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A DICTIONARY OF THE DRAMA
A DICTIONARY OF
, THE DRAMA
A GUIDE TO THE PLAYS, PLAYWRIGHTS, PLAYERS,
AND PLAYHOUSES OF THE UNITED KINGDOM
AND AMERICA, FROM THE EARLIEST
TIMES TO THE PRESENT
W. DAVENPORT ADAMS
AUTHOR OF
A DICTIONARY OF ENGLISH LITERATURE," "A BOOK OF BURLESQUE," "WITH
POET AND PLAYER," ETC.
VOL. I. A— G
0-- THZ
LONDON
CHATTO & WINDUS
1904
Am
i-^*— «
NIRAL
PRINTED BY
HLLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, LIMITED,
LONDON AND BECCLES.
A
PREFACE
The aim of this work is to provide the student and the
general reader with a handy means of ready reference to
the leading facts of the history of the theatre in the
United Kingdom and the United States. The scope of the
" Dictionary " is so far comprehensive that it seeks to give
information about playhouses and their designers, the
writers of plays, plays themselves, jDerformers in them,
their critics, their scenic and musical illustrators, theatrical
terms, and stage literature generally.
The accounts of Playhouses are ranged here under the
names of the cities and towns possessing them, and form
short sketches of the theatrical history of the more impor-
tant localities. All the more prominent theatrical architects
find a place in these pages.
In the case of Writers of Plays, the main attempt
has been to supply a chronological list of their works, with
the dates (where discoverable) of publication or perform-
ance, or both. Only in the instance of the more notable
dramatists of the past have biographical data been included ;
in that of living playwrights, the details are confined to
their productions. The foreign authors introduced are
those who have become well known to the English and
American public through translations or adaptations of
their works.
vi PREFACE
Performers in Plays, whether actors or vocalists, or
both, are dealt with on the same principle as the Play-
writers. Of the living, no biographical particulars are
furnished, beyond an occasional record of the date or place
of birth ; otherwise the particulars relate solely to roles (and
especially " original " roles) which they have undertaken.
Deceased players are treated, as a rule, more fuUj", selected
criticisms being sometimes given, as Avell as references to
biographical and critical authorities.
Theatrical Managers, as the producers of plays and
operas, necessarily figure here; as do the leading Scenic
Artists and Musical Composers, the latter ranging from
the writers of operas and operettas to the providers of
"incidental numbers" for plays. Most of the musicians
included are English or American ; but mention is also made
of foreigners whose works have been produced with English
librettos on one side or other of the Atlantic.
Writers on the subject of the Theatre generally, or of
plays and players particularly, receive due attention ; and
side by side Avith the historians, biographers, and critics
will be found the pamphleteers and satirists in prose and
verse.
In the case of Plays, the endeavour, in general, has
been to indicate the author, the date and place of first
performance, and in some instances the date of first publica-
tion. Sometimes only the title and the name of the writer
are given ; usually there are details of the first '•' cast ; "
and, in all the more important cases, record is made of the
principal revivals of the pieces, and of the performers
appearing in them. Special pains have been bestowed upon
the stage history of Shakespeare's plays and of the other
classics of our dramatic literature. Further, plays with the
PREFACE vii
same title or on the same subjects are, for the convenience
of the reader, grouped together.
Separate entries are made of Characters in Plays,
preference being given, of course, to the most notable. Some
are inserted only by way of illustrating the stage nomen-
clature of the past. A feature is also made of First Lines
OP Songs in Plays ; and some explanations are oifered of
Terms used familiarly in connection either with plays or
with the fabric or appointments of the Theatre.
No claim to an impossible "completeness" is made for
this work. In all its departments a careful selection has
been necessary, and that has been made with a view alike to
the limits of space and to the probable requirements of the
reader. Nor is it pretended that the " Dictionary " relates
the theatrical events of yesterday or the day before. No
work of reference, not even an " annual," can be absolutely
"up to date." Scattered over these pages are many
references to the stage history of the present year ; but the
object throughout has been to record rather the perma-
nently than the temporarily interesting.
Finally, the mass of material collected — very much of it
from unprinted sources — has been so great as to necessitate
condensation and compression to the fullest extent consistent
with clearness and accuracy. As regards the latter quality,
every effort has been made to secure it ; but, in the multitude
of facts and figures contained w^ithin these covers, it would
be almost miraculous if no misprints were detected. More-
over, theatrical chroniclers often differ as tb dates ; others,
especially when they are autobiographers, offer none or few ;
many indulge in a pei'plexing vagueness. In truth, those
to whom the subject of this "Dictionary" is most familiar
viii PREFACE
will be the first, one may be sure, to pardon any little slip,
of omission or commission, into wliich the author may by
chance have been betrayed.
It should be added that the second, and concluding,
volume of this work is passing through the press, and will
be issued in the early autumn.
W. D. A.
June, 190 Jt.
DICTIONARY OF THE DRAMA
A la Campag-ne. See Doubtful
"Victory, A.
A Trente Ans. See Charming
Woman, A.
A 1. A character in F. Talfourd's ' Abon
Hassan' (^.t'.).
Aaron. A Moor, in ' Titus Andronicus '
(q.v.) ; beloved by Tamora, Queen of the
Goths (q.v.).
Abaddun. An evil genius in Planchil's
■*Good Woman in the Wood' (q.v.).
Absellino, the Great Bandit. A
(drama adapted by William Dunlap (q.v.)
from tlie (Jerman story by Zschokke (the
orighial of M. G. Lewis's tale, ' The Bravo of
Venice '), and first performed at New York,
U.S.A., on February 11, 1801, with Hodgkin-
son as the hero, and his wife as Rosamimda.
Ahcellino was among the rdles of J. R. Duff,
and Itosamunda among those of his wife.
The drama itself gave, says William Winter,
"an occasion for a facetious exploit by
Jefferson the third and his comrades, to
the discomfiture of an actor named Andrew
Jackson Allen [q.v.]. . . . Allen was partial
to the play of ' Aba?llino,' and on the occa-
sion named he had chosen it for his benefit
night. Its closing situation presents the
whole dramatis personce on the scene, and,
at a critical moment, they all are to exclaim,
* Where is Abcellino ? ' But Jefferson's
mischievous plan had arranged that when
this moment should come tlie entire com-
pany should stand immovable and speech-
less. Abcellino, his head darkly muffled in
his cloak, for a while awaited the word.
At last he was heard to mutter several
tunes, ' Somebody say *' Where's Abcellino ?" '
There was no response, and the house was
already in a titter. The dilemma was finally
broken by Allen himself, who loudly cried
out, ' If you want to know where's Abcellino,
here he is,' and threw off his disguise, amid
shrieks of laughter." There are several
other plays based (m Zschokke's story. See
Rugantino and Venetian Outlaw.
Ahanazar. (1) A Jew in Planche's
' Jewess ' (q.v.). (2) The magician in the
various dramatizations of the story of
Aladdin (q.v.).
Abbaye de Castro (L').
Demonio and Broken Vow.
See Bel
Abbe Constantin (L'). A play by H.
Crernieux and P. Decourcelle (itself founded
on a novel by Ludovic Halevy), adapted by
Clinton Stuart, and produced at Wallack's
Theatre, New York, in 18S8, with J. Gilbert
in the title part, and Miss F. Gerard (Mrs.
Abbey) in the principal female r6le.
Abbe de I'Epee (The); or, Deaf
and Dumb. A play adapted from the
French of Bouilly by W. Dunlap (q.v.), and
produced at New York in 1801, with Mrs.
Powell as the deaf and dumb boy. See
Deaf and Dumb.
Abbe Vaudreuil (The); or, The
Court of Louis XV. A play by 11. R.
Addison (q.v.), first performed at the Lyceum
Theatre, London, on March 19, 1860, with
Mdme. Celeste in the title part (which was
always a favourite role with her, and in
which she took her "farewell benefit" at
the Adelphi on December 17, 1870). The cast
also included Miss Hudspeth as Marie de
Rohan, Miss Kate Savile as Mdme. de Pom-
padour, and Villiers as Henri Delcour. A
portion of the action consists of what
Delcour imagines to have happened in a
dream. The Abb^ appears (along with Mdme.
de Pompadour and others) in the vision,
and acts as the familiar spirit of Delcour in
various adventures.
Abberville, Lord. The hero of Cum-
berland's 'Fashionable Lover' (q.v.).
Abbey, H. E. See New York Thea-
tres.
Abbey of St. Aug-tistine (The). A
play by Robert Merry (q.v.), first per-
formed at Philadelphia in 1797.
Abbey Park Theatre. See New
York Theatres.
Abbot of St. Maurice (The) figures
in Lord Byron's ' Manfred' (q.v.).
Abbott, Mrs. William (ne'e Buloid).
Actress, died 1858 ; made her debut in New
York in 1834, and married Abbott in 1842.
She was the second representative in America
of Grace Harkaway in ' London Assurance '
(q.v.), and supported Charlotte Cushman at
Niblo's Theatre, New York, in 1858. Seo
Ireland's ' New York Stage ' (1866).
Abbott, WiUiam. Actor and dramatic
writer, born at Chelsea in 1789, died at
ABDALLA
A BECKETT
Baltimore, 1843'; -nja'tle. Ins dt^hut at Bath
in 1S(U5 ; appeared at the Haymarket in
I80S, ami agabi in 1810 ; wa^s engaged at
Co vent Garden from lol3 onwards ; accom-
panied Miss SmitliSon Lo' Paris in 1827;
returned to Covent Garden, and in 1835
went to America, where he met with little
success, and died at last under melancholy
circumstances. He was the original per-
former of Lothair in 'The :Miller and his
Men' (q.v.), Appius Claudius in ' Virginius'
{q.v.), and Modus in 'The Hunchback '(^.r.).
He played Pylades in ' The Distressed
IMother'at Covent Garden in 1816, Charles
Surface at Paris in 1827, Romeo at Covent
Garden in 1830, and Hamlet at Philadelphia
in 1836. "Mr. Abbott," wTote Hazlitt,
"never acts ill." He was the author of
two melodramas: 'The Youthful Days of
Frederic the Great' {q.v.) and 'Swedish
Patriotism' {q.v.). See 'Biography of the
British Theatre ' (1824) ; Genest's ' English
Stage ' (1832) ; Donaldson's ' Recollections of
an Actor ' (1865) ; Brown's ' American Stage '
(1870) ; and the ' Dictionary of National
Biography ' (1885).
Abdalla. A tragedy by J. Delap {q.v.\
printed in 1803. See Genest's 'English
Stage ' (1832).
Abdalla. Brother of the caliph, in
Mrs. Manley's ' Almyna' {q.v.).
Abdallali. (1) A character in ^liss Lee's
' Almeyda ' {q.v.). (2) Captain of the Forty
Thieves, in all the pieces founded on the
well-known story. See Ali Baba ; FORTY
Thieves; Open Sesame.
Abdelazer; or, The Moor's He-
vengre. A tragedy by Aphra Bkhn {q.v.),
performed at the Duke of York's Theatre in
1677, with Betterton in the title part, Mrs.
Lee as the Queen, Han-is a,s Ferdinand, Mrs.
Betterton as Florella, and Smith as Philip.
The play is based on Marlowe's ' Lust's Do-
minion ' {q.v.). " Mrs. Behn," says Genest,
" has made some considerable changes in the
fifth act, and improved the whole play. Ab-
delazer is a striking character. The outlines
of Zanga are evidently borrowed from it,
but the two parts differ in this — Zanrja has
one object only in view, revenge; whereas
Abdelazer is instigated not only by the
desire of revenge, but also by jealousy, am-
bition, and love" ('The English Stage').
Abdelazer is the son of the King of Fez,
who has been conquered and killed by the
Kinrf of Spain. To revenge himself on the
latter, Abdelazer becomes the paramour of
his " lascivious queen." He afterwards
poisons the Kinfj, and kills the King's son
Ferdinand, who has assailed the chastity of
Florella, Abdelazefs wife. Eventually the
Queen is assassinated by order of Abdelazer,
who in the end is slain by the King's other
•son, Philip, and his party. See Revenge,
The.
Abdelmelec. Uncle of Miilg Mahamet
in 'The Battle of Alcazar' (^'.i'.).
Abder Khan. King of Tartary, in
H. M. MiLNER's 'Mazeppa' {q.v.), and
which he was editor (1867-71),
White (1872), the Edinburgh d
in H. J. Byron's burlesque of that name
{q.v.).
Abdicated Prince (The); or, The
Adventures of Four Years. A poli-
tical pamphlet, written in dramatic form,
and directed against James II. One of the
characters remarks of that king that " cer-
tainly never man took such pains to win a
kingdom as this unhappy prince does to
lose one." James is also accused of com-
passing the death of his brother Charles.
