;  B.A.  Christ 
Church,  Oxford,  1664;  minister  in  Virafinift;  died  in 
England :  published  *  The  Negro's  and  Inman*8  Advocate 
suing  for  their  Admisaion  into  the  Church,*  1680. 

[xxlU  62] 

OODWnr,  THOMAS  (1517-1990),  bishop  of  Bath  and 
Wellfl ;  fellow  of  Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  1546 ;  M.A.. 
1548;  flrat  head-master  of  Braoklqr  school,  1649  ;  lloenseil 
medical  practitioner,  1565 ;  chaplain  to  Bishop  Nicholas 
BnlUngham  [q.  v.] ;  D.D.,  1565 ;  dean  of  Christ  CThurch, 
1565,  of  Canterbury,  1667 ;  bishop  of  Bath  and  Wells, 
1684-90 ;  offended  Elisabeth  by  making  a  second  marriage. 
[xxii.  62] 

OODWnr,  THOMAS  (d.  1642),  master  of  Abingdon 
school ;  MA.  Magdalen  Hall,  Oxfonl,  1609 ;  D J). ;  rector 
of  BrightweU,  Berkshire;  published  *RomansB  Hittorisa 
Anthologia*  ri6th  ed.,  1696X  'Moees  and  Aaron*  (12th 
ed.,  1686X  and  other  Works.  [zziL  63] 

OODWnr,  WILLIAM,  the  yoanger  (1808-1832X  re- 
porter to  the  *  Morning  (Tbronicle,*  1828-8S;  son  of 
William  Godwin  tiie  tiaer  [q.  v.] ;  his  novel,  *  Trans- 
fusion,* published  by  his  father,  1886.  [xxii.  64] 

OODWnr.  WILLIAM,  the  elder  (1766-1886),  philo- 
Fopher  and  novelist;  began  philosophical  studies  at 
Hoxton  Academy  under  Dr.  Rees ;  dissenting  minister  for 
four  years ;  became  connected  with  extreme  whigs,  and 
an  atheist,  under  influence  of  Thomas  Holcroft  [q.  v.]  ; 
married  Mary  Wcdlstonecraft  [see  (Godwin,  Mrs.  Mary 
WoLLSTONBCRAFT],  1797;  after  refusals  from  Harriet 
Lee  [q.  v.]  and  Mrs.  Revdey  (Maria  GisbomeX  married 
(1801)  Mrs.Cla{rmont,  mother  of  Clara  Mary  Jane  CHbair- 
mont  [q.  v.]  ;  quarrelled  with  Dr.  Pur  and  Sir  J.  Mackin- 
tosh, who  had  crltidsed  his  ethics :  converted  by  Coleridge 
to  theism ;  his  *  Tragedy  of  Antonio  *  unsuccessful  at 
Drury  Lane,  1800 ;  started  (1806)  a  publishing  business, 
which  failed  in  1822,  though  at  first  suooessfnl  with 
Lamb's  *  Tales  from  Shakespeare,*  and  some  children's 
books  written  by  Gkxiwin  under  the  name  Baldwin ;  de- 
rived pecuniary  assistance  from  his  acquaintance  with 
Wedgwood  and  Shellqr ;  obtained  the  sineoture  office  of 
yeoman  usher  of  the  exchequer  from  Earl  Grey,  1833; 
published  *  Enquiry  concerning  PoliUcal  Justice,'  1793, 
which  made  him  known  as  the  philosophical  representa- 
tive of  English  radicalism,  a  memoir  of  Mary  wollstone- 
craft,  1798,  the  novels  *■  Adventures  of  Caleb  Williams,* 
1794  (dramatised  as  the* Iron  Chest*),  *8t.  Leon,'  1799, 
aAd  oUiers :  produced  *  Life  of  (Saucer,*  1803,  *0f  Popu- 
lation* (answer  to  Malthus),  1820,  and*  History  of  the 
Commonwealth,'  1824-8;  posthumous  'essays*  by  him 
issued,  1873.  [xxiL  64] 

OODWIN-AUBTEN,  ROBERT  ALFRED  (nX)TNE 
(1808-1884X  geologist ;  fellow  of  Oriel  College,  Oxford, 
1830:  B.A.,  1830;  pupil  of  Buckland;  F.G.8.,  1830; 
F.RJS.,  1849  :  took  additional  surname  of  (Godwin,  1853  ; 
published  essay  *on  the  possible  extension  of  the  coal- 
measures  beneath  the  south-eastern  parts  of  England,' 
1864 ;  WoUaston  medallist,  1862 :  foreign  secretary  of 
Creological  Society,  1865-7;  wrote  important  papers  on 
the  geological  formation  of  Devonshire,  southern  England, 
and  parts  of  France ;  completed  works  by  Edward  Forbes 
[q.  v.]  [xxii.  68] 

OOSTZ,  JOHN  DANIEL  (1592-1672).  [Sec  Gsrreius.] 

007FE.    [See  also  Gough.] 

OOFFE  or  OOU<}H,  JOHN  (1610 ?-1661),  divine; 
perpetual  fellow  of  Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  1630 ;  M.A., 
1681 ;  D.D.,  1660 ;  ejected  from  Uving  of  Hackington,  and 
imprisoned  for  refusing  the  covenant,  1643;  restored, 
1660,  having  meanwhile  held  the  Uving  of  Norton;  pub- 
lished *  Ecclesiae  Anglicanse  Threnodia,'  1661.  [xxlL  69] 

OOFFE  or  GOTTGH,  STEPHEN  (1606-1681),  royalist 
divine;  brother  of  John  GJoffe  [q.  v.]:  M.A.  Merton  Col- 
lege, Oxford,  1627;  D.D.,  1636;  chaplain  in  the  low 
Countries  and  to  Charles  I ;  employed  by  the  king  abroad 
and  in  negotiating  with  the  Soots ;  became  a  Romanist ; 
suporiorof  French  Oratoriana,  1655 ;  ehfl{»lain  to  HcnrisMa 


OOLDSBUTH 


0  Ototis  (Hontaonlb);   betrloidsd     wtcied  it  MdboonK.  1MB:  b\i  wool  bn^rws  uilp- 

■  —J »— '  olTMrtuii;  died     Dslcd  in  IB81  wLlh  Aiutisltin  Agfscj  ud  BuiUgf  Cn- 

,.._„  —         .—  .. .  .._,._.  ooini»iiT,  with  OoiditarnA 


r  OOiraH,  THOMAS  <lnI-U»X  dtTliu 


UK}:  tsld  M  lM>e  died  fi 
*  Thne  Eiccdleat  Tnyedlea 

OOFFB 

„ . ,  member  01  dvpaluoa 

flpotrd  dur^  npUut  the  clerdi  rnnnben^  h 


helped  UejeotBuvtioiieiparllL ,  _ 

rearaddocki  mljor<ffaKTal  lor  Berk?liirp, 
BuBpeblxh  l««:  one  of  the  ~   ' 
olaominiUnaf  iiiin,lU«:  on 
to  mediate  wltb  Honak,  liUM) 
witb  WbiUer  Co   Hisuchnse 
three  ygiin;  (ndilionaltir  •appOMd 
BlUok  at  In^uvi  at  HiSltJ,  UuttOl 
■tHwUsr- 


(pobllihed. 


OOLSSKDI,  ABRAHAll  (ITH  ?-inO),  JnHh  iMt- 


■e  gOTViuDCDt  l«iui  at  lU(k 

.    ANKA    MABU  (leOf-UMl,  pbilB- 

iiDder  Gunpbdl  the  niM,  lOTne  at  wbve  ■» 
e  le»  to  llie  Britlih  faueau.  [iilL  M] 

bbujauis  (iruT-iHM),  tiuKki: 

■una  oi  ADimbun  Qoldsmld  [q.  >.]  1  tDODds  of  Iki 
yil  Ninl  Aiyliua.  [utt-tl] 

OOLDSMID,  GIB  FBAHOIB  HKNRY  (imt-imi). 
'  HdittcUn :  eon  ot  Sir  leiao  IiJob  Qoldml 
'  ■ — ■-■-  ■- — ' (Llnaoln'i  Ian) :  QX3,  Mr* 


ohicfffoi 

UM ;  died  (d  lam 

eoiOSBOBovaB,  riohari>  (ih:i- 

'      ■   "    "      1   BiwUonl 


GHDIjDBTIIBOEIBK 


507 


GOOOH 


[oiry  into  the  Pkceent  State  of  Polite  Learning  * 
oeame  acquainted  with  Tliomas  Percy,  after- 
thop  of  Dromore  [q.  v.] ;  oontribated  to  *Gritioal 
aiu^  other  magasines;  employed  by  John  New- 
r.],  in  whose  'Pablio  Ledger*  hie  *  Citizen  of  the 
1769)  appeared  as  *  Chinese  Letters ' ;  made  ao- 
M  of  Dr.  Johnson,  1761,  and  afterwards  became 
r  of  his  clab;  his  'TraveUer'  (1764)  highly 
f  Johnson ;  introdaoed  by  the  'Traveller'  to  hits 
on.  Lord  Glare :  set  up  for  the  last  time  as  aphy- 
the  st<«ngth  of  his  collected  essay?,  1766 :  the 
Wakefield '  sold  by  Johnson  for  him,  1766  (96th 
886) ;  saved  by  the  proceeds  from  arrest  for 
t  I^n^ton  for  the  Temple :  wrote  for  the  book- 
*Histoinr  of  Borne,'  1769,  lives  of  Pamell  and 
te,  17^0,  and  an  English  history,  1771;  bin 
and  Man '  rejected  by  Garrick,  bat  prodaced  by 
I;  GoToit  Garden,  1768 ;  his  comedy  'She  stoops 
sr '  played  at  Covent  Garden,  1778 ;  went  to  Paris 
Homecks,  1770 :  had  altercation  (1771)  with 
IS  pobUsher  of  the  '  London  Packet,'  in  which  the 
litter  of '  Tom  Tickle'  appeared ;  the ' Deserted 
1770,  'The  Retsliation,'  1774,  'The  History  of 
.774,  and '  Animated  Natore,'  1774,  were  his  last 
9e  was  boried  in  the  Temple  Church,  a  monu- 
She  expense  of  'the  Clab'  bcdng  placed  in  West- 
Lbbsy.  Dablin  editions  of  poems  and  plays  ap- 
777  and  1780,  Bnglish,  1831  and  1846 ;  '  Misoel- 
Varies,'  with  memoir  from  Bishop  Percy's  mate- 
L  [xxlL  86] 

ATVXOKEa,  THEODOR  (18S1-187SX  orlen- 
f  Jewish  parentage:  graduated  at  his  native 
Hg,  1840 :  studied  at  Brain ;  while  at  Paris  assisted 
in '  L'Inirodncfcion  &  I'Histoire  da  Booddhisme 

at  Berlin  helped  A.  von  Humboldt  with  his 
';  came  to  R»gi^«a,  i860,  to  assist  Professor  H.  H. 
rtth   new  edition  of  his  'Sanskrit  Dictionary* ; 

ot  Sanskrit  at  University  College,  Landom, 
sober  of  B^^al  Ariatic  Society;  founded  San- 
tSociety,  1866;  attacked  BtihtUngk,  Both,  and 

a  workooFftoini,1861;  his  *  Literary  Bemains ' 
78.  [xziL  96] 

IWXLL,  JAMES  (d.  1499X  bishop  of  Norwioh  : 
Q  Sods'  OoUege,  Oxford,  1469 ;  dean  of  Salisbury, 
tttaiy  of  state  under  Edward  IV ;  negotiated 
ii  France,  1471 ;  proctor  at  Rome,  1473;  bishop 
du  1479-99 ;  completed  the  tower  of  his  cathe- 
iUted  ap  the  choir  and  chapels;  benefactor  of 

[xxii.  96] 

fWSLL,  THOMAS  (d.  168&X  bishop  of  St. 
M.A.  An  Bonis*  CoUege,  Oxford,  1681 ;  vicar  of 
15S1 :  chapUin  to  Reginald  Pole  [q.  v.],  with 
!  lived  at  Rome;  attainted,  1639;  retomed  to 
IMS;  bishop  of  St.  Asaph,  1666-8:  romanised 
e ;  attended  Pole  on  his  deathbed,  1668 :  escaped 
itixaent»1669;  saperior  of  Theatines  at  Napdes, 
t  only  Bnglish  bishop  at  ooancil  of  Trent,  1663 ; 
,  1663 ;  vicar-general  to  Archbishop  Borromeo, 
egeient  for  the  cardinal- vicar  at  Rome,  1674 ; 
1  by  iUneas  from  heading  the  English  mission ; 
ome ;  last  of  the  Bnglish  Romanist  bishops. 

[xxiL  97] 

WBT  or  OOLSnrO,  JOHN  (d.  1719),  musical 

;  organist  of  St.  George's  Chapel.  Windsor,  1697 ; 

the  choristers,  1703 :  some  of  his  sacred  com- 

pabUshad  in  Boyce  and  Arnold's  'Cathedral 

Ml  Page's '  Harmonia  Sacra.'  [xxii.  99] 

SHTLT,  CJHARLE8  POURTALES  (1807-1886), 
docated  at  Eton  and  Oriel  College,  Oxford ;  M.A., 
obsatiber  to 'Tracts  for  the  Times*;  disagreed 
man,  and  afterwards  wrote  largely  against  the 
,  eroedally  attacking  Cuddesdon  College. 

[xxii.  100] 

CRAALL,  ROBERT  (1609-1646  ?X  dramatist  and 

LA.  Christ  Church,  Oxford,  1631 ;  B.D.,  1638 ; 

^RMimcambe:   published   'The    Tragodie   of 

atorza'  and  'The  Levites  Revenge,'  a  poem 

,  1633).  [xxiL  lUl] 

I,  Sm  WILLLLM  MAYNARD  (1784-1876), 
ibal ;  ensign,  1794 ;  served  with  the  9th  foot  iu 
1799;  at  Ferrol,  1800,  and  Hanover,  1805: 
1893 ;  asaietant  quartermaster-geueral  in  Copen- 
inditioa  of  1807,  and  in  Portugal,    1808;   at 


Comfia  with  Moore;  on  staff  of  Walcheren  expedition, 
1809;  served  in  the  Peninsula,  1810-14;  lieotenant- 
oolonel,  1813,  having  greatly  distinguished  himself  at 
Salamanca,  1813 ;  led  Iiisi  division  in  subsequent  retreat  on 
Portugal  and  advance  to  the  Ebro ;  created  KX/3.  and 
transferred  to  Coldstream  guards ;  on  stAlT  at  (}uatre 
Bras  and  Waterloo,  1816  ;  major-general,  1837;  comman- 
der in  Jamaica,  1839-43  ;  goveruor  of  Mauritius,  1849-9 
commander-in-chief  in  India,  1860-6;  general,  18M 
field-marshal,  1868;  constable  of  the  Tower,  1879-6 
D.C.L.  Oxford ;  LL.D.  Cambridge ;  G.C3. ;  his  letters 
from  the  Peninsula  published,  1881.  [xxiL  101] 

OOKXE,  Sir  BERNARD  db  (1630-1686X  military 
engineer;  served  under  Frederick  Henry,  prince  of 
Orange ;  knighted  by  Charles  I ;  engineer  and  qnarter- 
niHSter-general  in  royalist  army,  1643-6 ;  his  plans  of 
Marston  Moor,  Naseby,  and  second  fight  at  Newbury  in 
British  Museum  ;  as  eugineer-in-chief  (1661 )  erected  forti- 
fications at  Dunkirk,  Portsmouth,  and  Plymouth,  and 
made  plans  for  works  at  Harwich  and  Dublin  ;  surveyor- 
general  of  ordnance,  1686.  [xxii.  108] 

OOKPERTZ,  BENJAMIN  (1779-1866),  mathemati- 
cian and  actuary ;  of  Jewish  extraction ;  president  of  the 
okl  Mathematical  Society  of  Spitalflelds ;  F.R.S.,  1819 ; 
member  of  council  of  Astronomical  Society,  1831-31 ;  vritfa 
Frands  Baily  [q.  v.]  began  catalogue  of  stars,  1899 ; 
last  of  the  Newtonian  school ;  published  tracts  on  ima- 
ginary quantities  and  porisms,  1817-18 ;  as  actuary  of 
Alliance  Assurance  Company  (1834-48)  propounded  hia 
law  of  human  mortality,  1836.  [xxii.  104] 

OOMPEKTZ,  LEWIS  (d.  1861).  lover  of  animals  and 
inventor ;  brother  of  Benjamin  Gompertz  [q.  v.] ;  for 
some  years  honorary  secretary  of  Society  for  Prevention 
of  Crudty  to  Animals,  whicli  he  left  when  chai^^  with 
I^thagoreanism  ;  founded  Animals'  Friend  Society,  1839, 
for  which  he  edited  'The  Animals*  Friend';  published 
'Mechanical  Inventions  and  Suggestions  on  Luid  and 
Water  LocomoUon,'  1860.  His  thirty-eight  inventions 
included  the  expanding  chuck  still  in  use.       [xxii.  106] 

OOKSIBOXJB  or  OOXTOIBOUB,  THOMAS  (Jl.  1484^ 
prior  of  Carlisle,  1484-1607.  [xxii.  106] 

OOITKLL,  WILLIAM  (d.  1546?),  friend  of  Erasmoi; 
MA.  Cambridge,  1488 :  '  public  professor  *  at  Cambridge; 
tutor  to  Sir  Thomas  More's  children ;  rector  of  Conington, 
1617  :  possibly  author  of  '  Ad  Erasmum  Roterodamensem 
Bpistolarum  Liber.'  [xxii.  106] 


OOKYILE,  EDMUND  (</.  1361),  founder  of  GonvUle 
Hall  (now  Gonville  and  Caius  CollegeX  Cambridge ; 
steward  of  William,  earl  Warren,  and  of  the  Earl  of  lAn- 
caster ;  rector  of  Theluetham,  Suffolk :  rector  of  Rosh- 
worth,  1336,  and  Terrington  St.  John,  1343 :  his  founda- 
tion at  Roshworth  (1343)  for  a  master  and  four  priests 
suppressed,  1641.  Gonvile  Hall,  originally  (1348)  a  purdy 
theological  foundation  on  the  present  site  of  (3orpns 
Cbristi  College,  was  removed  by  Bishop  Bateman  and  its 
statutes  remodelled.  It  was  enlarged  by  Dr.  John  CUas 
[q.  v.],  1568.  [xxU.106] 

G00(7H,  BENJAMIN  (Jl.  1776),  surgeon  to  Sliottis- 
ham  infirmary  and  (1771)  consulting  surgeon  to  Norwich 
hospital ;  his  works  ienued,  1793.  [xxiL  107] 

GOOCTH,  Sir  DANIEL,  first  baronet  (1816-1889X  raU- 
way  pioneer  and  inventor ;  trained  in  Stephenson  6t 
Pease's  works  at  Newcastle :  twenty-seven  years  locomo- 
tive superintendent  of  Great  Western  railway  ;  designed 
the  best  broad-gange  engines ;  invented  '  the  sospoodcd 
link  motion  with  the  shifting  radius  link,'  1843,  and  ex- 
perimented with  a  dynamometer  carriage ;  created  baro- 
net, 1866,  for  inauguration  of  telegraphic  communication 
with  America:  as  chairman,  1866-87,  reorganised  the 
Great  Western  Railway ;  M.P.,  Cricklade,  1866-86. 

[xxii.  107] 

OOOOH,  ROBERT  (1784-1830),  physician  :  descendant 
of  Sir  Thomas  Gooch  [q.  v.];  Si.D.  Edinburgh,  1807; 
L.R.C.Pn  1813 ;  practised  in  Bernera  Street  as  a  gynse- 
oologist ;  librarian  to  the  king,  1836 ;  contributed  to  the 
'Quarterly';  his  'Beguines  and  Nursing*  appended  to 
Southey's  'CoUoouies ' ;  wrote  on  the  diseases  of  women, 
1839.  [xxiL  108] 

G00(7H,  Sir  THOMAS,  second  baronet  ( 1674-1 764)^ 
bishop  of  Ely ;  HJl.  and  fellow,  Caius  College,  Cambridge, 
1698 ;  chaplain  to  Queen  Anne ;  archdeacon  of    " 


ITH-i? :  mintor  ol  Osiiu  OoUogE,  Ownbiidg^  IJIS-M ; 
Tl«-cbBai«llor  g[  Ouabridge.  1717:  biibap  ol  Brlilfll. 
1T37-!)  of  Kgrwlcb,  1738-t8,  Bj,  171S-M;  ininuded  u 
bvoDrt.  17M.  [idL  lOS] 

0009.  JOHN  MASON  fl7a4-18r),  phj^dim  »nd 
Mtbor  1  hUie  uemtHT  ol  Oafl  BotpLUl  fbjt\ot3 
Boelctj ;  pncilMd  at  Sndbacj ;  oudb  to  London,  1783 ; 
K.B.G& :  pnblirbal  ■  'aiihnr  of  UadidiH,'  ITM :  Bdlud 
'CritioalBBTlaw.'uiil  Btndltd  Spwiib,  Portogw,  and 
naHl>ii,l»ldnBwi>kni  and  omnia]  Iusubb:  F.E^&. 
IBOe :  IM  nnlurluilBa  for  tbo  AngUoui  clumh,  1807. 


;b  IJ[lDtbas  Qilbcrt  Qregory  [q.  >.]),  ind'Tbe  Book  of 


ooon,  raoMAs  ows-isTfik. 

Icec   Oifaid :  lelloH  of    BaUlol. 
reotor  of  Ootalty,  Shropfltaii  -  -  "  " 


aalliolOol- 
l^„  1631: 

il.  1871-8;    puhluhKl   'Fir- 

ibitutiiu.'  1B7L  [TILL  111) 
OOOS,  THOMAS  SWORD  (17ra-ltt73}.  palntsr,  of  tbc 
-  --if  WllMf ;  exMlWluptotarM  of  boyi.  Hiliermpn. 
IbB  princtpiJ 


(IBM),  ognnd  pint  ,  .     . 

Iba  Englliti  oollege):  repntdnad,  onder  •oimttWdd  of 

Biv.Jnbn  Morris.  1988;  died  it  Nuplsi.         [iilL113) 

OOOSAoaX,  HUGH  (J,  l>61X  prinute  of  Irekud. 
Poyiiel  of  Wiuchwler.  C»»U-  IW] 

ODOSAL,  WALTBIt  (1700  7-I7ee).    [Sec  G<iODU.L.] 

OOOSALL,  0HARLK9.  tin  jmmgnr  (IST1-1«BB). 
poet ;  ton  of  ChsrLoa  Qoodall  the  ddcr  [q.  yj  :  of  Bloii 
and  Uerlon  Oollege  Oxford;  pobUibcd  -PiHiiii  uid 
TnuulatloDf.'  IBM.  [nil.  Ill] 

OOODALL,  OHARLBS.ttu-  eldB  (lSlf.1713).  phj^l- 
olani  HJ).  Oambridm,  lfl7U :  F.R.C.P..  lAW) :  OnUtonlao 
leoMrBr,  ISSi :  twin  UndaD  DisCor :  lour  tlmn  oBuor : 
prnMnt,  ITUA-II;  phnlalaD  to  tbt  Cliirterboiue,  leftl ; 
friend  of  Birdinliam  and  Sloane :  pnblislied  tmtiau  relat' 
tDgtoUicCkiU(B«<4Fli}^<^Bt>e>IB81-  [nil-  11*] 


1«:.! 


appranid  at  DruTj  Laoe,  ]7Be;  t 

diyonml  bj  b«  hiubuKl,  IBIS.  [iilL  llfi] 

OOODALL,  BDWARD  (17H-187<i).  UDe-mgnTer: 
mgisTBd  mwaj  at  Torner'l  plctam  ud  the  tlnneCtee  for 
Ua  UlnMntlinii  of  Bofferi'i  ■  Italy '  and  ■  F«mi ':  Hemlad 
■erenl  of  Ibe '  BngraviDgfl  tnmi  Flotone  In  tbe  NaUonal 
QtOtrj ' ;  eoRraTfd  flniiMnbjeot*  atlcT  iMlntln^  by  lil» 
■on  Frederlok  GooU,  ILA.,  and  platea  tor  tha  'Art 
Jooiul '  and  other  work!.  [iilL  116) 

OOODAIL,  FRBCBRICKTRKTELYANflBlS-lsJIl, 
painter;  grandson  of  Edward  OoadaU  [q.  v,];  Atadunn 
gold  medgjllit  witb  '  Belimi  of  DlTsaES,'  IgBi :  diol  from 
an  aouidentat  OaprL  [itlL  lie] 

aOODALL,  HOWARD  (Igso-ier*).  mlntcr:  brotbrr 
ol  PnOerlcJE  Trenlfitn  OoodaU  [q.  v.] ;  ejchlbltol  at  tbe 
Bo;r>l  Awlem]'.  1B7U-9 :  diolalOaiio.  [iilL  Hi] 

OOODALL.  JOSKPH  (irsO-IMD).  protoat  ol  Btoo: 
fCUoir  of  King's  College,  Cambridge,  1781 :  Oraren  sclio- 
Ur,  1IB3;  M.A.,  17U;  iiatd-tnaller  of  EIoo,  IHOl :  pro- 


GOODENOUOH 


:  D^dsblpDian  in  Domlnltx  actkoo,  I7BI; 

Ohoilotte  StaDlon  [>ee  GoooiLL,  CniRiJ>n«].  I 

Ixianrt  for  W«t  liuto ;  mptuTBi  by  FreooU.  but 


d  KfIUi  Id  'Oataloir 


OOODALL,     WALTER     (1«M-1«89>. 


'liotleryTlcki 

GOODOOLB,  HENRV  (l>gs-1S4l),  dlTiil^V 
priaonen  In  Newgitz,  aud  publlibed  their  oiiiIh 

GOODS.  PHAHOIS  {I70J?-184S).  dirtw; 
WUliamOoodfltq.r.].  tbe  elder:  of  Bt  l^ul".  i* 
Trinity  Oolite.  Oaiubrldgii ;  fellDw  and  «ci^nth 
Tawi-  u  A..  11431-  1M1  iiolTerfiity  ecbolar,  1817 
lUsbed  'Tbe  Better  Con 
[" 

(i7ea-i>ii«) 


Oltonl,  i; 

n  CoiUgo,  laia; 


OOODX.  WILUAU,  U 


igw  (1801-11 
r  fq-  T.] :  » 


itebool  aid  Trinity  OoUeg^  Oambrldffe ;  m 
1R» ;  ncior  ol  St.  AatboUD.  Watltiw  SCn^w 
at  All  HaUovn  tbe  Gnat,  Ttaamea  Btmt.  IRIi 
)fargaret'i.Lo<bbuiy,lBH-40:dBnofBlpoii.]W 
■ObrieOanOtaKTrer';  piib»>bid,bcddniifrDf  ) 
(IS38).  many  onngdical  trarls  and  pantpbltitd. 
Dirloe  Rule  ol  Faith  and  Pnctioe,'  16*3.        [ii 

OODDEH,  JAHSe  (IsfO-IISO).  jauit:  r«t 
Otoer.  I7I9-4;  laperiorol  tlwhoiueor  prohatiD 
17)8->a:  UBoedat  U^Ke'TrigDDoaKtfla  IIsfja 
tica,'  i;Ot  [>i 

OOODXH.  PETER  (il.  11191X  Rmnan  nUiolii 
YCrelnlUt:  «nt  (rotn  Llibon  on  the  Engliab 
cliapUin  to  Didi**  of  Berwlck'i  reiflniem ;  dT-pu 

with  Slllllngllwt  and  with  WUllam  Ckgvtt  [q.  %. 

OOOOXiroDDE.  EDMUND  (ITSt-lMS). 
Wdli:  KnoISi>niudG«denoiwhrq.T,]:olWp 
BchoolaodCbrist  Ohatqb.Oifoiil :  lit.A„18i>; ;  D 

"  ■      i;«k,Oi' 


[iiU.  U«l 


GOODENOTJGH 


n  Dineloy-GooiJ- 

m  an  J.  DmrtBj-Coodrjre  [q.  >.].  aod  hBying 
Um  CKiaal  Mm  u  be  jtnugled  on  biwnl  bU 
BsbT,  In  KlDg'i  Rokd.  Brltlol,  1T4I:  huKnl 


't  CnlbKc  OmbrUga:  I 
-  iBBu-iuutaoT  Eton.  IMl-et :  provu 

IBOOVE,    JOHN    (leWMTW?),  o 


nIOH,  WILLIiM  11799-1- 
Blblc  Eiclopnllh  ud  Kitin 

VQK,   THOUAS  a?1B-lSl 


paru]oar-D(  Ibc  Ducbwi  of  Cl?relaml.  bnt 
■tbrmpt  Id  pcriAon  ber  cbUdiBi ;  elpert  «t 
r1b«d  by  trkeod^  ol  Fenvick  Dot  to  turn  evl- 
dB  dim.  16»7 ;  dial  In  Pran™.       [iilt  Isa] 

lAX,  CHittsToriiER  (1S30  ?-iaag;.  poritaD 

gr  of  diTinitr :  tneod  aud  o^icsgac  oE  K  noi 


I  (1M0),  □aCIl  dfprlnd  br  <> 


tbe  kin()  prtnUd  bT 
BDproiel  b]'Ui*Llgti[ 
sd  by  Sonlbej. 


eoomuK,  Sin  stepbkn  i 


BdjaUDt-i^Qitirmi :  depnC;  JLiii^adv<KKte  in  tha 
l>Qd>  nod  »t  PurH,  ISU-IS:  <!r«iBl   C3.  and 
.a.;  CDloolal  aKKfairjr  of  Bnbioe,  181S-11.  and  reiuln- 
uiel".HiJl-«*.  [«lt.  IM] 

OODDRIOH,  RICHARD  (J.  1(03;,  iwclaiutial 
3iDiDl8^Dbbr  uncU-r  Edward  Y1  imd  &IICHbeUi;  nepbew 
t  ThomM  Goodrich,  blabop  of  Ely  [q.  I,]  ;  Mclont  o( 


OOOniUCIE   or  OOOSRIOKB,   1 


OoUe^  Cambrjd)|e.  1 
PBtcr  Gimp,  London,  IJ 
biflbaf>of  Elj.liSi-H; 


Upptj  II  dT  Fniice,  IG 


;  jrllgitm :  mlrdner 
D  fiir  QtvrjSidtKy  In 

pDblLibal  opLD^onfl.  1 


mrorinlty.  4ad  obliged  1« 


■a  OoO^B,  CkmbridKe.'lSM;  M.&.,  1»S  : 
Hr  WUUun  OteU  (Lard  BdrKhlnjf);  dsui  nl 

le  el  BuiBbl^^  eiEoaton  ;  fouoded  Oiriit'e 

tj>  rAnoDH  Cunbridi^  coUugea  ;  tranAlited 
a  In  '  Butjopi'  Bible.'  aiid  uilaud  in  WlUlud 
dib  venkiD  lind  in  CaradcD'a  ■  BrlUnolB.' 

[lal  130] 
UT,    UODfBEY     nS83-toeB).    biiliop    ol 

ncpbew  of  GahritI  Goodman  [q.  v.]  :  dI 
-  Bsd  Trinity  Gallqti'.  0&iiihridK«  :  H.i.  aul 

;    t^Uwp    d(    Glootncer.    1S3II-13. 
ICH:  clurgal  vtth  ritdailstic  pnnUoiB :  bU 


OOODRIOKE.  Sir  HEKRT  (IHl-lfW), 
baninel;  H,P.  Borougbbridgl^  11173-*  Bul  lU 
™voy  filraordlnary   to  Madrid,   laTK-BS; 

COODRIOEE,    . 


[« 


..   .-,   ..  . period  ud 

_       .__.„_._ „_. -.?rHl  variability  of  fi  l^yrm 

luul  d[  J  Gi-pliel.  I/M  :  F.t(.!j.,  17M.  [ItIL  IIT] 

OOODSIX.  JOHN  (I814.lseix  aniUmlit :  Rndlcd 
at  St  AjKlnvri  and  EdlDburEb  ;  practi»d  «1ib  bti 
father  Bt  ADutTDtlier:  lived  at  Kdinburgb,  IMO,  wlCli 
Edward  FDrtMafq.  T.]:  cnratorof  Ooile^  of  Surgsom, 

anatomy,  1B«1-S  ;  prettBor  of  aDatonx.  1M«-S7 :  ruined 
hli   beaitt)  by  candea  IlTing  ; 
papm,  IBSfMa.  inelndiDg  tlioK 

nassjai:-"  —  •'•—• '  ■ 


e    thirt;    fHentiao 


keo 


L  '  Centra  m  Nl 
Old  IMR:  Vltcl 


[« 


.  1S7] 


Ooilfst,   Oidmli    Oihnd 
.  Boc.  Oxford.  [iiiL  1S»] 


aooDWni.  A 


I  Blt^oof  Dunkirk,  1MB.  (ill 
JITHUR  (1403  7-1S43),  trfedd  p 
\.  MaKdiil«nOoUe)iq,ni(Dra.li>] 

1330-1,   Aylefbury,    I«3'e-B:  coiieigue  ol  mm 


entary  a 


tt  HanipdeD>  i 


QcWnglJanahirB, 


Id  Japan,  IBSi :  acUut  jn^t*. 


GOODWIN 


510 


GORDOK 


EffvpUen  en  Pbinicle  . . .  Ac.,  au  XIV*  Sidcle  avant  notre 
6rc*  (186ftX  and  contributed  to  his  *  Melanges  Bgypto- 
lo^iquet'  (1864X  besides  editing  'Story  of  Saneha' 
(186CX  «nl  Anglo-Saxon  texts.  [xxiL  14S] 

GOODWIN,  CHRISTOPHER  (Jl.  IMSX  author  of 
•The  Ohannoe  of  the  Dolorous  Lover/  printed  by 
Wyukyn  de  Worde,  1620,  and  *  The  Maydens  Dreme,* 
1642,  two  poems.  ["II.  l-**] 

GOODWIN,  FRANCIS  (1784-1 886X  architect;  ex- 
hibited  drawings  at  Royal  Academy,  1822-34 ;  designed 
town-hall  and  assembly-roomA,  3CancheAter  (now  Free 
Reference  Library^  Derby  gaol,  Bradford  exchange,  and 
Leeds  and  Salford  markets :  built  churches  in  the  Mid- 
lands :  published  *  Plans  of  the  new  House  of  Commons,* 
pronounced  the  beet  sent  in,  1833:  his  'Domestic 
Architecture*  (1833-4)  republished  as  'Rural  Archi- 
tecture,' 1836.  [xxii.  143] 

GOODWIN,  QSORGS  (A  1^20),  Latin  ven^ 
writer.  [xxlL  144] 

GOODWIN,  HARVBY  (1818-18»l>,  bishop  of  Car- 
lisle ;  educated  at  (}onville  and  Oaius  College,  Cam- 
bridge :  second  wrangler  and  second  Smith's  prizeman, 
1839  :  MA.,  1843 ;  DJ).,  1869  :  mathematical  lecturer, 
1840;  fellow,  1841;  honorary  fellow,  1880;  ordained 
deacon,  1842 ;  priest,  1844  ;  assisted  in  founding  Boclesio- 
logical  Society,  1848 ;  select  preacher  at  Cambridge,  1846 ; 
dean  of  Bly,  1868  ;  bishop  of  Ckrlisle,  1869  till  death : 
honorary  D.C.L.  Oxford,  1886 ;  published  mathematical 
and  religions  treatises.  [Suppl.  ii.  329] 

GOODWIN,  JAMBS  IGNATIUS  (1608?-1667X 
Jesuit  missioner  ;  professor  of  moral  theology  and  con- 
troversy at  LWJge.  [xxii.  1^4] 

GOODWIN,  JOHN  (1694?-1666X  republican  di- 
vine ;  fellow  of  (^eens*  College,  Cambridge,  1617 ;  M.A., 
1617  ;  vicar  of  St.  Stephen's,  Coleman  Street,  1633-46  ; 
after  his  ejection  set  up  an  independent  congregation 
there  ;  assisted  in  drafting  London  petition  against  the 
canons  of  1640 ;  held  controversies  with  London  minis- 
ters on  justification,  1638-42,  maintaining  an  Arminian 
position  :  published '  Anti-CavaUerlsme,'  1642  ;  attacked 
divine  right  In  'Os  Ossorianum,*  1643,  written  against  the 
bishop  of  Oflsory,  and  militant  presbyterianism  in 
*  ecofAaYta,'  1644,  and  *  Hagiomastix,'  1646 ;  trans- 
lated and  edited  (1648  and  1661)  part  of  the  '  Stra- 
tagemata  SatansB  '  of  Jacobus  AoonUue  [q.  v.],  an  early 
advocate  of  toleration ;  applauded  Pride's  Purge  in  '  Might 
and  Right  well  met,*  1648 ;  offered  spiritual  advice  to 
Charles  I  ;  in  • 'YftucrToaucai,'  1649  (publicly  burnt, 
1660),  defended  the  proceedings  against  Charles  I ; 
ordered  into  custody  at  the  Restoration,  but  finally  In- 
demnified ;  published  work  in  favour  of  general  redemp- 
tion, 1661  (reprinted  1840),  and  tracts  against  the  bap- 
tists, Fif th-monarcl»y  men,  and  Cromwell's  *  Triers.* 

[xxlL  146] 

GOODWIN,  PHILIP  (</.  1699X  divine;  M.A.  St. 
John's  College,  Cambridge  ;  one  of  Cromwell's  '  Triers  * : 
vicar  of  Watford,  1646-61 ;  rector  of  Liston,  1673 ;  pub- 
Usbed  'The  Mystcary  of  Dreames,*  1668,  and  theological 
works.  [xxii.  148] 

GOODWnr,  THOMAS,  the  elder  (1800-1680),  Indepen- 
dent divine;  B.A.  Christ's  College,  Cambridge,  1616 ;  M.A. 
Catharine  Hall,  1620 ;  feUow ;  D.D.  Oxford,  1663 ;  pastor 
of  English  church  at  Amheim,  1639^-40 :  member  of  West- 
minster Assembly,  1648,  but  (1644)  joined  the  'dissenting 
brethren,'  and  became  Uielr  leader ;  chaplain  to  council  (rf 
state,  1649 ;  president  of  Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  1660 ; 
a  commissioner  for  inventory  of  Westminster  Assembly, 
1660,  and  approbation  of  preachers,  1663 :  attended  Crom- 
well on  his  deathbed :  with  John  Owen  drew  up  amended 
Westminster  confession,  1668  ;  founded  Independent  con- 
gregation In  London,  1660 ;  his  works  issued  posthumously, 
(reprinted)  1861,  and  condensed  1847-60.        [xxii.  148] 

GOODWIN,  THOMAS,  the  younger  (1680  ?-1716  ?),  son 
of  Thomas  Goodwin  the  elder  [q.  v.]  ;  indepoident  minis- 
ter in  London  and  Pinner ;  edited  his  father's  works,  and 
published  'History  of  Reign  of  Henry  V,'  1704. 

[xxlL  160] 

GOODWIN  or  GODWIN,  TIMOTHY  (1670?-1729X 
archbishop  of  Cashel ;  M.A.  St.  Edmund's  Hall,  Oxford, 
1697  :  chaplain  to  Duke  of  Shrewsbury  ;  archdeacon  of 
Oxford,  1704 ;  bishop  of  Kllmore,  1714-27  ;  archbishop  of 
Cashel,  1727-9.  [xxU.  160] 


GOODWIN,  WILLIAM  (d.  1630),  dean  of  Gfarat 
Church,  Oxford:  scholar  of  westminsfeer;  D.D^  IMS; 
chancellor  of  York,  1606-11 ;  dean  of  COiristOhnrch,!!!!- 
162U ;  archdeacon  of  Middlesex,  1616 ;  chaplain  to  Jtaia I; 
vice-chancellor  of  Oxford,  1614, 1616, 1617,  and  1618u 
[xxiLUO] 

GOODWTN,  EDMT7ND  (1766-1829X  medical  vrtts; 
M.D.  Bdinbargh ;  published  two  medical  works. 

[xxiL  111] 

GOODTEAB,  JOSEPH  (1799-1899),  engraver:  en- 
graved Eastlake^ ' Greek  Fugitives '  for  Finden's  'Gsnar.' 

[xxlL  »1] 

GOODTZB  or  GOODIEB,  Sir  HENRY  (16S4-1M)^ 
colonel;  imprisoned  In  Tower,  1671-3,  for  oomplidtfii 
Norfolk's  intrigue  on  behalf  of  Mary  (joeen  of  Sooli: 
served  in  Low  Countries,  1686-6 ;  knighted,  1606 ;  ooted; 
patron  of  Michael  Drayton.  [SuppL  U.  SM] 

GOODTZB  or  GOODIEB,  Sir  HBNRY  (1671-ltin 
literary  patron ;  son  of  Sir  Henry  Goodyer  (1634-lM) 
[q.  v.] ;  friend  of  John  Donne ;  probably  kniglited  in  In* 
land,  1699 ;  gentleman  of  privy  chamber,  1606 :  fsmoa 
for  his  hospitality  to  literary  men.  Verses  by  him  appcv 
in  several  contemporary  jrablioatloQs.      [Sappl.  IL  UO] 

GOOGB,  BARNABB  (1640-1694),  poet;  kinsman  «l 
Sir  William  Ce(^  who  employed  him  In  Ireland.  1674-81; 
published  '  Bglogs,  Epytaphes,  and  Sonnetea,'  1663  (le- 
printed,  1871),  and  trauslatlons,  including  HerertiadiiDrt 
*  Foure  Bookes  of  Husbandrle,*  1677.  [xxii.  161] 

GOOKIN,    DANIBL    (161S?-1687X    writer  on  Ite 
American  Indians ;  nephew  of  ffir  Vinoent  Oookin  [q.  v.] ; 
went  to  Virginia  with  his  father ;  obtained  grants  of  lud, 
1637  and  1642;  setUed  at  Boston  (MaasachiueUsXUII: 
founded  Roxbury  school,  1646;  removed  to  Camteidfi^ 
Massachusetts,  and  became  speaker  of  the  boose,  14U: 
rant  by  Cromwell   to  settle   Jamaica,  1665;  fmgkagti 
financially  at  Dunkirk,  1669 ;  returned  to  Americs,  IMB^ 
with  the  regicides,  Edward  Whalley  and  Williain  G<* 
[q.  v.]i  whom  he  protected:  superintendent  of  Msm> 
chusetts  Indians,  1661-87 ;  major-general  of  the  oolaBj; 
1681;  buried  at  Cambridge:  his  '  Historical  Colleelioostf 
the  Indians  in  New  England'  printed  by  Msswrhagtti 
Historical  Sodety,  1792.  [xxiL  lit] 

GOOKIN,  Captain  ROBERT  (d.  1667).  psiBi' 
mentarlan ;  brother  of  Vinoent  Ckxddn  [q.  v.] ;  send 
pariiament  in  Ireland,  and  received  grants  of  knd. 

[xxiLliq 

GOOKIN,  Sir  VINCENT  (1690?-1688X  aati-M 
writer;  knighted;  created  distmbanoe  in  Monster  \t 
publishing  letter  to  Lord  Deputy  Wentwortb  attsdht 
the  Irish  nation,1634 ;  fied  to  England  on  lasoeof  vanol 
for  his  arrest.  His  case  raised  the  question  of  the  jo&U 
powers  of  the  Irish  parliament.  [xxiL  IM] 

GOOKIN,  VINCENT  (1616  ?-1669),  sorvcyor-goiail 

I  of  Ireland;  son  of  Sir  Vincent  Gkwkin  [q.  v.];  upiuHstri 

'  Irish    oonstituencies    In   Chrennwell's  iMrilamentt:_^ 

Ushed  pamphlets  (1666)  deprecating  eoforoementof  ceiB 

for  transplantation  of  Irish  to  Ckmnaught.      [xxfi.  IH] 


GOOLD,  THOMAS  (1766  7-1846X  Irish  msalcr  ta 
chancery  :  barrister,  1791 ;  had  large  nisi  prios  pnctiftj 
king's  Serjeant,  1830 ;  master  In  chancery,  1832 ;  opiMM 
the  union.  [xxiL  Ui] 

G0BANTT8,  GABHRAN  (638-660  ?>,  kingof  Soottad: 
being  fourth  king  of  Dahriada ;  saooeeded  his  brolbSt 
Congallus  I  [q.  v.],  638.  [xxiL  IM] 

GOBDON,  Sm  ADAM  DB  (tf.  ia06X    [See  GiTBDOS.] 

GOBDON,  Sm  ADAM  db  (d.  1383),  statesman  fli 
warrior ;  accompanied  Edward  I  to  England  to  unaff 
for  pacification  of  Scotland,  1304 ;  justiciar  of  Scotted, 
1810-14;  granted  barony  of  Stitcbel  by  Robert  Vna, 
1316  ;  with  Mabinson  carried  to  Avignon  letter  ssserttaff 
Scottish  independence,  1320 ;  obtained  lordship  of  Statk* 
bogie,  which  he  named  Huntly ;  killed  at  Halidoo  BIB. 

[xxlLlM] 

GOBDON,  Sir  ADAM  db  (d.  1402),  warrior ;  pnv* 
nent  in  raid  of  Roxburgh,  1377,  and  subsequent  nUi 
present  at  Otterbum,  1388 ;  fell  at  Homildon  HilL  Bk 
daughter  Elizabeth  was  ancestress  of  the  Earls  of  Ha^ 
and  the  Dukes  of  Gordon  and  Sutherland.      [xriL  16T] 

GOBDON,  Lord  ADAM  (1726  7-1801X  genersl:  m 
of  Alexander,  second  duke  of  Gtordon  [q.  v.] ;  M.P.  AlM^ 
deenshire,  1764-68,  Kincardineshire,  1774-88 ;  KrvBdvitt 


r.  mDtan  <X  Alouda  Onnl™  (1687-16*4) 

rriTi'gitiim'  a!    gDlim   ii>oaUi    oF    ttx   IXanube.   IMU 

■M  BotbnD  BliM  (lUO)  <«■[»)  Ui  HolliDd  ; 

governor    ot  BjuilorW  proylncH  of  Africa  (EgypUin), 

lgJ<-6,  otgioUlDg  a  letMr-potl  bem-«ii  Cairo  >Ed  tin 

I  UK  Rft  HOUM  pM:  imprlBiMd  till  IIM; 

Albert  Njanii.  and  nUblislilns  bj  perKuiB]  otrajUiaa 

nMoTfUUUKiifTi^uoii.          luii.ies] 

W).J»aD.ll»;  "rtiBilMiirqnUotHiintljbroii^l 

iwlltDlng  In  MPniPiijeiiM,  1876 :  relurneil,  1877,  u  goTS- 
iwr'^nenl  of  the  Soudnn  aod  of  tbe  ^UBtoriAl  provlncM 

W  JitHf  BdwmM,  the  Old  Pretmdcr,  >t  P.Tth  : 
(i(ITia™«irt«iiindilnk«olTn™n7:  t^-ivi 

four:  oTersiatl  BulflnnD,  the  slave  tradtr.  In  pmoial 
inltrvieK,    lil77,   and  coniplelily   BUppr«Md    tbe   IlHO- 

ay,  4LBXASDKR  <18W  I-I7M  ?),  intlquur:  ' 

qaia^JtipaD.IH8(i;refl'giK<l.lH«0;li>dwc<lCbiiiBe|Dvira- 

BngUmt:     pabliibnl    'Itlncninnin    ScpUs- 

nuniJing  royal  aiglnger  and  lj«d  o(  tbe  troopi  lii  Muiri- 

ITtt),  urtth  lupplemtDt  (1733) :  also '  Liv«  of 

Ui.B,  1881-!;  maiOT-KEntral,  1881;  aoceplel  comnuDdlrf 
mlonitlfomiln  South  Afric*.  1881;  nalgiwl  wboi  hi* 

dtbtatm '  of  MafM,  1730 :  ttmOrr  lo  SootWy 

rupuri  by  the  uaicberoue  BtUck  InsllgalBl  by  Mr.  guwr 
Kcietv?  for  Mli«  iflniii,  1881 ;  In  Pilntine,  IMS :  bud 

rMX  ■™J  «»  Hrjptimn  Socirty ;  »enl  to  Soath 

[ikK.  IMI 

n,  ElM  ALKIAHSBB  (i7»S'iel5),  liniUiuiiit- 

TMcne  Kgjptiili  gairlHue  111  the  SoudSD  pr»vtou>  to  lU 

nUwr  at  Oiorje  HuoUton-Gorion,  foutth  «rl 

(hamlonmen: :  Htsappoinud  at  Cairo  goiecuDr-gcwnil 

T.].  •'    'I't   Om^  ISM.  «'  Copenh.iftD,  1907, 

TtflBgtoll   in  Uk  PriIibdIi  ind  In  BclKium ; 
■TtallT  smuidtd  Bt  WiWtIcd.         [ixll.  les) 

,  of  317  iiiy..  .uocour  beintt  Bent  Iron.  ElwhuTd  loo  lilt« 

>M,  iLKIASDBR,  [bunb  Ddik  of  Ooiidok 

OORDOn.  EDWARD  STRATUOARN^IHOnQo^ 
<iaii-lH;gX  lard  ol  ippcd :  LI.B.  OIuvdw  uid  Ed 
burvh ;  CAlliid  to  Scottish  bu,  IBM ;  nlicItor-Reiieriil 
ScoHiuit  lSfl6-T  ;  Q.O,  IgM :  lord-iulvocaie,  1SB7-8  i 


OOBSOX.  ELlZ&DKrH,  DucHiSB  or  Ouhiwi 
IB44),  dftu^lircT  or  AleiBJvla  Brodke ;  DMrrle 
aurife  Hoidaii.  mirquti  o[  BiidU;,  ifm-wirdi  61 
DtGardoii  [q.  T.]:  joipo)  Pm  chiucta  of  SoitUitd 


forbidden  drgmea  uf  BMalty,  U71 :   al 


■beriffof  li . , 

murlagtol  Xmtj  Qobcd  of  Boota  w»b  Dorolc 
hkluidfluiddlgi]1tiflflWKeiiDiiilDi]]7nr'~  ~ 


Botbwell  in  plnE  to  mnidBr  Uon 


.     IT  for  Darntij't  miinJir !  locom- 

liwell  and  ilaij  on  A  Tlill  to  Ounlcj  UznlKht 
— ■""  ^' — ^'"'»ctqallji»toiBd  after  botb- 


baUllaled  br  hit  iDflDcnoe  eitr  bo:  wlUw 

caeapol  to  tte  north  iLftar  her  flight ;  jfliaaA  aw 
at  Dambarton ;  after  a  tflmporarj  affnement  v 
eonaplnil  tor  be  dcmirant*  trom  Loohleren, 
Mnry'i  sunpr  to  Bngluitl  (ISM)  beld  all  'tb 
ntlinnoe  wlUi  Ai^'l.  tut  rscrtyedMarJ'Bonlcrl 


lagoeatly  compcUol  b/  the  kirk  to  latm 
JD  of  faith :  captatD  of  the  guard  nl 
Iwd,  with  ErroU,  u  rubeUlon  tn  die  nor 
lltoi  to  Jaoida  VI ;    prDl«ct^  hj  t 


[iiH.  1»1 


nonal  bsfore  thepriTj  coundl  and  impri* 

OOaSOK,  OBORQI^  Rcond  Uaitqvn  a 
•t.  IMD),  «I Jwt  »n  ol  Gtora*  Oordon.  tilth  nn  ua  ant 
lurquii  [q.  <.] :  Educated  'hi  Bnsland.  aDd  enated  ]hll 
if  BDik;r:oinmaiidaiDompah7  0f  fnu^a/wln?nid; 
mated  YlKDUat  of  Abojne,  ItU :  ncocdEd  hli  blVt. 
Bie:  nfuKd  to  aabmrlhe  iha  ooTtnant,  l«K:  llrin^ 
ibeo  UFutenant   of  the   north,  from  Btrmthha(Ji  If 


t  AiBTll  to  Oalthna 


Coloael  UeoEisat  Dafaiabt^  Ifr 


H  lor  Ourta  I 


aotHOH,  OEOTUSE,  tint  Dmn  of  Gohdoi  ail 

fourth  MABgmB  ov  Sum.r  (lBia-in«),  neoBtid  N 

military  ieni«  with  tbeFroebaod  thePrtnofotOrun 
lS7S-t :  crcitaJ  Duke  of  Oonlan  at  lutltnitiai  ol  Claio- 
houfo,  1684 ;  appaintol  hf  Junes  II  prlTT  eouneUlor  ail 
apUUi  of  Edinburgh  Caatie,  leM:  lurmidcnl  the  »A 
to  the  eoDveutliiD  of  eeutei,  1«S>;  ierctul  Ibm  ifkc- 
wanlt  ImprlBoued.  (uii.  mj 

OOKDOB,  QBOROB.  Bnt  BtRi.  i>r  Asnum  (lOT- 
J  ....     jjjbn  (jortm  (t 


naldaitoftbe  ProUstanl 


[uiLW] 

in  GEORGE    (1IH-I79JX  w^l^ar: 

Lud^renhaU,   ]7rt-8l;il 


.  .  lUd  petitlBO  " 
So-Poperj  nots  of  1780;  aoquittid  o 
again   appearo]    aa    p— — ' — '    -*- ' 


[lilt  IM] 

aOBSair,OBOR(iE(lBOS'lB7B).  horUcultaral  nltir  1 
Itb  Kabtn  (ilmdlanlug  publlibed  TlnetDiil'  O^i. 
1th  aupplimr'nt  (IMJ).  *    [MiLMl 


i';  Scotiah  rupraraWW 


prwtdmtur  Society  of  *i 


it  Ok  lodl  and  the 


l.pn«nriBg  p 
wta  GnlKil: 


miifl  undo'  Ph!.  IHM-E  ; 
la  tbs  SoottiEb  cbureh  b; 
)■  art  of  IMt;  taniga 
net  witb  FruKD  tbioogb 

',  IBM:  Mknrsd  F«l  oat 


I  EoplartMtlol  Tills  BUI,  lUl :  brai«bl 
at  lad  Dabjr  b;  jolalDg  (b*  wUgi  on 

Id  uid  ItaUEa,'  18H;  fernd  Into  Uh 


■d 

■tmUuWr  AbWrj.    HIb  co 
ate)  by  blH  *>d.  Sir  A. 

Uoq';  K.G, 

n,  Oonioii, 

niLlOU] 

lEORUB 

(17;o^ls»)Cl.v 

^ulic  pa*: 

id  brotluTR, 
BKRtETTA.  'Lady  HEorlelu'  (jT,  laM). 
D  Prions  HcnrictU.  Diuibon  o[  Urlaiis  ^ 
n  Gordon.  «1v:ottnt  Ueljfitni ;  <dg™tft1  In 
4;  «i(«red  tbewrrlneof  AruKof  AiutrbL 
•  of  Ibc  Due  d'Orlfaiu,  aod 


[>" 


.  *J)1 


olHEH&y  WILLUlI(ieiS-lHH7X<ui 
:  UWIkt  a(  ObulH  George  ODrdou  fn.  T. 
nj,  int-U  :  0^.  (Or  HTilca  In  Orlnw 
UT-COKnl.  1B7»:  K^.ft,  187- 
n  tbe  UIk  of  Cbai]m  George 

.UIB8  (IH1-1«M>,  Jt«)i;  (IfUi  na  of 
Imrtb  Hui  of  Huntly  [q.  t.)  :  while  00 
tber  WlUUm  Oricbton  [q.  T.]  loSootliDd. 
--ilh  OeoTKS  Hij  (<(.  IMSl  [q.  t.].  uid  »a- 
Hil  el  ErroU :  beld  ooDArHUB  witta  |in>- 
Rioi  la  preHnDE  alJuM  VI,  1*88 :  «Dl 
Eo  Rome  lo  arTmn^  lor  rcatorvClon  of 

;d]eauPirli.  '     [iiU.  9M] 

&MBS  (IH)-1«1),  JHUlt;  rHTlor  o(  tlie 

■lit  Pmrit.  HIM  iraita  Ui'clvde  bIbUnI 
U9»  AQd '  Opiu  Obrooolo^cTUrD,'  1013. 


flpnnlBhoiHi'nijoff  llol*.  1808;  1 
Active  reoelvBl  ^Cd  onliLl  for 

arioiidnia  Id  Amolcui  inr»  wbl 


OfiBOOK,  JAXm  ALRXAHDER  (lTllt-187>>,  pbnl- 
BUa;  XJ).  Bdinbotitb.  1HU;  7.R.C.P.,  t8M  ;  o^Kir, 
!■»;  phjiloiuta  tb*  Londoa  Hnpiliil,  ins-M;  with 
Dr.  Ifankwuhi  tililUhed  •  Quarterly  Jaunal  of  fordgu 
VeOliiliieaBdSiugerT/IHIS.  [mil.  M»l 

OOBOOV,  JAHES  BSIITLKT(1THI-I81IIX  hhHoriui ; 
B.A.  Trinity  OolleKc,  DubllD.  1771 :  Inaamlma  of  Caooft- 
way,  Oort  and  Klllegney.  WeifoiM  ;  publlibHl  worta, 
luoludlsE  -  RlKorj  of  tbe  RfbeUion  In  Inlaml  In  17«8,' 
1K1.  and  'SUtoi?  of  ItEland.'  18U6,  Ac         [iilL  MS] 

aOSDQX,  JAHES  BDWAHD  HSKRT  (lHI-18))), 
electrical  eDifiaear  ;  idq  of  Jjunv  Alerands  Qordoa 
(l7l8-UT3)(q.T.);  B.A. Oalni OoUige. dainliridge,  1871 : 
mnnaaer  of  deelrlo  Ugbtlng  depanmenl  of  m^npta 
OouBtnjrtloD  and  UaintenaiiH  ODmpany,  1B8> :  eo^UHr 
toMFtrapalltuBlEqtTioSqpplyOoDipany,  IBS8-8 1  ituled 
practice  with  Ur.  W.  1.  Blrlogloo,  [889 :  UA-Oji,  1880 : 
pobliihed  worke  od  electricity.  [SuppL  IL  131] 

OOBJDOK,  Sir  JAMES  WILLODQHBV,  flr 


^18S1>.?e 


Gibraltar,  tin 

...     _»«U>..l*'l..'>',tl»  WniieW: 

and  afterwarda  _       _ 

1831 :  BOnnl,  IMl :  onaled  tuonet,  18U ;  privy  soob- 
diior.  imo  ■    D.aa,  ISil ;    pnbUabri  (I8D9)  •  Uutan 
of  tbe  Britlib  bipfi^'  18Ut-7.  [iiU.  810] 
JANB,  DtroEBH  or  aaKtHin  (17487-lBU). 


rtor-gnml  la   r  

Both  Qnarti; 


In  diplomatla  Dcgot 
leeroad  Id  plDl  for  n 

nary:  attaintol  while  la  TU 

HunUy :  poiaHMd  at  Halnudak,  probabG  at  iaiUaiHDD 
ot  UeorEV,  fbortbtBrl  ot  Oalttanm  [ixU.  Ill] 

Salilbary ;  pro- 


UbDp  Tbotou  Jnwptl  Nicbolwu    [q.  v.], 
n  B™tlu)i,  irw;    Br'    ■' — ' 


vliUMrlcI.  irsi-tii. 

US  (USI-mi).  eoHntrlc;   Hillcltor 


lii.  K171 


Tday  Hook.' 

liH  JAUES  ALBXAND! 

lud  iu  tbe  Goliath  at  St.  ' 


(178J-lf 


OOBSOH,  Sir  JOHN, 

I  dlstint^lBbcd  hlmwll  oi^ 

Ili39,  and  jolnod  Cbflrlcs  I  in  Kokilaud 

I  beheaded  at  Udinburgb. 


OOBSOH.  JOHH,  UiiHiwdUi  n 


■,  JOHN  (UH-USflX  bUliop  ot  Oiillo»; 


OOKSOII.  S 


OHN  WILLIAM  {1814-18rox  najor 
romliiuit   In    ilara    o[    Scbogtopal 


la  Kortoh  eipedlllop  ;  ikpaly  Bdji 


rorUBDatiOHi :  Ulled  1: 
OORSOH.   Lord 


OOADOK,  LUOY,  LiD) 


Cburoh,  Oxford;  cai«oi 


dial  al  MonlnnU. 
DUFF-  <lgIl-IMO)."isiM 
113-1881).  dMne:  olObi 


K  (fl.  Uls-lsso).  poet:  purbapi 
bulbar  ot  ■  A  staorte  Abrld^iment  of  BriWDH  Dinemtitr  * 
(pHnled,  1844);  pabliiliBl  'Ncptuniu  BrlUnolt^ua  Ogiy- 
Hoait;  lei*.  B>  wriJ  lu  u  i«ai  on  flnioe,  ind  ■  Flm  Itooh- 
.  . .  ol  Pensrdo  uid  Laiiaa,'  161(.  [nil.  SJS] 

DOBIKlIf,  TATIUCK  (lG3S-ieM),  ficnenil  uid  frlaid 
»r  Peur  the  Qmc:  Ml  ScolUnd.  ICM  ;  Kriei  alter- 
■uiWI;  the  SwHlu  uid  tlic  rein :  stUmpt«d  BBasslaiition 
■t  WmJer.  IGta,  of  iUoliud  llnidahaw  [q.  v.],  maitating 
bim  for  Uie  prMideut  at  Uw  trial  of  Glurlefl  I  ;  enlend 
tha  Rdb«1»ii  nrvlob  IMl :  Bippreued  rt  nvolt,  IMS ;  do 
ro  ToiU  ftDO  UwUknlM ; 

LB  TuUin,  l«eT :  wIMad  FeUr  ii 


Petcreborg  uclilTCH)  ediui!  b; 

OOEDOW,  PRVSE 
'  P««uid  Mtmoi™.'  IR 
ia34;lnuii  l!ll6Uc(idi 

ooUKiir.  a 


4  GOBDOXT 

dSToilli  or  twdttli  Esrl  of  8oUierliuid  [q.  v^:  |ail» 
muTloiI  betrcss  of  Jobu  Oonloo  (1M4-U1RI  h'  r.Lilu 

tinwa  OliarlH  I  uid  lili  queen :  tberia  of  lonnKii^ln. 

lot  of  PcoUBDd,  1SS4 :  meduur  daring  (be  diH  tv : 
fDUnder  of  lamOj  or  ""  '      '" "        ..-."-..-.. 
Hletoi;  of  tbe  Kukli 
Weber,  1813. 

aoRSOV,  SOBEKT  (UBO-IWl),  of  SMod.  ■» 
ffrHpher;  flrffi^r^HAteof  HnriBoliAl  OoUega,  i^taitm' 
mdiiled  between  Hnntlj  ud  MaDtroHi  ooincMiri 
DDcnpleCa]  Rmt'i  nupi  fOr  BntlUb  icetioD  nl  BIbiA 
'  AUu  *  (Tol.  tL  of  IflU  cdltJon)  and  oontilbiiBd  'Bl- 
nurki  OD  ttae  ObuU  of  Us  Ancient  ScoU ' ;  vrMc  fudi 
bUtorf.  wblcli  William  Ooivlon  otillaed  :  inppliel  imi*- 
rials  (or  tbr  'Sqali  Affairs'  of  bLi  lOD  Jtttna  Oartia 
(iei6  ?-l«9e)  [q.  T.]  ol  Ilothlamaj.  [iilL  Vi] 

GORDON,    Sir  ROSKRT  (lUT-lTOIX  '»r  Hobol 

Oordon  (1S8U-1U6)  [ii.  v.]:  knlghled.  ItTl;  nocaW 
u  banliKl,  ie8e  ;  genUeman  of  Jams  II*!  haa^nit: 
member  of  Sdota  psrUajneuc  of  l»l-4,  ami  of  onia- 
tlona  of  IDiS,  IMI-J,  iset-g  ;  cornqwndent  at  BofH: 
Innmlol  a  pomp:  F.R.S,,  IBM.  [iianr) 

OOEDOH,  ROBERT  (l««e-L:U).laander(<G«d«t 
College  (formerl;  Ha«piU1X  Alwln^  ^  iranlm  M 
Robert  Gonlou  (ie8tMa61)[q.T. 


iHTfect  ol  Radla  at 

arrralod  in  Loodoa,  .     .,     _.  _ _  . 

hli  maoucrlpt  tnoalation  at  tba  Kew  Twiamal 

appTDToj  at  Rome.  [rilL  S3I 

OORSOir.  RiH  ROBERT  11791-184').  ditdmnll 

OO&DOM,  HOBBUT  (17M-I8S1).  Vrre  tbanb  <ai 
ter  :  D.D.  Marlsobal  GoUan.  Abcrdao.  miTmUilnii 
tba  HL^h    Oburcb,   Edlaborifb,  1830;    Bnpportad  n 

bad  lo  proDDunn  di^Uoo  of  Ibe  Stnttatmelc  inU 
lera:   svODdal    Tbomaa  Obilmen  [q.  v.].  I8U:  Iv    - 
•alabllihal  cburcb.  IHtl.  followal  by  bli  cnagngiiliia ;    ' 
cobtrlbulal  to  tbe '  Bdlnburgh  KnciclopBdia.' 

aomWH.  THB0IK1RB<1IBS-1S1»X  tnspertoroliml 
boapltala:  U.S.  Edinborgb.  lIMt:  annj  lorgwn  ia  l>* 

pbTBielaa  to  the  forqea.  ____  .   , 

radical  board  of  war  c^fioe ;  deptrtj' 
boipltalj.  1838. 

OOSDOV.  TI 
SUenpBofthe'Di 

imMj  paper  called 


S  (d.  UK),  a 


bonie  of  liuttierlaDd ; 


ROBBltT  (ItSD-taSB).  b 


relief  of  Albeii». 

RevoluUon.''  1S33.  aud 

eORBOH,  WILLIAH(if.  lt;7XlBi 

Uibop  at  Aberdeen:   fourth  ac 

tblrd  earl  ol  Uontlj  [q.  r "    " 


(d  upalltla 

A[«oa,lBfMl:Ber\ 

:  publlabed  -HlilorT  of  Ok  On* 


[IiLL  MS] 


Brtgg. 

WILLIAM,   gliCh   YiKonsT 
Mie:   indnod  by  )lii  wife,  iliter 


[q.  ».].  lojolnrWngol 


!  nppolnial  bj 


ad  InwiitheTn  BcoUiind  i  tnUcd 

WILUAM  (ir»-ltllff),lDdepradent  minis- 
Aod  Gnvd  lADB,  SoathwATk ;  Lu  Amerlci, 

xj  la  Waflbijiff^ri.  uid  cfaHplmlD  to  proriD' 
f  HiiFQAChiiKtu ;  D.D- Kcur  Joncy ;  pvtor 
L7W-IBU3  ;  poblUbarl  ■  History  ot  the  Rifip 
Da  0(  tbc  ValtBX  Stales,'  17H.  [IIlL  331] 

WILLIAM  nT7l)-lSXI),  Onells  port: 
orgn  So»  Oordon  [q.  T.j;  whUc  BorTLnif 
LOUilei  In  Irelutd  vcnlc  OheIIc  bymni  uid 
id  u  'Ihuitadb  SptorndiU'  IBOJ. 

WILLIAM  llBOO-lglD),  philnnthrnput ; 
^  1^1:  phjflloliui  bt  EqU;  Anhject  or 
I'l  'CbrlAlui  tbUaDtbigpiiit    aiiuopLliig 

Ha.  [ixiLisej 

suxxnra.  boualbyn  asoRriB  (laio- 


□d  'QuU  pro  Qi» '  at  tbcr  UaymaFlKt,  1»M 
huckemj  la  '  NnicU  by  Emiaeut  Hands ' 
lie  for  '  And  ye  shall  wallc  la  Bilk   iUin, 

lORABLGS  STKPHBK  (inS'iaas),  geng 
rlth  4>nl  Id  (be  PndiuiilB :  took  part  ii 
Xodid  Rfldrfffo.  lAU,  uid  Bftdajos.  1S13 
U)  fir  A.  Buniud  aC  SdHmnuira,  ID13  :  u 
M  TIMnU,  1811,  ind  In  Cmiadrt.  1814 :  o 


t  JOHN  ( 1771- laUX  iloc-ndiuln] ;  entered 
iMlDpililH-d  blmself  at  Conica  aud  ToDloa, 
md  bj  the  Freocb :  while  la  cDDmund  nf 
UiBCIiuuKi,lT*«-lS01,  toDk  many  prlis; 
W.  ptlB-nKHiey  after  oaptare  at  Suita 
CMtfa,  lln :  wlUi  the  UaliHa  aadrted  is 
■ddiabl^  D1ICWIII.18U1-.  knlshui,  IBoe ; 
¥lea-BdiiiIni3,  IHI ;  emnmandei  of  tbe  Sore, 
■  Bart  laUm,  lUl-e.  [uU.  KB] 

[OBTACm  (1SU0-18M).  politiolau:  wblg 
Em,  l«li-4;   (XHUoraUTe  M.F.  For  Bam- 


lOMAS  (1I13-I«M),  n 

a  GfOflTapiiic 
"hjLi^BrilllhMumiiur  '  [.xil,  SWl' 
Bm  ABTHOIt  (if,  lessx  poet  aud  traai 
oded  Itw  Wast  Epiif,  Raleicb'H  danbip,  oi 
ejage,  HOT ;  knigbted  ;  bis  accouut  ol  tb 


OOBT 

atKpnbllibBlbySaRiQdParcbiulq.  T.lin 'PIltiriDiH,' 
6-0 :  M.l'..  YanuoiiOi,  list,  CameKort.  IW8.  Donet- 
'v.  lt»l,*Dd  Rye,lML:  translalal  Lncan's '  Phar<^lls,' 
4.nudBaean'i-DL'9apleuIUV(!Urcni.'  KlP.aml  umde 
'^  BMiyS  ;   tljo  ■  AlcJDP  '  ot  dpiuiBCT'i 

(xi]\.  Wl] 
GORDES.  SIK  PBItDINANDD  (IMH  ?-16(I).  nilllUry 


Dapluialria '  and '  OoLin  Olout'd  ' 


iSiLZi. 


ot  RDiwnf'l 

Bgninit  him,  IGbi :  i^nvertior  o(  F 

reoelrnl  vnoU  ol  land  In  NonJ 
setUenienC  ot  Kew  PlyiDouth,  lei 

OOBBAV,  OBOFFRBV  o»  I 


lord  proprietary  oF 

[i.lLSU] 
ma).    [See   Gkof- 


GBOBOB     COHNBLIOS     (1787- IM7). 

dliiw  and  aaUqiiary:   [ellow  of  (Jumds'  CdUe«c,  Owd- 
brid|j^l8tQ;  third  WTKDfjIer  and  second  Sr'""' — ' 


a  (1M?J  OD  aoBHUit  Bl^Oii- 

-.[^mccaOoi 

1  BxeCer.  who  wii  lapported  b 
obtained  lortltDtloa  toon  oRn  Ub  ««»«». 
nenol  hj  the  jndlclal  oommlClee  of  prlTy 
a  Busidei  hla  D»n  acoooot  d[  tbe  cmae.  Oor- 
K.lbaDkioiitbeCWf>St.NMta(lBM).and  on 
i^bauuuy,  and  luUd  ol  Haldoabead.  and  Chs 
uorb '  I,1H»X  be 

3,  OEOROB.  BtHO:<  GURI 
in  ol  OeoTga  Ooring.  «rl  ot 
DuUb  sen  lee  at  Hen  of  B 
\d  Soiteb  WATi :  rnioled  *  fir 


,  laS7:'hdd 


FairlBi  at  Beacnft  Mon,  lUa,  bnC  waa  eaptuivd  br  him 
at  Wskdldd  andnnt  to  tbeTomr:  nohaag^d  for  the 
Earl  ot  Lothian,  UU ;  oMmuandfld  left  wing  at  Uanton 
ICmr,  1B44 ;  Uentemuitrfsneral  ot  tbe  m^  armj  In  tba 
UDth  :  made  •uceewfol  obaigi  at  aeeond  battle  of  Kew- 


[aill.  mj 


OOHISO.  QE0R0E,BlItL(J»fJoKwicB(llg3?-lMB>, 
royalist ;  educHted  at  Hidnuy  fliinsci  Ooll<^.  Oaiobridge ; 
geothnnan   ot  tbe  prlTy  i:bnuiber  lo  Henry,  prince  ol 

fools':  aceompanled  Prinoe  Chatloi  lo  Spain,  l«3li 
ufHoUaUd  hlH  mairlagi  witb  Henrietta  Harta  ol  Pranoi  i 
became  bra  tnaaterot  the  horH  and  Banm  (}orlng,  leM : 
recti  Ted  nomeroni  olllca  and  gnaU ;  '  tbe  leader  ot  the 
monDpaliBt* ' ;  privy  onniDlllar,  un ;  ipenC  money  fie^ 
lor  tlWlee  I  anrins  the  cItU  wari  aooompaided  the 
qaeoD  la  and  bom  Holland.  1M1-1 :  as  enny  to  Pranog 
obtained  from  M  ■-    ' ' '""■ 


Earl  of 


or  high  t 


(IStB)H 


Lenliiail  ;    witb   Dhulte 
employed  in  nc^tlaUons 
oupUin  ot  tbe  guard  and  | 
OOXBIB,    em  JOHS    . 


»lonla1    judgs ! 
:  bi«au  pracUceat  Kng^lsb 


btr  of  legisUtiie  counml  of  I'lji    - 

tiistlos  of  Leeward  islandi,  and  knlehtal, 
iaslico  of  Trinidad,  ' 


IhodBoTadniltdnenng  Jortlce, 

[BappL  U. »!] 
rr.   [See  TsauuB,  Ohableb, 

ll3 


GOBTON 


616 


QOTEB 


OOSTOir,  JOHN  (d.  188S),  oompUcr;  pablisbed  'A 
General  Biographical  Dictionary/  1888,  and,  witli  6.  N. 
Wright, '  A  TopographiGal  Dictionary  of  Great  Britain 
and  Ireland,'  1831-3.  [xxiL  251] 

OOSTOir,  SAMUEL  (J.  1677),  founder  of  the  Gor- 
tonites ;  of  Gorton,  Lancashire :  went  to  New  England, 
1086;  lived  at  Boston  and  New  Flynioath;  obliged  to 
remove  to  Rhode  island ;  made  himself  obnoxious  to  the 
authorities  by  his  aggressive  spirit ;  parchased  land  from 
the  Narragansett  Indians  at  Shawomet,  1643 ;  ejected  by 
Massachusetts  govenmient  and  imprisoned  for  heresy  at 
Oharlestown,  1643;  came  to  Englaml,  1644;  published 
'Simplicities  Defence  against  Seven-Headod  PoUcy,*  1646 
(reprinted  1886);  having  obtained  protection  against 
Massachusetts  goveniment,  returned  to  Shawomct,  1648, 
renaming  it  Warwick  in  honour  of  his  protector ;  pub- 
liiihud  religions  tracts  with  an  eccentric  pbraseolog}*. 

[xxii.  261] 

GOSCELIK  or  G0T8ELIN  (Jl.  1009X  biographer ;  mme 
to  Kngland  with  Bishop  Hermann  of  Salii^bury  ;  livud  in 
moiuu«t<?ry  of  rnntcrbnry  ami  other  houMW ;  wrote  lives 
of  St.  AuguHtine  (dedicated  Ut  Ans^lm),  and  St^  Swithun 
and  other  saints,  and  'HL^torin  Tmni^Uitionis  S.  Angus- 
tini' ;  highly  commended  by  William  of  MiUmc«bury. 

[xxiL  263] 

qOSFOBB,  Barom  (IGIG  7-1679).  [See  Wkodeububn, 
Sir  Prter.] 

G08LIKO,  JANE  (d.  1804),  author;  pablisbed 
*  Moral  Essays,'  1789,  and  '  Ashdale  Village.' 

[xxiL  264] 

008LIKG,  RALPH  (1698-1758X  topographer ;  writ- 
ing-master and  schoolmaster  at  Sheffldd;  published 
earliest  known  map  of  Sheffield,  1732.  [xxiL  264] 

OOSirOLD,  BARTHOIiOMEW ((/.  1607),  navigator: 
sailed  from  Falmouth  in  the  Concord,  1602 ;  discovered 
Oape  Ood  and  adjoining  islands,  1602:  a  leader  of  the 
expedition  which,  imder  the  auspices  of  Sir  Ferdinando 
(kirges  [q.  v.],  discovered  the  (]apes  of  Virginia,  and 
founded  Jamestown,  1606  ;  died  at  Jamestown. 

[xxiL  254] 

008NOLD,  JOHN  (1626  7-1678),  anabaptist;  of 
Ohartcrhouiie  and  Pembroke  Hall,  (Cambridge ;  during  the 
civil  war  founded  baptist  congregation  in  Paul's  Alley. 
Barbican,  London,  and  attracted  large  audiences ;  pub- 
lished tracts  against  infant  baptism.  [xxiL  266] 

OO8PATRI0  or  008PATBI0,  Earl  of  Northdm- 
BRRLAKi)  (fl.  1U67),  probably  the* Gains  patriciua '  who 
accompanied  Tostig  to  Rome,  1061 ;  bought  from  Wil- 
liam I  earldom  of  Northnmbria,  1067,  but  joined  rising 
against  the  king,  1068 :  took  part  in  DaucA*  sack  of  York, 
1069 ;  his  earldom  restored  on  submission,  but  again  for- 
feited, 1072  ;  fled  to  Scotland  and  Flanders ;  received  Dun- 
bar from  Malcolm  of  Scotland.  [xxii.  256] 

0088.  ALEXANDER  (1814-1872),  Roman  catholic 
bishop  of  Liverpool :  vice-prcoident  of  St.  Edward's 
Oollege,  Everton,  1843-53 ;  coadjutor  bishop  of  Liverpool, 
1863 ;  bishop,  1856-72 ;  contributor  to  C>hetham,  Holbein, 
and  Manx  societies.  [xxii.  256] 

0088,  Sir  JOHN  (1800-1880),  musical  composer; 
Obapel  Royal  oborister  and  pupil  of  Thomas  Attwood 
[q.  v.]  :  organist  of  St.  Luke's.  Chelsea.  1825 ;  of  St.  Paul's 
C^theriraL  1838-72 ;  won  Gresham  prixc,  1833  ;  knighted, 
1872 ;  Mus.  Doc.  Cambridge,  1876 ;  published '  Introduction 
to  Harmony.'  1833,  and  (with  Turle)  *  Cathedral  Services,' 
1841,  and  'Chant»,  Ancient  and  Modem.'  1841 ;  composed 
many  anthenu  (including  one  for  Wellington's  funeral), 
ordiestral  worlu  and  glees.  [xxii.  257] 

O088S,  EMILY  (1806-1857).  religious  writer ;  first 
wife  of  Philip  Henry  Gosse  [q.  v.]  :  published  devotional 
verse  and  rcUgions  and  educational  tracts.     [xxiL  258] 

O088S,  PHILIP  HENRY  (1810-1888),  zoologist; 
Willie  in  a  whaler's  office  at  Carbonear,  Newfoundland, 
devoted  himself  to  study  of  insects ;  after  farming  in 
Canada  and  the  United  States  retamed  to  England,  1839, 
and  published  *  The  Canadian  Naturalist,*  1840,  and  '  In- 
troduction to  Zoology,*  1843  :  collected  birds  and  insects 
in  Jamaica  for  British  Museum,  1844-6 ;  ispued  '  Birds  of 
Jamaica,'  1847  (with  plates,  1849X  and  'A  Naturalist's 
Sojourn  in  Jamaica,*  1851 ;  suggested  a  marine  a^iuarium 
in  *  Rambles  on  the  Devonshire  Coast,*  1853,  n  work  followed 
by  '  The  Aquarium,'  1854,  and '  Manual  of  Marine  ZooLogy,' 


1855-6;  F.R.&.1856:  pnbliihed 'AetinologiaBntaiiBkt,' 
1858-60,  and  *  Romance  of  Natural  HisUny,'  IMO,  Ud; 
devoted  last  yean  to  rotifera  and  oorohids.     [xxiL  SM] 

008SELZN,  THOMAS  LE  MARCHANT  (1765-1857). 
admiral ;  entered  navy,  1778 ;  captured  in  the  Anlmt  off 
Plymouth,  1779 ;  assisted  in  reduction  of  Sarinam.  17M : 
o(mvoyed  troops  to  the  Tagus,  1808,  and  covered  ai]iiukft> 
tton  at  Comiia,  1809 ;  vice-admiral,  1826  ;  aduinO,  184L 

[xxiL  KO] 

0088ST,  ISAAC,  the  ekler  (1713-1799X  modeOer  d 
portraits  in  wax  :  exhibited  with  the  Incorporated  Sode^ 
of  Artists,  1760-78.  [xxiL  211] 

0088ET,  ISAAC,  the  younger  (17357-1812X  bibBo- 
grapher;  son  of  Isaac  Gornet  the  elder  [q.  v.j;  MJL 
Exeter  College,  Oxfonl,  1770 ;  the  Lepidna  of  Dibdin^ 

*  Bibliomania ' :  asrtigted  in  Dibdin's  *  Introdnction  to  the 
Classics,'  1H()2,  and  John  Nichols's  editton  of  Bowjor*! 

*  Critical  Conjectures  and  Observations  on  the  New  Terta- 
meut.'  1782  ;  P.ILS.,  1772.  [xxlL  261] 

O088ET,  MATTHEW  (1683-1744X  wax  moddlff  a«l 
member  of  Spalding  Society:  ancle  of  Laaac  (Soshi 
the  elder  [q.  v.]  [xxiL  261] 

(H)88ET,  MONTAGUE  (1792-1854),  anigeoD:  a 
favourite  pupil  of  Sir  AsUey  Cooper  [q.  v.]  ;  practiiBdia 
the  city  thirty-four  years;  hon.  F.R.C.S.,  1843;  intio- 
dooed  improved  tcmsil  iron  for  enlaiged  tonsUa  ud  nitric 
add  for  the  destmction  of  nsBvL  [xxiL  2S2] 

GOBSOir,  STEPHEN  (1654-16S4),  antbor:  BLA 
Corpus  Christi  College,  Oxford,  1576 ;  ranked  bj  MflV 
among  '  the  best  for  pastorall ' ;  his  plays  not  now  a- 
tant :  attacked  poets  and  players  in  his  *  Schools  if 
Abuse,*  1579  (often  reprinted);  defended  it  in  *£tahe> 
merides  of  Phialo'  (1579);  replied  to  Lodge  and  rOt 
Play  of  Playes'  in  *Playes  confuted  in  Fine  AOkam,* 
1582  :  evoked  by  his  onantboriaed  dedications  of  his  wki 
to  Sbr  Philip  Sidney,  Sldn^'s  *  Apologie  for  Poetrie*(p^ 
lished.1595):  rector  of  Great  Wigboroagh,  1591,  and  8L 
Botolph's.  Bishopsgate,  1600.  [xxiL  KXl 

O0880ir,  THOMAS  (Jl.  1598X  pablfsber  of  *F^ 
Confuted,'  1682 ;  probably  brother  of  Stephen  Ooaa 
[q.  v.]  [xxiL  2B4] 

008TLIK,  JOHN  (1666  ?-1626>,  master  of  GoniiDi 
and  C%\uB  College,  Cambridge ;  M.A.  CkmviUe  and  Ckta 
College,  Cambridge,  1590 ;  feUow,  1592-1619 ;  MJ)n  IM: 
M.P.,  Barnstaple,  1614 ;  twice  vice-ohancellor :  OuaJbriift 
regius  professor  of  physic,  1628 ;  master  of  Cioorilk  ul 
Cains  College,  Cambridge,  1619-16  ;  benefaotor  of  Orisi 
and  St  Catharine's  (^oU^jes,  Oamhoidge.        [xxiL  Ml 

QOBTISS,  JOHN  (1632-1704),  benefactor  of  Goatlk 
and  Caius  College,  Cambridge ;  rdated  to  John  GMlii 
(1566  7-1626)  [q.  v.] ;  feUow  of  Peterhoose  and  (IM) 
Caius  College,  Cambridge :  MJ).  Cambridge,  1661 ;  Tia»> 
master  of  (}aiu8  College,  1679.  [xiiL  Hf] 

G08TLIHO,  JOHN  (d.  17SS),  chorister;  BA.  8k 
John's  College,  Cambridge,  1672 ;  famoos  ban  in  (te 
Obapel  Royal,  for  whom  Pnroell  wrote  the  anthem  *1lbV 
that  go  down  to  the  sea  in  ships ' ;  vicar  of  Littloboonik 
sub-dean  of  St.  Paul's,  and  prebendary  of  Linoohi. 

[xxiLW] 

008TLXVO,  WILLIAM  (1696-1777),  antiqnaij :  M 
of  John  Goetling  [q.  v.] ;  MJL  St  John's  OoOen,  (Sw- 
bridge,  1719  ;  minor  canon  of  Canterfoory,  1727-77  ;iietf 
of  LitUeboume,  1733-53,  of  Stone  in  Ozncgr,  17IS-TT: 
published '  Walk  in  and  about  the  (}ity  of  OmtortnT.* 
1774 ;  his  rendering  into  verse  of  Hogarth's  expeditioD  lo 
Canterbury  (1732)  inserted  In  Hone's  *  Table-book  *(n- 
printed,  1872).  [xxiL  181] 

G08TNHYLL,  EDWARD (/.  1660),  poet;  aatbfftf 
*8cole  House  of  Women*  (1541,  aQ(m.X  reprinlei  kf 
B.  V.  Utterson  (•  Select  Pieoes,*  1817).  [xxiL  MQ 

G0TAFBIDU8  (>f.  1290).    [SeeJoiBOi.] 

OOTEB  or  O0THE&,  JOHN  (d.  1704),  Jmm 
oatbolic  divine ;  educated  as  a  presbyterian  ;  at  Utaii 
1668-82:  his  'Papist  Misrepresented  and  RcqpreMsM' 
(1685,  parts  ii.  and  UL,  1687),  answered  by  StUUncM 
Sherlock,  and  Clagett ;  commended  by  Dryden  for  hk 
English  :  dial  at  Ma ;  published  *  Piope  Pius  [TV]  hisFifr 
fession  of  Fuith  vindicated,*  1687,  and  other  ouatwwiM 
works:  hiH  'Spiritual  Works'  (ed.  Rvr.  W.  OaAam, 
16  vols.,  17 18;  often  reprinted.  [xxiL  HT] 


.T 


J», 


n*  Pl™  of  PrMbyterj,'  and  ot 

IBBRT  (lUl  ?-17W),  fnJepeniait  ai 
J  More  [q.  t.]  it  Ohii«f<  OoU^a, 
oi  St.  Helm'e,  Ipiiridtt  l«i»-«J:  i 


aOMie  (ieo»-l8Sl),  nonamfonnlJt 
ifitti  Km  ot  Bobert  Goujpi  [q.  i 
'troUegcCamDridgc:  Mlaw.  iniM : 


unD^ug' ;  frlorid  Df  Tboraos 


HO!llAa<lfiM?-lTaa),LtlileiKn)nit 
ionge  [q.  T.] :  putflT  Dt  BDttlUb  nb 
t  ol  iDdepemlenl  oonunKiillou  In  Fn 


ben  be  i^tatnl  'tbe  Mmbn 


»  of   Mndkl,  It 


T :  deprlT«L  fur  ddud 


>r  OOHaS,  JUUN 

^tm-C;  Lmpiiwunl 
iliBluI  flrel  Kattltt' 
[»iU, S7B] 


K  (igio?'ifiai).    [See  GoFre.] 


Boeliiml  mid  m .  — 

FliJiBddpliii :  pobltitaBd  >Aoeobl(«n|ih;'  (IMS  lud 
18n),'0r«HiD»'(l«").«"»l'*berwMta.      [mU.1781 

QODOS,  HI0BARDtl7U-lBU)l),uiUi|iury;  cdontsl 
■c  OhriM'i  Oollcgt,  OambiUss ;  F^.A„  17ST,  iwil  diiwUH 
ot  litt  ■mimy,  17:i-»7;  F.flJL,  177* ;  contribntot  lo 
'OeaUnnKD'i  MtwaiinB'  u  ^D.  H,';  nude  excurilona 
througta  Bngbud  in  twm^  Tnn.  of  Cm  usDinpuilcd  bf 
JolinNiclwl.  [q.  v.] :  pabllihel  ibout  twmlj  worfci.  Id- 
iTluiIin|i'BrltU'bTDpognp1ij'(l7a8(i>lI78UX-Bepalcbnl 
Houumnils  at  Onat  Britabi^  (178B,  ITH,  17W),  u  oU- 


II.  17»1 

GOOOH,  BTEPHEN  (iaat-l«M).    [ShOuitk.] 
OODCIB.    STRICKLAND    (rf.    176J),  «nitfovml»l 
Tiler :  nOor  oF  SwnjtSeld  uid  vlcur  o(  SwiutUoil,  Lis- 
jliMblrB :  puliUilial  -  Enquiry  ioin  tb«  Cauaeaof  chg  Ducaf 
[  tlie  DIuentiDE  IoI<3»l '  (17SU.  uxm.)       [nil.  »ai 
OOVOH,  THOMAS  (161lt-lB3D).    [See  GonK] 

oouffH,  wiixiAii  (d.  ia7e?x  [*•  goh«i 


i'leai).  BDiiqnit 


i  aA. 


??crrd;"S 

'puhUiil.  UK : 

Triiimphsn-s- 16*13.           '              ''              [nil.  SdJ] 

prU.^l.lM.1.^           ■ 

[^Sn?!]^ 

OOUOHK  or   aom.  nODBllT  (d.  IUMJ,  m^tor  m 

:S«»1bpOo(tk.] 

l»w:  b«rTi»I«,lHMIeTanp1e,lBll>;  pteriDoiily  lerVHl  In 

JJEXAITDBB  DIOK  (l»l>l-lWll.»rclilWpt 

£'Al^*iB7i*7"i"'b 
•UoRLon.  Kortli  London. 

".nd'^bere; 

BOWL                 *"                         fHTsrai 

l»my.n™Tl>«. 

[..IL  I7B] 

OOULSUSir.    BUWARO    MSYRICK    (UIS-ISBTJ, 

If  KiTtoD  Collon,  I^ 


flcK  IMfl-BB. 

[Snppl.  It.  11 


HRNKY     <17«4-1SIB), 


l«^  Oambtidge.  1 


Tltbo  CampiiBltlon 


,  Wdt  LoK.  Armaglj  dty.  an)  ( 
(lUI-H):  UDcla-sBcrnnry  for  1 
>r  war  and  tbc  ndouiu,  ISlS-ai :  i 

^77™ 


iiiler  FeeU  luit-i,  c 


nCorl 


,  Df  1041  fiffFAtod 

1  nml  a  quarter :  f  rlEod  and 
inl,  isa.  [xiU.  IH3] 

itx>.SiH  CHAItLG8(17M- 

„  ,_.„ „ ;  caucalal  aV  WouniBster 

uid  Vbriit  Obunb,  Oitonl;    M.A„  IIW;  lion.  D.aji, 


]8U0>,  Jiulneail 


GOTILD 

1773;  hMTliler,  lti*lte  Temple,  ITW;  jiirli 
Enwral.  17T1:  cluoodlot  at  Sall«bnri, 
BreeOD.  1718-87,  Drntni  counCf,  1787-1S(M 
1779;  cr«lBd  b»im»t,  l!»J:  priiy  conni 
aKumid  name  of  UorKBO,  I7»9. 

OOOLS,  QBOBGB  (181ft-lB«X  tantlit 
SabUn,  Sntn,  uil  ( lH>-89)  St.  Uut'b  Ohup 


V  the  Aot  Df  DDitomltr.  leil.' 
lODLD,  Sir  HBNBY,  tl 

later.  MIridJe  Temple.  1< 


QDULD,   am    HBHRY, 
JTul^ ;  ^muMflim  dF  Sir  Her 
'  -  r,  MiiMleTemple.  ■" 


a  (1M4-1710).  indge ; 
T.],iesG:  iPdKcai 

[1X11.  SB«] 
ingn-    (17IO-I7M). 


ACfl. 


(17IO-I7M). 
encheqUET,  1781 :  tnuftiivl  lo  cammon  picas,  I7«9. 

ooviiii,  JA^fBaALIPlug  (ibis-ibm).  am  nor 


lUUp  (Tlat(irta)^Mt 


iiiu.  »an 

OOirUI,  JOHN  (1804-1881).  ornltbolaglit :  toii 
demln  to  Ox  Zao1a^»l  8acl«f,  1B37:  tnvFlled  ii 
AuLraJuiii,  ISJS^U,  nuking  nliutik  atMerrmlDn]!  su 
coUbUwi  :  F  JLe_  laa ;  extHbllsl  collection  or  bdmmii« 
Unb,  IHl,  now  with  hta  Anitnllan  munmBl!  at  SouU 
genijugtoa;   palillitud  fortf-oue  tnlloi  on  binla.  »itt 


.  _Jadiog  ■ 

w  HlDMlinn  UnmUInh'  183 
U7,  'Binb  of  Aiutnllii,'  1 
«l-BII.'Diidin( 


oouLD,  hod: 

Ohnr1«,e>irl   of   D 

Biitliu!  at  ttecyis  mi 

Bdvoi   Siten'  itrvpnyf,   iqhv,  jicki 

world  oollected,  1T09. 

OOITLS,  THOUAS  (lS67-lTlt). « 
lalnoj  from  Lonli  XrV  Kbtwy  of  !it.-Li 

tnliiut  CrestlKi,  luDlodlbg  'Letlna  u 


onogmpbB.  [nlL  i87] 

(A  1709  7),  poet:  naniil.  i 
publlBhBl  'Pc^m'  PhlEtty  roi 
riical  Bplitio.'  lest.  and '  TL 
),   1«M,  aclcil  at  Draiy  Iikde 


-  OOULDKAN,  FRAyClH(ri.  l«887),  leilcognpUcr : 
M.A.  ChrlBf-  OoUege,  Omnbridgi.  J*» ;  rector  ol  Sonlli 
Ockcndon,  Bwei.  H34-tl.  uul  iTler  ReMontioii:  coDi- 
pllel  in  BiiRliib-Latla  nod  I^tlu-Ensllati  dletiomrj- 
vrilb  proper  ostnei,  ItM.  £nlL  JS»] 

OOULSTOIT  or  OULBTOH,  THEOIMllE  <lt71-ll!39). 


(JBIB)  anrl   ■l-oetlRi'  (11113^  and  i 
Qalen  (pnitlininoiiB),  UW. 

OOnPT.  JOBEPH  (iT.  17S9),  inK 
otober;  DepbewoILevisOoitpy  [q.  v. 

to   FrtAtfiek,  priuce  of   vfala,    1:„.    , „^ 

GwiRB  Itl  on  hij  Koculon ;  enccntel  w»ter-colonr  oopla 
al  Etiphul's  oannnu  ;  iilue  elflibiija  by  him  ufhT  hnl- 
nlorlloikln  tbc  Drltlisb  Ilusoum.  [iiii-IOU] 

OOnPT,   LEWIS  (rf.  17471,  piJnlor:  of  Freurti  di- 

Iiouls  CbL-roii  [,).  T,].  1710 :  unompikiuod  Lonl  BurtlnRloQ 
bo  Italy ;  paJuied  portruitfl  and  Jaiuiutum,  mid  drew  in 
onyouiuid  teuijierii.  [nil.  ISO] 

OOUSSOir,  WtLLIAU  {/.  1611X  triTeiler:  uustcr 
pUdtDD  twoeip^eioi,ato  nortb  o(  Rusrls,  dncrltieil  In 
htt '  Voyage  madi:  to  FechDn '  and '  Liter  Obeemitinna ' 
(in  ■  Purobat'a  I'ilgnmm,'  UL)  [iilL  »0) 

OOOHLIE,  WILLIAM  (1816-lBMV  botMlat;  F.LS.. 

dOUKHEY,  Sm>LATTHK\V|131u!-140«).  soldier  of 


Henry  IV.  imLmj 

OOVTXB  or  DATTLTISX,  JAMBS  (A  !«•),  ^"^ 

Intenlit ;  in  eerrioe  of  CtkaricB  1  of  KngUnrt ;  nfened  9 

biHerrtck.  LtiiLm] 

OOVE,  niOHARS  (ItST-lses).  poritudiirtaeilu. 

George,  IBIB:  alMmrdi  rector  of  KiEtColRT,S«D>Trt: 


lUecud  in  '  Folk-aongg  ol  SonUierii  India.' 
(WW,  KATUANIEL  ( 


Llreque 


■lBuTHq.T.]i« 


] ;  pabliflbed  U 


melddiK,  and  aaiKed   In   and  FonUBUal   bii  twan 

rolumes.  [iili.tMJ 

OOW.    MEL  (1717-1807),  TloUDUt  and  (onpeK; 

luUlouable  initlierlngi  In  Scotland  and  KnglaM^  tM 
portrait  four  times  palntql  by  nnebom:  renovHri  ■ 
compoMr  nnd  piayiTof  rwiJ  and  itmtJapeji.  (oi     "    "* 


iLWl 


OOW.  KIEL  (I 


>e  [q.  (.]  carried  on  ichool  of  ptillniftj 


OOWAAD,      UARV 

QOwzB.    [a*  iii«  Lt 


iixC  BAno;;  (U7S-17M).    {Stt  Linov 

I 

in  BUA8U  US'(  1 711-1811).  idn^rd ;  U  <k 

t  tfae  Dulob  Vrybetd  aod  rttaok  ItaeOM 

tin  BB«tlDdl(«,17«9;  lnilitlil(di(lsii<» 


m ;  Tlavadiniral,  IBM ;  admiral,  iaot.       [nb.  W] 
OOWSK,    FOOTS  (!7t8!-17eO).  »uUqo«j;  HA 


GOWKE.  GEOliGE  (A  167»-«MK  -,.. 

lo  tjG»n  EliinliHb,  ISM.  [irtL  W] 

GOWXB.  HEKBY  (d.  IUT\  btihop  ol  B(.  Dxm; 
lelloir  ol  M«ion  Coili^B,  Oitonl.  and  KCU.;  ctiuid* 
of  Oiford.  1331-3 ;  ambilacon  of  Bt.  DaTld'i,  UK:  » 
rloycd  by  Edward  HI ;  bl^  of  Bt.  DaTU-L  ll»{^ 
made '  decorated '  idaitloni  Is  hia  aatti«dnJ,ua  MH  * 
rood^creen:  built  UwqiaDO|ialpalaoe(«nr  Inniil)'' 
the  wall  roand  tbc  dee* :  bnindad  and  Bdoint  Bn^ 
HcHpltal.  IiiUuM 

OOWEK,  HUMPHREY  (laH-ITllh 
Jolin'sCiJllDge,CainbrldFe;  fellow  ol  BL 
Ounbrl;lgc. l<i(V :  M.A.,1H3;  Inounbent 
"- —    1>oneUtUre,   Packteehnm,    Itii..-.^  ^--^- 

.  ...    .,,....  .  n[5i,e„i4„  of  Hj,  un: 

■  " SLJotoX 


7B-1711 ;  Uusaret  p(*<"« 


QOWJSR 


519 


GBAHAM 


OOWXB,  JOHN  (lSMr>1408X  poet:  probably  tra- 
idMia  Vnaoe  in  early  life,  afterwards  settling  doMm  aa 
I  OMmtry  gcntlemaa :  weU  known  at  coart  in  his  last 
feus ;  beoame  bUnd,  1400 ;  died  at  the  priory  of  St.  Mary 
)*ertei^  Soathwrnrk,  and  was  buried  in  the  oharoh  (now 
ft.  aaTioar^> ;  his  wlU  extant  at  Lambeth ;  friend  of 
}kMieer,  who  oalled  him  *  moral  Oower,'  but  probably 
louTvUed  with  him  later.  Of  his  chief  works,  the  *  Speco- 
om  Xaditantifl*  la  a  poem  written  in  French,  which  was 
liioo¥ered  by  Mr.  Q.  O.  Maoanlay,  and  pablished  in  his 
didan  of  a<»wer.  The  *Vox  Olamantis*  (in  Latin  ele- 
ktmX  dfrtiratgd  to  Archbishop  Anmdd,  contains  an  ao- 
oont  of  the  peasants*  rerolt  of  1881,  and  an  indictment 
f  govennnent  and  tooiety  onder  Richard  IL  Attached 
)  it  la  Ooxe'8  coUatkm  Is  Gower's '  Chronica  Tripartita,' 
IMIb  poem  dealing  with  erente  as  far  as  the  abdicaUon 
f  BSelkaid  U,  in  which  the  rictims  of  his  etn^  tTitat  are 
ikMrind  (the  whole  first  printed  by  the  Roxburghe  Olab, 
L  H.O.  Ooxe,  18M).  The  *  ConfesAio  Amantis '  (Qower's 
riylftliiti  poem),  extant  in  two  Tersions,  the  first  dedi- 
»  Richard  U,  the  second  to  Henry  lY,  contains 
tmies  drawn  from  Orid  and  later  sooroes,  with 
digressloos,  and  Is  preceded  by  a  prologoe.  Oax- 
BB^  editkm  ( 148S)  follows  the  second  Teniion,  as  does  Ber- 
Msfk  (IMS),  the  latter  beinsr  the  basis  of  Paali*s  text 
UirXicprlnted  by  Profesiior  H.  Morley  (1888).  BxtracU 
i  manuscript  yolome  of  other  poms  presented  by 
to  Heniy  IV  were  printed,  1818.  [xxU.  299] 


RICHARD  HALL  (1767-1838),  naral  archi- 
oC  Fooie  Oower  [q.  v.]  ;  edacated  at  Winchester : 
ttUsbipmaii  in  Bast  India  Company's  fwrrice,  1780 :  built 
■ffiav  ymchts  on  an  improTol  plan;  chief  work,  *A 
rrcatiee  on  the  Theory  and  Practice  of  Seamanship,* 
17B8.  [xxiL  804] 


Sin  THOMAS  (Jl.  1648-1577),  marshal  of 
Berwick  and  sorreyor  of  nykl  estates  in  Northamber- 
laal:  eaptored  bySeotsat  Pinkie,  1847  :  as  master  of  the 
eidaaaoe  in  the  north  directed  siege  of  Ldth,  1860. 

[xxU.808] 

60WXAV,  first  Babon  (d.  1727).    [See  Pitzpatrick, 
lieiABi>.] 

OOWBZB,  Barlr  of.    [See  Ruthvkn,  Wiluam,  first 
lilL,  1841 7-1884  ;  Ruthtex,  John,  third  Earl,  1578  ?- 

un.] 

fllABB.  JOHN  BRKE8T  (1666-1711 X  dirine;  came 
tohglaod  from  Kbnigsberg  and  reoelTed  a  pension  from 
WOtism  ni ;  chaplain  of  Christ  Church,  Oxford,  1700 ; 
DJ).  Oxford,  1706 :  published  *SpicUegium  8S.  Patrum,* 
iM-f,  also  editions  of  Justin  Martyr,  1700,  and  Irenteus, 
l^OS,  Slid  of  Bishop  Bnll's  works,  and  a  transcript  of  the 
'Ondex  Alexandrinos '  (Septoagint)  with  numerous  emen- 
dttions  (VOL  u  1707,  toL  iL  1709).  [xxii.  806] 

ftlAGB,  Mba.  MARY  <d.  1786  ?),  painter  :  exhibited 
«ith  Incorporated  Society  of  Artists.  [xxii.  307] 

OBIOB,  RICHARD  06907-1691),  Irish  soldier: 
QMsd on  goerilla  warfare  against  the  Commonwealth: 
c^tared  at  POrtomna,  and  allowed  to  transport  himself 
Id  followers  to  toiin,  165S ;  joined  French  serrice  with 
^  ngiment,  bat  ui  1688  retnmed  to  Spanish  serrice,  in 
•tich  be  fooght  at  battle  of  the  Dunes,  1668 :  at  the 
iMuiatloa  regained  his  estates,  and  reodved  others  with 
*  peuiioo :  when  goTemor  of  Athlone  joined  James  II,  and 
^npriled  Douglas  to  raise  the  siege,  1690 :  killed  in  second 

[xxii.  307] 


emACB,  SHEFFIBLD(1788  ?.1860X  historical  writer ; 
Mrea  of  Banim  ;  F.R.S.  and  F.S.A. ;  published  '  Memoirs 
if  the  Fan^y  of  Grace,*  1823,  and  other  works  relating  to 
the  fsmily :  aho  (1827)  Laihr  Nithsdale's  account  of  the 
(1717)  of  her  husband  from  the  Tower. 

[xxii.  808] 
JUIlDOV,Mnis, afterwards  Mrs.  GIBBS  (1804-1 864  ?), 
ig  at  Dmry  Lane  as  Susanna  in  *  Marriage  of 
Fi«H«,'  18S4,  and  as  Linda  in  *Der  FrelsohUta.' 

[xxiL  809] 

CBABIWBLL,  ROBBRT  (1777-1838),  Roman  catholic 
i;  Imprisoned  with  other  students  of  Douay  on  the 
of  Dooay  College :  rector  of  English  College  of 
at  Borne,  1818;  created  D.D.  by  the  pope, 
1821 ;  coadjutor  (bishop  of  Lydda  in  partibus)  to  Bishop 
Bramstiiii.  Ticar-apowtoUc  of  London  district,  1828:  pub- 
Bsbad  *  Winter  Brening  Dialogne  between  John  Hard- 
■M  and  John  ChrdwcU,  1817.  [xxiL  809] 


.,  JAMBS  (1749-1772).  poet:  his  verses  pab- 
lished by  Robert  Anderson  (1760-1880)  [q.  v.],  1778. 

[xxii.  810] 
O&AFTOir,  DUKKB  OF.    [See  Pitzrot,  Hkkrt,  first 
DuKR,  1668-1690;    Fitzroy,  Augustus  Hexrt,  third 
DUKK,  1738-1811 :  FirzROT.OKOROKHBXRT,  fourthDuKX, 
1760-1844.] 

OBATTOir,  RICHARD  (d.  167S  ?!  chronicler  and 
printer ;  with  Edward  Whitchurch  had  Co  venule's  bible 
reprinted  at  Antwerp  (Mattheun's  bibleX  1637,  and  Paris, 
1638;  their  *  Great  Bible'  suppressed  at  Paris,  but 
printed  in  BngUnd,  1639:  ordered  to  be  porcluwed  by 
every  parish,  and  frequently  reissued  :  with  Whitchurch 
received  exclusive  patents  for  church  service-books  and 
primers:  as  'king's  printer'  issued  prayer-book  of  1849, 
acts  of  parliament  (1662-8X  and  I^dy  Jane  Grey's  pro- 
cUmation ;  chief  master  of  Christ's  HospitaL  I860 ;  M.P^ 
London,  1663-4  and  1666-7,  and  Coventi7,  1662-8; 
Mrarden  of  the  Grocers*  Company,  1666-6 ;  master  of  Bride- 
well, 1569-60:  charged  by  Stow  with  garbling  the 
editions  issued  by  him  of  Hardyng's  *Clironicle*  (1848) 
and  HaU's  'Union'  (1648);  himself  compiled  •Abridge- 
ment of  the  Chronicles  of  England*  (1862)  and  a 
'  Chronicle  at  Large '  (1668).  An  *  augmented  *  editkm  of 
the  latter  (1611)  was  reprinted  by  Sir  H.  EUis,  1B09. 

[xxU.  8101 

GRAHAM.  Mrr.  CATHERINE  (1731-1791).  [See 
Macaulay,  Mrs.  Cathrrink.] 

GRAHAM,  CLEMENTINA  STIRLING  (1782-1877), 
authorexs  of  *  Mystifications '  (ed.  Dr.  John  Brown,  1868) ; 
translated  Jonas  de  Gelieu's  *  Bee  lYescrvcr  *  (1829X  and 
wrote  songs.  [xxii.  818] 

GRAHAM,  DOUGAL  (1724-1779),  chap-book  writer 
and  bellman  of  Glasgow ;  took  part  in  the  Jacobite  riidng 
of  1746  as  a  camp  follower,  and  published  an  aoooont  of 
the  Rebellion  in  doggerel,  1746 ;  his  chap-bow^  valuable 
for  folklore ;  collected  writings  edited  by  G.  MacOregor, 
1883.  [xxU.  818] 

GRAHAM,  Sir  F0RTE8CUE  (1794-1880),  general ; 
entered  rojral  marine  artillery,  180R :  served  at  Waldieren, 
1809,  in  the  Peninsula,  America,  and  Canada ;  commanded 
marine  battalion  at  Nankintr  in  first  Chinese  war,  and 
(1866)  a  brigade  of  marines  at  Bomarsnnd ;  C3.,  1888 ; 
lieutenant-general,  1866 ;  K.C.B.,  1866 ;  general,  1866. 

[xxiL  814] 

GRAHAM,  GEORGE  (1673-1761),  mechanldan;  in- 
vented the  mercurial  pendulum,  the  'dead-beat  escape- 
ment,* and  astronomical  instruments  for  Hallej,  Bradley, 
and  the  French  Academy ;  F.R.S. :  buried  in  Westminster 
Abbey  with  Tompion.  [xxU.  814] 

GRAHAM,  GEORGE  (d.  1767X  dramatist;  assistantp 
master  at  Eton  and  fellow  of  King'e  College,  Cambridge ; 
M.A.,  1764 ;  published  a  masque,  '  Telemachus,*  1768. 

[xxiL  316] 

GRAHAM,  GEORGE  FARQUHAR  (1789-1867), 
musical  amateur:  secretary  to  first  Edinburgh  festival, 
1816;  composed  'County  Guy*  and  other  songs;  repub- 
lished from  seventh  edition  of  *  Encyclopedia  Britannica ' 
*  Essay  on  Theory  and  Practice  of  Musical  Composition,* 
1838;  contributed  to  Wood's  'Songs  of  ScoUand,'  and 
other  works.  [xxiL  818] 

GRAHAM,  Sir  GERALD  (1831-1899),  lieutenant- 
general  ;  educated  at  Royal  Military  Academy,  Woolwich  ; 
lieutenant,  royal  engineers,  1864;  major,  1873:  major- 
generaL  1881 :  lieutenant-general,  1884 ;  colonel-com- 
mandant, royal  engineers,  1899  :  served  in  Crimea,  1864- 
1866,  and  received  Victoria  Cross,  1867 ;  brevet  major, 
1869  ;  served  in  Anglo-French  expedition  against  China, 
1860-1;  brevet  lieutenant-colonel:  commanding  royal 
engineer  in  MontreaL  1866-9 ;  C.B.  and  brevet  colonel : 
commanded  second  infantry  brigade  of  first  division  in 
expedition  to  Egypt,  1882 ;  won  victory  at  Kassassin ;  led 
assault  on  Tel-el-Kebir ;  commanded  brigade  of  British 
army  of  occupation  in  Egypt :  K.C.B.,  1883 :  commanded 
expedition  against  Osman  Digna,  1884  :  won  battles  of  El 
Teb  and  Tamai :  urged  unsucceivf  ully  importance  of 
opening  up  Suakin-Berber  route  to  assist  General  Charles 
George  Gordon  [q.  v.]  ;  advanced  from  Suakin,  1886, 
against  Osman  Dijgna:  repulsed  enemy  at  Hashin  and 
Tamai;  G.C.M.G.,  1885;  published  writing?  on  profes- 
sional and  other  subjects.  [8nppL  iL  834] 

GRAHAM,  JAMES,  first  Marquih  and  fifth  Earl  of 
MORTBOSK  (1612-1660),  succeeded  as  fifth  vari,  1626 ;  on 


GRAHAM 


520 


GhRAHAM 


retarn  from  three  yean*  travd  coldly  received  by  Obwrles  I, 
1636;  joined  corenantera,  1687;  occapied  Aberdeen, 
carried  off  Hontly,  and  defeated  his  son  at  the  Bridge  of 
Dee,  1639;  invaded  England  wiUi  covenanters,  1640; 
joined  Oharles  1, 1641 ;  imprisoned  by  Argyll,  but  liberated 
on  the  king's  arrival ;  his  advice  long  rejected  for  that 
of  Hamilton ;  created  marqals  and  lieatenant-general  in 
Scotland,  1644;  won  six  battles  with  mixed  Irish  and 
highland  force,  1644-5 ;  after  Kilsyth  entered  Glasgow  and 
summoned  a  parliament ;  deserted  by  the  highlanders ; 
defeated  at  Philiphaagh,  1645 ;  escaped  to  the  continent : 
made  field-marshal  by  the  Emperor  Ferdinand  III,  with 
leave  to  levy  troops  for  Oharles  1, 1648 ;  advised  Oharles  II 
against  accepting  throne  of  Scotland  from  covenanters, 
and  became  his  lieatenant-govemor,  1649  ;  raised  money 
in  Denmark  and  Sweden,  but  lost  many  men  by  f>hip- 
wreck;  defeated  at  Invercarron,  1650;  betrayed  by 
Macleod  of  Assynt,  and  hanged  in  the  Orassmarket,  Edin- 
burgh ;  wrote  vigorous  verse.  [xxii.  316] 


GBAHAM,  JAMES,  second  Marquis  of  Montrohr 
(l631?-1669X*t^e good  Marquis*;  seonid  son  of  James, 
first  marquis  [q.  v.]  ;  imprisoned  as  a  youth  in  Edinburgh ; 
received  back  his  estates,  but  joined  Qlencaim's  rising, 
1653 ;  declined  to  vote  at  Marquis  of  Argyll's  trial,  1661  ; 
established  claim  of  100,6642.  Soots  against  Barlof  Argyll, 
1667 ;  extraordinary  lord  of  session,  1668.       [xxii.  819] 

GRAHAM,  JAMBS  (1649-1780X  colonel;  of  West- 
minster and  Ghrist  Church,  Oxford ;  captain  of  Scottish 
infant^  in  French  service,  1671 ;  entered  English  service, 
1676 :  Uentenant-colonel  of  Morpeth's  foot,  1678 ;  keeper 
of  privy  purse  to  Duke  of  York,  1679,  and  James  II,  1685 ; 
M.F.,  Carlisle,  1685 ;  corresponded  with  James  II  at  St. 
Germain ;  outlavred :  pardoned,  1693 ;  imprisoned  in  con- 
nection with  the  *  assassination  plot,*  1696 ;  took  the  oaths, 
1701 ;  M.P.,  Appleby,  1705-7,  and  Westmoreland,  1708-S7 ; 
intimate  with  the  third  Earl  of  Sunderland,    [xxii.  880] 

OEAEAM,  JAMES,  fourth  Marquia  and  first  Dukk 
OF  MoyTR08E((/.  174SX  succeeded  as  fourth  Marquis,  1684 : 
acquired  property  of  the  Duke  of  Lennox,  1702;  high 
admiral  of  Scotland,  1705 ;  president  of  the  council,  1706  ; 
created  duke  for  promoting  the  union,  1707 ;  represen- 
tative peer ;  keeper  of  privy  seal  (ScotlandX  1709-18  and 
1716-38 ;  named  by  George  I  a  lord  of  the  regency  and  one 
of  the  secretaries  of  state,  1714 ;  privy  oooncillor,  1717. 

[xxii.  322] 

OBAHAM,  JABIES  (1676-1746),  dean  of  the  Faculty 
of  Advocates;  judge  of  the  Scottish  admiralty  court, 
1789 ;  founded  family  of  Graham  of  Airth  Oastle. 

[xxii.  828] 

GRAHAM,  JAMBS  (1745-1794),  quack  doctor;  studied 
medicine  at  Edinburgh  under  Monro  primus ;  practised 
as  oculist  and  anrist  in  America ;  settled  at  Bristol,  1774, 
and  be^n  to  advertise  wonderful  cures ;  removed  to  Bath, 
1777 :  used  electricity,  milk  baths,  and  friction ;  treated 
the  Duchess  of  Devonshire  at  Aix,  1779;  set  up  bis 
'  Temple  of  Health '  in  the  Adclphi,  where  he  lectured,  wld 
medicines,  and  opened  a  show ;  caricatured  by  Colmau  in 
'The  Genius  of  Nonsense,*  1780;  Emma  Lyon  (Lady 
Hamilton)  said  to  have  represented  the  Goddess  of  Health 
in  his  show,  which  was  removed  to  Pall  Mall,  1 781 ;  his 
property  seised  for  dd)t,  1782 ;  l«3tured  in  Edinburgh, 
1783;  imprisoned  for  libelling  Edinburgh  magistrates; 
lectured  in  Paris,  1786,  the  Isle  of  Man,  1788,  and  Bath, 
1789  ;  afterwards  t>ecame  a  religions  enthusiast  and  was 
confined  as  a  lunatic  at  Edinburgh;  author  of  twenty 
publications.  [xxii.  823] 

GRAHAM,  .TAMES  (1765-1811).    [See  Grahamk.] 

GRAHAM,  JAMBS,  third  Dues  of  Mo.vtrosk  (1755- 
1886),  statesman ;  M.P.,  Richmond,  1780,  Great  Bedwin, 
1784-90;  a  lord  of  the  treasury,  1783-9;  oo-paymaster-  : 
general,  1789-91 ;  privy  councillor  and  vice-president  of  ■ 
the  board  of  trade,  1789 :  master  of  the  horse,  1790-5  and 
1807-80;  oommiSBloner  for  India,  1791-1803  ;  lord  justice-  ; 
general,  1795-1886 :  president  of  the  board  of  trade,  1804- 
1806  ;  lord  chamberlain,  1891-7  and  1828-80 ;  K.G.,  1812 ; 
chancellor  of  Glasgow  University,  1780-1886. 

[xxii.  826]      ! 
GRAHAM,  JAMES  (1791-1845).  army  pensioner  :  dis-  i 
tinguisbed  himself  in  Ooldstream  guards  at  Waterloo,  and 
was  one  of  the  two  Norcroes  pensioners :  said  to  have 
saved  FitsKdarence's  life  at  seLsure  of   the  Oato  Street  j 
oouepirators,  1820 ;  died  in  Kilmainham  Hospital  i 

[xxU.  827]      ? 


GRAHAM,  JAMBS,  seventh  Mabquis  and  foartfc 
Dukk  of  Montrohk  (1799-1874),  statesman :  M.P.,Ous- 
bridge  University,  1825-82;  a  oommimiooer  of  Indli 
board,  1828-80 ;  succeeded  to  dukedom,  1886 ;  kcditewart, 
1852-8 ;  chanoellor  of  the  duchy  of  Lancaster,  1818:  psik- 
i  master-general,  1866-8 ;  died  at  Cannes.         [xxiL  827] 

GRAHAM,  JAMES  GILLESPIE  (17n  ?-1856V  aidii- 
;  tect ;  on  his  marriage  assumed  name  of  Gnuam  « 
I  Grseme ;  his  dt^-tCiruvrf  the  convent,  with  Saxon  chapd, 

White  Horse  Lane,  Bdinbnrgh,  1885 ;  introdooed  punr 
I  Gothic  into  Scotland ;  with  A.  W.  Pogin  designed  Yie- 

toria  Hall,  Edinbuigh,  1842-4;  [xxiL  VK\ 

GRAHAM,  Sir  JAMES  ROBERT  GEORGE  (17M- 
1861X  statesman ;  educated  at  Weetminster  and  GhriR 
Cniurch,  Oxford  ;  as  secretary  to  Lord  Montgomery  hsi 
chief  conduct  of  negotiations  with  King  Joachim  (Muni) 
of  Naples,  1818-14  ;  whig  M.P.  for  Hull,  1818,  for  St.  Ivo, 
1820 ;  resigned  on  petition  next  year,  1821 ;  daring  fln 
years'  retirement  paid  attention  to  agrkmltare.  and  pob- 
lished  *  (^m  and  Ourrency,'  1826 :  socoeedei  to  barooetej, 
1824 :  M.P.,  Carlisle,  1826,  Cumberland,  1827  ;  moved  rediK- 
tion  of  official  salaries,  1830 ;  first  lord  of  the  admirsHj 
under  Earl  Grey,  and  one  of  committee  of  four  wlitek 
prepared  first  Reform  Bill ;  resigned  with  Lord  Stank; 
on   Irish  church  question,  1834,  becoming   one  of  tk 
'Derby  DiUy ' ;  Ma>.,  Pembroke,  1888,  Dorchester,  IMl: 
as  home  secretary  under  Peel,  1841-6,  dealt  with  Soottkk 
church  question  and  trial  of  0*Conndl ;  l>ecarae  higfa^ 
onpopular,  especially  after  his  admissions  of  tamperior 
with  foreign  refugees'  letters,  1844 ;  fall  of  the  mxeSsirj 
occasioned  by  the  defeat  of  his  bin  for  the  protectiaD  d 
life  in  Ireland,  1846;   acted  with  Pedites;   elected  for 
Ripon:  refused  Lord  John  Russdl's  offor  of  goversdr 
generalship  of  India,  1847,  the  admiralty,  1848,  and  the 
board  of  control,  but  supported  him  against  protectionisti; 
again  returned  for  Oarlisle,  1852 ;  first  lord  of  the  sdni- 
ralty  in  Aberdeen's  coalition  ministry,  1862-5;  retsiasl 
office  under  Palmerston,  but  resigned  with  Gladitone  sad 
Sidney  Herbert.  [xxiL  S»] 

GRAHAM,  JANBT  (1723-1806),  poet:  author  of 'Tbe 
Wayward  Wife,'  [xxii.  8M] 

GRAHAM,  Sir  JOHN  {d.  1298X  warrior;  reicoei 
Wallace  at  Qneensberry ;  killed  at  Falkirk,  where  a  moDS- 
ment  was  afterwards  erected  to  him.  [xxii.  Stt] 

GRAHAM,  JOHN,  third  Barl  of  Moxtrosb  (IM7?- 
1608),  received  renunciation  of  Scottish  crown  byQoea 
Mary,  1567;  fought  for  the  regent  at  Langside,  UM: 
succeeded  his  grandfather  in  the  earldmn,  1571;  prtvj 
councillor  nndier  the  regent  Mar;  a  oommteioiMr for 
Morton  at  the  pacification  of  Perth,  1572 ;  one  of  Jamei  Tr< 
council  from  1578 ;  prominent  member  of  oroosltiai  ts 
Morton  and  chanodlorof  a^ae  hekl  on  him,  1581 ;  jofaudii 
raid  of  Ruth  ven,  but  rallied  to  the  king  on  his  escape,  ISO : 
lord  chancellor,  1584-5:  planned  deatti  of  Angns,  IM: 
reconciled  to  Angux,  1587 ;  extraordinary  lord  of  mnksi, 
1591  :  president  of  the  council,  1598 ;  lord  chanoeOor. 
1599 ;  king's  commissioner  at  union  oonferenne,  sal 
viceroy  of  Scotland,  1604.  [xxtL  Stt] 

GRAHAM,  JOHN,  of  Claverhouse.  first  Tificocrr 
DUNDKR  (1649?-1689X  studied  at  St.  Andrews:  lerred 
under  William  of  Onnge ;  said  to  have  saved  Wfllism's 
life  at  Seneff ,  1674 ;  recommended  by  him  to  James,  dote 
of  York ;  captain  under  Montrose ;  sent  to  reproB  oon* 
venticles  in  Dumfries  and  Annandale,  1678 :  named  dMriff* 
depute  of  those  districts,  1679;  defeated  at  DnnadoKi 
1679 ;  held  Glasgow ;  present  at  Both  well  Brigg,  UTI: 
procured  supersession  of  Monmoatti  as  oommaiiiter4B- 
chief  by  Thomas  Dalyell  [q.  v.]  and  adoption  of  a  aefocr 
policy  towards  covenanters,  1679  ;  fkOed  in  his  ecfaooeflf 
marriage  with  heiress  of  Mentelth ;  carried  out  newpoii^ 
in  Galloway,  1681,  being  implacable  to  ringlesderi,batoot 
wantonly  cruel  to  the  people ;  supported  by  the  ooodcQ 
against  Sir  Jolin  Dalrymple  [q.  ▼.],  and  appointed  oolooci 
of  newly  raiwd  regiment,  168^ ;  visited  Charles  II  at  Ne** 
market,  and  obtnined  money  grant  and  ertate  of  Dodtaope, 
1688 ;  made  privy  councillor  of  Scotland;  sent  into  Ayr 
and  Clydesdale  with  civil  as  well  as  military  powers,  KM, 
soon  after  which  the  covenanter  BenwidE's  manifeitow 
followed  by  the  *  killing  time*;  lost  influence  throogb 
quarrel  with  Queensberry,  and  was  partially  snpeneded  hf 
Colonel  Douglas,  1685 :  temporarily  exdnded  frmn  privT 
council,  1685 :  not  clearly  responsible  for  deaths  «  tte 
*  Wigtown  martyrs,*  bat  directly  conoemed  in  exeeatin 


h  Bilcami,  Uie  on); 


OT^h  tu  nmoBlcm  of  tbt  oovmiiatni,  unl 
1^  BUrllng  to  DodlBija.  ISW;  onEbnnd  Dn 
am  lo  BdinbiirRb :  bavliiB  rnxlTsl  Jima'i 
[D  nmimiuiil  for  blm  in  ScAtlind,  made  Mb 

:  Locliid't  adTtu'telecUri  KUlixnulde  lo 
.;'■  attuk :  defnUd  Uacbif.  bat  toil  tnnr- 
iL  [niiiL  3M] 

[.  JOBS  (f.  1730-17711),  hliMn-piiinter : 
Hignt  [i.il,  SBO] 

t  JOBS  (ITM-iaU),  pulDter:  dlrmlor  of 


JOHa  (I9M-18N),  siipiTlulmdmt  o( 
,  Bambay;  di^ioty  pollDUwteT-KcDUml  of 
i»:  ccmpIInlciiUliKUc  of  Bombay  plants: 
D^  £«U.aiH] 

laws  (lI7e-lB(t),  blstorlHU :  M^ 
,  Itahlin.  I8IB  ;  rmlor  al  MsgUllgnn,  ISM- 
1  'AnnidB  af  ItelHOd,'  181V,  ■DenitDm' 
1 '  Hirtory  of  Irelnna.  '""  "'  ' 


I.  JOHN 


4-vmi.  bi 


[" 


Clirift'ii  Col- 

1^  jaSO-M  ;  't»rl«  'Tlct^bojiMl- 
1  U  l>naa  AlMrt.  IMl :  clerk  of  ibr  clotn. 

I.  JOHN  MUAtlAy  nsoa-lSSlJ.  biiUrlu: 
rKb,  1BS8 :  ■depttd  nunw  Gnliun  on  iiwwi- 
oT  Ite  flitikta  of  Tbonu^  bofon  LyHdoch 
ipU(d,leaS:  pnb- 
of  liie  VlKflont 
-     ILIH) 

irpbtHsbop  of  St. 

J1  of  the  Boj'djl, 

;  bii  dcpmlctDn 
^zpbophc  of   E4t.  AudTtn-H   by  tbe  piipaU 
liuvs  of  benfly  and  aUnmy  pmurod  by 

IwDffi  lit.  Urs:  dtsi  111  DriMu  in  Loclileven 
I.  aiOHARB,   VL-wuuvr  Prehton  (16W- 


I.    117gX  n 


eS&SAK.    Sir    ROBERT   (4.    U37X   c 
ame.  1  wM  munirml  at  Pnrtli.  1«;  :  oaptui 


ORAEAM,  Bftemanb  (nmBinOHAlU-OBJ.aAk, 

BOUERTfJ.  \ltT-).'xaifasBi  at  '11  doaghtv  decdi  my 
lady  pleHK':  book  Ubu!  rtal>0-i!en«m  ol  Jaimm; 
radlc^  M.F.  lor  Stlrllngsblrc.  IIM^  ;  rKtor  of  GWiinw 
UlUienlty,  I'M.  [nlL  IM] 


DKABAX,  ROBERT  (I7m-lStb>,  M.D.  and  botonlK ; 

t  MlnDumli,  \fM-*.i  :  oontrtbauil  to  Edlnbiintb  bouid- 
>l  pcrtodloali  and  Hookur'a  '  Compaulon.'     [nil.  US] 

[,  SlUON(ll»I(lM«U).    [S«(JiuHiiiE.] 

_. THOMAS,    BIHON     LVNUncB     (1748- 

1BM>,  general;  entoml  Ohrtib  Cbarcb,  Oilonl,  176S: 
playnd  tn  Ant  BHAUiib  cricket  mateh,  I7Bfi ;  Introdocwl 
Clm!laud  boTBH  and  Denm  oaltlc  Into  BooUaad :  aid&ili- 


dinlugniE 


I:  railed  'IVrth- 
i  recdved  tempo- 

aaBt,i7M:i.&« 


than  Iwadquartdft,  ^7M-7; 
Minorca,  UH:  rwrgmolied 

j_,  troopi  blackBding 

t  mllitajy  nuik  by 

. . Jobn  Moore's  aldfrdo- 

Comlia  campabni ;  oominaiided  brigade  Id 
.  expedition,  IBUI:  lIsnlEnanl'general.  IBIO: 
von  Tietory  of  Baroan,  1B11,  bat  reainial  bla  ootomand 
on  tbe  Spaniafa  gencrat*  un&iTly  cfaiinlnff  tbe  wbojc 
credit  or  Ok  <rlol«7;  led  dliialoii  nndar  HifiliiBlini  and 
s^slzd  at  capture  of  Olndad  Rodrlgo,  1811,  and  Badakia, 
IBIti  wmmandnl teti  wing  at  Vltt«la,iaU;  uraonded 
atToloB 


.  otitalned  permanent  m 


TedBDed  Uie  plane,  1811:  InnUded  bKb  cro^nK 
utouMH;  (HHnniaDdca  Brltlib  contlnffBit  Id  Holland, 
laU;  cnnted  a  pver.  1SI4,  n-foBbi^  penMon  ;  gcDerat. 

portrait  by  Sir  TIiouihh  La^Teuce;  Ir.C.B.  luid  Q.O.U.O. 


iDlTertity.  Glaagow, 


eU-MX  wltb  preface  oi 


.i^noJ     genenil  otSootiai 


\s,  being  cbarged  »itb  boaiUng 


prwtdHit,   ISM;   jUBtlce. 

ofEiiRlaDd:  created  Bar! 

dlar^cAl  uon 


IIS  othpr  workf , '  OmulW. 


Titus,  uiil  'An  Apprnl  w  Imiel'  (in  l< 

(iiU-  S6S 

K-OILBXBT,  JOHN  (1794-lBMX  patob 


I:  iLS,A„lHa»;  I 
inRlly  Bl 


Royal  Aoulcmy  :  piiDtcd  mainly  portniU.    [ 

GSAOAJOt,  JAMK<  (ITBt-lSlI).  Raittl»L  poet; 
fidncRTfil  Ht  nioABOff :  iDCCCvlTcly  writer  to  the  nlKKPt^ 
aclvoTHte,  Mid  epipcopal  dcnrynuiii;  ptibllnhcd  (ai  flrat 
•noTiymwiBly),  ISM.  '  Tbp  SsMmlh.'  '  Birds  of  SioUiind.' 
,,,,      ..    -h  OenrglCT.-   •""    —    —■■-   


r'Clirif 


PIMION     . 


1 

!-ieM>. 


laitlog  U 

lew. 

dnltii  College.  Otford,  II 
Ft  BwrtJioloBww'a  Hew-'* 
Tiuiotlitt  hk  LwKm.' 
ORAUr.    RtClUT 
rkru 


IT  ABtley  Ci 


It,  ISTo-M;   wrot*  sonirtHiic 

[SuppLii-iaaj 

(1797-1834).    amtomieB 


al  ekctobefl. 
mlal  hcIhxiI  In  SoatJiwBrk. 

oiuniaEE.  JAMBB  (HiiT-iige).  phyni 

poet;  BJiay  fiir^vou,  1740^;  V.D.  Edinbdrp 
Irlnvl  d(  Dr.  JahnsoD.  ebnutooe,  uu)  Blubop  ?c 
tributed  to  -MonUiiy  Rcvi»<  17(9-8:    "  ""  ~ 


•;  1764.  Bi 


;,    RIOHAHD   (17W-1NI),  Bl 


ievpiith  Vmcouirr.  ITSS-lMl ;  Viujau),  Gi 
elgbtb  VlflConsT.  177S-1M*.] 

OKAirareON.  JOII^'  (lias  ?-i3ce),biAii 

prelimliiry  o(  York.  WH.OI  Unooln.  19)9 
Ol  NottlTigluuD,  13tU  ;  chaplain  to  Fopt;  Jol 


papHl  l«nite.  1BT7;  imdnted  blstaop  of  EtcCh  brn*' 
Tifion.  aul  canHHtxtal  at  At^da,  1117:  iOBHhllr 


asASX, 

"1 


oatbgdnl  ind  ovrtol  qriMpaJ  thnat', 

' '    Cb*»1  nnwW  in  iti- 
nmnt  Trom  the  Bible '  ud  -  LA|a4t 

T  <d.    IMl).    ESa  Out,  Loo 


OHAHOX,  LnRn{lS79-17M).    [S«  En^iim.  Jun] 

OBAICGB.   JOHN  nf.  1(77),  poet :  Bntbn  ol  -Tai 

GolOoi  aphnrfitia,'  1177.  [iiiL  Itll 

OKAHGER.  JAMES  (17)1-1778),  biocraiibgr  mJ 
print  colle.-lor :  altered  Ohrijt  Cborch.  Oifonl.  ITU; 
vloar  o(  Kblplaif.  Oitordalitre :  oillacted  fonrtwo  tl»- 
HAii  (ii>rrBved  partTalbi ;  pii^iliBbed  ■  Blo^tapbloil  H1^ 
tiiry  oI  England.  froD)  tgirn  tlie  Onat  to  Ibc  HtnlB- 
tlon  .  .  .  adapted  to  a  McthoJiml  CaWlogde  of  Enpiid 
British  Hddf.'  '■""  ' .T-... 


ry  promoter ;  phiiwd  tOO/KKiV.  aa  prtnnotiDo  v 
the  BuinuL  SUtet  Mine,  wblch  paid  iBtnton  ■ 
linn  for  enchSIH.  ihare;  M.F^KidcllTTDinsler.  mW 
1S71.|«J;  pnrcbued  Ldoctter  aioars.  Londoi.  whie 

polilan  b«nl  of  world.  1874  ;  died  mnparmtlirl; 
owing  \a  vri^  vi  actkme  In  tankniptcy  mart. 

[SoppL  B.  a 
GRAXT,  ALEXA%'DER  (lS7g-17)D),  laird  of  On 
-     •■  •  -  •    -(.Tlclt  QmoKi.  ».];■ 

lb  pu-llament.  ITMJ 

Id  l)tigiidlpr«riiaiil,  17 


•i  BilUol.CMlqmOiM: 


burgb  UnlTBilty  (InS-M)  elcnd  Ul  1^ 

, .  Ji  nlvia  anCborltJv,  obulDcd  n*  tuOdW 

■or  the  medical  departments  and  (1B84)  organiiea  Unit- 
EEnary  □elthntlOD ;  hoo.  II.O.L.  Oitonl  and  LUX  Ob- 
bridf^  Sdbibnr^b,  and  Glaigov  l  pr«iardd  flnt  SoJOiA 
cdurstlmi  n>le;  silled  A[laloIte>  'fjtlila.'  1107;  1*^ 
limbed  ll*e«Dt  ArUtoCle  and  XenophDn,  and  ^TbeBWT* 
the  Unlmalty  of  BdinbnrBh,-  ISB4.  [iiU.  »<] 

GRAXT,  Bin  ALBXAKDBR  OOAT.  Unh  luW 
'of  Dalyey<17gt-1M4V  ctrtl  lemmt:  MA.SLW11V 
Oollege,  Cnmbrldge,  1906;  M.l'..  Trrgany.  ISll  1»- 
wlthld.  1K1S-!S,  Aldharoiigh,  IRH-IO.  WeeCboiT.  ll»-t 
and  l!:iatDbrld|^.  IStO-H.  n-prrtentinr  lotfTdtA  ttf  ^^ 
-   ■■        -  ■    ,,  ](M-j>:iiBr 


GKANT,  ANRRBW  <j4.  ieO»).  pbyridan  ;  antM  il 
'  Hiltor;  of  Bruil.-  lUIB.  (IliL  Vi] 

OBAIIT.  Urh.  AllNi:(17U-lBnXaiiUiDn«:>*lb^ 


i»w,  i«»7 :  sum*    I 

If  Bonftird.  1W4 

i  St.  AibBDi,  m:     ' 

d  <1«44)  'FHtul 
rMlakKU-CBBV 


of  Ajlwtnrd,  ISfll 

Prapcftlve  Buteiirion  of  tl«  Oo"pe 
ton  tcotuic,  IWi},  ood  oUwr  woib 


GhRANT 


ff28 


GRANT 


rr,  OHARLES  (1746-1893X  statesman  and 
'opist;  made  large  fortone  in  serrioe  of  East 
apaoy:  aenior  merchant,  1784;  foarth  member 
of  trade  at  Oaloutta,  1787;  his  pamphlet  (1792) 
igt^eraUon  of  missionary  and  edacational  work 
It  printed  (1813)  by  order  of  House  of  Commons  ; 
pemeas-shire,  1804-18;  chairman  of  court  of 
of  East  India  Company  from  1806 ;  oppoeed 
Wellesley,  and  supported  (1808)  motion  for  his 
lent ;  procured  the  assignment  of  a  grant  to- 
ocation  under  oliarter  of  1818  ;  promoted  build- 
lurcbes  in  India  and  elsewhere :  introduced 
ctMwls  into  Scotland:  originated  scheme  for 
oof  Haileybury  College.  [xxii.  878] 

rr,  CHARLES,  Barox  GI.2XKL0  (1778-1866), 
i;  eldest  son  of  Charles  Grant  (1746-18S3) 
feDow  of  Magdalen  CoUege,  CambrUlge,  1802 ; 
attgler  and  chancellor's  medallist ;  M.A.,  1804 ; 
>^  1819  :  member  of  Speculative  Society,  Edin- 
M.P.  for  Inverness  and  Fortrose,  1811-18,  for 
rihire,  1818-85 ;  a  lord  of  the  treasury,  1813 ; 
m:icyior  and  Irish  secretary,  1819-23;  vice- 
of  board  of  trade,  1823-7 :  president  of  board 
ukd  treasurer  of  navy,  1827-8;  as  president  of 
oootrol  (1830-fi)  carried  charter  (1833)  vesting 
India  Company's  property  in  the  crown ;  as 
wcretary  under  Melbourne,  1836-9,  introduced 
ishing  West  Indian  slavery;  created  Baron 
1831 ;  refused  to  sanction  action  of  Sir  Benjamin 
Cq.  ▼.]  after  Kaffir  invasion  of  Cape  Colony,  1836 ; 
both  torin  and  radicals  by  lus  irresolute  Cana- 
cy :  resigned,  1839,  receiving  a  pension  and  com- 
nahip  of  the  land  tax  ;  died  at  (jannes. 

[xxiL  380] 
IT,  OOLQUflOUN  (d.  1792^  Jacobite  :  dlstin- 
klPrestoopans,  1746,  and  one  of  Charles  Edward's 
ds  at  Cnlloden,  1746;  afterwards  practised  in 
;h  as  writer  to  the  signet.  [xxiL  381] 

ST,  COLQUHOUN  (1780-1829X  lieutenant- 
eaiytared  at  Ostend  with  11th  foot,  1798 ;  deputy- 
adjutant-general  and  secret  intelligence  officer 
eninsnla ;  captured  near  the  Coa,  1812 ;  escaped 
yonne  to  Paris,  whence  he  sent  intelligence  to 
on ;  diiguis^  as  a  sailor  reached  England,  and 
rranged  for  lus  exchange,  rejoined  Wellington  in 
as  intelligence  officer  in  1816  sent  news  from 
i  Napoleon's  intentions;  lieutenant-colonel  of 
I,  1821 ;  commanded  brigade  in  first  Burmese 
B. :  died  at  Aix-la-Chapelle.  [xxiL  382] 

BIT,  8lK  COLQUHOUN  (1764  ?-1836),  lieu- 
eneral;  with  26th  dragoon?  at  Seringapatam, 
eotenant-oolond  of  72nd  higblanders,  1802; 
at  recapture  of  the  Cape,  1806 :  commanded 
ears  in  Moore's  retreat  and  (1813)  at  Vittoria ; 
1814  ;  led  hoftsar  brigade  at  Waterloo :  lieu- 
eneral,  1830;  M.P.,  Queensborough,  1831-2. 

[xxii.  383] 
ffT.  DAVID  (1823-1886),   author  of   *  Metrical 
WO,  and  *  Lays  and  Legends  of  the  North,'  1884  : 
t  of  Ten  Songi*,'  published  posthumously. 

[xxii.  384] 
ITT  or  GRAUHT,  EDWARD  (1640  ?-1601), 
Iter  of  Westminster  ;  B.A.  St.  John's  College, 
ge,  1867;  BJL.  Oxford,  1672;  M.A.  Oxford, 
JL  Cambridge,  1673;  D.D.  Cambridge,  1689; 
I  Westminster,  1677,  of  Ely,  1689;  friend  of 
:  bead-master  of  Westmiudter,  1672-93 ;  author 
cae  LingnsB  Spicilegium,'  1676,  and  a  revised 
of  Onspin's  Greek-Latin  lexicon,  and  Greek, 
d  English  verses.  [xxii.  384] 

ITT,  Mrs.  ELIZABETH,  afterwards  Mrs.  Eliza- 
1UL4T  (1746  ?-1814  ?),  author  of  the  song,  '  Roy's 

[xxii.  386] 

IT,  Sir  FRANCIS,  Lord  Oullen  (1668-1726), 
jodge ;  educated  at  Abezxieen  and  Lcydeu ; 
advocate,  1691  ;  defended  power  of  the  estates  to 
neasion  to  the  crown  :  created  baronet  of  Nova 
'06 ;  told  of  seaiion,  1709  ;  wrote  on  societies  for 
xuttkm  of  manners  and  patronage  question  in 
church.  [xxii.  386] 

IT,    Sir     FRANCIS     (1803-1878),     portrait- 
brother  of  Sir  James  Hope  Grant  [q.  v.] ;  made 


reputation  as  a  painter  of  sporting-scenes  ;  fashionable 
as  a  portrait-painter  after  exhibition  at  the  Academy  of 
his  equestrian  group  of  the  queen.  Lord  Melbourne,  and 
company,  1840;  R.A.,  1861;  president  R.A.,  1866-78; 
knighted,  1866 ;  painted  portraits  of  contemporary  cele- 
brities, including  Macaulay,  Lord-chancellor  Campbell, 
Viscount  Hardinge,  and  Landseer.  [xxiL  386] 

GRANT,  JAMES  (I486  7-1663),  laird  of  Freuchie 
(■the  Bold'):  son  of  John  Grant  (d.  1628)  [q.  v.]  of 
Freuchie ;  fined  for  protecting  members  of  the  clan  Chat- 
tan,  1628 ;  took  part  in  expelition  against  the  CLanranald 
and  Mackenzies  of  Kintail,  1644 ;  exempted  by  James  V 
from  jurisdiction  of  inferior  courts.  [xxii.  387] 

OEAITT,  JAMES  (1706-1778%  Scottish  cathoUc  pre- 
late ;  admitted  into  the  Scots  College,  Rome,  1726 ;  priest, 
1733;  missioner  in  Scotiand,  1734;  surrendered  hims^ 
(1746)  to  some  men  who  threatened  to  desolate  the  Isle  of 
Barra,  in  which  he  was  residing,  unless  the  priest  were 
delivered  up  to  them ;  imprisoned  at  Inverness  ;  cmite- 
crated  bishop  of  Sinita  inpartibus^  1766.        [xxii.  388] 

GRANT,  JAMES  (1720-1806),  of  BaUindalloch, 
general ;  served  with  1st  royal  Scots  in  Flanders,  1746-8, 
and  at  Culloden,  1746:  surprised  and  captured  at  Fort 
Dnquesne,  1768;  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  40th  and 
governor  of  East  Florida,  1760 :  defeated  Cherokees  at 
Etchoe,  1761;  M.P.,  Wick,  1773,  and  Sutherlandshire, 
1774  and  1787-1806;  commanded  brigades  at  Long 
Island,  Brandywine,  and  Germanatown;  captured  St. 
Lucia  and  held  it  against  d'Estaing,  1778 ;  major-general, 
1777  ;  general,  1796.  [xxii.  388] 

GRANT,  Sir  JAMES  (1738-1811),  seventh  baronet  of 
Grant,  1773  ;  chief  of  the  clan  Grant ;  M.P.,  Elgin  and 
Forres,  1761-8,  Banff,  1790-96 ;  lord-lieutenant  of  Inver- 
ness-shire, 1794-1809 ;  raised  two  highland  r^^ents ; 
colonel,  1793.  [xxiL  389] 

GRANT,  JAMES  (1743?  -  1836%  advocate;  died 
senior  of  Scottish  bar  :  friend  of  Jeffrey,  Erskine,  and 
Scottish  whigs :  published  '  Essays  on  the  Origin  of 
Society,*  dec,  1786,  and  *  Thoughts  on  the  Origin  and  De- 
scent of  the  Gael,'  containing  discussion  of  the  Ossian 
question,  1814.  [xxU.  390] 

GRANT,  JAMES  (1802-1 879%  journalist;  edited 
•Elgin  Courier,'  *  Morning  Advertiser'  (1850-71X  and 
Grant's  *  London  Journal  * ;  published  *  Random  Re* 
collections  of  the  House  of  Commons  and  . . .  Lords,*  1886, 
'  Sketches  in  London,'  1838,  and  '  The  Newspaper  Press,* 
1871-2,  and  other  works.  [xxiL  390] 

GRANT,  JAMES  (1840-1886),  Scottish  antiquary: 
M.A.  Aberdeen  ;  assisted  in  editing  Scots  privy  council 
records,  and  published  '  History  of  the  Burgh  and 
Parish  Schools  of  Scotiand,'  voL  L  1876.  [xxiL  391] 

GRANT,  JAMES  (1822-1887),  novelist  aud  liistorical 
writer;  grandson  of  James  Grant  (1743  V-1835)  [q.  v.]; 
served  in  the  62nd  three  years ;  founded  National  Asso- 
ciation for  the  Vindication  of  Scottish  Rights,  1862 ;  a 
military  expert.  Of  his  fifty-six  novels  the  best  are  *  The 
Romance  of  War '  (1846)  and  *  Adventures  of  an  Aide-de- 
OEimp.*  His  other  works  include  memoirs  of  Kirkcaldy 
of  Grange,  Sir  J.  Hepburn,  and  Montrose, '  British  Batties 
on  Laud  and  Sea,*  1873  (with  continuation,  1884X  and 
'  Old  aud  New  Edmburgh '  (1880).  [xxiL  391] 

GRANT,  JAMES  AUGUSTUS  (1827-1892),  lieu- 
tenant-colonel ;  African  traveller  :  educated  at  Marischal 
College,  Aberdeen  ;  received  commission  in  8th  native 
Bengal  infantry,  1846 :  adjutant,  1863-7  ;  attached  to 
78th  higblanders  at  relief  of  Lucknow:  accompanied 
John  Hauniug  Speke  [q.  v.]  in  African  exploring  ex- 
pedition from  Ukuni  to  Xaragu^,  1861,  and  from  Uganda 
to  falls  of  Karuma,  Faloro,  and  Goudokoro,  1862-3  ; 
made  elaborate  botanical  and  meteorological  notes,  and 
published  •A  Walk  across  Africa,'  1864;  received  gold 
medal  of  Royal  Geographical  Society,  1864 ;  O.B.,  1866  ; 
in  intelligence  department  in  Abyssinian  expedition, 
1868 ;  0.8.1.,  1868  ;  lieutenant-colonel,  1868. 

[Suppl.  iL  339] 

GRANT,  Sir  JAMES  HOPE  (1808-1875),  general; 
served  with  the  9th  lancers,  1826-68 ;  lieutenant-colond, 
1849  ;  brigade-major  to  Lord  Saltoun  in  first  Chinese 
war,  1840-2  ;  distinguished  himself  in  the  Sikh  wars,  1846- 
1846  and  1848-9  ;  during  the  mutiny  did  good  service 
with  movable  columns;  commanded  the  Traui<-Gbogra 


GRANT 


534 


GRANT 


force:  K.O.B.,  1858;  oommanded  suooessfally  in  the 
secoud  Chinese  war  (1860-1);  O.O.B. ;  oommander-in- 
chief  at  Madras,  186S-3  ;  quartermaster-general  at  the 
Hone  Ouanlfl,  1866 ;  at  AJdenihot  initiated  in  1871  the 
annual  autumn  mantnuvras,  and  introdooed  the  war 
game  and  military  lectures.  [xxii.  392] 

ORAKT,  JAMES  MAOPHBRSON  (1822  -  1886X 
Australian  statesman ;  emigrated  to  Sydney  when 
fourteen ;  soUcitor  at  Sydney  and  Melbourne  ;  micceiuf  ul 
gold-digger  at  Bendigo  ;  acted  for  Ballarat  miners  after 
riots  of  1854  ;  member  for  Bendigo,  1855,  Sandhurst,  1856, 
and  Avooa,  1859,  in  Victoria  legislative  council :  vice- 

? resident  of  lands,  1860-1  ;  president,  1864,  1868-9,  and 
871-2 ;  carried  Land  Act  of  1865 ;  minister  of  justice 
under  Berry,  1875  and  1877-80  ;  chief  secretary  under 
Sir  Bryan  0*Loghlen,  1881-3.  [xxiL  894] 

GRANT,  JAMES  WILLIAM  (178&-1865X  astro- 
nomer, in  Bast  India  Company's  serTice,  1805-49 ;  erected 
at  Elchies,  Morayshire,  a  gn^^nite  observatory,  where  was 
the  'Trophy  Telescope'  seen  at  exhibition  of  1851; 
F.R.A.S.,  1854  ;  discovered  companion  of  Antares,  1844. 

[xxiL  395] 

OSANT,  JOHN  id.  1528X  second  lahrd  of  Freucliie 
(*  The  Bard')  ;  fought  for  James  III  against  his  son  ;  re- 
warded by  James  IV  for  his  support  of  Huntly  in  the 
northern  counties  with  lands  of  Glencamy  and  Ballin- 
dalloch,  1489,  and  barony  of  Urquhart,  1509. 

[xxii.  896] 

OBAirr,  JOHN  (1568  ?-1622),  fifth  laird  of  Freuchie ; 
took  part  with  James  VI  against  George  Qoidou,  first 
marquis  of  Huntly  [q.  t.],  in  1589  and  1592  ;  commis- 
sionerl  to  suppress  witchcraft  in  highlands,  1602;  fined 
for  relations  with  Macgregors  :  commissioned  to  deal 
with  gipsies,  1620;  a  juror  at  Orkney's  trial,  1615; 
acquired  estates  in  Strathspey.  [xxii.  396] 

GRANT,  JOHN  (1782  - 1842%  lieutenant-colonel, 
Portuguese  service ;  served  with  tlie  Lusitanian  legion  in 
1808-9,  and  afterwards  under  Beresford  ;  a  famous  spy  in 
the  Peninsula  war  ;  lieutenant,  2nd  royal  veteran  batta- 
lion :  secretary  to  London  committee  following  Beresford's 
dismissal  from  Portuguese  service,  1820.         [xxii.  397] 

GRANT,  Sir  JOHN  PETBR  (1774-1848X  chief-justice 
of  Calcutta ;  barrister,  Lincoln's  Inn,  1802 ;  M  J*.,  Grimsby 
and  Tavistook ;  knighted ;  puisne  judge  of  Bombay,  1827, 
afterwards  of  Calcutta;  chief  works,  *  Essays  towards 
illustrating  some  elementary  principles  relating  to  Wealth 
and  Ourrenoy,'  1812,  and  'Summary  of  Uie  Law  relating 
to  granting  New  Trials  in  Oivil  Suite,'  1817. 

[xxii.  898] 

GRANT,  Sir  JOHN  PBTEB  (;1807-1893),  Indian  and 
colonial  governor;  son  of  Sir  John  Peter  Grant  (1774- 
1848)  [q.  v.] ;  educated  at  Eton,  Haileybury,  and  Edinburgh 
University  ;  joined  Bengal  civil  service,  1828 ;  assistant  in 
board  of  revenue,  Calcutta,  1832;  secretary  to  govern- 
ment of  Bengal,  1848,  and  virtually  ruled  province,  1848- 
1852;  foreign  secretary,  1853:  permanent  secretcuy  in 
home  department  of  government  of  India,  1853 ;  member 
of  coundl  of  governor-general  of  Bengal,  1854-9 ;  governor- 
general  of  (}aitral  Provinces,  1857-9 ;  lieutenant-governor 
of  Bengal,  1859-62 ;  K.C3.,  1862 ;  governor  of  Jamaica, 
1866-73,  and  completely  reorgaidsed  political  and  legal 
status  of  the  island.  [SuppL  iL  841] 

GRANT,  JOHNSON  (1773-1844), divine;  grandson  of 
Sir  Francis  Grant,  lonl  Cnllen  [q.  v.] ;  MA.  St  John's 
College,  Oxford,  1805 ;  incumbent  of  Kentish  Town,  1822- 
1844;  published,  among  other  works, 'Summary  of  the 
History  of  the  Ibiglish  CHiurch,'  1811-26.       [xxii.  398] 

GRANT,  JOSEPH  (1805-1835).  Scottish  poet:  author 
of  'Juvenile  Lays,*  1^  ' Khicardhieshire  Traditions,' 
1830,  and '  Tales  of  the  Glens  *  (posthumous). 

[xxii.  399] 

GRANT,  LITJA8  ((iT.  1643),  poetess ;  ner  Murray; 
wife  of  John  Grant,  fifth  laird  of  Freuchie  [q.  v.] 

[xxiL  397] 

GRANT,  LUDOVIGK  (1650  7-1716),  of  Grant ;  eighth 
laird  of  Freuchie,  1663 ;  fined  for  protecting  covenanters, 
1685 ;  sat  for  Elgin  and  Invemees-shire  in  Scottish  par- 
liament; as  sheriff  of  Inverness-shire  assisted  Cheneral 
Mackay  against  Dundee,  1689;  obtained  (1694)  charter 
converUng  Freuchie  into  regality  of  Grant,  Castleton  be- 
coming Grantown.  [xziL  399] 


GRANT,  MALCOLM  (1762-1881),  UentenaDl-feMna 
in  Bast  India  Company's  service ;  served  agaiut  Mab- 
lytttas,  1779,  and  in  Malabar,  1792-8 ;  bdd  chid  oomnsad 
in  Malabar  and  Canara,  1804,  and  rednoed  Savendniog; 
lieutenant-generaU  1826.  [xxiL  4U0] 

GRANT,  PATBIOK,  Lord  Elchibb  (1690-17MX 
Scottish  judge ;  admitted  advocate,  1712 ;  nised  to  Iki 
bench,  1782 ;  lord  of  justiciary,  1737 ;  collected  deciioni 
(1733-54)  of  session  (printed,  1813).  [xxiL  400] 

GRANT,  SIR  PATRICK  (1804-1895X  field-mnW; 
ensign,  11th  Bengal  native  infantry,  1820:  tteatenntt 
1823 ;  major,  1845 ;  lientenant-colond,  1861 ;  major 
general,  1854;  colonel,  104th  foot,  1862;  Ueoteosai- 
geueral,  1862 ;  colonel,  Seaforth  highlanden,  1863 ;  geoenl, 
1870 ;  field-marshal,  1883 ;  oolond,  royal  horse  gainls,ud 
goki-stick-ln-vraiting  to  Queen  Victoria,  1886 ;  served  is 
Gwalior  campaign,  1843,  first  Sikh  war,  1845-6 ;  G.B.,  15M : 
adjutant-general  of  Bengal  army,  1846 ;  served  in  seoaod 
Sikli  war,  1849 ;  brevet  colonel  and  aide-de-camp  to  (^oen 
Victoria,  1849 ;  commander-in-chief  of  Ifadras  anny,14SI- 
1861;  temporarily  commander-in-chief  in  India,  1817; 
K.C.B.,  1857 ;  G.03.,  1861 ;  governor  and  commandor^i- 
chief  of  Malta,  1867-72 ;  G.C.M.G.,  1868 ;  goTeraor  of 
Chelsea  Hospital,  1874-96.  [SoppL  iL  34S] 

GRANT,  PETER  (d.  1784),  Scottish  abb«  and  favoaffte 
of  the  pope ;  as  agent  at  Rome  rendered  great  aervioes  to 
British  travellers ;  died  at  Rome.  [xxiL  4M] 

GRANT,  RICHARD  (rf.  1231),  also  caUed  Ricbabd 
OP  Wktukrshrd  ;  archbishop  of  Canterbury ;  chanodor 
of  Lincoln,  1221-7 ;  appointed  primate  at  reqneat  «f 
Henry  III  and  the  bishops,  1227 ;  opposed  king's  demsad 
for  scutage,  1228 ;  claimed  custody  of  Tunbridge  CtOk 
from  Hubert  de  Burgh,  and  excommunicated  those  fai  poi- 
session ;  went  to  Rome  and  brought  complaints  agaiait 
Hubert  de  Burgh ;  won  1  is  cause,  but  died  on  the  wij 
home  at  St.  Gemini.  [xxiL  401] 

GRANT,  Sir  ROBERT  (1779-1838),  govenior  of 
Bombay  ;  second  son  of  Charles  Grant  (1746-18SS)[q.T]: 
fUlow  of  Magdalene  College,  Cambridge,  1802;  ttiri 
wrangler,  1801 ;  M.A.,  1804 ;  barrister.  Linootai's  Ins. 
1807 ;  MJP.,  Elgin  181&-26,  Inverness,  1826-30,  Norvicb, 
1830-2,  Finsbury,  1832-4 ;  commiasiotier  of  board  d 
control,  1830;  judge  advocate-general,  1881:  otfiiid 
Jewish  emancipation  resolution,  and  two  Mils  in  te 
Commons,  1833-4 ;  governor  of  Bombay,  1834-8;  KXiJL, 
1884 ;  published  *  Sketch  of  the  history  of  the  BHt  bdift 
Company  to  1778' ;  died  at  Dalpowie ;  sacred  poemi  tf 
him  edited  by  Lord  Glenelg,  1839.  [xxiL  4(tt1 

GRANT,  ROBERT  (1814-1892),  astronomer;  stodiri 
at  King's  Oillege,  Aberdeen ;  published  '  History  of  Fbji- 
cal  Astronomy,*  1852,  and  received  Rojal  Asinjuwhal 
Society's  gold  medal,  1856;  F.R.A.S.,  1850,  cdilad 
*  Monthly  Notices,*  1852-60 ;  M.A.,  1855,  and  LLJ)..  lMfi 
Aberdeen  ;  joined  Royal  Sodety,  1865  :  piufessor  of  airtn^ 
nomy  and  director  ot  observatOTy,  Glasgow  Univoritli 
1859 ;  published  sdentiflo  writings.         [SnppL  iL  Pf\ 

GRANT,  ROBERT  EDMOND  (1798-1874),  ooonsn- 
live  anatomist ;  M.D.  Edinburgh,  1814 ;  oontriboted  is- 

Sortant  papers  on  sponges  to  'Edinburgh  Philosophloil 
oumal,*  1825-6 ;  professor  of  comparative  anatoiny  vd 
zoology  at  London  University,  1827-74;  F.RJS^  IW: 
Fullerlan  professor  of  physiology,  1837-40 ;  Swiney  ke- 
tnrer  on  geology  at  British  Museum ;  fneod  of  Ssrvte 
and  correspondent  of  Cnvier  and  Saint-Hilaixe ;  left  {V^ 
perty  and  collections  to  Universltiy  College.    [xxiL  40S] 

GRANT,  ROGER  (d.  1724),  ocolist  to  Anne  and 
George  I ;  alluded  to  In  '  Spectator  *  as  a  quack. 

[xxlL40f1 

GRANT.  THOMAS  ( 1816-1 870X  Roman  artboUr 
bishop  of  Sonthwark ;  B.t). ;  rector  of  the  En^ish  eol- 
lege,  Rome,  1844 ;  active  promoter  of  re-estaUisbment  ■ 
English  hierarchy  and  bishop  of  South wark,  18fl-I0: 
latinist  to  Vatican  council,  1869 ;  died  at  Rome. 

[xxiL4«] 

GRANT,  Sir  THOMAS  TASSELL  (1795-I8MX  ■* 
ventor ;  comptroller  of  victualling  and  trannwrt  servte 
1850-8  :  K.C.B.  on  retirement;  F.R.S. ;  awarded giaot ar 
2,000/.  for  his  steam  biscuit  machine,  18S9 ;  hif  'pilBC 
fuel '  and  apparatus  for  distillation  oC  sea- water  id^pM 
C1848.  [»JL«i\^ 


GBAirT 


026 


GBATTAN 


uIAM,  Lord  Prehtonqbanok  (1701  ?- 
Ige ;  Mooud  ton  of  Sir  FnnoiB  Grant, 

;  admitted  advocate,  17S9  ;  procarator 
I  and  clerk  to  general  aosembly,  1781 ; 
V  Scotland,  1737  ;  lord  advooate,  1746  ; 
(4;  carried  bills  tor  abolition  of  beri- 
and  ward  holding  and  for  annexatioD 

to  the  crown ;  lord  of  aeBsion  and  of 
ommiaioner  of  annexed  estates,  17B>6 : 
St  against  patronage  In  the  Scottish 

[xxli.  404] 

UAM  (<f.  1786X  physidan  ;  UJ).  Aber- 
:;j*^  1763;  physician  to  Miverloordia 
1*8  Fields :  pablished  treatises  on  Loo- 
rSS)  *  Obsenrations  on  the  Inflwenaa  of 

[xxU.  4U6] 

WILLIAM  (175S-18S8X  master  of  the 
Lincoln's  Inn,  1774;  treasurer,  1798; 
teers  at  siege  of  Qaebec,  1776  ;  attomey- 
,  1776 ;  MJ*^  Shaftesbury,  1790,  Windsor, 
1796-181 3 ;  jointrcommissioner  on  laws 
hief- justice  of  Chester,  1798 ;  solicitor- 
;  kolghted,  1799 ;  privy  ooonciUor,  1801 ; 
,  1801-17  ;  a  highly  socceasfol  speaker  in 
>rted  reform  of  criminal  law  ;  lend  rector 
DJO.L,  Oxford,  18S0.         [xxU.  406] 

J^IAM  JAMES  (1899-1866X  painter ; 
.  Academy,  1847-66 ;  also  drew  In  red 

[xxli.  407] 

WILLIAM  KEIll,  previously  Ekib 
(177S-1858>,  general ;  distinguished  him- 
md  at  Vllliers-en-Gouche,  1794  :  helped 
ror  Francis  II  from  capture,  1794 ;  re- 
I  and  the  order  of  Maria  Theresa :  served 
i  Austrian  armies  in  Italy,  1799-1801, 
ivoU,  1797,  and  Marengo,  1800,  and  siege 
djntant-general  in  fioigal,  1806;  oom- 
I  Java,  1816  ;  commanded  Guserat  field 
Pindaris,  1817 ;  took  hill  fort  of  Baree, 
ajah  of  Cutch,  1819 :  supproesed  piracy 
1, 1819-90 ;  K.C.B..  18S2  ;  general,  1841. 

[xxii407] 
P.    [Sec  Duff.] 

.  Barons.  [See  Robucsok,  Thomas, 
»6-1770;    RoBixsoN,  Thomas,  second 

•3 

or  GSAKTEAJr,  HENRY  (/.  1571- 
;  published  'Italian  Grammar  written 
» Leutolo,'  1571.  [xxU.  408] 

THOMAS  (d.  1664Xachoolma8ter ;  BJi. 
d,  1630:  MJL  Peterhouse,  Cambridge, 
Taddington,  Nottinghamshire,  till  1656  ; 
jondon,  where  he  made  a  point:of  doing 
1  punishment;  published  pamphlets 
lols,  1644,  and  Imprisonment  for  debt, 
IS  *  Marriage  Sermon,'  1641. 

[xxiL  408] 
,  Sir  THOMAS  ( /f.  1684X  naval  com- 
d  twenty-flve  sail  from  Virginia  to  Eng- 
h  war,  1673 ;  assisted  in  pacifying  the 
;bted  and  given  command  of  the  East 
ship  Charles  II,  1683 :  suppressed  Keig- 
Bombay,  1684 :  gentleman  of  the  privy 
an  III  and  Anne.  [xxii.  409] 

,  THOMAS  (1634-1693),  general  bapUst 
!  a  small  congregatlou  of  baptists  lu 
-e,  1656:  drew  up  and  presented  to 
rative  and  complaint'  of  the  general 
petition  for  toleration,  1660 ;  imprisoned 
aching,  1663-3,  and  at  Louth,  1670 ;  had 
r  with  the  king,  1678 ;  founded  ooogn- 
ch,  Yarmouth,  and  King's  Lynn,  1685-6 ; 
tianismus  Primitivus '  ( 1678)  and  many 
cts,  of  which  *A  Dialogue  between  the 
hresbj'terian '  (1691)  contains  remarkable 
19.  [xxil.  410] 

.  first  Baron  (1716-1789).  [See  Norton, 
VIL,  HUGH  OF  (d.  1094).    [See  Hugh.] 


OBAVTOV,  Lord  (1768-1861).  [See  Hofb, 
Oharlkh.] 

OEAVTZLLE.    [See  also  Grknville.] 

G&AnvuXZ,  Earub.  [See  Oartkrbt,  John,  first 
Earl,  1690-1763;  Lkvisbon-Gowsi,  Grantillr,  first 
Earl,  1773-1846 ;  LKVHHOK-€k>WKR,  Graxyillk  Gkorob, 
second  Earl,  1815-1891.] 

OKAWnXS,  AUGUSTUS  B021ZI  (1783-1878) 
physician  and  Italian  patriot ;  son  of  pottmaster>general 
at  Milan:  assumed  name  of  Granville  by  his  mother's 
wish ;  M.D.  Pavia,  1808 ;  physician  to  the  Turkish  fieet 
and  hi  Spain ;  In  the  EnKllsh  fleet,  1806-18 ;  settled  In 
London  as  tutor  to  the  sons  of  William  Richard 
Hamilton  [q.  v.],  1813 ;  M.R.O.S.,  1813 ;  L.B.C.P.,  1817 ; 
brought  warning  of  Napoleon's  expected  enape,  and  in- 
troduced Iodine,  1814 ;  headed  Milan  dmatation  offering 
Dnke  of  Sussex  the  crown,  1815 ;  assisted  Oanova  In  obtain- 
ing restoration  of  Italian  art  treasures;  FJl.8.,  1817; 
physician-accoucheur  to  Westminster  IMspensary,  1818; 
established  West-end  Infirmary  for  children ;  Introduced 
use  of  prusslc  acid  for  chest  affections ;  president  of 
Westminster  Medical  Society,  1889;  secretary  of  the 
visitors  of  the  Boyal  Institution,  1838-58;  published 
•Oktechlim  of  Health,'  1831,  and  books  on  the  spas  of 
(Germany,  1887,  and  England,  1841 ;  also  'Ooonter-lrrlta- 
tion,'  1838 ;  practised  at  Kisslngen,  1861-8 ;  published  pam- 
phlets advocating  the  reform  of  the  Royal  Society  (1880, 
1886X  the  formation  of  a  kingdom  of  Italy  (1848X  a  work 
on  lliames  sewage  (1835, 1865)  and  an  *  Autobiography  * 
(posthumous).  [xziL418] 

O&AirVILLE  or  GBSVYXLLB,  SIR  BEVILrd.  1706X 
^(Ovemor  of  Barbados:  grandson  of  Sir  Bevil  GrenvUle 
[q.  v.] ;  M.A.  Trinity  College,  Oambridse,  1679 ;  knighted 
by  James  II ;  favourite  of  William  HI ;  colonel  of  Lord 
Bath's  regiment  in  Flanders,  1694-8 ;  governor  of  Bar- 
bados, 1708-6 :  acquitted  of  tyranny  and  extortion,  but 
reddled  from  Barbados ;  died  on  his  way  home. 

[xxiL  414] 

GRAVynXE  or  OSXNyiLLZ,  GEORGE,  Baron 
LANROOwmB  (1667-1735),  poet  and  dramatist ;  brother  of 
Sir  BevU  Granville  [q.  v.] ;  educated  in  Franoe  and  at 
Trinity  Oollc«e,  Cambridge;  M.A^  1679;  M.P.,  Fowey, 
1708,  Cornwall,  1710-11 ;  secretary-at-war,  1710 ;  one  of 
the  twelve  peers  created  for  the  peace,  1711 ;  privy  coun- 
cillor and  comptroller  of  the  household,  1718 ;  treasurer  of 
the  household,  1718 ;  Imprisoned  In  the  Tower  <m  suspicion 
of  Jacobitism,  1715-17 ;  pubUshed  plays  acted  at  Lincoln's 
Inn  Fields  and  Dmry  Lane,  inclomnff  *Herolck  Love,* 
1698,  and  an  opera,  with  epilogue  by  Addison.  His  com- 
plete works  (1733)  Include  *  Vindication '  of  Monck  and  Sir 
&cliard  Granville.  His  poems  were  praised  by  Pope  (of 
whom  he  was  an  early  patronX  but  declared  by  Johnson 
mere  Imitations  of  Waller.  [xxli.  415] 

GXABCOHZ,  SAMUEL  (1641-1708),  nonjuror;  M.A. 
Magdalene  College,  Cambridge,  1674:  rector  of  Stourmouth, 
Kent,  1680-90 ;  his  *■  Account  of  Proceedings  In  House  of 
Commons  In  relation  to  Recolnlng  CUpt  Money'  (1696) 
ordered  to  be  burned  by  the  hangman ;  published  numerous 
controversial  tracts.  [xxli.  417] 

6RATTAH,  HENRY  (1746-1890),  statesman; 
graduated  at  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  1767 ;  with  Flood 
contributed  nationalist  articles  to  the '  Freeman's  Journal '; 
called  to  Irish  bar,  1778 ;  elected  to  Irish  parliament  for 
Charlemont,  1775 ;  carried  amendment  to  the  address  in 
favour  of  free  ^ade,  and  resolution  affirming  inexpe- 
diency of  granting  new  taxes,  1779 ;  moved  in  brilliant 
speeches,  but  without  success,  resolutious  In  favour 
of  legislative  Independence,  and  amendments  to  limit 
duration  of  Perpetual  Mutiny  Bill,  1780-1;  after  the 
meeting  of  the  volunteers  at  Dungannon  moved  addrera  to 
the  crown  demanding  l^islative  Independence,  and  a  few 
months  later  carried  It,  1788;  declined  office;  granted 
50,0001.  by  Irish  parliament  after  consent  of  British 
government  to  his  claims ;  opposed  Flood's  demand  for 
'  simple  repeal,*  and  favoured  disbandment  of  the  volun- 
teers, 1783 ;  successfully  oppoeed  Orde's  commercial  pro- 
positions, 1785:  brought  forward  question  of  tithe 
commutation,  1788-9 :  ou  refusal  of  tlie  lord-lieutenant  to 
transmit  his  regency  resolutions,  formed  deputation  to 
present  them  in  person  to  Prince  of  Wales,  1789 ;  founded 
Dublin  Whig  Club ;  elected  for  DubUn,  1790 ;  attacked 
parliamentary  corruption,  and  supported  cathf^  eman- 
cipation, 1791-3 :  interviewed  Pitt,  1794 ;  declined  oflke 


aKATTAN 


526 


GhBAVESEND 


from  FitswUliamf  on  whose  recall  be  renewed  opposition : 
after  rejection  of  Ponsonby's  reform  resolations  seceded 
from  the  house,  1797 ;  in  England  daring  the  Rebellion 
of  '98,  bat  struck  off  the  Irish  privy  coanoU :  daring  last 
session  of  Irish  parliament  represented  Wicklow;  spoke 
for  two  hours,  sitting,  against  the  union,  18U0 ;  fought 
dael  with  Isaac  Corry  [q.  v.] ;  in  last  speech  had  alterca- 
tion with  Oastlereagh ;  as  M.P.  for  Malton,  1806-6,  in  the 
imperial  parliament  made  impressive  maiden  speech ;  M.P. 
for  Dablin,  1806-SO;  declined  ofBoe:  frequently  raised 
catholic  emancipation  question :  carried  motion  for  com- 
mittee of  inquiry,  and  second  reading  of  relief  bill,  181S ; 
supported  continuance  of  tiie  war,  1816 ;  died  in  London, 
and  WAS  buried  in  Westminster  Abbey.  The  b^t  collection 
of  his  speeches  is  that  edited  by  his  son,  1822. 

[xxiL  418] 
GRATTAH,  THOMAS  OOLLET  (1792-1864),  author ; 
described  hbi  French  tours  in  'Highwajrs  and  Byways* 
(three  series,  1823-9) ;  at  Brnasels,  1828-89,  issued  *  Traits 
of  Travel,'  1829,  and  'History  of  the  Netherlands,*  1830  ; 
and  described  the  riots  of  1884  for  the '  Times ' ;  as  British 
consul  at  Boston,  1839-46,  assisted  at  settlement  of  north- 
east Iwundary  question  by  the  Ashburton  treaty ;  pub- 
lished also  *  Legends  of  the  Rhine,'  1882,  several  historical 
novels,  two  works  on  America,  and  *  Beaten  Paths,*  1862 
(autobiographical).  [xxil.  426] 

OBATTOir.  JOHN  (1641-1712X  quaker ;  joined  the 
Friends,  e.  1672;  imprisoned  at  Derby;  afterwards  tra- 
velled ministerially  throughout  the  United  Kingdom ;  his 

*  Journal '  (1720)  often  reprinted.  [xxii.  426] 

OBATJVT,  EDWARD.    [See  Grant.] 

ORAUHT,  JOHN  (1620-1674X  statistician  :  was  ap- 
pointed original  member  of  Royal  Society,  after  his  publi- 
cation of  *  Natural  and  Political  Observations  .  .  .  made 
upon  the  Bills  of  Mortality,*  1661 ;  fabely  charged  with 
being  privy  to  the  great  fire  of  1666.  [xxii.  427] 

OBAVZLOT,  HUBERT  FRAN9OIS,  properly  Boub- 
GUIQNUN  (1699-1773),  draughtsman  and  book-illustra- 
tor ;  came  to  England,  1732,  on  the  invitation  of  Olamle 
du  Boso  [q.  v.]  ;  friend  of  (Jarrick ;  executed  UlustraUons 
for  Theobald's  and  Hanmer's  Shakespeares,  Gay's  *  Fables,* 

*  The  Dunciad,'  and  *Tom  Jones,*  and  (in  France)  of  the 
works  of  Voltaire  and  Racine  and  Marmontel's  '  Ck>ntos.' 

[xxU.  428] 
OBAYSS,  OHARLRS  (1812-1899X  bishop  of  Limerick 
and  mathematician ;  edaoated  at  Trinity  College,  Dublin ; 
graduated,  1834 ;  fellow,  1886 ;  professor  of  matbematios, 
Dublin  University,  1843 ;  dean  of  the  Castle  Chapel,  Dublin, 
1860 ;  dean  of  Clonfert,  1864 ;  bishop  of  Limerick,  Ard- 
fert,  and  Aghadoe,  1866  till  death ;  member  of  Royal  Irish 
Academy,  1837,  and  president,  1861 ;  F JI.S.,  1880 ;  hono- 
rary D.O.L.  Oxford,  1881 ;  published  translation,  witii  many 
original  notes,  of  Chasles's  *  General  Properties  of  Cones 
of  Second  Degree  and  of  Spherical  Conies,'  1841,  and 
wrote  on  Irish  antiquarian  subjects.        [SnppL  li.  M5] 

OBAYBB,  HENRY  (1806-1892X  printseller;  brother 
of  Robert  Graves  [q.  v.] ;  sole  proprietor  of  firm  of  Henry 
Graves  &  Co.,  1844  ;  published  numerous  engravings  after 
Landseer  and  other  eminent  painters  ;  one  of  founders  of 
'  Art  Journal '  and  *  Illustrated  London  News.* 

rSuppU  U.  346] 

GRAVES,  JAMES  (1816-1886),  arclueologist ;  B.A. 
Trinity  College,  Dublin ;  incumbent  of  luisnag,  IH63-86 ; 
with  J.  G.  Prim  established  Kilkenny  Arclueological 
Society  (Royal  Historical  Association  of  Ireland);  pub- 
lished  work  on  St.  Canioe  Cathedral,  Kilkenny,  1867. 

[xxU.  429] 

GRAVES,  JOHN  THOMAS  (1806-187UX  jurist  and 
mathematician;  great-nephew  of  Richard  Graves  (1763- 
1829),  dean  of  Ardagh  [q.  v.] ;  graduate  of  Dablin  and 
Oxford ;  barrister.  Inner  Temple,  1881 ;  professor  of  juris- 
prudence at  University  College,  London,  1889;  F.R.S., 
1839 :  poor-law  inspector,  1847-70 ;  contributed  articles 
on  jurists  to  Smith's  *  Dictionary  of  Greek  and  Roman 
Biography*;  friend  and  correspondent  of  Sir  William 
Kowau  Hamilton  [q.  v.],  towards  whose  discovery  of 
quaternions  he  did  much  by  researches  concerning  ima- 
ginary logarithms ;  his  nwthematioal  library  bequeathed 
to  University  College.  [xxii.  430] 

GRAVES,  RICHARD,  the  elder  (1677-1729),  anti- 
quary ;  educated  at  Pembroke  College,  Oxford ;  said  to 
have  been  original  of  Mr.  Townseud  in  the  'Sphritual 
Quixote.'  Itxii.  481] 


ORAVBSf  RI(]HARD,the  younger  (1716-18MX  P«t 
and  novelist ;  with  Whitefldd  gradoatel  BA.  Peoibrale 
CoUege,  Oxford,  1786 ;  fellow  of  AU  Souk*.  1736 ;  intiiBali 
with  Shenstcme ;  offended  his  rdations  by  msrryiDg  a 
farmer's  daughter;  rector  of  ClavertoD,  1749-1304;  b; 
influence  of  Ralph  AUen  [q.  v.]  obtained  also  vioaitge  of 
Kilmersdon  and  chaplaincy  to  Coanten  of  Cbatlaa; 
among  his  pupils  Maltiias  and  Prince  Hoare;  poMiihei 

*  The  Spiritual  Qaixote,*  1772,  ridiculing  the  methodiils, 

*  Reoollectionsof  Sbenstone,*  1788,  a  translation  of  Msim 
Aurelius,  1792,  and  *The  Reveries  of  SoUtoite'  (1791), 
besides  verses  and  essays.  [xxiL  431] 

GRAVES,  RICHARD  (1763-1829),  dean  of  Anls^; 
senior  fellow  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  1799 ;  DoDDcUaB 
lecturer,  1797  and  1801 ;  DD.,  1799 ;  professor  of  ontoiy. 
1799 ;  regins  professor  of  Greek,  1810,  of  divinity,  181>; 
prebendary  of  St.  Mlchaera,  Dablin,  1801 ;  rector  of 
Baheny,  1809 ;  dean  of  Ardagh,  1813-29 ;  his  works  col- 
lected, 1840.  [xxii.  434] 

GRAVES,  RICHARD  HASTINGS  (1791-1877X  tbeo- 
logical  writer :  son  of  Richard  Graves  (176S-1829)[q.T.;: 
M.A.  Trinity  College,  Dablin,  1818 :  DJ).,  1828 ;  rector  o( 
Brigown  and  prebendary  of  Gloyne.  [xxiL  431] 

GRAVES,  ROBERT  (1798-1873),  Une-engraver ;  pupfl 
of  John  Romney  the  engraver  [q.  v.],  executed  pn- 
and-ink  facsimiles  of  rare  prints;  engrraved  iriates  for 
Caulfield's  'Portraits,*  Dove's  'English  (lassies,*  Kesk^ 
•Westminster  Abbey,*  and  Bamet's  'BeformatioB':  ex- 
hibited with  Society  of  British  Artists,  1824-30,  lai 
Rbyal  Academy ;  associate  eiwraver  to  Royal  AoMleDU, 
1886,  engraving  works  after  Wilkie,  Landseer,  and  Gaiw- 
borough.  [xxiL4»] 

GRAVES,  ROBERT  JAMBS  (1796-186SX  phyridu: 
third  son  of  Richard  Graves  (1768-1829)  [q.  v.],  dssB  of 
Ardagh ;  M.B.  Dablin,  1818 ;  travelled  with  Turner  in  tte 
Alps  and  in  Italy ;  physician  to  Meath  Hospital  and  « 
founder  of  the  Park  Street  School  of  Medicine ;  prafeaor 
of  medicine  to  tiie  Irish  College  of  Physicians ;  presidati 
Irish  College  of  Physicians,  1843-4;  F.RS.,  1849;  gaiosi 
a  European  reputation  by  his  'Clinical  Lectures  oo  tJK 
Practice  of  Medicine,'  1848  (reprinted,  1884).  [xxiL  434] 

GRAVES,  SAMUBL(1718-1787),  admiral ;  aenred  oodff 
his  uncle  at  Cartagena,  1741 ;  conmianded  the  Butaria 
the  Basque  Roads,  1767,  and  the  Duke  at  ()aibenn  itj, 
1769 ;  vice-admiral,  1770 ;  as  commander  on  North  Anx^ 
can  station  attempted  to  carry  oat  Boston  Port  Aet,  1774; 
admiral,  1778.  [xxiL  4S7] 

GRAVES,  THOMAS,  first  Babon  Gravbb  (ITK?- 
1802X  admiral ;  ooosin  of  Samoel  Graves  [q.  v.] ;  oooi* 
mauded  the  Unicom  at  bombardment  of  Havre,  1758; 
present  in  Arbuthnot's  action  off  the  Chesapeake,  ITU, 
and  commanded  at  an  Indecisive  action  with  De  Qitm 
a  few  months  later ;  despatched  by  Rodnqr  in  charge  of 
prizes  to  England,  losing  all  but  two  ahips,  1783;  rie^ 
admbral,  1787 ;  admhal,  1794 ;  received  an  liiah  piatft 
and  a  pension  for  his  conduct  as  seoond  in  commsBd 
in  Howe's  action  of  1  June  1794,  when  he  was  bHUj 
wounded.  [xxiL  4S8] 

GRAVES,  Sir  THOMAS  (1747?-1814X  adnini: 
nephew  of  Samoel  Graves  [q.  v.],  under  whom  he  senei 
in  the  seven  years'  war ;  severdy  wounded  when  in  eon- 
majod.  of  the  Diana,  1776,  in  the  Charles  river  ;  oommsnM 
the  Bedford  in  his  cousin's  action  oil  the  Chesapeske, 
1781,  and  in  the  batties  off  St.  Kitts  and  Dominies, !?(»: 
with  tiie  Magicienne  fought  the  Sybille,  1783 ;  oreitsii 
K.C.B.  for  conduct  as  Ndson's  second  \n  command  tl 
Copenhagen ;  vice-admiral,  1806  ;  admiral,  1812. 

[xxiL  440] 

GRAVESEHD,  RICHARD  dk  (<f.  1279),  bishop  of 
Lhiooln ;  dean  of  Lincoln,  1264 ;  associated  with  dand 
London  in  canying  out  papal  exoommnnicatiou  of  riois- 
tors  of  Magna  Charta,  1264 ;  bishop  of  Lincoln,  lSf8-T9; 
assisted  in  negotiations  for  peace  with  Prance,  U634, 
and  for  a  pacification  between  Henry  III  and  the  bsrooa, 
1263 ;  suspended  by  the  legate  as  an  adherent  of  Oe  HonV 
fort,  1266 ;  lived  abroad  till  1269 ;  granted  a  ooadjator, 
1276.  [xxiL  441] 

GRAVESEHD,  RICHARD  db  (d.  1808X  Usbop  of 
London  ;  archdeacon  of  Northampton,  127S-W ;  prdKo- 
dary  of  Lincoln  ;  bishop  of  London,  1280-ISOS;  sentoa 
mission  to  France,  1293 ;  one  of  Prince  Bdward's 


GRAVESEND 


527 


GRA.Y 


;  intUtated  office  of  snb-dean  ;  benefactor  of 
38  poor  of  London,  and  Oambridge  UniTeniity ; 
a'  account*  printed  by  Camden  Society,  1874. 

[xxii  442] 

lEin),  STEPHEN  DB((f.  1338),  bUbop  of  Lon- 
w  of  Richard  de  Gravesend  {d.  1303)  [q.  t.]  ; 
rpney,  1808 ;  canon  of  St.  Paare,  1313  :  bishop 
1318-30 :  tried  to  mediate  between  Edward  II 
,  13S6 ;  bis  life  menaced  by  the  Londoners ;  took 
incaster  and  Kent  against  Edward  III,  1328  : 
for  complicity  in  Kent's  plot,  1330:  excom- 
>wi8  of  Bavaria  and  the  anti-pope  Nicholas, 
i  deputy  at  cooncils  of  1835  and  1336. 

[xxii.  448] 
r,  WILLIAM  (d.  1699),  divine :  B.A.  Peter- 
iridge,  1(58 ;  feUow  of  Pembroke  Hall,  Cam- 
i ;  MJL,  1561 ;  vicar  of  St  Sepulchre,  1566 ; 
:Ue  lAver  and  of  Bradfleld,  and  prebendary  of 
accoaed  by  *  Martin  Mar-Prelate  *  of  drunken- 

[xxiL  444] 

[See  also  Orkt.] 

ANDREW,  first  Baron  Orat  (1880  7-1469X 
Borland  for  payment  of  ransom  of  James  I 
1424-7  :  created  Baron  Gray  of  Fowlis  (Scot- 
master  of  the  luMudiold  to  James  II  of  Soot- 
a  lord  auditor,  1464.  [xxUi.  1] 

ANDREW  (1633-1656X  Scottish  divine;  gra- 
3t.  Andrews,  1651 ;  minister  of  Outer  High 
agow,  1653-6:  famous  preacher:  last  edition 
1839.  [xxiiL  2] 

ANDREW,  seventh  Baron  Gray  (</.  1663), 
ck  Gray,  sixth  baron  [q.  v.]  :  succeeded,  1612 ; 
if  Scots  gens  d'armes  in  France,  1624 ;  mem- 
tish  oGoncil  of  war,  1628:  commissioner  for 
reaty,  1630 :  supported  Charles  I  against  cove- 
loommonicated  by  general  assembly  as  papist, 
by  Oromwdl,  1654.  [xxiii.  3] 

ANDREW  {d,  1728X  divine :  vicar  of  Mottram, 
lis  *  Door  opening  into  Everlasting  Life '  (1706) 
BIO.  [xxiii.  4] 

ANDREW  (1805-1861),  pnsbyterian  divine: 
eea,  1824 :  minister  of  the  West  Church,  Perth, 
ined  Free  church  and  drew  up  *  Catechism  of 
xf  the  Free  Church,'  1845 ;  his  ^Gtoepel  Con- 
'^rallels*  edited  by  Candlish,  1862.  [xxiii.  4] 

CHARLES  (1782-1851X  captain  in  the  marines 
titer ;  published  *  Poems  and  Songs,*  1811,  and 
Lyrics,*  1841 ;  aim  contributions  to  Wood's 
ottish  Song '  and '  Whistle-Binkie,*  and  '  Notes 
Song,*  1845.  [xxiii.  4] 

DAVID  (1838-1861X  Scottish  poet :  friend  of 
)obeU  [q.  v.] ;  his  *  Luggie  and  other  Poems ' 
1882,  witti  preface  by  Lord  Houghton,  who 
led  him.  [xxiU.  5] 

EDMUND  DWYBR  (1845-1888X  journalist 
an ;  son  of  Sir  John  Gray  [q.  v.]  ;  proprietor 
n's  Journal'  and  *  Belfast  Morning  News': 
>f  five  persons  in  Dublin  Bay,  1866 ;  lord-mayor 
880:  M.P.,Tippcrary,  1877-80,  Carlow,  1880-5, 
I,  1885-8:  imprisoned,  when  high  sheriff  of 
r  oommenta  on  Hynes  case  in  'Freeman's 
monber  of  housing  of  the  poor  commission, 

[xxiiL  5] 

EDWARD  WHITAKER  (1748-1806X  bota- 
rian  to  College  of  Physicians  before  1773 : 
; :  M.D. ;  keeper  of  natural  history  and  anti- 
British  Museum ;  secretary  to  Royal  Society, 
oal  associate  of  Linnean  Society,      [xxiii.  7] 

EDWARD  WILLIAM  (1787  ?-1860),  editor  of 
id  Antiquities  of  Newbury,*  1839.     [xxiU.  7] 

Sir  GEORGE  (</.  1773X  baronet :  colonel  of 
id  major-general  in  army  ;  younger  brother  of 
Gray  (d.  1778)  [q.  v.],  with  whom  he  founded 
Dilettanti,  1732;  secretary  and  treasurer  to 
B-1771.  [SuppL  ii.  347] 

GEORGE  (1758>1819),  painter :  went  to  north 
1  botanical  expedition,  1787,  and  to  Poland  on 
apeditkm,  1791.  [xxiii.  7] 


OBAT,  GEORGE  ROBERT  (1808-1872%  soologlst: 
youngest  son  of  Samuel  Frederick  Gray  [q.  v.]  ;  educated 
at  Merchant  Taylors'  School:  zoological  assistant  in 
British  Museum,  1831  :  F.R.S.,  1866 :  published  ornitho- 
logical works;  assisted  Agassis  in  *Nomenclator  Zoolo- 
gicos,'  1842.  [xxUi.  7] 

OBAY,  GILBERT  (d.  1614),  second  principal  of 
Marischal  College,  Aberdeen,  1698 :  delivered  a  Latin  ora- 
Uon,  *  Oratio  de  Illustribus  ScotiK  Scriptoribus,*  1611. 

[xxiii.  8] 

OBAT,  HUGH  (</.  1604),  Gresham  professor  of  divi- 
nity :  fellow  of  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  1581 ;  M.A., 
1582 ;  D.D.,  1595  ;  prebendary  of  Lincoln,  1600. 

[xxiii.  8] 

OBAT,  Sir  JAMES  (<#.  1773),  diplomatist  and  anti- 
quary :  baronet  by  succession :  brother  of  Sir  George 
Gray  [q.  v.] ;  British  resident  at  Venice,  1744-53  ;  envoy 
exti-aordinary  to  king  of  Naples  and  Two  Sicilies,  1753-61 ; 
K.B.  and  minister  plenipotentiary  to  king  of  Spain,  1761 ; 
privy  councillor,  1769.  [Suppl.  ii.  347] 

OBAY,  JAMES (</.  1830),  poet:  intimate  with  Bums 
at  Dumfries ;  master  in  high  school,  Edinburgh,  1801-22  ; 
rector  of  Belfast  academy,  1822;  went  to  Bombay  as 
chaplain,  1826 ;  died  at  Bhuj  in  Cutch.  He  published 
*Cona  and  other  Poems,'  1814,  edited  Robert  Fergusson's 
•Poems,'  1821,  and  translated  St.  Matthew  into  Cutchee 
(printed,  1834).  [xxiU.  8] 

OBAT,  JOHN  (1807-1875X  legal  author :  as  solicitor 
to  treasury  conducted  prosecution  of  Tichbome  claimant, 
1873 :  published  'Country  Attorney's  Practice,*  1836, 
'Country  Solicitor's  Practice,'  1837,  and  'Law  of  Costs,' 
1853.  [xxUL  8] 

OBAT,  Sir  JOHN  (1816-1875X  journalist :  M.D.  and 
master  in  surgery,  Gla^fow,  1889;  political  editor  of 
*  Freeman's  Journal,*  1841 ;  sole  proprietor,  1850 :  indicted 
for  conspiracy,  1848 ;  knighted,  1868 ;  M.P.,  KUkenny, 
1865-75;  advocated  disestablishment  and  land  reform; 
published  *  The  Church  Establishment  in  Ireland,'  1866. 

[xxiii.  9] 

OBAT,  JOHN  EDWARD  (1800-1875),  naturalist: 
second  son  of  Samuel  Frederick  Gray  [q.  v.];  assistant 
zoological  keeper  at  British  Museum,  1824 ;  keeper,  1840- 
1874 ;  F.RS.,  1832  ;  vice-president.  Zoological  Society ;  pre- 
sident of  Botanical  and  Entomological  societies :  formed 
largest  zoological  collection  in  Europe,  1852:  doctor  of 
philosophy,  Munich,  1852 ;  published  numerous  zoological 
papers  and  other  works,  including  *  Handbook  of  British 
Waterweeds,*  1864.  [xxUi.  9] 

OBAT,  JOHN  MILLER  (1850-1894X  curator  of  Scot- 
tish National  Portrait  Chillery,  1884-94  ;  entered  commer- 
cial Bank,  Edinburgh ;  worlrod  at  art  oriticiKm  and  con- 
tributed to  various  periodicals  and  other  publications, 
including  *  Dictionary  of  National  Biography ' ;  published 
monograph  on  George  Monson  [q.  v.],  and  other  works. 

[SuppL  ii.  347] 

OBAY.  MARIA  EMMA  (1787-1876X  conchologist : 
n4e  Smith :  wife  of  John  Edward  Gray  [q.  v.]  :  published 
etchings  of  moUuscans  for  use  of  students,  and  arranged 
the  Cuming  collection  in  British  Museum ;  her  collection 
of  aigcB  bequeathed  to  Cambridge  University. 

[xxiii.  11] 

OBAY,  PATRICK,  fourth  Baron  Gray  id.  1582), 
of  Buttergask ;  captured  at  Solway  Moss,  1542 :  joined 
Cardinal  Beaton's  party;  after  Beaton's  murder  went 
over  to  English  alliance;  again  imprisoned  in  England, 
1561-2 :  joined  Queen  Mary's  lords,  1570 ;  one  of  James  VI's 
council,  1577.  [xxlil.  11] 

OBAY,  PATRICK,  sixth  Baron  Gray  (d.  1612X 
Master  of  Gray  till  1609 :  while  resident  in  France  inti- 
mately connected  with  the  Guises  and  French  friends  of 
Mary  Queen  of  Scots ;  betrayed  Mary's  secrets  to  James  VI 
and  Arran :  concluded  an  agreement  between  Elizabeth 
and  James  to  the  exclusion  of  Mary,  but  at  the  same  time 
arranged  for  deposition  of  Arran  by  recall  of  the  banished 
lords,  1584 :  carried  out  the  scheme  with  the  help  of 
English  ambassador,  1585  ;  formally  remonstrated  against 
condemnation  of  Mary,  but  secretly  advised  her  assassina- 
tion, 1586 ;  exiled  from  Scotland  on  charge  of  sedition  and 
of  impeding  the  king's  marriage  with  Anne  of  Denmark, 
1587 ;  returned,  1589 :  attempted,  with  Francis  Stewart 
Hepburn,  fifth  earl  of  Bothwell  [q.  v.],  to  capture  the 
king  at  Falkland,  1592.  [xxiii.  12] 


QEAT,  PBTBtt  (180T  ?-ieS7),  wrilcr 
goida ;  pablitbed  itocki  on  logulUiiia  u 

ofiue      -■     -  ■ 


*R*llglo« 


BOBBRT(lffll-lgM),t 
ibll,  Oxford:  Bunpian 
I,  IBM;  biihop  of  Brlgti 


iboiialBTlgtal;  MA.  ' 
.  1S3I-J4;  publitbed  > 


THBDle,  INI;  fOmi 
'  HUtoriol  Sketcb  of  Origin  of  Engllih  ProK  Utntn.' 
IBU.  [uULKl 


mat  LonKMid  John  WiUUiiIl 


OBAT.  ROBBBT  (iaM-1897^^orflholo 
detr.  EillDliurgh,  IF 


-piwldflit  ol  Itoyal  Sooiec; 
I'BlrltoIUK  WtaCof  Scot- 


I  Pharnucj,'    IMS,    nod    'Tbe 


THOUAS  (d.  IMS  ?X  latbor  o 


i[  SriUab 


Leknd'a  absCnct  or  tbe  compleU  Hork.  [nil 

SKAT,  THOHAS  (nit-mn.  pott;  alua 
Ron  tvith  Hones  Walpolc  mid  Ricbard  Wnt.  w] 
Jollied  Id  ■  H  jmeneali '  on  iiuinlaj(e  of  Pnidertak, 
of  WbIsb.  ITU  ;  >C  retecbouK.  Osmbridge.  1734- 
Tellsl  ou  ooutbieiit  wlUi  WidpoLe,  lTSt-«u,  but  an 
witb  him  ;  imde  elabontf'  iiiitei  imd  wrob>  f^itlll 
U»  Gnule  ObnrtniiBe  ;  ivitdo<l  nt  OaiDbcidtn; : 


JOHN  (■ 
H.|t,  Oifotd,  IttI :  I 
TUlu-DTtb:  puMlibea  oiork  (kfaiding  M      '" 
oC  Armintanlaii,  IMt. 


nun;  tlwtHd  blibop  uid  o ,  __. 

he  temponlltla  lud  onatsd  bj  Biebsid  di 
■mtbiual  (IvtSirs  it  Oofdlngtaun't  chimi 
111  »otk  Am  pMntm.  i«n. 


CiolLllll  ' 


U>,    HBHRY    (1TIT-I81e>,   UfttuM  ta- 
rentar ;  rtnani  gaat  of  1,1001.  lor  bl*  boat. 

aXUTHZD,  WILLIAM  WILBBHPOtU^  HAUU 
ine-ms),  i:n*)or.g*i]gnil:  cntoBl  Baigd  milian. 
.8U;  antoDoerln  UMbrcuh  ■(  itoreilag  of  lliHtBa. 
LMk;  ODwnltliig  nnglnMr  nt  tii.h.i— 4,  leu-T;  Mm 
HTilea  dapatdxa  [mm  Agtn  to  Hcernl  throotb^nl- 


sigliuer  In  KBpter'i  attuk  cm 


d  Agik  Md  Lovo  Ouit«  a 

OSB&TEEED,  BBRTIB  (ITtB-iasBX  dnnutM:  Ot 
BMbeDOtCtKToid'i'  B&Tind '  ini]  ■  Mmlwl ' ;  hlitMdi, 
■  Tba  Begent,' utBd  »  Dmry  Lue,  17S8.        [iidlLil] 

OBIATomBX,  RALPH  (d.  ITUT).   nUhmUkit 

of  Bnlyn  HDd  Ftpj). 


method  of  m 

'ftcDchi«lIVlioody,-  isaj.iiiid  'TwdreGI 

llih,  Irlfb.BnJ  Scotch  Uelodlea,'  lUS, 


a   biatoTT   of    Kn^lish 
oal  Kbolftr,  lloVDlflt,  atvl  Btulent 
taPo«».    HIiletteniiniiDioue 
■l  of  Ut  pntod.   Hlipoema  Inolod*  I    " 


tboae  to  Rprlng  and  on - 

IL  of  Dodilay'a  coUectJm,  1748), '  Klwr 
„...i,...^  •  iim  ■■■B-pnimB  of  Poeiy." 

om  S  D«-  ■ 


OKSATRAXEB.  TALBNTIXB  (l«»-l«ll.  •* 
iCrokei':  ol  AlfuiD,  oo.  WBteilord  ;  wndlD  ttatCtOi- 
nllbn  tnny  bi  Ireland  undfr  Robert  Phaln:  inM 


dbiawii  b;  bflng  an  d(  haada.  lUI :  purfoniied  piWI' 
ouAly  cure*  at  Ragley,  Wonoter.  aol  XlDonla'i  Iqd.IM; 
BDiireral  attack  by  Darid  Lloyd  (1«H-1M1)  [q.  '.]  «tt 
a  -Bitef  Accowit'  (ItM)  of  tdmsif  and  cJ  kM  <»■ 
addrand  to  Robert  Boyle  [q.  T.l,  u  vcU  ■•  Ktllaai^ 
from  Andnw  HirnU,  Cndwortb,  Blibon  WOUin,  b' 
WblcUoott.  [InlLW 


GBEAVSS 


529 


GBEEN 


,  JOHN  (160S-166SX  nmthemiitioliin  and 
ber  of  Sir  Edward  OraiTm  [q.  ▼.] ;  B^ 

Oxford,  16S1;  fellow  of  Merton  Oollege, 
l£^  1638 :  Qreiham  profeaBor  of  ReoxneUy, 

Tialted  Pftris,  Leyden,  Italy,  Ooostanti- 
pi,  measoring  tbe  PyramidB  and  ooUecting 
d  oriental  mannscripta,  1687-40;  SaytUan 
itronomy  on  death  (1648)  of  John  Bain- 

from  chair  and  fdlowahip  by  parliament^ 
I  Bcientiflo  worin ;  his  minoeHaneocM  worka 
ia>  Biroh,  1787.  [xzliL  88] 

,  THOMAS  (/.  1604X  composer  and  latenist 
•pont ;  pabUBbed  *  Songee  of  sundrie  kinds,* 
adrigals  by  him  edited  by  G.  W.  Bodd 
I.  [xxiit  89] 

,  THOMAS  (161S-1676X  orientallut :  bro- 
rtLvm  [q.  v.] :  of  Charterhouse  andCorpos 

Oxford ;  fdlow,  1686 :  D.D^  1661 :  depnty- 
)ic,  1687;  held  livings  in  Northampton* 
d  *De  lingiuB  ArabiosB  otilitate*  (1687X 
I  Persian  versions  of  the  scriptores. 

[xxUi.  89] 
LEXANDBR  HENRY  (188S-1896),  geo- 
d  fellow,  GonviUe  and  Cains  College,  Onm- 
l.X^  1868 ;  honorary  fellow,  189S ;  worked 
irvey,  1861-74 ;  professor  of  geologv,  York- 
Leeds,  1874,  and  also  profeinor  of  mathe- 

profeasor  of  geology  at  Oxford,  1888; 
Oxford,  1888;  F.O^  1868;  F.R^  1886  ; 
anoal  of  Physical  Geology,*  1876. 

[SappLU.  348] 
MOB  (1735-1807X  flower,  frnlt,  and  Und- 
friend  of  Shenstone.  [xziil.  89] 

BARTHOLOMEW  or  BARTLBT  (1880- 
3t  martyr;  burnt  at  SmithflekL 

•  [xxiii.  40] 
ENJAMIN  (1736?-1800?X  mezxotlnt  en- 
Ay  brother  of  Amos  Green  [q.  v.]  ;  draw- 
Christ's  Hospital;  exhibited  with  Inoor- 
'  of  Artiste,  1766-74  ;  engraved  illostrations 
Essex,'  1768;   drew  and  etched  plates  of 

[xxiiL  40] 

BNJAMIN  RICHARD  (1808-1876X  water- 
;  son  of  James  Green,  portrait-painter 
ai  at  Royal  Academy  ana  Saffolk  Street 

[xxiii.  41] 

HARLES  (1786-1870),  aeronaut :  made  the 
th  carboretted  hydrogen  gas,  1831:  con- 
Nas«aa  balloon  and  went  up  from  Vaox- 
'g,  Nassau,  1836  ;  invented  the  guide-rope ; 
its,  1831-63.  [xxiU.  41] 

J».  ELIZA  S.  CRAVEN  ( 1 803- 1 866 X poet; 
•oblisbed  *A  Legend  of  Mona,*  1835,  and 
d  Heath  Flower,'  1868.  [xxiit  43] 

EORGE  (1793-1841),  mathematician:  fel- 
iollege,  Cambridge,  fourth  wrangler,  1837 ; 
ay  on  the  Application  of  Mathematical 
e  Theories  of  Electricity  and  Magnetism,' 
re  Cambridge  Philosophical  Society  papers 
and  Refraction  of  Sound '  and  '  Reflection 
I  of  Light  at  the  common  surface  of  two 
1  Media.'  [xxiii.  43] 

EORGE  SMITH  (</.  1763X  author ;  Oxford 
oblished  *Tbe  Ufe  of  Mr.  J.  Van,'  1760, 
n.  [xxiit  43] 

IR  HENRY  (d.  1369),  judge;  king'd  wr- 
lighted  and  judge  of  common  pleas,  1864  : 
ed  by  the  pope  for  sentencing  the  bishop  of 
ff-jasUce  of  nng'e  bench,  1361-6. 

[xxliL  43] 
lENRY  (1801-1873),  author;  M.A.  Glai«- 
sbyterian  minister  of  Knutsford,  1837-73 ; 
led  for  the  Holbein  Society,  and  puhliched 
ur  '  Sir  Ifia&c  Ncwton'i*  Views  on  Point**  of 
ctrine,'  1886,  'The  Cat  in  Chainxiry '  (1868, 
lakespeare  and  the  Emblem  Writen*,*  187U. 

[xxiii.  44] 
lUGH,  alia*  Fkiidinand  Brooke  (1684?- 
catholic  martyr  ;  B.A.  Peterhouse,  Cam- 
1  at  Douay ;  executed  at  Dorchester  under 
d  1642.  [xxiU.  44] 


ORXSK,  JAMBS  (J.  1748),  organist  at  HoU ;  pub- 
lished *  Book  of  Psalmody.'  1 734.  [xxllL  44] 

ORBXN,  JAMBS  (1771-1884),  portrait-painter ;  copied 
Reynolds's  pictures ;  exhibited  at  Royal  Aoademy  after 
1793,  and  at  British  Institution.  [xxUL  46] 

ORXSK,  Mrs.  JANB  (d.  1791).  [Sea  Hippmunr, 
Jaxe.] 


JOHN  (A.  1768X  llM-engraver ;  brother  of 
Benjamin  Green  [q.  v.]  [xxiiL  40] 

ORXSK,  JOHN  (1706  7-1779),  Mshop  of  Llnooin; 
fellow  of  St  John's  College,  Oambridoe,  1780:  M.A., 
1781 ;  D.D.,  1749 ;  as  master  at  Uchfleld  knew  Johnson 
and  Garrick ;  regins  professor  of  divinity  at  Cambridge, 
1748-66;  master  of  Corpus  Christl  College,  Cambrklge, 
1760-68:  dean  of  linooiln  and  vioe-ohanoeUor  of  Cam- 
bridge, 1766;  bishop  of  Linooln.  1761-79;  pubHsbed 
anonymously  pamphlets  on  onlvernty  reform  and  against 
methodists ;  oontiibuted  to  *  Athenian  Letters,'  pubUshed 
1781.  [xxiiL  46] 

GBIEK,  JOHN  or  •Pauoy'  (1801-1874),  singer  and 
actor ;  was  successively  manager  and  oondnotorof  enter- 
tainments at  tiie  C3ider  (}ellars  and  Evans's  Hall  in  Oovent 
Garden ;  of  latter  he  was  proprietor,  1846-68.  [IviL  106] 


JOHN  RICHARD  (1887-1888X  historian; 
of  Magdalen  College  school  and  Jesos  CoUege,  Oxford; 
BJL,  1869 ;  in  sole  charge  of  Holy  Trinity,  Hoxton,  1868 ; 
incumbent  of  St.  Philip's,  Stepney,  1866;  librarian  at 
Lambeth,  1869 ;  published  'Short  History  of  the  English 
People,'  1874,  '  The  Making  of  England,'  1881,  and*Oon- 
qnest  of  Kngland,*  1888;  suggested  Oxford  Historical 
Sodefy  and  *  English  Historical  Review.'         [xxilL  46] 

ORXSK,     JOHN    RICHARDS    (1768-1818).      [See 
GirvoRD,  John.] 


JONATHAN  (1788  7-1864X  medical  writer  : 
M.D.  Heidelberg,  1834;  M.R.Ci}.,  1810 ;  patented  vapour- 
bath;  died  in  Ute  Charterhouse;  published  tracts  on 
fumigating  baths  and  skin  diseases.  [xxiii.  49] 

OKBXK,  JOSEPH  HENRY  (1791-1868X  smrgeon; 
edocated  in  Germany  and  St.  Thomas's  Hospital;  sur- 
geon at  St  Thomas^  1810:  professor  of  anatomy  at 
College  of  Surgeons,  1894 ;  FJLS.,  1836 ;  anatomical  pro- 
fessor at  Royal  Aoademy,  1818-43;  ptofessor  of  surgery 
at  Khig's  CoUege,  London,  18Sf-7:  president  of  College 
of  Surgeons,  1849-60  and  1819-8:  Hnnterian  orator,  1841 
and  1847;  president  of  Qeneral  Medical  Cteoncil,  I860: 
friend  and  literary  executor  o(  S.  T.  Coleridge ;  published 
*  The  Dissector's  Manual,*  1810,  and  *  Spiritual  PhUoeophy,* 
1866.  [xxlU.  49] 


Sir  justly  WATSON  (</.  1863X  second 
baronet:  son  of  Sir  William  Green  [q.  v.];  officer,  1st 
royals;  selected  to  attend  Prince  Edwazu  (afterwards 
Duke  of  Kent)  in  his  travels.  [xxiii.  60] 

ORXSK,  Mr8.  MARY  ANNE  EVERETT  (1818- 
1896X  historian:  mf*  Wopd;  of  Wesleyan  parentage: 
married,  1846,  George  Pyoook  Green  (</.  1893) ;  publiHhed 
'Letters  of  Royal  Ladies  down  to  Mary's  reign  *  (1846) : 

*  Lives  of  Princesses  of  England'  ( 1849-66  X  6  vols.,  and 

*  Life  and  Letters  of  Henrietta  Maria,'  1867.  Slic  edited 
at  the  Public  Record  Ofldoe  forty-one  volumes  of  C^alendars 
of  Domestic  State  Papers  (1867-96).  [IxiL  369] 

GRXSK,  MATTHEW  (1696-1787X  poet:  friend  of 
Richard  Glover  [q.  v.]:  his  poem  *The  Spleen'  (1787) 
admired  by  Pope  and  Gray.  [xxiii.  61] 

GRXSK,  RICHARD  (1716-1798).  [See  Greene, 
Richard.] 

ORXSK,  RICHARD  C1803-18(i3),  shipowner  and 
philantlimpist :  iielpcd  to  cxtnbliKli  firm  of  Cirecn,  Wig- 
ram  &  Green,  shipowucrf:  built  KaHt  Iiidiamen  and 
ships  for  the  voyage  to  Austrnlia;  Oittablisliod  Sailors* 
Home  at  Poplar  ;  benefactor  of  mnuy  iuctitutioiiK  in  East 
London.  [xxiii.  61] 

OBEEK.  RUPERT  (176K-1K04K  prmt  publiiilier  and 
artist ;  sou  of  Valentine  Green  [q.  v.]  [xxiiL  68] 

OEXBK,  SAMUEL  (1740-I796X  organ-builder. 

[xxUi.  63] 

GREEK,  THOMAii  (</.  1706X  captain  of  the  Wor- 
cester Eaet  ludiamau ;  liaugul  at  Edmburgh  on  charge 
(apparently  baseless)  of  piracy  awl  murder,    [xxiii.  68] 


GBEEN 


530 


QKEENHAM 


ORESK,  THOMAS  (106&-1738),  binhop;  feUow  of 
Corpus  Chrinti  CoUcjre,  CnnihrMlgc,  1680 ;  M.A.,  168S  ; 
D.D.,  1695 :  master  of  Corpus,  1698-1716 ;  vlce-cbaiioellor, 
1699  and  1718 :  arcLdeucon  of  Oanterbory,  1708 ;  inonm- 
bent  of  St  Martiu's-in-tbe- Fields,  1716 :  bishop  of  Nor- 
\^ich,  1721-3,  of  Ely,  1783-38  :  directed  proceedings  against 
Kichard  BeuUey,  the  classical  scholar  [(i.  y.]    [xxliL  53] 

OEEEK,  THOMAS,  the  elder  (172S-1794X  poUtical 
pamphleteer.  [xxui.  64] 

OKSEK,  THOMAS,  the  jtmnger  ( 1769-1825),  aathor ; 
son  of  Thomas  Green  the  dder  [q.  ▼.] :  extracts  from 
his  '  Diary  of  a  Lover  of  Literattire,*  published,  1810,  and 
1834-48  :  published  poems  and  political  pamplilets. 

[xxiil.  64] 

OREEir,  THOMAS  HILL  (1836-1882),  idealist  philo- 
sopher :  odacated  at  Rugby  and  Balliol  Oollege,  Oxford  ; 
feUow  and  tutor,  1860 ;  Whytc  professor  of  moral  philo> 
sophy,  1878-82;  aasistant-oommisMouer  on  middle-class 
schools,  1865  :  benefactor  of  Balliol  College  and  the  Ox- 
ford High  School,  and  founder  of  a  university  prize ;  the 
*Mr.  Gray*  of  *  Robert  Elsmere':  his  *  Prolegomena  to 
Ethics '  published,  1888 ;  his  works  edited  by  Richard  Lewis 
Nettleehip,  1885-8.  [xxiii.  55] 

OREEK,  VALENTINE  (1739-1818),  mezzotint  en- 
graver and  author ;  keeper  of  Britisli  Institution,  1805- 
1818;  associate  engraver,  1775:  F.R.8.  and  F.S.A. ; 
engraved  twenty-two  plates  from  DUsseldorf  Gallery, 
1789-95:  engraved  four  hundred  plates;  publislied  *  Re- 
view of  the  Polite  Arte  in  France,*  1782,  and  other  works. 

[xxUL  57] 

OSEBK,  WILLIAM  (1714  ?-1794),  hebralst;  scholar 
and  fpllow  of  Clare  Hall,  Oambrld^ :  M.A.,  1741 :  rector 
of  Hardingham,  Norfolk,  1759-94 ;  chief  work,  *  Poetical 
Parts  of  the  Old  Testament  .  .  .  translated  .  .  .  with 
Notes,'  1781.  [xxiii.  68] 

OREEK,  Sir  WILLIAM,  first  baronet  (1726-1  Mil), 
general ;  served  with  engineers  in  Flanders  and  Brittany, 
1746-8 :  wounded  and  captured  at  Val,  1747 :  chief  engineer 
of  Newfoundland,  1755  :  took  part  in  capture  of  Louisberg, 
1758  :  wounded  at  Quebec,  1759 :  present  at  Sillery,  1760, 
and  defence  of  Quebec ;  during  twenty-two  yeara'  service 
at  Gibraltar  (1761-83)  designed  chief  fortifications  (being 
promoted  director,  1778),  general  hospital  and  subter- 
ranean galleritw ;  during  the  siege  (1779-83)  made  kilns 
for  heating  shot,  and  rebuilt  Orange  bastion  luuler  Are ; 
thanked  by  parliament :  created  baronet  and  chief  engi- 
neer of  Great  Britain,  1786 ;  president  of  defence  com- 
mittee, 1788-97  ;  general,  1798.  [xxiii.  58] 

GREEK,  WILLIAM  (1761-1823\  water-colour  painter 
and  engraver :  published  prints  and  etciilngs  of  Knirlish 
Lake  scenery,  1808-14,  and  'Tourist's  New  Guide'  (o^  the 
Lake  district),  witli  forty  etchings,  1822.        [xxiii.  60] 

GREEK,  Siu  WILLIAM  KIRBY  MACKENZIE 
(1836-1891),  diplomatist:  entered  consular  service,  c  1854; 
vice-consul  at  Tetuan  iind  acting  consul  at  Tangier,  1859- 
1M69 :  acting  agent  niid  consul-general  at  Tunis,  1869-71, 
Damascus,  1871-3,  Bairtlt,  1873-6;  consul  at  Scutari, 
1876-9;  consul-general  for  Montenegro,  1879-86;  envoy 
to  Morocco  and  consul-general  at  Tangier,  1886-91; 
K.C.M.G..  1887.  [Suppl.  ii.  348] 

GREEN,  WILLIAM  PRINGLK  (1785-1846X  inventor ; 
enter^  navy,  1797 ;  promoted  lieutenant  for  services  at 
Trafalgar,  1805 :  appointed  to  the  Victory,  1842 ;  took  out 
patents,  1836-7,  for  improvements  in  capstans  and  levers ; 
received  silver  medals  from  Society  of  Art«  for  various 
naval  inventions,  1823  ;  published  *  Fminnento  from  re- 
marks of  twenty-five  years  ...  on  Electricity.  Mag- 
netism, Aerolites,*  &c.,  1833.  [xxiii.  60] 

6REENA0RE,  JAMES  (1785-1837),  munlerer  ;  manu- 
fiictured  *  amalgamated  candy '  for  meilical  purposes  in 
(^mberwell;  prepared  to  mnrry  Hannah  Brown,  a 
washerwoman,  as  his  fifth  wife,  but  murdered  her,  24  Dec. 
1836;  hanged.  [xxiii.  61] 

GREEHBirRT,  ROBERT  (/f.  IGlG-iesO),  painter: 
executoii  portraits  of  William  Waynfiete  and  Bittiiop 
Arthur  Lake,  and  a  picture  of  Dutch  cruelties  at  Amboy  ua. 

[xxiii.  U2] 

GREENS,  ANNE  (/I.  1650X  criminal;  revived,  and 
was  pardonetl.  after  lieiug  banged  for  murder  of  her 
Ule«itimate  chUd,  lb50.  [  x  xiii.  62] 


GREENE,  EDWARD  BURNABT  (rf.  1788).  poet  and 
translator ;  originally  Bnmaby,  assumed  additioiisl  dsbc 
of  Greene,  1741 :  published  translations  fron  dsMol 
poets  and  from  Gray's  Latin  verse.  [xxiiL  I!] 

GREENE,  GEORGE  (/.  1813),  traveller;  wlthvife 
and  children  imprisoned,  when  land  steward  to  Prim  of 
Monaco,  at  Torigny,  Normandy,  by  French  revdotkoniiti, 
1793-5  and  1799-1800 ;  published  aocoantof  the  revolatiao 
in  that  district.  1802,  and  'Joonial  from  London  to  6L 
Petersburg  by  way  of  Sweden,'  1818.  [xxiiL  6S] 

GREENE,  MAURICE  (16967-1765X  mnsiGil  eon- 
poser  :  organist  of  St.  DnnstanVln-the-West,  1716,  lal 
St.  Andrew's,  Holbom,  1717;  organist  of  St.  Flufi 
CaUiedral,  1718,  of  Chapel  Royal,  1727 ;  Mat:  Doc.  and  pro- 
fessor of  music,  Cambridge,  1780 ;  master  of  GcorselTi 
band,  1735;  sided  with  Buononcini  against  Hanki; 
assisted  in  founding  Royal  Societj^  of  Musicians,  17S8: 
the  only  English  organist  named  by  Hattbeson :  ooa- 
pof«d  music  to  Pope's  *  Ode  on  St  Cecilia's  Day,'  Adittm^ 

*  Spacious  Firmament,'  and  Spenser's  *AmoTetti,'  stao 
two  oratorioe  and  songs.  Including  *(3o.  Rote,'  and  *Tte 
Bonny  Sailor,'  vrith  other  works.  [xzUi.  64] 

GREENE,  RICHARD  (1716-1793),  Lichfldd  anti- 
quary and  surgeon ;  related  to  Dr.  Johnson ;  estaUiiM 
printing  press  and  coUectiou  of  curiosities,  to  whki 
Johnson,  Pennant,  and  Erasmus  Darwin  coutriboted. 

[xxilLSI] 

GREENE,  ROBERT  (15607-1692X  pamphleteer  aid 
poet ;  B.A.  St.  John's  (Allege,  Cambridge,  1579 ;  SLA. 
Clare  Hall,  1688;  incorporated  at  Oxford,  1588:  led  s 
dissolute  life  ou  the  continent  and  in  London ;  as«iled  bj 
Gabriel  Harvey  in  *Fovre  Letters'  as  *Tbe  Ape  d 
Euphues';  defended  by  Nashe  in  *  Stmnge  Newes.^  He 
jMtibably  had  some  share  in  the  aathonhip  of  the  arigiail 

*  Henry  VI  *  plays,  which  Shakespeare  reviaed  or  ro-vnit 
Among  his  thiity-eight  puMications  were  painphlitk 
romances,  and  five  (posthomous)  playo,  inclodinff  *lte 
Honorable  Historic  of  frier  Baoon  and  frier  Boagtj/ 
acted.  1 694.  Of  tlie  romances,  *  Menaphon  *  (1589X  repiisiri 
as  'Greene's  Arcadia*  (1599,  Ao.X  and  *Pertoedei  flu 
Blacke-Smith  *  ( 1588)  contain  passages  in  verse  which  iic 
his  best  efforts  in  poetr}'.  His  numerous  pamphlets  inotadi 

*  Euphues,  his  Censure  to  Philantus '  (continoatiaB  of 
Lylv's  work,  1587X  'Greene's  Mourning  Garment,*  UN^ 
*Ne>*er  Too  Late,'  1590,  and  *  Farewell  to  Folly,*  159Ltii 
the  autobiographical  *  Groatsworth  of  Wit  bought  vttk 
a  Million  of  Repentance'  (ed.  ChetUeX  which  attoeb 
Marlowe  and  Peele  and  contains  the  famous  lefewnoe  to 
Shfl^espeare  as  an  *  upstart  crow.'  His  plays  and  pons 
were  edited  by  Dyce  (1881^  hU  *  Complete  Works'  hf 
Grosart,  1881-6.  [zziiLM] 

GREENE.  ROBERT  (16787-1730),  phikieopter; 
fellow  and  tutor  of  Clare  Hall,  Cambridge ;  MJL,  IW: 
D.D.,  1728 ;  published  phUoeophical  works,  1712  and  1727. 

[xxiiL  74] 

GREENE,  THOMAS  (if.  1780),  chancellor  of  Lkb* 
field  (1751)  and  dean  of  Salisboxy  (1757) ;  son  of  Tkmm 
Green  (165a-1738)  [q.  v.]  [xxiiL  M] 

GREENFIELD,  JOHN  (1647  7-1710  ?).     [See  Osoff- 

VBU)T.] 

GREENFIELD,  WILLIAM  or  (tf.  1S15X  axchlM 
of  York  ;  studied  at  Oxford  and  Paris :  doctor  of  civil  «b 
canon  law ;  prebendary  of  Southwell,  1269,  Ripoo,  Vn, 
and  York,  1287;  dean  of  Chichester,  1299;  reetor  flf 
Stratford-on-Avon,  1294;  member  of  royal  embatf  ti 
Rome,  1290 :  present  at  treaty  of  Tarasoon,  1291, ofW 
ham,  1292  :  summoned  to  parliaments,  1295-18U2 ;  a  rajd 
proctor  for  peace  with  France,  1302 ;  ohancdior,  IMM: 
jolnlrregent,  1307  ;  defended  the  marebea  againft  Rstart 
Bruce ;  lenient  to  the  Templars ;  promolgated  oanitilt' 
tiouE,  1306.  [xxiiL  74] 

GREENFIELD,  WILLIAM  (1799-1881).  pUktolW: 
published  *The  Comprehensive  Bible,'  1827,  *TteW 
micrian  Greek  Lexicon  to  the  New  Testament,*  IsniW 
publications  for  British  and  Foreign  Bible  Sodetgr. 

^  [SULWl 

GREENHALGH,  JOHN  (d.  1651X  royaliot:  gonn« 
of  the  Isle  of  Man,  1640;  distiugalshed  himself  at  ^M* 
oester ;  died  of  wounds.  [xdiL  77] 

GREENHAX  or  ORENHAX,  RICHARD  (UllV 
1594?),  puritan  divine:  fellow  of  Fnabroke  HiB, Ox- 
bridge,   1564 ;    MJL.,    1576 ;   tectm  of    Dry  DmHii 


'4 


s 


aBEENHILI. 


1,  llTO-ll ;  dtid  bj  B<*hDp  Ooi  tor  aoD- 
iraicbed  igaiut  Uia  Uu-Pntela  Bmcta, 
at  CbrIM  Chunb,  Kawgita ;  bii  WDTla 


LL,  HBNRY  (IHC-ITOI 

ibdpiil  QomcaliAlanBr  v.  . 

lOm  of  PljmotiUi  dock^ud. 

IL,  JOHK  (1M4  r-ls76),  portntt'ialnta 

snry  Qnenhm  [q.  t.J:    popU   of  Lelj 


ITomiBOTamoTaf  Um 
r  ol  tbe  uTT,  lui ; 


H,    josBPK  (irw-iTMx  .  Owrimfi™: 

V   ol  Tbomu   OnenhUl   [q.   v.];    M.A 
ColliBe,  Oimbilclge,  1731 ;  rector  of  &•! 

'■MA  OIHRdon,    SoTTBy,    1f*T-SH-  niitkll«).*l 

FnpbedH  of  Uk  Stv 
[X,    THOMAfi  (1«B1-I 

[X,      \TILLIAII     HM 

:    dBDf  dI    UmsdMeD   CoUcsc    < 


•ro(8«r 


n  LBOSARD  (1781-11 


WS,  JAMS(d.  I73n.enmai>rl»i;  >or- 
Fsnl't  School.  ITtl -17 ;  nnl)ll<ilial  'Bwa; 
tlc^  EnnUita  anmmir,' Iril  (■bridnd  u 
1  GnniDiu '),  ud  '  Tbe  Loulon  Voca- 
:  and  LaUd  '  (3rd  alliion.  i;i3i. 

[iiim.  83] 
KO,  JOHN  (d.  ItU),  InJepoidait  diTlne : 
irimCalkgcOiDiLHi]Re,Iltll ;  ImprkoaBl 

ITTOV  (q.  T-I  lor    ^*"^'"|f    ■  COUTCDtJclC; 


ritb  bim,  ItM;  ualital  In  formliu  prlTsC 
In  NtcbDlu  Lsoo  (poadbly  Uia  baFDnlug  o 
anwRgitlnndlOD) ;  bugKl  iritli  BuTaw  M  ^bnni  to 
pnUUitng  •HUtlau  boolu  [ulU.84] 

aKEKTWOOD,  JOHN  (0.  LWB),  tcboolniAiHr ;  td 
low  of  CUhsrine  Uitl,  OiinbrUfc ;  V.A„  IHI ;  muter  < 
BTCDtwoni  gmnnuir  Kbool;  pDbUilied  'flniUili  ■ 
Pn«KUi'(lnTerK),ltM.  [iilll.  U] 

OKEXXWOaS. 


ilienltj  College  Scliool. 
rtora,  Oseui  College, 


poralBl  Sodlrty  of  AntaU  ;  t 


d  Uulierdtf  OoUegc.  Loo- 


s;.c!.T 


infalic  Internt  bi  Uk  college. 
OXXEITWOOI),    THOMAS    (17«0-lll7i; 
K-i.  St.  John'!  (MIegi,  Ounbridtn.  '"' 


I:   prinrtpJ, 

totary  LIU). 

mucb  to  pro- 

■  ILMl] 


811; 


LL,  WILLIAM  aLE.\aN1jKi(i1"U-1hsi1, 
MKIb]  It  Kuifby  Bud  TtliiK)'  L'llii-."', 
d  nwrtlrtne  M  K*dc!ltte  tntLnury,  Oitortl, 
M.D.  IMO:  phfilalu  lo  }|iuicll9e  Infir- 
18n-61i  prsL'Uiedit  HuUnplmio  18B1: 
.Bd  MeRtUT,  1897-01,  dt  Hutin^  ODtlBin 
loelc^;  puMisbed  edlUoniof  vorln  b;  Sir 
•K  tl-  T.l  Ineludiag  '  BeliKlo  MnllDt.' 
>la,'iuid  otbi^f  u-ntui^s,  inHiu;iuif  muU\- 
.■ttaury  of  NktioDal  Blognphj.' 

[Aappl.  IL  MSI 
W.    EDWARD   HEADLAM    (ISM-IBSB), 

r':  pncUnd'  It  NoTlb  Shtddi  lod  Tjne- 
TonpiibllahialthitSLTbomu'aHnpltiJ, 
u  pbTflclu  lo  MUdkHi  Honiltal.  1870; 
'  Cllnlal  Society ;  pmldent,  IBTS ;  CnHHilaa 
ege  a<  rbj^'lciaiie,  18)9 ;  pabliibed  medliKl 

OB,  QBOnOE  BELLAS  (1778-18)9).  gto- 
BCdlogilt;  uanmtd  addltlonid  cnuie  of 
Eton :  Kludtsl  ot  Peterboiue.  Cambridge, 
and  Prelbdr^;  Becrrtury  to  Rayu]  InoUta. 
■ttoD.  I8U7-1>;  Bnl  pmldent  of  Geo- 
,  lail;  of  (^cogmphical  Poclety,  18M-«; 

>.  ud  geoiogial  nupg  of  tbe  United  Klag- 
J  oC  Hbidoiiun  ;  died  at  Haplo. 

tiJiUI.  91] 
IT,    OSWALD   (lHa-lg39).    [Sen  Ttsi- 

ELL,  DORA  (1811-1881}.  poet  Hid  EH;l>t; 
a  of  pocnu.  Including  <18«g)  ■Oarmliia 
nmc  wnrki.  comprlMlnR  -Tbe    PsUrnce  of 


Omy'i  Inn.  1817,  beocber,  1817,  uid  treuorer,  1841-1  -. 
feUow  ud  rader  in  hlalor;  and  poUle  lltentore,  Dirhut 
Uolnnlty:  publiibed  'Hlitory  of  Oermuii'  down  to 
771  Ln.,  1830,  ud  ■  HUtory  ot  limt  LaUn  Pitiluclute,' 
lBH-«9.  [Sappl.  IL  191] 

SKEKS,  SAMUEL  KacCDRDT  (IHIO-ISSOX  Uib 
poUcloUn;  ednaled  at  Bclbu^  Aadeinj  ud  Slugow; 
■-----' le,  1860 ;   llbcm]  M.P. 


[i» 


I.  Ml 


le  Greg  [q.  t.]  :  pnbUtb. 


pBllttcelii 


THOUAS  (fl.  1<71),  D 
Uogbt  Mn'FepJl^  1U7.  (lill).  W]* ' 

PBIKiy  (18H-188B),  utbor:  Mm  oI  WUllsm 
■ — ■ '■  — •-'•-•—-  — ""— .  uid  rellgluoi 

„  .  jonomlflt  and 
Qreg  ll-  »•]  *Dd 
'      — '  BDlOglcSl 

Ibambcr  ot  Oomnia-ce ;  pnbllabed  pwpbleta  on  ttctofj 

OSKO.      SAMUEL     (18U1  -  1878),     plijlutbropin ; 
i^rotter  rf  Robert  Hjilr  Greg  (q,  t.]  aud  ol  WUliain 


OSSO,  ROBERT  HYDE  (1TS8-1B79}, 
ant^Dary ;  brother  of  WUlla—  "--*-■' —  ■" 
of  Samud   Grvg    [q.  t,]  : 


HtbK,  and  llbraria 
cloth -etretcblng  m 


it  Deiin  Stanley ;  HtabllAhed 


■ltT:elgb 
1.1896:  CO 


iDolDdiug  '  Tlie  Creed  of  Cbrii 
Alma  and  Attainable  Ideals  ot 
and  political  and  BOclal  eaaayi. 

OBXOAX,    JOHN   EDOA 
detlgnxl  boUdlngs  at  Uancbcal 

BKEOO.  JOHN  (17B8-1878), 
at  Trinity  College,  DoWlr    


(1818-ieU).   archltec 

r.  [.alii.8» 

hlihop ;  gradBdl 


eliapti,  Dabliii,  IRJa,  of  Trinity  cl 

dKcou  ot  KUilare, "  ■   - 

Rou,  18«3;  built  DC 

ORSOO.  ROBERT S4M«KL<18S4-18»«),"ar , 

of  Armagb  ;  aon  of  John  Onus  Cq-  '■]  -  U'^'  TMnlty 
Ctdlege,   Dublin.  1880;    Uicumbeut   ot  Obrlat  Chureb, 

d  'LeUbiln,  1879. 

— magb,  IIM,  till 

[SoppL  IL  lU] 


OBEGO 


582 


GBBGOBY 


OHEO0,  WILLIAM  (<f.  1708),  oonrointor :  of 
Sootti8b  origin ;  ander-clerk  in  office  of  Robert  Harley, 
secretary  of  state,  1706 ;  banged  at  Tyburn  for  sending 
to  the  French  minister,  OhamiUart,  copies  of  important 
state  dooozneuts.  [SappL  ii.  S58] 

OBB00£,  Cacique  of  Poyais  (/.  1817).  [See  Hag- 
QRSQOR,  Sib  Qrkoor.] 

OBBO0£,  WILLIAM  (1761-1817),  chemist  and 
mineralogist :  fellow  of  St.  John's  Ck)Uege,  Cambridge, 
1784-7;  M.A.,  1787;  rector  of  Diptfoni,  Devonshire, 
1787-93,  of  Greed,  Cornwall,  1794-1817 ;  discovered  Menao- 
chanlte,  sometimes  called  after  him  Oregorite;  experi- 
mented on  zeolite,  wavellite,  and  other  substances ;  pub- 
lished pamphlets.  [xxiiL  89] 

OBEOOET  the  Great  (d.  889),  Gbiq,  king  of  Scot- 
land ;  aooording  to  Skene  Uttb  king  of  the  united  kingdom 
of  Scone ;  sncoeoded  Aed,  878,  oeiug  associated  with 
Eocha  :  said  to  have  subjected  Bemioa  and  the  greater 
part  of  Anglia  (probably  x7orthumbria  only),  and  to  have 
been  *the  first  to  give  liberty  to  the  Scottish  churches  * ; 
expelled  with  Eocha.  [xxiiL  90] 

OHEOOET  OF  Cakbowknt  or  Winchestkk  (/. 
1S70X  historian ;  perhaps  dean  of  the  arches,  1279,  and 
prior  of  Gloucester,  1384;  wrote  annals  (682-1290)  of 
monaster}'  of  St  Fbter's,  Gloucester.  [xxiii.  91] 

0£EOO£T  OF  HUNTINQDON  (>f.  1290),  prior  of 
Bamsey  and  author.  [xxiii.  91] 

OEEOOET,  Ladt  (1815-1895).  [See  Stiruno,  Mrs. 
Mart  Anne.] 

G£EOO£T,    liBS.    Cd,   1790?).     [See   Mrb.   Fitz- 

HENRY.] 

OEEOOET,  BARNARD  (1796-1862),  journalist; 
owned  and  edited,  1831-49,  *  The  Satirist,  or  Censor  of  the 
Times  * ;  condemned  for  libel  on  Duke  Charles  of  Bruns- 
wick after  seven  years*  litigation  (1848-50).    [xxiii.  92] 

OEEOOET,  DAVID  (1661-1708),  astronomer ;  son 
of  David  Gregory  (1627-1720)  [q.  v.]:  professor  of 
mathematics  at  Edinburgh,  1688-91 ;  appointed  Savilian 

Srofessor  of  astronomy  at  Oxford,  1691 ;  M.A.  and  ILD. 
ixford,  1692 :  master  commoner  of  Balllol  CoIIq^  ;  F.R£. 
1692 ;  published  '  Astronomlie  Physics  et  Geometricss 
Elemeuta,'  1702,  being  the  first  text-book  on  gravitational 
principles,  and  an  edition  of  Euclid,  1703;  observed 
partial  solar  eclipse,  13  Sept.  1699.  [xxiiL  93] 

OEEOOET,  DAVID  (1627-1720),  inventor  of  an 
improved  cannon ;  practised  medicine  in  Aberdeenshire. 

[xxiii.  94] 

OEEOOET,  DAVID  (1696-1767),  dean  of  Christ 
Church,  Oxford ;  son  of  David  Gregory  (1661-1708) 
[q.  v.]  ;  educated  at  Westminster  and  ClirLst  Church, 
Oxford  ;  M.A.,  1721 ;  D.D.,  1782 ;  first  Oxford  professor  of 
modem  history  and  languages,  1724-36  ;  dean  of  Christ 
Church,  1756-67  ;  master  of  Sherborne  Hoepital,  1759 ; 
prolocutor  of  lower  house,  1761 ;  benefactor  of  C!hrist 
Church  and  Sherborne  Hospital.  [xxlil.  95] 

'  OEEOOET,  DONALD  (d.  1836X  antiquary  ;  secre- 
tary to  Soottbih  Antiquaries*  Society  and  the  lona  Club ; 
published  *  History  of  the  Western  HighlandM  nud  the 
Isles  of  Scotkmd,  1498-1626,*  1836.  [xxiii.  95] 

OEEOOET,  DUNCAN  FARQUHARSON  (1818- 
1844),  mathematician  ;  j'oimgest  son  of  James  Gregory 
(1763-1821)  [q.  v.]  ;  educated  at  Edinburgh,  Geneva,  and 
Trinity  Coll^  Cambridge ;  fellow,  l»tu ;  fifth  wrangler, 
1837  ;  M.A.,  1841 ;  first  editor  of  '  Cambridge  Mathe- 
matical Journal  * :  aseistaut  to  chemistry  professor  ;  his 
*MatbeuiaUcal  WriUugs*  edited  by  W.  Walton,  1866. 

[xxUL  96] 

OEEOOET,  EDMUND  (/.  1646),  author  of  *  His- 
torical Anatoi^y  of  Christiau  Melaucholiy,*  1646  ;  BA. 
Trinity  College,  Oxford,  1636.  [xxiii.  96] 

OEEOOET,  FBANCIS  (1626  7-1707X  schoolmaster; 
of  Westminster  and  Trinity  College,  Cambridge ;  M.A., 
1648 ;  successively  head-master  of  Woodstock  and  Witn^ 
grammar  schools  ;  incumbent  of  llambleden,  Bucking- 
hanubirc,  1671-1707  ;  published  lexicons  and  theological 
treatises.  [xxUi.  96] 

OEEOOET,  GBOBGB  (1754-1808X  divine  and 
author  ;  D.D.  Bdinbungh,  1792 ;  prebendary  of  St.  Paul**, 


1806:  edited  *Biographia  Britannioa,*  1795,  anl  'Km 
Annual  Roister.*  His  works  Include  a  *Hiator;o(ae 
(Thrlstian  (Jhurch,*  1790,  and  a  ^Dlotkmaiy  oC  tlieAili 
and  Sdenoes,'  1806.  [zzULtn 

OEEOOET,  GEORGE  (1790  -  18ilX  pbiwitt; 
grandson  of  John  Gregonr(1724-1778)  [q.  v.] ;  mJ).Ud- 
burgh,  1811 ;  M.R.CJSI,  1812 ;  aasifltant-anrgeoD  to  fona 
In  Mediterranean,  1818-16  ;  physician  to  SmtU-pox  1^ 
pltal,  1824 ;  F.BJS. ;  FJl.CJ>.,  1889;  pobUsbed  ^faeonU 
of  the  Theory  and  Practloe  of  Pbyvic^  182a    [xxUL  87] 

OEEOOET,  JAMES  (168a-1676X  mathematkiu; 
brother  of  David  Gregory  (1627-1720)  ;  educated  at  Abet- 
deen  ;  published  *  Optica  Promota,*  1668,  deBcriUi«  Wi 
reflecting  tdesoope;  printed  at  Fudna,  *  Vera  OreaB  tt 
Hyperbohe  Quaoratora,*  1667,  which  provoked  cooti»> 
versy  with  Huygens ;  F.RB.,  1668  :  matbematted  prs- 
fessor  at  St  Andrews,  1668 ;  first  profeaaoroCmatbemstioi 
at  Edinburgh,  1674 ;  struck  blind  with  amaonaii ;  oo^ 
responded  with  Newton  on  their  respective  tetaoopei: 
original  discoverer  in  matbematica  and  aatranoiny . 

[xxiiL  W] 

OEEOOET,  JAMES  (1758-1831X  profooor  of  noli- 
dne  at  Edinburgh:  son  of  J(dm  Gregory  (1724-1771) 

ei.  v.]:  educated  at  Aberdeen,  Edinbnigh,  aira  OxliBri : 
J).  Edinbnifi^,  1774 ;  professor  of  instStatei  of  medkiBe 
at  Edinburgh,  1776,  of  pracOce  of  medicine,  1790 ;  bsd 
violent  conto)ver8ieB  with  Dr.  Alexander  and  itam 
Hamlltmi  (managers  of  Edinburgh  Royal  JnAxmuj 
and  College  of  Physicians):  suspended  from  feOoirah^ 
Edinburgh  College  of  Physicians,  18U8 ;  pablisbed  '(to- 
speotos  MedlclnsB  Theoretlcee,*  1780-2,  and  misorilsniw 
works.  [xxiii  fl] 

OEEOOET,  JOHN  (1607-1646X  orlentaUst;  MX 
Christ  Church,  Oxford,  1681 ;  chanlain  to  Brian  Dnppa 
[q.  v.] ;  collective  editions  of  his  writings  issoed  u 
*Gregorll  Poethnma,*  1649,  and '  Opuscola,'  1650;  tn»- 
lated  works  on  the  Bxahmans  from  Greek  into  Latin. 

[xxiiL  1011 

OEEOOET,  JOHN  (1724-1778X  prof eMor  of  ne^tidBe 
at  Edinburgh ;  grandson  of  James  Gregory  (1688-1171) 

iq.  v.] ;  studied  at  Edinburgh  and  Leyden ;  MJ).  Aba^ 
een;  professor  of  phUosophy,  Aberdeen,  1741-9;  n* 
moved  to  Loudon,  1764;  F.B.8.;  protaaor  of  me^eiBC^ 
Edinburgh,  1766-78;  intimate  with  Akenside,  Bane. 
Seattle,  and  other  literary  celebrities.  His  wnta  (osi* 
lected,  1788)  Include  a  'Comparative  View  of  the  SMe 
and  Faculties  of  Man  with  those  of  the  Animal  Worii' 
1766.  [xxltLlO!] 

OEEOOET,  OLINTHUS  GILBERT  ri774-U4l\ 
mathematician  ;  of  humble  birth ;  taught  matiieinatfei  ■< 
Cambridge;  mathematical  master  at  Woolwich,  UBS: 
M.A.  Aberdeen,  1805,  and  LUD^  1808 :  Button's  sooiMHr 
at  Woolwich,  1807-88:  one  of  tlie  projectors  of  Losdos 
University;  published  treatises  on  astronomy  (18lff)iM 
mechanics  (1806),  besides  *  Letters '  on  Christian  evidaMBi 
(1811),  and  Uves  of  John  Mason  Good  and  Robert  BsH 

[xxliLloq 

OEEOOET,  WILLIAM  (d.  1467),  dironkkr;  M 
mayor  of  London,  1461-2;  benefactor  of  St  AbmX 
Aldersgate,  and  other  churches  and  hoqHtali ;  hii  dui^ 
nlclc  printed  in  *  Collectious  of  a  Loudon  Citiaen.' 

rxxliLlOf] 

OEEOOET,  WILLIAM  (/.  1520X Scottish  OtfBxBk: 
prior  successively  at  Mdun,  Albl,  and  TooIoqm:  docttr 
of  the  Sorbonne  and  confessor  to  Francis  L  [xxiiL  W] 

OEEOOET,  WILLIAM  {d.  1668X  compoier;  vioilBJJ 
to  Charles  I  and  Charles  II ;  his  compositions  ooatilMj 
in  Playford*a  *  Court  Ayres*  and  in  the  •Treaswy  « 
Mnslck '  and  '  Ayres  and  Dialogues.*  [xxiiL  104] 

OEEOOET,  Sir  WILLIAM  (1624-I696X  joige:  ^ 
rister,  Gray's  Inn,  1650 ;  recorder  of  Gloooerter,  w>} 
serjeant-at-law,  1677  ;  M.P.,  Weobly,  1678;  BpeilKr.lw2; 
baron  of  the  exchequer  and  knighted,  1679 ;  nmo^  ** 
^viug  judgment  against  royal  dispensing  power,  lo: 
judge  of  king's  bench,  1689;  rebuilt  church  st  Bo* 
Oapel,  Herefordshire.  [xxiiL  m 

OEEOOET,  WILLIAM  (1766-1840X  Irish  tofl» 
secretary ;  educated  at  Harrow  and  Trinity  OoDege,  (te* 
bridge;  MJL,  1787;  studied  at  Inner  Temple;  moBbc 
for  Portarlington  In  Irish  pariiament,  1798-1800;  ate* 
secretaiy  to  lord-lieutenant  ot  IrsUnd,  1812-41,  aad  «« 


J 

.4 


ttredfrompnbliollh,  IWl;  rm-^g^  <.(  Plumli 
I.  1811.                                              [Suppl.  IL  BM] 
hOKT,  WILLIAM  (IBDS-IBHX  cbemlit :  toortli 

oKSMVnxx,  ^iK  B 

Kvot.TOolle«e,iijifonl. 
ili'fiutal  pnrllitDVuUriiii 

GKXaVLLLE.  w.s 
unof  sir  Bcvll  (ini.^i 
OifonJ,  wall:  11,11.    !■• 

odL  Qilvmr,  lSt7,  ud  rMaloal  ant  till  IHTl: 
Mnal  liberal  part;  on  Onlh  et  I*&li»nt(in, 
t  lulenat  In  trtah  ogniTliin  ItsiBlsUoa :  chilr- 
ouac  of  Cdduhoiu  iaqitlrjr  Into  nccanuwiditlon  at 
gKom.  1  MO:  tnuto  ol  Nitloiui]  ObUbj.  1U7-8>  : 
J  oumdiUor.  1871 ;  gcmroDr  of  Oeiton.  ISTl-T; 
.  inc.    Hli  BDtoMogiapbjr  vh  pnblliliail,  IHM. 

[Sopiri.  U.  mi 
<0M,     VATTBBW    (1T4»-Igi4),    utlqiur; : 

r  till  'PcrtloUo  of  FngnwiiU  rdaUie  to  (tw 
md  Aatkialtln  o(  UK  Coint;  FulaUna  ud 
Luoater.-  1817.  [iilU.  I0»] 

a,  ALSXIS  SAMUILOTIOH  (int-lMl],  itd- 
taMu  ■crrM :  •nn  of  Sir  Samoel  Onlg  Ig.  t.1  : 
ilMd  hiiuslf  In  RuiHirnrkUb  mn  of  lgl)7  and 


a,  JOBS  inn-Ki»Xu 


of  CroottBdl  u 
kthsliM;  coma 

It  krgdr  With  E 

SLIT,  a , 

itR  undCbnit  Chi 


HEKRT  (ieit7-ie?B).  t 


I,  Bicrr  (.*  SCO),  of  Citi 


li-OrellMo,  Bo*- 


:  porebaBad  Tiploii  Hook  ;  M.P„ 
PBuryn,   llilU-«;  abolltlouiBl : 

mux.    [SMalfoaRaanus.! 


Temple  House,  Gra 
—-  ■nglejei" 


HBRVIL(ig»S-l«41),rO]'Bim:BJl. 

•  ■-!:  M.P,  Ooniwall,la»l-*aBd 

I);  icned  amlnn  Bcot(,IS»; 

it  Bnulock  Dom,  lUI ;  UIM 

[iillL  IIU) 
1  (1UT-170S>.  Jaccbltc  dlTlne: 


s-l.;  (l«I 


ORBHTILLB.     ''KOMB^<171S-1T70).__1 


GRENVIXLB 


[iilU.  11»] 
i  NTJGBNT-TEhPLK-,  flnt 
u     (UtS-lBlIX    PtotomaD! 
vlllfl  [q   'D   M'l"-  BncWn*^ 
leiilfDuit  ol   Ireland.  17tll-i 


OEENTIILE   GFnnoK  NDGFNT,  I 
I  r    Inn  lowu    1  1788-  WO)  au 


marqalA  <^ 


'  nnd   Legtodi  of  tlia  L 


T,r 


OKBHTIIJ.E    . 


aaSHVILLE    < 


■M  morlaUy  woiijiJ 
Iteeu  Spaikl^li  #liLt-" 
OREITTILLS, 


oonded  at  Nevbnry,  1 
!•  11  ie4S-»l  ;  lord  n» 
n  of  llie  itole,  lUO ;  tm 
ir  of  PljiDouth,  16B1 ; 


.»^MLnl  [q.  v.]  ot  tbe  Atorea  ttoVt, 
.i([JT  Affhtliikf  Liur^nR  flftwD  boon 

[.Kill.  1*1] 

HiOHARD  (leoo-ieu),  tint 

ir  ILIcIiard  Gren'Ule  (Ittl  !-lftU) 
itluiia  to  Cwllz  mid  the  IbI*  of  B^ 
1'  latttr  :  knUilited,  IMI ;  crcatid 
u  rofalDt  In  Irdaid,  IMl-ti 


GBBNVILLE 


UTsu-l  by  FUliBnnnt  nt  LIiei 

B  COUldHliii,  IMJ  ;  jOlDpd  ObBTl™  IM  Ulipto, !«« :  BMIFg» 

iu  ilelisC  or  Baicx  In  Oornmlt.  IBM ;  hLled  twfon  Rr- 
Doiitb.  IMt :  qwrrelled  wlUi  sir  Jotin  Bcrkelej.  (loriu^, 
■nd  HopCod  :  imprlsonnl  In  Oomwall.  IBM ;  puHd  Iniri 
yean  lu  Brittany  aoa  Bollaud  ;  pDbli)l»]  to  ■utublotmi- 
pbLcnl  pumpUet :  borMstGliciiL  [ulU.  194] 

GBEOTILLE,  Bttermrili   ORENVILLS-TEMPLB, 


1,  iraul  H 
Admimlcy,  nm-T ;  grally  il 


...  .  ,  'PriVBlB  Dtary 

publlitud,  1SS3.  [iiUI.  1»] 

OREXTILLX,         KICHAttS  PLANTAOEKE- 

TSMI'I-K  NUUENT  BKYDQBS  UF!ANDI)»,  Bpcanrl  DUK 


topil,llHt;MarqolsqfCljanii.)-,  isji'-jiu:  m.I'.,  DiirkL 

«iUcbuur(Chu>iwcl£iiw|.l^.:.!:  Ivnl  iitiTy  wnl.  le4l 
pTotecUniLlut :  DitliKai  to  1*11  [luii^lj  ill  hi"  proiwrty,  IB 
puWlabol  «>urt  nxnaoin.  [iilU.  13U 

aUENTIUB.  RICHARD  PLANTAGENBT  0.\i 
BELL  TEMHLB  KUGBST  UHyiKiEH  CHASDoa.  iL 

llUKK0TB[n'KlxaHlMAXl>aflAKIHM(1H»-]BIUI).slllj 

■null :  nn  vt  IUuImti]  P]auU(«uel  T.  K.  B.  V.  aicuvj 
Hsuiii]  iIdIu  oI  BucUiiirbiicii  [q.  tO  ;  Knri  Temple 
HUB  ;  lluqilll  at  Ciuiudw.  1  K3U-el  :  U  Elau  null  Clu 
aiiuoh.0il<ird:  U.C.L,  IMI;  M.l'^  Bui:l(lnihHm.lS 
l«s;;»lordo(aictn ... 


HiUu-my.  IttC3- 


3iUor^  LMfi :  prcpildciit  nt  the  cni 
■creuiry.  IMT-B:p»Bnioro(  Jl 

0SEN7ILLX.  THOMAg  1 1 


! :  priTj-  n 


4  OREBWSILL 

priTy  couDcUlor,  I78S ;  udnt-piyniHlcr-Baiail.  DM: 
Tico.pn(Ideiit  at  bcwd  «  tndc,  ITM-9;  ^ntar,  tm; 
bomfl  Rccnfcuy,  ITfifl-BO:  pnridoit  of  boani  of  onttii 
I7M)-S ;  foidgn  lecnUiy,  IDl-lKIl ;  beHlsl  nr  ;utr 
Id  mlniiliT',  M  lOr  mluiali;  In  On  Hoot  ol  LiW: 
inlgned  wlUiPIUouUwaitbollcqiiBUoa.  IHUi:  rOmi 
MScc  wIthOBt  Poi  in  ritt'a  atoonct  mliilitiT.  int;  IM 
of  'All  tbc  TUcnta,'  1800-7.  whtota  aboUilKd  tlie  *« 
tnde.  18U7. and rMinied  on  Ox  ntbolke  qiMatiim,lM: 
clBiucUorot Oilorl, laoi :  radiaalamnlannlataa 
amlieil  minlatry.  1§tM-ll:  unnionnl  conUnuiuia  <<  tta 
mr.  IKIt :  allDwal  tili  adbcnnu  to  Join  LWcrpmil.  IRI : 
mppurwd  rcrprcKiiTO  dmosurii  of  IBlft,  and  bill  nl  (aba 
andp«naltlmig9ln>rt(}u>wiCanilbK.lB»l.   [IIULID] 


[«« 


IM] 


.  JOlI^i  (,il.  UK),  lonl  nuTDT  ol  Lo 

iOiuhm,  lai.  lord  mayor,  tM7 ;  lonnded  Hotl  gamma 
cbool,  N'orfolk.  [iiOLlMl 

■.  Sir  RICHARD  (list  t-lH«X  tofdaaiH 


„  villi  Unkiic,  and  Ian 
mooey  to  tbe  nobUlu:  conSitantUl  oocraapondat  d 
Woltey  (vhoee  heuaTowia  of  liH  he  lapporMd  la  tta 
comown  cnnndl)  and  Cnmirea;  mrdn  of  Uttiat 
Company,  lfi2A.  aud  thrloemaata:  ahsUt  of  l^ndmaad 
UUIdtewi,  mi :  ■  cmnmbnioiiBr.  lUt,  la  infidn  Mt 

ildennan:  lord  majvr  of  .Loudon,  1»9T  ;  knlgbl(d|w; 
inggwled  npproprlatlon  for  poor  and  aUjk  at  St.  "— 

at.  BartbolomewV  —''■-■*         

daaignoTa  Koynl] 


ly  the  quaai,  lilO.  rlHtroyed  la 
0  OrKliHin  CoJIegt  (Dr  whici    .  . 
(1S7II)  Ll>  bniue  in  D;pbDpaKat«  Stren  to  tbe  « 
and  tlie  Mercvr^'  Oompany :    tli«  boUdlng  rw  h 
gorernnienl,  17eT,  ninl  convcrtal  Into  an  eieiK  J 


OXESLXY  or  GESIBLXT,  Rm  RDOGH  OTtt-l^D. 
nroiiFt  by  Huccaaicn; :  U.Pm  Dnrbnin.  IBSU,K««B°Bi4i 
^1,  Scmtb  D&byihin,  IBSfi-l  l  publlibad  pamidileh 

OBZSLET.WILLIAU  (1801-1876),  d)nac:(dii^ 


tofoeHUl.lBI-'ftl^ 
I  ■TbaOrdlnnKifO* 


•DToy  eitiwndiniiry  1«  Vlen 

of  Uieadmiially.  lHU«-7.  F 
Mnwum  (Includiug  BnE  I 
Qrciivllip  Libn^ry. 

aREKVILLB.  WILLI 
OnKuviLUi  (I7n-1«34),  > 
Ueorae  UrHifille  [q.  7,] ;  ad 


a,  17S4,  to  Btrtin,  1  lira ;  privy 


Uabfld'Por 

fcasion,'  1B9I,  and  « 

0KE8BX,  JORH  ALBXAia)BR(174l-I7MKE^ 

miiiiaCum  H'ltb  FreeSacktyaudlDCDrpmlriBiKlEVi' 
ArWjta.  [rTBl.l»«l 

QXXBBTZLL,  DAH  (IS19-1BSI),  Tatcdoaiy  ni|«al 
puyot  of  Lonlb,  LinoolnaUn,  1871-^.  [nm.  Ut] 

aSKSWZLL,  BDWAItD  (1T!)7-18M>,  cbnxMti«W: 
'  OolUge,  Oif!--    ■—     ■  ■■■--  "       ■       — — 


GRESWBIili 


585 


GREY 


;  BJX,  1890 ;  pablUhed  works,  including  '  Har- 
ui««lica,*  IMO,  *  Fa»ti  Tbmporis  Catholici  ami 
kleIKUrifl^'  185S,  ^Orifjrinea  Kaleiidaria)  Italicn,' 
3iiginetf  Kaleodarise  Hellenicffi,*  1861. 

[xxiii.  156] 
rwr.J.  RICHARD  (1800-1^ IX  « re-fouiider  of 
.1  Society ' ;  brother  of  Edward  Qreswell  [q.  v.] ; 
I  fellow  and  tator  of  Worcester  College,  Ox- 
,  18SS ;  B.D.,  1836 ;  opened  subscription  on 
Ational  edncation  with  a  donation  of  1,000/., 
»f  the  founders  of  the  Museum  and  the  Asbmo- 
,  Oxfonl :  chairman  of  Mr.  Gladstone's  Oxford 
amifctee,  1847-66.  [xxiii.  166] 


..  WILLIAM  PARR  (1766-1854),  bibllo- 
icumbent  of  Denton,  Lancashire,  1791-1853 ; 
AnnalH  of  Parisian  Typography,*  1818,  and 
he  Early  Parisian  Greek  Preai?,*  1833,  1840 ; 
it.  of  Chetham  Catalogue.  [xxiii.  167] 

OV,  WILLIAM  (1736-181SX  master  of  Mag- 
lire,  Cambridge  ;  educated  at  St.  Paul's  School 
Hide,  Cambriilge;  M.A.,  1761:  vioe-cbanoellor, 
ft«ter  of  Magdalene,  1797-1813 ;  archdeacon 
'96.  [xxiii.  167] 

[JJB,  ALGERNON  FREDERICK  (1789-1864X 
vCary  to  Duke  of  Wellington,  18S7-43,  having 
te-de-camp  and  ensign  in  grenadier  guards  at 
Bath  king-of-arms.  [xxUi.  167] 

LIS,  CHARLES  CAVENDISH  FULKB 
I,  clork  to  the  council ;  brother  of  Algernon 
IrerUle  [q.  ▼.]  ;  manager  of  Duke  of  York's 
racing  partner  of  Lord  George  Bentinck,  his 
erk  to  the  oooncil,  18SU69  ;  intimate  with 
li  boUi  parties,  especially  Wellington  and  Pal- 
iis  diary  (mainly  political)  published  1st  series 
1875.  Snd  and  3rd  (to  1860),  1886  and  1887 
ire) :  edited  Raikes's  *  Memoirs '  an<l  part  of 
Tespondence.  [xxiii.  158] 

LL£,  Sir  FULKB,  first  Baron  Brookb 
li.  poet  and  statesman;  Intimate  with  Philip 
Shrewsbury;  fellow-commoner,  Jesus  College, 
,  1668 :  came  to  court  with  Sidney,  and  became 
!  Elizabeth ;  acoompauied  Sidney  to  Heidelberg, 
d  Gabriel  Harvey's  *  Areopagus ' ;  entertained 
irono  at  bis  London  house,  1583  ;  pall-bearer  at 
oeral  at  St  Paul's,  1587  :  secretary  for  princi- 
^ales,  1583  tiU  death;  M.P.,  Warwickshire, 
*  treasurer  of  the  wars'  and  the  navy,  1698; 
chancellor  of  the  exchequer,  1614-21 ;  created 
granted  Warwick  Oistle  and  Knowle  Park  by 
lefriended  Bacon,  Camden,  Coke,  Daniel,  and 
:  stabbed  by  a  servant.  A  collection  of  works 
.  his  yoath '  (including  tragedies  and  sonnets) 
1, 1633,  hU  *  Life  of  Sidney,'  1668  (reprinted  by 
316),  and  his  <  Remains,*  1670.  His  complete 
(  reprinted  by  Grosart,  1870.         [xxiii  159] 

LLX,  HENRT  WILLIAM (1801-1873X diarist; 
Tharles  Cavendish  Fulke  GrevUle  [q.  v.] ;  attach^ 
ikmssy,  1834-44 ;  gentleman  usher  at  court :  his 
m  a  Diary '  published,  1883-4.       [xziU.  163] 

LLS,  ROBERT,  second  Baron  Brooke  (1608- 
liamentarian  general;  adopted  by  his  cousin, 
ireville,  first  baron  Brooke  [q.  v.] ;  M.P.,  War- 
-9 :  member  of  company  for  plantation  of  Pro- 
1  Henrietta  islands  (in<K>rporated,  163U) ;  oom- 
Gor  treaty  of  Ripou,  1640 ;  speaker,  House  of 
t;  defeated  Northampton  at  Kinetou,  1642; 
er  E«ex  in  Midlands ;  took  Stratford-on-Avou, 
ivas  killed  in  attack  on  Lichfield;  published 
ne  of  Truth,'  1640.  [xxUi.  163] 

LLE,  ROBERT  KATE  (1794-1866),  botanist; 
Sdinborgh,  1816  ;  joined  the  Wemerian  Society, 
LSJL,  1821  ;  LL.D.  Glasgow,  1824 ;  made 
xmrs  in  the  highlands;  vice-president,  Anti- 
Qveniion.  1840;  M.P.,  Edinburgh,  1866:  pub- 
ittish  Cryptogamic  Flora,'  *  Flora  Edineusis,' 
ues  PUicam'  (with  Hooker),  1H29-31,  and 
annicse,'  1830 ;  edited  (with  Dr.  R.  Huie), '  The 
CpoemsX  1832-4,  and  (with  T.  K.  Drummond) 
:h  ci  England  Hymn-book,*  1838 ;  his  coUec- 
gte  acquired  by  British  Museum,  insects  by 


Edinburgh  University,  flowering  plants  by  Glasgow,  and 
other  crfptogamia  by  Edinburgh  Botanic  Garden. 

[xxiiL  164] 
GREW.  JONATHAN  (1626-1711),  first  presbyterian 
minister  of  Dagnal  Lane,  St.  Albans,  1698-1711 ;  nephew 
of  Obudiah  Grew  [q.  v.]  [xxiii.  169] 

GREW,  NEHBMIAH  (1641-1712),  vegetable  physio- 
loglat:  son  of  Obodiiih  Grew  [q.  v.];  B.A.  Pembroke 
Hall,  Cambridge,  1661  ;  MJ>.  Leyden,  1671 ;  F.R.S.,  1671 ; 
secretary  to  Royal  Society,  1677-9 ;  probably  first  to  ot>- 
serve  pex  in  plants ;  published  '  The  Anatomy  of  Plants,' 
1682  (4  vols.X  embodying  previous  publications,  and 
*  Cosmologia  Sacra,'  1701.  against  Spinoza,  besides  scientific 
pamphlets  ;  genus  named  Orewia  after  him  by  Linnieus. 

[xxiii.  166] 

OEEW.  OBADIAH  (1607-1689),  ejeoteil  minister: 
M.A.  Balliol  CoUeee,  Oxford,  1632;  D.D.,  1661 ;  master  of 
Atherstone  srmmmar  school,  1632 ;  appointed  vicar  of  St. 
Miclwel's,  Coventry,  1646 ;  pleaded  wiUi  Cromwell  for  the 
king's  life,  1648 :  favoured  royalist  rising,  1669 :  obliged 
to  resign  living,  1662,  and  leave  Coventry,  1666  ;  returned, 
1672,  and  with  John  Bryan  (d.  1676)  [q.  v.]  founded  pres- 
byterian congregation ;  imprisoned  under  Five  Mile  Act, 
1682;  his  *  Sinner's  Justification*  (1670)  translated  into 
Welsh,  1786.  [xxiii  168] 

OSST.    [See  also  Gray.] 

OBEY,  ANCHITELL  («/.  170S),  compiler  of  debates; 
second  son  of  Henry  Grey,  first  earl  of  Stamford  [q.  v.]  ; 
M.P.,  Derby,  1666-86,  in  convention  of  1689  and  parlla- 
ment  of  1690-4  ;  his  notes  printed  (1769)  as  '  Debutes  of 
the  House  of  Commons,  1667-94.*  [xxiii.  169] 

ORET,  ARTHUR,  fourteenth  Baron  Grky  dk 
Wilton  (1536-1593X  son  of  Sir  William,  thirteenth  baron 
Grey  de  Wilton  [q.  v.];  servo!  at  St.  Quentin,  1667; 
wounded  during  siege  of  Leith,  1660 ;  succeeded  to  title, 
1662 :  conunissioner  at  trials  of  Duke  of  Norfolk,  1574, 
Mary  Queen  of  Soots,  and  William  Davison  (1641  ?-1608) 
[q.  v.],  whom  he  defended ;  as  lonl-deputy  of  Irelandi, 
1680-2,  had  Spenser  as  secretary  ;  overcame  rebels  of  the 
pale,  and  pacified  Munster;  member  of  committee  of 
defence  of  the  kingdom,  1687-8.  [xxiii.  169] 

OEET,  Lady  CATHERINE  (1538  ?-1568).  [See 
Seymour.] 

GREY,  CHARLES,  first  Earl  Grky  (1729-1807), 
general ;  with  Wolfe's  regiment  at  Rochefort,  1757,  and 
hi  Germany ;  aide-de-camp  to  Prince  Ferdinand  nt  Minden, 
1769,  being  wounded  there  and  at  (>ampen,  1760;  lien- 
tenant-colonel  of  98th  at  Belle  Isle,  1761,  and  Havana, 
1762;  while  in  America  defeated  Wayne;  commanded 
third  brigade  atGermanstown,  1777 ;  annihilated  Bayler's 
Yii^nian  dragoons,  1778;  major-general,  1778;  KUB., 
1782 ;  rdieved  Nieuport,  1793 ;  co-operated  with  Jervis 
in  capture  of  French  West  Indies,  1794 ;  general  and 
privy  councillor,  1795;    created  baron,  1801,  and  earl, 

1806.  [xxiU.  172] 

(}REY,  CHARLES,  second  Barl  Grey,  Yibcount 
Ho  WICK,  and  Baron  Grey  (I764-1846X  statesman  ;  son 
of  Charles  Grey,  first  earl  [q.  v.]  :  educated  at  Eton  and 
King's  College,  Cambridge :  M.P^  Northumberland,  1786- 

1807,  Appleby  (Viscount  Qowick),  1807  ;  acted  with  Fox, 
except  on  t^e  regency  question,  during  Pitt's  first 
ministry ;  one  of  the.managers  of  Warren  Hastings's  im- 
peachment, 1787 ;  took  up  reform  question  for  Society  of 
Friends  of  the  People,  1798,  and  in  1797  brought  forward 
his  first  bill ;  attacked  Pitt's  foreign  policy  and  repressive 
legislation ;  seceded  from  House  of  Commons  with  whig 
party,  1797  ;  returned  to  resist  Irish  union,  1800 ;  refused 
to  join  Addington,  favoured  renewal  of  the  war,  and  acted 
with  Grenville  during  Pitt*s  second  ministry ;  first  lord  of 
the  admiralty,  1806  ;  foreign  secretary,  1806-7,  resigning 
when  George  III  required  a  pledge  not  to  reintroduce 
catholic  emancipation;   acted   with  Grenville   as  joint 

'  adviser  to  the  Prince  Regent,  1811 ;  with  Grenville  refused 

I  either  to  form  a  whig  ministry  without  control  of  the 

I  household,  or  to  join  coalition  with  tories,  but  maintained, 

'  in  opposition  to  Grenville,  the  principle  of  supporting 

independence   of   nationalities    in    foreign   affairs,   and 

differed  from  him  in  opposing  all  repressive  le)>^lation ; 

j  oppoeed  the  king's  divorce  bill  of   1820,  and  refused  to 

co-operate  with  Canning ;  again  took  up  parliamentary 

reform,  1830;   prime  miniiiter  of  whig  administration, 

I  1831;  Introduced  a  reform  bill,  1831;  defeated  in  oom- 

'  mittee ;  dissolved,  1831 ;  carried  new  bill  hi  Ck)mmon8,  bat 


GREY 


586 


GhBET 


lost  it  an  second  reading  in  Lords ;  reintrodaoed  it  in 
Lords,  but  was  defeated  on  motion  to  postpone  dis* 
francliislng  clAuses,  1832 :  reBigued,  but  returned  in  a  few 
days  (May  I8S2)  with  promise  of  power  to  create  peers, 
and  flually  oarried  the  bill ;  retired,  1834^  in  consequence 
of  a  disagreement  in  the  cabinet  on  the  renewal  of  the 
Irish  coercion  act  of  1833,  lie  himself  faTOuring  severity  : 
K.Q.  [xxUl  173] 

OHET,  CHARLES  (1804-1870),  general ;  second  sur- 
viving son  of  Oharles  Orey,  second  earl  Grey  [q.  v.] ;  lieu- 
tenaut-colond,  71st  highlanders,  1883-43;  general,  1865; 
private  secretary  to  his  father,  1880-4,  to  Prince  Albert, 
1849-61,  and  afterwards  to  Queen  Victoria,  1861-70 ;  M.P., 
High  Wycombe,  1831-7 ;  published  biography  of  his  father, 
1861,  and  *  Early  Years  of  The  Prince  Oonsort,'  1867. 

[xxiiL  179] 

aSET,  Sir  OHARLES  EDWARD  (1785-1866X  Indian 
judge  and  colonial  governor;  B.A.  University  OoUege, 
Oxford,  1806 :  fellow  of  Oriel  Oollege,  Oxford,  1808;  bar- 
rister, 1811 ;  bankruptcy  commissioner,  1817:  juil^  of 
Madras  supreme  conrt^  1820;  knighted,  1820;  chief- jui«tice 
of  bengal,  1826;  special  commifisioner  to  Oanuda,  1835; 
M.P.,  Tynemouth,  1838-41;  governor  of  Barbados  and 
other  islnnils  1841-6,  of  Jamaica,  1847-S3.     [xxiii.  180] 

OKET,  EDMUND,  flrst  Earl  ov  Kknt  (1420  7-1489X 
lonl  high  treasurer;  grandMU  of  Reginald  de  Grey,  third 
baron  Grey  of  Ruthin  [q.  v.],  whom  lie  succeeded,  1440; 
supported  Henry  YI ;  deserted  to  Yorkists  at  battle  of 
Northampton,  1460 ;  privy  oouuclUor,  1463  ;  lord  trea- 
surer, 1463:  created  Earl  of  Kent.  1465;  commissioner  of 
oyer  and  terminejr  in  Lcmdou  and  home  counties,  1483. 

[xxUL  180] 

OSSY,  ELIZABETH,  (30UXTRH8  op  Krnt  (1581- 
1651 X  authoreBs;  a^  Talbot;  married  Henry,  seventh 
earl  of  Kent ;  said  to  have  been  afterwards  secretly  mar- 
ried to  Sdden:  published  *A  Choice  Manuall,  or  Rare 
and  Select  Secrets  in  Physick  and  Ghyrurgery'  (2nded., 
1663),  and  a  book  of  culinary  recipes  (19th  ed.,  16873. 

[xxiii.  181] 

OREY,  FORDE,  Earl  op  Tankrrvillk  (d.  1701), 
whig  politician ;  succeeded  as  third  Baron  Orey  of  Werk, 
1675;  a  sealous  exolusionist,  1681;  convicted  of  con- 
spiracy to  carry  off  his  sister-in-law.  Lady  Henrietta 
Berkeley,  1682 ;  fled  to  HoUaud  on  discovery  of  Rye  House 
plot,  1683 :  comnumded  Monmouth's  horse  at  Sedgemoor, 
1685;  gave  evidence  against  his  associates,  and  vtm 
restored  to  titie,  1685 ;  j<rfned  WiUiam  of  Orange;  created 
Karl  of  Tankerville,  1695;  priv>'  councillor,  1695;  com- 
missioner of  trade,  1696;  firat  commissioner  of  the  trea- 
sury, 1699  ;  lord  privy  seal,  1700.  [xxlil.  182] 

OBBT,  GEORGE,  second  Earl  op  Krnt  (</.  1503), 
soldier;  styled  Lord  Grey  of  Ruthhi  till  1489;  saw  mUi- 
tary  service  in  France  uiitler  Edward  IV  and  Henry  VII ; 
commanded  against  Cornish  rebels  at  Blacklieath,  1497. 

[xxiiL  181] 

aSET,  Sir  GEORGE,  second  baronet  (1799-I882X 
statesman ;  grandson  of  Oharles  Grey,  flrst  earl  Grey  [q.  v.] ; 
graduated  at  Oriel  Oollege,  Oxford,  1821 ;  barrister,  1826; 
practised  as  barrister;  succeeded  as  baronet,  1828;  M.P., 
Devonport,  1832-47,  North  Northumberland,  1847-52,  and 
Morpeth,  1853-74 ;  Under-Secretary  for  colonies,  1834  and 
18H5  -9 ;  judge  advocate-general,  1889-41 ;  chancellor  of 
duchy  of  Lancaster,  1841 ;  home  secretary  under  Russell, 
1846-52,  and  under  Palmerston,  1855-8  and  1861-6 ;  colo- 
nial secretary  in  Lord  Aberdeen's  coalition  ministry, 
1854-5 ;  chancellor  of  duchy  of  Lancaster,  1859-61 ;  carried 
ooQTict  discipline  bill,  which  abolished  transportation. 

[xxiii.  183] 

OBIT,  Sir  GEORGE  (1812-1898),  colonial  governor ; 
educated  at  Sandhurst;  received  commission  in  88rd 
foot,  1829 ;  captain,  1839 ;  left  army,  1839 ;  made  explor- 
ing expeditions  for  R^al  Geographical  Society,  north- 
western coast  of  Western  Australia ;  governor  of  South 
Australia,  1841-5,  New  Zealand,  1845-53  (both  of  which 
colonieB  1^  raised  from  state  of  disorder  to  that  of  peace  and 
comparative  prosperity),  and  Cape  Colony,  1853 ;  recalled, 
1859,  for  encouraging,  without  official  permission,  a  policy 
of  South  African  faleration ;  restored  to  office,  1869 ;  again 
governor  of  New  Zealand,  1861-7,  during  which  period 
he  came  into  frequent  conflict  with  his  ministers  and  the 
colonial  office;  chosen  (1874)  superintendent  of  province 
of  Auckland ;  member  of  House  of  Repreaeutatives  for 
Auckland   city  (1874-94X  led   opposition  to  centralist 


party ;  prime  minister,  1877-8 :  nieoeflrtiiny  alToaid 
adult  franchise,  triennial  parliAmeota,  taxatiMi  d  Uai 
values,  leasing  instead  of  sale  of  crown  kndi,  and  eon- 

Kulsory  repurchase  of  private  estates ;  retained  to  Esf* 
uid,  1894 ;  privy  oonncillor.  1894 ;  buried  pablidy  in  ft. 
Paurs  CHithedral ;  published  works  relating  to  langiace, 
topography,  and  history  of  Australia  and  New  Zeataod. 

[SnppLiLStT] 

OBEY,  HENRY,  DuKR  oF  Suffolk,  third  Mibqcv 
OF  DoRflRT  (<f.  1554)Jather  of  IjMiy  Jane  Grey ;  socomM 
as  thhid  Marquis  of  Dorset,  IftSO ;  K.G^  1547 ;  proBuncn 
during  Edward  YI's  minority;  privy  councillor,  IStt: 
attached  himself  flrst  to  Seymour  of  Sodeley.  and  tnm 
1548  to  Dudley  (Northumberland) ;  created  dnloe  on  (ksth 
of  wife's  male  rdatioos,  1551 ;  gave  up  Lady  Jane  Gny^ 
cause,  1553,  and  was  pardcmed  by  Bfaiy;  joined  rtataf 
against  Spanish  marriage ;  executed  for  treason. 

[xxiiL  IM] 

OBEY,  HENRT,  ninth  Earl  of  Kkkt  (1594-1611)^ 
parliamentarian;  MJP.  (as  Lord  Ruthin)  for  Lefcnter- 
sldre,  1640-3 ;  commlsi>iouer  of  great  seal,  1643-4, 164Mi, 
and  1648-9 ;  speaker  of  Uou«e  of  Lord?,  1645  and  1M7. 

[xxtu.  m] 

OBEY,  HENRT,  flrst  Earl  of  Stamford  (IftM!- 
1673X  parliamentnrian  general:  suooeeded  as  neooad 
Baron  Grey  of  Groby,  1614;  created  Barl  of  StamfM. 
1628;  commanded  under  Bssex  in  the  «wt,  lMS-3: 
defeated. at  Stratton,  1643;  besieged  and  oompelU  ti 
surrender  to  Prince  Maurice  at  Exeter,  1643 ;  impsMM 
for  assaulting  Sir  Artiinr  Haselrig,  1G45 ;  dedarsl  for 
Charles  11, 1659 ;  committed  to  the  Tower,  1659. 

[xxilLlsn 

OBEY,  HENRY,  DuKR  of  Kkkt,  eieveutfa  Bud. 
OF  Kkxt  (16647-1740);  grandson  of  Henry  Gr^,  ninth 
earl  of  Kent  [q. v.];  created  duke,  1710;  a  loidjoitio^ 
1714.  [xxiiL  187] 

OBEY,  HENRY  (1778-1859),  Freechoxtshminislflriit 
Stenton,  St  Cuthbert's  Chapel,  Sdinborgh,  1813-21.  tke 
New  North  CHmrch,  1821-5,  and  St.  Mary's,  1829 ;  isobM. 
1843 ;  chairman  of  general  assembly,  1844;  ttie  Oicy 
scholarships  at  New  (College,  Edinburgh,  founded  in  he 
honour.  [xxiiL  1«] 

OBEY,  Sir  HENRY  GEORGE,  Yiscou^tT  HowKC. 
and  afterwards  third  Earl  Grbt  (180S-1894X  rtMtmaM : 
son  of  Charles   Grey,  seccmd  earl   Grey  [q.v.];  Hi. 
Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  182S;  whig  MP.,  Wlncheba. 
1826-30,    Higham    Ferrers,    1830;    under  •secietary  far 
colonies  in  his  father's  admlnistratioii,  1890-3,  and  tor 
home  affairs,  1834-5 ;   M.P.,  ^orthomberlaod,  1831,  mt 
for   northern    division    of    Nortluunberlaiid,    18M-4lj 
privy  councillor  and  secretary-at-war,  1835-9 ;  propoaid 
amendment    to    Irish    franchise     bill    which  renltBi 
in  defeat  of  government,   1841,  and  abaadonmeot  d 
biU ;  M.P.,  SunderUuMl,  1841 ;  soooeeded  to  earklom.  IM 
and  became  active  leader  of   his    par^   in  Bona  ■ 
Lords;  secretary  for  colonies,  1846-52;  instttatsl tfehcl- 
of-leave  system,  1848 ;  strongly  advocated  transportstfoa 
of  convicts  :  revived  committee  of  privy  council  for  tn* 
and  foreign  plantations  as  a  ddiberative  and  advisotyMr* 
1849 :  pubUshed  *  Colonial  Policy  of  Lord  John  RnsMn 
Administration,'  1853 ;  maintained  a  critical  and  in^ 
pendent  attitude  after  1862 ;  strongly  opposed  GlsiMeBn 
home  rule  policy,  1885-6 ;  pubUshed  political  writiB^ 

[SappLlLSei] 

OBEY,  Lady  JANE  (1687-1554).    [See  DitdlR.} 

OBEY  or  OBAY,  JOHN  de  (<I.  1214),  Usbop  of  1^ 
wich,  1200-14 ;  elected  by  King  John's  inflnenoe  to  tt* 
primacy,  1205,  but  his  election  quashed  in  fsnor  if 
Langton  by  Innocent  III,  1207;  jostioe  itinecant;H» 
money  to  John :  named  by  Matthew  Plsiii  asMf  « 
king's  evil  oounsellora ;  excluded  from  the  genenl  s»^ 
lution  of  1213 ;  as  justiciar  of  Irdand  (121»-U(» 
modelled  the  coinage  on  the  English  pattern ;  Mwy 
elect  of  Durham ;  died  at  St  Jean  d' Anddy  while  vm 
ing  from  Rome.  {xiSL  lHj 

OBEY,  Sir  JOHN  DK (d.  1266).  judge ;  fined  sadij 
prived  of  justiceship  of  Chester  for  marrying  ^^^Sf 
royal  license,  1251 ;  forgiven  after  taking  the  cnNi,  am\ 
steward  of  Gasoony,  1253  ;  one  of  the  twelve  lepioaeBli 
tives  of  the  commonalty,  1258 ;  justice  in  eyre  in  Sooia*^ 
Dorset,  and  Devon,  1260:  fought  in  Wales  againrt  » 
baron:) ;  sheriff  of  Nottinghamshire  and  Dcrbyuiiie.  IM< 

[xniLmi 


i 


r ' 


II  Onj  id.  1! 


gTUbdna  ct  6ir  John  ds  Gnr  (_n.  r,] ;  mm- 
■THamniC.  I30«:  >  lOtd  DnUiBBT.  1110,  iDil 
mnni'  Hnjnoll,  IJIB :  jutloe  o(  Nortb  Wilo, 
I  Edward  U.  IIM.  [iitll.  191] 

lOHN  DK,ieaoi>l  Bison  Oun  □>  Bornu- 
-lUi),  MUin;  amituitlT  nDplOTtd  In  win 
II ;  one  of  It*  orlolul  EJl  j,  1M4 :  ilennl 
boU,  lUO.  [iiiU.  IM] 

JOHN  ot,  thlid  Babuk  (iLith  b*  laian) 
moB  (110»-1SH>,i(Alla;  iRTed  Ednid  ni 

nuklsi,  mod  Viua ;  goreroor  of  Roohvtor 

[»>UL  IM] 
r  OKAT,  JOEN.  Bui. 

er;   gntDilioD  of  Tbou 

>k  put  in  lies*  of  Hiu1ki<: 

nd  ioBcnrjT^ 

lICtCbHiibalibiof  NomiMidyiftud  Vi.Q-,  H19  ; 

sa  of  itouai,  lll> ;  killed  it  battle  ul  Beuig«. 

[iiUt  IM] 
JOHN,  elcbth  Bjiiiun  Fchrkiu  uv  anum 
.  lAbcutdu] ;  Dot  aa 
Mjried  Bir  Jubii :  fln 


d  manjDli  of  Donet  [q.  v.l :  deputj  of  Htw- 
T  Bdwv4  VI  -.  nc^Ted  grvit'  of  lud  Crom 
-- d  Muj  :  judud  Writt't  rlalii«,  KM.  lid 


Sib  JOHH  (lIWi-lBM),  UeateDut«eiienil ^ 
TMtlNnlTiMTippao  Sahib;  with  lUi  in  Pculn- 

DloHl,  iDd   bstUUon. 


ji  Eu-l  Oiry,  AlUiorpc,  Hid  Jeljre; 
r  aXAT,  Lord LBOSARD, ViBcousTOtti 


UKOaU.  tatli  eu-l  ol  KlUiR  [q.  t,].  bl«  «ni- 

at  DuiiMPOit  of  llH-7,  •iliei  hlmKlf  witb 
[«Jii«t  Onundc ;  deftated  DsmoDd,  lAtB ;  bt 
rower  HiUfinchuve  of  Bopportiii^  nntivp  Iriib 


lODT  ItABTOHOT-ltTI).    [BecKEiH.] 
S'IOHOI.&B(lM0?-lU0),lnid-mwlerD(Slon: 

■ ' ■   Chriit  Oliarcb,  Oifoni; 

t :  bead-auuto'  ot  Obirler- 


KSantiXD  DC,  tblid  BiBON  Obxt  or  1 
»).  HMoeedid  U  title.  IKS ;  nxoHtDl  ii 
ifiiBit   Edwvd  HutlngK  lor  rlgbt  t 


Kantaambermuil.  IIU,  of  Bm  ud 


OXZT.  Loud  HIOK*BD(>;.  IIM), brother  of  Thomu 

Grej.  ftrtcuurqiiieor  DoiMt  [i|.  v.] :  K^B^  i47fi;  hccidvI 

'     lllchiinl.  dote  of  (jloiimwr.  or  eatnugtog  KJward  T 

nn  blm ;  beheiKiBl.  [iiUL  1)4] 

a&BT,  HIOBABD  (1«M-1TT1X  loUiDr  ;  KJt.  Llnoota 

lk«E.  Oxford.  iri8 1  Dhiplalii  ud  laareUrT  to  Biilup 

psr  of  DurbuD :  rector  of  HiutoD,  Nortliunptooiblr^ 

_  M.Mid  Ktmoota.  LiicMbnhin.  ITU;  friaiil  of  Dod- 

drMce  ind  Dr.  Johoua;  bU  ■  Mamorii  Tccbnlo' (I7W) 


OMXY,  BOUER.  tint  Sakos  Sa^ 
lUii,  jrouDger  aoa  of  John  lie  On;,  ic 
of  WUti     -        •     -         


HIS  (d. 


[q.»,J;. 

™to.trf"bBrg»TeonyCtaU*rriil."'°'  '"^I'lawij" 
(IRXT,  THOKAa,  Birt  MIHSDIS  or  DOHSBT  (1*61- 
IMl),  iocondad  bli  fatber,  John  Grer.  dclith  Bum 
Kerien  of  Gnb;  [q.  v.)  u  nlath  hvon,  IMI ;  mbd 
&rl  of  HantiDgdou.  1471,  bBTing  fouvht  tor  Edward  IT 
at  Tewkeaboi? ;  K.B.  awl  Sbrquli  ol  Dorwt,  MTt ;  K.U„ 
1476  ;  privj  ODODcillar.  147a ;  Look  HriDIagaiiut  Bit:hB[d  III 

hJoi  to  Bngland:  liii  Uti«  conBrmsl.  14M;  imprlHDad 
DO  flDBpic]<ni.  1487 ;  Hrred  wltli  tlw  «jipadltioa  to  aid  the 
Bmneror  MHlmlllaii.  MM,  and  agabut  tbe  Oorslib 
lebeli,  14»7 :  carlr  patroo  ol  Wobie;.  [iiUi.  Ml] 

OBZT,  THOMAS,  lecond  MiKyuuior  D.>iuiBi(1477- 
Itaoj,  thlid  loD  of  lliomaa  Orty.  drfC  nurqali'  ol  Donit 
fq.  T.v   educated  at  Uagdalu    College  Khoo) : 
LonJ  EaringtoQ  till  Ii—     *' ' ' ' 


-17  Till 


rem*  :  wltoe«  agaliut  Queen 
artl.^1«a«am>itWolKr.lt»:p< 
id  the  Preuch  klim. 

ether 

le  and  Hgnar 
"'[fxiiriSr 

OEBY,  THOMAS.  fltl«nth  and  lut  BAHi.x  OhKY  of 
ILTOS  {J.  1914).  iOHOded  Ilia  fatber.  Arthur  On}. 
urt«nth  bejon  [q.  y.],  UBS :  Mrrad  a^inil  tho  Armada ; 
Tolaolwr  in  the  Iilaoda'  ToyaKc  1697  ;  colonel  of  borH 

EIOHA.BD  DS,  eeoODd  Bmoi  Ohky  o>  OonKot 


uTriideat^     ""[«iii:»iy  ■ 

Sa&oN  Qbkt  0?  Grobt  (lOlT- 
ter  ID  LoDg  pariiameut  hdi]  thai  of 

ci]  of  Bt«te,  ll>J9-6-L ;  rcceivol  eurrciiilvr  of  UaaH7 


I ;  imprlbODed  oa  a  Flfth-in< 


OSXT,  THOMAS,  Hcond  BiHb  III  gTAUruBD(lM4' 
i7KlX  eUlMman;  kid  ot  Tbomae  OnJ,  tvoD  Orty  of 
Qrotay  (q.  T.]i  llA.  Cbrlrt  Cborch.  Oifoid, laea ; 'US- 
ceeded  likg  giamdfaUier,  Henry  Ore/,  Orit  earl  [q.  t.), 
u  ismd  earl,  Itlt;  aaatm  at  BlwttsdiDiT'i  v^rtji 


GREY 


538 


GKIFFIN 


impriiODed  as  connected  with  Rye  House  plot,  1683 :  par- 
doned, 1686 :  member  of  committee  for  lnve!>tifratiug  deaths 
of  Rusdell  and  Sj'dney,  1689 ;  privy  oouucillor,  1694 ;  com- 
missioner of  trade,  1695:  chancellor  of  the  duchy  of 
Lancaster,  1697;  president  of  board  of  trade  and  foreign 
plantations,  1699-1702  and  1707-11 :  F.R^,  1708. 

[xxiii.  207] 
ORET,  THOMAS  PHILIP  db,  Barl  dk  «rky  (1781- 
1859),  statesman ;  descendant  of  Henry  Orey,  ninth  earl 
of  Kent  [q.  v.] :  succealed  his  father  as  third  Baron 
Grantliam,  178C:  Aft<nmed  name  of  Weddcll,  1803,  of  De 
Grey  on  death  of  the  Oonntesi>  De  Grey,  his  aant,  1833 ;  first 
lonl  of  the  admiralty.  1834-6 ;  viceroy  of  Ireland,  1841-4  ; 
F.R.S.,  1841 :  first  president.  Society  of  British  Architects, 
1834-59:  pablisiied  'Memoir  of  the  Life  of  Sir  Charles 
Lucas,*  1846,  and '  Characteristics  of  tlie  Duke  of  Welling- 
ton,' 1853.  [xxiiL  208] 

OREY  or  G&AT,  WALTER  dr  (d.  1256X  archbishop 
of  York :  as  chancellor  of  England,  1205-14,  one  of  King 
John's  chief  instruments  and  recipient  of  numerous 
benefices  from  him ;  his  election  to  see  of  Lichfield,  1210^ 
quashed  by  papal  legate ;  bishop  of  Worcester,  1214 :  one 
of  John's  supporters  at  Runnymead,  1215 ;  obtained  at 
Rome  the  quashing  of  Simon  Langton's  election  to  see 
of  York;  archbishop  of  York,  1215-56;  acted  against 
French  party  during  minority  of  Henry  III :  married 
Alexander  II  of  Scotland  to  Joanna,  sister  of  Henry  III 
of  England,  1221 ;  received  profession  of  obeilience 
from  bishop-dect  of  Durham:  employed  diplomatically 
by  Henry  III :  chief  justiciar  during  Henry  Ill's  abaenoe, 
1242-3;  entertained  Alexander  III  of  Scotland  on  his 
marriage  at  York  with  Margaret,  daughter  of  Henry  III, 
1252 ;  ranked  among  the  patriotic  prelates  in  later  years : 
built  south  transept  of  York  minster;  benefactor  of 
Ripon  and  Oxfonl  University.  [xxiiL  208] 

ORET.  WILLIAM  (d.  1478),  bishop  of  Ely ;  D.D. 
Balliol  College,  Oxford;  prebendary  of  St  Patd's,  Lin- 
coln, Lichfiekl,  and  York :  chancellor  of  Oxfonl,  1440-2 ; 
livoi  much  in  Italy,  and  was  patron  of  scholars  ;  proctor 
of  Henry  VI  at  Rome,  1449-54 :  bishop  of  Ely,  1454-78  ; 
acted  as  mediator,  1456  and  1460 :  lord  high  treasurer, 
1469-70 :  head  of  commission  to  n^otiate  witli  Scotland, 
1471-2 :  benefactor  of  Ely  Cathedral  and  Balliol  College 
library.  [xxiii.  212] 

ORET,  Sir  WILLIAM,  thirteenth  Baron  Gkey  db 
Wilton  (</.  1562):  succeeded,  1529:  distinguished  in  French 
war,  1545-0,  and  as  commander  at  Pinkie,  1547  ;  captured 
and  fortified  Haddington,  1548;  pacified  west  of 
England,  1549 :  imprisoned  on  fall  of  Somerset,  1551 ; 
governor  of  Guisnes :  attainted  for  supporting  Northum- 
berland, but  pardonetl,  1553 :  obliged  to  surrender  Guisnes 
to  the  Frencli,  1558;  restored  to  his  honours  by  Queen 
Elizabeth :  governor  of  Berwick,  1559 ;  failed  in  asMult  on 
Leith,  1560.  [xxiiL  213] 

ORET,  WILLIAM  (Jl.  1649),  author  of  'Choro- 
graphia,  or  a  Svrvey  of  Newcastle  upon  Tine,*  1649. 

[xxlU.  215] 

ORET,  WILLIAM,  first  Baron  Grby  of  Werkk 
((f.  1674).  parliamentarian  ;  created  baronet,  1619  ;  created 
Baron  Grey,  1624  ;  commander  of  parliamentarian  forces 
in  the  east,  1642 ;  imprisoned  for  refusing  to  go  o^  com- 
missioner to  Scotland,  1643 ;  speaker  of  House  of  Lords, 
1643;  a  commissioner  of  great  seal,  1648;  refused  the 
engagement,  1649 ;  pardoned  at  Re!<toration. 

[xxiii.  215] 

ORET,  WILLIAM  dr,  first  Baron  Walhinoham 
(1719-1781X  judge:  educated  at  Christ's  College,  Cam- 
bridge ;  barrister.  Middle  Temple,  1742 :  K.O..  175H  ;  M.P., 
Newport  (Cornwall),  1761-70,  Osmbridge  University, 
1770-1 :  attorney-general,  1766-71 ;  chief-justice  of  com- 
mon pleas,  1771-80;  created  Baron  Walsiugham,  1780. 

[xxiii.  216] 

ORET,  Sir  WILLIAM  (1818-1878),  Indian  and 
colonial  governor ;  educated  at  Haileybury ;  secretary  to 
Bank  of  Bengal,  1851-4,  to  the  government,  1854-7; 
director-general  of  the  post-office  during  the  mutiny; 
secretory  to  government  of  India,  1859:  member  of 
govemor-genenil's  council,  1862-7 ;  lieutenant-governor  of 
Bengal,  1867-71 ;  governor  of  Jamidca,  1874-7. 

[xxiii.  216] 

ORET.  ZACHARY  (1688-1766X  anUqoary ;  scholar 
of  Trinity  Hall,  Cambridge,  1707 ;  LL.D.,  1720 ;  rector  of 
Houghton  Conquest,  1726,  and  vicar  of  St  Giles  and  St 
Peter's,  Oambridge;  publisbod  'Hodibras  .  .  .  oorrected 


and  amended,  wiUi  large  annotaUons  aod  a  prefMe.'  ui 
cuts  by  Hogarth,  1744  (sopplemeut,  1752);  atoocoBtoo* 
versial  pamphlets  against  ^mentJng  writas,aiMl  atti^ 
on  Warburtou's  critical  and  oootroversial  nwthodi 

[xxUL  Sift] 

ORIBELnr. SIMON (1661 -1733X  lino-engraver;  cuie 
to  Enghind,  e.  1680 ;  engraved  seven  small  plaki  d 
RafTaelle's  cartoons.  1707  :  engraved  portraiu  and,  amoni 
other  picturea,  Rubens's  *  Apotheosis  of  James  V  1711). 

[xxiii.  Sll] 

ORIER80N,  Mrs.  CONSTANTIA  (1706  ?-17SI), 
classical  scholar :  intimate  with  Swift :  edited  Tyrone 
(1727)  and  Tacitus  (1730)  for  her  hosbaod,  Qcoi|i 
Orierson,  George  IPs  printer  in  Ireland ;  wrote  EngM 
verse.  [xxiii.  JJO] 

ORIERSON  or  ORI8S0K,  JOHN  (A  1564  U  Domi- 
nican ;  principal  of  King's  College,  Aberdeen,  ISOU :  after 
wanls  prior  of  St.  Andrews  and  provincial  in  Scotland, 

[xxiii.  m\ 

ORIERSON,  SIR  ROBERT  (16M  7-17S9X  UM  of 
Loff :  notorious  for  severity  towards  ooTenantera ;  iiMtal 
a  Nova  Scotia  baronet,  1685  ;  presided  at  trial  and  eiaea- 
tion  of  *  Wigtown  martyrs  * ;  fined  and  impriaooed  uttm 
the  Revolution ;  the '  Sir  Robert  Redgaontlei'  of  SootL 

[xxiiL  221] 

ORIEVE  or  ORSIVS,  QEOROE  (1748-1809),  psne- 
cntor  of  Madame  Da  Barry ;  emigrated  to  Anwrioi  fkan 
Alnwick,  e.  1780 ;  came  to  Paris,  1783 ;  on  Madam*  Da 
Barry's  return  from  London,  March  179S.  caused  hm 
name  to.be  placed  on  list  of  suspects,  published  a  pamphkl 
against  her,  and  thrice  obtained  her  arrest ;  died  at  BmsKii. 

[xxUi.2tS] 

ORIEVE,  JAMES  {d.  1773X  translator  of  *Odsi]i'; 
M.D.  Edinburgh,  1752 ;  physician  to  St.  Tbomasls  17H 
and  tiie  Charterhouse,  1765 :  V.R3^  1769  :  F.R.C.P.,  ITH: 
translated  CeUus  '  De  Medioina,'  1756.  [xxIiL  323] 

ORIEVE,  JOHN  (1781-1836X8oottiBh  poet  and  friorf 
of  Hogg ;  contributed  to  *  Forest  MinstreL*  [xxiiL  22S] 

ORIEVE,  THOMAS  (1799-1882^  soene-painter  it 
Govent  Garden  and  Drnry  Lane ;  designed  the  dionns, 
'Overland  Mail '  (1850X  and  assisted  Tdbin  and  Abnta 
in  panoramas  ;  illustrated  '  Goody  Two  Shoes,'  1861 

[xxUL  224] 

ORIEVE.  WILLIAM  (1800-1844),  sceneiiaiDts: 
brother  of  Thomas  Grieve  [q.  v.] ;  at  Drury  Lane  and  Bs 
Majesty's.  [xxiiL  2»] 

ORIFFIER.  JAN,  the  elder  (165^1718X  pahitff  sod 
etcher ;  intimate  with  Rembrandt  and  Roysdsel  at  A» 
sterdam ;  followed  Looten  to  England ;  made  a  dnwiai 
during  the  great  fire,  1666  ;  lived  on  a  yacht  on  theThsiBB^ 
and  took  views  of  London  ami  the  environs ;  etohei  plilBi 
of  Barlow's  birds  and  animals.  [xxiiL  tU] 

ORIFFIER,  JAN,  the  younger  (<f.  17M?X  landicspi- 
painter ;  son  of  Jan  OriiBer  the  elder  [q.  v.] 

[xxiii.  W] 

ORIFFIER,     ROBERT     (1688-1760  ?X     iMtdMsps- 
painter  ;  sou  of  Jan  GrifDer  the  elder  [q.  v.] 
^  [xxiiL  »1 

ORIFFIN,  B.  (/f.  1696),  poet  (probably  Bartholo«w 
Qriflin  of  Coventry),  author  of  *  Fioessa,  OMxre  diaste  An 
klnde,'  1696  (the  third  sonnet  of  which  was  reprodoaed  a 
*  The  Passionate  PUgrime,'  1599X  [nlii-  ^) 

ORIFFIN,  BENJAMIN  O680-1740X  actor  sod  dn- 
matist :  at  Lincoln's  Inn  Fields,  1715-21,  and  st  Dnny 
Lane,  1721-40 ;  pkiyed  Lovegoki  in  FiekUng^'  M>Nr,'8^ 
Hugh  Evans,  and  Sir  Paul  Pliant :  wrote  fuocs  la 
» Whig  and  Tory '  (comedy),  1720.  [xxiiL  »J 

ORIFFIN,  GERALD  (180S-1840X  dramatist,  DonB^ 
and  poet :  came  to  London  from  Ireland,  1828 ;  ^^^ 
by  Bauim :  returned  to  Limerick,  1838,  and  joinsd  tai 
Christian  Brothers ;  published  stories  iUoitntive  of  Moa- 
ster  life  and  'The  OoUegians,*  1829  ;  his  play,  'Oi#m 
produced  by  Macready  at  Drory  Lajoe,  1842.  Hii  BOfOi 
and  poems  were  edited  by  his  brother,  1842-3,  his  poetial 
and  dramatic  works,  1857-9.  [xxiiL  SM] 

ORIFFIN  (originallyWHiTWKLL),  JOHN.ninth  Bixff 
Howard  de  Waldkn  (1719-1797X  fleld-mantaal;  term 
in  Netherlands  and  Gennan;y  during  Austrian  snocwsioa 
and  seven  years'  wars ;  major-general,  1759  ;  K^  1761; 
general,  1778 :  field-marshal,  1796 ;  M.P.,  Andover,  174»- 
1784 ;  succeeded  to  barony  of  Howard  de  Walden,  1784*. 
oreuted  Baron  Bni>brooke,  1788.  [xxiii.  B7] 


r 

i 

■ 


GBIFFIN 


639 


GBIFFITHS 


,  JOHN  JOSEPH  (18U2>1877X  chemist ;  a 
185S;  asRigied  in  foimdatioD  of  Obemicai 
:    did    much    to  popalariac  chemistry  by 
cmtioos,*  1834,  and  other  works. 

[xxiit  227] 
.    THOMAS  (1706?-1771>,  organ-bailder : 
es«or  of  music,  1763.  [xziii.  928] 

,  THOMAS  id.  1771X  admiral:  Incnrred 
f  for  not  engaging  two  French  ships  off 
:  Yioe-admiral,  1748;  stupended  for  negli- 
>mmaDding  in  West  Indies,  175U ;  reinstated, 
1, 1771  ;  not  employed  again  ;  M.P^  Arundel, 

[xxiii.  228] 

H.     [See  also  Griffin,  Okifpithh,   and 

H,  ALEXANDER  (d,  1690X  divine;  M.A. 
xford,  1631 :  deprived  of  Welsh  livings  for 
J*  at  GlRsbnry,  1661 ;  wrote  against  parlia- 
Tant  preachers,  1664.  [xxiU.  280] 

H,  EDMUND  a570~1637X  bishop  of  iBangor ; 
oe  College,  Oxford,  1692 ;  canon  of  Bang<v, 
13,  and  bishop,  1634-7 ;  D.D.    [xxiU.  230] 

H,  EDWARD  (179a-1868X  naturalist ;  edu- 
Gaol's  Sc1k)o1  ;  master  in  court  of  common 
. :  original  member  of  Zoological  Society : 
stkm  of  Cnvier's  •  Animal  Kingdom,'  1827- 
led  ooUectiou  of  Hontingdon  records,  1827. 

[xxiii.  280] 
"H,  Mm.  BUZABETH  (1720  ?-1793>,  play- 
Dorelist:  married,  e.  1762,  Richard  GiifBth 
|.  T.]:  published  *  Genuine  Letters  between 
franoee,'  1767,  and  novels,  translations,  and 

[xxiii.  281] 

"S,  GEORGE  (1601-1666),  bishop  of  St. 
Westminster  and  Christ  Church,  Oxford ; 
3.D.,  1636 :  chaplain  to  Bishop  John  Owen  ; 
anjmynech,  1633;  disputed  with  Vavasor 
r.],  1662-3:  bishop  of  St.  Asaph,  1660-6; 
w  up  form  of  baptisms  for  adults. 

[xxiii.  231] 
n  or  ORITFnf,  JOHN  (A   1663).  pne- 
an,   of    Halesowen:    published   'Condones 
id  *  Condones  Hyemales.'  [xxiii.  233] 

H,  JOHN  (1622?-1700X  general  baptist 
>aiining'8  All^,  Bishopsgate  Street  Without ; 
iprisoned.  [xxiii.  233] 

"H,  JOHN  (1714-1798),  independent  minister ; 
Brand  Plucked  out  of  the  Fire,'  1769. 

[xxiii.  233] 
S,  MATTHEW  (1699  ?-1666>.  master  of  the 
i.  Gloucester  Hall,  Oxford,  1618 ;  rector  of 
t<lalen,01d  Fish  Street,  and  (1640)  St.  Benet 
rquestered,  1642;  DJ).  Oxford,  1643;  royal 
3  ;  helped  to  defend  Basing  House,  1645  ;  his 
on  (1660)  answered  by  Milton,  1660  ;  master 
L-  and  rector  of  Bladou,  Oxfordishire,  c.  1661-6. 

[xxiii.  234] 
:R,  OBI77YTH,  or  GSI77TH,  MAURICE 
bap  of  Rochester  ;  BJ).  Oxford,  1682 ;  arch- 
K-bester,  1637  ;  bUhop,  1664- &    [xxiii.  234] 

rH,  MOSES  (1724-1786),  pbysidan ;  of 
and  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge;  M.D. 
1 ;  said  to  have  invented  Fharmacopcaia  iron 

[xxiii.  236] 

rH,  MOSES  (A  1769-1809),  drauGrhtsman 
r ;  employed  by  Thomas  Pennant  [(}.  v.]  and 
W  [q.  v.]  [xxiii.  236] 

ra,  PIERS  id.  1628X  naval  adventurer  ;  ac- 
traditiou  commanded  a  ship  against  the 
.  was  disgraced  for  attacks  on  Spanish  after 
■ibly  identical  with  *  Weli^h  pirate'  Ukeu  at 

[xxiii.  236] 

rH,  RICHARD  (1636  7-1691),  pbysidan; 
livenrity  College,  Oxford,  1664 ;  M.A.,  1660 ; 
664  :  F.R.C.P.,  1687,  and  twice  censor ;  pub- 
Mode  Phlebotomy  no  good  fashion,'  1681. 

[xxiii.  236] 
TH,  RICHARD  id.  1719),  navy  captain  :  for 
with  the  aid  of  a  boy  a  merchantman  taken 
•ii,  1691,  given  command  of  the  Mary  galley, 
£  admiral  at  La  Hogue,  1692 ;  suspended  for 


not  maintaining  disdpline,  but  after  1702  reappointed 
commander.  [xxiiL  236] 

GRIFFITH,  RICHARD  id.  1788),  author ;  collabo- 
rated with  his  wife,  Elisabeth  Griffith  [q.  v.];  published 

*  The  Triumvirate  ...  by  Biograph  Triglyph '  (novel), 
1764.  and  *  Variety '  (oomedy),  acted  1782.     [xxiii.  237] 

GRIFFITH,  RICHARD  (1762-1820X  "on  of  Richaid 
Griffith  id,  1788)  [q.  v.] ;  deputy-governor,  ca  Kildare ; 
sat  for  Askeaton  in  Irish  parliament,  1783-90. 

[xxiii.  238] 

GRIFFITH,  Sir  RICHARD  JOHN,  first  baronet 
(1784-1878),  geologist  and  dvll  engineer:  son  of  Richard 
Griffith  (1762-1820)  [q.  v.]  ;  surveyed  coalfieMsof  Ldnster, 
1808 :  reported  on  Irish  bogs ;  profefwor  of  geology  and 
mining  engineer  to  Royal  Dublin  Sodety,  1812 :  inspector 
of  Irish  mines ;  Wollaston  medallist  for  geological  map, 
1816;  superintended  road  construction  in  the  south, 
1H22-30:  commissioner  of  valuation,  1828-68;  chairman 
of  Irish  board  of  works,  1860-64;  hon.  LLJ).  Dublin, 
1861 :  created  baronet,  1868.  [xxiiL  238] 

GRIFFITH,  WALTER  id.  1779X  captain  in  the 
navy  ;  gave  Hawke  important  Intelligence  of  French 
fleet  off  Brest,  November  1759  ;  took  part  in  defence  of 
Sandy  Hook,  1778  ;  present  at  actions  off  St.  Luda  and 
Grenada,  1778-9 ;  UUed  in  Fort  Royal  Bay.  [xxUi.  239] 

GRIFFITH,  WILUAM  (1810-1846),  boUnist :  studied 
at  London  University  under  Lindlqr ;  entered  East  India 
Company's  medical  service,  1882  ;  accompanied  a  botani- 
cal expediticm  to  Assam  and  Burmah  (1836-6X  Bhotan, 
Kborassan,  and  Afghanistan ;  died  at  Malacca  ;  works 
published  posthumously  by  Dr.  Mac(nellaod. 

[xxUi.  240] 

GRIFFITH,  WILLIAM  PETTIT  (1816-1884),  archi- 
tect and  arclueologist ;  F.R.I3.A.,  1842  :  superintended 
reparations  at  St.  John's  and  St.  James's  ohurches,  and 
St.  John's  Gate,  ClerkenweU,  1846-61.    His  works  include 

*  Andent  Gothic  Churches,'  1847-62,  *  Suggestions  tin 
a  more  Perfect  and  Beautiful  Period  of  Gothic  Architec- 
ture,' 1866,  and  papers  on  ornamental  architeotare. 

[xxiii.  241] 
GRIFFITHS,  ANN  (1780-1806),  Welsh  hymn-writer. 

[xxiii.  242] 
0RIFFITH8,  DAVID  (1792-1868X  missionary  in 
Madagascar,  1821-36  ;  published  New  Testament  in  lan- 
guage of  Madagascar ;  expelled,  1836 ;  allowed  to  return 
as  merchant,  1838 ;  finally  expelled,  1842 ;  published  *  His- 
tory of  Madagascar  *  in  Welsh,  and  Malagasy  grammar 
and  text-books.  [xxiii.  242] 

GRIFFITHS,  EVAN  (1796-1878),  Welsh  independent 
minister.  His  works  include  a  Welsh-English  dictionary, 
1847,  and  Welsh  versions  of  Matthew  Henry's  *  Commen- 
tary.* [xxiii.  243] 

GRIFFITHS,  FREDERICK  AUGUSTUS  id.  1869), 
major,  R.A. ;  published  *  Artillerist's  Manual,'  1840. 

[xxiii.  244] 

GRIFFITHS.  GEORGE  EDWARD  (d.  1829).  editor 
of  the  *  Monthly  Review*  till  1826,  and  verse-writer; 
son  of  Ralph  Griffiths  [q.  v.]  [xxiii.  246] 

GRIFFITHS,  JOHN  (1781-1811),  oongregationalist ; 
pastor  of  Glaudwr,  Pembrokeshire,  and  founder  of  ex- 
pository classes ;  translated  English  hymns  into  Welsh ; 
published  works,  inducting  Welsh  versions  of  the  *  Shorter 
Catechism.'  [xxUi.  244] 

GRIFFITHS,  JOHN  n806-1886X  keeper  of  the 
archives  at  Oxford  ;  educated  at  Winchester  and  Wadham 
College, Oxford;  B.A.,  1837  ;  fellow,  1830  :  sub- warden  of 
Wad  bam  College,  1887-64 :  one  of  the*  four  tutors  '  who 
protested  against  *  Tract  XC/  1841 ;  keeper  of  the  archives 
at  Oxford,  1867  ;  warden  of  Wadham  College,  1871-81 ; 
edited  Inett'A  '  Origines  Anglicnuie,'  1855,  the  *  Homilies,* 
1869,  two  plays  of  .£schvlu8,  and  the  Laudiau  *  Statutes,* 
1888 :  publiebed  also  work  on  Greek  accents,  1831. 

[xxiii.  244] 

GRIFFITHS,  alias  Alfohd.  MICHAEL  (1687-1662). 
[See  Alvgrd.] 

GRIFFITHS,  RALPH  (1720-1803),  founder,  proprie- 
tor and  publisher  of  the*  Monthly  Review':  previously 
partner  with  Thomas  (Tom)  Da  vies  (1712?-1786)  [q.  v.]  in 
an  evening  paper ;  started  the  *  Monthly  Review,'  1749  ; 
ai'iiitited  by  Goldsmith,  1767-8,  and  his  first  wife  ;  LLJ). 
Phiiaddphia.  [xxilL  246] 


BOBBRT     (liOS-1881),    Initntor ; 


r-ajxtslijliD  of  LoQ- 


[.. 


.M7] 


pralBW  ;  ptisiaentorBt.  Bdmu 
tiiibop  of  OlBiH  Ik  panaui,  IS 

ouamoir  m  axianax,  charlbs,  the  jnnDgir 

<lT»l-18«),J■lDlBr;pBlrilo(Clpri»oi;e1^^"■'■~■-■  " — ' 
Ani.Um)',  1770-Sl;  «t«rw»nl<  at  Romr 
porlrait-piiiDttr ;  psintol  porti^t   '  "-■- 

OKIamciII  or  ORIBROB,    OHAHLKS.   the 

g717-lBlUX  III*  onpiivH ;  nncle  of  Oliarla  Origm 
rtpiQnlliDyoud«r[ri.  ..];  iiodlrf  — ■'- " - 

JjB  Did  ;  employod  by  Hagarth  no  b 
Ystn '  nitl  'Onrrliik  u  Riclunl  tit '  -. 
Walpirirt  'iDeolDU!«oIP«iiitiiig,'iu>: 

OBIORIOM,  r 


U.S17] 


□Kauui.  ewMAua.  «  qsoidali).  nioho- 

lAB  (leifl-lUi^  wxi :  B.A.  CbrM't  Cullese,  Csmbrldi 
IMU:  MA-OifDrd,  tii4;  c^hspliiliitaBlihapIildle/:  t 

TVFUHUTotlel'B'StenK'  and  »hwU«9'(1UT); 
tnuj^latlODB  from  VIrgll  mid  CIceKhuiclcvra  tkluiuiBoiu, 
■  Arrbl-iinipbRa'IprlaMllMKL  snd '  CbriBtiu  IIsUtIviu,' 
1M3.  [>L.lil.S49] 

ORIKAUII,  JOSEPH  (1779-1887),  Bctor  Biid  HUiCo- 
Dlmlit :  ftppared  u  bd  Intunt  dnnnr  at  Sudlin-'a  Welle ; 
■ut»l  lber»  ami  ml  Drory  Lauc  for  aianf  jfrniTB  ;plByed 

u  Squire  Bugia  Dul  clawn  In  ■  Ua'ibcr  Unw  ■  nt  Oorent 


obhuuu.    staoby     (I7»i^]a3e).    uitnituiT ; 

Miniubi  Qrlinnldl  of  Oeuoa  :  iccauil  son  of  Wllllaoi  Orl- 
nuldl  [q.  T.l;  minail  'Koord  lawyer'  in  London; 
T£.i..  18M  ;tequcnt  contribulm  to  -OentleniMi's  Um™- 
■iH':  pnbllahcd  '(MgiueaOenealogliw.'  1B9I1.  Rmi '  Ocnen- 
lon  of  thu  PniaUy  of  Qrlmildl,'  IBM  :  his  ■  lllKKllnn«iu8 
yiritiagt:  edited.  lB74-gl.  [ixUi.  161] 

OKDULSI,  WILLIAU  [  1 TB 1-1  SiaXailnlBtaivpalntR : 
mpprenllcDd  to  bli  unole  Tbonai  Worlidge  [q.  v.l.  wbiM 
■  Antlqoe  Oemi '  be  publlBbBl,  I7IIH  ;  mpled  la  Dilniatare 
pIctoTT*  b;  R£7iu>litt;  ejcblblted  at  the  Royal  Aaid«ay. 
17I)G-ISS1 ;  muoel  palDiei  to  Qcncge  IV  md  tbe  Date  of 


[la 


.ISIl 


or  DKTKBOLD,  SilST 
e  of  AUrai^i  miw  prioau 


Eihlbllcd  at  Bnl  cihibltioa  of  Roya 
Academy.  [xiltLHI) 

OKIMSB&W,  WtLLlAU  (irm-lta),  incumbent  o 
Bavortli,  Votkiibire,  nia-U:  of  Clbrlifi  CJotlegc, Oam 
■brUflB:  acWI  »ltb  tbn  metbodliBi  ao>l  John  Wesley 
pmuhed  tiuoiwhoiU  U»  oorcb  of  Boelaial  wltb  ftna 
neeoi.  itim.  IM] 


OBJXnFIELD 


ork.  •  Life  apd  Worku  of  William  Cknrper,'  IMI. 

OBIKBTOIr,  BDWAKD  (IM»  T-ttW).  compUifo  gl 
aliK  16H-8;   BtndiM  at  Oonrilte  Hall.  Omili^; 


BLUAGETE  \i. 


■« :  M.P^  Hanrtch.  Mt: 
ilclianer.  IMU,  ami  in  Lode  partlanieat:  jf¥ 
debutra  of  leta-l.  pArUcol^ir  on  errlnatM 


KHi  of  Sir  Harbottle  (JrinuEou  Iq.  t.]  :  U.P,'  SL  All 

1008,  ie7>,lS80,  aid  lSg«-l»:  mocb  disliked  by  Juw  a 

[iiili.M)j 

ORIKBTOir,   WILLIAM  LUCETN,  flnt  TDEoim 

Okimhtun  (ieSS-17te).  ioocudid  to  tie  OriEMcn  obM 

and  aoanuil  tbe  mme,  on  dAtb  of  oncla,  Nr  Suid 

Cr1mHlo(ilq.v.J,rjfi:fo-^-- ■  •-  - —  -•^ 

6ilhrr.  air  WllUam  L'-'- 

Pope.  ■    '  [iiiiLdo) 

ORnrSAL.  SDMUKD  (UISI-ISSS),  arrLUtW  * 
OaDbHbarj;  fclloir  ol  P«nbrolnHikU.Ckmbr>(l|t.lUtl 
M.A..  IMl;  D,D„  liM:  proctor,  1»48>«:  eloa  W 
Ridley  OB  a  niotetcaot  dlapotut  al  OaolHldti:  aid 
RMlvy'ii  obaplabu;  piwrntm  ol  SL  hnlX  IHl;  otri 
the  royal  oliaplaUu;  at  Btrail>DtBaaiIIIi(}eTBMirdBb« 
Uarjr'ii  rclgn :  canmlndoDer  for  mrlriim  of  On  Stan 
and  bUihop  of  iJiudoB,  IMS:  maMer  ol  PmbnttM 
lb68-fll ;  member  of  tbe  higb  oommliikia  eourt:  vte 
biihop  of  London  Bympathliail  witb  pmttaiM ;  H  mlk- 
birbop  of  York  (ISTU-t)  oiforead  niiifvndtr  ■"  '*' 
Horaiab  party  :  elected  arebblriHip  of  CknleiMiT  It 
0[^ri>lullDencc.]>7t:  aadatixili tn raftmn tl»  mlal" 

(iin-ajiB 


'  propbesyluge ' ; 


Tedtannnt.  'Apojo^  fa 


.offlaed    In     SooiEr'e    ^ ' 


.-.   tUSi.  tmor  10  »» 
a  OoUege.  Ouabrap,  IW; 


d  HFlleninlc  editin  of 


THOMABflTes-lSIuYdlTlDei 
„,  gj. — .  «„...,_  ^^.,..j 
__.l*ge,  ( 

,  If.  Port.  Bri'^ol;   publixhed  r»liF_.    . 

'  HlFbirjr  of  rreactiuiit '  (edited  by  Cbuon  Bikn.  liiaik  >al 


GRISAUNT 


641 


GBOSVENOB 


WILLIAM,  or  William  Snousr 
*ian ;  in  yoath  taught  phUoBophy  at 
a  at  HaraeUlea ;  long  reputed  the  father 

[xxiiL  966] 

USBFFB(169S-1769X  portrait-painter; 
hrought  to  England  by  John  Talman, 
oe.  [xxiiL  166] 

LLLIAM  (li46?-1619X  Greek  scholar; 
bester  and  Kew  College,  Oxford ;  fellow, 

of  Newton  Lougueville,  1481 ;  divinity 
01  OoUege,  Oxfonl,  1481 :  prebendary  of 

lUly,  1488-90,  with  Linaere,  studying 
1  Chaloondyles  ;  became  acquainted  with 
: :  lectured  in  Greek  at  Oxford  ;  became 
fence  Jewry,  1496,  but  did  not  reside  In 
e  years  later;  criticised  Dean  Octet's 
ecclesiastical  Hierarchy  of  Dionysius  * ; 
OD  with  Linaere,  More,  and  Bxasmus  ; 
allows,  Maidstone,  1606,  and  rector  of 

Beckham;    catalogue  of  his    library 

[xxilL  S66] 

IT.  JOHN  (1647?-1710?X  physician; 
:  M.D.  Utrecht.  1670 ;  came  to  London, 
mooed  before  College  of  Physicians  for 
utharldes ;  pnblished  medical  treatises. 

[xxiiL  369] 
5RNBLIUS(1738?-1798),  United  Irish- 
r  of  Wexford  and  M J».  for  EuniscortUy, 
sary-general  in  insurgent  army,  1798; 
ford  Bridge.  [xxiiL  S69] 

ITHANIEL  (4.1807?),  painter  of  Irish 
merican  war.  [xxilL  269] 

LESS  HOWELL  (1794-1866X  writer  of 
itimate  with  8hellcy  at  Eton ;  serred  in 
in  the  Peninsnhh  1818-14 ;  at  Quatre 
to;  witnessed  coup  ttStat  of  1861;  died 
*  Reminiscences '  appeared,  1861,  1868, 
led,  1888).  [xxlU.  270] 

MB,  STEPHEN  (175S-1882X  astro- 
it  India  merchant;  published  (1888) 
rcampcdar  Stars  .  .  .  reduced  to  Jan.  1, 
r  4,243  star-plaoos,  among  them  Na 
ed  by  himself ;  F.RJB.,  1812 :  a  founder  of 
Society ;  observed  eclipses  of  the  stm  in 

[xxiiL  270] 

»OE,  WILLIAM  (/.  1770-1790),  water- 
abllshed  'Sonnets,'  1789.    [xxliL  271] 

tHN  (1678  7-1760X  divine  ;  B.A.  Magda- 
mbridge,  1699,  where  he  founded  ex- 
of  ChUdenlitcb,  Eflnex,  1709;  published 
1  Honour  of  the  Clergy,'  1710. 

[xxlU.  271] 
lOBERT  HINDBS  (1810-1889),  arch- 
: :  M.A.  Calos  College,  Cambridge,  1836 ; 
uffolk,  1869-87;  intimate  with  Edward 
ed  *  Christian  Advocate  and  Review,' 
ilk  stories  published  posthumously. 

[xxllL  272] 
A.LEXANDER  BALLOCH  (1827-1899), 
or :  studied  at  Edinburgh  University  ; 
itrargh  presbytery,  1856;  minister  at 
?Tcn,  1866-66,  Princes  Park,  Liverpool, 
kbum,  1868-92  ;  edited  reprints  of  rare 
Jacobean  literature,  besides  the  works  of 
Iviues.  His  publications  include  *  Fuller 
y,'  39  voh*.,  1868-76,  'Occasional  Issucd 
very  Rare  Books,'  38  vols.,  1875-81  ; 
lies  Library,'  14  vols.,  1876-81.  'Huth 
,  1886,  Spenser's  •  Works,'  10  vols.,  1880- 
Vorki*,'  6  vols.,  finished  1896.  He  also 
original  devotional  works. 

[Hupnl.  li.  364] 
:ANCIS  (1731  ?-1791),  antiquary  and 
ichmoDd  herald,  1755-63 ;  F^.A.,  1757 ; 
ng  tour  in  Scotland :  in  early  life  ex- 
swings  of  architecture  at  the  Academy  ; 
at  Dublin:  published  'Antiquities  of 
ales,*  1773-87,  with  many  drawings  by 
lities  of  Scotland,*  1789-91,  'CUssical 
he  Vulgar  Tongue'  (1785,  reissued  as 
nicum,'  1811  k  and  other  works. 

[xxilL272] 


OB08B,  JOHN  (1768-182IX  divine;  aon  of  John 
Henry  Grote  [q.  v.] ;  M.A.  St  Mary  Hall.  Oxford ; 
minister  of  the  Tower  of  London ;  rector  of  NetteswdL 
Essex;  published  *  Ethics,  Bational  and  Tbeotogidd? 
1782.  [xxUi.  271] 

OB08E,  JOHN  HENRY  (/T.  17i0-178SX  writer  to 
Bast  India  Company ;  brother  of  Francis  Grose  [q.  v.]  ; 
his  *  Voyage  to  the  East  Indies,'  1757,  said  to  have  been 
oompiled  from  his  notes  by  John  deland.      [xxiiL  274] 

OB08B,  Sir  NASH  (1740-1814).  judge ;  feUow  of 
Trinity  Hall,  Cambridge :  LLB.,  1768  ;  barrister,  Lin- 
coln's Inn,  1766  ;  serieant-at-law,  1774 ;  judge  of  king's 
bench,  1787-1818 ;  knighted,  1787.  [zxIlL  274] 

OB08BE,  ALEXANDER  (1596  r-16i4X  piesbyterian 
divine ;  M.A.  Gonvine  and  Caius  College,  Cambridge ; 
M.A.  Exeter  College,  Oxford ;  B.D.  Oxfwd,  1639 ;  rector 
of  Bridford,  and  Ashbnrton,  Devoushixe ;  pnblished  de- 
votional works.  [xzilL  274] 

OB088BTB8TB,  ROBERT  id.  1253),  bishop  of  Lin- 
coln ;  of  humble  birth  ;  educated  at  Oxford  and  (probably) 
Paris  ;  flrst  rector  of  Franoisoans  at  Oxford,  1224 ; 
chancellor  of  Oxford ;  archdeacon  snocesslvdly  of  Wilts, 
Northampton,  and  Leioester ;  prebendary  of  Lincoln, 
1221 ;  bishop,  1235-53  ;  mahitAlned  his  right  of  visitation 
against  the  Linccdn  chapter  after  a  six  years'  dispute 
(1289-45)  and  n  journey  to  Rome ;  had  disputes  also  with 
tlie  Cantertmry  monks  and  Henry  III ;  resisted  Arch- 
bishop Boniface's  visitation,  1250 ;  failed  In  an  appeal  to 
the  pope  against  the  appropriation  by  monks  of  parochial 
revenues ;  preached  at  Lyons  against  papal  abuses ; 
suspended  by  the  pope  for  refusing  to  appoint  an  Italian 
to  a  beuefioe,  1251 ;  chief  opponent  of  Henry  IITs  demand 
for  a  tenth  of  church  revenues,  1252 ;  wrote  letter  refus- 
ing to  Induct  pope's  nephew  to  a  Lincoln  canonry,  1258 ; 
translated  Greek  books ;  wrote  works  on  theology,  philo- 
sophy, and  husbandry,  and  oommentarkB  on  Aristotle 
and  Boethius,  besides  French  poema.  Groeseteste's 
*  Le  Chastean  d' Amour,*  was  edited  by  R.  F.  Weymouth, 
1664,  ^Carmina  Anglo-Normannioa,'  printed,  1844. 