The " hero " of the piece, which was pub-
lished in 1690, is the Duke of Monmouth.
See the ' Biographia Dramatica ' (1812).
A Beckett. See Becket and Thomas
A Becket.
A Beckett, Arthur "William. Dra-
matic Avriter, novelist, and journalist, liorn
1S44 ; son of Gilbert Abbott t\ Beckett ;
author of the following plavs : ' Faded
Flowers' (1872), ' L. S. D.' (1872), 'About
Town ' (1873), ' On Strike ' (1873), and ' Long
Ago ' (1882), all of which see ; also, co-author
with J. Palgi-ave Simpson {q.v.) of 'From
Father to Son' {q.v.): has contributed
theatrical criticisms and other articles to
the Oriental Budget (1862-4), the Glowworm
(1865-7), a 'Saturday Journal of Satire' of
Black and
Courant and
Perthshire Advertiser (1871-5), Punch (since
1875), the Sunday Times (" Greenroom
Recollections"), the Theatre, London Society,
etc.
"!A. Beckett, Gilbert Abbott. Dra-
matic writer, born 1811, died 1S56 ; author
of the following dramatic pieces : ' The
Ambassadress,' 'The Artist's Wife,' ' The
Assignation,' 'The Black Domino,' ' Thu
Castle of Otranto,' ' A Clear Case,' ' Fi-
garo in London,' 'Jack Brag,' 'Joe ISIiller
and his Men,' 'The King Incog.,' 'Kini;
John ' (burlesque), ' Love is Blind,' ' Tin;
Magic Mirror,' ' Man-Fred,' ' The Man with
the Carpet Bag,' ' The Mendicant,' ' Pascal
Bruno,' 'The Postilion,' ' The Revolt of the
Workhouse,' ' The Roof-Scrambler,' ' The
Siamese Twins,' 'St. :Mark's Eve,' 'The Sou
of the Sun,' 'The Three Graces,' 'The
Tradesman's Ball,' ' The Turned Head,'
'Unfortunate Miss Bailey,' 'Wanted, a
Brigand,' ' The Wonderful Lamp in a New
Light,' 'The World Underground,' and 'The
Yellow Dwarf ;' the libretti of ' Agnes Screl '
and 'Little Red Riding Hood;' and, Avith
Mark Lemon, 'Don Caesar de Bazan,' 'The
Chimes,' 'The Knight and the Sprite,' 'O
Gemini,' 'Open Sesame,' 'Peter Wilkins,'
' Sardanapalus,' and 'St. George and the
Dragon,'— all of which see. A Beckett was
also the author of 'Scenes from Rejected
Comedies ' {q.v.) and ' Quizziology of the
British Drama' {q.v.). See Queen's Ball.
A Beckett, Gilbert Arthur. Dra-
matic and miscellaneous writer, born 1837,
died 1891 ; son of Gilbert Abbott h. Beckett
{q.v.) ; wrote the following plays, burlesques,
and pantomimes : ' Ali Baba,' ' The Babes
in the Wood,' ' Charles XL ; or, Something
ABEDNEGO
ABIGAIL
like History,' * Christabel,* ' Diamonds and
Hearts,' 'Face to Face,' 'Glitter,' 'In the
Clouds,' 'Last of the Legends,' 'Lending
a Hand,' ' Red Hands,' ' Terrible Hymen,'
' Two Harlequins,' and ' An Utter Perver-
sion of the Brigand," all of which see ; also
the following, produced at the German Reed
entertainments : ' The Ancient Britons,' ' A
Christmas Stocking," ' A Mountain Heiress,'
' Once in a Centurv,' ' The Pirate's Home,'
' The Spanish Bond,' ' The Three Tenants,'
' That Dreadful Boy,' ' Two Foster Brothers,'
and ' The Wicked Duke ; ' also the legend
of 'The White PilgTira' (q.v.); the libretti
of 'L'Ombra' (q.v), 'Savonarola' (^'.t'.), and
'The Canterbury Pilgrims' (q.v.)', and lyrics
for ' Captain Ther^se ' (q.v.) and ' La Cigale '
(q.v.). He was part author (Avith W. S.
Gilbert) of 'The Happy Land' (q.v.), (with
C. H. Ross) of ' The Sleeping Beauty ' (q.v.),
(with Clement Scott) of 'Many Happy
Returns,' of 'An Indian Puzzle,' and of
' Grimstone Grange.'
Abedneg-o. (1) The Jew, in T, Dibdin's
'Jew and the Doctor' (q.v.). (2) A money-
lender in R. Buchanan's 'Dick Sheridan'
(q.v.).
Abel. A " sacred drama," set to music
by Dr. Arne, and performed at Drury Lane
in 17.55. — Abel is among the personoe in Lord
Byron's 'Cain : a :Mystery' (q.v.).
Abel Drake. A drama in five acts,
founded by John Saunder.s (q.v.) (with
some assistance from Tom Taylor) on his
novel of the same name, and first performed
at the Theatre Royal, Leeds, on October 9,
1874, with D. Bandmann in the title part,
and Mrs. Bandmann as Barbara, other roles
being taken by Mrs. H. Kirby and S. John-
son ; first performed in London at the
Princess's Theatre, on May 20, 1S76, and
afterwards reduced to three acts. 'Abel
Drake's Wife' is tlie title of a play pro-
duced at Her Majesty's Theatre, Richmond,
Surrey, in January, 1872.
Abelard, Count. A character in H.
F. Chorley's ' Duchess Eleanour ' (q.v.).
Abelard and Heloise. A drama in
three acts, by J. B. Buckstone (q.v.), first
performed at the Surrey Theatre, London,
with E. F. Saville and Jlrs. Yates in the
title parts, and other characters by Yates,
"O." Smith, D. Pitt, J. Reeve, Buckstone,
Mrs. R. Honner, and Mrs. Fitzwilliam. See
Buckstone's ' Popular Dramas ' (1834-7).
Abenamar. Father of Almahide (q.v.),
in Dryden's 'Conquest of Granada' (q.v.).
Aberdeen. The first record of theatrical
performances in this old Scotch city relates
to 1562, when Queen Mary visited the place,
and was received with festivities which
included the performance of "spectacles,
plays, and interludes." It appears to have
been the habit of the citizens at this period
to "make glaid the Kynges Majestie with
farsceis, playes, histories," etc. In 1601 King
James ordered Lawrence Fletcher and his
comedians to exhibit "plays, comedies, and
stage plays " in Aberdeen, and we read that
they were presented with thirty-two merks
and entertained at supper, the freedom of
the city being also conferred upon them. In
1745 the Edinburgh company paid a visit, but
in the interval a change had come over the
spirit of the municipality, and the actors
were prohibited from performing. They
came again in 1751, and, being again pro-
hibited, erected a wooden building outside
the city limits, where, however, they met
with little success. In 1768 AVilliam Fisher
and his company played in a hall at the
New Inn, but they, too, met with little
encouragement. At last, in 1780, Aberdeen
obtained its first theatre— built at the back
of an inn in Queen Street. " It had," says
J.Keith Angus, " no boxes ; the price of ad-
mission to the pit was half a crown, to the
gallery one and sixpence ; when filled, the
receipts amounted to nearly forty pounds."
Another theatre, with boxes, was erected at
about the same time in what is now called
Chronicle Lane. It was conducted by one
Sutherland on the "starring" system.
There is also record (in 1779) of a theatre
being " run" in Shoe Lane by West Digges
(q.v.). In 1789 the building in Queen Stireet
was converted into a chapel, and six years
after (1795), a house in Marischal Street was,
by way of compensation, converted into a
theatre, at a cost of about £3000. This
latter establishment forms the subject of a.
monograph by J. Keith Angus (' A Scotch.
Playhouse,' 1875), from which most of the par-
ticulars in this article are derived. Stepher>
Kemble (q.v.) was the first manager, but.
did not stay in Aberdeen long. In 1799 one-
Bell figured as lessee, in 1802 one Hamilton
and later still came a Mr. Beaumont, a Mr.
and ]Mrs. Mudie, and a Mr. Eraser (1812).
In 1817 the theatre passed into the hands of
Corbet Ryder (q.v.), who remained in posses-
sion till 1842. He was followed by managers
of the names of Langley and Adams, and
by his widow, who afterAvards married a
member of her company called Pollock.
He died about 1853, and Mrs. Pollock con-
ducted the theatre alone till 1S62. She was.
succeeded in 1869 by A. D. jM'Neil (q.v.), and,
later, by Edward Price (q.v.), who, like
M'Xeil, had mai-ried one of her daughters,
by -her first husband. The boards of the
theatre had been trodden at one time or
other by such "stars" as Edmund and
Charles Kean, Charles Mackav, John Van-
denhoff, J. P. Kemble, J. B. Booth, Sheridan
Knowles, Miss O'Neil, T. P. Cooke, G. V.
Brooke, Mrs. Warner, John Bannister,
Daniel Terry, Charles ^NLayne Young, Miss
Helen Faucit, Samuel Phelps, and Oxberry.
The present theatre (Her Majesty's) was
built in 1872 and opened in December of
that year, under the management of W.
Gomersal. The lesseeship has .since been
held successively by Miss Annie Baldwin,
W. M'Farland, and R. Arthur.
Abhorson. An executioner in 'Measure
for Measure' (g. v.).
Abigail. (1) The waiting-woman in
Beaumont and Fletcher's 'Scornful Lady'
ABIMELECH
ABLE
(q.v.). (2) Daughter of Barabas in Mar-
lowe's 'Jew of Malta' {q.v.). (3) Hand-
maid to the Jewess in W. T. Moncrieff'S
play of that name C?.r.). (4) Handmaid to
Lady Agnes in J. B. BucKSTONE'S ' Flowers
of the Forest ' (q.v.). (5) A waiting-maid in
H. J. Byron's 'Princess Springtime' (q.v.).
(6) The Lady Aurora Abigail is first lady of
the bedchamber in Planche's 'Sleeping
Beauty in the Wood' (q.v.). See Allspice,
Abigail.
Abimelecli. An oratorio, music by
Dr. Arnold, performed at Covent Garden
in 1768.
Abing-don, W. L. Actor, born ISGO ;
made his professional debut at Belfast in
18S0, and his London debut, as George Benson
in ' Shadows of a Great City,' in 1S87. Since
then he has figured in the original casts of
Cleary's ' Mirage,' Nisbet's ' Dorothy Gray,'
Doone's 'Daughter's Sacrifice,' Sims and
Pettitt's 'London Day by Day,' Sims and
Buchanan's ' English Rose ' and ' Black
Domino,' Mrs. Wylde's 'Her Oath,' Mackay
and Denbigh's ' The Life we Live,' Miss
Burney's ' The 'County,' Keith's ' Hush
Money,' and Grundy's ,' An Old Jew ;' also,
in the original London casts of Camp-
bell's ' Siberia,' Arthur's ' The Still Alarm,'
Pettitt's 'Hands Across the Sea,' Zola's
' Ther^se Raquin ' (Laurent), 'The Great
Metropolis,' Nouhuys' 'The Gold Fish'
{Kooders), 'The Broken Melody.' and De
Mille's 'The Lost Paradise.' He has also
been seen as Dr. Bank in ' A Doll's House '
(1891), and Captain Hawtree in ' Caste '
(1894).
Abing-ton, Mrs. (Fanny Barton).
Actress, born about 1737, died 1815 ; the
daughter of a private soldier, though some
have traced her connection with the Bartons
of Derbyshire. She began her career as a
flower-girl, being known to " the town" as
•'Nosegay Fan." She afterwards became
servant to a French milliner, and thus ob-
tained a taste for dress, and an acquaintance
■with her employer's native tongue, which
were eventually of much service to her.
She is also said to have acted as cookmaid
in a family, and to have gone through other
and less creditable experiences. Her first
appearance on the stage was made through
Theophilus Cibber, and at the Haymarket
on August 21, 1755, the character being that
•of Miranda in ' The Busybody.' Afterfigur-
ing in a few other parts, she went succes-
sively to Bath and to Richmond, where she
■was engaged by the manager for Drury Lane.
She appeared at the last-named theatre in
Novembei', 1756. In 1759 she married her
music-master, Mr. Abington : and, at the
end of her fourth season at the Lane, mi-
grated to Dublin (Smock Alley Theatre).
There she remained for five years, "highly
esteemed." Reappearing' at Drury Lane in
1765, .she was at once accepted as the repre-
sentative of the leading parts in comedy— a
position which she occupied at the theatre
for the next eighteen years. She will always
be best remembered as the first imper-
sonator of Lady Teazle, but her range of
characters was a wide one. She was the
original of Maria in ' Arden of Feversham,'
Lady Bab in ' High Life Below Stairs,'
Betty in 'The Clandestine Marriaee,' Char-
lotte in ' The Hypocrite,' Charlotte in
' The West Indian,' Bcxalana in ' The
Sultan,' and Miss Hoyden in ' The Trip to
Scarborough.' Among her Shakespearean
parts were Desdemona (1755), Beatrice (1759),
Portia (1759), Ophelia (1771-2), and Olivia
(1771-2). Her other roles included Sylvia
in 'The Recruiting- Officer' (1755), Prince
Prettyman in 'The Rehearsal' (1755), Lady
Pliant in ' The Double Dealer' (1756), Lucy
Locket in 'The Beggar's Opera' (1758-9),
Mrs. Sullen in ' The Beaux' Stratagem '
(1759), Lady Fanciful in 'The Provoked
Wife' (1759), the "fine lady" in 'Lethe'
(1759), Kitti/ in 'High Life Below Stairs'
(1759), Miss Prue in ' Love for Love ' (1760-1),
Polly Honeyeomhe in G. Colman senior's
plav (1760-1), Widoiv Bellmour in 'The Way
to keep Him ' (1760-1), Mrs. Oakley in ' The
Jealous Wife' (1761-2), Polly Peachum in
' Beggar's Opera ' (1764-5), Millamant in
'The Way of the World' (1765-6), Lady
ToM'uZe?/ in 'TheProvokedHu.sband' (1767-8),
Mrs. Ford in ' Merrv Wives of Windsor'
(1769-70), Lady Sadlife in ' The Double Gal-
lant ' (1769-70), Lady Betty Modish in ' The
Careless Husband' (1769-70), Lady Froth in
' The Double Dealer' (1772-3), Miss Hoyden
in 'The Man of Quality' (1773-4), Lady
Flutter in 'The Discovery' (1775-6), Lydia
Languish in 'The Rivals' (1776-7), Lady
Backet in 'Three Weeks after Marriage'
(l7Si-5), Scrub in 'The Beaux' Stratagem'
(1785-6), and Bisarre in 'The Inconstant'
(17S7-8). Davies wrote of her : "So various
and unlimited are her talents, that she is not
confined to females of a superior class ; she
can descend occasionally to the country girl,
the romp, the hoyden, and the chambermaid,
and put on the various airs, humours, and
whimsical peculiarities of these under-parts ;
she thinks nothing low that is in nature :
nothing mean or beneath her skill which
is characteristical." O'Keefe testifies that
" Mrs. Abington's manner was charmingly
fascinating, and her speaking voice melo-
dious. She had pecuUar tricks in acting ;
one was turning her wrist, and seeming to
stick a pin in the side of her waist. She
was also very adroit in the exercise of her
fan." Dibdin records that "her taste for
dress was novel and interesting. She was
consulted by ladies of the first distinction,
not from caprice, but from a decided con-
viction of her judgment in blending what
was beautiful with what was becoming."
See Davies' ' Life of Garrick ' (1780), Dibdin's
'History of the Stage' (1795), O'Keefe's
' Recollections ' (1826), Gene.st's 'English
Stage ' (1832), Taylor's ' Records of Mv Life '
(1869), Crahb Robinson's 'Diary' "(1869),
Dutton Cook's 'Hours with the Players'
(1881), and 'Actors and Actresses' (New
York, 1886).
Able. A character in Howard's ' Com-
mittee ' (q.v.).
ABOAN
ABROAD AND AT HOME
Aboan. A character in Southerne's
'Oroonoko ' (q.v.).
Abomelique. The hero of the old
melodrama 'Blue Beard' (q.v.), and of H.
J. Byron's burlesque of that name (q.v.).
He figures in Planche and Dance's ' Blue
Beard' (q.v.) as the Baron Abomelique, and
in BURNAND's 'Blue Beard' {q.v.) as the
Baron Abomelique de Barbe Bleue.
Abomelique the Second. Prince of
Piombino in ISABELLA VERNIER'S ' Barber
and Bravo' (q.v.).
Abon Hassan. A character in the
' Arabian Nights,' and the leading figure in
(1) 'Abon Hassan : ' a farce by W. Dimond
(q.v.), first performed at Drury Lane on
April 4, 1S25, with Horn as the hero, Miss
Graddon as Zulima, Bedford as the Caliph,
and Mrs. Orger as Zobeide ; first produced
in New York in 1S27. The main incidents
had previously been treated by O'Keefe in
his 'Dead Alive' (q.v.). Abon and Zulima
have married contrary to the wishes of the
Sultan and Zobeide, but, after certain mysti-
fications produced by their pretending to be
dead, they are taken back to favour. (2)
' Abu Hassan ' (q.v.). (3) ' Abon Hassan ; or.
The Hunt after Happiness : ' an extravaganza
by Francis Talfourd (q.v.), first performed
at the St. James's Theatre, London, on
December 26, 1854, with ^Nliss Marshall in
the title part, J. L. Toole as Uaroun-al-
Itaschid, and Miss Eleanor Bufton as Equa-
■nocta ; "smartly written, but inett'ective,"
was E. L. Blanchard's comment in his
' Diary.' (4) 'Abon Hassan ; or, An Arabian
Knight's Entertainment : " an extravaganza
by Arthur O'Neil, first performed at the
Charing Cross Theatre on December 11, 1869,
with Miss E. Fowler in the "name role," C.
P. Flockton as Haroun, and Miss R. Roberts
as Zobeide.
Aboudlefatalikh.anshah. The pacha
in W. H. Oxberry's 'Pacha's Pets' (q.v.).
About, Edmond. The ' Roi des Mon-
tagues ' of this author (1S2S-1S84) was the
foundation of Tom Taylor's 'Brigand and
his Banker' (^'.r.). See, also, Sunny Side,
Thzo.
A"bout Town. A comedy in three acts
by Arthur W. A'Beckett (q.v.), first per-
formed at the Court Theatre, London, on
:\Iay 12, 1873, with Edgar Bruce as Sir Walter
Mervyn, Chippendale, jun., as Monteagle,
Miss Kate Bishop, Miss Marie Litton,
George Rignold, E. C. Righton, and INIrs.
Stephens. Mervyn and Monteagle are two
young men " about town." The comedy was
first played in America at Daly's Broadway
Theatre, New York, on September 29, 1873,
with Miss Minnie Waltou in Miss Bishop's
part.
Above and Below. A comic drama
in two acts, by Edward Stirling (q.v.), first
performed at the Lyceum Theatre, London,
on July 16, 1846, with a cast including A.
AVigan, F. Matthews, Keeley, Diddear,
Meadows, and Miss Fairbrother. In this
piece the action is carried on simultaneously
in two rooms, one "above" and one "be-
low." See Actor of All Work; Sans
Souci.
Abra-Mule ; or, Love and Empire.
A tragedy by Dr. Joseph Trapp (q.v.),
founded on a " history of the dethronement
of Mahomet lY." by Le Noble (translated
by " S. P."), and first performed at Lincoln's
Inn Fields in January, 1704, with Mrs.
Bracegirdle in the title part, Yerbruggen as
Pyrrhus, Betterton as Mahomet IV., and
Powell as Solyman. Abra-Mule loves and
is beloved by Pyrrhus, the grand vizier ;
Mahomet, the emperor, and Solyman, his
brother, also love her ; but Mahomet is
deposed,and Solyman resigns her to Pyrrhus.
Abra.dates and Pantbea. (1) A tra-
gedy by Roberts, founded on a passage in
Xenophon's ' Cyropsedia,' and acted in 1770
by the scholars of St. Paul's School. (2)
An unacted tragedy by John Edwards,
published in 1808, and founded, like its pre-
decessor, on Xenophon. Abradates is King
of Susiana, and, he being killed in battle,
his wife Panthea commits suicide. See
Panthea.
Abraham. The Hebrew patriarch is
the central figure in various old dramas.
(1) The story of Abraham and Isaac, for
example, forms the subject of plays in the
Chester, Coventry, and Widkirk series. The
Chester play has a comic prologue by one
" Gobbet on the Green " (q.v.). For analysis
and quotations, see Collier's ' Di-amatic
Poetry ' (miracle-plays). (2) ' The Ti-agec\ie
of Abraham's Sacrifice ; ' a religious play,
translated by Arthur Golding (g.i'.) from
the French of Theodore Beza, and published
in 1577. (3) ' Abram and Lot' figm-es in
Henslowe's list of the plays acted by "the
Earl of Sussex's servants " in 1593. (4)
•Abraham,' a 'mystery,' was edited by J.
P. Collier, and published in 1836.
Abraham and Isaac. See Abraham.
Abraham Parker. See Addison, H. R.
Abraham's Sacrifice. See Abraham.
Abrahamides. A character in 'The
Tailors' (q.v.).
Abram and Lot. See Abraham.
Abricotina. The princess's maid, in
PLANCiiii's 'Invisible Prince' (q.v.).
Abroad and at Home. A comic opera
in three acts, by J. G. Holman (q.v.),
first performed at Covent Garden Theatre
on November 19, 1796, Avith INIrs. Second as
Miss Hartley, INIrs. Martyr as Kitty, Incledon
as Ilarcourt, Quick as <SVr Simon Flourish^
Fawcett as Young Flourish, Munden as Old
Testy, and Knight as Young Testy. Old
Flourish and old Testy are the guardians of
3Iiss Hartley, and each desires to marry her
to his son. But young- Testy marries Kitty,
Miss Hartley's maid, thinking her to be her
mistress ; young Flourish is supposed to be
" abroad," though really "at home;" and
ABSALOM
ACCUSATION
2'fL^s Hartley is united to Harcourt, whom
she loves.
Absalom, son of King David, was the
hero of (1) a drama by Bishop Bale (q.v.),
no longer existent ; (2) a manuscript Latin
tragedy by John Watson, Bishop succes-
sively of i>incoln and Winchester, referred
to by Ascham in his 'Schoolmaster' (1570)
and Meres in his 'Palladis Tamia' (1598).
See David and Bethsabe.
Absence of Mind; or, Wanted
£5. A comedietta, adapted by W. Poel
from the German of Kotzebue, and per-
formed atthe Victoria Theatre, London, with
a cast including the adapter and Mrs. C.
M'arner ; also, at the Olympic Theatre, July
11, 1884.
Absences de Monsieur (Les). See
Absent Man ; Out of Sight, Out of Mind.
Absent Apothecary (The). A farce
in two acts, attributed to the authors of
'Rejected Addresses' (James and Horace
Smith), and first performed at Drury Lane
on February 10, 1S13. It was finally con-
demned on the second night of its produc-
tion. Miss Kelly, Bannister, John.stone, and
Knight were in the cast. "The 'Ab.sent
Apothecary' was by no means an original
character, as he strongly resembled the
* Absent Man ' " (q.v.).
Absent, liOrd and Lady. Characters
in Taverner's 'Artful Wife' (q.v.).
Absent Man (The). (1) A farce .said to
have been written by Thomas Hull (q.v.),
■and first performed at Covent Garden on
April 28, 1764, with Shuter, Dunstall, Mat-
tocks, and Miss Miller in the cast. (2) A
farce by Isaac Bickerstaffe (q.v.), per-
formed at Drury Lane on March 21, 1768,
with King as Shatterhrain the hero, Cau-
therley as Welldon, and Mrs. W. Barry as
Flavia. Shatterhrain is engaged to marry
Flavia, but forgets all about the ceremony,
and the lady takes the opportunity to espou.se
Welldon, her lover. The author confesses to
having taken the idea of the farce from La
Bruyere's " character" of Menalcas. (3) A
farcical comedietta in one act, freely adapted
by G. Roberts {q.v.) from ' Les Absences de
Monsieur ' {q.v.), and first performed at the
Holborn Theatre, London, on June 18, 1870,
with A. Wood as J^l armaduke Maze and W.
Brunton as Sam Sloper.
Absent One (The). See Wigan,
Horace.
Absolute, Sir Anthony and Cap-
tain. Father and son in Sheridan's
'Rivals' (7. r.). Sir Anthony, says Hazlitt,
is " an evident copy after Smollett's kind-
hearted and high-spirited Matthew Bram-
ble" (a character in 'Humphrey Clinker.')
Captain Absolute, in love with Lydia
Languish (q.v.), masquerades as ' Ensign
Beverley.'
" Absolute the knave is ! (How)."
— ' Hamlet,' act v. so. 1.
Abstract and brief chronicles of
the time." Hamlet's description of "the
players " in act ii. sc. 2. " After your death,"
he adds, " you were better have a bad
epitaph than their ill report while you live."
Abu Hassan. An operetta, music by
Weber, produced, with an English libretto,
at Drury Lane in 1835. See Abon Hassan.
Abudah. An Arab wamor in Hughes's
* Siege of Damascus ' (q.v.).
Abudah ; or, The Talisman of
Orosmanes. A musical piece by J. R.