[xxiiL  275] 

OX08VBH0£,  ORAVBHOR,  or  dRAVSHBE,  BEN'- 
JAMIN  (1676-1758),  dissenting  divine;  presbyterian 
pastor  at  Crosby  Square,  1704-49 ;  *  merchants^  lecturer '  at 
Saltcrs*  Hall,  1716 ;  contributed  to  *  Bagweell  Papers,* 
1716 :  said  to  have  drawn  no  *  Autheiitick  Account*  (1719) 
of  the  Salters'  Hall  prooeedings ;  Williams  trustee,  1723; 
his  sermons  ooUected,  1809.  [xxilL  278] 

OB08VBH0R,  HUGH  LUPUS,  first  Duke  ov 
W8KTMIN8TKR  (1825-1899X  son  of  Richard  Grosvenor, 
second  marquis  of  Westminster  [q.  v.];  educated  at 
Balllol  College,  Oxford  ;  liberal  M  J>.  for  Chester,  1847-69 ; 
opposed  government  on  franchise  question,  1866  :  suc- 
ceeded as  third  Marquis  of  Westminster,  1870 ;  cn-utod 
Duke  of  Westminster,  1874 :  master  of  horse,  1880-5  ; 
opposed  home  rule,  1^6  ;  K.G.,  1870 ;  privy  councillor, 
1880  :  aide-de-camp  to  queen,  1881 ;  lonMleutenant  of 
Clieshlre,  1883,  and  of  county  of  London,  1888 ;  breeder  of 
race-horses.  [SuppU  U.  366] 

GB08VE1I0B,  JOHN  (1742-1823X  surgeon:  suo- 
oeisful  In  friction  treatment ;  proprietor  and  editor  of 
'  Oxford  Journal,'  1795.  [xxilL  280] 

OB08VBH0B,  RICHARD,  flrst  Earl  Grosvknor 
(1731-1802),  horse-breeder ;  grandson  of  Sir  Thomas 
Grosvenor  [q.  v.];  M.A.  Oriel  College.  Oxford,  1751; 
D.C.L.,  1754 :  succeeded  as  seventh  baronet,  1755 ;  mayor 
of  Chester,  1759  ;  M.P.,  Chester,  1754-61  :  created  baron, 
1761,  eari,  1784;  patron  of  WlUiam  GllTord  (1756-1826) 
[q.  v.]  [xxiii.  280] 

6E08VEK0R,  RICHARD,  second  Marquis  op 
WK8TMIN8TKU  (1795-1869),  M.P.  (Viscount  Bclgrave)  for 
Chester,  1818-24».  and  1826.^0,  C^be^hlrc,  1831-2,  South 
Cheshire,  1832-5:  succeeded  to  marqnisate,  1845;  lonl- 
lleuteuant,  Cbesbire,  1845-67 ;  lord  Hteward  under  Russell, 
1850-2.  [xxllL  281] 

OR08VEN0S.  Sir  ROBERT  (cr.  1396),  defendant  In 
Scrope  9.  Grodvenor  ;  saw  military  service  at  Poltien, 
1856,  Najara,  1367,  La  Roche-sur-Yon,  1369,  and  siege  of 
Umoges,  1370;  challenged  by  Sir  Richard  Scrope  for 
wearing  the  arms,  '  azure,  a  bend  or.'  1385 :  judgment 
given  against  him  by  the  constable,  1389,  and  confirmed 
by  the  king,  1390 ;  sheriff  of  Ohohire.  1894.  [zxiU.  S81] 


OROSVENOR 


OKOBTXHOS,  ROBERT,  inniul  Eari.  QiiOEmu 
Hid  ard  liiHijuiH  '»  WtsTHi.Nimat  (lIM-iauX  h 
of  Kicbart.  anl  airl  OrMTajor  fg.  ».]  ;  M.A.  Trinlt 
Uolli^ie.  Oambnijgc,  1786  ;  U.P.  (Tisosont  Bclgrarc)  ft 
BLLooc.  I7BS-W.  OllcsUr.    VIHI-lWf;   ■  lord  D(  tbo  ic 

BuuqnU,  isit;  E.G..  Wtl:    lOlnal  vbl'gt   itta  Fill 

VUcabliclWJ:  gnat  picture  collccKicuidrum;  Hcqiilre 

bj-  imrrlige  Bgcrum  atMto,  1704.  [iilll.  1H91 

aBMVEROR,  U-KU  KOBKRT.  Ent  Baios  Knutl 

f1,»ul-18Mli  no  ol  lldbFTt  OtMTOiDr.  6m  msrqnij  or 


un,   \93l:  whiH  M.F. 


B.A.,  ISSl;  enlerol  tiuQ. 


for  Obwttr  ;  slmrlff  of  Ihi; , 

with  Mmry  Duvico,  dBnghter  of 


[Suppl.  U.  SOB] 
ift  THOUAS,  tbinl  bnroDM  (lete- 
indfiUier,  ISM  :  nuur  y»n  M.P. 


.t" 


GEOSVXXOK.  TH0UA3  (llSt-lUl),  add-ounhtl : 
ncpbcwof  BIchBrdGrotvoior,  flntetTianneiiar  [q.  >.]: 
witb  lit  foot  gmiii  Is  FUodcn,  Hidland,  uil  (ITH),  tbc 
HcUcccipediClan  :  HmunMniM  brtgnln  in  CopcnliAgcn 
{ ia07)  tod  Waichmm  (1901)  ei[nltUau :  gem»l,  IBIS ; 
fleM-nuniiol,  IMS:  1I.P„  CbeUcr,  mt-lSlt. Slaclibrtdgth 


[»' 


OSOTE.   AKTtlUR    (ISU-IBH),    Bcngi 


v.] 


.;m] 


It  tftarlirhoni 


OKOTE.  QBORaK<IT»l- 
AnharOnrt«[r|.  T.1:ediicat« 

Ulli  ud'baiUiuD  ;  cemptled  for  BenlboDi  ■  Aonlrsls  ol 

•  1..  T-.... _-  *T_^.._^|  n^^ji^  nQ  TooipoTHl  Htppi- 

LohmDp.'  18S1 ;  jolBHl  J,  S.  uifl's 


r;  laie  ;  u  orlgliul  fo 


dOD  UnlnMtj,  ISM-lu;  ^tsd  hrii,  ISao,:  . 
rdatloni  wltbFnniih  llbenli:  took  uUn  put  In  Ret 
kettaUos:  M.P.  for  sil;  at  Loodoii.  lBn-41;  bioi; 
torwiiiTlCoartEaolDUaiuflSU,  IBU,  1U8.  tnDlud 
tillt>  {iSSS,  lUT)  In  bnxir  oC  the  ballot :  nllnd  lo  de'.  _ . . 
tdiEUdf  to  talB  blilorr,  co&plellne  ihb  Drat  two  voluioeA. 
i...._.,_^. ..  n(  UnlTenlty  OoUo!!!.  ' 


H&BHIBT  (I7gi-187§),  bioip'npber :  n/ 
i-e.iu.  murncd  Otorgr  Grole  [ij.  v.].  1«(0  ;  tnUmsl 
witli  Mcmlclr.titin  and  JenujrUDd;  pub11^UHll  '  Uooni 
of  Ary  ^buRcr.'  IMU.  nnd  ■Flenoual    Life  of   Otoig 

Badlcalf  of  1B9I.'  [iiiii.  loS] 

OBOTI,  JUHN  0SI3-iaM).pUtIoKipba:  biotlieT  a 
Ooorge  Grote  [q.  v.) ;  MJow  of  Trtullj  Oolltge,  Omn 
bridge,  tKt7-4& ;  B.A^  IBU ;  incumbcai  of  TtutnningMn 
HMT-UB;  Knlghu4irl(^  ptofnaor  of  moral  pbltoonib; 
llas-se:  publiibed  'ExpToraUD  PbiloiDpfaW  IBeit;  bti 


it  Uorant  Point,  Jim 
ADda,  lS4fi ;  fKTFUrf  i 
It  Orfstnl  lUux.  *h 


Ua^aalut;  1II7J 1  OB 

lo  Smitb'a  '  DlcUoouy  <»  tbg  BlUe ' ;  fonndn  ol  i 
KiplonUm  Paul,  ISH;pro}Kiid»d«diiHl>Dl 
or  9i(ib>lB  sud  MnalcluiN'  *  vdK  ISTS-n;  Bnt 


knigbtnl,  UBI;   OJl.,  ISM:  bDuoraiy  D.C.L.  Dmhia 

■sd    LL.D.  Glugow;   publlibnl  uritiiigs   cm  i  piM 

urietj  of  lubjwu,  [SnppL  IL  M] 

BROTE,  HENRY  (]«84-lTS8),dl>>9enUnglol(v:«b- 


fl»d  untiAH,  LiwiodlDE  if 


>l  l^iilaoiipb): '  (at  Amoti.  ItW) 


iidude  ■  UfB  »iid  Tim™  of  Oinii ,, ., 

Una  of  all  Ou  [OaTcndlili]  Baibi  mid  DitJin  of  Dna- 
lilre,'17M.  [ijdJDi;] 

QSOVX,  MATHEW  (Jl.  1U7).  poM:  auUm  of  'Tb 
aott  fatnmi  and  tnglcdl  bMorio  of  Fdopi  and  BIpw 
4miii-  (balljid),  161(7.  tmiL  W) 

OROVS.  ltUBKI<T(ie3<-lSM),bubopotClilttata: 
<f  Wlnrbolcr  auit  HL  Jolut'i  CuUfge,  Oambridge;  Uln, 
e»< ;  M^.,  IBOU  ;  CD.,  IBBl ;  clinnliln  td  Rialuin  Tb«a. 
nan,  1*87:  rrrlor  of  St.  Andni 


p  peUtiTm  aghlaa 


r;  clmpUiaia  onliqa 


Lincoln's  Iim.  1SU  :  i 


Buddnebamililn.  14 


■r  of  Kofal  IniUtiitkiMK 


aDttaentlatca,'  IMl. 

OROTER,  JOEm  WILLIAM  (tS»-lBH>.  rloU  9- 
gJoKr :  eliuratol  at  Uulboraagb  (Mlegr ;  papa  nl  91 
Oliarlw  Pot    In.  T.] ;  emplojrd  In  anaa  of  wiata  ■ 

Hltjncfl  apd  art  dnnrbDBUt;  set  or "" "" 

BMT  Rt  WalmluiiUT,  IBM ;  M-LaK 

prcaiilnit  of  BritlTib  Anbnlogkal 

out  BiTWal  Impottaot  TOKiowringworto.inalnlilnB"- 

gimenl  Waller  ^iootC  In  dealgn  of  Albert'  Ball ;  pabUiM 

ongioeniDg  tmUm  aiid  pamplilMa.       [SappL  U.  11^ 

OEOTES,    ANTHGHY    HDRRIS   (17gS-19U).  >» 

Nonary :  friend  of  Jnbn  Xltio  [q.  >.) :  a  looodu  a  til 

PiymouOi  BrrtbKn;  unKotarlan  miuioaarj  al  Bi«M 

1H3U-S.  and  afteiwardJi  in  India  till  ISH:  dledatOcBJi 

UUJter'ilmuKat  Drlstsl:  U>  iDnrodi  fnnolfaiUlBI 

publlFLcJ  poftthumoiuly,  [iiiiL  79*] 

OR07E8.   JOHN    THOUAS  (d.   ISll).  ahiliiUH: 

al  ot  Hie  works  at  St.  Jamo'a.  Wblleball.  and  WsV 

InaUr.  i;3l ;  arcblUret  to  Ibe  Oaeral  Ponoffli!e.lM: 

led  bi  lUlj'.  iriW-M :  ciblblted  Itallim  anlijccU  at  >^ 

Academy,  17B1-J.  [itlli.  WO) 

OSOZEB,   JOSEPH   <A   liM-lfW),  n 


ilWIl 


GRUBB 


548 


GUEST 


Soc&e^  of  Advocates,  Aberdeen,  1841  till 
irer  on  Soots  Uvr,  Mariscbal  College,  Aber- 
professor  of  law,  Aberdeeu  UniTersity,  1881- 

Aberdeen,  1856:  LL.D.,  1864:  assisted  in 
r  Spakling  Olub,  for  which  he  edited  several 
liflhed  *  Bootesiastical  History  of  SootUnd,' 

[SappL  IL  373] 

THOMAS  (1800-1 878),  optician :  confftnicted 
eloding  the  Armagh  fifteen-inch,  1836,  the 
crratOTy  reflector  (twenty  inch),  and  the 
irne  reflector  (four  feet),  1867  :  F.K.S.,  1864  ; 
0.  [xxiii.  301] 

1>D  AB  OTKAH  (1U&6  7-1137X  king  of 
North  Wales ;  said  to  have  been  bom  at 
aied  Tnihaiam  and  made  himself  master  of 
i81 :  betrayed  to  Hugh  of  Chester  and  im- 
ore  1087:  retaliated  on  the  Normans  with 
ab  Tewdwr  and  a  Norse  fleet :  again  com- 
tire  to  Ireland,  1098;  mied  Anglesey  after 
lied  to  pay  tribute  to  Henry  I,  to  whom  be 
ve  given  up  Gruflydd  ab  Rhys  [q.  v.],  UK ; 
mry  I  in  invasion  of  Powys,  1131 ;  patron  of 
id  of  literature ;  introdnoei  bagpipes  and  the 
:  into  Welsh  music  [xxiii.  301] 


DD  AB  GWJmWYHWyH  (rf.  1286?), lord 
r  or  Upper  Powyv ;  son  of  Owenwynwyn 
aght  up  in  Bngland :  did  homage  for  his 
ie  to  Henry  III.  1241 :  faithful  to  Henry  III 
evolt  of  Davydd  II ;  deprived  by  Lly welyn  ab 
v.]  of  bis  dominions,  fled  to  England,  1266-7  ; 
did  homage  to  Llywelyn,  1263 ;  plotted  with 
Davydd  against  Llywelyn,  1276,  and  thenoe- 
od  permanently  to  English  allegiance. 

[xxiii.  304] 

n>D  AB  LLYWZLYV  (d.  1063X  king  of  the 
'  lago  and  made  himself  king  over  Owynedd, 
fcated  English  at  Ooseford ;  defeated  Howd 
rue  allies,  and  secured  possession  of  Deheu- 
:  in  alliance  with  the  outlawed  .Sifgar  of 
kged  Herefordshire  and  burnt  Hereford :  com- 
trold  to  make  peace,  with  the  Ion  of  his  lands 
Dm,  1062:  slew  Qmffydd  ab  Rhydderoh  and 
I  of  the  Britons,  1066 :  renewed  his  ravages, 
defeated  the  English,  noarried  Aldgyth  (after- 
4  Harold),  and  restored  the  outlawed  ^fgar, 
nally  crushed  and  treacherously  slain  in  oom> 
:  of  Harold  and  Tostig.  [xxiU.  306] 

rOD  AB  IXTWBLTH  (d.  1244),  Welsh 
iUed  against  his  father,  Uywelyn  ab  lorwerth  ; 
f  against  William  Marshall,  earl  of  Pembroke, 
led  and  imprisoned  by  his  brother  Davydd, 
d  over  to  Henry  III,  1241 :  broke  his  neck  in 
icape  from  Tower  of  London,     [xxiii.  307] 

n>0  AB  MADOO  (d.  1269X  called  Qruffydd 
XD,  lord  of  Lower  Powys :  refused  to  fight 
Bngliah,  1244:  driven  out  by  Llywelyn  ab 
.  v.],  1266,  but  in  alliance  with  him  next  year ; 
iah- Welsh  oonfederacy,  1268.       [xxiii.  308] 

rOO  AB  RHTDDEROH  (tf.  1065),  king  of 
Welsh:  beaded  opposition  of  the  south  to 
»  Llywelyn  [q.  v.],  by  whom  he  was  at  length 

[xxiii.  308] 

FDD  AB  RHT8  (<f.  1137X  king  or  prince  of 
s  (Debenbarth) :  returned  from  Ireland,  c, 
refioge  with  Qruffydd  ab  Oyuan  [q.  v.],  but 
DCtoary  to  the  sooth,  to  avoid  being  given  up 
»h  :  ravaged  French  and  Flemish  settlements : 

his  territories  to  Ireland,  1127 ;  allied  himself 
r  North  Wales  ;  won  battle  of  Aberteivi  (Car- 

:  recovered  great  part  of  his  territory ;  slain 
I  treachery.  [xxiii.  309] 

rDO  AB  RETS  {d.  1201 X  South  Welsh  prince : 
GmflTydd  ab  Rhys  (</.  1137)  [q.  v.] :  at  feud 
other  Maelgwyn ;  obtained  recognition  from 
97,  bat  fell  into  bis  brother's  hands  and  was  i 
by  the  English  in  Oorfe  (^tle :  died  a  monk 
otida.  [xxiiL  310] 

n>D,  THOMAS  (1816-1887),  harper:  played 
ham  Palace  and  Marlborough  House,  1848: 
maea  at  the  Eisteddfodsu ;  visited  the  Oomte 


de  la  Villemarqui^  in  Brittany,  1867 ;  harper  to  EdAvard  VII, 
when  Prince  of  Wales.  [xxiii.  811] 

GBXnfDT,  JOHN  (1782-1843),  unitarian  :  minister  at 
Nottingham,  1806-18,  Cross  Street,  Manchester,  181 8-24, 
and  Paradise  Street,  Liverpool,  1824-36 ;  published  reli- 
gious works.  [xxilL  311] 

OBUKOT,  JOHN  CLOWES  (1806-1867),  printseller 
and  art  patron.  [xxiiL  812] 

OBTTHST,  THOMAS  LEEMINO  (180S-1841X  en- 
graver :  brother  of  John  Clowes  Grundy  [q.  v.] ;  his  best 
work  •  The  Lancashire  Witch,'  after  W.  Bradley. 

[xxiii.  312] 

OBUHEISEir,  CHAULBS  LEWIS  (1806-1879X 
journalist  and  musical  critic :  sob-editor  of  the  *  Guardian,* 
1832,of  the*Momhig  Post,*  1833;  special  correspondent 
with  the  Carlist  army,  1887 ;  captnred  by  CJhristiuists  and 
saved  only  by  intervention  of  Falmerston ;  Paris  corre- 
spondent, 1839-44 ;  organised  an  expren  system  between 
Paris  and  London  and  sent  despatches  by  pigeons :  after- 
wards musical  critic  to*  Illustrated  News '  and  '  Morning 
Chronicle,*  and,  from  1868,  of  the  *  Atheneusi  * :  initiated 
revival  of  Italian  opera  at  Oovent  Garden,  1846,  and  super- 
intended production  of '  Lc  Proph^te,*  1849.  [xxiiL  312] 

OBTO,  QRUFFYDD  (/.  1330-1S70),  Welsh  poet: 
chiefly  noted  for  his  poetical  contenUon  with  David  ab 
Qwilym.  [xxUU  813] 

6BTMS8T0N,  ELIZABETH  (<f.  1608).    [See  Grim- 

8T0N.] 

OVADEB  or  WADSB,  RALPH,  Earl  of  Norfolk 
(fl.  1070),  outlawed  by  Harold:  retired  to  Brittany;  at 
Hastings,  the  only  British  traitor,  1066 :  created  Earl  by 
William  I:  married,  against  his  own  wish,  to  Emma, 
daughter  of  William  Fitioebem  [q.  v.] :  at  the  bridal 
conspired  with  Roger,  earl  of  Hereford,  against  the  kUig, 
1076  :  fled  and  was  outlawed :  crusader  with  Robert  m. 
Normandy ;  at  the  siege  of  Nicaea,  1097 ;  died  *  in  vi& 
DeL*  [xxiii.  814] 

OUALDBIO  (d.  1 112).    [See  Galdric] 

GVALEirSIS,  THOMAS  (d.  1266).    [See  Wallensis.] 

OVABO,  WILUAM  (1300?).  [See  William  of 
Ware.] 

OITBBIVS,  MARTIN  RICHARD  (1812-1868),  Anglo- 
Indian  ofBdal :  financial  commissioner  in  Ondh.  1866-7 : 
grominent  at  Lucknow  during  the  mutiny :  accompanied 
ir  Colin  Campbell  to  Oawnpore:  judge  of  the  Agra 
supreme  court,  1868-62 :  published '  The  Mutinies  in  Oudb,* 
1868 :  committed  suicide  at  Leamington.       [xxiiL  316] 

OTJDWAL,  Saint  {ft.  660),  bishop  and  confessor; 
founded  monastery  in  Devonshire  (according  to  the  Bol- 
landiste),  at  Cormon  (according  to  Surius  and  Malebrancq). 

[xxiiL  816] 

OUDWAL  or  OTTBYAL  (7th  cent),  second  bishop  of 
St.  Malo ;  disciple  of  St.  Brendan.  [xxiiL  816] 

OTJEBIN,  THOMAS.    [See  Geeran.] 

0XJEB8TB,  BALTHASAR  {d.  1667),  lUlian  physi- 
cian ;  surgeon  to  Catherine  of  Arragon  and  Henry  VIII ; 
M.D.  Cambridge,  1646  ;  F.R.C.P.,  1666.  [xxiii.  316] 

GUEST,  0HXA8T,  or  OESTE,  EDMUND  (1618- 
1677X  bishop  of  Salisbury :  M.A.  King's  College,  Cam- 
bridge, 1644 :  while  vice-provost  of  King's  College,  Cam- 
bridge, disputed  on  the  protestant  etide,  1649:  domestic 
chaplain  to  Parker  and  archdeacon  of  Canterbur}',  1669 ; 
a  reviser  of  Uie  liturgy :  bishop  of  Kocheeter,  1660-71 ; 
chancellor  of  the  Garter,  c  1660,  and  chief  almoner  to 
Queen  Elizabeth,  1660-72 :  D.D.,  1571 ;  bishop  of  Salisbury, 
1671-7 :  friend  of  Cecil,  Hatton,  and  Bacon  ;  left  his  library 
to  Salisbury  Cathedral :  maintAinud  the  real  presence, 
1664 :  translated  psalms  in  *  Bishops'  Bible.'  [xxiiL  316] 

GUEST,  EDWIN  (1  ROD- 1880),  hl<*torIcal  writer,  philo- 
logist and  historian;  eleventh  wrangler,  Caius  (College, 
Cambridge,  1824  ;  M.A.,  1837  ;  LL.D.,  1863 :  D.C.L.  Oxford, 
1863 :  fellow,  1824 :  master  of  Gonville  and  Caius  (College, 
1862-80 ;  barrister,  1828 ;  chief  founder  of  the  philological 
Society,  1842 ;  F.lLft.,  1839  ;  hon.  secretary  S.A.,  1862 ; 
published '  History  of  English  Rhythms,'  1838,  and  nume- 
rous papers  on  philology  and  Roman- Br itisli  history ;  his 
*Origines  Celtics '  edited  by  Stubbe  and  Deedes,  1883. 

[xxliL  818] 


GUEST 


644 


GUKDBADA 


GUE8T,  GEORGE  (1771-18S1X  organist  at  St.  Ffeter's, 
Wisbech,  1789-1831 :  son  of  Ralph  Gaest  [q.  v.]  ;  com- 
posed cantatas,  organ  pieces,  quartets,  and  glees. 

[xzilL  8191 

GUEST,  JOSHUA  (1660-1747),  lientenant-general : 
enlisted  in  the  dragoons,  168t ;  served  in  Ireland,  Flanders, 
and  Spain ;  brevetK»loneU  1718 ;  lieateuant-general,  1746 ; 
defended  Edinburgh  Oastle  against  Prince  Oharle^  Ed- 
ward, though,  according  to  Chambers,  a  Jacobite ;  buried 
in  Westminster  Abbey.  [xxiiL    819] 

OUEST,  8m  JOSIAH  JOHN,  baronet  (1785-1858). 
ironmaster ;  as  sole  manager  of  Dowlaia  iron- works  intro- 
duced ohemicnl  and  englneeriug  improvements:  pro- 
prietor, 1849 ;  M.P.,  Honiton,  1823-81,  Merthjr  Tydril, 
188S-58  :  mediator  in  Merthyr  riots  of  1831 ;  P.R.S.,  1830 : 
created  baronet,  1838.  [xxiiL  3S0] 

GXrBST,  RALPH  (1748-1830X  organist  at  St.  Mary's, 
Bury  St.  Edmunds,  1805-83.  [xxiiU  819] 

GUX8T,  THOMAS  DOUGLAS  ( /.  180S-1839X  histo- 
rical and  portrait  painter ;  exhibited  at  Academy  (1803- 
1838)  and  British  Institution ;  published  *  Inquiry  into 
Causes  of  the  Decline  of  Historical  Painting,*  1889. 

[xxiiL  381] 

GUIDOTT,  THOMAS  (>r.  1698),  physician;  MJL. 
Wadham  (College,  Oxford,  1668;  M.B.,  1666;  practised 
about  Oxford,  subsequently  at  Bath  and  in  London ;  edited 
Jorden's  *  Discourse  of  Natural  Bathes '  (3rd  ed.  1669X  Tbeo- 
philns  vfpi  ovpMF,  1703,  and  Maplet's  *De  Thermarum 
Bathoniensium  Eflectis,*  1694;  published  medical  works 
on  English  spas.  [xxiiL  838] 

GUILD,  WILLIAM  (1586-1657),  Scottish  divine; 
member  of  the  *  muttnous  assembly  *  which  in  Edinbur^ 
protested  for  the  liberties  of  the  kirk,  1617;  D.D.  and 
chaplain  to  Charles  I ;  supported  episcopacy,  but  took  the 
covenant  with  reservatibns  ;  prmcipal  of  King's  College, 
Aberdeen,  1640-51 ;  deprived  for  lukewarmness,  1651 ;  his 
*  Moses  Un vailed,'  1680,  dedicated  to  Bishop  Andrewes; 
purchased  the  Trinity  Friars'  convent  at  Aberdeen  and 
endowed  it  as  a  hospitaL  [xxiii.  383] 

GUZLDrORD,  Sir  HENRY  (1489-153SX  master  of  the 
horse  and  comptroller  of  the  hoawhold ;  son  of  Sir  Richard 
Ghiildford  [q.  v];  served  against  the  Moors  and  was 
knighted  by  Fei^inand,  1511;  king's  standard-bearer  in 
French  campaign  of  1513 :  accompanied  Henry  YIII  to 
Field  of  Cnoth  of  Gold  (1530)  and  toGravelines,and  Wols^ 
to  Calais;  master  of  the  horse,  1515-33;  comptroller  of 
the  household ;  knight  of  the  shire  for  Kent,  1589 ;  dgned 
articles  against  W<risey,  1539,  but  remained  his  friend, 
though  retaining  Henry  YIII's  favour.  [xxiiL  834] 

GUZLDFOBD,  NICHOLAS  db  (/.  1850),  poet ;  sup- 
posed author  of  *  The  Owl  and  the  Nightingale '  (first 
printed,  1888),  and  *  La  Passytm  Jhu  Crist,  en  Engleys,' 
printed  in  Morris's  *  Old  English  Misoellany.'  [xxiiL  337] 

GUILDFOBD,  Sir  RICHARD  (1455  7-1506),  master  of 
the  ordnance  under  Henry  VII :  attainted  by  Richard  III 
reclaimed  land  in  Sussex  (Guildford  Level) ;  built  ships 
attended  Henry  VII  at  Boulogne,  1493 ;  sheriff  of  Kent 
comptroller  of  the  household ;  created  banneret  for  ser- 
vices against  Cornish  rebels,  1497 ;  KX}.,  1500 ;  died  at 
Jerusalem  on  pilgrimage ;  his  account  printed  by  Pynson, 
1511.  [xxiiL  337] 

GUILFOSD,  Earu  07.  [See  North,  Francih,  first 
Earl,  1704-1790 ;  North,  Frederick,  second  Earl, 
1738-1798;  North,  Georob  Auoubtus,  third  Earl, 
1757-1808 :  North,  Francis,  fourth  Earl,  1761-1817 ; 
North,  Frederick,  fifth  Earl,  1766-1837.] 

GUILFOSD,  Barons.  [See  North,  Fraxcib,  first 
Barox,  1637-1685 ;  North,  Fraxcb,  third  Baron,  1704- 
1790.] 

GUILLAK0BB,yiHCOUNTR.  [Sec  O'Grady,  Standlsh, 
first  Viscount,  1766-1840 ;  O'Grady,  Standish.  second 
Viscount,  1792-1848.] 

GUZLLEXABD.  WILLIAM  HENRT  (1815-1887X 
divine;  of  (Christ's  Hospital  and  Pembroke  College,  Cam- 
bridge ;  fellow,  1839  ;  M.A.,  1841 ;  DJ>.,  1870 ;  head- 
master of  Royal  (>>llege,  Armagh,  1848-69 ;  vicar  of  St. 
Mary-the-Less,  Cambridge,  1869-87;  introduced  Oxford  , 
movement  at  Cambridge;  published  *  Hebraisms  of  the 
Greek  Testament,'  1879.  [xxiii.  330] 


GUnini.     JOHN    (1565-1681).    herald; 
Braaenose  College,  Oxford,  1681 ;  Rouge  Croix  pu 
1619 ;  systematised  science  of  heraldry ;  publisbe 
play  of  Heraldrie  '(1610).  [xxi 

GUINVESB,   SIR   BENJAMIN    LEE,  first 
(1798-1868X  brewer ;   succeeded  bis  father  as 
prietor,  1855,  and  developed  export  side  of  the  I 
lord   nwyor  of   Dublin,   1851 ;    restored   St. 
Cathedral  at  cost  of  150,0001.,  1860-5 :  LL.D.  Dub 
j  created  baronet,  1867  :M.P.,  Dublin,  1865-8.  [xxi 

GUISE,  JOHN  (1680-1761).    [See  GursE.] 

GUISE,  JOHN  (<f.  1765X  general ;   served 
1st  foot  guards  under  Marlborough  in  Flande 
manded  the  battalion  in  Vigo  expedition,  1719  : 
and  colonel  commanding  6th  foot  at  Oarthagei 
major-general,  1748 ;  geneiml,  1768.  [xxi 

GUIBE,  Sir  JOHN  WRIGHT,  third  baron 
1865X  general :  wrved  with  3rd  foot  goanls  at  Fe 
and  Cadiz,  1800,  in  Egypt,  1801,  and  Hanover 
commanded  light  companies  at  Fncntes  d'Onon 
first  battalion  in  Spain,  1818-14 ;  generaU  IMl 
1863 ;  succeeded  to  baronetcy,  1834.  [xxi 

GUISE,  WILLIAM  (1653  ?-1683),  orientalis 
of  All  Souls',  Oxford,  1674-80 ;  M.A.,  1677 ;  bit 
Pars'  (Mishnah),  edited  by  Professor  Edward 
[q.  v.],  1690.  [xxi 

GULL,  Sir  WILLIAM  WITHBY,  fir^t  barer 
1890X  physician  to  Queen  Victoria  ;  M.D.  Loud* 
medical  tutor  and  lecturer  at  Guy's  Hospital,  ai 
physician;  F.R.CJ*.,  1848  (councillor,  1S63-4): 

{professor  of  physiology,  1847-9 ;  F.RJB.,  1869 ;  D 
ord,  1868;  LL.D.  Cambridge  and  Bdinbar?] 
member  of  general  medical  counciL  1871-83  I 
Edward  VII,  when  Prince  of  Wales,  dnrinfr  L 
illness,  1871 ;  created  baronet,  1878 ;  physician  in 
to  Queen  Victoria,  1887-90 ;  Gulstonian  lectar 
Hunterian  orator,  1861,  and  Harveian  orator,  1 
eminent  as  clinical  physician.  [xx 

GUILI7EB,  GEORGE  (1804-1888),  anatoi 
physiologist ;  prosector  to  Abemetby  and  dreaf«i 
rence  at  St.  Bartholomew's  Hospital:  F.BJ 
F.R.C.S.,  1843 ;  Hunterian  professor  of  compara 
tomyand  physiology,  1861 ;  surgeon  to  royal  bor^ 
edited  medi<»l  works.  [xxi 

GULLY,  JAMES  MANBY  (1808-1883  X  pi 
studied  at  Paris ;  M.D.  Edinburgh,  1829 :  pn 
London  and  afterwards  at  Malvern,  where  he 
friend  James  Wilson  introduced  the  bydropatt 
ment  of  disease ;  the  '  Dr.  Gullaon '  of  Charles  R« 
is  never  too  late  to  mend  * ;  his  reputation  damaf; 
Bravo  case,  1876 ;  puMished  worte,  including  '  tl 
Cure  in  Chronic  Disease,*  1846.  [xxi 

GULLT,  JOHN  (1783-1863),  prize-fighter  ac 
racer ;  fought  Henry  Pearce  the  *  Game  Chicken ' 
ham,  1805 ;  leading  boxer  till  1808 :  won  the  IV 
the  St.  Leger,  1838,  the  Derby  and  Oaks,  1846, 
Thousand,  1844,  and  the  Derby  and  Two  Thoai^tar 
M.P.,  Pontefract,  1838-7.  [xxii 

GUL8T0N,  JOSEPH  (1745-1786).  coUector 
noissenr ;  bom  at  Greenwich  in  romantic  circum 
spent  a  Urge  fortune  chiefly  in  collecting  bo 

Srlnts,  the  sale  of  the  Utter  (1786)  Usting  for 
[.P.,  Poole,  1780-4.  [xxii 

GUL8T0N,    THEODORE   (1573-1633).    [So 

8T0N.] 

GUXBLE,  THOMAS  (rf.  1676),  biographer :  • 
to  Monck  in  Scotland,  1655:  entrusted  bv  hi 
letters  to  the  parlUment  and  city,  1660 ;  D.D.Ca 
and  prebendary  of  Winchester.  1661:  rertor 
Lavant,  Sussex,  1663;  published*  Life  of  General 
Duke  of  Albemarle,'  1671.  [xxii 

GUVSLEUS,  Saint  (6th  cent).    [See  Gwtni 

GUlfDRADA  DB  Warenne  (d.  1085),  wife  of 
de  Warrennc,  first  earl  of  Surrey,  and  co-foan< 
him  of  Lewe«  priory,  1077 :  her  tombstone  pUo 
John's  Church,  Southover,  Lewes,  at  end  of  eit 
century.  [xxi 


GUNDRY 


545 


GURNEY 


T,  Sib  NATHANIEL  (1701  V-1764X  judge; 

[iddte  Temple,  1735:  M.P^  Dorchester,  1741- 

1743;  judge  of  common  pleas,  1760-4:  died 

[xxiii.  339] 

LF  (1024  7-1108X  bishop  of  Rochester:  made 
■e  with  William,  archdeacon  of  Rouen,  to 
monk  of  Bee :  followed  Lanf ranc  to  Oaen  and 

and  became  his  proctor ;  as  bishop  of  Ro- 
7-1108)  remodelled  chapter  on  monastic  basis 
cathedral ;  architect  of  the  Tower  of  London, 
is  Tower,  West  Mailing,  and  other  buildings  ; 
>f  see  of  Canterbury  during  vacancy,  1089; 
Oueiice  over  William  II ;  was  attraded  on  his 

Anwplm.  [xxiii.  339] 

BARNABAS  (d.  1753),  musical  composer: 

Gloucester  Oathedral,  1733-40,  at  St.  PhUip's 

artinX  Birmingham,  1740-63,   and  Chelsea 

rsO-S :    published  '  Six  Solos  for  Violin  and 

'  1746,  and  songs  and  cantatas,    [xxiii.  841] 

DANIEL  (1774-1848X  congregational  minls- 
.ted  for  his  onemotional  preaching  and  his 
hristcburch,  Hampshire.  [xxiii.  342] 

JOHN  (/.  1790X  musical  writer :  published 
the  Origin  of  Stringed  Instruments,*  1789,  and 
it«I  '  Forty  faYOurite  Scotch  Airs  adapted  for 
looodlo,  or  Flute,*  also  *  Historical  Enquiry 
Uie  performances  of  the  Harp  in  the  High- 
7)  and  works  on  the  flute.  [xxilL  343] 

ROBERT  CANTPBELL  (1808-1881),  uatural- 
nteodoit  of  convict  prisons  in  Tasmania, 
Bent  home  plants  and  animals ;  F.L.S.,  1860 : 
I ;  died  at  Hobart  Town.  [xxUL  348] 

WILLIAM  (1760-1841),  antiquarian  writer ; 
>  College.  Cambridge,  1795;  rector  of  Barton 
ratead,  Norfolk,  1786-1839,  and  afterwards  of 

published  *  Extracts  *  from  state  papers  in  the 
d  otbo-  libraries,  1803,  a  tenth-century  manu- 
iirtoria  Britonum,*  1819,  and  an  account  of  the 
pestriea,  1831.  [xxiii.  343] 

OrO,  ELIZABETH,  afterwards  Duchess  op 
AMD  OP  Argyll  (1734-1790X  famous  beauty; 
iaogbter  of  James  Cunning,  of  Castlecoote, 
n:  secretly  married  James,  sixth  duke  of 
at  midnight  in  Mayfair  chapel,  14  Feb.  1763, 
9  John  Campbell,  afterwards  duke  of  Argyll : 
le  bedchamber  to  Queen  Charlotte:  created 
lamUton,  1776.  [xxiii.  343] 

□TO,  ELIZABETH,  afterwards  Mrs.  Plun- 
-1833),  novelist;  daughter  of  SuKtnnab  Gun- 
]  [xxiii.  349] 

□10.  HENRY  (1768-1864X  senior  esquire 
imbridge  University :  scholar  of  Christ's  C)ol- 
ridge ;  sixth  wrangler,  1788 ;  M.A.,  1791;  esquire 
9  (senior,  1837-54) :  published  '  Reminiscences 
rersity.  Town,  ami  County  of  Cambridge,*  1854, 
dition  of  W^all's  *  Ceremonies  observed  in  the 

[xxiii.  844] 


□TO,  JOHN  id.  1798X  surgeon  to  St.  George's 
766-98 :  as  master  of  the  Surgeons*  Company 
effected  many  reforms:  had  violent  coutro- 
h  John  Hunter,  whom  he  succeeded  as  surgeon- 
tX.  [xxUi.  346] 

DfO.     MARIA,     afterwards    Countess     op 
( 1733-1760).    [See  Coventry.] 

no,  PETER  (1614-1684).  bishop  of  Ely; 
if  the  famous  beauUes:  fellow  and  tutor  of 
I,  (Cambridge,  1633;  M.A.,  1635;  famous  as 
cacber  when  incumbent  of  Little  St.  Mary*s ; 
Oxford,  1646 ;  during  the  Commonwealth  cele- 
Kopalian  service  at  Exeter  Chapel,  Strand  ; 
;  master  of  0\An  (}ol1ege,  Cambridge,  and  Lady 
protesor  of  divinity,  1660 ;  master  of  St. 
TCgins  professor.  1661 :  proctor  for  Canterbury 
borough  in  the  lower  bouse  of  convocation ; 
in  Savoy  conference;  bishop  of  Chichester, 
r  Ely,  1676-84;  his  *FftSGhal  or  Lent  Fast* 
iblished,1845.  [xxiii.  345] 

□rO,  Sir  ROBERT,  baronet  (1731-1816),  diplo- 
cnipoteoUaryat(}openhagen,  1768 ;  transferred 


to  Berlin,  1771 ;  ambassador  at  St  Petersburg,  1773-5 ; 
negotiated  for  employment  of  Roitsian  troops  in  America, 
1776 ;  K.B.,  1778 ;  created  barone^  1778.       [xxUL  348] 

OTJinriNO,  Mrs.  SUSANNAH  (17407-1800),  novel- 
ist; n^  Minifle:  married  John  Gunning  (afterwards 
lieutenant-general),  brother  of  the  famous  beauties,  1768 ; 
joined  her  daughter,  Elizabeth  Gunning  [(}.  v.],  when  her 
husband  tamed  the  girl  out  of  the  house,  both  being 
received  by  the  Duchess  of  Bedford :  published  several 
novels ;  her  *  Memoirs  of  Mary  *  (1793)  supposed  to  mention 
family  scandals.  [xxiiL  349] 

OXrKTSB,  EDMUND  (1581-1636),  mathematician; 
educated  at  Westminster  and  Christ  Church,  Oxford; 
M.A.,  1606;  B.D.,  1616;  incumbent  of  St.  Gtoorge*8, 
Southwark,  1615  ;  Gresbam  professor  of  astronomy,  1619- 
1636;  discovered  by  experiments  at  Deptfonl  variation 
of  the  magnetic  needle,  1633;  introduced  ^Gunter's 
chain '  and  the  decimal  separator ;  *Gunter*s  Line '  or  rule 
of  proportion  described  in  bis  *  Book  of  the  Sector  * ;  pub- 
lished *  Canon  Triangulorum  ;  or,  Table  of  Artificial  Sines 
and  Tangents,*  1630:  complete  works  edited  by  Samuel 
Foster  (1636)  and  WiUiam  Leyboum  (1673). 

[xxiiL  360] 

OUVTHOBPE  or  OUITDGRP,  JOHN  (d.  1498),  dean 
of  Wells ;  chaplain  to  Edward  IV  ;  warden  of  the  kincr*s 
hall  at  Cambridge,  1468-77 ;  prebendary  of  Lincoln, 
1471-98:  dean  of  Wells,  1473- 9H:  keeper  of  the  privy 
seal,  1483 :  employed  to  treat  with  the  Emperor  Maxi- 
milian, I486,  Ferdinand  and  Isabella,  1488,  and  other 
European  princes :  built  deanery  at  WeUs.    [xxiiL  361] 

OUKTON.  SIMON  (1609-1676X  divine  and  anti- 
quary: M.A.  Magdalene  College,  Cambridge,  1634;  vicar 
of  Pytchley,  1637,  of  Peterborough,  1660-6,  and  of  FUker- 
ton,  Lincolnshire,  1666-76;  history  of  Peterborough 
Cathedral  compiled  from  his  collection  issued  16K6. 

[xxiii.  358] 

G17S]X)N  or  OO&DON,  Sir  ADAM  db  id.  1306X 
warrior :  fought  against  Henry  III  in  barous*  war ;  re- 
pulsed Welsh,  1365 ;  defeated  in  single  combat  by  Prince 
Edward,  1366,  who  restored  his  estates:  a  justice  of  the 
forest  and  commissioner  of  array  in  Hampshire,  Dorset, 
and  Wiltshire  under  Edward  I.  [xxiiL  353] 

1  OTJBDON,  BRAMPTON  (d.  1741),  Boyle  lecturer; 
fellow  ot  C^ius  College,  Cambridge  ;  M.A.,  1695 ;  chaplain 

I  to  Lord  Macclesfield:    archdeacon   of   Sudbury,    1737; 

I  rector  of  Denham,  1730,  of  St.  Edmund  the  King,  Lom- 

i  ban!  Street.  1733;  his  Boyle  lectures  (1721-3),  'The  Pre- 
tended  Difficulties  in  Natural  or  Reveal'd  Religion  no 
Excuse  for  InfideUty,*  printed  1723.  [xxiii.  358] 

OTTBDON,  JOHN  (1695  ?- 1679),  pariiamcnUrian ; 
M.P.  for  Ipswich  in  Long  parliament:  M.P.,  Suffolk, 
1654 :  member  of  Eastern  Counties  Association :  member 
of  council  of  state,  1650 ;  refused  to  attend  when  com- 
missioner for  Charles  I*s  trial  [xxiii.  353] 

OTTRDON,  THORNHAGH  (1663-1733),  anUquary; 
brother  of  Brampton  Gurdon  [q.  v.]  :  M.  A.  Calus  College, 
Cambridge,  1683  ;  F.S.A.,  1718 ;  receiver-general  of  Nor- 
folk ;  published  '  Essay  on  the  Antiquity  of  the  Castel  of 
Norwich,'  1728,  and  a  history  of  parliament,  1731. 

[xxiii.  353] 

QJTBJXALL,  WILLIAM  (1617-1679),  divine:  M.A. 
Emmanuel  College,  Cambridge,  1689;  rector  of  Laven- 
ham,  Suffolk,  1644-79;  published  'The  Christian  in 
Complete  Armour,'  1656, 1658,  1663.  [xxiii.  354] 

0T7EVEY,  ANNA  (1795-1867),  Anglo-Saxon  scholar ; 
though  paralysed  throughout  life  visited  Rome,  Athens, 
and  Argoe:  first  female  member  (1845) of  British  Archaso- 
logical  Association:  published  privately  'Literal  Trans- 
lation of  the  Saxon  Chronicle.  By  a  Lady  in  the  Country,* 
1819.  [xxiii.  354] 

OUBNEY,  ARCHER  THOMPSON  (1830-1887), 
divine  and  author :  son  of  Richard  Gumey  [q.  v.] :  chap- 
lain to  the  Court  Chapel,  Paris,  1868-71 ;  published  books 
of  verse, including  'Songs of  the  Present,'  1854,  and*  Iphi- 
genia  at  Delphi'  (tragedy),  1855;  also  translations  from 
the  German  and  prose  treatises.  [xxiii.  354] 

0T7RKST,  DANIEL  (1791-1880),  banker  and  anti- 
quary: F.S.A.:  printed  privately  essays  on  banking 
and  *  Record  of  the  House  of  Gournay,*  1858. 

[xxiii.  366] 

N  N 


GURNET 


546 


GUTOH 


OTTBNET  or  OURNAT,  EDMUND  (d.  1648),  dtvine : 
B.A.  Queeiis'  OoUege,  OambridRe,  1600 ;  Norfolk  fellow  of 
Corpus  Ohriflti  Oollci^  Cambridge,  1601 ;  B.D.,  1609 : 
rector  of  Edgefield,  Norfolk,  1614,  of  Harpley,  1620;  pub- 
ILshed  anti-Romanist  treatises.  [x  xiii.  366] 

OUBNSY.  EDMUND  (1847-1888X  pbiloeophical 
writer :  thinl  M>n  of  John  Hampden  Oamey  [q.  r.] ; 
fourth  clastic,  1871  ;  fellow  of  Trinity  College,  Gam- 
bridge,  187S ;  studied  suooesslTely  music,  medicine,  and 
law  ;  afterwards  devoted  himself  to  experimental  psycho- 
logy, and  was  one  of  the  chief  fouuderr«  of  the  Society 
for  Psychical  Research,  1882,  in  whow  *  I'roccedings '  and 

*  Journal'  he  vrrote  on  hallucination  and  hypnotism: 
publifihed  *  The  Power  of  Sound,'  1880, '  Phanta.«m8  of  the 
Living,'  1886  (with  Frederic  William  Henry  Myers  [q.  v.] 
and  Mr.  F.  PodmoreX  and  *  TerUum  Quid,'  1887. 

[xxiii.  356] 
OTTSVET,  8m  OOLDSWORTHY  (1798-1876X  in- 
ventor :  in  a  course  of  chemistry  lectures  at  the  Surrey 
Institution  anticipated  principle  of  electric  telegraph: 
invented  oxy-hydrogen  blow-pipe,  and  discovered  the  tto- 
called  '  Drummond  Light ' :  his  steam-jet  first  applied  to 
steamboats,  1824:  with  bis  steam  rarriage  went  from 
London  to  Bath  and  back  at  rate  of  fifteen  miles  an  hour, 
1829 :  extinguished  mine  fires  by  hi!<  steam-jet:  principle 
of  *  Oumey  stove  *  applied  in  warming  and  ventUation  of 
old  House  of  Commons  ;  superintended  lighting  and  ven- 
tilation in  new  houses  of  parliament,  1854-63  :  knighted, 
1863:  published  descriptions  of  his  inventions  and  'Ob- 
servations pointing  out  a  meand  by  which  a  Seaman  may 
identify  Lighthouses  *  (1864).  [xxiii.  358] 

OURNET,  HUDSON  (1775-1864X  antiquary  and 
verse-writer :  half-brother  of  Anna  Qurney  [q.  v.] :  friend 
of  Lord  Aberdeen :  M.P.,  Newtown,  Isle  of  Wight,  from 
1816:  F.  Its.,  1818  ;  vice- prefident.  Society  of  Antiquaries, 
1822-46;  published  'Cupid  and  Psyche,'  1799,  'Heads  of 
Ancient  History,*  1814.  a  verse  tranflation  of  'Orlando 
Furioso,*  1843,  and  '  Norfolk  Topographer's  Manual  *  and 

*  History  of  Norwich  OasUe.*  [xxiii.  360] 

OURNET.  JOHN  (1688-1741),  quaker:  friend  of  Sir 
Robert  Walpole :  ably  defended  Norwich  wocri-trade  t>efore 
parliamentary  committee,  1720.  [xxiii.  361] 

OURNET,  Sir  JOHN  (1768-1845),  judge:  son  of 
Joseph  Ourney  (1744-1815)  [q.  v.] :  educated  at  St.  Paul's 
School :  barrister.  Inner  Temple,  1793:  junior  counsel  for 
Hardy,  Home  Tooke,  and  Thel  wall.  1794 :  defended  Cross- 
field,  1796,  and  Arthur  O'Connor,  1798:  K.C.  after  pr0j>e- 
cuting  Cochrane,  1816  ;  procured  conviction  of  two  Cato 
Street  conspirators,  1820;  baron  of  the  exchequer,  1832- 
1845,  and  knighted,  1832.  [xxiii.  361] 

OURNEY,  JOHN  HAMPDEN  (1802-1862),  author; 
eldest  son  of  Sir  John  Ourney  [q.  v.] ;  M.A.  Trinity  Col- 
lege, Cambridge,  1827 ;  rector  of  St.  Mary's,  Bryanstone 
Square,  1847-62 ;  prebendary  of  SL  Paul's,  1857.  His  works 
include  '  Psalms  and  Hymns  for  Public  Worship,'  1852, 
and  three  series  of  '  Historical  Sketches.*       [xxiii.  362] 

OURNEY,  JOSEPH  (1744-1816),  shorthand  writer: 
on  of  Thomo!*  Gumey  [q.  v.]  ;  employed  on  official  re- 
ports of  civil  cases  from  1790;  ordered  to  read  from  his 
notes  of  the  Warren  Hasting^  trial  words  of  Burke 
accusing  Impey  of  murder,  1789 :  reported  election  peti- 
tion committees,  1791 ;  published  thirteen  reports,  1775- 
1796 ;  edited  ninth  edition  of  'Brachygrapby,^1778. 

[xxiii.  368] 

OURNET,  JOSEPH  (1804-1879),  shorthand  writer 
and  biblical  scholar ;  i^on  of  William  Brodie  Oumey  [q.  v.]  ; 
reporter  to  houses  of  pnrliament,  1849-72;  published 
'The  AnnoUted  Paraeraph  Bible,'  1850-60,  and  'The 
Revised  English  Bible,'  1877.  [xxiii.  363] 

OURNET,  JOSEPH  JOHN  (1788-1847),  quaker 
philanthropist  and  writer:  brother  of  Daniel  Qurney 
[q.  v.]  and  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Fry  [q.  v.]  ;  studied  classics  at 
Oxfoni ;  quaker  minister,  1818 ;  interested  in  prison  reform, 
negro  emancipation,  and  the  abolition  of  capital  punish- 
ment :  visited  the  chief  European  countries,  and  in  1837- 
1840  the  United  States,  OinacU,  and  the  West  Indies ;  pub- 
lished 'Essays  on  the  Evidences,  Doctrines, and  Practical 
Operation  of  Christianity,'  1825,  and  '  Biblical  Notes  and 
Dissertations,'  1830,  hi!« '  Letters  to  Mrs.  Opie.'  and  'Auto- 
biography,' printed  privately;  bis  'Chalmeriana*  pub- 
lished posthumously.  [xxiii.  86)3] 


OURNET  or  GURNARD,  Sir  RICHARD,  bsnaet 
(1577-1647X  lord  mayor  of  London,  1641-2 ;  created  btroMt 
by  Charles  I ;  refused  to  call  out  the  trained  bands  to  )mt 

,  the  peace  when  the  arrest  of  the  five  members  vu  eon- 
templated,  1642 ;  imprisoned  in  the  Tbwer,  1642-7.  ior 

'  causing  to  be  read  the  king's  prodamaUoa  against  pirib- 
ment's  militia  ordinance,  1642.  [xxiiL  SM] 

OURNET,    RICHARD   (1790-1848X   vice-waidcB  flf 
the  stannaries  of  Devon,  and  author  of  *  Fables  <■  Va 
:  and  Manners,*  1809, '  The  Maid  of  Prague,*  1841,  and  otto 
works :  died  at  Bonn.  [xxiii.  154] 

OURNET,  RUSSELL  (1804-1878X  recorder  d  Urn- 
.  don ;  son  of  Sir  John  Qamey  [q.  ▼.]  ;   BJL  Trinity  (M- 

lege,  Cambridge,  1836:    barrister,  Innor  Temple,  188: 

common  pleader  in  city  of  London,  18S0;    Q.(X,18IS; 

judge  of  sberifTs  court,  1850;  omnmon  eerieant,  18K: 
'  recorder,  1857-78 :  M.P.,  Southampton,  1866 ;  tookcbii|i 
I  of  Married  Women's  Property  BiU  (1870)  and  other  i» 
',  portant  measures :  commissioner  in  Jamaica,  1865,  sad 

for  treaty  of  Washington,  1871;   privy  cooDciUor,  UM; 

served  on  many  royal  commissions.  [xxiii.  815] 

OURNET,  SAMUEL  (1786-1856).  biU-discoaDtar  lal 
philanthropist:  brother  of  Joseph  John  Qomey  [q.  v.] ; 
entered  firm  of  Richardson  &  Overend  (afterwaru  Ofv- 
end,  Oumey  &  (^.),  1807  ;  became  known  as  'the  bankB^i 
banker*:  worked  for  reform  of  criminal  code ;  intuutoi 
in  the  Niger  expedition  of  1841,  and  the  colony  of  Libscis; 
treasurer  of  British  and  Foreign  School  Society  froa 
1848.  [xxUL  861] 

OURNET,  THOMAS  (1706-1770),  shorthand  writer: 
.  clockmaker  near  Blackfriars  Road;  sborthand  tsiflifr; 
his  engagement  at  the  Old  Bailey  the  first  offldal  i^ 
pointment  of  a  shorthand  writer ;  afterwards  pncttnd 
in  other  courts  and  in  the  House  of  Oommoos;  kk 
'  Brachygraphy  ^  (1750)  originally  an  improvemeot  as 
William  Mason's  'Shorthand,'  frequently reisraad and i» 
proved.  Qurney *s  'Syston*  waa  employed  by  Sir  'Bmrj 
Cavendish  [q.  v.],  and  later  for  mott  goveramcDt  lid 
parliamentary  work.  [xxiii.  W] 


OURNET,  WILLIAM  BRODIE  (1777-1855). 
hand  writer  and  philanthropist ;  brother  of  Sir  Jofei 
Gumey  [q.  v.];  reported  trials,  speeches,  dkc,  tbroo^Mt 
the  United  Kingdom,  1808-44  ;  official  reporter  to  psiii- 
ment  from  1818;  mentioned  in  *Don  Joan*;  diM 
fifteenth  and  sixteenth  editions  of  *Bracbygrapby*(ini* 
1K35X  and  the  'Youth's  Magazine*  (commenoed  1801); 
president  of  Sunday  School  Union  ;  treasurer  of  Skeprnj 
College  and  the  baptist  foreign  mimiooa.      [xxiii.  80] 

OURWOOO,  JOHN  (1790-1846).  editor  of  the 'Wel- 
lington Despatches  * :  served  in  Peninsula  as  subaltoiif 
52nd  till  storming  of  Ciudad  Rodrigo,  1812,  where  be  m 
severely  wounded;    exchanged   into  oavalry;   aids^ 

•  camp  to  Sir  Henry  (Clinton  in  the  Netherlands ;  sefodj 
wounded  at  Waterloo ;  brevet-colonel,  1841;  as  privsli 
secreUry  to  W^ellington  edited  hia  despatches,  1817^: 
C.B.  and  deputy-lieutenant  of  the  Tower;  eomalM. 

I  suicide.  [xxiiLtTO] 

I       OUTOH.  JOHN  (1746-1881),  antiqaary  aad  diftoe: 

'  M.A.  All  Souls*  College,  Oxford,  1771 ;  chaplain  of  Al 

Souls',  1770,  of  Corpus   Christi  College,  Oxfoid.  1778: 

'  registrar  of   the   university,  1797-1824;    reetof  of  8L 

Cnement's,  1795-1831 ;   published   ^OoUectanea  Oarion.' 

1781,  and,  from  Wood's  manuscripts,  *  History  sod  Asti- 

Suities  of  the  CoUeget  and  Halls  in  the  Univenity  « 
xford,'  1786,  'Fasti  Oxonienses,*  1790,  and  'HIstoiTof 
the  University  of  Oxford,*  1 798-6.  [xxUL  870] 

OUT(JH,  JOHN  MATHBW  (1776-1861).  joonuliA; 
eldest  son  of  John  Qutch  [q.  v.] ;  at  Christ's  Bmg» 
with  Coleridge  and  Lamb;  lodged  with  Lamb,  IW: 
removed  to  Bristol,  1803,  and  conducted  '  Felix  Psikp 
Bristol  Journal*  tlU  1844;  prosecuted  for  libtb  m 
George  lY  and  Lord  Lyndhnrst  in  London  'MonriV 
Journal'  1829;  edited  George  Wither's  'Poean,*  ISMi 
and  Robin  Hood  'Ballads,'  1850  and  1867 ;  calkd tbc 
'  Bristol  Junius  *  from  his  '  Letters  of  Ooamo.* 

[xxUL8ni 

OUTOH,  JOHN  WHEELBT  (lOUOH  (18(»-18lt> 
queen*s  messenger;  son  of  John  Mathew  Ontch  [q.  ▼•]• 
edited  >  Literary  and  SdeuUfic  Itagiiter,*  1849-U. 

[xxiiL8n] 


GUTOH 


547 


GUY 


H,  BOBERT  (1777-1861X  dlrine :  tecoxKl  son  of 
Ich  [q.  ▼.] :  fellow  of  Queens*  OoUecre,  0am- 
OS :  JilA^  1804 :  rector  of  Seagrave,  Leicester- 
>-61 ;  potdifhed  anonymooBly  aatiriod  tract  on 
oatboUc  miracle,  1836.  [xxiii.  S71] 

XAO,  Saint  (663  7-714),  of  the  Mercian  royal 
T  a  youth  spent  in  war  entered  monastic  com- 
•  Rqyton;  hermit  in  the  Isle  of  Orowland  for 
in;  Tiaited  by  ^thelbald,  who,  on  becoming 
ereU,  bixUt  orer  his  ihrine  Orowland  Abbey. 

[xxilL  879] 
Xn,  Sm  DAVID  iJL  1479X  lord  treasurer  of 
aberiff  of  Forfanhire,  1457,  and  armour-bearer 
a :  lord  treasurer  of  Scotland,  1461  and  1467  ; 
sr  of  the  hoosehold,  1466 ;  (derk  of  the  register, 
$ter  of  the  roUs,  1469 :  lord  chief- justice,  1473 : 
>Ilegiate  church  at  Guthrie.  [xxiii.  374] 


FRSDBRIOK  (1833-1886),  scientific 
A.  London,  1816 ;  Ph.D.  Marburg,  1864 ;  studied 
laen  at  Heidelberg ;  assisted  Frankland  at  Owens 
d  Playfair  at  Bdinburgh ;  professor  of  chemistry 
sa  in  Boyal  CtoUege,  ManriUus.  1861-7 ;  after- 
feasor  in  the  Normal  School  of  Science,  South 
a  ;  founded  Physical  Society  of  London,  1873 : 
'approach  caused  by  vibration,'  1870,  and 
ates ' :  published  *  Elemente  of  Heat,*  1868,  and 
m  and  Blectricity,'  1873,  and  under  the  pseudo- 
lerick  Gemy,  poems,  *The  Jew*  (1863)  and 
•  (1877).  [xxUi.  874] 

RIE,  QEORGB  JAMES  (1786-1866X  surgeon  ; 
S9ih  in  Panada  as  assistant-surgeon;  in  the 
1806-14 ;  at  Waterloo  performed  several  novel 
i ;  denlinwi  knighthood ;  founded  qre  infirmary 
la  Westminster  Ophthalmic  HoepitalX  1816 : 
»  Weatminster  Hoapital,  1837-48 ;  professor  of 
kod  amgery,  1838-81,  and  preskient  of  OoUege 
la,  1833, 1841,  and  1864 ;  gave  Hnnteriau  oration 
lote,  1830:  pubUshed  'Oommentaries  on  the 
I  the  War'  (1808-16X1863,  with  supplement, 
the  Crimean  war,  1855,  and  separate  treatises 
t  woonda,  on  operative  surgery  of  the  eye,  and 
Sections.  [xxiiL  876] 

BIB  or  6UTHBT,  HENRY  (16007-1676X 
Donkeld ;  M.A.  St.  Andrews,  1680 ;  minister  of 
SSS-48 :  member  of  the  high  commission,  1634  ; 
uidlan  p(4icy  and  took  the  covenant,  but  as  a 
the  general  assembly  opposed  the  *  root  and 
Jbolition  of  episcopacy,  and  favoured  the  'en- 
'  of  1647;  dismissed  as  a  malignant,  but  ad- 
inister  of  Kilspindie,  1666,  and  restored  at 
(61 ;  bishop  ol  Dunkeld,  1666-76 ;  his  *  Memoirs 
I  Aflain,  1637  to  Death  of  Oharles  I '  published 

[xxiii.  376] 


JAMES  (1612?  1661),  presbyterian 
A.  and  regent,  St.  Andrews;  became  presby- 
er  infloenoe  of  Rutherford ;  minister  of  Lauder, 
lember  of  general  assembly,  1644-51 ;  oommis- 
;barle8  I  at  Newcastle,  1646 ;  minister  of  Stir- 
61 ;  excommunicated  Middleton,  1650 ;  deposed 
erne  'protester,'  1651;  named  a  'trier*  by  the 
rivy  council,  1654;  refused  reparation  for  iu- 
I  '  reaolnUons  *  by  Oromwell,  1656 ;  hanged  at 
1  for  contriving  the  'western  remonstrunoe ' 
ing  the  king's  ecclesiastical  authority,  1661 ; 
ier  reversed,  1690.  [xxiiL  377] 


JOHN  (</.  1649),  bishop  of  Moray ;  M.A. 
vs,  1597 ;  minister  successively  of  Kiunel,  Ar- 
rth  (1617),  and  St.  GUes's,  Edinburgh  (1631) ; 
Uoray,  1633-38 ;  preached  before  Charles  I  in 
1633 ;  deposed  and  brought  by  Mouro  to  the 
bo  imprisoned  him  in  the  Tolbootb,  1639 ; 
retire  to  Guthrie.  [xxiiU  379] 

BIE,  THOMAS  (1803-1873X  preacher  and 
pint ;  studied  at  Edinburgh,  subsequently  in 
nister  of  Arbirlot,  1830-7,  Old  Greyfriars, 
k,  1837-40,  St.  John's,  1840-64;  joined  Free 
M3,  followed  by  most  of  his  cougregation ; 
,  1862 :  D.D.  Edinburgh,  1849 ;  the  apostle  of 
oola  ;  platform  speaker  in  cause  of  temperance ; 
r  of  'Sunday  Magazine,'  1864-73;  published 
Ragged  Schools,'  1847- tf,  'Plea  on  behalf  of 
,'  IMl,  and  devotional  works.       [xxiii.  380] 


OUTHBIE,  WILLIAM  (1690-1665X  prtabyterian 
'  divine ;  cousin  of  James  Guthrie  [q.  v.] ;  M.A.  St.  An- 
drews, 1638 ;  minister  of  Fenwick,  Ayrshire  ('  the  fool  of 
Fenwlck'X  1644-64:  army  chaplain  at  Mauohline  Monr, 
1648:  joined  * protestem,'  1651 ;  a  'trier,'  1654;  struggled 
against  episcopticy  after  the  Restoration;  his  *The 
Christian's  Great  Interest'  frequently  reprinted  and 
transUted.  [xxiiL  383] 

OUTHBIE,  WILLIAM  (1708-1770).  author ;  educated 
at  Aberdeen  ;  wrote  reports  for  the  '  Gentleman's  Maga- 
sine,'  r.  1730 ;  obtained  pension  from  Pelham  ministey, 
1745:  published  works,  including 'A  General  History  erf 
the  World,'  1764-7,  and  'Geographical,  Historical,  and 
Commercial  Grammar,'  1770 ;  referred  to  with  respect  by 
Dr.  Johnson.  [xxiii.  388] 

OUTHBTni  or  OTJTHOBM  (</.  890X  king  of  East- 
Anglia;  one  of  the  Danish  Invaders  who  conquered 
Merda,  871,  and  waged  war  with  Alfred:  became 
a  Christian  after  the  battle  of  Ethaudun,  and  by  the 
treaty  of  Wedmore,  878,  was  given  East-Anglia  (including 
Essex  and  London)  as  his  share  of  the  Danish  kingdom  ; 
broke  the  treaty  by  aiding  the  foreign  Norsemen  to 
attack  Wessex,  and  lost  London  and  Western  Essex,  886. 
[xxiiL  884] 

OITTHBY,  HENRY  (1600  7-1676).    [See  Guthrie.] 

OT7T0  Y  6LYN  (Jl.  1430-1468X  Welsh  poet :  domestio 
bard  to  abbot  of  Valle  Oruois  (Glyn  Egwestl):  noade 
triennial  circuits  of  Wales ;  a  hundred  and  nineteen  of 
his  poems  said  to  be  extant.  [xxiiL  385] 

GUTTSRIDOE,  W^ILLIAM  {ft.  1813X  bandmaster  of 
the  62nd :  published  '  The  Art  of  playing  Gutteridge's 
Clarinet,'  1824.  [xxiiL  385] 

OUTTXBIDOB,  WILLIAM  (179H-1872X  violinist  and 
organist;  led  band  of  Brussels  theatre,  1815,  and  after- 
wards at  Birmingham;  member  of  George  IV's  and 
William  IVs  bands ;  organist  of  St.  Peter's,  Brighton,  from 
1828 ;  conductor  and  leader  of  New  Harmonic  Society ; 
formed  one  of  a  quartet  with  King  George  and  the  future 
kings  of  the  Belgians  and  Hanover,  and  accompanied 
Queen  Victoria  in  1887.  [xxUL  885] 

OUY  OF  Warwick,  hero  of  romance ;  reputed  scm  of 
Siward  of  Wallingford ;  when  page  of  Roalt  or  Rohand, 
earl  of  Warwick,  falls  in  love  with  his  daughter  Felice ; 
wins  her  after  fighting  against  the  Saracens  and  slaying 
the  Northumbrian  dragon:  journeys  as  a  palmer  to  the 
Holy  Land,  and  on  his  return  slays  in  single  comliat,  be- 
fore Winchester,  the  Danish  giant  Colbrand :  leads  ascetic 
life  at  Warwick  until  death.  The  story,  current  in  Win- 
chester in  the  fourteenth  century, was  accepted  as  authentic 
by  the  chroniclers  and  was  versified  by  Lydgate,  c.  1450. 
At  Warwick  the  Beauchamp  earls  assumed  descent  from 
Guy,  Earl  Richard  erecting  a  chantry  for  the  repose  of  his 
soul,  1423,  one  of  the  priests  of  which,  John  Rous,  treated 
the  legends  as  authentic,  and  was  followed  by  Dugdale  in 
his '  Warwickshire.'  Samuel  Pegge  ( 1781)  first  showed  their 
unhistorical  character.  The  thirteenth-century  French 
poem  was  first  printed,  1525,  the  English  version  some' 
yeaiv  later.  [xxiiL  886] 

OTTY,  HENRY  (1631-1710),  politician :  admitted  at 
the  Inner  Temple,  1652:  M.A.  Christ  Church,  Oxford, 
1663;  MJ>.  Hedon  (YorkshiraX  1670-95  and  1702-5, 
where  he  erected  a  town  hall,  1693 ;  boon  companion  of 
Charles  U ;  secretary  to  the  treasury,  1679-88  and  1691-5 ; 
sent  to  the  Tower  for  receiving  a  bribe :  granted  the 
manor  of  Great  Tring  and  other  property ;  left  money  to 
William  Pulteney  [q.  v.]  [xxiiL  388] 

GUY,  JOHN  (rf.  1628  ?X  governor  of  Newfoundland  ; 
sheriff,  1605-6,  mayor,  1618-19 :  M.P.,  Bristol,  1620-8 :  pub- 
liifhed  (1609)  appod  for  colouiitation  of  Newfoundland ; 
led  out  a  body  of  planters,  1610  :  wrote  (1612)  account  of 
voyage  to  Trinity  Bay ;  returned  to  BristoL 

[xxUl.  389] 

OUY,  THOMAS  (1645  ?-1724X  founder  of  Guy's  Hos- 
pital; educated  at  Tamwortb;  admitted  to  Stationers' 
Company,  1668 ;  set  up  as  bookseller  in  Loudon,  1668 ; 
one  of  the  Oxford  University  printers,  1679-92 ;  imported 
Dutch  type  and  sold  bibles;  M.P.,  Tamworth,  1695- 
1707 ;  built  Tamworih  town  hall  (1701)  and  founded  an 
almshouse ;  lived  penurious  life,  but  was  liberal ;  fron; 
1704  an  active  governor  of  St.  Thomas's  Hospital :  erieatly 
increased  his  fortune  by  selling  his  South  Sea  stock; 
erected  at  a   cost  of   18,793{.  a  new  hospital  (leaviiig 

vn2 


GWYNNETH 


II.  190] 

OHY,  WILLIAM  AliaCSTna  (ISIO-IBSS),  malim 
ntetlgtlclan :  MiimtBlBiOhnst'iHoipLuliiDlGujy  H«- 
pltnl;  Btndin!  Bl  Heidelberg  isd  PirU:  M.B,  Oimbridge. 
3S3T  :  urornsor  of  fDjmfllc  TntdleiDE  Ht  KtnK'd  OoUrge, 
3S ;  asaLflUnt'pbyiLoUn  at  E1n>f'i  CoJlege 
If,  dcmiat  ibe  [ualtjof  iii«Uoliie,lKiB-BB: 

i1  Smlsty,  ISIl-t;   Tloe-pinddnl  0[  Hojil 
«-: ;  CnoniMi  (IStlX  Liuuleiui  (UU).  ud 


eosplUl.  10 


of  Town 


Dublisha!' Principles  q( 
ODTLDFOBSE,  Sib 


ibnof 

llclne,' ISM.  'Public 

[ixilL  3M] 
(14S6  7-lSOa).    [3» 


OUSOS,  RICHARD  DBBAUPRE 
a  the  HunmrUn  Army ;  aotne  lime  1: 

looredt  la  1818  Bud  mm  Cor  tbc  Hunmrinns  cbe  bUUee 
>f  Sulon  (IMOX  acbewtEhBE  (1818).  KDd  Ihe  pa^s  Dt 
SmiltikOi  nlied  tlie  ilege  ot  Koinorn  (]S(»)  ■ml  de- 
bited tb>  tan  or  Oraitia  it  Hekjh.  IM)  ;  afUc  the 
iiurmderof  GUrgcj  (IHS),  took  «ri[«  with  the  •ultin: 

PadiB.  the  flnt  ChrliUu  to  be  given  a  cniiiniiind  :  dU 


I'- 


ll tbe  Kew  Tetlaioe 


0WAT4B.  WILLIAM  <  I 


'    Upper 
■  ■nlnu 


awILT,  QBOROB,  the  elder  {1746-18071,  " 


OWILT,  GEOBGB,  11 
oit:   »n  or  George  0» 
buUdlng  of  u 


[lllll.  3871 
Bger  (1778-1618),  Qnjtl- 
'  elder   [q.   V.]:   auper- 


•Dd  (grnUiil 
QWILT. 


of  St,  Muy  Overj,  Sonll 
;  P.S.A.,  18U.  [iillL  3971 

JOHN  SBBAHTIAN  (Ull-IBBU),  iroliltect 
JfHDpbDwIlt  [q.T-];  Ukde  druffliigfl  Tor  t^ 


OWILT,  JOSEPH  {17M-IM3I,  »rchll«t  nad  »rchw 
lofiat:  amot  OurKeUuilt  the  elder  [q.  v.]  ^ siLieiiUd it 
at.  FkuI'b  Scbool :  snirejor  ol  Sumj,  lB07-4« :  deaisocd 


iJarkne  OuUe,  Slim,  the  (ppmchH 
BridOTiiod  St.  Thomu'a  Church,  CliarlUH 
M.R,A.a,18Sg:  jmhlUl   •        •  ■   ■■ 


Sclognpbr,'  111,' 
id  -EbCJirlopcilii  rf 
[iiiiLWl 


flWIKKI,  MATTHEW 
MHobiint  T.jlon'  School  m 

OresbBto  'prottmor  at  pbrsia.  Ii8»-190 
dliputfll  belore  Queen  FJiiabetti  (1B8T) 


'The  RevlRoi'ii 

[.ilil.  Ml 
e!T),  pbnlclia  ^  fli 
>'j  Collie,  Oilori; 


- DoUege. 

tumniu   »  Uiplileu  Oollcgc,  lew.  [] 

OWmKET.  muHAlOl  (d.  I717),dr»ini 

■poDiled   KB  'Pjlides'  with    Kllabtth  Tboi 

1173S)  ippeared  bJi  plw  '  Tta  Oounttj  Squire.' 

CpubltsbBlai 


OWTir,  BLEANOR<U»l-iea:).  Ktrea  iDd  mblra 
ot  Oharla  n :  wld  onsen  In  Tbestn  Aoint.  Drat 
Laoe :  flnt  Apptfared  it  DrurT  Luu  u  CjduiA  tt 
Drjden'ii    'Indltn  Emperor.'  lEM;   coiitloDed  u  jiliil 


orinloul  n 
Uigdilen  Btldge.  1773:  huOt  ■]»  U 
a  Bbrewsborj  (flnljliBd,  1774^  and 
(finished,  IIBOJ :  friend  at  Dr.  John* 
■ennl  of  hia  vrcitlne^ ;   prapoal    fi 


ntmblIlAi>C  •• 
[lilli.«1 


a-WTHHB,  JOHN  (Jl,  1««0X  a 

Siaida:  dlitingulibed  lilauiK  In  finl  diU  nri  ■u 
oatroae.ltM.UiddletoD,  lU4.aDdUr  Daln of  lot  U 
Dnnkirk.  1»M  ;  bu  •taument  ot  KiTtes  pBbllBbid<lBII 
'UUItu-y  Umwinal  tbtUnt 


dyU  W.r.- 
QWTirjra, 


KBLL     (1GN-I£87>.       [Sec    ( 


flWYMME,  BOBEltT<j1.  IMl).  [SeeOwiK.] 
avniXETK,  JOHN  (A  <MIX  Bomu  alb^ 
ai'lne  HDd  vuilalM  :  VolIidc.  QilotO,  laX;  recUx  ri 
l^<;noe,  St  Peter,  WeetcbMp  (1141),  ud  TienT  o(  Lain 
1654;  published  trc»ti«B  agUuit  John  Frith"!  meto 
and  'Mj  lore  moumolh'  (lUOX  wiUi  ixheT  mval 
comiiasiUaiui.  lalllKIl 


GYBSON 


549 


HAOKSTON 


[See  QiBSON.] 

CDSRIOK,tbe  elder  (1781 -1869),  entertain- 
r :  with  30.0002.  won  in  «  lottery  estobliabed 
companies :  bought  and  conducted  Yanz- 
1821-40 ;  M  J".,  Chippenham,  18S6-S0. 

[xxiiL  408] 
a>BBIOK,  the  younger  (1810~1878X  direo- 

opera:  >on  of  Frederick  Oye  the  elder 
ad  Jollien  in  promenade  concerts  <d  1846, 
;  manager  at  Ite'ory  Lane,  1847;  leased 
a  for  opera,  1849,  and  as  manager  produced 

*  Rigoletto,*  1863,  and  other  pieces ;  carried 
e  lorceom  till  the  opening  of  new  OoTent 
re,  1858,  where  Fatti  (1861),  Lucca  (1863X 
S73)  made  their  debute,  and  the  first  Wagner 
giTcn,  1876-6;  with  Mapleson  carried  on 
1  and  Her  Majesty's  in  ooujunotion,  1869- 
taUyshoL  Cxxiii.409] 


GTLBY,  OODDRED  (/.  1661).    [See  GilbtO 

GTLE8  or  GILES,  HBNRT  (1640  7-1709),  glasa- 
punter :  friend  of  Ralph  Thor»by  [q.  ▼.]:  revived  pictorial 
glass  work  in  Eni^rland,  c  1689 ;  bis  best-known  work  the 
east  window  of  University  OoUege,  Oxford,   [zxiii.  410] 

GTLS8,  MASOAL  (d.  165S),  dirine ;  ricar  of  Ditch- 
ling,  Sussex,  1621-44,  and  Wartling,  1648-63 ;  published 
against  Thomas  Barton  [q.  v.] ;  his  *  Treatise  against 
Superstitious  Jesu- Worship,*  1648,  and  *  Defense,'  1643. 

[xxUi.411] 

GYBTH  id.  1066),  earl  of  East  Anglia,  1057-66: 
fourth  son  of  Qodwine:  accompanied  Tostig  to  Rome, 
1061 :  probably  with  Harold  at  Stamford  Bridge,  1066 ; 
according  to  the  *  Roman  de  Ron '  adrised  Harold  to 
leave  him  (Gyrth)  to  lead  the  army  against  William  the 
Norman ;  said  to  hare  slain  William's  horse  at  Hastings 
before  being  struck  down  by  him.  [zzliL  411] 


H 


aSODORE  (1606-1690X  transUtor :  bom  at 
ame  to  England,  1635 :  studied  at  Oxford ; 
inrliament  to  translate  *  Dutch  Annotations 
Die  Bible,*  1657;  suggested  idea  of  Royal 
15,  and  became  an  original  member,  1663 ; 

0  High  Dutch  blank  verae  half  of  '  Paradise 

[xxiiL  413] 

Sn  JOHN  FRAN(nS  JULIUS  von  (1834- 
it  and  explorer ;  disoovered  coal-  and  gold- 
"CBt  of  Nebon,  New  analand,  1869 ;  as  sur- 
ci  Oanterbnry  carried  on  ten  years*  explo- 
it discovering  the  Southern  Alps ;  professor 
New  Zealand  university  and  (1866)  founder 
r  Museum ;  FJLS.,  1867  ;  knighted  In  oon- 
Oolonial  Exhibition  of  1885:  published 
.  .  Canterbury  and  Westland,*  1879:  died 

[xxiil.  413] 

lOV,  MATTHEW  (1789-1853X  architect ; 
Eloyal  Academy,  1807-37 :  visited  Jerusalem 
ange  tar  erection  of  Anglican  cathedral ; 
king  of  Pniseia  gold  medal  for  his  '  Ancient 
Hooaes  of  England,*  1836 ;  published  works 

[xxiiL  413] 

ION,  SAMUEL  OSBORNE  (1826-1889X 
odied  at  Ouy*s  Hospital;  M.D.  Loudon, 
sa  to  Guy's  HospitaC  1866-80 ;  lecturer  on 
a,  1856-73,  and  medicine,  1873-7  ;  F.R.O.P., 
an  lecturer,  1876,  Harvelan  orator,  1883, 
ient  of  College  of  Physicians,  1887 ;  presi- 
cm  Medical  Society,  1873 ;  published  works 
the  abdomen,  stomach,  and  liver. 

[xxiiL  413] 
rOV,   ABDTGTON,  or  ABINGOOK,  ED- 
7-1586),  conspirator  in  Babington's  plot; 
oOege,  Oxford,  1574 :  a  leading  conspirator 

1  iriot,  1686 ;  hanged  and  quartered,  denying 

[xxiiL  414] 

rOV  or  ABnrGTON,  THOMAS  (1560- 
ry ;  brother  of  Edward  Habington  [q.  v.] ; 
Dooln  College,  Oxford,  Paris,  and  Rhelms ; 
r  complicity  in  Babington's  plot,  1586 ;  con- 
is  boose  secret  chambers  and  hid  Jesuits ; 
aing  Monteagle  of  Gunpowder  plot  said  to 
.tten  by  his  wife ;  published  translation  of 
ad  1641 :  his  ofdlectious  for  history  of  Wor- 
3ed,  1717  and  1723.  [xxUL  414] 

X>V,  WILLIAM  (1605-1654),  poet:  son  of 
igtoo  [q.  v.] :  educated  in  France ;  married 
,  dai^hter  of  William,  first  baron  Fowls, 
sbcated  ad  ^Castara,*  1634;  published  also 
of  Arragon*  (tragi-comedy),  1640,  and  two 
'ks.  *Castara'  was  reprinted  by  Arber, 
eene  of  Arragon  *  is  in  XXxlsl^'s  collection. 

[xxlu.  415] 
ARIA  (ins  7-1844),  writer  of   children's 
ag  *  Grecian  Stories'  (1819)  and  *  English 
1835).  Czxiii.  416] 


»,  FRANCIS  (d.  1660X  regicide ;  captured  at 
Melton  Mowbray,  1643,  and  again  at  fall  of  Leicester, 
1645  ;  commanded  parliamentarian  left  wing  at  royalist 
defeat  at  Willoughby  Field,  1648 ;  commanded  regiment 
in  Scottish  war  under  Cromwell ;  charged  with  custody 
of  Charles  I  at  Westminster  Hall ;  supervised  Charles  I's 
execution  :  supported  protectorate ;  followed  Haslerig  in 
opposition  to  the  army,  1659  ;  hanged  as  regicide. 

[xxiii.  416] 
HAOKST,  GEORGE  (d.  1756).    [See  Halket.] 

HAOBZT,  JAMES  THOMAS  (1805  7-1876),  astro- 
loger :  author  of  *  Student's  Assistant  in  Astronomy  and 
Astrology,*  1836 ;  contributed  statistical  tables  to  Hera- 
path's  *  Railway  and  Commercial  JoumaL*    [xxiii.  418] 

HAOKBT,  JOHN  (1599-1670),  bishop  of  Coventry 
and  Lichfield ;  educated  at  Westminster  and  Trinity  Col- 
lege, Cambridge;  chaplain  to  Lord-keeper  Williams; 
incumbent  of  St.  Andrew's,  Holbom,  1624-45,  and  Cheam, 
Surrey,  1634  ;  chaplain  to  James  I,  1628 ;  preboidary  of 
Lincoln,  1638 ;  arohdeaoon  of  Bedford,  1681 ;  attempted 
to  moderate  Laud's  zeal;  as  member  of  committee  of 
religion  made  able  speech  before  Commons  in  defence  of 
deans  and  chapters,  1641 ;  after  the  Restoration  resumed 
preaching  at  St.  Paul's  as  canon  residentiary ;  bishop  of 
Coventry  and  Lichfield,  1661-70;  restored  Lichfield  Ca- 
thedral, partly  at  his  own  expense ;  bequeathed  money  to 
Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  and  hiJB  books  to  the  univer- 
sity ;  chief  worlc, '  Scrinia  Reserata '  (first  published,  1693), 
a  life  of  Archbishop  Williams.  [xxiiL  418] 

HAOKET,  HAOdUET,  or  HEOdUST,  JOHN- 
BAPTIST  (d.  1676),  theologian ;  originally  a  Dominican 
of  Cashd ;  teacher  at  Milan,  Naples,  and  Rome,  where  he 
died ;  published  theological  works.  [xxiii.  420] 

HAOKET,  ROGER  (1559-1621X  divine;  of  Winches- 
ter and  New  College,  Oxford ;  fellow,  1577  ;  M.A.,  1588 ; 
D.D.,  1596 ;  rector  of  North  Crawley,  Buckinghamshire, 
1590-1621.  [xxiU.  420] 

HAOKET,  WILLIAM  (d.  1591),  fanatic:  announced 
mission  to  prepare  the  way  for  the  Messiah  :  imprisoned 
for  reviling  Queen  Elizabeth ;  with  Edmund  Coppiuger 
[q.  v.]  proposed  to  dethrone  the  queen  and  abolish  epi- 
scopacy ;  after  riot  in  Cheapside  was  tried  and  executed. 

[xxiiL  421] 

HAOKMAK,  ALFRED  (1811-1874),  sub-librarian  at 
the  Bodleian,  1862-73;  precentor  of  Christ  Church, 
Oxford,  1841-73,  vicar  of  St.  Paul's,  1844-71;  published 
*  Catalogue  of  Tanner  MSS.'  in  the  Bodleian,  1860. 

[xxliL  422] 

HAOKMAK,  JAMES  (1762-1779),  murderer;  lieu- 
tenant in  army,  1776;  incumbent  of  Wiveton,  Norfolk, 
1779;  fell  in  love  with  Martha  Ray,  mistress  of  Lord 
Sandwich,  and  on  her  refusal  to  marry  him  shot  her 
outside  (Movent  Garden  Theatre.  [xxiiL  432] 

HAOKSTON  or  HALKEB8T0KS,  DAVID  (cT.  1680). 
covenanter ;  present  at  Archbishop  Sharp's  murder,  1679 : 
fied  to  the  west  and  helped  to  draw  up  the '  Declaration 


HAOOMBLSN 


550 


HADBIAN 


and  TesUmony/  1679;  one  of  the  leaden  at  Dramclog 
and  Bothwell  Brigg,  1679  ;  captured  at  Aird's  Mos8  and 
executed  at  Edinburgh.  [xxiiL  123] 

HAOOMBLEK,  ROBERT  (d.  15S8X  provoet  of  King's 
College,  Cambridge ;  educated  at  Eton  and  King's  College, 
Cambridge ;  D J).  Cambridge,  1507 ;  vicar  of  Prraoot, 
Lancashire,  1498 ;  provoet  of  King's  College,  Cambridge, 
1509-28 ;  gave  the  brass  loctem  still  in  use,  aod  fitted  up 
chantry  on  south  side,  where  he  is  buried,     [xxiil.  433] 

HADOAH,  ARTHUR  WEST  (1816-1873),  ecclesias- 
tical historian;  B.A.  Trinity  CoUege,  Oxford,  1837; 
fellow,  1839;  M.A. ;  Johnson  theological  scholar,  1839; 
curate  to  Newman  at  St.  Mary's,  1841-2;  one  of  the 
secretaries  of  Gladstone's  election  committee,  1847 ;  vice- 
president.  Trinity  College,  Oxford ;  incumbent  of  Barton- 
on-the-Heath,  Warwickshire,  1857-73  ;  published  editions 
of  the  works  of  Archbishop  Bramhall  and  of  H.  Thomdike 
in  Anglo-Oatholic  library,  *  Rationalism  '(reply  to  Mark 
Pattison),  1862,  *  Apostolical  Succession  in  the  Church  of 
England,'  1869,  and  with  Bishop  Stnbbs,  *  Councils  and 
Ecclesiastical  Documenttt,*  1869-73  ;  his '  Remains '  edited, 
1876.  [xxiii.  424] 

HASDAH,  THOMAS  HENRY  (1814-1873X  barrister 
and  first  editor  of  the  'Guardian*;  brother  of  Arthur 
We»t  Haddan  [q.  v.];  M.A.  Brasenose  College,  Oxford, 
1840 :  fellow  of  Exeter  College,  Oxford,  1837-43  ;  Yiuer- 
lan  fellow,  1847 ;  B.C.L.,  1844 ;  barrister.  Inner  Temple, 
1841;  equity  draughtsman;  projected  ami  first  edited 
*  Guardian,'  1846 ;  published  works,  including  *  Outlines 
of  Administrative  Jurisdiction  of  the  Court  of  Chancery,' 
1863 ;  died  at  Yichy.  [xxiiL  425] 

HASDEH,  JAMES  MURRAY  (d.  1817),  surveyor- 
general  of  the  ordnance ;  distinguished  himsdf  as  an 
artillery  officer  with  Burgoync  in  Canada:  captured  at 
Saratoga,  1777 ;  adjutcmt-general  in  Portugal,  1797 ; 
secretary  to  Richmond  when  master-geMeral  of  ordnance, 
1794-5 ;  surveyor-general  of  ordnance,  1804-10 ;  colond, 
1806  ;  major-general,  1811 ;  his  'Journal  *  of  1776  printed 
at  Albany,  New  York,  188t.  [xxiii.  426] 

EADDSNSTOV,  JAMES  (d.  1443).    [See  Halokn- 

8TOUN.] 

HADDIVOTON,  Eablb  of.  [See  Haicilton,  Sib 
Thomas,  first  Eahl,  1563-1687;  Hamilton,  Thomas, 
second  Earl,  1600-1640 ;  Hamilton,  Thomas,  sixUi  Earl, 
1680-1736  :  Hamilton,  Thomas,  ninth  Earl,  1780-1858.] 

HASDDrOTON,  Yihcount  (1580  7-1636).  [See 
Ramsay,  Sir  John.] 

HADDOCK.    [See  also  Haydock.] 

HADDOCK, NICHOLAS (1686-1746), admiral:  second 
son  of  Sir  Richard  Haddock  [q.  v.] :  distinguished  himself 
as  midshipman  at  destruction  of  Franoo-Spani^  fleet  at 
Vigo,  17U2 ;  lieutenant  at  relief  of  BaroeuMia,  1706 ;  as 
captain  of  the  Ludlow  Castle,  1707,  recaptured  the 
Nightingale  in  North  Sea  ;  led  attack  at  Cape  Passaro, 
1718:  commander  at  the  Nore,  1733;  as  commander-in- 
chief  in  Mediterranean,  1738-42,  blockaded  Spanish  coast 
and  took  valuable  prises ;  vice-admiral,  1741 ;  admiral  of 
the  blue,  1744 ;  M.P.,  Rochester,  1734-46.      [xxiU.  426] 

HADDOCK,  Sir  RICHARD  (1629-1715).  admiral; 
took  part  in  attack  on  Vlie  and  Schelling,  1666 ;  com- 
manded Sandwich's  flagship,  the  Royal  James,  in  battle 
of  Sulebay,  1672,  afterwards  Prince  Rupert's  flagship,  the 
Royal  Charltti ;  knighted,  1675 ;  commander  at  the  Nore. 
1683 ;  commissioner  of  victualUng,  1683-90  ;  admiral  and 
joint  commander-in-chief,  1690;  afterwards  comptroller 
of  the  navy.  [xxiii.  427] 

HADDON,  JAMES  (/.  1556),  divine:  M.A.  Cam- 
bridge, 1544;  original  fellow  of  Trinity  College,  Cam- 
bridge, 1546;  chaplain  to  Duke  of  Suffolk  and  tutor  to 
Lady  Jane  Grey,  c.  1551 ;  dean  of  Exeter,  1553 ;  one  of 
the  protectant  disputcmts  on  the  real  presence,  1553; 
went  to  Strosburg.  1554.  [xxiii.  428] 

HADDON,  WALTER  (1516-1573),  civilian  ;  brother 
of  James  Haddon  [q.  v.];  educated  at  Eton  and  King's 
College,  Cambridge;  B.A.,  1537:  D.G.L.,  1549;  vice- 
chancellor,  1549-50:  regius  professor  of  civil  law,  1551 : 
luiuster  of  Trinity  Hall,  1553 ;  engaged  with  Cbeke  in 


reform  of  ecclesiastical  laws ;  president,  Mtgdakn  Ool- 
lege,  Oxford,  1558-3 ;  M.P.,  Thetford,  1558;  on  aooemn 
of  Eliaabeth  named  master  of  requests,  commteknxr  for 
visitation  of  Cambridge  and  Eton,  eodeslastical  oauai- 
sioner,  and  judge  of  prerogative  court ;  employed  in  oob> 
mercial  negotiations  vrith  Flanders,  1565-6;  member  «( 
parliamentary  committee  to  petition  Queen  EUabetit  t» 
marry,  1666 ;  defended  the  Reformatian  against  OMiiodft 
Fonseca;  published,  with  Cbdns,  *  Reformatio  LigSM 
EodesiastiGarum,'  1571.  His  '  Laoabratiomss '  (el  T. 
Hatcher,  1567)  contains  Latin  letters  and  orations. 

[xxiiL4»] 
HADSHHAM,  EDMUND  of  (A  1S07X  ohraokte: 
monk  of  Rochester ;  work  ascribed  to  him  by  Lsmbsid 
printed  in  Wharton's  *  Anglia  Sacra,*  169L   [xxiiL  4St] 

HADFIELD,  CHARLES  (1821-18841  joonalitf: 
edited  '  Manchester  City  News,'  186»-7,  *  Waningtoa  Ex- 
aminer,' and  *  Salford  Weekly  News,*  1880-S. 

[xxiiL  4SI] 

HADFIELD,  GEORGE  (<t  18S6X  «n!>utect ;  broite 
of  Mrs.  Maria  Cecilia  Louisa  Cosway  [q.  v.] ;  travdUat 
student  of  Royal  Academy  ;  at  Rome,  1790 ;  exhibitad  is 
1795  drawing  for  a  restoration  of  the  temple  at  Palestxias, 
and  drawings  of  the  temples  of  Mars  and  Jupiter  TmsBi, 
and  an  interior  of  St.  Peter's ;  dwrfgned  boildUigs  in  Wash- 
ington :  died  in  America.  [xziiL  433] 

HADFIELD,  GEORGE  (1787-1879X  poUtidan:  radi- 
cal M.P.  for  Shef&dd,  1858-74 ;  introdnoed  measnns  for 
registration  of  judgments  and  for  abolition  of  qoalifies- 
Uons  for  of&oes,  1866 :  took  part  in  form^on  of  Aati- 
Comlaw  League  and  (1840)  establishment  of  the  Laooi- 
shire  Independent  College;  edited  charity  oommii^oo 
rep<nrts,  1889,  and  other  works.  [xxiiL  413] 

HADFIELD,  MATTHEW  ELLISON  (1818-18SI), 
architect:  with  his  son  Ohaiies  designed  8^  Uuft, 
SbefBeld,  the  Roman  catholic  cathedral  at  Salfoid:  on- 
ployed  by  four  dukes  of  Norfolk.  [xxiii.  431] 

HADFIELD,  WILLIAM  (1806-I887X  writer  os 
Brazil ;  secretary  to  Buenos  Ay  res  Great  Southern  Baflnj 
and  South  American  Steam  Navigati<ni  Company :  editor 
(1863-87)  of  *  South  American  Journal  * ;  published  varb 
on  Brazil  and  the  River  Plate  (1864  and  1869)l 

[xxtiL4S4j 

HADHAir,  EDMUND  op,  Barl  OF  Richmond  (1410  ?- 
1466X    [See  Tddor.] 


GEORGE  (1685-1768),  scienUfic  writer; 
brother  of  John  Hadley  (1688-1744)  [q.  v.] ;  of  Pemtnb 
College,  Oxford,  and  Lincoln's  Inn ;  barrister,  1709 ;  F3£, 
1735;  formulated  present  theory  of  trade  winb;  pab- 
lished  also  '  Account  and  Abstract  of  the  Meteorolagiail 
Diaries   communicated  for  1789    and    1730*   to  Rqval 

uii.4M] 


Society. 


[xxiii. 


HADLEY,  GEORGE  id.  1798X  orientalist ;  serrod  ii 
East  India  Company's  army,  1768-71 ;  published  ^Giaa- 
matical  Remarks '  on  Moors  (dialect  of  HindnstaniX  ^^ 
vocabulary  (4th  edit.  1796),  and  on  Fenian,  with  focs- 
bulary  (1776).  [xxiil  4»] 

HADLST,  JOHN  (1688-17441  mathematidaa  ai 
scientific  mechanibt;  wrote  advanced  matbtiaatifl 
papers  for  Royal  Society;  F.RB.,  1717;  vice-pieridflt. 
Royal  Society,  1788  ;  invented  first  serviceable  lefleotiil 
telescope,  1719-80 ;  his  reflecting  quadrant  teBtel  ^ 
admiralty,  and  furUier  improved,  1734.  [xzUL  431] 

HADLEY,  JOHN  (1731-1764X  professor  of  cbemittr; 
at  Cambridge;  nephew  of  John  Hadley  (1682-1744) 
[q.  v.]  ;  fifth  wrangler  and  fellow  of  Queens*  Cwlege,  Ooi"* 
bridge,  1753;  M.A.,  1766;  professor  of  chemistry,  17W: 
M.D.,  1768;  F.R8.,  1758;  F.R.O.P.,  1763;  phyridtB  » 
Charterhouse,  1763 ;  intimate  with  Thomas  GiajF  Q^^ 
1771)  [q.v.]  [xxiU.4»l 

HADOW,  JAMES  (1670  ?-1747X  *  the  Detector*;  pro- 
fessor of  divinity  at  St  Mary's  0>llsge,  St.  Andiewv,  IM 
principal,  1707;  published  theological  treatises,  inclndi* 
*  Antinomianism  of  the  Marrow  of  Modem  Divini? 
detected,*  1781.  [xxiii.  437] 

HADRIAN  IV  (d.  1159).    [See  Adrian  IY.] 

HAD&IAK  DK  Oastsllo  (1460  ?-U8l  ?).  [&" 
Adrian  ok  Castkllo.] 


HAKEWILIi 


552 


HATiFiS 


HAKEWILL,  WILLIAJf  (1574-1665),  legal  anti- 
quary :  brother  of  George  Hakewill  [q.  v.] ;  M.P^ 
Bossiney,  1601«  MlcbelU  1604-11.  Tregony,  1614-S8,  and 
Amersbam,  1638-9  ;  kinaman  and  executor  of  Sir  Thomas 
Boilley ;  MA.  Oxford,  1613 ;  member  of  commission  to 
revis»e  the  laws,  1614.;  solicitor-general  to  James  I's 
queeu,  1617  ;  bencher  of  Lincoln's  Inn ;  master  of  chan- 
cery, 1647 ;  chief  works,  *  Libertie  of  the  Subject  against 
the  pretended  Power  of  Imposition,*  1641,  and  'The 
Manner  how  Statutes  are  enacted  in  Parliament,*  1641. 

[xxiv.  10] 

HAXLTTTT,  RIOHARD  (1553 7-1616),  geographer; 
of  Westminster  and  Christ  Ohuroh,  Oxford  :  Mjk.,  1577  ; 
published  'Divers  Voyages  touching  the  Discovery  of 
America,'  1588 ;  chaplain  to  Sir  Edward  Stafford,  ambas- 
sador at  Paris,  1583-8;  prebendary  of  Bristol,  lt»86: 
rector  of  Wetheringsett,  1590 ;  archdeacon  of  Westmin- 
ster, 1603 :  a  chief  adventurer  in  the  South  Virginian  Oom- 
pany;  buried  in  Westminster  Abbey;  his  'Prlncipali 
Navigations,  Volages,  and  Discoveries  of  the  Bnglish 
Nation,'  Issued,  1589,  and  (much  enUrged)  3  vols.  1598- 
1600  :  published  also  'A  notable  History,  containing  four 
Voyages  made  by  certain  French  Captains  into  Florida,* 
1587,  and  translations.  [xxiy.  11] 

HALOOMB,  JOHN  (1790-185SX  serjeant-at-law; 
barrister.  Inner  Temple ;  M.P.,  Dover,  1831-5  :  published 
'Practical  Treatise  on  passing  Private  Bills,'  1836. 

[xxiv.  12] 

HALOAHE,  DANIBL  RUTHBRFORD  (1824-1887), 
physician:  son  of  James  Alexander  Haldane  [q.  v.]; 
M.D.  Edinburgh,  1848 ;  president,  Edinburgh  College  of 
Physicians ;  LL.D.  at  tercentenary  of  Edinburgh  Uni- 
versity, [xxiv.  13] 

HALDAKE,  JAMBS  ALEXANDER  (1768-1851X 
religious  writer;  made  voyages  to  India  and  China  as 
midshipman  on  an  East  Indiaman  ;  first  oongregational 
minister  in  Scotland,  1799 :  founded  Society  for  Propa- 
gating the  Gospel  at  Home,  1797;  baptist,  1808;  took 
part  in  most  contemporary  religious  controversies :  pub- 
M^heA  journal  of  his  first  evangelistic  tour,  and  devotional 
works.  [xxiv.  18] 

HALDAKE,  ROBERT  (1764-I842X  religious  writer ; 
brother  of  James  Alexander  Haldane  [q.  v.]  ;  spent  largely 
in  founding  and  endowing  tabernacle  and  seminaries ; 
co-operated  with  his  brother  at  Edinburgh:  carried  on 
evangelistic  work  in  Geneva  and  southern  France,  1816- 
1819;  from  1824  attacked  British  and  Foreign  Bible 
Society  for  circulating  the  Apocrypha ;  publlsbed  *  Evi- 
dences and  Authority  of  Divine  Revelation,'  1816,  and 
'  Exposition  of  the  Epistle  to  the  Romans,'  1835-9. 

[xxiv.  14] 

HALDAHS.  ROBERT  (1772-1854),  divine:  named 
after  Robert  Haldane  (1764-1842)  [q.  v.];  professor  of 
mathematics  at  St.  Andrews,  1807-20:  principal  of  St. 
Mary's,  and  primarius  of  divinity,  1820-64 ;  moderator  of 
general  assembly,  1827,  and  at  the  disruption. 

[xxiv.  16] 

HALDENSTOXnr  or  SASOENSTOV,  JAMBS  (d. 
1443),  prior  of  St.  Andrews,  1418 ;  member  of  James  I's 
embassy  to  Rome,  1425.  [xxiv.  16] 

HALDIKAND,  Sm  FREDERICK  (1718-1791),  lieu- 
tenant-general ;  of  Swiss  birth ;  some  years  in  Dutch 
service ;  lieutenant-colonel,  62nd  royal  Americans  (king's 
royal  rifle  corps),  1756,  afterwanls  commanding  it  as 
60th  foot:  distinguished  at  Tioonderoga,  1758,  and 
Oswego,  1759  ;  with  Amherst's  expedition  against  Mont- 
real, 1760 ;  commanded  in  Florida,  1766-78 :  governor 
and  commander-in-chief  of  Canada,  1778-85 ;  died  at 
Yverdun;  his  correspondence  (1758-86)  in  British 
Museum.  [xxiv.  16] 

HALDIXAin),  WILLIAM  (1784-1862X  philan- 
thropist: grand-nephew  of  Sir  Frederick  Haldimand 
[q.  v.] ;  a  director  of  the  Bank  of  England ;  M.P.,  Ipswich, 
1820-6 ;  gave  pecuniary  support  to  cause  of  Greek  in- 
dependence; founded  Hortense  Hospital,  Aix-lo-Bains, 
and  a  blind  asylum  at  Lausanne ;  died  at  Denantou. 

[xxiv.  17] 

HALE,  Sir  BERNARD  (1677-1729X  judge ;  barrister, 
Gray's  Inn,  1704  :  lord  chief  baron  Irish  exchequer,  1722 ; 
puisne  l)aron  of  English  exchequer  and  knighted,  1726. 

[xxiv.  17] 


HALE,  BERNARD  (/.  1773),  general;  soo  o(  g'r 
Bernard  Hale  [q.  v.]  ;  governor  of  Chelsea  Hospital,  1771; 
Heutenant-general  of  the  ordnance.  [x  xir.  17] 

HALE,  HORATIO  (1817-1896X  anthropologirt;  bon 
at  Newport,  New  Hampshire,  United  States :  M.A.  Em- 
vard ;  ethnologist  and  philologist  to  exploring  expditiB 
under  Captain  WUkes,  1838-42 ;  admitted  toCbici^  Inr, 
1856 ;  resided  at  Clinton,  Ontario.  1856-96 :  rapenM 
anthropological  work  of  British  Association  in  Csiadia 
North-west  and  British  Columbia ;  pobUsbed,  IKO,  vittt 
translation  and  introduction,  'Iroquois  Book  of  Bitot' 
(1714-36X  the  only  literary  American-Indian  work  extant, 
and  anthropological  writings.  [Suppl.  iL  171] 

HALE,  JOHN  (d.  1806X  general ;  son  of  Sir  Bmtri 
Hale  [q.  v.]  [xxiv.  18] 

HALE.  Sir  MATTHEW  (1609-1676X  jodge  :  o(  Ma^ 
dalen  Hall,  Oxford,  and  Lincoln's  Inn ;  counsel  for  8r 
John  Bramston  (1641)  and  Archbishop  Land  (IMS)  m 
impeachment :  counsel  for  Lord  Macguire,  1641,  and  tkr 
eleven  members  accused  by  Fairfax,  1646:  deinfci 
James,  duke  of  HamilUm,  1649 :  said  to  have  tendered  Ui 
serriocs  to  Charles  I;  took  the  oath  to  the  Qaaatat- 
wealth,  but  defended  Christopher  Love  [q.  v.^  1611: 
member  of  committee  for  law  reform,  1652 ;  serjeaat^ 
law,  1654 ;  justice  of  common  pleas,  1664 :  M.P.,  Gloo- 
oeatershire,  1664,  and  in  Convention  parliamait(1660Xfor 
Oxford  University,  1669;  prominent  in  the  cunreutios: 
lord  chief  baron  of  the  exchequer,  1660 ;  knightel,  IM9: 
member  of  special  court  to  adjadicate  on  questiou  if 
property  arising  out  of  the  fire  at  1666 :  presided  at  ooa* 
viction  of  two  women  for  witchcraft,  1662 :  cDdeavoaral 
to  mitigate  severity  of  conventicle  acts,  and  to  formi 
'  comprehension  * ;  lord  chief- justice  of  king's  bendi,  1171 ; 
friend  of  Baxter  and  Sdden  and  of  the  latiUiriinsyitt 
bishops :  published  two  scientific  works  answered  bf 
Henry  More  [q.  v.]  His  posthumous^  works  indude  'Ooa- 
templatlons,  Moral  and  Divine,*  'Pleas  of  the  Crovn,' 
1678,  'The  Primitive  Origination  of  Mankind  GonsidemL' 
'  Historia  Plaoitorum  Coronas '  (ordered  by  pariiameot  t» 
be  printedX  and  'The  Judgment  of  the  late  Lord  CUrf 
Justice  of  the  Nature  of  True  Religion,'  edited  tqr  Baxtv. 
1684;  *  Works  Moral  and  Religious,'  edited  by  Bev.  T. 
Thiriwall,  1806.  [xxiv.  18] 

HALE,  RICHARD  (1670-1728).  physician;  ILA. 
Trinity  College,  Oxford,  1695 ;  F.R.aP.,  1716 ;  gave  M«. 
to  the  Royal  College  of  Physicians  library :  bis  HamitB 
oration  on  English  medieval  physicians  published,  17% 

[xxiv.  94] 

HALE,  WARREN  6T0RMES  (1791-1872),  kxdoiior 
of  London ;  master  of  Tallow  Ohandtera*  Company,  liftt 
and  1861 ;  alderman  of  London,  1856 ;  sberifl,  18164: 
lord  mayor,  1864-5:  chief  founder  of  City  of  Loodoi 
School  on  the  old  foundation  of  John  Carpenter  (1370  ^ 
1441?)[q.  v.]  [xxiv.ll] 

HALE,  WILLIAM  HALE  (1795-1870),  diviae  ui 
antiquary ;  educated  at  Charterhouse  and  Grid  Oolhii. 
Oxford ;  M.  A.,  1820 :  domestic  chaplain  to  Bishop  Bta* 
field,  1821;  prebendary  of  St.  Paul's,  1829-40;  atk- 
deacon  of  St.  Albans,  1840-2,  and  of  Loodaa.  IM: 
master  of  the  Charterhouse,  1842-70:  edited  (1868) 'Ik 
Domesday  of  St.  Paul's  of  1222,'  icc^  the  *EpMn^ 
Bishop  HaU '  (1840),  and  *  InsUtutiones  pise,'  ascribed  t» 
Bishop  Andrewes ;  published  also  accounts  of  Ohsitv- 
house  and  Christ's  Hospital.  [xxiv.  Sf] 

HALES,    ALBXANDBR  of  (d.  1S46X    [See  Am- 

ANDER.] 

HALES,  Sir  CHRISTOPHER  (d.  1541),  maslerof  tli 
rolls ;  ancient  of  Gray's  Inn,  1616 ;  M.P.,  CantertMiy. 
1528 ;  solicitor-general,  1525 ;  attorney-general,  liM: 
preferred  indictment  against  Wolsey,  1529 :  joitioe  d 
assise,  1632 ;  conducted  proceedings  against  Move,  Ffdcr, 
and  Anne  Boleyn,  1585  ;  granted  church  lands  in  Kot 

[xxiv.ll] 

HALES,    Sir  EDWARD,  baronet,  titolar  Babl  or 
Tentbrdrn  (d.  1695) ;  at  University  College,  Oxford,  vaiB 
Obodlah  Walker  [q.  v.] ;  professed  himself  a  papirt,  lOS: 
convicted  for  having  acted  as  colood  of  root  witfesrii 
taking  the  statutory  oaths  and  the  saorament,  but  hk 
plea  of  the  king's  dispensation  allowed  by  Mng^  bocku 
1686 ;  lieutenant  of  the  Tow^ ;  dismissed,  1688 ;  vtvtA 
while  with  James  II  at  Faversham  and  imprisooed :  smt 
to  St.  Germain,  1690 ;  received  a  JaooWte  title,  1691 

[xxtv.f71 


HALZBITBTON 


EB  or  HATLES.  JOHN  (i.  IS'l),  «i 
nkpn  to  Henrj  Vni,  Bdwud  VI,aD_  _ 
i  bij  gnmt  ol  at  Jobii-a  Hwpltal,  Oova 


n  pAmphlel  amrml 


rntlon  of  HeAJtb,'  f. 


S,  JOH!f(rf.lM«J.    [B«H*TI*.) 


IS,  TBOHAg  (j(.  IIH).  Pnuicl>cu) ;  1 


rtroi  IS60).  ■!«.  BTjKiem 


rrintty  CodeicE,  DaUln.  i: 


1T9*-1(W0;  F.B.C.P, 


KALFVEflSV.    1  ,  _„ 

Ijf.  IIBIX  oradllal  vrltb  tnyentlon  o  _ 

by  Idturawttod  c*  ■traiKbt  lliie>;  pabli»bHl  •Pntqllotl 
Archileetnre,"  "Djeful   ArohiWrtare,'   i;61,  ■Oeonwwj, 


OD  Ooilp  from  Mk  PemMi,  17 


MALaVKTOM,  GBOROB  (10ig-l«(),  bluhop  ol 
'unlreia :  gndmitai  aC  King'a  Odlcge.  Abonken,  1«U  i 
Ltemtai  ScoCh  «rair  it  NewcBlle.  lUJ;  depgKil  fma 
itntBtiT  For   liDldlng  ammniiUMtlDn   wltb    HontnH, 


HAUBUXTOK,    OEOROB  i 
Ahradepa;  UJi,.  St.  ApiLrewn,164 

or  fJoapor-Aogiu,  lB4d^  biabop  di  urvcaiD.  li&7D-)f3.  ol 
Abiiiiieai,  1681-V;  coDduoCed  episcopal  lei-viFu  at  Now- 
tjlc,  lflBtl-1710.  [MlT.U] 

HAUBUKTOir,   formerlj  BUBTOM,  JAttES  (ITBS- 
IMSJ,  Egyptolngiit ;  >LA.  Tridltj  ColUga  CmDbndgB, 


a    [q. 


unrkel  wllh  Jo»pb  U 

It  John  OaTdnel   WUki 

1  Efupttmc*'  prescnlal  u 


HAUlirKTDtr.  THOUAS  (IG74-IT1!>  [|iw  HlLT- 
HALmTRTOW,  THOMAS  OHAKDi.KR  {I7M-1EMX 

Itel-itutln  In  Non'scolia  ot  codidwd  plan,  ISW-ui 

I  Eiutland  ;  ilS'., 

lick  '  (iei7,  1838.  a 

UD  sliirh  lu  Engl&nd.'  IKt3-l,  bi^l^Ea  tiro  booki  nn  Not 
[iilr.tf] 


'Udl  UtoI 

IHW-M  ;  I).CJ~  OxtorA, 
ijiagK  and  Dnlngi  of  Bud 


554 


HAT.T. 


HALIDAY,  ALEXANDER  HENRY  (17387-1809), 
physician  and  politician  ;  son  of  Samuel  HsJiday  [q.  ▼.] : 
physician  at  Belfast ;  saved  Belfast  from  destruction  by 
*  Hearts  of  Steel*  rioters,  1770;  corresponded  with 
Obarlemont.  [zxir.  46] 

HALIOAY,  CHARLES  (1789-1866X  antlqnary; 
brother  of  William  Haliday  [q.  ▼.] ;  secretory  of  Dnblin 
chamber  of  commerce,  director  of  Bank  of  Ireland,  and 
consul  for  Greece;  published  pamphlets  on  social  sub- 
jects, harbour  and  lighthouse  reform,  Ac:  hifl*Soandi- 
navian  Kingdom  of  Dublin  *  edited  by  J.  P.  Prendergast, 
1881.  [xziy.  46] 

HAIIBAT  or  HOLLTDAY,  SAMT7EL  (1686-1739X 
Irish  non-subscribing  divine :  graduated  at  Olasgow : 
ordained  at  Geneva,  1708 ;  chaplain  to  Stoots  Oameronians 
in  Flanders ;  when  minister  at  Belfost  refused  to  subscribe 
Westmiuftter  confession,  1790,  defending  his  conduct  in 
'Reasons  against  Imposition  of  Subscription . .  .,*  &C.,  1794.] 

[xxiv.  46] 

HALIDAY,  WILLIAM  (1788-1819).  Irish  gramma- 
rian ;  learnt  Irish  from  three  Munstmnen  in  Dublin  :  a 
founder  of  the  Gadic  Society  of  Dublin,  1807  :  published, 
as  *Edmond  O'Ckmnell,'  'Uraicecbt  naGaedhilge' (Irish 
grammar),  1808,  and  vol.  L  of  a  translation  of  Keating's 
'  History  of  Ireland,*  1811.  [xxiv.  47] 

HALIFAX,  MARQUif^Es  of.  [See  Savile,  Sir  Gborob, 
1633-1695:  Satils,  William,  second  Marquih,  1665- 
1700.] 

HALIFAX,  Earls  op.  [Sec  Montaou,  Oharlbb, 
first  earl  of  second  creation,  1661-1715 :  Dunk,  Gkorob 
Montagu,  first  earl  of  third  creation,  1716-1771.] 

HALIFAX,  first  Yisoount  (1800-1886).    [See  Wood, 

Sir  0HARLE3B.] 


.,  JOHN  (A  1930).    [See  Holywood.] 

L8T0N,  PETER  (d.  1833  ?),  Scottish  lawyer : 
hon.  LL.D. ;  bailie  of  Hblyrood  Abbey :  published '  Treatise 
on  the  History,  Law,  and  Privileges  of  Holyrood  House,* 
1831,  and  several  legal  works.  [xxiv.  47] 

HALXEB8T0KE,    DAVID  {d.  1689).     [See  Hack- 

8T0X.] 

HALKET,  ELIZABETH,  afterwards  Lady  Wari>- 
i^w  (1677-1797).    [See  Wardlaw.] 

HALKET,  GEORGE  (d.  1766),  Scottish  song-writer : 
schoolmaster  and  session-clerk  of  Rathen,  1714-95,  an<l 
Gaimbulg,  1796-60:  published  works,  including  'Occa- 
sional Poems  upon  several  Subjects,*  1797,  two  ballads 
entitled  *  Logic  o*  Buchan,*  and  '  Whirry  Whigs,  Awa* 
Man  * ;  *  Dialogue  between  the  Devil  and  George  II*  also 
ascribed  to  him.  [xxiv.  48] 

HALKETT,  Lady  ANNE  or  ANNA  (1692-1699X 
royalist  and  author:  n^  Murfay:  skilled  in  surgery; 
with  her  lover,  Joseph  Bampfield  [q.  v.],  contrived  escape 
of  James,  duke  of  York,  1647 ;  attended  soldiers  woundeil 
at  Dunbar,  1660,  and  was  thanked  by  Oharles  II ;  married 
Sir  James  Halkett,  1656;  left  manuscript  devotional 
works ;  her  autobiography  printed,  1876.        [xxiv.  48] 

HALXSTT,  Sir  OOLIN  (1774-1866),  general :  son  of 
Frederick  Gkxlar  Halkett  [q.  v.] ;  served  in  the  Dutch 
foot-guards,  1799-6,  and  light  infantry  (in  British  pay) : 
commanded  9nd  light  battalion  of  the  derman  legion  in 
Germany,  1806-6,  Ireland,  1806,  the  Peninsula  and  the  Wal- 
chercn  expedition,  1809 ;  led  the  German  light  brigade  at 
Albnera,  1811,  during  Burg^  retreat,  1812,  and  Vittoria, 
1813,  and  succeeding  battles ;  commanded  British  brigaile 
at  Quatre  Bras  and  Waterloo :  lieutenant-general,  1830 : 
general,  1841  ;  commander  at  Bombay,  1831-9:  governor 
of  Ohelsea  Hospital,  1849 :  G.C.B.  and  G.G.H. 

[xxiv.  49] 

HALKETT,  FRBDERIOK  GODAR  (1798-1803), 
major-general:  lioutenant-coloncl,  9nd  battalion  of  the 
Dundas  regiment,  in  Holland,  1777 ;  retired,  1789 ;  rallied 
a  Soots  battcdion  for  English  army  :  major-geueral,  1802. 

[xxiv.  61] 

HALKETT,  HUGH,  Barok  vok  Halkktt  (1783- 
1863X  Hanoverian  general  and  British  colonel:  son  of 
Frederick  Godar  Halkett  [q.  v.] ;  served  in  India  in  Scots 
brigade,  1798-1801 :  distinguished  himself  at  Copenhagen, 
1807 :  led  battalion  at  Albuera,  1811,  Salamanca,  1612, 
tiie  BuigOB  retreat  and  Yenta  de  Poceo,  1812 :  organised 


Hanoverian  teviea,  1813 :  commanded  brigide  siQStadi, 
1813,  and  Schestedt,  1818 :  tod  the  Sid  and  4th  brigiteot 
Houoverian  militia  at  Waterioo,  1816,  and  captoredOn- 
bronne  (chief  of  the  imperial  goaxd)  with  bis  own  bnd; 
commanded  10th  army  carpt  ai  German  coofedenUkBiB 
Sohleswig-Holstdn,  1848 :  created  boron  with  foU  ym- 
■ion,  1868 :  03.  and  G.O.H. ;  died  at  Hanover. 

[xxiv.  II] 
HALKETT,  SAMUEL  (1814-I8nX  keeper  of  Adi*. 
catee*  Library,  Edinburgh,  1848-71;  began  'DiotioMiT 
of  Anonymous  and  Psendonjrinoas  Litefotora  of  (ktA 
BriUin  *  (published,  1889-8).  [xxiv.  II] 

HALL,  Mrs.  AGNES  0.  (1777-1846),  author:  vfe 
of  Robert  HaU  (1768-1894)  [q.  v.] ;  oontribnted  to  varioB 
cyclopoedias :  translated  Alfieri*8  *  AntoMogiaiAiy,*  UU, 
and  works  by  Madame  de  Genlis ;  published  n<mlB. 

[xxiv.  IS] 

HALL,  Mrs.  ANNA  MARIA  (1800-1881X author:  sir 
Fielding;  married  Samnd  Garter  Hall  [q.  v.],  lOI: 
edited  •  St  James's  Magazine,*  1869-3 ;  received  dvfl  M 
pension,  1868 ;  assisted  in  foundation  of  Brompfeon  0» 
sumption  Hospital  and  other  benentoit  inititatiBM: 
published  nine  novels,  inoloding  'Morion,  or  a  To«f 
Maid*8  Fortunes,'  1840,  and  *  Lights  and  Shadows  of  Iri* 
Life,*  1838;  published  two  pl«ys  and  *Tiks  of  tbelM 
Peasantry,*  1840,  and  *  Midsummer  Rre,  a  Fairy  Tti»  d 
Love,*  1848 ;  collaborated  with  her  hosbond.  [xxiv.  M] 

HALL,  ANTHONY  (167»-1793X  ontiqaoir ;  fdtovtf 
()neen*s  Oollege,  Oxford,  1706;  M.A^  1704;  DJX,  UH: 
rector  of  Hampton  Poyle,  1790;  edited  Ldand*s  *0q» 
mentories,*  1709,  and  works  of  Nicholas  Trivet.  1719; 
superintended  publicatkni  of  Hodson's  *  Josephos,*  ITNL 

[xxiv.  SI] 

HALL,  ARCHIBALD  (17S6-1778X  dlTine ;  studied  sK 
Eilinbiugh  and  Glasgow  univerdtles ;  minteter  of  Tor 
pbicen.  West  Lothian,  and  from  1766  of  the  nmiiliB 
church.  Well  Street,  London ;  pubUsbed  rellgioas  vorkk 

[xxiv.M] 

HALL,    ARTHUR  (JL   1668-1604X   translator  sad 

elitician ;  ward  of  Sir  William  Cecil  (Lord  Bmcfaky); 
.P.,  Grantham,  1671-^1  and  1686:  raprimsDM  1^ 
speaker  for  lewd  speaking,  1679 ;  expdtod  the  hoon,  Un. 
for  offensive  pamphlet  impugning  octimi  of  speste  lid 
members  in  tbe  case  of  his  servant,  who,  being  fresd  bm 
OTdinary  arrest  as  privileged,  was  sent  to  the  Tow  Iv 
the  House  of  (Emmons  for  assault ;  oonfined  In  the  Tbmt 
two  yean,  1681-S;  offered  politiool  sdvioe  to  Ban^hky 
(1591)  and  to  James  I  (1604) ;  hU  '  Ten  Bocdcs  of  Hom^ 
Uiades,  translated  out  of  Prenoh  *  (1681),  the  first  fttgli* 
version  of  Homer's  *  Iliad.*  [xxiv.  M] 

HALL,  BASIL  (1788-1844),  captain  in  the  navy  mk 
author;  son  of  Sir  James  Hall  [q.  v.] ;  witnosed  bsttk 
of  Corufta,  1809 :  accompanied  Lord  Amherstli  Cbimm 
embassy ;  carried  out  pendulum  observations  off  Sgstk 
America  ;  interviewed  Napoleon  ;  F JL8.,  1816 :  tnvM 
in  North  America,  1897-8 :  died  insane  in  Hsilar  Boi- 
pital :  his  *  Fragments  of  Voyages  and  Travels,*  101-1^ 
often  reprinted.  [xxiv.M] 

HALL.  Sir  BENJAMIN,  first  Baros  Llaxotb 
(1802-1867),  politician:  of  Westminster  snd  CtaM 
Church,  Oxford;  M.P.,  Monmouth,  18S1-7,  MtfjIAaMb 
1837-69  :  created  baronet,  1838;  active  in  oanse  of  eodh 
siastical  reform ;  privy  ooundllor,  1864 ;  piagkl— t  of 
board  of  health,  1864 ;  as  chief  oommissiooer  of  veriii 
1865-8,  established  metropolitan  board  of  wo^ :  eratri 
Baron  Llanover,  1869.  [xxiv.  N] 

HALL,  CHAMBERS  (1786-1866X  virtuoso;  pitPeDHA 
to  British  Museum  drawings  by  Girtin  and  antiqaitiii^ 
and  to  Oxford  University  antiquities  and  pictaiea. 

[xxiv.tt] 

HALL,  CHARLES  (1790  7-1783X  liueHmgram. 

[xxiv.  101 

HALL,  CHARLES  (1746  ?-1896  ?X  writer  oo  eeosf 
mics;  M.D.  Lqrden;  published  *  Effects  of  OiviUMtks 
on  the  People  in  European  States,*  1806 ;  died  intbeFloi 

[xxiv.aoi 

HALL,  Sir  CHARLES  (1814-1883X  vios^shuioeikr: 
barrister,  .Middle  Temple,  18S8 ;  assisted  and  snbssqotsttj 
succeeded  Lewis  Duval  [q.  v.]  in  oonvOTonoing  pacta: 
conveyancer  to  court  of  ohonoery,  1864 ;  aathoa9  m 
real  property  law :  vice-chonoeUor,  187t ;  lmightBd,18i}; 
twice  refutwi  silk.  [xxiv. «] 


HATiT, 


555 


HALL. 


■ALL.  Sim  OHABLBB  (184S-1900>,  noot^m  of  Loo- 
i ;  too  of  Sir  GbirlM  HaU  (1814-1888)  [q.  ▼.] :  edaoftted 
mt  Harrow  and  Trinity  OoUige,  Ounbridgo :  MA^  1870 ; 
barziatcr,  Linecdn's  Inn,  1866  :  attorney-general  to  Prince 
of  Wald,  1877-99:  Q.C^  1881 ;  K.C.M.a^  1890 :  roconlcr 
of  Loodon,  1889;  priry  oonnoUlor,  1899:  M.P.  for 
Western  Cambridgesbire,  188(-6  and  1886-9S,  and  for 
Bolborn  diTiaion  of  Finibary,  1893.         [Suppl.  ii.  377] 

KALL,  CHARLES  HENRT  (1763-1827X  dean  of 
Darham :  edncated  at  Weitminiter  and  OhrUt  Church. 
Ozfoid :  ILA.,  1786 :  DJ).,  1800 :  won  oniTersity  prUey 
for  Lfttin  and  Engllah  esiaya:  dean  of  Cbrlflt  'Church, 
1801^94:  Bampton  toctarer  and  prebendary  of  Exeter, 
1796;  iffiDS  profesaor  of  divinity  and  ricar  of  Lutoii, 
1807  ;  dean  of  Durham.  1894-7.  [xxlv.  61] 


0HE5TSB  MOOR  (1708-1771),  invrntor  of 
the  aohramatic  tetacope,  1788 ;  bencher,  Inner  Temple, 
17881  [xxiv.  69] 


EDMUND  (1690  7-1687X  divine:  left  Oxfonl 
to  fiffkt  for  parliament ;  fellow  of  Pembroke,  1647  ;  M.A., 
'for  attacking  Cromwell,  1651-3 ;  rector 
of  OUpp&kg  Norton  and  (1680-7)  of  Great  RisinKton : 
1  *8cripturai  Disooorw  of  the  Apoitacy  and  the 
AatichiMt,*  1683,  and  anonymous  monarchical  pamph- 

[xxiv.  62] 

EDWARD  id.  1647),  historian :  educated  at 
and  King's  OoUcge,  Cambridge :  B.A.,  1S18 ;  reader 
it  Giay's  Inn,  1633  and  1540 :  common  serjeant,  1539 : 
M^^  Bridgnorth,  1649;  commiasioner  to  inquire  into 
yu«rre«loos  of  Six  Articlai,  1541-4 :  his  *  Union  of  thi* 
Xelile  and  nitutre  Famdies  of  Lancastze  and  York,' 
1149  (eomplBtod  1^  Grafton,  1550).  followed  bv  Sbake- 
spHNb  pffoniUted  by  Queen  Mary,  and  not  reprinted  till 
VKL  [xxiv.  68] 


ELISHA   (/.    1569X  fanatic;  examined  by 
Bhbop  Giindal,  1569.  [xxiv.  64] 

FRANCIS  (1696-1675X    [SeeLiXK.] 

FBANC7IS  RUSSELL  (1788-1866X  theological 
writer;  educated  at  Manchester  and  St  John's  (College. 
QubrldffD:  feUow:  M.A^  1813;  D.D.,  1839;  rector  of 
IMboom.  1896-66 :  pabUshed  theological  pamplilets,  iu- 
<UUnf  ^Reaaons  for  not  contributing  to  circulate  the 
Apocrypba,*  1896.  [xxiv.  64] 

SAIL,  GEORGE  (16197-1668),  bishop  of  Chester :  wu 
i(  Joacpb  Ball  [q.  v.] :  fellow  of  Rxeter  College,  Oxford,  ■ 
m ;  ILA^  1634 :  D.D.,  166U :  deprived  by  parliament  , 
■f  vieangtof  Menbeniot  and  archdeaconry  of  Cornwall, 
Ant  aOoirad  to  oflldate  in  London :  canon  of  Windsor  , 
■Dd  aicbdeacon  of  Qtnterbury,  1660 :  bishop  of  Chester,  < 
lf8t^  :  held  with  his  see  rectory  of  Wigan.    [xxiv.  64]      \ 


GEORGE  (1753-181 IX  bishop  of  Dromore : 
r,  fellow,  senior  fttlow  (1790-18U0X  profctvor  of 
Gntk.  modem  history,  nnd  mathematics,  and  provost 
(1808-11)  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin;  M.A.,  1778  :  D.T)., 
1710 :  bishop  of  Dromore,  1811.  [xxiv.  65] 


HENRY  (d.  168U).  covenanter :  joined  cove- 
on  Pentland  Hill«,  1676:  impriwned:  after  bl^ 
raodered  about  with  Oirgill  aud  otherri :  iixfiihttit 
kn  drawing  ap  covenanting  manifesto,  1679 ;  one  uf  the 
tasdars  at  Drumclog  and  Both  well  Brigg,  1679 :  lied  to 
BoBsad:  captund  on  his  return  by  Thomas  Dulyell 
[q.  v.] :  died  of  a  wound  ;  *  Queeutferry  Paper '  found  ou 
Mb.  [xxiv.  65] 

KALL.  HENRY,  the  elder  (1655  ?-l7U7),  organist:  : 
etolfter  of  the  (Tfaapel  Royal :  studied  with  Purcell  under 
Bov:  organivt  of  Exeter  (1674)  and  Hereford  (16R8) 
CstJMrals ;  services  aud  anthems  by  him  in  Tuduiiy's 
eoOectioo.  [xxiv.  titi] 

HALL,  HENRY,  the  younger  (d.  1713X  organist ;  oon  , 
of  Hcory  HaO  the  dder  [q.  ▼.] :  organist  of  Hereford  | 
GittatesI,  1707 ;  admired  by  ooutemporariis  as  compowr  i 
iflvht  verw.  [xxiv.  66]      I 

BALL,  JA(X)B  (>f.  1668X  rope-dancer ;  seen  by  Pepys  ! 
Bl  Bartholomew  Fair,  Smithfldd,  1668 ;  much  favoured  ' 
bj  Lady  Outlemain.  [xxiv.  G7]      • 

v^^r.  JAMES  (<#.  1619),  navigator;  made  two 
losragea  (1608, 1606)  to  Greenland  as  |Hlot  of  Danish  ex- 
peiitUms,  Amtrrttml  by  Purclian :   commanded    Kuglibh 


expedition  to  OroonUnd,  1619 ;  mortally  wonudel  by  an 
K«kimo.  [xxiv.  67] 

HALL,  JAMES  (1755-1826),  prpsbyterlan  d'vinc : 
edncated  at  Glasgow  University;  pastor  of  associat*- oim- 
gregations  at  Cumnock,  1777.  and  Edinburgh.  17Hri; 
chairman  of  reunion  committer,  1820.  [xxiv.  tiSJ 

HALL,  SiK  JAMES,  fourth  baronet  (1761-183SX geolo- 
gist and  chemist ;  intimate  with  Hutton  and  Playfair : 
tested  Huttonian  system  by  study  of  continental  and 
.Scottish  formations;  refuted  Worncrian  views  by  labor- 
atory experiments ;  president  of  Itoyal  Society  of  Edin- 
burgh; .M.P.,  Mitchell  or  Michael,  Cornwall,  18U7-19; 
pubmhed  '  Essay  on  Gothic  An'hiterturo,'  18L3. 

[xxiv.  68] 

HALL,  JAMKS  (1800?-l854X  aointeur  painter;  son 
of  Sir  James  Hall  [q.  v.] :  friend  of  Wilkie  and  Watson 
(rordon :  exhibiteil  Sf'OttiMh  lawliicapes  and  portraits,  in- 
cluiiing  Wellington  (183V)  aud  Scott,  at  Hoyal  Academy, 
1835-54:  pn^iented  manu:»cript  of  'Waverley'  to  Advo- 
cates' Library.  [xxiv.  69] 

HALL  or  HALLE,  JOHN  (1529  7-1566?),  poet  and 
medical  writer;  member  of  Wonthipfnl  Comf«ny  of 
('birurgeousi;  published  metrical  versions  of  Proverbs, 
I-Ioclciilnst(vi,  ami  some  Psalms,  1549 ;  translated  Lan- 
franc's  '  C'hirun^ia  Parva,*  1565 ;  published  other  meiliral 
tracts,  of  which  one  was  leprinteil,  1844.         [xxiv.  69] 

HALL,  JOHN  (1575-16S5X  physician,  of  Stratford-on- 
Avon :  married  Hu^anna,  Shukn^pcare's  eldest  daughter, 
1607 :  with  her  actal  as  Shakcitpcare's  executor,  and  in- 
herited New  Place:  their  daughter  Elizabeth  (d.  1670X 
Shake<>peare's  last  direct  descendant;  his  *Sdect  Ob«cr- 
vations  on  English  Bodied,  aud  Cures  both  Empericall 
and  Historicall,'  issued  by  James  Cooke,  1657.  [xxiv.  7U] 

HALT.,  JOHN  (1637-1656),  poet  and  pamphleteer :  of 
Durham  and  St.  John's  (X>llege,  Cambridge;  friend  of 
Hobbes  and  Samuel  Hartlib  [q.  v.] ;  accompanied  Crom- 
well to  Scotland,  1650,  and  wrote  'The  Gronnds  and 
Reasons  of  Monarchy,*  and  other  political  pamphlets. 
His  works  include  'Hone  Vacivip,  or  Essays,*  1646, 
*  Poemii,*  1647  (reprinted,  1816X  and  *  Satire  against  Prea- 
bytery,'  164&  [xxiv.  71] 

HALL,  JOHN  ((/.  1707X  author  of  *  Jacobs  Ladder* 
(1676) ;  fellow  of  Trinity  (College,  Cambridge,  1658 ;  M.A. ; 
B.D.,  1666 ;  prebeiuiary  of  St.  Paul's,  1664 ;  pieoident  of 
Sion  College :  rector  of  Pinohley,  1666.  [xxiv.  78] 

HALL,  JOHN  ((/.  17U7),  criminal;  sentenced  todeath 
for  hous^reaking,  17UU;  pardonal  on  condition  of  re- 
moving to  America :  deserted  the  ship  and  returned, 
1704;  executed  at  Tyburn;  credited  with  'Memoin  Oi 
the  Right  YUlanous  John  Hall '  (published,  1708). 

[xxiv.  72] 

HALL,  JOHN  (1633-1710),  bishop  of  Bristol;  nephew 
of  Edmund  and  Thomas  Hall  ( 1610-1665)  [q.  v.]  ;  of  Mer- 
chant Taylors*  School  and  Pembroke  ciollflge,  Oxford; 
scholar,  fellow  (1653),  aud  master  (1664-1710);  M.A., 
1653 ;  D.D.,  1669 ;  Margaret  professor  of  divinity,  1676 ; 
bishop  of  Bristol,  1691-171U:  the  last  puritan  bishop; 
benefactor  of  his  college  and  liromsgrove.       [xxiv.  72] 

HALL.  JOHN  (1739-1797),  line-engraver;  executed 
plates  in  Bell's  *  Shakespeare '  and  *  British  Theatre ' ;  ex- 
hibited with  Incorporated  Society  of  Artists,  1766-76; 
historical  engraver  to  George  III,  1785;  engraved  Ben- 
jamin West's  works  and  portraits  after  Reynolds,  Uaiiuh 
borough,  aud  others.  [xxiv.  73] 

HALL,  Sir  JOHN  (1795-1866).  army  surgeon  ;  M.D. 
St.  Andrews,  1845  ;  principal  medieval  officer  in  Kaffraria, 
1847  and  1R51,  in  Crimea,  1854-6 ;  K.C.U.  and  inspector- 
general  of  bospitalrt ;  defended  Crimean  medical  service, 
1857  and  1858 ;  died  at  Pisa.  [xxiv.  74] 

HALL.  JOHN  VINE  (1774-1860),  author  of  *The 
Sinner's  Friend*;  bookseller  at  Maidstone,  1814-50:  hia 
*Sinner*s  Friend*  originally  comi>o8eii  of  extracts  from 
Bogatzky,  but  completely  rewritten  in  later  editiona, 
and  translated  into  thirty  iuuguage^.  [xxiv.  74] 

HALL,  JOSEPH  (1574-1656).  bishop  of  Exeter  and 
Norwich  ;  educated  at  Ashbynle-lu-Zouch  and  Emmanuel 
College,  Cambridge  ;  fellow.  1595  ;  M.A..  1596 ;  D.D.,  1613 ; 
published  '  Virgidemiarum,'  vol.  i.  1597,  vol.  ii.  1598,  satirea 
(ed.  Gronart,  1H79):  attackorl  by  Marston,  1598;  incnm- 
bentof  Ualstcd,  Suflulk,  luoi;  accompanied  Sir  Edmund 


B«CI1D  to  Spk,  taOB 


.malloSooUniilel?: 


te  RIgbt  ul  Sp!li«psi:y.'  ]  < 


dnotioDi 
'Bud  K 


1>  catbednil  ik^ccnted :  mi 

J.     Baldn  ia!\,0,   BQd  coi 

kt  agiiut  Bronnlita  and  jmsbyii^riiLDi.  be 


ii,iua);  coDKiined 


.  >ad  isas. 

^,    MA , 

rt  Hall  (17M-18i7) . 

mmkml  aolioali  U, , 

1814-1(1:  prutiasd  ia  KMUoihe 
"IS:  P.lLs„lg»:  pnMlwillnL 


:,    MARSHALL  (17W-I8S7).   phjflloloirtlt.  »D 

.  Hall  (17M-18i7)  fq.  ..] ;  M.D.  fcUnhnrgh,  1813  ; 

iltednwdlml  aoiimli  U,  Piirls,  oatUngen.  sad  Bfriln. 


3,  OmdDlui,  ISbO-E:    promiDei 


lUllnl  tbe  trntmoit  of  <pLletM7,  , 
Tsdy  mnboil  Id  upta;Ti«,  BaMas 
HoA  medial  works,  ba  pabll  '    ~    ~ 


lotrndgcel  ibe 
ibliihal '  TwoMd  BUTiny  o[  tbe 


HALL,  FETER  (1803-1849),  I 
i(  WlnobBtermnd  Btmbooib  Colli 
DoccniTclr  mlnlrter  or  TsriKtir 
jjoft  Aoifl  OhsppI,  s^  M«Wu  .1, 
nt,  ftatb :  edltsl  Blibop  Jcaepli  1 
Satlm'  (1BUX>1»  Blibop  Andi 


rinoBDd  lonogimpter: 

ChapeL  Drurj  L&ne, 
nd  SL  ThomM-l.  W«l- 

[»  Lowtb  of  dtBpuud 


Fonrt. 


,   Wlmbornr 


[II 


HALL.  RICHARD (d.IHt 
tellov  nf  Pnabrnke  Hall.  Osml 

cinon  of  St.  Omtr,  whe™  he"      .    .  _.      ... 

FlAher,  blflbop  of  Kocbnter,' crlutvd  tacritptWouBiy  and 

Incorrectli,  1M( ;  pobll>h<d  Imin  writ - 

of  tbe  N«liirUiiiil«  and 


HALL.  SAUURL  (irssr-lBtS),  'tbe  Sbemod 
ormt  Patriiircb':  cobbler  at  BnUon-iii-AitifiiU;  a- 
caled  Diaabbie  Eoi  aiionltuicain  aoiriiiE,  muinrlEiii.  uJ 


wm  o(  Robrrt  Hj 


,,  SAMCBL  CARTER  (laOO-t 989),  liiUm  wl 
mot  RolKn Dill 0'»- ISM)  [q. tj :  M Cort 
on.   18il:    lltenry  teaiVarj  to  Upl  tm^ 


iftBrvvdH  'i 

tWUdi,'  IB«, 

aognalatapce.'  Itif  L  [iiiT.  ST] 

HALL.    SPBNOER   (IWW-ISIfX   Ubniiu   of  IM 

norkn  Cnntlalfil  and  tdltal  ■  Doouimita  bum  StnuM 
nIstlDK  ID  R^HD  a!  miinbetb,'  18U.  [IltT.ttJ 

HALL,  SPENOfiR  TIMOTHY  <l«U-lSaS).  'Ill 
SbernoDd  FuraUr':  Bim  af  Samnel  Hall  (17a*<-lHI) 
[q.  c.];  gained  Ibe  «vedltonblp  at  tbc  -Irii'  tU 
pmmDTiblp    of    HoUis    HoBpltal.    Sbiffleld.    b;  U 


1 '  Homsopttbf,  B  Teetlmony,'  1%!;  mtnddtfiM 
Tilblngcn :  pnblijlus!  mlHclbmcDui  worta. 

[irtT.Wl 
AU.  THOVA?  (IRlO-iasSh  ejected  DbMs; 
■  -'  '-■-  Hau^(i»j»-irio)  [q-  f '  ■  "  "    "    '  ■''■ 


OoUe^B,  OxronL 
Ban' 

[iii».ni 

HALL.  THOMAS  <l««0?-i;ig?X  Roma  nIMic 
illTlne:brMJiei'o(  Wmiam  flail  (d.  1718?)  [q.T.]  :all 
PoriB  ;  phlloiDpfay  profidBtrr  at  Donaj.  loOMo :  dlid  ■! 
Par*  t.ilT.Wl 

HALL,  TIMOTHY  (IS37?.|SM),  tltolar  bi.-biKi' 
"-'--•  ■  "  '    Penilinikff  OoU^e,  Oidord  :  ejecBd  frm 


Baict«*e  Woneetoihin  peClCtos  :  Rested,  IHI:  mm 
pnscben,    indlHrfiBliiale  Biiii^i 


HAIiL 


667 


HATtT.TFAX 


ce  in  Ohinese  war,  18^10-3,  and  was  given 
'JLS^  1847 ;  oommanded  the  Hecla  and  the 
the  Baltic,  18M-6:  K.O.B.,  1867;  vice- 
:  admiiaU  1876;  pabliahed  pamphlets  on 
s  and  National  Defences.  [zxiv.  94] 

I  WILLIAM  KINO  (18I6-1886X  admiral ; 
abofw  nnder  Houston  Stewart  at  bombard- 
,  1840;  flag-captain  to  Ni^ier  and  Sir  M. 
i  Baltic,  1854-6 :  distinguished  himself  during 
i  war,  I85fr-8 :  K.O.B.,  1871 ;  admiral,  1879  ; 
the  Nore,  1877-9.  [zxiv.  96] 

UGHTOH,    HENRT    (I8S3-1889).       [See 

BVSVSOH.  JOHN  (1718  -  1786).  [See 
OHN  Hall-.] 

Uf,  MABOARET  MART  (1808-1868X 
he  English  congregations  of  St.  Oatherine 
onded  liye  oooTents  in  England,  besides 
MS,  and  orphanages.  [xxiv.  96] 

ARTHUR  HENRY   (1811-1833),  subject 

*  In  Memoriam  * ;  elder  son  of  Heni^  Hallam 
£A  at  Eton  and  Trinity  OoUege,  Oambridge, 
Tennyson  ;  studied  at  the  Inner  Temple ;  died 
ienna  (buried  at  Clevedon).    His  *  Remabis ' 

[xxiv.  98] 

HENRY  (1777-1869X  historian ;  educated 
brist  Ohnrch,  Oxford  *.  B JL^  1799 ;  barrister : 
rf  stamps ;  treasurer  of  the  Statistical  Society: 
of  the  Society  of  Antiquaries;  occasionally 

*  Edinburgh  Review ';  pnblisbed  *  State  of 
;  the  Middle  Ages,*  1818,  *  OonstitnUonal 
igland  from  Henry  YII's  Accession  to  the 
;e  II,'  1827,  and  '  Introduction  to  Literature 
S7-9,  besidies  a  privately  printed  memoir  of 
r.  [xxiv.  96] 

HENRY  FITZMAURIOE  (18S4-1860), 
I  Henry  Hallam  [q.  v.]  ;  of  Eton  and  Trinity 
ridge :  second  chanc^or's  medallist ;  fonn- 
historical'  d^Mting  club,  and  one  of  the 
tend  of  Maine  and  Franklin  Luahington : 
at  Rome ;  buried  at  CHevedon.    [xxiv.  98] 

JOHN  (d.  1537),  conspirator ;  took  part 
of  Grace,  1536 :  rebd  governor  of  Hull : 
ticipation  in  the  second  ^pilgrimage.* 

[xxiv.  99] 
or  HALLUH,  ROBERT  (<f.  1417),  bishop 
prebendary  of  Salisbury,  1896,  of  York, 
con  of  Canterbury,  1400:  chancellor  of 
■sity,  1403  ;  his  nomination  by  the  pope  as 
York  disallowed  by  the  king,  1406 ;  bishop 
107-17 ;  one  of  the  Englbb  representatives 
isa,  1409 :  took  lead  of  Euglish  '  nation '  at 
itanoe,  1414,  opposing  John  XXII  and  urging 
it  ecclesiastical  reform  before  election  of  a 
d  at  Oottlieben  Oastle,  and  was  buried  in 
bedrat.  [xxiv.  99] 

IR  CHARLES  (Carl  Hallk)  (1819-1895), 
x>nductor :  bom  at  Hogen,  Westphalia  ; 
Rinck  and  Gottfried  Weber  at  Darmstadt : 
h  Alard  and  Francbomme  in  Paris :  visited 
,  and  maile  it  his  home,  1848,  settling  at 
ulfiUed  numerous  engagements  as  coi^uc- 
chestra,  instituted  1857,  at  Manchester,  be- 
rated in  north  of  England;  began  series 
edtals,  1850 :  first  principal.  Royal  College 
Chester,  1893 ;  honorary  LL.D.  Edinburgh, 
d,  188a  [Suppl.  ii.  379] 

JOHN  (d.  1479X  merchant  of  Salisbury ; 
bury,  1451, 1458, 1464,  and  1465 ;  M.P.,  Saliii- 
K),  and  1461 ;  the  hall  of  his  house  in  New 
ry,  still  remains  with  its  sitained  glass. 

[xxiv.  101] 

•  or  HALLET,  JOSEPH,  I  (1628?-1689), 
ter ;  held  the  sequestered  living  of  West 
neraet,  1666-63  ;  fined  and  imprisoned  under 
LCt,  1673;    first  presbyterian  minister   at 

[xxiv.  lOS] 

:  or  HALLET,  JOSEPH,    II   (1656-1722), 

:  minister  of   Exeter ;  son  of  Joseph  Hal- 

(16287-1689)  [q.  v.];  pastor   of   James's 


meeting,  1718:  his  academy  reputed  unitarian;  James 
Foster  [q.  v.]  and  Peter  King  (afterwards  lord  chancellor) 
[q.  v.]  among  his  pupils.  [xxiv.  102] 

HALLBTT  or  HALLET,  JOSEPH,  IH  (1691 7-1744), 
nonconformist ;  son  of  Joseph  Haltett  or  Hallet  (1666-17SS) 
[q.  v.] :  corresponded  with  Whiston  and  adopted  his  form 
of  unitarlanism ;  from  1722  pastor  at  Exeter;  published 

*  Free  and  Impartial  Study  of  the  Holy  Scriptures,' 
1789-36,  and  controversial  tracts.  [xxiv.  103] 

HALLBY,  EDMUND  (1656-1742X  astronomer: 
educated  at  St.  Fluul's  School  and  Queen's  College, 
Oxford ;  laid  the  foundation  of  southern  astronomy  dur- 
ing residence  in  St.  Helena,  1676-8,  and  made  the  first 
complete  observation  of  a  transit  of  Mercury,  1677; 
published  on  his  return  *Oatalogus  Stellarum  Aus- 
traUum,'  1678;  MJL  Oxford,  1678;  F.R.8.,  1678;  arbi- 
trated at  Dansig  between  Hooke  and  Hevelius,  1679; 
made  otwervations  of  the  comet  of  1680 ;  travelled  in 
Italy,  1681 ;   originated  (by  his  suggestions)  Newton's 

*  Principia,'  which  he  introduced  to  the  Royal  Society, 
and  published  (1687)  at  his  own  expense,  correcting  all 
the  proofs  ;  assistant-secretary  to  the  Royal  Society  and 
editor  of  its  'Transactions,*  1686-93,  contributing 
first  detailed  description  of  trade  winds;  while  deputy- 
controller  of  the  mint  at  Chester,  1696-8,  ascended  Snow- 
dxm  to  test  his  method  of  determining  heights  by  the 
barometer  :  in  command  of  the  Paramour  Pink  explored 
Atlantic,  and  prepared  '  General  Chart '  of  variation  of 
compass  with  the  *  Halleyan  lines,*  1699-1701 ;  surv^ed 
ooasts  and  tides  of  British  Channel  and  published  map, 
1702  :  hupected  harbours  of  Adriatic  for  Emperor  Leo- 
pold ;  Savilian  profewor  of  geometry  at  Oxford,  1703 ; 
D.C.L.  Oxford,  1710 ;  a  leading  member  of  committee 
which  prepared  Flamsteed*s  observations  for  the  press, 
and  editor  of  first  (1712)  version  of  Flamsteed's  *  Historia 
Ocelestls  * ;  predicted  accurately  total  solar  eclipse  of  1716 ; 
obaerved  eclipse  and  great  aurora,  1716;  secretary  to 
Royal  Society,  1713 ;  astronomer  royal,  1721 ;  foreign 
member  of  Academic  des  Sciences,  1729.  His  lunar  and 
planetary  tables  appeared  posthumously,  1749,  *Astro- 
nomisB  OometlcaB  Synopsis '  (1706)  being  reprinted  with 
them.  He  accurately  predicted  the  return  in  1758  of  the 
comet  of  1531, 1607,  and  1682,  first  recommended  employ- 
ment of  transits  of  Venus  for  ascertaining  the  sun's  dis- 
tance, and  demonstrated  (1686)  law  connecting  atmo- 
spheric elevation  with  density.  In  addition  he  originated 
the  science  of  life  statistics  by  *Breslau  Table  of  Mor- 
tality,' and  that  of  physical  geography  by  his  scientific 
voyages.  [xxiv.  104] 

HALLET,  ROBERT  (1796-1876),  nonconformist 
divine  and  historian ;  classical  tutor  at  Highbury  College, 
1826-39 ;  D.D.,  1834 ;  minister  of  Moeley  Street  Chapel, 
Manchester,  1839  (Cavendish  Street,  1848);  chairman 
of  (Congregational  Union,  1855;  principal  of  New  Col- 
lege, St.  John's  Wood,  1857-72 ;  published  '  Lancashire  : 
its  Puritanism  and  Nonconformity,'  1869.      [xxiv.  109] 

HALLIDAY.    [See  also  Halidat.] 

HALLIDAY,  B»  ANDREW  (1781-18S9X  physician ; 
M.D.  Edinburgh,  1806;  served  with  Portuguese  in  the 
Peninsula  and  with  British  at  Waterloo ;  L.R.C.P.,  1819 ; 
knighted,  1821 ;  domestic  physician  to  Duke  of  Clarence : 
inspector  of  West  Indian  hospitals,  1823  ;  wrote  on  lunatic 
asylums  (1808  and  1828X  the  campaign  of  1815,  and  the 
West  Indies  (1837)i  [xxiv.  110] 

HALLIDAY,  ANDREW  (1830-1877X  essayist  and 
dramatist;  son  of  William  Duff,  but  dropped  his  sur- 
name ;  educated  at  Aberdeen  ;  contributed  to  the  maga- 
zines ;  president  of  Savage  Club,  1857,  and  editor  of 
'  Savage  Club  Papers,'  1868-9  ;  collaborated  with  Willium 
Brougb  in  *  The  Area  Belle,'  and  other  farces ;  produced 
also '  The  Great  City '  (1867),  domestic  dramas,  and  adap- 
tations from  Dickens  and  Scott.  [xxiv.  Ill] 

HALLIDAY,  MICHAEL  FREDERICK  (1822-1869), 
amateur  artist;  one  of  the  first  English  eight  in  the  rifle- 
shooting  competition  at  Wimbledon  for  the  Elcho  shidd, 
1862 :  an  early  pre-Raphaelite ;  exhibited  at  the  Royal 
Academy.  [xxiv.  112] 

TrAT.T.rgAY  SAMUEL  (1733-1 790X  bishop  of  Glou- 
cester and  St.  Asaph ;  third  wrangler  and  chancellor'B 
medallist  at  Cambridge,  1754:  fellow  of  Jesus  College, 
Cambridge,  1756-60,  of  Trinity  Hall,  Cambridge,  1760-76; 
M.A-,  1757 ;  LL.D.,  1764 ;  D.D.,  1776  ;  held  both  profci- 


568 


HAMERTOK 


Borships  of  Arabic,  1768-70,  and  chair  of  civil  law,  1770- 
188S;  letters  of  *  Erasmus'  in  favour  of  oontinued  sab- 
scriptioQ  to  Thirty-nine  Articles  attributed  to  him,  1772 ; 
chaplain  to  the  king,  1774 :  rector  of  Warsop,  1778 ; 
bishop  of  Glonoester,  1781-9,  of  St.  Asaph,  1789-90 ;  hii 

*  Analysis  of  the  Roman  Oiril  Law'  (1774)  reissued  with 
additions.  [zxiv.  US] 

EALLI7AZ,  Sm  THOMAS  (1731-1789),  lord  mayor 
of  London  ;  prime  warden  of  Goldsmiths'  Company,  1768- 
1769 :  knighted  :  as  sheriff  of  London  acted  as  returning 
officer  when  Wilkee  was  elected  for  Middlesex,  1769 ;  one 
of  the  court  nominees  for  the  mayoralty  against  him, 
1772  ;  lord  m^yor,  1776-7  ;  opposed  press-gang  system ; 
M.P.,  Aylesbury,  1784-9.  [xxiv.  114] 

EALLIFAZ,  WILLIAM (1666 ?-1722),  divine:  fdlow 
of  Gorpas  Christi  College,  Oxford,  1682 ;  M.A.,  1678 ;  D.D., 
1695 ;  chaplain  at  Aleppo,  1688-96 ;  rector  of  Old  Swin- 
ford,  1699,  and  vicar  of  Salwarpe;  his  account  of  Palmyra 
printed  in  '  Philosophical  Transactions,*  1696  :  bequeathed 
book?  and  collections  to  Oorpns  Christi  CTollege. 

[xxiv.  116] 

HALLIWELL,  HENBT  (1766-18S6),  classical  scholar ; 
M.A.  Braaenoee  CToUege,  Oxford,  1789:  fellow,  1790; 
rector  of  (^yton-oum-Kermer,  1803 :  assisted  the  Fal- 
coners with  their  edition  of  Strabo  (1807)  [see  Falconer, 
Thomas,  1772-1889] ;  satirised  by  Heber  in  the  *  Whip- 
piad,'  1843.  [xxiv.  116] 

EALLIWXLL,  afterwards  HALLIWELL-PHIL- 
LIPPS,  JAMBS  OROHABD  (1820-1889),  biographer  of 
Shakespeare ;  scholar  and  librarian  of  Jesus  Oollege,  0am- 
bridge;  published  *Life  and  Inventions  of  Sir  Samuel 
Moriand,'  1838,  and  an  edition  of  MandeviUe's  *  Travels,' 
1839 :  F.S.A.  and  F.R.S.,  1839  ;  in  1840-1  prepared  for  press 
twenty-three  works,  including  three  tracts  on  Cambridge 
manuBcripta,  *  Bara  Mathematica,'  and  his  earliest  Shake- 
spearean works  :  edited  works  for  Camden  Society,  1839- 
1844,  Percy  Society,  1842-60  (including '  Nursery  Bhymes 
of  England  'X  and  Shakespeare  Society :  catalogued  Chet- 
ham  Library  manuscripts,  1841-2:  married  Henrietta, 
daughter  of  Sir  Thomas  PhiUipps,  1842,  whose  surname  be 
assumed  thirty  years  later;  IjUD.  Bdinburgh,  1883.    His 

*  Dictionary  of  Archaic  and  Provincial  Words'  appeared, 
1846,  *Life  of  Shakespeare,'  1848,  'New  Boke  about 
Shakespeare  and  Stratford-on-Avon,*  1860;  folio  edition  of 
Shakespeare,  1868-66,  lithograph  facsimiles  of  the  Shake- 
speare quartos,  1862-71,  'Dictionary  of  Old  English  Plays,' 
1860,  *  Illustrations  of  the  Life  of  Shakespeare,*  pt.  L  1874, 
and  *  Outlines  of  the  Life*  (private  issue),  1881;  pub- 
lished, 1882, 1883, 1884, 1887.  He  arranged  and  described 
the  Stratford-on-Avon  archives,  and  wrote  much  on  the 
history  of  the  town,  besides  initiating  the  movement 
(1863)  for  purchase  of  the  site  of  New  Pktoe,  Shakespeare's 
residence  there.  [xxiv.  116] 

HALLOKAK  or  O'HALLO&AV,  LAWRENCE 
HYNES  (1766-1831),  author;  published  poems,  1790-1, 
and  1801;  chaplain  to  Earl  of  Northesk  at  Trafalgar, 
1806;  dismissed  from  chaplaincy  to  forces  at  Cape  Town 
for  his  *Cap-AbUities,  or  South  African  Characteristics,' 
1811 :  transported  for  forging  a  frank,  1818.  [xxiv.  120] 

HALLOWELL,  BENJAMIN  (1760-1834).  [SeeCAREW, 
8iB  Benjamin  Hallowell.] 

EALLa,  JOHN  JAMES  (JL 1791-1834),  painter ;  his 
'  Witch  *  and  full-length  of  Charles  Kean  in  Richard  III 
engraved  by  Charles  Turner;  published  lives  of  Henry 
Salt,  F.R.S.  (1834)  and  Nathaniel  Pearce  (1831). 

[xxiv.  121] 

HALPEV  or  HALPIN,  JOHN  EDMOND  (fl.  1780), 
painter  ;  son  of  Patrick  Halpen  [q.  v.]         [xxiv.  122] 

HALPEN  or  HALPIN,  PATRICK  (>l.  1760-1790), 
line-engraver.  [xxiv.  122] 

HALPnr  or  HALPINE,  CHARLES  GRAHAM 
(1829-1868),  writer  under  name  of  'Miles  O'Reilly';  son 
of  Nicholas  John  Hali>in  [q.  v.]  ;  emigrated  from  Ireland, 
1861 ;  joomalist  at  Boston,  Washington,  and  New  York, 
where  he  edited  the '  Tbnes,*  andfrom  1861  the  *  Leader ' ; 
enlisted  in  federal  army,  1861 ;  assistant-adjutant-general 
to  General  David  Hunter  and  General  Henry  W.  Qalleck : 
published  '  Life  and  Adventures,  Ac,  of  Private  Miles 
O'Reilly  *  (1864)  and  '  Baked  Meats  of  the  Funeral  ...  by 
Private  M.  O'Reilly'  (1866);  registrar  of  New  York 
oouuty.  1867-8 ;  died  from  an  ovodoee  of  chloroform. 

[xxiv.  122] 


KALPUr,  NICHOLAS  JOHN  (1790-18MX  utte; 
B.A.  Dublin,  1816 ;  edited '  Dublin  Evening  MaO ';  pab- 
lished  three  works  of  Shakaspeareaa  critictsm  and  *  Otaiv- 
vatiou^  on  certain  Passages  in  the  Life  of  EdBumd 
Spender,'  1860.  [xxiv.  Ut] 

HALS,  WILLIAM  (1656-1737?),  Oomiah  write: 
grandson  of  Sir  Nicholas  Halae  [q.  v.] ;  made  rollfirtiaM 
for  *  History  of  Cornwall,'  part  IL,  published  about  ITMi 

[xxiv.  123] 

HALSB,  Sir  NICHOLAS  (rf.  1686).  inventor  el  an 
mode  of  drying  malt  and  hops  by  iron  plates :  kni^M, 
1606 ;  governor  of  Pendennis  OasUe,  16U8 ;  left  in  maao- 
script '  Great  Britain's  Treasure.'  [xxiv.  124] 

HALSWELLX,  KEELEY  (1832-1891),  artist;  en- 
gaged as  book  illustrator ;  exhibited  at  Royal  Sootttak 
Academy  from  1867 :  A.R.S. A.,  1866 ;  sabsequently  exhi- 
bited many  landscapes  at  Royal  Academy ;  mimbar  e( 
Institute  of  Painters  in  Oils,  1882.  [SuppU  iL  389] 

HALSWORTH  or  H0LD8W0BTH,  DANIBL 
(1668 7-1595 ?X  classical  scholar;  of  the  English  collsfa 
of  Dooay  and  Rome ;  theologian  to  St.  Ohaxiei  Borromso. 
made  Greek  transUtion  of  Virgil's  *  BaooUoi,'  1691,  and 
Latin  version  of  epigrams  of  Archiaa,  1896;  dted  tf 
Rome.  [xxiv.  12S] 

HALTOH,  IMMANUEL  (1628-1 699X  astrooooMr: 
auditor  to  the  household  of  Thomas,  eari  of  Anmdd: 
friend  of  Flamsteed,  who  communicated  to  Royal  Sodetj 
Halton's  observations  of  a  solar  eoUpse,  1678. 

[xxiv.  12t} 

HALTOH  or  HALOHTOH,  JOHN  or  (d.  imx 
bishop :  prior  of  St.  Mary's,  Carlisle :  bishop  of  Oariiihi, 
1292-1324;  ambassador  to  King  John  of  Scotland,  UN; 
excommunicated  Bruce  for  murder  of  Ooniyn,  IM: 
sat  in  Lancaster's  council,  1318;  envoy  to  Sootisiri, 
1390 :  his  register  still  preserved.  [xxiv.  US] 

HALTOH,  TIMOTHY  (16327-1704X  provost  of 
Queen's  College,  Oxford ;  probably  brother  <rf  ImanoBri 
Halton  [q.  v.]  :  fellow  of  Queen's  OollQge,  Oxfoid.  IW: 
D.D.,  1674 ;  archdeacon  of  Brecknock,  1672,  of  Qtkri, 
1675;  provost  of  Qneent  (}ollege,  Oxford,  1677-17M: 
vice-chancellor  of  Oxford,  1679-81  and  1685. 