Planche (q.v.), founded on one of Ridley's
' Tales of the Genii,' and produced at Drury
Lane Theatre, London, on April 13, 1819, with
H. Kemble as Ahvdah, Harley as Fadlah-
dallah, and IVIrs. Bland as Zemroude. " The
ballads sung in it were set by that extra-
ordinary character, Michael Kelly" (q.v.).
Abuses: "containing both a Comedy
and a Tragedy, performed July SO, 1606,
before the Kings of Great Britain and Den-
mark, by the Children of Paul's." See Sir
Thomas More.
Academy (The) ; or. The Cam-
bridg-e Dons. A manuscript comedy by
Joshua Barnes, in the library of Emmanuel
College, Cambridge; "appears," says W. C.
Hazlitt, "to have been written about the
year 1675."
Academy of Music. See New York
Theatres.
Acasto, Lord, in Otway's 'Orphan'
(q.v.), is father to Castalio, Polydore, and
Serina, and guardian of Monimia.
Accomplished Maid (The). A comic
opera, adapted from 'La Buona Figliuola'
of Goldoni by Edward Toms (q.v.), and first
performed at Covent Garden on December 3,
1766, with Mrs. INIattocks as Fanny the
heroine. Mattocks as Lord Bellmour, and
Shuter, Dibdin, etc., in other parts. Fanny,
a foundling, turns out to be a German
baroness, and is married to Bellmour.
Accring^on (Lancashire). The Prince's
Theatre here was built in 1882.
Accusation ; or, The Pamily of
Ang-lade. A play in three acts, by J.
Howard Payne (q.v.), adapted from the
French, and first performed at Drury Lane
on February 1, 1816, with Miss Kelly as Ma-
dame d'Anglade, Rae as D'Anglade, Wallack
as Valmore, Mrs. Glover as Madame de
Cerval, and Bartley, Barnard, Knight,
Powell, and Penley in other parts. Another
version, entitled 'The Portfolio' (q-v.), was
brought out at Covent Garden on the same
evening as a farcical after-piece. The play
was produced in ?sew York in 1816, with
Mrs. Barnes as Madame d'Anglade. Hazlitt
wrote of 'Accusation' that " the old histo-
rical materials are rather scanty, consisting
only of a narrative of a robbery committed
on a nobleman by some members of his own
household, for which a INI. d'Anglade, who
with his fumily occupied part of the same
hotel, was condemned on false evidence to
the galleys."
ACCUSING SPIRIT
ACIS AND GALATEA
Accusing: Spirit (The); or, The
Three Travellers of the Tyrol. A
drama in three acts, by W. E. Suter (q.v.),
first performed at the Grecian Theatre,
London, on March 5, 1S60, Avith ]Mead as
£ric; revived at the Queen's Theatre in
May, 1861, with C. Sennett as Uric.
Ace of Clubs (The). A play in five
acts, adapted by Arthur Shirley from
P. Decourcelle's 'L'As de Trefle' (Ambigu,
Paris, March, 1883), and first played at the
Theatre Royal, Darlington, on March 22,
1889.
Achademios, The Comedy of. A
dramatic work by John Skelton (q.v.),
referred to by him in his ' Garlande or
Chapelet of Lawrell ' (1523).
"Aches." — 'Tempest,' act 1. sc. 2.
John Kemble's mode of pronouncing this
word — as if in two syllables — was the cause
of much controversy and excitement. In
1806 "a crowded house attended Cooke's
first performance of Prospero merely to
ascertain whether he would or would not
adopt his manager's orthoepy. Cooke dis-
creetly avoided the difficulty by omitting
altogether the lino in which the disputed
word occurs."
Achilles. The Greek hero is a promi-
nent personage in several dramatic pieces :
(1) ' Achilles ; or, Iphigenia in Aulis : ' a
tragedy by Abel Boyer (q.v.), translated
from the ' Iphigeuie ' of Racine, and per-
formed at Drury Lane in 169i), with Powell
as Achilles, Wilks as Agamemnon, Gibber as
Ulysses and Calchas, Mills as Areas, iNIrs.
Rogers as Iphigenia, and Mrs. Knight as
Clytemnestra. The only variation from
Racine is in the last scene of the fifth act.
The play was revived at Covent Garden in
March, 1778, under the title of ' Iphigenia.'
It was printed in 1700. See Victim, The.
(2) 'Achilles :' an opera by John Gay (q.v.),
first performed at Covent Garden on Feb-
ruary 10, 1733, with Salway in the title part,
Quin as Lycomecles, Chapman as Ulysses,
and Miss Norsa as Ueidamia. " This piece,
which is in the manner of the ' Beggar's
Opera,' is aludicrous relation of the discovery
oiAcliilles by Ulysses. The scene lies in the
court of Lycomecles. Achilles is in woman's
clothes through the whole play, and it con-
cludes by his marriage with Deidamia."
Doran remarks that, "by the treatment of
the subject. Gay did not manifest the inno-
cency to which he laid claim, nor show him-
self either in wit a man or in simplicity a
child." Under the title of 'Achilles in
Petticoats,' Gay's opera, altered by George
Colman (q.v.), and set to music by Dr. Arne,
was brought out at Covent Garden on De-
cember 16, 1773, with Mattocks as Achilles,
Du-Bellamy as Lycomedes, and Mrs. Mat-
tocks as Deidamia. (3) ' Achilles in Scyros : '
an opera, translated from Metastasio by
John Hoole, and printed in 1800. (4)
' Achilles in Scyros : ' a dramatic poem by
Robert Bridges (q.v.). — Achilles has
figured also in burlesque, e.g. in Kenney's
*La Belle Helene' (q.v.), and R. Brough'a
* Siege of Troy ' (q.v.).
Achilles in Petticoats. See Achilles.
Achilles in Scyros, See Achili^s.
Achman. An actor employed at Drury
Lane, mentioned by Churchill in ' The Ros-
ciad,' and highly praised by Hugh Kelly
(q.v.).
Achmet. A character in Brown's
'Barbarossa' (q.v.).
Achmet, Mrs. Actress (nde Egan), and
a pupil of Lee Lewis ; made her firsc appear-
ance in Smock Alley Theatre, Dublin, about
1785, and was successful there in ' The
Grecian Daughter,' 'Imoinda,' and other
plays. After her marriage she toured in
the English provinces, and in 1789 made
her debut in London at Covent Garden as
Juliet. Among her other parts was Sir
Harry Wildair. "In person," wrote a
contemporary, " she is elegant, in action
graceful, but deficient in force and anima-
tion." See the ' Tliespian Dictionary' (1805).
Achoreus. A character in Beaumont
and Fletcher's 'False One' (q.v.) and
CiBBER's ' Cajsar in Egypt' (q.v.).
Achurch, Janet. Actress, born 1864 ;
made her debut in London at the Olympic
Theatre in 1883, playing Lady Stanmore in
'A Great Catch' and Lady Albemarle in
'The Queen's Favourite.' She afterwards
toured through the provinces, starring as
Lady Audley in. 'Lady Audley's Secret' and
Mercy Merrick in 'The New Magdalen,' etc. ;
and playing ,"lead" with F. R. Benson in a
round of Shakespearean and other "legi-
timate " plays (Lady Macbeth, Queen iu
' Hamlet,' Pauline in ' Lady of Lyons,' etc.).
Between 1886 and 1890 she enacted in Lon-
don the following (and other) original
r6les : CUmence in 'A Gay Husband,'
Angela in Chambers and Little's 'Devil's
Caresfoot,' Alice Lellairs in Buchanan's
' Partners,' Mathilde in Wills and Grundy's
' Pompadour,' Ile.^ter Prynne in Nelson's
' Scarlet Letter,' and Nora in Ibsen's 'Doll's
House." In 1890-2 she and her husband-
Charles Charrington (q.v.) — undertook a
"starring" tour in Australia, India, and
Egypt, where she added largely to her
repertory. Returning to London in 1892,
she appeared at the Avenue Theatre as
Stephanie de Mohrivart in ' Forget me Not '
(q.v.), and at the Grand Theatre, Islington,
as the Princess Claudia in ' The Red Lamp '
(q.v.). In 1893 she "created" at the Royalty
the title 7'6les of 'Alexandra' (q.v.) and
' Clever Alice ' (q.v.), and at Terry's the lead-
ing female part in W. H. Pollock's ' An Inter-
lude,' in A. C. Doyle's ' Foreign Policy,' and
in J. M. Barrie's ' Becky Sharp.' At the
former theatre, also, she appeared as Ad-
rienne Lecouvreur. In 1896 she was seen
at the Avenue as Pita in ' Little Eyolf,' and
in 1897 at the Olympic as Cleopatra. See
Mrs. Daintree's Daughter.
Acis and G-alatea. (1) A masque, by
Peter Motteux (q.v.), founded on a story
ACOLASTUS
ACTING AS A PEOFESSIOX
in Ovid's ' Metamorphoses,' bk. xiii. ; set
to music by John Eccles, and performed at
Drury Lane, with Mrs. "VViUis, jun., as Acis,
and Mrs. Tenoeas Galatea ; also at Lincoln's
Inn Fields. In this piece the lovers are
made " happy at last by marriage." It was
first printed in 1701. (2) A dancing enter-
tainment at Drury Lane in 1728. (3) A
"serenata," founded on the same story as
that of Motteux's masque ; music by Handel,
words by JOHN Gay (q.v.), with additions
by Dryden, Pope, and Hughes ; composed
at Cannons, probably in 1720, and performed
there, probably, in 1721 ; first pei-formed in
London at the Haymarket in 1732, in three
acts, and with Miss" Arne as Galatea; revived
at the Queen's Theatre, London, in Feb-
ruary, 1831, with Mrs. Glover, Mrs. Humby,
E. Seguin, T. Green, etc., in the cast ; at
Drury Lane by Macready, on February
5, 1S42, Avith Miss P. Horton as Acis,
Miss Romer as Galatea, H. Phillips as
Polyphemus, and the scenery from designs
by Stanfield ; at New York in 1842. with
Mrs. Seguin ; at the Princess's Theatre,
London, in August, 1869, with Vernon
Bigby as Acis, Herr Formes as Polyphe-
mus, and Miss Blanche Cole as Galatea;
and at the Gaiety Theatre, Glasgow, in
1876, with G. Perren and Madame Rolt in
the title parts, and Signor Foli as Poly-
phemus. It was first printed in 1732. (4) A
burlesque of ' Acis and Galatea,' by W.
H. OxBERRY iqv.), was produced at the
Adelphi Theatre, London, in 1842, three
days after Alacready's production of the
original. (5) A travesty by F. C. Burnand
{q.v.), entitled 'Acis and Galatea; or. The
Nimble Nymph and the Terrible Troglo-
dyte,' was brought out at the Olympic The-
atre, London, on April 6, 1863, with Miss
Hughes as Galatea, and Miss Annie Kemp
as Acis. (6) A burlesque, by T. F. Plowman,
entitled ' Acis and Galatea ; or. The Beau !
■ the Belle ! ! and the Blacksmith ! ! ! ' was
produced at the Victoria Theatre, Oxford,
in 1869.
Acolastus. A " comedy " on the story
of the Prodigal Son ; translated by John
Palsgrave, for the use of children, from the
Latin of Fullonius ; and printed in 1540,
with the .statement that Fullonius had " set
it forthe before the bourgeses of Hagen [the
Hague] in Holand, anno MDXXix."
Acorn. (1) The Acorns, in Raymond's
'Farmer's Daughter' {q.v.), include Farmer
Acorn, his brother George, and his daughter
Mary. (2) Jack Acorn figures in I\Irs. Su-
sanna RowsoN's ' Columbia's Daughter '
(q.v.).
Acoulina, A character in 'The Serf
Acres, Bob, in Sheridan's ' Rivals '
(q.v.), is described by Hazlitt as "a distant
descendant of Sir Andreiv Aguecheek" (q.v.).
"Squire Acres," says a more recent critic,
" is a country gentleman of limited intel-
ligence, and incapable of acquiring, even by
contagion, the curious system of referentia'l
swearing by which he gives variety to his
speech. But his indeterminate valour is
sj aptly utilized, and his ultimate poltroon-
ery in the duel scene is so whimsically deve-
loped, that he would be a very hard-hearted
critic indeed who could taunt Mr. Acres
with his artistic shortcomings." Byron has
recorded in ' Don Juan ' how
" Through his palms Bob Acres' valour oozed."
Acrobat (The). A drama in four acts,
founded by Wilson Barrett (q.v.) on 'Le-
Paillasse' of D'Ennery and Fournier, and
first performed at the Olympic Theatre,
London, on April 21, 1891, with the author
as Belphcgor, Miss Winifred Emery as'
Madeline, Cooper Cliffe as Lavarennes, and
G. Barrett as Flip-Flap. See Belphegor.
Across Her Path.. A play in four acts,
by Annie Irish (q-v.), founded on Miss A.