[xxiv.  Iff] 

HALYBUBTOK,  GEORGE  (tf.  1682),  Soots  nonesi- 
formist  mbiista: ;  ejected,  1662.  [xxiv.  W] 

HALYBUBTOH  or  HALXBHKTOK,  JAMBB(U18- 
1589X  provost  of  Dundee :  M.A.  St.  Andrews,  1588;  dii' 
tinguished  at  capture  of  Brooghty  Castle,  1549;  pnvort 
of  Dundee,  1553-86 ;  captured  by  the  Grahams  in  iMkh 
dale,  1556,  but  soon  rescued;  a  lord  of  the  coogngsttoa: 
oommander  of  musters  ot  Fife  and  Forfar  againtt  tin 
qoeen  regent,  1559 ;  took  part  in  defence  of  Edinboigk 
and  Kigned  'last  band  at  Leith  *  and  (1561)  first  Bookflf 
Discipline ;  commissioner  to  administer  Act  of  OlilivioB, 
1563 ;  joined  Moray's  movement  against  Daml^  fl>■^ 
riage :  present  at  Tiangslde,  1568,  and  at  Restalrig.  UH: 
af  terwuds  captured  by  queen's  fwoes  and  bMcly  sicapd 
execution,  1571 ;  Morton's  representativ«  at  ounfcwa* 
of  1578 ;  privy  councillor,  1582 ;  one  of  the  king%  co» 
misaioners  to  general  assembly,  1582  and  158& 

[xxiv.  127] 

HALYBUItTOH,  THOMAS  (1674-1712),  tfaeolQgifl: 
son  of  George  Halyburtoa  [q.  v.] ;  edaoated  at  Eollv- 
dam  and  St.  Andrews:  professor  of  divinity  st  8t 
Leonard's  College,  1710-12;  his  writings  against  dditi 
reissued,  1865,  as  *  Essay  on  the  Gioond  or  formal  ReMS 
of  a  saving  Faith*;  his  *  Memoirs*  (2nd  ed.,  in5)f» 
quently  reprinted ;  works  collected,  1SS5.      [xxiv.  119] 

HAHBOYS,  JOHN  (fl.  1470).    [See  Hahbots.] 


HAHBURY,  HENRY  DS  (Jt.  1830X  justice  of  ( 
pleas  in  Ireland,  e.  1824 ;  chief  •justice,  1827 ;  judge  flftki 
king's  bench  (England),  1328.  [xxiv.  UO] 

HAHEBTOH,  PHILIP  GILBERT  (1834-1804),  tft^ 
and  essayist ;  studied  art  in  London ;  resided  on  brie  a 
Innistrynich,  Loch  Awe,  1858;  published  'A  Paints^ 
Camp  in  the  Highlaodi,'  1862;  art  critic  to  *Sataid«r 
Review  * ;  established  with  Mr  Richmond  Sedey,  tbejn^ 
Usher,  'The  Portfolio'  periodical,  1869;  directed  'Mr 
folio '  tiU  his  death ;  LL.D.  Aberdeen,  1894.  He  publish 
two  novels,  t>e8ides  numerous  valuiUile  oontoibutiosiM 
art  literature.  His  autobiography  was  completed  w 
published  by  hii  widow,  1897.  [SuppL  ii.  m 


HAMEY 


559 


HAMILTON 


LDWIN,  the  elder  (15e8-lM0X  physl-  ! 
of  MuaooTy,  1698-8:   M.D.  Leyden;  j 

[zxly.  ISO] 

kLDWIS,  the  yoooffer  (1800-1676),  ' 
>f  Baldwin  Harney  the  elder  [q.  ▼.] : 
36,  Oxford,  16S9 :  risited  Paris,  Mont-  ' 
a;  FJtOJ^M  1633;  eight  time*  oenaor;  , 
:  Oulstonian  leotorer,  1647 :  benefactor  . 
UeRe  of  Physiciana ;  left  manuscript  \ 
nporary  pbyBicians ;  his  dissertation  on  ■ 
arovc  edited  1693.  [xxiv.  181]      | 

DuKEB  OP.     [See  Hamilton,  Jameb,  ' 
(-1649;  Hamilton,   William,  second  ■ 
;  DouQLAS,  William,  third  Dukb,  1635- 
Jambb,  fourth  Dukk,  1668-171S ;  Dou-  '■ 
R  Hamilton,  tenth  Dukx,  1767-1869 ; 

iU  AUEXANDKR   ANTHONY   ARCHIBALD,  I 
Jll-68.]  I 

Mrs.  (/.  1746-177SX  aotren ;  appeared  | 
.  Mrs.  Bland,  playing  with  Oarrick  at 
.  Shakespearean  parts.  1746 ;  reappeared 
,  1762-62 ;  afterwards  went  to  Ireland : 
le  caoae  of  the  establishment  of   the 

[xxiv.  182] 

ALEXANDER  (d.  1732?),  merchant 
ished  *  New  Account  of  the  East  Indies,* 

[xxiv.  133] 

ALEXANDER  (1789-18U2),  professor 
Edinbaiigh  UniTersity:  deacon  of  the 
e  of  Sorgeoos:  profeBsor  of  midwifery, 
•1800;  chief  founder  of  Lying-in  Hoa- 
isbed  treatises  on  midwifery. 

[xxiv.  133] 

ALEXANDER  (1762-1824),  orientalist ; 
I  France  drew  up  for  Paris  Library 
rue  of  Sanskrit  manuscripts,  and  taught 
cblegel  and  Fauriel;  F.K.8.,  1808:  pro- 
.  and  Hindoo  literature  at  Haileybury : 
on  Sanskrit  [xxiv.  134] 

ANDREW  (d,  1691),  rector  and  preben- 
',  1666 :  raised  troops  against  James  II : 
Relation  of  the  Actions  of  the  Inniakil- 

[xxlv.  134] 

ANNE,  DvcHRBS  OP  Hamilton  (1636- 
)f  the  first  Duke  of  Hamilton :  married 
(1636-1694)  [q.  v.],  who  became  on  her 
Hamilton.  [xt.  870] 

Lapt    ANNE  ,(1766-1846),   lady-in- 

CaroUne :  daughter  of  Archibald,  ninth 

1 :  accompanied  Queen  Caroline  to  Eng- 

*  Secret  History  of  the  Oourt'  (1832), 
name,  but  without  her  sanction. 

[xxiv.  186] 
ANTHONY  (16467-1720),  author  of 
omte  de  Grammont';  third  son  of  Sir 
1  [q.  ▼.]  ;  as  goremor  of  Limerick,  1686, 
lass ;  VjTiTy  councillor,  1686 ;  commanded 
08  at  EnniskiUen  and  Newtown  Butler, 

the  Boyne,  1690 ;  spent  the  rest  of  his 
In-en-Laye,  being  intimate  with  Berwick ; 
and  verses  to  the  Duchess  of  Berwick  nnd 

and  wrote  for  Henrietta  Bulkeley  four 

*  in  French.  His  '  Epistle  to  the  Oomte 
lis  brother-in-law)  announcing  intention 
aemoir»  was  approved  by  Boileau,  1706. 
appeared  anonymously,  1718,  and  were 
Walpole,  1772,  Sir  Walter  Scott,  181 1,  nnd 
1876 :  *  (Euvres  Oompl^tes '  were  issued, 

[xxiv.  136] 

ARCHIBALD  ((f.  1698),  Roman  catholic 
disputed  publicly  with  Knox  ;  published 
inst  Scottish  (}alviiii8ts  and  a  treatise  on 
t  Rome.  [xxiv.  138] 

AROHIBALD(1680  7-1669) ;  archbishop 
dy  :  D.D.  Glasgow ;  bishop  of  Killala  and 

archbishop  of  Cashel  and  Emiy,  1630; 

1641  fled  to  Sweden,  where  he  died. 

[xxiv.  138] 
,  Lord  ARCHIBALD  (1770-1827),  poli- 
of  Lady  Anne  Hamilton  [q.  v.] ;   M.A. 


Christ  (Thurch,  Oxford,  1796 :  barrister,  Linoohi*8  Inn, 
1799;  M.Pn  Lanarkshire,  1802-27;  pnbllihed  pamphlet 
(1804)  condemning  Pitt's  second  ministry  and  that  of 
Addington :  moved  vote  of  censure  on  Gastlerei^h  as 
president  ci  btmxd  of  control,  1809;  carried  resolution 
for  referring  petition  from  Boottisb  royal  burghs  to  sdect 
committee,  1819;  moved  insertion  ot  Queen  CarollneTa 
name  in  the  liturgy,  1890.  [xxiv.  189] 

HAXILTOH,  CHARLES  (by  courtesy  Lord  Binning) 
(1697-1 783X  poet ;  son  of  Thomas  Hamilton,  sixth  earl  of 
Haddington  [q.  v.] ;  fought  for  government  at  Sberifl- 
mnhr,  1716 ;  M.P.,  St.  Germans,  1722 ;  died  at  Naples ; 
his  pastoral  '  Ungrateful  Nanny '  in  Ritson's  *  Scottish 
Songs,'  1794.  [xxiv.  139] 

HAXILTOH,  CHARLES  (1691-1764X  historian: 
natural  son  of  James  Douglas,  fourth  duke  of  Hamil- 
ton [q.v.],  and  Lady  BartMura  Fitsroy:  s^led  Count 
Arran ;  accompanied  his  father  in  duel  with  Mohun, 
1707,  and  himsdf  fooght  General  Macartney ;  settled  in 
Switaerland;  died  at  Paris;  *  Transactions  during  the 
Reign  of  Anne '  (1790)  attributed  to  him,  but  written  by 
his  son.  [xxiv.  140] 

EAXILTOH,  CHARLES  (17687-1792X  orientalist; 
in  military  service  of  East  India  Oompa^;  published 
historical  work  on  the  Rohilla  Afghans  (1787Xand  trans- 
lation of  the  Pteraian  '  Hedaya,'  1791.  [xxiv.  140] 

HAXHTOH,  Sir  CHARLES,  second  baronet  (1767- 
1849X  admiral :  commanded  the  Dido  at  sieges  of  Bastia, 
Calvi,  and  San  Fiorenxo  (1793).  the  Melpomene  on  Dutch 
coast,  and  at  capture  of  Goree  and  in  West  Indies,  1799- 
1802;  vice-admiral,  1814;  admiral,  1880;  MJ*.,  Dnn- 
gannon,  1801-7,  Honiton,  1807-12;  governor  of  New- 
foondland,  1818-24.  [xxiv.  140] 

HAXILTOH,  CHARLES  WILLIAM  (1670-1764), 
painter  at  Augsburg ;  son  of  James  Hamilton  (Jl.  1640- 
1680)  [q.  v.]  ofMurdieston.  [xxiv.  186] 

EAXILTOH,  CLAUD,  Baron  Pauley  (1648  7-1622), 

known  as  Lord  Claud  Hamilton  ;  fourth  sou  of  James 

!  Hamilton,  duke  of  ChAtelherault  [q.  v.1 ;  convOTed  Mary 

i  Queen  of  Scots  from  Lochleven  to  Nlddiy  and  Hamilton, 

:  1668,  and  (probably)  led  the  van  for  her  at  Langside,  1668 ; 

concerned  m  plot  by  which  Moray  was  assassinated,  1670 ; 

led  attempt  to  capture  Lennox  and  king's  lords  at  Stirling, 

1671 ;  recovered  his  estates  by  pacification  of  Perth,  1678 ; 

privy  to  plot  against  Morton,  1678 ;  denounced  by  council 

for  murder  of  the  regents ;  fled  to  England,  1679 ;  took 

part  in  Gtowrie  conspiracy,  1684 ;  recalled  from  Paris  by 

James  YI,  1686  ;  with  Huntly  shared  leadership  of  Scottish 

'  catholics,  and  was  commissioned  by  the  Guises  to  reconcile 

'  Mary  and  her  son  James,  1686 ;  entered  into  communica- 

I  tion  with  Spain,  and  urged  on  Armada  project:  created 

.  Baron  Paisley,  1687  ;  became  insane.  [xxiv.  141] 

;       HAXILTOH,  Sir  DAVID  (1663-1721).  physician  to 

I  Queen  Anne ;   MJ).  Rheims,  1686 :  F.R.O.P.,  1708 ;  FJI.S., 

1708 ;  knighted ;  published  religious  and  medical  tracts. 

[xxiv.  144] 
HAXILTOH,  DAVID  (1768-1848X  architect ;  designed 
many  buildings  in  western  Scotland,  including  Hamilton 
Palace,  Lennox  Castle,  and  the  Glasgow  Exchange. 

[xxiv.  144] 
I        HAKILTOH,   Sir   EDWARD,    flrst   baronet  (1772- 
!  1861),  admiral;  brother  of  Sir  Charles  Hamilton  [q.v.]  ; 
j  while  in  command  of  Surprise  said  to  have  taken  or 
:  destroyed  eighty  privateers  and  merchantmen,  1797-9; 
I  knighted  and  awarded  the  freedom  of  the  city  for  cutting 
out  the  Hermione  at  Puerto  Cabello,  1799 ;  captured  by 
French,  but  exchanged ;  engaged  in  blockading  northern 
French  coast,  1801;    dismissed  the  service  for  inflicting 
excessive  punishment,  1802,  but  raedally  reinstated,  1802 ; 
commanded  royal  yacht  and  ninoe  Regent,  1806-19; 
created  baronet,  1818;  vice-admiral,  1837  ;  admiral,  1846. 
;  [xxiv.  146] 

•  HAKHTOK,  ELIZABETH,  Comtbssk  dr  Grammont 
1(1641-1708),  *\&  belle  Hamilton';  sister  of  Anthony 
;  Hamilton  [q.  v.],  who  brought  about  her  marriage  with 
Philibert,  comtc  de  Grammont,  1663 ;  lived  in  France 
I  from  1664.  [xxiv.  146] 

I       HAHZLTOH,  ELIZABETH,  Duchess  op  Hamilton, 
:  afterwards  of  Argyll  (1734-1790)i    [Sec  Gunnino.] 

BAXILTOK,    ELIZABETH     (1768-1816X    author; 
I  Bister  of  Charles  HamUton  (1763  ?-1792)  [q.  v.]  ;  pobUibed 


HAMILTON 


560 


HAMTLTON 


*Tho  Hindoo  Rajah,*  1796,  'Memoirs  of  Modern  Philo- 
aopbers,'  1800,  azid  seyeral  educational  works,  besides  *The 
Cottagers  of  Glenbami«  *  (1808)  and  *  My  ain  Fireside ' 
(song).  [xxiy.  147] 

HAIOXTOK,  EMMA,  Ladt  (17617-1816),  wife  of 
Sir  WiUiam  HamUton(17S0-18US)  [q.v.]  the  ambassador ; 
tUe  Lyon ;  went  to  London,  1778,  probably  as  a  nurse- 
maid to  family  of  Dr.  Richard  Budd  [q.  v.]  ;  said  to  have 
been  the  'Qoddeas  of  Health*  in  exhibiti<Hi  of  James 
Oraham  (1745-1794)  [q.  ▼.] :  lived  under  protection  of 
Sir  Harry  Fetherstonhangh  and  Hon.  Charles  Oreville 
as  Emily  Hart,  1780-4 ;  refined  by  innocent  intimacy  with 
Ronmey,  1788 :  became  mistress  of  Sbr  William  Hamilton 
at  Naples,  1786,  and  was  married  to  him  in  England,  1791 ; 
intimate  with  Queen  Maria  Carolina  at  Naples;  first  saw 
Nelson,  1793 :  Intimate  with  Nelson  on  his  return  from 
the  Nile,  1798 :  together  with  her  husband  accompanied 
Ndson  to  Palernu),  1800,  and  afterwards  to  England, 
giving  birth  to  Horatia,  30  Jan.  1801 ;  received  the  cross 
of  Malta  from  the  czar  for  supposed  services  to  the 
Maltese,  1799 ;  claimed  to  have  rendered  important  politi- 
cal services  while  at  Naples,  but  these  claims,  although 
endorsed  by  Nelson,  were  ignored  by  British  ministry : 
involved  in  debt  by  her  extravagances,  in  spite  of  legacies 
from  Nelson  and  Hamilton  ;  assisted  by  Alderman  Joshua 
J.  Smith  to  escape  from  king's  bench  to  Calais,  where  she 
died  in  obscurity.  [xxlv.  148] 

HAMHTOK,  FERDINAND  PHILTP  (1664-1760X 
painter  to  Charles  Y  at  Vienna ;  eldest  son  of  James 
HamUton  (A  1640-1680)  [q.  v.]  of  Murdieston. 

[xxiv.  185] 

HAIOXTOH,     FRANCIS    (1762-1839).     [See     Bu- 

CHAXAX.] 

HAHZLTOK,  GAVIN  (1661  ?-1612X  bishop  of  Callo- 
way :  graduated  at  St.  Andrews,  1584 ;  minister  of  Hamil- 
ton :  bishop  of  Galloway,  1605  (consecrated,  1610) :  dean  of 
Chapel  Royal,  Holyrood,  160C.  '[xxiv.  164] 

HAIOXTOH,  GAVIN  (1730-1797X  painter  and  exca- 
vator :  lived  principally  at  Rome ;  during  short  residence 
in  London  member  of  committee  for  forming  Royal  Aca- 
demy, 1755 ;  occasionally  exhibited  at  the  Royal  Academy : 
his  *  Apollo '  seen  at  International  Exhibition  of  1862 : 
published  *  Schola  Itcdica  Pictune,*  1773 ;  carried  on  exca- 
vations at  Hadrian's  vlUa  below  Tivoli,  Monte  Cagnuolo. 
the  district  of  the  Alban  hills  and  the  territory  of  ancient 
Gabii,  selling  his  *  finds '  to  the  Museo  Pio-Clementiuo,  the 
Townley  collection.  Lord  Lansdowne,  and  other  collectors ; 
his  marbles  now  in  the  Louvre.  [xxiv.  155] 

HAHZLTOH,  GAVIN  (1753-1805),  friend  of  Bums: 

Erominent  in '  New  Light  *  dispute  in  Mauchline :  defended 
1  Bums's  theological  satires.  [xxiv.  156] 


:.TOK,  Sir  GEORGE,  first  baronet  (d.  1679X 
n^alist;  fourth  son  of  James  Hamilton,  first  earl  of 
Abercom  [q.  v.] ;  created  an  Irish  baronet,  1660,  for 
services  during  me  rebellion.  [xxiv.  177] 

HAIOXTOH,  Lord  GEORGE,  Earl  up  Orknky 
(1666-1737),  general ;  fifth  son  of  WiUUm  Douglas,  third 
duke  of  Hamilton  [q.  v.]  ;  distinguished  under  William  III 
in  Ireland  and  Flandiers  ;  severely  wounded  at  Namur,  1695, 
and  promoted  brigadier ;  married  (1695)  Elizabeth  Villiers, 
William's  mistress;  created  a  Scottish  peer,  1696;  lieu- 
tenant-general, 1704;  K.T.,  1704;  captured  12,000  men 
and  1,300  officers  at  Blenheim,  1704;  saved  citadel  of 
Liige,  1705  :  led  pursuit  after  Ramillies,  1706  ;  prominent 
at  Oudoiaide,  1706,  favouring  immediate  advance  on 
Paris ;  commanded  the  van  at  passage  of  Scheldt,  1708  ; 
opened  attack  at  Malplaquet,  1709;  elected  a  Scottish 
representative  peer,  1707  ;  privy  councillor,  1710 ;  lord  of 
the  bedchamber,  1714 ;  governor  of  Virginia,  1714 ;  field- 
marshal,  1786.  [xxiv.  156] 

HAHUTOH,  GEORGE  (1783-1830),  biblical  scholar; 
fourth  son  of  Hugh  Hamilton  (1729-1805)  [q.  v.]  ;  M.A.  • 
Trinity  College,  Dublin,  1821 ;  rector  of  Kiltermogh,  1809-  j 
1830;  published  *  Introduction  to  Study  of  the  Hebrew 
Scriptures,*  1813,  'Codex  Criticus  of  the  Hebrew  Bible,'  , 
1821,  and  controversial  tracts.  [xxiv.  158]      | 

HAHUTOH,  GEORGE  ALEXANDER  (1802-1871),  j 
politician ;  of  Rugby  and  Trinity  College,  Oxford ;  B.A.. 
1821 :  D.C.L.,  1853 ;  elected  on  petition  for  Dublin,  1836 ;  , 
Rat  for  Dublin  University,  1843-59 ;  formed  Conservative  , 
Society  for  Ireland ;  presented  protestant  petition  of  1837 ;  ) 


financial  secretary  to  treasury,  1852,  and  186^9;  per- 
manent secretary,  1859 ;  privy  councillor,  1869. 

[xxiv.  IH] 
HAHZLTOH,  GDSTAVUS,  Viscount  Boynk  (IW- 
1723X  grandson  of  Claud  Hamilton,  baroo  Paisley  [q.  t.]; 
defended  Euniskillen  and  Coleraine  against  Jaoobita, 
1689 ;  conmianded  a  regiment  at  the  Bojne,  MM, 
Athlone,  1691,  and  Vigo,  1707  ;  major-general,  1703:  pmy 
councillor  under  William  III,  Anne,  and  George  I ;  ensfed 
Irish  baron,  1715 ;  created  Viscount  Boyne  in  Irish  peenct 
1717.  [xxiv.  TM] 

HAHUTOH.  HENRY  PARR  (1794-1880),  don  of 
Salisbury ;  sou  of  Alexander  HamRtou  (1789  -1802)  [q.  v.] ; 
fellow  of  Trinity  College,  Cambridge:  ninth  wru^ 
1816 ;  M.A.,  1819 ;  rector  of  Wath,  Yorkshire,  and  ia> 
cumbent  (1833-44)  of  St.  Mary  the  Great.  Oambridfe: 
F.R.S.,  1828 ;  contributed  largely  to  reatoration  of  fafe 
catheibial:  published  educational  pamphlet*  and  worti 
OQ  analytical  geometry  and  oooic  sections,    [xxiv.  IM] 

HAHZLTOH,  HUGH  or  HUGK),  first  Babos  HAHiir 
TON  OP  Glrnawlkt  (d.  1679),  soldier ;  having  serrel  in 
Swedish  army  was  naturalised  and  ennobkd ;  cresled  is 
Irish  peer,  1660 ;  settled  in  Ireland.  [xxiv.  110] 

HAHZLTOH,  HUGH,  Baron  Hamilton  in  Sweta 
(d,  1724),  Swedish  general :  nephew  of  Hugh 


(d.  1679)  [q.  v.] ;  distinguished  himself  against  theSaiok 
1710,  and  Russians,  1719 ;  ancesUv  of  Sweiish  oonnti^ 

[xxiv.  Ill] 
HAHZLTOH,  HUGH  (1729-1805X  bishop  of  Ctadst 
and  Ossory ;  MJl.  Dublin,  1750 :  DJ).,  1761 ;  fellDV  d 
Trinity  College,  Dublin,  1751-64 ;  professor  of  nsUni 
philosophy,  1759;  dean  of  Armagh,  1768-06:  FJLA: 
bishop  of  Clonfert,  1796-9,  of  Ossory,  1799 ;  ooUected  vsrti 
issued,  1809.  [xxiv.  Id] 

HAHZLTOH,  HUGH  DOUGLAS  (1734  ?-1806):  por- 
trait-painter :  exhibited  with  Incorporated  Society  (1771, 
and  1773-5)  and  Free  Society  of  Artists,  1772;  wait  to 
Rome,  1778 ;  returned  to  Dnblin,  1791.  [xxiv.  161] 

HAHZLTOH,  Sir  JAMBS,  of  Csdzow,  flnt  BaMT 
Hamilton  (d.  1479  X  connected  with  boose  of  Doqgkf 
by  his  marriage  with  widow  of  fifth  earl  and  that  of  ber 
daughter  (Fair  Maid  of  Galloway)  with  WilliaiD,fligUh 
earl:  lord  of  parliament,  1445;  aooompanied  tfaeeigbtk 
Earl  of  DougUks  to  Rome,  1460,  and  attended  him  to  Hi 
fatal  meeting  with  James  11  at  Stirling,  1452;  joiari 
James,  ninth  earl  of  Douglas,  in  rennnciatlon  ol  sthgiMW 
and  subsequent  submlssioii,  }453 :  advised  another  ielMl> 
lion,  but  went  oxer  to  the  king  owing  to  Dooglu^  wk* 
ness :  oommissi<mer  for  peace  with  Knglnnd  andshofiff  t( 
Lanarkshire,  1455 :  married  Mary  Stewart,  after  d 
James  ni,  1469.  [xxiv.  Uf] 

HAHZLTOH,  JAMES,  second  Baron  Hajolton  bbI 
first  Earl  op  Arran  (1477  7-1529X  son  of  Sir  JsM 
Hamilton,  first  baron  Hamilton  [q.  v.]:  mads  pdiy 
councillor  by  James  IV,  whose  marriage  with  Msi^u^ 
Todor  he  negotiated,  1503 ;  created  Earl  of  Ainm  lortfB 
in  tournament,  1508 ;  when  lientenant-genenl  of  Sell' 
land  helped  to  reduce  Western  Isles  (1504)  and  torMitah 
blish  king  of  Denmark ;  detained  in  England  by  Henry  Tu 
after  embassy  to  France,  1607 :  during  minority  of  JonaY 
opposed  Angus  and  the  English  party ;  plotted  sgaiiaitts 
regent  Albany ;  president  of  council  of  regency  dniif 
Albany's  absence  in  France,  1517-20 ;  defeated  in  atusv* 
to  overpower  Angus  in  Edinhurgii,  1620;  again  menter 
of  council  of  regency,  1522,  and  lieutenant  of  Uie  sootk; 
joined  queen-dowager  in  ousting  Albany  and  produnflV 
James  V,  1524 ;  compelled  by  Henry  VIII  to  tmiM 
Angus  to  council ;  supported  Angus  against  TifimnXi  10^ 
but  on  escape  of  James  V  from  the  Dooglases  reeeim 
Bothwell  from  Angus's  forfeited  estates.        [xxiv.  Itt] 

HAHZLTOH,  Sir  JAMBS,  of  Finnart  (<!.  1540Xn9«l 
architect ;  natural  son  of  James  Hamilton,  second  biiw 
Hamilton  [q.  v.] ;  prominent  as  the  *  Bastard  of  Aioa 
in  his  father's  feuds  with  the  Douglases,  espeoislly  •> 
*  Cleanse  the  Causeway,'  1520 :  assassinated  Lennoc  iHMi 
a  prisoner  after  Linlithgow,  1526 ;  legitimated  by  Janv^.' 
as  designer  of  Craignethan  and  restorer  of  Linlithgovi" 
Falkland  ;  executed  for  alleged  plot  to  murder  the  ktaf- 

[xxiv.lS 

HAHZLTOH,  JAMES,  second  Earl  or  Abeax  m 
Duke  op  ChItklhkrault  (</.  1575),  governor  of  90*' 
land  :  eldest  son  of  James  Hamilton,  second  baron  Hi«fr 
ton  [q.  V.];   chosen 'governor  of  Scotland  (as  *■■* 


-3 


HAMTLTOK 


LTOV,  JAMBS.' 


trod  id  Sootfl  f{iuT^*  1 


HAMTLTON 


■1  (or  tent/  ulUx  pobUc  djipiiU^aa.  1< 
jntctfltQr  At  Ugmlrua  and  Bduibiir^li. 

[Ik.,.  ,« 

tt,  biBLiop   oT   C 

iilnlaler  of  (!»mli 

d.l«3»i,but  muinil.lass:  guppor 


HAXILTOir.  JAU^.  oJ 


ii«e^  1701^  pcivy  coancllUn'. 

HAXILTOir,  JAMB9.  »vmtb 
(d.  nu\  Homul  nm  ol  Juoa  Hi 


!«Brm»eH.  [iiH.  ISi] 

Q«ori^  HamilliDQ  [q.  V.I ; 
sea :  ioca»tel  u  Kul  ol 
(Iriih  pser- 


a  Sliurt  (.Mony)  attempted  to  capture  BoUi- 
h  b/  ^/dw&iag  rTwrt  BKTftl  FL&  from  th« 
took  part  in  ae^  of  If  LtJi,  and  s%iiat  tbe  '  laxt 


^  lHD-1  ;  on   Knox's  ^■ 


bj  Kdox.  1M3;  rentier  ^n 


fTom  lyAugeli.  (q  r 
delplilo,  181(1,  (ul   b 


at  Hunllton,  ITM. 

I  tystem  at  AiUi- 
K  of  popUi  -.  Tery 


£TOV,  JAMB3,  Bnt  Eul  or  A.beiicorn 
•oa  of  OliBd  HamUloo,  bum  riielcy  [q.  t.]  : 

1  at  On  bedcbamber  10  June*  VI :  priry 
(u  muler  of  Fi^dey),  ItWi  aberlll  or  Lin- 
.  . .^ n  (SooUaDd).  laoB : 


I.T(lt<,  JAMBS,  H 


SAJOITDN,  JAMBS,  tl 


nW.  ie*J ;  publiabod  medical  works.  [hit.  laJ] 

EAXHTON,     jambs     (ISU-IMTX    pinhyleriu 
■nat  at  St.   Geor^'B,    EdLobcu^b.    1H3H ;    mlaLfll«T  ol 


n  Ur^  BTontA  LD  UlBt«r, 


Adoliiina.  l«SO-« :  ai  Oh*tIn  r>  a 
ffslr^  peniudcd  him  to  r«TtAe  \\K  pr 


1„1TM:  iMi8  0b«n;itl 


1747-18HX 
ity  Collet 


I  astronomer  al  Armagh  Obwrvalory.  IJBU.    [irt-.  190J 
I       HAXILTOII.  JANET  (179t-israx  Sooulah  poeteta: 
daogbMr  of  »  l*nca»blre  Bboemaker;  hep  'Poems  and 
P™«Wopka-oollecl^byber«>o,lBeo.        [i.iv.  199] 


HAMILTON 


562 


HAMUiTON 


EAHHTOH,  JOHN  (1611  ?-1671),  archbishop  of  St. 
Andrews :  nataral  iion  of  James  Hamilton,  first  earl  of 
Arran  [q.  v.]  ;  keeper  of  the  privy  seal,  1543  :  bishop  of 
Dankeld,  164S ;  archbishop  of  St.  Andrews,  1546 ;  recon- 
ciled Arran  with  Beaton;  promulgated  Hamilton's 
catechism  at  synod  of  1652 ;  endowed  St.  Mary's  College, 
St.  Andrews ;  peisecated  protestants ;  accepted  new  con- 
fession, 1560 ;  Imprisoned  for  popish  practices,  1563 ; 
member  of  coonclls  of  Mary  Qneen  of  Scots,  1566; 
divorced  Both  well  from  I^dy  Jane  Gordon,  1567 ;  pre- 
sent at  Langside,  1668 :  hanged  at  Stirling  on  charge  of 
being  accessory  to  Damley's  mnrder  and  of  complicity  in 
that  of  Moray.  [xxiv.  190] 

HAXUTOK,  JOHN,  first  Marquis  of  Hamtlton 
(1532-1604X  second  son  of  James  Hamilton,  doke  of 
ChAtelberault  [q.  v.] ;  assisted  Bothwell  and  negotiated 
with  Englajnd  for  deliverance  of  Mary ;  furthered  assassi- 
nation of  Moray  (1570)  in  revenge  for  forfeiture:  repre- 
sented his  family  at  pacification  of  Perth.  1573 ;  head  of 
his  family  after  death  of  OhAtelheraolt,  1576 ;  in  constant 
danger  of  his  life  from  Sir  William  Douglas  (d.  1606) 
[q.  v.]  :  escaped  to  France,  1679 ;  joined  his  brother.  Lord 
Claud  Hamilton  [q.  v.],  in  England,  and  thence  went  to 
Scotland,  1684;  recovered  his  estates;  In  favour  with 
James  YI ;  went  on  embassy  to  Denmark,  1688 ;  a  lord 
of  the  articles,  1694;  accompanied  James  VI  against 
Huntly ;  sat  on  Huntly's  trial ;  created  marquis,  1599. 

[xxiv.  19S] 

HAXUTOK,  JOHN  {fi.  1668-1609X  anti-protestant 
writer;  described  himself  as  the  queen's  '  daily  orator  * : 
probably  Mary  Stuart's  messenger  to  Alva,  1668-9 ;  tutor 
to  Cardinal  de  Bourbon,  1576 ;  rector  of  Paris  University, 
1584;  prominent  member  of  French  Catholic  League; 
adjutant  of  thirteen  hundred  armed  ecclesiastics,  1690; 
on  the  entry  of  Henri  Quatre  (1594)  escaped  to  Brussels ; 
executed  in  effigy  for  murder  of  Taidif ;  returned  to  Soot- 
land,  1600,  with  Edmund  Hay  [q.  v.],  and  secretly  cele- 
brated mass :  captured,  1608 ;  died  in  prison.  He  published 
at  Pari8(1681)  tract  in  favour  of  transubetantlatlon,  with 
appendix  dedicated  to  James  VI,  and  at  Lonvain  (1600) 
a  treatise,  with  prayers,  also  dedicated  to  the  king. 

[xxiv.  196] 

HAXUTOH,  Sir  JOHN,  first  Baron  Barokny  {d. 
1668  X  royalist ;  grandson  of  John,  first  marquis  of  Hamil- 
ton [q.  v.]  :  created  a  Scottish  peer,  1639.      [xzlv.  197] 

HAMILTOK,  JOHN,  second  Baron  Bargrkt  (tf. 
1693),  son  of  Sir  John  Hamilton,  first  baron  Bargeny 
[q.  v.] ;  Imprisoned  as  disaffected,  1679-80 ;  raised  regi- 
ment for  William  of  Orange,  1689.  [xxiv.  197] 

HAMILTOK,  JOHN,  second  Baron  Belhayrn 
(1666-1708X  Imprisoned  and  compelled  to  apologise  for 
remarks  on  Duke  of  York,  1681 ;  contributed  to  settle- 
ment of  Scottish  crown  on  William  III,  1689,  and  be- 
came privy  councillor;  strong  supporter  of  Darieu 
scheme ;  advocated  Act  of  Security,  1703,  and  strongly 
opposed  the  union,  his  speech  of  1706  becomhig  famous 
as  '  Belha\'en's  Vision ' ;  imprisoned  (1708)  on  suspicion  of 
favouring  French  invasion.  [xxiv.  197] 


:T0K,  JOHN  id.  1756),  captain  in  the  navy  ; 
second  son  of  James  Hamilton,  seventh  earl  of  Aber- 
com  [q.  v.]  ;  distinguished  at  >%Teck  of  the  Louisa,  1736  : 
had  the  Klnsale  fitted  with  nine-pounders  and  canvas 
screens,  1742 :  drowned  near  Spithead.  [xxiv.  199] 

HAXUTOK,  JOHN  {ft.  1766-1786X  painter ;  director 
of  Incorporated  Society  of  Artists,  1773.       [xxiv.  199] 

HAXUTOK,  JOHN  (1761-1814),  Scottish  song- 
writer ;  contributed  to  Johnson's '  Museum,'  and  helped 
Scott  with  '  Border  Minstrelsy ' ;  composed  songs,  includ- 
ing'  Up  In  the  Momin'  Early '  and  '  The  Ploughman.' 

[xxiv.  199] 

HAXUTOK,  Sir  JOHN,  first  baronet  (1755-1836X 
lieutenant-general ;  served  in  East  Indian  army  in  Cutch 
Behar  and  against  Mahrattas  (1778),  and  In  British 
against  Tippoo  Sahib,  1790-1 :  lieutenant-colonel  of  the 
81st  in  San  Domingo  and  Kaffir  war  of  1800;  in- 
spector-general of  Portuguese  army,  1809;  commanded 
divisions  at  Albuera,  1811,  and  the  NiveUe,  1813 ;  Ueu- 
tcnant-general,  1814  ;  created  baronet,  1816.  [xxiv.  200] 

HAXUTOK,  JOHN  GEORGE  (166S-1736  ?}.  painter 
at  Vienna ;  son  of  James  Hamilton  (>C  1640-1680)  [q.  v.] 

[xxiv.  186] 


HAXUTOK,  MAL(X)LM  (1686-1699X  S««dbh 
general;  naturalised  as  Swedish  noble,  1664;  ermfiad 
Baron  Hamilton  de  Hageby,  1693.  [xxiv.  100] 

HAXUTOK,  MARY,  DucHRSS  op  Hamltdx  (ICIS- 
16S8X  hidyof  the  bedchamber  to  Henrietta  Maria:  Wtlle 
wrote  *  Thyrsis  Galatea '  in  her  pnise.  [xxiv.  Iffi] 

HAXUTOK,  Ladt  MARY,  (1789-1816X  oovcfiit; 
nie  Leslie ;  lived  with  her  second  husband  in  Fnuice,tai 
was  intimate  with  Sir  Herbert  Croft  (1761-1816)  [q.T.j 
and  Charles  Nodier ;  published  four  novels,  [xxiv.  201] 

HAXUTOK,  PATRICK  (1504?-1698X  Seolthk 
martyr;  grandson  of  Sir  Jamee  Hamilton  of  Oadisv, 
lord  Hamilton  [q.  v.]  ;  M.A.  Paris,  16t0 ;  M.A.  St  A» 
drews,  1524 ;  saw  Luther  and  MelanchttaoQ  at  Witte»  ' 
berg ;  at  Marburg,  1627,  composed  his  *  Lod  CamBaHi' 
(•Patrick's  Pleas'):  after  return  to  Scotland  chsiid 
with  seven  articles  of  heresy ;  sentenced  by  ArchbiBlMf 
Beaton  and  burnt  at  St.  Andrews;  had  previoosly con- 
verted Alexander  Alesius  [q.  v.]  [xxiv.  901] 

HAXUTOK,  RICHARD  (/.  1688),  JaooWte  Bei- 
tenant-general;  brother  of  Anthony  Hamilton  [q.  v.]; 
served  with  distinction  In  French  army :  banished  Fmeb 
court  for  seeking  Princess  de  (>onti  In  marriaee :  deqpatcM 
by  Tyrconnel  with  troops  to  help  James  II  in  Bngkad, 
1688 :  sent  by  William  in  with  offers  to  Irish  catboics; 
deserted  to  Tyrconnel,  1689 ;  commanded  at  si«9ge  id.  Deny, 
16W:  captured  at  the  Boyne;  sent  to  the  Tower,  lOO: 
rejoined  James  in  France.  [xxiv.  201] 

HAXUTOK,  RICHARD  WINTER  (17M-1848XiB- 
dependent  minister ;  minister  of  Albion  (aftenrardto  of 
Belgrave)  Chapel,  Leeds:  LL.D.  Glasgow,  1844:  dnir- 
man  of  (}ongregational  Union,  1847 ;  published  *Hon»ct 
Vhidicin  Sabbaticse,'  1847.  [xxir.  901] 

HAXUTOK,  Sir  ROBERT,  second    baronet  (IMO- 

'  1701),  covenanting  leader;   educated    onder  Banxt  it 

:  Glasgow ;  one  of  the  composers  of  Rntiiern^en  deelsrstia. 

I  1679 :  show^  cowardice  in  command  at  Drnmdog  snl 

at  Bothwell  Brigg,  1679;  fled  to  HoUand;  visited  Ocr 

many   and   Switzerland   as   commissioner  for  Soottiil 

Presbyterian  church ;  returned  and  succeeded  as  baroMt. 

.  1688:   imprisoned   tm  susi^cimi    of  having  dnwa  ^ 

'  Sanquhar  declaration,  1692-3.  [xxhr.  90i] 

HAXUTOK,  ROBERT  0721-1793^  physician:  pok- 
lishod  work  on  scrofula,  1791.  [xxir.  K^ 

HAXUTOK,  ROBERT  (174S-18S9),  pratasor  c( 
natural  philosophy  and  mathematics  at  Aberdeaa,  IfTI- 
1829 :  published  *  Inquiry  concerning  the  Rise  and  ?» 
gress,  Raluction  and  Prnent  State,  and  tiw  Mamgaot 
of  the  National  Debt,'  1813.  [xxiv.  SOT] 

HAXUTOK.  ROBERT  (1749-1830),  physiciSD:  HA 
Edhiburgh,  1780;  served  in  the  army;  praotted  at 
Ipswich ;  published  *  Duties  of  a  Regimental  SucKtoi.' 
1788,  and  a  book  on  the  cure  of  hydrophobia. 

[xxiv.  9W] 

HAXUTOK,    ROBERT  (1750?-1831X  tegsl  wrikr 

,  and  genealogist ;  served  in  American  war :  sheriff  flf 

Lanarkshire ;    clerk  of  session ;   aoocunpanied  Soott  • 

voyage  (1814)  as  oommissiooer  of  northern  lights :  cdM 

'  (1803)  'Decisions  of  Court  of  Session,  from  KoniM 

1769  to  January  1772.'  [xxiv.  SOf] 

HAXUTOK,  SIR  ROBERT  GEORGE  (TBOOC- 
I  SHANK  (1836-1896),  governor  of  Tasmania ;  edoestfldil 
University  and  King's  College,  Aberdeen :  M.A.,  IW: 
honorary  LL.D.,  1886  ;  clerk  in  oommissariat  depaftoat 
in  Crimea,  1855 ;  in  charge  of  flnance  of  edocstion*- 
partment,  1861 ;  accountant,  1869,  and  asststant-secntflTt 
1872-8,  to  board  of  trade ;  accountant-general  of  VXf> 
1878 ;  permanent  secretary  to  admiralty,  1882 :  pn*' 
nent  under-secretary  for  Ireland,  1883-^ ;  K.G3<  MM: 
governor  of  Tasmania,  1886-93.  [SnppL  iL  M] 

HAXUTOK,  Sir  ROBERT  NORTH  CX)LLIB.stx* 
baronet  (1802-1887),  Indian  official ;  educated  at  BiilV 
bury ;  acting  secretary  in  political  departmeoi.  BomA 
1830 ;  resident  with  Holkar  of  Indore,  1844-67;  warn 
to  baronetcy,  1863;  viceroy's  agent  for  Central  MJ^ 
1864-9 ;  his  plan  for  padflcationof  Central  India  idopw: 
K.C.B. :  member  of  supreme  council  of  India,  186M0> 

[xziv.tf] 


HAMILTON 

TOS,    en    TBOMAS,    Lonn    Druhciirx 

ICLntlSE,  Ajld  afluVBTdB  Qnt  BlRL  Of   HaO' 

/t.  Usa-leW)  [q,  '0  at  Psrli :  mlmitud  iidio. 
kird  I*  HBlou  u  L<nd  Dmmcaim.  US): 

r  Jama  VI :  Uug'a  ulvocalE,  l&uii :  knlgblaj 
igusiH  Vl'i  itc(w.iloii  u  Junes  I  ot  En^Innd : 
AiBr  for  DnLen^lftriL  procund  ImprlHanKDI 
MdiUk  ud  eucuUon  of  Sprot  rur  nmnBcCliKi 
t  muplncT  at  1100 :  ime  ol  tlw  new  OdU- 

A  Bjn^  1613 ;  prwi«Dt  of  ooun  o(  settgLon. 
:¥mHd  Karl  Dl  Uclrosc,  ItilS,  for  obUinlDK 
1  ^uviMliiiDjflm  by  six  antcla  cif  Perth, 
priij-  bhI.  ID36 :  bl4  Ijtle  sbuiged  to  Eul  ol 


HAMILTON 

ILTtlN.  W1LUAM(if.  I7It).oI  WUtan':  u 
bit  '  AcMuni  of  ibe  Shjm  ol  Hmfreir  ■ 
<dl(at  n;  William  UotberwaU  [q.  t.].  IMS. 


KUCXTON,  WILUAM  (il.  iria). 
Armag-h;  MJ_  Trinity  I^oIIbm,  Dl' " 
■--      -  ■  ■      -     -  ■  ■a,  Ijoo-j; 


[" 


roB.  THouAs,  Kfoid 

'  Haddin^toD  [q.  r.] ;  prir;  mnnclllor.  1017  ; 
fs  coTenants'  lOSA;  drew  up  Dlu^4'  procln- 
9;  dcfrndBl  banlm,  IHO;  pertabid  to  ciplo- 
gUMOasUe.  (lilt.  SIS] 

ron,  TaOMAS,  eiitb  IUhl  or  Hidpdioton 


l'tl8M),-MBq  uul  W 


liDStOD.    LHI7-14.    1 
Bli-»,  and  Yunwi 


ml  ot  Inland,  1834-t ;  finl  lord  o: 

rOH.  THOMAS  (17M-Iuex  arcbt 
at  modnninit*  al  AUowBj,  IBia,  •! 
,  l^nci  column  at  GlRs^w,  189A,  T( 
LlDpcnal  inaxand  town  buildings 


n-Ibe-But.  Diford.  lluT~tl :  cnnon  ol  6allit 
:  tilibop  nt  gaUibuiy.  l«M-«9,  ntnblitbiai 
niUcge,  IMl ;  publiilial  namnlilrc  on  -GaOie 
i.'18M.  [wiy.Sial 

lOir.  WTLLIAU  DT.  (a.  11U7),  cluuinUor  o 
i«~Fhaawllarto  tbiklug.  1186:  dean  of  rork 
xUor  ol  England.  lSW-7.  [iiir,  IIT] 

109.  WILLIAM.  Kcond  Di'ke  or  Hauilto? 
,  brother  of  JaniFa  HauHJtoD,  tlratiluke[q,  v.] 


rwU  ;  BUS! 
K.f).  and 


Annagb.  l)iw-sa:  pobiiibs)  Ufto! 

aUDLTOB.  WILI.IAJ>t  (1GIIST.1IS1),  ot  OUbert- 
Id  ;  poet ;  conwpoBdHd  in  vera*  witb  Allan  Itamnj  in 
■.tea  FimUiar  ttptaUa  wblcb  paurd  bctirecn  LlcaM- 

.  dog.  ■  Bouoy  Heek,'  and  ■  Willie  wu  a  WanloB  Wag  ■ ; 
rldRBl  and  InodenilMd  ailad  Hairj'J  •  Wallaw."  ITtf. 


e; 


ILTON,   WII.LI41I  { 


-]7!l<),  D(  Bansour: 
Kamny'i  -Tik-TabK 
cf'EFbmud  vIctDTTof 
wblli    kidlng   attar 


Ld'EplKdeor  tbc  Tbjotle';  mule  tbe  cwtiM 
jaoBlaUon  Into  Bngllfh  blank  nne ;  bla  poenia 
Pnolla,  1748,  and  ponbiin»LBlj :  died  aC  t^mm. 

LION,  WILLIAM  fl7i 


ILTOH,  WILLIAM  inaS-lTST).  na 
! :  (ellDw  of  Trtniij  OollEtra,  Dublin, 


zrs.^ 


Antrim.'  IIM:  muit 


If  basdltU  at  Sliaron,  17 


bitollsl 

acrlptnrnl  aihl  Hbake^warean  pinurea,  Dud  portraita.  In 
c      „n      .„an  B-a  "'["j.it.iM] 

1  WILLIAM  (1730-1IJ03),  dinlo- 
'Ut;  grandKKi  of  WlUiam  Dou^laa. 
>n[q.  T.l:  M,r..  MUliurat.  1781-4; 

ot  Teuivlas.  wl'tneulnK  1774  and 
1777  pruptloin;  riilled  Btun;  F.iLB.,  Wsc;  pnbliabBd 
'Campl  PUtviwl.'  llle  (al»  a  aupiflcmeut,  177S).  and 
□tliEr  «Drk3  detdribing  Dbaeriationi  el  Toliauxn  and 
Calabrlan  eanbqaakn :  ttat  aciiouut  of  Fompi'iau  dlaco- 
vcrlHtaSocletyat Aotlquarira;  sold coUcctloni  olQnak 

Tbonuu  Hope.  IbUl ;   panibaaed  IroRi  Gavin  Eamllton 
tl7i)-17»7)  [q.  v.]  •  Warwick  Vbk,'  and  from  Byns,  tb« 


De  Ouli 


iifonU  wben  he  w 


duod  by  ^  Obi^ioopber  Kortb  ' 
bufvb,    IBU;  viBllul   Oermauy, 


lloaopblda^  npnlation  made 
BATiew,'  ISIB-Hll;  eleEMd  to 
ilo  at  Mlnburgh.  IMS ;  miuli 
H(iid.  UaoBd  and  Telub,  li 


and  logio 


HAMILTOy 


iglc-apagDh  Hmnlluni ' :  gi 
{*.  im;  [q.  T.l ;  edaatc 
l<ge,Oi(onl:  itudeutol  I 


WlLLTAJt     OBnAlID    <17W-i; 


It  WUlLui  HamU 


m,  KUMicgi  (Irfdi  puUuDoit). : 
IT  for  Inlud.  17«l-t,iiadahuH..._ 
,  ITU-M:  (poke  Mj  in  Iriihpulli 
.1 — 1    ii«    t.^  mbieqnmHj 


HAMUOND 


,  Sib  STXPHBN  LOVK.  Bnt  tuM 
(ir77-lW7),  •argm  utruidlDiiT  «>  Otoigt  If  mi 
WlUlnnlT;  lancmn  lo  N>»l  HcHplUl,Pl>IiHnUi.l8n: 
oiHUd  Mrouit,  18M ;  u  uigtiiM  ekdImi  ot  Lo^ 
t7«»(c;  publlilxd  -PiHticiilIUniutacB... 

KAKKOVD.     [BnaluHmaNi).] 
EAKKOSD,     ANTHONY    (IM8-17W),    port  aj 
'mphMeer;     grunl-tiepbew    f"    """■  "  


U  (tha     Doinnlty  b 


publlabed  > 
mmtapj  Logict- 

HAXUTOH,   WILLIAM 


WlghtX  18 


(1S0(-1837X    gno- 

uu!  UDtUngoi;  papil  of  ulirchl- 
mrttatj  ut  Geologic*!  Society. 
i  uid  IMt ;  HJ>..  N^Bpait  (iHle  of 


vmpblett  on  *'"■"'*  and  HrUuDentur  pnctkc;  cAM 
New  MUocUmv  ol  OrisUiBl  Fobib,'  17*0 ;  dMd  WOV 


IHt;  ptoldaitalBiVBiaeiisnpUU- ., . 

IBU,  wd  tM7 ;  miide  eiDandoai  In  Fnnn  and  Bdgliun. 
■Bd  wrote  papen  on  rocka  ol  Tascany  and  RoiJaitj  of 
ttas  IfaTBDOe  tuain  ud  Hsmi-ObsbfL  [xkIt.  iM] 

SAKILTON.    WILLIAK    RIOSARD  (177T-IN9). 


teaoXdlplomatM;  i 


B  Loid  Bl^n' 


...■wtarj 


t  at  BriUib  MoHUDi,  181S-D8:  pabllsbal 
'StfypOim'  (imt),  DonblnUig  llT¥t  Inmglatloni  of 
Bcaetta  lucripUoni.  [iili.  131] 

KAMILTOV,  aiB  WILLIAM  ROWAN  (1809-1861), 


[" 


.M] 


HAMMOHO.  aBORQB  (17U-18UX 
iDoatad  at  Uarton  OoUege.  Oxford  ;  tallow,  iim:  zj-, 
'H8i  ncTctaiyto  Savid  Bartley  U»  JWDRBF  [q.i.Jit 
krit.  1783:  i^har^^  d'alTitia  at  Tlama,  17B8-H:  Dm 
ritlati  minisUc  at  WatblngKn.  ir>l-t;  M  mite, 
cntan  for  furslEii  Btfain  (17>fr-iao«  and  IW-tJ 
and  Canning ;  ioint-tdlB'  d 


I" 


,M] 


omntod  iritta  Zerab  Oolbnni,  Ox  'ealcalating 
D07  i  at  kdztcm  dvtflctfld  an  irTor  of  reawnlng  In 
l«p1uc'a  ■  Mtaioiqne  COatie ' ;  at  Titnltj  Catlige.SnMiii. 

oeUor'a  prlxe  ter  BngUib  latt ;  vhlla  an  nndergraduaie  . 
prediflteit  *  omical  zvfncUon  * ;  appolntAl  Andnwi  pro- 
huu  of  Il>troIHNll]^  1817 :  ■atnmomR'  roTal  of  Irelsiid : 
pild  mcdaiUit  of  Rc^al  Society  for  optical  diiooTery 
and  for  (IBM)  theory  of  a  general  metbod  of  dynamlcB :  , 
kniglitcd.  IBU ;  prcaldenl  of  Royal  Irlab  Academy.  1837 : 
pat>]l»bed^LectamonQna1emionf/ 1863.  HU ' B^mente 
<rfQofttemionB'app*artdporthiiir~-*-  """ 


jL*(Ul 


HAnLTOK-SOWAH, 


„t" 


(SeeR. 


.K,] 


Hew  College,  Sifoid,  17 
(1T*S).  tnnslsHon 


AHOHIBALD    (lTfl-1834).  I 
low  of 


....     —     1    BBUOB    (18S4-18»3), 

REucrai;  »iuiiu at  Foral  MUltaiy  Aademy,  Woolwlob : 
lieutenant,  nyal  artillery,  1843;  Htatloned  at  nihraltHr- 
adjotimt  to  Colooel  (Sir)  Blchanl  Jama 


HAXKOXS,  JAMB3  (1710-17tl).  poet;  «a  ' 
AotliDny  BanuDond  <1>e8-i;38)  [q,  t.]:  edomtda 
Wntminatfl;  equerry  to  Fredaifk.  prince  tf  ^^ 
1731:  M.P.,Tnin),  ITIl-S:  aaid  to  have  died  for  li"' 
Kitty  Dashwood;  hie  -Loie  Blegin'  (If*))  (irttb  l» 
face  by  Chateifleld)  condemned  by  Dr.  Jfdmn  I* 
'  frigid  pedantry,-  [nil,**] 

HAXMora,  JOHN  (IMt-lWl),  clTWui:Mto'' 

d^jxTT  of  Rt.  Teal's.  LA73  ;  maiCer  of  Ghanctcy.  Etft: 
.71:  delrgitf  udietofenlM 


[q.  Tj  :  1(78;  M.P., 


Lamlnal  Caiopiao  (l»8I)  I 


hialory,  Sandtinrni.  lS»-«4;  pabUsbed  -Operations  of 
War.'  18W  :  Ueatenant-oolonel.  1884 ;  member  of  cooncll  1 
of  mlllUiy  edneatlon.  18H-70;  oommandast  of  itAtr  1 
odDegG,  187U-7 ;  major^oiBBl,  1877 :  Brilldi  oommlib 
•l«o«r  tor  ddlmlUtlon  of  Bnlgaria.  IS7>.  Annanlan 
fmtler,  1880.  and  Gmk  frontier.  1881 ;  KXl.U.O.,  1880 ; 
llentaiaDt-gcnaral,  1881:  commanded  dlvlelon  In  BsTpt. 
188S:  fcnght  at  Td-el-Keblr;  K.O.B,,  1881:  M.P.  for  ' 
BIrkenbead.  1801.  flnd  IBSS-K;  d^onel-eommaadut, 
royal  artillery.  1SB8;  ireneral.  I8f>l>;  pabllsbcd  nofala,  I 
-Sbakffipearu'i  Funeral.-  1H09.  and  military  worka,  ' 

ra.ppL  11.  MS]      I 

SAMKEEILEY.  JAMBB  ASTBURT  (1811-I8I!«),  : 
painter ;  master  of  Uanohaster  Scboo)  af  ScBign,  184P-«) : 
Drst  pneldeov  Ifanobener  Academy  of  Fine  Arts.  18t7-8I. 


EAKKOHS,  JOHN  <d.  181 7)^  pbyilclan  10  Jti 
on  of  John  Hammond  (IMI-IUS)  Tq.  y.1;  Ml 
rrlnlty  CoUegie.  CambridgE.   1S71;    M.A,  1*77: 


as  colonel  at  loot  In  the 

Powderbam  OtsUe  and  St  Hlcbael'i  Hoant: 
royalltls  at  Baling  Hoose. 


l»u.(4«a*   > 
•HA' 


HAMMOND 


565 


HANBURY 


HAMKOVB.  SAUUEL  (d.  1665),  nonconformist 
dirine ;  fellow  of  UagdaleneOoUege,  Oumbridge ;  chaplain 
to  Sir  Arthnr  Hesilrige  [q.  v.] ;  while  minister  at  New- 
castle (16&l'-60)  assisted  in  exposing  the  impostor,  Thomas 
Bamsaj:  assisted  in  writing  a  tract  against  quakers, 
16M.  [xxiv.  260] 

HAMMOVB.  WILLIAM  (A  IG^X  poet ;  his  *  Poems  * 
(ICM)  reprinted,  1816.  [xxiv.  851] 

HAMOVD.    [See  also  Hammond  and  Hamont.] 

HAHOVB,  Sir  ANDHBW  SNAPE,  flrat  baronet  ( 1788- 
US8X  comptn)Iler  of  the  navy :  present  at  Quiberon  Bay, 
17M ;  captain,  1770 :  knighted  for  services  in  Chesapeake 
expedition  and  defence  of  Sandy  Hook,  1778 ;  governor  of 
liova  Scotia,  1780-3 ;  created  baronet,  1788 :  commander 
at  the  Ncne,  178fr-6 ;  commissi<nier  of  the  navy,  1793 ; 
MJP.,  Ipswich,  1796-1806  ;  comptroller  of  the  navy,  1794- 
1806.  [xxiv.  S61] 

SAMOFD,  GBOBGB  (1630-1706),  ejected  divine; 
ILA.  Bxcter  OoUcge,  Ozf otd ;  studied  at  Trinity  Ck)llege, 
DaUOa ;  ejected  from  St.  Peter's  and  Trinity,  Dorchester, 
IMS :  prabyterian  minister  and  schoolmaster  at  Taonton, 
U71-86  ;  pastor  of  Armourers*  Hall,  London,  and  lecturer 
si  flatters'  HalL  [xxiv.  358] 

SAMOHD,  Bm  GRAHAM  EDEN,  second  baronet 
(inV186SX  admiral ;  son  <rf  Sir  Andrew  Snape  Hamond 
[4.  v.] :  otidshipman  on  Howe's  flagship  at  victory  of  1794  : 
CHmnaadfed  the  Blanche  at  Ck>penhagen,  18U1 :  captured 
Spsnish  treaaore  ships,  1804 ;  at  reduction  of  Flushing, 
1109;  commander  on  South  American  station,  1834-8; 
adminl,  1847 ;  admiral  of  the  fleet,  1863  ;  G.0J3.,  1866. 

[xxiv.  363] 

KAMOHD,  WALTER  iJl.  1648),  author  of  tracts  on 
ICsdagasoar,  1640  and  1643.  [xxiv.  363] 

HAMOHT,  MATTHEW  (<f.  1679),  heretic ;  burnt  at 
Korwidi.  On  his  case  Philip  van  Limboroh  corresponded 
vith  Locke,  1699.  [xxiv.  263] 


,,  V18COUST8.  [See  Trevor,  Robert 
Hampdkx-,  flist  Viscount,  17U6-1783;  Trevor,  John 
Bampdxx-,  third  Yiscount,  1749-1834;  Brand,  Sir 
Hdbt  Bocveris  William,  1814-1893,  flrst  yiscouKT  of 
Bew  acatifOD.] 


r,  JOHN  (1694-1648X  statesman  ;  educated 

■ft  Tbame  School  and    Magdalen  College,  Oxford  :  also 

■tndied  at  Inner  Temple;  M.P.  for  Gramponnd,  1631-6, 

Mdfcw  Wendover  In  flrst  three  parliaments  of  Charles  I : 

stewards   represented    Buckinghamshire ;   imprieonod 

(1187)  for  refusing  to  pay  forced  loan  of  1626 ;  prominent 

iftOfaatice  I's  third  parliament:  closely  associated  with 

Bt  John  Eliot  [q.  v.],  corresponding  with  him  when  Eliot 

vasin  prison ;  one  of  the  twelve  grantees  of  land  in  Cou- 

Mcticut,  1632  :  by  resisting  second  ship-money  writ,  1636 

(dedttred  legal  by  exchequer  court,  1638),  caused  it  to  be 

psid  with  increniring  reluctance ;  most  popular  member  in 

ttieShort  parliament,  1640 ;  led  the  opposition  to  the  king's 

teisad  (or  twelve  subsidies  in  exchange  for  the  aban- 

VBnwnt  of  ship-money,  1640 ;  exercised  great  influence 

over  Pym  in  the  Long  parliament,  and  proved  a  powerful 

yy«t  and  stratesrist :  as  one  of  the  managers  of  Straf- 

brd'b  impeachment  <^poeed  the  resolution  for  a  bill  of 

Attainder,  and  (1641)  obtained  leave  for  Strafford's  coun- 

Mt  to  be  heard  ;    supported  thq   root-and-branch  bill : 

geodtd  the  king  to  Scotland,  1641 ;  calmed  House  of 

^■QDQiu  after  the  carrying  of  the  Grand  Remonstrance, 

IMl:  impeached  by  the  attorney-general,  1643  (3  Jan.), 

y  t>aq>Bd  the  attempted  arrest  by  the  king  next  day  ; 

tteaed  to  move  (30  Jan.  1643)  the  resolution  giving 

<M^  of  Hm  mQitta  and  the  Tower  to  parliament ; 

*^  member    of  the  committee   of  safety  ;    raised 

[JRiiBait  of  foot  and  executed  the  militia  ordinance  in 

1*21*11  ooonty  after  JSdgehill,  joining  the  main  army 

^^rader  Essex,  whose   retreat   after   Edgebill  he 

HyiBiMd;   reabted    acceptance    of  Charles   I's  over- 

^Ibr  peace,  1643-8,  and  nrged  an  immediate  attack 

J^Ozlonl ;  mortally  wounded  La  a  skirmish  with  I'rinoe 

If^  at  GhaJgrove   Fiekl ;  died  at  Thame,  and  was 

'VltA  la  Qrmc  Hampdwi  (Church.  [xxiv.  264] 


condemned  to  death  for  high  treiuson  after  Mon- 
mouth's  rising,  16K5,  but  briboil  .lefTerics  and  Fetre,  and 
was  pardoned;  prominent  in  Convention  parliament 
(1689)  as  nn  extreme  whig:  oppo.sed  employment  by 
William  III  of  Halifax  and  other  ex-ministers;  com> 
mitted  suicide.  [xxiv.  363] 

HAHPDEN.  RENN  DICKSON  (1793-1868),  bishop 
of  Hereford:  fellow  of  Oriel  College,  Oxford,  1814; 
double  flrst,  1814;  M.A.,  1816;  D.D.,  1883;  intimate 
with  Arnold  and  Wbately;  Bampton  lecturer,  1833; 
principal  of  St.  Mary  Hall,  1833;  professor  of  moral 
philosophy,  1834 ;  his  appointment  by  Melbourne  to  the 
regins  professorship  of  divinity  (1836)  opposed  on  ground 
of  his  unorthodoxy,  as  also  hU  nomination  to  bishopric 
(1848);  bishop  of  Hereford,  1848-68:  published  *The 
Scholastic  Philosophy  considered  in  its  Relation  to  Chris- 
tian Theology '  (Bampton  lectures),  1833.      [xxiv.  864] 


,  RICHARD  (1631-1696),  ohanoeUor  of 
the  exchequer ;  son  of  John  Hampden  (1694-1648)  [q.  v.]  ; 
M.P.,  Buckinghamshire,  1666,  and  1681-90,  Wendover, 
1660-79,  and  1690-6  ;  member  of  Protector's  House  of 
Lords ;  entertained  Baxter  during  the  plague,  1666 ; 
moved  Exclusion  Bill  of  1679  ;  chairman  of  Commons' 
committee  that  declared  the  throne  vacant,  1689 ;  privy 
councillor,  1GH9 ;  commissioner  of  the  treasury,  1689 ; 
chancellor  of  Uie  exchequer,  1690-4 ;  refused  emoluments 
from  William  III.  [xxiv.  366] 

HAHPDSK-TREVOS.    [See  Trevor.] 


.,    JOHN,    the    younger   (16M7-1696X 

Mtidan;   son  of   Richard  Hampden   [q.    v.];    M.P., 

wKkinghamshire,  1679,  Wendover,  1681-90;  imprisoned 

^ad  ilatd  on  charge  of  plotting  uu  insurrection,  1684 ; 


WILLIAM  (1776-1831),  antiquary; 
F.S.A.,  1831;  contributed  to  'Gentleman's  Magaizine' ; 
assisted  John  Britton  [q.  v.]  and  other  topographical 
writers  ;  published  '  Observations  on  certain  Ancient 
Pillars  of  Memorial  called  Hoar-Stones,'  1880,  and  *Life, 
Diary,  and  Correspondence  of  Sir  W.  Dugdale,*  1837. 

[xxiv.  367] 
HAMPOLE,  RICHARD  (1290  7-1349).     [See  Rolls, 
Richard.] 

EAKP80H,  JOHN  (1760-1817  ?X  author;  MA. 
St.  Edmund  Hall,  Oxford,  1792 ;  rector  of  Sunderland, 
IHOl ;  published  works  including  '  Memoirs  of  Rev. 
John  Wesley,'  1791 ;  translated  '  The  Poetics  of  Marcus 
Hieronymus  Yida,'  1798.  [xxiv.  368] 

EAKPTON,  first  Baron  (1799-1880).  [See  Pakhvq- 
TON,  Sir  John  Somerset.] 

HAMPTOH,  CHRISTOPHER  (1662-1636),  archbishop 
of  Armagh ;  probably  fellow  of  Trinity  College,  Cam- 
bridge, 1686 :  nominated  to  see  of  Derry,  1611,  but  not 
consecrated  ;  archbishop  of  AruiaKh,  1618-36 ;  restored 
Armagh  Cathedral  ;  maintained  primacy  of  Armagh. 

[xxiv.  368] 

HAKPTON,  JAMBS  (1731-1778X  translator  of 
Polybius;  of  Winchester  and  Corpus  Christi  College, 
Oxford  ;  M.A.,  1747  ;  rector  of  Moukton  Moor,  1763,  and 
Folkton,  Yorkshire,  1776  ;  translated  Polybius,  flrst  flve 
books,  1766-61:  issued  extracts  from  sixth  book  of 
Polybius,  1764.  [xxiv.  369] 

HAKBOTS  or  HAKB0T8,  JOHN  (fl,  1470), 
doctor  of  music ;  his  commentary  on  works  of  the  two 
Francoa  printed  by  Cousscmaker.  [xxiv.  869] 

HAKBTTSY,  BENJAMIN  (1778-1864),  nonconfor- 
mist historian  ;  first  treasurer  of  Congregational  Union, 
1881-64  ;  publiiihed  'Historical  Memorials  relating  to  the 
Independents  .  .  .  from  their  Rise  to  the  Restoration  * 
(1839-44),  and  an  edition  of  Hooker  (183U).    [xxiv.  270] 

HAHBTTRT,  DANIEL  (1826-1876),  pharmacist; 
treasurer  of  Linuean  Society:  P.R.S.,  1867;  visited 
Palestine  with  Sir  Joseph  Hooker.  I860:  published 
'  Pharmacographia  '  (with  Professor  FlUckiger),  1874. 

[xxiv.  370] 

HAITBURT,  Sir  JAMES  (1782-1863),  lieutenant- 
general  ;  served  with  the  58th  in  Egypt,  1801 ;  present  at 
operations  of  Coruiia,  1808-9 :  with  the  guards  at  Wal- 
cheren(1809)andin  the  Peninsular  war :  major-general, 
1830;  K.B.,  1830;  Ueutenant-general,  1841.   [xxiv.  371] 

HAKBVBT,  JOHN  (1664-1734),  politician  ;  de- 
veloped his  estate  and  ironworks  at  Poutypool ;  M.P., 
Gloucester,  1701-16,  Monmouthshire.  1720-34  ;  director  of 
the  New  South  Sea  Company,  1721 :  one  of  Marlborough's 
executors,  1723.  [IxL  379] 


HANBUKY 


566 


HANEINSOK 


HAJTBURY,  WILLIAM  (1735-1778),  clergyman; 
B.A.  St  Bdmand  Hall,  Oxford,  1748  ;  rector  of  Obarch 
Luiigton,  Leicestershire,  1758-78 ;  M^.  St.  Andrews,  1769; 
issued  (1758)  ^Bstnay  on  Planting,  and  a  Scheme  for 
making  it  conducive  to  the  Glory  of  Qod  and  the  ad- 
vantage of  Society  ' ;  his  scheme  carried  out  by  court  of 
chancery,  1864;  published  *  Complete  Body  ol  Planting 
and  Gardening '  (1770-1).  [xziv.  271] 

HAHOE,  HENRY  FLETOHBR(1837-1886X  botanist ; 
vice-consul  at  Whampoa,  1861-78;  consal  at  Canton, 
1878-81  and  188S  ;  acting  consul  at  Amoy  at  his  death ; 
contributed  papers  on  Chinese  plante  to  Hooker's  *  Journal 
of  Botany,'  and  supplement  to  Bentham's  '  Flora  Hong- 
kongensis.*  [zxiv.  27S] 

HANOKWITZ,  AMBROSE  GK)DFRBY  id.  1741). 
[See  QODVRBT,  Ambbosb.] 

HAHOOGK,  ALBANY  ( 1806-1873),  soologist:  received 
the  royal  medal  of  Royal  Society  for  paper  on  *  The  Organ- 
isation of  Brachiopoda,*  1857  ;  F.L.S.,  186S ;  collaborated 
with  Joshua  Alder  [q.  v.]  in  '  Monograph  of  British  Nudi- 
oranchiate  MoUusca,'  1845-55;  with  Dr.  D.  Bmbleton 
investigated  structure  of  genera  ceolU  and  doris. 

[xxiv.  278] 

HAHOOGK,  JOHN  (d.  1869X  sculptor;  exhibited  at 
Royal  Academy  from  1843.  [xxiv.  274] 

HANOOOE,  ROBERT  (1780-1817).  mezzotint  en- 
graver and  draughtsman ;  engraver  to  Worcester  porce- 
lain works,  1757-74;  executed  small  crayon  portraits 
of  Lamb,  Worxisworth,  Ocderidge,  and  Soutlu^. 

[xxiv.  274] 

EAHOOOK,  THOMAS  (1788-1849),  quaker  physician ; 
M.D.  Edinburgh,  1809 ;  practised  in  London  and  Liver- 
pool; published  (1825)  *  Principles  of  Peace  exemplified 
in  conduct  of  Sodety  of  Friends  in  Ireland  during  the 
Rebellion  of  1798,*  and  treatises  on  epidemics;  edited 
'  Discourses '  from  Nicole's  '  Easays  by  John  Locke,'  1828. 

[xxiv.  275] 

EAHCK>OK,  THOMAS  (1786-1865X  founder  of  the 
indiarubber  trade  in  England;  took  out  patent  for 
applying  indiarubber  springs  to  articles  of  dress,  1890 : 
first  made  'vulcanised'  indiarubber,  1843;  published 
'Personal  Narrative  of  the  Origin  and  Progress  of  the 
Caoutchouc  or  Indiarubber  Manufacture  in  England,* 
1857.  [xxiv.  276] 

HAirOOOK,  WALTER  (1799-1852),  engineer :  brother 
of  Thomas  Hancock  (1786-1865)  [q.  v.] ;  invented  steam- 
engines  for  road  traffic,  1824-36;  described  experiments 
In  'Narrative,'  1888;  obtained  patent  for  cutting  India- 
rubber  into  sheets,  and  for  a  method  of  preparing  solu- 
tions of  indiarubber,  1848.  [xxiv.  276] 

HANS,  THOMAS  (d,  1804),  painter;  friend  and 
imitator  of  Morland ;  exhibited  at  Boyal  Academy. 

[xxiv.  277] 

HAKSASTSE,  CHARLES  (A  1760-1780X  miniatni«- 
painter.  [xxiv.  277] 

HAHDSL,  GEORGE  FREDERICK,  properly  OEORa 
FaiKDRicH  Haendkl  (1685-1759),  musical  composer; 
son  of  the  town  surgeon  of  Giebicbenstein,  Saxony; 
studied  music  under  Zachau  at  Halle ;  presented  to  elector 
of  Brandenburg  at  Berlin,  c.  1696;  wait  to  Hamburg, 
1793,  and  became  conductor  of  the  opera :  fought  a  duel 
with  Mattheson  (first  tenor);  composed  his  first  opera, 
'  Almira,'  1705  ;  went  to  Italy,  1707 :  produced  the  operas 

*  Rodrigo '  at  Florence  and '  Agrippina '  at  Venice,  1708 ; 
at  Rome  composed  the  oratorios  *  U  Trionf  o  del  Tempo  * 
and  '  La  Resurrezione  * ;  visited  Naples,  1708-9,  compos- 
ing songs  and  cantatas :  went  to  Hanover  and  became 
ki4>ellmeister,  1710;  came  to  England,  1710:   Mh  opera 

*  Rinaldo  *  produced  with  great  success  at  the  Queen's 
Theatre,  Haymarket,  171 1 ;  returned  to  Hanover,  but  was 
again  in  England  In  1712,  where,  breaking  his  pledge  to 
the  elector  of  Hanover  (afterwards  George  I)  to  return  to 
Hanover,  he  thenceforth  remained;  his  operas  'Pastor 
Fido '  and '  Teaeo  *  and  the '  Utrecht  Te  Deum  and  Jubilate,' 
performed  before  the  death  of  Anne,  the  composer  receiv- 
ing for  the  last  an  annuity  of  2002.,  increased  by  George  I 
after  Handel's  reconciliation  with  him,  effected  through 
Burlington  and  Kielmaimsegge  by  means  of  the  *  Water- 
music,'  1715 ;  as  director  for  the  Duke  of  Chandos  at 
Canons  (1718-20)  composed  twelve  anthems, '  Esther '  (his 
ilrst  Englitih  oratorio,  performed  1 720),  and  '  Acis  ami 
Galatea  '  (performed  172u  or  1721) ;  director  of  the  Royal 


Academy  of  Music,  I720-S,  oompoaing  tbliteen  operas, 
besides  collaboraUng  in  *Muzio  Scevola*  with  BooMa- 
dnl,  thenceforth  his  rival  in  popular  favour ;  naturaUnd, 
1726 ;  appointed  court  composer ;  produced  cannsttat 
anthems  on  the  accession  of  George  II,  1727 ;  carhcd  <a 
(1729-35)  a  second  operatic  undertaking  at  the  Kiagli 
Theatre,  Covent  Garden,  producing  several  new  opens, 
and  giving  performances  of  '  Esther '  and  '  Ads  aai 
Galatea,'  1732,  and  'Deborah,*  1738:    '  Athaliah '  «nt 
heard  at  Oxford,  1738 ;  ousted  from  tbe  King's  Tbestic 
by  his  rivals,  1735 ;  gave  more  operas,  and  repeatei  Ui 
oratorios   in  Lent  at  Rich's  new  theatre,  Covent  Gsr 
den,  1735-7,  when  he  became  bankrupt  and  paitUlj 
paralysed ;   composed  a  fine  anthem  fbr  the  funenl  i 
Queen  Caroline,  1737,  and  two  new  operas,  1788,  «te 
his  debts  were  paid  by  a  tienefit  ccnoert:  his  rtatae  by 
Roubilliac  set  up  at  Vauxhall,  17S8 ;  hia  last  operas  giva 
at  Lincoln's  Inn  Fields,  1740-1,  also  setting  of  DrTdal 
shorter  '  Ode  on  St  Cecilia's  Day,*  1789  ;  the  first  ansnsl 
perfonnanoe  of  *  Alexander's  Feast  *  for  the  Sodety  «( 
Musicians,  with  himsdf  at  the  organ,  given  1789;  hii 
'Saul'  and  'Israel  In  Egypt,*  prodnced  at  tbe  Kiag^ 
Theatre,  1739 ;  his  oratorio  the  *  Messiah  *  (compased  ia 
twenty-three  days)  first  heard  at  Dublin,  1741,  in  Londai, 
1748  (Covent  GardenX  and  in  Germany  (HambnrgX  1^2; 
his  '  Samson  *  given  at  a  subscription  otmoot  at  Ooratt 
Garden,  and  the  Dettingm  *Te  Deum*  at  SL  Jaiw^ 
Palace,  1743;  'Joseph  and  his  Brethren*  aii^ 
1744  (Covent  Garden);  'Hercules*   and 
(King's  TheatreX  1744-5;   'Judas    Maocabwa,'  1741: 
'Alexander  Balus'  and  '  Jok^hna,'  1748  (0>vent Qaidts): 
his  oratorios  'Susanna'  and  'SoIodkxi,*  prodnoed,  1749; 
his  '  Music  for  the  Fireworks '  performed  at  Yaoxhall  sad 
tbe  Green  Park  to  celebrate  the  peaoe  of  Aix^a-Chspelh; 
1749 ;  his '  Theodora,'  1750,  a  failure ;  oondacted  a  po^ 
formanoe  at  the '  Messiah  *  (with  tbe  organ  presented  bgr 
himself)   at   the   Foundling   Hospital,   1760;    his  iMl 
oratorio, '  Jephthab,'  produced  at  Covent  Garden,  1712 ;  bs 
last  composition,  'The  Triumph  of  Time  and  Tntk,' 
1757;    buried  in   Westminster  Abbey.    His  msDiwnpK 
scores  passed  from  John  Christopher  Smith  to  Qeorfe  IIL 
He  cairied  choral  music  to  Its  highest  point,  bat  la  iB> 
itrumental  did  not  advance  b^ond  bis  conteomonBiai 
His  almost  certain  appropriation  (notably  in'lsrsdii 
Egypt  *)  of  the  work  of  others  is  in  strong  contndiettBi 
with  his  known  character.    A  ocdlection  of  his  mifc^ 
begun  in  Germany,  1856,  with  the  help  of  tbe  kia^  d 
Hanover,  was   continued   under    tbe   auqnceB  of  tli 
Prussian  government.     Roubilliac  executed  his  bobs' 
ment  in  Westminster  Abbey  and  three  bosta. 

[xxiv.  277] 

HANSLO,  ROBERT  dr  (Jl.  1326),  writer  on  bom; 
author  of '  Regulss '  (printed  by  Coussemako'^ 

[xxiv.  291] 

HANDTSZDE,  WILLIAM  (1793-1850),  cngiB«r: 
employed  by  the  Russian  govemmoiL  [xzlv.  W] 

HAHOEB,  GEORGE,  fourth  Babox  OoLDum 
(1751  7-1824),  eooentric ;  educated  at  Eton  andG«ttiB(«: 
served  during  American  war  in  Hessian  Jflger  oorai  td 
in  Tarleton's  light  drago(»is ;  aide-de-camp  to  Sir  fienf 
CUnton  at  Charlestown,  1779 ;  his « Life,  Adventonm  w 
Opinions,*  issued  by  William  Combe  [q.  v.],  1801 ;  a» 
oeeded  his  brother  in  peerage,  1814,  but  did  not  sMOBi 
title;  caricatured  by  Gillray  and  Cteorge  OmikBhank ;  pi^^ 
Ushed '  Llvee  and  Adventures  ...  of  Eminent  GanMsMs' 
1804,  and  military  pamphlets.  [xxiv.  SM] 

HAHKEFOBD,  Sir  WILLIAM  (d.  1422X  jodfe: 
king's  Serjeant,  1390;  justice  of  conunon  jrini,  IM: 
K.B.,  1899 ;  ohief-justioe  of  klng*s  bench,  1413-22. 

[xxiv.»l] 

HAVXEY,  THOMSON  (1806-1898), politician;  mim 
partner  In  his  father's  West  Indian  meroautile  Ana: 
elected  a  director  of  Bank  of  Bngbuid,  1885 ;  gomaVt 
1851-2 :  Uberal  M.P.  for  Peterborough.  1858-68,  and  IV^ 
1880 ;  published  works  on  questions  of  political  soosHj* 

[SuppLILW]^ 

HASXIH,  EDWARD  (1747-1835),  author:  ledtrtf 
West  Chlltlngton,  Sussex ;  published  pamphtetsosckriBri 
grievances  and  political  subjects.  [xxIt.  M) 

HAHKINSOH,  THOMAS  EDWARDS  (1805-181^ 
poet ;  M. A.  Corpus  Christi  College,  Gambrid^Bi,  18S1;  !•> 
cumbent  of  St.  Matthew's  Chapd,  Denmark  Hill:  «■ 
Seatonlan  prize  at  Cambridge  nine  times:  his  'FMds' 
collected,  1844.  [xxiv.W] 


HANMEB 


667 


HANSELL 


,  JOHN  (Ift74-]6S9X  bishop  of  St.  ABaph : 
it  Orid  College,  Oxford,  1593 ;  fellow  of  AU 
I,  Oxford,  1596 ;  M.A.,  1600 ;  D.D^  1616 ; 
Tames  I ;  prebendary  of  Worcester,  1614 ; 
Lnpfa,  16U-9.  [xxiy.  S94] 

,  JOHN  ( 1642-1 707X  nonconformist  minis- 
onathan  Hanmer  [q.  ▼.] ;  graduated  at  St. 
e,  Cambridge,  1663;  pastor  at  Barnstaple, 

[xxiv.  296] 

.,  Sir  JOHN,  Baron  Hanmsr  (1809-1881), 
ed  as  third  baronet,  1828 :  educated  at  Eton 
lorch.  Oxford :  whig  M.P.  for  Shrewsbury, 
LS41-7,  and  Flint,  1847-73 :  created  a  peer, 
led  *Fra  Oipolla  and  other  poems,*  1839, 
\  and  *  Memorials  of  Family  and  Parish  of 

[xxiv.  295] 

.  JONATHAN  (1606-1687),  divine;  M.A. 
tUege,  Cambridge,  1631 ;  ejected  from  vica- 
p's  Tawton  and  lectureship  of  Barnstaple, 
e  founded,  with  Oliver  Peard,  the  first  non- 
mgregation  ;  published  '  An  Exercitatlon 
latioo,'  1657 ;  and  *  A  View  of  Antiquity,* 

[xxiv.  295] 

,  MEREDITH  (1543-1604X  historian ;  ohap- 
Christi  College,  Oxford,  1667 ;  MJL.,  1572 : 
icar  of  St.  Leonard's,  Shoreditch,  1581-92 : 
gton,  1583-90:  accused  of  celebrating  an 
?e :  went  to  Ireland,  becoming  archdeacon  of 
»surer  of  Waterford  (1593X  vicar  choral  and 
Christ  Church,  Dublin  (1694-5X  chancellor 
[1603) :  published  a  translation  of  the  his- 
aebins,  Socrates,  and  Bvagrius,  1577;  his 
Irdand*  printed  by  Sir  James  Ware,  1633. 

[xxiv.  297] 
,  Sir  THOMAS,  fourth  baronet  (1677- 
- :  of  Westminster  and  (Jhrist  Church,  Ox- 
id  his  uncle  as  baronet,  1701 ;  tory  M.P.  for 
I  and  1705-8,  Flintshire,  1702-5,  and  Suifolk, 
Irman  of  the  oonunittee  which  made  the 
n*  of  1712;  recdved  in  great  state  by 
Paris,  1712 ;  refused  office  from  Harley  and 
tion  of  two  articles  of  the  commercial  treaty 
XT,  1714-15 :  chief  of  the  Hanoverian  tones ; 
ment,  prepared  sumptuous,  but  not  critically 
edition  of  Shakespeare,  1743-4 :  aUuded  to  in 
'  as  Montalta  [xxiv.  298] 

AMES  (1799-1856),  mathematician ;  calcu- 
cal  Almanack  office;  mathematical  master 
Uege  School,  London,  till  death ;  published 
chanics  and  pure  mathematics,  including 
kd  Practice  of  the  Machinery  of  Locomotive 
^  and,  with  Olinthus  Gilbert  Qregory  [q.  v.], 
le  Use  of  Nautical  Men,*  1811.    [xxiv.  299] 


I  HAVNAH,  RICHARD  (</.  1656),  robber;  imprisoned 
for  burglary ;  escaped  from  England,  robbed  the  Danish 
treasury  and  Uie  queen  of  Sweden :  returned  to  England 
with  money  entrusted  to  him  by  Rotterdam  broker  mer- 
chants ;  broke  prison  at  Paris  and  in  London  after  being 
sentenced  to  death  ;  hanged  for  murder  at  SmithflekL 

[xxiv.  303] 
HAKKAV,  WILLIAM  (<f.  1775  ?X  draughtsman  and 
decorative  painter.  [xxiv.  803] 

HAHKAY,  JAMBS  (1827-1873),  author  and  joomal- 
ist ;  dismissed  the  navy  for  insubordination,  1845 ;  edited 
'  Edhiburgh  Evening  Courant,*  1860-4  ;  consul  at  Barce- 
lona, 1868-73 ;  pubUshed '  Singleton  Fontenoy,'  1850,  and 
*  Eustace  Conyers,*  1855,  naval  novels ;  published  *  Satire 
and  Satirist,'  1854,  and  '  SUidies  on  Thackengr,*  1869. 

[xxiv.  308] 

HAKKAT,  PATRICK  (rf.  1629  ?X  poet ;  master  of 
chancery  in  Ireland,  1627  ;  said  to  have  died  at  sea  ;  his 
•Happy  Husband*  (1618-19)  and  Brathwait*s  'Good 
Wife  ^(1619)  reissued  with  '  The  Nightingale  *  and  other 
poems,  1622 ;  facsimile  of  1622  collection  printed,  1875. 
[xxiv.  304] 

HAVNBKAH,  ADRIABN  (16017-1668?),  portrait- 
painter  :  resided  in  England,  c  1625-40 :  returned  to  the 
Hague  and  became  first  director  of  the  new  guild  of  SL 
Luke,  1656  :  executed  portraitH  of  Charles  II,  the  duke  of 
HamUton,  Yandyck,  and  William  III  and  Mary. 

[xxiv.  805] 

HANNEir,  Sir  JAMES,  Baron  Hankbn  (1821-1894), 
judge;  educated  at  St.  Paul*s  School  and  Heidelberg 
University;  barrister.  Middle  Temple,  18A;  bencher, 
1878;  joined  home  dronit;  junior  counsel  to  treasury, 
1863 ;  judge  of  court  of  queen's  bench,  1868 ;  knighted, 
1868 ;  appointed  serjeant-at-law,  1868 ;  privy  councillor, 
1872;  jnidge  of  courts  of  probate  and  divorce,  1872; 
president  of  probate,  divorce,  and  admiralty  division  of 
high  court,  1875-91 :  life  baron  and  lord  of  apped  in 
ordinary,  1891 ;  D.C.L.  Oxford,  1888 ;  prcstident  of  PameU 
commission,  1888  ;  arbitrator  in  question  of  Behring  Sea 
seal  fisheries,  1892.  [Suppl.  ii.  886] 

EAVHES,  Sir  EDWARD  (</.  1710%  physician  ;  of 
Westminster  and  Christ  Church,  Oxford ;  M.A.,  1689 ; 
M.D.  1695  ;  attended  William,  duke  of  Gloucester,  1700 ; 
physician  to  Queen  Anne,  1702 ;  knighted,  1705. 

[xxiv.  805] 

HAinfET  or  DE  HAITHETA,  THOMAS  iJl.  1313X 
author  of  Bodleian  manuscript  *  Memoriale  Juniorum  * 
(a  work  on  granunar).  [xxiv.  306] 


SAMUEL  (1772  7-1852),  presbyterian  divine : 
r,  1789 :  D.D.,  1818 ;  minister  of  Rosemary 
^  1799 :  professor  of  divinity,  Belfast  Presby- 
,  1817 ;  first  moderator  of  general  aswmbly, 

[xxiv.  800] 

VriLLIAM (180S-1882), theological  writer; 
id  Harma  [q.  v.];  colleague  of  Thomas 
\]  at  Edinburgh,  1850-66 ;  LL.D.  Glasgow, 
idinburgh,  1864 ;  son-in-law  of  Chalruers, 
i  issued  in  1849-52,  afterwards  editing  hif> 
xrorks ;  edited  also  *  Essays  by  Ministers  of 
oh  of  Scotland,'  1858,  and  '  Letters  of  Thomas 
nlathen,*  1877.  [xxiv.  300] 

t,  JOHN,  the  elder  (1792-1867),  Wesleyan 
egate  to  United  States  of  Wesleyan  confer- 
1  1856 :  secretary  to  conference,  1840-2,  and 
lent,  1842  and  1851 :  tutor  of  Didsbury,  1843- 
bed  works,  including  a  defence  of  infaut 

[xxiv.  801] 

t,  JOHN,  the  younger  (1818-1888),  arch- 
res  ;  eon  of  John  Haimah  the  elder  [q.  v.] ; 
rpas  Christi  College,  Oxford,  1837 ;  fellow  of 
;  B.A^  1840 ;  D.C.L.,  1853 ;  rector  of  the 
cademy,  1847-54 :  principal  of  Glenalmoud, 
mpton  lecturer,  1862;  vicar  of  Brighton, 
ideacon  of  Lewes,  1876-88 ;  published,  besides 
area,  1863,  'Courtly  Poets  from  Raleigh  to 
ru.  [xxiv.  302] 


THOMAS  (d.  1581),  master  of  the 
rolls ;  D.C.L.  Oxford,  1513 ;  LL.D.  Cambridge :  ambassa- 
dor at  Rome,  1522-4;  master  of  the  rolls,  1528-7;  fre- 
quently employed  as  diplomatist.  [xxiv.  306] 

HANNDraTOir,  JAMES  (1847-1885X  bishop  of 
Eastern  equatorial  Africa ;  M.A.  St.  Mary  Hall,  Oxford, 
1875;  D.D.,  1884:  curate  in  charge  of  St.  George*s, 
Hurstpierpoint,  1875-82 ;  went  out  for  the  Church  Mis- 
sionary Society  to  Uganda,  1882;  visited  Palestine  on 
way  to  Africa  as  bishop  (1884-5)  ;  led  expedition  which 
reached  Lake  Victoria  Nyanza,  1885 ;  murdered  by 
order  of  king  of  Uganda,  1885.  [xxiv.  307] 


Kino  of.      [See  Ernest  Augustus, 


HAirOVER, 

1771-1851.] 

HAHSASD,  LUKE  (1752-1828),  printer  :  printed  for 
the  Dodsleys ;  printed  House  of  Commons'  Journals  from 
1774.  [xxiv.  808] 

HAHSARB,  THOMAS  CURSON  (1776-1833),  printer : 
eldest  sou  of  Luke  Hansard  [q.  v.] ;  began  to  print 
parliamentary  debates  in  1803 ;  Imprisoned  for  libel  as 
Cobbett's  printer,  1810:  patented  Improved  liand-press; 
published  *  Typographia,'  1825.  [xxiv.  306] 

HAH8BIS,  MORGAN  JOSEPH  (1673-1750),  Domi- 
nican; rector  at  Lou  vain,  1717;  provincial,  1721 ;  prior 
of  Bomhem  and  vicar-provinclid  of  Belgium;  vicar- 
provincial  in  England,  1738-42;  vicar-general,  1747; 
an  ardent  Jacobite ;  published  theological  treatises. 

[xxiv.  309] 

HAHSELL,  EDWARD  HALIFAX  (1814-1884),  bib- 
lical scholar;  educated  at  Norwich  and  Oxford:  fdlow 
of  Magdalen  College  Oxford,  1847-53 ;  M.A.,  1838;  B.D., 


HANSOM 


668 


HAROOURT 


1847;  afterwards  divinity  lecturer:  Grinfleld  lecturer, 
1861-2:  vicar  of  East  Ilsley,' 1865-84;  edited  *Nov. 
TeetGrsec.  .  .  .  Ace.  CollatioCod.  8inaiUci'(lR64). 

[xxiv.  309] 
HAirSOM,  JOSEPH  ALOYSIUS  (1803  -  1882X 
architect  and  inventor:  erected  the  Uirminfrham  town 
hall,  1833;  registered  *  Patent  Safety  Cnb/  1834,  differing 
in  many  re:«pect8  from  present  hansom ;  establiRhed 
♦  The  Builder;  1842.  [xxiv.  309] 

HAITBOH,  JOHN  (/.  1604X  poet :  B.A.  Peterhonse, 
Cambridge,  1604 :  author  of '  Time  is  a  Tnra-coate,  or  Eng- 
land'A  Threefold  Metamorpboeis  '  (1604).       [xxiv.  810] 

HAHSOH,  JOHN  {/I.  1668?),  author  of  'The  Sab- 
batarians confuted  by  the  New  Covenant,*  1658  ;  of 
Pembroke  College,  Oxford.  [xxiv.  310] 

HAV80K,  *8iK  *  LEYBTT  (1754-1814X  author ;  school- 
fellow of  Nelson  and  friend  of  Warren  Hastings;  of 
Trinity  and  Emmanuel  Colleges,  Cambridge  ;  councillor 
to  the  Grand  Duke  of  Holstein  and  Imight  of  St. 
Philip,  1780;  knight  rice-chancellor  of  St^  Joachim, 
1800 ;  lived  in  many  European  states  :  imprisoned  in 
Austria,  1794:  published  account  of  Europesji  orders  of 
knightliood,  1803,  and  poems,  1811  ;  died  at  Copenhagen. 

[xxiv.  311] 

HAJTSOH,  SIR  RICHARD  DAYIES  (1805-1876X 
rbief- justice  of  South  Australia  ;  edited  the  *  Globe'  in 
London  :  supported  Edward  Gibbon  Wakefield's  coloni- 
sation schemes  :  one  of  the  founders  of  South  Australia  ; 
accompanied  Lord  Durham  to  Canada,  1838:  crown 
prosecutor  iH  New  Zealand,  iaiO-6 ;  drafted  constitution 
of  South  Australia,  1851-6:  attorney-general,  1857-60: 
chief-justioe  of  South  Australia,  1861-74;  knighted, 
1869 ;  sometime  acting-governor ;  published  works,  in- 
cluding *  Tlie  Jesus  of  History,'  1869.  [xxiv.  311] 

HAVWAY,  JONAS  (1712  -  1786X  traveller  and 
philanthropist :  as  partner  of  a  St  Petersburg  merchant 
made  journey  (1743-5)  down  the  Volga  and  by  the 
Caspian  to  Persia  with  a  caravan  of  woollen  goods,  and 
returned  after  perilous  adventures  by  the  same  route, 
1745  :  left  Russia  and  lived  in  London  after  1750  ;  pub- 
lished an  account  of  his  travels,  1753,  an  et^say  attacking 
,  tea-drinking  (severely  criticised  by  Johnson  and  Gold- 
smith) and  other  works  mostly  connected  with  his 
philanthropic  undertakings :  appointel  oomminsioner  of 
victualling  oflBoe,  1762,  as  reward  for  public  services.  He 
is  best  known  as  one  <A  the  chief  founders  of  the  Marine 
Society  (1756)  and  the  Magdalen  charity  (1758)  the 
reformer  of  the  Foundling  Hot^pital  and  the  pioneer  of 
the  umbrella  ;  a  monument  was  erected  to  him  in  Wett- 
minster  Abbey,  1788.  [xxiv.  312] 

HARBSRT.    [Sec  Herbkrt.] 

HABBIK,  GEORGE  Ifl.  1713),  nonjuror:  B.A. 
Emmanuel  College,  Cambridge,  16H6 ;  chaplain  to  Bishop 
Turner  of  Ely  and  Viscount  We>inouth ;  friend  of  Ken. 

[xxiv.  316] 

HAEBORB,  EDWARD,  third  Barun  Scpfikld 
(17K1-1835),  phiUmthropiflt :  M.P.,  Great  Yarmouth,  1806- 
1812,  Shaftesbury,  1820-1 ;  succeeded  as  peer,  1821 :  carried 
reforms  concerning  prison  discipline  and  game-laws ; 
abolitionist.  [xxiv.  816] 

HAKBOSD,  WILLIAM  (1635  7-1692),  poUtician; 
secretary  to  Karl  of  Essex,  1672  ;  took  active  part  in 
attack  on  Danby  in  connection  with  popish  plot ;  M.P., 
Thetford,  1679,  Launceston,  1680  and  1681 ;  volunteered 
in  imperial  army  at  Buda,  1686;  accompanied  William 
of  Orange  to  England,  1688  :  privy  councillor  and  pay- 
master-general, 1688-90 :  vice-treasurer  of  Ireland,  1690: 
sent  as  ambassador  to  Turkey  to  mediate  between  sultan 
and  the  emperor  Leopold,  1691 :  dial  on  his  u-ay  at 
Belgrade.  [SuppL  ii.  387] 

HABBOBKE,  WILLIAM  {d.  1617X  first  English 
ambassador  in  Turkey,  1582-8  :  concluded  treaty  for  the 
establishment  of  Turkey  company,  1579 ;  account  of  his 
return  journey  (1688)  printed  in  Hakluyt's '  Voyages' ; 
manuscript  account  of  his  proceedings  in  Turkey  in 
British  Museum.  [xxiv.  316] 

HAB0AB8E,   Lord   (1685  7-1700).     [See   Hoo,  Sir 

ROdKR.] 

HABCLAY,  HA&GLA,  or  HARTOLA,  ANDREW, 
Earl  ov  Carlislk  (</.  1323),  sheriff  of  Cumberlaml, 
warden  of  the  west  marches  and   of   Carlisle  Castle; 


summoned  as  a  baron  to  parliament,  1S21 :  defeated  tad 
captured  Earl  Thomas  of  Lancaster  at  fioroa$rbbn<lfip. 
and  cxecutol  him  at  Pontefract,  1322 :  crei^  esii  bf 
Edward  II,  with  patent  specifying  his  servicw ;  execotsl 
at  Carlisle  for  making  compact  with  Bmce.  [xxiv.  S17] 

HABGOVRT,  CHARLES  (1838-1880X  actor;  ral 
name  Charleh  Parkkr  Hiix.ieb  ;  first  appearsd  at  & 
James's  Theatre,  1863 ;  lessee  of  Marykbone  Thestn^ 
1871-2  ;  best  exponent  of  Mercatio  after  Yining't  destfa. 

[xxiv.  319] 

HA&OOUST,  EDWARD  (1757-1847X  arehbUtiif 
of  York  ;  took  name  Harooort  oa  soooearion  to  Ismlj 
estates,  1831,  being  previoosly  known  as  Vemon ;  cdo- 
cated  at  Westminiter  and  Oxford :  fdlow  of  All  8oifa' 
CoUege,  Oxford,  1777 ;  D.O.L^  1786 ;  cuum  of  CbiM 
Church,  1785,  and  vicar  of  Sodbory:  pretwpdary  4 
Gloucester,  1785-91  ;  bishop  of  Carlisle,  1791-18W: 
archbishop  of  York,  1807-47  ;  privy  coancillor,  IM: 
member  of  Queen  Cibarlotte's  oooncil ;  member  of  » 
clesiastical  commission,  1885.  [xxiv.  311] 

HA&CK>UBT,  HENRY  (161S-1678X  Jesuit ;  raal  dsk 
'  Brauvont;  spiritual  coadjutor,  1643;  publisbol  'lag' 
I  hind's  Old  Rdigiou  faithfully  gathered  ont  of  the  OatA 
j  of  England,'  1650.  [xxiv.  320] 

HABOOVRT,  tdUu  PeiisalL)  JOHN  (16S2-I7WX 
'  [See  Persall.] 

HAROOITBT,     LEVE80N    VERNON     (1788-lW). 
chancellor  of  York;  author  of  '  Doctrine  of  the  Odoft.' 
:  1838 ;  son  of  Edward  Harcourt  [q.  v.]  [xxiv.  310] 

i  HABOOITBT,  OCTAVIUS  HENRY  CTYRIL  VBRKOX 
:  ( 1793-1 H63),  admiral;  son  of  Edward  Harooort  [(|.t.:: 
I  saw  active  service  in  Egypt  and  at  Toalon  and  Tarricons ; 
>  captured  martello  tower  and  convoy  at  Pfombo,  IHI; 
j  surveyed  coast  of  Central  America,  1834-6 :  vioe-sdaM, 
<  1861 ;  built  several  churches  and  Masham  almslioasei 
)  [xxiv.  310] 

HABOOTTBT,  ROBERT  (1674  7-1631X  tiavdkr: 
gentleman-commoner,  St.  Albon  HaU,  Oxfoid,  1590;  nH 
I  to  Guiana  and  took  possession  of  land  f6r  the  eien. 
I  1609 ;  obtained  letters  patent  for  ooloniaaUoo  of  GdMi; 
i  his  company  incorporated  with  Roger  North's,  1026;  W 
!  *  Relation  of  a  Voyage  to  Guiana*  (1613)  lepriottd  k 
:  Purchas.  [xxiv.  311] 

I  HABOOUBT,  Sir  SIMON  (160S  7-1642),  sohteflf 
I  fortune :  son  of  Robert  Harooort  [q.  r.] :  knlghtwi,  Itf : 
;  served  Prince  of  Orange  against  Spaniards ;  niiiiiiiiiiM 
:  regiment  against  Scots,  1639-40 ;  gororaor  of  Dakftk 
I  1641 :  mortally  wounded  by  rebds  at  Kllgobbin  OMtk. 

[xxiv.  m 

HABOOUBT,  SIMON  (1684-1720),  second  MO  ofSlMi 
Haroourt,  first  viscount  Barcoart  [q.  ▼.] :  M.A.  OhM 
Church,  Oxford,  1712 ;  secretary  to  the  sodctf  d 
*  Brothers ' ;  M.P.,  Wallingford  and  Abingdon ;  «iii> 
verses  in  preface  to  Pope's  *  Works*  (1717);  Us  qriUfk 
composed  by  Pope.  [xxiv.  IN] 

JLAROOTTBLT,  SIMON,  first  VisconxT  HabomV 
(1661  7-1727),  of  Stanton  Harconrt,  Oxfordshin;  Ki 
Pembroke  College,  Oxford,  1678;  D.O.L.,  1702;bsRMi; 
Inner  Temple,  1683 :  recorder  of  Abingdon,  1681;  ttJ 
M.P.  for  Abingdon,  1690-1705,  Boosiney,  1705-8.  OudlOMk 
1710 ;  directed  impeachment  of  Somera,  1701 :  as  soiiel*- 
general  (1702-7^  took  part  in  proeecnting  IMbe  O^W 
and  asserting  jurisdiction  of  the  Commons  in  <i><^ 
petitions,  1704 ;  as  commissioner  for  the  nnloo  diiM 
Ratification  Bill,  1707 ;  attorney-general,  1707-8;  ab|jd^ 
fended  Sacheverell,  1710;  privy  councillor,  1710  ;W' 
keeper,  1710;  created  Baron  Harooort.  1711;  lort  etas* 
oellor,  1713-14  ;  obtained  acquittal  of  Oxfoid  andpirta 
of  B<dingbroke ;  created  yiaooant,  1721,  re^admittad  prtvf 
councillor,  1722 ;  several  times  a  lord  jostioe :  bat  Wi^ 
of  his  day ;  friend  of  Bolingbroke,  Pope,  and  Swift 

[xxiv.  SB] 

HABOOITBT,  SIMON,  first  Earl  Harcocbt(17H: 
1777),  son  of  Simon  Haroourt  (1684-1720)  [q.  v.] ;  eda«M 
at  Westminster  ;  attended  George  II  at  Dettingea.  l'^ 
created  Viscount  Haroourt  of  Nnndiam-CointMT  fl* 
Earl  Harcourt  of  Stanton  Harcourt,  1749 ;  privy  ooasATt 
1761;  governor  to  Prince  of  Walet,  1761-2;  tsnj  ^ 
Mecklenburg-Strelitz  for  the  Prince  of  Waloi's  nazrii^ 
with  Princess  Charlotte,  1761 ;  ambassador  atFirii.lNO- 


i 


ii 


HAROOXJRT 


569 


HABDINGE 


icroy  of  Ireland,  177S-7 ;  recommended  tax  ou 
,  and  created  nnmeroas  peers :  drowned  in 
o  extricate  his  dog  from  a  well  at  Kuneham. 

[xxiv.  325] 
»)intT.    THOMAS    (1618-1679).    Jesuit:    real 
TiTBREAD  ;  professed,  165S :  on  English  mission 

0  yearv ;  while  proyindal  refused  Titus  Oates 

1  to  the  Jesuit  order :  was  oonyicted  of  complicity 
opish  plot  *  on  Oates's  evidence,  and  was  exe- 

[xxiv.  326] 

N>UBT,  aiias  Waring,  WILLIAM  (1610-1679). 

J>'0.] 

lOUST,  WILLIAM  (1625-1679),  Jesuit:  real 
LWORTH :  missioner  in  England  and  Holland  : 
iarlem :  manuscript  account  at  Brussels  of  his 
ring  *  popish  plot.*  [xxiv.  326] 

$OUBT,  WILLIAM,  third  Earl  Harcourt 
0),  field-marshal ;  son  of  Simon  Harcourt,  first 
) ;  snocoeded  his  brother  in  peerage,  1809 ;  aide-de- 
Lord  Albemarle  at  Havannab,  1762 ;  M.P., 
76^74:  commanded  16th  light  dragoons  in 
and  captured  General  Oharles  Lee,  1776 ;  lieu- 
neral,  1793;  commanded  cavalry  in  Flanders 
Ik  of  York,  1793-4,  whom  be  succeeded  in  chief 
:  general,  1796 :  field-marshal  and  G.O.B.  at 
a  of  George  IV.  [xxiv.  327] 

iOUBT.  WILLIAM  VERNON  (1789-1871), 
Hn«tary  to  first  meeting  of  British  Association 
$31) ;  aon  of  Edward  Harcourt  [q.  v.] ;  M.A. 
inicb,  Oxford,  1814 ;  student  of  Ohrist  Church ; 
York,  1824 ;  rector  of  Wheldrake  and  Bolton 
'.RjS.,  1824;  carried  on  chemical  experiments 
y  and  Wollaston ;  president  of  British  Associa- 
rmingham,  1839.  [xxiv.  328] 

KJA8TLB,  THOMAS  (d.  1678  ?),  ejected  minis- 
.  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  1656 ;  ejected 
.mley,  Yorkshire,  1662;  frequently  imprisoned 
anfannity ;  baptist  minister  at  Broadmead, 
B70-8.  [xxiv.  328] 

)EBY,  GEOFFREY  (Jl.  1360?),  Austin  friar; 
1  of  his  order;  confessor  (and  perhaps  ooun- 
Ricbaid  II ;  wrote  treatise  in  answer  to  Arch- 
teralpb*8  attack  upon  *  evangelical  poverty.* 

[xxiv.  329] 
>EGAVXTTE,  HABDAOiniT,  or  HABTHA- 
1019  7-1042),  king ;  younger  son  of  Canute  or 
v.]  and  Emma  [q.  v.] ;  succeeded  his  father  on 
Denmark,  1035 :  chosen  king  of  Wessex  in  ab- 
{7  :  concerted  measures  for  invasion  of  England 
;  with  Emma,  1039 ;  choeen  king  of  England  on 
Harold,  his  reputed  half-brother,  1040;  disin- 
d  insulted  the  body  of  King  Harold  ;  levied  heavy 
!,  1041 ;  invited  his  half-brother  Edward  (the 
r)  to  court,  1041 ;  died  suddenly  at  a  bridal  feast. 

[xxiv.  330] 
DHAM,  JOHN  (d.  1772X  tobacconist :  employed 
ck  at  Drury  Lane ;  at  his  shop  in  Fleet  Street 
celebrated  *37'  snuff,  which  Reynolds  used  to 
t  money  to  pay  poor  rates  at  his  native  place, 
cr.  [xxiv.  332] 

DIKAK,  JAMES  (1790 ?-1855),  Irish  writer; 
nissioner  of  the  records  at  Dublin,  afterwards 
of  Queen's  College,  Galway  ;  published  works, 
;  'History  of  County  and  Town  of  Galway,' 
d  'Irish  Minstrelsy  ...  with  English  Poetical 
ions,*  1831.  [xxiv.  333] 

DDES,  SIMON  (1672-1737X  fiouer-painter,  of 
:  lived  in  London,  1720-37.  [xxiv.  333] 

DING  or  St.  Strphen  (d.  1134Xabbotof  Clteanx : 

educated  at  Sherborne ;  visited  Scotland,  Paris, 
le;  received  tonsure  at  Moldme  in  Burgundy; 

Older  to  observe  a  stricter  rule :  foundel  with 
bbot  of  Mol^me,  house  at  Citeaux,  from  which 
rcian  order  derived  its  name:  abbot,  1110-33; 
thirteen  other  abbeys  (including  Clairvanx,  1115, 

be  made  Bernard  abbot)  under  the  severe  Ois- 
ule ;  by  his  *  charter  of  charity '  (confirmed  by 

II,  1119)  exempt  from  episcopal  visitation  ;  his 
ions  approved  at  council  of  Troyes  (1127),  and 
e  habit  adopted :  canonised ;  Cistercian  houses 
I  from  episcopal  lurisdiction  and  payment  of 
[nnocent  II,  1132.  [xxiv.  333]      > 


HABDnra,  Mrs.  ANNE  RAIKES  (1780-186a), 
novelist  and  miscellaneous  writer.  [xxiv.  835] 

HARDINa,  EDWARD  ( 1 765-1840),  librarian  to  Queen 
Charlotte,  1803-18,  and  to  the  Duke  of  Cumberland,  1818- 
1840 ;  brother  of  Silvester  Harding  [q.  v.]     [xxiv.  388] 

HARDINO,  GEORGE  PERFECT  (J.  1863),  portrait- 
painter  and  copyist :  son  of  Silvester  Harding  [q.  v.] ; 
made  water-colour  copies  of  old  portraits ;  exhibited  at 
Royal  Academy;  helped  to  establish  Granger  Society, 
1840;  published  portraits  of  deans  of  Westminster  (1822- 
1823X  and  supplied  plates  to  J.  H.  Jesse  (1840)  and  other 
writers,  [xxiv.  836] 

HAEDINO,  JAMES  DUFFLELD  (1798-1863),  land- 
scape-painter and  lithographer;  exhibited  with  Water- 
colour  Society  from  1818  (member,  1821):  unsuccessfully 
tried  oil-painting ;  abandoned  exclusive  use  of  transparent 
colours.  He  brought  lithography  to  perfeation,  invented 
lithotint,  and  introduced  tinted  ptiper  for  sketches  :  pub- 
lished "  Principles  and  Practice  of  Art '  and  other  manuals ; 
*  Picturesque  Selections'  (1861)  his  first  achievement  in 
lithography.  [xxiv.  336] 

HARDIKO,  JOHN  (1378-1466  ?).    [See  Hardyno.] 

HAEDINO,  JOHN  (1806-1874),  bishop  of  Bombay ; 
of  Westminster  and  Worcester  College,  Oxford;  B.A., 
1826 :  D.D.,  1851 :  rector  of  St.  Andrew's  and  St.  Anne's, 
Blackfriars,  1836-51 ;  bishop  of  Bombay,  1851-69;  secre- 
tary of  Pastoral  Aid  Society.  [xxiv.  387] 

HASDINO,  SAMUEL  i/l.  1641),  dramatist;  B.A. 
Exeter  College,  Oxford,  1638;  his  tragedy,  'Sicily  and 
Naples,'  issued  1640.  [xxiv.  338] 

HAHOINO,  SILVESTER  (1746-1809X  artist  and 
publisher ;  established  with  his  brother,  Edward  Harding 
[q.  v.],  a  book-  and  print-shop,  1786,  and  issued  works 
illustrated  by  himself,  including  'The  Biographical 
Mirrour,*  1795.  [xxiv.  338] 

HARDING,  THOMAS  (1516-1572),  divine ;  educated 
at  Winchester  and  New  College,  Oxford ;  fellow  of  New 
College,  1536:  M.A.,  1542;  Hebrew  professor  and  chap- 
lain to  Henry  Grey,  marquis  of  Dorchester  (afterwards 
Duke  of  Suffolk);  named  warden  of  New  Collie  by 
Edward  VI ;  abandoned  protestantism  and  became  chap- 
lain to  Gardiner  and  (1565)  treasurer  of  Salisbury ;  in 
reign  of  Elizabeth  retired  to  Louvain ;  carried  on  a  long 
controversy  with  John  Jewel  [q.  v.],  1564-8 ;  died  at 
Louvain.  [xxiv.  389] 

HARDING,  THOMAS  (d.  1648),  historian:  B.D. 
Oxford :  second  ma.<:ter  of  Westminster,  1610 ;  rector  of 
Souldem,  1622-48  ;  his  history  of  England  to  1626  recom- 
mended for  publication  by  parliament,  1641,  but  never 
issued.  [xxiv.  339] 

HARDING,  WILLIAM  (1792-1886),  author  of  'His- 
tory of  Tiverton,'  1847;  served  in  the  Peninsular  cam- 
paign from  1812 ;  retired  as  lieutenant-colonel,  1841. 

[xxiv.  340] 

HARDINGE,  Sir  ARTHUR  EDWARD  (1828-1892X 
general ;  second  son  of  Sir  Henry  Hardinge,  first  viscount 
Hardinge  [q.  v.] :  educated  at  Eton ;  ensign,  1844 ;  served 
in  first  Sikh  w^ar :  lieutenant,  1845  :  lieutenant  and  cap- 
tain, 1849 ;  served  in  Crimea  on  quartermaster-general's 
staff,  1854-6  ;  lieutenant-colonel,  1 855  ;  C.B.,  1857  ;  brevet 
colonel,  1858 ;  equerry  successively  to  Prince  Albert  and 
Queen  Victoria:  major-general,  1871;  general,  1883; 
commanded  Bombay  army,  1881-5 ;  governor  of  Gibraltar, 
1886-90 ;  K.C.B.  and  CLE.,  1886.  [SuppL  ii.  889]     . 

HARDINGE,  CHARLES  STEWART,  second  Vis- 
count Hardingb  (1822-1894),  son  of  Sir  Henry  Hard- 
inge, first  viscount  Hardinge  [q.  v.] ;  educated  at  Eton 
and  Christ  Church,  Oxford  ;  B.A.,  1844 :  private  secretary 
to  his  father  in  India  from  1844 :  conservative  M.P.  for 
Downpatrick,  1861-6 ;  under-secretary  for  war,  1858-9 ; 
trustee  of  National  Portrait  Gallery,  1868-94,  and  chair- 
man of  board  from  1876.  [Suppl.  ii.  389] 

HARDINGE,  GEORGE  (1743-1816X  author;  the 
Jefferies  Hardiman  of  Byron's  'Don  Juan':  son  of 
Nicholas  Hardinge  [q.  v.] :  of  Eton  and  Trinity  College, 
Cambridge;  M.A.  by  royal  mandate,  1769;  barrister, 
Middle  Temple,  1769 ;  solicitor-general  (1782)  and  attor- 
ney-general to  Queen  Charlotte,  1794 ;  senior  justice  of 
Brecon,  Glamorgan,  and  Radnor,  1787-1816;  counsel  for 
East  India  Company  against  Fox's  India  Bill,  1783 ;  toiy 


HABDINaKS 


570 


M.P.  for  Old  Sarum,  1784-1807;  friend  of  Horace  Wal- 
pole ;  F.SA.,  1769 :  F.H.S.,  1788 ;  pablUbed  *  Letters  to 
Rt.  Hon.  B.  Burke,*  an  impeachment  of  Hastings,  1791, 
*E8Benoe  of  Malone,*  1800  and  1801,  and  'Rowley  and 
Chatterton  in  the  Shades,*  1782.  His  'Miscellaneous 
Works  *  edited,  1818.  [xxiv.  340] 

HARDIKOE,  OBORGE  NICHOLAS  ^1781-1808),  cap- 
tain in  the  navy ;  nephew  and  adopted  son  of  George 
Hardinge  [q.  v.]  ;  received  post-rank  for  cutting  out  the 
Dutch  AUlante  in  Vlie  Roads,  Texel,  1804  ;  took  part  in 
capture  of  the  Cape ;  killed  at  capture  of  French  cruiser 
Piedmontaise  off  Oeylon  ;  voted  public  monument  in  St. 
Paul's  CathedraL  [xxiv.  341] 

HABDIKOE,  Sir  HENRT,  first  ViscouyT  Hardingb 
OP  Lahork  (1785-1856),  fleld-marslial ;  brother  of  George 
Nicholas  Hardinge  [q.  v.V.  deputy  assistant  quartermaster- 
general  of  foroe  under  Brent  Spencer,  which  joined  Wel- 
tesley  and  fought  at  Roli^  and  Yimeira;  with  Moore 
in  last  moments  at  Oorufta,  1809 ;  deputy  quartermaster- 
general  of  Portuguese  army ;  urged  finid  advance  of  Sir 
Galbraith  Tx)wry  Cole  [q.v.]  at  Albuera,  1811 ;  wounded  at 
Yittoria,  1813  ;  commanded  Portuguese  brigade  at  storm- 
ing of  Palais,  1814 ;  K.C.B.,  1815 :  watched  Napoleon's 
movements  for  Wellington  on  escape  from  Elba,  1816 ;  Bri- 
tish eommimioner  with  BlUcher  at  battle  of  Qaatre  Bras  : 
commissioner  with  Prussians  in  France  till  1818 ;  tory 
M.P.  for  Durham,  1820-30,  Newport  (ComwallX  1830-4, 
Launceston,  1834-44 :  secretary  at  war,  1828-80  and  1841- 
1844  ;  Irish  secretary,  1830  and  1^4-5 ;  lieutenant-general, 
1841 ;  O.C.B.,  1844 ;  governor-general  of  India,  1844-7 ; 
served  as  second  in  command  to  Sir  Hugh  Gougb  [q.  v.] 
in  first  Sikh  war,  1846 ;  created  a  peer,  with  pension  for 
three  lives,  1846 ;  annulled  Bcntinok's  order  abolishing 
cor])oral  punishment  in  naUve  regiments:  endeavoured 
to  abolish  suttee  in  native  states ;  originated  carrying 
of  soldiers*  kits  at  public  expense.  Though  not  a  general 
till  1854,  be  was  commander-in-chief,  186S-6;  field- 
marshal,  1856.  [xxiv.  342] 

HAKDIKOE,  NICHOLAS  (1699-1768X  clerk  to  the 
House  of  Commons ;  of  Eton  and  King's  College,  Cam- 
bridge ;  fellow ;  M.A.,  1726 ;  clerk  to  House  of  Commons, 
1731-52;  MJ?.,  Eye,  1748-58;  joint  secretary  to  the 
treasury,  1752;  his  *  Poems,  I^tin,  Greek,  and  English,' 
published,  1818.  [xxiv.  346] 

HARDMAV,  EDWARD  TOWN  LET  (1845-1887), 
geologist:  accompanied  Hon.  J.  Forrest's  expedition  to 
report  on  mineral  resources  of  Klmberiey,  West  Australia, 
and  discovered  goldfleld  near  the  Napier  Range,  1888-5 ; 
a  range  of  Australian  mountains  named  after  him. 

[xxiv.  346] 

HARDKAN,  FREDERICK  (1814-1874X  novelist  and 
journalist ;  joined  British  legion  in  Spain,  1834  ;  foreign 
correspondent  of  the  *  Times  *  at  Madrid,  Constantinople, 
in  the  Crimea  and  Dannbian  provinces,  Italy,  France,  and 
Paris;  published  stories,  contributed  to  'Blackwood*; 
died  at  Paris.  [xxiv.  347] 

HARDSES,  Sir  THOMAS  (1610-1681),  serjeant-at- 
law  ;  barrister,  Gray's  Inn,  1669 ;  king's  Serjeant,  1675 : 
M.P.,  Canterbury,  1679-^1;  knighted;  his  'Reports  of 
Cases  in  the  Exchequer,  1655-70 '  issued,  1693. 

[xxiv.  847] 

HA&DWIOK,  CHARLES  (1821-1859),  archdeacon 
of  Ely ;  fellow  of  St.  Catharine's  Hall,  Cambridge,  1845 ; 
M.A.,  1847;  professor  of  divinity.  Queen's  College,  Bir- 
mingham, 1853 ;  divinity  lecturer  at  King's  College,  (}am- 
bridgc,  1855 ;  archdeacou  of  Ely,  1857  ;  edited  catalogue 
of  Cambridge  University  MSS.  (vols,  i-iii.  1856-8)  and 
works  for  Percy  Society  and  Rolls  Series ;  published  also 
history  of  the  Articles  of  Religion  (1851)  and  of  the 
ChriHtian  Church  (ed.  Stubbs,  1872);  killed  by  falling 
over  a  precipice  in  the  Pyrenees.  [xxiv.  347] 

HARDWIOK,  CHARLES  ( 1817-1 889X  antiquary ;  pub- 
lished works,  including  *  History ...  of  Friendly  Societies,' 
1859  and  1869, '  Traditions,  Superstitions,  and  Folk-Lore,' 
1872,  and 'On  Some  Antient  Battlefields  in  Lancashire,' 
1882.  [xxiv.  348] 

HARDWIOK,  JOHN  (1791-1875),  magistmte  at  Lam- 
beth (1821)  and  Marlborough  Street,  1841-56 ;  eldest  son 
of  Thomas  Haidwick  [q.  v.] ;  fellow  of  Balliol  College, 
Oxford,  1808-83 ;  barrister,  Linooln's  Inn,  1816 ;  D.C.L., 
1830.  [xxiv.  361] 


HARDWIOK,  PHILIP  (1793-187UX  anrfaiiaet: 
youngest  son  of  Thomas  Hardwick  [q.  v.] ;  exhibUri 
drawings  at  Academy,  including  his  bnildings  at  SL 
Katharine's  Docks  and  Button  lUilway  station,  and  de- 
signs for  Lincoln's  Inn ;  F.S.A.,  1894 ;  F.ILS.,  1831 ;  BJL, 
1841  ;  vice-president  of  InsUtate  of  BritiiOi  Architect^ 
1839  and  1841 ;  treasurer  of  Royal  Academy,  1850-61. 

[xxiv.  348] 

HARDWIOK,  THOMAS  (1762-1BS9X  arefaitect: 
pupil  and  biographer  of  Sir  W.  Obambers ;  exfaibitai  sk 
Academy,  1778-1805 ;  designed  Qalway  Gaol,  MarykbOM 
Church,  and  other  London  baiklings;  FJS.A.,  1781;  id* 
vised  J.  M.  W.  Turner  to  abandon  architecture. 

[xxiv.tH] 

HARDWIOKE,  E arus  or.  [See  Yorkr.  Phiup,  Ink 
Earl,  1690-1764;  Yorkr,  Phiup,  seoond  Earl,  ITSft- 
1790:  YoRKB,  Phiup,  third  Earl,  1767-1834;  YoBE^ 
Oharlbb  Philip,  fourth  Earl,  1799-1873.] 

HARDT,  Sir  CHARLES,  the  elder  (1680?-1744X 
vice-admiral ;  entered  navy  as  volunteer,  1696 :  sen«l 
under  Norris  and  Wager  in  the  Baltic  and  at  Gibnltn': 
commanded  royal  yacht  Carolina,  1730-48 ;  knighted!,  1742; 
vice-admiral  and  a  lord  of  the  admiralty,  1743. 

[xxiv.  851] 

HARDY,  Sir  CHARLES,  the  yoonger  (1716?-1780V 
admiral;  son  of  Sir  Charles  Haidy  the  dder  [q.  v.]: 
entered  navy  as  volunteer,  1781 ;  tried  for  loss  of  ooBf^f 
to  Newfoundland,  1744,  but  acquitted,  1745  ;  gcvemprdf 
New  York,  1755-7  ;  knighted,  1766 :  rear-iidmiral,  17M: 
seoond  in  command  under  Hawke  at  Brest  and  Qidbeni 
Bay,  1759;  admiral,  1770;  governor  of  Green wteh,  1771; 
M.P.,  Portsmouth,  1774 ;  commando*,  (Channel  fleet,  ITTi 

[xxiv.  8if] 

HARDY,  ELIZABETH  (1794-1864),  novelist  (aaoiv- 
naoas) ;  died  in  Qcuen's  Bench  Prison.  [xxiv.  W] 

HARDY,  FRANCIS  (1761-1818),  blogiapber:  EA. 
Trinity  (>>Uege,  Dublin,  1771;  barrister,  1777;  M2n 
Mnlliugar,  in  Irish  parliament,  1788-1800  ;  commWow 
of  appeals,  1806 ;  friend  of  Grattan  ;  published  *  MeoMto 
...  of  James  Caulfield,  Earl  of  (Tharionont,*  1810. 

[xxiv.  80] 

HARDY,  JOHN  8T(X)KDALB  (17M-1849X  t^ 
quary  and  ecdesiasticat  lawjrer;  F.8A.,  1896;  hli*Ui» 
rary  Remains*  published  by  John  (}oagh  Nichola, Ittl 

[xxiv.  864] 

HARDY,  MARY  ANNE,  Lady  (18S6?-1891>  Mi* 
ist  and  traveller;  daughter  of  Charles  MacDowAiwtt 
ried  Sir  Thomas  Duflus  Hardy  [q.  v.] ;  tnvrilad  li 
America  and  other  countries ;  published  noveia  aadboill 
of  travel.  [SuppL  IL  HO} 


HARDY,  NATHANIEL  (1618-1670),  daan  of 
ter ;  BJL.  Magdalen  Hall,  Oxford,  1636 ;  MJL.  Hart  Bill 
Oxford,  1638;  D.D.,  1660;  rector  of  St  DioBis  BHb> 
church,  Fenohurch  Street,  1660 ;  dean  of  Bocbe0tar,lllii 
vicar  of  St.  Martin*s-in-the-FieIds,  1661 ;  arcfadeaeia  d 
Lewes,  1667 ;  active  in  restoring  oharcbes;  his  leenai 
on  Ist  Epistle  of  St.  John  (1666  and  1669)  rqiaUliMi 
1865.  [xxiv.Sif] 

HARDY,  SAMnEL(1636-1691XnonconfoniiMnWl- 
ter;  BJL  Wadham  Ctollege,  Oxford,  1669;  miaiiterrf 

*  peculiars '  at  Charminster,  1660-7,  and  Ftiole,  116741; 
ejected  by  royal  commission  for  nonoonfonnl^,  IW; 

*  Guide  to  Heaven '  attributed  to  him  by  Oalamy. 

[xxiv.  30] 
HARDY,  Sir  JIHOMAS  (1666-1788X  vioe-ednint: 
cousin  of  Sir  Charles  Hardy  the  dder  [q.  t.]  :  tal  ** 
tenant  under  George  ChnrohiU  [q.  v.]  at 
knighted  for  services  under  Rooke  at  YigOi  1708;  , 
at  Malaga,  1704;  commander  at  the  Note,  1711;lIiK« 
Weymouth,  1711 ;  captured  oonroj  in  North  Sea,  int! 
second  in  command  under  Norris  in  Baltic,  1716 :  mSi^ 
have  been  dismissed  for  Jaoobitism,  but  reinstatBd ;  vi» 
admiral ;  buried  in  Westminster  Abbey.        [xxiv.  VQ 

HARDY  or  HARDIS.  THOMAS  (1748-I798),9eilll* 
divine ;  published  *  Principles  of  Moderation '  (1781  J^  tii» 
eating  repeal  of  Queen  Anne's  acts  (1718)  and 
tion  of  parochial  committee  for  single  patron ; 
of  Hugh  Blair  [q.  v.]  in  high  chorch,  Bdinbnrcb,  178M; 
minister  of  New  North  Church  (now  west  St.  QSm\  M 
and  professor  of  churdi  history  at  Edinbatyh ;  umdirnttfi 
1793 ;  dean  of  Chapel  Royal,  1794.  [xxiv.  SH] 


,    THOXAiJ   (i;&3-lS33X   rmdiatl    politlGiul 


,  Sn  THOMAS  DHPFTIS  (1S04-187B).  ai 
1  BDds  Petrle;  sUtfd ' Uodia  teneiull 


AS  U ASTERMAN.  D 

I :  Ueutenant  Id  the 
la,  defendliig  vbioh  p: 


HABBWOOD 


Co;<TuiK  [q.  V.];  of  Oorpiu  Cbnitl  Collide.  Oirord  : 
¥S.i...  nib  (trequmUy  nioe-ptwiUHit) :  F.BA,  173U; 
membrr  ol  SpAldinK  SocMt;  pitnm  of  Tatoc;  M.P^ 
BntOD.  I7JU-4;  Ti>lUd  lul;  xiCli  Ooojcn  HlddMin. 
mlkclmg  prmti  snd  dnwiiigt  at  autlqultls. 


I  B«T  (isoet-uer).  w 
j  163&;   Hdpp]i«d  OliBi 


. ;  dccllnal  an  Engliib 


it  PindlK  lounil  out '  (splrituil  ni 

t,  HUUH(16«8-1707XtrHns1al 
md  baron  ColiniiK  [q,  t.]  ;  I 


3  FBRDINAND  (1771-1 


utruD)  eodnl  14»; 


FRANCIS  (l«l-17«),biHiopol 
d  Klng'i  CoUeg*.  Cambridge,  w 
r)  Robert  Walpole;  U,A.,  Ie9e; 
Kial  In  Fluiden.  170*-,  a  roji 
irLbomi^b  aDd  anawCTHl  Swirt'a  ' 


nr,in»-a3;  [ulaolbj 


nola)  o(  Niebnbr'i' 


IS  CHARLES  (17gs.l8El).  srcbdncoa 
Franda  Hire-Naylor  [q.  i.];  alucsUd 
□d  Trlnll)-  Cc)lEgE.  Cambrid|n  :  Intl- 
UutlKeneliDDigby;  fdlow  d(  Triolly 


Jj  Thlrlwall), 
*  VlctoiT  of 


R  NICHOLAS  (d.  l»Th  iodge;  BdocsUd 

:  M.P.,  Downbni.  I(».  Korfolli.  lB3fl-10. 
*4-6 :  defeoded  Wolwy,  1530;  ircorder  of 
i:  knfgbtod.163-  


John  Skelton  Low 


)r  sdTliUig  eii 


k  Dl  tbe  pclla,  I180-; 


.  1873  i  reported  lo 


HAKl,  WILLIAK*/.  lasB),  CTimini 


aXq'-l:  ludlcUd 


,'rimat;    pilbllcbed   > 


HKKAY,  thlnl  Ban 


K  (waa- 


p   (17«7-1S4I).    [Sn 


HABFLETB 


HAKIXBTB.  UEKBY  (A  IBt!).  u 
ir  Plattwy'DitplHlBl.'  1633.  ■Vol  Offll 


IH    WILLIAM    (176g-1U9).  Idl 

PEter   Parker   (17Sl-lall)    [q,  ' 

'■  Ijluid,  1776 ;  captured  by  Spu 

-'-h  Hodnry.t  Dominica,  US) 


HAKLAITD 


:.  PR&Nois 

■  ot  Lincoln' 
A,  17*7 ;  sdltol  'State  TtIaIs ' 


filt  i/ie,''  HiiKV  Jnrlrfirtion  ol'the  Loid.' 
iiiid(«ltli  Ohirlcs  Bntln)  'Ooke  upim  Littleton,'  17T1 ; 
pDbUttial  alw  ■  OoUkUdd  o[  Tr>ct<  rdatln  to  the  Lmh  or 
Biglaol,'  17S7, 'OoUtctaus  Jaridlis,'  irgl-a,  snd  oUier 


BSW&RIl  HAMMOKD  111116-IsaiX 
.-ujuaLDg  la  AubCtrIIs;  ihvep-birmeTin  Syd- 


phj^dui  kt  Wdli  ud  Bkth  ;  mayoi 
(._...  „ icBoefrtj;  pnhll>lH!do 


[ixtT.M 

(IMl-llli),  wU  ol 
.  .  _..  Hutii«ti]D(j(.IMO)rq.T.];  rte 
..Qneai  KUubeUi  ;addnt«lBt  BtonudOtiruriCcllVi 
Ounbridge;  itodMl  U  Uncoln'i  Inn:  eaaadM  t( 
Qdhh  BUmlMtb  M  tnuMlat*  'OrtaDdo  Fnitan'  (MwH 
IMl,  with  pnluc.  'Ad  ApokHlc  -■  " — .-■-■>-  —  "j. 
■hails  of  SoDoraat,  1 W^  (DtRtaloa 


ItV^tDisitaLtdl 
ii  of  A]u-  wd 


HA£OKEATEB,  JAMBS  (d.  17TS},  InTentor  ol  U 
niiflulnfr- jenny ;  employed  by  Hobert  PFeUgraDdfallieri 


ImproTed  cardEiis-Di 


;  HppnjpciiLtB]  Arkwrlfllit'B  loiproTcd 
[>.l.,  > 
),  baptist  ml 


}8U] 


KASOSXATEB,  JAHEB 

ter;  Bt  Bolton,  Oniipn  |1718-1— „      

anii  WnUluun  Abboy  Craw  (IK38-4();  serrrtary 

taul  Thmlogiosl  Subjects,'  1B33.  (xili 

HAKGEKATES,  TRdltA.S  (177^1846),  mlninture- 
p«uil*r:  spprai'— '  -  "■-  ■" ' ' 


1199 ;  knlgbted  0 

preaenoi;  wrote  ukI  bMd*d  to  U 

procadlDKB  at  bi^i  wrote  ftu 

iutdiymud  ■  '  Tract  ootlieSBoaeidiia  tolhiCim' 
la  Cbe  Intflot  of  Juna  TI  (prfdUd,  1880):  amid  »  P 
to  ItsUod  u  ohmmDor  ud  uehbUlMp,  UK;  m 
InilTucBloa  at  Bmrj,  prion  of  Wola,  wnte  ipHnflib 
Qodwlii'*  'S*  PrmilltHB  An^l*'  (-Brielt  Yin  t 
"  irch  of  Engliid  In  Q.  *"'"""""        "~    "        '- 


Kelfpu,'  leU);   hk>  o 


I  -Mnpt 


ss 


.^,.  U>  the  etactor  palilin  UD; 
itoni  joonieir;  gliv  (Mil)  "^^ 
ng  bpme»-l»itiiliigef"-" — — 


'alra  ;  bmefactor  a 


bomw,  L.«:t™«  h.v. 


EABSKOTE,  ELY  <174]-U1S),  lutljor  of  'Hiilory 
of  .  .  .  KiiMesbmonKli,'  I7SB,  '  Aoeodolea  of  Aidhery,' 
with  Ule  ot  Kobia  Hood,  I7M,  ud  ■  Yorkshire  Ouetleer,' 
ISM.  [iilv.  JNJ 

HAXOSOTX.  WILLIAU  (ITS8-ie63X  tapc«npber 
■odlonnuliet;  eon  of  Ely  Hantniie  [q.  >.l;  [htrtj-five 
jbb™  editor  of  the  '  York  Herald  ■ :  •berilT  rf  York,  IMl ; 
publitbed  '  Hietory  »nd  DeacriptlOD  of  the  uieient  city 
of  York.'  ISIB,  lUld  '  New  Qolde  to  York.'  1M2,  and  other 


laeUnii.'  Ifau,  ■  A  Sohlso  m  tbe  Qtnlue  o(  ) 
,   EDWARD  OHARLBB  (IHUt-U 


,._tdait  ol  baud^  S 

tnde,    laH:    edited    ■Penlin   und  Anbio  Vnta  <    7 
BA'dK,- 17B1-E.  [ulT.M]        . 

KAEIOT, 'rHOHAB<lB«a-lUl%    [BeaBlBWOI.] 
HENRY  U.  1»<),Ghuu>Darol<tiM 
16:  lathorof  tbtolasio^w   '- 

ROBERT  (laie-lBTS),  (I 


HARIAWP,  JOHN  (I80a-1B«8>,  n 


'LiDcutilnUallad^'ii 


HARTiAND 


673 


HARMAN 


ID,  Sir  ROBBRT,  baronet  (1715?-1784X 
ominent  in  oaptara  of  Magnanime,  1748; 
nmand  ander  Keppel  at  Usbant^  177B ;  a  lord 
ilty,  178S-S :  admiral,  178S.        [zxiv.  891] 

r,  BRILLIANA,  Ladt  (1600  ?-1643),  letter- 
^hter  of  Edward,  afterwards  viBoount,  Con- 
thiM  wife  of  Sir  Robert  Harley  [q.  v.],  16S3 : 
sieged  at  Brampton  Bryan  Oastle,  1643 ;  her 
-43)  printed,  1»54.  [xxiv.  891] 

r.  Sib  EDWARD  (1624-1700X  Kovemor  of 
lest  gem  of  Sir  Robert  Harley  [q.  v.] ;  dis- 
ts    parliamentarian  officer  at  Red   Marley, 
a1   of  horse  for  Herefordshire  and  Radnor, 
Herefonlshire,  1646  and  1666 ;  impeached 
ig  the  disbanding  ordinance,  1648 ;  member 
!  state,  1669 ;  governor  of  Dmikirk,  1660-1 ; 
of  DanJdrk,  1661 :  K.B. ;  daring  rdgn  of 
iposed  in  parliament  legislation  a^nst  non- 
sat  also  in  first,  third,  and  fourth  parliaments 
I :  poblished  theological  tracts,  [xxiv.  392] 

r,  EDWARD  (1664-1736),  auditor  of  the 
I  of  Sir  Edward  Harley  [q.  v.] ;  educated  at 
:  barrister,  Middle  Temple;  acted  in  revo- 
S88  ;  recorder  of  Leominster,  1692 ;  M.P., 
1698-1722 ;  pablished  *  Harmony  of  the  Four 
3  (anon.)  [xxiv.  394] 

r,  EDWARD,  second  Earl  or  Oxpord  , 
collector;  son  of  Robert  Harley,  first  earl 
on  be  succeeded,  1724 ;  friend  and  corre- 
?ope  and  Swift :  patron  of  Vertue  and  Oldys  ; 
Boood  edition  of  the  *  Dunciad,'  1729 ;  an 
he  copyright  of  third  edition ;  added  to  his 
ction  of  books  and  manuscripts ;  his  books, 
Amphlete  sold  to  Thomas  Osborne,  1742,  and 
to  the  British  Museum.  [xxiv.  394] 

r,  OBOBGE  (1791-1871),  water-oolour  painter 
-master.  [xxiv.  396] 

r,  GEORGE  (1829-1896X  physician;  M.D. 
L860 :  house  surgeon  and  physician  to  Edin- 
Inflrmary ;  studied  physiology  and  chemistry 
resident  of  Parisian  Medical  Society,  1863 ; 
I  practical  physiology  and  histology  at 
^olliege,  London,  1866;  fellow  of  Chemical 
P.O.P.  Edinburgh,  1868 ;  professor  of  medical 
«  at  University  Cioliege,  1869,  and  physician 
ital,  1860 ;  F.R^.,  1866 ;  published  medical 

[SuppL  ii.  392] 

r,  GEORGE  DAVI^  {d.  1811  ?X  actor  and 
>wn  as  the  *  Norwich  Boecius ' ;  real  name 
ayed  Richanl  III  and  other  Shakespearean 
vent  Garden,  1789-91,  and  old  men  in  the 
pported  Mrs.  8iddon£  at  Dublin,  1802 ;  pnb- 
and  biographical  sketch  of  William  Henry 
*  the  celebrated  young  Roscius,*  1802. 

[xxiv.  396] 
r,  JOHN  (d.  1668X  bishop  of  Hereford ;  MA. 
College,  Oxford,  1640 ;  probationer-fellow, 
kster  of  Magdalen  School,  1642-8 ;  chaplain  to 
jr.  eari  of  Warwick,  1648,  to  Edward  VI,  1661 ; 
>f  Worcester,  1662  ;  bishop  of  Hereford,  1663-4. 

[xxiv.  397] 
r,  JOHN  PRITT  (1786-1868),  actor  and 
!eeded  to  John  Bannister's  parts ;  appeared  at 
and  the  Lyceum,  1816-36,  and  under  Bonn's 
t,  1841-8  ;  at  Covent  Garden  with  Macready 
€  Vntris,  1838  and  1840  ;  excelled  in  rdle  of 
an  clowns;  played  Bobadil  to  Edmund 
Ij,  1816 ;  seized  with  paralysis  while  playing 
bbo  at  the  Princess's.  [xxiv.  897] 

r,  Sir  ROBERT  (1679-1666X  master  of  the 

Oriel  College,  Oxford;    K.B.,  1603;    M.P., 

Herefordshire  ;  mi»ter  of  the  mint,  1626-36 

active  in  Long  parliament  against  *  idolatrous 

'  against  Strafford,  and  in  Scottish  and  Irish 

plate  and  money  to  parliament;  organised 

bis  casUe  at  Brampton  Bryan  captured  by 

44 ;  imprisoned,  1648-9,  for  voting  to  treat 

g.  [xxiv.  898] 

r,  ROBERT,  first  Earl  of  Oxford  (1661- 
Bman;  eldest  son  of  Sir  Edward  Harley 
ember  of   the   Inner   Temple,   1682;   high 


sheriff  of  Herefordshire,  1689 ;  M.P.,  Tregony,  1689-90 ; 
New  Radnor,  1690-1711;  a  moderate  tory,  but  always 
on  terms  with  the  whigs ;  brought  in  Triennial  Bill,  1694 ; 
established  National  Land  Banl^  1G96  ;  carried  reductions 
in  the  army,  1697,  1698 ;  speaker,  1701-6 ;  secretary  of 
state  for  northern  department,  1704  ;  commissioner  for 
union,  1706;  intrigued  against  colleagues  through  Abi- 
gail Hill's  influence  with  the  queen;  resigned,  1708; 
chancellor  of  the  exchequer  and  head  of  solid  tory 
ministry,  1710 ;  his  life  attempted  by  Goiscard,  1711 ; 
initiated  scheme  for  funding  national  debt  through  South 
Sea  Company,  1711 ;  created  Baron  Harley,  Earl  of  Oxford 
and  Mortimer,  and  named  lord  treasurer,  1711 ;  obtained 
dismissal  of  Marlborough  and  creation  of  twelve  peers  to 
carry  peace  of  Utrecht ;  K.G.,  1712 ;  ousted  by  Bollng- 
broke  from  favour  of  queen  and  tory  party;  dismissed 
for  neglect  of  business  and  disrespect  to  queen,  1714 :  his 
impeachment  (1717)  on  charges  of  making  the  peace, 
secretly  favouring  James  Edward,  the  Old  Pretender, 
and  advising  dangerous  exercise  of  prerogative  dismissed 
mainly  on  account  of  differences  on  the  question  of  pro- 
cedure between  the  two  houses,  1717  ;  excepted  from 
the  Act  of  Grace;  forbidden  the  court;  continued  to 
appear  in  the  House  of  Lords,  and  to  correspond  with 
the  Old  Pretender,  though  refusing  to  lead  the  Jacobite 
tories.  High  characters  of  him  are  giveu  by  Pope  and 
Swift;  but  he  corresponded  simultaneously  with  Hano- 
verians and  Jacobites,  and  though  a  skilfuJ  party  leader 
was  an  incapable  statesman.  He  formed  a  great  library, 
purchasing  the  manuscript  ooUectious  of  Foxe,  Stow,  and 
D'Ewes.  [xxiT.  399] 

HASLET,  THOMAS  (1780-1804),  lord  mayor  of 
London ;  grandson  of  Edward  Harley,  second  earl  of  Ox- 
ford [q.  v.]  ;  prime  warden  of  Goldsmiths'  Company, 
1762-3 :  M.P.,  city  of  London,  1761 ;  re-elected  against 
Wilkea,  1768 ;  M.P.,  Herefordshire,  1776-1802  ;  as  sheriff 
of  London  and  Middlesex  caused  No.  46  of  the  *  North 
Briton '  to  be  burnt,  1763  ;  lord  mayor  of  London,  1767-8 ; 
privy  councillor  for  services  during  Wilkite  riots,  1768 ; 
mobbed,  1770 ;  senior  alderman,  1786 ;  lord-lieutenant  of 
Radnorshire.  [xxiv.  406] 

HARLTBTPy,  Sir  RICHARD  (/.  1480),  governor  of 
Jersey ;  captured  Mont-Orgueil  from  the  French,  1460  or 
1467 ;  captain-in-chief  of  Jersey,  1473 ;  attainted  for 
participating  in  Simnel's  rising,  1486,  and  in  that  of  Perkin 
Warbeck,  1496 ;  in  service  of  Duchess  of  Burgundy. 

[xxiv.  407] 

HARLOW,  GEORGE  HENRY  (1787-1819X  painter  ; 
eighteen  months  in  Lawrence's  studio ;  a  declared  oppo- 
nent of  the  Academy ;  exhibited  portraits  and  historical 
pieces  at  the  Academy  from  1804;  attracted  notice  by 
group  of  portraits  of  Charles  Mathews  (1814)  and  '  Triid 
Scene '  from  '  Henry  VIII,'  containing  portraits  of  Mrs. 
Siddons  and  the  Kembles,  1817;  while  in  Italy,  1818, 
made  acquaintance  with  Canova ;  member  of  Academy  of 
St.  Luke,  Rome;  painted  portraits  of  various  artists; 
painted,  by  invitation,  his  ovm  portrait  for  Ufflzi  Gallery, 
Florence.  [xxiv.  408] 

EARLOWB,  SARAH  (1766-1862),  actress  ;  wife  of 
Francis  Waldron  ;  after  making  a  name  at  Sadler's 
Wells,  appeared  at  Covent  Garden,  1790,  Haymarket, 
Drury  Lane,  English  Opera  Hou?e,  and  Royalty ;  retired, 
1826;  her  best  parts,  Lucy  ('Rivals'),  Widow  Warren 
(*  Road  to  Ruin '),  Miss  MacTab  ('  Poor  Gentleman '), 
and  old  Lady  Lambert  (*  Hypocrite ').  [xxiv.  4U9] 

HABLOWE,  THOMAS  (d.  1741),  captain  in  the  navy  : 
commanded  the  Burford  at  Barfleur,  1692 ;  engaged  un- 
successfully French  squadron  carrying  spoils  from  Oar- 
thagena,  1697  ;  acquitted  by  court-martial  under  Rooke ; 
engaged  at  Vigo  in  the  Grafton,  1702  ;  died  senior  captain. 

[xxiv.  410] 

HARKAH,  Sir  GEORGE  BYNG  (1830-180'J),  lieu- 
tenant-ereneral ;  educated  at  Marlborough  ;  ensign,  1849  ; 
captain,  1866;  served  in  Crimea,  1864;  brevet  major, 
1866;  served  in  Indian  mutiny,  1867 ;  on  staff  in  West 
Indies,  1866-72;  brevet  colonel,  1871;  on  staff  in  expe- 
ditionary force  in  Egypt,  1882 :  deputy  adjutant-general 
at  headquarters,  1883 ;  militor}'  secretory,  1886  ;  E.C.B., 
1867  ;  lieutenant-general,  1890.  [Suppl.  IL  393] 

HARMAH,  alUu  Vetbet  or  Votsey,  JOHN  (1466  ?- 
1564).    [See  Vetsey.] 


r,  Sir  JOHN  (d.  1673X  admiral ;  commanded 

the  Welcome  at  battle  of  Portland,  1663,  and  in  action 


HAKMAN 


574 


HAKPSFTEIiD 


off  the  Thamefl,  1663 ;  in  Woroeetcr  ander  Blake  at  Santa 
Cruz ;  flaK'Captain  to  Duke  of  York  in  Koyal  Cbarles  in 
action  with  Dutch,  1665 :  knighttad,  1665 ;  rear-admiraU 
1666  :  prominent  in  four  days*  fight  off  North  Fordand, 
1666 :  an  commander-in-chief  in  West  Indies  destroyed 
French  fleet  at  Martinique  and  seized  Cayenne  and  Suri- 
nam, 1667;  rear-admiral  of  the  blue  at  Solebay,  167S: 
vice-admiral  in  second  action  vdth  De  Ruyter,  1678 ; 
admiraU  1673.  [xxi?.  4lU] 

HABHAK,  THOMAS  (A  ^(^^7),  writer  on  beggars: 
his  *A  Oaueat,  or  Warening  for  commen  cyrsetors 
Vvlgarely  called  VagaboncR*  (first  edition,  1666;  re- 
printed, 1889) ;  plagiarised  by  Dekker.  [xxIt.  411] 

HARMAU  or  HAHrKK,  JOHN  (1666  7-1618),  pro- 
fessor of  Greek  at  Oxford ;  educated  at  Winchester  and 
New  College,  Oxford ;  fellow  of  New  College ;  M.A.,  1688 : 
B.D.,  1605  ;  disputed  at  Paris  with  Romanists  ;  patronised 
by  Leicester;  regins  profeaaor  of  Oreek,  Oxford,  1686; 
head-master  of  Winchester,  1688-96 :  warden  of  St.  Mary's 
College,  1696 ;  a  translator  of  the  New  Testament,  1604  ; 
edited  Chrysostom's  *  HomiUes,*  1686  and  1690. 

[xxiv.  412] 

HAKMAK  or  HARMTCTl,  JOHN  (16947-1670),  pro- 
fessor of  Greek  at  Oxford ;  nephew  of  John  Harmar  or 
Harmer  (1665  ?-16l3)  [q.  v.] ;  educated  at  Winchester 
and  Magdalen  College,  Oxford  ;  M.A.,  1617 ;  M.B.,  1682 ; 
master  of  free  school,  St.  Albans,  16S6;  professor  of 
Greek,  Oxfbrd,  1660  -  e.  1660 ;  translated  Heinsiua's 
'  Mirrour  of  Humility,'  1618,  and  published  *  Life  of 
Cicero,'  1662,  withother  works.  [xxiy.  413] 

HARMT^,  ANTHONY  (pseudonym).  [See  Whar- 
ton, Hrnry,  1664-1696.] 


,mmw^^,^m.  JAMES  (1777-1863),  alderman  of  London, 
1833-40 :  sheriff,  1834-6  ;  gave  important  evidence  before 
the  committee  for  reform  of  criminal  law ;  a  founder  of 
Hoyal  Free  HoepitaL  [xxiv.  413] 


THOMAS  (1714-1788),  independent 
minister  of  Wattisfield,  Suffolk,  1734-88;  left  manuscript 
accounts  of  Norfolk  and  Suffolk  dissenting  churches; 
published*  Observations  on  Divers  Passages  of  Scripture 
.  .  .  from  .  .  .  Books  of  Voyages  and  Travels,*  1764,  and 
'Outlines  of  New  Commentary  on  Solomon's  Song,'  1768 ; 
*  Miscellaneous  Works  *  issued,  1823.  [xxiv.  414] 

HABHEBS,  Sm  HENRY  DRURY  (1804-188S), 
general ;  brother  of  William  Harness  [q.  v.]  ;  studied 
mining  engineering  in  Mexico ;  instructor  in  fortification 
at  Woolwich,  1834-40,  professor,  1844-6;  secretary  to 
railway  commission,  1846-80 ;  deputy-master  of  the  mint, 
1H60-2 ;  commissioner  of  Irish  works,  1862-4 :  lieutenant- 
colonel,  1856 ;  chief-engineer  under  Lord  Clyde  in  the 
mutiny;  director  at  Chatham,  1860;  K.CJ).,  1873; 
general,  1878.  [xxiv.  414] 

HAKVE88,  WILLIAM  (1790-1869),  divine  and 
author ;  brother  of  Sir  Henry  Drury  Harness  [q.  v.] ; 
of  Harrow  and  Christ's  College,  Cambridge ;  M.A.,  1816 ; 
friend  and  correspondent  of  ^ron;  Boyle  lecturer  at 
Cambridge,  1822 ;  incumbent  of  R^ent  Square  Chapel, 
1826-44 ;  perpetual  curate  of  All  Saints',  Knightsbridge, 
1849-69 ;  published  an  edition  of  Shakespeare  with  *  life,* 
1826,  plays  of  Massinger  and  Ford,  *  Life  of  Mary  Russell 
Mitfoid,*  1870;  the  Harness  prize  for  a  Shakespearean 
essay  founded  at  Cambridge  in  his  memory,  [xxiv.  416] 

HABOLD,  called  Harefoot  (<f.  1040X  king  of  the 
English :  reputed  son  of  Canute  and  iBliglfu  of  North- 
ampton [q.  v.] :  elected  by  the  witan  through  Danish 
support  king  north  of  the  Thames,  and  (apparently)  over- 
king  of  all  England,  1036  ;  said  to  have  lured  to  England 
by  forged  letter  his  half-brothers,  and  to  have  slain  /Elfred, 
1037 ;  chosen  king  of  all  Enghuid,  1087  :  banished  his  step- 
mother Emma  from  Wessex ;  buried  in  St.  Clement  Danes 
after  disinterment  by  Hardioanute.  [xxiv.  417] 

HABOLD  (1022  7-1066),  king  of  the  English ;  second 
son  of  Godwin  or  Godwine  [q.  v.]  and  Gytha ;  earl  of  East 
Anglia,  1046;  received  half  of  Swegen's  earldom  (1046), 
and  opposed  his  restoration ;  raised  forces  in  Ireland, 
ravag^  Somerset  coast,  and  sailed  with  Godwin  from  Port- 
land to  London,  1062 ;  succeeded  his  father  in  Wessex, 
1063,  and  as  head  of  the  national  party  probably  caused 
unjust  banishment  of  iBlfgar,  earl  of  the  East  Angles, 
1U55;  ammged  peace  between  Gmffydd  ab  Llywelyn 
[q.  ▼.]  and  uuB  Imglish  king,  1066 ;  probably  prevented 


meeting  between  Bdwwd  the  conferaor  and  his  iBtadsi 
heir,  the  setheling  Edwaid,  1067:   reodTsd  eukkaiaf 
Hereford,  1068 :  went  on  pilgrimage  to  Rome,  anl  viriM 
France,  c  1068 ;  his  church  at  Walthom  dedicsM  bj 
Cynesige  of  York,  1060 ;   sailed  round  the  Webh  oaol, 
1062-3,  and,  aided   by  Tostig,  subdued  and  dethnvd 
Gmffydd,  ravaged  the  land,  and  exacted  tribute :  wnekd 
on  the  coast  of  Ponthieu.  and  delivered  by  Count  GojH 
William  cl  Normandy ;  after  serving  William  sg^but  tht 
Bretons,  swore  on  the  relics  to  be  bis  man  in  Eng;laod  ui 
to  marry  his  daughter,  <*.  1064 ;  on  his  return  manM 
AJdgyth  and  advised  the  outlawing  of  Ttetig  and  Ui 
supersession  in  Northumbria  by  Morkere  to  gain  Mercte 
support  for  his  own  succession  to  the  English  thnoi; 
chosen  king,  January  1066,  by  the  nobles,  as  Udward  tt» 
Confessor  enjoined  on  his  deathbed,  and  crowned ;  obtalsad 
recognition  from  the  Northumbrians ;  sailed  to  the  lA  of 
Wight,  and  for  four  months  kept  together  an  an^  kr 
defence  against  Normandy ;  defeated  Harold  Hardr^if 
Norway  and  Tostig  at  Stamford  Bridge  (26  SepL  1(W>: 
left  York  for  London,  and  thence  noardied  to  Sailac  or 
Battle  near  Hastings  with  men  of  the  east  and  sooth; 
fortified  a  position  on  the  hill,  where  he  was  atta^ri 
(14  Oct.  1066)  bv  the  Normans,  and,  after  repeUiiig  mt 
attack,  was  defeated  and  dain  owing  to  the  eomff 
stratagem  of  pretended  fiight.  Hisbodyissapposedflnils 
have  been  buried  by  W^illiam's  order  on  the  seo-ooosl,  sal 
afterwards  transferred  to  Waltham.  [xxiv. 418] 

HABOLD,  FRANCIS  (d.  1686XohxY>nflgxmpba-of  te 
order  of  St.  Francis;  nephew  of  Luke  Wadding  [q.r.]; 
chief  works :  epitome  (IMS)  of  Wadding's  *■  FxandseM 
Annals,'  with  *life,'  and  (1683)  'life*  of  Mofrrobeioi, ai^ 
bishop  of  Lima ;  died  at  Rome.  [xxiv.  421] 

EABPEB,  JAMES (1798-1879),  theologian;  edoMftri 
at  Edinbnigh  ;  sixty  years  secession  minister  of  SMh 
Leith ;  chairman  of  the  synod,  1840 ;  innnnliin  cboRft 
professor  of  pastoral  theology,  1843,  of  systematic  theoleo, 
1848 ;  hon.  DJ).  Jefferson  College,  Amcaioa,  1843;  eflacMi 
union  of  secession  and  relief  bodies  ;  modentor  of  miM 
presbyterion  synod,  1860 ;  honorary  D.D.  Gloegov,  1877. 

[xxiv.4JB] 

HABPSB,  JOHN  (d.  1742),  actor :  played  atliaodrt 
Inn  Fields,  1719-21,Dr.  Cains  and  A  jax,  and  several  origlHi 

Sarts ;  at  Druiy  Lane,  Falstaff,  Sir  Bpicore  Uuaam, 
obeon  the  Cobbler  (*  The  Devil  to  Pay  *),  Sir  WQfol  Hi' 
would  CWay  of  the  World ' ),  Cacafogo  (*  Rnk  a  Wifieai 
have  a  wife*);  prosecuted  m  a  test  acaon  forvsgniq^ 
and  discharged,  1788.  [xxiv.  4^ 

HABPSB,  JOHN  (1809-1842X  axx^hiteot:  friodfl. 
Etty  and  Stanfidd ;  with  the  Wyatts  prepuned  deslgDBi* 
Apdey  House  and  York  House ;  died  at  Naples. 

[zxiv.4fn 
HABPEB,  THOMAS  (1787-1858),  inspector  of  nonal 
instruments  to  the  East  India  Company :  tnimpet-plOT: 
engaged  at  Drury  Lane  and  Lyceum  English  opera,  IMi 
at  Ancient  Concerts  and  Italian  Opera,  1891,  and  at  Pbl* 
harmonic  Concerts.  [xxiv.  418] 

HABPEB,  Sir  WILLIAM  (1496?-1678X  locda^ir 

of  London ;  master  of  Merchant  Taylors'  Cooapany,  liU; 

sheriff  of  London,  1667-8 ;  lord  mayor,  1661-2:  kaigMri. 

i  1662 ;  helped  to  found  Merchant  Tbylon*  School ;  koM 

school  at  Bedford,  1666.  [xxiv.  418] 

HABPEB,  WILLIAM  (1806-1867X  author  aad  jaor 
nalist ;  published  two  volumes  of  vdigioca  rtm  tad 
*  Memoir  of  Benjamin  Braidley,*  1846.  [xxhr.  4S9] 

HABP8PIELD  or  HABPB8FELD,  JOHX  (IU«- 
1678X  chaplain  to  Bishop  Bonner;  of  Wincfaertwoi 
New  College,  Oxford ;  fellow  of  New  College,  1634-e.  IW : 
M.A.,  1638;  D.D.,  1664;  arohdeaoon  of  Loadoo,  IM; 
dean  of  Norwich,  1668 ;  leoloos  perseoutor  of  prolsrtHti: 
disputed  with  Cronmer,  Ridley,  and  Lothner,  at  Oxfoel: 
aouve  in  convocation  against  Reformation,  IfU:  i^ 
prived  and  imprisoned  in  the  Fleet ;  pnttUsbed  hcsnflw 
[xxiv.4«J 

HABP8TIELD  or  HABPESPSLD,  NlCH(ttil 
(1619  ?-1676);  theologian ;  brother  of  John  BupMA  m 
Harpesleld  [q.  v.]  ;  educated  at  Winchester  and  NevOri* 
lege,  Oxford;  fellow,  1636;  principal  of  WhitefaaDkoriA 
1644;  first  regins  professor  of  Greek,  e.  1646;  VtifA* 
Louvain  during  reign  of  Edward  VI ;  DjC.L.  OlWi 
1664 ;  proctor  in  court  of  arches,  1664 :  Ticorof  LsiBlHi 
Essex,  1664 ;   archdeacon  of  Oonterbwy  and  ofleU  ■ 


HARPUR 


575 


s ;  M  inroloontor  of  lower  bouse  of  convoca- 
l  remoutstniuoe  against  reformation,  U69; 
ht  Romanist  disputants,  1659  :  imprisoned 
.  1M9-76 :  bis  '  HIstoria  Anglicana  Bccle- 
9d  by  Ricbaid  Gibbons,  IMS,  *  Treatise  on 
DiTorce  between  Henry  Vm  and  Catherine 
y  Nicholas  Pocook,  1878,  and  six  Latin  dia- 
ing  *  peeudo-martyrs  *  by  Alan  Cope,  1M6 
•ft  manoacript  lives  of  Cranmer  and  More. 

[xxiT.  431] 
»  JOSEPH  (1778-1821 X  critic :  matriculated 
hqge,  Oxford,  1790 ;  deputy  professor  of  oiyil 
i«  1806  (D.OJi.,  1813):  published  *  Essay  on 
of  Philoeophlcal  Criticism  applied  to  Poetry,' 

[xxlv.  432] 


RICHARD  (1766-1888),  artist  and  en- 
sbed  TiewB  of  Cambridge,  1797-8,  and  1800, 
iie  rarious  orders  in  tibe  UniTerBity,'  1808, 
«ia  Depicta,*  1811.  [xxiv.  432] 


RICHARD    BANKBS    n778-1862X 
Richard  Harraden  [q.  v.] ;  made  drawings 
gia  Depicta,*  1811,  and  published  further 
•  1810.  [xxiv.  483] 


[See  Wilson, 


I.  MARGARET  (1797-1846). 
XL  Baron.] 

K  ROBERT  (1780-185SX  inventor  of  'oom- 
rs*  for  inking  types,  1810:  preserved  Ben- 
in's press,  and  left  money  for  a  *  Franklin 
>rinter8.  [xxiv.  433] 

Ur,  JOHN  (1760-1831 X  botanist:  clergy- 
nmberland  and  Durham  ;  F.L.S. :  furnished 
ith's  *  English  Botany,*  and  discovered  many 
ens :  the  microscopic  dot  lichen  named  after 

[xxiv.  433] 

3T0V,  Earls  of.  [See  Stan  hops,  Wil- 
Barl,  1690  ?-1  766;  Stanhopk,  Wiluam, 
1719-1779:  Stanhope,  Charles,  thirl 
829;  Stanhope,  Charub,  fourth  Earl, 
rAXHOPE,  Leicester  Pitzoerald  Charles, 
4-1862.] 