Sevan's novel of the same name, and first
played at Terry's Theatre, London, on
January 21, 1890, with the adapter as tho
heroine.
Across the Atlantic. See Home.
Across the Continent. A drama,
in prologue and three acts, by James
M'Closkey (q.v.), played at the Alfred
Theatre, London, in July, 1871 ; at Victoria
Theatre in March, 1872. In America Miss
Ada Rehan has played Agnes Constant in
this drama.
Act at Oxford (An) . See Hampstead-
Heath.
Act-drop (The). The name given to the
curtain, usually painted in a more or less-
artistic .style, which is " dropped " at the
conclusion of each "act" of a play. In
some theatres it is the custom to drop and
draw a curtain from each side of the pro-
scenium, and that is generally called a.
" tableau curtain."
Act8ea,in Halm's 'Son of the Wilder-
ness' (q.v.), is the unother oi Parthenia (q.v.),
Actaeon, the hunter changed by Diana
into a stag, is the hero of R. Cox's ' Actseon-
and Diana' (q-v.), and figures also in W.
Brough'S 'Endymion' (q.v.).
Actaeon and Diana. An interlude
by Robert Cox, "with a pastoral story of
the nymph Qilnone, followed by the several
conceited humours of Bumpkin the hunts-
man, Hohhinal the shepherd. Singing Simp-
kin, and John Swahher the seaman," founded
on a passage in the ' JMetamorphoses ' of
Ovid, and described in the second edition
(1656) as having been performed with ap-
plause at the Red Bull. To this edition was
added the character of Simpleton the smith.
The interlude was reprinted in Kirkman's
' Wits ' (1673), and in Chetwood's ' Collection*
(1750).
Acting- as a Profession. The name
of the first English professional actor is, it
need scarcely be said, not known. Nor,
one may add, is there any record of the-
first professional performance in England.
Dutton Cook observes that " acting^ as a
distinct profession, seems to have been
known in England at least as far back as
ACTING AS A PROFESSION
ACTING AS A PROFESSION
the reign of Henry VI.," but everything
depends upon what is understood by "act-
ing." Another historian of the stage re-
minds us that " the pagan Saxon era had
its dialogue-actors or buffoons," and he goes
on to relate that "when the period of
Christianity succeeded, its professors and
teachers took of the evil epoch what best
suited their purposes." " In castle-hall,
before farmhouse fires, on the bridges, and
in the market-places, the men who best per-
formed the united offices of missionary and
actor were, at once, the most popular
preachers and players of the day" (Doran).
The alliance between "the Church and the
Stage" is, indeed, as old as it has been
intimate. The monks welcomed the wander-
ing strollers, and, it is said, did not disdain
to compose songs for them to sing. At last,
the rapprochement became such that " actors
and other vagabonds " were prohibited by
royal decree from having access to the
monasteries. Then, it would appear, the
clergy began to vn-ite their own dramas and
play in them themselves. (See M0R.4.LITIES
and Mysteries.) The first official recogni-
tion of the actor as a professional person
was made, apparently, by the Duke of Glou-
cester, who was afterwards to become so
famous and so infamous as Richard III.
The duke had players attached to his house-
hold, and, when he had no need of their
services, sent them, so to speak, "on tour"
for their own benefit. Others of the nobility
followed his example, and eventually actors
in the pay of the aristocracy were allowed,
by royal licence, to give performances wher-
ever and whenever their employers per-
mitted them. Of Henry VII. we read that
he employed official "players of interludes,"
and Collier prints a document, dated Easter,
1494, in which the actors acknowledge the
receipt of their pay for the half-year. By
1509 "acting had become an ordinary occu-
pation," but "it seems not to have been
considered by any means a respectable vo-
cation." Henry VIII. followed for a time
his father's example in maintaining players
at court, and at one time rejoiced in "two
companies, styled respectively the "king's
players" and the "king's old players" (1514).
But towards the end of his reign repressive
measures began to be taken with regard to
actors, and in 1543 the first act for the regu-
lation of the stage was passed. In 1547 the
king died, and it is recorded that the players
then came into collision with the clergy,
through announcing "a solempne play,""in
evident opposition to " a solemn dirge " per-
formed by the latter in honour of the de-
ceased monarch. During the reign of Edward
the law was often put in force against per-
formers. In 1549 all plays were suppressed
for a time, and again, in 1551, the players of
the Marquis of Dorset were exhorted under
penalties not to perfoi-m elsewhere than in
their employer's presence. Five years later,
under the auspices of Mary, all "players
and pipers " were forbidden to " stroll,'"' on
the ground that they were "disseminators
of seditions and heresies " (Doran), the fact
being that they were suspected of being in-
fluenced by a desire to serve the Protestant
cause. It was in this reign, too, that the
authorities of London made a raid upon some
actors who were appearing in ' A Sackf ull of
News ' (q.v.). This was said to be " a lewd
play," and the mayor was bidden to send
his officers to the place, not only to arrest
the comedians, but to " take their play-
book from them." The actors were soon
released, but only on condition that they
"and all other players throughout the city"
performed only "between All Saints and
Shrovetide" and only such pieces as were
approved by the Ordinary. In 1572 was
passed the royal decree threatening to treat
as " rogues and vagabonds" all those roving
performers who, before setting up their
stage, failed to secure the licence of " two
justices of the peace at the least." This was
apparently suggested by the large increase
in the number of professional actors. Two
years after, Elizabeth granted the first royal
patent ever conceded to the profession — a
patent empowering Lord Leicester's players
to produce such works as they desired, *" as
well," said her Majesty, "for the recreation
of our loving subjects, as for our solace and
pleasure when we shall think good to see
them." The favour with which Elizabeth
regarded the drama, and therefore the pro-
fession of the actor, is familiar to every-
body. But all her subjects were not so^
complaisant. The magistrates of London
and Middlesex protested against the patent
of 1574, and so persecuted the players as
to lay, no doubt, the foundation of the
enmity with which playwrights so long
pursued the whole clan of justices and
" city knights." In 15S1 the Cambridge
authorities objected to the Earl of Oxford's
actors performing at that town. Archbishop
Bancroft is said to have been favourable to
theatrical exhibitions, but the clergy gene-
rally were certainly not of that mind. In
1579 Gosson had published his 'School of
Abuse ' (q.v.)—" a pleasant invective against
players and such-like caterpillars of a Com-
monwealth," to which reference is made
elsewhere in 'this volume. This was an
assault indeed ; and it was followed in
1616 by one less historically notable, the
author of which, Sutton, was preacher at
St. Mary Overy's. A vigorous reply to
this was made by the actor Nathaniel
Field (q.v.). In truth, the actors were
not wholly blameless, for they were con-
stantly trying to evade the law, and bring--
ing down upon themselves its perfectly
justifiable rigours. They would act at
places and on days which they knew were
forbidden, and they would perform pieces
which they knew were proscribed —c.^t.
in the case of Middleton's ' Game of
Chess' (q.v.), which was held to be offen-
sive to Spain, and was accordingly sup-
pressed, the author being placed in durance
vile. This was the more vexatious, as the
comedy Avas then drawing £100 a day I
During the reigns of James I. and Charles I.,
the theatrical licences were affected very
much by the fluctuations of the plague, the
actors not being allowed to play in London
ACTING AS A PROFESSION
10
ACTING AS A PROFESSION
till the deaths had decreased to thirty per |
Aveek. Thus it is recorded of the year 1625
that the "common players" were then
allowed to come to court, because " the
plagae is reduced to six." In 1631 the
churchwardens and others of Blackfriars
petitioned against the performances given
by the players in that place, and were told
in reply that the queen (Henrietta Maria)
was " well affected " towards plays. It was,
however, enacted that there should be only
two houses in the city, and that each com-
pany should play not more than twice a week,
•' forbearing to play on the Sabbath Day,
in Lent, and in times of infection." This
measure was followed, in 1633, by the second
great published attack on the profession—
namely, Prynne's 'Histrio-Mastix' (g.r.), in
■which it was indignantly recorded that
there were no fewer than five " devil's
chapels" in London. The players, however,
had the Court on their side, and so all went
tolerably well with them till 1647-S, when,
the Puritans being uppermost, the English
stage was for the time suppressed, its
votaries being described as no better than
heathens, and intolerable to Christians.
Many of the actors, we read, took service
with" the king ; others clung to their calling,
and gave surreptitious performances, in face
of the new law to the contrary, some of
these representations taking place in the
houses of wealthy lovers of the drama.
]Many efforts were 'made to obtain the revo-
cation of the hostile decree, but without
effect. At length there was an end to the
Commonwealth ; Monk made his entry into
London on behalf of the second Charles,
and he was at once besought to give his
countenance to the actors. He did so
readily ; and not many hours passed before
the drama was again to be witnessed in one
or more of its old strongholds. From this
point onward the path o"f "the profession"
was fairly smooth. In 1663 Charles granted
patents to Killigrew and Davenant, and
English actors became once more recog-
nized and protected members of society.
True, they still had their enemies. The
authorities of London remained as bitter as
ever against them, and we read that in 1700
the loi'd mayor and aldermen issued an
order, forbidding any playhouse bill to be
set up -within the precincts of the city, and
declaring the theatres a public nuisance.
Twenty years after, Dennis was found taunt-
ing the players of the day with being
" rogues and Vagabonds ; " and certainly the
rule of the lord chamberlain was some-
what arbitrary. The number of patent
theatres in London continued to be strictly
limited up to ISiS, when free trade in
the drama was proclaimed, and when
naturally the personnel of the profession
largely increased. In Scotland, the history
of the player was marked by very similar
vicissitudes. Thus, in 1574, the General
Assembly prohibited all plays founded on
Scripture, and in 1597 the Kirk Session of
Edinburgh fulminated against both players
and their patrons. ISIuch later— in 1715 —
the Presbyterian ministers preached against
the theatre at HoljTood, threatening to
withhold from its frequenters the means of
obtaining the sacrament ; in 1726, Antony
Aston's theatrical company, arriving in
Edinburgh, met with a like reception from
the local clergy ; whilst in 1756, when the
Rev. John Hom'e {q.v.) produced his tragedy
of 'Douglas' iq.v.), the Presbyteries of
Edinburgh and Glasgow " excommunicated,"
not only him, but everybody connected with
the performance ! Nevertheless, with all
this, actors in Scotland could, it seems,
always depend upon an audience, and they
were never at any time so fiercely persecuted
as players in England were by the Puritans.
The annals of acting in Ireland do not begin
till the reign of Elizabeth, during which, it
is recorded, plays were performed at Hoggin
Green, Dublin, before the Lord Lieutenant.
The first Dublin theatre, due to the enter-
prise of John Ogilby, dates from 1635. During
the civil war, the st^age languished in Ireland
as in England, being resuscitated in both
countries about the same time. The Smock
Alley Theatre was opened in 1662, also under
the auspices of Ogilby. The beginnings of
the profession in America would seem to date
from 1733, when, apparently, theatrical per-
formances of some sort were given in New
York. In 1749 there was a company of
players at Philadelphia, and in 1750 it made
its "appearance in New York, afterwards
going to Williamsburg, Virginia. There had
previously been several dramatic seasons in
Jamaica, Avhere ^Nloody, the Irish comedian,
played about 1745, re'turning by-and-by to
England, and sending thence a regular
troupe, which performed in the island in
1751. In 1752 an English company, exploited
by William, and headed by Lewis, Hallam,
appeared at Williamsburg, and this is the
first combination of which we possess many
particulars. The troupe numbered twelve,
each of whom.had one share (out of eighteen
shares) in the* profits, save Le^-is, who had
two shares, one as actor and one as mana-
ger. The advent of the company had been
preceded in 1750 by a declaration of the au-
thorities of Massachusetts against the acting
of stage plays, and it was followed in 1774 by
the closing of the theatres in Philadelphia,
in accordance with a decree of Congress. In
1793 the Massachusetts order was repealed.
In America, as in the United Kingdom, the
early years of the drama were charac-
terized" by much struggling between actors
and the law, the latter, when inimical to
the players, being as far as possible defied
or evaded. At the present moment the
British player has no impediment placed in
his way, the closing of London theatres on
Ash Wednesday, which used to obtain,
having been abolished in lSs5. For some
further details bearing generally on the
subject, see Actors ; Actresses ; Salaries ;
Theatres ; etc. See, also, the histories of
the English stage by Chetwood, CoUier,
Dibdin, Doran, Genest,"etc.; of the Scottish,
by Jamieson ; of the Irish, by Hitchcock ;
and of the American, by Dunlap, Ireland,
Blake, Brown, Clapp, Phelps, etc. ; as well as
the works of James Boaden, Colley Gibber,
ACTING
ACTOR
Duttoii Cook, Thomas Davies, W. Donaldson,
Michael Kelly, J. O'Keefe, etc., and the
biographies of actors generally.