!»TOV  or  HABnrOTOV.  JAMBS  (1611- 
1  theorist ;  great-nephew  of  John  Harington, 
irington  of  Bxton  [q.  v.] ;  studied  at  Trinity 
rd;  some  time  in  service  of  elector  pala- 
Iraie  and  Venice :  groom  of  the  bedchamber 
at  Hobnby  and  in  the  iRle  of  Wight: 
be  Commonwealth  of  Oceana,*  1666,  the 
Mng  *  (abridgment  of  *  Oceana '),  1669,  and 
in  defence  of  it :  formed  the  *  Rota  *  club  for 
assion,  1669-60:  imprisoned  in  the  Tower, 
Iterwaids   at   Plymouth:  works  edited  by 

[xxiv.  434] 

9T0V,  JAMES  '(1664-1693),  lawyer  and 
ed  at  Westminster  and  ()hrist  Church, 
^  1690 ;  barrister.  Inner  Temple :  pnblit>hed 
ter  poem  on  the  death  of  Charies  II, '  Defence 
and  Privileges  of  the  University  of  Oxford ' 
tber  pamphlets :   contributed  preface  and 

0  firKt  editi<ni  of  *  Atbente  Oxonienses.* 

[xxiv.  436] 
l»TOV,  Sir  JOHN  (1661-1618).    [See  Har- 

7T0H,  MARIA,  fourth  Codntess  of.  [See 
k,  1797  ?-1867.] 

ITOV,  ROBERT  (Jt.  1816X  writer  on  natural 
pnblisfaed,  as  *  Richard  Bewley,  M.D.,'  a 
Air*  (1791),  and  other  works  against 
eory  of  combustion  and  in  favour  of  phlo- 
lical  Essay,*  (against  Priestley),  1794,  and 

[xxiv.  436] 

ITOV,  WILLIAM  (d.  1623),  divine :  pre- 
.  Paul's,  1497 :  rector  of  St.  Anne's,  Alders- 
;    published  a  work  in  commendation  of 

[xxiv.  487] 

%    THOMAS   (1660-1621),   mathematician 

Mr:    B.A.   St.  Mary  Hall,  Oxford,    1580: 

totor  to  Sir  W.  Ralegh,  who  sent  him,  1686, 

linia :  his  '  Brief  and  True  Rq>ort '  (1688) 

1  Ds  Bry*a  *  America  Deacriptio*  and  in 
Ironed  bj  Henry,  eari  of  Noithumberland, 


one  of  whose  *  three  magi '  be  became.  His  *  Artts  Ana- 
lyticsB  Praxis  ad  ^nationes  Algebraioas  resolvendas,* 
edited,  1681,  by  Walter  Warner,  embodies  inventions 
which  gave  algebra  its  modem  form.  He  used  telescopes 
simultaneously  with  Galileo :  he  observed  sun-spots  uid 
the  comets  of  1607  and  1618.  Collections  of  his  papers 
are  at  the  British  Museum  and  Sion  House,    [xxiv.  437] 

HARRIOTT,  JOHN  (1746-1817),  projector  of  the  Lon- 
don Thames  police :  served  in  the  navy  and  in  the  merchant 
service ;  also  in  military  employ  of  East  India  Company ; 
received  gold  medal  from  Society  of  Arts  for  reclaiming 
from  the  sea  (1781-2)  Rushley  isle,  Essex;  lived  in 
America,  1790-6;  patented  improved  ship's  pump  (1797) 
and  other  inventions ;  resident  magistrate  at  lliames  police 
court,  1798-1816 ;  addressed  (1797)  letter  to  the  Duke  of 
Portland,  secretary  of  state,  broaching  his  scheme  of 
Thames  police  (marine  police  established,  1798) ;  published 
*  Struggles  through  Life,*  1816.  [xxiv.  489] 

HARRIS,  AUGUSTUS  GLOSSOP  (1826-1873X  actor 
and  manager ;  appeared  on  American  stage  when  eight 
years  old ;  managed  Princess's  Theatre,  Loo^dan,  1869-62 ; 
manager  of  Covent  Garden ;  Introduced  Feohter  to 
London.  [xxv.  1] 

HARRIS,  Sir  AUGUSTUS  HENRY  GLOSSOP  (1862- 
1886),  actor,  impresario,  and  dramatist :  son  of  Augnstos 
GIossop  Harris  [q.  v.]  :  manager  at  Covent  Garden,  e.  1876 ; 
tieoame  lesrce  of  Drury  Lane,  1879,  and  produced,  in  cd- 
iaboration  with  various  authors,  a  succession  of  highly 
popular  melodramas  and  pantomimes,  besides  operas: 
sheriff  of  London  and  knighted,  1891.      [Suppl.  ii.  894] 

HARRIS.  CHARLES  AMY  AND  (I813-1874X  bishop 
of  Gibraltar  ;  M.A.  Oriel  College,  Oxford,  1837 ;  fellow  of 
All  Souls'  College,  Oxford,  1686-7 ;  rector  of  Wilton,  1840- 
1848;  prebendary  of  Salisbuigr,  1841;  archdeacon  of 
Wilts,  1863 ;  vicar  of  BremhiU-with-Highway,  1863-8  ; 
bishop  of  Gibraltar,  1868-78.  [xxt.  1] 


,,  Sir  EDWARD  ALFRED  JOHN  (1808- 
1888),  admiral ;  brother  of  James  Howard  Harris,  third 
earl  of  Malmesbury  [q.  v.]  ;  M.P.,  Chippenham,  1844-62 ; 
consul-general  in  Denmark,  1862, 1'em,  1862,  Chili,  1868, 
and  Austrian  coasts  of  the  Adriatic,  1868 ;  minister  at 
Berne  and  (1867)  the  Hague;  K.C.B.,  1872;  admiral, 
1877.  [xxv.  12] 

HARRIS,  FRANCIS  (1829-1886),  physician;  BJL 
Caius  (College,  Cambridge,  1862 ;  M Jj.,  1869 ;  studied  at 
St.  Bartholomew's  Hospital,  and  in  Paris  and  Berlin; 
assistant-physician  at  St.  Bartholomew*s  Hospital,  1861 ; 
published  thesis  on  amyloid  degeneration,  1869. 

[xxv.  2] 

HARRIS,  GEORGE  (1722-1796),  clvUian;  D.C.L. 
Oriel  College,  Oxford,  1760 :  chancellor  of  Durham,  Here- 
ford, and  Uandafl;  bequeathed  40.00U/.  to  St.  George's 
and  16,0002.  to  Westminster  Lying-in  hospitals;  edited 
Justinian's  '  Institutes,'  with  translation,  1766. 

[xxv.  2] 

HARRIS,  GEORGE,  first  Baron  Harris  (1746- 
1829X  general :  served  with  6th  fusiliers  in  Anwrica ; 
wounded  at  Bunkers  Hill,  1776;  commanded  grenadier 
batt^ion  at  capture  of  St.  Lucia,  1778;  second  in  com- 
mand at  defence  of  La  Vigie:  served  against  Tippoo 
Sahib,  1790-2  :  commanded  troop  In  Madras,  1796-1800 ; 
captured  Seringapatam  and  suttdued  Mysore,  1799 ;  lieu- 
tenant-general, 1801 :  general,  1812 ;  created  a  peer,  1816  ; 
G.C.B.,  1820.  [xxv.  8] 

HARRIS,  GEORGE  (1794-1869),  unitarian  minister ; 
studied  at  Glasgow  University;  secretary  of  Scottish 
Unitarian  Association;  minister  at  Liverpool,  1817-22, 
Bolton,  1822-6,  Glasgow,  1826-41,  Edinburgh,  1841-6,  and 
Newcastle,  1846-69 ;  eager  controversialist  and  successful 
preacher.  [xxv.  4] 

HARRIS,  GEORGE  (1809-1890),  author:  educated 
at  Rugby:  barrtiter.  Middle  Temple,  1848;  deputy  county 
court  judge  of  Bristol  district,  1863 ;  acting  judgeof  county 
court,  Birmingham,  1 861 :  registrar  of  court  of  bankruptcy, 
Manchester,  1862-8:  beaded  deputation  to  Paknerston 
suggesting  formation  of  Historical  Manuscripts  Commis- 
sion, 1869 :  vice-president  of  Anthropological  Society  of 
London,  1871 :  joint  founder  and  vice-president  of  Psycho- 
logical Society,  1876.  His  works  include  •  Life  of  Lord- 
chancellor  Haidwicke,'  1847,  » Civilization  considered  as  a 
Science,'  1861 ;  and  an  '  Autobiography,'  1888. 

[Suppl.  IL  894] 


HABBIS 


576 


HARSIB,  GEOROB  FBANOIS  ROBERT,  kbiid 
Barox  Harris  (1810-187S>,  governor  of  Madras ;  grand- 
aon  of  6«orge  Harris,  first  baron  [q.  t.]  ;  adooated  at 
Eton  and  Merbon  and  Christ  Oharch  OoUeges,  Oxford; 
B.A.,  1832 ;  D.O.L.,  1863 ;  governor  of  Trinidad,  1846 : 
governor  of  Madras,  1854-9;  reinforoed  Earl  Canning 
during  the  matiny ;  G.OJB.I.,  1809 ;  chamberlain  to  Prin- 
cess of  Wales.  [xxv.  6] 

HA2BI8,  HENRY  (d.  1704  ?).  chief  engraver  to  the 
mint,  1690-1704 ;  engraver  of  public  seals.         [xxv.  6] 

HABBI8.    HOWBL   (1714-177SX    Welsh   methodist 

Eioneer ;  worked  with  Daniel  Rowlands  [q.  v.]  till  method- 
it  dismption,  1761 ;  founded  *  family*  or  community  at 
Trevecca,  1762;  served  in  Brecknockshire  militia,  1769; 
visited  and  oorreaponded  with  Oonntess  of  Huntingdon 
[see  Hastikos,  Sklina]  :  preached  at  Whitefldd's  taber- 
nacle, [xxv.  6] 

HARKI8,  JAMES  (1709-1780X  author  of  *  Hermes,  or 
a  Philosophical  Inquiry  concerning  Universal  Orammar,* 
1761,  and  other  works  (collected,  1801);  MJP.,  Ohrist- 
churoh,  1761-80 ;  a  lord  of  the  treasury,  1763-5 ;  secre- 
tary to  Oeorge  nPs  quoen,  1774.  [xxv.  7] 

HARRIS,  JAMBS,  first  Eart.of  Malmksbury  (1746- 
1820X  diplomatist ;  son  of  James  Harris  [q.  v.]  ;  educated 
at  Winchester,  Merton  (}ollege,  Oxford,  and  Leyden; 
when  charg6  d'affaires  at  Madrid  prevented  Spanish  ex- 
pedition against  Falkland  isles,  1770 ;  minister  at  Berlin, 
1772-6;  ambassador  at  St.  Petersburg,  1777-82;  named 
minister  at  the  Hague  by  Pitt,  1784  ;  promoted  counter- 
revolution in  favour  of  house  of  Orange:  negotiated 
alliance  with  Prussia  and  Holland,  1788;  created  Baron 
Malmesbury,  1788  ;  supported  Fox  on  regency  question, 
but  (1793)  left  him  with  *old  whigs';  negotiated  fresh 
alliance  with  Prussia,  1794,  and  match  between  the 
Prince  of  Wales  and  Princess  Oaroline  of  Brunswick; 
engaged  in  fruitless  negotiations  at  Paris  and  Lille,  1796- 
1797 ;  incapacitated  by  deafness,  but  much  consulted  by 
Pitt  and  Canning  on  foreign  affairs;  created  Earl  of 
Malmesbury  and  Viscount  Fitzharris,  1800;  *  Diaries* 
edited  by  grandson,  1844,  family  letters  issued,  1870. 

[xxv.  8] 

HARRIS,  JAMBS  HOWARD,  third  Earl  of  Malmies- 
BCRY  (1807-1889X  statesman ;  grandson  of  James  Harris, 
first  carl  of  Malmesbury  [q.  v.]  ;  educated  at  Eton  and 
Oriel  College,  Oxford ;  B.A.,  1827 ;  during  continental 
trips  became  acquainted  with  Loiiis  Napoleon ;  M.P., 
Wilton,  1841 ;  succeeded  to  peerage,  1841 ;  protectionist 
whip  in  the  Upper  House:  joined  Disraeli  in  uxiging 
reform  on  Lord  Derby ;  as  foreign  secretary  (February- 
December  1862)  reoognised  Napoleon  in,  whom  he  inter- 
viewed in  Palis,  1853 :  during  second  tenure  of  office 
(1858-9)  re-established  good  relations  with  him,  helped 
to  compose  dispute  between  France  and  Portugal,  ex- 
acted reparation  from  Naples  for  *  Cagliari '  affair, 
1858,  delayed  war  between  Austria  and  Sardinia,  and 
strove  to  localise  it  when  declared  (1859X  adopting 
policy  of  strict  neutrality ;  created  O.C.B.  on  retirement ; 
offered  support  to  Palmerston  against  Russell,  I860; 
attempted  to  remove  Napoleon's  prejudices  against  the 
conservatives,  1861 ;  carried  vote  of  censure  on  Palmer- 
ston for  policy  on  Danish  question,  1864 ;  loid  privy  seal 
in  Lord  Derby'ii  last  ministry,  1866-8,  and  under  Disraeli, 
1874-6 ;  published  '  Memoirs  of  an  Ex-minister,*  1884. 

[xxv.  9] 

HARRIS,  JOHN  (1688  ?-1668),  warden  of  Winchester 
College;  M.A.  New  College,  Oxfoid,  1611:  D.D. ;  fellow, 
1606-22 ;  regius  professor  of  Greek,  1619-22 :  prebendary 
of  Wells,  1622 ;  member  of  Westminster  Assembly ;  warden 
of  Winchester  (College,  1680-58;  published  life  of  Bishop 
Arthur  Lake.  [xxv.  13] 

HARRIS,  JOHN  (1667  7-1719),  divine  and  author: 
MJL.  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  1691 :  D.D.  Lambeth, 
1706 :  prebendary  of  Rochester,  1708 :  incumbent  of  St. 
Mildred,  Bread  Street,  London,  with  St.  Mangaret  Moses : 
rector  of  East  Barming,  1715:  ridiculed  in  *  Picture  of  a 
High-flying  Cleigj^man,'  1716;  F.R.S.,  1696  (secretary, 
1709);  lectured  on  mathematics  in  Birchin  LancLoodou ; 
died  a  pauper.  His  works  include  defence  of  the  Wood- 
wardian  system,  1697,  Boyle  lectures,  1698,*  Lexicon  Tech- 
nicum,*  1704,and  *  Navigantium  atqne  Itinerantium  Biblio- 
theca,'  1705.  [xxv.  18] 

HARRIS,  JOHN  (Jl.  1737),  organ-builder:  son  of 
Renatns  Harris  [q.  v.]  [xxv.  22] 


HARRIS,  JOHN  (Jt.  1680-1740),  arcbltsctand  ul 
topographical  engraver.  [zzr.  14] 

HARRIS,  JOHN  (<f.  1884X  water-oohmr  psiats 
exhibited  at  Royal  Academy,  1802-15.  [xxv.  14] 

HARRIS,  JOHN  (1756-1846X  poblisber:  sutaU 
John  Murray  and  F.  Newbery,  and  soooeeded  to  littct*i 
business.  [xxt.  U] 

HARRIS,  JOHN  (1802-1 656X  principal  of  NewCU. 
lege,  London;  *bqy  preacher'  near  Bristol;  ttacoloKkri 
professor  at  Cheshunt  (^lege,  18S7 ;  D.D.  Brown  Umf»> 
sity,  Rhode  Island,  U.&A.,  1838 ;  principal  of  New  Gdl^ 
Loiadon,  and  its  professor  of  theology,  1851 ;  cbaixnu 
of  Congregational  Union,  1862;  published  *  The  Oral 
Teacher,'  1836,  and  theological  prise  essays,     [xxv.  15] 

HARRIS,  JOHN  (1820-1884),  Cornish  poet :  worM 
in  Dolcoath  mine ;  won  first  prize  for  SbakeqMaie  t» 
centenary  poem,  1864 ;  received  grants  from  Royal  Ufee> 
rary  Fund  and  Rojral  Bounty  Fund;  published  *I«ifi 
from  the  Mine,  the  Moor,  and  the  Mountain  *  (1853)  sri 
other  verse.  [xxv.  U] 

HARRIS,  JOHN  RYLAND  (Iedan  Ddu  o  Lax  Tawt) 
(1802-1823),  writer  in  Welsh;  son  of  Joseph  Hsrris 
(Gomer)  [q.  v.] ;  contributed  to  *  Seren  (}omer '  im«»> 
paper,  1818-23;  mmie  Welsh  version  of  *  Paradise  Be- 
gained  * ;  published  Welsh  guide  to  reading  ot  mule. 

[xxv.  16] 

HARRIS,  JOSEPH  (?)(>!.  1661-1681),  actor;  liayd 
in  Sir  William  D*Avenant*s  company  at  Linooln't  bn 
Fields  and  Dorset  Grarden;  Romeo  to  Betterton's  M»> 
cutio,  1662 ;  took  original  rdles  in  plays  by  D'AveBOt, 
Drydcn,  Etherege,  and  Otway ;  intimate  with  Fepji. 

[xxv.  17] 

HARRIS,  JOSEPH  (/.  1661-1708X  aotor  and  diaat- 
tist;  member  of  king's  company  at  Theatre  Bofil: 
engraver  to  the  mint  on  accession  of  Anne :  four  jmii 
ascribed  to  him.  [xxv.  iq 

HARRIS,  JOSEPH  (1702-1764),  assay  master  of  tti 
mint,  1748 ;  author  of  monometallist  *  Esasy  oo  Slao9 
and  Coins'  (two  parts,  1756  and  1758X  citsi  by  Lad 
Liverpool.  1805,  and  praised  by  MoOoUoeb,  and  M* 
thomons  ( 1 775)  treatise  <m  optin.  [xxv.  a] 

HARRIS,  JOSEPH  (d.  i814X  organist  of  St  lUrtiB\ 
Birmingham  (1787);  oomposed  songs  and  barprfdiod 
quartette.  [xxv.  11] 

HARRIS,  JOSEPH  (Gomcr)  (1773-1 8SiX  WcM 
author:  baptist  pastor  at  Swansea;  edited 'SemOoMr' 
(first  newspaper  in  WelshX  1814-15,  and  afterwuditf 
monthly  magazine;  published  selectioo  of  Wdshkyan 
(Ychydig  o  hymnauX  1796,  the  bible  in  Welsh  sad  Bar* 
Ush,  1825,  •  Coflant  leuan  Ddu  *  (memoir  <tf  his  ton),  ltt>  ^ 
and  other  works.  [xxv.  II] 

HARRIS,  JOSEPH  JOHN  (1799-1868X  orgsniitil  ^ 
Manchester,  1848-69;  published  *The  Okthedxal  Jidf  j 
Service,*  1844, '  The  Musical  Expression,*  18tt. 

[xxv.W] 

HARRIS,  JOSEPH  MACDONALD(1789-1860XMii- 
clan  :  arranged  Burgoyne's  *  OoUeotion  of  PmIibb,'  WB: 
published  musical  compositions.  [xxv.  SO] 

HARRIS,  JOSEPH  THORNS  (1828-1869X  friai^ 
and  composer ;  son  of  Joseph  John  Harris  [q.  v.] 

[XXV.S0] 

HARRIS,  MOSES  (Jt.  1766-1786X  entomokeitt  ad 
artist;  published  with  plates  by  hinuelf  *llie  Inrcta 
or  Natural  History  of  English  Insects,'  1766,  'Eb«U* 
Lepidoptera,*  1775, '  Exposition  of  English  Insects,*  ITTi 
and  other  works ;  his '  Natural  System  of  Oiloan'  ittd 
by  Thomas  Martyn,  1811.  [xxv.  10] 

HARRIS,  PAUL  (1573-1635  ?X  Roman  cathottediThi; 
banished  from  Dublin  for  attacking  Franotooans:  pi^ 
lished  tracts  against  Archbishop  Thomas  Ftadng  [q.^;] 
and  against  Francis  Matthews.  [xxv.  11] 

HARRIS,  RENATU8,  or  R^6  (lMO?-inin 
organ-builder;  defeated  by  'Father  Smith*  (Bemd 
Smith,  q.  v.)  bi  contest  for  building  organ  in  Tnab 
Church,  1684;  afterwards  built  thirty-nine  orgsa!,* 
eluding  those  in  King's  College  Ohapd,  Oambridjp(llWi 
and  in  cathedrals  of  Ohichester(l678X Winchester Omjk 
Ely,  Bristol  (1685),  Okraoester,  Woroerter,  Herrfoid(M 
St.  Patrick  ( 1697>,  and  Saliabiuy  (1710X         Itxr.  fl] 


nplyto 


(ft.  IfiU),  UinloginD :  tellov  ol 
Wife,  1690;  unlor  fcllon',  IIM; 
(viDT  or  OntlDslhorp,  IH7,  ind 
3 :  puMLsbnl '  CcBOOnHn  Aintll- 
leoue '  Ae  dlHldlo  Anglic^ — ' 


[«r.  W] 
Qt  »I  Trinity 

,_,  .atari,  IWW: 

in,0ibnlsbln,]«U-4ll 

IH-S:  prBldaitDfTrlnUTOo]lc8e,0ifDiill 


;  B.A.  WonHlcr  I 


THOHUa  (d.  IBM),  propdrtoc  and  mai 


WALTER  (lMr-173!).  phrslelui :  M.D. 
ol  Ke«  Oollcge,   OsfonJ:   B,A.    1B7U: 

WkslLlUa:  plij^Uui  loWiiliunllli 
mm,  1710-11;  HMveUn  onilor:  •tteodal 
D  ber  dHlfabot,  leM  ;  pabllshid  medical 
tt  at  Sjnlrolaitn,  [iit.  It] 

WALTER  (less-lIBl).  Iiitb  bUtmlo- 
eUt  aCTiiiiltTCal1esi!,DiiblIii.l70T:  ban. 
L,  1761;   vlciv-RetiAnl  of  tbc   prt>t«et«Qt 


Sir  Ja 

7«r-H,and-HlitoT;( 
WILLIAM  (1(4«!-1 


d  tranfelAtiai  with  « 
-■orto  anamlDg  Ire- 
Iriah   n-TltDra,   17311. 


gmcml.  1997; 


OHoded   n 


;   F.as..  II 


tHcliiu  ;  ImiKlilcd 

HAASIBON.  BENJAMIK, 
tnuorer  ol  Uu^'s  Hiwiltiil,  1787 
depiicj-gflv«mor  of  Hudioo'a  I 
panLcd ;  cbalrmaiL.  Bxcbeqner  L 


BKOW  (17W-1M7).  eliH- 
for  hla  inipnivfld  U^UtiUng- 
}aplFy  melallliit,  1816 ;  gaTS 
tinmtarj  Inwh  of  •l«trietty ; 
)[  e,M)W. :  appoinlAl  adtnttae 


elder   (1"1-1»«). 


Bterttn, 
Ellectwi  HdmwacbDlu : 


niBMa,  Kennkott,  a 

jlinUl ;  ohaplain  b 

K^ditnie.  1M*-S7i 


toAretibUiop  Htnrl^ 

tbc~  Old TcctammC,  last;  pramUil  hU  Ubnr;  (d  OaDter- 
bui;  Dalbedial ;  edited  filibopBn»igtitaa'iKnD«u.lB17. 
and'CbriiUaaitJlnKKypt,'  1SH3.  [iit.61] 

HARBlMlT.an  OBORGB  ^d.  IMI),  ](«al  writer; 

inuei  of' the  crown,'  19U,  ai 


Waift-coldurSodei)',  1S16.  '         [«•.  M] 

KAKSIBOir,  JOH»  (j(.  1830).  enniT  lo  Barbara  and 
mlhoT ;  ETogm  of  the  privy  cluUBber  lo  Frlnm  Hentj : 
afterwarda  Id  Aervloe  of  riectreu  palatlAd;  aberifT  of 
Bennuda.  leu  ;  after  wrera]  Tltlti  lo  DartiarT  obtaloal 
nle»«  of  S«0  Britlab  aubjccti.  1M6-30;  pubbibed  work 
airalnat  Jtwa  (3id  ed,.  liM\  and  booki  rcbiling  to  tbe 
..  ._j  T,„v,„. J .. .  MvleyAbdala  Mtlsk, 


tekmgof 


lid  Bohtmia,  audio 


£■■ 


,as] 


nan. 


roHK   (ii'»-iMe).   pbiUbtbropjai : 

m  oI  Leoli,  lam.  and  a^aUi.  1D31; 
Eirkgatc  with  Bt.  Jobo'a  Cburrh  and 


WILLIAM  <ll7t?-l7*)).  I;r(-lijt.rlm 
D-D.  Bdlaborab.  llw.  and  Aberdeni ;  , 
-Dtched  Frian  from  1M8 :  Friday  evening  [ 
Wtighhoaw.  Butcbeap.  1708; ■■ " 


a  carpeuler ;  derUed  gridlnn  pendulum  O^IS),  reci 
eicapcmcDt, '  going  ntcbM '  (aecoodir)'  ipring),  ud '  ni 
mobical  acale  * :  oompeted  iat  board  of  kmgltol^'t  prii 
for  detemUnlij^  tongitddD  at  fw  wttblu  aiitj.  forty,  rL 
thirty  g«igr«pble»I   mile*   rapMtJnlj   with   b'     " 

prixc)  by  parbamt 

-i._ ._.._,j —    _.    aj.u    ^^    Inlfirpoflitlon 


WII-LlAil     GEORQX. 
I-IS46),  llEUtcnanC^iieral :  Mil  Ol  u 
irrto  [q.  t.]  ;  aerltd  against  Tippoo 
]piaihagaie£pfldltiou(lMll),  andluCi 


HASRisoir.  n ,_   _ . 

Corpui  Cbrlitl  Collage,  Cambrlilge.  Itll ;  remond  Inim 
—,.,-  -,  AyWiun  Mbool   for    obl«iU«"  ««  0" 


HABHISON 


678 


HAHSNETT 


prayer-book,  1674;  wben  master  of  a  bos«pital  At  Nor- 
Avich,  helped  Robert  Browne  [q.  t.]  to  form  a  noncoD- 
forniist  oongre^atloii ;  migrated  to  Middelburg,  1581; 
published  tbiM>loglcal  tracts;  oorresponded  with  Oart- 
wright.  [xxT.  88] 

HAKRIBOir,  ROBERT  (1716-1803),  mathematician 
and  lingraiat;  master  of  Trinity  Honse  School,  New- 
castle,  1767;  pablished  (with  Isaac  Thomson)  *  Short 
Account  of  a  Course  of  Natural  and  Bxpaimeiatal 
PhUosophy,'  1767.  [xxr.  89] 

HAKKI80K,  SAMUEL  (1760  -  181SX  Tooalist ; 
soprano  at  Ancient  Conocrts  and  Society  of  Sacred 
Music,  1776;  principal  tenor  at  Olouoetter  fertiral, 
1781 ;  engaged  for  Handel  Oommemoration,  1784,  at  in- 
stance of  Greorge  III :  sang  at  Hereford,  1786-1808,  and 
at  Olouoester  and  Worcester,  1801-8,  at  the  Ancient  Oon- 
certa,  1786-91,  and  afterwards  at  the  Vocal  Ooooerts. 

rxxT.89] 

HABBISOV,  STEPHEN  (Jl.  1608),  joiner  and 
architect ;  designed  arches  for  entry  of  James  I  into 
London,  1604,  describol  in  rare  work  issued  that  year. 

[xxT.  89] 

HARRIBOir,  SUSANNAH  (176S-1784),  icUgioos 
poet :  sometime  a  domestic  serrant ;  pablished  '  Songs  in 
the  Night,'  178U.  [xxv.  40] 

HASBISOK,  THOMAS  (1556-1681),  biblical  scholar; 
B.  A.  St.  John's  (College,  Cambridge,  1676 ;  fellow  and  vice- 
prefect  of  Trinity  (Tollege ;  a  reviser  of  James  I's  bible. 

[xxv.  40] 

HABRZBOir,  THOMAS  (1606  -  1660X  Rgidde ; 
when  a  member  of  Inns  of  Court  enlisted  in  Essex's 
bodyguaid,  1642  ;  major  in  Fleetwood's  horse  at  Marston 
Moor,  1644 ;  entwed  the '  new  model  * :  present  at  Naseby, 
1645,  Langport,  and  captures  of  Winchester  and  Baring ; 
M.P.,  Wenoover,  1646 ;  coiond  of  horse,  1647 ;  opposed 
farther  negotiation  with  Charles  1, 1647 ;  distinguished 
himself  under  Lambert  at  Appleby,  and  was  wounded, 
1648:  negotiated  with  levellers,  1648;  sealoas  for  trial 
of  Charles  I,  whom  he  escorted  fn»n  Hurst  to  London; 
regularly  attended  meetings  of  high  court  of  justice ; 
held  chief  oommand  in  England  during  Cromwdl's 
atMenoe,  1650-1 ;  directed  pursuit  after  Worcester,  1661 ; 
elected  to  council  of  state,  1661 ;  a  promoter  of  army 
petition  of  IS  Aug.  165S ;  assisted  in  expelling  Long 
parliament,  1663  ;  member  of  council  of  thirteen,  and 
a  leading  spirit  in  *  Barebones  parliament,'  1668  :  de- 
prived of  his  commissi<m  under  the  instrument  of 
government,  1653;  reprimanded  by  Cromwdl  for  rela- 
tions with  anabaptists,  1654;  imprisoned,  1655-6  and 
1658-9 :  refused  dight  or  compromise  at  the  Restoration  : 
exempted  from  Act  of  Indemnity,  1660  :  justified  his  action 
against  Charles  1  by  the  authority  of  parliament :  showed 
great  courage  at  his  execution.  [ xx v.  4 1  ] 

HARRIflOir.    THOMAS    (1619-1683),    nonconfor- 
mist divine :    chaplain    to  governor  of  Virginia  :  suc- 
ceeded Dr.  Godwin  at  St.  l>un:>tan'8-in-the-East,  e.  1650: 
accompanied  Henry  Crouiwell  to  Ireland,  1657 ;   D.D.  < 
Caml)ridge :    founded  dis«*nting    church     at   Dublin :  ' 
publishod     'Topica     Sacra:     Spiritual    Logick,'     1658  I 
(second  part  uddod  by  John  Hunter  uf  Ayr.  1713). 

[xxv.  41] 

HARRI80K,  THOMAS  (1693-1745),  divine  and 
poet :  pastor  of  particular  bapUsts  in  Little  Wild  Street, 
1716-29;  conformed  and  was  vicar  of  Radcliffe-on-the- 
Wreke,  1729-46:  published  *  Poems  on  Divine  Subjects,' 
1719.  [xxv.  44] 

HAKBISOK,  THOMAS  (1744  -  1K29).  architect; 
studied  at  Rome;  admitted  to  academy  of  St.  Luke,  and 
awarded  medals  by  Clement  XIV :  rebuilt  Clicstcr  (;u-«tlo, 
and (1829) erected  the Qrosvctior  Bridge;  built  Broomhall, 
Fifcshire,  1796;  suggested  to  Lord  Elgin  collection  of 
Greek  works  of  art.  [xxv.  46] 

HARRISON,  THOMAS  ELLIOTT  (1H<I8  -  1888). 
civil  engineer;  ^vorked  with  Robert  Stephenson,  and 
MUK^ifled  as  chief  engineer  of  York,  Ncwcantlp.  and  Ber- 
wick line:  dcs^uod  Jarrow  (1868)  and  Hartlepool  docks  ; 
priv-idc-nt  uf  Institute  of  Oivu  Bnginccn>,  1K74. 

[xxv.  45] 

HARRISOK,  WILLIAM  (1534-1593),  topographer 
mill  clironologist ;  educated  at  St.  l*aul'«  School  and 
Wc-itmiiister,  (Cambridge,  and  Christ  Church,  Oxford ; 


M.A.,  1660;  rector  of  Radwinter,  1569-98;  cuob  of 
Windsor,  1686 ;  his  '  Description  of  Bngiaiid,*  Un,priiiM 
with  Holinshed,  as  also  his  version  of  BeHsndm'i  tisadt- 
tlon  of  Boeoe's  *  Description  of  ScoUond ' ;  extracU  tnm 
his  *  Great  CHironoIogie  '  (nnprinted)  in  Fnmivall'K  eAitigB 
of  *  Description  of  England '  ( 1877).  [xxr.  ¥,] 

HARRISOK,    WILLIAM    (16S8-1691X    iMt   ncb- 
priest  of  England ;  D.D.  Dooay ;  profenor  of  tbeology  si 


HARRISON,  WILLIAM  (181S-1860), 
of  the  Great  Eastern  steamship ;  sdecttl  in  1866  to 
mand  the  Great  Leviathan,  onemrards  colled  the  Oral 
Eastern ;  brought  her  into  Portland  otter  trial  ti^  IIM; 
caprized  in  ship's  boat  near  Southampton  dock. 

[XXT.  48] 

HARRISON,  WILLIAM  (1818-1868X  opefo  ft^tt 
oad  manager ;  appeared  at  Oovent  Garden,  1889 ;  maf 
at  Dmry  Lane  In  English  operas:  accomponied  Lsnte 
Vjne  to  America,  1854  ;  with  ber  directed  Bogllsli  «pn 
at  Lyceum,  1867,  and  Covent  Goiden,  186^-64:  Mb 
manager  of  Her  Majesty's,  1864-4,  wben  be  plml 
(]barles  Surface.  [szT.4q 

HARRISON,  WILLIAM  (1803-1884),  onttaosiy; 
established  Manx  Society,  1868;  pnbUabed  *Blblisltai 
Monemriw,*  1861,  and  other  vrorks.  [xxv.  4^ 

HARRISON,  WILLIAM  FREDERICK  (ISlf-UNl 
water-colour  padntcr ;  ddest  sod  ol  Mary  HorrisaD  [q.  f.J 

[XXT.fO] 

HARRISON,  WILLIAM  GBOROB  (18S7-1M| 
lawyer ;  B.A.  St.  John's  Odlege,  GambrMge,  IM: 
barrister.  Middle  Temple,  1868  ;  Q.O.,  1877;  port  ssMv 
of  *  Joint-Stock  Companies  Act,*  1866.  [xxv.  N] 

HARROD,  HENRY  (1817-1871),  professiooBl  » 
tiquary;  secretary  to  Norfolk  Arenmogicol  Socirii: 
F.S.A.,  1854:  published  'Gleanings  omong  Oaitlsi  aol 
Ckmventsof  Norfolk'  (1857):  arranged  recofdsof  $*■ 
wich,  Lynn,  and  other  boroughs.  [xxv.  N] 

HARROD,  WILLIAM  (d.  1819).  compiler  of  hiittri* 
of  Stamford,  1785,  Mansfield  (pt.  i.  1786,  pt.  IL  180l)isri 
Market  Harborongh,  1808.  [xxv.  N] 

HARROWRT,  Earlr  of.  [See  Rtdeb,  Dcdlkt,  ta* 
Earl,  1762-1847 ;  Ryder,  Dudlct,  eeoond  Baru  ITM* 
1874 ;  Rydbr,  Dudley  Francw  Stuart,  1881-19ltt} 

HARRT,  BLIND  (JL  147&-149S).  [See  HnXT  ni 
Minstrel.] 

HARRT,  GEORGE  OWEN  (/.  1604X  Wd*  » 
tiquary ;  rector  of  Wliitchnrc^  Pembrokeshiie:  MMri 
Camden  in  his  *  Britannia '  and  published  o  geneolopw 
King  James  (1604)  and  '  The  Well-sptyiue  of  Tim 
Nobility.'  [zzr.fl] 

HARRT,  NUN  MORGAN  (1800-1842).  O0» 
gational  minister  at  Banbury,  and  (1882-41)  wv 
Broad  Street:  hon.  secretary  of  Peace  Sodefey,  \W; 
editor  of  *  Herald  of  Peace.*  [xxv.  61] 

HARSNETT,  ADAM  (rf.  168BX  divine:  BA.  R» 
broke  Hall,  Cambridge,  1601 :  M.A.  St.  John's  Cdk^ 
1604  :  B.U.,  1612 ;  vicar  of  HuUou,  1609-89 ;  rector  of  Oa** 
ham,  1612-39 ;  published  religions  works.        [sxv.ll] 

HARSNETT,  SAMUEL  (1561-1681),  anhblAflp  if 
York:  i>cholar  and  fellow  (1688)  of  Pembroke  Hall,  Oi» 
briilgu:  M.A.,  1684;  D.D^  1606:  master  of  Pnbl* 
Hall,  16116-16 ;  censured  by  Whitgift  for  semoo  spf^ 
predcstinaUon,  1684 ;  vicar  of  ChigwdU  1697-1I06;  el» 
lain  to  Bancroft  when  bishop  of  London  ;  arcbdoMaa 
Rxitex.  1603-9:  rector  of  Stisted,  1609-19;  vk»«lisBed« 
of  Cambridge,  1606  and  1614 ;  bishop  of  (^licbester,  l«Mli 
of  Norviieh,  1619-28;  archbishop  of  York.  161941  :■; 
I  popular  with  puritano;  pablished  on  exposure  (liN)« 
I  the  exorcist,  John  Darrel,  and  *  A  Deolorotion  of  < '"^ 


i 


Douay,  1597-1603;  arch-priest  of  England,  ScoUand,  ud      . 
Ireland,  1616 ;  obtained  freedcnn  ct  clagy  from  ieraitc«D> 
trol  and  restoration  of  episcopal  government  [xxv.  47] 

HARRISON,  WILLIAM  (1686-1718X  poet ;  elaGiM 
ot  Winobester  and  New  0>Uege,  Oxford ;  follow  of  Ktv  *^ 
CtoUege,  1706  ;prot^  of  AjidisofioDd  Swift  ;secretai7ti  < 
Lord  Roby  ot  the  Hogoe,  1711,  ofterwords  to  UtieeH 
embassy ;  oontinoed  the  *  Totter '  (Jonoory  to  May  17111 
with  assistance  of  Swift  oad  St  John ;  hio  *  Woodstock 
Pork  *  in  Dodsley's  ooUeetloo.  [xxv.  47] 


HABT 


579 


HABfECJSY 


lOBtarei,*  1603,  from  which  Shakespeare  took 
}f  the  spirits  in  *Lear':  hia  *  Gousideratioos 
er  MttUng  of  Oharch  goTemment '  ordered  by 
>  be  circtUated  among  bishops,  1839 ;  foanded 
higv^ ;  bequeathed  his  library  to  oorporatioo 
I.  [xxy.  52] 

AABOK  (1670-1756),  chief  rabbi :  rabbi  of 
goe  of  Qerman  and  Polish  Jews,  Mitre  Sqnare, 
ke*8  Phuse,  Aldgate,  1781-56 ;  pablished  *  Urim 
,*  the  first  HdSrew  book  printed  In  London, 

[XXV.  56] 

AARON  (172S-1800),  first  British  merchant 
loada.  [xxy.  56] 

AOOLPHUS  M.  (181S-1879X  Canadian  writer 
*) ;  son  of  Bzekiel  Hart  [q.  y.] ;  pablished 
Disoorery  of  Valley  of  the  Miasissippl,*  186S. 

[xxy.  56] 
ANDREW  or  ANDRO  (d,  1691X  Bdinborgh 
pablisher ;  issoed  works  of  Sir  William  Alex' 
nunmoodof  Hawthomden ;  published  edititms 
le  ri610)  and  Barbour'a  *  Bruce';  imported 
I ;  impn8<med  as  a  leader  of  tumult  of  17  Dec. 

[xxy.  56] 

Sir  ANDREW  SEARLE  (1811-1890),  vice- 
Trinity  College,  Dublin:  fellow  of  Trinity 
blin,  1835 ;  If^,  1839 ;  LUD.,  1840 :  senior 
;  vioe-provost,  1876-90 :  knighted,  1886 :  con- 
mathematical  journals,  and  pablished  demen- 
Ks  on  mechanics  (1844),  hydrostatics,  and 
oka  (1846).  [xxv.  56] 

Sib  ANTHONY  (1764  7-1831),  lord  chancellor 
barrister.  Middle  Temple,  1781 ;  K.O.,  1807; 
leral  to  Queen  Charlotte,  1816;  vlce-chan- 
aglaod.  18S7 ;  privy  councillor  and  knighted, 
^hanoolor  (rf  Ireland,  1827-30.        [xxv.  57] 

CHARLES  (d,  1688),  actor:  grand-nephew 
sue:  played  the  Duchess  in  Shirley's  'Car- 
L:  Ueotcnant  in  Prince  Ruprat's  regiment 
idlion:  arrested  while  playing  Beaumont 
!r'8  *  Bloody  Brother,'  1646 ;  after  Restoration 
Vere  Street  house,  and  with  KllUgrew  at 
fal ;  his  best  tngio  parts,  Arbaces  C  King  and 
I,  Amintor  (* Maid's  Tragedy*),  Alexander, 
I  Brutus :  his  best  comic  parts,  Mosca  (*  Vol- 
1  John  CThe  Chances 'X  WUdblood  ('Mock 
) :  said  to  have  introduced  Nell  Owyn  to  the 

[xxv.  57] 

CHARLES  (1797-1859),  organist  and  com- 
ted  Qresham  prize  with '  Te  Deam,'  1831 ;  pub- 
ni,  anthems,  an  oratorio,  and  other  mtuical 
IS.  [xxv.  58] 

ERNEST  ABRAHAM  (1835-1898X  medical 
uid  reformer:  educated  at  City  of  London 
mbert  Jones  scholar,  1848:  studied  medicine 
ge's  Hospital,  and  was  surgical  registrar  and 
or  of  anaUmiy:  M.R.C.S.,  1856;  surgeon, 
on  Hospital,  1860-3:  ophthalmic  surgeon  at 

Hospital,  1863-8:  dean  of  medical  school, 
ited  'British  Medical  Journal,'  1886-98;  ad- 
ledical  publications  to  Oeorge  Smith  [q.  v.], 
m  of  Smitli,  Elder  &  Co.,  to  whom  he  sug- 
hilities  of  developing  the  ApoUinarls  spring ; 
4  Harveian  Society,  1868;  honorary  D.C.L. 
(93 :  organised  numerous  medical  and  sanitary 
(published    addrenus,   pamphlets,   and   other 

[Buppl.  ii.  396] 

EZBKIEL  (1770-1843),  Canadian  Jew ;  son 
lart  (1722-1800)  [q.  v.] ;  established  poliUcal 
:w8  in  Lower  Canada,  1831.  [xxv.  56] 

GEORGE  VAUQHAN  (1762-1832),  general ; 

the  46th  in  American  war ;  present  at  Long 

indywine,  1777,  aixi  Monmouth;  afterwards 

ndia  (Bangalore,  Seringapatam,  Mullavelly); 

general,  1811 ;  M.P.,  oo.  Donegal,  1813-31. 

[xxv.  69] 
HENRY    (A   1649),  author   of   devotional 

[xxv.  69] 

HENRY   GEORGE  (1808-1878).  Ueotenaut- 

litor  and  proprietor  of  *  Hart's  Army  List': 

foot ;  colonel,  1860 ;  lieutenant-general,  1877 ; 


Snblisbed  first  quarterly  army  list,  1889,  first  annnaL 
840.  [xxv.  59] 

HABT,  JABfES  (/.  1683),  physidan;  studied  at 
Paris  and  in  Germany ;  gradaated  abroad ;  practised  at 
Northampton :  published  *  Anatomie  of  Urinea,'  1625,  and 

*  KAtrcxi^  or  Diet  of  the  Diseased,'  1633.  [xxv.  60] 

HAST,  JAMES  (1663-1729),  minister  of  Greyfrlars, 
Edinburgh ;  M.A.  Edinburgh,  1687 ;  minister  of  Ratho, 
1692-1702,  of  Greyfriars,  Edinburgh,  1702-29 ;  opposed 
the  union  ;  called  by  Steele '  the  hangman  of  the  Gospel  * ; 
his  *  Journal  in  1714 '  edited,  1832.  [xxv.  61] 

HABT,  JOHN  (d.  1574),  orthographer ;  Chester 
herald,  1566;  his  *  Orthographic'  (on  the  phonetic  sys- 
tem), 1669,  reprinted  by  Pitman,  1860.  [xxv.  61] 

HABT,  JOHN  (d.  1586X  Jesuit :  B J).  Douay,  1677 ; 
priest,  1578 ;  condemned  to  death  as  a  priest ;  recanted 
on  the  hurdle ;  withdrew  recantation  and  disputed  with 
John  Rainoldes  [q.  v.]  at  Oxford ;  sent  back  to  the  Tower, 
where  (1582)  he  became  a  Jesuit ;  banished,  1585 ;  landed 
in  Normandy,  1585 ;  died  hi  Poland.  [xxv.  61] 

HABT,  JOHN  (1809-1873),  pioneer  colonist  and  pre- 
mier of  South  Australia ;  enmged  in  mercantile  service 
to  Tiumania;  director  of  Adelaide  Auction  Company, 
1840;  member  for  Victoria  district  in  old  legislative 
council,  1851 ;  member  for  Port  Adelaide  in  first  House 
of  Assembly,  1857 ;  treasurer,  1857 ;  colonial  secretary,  1868 
and  1864-5 ;  premier,  1865-6,  1868,  and  1870-1 ;  C.M.O., 
1870.  [SuppL  iL  897] 

HABT,  JOSEPH  (1713  7-1768X  independent  preacher 
at  Jewin  Street  Chapel,  London,  1760-8 ;  author  of  hymns, 
1759.  [xxv.  62] 

HABT,  JOSEPH  BINN8  (1794-1844).  organist  and 
composer ;  wrote  songs  when  chorus-master  and  pianist 
at  the  English  opera,  1818-31 ;  composed  dance  music. 

[xxv.  62] 

HABT,  MOSES  (1676  7-1766),  builder  of  the  great 
synagogue,  Aldgate,  1721 ;  brother  of  Aaron  Hart  (1670- 
1756)  [q.  v.]  [xxv.  56] 

HABT,  PHILIP  id,  1749),  organist  and  composer; 
played  at  Britton's  with  Handel  and  Pepusch;  set 
Hughed's  'Ode  In  Praise  of  Music'  1703,  and  MUton's 
'MoruLog  Hymn,'  1729;  composed  fugues,  songs,  and 
anthems.  [xxv.  63] 

HABT,  SOLOMON  ALEXANDER  (1806-1881), 
painter ;  exhlMted  in  Suffolk  Street  his '  Elevation  of  the 
Law,'  1830:  R.A.,  1810;  professor  of  painting,  Royal 
Academy,  1854-63 ;  librarian  from  1865 ;  exhibited,  1826- 
1880 ;  his  *  Remlulsoences '  edited,  1882.  [xxv.  63] 

HABTOLXFTE,  JOHN  (1651-1712),  schoolmaster;  of 
Eton,  Edmund  Hall,  Oxford,  and  King's  College,  Cam- 
bridge ;  M.A.  King's  College,  Cambridge,  1676  :  fellow ; 
D  J).,  1689 ;  head-master  of  Merchant  Taylors'  School, 
1681-6;    canon   of    Windsor,   1691-1712;    chief    work, 

*  Treatise  of  Moral  and  Intellectual  Virtues,'  1691. 

[xxv.  64] 
HABTE.  HENRY  HICKMAN  (1790-1848),  mathe- 
matician ;  fellow  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  1819 ;  in- 
cumbent of  Cappagh,  1831-48 ;  translated  and  added  to 
La  Place's  '  Systemedu  Monde '  and  Polsson's  *  Mtomlque 
Celeste.'  [xxv.  65] 


.,  WALTER  (1709-1774),  author;  M.A.  St. 
Mary  Hall,  Oxford,  1731 ;  friend  of  Pope  and  Arthur 
Young ;  travelling  tutor  to  Chesterfield's  natural  son ; 
vloe-priuoipal  of  St.  Mary  Hall,  Oxford,  1740 :  canon  of 
Whidsor,  1750 :  published  '  History  of  the  Life  of  Gostavus 
Adolphus,'  1759,  'Essays  on  Husbandry,'  1764,  and  reli- 
gions poems.  [xxv.  65] 

HABTOILL  or  HABTGYLL,  GEORGE  (/.  16941 
author  of  *(}eneraU  Calenders,  or  Most  Eusie  Astronomi- 
call  Tables,'  1694.  [xxv.  66] 

HABTLEY,  DAVID,  the  elder  (1705-1767),  philo- 
sopher ;  educated  at  Bradford  grammar  school  and  Jesus 
College,  Cambridge ;  feUow,  1727-30 ;  M J^.,  1729 ;  phy- 
sician in  Newark,  Bury  St.  Edmunds,  and  London ; 
supporter  of  Byrom's  shorthand  and  Mrs.  Stephens's 
medicine  for  the  stone  :  friend  of  Bishops  Butler  and  War- 
burton  :  F.R.S. ;  acquaintance  of  Hales.  His*  Observations 
on  Man,'  1749  (abridged  by  Priestley,  1776),  containing  the 
doctrine  of  association,  influeuoed  Coleridge,    [xxvt  tt6J 

PPP 


BABTST 


BABTIzr,  DAVID, ttejaniRCrmil-liltXiUta- 
mui  uil  ionntor;  tm  of  Dsrlil  Birtlc;  Um  tUa 
Cn.  •.] :  B J,.  OorpiH  ObrUU  Colloic.  Difonl,  ITW :  fellow 
of  U.Tt(iBOoll«B,Oxtoidl  H.P.Hnll,  If  14-80  uid  nM-4 ; 
oppiusl  AnHriau  <ru  •ixl  aUn  tndt :  with  FnnkllD 
ilruw  op  ftbd  ilgnod  tnotj  betwtai  Qicot  BdtAln  ukd  thfl 
Uultcd  SUU6, 17M 1  pabUibgd  -LetUn  (n  tbe  Annicu 
Wir,'  lTfS->,  (aiUOQt  oC  bb  titbcr-1  •OtiHmlloai  on 
Man,'  ITSl,  1801,  am  ■  Accoout  o(  *  Mrtbod  of  Becnriug 
BuUdlog*  4Dil  8Upi  icalut  rin.'  ITU.  [»>.  S8] 


■*Whtta, 

plmred  It  Oovent  Ganlni,  lITt-IM, 
uid  '  Osnctacu ' ;  pUyBl  Imiy  maem  imcDwooa 
(■Belle'i  atntMgcin').  ClBintn  CAll  for  Lon'),  iiid 
HliaknncamD  piirta :  paLuttd  b;  UcyuoUi  u  .rmtie  Ebon, 
CutliUi,  luid  ■  Bacchuite.  [xit.  e8] 

BAKTLXT,    JAUBS  |ir4*-lT»),    IndUu    Dllccr 
pDUtionary   (am  Agaiurt  tba  Koul^o,  If78  »  repuind 

if 


SodctT  of  Antlqurie 
._lu  vorki  bj  Mludol  mi 

of  Lwira  SornDio,'  ItW. 

SAXTT,  WILLIAM  (ITSl-lBMi,  pbJiiiSu:  JLL 
inl^   College.  Dnblln,  ISM;   IfJl.,  1S«I:  -■""■ 
l*-i;  pbjilclnD  M  Diiblio  prlHn ;  pabUttii 
Tindlla  Conibiiult«>,'l8u*,uid  ■Bltutk 
uUffloiu  Fcrer  li[Memlc  In  treluid  in  ISIZ-I 

(l»(t7-l«lSX  IPiipril" 
CbulegUmi 


HARTAXD    JOHK 

■  m  Hurwnl  College  Mi _ 

"  •    " n«l  Oollqje,  CBUbrUg^ 


itit  Lwgaur.  ITSO: 
i  iqipoLntud  Ikut^tu 

— '--gedcnl  of  Sombaj  iimiy.  1T68:  dzfeatal 
uem  All  at  Oallcut,  IfK:  captund  Fnncta  leUle- 
iit  of  Uabe,  IIM :  matorfcnenl,  ITH;  upRTiior  ind 

gtitntt  for  prorLiice  of  Malabar :  eecond  In  coniniiinil 

of  Bomba;  anuj  agalut  Tippoo  Sablb,  ITSB; 


jwcoU^a  at  Camtsidfc  Kuk- 

S&KTXT,  BEAUCHAiilP   BAOBKAL  (ITH-intV 
Folltielan:  of  Trinity  Uonm,  DubUn:  IiiJi  t  -  - 

.»..  .jj-. — iiHgairfUnlteillrialinim.ll...  _, 

VtUmi  rebel!,  Uaj  ITW:  i^«l 


°^c«r:     i;8l:pnUelal 
'      iffr     polo™  to  oODUn 


ooart-martialM  anl  banged. 


in  I'olaiid,  r.  lUB  ;  Iptraduad  vr 


Ingt  of  Comenlui :  pnlMil  br 

on  bofbandrj,  lft46;  publiihcd  paaipUIcta  on  bIhclCIoo  I 
aud  buBbaiiiTry,  lodudlng  ^  DLicription  of  Ibe  faowud 
Kingdom  of  Macaria.' IMI,  and  ^^Bcoun  of  HLubajulrlo 
need  In  Brabant  and  Flandm,'  lUl.  [iit.  71] 

HAKTOa,  KUMA  BDWAKD  (ISie-IHl).  lotlor 
wrangler  and  accood  Gmltb'B  prlicnian,  laes ;  BJl.  and 
B.SC.  Loi^on.  ISM ;  KboUi  of  TrlBlljr  CoU^e.  Cum- 
btldge,  IBM;  admitted  B.A.  by  Ipecml  grace  «>  -  ' — 


KASTET,  1 

of  banH 
Oliaxlra. 

to  deatb,  UM  i  Impiinnal  bi  realaiuia  Ottii,  IM 


Tbe  Truro  C«e,' 


third 


WimunWoodii  BtiW 
u'  Call(«i,  CanMdn  UH;  am 
•.  IWU ;  ikar  of  UidJiaa,  ISK:  cw 
■Dl*,  bjnin-taMi,  iDd  nltaa:  riM 
.M7:  pubUitHd^'Hlalai;ollldl]< 


- .! 

Lordi  on  uulTenltjr  tola,  1871.  [kit.  71] 

BAKTOPP,  Sm  JOHN,  tidnl  baronet  (1U7  y-ITlt), 
noDomfonniit :  Fucceolcd  to  barnnetcy,  lUB;  MS^ 
Ldcerlenliln,  16T8-gl ;  bmrlly  lucd  for  Doucontomilty. 

londregatiou  and 


[«T.T<) 

JOHN  (/I.  leuk  nno- 
iU  FlaudcK  laiv.  Tl] 

1,    CHARLES    HBSRY   (H0I-18M), 

onmbFptotOi^boe.lBM-tU;  nctor  of  Holdrnb 
IMl;  publliLafBookllnritluof  thEUnlvtmity 
biUgi,'^  lets,  •  Ancteut  Uetrlcal  Talei,'  IBN,  aiid  i 
I<«iail  worlo.  [I  a 

KABTSTOVal,  JOUN  <I6U-1T1TX  blibop  of  Dory 
3I.A.  Trtnlty  tMk^e,  Dobllll,  IMU :  (ollo«-  of  Caliia  "- 
line.  Cambridge,  Itgl;  cliaplalo  to  drvCaud  H!nniddL_ 
of  Ormonde;  blatnp  of  <Jmmy,lt»t:  ItJJ.UiIord.  leM 
blabopof  Dory.  17 IL  [UT.  79] 

,  ABHAHAU.  tbe  elder  (/.  USB),  Lati 

icol  at  Eton  and  Klng^  Uollegc,  Gambridin 
-I;  M.A.,1M7.  t^iy.  7»I 


im  be  acmd  Id  adionut  IJiina  ITN;  pmmtitCM- 
podowu,  17)7,  aul  bombaidiooit  o(  Acre.  liW:  I» 
adDilnl.  liM7;<«iuiiiualaattlKKore,  tU7-M;a&<ai 
imviO.OJi.,  isei.  [I 

HA2VXT,  B[R  EUAB  <17U-]gH).  admlra 

Ualdon,  17»i.  Ibaei,  1S01-L9  ;  and  lBlu-<;  a 

gambler;  winininadej  the  Tan^ialr*  at  hloctadt  cO*    - 
and  at  Tinhlgat.  altBr ' — — '  "" 


HAXTST,  UALACHY. 
pller  of  Latli 
lybed);  die) 


If  Lord  0 


RoarltlM; 


KAETZT,  OABBIBL  (IMIt-lUO).  po*; J 
.lirlat'i  CottsB,  Oambridgt.  IITU;  M.A,  Ifll:  ••  » 
ll  Fembiok*  a 


HARVEY 


681 


HARWOOD 


T,  OIDBON,  the  elder  (1640  ?-1700  ?), 
Btodied  at  Oxford,  Leyden  and  Parii ;  F.O J*^ 
). ;  doctor-general  to  king's  army  in  Flanders 
istoration :  physician  to  Oharles  II,  e.  1676 ; 
allege  of  I^ysidani  in  his  *GonclaTe  of 
1683 ;  physician  to  the  Tower,  1689 ;  his 
ing  Disease  by  Bxpectatloo,'  1689,  translated 
by  George  Bmest  Stabl,  1730 ;  pabliahed  also 
H  the  Plagne,'  1666,  and  *  Vanities  of  Philo- 
•hysick.'  1699.  [xxv.  86] 

7,  GIDEON,  the  younger  (1669  ?-1764>, 
Km  of  Gideon  Harvey  the  elder  [q.  v.]  :  M  J). 
0,  Cambridge,  1698;  F.R.C.P.,  1703;  khig's 
t  the  Tower,  c  1702.  [xxv.  87] 

7  or  HSRVEY,  HENKY  {d,  1586),  master  of 
,  Cambridge :  LL.D.  Trinity  Hall,  Cambridge, 
•general  of  London  and  Canterbury ;  com- 
r  detection  of  heretical  books  at  Cambridge, 
ndary  of  Southwell,  1558,  Salisbury.  1558; 
Trinity  Hall  on  Elizabeth's  accession :  vice- 
660 :  canon  of  Ely,  1567 :  master  In  chancery, 
Bd  scholarshipe  at  Trinity  Hall.     [xxv.  87] 

7,  Sib  HENBY  (1737-1810),  admiral: 
Cape  Franf<ris  in  the  Hassar,  176S ;  in  Martin 
Lief  of  Quebec :  commanded  the  Convert  at 
78a ;  in  the  RamilUes  onder  Howe  at  action 
'94 ;  rear-admiral,  1794 ;  took  part  in  action 
1796 ;  captored  Trinidad,  1796 ;  K.B.,  1800 ; 
4.  [xxv.  88] 

7,  JOHN  (15687-149SX  aitrolQger ;  brother 
lanrqr  [q.  v.] ;  M.A.  Qneens'  College,  Cam- 
;  M  j3.  ;  physician  at  King's  Lynn ;  pnblished 
worlcB.  [xxv.  89] 

7,  JOHN  (1740-1794X  oaptaln  in  the  navy: 
itr  Henry  Harvey  [q.  v.] :  took  part  in  de- 
raltar,  1779-8S ;  mortally  woonded  as  captain 
iKwick  in  Howe's  victory,  1  Jane,  1794;  hii 
n  Westminster  Abbey*  [xxv.  90] 

7,  Sib  JOHN  (177S-1887X  admiral;  second 
Harvey  (1740-1794)  [q.  v.]  ;  flag-captain  to 
ir  Henry,  at  Lorient,  1795  ;  commanded  the 
I  onder  Calder  at  Finisterre;  rear-admiral, 
lander  in  West  Indies,  1816-19 ;  K.O.B.,  1833 ; 
M,  [xxv.  90] 

7,  MARGARET  (1768-1858X  poet ;  published 
)  Minstrel's  Daughter,'  1814,  and  'Raymond 
«3.  [xxv.  91] 

7,  RICHARD  {d,  1693  ?X  astrologer ;  brother 
!arvey  [q.  v.] :  fellow  of  Pembroke  Hall,  Cam- 
L,  1581 ;  incurred  much  ridicule  for  his  pre- 
83;  with  his  *Plaine  Peroevall,  the  Peaoe- 
igland'  (c.  1590)  (in  Martin  Marprelate  oon- 
<rovoked  Greene's  *Quippe  for  an  Upstart 
1592;  his  'Astrological  Disconi«e'  (1583) 
592)  by  Nashe,  who  also  ridiculed  ids 
1  DlsoovTse  of  the  Lamb  of  God  and  liis 
90.  [xxv.  91] 

7,  Sib  THOMAS  (1775-1841),  vice-admiral : 
rf  Sir  Henry  Harvey  [q.  v.],  under  whom  he 
V-k ;  captain,  1797 ;  took  part  in  destruc- 
kiflh  squarlron  in  Dardanelles,  1807 ;  K.C.B., 
ImiraL,  1837 ;  died  at  Bermuda  as  commander- 
Test  Indies.  [xxv.  92] 

7,  THOMAS  (1812-1884X  qnaker;  accom- 
lb  Stoige  [q.  v.]  to  West  Indies  to  inquire 
m  of  negroes,  1836 ;  to  Finland,  1856 ;  visited 
6,  and  relieved  sufferers  from  *  Gtordon '  riots ; 
nnonites  from  South  Russia  to  (3anada  ;  pub- 
gical  works.  [xxv.  92] 


7  or  KEBYX7,  WILLIAM  (<f.  1567X 
king-of-amu,  1557;  as  Norroy  paid  seven 
t  to  Germany  and  declared  war  on  France, 
fA  his  visitations  of  EngUsh  counties  printed. 

[xxv.  93] 
7,  WILLIAM  (1578-1657X  discoverer  of  dr- 
he  blood  :  educated  at  King's  School,  Ciiuter- 
uius  College,  Cambridge :  B. A.,  1597 ;  M.D. 
Cumbridge,  1602  (Oxford,  1642):  F.R.C.P., 
^n  to  St^  Bartholomew's  Hospital,   1609; 


Lumleian  lecturer  from  1616,  when  he  first  publicly 
stated  his  theory  of  oiroulation;  named  physician  ex- 
traordinary to  James  I,  1618;  published  at  Frankfort 
*Bxercitatio  AnAtomica  de  Motu  Cordis  ct  Sanguinis  in 
Animalibus,'  1628,  describing  ids  great  discovery ;  with 
Charles  I  in  Scotland,  1633;  superintended  physical 
examination  of  women  aocusiBd  of  witchcraft,  1684 ; 
attended  Lord  Arundel  in  Germany  and  Italy,  1636 ;  wiUi 
Charles  I  at  Bdgehill,  1642,  and  at  Oxford,  where  he  was 
made  warden  of  Merton  College,  1645 ;  published  at  Cam- 
bridge *  Exercitatio  AnatomicadeCirculationo  Sanguinis,* 
1649  (English  version,  1663),  in  reply  to  Riolanns ;  his  lost 
work,  'Exercitatlonesdc  Generatione  Auimallum,'  1651; 
his  statue  erected  at  Royal  College  of  Pb3-8icians  in  Lon- 
don, 1652,  for  whom  lie  )>nilt  a  library  :  his  collected  works 
(Lntiu)  edited  by  Dr.  litwvrcnce,  1766 ;  Bnglibh  edition 
(Sydenham  SocietyX  1B17.  f xxv.  94] 

HASYEY,  WILLIAM  (1796-1866X  wood-engnver 
and  designer :  pupil  of  Bewick  and  Haydon  ;  designed  for 
Charles  Knight;  illustrations  to  'Northcote's  Fables* 
(1828-33)  and  Lane's  *  ThonsHUd  and  One  Nights'  (1838- 
1840)  his  masterpieces.  [xxv.  99] 

HASYEY,  WILLDLM  HENRY  (1811-1866X  botanist ; 
discovered  Ilookeria  late  viren*  at  Killamey,  1881 ; 
colonial  treasurer  at  Cape  Town,  1836-42;  hon.  M.D. 
Dublin,  1844,  and  professor  of  botany,  1856 ;  lectured  in 
America,  1849 ;  visited  India,  Australia,  and  the  South 
Seas,  1853-6 ;  published  *  Genera  of  S.  African  Plants,* 
1838,  and  works  on  British  and  Australasian  algce. 

[xxv.  100] 

EAKVEY.  WILLIAM  WIGAN  (1810-1883X  divine; 
of  Eton  and  King's  College,  Cambridge ;  fellow  of  King's, 
1881 :  MJL.,  1886 ;  B.D„  1856 ;  the  equity  of  his  appoint- 
ment by  Mr.  Gladstone  to  rectory  of  Bwelme  shortly  after 
incorporation  as  M.A.  at  Oxford  (1871)  warmly  discussed 
in  parliament,  1872 :  published  an  edition  of  Irenteus,  1K57, 
and  theological  works.  [xxv.  100] 

HARYEY,  WILLIAM  W00DI8  (1798-1864X  author ; 
MJL.  Queens*  College,  Cambridge,  1885 ;  vicar  of  Truro, 
1839-60;  edited  Wesley's  minor  works,  and  pnblished 
'  Sketches  of  Hayti,'  1827,  with  other  writings. 

ixxv.  81] 
_  „     ivhae  and 

author;  MA.  Christ's  College,  Cambridge,  1578;  rector 
of  Warrington,  1579-81 ;  vicar  of  Bansteed,  1604 ;  pnb- 
lished misceUaneons  works.  [xxv.  101] 

HABWOOD,  Sir  BUSICK  (1745  7-1814X  professor  of 
anatomy  at  Cambridge ;  after  having  practiaiBd  as  a  sur- 
geon in  India  graduated  at  Christ's  College,  Cambridge ; 
MJB.,  1786;  M.D.,  1790;  F.SJL.,  1783;  F.R.S.,  1784; 
knighted,  1806  ;  professor  of  anatomy  (1785)  and  Down- 
ing professor  of  medicine  (1800)  at  Cambridge ;  celebrated 
for  his  experiments  on  transfusion  of  blood,  [xxv.  101] 

HABWOOD,  Sm  EDWARD  (1586  7-1682X  colonel; 
killed  at  Maestricht ;  'Advice  of  Sir  Edward  Harwood* 
issued  with  life  by  Hugh  Peters,  1642.  [xxv.  102] 

HABWOOD,  EDWARD  (1729-1794X  scholar  and 
biblical  critic ;  educated  at  Blackburn  grammar  school ; 

Jresbyterian  minister  at  Bristol,  1765 ;  D.D.  Edinburgh, 
768,  for  'Introduction  to  New  Testament  Studies.'  His 
works  Include  'Liberal  Translation  of  New  Testament, 
with  select  Notes,'  1768,  a  reconstructed  text  of  the  Greek 
Testament,  1776,  editions  ot  Tibnllus,  Propertlus,  and 
Catullus,  1774,  *  Biograpbia  Classica '  (2nd  ed.,  1778X  and 
theological  and  devotional  writings.  [xxv.  102] 

HABWOOD,  EDWARD  {d.  1814X  numismatist :  son 
of  Edward  Harwood  (1729-1794)  [q.  v.];  published 
*  Populorum  et  Urbium  selecta  nnmlsmata  GrsBca  ex  aere 
descripta,*  1812.  [xxv.  104] 

HABWOOD,  ISABELLA  (1840  ?-1888X  novelist  and 
dramatist ;  daughter  of  Philip  Harwood  [q.  v.]  :  published 
successful  novels,  1864-70,  and,  as  '  Ross  Neil,'  dramas, 
including  *  Inez'  (1871)  and '  Pandora  '  (1888X 

[xxv.  104] 

HABWOOD,  PHILIP (1809-1887X  journalist;  in  early 
life  an  qn^t^rfftn  mlnist^;  when  assistant  to  William 
Johnson  Fox  [q.  v.]  introduced  to  John  Forster ;  sub- 
editor saccesslvely  of  the  'Examiner,'  'Spectator,* 
'Morning  Chronicle,'  1849-64,  and  'Saturday  Review* 
1865-68 :  editor  of  '  Satunlay  Review,'  1868-83 :  publUhed 
♦Materialism  in  Religion,'  1840,  'German  Anti-Super- 
uatunOism,'  1841,  and  other  works.  [xxv.  104] 


HABWOOD 


HASTINOe 


tiaia]  "orl 


luiit]'.'  17118.  uid  1111111111  Korlu. 

BASLEJi,  JOHN  (lSOe-l§Sl), 
bnluter  ;  fruhlNteJ  ac  the  Audem;, 
'The  U)d  ttorbv  CbiUA  FUltorv  '  187^ 


gIM-lM4),     mellcol     uritcr 
ixpltal;  hau.  M.D.  Aberdrm 

ImlUir  Korlu.  [xiv.  IU7] 


J.  lesi).    [g«  Ebiii^ 


.      KDWAKD    (/.    lOM), 

myillBi ;  nuppmed  author  ot  dijiq'  of  defean  ol  Lstbor 
Hoiwe,  IM4  iDii.per'«  'Koase  ol  SUuley'J; 


AMtam    [q.  v.)    M  MiMirW,°IC 
m«  Cmaiwell.  IMC ;   fcjiiGrrj 

as  (jl.  1QC7},  mjsllBt:  brotlio 
FduHril  HuKintl  or  BdImU  [q.  v.] :  linprlHuol  In  Tc 
lor  plot  U>  mutdsr  Oromwdl  luss-flo ;  corrospoiiiled  i 
Aplira  Belin  [q.  v.l ;  laptalu  of  foot  Hi  Port 

HusJ,  nnnisTiAN   phgdbriok 

iiKik  (MonTfim  nMUemmt  iienr  Lwdul :  sr 
eomplled '  Sacrol  Moaic' 

BA8SXLL,  BDWARD  (>r.  lBt>>,  wittr-cOt 
son  of  jDba  Eu«dl  [i|,  r.];  wcrstAry  la 
BtltlBh  ArtliU ;  BdilbiU)]  at  iUynI  Aad«nf 


(XXLlUBJ 

(17JI-1M31), 
mU  nC  Ful- 

itgomeij),  IMII ; 
[stv.  100] 


.1101 

.  JOBK  (d.    IBItJ,  walFr-nrioDr  palutfl 
'd¥a- ;  f rlmd  uid  blo^rspber  of  fining  Uorluid 

riliiliol   'SpGDiilum.   or  Art  of  Dratviug  Uj 
n,'    IdW,  'Art  ot   toultiplirlug    Drawing 
■Uk  on  ctt^blug  IpottbnDWQi  .ItUX  ind  othn 


,    WAHNBR  (/.    IMO-ITIO),    portnlt- 
palDter  of  ILc  Kkool  of  Kncller.  [iiv.  llu] 

HABTO),  BDWAHD  (im-IBllX  hlitorUu  of  Kent ; 


ti&l  for  forty  youv  m  nmpLlatlou  of 
HABTtE,  JAMK  (17M-183B),  i 


PIS-ea  ;   Slid   «L 


ID  ot  Hmr)'  BaUiBfi.  fa4 
jd  In  BmUaul,  U»i^ll«i 
I ;  vkgned  '  letter  at  rvaofr 


HASTINGS,    9iH  BDWARD  (i: 

f  tlie  Bii«tiupt  barony ;  dnceoduil 
(eoqd  borqu  HasUogi  [q.  i.l,  throoi 
■be  right  to  Ottx  the  Uaaiir  ana  wu  i 
;eglii>M  Gny,  Iblid  baron  Qivj  of  RDtbli 
BdiWlB  tavoorofGtty.HlO.  TlithiroBjr 


of  John  BiMtiA 

rh  hl4  Beisnd  vtk 

mloUlta 

[t- '■].«» 


In^,  flnt  arl  of  Har 

Mnry;  oppwed  Horj'i 
Olbitou  agAlnat  Fruic 


BSWAHD,  Bnt  BAxnit  HAimni 
d.  lS7a).  thlnl  aon  ol  GoneBM^ 
ODtlDgdon  EO-  T'l-  knighted,  IMI; 


.]  ud  Slstaop  TL 

qoen-B  College,  Oxti 
uHl  Id  IilE  of  M ID 


ov  BLIZABETH  flMS-lJJJMilia. 
lutyi    eLilogiflrd     -    -  -    -■     ■-  -■■- 


[«T.1«I 

SASTiiroa,  ladt  fuiba  buzadbth  iin- 

IBSB),  lidy  of  the  bcdclumbet  to  Dnchw  ol  iat: 

diORhler  ot  Crandi  Riwdon  HuUdee,  flm ' 

HMCings  [^Nl: ■ 


„..  „.J)  Iq.  1.1,  11 

North umberlBMl  at  dunbrt^Ei  1»1.  - -- 

lotd-lleulenut  of   Ldoertniblra  umtsl  UtoTJ  On 
duke  of  Buflolk  (q.  y.],  1U4.  [in.  1U| 

BABtnOB.  Sm  FRANCIS  (d.  lalO),  porllu  n«» 
din  ;  Bltb aou of  Frandi BuUusi,  •ecmdinil itf  B^ 
lugdou  [q.  T.];  iherlff  of  I^oMenbln.  U7I  ariUU: 
ILP.,  LaloeitenbirB  ls71.1ut,  Inl.Somenet,  IHftlMt: 
knigbud,  (.  INH ;  dial  IwfiiR  prln  goobcU  lot  pnnM- 
big  peUtlon  iD  lnTonr  of  Dtnoantarmliti,  IMS ;  laot 
■nU-catbdlo  pimphleU.  [nr.  Ill] 

HASTDIOS,  FRANOISIUWIKlN'.llntMiMniK 
— --'  '  "  -     -  'TontA  iirH-UM).!* 


:  WHdu 

intlnutc  wlUi  Prim  of  \Aih:  a 

mi  cium  on  regeiur  gnntinn.  17S9 ;  ■wiuuJ  i 

DADwof  H*BUDn.l*au;  ncoHdHliuIrtiliBitlDtllcn 
17S8:  oonunuidid  Bipi— ■-  ■    "- 


TTAHTTWrflft 


ind  bj  detfE title  Jlnbuttu 


1):  hli  aUCoc,  bj  OhaDtrey,  Is  nC  Dulhoiixle 
Jcotto.  HX..117] 

BS,  FBASK  ABNBT  (17H-ia28|i  mval 
In  Grtek  WAT  ol  IndneiidniH ;  Eouirht  at 
Wa:  dtemlsaed  BHUib  d>vt  [or  Knilln)i  n 
Din«d  GnekB,  IStS ;  nlHd  nnj  men  nnd  r»ur- 


K  HAn-isuH  ov  Hiff 


n  RiBilngi, 


SnlAbl^i'iipcdlUan  s^iuit  Fi 

f!I'""m"" 

[t  |1SU-I«76),  Tim- 


SB.  OZOROIS  F 

iBdumofHiuurr „  ,_ 

» [q.  T.] ;  iHmd  In  ttie  H.r!«iHii 


luulal  In  Pad  Be,  IMB-S, 


outb  ItnuK,  ISUl 
[sir.  IH] 


«Bly:  . 


rai. 


;hY,  ttalnl  Bari,  or 
•CB  o(  Prmd.   HmHem,  » 


T.  1M] 


.  [q...]:  I 


Willi  «r1   of 

ii«ng^ii»aii ;  monBiea  to  EmrnDOi,  JfiOl :  belr- 
;  to  cKrao  tbnii«b  motbei :  supporln  or 
HocUtid  nitb  SbnwilmrT  in  ciutaj;  ol  Miry 

71 ;  DR^ilcDl  of  tlw  nonb.  1S71 :  asilitaL  it 
iolk.  l»;i ;  K.O,.  1179 :  nliel  force  io  norlli, 
V  wfAlDit  tbreitn»J  Spinli'b  InnulPn.  IAB8; 
of  EmmiiniKl  OiUccc,  Csmbrlilm :  compiled 
irj-.  [«KT.  laei 

(IIS,HB!rRT(lUl-li 


l«,lingf,  t 


u  [u.  v.- 
y  Cait!,  Unl  call  of  Hbtl 
x  LouoiiBDnoi 


villiti  HKHid  Knol  Henry  Qutlng: 
Jon:  mbtiuHl  eaDnnandal  troapol  Horn 
4* :  bckl  Aihby  Houh  igalml  ivrltsmnit 
I  ■  ftob-cuTter '  tor  freqiMnt  liiUrcrptloa 


jinrrlHl  lubellB  St  T, 


11«H:  cluiDiRl  (IMU)  B 
HuiUlugdoD :'  »nrf  Id  l' 
■li«»  o(  Curlhyr'wck^U 


HABTmai.  JUH»,  t 
WSk  wnBlin!^:Mtl<li,v 

cull  worth,  1123. 


raptured  by  fipinlib  fleet  st  La  Rocliellclllf;  impitBiwd 
tbiH  yeari  In  Spsbi :  AkA  In  Fnoce,  luvlng  beeiLkwidHl 
over  to  DagiieKlln.  [ii?.  HI] 

HABTIKGB,  tAnREKOE.  Bret  Earl  or  Pkhhrok* 
(1916  ?-l»e>,wnrrior:  nil  ot  Jabu  HMUn^  cbiidtarDii 


eucb  fleet  o 

BABTIHOB,  8ELINA,  Cousttoi  or  Hdsti! 
(17lh7'l7fll),  founder  o(  '  I^y  HuntbigilDD'>  Oodiw: 

■■'-  -'  ■" '■"-  Rutin ((».  Dinth  htI  of  Hunlln 

ilitcr-ln-lHW,  L«dy  Humret  Hu 


kite  of  TbcophlliB 
-d-byhen 

wltli  Uie 

I  Fetter  Lwie,  17 


TunbridKE,  und  otber  e: 
1  retflilered  ai  dlflwntlii 
ber  Inlabi^  roller  at  T 


*>  tfltb  Toplidj, 
vbei  In  Londoo, 


iter und Derby. l(BT-S;  Imprtonefl 
Eljmouih  lor  Juna  IT,  1688:  ■ 
wilb ComnjoDs,  16^:  Imprboned 


dl^r:  kuaunu'Dr-Qieen':  i 
BABTIBOB.     THOMAS    ( 


or  ol  pollllcal  pampb- 
[.»v,  I3fl] 


HABTDtaB,  WAMIBN  (17  33-1  Bin).  govenwr-KcniMl 

(o  India,'  ITH ;  when  member  o(  council  it  kddinlDuit 
Imprlnnid  by  nuwib  of  Beniial,  17HI  «■  ruldcul  of 
Moonbedatail.irnT-sa.«>nnp<Bide-lviltU011re;  memlier 
of  Cnlc^iitta  oounril.  17B1 :  dcepntvlnl  on  mlirion  toPatni, 
17BS:  returned  to  Eu|il>iid,17S4:  Rate  eridence  an  ladlao 
■fl'afn  before  parlienienlHry  commlMee,  ITBB;  ifntoutai 
KTODd  In  niincil  nt  Mcdnwu  1710 :  nuveniin  of  Beiigil, 


HASTINGS 


584 


HATTON 


ailianoe  of  1764,  nawab  of  Cade  against  the  RohiUas,  1773 : 
took  measares  against  dacoity ;  croatcd  governor-general 
by  the  Regulating  Act,  1773 :  opposed  by  a  majority  of 
his  new  conncil  and  accused  by  Nand  Kumar  (Macaulay's 
Nanoomar)  of  corruption;  sent  home  a  conditional  re> 
signation  and  brought  a  countercharge  of  conspiracy 
against  Nand  Kumar,  who  was  condemned  and  banged 
for  forgery  (1776)  on  a  private  suit  before  the  case 
came  on ;  had  the  opium  trade  farmed  for  a  term  of  years, 
the  proceeds  being  credited  in  the  public  accounts ;  sup- 
ported by  supreme  court,  which  ignored  the  acoeptauce 
of  his  resignation  by  the  directors,  1777;  checked  con- 
federacy between  Mahrattas  and  Haidar;  freed  himself 
from  the  opposition  in  conncil  of  Sir  Philip  Francis  (1740- 
1818)  [q.  v.]  by  wounding  him  in  a  duel,  1780 ;  drove 
Haidar  Ali  from  the  Oamatic ;  attacked  the  French  settle- 
ments ;  deposed  Ghait  Singh  and  appropriated  (1781)  his 
treasure;  snspected  of  conniving  at  imprisonment  of  the 
Bourns  of  Oude  and  the  seizure  of  their  land  and  mon^y ; 
concluded  treaty  of  Salbai  with  Tippu  Sultan,  1783 ;  ob- 
tained reversal  of  vote  of  censure  by  directors  on  his  treat- 
ment of  Ohait  Singh  ;  founded  Asiatic  Society  of  Bengal 
and  Calcutta  Madrisa,  1784 ;  left  India,  1785.  His  im- 
peachment on  ground  of  corruption  and  cruelty  in  his 
Indian  odministration,  begun,  1788,  and  concluded,  1796, 
resulted,  after  a  trial  of  146  days,  in  an  acquittal,  but  cost 
him  70,000/.  The  company  gave  him  pecuniary  osstistance ; 
be  was  created  privy  councillor  and  D.O.L.  of  Oxford,  was 
presented  by  the  prince  regent  to  the  allied  sovereigns  in 
London,  and  was  enabled  to  repurchase  the  family  estate 
of  Daylesford.  [xxv.  186] 

HABTZNGHS.  WILLIAM,  Barok  Hastings  (1430  ?< 
1483),  sheriff  of  Leicestershire  and  Warwickshire;  a  de- 
voted Yorkist :  created  by  Edward  IV  a  peer,  1461 ; 
master  of  the  mint,  1461 :  lieutenant  of  Calais.  1471 ; 
lord  charat)erlain,  1461-83 :  joint-ambaasador  with  War- 
wick to  Charles  the  Bold,  1466-6 ;  assisted  Edward  IY*8 
escape  to  Holland,  1470 ;  acted  for  him  in  his  absence  and 
gained  over  Clarence;  prominent  at  Bamet,  1471,  and 
Tewkesbury,  1471 ;  commanded  Bnglish  force  in  France, 
1476  ;  on  aooession  of  Edward  V  oppowd  Rivers,  and,  declin- 
ing Qloucester's  overtures,  was  beheaded.       [xxv.  148] 

HATCH,  EDWIN  (1836-1889X  theologUn ;  B.A.  Pem- 
broke College,  Oxford,  1867;  professor  of  classics  at 
Toronto,  1859-6S ;  rector  of  high  school,  Quebec,  1863- 
1867;  vice-principal  of  St.  Mary  Hall,  Oxfonl,  1867- 
1886;  first  editor  of  university  'Gazette,'  1870:  pub- 
Used  Bampton  lectures  (1880)  on  *  Organisation  of  Early 
Christian  Churches,*  1881 ;  D.D.  Edinburgh,  1883 :  Grin- 
field  lecturer,  1888-4;  reader  in  eoclesiastical  history, 
1884;  Herbert  lecturer  on  *  Greek  Influence  on  Chris- 
tianity,' 1888 ;  published  also  *  Growth  of  Church  Institu- 
tions,' 1887,  *  Essays  in  Biblical  Greek,*  1889,  and  *  Towards 
Fields  of  Light.*  [xxv.  149] 

HATGHAHD,  JOHN  (1769-1849),  publisher:   issued 

*  Christian  Observer,*  180S-46,  and  publications  of  Society 
for  Bettering  the  Condition  of  the  Poor.         [xxv.  160] 

HATOHARD,  THOMAS  GOODWIN  (1817-1870X 
bishop  of  Mauritius :  grandson  of  John  Hatehard  [q.  v.]  ; 
M.A.  Brasenose  College,  Oxford,  1846  ;  D.D.,  1869 ;  rector 
of  Havant,  1846-66,  of  St.  Nicholas,  Guildford,  1866-69 ; 
bishop  of  Mauritius,  1869-70 ;  died  of  fever  in  Mauritius. 

[xxv.  160] 

HATCIHEE,  HENRY  (1777-1846X  Salisbury  anti- 
quary: published  translation,  with  commentary,  of 
Richard  of  Cirencester's  *  Dencription  of  Britain,*  1809, 
and  *  Historical  Account  of  Old  and  New  Sarum,'  1834 ; 
contributed  to  Hoare's  '  Modem  Wiltshire '  and  Britton's 

*  Beauties  of  Wiltshire,*  1836,  and  '  Picturesque  Antiqui- 
ties,' 1830.  [xxv.  160] 

HATOHS&,  THOMAS  (d.  1683X  antiquary ;  of  Eton 
and  King's  College,  Cambridge ;  M.A.,  1668  ;  admitted  at 
Oray's  Inn,  1666  ;  friend  and  correspondent  of  Stow  and 
Dr.  John  Cains  [q.  v.];  began  catalogue  of  King's 
College,  (^mbridge,  and  edited  Hoddon's  *  Lucut)ratione8,* 
1667,  and  Carr's  *De  soriptorum  Britannicorum  pauci- 
tate,*  1676.  [xxv.  161] 

HATOHSB,  THOMAS  (1689  ?-1677X  parlUmentarian 
captain ;  grandson  of  Thomas  Hatehcr  (<f.  1683)  [q.  v.]  ; 
M.P.,  Lincoln,  Grantham,  Stamford  (in  Long  parliament), 
and  Lincolnshire,  1664-9;  oommisBioner  to  Scotland, 
1643 ;  present  at  Marston  Moor,  1644,  and  siege  of  York, 
^644.  [xxT.  183} 


HATOHSTT,  CHARLES  a76i?-1847),  chemM: 
F.R.S.,  1797 :  treasurer  of  the  Literary  Club,  1814;  chM 
works,  treatise  on  *  Spikenard  of  tbe  Ancients,'  1836.  nd 
*  Analysis  of  tbe  Magnetioal  Fyritcb,'  1804.     [xxv.  161] 

HATCLZFFB,  VINCENT  (1601-1671).  [8eeSn7<3l, 
John*.] 

HATFEBLD,  JOHN  (1768 ?-180S),  forger:  imnM 
and  deserted  a  natural  daughter  of  Lord  Robert  Manan : 
twice  released  from  a  debtor's  priscm  by  Doke  of  Rntkid; 
imprisoned  seven  years  at  Scarborough,  from  179S;  n- 
leased  and  married  by  Mils  Nation,  1800  :  doected  bv 
and  lived  in  Cumberland  as  brother  of  Loid  HopeUm: 
married  Maty  Robinson,  the  *  Bottermere  Beanty,*  IW: 
tried  at  Carlisle  for  forgery  and  banged.        [xxv.  163] 

HATFIELD,  MARTHA  (/.  1668X  cataleptie;  bs 
case  described  in  *  The  Wise  Virgin,'  1663.      [xxv.  W] 

HATFIELD,  THOMAS  of  (d.  1S81X  bbbop  of  Hn- 
bam;  keeper  of  the  privy  seal,  134S;  aoooinptaM 
Edward  III  to  France,  1346  and  13M  ;  biahop  of  Dnztn. 
1346-81 ;  commissioner  to  treat  for  peace  with  SooUmI, 
1860-7  and  subsequently ;  resisted  visitattoos  of  weih 
bishops  of  York:  at  Durham  built  part  of  sooth sidrcf 
cathedral  choir  and  ball  of  castle;  fbonded  Omaditi 
house  of  Northallerton  and  college  at  Ozfocd  for  I)e^ 
ham  monks  ;  his  survey  of  Durham  edited  by  W.  Orem* 
well,  1867.  [rxv.  164] 

HATHAWAY,  RICHARD  (/.  1709),  impoetor;  M- 
tenced  to  fine,  pillory,  and  bard  labour  for  lmpo3.JM;  itt, 
and  assault,  1708.  [zzv.  151] 

HATHEBLST,  Babon  (1801-1881).  [See  Wood, 
William  Page.] 

HATHERTOK,  first  Babon  (1791-1863).  [S« 
LiTTLBTON,  Edward  John.] 


HATHWAT,  RICHARD  (Jt.  1608),  dramatist : 
tinned  by  Meres  (1698)  among  best  oontemponuy  writo 
of  comedy ;  part  author  of  *  First  Part  of  the  Trae  wd 
Honorable  Historic  of  the  Life  of  Sir  John  Old-cMk; 
1699,  and  of  nnprinted  plays.  [xxv.  ItJ] 

HATSSLL,  Sib  HENRY  (1641-1714),  lodge;  U, 
Exeter  CoUege,  Oxford,  1669 ;  barrister,  BOddle  Tnpki 
1667  ;  serjeant-at-law,  1689 ;  knighted,  1697 ;  bans  4 
the  exchequer,  1697-1708  (removed).  [xxv.  uq 

HAT8ELL,  JOHN  (1748-1880),  olerk  of  BboM  if 
Commons ;  of  Queens*  College,  Cambridge,  and  MWk 
Temple ;  senior  bencher ;  clerk  of  Hooae  of  OmamL 
1768-97  ;  published  *  A  Collection  of  Cases  of  Privikftsf 
Parliament ...  to  1638,'  1776,  and  *Preoedenti  of  PrQOMi> 
ings  in  House  of  Commons,*  1781.  [xxv.  IM] 

HATTECJLTFFE,  WILLIAM  (tf.  1480),  phjrida 
and  secretary  to  Edward  IV ;  original  scholar  of  Klag^ 
College,  C!ambridge,  1440 ;  physician  to  Heniy  VI,  14M: 
captured  by  Lancastrians,  1470;  afterwards  msilacf 
requeste  and  royal  councillor.  [xxv.  UQ 


HATTE(JLY7FE,     WILLIAM    (J,    1600)^ 
treacturcr  of  Ireland,  1496.  [zzv.  IM] 

HATTOK.    [See  also  Finch-Hattox.] 

HATTON.  SiB  CHRISTOPHER  (li40-1691).  M 
obancellor :  gentleman-commoner,  St.  Miaiy  Hall,  OiM, 
e.  1666 ;  took  part  in  masque  at  Inner  Tenqde,  lid: 
became  one  of  Elisabeth's  gentlemen-pensiooen,  1M4 ; » 
oeived  grant  of  estates,  court  offices,  and  an  annaitr :  )LF, 
Higham  Ferrers,  1671,  Northamptonshire,  1678,  USiaei 
subsequently :  captain  of  the  body-gnaid,  1678 ;  daxgd 
with  being  Elisabeth's  paramour  by  Maiy  QoBenofSoal^ 
1684  ;  the  bishop  of  Ely  ordered  to  snnender  feenriaiiB 
of  Ely  PUce,  Holbom,  for  his  benefit;  made  viee-dii» 
berlain  and  knighted,  1678 ;  the  qneen*s  moat^pisei  ii 
pariiament;  opposed  the  queen's  mateh  with  thrdakiif 
Anjou,  1681 :  member  of  committees  for  trials  of  BtUaf 
ton,  1686,  and  Mary  Queen  of  Soots,  1686 ;  raoks  ttioafi 
in  parliament  against  Mary,  and  advfaiea  Darisoa  H 
despateh  warrant  for  her  execution,  1587 ;  kxd  dst* 
oeUor,  1687-91 ;  assisted  by  Sir  Riohatd  Swale,  ani  id 
four  masters  in  chancery  as  assessors :  K.G.,  1668:  ctes- 
cellor  of  Oxford,  1688  ;  friend  and  patron  of  Spenser  sri 
Churchyard:  wrote  act  iv.  of  'Tanered  Kui  GfsBmii' 
acted  at  Inner  Temple,  1668;  buried  in  8t  RurkflBtt^ 
dnU ;  his  oonrespoiidenoe  printed,  1847.         [xxr.  Ifl] 


HATTON 


685 


HAVBIiOOB: 


r,  CHRISTOPHER,  first  Babok  Hattox 
\  royalist:  relative  of  Sir  Obristopber 
.] ;  K.B.,  1626  ;  MJ>.,  Higham  Ferrers,  1640; 

Oxford,  1643;  created  Baron  Hatton  and  i 
llor,  1643 :  comptroller  of  Oharles  I*s  hoose- 

;    roj^  oommiasiouer  at  Uxbridge,  1645; 
aria,  1648 ;  allowed  to  retam,  1666 ;  privy  , 
Dd  governor  of  Ouemsey,  1662;   pnblished 

prayers,  1644.  [xxv.  162] 

r,  CHRISTOPHER,  first  Viscount  Hattox 
governor  of  Onerufiey ;  ekler  f>on  of  Cbrlflto- 
Mron  Hatton  [q.  v.] ;  fiaoceeded  aa  racoud 
bis  motb^and  first  wife  killed  by  explosion 
agasineinOaemsey,  1672 ;  presented  to  Bod- 
•Sax<m  Homilies,  1676 ;  created  Vi^tconnt 
i :  cttstos  rotaloramof  Northampton,  1681-9  ; 
Oxford,  1683 ;  selection  from  correspondence 

[xxv.  163] 

r,  EDWARD  (1701-1783),  Dominican ;  pro- 
and  1770;  his  *  Memoirs  of  the  Reformation 

*  appeared  with  psendonym  *  Confltautins 
<  1826  and  1841.  [xxv.  164] 

f ,  FRANK  (1881-1888).  mineral  explorer  to 
tb  Borneo  Company,  I88I-3 ;  accidentally 
^le ;  left  interesting  letters  and  diaries. 

[xxv.  164] 
f,  JOHN  LIPTROT  (1809-1886),  musical 
organist  in  three  Lancashire  charches  nt 
rvnirds  at  St.  Nicholas,  Chapel  Street,  Liver- 
red  in  London  as  an  actor,  1832 ;  directed 
tfies  at  Drury  Lane,  1842-3:  produced  his 
ie Thames,*  1843;  his* Pascal  Brono'  given 
for  Staadigl's  benefit,  1844 ;  on  retom  pab- 
and  eighteen  songs,  indoding  *  To  Anthea  * ; 
lyed  on  toor  and  in  America,  1848-60 :  con- 
lee  and  madrigal  Union,  c  1860:  conductor 
Kean  at  Princess's  Theatre,  London,  1853-9 ; 
Robin  Hood '  prodaoed  at  Bradford,  1856 ;  his 

*  at  Covent  Garden,  1864,  and  his  oratorio 
at  Crystal  Palace,  1877 ;  edited  collections  of 
nogs ;  composed  aiOO  songs  and  excellent  part- 

[XXV.  166] 

TOV,  Sir  ORAYBS  CHAMPNEY  (1788- 
alist ;  served  in  Indian  army  and  studied  at 
I  Fort  William:  professor  of  Sanskrit  and 
Haileybory,  1819-27;  hon.  H.A.  Oxford, 
^  1821 ;  foreign  member  of  Paris  Asiatic 
Institote  of  France ;  hon.  secretary  of  Royal 
iety,  1831-2;  K.H.,  1833;  issued  Bengali 
losaariea,  and  texts,  an  edition  of  '  Institutes 
326,  BengaU-Sanskrit  dictionary,  1833,  *  Pro- 
19,  and  other  metaphysical  treatises:  died  of 
L  Cloud.  [xxv.  166] 

TON,  JAMES  (1796-1878),  philanthropist; 
apporter  of  Father  Mathew  and  O'Connell ; 
a  anti-slavoy,  temperance,  and  other  social 
:  president  of  Vegetarian  Society ;  pnblished 
moral,'  1847.  '  Memoir  of  T.  CUirkson,*  1847, 
n-  TeeCotalism,*  1865.  [xxv.  168] 

TON,  JOHN  COLPOYS  (1817-1887),  lieu- 
ral :  nephew  of  Sir  Graves  (3hampney  Haugh- 
as  adjutant  of  4th  Ghoorkas  distinguished 
defence  of  Char-ee-kar,  1841,  publishing  an 
(7  ;  escaped  wounded  to  Ottbal ;  commissioner 
bar,  1866-73  ;  0.8.1^  1866  ;  lieutenant-general, 

[xxv.  168] 

TON,  MOSES,  the  elder  (1734-1804),  stiU  life 
painter;  exhibited  at  Academy,  1788-1804. 

[xxv.  169] 
TON,   MOSES,  the  younger  (1772  ?-1848  ?X 
and  engraver ;   nephew  of  Moses  Haugbton 
q.  v.] :  friend  of  Fusel! ;  exhibited  at  Royal 
M8-4&  [xxv.  170] 

TOV,  SAMUEL  (1821-1897X  man  of  science ; 
•  HaoghtOD  [q.  v.] ;  B.A.  and  feDow,  Trinity 
bUn,  1844 ;  MJL.,  1862 ;  senior  feUow,  1881 ; 
iest,  1847  ;  professor  of  geology,  Dublin  Uni- 
1-81 :  MJ).  Dublin,  1862 ;  registrar  of  medical 
leqaenUy  chairman  of  medical  school  com- 
university  representative  on  general  medical 
nnber  of  ooaacil  of  Royal  Zoological  Society 


of  Ireland,  1860  (president,  1883):  F.R.S,  1B58:  honorary 
D.C.L.  Oxford,  1868 ;  LL.D.  Cambridge,  1881 ;  honorary 
LL.D.  Edinburgh,  1884;  president  of  Royal  Irish 
Academy,  1887 ;  published  scientific  works  and  papers. 

[Suppl.  ii.  398] 

HAUGHTOK,  WILUAM  (/.  1698X  dramatist; 
author  of  English-Men  for  my  Money,*  1616 :  collabo- 
rator with  DeUcer,  Chettle,  John  Day,  and  others. 

[xxv.  170] 

HAUXBBSB,  FRANCIS,  the  elder  {d.  1713?),  elec- 
triclan  ;  F.R.S..  1706:  contrived  first  electrical  machine, 
1706 :  published*  Physico- Mechanical  Experimentis'  1709 ; 
suggesttid  an  improved  air-pump ;  determined  relative 
weight  of  water  and  air.  [xxv.  171] 

HATTX8BZS,  FRANCIS,  the  younger  (1G87-1763X 
writer  on  science :  perhaps  son  of  Francis  Hauksbee  tlie 
elder  [q.  v.] ;  clerk  and  housekeeper  to  Royal  Society, 
1723  :  published  (^ith  P.  Shaw)  *  Essay  for  introduchig  a 
Portable  Laboratory,*  1731,  and  syllabus  for  courses  of 
experimental  lectures  (which  he  was  the  first  to  give,  e. 
1714),  also  *  Course  of  Mechnuical,  Optical,  and  Pueumuti- 
cal  Experiments*  (with  W.  Whistou).  [xxv.  171] 

HAU8TXD,  PETER  (d.  1646X  dramatist:  rector  of 
Hadham,  vicar  of  Gretton :  D.D.  Oxford,  1642 :  died  at 
Banbury  Castle  during  the  siege :  publisheil,  among  othra 
works,  *The  Rival  Friends*  (comedy),  1632,  and  'Senile 
Oilium*  (Latin  pkyX  1633:  his  *Hymnus  Tabaci,*  by 
*  Raphael  Thorius,'  appeared  1660.  [xxv.  171] 

HAUTEVILLE,  JOHN  dr  (A  1184),  LaUn  poet ;  his 
satire  *  Architrenius  *  first  printed  at  Paris,  1517. 

[xxv.  172] 

HAYARD,  WILUAM  (1710  7-1778),  actor  and 
dramatist:  appeared  at  Goodman*?  Fields,  1730-7:  at 
Drury  Lane  till  retirement,  1769,  playing  generally 
secoiulary  parts:  depreciated  in  'Rosciad';  appeared 
also  in  his  own  plays,  *  King  Charles  I,*  at  Lincoln's  Inn 
Fields,  1737, '  Regulus,*  Drury  Lane,  1744,  and  *  The  Elope- 
ment,* Drury  Lane,  1763.  [xxv.  172] 

HAVELL,  ROBERT,  the  elder  (A  1800-1840X  engraver 
and  art  publisher ;  issued  aquatint  engravings  from  draw- 
ings by  W.  Ha  veil  and  others,  1812-28 ;  published 
Audubon's*  Birds  of  America,*  Salt's  'Views  in  Africa,' 
and  other  works.  [xxv.  173] 

HAVSLL,  ROBERT,  the  younger  (/I.  1820-1 860X 
painter ;  son  of  Robert  Ha  veil  the  elder  [q.  v.] :  settled 
in  America  as  landscape-painter.  [xxv.  174] 

HAYELL,  W*ILLIAM  (1782-1857),  landscape-painter ; 
original  member  of  Old  Water-Colour  Society;  visited 
China  and  India,  1816-26;  after  his  return  painted  in 
oil,  exhibiting  (Italian  subjects)  at  Royal  Academy, 
British  Institution,  and  Suffolk  Street;  died  a  Turner 
pensioner.  [xxv.  174] 

HAYSLOGK,  Sm  HENRY,  first  baronet  (1796-1867X 
ma jor  general ;  intimate  at  Charterhouse  with  Julius 
Hare  [q.  v.] ;  studied  at  Middle  Temple  under  Joseph 
Chltty  [q.  v.] ;  entered  army,  1815 :  went  to  India  as 
subaltern  in  13th,  1823  :  deputy  assistant  adjutant-general 
in  Burmese  expedition,  1824-6,  publishing  narrative, 
1828:  while  stationed  at  Chinsundi  became  a  baptist; 
regimental  adjutant,  1835-8;  aide-de-camp  to  Sir  Wil- 
loughby  Cotton  [q.  v.]  in  first  Afghan  campaign,  1839,  of 
which  he  published  an  account ;  Persian  interpreter  to 
General  William  G.  K.  Elphinstone  [q.  v.]  in  Afghanistan, 
1840 ;  accompanied  Sir  R.  Sale  to  the  passes,  and  assisted 
him  in  holding  JeUalabad,  1841 ;  returned  with  Pollock 
to  Cabul,  and  accompanied  Hindoo  Khoosh  and  Kohistan 
expedition :  C.B.  and  brevet-major,  1842 :  interpreter  to 
Sir  Hugh  Gough  in  Qwalior  campaign,  1843:  pnwent  at 
Mudki,  1845,  Ferozcshah,  1845,  and  Sobraon,  1846 :  deputy 
adjutant-general,  Bombay,  1847:  visited  England  for  last 
time,  1849-51 :  planned  the  operations  at  Mohumra  in 
Persian  war  of  1857 :  during  the  Indian  mutiny  com- 
manded a  column  which  recaptured  Cawnpore,  after 
winning  four  victories  and  marching  120  miles  in  nine 
days,  17  July  1857 ;  major-general,  1857  :  defeated  the 
sepoys  at  Onao  and  thrice  at  Bussoerutgunge,  but  owing 
to  sickness  and  want  of  ammunition  was  compelled  to 
fall  back  on  Cawnpore,  August  1867:  reinforced  by 
Outram ;  carried  the  Allumbagh  and  effected  first  relief 
of  Lacknow,  Sq)tember,  1867 ;  co-operated  with  Sir  Qqiin 


HAVBLOOK 


586 


HA  WES 


Campbell  in  seomid  relief*  November  1867  ;  died  of  diar- 
rh(Ba  on  morning  of  withdrawal.  He  bad  been  created 
K.O.B.  and  a  baronet,  with  a  pension  of  1,000/^  Novem- 
ber, 1857.  [XXV.  174] 

HAVSLOOK,  WILLIAM  (1793-1&48),  lientenant- 
colonel :  brother  of  Sir  Henry  Havelock  [q.  v.] :  aide-de- 
camp in  Peninsnla  and  at  Waterloo  to  Ooant  Alten :  dis- 
tinj<ui«herl  at  Vera,  1813;  aide-de-camp  to  Sir  Charles 
Oolville  [q.  v.]  at  Bombay ;  military  necretary  to  Lord 
Elphiniitone  at  Madras :  lieutenant-colonel,  I4th  dra- 
ffoons,  1841 :  mortally  wooooded  at  Ramnuggor  in  second 
Sikh  war,  1848.  [xxv.  179] 

HAYELOOK-ALLAir,  Sir  HENRY  MARSHMAN, 
first  baronet  (18S0-1897),  lientenant-geueral ;  son  of  Sir 
Henry  Havelock  [q.  v.]:  ensifm.  1846:  adjutant,  lOtli 
foot,  1863:  captain,  18th  foot  (royal  Irish  regiment), 
1867 :  brevet  lieutenant-colonel,  1869  :  unattached  major, 
1864:  brevet-colonel,  1868:  major-general,  1878:  licu- 
tenant^geneml,  1881 ;  colonel  of  royal  Irish  regiment  of 
foot,  1878 ;  in  Persian  war  and  Indian  mutiny,  1867-9 : 
took  part  in  defence  of  Lucknow;  received  Victoria 
cross,  1868 ;  created  baronet  on  death  of  his  father,  1868 : 
In  Maori  war,  1863-4 :  O.B.,  1866 :  assistant  quarter- 
master-general in  Canada,  1867-9,  and  in  Dublin,  1869 : 
liberal  M.P.  for  Sunderland,  1874-81,  and  south-east 
Durham  county,  1886:  assumed  aniditional  name  of 
Allan,  1880 ;  liberal-unionist  M.P.  for  south-east  Durham 
county,  1886-99  and  1896 :  K.O.B.,  1897 ;  kiUed  while 
visiting  BritiBb  troops  on  Afghan  frtmtier. 

[SuppL  ii.  400] 

HAVSBOAL,  FRANCES  RIDLEY  (1836-1879), 
writer  of  religious  verse :  daughter  of  William  Henry 
Havergal  [q.  v.]  ;  published  *  Ministry  of  Song,*  1870,  and 
other  hymns  and  poems  :  *  Poetical  Workn,*  Issued,  1SB4 ; 
autobiography  In  *  Memorials  *  (Sud  edit.  1880). 

[xxv.  180] 

HAVEROAL,  FRANCIS  TEBBS  (1839-1890),  author : 
son  of  William  Henry  Havergal  [q.  v.] ;  M.A.  New  Col- 
lege, Oxford,  1867;  vicar-choral  (1863-74)  and  preben- 
dary of  Hereford,  1877-90 :  published  '  Fasti  Hereforden- 
soji,'  1(^69,  *  Herefordshire  Words  and  Phrases,'  1887,  and 
otiier  works.  .  [xxv.  182] 

HAVEBGAL,  HENRY  BAST  (1890-1876),  musician  : 
son  of  William  Henry  Havergal  [q.  v.]  ;  M.A.  Magdalen 
Hall,  Oxford,  1846 ;  chaplain  at  Christ  Church  and  New 
Collie,  Oxford :  while  vicar  of  Ck>ple,  Bedfordshire,  1847- 
1876,  constructed  organ  and  chiming  apparatus:  vocalist 
and  instrumentalist :  author  of  musical  publications. 

[xxv.  180] 

HAYEBOAL,  WILLIAM  HENRY  (1793-1870),  com- 
poser of  sacred  music:  educated  at  Merchant  Taylors* 
School  and  St.  Edmund  Hall,  Oxford  :  M.A.,  1819  :  rector 
of  Astley.  1829,  of  St.  Nicholas,  Worcester,  1846 :  vicar  of 
Share$thill,  I860:  gained  Gresham  prize  for  evening  ser- 
vice In  A,  1836,  and  for  anthem,  'Give  Thanks,*  1841  ; 
composed  'A  Hundred  Psalm  and  Hymn  Tunes,*  1869; 
published  '  Old  Church  Psalmody,*  1847,  and  other  works. 

[xxv.  1811 

HAYBBB,  ALICE  (1860-1890).  [See  Morgan  Mrs. 
Alick  Mary.] 

HAYEB8,  CLOPTON  (d.  1709),  physician  and  anato- 
mist; of  Catharine  Hall,  Cambridge:  M.D.  Utrecht, 
1686 :  L.R.C.P.,  1687  ;  F.Ri?.,  1686  ;  his  chief  anatomical 
work,  *08teologla  Nova,*  giving  the  fln^t  minute  account 
of  the  structure  of  bone,  printed,  1691 ;  the  *  Haversian 
canals '  named  after  him.  [xxv.  183] 

HAVEBSHAM,  first  Baron  (1617-1710).  [See 
THOMreox,  Sir  John.] 

HAYEBTT,  JOSEPH  PATRICK  (1 794- 1864X  painter ; 
executed  portraits  of  O'Connell  and  Bishop  Doyle. 

[xxv.  183] 

HAYEBTT,  MARTIN  (1809-1887X  historian :  brother 
of  Joseph  Patrick  Haverty  [q.  v.] ;  educated  at  Irish 
college,  Paris ;  sut)-llbrariau  of  King's  Inns,  Dublin : 
published  '  History  of  Ireland,*  1860,  and  '  Wanderings  in 
Spahi,*  1844.  [xxv.  183] 

HAVILAND,  JOHN  (1786-1861),  professor  of  medi- 
cine at  Cambridge ;  of  Winchester  and  St.  John's  Colletre, 
(Cambridge :  twelfth  wrangler,  1807 ;  fellow  :  M.A.,  1810 ; 
professor  of  anatomy,  Cambridge,  1814 ;  regius  profeswr 
of  medicine,  1817-61 ;  F.R.C.P.,  1818;  MJ).,  1817;  Har- 
veian  orator,  1887.  [xxt.  188] 


HAYILAHD,  WILLIAM  (1718-1784X  gtaa^:  ^it- 
de-camp  to  Blaken?y,  1746-6 ;  lieutenant-ooloDd  ol  iitt, 
1769:  served  in  North  America,  1767-60,  radar  Ate- 
cromby  and  Amherst,  rendering  valuable  aa»istaaee  ta 
capture  of  Montreal,  1760 ;  invented  a  pontoon  forn|idt: 
second  in  command  at  reduction  of  Martinique: 
manded  brigade  at  capture  of  Havanna,  1763: 
1783 :  friend  and  connection  of  Burke.  [xxv.  181] 

HAVILLAND,  THOMAS  FIOTT  nn  (in6-I8il). 
Ueutenant-ool<niel  in  Madras  army  :  sarred  at  itogc  dL 
Pondicherry,  1798,  reduction  of  Ceylon,  1796-6,  in 
tions  against  Tippoo  Sahib.  1799,  and  in  Egj^U  1801; 
architect  of  Matlnuc,  1814-36,  built  cathedral  nd  ft. 
Andrew's  presbyterian  ohurch :  Iteatenant-cotond,  IRM : 
member  of  Ouemsey  legislature.  [xxv.  IM} 

HAWABD,  FRANCIS  (1769-1797),  engraver:  ei- 
hibited  at  Academy  engravings  after  RejmolilB  and  otter 
artists ;  associate  engraver,  1783.  [xxv.  18S\ 

HAWABD,  NICHOLAS  (/.  1669),  antbor:  d 
Thavies  Inn;  published  *The  Line  of  Liberalitie  dolk 
directinge  the  wel  bestoMing  of  Benefites,*  Stc^  1688. 

[xxv.  181] 

HAWABD,   SIMON    (;f.    1679-1614).      [See    Has- 

WARD.] 


HAWABDEK,  EDWARD  (1669-1786), 
catholio  controversialist;  vice-preaident  of  Dooay  Oir 
lege,  1690-1707;  head  of  Romanist  oolooy  at  Oxford, 
1688-9 ;  disputed  with  Samuel  (Clarke  on  the  Trinity  be- 
fore Queen  Caroline,  17 19 :  published  against  Lerile's '  Hit 
Case  Stated*  *The  True  Church  of  Christ,*  1714-11^ 
'Charity  and  Truth,'  1738  (against  ChiIlingworth*i  'fis- 
ligion  of  Protestants  *),  and  *  Answer  to  Dr.  daite  aal 
Mr.  Whiston  concerning  the  Divinity  of  the  Son  tni  d 
the  Holy  Spirit,*  1739.  [xzr.  181] 

HAWEI8,  THOMAS  (178^1890).  diTine;  studied  st 
(Thrist  Church  and  Magdalen  Hall,  Oxford ;  asiiitBat  ti 
Martin  Madan  [q.  r.]  at  Lock  Chapel :  rector  of  Aid- 
winkle,  Northamptonshire,  1764-1890  :  LL.B.  (}amt)ridfli. 
1779 ;  manager  of  Trevecca  College ;  trustee  and  exeeotar 
of  Selina  Hastings,  countess  of  Hontingdon  [q.  v.],  17M: 
published,  among  other  works,  *  Life  of  WilUaim  Hoaain! 
1797,  and  '  History  of  Rise,  Declension,  and  Revival  of  the 
Church,*  1800 ;  edited  John  New-ton's  '  Authentic  Nam- 
tlve,*  1764.  [xxv.  188] 

HAWE8,  Sir  BENJAMIN  (1797-1889X  undersecR- 
tary  for  war ;  whig  M.P.,  Lambeth,  1839-47,  EloalB. 
1848-63 :  caused  appointment  of  fine  arts  oommisrioa  ui 
opening  of  British  Museum  on  holidays ;  advocate  if 
penny  postage  and  electric  telegraph ;  onder-ncretarj  iv 
colonies,  1846:  K.O.B^  1866:  under-««oretary  for  w. 
1867-63 ;  published  narrative  of  ascent  of  Mont  Blase  is 
1837.  [xxv.  187] 

HAWS8,  EDWARD  (/.  1606X  poet;  author,  vhaeat 
Westminster  School,  of  ^Trayterooa  Fercyes  and  Caieh 
byes  Proflopopeia,*  1606.  [xxv.  187] 

HAWE8,  RICHARD  (1608  7-1668X  pnriUn  divioe: 
M.A.  Corpus  Chrlsti  College,  Cambridge,  1697:  «ta 
rector  of  Kcntchuroh  tried  by  royalists  for  sappote' 
conspiracy ;  ejected  from  vicarage  of  Leintwaidiaei  IM^ 
but  occasionally  allowed  to  preadi.  [xxv.  187] 

HAWE8,  ROBERT  (1666-1781),  topographer:  pttt 
of  his  manuscript  history  of  Fraadingluun  and  LoV' 
HuHlred  printed  by  R.  Loder,  1798.  [xxv.  IW] 

HAWE8,  STEPHEN  (d.  1698 ?X  poet;  groom  of tte 
chamber  to  Henry  V II ;  his  *  Passetvme  of  Pleasare,  cr 
History  of  Graunde  Amoure  and  la  B«  Pocel,*  first  priatal 
by  Wynkyn  de  Woide,  1609  (reprinted  by  Sonthej,  1^): 
other  vforka  by  him  reprinted  (ed.  David  laingX  i<^ 

[XIV.  m . 

HAWES,  WILLIAM  (1736-1806X  founder  of  W 
Humane  Society ;  educated  at  St  PanTs  School :  MJ*.: 
physician  to  London  Dispensary ;  founded  Royal  Hodih 
Society,  1774 ;  pubUshed  account  of  (JoUamith'k  QM 
1774,  examination  of  'John  Wesley's  Primitivs  Fhj^ 
1776,  and  tracts  on  premature  intennent  and  loipaida 
animation.  [xxv.  UO] 

HAWES,  WILLIAM  (1786-1848X  singer  and  MB- 
poser:  chorister,  gentleman,  and  master  of  diildnn(inT) 
at  Hinpel  Royal :  original  assooiate  of  Philhsrsinue 
Soolety ;  almouer  and  vicar-ohonl  at  St.  IteTi,  VM\ 


I 
'i 


HAWFOBD 


1817-2k 


;    anlsted  AnwU 
mt  of  Bnfllih   -  -    - 

ukj  edited,  _  _  _  _ 
lli.  ■  ■  ii.y.l90l" 
WU),  EOW&SD  (it.  1183).  duiitfr  or  dUrUfa 
imbrUac:  B.A.JwiiCoil^g.CiDibrtdge.iMa! 
JbtM'iOolleKtr  "  '     "■' "  ■'' 

Ib  IruBlns  of  ohItoiIV  lUtutca  (U7U>. 


■r  at  Christ's 


HAWKXT,  JOHN  (I7IU- 
urBdunU'  of  TiLolty  OoIIki.  Da 
n*i.   tlnrue,    17U,   ud  T«r 


a.    KDWARD,  flnt  Bauds  I 
Dinl  0(  tba  SsM;   bnught  u] 


.  c» 


jeH,  171I:d(^Enl«daiKlup- 
tun  of  Fnneli  iQaMroii  praUKUDe  ddhid;' 

d  bom  aitt,  1'4S-M :'  prnhlal  ota  eoan-amr^ 

cUBntq.vO:  oommwdEi!  MiBIcniSa.-t.  nts-s, 
mn  Dnt.  WU:  *dinitii],  1767;  co-opentnl 
ibii  Motdunt  (q,  t.]  In  tbr^  Koclwroit  mpodl- 
;  uiaowdBd  In  ddufbiK.  but  failed  to  dntnif . 
■Tartar  Aiurliia,  ITM;  nrnck  till  flHgowiuit 


'EhipB  a  ball/ 


_. D  (17«S-1S( 

vsertq.T.];  mtcred ai-vy,  iiifa;  buccvuidi  in 
{abtttpriTHbn*  la  IfMLti^muicAD  ;  Oie-ciLplali] 
ludKtUa  U  KcwfoaDdloiid,  IBia-ll.  to  E^ari 
k»l  HjmoiiOi.  18»7-*];  lulmiral.  1B13;  cor- 
loCTiiDM'afAFUgdfllcfr.-  [in.  IWl 
3K,   JAHBB  (d,  178?>,  mpUIn  In  thS  nti;  ; 

«[q.T.3,1781.  [I«.»t»] 

XX,  PBTBEt  (17BS-1M3),  midier  and  iiitliDr : 
•it  Utfa  light  dngDOtu  ui  PFDlnadln ;  badly 
It  TiUnn,  IW»:  R(lr>il,  IRIS:  pnumU-d  Im- 

iDit/uotlons  Ul  TODDg  Sp07 


I" 


.SCO] 


SK,  ROBBRT  {17»-l«il7X  ail 

:  UacdKlen  Hill.  Oxford,  1I7B;  ciuri-te  of 
«r  PljmDnth.  1778,  Ticar,  1784:  D.D.  Biin- 
E ;  blghly  popaiar  u  exUniporo  prewiber ;  pub- 
sma  dcmtii>oiil  wn-kl,  oIhi  '  Coocordnnce  and 
ta  S*eml  gcripluni ' :  uollcctnl  viorkucdlUiL 

[SILV.WI] 


Oxford,  18«l;  UJl. 
liui,lli»:  AewugMe  prizenun,  1817;  ricBr 
iito«,  IU4,  vltb  WEllcumbc,  INl ;  became 
n  iMitdaji ;  pabUihgd'Qu»t  of  tbE  ^mgrul.' 

^ine  'Aol  iball  Tnlo'.i'iiy  'ille.'  'Itcainla  of 
n  Shore.-  18U.  IBM,  uhI  '  FuolprlnU  a1  yormer 
■Coroimm,'1870i  [isv.awl 

XR,THOUAS(tf,  ina/).  portnilt-piiiDter. 


IIU  [q.  i.l  In 

XXT.loib 

VlralL 
>1  wd 


hrihl's  HonlUI  and  St.  0«cg*'i  Bgapllal ;  iiirgeiB  to 
I.  a«[g<'a  Utaplliil,  I82»-«1 ;  ootmltUig  ■orgscn,  Igai ; 
[unUTlni  OTBlor,  1S4S;  preiMentof  CoUen  of  Snrgtoia, 
Si'J  nud  IMl :  Kreeant^urgsn  toqiHcnTlctoIlii.  l«ei ; 
JUS. :  lint  iiiaKMfiil  pnctUer  of  OTiirlotoiiv :  oollected 

HAWEtSS.  BDWARD  (I7a(l-1H7X  nDmlBtiuCbit ; 
niKTof  antiqaltlea  at  British  Museum,  iaiS-eV:  F.K.a. 
Itll,  F.S.A.,  I8M  (Ttoe-prciildent  of  both):  pmident  Bt 


I" 


HAWrniB,  EDWARD  (I78s-18Sa),provot 

nliiiMitu^  at  Mercbaot  Taylon'  Bobool  aod  SL  John^ 
CoUcgp,  ffiford;  M.A,  1814  ;  D.D,  1818 ;  fdlow  of  OrteL 
1S13;  ikwotStlfarr'!,  181S-9;  proiiMot  OrM,  1818- 
1874;  oBion  of  Roebalar,  ISSB-8f:  BunpMD  leotonr, 
1840;  Qrat  IrdaDdprofOtor  of  uc^csli,  1847-61  ;tluafb  A 
oppoHd  tnotarlaa  inoT«nuiitaDd(lMl) 
■-■'-HolTraotXO;  r--'— •  •- "— '— — 

w'sllle.  1814,  'AMu 

HAWZnS,  BRNBST  (ISOI-Iese),  cuon  at  WM- 
lln^tur:  M.A.  BaUioI  UoUoie,  Oiford.  IBt7;  B.D.,  1819 ; 
;now  of  Rxner  Call^I^  1811 :  >ut>-Ubrarlaii  of  BndMui, 
U: :  u-'rstvr  of  HkS.P.O..  184S-M,oaDODol  Wstnln- 
xt.  IHUi  a :  mlDiitn  of  Ounm  Obapd,  Uajfair,  18M ; 
iw-prixultnt.  Bisbop'i  (^lefce,  Oape  Town.  1818;  pub- 
Ibed  IV  uiks  [ElBtinK  lo  biitary  Of  mlOlOni.   llIT.  9M] 

HAWZntS,  PBAHCIB  (1818-1881),  Jnnlt:  Km  of 
obu  llniFkioB  (Jl.  lau}  [q.  T.l :  protcHor  of  bol;  Mrtji- 
ire  Ul  Liige  CDllegn,  ie7B-aI ;  tnuisUted,*!  age  of  ^Ll, 


^   «  prlumaa.  li 
F.lt.O.P.,  1814 ;  DntprofeiHorat  mallolDeatKlng*! 
.^',  UmdOD,  1811 -e;  pbiTBlaiau  lo  Ulddlavx  HoepltaL 
-ba,  nod  to  royal  housebold  ;  registrar  of  Golleve  of 
dciims,  1g»-w,  ot  Uedlcal  Oonncll,  llUS'7e. 

[...,  »ll] 
OBORQB     (1809-lUl),     llUwgnphia 


er  (ieS3-173e),  organist; 

la ;  arranged  El;  US.  djoir-booki, 
inemii.lob7hlni«H.I«v.Sl»] 
HAWKOtB,  JAMES,  the  youagtr  (fi.  1714-17011), 
yniilnt  lit  Pettrborougb  Oalhalnil,   1714-60;   son    of 
loics  HnwUns  the  dder  [g.T.]  [>iv.  IIJ] 

SAWZniB  or  HAWKYVB,  BIB  JOHN  (1U)-I1»X 
itdI  coiamuider ;   wcond  son    of   WUllam  Hawlcna 
Plymootb,  1 


aulItaoLti  of  his  latber-iu-lKV  and  Sir  > 


I  stalpa  fitted  oiitnlCh 


HAWKINS 


588 


[q.  Y.]  flailed  to  Sierm  Leone,  kidnapped  negroes,  and  ex- 
changed  tbcm  with  Spaniards  in  San  Dominfro  (Hispa- 
niola)  for  hides  and  other  oonunodiUes,  1M2-3 ;  in  seoood 
Toyage,  1664-6,  having  loan  of  the  Jems  (qaeen's  ship) 
and  support  of  Pembroke  and  Ldoester,  foroed  his  negroes 
on  Spaniards  at  Rio  de  la  Hacba,  Koi  relieved  French 
colony  in  Florida :  bis  third  expedition,  delayed  by  Spanish 
remonstrances  with  Elizabeth,  left  Flymoath,  October 
1667,  with  six  ships  (two  qneen's),  took  money  from  the 
Portogoese  and  negroes  from  Sierra  Leone :  brought  some 
of  Uie  slaves  to  Vera  Onus ;  most  of  his  ships  destxwed 
and  treasure  seized  in  the  harbour  of  San  Juan  de  Lna 
by  a  Spanish  fleet;  foroed  by  famine  to  land  some  of  his 
men  in  Mexico ;  reached  Yigo :  arrived  in  Rngland  Janu- 
ary  1669;  pretended,  with  Bnrghley's  oonnivanoe,  to 
favour  a  Spanish  invasion  of  England,  thereto  obtaining 
from  Philip  II  the  release  of  his  captured  sailors,  40,0001^ 
and  the  patent  of  grandee  of  Spain;  M.P.,  Plymouth, 
1673 ;  treasurer  and  comptroller  of  the  navy ;  introduced 
many  improvements  in  the  construction  of  ships  for  the 
navy ;  member  of  council  of  war  at  Plymouth  during  fight 
with  Armada,  1688 ;  commanded  rear  squadron  during 
fighting  in  Channel,  1688  ;  knighted  after  action  off  Isle 
of  Wight ;  commanded  centre  of  Howard's  division  at 
Oravelines,  S9  Nov.  1688 :  joint  commander  with  Fro- 
bisher  of  sauadron  sent  to  Portuguese  coast,  1690 :  while 
serving  with  Drake's  expedition  to  West  Indies  died  at 
sea  off  Porto  Rico.  He  founded  the  hospital  called  after 
tdm  at  Ohatham,  169S,  where  is  a  genuine  portrait. 

[XXV.  212] 

KAWXIVB,  JOHN  (/f.  1636X  translator :  brother  of 
Henry  Hawkins  [q.  v.] ;  M.D.  Padua ;  published  *  Briefe 
Introduction  to  Syntax'  (1681)  and  translations  of 
Andreas  de  Soto's  ^Bansome  of  Time'  and  an  Italian 
*  Paraphrase  upon  the  seaven  Penitential  Psalms,'  1636. 

[XXV.  219] 

KAWKDrS,  Sm  JOHN  (1719-1789).  author ;  claimed 
descent  from  Sir  John  Hawkins  (16S2-1596)  [q.  v.]; 
Middlesex  magistrate:  knighted,  1772;  became  known 
to  Dr.  Johnson  through  connection  with  'Oentleman's 
Magazine ' ;  member  of  the  dub  at  King's  Head,  Ivy 
Lane,  and  of  famous  club  of  176S ;  drew  up  Johnson's 
will,  1784 :  published  Johnson's*  Life  and  Works,'  1787-9 : 
edited  Walton's  'OamplMt  Angler/  1760;  his  *  General 
History  of  Music '  issued,  1776.  [xxv.  220] 


,,  JOHN  (17687-1841),  author;  F.R3.: 
travelled  inOreeoe  and  the  east ;  contributed  to  Walpole's 
'  Memoirs  of  European  and  AsiaUo  Turkey,*  1818.  and 
*  Travels  in  ...  the  East.*  [xxv.  221] 

HAWXnrS,  JOHN  SIDNEY  (1768-1842),  anUquary ; 
BOn  of  Sir  John  Hawkins  (1719-1789)  [q.  v.] ;  F.&A.; 
edited  Rnggle's '  Ignoramus,*  1787,  and  Rigand's  version 
of  Da  Vinci  *  On  Painting,'  1802 :  published  work  on 
Gothic  architecture,  181 S,  '  Inquiry  into  .  .  .  Greek  and 
Latin  Poetry,'  1817,  and  *  Inquiry  into  .  .  .  Thorough 
Bass  on  a  new  plan  *  [1817].  [xxv.  231] 


HAWKINB,  MAJOR  ROHDB  (1820-1884).  architect 
to  the  committee  of  council  on  education :  thinl  son  of 
Kdward  Hawkins  (1780-1867)  [q.  v.] ;  accompanied  Sir 
Oharies  Fellows's  expedition  to  Asia  Minor,  1841. 

[xxv.  207] 

HAWKmS,  NIOHOLAS  (d.  1684),  bishop-designate 
of  Ely ;  of  Eton  and  King's  Oollege,  Cambridge :  lLd.  ; 
in  youUi  imprisoned  for  Lutheranlsm :  as  archdeacon  of 
Ely  attended  convocation  of  1629 ;  resident  ambassador 
at  imperial  court,  1682 ;  had  interview  with  Clement  YII 
at  Bologna  about  Henry  V IITs  divorce  from  Catherine  of 
Arragon,  1688 ;  communicated  to  Charles  V  in  Spain  news 
of  the  divorce  and  Henry's  private  marriage  with  Anne 
Boleyn ;  bishoihdesignate  of  Ely,  1688 ;  died  at  Balbase, 
Arragon.  [xxv.  222] 

HAWKnrS  or  HAWXTKB,  Sm  RICHARD  (1662  ?- 
1622),  naval  commander:  son  of  Sir  John  Hawkins  or 
Hawkyns  (1682-1696)  [q.  v.]  ;  captain  of  the  Duck  galliot 
in  Drake's  West  Indian  expedition,  1686-6 ;  commanded 
the  Swallow  against  Armada,  1688,  and  the  Crane  in  his 
father's  Portuguese  expedition,  1690;  left  Plymouth  in 
the  Dainty  on  roving  oonmiission  against  Spaniards,  1698 ; 

gut  in  at  Santos  in  Brazil,  October  1693 ;  passed  Straits  of 
[agellan,  plundered  Valparaiso,  and  took  prizes ;  bad  to 
surrender,  severely  woundol,  in  tny  of  San  Mateo,  1694 ; 
taken  to  Lim«  and  (1197)  sent  to  Spain ;  imprisoned  at 


SevUle  and  Madrid  tiU  1602;  knighted,  160S;  MJ^Rj. 
mouth,  1604 ;  vice*admlral  of  Devon,  1601 ;  viee«Saiii)l 
under  Sir  Robert  Mansell  [q.  v.]  in  ezpedltton  sffdiNi 
Algerine  corsairs,  1690-1 ;  published  *  Observatioiu  isUi 
Voiage  into  the  South  Sea,  AJi.  1693,*  1622 ;  dioIsadMr 
in  the  council  chamber.  [xxv.  Stt] 

KAWXIV8,  SUSANNA  (1787-1868X  Scottish  port; 
daughter  of  a  Dumfriesshire  blacknuith:  poUidiedsai 
hersdf  sold  local  and  occasional  verse,  1888-«L 

[xxv.  JJJ] 

HAWKIKB,  THOMAS  (d.  1677).    [See  Tvuol] 

HAWXIHB,  Sir  THOMAS  (<f.  1640),  traailtfsr: 
brother  of  John  Hawkins  (/.  1636)  [q.  v.] ;  knigteL 
1618 ;  friend  of  Edmund  Bolton  [q.  v.]  and  James  Vmrik 
[q.  vO  ;  published  *  Odes  and  Bpodes  of  Horace  \n  Ufls 
and  English  Verse,*  1626,  and  translaticms  of  Osootai^ 
*Holy  Coort,*  1626,  and  *  (Christian  Diurnal,*  1682,  sal 
other  French  works.  [xxv.  2N] 

HAWKINB,  THOMAS  (1810-1 889X geologist:  FjGJBw 
1881;  his  collection  of  Devon,  Somersbt,  and  Dntt 
fossils  bought  by  the  nation ;  publiabed  *  Memofas  iC 
Ichthyosauri  and  Plesiosanri,'  1834,  *  My  Life  and  WorkC 
1887,  and  poems.  [xrr.  W] 

HAWKIKB  or  HAWKTNB,  WILLLAM  (<f.  imti 
sea-captain ;  made  voyages  to  Guinea  and  BtmiU,  162841; 
twice  mayor  of  Plymouth ;  M.P.,  Plymooth,  1U9,  WS, 
1668.  [xzv.Hn 

KAWKIHB  or  KAWKTITB,  WILLIAM  (d,  IISI 
sea-captain  and  merchant ;  son  of  William  Hantiai  m 
Hawkyns  (</.  1664?)  [q.  v.];  mayor  of  Plymootli,  UK 
1678,  and  1687-8:  partner  with  his  broCber,  Sir  Mi 
Hawkins  (1632-1696)  [q.  v.]  in  ownenhip  of  prIvaiHB; 
with  Sir  Arthur  Champemowne  seized  Spanish  tresMRtf  ^ 
Plymouth,  1668;   commanded  West  Indian  expeAfu^ 
1682;  fitted  out  ships  against  Armada.  [xxv.lQ   ! 

KAWKIKB  or  KAWSTVB,  WILLLLMJ  A  ^ 
sea-captain  and  merchant;  son  of  William 
Hawkyns  (d,  1689)   [q.  v.]  ;  served  in  Diake^  v^M  I 
1677  ;  lieutenant  to  Edward  Fenton  [q.  v.]  in  hiiaiJ 
Indian  voyage,  1682 ;  probably  commander  of  the  iMk  I 
on  Irish  coast,  1687,  and  of  the   Griffin 
Armada,  1688 ;  not  identical  with  the  William"  Bnl|a 
who  went  to  Surat  and  residod  vrith  Great  MogoL 

[xxv.  M   \ 

HAWKINB,  WILLIAM  (d,  16S7X  post:  IJLj 
Christ's  (Dollege,  Cambridge,  1626  ;  master  of  HsIU*^ 
School;  published  « Apollo  Shroving,*  1627,  *OKJk^ 
Varia,'  1634,  and  Latin  oomplimentwy  venea. 

[xxv.im 

HAWKINB,  WILLIAM  (1678-1746),  sgjMJJ^ 
law  ;  M.A.  St.  John's  (College,  Cambridge^  1693 ;  o^V 
of  the  Inner  Temple,  1700;  serjeant-at-law,  US: 
chief  work,  *  Treatise  of  Pleas  of  the  Oroim,'  1716. 

[xxv.  nq  ^ 

HAWKINB,  WILLIAM  (1722-1801%  author ;  Mil 
William  Hawkins  (1678-1746)  [q.  v.] ;  feUow  of  ' 
broke  CoUege,  Oxford,  1742;  MJL,  1744;  profflB 
poetry,  1761-6 ;  rector  of  Whitchurch,  Dorset,  ITM-IM; 
Bampton   lecturer,   1787;     published  *The 
1743,  'Henry  and  Rosamond,'  1749,  and  *Tlll8^p( 
Aleppo,'  and  other  plays  :  *  Poems,*  1781,  and  ' 

works ;  collected  works  issued,  1768.  [xxv. 

HAWK8HAW,  BENJAMIN  (</.  1788),  divine;] 
St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  1691 ;  BJL  DabOi,  " 
M.A.,    1696 ;   incumbent  of    St.     Nicholas-i 
WaUs,  Dublin;  published  *  Poems,*  1698,  and*  I 
ableness  of  constant  Communion  wlUi  Cbordi  of ! 
land,' 1709.  [xzr.flQ 

HAWKBHAW,    Sm  JOHN    (1811-1891X  oM 
gineer :  worked  under  Alexander  Nimmo  [q.  v.],!' 
engaged  in  mining  work  in  Venezuela,  18S2-4: 
by  Jesse  Hartlqr  [q.  v.],  1884,  engineer  to 
and  Leeds  Railway,  1845 ;  consulting  engineer  te 
don,  1860.    His  works  include  the  railwi^  at 
Street  and  Charing  Cross,  with  bridges  over  ' 
East  London  Railway,  Severn  tonnd,  1887,  aal 
pletion,  with  W.  H.  Barlow,  of  Clifton  sntpei 
reported  favourably  on  site   of  proposed  Soei 
1863;  F.R.S.,  1866  ;  knighted,  1878:  MXO^  UMbi 
president,  1862  and  1863 :  president  oC  British , 
tion,  1876 ;  published  professiooal  papera. 

LBiip|iLiL«q 


689 


.,  THOMAS  (1807-1893),  dvU  en 
dtect  and  sorveyor  at  Nottingham ;  engineer 
apanies  ttnpplying  Nottingham,  1845-80;  en- 
ex  to  water  sapply  works  at  Liverpool,  1874- 
efDeld,  1864-93 ;  planned  Thornton  Park  and 
erroirs,  Lieicester,  and  carried  oat  numeroos 
works;  M.T.O.E.,  1840;  president,  1872-8; 
Institution  of  Mechanical  Engineers,  1876-7 ; 
;  pablisbed  professional  reports. 

[SappL  ii.  404] 
JIOOR,  NICHOLAS  (1661-1786),  arohi- 
fed  by  Wren  as  depaty-surrqror  at  Ghelsea 
•8S-90 ;  clerk  of  the  works  at  Qreenwich 
98;  Kensington  Palace,  1691-1715,  and  at 
Bt.  James's,  and  Westminster,  1716-18; 
tMNurd  of  works  and  depaty-sorveyor  ;  as- 
at  St.  Paul's,  1678-1710,  and  Yanbrogb  at 
ud,  1708-14,  and  Blenheim,  1710-16  ;  erected 
3-14,  and  south  quadrangle,  1710-59,  of 
sge,  Oxford,  and  part  of  north  quadrangle 
iwers)  of  All  Souls,  e.  1730 ;  directed  repa&s 
Minster,  1713;  joint-surveyor  of  Queen 
cbarches,  1716  ;  designed  numerous  Loudon 
irveyor-general  of  Westminster  Abbey,  1723 ; 
bort  Historical  Account  of  London  Bridge,* 
latee.  [zxv.  232] 

V^OOD,  Sir  JOHN  db  (d.  1394%  general ; 
ELaccoude';  said  to  have  served  under  Ed- 
ith troop  of  free  lances  stormed  Pau,  1359  ; 
rd  de  1a  Salle  levied  contributions  from 
71,  1360;  shared  in  English  victory  of 
162 ;  took  service  with  Monferrato  against 
roopa  becoming  known  as  the  White  Oom- 
to  nmsom  the  Ooont  of  Savoy  ;  defeated 
9ungarian  mercenaries,  1863 ;  served  nn- 
Pisa  against  Florence,  1363-4,  and  assisted 
make  himself  doge  of  Pisa,  1864 ;  with 
St,  Cieorge  ravaged  country  between  Genoa 
1865-6,  pillaged  the  Perugino;  escorted 
meet  tbe  Pope  at  Yiterbo,  1367 ;  took  ser- 
[ikuD,  1368;  captured  by  the  pope's  meroen- 
DO,  bot  ransomed  by  Pisa,  1369 ;  defeated  at 
army  of  Monferrato,  137S ;  won  a  great  vio- 
pe  Gregory  XI  over  Gian  Galeazzo  Yisconti 
1874 ;  levied  contributions  on  Florence,  Pisa, 
a,  and  Arezso,  1375;  received  pension  from 
75;  Obtained  Ootignola  and  other  places  in 
I  default  of  papal  pay,  but  joined  anti-papal 
,  marrying  a  natural  daughter  of  Bemabo 
vith  Count  Landau  forced  Yerona  to  pay 
filan,  1378 ;  defeated  by  Stephen  Laczsk,  and 
)y  Yisconti ;  generally  served  Florence  from 
ID  the  victory  of  Castognaro  against  Yerona 
386  ;  joint-ambassador  for  England  at  Rome, 
;  Florooce  and  Naples,  i;^  ;  as  commander- 
FloRDoe  carried  on  successful  war  against 
-92 ;  died  at  Florence  and  was  bnrtod  in  tbe 
i  tbe  request  of  Richard  n  leave  was  given 
>  transfer  his  body  to  England ;  it  was  prob- 
at  Hedingham  SiblL  [xxv.  236] 

18,  Sib  JOHN  (1645-1716X  whig  lawyer ; 
Winchester  and  Queen's  College,  Oxford; 
Incoln's  Inn  ;  M.P.,  Old  Sarum,  1689,  Wilton, 
1702-5,  St.  Michael,  1698,  Truro,  1700,  St. 
itockbridge,  1705-10 ;  knighted,  1696 ;  solici- 
1695-1702 ;  a  manager  of  the  Sacheverell  im- 
1710 ;  published  *  Remarks '  ou  contemporary 
1689,  and  other  works.  [xxv.  242] 

T,  FREDERICK  (1827-1889),  Shakespearean 
Frederick  Hayi^'ell  appeared  \v1th  Wallack 
cnx  Italiens,  Paris,  with  Phelps  at  Sadler's 
rith  Charles  Calvert  at  Manchester ;  produced 
t  tbe  Gaiety ;  as  librarian  at  Strntford-on- 
9,  completed  (1889)  catalogue  of  editions  iu 
s  of  Shakespeare's  plays.  [xxv.  243] 

rr,  HENRY  or  HENRY  C.  (1679  7-1769), 
eneral ;  served  with  the  (present)  4th 
€-17  ;  present  at  Almanza,  1707 ;  wounded 
I,  1715,  when  lieutenant-colonel:  colonel  of 
1717,  of  13th  dragoons,  1730 ;  lieutenant- 
I :  present  at  Dettingen,  1743,  and  Fontenoy, 
1  oommander-in-cbief  in  Scotland  defeated 
1746  ;  commanded  cavalry  at  Oullodeu,  1746, 


and  in  Flanders ;   governor   of  Portsmouth,   1752 ;   a 
severe  disciplinarian,  known  as  the  *  chief- justice.* 

rxxv.  243] 
HAWLET,  Sir  JOSEPH  HENRY,  third  baronet 
(1813-1875  X  patnm  of  the  turf ;  succeeded  as  baronet, 
1831 ;  lieutenant,  9th  lancers,  1833  ;  left  army,  1834 ;  raced 
in  partnership  with  J.  M.  Stanley  in  Italy  and  England  ; 
won  the  Oaks,  1847  ;  cleared  about  48,000/.  by  his  win 
(M'ith  Beadsman)  of  the  Derby,  1858;  again  won  the 
Derby,  1859  and  1868,  and  tbe  St  Leger,  1869 ;  advo- 
cated turf  reform,  1870.  [xxv.  245] 

HAWLEY,  THOMAS  (d.  1557X  (]larencenx  king-of- 
arms ;  last  Roseblanche  pursuivant ;  as  Rougecroix 
negotiated  with  Scots  before  Flodden  ;  when  Ciarlisle 
herald  accompanied  Henry  YIII  to  Ardres,  1520 :  Norroy, 
1584  ;  Clarenceux  king-of-arms,  1536-57 :  employed  to 
treat  with  northern  rebels,  1586 :  accompanied  Northum- 
berland to  Cambridge,  1558 ;  induced  Sir  Thomas  Wyatt 
to  submit,  1554 ;  made  visitations  of  Kent,  Surrey,  Hamp- 
shire, and  Essex  (printed,  1878).  [xxv.  246] 

KAWOBTH,  ADRIAN  HARDY  (1767-1833),  ento- 
mologist and  botanist ;  F.L£.,  1798  ;  founded  Aurelian 
Society  and  Entomological  Society  of  London,  1806; 
made  large  collection  of  lepidoptera  ;  sub-division  of 
aloe  named  after  him ;  publi^ied  works,  including 
*  Lepidoptera  Britannica  *  (pt.  L 1803,  pt.  li.  c  1810,  pt  iii. 
1812),  and  *  Synopsis  Plantarum  Succulentarum,*  1812. 

[xxv.  246] 

KAWOBTH,  SAMUEL  XJI.  1683),  empiric ;  M.D. 
Paris ;  author  of  *  True  Method  of  curing  Consumptions,* 
1682.  [XXV.  247] 

HAWTBEY,  EDWARD  CRAVEN  (1789-1862),  pro- 
vost of  Eton ;  educated  at  Eton  ;  scholar  (1807)  and  fellow 
(1810)  of  King's  College,  Cambridge  ;  B.A. ;  as  assistant- 
master  at  Eton  under  Keate,  1814-34,  encouraged  early 
efforts  of  Praed,  Comewall  Lewis,  and  Arthur  Hallam ;  as 
head-master  of  Eton,  1834-52,  nearly  doubled  the  numbers 
in  twdve  years,  opoied  new  buildings  for  foundationers 
(1846)  and  the  sanatorium,  suppressed  *  montem  *  (1847), 
introduced  principle  of  competition  for  king's  scholars, 
founded  English  essay  prize ;  provost,  1852-62 ;  last  per- 
son buried  in  college  chapeL  He  printed  translations  into 
Italian,  (German,  and  Greek  verse,  A889,  and  translations 
from  Homer  into  English  hexameters,  1848;  edited 
Goethe's  lyrics,  1833  and  1884.  [xxv.  247] 

EAXEY,  THOMAS  (</.  1425X  treasurer  of  York 
minster ;  prebendary  of  Lichfield,  1391,  Lincoln,  1396, 
and  Salisbury  ;  attended  parliament  of  1397  (according  to 
Hallam  as  a  member)  and  brought  forward  an  article  in 
bill  of  complaints  directed  against  non-residence  of 
bishops  and  a  tax  on  clergy ;  tried  and  condemned  to 
death,  but  claimed  as  a  clergyman  and  pardoned,  1897 ; 
prebendary  of  York,  1405,  of  Southwell,  1405 ;  treasurer 
of  York  minster,  1418-25.  [xxv.  249] 


,  ALEXANDER,  Lord  Easter  Kenxet  (d. 
1594),  Scottish  judge ;  clerk  to  Scots  privy  council,  1564 ; 
clerk-register  and  senator  of  College  of  Justice,  1579. 

[xxv.  250] 
HAY,  ALEXANDER,  Lord  Nkwton  (d.  1616),  clerk- 
register,  1612 ;  son  of  Alexander  Hay  (d.  1594)  [q.  v.]  ; 
author  of  *  Manuscript  Notes  of  Transactions  of  King 
James  YI  written  for  use  of  King  Charles.*    [xxv.  250] 


\  ALEXANDER (d.  1807?),  topographer;  M.A. 

of  a  Scottish  university  ;  chaplain  of  St.  Mary's  Cliapel, 
Chichester :  vicar  of  Wisborough  Green :  published  '  His- 
tory of  Chichester,'  1804.  [xxv.  260] 

HAY,  ALEXANDER  LBITH  (1768-1838),  general: 
assumed  name  of  Hay,  1789 ;  raised  regiment  called  by  his 
name,  1789;  general,  1818.  [xxv.  251] 

HAY,  ANDREW  (1762-1814),  major-general;  raised 
Banffshire  fencible  infantry,  1798  ;  lieutenant-colonel,  3nl 
battalion  Ist  royals  at  Cornfia ;  commanded  a  brigade  at 
Walcberen,  1809,  and  in  Peninsula ;  major-general,  1811 ; 
mortally  wounded  before  Bayoune.  [xxv.  261] 

HAY,  Sir  ANDREW  LEITH  (1786-1862),  soldier  and 
author ;  son  of  Alexander  Lelth  Hay  [q.  v.] ;  served  in 
Peninsula,  1808-14,  as  aide-de-camp  to  Sir  James  Leith 
(his  uncle) ;  M.P.,  Elgin,  1832-8  and  1841-7 ;  clerk  of 
the  ordnance,  1834 ;  K.H.,  1834 ;  published  '  Narrative  of 
the  Peninsular  War,'  1831,  and  •  (Saatellated  Architecture 
of  Aberdeenshire,*  1849.  [xxv.  251] 


690 


HAT,  ARCHIBALD  (A  1M8X  Soottisb  monk  of 
Paris  And  Latin  writer.  [xxv.  26S] 

HAT,  ARTHT7R,  ninth  Marquis  of  Twxeddals 
(18S4-1878),  floldier  and  naturalist ;  son  of  Gtorge  Hay, 
eighth  marqols  of  Tweeddale  [q*v-];  entered  grenadier 
guards,  1841 ;  aide-de-camp  to  Haidinge  in  Sutlej  cam- 
paign, 1845;  travelled  in  Eorope  and  the  Himalayas; 
served  in  Crimea :  colonel,  1866 ;  Viscoant  Walden,  186S- 
1876 ;  marquis,  1876 ;  president  of  Zoological  Society ; 
F.R.S. ;  F.L.S. ;  his  papers  on  natural  history  collected, 
1881.  [xxT.  86S] 

HAT,  Lord  CHARLES  (d.  1760),  major-general; 
brother  of  John  Hay,  fourth  marquis  of  Tweeddale  [q.  v.] ; 
present  at  siege  of  Gibraltar,  17S7;  volunteer  with 
Prince  Eugene  on  the  Rhine,  1784;  M.P.,  Haddington- 
shire, 1741 ;  distinguished  himself  with  first  foot  guards 
at  Fontenoy,  1746,  and  was  severely  wounded ;  major- 
general,  1757  ;  court-martialled  for  reflections  on  conduct 
of  Lord  Loudoun  In  Nova  Scotia.  [xxv.  S58] 


,  DAVID  RAMSAY  (1798-1866X  decorative 
artist  and  author;  employed  by  Scott  at  Abbotafbrd: 
decorated  haU  of  Society  of  Arts,  e.  1846 ;  *  Ninety  Club ' 
founded  by  his  pupils ;  published,  among  other  works, 
*  Laws  of  Harmonious  Colouring  adapted  to  House  Pant- 
ing,' 1828,  and  *  Natural  Prlnci^es  of  Beauty  as  developed 
in  the  Human  Figure,*  1862,  dec.  [xxv.  268] 

HAY,  EDMT7ND  (<i.  1691),  Scottish  Jesuit ;  accom- 
panied secret  embassy  from  Pius  lY  to  Mary  Queen  of 
Scots,  1662 ;  first  rector  of  Pont-i^Mousson,  imd  pro- 
vincial of  French  Jesuits;  assistant  for  Gennany  and 
France  to  Aquaviva,  general  of  the  Jesuits,    [xxv.  265] 

HAY,  EDWARD  (1761 7-1826X  Irish  writer ;  active  in 
the  cause  of  cathcdic  emancipation ;  tried  for  treason  but 
acquitted,  1798 ;  published  *  History  of  the  Insurrection 
of  County  of  Wexford,  1798,*  1808.  [xxv.  266] 

HAY,  FRANCIS,  ninth  Earl  of  Brrol  (d.  1631), 
succeeded  to  earldom,  1586 ;  joined  Huntly  [see  Gordok, 
Georqe,  1562-1636]  in  schones  for  re-establishing  Ro- 
manism In  Scotland :  his  letter  to  Duke  of  Parma  inter- 
cepted in  England  and  forwarded  to  James  YI,  1589; 
joined  in  rcbelliou  of  Huntly  and  Crawford,  and  did  not 
submit  tiU  kintir's  second  visit  (1589)  to  the  north :  im- 
prisoned on  suspicion  of  complicity  wi^  Bothwell,  1691 ; 
again  in  rebellion  after  'Spanish  Blanks'  affair,  1592; 
excommunicated,  outlawed,  and  exiled,  1593;  defeated 
king's  troops,  but  was  severely  wounded,  1594 ;  his  castle 
at  Slalns  destroyed  by  the  king,  1594 ;  persuaded  by  Lennox 
to  leave  Scotland,  1594 ;  detained  at  Mlddelbnrg ;  returned 
secretly,  1596 :  restored  and  absolved  on  abjuring  popery, 
1597  ;  commissioner  for  union  with  England,  1602 ;  ex- 
communicated and  imprisoned  at  Dumbarton,  1608; 
absolved,  1617.  [xxv.  255] 

HAY,  GEORGE  (</.  1588X  controversialist :  minister 
of  Eddlestone  and  Rathven :  preached  with  Knox  In  Ayr- 
shire, 1562 ;  disputed  with  abbot  of  Crossraguel,  1562 ; 
moderator  of  the  assembly,  1671 ;  published  work  against 
the  Jesuit  Tyrie,  1576 ;  dq>uty  to  council  at  Magdeburg, 
1577.  [xxv.  258] 

HAY,  Sir  GEORGE,  first  Earl  of  Kiknoull  (1572- 
1634),  lord  chancellor  of  Scotland:  gentleman  of  the 
bedchamber,  1696  ;  knighted,  e.  1609 ;  clerk-register  and 
a  lord  of  session,  1616 :  supported  five  articles  of  Perth  ; 
lord  high  chancellor  of^  Scotland,  1622-84;  created 
Ylscount  DuppUn,  1627,  Earl  of  Kinnoull,  1633 ;  resisted 
king's  regulations  for  lords  of  session  (1626),  and  upheld 
precedency  over  archbishop  of  St.  Andrews,  [xxv.  259] 


.,  GEORGK,  seventh  EARL  op  Kittkoull  (d. 
1758X  u  Ylscount  DuppUn  M.P.,  Fowey,  1710 ;  created 
peer  of  United  Kingdom,  1711;  succeeded  as  earl,  1710; 
suspected  of  Jacobitlsm,  1715  and  1722;  British  ambas> 
sador  at  Constantinople,  1729-37;  maintained  right  of 
presentation  to  parish  of  Madderty  in  ecclesiastical  courts, 
1789-40.  [xxv.  260] 

HAY,  Sir  GEORGE  (1715-1778),  hiwyer  and  politi- 
cian ;  of  Merchant  Taylors'  School  and  St.  John's  (Col- 
lege. Oxford:  D.C.L.,  1742:  chancellor  of  Worcester, 
1751-64;  dean  of  arches,  judge  of  prurotrative  court  of 
(.Canterbury,  and  chancellor  of  diocese  of  Londou,  1764-78; 
vicar-general  of  Canterbury  and  king's  advocate,  1755-64; 
M.P.,  Stockbridgc,  1754,  Calne,   1757,  Sandwich,    1761, 


Newoastle-ander-Lyme,  1768;  a  loid  of  the  adButto, 
1756-65:  judge  of  admiralty  court,  1773-8;  knigbtad, 
1773 ;  Intimate  «ith  Hogarth  and  Garrick.    [xxv.  tto] 

HAY,  GEORGE  (1729-18UX  Roman  catholic  taidiop 
of  Daulls  and  vioar-apostolio  of  the  lowland  district  d 
Scotland ;  Imprisoned  for  Jacobltism,  1746-7 ;  becsae » 
Romanist,  1748;  entered  Scots  College  at  Rome,  ITftl; 
despatched  with  John  Geddee  [q.  v.]  on  Scottish  w^ 
slon,  1719 ;  bishop  of  Danlis  in  parttbui  and  coadjotor  ii 
Bishop  James  Grant  [q.  v.],  1769 ;  vioar^aportoUc  d. 
lowland  district,  1778 ;  his  lumitare  and  Ubraiy  boni 
in  protectant  riots  at  Edinburgh,  1779 ;  went  to  Robk  to 
get  plan  for  reorganising  Scots  ColkgeBanctianfld,  1781; 
had  charge  of  Scalan  seminary,  1788-93,  and  foaDM 
that  of  Aquhortiee,  whither  he  retired,  1802 ;  pobB^al 
tbeologioal  works,  edited  by  Bishop  Stnln,  1871-1. 

[xxv.  261] 

HAY,  GEORGE,  eighth  Marquu  of  Twbddau 
(1787-1876X  field-marshal;  succeeded  to  tttle,  U04; 
served  in  SlcUy,  1806,  the  PeninsolA,  1807-13,  sad 
America,  1818 ;  wounded  at  Busaoo,  1810,  and  Yittari% 
1813,  also  at  Niagara,  1818,  where  he  was  cantonl: 
governs  of  Madras  and  commander  of  troon,  1842-6: 
general,  1864;  fiekl-marshal,  1876;  K.T.,  inO:  GXLB, 
1867 ;  representative  peer  of  Scotland  and  knd-Ueatesaik 
of  Haddingtonshire ;  agricultural  reformer  andpcnUeil 
of  Highland  Society.  [xxv.  261] 

HAY,  Sir  GILBERT  (>f.  1466X  I>oet  and  twiirirtg; 
knighted;  sometime  chamberlain  to  Ohartei  TII  if 
France ;  afterwards  resided  with  Earl  of  Calthnrsi.  sii 
translated  from  French  Bonnet's  *  Buke  of  Battaiki,'  aho 

*  The  Buke  of  the  Older  of  Knyghthood ' ;  tranilatai  tki 
spurious  Aristotelian  *  Secietum  Secretonun '  as  *  Bnke  if 
the  Govemannce  of  Princes';  rendered  into SooClish ifV 

*  Buke  of  the  (Conqueror  Alexannder  the  Gieat.* 

[xxv.  2H] 
HAY,  JAMES,  first  Earl  of  Oaruslx,  fint  yBoooT 
DoxcAetTKR,  and  fint  Barok  Hat  {d.  1636),  oourtiv: 
came  from  Scotland  to  England  with  James  I ;  kaigtalii 
and  became  gentleman  of  the  bedchamber ;  reoMi 
numerous  grants  of  land,  and  (1607)  the  hand  d  m 
heUess ;  K.B.,  1610 ;  master  <rf  the  wardrobe,  UU: 
created  baron  fbr  life,  though  wltboot  a  sest  is  il 
Lords,  1606,  Baron  Hay,  1615,  Viscount  Doocsster,  IIU; 
and  Earl  of  (Darll^  1622 ;  married  Lucy  Perry  [see  Bit. 
Lucy,  Counthbs  of  Carlible],  1617 ;  sent  on  vimm 
to  Heidelberg  and  the  imperial  court,  1619-20;  wmr 
mended  war  on  behalf  of  king  of  Bohemia :  cnny  fc 
Paris,  1623,  to  Lorraine  and  Piedmont,  1628 :  Mtwiij 
rejection  of  Richdieu's  terms  for  marriage  of  Huuyi 
Maria ;  advocated  war  with  Spain,  16S4,  and  samttf 
Huguenots,  1628 ;  celebrated  for  splendid  bospitamr. 

[xxv.M] 

HAY,  JOHN 
with   protestants 

Scotland,  1579 ;  professor  of  theology 
at  Toumon,  1581 ;  rector  of  college  at  Pont4rX< 
published  *■  (]lertalne  Demandos  concerning  the  (SuiMiM 
Rdiglon  and  Discipline,  proposed  to  the  Miaiila  « 
the  new  pretended  Kirk  of  Scotlande,*  1580,  abo  'K 
Rebus  Japonlcis,  Indicls  et  Peruvianis  Bpistoic  n«; 
Uorcs,*  1605 ;  edited  Sisto  da  Siena's  *  BibUotbeoa  flsDCta 
1591.  [xxv.KTj 

HAY,  SIR  JOHN,  Lord  Barra  (<f.  1654X  Sccg* 
judge;  town-clerk  of  Edhiburgh:  lord  cleric  itg^ 
1683 ;  ordinary  lord  of  session,  1634 ;  as  nvroitof  Bib* 
burgh,  1637,  tried  to  present  petitions  against  nev  pn|V- 
book ;  obliged  to  take  refuge  In  England ;  impriiopriy 
his  return,  1641 ;  tried  by  a  parliamentary  eonnirii^ 
1642 ;  captured  at  Philiphaogh ;  his  lifte  saved  ty  i■U^ 
ventlon  of  Lanark,  1646.  [xxv.  MS] 

HAY,  JOHN,  second  Earl  and  first  Mabqiv  tf 
TWKRDDALE  C1626-1697X  lord  chancellor  of  Seottaad: 
joined  Charies  I  at  NotUngham,  1642,  bat  fooflit  ■ 
parliament  at  Marston  Moor,  1644,  on  aoooont  d  p 
attitude  towards  covenanters ;  held  command  iDUtf 
of  *the  engagement'  party,  1648 ;  saoceaMl  as  IMV 
Earl  of  Tweeddale,  1664 ;  imprisoned  for  snppoit  ■ 
James  Guthrie  [q.  v.],  1660  ;  president  of  the  eoooA 
1603  :  extraordinary  lonl  of  soMkm,  1664 ;  used  InfliMa* 
us  church  commistiioner  to  modnrate  proceedings  H!^ 
covenanters ;  flismii^sed  from  office  and  privy  cooadl  fef 
advice  of  Lauderdale,  1674  ;  readmitted  to  lieaiurj.  Ifl^ 
and  the  council    1682 :  chancelloc  o<  Seoliand  IMM; 


(1546-1607),  Scottish  jesnlt ;  diipaH 

at  Strasburg.  1676 ;  ordered  lo  kM 

rofessor  of  theology  and  dean  d  aik 


4 


691 


HAYDON 


fopporied  revolatioo  in  Scotland:  created  Marqaii  of 
Tvr«;«ddale,  1694;  as  high  comminioner  ordered  inquiry 
Into  Glencoe  maaeacre,  1695 :  dismissed  from  clianodlor- 
ship  for  supporUng  Darlen  scheme,  1696.        [xxt.  268] 


councillor,  1768 ;  succeeded  to  earldom,  1768:  ambassador 
cxtraonlinary  to  Portugal,  1769 ;  chancellor  of  St. 
Andrews,  1766.  [xxt.  276] 


Lord  JOHN  (rf.  1706X  brigadier-general: 
son  of  John  Hay,  second  marquis  of  Tweeildale 
[q.  T.]  ;  commanded  Soots  dragoons  (Soots  Greys)  under 
lurlbovDiigb ;  died  of  ferer  at  GourtraL         [xxv.  270] 


,  JOHN,  second  Marquis  op  Twekddale  (1646- 
iniX  eideft  sod  of  John  Hay,  first  marquis  of  Tweeddale 
[q.  T.3  :  created  privy  conncUlor,  1689 ;  succeeded  to  title, 
1697 :  high  oommisskmer  to  Scottish  parliament,  1704 ; 
leid  efaaneellor,  1704-6 :  led  tguadrone  tokuttey  but  ulti> 
natdj  supported  the  onion ;  representatlTe  peer,  1707. 

[xxv.  270] 
HAT,  JOHN,  titular  Earl  or  IxvKRyBa8(1691-1740X 
Jseofaite ;  brother  of  George  Hay,  seventh  earl  of  Kinnoull 
tq.  T.] ;  employed  by  his  brother-in-law  Mar  in  preparing 
Jieobftla  outbreak  of  1716  ;  made  governor  of  Perth ;  went 
to  Tnace  to  nrge  the  Chevalier  James  Bdward*s  im- 
■aiUng,  1716 ;  master  of  the  horse  to  tbeGbevallcn' 
■dward :  Joined  St.  Germains  ooart ;  revealed  Mar's 
Hrtdly,  and  saooeeded  him  as  secretary,  1724  (removed, 
atf);  enfttod  Earl  of  Inverness,  1726.  [xxv.  270] 


.,  JOHN,  fourth  Marqdis  or  Tweehdals 
(tf.  17tSX  succeeded  to  title,  1716 :  extraordinary  lord  of 
■■km.  1721 :  representative  peer,  1732 :  secretary  of  state 
lor  SeotlaDd,  1742-6 :  lord  justice-general,  1761. 

[xxv.  271] 
HAT.  Lord  JOHN  (1793-1861),  rear-admiral:  lost  his 
Mfc  arm  in  Hyferes  Roads,  1807 :  commanded  squadron  on 
MCih  ooast  of  Spidn  during  civil  i^-ar :  O.B.,  1887 :  rear- 
sdmizal,  1861:  M.P.,  HadiUngton,  1826-90,  Windsor, 
1947 ;  a  lord  of  the  admiralty,  1817-60.  [xxv.  372] 


r,  SIR  JOHN  (1816-1892),  Australian  stotcsman ; 
XJL  University  sad  King's  (College,  Aberdeen,  1884: 
■risrated  to  New  South  Wales,  1838:  member  of  leglsla- 
tbesssemblyfor  Morrumbidgee,  1866  :  secretary  of  lands 
sad  poblic  works,  1866-7 :  member  for  Murray  division, 
lSM-44,  and  Central  Cumberland,  1864-7 :  speaker  of 
lifisKtive  aswmbly,  1862-6;  member  of  legiulative 
coandl,  1867,  and  president,  1878-92 :  K.C.M.G.,  187H. 

[Suppl.  ii.  406] 
BAT,  Sir  JOHN  HAY  DRUMMOND-  (1816-1893). 
tBie  DRuufosD-HAT.] 