Acting-, The Art of. See Art of
ACTI.NG.
"Action to the word, Suit the."—
Hamlet's advice to the players, act iii. so. 2,
Actor (The). (1) ' A treatise on the Art
of Playing, interspersed with theatrical
anecdotes, critical remarks on plays, and
occasional observations on audiences ; '
adapted from 'Le Com^dien' of Remond
<le Sainte-Albine (1747), and published in
1750. In the first part the writer discourses
on " the principal advantages which a player
ought to have from nature," and in the
second on " those appliances which players
ought to receive from art." Under the first
head he discusses such questions as whether
an actor can excel without a good under-
standing, whether sensibility is the more
important to a performer in tragedy or in
comedy, whether an actor can have too much
fire, whether it would be to the advantage
of all players to be of a distinguished figure,
and so forth. It is laid down that gaiety of
temper is absolutely necessary to the players
in comedy, that no man who has not naturally
an elevated soul can succeed in the part of a
hero, and that only those players who are
naturally amorous should perform the part
of lovers. Underj the second head the
author pronounces on truth of action, truth
of recitation, natural playing, finesses in
playing, by-play, variety and graces in
playing, etc. "The whole theoretical por-
tion of ' The Actor,' " says William Archer,
"is simply translated from 'Le Comedien.'
The adaptation, however, is, if not an abler,
at least a more entertaining book than the
original. Sainte-Albine dealt far more in
precept than in example. The adapter, on
the other hand, lost no opportunity of point-
ing his moral by references to the players
and actors of his own day" ('Masks or
Faces?' 1S88).
(2) ' A treatise on the Art of Playing. A new
work, written by the Author of the former,
and adapted to the Present State of the
Theatres ; ' published in 1755, and including
"impartial observations on the performance,
manner, perfections, and defects " of Garrick,
i^arry, Woodward, Foote, Havard, Palmer,
Ptyan, Mrs. Cibber, Mrs. Pritchard, Mrs.
Wottington, Mrs. Clive, Mrs. Bellamy, and
other contemporary players. This is vir-
tually the book of 1750, re-written and con-
densed. The writer urges, among other
things, that a good actor ought to express his
author's, not his own, ideas ; that he must
himself feel the passion that he would raise
in others ; that any particular turn of mind
is of disadvantage to him ; that an actor
ought to be ditterent from himself on many
occasions ; and so on. ' The Actor ' was
re-adapted into French by Antonio ^Fabio
Sticotti, an Italian player, under the title of
' Garrick, ou les Acteurs Anglois ' (1769),
and this Avork suggested to Diderot (q.v.) an
essay (contributed by him to Grimm's ' Cor-
respondance ') on which he afterwards based
his famous ' Paradoxe sur le Com^dien.'
(3) A poetical disquisition on the art of
acting, written by Robert Lloyd (1733-17C4),
and published in 1760. The author begins
by laying down the axiom that acting
draws its perfection from no observance
of mechanic laws. The player's profession,
he goes on to say,
" Lies not in trick, or attitude, or start —
Nature's true knowle(l;,'e is the only art. . , .
To this one standard make your just appeal ;
Here lies the golden secret — learn to feel. "
It is next asserted that
" The pl.iyer's province they but vainly try
Who want these Tpov/'rs— deportment, voice, and eye."
And, first, in reference to deportment—
"The critic sight 'tis only ffrace can please ;
No figure charms us if it has not case.''
The player is exhorted not to attitudinize,
and is warned, further, against over-acting :
"Of .all the evils which the stage molest,
I liate your fool who overacts liis jest,
AVIio murders what the poet finely writ,
And. like a burglar, haggles all his wit.
Witli shrug, and grin, and gesture out of place,
And writes a foolish comment with his face."
Coming to the voice, Lloyd observes that
it is not enough it should be "round and
clear " —
" 'Tis modulation that must charm the ear."
" Desperate heroines," we are told, should
not " grieve with tedious moan," or "whine
their sorrows in a see-saw tone."
" The voice all modes of passion can express,
Tliat marks the proper word with proper stress ;
But none emphatic can that actor call
Who lays an equal emphasis on all."
Equally does Lloyd censure those who
" Point ev'ry stop, mark ev'ry pause so strong,"
that
" Their words, like stage processions, stalk along."
He condemns those for Avhom " in vain the
pleasing measure tiows," and
" Whose recitation runs it all to prose ; "
and he is not less severe upon those who
rant :
" More nature oft and finer strokes are shown
In the low whisper.tlian tempestuous tone."
In the same way—
" The modes of grief are not included all
In the white handkercliief and mournful drawl ;
A single look more marks th' internal woe,
Than all the windings of the lengthen'd Oh."
From this the poet passes on to enumerate
and castigate some of the vices of the
acting in his time. One of these, he tells
us, is
"A want of due attention on the stage."
He has seen, he says, actors, " and admir'd
ones, too," who
" Seem unmov'd at what the rest may say ;
Whose eyes and thoughts on difTrent objects roam,
Until the prompter's voice recall them Lome."
He specially satirizes those who transfer
their gaze from their brother-actors to
the spectators in the auditorium. He also
deplores the traditional character of the
:>
ACTOR
ACTRESS OF ALL WORK
costumes worn, and "business" adopted, in
certain cases. Finally, he declares that the
true aim of acting is
" To purge the passions and reform the mind,
To give to nature all the force of art,
And while it charms the ear to mend the heart."
We are not to judge of the theatre by its
least creditable characteristics.
"Tho' oft debas'd with scenes profane and loose,
No reason weighs against its proper use."
The poem then concludes with a contrast
between the contemporary honour and ap-
plause accorded to the actor, and the neces-
sarily fleeting nature of his reputation. See
the Theatre magazine for September, 1879.
(4) A 'Guide to the Stage; simplifying
the Whole Art of Acting ; in which the
Dramatic Passions are defined, analyzed,
and made easy of acquirement ; the whole
interspersed with Select and Striking Ex-
amples from the Most Popular Slodern
Pieces ; ' publi-shed in 1821, and described in
the preface as mainly " a re -arrangement of
Mr. Aaron Hill's celebrated Essay upon the
Ilistrionic Art, the positions of that able
writer being merely brought forward, and
enforced by modern examples." For a de-
scription of Hill's essay, see Art of Acting.
Actor (The). A play by T. E. Pemberton
{q.v.), first performed at Birmingham in
May, 1886, with E. Compton and his wife in
the chief parts ; since reconstructed by the
author and E. Compton, and re-christened
' Step-Brothers' (1S91).
"Actor leaves the stag-e, After a
•well-graced."—' Richard II.,' act v. sc. 2
{Duke of York).
Actor of All Work (The) ; or, First
and. Second Floor. A comedietta in one
act, by George Colman {q.v.), founded
on a French piece, and first performed at
the Haymarket, on August 13, 1817, with
Charles Mathews {q.v.) as Midtij^le (q.v.),
and Connor as Velinspeck ; produced at
New York in 1822, with Mathews in his
original part. Multiple, an actor, has been
refused an engagement by Velinspeck, a
manager, on the ground of his incompe-
tency ; so the former sets to work to
appear before the latter in a variety of
characters, including a prompter, a French
tragedian, an apprentice, a Scotch pawn-
bi'oker, his wife, and a fat coachman. He
eventually discovers himself, and Velinspeck
admits his competency. The manager occu-
pies a first and the actor a second floor, both
floors being represented on the stage, as in
' Above and Below ' {q.v.). See Actress of
All Work ; Cozening ; Twelve Pre-
cisely.
Actor's Budg-et,The: " consisting of
monologues, prologues, epilogues, and tales,
serious and comic, togetlier with a rare
collection of theatrical anecdotes and comic
songs ;" written by W. OXBERRY {q.v.), and
printed in 1820. It had been preceded in
1809 by a similar work from the same pen,
entitled ' The Theatrical Banquet ; or, The
Actor's Budget.'
Actor's Daug-hter (An). A play by
Mary Hamilton, first performed at St.
Paul, Minnesota, U.S.A., in 1887.
Actor's Retreat (The). An extrava-
ganza in one act, by W. Brough {q.v.y
and A. Halliday {q.v.), first performed at
the Adelphi Theatre, London, on AugTi.st 11,
1864, with a cast including J, L. Toole, Paul
Bedford, 11. Romer, and Mrs. Alfred Mellon
(Miss Woolgar).
Actor's Wife (The). A domestic
drama in four acts, adapted by Edmund
Leathes from his novel of the same name,
and first performed at the St. James's
Theatre, Manchester, on October 24, 1884.
Actors are mentioned by Shakespeare
in ' Coriolanus,' act v. sc. 3 ; ' Julius Csesar,*"
act ii. sc. 1 ; ' Hamlet,' act ii. sc. 2 ; ' Richard
II.,' act V. sc. 2 ; etc. See Acting as a Pro-
fession.
Actors, An Apolog-y for. See
Apology for Actors, An.
Actors, The Old, and The Relig-ion
of Actors. Essays by Charles Lamb
{q.v.). See his ' Essays of Elia.'
Actors al Fresco. A musical piece
composed by J. Blewitt, T. Cooke, and C. E.
Horn, and produced in 1823.
Actors by Daylig-ht, or Pencil-
lings in the Pit. A weekly illustrated
miscellany, published in 1838-9, and con-
taining memoirs of performers, etc.
Actors by Gaslig-ht, or "Boz" in
the Boxes. An illustrated periodical,
published weekly in 1838.
Actors by Lamplig-ht. See Behind*
the Scenes.
Actors' Remonstrance or Com-
plaint (The), " for the silencing of
their profession, and banishment from their
several playhouses, in which is fully set
down their grievances for their restraint ; "
"as it was presented in the names and
behalfs of all our London comedians . . .
and published by their command " in 1643.
This tract was reprinted in vol. vi. of
' The British Stage ' (1822), the Roxburghe-
Library (1869), Ashbee's ' Facsimile Re-
prints ' (1869), and Hindley's ' Old Book
Collector's iliscellany ' (1873).
Actress by Daylig-ht (An). An
adaptation of Fournier's ' Tiridate, oit
Comedie et Tragedie,' first performed at the-
St. James's Theatre, London, in April, 1871,
with Mrs. John Wood as Anne Bracegirdle,.
Miss F. Brough as Dolly, W. Farren as.
John Burgess, and F. Mervin as Justinian
Burgess ; played in New York in 1868. See-
Art ; Comedy and Tragedy ; Nance Old-
field ; Tragedy Queen.
Actress, Life of an. See Life op
AN Actress.
Actress of All Work (The) ; or.
My Coimtry Cousin. A comic sketch
in one act, by W. Oxberry (a.v.), first per-
ACTRESS OF PADUA
ACTRESSES
(formed at the Strand Theatre, London, in
1819, with Mrs. Edwin in the title part
(Maria), which was afterwards played by
Mrs. Davison, Mrs. Fitzwilliam, Mrs. Tay-
leure, Miss Booth, IMiss Clara Fisher, Miss
iBrunton, etc. Widdicomb was the original
Frederick. The piece (which was produced
at New York in 1820) is on similar lines to
those of 'The Actor of All Work' (g.v.).
Maria, a country actress, is in love with
Frederick, son of a manager who refuses to
engage her until (like Multiple) she gives
him proof of her ability by assuming several
•diverse characters, e.g. a country gawky, a
London actress, a deaf old lady, a literary
fop, and an opera-singer.
Actress of Padua (The). A play,
adapted by John Brougham {q.v.)irom the
' Angelo ' of Victor Hugo, and performed at
New York in May, 1852, with Miss Charlotte
Cushman in the title part (Tisbe) ; produced
in London, at the Haymarket, in May, 1855,
with Miss Cushman, Howe (as Angelo), ^y.
Farren (as Rodolfo), and Miss Reynolds (as
•Catarina); also at the Theatre Royal, Dublin,
in November, 1873, with Miss Genevieve
AVard as Tishe ; revived at Daly's Broad-
way, New York, in same year and month.
See Angelo.
Actress of the Present Day
^The). An anonymous novel, published in
1817, "in Avhich the villainy of hypocrisy
is justly exposed, and held up to public
detestation, while the virtuous mind, har-
assed by the snares of temptation and
insult, finally triumphs over every artifice of
calumny and slander, and arrives at dignity
and honour."
Actresses first appeared on the English
stage in 1629, when a troupe of French
players, male and female, relying, no doubt,
upon the patronage of their countrywoman.
Queen Henrietta Maria, essayed to give
performances at Blackfriars. Up to this
time the feminine parts in the native drama
had been enacted invariably by boys or
youths, trained to the profession by the
older actors, who were allowed to take
them as apprentices, and were paid for
tlie services they rendered. Thus the em-
ployment of women was a striking inno-
vation, and it is not surprising that it
was resented by the playgoers of the day.
According to a letter addressed to Laud,
then Bishop of London, by one Thomas
Brande, the public were indignant. The
French actresses were " hissed, hooted, and
pippin-pelted from the stage," so that the
■wi'iter "did not think they would soon be
ready to try the same again." As a matter
of fact, they reappeared a few weeks after
at the Fortune and Red Bull theatres, but
Jiot successfully. They were, indeed, so far
.from being popular that the Master of the
Revels, "in respect of their ill luck," re-
turned them a portion of the fees which
they had had to pay for their licence.
Three years later, in 1632, Lady Strangelove,
in Brome's comedy, ' The Court Beggar '
iq.v.), was made to say : "The boy's a pretty
actor, and his mother can play her part :
women-actors now grow in request." But
it is not clear to what actresses the allusion
refers. In 1633 Prynne brought out his
• Histrio-Mastix ' (q.v.), in which he stigma-
tized all "women-actors" as "monsters,"
and applied to their performances such
adjectives as " impudent," " shameful," and
" un womanish." In 1656 Davenant's ' Siege
of Rhodes' (q.v.) was acted, at Rutland
House, before a paying audience, with a cast
which included Mrs. Coleman as lanthe, and
to that lady, therefore, must be accorded
the honour of having been the first English
professional actress. On December 8,
1660, Killigrew gave, at the theatre in
Vere Street, a representation of ' Othello,'
in which the role of Depsdemona was per-
formed by a woman. The occasion was
signalized by a prologue from the pen of
Thomas Jordan {q.v.), in which attention
was drawn to the special attraction :—
" I come, unknown to any of the rest.
To tell the news ; I saw the lady drest —
The woman plays to-day ; mistake me not,
No man in gown or page in petticoat."
Some of the inconveniences of having men-
actresses were amusingly glanced at :—
" Our women are defective, and so sized
You'd think they were some of the guard discuised;
For, to speak truth, men act, that are between
Forty and fifty, wenches of fifteen ;
With bone so large and nerve so incompliant.
When )ou call Desdemona, enter giant."
The name of the actress who played Desde-
mona is not known. Killigrew's principal
lady at this time was Ann Marshall (q.v.),
and the role would naturally fall to her ;
but there is no record of her having
appeared as the heroine of Othello, and it
is more likely that the part was taken in
this instance by Margaret Hughes {q.v.),
who was the seconda donna of the company.
Pepys, it would appear, Avas not present at
the performance, for, writing about ' The
Beggar's Bush' (q.v.) which he saw at the
same theatre on January 3, 1661, he de-
scribes that as "the first time that ever
he saw women come upon the stage." In
the same month he witnessed Kynaston's
impersonation of a female in 'The Silent
Woman' — the fact being that women did
not at once banish men-actresses from the
stage. Then, in June, 1661, came a per-
foriiiance of 'The Siege of Rhodes' at
Davenant's theatre, with Mrs. Davenport
as Roxalana and Mrs. Saunderson CBetter-
ton) as lanthe. By this time the prejudice
against " women-actors " had abated. Nay,
playgoers, it would seem, had begun to take
as much objection to " boy-actresses " as
they formerly did to "women-actors ;" and
so 'it came to pass that when, in 1662,
Killigrew and Davenant received a renewal
of the letters patent granted to them in
1660, the documents included permission
to place female parts in the hands of
women. In 1664 Killigrew carried the con-
cession to an extreme, for we read that, in
that year, he produced his comedy, 'The
Parson's Wedding' {q.v.), with women in
ACTRESSES, TITLED
ADAM BEDE
all the parts. This.Pepys was " told," took
place "at the Kin<i's house." And it is re-
corded that, in 1672, 'Philaster' and other
playswere represented atLincoln'sInnFlelds
under the same conditions, Dryden writing
prologues for the occasion. In our own
days, 'As You Like It'(g.r.)and an opera di
camera entitled 'An Adamless Eden' (g.f.)
have been represented entirely by women.
See Dutton Cook's ' Book of the Play ' (1876),
J. Knight's preface to his edition of Downes'
' Roscius Anglicanus ' (1SS6), and the various
histories of the British stage.
Actresses, Titled. The following
actresses married men of title : Anastasia
Robinson, who, in or about 1724, became
Countess of Peterborough ; Lavinia Fenton,
who, in 1752, espoused the Duke of Bolton ;
Elizabeth Farren, who, in 1797, married the
Earl of Derby ; Louisa Brunton, who. In
1808, became Countess of Craven ; Mary
Bolton, w^ho, in 1813, espoused Edward,
Lord Thurlow ; Elizabeth O'Neill, who, in
1819, married Mr. (afterwards Sir AVilliam)
Becher (Bart.) ; Susannah Paton, who, in
1824, became Lady William Pitt Lennox ;
Harriet Mellon (Mrs. Coutts), who, in 1827,
espoused the Duke of St. Albans ; Maria
Foote, who, in 1831, married the Earl of
Harrington ; Katherine Stephens, who, in
1838, became Countess of Essex ; Louisa
Mordaunt (Mrs. Nisbett), who, in 1844,
espoused Sir William Boothby, Bart. ;
Helena Faucit, who, in 1851, married Mr.
(since Sir) Theodore IMartin (Kt.) ; also
]Miss Robinson, the wife of Sir Charles
Felix Smith ; Miss Saunders, the Avife of
Sir William Don; Miss Fortescue, the Avife
of Sir W, Gardner ; Miss Belle Bilton, who
married Viscount Dunlo, and became
Countess of Clancarty ; IVliss Constance
Gilchrist, who wedded *the Earl of Orkney ;
Mrs. Fanny Stirling, who married Sir
Charles Gregory ; and Miss Rosie Boote,
who espoused the Marquis of Headfort.
Acts. The principal sections into which
plays are split up; "acts," in their turn,
being frequently— not invariably— broken up
into "scenes." The ancients, apparently,
knew nothing of "acts," the story of the
Greek dramas being arrested onlv by the
interpellation of the Chorus. The first
Greek play in which the Chorus did not
appear was the 'Plutus' of Aristophanes,
and in that the action has no pause. The
first historical reference to "acts" is that
made by Horace in his epistle ' Ad Pisones,'
where he declares that a play ought invari-
ably to consist of five " acts." Among Eng-
lish dramatists there has been, in this
respect, the greatest diversity of habit. By
common consent, "tragedies" of the tra-
ditional sort have mos^tly maintained the
five-act form, but outside of that class there
has been no settled rule. Romantic plays
and comedies have ranged from five acts to
one. In modern comedies the three-act
division has been largely adopted, w^hilst in
some modern "dramas" the "acts" have
been as numerous as nine or more. Of late
years, managers have, on occasion, dropped
or draAvn the curtain at each distinct change
of scene, thus extending the number of
"acts" considerably. See Scenes.
"Acts our ang-els are, Our."—
Beaumont and Fletcher's ' Honest Man's
Fortune ' —
" Or good or ill,
The fatal shadows that walk by us still."
Adah.. A character in Lord Byron's
' Cain : a Mystery' iq.v.).
Adalg-isa. A priestess, in W. West's
version of ' Norma' {q.v.), W. H. Oxberry's
'Norma Travestie '{q.v.), and W. S. Gil-
bert's ' Pretty Druidess' iq.v.).
Adam. Servant to Oliver (q.v.) in 'As
You Like It' {q.v.). "The serving -man,
Adam, humbly born and coarsely nurtured,
is no insignificant personage in the drama ;
and we find in the healthy tone of his
mind, and in his generous heart, which,
under reverses and vATongs, still preserves
its charitabla tr.;:st in his fellows, as well
as in his kindly, though frosty age, a
delightful and instructive contrast to the
character of Jaques [q.v.], which could have
hardly been accidental." There is a tradi-
tion that Shakespeare himself played Adam,
and this is thought to be confirmed by the
folloAA-ing statement of Oldys in reference
to the poet's brother : " All that could be re-
collected from him of his brother Will . . .
was the faint, general, and almost lost ideas
he had of having once seen him act a part in
one of his own comedies, wherein, being to
Eersonate a decrepit old man, he wore a long
eard, and appeared so weak and drooping,
and unable to walk, that he was forced to
be supported and carried by another i)erson
to a table, at which he was seated among
some company who were eating, and one of
them sung a song." This would certainly
appear to refer to act ii. sc. 6 and 7 of ' As
You Like It.'
Adam is the subject of an Anglo-Norman
drama, described in Notes and Queries for
April 9, 1870. He also figures among the
persona} in Lord Byron's ' Cain: a Mystery'
(q.v.). See Death of Ad.\m.
Adam, Adolphe Charles. A French
composer (1803-1856), some of whose operas
and ballets have been performed in England.
His most successful work was ' Le Postilion
de Longjumeau ' (1835). His ' Brasseur de
Preston ' (1S3S) may also be mentioned. See,
further, Giralda.
Adam. Bede. (1) A drama in three act.s.
founded by J. E. Carpenter {q.v.) on George
Eliot's novel, and first performed at the
Surrey Theatre, London, on February 2S, 1862,
wath W. Creswick in the title partj Miss G.
Pauncefort as Hettj/ Sorel, Miss E. Webster
as Dinah Morris, Vincent as Arthur Donni-
thorne, IMiss E. Johnstone as Mrs. Poyser,
and C. Rice, Vollaire, Maclean, etc., in other
parts. (2) A drama in four acts, by W.
Howell Poole, also founded on the novel»
and first performed at the Holborn Theatre
London, on June 2, 1SS4, with W. Rignold
ADAM BUFF
ADDISON
as Adam, and the author, J. Vollaire, H.
Vernon, >Miss Edith Jordan, etc., in other
parts ; afterwards played in the EngHsh
provinces and in London (April, 1SS6), with
W. Ttignold as Adam and Miss Sophie Fane
as Heity.
Adam Buff; or, The Man -witlioxit
a Shirt. A farce in one act, by E. L. Elan-
CHARD (g.v.), founded on a story by Douglas
Jerrold, and first performed at the Surrey
Theatre, London, on March 4, 1850, with
Widdicomb in the title part. Among the
characters axQ Dick Dulcimer, Louisa Laven-
der, Mrs. Scriihwell, Mr. Socrates Shortsiglit,
Miss Deborah Shortsiglit.
Adamant, Abel. A character in G.
Almar's 'Seven Sisters' {q.v.).
AdamlessEden(An). A"comicopera
di camera," words by H. Savile Clarke
iq-v.), music by Walter Slaughter, first per-
formed at the Opera Comique, London, on
December 13, 1SS2, with Miss Emily Cross as
the Duchess of Breeks, Miss Cicely Richards
as Lady Mantrap, etc. ; produced in New
York in November, 1884,
Adams, Ed'win. American actor, born
1834, died 1877 ; made his ddbut at Boston,
U.S.A., in 1853, and his last appearance at
San Francisco in May, 187G. He created,
among other parts, that of Enoch Arden in
the play of that name(^. r.), and was also the
original in America of Robert Landry in
'The Dead Heart,' and of Ivan Khorvitch in
' The Serf.' He was for some time " leading
man " at Booth's Theatre, New York, and
his repertory included all the chief roles in
tragedy. Jefferson writes : "The animation
of his face, the grace of his person, and,
above all, the melody of his voice, well fitted
him for the stage. While he could not fairly
be called a great artist, he was something
often more highly prized— a born actor, a
child of nature if not of art, swayed by warm
impulse rather than by premeditation. His
Enoch Arden, so far as the character is
related to the stage, was a creation entirely
his own, and one, too, that touched the
sympathies of his audience " (' Autobio-
graphy,' 1889-90). — Mrs. Edwin Adams
(daughter of William Whitlock) was an ac-
tress and a danseuse.
Adams, G-eorg-e. Fellow of St. John's
College, Cambridge (circa 1729-35) ; author
of ' The Heathen" Martyr ; or, The Death
of Socrates,' a tragedy (1746) ; translator of
the ' Ajax,' ' Electra,' 'CEdipus Tyraniius,'
* Antigone,' ' QEdipus Coloneus,' ' Trachmire,'
and ' Philoctetes ' of Sophocles (1729).
Adams, Isabel. See CliftOxN, Mrs.
Ernest,
Adams, Jack. A character in A
Beckett and Lemon's ' Peter Wiikins ' (q.v.).
Adams, John Jay. American actor ;
played Hamlet in New York in 1822.
Adamson, John. Translator (from the
Portuguese) of ' Dona Inez de Castro,' a
tragedy (ISOS).