HAT,  LUCY.  CouNTKW  or  Carmhlb  (1699-1660), 
besnty  snd  wit :  daughter  of  Henry  l^rcy,  ninth  Earl  of 
Korthomberland  [q.  v.] :  married  James  Hay,  first  cnri  of 
Ciriiile  [q.  v.^,  1617 ;  praised  and  adilressed  by  Carew, 
Hcrrick.SucUing,  Waller,  and  D'Avcnaut :  exercised  great 
isflnence  over  Queen  Henrietta  Maria,  and  was  intimate 
with  Strafford  and  Pym;  revealed  intended  arrest  of  the 
lie  membets :  during  civil  wars  acted  with  presby tcriuus ; 
•ettfc  in  support  of  Holland's  preparations  for  second 
aril  vsr:  intermediary  between  Scottish  and  English 
iHden ;  imprisoned  in  the  Tower,  1619-60.    [xxv.  273] 

RAT,  MARY  CECIL  (18407-1886),  novelist;  her 
ktK  (poblisbod,  1873-86)  highly  popular,  especially  in 
Aacrica  and  Australia;  the  best  known  being  *01d  Myd- 
^dton'i  Money,*  1874.  [xxv.  274] 

HAT,  RICHARD  AUGUSTINE  (1661-1736  V), 
fcottfsh  antiquary ;  grandson  of  Sir  John  Hay  [q.  v.]  of 
ms:  canon  regular  of  Saiute-Genevieve's,  Paris,  1678; 
■ttanpted  to  eirtablish  the  order  in  Great  Britain :  com- 
Pded  to  leave  the  kingdom,  1689 :  prior  of  Bernicouri;, 
414,  of  Stw-Pieiremontren-Argonne,  1696;  published 
^igine  of  Royal  Family  of  the  Stewarts,'  1722,  *Genea- 
■BRie  of  the  Hayes  of  Tweeddale,  including  Memoirs  of  his 
«*a  Times.*  privately  printed,  1836,  aitd  other  works; 
AaliBSootiaud.  [xxv.  274] 

BAT,  ROBERT  (1799-1868),  of  Linplum,  egyptologijit ;  \ 
laaUiig  member  of  Esyptian  expedition,  1826-38;  ptib- 
lUad  'Ulostratious  of  Cairo,*  1840 ;  presented  drawiugD 
soi  anttqaities  to  British  Museum.  [xxv.  276] 


r,  THOMAS,  eighth  Earl  op  Kinnoull  (1710- 
17817,  statesman  ;  eldest  son  of  George  Hay,  seventh  oari 
(tf  Kjmioall  [q.  v.] :  as  Vincouut  Dupplin  M.P.,  Cum- 
bridge.  1741-66:  oommissi<mer  of  Irish  revenue,  1741 ;  a 
ionl  of  tnde,  1746,  of  the  treasury,  1764  ;  joint-paymaster, 
1766 ;  cbanobUor  of  the  duchy  of  Lancaster,  1768 ;  privy 


r,  WILLIAM,  fifth  Baron  Ykstkr  (rf.  1676X  suc- 
ceeded as  baron,  1659;  subscribed  'Book  of  Discipline,' 
1661,  but  commanded  the  van  in  raid  against  Moray,  1666 ; 
joined  Mary  and  Bothwell  on  their  flight  to  Dunbar : 
signed  the  band  for  Marj-'h  deliverance  from  Loohlcven : 
fought  for  Mury  at  Laiigsidc,  1668;  after  1672  joined 
•  king's  party.'  [xxv.  276] 

EAT,  WILLIAM  (1695-1766),  author;  of  Glynde- 
bonmc,  Sussex ;  matriculated  at  Christ  Church,  Oxford, 
1712;  barrister.  Middle  Temple,  1723;  M.P.,  Seaford, 
1734-65:  commissioner  for  victualliug  the  navy,  1738; 
introduced  measures  for  poor  reUef ;  keeper  of  Tower 
records,  1763.  His  collected  works  (1794)  include  'Essay 
on  Civil  Government,*  *Religio  Philosophl*  (reprinted 
1881),  and  a  translation  of  MartlaL  [xxv.  277] 

HAYA,  Sir  GILBERT  dr  (d.  1330),  lord  high  con- 
stable of  Scotland,  and  ancestor  of  the  carls  of  Errol : 
at  first  faithful  to  Edward  I ;  joined  Brace  in  1806,  and 
was  granted  Slains,  c  1309,  aud  the  hereditary  oonstable- 
ship,  1309;  his  funeral  inscription  aud  effigy  recently  dis- 
covered at  Cupar.  [xxv.  278] 

HAYOAT,  JAMES  (1796-1872),  bookbtaader;  hitro- 
duced  Turkey  morocco.  [zzv.  978] 

HATDEN.  GEORGE  (/1. 1723),  musical  composer. 

[xxT.  279] 

HAYDH.  JOSEPH  (<i.  1866),  compUer  of  'Dictionary 
of  Dates*  (1841)  and  *  Book  of  Dignities '  (1861) ;  reoeived 
government  pension,  1866.  [xzv.  279] 

HAYDOOK,  GEORGE  LEO  (1774-1849).  blbUcal 
scholar;  of  Douay  and  Crook  Hall,  Durham:  interdicted 
from  saying  mads  at  Westby  HaU,  1831 ;  restcned,  1839 ; 
editor  of  the  Douay  Bible  aud  Rheims  Ttatament,  1812- 
1814.  [XXT.  279] 

HAYDOOK  or  HADDOCK,  RICHARD  (16627-1606), 

Roman  catholic  divine :  assisted  in  foundation  of  English 
college  at  Rome,  whither  he  rvtumed  as  tnaeatro  di 
Mtffi^ra  to  CHrdiniil  Allen,  159o;  friend  of  I^rsons;  dean 
of  Dublin  ;  died  at  Rome :  his  '  Accouut  of  Revolution  in 
English  College  at  Rome '  printed  in  Dodd's  *Churoh  His- 
tory.' [xxv.  280] 

HAYDOOK,  RICHARD  (;r.  1605),  phyrician  ;  of  Win- 
chester and  New  College,  Oxford  ;  fellow,  1690 ;  M.A., 
1695 :  M.U.,  1601 :  practised  at  Salisbury  ;  translated  from 
Jo.  Paul  Lomatius '  Tracte  containing  the  Artes  of  Curious 
Paintingc,  Carvinge,  and  Buildinge,*  1598.       [xxv.  281] 

HAYDOOK,  ROGER  (1644-1696),  quaker  ;  imprisoned 
and  fined  for  preaching  in  LHUcashiru,  1607  ;  disputed  at 
Arley  Hall  with  John  Cheyney  [q.  v.],  1677  :  vUited  Scot- 
land, Ireland,  1680,  and  Hollaud,  1681,  aud  subsequently 
obtained  protection  for  qiiakers  In  Isle  of  Man ;  ooUected 
writings  edited  by  J.  Field,  1700  (posthumous). 

[xxv.  281] 

HAYDOOK,  THOMAS  (1772-1850),  printer  and  pub- 
lisher ;  brother  of  George  Leo  Haydock  [q.  v.]  [xxv.  282] 

HAYDOOK,  WILLIAM  (d.  1537),  Cistercian,  of 
Whalley:  executed  for  participation  in  Pilgrimage  of 
Grace ;  his  body  found  at  Cottam  Uall  early  In  nineteenth 
centur>'.  [xxv.  282] 

HAYDOK.    [Sec  also  Hkydon.] 

HAYDOH,  BENJAMIN  ROBERT  (1786-1846),  his- 
torical painter ;  came  to  London,  1804 ;  attended  Academy 
schools  aud  Charles  Bell's  lecturer  on  anatomy  ;  his  first 
picture,  'Joseph  and  Mary,*  well  hung  at  the  Academy, 
1806 ;  visited,  with  Wilkle,  the  Elgin  marbles  in  Park 
Lane,  and  drew  studies  from  them  for  his  *]>entatus': 
offciidod  by  poHitUm  of  '  Dentatus*  in  Academy  exhibition 
of  1809  ;  awanlod  premium  for  it  byBritWi  Gallery,  1810; 
attacked  Payne  Knight  and  the  Academy  in  *  Examiner,* 
1812;  crcatal  sensation  with  'Judgment  of  Solomon* 
(Water-colour  Society),  1814;  did  much  by  his  letters  on 
the  Elgin  marbles  (1K15)  towards  determining  the  national 
purchase ;  his  •  Christ'-  Entry  into  .Feriu?alem '  exhibited 
at  Egyptian  ITall.  IS'.'u,  and  in  Edinburgh  and  Glasgow  : 
*Lazanis'  (National  Gallery;  fini^^hed  1822;  imprisoned 
for  debt  in  King's  Bench,  1822-3,  and  again  three  times 
before  1837 :  his  scheme  for  government  school  of  design 


HAYDOH 


5d2 


accepted,  1835;  compdleil  introduction  of  models  by 
starting  rival  school  at  Savile  House ;  began  lectures  on 
art  in  northern  towns,  1839:  committed  soidde  after 
failure  of  exhibition  of « ArisUdes '  and  *  Nero.*  His  later 
pictures  include  *  Punch,'  *  Meeting  of  Anti-SIarery 
Bocle^,*  and  *  Wellington  musing  at  Waterloo.*  Words- 
worth and  Keats  addresned  sonnets  to  him.  Among  his 
pupils  were  Eastlake,  the  Landseers,  Lance,  and  Bewick. 
He  pnbliBbed  works  on  historical  painting  in  Kngland, 
18S9,  the  pernicious  effect  of  anadwnles  on  art,  1889,  the 
relative  value  of  oil  and  fresco  (in  oonnectlmi  with  deco* 
ration  of  booses  of  parliamentX  18iS,  and  *  Lectures  on 
Painting  and  Design,*  1S14-6,  and  left  part  of  an  anto- 
biography.  [xzv.  S8S] 

KAYDOK,  FRANK  SOOTT  (18S2-1887),  editor  of 
*Euloginm  Hlstoriarum'  (1868);  eldest  son  of  Benjamin 
Robert  Haydon  [q.  v.] ;  committed  suicide,    [zxv.  S87] 

HAYDOK,  FREDERIOK  WORDSWORTH  (18S7- 
1886),  inspector  of  factories  (dismissed,  1867) ;  son  of 
Benjamin  Robert  Haydon  [q.  v.l :  published  '  Correspon- 
dence and  Table-Talk '  of  his  father,  1876 ;  died  at  Bethle- 
hem Hospital  [xxv.  S87] 

KATS8,  Mrs.  OATHERINE  (1690-17S6),  murderess : 
executed  for  murder  of  her  husband  in  Tyburn  (Oxford 
Street) ;  convicted  of  petty  treason  and  sentenced  to  be 
burned  alive.  [xxv.  S88] 

HATS8,  CATHERINE,  afterwards  Mrs.  Buhukell 
{1835-1861),  vocalist :  first  sang  at  8apio*s  concert,  Dublin, 
1839;  studied  under  Garcia  at  Paris  and  Ronooni  at 
Milan  ;  sang  at  La  Scala,  Milan,  at  Vienna,  and  Venice ; 
made  her  d^ut  at  Oovent  Garden  in  *  Linda  di  Ohamouni,* 
1849;  sang  in  New  York,  Oalifomia,  South  America, 
Australia,  India,  and  the  Sandwich  islands,  1851-6;  at 
Jullieu's  concerts,  1857.  [xxv.  288] 

EAYX8,  CHARLES  (1678-1760),  mathemaUdan  and 
chronologlst :  sub-governor  of  R^al  African  Company 
till  1753 ;  published  *  Treatise  on  Fluxions,*  1704,  *  Disser- 
tation on  Chronology  of  the  Beptoagint,*  1751,  and  similar 
works.  [xxv.  389] 


r,  EDMUND  (1804-1867),  Irish  judge ;  BA. 
Trinity  OoUese,  Dublin,  1885 ;  LL.D.,  1888 :  Irish  bar- 
rister, 1837 ;  Q.Om  1853  ;  Uw  adviser  to  Lord  Derby's  first 
and  second  adUninistrations ;  judge  of  queen*s  bench  in 
Ireland,  1859-66 ;  pnbliiriied  treatise  on  Irish  criminal  law 
(3nd  edit.  1843)  and  reports  of  exchequer  oases. 

[xxv.  390] 
KATX8,  Sir  GEORGE  (1805-1869X  jastice  of  the 
qneen*s  bench ;  barrister,  Middle  Temple,  1880 :  serjeant- 
at-law,  1856 ;  recorder  Ot  Leicester,  1861 ;  leader  of  Mid- 
land circuit;  justice  of  the  queen's  bench,  1868  ;  knighted, 
1868  ;  author  of  humorous  dcgy  and  song  on  the '  Dog 
and  the  Cock.*  [xxv.  390] 

HAYES,  JOHN  (1775-1888),  rear-admiral ;  commanded 
the  Alfred  at  Corufia,  1809,  AchiUe  in  Walcheren  expedi- 
tion, 1809,  and  Freya  frigate  at  reduction  of  Guadeloupe, 
1810 ;  called  *  Magnificent  Hayes '  from  liis  handling  of 
the  Magnificent  in  Basque  Roads,  1818 ;  C.B.,  1815  ;  rear- 
admiral,  1837.  [xxv.  390] 

HAYX8,  JOHN  (1786  ?-1866),  portrait-pahiter :  ex- 
hibited at  Royal  Academy,  1814-51.  [xxv.  391] 

HAYES,  Sir  JOHN  MACNAMARA,  first  barouct 
(17507-1809),  physician;  M.D.  Rheinu,  1784;  army 
surgeon  in  North  America  and  West  Indies ;  L.R.C.P., 
1786  ;  physioian  extraonliuary  to  I*riuce  of  Wales,  1791 ; 
phjF^ucian  to  Westminster  Hospital,  1793-4 ;  created 
baronet,  1797 ;  inspector-general  at  Wodwloh. 

[xxv.  391] 

EAYZ8,  MICHAEL  ANGELO  (1830-1877),  painter  ; 
secretary  to  Royal  Hibernian  Academy,  1856;  marshal 
of  Dublin:  exhibit(>d  >%ith  new  Water-colour  Society, 
London ;  pieduted  military  and  equestrian  pictures ;  acci- 
dentally drowned  in  a  tank.  [xxv.  293] 

HAYS8,  PHILIP  (1738-1797X  professor  of  music  at 
Oxford ;  sou  of  William  Hayes  the  elder  [q.  v.]  ;  Mns. 
Bac.  Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  1763 ;  member  of  Royal 
Society  of  Musicians,  1769 ;  professor  of  music,  Oxford, 
1777-07;  Mus.  Doc.  and  organist  of  Magdalen,  1777,  of 
St.  John's,  1790 ;  composed  six  ooncertos,  eight  anthems, 


songs,  glees,  an  oratorio,  and  odea ;  edited  and  oontiBBBd 
Jenkin  Lewis's  memoirs  of  Prince  William  Henry,  Me 
of  Gloucester,  1789,  and '  Harmonia  Wiocamica  *  (ITIfV 

[xxv.SIf] 
HAYS8,  WILLIAM,  the  eldar  (1706-1777X  praikMr 
of  music  at  Oxford ;  organist  at  Woroesfeer  OathsAiiL 
1731,  and  Magdalen  0>lleige,  Oxford,  1734 ;  prafsMr  d. 
music,  Oxford,  1743-77;  created  Mns.  Doo,  1749;  eoi- 
ducted  Gloucester  festival,  1763 ;  defended  Handd 
Aviaon ;  set  Colllns's  *Ode  on  the  Passlona*; 
popular  glees  and  canons.  [xxv.  M] 

HAYX8,  WILLIAM,  the  yoonger  (1743-1710X  » 
sical  writer ;  third  son  of  William  Hayes  tbe  elder  [q-v.;; 
B.A.  Magdalen  HalU  Oxford,  1761 ;  MJL  New  OoOiit, 
1764 ;  minor  canon  of  Worcester,  1765,  of  St.  Faars.ini: 
musical  contributor  to  *(}enUeman'8  Magaiinf,*  1765. 

[xxv.  Stt] 

KAYB8,  WILLIAM  (A  1794X  omitlMtogist. 

[xxv.  m\ 

HAYGABTH,  JOHN  (1740-1837),  pfayskaan ;  F.R&: 
M.B.  St.  John*8  College,  Cambridge,  1766 ;  as  phyridss 
to  Chester  Infirmary,  1767-98,  first  carried  oat  tteatiiMl 
of  fever  by  isolation,  1788 ;  afterwards  practised  at  Bstt; 
published  *  Plan  to  Exterminate  Small-pox  and  intndsBi 
General  Inocolation,*  1793,  and  other  medical  vwta: 
his  plan  for  self-supporting  savings  banks  adopted  st 
Bath,  1813.  [xxv.  391] 

HAYLBY,  ROBERT  (d.  1770  ?X  Irish  artist  in  btad 
and  white  chalk.  [xxv.  3M] 

HAYLBY,  THOMAS  ALFONSO  (1780-18Q0X  scalp- 
tor;  natural  son  of  William  Hayky  [q.  v.];  aoAriU 
busts  of  Flaxman  (his  master)  and  Thariow,and  a ii8W> 
lion  of  Ronmey.  [xxv.  SN] 


r,  WILLIAM  (1745-1830X  poet ;  of 
Trinity  Hall,  Cambridge,  and  the  MkkUe  Tsmpfe:  6W 
of  (3owper,  Bomnqr,  and  Soothey ;  published  shoobbM 
vcdumes  of  verse;  his  *  Triumphs  of  Tenmcr,*  1781,  ari 
*Triun)phs  of  Music,*  1804,  ridiculed  in  ^Budish  Byii 
and  Scotch  Reviewers  * ;  his  *  Ballads  founded  oo  Ai» 
dotes  of  Animals* (1805)  illustrated  by  Blake;  potUdsl 
also  lives  of  MUton,  1794,Cowper,  1803,  and  Bmnney,  UN; 
his  '  Memoirs '  (1833)  edited  by  Dr.  John  Johnson  (tf.  UQ) 
[q.v.]  [xxv.  311]      ^ 


\ 


HAYLS  or  HALES,  JOHN  ((f.  1679X  pottnit-i 
and  miniaturist ;  rival  of  Lely  and  S.  Cooper  [^  tJ; 
pahited  portraits  of  Pepys  and  PepyB*8  wife  and  Umg. 

[xxv.W] 

HAYXAH,  FRANCIS  (1708-1776X  painter;  dsrigsri 
illustrations  for  Hanmer's  *  Shakespeare,'  1744-4,  t^ 
Sm611ett*s  *Don  Quixote';  best  known  for  orasBaM 
paintings  at  Vaoxhall ;  chairman  of  ooounittes  of  oMM' 
tion  of  works  by  Uving  British  painters,  1710 ;  pratkH 
of  Society  of  British  Artists,  1766 :  an  originsl  soidi^ 
dan,  1768,  and  librarian,  1771-6 ;  friend  of  Bogsith  mi 
Chirrick.  [xxv.  3N} 


HAYMAH,  ROBERT  (<f .  1631  Tf\ebimmjmm :  KL 
Exeter  College,  Oxford;  governor  of  NewfoaadlsDd, d 
1635 ;  published  volume  of  ancient  and  modem  epifisn^ 
1638 ;  died  abroad.  [xxv.  117] 


HAYMAH,  SAMUEL(lB18-1886XantiqaarisB  tntar. 
BA.  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  1839;  rector  of  QsiripUsi 
and  DougUs,  1873-86 :  canon  of  Cork :  asriitri  ft 
Bernard  Burke  in  genealogical  works:  edited  ^U^i^ 
lished  (Jeraldine  Docoments,*  1870-81;  pnblisfasl  vsiki 
dealing  with  YooghaL  [xxv.  SS8] 

HAYHO  or  HAniO(<f.l054X  archdeacon  of  (3y*r    2 
bury :  often  confused  with  Haymo,  Msbop  ol  Halliuila*     * 

[xxv.l«l 

HAYHO  OF  FA^'ERHHAM  id,  1S44X  fourth  gesail « 
the  Frandscans ;  one  of  the  first  Frandsoans  lo  com  * 
England ;  envoy  of  Gregory  IX  for  oiUon  with  Ottd 
chiux2h,  1333;  general  of  Frmndsoana,  1340;  oAA 
*  Speculum  bonestatis  * ;  edited  *  Breviarinm  BansDOB': 
died  at  Anagnia.  [xzv.  3M] 


HAYHB,  THOMAS  (158S-1645X  sehoolmsiter;  3U 
Lincoln  College,  Oxford,  1613;  master  at  Herehii* 
Taylors*  School  (1605-«)  and  (Christ's  Hwpitsl.  IIN: 
benefisctor  of  Uncohi  College,  Oxford,  and  ThnusiacMs, 
Ldoestershiie ;  poblislied  theological  works.  [xxv.iW] 


n,  WJLUAH  (d.  n 

.A,  ChrM^a  Collc^  dmbridgc ; 
.t  Tajlon'  SchiKd,  1S99-IU4 ;  pu 


193  HAZELDINB 

I  hlinUtile-cuipiDtHandBikfairiiTUiillDlloniaiKla- 

SltlDnflBll):  wlthHspter  it  lotttng  of  KohiC  pui, 
} :  Ilnileunt-ailDnel.  Imt :  cominuided  lit  royaJa  Id 
'  Orimca  :  ohift  of  the  -Uff  In  north  Cbin*.  IM» ;  adld- 
I  Mnt-Kmcnl  in  Bengi],  iseu-f :  K.U.D.,  1ST3;  fmenl. 


'.   ClT^f  fli 


w[th  Cotton:  iroTamor  or 
!tt*.  IMS-O:   Ant  gmrwTKir  of  Connictlcut. 

"«loQlB,lMJ.  '  ''  ™.T.J011 

a,  JOHN  (A  i;»)-ITM>,  dnnghMmu  ud 

[«..  JUS] 
U,  JOSBPH{d.  1701).     [ShHaihs.] 
a,  JOBBFH  (ITSO-ISnXetcbD  and  enfrnnr. 


P^>«i<lMl-TO).  '  '  (xiT.mi 

tSWOKTH,  WILLIAM  (Jl.  lltt\  sirly  a 

[117.  Mi] 

X.CIIARL^(iral-18U),iniiilmtan-iMln[et 
to  PfrapectlTS.'  IHIS,  uil '  PracUcal  TreBtl* 


Inwr  ToapKlSM; 

I]  -lA 

w  MagHlnc,' 

alted  a«nnu^  INl 

U>n>UC 

lb  critloJ  luCTDdwiCJoa,  I 

R.™in«.7, 

o  Prince  Lonia  Boi 

"C 

N  Q.< 

1.  18M 

:  not 

■bar :  oonlriDutol  to 

t*rl7.- 

orxh,* 

r-a-;   aoMwrttd  Ahenl™'.   go 

□rtmi^'cl'rcnlatrfoi 

■E<. 

Ubeo 

mtlna 

111  byre 

■Qmrtolj; 

16B9-K 

Land 

c^ 

•Tbe  A 

H.  and  'Steti^haot 

land 

80 :  BiltBl  Mm.  it™ 

Btoblogtsphj. 

.  o(  »   Udy  or  Qu«llly   1 

is 

,    IMS, 

IK*) 

Tlgoiwu  atUick   on 

1    UmtHTtDK 

Ih  sir  Phmp  Fnnd,  [q.  1 

'.J    Stlenton. 

■  from 

i  ^Igl^  of 


1,'  ISM. 


[H 


31,  8ra  OSORHE  (17M-1B7H  portrait  juid 

Danber  at  AcadnO)  at  St.  Luke ;  piilntal  tor 
edfotd. 'Trial  at  Lord  William  Riuael],'  1§». 
f  Prinoeaa  Victoria  [or  King  I«pohl  and  tbe 
■don :  pAitnlt  and  UaCorlaml  painter  u  tbe 
;  HlnCcx  In  ordlnair,  1011 :  knlgbted.  ISiS ; 
U  ^tiah  ludlatlon, '  Hoiing  of  lbs  Addmi 
smed  Puibunent.'  IMg.  [iit.  309] 

at,  HK4RT 


■  dedloitnl  u  Km 
Cbclwu  Collive.  IKIO:  kiiightsl.  leis;  publiibed  (leu3) 

lelS,  and  trftct  In  farour  dT  unloD  between  Bngbind  and 


RalRnE 


5"i. 


H&TWARD,    THOMAS   (rf.  17;»?), 

•BrlUihMa»e'(17M),Trorlnled»B'galnt . 

llBb  Poetry  ■  (1710) ;  FiA.,  !7M.  [n..  3U) 

H&TWAXD,    THOMAS    (I70a-17B1X    barrialec  . 
LUiDOln'!  Idu  :  M.P„  LndgcnbaQ,  1741-7  uul  17M-«I. 


IR  THOMAS  (1T43- 1 7M),  d 


:  M.i.  irsa:  tn- 

xlel  deciphering  of  Heronla- 
ncBlmLIn  with  enjfrxvlQ^  of 

ledat  Paria.         [iit.  SOI] 


0»pllve,'  1711;  wrol 


lonhurgb-  (Iragedy),  17M 
rC17!8)torherUbell<.ini  'I 
IJKcent  to  Utopia '  (1731)  ai 


knigbUd,  17W, 


el  HiBlwjol 
iQlB'(17»7): 
>k  Dunclad,' 


7  ol  J™ 


[H 


a'{17M>di 


JL,  TH01IAS(l?Dl-17U),bMwp ._.. 

Ion:  B.A.  Ballkfl  CoUen  Oxford,  17M :  M.A. 
CoUeBC  Cambridge.  lTt7 ;  S.S.  Ounbridge, 
^n  to  Arcbbiahiqi  Blaokbome  at  Toik,  ITM ; 
Tn,  »d  anbdlBoon  of  York,  1730-91 ;  pn- 
WeaUnluter,  17JS-M,  SooUm-ell.  17»-49: 
onrtcli,l74»-«l;  pi»™p<«-to  PHnee  of  Wales 
),  17*1:  npported  J< — '  *"'' — """ —  "'" 


doubtfully  Iden 

KATWOOa,  FBANCIB  (IMS-IMS),  tnnilaWr ;  pnb. 
{1B98)  and  olber  works.  [EuppL  11. 1U7] 

HATWOOD,  ^tILLlAU(160a?-lSe^).roysl 


[■" 


T,  nei ! 
.SOI) 

a.  Bin  WILLIAM  GOOIIENOHOH,  Ant 
n-lfae),  Ilbenl  whip ;  educattd  at  WlncbeaCer 
rColkst,  Oilord:  B.A.,  IgU:  barrlKler.  Lin' 
1819,  tRunrer,  1»3;  Q.C-1B3S;  MJ-..  WdK 


9"  Chaplin"  1 
1,  Miii  ImprlM 

lis  College.  Oilonl:  M.A 
0  CharlH  1  and  Laud :   j 
H :  ejectal  from  St.  Oilea 

'E-Tb^idds, 
£I1T.  SIS] 

SATn 

1  cgl. 

'OOD, 

,upll  o(   Ml 

(ISII-lHSt),  areliltwt  and 
r.  George  Altchlwn,  B.A.; 

HAZBLUnra,  WILLIA 
ereoted  locks  on  Oaloloniaii 


I  (1761-1840),  tronfounder: 
xud  (1804-11)  and  aui^ed 
16)    and    Conway   (1^-6) 


HAZLiEHUKBT 


594 


HAZLEETTRBT,  THOMAS  C/T.  1780-1816),  mlnlataro- 
palnter,  of  Liverpool.  [xxv.  816] 

HAZLEWOOD,  COLIN  HKNRY  (18M-1876),  dra- 
matiflt  and  lowoomedian  at  City  of  London  Theatre; 
author  of  pt^ular  draman,  faroes,  and  burleeqaes. 

[zxT.  8161 

HAZT.TTT,  WILLIAM  (1778-1830),  ewayirt:  edu- 
cated for  unitarian  ministir;  heard  0(deridge*B  last 
■ermon  and  viiited  him  at  8towey,  1798;  studied  paint- 
in«r :  painted  Lamb  as  a  Venetian  senator,  1806 ;  defended 
Godwin  against  Malthus,  1807  :  married  Sarah  Stoddart, 
1808  ;  lectured  on  modem  philosophy  at  Russell  Institu- 
tion, and  wrote  parliamentary  reports ;  dramatic  critic  to 

*  Morning  Chronicle,*  1814;  contributed  to  Hunt's  *  Ex- 
aminer * ;  wrote  for '  Edinburgh  Review  *  from  November 
1814 ;  lectured  at  Surrey  Institution,  1818-90 ;  assisted 
Leigh  Hunt  in  the  *  Liberal ' ;  atUcked  Coleridge,  Words- 
worth, and  Southey  in  the  *  Chronicle,*  and  Shelley  in 

*  Table  Talk  * ;  obtained  divorce  from  first  wife,  188S ;  his 

*  Liber  Amoris*(1828)  the  outcome  of  amour  with  Miss 
Walker ;  married  Mrs.  Brldgewater,  18S4,  who  left  him  on 
his  return  from  continental  tour  of  1824-ft ;  contributed  to 

*  London  BCagazine  *  and  (1826-7)  *  (]olbum*s  NewMonthly,* 
where  appeared  his  *  (Conversations  with  Northcote*; 
appears  as  *  an  investigator  *  in  Haydon's  *  Christ's  Entry.* 
His  writings  include  *  Essay  on  the  Principles  of  Human 
Action.'  1805,  *The  Round  Table'  (from  *  Examiner,* 
1816-17),  *  The  Characters  of  Shakespeare's  Plays,*  1817, 

*  Review  of  English  Stage,'  1818,  *  Lectures  on  Englifth 
FOetB,*  1818,  *  Lectures  on  the  Dramatic  Literature  of  the 
Reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth,*  1821,  *  Table  Talk,*  1821-2, 

*  Spirit  of  the  Age,'  1826,  'The  Plain  Speaker,*  1826,  and 

*  Life  of  Napoleon  Buonaparte'  (four  vols.  1828-30) ;  his 
•*  Literary  Remains  *  issued  1836.  [xxv.  317] 

HEAD,  Sir  EDMUND  WALKER,  baronet  (1806- 
1868X  colonial  governor ;  fellow  of  Merton  College,  Ox- 
ford, 1880-7 ;  M.A.,  1830 ;  succeeded  as  baronet,  1838 ; 
poor-law  commissioner,  1841 ;  governor  of  New  Bruns- 
wick, 1847 ;  governor-general  of  Canada,  1864-61 ;  P.C., 
1867 :  D.C.L.  Oxford,  1862 ;  F.R.S.  and  K.C.B.;  edited  Sir 
G.  C.  Lewis*s  *  Essays  on  the  Administrations  of  Great 
Britain,'  and  Kngler*s '  Handbook  of  Painting.' 

[xxv.  828] 

HEAD,  Sir  FRANCIS  BOND,  first  baronet  (1793- 
1876),  colonial  governor  and  author;  brother  of  Sir 
George  Head  [q.  v.] ;  served  In  royal  engineers,  1811-26, 
being  present  at  Waterloo;  travelled  in  South  America 
as  manager  of  Rio  Plata  Mining  Association,  1826-6 ;  as 
lieutenant-governor  of  Upper  Canada,  1886-7,  quelled  a 
rising ;  K.C.H.,  1836 ;  created  baronet,  1836 ;  privy  coun- 
cillor, 1867;  contributed  to  *  Quarterly  Review';  pub- 
lished, among  other  works, '  Rough  Notes  of  Jonmqrs  in 
the  Pampas  and  Andes,*  and  lives  of  Bruce  the  traveller, 
1880,  and  Sir  J.  M.  Burgoyne,  1872.  [xxv.  824] 

KSAD,  Sir  GEORGE  (1782-1866),  assistant  commis- 
sary-general ;  brother  of  Sir  Francis  Bond  Head  [q.  v.]  ; 
served  in  commissariat  during  Peninsular  war ;  assistant 
commissary-general,  1814 ;  served  in  North  America ; 
deputy  marshal  at  coronations  of  William  IV  and  Queen 
Victoria ;  knighted,  1881 ;  published,  among  other  works, 
*■  A  Home  Tour  .  .  .  with  Memoirs  of  an  Assistant  Com- 
missary-general,* 1840,  and  translations  of  Apuleius  and 
Cardinal  Pacoa's  memoirs.  [xxv.  326] 

KSAD,  GUY  id,  1800),  painter;  copyist  of  works  of 
Titian,  Gorreggio,  and  Rubens.  [xxv.  326] 


r,  RICHARD  (1637  7-1686  7X  author  of  first 
part  of  *  The  English  Rogue  *  (1666) ;  studied  at  New  Inn 
Hall,   Oxford;    ruined   bv   gambling;    published   also 

*  Proteus  RediTivus,  or  the  Art  of  Wheedling,*  1676; 

*  The  Canting  Academy,'  1678,  'Life  and  Death  of  Mother 
Shlpton,'  1677,  and  other  works ;  drowned  at  i>ea. 

[xxv.  826] 
HSADDA,  Sadtt.    [See  Hrddl] 

HEADLAW,  THOMAS  EMERSON  (1813-1876X  judge 
advocate-general :  M.  A.  Trinity  College,  (Cambridge.  1839 ; 
barrister.  Inner  Temple,  1839,  treasurer,  1867 ;  Q.C.,  1861 ; 
chancellor  of  Ripon  and  Durham,  1864;  liberal  M.P., 
Newcastle,  1847-74 ;  judge  advocate-general,  1869-66 ; 
privy  connciUor,  1866  ;  carried  Tnutce  Act,  1K60. 

[xxT.  328] 


HENRY  (1766-1788X  Poet  and  critie: 
educated  under  Parr  at  Colchester  and  Norwich ;  friml 
of  Bowles  at  Trinity  College,  Oxford  ;  B.JL,  1786;  pab- 
lislied '  Select  Beauties  of  Ancient  English  Poetrr,  with 
Remarks,'  1787 ;  his  'Poems*  (1786)  indudod  in  DaitB- 
port's  and  Parr*s  collections.  [xxv.  32^ 

HSALD,  JAMES  (1796-1873X  Wealeyaa  philaBttae- 

eit;   M.Ph  Stockport,  1847-62;   foonder  of  Stod^ort 
firmary.  [xxv.  330] 

HBALD,  WILLIAM  MARGET80K  (1767-1837).  Rff- 
geon  and  divine ;  M.A.  Catharine  Hall,  Cambri4«^  17W: 
Ticar  of  Birstal,  1801-86;  published  'The  Bnuuolsd.' 
1789.  [xxv.  330] 

HBALDE,  THOMAS  (1724  7-1789X  physician;  XJX 
Trinity  College,  Cambridge.  1764;  F.R.C.F.,  1760:  Hw- 
▼elan  orator,  1766 ;  Oulstonian,  1768,  Croonian,  1770  ssd 
1784-6,  and  Lumleian,  1786-9,  lecturer;  F.IL&,  1770: 
physician  to  London  Hospital,  1770  ;  Greaham  proCMOi; 
1771 ;  translated  'New  Pharmacopoeia,'  1788. 

[xxT.  3101 

HEALS,  WILLIAM  (16817-1697X  divine;  cfaapWs- 
fellow  of  Exeter  (}ollege,  Oxford,  1608-10;  M.A,  IIM: 
vicar  of  Bishop's  Telgnton,  1610-27  ;  published '  Apokfit 
for  Women,*  1609.  [xxv.  331] 

HEALST,  JOHN  (d.  1610X  translator;  friend  if 
Thomas  Thorpe  (1670  7-1686  ?)  [q.  v.] ;  pnbUsbed '  PhSp 
Momay,  Lord  of  Plessis,  his  Tesu!es,^1609,  'Dlsoovciyif 
a  Newe  World*  (version  of  Bishop  Hall*s  '  Mundu  sttcr 
Gt  idem  'X  c  1609,  'Epictetns  his  Manuall  And  Oeb«  fak 
Table,*  1610,  and  '  St  Augustine  of  the  Oitie  of  God,'  will 
Vives*s  oonuncntary,  1610.  [xxv.  131] 

HSALY,  JAMES  (1824-1894X  Roman  catholic  divla 
and  humorist :  educated  at  Maynooth  ;  curate  in  Dobl^ 
1862,  and  at  Bray.  co.  WicUow,  1868 ;  administrator  4 
Little  Bray,  1867-98;  parish  priest  of  BaOybraek  ol 
Killlneiy,  co.  Dublin,  1893  tiU  death.         [SoppL  IL  408] 

HEAPHT,  CHARLES  0821 7-1881).  New  ZedMl 
official ;  son  of  Thomas  Heaphy  the  elder  [q.  v.] ;  asMA 
in  pnrohase  of  Chatham  Islands,  1840-1;  pobOM 
*  Residence  in  New  ZeaUnd,*  1842:  land  aorv^w  if 
Auckland,  1868;  chief  surveyor  of  New  Zealand,  1N4: 
received  Victoria  Cross  (1867)  for  oondnot  dming 
Maori  war  as  guide  at  Mangapiko  River,  1864; 

of  House  of  BiepresentativeB,  1867-70  ;  m issinwr  if 

native  reeervea,  1869 ;  judge  of  native  land  eoaf^Ull; 
died  at  Brisbane.  [xxv.  311] 

HEAPHT,  THOMAS,  the  elder  (1776-1886X  «Mh 
colour  painter :  exhibited  at  Water^»loor  Society,  UM-l^ 
(member,  1807; ;  painted,  on  the  spot,  WdUogloo  sad  kk 
officers  before  an  action  in  the  Feninsola;  estshHiii 
Society  of  British  Artiste,  1824.  [xxv.  30] 

HEAPHT,  THOMAS  (FraxkX  the  joai«cr(UU- 
1873X  painter ;  son  of  Thomas  Heaphy  tlae  eUer  [4.  v.]: 
exhibited  at  Royal  Academy  portraita  and  Babjert*pifllMB 
from  1881 ;  member  of  Sodety  of  British  Artists,  IW: 
invesUgated  origin  of  the  traditional  likeness  of  Gbitil: 
his '  LUceness  of  Christ,*  with  Ulustrations,  edited  bf  1I& 
Wyke  BaylisB,  1880;  published  'A  Wondofal  mH 
Story.'  [xxv.  ttti 

HEARD,  Sir  ISAAC  (17S0-1823X  Garter  YH* 
arms :  Blue-mantle  pursuivant,  1769 ;  Lanoastter  ImK 
1761 :  Norroy,  1774 ;  CUrenoeax,  1780 ;  Garter  kiar4f> 
arms,  1784 ;  Vnlghted,  1 794.  [xxv.  3H] 

HEARD,  WILLIAM  (/.  IHS),  poet  and  dianilirt. 

THfA^nwr,  JONATHAN  (18I0-1876X  dectrietaa  ii 
South  Devon  Hospital ;  patented  snbKweanic  csMs  ■■ 
thermometer  for  lead-soundings  at  sea;  aaaistod  resusnAi 
of  Sir  William  Snow  Harris  [q.  v.]  [xxv.  SH] 

HEARV,  WILLIAM  EDWARD  08M-1888X  M 
and  sociological  writer ;  of  Trinity  CoUegv,  DnbHn:  n^ 
fessor  of  Greek,  Queen's  College,  Gahray,  1849-64;  m 
professor  of  modem  history  and  literature  at  McUNoa 
University,  1864-72,  afterwards  dean  of  the  law  flMajV] 
as  member  of  legislative  council  of  Vfctoria  dgnm 
himself  to  codification ;  published  *Tbe  (3oiumw1« 
England,  its  Stnictnre  and  its  DevsiopnwBt,*  1867.  'As 
Aryan  UouteboU,'  1879,  and  otber  worka.     [»▼•  **1 


I  (or  EndnD^  Bftj  OomHuv,  ITaA- 


u  Prina  at  Wala*!  ran  .  . 


J  grocKHlj :  publtAbad  -  Eu][qule  Bt 


iia  of  Pope'i  ■  BoDclAd.' 

■HI,      THOMAS      (17M-IB17], 

fS.A. ;  miuJe  drawlnf-  '"^ 


t1  HModiKl  Saoiety ; 


if  nfty-twD  lllll>I.raUDDI>  It 

.atluulUciolQreftt  Brlt«iu,'I777-4J ;  i-ribltHUi 
Asademy,  Irfll-iaua;   hia  dnwjn^  sopinl  b 


B,  OHARLES  (lIM-lMa), cnerarn  uid  pub 


X,  DODOUa  DBKON  <1311-I»a7),  i>U»l»l 

lour  Timplc,  IBH ;  soanly  ctark  of  Ulddlaei. 
cmmtj  aoart  indgv,  Blnniiibarj  dlotrlot,  1S47- 
al  Bunl  lag*l  warm  [or  SpaldLiig'i  dlltioii 
I ;  pabllitiel  ■  DoDliiDC  of  Euf  rgj,' 
il,  bK>L,  apd  cLuilcil  williagi. 


bi  ol  ApLwtis,' 
liRY  (IIM-Iih; 
ib.tied  'Soltlntulii  h 


B,  JAUS3  (I«9fl.ieu>,  rajsLlit  lilrl 
Brier  abniolck  i 


d  Obiitt  Cliur 
B.  JAUB3  (17t/-lB94),   e 


■Ts:  pupil   Bl 


<  <jl.  llilj,  epieramDuUii 


5  HEATHBRnrOTOlT 

HXATB.  JOHN  (l7M-iai»).  Inlge:  HA.  OhtW 
Obarch,  OifnM.  IISI;  birrlntcr.  Inner  Trmplc.  1711; 
HrHHnlrU-ltw  uiil  rKorder  of  Biilci,  17I(;  judge  of 
camman  picas.  I7SU-lg|B.  [ixv.  Ml] 

HEATH,  KICHULAB  (IMl  I-IITI),  trohbliihap  of 
York  iBd  lord  chuorilor;  Mlow, Clirut'i  (Mltgt,  1111, 
ud  Clan  HsU,  Ounbridge.  IIM  ;  Sf.A..  Ittl :  DJI^  IMt: 
■nhdanoa  of  atniTonl.  lUi;  noanipwilcil  Edvaid  roi 
[q-T.lt.  "  "^ 


T  Temple,  li 
jrUndty,  ISJO: 


gamal  (1»U-11) 
Dsnisll  [q.  T.].  niHia,  aihh 
tloiLi  of  iSn-BD ;  prepufld 

IBIB;  chW-luUoi  o(  — 
lor  auppoMd  -— - 

tUO.  pElllU 


iQipcocbed  by  pi 


.(  pleu  ti 
^11,  ud 
knlghUd, 

3f  HtT. 

U  lUttiOB  iJ^  Rlfb^ 
IIH,  1611  :  rlliiiilniil 
ItU:  Ung 

,  ^ ,.._,„ uid  chlrf-i 

ISU^  dial  Lilbucne  u 

lUitiiagTiipby  Id  ■  Fblloblblon  iMclety  Uliwliuiy,'  ' 

[IK.  3«1] 

HEATH,  ROSEHT  (jl.  IGBD),  poit :  iniliar  of '  ntiint- 
*lt«-  .nJ  Qther  p«m..  Saw.  [iiv.  a«] 

HEATH,  H0BRRT(<1.  WIS).  mitliaiutioliiD ;  edllcd 

mpMjn  <]7IO'17fil)  £q.  v.]  murieilou  hval  pubUcatlobB  : 
■Ipol  to  popLilATkie  zUBlbuDHLla  lu  polodlcftla;  hli 
illsUvy  o[  Uh  IilMidi  dC  Sdlly'  {17HI)  repHbled  la 
mktrlon.  [xiY.MSJ 

HEATH,  THOUAS  (jt.  Ittt).  tBiithamntlcliii :  Irlnid 


SEATHOOAt,  JOHN  (17BJ-1SS1),  invenlot  of 
inking  nuchLkia  knovrb  ■*  the  borUacGal  plltow  u 


dcmba  ol  a»t  baud  dI  dirwun  at  Binlc  at  Knglmid, 
BM;    kDlglildl,  17U3;    ibtrttt  of   [xiDOau,  WU3 :    laid 

rbomu't  HaipitBl;   oiimiukLiloiin'  for  CIRir^a.   1731: 
'Us  U-P.  lor  Cb«  dty.  i;ui>-lD.  HcUWo.  1714.  New  I.yiii- 


RALPH     (17)l-lT0f),    dlTtne    nod 
11   College.  CanibrUlge,    171S:    D.D, 

MlikllelDniui  controveny.  17il,  vai 


Ponce's  Muniiil,'  1771, 


ILLIAU  (liet  7-lBt7\ 


HEATHEKIHOTON.      hLUXI 
uUmul  Uliiiiig   AKeiicj,  IBBT;  < 


HEATHFIEIiD 


696 


HEIiLOWES 


Yield  of  Nova  Sootla,*  1860-9,  rdflsned  1870-4  as '  Mining 
Inddhtries.'  [xxt.  3S5] 

HEATHFIELD,  first  Baron  (1717-1790).  [See 
BUOTT,  Georoe  Auoustot.] 

HEATOK,  OLBMBNT(18S4-188SX  glass-painter  and 
church  decorator ;  founded  firm  of  Heaton  &  Butler. 

[xxT.  8551 

HEATOK,  Mrs.  MARY  MAROARBT  (1836-1883), 
writer  on  art;  nee  Keymer;  married  Professor  (Tharles 
William  Heaton,  1863 ;  contributed  to  Bryan>  *  Dic- 
tionary of  Painterii  and  Engraven*;  published  *  Life  of 
DUrer,*  1870,  '  Masterpieces  of  Flemish  Art,*  1869,  and 
'  Concise  History  of  Painting,*  1878.  [xxv.  856] 


Levant  Oompany's  factory  at  Oonstantioople ;  goffcraor 
of  Bengal,  1683-4 :  failed  in  effecting  reforms  in  fiflopl; 
knighted,  1688;  sheriff  of  London,  1693;  director  of  the 
Bank,  1694 ;  his  diaiy  and  other  documents  edtitei  faf 
Sir  Henxy  Yule,  1887-8.  [xxv.  3C3] 

ESDLSY,  WILLIAM  (1779-184SX  inventor  ipatmtri 
smooth  wheel  and  rails  for  looomoiives,  1813 ;  disoonnt 
principle  of  blast-pipe ;  ini»)duoed  at  Oallertoo  coOkr; 
improved  system  of  pumping  water.  [xxv.  SM] 


REGINALD  (1783-1836), bishop  of  Calcutta ; 
of  Brasenose  GoUege,  Oxford  ;  won  prizes  for  the  English 
essay,  Latin  poem,  and  English  verse  (*  Palestine') :  fellow 
of  All  Souls*  Oollege,  Oxford,  1806 ;  incumbent  of  Hodnet, 
1807 ;  prebendary  of  St.  Asaph,  1812 ;  Bampton  lecturer, 
1815 ;  preacher  at  Lincoln's  Inn,  1833 ;  bishop  of  (Calcutta, 
1833-6 ;  completed  establishment  of  Bishop's  (College, 
Calcutta ;  travelled  in  all  parts  of  India ;  his  hymns  ap- 
peared first  in  *OhristUui  Observer,'  1811;  published 
*  Poetical  Works,*  1818,  and  also  life  and  critical  examina- 
tion of  works  of  Jeremy  Taylor  and  accounts  of  joiurneys 
through  India ;  died  at  Trlchinopoly.  [xxv.  855] 


EGBERT  TAN  (1645-1704).  painter  of 
subject-pictures ;  came  to  London  from  Haarlem. 

[xxv.  USl 
B,  LUCAS  VAN-  (1534-1684).    [See  Dk  Hbbk] 


ROBERT,  or  Robert  of  Woodwock  (4. 
1438>,  canonist  and  civilian ;  fellow  of  New  06Qege,  Ot- 
ford,  1417,  of  Winchester  (ToUage,  1483 ;  M.A.  and  LLA; 
lectured  on  first  book  of  decretals,  1413 ;  probably  autfav 
of  manuscript  life  of  William  of  Wykeham ;  beoefsctor  of 
Winchester.  [xxv.  3«i} 


L,  RICHARD  (1773-1833),  book-collector ;  half- 
brother  of  Reginald  Heber  [q.  v.] ;  M.A.  Brasenose  Col- 
lege, (Oxford,  1797 ;  intimate  with  Scott ;  candidate  for 
Oxford  University,  1806 ;  M.P.,  1831-6 ;  D.C.L.,  1833 ;  a 
founder  of  the  Athenaeum  Club,  1834 :  travelled  widely  to 
collect  books,  spending  on  them  about  100,000^;  his 
library  rich  in  choice  Kiglish  works,  the  English  portion 
being  ultimately  sold  for  56,774/. ;  edited  Persius,  1790, 
Silius  Italicus,  1793,  and  Claudian,  1793-6,  and  Cutwode's 
'  Galtha  Foetarum,*  1815.  [xxv.  857] 

HEBSRDEK,  WILLIAM,  the  elder  (1710-1801 X  phy- 
sician ;  B. A.  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  1738 ;  aeoior 
fellow.  1749:  M.D.,  1739;  contributed  to  *  Athenian 
Letters,'  1741 ;  F.R.C.P.,  1746 ;  Gulstonlan  (1749)  and 
Croonian  lecturer  (1760);  Harveian  orator  (1750)  and 
censor ;  F.ILS^  1749 ;  practised  in  London  from  1748 ; 
first  described  angina  peetoria ;  attended  Johnson, 
Cowper,  and  Warburton ;  published  at  his  own  expense 
plays  of  Euripides  edited  by  Markland,  and  Middletou's 
*  Appendix  to  his  Dissertation  on  servile  condition  of 
Physicians  among  the  Ancient^.'  His  works  (edited  in 
Gtermany  by  Soemmering)  include  *Oi>mmentarii  de  Mor- 
borum  Histori&  et  Curatione*  (transl.,  1803),  and  con- 
tributions to  *  Transactions  *  of  CibUege  of  Physicians  and 
Royal  Society.  [xxv.  359] 

EEBERDEK,  WILLIAM,  the  younger  (1767-1845), 
physician ;  son  of  William  Heberden  the  elder  [q.  v.]  ; 
fellow,  St  John*s  College,  Cambridge,  1788-96;  M.A., 
1791;  incorporated  M.A.  Oxford;  M.D.  Oxford,  1795; 
physician  at  St.  George*s  Ho^tpital,  179.3-1803 ;  F.R.C.P., 
1796 ;  F.R.8. ;  physidan  in  ordinary  to  the  queen,  1806, 
and  the  king,  1809 ;  published  miscdlaneons  works,  in- 
cluding a  flialogue  on  education,  1818,  translations  of 
Cicero's  '  Letters  to  Atticus,*  1835,  and  medical  tracts. 
[xxv.  360] 

HEGHT,  EDUARD  (1833-1887),  musical  compoeer; 
born  at  DUrkheim-on-the-Haardt ;  settled  at  Manchester, 
1854 ;  conducted  musical  societies  at  Manchester,  Brad- 
ford, and  Halifax.  [xxv.  361] 

HEDDL  HSDDI,  HEADDA,  or  JBTLA  (d.  705), 
bishop  of  Ge>K*issas  or  West-Saxons,  676 :  fixed  his  see  at 
Winchester ;  friend  of  Archbishop  Theodore. 

[xxv.  361] 

EEDDIU8,  STEPHEN  (Jl,  669).    [See  Eddi.] 

HEDGES,  Sib  CHARLES  (d.  1714),  poUtidan  and 
lawyer ;  B.A.  Magdalen  Hall,  Oxford,  1670,  M.A.  Mag- 
dalen College,  1673  ;  D.C.T<.,  1675 :  chancellor  of  Rochester, 
1686 :  judge  of  admiralty  court,  1689 ;  knighted,  1689 ; 
M.P.,  Orford  (1698-1700),  Dover,  1701,  Mahnesbury,  1701 
(November),  Calne,  1703,  We»t  Looe,  1705,  1708,  and 
1710,  Bast  Looe,  1718-14;  secretary  of  state,  1700-6; 
judge  of  prerogative  court  of  (^nterbury,  171 1-14 ;  reputed 
anther  of  *  Reasons  for  SetUng  [«<r]  Admiralty  Juris- 
diction,* 1690.  [xxv.  363] 

HEDGES,  Sir  WILLIAM  (1638-1701 X  governor  of 
Bengal ;   ooubiin  of  Sir  Charles  Hedges  [q.  v.] ;  head  of 


HEGAT,  WILLIAM  (/.  1600X  professor  of  phOB- 
sophy  at  Bordeaux  ;  native  of  Glasgow  ;  friend  of  Bobert 
Balfour  (1550 ?-1685 ?)  [q.  v.];  author  of  Latin poen 
and  orations.  [xxv.  MS] 

HSOGB,  BOBERT  (1699-1639),  author ;  M.A.OMpai 
Christi  (College,  Oxford,  1630,  probationer  fdlov,  UM;  Ui 
treatises  on  St.  Outhbert's  ohorehes  printed,  1777. 

[xxv.W] 

EEIDSGGSE,  JOHN  JAMBS  (1669  ?-1749X  opcntk 
manager:  the*SwlssCount*of  the 'Tatter  *  and*  Oomt 
Ugly'  of  Fieldiiig*s  ^Pleasures  of  the  Town';  mansfri 
Italian  opera  at  Baymarket,  1713,  for  Royal  Aoadeoiral 
Music,  1730-8 ;  at  the  Haymarket  in  partnership  wiik 
Handel,  1738-34,and  alone,  1737-8 ;  carried  on  masqooida 
and  *ridottos*;  entertained  George  II  at  Bam  Etas; 
caricatured  by  Hogarth.  [xxv.  387] 

HXIOHAK,  Bib  CLEMENT  (<f.  1670X  jodge:  r» 
rister,  Lincoln's  Inn,  autumn  reader,  1638  and  1547,  nl 
governor ;  privy  oouncillor  and  speaker  of  House  of  Oni- 
mons  under  Queen  Mary ;  knighted,  15M ;  lord  chief  tam 
of  the  exchequer,  1558-9.  [xxv.  316] 

HEIOHAK,  JOHN  (/t.  1689X  Roman  oatboliepilBiff. 
vnriter,  and  translator;  his  '  Devoat  BxpoMoa  o(  Iki 
HoUe  Masse  *  0614),  edited  by  A.  J.  Rowley,  1876 :  naim 
of  Luis  de  hi  Paente*k  'Medltatiooa  on  the  Myitoisif 
our  holie  Faith,*  reprinted,  1869.  [xxv.  Ml] 

EEIOHnrOTOK,  MOSGRAVE  (1690-1774 ?X  ■iii' 
oal  composer:  of  Qoeen's  CoUege,  Oxfocd;  argiadsi^ 
Yarmouth,  Leicester,  1739,  and  the  episcopal  di^ii 
Dundee,  bctfore  1760 ;  member  of  Spalding  Society;  cm 
posed  *  The  Enchantress '  and  odes  of  Anaorom  m 
Horace.  [zzv.  W] 


SEINS,  JOHN  THEODORE  0733-1771).  -^ 
draughtsman,  and  pabiter :  painted  minlatare  of  Oovptrt 
mother,  which  occasioned  uowper's  poem  *Onreeelpt« 
my  mother*s  picture.*  [xxv.  M] 

HELB,  Sir  JOHN  (1565-1608),  serjean^t-law ;  IM 
reader  at  Inner  Temple ;  reoordcr  of  Exeter,  IfM-liMi 
and  M.P.,  1693-1601 ;  serjeant-at-law,  1684;  qaBealv* 
jeant,  1603 ;  knighted,  1603 ;  einhloyed  at  Bakgb'km 

Plymouth. 


1603 :  founded  boys'  hospital  at 


[xxv.lW] 


hIlE  or  HELL,  THOMAS  D*  (1740  M780)^  [E«  ^ 

Halbb.]  J 

HELLIEK,    HENRY  (1668  ?-1697).  divine;    Xi-  '  i 

Ckyrpus  (Hiristi  College,  Oxford,  1688,  IXD,  169T,  tJ*  -Z 

president  at  his  death;  published  *  Treatise  cooennf  :-j 

ScUsm  and  Schismatlcks,^  1697 :  oommitted  suloida  ^5 

[XXV.  3»1  £* 

HELUVS,   JOHN   (d.    1887),  matbematidsn  ail  € 

astroncnner;  assistant  in  Greenwich  Observatocy;  vk*  a 

of  Potterspury,  1790 ;  B.D.  Trinity  College,  <)m*™5  1 

1800  :F.RJS.,  1796;  Copley  medalUstfiorsolotkm  of  pnM  ^ 

hi  physical  astronomy,  1798 ;  poblished  *  MaOmtAA  ^ 

Essays,'  1788 ;  made  calculations  for  war  oflloe,  18N.  J 

[XXV.  1711  < 

HELL0WS8,  EDWARD  (JL  1574-1600X  traadstv; 
groom  of  the  chamber,  1597 ;  translated  worksof  OQewa 

[xxv.  371] 


EEHOHllAN 


U,    TU0UA3  (d.  l«le).      [See   Tcnhtul, 

3SS,  THOUftS  (ISll-lBM),  muiiol  wi 
scr:  K.A.  UAgdxlFd  HhU,  OitorJ.  IMS;  I 
IMO)  ud  iiiwenlor  ol   i<t.  Mark'i  GoU 


.y  CdUcke,  Subltn.  IT 


It  ■  UKlana  on  Kilural  PbltoKiphj 

IKlbllu 

EDWARD  f  A  HM>, 
4SS:  mwDbtrofOniy 
Iwj-alq...] 

-.-'K 

^Ki" 

SlK  OZRT.^B  (15Bl-iaiS),  lieuti 
lephaw  of  Thoauu  Htlars  [t|.  v.] 

Cumbiiilgc,  End  LLnmlD'E  Inn ;  lie 
,  WU-J5;  copilBctal  torenn!  of 
1, 1«16  ■,  bMKfd  OD  Tna-er  RiU  (or  CO 
ii  ThoDiu  OvcrbDry  <  tiai-ieiS)  [q 

or  et. 

.Imond 
nplloltj 

1'Pav.xini 


ir  ReUgion;  lElS. 


pDbllsbol 

.  .IT.  B7»l 

KUTUHiN  BOH.CHHISTO  PHEH  (1767-1 HM), 
pi^Elauui :  Bdh  wn  or  Jobu  Hdy-HutcliiDiau 

uiliiiiKiit).  I79e ;  u  a  To1uut«r  lUitlDgalihcd 

(1M)I)  eipedlUDiu;'  Ueataunl-cDloDel,  leui : 


i   RirlBU 


[i» 


a  mnb  parliD 
t»,BnJ  V.Bb 


I  *OomD»raa]  Rcvtrntj^li 


JOBK.Bnt  tlAH 


jctcrombT  In  Bnrpt: 
t.pturoJ  (IB01)i;aini 


Enmmi '  (Sreelc  and  Uilin)  ii 

BEKAHS,  PRAFtLES 
Bpcretnry  aiui  lihrariiui  of  Bi 
Jo^ :  died  4t  LuociL 

BBMAH8,  FBUCIA  DOROTHEA  (1T9S-ISM). 


'  Biriuphi  DO  £mm[B.' 

[HT.  Ml 

9ID0RE  (mi-lS7(>,  ■ 
thai  Hcmus  [q.  T.]^  t 
flifih  ArcbicolOHical  Sod 
Romia  hlitor;  uid  ush 


I  ■  Tlirm  HlrtorlM.' 


y  land«;  ■  TUB  Font 


EEICKG,  EDMUND  |/l.le»XpioJector. 

[I  IT.  8841 

HEMTKODr  HEHKIMHE,  JOItN(i<.  U>ll),aaor  ud 
Mrlltoro(Hji!HrilfollcpnrShikmp™n;;  pliyed  In  Kl^ 
[oiiry  iV,  P»rt  1  (<aU  ta  li«»f  bten  the  oflglniil  F»l(taff), 
lid  in  plflj-*  Dl  Em  Joiisuii ;  bcfura  Bliisl»lb-»  dfntb  n  cblei 
roprieur  of  IHobo  Theatre  nii.l  cloMly  HuociaUd  wltb 
hakaiKire ;  wltb  lleary  CmdoU  {a.  1«»7)  [q.  t.  " ' ' 


HEHnrO-  or  HEMKIXOS, 


(A  iai»\ 


■LoTO  and  RfifaiBB.'  Mid  reprinMl  ai  'Tbe   Eunanh- 
(l«8T).aQd-TlH'Jeu.-raTngeily'(]6ei),        [»>'.  3811] 
EZKHrOFOKD  nr  HXKDIOBIISaB,  WALTEIl  PS, 

-""■■- "■" "  ""■'  -■■ — '-'-ruidiDb- 

lOtO-IMS) 


IN  (A  iaw>,ohron(c 


[J 
(;f.  1099),  cbranlcler;  sub-prior  ol  Wor- 
rceatfl  I'butuluy  allied  by  Bearnr,  1713. 

CHARLES    or    OABL     FllEDBniOK 

(1H11-I8DT),  miulml  ccrmpoAet:  ^ou  ol  Cliailea  WllUam 
Hampd  [g.  r.] ;  Mui.  Doc.  Oitord,  ISsl :  orgnnlat  al  at. 
Mary's.  Tmn,  uid  St.  Jotao'i  e[^>»p(il  cliurdb,  Fcnb  : 
pubfiabud  AODE* and ptt"*  -•"^'  -" .■.*.._..  ,___^._,_. 


d  put  ot  ■  TLs : 
HEMFKL,  OHARLBS  WILLIAM  (1777-1  MS), 


IW] 


i.A~  GIUED'.  171G, 
layney,  Alona; faun 
Jbscrtptlou.  IJSJ-tt. 
SSNOKKAK, 


impUsU 


[" 


_.,    (II»3-16J8),  bllhop  or 

OhrtafB  Oolli^.  Cnnihridgft  101(1;  D.Dt 

ot  SsUibury.  lB9i,  and  reolor  ol  lile  o!  Portland  ;  de- 
prlrnA  during  nbeUlon  ;  aailated  Clurlei  II  to  acapc 
tltcrWoriHlcT,  lUl ;  blibopol  SalUbury,  litOS;  UdIe 


HENOHKAK 


rPritoreiS  i:AtbDdxi1  uDd  pa 


lorel>uildl 


ot  SI 


BBtepnlace.iDdOInn  Hall. 

SBSOBMAX.    HDMrHRKT  (lMe-ir3»),  dvlltan; 

S«nilKio  ol  Humphrej  Htnclimfln  {liW-lMB)  [q.  ».] ; 
.A.  CbrLit  Cb^ircli,  Oilonl.  lit*  :  D.C.L.,  1703  :  frWiDil 
d(  AtHrBurj' ;  ohuicellgr  of  Hodjwttr,  irn.  Loiidpo, 
1T]( ;  couiuel  for  SAChcverdl  and  Agatiut  UtlMoo. 

HZirDKRI.ABII,  Loud  (i;)e-lTfie>.     [Sin  Huhbit, 


lsg>:  ruUng  ip 
Bnt -BanlerAi 


w  [inyer  book.  Ml  i  pnniotcd  r 
ktrftacqutLiut  flpUoopi«i  1037  ^  onvot  prabytcilBQ  Hhn- 
■nlMa  of  four :  prrpand  mi  nad  In  Onjlilan.  Edln- 
boish,  tlw'mtlaiul  comuaVlWi  arattd  bargeu  of 
Dnudn  Icr  pablic  HnrlDSI,  ItM ;  modnrntw  at  QIubow 
BuKmbli;  (lOUX  "blEb  laid  down  litia  of         '    -    ' 

rtl  kt  Sdlnbarvhunmbly  wbl 
t,'  lug  :  enUnl  SagluiA  with 
ing  nnn^.  IHU ;  ungoUltel  troitj'  of  IMl  1  u 
Bdlnburgh  DoiTenilty  (mO-«),  iiitrodnHid  U 
Hebrew  and  ■  dnln ' :  u  inodentor  ol  St.  An 
•einl.Lj(16ll)pfopii»d  oonfeaLon  o(  fKlMi,  c»l« 
dlrrvUirTaf  u-ort&lp;  clMpliUa  to  Charlnl:  i 


IW] 


lejaad  tbfl  eoroDfltit .    . 

4H)  repilntcd,  ITfll;  *3emuHii 
edited  bf  R.  T.  HirUii,  18(7 
in '  or  donbttul  Bathentleltjr. 

ALEXAHDEB(i;80>iees),  pby!<lalui ; 

il^e  neroLiiuaua  oF  Mlniloil  Scloiia '  (trsn»- 
Csbiuili).  ISW,  ud  •  Hlatsry  of  Aucleiit  ssd 
DM.'  181*.  [«v.  Mi) 

(A  >ru-l?7t),  BDtlioriuid 


poll  Inn  police, 
deparlnicr'-  ' 


HENBAQB 


1;  O.B..  IBSB:  cbM 


*S-6.  b) 


Ivrnity  ; 


vbD  Hsi  an  IfyEwitiHH '  (i74lt). 

HERDEBBOV,  AKDRBW  (i;BS-tSU>,GlBVtow  por- 
tnit-p&inter;  eiblbiud  ill  Bcottlib  Acodon)',  18ta-3U: 
publlsliBl  ■aooctlili  ProveriK,-  wilb  olcliluga,  1831;  un- 
llibulol  la  tbe  '  li^nl  ol  Logan,'  [kit.  3Ile] 

HZNDERSOn,  CHARLES  GOOFBEt  (WS-U77), 
equestrian  pnluter  and  elcbci :  broUier  or  Jahn  HeoderHni 
(LJ97-IBJ«)[<i.''.]  [n».3»«] 

HEMIIKKSOII.  BBEKEZKB,  Ibc  tider  (1781-180), 


nfigtad  m  fult  .     ,  .     . . 
It  rntoltw  Baun  rioU.  IIH 

tSop|il.U.»] 

HEITSESBON.  OEORGB  <178*-l8Uh  U«Bnift- 
toJoneU  Tt^tl  on^imrfl ;  difltin^itbed  In  FcBbwilirnr, 
.BIl-ll:  tIeulaiHnl-colmel.  K.B,,  ISM;  wnprriBtatat 
md  director  ol  London  nod  Boulb-WetUn  BiUwif. 

[HT.IWI 

BEXSZKSOV,  JAMBS  (178>?-1M8>.  po^itt*! 
rrllfr :  caaiul-Keccnl  tor  Ookmibu ;  PJLS..  ini;  piN 
lehed 'Hieiori  or  the  Bruir  (18K1,  udivrkxHi  Bi»l>; 
lledatM«Wd.  [m,»] 

SEHSERSOIT.  JOHN  (I'l''"").  'U>e  fklt 
fiDKlBs';  Hppesnd  DsdB  nUK  at  Ourtae;  it  Bttb  h 
Junlet,  1773;  played  Bbyloek  al  Hiymarint,  IITT,' 
ippeared  at  Draiy  Idno.  1;t;-1.  and  aabcsqnaitty  •! 
>innil  Ourdcii,  and  cbM  ptorlndal  Inwiu :  csuidnt 
leeoDd  only  Id  Oinlek:  itfudal  vltb  Janloiay  4 
ilm;   nmong  bin  beet  parti,  BhTloek,  Sir  QSa  On- 


b  ktiowleil^  of  n 
•d  Haanab  Hon  ora  F 


IRS  {17SO-1S9T),  phllanOm>l»il: 
Tymiter  dimi  our  jDdta  mercliaiit;  for  twoitj  jm 
Diitrlbatol  OTer  B0,DU07,  aaaiifdly  to  nllgloiu  and  clUrii- 
bis  Kbnnoi:  loundiid  Eiaiigelical  Alliamc;  tain 
ppooeut  or  Sandiy  trarelUiie.  {ti^.  W 

HXNDBKBOir.  JOHN  (17*7-I87S).  art  collnur  -i 
rchBologist;  M.A,  BilHol  Oollefe.  OiforO,  18»;  !»■ 
iinir.hnl  Arttliultlefl  to  Oxford  UnlvvFAl^,  vatff-cctet 
KlBiii.  elB&a.  and  nianiiwrlpt*  to  tout 
-— -Gallery.     [iir.Wl 


leotloDS,  pomUlii. 
worn,  aod  ploluns 


.r  HXnXTSflA,   ROBBBT  (Itnv 


navli,  Itiiwia,  and  Icciand.  ni 


0.  Kiel.  ISia ;  pf 
Id  ten  laugungvfl ;  IIVFil  & 
HlBlilwr)'  fJoilego,  1K<U- 
Hnrew  and  aoocKinu  of 


HHDXKSOK,  EBBKKZSR,! 

Mchaalciao  and  aatbor ;  uepben  .  _ . 
Jw  elder  Tq.  v.1 ;  ooDMciulcd  an  orrei 
rlwk,  181?,  and  wbedi  to  ihaw  eldBK 
lilHd  tnatiM  on  bonlDgy  aod  aatn 


d  fiDck'i  "Tlieolafflcal 

[«T.  »17] 
e  younger  (180«-J871}, 


sEmxHBoir 

1«0«?).    [See  HBlTihos.j 

BBOir,  THOMAS  ClIM-1844),  __  . 
Karl  ot  J^nderdale  and  Lord  Jeffiv, 

asaatrODOmer  royal  at  ttKOap*(lB»-S)<' 

and  Blela'i  Bometo,  aod  (IBll)  traualt  u  «nw 
covered  llTBt  aathtntie  Qa»  of  annual  nanUai  fa  i 
itar ;  F.R.AA,  1831;  P^&B,  IBtO;  tint SoatUifa  utR 
loyil  and  prafmorof  practical  aftroDOfay  at  Edia 
18>4-44;  BdinbiiraliobMrTatlDupabU>bed,ISH4i 
(oditol  by  Haul  fimytb),  1M3-S*.  ' —  '" 

HEVSEXBDn,  WILLIAM  (1810-1871).  H 
patblet:  a.D,  EdinbarBU,  18J1;  etndlol  abo  il 
Berlin,  and  Vicuna;  pbytldan  to  Bdinbm^Ii 
Hospital,  IB33:    palbologlal  to  RojtiI   iQBnniiT 


WILLIAM  (IMl  t- 

PambKit*  College,   c—"-"—    " 
Jamci'a.  Clerk--—" 


HEXXAOZ,    GBOnOB  (d.  1U«>, 


LL.B.  CambiUtt.  ^"'■ 


director!  of  prijocu  aud 


I,  I8ei;  eugagid  on  boundary 
I  and  New  Bruoawlck,  l»«-8 ;  i 
— -   -  lrt^alu^  IMO-ei:  c 


tdlow  of  St.  Jobn'a  College,  Uambild 


man  of  |  iH»rd> 


I  Wigan,  IftS; 
__     broCber.  (.  U78; 
wltb  OambrUffe  ncorda. 


■; ,  un,  TMl- 

tUdKetartUui 


HENSAGB 


599 


HENBIETTA   ANNE 


r,  HENRY  WILLIAM  (1862-1881 X  namte- 
n  of  Arthur  Henfrey  [q.  v.]  ;  principal  work, 
A*  OromwieUiaiia,'  1877.  [zxr.  410] 


Sir    THOMAS,   the   dder  (d.   16M), 
usher    to  Wolaey,  and  of  priry  chamber ; 
IM7.  [XXV.  407] 

(LOS,  Sir  THOMAS  (d.  1595),  vicoHihamber- 
aeen  BUzabeth:  nephew  of  Oeoree  Heneage 
JP.,  Stamford,  1558,  Boston,  1562,  Llnoolnshire,  | 
1  Bnex,  1585-95 ;  treasurer  of  queen's  chamber,  i 
hted,  1577 ;  keeper  of  Tower  records,  c  1577 ; 
oommisrtons  to  try  Lopes,  1594,  and  others;  • 
Mil.  Basex  ;  sent  to  Low  Cknmtries,  1586  ;  pay-  '■ 
forces.  15S8  ;  Tloe-chamberlain,  1589  ;    privy 
lft89 ;  chancellor  of  Lancaster,  1590 ;  friend 
Batlon,  and  John  Foze.     .  [xxt.407] 


r,  ARTHUR  (1819-1859X  botanist :  F.L.&,  : 
'Of  botany  at  King's  College,  Ltmdon,  1858:  i 
'Bementary   Course  of   Botany,'   1857,   and  ' 
malatiotu:  edited  (with   Huxley)   *Scientlflo 
18S7,  *  Micrographic  Dictionary,'  1854  (with 
1th)  and  Francis's  *  Anatomy  of  British  Ferns,* 

[xxv.  409] 


or  HnrOHAK,  RALPH  db  (d.  1811), 
lancellor  of  Exeter,  1275-9:  justice  of  king's  ' 
ro,  of  common  pleas,  1272;  chief-ju«tice  of 
ch,  1274-90 ;  dUmisaed  and  heavily  tlued  :  the 
iooally  applied  to  building  a  tower  in  Palace 
ef-justice  of  common  pleas,  1801 ;  puisne  judge, 
ited  author  of  *  Hengham  Magna  '  and  *  Heug- 
^'  edited  (1616)  by  Sekien.  [xxv.  410] 

I8T  id.  488\,  joint-foonder  with  his  brother 
.  v.]  of  the  kingdom  of  Kent ;  said  to  have 
i  Ebbsfleet  from  Jutland,  449  (according  to 
428),  to  have  settled  in  Thanet,  and,  after 
.Britons  at  Aylesford  (455X  to  have  founded 
»tamed  and  established  himself  in  Kent. 

[xxv.  411] 
LSR,    FREDERICK   CHARLES  (1820-1887), 
prletor  ;  purchased  Palais  Royal,  Argyll  Street, 
871  (rebuUt,  18»4).  [xxv.  418] 

ET,  BAR0N8.  [See  Eden,  Morton,  first 
1752-1830;  Edex,  Robert  HsyLmr,  seoond 
789-1841.] 

ST,  AKTHONT  (d.  1711X  wit :  of  Magdalen 
hcford  :  whig  M.P..  Andover  (1698-1700),  Wey- 
.702-11):  contributed  to  the  *TatIer'  and 
;  member  of  Kit-Cat  Club  ;  patron  of  magicians 
>f  tetters.  [xxv.  413] 


r,  JOHN  (1692-1756),  'Orator  Henley': 
ohn'8  CoUege,  Cambridge,  1716 ;  contributed  to 
lator  *  as  *  Dr.  Qnir  * ;  began  his  *  orationjt '  at 
1726 ;  establl*]^  himself  in  Lincoln's  Inn 
'29;  employed  by  Walpole  to  write  iu  whig 
tor,*  1730-9 ;  his  claims  as  restorer  of  church 
ridiculed  in  the  *  Dundad  * ;  caricatured  by 
:  edited  works  of  John  Sheffield,  duke  of 
am,  1723  ;  published  works  on  oratory,  theo- 
.  grammar,  ami  translations  :  his  autograph 
1  British  Museum.  [xxv.  414] 


JOSEPH    WARNER   (1793-1884),   con-  : 
politician ;    M.A.    Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  < 
u  D.C.L,   1854  ;    M.P.,  Oxfordshire,  1841-78  ; 
of  board  of  trade,  1852  and  1858-9  :  raigued 
i  qooitton,  1859 ;  declined  home  office,  1866. 

[xxv.  416] 
.ST,  PHOCION  (1728-1764). mnsical  composer: 
r  Robert  Henley,  first  earl  of  Northington  [(i.  v.]  ; 
ham  College,  Oxford,  1749  :  rector  of  St.  Andrew's 
knne*s,  Blackfriars,  1759-64  :  some  of  his  com- 
sre  in  T.  Sharp's  *  Divine  Harmony  *  (pealm^  and 
.798.  [xxv.  416] 

;ST,  ROBERT,  first  Earl  of  Nouthinotox 
r72>,  lord  chancellor:  second  i«oii  of  Anthony 
I.  v.]  :  fellow  of  All  Souls'  College,  Oxford  :  M.A., 
rrister.  Inner  Temple,  1732:  practised  on  wcs- 
rft :  MJP.,  Bath,  1747-57  ;  K.C.,  1761,  and  reconler 
attomey-genend,  1756  ;  lord  keeper  (the  Ust;, 
of  House  of  Lonl>i,  1757-60,  though  not  a 


peer  till  1760;  lord  chancellor,  1761  :  created  an  earl, 
1764  ;  procured  dismissal  of  Rockingham  ;  president  of 
oouncil  under  Grafton,  1766-7 ;  intimate  with  Gtoorge  III. 

[xxv.  417] 

HBHLXT,  ROBERT,  leoond  Earl  or  Northixutoit 
(1747-1786),  lord-Iientenant  of  Ireland ;  of  Westminster 
and  Christ  Church,  Oxford;  M.Am  1766;  M.P.,  Hamp- 
shire, 1768 :  succeeded  as  eari,  1772  ;  K.T.,  1778 ;  vioeroy 
of  IreUnd  (1788-4)  during  volunteer  convention  ;  advo* 
oated  annual  parliaments  and  promoted  Irish  industries. 

[xxv.  419] 

HENLET,  SAMUEL  (1740-1815),  oommentator :  pro- 
fee^sor  of  moral  philosophy  at  Williamsburg,  Virginia; 
afterwards  assistant-master  at  Harrow:  F.S.A.,  1778: 
principal  of  East  India  College,  Hertford,  1805-15  ;  pub- 
lished English  translation,  with  not€»,  of  *  Vathek,'  1784, 
and  works  of  scriptural  exegesis  and  classical  scholar- 
ship, [xxv.  420] 

HEVLET,  WALTER  db  (JL  1260X  author  of  '  Hose- 
bondrle  *  (18th  cent)  [xxv.  420] 

or 


tridan ;  F.R.&,  1773. 


,  WILLIAM  (A  1775X  eleo- 
[XXV.  421] 

\  WILLIAM  THOMAS  (18187-18821,  tele- 
graphic engineer  ;  self-taught ;  made  apparatus  for  Wheat- 
stone  and  first  Electric  Telegraph  Company  ;  Invented 
magnetic  needle  telegraph  and  formed  company  (1852)  to 
take  over  patent :  obtained  medal  at  exhitHtion  of  1851; 
made  elec^c  light  i4>paratua,  and  manufactured  fourteen 
thousand  miles  of  submarine  cable.  [xxv.  421] 

HSNV,  THOMAS  RICE  (1849-1880),  lieutenant  of 
royal  engineers ;  fell  at  MaiwamL  [xxv.  422] 


»T,  ROGER  (1809-1877),  botanist ;  professor 
at  Andersoniau  Institution,  Glasgow,  1888-77 ;  published 
'  Clydesdale  Flora,'  1865.  [xxv.  422] 

HSHKELL,  CHARLES  CHRISTIAN  (1809-1850)^ 
author  of  *  Inquiry  concerning  the  Origin  of  Christianity* 
(1838)  and  'Chrii.tlan  Theism '  (1839) ;  brother-in-law 
of  Charles  Bray  [q.  v.]  ;  with  J.  T.  B.  Beaumont  [q.  t.] 
established  New  Philosophical  Institution,  Mile  End. 
'    [xxv.  428] 

HZHKXLL,  MART  (1802-1848),  author  of  'Oottlne 
of  the  various  Social  Systems  and  Communities  which 
have  been  founded  on  Principe  of  Co-mteratlon  *  (pcd>- 
llsbed  1844) ;  sister  of  Charles  Christian  Hennell  [q.  v.] 

[xxv.  424] 

HSHHEK,  JOHN  (1779-1828),  army  surgeon  ;  semad 
in  Peninsula  and  at  Waterloo:  staff-surgeon,  1812  ;  prin- 
cipal medical  officer  for  Scotland,  1817  ;  M.D.  Edinburgh, 
1819 :  died  medical  officer  at  Gibraltar  ;  published,  among 
other  work^,  'Observations  on  .  .  .  Military  Surgery,' 
1818.  [xxv.  424] 

HENKSSST.  WILLIAM  MAUNSELL  (1829-1889X 
Irish  scholar;  awiKtant  deputy-keeper  in  Dublin  Record 
Office ;  Todd  profescor  at  Koynl  IrUh  Academy,  1882-4 ; 
edited  'Chrouicou  Scotorum*  of  Dnbhaltach  MacFlr- 
bisigh,  1866,  *  Aimals  of  Loch  (}(•,*  1871,  and  other  works ; 
trausliited  'Tripartite  Life  of  St  Patrick,*  1871;  wrote 
ou  Oasian.  [xxv.  424] 

HEKNIKER.  Sir  FREDERICK,  baronet  n 793-1825), 
traveUer;  of  Eton  and  St.  John'x  College,  Cambridge; 
B.A.,  1815:  succeeded  as  baronet,  1816:  published  '  Notes 
during  a  Visit  to  Egypt  Nubia,  the  Oasis,  Mount  Sinai, 
and  Jerasalem,'  1823.  [xxv.  425] 

HEKHIKSS-MAJOR,  JOHN,  second  Baron  Hk.n- 
xiKER  (1752-1821),  antiquary:  M.A.  St  John's  College, 
Cambridge,  1772;  LL.D.,  1811:  Fii.A.,  1785;  F.R.S., 
1785;  took  additional  name,  1792:  succeeded  to  Irish 
peerage,  1803;  M. P.,  Rutland,  18U5-1 2.  Stamfonl.  1812-18; 
published  '  Acooiuit  of  Families  of  Major  and  Henniker,' 
1803,  and  autitiuarian  pamphlets.  [xxv.  425] 

HEKimrO,  JOHN  (1771-1851),  modeller  and 
sculptor ;  a  founder  of  Society  of  British  Artists ;  modelled 
copies  of  Parthenon  and  Phigaleian  frie7.e8  and  Raphael's 
cartoonrt ;  executed  busts  of  Mrs.  SiiMons  and  Princess 
Chiirloite.  [xxv.  426] 

HENBIBTTA  or  HENRIXTTE  ANNE,  Duchess  of 
Oklkans (1644-1670),  fifth  daughter  of  Charles  I;  bom 
at  Exeter ;  secretly  carried  off  from  St  James's  Palace  to 
France,  1646 ;  brought  up  as  a  Roman  catholic  by  her 
mother ;  came  to  £nglau<l  at  Restoration  and  became 
popular  at   court:    marriel    Philippe,   duo   d'Orleani 


HENBIETTA   MABIA 


600 


HENRY   U 


(brotber  of  Louis  XIV),  1661 ;  patronised  Moli^  Oor- 
ueille,  and  Kacine ;  intermediary  between  Loais  XIV  and 
Charles  II ;  often  consulted  by  fonner  on  state  affairs; 
with  LoaiBC  de  Kerouallc  [q.  v.]  came  to  Dover,  1670,  and 
negotiated  the  Mcret  treaty  of  I)oyer,  167U ;  died  suddenly 
roon  after  her  retam  to  France,  being  poisoned,  aooord- 
ing  to  St.  Simon,  with  connivance  of  her  jealous  husband, 
by  agents  of  hiA  favourite,  the  Chevalier  de  Lorraine ; 
her  funeral  oration  delivered  by  Bossuet.       [xxv.  426] 

HENBIZTTA  MARIA  (1609-1669),  queen  consort  of 
Charles  I ;  youngest  daughter  of  Henri  IV  and  Marie  de 
MMicis ;  married  by  proxy  and  came  to  England,  1625 ; 
on  indifferent  terms  with  her  husband  during  lifetime  of 
Buckingham :  at  first  abstained  from  politics,  but  at- 
tracted courtiers  and  poets ;  evoked  Prynne's  *  Histrio- 
Maatix  *  by  taking  part  in  rehearsal  of  'Shepherd's  Pas- 
toral,' 168S;  uniler  influence  of  George  Oouu  [q.  v.] 
thwarted  Land's  pn>elamation  against  catholic  recusants, 
1636;  obtained  money  from  the  catholics  for  Scottish 
war,  1639 ;  after  meeting  of  Long  parliament  carried  on 
iutrig^ues  \i-ith  the  papal  court,  but  could  obtain  no  help 
for  the  royaUtits  except  on  condition  of  Charles  becoming 
a  Komanii>t ;  after  failure  of  overtures  to  parliamentary 
leaders,  authorised  Henry  Jermyn  and  Sir  John  Suckling 
to  carry  oat  the  army  plot,  1641 ;  tried  to  save  Strafford ; 
urged  on  attempted  arrest  of  the  five  members,  164S ;  left 
England  early  in  1642,  and  bought  munitions  of  war 
and  obtained  money  in  Holland ;  landed  at  Bridlington, 
February  1643,  under  fire;  impeached  by  parliament, 
23  Kay  1643 ;  failul  to  Hurprise  Hull  and  Lincoln,  1643 ; 
entertained  by  Shakespeare's  daughter  at  Stratford-on- 
Avon :  joined  Oharles  at  Edgehill  and  accompanied  him 
to  Oxford,  1643 ;  advi!*ed  bringing  in  of  foreign  or  Irish 
army ;  escaped  from  Falmouth  to  France,  1644 ;  pawned 
her  jewels ;  n^tiated  with  Mazarin  and  ol^tainetl  promise 
of  ten  thousand  men  from  Duke  of  Lorraine,  1644-6  ;  urged 
Charles  to  accept  Scottish  help  on  basis  of  presby  teriauism, 
1616  :  active  in  negotiations  with  Irish  aitholics  and  the 
anti-parliamentariau  English  fleet,  1648 :  in  state  of  desti- 
tution at  the  Louvre,  1648 ;  retired  into  Carmelite  nunnery ; 
alienated  Charles  IPs  advisers  by  attempts  to  convert  to 
Koman  Catholicism  her  younger  son,  Duke  of  Olouoes- 
tcr ;  came  to  England,  166U,  to  get  portion  for  her  daugh- 
ter Henrietta  Anne  [q.  v.]  and  to  break  off  engagement 
between  her  second  son  Duke  of  York  and  Anne  Hyde 
[q.  v.]  ;  lived  at  Somerset  House ;  finally  left  BnglaJid, 
1065  ;  died  at  Columbes  and  was  buried  In  St.  Denis. 

[xxv.  429] 
HENBT I  (lOGA-1135),  king  of  England :  younger  son 
of  William  I  and  Matilda :  well  educated  in  England :  heir 
of  hi?  motlier's  po!:Ke:><lon^  in  England,  1083:  bought  the 
Avranchin  ami  C6t^ntin  from  his  elder  brother  Robert, 
duke  of  Normandy  ;  imprisoned  by  him  at  Baycux,  1U88-9 ; 
helped  to  put  down  revolt  of  Rouen,  1090;  attacked  by 
both  William  II  and  Robert,  and  obliged  to  evacuate  Mont 
St.  Michel :  became  lord  of  Domfront,  1092,  whence  he 
carried  on  war  against  Robert  and  his  vassals :  visited 
William  11  in  England,  1094,  and  returned  to  Normandy 
with  money ;  received  counties  of  Coutances  and  Bayeux, 
1U96:  on  the  news  of  William  IPs  death  ( 1100)  secured 
the  treasure  at  Winchester;  chosen  king  by  the  witan 
and  crowned  at  Westminster,  issuing  at  his  coronation 
(1100)  charter  which  fomieil  the  basis  of  Magna  Charta ; 
invited  Archbishop  Anaelm  [q.  v.]  to  return,  1100,  and 
filled  vacant  sees ;  ruled  by  craft  rather  than  force ;  agreed, 
on  Anselm's  refusal  to  do  homage  for  his  temporalities,  to 
refer  the  question  to  the  pope,  but  maintained  hisposiuon 
till  a  compromise  was  agreed  to  (1106) :  married  Eadf^th 
or  MatUda  (1080-1118)  [q.  v.],  1100,  thereby  introducing 
intermarriages  between  Normans  and  English,  and  becom- 
ing the  re-founder  of  the  English  nation:  chose  his  ooun- 
ciUors  and  ofOcials  from  lower  ranks,  and  ennobled  them 
as  a  counterpoise  to  the  great  barons ;  promised  at  Alton 
to  give  up  all  his  Norman  possessions  (except  Domfront) 
in  return  for  a  renunciation  by  Duke  Rot>ert  of  the 
Euglii»h  crovm  and  a  pension,  1101 ;  defeated  and  banished 
Robert  of  Belleme  [q.  v.],  1101,  and  William  of  Mortain, 
1 104;  compelled  Robert  to  g^ive  up  his  pension  and  code 
Evreux;  with  help  of  Anjou,  Maine,  and  Brittany,  con- 
quered the  whole  of  Normandy  at  Tinchebrai,  1106,  captur- 
ing Robert  and  Mortain:  returned  to  Englantf  and  con- 
cluded the  investiture  agroement ;  developed  the  judicial 
and  fiical  administraUon,  sending  out  itinerant  justices 
and  organising  the  exchequer  eourt ;  reformed  the  coinage, 
1107,  but  levied  heavy  taxes ;  went  to  Normandy  to  sme 


William  *Clito*  (Robert's  son),  1108  ;  began  a  war  vith 
Louis  VI  of  France  about  the  border  fortrew  ol  Gbaa, 
1109;  banished  more  barons,  1110:  put  down  prnitc 
war  and  restrained  his  mercenaries  ;  eaptared  RiAcrt  of 
Bellftme,  1111 ;  obtained  acknowledgment  of  his  liglitto 
Belldmc,  Maine,  and  Brittany ;  led  an  army  into  Wski, 
1114  ;  caused  all  barons  to  do  homage  to  WUUam,  his  beii, 
in  Normandy,  1115,  and  England,  1116 ;  began  litA  «ir 
with  Louis  VI,  who  was  aided  by  Baldwin  <^  Flandexb  sad 
Fulk  of  Anjou  ;  detached  Fulk  from  the  confedecacy.  IIA, 
by  marrying  to  Fulk's  daughter  his  son  Prlnoe  WiQiu 
(lost in  the  white  Ship  the  same  year) ;  defeated  Looifl ia u 
encounter  of  knights  at  BreoneviUe;  subdued  rebel  barau 
and  made  peace  at  Oisors  with  Louis  and  BaUwia  by 
mediation  of  Pope  Calixtus  II,  112U;  ma»1e  a  nooad 
marriage  Mrith  Adela  of  Louvain,  1121;  exacted  tribiie 
from  WeUh  by  second  invasion,  1121 :  apfaiekl  rights  of  €»• 
terbury  against  both  the  pope  and  Thumtan,  archbiibop  d. 
York;  reduoed  fresh  Norman  rebeUioo,  1123-4;  eza^ 
from  nobles  (including  Stephen  of  Boulogne)  promiae  to 
support  suooession  to  crown  of  his  dac^hter,  Uie  n- 
empress  Matilda,  1126 ;  married  her  to  Qeoffrcy  of  Anioa, 
1128;  engaged  again  in  war  with  France:  exacted fiaei 
from  clergy  for  keeping  wives :  supported  Pope  Ittn»> 
cent  II  against  anti-pope  Anaclete;  exacted  oaths  to 
Matilda,  1181;  went  to  Normandy,  1133:  bad  fraih 
trouble  with  the  Angevius  and  Normans  ;  died  at  Angen ; 
buried  at  Beading.  [xxv.  4M] 

HENET  n  (1133-1189),  king  of  En^Und ;  grsnlsn 
of  Henry  I,  and  son  of  Geoffrey  of  An]oo  and  MstOdi 
(1102-1167)  [q.  v.] ;  inherited  AngevUi  territories,  1111; 
obtained  Aquitaine  by  marriage  with  Eteanor  (lUS?- 
1204)  [q.  v.],  1152;  came  to  terms  with  Stephen.  lUI: 
sucocoded  to  crown,  1164 ;  issued  charter  txued  oa  tbstof 
Henry  I ;  expelled  Flemish  meroeuaries  and  reduoed  n* 
bellious  barons,  1155  ;  exacted  homage  and  rebtomttoo  oi 
border  counties  from  Malcolm  of   Scotland ;  aoi]airri 
county  of  Nanten  and  reoogruition  of  overkmisbip  of  Bri(> 
tany,  1168 ;  re-established  exchequer  in  England ;  deT^ 
loped  curia  regis :  Issued  new  coinage,  1158 ;  extended  ii 
a  *  great  assize'  the  system  of  inquest  by  sworn  naoof* 
nitors  to  settlement  of  land  disputes ;  broke  down  bj  tfae 
*  great  soutage  *  military  dependence  of  crown  on  bsM 
tenants,  1169  :  gained  posses.'don  of  the  Vexin  by  Fresdi 
marriage  of  eldest  surviving  son  Henry,  1160 ;  helped  Pope 
Alexander  III  against  the  emperor,  1162:  made  TbooM 
Becket  [q.  v.]  archbishop,  1162,  but  was  resisted  byliiB, 
especially  in  his  attempt  to  bring  the  clergy  wittUii  civa 
jurisdiction,  through  the  constitutions  at  Clarendon,  11C4; 
caused  Beclret's  oondemnation  at  Northampton,  1164;  m 
his  flight  enforced  the  constitutions ;  applied  tbc  prb- 
dple  of  jury  inquest  to  criminal  matters  by  the  aoi* 
of  CHarendon,  1166,  the  first  att«mpt  in  England  to  isw 
a  new  code  of  laws,  and  to  break  down  feodaliam  bynb- 
ordinating  independent  jurisdictions  to  a  central  ooat: 
allied  himself,  through  his  daoghtors'  marriages,  wttt 
the  emperor  Frederick  Barbarossa   and  the  kiogs  of 
GastUe,  1168-9,  and  Sicily,  1169:  defeated  the  BietoBft. 
1166-9 ;  by  treaty  of  Moutmlrail  (1169)  obtained  ssoetiai 
of  France  to  establishment  of  bis  aous  Heniy,  G<oflR7i 
and  Richarxl ;  had  Prince  Henry  crowned  by  tbe  arch- 
bishop of  York,  1170;  suspended,  and,  after  tnqaii;isto 
their  conduct,  replaced  by  exchequer  oflteials  most  of  tiie 
sheriffs,  1170 ;  niade  formal  peaoe  with  Becket  md  lit 
ally,  Louis  of  France;  after  Becket's  murder  (1170) povad 
himself  and  abjured  the  *  customs,*  which  had  bees  tlx 
chief  cause  of  quarrel ;  by  an  expeditiaii  to  Irdand  (1171- 
1 172)  received  the  submission  both  of  Normans  in  Iretaai 
and  natives,  divided  tbe  land  into  fiefs,  and  kft  Hofh  de 
Lacy  as  royal  vicegerent ;  drove  Louis  from  "SnaauiSi 
1178 ;  crushed  Breton  revolt,  1173,  and  (after  doing  pcnsDce 
at  Canterburv)  the  baronial  rising  in  England;  exaeii^ 
homage  from  his  prisoner,  WlllLam,  king  of  Soots ;  dttcka 
by  these  successes  combination  headed  by  the  young  Kiof 
Henry  (crowned  heir)  and  his  mother  (1173-4) :  iaw 
assize  of  Northampton,  1176,  including  among  Its  dsoM 
the  *  assize  of  mort  d'ancester*  and  a  provision  reqairiaf 
an  oath  of  fealty  from  all  Englishmen ;  obtained  psi^ 
recognition  of  his  constitutions  from  the  pope:  oidend 
a  return  of  all  crown  tenements,  1177;  ooiistitated  iancr 
tribunal  for  higher  work  of  curia  r^gia,  1178 ;  establitbed 
judicial  circuito,  1176-80 ;  issued  assise  of  arms,  1U1« 
making  defensive  service  obligatory,  and  personal  pn>' 
perty  subject  to  taxation ;  received  homage  firom  )aaid 
Coamaught,  1175 ;  arbiter  between  Amgoo  and  TookNiae 


1 


I 


HENRY  HI 


601 


HENHY   IV 


■tile  and  Navarre,  1177 :  mediator  in  France, 
asked  to  ddlTer  the  Holy  Land,  1185,  bat 
in  war  with  his  sons  Henry  and  Geoffrey  on 
hacd,  1183,  and  afterward<»  with  Kichanl  and 
Btoi  of  France,  to  whose  claims  he  was 
0  to  submit  at  Golomblires  *.  died  at  Ohlnon ; 
itevraml,  where  is  his  tomb  and  efflgy.  He 
•f  learning  and  a  great  builder :  his  works  of 
loding  many  palaces,  the  embankment  of  the 
le  Grand  Font  at  Angers.  [xxvl.  1] 

m  (1207-1272),  king  of  England ;  grandson 

and  son  of  John;  crowned  at  Gloucester, 
,  homage  to  Gualo,  the  Pope*s  legate ;  accom* 
un  Marshall  [q.  ▼.]*  the  regent,  to  siege  of 
to  negotiate  peace  with  Louis  of  France  and 
■8, 1217  ;  receired  homage  from  Alexander  II 
crowned  again  at  Westminster,  1220,  by 
the  pope ;  marched  with  the  legate  and  the 
ter  to  force  William  of  Aumale  to  give  up 
e,  1221 :  agreed  to  conflrm  the  Great  Charter, 
died  the  Welsh  to  make  peace  :  took  Fulk  de 
stle  at  Bedford,  1224 :  declared  himself  of  full 
tring  during  his  minority  had  a  *  continual  * 
act  from  the  court :  lost  most  of  his  French 
1 224,  but  recovered  Qascooy,  1 225  :  negotiated 
ly,  the  emperor,  and  Bavaria;  compelled  by 
(tore  the  forest  liberties :  defeated  by  Welsh, 
ly  agreed  to  pope's  demand  for  a  tenth  of  all 
29 ;  invaded  Poiton  and  Gascony,  1230:  ob- 
1^  in  exchange  for  affirmation  of  liberties  of 
;  refused  aid  for  Welsh  war ;  dismissed  Hubert 
v.]  and  made  Segrave  justiciar,  1232  :  replaced 
«rs  by  Poitevin  friends  of  Bishop  Peter  des 
apellcd  after  a  contest  by  Richard  Marshall 
bop  Edmund  Rich  [q.  v.]  to  dismiss  Poitevins 
x>nctled  with  De  Burgh  and  the  barons,  1234 ; 
(1334)  t)ecame  his  own  minister;  married  his 
la  to  the  Emperor  Frederic  II,  1235 ;  wedded 
i*rovence,  1236,  in  which  year  was  passal  the 
ton ;  depeiMled  on  guidance  of  his  wife's  uncle. 

Valence,  and  Provencal  favourites;  invited 
ktbo  to  England:  favoured  Simon  fie  Mont- 
d  of  his  sister  Eleanor^  but  quarrelled  with 
>ppo8ed  by  Richard,  Earl  of  (Cornwall  [q.  v.l 

of  London ;  made  concessions :  entertained 
emperor  of  the  East,  1238 ;  his  life  attempted 
clerk,  1238  :  kept  see  of  Winchester  vacant, 
efu.«ing  (1238)  to  elect  William  of  Valence ; 
Jey  Abbey,  1239;  gave  the  archbishopric  of 
to  Boniface  of  Savoy  [q.  v.],  1241,  and  see 
to  another  foreigner ;  allowed  the  pope  to  take 
e  clergy's  goods  and  many  benefices,  c.  1240; 
9f  Savoy  Earl  of  Richmond ;  joined  tiie  Count 
he  and  otliers  in  an  expedition  to  Gascony, 
is  deserted  by  him  and  forced  by  Louia  IX  to 
I :  brought  back  more  foreigners,  detaching 
Richard  from  tlie  opposition  by  marrying  him 
of  Provence:  compelled  by  Innocent  IV  to 
.nisbed  bishop  of  Winchester ;  obliged,  in  order 
Uige,  to  admit  four  '  guardians  of  liberties '  to 

made  other  concessions  to  the  l)aronage ;  with 
shed  by  Richard  of  (Cornwall  undertook  sucoess- 
impaign,  1245 ;  joined  in  remonstrance  against 
Lactions,  but  gave  way,  and  laid  a  heavy  tallage 
1246:  enriched  his  foreign  half-brotherx  from 
enues:  refused  an  aid,  1249;  exacted  more 
\  Loodonerd  and  Jews ;  received  homage  for 
m  AJexaoder  III  of  Scotland  on  his  marriage, 
jited  SiuKKide  Montfort  governor  of  Gascony ; 
Montfort  with  accusations,  1252  ;  was  refused 
a  crusade,  1262 :  confirmed  the  charters  in 
money,  1253,  and  made  a  second  expoiition 
y  ;  visited  Pontigny,  Fontevraud,  and  Paris  ; 
war  cost  of  Pope  Alexander  IPs  war  with 
letom  for  grant  of  Sicilian  orovm  to  hii^  son 
aable  to  obtain  r^ular  graate  ;  demanded  from 
at  Westminster  (1268)  a  third  of  all  property, 
attending  in  armour  and  led  by  Roger  Bigod, 
of  Norfolk  [q.  v.] ;  met  barons  in  *  Mad  Parlia* 
ford  (1258),  which  drew  up '  Provision!*,*  giving 
rol  of  the  executive  and  the  nomination  of  half 
,  a  committee  of  twenty-four  being  appointed 
t  reform*  ;  made  peace  with  France  by  giving 
dy  awl  bis  hereditary  possessions  ;  on  Iiis  re- 
^raooe  to  BoglaDd  broogbt  accusation  against 


Simon  de  Montfort,  1260 :  dismissed  the  barons*  JusUoiar, 
1261 :  seized  Dover  Castle,  1261 :  exhibited  paptd  bull 
absolving  him  from  keeping  the  provisions,  1261 ;  ordered 
the  knights  of  the  shire  to  attend  him  at  Windsor  instead 
of  the  barons  at  St.  Albans,  1261 :  decision  given  in  his 
favour  by  Louis  IX  of  France  in  the  '  Mise  of  Amiens,'  to 
whom  the  provisions  had  been  referred  for  arbitration, 
1264,  the  awarri  being  upheld  by  Pope  Urban  IV  ;  captured 
the  younger  de  Montfort  at  Northampton,  April  1264, 
the  barons  having  refused  to  accept  the  award,  and  allied 
themselves  wiUi  the  Welsh:  took  Leicester,  Notting- 
ham, and  Tonbridge ;  compelled  to  march  into  Sussex  for 
provisions ;  routed  at  Lewes,  14  May,  1264  :  compelled  to 
summon  a  parliament  (including  four  knights  from  each 
shire)  and  to  forbid  his  queen  to  raise  money  for  him, 
1264;  gave  his  assent  to  the  constitution  drawn  up  in 
the  famous  parliament  of  1265  ;  restored  to  power  by  his 
son  Prince  Ed  ward*s  victory  at  Evesham,  1265,  when  he  was 
wounded,  l)eing  at  the  time  detained  in  Montfort's  army ; 
revoked  all  his  recent  acts,  declared  the  rebels*  lauids 
forfeited,  fined  the  Londoners,  reduced  Kenilworth,  and 
came  to  terms  with  Gloucester  in  Loudon  and  Lly welyn 
in  Wales ;  at  the  Marlborough  parliament  (1267)  granted 
many  reforms,  but  retained  the  executive:  assented  to 
statute  forbidding  the  Jews  to  acquire  debtors*  land, 
1269  :  completed  (1269)  and  opened  Westminster  Abbey, 
the  body  of  Edward  the  Confessor  being  translated; 
buried  in  Westmbister  Abbey  before  the  high  altar,  his 
heart  being  sent  to  Fontevraud.  Most  of  the  troubles  of 
his  reign  were  due  to  his  foreign  sympathies. 

[xxvi.  12] 
HEKET  IV  (1867-1413),  king  of  England ;  son  of 
John  of  Gaunt  [q.  v.] ;  sometimes  called  Henry  of  Boling- 
broke  from  his  birthplaoe ;  styled  Earl  of  Derby  in  early 
life;  K.G.,  1377;  married  Mary  de  Bohun,  coheiress  of 
Hereford,  1380 ;  praised  by  Froissart ;  as  one  of  the  five 
lords  appellant  opposed  Robert  de  Vere  [q.  v.],  who, 
marching  on  London,  compelled  Richanl  II  to  grant 
their  demands,  1387  :  took  part  in  proceedings  of  *  Mer- 
ciless parliament,*  1388,  but  gradually  regained  Richard's 
favour  :  joined  *  crusade '  of  the  Teutonic  knights  against 
Lithuania,  1390 :  went  on  pilgrimage  to  Jerusalem,  1892- 
1393,  being  entertained  by  the  kings  of  Bohemia  and 
Hungary,  the  Archduke  of  Austria,  and  the  Venetians ; 
one  of  the  council  during  Richard's  absence  in  Ireland, 
1895 :  took  a  decided  part  for  the  king  against  hit^  former 
allies,  and  was  created  Duke  of  Hereford,  1397 ;  appealed 
Norfolk  of  treason,  but  was  not  allowal  to  fight  with  him, 
t)eing  banished  the  realm  for  ten  years,  1898 ;  exiled  for 
life,  his  Lancaster  estates  also  being  confiscated  during 
his  stay  at  Paris ;  with  the  two  Amndels  and  others, 
secretly  left  France  and  landed  near  Bridlington,  1399; 
joined  by  northern  nobles  ;  held  council  at  Doncaster,  and 
with  a  large  army  marched  to  Bristol,  where  some  of  the 
royal  officers  were  executed,  July  1899  ;  met  King  Richard, 
who  had  been  deserted  by  his  army,  at  Flint ;  was  pro- 
mised restoration  of  his  estates  ;  took  the  king  to  London, 
where  Richard  resigned  the  crown,  29  Sept.  1899 :  obtained 
the  throne  by  popular  election ;  foimded  the  order  of  the 
Bath  before  his  coronation,  1399;  condemned  Richard, 
who  soon  diotl,  possibly  starved,  to  perpetual  imprison- 
ment, 1899:  crushed  rising  of  Ricliard's  dispossessed  sup- 
porters, 1400:  made  expeditions  against  the  Scots(l4U0) 
and  Welsh  (1400  and  1401)  and  entertained  the  Greek 
emperor,  Manuel  Palaiologos,  1400 ;  married  as  his  second 
>rife  Joan,  regent  of  Brittany,  1402:  was  attacked  by 
the  dukes  of  Orleans  and  Burgundy  in  France  and  by 
Franciscan  conspirators  in  England,  1402 :  failed  to  subdue 
tlie  Welsh,  1402;  defeated  the  discontented  Percies  at 
Shrewsbury.  1403 ;  received  submission  of  Northumlxir- 
land,  1403;  compelled  to  agree  to  expulsion  of  aliens; 
was  strengthened  by  defeat  of  French  at  Dartmouth, 
1404;  received  libend  supplies  from  'Unlearned  parlia- 
ment *  at  Coventry,  1404 ;  escaped  assassination  at 
Eltham,  1404 ;  suppressed  revolt  of  Northumberland, 
Archbishop  Scrope  [q.  v.],  and  the  earl  marshal,  1405 ; 
captured  the  heir  to  the  Scottish  throne,  1405 ;  compelled 
by  parliament  to  nominate  a  constitutional  council,  to 
submit  to  an  audit  of  accounts,  and  reform  his  house- 
hold, 1406  :  debarred  the  Beanforts  from  the  succosion, 
1407 :  finally  defeated  Northumberland  an<l  Bardolf  at 
Bramham  Moor,  1408 ;  declined  in  health  and  energy,  but 
interested  himself  in  Archbishop  Arundel's  attempt  to 
heal  the  papal  schism  :  supported  the  church  party  in  pre- 
'  venting  proposed  confiscation  of  their  temporaliUes,  but 
I  was   himself  refused  a  revenue  for  Ufe,  1410;  defoated 


HENRY   V 


602 


attempt  to  foroe  him  to  abdicate  in  favour  of  Prince 
Henry,  broke  off  Burgundian  alliance,  and  undertook  a 
progress,  1411-12 ;  increased  Chaucer's  pension  and  patron- 
ised Qower:  died  in  Jerusalem  Chamber,  Westminster; 
his  tomb  at  Canterbury  opened,  183S.  [xxvi.  SI] 


y  (1387-14S3),  king  of  England  :  eldest  son 
of  Henry  IV,  by  Mary  de  Bohun ;  born  at  Monmouth ; 
said  to  have  be^  educated  by  his  uncle  Henry  Beaufort 
((/.  1447)  [q.  v.]  at  Queen's  College,  Oxford  :  attended 
Richard  II,  1398-9 :  accompanied  his  father  to  Wales,  1400, 
where  lie  represented  lum  for  the  next  three  years,  re- 
covering Conway,  reducing  Merioneth  and  Oamanron,  and 
chcckint^Glcndower  [q.  v.]  :  assisted  his  father  at  Shre>v8- 
bury,  1403  :  returned  to  the  Welsh  marches  and  relieved 
Co3rty  Castle,  1405;  after  joining  in  petition  against  lollards, 
1406,  captured  Aberystwith  and  invaded  Scotland,  1407 ; 
warden  of  the  Cinque  ports  and  constable  of  Dover,  1409 ; 
probably  governed  in  his  father's  name  during  chancellor- 
ship of  Thomas  Beaufort  [q.  v.]*  1410-11 ;  sent  an  expedi- 
tion to  hdp  Burgundy  against  the  Armagnacs ;  withdrew 
from  the  council,  141S,  his  French  policy  being  reversed ; 
succeeded  to  the  throne,  1418 ;  the  supposed  wildnees  of 
his  youth  unsupported  by  contemporary  authority,  while 
his  traditimial  conduct  towards  Gascoigne  (taken  by 
Shakespeare  from  Hall)  is  improbable,  and  is  first  men- 
tioned in  Sir  T.  Elyot's  'Govemonr'  (1531);  appointed 
Henry  Beaufort  ((/.  1447)  [q.  v.]  chancellor,  and  the  Earl  of 
Arundel  treasurer;  gave  the  remains  of  Richard  II 
honourable  burial ;  had  Oldcastle  arrested,  and  loUardy 
repressed,  1414 ;  demanded  the  restoration  of  French  terri- 
tories ceded  at  BreUgny,  together  with  the  Norman  and 
Angevin  lands,  as  a  condition  of  his  marriage  with  Cathe- 
rine of  France ;  left  Portsmouth  to  make  war  with  France 
(August  1416),  just  after  a  conspiracy  to  proclaim  the 
Earl  of  March  king  had  been  discovered ;  took  Harfleur 
and  challenged  the  dauphin  to  single  combat,  1415 ;  sent 
back  Clarence  in  charge  of  many  sick,  and  marched  with 
the  rest  towards  Calais ;  after  futile  negotiations  attacked 
the  greatly  superior  French  army,  himself  commanding 
the  centre,  at  Agincourt  (S5  Oct.  1416),  where  the  French 
were  routed  with  great  slaughter ;  reached  Calais  a  few 
days  later,  crossed  the  Channel  within  a  fortnight,  and 
after  a  triumphal  entry  into  London  was  granted  by 
parliament  tonnage  and  poundage  for  life,  the  custom  on 
wool,  and  other  taxes,  1415 ;  while  in  England  restored 
the  heirs  of  Mortimer,  Percy,  and  Holland  to  their  estates ; 
made  an  alliance  with  Si^mund,  king  of  the  Romans, 
which  led  to  the  termination  of  the  papal  schism,  1416 ; 
came  to  an  understanding  with  Burgundy,  October,  1416 ; 
laid  the  foundations  of  a  national  navy  and  of  military, 
international,  and  maritime  law ;  took  Caen,  leading  the 
assault  in  person,  1417 ;  sent  lieutenants  agaSns^t  Cher- 
bourg, Coutimces,  Avranches,  and  Evreux,  subduing  the 
greater  part  of  Normandy ;  surrounded  Rouen,  cutting 
it  off  from  the  sea  with  the  aid  of  a  Portuguese  fleet,  and 
reduced  it  by  famine  after  a  long  siege,  1419,  while 
keeping  open  the  feud  between  Armagnacs  and  Bur- 
gundians  by  alternate  negotiations  with  each;  after  a 
short  truce  surprised  Pontoise,  1419,  and  on  the  murder 
of  John,  duke  of  Burgundy,  concluded  an  alliance  with 
the  new  duke  Philip ;  after  more  fighting  and  negotiation, 
accepted  the  treaty  of  Troyes  (1420),  by  which  Henry 
was  declared  heir  of  Charles  Y  I,  regent  of  France,  and  lord 
of  Normandy,  the  dauphin  being  excepted  from  tlie 
arrangement;  married  Catherine  of  France,  14S0;  per- 
sonally directed  capture  of  Melun,  November  1420,  meeting 
the  Sire  de  Barbazan  in  single  combat ;  entered  Paris 
in  triumph,  December  1420;  arranged  for  the  govern- 
ment of  Normandy :  took  his  wife  to  England'  to  be 
crowned ;  reformed  the  Benedictine  monasteries  ;  sent 
back  James  I  to  Scotland ;  returned  to  France  to  reassert 
liirisway,  1421 ;  relieved  Chartres,  1421 ;  drove  the  dauphin 
across  the  Loire ;  took  Meaux,  1422  ;  while  on  his  way  to 
succour  Burgundy  at  Coene  died  at  Bois  de  Vinccnnes. 
After  a  funeral  procession  through  France  his  body  was 
buried  in  Westnmister  Abbey,  a  chantry  being  endowed  in 
Im  honour.  The  silver  head  of  his  effigy  was  stolen  from 
the  Confessor's  chapel  in  1545.  He  was  a  patron  of 
tlie  poets  Lydgate  and  Hoccleve.  Inflexible  justice,  affa- 
bility, and  religious  spirit  were  among  his  chief  character- 
istic^, and  he  was  the  first  of  contemporary  generals  and 
an  able  diplomatifltk  [xxvi.  43] 


VI  (1421-1471),  king  of  England:  son  of 

Henry  Y ;  bom  at  Windsor :  ruled  through  a  oounoil 


during  his  minority,  his  uncle,  Humphrey  of  Okmeerttr, 
being  protector,  and  Richard  Beaoctuunp,  eari  ot  WanridE, 
his  *  master ' :  appeared  in  public  f  unctious  in  euly  cfaOd- 
hood :  crowned  at  Westminster,  1429,  sod  at  Paris,  14W: 
opened  parliament  in  person,  1432 ;  mediated  at  a  gnst 
council  between  GUraocBter  and  Bedfoid,  1434;  his  pre- 
cocious interest  in  politics  restrained  by  the  comeil: 
admitted  to  share  in  govemment,  1437,  but  warned  tiist 
be  was  exercising  it  unprofitably ;  identified  himsdf  with 
Cardinal  Beaufort's  peace  policy:  greatly  intetertoiii 
scheme  for  his  marriage  with  a  daughter  of  the  Coote 
d'Armagnac,  1441-8 ;  attained  legal  majority,  1442 ;  ooa* 
eluded  two  years*  truce  with  France,  1443 ;  marriad  Ma^ 
garet  of  Anjou,  daughter  of  the  Duke  of  Lnraine,  144f : 
nndor  influence  of  Beaufort  and  Suffolk,  ordered  Gkncas- 
ter's  arrest,  1447 :  surrendered  Maine  for  prolongatkn  d 
truce    with    France,   1448;   made    constant   progroKS 
through  England ;  secretly  supported  SnftoUc,  but  «u 
obliged  to  eidle  him,  1450 ;  attempted  to  suppress  Oadei*! 
rising,  but  fled  to  Kenil  worth,  leaving  the  work  to  Arcb- 
bishop  Kemp   and   Waynflete,   1450;   lort   NormaD^f: 
obliged  to  make  Richard,  duke  of  York  [q.  v.],  a  oooa- 
cUlor,  and  agree  to  arrest  of  Edmund  Beaofmt,  dnke  d 
tiovaanet  [q.  v.]  ;  made  Somerset  captain  of  Qdais,  uA 
refused  to  remove  him  from  court,  1451  ;  lost  GuieBBe, 
1451 ;  deeply  in  debt ;  attempted  a  general  padficatkn  and 
pudon,  1452 ;  won  back  port  of  Guienne,  1452,  bat  kat  it 
all,  1453 ;  temporarily  lost  his  rouson,  1453 :  on  his  n* 
covery  reloued  Somerset  and  excluded  York  from  the 
council,  1455  :  slightiy  wounded  at  first  battteof  St  Albtm, 
1455  ;  again  became  ill ;  persuaded  on  recovery  to  renovi 
York  from  office,  1456,  but  allowed  him  to  ronain  in  tilt 
council,  and  with  the  help  of  Buckingham  maintainrf 
peace  for  two  jrears ;  after  Salisbury's  victory  (1459)  tf 
Blorelieath  marched  against  Ludlow  and  drove  York  sad 
the  NeviUes  from  England,  1459,  afterwards  attaintiair 
them  at  Coventry  ;  was  defeated  and  captured  by  Warwick 
at  Northampton,  and  compelled  to  acknowledge  Yofc 
as  heir  to  the  crown,  1460 ;  in  spite  of  the  defeat  of  tbr 
Yorkists  by  hift  queen  (Margaret)  at  Wakefield  (1460)  aal 
St.  Albans  (1461).    Henry  fied  northward  after  Sdmri, 
duke  of  York,  was  proclaimed  king,  1461 ;  at  York  vlrik 
TOwton  Fidd  was  fought  nnsuccesefolly  by  his  ftkodf. 
1461 :  attainted  by  the  Yorkists,  1461 ;  took  refuge  vith 
the  Scots,  1461 ;  granted  charter  to  Edinburgh,  14M: 
narrowly  escaped  capture  at  Hexham,  1464:  larked  dii- 
gnised  for  a  year  on  the  Lancartiireand  Yorkshire  bolder: 
was  captured  and  impriaoned  in  the  Tower  for  five  jon 
(1465-70) :  restored  by  Warwick,  1470 ;  presided  at  i 
parliament,  but  (1471)  feU  into  the  hands  of  Edward  IT, 
and  was  takea  by  him  to  Bamct ;  after  battle  of  Baniei 
(1471)  was  recommitted  to  the  Tower:  murdered  on  tk 
night  of  Edward's  return,  Richard  of  Gloucester  txiar 
held  responsible ;    worshipped  as   a   martyr  by  oortii 
countrymen  ;   his  canonisation  proposed  by  Heruy  TIL 
Henry  VI  was  too  weak  to  rule  men,  but  was  genoMy 
pious,  and  a  liberal  patron  of  learning.    Besides  tabaf 
great  interest  in  the  imiversities  of  Oxford  and  dm,  bt 
founded  Eton  (1440)and  King's  College,  Cambridge(144l), 
and  suggested  to  his  queen  Margaret  the  faaxuatitm  of 
Queens*  CoUege,  Cambridge,  144&  [xxvl  K] 

HENBT  Vn  a457-1609X  king  of  Bngbuid :  ion  of 
Edmund  Tudor,  earl  of  Richmond,  and  Margaret  Besatel 
[q.  v.],  heiress  of  John  of  Gaunt ;  brought  up  in  Wiki 
by  his  uncle,  Jasper  Tudor:  captured  at  Harleeli  bj^ 
Yorkist  Herbert,  1468,  but  reclaimed  by  his  ujide  sad 
presented  to  Henry  VI,  1470 ;  head  of  house  ci  Ijoeastir 
on  Henry  VPs  death,  1471 ;  refugee  in  Brittany  doriiv 
reign  of  Bdv.'ard  IV  :  prevented  by  a  storm  from  jaiaiBf 
Buckingham's  rebelUon  agahiat  Bichard  III,  1481;  at 
council  of  refugees  held  at  Rennes  promised  to  Toarj 
Elizabeth  of  York  on  obtaining  the  English  crown ;  sfter 
warning  by  Morton  of  contemplated  betrayal  to  Bichaii 
escaped  from  Brittany  to  France ;  with  O^dord  and  lotf 
French  troops  landed  at  Milford  Haven,  1485 :  joinel  taf 
Welshmen  and  others :  with  the  help  of  Sir  Willitf 
Stanley  (d.  1495)  [q.  v.]  defeated  and  slew  Bicfaaid  a 
Boeworth,  1485 ;  crowned,  1485 :  croited  peers  and  in^ 
tuted  a  bodyguard:  married  Princess  Elizabeth,  14M'. 
defeated  the  conspirator  Simnel  at  Stoke-on-Treoi,  1487: 
failed  to  mediate  between  France  and  Brittany,  1488;  o- 

Cloyed  Surr^  to  suppress  discontent  in  the  north,  14M: 
1  alliance  with  Maximilian,  king  of  the  Romans,  ind 
Ferdinand  and  Isabelhi,  besieged  Boulogne  (1492), hot  cos- 
doded  the  treaty  of  Btaples  with  Gbarles  Yin,  1482 :  took 


HENRY   Vm 


608 


HENRY 


ompt  action  agaiiist  Torktote,  and  delayed  for  three 
ari  tbe  inraakm  of  England  by  Perkin  Warbeck  [q.  v.] ; 
ore  Warbeck  from  Ireland  by  tbe  action  of  Sir  Edward 
VwagB  [q.  ▼.}•  14M,  and  through  Spanish  diplomacy 
neural  Warbeck**  dismisiial  from  the  Sootti»h  ooort; 
Bimt  in  aoppi  c— ing  Oomiah  insorreotion,  1497  :  executed 
'irwick  and  Warbeck  after  their  attempted  escape 
en  tbe  Tower,  1499  ;  ooncloded  treaties  with  Scotlaoid, 
m,  Bursiukdy,  1500,  and  the  Emperor  Maximilian,  15U2 ; 
it  hia  queen,  IMS :  arranged  marriages  of  his  children 
ith  Spain  and  Scotland ;  entertained  Philip  and  Joanna 
Caatile,  and  made  commercial  treaty  with  Flandert», 
OS ;  died  at  Bichmond  in  the  palace  named  and  built  by 
nadL  Through  his  agents  Empecm  and  Dudley  he 
ictised  mach  extortion.  He  was  considered  one  of  the 
princes  of  his  time,  and  was  a  great  promoter  of 
ve  and  learning.  He  built  the  chapel  in  West- 
AbtaQT  called  by  his  name.  [xxvi.  69] 


LT  Yin  (1491-1M7),  king  of  England  ;  second 

a  of  Henry  VII ;  nominal  lieutenant  of  Ireland,  1494 ; 

Batei  Frinoe  of  Wales,  1603,  on  the  death  of  his  elder 

other  Arthur  (148((-150S)  [q.  t.],  to  whose  widow,  Gathe- 

BB  of  Arragon  [q.  t.],  he  was  contracted,  but  marriage 

m  cklaiyed  till  his  aooeasloo,  1609,  owing  to  disputes  about 

BT  ^owTf ;  had  Bmpeou  and  Dudley,  the  agents  of  his 

iter's  extortions,  executed,  1610;  helped  his  father-in- 

.w  T^^*^  the  Moors,  1611,  and  the  regent  of  the  Mether- 

ad»  gainst  Oueldres,  1611,  joined  the  pope,  Ferdinand, 

■d  Yeoioe,  In  a  league  against  France,  1611 ;  some  im- 

ortaat  naTal  victories  won  by  hiA  admirals,  the  Howards, 

aeoC  whom  captured  Andrew  Barton  [q.  v.],  1611 ;  sent 

m  unanooenful  expedition  for  the  recovery  of  Guienue, 

nil    hoilt  the   Heniy   Grace  de  Dieu  (largest  ship 

dttMrto  floated)  ;  with  the  help  of  the  Emperor  Maxi- 

on  'tbe  battle  of  Spm^*  1618  (the  Scots  being 

at  Flodden  in  his  absence);  deserted  by  his 

i:  made  aeparate  peace  with  France  on  the  basis  of 

aBaxtiage  between  his  sister  Mary  and  Louis  XII,  1514 ; 

m^  Cardinal   Wcdsqr  chancellor:   ft^owed   Wolsey's 

adfiee  in  bdping  Maximilian  with  money  to.  check  the 

Viaeh  in  Iti^,  and  in  keeping  on  good  terms  with  him, 

fm  Moring  CliarleB  in  Oastite,  and  (1618)  in  making 

pne  with   Francis   I   of    France :    became,    against 

wsliqr's  advice,  a  secret  candidate  for  tbe  empire,  1519 ; 

■rt  PiaiMas  at  the  Fiekl  of  the  Oloth  of  Gold,  16S0,  but 

M  ineTioaa  and  subsequent  interviews  with  the  Em- 

|nr  CbmOa  Y  also  :  while  pretending  to  mediate  be- 

tvn  them  allied  himadf  with  Charles ;  next  year  at  home 

kd  Boddngham  executed  cm  a  vague  charge  of  treason ; 

Mi  deaMUid  for  a  forced  loan,  in  consequence  of  tbe 

ttmteaed  bostilitieB  with  France,  successfully  resisted 

kf  London,  1526;  hdped  by  Wolsey's  negotiationti  to  a 

■net  onderBtanding  with  France  :  began  negotiations 

via  tbe  pope  for  a  divorce  from  Catherine  of  Arragou, 

UK;  given  a  commission  to  hear  tbe  case  in  Englaud, 

Ua.  which  met  (1529),  but  was  revoked  to  Rome  uu- 

liUMd,   1629:   dismissed   Wolaey,  October   1529,   and 

iMk  Oranmer  as  his  adviser  on  the  divorce ;  consulted 

wrii,  French,  and  Italian   universities,  1630,   eight 

wiiiioos  against  the  validity  of  marriage  with  a  brother's 

^  and  against  tbe  pope's  power  to  dispense  being  ob- 

*>iHd  by  bribery  :  wrung  from  the  clergy  a  quullAud 

IJ^oowIedgDMnt  of  his  title   as  supreme  head  of  the 

<lueh  in  exchange  for  a  pardon  for  having  incnrral  the 

Pities  of  prvmunire  by  recognising  Wolsey  as  papal 

l^ptte,  1631 :  separated  from  Catiierine  on  her  refusal  of 

^^itntion,  1631 :  secretly  married  his  second  wife,  Aune 

■•kju,  and,  Oranmer  having  decided  against  the  validity 

*(  the  marriage  with  Catherine,   had   Anne  crowned 

M)iidy,  1638;    aeeretly   encouraged  the  Commons  to 

^mat  *snppUoation  against  the  oidinaries,'  1532 ;  took 

^^n^indepoident  powers  of  convocation  :  named  Oranmer 

^RlUnstiop;  provisionally  withdrew  first-fruits  of  bene- 

^ea  (annates)  and   abcdished  appeals  to   Rome;  was 

^mimnanicated,  1633 ;  confirmed  abolition  of  annates  ; 

CMwl  Elizabeth  Barton  [q.  v.]  to  be  attainted,  1533 ; 

^Mtabed  Iknnan  juiisdiction  and  revenues  in  England, 

UM;  obtained  act  of  succession  (1534)  compelling  all 

Rtftjeets  to  acknowledge  Aune  Boleyn's  issue  as  heirs  to 

the  crown  :  imprisoned  More  and  Fisher ;  executed  tlie 

Xm  of  Kent  and  her  adherents,  1534 :  suppressed  the 

ohMrvanti,   and  imprlMHied  recusant  friars  ;  obtained 

Kvere  treason  law,  parliamoitary  coufimution  of  head- 

rinp  o<  church,   and   transference   of  first-fruits  and 

tenths  to  crown  (1634-6) :  exeeuted  Fisher.  More,  and 


some  Gliarterhouse  monks  for  refusing  to  accept  the 
king's  headship,  1535  ;  opened  negotiations  with  German 
protestants ;  instituted  visitations  of  monasteries  and  uni- 
versities by  royal  officers  under  Thomas  Cromwell  ( 1485  ?- 
1540)  [q.  v.],  and  appropriated  the  revenues  of  the  smaller 
houses,  1535  :  beheaded  Anne  Boleyu  and  married  his  third 
wife,  Jane  Seymour,  1636 ;  had  succession  act  passed  in 
interests  of  Jane  Seymour,  1636  ;  at  first  temporised  with 
and  then  crushed  rising  in  the  north  and  east  caused  by 
rdigious  changes  and  heavy  taxation,  1636-7 :  lamented 
death  of  Jane  Seymour,  1538;  resumed  dissolution  of 
monasteries,  but  failed  in  negotiations  Mith  German  pro- 
testants ;  maintained  old  doctrines ;  procured  statute  of 
tbe  Six  Articles,  1539 ;  executed  last  descmdants  of  the 
Yorkist  house :  married  his  fourth  wife,  Anne  of  Cleves*, 
January  1540 :  executed  Cromwell  and  divorced  Anne  of 
Cleves,  July  1540  :  at  once  married  his  fifth  wife,  Cathe- 
rine Howard ;  had  Barnes  and  other  protestants  burned 
for  heresy  (1538-40) ;  beheaded  Qaeen  Cutlierine  ^ward, 
1542;  proclaimed  Ireland  a  kiufrrlom,  1542;  revived  the 
feudal  claim  on  Scotland,  and  defeated  James  V,  1642; 
concluded  alliance  with  Emperor  Charles  V,  1648 ;  married 
his  sixth  and  last  wife,  Catherine  Parr  [q.  v.],  1643  ; 
dehoiwd  the  currency  :  sent  an  army  into  Scotland,  which 
burned  Leith  and  Edinburgh,  1544  ;  captured  B<Milogne, 
1545 :  was  granted  the  endowments  of  many  ooUegea, 
chantries,  and  ho««pitaIt>,  1546;  deserted  by  Charles  V; 
made  peace  with  France,  1546 ;  gained  poMKssion  of  St. 
Andrews  by  aiding  the  conspiracy  against  Beaton,  1646 ; 
authorised  many  perwcutions  for  heresy  ;  caused  the  Earl 
of  Surrey  to  be  beheaded  and  the  Duke  of  Norfolk  attainted, 
1547.  Henry  was  technically  constitutional,  but  practi- 
cally absolute,  and  a  consummate  statesman.  He  com- 
pleted Wolsey'*  college  at  Oxford,  calling  It  Henry  VIII's 
College  (Christ  Cliurch),  erected  six  new  bishoprics  from 
monastical  endowments,  and  established  suffragans.  He 
wrote  *  AsAertio  Septem  Sacramentorum '  against  Luther 
(1521)  and  preface  to  revised  edition  (*  king's  book')  of 
*  Institution  of  a  Christian  Man*  ('bishops*  book*). 
Many  portraits  of  him  by  Holbein  are  extant,  [xxvi.  76] 


OF  Scotland  (1114  ?-1152),  son  of  David  I 
of  Scotland ;  granted  by  Stephen  the  earldonu  of  Carlisle, 
Doncaster,  and  Huntingdon ;  fought  at  battle  of  the 
Standard,  1138 ;  created  Earl  of  Northumberland,  1189. 

rxxvL  94] 

EEKBT,  Hhe  Young  Khig*  (1155-1183),  second  son 
of  Henry  II  of  England ;  married  while  a  child  to  Mar- 
garet, daughter  of  Louis  VII  of  France,  1160 ;  educated 
by  Becket;  crowned  at  Westminster,  1170,  and  again 
with  his  queen  at  Winchester,  1172 ;  on  bdn^  refused 
laudA  by  his  father  fled  to  the  French  court  and  joined  hi.H 
father's  enemies ;  reconciled  with  his  father,  1 174 ;  made 
war  on  his  brother  Richard  in  Aquitaine,  1182,  and  after- 
wards also  on  Henry  II:  struck  down  by  fever,  died 
penitent  at  Martel ;  buried  at  Rouen.  [xxvi.  95] 

HBMRT  OF  Cornwall  or  of  Almaine  (1236-1271), 
sou  of  Richard,  earl  of  Cornwall  and  king  of  the  Romans 
[q.  v.],  and  Isabella  Marshall ;  accompanied  his  father  to 
France,  1247  and  1260,  and  witnessed  his  coronation  at 
Aachen,  1257 ;  one  of  the  royal  nominee;)  to  draw  up 
constitution  at  Oxford,  1258 ;  as  partisan  of  Simon  de 
Moutfort  imprisoned  at  Boulogne,  1263;  joined  Prince 
Edward  and  fought  for  royalists  at  Lewc»,  1264,  when  he 
gave  himself  up  as  a  hostage;  iiient  to  lYance  to  treat 
with  Louis  IX,  1265;  commanded  expedition  against 
Robert,  earl  Ferrers  [q.  v.],  1266 :  co-opted  referee  under 
Dictum  dc  Kenil worth,  1267 ;  mediated  between  Henr>'  III 
and  Gloucester,  1267;  took  the  cross,  12C8;  followed 
Edward  to  Tunis  and  Sicily,  1270,  but  returned  to  settle 
the  affairs  of  Gasoony,  where  he  had  weight  through  his 
marriage  with  the  daughter  of  Gaston,  vicomte  de  IMarn ; 
accompanied  the  kings  of  France  and  Sicily  through  Italy 
to  Viterbo ;  murdered  at  church  by  Dc  Montfort's  sons 
and  Count  Rosso,  though  he  hod  not  even  been  present  at 
Evesham ;  his  heart  deposited  in  Westminster  Abbey. 

[xxvi.  96] 

HEHKT  OF  Lancaster,  Earl  of  Lancahter 
( 1281  ?-I345),  grandson  of  Heury  III  and  second  son  of 
Edmund,  eari  of  Lancaster  [see  Lancabtkr,  Eumusi), 
Earl  of]  ;  lord  of  Monmouth  and  Lancaster's  Welsh 
estates,  1296:  t<ummoned  a^  hnron,  1299;  served  with 
Edwanl  I  hn  Flanders  (1297-8)  and  Scotland,  1298 :  helped 
to  subdue  Llywelyn  Bren,  1316 ;  created  Earl  of  Lancaster 


604 


and  Leicester  aud  steward  of  England  on  death  of  his 
brother  Thomas  (1977-1892)  [q.  v.],  1324 ;  johied  Queen 
Isabella,  lS96,and  captured  Bdward  II  and  the  younger  , 
Despenser,  1396;   guardian  and  chief  oonnoillor  of  the  i 
young  Bdward  III :  formed  confederacy  against  Mortimer,  ; 
but  was  obliged  to  submit,  1899 ;  sent  on  embavsy  to 
France,  1330;  became  blind;  devised  overthrow  of  Mor- 
timer ;  founded  hospital  near  Leicester.         C^x^^*  ^00] 

HEKET  OF  Lakcastkk,  first  Dukb  of  Lancastkr 
09997-1861),  son  of  Henry,  earl  of  Lancaster  (1981?- 
1346)  [q.  v.]  ;  a  crusader  in  his  youth :  distinguished  at  cap- 
ture of  Dalkeith,  1333 :  summoned  as  Henry  de  Lancaster, 
1334 ;  created  Barl  of  Derby,  1887  :  sent  with  Sir  Walter 
Manny  [q.T.]  against  Oadsant,  1337 ;  with  Bdward  III  in 
Flanders,  1838-9,  lending  him  money :  dititiuguished  him- 
self at  Sluys,  1840;  captain-general  against  Scotland, 
1341-9,  overcoming  Sir  William  Douglas,  knight  of  Liddes- 
dale  [q.  v.]  in  a  tournament ;  went  on  missions  to  the 
pope  and  Alfonso  XI  of  Oaettle  ;  served  against  the  Moors 
at  Algeciras,  1343;  lieutenant  of  Aquitaine,  1846-7;  suc- 
ceeded to  his  father's  earldoms,  1847;  took  Beigerao, 
1846,  and  defeated  a  much  superior  French  force  at  Aube- 
roche,  and  stormed  Lnslgnan  and  Poitiers,  1346 ;  rein- 
forced Edwanl  at  Oalais,  1847 ;  an  original  K.G. ;  nego- 
tiated with  French  and  Flemish,  1848-9  ;  created  Earl  of 
Lincoln  and  captain  of  Oascouy  aud  Poitou,  1849 ;  promi- 
nent In  sea-flght  called  Espagnols-sur-mer,  1360  ;  created 
Duke  of  Lancaster,  with  pidatlne  jurisdicUon,  and  admiral 
of  western  fleet,  1361 ;  attacked  Boulogne,  1361 :  went  to 
Prussia  and  Poland,  1361-9,  and  to  Paris  to  fight  Otto  of 
Brunswick  for  an  attempt  to  waylay  him  in  Qermany, 
1369 ;  head  of  embassy  to  king  of  Kavarre,  1364 :  con- 
ducted campaigns  in  Normandy  and  Brittany,  1866-7; 
created  Earl  of  Moray  by  David  II,  1869;  co-operated 
with  Edward  in  France,  1869-60 ;  chief  negotiator  at  peace 
of  Bretigny,  1360;  died  of  the  pestilence  at  Leicester, 
where  he  added  to  his  father's  foundation  the  collegiate 
church  of  St.  Mary-the-Greater.  He  w^as  Edward  Ill's 
most  trusted  counsdlor,  and  esteemed  throughout  western 
Europe  as  a  perfect  kuight.  His  daughter  Blanche  (wife 
of  John  of  Gaunt)  was  ancestress  of  the  house  of  Lan- 
caster. [xxvL  101] 

HEKET  FREDERICK,  PiUKCs  of  Walbs  (1694- 
1619),  eldest  son  of  James  VI  of  Scotland  (James  I  of 
England) :  his  guardianship  by  the  Earl  of  Mar  objected 
to  by  the  queen  but  upheld  by  the  king ;  came  to  England 
with  Anne  of  Denmark ;  matriculated  at  Magdalen  (col- 
lege, Oxford,  1606 ;  a  Spanish  marriage  proposed  for  him ; 
friend  of  Ralegh ;  created  Prince  of  Wales,  1610 ;  died  of 
typhoid  fever ;  buried  in  Westminster  Abbey. 

[xxvL  106] 

HENRT,  DUKS  of  Gi/)Ucbbter  (1689-1 660X  third 
Bon  of  Charles  I :  styled  Hkn'RT  of  Oatlani>8  ;  placed 
under  care  of  Earl  of  Northnmberlsnd,  and  afterwards  of 
Oouutess  of  Leicester:  while  In  France  pressed  by  his 
mother,  Henrietta  Maria,  to  become  a  Romanist,  and  dis- 
owned on  his  refusal;  joined  his  brother  Oharles  at 
Oologne ;  distinguished  himself  as  a  volunteer  with  the 
Spanish  in  Flanders,  1667-8 ;  died  of  small-pox  in  London ; 
buried  In  same  vault  as  Mary  Queen  of  Scots  at  West- 
minster ;  highly  praised  by  Clarendon.  [xxvl.  108] 

HSNRT  FRXDXRIOK,  Ditkk  of  Oumbkhland  and 
Strathkar.v  (1746-1790X  fourth  son  of  Freieriok,  Prince 
of  Wales ;  privy  councillor  and  K.G.,  1767  ;  lO.OOOf. 
recovered  against  him  for  criminal  converfiatlon 
with  OounteM  Grosvenor,  1770;  alienated  his  brother, 
George  III,  by  clandestine  marriage  with  Mrs.  Horton, 
1771 ;  satirised  by  *  Junius.'  [xxvL  109] 

HENRY  BENEDIOT  MARIA  OLZMSVT,  Gardi- 
VAL  York  (1796-1807X  the  Jacobite  Hkxrt  IX ;  second 
son  of  OhevaUer  de  St.  George,  or  *  James  III ' ;  came  to 
bgland  to  support  his  brother  Charles  Edward  [q.  v.], 
1746 ;  on  return  to  Italy  l)ecanie  biiihop  of  Ostla  and  pre- 
fect of  St.  Peter's,  Rome,  cardinal  (1747X  archbishop  of 
Corinth  (1769),  and  bishop  of  Tnsculum  (1761) ;  asf^nmed 
title  Henry  IX,  1788 ;  his  residence  at  Frascati  sackeil  by 
French,  1799 ;  fled  to  Padua  aud  Venice ;  relieved  by 
gift  of  money  from  George  III ;  died  at  Frascati,  leaving 
crown  jewels  (carried  off  by  James  II)  to  G^rge  IV. 

[xxvL  110] 

HENRY  MAVRIGB  of  Battknbkro,  Princr(1868- 
1896),  third  son  of  Prince  Alexander  of  Hesse  (1828-1888) ; 
married  Princess  Beatrice,  youngest  daughter  of  (2ueen 


Victoria,  1886:  volunteered  with  Aabanti  expeditioearj 
tone,  1896,  and  died  of  fever.  [SnppL  ii.  411] 


Saixt  (>f.  1160),  apoctle  of  Ffnland;  d 

English  birth  ;  as  bishop  of  UpaaU  assisted  (Saint)  Erie 
IX  of  Sweden  in  bis  reforms,  and  accompanied  hfaa  M 
Finland,  ronainlng  behind  to  foand  churches  after  iti 
conquest :  slain  by  one  Lalli,  whom  be  bad  leiwoieJ  te 
homicide ;  hit  bones  translated  to  fik  Henxy's  Oattaadal 
Abo,  laoa  [xxvL  111] 

HENRY  OF  Abkxdox  (d.  1487),  warden  of  Mcrtoi 
OoUege,  Oxford ;  fellow  of  Merton  OoUege,  1390;  as  dth- 
gate  from  Oxford  to  council  of  Ooostanoe  dcfeadal 
priority  of  England  over  Spain,  1414 ;  warden  of  Meitn 
College,  1491;  completed  Merton  chapel  and  proviM 
belU ;  attended  council  of  Basle,  1439 ;  prebenlaiy  if 
Wells.  CxxvL  US] 

HENRY  OF  Bloib  (d.  1171),  bishop  of  Wlncherter: 
son  of  Stephen,  count  of  Blois,  and  yoonger  brother  o( 
King  Stephen  of  Enghind ;  educated  at  Olugny ;  abbot  ef 
Glastonbury,  1196-71,  where  he  built  a  palace  and  sbbey 
buildings ;  bisliop  of  Winchester,  1199-71 ;  nroaued  tki 
crown  for  Stephen  by  guaranteeing  liberty  of  the  cbarek, 
and  supported  him  at  siege  of  Exeter ;  aaid  to  faavs  fdM 
to  secure  the  papal  sanction  for  bis  trapslatfam  to  Quiier 
bury  (1188)  through  the  king's  influence ;  named  k^sleii 
England,  1189  ;  rebuked  Stephen  for  impriaoning  bUMiB 
of  Salisbury  and  Ely ;  persuaded  Stepnen  to  aOov  tie 
Empress  Matilda  to  join  Gloucester  at  Bristol,  IIH: 
negotiated  for  Stephen  with  Matilda  at  Bath,  1140;  eos- 
ferred  with  Louis  VII  on  English  affairs,  1140;  his  pn- 
posals  rejected  by  Stephen ;  joined  Matilda,  and  advocstri 
ner  claim  on  the  ground  of  Stephen's  treacbeiy  to  tk 
church,  1141 ;  offoided  by  her  and  won  over  by  ttc 
queen ;  besieged  by  the  empress  and  David  of  SooHsndis 
Wolvesey  OasUe,  Winchester,  but  receiving  help  frai 
Stephen  besieged  her  afterwards  in  Winchester ;  deslRifel 
Hyde  Abbey,  and  allowed  the  ci^  to  be  sacked;  tor«d 
scheme  for  making  his  see  metropolitan;  said  to  hsie 
received  pall  from  Rome,  1149 ;  hdd  ooancO  to  mitigitt 
the  evils  of  dvil  war,  1149 ;  upheld  election  of  his  nepbev, 
WiUlam  Fitsherbert  [q.  v.],  to  see  of  York,  bat  tat 
legateshlp  after  death  (1143)  of  Innocent  II;  oppond 
at  Rome  by  Bernard  of  Clalrvanx;  snroended  fniDhii 
bishopric  for  advising  Stephen  to  fiort>id  ArchbiihBp 
Theobald  to  attend  papal  coancil  at  Rheims,  IM; 
obtained  absolution  at  lUnne,  1161 ;  active  in  ftMWsrdttjf 
treaty  of  Wallingford,  1168 ;  left  England  (wbexe  Beuru 
destroyed  three  of  his  oastlesX  1166 ;  stayed  at  Gbgaj, 
becoming  its  greatest  benefactor ;  on  his  retim  e» 
•ecrated  Becket  as  primate,  1169 ;  gave  Beeket  sane*^ 
port  against  Henry  II,  though  proooondng  jadfBSt 
against  Becket  at  Northampton,  1164;  ofsspptoMd 
Becket's  conduct  after  his  flight,  but  sent  him  awaaoe: 
gaveawayall  his  goods  in  charitjtC  1168;  onhisdestbbri 
rebuked  the  king  for  Becket's  murder  ;  probaMy  boM 
before  the  high  altar  at  Winchester,  when  be  boiit  s 
treasure-house,  besides  founding  the  hospital  of  StCkosk 

[xxvLlll] 

HENRY  ov  Eaotrt  (<f.  1831 X  prior  of  Christ  Cbaitii, 
Canterbury,  1986-1831,  of  which  he  was  a  ^ntX  beae- 
factor ;  revived  claim  to  exercise  siriritoal  }ariaUclin 
over  Canterbury  during  vacancies ;  qoarrdkd  with  tin 
citizens  and  abbot  of  St.  Augustine's ;  supported  kn^ 
bishop  Robert  de  WlnchelMa  [q.  v.]  in  rerisong  tsntka. 
but  was  starved  into  submission  by  Bdward  1. 1997:  Vt 
letters  to  Archbishop  Reynolds  printed  in  *  Letter  Booto 
of  Christ  Church  *  (ed.  Dr.  Sheppard,  1887) ;  uaienicniri 
with  Archbishop  Meopham:  died  odebratiBg  nsw; 
earUest  existing  registers  of  the  oonvent  oompQed  bj  Ui 
direction ;  his  MS.  *  Memoriale  Henrioi  Frtofls '  in  Britiik 
Museum.  [xxtL  UJ] 

HENRY  OF  HUNTINODON  (1064?-1166X  Uifeonuj 
archdeao(m  of  Huntingdon  from  1109;  aoeomps^ 
Archbishop  Theobald  to  Rome,  11S9,  meeting  at  Bee  the 
Norman  historian  Robert  de  Tbrigny.  His  'Hiitoiis 
Anglorum,*  compiled  at  request  of  Blabop  AJexsate 
(rf .  1148)  [q.  V.I  of  Lincohi,  extends  in  latest  rorm  to  UU. 
It  was  first  printed  in  *Scriptores  post  Bedam,*  169C  (I^ 

grinted  by  Migne.  1864) ;  a  comptete  edition  (iDclikinf 
iographloal  episUe  *De  Ccmtemptu  Mundi')  ws6  pob- 
lished,  1879.  [uvL  118] 

HENRY  DB  Lbxinton  (tf.  1968^     iSit  LmxTOS 
or  LB8IK0T0X,  Hknrt  de.] 


605 


HBNSIiOW 


StT  DB  Lon!n>RiB  (dL  1SS8).    [See  Loundrbb.] 

lY  OF  Marlborough  or  Marleburgu  (Jl.  1490), 

Ticar  of  Balscaddaii  and  Oonabate,  ca  Dublin ; 

I  iumala  (1133-14S1)  of  England  and  Ireland 

y  Ware,  1633  (reprinted,  1809X  ^  'Ghronicle  of 

[xxvL  119] 

IT  the  Minstrel,  or  Blind  Harry  or  Hary(/. 
f>,  Scottish  poet :  aathor  of  poem  on  Wallace : 
1  in  Donbar's  *  Lament  for  the  Makp.ri8  *  (1608) ; 
a  native  of  Lothian,  writing  under  James  III : 
largely  a  translation  from  John  Blair  [q.  t.]  : 
dogy  and  general  accuracy  discredited  by  HaUea 
s,  bat  in  some  inntanocs  corroborated ;  complete 
fk  (1488)  in  Advocates*  Library.  The  best 
litiovui  are  those  of  Jamieson  and  Moir  (1886-6) ; 
3amilton  of  OUbertfleld's  modem  version  (17S2) 
loce  familiar  than  the  originaL        [xxvL  120] 

IT  08  Newark  or  Newbrk  (tf.  1899).  [See 
] 

IT    DR    Nrwburoh,    Earl    op    Warwick 
[See  Newburgh.] 

IT  OP  Saltrbt  (Jl.  11(0),  CXstercian  of  Saltrey 
■y,  Huntingdonshire :  obtained  from  his  friend, 
4  Loath  [q.  v.],  story  of  his  'Pnrgatorium 
atrioU,*  indaded  in  Matthew  Paris**  *  Chronica 
and  first  printed  in  Massingham's  *  Florilegium 
lootonun  Hiberuie,'  1684.  [xxvL  188] 

ftT,  JAMES  (1798-1876X  physician  and  classic ; 
allist.  Trinity  CoUege,  Dublin ;  M.A.,  1882 ;  M.D., 
ictiaed  in  Dublin  tiU  1846,  after  which  he  tra- 
oagh  Europe  making  Yirgilian  researches  ;  pub- 
xse  translation  of  iBneid  L  and  li.,  1846.  and 
lis  '  .fineidea '  appeared  1873-9.         [xxvi.  182] 

RT,  MATTHEW  (1662-1714X  commentator: 
lilip  Henry  [q.  v.] ;  studied  law  at  Gray's  Inn ; 
trmist  minister  at  Chester,  1687-1712,  afterwards 
Street,  Hackney ;  his  *  Exposition  of  the  Old  and 
itament'  (1708-10),  completed  by  thirteen  non- 
st  divines  after  his  death,  edited  (1811)  by  Q. 
q.  T.]  and  John  Hughes,  and  often  abridged ; 
oeoos  Writings  *  edited,  1809  and  1830. 

[xxvi.  123] 
KT,  PHILIP  (1631-1696),  nonoonfom^st  divine ; 
ith  prinoeB  Charles  and  James  as  a  child;  favourite 
Bidiaid  Bnst^  [q.  v.]  at  Westminster ;  student 
t  Chareh,  Oxford,  1647;  M.A.,  1662;  witnessed 
I  of  Charles  L  1649;  minister  of  Worthenbury, 
IT  in  family  <rf  Mr.  Justice  Puleston,  1663-60; 
re-oidination ;  imprisoned  on  suspicion  of  con- 
1663 ;  preached  as  a  nonconformist,  1672-81 ; 
'  keeping  conventicles;  disputed  publicly  with 
and  with  Bishop  William  Lloyd  [q.  v.]  and  the 
Iwell,  1688 ;  conflned  at  Chester,  1686  ;  ministered 
Oak,  Flintshire,  after  Toleration  Act ;  his  '  Life ' 
by  his  son:  *Bemains'  edited  by  Sir  J.  B. 
,  1848 ;  *  Diaries  *  published,  1882.     [xxvi.  184] 

KT,  BOBEBT  (1718-1790),  historian  ;  studied  at 
^ :  DJ).  Edinburgh,  1771 ;  presbyterian  minister 
ely  at  Cailisle,  Berwick,  New  Grey  Friars,  Edin- 
768)  and  old  Grey  Friars,  1776-90 ;  moderator  of 
iseembly,  1774 ;  received  poision  in  1781  for  his 
of  England*  (6  vols.  1771-86,  6th  voL  1793). 

[xxvi.  126] 
KT,  THOMAS  (1734-1816),  chemist;  practised 
eoD-iq>otbeeary  in  Manchester;  secretary,  Man- 
itenury  and  Philosophical  Society,  1781,  and  pre- 
807;  patented  prooess  for  preparing  calcined 
i ;  issued  *  Experiments  and  Observations,*  1773 ; 
r7S :  member  of  Amerioan  Philosophical  Society ; 
d  Lavoisier's  chemical  essays,  1776  and  1783: 
srved  use  of  carbonio  acid  to  plants  ;  published 
s  of  Albert  de  Haller,*  1783  ;  assisted  in  fonnda- 
oUege  of  Arts  and  Sciences  at  Manchester. 

[xxvL  127] 
&T,  Sir  THOMAS  a807-1876),  poUoe  magistrate 
!th  Street,  Whitechapel,  1840-6,  chief  magistrate 
Street,  1864 ;  knighted,  1864 ;  barrister.  Middle 
1889 ;  drew  Extradition  Act  and  treaties  con- 
erewith.  [xxvi.  128] 


',  WILLIAM  (d.  1768),  dean  of  KiUaloe ;  DJX 

Dublin,  1760;  chaplain  to  Bishop  Josiah  Hort  [q.  v.l; 
rector  of  Killeeher,  1731,  of  Umey,  1734 ;  dean  of  Ril- 
laloe,  1761-8 :  F.R.S.,  1766 ;  his  '  Description  of  Lough 
Erne'  printed,  1873.  [xxvi.  128] 


WILLIAM  (1 774-1 R36).  chemist;  son  of 
Thomas  Henry  [q.  v.] ;  M.D.  Edinburgh,  1807 ;  published 
'General  View  of  Nature  and  Objects  of  Chemistry,'  1799, 
*  Epitome  of  Chemistry,'  18U1 ;  expanded  into  'Elements 
of  Experimental  Chemistry '  (11th  ed.  1829)  :  F.R.S.,  18U6, 
and  Ck>pley  medallist.  [xxvi.  129] 

HSKBTBOK,  EDWARD  (1610  ?-1690  ?X  Scottish 
judge ;  graduate  o(  Bonrges  and  professor  of  Koman  law 
there,  1664 ;  defended  Eqoinar  Baron's  treatise  on  law  of 
jurisdiction  against  Govea ;  published  al£0 '  Commentatlo 
in  Tit.  x.  Libri  Secundi  Institutionnm  dc  Testameutis 
Ordinandls,'  1666 ;  oommisaaxy  in  Scotland,  1563  ;  extra- 
ordinary lord  of  session,  1666 ;  edited  revision  of  Scottish 
laws  (1424-1664).  [xxvi.  129] 

HEKET80K  or  HEKDESSOK,  ROBERT  (1430?- 
1606  ?),  Scottish  poet ;  original  member  of  Qla^ow  Uni- 
versity, 1462 ;  probably  a  clerical  schoolmaster  attaolMd 
to  Dunfermline  Abbey ;  his '  Tale  of  Orpheus  *  first  printed, 
1608  :  his  *  Testament  of  Cresseid '  attributed  to  Chauoer 
till  1721,  though  printedi  as  his  own  in  1693 :  his  *  Morall 
Fables  of  Esope  the  Phrygian '  printed,  1621 ;  '  Poems  and 
Fables '  collected  and  edited  by  Dr.  D.  Laing,  1866. 

[xxvi.  180] 

HSNBT80K  or  HSVDXRBOK,  Sir  THOMAS,  Lord 
Chrstkrb  (cf.  1638),  lord  of  sesifion,  1622-37 ;  knighted ; 
son  of  Edward  Henryson  [q.  v.]  [xxvi.  181] 

HEN8ST,  FLORENCE  iJI.  1768),  spy :  M.D.  Leyden : 
physician  in  Paris  and  London ;  supplied  information 
to  French  foreign  ofllce  during  seven  years'  war,  contri- 
buting to  failure  of  Rochefort  expedition,  1767  :  convicted 
and  oondenmed  to  death,  1768 ;  pardoned,  1769. 

[xxvi.  181] 

HEKBHALL,  SAMUEL  (1764  7-1807),  philologist; 
educated  at  Manchester  and  BrasencMe  College,  Ox- 
ford (fellow) ;  M.A.,  1789 ;  rector  of  Bow,  1802-7  ;  pub- 
lished *  The  Saxon  and  English  Languages  reciprocally 
iUustrative*  (1798),  •  The  Gothic  Gospel  of  St.  Matthew,* 
1807,  and  some  topographical  works.  [xxvi.  138] 

HEHBHAW,  JOSEPH  (1603-1679),  bishop  of  Peter- 
borough :  educated  at  Charterhouse  aud  Magdalen  HaU, 
Oxford ;  BJL,  1684  ;  D.D.,  1639 ;  chaplain  to  the  Earl  of 
Bristol  and  Duke  of  Buckingham ;  held  benefices  in  Sussex ; 
as  'delinquent*  had  to  compound  for  his  estate,  1646; 
precentor  and  dean  of  Chichester,  1660 :  dean  of  Windsor, 
1660 ;  bishop  of  Peterborough,  1603-79 :  his  '  Horse  Succis- 
8ive*(1631)  edited  by  W.  Tnmbull,  1839,  and  'Medita- 
tions '  (1637)  reprinted  at  Oxford,  1841.         [xxvi.  138] 

HEHBHAW,  NATHANIEL  (d.  1673),  physidan; 
MJ).  Leyden  and  Dublin;  F.R.S.,  1663:  practised  in 
Dublin;  published  '  Aero-Chalinos :  or  a  Register  for  the 
Air,'  1664  (seoond  edition,  1677,  printed  by  R^al  Society). 

[xxvL  184] 

HEVBHAW,  THOMAS  (1618-1700X  author ;  brother 
of  Nathaniel  Henshaw  [q.  v.]  ;  of  University  College,  Ox- 
ford, and  Middle  Temple ;  served  in  French  army,  re* 
mfttping  abroad  some  years  :  barrister ;  genUeman  of  the 

Srivy  council  and  French  nnder-secretary  to  Charles  II, 
ames  U,  and  WUliam  III ;  an  original  F.R.S.,  1668 ; 
envoy  extraordinary  in  Denmark,  1678-6.  His  works  in- 
clude a  translation  of  Samedo's  history  of  China,  1666, 
and  an  edition  of  Stephen  Skinner's '  Etymologicon  Lingus 
AngUcanse,'  1671.  [xxvi.  134] 

HEHBLOW,  JOHN  STEVENS  (1796-1861),  botanist: 
educated  at  Rochester  and  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge ; 
sixteenth  wrangler,  1818;  M.A.,  1821;  F.L.S.,  1818: 
assisted  Sedgwick  in  founding  Cambridge  Philosophical 
Society;  Cambridge  professor  of  mineralogy,  1822-7,  of 
botany,  1827-61 ;  recommended  his  pupil  Charles  Robert 
Darwin  [q.  v.]  as  naturalist  to  the  Beagle:  vicar  of 
Hitcham,  Suffolk,  1839 ;  published '  Letters  to  the  Farmeri 
of  Suffolk '  on  scientific  agriculture,  1848 ;  discovered  phoe- 

Ehatic  nodules  in  Suffolk  Crag,  1843 ;  member  of  London 
fnivexsity  senate  and  examiner  in  botany :  presided  over 
discussion  on  '  Origin  of  Species  *  at  British  Association, 
1861 ;  assisted  Sir  W.  J.  Hooker  at  Kew ;  works  include 
'Catalogue  of  British  Plants,'  1829, '  Dictionary  of  Botani- 
cal Terms,*  1867.  [xxvi.  136] 


HBNSIjOWB 


eo6 


HEPBURN 


HEVBLOWX,  PHILIP  (<l.  1616),  theatrical  manager ; 
settled  in  Soathwark,  1677,  where  he  became  a  dyer,  pawn- 
broker, and  mon^-Iender ;  ertoom  of  rojral  chamber,  1693, 
aiid  sevirer,  1608 ;  rebuilt  and  managed  the  lUwe  play- 
hoase  on  Bankslde  till  1603,  and  afterwards  the  theatre  at 
Newingtou  Butts  and  the  Swan  on  Bankside ;  associated 
with  inward  Allcyn  [q.  v.]  in  management  of  the  Fortune 
in  Golden  Lane,  Gripplegate  Without,  1600-16,  and  In 
other  enterprises :  bought  plays  from  Dekker,  Drayton, 
Chapman,  and  other  dramatists,  most  of  which  are  lost : 
extracts  from  his  diary  (preserved  at  Dulwich)  printed 
by  Malone,  and  the  whole  (with  foi^fed  interpolations)  by 
J.  P.  Collier,  1846.  [xxTi.  136] 

HEKSKAN,  JOHN  (1780-1864),  divine:  feUow  of 
Corpus  Christi,  Cambridge :  ninth  wrangler,  1801 ;  assis- 
tant to  Charles  Simeon  [q.  v.]  at  Cambridge ;  brought 
about  building  of  new  parish  church  at  Clifton,  189S; 
incumbent  of  Trinity,  Hotwells,  1880-44 ;  held  living  of 
Clifton,  1847-64 ;  chapel  of  ease  consecrated  as  a  memorial 
of  him,  1863.  [xxvi.  138] 

HEN80K,  QRAYENER  (1786-1862),  author  of  a  work 
on  the  frame- work  knitting  and  lace  trades  (1831)  and 
similar  subjects :  imprisoned  for  compUoity  in  Luddite 
riots ;  expert  in  detecti<m  of  smugglers.        [xxvL  138] 

HEKBTBISOE,  DANIBL  (d.  1736X  arganist  at 
Bochester  and  (1700-36)  Canterbury,  and  composer. 

[xzvi.  189] 
HENTOK  or  HZZHTOK,  SIMON  (>f.  1360X  Domi- 
nican provincial  in  England  and  commentator. 

[xxvi.  189] 
HEHTY,  EDWARD  (1809-1878%  pioneer  of  Victoria, 
forming  Portland  Bay  settlement,  1834 ;  member  for  Nor- 
manby  in  Legislative  Assembly,  1866-61.        [xxvi.  139] 

HENWOOD,  WILLIAM  JORY  (1806-1876X  minera- 
logist: supervisor  of  tin  for  Com>^'all,  18SS-«:  F.a.8., 
1838 ;  F.R.Sm  1840 :  took  charge  of  €h>ugo-Sooo  mines, 
Brazil,  1843 ;  reported  to  TucUan  government  on  metals 
of  Knmaon  and  Gurhwal,  1866 ;  president  of  Royal  Insti- 
tute of  Cornwall,  1869:  Morohison  medallist,  1874:  his 
name  given  to  hydrous  phosphate  of  aluminium  and 
copper.  [xxvL  189] 

HBPBTJBV,  FRANCIS,  or  FRANCIS  KBR  (1779- 
1886X  major-general :  s^ved  with  3rd  foot  (now  Scots) 
guards  in  Ireland,  1798,  Holland,  1799,  and  Sicily; 
wounded  at  Barossa,  1811;  present  (1818)  at  Vittoria, 
Nivdile,  and  the  Nive;  commanded  3nd  battalion  in 
Netherlands,  1814-16  ;  commanded  at  Hongonmont,  1816 : 
O.B. :  major-general,  1831.  [xxvi.  140] 

SEPBTJRir,  FRANCIS  STEWART,  fifth  Earl  of 
Both  WELL  (d.  1634%  known  by  name  of  his  mother 
(Lady  Jane  Hepburn),  sister  of  James  Hepburn,  fourth 
earl  of  Bothwell  [q.  v.],  whose  Utle  and  offices  be  received 
on  the  report  of  his  d»th,  1676 ;  his  father  a  natural  son 
of  James  Y  :  supporter  of  the  regent  Morton ;  abroad  at 
time  of  Morton's  fall:  on  return  poaed  as  protestant 
champion  and  successor  of  his  uncle  Moray :  a  favourite 
with  James  VI  till  discovery  of  his  complicity  in  raid  of 
Rnthvo),  1683 :  joined  Patrick  Gray's  conspiracy  against 
Arran,  1686  :  with  Home  fortified  Kelso  for  the  banished 
lords,  1686 :  killed  Sir  WiUiam  Stewart  at  Edinburgh, 
1688;  urged  James  to  take  advantage  of  the  Spanish 
Armada  to  invade  England :  his  influence  destroyed  by 
rise  of  Maitland ;  joined  catholic  rebellion,  but  was  par- 
doned by  intercession  of  the  kirk :  during  James's  abflenoe 
in  Denmark  assisted  Lennox  as  president  of  privy  council ; 
on  his  return  accused  of  consulting  witches  and  out- 
lawed, 1691 :  attempted  to  capture  the  king  and  Maitland 
in  Holyrood,  1691 :  denounced  by  James  to  parliament  as 
a  pretender  to  the  ttirone,  1698;  attempted  to  capture 
him  in  Falkland  Palace,  1698;  sentenced  to  forfeiture, 
but  introduced  by  Maitland's  enemies  into  James's 
presence  disguised,  1693 ;  temporarily  pardoned,  but  soon 
denounced  again :  appeared  with  force  at  Leith  and  was 
unsuccessfnUy  pursued  by  James,  1694 ;  expelled  from 
England ;  again  joined  the  catholic  lords  in  the  north, 
1694 ;  fled  from  Caithness  to  Normandy,  1696 ;  died  in 
poverty  at  Naples.  [xxvi.  140] 

HEPBTJBir,  Sir  GEORGE  BUCHAN,  first  baronet 
(1739-1819),  baron  of  the  SootUsh  exchequer ;  solicitor  to 
lords  of  session,  1767-90;  judge  of  admiralty  court, 
1790-1 :  baron  of  Scottish  exchequer,  1791-1814 ;  created 
baronet,  1816;  published  work  oa  agrioolture  of  East 
Lothian,  1796.  [xxvi.  146] 


HEPBUSV,  JAMBS,  fourth  Earl  ov 
(1636  ?-1678),  husband  of  Mary  Queen  of  Soa^ 
Patrick  Hepburn,  third  earl  [q.  v.] :  sncoeete?^ 
(Utary  offices  of  his  father,  1666;  though  oom:^ 
testant,  was  strong  supporter  of  the  qoeen-dowa^i^ 
French  party ;  intercepted  money  sent  by  the  I. 
lords  of  the  congregation,  1669 :  his  castle  aV 
seised  by  Arran  and  Lord  James  Stuart  after 
with  the  treasure .  sent  on  a  foreign  missic: 
queen-dowager,  1660;  visited  Denmark:  at 
came  gentleman  of  the  royal  chamt)er,  1660 :  re 
Scotland  as  a  commissioner  for  Mary  Qaeei= 
1661 :  banished  from  Edinburgh  for  a  brawl 
Hamiltons;  reconciled  to  Arran  by  Knox  a- 
Field;  charged  by  Arran  with  design  to  cir 
queen  to  Dumbarton ;  escaped  from  ward,  156S 
by  the  English  while  escaping  to  France  ao<l  e 
Tower,  1664 ;  allowed  to  go  to  France  on  repre 
of  Mary  and  MaiUand  :  on  return  to  Sootlaod 
meet  his  accusers,  but  failed  to  appear,  1666 :  bj 
Mary  allovred  to  retire  to  France ;  recalled  by 
to  hdp  her  against  Moray,  1666 :  escaped  captu 
English,  and  obtained  great  influence  with  Mary 
lAdy  Jean  Gordon,  but  remained  protestant,  IM 
in  Holyrood,  had  no  share  in  murder  of  Riz 
jc^ned  Mary  and  Darnley  on  their  escape  to  Dun 
acquired  increasing  influence  over  the  queen,  wb 
him  lands  and  Dunbar  Castle;  temporarily 
with  Moray  and  Maitland ;  wounded  by  an  oa 
the  Hermitage,  1666:  entertained  Mary  at  D 
Craigmillar  said  to  have  favoured  Mary'ss  <liT 
Itatrniey,  and  afterwards  signed  the  bond  for  hb 
1666:  ftiiled  to  obtain  Morton's  help:  sup 
arrangements  for  Darnley 's  lodging  at  Kir 
escorted  Daniley  and  Mary  into  Edinburgh  (31 J 
consulted  subordinate  plotters  in  apartments  at 
had  powder  brought  from  Dunbar  and  plao 
queen's  room  below  that  of  Darnley  at  Ki 
(9  F^.) :  went  above  before  Mary  set  out  f 
appeared  there,  but  left  at  midnight  and  directerj 
of  the  train:  attributed  the  explosion  to  liitrht: 
generally  suspected  of  Daml^'s  munler,  but  <<ti 
by  Mary  and  (with  Huntly )  given  charge  of  Prii 
1667 ;  acctund  by  Lennox,  but  prevented  Leuno: 
ance,  and  obtained  formal  acquittal  (IS  Ap 
obtained  written  agreement  of  protestant  lord^ 
his  marriage  with  the  queen  (19  April) :  carr 
(perhaps  by  consent)  to  Dunbar  (31  April) :  oi 
irregular  divorce  from  his  wife  (7  May) :  marrit 
at  Holyrood  (16  May  1667) ;  created  Duke  of  C 
Shetland,  1667;  threatened  at  Holyrood  by  tl 
fled  with  the  queen  to  Borthwick  Castle ;  left  h 
to  Dunbar ;  marched  on  Edinburgh,  but  when  i 
lords  at  Carberry  Hill  was  persuaded  by  Mary  u 
1667;  rode  to  Dunbar  and  thence  went  uori 
Huntly ;  escaped  to  Kirkwall ;  gathered  togeth 
fleet,  which  was  pursued  by  Kirkcaldy  of  Qra 
North  Sea :  landed  in  Norway,  whence  he  w 
Denmark,  1867  ;  his  surrender  refused  by  tl 
Denmark,  who  kept  him  in  conflnement :  while 
hagen  composed  *Les  Affaires  du  Conte  de  Ik 
moved  to  MalmiS ;  offered  cession  of  Orkney  am 
in  exchange  for  release,  1668;  his  divorce  f: 
passed  by  the  pope,  1670;  removed  to  clo^icr 
Drangholm,  1673 :  became  gradually  insiine  : 
Faareveile  Church ;  deathbed  confession  not  au 

[x: 

HEPBTJBir,  JAMBS  (1573-1630X  linguist: 
BorAVEXTURR ;  travelled  in  Europe  and  the  ea* 
order  of  Minims  at  Avignon  :  six  years  orienU 
Vatican  Library :  published  an  Arabic  grHnin 
translation  into  lAtin  of  ^Kettar  Malcutb,' 
works ;  died  at  Venice.  [xj 

HEPBUBN.  Sir  JAMBS  (d.  1637),  soldier : 
his  cousin.  Sir  John  Hepburn  [q.  v.],  as  com 
Soots  brigade ;  killed  at  Damvillers.  [x: 

HEPBTJBK,  JOHN  (d.  1633),  prior  of  St. 
1483  ;  brother  of  Patrick  Hepburn,  first  earl  ol 
[q.  v.]  :  founder  of  St.  Leonard's  College,  1512  : 
keeper  of  the  privy  seal  of  Scotland :  uu&ucees 
date  for  archbishopric  of  St.  Andrews,  1614.  [x 

HEPBTJBir,  Sir  JOHN  (1698  ?-1636),  <>old 
tune;  though  a  Roman  catholic,  joined  Scottis 
service  of  etector  palattoe,  1630 ;  fought  under 


•Bd  of  EvMtliii  rt^nte 
t  fi :  Bwedlib  Ronrnor  at 
■t  the  Scots  br^Klc  ISII 


«^';  took  lun  bi  mar^rhjil-ilf-ean^  Ln  ood- 
r-runf,  lg34-B;  oapturnl  bf  impcriallBtfl,  but 
■Uted  in  RlLet  of  Hneenui.  liOt;  obtaloal 

UbI  dnlniyed  lit  moluUoD.'        [»<L  US] 
ran.   FATRIOK.  tblM  Uxaoy  UailebadiI 
OT>  BOTHWELL  (d.  1MR).  8iic««lel  his  fattier 
UDO  Hatlu :  .IrrxadM  Ilcroick  ngiiin^t  Bn^iih. 

i1  Bdlflbni^b,  tonl  high  ndiotral  UKt  mnsl«r  of 

r  mdrriii^  of  Jfttoa  TV  imd  Hargant  Ti^or, 

[jIYt  15BJ 
lUEM,  PATRICK,  tbW  Eihl  o»  Bothwh-l 


IviKDed  (lAni  fcT  proteotlsg  bonier  muiuiderH  \ 
I  anvkoi  te  NoitbiUDbaiiuid  anUut  Srotltmd, 
jhaoaai  kt  Bdinbaiigb  umI  buLUhed  fnm  Boot- 
I:  letunial,  IMl,  and  rauoiEd  pouisiioD  ol 
I  and  HermitHe  Outle:  ictol  wltb  Ooidiiul 
^ut  En«U>b  pHtj,  and  brDagbc  qaeEH-dourtger 


i  for  intiHgds  with  SaKlmd.  IM 

';  RCkLlcd  by  qoeoi'dowo.BeT,  I 

dcr.lN]. 

UUI.  P&TSIOK  <rf.  inii).  bl 


USX,  nOBEHT  (imiOT'lIlJJ,  n 


■  Mukriuabical  PlijaiiH,'  IStT-       [i"!'  )13] 
PATH.    Wn-LIAH    (17»«-lg88),    nnaljlki 
Dxubi  of  John  HeraiMtb  [q.  t.]  ;  a  fonnilFr  of 
o  Obenjlial  Society ;  profBMor  of  cbemiit ■ 


UB.  JOHN  ABRAHAM  (17M-1887),  nutboi 
IribatBl  to  ■  Qnarlerl J  ■ :  (nonilDl  IbpOatlylBi. 


ULT.  JOHN  (ltee<ie96).  baUlS  of  Jem 
CollFge.  Oifonl;  as,  baUIIT.  IGU,  viud 
r  John  Pe>Toii(lH4-lS3U)  [q,T.)  rigM  of  otowp 

2BT     HH      LosiKQi      (lOMT-IUSi.       [3» 


■tudyol  holy  writ  at  wnn 
the  Iftvt  ^  brought  hloj  lo 

loBnglaial.  lL7U,lHitwa» 

;n   ttati   othoT  workf.  printol  [r 
rbomM  OantimriruBl-'    ■"'■'■■      - 

ALFRSSfeJ.  IMI ),  vatur-mloiiT  painter  1 

[«tL1«H]  ■ 

ALGBRN'ON  njoi-natx    t 


if  Mertod  CoUege, 


HERBEEtT.    AHKB.  CiicKTKSt  of  Pehbboke  akd 

iN-mniiERV  i«B0-le7«).    (See  Ou?«)iin,  Asnk.] 

HERBEKT,      AHTHDR.    EiBL    on     ToBuraQTOK 

(IU7-iri6).  ulminlof  the  fleet;  MOODd  Hm  ol  Sir  Bd' 

-'  HiiTbcrt  (1SB1?-I6tr)  [q.T.l;  »nlcr«l  navy,  IBM  ; 

1  B^aEnst  the  Dutch,  laefi.  and  ai^[D9t  AlgrrLna 

r%.  166^71 ;  ootoEaaadal  the  ttrfadnought  at  BolO' 

ISTt,  nod  the  OambrldRc  1S73-6;    loat  an  e^  in 


Boiitry  Vny  '.  r&iigiwl  the  admlr 
oient  flqaadrni  DbLKol  by  queen': 
FrEocb  fleet  olT  Deacbj'  Haul.  IS 


r.ivt.  i; 

XEXBBBT,  KDWARD,   Bret  BtnoN  kERBXIr 
HKiinimv  (Isas-iBiS),  pblliiwplier,  [ '       ' 


ty  OoUegc.  Otfont.  tuuithl  hi 


tider,  and  foiwt 


Ught  «I«1 

IdudJ. 

aOB-lQ :  ™ 

joined  F 

Flted 
ore. 

be 

p'w'? 

.■satoj 

rL,  bat  »u 

Im'^ril 

^?<.'X 

Ljoi 

stayed  wltl 

Pilncv 

rc^ 

•M»«lora( 

rU. 

upporl 

for  elector 

and   9 

Charia 

Piling  with 

h     ktUg'l    filVDII 

rite  Dh  Lu 

'^^ 

i!^^"«: 

DUTTiafie   ne^otiatlouB :    ncdTOd   in  IrL 
baron jr  of  ObertintJ.t***,  ami  Kstln  copm 

mltlal  to  the  Toner  (or  n^allrt  ."peech  Ui 


le  Dl  liU  uxecuWre.    ^t 


■iitnMasTspbj  flo  ISU),  pTtnti 


bl  Mr.   Kiilmn  Ln-.  IHHt. 

^ ^unult!.  Hl»  "bo  Toritat*' 

il^rti,  16M,  Lpmioii,  IMS),  the  chief  d[  hl>  pliUfWiphlMl 
varln.  le  Cbe  flnt  pnirly  iMtaphx>l''Kl  nork  by  nn  KnRllih- 
nnn.  Ilwu  DnIiivnuIkbljcrlURliiFdbyBaitiT.  Locke,  ind 
rirheif,bnt«HninemlBlbyOaHt3idlBndDe>4Artr4.  Tlxm^b 
iiBiBtrt  thefetburof  KnBliihilelini,  H«rbEn'i  imL.mnLty 
mnvlthtlicCiinbrkl^Pbitaiil'lii.  Klipoeiutwenetltel 
hj  Mr.  OhBrion  CoUliin  IWH  :  hi:'  ■  Life  d[  Hfnrj  VllI' 
IHjxitniBtio]  flm  put>1lihsl,1M9.  t^ITl.  179] 

HXBBIST,   F^llt    EDWARD  (lHt?-let7).    jwigt: 

<«iulii  n(  Blinnl  Hwbert,  --■ ' "—■ — •  -"  '"■— 

bury  [i|.  v.]:  barrlBter,  liiuEc  irjupir, 
miH:  M.P^  Monttnmm;.  1610.  DDwot 
SRnirn.  ID41 :  h  miiniunT  of  BacUiiKhRni' 

Olmrlcn  t'l  queen,  leu  :  valitalbipnaiMuuuu  dl  i-ijum 
Diirtim,  nnd  Butwlck.  laJ:  H)Ucitor>gaienl.  IIHO 
■ItorDey-i^nenl,  1B41:  knlgbtol,  IB41 :  Impcuhed.  Im 
prleoncd.  snl  Inapnii^Uited,  ia41,  tor  h1i  >Iwr  Is  ibor 
tlTC  ImpeKhment  ol  fix  memtml  joined  raftUiti 
declliiHl  lorl-kB^TPrehlft  IWl:  neqimt-'"     -  ■'"- 


Imrpti  Herbert  Dt  C 
.    16M-9,  O 


n  m   nith   Pdno 
Cliat"       ""      " "" 


i^:\ 

SB  :  dial  >l  Paris. 

OnKRBlT 

T(d.  lBJ8),gtMJ«, 

a  ol 

College, 

il  tn  Hcmgc.  1S» :  h^OeCtst 
«  acbenK  lOr  creaUDn  oi  hh  o[  HuicbnUi  by  anion 
•I  Bungor  aod  St.  Aapb  eelebnt<il  by  foandHtlon  o( 
Powli  eiblbiUoui,  IMT:  prealilent  of  Roibarghe  Oliib. 
ISH :  eanlldite  (or  chinnOlonblp  of  Ounbridge,  1U7 ; 
kccldeDlally  killed.  [xitI.  184] 

BXRBEBT,  GBOBOE  (UU-IBU}, dlTlne  tnd  poet; 
brother  at  BdwBrd  Herbert,  Bnl  boron  Herbert  of  Ober. 
bun  [q.  T.]  ;  Dt  Weltmliutcr  and  Trinity  Collnre,  Cam- 
bridge: nuior  lelloo,  1S1«;  U.k.,  leig:  public  ontor, 
I<t19-S7  i   iDdncod  to  adopt  rcll^oUA  life  by  Nleliolu 

aoceptfdbneflaof  IkiaerCon,WlltehLi«,by  IalmI'i  cidrin, 
ISM);  ordcbied prteit,  lUO  :  'Tbe Temple:  Siered  Poemi 
lUid  Prftnte  BlaculaUona-  (pttp>™i  lorprem  byFermr. 
ISR]),  read  by  Chntlm  I  \n  prison,  and  highly  cou^mended 
by  Graahaw,  Henry  VoufrhaD,  Duler,  uid  Coleridge  i  hid 
cblef  proK  work.  ^  A  Priat  to  the  Temple,'  flnt  printed 
In  bli  'Remalni.'  IM>:  complete  u'ork>^  edited  hy  Dr. 
OroMrt,  1874.  Kli  Literary  ityle  was  inflocnee.!  by  Ibat 
o(  Donee.  [i[iTl,l§sl 

HSXBXKT,  QBOBOE  AUaUBTCS,  eleventh  Rtni. 

1BS7),  general  (i«d  «  Henry  Herbert,  tentb  cu!  or  Pein- 
binie  [q.  T.]);  enl«Bd  armi.  1771.  UeaKnaat-coloneL 
find  lita^xn  goanld.  1 


e^tumberl^n,  17 


i  KB., 


;,  OBOBOB   ROBKRT   OHASLBE 
(lUO-IBBB),  ton  ol  Sidney  Baitaat,flnt 


Md  with  Dr.  Oeorge  Henry  Klngriey  [i.ij, 
lE  publl>hel  ■flouUi  Sck  BabhlH.'  in: 

n  pnbKebcd.  ISM.  (SoppL  h.  til] 


Dl  Ijuij  Jdie  u 
KbiB   I'hlllp  o 


[«>■ 


.IM] 


BSHBIST,  Rut  HEMRY  (ISM-ltTSX 

reveln;  brotber  of  Oeorge  Herbert (IIU-1U1H«< 'J: 
knighted.  I  Ml :  Intiwlnoed  Baxter  at  coart:  at  bMh 
of  tbe  rcveU  elatnad  luriidlction  orer  all  poMr  «» 
taiumenta,  em  tloeuiriig  eoow  hooka  i  bla  Jnlcaeit  It 
UceDKlnglfldd]eMn'>'Oamro(CheaH,-lBH,qDertMil: 
VeDtiemul  of  ptiij  obamber,  attendlnf  CbwlM  I  l> 
gcottlgh  eipedi&ou.  lU* :  oMIgail  to  compound  toU 

ticeu'c  pUy,  poemi,  and  balladi,  IMS :  leaied  hk  i«> 
to  ilfputlea,  1U3 ;  H.F.  Bewdiey,  from  1U1 :  (rial  4 

HKXEY,  fourth  Baros   BnaEK  w 


BEBBZBT,  HHKRT.  erMlal  Bahox  Hnaanif 
CRKttBT.-HT  (IU4-17W),  BOO  i<  Sir  Heoiy  Herbert  [i^ij: 
of  Trinity  Oollega,  UxColi  H.F,  Bewdlty,  lliHI: 
pTomoud  rerolaUon  In  Woceeatenblre :  crtalal  turn 
Herbert.  IMt,  and  CaaCleliland  (Ireland),  l«tt :  Ral» 
tionernr  trade,  1707;  cbairmanDfcoaimlttna  In  BiH< 
Lordu  :  a  tealoiu  whUf.  la^Mt] 


]n(il.l7U),acB<(aBiT 
rbnri- (1M*-17MH*'>|: 
P.,  Bevdiey,  1701:  IBF 

t«TllMl 


.  . tbe  utole,  in»;  tbrice ,_ 

F.B&,  171S:  lieatcnant-goMral.l7U;  promolrt u»*» 
or lliat  WwUniniter  Brldge(17n-C0):  dedgntd Dnnp 
menta  at  Wlttoo  Hoow  wd  elaairbent.  [int.  IN] 

_ .  HBXBY,  tenlb  Bahi.  OF  PmaDU  m 
SiBL  or  MoHraoiocRT  ( I TM-I TM  ),  geual :  ■» 
iiuucu  canity  brinda  Id  Ovnuny.  17ao-l :  natUaM 
Method  of  BrsUng  HorH,-  17U:  lord  ol  lla  t>d- 
rbamber,  17fi» ;  deprlTsd  of  Ueglaianiij  of  Wiltriiiie  *« 
fotintf  againat  tbe  ootirt.  17Xt:  reatored,  1781:  gnsDie 
rf  Porumoalh,  1781 :  genoal.  1781.  [ml  IMI 

HKKBKET,HKNRTH0Wi»DMOLYNBCI.(iii*  -. 
iAiiLorCtR:iARfo<i(lB>l-lNDXatateamaB:  eMMin  ; 
If  Henry  John  Qenrga  Berbtrt,  tblrd  eart  [q.  •.):  •  ■ 
Stan  and  Chrlit  Clinrch,  Oxtord;  B^  ItUlHuM  a 
o  earhlora.  Iftt* ;  with  Lord  atodoB  Tialtd  the  DnM  ' 
US :  maml  addreaa  In  Bonae  of  Lord*.  I«M:  oadv  f 
-- — —  ' '--'--  In  Lord  DerbyV  ae — •  -■-■-"-■ 


I :  high  at 


Uy.  1W:0 


tratlon(li)U-7}bra^litlnBtiUah  Korth  Jt 
ledermtlon  BUI,  IHT :  nalgned  fa  tbe  ntaia  «<■*■ 
before  tn*  ConfedatMKm  Su  bMuB  law  (Haitb  IM: 
while  In  ^loalthin,  anpported  Irlih  dtait^blWuiMtBl    : 
theUndBIUotIBTO;agalneiilonlalaeoT«t««TlaDlM*'   ', 

>_._,_. ^_...__ ■tu^^twjm*'    . 

rohJgaajri^^    - 
A&Biar 


ijor-    ooidcoamtgrm 


attempted  tbe  .  .._  . ._ 

'or  porcbaee  ol  Boer  dafana  In  Qrinnlaed 
-' —   ■■"-  —  —  "Ir  TbtoiUltu  Bbf 


HF.KBERT 


609 


HERBERT 


<Urned  (January  1878X  being  oppoeei  to  breach 
■ality  in  Rosso-Turkish  affairs:  chairman  of 
lefenoe  commiraion,  1879-83 ;  opposed  Franchise 
884  till  concurrent  redistribution  of  seats  con- 
dined  Imperial  Federation  Leafirne,  1884  :  as  lord- 
it  of  Ireland  under  Lord  Salisbury  (1886-6) 
d  ffOTemment  by  ordinary  law«  held  conference 
r.  Pamell,  and  personally  faTonred  limited  self- 
ent :  afterwards  opposed  Mr.  Gladstone's  Home 
.  Land  Purchase  bills;  suggested  (1887)  appoint- 
special  commission  for  investigating  charges  of 
nes*  against  Pamell ;  visited  South  Africa  and 
I,  1887-8  :  interested  in  questions  of  colonial 
presiddt  of  Society  of  Antiquariesi,  1878-86: 
1  verse  translations  of  the  *  Agunemnon '  (1879) 
Odyswy  *  ( 1886) ;  edited  (1869)  hte  father's  travels 
B,  Hansel's  *  Gnostic  Heresies,*  1876,  and  unpub- 
tera  of  Lord  (Jhesterflekl,  1889.         [xxvi.  196] 


\  HENRY  JOHN  GEORGE,  thini  Barl 
j^A&TON  (1800-1849X  traveller:  educated  at 
id  Christ  Church,  Oxford:  styled  Ylscount 
ier  till  his  succession  to  earldom,  1833  :  travelled 
aiy,  Spain,  Portugal,  and  (later)  in  Greece; 
sdy,  *  Don  Pedro,*  acted  by  Macready  and  Ellen 
DroiT  Lane,  ISSS  ;  published  *  Last  Bays  of  the 
BB«  OoDStitution,*  1830,  and  'Portugal  and 
1830;  tory  M.P^  Wootton  Basset,  1831-3;  his 
ifloences   of   Athens    and   the  Morea   in   1839,' 

[xxvi.  301] 


Pembroke  [q.  v.]  ;  matriculated  at  New  College,  Oxford, 
1693 ;  favourite  of  James  I,  and  gentleman  of  the  bed- 
chamber, 1606-36  :  created  Earl  of  Montgomery,  16(M  ; 
K.Q.,  1608  :  high  steward  of  Oxford,  1616  ;  privy  council- 
lor, 1634 ;  lord-lieutenant  of  Kent,  1634  ;  lord  chamber- 
lain, 1686-41 :  received  grant  of  Trinidad,  TolMigo,  and 
Barbados,  1638  ;  succeeded  his  brother  William  Herbert 
(1680-1630)  [q.  v.]  as  Barl  of  Pembroke,  and  lord  warden 
of  the  Stannaries,  1630;  commissioner  to  negotiate  with 
Scots,  1640 ;  voteil  against  Strafford,  1641 ;  memlier  of 
committee  of  safety  and  parliamentary  governor  of  the 
Isle  of  Wight,  1648  ;  parliamentary  commissioner  at  Ox- 
ford, 1643,  anid  Uxbridge,  1646 :  receivcxl  Charles  I  from 
the  Scots,  1647 ;  oommisi«ioner  of  the  admiralty,  1646  ;  as 
vice-chancellor  of  Oxford  (1641-60)  superintended  visi- 
tation of  the  colleges  and  ejection  of  royalists  ;  roembo: 
of  first  council  of  state  and  M.P.,  Berkshire,  1649;  a 
patron  of  Massinger  and  Vandyck ;  addicted  to  sport ; 
rebuilt  front  of  Wilton  House,  and  laid  out  g^ardens. 

[xxvi.  308] 
HXKBSBT,  PHILIP,  fifth  Earl  ov  Pkmbrokk 
^1619-1669),  eldest  surviving  son  of  Philip  Herbert, 
fourth  earl  of  Pembroke  [q.  v.] ;  M.P.,  Glamorgan,  in 
Long  parliament:  succeeded  to  his  father's  seat  for 
Berlrahire,  1660 :  president  of  council  of  state  (June,  JuIyX 
1663;  councillor  for  trade  and  navigation,  1660:  sold 
I  Wilton  collections.  [xxvi.  311] 


HENRY  WILLIAM  (1807  -  1868). 
•oo  of  WUliam  Herbert  (1778-1847)  [q.  v.]; 
i  at  Eton  and  Cains  College,  Otmbridge  ;  B.A., 
)ecame  a  classical  tutor  at  New  York,  and 
tttd  *  American  Monthly  Magazine,'  1833; 
Qfidf  at  New  York ;  published  as  *  Frank  Forea- 
leU  Sports  of  the  United  States  and  British 
cs*  (1848),  uid  similar  works ;  published,  under 
3  name,  *Tbe  Roman  Traitor,'  1846,  and  other 
al  novds,  translations  from  Dumas  and  Eugtoe 
d  popular  historical  works.  [xxvi.  303] 

IBERT,  JOHN  ROGERS  (1810-1890),  portrait 
storical  painter ;  won  his  first  success  with 
sabject-pictnrea,  1834-40  ;  became  a  Romanist, 
enoeforth  chiefly  devoted  himself  to  religious 
;  a  master  of  design  at  Somerset  House,  1841 ; 
S46  (retired,  1886X  his  diploma  work  being  *St. 
'  the  Great  teaching  Roman  Boys  to  sing ' ; 
(or  houses  of  parliament  *  King  Lear  disinheriting 
I,'  in  fresco,  and  *  Human  Justice '  series. 

[xxvi.  303] 
IBEET,  Ladt  LUCY  (1669-1744),  devotional 
daughter  of  William  Herbert,  first  marquis  of 
[q.  v.] :  prioress  of  English  convent,  Bruges, 
:  her  •  Devotions  '  edited  by  Rev.  John  Morris, 
rZ.  [xxvi.  304] 

IBXBT,  MARY,  Oountksh  of  Pembroke  (1661- 
bterof  Sir  Philip  Sidney  Tq. v.];  married  Henry 
,  Keoood  earl  of  Pembroke  [q.  v.],  1677;  the 
of  Spenser's  *  Colin  Cloat  * :  suggested  com- 
of  her  brother  Philip's  *  Arcadia'  (first  printed, 
rhich  9he  revised  and  added  to ;  collaborated  utith 
I  metrical  psalms,  first  printed  complete,  1833 :  Iter 
him  appendeil  to  Spenser's  '  Astrophel ' ;  translated 
es^is  do  Momay  *  A  Dbcourse  of  Life  and  Death,' 
Atron  of  Samuel  Daniel  [q.  v.],  Nicholo?  Breton 
Ben  Jonson  [q.  v.],  and  other  poets  ;  fine  epitaph 
by  Ben  Jonson  or  William  Browne,  first  printed, 

[xxvi.  204] 

IBSST,  Sir  PERCY  EGERTON  (1833-1876), 
Hi-general ;  second  son  of  Edward  Herbert,  second 
«ris  [q.  v.] :  at  Eton  and  Sandhurst :  promoted 
lieotenant-colonel  for  services  in  the  KafBr  war, 

avistant  quartermaster-general  of  Sir  de  Lacy 
division  in  Crimea  ;  wounded  at  the  Alma,  1864  : 
i  aide-de-camp  to  the  queen,  1866 ;  commanded 
g  In  Rohilcund  campaign,  1868  ;  deputy  quarter- 
general  at  Horse  Guards,  1860-6 ;  privy  councillor, 
isaxer  of  the  hoaseboUL,  1867-8 ;  major-general, 
KXJJB.,  1869:  MJ>.,  Ludlow,  1864-60,  South 
ire,  1866-76  ;  lientenant-general,  1876. 

[xxvi.  307] 
tBZBT,  PHILIP,  Barl  of  Moktoomkrt  and 
Barl    op    Pbmbrokk    (1684-1660),  parliamen- 

joooger  SOD  of  Henry  Herbert,  second  earl  of 


.,  PHILIP,  seventh   Eakl  ok  Prmbrokr 

(1663-1683X  son  of  Pliilip  Herbert,  fifth  earl   [q.  v.]  ; 
convicted  of  manslaughter,  1678.  [xxvi.  313] 

HERBERT,  RICHARD,  second  Baron  Hicrrkrt  oy 
I  CnKRBURY  (1600  ?- 1666),  royalist ;  son  of  Kdward 
i  Herijert,  first  baron  Herbert  of  Cherbury  [q.  v.] ;  ooo- 
I  ducted  Henrietta  Maria  from  Bridlington  to  Uxfoni,  1643. 

[xxvi.  IHO] 
HERBERT,  St.  LBGEK  ALGERNON  (1850-1886X 
I  war  correspondent ;  scholar  of  Wadham  College, 
Oxford,  1869  ;  in  Canadian  civil  service,  1876-8  :  private 
secretary  to  Sir  Garnet  Wolaeley  in  Cyprus  and  South 
Africa;  *The  Times'  correspondent,  1878-9:  C.M.G.; 
secretary  to  Transvaal  commission,  1881-3;  correspon- 
dent of  *  Morning  Post '  In  Egypt,  1883-4  ;  wounded  at 
Tamai ;  killed  at  Oubat  during  Soudan  war  while  on  the 
staff  of  Sir  Herbert  Stewart.  [xxvi.  313] 


,   SIDNEY,    first  Baron    HraiBfniT   o» 

Lra    (1810-1861X   statesman  ;    second    son    of  George 

Augustus,  eleventh  earl  of  Pembroke  [q.  v.]  ;  educated  at 

Harrow  and  Oriel  College,  Oxford ;  RA^  1831 ;  conservative 

M.P.,  South  Wiltshire,  1833-60;    secretary  to  boord  of 

control,  1834-6;  secretary  to  admiralty,    1841-6:    war 

1  secretory   onder  Peel,  1846-6,  Aberdeen,  1863-6  (during 

I  the  Crimean  war),  and  Palmerston,  1869-60 :  primarily 

I  responsible  for  Miss  Florence  Nightingale  going  to  the 

Crimea ;  freed   by  Roebuck  committee  from  suspicion  of 

favouring   Ruiwia ;  led  movement  in  favour  of  medical 

reform  in  the  army  and  education  of  oflloers  ;  cncouniged 

volunteer   movement ;  created    peer,  1860 :  injured  his 

'  health  by  administrative  labour.  [xxvi.  213] 

I  HERBERT,  THOMAS  (1697-1643  ?),  seaman  and 
author  ;  brother  of  Edward  Herbert,  first  baron  Herbert  of 
Cherbury  [q.v.]  ;  distinguished  himself  at  Juliers,  1610  ; 
commanded  East  Indiaman  against  Portuguese,  1616  ; 
visited  the  Great  Mogul  at  Mandow,  1617  ;  served  against 
Algerines,  1630-1 ;  brought  Prince  Charles  from  Spain  to 

'  England,  1683,  and  Count  Man^feldt  to  the  Netherlands, 
1638  ;  published  elegy  on  Strafford,  1641,  and  pasquinades, 

!  including  *Newes  out  of  Islington,'  1641  (reprinted  bj 
HaUiwell,  1849).  [xxvi.  214] 

HERBERT,  Sir  THOMAS,  first  baronet  (1606-1683), 
traveller  and  author;  studied  at  Oxford  and  Trinity 
College,  Cambridge;  went  to  Persia,  1638,  with  Sir 
Dodmore  Cotton  and  Sir  Robert  Shirley  [q.  v.] ;  travelled 
in  Europe ;  commissioner  with  Fairfax's  army,  1644,  and 
for  surrender  of  Oxford,  1646  ;  attended  Charles  I,  1647-9, 
and  received  presents  from  him.  Including  the  Shake- 
speare second  folio  now  at  Windsor ;  created  baronet,  1660 ; 
published  *  Description  of  the  Persian  Monarchy '  (1634),. 
reprinted  as  '  Some  Yeares  Travels  Into  divers  parts  of 
Asia  and  Afrique*  (1638,  Ac);  collaborated  wiUi  Dug- 
dale;  his  reminiscences  (1678)  of  Charles  I's  captivity 
reprinted  as  '  Memoirs  of  the  last  two  years  of  thft 
Reign,'  &c.,  1703  and  1813.  [xxvi.  3161 

RR 


HERBERT 


610 


HERDMAN 


THOMAS,  eighth  Earl  of  Pbmbrokb 
(1656-1 783X  lord  high  admiral ;  third  eon  of  Philip  Her- 
bert, fifth  eurl  [q.  v.]  :  entered  at  Christ  Church,  Oxford, 
1672 ;  saooeeded  elder  brothers  in  title,  1683 :  lieatenant 
of  Wilttihire  :  dismissed,  1687  ;  first  lord  of  the  admiralty, 
1690 ;  one  of  Qaeen  Mary's  coondl,  1690 ;  lord  privy 
seal,  1692  ;  opposed  Fenwick's  execation,  1697,  and  Re* 
Bomption  Bill  of  1700 :  first  plenipotentiary  at  treaty  of 
Ryswiol^  1697  :  K.O^  1700 :  president  of  the  coonoil,  1702 ; 
lord  high  admiral,  1702  and  1708 :  a  oommissioner  for  the 
onion,  1706-7;  lord-lientenant  of  Ireland,  1707;  a  lord 
jastioe,  1714-16 ;  lord-lieutenant  of  Wiitahire,  Monmouth, 
and  South  Wales ;  P.R^,  1689-90.  [xxyL  217] 


.,  Sib  THOMAS (1793-1861),  rear-admiral; 
promoted  lieutenant  for  services  at  reduction  of  Danish 
west  Indies,  1809 ;  commander,  1814 ;  as  senior  officer  on 
Canton  River  commanded  ofjerations  against  Chuenpee 
and  Bogue  forts,  and  took  part  in  capture  of  Amoy  and 
Chusan  and  reduction  of  Chinghae,  1840 ;  K.O.B.,  1841 ; 
junior  lord  of  the  admiralty,  1852 ;  rear-admiral,  1852 ; 
M.P.,  Dartmouth,  1852-7.  [xxvL  217] 


WILLIAM    (d.    1388?),    Franciscan; 
preacher  and  philosopher  at  Oxford.  [xxvi.  218] 

EEBBERT,  Sir  WILLIAM,  Earl  op  Pemrrokr  of 
the  first  creation  (rf.  1469),  Yorkist ;  knighted  by  Henry  YI, 
1449;  taken  prisoner  at  Formigny,  1450:  during  wars 
of  the  Roses  did  good  service  against  Jasper  Tudor ;  made 
privy  councillor  and  chief -justice  of  South  Wales  by 
Edward  IV,  1461 ;  created  Baron  Herbert,  1461 :  K.O.,  1462 : 
chief- justice  of  North  Wales,  1467  ;  after  capture  of  Harlech 
Castle  (1468)  and  attainder  of  Jasper  Tudor  (1468)  was 
created  Earl  of  Pembroke  and  guardian  to  Henry  (after- 
wards Henry  YIIX  1468 ;  defeated  and  captured  by  Lan- 
castrians at  Hedgecote  and  executed.  [xxvL  218] 

HEBBEBT,  WILLIAM,  second  Earl  op  Pkmbrokr, 
afterwards  Earl  of  Huxtivodok  (1460-1491),  son  of  Sir 
William  Herbert,  earl  of  PembrcAe  of  the  first  creation 
(tf.  1469)  [q.  v.] ;  English  captain  in  France,  1475 ;  ex- 
changed earldom  of  Pembroke  for  that  of  Huntingdon, 
1479 ;  chief-justice  of  South  Wales,  1483.       [xxvL  220] 

HEBBEBT,  Sir  WILLIAM,  first  Earl  of  Pbm- 
brokb of  the  second  creation  (1501  7-1570),  grandson  of 
William  Herbert,  earl  of  Pembroke  of  the  first  creation 
(d.  1469)  [q.  v.] ;  esquire  of  the  body  to  Henry  VIII, 
1526 ;  married  a  sister  of  Catherine  Parr  [q.  v.]  ;  granted 
the  dissolved  abbey  of  Wilton,  where  he  built  part  of  the 
present  mansion;  granted  property  in  Wales,  1546; 
gentleman  of  the  privy  chamber,  1546 :  one  of  Henry 
vUrs  executors ;  member  of  Edward  V Ps  council ;  E.G. 
and  master  of  the  horse,  1548;  helped  to  quell  Cornish 
rising,  1549 ;  supported  Warwick  against  Somerset,  and 
was  made  presidoit  of  Wales,  1550 ;  took  part  in  Somer- 
set's trial,  1551,  and  obtained  Somerset's  Wiltshire  estates ; 
created  Eul  of  Pembroke,  1551 ;  joined  Northumberland 
in  proclaiming  Lady  Jane  Grey,  but  (19  July  1553)  declared 
for  Mary ;  commanded  against  Sir  Thomas  Wyatt  [q.  v.], 
1554;  intimate  with  King  Philip;  an  envoy  to  France, 
1555 :  governor  of  Calais,  1556 ;  captain-general  of  Eng- 
lish contingent  at  St.  Quentin,  1557 ;  under  Queen  Eliza- 
beth supported  Cecil  and  the  protestant  party ;  lord 
steward,  1568 ;  cleared  himself  when  arrested  for  sup- 
porting scheme  for  Duke  of  Norfolk's  marriage  with  Mary 
Queen  of  Soots,  1569 ;  buried  in  St.  Paul's,    [xxvi.  220] 

HEBBEBT  or  HABBEBT,  Sir  WILLIAM  (d.  1593), 
Irish  *  undertaker*  and  author;  of  St.  Julians,  Mon- 
mouthshire ;  sole  legitimate  heir-male  of  William,  first  earl 
of  Pembroke  (d,  1469)  [q.  v.] ;  knighted,  1578 ;  friend 
of  John  Dee  [q.  v.] ;  an  *  undertaker '  for  plantation  of 
Munster,  being  subeequently  allotted  Desmond  property 
in  Kerry,  1587 ;  vioe-president  of  Munster  in  absence  of 
Sir  Thomas  Norris  [q.  v.],  c  1589 ;  his  ^Croftus ;  slue  de 
HibcmiA  Liber'  (named  in  compliment  to  Sir  James 
Croft  (d.  1591)  [q.  v.])  edited  by  W.  E.  Buckley,  1887 ; 
his  Irinbi  tracts  and  letters  to  Walslngham  and  Burghl^ 
in  '  Calendars  of  Irish  State  Papers.'  [xxvL  223] 

HEBBEBT  or  HABBEBT,  WILLIAM  (Jl.  1604), 
poet;  of  (Christ  Church,  Oxford ;  author  of  *  A  Propbesie 
of  CadwaUader,'  1604.  [xxvi.  225] 

HEBBBBT,  WILLIAM,  third  Earl  of  Pbmbrokb 
of  the  seoozid  creaticm  n580-1680X  eldest  son  of  Heniy 
Herbert,  second  earl  of  the   second  ^creation   [q.  v.]; 


educated  by  Samuel  Daniel  [q.  v.],  of  New  Cdknge,  Ox- 
ford ;  succeeded  as  earl,  1601 ;  disgraced  for  ao  intri^ 
with  Mary  Fitton  [q.  v.] ;  patron  of  Ben  JoDHm,  Philip 
Ma&singer,  Inigo  Jones,  and  William  Browne (1591-1143?) 
[q.  v.] ;    thrice  entertained  James  I  at  Wilton;  lori- 
wardoi  of  the  Stannaries,  1604 ;  member  of  the  coondl  of 
New  Enghind,  1690 ;  interested  in  the  Virginia,  Notb- 
west  passage,  Bermuda,  and  East  India  oompanio;  kxd 
cbamberlahi,  1615  ;  opposed  foreign  policy  o(  Jtznei  I 
and  Bncldngham ;  oommissioner  of  the  great  seal  ICSl: 
meml>er  of  the  committee  for  foreign  afbdn  and  coandl 
of  war  under  Charles  1, 1626  ;  lord  steward,  1626 :  disa- 
odlor  of  Oxford  University  from  1617,  Pembroke  OoU^ 
being  named   after  him ;  presented  Barocci  librsry  to 
Bodleian ;  wrote  poems  which  were  issued  with  tbottof 
Sir  Benjamin  Rodiyerd,  1660.    To  him  as  lord  cbambslftiB 
and  to  bis  brother  PhUip  the  first  folio  of  Shakespcan*! 
works  vras  dedicated  in  1628,  but  there  is  no  good  gnnai 
for  identifying  him  with  the  subject  of  Shakeq)esn^« 
sonnets,  or  with  the  *  Mr.  W.  H.*  noticed  in  the  pabU«ber 
Thorpe's  dedication  of  that  volume  (1609).    [xxvL  226] 


M«.«,  WILLIAM  (1778-1847),  dean  of 
Chester;  edited  *Mus8b  Etonenses,'  1795;  BA.  : 
College,  Oxford,  1798:  M.A.  Merton  College.  1808,  &d 
D.C.L.,  1808 ;  M.P.,  Hampshire,  1806.  Cricklade,  18U: 
dean  of  Manchester,  1840-7;  published  'Select  loebiAe 
Poetry*  (1804-6)  and  translations,  also  'Attila,  or  ttt 
Triumph  of  Christianity,'  an  epic  (1838X  and  other  po« 
English,  Oreek,  and  Latin ;  assisted  in  editions  of  WbiMk 

*  Selbome'   (1833  and  1837) ;  published  monogcapte « 

*  AmaryllidaoesB  (1837)  and  crocuses  (edited  by  J.  Uat^ 
1847) :  ferns  named  after  him  by  Sweet ;  ooUeoted  vidl 
iBSued,1842.  [xxvLflQ 

HBBBEBT,    WILLIAM    (1771-1851),    antiqaahl 
writer ;  librarian  of  the  anildball,  1828-45 ;  pobM 

*  History  of  the  Twelve  great  Livery  Companies '(UN' 
1837},  *AntiquitieB  of  the  Inns  of  Ctonrt'  (1801),  tfl 
similar  works.  [xzvL  UQ 


HEBBIBOK,  DAVID  (1800-1880X  Irish  poet;  i..^ 
as  'The  Bard  of  Dunclug';  chief  work,  *Tbe  ftttm 
MoQuUlan,  and  O'NeiU's  Daughter  and  .  .  .  other  t9^ 
(1841).  [xxvLWi 

HEBD,  DAVID  (1738-1810X  collector  of  'iBoM 
and  Modem  Scottish  Songs,  Heroic  BaUads,'  te,  Vm 
(reprinted,  1869) ;  presideot  of  the  (3ape  01ab,BdiaJMi; 
literary  adviser  of  Archibald  Oonstabte.        [xxvi  Mj 


,    WILLIAM   (A   1634-1662),  author  of 
pious  manuals  and  French  conversation-bookB. 

[xxvL  W] 

HEBBBBT,  WILLIAM,  first  Marquis  and  titols 
Duke  of  Powib  (1617-1696X  succeeded  as  third  Bun 
Powis,  1667 ;  created  Earl  of  Powis,  1674 ;  as  chief  of  tbe 
Roman  catholic  aristocracy  imprisoned  In  connectiaB 
with  the  *  Popish  plot,'  1679-84 ;  privy  councillor,  IC8k 
created  Marquis  of  Powis,  1687 ;  oommissiiKier  to'np- 
late'  corporatimis,  1687;  lord-lieutenant  of  CfaeilA% 
.  1688,  and  vice-lieutenant  of  Sossex,  1688 ;  created  If 
'  James  I,  in  exile,  a  duke  and  chamtwrlain  of  hb  faooN- 
hold;  his  estates  in  EngUnd  oonflscated;  died  st  8L 
Oermains.  [xxvL  SSI] 

HEBBBBT,  WILLIAM,  second  Marquis  and  titahr 
DUKR  OF  Powib  (</.  1745Xson  of  William  Herbert  ink 
marquis  of  Powis  [q.  v.] ;  styled  Viscount  MontgOBOf 
till  1722,  when  his  title  as  marquis  and  .his  estates  vm 
restored;  imprisoned,  1689  and  1696-7,  on  sasjridaasf 
complicity  in  Sir  J.  Fenwick's  plot ;  again  arrested.  ITli 
[xxvLM] 

HEBBBBT,   WILLIAM  (1718-1795),  bibliogitpte; 
went  to  India,  e.  1748,  and  drew  plans  of  fsettlements  fm 
the  East  India  Company ;  published  *  A  new  IXreetay 
for  the  East  Indies,'  1758 ;  issued  second  edition  ci  AttpA 
*  Ancient  and  Present  State  of  Oloucestershii^  (tusX 
1768,  and  an  enUrged  edition  of  Ames's  *  TVpognpUai    j 
Antiquities,' 1785-90.  Cxxvi23S] 


HBBB.    JOHN   (1512?-1588),  author   of     

Anglicana*  in  Latin  verse;  of  Eton  and  King^OollHIi'l 
Cambridge;  fellow,  1689;  M.A.,  1546  :  M.D^  1558:  i». 
bendary  of  Lincoln,  1557,  and  York,  1558.     [xxvi  m\ 


WEB.DWAN,  JOHN  (1762  ?-l 842),    medleal 

M.D.  Aberdeen,  1800 :  M.A.  Trinity  College,  Cambriii^ 


HERDMAN 


J  9iiHQE  and  dC7 


[« 


.137)        Oaudie '  □(  Soott'i  ' 


Andnm.  BdlDbargh.  uid  In  Itily;  n-  prwnti 
jTxl  SnotUib  Acudemj  from  lUO,  ud  at  publiiha 
17  from  lesi :  n^A.,  ISU;  painted  por-  sketch  1 
rl«.  &Lt  Noel  Patoo,  prindpali  BhaLrp  and  *  True  B 
(htra.  and  of  man;  ladlea.  HIb  other  works  West  Im 
Jcfl  of  remalo  Bgorcfl  and  flgan-mbfecu  IBIA-U. 
hW«y.  [.in.  M71  ^^ 

V,  WILLIAU  GATIN  (leOt-lBSS).  artlit 
frpelled  fmm  Livrrpoot  Academy.  1S67,  for 
pn-Bapbacbte  aniftn:  eihlbllaJ  at  Royal 
^□ffolk  Stnrt,  1894-01 ;  paUlnhal '  PlctiRial 
idenl  UTcrpool.'  IMS,  lUe,  UcbnloaL 
t, '  Treatise  on  Skating,'  and  ottm  works, 
[mrt.  »M] 
r,    HBKBT    (A   lUI).   utbor  ol    'An 


(i;M-lMax anther  and  loarqalWj 
n  KoiUity'i  action  of  17  April,  ITBO ; 
I  rl'87  and  17881,  and  ■Bl.toHail 
17b:;  alitcd  the  'Sun'  and  ttu 
1800  ;  depQty  pHymaetcT-generml  In 


at  Cambridge. 


HEEZB,    allai     ainBHuai,     JOHN     (IMl-lUt), 

RERtX,  ORARLES  (lSM-IfiBt>,  puritan  dlilne: 
t.i..  Bietei  OoUetK.  Oitbnl,  IDIS:  preaentcd  by  Stanley 
aad^  to  redntj  of  WInwick,  [.ancaalilre,  ISM;  reprs- 

MS.  and  wia  appMoUii  piutDootor,  IMS ;  ref UMl  to  pny 
or  Oommon wealth;  hie  chief  vork,  'Tbe  Independency 
0  ScripCurea  1^  tbe  Independcnoj'  of  Obarcbn,'  IMl : 
rimdolFnller.  tiirt.  IM] 

(d.  1M7X  judge  ;aBierieant- 
---" ol  Bdwanl  II; 


[II 


LMB] 


TtLLi  UK.  Rooks,  <i7i 


c  Bohun  line),  117a-mn;  ' 


>•-  iTZ 


a,     NICHOLAS 


r    (jL    ISW).      [See 

U>,ROaBRoi(jI.IlIS>    [SeeHoaiH.]       |. 
U)  (d.  1104).  blihop  of  Uandafl:  electa 
iffydd  ab  IJywdyn,  Uenrig  ab  Hywel,  and 
\im'.    conflrmcd  by   Archbbbop  Klnni  of 


inducfll  Indepeikdently  and  in  coUabonUoo  wltb 
■   ■'       lonw  and  otbet   aathurs  plain  at 
1871.  [Suppl.ll.*lJl 

in    (d.    18J7).    [See   WKonaso.i, 


(d.  IQ1»\  flnt  blibop   0 
id.  Bertin'e  Abbey  at  St.  1 


t  of  Oeollnr  Oaimar  [q.  t.}  [iitL  UO; 
r  or  AXTABI  (d.  ICM?).  tint  chancellor 
.plain  to  William  I  beFon  IhaOanqoei 
Bnflland,  1068-70;  bUbop  of  Smham,  107 


;   principal 


lire,  JOHN  (Jl.  1M4I,  lai 
IBM,  and  Are'bblibap  Laud, 
IBS,  JOHN  (jt.  lamy.  eon  of 

ohn  Hirne,  Itoq.'  Chl»  (athfrl 


:    M.P,  : 


amw  I;    knighted.  ItOfi; 

['arri.'jW]'' 
GBOBOB  BDWABDS  (ieOt-18<B),  land- 
:  of  Oermao  pamtagg ;  publiahed  'Bketchea 
k  In  Hongary,  and  TraniylTanla,'  1838 ;  ex- 
nl  Acadnny  from  ISM:  bla  'Amalfl'  and 
■aaed  by  Mna  Consort.  [ini.  !4ij 

QEOBQE  (IMJ-IOW),  founder  of  Hdriot'i 
obnfBh  (opened,  16A8);  jeweller  to  Jaoiea 


of  a  Obristian  Pr 
tronny,  17  SO. 
DlKoune  of  Mc 


^T  (fl.  IMS-l«8t),  author  of  '  i.  uew 

oraU  Fhllosophle  entitaled  tbe  Eayei  of 
;  B.A.  a^eaa'^CoiKge,  Cambridge,  1670. 

[..vLSJl] 
n  RICHARD,  baronet  (1736-180*),  ohiel 
1-lieutenanC  of  Ireland,  1770-80;  crested 
)0blUhed  genealcgioal  table  ol  Herou  at 

[MVLMI] 


EZKOV,    ROBERT  (17U-1807),  a 
Klrkcndbrightablni '•sver      '"  '  ~ 
178«  and  ir»3:  wroU  paH 
(17M)  nblle  impriaonBl  loi 
Galloway ;  edited  the  '  Ulobe '  a 


DB  (17*7"  Md 


BBKOK,  (  _.  . 

IMcitn :  of  S^  John's  OoUige,  OuDbrld^:  ' 

nnclo.  Sir  RlrhBBl  Hinm   [q.  r.]-  In  ""  I"" 
)S;  M.P.,  Otlimbj.  lBU-18.  PeWrbonjuuli,  K 
pDUUcil  uid  •Ddal '  Sola,'  IfMl.  [irTl. 
bLm  Hericke  iDd  Hetrick.] 


publii 
HI 
HZEBIOE. 

■ricrwnnli  weoi 


Wllllim 


1'I(74X  poKt:  1 


■■'  ll.  • 


>,  </.  0«n™niiJltt 

[iiit  as!) 

[!<«■     Jt«>WBLI,    aiB     Jons-, 


ZERSIBS,    Sir    OHARI.E-a     JOHN     (18]e-l«nx 
■Dd  Trinlt;  CoD^w.  Onmbridge :  U.A^  IMD;  commtt- 


Dl  the  Balb,  IBW-n 


,  18WI;  priTite  Bwreti 
18U7  ^  Uwslaced  On 
beton  uid  attar  Ctas 

ginnr  ol  Uu  Order  i 

eblcf,  lail-IB;  BuilllorDt  alrll  U-t,  IglB;  drewap 
nix>rt  of  Irtib  istbiiu  comnlBHan.  iU> :  U.P^  Hirwlab, 
lBai-41 ;  mod  InaDdiil  KonUTj  to  Enunrr.iaU-T :  prlty 

otHit  of  ernU  whtcb  Led  to  dlnolutlon  of  Goderliih  mlnla- 
trr:  aaataot  tha  mint,  IB3g-I0 ;  dnw  op toortb  npert 
of  Sir  Hetirr  PanHOI'i  fliwnDe  commllUF,  1898,  tint 
nuiklD!  pnbtlo  unonBts  IntelliglblB ;  pmldcnt  of  board  of 


trHlB.18 
183111 


SSRRISO,  J 
^1nt«r;  drovA  or 


Brltlib  ATtlila. 


B«rrl«d  igaLBaC  -xbiif  fowrn- 


,  lisB:  F.R.aP.  16»; 
ir  plot  ('PtoWa  FoiiH- 

a  Wnkefleld  vid  Llncolu. 


^  for  thlTty-tvo'ycaTH,  and  niMnj 
:  mgmbcr  of  SdcMt  of  BrlUih 
it  Rojft]  AndHDv  Hod  SodBtv  of 

[HTl.  J6«l 


HEKalHO,  JULIKRS  (ItSi-lSM}.  purltu  dlrlnr: 
H.A.  Sidney  BuHai  College.  CiEabridn ;  ordained  by  u 
Irlib  blihop:  IncDmbent  of  Celke.  EmbTBtili*.  c.  leio- 
c  ISIB:  aftemrdt  pnmchal  at  Shnwibnrr  from  ISIB: 

cbnroli  (I  ADiHidam,  lUT-M, '  [irri.  MS] 

BEEKorO,  TH0UA8  (leU-lffTX  archblitiap  of 
Canterbury :  B^,  Jeini  Oollepi,  OambiWIge,  mi  ;  fellow 
o(  Corpus  ObriMl,  ma  :  M,A_  1717  i  D.D,  1738 :  prmcher 
at  Llnoiln'a  Inn,  and  cbaplain  to  Qeorge  1.  :7)e  :  recti 
of  Bletobbieley,  1731 ;  deao  of  RocbBflt«r,  1733  ;  biHbop  i 

blvhop  of  Canterbury.  L747-A7  :  repaired  Lamtieth  ac 
CioydDii  palaon,  and  left  benefictlone  to  the  Koa  of  tJ 
clei^ui'tCorpneCbrlaUCDlli«f;  hliletlirr  (1738-17)1 
WUIIam  DuncoQibe  edital  br  -lobn  Dnncsinbe  fq.  t. 
1TJ7.  t«Tl.  iMJ 


1787;  bar  'Index 
Piled  Btan.'  with  l> 
Royal  Sodtty,  17SI 


I   W.    HOKbd'l  HK- 


^^« 


man.  1813 :  iubiequm^  fellow  of  SL  John'i  Ci^ien.  Oui- 
bridge:  U.A.,  1S1B :  helped  to  fsuiid  AnaltUcal  £mMn. 
CuBbrldg^   IBIS;    with    Otarfst    PeacocV  <i;tl-18»l 

[4.  T.]  traiulalol  LAorolK'r  ■" '- — —^-■: — '^ 

DifteraotlW  ~ 


B;  praUrBitaL 

uor^iiwH  x«.-  grapblcal  mBthod  ik  [onatiflal 
orbita,  IBSX:  wnReattieleoa  >I^bt'   I 
MetniuUtuia'  (1917),  wblob  gaTe  Batoprmi  c 
nndnlalDiT  thwy;  bi>  '  Pnllmlaaij  INiianiru 

of  Natural  PhlliMDpby'  (ISIO)  trana' 

<l>TrTnaD.  and  Italian,  bl*  'OuHbia'  ol 
(lltb  edit.  1871),  into  Ruaalai]  Obinne.  ana  Anac: 
daring  mlileim  {18M-B)  at  Feldbaiuai.  near  Ofi 
Town,  dJHOTortd  IMI  pain  of  cloae  doable  •tanul 
1,708  Debnla  and  doatera,  '  mooogfapbvd  *  tbv  OriB  a*- 
bllla,p[«p*nd  ■  chart  of  tba  Ario.mada  Brat  eaUifciliiT 
miaaonot  d!reetBolari«U>tlaii,aad  nnnMlim-)) 
nlatlon  betwem  aolar  and  anroral  acU^Q;  faiUW 
wbUe  at  the  Dape  tjttrm  of  national  rinoattiTii,  ud  w^ 


for^ltn  ordtn ;  prnpurd  rbarte  of  al  the  loctrt  n 
Inientfd  photagraphiii  use  of  aeneltlaed  japa.  tOt : 
iatrodnDed  oKof  hypoeulpblte  of  aodaaia  flalntf  afflii: 
dlKoiered'efilwllDdiipBisloD' otUBbt,ISU:  thrndii 
af  hi!  Oape  ataarratlaoa  prlnlad.'  1847,  at  eips«  * 
Duke  of  Nortbinnberland ;  ncalTed  tba  Oopky 


of  ISM;  bid  last  ffraat  ODder^klng.Hgmeraluidd(fcd[K 
tlTe  istalogne  of  donblt  itan;  borlad  In  Virtniitfa 
Abbey  near  tbs  ^rava  of  Newton.  HIa  mlvwfliDtf' 
KiltlDga  were  oollectad  In  'Bann' (lU7)and>FiiiiIW 
Lactura  on  sdasClllo  Bnbjecta '  (18«7).  [iirt  ta] 

WILLI  AU  (1  TM-lttlXaRraaooB ; 
funovBT ;  aa  a  boy  played  tba  baotber  ^ 
SanOTcrlan guanli:  ascretlyaant tobgUaltf 
ita,  1717;    patnmltad  bj  Sr.    Edward  10f 
iiganlit  at  Hallfai,  17W,  at  OettgoD  (S^ 
I ;  began  to  oonatmct  npUcal  Inalnunaa,  im 
■ern  itan.  1774 :  diKcnred  Qnnni  fOicifM 
CopK?  indalllit  and  P.ILe.,  17B1 ;  aUW 
to  Oeorga  m,  and  ww  appointed  Mn 
I78t:  TonoTslIoStoagb.  ITBt;  UaKdM 
-ected,  1788:  TltltMl  bTdiaUnpAhtfM^ 
great  f ortj-foot  minor  Mnn  f aUMI  bf  aiQ* 
i.  flntnagd.lTBl(aalith«tdUtaarbn 
>varfll).  flnlihed  (with  farttv  aU).  U1L«| 


alSodety;  lud  InMrrlaat 


rrkw**    'j 


HMItfinTfmT.T. 


.QHSLL,  I'ARRKR.  Orit  Baiu>n  Bkk> 
■XlDnJglwonllai^ioaof  RldleiHi<m  He 
sliuaUd  It  DnlTmlty  Coltegi,  Loirfoii 
in7;  buTiner,  LIdcdIii'i  Iqd,  IBM,  li. 
■k  lilk.  mzi;  libcn)  1LF„  Durbwn,  in 
ud  ftppotDMd  toUdCor-gnml,  1S80;   t 

IRM:   apiin  lord  flbAn«Llor»  lHU3-b: 
LUD.   OkinbiUge;    O.C.B..   IS«3:   ilt 


RIDLEY  HilM  (lBM-18M),rt!.!-.i,' 
InPnn^lHi  ?oluul  of  Jewish  pni\'iit- 
r>penfij  ■  cliftpeJ  in  LoDdon,  init* 


1-lMIt.    [S«   HlB- 


.',  HBNBT  (/.  1M».    [SeeHinr.l 
rZLFOLL  or  KUlTLErOOL,  HDOH  u 


r.  CARH,  Loni)  HBHVBY  (laRl-lTM).  »■ 

Sited  trntba  of  Honue  Wilpole;  vLder  ■»  of  Joba 
«r(j,  Bnt  arl  of  Brinlol  [q.  t.]  ;  M.A.  Clan  Hall. 
Gmnbridge.  ITIO  ;  H.P^  Burj  Bt  Bdmnndi,  ITll-W. 

IiitL  )8i] 

EXRTZT.  ?RBDBKICK  AUOUBTUB,  fourtb  eirl 
3r  BRutTOLudafthBABuif  SuwAllD^KWAL^lc■(171u- 
lH0]).bllbopot  I>rrj:  tblrd  ion  of  Jolin  Hcrri'j.tiuan 
Hmtjot  lckwonh[q,  v,]:  tducslol  it  Wntniliuter and 
Corpoi  Chrlitl  CoLlcgt,  Cambridge:  M.A^  KM;  D.D., 
lT7u;    priDdiKl  clerk  of  prln  teal.  1761 ;  travElled  In 

Dljib(]poiao;Tie.l76;-tl.  wbenbe  ofTenil  FhUlp  tlkcltm 

QlllKip  of  Denr  <17eS-ia011  apent  much  nones'  <»  pu'utO 
work*  and  the  aa;  inccaded  LU  brocbtr  Aoipiitai  Johm 
[q.  T.]  In  euUoDi.  177*;  adrncalcd  rclautUm  ol  ntlMUs 
peqal  laiTH  and  iboUUoi]  of  tithe;  took  pEtmloMt  part 

refonn  aod  tbe  admiealOD  of  Roman  catLoUa  to  Hoov 
of  Cominoiu ;  tnnllfd  od  tlw  coatlnnit :  Imprixonol  bf 
Um  Pnncb  at  HUan  :  anondid  to  baniii]>  ot  Bowud  d« 
WaMm  tbnwgb  hta  giaiKliiiotlier.  l'"~-  -"-'  -•  ■" 


FTOKS.  Hiiiqnu 


.     [Bea  flXTKOUn,  Wn^ 


boritd  at  IckwotUu 

KXRTZY,  OBOHOB  WILLIAX,  ■ 
unoL  (inuirrsXeldeit  ion  of  Johc 
imj  of  lekwonh  [q,  y.];  locceedEd  bl 
TDD.  me.  anit  bit  gnndfather  ai  lecom 
61 ;  edTOJ  eitTanrdinary  toTorin,  1I» 
lUdrid.  17iB-ei ;  Donl  Dated  lord-lieuti 
t  did  not  go,  l?fill;  prlTj  couocUlor,  I 
il,  1708-70  ;  groom  iJ  tbs  >lote,  1T70. 


[«tL  »T»] 


-■ritw; 
fdtovi 


it  tlK  Clan  lamll;).  IM9-19: 
[htfa  Earl,  1191-1314;  Clabi 
It  Bahi,  d.  list;  :  CJURK,  it. 


It  Uncolu  Cijtiga, 

B^.:   X.k.  dan  Hall.  Oambridgc  ITU 

Waitiui  Va»ILaBd  ColUngtM.lTM;  bla'L. . 

i^t  out  In  two  parti.  ir«t-7 ;  pob- 
>  •  DlalogiMa  betmn  Tbmm  wd  Aipaalo,' ITM, 
3y  Vt»\tjy  hit  replj  being  lasDed  poatlLiuDoml;. 
leclol  wurki  pobUiW,  17M  («  TcOi.) 
aosTHDHDi.  Rali-h  Dfc  i  13»7 ;  Smiiuai  1  HEBVKT.  JAMffi  (17M  f-lB«X  pbyHdan;  ItA. 
nntBiHt-of  the  ii8i™dci«Um  Ijuayjest;  ^  qoiol-i  College.  O^o^mt;  M.D,  1:81;  pLjTildaii  to 
,  SiK  EoWARii,  Barl  ol  tbe  third  oreatioo,  ,  (juj'.  HoapltaL  1"B;  F.R.CJ'.,  1781  iOulFtonlanleclurer, 
'U  I  17ia;  III  Cim  «n»r,  17U-))iM ;  Hanelu ontiir.  ITU, 

TOKS,  CocKTcn  or.    [3(g  SKTHadn,  Cathi-      LiunleiaD  lecturer.  lTBS-1811.  [iiTi.  IM) 

*'-"**■!  HERVKY.  JOHK  (W1«-H7S>.  tieajurer  to  ritbcrtiw 

:SLET,  LEWIS  (II87-187UV  librarian   to  the  '  of  Bragania ;  U.P.,  Hythe,  lMl-7» :  patron  of  Cowlej. 


JX  librarian   to  (be  ' 


■  hii  uo  Edtranl).  and  bMueco  Turkej  and 
>Dinn<lsu-U).  Iiui.  [iiTl.  37E] 

rzY  or  HBBT.&TIB  (i.  1131),  <lnC  blabop  of 
Je  b«bop  el  BinKor  bj  WUtiam  II,  IDM,  but 

made  ailmintrtntor  of  tbe  Abbey  of  Ely.  1 1U7 ; 
f  Ely.  lluv-11:  aiundol  oaundl  on  clerical 
t,  UN.  [Hvt  S7fl] 

rZT.  LOBD  ARTHUR  OHARLBS  (laOS-lKH), 

Batb  ud  WpUi  :  Iwiltb  ho  of  Prolerick  WU- 
itinarquiii 


Ige;  M.A,1716;  Myled 
T  brotber  Carr  Ha^Ter 
imonda,  1716 ;  graaCed 


kiUege, Cambridge :  B.A..1830:  oivlalned  print,     Panl 
etor  o(  Honinger  and  Ickwor"-   '"■■'-    — "■ 
Bodburj,  JM3  ;  bldbop  of  Batl] 


■and     M«7  Wortiejr  ^ 


pamphlete  in  bebalf  • 


Fitt'i,  'KpLslle  to  Arbu 

, , Oallof  Sir  Rohert  Wal 

„-.  IB7D-81;  pnbllibfd  'Genealogte*  of  our  tetiwi  Loni  Heney  aod  D     

•i.  [BnppL  11. 41t]  Roman  Senate.'  edited  l^  1 

rXT,    AUOUSTDB    JOHN,    tblrd     Babi   of  ',  "f?^'^,.5*'E'o.'?  Oiortt 

:17M-1I7»).  admiral :  giMdwoof  John  Herrer,  '***  (feP'™<=*.  ''*'>• 
1*  Briali*  [q.  v.J ;  mairtal  Hiiahetb  Ohndldgh  "''•■""     '""" 

fl*.  df— -- ■ 


erByngiu 

17U ;  aerred  uniW  Kiqipel  al 
la  eaptore  of  llartlnlque,  SI 


HXKTXT,  JOHN,  Br; 
IT61X  ■'big  politician:  I 
Uerrey  of  Ickvorth.  17i: 
Ejjills  at  OuiUhaU,  Bury. 


L.T>.  Clare  Hall,  Cat 


ibridg*, 
:  Mart- 


HBRVEY 


614 


HBURTUBY 


BEBVXT,  MARY,  Ladt  (1700-1768),  cUnghtcr  of 
brigadier-general  Lepell ;  eulogised  by  Pope,  Oay,  Chester- 
fleld,  and  Voltaire ;  manied  to  John  Hervey,  baron  Henrey 
of  Ick worth  [q.  v.],  1720;  her  letters  to  Bey.  Bdmand 
MorriH  (1743-68)  pablished,  18SI,  and  others  in  Lady 
Suffolk's  *  Letters*  (18S4);  epitaph  composed  by  Horace 
Walpole.  [xxvL  189] 

HESYXY,  THOMAS  (1698-177(X  eccentric  paniph- 
leteer :  sccoiid  son  of  John  Herrey,  first  earl  of  Bristol 
[q.  v.] :  M.P.,  Bory,  178J-47;  equerry  to  Queen  (Caroline, 
17S8-37,  and  TioG-ohamberlain  to  her,  1733 ;  eloped  with 
wife  of  Sir  Thomas  Hanmer  [q.  v.]  *.  published  pamphlets, 
including '  Answer  to  a  Letter  he  recelred  from  Dr.  Samuel 
Johnson  to  dissuade  him  from  parting  with  his  Supposed 
[second]  Wife,'  1763.  [xxvL  890] 


,  THOMAS  KIBBLE  (1799-1859),  poet  and 

critic;  entered  at  Trinity  OoUege,  Cambridge,  c  1818: 
while  at  Cambridge  pubUshed  'Australia,'  a  poem  (3rd 
edit.  1829),  edited  'Friendship's  Offering,'  1826-7,  and 
the  'Amaranth,'  1839;  contributed  to  annuals;  edited 
*  Athenseum,'  1846-63.  [xxvL  291  ] 

HEKVET,  WILLIAM  (<f.  1567X    [See  Harvbt.] 

HEBYET,  WILLIAM,  Barok  Hkryry  of  Kid- 
BBOOKE((f.  1642X  didtingnlshedhims^  against  the  Spanish 
Armada,  1588 ;  knight«l  for  serrices  at  capture  of  Cadis, 
1596 ;  created  Irish  peer  for  services  in  Ireland,  1620 ; 
promoted  to  English  barony,  1628.  [xztL  292] 

HE8SLTIHE,  JAMES  (1690-1763),  organist  of  Dur- 
ham Cathedral,  1710-63,  and  compear.         [xzyL  292] 

HE8ILBI0E  or  HA8ELRI0,  Sir  ARTHUR,  second 
baronet  (d.  1661 X  parliamentarian ;  as  M.P.  for  Ldcesto*- 
shire  opposed  Laud's  religious  policy;  introduced  bill  of 
attainder  against  Straffonl ;  promoted  '  Boot-and-Branch 
Bill,'  and  (1641)  proposed  Militia  BiU;  one  of  the  five 
members  impeached  by  Charles  1, 1642 ;  raised  a  troop  of 
horse  and  fought  at  Bdgehill,  1642 ;  as  Waller's  second  in 
command  distinguished  himself  at  Lansdowne,  1643; 
wounded  at  Lansdowne  and  Roundway  Down,  16^ ;  pre- 
sent at  Cheriton,  1644;  a  leader  of  the  independents 
after  the  self-denying  ordinance ;  while  governor  of  New- 
castle recaptured  Tpiemouth,  1648;  refused  nomination 
as  one  of  the  king's  judges;  accompanied  CromwaU  to 
Scotland,  1648,  and  supported  him  with  a  reserve  army, 
1660 ;  Lilbnme's  charges  against  him  declared  false  by  the 
House  of  Commons,  1652 ;  purchased  conflscated  lands  of 
see  of  Durham ;  member  of  every  council  of  state  during 
the  Commonwealth;  opposed  Cromwell's  government 
after  dissolution  of  Long  parliament,  1653;  M.P.,  Ld- 
oester,  1654,  1656,  and  1659 ;  refused  to  pay  taxes  and  to 
enter  or  recognise  the  new  upper  chamber,  1657;  opposed 
in  Ck>mmons  recognition  of  Richard  Cromwell,  azKi  in- 
trigued Mrith  army  leaders  against  him;  became  recog- 
nised leader  of  parliament ;  obtained  cashiering  of  Lam- 
bert and  others,  1659 ;  gained  over  Portsmouth  and  raised 
troops  against  Lambert,  1659;  was  outwitted  by  Monck  ; 
arrested  at  the  Restoration,  but  Monck  interposed  to  save 
his  life ;  died  in  the  Tower.  [xzvi.  292] 

HESKETH,  HARRIET,  Ladt  (1733-1807X  cousin 
and  friend  of  the  poet  Cowper ;  married  Thomas  Hesketh 
(created  baronet,  1761).  [xxvi.  296] 


HENRY  (1637?-1710X  divine;  B.A. 
Brasenose  College,  Oxford,  1656;  vicar  of  St.  Helen, 
Bisbopsgate,  1678-94 ;  chapUin  to  Charles  II  and  Wil- 
liam III ;  published  religious  works.  [xxvL  296] 

HESKETH,  Sir  PETER  (1801-1866).  [See  Fleet- 
wood, Sir  Pbter  Hkskbth.] 

HESKETH,  RICHARD  (1662-1593),  Roman  catholic 
exile  :  incited  Ferdinando  Stanley,  fifth  earl  of  Derby,  to 
claim  the  crown ;  executed  at  St.  Albans  on  the  earl's 
information.  [xxvL  296] 

HESKETH,  ROGER  (1643-1715),  Roman  catboUo 
controversialist ;  vice-president  of  English  college,  Lisbon, 
1678-86 ;  came  to  England ;  wrote  a  treatise  on  tran- 
substantiation.  [xzvi.  297] 


M.A.,  1540 ;  D.D.,  1557 ;  rector  of  Hilteiham.  mU: 
chancellor  of  Sarmn,  1558-9,  and  rioar  of  KixwUi, 
1558-9;  retired  to  Flanders  and  became  a  DomiBiau, 
but  returned  to  England  secretly ;  paldisbed  '  Tbe  Pn- 
liament  of  Chrjite,*  1565  (Bnuada).  [xxvL  W\ 

HEBLOP,  LUKE  (1788-1825),  arcbdcMSOOof  Bocklnf- 
bam ;  fUlow  (1769)  of  Corpus  Ohristi  OoUege.  Cambridge ; 
senior  wrangler,  1764 :  MJL,  1767 ;  BJ).,  1775 ;  pRbes- 
dary  of  St.  Paul's,  1776;  arcbdeaoon  d  Baekiocbam, 
1778  ;  prebendary  of  Linoohi,  1778 ;  reotor  of  Adstoek, 
Bockinghamshhre,  for  twenty-five  years ;  reotor  of  Haij* 
lebone,  London,  1809 ;  published  eoooomic  pamphlets. 

[xxvL  m] 

HEBLOP,  THOMAS  PRBTI0U8  (1823-1885),  pbr- 
sidan  ;  M.D.  Edinburgh,  1848;  lecturer  oo  physiokigj  «t 
Queen's  College,  Birmingham,  1853-8;  phyndaa  to 
Queen's  Hospital,  1853-60  and  1870^2;  ohaimaD  o( 
Mason's  College.  [xxvL  2M] 

HE88E,  Princbbs  of  (1723-1772).    [See  Maby.] 

HB88E-H0MBVEO,  Lakdoraylm  op  a77O-l840> 
[See  Blizabbtb,  Princkss.] 


or    HA8KET,    THOMAS   (1561-1613), 
botanist ;  brother  of  Richard  Hesketh  [q.  v.] 

[xxvi.  297] 

HESKYHS   or    HESXIV,     THOMAS    (/.    1566), 
Roman  catholic  divine ;  fellow  of  Clare  Hall,  Cambridge ; 


PHCEBE    (1713?-1821X    reputed  tmak 
scddier  and  centenarian  ;  a  Brighton  *  character.' 

[xxvLS9e: 
HE8SBY,  JAMBS  AUGUSTUS  (1814-1892X  diriix: 
educated  at  Merchant  Taylors'  School  and  6u  Jotas) 
College,  Oxford  ;  M.A.,  1840;  RD.,  1845;  D.CX.,  18K: 
vicar  of  Helidon,  Northamptonshire,  1839:  bead-asster 
of  Merchant  Tavlora'  School,  1846-70 ;  prebendaiy  of  SL 
Paul's  Cathedral.  1860-75;  examining  chaplain  to  Joha 
Jackson  (1811-1885X  bishop  of  London  [q.  v.],  ISiO: 
archdeaoou  of  Middlesex,  1875-92 ;  pablished  tbeokviol 
writings.  [SoppL  iL  4U] 

HE8TEK,  JOHN  (<i.  1593),  distiller,  of  St  PtaTk 
Wharf ;  author  and  translator  of  medical  works ;  mo- 
tioned in  Gabriel  Harvey's  *Pieroes  Bopererafitios,' 
1593.  [xxvi.SMl 

HE8T0H,  WALTER  (/I.  1360),  OarmeUte  of  Stia- 
ford  ;  Cambridge  scholar  and  D.D.  [xxvL  M] 

HETHEKIVOTOH,  HENRY  (179S-18i9X  V^B^ 
and  publisher  of  unicamped  newmpen ;  drew  ap  *(Sr 
enlar  for  the  Formation  of  Trades  unions,*  1830;  teftt 
to  issue  the  weekly '  Poor  Man's  Goardian,*  onstsmpil 
July,  1831 ;  twice  imprisoned  for  defying  the  Isv: 
indicted  for  publication  of  'Poor  Man's  Goardian,' tai 
trade-union  '  Poor  Man's  Conservative,'  1834,  iriiatbr 
'Guardian '  was  declared  legal ;  impriaoned  for  pobfirih 
ing  'Haslam's  Letters  to  the  Clergy  of  all  OeooiBtaf 
tions,'  1840 ;  obtained  conviction  agidnat  Edward  Moxsa 
[q.  v.]  for  publishhog  Shelley's  works,  1841;  died  d 
cholera.  [xxvi  W] 

HETHESnrOTOV,  WILLIAM  MAXWELL  (U«- 
1865),  divine  and  poet ;  studied  at  Bdinbnrgb :  )«■> 
Free  church  ;  became  minister  of  Free  Si.  Paol'i,  Blii- 
burgh,  1848;  professor  of  apologetics  in  Kew  O^CT 
Glai^w,  1857 ;  published,  among  other  works,  hiitociei  a 
the  church  of  Scotland,  1843,  and  the  WostmiBflv  As- 
sembly, 1863  (ed.  R.  Williamson,  1878).         [xxvL  900] 

BETOK,  MARTIN  OSS2-1609),  bishop  of  Br: t^ 
Westminster  and  (Christ  Church,  Oxford ;  MX,  wij 
D.D.,  1589;  canon,  1582;  vice-chancellor,  1588 :  desoa 
Winchester,  1689;  bishop  of  Ely,  1599-1609;  9gt9A*> 
alienate  to  tbe  crown  richest  manors  of  Ely. 

[XXTi  »11 

HETOV,  THOMAS  (/.  1578X  London  ck>tb-inercb>H 
and  receiver  of  protestant  refugeiea.  [xxvi  w] 

HEXTOH.  HUGH  (1782-1846X  preabyterian  dirfttj 
moderator  ox  general  associate  synod,  1819 ;  miiditar « 
Regent  Place,  Glasgow,  1821-46:  DJ).  PittibarK,  Uu! 
Us  life  and  works  issued  by  Hamilton  MaQgill,  1850.  „ 

[xxvLW] 

HETTETLEY,  CHARLES  ABEL  (IBM-lfNV^ 
Margaret  professor  of  divinity  at  Oxford ;  worW  J 
timber  merchant's  office  at  Liverpool,  1822:  scbdtfj| 
Corpus  Christ!  College,  Oxford,  1823;  MJL.  1831 ;  n>"f« 
1832:  D.D.,  1853;  vicar  of  Fenny  Comptoo.  IM^' 
Bampton  lecturer,  1845  ;  Margaret  profenor,  18iMf> 


I 


HEVENUfGHAM 


615 


HEYDOU 


irOHAK,  WILLIAM  (1604-1678),  ngioide:  ! 
vfolk,  1683  ;  M J>^  Stockbridge,  1640 :  served  , 
c  o<  Baitem  Aaaodatioo,  1646 ;  member  of 
»ut  refufed  to  sign  death-warrant  of  Charles  I, 
ber  of  ooancil  of  state,  1649  ;  yioe^miml 
6M  :  at  the  Restoration  his  life  saved  by  the 
his  wife's  relations,  1661 ;  imprisoned  at 
4.  [xxTi.  808] 

T,  Sir  OBORGE,  first  baronet  (1760-1840X 
:h  TOtb  foot  in  West  Indies,  1764-74,  and  at  ' 
leston :  exchanged  with  48rd,and  was  deputy 
sr-geueral  to  O'Hara  ;  adjatant-general  iu 
-9  ;  raised  regiment  iu  Ireland  :  ma  jor-geueral,  , 
of  recruiting  department,  1799;  inspector-  , 
vyal  reserve,  1808  ;  c<Mnmander-in-chief  in 
1807-11,  In  Ireland,  1818-16  ;  created  baronet, 
1  of  6lBt :  generaL  [xxvt  308]      j 

T,  Sir  PRESOOTT  GARDNER,  first  baronet 
surgeon;  stodied  in  Paris;  M.R.C.S.,  1836  ; 
inatomy  at  St.  George's  Hospital,  1845 :  full  ' 
I,  and  conuultiug  surgeon,  1875 ;  F.R.C^.,  1H43,  ' 
t,  1876 :  P.IUS.,  1874  ;  surgeon  extraordinary 
;toria,  1867  ;  sergeant-surgeon,  1884;  surgeon 
;  Wales,  1875;  created  baronet,  1888;  pub- 
al  papers.  [Suppl.  ii.  417] 

T,  Sir  WILLIAM  (d.  1567X  lord-mayor  of 
ato'of  Clothworkers' Company,  1513;  alder-  ' 
intry,   1550-4,  afterwards   of    Candlewick ; 
fxloQ,  1553;  lord  mayor,  1559-60;  knighted, 
amor  of  Highgate  school  [xxvt  304] 

T,  Sir  WILLIAM  NATHAN  WRIGHTS  , 
vice-admiral ;  midshipman  during  Burmese 
promoted  for  gallantry  in  the  Crimea,  1854  ; 
first  recipients  of  Victoria  cross,  1857 ; 
on  royal  yacht,  1858 ;  captain,  1863;  served  on 
n,  1865-72;  as  commander-in-chief  in  West 
iharge  of  naval  operations  in  Ashantee  war, 
.B.,  1874  ;  roar-admiral,  1878 ;  commandcr-in- 
.  Iikdies,  1883,  conducting  naval  operations  in 
listed  in  defence  of  Suakin,  1884;  undertook 
Ission  to  Abyssinia,  1884 ;  vice-admiral,  1884 ; 
Channel  fleet,  1886-8.  [xxvL  305] 

or  HSWETT,  JOHN  (1614-1B58X  royalist 
Pembroke  College,  Cambridge;  D.D.  Oxford, 
ter  of  St.  Gregory's  by  St.  Paul's,  London ; 
e  harboured  Ormonde,  1658;  beheaded  for 
,  though  interceded  for  by  Mrs.  Claypoole ; 
TOtional  works.  [xxvi.  306] 

BOH,  WILLIAM  CHAPMAN  (1806-1878), 
left  to  firiUsh  Museum  fine  collection  of 
(Ufptera,  some  birds  and  pictures ;  published 
ogy '  (1833-12),  and  works  on  lepidoptera. 

[xxvi.  307] 
r,  JAMES,  Vkcount  Livford  (1709-1789X 
lor  of  Ireland;  barrister.  Middle  Temple, 
Coventry,  1761 ;  king's  serjeant,  1760 ;  judge 
;'8  bench,  1766:  lord  chancellor  of  Ireland, 
eated  Barou  Lifford  in  Irish  peerage,  1768,  and 
!)1 ;  his  decisions  as  chancellor  printed,  1830. 

[xxvi.  308] 
T,  JOHN  (1719-1802).  moyor   of   Coventry, 
and    1760:  published  *  Journal,'    1779-90, 
:  Laily  WUbrihammon,*  c  1778,  and  *  Guide  for 
1779.  [xxvL  308] 

T,  JOHN  (1807-1878X  antiquary ;  wrote  under 
anns  Swauquill ' ;  published  *  Ancient  Armour 
u>-,'  1855-60,  'Old  Woolwich,'  1860,  handbooks 
,  and  other  works.  [xxvi.  309] 

TT,   EBENEZER  (/.  1747),  writer  against 

fxxvi.  309] 

ITT,  JAMES  (1789-1886),  flower-painter. 

[xxvi.  309] 
!TT,  JOHN  (1762-1844),  biblical  scholar; 
alene  (college,  Cambridge,  1796 ;  rector  of 
rfolk,  1819;  published  *  Vindication  of  the 
y  of  the  Parian  Chronicle,'  1789.  *  The  Holy 
vlth  Critical,  Philosophical,  and  Explanatory 
,  and  other  works.  [xxvi.  310] 

BTT,  JOSEPH  THOMAS  JAMFJ9  (1800-IR47), 
iducated  at  Chorterhoucse  and  Worcester 
Cord  ;  M.  A.,  1826 ;  published  *  Peter  Priggius, 


the  College  Soont,'  1841  (iUostrated  by  Phis  and  edited  by 
Theodore  HookX  'Parsons  and  Widows,'  1844,  and  other 
wm-ks.  [xxvi.  810] 

HEWLET,  SARAH,  Ladt  ( 1627-1 710X  founder  of 
the  Hewley  trust:  heireos  of  Robert  Wolrych  and  wife  of 
Sir  John  Hewley;  left  land  for  support  of  dissenting 
ministers.  [xxvL  810] 

HEW80K,  JOHN  (<f.  1663),  regicide  ;  some  time  a 
shoemaker ;  led  forlorn  hope  at  Bridgwater,  1647 ;  one  of 
the  commissioners  to  represent  soldiers'  grievances,  1647  ; 
signed  Charles  I's  death-warrant,  1649;  commander  of 
foot  under  Cromwell  in  Ireland,  and  governor  of  Dublin ; 
M.A.  Oxford,  1649  ;  favoured  anabaptists,  and  headed 
faction  against  Henry  Cromwell;  represented  Ireland, 
1653,  Dublin,  1654,  and  Guildford,  1656;  member  of 
Cromwell's  House  of  Lords,  1657,  of  committee  of  safety, 
1659;  much  satirised  after  suppression  of  London 
'prentice  riot,  1659;  escaped  at  Restoration,  and  died 
abroad.  [xxvt  811] 

HEW80K,  Wn.LIAM  (1739-1774),  surgeon  and 
anatomist;  partner  of  Dr.  William  Hunter  [q.  v.],  1762- 
1771;  Copley  medallist,  1769;  F.IU9.,  1770:  published 
*  Experimental  Inquiry  into  the  Properties  of  the  Blood,* 
in  three  parts,  1771, 1774,  and  1777  (ed.  Falconar) ;  fatally 
wounded  himself  while  dissecting ;  works  edited  for  Syden- 
ham Society,  1846.  [xxvL  812] 

HEWBOK,  WILLIAM  (1806-1870),  theological 
writer;  educated  at  St.  Paul's  and  St.  John's  College, 
(Cambridge;  M.A..  1888;  head-master  of  St.  Peter's 
School,  York,  1838-47 ;  perpetual  curate  of  Goatland, 
1841^70 ;  published  works,  Includmg  *  The  Key  of  David,* 
1855.  [xxvi.  313] 

HSZHAV,  HENRY  (1585  ?-I650  ?),  military  wiiter  ; 
page  in  service  of  Sir  Francis  Vere  [q.  v.]  at  siege  of 
Ontcnd,  1601,  and  till  1606 ;  quartermaster  under  Sir 
Horace  (afterwards  barou)  Vere  [q.  v.]  in  expedition  to 
relieve  Breda,  1625,  and  subsequently  under  George  (after- 
wards baron)  Goring  (1608-1657)  [q.  v.];  in  Dutch 
service,  c.  1642,  till  death.  His  works  include  an  edition 
of  Mercator's  *  Atlas,*  1637,  *  English-Dutch  Dictionary,' 
1648,  and  accounts  of  various  military  operations  in 
which  he  took  part.  [SuppL  IL  418] 

HEXHAM,  JOHN  op  (A  ^80).    [See  John.] 

HEXHAM,  RICHARD  OF  (>r.  1141).  [See  Richard.] 

HEY,  JOHN  (1784-i815X  divine ;  brother  of  William 
Hey  (1736-1819)  [q.  v.]  ;  M.A.  Catharine  Hall,  Cambridge, 
1758 :  fellow  of  Sidney  Sussex  College,  1758-79 ;  Seatoniun 
prizeman,  1763 ;  Norrisian  professor  of  divinity,  1780-95 ; 
his  lectures  (1796)  edited  by  Turton,  1841.     [xxvi.  814] 


RICHARD  (1745-1835),  essayist;  brother  of 
John  Hey  [q.  v.] ;  third  wrangler  and  chancellor':! 
metlallist,  Cambridge*  1768:  fellow  of  Sidney  Sussex 
(College,  1771,  of  Magdalene,  1783-96;  published,  among 
other  works,  dissertation  on  gaming,  1783,  on  duelling, 
17&4,  and  on  suicide,  1785.  [xxvi.  314] 

HEY,  WILLIAM  (1736-1819),  surgeon  ;  brother  of 
John  Hey  [q.  v.] ;  senior  surgeon  to  Leeds  Infirmary, 
1773-1813  ;  F.R.S.,  1776  ;  friend  of  Priestley  ;  mayor  of 
LcMls,  1787-8  and  1801-3 ;  pri'sidcnt  of  Leeds  Literufy 
and  Philosophical  Society,  1783;  devised  operation  of 
partial  amputation  of  the  foot ;  published  medical  works. 

[xxvL  315] 

HEY,  WILLIAM  (1773-1844),  author  of  'Treatise  on 
Puerperal  Fever '  (1816) ;  son  of  William  Hey  (1786-1819) 
[q.  v.]  [xxvi.  315] 

HEY,  WILLIAM  (1796-1875),  surgeon  to  Leeiis  In- 
firmary,  1830-61 ;  sou  of  WiUiam  Hey  (1773-1844)  [q.  v.] 

[xxvi.  816] 
HEYDOV,  Sir  CHRISTOPHER  (rf.  1623),  writer  on 
astrology;  M.P.,  Norfolk,  1688;  knighted  at  capture  of 
Cadiz,  1596 :  suspected  of  complicity  in  Essex  rising,  1601 ; 
chief  work  *  Defence  of  Judiciall  Astrologie,'  1603. 

[xxvi.  816] 
HEYDOV,  Sir  HENRY  {d.  1603),  steward  of   the 
household  of  Cecilia,  duchess  of  York ;  knighted,  1485. 

[xxvi.  816] 
HEYDOK,  Sin  JOHN  (</.  1653X  lieutenant  of   the 
orxlnance ;    sou   of   Sir   Christopher   Heydon   [q.    v.] : 
knighted,  1620;  lieutenant-general  of  the   ordnance  to 
Charles  I  during  civil  war  ;  D.C.L.  Oxford,  1642. 

[xxvL  817] 


ISEYDdiT 


616 


HJSYWOOB 


HSTDOK,  JOHN  (/.  1667),  aatrologor :  imprifloned 
for  two  yean  by  OromMrdl  for  foretelling  his  death  by 
hanf^ff,  and  for  treasonable  pracUoea,  1868  and  1667 : 
wrote  many  works  on  Bosicmcian  myatlcisni,  borrowing 
loTKely  from  anterior  writers.  [zxtL  817] 

HEYLTK,  JOHN  (1685  7-1 759),  divine :  *the  Mystic 
Doctor  * :  educated  at  Westminster  and  Trinity  College, 
Cambridge:  M.A.,  1714:  D.D.,  1738:  first  rector  of  St 
Mary-Ie-Strand,  17S4-59:  prebendary  of  St.  Paul's  and 
Westminster,  and  chaplam  to  George  IT:  published 
*  Theological  Lectures  at  Westminster  Abbey,*  1749. 

[xxrL  818] 

HEYLYir,  PETBR  (160(>-166SX  ecclesiastical  writer: 
first  cousin  (onoe  removed)  of  Rowland  HfyWn  [q.  v.]  ; 
demy  and  fellow  of  Magdalen  College,  Oxioid:  M.A^ 
162<):  D.D.,  1633:  published  *Oeography/  16S1,  and 
'Survey  of  France.'  1656:  royal  chaplain,  1680:  pre- 
bendary of  Westminster,  1631:  incumbent  of  Alresford, 
Hant«,  1633:  controverted  puritan  views:  assisted  Noy 
(1683)  in  preparation  of  case  against  Prynne;  proposed 
conference  between  convocation  and  Commons,  1640; 
obtained  money  grant  from  convocation  for  Charles  I, 
1640 :  asserted  right  of  bishopti  to  share  in  all  proceedings 
of  upper  house :  joined  Charles  I  at  Oxford  and  chronicled 
the  war  in  *  Mercurius  Aulicus ' :  obliged  to  compound  for 
his  estate;  attacked  L'Estrange's  *Life  of  Charles  I,* 
1666,  and,  in  'Bxamen  Historicum'  (1668-9),  Fuller  and 
William  Sanderson;  issued  *Certameu  Bpistolare*  (1669) 
against  Baxter,  Nicholas  Bernard  [q.  v.],  and  others: 
sub-dean  of  Westminster  at  coronation  of  Charles  II,  1661 : 
disabled  by  infirmities  from  promotion :  chief  works 
'BccltiHJa  Bestaurata,  or  History  of  the  Reformation,' 
1661  (edited  by  J.  C.  Roberteon,  1849),  'Cypriauus 
Anglicus*  (i.e.  Archbishop  Laud)  (published  1668X  in 
answer  to  '(Canterburies Doom,* and  * Acrius  Redivivuri,  or 
History  of  Presbyterianfsm,*  publUbed  1670. 

[xxvi.  319] 

HEYLYK  or  HETLIN.  ROWLAND  (1663  7-1631), 
sheriff  of  London;  master  of  Ironmongers*  (Company, 
1614  and  1636 ;  alderman  of  Cripplegate,  1624:  sheriff 
of  Loudon,  1634-6:  published  Wekh  bible,  1630:  left 
beque^iCs  to  Shrewsbury,  the  Ironmongers'  Company,  and 
London  charities.  [xxvi.  33:)] 

HETKAN,  SIR  PETER  (1680-1641),  politician; 
knighted  by  James  1  for  scrvioes  in  Ireland:  M.P., 
Hythc,  1630-1,  and  subsequently:  ordered  to  serve  abroad 
at  his  own  expense  on  account  of  opposition  to  the 
government,  e.  1633 ;  imprisoned,  1639 ;  elected  to  Long 
parliament  for  Dover,  1640;  money  voted  to  his  heirs, 
1640,  for  his  service  to  Conmionwealth.  [xxvi.  334] 

HEYKE8,  SIMON  (d,  1653),  dean  of  Exeter:  fellow 
of  Queens'  College,  Cambridge,  1516  ;  M.A.,  1519 ;  presi- 
dent, 1638 ;  D.D.,  1631 :  vice-chancellor  of  Cambridge, 
1533-4 ;  vicar  of  Stepney,  1584 ;  ambassador  to  France, 
1635  :  dean  of  Exeter,  1537 ;  joint-envoy  to  Spain,  1638 ; 
prebendary  of  Westminster,  1540 :  assisted  in  compilation 
of  first  liturgy.  [xxvi.  335] 

HETSIGK,  RICELiBD  (1600-1667),  warden  of  Man- 
chester Collegiate  Church ;  son  of  Sir  William  Hericke 
[q.  V.];  of  Merchant  Taylors'  School  and  St.  John's 
College,  Oxford :  M.A.,  1638:  fellow  of  All  Souls',  Oxford, 
1626 ;  warden  of  Manchester  Coll^ate  Church,  1636 ; 
attacked  Bomanistsand  high  churchmen,  1641;  member 
of  Westminster  Assembly:  main  establisher  of  presby- 
tcrianism  in  Lancashire ;  published '  Harmonious  (Consent 
of  the  Ministers  within  the  0>unty  Palatine  of  Lancaster,' 
1648 :  obtained  restoration  of  church  revenues :  im- 
prisoned for  implication  in  movement  of  Christopher  Love, 
1616 ;  conformed  at  Bestoration.  [xxvL  835] 

HEYKIOK.  THOMAS  (d.  1694),  poet;  grand-nephew 
of  Robert  Herrick  [q.  v.]  ;  M.A.  Peterhouse,  Cambridge, 
1675;  curate  of  Market  Harborough;  published  'Mis- 
celliiny  Poems,'  1691.  [xxvi.  827] 


fellow  (Heightilbary)  of  (^neen's  College,  lUO;  ehtante 
of  university,  1871 ;  works  printed  under  name  of '  Batii> 
berus  *  or  *  Tisberius '  at  Pavia  and  Venice,  [xxrl  UT] 

,  WILLIAM  (156S7-1637X     [See  Hlv 


THRR.] 

HETWOOD,  Sir  BENJAMIN,  first  bwtmet  O^U- 
1865),  banker :  founder  and  president  (1 836-40)  «f  Mw- 
Chester  Mechanics'  Institution ;  created  baronet,  IRM; 
F.B.S.,1848.  [xxtL»1 

HEYWOOD,  ELIZA  (1693  7-1756).    [See  Hatvood.] 

HEYWOOD,  ELLIS  or  ELIZ^UB  Oi^O-UTI). 
Jesuit;  brother  of  Jasper  Heywood  [q.  v.]  ;  fellovof  An 
Souls',  Oxford,  1548  ;  B.C.L.,  1553  ;  secretary  to  OudiMl 
Pole:  jobuit  father  at  Antwerp :  published  (in  Iti^i 
fictitious  conversations  of  Sir  Thomas  More  (FloraMt 
1556) :  died  at  Louvain.  [xxvL  3»1 

HEYWOOD,  JAMES  (1687-1776).  aatbor ;  poUiiM     ' 
*  Letters  and  Poems  on  several  Oocastons,*  1733. 

[xxvL  »•] 

HEYWOOD,  JASPER  (1635-1598),  jesalt;  ton  «( 
John  Hqrwood  [q.  v.];  page  of  honour  to  Prinoeai  Bos- 
both  ;  probationor-fellnw  of  Merton  College,  Oxfoid,  IM : 
fcUow  of  All  Souls',  1558 ;  M.A.,  1558  :  became  a  }e»mi  it 
Rome,  1563:  professor  at  Dillingen  seventeen  yMii: 
superior  of  English  Jesuit  mission,  1581 ;  deported  M 
France,  1585;  died  at  Naples;  his  translatioiis  firas 
Seneca's  tragedies  reprinted  in  Thomas  Newton's  *  Senaa.' 
1581 ;  contributed  poems  to  *  Paradyse  of  Daynty  DeoiMi ' 
(1576).  [xxvL  1»] 


JOHN  (1753-1834),  physician;  M.D. 
of  Edinburgh,  1777 ;  practised  at  Carlisle ;  his  statistics 
(published  1797)  used  for  Carlisle  Table  (1816) :  said  to 
have  assisted  Paley  on  question  of  structural  design  in 
nature.  [xxvL  837] 

HEYTESBUBY,  Babox  (1779-1860).    [See  A'Court, 
WiLUAM.]  [xxvL  837] 

HEYTSSBUBY,    WILLIAM   (/.    1340),   logician; 
fellow  of  Merton  College,  Oxford,  1880 ;  posaibly  original 


HEYWOOD,  JOHN  (1497  ?-1580  ?),  *  the  old  ta^ 
epigrammatist ' ;  under  Henry  VIII  a  singer  and  jijv 
on  the  virginals ;  wrote  'Description  of  a  most  oriik 
Lad^e'  (on  Princess  Mary) ;  publicly  recanted  hiidsriil 
of  the  royal  supremacy.  1544  ;  in  great  favour  witt 
Queen  Mary  as  a  kind  of  superior  jester :  on  ■ciourtw  of 
Eli/Abeth  (1558)  retiroi  to  Malines,  where  be  probs^r 
died.  He  pnbUshed  interludes,  inclodlng  *Tbe  Four  f\' 
first  printed,  1569  (in  Hazlitt's  'Dodsley,'  1874),  'lit 
Play  of  the  Wether,'  1533,  and '  The  Play  of  Love':  pob- 
lisJied  ako  '  Dialogue  on  Wit  and  FoUy '  (reprinted,  liMi 
and  another  dialogue  containing  proverbs  and  ep^nai^ 
1563  (reprinted,  1867),  besides  ballad^  and  *  The  Spskr 
and  tlie  FUe,'  1556.  [xxri.  SU] 

HEYWOOD,  NATHANIEL,  the  eUer  (16U-1C77X 
ejected  minister  ;  B. A.  Trinity  (College,  (Cambridge,  IW: 
minister  of  Ormskirk,  Ijuicashire,  1656-63 ;  compclkd  li 
desist  from  preaching,  1674.  [xxtl  S343 

HEYWOOD,  NATHANIEL,  the  younger  neil-lTMX 
nonconformist  minister  at  Ormskirk  ;  son  oc  NatbMM 
Heywood  the  ekier  [q.  v.]  [xxri.  JI4] 

HEYWOOD,    OLIVER  (1630-170SX   noocoofonisrt. 
divine;  brother  of  Natbanid  Haywood  the  eider  [<!.▼•]: 
B.A.    Trinity    College,    Cambridge,    1650;   miniMcr  d 
Coley  Chapd,  Halifax,  1650;    exoommonioated  foriet 
u^ing  the  prayer-book,  1663 ;  licensed  preBbyteriaatfls^ft;    ] 
1673-5 :  imprisonal  at  York  for '  riotous  assembly.'  IM;    - 
his  Northowram  meeting-house  licensed  under  Tolcnii*     i 
Act ;  introduced  into  Yorkshire  the  *  happy  anifOB '  be-     I 
tween    presbyterians  and   oongregationaUBts,  ICIl :  ^ 
works  coUected  by  B.  Slate,  1885-7  :  '  Diaries'  edited  br 
J.  Horsfall  Turner,  1881-5  (4  vols.^  as  weD  as  his'Kos- 
conformist  Register.'  [xxvL  SS4] 

HEYWOOD,  PETER  (1773-1881),  navy  espteii: 
sailed  in  the  Bounty,  1786;  confined  by  mntineen,  Itt^' 
remained  with  the  party  at  Tahiti  and  joined  the  FU>^ 
1791 ;  treated  as  a  mutineer;  though  in  iroM  flMf" 
when  the  Pandora  went  down  in  Endeavour  SknitS 
1791;  convicted  at  Spithead  with  mntineen.  1713:  ab- 
tained  pardon  by  interpositi<m  of  Lord  Cliatbaiii.  l^'' 
promoted  lieutenant  by  Howe,  1794 ;  attained  post-n»> 
1803 ;  surveyed  part  of  east  coast  of  Oylon. 

[xxvLW] 

HEYWOOD,  ROBERT  (1574  7-1645X  poet;  of  ftf  i 
wood  Hall,  Lancashire:  his  'Observations  and  Initn^  j 
Uons,  Divine  and  Morall,'  first  edited  by  Jamas  CIto*)9i 
1869.  [xxvLtSf] 

HEYWOOD.  SAMT7EL  (1758-18S8X  ohfef-jaitioe  ^^ 
Carmarthen  circuit;  of  Trinity  HaU,  Cambridge; bv- 
rister,  Inner  Temple,  177S ;  serjeant-at-law,  I79« :  ebP* 


HEYWOOD 


617 


HIOKMAN 


rmmrthen  drcuit,  1807-38;  friend  of  Charles  ; 
:  published  *  Right  of  ProteeUnt  Disaenters  to  ' 
.  Tderation  aafiert«d,'  1787,  digests  of  election 
,ber  works.  [xxvi.  338] 

OOD,  THOMAS  (tf.  1650  7),  dramatist ;  said 
>n  a  fellow  of  Feterhooae,  Cambridge :  member 
admiral's  company,  1698 ;  afterwards  retainer 
Triotbesley,  earl  of  Southampton,  and  Edward 
«rl  of  Worcester :  one  of  the  qneen's  players, 
posed  lord  mayor's  pageants  for  many  years : 
s  plajB  lost :  an  ardent  protestant.     His  chief 

*  The  Foar  Prentices  of  London  *  (prodaoed, 
lUvhed.  1615X  ridicoled  in  Fletcher's  '  Knight  of 
g  Pestle ' :  *  Edward  FV  '  (two  parts,  1600, 1606  : 

Field.  184S) :  *The  Royal  King  and  the  Loyal 
in?  (ed.  J.  P.  Collier,  1860) ;  *  A  Woman  Killed 
ness '  (acted,  1603,  printed,  1607 :  ed.  Collier, 
[▼ed,  1887):  *The  Rape  of  Lacrece,*  1608; 
.ves '  (ed.  Ballen,  1886) ;  and  *  The  Wise  Woman 
L.'  1638.  He  also  pabUshed  *  An  Apology  for 
US  (reprinted,  1841X  and  poems  (including 
r  of  the  Blessed  Angds,*  1635X  translations,  and 
DB.  [xxvi  338] 

'OOD,  THOMAS  (1797-1866),  antiquary: 
Sir  Benjamin  Heywood  [q.  ▼.]  :  of  Hope  End, 
lire:  edited  for  Ohetham  Society,  ^Norris 
846),  *  Diary  of  the  Rev.  Henry  Newcome' 
I  other  works  ;  his  library  sold  at  Manchester, 

(xxvi.  348] 

LST  or  HIBBSST,  WILLIAM  (A  1760- 
ler.  [xxvi.  84S] 

ERD,  SHIRLBT  (18S6-1890X  jouroallst  and 
ral  writer;  edited  'Floral  World,'  1858-76, and 
'<  Magazine,*  1861-90:  published  horticultural 

[xxvi.  348] 

niT,  QEORGB  (1767-1837X  West  Indian  mer- 
ooUector;  alderman  of  London,  1798-1803: 
ocd,  1806-12  :  FJtS.,  1811 :  active  in  establish- 
V&t  India  Docks  and  (1805)  London  Institu- 
ied  for  Roxburghe  Club  Caxton's  version  of 
itamorphoses,'  1819 :  his  collections  sold,  1839. 

[xxvi.  343] 
OtT,  HENRT  (16007-1678),  divhie  ;  B.A. 
College,  Oxford,  163S :  D.D.  St  John's,  Cam- 
«6 :  vicar  of  Holy  Trinity,  Hull,  1661-60,  of 
rs-tbe-Less  and  St.  Olave's  Jewry,  1668;  pre- 
!  St.  Panl's,  1669  ;  published  *  Syntagma  Theo- 
i66S.  [xxvi.  343] 


ROBERT  (1770-1849),  founder  of  the 
ust :  RA.  Emmanuel  College,  Cambridge,  1791 : 
wrchant  and  slave  owner,  1791-1836  :  author  of 
impblets :  his  trust  (designed  for  elevation  of 
ministry)  widened  in  scope  by  efforts  of  Edwin 
ield  [q.  v.]  [xxvi.  344] 

CRT-WASS,  SAMUEL  (1788-1848).  anUquary 
gist :  M.D.  Edinburgh :  secretary,  Scottish 
'  Antiquaries,  1883-7  :  awarded  gold  medal  by 
r  Arts  for  discovery  of  'chromate  of  iron  in 
1880 ;  assumed  name  of  Ware,  1837 ;  published, 
ler  works,  *  Description  of  the  Shetland  Islands,* 
cooont  of  Ashton-under-Lyne  in  the  fifteenth 
888, '  Sketches  of  the  Philofwphy  of  Apparitions,* 
ocashire  Memorials  of  the  Rebellion  in  1715' 
d  geological  memoirs.  [xxvi.  344] 

B,  RICHARD  (18187-1886X  author;  M.A.  St. 
Uege,  Cambridge,  1814  :  e<!tabli8hed  New  Church 
Ml  ObapeU  St.  Vincent  Street,  Edinburgh,  1855 ; 
Is  chaplain  at  Lisbon,  Rotterdam,  and  Utrecht ; 

*  Praaria  and  the  Poor ;  or  Observations  upon 
naUsed  Relief  of  the  Poor  at  Elberfleld,'  1876. 

[xxvi.  345] 
SHIA,    THOMAS  PB  (d.   1870),  Franciscan: 
tingnisbed  from  Thomas  Hiberaicus  [q.  v.]  : 

*  Promptaarinm  Morale.'  [IvL  175] 

BVI0U8,  i»  HiBEBNiA,  or  db  Isbbkia,  PBTSR 
,    [See  Peter.] 

RHICirS,  THOMAS  (1306-1816).  [See  Thomas.] 

EEIVOILL  or  HI(2KH0RVOILL,  EDMUND 
b)t  divine  and  pamphleteer;    junior  fellow  of 


Caius  CoU^e,  Cambridge,  1651-8 :  chaplain  to  Lilbome'ri 
regiment,  1653 :  successively  baptist,  quaker,  and  deist ; 
afterwanis  a  soldier  in  Scotland  and  in  Swedish  sorioe, 
and  captain  in  Fleetwood's  regiment :  after  residence  in 
Jamaica  published  an  account  of  it,  1661 ;  ordained  by 
Bishop  Robert  Sanderson,  1661;  vicar  of  All  Saints', 
Colchester,  1668-1708.  and  Boxted,  1668-4;  quarrelled 
with  Comptou,  bishop  of  London,  and  was  condemned  to 

Eay  damages  for  slander,  Jeffreys  being  counsel  against 
Im,   1683:  publicly  recanted,   1684;   excluded,  1686-8; 
convicted  of  forgery,  17U7.  [xxvL  346] 

HIC^KES,  FRANCIS  (1566-1631),  translator  of  Lucian : 
B.A.  St.  Mary  Hall,  Oxfoni,  1683;  his  translation  of 
Lucian  published,  1634.  [xxvL  849] 

BIOKEB,  QASPAR  (1605-1677),  puritan  divine;  M.A. 
Trinity  College,  Oxfoni,  1688;  held  Cornish  livings  and 
was  consulted  by  parliament ;  member  of  the  Westminster 
Assembly,  1643  ;  ejected  from  Landrake,  1668 ;  fined  under 
Conventicle  Act,  1670.  [xxvL  849] 

HI0KE8,  GEORQB  (1648-1716),  nonjuror;  B.A. 
Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  1663 :  fellow  of  Lincoln  College, 
1664 ;  M.A.,  1666  ;  chaplain  to  Duke  of  Lauderdale,  1676 ; 
prebendary  of  Worcester,  1680:  vicar  of  All  Hallows 
Barking,  1680;  chaplain  to  the  king,  1681;  dean  of 
Worcester,  1683 ;  rector  of  Alvechurch,  1686 ;  opposed 
declaration  of  indulgence ;  deprived  for  refusing  to  take 
oath  of  all^iance  to  William  and  Mary,  1690 ;  in  hiding 
till  proceedings  against  him  stopped,  1699;  went  to  St. 
(Germain,  1693,  and  was  named  suffragan  of  Bancroft,  with 
title  '  Bishop  of  Tbetford ' ;  was  consecrated  in  a  private 
chapel  by  Bishops  Turner,  Lloyd,  and  White,  1694 ;  his 
houise  on  Bagsbot  Heath  searched,  1696  ;  with  two  Soot- 
tii*h  bishops  consecrated,  in  St.  Andrew's,  Holbom,  Samad 
Hawes,  Katbaniel  Spinckes,  and  Jeremy  Collier,  1718. 
His  chief  works  were  *Caae  of   Infant  Baptism,'  1688, 

*  Records  of  the  New  Consecrations,'  editions  of  the  *  Imi- 
tatio  Cbristi,'  and  of  F^nelon's  *  Instructions  for  the 
Education  of  a  Daughter,'  and  '  Linguamm  vetemm  sep- 
tcutrionalium  thesaurus  grammaUco-criticus  et  archoo- 
logicus,'  1703-5.  [xxvL  360] 

HIOKSS  or  HICKS,  JOHN  (1633-1685),  noncon- 
formist divine ;  brother  of  George  Hickes  [q.  v.]  ;  fellow 
of  Trinity  College,  Dublin ;  ejected  from  Saltash,  Corn- 
wall, 1668;  presented  petition  to  Charles  II  in  favour 
of  nonconformists;  joined  Monmouth  (1685)  and  wus 
sheltered  by  Alice  Lisle  [q.  v.] ;  tried  and  executed  at 
Taunton.  [xxvL  864] 

BIOKEB,  THOMAS  (1599-1634).  son  of  Francis 
Hickes  [q.  v.] :  M.A.  Balliol  College,  Oxford.  1683 ;  chap- 
lain of  Christ  Church,  Oxford.  [xxvi.  349] 

HIOKEY,  ANTONY  (d.  1641X  Irish  Franciscan  ;  pro- 
fessor of  theology  and  philosophy  at  Louvain  and  Cologne ; 
deflnitor  of  the  order  at  Rome,  1639 ;  published  (under 
pseudonym  *Dermitiu9  Thodseus')  'Nitela  Francisoanas 
religionis,*  1627,  and  an  edition,  with  commentary,  of  the 
works  of  Duns  Sootos,  1639  ;  died  at  Rome.   [xxvi.  356] 

HIOKEY,  JOHN  (1766-1795),  Irish  sculptor. 

[xxvi.  856] 

HIOKEY,  THOMAS (>!.  1760-1790),  portrait-painter; 
brother  of  John  Hickey  [q.  v.]  ;  accompanied  Macartney 
to  China,  1798 ;  probably  visited  India ;  published '  His- 
tory of  Painting  and  Sculpture  *  (Calcutta,  1788). 

[xxvi.  856] 

HIOKEY,  WILLIAM  (1787  7-1875X  Irish  philan- 
thropist and  author :  B.A.  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge, 
1809,  and  Trinity  College,  Dublin.  1809;  M.A.  Dublin, 
1832 ;  incumbent  of  Banuow,  Ferns,  1830 ;  helped  to  found 
agrrictiltural  school  at  Bannow ;  with  Thomas  Boyce 
established  South  Wexford  Agricultural  Society ;  rector 
of  Kilcormick,  1886,  Wexford,  1831,  Mulraukin,  1834 ;  as 

*  Martin  Doyle  *  published  *  Hints  to  Small  Farmers  * 
(1830)  and  similar  works:  edited  'Illustrated  Book  of 
Domestic  Poultry,'  1854,  and  '  Irish  Farmer's  and  Garde- 
ner's Magazine,*  1834-42 :  gold  medallist  of  Royal  Dublin 
Society ;  received  pension  from  Royal  Literary  Fund. 

[xxvi.  356] 

HIOKXAK,  CHARLES  (1648-1713),  bishop  of  Derry ; 

educated  at  Westminster  and  Christ  Church,  Oxford ; 

M.A.,  1674  ;  D.D.,  1685  ;  chaplain  to  William  III,  Anne, 

and  Lawrence  Hyde, earl  of  Rochester;  rector  of  Bum- 

I  ham,   Buckinghamshire,   1698-1708;    bishop   of    Derry, 

I  1708-18.  [xxvi  867] 


lnnw;   Bodldu 
ADglliBne.' 


Lfoni,  H 


PRANCia  IJI.  16W1,  Kbdiir:  of  WMt- 
rlit  Oliiircb.  Oilaii;  U,A„  lisa:  Ddu- 
oivtw,  ia»S:  eoDttibDtal  to  -Muw 
[XI ri.  SBI] 
HBNRT  [d.  l<n),«Hitnrmtiitln:  B.A. 
ill,  OmnbridBO :  fdlow  nf  Uagdalen  ODl- 


t  HoUtnd:  curled 
I'eteT  IdsjLru  [q.  v.),  Jnhn  DunI  [q.  r.J,  ind  oUieri ;  lUed 
>l  IcjdoL  [iivl.  ilT] 

EIOEMAB.    BulHeiidFDUy  Vm)BOB,    THOMAS, 

DF  PlTMOCTU  (lS3J7-lSti;).      [Sw  WlMUflOB.} 

SlOXe    or    HIOKEB,    B4FTL1T,    Brat   Vbtocfst 


[nvL  M8] 


EtOKS.   HENBY  (IBH-ISM),  gadoglit;  itodM  it 
OuTl  BiMpIUl :  I.^^.  ud  ILR.a&,  ISM ;  tnmetlisd  u 

■iiiBecKiatSLDmTU'iuid,tniiiilSTl,BtHeDdoBi  itodled 
nrOcnr  wlUi  Jataa  WQIUm  Bslta  [q.  t.]  ;  pnildnit  ot 
aeolagUU'  AHOoIaUciii.  18Bl-t;  aeatttxj  <d  0(Oli«i<iid 
BocietT,  ieiW-1.  lod  pnldmt,  IBH-S ;  FJ.B,  188i ;  pDtt- 
lUiBl  geglogiml  pitpen.  [Sac^iL  IL 'til] 

lard  Bar^iilr^]'  ddI  3ir  Bobert  Oadl ;  broUis  ot  BipUtt 
Hlcta  or  niulM.  Ant  vlamint  Campdm  [q.  V.],-  ol 
Trialtr  College,  Csmliililge.  ind  Llncolak  liin :  Inic 
-     "  '  ~  "a  QreTillB  [q.  T.]  ;  tnighWd, 


mcxa.  WIIXUU  (Ull-laoO),  purlUn  :  ol  WuUuuD 
College,  Oxford ;  loDgbt  lb  parlSAmvaUrlDii  uiny ;  pnb- 
Uihcd  on  eiiXHitioD  of  Eeielstlon,  ie09.        [ixiL  aso] 


ry'  (1M9),  uid  >lolUiir  pobUatloiu.  (xitL  9CU] 
HIOKfl,  Wlt.T.TAM  {lUO-lKSS),  DWisral  III  BuTptun 
amy  ('Hicks  FHtan'):  nw  wt1«  u  Briilih  oiDwr  la 
IndlH  and  Abyaalaia,  ftttalDlng  rank  of  coloieU  ISSO ; 
*hilo  In  command  ol  Bf^ptlBD  umy  [or  lappreulcdi  of 
Ushdl  wu  led  Into  bh  amfaoKide  iu>d  ilclo  la  tlis '  battle 
Dt  KaihglL'  [UFl,  IflO] 

HIOEB.  WILLIAU  ROBERT  (180».1M8),  liumoriit : 

(iiKn-i»ro). 


t  of  Bodmin  Aiyluu 


r.  WILLIAM 

eaUonal  writer ;  membi 
ployed  buid-lofim  wfbi 


rf  royid  a 


1,  Dolcli,  and  BelttlBD  school 
uu  pikuuniHu  luiuiU  ^n '  Watmlortn'  ReTiew " 
blm,  IMO-ei]  :  nrote  aln  mols  muinala. 

(ixTl.  Mr] 
(i;BS-18tB).       [Sea    DnoLEY, 


HTPFEBKAIT,  PAUL  (inWTTTl  autbor:  M.B.. 
ttoncpelltcr ;  pubUihed In  Doblln  'ThoIloUflr'la  oppoji- 
'--  --  "■--'-  ■ --as(mi-I7n)  [q.  T.],  17M;  IbsuuI 


r.  publWitd  'Mlecel- 

aiid  Vcne,'  ITM,  and  'Dnimallo  Gdiliu,' 
a  QuTiok,  wbo  niHd  a  aabscriiitloa  lor 

[iirl.  ac3] 
rHYGEBSSST  ifi.ltlX  aiclibliLop of 
bang  bithap  fWsn  7;e.    Llohflcld  «h9  n 
Htod  by  Pope  Hadrian  at  reqi«t  ol  ODa. 
jonllnslel  lo  CuUibiliT.     [iiTi.  Ul} 


■SLQQTSBOS 

EIOIIEK.  HENRY  [fl.  IS9S),  latbor  o 


HiaDZ5.  tiANULK(.l.  lSG4).<ibnniicl(T ; 
of  St.  WerbDTlf'a,  Ohaler  ;  blB  '  Poljcbronlcon 

CailoB-Haa.  Wynkyn  d>  Wonle,  llM.anJPe 
1137 :  anotber  translation  mule  la  tbe  arUci 
the  original  Lulln  wu  Uiaual  in  Bolla  Sai>r 
EhKUiIi  vmlous  uud  omliuuutlsn.  [. 

SiaSEX,  1VTLLTAU  <if.  )T1»>,  dlTive; 
Oollege,  Ownbrldge,  IBSa ;  D.D.,  inO:  pn 
Canterbiir7, 1713 ;  defmdad  taklog  tb«  oaths  i 

aiDFOKD.  WILLIAM  (1681  T-ieiT),  _pai 

~"  ■    '  Oollege,  Oxford,  16W ;  bii  ■  IM 

InodtoD,'  Drat  pnutrd.  lua,  [i 

SIBanS,    BRYAN-    (i;37?-18BH.    pi;- 

■hcDilst;   fratlmitfd  at  LcyO«i ;   cBtablisli»l 

ihemUtry  in  3obn,  1771;  IutIHiI  to  Ru»t> 


Advl< 


moonrs,  orablrh  lonqdet(18m- 

faotor  olTurwy,  B»l(Drd«lil« ;  of  IWiiilyO 
brldEe(M.A,  lau),  Lincoln's  tan,  and  SCUu 
HoBpiUl.  t 

HiooDia,  FBAKOia  (iccii-iris).  >r! 

Oaetael :  HA.  Trlaity  CoUqie,  Dublin,  ICH ; 
ol  Obilat  Ohaivh  Cutbedral,  Dublin,  llus: 


from   the  beach  and  law  llat:  iaform^  u 
EdwBid  Filicenild  [q.  i-Z  ""^  olhera.  l 

EiaanrB,  oudprby  (1771-1831),  yn\ui 

lory  of  reii«lDn :  o(  Trinity  H»U,  CamhriJiW 
mafflftrate  and  rtformer^  wnte,  bcaldn  p 
Bodal  pamphleU.  'Anacalypeli  .  .  .  Iriqulr 
Origin  or  LanitnaKiii,  NaUons.  and  ReUt^ous, 
ISM  (repriuted,  1S7»),  and  other  n-orki.  [ 
HtOGtSS,  JOHN  (/.  ItlO-leuS).  poet  an 
rorlied  'Halout'A  Dtctlonarle.'  \m\  pul 
'F]ower»^lKlectJ<nufromTpreni;ebyhiui->44ti 


HIOBDrs.  MATTHEW  JA»ES  (1B10-1H 
lit :  of  Eton  and  nlilwnlty  CoUfgc,  Oiii.r.1 

(IMB):  twice  iw'lal  Billlib  OniMia,  wbm  b 

IW:  'Fonirinatsd  to  tha  Feellte  'Momuii! 
alio  10  "The  Tldiffl.'  'PaU  Hail  Oaietlt,'  an 
Magmlnc'  (under  'Tbaokeray),  expotlnjr  mt 
bid '  Sasiji  00  BDclal  Subjects '  edited,  ISIS.  [: 
HXaeniB,  WILLIAM  (d.  \Ki\  cbemi^I 
Bryan  Htiglns  [q.  t.J  r  librarian  to  R<^1  Dili 


_     ._._7-19(W). 
imaU<lMS-<d' 
ai(l868-7«);  I      •■    - 


EBANOIS  (lU7-lGtak,  pncj 
Dim's  CoUcgcj,  Canibrldfti' : 
ibetihlp  of  St.  N'-"--'-^    ■■  - 


HTLDTARD 


lltil  Glrplien. 

'SOK,   JOHK   (1618-1709),   1 


1  wldnHcd  I 


DiTflHi  and  CanBTene,  uid  a 
-J, :  aa  -  Hlilortcsl  Worla'  (WMf.  con- 
iwot  Ox  KngUa(iHl3lorj'(lTMXluid 
irt'i  '  OuTi  Time,"  171*.  [iiTi.  S7SJ 
SBJl-HILUS  (1B78?-1«6BX  diTtne: 
di.  Oifonl,  IfiUU;  pbnplalu  to  bilbcqi 

m :  iTt£TQl  ta  France :  rccoavertcd  and 
HuDUn.  Scat:  pabUilial  tbieliKlFal 

[«n.  S74] 
i  TROUAS  (IS34-tl39l>.  dlplomaUat 


[xirt.  3761 
■Nor  OBIVFITH  (l»89-l(llBXdBin  ol 


Mini  Titaa 

IT  OBI V  FIT 

i-j  Dollegr,  O 


dT  Ucliadd,  1«I8;  Isfl  bcmiHU  U  SojUi 
Odleian,  And  UsrUm  wd  Et.  JDbn'B  Ccilkgra  ; 

if  Oifocd  la  l«ar/  prioUd  bv  BUas,  ISIG. 

[UTi  37J1 
K,  JOHN  {jl  lUB).    [Sh  HuuuiH.] 
I,  THOMAS  0T)l>'lBt4},Un»«i«>aiKr. 

[iivi.  sni 

DKE,  AKTHOKT  ailB-l'«9),dniughbimBa, 
ill  HigUmnre  [q.  ».]  [ijyL  SIBJ 

OKE,  ANTJIOKY  a7IH-ia»),  ICAl  nritsr: 
KHij  Elghman  (171S-17OT) :  trtiod  of  ano- 
[q.  T.] :  pubUshel  ■  agra  of  the  Doquine  of 


OBI,  JOaBPH  (1««-1780),  palnwr :  acpbsw 
HJIfhBion  [t|.  (.] :  <tddl«l  nnder  KdcUot  ; 
Ttmt-dnviagi  for  >  luluIUtlaa  or  KolgbU 
I,"  17M;  palDUd  portTilla  of  tbePripoe  ami 
Vti\m,  tlw  Duke  gl  CuratMrUud,  tbeOtinDinint, 


KTRAM,  GEORi 
-BM  ■ataas  0 


18(1 :  burrliter.  Liocotii' 


EILAKT  Ul.  IDS).  Lntio  poet:  tuppoiel  to  ban 
befii  an  Kn^bbMui ;  dimple  of  Al>^nl  apd  canon  of 
Ronoemy;  hlipoem  printtd  h>  M.  OlmoipoUlon-Flgemj, 
IBK;  Fitmcta  in  Wrigbt'i-SlognpblB  Brluonlin  lite- 

HILAXT(d.neB).b^bopolCbli:btaUT.lU7;  dceled 
■rebbliliop  ol  York.  1M7,  bot  notoouBrniBl  by  tbe  pope; 
mxHidlBl  King  Stf  phcD  iLodArebbMiop  llHob&ld,  11481 

11117:  or^  Becligt  to  ucept  tbc  'uiuleiit  cutotoi'l 
ln<^Eudal  In  emboH^y  to  tlie  pope  ogolost  BcckA :  grviled 


HILDA  (or,  more  proporl;,  HnH).  Sain' 
bhesa  ot  Whitby;  bnptlsed  br  ' 


;  .€ltlf^^!.  d»nt.lit«l 


HXLSEKBSAK,  ARTHUR  (1 
j-ltui  dlTlbe;  eDKr 
)7a ;  diBlolierilHl  ta 

Ailiby-de-ln-'Zonqb.  Uol :  i 


It  Christ's  OuUege,  Ollu- 


trfualng  thr ' 
U16,  B 


ij-  bijth  m 


!  ot  Uchl 


i>  bUbop,  leot, 


■  jhlfimtlc.  lUie 

^ospflidal.  ia30,bii' 


•  ■  OLll  L. 


D  YInLjtry  of 


ti^iiHd  u  ImprlBOD- 
i»um^  to  Asbhy, 

^urdi  oF  Ennkn^l,' 

BAMOBH1M4  7- 

in/l),  OITlne ;  son  or  Jrtnnr  Hilileraini  [q.  •.] ;  fdlow  ot 

of  WMtmlniler  Asumbli ;  oj'eclal  bom  Wen  FelUD, 
Blirojwhire,  laol.  [XKii.  WHl 

HILDSaLET,  JOHN  (d.  1S38).    [Pee  HiLSKI.] 
HZLDESLXT,  UARK  (IBe8-lT7tX  biibop  of  eodot 

fordabire,17i6-67  ;  prebeDJuryof  Llntoln.UM :  oliapltla 


niLPILlD,  ^ 


T  (Jl.  700),  ab 


Itx 


HILDrrCH.  flm  EDWARD  (1B0S-1M7B),  uaprctor- 
Plymoutb,  lS^A>tlreellwicb,lMl :  [usptctor-genpnil,  186*- 
taigiital,  186S,  [ii«l.  M6] 

HILDBDP,  JOHN  (<l.  me),  dliine :  M.A.  St,  Joho'* 
CoUoii'.  Liilord,  1JU6;  DJ)..17«i  miwUT  of  fr«  anun- 

BoHortiblre.  and,  1714,  of  W«lh-jnit«-Bipoo ;  (rlHnl  of 
ZooliBiT  Grey  [ci- M  ni.'Mis=Elljui»u*  Worto' (ITM) 
includcMUreiBgHlngtUiedelats,  [rrrl.  980] 

HILDTAim,  JAMES  (1809-18B7),  cloKilail  sctioUri 


JT  prootop,  IMl :  pwMher  ai  WhtobiJl,  lli«-4 :  I 
bent  at  [lutoblib]'.  \Si6-x7  :  edlud  plift  cri  PInntu 
A  punpUnU  KlTaratiDg  reriMon  of  UtuT^  and  i 

'WatnUiuMr :  I 

vxIncUng  oil  l , 

Hon  ol  Ontslik  niB;  uddinwd  nnpUmmlWT  pKma 
to  Petartwrooffb  uid  Prter  th#  Qt^tt ;  vtlrlsrd  by  Fnpe ; 
■ttneked  Fopi  la  -Pngmi  ot  Wtt-  (ITSO)  mnd  Mhet 

KbtloatlDDi.  bat  ■fWrwanb  sorraiiooded  ■mimblf  wilb 
n ;  ODTtvinDdal  wltb  RIcbanlMm ;  prodoced  playH  anil 
"        "  "   -—- ■-■■i  -BijiftMo-  (iril). 


iKiidilrj  Dt  sijiibiuy,  tt3a'. 

TTTTT.    or    SYIX.    A1 

■ndulal  iC  Bologn* :  F.l 


I    (d.    Uas),    pbyilcUn : 


,  AI.BXANDER(1TBa-lMr).pni<auDral<UilaltJ 
it;  •on  ot  Gtorge  HIU  <17M-181»)  fg.  t.]: 
1  at  St.  Agdmn.  IWt :  DJ)..  IKH :  mlidner  ot 
SIS:  dlTlnlt;  profeHor,  IStu-Cl;  madentnr  ot 


oooDtj    Down ;    MJ",   coodUb  Down 


(ISM-IBTU),  Undv^np 


Aru.  IHtO-B,  and  afur  \tt  luearpontiaa  In  the  Rsyal 

IhuhU  IMI  :  [nlolfil  nuui;  other  SootehhludKapei,tuid 
'6t^ln«  the  D«il  of  Dcmyaloik.'  IBUi  Urat  artist  to 
apply  photo^upby  In  portralton;  a  commiHloiber  of 
Hdottiab  boKrd  of  manulBCtuRS,  IMQ;  oliKliialcd  Rlin- 
boricli  Art  Union.  [utI.  301] 

KILL,  sibDUDT.BYST.  I.EOBR(17»0-186IXnrijor. 
BOiDtal ;  botvhI  with  Bsai  (ritl»  brigid*)  ai  MouU'  VLi<o 

tbc  Fmbuiila,  laos-tD:  bold  Foitoginn '-"    ■' 


n  Hook,  1SM-7I;     

nvouDC  nr  folding  cDTelopes,  eihlblUd.  Ii 
■  Prinolpla  of  ODrmey,' litM. 

LL.  OBORRB  (ifl^ieoa).  Mng'E 


('B«)BtDt  lAbfrtnUi'l; 

anX.  GBOnOB  (iru-laiax  prinolpal  of  SI.  itury-i 
College.  St.  Andrewi ;  Kndiut«l  from  St  Aadrom.  I7S4 : 
Mnt-profttHir  of  Oneli.  1779->18.  ot  illrlnlty.  17S8 :  SJ>., 
1TB7;  prindpalDl  St.  MatT'"  CtSloge.  1JB1-181B;  dnn  ot 
Ohapel  Roy^  17M;  QoiteFator  of  itinurala?Kmblj»>7^I>; 
bi>  'LhUih  on  DlrlDity'  pnhlliihcd.  1I<«1,   [ixvl.  iM] 

KtlX,  Sir  HUGH  (18M-iaJl).iodire  ol  the  qdohi'- 
bmcb:  B.A.  DabllB,  IMl  :  barrtalH.  Middle  Temple. 
IMI,  after  being  a  incomtul  special  pkadiT :  Q.C_  tMI : 
|adet>  of  qpwD-s  bmcb,  IBIS-aL  [iitI.  SBi] 

am.  JAMBS  (d.  nfan  aoUqasry;  FS.A..  171B; 
P.R.8..  1719  ;  DomapobdK)  vrith  Wllliain  Stokeler ;  made 
oolIcotioDS  for  bittory  ot  BeretoidiUre.        [nil.  M<] 

HILL.  JAMBS  ((f.  1817?),  actor  sod  tocaU.t; 
appvBml  St  HalhtiDd  CoTpDt  Ganleu,  1794-in06:  nld  (o 
ban  dMJ  Id  Jamtia.  t"*l-  ***! 


DOT  m»Ma<Te(lflBl  J,  carried  oi 

Abigail,  lady  Mwhani  [.].  r.] : 
ami(  i7oa)offl«r  In  sraiy  tUrou 

I7U9 :  brigKlter«mpiul  In  comi 


apothniary  and  n 


SacAOj.  nddlnn.  O 
the  'HUllad'- 


1  ■  Thf  Innpeclor.' 


HILL.  JOHN  nARWi«il>  (1 
to  Lord  Cardigan  at  Dmoe :  r»tar 
Harhopough,'  I87(. 

HILL.  JOSETH  (IGSK-ITDT). 
and  IrxIcograpbcT :  ffUaw  ot  Mai 

lonolty.  1M3  :  puliir  of  i^cottlsh 

caUng  Bngllah  amuin ;    Kiiiiliib 
on  HarlngTllet,  Botr^rdani.  lG;r< 

HILL,  JOaF.i'H  <ifln;-i72B).p 

HILL,  JOSEPH  BIDXET  (1 
bl»hop:  ntadiBd  at  Church  Mi.^.!io 
Islington;  deacon,  1li7fi ;  joUifil  m 
appointed  to  »w  Zralond  mi><^if' 
blahop  In  Wcatem  Eqoalonal  At ri^ 

HUl.  MATTHEW  DAVESl 


gbt  i\ua-}K3 

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Hlffuilon  of 

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haryv  o(  ^v,lo 

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Klchanl  Lai 

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'  :    BA.,   1676;   envoy  extraordinary  to 

^x~ia,  1696 ;  ambasMdor  at  the  Hague  and 
'^jnsory,  1699;  member  of  admiralty 
aas  envoy  to  Savoy,  1703-6,  gained  adbe- 

i:a.]ce  to  gnmd  allijuiGe  and  toleration  of 
Saoodence  tobliabed,  184A) ;  fellow  of  Bton, 

MS  bon.  D.O.L.  of  Oxford.       [xxri.  406] 

SICHARD,  seoond  baronet  (178S-1808), 
»  ;  grand-n^hew  of  Richard  Hill  [q.  v.] ; 
eBtminster;  M^  Magdalen  OoUege,  Ox- 
^«oJced  oniverrity  for  expelling  methodiat 
L»  1768;  carried  on  controversies  vrith 
t  I)aabeny[q. v.], and  others;  M.P.,Shrop- 
& :  succeeded  as  baronet,  1788. 

[xxvi.  406] 
CVLL,  ROBERT  (tf.  li26X  judge;  king's 
:    judge  of   common  pleaa,  1408;  chief- 
>f  Ely,  1423.  [xxvi.  407] 

»BBRT  (tf.  16S8X  divine;  M.A.  Ohrist's 
•ridge,  1688 ;  fellow  of  St.  John's  College, 
ukl  curate  of  St.  Andrew,  Norwich,  1691- 
f  St.  Margaret  Moyses,  Pridi^  Street,  Lon- 
SL  Bartholomew  Exchange,  London,  1613- 
ad  devotional  works.  [xxvL  407] 

BBBT  (1699-1777),  learned  tailor,  compared 
nee  with  Magllabechi ;  acquired  Greek  and 
wrote  theological  treatises.       [xxvL  408] 

>BERT  OARDINBR  (1811-1878),  surgeon  ; 
•hn  Harwood  Hill  [q.  v.] ;  M.RCSn  1834 ; 
;eoo  to  Lincoln  lunatic  asylum  (1836-40) 
h  tbe  restraint  system ;  joint-proprietor  of 
use  asylum,  1840-63;  mayor  of  Lincobi, 
etor  of  Earl's  Court  House,  Old  Brompton, 
dikhed  works  on  treatment  of  lunatics. 

[xxvL  408] 
9GBR  (1606-1667X  judge;  barrister.  Inner 
I;  bencher,  1649;  junior  oooni»el  against 
ILP.,  Bridport,  1646 ;  assistant  to  Common- 
aqr-gooeral ;  judge  of  assize,  1656  :  boron  of 
(S7 :  transforrad  to  upper  bench,  1660. 

[xxvi.  409] 
n  BOWLAND  (14927-1661),  lord  mayor  of 
izden  of  Mercers'  Company,  1636,  and  foiur 
r;  iherlff,  1641 ;  knighted  ;  alderman.  Castle 
•i,  1612,  and  Walbrook,1646 ;  first  protestant 
IM9-60;  a  commissioner  a^inst  heretics, 
Hodnet  and  Stoke  churches,  Shropshire; 
tool  at  Draytmi  and  exhibitions  to  univer- 

[xxvL  410] 

OWLAKD  (1744-1833),  preacher ;  brother  of 
^  [Q*  ▼•] :  educated  at  Shrewsbury,  Eton, 
I'l  College,  Cambridge ;  B. A.,  1769 ;  was  re- 
B  Olden  owing  to  his  itinerant  preaching ; 
'<»ched  in  Surrey  Chapel,  Lcxodou,  where  he 

Kbools ;   published  hymns,  *  Village  Dia- 
uid  a  tract  in  favour  of  inoculation. 

Cxxvi.  411] 
3WLAND,  first  Viscount  Hill  (1772-1842X 
Pbew  of  Rowland  HiU  (1744-1833)  [q.  v.] ; 
tiasborg  military  schod  while  subedtem; 
I  at  Toulon,  1793 :  lieutenant-colonel,  90th 
n's  regiment),  1794;   brevet-colonel,   1800; 

regiment  in  Egypt,  1801  (wounded  at 
d  in  Ireland,  establishing  regimental  school 
*'  mess ;  major-genoral,  1806 ;  commanded 
Raoover,  and  at  Roli^  and  Oorufia;  led 
on  at  Talavera,  1809 ;  invalided  after  cam- 
;  resumed  command,  May  1811,  and  defeated 
tida  (October  1811) ;  lieutenant-general  and 
tormed  Almaraz  Ofay) ;  commanded  right 
1818 :  blockaded  Bampeluna ;  distinguished 
i  tbe  Nive,  1813 ;  won  victories  of  Bayonne 
I  and  Toulouse  (10, 11  April,  1814) ;  created 
ikd  given  pension  of  2,000/.,  and  the  free- 
city  of  London.  1814 ;  sent  on  mission  to 
Qge,  1816 :  given  oonunand  of  army  corps  in 
ded  Adam's  brigade  at  Waterloo  before  the 
tl6 ;  second  in  command  of  army  of  occupa- 
x,  1816-18 ;  general,  1826 ;  commander-in- 
md,  1826-39  ;  created  viscount,  1842. 

Cxxvi.  411] 
a   BOWLAND    (1796-1879),    inventor    of 
e ;  son  of  Thomas  Wright  Hill  [q.   v.] ; 


educated  in  his  father's  school  at  Hill  Top,  Birmingham, 
where  he  afterwards  taught ;  established  school  on  his 
own  plan  and  self-disciplined  at  Hazelwood  (afterwards 
removed  to  Bruce  Castle,  TottenhamX  as  described  in  the 
*  Public  Education '  (1822)  of  his  brother,  Matthew  Daven- 
port Hill  [q.  v.] ;  invented  rotatory  printing-press  and 
other  nuichines ;  secretary  to  South  Australbui  conmiia- 
sion,  1836 ;  submitted  to  Lord  Melbourne  his  *  Post  Office 
Reform :  its  Importance  and  Practicability,*  1887  ;  de- 
scribed his  invention  of  adhesive  stamp  before  commission, 
1837 ;  obtained  parliammtaxy  committee  whioh  recom- 
mended twopenny  postage,  1838;  secured  adoption  of 
penny  postage  in  budget  of  1839 ;  was  given  app<^tmeut 
in  the  post  office ;  his  scheme  of  penny  postage  estabUsbed, 
1840 ;  dismissed  from  post  office,  1842 ;  as  chairman  of 
Brighton  railway,  1843-6,  introduced  express  and  excur- 
sion trains ;  received  public  testimouial,  1846 ;  secretary 
to  postmaster-general,  1846 ;  as  secretary  to  the  post  office, 
1864-64,  established  promotion  by  merit ;  F.R.S.,  1867 ; 
K.C.B.,  1860 ;  D.C.L.  of  Oxford,  1864 ;  received  freedom  of 
the  city  of  London,  1879 ;  as  member  of  railway  commis- 
sion published  separate  report  (1867)  recommending  state 
purchase  and  working  by  companies  holding  leases  ; 
buried  in  Westminster  Abbey.  [xxvL  416] 

HILL,  ROWLEY  (1886-1887X  bishop  of  Sodor  and 
Man  :  of  Christ's  Hospital  and  Trinity  College,  Cam- 
bridge ;  M.A.,  1863 :  D.D.,  1877 ;  vicar  of  St.  Michael's, 
Chester  Square,  London,  1871,  of  Sheffield,  1873 ;  bishop 
of  Sodor  and  Man,  1877-87.  [xxvi.  420] 

HILL,  SAMUEL  (1648-1716),  archdeacon  of  Wells ; 
B.A.  St.  Mary  Hall,  Oxford,  1666  ;  rector  of  Kilmington, 
1687;  archdeacon  of  Wells,  1706-16;  published  cou- 
trovnrsial  works  against  Bishop  Burnet  and  the  non- 
jurors. [xxvL  421] 

HILL,  Sir  STEPHEN  JOHN  (1809-1891),  colonial 
governor  ;  entered  army,  1823  ;  captain,  1842  ;  served  in 
West  Africa  ;  brevet  major,  1849  ;  governor  and  com- 
mander-in-chief of  Gold  Coast,  1861 ;  lieutenant-governor 
of  Sierra  Leone,  1864,  and  govemor-in-chief,  1860-2; 
govemor-in-chief  of  Leeward  and  Caribbee  islands,  1863- 
1869,  and  of  Newfoundland,  1869-76;  colonel  of  West 
India  regiment,  1864  ;  K.C.M.G.,  1874.      [Soppl.  iL  422] 

HILL,  THOMAS  (Jt.  1690),  compiler  and  translator 
of  horticultural  and  astrological  works.         [xxvL  422] 

HILL,  alias  Buckland,  THOMAS  (1664-1644), 
Benedictine  ;  ordained  at  Rome,  1694,  where  he  opposed 
tbe  Jesuits ;  sent  on  English  mission,  1697  ;  condemned  to 
death,  1612 ;  reprieved :  banished,  1613  ;  published  *  A 
Quartron  of  Reasons  of  Catholike  Religion  *  (1600) :  died  at 
St.  Gregory's  monastery,  Douay.  [xxvi.  422] 


THOMAS  id.  1663),  master  of  Trinity 
College,  Cambridge:  scholar  and  fellow  of  Emmanuel 
College,  Cambridgie;  M.A.,  1626;  B.D.,  1633;  original 
member  of  WestmlnBter  Assembly  of  IK  vines,  1643 ;  master 
of  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  1646-68  ;  vice-chancellor  of 
Cambridge,  1646 ;  Calvinist.  [xxvi.  423] 

HILL,  THOMAS  (1628  9-1677  7),  nonconformist 
minister ;  B.A.  Corpus  Christi  (college,  Cambridge ;  pres- 
byterian  pastor  at  Orton,  Leicestershire,  1668-60;  per- 
petual curate  of  Shuttington,  1660-6.  [xxvi.  423] 

HILL,  THOMAS  (d.  1720),  nonconformist  tutor; 
son  of  Thomas  Hill  (1628  7-1677  ?).  [xxvL  424] 

HILL,  THOMAS  (1661-1734),  portrait-painter. 

[xxvi.  424] 

HELL,  THOMAS  (1760-1840),  book-collector;  patron 
of  Bloomfield  and  Kirke  White  ;  entertahied  literary  and 
theatrical  celebrities  at  Sydenham ;  the  *  Hull '  of  Hook's 
'  Gilbert  Gum^  * ;  his  coUection,  the  basis  of  Longmans* 
*  BibUotheca  Anglo-Poetica,'  1816.  [xxvi.  424] 

HILL,  THOMAS  (1808-1866),  topographer;  M.A. 
(Tlare  Hall,  Cambridge,  1832  ;  incumbent  of  Holy  Trinity, 
Queenhithe,  1860-66  ;  author  of  *  History  of  Nunnery  of 
St.  Clare  and  Parish  of  Holy  Trinity,'  1861,  and  »The 
Harmony  of  the  Greek  and  Latin  Languages,'  1841. 

[xxvi.  426] 

HILL,  THOMAS  FORD  (<i.  1796X  antiquary ;  F.S.A.. 
1792;  travelled  on  continent;  collected  'Ancient  Erse 
Songs,*  1784 ;  died  at  Ariaua  [xxvi.  426] 


H  1 1  iTj 


622 


HTN-OKS 


HILL,  Sir  THOMAS  NOEL  (1784-1833X  colonel; 
brother  of  Rowland,  TiBcoont  HIU  [q.  t.]  ;  oommanded 
Portuguese  regiment,  1810-14  ;  lieutenant-colonel,  Ist  foot* 
giiania,  1814 ;  af^sistant  adjutant-general  in  Waterloo 
campaii^ ;  deputy  adjutant-general  in  Canada,  18S7-3U; 
K.C.B.  [xxvi.  425] 

HILL,  THOMAS  WRIGHT  (1 768-1861  >,  school- 
master and  stenographer ;  a  disciple  of  Priestley ;  kept 
Bchool  at  Hill  Top,  Birmingham,  1803-19 :  his  *  Ronaina* 
issued,  1859,  and  *  Selection  from  his  Papers,'  1860 ;  tbqr 
included  his  studies  in  letter-sounds,  systems  of  shorthand 
and  numerical  nomenclature,  and  scheme  of  minority 
representation.  [xxtL  425] 

HILL,  WILLIAM  {fi.  1663X  informer;  of  Merton 
College,  Oxford;  gave  information  of  plot  to  seize 
Charles  II,  1663.  [xxvL  427] 


.,  WILLIAM  (1619-1667),  classical  scholar; 
fellow  of  Merton  College,  Oxford,  1639 ;  M.A^  1641 ;  DJ). 
Dublin :  master  of  Sutton  Coldfleld  school,  1640  ;  after- 
wards of  St.  Patrick's,  Dublin ;  edited  *  Dionysius  Ferie- 
getes,'  1668.  [xxvi.  426] 

HILL,  WILLIAM  NOEL,  third  Baron  Bkrwick 
(d.  1843),  ambassador  at  Naples,  1834-33;  succeeded 
his  brother  in  title,  1832 ;  F.SJL.  [xxvi.  427] 

HILL,  WILLS,  first  Marqxhs  07  Downrhirr  (1718- 
1793),  statesman  ;  MJP.,  W^arwick,  1741-56 ;  succeeded  as 
second  Viscount  Hillsborough  (Irdand),  1742;  privy 
oonnoillor  of  Ireland,  1746;  created  Irish  earl,  1751; 
comptroller  and  treasurer  to  Gtoorgo  n,  1754-6 ;  created 
Baron  Harwich  (peerage  of  Great  Britain),  1756 ;  presi- 
dent of  board  of  trade  and  plantations,  1763-5,  and  1766 ; 
joint  postmaster-general,  1766-8 ;  as  secretary  of  state  for 
colonies,  1768-73,  and  for  northern  department,  1779-82, 
pursued  harsh  policy  towards  America;  attacked  by 
*  Junius';  created  Irish  marquis,  1789;  recommended 
union  with  Ireland.  [xxvL  427] 

HTLL-TBEYOB,  ARTHUR,  third  Vi8Cou>rr  Dun- 
OAXXON  of  the  second  creation  in  peerage  of  Ireland 
(1798-1863).    [SeeTRKVOR.] 

Hn.LARY,  WILLIAM  (d.  1763),  physician;  M.D. 
Le>'dcn,  1722,  and  pupil  of  Boerhaave ;  praotised  in  Ripon, 
Bath,  Barbados,  uid  London;  pubUshed  *  Observations 
on  Changes  of  the  Air,  and  the  concomitant  Epidemical 
Diseases  in  Barbadoes,'  1759.  [xxvi.  429] 

HILLABY,  Sm  WILLIAM,  first  baronet  (1771-1847), 
founder  of  Royal  National  Lifeboat  Institution;  equerry 
to  Duke  of  Sussex ;  raised  First  Essex  Legion  of  infantry 
and  cavalry,  1803 ;  created  baronet^  1805 ;  settled  in  Isle 
of  Man,  1808;  first  proposed  Royal  National  Lifeboat 
Institution,  1823,  and  became  president  of  district  associa- 
tion in  Isle  of  Man  ;  proposed  schemes  for  public  benefit 
in  various  pamphlets.  [SuppL  IL  422] 

HILLIABD,  NICHOLAS  (1537-1619),  first  English 
miniature-painter  ;  as  goldsmith,  carver,  and  limner  to 
Elizabeth  engraved  her  second  groat  seal,  1586  ;  granted 
sole  right  to  execute  portraits  of  James  I,  1617 ;  praised 
by  Donne  in  *  The  Storm  * ;  painted  miniature  of  himself 
at  thirteen,  and  drew  portrait  of  Mary  Qiioen  of  Scots  at 
eighteen;  executed  miniatures  of  chief  contemporariea, 
twenty-three  of  which  were  exhibited  at  the  Royal  Aca- 
demy, 1878.  [xxvL  429] 

Knj.IER,,  CHARLES  PARKER  (1838-1880).  [See 
Haroodrt,  Charlis.] 

WTTJ.rKH,  GEORGE  (1815-1866),  topographer :  pub- 
lished works,  including  *  Topography  of  the  Isle  of  Wight,* 
1850,  and  a  guide  to  Reading,  1859.  [xxvL  430] 

HILLS,  HENRY  (d.  1713),  printer  to  Cromwell, 
Charles  II,  and  James  II ;  provision  in  statute  (8  Anne) 
direoUng  that  fine  i)aper  copies  of  all  pnblicatiims 
should  be  sent  to  public  libraries  occasioned  by  his 
piracies.  [xxvi.  431] 

HILLS,  ROBERT  (1769-1844),  water-colour  painter 
and  etcher ;  exhibited  at  Society  of  Painters  in  Water- 
colours,  being  many  years  secretary.  [xxvL  431] 

HILL8B0B0TJQH,  first  Earl  and  second  Viscount 
(1718-1798).    [See  Hilu  Wills.] 

HILLYAB,  Sir  JAMES  (1769-1843),  rear-admiral; 
midshipman  onder  Lord  Hood,  1793 ;  as  lieatenant  under 


Captain  Robert  Stopfoxd  [q.  v.]  present  in  actin  c{ 
i  1  June  1794 ;  commanded  armed  boats  at  BarodoDsssL 
on  Egyptian  coast,  1800-1 ;  oommanded  Niger  cruiKr  m 
Mediterranean,  1800-7 ;  reo<Mnnnended  for  post-rank  br 
Nelson,  1804 ;  assisted  in  redaction  of  Manntins  (IS^O) 
and  Java  (1811) ;  captnred  American  ship  Essex,  I81S; 
ELCH.,  1834 ;  rear-admiral,  1837 ;  E.C.B.,  184a  i 

[XXVL  411]  I 

HILSEY  or  HILDSSLEIGH.  JOHN  (<f.  1638X  bittop 
of  Rochester :  BJ>.  Oxford,  1527,  DJ).,  1532 ;  nrior  d 
Dominican  house  at  Bristol,  1533 ;  appointed  by  Tboni 
Cromwell  provindai  and  commissioiDer  (with  Gtoqi 
Browne  (d.  1556)  [q.  v.])  to  visit  friaries,  1534;  Ustepsf 
Rochester,  1585-8 :  censor  of  pren,  1536 ;  exponl  tb 
Boxley   Rood   and   other    impostares,   1538;    oom|M 

*  Manuall  of  Prayers,  or  the  Prymer  in  Engljihe,*  p^ 
lished,  1539 ;  assisted  in  compiling  *•  Institntiao  of  • 
Christian  Man.*  [xxvi.4»] 

HILTOV,  JOHN  (d,  1657),  musical  composer:  Xai 
Bao.  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  1696  ;  parish  deik  ad 
organist  of  St.  Margaret's,  Westminster.  1628 :  pabliM 
* Ayres,  or  Fa  La*s  for  Three  Voycea,*  1627 ;  wrotodv 
on    William   Lawes,    1645 ;    oontributed  madiigab  M 

*  Triamphs  of  Oriana,*  1601,  and  canons  and  catctes  M 

*  Catch  that  catch  can,*  1652.  [xxvL  43«] 

HILTOH,  JOHN  (1804-1878X  snrgeoo  at  Gay%  Blh 
pital,  1849-70 ;  professor  <tf  hnman  anatooqy  and  tmfOl 
at  College  of  Surgeons,  1860-2;  president,  1867;  Ik 
treatise  *  On  Rest  and  Fftin '  (1863)  a  sorgical  daasie. 

[xxvL4»] 

HILTOV,  WALTER  (d.  1396),  rellgioaa  writs;  As> 
gustinian  canon  at  Thorgarton,  Nottfiighamwhire ;  Ml 
*Scala  Perfectionis'  (English)  printed  by  Wynl^B  d» 
Worde,  1494,  and  Pynson,  1506  (translated  into  Lstinlr 
Thomas  f^rslawe  and  edited  by  Robert  Gay,  18B9,  nl 
John  Dobree  Dalgaims,  1870).  [xxvL  4SI] 

HILTOV,  WILLIAM  (1786-1839X  historical  psinttr; 
exhibited  at  Royal  Academy  from  1803 ;  R.A..  1818.  sal 
keeper,  1827  ;  his  works  exhibited  at  British  lastitotiai. 
1840 ;  his  *  Christ  Crowned  with  Thorns  *  porchssed  fm 
Chsjitrey  bequest.  His  paintings  include  *Sdith  disoof» 
ing  dead  body  of  Harold,*  1834,  and '  Sir  Catepineresenat 
Serena,*  1881.  ["^^1 

HIHOHIHBBOKS,  first  yiscou!rr(1625-1672)i  [Sn 
MoNTAOU,  Sib  Edward.] 

HIHOHLIFF,  JOHN  ELLEY  (1777-1867),  scolptor: 
assistant  to  Flaxman,  for  whom  be  flniabsd  statoai  e( 
Hastings  and  John  Philip  KemUe ;  chiefly  knotrn  for 
mural  tablets  and  sepulchral  monuments.     [xxvL  437] 

HIVOHLIFF,  JOHN  JAMES  (1805-1875Xensnver; 
son  of  John  Elley  HinchlifC  [q.  r.]  [xxvL  437] 

HINOHUFF,   THOMAS    WOODBINE  OS»-Uin 

E resident  of  Alpine  Club ;  M  JL  Trini^  Ocdlege,  Csa* 
ridge,  1852 ;  barrister,  Linooln*s  Inn ;  took  part  ■ 
founding  Alpine  Club,  1857,  and  was  first  hooonry  seen- 
taryand  president,  1874-7;  published  books  reUtingli 
his  travels.  [Supi^  IL  49] 


HIK0HLIF7E,  JOHN  (1731-1794>.  bishop  of  Vm- 
borough :  educated  at  Westminster,  where  he  wasasskuMp 
master  seven  years  and  ^1764)  head  for  three  moBthi: 
scholar  of  Trinity,  Cambridge,  1751 ;  fellow,  1755;  msM; 
,  1768-88 ;  M.A.,  1757 ;  DJ).,  1764 ;  vioe-chanedlor,  ITtt; 
bishop  of  Peterboroogh,  1769-84 ;  offended  govermaat 
by  liberal  speeches  in  Hoose  of  Lords,  and  was  made  dot 
of  Durham  (1788)  on  condition  of  resigning  the  wM/m 
ship  of  Trinity  CoUegei  [xzvL  4S7] 

HIHOKLEY,  JOHN  (1617  ?-1605),  oootrovsnisBit: 
MA.  St.  Alban  Hall,  Oxford,  1640 ;  DJX,  1679 ;  rector  d 
Northfidd,  Woroestershiie,  1661-85 ;  prebendaiyof  Ucb- 
Add,  1673;  published,  among  other  works,  'Fasdflflbi 
Literarum*  (1680),  containing  oontroveisy  with  Bsitir 

[xxvL4»J^ 

HIHGXS,  EDWARD  (179S>1866X  orientalist;  M  d 
Thomas  Dix  Hlnoks  [q.  v.] ;  gold  medallist  and  BJ. 
Trinity  Ck>llege,  Dublin,  1811 :  rector  of  ElUyleagh.  US- 
1866 ;  acoordhig  to  Bmgsch  first  employed  troe  mstbodif 
deciphering  Egyptian  hieroglyphics ;  simnltaneouiljwitt 
Bawlinson  discovered  Persian  cuneiform  vowdiTstm: 
contributed  to  *  Transactions '  of  Royal  Irish  Aoadatf' 

txxrilSl 


i 


H  1  PFrHT.TRV 


OhuMu     BtRM.a 


Sib  FRANOig  (iaa7-i«ux 
ilberot  Edwud  HlDcki  [a.  T.] :  onlcntcd 
-3]  ;  jcAnel  llbentla^  1317;  ent^nid  i»ril»- 
ipKtor-^mml  df  pabllc  atxoaau  Id  Ant 
uiDt  mLDinTj.  ISU-l :  eUrUd  ■  Montml 
InAjKctor-KQuvrml  In  Beooii'l  BaMwlD 
-11 :  u  pronler,  lUl'4,deTeIoped  auudiu 
«niiKnd»l  njitm.  negtotiBlol  reclpriKieT 
iltadStaMud  pUMd  Pirliunentan  lt» 
pt;  eorerDorof  Butjodos  fmd  WindwHrd 
of  BriUita  Gotuw,  lse«-V  l  K.O.U.O..  leu ; 
■r.  1860-73 :  wnta  on  Ouudiui  poUtlog. 

THOUAB     (IBie-lSnt,    uiJogittl     fi.A. 

pDbUibpd-UIHoi;  erf  Br<- 
<,  ami  'Hittor;  of  Brltl^ 
[SuppL  11.  434] 


Zowhjti 


a  ol  Belfut  Academical  Intlitutlon  Hod 

1  uUclH  to  I^'i  <  Cyclotindli ' :  wroti 
uiiub.  [iitLMI] 

WlLLIAMdlM-ISriiptofeMrcHnBWrBl 
cn'i  CoUore.  Oork,  M»-U.  iDd  Uninnlt) 
iio,  lUS-Il :   aon  of  Tbomu  Dli  HlDoki 

lSIBS  (d.  I»SX  njmlUt  and  hlgtinrDutn 
;  KTTed  qiider  Oimoode  \a  iTclaod,  1643 


DHN  {1)M-IH«),  DuUHmBticlui :  Hcood 
Smilli'B  primnBn,  181B ;  M.A.  Stdmr  8ui«i 
iiUn.  1B>1 :  feUcvr,  I8H-t :  pabliibed  worta 

)HH  RUSSBLL  (leSS-IBM).  utrommiFr ; 
^c  Hod  meteorologlcBl  dFpHrtnwotot  hoyal 

Drgc  Bilbop  [q  lOln  K(«nit'i  Park,  1U4- 
leodfil '  NaaUal  Almuuck,'  1BA3-91 ;  mem- 
'    -  '  si  Bocietf.  1844,  pmldcnl,  18SD- 


[Snp 


1L4J4] 


viLLIAM  (1M9  ?-ien),  pi 
nboTT.  Clwaliin^  l«al-19  : 
'iabtbtet  iDBtnicCioDt,'  Ittl 


It  Koyernor  of  Soutli  AustM- 
roor  of  HIdlcolud.  MO-iS  : 

t..Tli.  1] 


EDIIM,  SAVTTEL  (17»}-1S79).  biahop  of  Nonrlch : 
M.A.  QBBml  Oolteire,  O.fonl,  iBia  :  D.B,  1B»  :  pr!n- 
o1p«l  ot  OodTlngtoa  OoUwe,  B«rb«doi;  rtre-prlndpil  o( 
Bi.  Alb.B  Hall,  O.ford.  1S17-B1 :  cbapLiln  to  ArchbUliop 

'Inquiry  Into    P^oclt^  Sm,,  of   Intplrallon  and  toto   Uk 
ADttaoiltyof  Surtptnrc.'  IHSl,  aodotbti  works. 

[lITll.  3] 

r  GBOBOB    (IHll-IBM).  landKspr- 
it  Brighton  ;  I      ■   " 


la  i,  Cnimw^  and  Gliarlea  IL 

[aiiU.  *] 
.  .      ,     THOMAS  (lTlS-1837),   phjllclill :   of 
OoUan,  CaDibrldse ;   M.D.    BdlnburKh.   18t«  ; 

Hotu  CordU'  (1824),  and  oonUibutsl  to  D.  OUbat's 
■ParechlnlHWoiTof  Oornirall.'  [mil.  4] 

KUITOM,  JAUB8  {18n-ieif).  nrgmn  and  ptdls- 
•ophLcsl  writer  ;  ion  of  John  Howard  Hfnloa  [q.  t.J  ; 
madfl  TOyagea  lo  CblDA,  BlAm  Lcdih,  and  JamalcA  njt 
tDGdlulofflcATL  pT«Dtii«d«B  annl  ■aifnoDlDLandoaiUtd 
became  acqualnlol  with  Dr.  (Sir  WUUani  Witheji)  Qull 
[q.  >.] :  CDctribntad  to  Holmo^  'Byrtem  of  Sorger;.' 
taai:  edlUd-Y«i^Boi>kotH(dlelne,'lSU,andpiibUibEd 
■oral  (UDiiasnpbi :  piibliihcd  ■  Urtterr  of  Palii,*  1866. 
and  joined  KetaphTilaal  Boolety ;  died  In  tlK  Asrrnt. 
Hlnlon-a  'Ohaplen  on  the  Art  of  Thinking  and  other 
Evaye.'  were  prlnled,  IBTt,  'PhUcmiphy  and  Religion.' 
1881.  ■  The  I^wbmkD  ui  the  Ooiidug  of  tbe  Law,' 
'*»*■  [«vli.4] 

HIFTOK,  sm  JOHN  (1601  ?-le8n,  nrallaC  pbyridan : 
rtodledaC  Leyden;  prsMnt  at  BdR^ill,  164«;  X.D.  Ox- 


D  during  (Common wHJtb ;  pLjoidan 


LTE  Chapel.  BiitaopiigaU.  11 


.  -  .-„ - — ., —  -.   — n  Hlppliley 

(d.  1748)  [q.  T.J  lxxA.»] 

HIPPISLXT.  JANB,  aCterwardi  MnB.  Otuan  id. 
11),  actm:  iliter  of  B.  HippUlij'  Iq.r.];  Oarrlck'i 
bell*  at  OondmaD'a  Fieldi;   origliial  lirr.  HaUprop, 


mpPIBLXY,  JOHN  (d.  lJ4SXi«to 
owned  ttKatrea  at  Briitol  and  Bitb  : 
?leldi,    17W-SS,   played   I" 


her  Teei 

"(1731Xaod'DniiikHiMan'(irs9).    [iiriLa] 
HIPPIBLET.  JOHN   (d.    I767X  actor  and    author; 

Sibabiy  goTonor  of  Oape  Coast  Oaatle ;   eon  of  John 
pplsloy  (d.  UiS)  tq.  I.]  [livil.  9] 

HIFPISLXY.  Snt  JOHN  COXS,  llrtt  baionet  ( 1748' 
laU),  politlaiu  :  D.C.L.  Bntfoid  CoUega,  Oifoid.  1776 1 
harriilar,  Innar  Temple.  1771 ;  IreMnret,  1818 ;  ■«eDt  o( 
Siltlab  goTemment  'n  Italy,  lI7»-80  and  1791-6  ;  em- 
ployid  by  Eaat  India  ConMny,  1784-11 :  DfROIUted  mai-- 
rlagsol  Prioooa  Royal  with  Dnka  ol  WUnaobets,  and 


HniAETHOO 


TIA  i   UibDp  of  Piifr. 

, —     ■giliHt  PHnrt]*!  i^ 

the  NoDJiiroTi,'  1710,  uid  laibOD  on  '!<iliit 
or  Obnrchof  Obri«t.'mT.m        " 

■RepiT  to  P 

.   .,      .....COfitrlbQUo    .        ...        

_  BriUnidcDi'kttiokadAllatniiTlii  ■LoadooJiBBi,' 
1711:  bKhopofa«UataDrr,  im-H;  pobUilMd  I«NtM 
an  fotcicn  kfbln.  IfU,  tafUmtw  on  Ufa  udlTi* 

tagiot  Dr.  BuDnd  OlDrke.' ITSt ;  ^■-" ■ —- — 

'"'  "  ;  WAterlandttrsUROfilJiajiaGiiuinEiBaiHaq 

■'-  ■ 'if  tlwKstonuHl  Knd  ot  (he  8in» 

ited  repaal  d(  CoijHrUlon  «d  TM 
._   ...     .:...  —  daidJ  HFlIt 
iswiib  [ixTtLm 

HOASLT,  JOHN  (lBJ8-lTlB1,BrcliW.hop  Ri 
"  '"         '   AtnuLgh;   bnrthcr  of  BeDiKio' 
T.] :    BA.  OUuLTiue  H^  C 


HTTOEOOOE,  BIOHARD  (18»-I8MX  Irl<h  •rchm.- 
BTtVEOOOX,     ROBERT    (A    IBSO-lSBl).     mllllarj 


risw  ol  Uie  Iriib  SI 

[XlTlL  11] 
rORTBBOUB  (tTS1-1flU),£lDn>lgb  )»«t 
oa  of  HalKhj  Hltcblm  [q.  r.] 


HOAS,  LEONARD  (lelOr-lSTB),  pi 
rd  CoUcRe:  anl^ntal  to  Anwrlo  u 
irnrd,  lew :  nturnsl  to  SnglMni.  le 


■d'-'lnrtei'  Si 


._     H«rT»rf;   KJ).      ; 

)r«lilnit  of  UuTud  Coll^a.  lOU:     I 
(IMS)  ud  ■«!»  Cmali™ 


HOAKS,    SAMUEL  fUM-lMBX  dlTln:   lLA.it. 


Ptiil'>.I«5):  publialud  tbMhi«1«l  woTb. 

ROARB,  OHARLES  lAUBS  (17«l-IflV).  iriMwiia 
at  Barm  ;  Momd  wnuigler  mid  &mltit*i  primuik  9t 
Jobn-i  Collegr.  Ounbridgc  imi;   fttlow,   IW;  lU. 


wich  nnder  S»vllto  HMkelyne  [q.  i.] ;  »iMr  of 
ud  Owlntar.  OotnwiU :  Teri£ed  cutcnlitloiiB  t 


HOASLY,  6BNJAUIN  (170<-irsT).ph7ilclui :  ton  of 
~     .      ,_    n__j.,    (ia76_i7sl)   [q.  v.]:    M.D.   OorjMii 


U  Oollogn  Olmbridgfc  1718 : 1 


pnbllilwd  nligioiu  irockL  [iiriLH) 

HOAKE,  OLBUBNT  (I78»-IH»>,  tUk^tikht  ■! 
BOISE,  MIOHAIU.  Of.  1711).  [Sat  Burron 
HOABS,  PRDIOB(iru-IBM),ar 

17S1-0;  Duvtfl  hofl.  fond^  mnt..,        .    . 
pabllflhcd '  Acadpmic  ODmflpoiiden«,*  IWl.  uid  '.-^ —    -^^ 
Anuli  ol  PminHni!.'  ISM :  bat  known  d  hii  pl^L J^.q 
Song,  No  8Dpp« '  (Drnr;  Idu,  17MX  [urt.*^ 


HOBHOUBS 


IB  RICHARD  (laiS-17IH),  lord  nuvor  dI 

I;  >LuTiir  o(  LoDdoD.  m»;  lory  H.1-.  r« 
IS :  muift  of  OoldinlUu'  Compmij',  IJll : 

It.  [sini.  «i 

;iH  BLCHAHD  (d,  17M),  lonl  msyor  0* 
»lioa  or  Sir  RIebard  Himre  (1UH.171S) 
(I  of  bia  ilicWmllj  (1741)  prliiled  bj  air 

m  RICHARD  COLT.  namdlwHiDetcntS- 
n  of  wnuhire :  giwid>an  of  Kir  KIcliicd 
M>  [q.  c.l:  pubUitaBd  worki.  [iidiidluif 
■lem  Wllubin.'  IS99--M,  >  Ancicut  Hlnnrj 

)I),Sbi  Oani  IMs  mnd  BInlyimax  a 


.  WILLIAM  (iruT?-179S),  porlnHl-i 


■igiBMt  KSteDlciui,  ITM :  iihlbUsl  tl 
mv  ;  paiijt«d  porcnltd  of  CbKtbuni,  Be*u  Ka<h, 
cnculol  hIhi  >  wbnlc  lengtb  of  QnFUin.  and 
^taalertdd  mud  Pop*.  C'^'ll'  IX] 

.  WILLIAM  HENRY  (ImW-188e).  divine: 
.Jolll]'>CaUe«^Camb^ld^  1HS3  ;  M.A.,  I8S4  ; 
I  Qdnuo  coDDDTsn; :  pahlliibsl  'Outlloci  ol 
■I  Hillary  bFlDn:  tbe  Itrfonniitlan,'  ISBI. 

T.  QBORCIB,  Ihlni  K.iRt.  or  HL'oicisuBiii- 

HDbiw.y.  ilia:  Hooe^  u  ihlrd  mrl,  17M: 
(be  opt™.  [..rttajj 

-T,  Sir  HBXRT.  Bnt  b>rD0rt(d.  lIM).)adee  : 

■m  Df  Sir  Jama  fioborl  [q.  r.] :  burliWr. 

in.  ISM,  gotwnor.  ISDl :  M.P.,  St.  lyrm.  1688. 
U97  ml  l«ai.  Norwicb,  leol-lU  ;  MrjwiC- 

S:   >iomiey-gMMT™l,  iaua-l>;    spp™™!  (or 

I  olponunon  plHu,  isi)-il:  olmnmUiir  to 
u1e«,  iei7:  aai^ceMrcilly  opuHdd  Cuke  lu 
%  1S19 :  bit  n^rB  publiibB),  1«41. 

[.ITll,  M] 

T,  Sir  JAUES  <ef.  1M7),  ■ttaniey-mnenl, 
o{  Llnmlu'a  loa;  kuighloJ.  UM  :  (rtmrt  d( 
1.  [«vtl.ll] 

T,  JOHN,  dnC  Bahl  or  lJiiCKi:ii)atHBiiTRB 
•  i,  polltleiui;  ol  Clan  Hmll,  □nmbiidn :  M.P^ 
.&«Dd  lTn-T.Norfolk.l737-S:AoainmlH(oiKr 


Deuam  fur  nllef  of  BonuuiMi  itai  <)i>- 

[1..IL3S1 
R  UILG3  (d.  1«3t),  polltii^ii :  knifihtal. 


ri  Mbd  Ajirj*sb :  4l 
'M-8;  u  chief  sHr 
t  putf :  BnElltb  pi 
I  aadiu,  17»1-B,  n 


g[  LuinMrr,  ISUS  uil  IHU', 
UmivUlc,  1«t>7:  prnidoiC  ol 
:  kllKd  by  (u  KHTldciiC  wbUe 

HOBAKT,  TERE  HENRY.  BinoN  HoSiBT  <1SIB- 
187Il.govFniorol  MiJm^:  iiJk.  Trinity  OiiIl(|n,OiranI. 
Itl«J :   clerk  In  boonj  D[  tnule.  lUU-Gl  :   reponal  ou 

Ridk;  gDVETnar  of  lIulnE.  ]87}-l.  when  he  dlBl  ol 
typlioid;  bU - Euayi und  UlioeUaueoai  Wniln^i*  allud 
t^  Lady  Hotwt.  miu.  [xiTll.  Ml 

HOBAET-EAKPDES,     AOODSTDH      CHARLES, 


■-1IM),   TlH-tdmlnl: 


■HkeUhnDlUy  UFe'  Uiui^L  1IM7.  [iiiU.  36) 

BOBBEfl,  ROBBRT(il.  li3B).lut  ibboC  o(  Wobnm, 

H0BBE8,  THOUAS  (ItW-ieiB).  phllmphET :  slo- 
cslol  %l  UaliDoabury mpa  MugOitlcn  Hall.OifoRl:  B.A., 
tOM:  twanlyyeHnutoruidiHiniUnto  wmiwnCiiini- 
diflh  [q^  T,].HrterwHrdiKcoiidBarlof  DeroDiLlr^feDdhli 
ion  :  lili  IiuiuliiCloD  ol  ThocJdldM  paUUmlied.  leW;  kt 
I'arU  witb  Bt[  Gemn  CUIUtnl  ion,  ]«W-ai:  TlilUnc 
lulj  and  Psrii,  ieJ4.  met  Oilllto,  auanidl,  and  U«v 


I'LcilithBU'llttlXuil 


3"^* 


<  of  bi>  nllgioo 


pbi1»opbj.  and  witb  S«tb  Waid  [q,  t.].  Boyle,  and  John 
Wallii  <l«ia-l7U9)  [q.  t.].  on  mallieinaUial  quaRlona.  tbi 

fromCharlci  II.  aud  wai  pro(«ct«l  by  bira  agalntt  CIhrd- 
doo  snd  the  □honli  party :  hli  ■  fielKmotli '  auppriwri ; 
Itfl  Lmdon.  167A;  wrou  aiitoblo^Taphy  lu  Latiu  rate 
at  riglity-fuir  and  cdidpletAl  truulaUoD  ol  Ucuncr  at 
elglity<ili :  burlel  in  Boiilt  UacbiaU  abunh.  In  matk- 
pbyalis  a  tfaorDUKbiioIng  nomloaUM:  lill  pollticaJ  pbllo- 
»pby  (cblefly  in  '  Lcrlatbau'),  arKnlntf  that  tbe  body 
pDim<:  ha<  l»en  fDrnwl  H  the  only  altcnutUn' to  aoatanl 
itatc  of  war.  vru  attacked  by  Blr  Robert  FUmer  [q.  i.l. 
bat  moit^onffi  wItb  Twaxt  1u  Harrlngton'i '  Oceana.'    It 

TlTod  In  England  by  the  oCUItarlani.  Tbo  oUef  critici  o< 
hli  mriapbytical  and  ethical  writings  were  Olarrndoa, 
TenlHon.  the  Cambrtdn  Platoulita,  and  Bajnnel  Llarke. 
The  nandord  tdltlan  of  hi>  work*  1>  ttet  of  »r  W.  1IdI»- 

tlonol.  ■  Dt  d" '  HHJ :  BpglUb. !«»'[).  •  Hnman  Natur*' 
(let'U>,  'De  Corpon'  PoUlico'  (originally  'Bleuentii  ot 
Laur'xlasu, 'De  Houilne'  (W9),  'Qmifrntoro  Cirenll,' 


IBM). 

HOBDAY, 

trait  painter : 


'.  Fenliiuial  lUunli 


[>i 


1.37] 


HOBHOCBE,  Sir  BENJAMIN,  Bnt  baronet 
laai ),  politician :  U.A.  Uraxeuose  I'oUetre,  Unfotd 
InrrUtcr,  MUlillc  Tcmnle,  IJBli  M.P..  BlMcliinple 


HOBHOUBE 

HOBHOTBI,  nSNRY(17Tg-18M).M 


,1 


I" 


HOBHOUflE.  JORN  CAU,  B*iui;(  BnocamiiM  ni 
nrpronii  (1;M-1M9}.  itttamMD  :  kd  or  filr  BeniBtoln 
HohhouH  [<i.  T.I ;  of  Wntmliutcr  ud  Trinltf  CMIegc 
CninbrlilgEiTOnHiilmnprltf.img;  H.A^lgll ;  tomded 
rmnhTMin  Whig  Club;  InTdled  wltb  Brnii  Id  Bpalu. 
Portoitil.  Otwt^  ind  TnrW ;  wnxc,  (rem  jiinienil  ob- 
■wmtlon,  BoninarUtt  uvonaC  at  thu  'Hunilnd  San.- 
IHie;  vLiltHlBlIwi  In 


l»«l;dtadiiir«ri»,     . 

[KTit  »1 
HOOOLXTX  or  OOOLETZ,  THOVAS  (liruMtton 

C;  '.clerk  in  privj  kiiI  oAlcr  ;   grmntfd  iniuill]  If 
rv    rV^     nnrtrmlt    nf    GhBOCCr    COfJUllUd    JD    tu 'ft 

FTlttcn  e.  Ult-1*  (BDrllri>).<dM 
0:  hLi'Ilotber  of  Ood'  lad  -la 


^  vJTiKil  detraction 


I  '(IBM),  ind  -RmoIIh- 


u  lUBl  [n  Htdlolnc 


ittrbntid  to  Clwic 

HODOXB.  JAHBS  Of.  IHl).  aritbiiwUciu:  mH 

'  Dfrlmiil  ArithmrtLct'  IftBS.  [iiTlLK] 

aoDDsmcui.    hir    chrietophbb  iiiM-inik 

tDuterofURTbftDUi  Admhinn'Ocnupuiy;  ncocnpuriii 
KlcUud  Chinorilor  [q.  M  •»  «9*««  toBam^U:  imid 
Eimllib  (utorr  at  KoBov.  IMr-M :  Hit  to  dn4t 
Bwllih  tndB  lu  IWUc.  1M7 ;  cbM  gl  gatfUij  ^^* 

ihsrlff  ot  Bollordiblre,  1_.       

TmUnn-CDmpanTlHfonltOO;  knlEhtad.  lUL 

[Sappt-  <■■  **] 

HDSDXBDOB,    JOHN   (jf.    1»H),  rriitioip  «*!■: 

trlFint  of  Drjdm  ^  pnbllabtd  '  Slon  %nil  I^tnuiai,'  M 

inl  blognpblail  arin[illit4oD  on  Sir  Tbomu  Xcn.  IMt 

r<«H.in 

HODQI.  ARTHDR  <d.  1811),  Vat  Indlu  plutB; 
ciKnlfd  tor  niulng  distb  or  n^rov  so  bh  MUt  ■ 
Tortoli.  [iiTtL  B] 

HODOEI,  CHABLES  HOWARD  (lJtt-Ka\mim' 
tIqtr«iimTer  viA  poTtTmit-piilQtn' :    tu^nrcd  pi  ■   *■■ 

titer  Refold*.  Romuy,  C.O.atu>R.u' 

inbjvct-plctr ** ' ' 


OBmbAlKr 


RICHMOND  (IIM-IKD, 
,  onmUllit :  mlnlonirr  to  Jxwi  tu  PikxtlK  ud  Alfsk: 
ualitcd  0»QR  smlcb  (1 840-1  §T«)  [q.  I.]  Id  fliattltn  B 
Bnrch«.  Hid  Uoteb  wltb  'P&rmirnpa  BlUe';  cdM 
Giaik'i  ■  Princlpli  Hibnlok'  IMS,  OaiT'i '  Anctnc  rof 
menu,- 187«.  and  nrliel  Mlckk*!  ■  LiDladmi,'  IBTI. 

:  HODOZB,  KATSANIEL  (im-l(MX 'pknMa: 
Hholar  of  Watmloner  and  Trlultf  OoOttt,  Cubrita: 
nndenl  oT  Obriit  Obnrcb.  Oirort  ;   M.A,  ItH:  MJI. 

I  \en:  Biisndfflpiitlcnta  tbnHighout  i^icucof  IMi;  r* 


often  mtrrUlind  Ji 
,-.1  [q.  v.] ;  tnnnUtcd 


OHllicipcdlUon.ItM 
Hlggonn  [q. 


;  publltbi 


:  (IBM-lgTB),  niitiinl  kh 
ij:  M.P,  UrsC  M.riow, 


HOBT.  Sir  PHILIP  (IHe-IUS),  diplomat 
knIghlidiiftn'oiptiiTr  o(  Baoloanc.  IB4t:  nmNiaudc 
tbe  Kmpnor  OharUa  V,  IIU;  tratad  for  marringc  ol 


.  aODOSa,  WILLIAM  (17M-1TW). ! 

A     eihlblttd  It  SocMr  of  Art4iM,  17U-ri :  druvMnMH 

.     CipUlo  Oookl  HOODd  (iiMdltlocu  iril-l;  nUMI^tf 

'     Awtemy  tIcw  of  Otihctte.  17TC  :  p^tHl  Ttan  la  b* 

under  patniwiti  or  WMm  HuUn^i.  irn-Hi  pitfrtrf 

..-..-...:     'Trarriiln  ladli,'  17M;  R.A,  ITSS;  TUtad  BL  Mb 

l'_ni»'jW     bai»,  17W.  [iitH.I1] 

HOOOXB.  Sin  WILLIAM  (LBCW-lUa).  ehW-Jiulia 

Oape  of  Qood  Hope;  burlater.  Inner  TvofiM,  W: 

bllehed  irportB  of  commm  pleu,  qneoi'i  badi  en^ 

I  f.nii^  nn  nilwu  liw;  rawnlB  ol  fMt&  IM; 

'-'-  Aot,iHai  kDi^tBi.iBi:dM 


dnfted  Pnblic  H 
jiutioF  Df  CBpe  of 

HOSaKn,    JOHN  (ITM-IBU),  omirnpliUt;  l»    ' 


I" 


BDtoblognpli;  tr 


°%. 


HODaKIN 


627 


HODSON 


Of,  JOHN  (1900>1875X  twrrist«r  and  qaaker; 
I  Hodfrkin  (1766-1845)  [q.  ▼.]  ;  friend  of  John 
:  advocated  register  of  titles ;  assisted  in  pre- 
Eneambered  Eetatei  Act,  1849 ;  visited  qaakers 
Prance,  and  America.  [xxviL  63] 

ZH,  THOMAS  (1798-1866X  physician  ;  brother 
dgUn  (180Q-1876)  [q.  v.] ;  M.D.  Edinburgh, 
or  and  pathologist  at  Gay's  Hoepital,  1885 ; 
liCMidoD  University  senate ;  pabiished  *  ^say 
Education,*  1838,  *  Lectaree  on  Morbid  Ana- 
oas  and  Moooos  Membranes,'  1836,  and  bio- 
orks ;  glandular  disease  named  after  him :  a 
Aborigines  Proteotiou  Society,  1888 ;  died  at 

[xzviL  63] 

nraOV,  EATON  (178»-1861X  writer  on  the 
materials;  made  experiments  resulting  in 
n't  beam,*  and  gave  theoretical  expositions: 
I  royal  medal  for  paper  on  *  Strength  of  Pillars 
a  and  other  Materials,*  1840 :  royal  oommlR- 
pplicatlon  of  iron  to  railways,  1847-9 :  pro- 
jechaninal  engineering  of  University  OoUiege, 
47;  preeidait  of  Manchester  Literary  and 
al  Society,  1848-50:  published  *  Experimental 
on  the  Strength,  eta  of  Cast  Iron,'  1846. 

[xxviL  64] 
nraOV,  GSOROB  OHRISTOPHSB  (1816- 
ondoglBt  and  edocationaUst ;  M.A.  Trinity 
abridge,  184S :  principal  of  Royal  Agricultural 
encester,  of  Diocesan  Training  College,  York ; 
r  of  Louth  grammar  school,  1864-76  :  secretary 
Society ;  made  astronomical  observations  on 

[xxviL  65] 

OH,  BEBNABD  (1745  7-1805),  principal  of 
)Uege,  Oxford ;  captain  of  Westminster,  1764 ; 
Christ  Ohurch,  Oxford :  M.A.,  1771 :  D.O.L., 
apal  of  Hertford  College,  1775-1805 ;  trans- 
on's  Song,  Proverbs,  and  Eoclesiastes. 

[xxviL  66] 
OH,  BRIAN  HOUGHTON  (1800-1894),  Indian 
I  orientalist :  nominated  to  Bengal  writerahip, 
ed  at  Bast  India  Company's  CJoUege,  Hailey- 
\t  college  of  Fort  William ;  assistaut-oommis- 
omaoo,  c  1818-90 :  assistant-resident  at  Kath- 
I>-9,  acting  resident,  1889-31,  and  resident,  1838- 
to  England,  1848,  knit  retomed  to  India  in  pri- 
ty  to  continue  researches:  studied  ethnology  at 
finally  left  India,  1858  ;  F.R^.,  1877:  honorary 
>rd,  1889 :  while  in  India  made  valuable  col- 
original  Sanskrit  and  Tibetan  manuscripts, 
stributed  among  public  libraries.  His  works 
QgU^tions  of  Literature  and  Religion  of  the 
1841,  and  *  Essays  on  Language,  Literature, 
n  of  Nepal  and  Tibet,'  1874.    [SuppL  iL  489] 

OV,  CHRISTOPHER  PEMBERTON  (1881- 
Uer :  vioe-consul  at  Pau,  1851-5,  (3aen,  and  -in 
h-€l:  published  *  RemintBoences  of  Australia,* 
r,*  1849,  and  other  works ;  died  at  Pau. 

[xxviL  66] 
OV,    EDWARD  (1719-1794),  flower-painter; 
>  Associated  Artists  of  Great  Britain. 

[xxviL  66] 
OV,  FRAN(}IS  (1781-1858), provost  of  Eton; 
Oder  Keate;  fellow  of  King's  College,  Cam- 
3,  tutor,  1807 :  M.A.,  1807  ;  B.D.,  1840 ;  arch- 
3erby,  1886 :  provost  of  Eton,  1840-58 ;  friend 
rron ;  translated  Juvenal  (1807)  and  pabiished 
ne.  [xxviL  66] 

Oir.  JAMBS  (1678-1755),  mathematician: 
loyal  School  of  Mathematics,  Christ's  Hospital ; 
t ;  hdped  to  edit  Flamsteed's  *  Atlas  (Toelestis* ; 
Jso  *  Doctrine  of  Fluxions  founded  on  Sir  Isaac 
tethod,'  1786,  and  other  works,      [xxvii.  67] 

OH,  JOETN  (d.  1684),  author  of  *  Memoirs  * 
1806,  with  Sir  Henry  Slingsby's  » Original 
;  served  under  Fairfax  in  Yorkshire ;  taken  by 
at  Bradford,  1643 ;  present  at  sieges  of  Ponte- 
and  1648,  and  battle  of  Preston,  1648 :  described 
anbar,  1650 ;  refused  to  fight  against  Lambert, 

[xxviL  67] 

)0V,  JOHN  (1779-1845),  antiquary:  school- 
SedgefiekL,  Lancbester,  and  other  places ;  in- 
f  Jarrov,  1808,  Kirk  Whelpington,  1883,  and 


Hartbum,  1838 ;  pabiished  part  of  a  lanre  history  of 
Northumberland,  gaide-book  to  Newcastle,  1813, '  Account 
of  the  [colliery j  Explosion  at  Felling,*  1813,  and  other 
works :  assisted  Davy  in  invention  of  safety  lamp ;  built 
Heworth  (^uroh  (consecrated,  1888).  [xxviL  68] 

H0OO80N,  JOHN  (1757-1846),  general :  son  of  Stud- 
holme  Hodgson  [q.  v.] :  served  in  North  America : 
wounded  in  Holland,  1799;  governor  of  Bermuda  and 
CuraQoa :  general,  1830.  [xxvii.  70] 

HOOOSOV.  JOHN  EVAN  (1881-1895),  painter ;  edu- 
cated at  Rugby :  student  at  Royal  Academy,  1853 :  exhi- 
bited at  Royal  Academy  from  1856 ;  RJL.,  1879 ;  librarian 
and  professor  of  painting  at  Royal  Academy,  1888  till 
death ;  published  lectures  and  other  writings. 

[SuppL  iL  438] 

HOOOSOV,  JOHN  STUDHOLME  (1805-1870X  major- 
general  in  Bengal  army :  second  son  of  John  Hodgson 
(1757-1846)  [q.  v.] ;  wounded  at  Sobraon,  1846 :  raised 
and  commanded  1st  Sikh  regiment,  1848-9  :  promoted  for 
capture  of  Ukrot :  organised  Punjab  irregular  force,  1850 ; 
major-general,  1861.  [xxviL  70] 

HOOOSOV,  JOSEPH  (1756-1881),  Roman  oathoUc 
divine ;  when  vice-president  of  Donay  OoUegef  imprisoned 
by  rev(dutioniste :  published  an  account:  vicar-general 
to  bishops  Douglas  and  Poynter  in  England. 

[xxviL  71] 

HOOOSOV,  JOSEPH  (1788-1869),  surgeon :  studied  at 
St.  Bartholomew's  Hospital:  surgeon  to  Birmingham 
Dispensary,  1818-48;  president  of  Medico-C^hiranrical 
Society,  1851,  of  OoUege  of  Surgeons,  1864 :  F.R.S. ;  pub- 
lished treatise  on  diseases  of  arteries  and  veins,  1815. 

[xxvii.  71] 

HOOOSOV,  STUDHOLME (1708-1798), field-marshal; 
aide-de-camp  of  Duke  of  Cumberland  at  Fontenoy,  1745, 
and  Culloden,  1746  ;  raised  royal  West  Kent  regiment  (then 
58ndX  1766 :  commanded  brigade  in  Roohefort  expedition, 
1767 ;  conducted  siege  of  Belleisle,  1761 ;  general,  1778 ; 
field-marshal,  1796.  [xxvU.  78] 

HOOOSOV,  STUDHOLME  JOHN  (d.  1890),  general : 
son  of  John  Hodgson  (1757-1846)  [q.  v.]  ;  commanded 
forces  in  Ceylon  and  Straits  Settlements.       [xxviL  70] 

HOOOSOV,  WILLIAM  (1745-1851),  politician  and 
author  :  imprisoned  and  fined  for  revcdutionary  speech, 
1793 ;  M.D. ;  published  educaUonal  manuals  and  other 
works.  [xxTiL  78] 

HOOOSOV,  WILLIAM  BALLANTYNE  (1815-1880X 
educational  reformer:  studied  at  Edinbui^b;  principal 
of  Liverpool  Mechanics'  Institute,  1844 :  LL.D.  Glasgow, 
1846:  principal  of  Chorlton  High  School,  Manchester, 
1847-61 :  assisted  in  inquiry  into  primary  education,  1858  ; 
leading  member  of  council  of  University  College,  London ; 
first  professor  of  political  economy  and  mercantile  law  at 
Edinburgh,  1871-80 :  president  of  Educational  Institute  of 
Scotland,  1876  ;  published,  among  other  works,  *  Turgot ' 
(1870),  and  lectures  and  treatises  on  girls*  education  and 
the  study  of  economic  science:  joint-editor  of  William 
Johnson  Fox's  works ;  died  at  Brussels.  [xxvii.  73] 

H0080V,  FR0D8HAM  (1770-1883),  principal  of 
Brasenose  College,  Oxford :  M.A.  Brasenoee  College,  Ox- 
ford, 1798 ;  D.D.,  1809  :  principal  of  Brasenoee,  1809-33 ; 
vice-chancellor,  1818;  regius  professor  of  divinity,  1880; 
edited  Falconer's  *  Chronological  Tables,*  1796. 

[xxviL  73] 

HOOSOV,  Mrs.  MARGARET  ( 1778-1853 X  authoress ; 
nde  Holfbid ;  married  Septimus  Hodson  [q.  v.],  1836 :  friend 
and  oorrespondent  of  Southey :  works  include  '  Wallace,* 
*  Margaret  of  Anjou '  (1815X  and  *  Lives  of  Vasoo  Nuiiez 
de  Balboa  and  Francisco  Pizarro*  from  the  Spanish,  1833. 

[xxvii.  74] 

HOOSOV,  SEPTIMUS  (1768-1833X  rector  of  Thrap- 
ston  and  chaplain  to  Prince  of  Wales ;  published  *  Address 
on  High  Price  of  Provisions,'  1795.  [xxvU.  74] 

HOOSOV,  WILLIAM  (fl.  1640),  theological  writer : 
M.  A.  Peterhouse,  Cambridge,  1634 ;  pabiished  theological 
works.  [xxvii.  74] 

HOOSOV,  WILLLA.M  STEPHEN  RAIKES  (1831- 
1868X  cavaliV  leader ;  B. A.  Trinity  College,  Cambridge, 
1844 ;  entered  Indian  army,  1846  :  served  with  Snd  grena- 
diers in  Sikh  war :  adjutant  of  the  guides,  1847 ;  assistant- 
commissioner  under  Sir  Henry  Lawrence  in  Punjab, 
1849;  commander  of  guides,  1858-4;  removed  on  chargQ 

BS2 


HOBY 


628 


HOGG 


of  dishonesty,  1856,  but  cleared  bv  aseoood  inqairy,  1866  ; 
served  with  Ist  fosiliers  till  giveD  commisiion  during 
Mutiny  to  raise  *  Hodson's  horse  * :  after  oaptare  of  Delhi 
seized  the  king  in  Homayoon's  tomb  and  shot  the  81iah- 
sadas  when  rescue  attempted ;  did  good  servioe  at  Oawn< 
pore  and  Lucknow ;  was  shot  at  Lacknow  and  buried 
there.  [xxviL  76] 

HODY,  HUMPHRBT  (1669-1707),  divine:  scholar, 
1C77,  fellow,  1686,  dean,  1688,  and  bursar,  1691  and  169S,  of 
Wadham  College,  Oxford  ;  UJl^  1682 ;  D.D.,  169S  ;  chap- 
lain to  Bishop  StUlingfleet,  and  afterwards  to  Archbishops 
Tillotsou  and  Tenison ;  regius  professor  of  Greek  at  Ox- 
ford, 1698:  archdeacon  of  Oxford,  1704;  founded  Greek 
and  Hebrew  exhibitions  at  Wadham ;  attacked  the 
genuineuess  of  Aristeas's  account  of  the  Septuagint,  1684  : 
assisted  in  editing  Aristeas's  *  History,*  169S ;  conducted 
controversy  with  Henry  Dodwell  the  elder  [q.  v.]  on  non- 
juring  schism,  1691-9 :  published  also  *  Resurrection  of  the 
Body  asserted,'  1694, '  De  BibUorum  Textibns  Origlnalibus,* 
1706,  and  other  works ;  his  *  De  Greeds  Illustribus  'edited 
by  Samuel  Jebb,  174S.  [xxvii.  77] 

HODY,  Sir  JOHN  (d.  1441),  judge ;  M.P.,  Shaftesbury, 
1428, 14S6, 1428,  and  14S8,  Somerset,  1484  and  1440 ;  chief- 
justice  of  the  king's  bench,  1440 ;  assisted  Lyttelton. 

[xxvU.  78] 

HODY,  Sir  WILLIAM  (d.  1622  ?X  chief  baron  of  the 
exchequer,  i486 ;  second  son  of  Sir  John  Hody  [q.  v.] ; 
attomqr-general  and  serjeant-at-law,  1486.   [xxril  78] 

HOFLAVD,  BAKBARA  (1770-1844),  authoress  and 
friend  of  Miss  Mitfoid ;  married,  first,  T.  Bradshaw  Hoole, 
1796,  and  secondly  (1808)  Thomas  Christopher  Hofland 
[q.  T.]  ;  published  novels,  including  *  The  Son  of  a  Genius,* 
1816.  [xxviL  78] 

HOFLAHD,  THOMAS  CHRISTOPHER  (1777-1843X 
landscape-painter;  exhibited  at  Academy,  1799-1806; 
gained  British  Institution  prize  for  *  Storm  off  Soar- 
borough,'  1814 ;  held  exhibition  in  Bond  Street,  1821 ; 
foundation  member  of  Society  of  British  Artists;  pub- 
lished *  Britiah  Angler's  Manual '  (1889).         [xxviL  79] 

HOG  or  HOOO,   JAMES  (16687-1784),   leader   of 

*  Marrow  men'  in  church  of  Scotland ;  M.A.  Edinburgh, 
1677  ;  declined  oath  of  allegiance,  1698 :  minister  of 
Oamock,  1699-1784 ;  republished  *  Marrow  of  Modem 
Divinity,*  1718;  denounced  by  general  assembly,  1720; 
published  controversial  pamphlets.  [xxvii.  80] 

HOG,  Sir  ROGER,  Lord  Harcarss  (1686  7-1700), 
lord  of  sewion,  1677;  knighted,  1677;  lord  of  justiciary, 
1678 ;  removed,  1688 ;  compiled  *  Dictionary  of  Decisions, 
(1681-92),'  published,  1767.  [xxviL  80] 

HOG,  THOMAS  (1628-1692X  Scottish  divine;  M.A. 
Marisohal  College,  Aberdeen ;  minister  of  Kiltcam,  1664- 
1661  and  1691-2 ;  deposed  as  protester,  1661 :  imprisoned 
for  keeping  conventicles ;  fined  and  banished,  1684 ;  oliap- 
lain  to  William  of  Orange  in  HoUand  and  when  king. 

[xxviL  81] 

HOGAH,  JOHN  (180&-1868X  Irish  sculptor;  during 
residence  at  Rome,  1824-49,  executed  his  *  Eve,'  *  Drunken 
Faun,'  and  *Dead  Christ*;  statues  of  0'C<mnell  and 
Thomas  Dmmmond  by  him  at  Dublin.  [xxviL  81] 

HOGABTH,  GEORGE  (1763-1870%  musical  critic ; 
inserted  in  *  Evening  Chronicle  *  sketches  of  London  life 
by  Dick^is,  afterwards  his  son-in-law ;  musical  critic  of 
*■  Daily  News,*  1846-66,  alsoof  *  Illastrated  London  News  * ; 
secretary  of  Philharmonic  Society,  1860-64;  published 

*  Musical  History,  Biography,  and  Criticism,*  1886,  and 
other  works  on  music.  [xxviL  82] 

HOGABTH,  WILLIAM  (1697-1764),  painter  and  en- 
graver; apprenticed  to  silver-plate  engraver  in  Cran- 
boume  Street,  London ;  engraved  and  designed  plates  for 
booksellers  and  printsdlors,  including  (1726)  illustrations 
to  'Hudibras*;  painted  conversation-pieces,  including 
scenes  from  *  Beggar*8  Opera,'  1728-9 ;  engraved  *  Large 
Masquerade  Ticket,*  1727,  and  *  Taste,*  1731 :  married 
clandestinely,  at  old  Paddington  Church,  Jane  Thomhill, 
1729('Sigi8mnnda*):  assisted  in  decoration  of  Yauxhall 
and  designed  pass-tickets ;  his  paintings  of  *  The  Harlot's 
Progress '  engraved,  1782  ;  took  house  in  Leicester  Square 
(then  Fields)  and  executed  portrait  of  Sarah  Malcolm, 
murderess,  1738 ;  his  engraving  of  *  Ra]ce*s  Progress  *  and 
*Southwark  Fair  *  issued  complete,  1786,  when  *  Hogarth's 
Act,'  protecting  designers  from  piracy,  became  operative ; 
apostrophirad  byS^iiift  in  the  *  Legion  Club';  painted 


historical  pictures  at  St.  Bartholomew 
issued  the  prints  *  The  Distrest  Poet,' ' 
takers,*  and  'Sleeping  Congregation. 
Times  of  the  Day,*  'Strolling  Actre 
Bam,'  produced,  1738 :  his  '  Enraged  M 
Fielding,  1741 ;  his  portraits  of  Capt 
1739,  Martin  Fdkes  [q.  v.],  1741; 
Mode,'  1746,  engraved  by  French  ma 
Lovat,  1746 ;  painted  himself  and  «!< 

*  Industry  and  Idleness '  and  *  Stage  C< 
Prance  and  revenged  himself  for  arr 
Calais,'  1749;  painted  'The   March 

•  Four  Stages  of  Cruelty '  (partly  ei 
1760-1,  *  Moses  and  Pharaoh's  Dan 
before  Felix,'  1762 :  published  (with  a.* 
lysis  of  Beauty,*  with  etched  ticket, '  ( 
the  egg,'  1763  ;  issued  the  four  '  Klecti* 
'  England '  and '  France,'  1766,  '  The  I 
pit,'  1769,  and  » Five  Orders  of  Periwi 
painter,  1767;  exhibited  'Picquet,  o 
Stake*  and  '  Sigismunda,*  1761 ;  caric 
Churchill  in  'The  Times,'  1762,  and  et 
last  plate, '  The  Bathos/  1 764.  Uis  ep 
by  Garriok.  Many  of  his  works  ar 
Gallery,  National  Portrait  Gallery,  ai 
The  'Apprentice'  and  'Cruelty'  se 
Engkuid," Beer  Street,*  and  'Gin  La 
never  painted.  A  large  collection  of  1 
acquired  by  the  British  Museum,  182 
foreigners,  and  attacked  art  connci^sS) 
native  talent.  He  excelled  as  a  pictc 
picting  both  tragic  and  humorous  sec 
sincei^  et^cal  intention. 

HOGABTH,  WILLIAM  (1786-1RC( 
bishop  ;  professor  and  general  prefect 
apostolic  of  northern  district,  1848:  d; 
bishop  of  Hexham  and  Newcastle,  185( 

HOGEHBEBG,  FRANZ  (</.  159U), 
of  Remigins  Hogenberg  [q.  v.] 

HOGSNBERG,  REMIGIUS  (d. 
came  to  England,  e.  1673 ;  employ 
Parker  in  constructing  genealogies  ; 
Parker*8  portrait  by  Lyne  said  to  be  t 
England;  engraved  maps  and  portr 
Erumus,  and  others. 

HOGG,  HENRY  (1831-1874),  Nottu 

HOGG,  JABEZ  (1817-1899).  opl 
apprenticed  to  medical  practitiono 
staff  of  'Illustrated  London  New^' 
editor  in  various  publishing  undertj 
Hunterian  School  of  Medicine  an<i  C 
pitaL  1846;  M.R.C.S.,  1860:  sun?eoi 
minster  Ophthalmic  Ho«>pitAl,  1871-} 
for  women  and  children;  F.L.S.,  1B6> 
tific  works. 

HOGG,  JAMES  (1770-1835),  the 
shepherd  at  Willanslee,   c.  1785  ;  whi; 
father  of  William  Laidlaw  [q.  v.]  bes 
printed  *  Donald  M'Donald,'  1800,  and  - 
1801 ;  made  acquaintance  of  Scott  i 
for  '  Border  Minstrelsy ' ;  his  ballatls 
stable   as    'The    Mountain    Bard,'    1 
Ettrick  bankrupt,  having  failed  tts 
friesshire  ;  came  to  Edinburgh,  1810, 
'  Forest  Minstrel  * :  obtained  poetical  i 
Qneen*B  Wake,*  1813,  and  acquaintance 
John  Murray  ;  formed  friendships  wi 
Wilson,  Wordsworth,  and  Soutbey  ; 
the  Sun,*  1816:   *The  Poetic   Mirror 
Eltrivo  Lake,  1816  :  assisted  in  the  Cha 
wood's  Magazine,'  1817,  and  began  pro 
'Jacobite  Relics '  and  '  Winter  Evtnini 
Three  Perils  of  Man,*  1822,  '  Coufes:*! 
1824,  'Queen  Hynde,*  1826,  '  Shepben 
'  Songs,'  1829 :  was  entertained  pablic 
and  at  Peebles,  1833:  issued  *  Domestic  M 
Life  of  Sir  Walter  Scott,'  1834.    A  moi 
erected  on  St.  Mary's  Lake,  1860. 

HOGG,  JAMES  (1806-1888),  Edi 
edited  'The  Weekly  Instructor'  or 
published  De  Quincey's  and  Gilfil 
» London  Soc'ety.' 


ft"  JAMCS   MAONaHTITEN    McOAKBL, 

HieHIIUHOBlII    (IXia-iaBD).   (OH    Of    Sir 

Bogg  [a.  T.]  ;  of  Btnn  nuA  Chrl'l  Ohnivb. 

idlalrttUe  giunli,  1M3-BS:  cDQaErvHUFF 

tBn-t,  Trmo,  1871-S5,   Honi«fj,  1S8S-7; 

metnipoUtui  baud    ot   war)?.    1RT(MB: 

"~ff.  [.irtLlUl] 

JAlTBa   WBIS.    fiml  bnronet  {17»0- 

1  dinner :  Kbolir  ami  cDlrl  moliillbt  ot 

XMbUn  :  B.A„  ]«!<);  mnitrar  of  Cal- 


IndiAo  cooDcU,  li&H-Ji]  priw  coiui- 
[uvit.  IIW] 
'B7t  (IBOO-iees),  ntiolnr  and  luturallH  ; 
lonui  J«(I*r»ii  Houg  [ii.  v.]  ;  feUow  of 
KBibtidgE,  lOJ;  K^i.,  1HLI7:  foreign  kcfb- 
'-preridmt  of  BofiU  t^wwt^  of  LItenUre, 
•  \fa»:  pnblisliel  •(inUlngnB  of  SlnlUui 
^aa  otber  innk*  ol  Eatun]  blalorj. 
_„  [iiTii.  lOi] 

t^OKAS  JBFFSBeOX    (ITBJ-IBMK  Wmd 
»"  of  SbtUej  i  U  Unictrelly  CoLlese,  Oidnd, 


■<•'.  tnbllilKd ■  Monoin ol  Prlnct  Aleiy  iiid- 
>>:alled  tobu,  1817 :  unlud  hlmwU  to  widow 
■Uml,  Bdmtd  BtUkoi  Willlanu  [q.  v.] ;  qur- 
ifchDBturt  Mill;  oaiErUjulol  [cmlniHEiim 
'UOifoid  to  Bnlavr'B  'Sew  Uontlilj'  Uiwi- 
I;  iBonidiHl  corpontion  commlBsEoner,  iHAi  ; 
*nTUr«UiTliler  :  pi«:tli>h«l  Iwo  yobimia  nl 
%,  lUS :  oonUlbaUd  (a  '  Bdlnbargh  KeTlew ' 
i^iimAla  BdtaDDioa.'  [iiTil.  104] 

lUZ,  MILES  (;I.1UTl    [S«  HcnanBDE.] 
tOI,   DAHIBL  (liro  1911).   mRjor-eewnL ; 

Df:  brieadier  Kt  CWU...   l.llu';  miijoT-giiiier^ 


mmnner  OBthcrHne  1 

pictura  by  HoLbdn 

HOLBOKXE,  1 


t  Wal« :  knigbtal,  letj ;  pubtlsbnl  legal  t 
HOLBBOOE,      ANN      OATHBItlNS 


beSUgc.'18U0,iiDdUlcg. 


a  Utgo   pictnn!  ttt  BiUhn^ 
r  thB  plague  ia  Jjomicia.    Ha 

nd  Anne  of  Clem.  Aulbeotla 


wkugbftm  College*  U8r>,  ol  Won 
igsB  (Brutal)  to  latiraiTr,  His 
pr»cr-book  <IU9): Antiloiu  o 
ip  of  BocbeeUT.  1M4-7.  DUbop 
[■ 
a,    HANS    (14«7-1M3).    [BiDlr 


11,  mi  pilnUd  portrait!  of  Jamb  Ucjrr 


1 ;  pouted  portnltB 


More*!  bouMbold :  dnrlns  rei 
fBnplctsl  markl  palndagu  nC 
■t  <B«it«d  portnita  of  bli  W 
tmm :  nuaj  of  hiB  rell^iouB  ' 


!■■ '  Uontt '  pottnlt ;  < 
<1(M)  nod  OruiDHc't 

'■■    -     .:p«lntrtCi 


rs^^ 


jvii.]ii] 
irao-iBBT), 


HOMDHJJB,  FRANCtSfUW-irri), 


ln«l  dtemmUllHf 
itdvtroyed  iKforc  Loolrbonr^; 


HOLOOT,  HOBERT  or  <d.  1149).  dirbiu;  Domlsloia 
and  ilorbir  Ln  tlicology  ot  Oitonl:  won  rcpalc  for  tx- 
piiBltlon«Dt  Ihe  biblf ;  uld  lo  base  died  of  tbe  plagiui 


HOLCSOTT,  FIlAN'CI6(lS91>7-18HXpu 

M.A.  and  fdlow,  OlKn:  Hall.  OamhrhlKB ; 

BBsfiugboonie.  lust:  ImpriEOnrd  nt  Cambridge.  lUS- 

IS7a.   oiuJ  in  Ue  Flwt;  p —  -  '--■ -■ ■- 

Cambridgnbtte. 

BDL0BD7T,  THOMAS  . 

i»iiie<lj,  'Duplicity.'  prniluced  at  C 


atOoiti 


>   prtuting 


WlUiun  Godu 

Dialnly  conipUs]  by  HiudiK ;  i 
cooudla  and  oomie  (Weru,  llu  'linnHa  na] 
(poem).  17n,BonwiioTUBt]iio1iiiUng<AliiryD.or  I 
(inoon  Oomcdlui.'  I7ai> ;  tnuulatlonl,  InolDdlig ' 
Baton  TiHiDk.'  1788,  LbtiUi'i  ■  ^intognom]'.'  i; 

HOLDSir,  OBOROECITSa-lBlillX  tlieotORlital 
imulnalel  at  GlawDW  ^  ineLiTDtHjnt  of  Mngbr" 
pool,  Itfll-M;  bii  llbrnry  hnqp"""""""  '"  "'^" 
publlibed  theological  worm. 

HOLSXK.    HBNRY  (IMi- 
dlilop;  D.D.  and  profBiBor    ■ 
geDeral  of  Fririi  ;  peUtlonr 
luitboilci,  IS4T ;  engtgel  ir 
16&6  ;  criticised  ^^^ritio^  of  ' 

Kugliib  aabiaott  tn  Fnaot. 


ol  Myittrjr.' 
ti  Ijindon.  but 


Rlponrl'^; 


ROUnr,  HUBKBT  ABHTON  (liU-IBM),  oluiini 
nliDUr:  B.A.Tl1iiitT  OAlfn.  Ounbrldcc,  IBM;  fellow, 
IKI-tt;  UiI).IB«:  fiidiliHd print. IB»* i  ttee-piind- 
pilafCbdMiUMUil(MI(«e,lUI-a:  beadnuta  ot  Qawo 
KUutHth*!  uhool,  Imirlsh,  IMB-Bt;  (dbnr  ef  London 
UnlTRii?.  18W :  UW.  D.  ItabUn,  IBU  :  cdiud  oliwlnj 
worki  for  btodent*.  [BuppL  U.  4W] 

IC.  Bnt  baronet  (l80T-lgW),ln- 
■Ivdif  Bt  Fidnley,  IjHds,  Huddn*- 


BoLSBIt.  8Tn  » 
'entar:  worked  in  eg 


Held,  KDdRadii 

Samael  CanUffEluiitu.aftcrnriiilnt'Buni  Ui 
wtUt  wbDm  he  obtaliud  patent  (1M7)  tor  nwiiiMMnm 
oudlnH  and  ootnt^Dg  and  pnparlng  gHiapn  ram? ; 
opaMd  i]uuiDfaotaT7  at  SI.  Dinla.  near  Parii,  IMS ;  imi- 
e«acnUd  bmlnceH  at  Bntdford,  leui  U.P,  Knins- 
bonnigh,  IMl-S,  and  Edghlej'  dltiilm.  1BS9-S1 ;  cmatid 
batmet.  IMl.  [BnppL  IL  Ut] 

HOLDKIT,  LA  WHENCE,  the  eldn-  (mO-i;T8).  dii- 
KntiDi;  divine  :poh]li>bfil'Panipbnii<«  on  . .  .Job.PMluu, 
FiDTK-Dg.  Bdolulanai,'  ITfiS,  aud  'A  PuapbnK  od  .  . . 
'-'-'' 'uttll.  ISO] 


HOLDEM,   LAWKBNCB,  tl 


naM  Holden  the  elder  [q.  t.)  [ 

BOLSEir.  MOSES  (ir7T-18M),  PreeCoD 
mutraoted  laf^  orrery  apd  ma^c  laQlen 


Bdpkbi.     I'RISCS 


HOLDBWOKTH.     DANIEL    {1668; 


M,  in 8-1 778^1 
174 ).   Hancboler 

[iSYii.  1S3] 
1-1873),  pnlnWr; 


iq.  *.]  and  other*: 
Virgtl.'  flth  noM  b] 


BOLDBWOBXH,  RIOHABD  (l»o-IMia  muter  of 
Smmnnnel  Coltr^c,  Oambrld^ ;  KboUr  of  8L  Jolm'H 
CoUtffK.  Ounbridee,  lilt;  fellcnr,  1613:  B.A..  lelU:  in- 
Poor.  IjjDdDD,  1AS1 ;  GreBham  profeaiwr  of  dlvinltf,  lift ; 
Colleps.  Osmbildfa,  II 


unent  and  publlah- 
:  liilted  CbarlH  I  at  Holmb; 

ibrldge  UiilvenJtr     [iivU.  lU] 


ing  royal  prooiiur 
UtirarT  iwu^lit  by 


BOLE,  UATTHEW  (d.  1730).  rector  ot  BiMcr  Col- 
ege,  Oilord  ;  M.A.,  1S64  ;  D.D,  17111 :  licar  of  stosoraej, 


Faringdon.  17B5,andoIlnwardle!g!i; 


...    . .,      .       )  Bicliatd  Poiwliae'i . 

SOLE  or  HOLLX.  WILLIAU  (fi.  leoV-IMOVfldM 
EDglisb  entnarei  at  nauaa  on  BOpprr  pUU :  ■!»  nind 
portrait  and  tltle-pageioC  mapa  for  Camden'i '  Briuaait 
1607.  [IIT&.UI1 

B0Ln)U>,UARQARCT(ir78-ie»X    ISelBoMI 

MBfl.  MAHO.H*T.] 

HOLOATB  or  HOLDSOATB.  R08BRTn<!I'-lU)i 

nrchbljhnp  ol  York:  bkuWt  oI  Hm  order  of  "■  "' — ' 

VIII:  blrhop  ol  LlanAal,  16)7:  uwlBted  m 
laJB-H:  arcbblihop  ol  York.  1M«-M:  imponiiiM'f 

iKiopf  marrind.  IQ64 :  imprironDi.  bu' 
■ion  ;  eudoued  h«pEta1  at  fl«iuwart 

HOLIKBHEO  or  HOLUHQSBBAI),  RAFHAIL 
{d.  IMO  7>.  cbronieier;  came  tdLoodonearljlnnlgi^  ' 
Bllubetb;  emplomd  al  tnuuOatair  br  H^hHll  WA 
'       "     >r  nrdnmllMaT.ilU  ; 


puiBnafaiattH 
HOLKEK,  JEAN  LOUIS  fITTO-l»MX  df — - 


HOLKES,  JOHN 

at  PhllDdelpbLA  f roni  l'//7;  son  ol  JoDnuolkerfiJiv-i'Bif 
[<l.i.l  [iniLUIJ 

HOLKXB,  Sir  JOHN  nstB-18S)%  lord  'pafi 
tATrifltcr,  Gray*e  Inn,  1864.  and  trraaarer,  1871 ;  Qil< 
IDeg;  knigbUd,lSIt :  bad  laiye  practice  ill  pa<<««W 


BOLL,  FRANCia  (lMt-1884),  cngTam:  Ha' 
Wiiiiam  S4^  tlie  elder  [q.  t.];  eoffraTgd  pMcuvlB 
Queen  Victoria,  portrait*  bjr  GeorgE  Blchmoiid,  WlW 
-Rallwar  SuUou,'  and  many  chalk  dnwtnci :  A-U. 
IBS).  [UTiLlU] 

BOLL,  FBANCIB  UOKTAaUB,  kmn  al  Tun 
HOLL  (1  Ul-^lSSa),  palntar  1  eon  <X  Ftaneia  BeOI  (UU-IW 
Iq.T.liadueatedatnntTMltynpllfBaaTiiia^alAilM 
aehodi:  gold  nedalUit,  UU ;  (aUMd  t(anllii«  •!■«■' 
■bip.  laW;  nbibitedat  AeadamifromllH;  S.A.1M: 
Hblbllal '  No  TIdinga  fmn  the  Baa,'  im.  am  ■  im^ 
Home.'  1871:  painted  188  portralti,  lB7»-«a.  \iid<a^ 
tbe  Dake  of  OaDibridie,  fit  WlllUm  Jenner,  Bir  HaiQ 
Itsnllseon,  Jobn  Bright,  Lord  Roberta,  aul  ti-s  of  E<« 


BOLL.  WILLIAK.  tbe  jonngv  (IMT-lBTl). 
nd  line  enfram ;  aonol  WIDiam  HotI  UKSIdiT  " 
leentcd  portraita,  labjact-^tam  after  Frltb, 


HOLLAND 


681 


HOT.T.AND 


JUn),  Barons.  [See  Fox,  Hrnrt,  1705-1774, 
ox :  Fox,  Hbxrt  Richard  Vassall,  1773-1840, 

ROM.] 

JUn),  Ladt  (1770-1845).   [See  Fox,  Blizabrth 

JOTD,  ABRAHAM  (</.  1626),  poet;  son  of 
I  HolUiid  [q.  v.]  :  B.A.  Trinity  College,  Oam- 
517:  AUtbor  of  ^Naammchia,  or  Hollands  Sea- 
ISS9X  describing  Lepauto :  *  Hollandi  Posthama,* 
bis  brother,  1636.  [xxvii.  137] 

JLVD,  OHARLBS  (1733-1769X  actor  ;  appeared 
'  Lane,  1755-69 ;  played  Tago,  lachimo,  Jaffler, 
ICacbeth,  Romeo,  Ohamont ;  praised  by  Cbatter- 
latirised  by  Obarchill  for  imitation  of  Garrick  : 
with  Powell :  inacription  written  by  Garrick  for 
meutin  Chiswick  Charcb.  [xxvii.  137] 

JUTD,  CHARLES  (1768-1849?),  actor;  nephew 
■  Holland  (1738-1769)  [q.  ▼.] ;  appeared  at  Dmry 
ie-18S0,  at  Haymarket,  1809-10 ;  played  Horatio 
011*8  Hamlet  at  Lycenm,  1819,  Mendizabel  to 
ianod,  1817,  Bockingham  to  his  Richard  III, 
oocster  to  bis  Lear,  1830.  [xxvii.  138] 

JkXm,  OORNBLinS  (jC.  1649X  regicide:  of 
I  Taylors*  School  and  Pembroke  Hall,  Cambridge : 
8:  clerk-oomptroUer  to  Prince  of  Wales,  1635; 
nr  Windsor,  1640;  a  commissioner  for  Scottish 
MJ ;  aa  member  of  council  of  state,  1649,  said  to 
vn  ap  charges  against  the  king,  bat  did  not  sign 
:  Ubnally  rewarded  by  parliament:  escaped  to 
1660 ;  said  to  have  died  at  Lausanne. 

[xxvii.  189] 
LAVD,  EDMUND,  fourth  Earl  o¥  Kent  Id, 
leeood  son  of  Sir  Thomas  Holland,  second  earl 
Doortally  wounded  at  Briant.  [xxvii.  157] 

ULVO,  GEORGE  OALVBRT  (1801-1865X 
D :  M.D.  Edinburgh,  1827  :  B.-ds-Lettres  Paris ; 
1  at  Manchester  and  Sheffield ;  defended  the  com 
MUidoDed  practice  to  direct  banks  and  railway 
es,  and  failed :  adopted  homoeopathy,  1851 :  studied 
RD ;  published  *  Experimental  Enquiry  into  Laws 
al  life,'  1829,  *  Physiology  of  the  Foetus,*  1831, 
T  ioientifio  works.  [xxvii.  189] 

ULVO.  GUT,  sometimes  known  as  Holt  (1587  7- 
mit:  B.A.  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  1606: 
Sngli«h  College,  ValladoUd,  1608 :  joined  lesuits  in 
,  1615 :  arrested  in  London,  1628  :  forty-five  years 
ish  mission:  attacked  Falkland's  *  Discourse  of 
UibUity  of  the  Church  of  Rome,'  1645  :  defended 
llty  of  the  soul,  1653.  [xxvii.  140] 

LASS,  HENRY  (<l.  1604),  divine:  B.A.  Mag- 
oUege.  Cambridge,  1580 :  vicar  of  Omell,  1580-94, 
■ide's,  London,  1594-1604 :  works  include  *  Treatise 
Witchcraft '(1590)  and  'Spirituall  PrescruaUues 
the  PestUence'  (1593).  [xxvll.  140] 

LAHD,  HENRY  (</.  1625X  Roman  catholic 
of  BtOQ  and  St.  John's  College,  Oxford :  B.A., 
D.  Dooay.  1578:  on  English  mission,  1582 :  divinity 
it  Marchiennes  and  Anchine:  published  *Uma 
1612,  and  Latin  life  of  Thomas  Stapleton,  1620 ; 
Uicbine.  [xxvii.  141] 

LAVD,  HENRY  (1588-1650  ?),  compiler  and  pub* 
on  of  Philemon  Holland  [q.  v.]  :  free  of  Stationers* 
y,  1608;  iasoed  his  own  'Monumenta  Sepul- 
Sancti  Paul!,'  1614  (continued  and  reissued,  1633), 
iziU4*Iogia,'  with  engravings  by  Elstracke,  Pass, 
kocis  Ddaram,  1618,  and  'Her«0ologia  Anglica' 
tjrtralta),  1620 ;  edited  Philemon  Holland's  Bau- 
'  Pbannacopoeia,*  1689,  and  *  Regimen  Sanitatis 

1^9 :  served  in  parliamentary  army,  1643. 

[xxvU.  141] 
LAVD,  HENRY  (1746  7-1806), architect: designed 
at  House,  Esher,   for  (Tlive,    1763-4,  Battersea 

1771-i,  Brooks's  Club,  1777-8,  and  Brighton 
u  1787 :  altered  and  enlarged  Carlton  House,  1788 : 
I  Drury  Lane  for  Sheridan,  1791,  and  new  East 
boK,  demolished  In  1862:  laid  out  Sloane  Street ; 

of  committee  to  report  on  houses  of  parliament, 
JS.A.,  1797 :  drew  up  arcbitecta'  report  on  fires, 

[xxvii,  143] 


HOLLAVD,  Sir  HENRY,  first  baronet  (1788-1873), 

Shysiclan:  M.D.  Edinburgh,  1811 :  studied  at  Guy's  and 
t.  Thomas's  hospitals :  visited  Iceland  and  contributetl 
to  Sir  George  S.  Mackenzie's  account,  1810;  medical 
attendant  to  Princess  of  Wales  (Caroline)  on  the  conti- 
nent, 1814:  gave  evidence  in  her  favour,  1820:  F.R.S., 
1816 ;  F.R.C.P.,  1828 :  physician  In  ordinary  to  Prince 
Albert,  1840,  to  Queen  Victoria,  1852 :  created  baronet, 
185S :  travelled  much  on  continent :  published  '  Travels,' 
1815,  'Chapters  on  Mental  Physiology,'  1852,  'Essays,* 
1862,  and  *  Recollections,*  1872.  [xxvii.  144] 

HOLLAHD,  HBZEKIAH  (jC.  1688-1661),  puritan 
divine :  rector  of  Sutton  Valence,  Kent :  author  of  '  Ex- 
position or . . .  Epitome  of  . . .  Commentaries  upon  .  .  . 
Revelations,*  1650.  [xxvii.  146] 

HOLLAVD,  HUGH  (d.  1633),  poet:  queen's  scholar 
at  Westminster  and  fellow  of  Trinity  Ck>llege,  Cambridfre ; 
converted  to  Romanism:  travelled  as  far  as  Jerusalem; 
patronised  by  Buckingham :  a  member  of  Mermaid  Club ; 
wrote  sonnet  prefixed  to  first  folio  Shakespeare:  pub- 
lished 'Pancharis,'  1608,  and  *  A  Cypres  Garland,'  1625. 

[xxvii.  146] 

HOLLAHD,  JAMES  (1800-I870X  water-colour  painter ; 
exhibited  at  Water-colour  Society,  Royal  Academy,  Society 
of  British  Artlsto,  and  British  Institution  ;  drew  for  illus- 
trated annuals,  visiting  France,  Venice,  Geneva,  Portugal, 
and  Italy.  [xxvii.  146] 

HOLLAHD,  JOHN,  Duke  of  Bxetkr  and  Earl 
OF  HusTiN*ODONn352?-1400X  third  son  of  Sir  Thomas 
Holland,  first  earl  of  Kent  [q.  vJ*  and  half-brother  to 
Richard  IT :  K.G.,  1381 ;  justice  of  Chester,  1381 :  murdered 
Ralph  Stafford,  1385 :  married  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  John 
of  Gaunt,  under  whom  he  diatinguished  himself  in  Spain, 
1386 :  created  Earl  of  Huntingdon,  1887 :  chamberlain  of 
England,  1389 :  made  pilgrimage  to  Palestine,  1394 :  com- 
missary, west  marches  towards  Scotland,  1393 :  rewarded 
bv  dukedom  for  activity  against  Gloucester  and  Amndd, 
1897 :  accompanied  Richard  II  to  Ireland,  1399 ;  con- 
spired against  Henry  IV ;  executed.  [xxvii.  147] 

HOLLAHD,  JOHN,  Dukk  of  Exvtkr  and  Earl  of 
HiTNTiNODON  (lSMi-1447),  second  son  of  John  Holland, 
duke  of  Exeter  (1352  7-1400)  [q.  v.]  ;  K3.,  1418  :  distin- 
guished at  Agincoort,  1415 :  restored  to  earldom,  1416, 
and  created  K.G. :  commanded  fleet  against  Genoese  off 
Harfleur,  1417 :  took  part  in  sieges  of  Caen  and  Rouen ; 
distinguished  at  surprise  of  Pontoise,  1419  :  won  victory 
of  Fresney,  1420 :  took  part  In  capture  of  Melun,  1420; 
constable  of  Tower  of  London,  1420:  captured  by 
dauphlnlsta,  1421 ;  exchanged,  1425 :  English  represen- 
tative at  Arras,  1435:  commsivled  expedition  for  relief 
of  Gnlsnes,  1438 :  governor  of  Aquitalne,  1440  :  restored 
to  dukedom,  1443.  [xxvii.  148] 

HOLLAHD,  JOHN  (d.  1722X  founder  of  Bank  of  Scot- 
land and  first  governor,  1695;  with  his  son,  Richard 
Holland  (1688-1730)  [q.  v.],  projected  Irish  bank :  pub- 
lisbel  financial  pamphlets.  [xxvii.  150] 

HOLLAHD,  JOHN  (1766-1826),  nonconformist  minis- 
ter :  nephew  of  Philip  Holland  [q.  v.]  [xxvlL  154] 

HOLLAHD,  JOHN  ( 1794-1 872  X  poet  and  miscel- 
laneous writer:  edited  *  Sheffield  Iris,'  1825-32;  jolnt- 
eiltorof  'Sheffield  Mercuiy,'  1835-48  *  publUhed ' Sheffield 
Park,'  1820,  and  '  Diurnal  Sonnets,'  1851 ;  friend  of  James 
Montgomery  ;  joint-editor  of '  Memoirs  of  Life  and  Writ- 
ings of  James  Montgomery,*  1854-6  :  completed  Newsam'd 
'  Poets  of  Yorkshire,'  1845 :  published  also  '  History  of 
Worksop,*  1826,  'Cruciana,'  1835,  and  other  works. 

[xxvii.  160] 

HOLLAHD,  Sm  NATHANIEL  DANCE-,  first  baronet 
(1 735-1811 X  pidnter ;  third  son  of  the  elder  George  Dance 
[q.  v.] :  original  member  of  Royal  Academy,  to  whoec 
first  exhibition  he  sent  full  lengths  of  George  III  and 
Queen  Charlotte ;  assumed  additional  name  :  M.P.,  East 
Griustead ;  created  baronet,  1800.  [xxvii.  151] 

HOLLAHD,  PHILEMON  (1552-1637X  translator; 
M.A.  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  1574,  major  fellow,  1674  ; 
claimed  degree  of  M.D. :  master  of  free  school,  Coventry, 
1628  :  received  pension  from  city,  1632 :  epitaph  by 
himself  in  Holy  Trinity  Church :  his  chief  translations 
those  of  Livy,  1600,  Pliny's  *  Natural  History,'  1601, 


HOLLAND 


G32 


HOLLES 


Plataroh'8  'Morals,*  1803,  Suetonios,  1606,  Ammianos 
Marcellinas,  1609,  Oamden's  *  Britannia,*  1610,  and  Xeno- 
pbon's  *  Oyropasdia,*  1633 ;  praised  by  Fuller,  Hearne,  and 
Soathcy.  [xxvli.  161] 

HOLLAVS,  PHILIP  (1791-1789),  nonconformist 
dirine ;  minister  of  Bank  Street  ChapeU  Bolton,  1755-80  ; 
assisted  Seddon  in  establishment  of  Warrington  academy ; 
actlye  in  agitation  against  subeoription.       [xxvii.  153] 

HOLLAVS,  Sir  RIOHARD  (A  1450X  Scottish  poet 
and  adherent  of  the  Donglasoa ;  author  of  the  '  Buke  of 
the  Howlat,'  edited  by  David  Lalng,  1823 ;  praised  by  Blind 
Harry,  Dunbar,  and  Lyndsay.  [xxvii.  154] 

HOLLAND,  RIOHARD  (1596-1677),  mathematician ; 
educated  at  Oxford ;  author  of  astronomical  manuals. 

[xxvii.  155] 

HOLLAVS,  RIOHARD  (1688-1780),  medical  writer : 
8on  of  John  Holland  (d.  1722)  [q.  v.] ;  M.A.  Oatharine 
Hall,  Cambridge,  1712 ;  MJ).,  1723 :  F.R.O.P.,  1725 ;  F.ILSm 
1726 :  published  *  Observations  on  Smallpox,*  1728. 

[xxviL  150] 

HOLLAVS,  ROBERT  (1557-1622 ?X  Welsh  poet; 
M  J^.  Jesus  OoUege,  Oambridge,  1581 ;  incumbent  in  Pem- 
brokeshire and  reotor  of  Llanddowror,  Carmarthen. 

[xxvii.  155] 

HOLLAND,  SABA,  Ladt  (d.  1866),  second  wife  of  Sir 
Henry  Holland  [q.  v.]  ;  published  memoir  of  her  father, 
Sydney  Smith,  1856.  [xxvii.  145] 

HOLLAND,  SBTH  (<l.  1661),  dean  of  Worcester  ;  M.A. 
All  Souls  College,  Oxford,  1539:  fellow;  warden,  1555 : 
dean  of  W^orcester,  1557-9 :  chaplain  to  Cardinal  Pole ; 
died  in  prison.  [xxvii.  156] 

HOLLAND,  Sir  THOMAS,  first  Earl  op  Kekt  of 
tbe  Holland  family  (d.  1360X  soldier ;  present  at  Sluys 
1340 :  an  original  K.O.,  1844  ;  prominent  at  siege  of  Gaen, 
and  at  Crecy,  1346 ;  royal  lieutenant  in  Brittany,  1354 ; 
governor  of  Channel  islands,  1356 ;  summoned  to  parlia- 
ment as  Baron  Holland,  1358-6 :  captain-general  in  France 
and  Normandy,  1359 ;  Earl  of  Kent  in  rigtit  of  his  wife 
Joan,  daughter  of  Edmund  of  Woodstock,  earl  of  Kent 
[q.  v.]  [xxviL  156] 

HOLLAND,  Sir  THOMAS,  second  Earl  op  Kknt 
of  the  Holland  family  (1 350-1397 X  favourite  and  half- 
brother  of  Richard  II ;  son  of  Thomas  Holland,  first  carl 
of  Kent  [q.  v.]  :  succeeded  as  Baron  Hollanil,  1360 : 
knighted  in  Castile,  1366 ;  K.O.,  1375 :  earl-marshal, 
1380-5 :  ambassador  to  the  Emperor  Wenccslaus,  138U ; 
Earl  of  Kent,  1881 ;  constable  of  the  Tower  and  privy 
councillor,  1389.  [xxviL  157] 

HOLLAND,  THOMAS,  Dninc  op  Sdrrrt  and  Earl 
OF  Kknt  (1374-1400),  eldest  son  of  Sir  Thomas  Holland, 
second  earl  of  Kent  [q.  v.]  ;  K.G..  1397  ;  active  in  arrest 
and  execution  of  Arundel :  created  Duke  of  Surrey,  1397 ; 
marshal  and  lieutenant  of  Ireland,  1398  ;  deprived  of 
dukedom,  1399;  conspired  against  Henry  IV,  holding 
Maidenhead  bridge  three  days ;  executed  by  men  of  Ciren- 
cester. [xxviL  167] 

HOLLAND,  THOMAS  (d.  1612X  regius  professor  of 
divinity  at  Oxford ;  M.A.  Balliol  Ck>ltege,  Oxford,  1575  ; 
D.D.,  1584 ;  chaplain  to  Leicester  in  Netherlands,  1585 : 
r^us  professor  of  divinity  at  Oxford,  1589-1612 ;  rector 
of  Exeter  College,  1592  ;  one  of  the  six  translators  of  the 
prophets  in  authorised  version,  1611.  [xxvii.  158] 

HOLLAND,  THOMAS  (1600-1642),  Jesuit;  addressed 
Prince  Charles  at  Madrid,  1623  ;  prefect  and  confessor  at 
St.  Omer ;  came  to  England,  1636 ;  executed. 

[xxvii.  159] 

HOLLAND,  THOMAS  (1669-1743).  [See  EccLEsrox, 
Thomas.] 

HOLLAND,  THOMAS  AGAR  (1803-1888),  poet;  of 
Weitminster  and  W^oroester  College,  Oxford ;  M.A.,  1828 ; 
reotor  of  Poynings,  1846-88 ;  published  'Dryburgh  Abbey 
and  other  Poems/  1826.  [xxviL  159] 

HOLLAR,  WENCESLAUS,  in  Bohemian  Vaclav 
Holar  (1607-1677),  engraver;  native  of  Prague;  lived 
at  Frankfort,  Cologne,  and  Antwerp ;  came  to  England 
with  Thomas  Howard,  second  earl  of  Arundel  [q.  v.], 
1636  ;  teaclier  of  drawing  to  Prince  Charles ;  engraved 
'Omatus  Muliebris  Anglicanus,*  1640,  Oluirlcs  I  and  his 
queen  (after  Vandyck),  1641,  and  *  Thcatrum  Mulierum,* 


1643 ;  captured  by  parllamoitarlAiM  at  Basing;  SMped 
to  Antwerp :  returned,  1662 :  illustrated  Dotpdale's  *8L 
Paul,'  Ogilby's  Virgil,  and  Stapleton'i  Juvenal ;  u  HBh 
designer  prodnoed  ^CJoronation  of  (Tbarles  W :  czecoted 
fine  map  of  London  after  tbe  fire  of  1666 ;  senttoTioficr, 
1669  ;  engraved  picture  of  KempthorDe*s  fight  vith  Al^ 
rine  pirates  ;  Illustrated  Tboroton*s  *  Antiquities  of  Hicfr 
tingbamshire* ;  2,733  of  bis  prints  eonmer^ed. 

[xxviL  1«0] 
HOLLBS,  DENZIL,  finit  Barox  Holles  of  IrmD 
(1599-1680X  statesman ;  second  son  <xt  J<rtm  HoDcsfm 
earl  of  Clare  [q.  v.] ;  M.P.,  St.  Michael,  1624,  Dorcbener, 
1628,  and  in  Long  pariiament ;  opposed  ^ickinebss'i 
foreign  policy;  hdkl  the  speaker  in  bis  chair,  2 lUni, 
1629;  imprisoned  and  fined;  escaped  abroad;  oompet* 
sated  by  Long  parliament,  1641 ;  tried  to  save  his  brode- 
in-law,  Strafford ;  carried  up  impeachment  of  Laud:  np- 
ported  Grand  Remonstrance  and  impeachmnit  of  V^ 
and  BriutoL  1641 ;  impeached  among  tbe  five  memben, 
3  Jan.  1642 ;  advocated  MUitia  BiU  and  Impcachmeotof 
royalist  peers ;    member  of  committee  of  safety  4  Jidj, 
1642  ;  led  regiment  at  Bdgehlll  and  Brentford ;  advoestsd 
peace,  1643 ;  parliamentary  representative  at  negotiatioM 
of  1644,  1645  (Uxbridge),  and  1648  (Newport):  ImhU 

f>rcsbyterians  against  independents  and  (1644)  projedri 
mpeachment  of  Cromwell ;  charged  with  intriguer  vidi 
Charles  1, 1645  and  1647 ;  impeached  by  the  army  uaaag 
ttie  eleven  members,  1647 ;  disabled  from  sitting,  bot  n- 
stored,  1648  ;  escaped  to  France  under  threat  d  aaocixr 
impeachment ;  reiadmitted  by  Monck  and  appointal  t« 
council  of  state,  1660 ;  commissioner  to  Charies  U  si  tbe 
Hague ;  privy  oounoiUor  and  created  peer,  1661 ;  aabm- 
sador  at  Paris,  1663-6 :  a  negotiator  of  treaty  of  Bredi, 
1667;  protested  against  the  Test  Act,  1675;  supportal 
impeachment  of  D^by,  1678,  and  dlsbandment  or  umj, 
1678 :  opposed  Exclusion  Bill ;  one  of  tbe  new  priTy  ooos- 
cillor^  1679  ;  his  *  Memoirs,  1641-8,*  printed,  1699. 

[xxviL  16S] 
HOLLES,  Sir  FRBSCHEVILLB  (1641-1672X  ctfUii 
in  tlie  navy ;  son  of  Gervase  Holles  [q.  v.] ;  vcdanteer  is 
naval  campaign,  1665 ;  knighted,  1666 ;  ocnnmaodid  tte 
Henrietta,  1666;  abused  by  P^ys  ;  M.P.,  Grimsby,  in? ; 
commanded  the  Cambridge  linder  Sir  Robert  Eetmm 
[q.  v.],  1672 ;  killed  in  baUle  of  Solebaj ;  buried  in  Wot- 
minster  Abbey.  [xxvlL  IM] 

HOLLES,  GERVASE  (1606-1675),  antiquary:  eooa- 
troller  of  Middle  Temple,  1685 ;  royalist  mayor  and  3LP. 
for  Grimsby ;  suspended  and  disabled  from  sitting  for 
denunciation  of  Soots,  1641-2  ;  fought  at  fidgebiU,  Ban- 
bury, Brentford,  Newbury;  captured  at  Ooldiebter ;  al- 
lowed to  retire  to  France,  1649;  in  Holland  till  16(0: 
master  of  the  requests  and  MJ*.,  Grimsby,  1661-7S;  mmt 
of  his  Lincolnshire  collections  in  British  Mnseam. 

[xxTiL  1871 

HOLLES,  GILBERT,  third  Earl  op  Glaei  (16»- 
1689),  member  of  the  country  party,  1660-88;  mo  «( 
John  Holles,  second  earl  of  Clare  [q.  v.]        [xxviL  I'U] 

HOLLES,  JOHN,  first  Earl  op  Glare  (1564  ?-16S7). 
soldier  and  politician  ;  served  against  Armada.  1M8.  loJ 
in  Azores  expedition,  1597 ;  fought  against  Tnrls  in  Hao- 
gary ;  comptroller  to  Henry,  prince  of  Walet,  161(^11: 
friend  of  Somerset  and  enemy  of  Coke  and  Cterrue  Mark- 
ham  :  created  Baron  Holies,  1616,  and  Earl  of  (Hane,  1CS4: 
opposed  Buckingham ;  advocated  compromise  on  Petitioa 
of  Right ;  reprinoanded  for  implication  in  proocMiinff  d 
Sir  Robert  Dudley  [q.  v.],  1629.  [xxviL  168] 

HOLLES,  JOHN,  second  Earl  op  Clark  (1595-1M)l 
son  of  John  Holies,  first  eari  [q.  t.]  ;  representel  fist 
Retford  as  Lord  Haugbton,  1624-9 ;  volunteer  at  Bo(f-l^ 
Doc,  1629 ;  succeeded  to  peerage,  1687 ;  took  part  in  vtfs>' 
tiations  with  Soots,  1640;  sidal  with  five  popular  pnn. 
1641,  but  defended  Strafford,  1641 ;  changed  sideiserffi] 
times  during  tbe  rebellion.  [xxvU.  10] 

HOLLES,  JOHN,  Dukr  op  Nkwcajitlk  (166I-Kn)< 
son  of  Gilbert  Holles,  third  earl  of  Clare  [q.  v.] :  kno^ 
as  Lord  Haugbton  tiU  fatber*s  death  ;  iLP.  for  Kottia^- 
hamshire ;  gentleman  of  bedchamber  to  William  lU: 
married  Margaret  Cavendish,  coheiress  of  Duke  of  Ne** 
castle,  1690 ;  created  duke,  1694;  K.6.,  1698 ;  lord  prii? 
seal,  1705-11.  [xxviL  IW] 

HOLLES,  THOMAS  PELHAM-,  DnKB  opNswcAfliJi- 
npov-TrxB  and  Newcabtue-ukdbBpLtmb  (1693-170)^ 
[See  Pelham.] 


HOTiTiViS 


638 


HOIiME 


K0IUE8  or  EOIUB,  Sir  WILLIAM  (1471  ?-1572), 
lord  mayor  ot  Londtm;  mutet  of  Meroera*  Company, 
IMS:  abexia  of  London,  1637;  knighted,  1588;  lord 
mayor,  li39-40 ;  l«ft  beqoflsta  to  Ooroitry,  the  Mereers* 
CSompuiy,  and  St.  Helen*B,  Bishopegate ;  ancestor  of  earls 
Of  Clare  and  dokas  of  Mewcaftle.  [xxvU.  171] 

HOLLmAT,  JOHN  (1780?-1801),  anthor ;  barrister, 
Uneoln's  Inn,  1771 ;  practised  as  oonyeyaDoer ;  F.R.S. 
and  F.S.A.:  pablisbed  *Life  of  Lord  Mansfield'  (1797) 

[xxviL  171] 


HOLLOrOB,  BDMUND  (15M7-161S),  physician: 
BJL  Qoeeo*s  College,  Oxford,  1575 :  studied  at  Rbeims 
and  Bnne ;  intimate  with  Pits ;  professor  of  medicine  at 
iBgidstadt :  published  medical  works ;  died  at  Ingolstadt. 

[xxvii.  172] 
ECXLUV08,  JOHN  (1688  ?-1789),  physician-Reneral 
irfiXileian  in  ordinary:    M.D.  Magdalene   GoU^e, 
1710 :  F.R^  17W ;  F.R.O.P.,  1726  :  Harreian 
r,  1714.  [xxvii.  172] 


HOXXnrOWOBTH,  RICHARD  (1689  7-1701X  con- 
liniiiiHliliiit;  M.A.  Emmannel  College,  Cambridge,  1662; 
SlDl  1<84  ;  Ticar  of  West  Ham,  1673-82,  of  Gbigwell. 
1N9-1701 ;  pablisbed  pamphlets  in  defence  of  Charles  I's 
of  *  Eucwy  fiaviXunit  and  relssaed  Edward 
h  •  Vindication,'  1698.  [xxvU.  172] 


■OXXnra,  JOHN  (I798-I855),  painter :  A.R.A.,  1842 ; 
tddbited  portraits  and  historiOEd  sabjeots,  and,  later, 
l|an-ptooeA  and  landscapes.  [xxvii.  173] 

BOXUHB.  PETER  (18U0-1886X  sculptor:  son  of  Wil- 
Im  HoUins  [q.  v.]  ;  exhibited  at  Royal  Academy.  His 
««rkB  indode  statues  of  Peel  and  Sir  Rowland  Hill  for 
Ibwingham.  [xxvii.  174] 

HOILDTB,  WILLIAM  (1754-1848),  architect  and 
mlntor;  eoosln  of  John  Hollins  [q.  v.]  ;  designed  public 
(dUiBfi  at  Birmingham  and  plans  for  St.  Petersburg 
lint.  [xxvU.  174] 

lOUOrWOBTH  or  HOLLDfOWOBTH,  RICHARD 
(1I07-16I6X  divine ;  educated  at  Manchester  and  Magiia- 
faROoQege,  (Cambridge;  MJL,  1680;  minister  of  Trinity 
Chspd,  Salford,  1636:  fellow  of  Manchester  (Collegiate 
Chizefa ;  assisted  Richard  Heyrick  [q.  v.]  in  establishing 
IgWMhire  preabyterianism,  which  he  also  defended  cou- 
tronrrially;  imprisoned  on  charge  of  implication  in 
Uvc^  plot,  1651 ;  one  of  Chetham's  feoffees  ;  his  '  Man- 
ttUs*  pilntad,  1839.  [xxvU.  174] 

lOUIB,  AISKEW  PAFFARD  (1764-1814X  vlce- 
adainl ;  present  in;battie  off  Usbant,  1778 ;  lieutenant, 
im ;  voonded  in  action  of  1  June,  1 794  ;  brought  Crescent 
tBto1M)]e  Bay,  1797  ;  commanded  Thames  frigate  at  action 
iff  Gibraltar,  1801 :  served  in  Baltic,  1809 :  vice-admiral, 
1817.  [xxviL  176] 

SOLUB,  GEORGE  (1793-1842),  topographical  en- 
gnver ;  popll  of  George  Cooke  [q.  v.]  [xxvlL  176] 

HOIXIB,  THOMAS  (17S0-1774\  *  republican  * ;  entered 
it  U]ic(dn*a  Inn,  1740;  travdled  much  on  continent: 
|sve  bookB  to  Harvard,  Bame,  and  Zurich,  and  portraits 
«f  5twton  and  Cromwell  to  Trinity  and  Sidney  Sussex 
OoQegeB,  Cambridge :  F.R.8.,  1757;  edited  Toland's  '  Mil- 
ton,' 1761,  Algernon  Sldn^s  works,  1772,  and  other  pub- 
Bcatioos.  [xxvlL  176] 

BOIXIB,  THOMAS  (1818-1848X  aon  and  asslsUnt  of 
6«rge  HoOis  [q.  t.]  [xxvU.  176] 

ROUAHD,  ELLEN  JULIA  (1822-1884),  authoress 
»1  pbtianthropisi ;  mSt  Teed ;  aa  wtf^  of  Robert  Hollond, 
lip.,  held  liberal  salon  in  Paris  ;  published  *  Les  Quakers,' 
1W9;  and  a  work  on  Chauning,  1857 ;  established  first 
3;Mbe  in  London,  1844,  and  nnraes'  home  at  Paris  and 
%t  [xxvU.  177] 

EOXIOVSor  HOLLAVS,  JOHN  (/.  1638-1659),  naval 

*Hter;  paymaster  of  navy  before  1685  till  e.  1642 :  one  of 

QOBomtananen  for  navy,  1642   till  e.  1645;  member  of 

'eommitiee  of  merchants  for   regulation  of  navy  and 

CQstoma,*  1649 ;  anrveyor  of  the  navy,  1649  :  member  of 

terliamcnVa  commission  of  navy,  1649-52  ;  wrote  *  First 

Z>isooaz«e  of  the  Navy,*  1688,  and  'Second  Discourse,' 

1669.  [SnppL  IL  436] 


HOLLOWAT,  BENJAMIN  (1691  ?-1769X  divine;  of 
Westminster  and  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge :  LL.B., 
1718;  F.R.8.,  17S3:  rector  of  Middleton-Stoney  and 
Bladon,  1736-9;  translated  Woodwani'ij  'Naturalis  His- 
torla  Tellurls,'  1726 ;  published  works,  including  *  Prim- 
evity  and  Pre-eminoice  of  Hebrew,*  1764,  and  *  Originals 
physical  and  theological,'  1751.  [xxviL  177] 

HOLLOWAY,  Sir  CHARLES  (1749-1837),  major- 
general,  royal  engineers ;  second-lieutenant,  royal  engi- 
neers, 1776;  lieutenant,  1783;  captain-lieutenant,  1798; 
captain,  1795;  lieutenant-colonel,  1804:  oolond,  1811; 
major-general,  1814;  at  Gibraltar,  1779-83, during  siege; 
brigade-major,  1781 ;  assisted  Major-general  William  Roy 
[q.  v.]  in  survey  triangulationfl,  1784-87  :  commanding 
royal  engineer  in  military  miraion  to  assist  Turks  in  re- 
organisation of  army,  1798 ;  commander  of  Turkish  army 
In  Syria  and  Egypt  against  French,  1801-3;  knighted, 
18U3 ;  commanding  royal  engineer  at  Gibraltar,  1807-17. 

[Suppl.  ii.  437] 

HOLLOWAT,  JAMES  (</.  1684),  conspirator ;  formed 
scheme  for  Improvement  of  linen  manufacture  ;  engaged 
in  extensive  plot  against  government,  himndf  undertak- 
ing (1683)  to  secure  Bristol ;  escaped  by  France  to  Weat 
Indies ;  betrayed  by  his  factor  in  Nevis ;  while  in  Newgate 
wrote  confession ;  refused  trial  and  was  executed  at 
Tyburn.  [xxvii.  178] 

HOLLOWAT,  Sir  RICHARD  (d.  1695  ?),  judge ;  bar- 
rister, Inner  Temple,  1668 :  recorder  of  Wallingford,  1666 ; 
counsel  against  Stephen  CoUesre  [q.  v.],  1681 :  knighted  ; 
judge  of  king's  bench,  1683  ;  member  of  courts  that  tried 
Sidney  and  condemned  Oates  and  Devonshire  for  assault- 
ing Thomas  Colepepper  [q.  v.] ;  dismissed  by  James  II, 
1688,  for  action  In  trial  of  seven  bishops,  excepted  from 
Indemnity  after  revolution.  [xxviL  180] 

HOLLOWAT,  THOMAS  (1748-1837),  engraver;  ex- 
hibited seals  at  Academy ;  engraved  gems  and  miniatures ; 
executed  plates  for  Lavater's  *  Physiognomy,*  171^-98: 
engraved  portraits  after  Pine  and  West  a>nd  five  of 
Raphael's  cartoons.  [xxviL  180J 

HOLLOWAT,  THOMAS  (1800-1888),  patent  madidne 
vendor ;  son  of  Penzance  innkeeper ;  obtained  idea  of 
his  ointment  from  Felix  Alblnolo ;  set  up  in  the  Strand 
as  medicine  vendor,  1889 :  advertised  extensively  in  all 
languages,  but  failed  to  introduce  medicines  into  France; 
made  large  fortune ;  bought  pictures :  endowed  ladiaB* 
college  at  Egham  and  sanatorium  at  Virginia  Water. 

[xxviL  181] 

HOLLOWAT,  WILLIAM  CJUTHBERT  (1787-1850). 
[See  Elphinstone-Hollowat.] 

HOLLTDAT,   SAMUEL  (1685-1739).      [See  Hau- 

DAY.] 

HOLLTWOOD  or  SACBOBOBOO,  CHRISTOPHER 
(1563-1616).    [See  Holywood.] 

HOLXAK,  FRANCIS  (Jl.  1760-1790),  marine  painter ; 
exhibited  with  Free  Socie^,  1767-72,  and  Royal  Academy, 
1774-84.  [xxvlL  182] 

HOLKAB,  JAMES  (1786-1857),  blind  traveller; 
travelled  unattended  In  Europe,  Siberia,  Africa,  America, 
and  Australasia;  published  *  Voyage  round  the  Worid 
(1827-33),'  1834-5,  and  other  narratives.       [xxviL  183] 

HOLMAN,  JOSEPH  GEORGE  (1764-1817),  actor  and 
dramatist ;  of  (Queen's  College,  Oxford ;  at  Covent  CHurden, 
1784-1800,  played  Romeo,  Macbeth,  Chamont  (*The 
Orphan*),  Hamlet;  *  created*  Harry  Domton  in  *Road 
to  Ruin,^  1793 ;  drew  up  statement  of  grievanoes  of  chief 
actors,  1800;  acted  in  his  own  *What  a  Blunder'  at 
Hay  market,  1800  (prodnoed  at  Covent  (harden,  1803) ;  re- 
appeared at  Haymarket,  1813 ;  with  his  daughter  played 
at  New  York,  Philaddpbla,  and  Charleston  In  ^llie 
Provoked  Husband*;  died  in  Long  island;  published 
comedies  and  comic  operas.  [xxviL  183] 

HOLHAN,  WILLIAM  (d.  1730),  Essex  antiquary; 
his  collections  used  by  Morant;  compiled  catalogue  of 
JekyU  MSS.  [xxvU.  185] 

HOLKE,  BENJAMIN  (1683-1749),  quaker;    visited 

*  Friends*  and  preached  in  Ireland.  Holland  (1714),  the 
West  Indies   (1719),   Jersey,   and   America;    published 

*  Tender  Invitation  and  CalW  1713,  with  other  rdigious 
works ;  *  A  Serious  Call  in  Christian  Love  *  (1735X  and  an 
autobiography,  published  in  1758.  [xxviL  186] 


HOIiME 


684 


HOIiT 


HOUIB,  BDWARD  (1770-1847),  physician:  M.D. 
Ley  den,  1798  :  physician  to  Manchester  innrmary ;  preai- 
deut  of  Literary  and  Philosophical  Society  (1844),  Natural 
History  and  Chetham  societies ;  first  president  of  medical 
section  at  British  Association,  1831 ;  left  large  beqaest 
and  library  to  Uniyersity  College,  London.  [xxviL  186] 

HOLME,  HANDLE  (1671-1655),  depaty  to  (College  of 
Arms  for  Cheshire,  Shropshire,  and  North  Wales  ;  mayor 
of  Chester,  16S3-4.  [xxviL  186] 

HOLME,  RANDLB  (1601  ?-1659X  genealogist;  son 
of  Randle  Holme  (1571-1655)  [q.  t.]  ;  sheriff  of  Chester, 
1633-4 ;  mayor,  1643-4 ;  added  to  Holme  collection  of 

MSS.  [xxviL  187] 

HOLME,  RANDLE  (1687-1699),  principal  oontribator 
to  Holme  MSS. ;  son  of  Randle  Holme  (1601  7-1659) 
[q.  ▼.]:  deputy  Garter  for  Cheshire,  Shropshire,  Lan- 
cashire, and  North  Wales  ;  published  *  The  Academy  of 
Armory,'  1688.  [xxviu  187] 

HOLME,  RANDLE  (d.  1707),  completer  of  family 
manuscripts ;  son  of  Randle  Holme  (1637-1699)  [q.  t.]  ; 
manuscripts  acquired  by  British  Museum,  1753. 

[xxvii.  187] 

HOLMES,  ABRAHAM  (d.  1685),  rebel :  anabaptist 
major  in  Monck's  army ;  arrested  for  conspiracy  against 
Charles  II,  1660;  imprisoned  at  Windsor,  1664-7;  en- 
gaged in  Argyll's  plot,  1681-8 ;  accompanied  Monmouth 
to  England  and  commanded  battalion  at  Sedgemoor, 
1685 ;  executed.  [xxrU.  188] 

HOLMES,  ALFRED  (1837-1876X  vioUnUt  and  com- 
poser :  with  his  brother  Henry  played  Kalliwoda's  double 
concerto,  1858,  and  distinguished  himself  by  rendering  of 
Spohr's  music  during  concert  tours  in  Belgium,  Gtermany 
(1856X  Austria,  -Sweden,  Denmark,  Holland,  and  Paris, 
where  he  settled,  1864  ;  produced  at  St.  Petersburg  sym- 
phony 'Jeanne  d'Arc,*  1868,  'Jeunesse  de  Shakespeare,* 
and  other  works  given  in  Paris ;  died  at  Paris. 

[xxvil.  188] 

HOLMES,  CHARLES  (1711-1761).  rear-admiral; 
commanded  Stromboli  In  Carthagena  expedition,  1741 ; 
took  part  in  action  with  Spanish  In  Onlf  of  Florida,  1748 ; 
member  of  court-martial  on  Byng,  1757 ;  cut  enemy's  com- 
munications In  the  Ems,  1758;  rear-admiral,  1758;  third 
in  command  under  Sir  Charles  Saunders  [q.  v.]  in  St. 
Lawrence,  1759 :  oommandcr-in-chlef  at  Jamaica,  1760-1 ; 
monument  in  Westminster  Abbey.  [xxvii.  189] 

HOLMES,  BDWARD  (1797-1859).  writer  on  music; 
friend  of  Keats  and  Charles  Cowden  Clarke  [q.  v.]  ;  with 
Vincent  Novello  [q.  v.]  raised  subscription  for  Mozart's 
widow ;  published  *  Ramble  among  Musicians  of  Ger- 
many '  (1898),  and  lives  of  Mozart  (1845)  and  Purcell ; 
composed  songs.  [xxvii.  190] 

HOLMES,  GBORGB  (/.  1678-1715X  organist  at  Lin- 
coln, 1704-15 ;  grandson  of  John  Holmes (>l.  1603)  [q.  v.]  : 
contributed  to  *  Musical  Companion,'  1673;  composed 
anthems  and  songs.  [xxvU.  190] 

HOLMES,  GEORGE  (1668-1749X  deputy-keeper  of 
the  Tower  records ;  F.R.S.  and  F.S.A. ;  prepared  first 
seventeen  volumes  of  Bjmer's  *  Fcndera,'  1737-35. 

[xxvll.  191] 

HOLMES,  JA3IES  (1777-1860),  water-colour  painter 
and  miniaturist;  exhibited  with  Society  of  British 
Artistfs  1829-^9 ;  his  two  miniatures  of  Byron  engraved. 

[xxvil.  191] 

HOLMES,  JOHN  (/.  1603),  composer ;  organist  of 
Winchester  and  SaUsbury  (1603-lOX  [xxvlL  191] 

HOLMES,  Sir  JOHN  (1640  7-1683),  admiral ;  brother 
of  Sir  Robert  Holmes  [q.  v.] ;  commanded  the  Paul  at 
Lowe*tofU  1665,  and  in  fight  of  June,  1666  ;  commanded 
the  Bristol  in  fight  of  36  July,  1666;  served  under  Sir 
Edward  Spragge  [q.  v.]  in  Algerine  war,  1670-1 ;  wounded 
in  fight  with  Dutch  Smjrma  fieet,  1678,  and  knighted ; 
commanded  the  Rupert  at  Solebay,  1673,  and  in  tmttlea  of 
1673 ;  commander  in  the  Downs,  1677-9 ;  M.P.,  Newtown 
( li^le  of  WlghtX  1677-83.  [xxvU.  192] 

HOLMES,  JOHN  (1800-1854X  antiquary  ;  adviser  ot 
Bertram,  earl  of  Ashbumham,  collector  of  manuscripts ; 
compiled  catalogue  of  manusoripts,  maps,  and  plans  in 
British  Museum,  1844;  edited  Evdyn's  *Life  of  Mrs. 
(Jodolphin,*  1847,  Cavendish's  *  Wolsey,*  1853,  and  Words- 
y<  orth's  •  Eoolesiastical  Biofraphy,'  1858.     [xxvii.  193] 


HOLMES,  JOHN  BECK  (1767-1848>  Moravian  VUbn 
of  Fnlneck;  published  historical  works  coooemiag  la 
church.  [xxvlL  1«] 


HOLMES  or  HOMES,    NATHANIEL  (in9-167g), 

Euritan  divine ;  B.A.  Exeter  (Mlege,  Oxford,  1630 :  lU. 
[agdalen  Hall,  1688 ;  DJ>.  Exeter  OxUqge,  16r :  joiaed 
Henry  Burton  [q.  v.]  in  founding  ind^oidcut  oa^R- 
gation,  1648 ;  poUishied  millenarian  vrarb. 

[xxviL  193] 
HOLMES,  Sir  ROBERT (1632-1693),  admiral;  lemd 
under  Prince  Rupert  in  civil  war ;  governor  of  Sandovn 
Castle,  1660;  seised  Dutch  poaaeacions  on  Guinea  coast  aal 
in  North  America,  1664 ;  oaptain  of  the  Revenge  at  battk 
of  Lowestoft,  1665 ;  kn^hted,  1666 ;  rear-admiral  of  tbe 
red,  1666;  distinguished  in  light  of  1^  Jane,  1$K; 
fought  dnd  with  Sir  Jeremiah  Smith  or  Smyth  [q.T.j 
arising  out  of  his  conduct  in  fight  oi  85  July,  1666;  d6 
stroyed  shipping  and  stores  at  7Ue  and  ScbeHing ;  aiminl 
at  Portamonth,  1667 ;  one  of  BocUngham's  seooods  ia 
duel  with  Shrewsbury ;  governor  of  Isle  of  Wight,  1«>: 
attacked  Dutch  Smyrna  fleet  in  Channel,  1673;  took 
part  in  battle  at  Solebay,  1673;  M.P.,  Wlneberter, 
Yarmouth  (Isle  of  Wight),  and  Newport.     [xxviL  114] 

HOLMES,  ROBERT  (1748-1805X  biblical  scholar; 
of  Winchester  and  New  (College,  Oxford;  fellow;  ILL, 
1774;  D.D.,  1789;  first  winner  of  ohanodlor^s  priu 
for  Latin  verse,  1769;  rector  of  Stanton  SL  Jobo: 
Bampton  lecturer,  1783;  professor  of  poetry,  1783: 
collated  Septuagint,  1788-1805 ;  prebendary  of  Salisborr. 
Hereford,  and  Christ  Church ;  dean  of  Winchester,  U04: 
F.R.8.,  1797:  published  poems,  theological  works,  and 
annual  accounts  of  his  ooUectlons.  [xxviL  187] 

HOLMES,  ROBERT  (1765-1859X  Irish  towTcr: 
brother-in-law  of  Robert  Emmet  [q.  v.];  it,A,  Trtiutj 
College,  Dublin,  1787 ;  imprisoned  <«  snspician  of  nM- 
lion,  1808 ;  defended  John  Mitchel,  1848 ;  pabUsbal  aati- 
union  pamphlets.  [xxviL  IW] 

HOLMES,  THOMAS  (<f.  1638),  musical  oomposcr: 
gentleman  of  the  Chapel  BoyaL  1638.  [xxviL  IM] 

HOLMES,  WILLIAM  (1689-1748),  dean  of  Bxeter: 
educated  at  Merchant  Taylors*  School;  Mlov  of  9t 
John's  CoUege,  Oxford,  1710:  M.A.,  1715;  prt>ctor,  17S1 ; 
B.D. ;  president  of  St.  John's  College,  Oxfora,  1738;  Tic«- 
chanceillor,  1733-5 ;  revived  the  act  and  invited  Haodri  to 
play  at  Oxford,  1738 ;  regius  professor  of  history,  173^ 
1743 ;  dean  of  Exeter,  1743-8 ;  left  estates  to  his  ooOepe. 

[xxviL  198] 

HOLMES,  WILLIAM  (d.  1851%  thirty  ytan  Uk7 
whip  ;  B.A.  Trinity  CioUege,  Dublin,  1795;  served  in  (be 
army:  M.P.,  Gxampoond,  1808-13,  Tregony,  UIMB^ 
Totnes,  1819-30,  Bishop's  Castle,  1880-80;  Haslaner^ 
1830-3,  Berwick,  1887-41;  treasurer  of  tbe  oidmooe, 
1880-80.  [xxviL  IW] 

HOLMES,  WILLIAM  ANTHONY  (178S-1843). 
chancellor  of  Casbel ;  scholar  of  Trinity  College,  DubiiD ; 
B.A.,  1803 ;  D.D.,  1834 :  incumbent  of  Holywood,  Dotd, 
1810,  of  Ballyroan,  1818,  and  Core  Abbey.  1838 ;  duuh 
oeUor  of  Oashel,  1833 ;  bdped  to  found  Mendicity  lo- 
stitution,  Belfast ;  pnbUahed  pamphleta.     [xxviL  SOO] 

HOLROTD,  SIR  OEOROE  SOWLEY  (1758-18»). 
judge  ;  educated  at  Harrow;  special  pleader,  1779-^: 
barrister,  Gray's  Inn,  1878 ;  appeared  for  Burdett  agiiiut 
Speaker  Abbott^  1811 ;  commif>8ioner  to  Oneroiey,  IM; 
judge  of  king's  bench,  1816-38.  [xxviL  30O] 

HOLBOYD,  JOHN  BARER,  firt>t  Earl  of  Sref* 
FiKLD  (1735-1831V,  statesman  and  friend  of  Gibbeo: 
purchased  Shefllild  Place,  Soiwex,  1769 ;  raised  and  ooo* 
maitdel  dragoon  regiment;  MJ*.,  Coventry,  17iiU-S. 
Bristol,  1783-1803 ;  active  in  suppressing  Gordon  rioU. 
1780  ;  created  Irish  baron,  1781  ;  ci«ated  Eari  of  StiA- 
field  and  Viscount  Pevenaey  in  peerage  of  Ireland,  1816; 
British  peer,  1803:  president  of  board  of  agriculture, 
1803;  privy  oouucillor,  1809;  lord  of  boaid  of  ti»^ 
1809 ;  published  pamphlets  on  social  and  comiDercial 
questions;  edited  Gibbon's  * MisoeUaneoas  Works,' 17)$> 
and  *  Memoirs,'  1836.  [xxviL  MO] 

HOLST,  THEODORE  Yov  (1810-1844X    [See  Tos 

HOLST.] 

HOLT,  FRANCIS  LUDLOW  (1780-1844X  M 
writer:  of  Westminster  and  Christ  Church,  Oxfonl: 


I 

\ 


HOIiT  6S1 

Ulc  Tfnple.  18M ;  S.O,  ISSl :  tisiORr  ot 
%  IS40 :  Tice-cbuacellnr  n(  Laiieuter,  IBM- 
ml  '  Lav  or  Liber  (ISlt-lH16),  Dill  prlllf 
-II.  tbipiitDit  Ikwi.  1X20,  banknipt  lawi, 
■tUud  welinin'  (nunedjr),  ISut. 

[«iit  SOJ] 
DT  (Its;  7-1960).    [SeeHoLusD.] 
OHN   (d.    1*1»\  JD&gs :    kln^i  MrjMnt, 
-'    -' n  pin*.  1>M  :  Jmlght-hiiiiocret, 


(JTll  -  irwx 
tt  India  CompAQj.  U33-4S  ; 


9  InUnd.  1388,  f[ 


[IT 


llnre,  Oiford;  ImrrirttT,  Qmjr'j  lim,   las; 

cram  aKniiut  S(ii«ibj  Detbel  [ii.  '.I.  fi 
1,  And  for  EbA  IuUa  Compuiy  again 
I;  reoorder  irf  London,  tSS0-7:  'knif^lile 
nriauit,  ItH :  ILP.  B«Milrtan :  I-  -    -  - 


,   WILLI&M  (17M~lTNh  c\MMrai  cnm- 

plto;  M.A.  Chriat.Ohuiet,  Oitoni,  1J*B:  B.D.,  UW: 
_. .^  — . -Kl  oh«pl»in  to  Oeorge  III ;  Dompltad 


BARTBN  (ll»J-l«l), 


__ ad  during  «T«» _ 

HOUAg  {I»T8?-le»X  aroblteot:  dmgned 
egft,  Oxford,  and  ffratqiudnDglB  of  the  ex- 
K»li  (BOW  part  ot  tbc  BodlBian> 

[ixTlI.n?] 
riLLIAU  (IMI-leM),  jamlC  ;  B.A.  BnK- 
Olfoid.  ISM:  felLo-  of  Oriel,  1M8;  M.A, 
I  At  Douaj,  1674-fl  ;  }Hult  DDTloe,  ICTfl  ; 
:li  LcoTioi  tn  f^oaUand,    IsSl-li    ttrmua 

lab  inflllHlO^  IMS,  but  allowed  (o  eKap«;  il^T"  i—,——,  — ".V>""""T^".  "  "■■"" 
iltih  (slleea,  Borne,  1W«-T ;  Spaqiah  te«al  P"lo«  i  ImprHonel  by  Bngllth  go'ernu. 
»Se-»a ;  ditd  at  BaroeloBa.       [iiill.  3081         !™;'"?.'i^.  ,"?"  I  wten  .aptnor  o(  jew 


natinm  Btjmologlcuni  lACinam'  (l«ai)«n.  

■on,  117;.  [iirU.  llf  ] 

HOLTOAKX,  HENRY  (IUT-1711),  hCKl-maiUr  ot 
Rd^jr;  un  ot  TlLomaa  Holjoake  tq,  t.]  ;  -■- — ■-■-  -' 
U«jd<>len  College,  Oifonl.  Ie«t-Wl;  M.A,,  : 
muster  ot  Rugby.  18X7-1711  ;  held  tbm  Warwicbbin 
llTlngi :  left  money  to  poor  ol  Rogb;  and  to  Magdalen 
College.  [III*.  318] 

HOLYOAZE,  THOUAS  (lalB?-I«7B),  divln«:  Ma 
ot  Fnocia  Holyoake  [q.  I.} ;  ILA.,  IMS,  and  obaplain, 
Qmcn'i  College^  Oxford :  oaptatn  ctf  flndergradmtc 
royalWa ;  practised  mellidne  till  llatoratlon  ;  pj^ndar/ 
ot  WolvErhampton.  [iirU.  31S] 

HOLYWOOD,  OBRISTOPHER  <16et-l«ls).  jeaolt: 


,  BICUARD  aoU-IUO),  Jesuit :  ol  0am- 
3an  Hall,  OiEoid  :  on  Bnglisb  lainlDn  in 
11^  joEoed  jftidica,  1AB3;  aaperior  of  Soote 
Dt-k-U ounoD,  Its?-* :  Ttoe-prefeot  at  Sag- 
ltat-»:  Ibough  ait;  join  Id  Eniluid  oerer 
blfl  Bocooot  ot  perseoution  In  tbc  north  In 
Hible*  o<  ODT  Oitbolic  ForelUbeni.' 

[imitSO*] 
lOBH   tJL  ItU),  uUior  of  Hnt   lAtin 
■^-•ind  (printed  bj  Wynkyn  deWotde,  t 
I,  inO);  fellov  of  Magdalen  College, 


HOLYWOOD    a    HALIFUC,     JOIT>'.    In     IsLin 
-     ;o  (y(.  IMU),  matbenialicim; 
'Tmctatui  de  Spbcra'  (Ant 


died  U,  Peril 
'  Algodamus  *  1 


A  trequcnUy  translated;  I 


HOME 


636 


HOMEK 


HOKE,  ALEXANDER,  third  Baron  Homb  (d.  1516), 
lord  high  chamberlain  of  Scotland :  son  of  Alexander 
Home  or  Hame,  second  baron  [q.  t.]  :  lord  high  cham- 
berlain, 1506 :  as  warden  of  the  borders  invaded  North- 
amberland,  151S  :  with  Hantly  commanded  van  at  Flod- 
den,  1513 ;  as  chief -justice  sooth  of  Forth,  1514,  proposed 
to  recall  Albany :  joined  Angus  against  him  and  intngned 
with  England  and  Arran ;  pardoned,  but  arrested  at 
Edinburgh,  and  beheaded  by  the  regent  Albany. 

[xxvii.  219] 

HOHB,  ALEXANDER,  fifth  Baron  Homr  (d.  1575) ; 
succeeded  his  father,  Qeorge  Home,  fourth  baron  [q.  ▼.]* 
1547,  while  prisoner  after  Pinkie:  recaptured  his  castle, 
1548;  assisted  French  at  Haddington;  warden  of  east 
marches,  1560 :  commissioner  for  treaty  of  Upsettlington, 
1559 ;  made  privy  councillor  by  Mary  Queen  of  Soots, 
1561 ;  supported  her  tiU  the  Both  well  marriage ;  tried  to 
capture  Bothwell  at  Borthwick,  1567  :  prominent  at  Gar- 
berry  Hill,  1567 ;  prevented  Mary*s  escape  at  Edinburgh : 
member  of  regent's  council  on  Mary's  abdication  ;  fought 
in  van  at  Langside,  1568 :  saved  Moray  from  capture, 
1569  ;  rejoined  queen's  party  after  his  death ;  Kirkcaldy's 
lieutenant  during  siege  of  Edinburgh  Oastle;  died  in 
prison.  [xxvii.  221] 

HOHB  or  Him,  ALEXANDER,  sixth  Baron  and 
first  Earl  op  Home  (1566  7-1619),  son  of  Alexander,  fifth 
baron  Home  [q.  v.] :  wardoi  of  the  east  marches,  1582-99  ; 
engaged  in  raid  of  Ruthven,  1582 ;  imprisoned,  1583-4,  for 
brawl  with  Francis  Stewart  Hepburn,  fifth  earl  of  Both> 
well  [q.  v.] ;  co-operated  with  Bothwell  against  Arran 
and  befriended  him  in  disgrace ;  as  captain  of  James  V  I's 
bodyguard  aided  him  against  Bothwell :  excommunicated 
as  a  papist,  but  absolved  on  subscribing  confession  of 
faith,  1593 ;  lord  of  the  articles,  1594  ;  with  James  in  the 
Tolbooth,  1596  ;  accompanied  James  to  England  and  be- 
came lieutenant  of  the  marches,  1603 ;  created  Earl  of 
Home,  1605.  [xxvii.  223] 

HOKE,  DANIEL  DUNGLAS  (1833-1886),  spiritualiMt 
medium ;  related  to  the  earls  of  Home ;  whue  in  OOnuec- 
ticut  claimed  to  be  warned  by  tdepathy  of  his  mother's 
death ;  turned  out  of  the  house  by  his  aunt  on  account  of 
alleged  spiritualistic  rappings ;  his  t^noei  attended  by 
well-known  Americans,  uicloding  William  Oulten  Bryant 
and  Judge  Edmonds ;  said  to  have  been  '  levitated,*  1652, 
at  house  of  Ward  Oheney  ;  came  to  England,  1855  ;  pheno- 
mena attested  by  Sir  David  Brewster ;  $ianee»  att^ed  by 
Sir  Edward  Bulwer  and  the  Brownings ;  while  in  Italy 
became  a  Roman  catholic ;  held  Uanoes  before  sovereigns 
of  France,  Prussia,  and  Holland,  1857-8 ;  held  a^ncet  in 
London  at  houses  of  Thomas  Milner-Gibson  [q.  v.]  and 
other  well-known  persons,  1860-1 ;  expelled  from  Rome  as 
a  sorcerer,  1884;  secretary  of  Spiritual  Atbensom  in 
London,  1866;  his  *  levitations  *  in  England  attested  by 
Lord  Lindsay  (earl  of  Chrawford),  Lord  Adare  (earl  of 
Dunraven),  and  Mrs.  Samuel  Carter  Hall ;  followed  (Ger- 
man army  from  Sedan  to  Versailles,  1870 ;  convinced  (Sir) 
William  Orookes,  F.R.Sm  by  submitting  to  tests  in  full 
light.  18n ;  published  'Incidents  of  My  Lif^'  (1868  and 
1872),  and,  with  William  Howitt, '  Lights  and  Shadows  of 
Spiritualism  *  (1877) ;  died  at  AuteuiL  [xxvii.  226] 

HOKE,  SiREVBEARD,  first  baronet(1756- 18821  sur- 
geon ;  king's  scholar  at  Westminster,  1770 ;  pupil  of  John 
Hunter ;  F.R.S.,  1785 ;  lecturer  on  anatomy,  1792,  and 
surgeon  to  St.  George's  Hospital,  1793-1827 ;  keeper  of 
Hunterian  collection :  master  (1818)  and  first  president 
(1821)  of  Royal  OoUege  of  Surgeons ;  Hunterian  orator, 
1814  and  1822 ;  created  baronet,  1818 :  surgeon  to  (Chelsea 
Hospital,  1821-32 ;  destroyed  Hunter's  manuscripts  after 
utilising  them ;  edited  Hunter's  "  Treatise  on  the  Blood,' 
prefixing  short  life,  1794 ;  published  *  Lectures  on  Gom- 
parative  Anatomy/ 1814,  and  other  medical  works. 

[xxvii.  227] 

HOKE,  FRANCIS  (1719-1813),  professor  of  materia 
medica  at  Edinburgh ;  studied  medicine  at  Edinburgh ; 
Burgeon  of  dragoons  in  seven  years*  war;  M.D.  Bdin- 
bargh,  1750;  professor  of  materia  medica,  1768-98;  put>- 
llshed  *  Prinoipia  Medicinas,'  1758,  and  other  works. 

[xxvii.  228] 

HOKE,  GEORGE,  fourth  Baron  Homk  (d.  1547X 
brother  of  Alexander  Home,  third  baron  [q.  v.] ;  was  re- 
stored to  title  and  lands,  1522 ;  frustrated  Scott  of  Buc- 
cleiigh's  attempt  on  James  V,  1526 ;  joined  Argyll  against 
Angrus,  1528 :  helped  to  defeat  BngUsh  at  Haddenrig,  1542 ; 
routed  by  Grey,  1547.  [zxviL  229] 


HOKB  or  HUKB,  6iR  GEORGE,  Earl  of  Dvxbar 
(d.  1611),  lord  high  treasurer  of  Scotland ;  of  Primro- 
knows,  afterwards  of  Spott :  accompanied  James  YI  to 
Denmark,  1589 ;  master  of  the  wardrobe,  1590 :  ally  d 
Maitland  and  opponent  of  Bothwdl :  special  luiTy  cocm- 
oillor,  1598 ;  loi^  high  treasurer,  1602  ;  created  an  Eng- 
lish baron,  1604,  and  Scottish  earl,  1006  ;  oommimiooerctf 
the  border  for  both  kingdoms,  1606  ;  managed  for  JaiMs 
the  Linlithgow  trial  (1606),  Glasgow  assembly  (1610),  aid 
measures  for  introduction  of  episcopacy  in  Scotland :  KX>n 

I  1608 ;  obtained  oonfeasion  from  George  Sprott,  1608,  and 
James  Elphinstone,  first  baxon  Balmerino  [q.  v.] 

[xxviL23u] 
HOKE,  HENRY,  Lord  Kames  (1696-1782X  Scott^.^h 

'  judge  and  author ;  called  to  Soots  isar,  1724 ;  pabli^bed 

*  Remarkable  Decisions  of  Ck>urt  of  Session'  (1716-2SI, 
:  1728  ;  lord  of  session  as  Lord  Kames,  1752  ;  lord  of  }o^-t;- 
:  ciary,  1763-82 ;  charged  with  heresy  on  account  of  h» 

'  Essays  on  the  IMnoiples  of  Morality  and  Xatnral  M- 
gion'  (1751),  written  against  Home:  hia  *Elane&tiof 
Criticism*  (1762)  praised  by  Dugald  Stewart:  publisbed 
also  '  Sketches  of  History  of  Man,*  1774, '  The  Gcntknaa 
Farmer,*  1776,  and  many  legal  and  historical  worics. 

[xxvii.  «5] 
HOKE,  Sm  JAMBS,  OF  Goldikokxows,  third  Earl 
OP  HoiOE  (<f.  1666X  succeeded  as  earl,  1633 :  at  fin»t  i 
covenanter  ;  signed  band  at  Oumtiernauld,  1641,  lod 
thenceforth  supported  the  king  ;  served  under  HamiltoD 
at  Preston,  1648;  his  estates  sdzed  by  Cromwell;  re- 
instated, 1661,  and  named  privy  councillor  of  ScoUaDd; 
member  of  high  commission,  1664.  [xxviL  234] 

HOKB,  JAMES  (1758-1842),  professor  of  mstena 
medica,  Edinburgh,  1798,  in  sucoeasion  to  his  father, 
Francis  Home  [q.  v.] ;  profenor  of  medicine  at  Edin- 
burgh, 1821-42.  [xxviL  W\ 

HOKB,  JOHN  (1722-1806),  author  of  'Dooglai': 
educated  at  Leith  grammar  school  and  Edinburgh  Uoi- 
versity ;  volunteer,  1745 ;  captured  at  Falkirk,  1746 : 
minister  of  Athelstanaford,  1747 ;  intimate  with  Haiu, 
Robertson,  and  the  poet  Collins ;  his  *Doaglu'  (rejected 
by  Garrick)  performed  in  Edinburgh,  1756,  and  piodaoed 
by  Rich  at  Covent  Garden,  1757 ;  lesigned  his  minijterial 
charge,  owing  to  proceedings  of  presbytery,  1757 :  pritau: 
secretary  to  Bute  and  tutor  to  Prince  of  Wales:  hi'> 

*  Agis '  (previously  rejected)  produced  by  Garrick  at  Dnu? 
Lane,  1758;  his  'Si^^e  of  Aquilda '  (1760)  and  'Fatal 
Discovery '  (1769)  failures ;  received  pension  from  Geo^ 
III  and  sinecure  from  Bute ;  his  *  Alonzo'  played  sncoes^ 
fully  by  Mrs.  Barry,  1778,  but '  Alfred '  (1778)  a  faaore: 
settled  at  Edinburgh,  1779,  and  was  visited  by  Scott: 
published  'History  of  Rebellion  of  1745,'  1803:  «<iriu 
edited  by  Henry  Maekensie,  1822.  [xxviL  tiS] 

HOKB,  ROBERT  (d.  1836  ?X  painter ;  brother  of  Sr 
Bverard  Home  [q.  v.] ;  exhibited  at  the  Academj  and  at 
Dublin  ;  chief  painter  to  king  of  Oode ;  died  at  Calciitu. 

[xxvii.  238] 

HOKE,  ROBERT  (1837-1879X  ookmel  of  rojal  eop- 
neers;  ably  reported  on  defence  of  Canadian  froatier, 
1864 ;  deputy- assistant  .quartermaster-general  at  Aldff- 
shot,  1865  ;  secretary  to  royal  engineers'  committee,  1^0: 
commanded  royal  engineers  in  Ashanti  war,  1873 ;  assistairt 
quartermaster-general  at  headquarters,  1876 :  rqwrted  on 
defence  of  Constantinople ;  published  *  PrMs  of  Modern 
Tactics,*  1878.  [xxvii.  »8] 

HOKE,  WILLIAM,  eighth  Earl  op  Horn  (<f.  17«1X 
soldier;  served  under  (5ope  (1745)  and  commanded 
Glasgow  volunteer  regiment,  1745  ;  liaitenant-geoent ; 
governor  of  Gibraltar,  1757-61 ;  Scottish  representatiw 
peer.  [xxviL  239] 

HOKEK,  ARTHUR  (1758-1806),  author  of  'Bibli^ 
graphia  Americana,*  1789 ;  son  of  Henry  Homer  t^« 
elder  [q.  v.] ;  fellow  of  Magdalen  CMlege,  Oxford.  Xl*-- 
1802  ;  M.A.,  1781 ;  D.D..  1797.  [xxviL  SlO] 

HOKEE,  HENRY,  the  elder  (in9-1791),  Mtborrf 
works  on  enolceures ;  M.A.  Magdalen  College,  Osfop^ 
1743 ;  rector  of  Birdingbnry.  [xxviL  m 

HOKEB,  HENRY,  the  younger  (1753-1791),  f^*^ 
scholar  and  friend  of  Dr.  Parr;  ddest  son  of  Hno 
Homer  the  elder  [q.  v.] ;  fellow  of  Emmanuel  Ooll<«^ 
Cambridge,  1778-88 ;  M.A.,  1776 ;  RD.,  1788 ;  edited  Tadtns 
(1790),  Llvy  (1794),  Ovid*s  *Heroides*  (1789X  P«»^ 
(1789),  SaUast  (1789),  and  Caesar  (1790).       [xxviL  340] 


DO  engraveii  porinuiis ;  a<«  AinBieramm,  lovt- 

[zzTii.  848] 

[ORAOE  (1756-1826X  mlniatore-painter ;  sod 
Hone  [q.  t.]  ;  exhibited  at  Academy,  1778- 
Dablin  ;  A.ILA^  1799.  [zxrii.  848] 

JOHN  CAMILLUS  (d.  18871  miniatare- 
lodon  and  the  East  Indies ;  brother  of  Horace 

[zztU.  343] 

S^ATHANIEL  (1718-1784)«  portrait-painter ; 
taly;  excelled  in  enamel-painting;  exhibited 
'  of  Artists:  an  original  H.A.;   caricatured 

*Tbe  Conjuror/  1776;  painted  also  Wbite- 
Tesley,  Sir  John  Fielding,  and  his  son,  John 
^  [<!•  ▼•]!  M  *  David  *  and '  Spartan  Boy.' 

[xxTit  842] 
WILLIAM  (1780-1848),  author  and  book- 
oenoed  publishing  (1817)  political  satires  on 
ent  (incloding '  John  Wilkes's  Catechism '  and 
unit's  Creed'),  illustrated  by  Craikshank; 
jc  his*  PoUtical  Litany,*  bat  acquitted,  1817  ; 
•lie  sabscription,  set  np  shop  in  Lodgate  Hill, 
shank  illostnted  his  *PoliUcal  Hooae  that 
1819,*  Man  in  the  Moon,*  1880,  *  Bank-Restrio- 
ter,*  1880,  *  PoUtical  Showman,*  1881,  *  Facetiae 
inies,'  1887;  his  *  Apocryphal  New  Testa- 
)  attacked  in  *  Quarterly  Keriew  * ;  published 
prints,  *  Ancient  Mysteries,*  1883,  *  Every  Day 
•7  (dedicated  to  Lamb  and  praised  by  Scott 
'),  and* Table  Book,'  1887-8;  edited  Btmtt's 
Fastimes,'  1830;  *  Early  Life  and  Conversion 
lone,  by  Himself,'  edited  by  his  son,  1841. 

[xxviL  843] 

OEORGB  (1888-1880),  actor  and  vocalist; 
era  till  1868 ;  afterwards  took  eccentric  r6les, 
es  in  Robertson's  *  Caste,*  and  Cheviot  HiU  in 
fs  *  Engaged.*  [xxviL  847] 

LAURA  (1816 7-1848),  actress;  very  suc- 
yche  in  *  Cupid  *  and  as  Lnrline  (Adelphi)  ;  at 

London  played  in  *The  Waterman'  and 
1  the  Tuft.'  and  sang  *  My  beautiful  Rhine.' 

[xxviL  847] 
Et,  Mra.  MARIA  (1818-1870X  actress;  tUe 
excelled  in  pathetic  parts;  played  Rosalie 
Edmund  Kean ;  played  Julia  in  *  The  Hunch- 
;  married  Robert  William  Honner  [q.  v.], 
place  of  Mrs.  Yates.  [xzviU  848] 

Et,  ROBERT  WILLIAM  (1809-1868X  actor 
r;  played  under  Andrew  Ducrow,  Qrimakli, 
mjamin  W^Mrter,  and  Davidge;  lessee  of 
Is,  1836-40 :  manager  of  the  Surr^,  1835-8, 

[xxvii.  848] 

[VB,  Satxt  (d.  653X  fifth  archbishop  of  Can- 
□aecrated  by  Paulinus  at  Lincoln,  688 ;  exei^ 
ctiom  ovet  Kent  and  East  Anglia. 

[xxvii.  849] 


HOOD,  Laot  (1783-1868).  [See  Stkwari^Mac- 
Kcszix,  Maria  Euzabrtu  Fekdehica.] 

HOOD,  ALEXANDER  (1768-1798)  navy  captain; 
brother  of  Sir  Samuel  Hood  (1768-1814)  [q.  v.]  ;  served  on 
the  Resolntioci  in  Captain  Cook's  second  voyage,  1778; 
oaptaln  of  the  Barfleor  off  Cape  Henry,  1781,  and  St. 
Kitts,  1788 :  fought  at  battle  of  Dominica,  1788 :  cap- 
tured the  CMk  ;  put  ashore  by  Spitbead  mutineers,  1797 ; 
captured  the  Hercule  oft  the  Dec  du  Rax,  but  was  killed ; 
epitaph  by  Souther  <m  monument  at  Butleigh. 

[xxviL  868] 

HOOD,  ALEXANDER,  first  Vircount  Bridpobt 
(1787-1814),  admiral ;  brother  of  Samuel  Hood,  first  vis- 
count Hood  [q.  v.]  ;  flag-captain  to  Sir  Charles  Saonders 
[q.  v.]  in  Mediterranean,  1766-9 ;  took  part  in  Hawke's 
victory  of  80  Nov.  1769 ;  captured  the  Warwick  in  Bay  of 
Biscay,  1761 ;  trea^nrorof  Groen>vich,  1766 ;  oomnianded  the 
Robust  at  Ushant,  1777,  and  gave  evidence  in  favour  of 
Palllser  against  Keppel ;  assisted  in  relief  of  Gibraltar, 
1788 ;  entered  parliament,  1784 ;  K3.,  1787 ;  admiral  of 
the  blue,  1794 ;  second  in  command  to  Lord  Howe  on 
1  June  1794,  and  was  created  Baron  Bridport  (Irish  peer- 
age) ;  defeated  ViUaret*  Joyeose  and  captured  three  French 
ships,  1796 ;  vice-admiral  of  England,  1796 ;  created  a 
British  baron,  1796;  as  commander  of  Channel  fleet 
blockaded  Brest  almost  continuouslv,  1797-1800 ;  created 
viscount,  1801 ;  often  confused  with  his  brother ;  portraits 
of  him  by  Reynolds  at  Greenwich.  [xxvii.  868] 

HOOD,  CHARLES  (1886-1883),  major-general;  led 
attack  ftn  Redan,  1866 ;  commanded  the  buffs  on  entry 
into  Stiwstopol,  and  68th  in  Bengal,  I860 ;  major-general, 
1870.  [xxvii.  866] 

HOOD,  EDWIN  PAXTON  (1880-1886),  congrega- 
tional divine  and  author ;  minister  in  Loudon,  Brighton, 
and  Manchester ;  benefactor  of  Hospital  for  Incurables ; 
published  *  Self-Education.*  1861,  and  *The  Peerage  of 
Poverty  *  (1st  ser.  Srd  ed.,  1869) :  published  also  popular 
works  on  great  writers,  stateBmen,  and  preachers ;  died 
in  Paris.  [xxvU.  866] 

HOOD.  FRANCIS  GROSVENOR  (1809-1866),  lieuten- 
ant-colonel of  grrenadier  guards,  1841 ;  grandson  of  Samuel 
Hood,  flnt  viscount  Hood  [q.  v.] ;  led  (as  major  3rd 
battalion)  3rd  battalion  of  grenadiers  at  the  Alma,  1864 ; 
shot  in  trenches  before  SdtiastopoL  [xxvlL  867] 

HOOD,  JOHN  (1780-1783  ?),  surveyor ;  invented  Hood*s 
compass  theodolite;  said  to  have  anticipated  Hadley's 
quadrant.  [xxvii.  368] 

HOOD,  ROBIN,  legendary  outlaw ;  the  name,  which 
originally  represented  a  mythical  forest-elf, '  tiodeken,*  is 
part  of  ^e  designation  of  places  and  plants  in  every  part 
of  England.  BU  historical  authenticity  la  ill-supported. 
As  an  historical  character  Robin  Hood  appears  iu  Wyn- 
toun*s  *  Chronicle  of  Scotland '  (c.  1420),  and  is  referred 
to  as  a  ballad  hero  by  Bower,  Major,  and  Stow.  The  first 
detailed  history,  *  Ly tell  Geste  of  Robyn  Hoode  *  (printed. 


,..,..  Corai™.  1J9I;  rwallBd 

(or  poLitlol  rcuoni:  uliiiinl.  1T31:  orestAl  TIhdouoI 
UoodkodgOTFrDorof  GneiivrLcti,i;Mi  a.O.B,  lets. 

BOOO.SAUCEL  (IBOO  7-18;t>,  HitboT  nl  trotlH'  On 
the  Idw  of  DBOCdEDU,'  1847 :  member  ol  Pblliidelj^lH  bar, 
Itie-li :  gmndKa  ot  Jobn  Hmd  [q.  v.]     [iirll.  SB8] 

ROOD,  THOUAS  (A  tMl-1D«B).  nuthetnatldig r 
fellow  otTrinilj  College,  CambridBe.  Is?8;  M.A„  1181. 
OntThomu  BmiLh  leetimc  la  matbematici  lo'LoodoD. 

publlibtd  vrorki  Da  mUlieDuitlcil  appUuic-es. 

HOOD.  THOUAB  (1798-1841),  poet;  Dc^tributed  to 
■LoDdDb  Uagailoe,'  1891-S,  beonnliii!  acquainted  wltti 
Lamb,  Hatlltt.  and  De  QulDceT ;  coUaboratol  with  John 
HamUlOD  HeyDDldi  [q.T.]lD<OdaiDd  AddraUHlo  Great 
Pwple.'  ISat;  luutd  -Wlllm.  and  OddlU«^'  1836-7; 
bwame  c^tor  of  tba  'Gem,'  18M  (In  nhicta  -Bugent 
Arsm'iDrcatn' appaml):  bagan 'Oomlc  AtiDual.' 18JD; 
U«<d  at  OoblsDii,  ia3S-7,  ud  OiteDd,  US7-tO ;  publi*)"^ 
'Hood'iOwn,MM8.and'r--—  "'■ —       ■ 


0(irtliW«bop«olCaiilnburj,'l» 

187l»  (iDdei,  1878).  [iiTii.  Ke] 

BOOK,  WILLIAM  (UM-ian,  pmitaD  aiiiDc:  Hi 

TrlnltT  Oolkge,  Oilotd,  1411 :  tIqu-  ot  Aimaatti :  m 

Ktled  IS  K««  XBClMd,  IMO,  aod  beoamt  DuUnri 
uuton,  llavachiuatbi,  and  •teacbar'  at  Niwbam 
Hot  deaoiipUoD  of  alMn  la  Heir  England  to  Cnmnl 
IMS;  OromwaUl  ebaplaln  In  beUol.  ItM:  pgbliiM 
■  Nvw  EnitaDd*!  Ttaret  l«  Old  Rnglatd*!  Feaw,'  IM 
and  with  John  Danoport  [q.  t.]  ■  A  CatcdiiuH  ...In 
tin  .  .  .  Churcb  ...  at  S(w  Sareo.'  [IirU.  B»l 


Hood's  Uagatin?,'  1B44;  Uu 
RcelTed  penilDD ;  ooUecial  h 

HOOD,  THOMAS,  tbe  >ai 

a.  •.( ;  al  PEmbroke  Collegr 

Captain  Maatari'B  CblUien,' 

HOOK,  JAUES  (1746-1831),  or^i 
lardEDt,  1774-la;u,  iDil  coDipHer ;  ooi 
HboLuand  HHtga.  InclDdlng  ■  Within  a  MU 


HOOX,  JAHEa  (1771  !-18]8),i: 
or  Jamt*  Hook  (1T46-1S17)  [□.  t.]  : 
edited  ■  The  TriHer ' ;  gradoated  fr 
(Old.  179S :  private  chaplain  to  C 


cr(1839-ie74}.  known  a> 
lismai  Hood(17W-18U) 
-•-- ■  ■ e  editor  oi 


at  6U  Oloud. 

HOOKE,  NATHAN  [BL. 

bile;  broUierolJ'  ■     "    ■ 
gow  UolreniUB 

undertook  ae 


[HiiLim 

eWar  (1SS4-17MI,  J>™ 

to  [q.  T.] :  ol  Dublin  ud  Olu- 

mr  Bumce  OoUege,  Oambnltf 

■e  LoDdou,  lA6i :  panko^d  bi 

Dundee  and  vaa  oaptund.  ItS):  xml 

Inlaad  and  with  Fraieb  in  natden. 


KATHAMA&L,    ' 


;  pnbllahed  uoreif  and 


Cliotorteld'i'Lelten,'  pr'-"-'-- 

HOOEB,  BOBBRT  (16U-1ID3),  exnrlDHiIil  v^'" 
sopber ;  educaud  at  Wmtmlniter  onder  Buibj  tai  " 
Chriit  Ohnrcb,  Oiford:  U.A.,  leu  -  aa^ted  ThoDK 
Willli  [q.  ¥.1  In  bia  cbemlitfy  and  Robert  Bojle  [q.  '1 


HOOKEB 


689 


HOOTON 


>f  Physicutiu ;  in  his  *  MicrosTraphia  *  (166ft) 
real  nature  of  oombuaUon ;  pr(HX>^  ^ 
«  of  gravity  by  vwinging  of  pendulum,  1666 ; 
srimentally  that  cmtre  of  gravity  of  earth 
tbe  point  describing  an  dlipae  round  the  tun ; 
f  dieoovo^  fifth  star  in  Orion,  1664,  inftored 
upiter,  1664,  first  observed  a  star  by  daylight, 
arliest  attempts  (1669)  at  tdesoopio  deter* 
parallax  of  a  fixed  star;  In  optics  helped 
lints;  first  applied  spiral  spring  to  regruUte 
pounded  true  theory  of  elasticity  and  kinetic 
f  gases,  1678 ;  his  anticipation  of  law  of  in- 
es  admitted  by  Newton ;  first  asserted  true 
tbe  arch;  constructed  first  Gregorian  tele- 
descrik)ed  a  system  of  telegraphy,  1684  ;  in- 
Ine  barometer  and  other  instruments ;  post- 
rki  edited  by  B.  Waller,  1706,  and  Derbam, 

[xxviL  288] 

Et  or  HOKER,  JOHN  (>l.  1540).  of  Maidstone ; 
unatist ;  fellow  of  Magdalen  College,  Oxford, 
1585 ;  BJ)^  1540.  [xxvii.  S89] 

ly  alias  YOWELL,  JOHN  (1536?~1601),  anU- 
ated  at  Oxford ;  visited  Cologne  and  Stras- 
chamberlain  of  Exeter,  1555  ;  MJP.,  Athenry 
unent),  1568;  contributed  to  new  edition  of 
1586;  wrote  also  *The  Lyffe  of  8ir  Peter 

I  works  oonoeming  Exeter,        [xxvii.  287] 

ft,  RICHARD  (1554  7-1600X  theologian; 
ohn  Hooker  alias  Yowtil  [q.  v.] ;  admitted  at 
iiti  College,  Oxford,  by  iuflnenoe  of  Bishop 
olar,  1573 ;  MJL  and  fellow,  1577 ;  deputy 
3fessor,  1579 ;  intimate  at  Oxford  with  (Sir) 
lys  and  Qeorge  Oranmer  [q.v.];  incumbent 
Beaochamp,  1584-5 ;  master  of  tbe  Temple, 
r  of  Boscombe,  VOltshire,  and  (1595-1600)  of 
ne,  Kmt,  where  the  Inscription  on  his  mono* 
alls  him  *  Judicious.'  Five  books  (four  books, 
book,  1597)  of  *  The  Laws  of  Eoclesiasticall 
eared  in  his  lifetime,  the  so-called  sixth  and 
in  1648.  The  seventh  was  first  included  in 
ition,  1662.  The  sixth  book  is  demonstrably 
Tba  wh<de  was  reissued,  with  life  by  Izaak 
6,  and  frequently  re-edited.  It  was  attacked 
ans  in  *  A  Christian  Letter  to  oertaine  English 
'  (1699)and  defended  by  WUliam  Covell  [q.  v.], 
James  I  and  Charles  I,  andpraised  for  its  style 
A  Swift.  Other  works  by  Hooker  were  issued 
r613.  [xxvii.  289] 

K,  THOMAS  (1586?-1647),  New  England 
>wof  Emmanuel  College,  Cambridge;  M.A., 
r  of  Esher,  1620;  as  lecturer  at  Chelmsford 
onnonformity,  1629;  withdrew  to  Holland 
oid  citation  of  high  commission ;  sailed  for 
d,  1633  ;  pastor  of  the  eighth  church  in  Massa- 

II  removal  to  Hartford,  (MnnecUcut,  1636 ; 
leological  works,  including  *  A  Survey  of  the 
horch  Discipline,'  issued  1648.    [xxviL  295] 

&,  WILLIAM  DAWSON  (1816-1840), 
of  Sir  William  Jackson  Hooker  [q.  v.]; 
luted  *  Notes  on  Norway,*  1837.  [xxviL  298] 

Et,  Sir  WILLIAM  JACKSON  (1785-1865), 
Kew  Gardens ;  formed  collection  of  Norfolk 
e;l  Iceland  and  printed  *  Beoollections,'  1811 ; 
uainted  with  foreign  botanists  during  tour  of 
I  profenor  of  botany  at  Glasgow,  1820 :  K.H., 
:ly  extended  and  threw  open  to  the  public 
18,  where,  with  John  Stevens  Henslow  [q.  v.], 
a  museum  of  economio  twtany,  1847 ;  his 
poTcbttsed  by  the  nation ;  F.L.8.,  1806 ; 
I ;  LL.D.  Glasgow  ;  D.C.L.  Oxford,  1845.  His 
Kle  *  Mu«tcologia  Britannlca,'  1818-27,  '  Flora 
ericaua,'  1833-40,  *  Spedes  Filicum,'  1846-64. 

[xxvii.  296] 
S,  NICHOLAS  (1628-1712X  poet ;  scholar  of 
r   and    Trinity   College,   (jambridge ;    BJk.., 
lihed  *  Amanda  *  (1653)  and  other  verhes. 

[xxvii.  299] 
,  CHARLES  (1610-1667),  educational  writer; 
n  College,  Oxford,  1636 ;  master  of  Rotherham 
tor  of  Great  Pontoo,  1642  ;  sequestrated  ;  be- 
Q  a^  teacher  in  London  ;  prebendary  of  Lincoln 


and  rector  of  Stock,  Essex ;  published  *  Termlnationos  et 
Exempla,'  1650,  and  other  8cho<d  manuals,     [xxvii.  299] 

HOOLS,  ELIJAH  (1798-1872),  orientalist;  while 
Wesleyan  missionary  in  Southern  Indian  was  member 
of  committee  for  revising  Tamil  versions  of  the  bible  ; 
published  translations  into  Tamil,  '  Personal  Narrative  * 
(1830-8),  and  other  works  ;  secretary  of  Wesleyan  Mis- 
sionary Society,  1836.  [xxviL  300] 

HOOLS,  JOHN  (1727-1808),  translator;  principal 
auditor  at  India  House;  visited  Johnson  in  bis  last 
illness  :  his  translations  of  Tasao's  *  Jerusalem  Delivered ' 
(1763)  and  Ariosto*s  *  Orlando  Furioso  '  (1783)  frequently 
rnirinted;  published  also  versions  of  Metastasio's 
'  Dramas,'  'Life  of.  John  SooU  of  AmweU'  (1785),  and 
three  tragedies,  acted  at  Covent  Garden.       [xxvii.  800] 

HOOPER,  EDMUND  (1553?  -  1621),  organist  of 
Westminster  Abbey,  1606-21,  and  compo^r  of  church 
music ;  gentleman  of  the  Chapel  Royal.  1603. 

[xxvU.  301] 

HOOPER,  GEORGE  0640-1727),  bishop  of  Bath  and 
Wells;  scholar  of  St.  Paul's  and  Westminster  and 
student  of  Christ  Church,  Oxford  ;  M.A.,  1668 ;  D.D., 
1677 ;  classical,  Hebrew,  and  Arabic  scholar  ;  chaplain  to 
Bishop  Morley  and  Archbishop  Sheldon ;  rector  of 
Lambeth,  1676 ;  precentor  of  Exeter  ;  as  almoner  to 
Princess  Mary  confirmed  her  in  Anglican  principles  and 
offended  William  of  Orange ;  dean  of  Canterbury,  1691 ; 
prolocutor  of  the  lower  house  of  convocation,  1701 ; 
bishop  of  St.  Asaph,  1702-8  ;  accepted  see  of  Bath  and 
Wells,  1703  at  importunity  of  his  friend  Ken,  who  dedi- 
cated to  him  his  *  Hymuarlum  * ;  collective  edition  of  his 
works,  ifsued  1757,  includes  *  (Calculation  of  the  Credi- 
bility of  Human  Testimony,*  and  treatise  on  TertuUianl 
'  De  Valentinianorum  Hseresi.*  [xxviL  801] 

HOOPER,  JOHN  {d.  1556X  bi«hop  of  Gloucester  and 
Worcester;  B.A.Oxford,  1619;  said  to  have  been  a  Cis- 
tercian; adopted  protestant  views  and  disputed  with 
Gardiner  ;  fled  from  England,  1539,  to  avoid  persecution ; 
while  at  Zurich,  lftl7-9,  adopted  views  of  John  4  Lasco 
[see  Laski]  ;  as  chaplain  to  Somerset,  1549,  led  advanced 
reformers  and  denounced  Bonner ;  when  nominated  to  see 
of  Gloucester  (1550)  refused  to  wear  vestments,  and  only 
gave  in  after  committal  to  the  Fleet,  1551  ;  showed  great 
zeal  in  bis  diocoM  and  was  liberal  to  the  poor  ;  followed 
Zurich  usage  in  appointing  *  superintendents  ' ;  memlier 
of  commission  to  report  on  eoclesiastical  laws,  1551 ; 
bishop  of  Worcester,  in  eommendam^  1652,  Glouc^ter 
Ijeing  subsequently  made  an  archdeaconry ;  opposed 
attempt  to  set  afide  Mary  :  deprived  by  Queen  Mary  and 
sentenced  for  heresy  ;  burned  at  Gloucester.  His  works 
consist  mainly  of  homilien  and  biblical  expositions  (col- 
lected edition  issued.  1855).  [xxviL  804] 

HOOPER,  ROBERT  (1778-1836),  medical  writer; 
M.A.  and  M.B.  Pembroke  College,  Oxford,  1804 :  M.D.  St. 
Andrews,  1805  :  practised  in  Savlle  Row,  making  special 
study  of  pathology.  His  works  include  *  Compendious 
Medical  Dictionary,*  1798,  and  *  Anatomist's  Vade- 
Mecum,*  1798.  [xxviL  306] 

HOOPER,  WILLIAM  HULME  (1827-1854X  lieu- 
toiiant  in  the  navy  ;  sliared  in  expedition  of  the  Plover, 
184H-50,  in  search  of  Sir  John  Franklin  [q.  v.],  publishing 
an  account,  1853.  [xxvii.  807] 

HOOPPELL,  ROBERT  ELI  (1833-1895),  antiquary ; 
M.A.  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  1858 ;  LLD.,  1865  ; 
ordained  priest,  1860  :  English  chaplain  at  Menal  Bridge, 
1869-61 ;  first  head  -  master  of  Dr.  Wiuterbottom's 
nautical  college.  South  Shields,  1861-75  :  rector  of  Byers 
Green,  oo.  Dublin,  1875;  published  writings  relating  to 
excavated  Roman  camp  at  South  Shields  and  other  anti- 
quarian subjects.  [SuppL  iL  438] 

HOOTEN,  ELIZABETH  (d.  1672X  first  female 
quaker  miuiHter  ;  imprisoned  at  Derby,  1C51,  York,  1652, 
and  Lincoln,  1654  ;  went  to  Boston,  Massachusetts,  1662 ; 
barbarously  treated  at  Cambridge,  U.S.A.;  returned  to 
England ;  accompanied  Qeorge  Fox  to  Jamaica,  1670,  and 
died  there.  [xxvU.  808] 

HOOTON,  CHARLES  (1813  7-1847X  novelist ;  lived 
eavage  life  in  Texas;  journalist  in  Now  Orleans,  New 
York,  and  Montreal :  publirbed  *  Colin  Clink*  (in  'Bent- 
ley's  Miscellany,*  and  republished,  1841),  *8t.  Louia*s 
Isle,*  1847,  and  other  works.  [zxviL  808] 


I    ALBXA.NDER    (IJBH-IMT),    f 


""  ^bo^'m  ■ 


1.308] 
HOPS    (aflerwudi    BBRBSPORD-HOPE).    AI.EX- 

1  JAWK9    BBBESFORD    (18S9-1887),  poLtiiriiin 

bor;  BOH  at  Thamu  Ha|ie(177D?-ia91)  [q,T,]:<iI 
SQii  Trinitj  CoLlcga,  OambrtdgE:  M.A^  IBM; 
184H  ;  tory  1A.P^  MoidHtOfie.  LBIl-Al  uaA  I8B7-9, 
MJ-S,  itid  CfciinbrMge  DnlTurBity,  IMS-ST  ;  In- 
Munhkl  [jOrd  BeTEflronl'B  Bli|{UPb  HUtfv.  1804 ; 
•nt  opponent  ot  t>«e«jicd  Wile'*  SLtiter  Dill,  la&If. 
n  of  abureb  ratta^  Heform  BIlloT  1847,  aDd  HurLalj 
73;  priv;  MUDCIllOT.  l»m:  toandal  mtfilaQtry 
it  Onoterbury.  and  boilt  AU  SaibU'  Cbnrcb.  ii^T- 

th  Jcilin  DouKliiBCook  [q.v.]  M  fdllor;  presideol 

'. .  I  N-]it  ion:il  PorttHlt  Qnller^ :  pnhllBb«i '  Rjmia 
.n')i  litfrally  tniiiEliited'{lB41>,'Tbe  Eu|ilUb 
n^  the  Niugtaentb  Oontory'  (!B8l),worta  on 

'E,  HB!<.  AMKB  (\sm-\sei),  sutbnrm;  atr 
.  wilf  uid  blognpberor  June  Eopafiaol-lStl) 
:  cDQcerUd  to  Rominina.  ISIO:  pnbllibal > AcU 
iirlT  Uirtyn.'  1856.  Kva  of  gk  PhlUp  Neri  (lUB) 
Tbomn.  llwkrt  (18«(t), ■OonvenlDn  ol  tbr  Ton- 
',  .ind  -  FnmcUcan  MutTH  kn  Eaelind,' 


tonic  Kacc." 
18TR. 

HOPK,    AROUTBALD. 


1   <tUlt- 


HOFE,    CHARLES.    1 
<J739-lVBS>[q.T.];iti 


..IvouU.  1784 ;  ■hrritr  ol  Orkne; 


,  and  founded  prni* 
itdologlml  Bnolety,  I 


HOFX,  GBOROB  (1BIM876).  Scotliifa  it«[loiillnri>t : 
iIb  balding  at  feoUia  Barni,  HfuldlnfftdiiFblro,  n^rded 
« model  (arm :  wrote  iL^lnaLconi  InWAiiDd  nokolAwi; 


HOPB 

Sin   BIj.NRY   (1787 -I H3). 

imder  bH 

rautin  (A 

mini  Sir  J>m>m 

[11.  Y,])  io 

maiidal  o 

oommnDa 

"SS.-..-?" 

ott  3«jdT 

K.O.B.,  18eg:iidinln> 

1868. 

HOPS 

PHILIP    (d.    18 

ulleolflr : 

brother  or  Thami 

H«l)[q.T 

: 

HOPE 

BfHl*-lMI).oM 

wkcr;  al 

bUTOIiel  f- 

J"°>  t<l 

Y.];  imiersl  m 

HOPE,  JAMS  (laol-lMl).  pU 

Bdlnburgti.  at.  BuUHdomew*!  HMpllal,  ud  en  (bt  sa 
tlnent :  wrlji  piwtlHd  uKnltatlim :  |dvilrdHi  B  Htfi- 
lobone  lBllm«rr,  IMl :  I— '-■ — .-.q.  n ^n — i.^ 

pabllBbed-TmtJHDnDlHuaalUieHfl 

work  on  mocbU  uistaniT.  18U-4.  [nrU.  Ill] 

HOPE.  JAMBS  (1TM-I84a  ?).  United  Iriabmu ;  a*- 
_ 1  between  Ron—'-- — ' 


Tinned   Rooffhlard   Ti 
iRnictsl  Dmtcd  Irtsb  ! 


HOPE.  Sin  JAMBS  (1 


e  [q.  ». 


i.     [MniL  in 

■dmlnl  of  1b«  ta 

I.'  IBi6 :  C.B,  U 

BilUc  18M-«:  n 


enRoeement  with  nbligido  bnuetln.  IM6 :  C.B,  IM: 
nnunKoded  tbe  Malntlo  In  tbe  BilUc  18M-< '  — - 
admiral.  )HS7:  emnmuidei-lD-cblef  In  Chlu.  K... 

PUbo.iass:  loakTBka(ong,l««a:R«talE.C.B.ll»; 

minder  In   Konh  America.  18U;  a.O.B*..  I9u':  o* 

monder  at  Forlainoutb,  lM»-7!  ;  Idmlnl,  ISIO:  admial 

or  the  fleet.  1B78.  [iiriLliq 

HOPE.     BIR     JAMK3    ABCHIBALD    fI7»-l»ll 

(nii=™i :  serTEd  with  Mtb  la  Hun '°™  "  — '  ■" 

Copeobagea.  1907:    on  lum  al  illi 
183e)[q.r.]  In.'jp^ 
ISDtt ;  alde-de-ounp  t 


r-gu'nenl  In  Lower  Canada,  lMI-7 :  OAB.; 

».  [TiTain] 

Sm  JOHN.  Lord  OiuiOHALi.  (icWVlUtt 
it  BIr  Thomas  Hop^  fli  ■  '    - 


biljihlad,  lUl ;  maobstf 
"-mimUl  ioiirial  a* 


HOPE,  JOHN  (irSD-UasI,  uitfaar 
Charlo)  Hope,  flret  esr]  of  HopetDUn 
Llnllthmiwfhin',  1788-70 :  publlibed  '  Let 
17M,  and  Dlhcr  worb. 


of  mcdlolne and  botMj,  17(8;  pR^dnit,Kdl 
I^e  of  PbytUHann   F.R.S.;    lonnded   new 

Llnnaini,  wbiw''aeneni  ADimllnm '  tie  Bdltel,  IT 

HOPE,  JOB  N,  tairtb  E»RL  or  Hapiror  s  ( 

■onlby  to  Wett  In 


KiTelleiu 

.  -iptuted  [b  OnBJ  BTtle  of  Bajonne  RHrrlKui.  1814 :  cnatd 
Bum  NUiIrr :  nuMEded  bi*  baU-braths  lann,  tbM 
Earl  nf  Hoprunin  [q.T,].  18K ;  gvnenl,  ISlt.  [iirlLttl] 

HOPE.  Sir  JOHN  (1781-lBMX    ..._ 
■on  of  John  Hope  (]IB»-17I»)  [q.  t.]  :  In  mtcb 


and    Oopenhanen,    I 


talitUUA,  tUl  i  G.C.H. 


HOPE 


641 


HOPKINSON 


IS  (1794-1858),  Scottish  jadge :  eldest  son 
ipe  (1763-1861)  [q.  v.] ;  adyocate,  1816 ; 
•ommons*  bar  for  breach  of  privilege,  1822 ; 
il  for  Scotland,  182S-30 ;  dean  of  Faculty  of 
) :  lord  joBtice  clerk,  1841-08 ;  privy  oouq- 
ited  diary  of  Sir  David  Hume  of  Grosarigg, 

[xxviL  324] 

EN  WILLIABfS  (1767-1818X  banker  and 
,  of  William  Williams;  assumed  name  of 
riage ;  banker  at  Amsterdam ;  one  of  the 
i^ Holland,  1794-1806.  [xxvlL  826] 

THOMAS  (1606-1643X  of  Keru  ;  son  of 

r  first  baronet  [q.  v.]  ;  admitted  advocate, 
.  1633 ;  commissioner  for  (Clackmannan, 
lel  of  Leslie's  bodyguard,  1639-40:  nego- 
mise  between  Oharles  I  and  the  estates ; 
leral,  1641-3  ;  wrote  the  *  Law  Repertorie.' 

[xxvii.  826] 
THOMAS,  first  baronet  (d,  1646X  lord- 
otland ;  advocate,  1606 ;  made  reputation 
John  Forbes  (1668?-1634)  [q.  v.],  and 
«  at  Linlithgow,  1606:  prepared  deed 
I  rs  grants  of  church  property,  1625 :  lord 
:  created  Nova  Scotia  baron^  1628 :  con^ 
gainst  Balmerlno,  1634 :  as  lord  high  oom- 
neral  assembly  maintained  the  king's  tem- 
,  1643 ;  his  '  Minor  Praoticks  *  published  by 

[xxvii.  326] 

OMAS  (1770  7-1831X  virtuoso  and  author : 
f  Amsteidam ;  settled  in  Bngland,  c.  1796 ; 
les  and  sculptures,  and  deposited  them  in 
,  London,  and  at  Deepdene,  Surrey  :  patron 
nrwaldsen,  and  Flaxman :  caricatured  with 
beet  as  *  Beauty  and  the  Beast,'  1810 :  pub- 
isins'  (anonymously),  1819,  *  Household 
7,  and  other  worlcs.  [xxviL  327] 

OMAS  OHARLES  (1766-1844),  professor  of 
dinburgh :  third  son  of  John  Hope  (1726- 
profeasor  of  chemistry  at  Glasgow,  1787-9 : 
hemistry,  Edinburgh,  1799-1843 ;  proved 
ooDtained  a  peculiar  earth;  estimated 
la^  point  of  water;  founded  chemical 
irgh.  [xxviL  329] 

I   WILLIAM   JOHNSTONE   a76e-1881X 

son  of  John  Hope  (1739-1786)  [q.  v.]: 
the   Boreas   under  Nelson,   1787;   flag' 

r-admiral  Pastey  in  action  of  1  June,  1794, 
the  Venerable  and  the  Kent,  1796-6,  and 
in  Egypt,  1800-1 :  M.P.,  Dumfries,  1800-4, 
1804-30;  a  lord  of  the  admiralty,  1807-9  ; 

819  :  member  of  admiralty  board,  1820-8 ; 

[xxTiL  329] 

LLIAM  WILLIAMS  (1802-1866),  man  of 
"tixMo ;  M>n  of  John  WiUlams  Hope  [q.  v.] 

[xxviL  326] 
TT,  JAMES  ROBERT  (1812-1873),  parUa- 
Lster ;  third  son  of  Sir  Alexander  Hope 
led  in  (Germany  and  Italy  before  going  to 
St  Church,  Oxford,  became  the  friend  of 
-t  Gladstone  and  Boundell  Palmer,  after* 
Selbome :  feUow  of  Merton,  1883  ;  D.C.L., 
r.  Inner  Temple,  1840 ;  named  chancellor 
840,  after  arguing  before  House  of  Lords 
iatftical  Duties  and  Revenues  Bill,  1840; 
Ans,  becoming  Newman's  chief  adviser: 
reoiBived  into  Roman  church,  1861 ;  soon 
mse  parliamentary  practice ;  Q.C.,  1849 ; 
Gibson  Lockhart's  daughter,  ami  assumed 
K  of  Scott,  1863,  on  becoming  possessor 
;  wrote  against  Ecclesiastical  Titles  Act, 

[xxvii.  830] 

N,  Earls  or.  [See  Hope,  Oharlbs,  first 
13 ;  Hops,  Jambs,  third  Earl,  1741-1816 : 
xirth  Earl,  1766-1823.] 

HOPKIN  (1737-1764),  famous  dwarf  :  son 
in  [q.  v.]  [xxvii.  332] 

LEWIS  (1708-1771),  Welsh  poet ;  registered 
th  Edward  Evans  (1716-1798)  [q.  v.]  made 
D  of  Ecole^iastes,  1767 ;  translated  *  Chevy 
coUocterl  works  ('Y  PelQafod')  edited  by 

[xxvii.  332] 


H0PXZK8,  OHARLES  (1664  7-1700  ?X  poet ;  son  of 
Ezekiel  Hopkins  [q.  v.]  ;  friend  of  Drydeu  and  Gongreve ; 
of  Trinity  OoUege,  Dublin,  and  Queens*  College,  Cam- 
bridge; B.A.  Oambridge,  1688;  published  *  Epistolary 
Poems,*  1694,  *  Whitehall,*  1698,  and  three  tragedies. 

[xxvii.  333] 

HOPKINS,  EDWARD  (1600-1667),  governor  of 
Connecticut:  emigrated,  1637;  governor  of  ConnecUcut, 
1640-62  (alternate  years) ;  helped  to  form  union  of  New 
Bngland  colonies,  1643  :  navy  commissioner  in  England, 
1663;  M.P.,  Dartmouth,  1066;  Hopkinton  bought  from 
his  donation  to  Harvard.  [xxvii.  333] 

HOPKIirS,  EZEKIEL  0684-1690),  bishop  of  Derry ; 
of  Merchant  Taylors*  School  and  Mai^alen  College, 
Oxford  ;  M.A.,  1666 ;  chaplain  to  Lord  Robartes  (viceroy 
of  Ireland) ;  archdeacon  of  Waterford,  1669 ;  bishop  of 
Raphoe,  1670-81 :  bishop  of  Derry,  1681-90 ;  left  Ireland 
at  Revolution ;  works  edited  by  Josiah  Pratt,  1809. 

[xxvU.  834] 

EOPXnrS,  GEORGE  (1620-1666X  rector  of  Evesham 
(ejected,  1662),  and  author  of  'Salvation  from  Sin '  (1656). 

[xxvii.  338] 

HOPmrS,  JOHN  (d.  1670X  oontributor  to  metrical 
Psalms ;  B.A.  Oxford,  1644  ;  Suffolk  (schoolmaster ;  rector 
of  Great  Waldingfield,  1661-70;  the  'Old  Hundredth' 
psalm  often  attributed  to  him.'  [xxvii.  334] 

HOPXnrS,  JOHN  (/.  1700),  verse- writer ;  brother  of 
(Charles  Hopkins  [q.  v.] ;  M.A.  Jemis  CroUege,  Cambridge, 
1698 ;  chief  works,  *  Milton's  Paradise  Loet  Imitated  in 
Rhyme,'  1699,  und  *  Amasia,'  1700.  [xxvii.  336] 

HOPEDTB,  JOHN  LARKIN  (1819-1878),  organist  of 
Rochester  (1841)  and  Trinity  College,  Cambridge  (1866) : 
Mns.  Doc.  Cambridge,  1867 ;  composed  *  Five  Glees  and 
a  Madrigal,'  1842,  and  church  music  ;  published  '  New 
Vocal  Tutor,'  1866.  [xxvii.  336] 

HOPKUrS,  MATTHEW  (d.  1647).  witch-finder  ;  said 
to  have  been  a  lawyer  at  Ipswich  and  Manningtree  :  made 
Journeys  for  discovery  of  witches  in  eastern  counties  and 
Huntingdonshire,  1644-7  ;  procured  special  judicial  com- 
mission (1646)  under  John  Godbolt  [q.  v.]  by  which 
sixty  women  were  hanged  in  Essex  in  one  year,  nearly 
forty  at  Bury,  and  many  at  Norwich  and  in  Huntingdon- 
shire ;  published  *  Discovery  of  Witches,'  1647 ;  exposed 
by  John  Gktule;  hanged  as  a  sorcerer;  referred  to  in 
*Hudibras.'  [xxvii.  336] 

HOPKnrS,  RICHARD  (d.  1694?).  transUtor:  of  St. 
Alban's  Hall,  Oxford,  and  Middle  Temple ;  studied  at 
Spanish  universities,  Louvaln,  Rheims,  and  Paris ;  trans- 
lated Spanish  reUgious  works.  [xxvii.  337] 

HOPXnrS,  WILLIAM  (A  1674),  stenographer :  pub- 
lished '  The  Flying  Pen- Man,'  1670.  [xxvii.  338] 

HOPXnrS,  WILLIAM  (1647-1700),  divine;  son  of 
George  Hopkins  [q.  v.];  M.A.  St.  Mary  Hall,  Oxford, 
1668;  D.D.,  1692;  chaplain  to  Henry  Coventry  (1619 
1686)  [q.  v.]  in  second  embassy  to  Sweden,  1671 ;  preben- 
dary of  Worcester,  1676,  and  master  of  St.  Oswald's  Hos- 
pital, 1697 ;  published  '  Book  of  Bertram  or  Ratramnus 
concerning  the  Body  and  Blood  of  the  Lord,'  1686; 
assisted  Gibson  with  edition  of  'Saxon  Chronicle'  and 
Camden  in  *  Britannia.*  [xxvii.  838] 

HOPKnrS,  WILLIAM  (1706-1786),  theolosrical  writer : 
B.A.  All  Souls  College,  Oxford.  1728 ;  master  of  Cuckfleld 
School,  1766 :  as  vicar  of  Bolney,  made  alterations  in  the 
liturgy  ;  published  Arian  pamphlets  attacking  liturgy. 

[xxvii.  339] 
HOPKnrS,     WILLIAM     (1793-1866),     mathemati- 
cian and  geologist ;  of  Peterhouse,  Cambridge  ;  seventli 

I  wrangler,  1827 ;  M.A.,  1830 ;  as  coach,  had  Stokes,  Sir  W. 

i  Thomson,  Fawcett,  and  Todhunter  among  his  pupils : 
studied  geology ;  Wollaston  medallist,  1860  ;  president  of 
Geological  Society,  1861,  and  of  British  Association,  1863 ; 
prise  founded  in  his  honour  by  Cambridge  Philosophical 
Society ;  published  works,  including  '  Elements  of  Trigo- 
nometry,* 1883,  and  *  Theoretical  Investigations  on  Motion 
of  GbMTiers,'  1842.  [xxvU.  339] 

HOPKINSOK,  JOHN  (1610-1680),  antiquary;  of 
Lincoln's  Inn ;  secretary  to  Dugdale  during  visitation  of 
Yorkshire ;  made  large  collections  for  history  of  York- 
shire, [xxvii.  840] 

TT