Adcock. Actor ; a member of Lewis
Hallam's first American company. See
Hallam, Lewis.
Addams, Aug-ustus A. American
actor, died 1851 ; Included in his repertory
such parts as Hamlet, Othello, Macbeth,
Drutus, Pierre, The Stranger, Virginius,
Damon, and Canenchet, in ' Miantoninoh '
(q.v.). "From what is known to us of
Augustus Addams, he must have been,"
says Lawrence Barrett, "an actor of un-
common force. He was the idol of his
audiences, and held an equal place with
Forrest [q.v.] for a time in the estimation
of playgoers." See Ireland's 'New York
Stage " (1867).
Addams, Mrs. Aug-tistus.
Porter, Mrs. J. G.
See
Addel, Sir Arthur. A character in
Caryl's 'Sir Solomcn' (q.v.), originally re-
presented by Nokes (q.v.). It is recorded
that, in dressing for the part, Nokes Avas
assisted by the Duke of :Monmouth, who,
in order that the actor might the better
imitate the French fashion of the day, took
off his own sword and belt, and buckled
them to Nokes's side. "Mr. Nokes," says
DoAvnes, "lookt more like a drest up ape
than a Sir Arthur: which upon his first
entrance on the stage put the king and
court to an excessive laughter ; at which
the French look'd very shaggTin, to see them-
selves ap'd by such a buffoon as Sir Arthur "
(' Roscius Anglicanus ').
Addie, Mrs. (Fanny Hamilton). Ac-
tres.-;, born 1816, died July 4, 1875 ; ap-
peared at the Olympic Theatre, London,
in 1841, and was engaged also at the
Princess's and the Adelphi,
Adding-ton, Sir William. Chief ma-
gistrate at Bow Street ; died ISll ; author
of ' The Prince of Agi-a,' a tragedy (1774).
Addison, Carlotta. Actress, born at
Liverpool in July, 1850 ; daughter of E. P.
Addison (q.v.) ; gained her early experience
in her birthplace, and made her debut in
London, at St. James's Theatre, in October,
1866, as Lady Touchwood in 'The Belle's
Stratagem.' She has " created " the folloAV-
ing parts: Adina in Gilbert's 'Dulcamara,'
Jessie Bell in Halliday's ' Daddy Gray,' Mrs.
Waverham in Yates's ' Tame Cats,' Bella in
Robertson's ' School,' Faith Deybrooke in
Robertson's ' :M.P.,' Fanny Smith in Byron's
' Partners for Life,' Ruth in Byron's ' Fine
Feathers,' Ethel Grainger in Byron's
' Married in Haste,' Mrs. Redruth in
Albery's ' Forgiven,' Peep in Albery's
' Oriana,' Victoria Coote in Albery's ' Wig
and Gown,' Mrs. Wagstaffe in 'Committed
for Trial,' Mabel Ransome'in Hay's ' Mabel,'
Cou7itess cl' Av7'anches in i3arrymore's
' Honour,' Mazeppa in Boucicault's ' Mimi,'
Aiint Janet in D. G. Boucicault's 'My
Little Girl,' Lady Dolly in Hamilton's
' ^Moths,' Mrs. Melton in Sturgis's ' Picking
up the Pieces,' Lady Dexter in Thomas and
Stephenson's ' Comrades,' Miss Macleod in
ADDISON
ADDISON
Hamilton's ' Harvest,' Madame 3[orozoff in
Ambient and Lynwood's 'Christina,' Lady
Bellamy in Chambers and Little's ' Devil
Caresfoot,' Padh Rolt in Pinero's 'Sweet
Lavender,' Margaret in 'Dream Faces,' Miss
Brent in Pinero's ' Lady Bountiful,' Mrs.
<ireenthorne in 'Husband and Wife,' Lady
Carsloiv in 'The Fringe of Society,' and
Lady Ingleby in Miss Warden's 'Uncle
Mike.' Miss Addison has also appeared in
the following, among other roles : Maud
Hetherington in Robertson's 'Society' (1S6S),
Dot in 'The Christmas Story' (1S71), Mrs.
Cuthbert in Byron's 'Cyril's Success' (1872),
Nerissa in ' The Merchant of Venice' (1875),
Georgina Vesey in Lytton's ' Money ' (1875),
Grace Harkaway in Boucicault's ' London
Assurance' (1877), Julia in 'The Rivals'
(1878), Cherry in ' The Beaux' Stratagem '
(1879), Minnie in Gilbert's ' Engaged ' (1881),
Lady Muriel Beauclerc in ' A Pantomime
Rehearsal ' (1891), Mrs. Linden in ' A Doll's
House ' (1893), and Mrs. Seabrook in Cham-
bers's ' Captain Swift ' (1893).
Addison, Edward Phillips. Actor,
born 1803, died 1874 ; father of Carlotta and
Fanny Addison (q-v.); "created," among
other parts, those of Xutbrown in Jerrold's
' Heart of Gold,' Binnings in Troughton's
* Leading Strings,' Major Steele in Tom
Taylor's ' Going to tbe Bad,' Percy Kirke
in Taylor's ' Sheep in Wolf's Clothing,'
Father O'Clery in Falconer's ' Peep o' Day,'
Br. Sutcliffe in Robertson's ' School,' Isaac
Skoome in Robertson's 'M.P.,' Father Bar-
beau in ' Fanchette,' and Pickwick in
Albery's adaptation. Among his other
roles may be mentioned Sir Toby in ' Twelfth
Night ' (1851), Lord Priory in Inchbald's
* Wives as they Were ' (1856), Jacob Dale in
Collins's 'Lighthouse '(1857), Causticin 'The
Way to get Married' (1867), Damas in * The
Lady of Lyons' (1867), and Goldthumb in
' Time works Wonders' (1873). See Morley's
* Journal of a London Playgoer ' (1866).
Addison, Fanny. Actress, born in Bir-
mingham in December, 1847 ; daughter of E.
P. Addison (q.v.) ; made her debut in London,
at Her Majesty's Theatre, in November,
1866, as the heroine of Falconer's ' Oonagh,'
after a professional novitiate at Doncaster,
Liverpool, Newcastle, Bath, and Bristol.
She has been the original representative of
the follovsing roles: Josephine de Beaure-
paire in Reade's ' Double Marriage,' Martha
Trapbois in Halliday's ' King o' Scots,' Rosa
Dartle in Halliday's ' Little Em'ly,' Queen
Elizabeth in Halliday's 'Amy 'Robsart,'
Ulric in Halliday's "' Rebecca,' Earl of
Margate in Gilbert's ' La Vivandiere,' Lady
Psyche in Gilbert's 'Princess,' the Countess
in ' The Danischeffs, Sister Celia in Brough-
ton's 'Light and Shade,' Mrs. Rochester in
Willing's 'Jane Eyre,' Lady Tempest in
iVilling's 'Delilah,' Martha in 'Quicksands'
{q.v.), etc. Miss Addison has also been
seen in the English provinces as the heroines
of the Robertson comedies, and in London,
at Toole's Theatre, as Lady Shendryn in
Robertson's ' Ours.'
Addison, Henry Robert. Dramatic
author and journalist ; born 1805, died 1876 ;
began to write for the stage in 1830 ; author
of ' Lo Zingaro,' ' Jessie, the Flower of Dum-
blaine,' and 'Marie, a Tale of the Pont
Neuf ' (in Duncombe's ' British Theatre ') ;
' Locked in with a Lady,' ' Sophia's Supper,'
and ' 117, Arundel Street, Strand ' (in Lacy's
'Acting Edition'); 'Tam o' Shanter' and
' The King's Seal ' (1834), ' The King's
Word' (1835), 'Abb6 Yaudreuil' (1860),
'What! no Cab?' 'Who would be Mar-
ried ? ' ' Malice Prepense,' ' Solon,' ' Abra-
ham Parker,' etc. Addison is said to have
written about sixty pieces for the London
theatres, " many of them iXpropos farces,
most successfully illustrating the popular
topic of the time."
Addison, John. Composer, died 1844 ;
wrote the music for the following pieces (all
of which see) : ' The Sleeping Beauty ' (1805),
'The Roman Impostor' (1809), 'My Aunt'
(1813), 'Two AVords' (1816), 'Free and
Easy' (1816), 'My Uncle' (1817), etc. He
was also part author of the music in ' The
Farmer's AVife ' (1814).
Addison, Joseph. Dramatic writer,
essayist, poet, and statesman ; born 1672,
died 1719 ; Avas the author of ' Rosamond,
opera (1706), 'Cato,' tragedy (1713), and
' The Drummer,' comedy (1715), all of which
see. He also helped Steele in ' The Tender
Husband' {q.v.), and contributed to the
Spectator {q.v.) a number of criticisms on
the drama and dramatic works. "Addison,"
says W. J. Coiirthope, "had not the genius
of a dramatist. The grace, the irony, the
fastidious refinement which give him such
an unrivalled capacity in describing and
criticizing the humours of men as sl spectator
did not qualify him for imaginative sym-
pathy with their actions and passions. . . .
Anybody who reads the thirty-ninth paper
in the Spectator may see, not only that
Addison was out of sympathy with the tra-
ditions of the English stage, but that his
whole turn of thought disqualified him from
comprehending the motives of dramatic
composition." See the ' Lives ' by Steele
(1724), Tickell (1765), Sprengel (1810), Aikin
(1843), and Elwin (1857) ; also Johnson's
' Lives of the Poets,' Macaulay's ' Essays,'
Jeffrey's ' Essays,' Hazlitt's ' Comic Writers,'
Thackeray's 'Humorists of the Eighteenth
Century,' Courthope's ' Addison,' and the
various reprints of the Spectator (edited by
Henry Morley, etc.).
Addison, Laura. Actress, born at
Colchester, 1S22 ; died 1852 ; made her first
appearance on the stage at Worcester in
1S43, playing afterwards at Glasgow, Edin-
burgh, and Dublin. In August, 1S46, she
appeared at Sadler's Wells 'Theatre, where
she remained for three years. In 1849 she
went to the Haymarket, and in 1S50 to Drury
Lane. In 1S51 she migi-ated to America, ap-
pearing at New York in September of that
year as Lady Teazle, and at Philadelphia in
October as Lady Mabel in ' The Patrician's
Daughter.' She was the first representative
ADDISON
AD ELM ANN
of Margaret Randolph in ' Feudal Times,' and
Lilian Savile in ' John Savile of Haystead.'
Among her other roles were Juliet, Portia,
Imogen, Lady Macbeth, Mirandai'Temipest'),
Isabella ('Measure for Measure'), Panthea
(' King and No King '), Juliana, Mrs. Haller,
Mrs. Beverley, and Bianca (' Fazio '). vSee
Brown's ' American Stage ' (1870) and ' Dic-
tionary of National Biography ' (1885).
Addison, Mrs. John (n^e Williams).
Vocalist ; appeared at Covent Garden in 1796
as Rosetta in 'Love in a Village,' and in
other characters. She afterwards sang in
the English provinces and in Ireland (as
"Mrs. Nun.")
Addlebrain, Philander. A character
in Dr. MILLING e.n's ' Who'll lend me a
Wife?' {q.V.).
Adela. A tragedy by Mrs. "West, un-
acted, but printed among the author's
' Plays and Poems ' in 1799.
Adelaide. Daughter of the Count of
Xarbonne, in Jeph-Son's play of that name
{q.v.) ; in love with Theodore.
Adelaide. (1) A tragedy by Mrs. Opie,
privately played at Norwich on January 4
:uid 6, 1791, with the author in the title
part. (2) A historical tragedy in three acts,
Ly Henry James Pye (q.v.), first per-
formed at Drury Lane on January 25, 1800,
■with Kemble as Prince Richard, Mr.s. Sid-
dons as Adelaide, Bavrymore as Prince
John, J. Aikin as King Henry, and C.
Kemble as Clifford. The prologue was by
Southey ; the epilogue was delivered by
Harriett Mellon {q.v.). The play is founded
on Lyttleton's ' History of Henry II.'
Adelaide, sister of King Philip of France,
is in love with and beluved by Richard, but
John tells his brother that Adelaide is also
beloved hy King Henry, and Adelaide, indig-
nant at the jealousy of Richard, takes
refuge in an abbey. She becomes a nun,
and Richard sets off for the holy wars.
(3) ' Adelaide ; or. The Emigrants : ' a
tragedy in five acts, by R. SiiEiL (q.v.),
performed at Covent Garden (for the tirst
and only time) on May 23, 1816, with Miss
O'Neil in the title part, C. Kemble as Count
Lunenburg, and Young, Abbott, Murray,
Egerton, Mrs. Egerton, and Miss Foote in
other parts. " If," says Hazlitt, " there
had been one good passage in this play, it
would infallibly have been damned. But
it was all of a piece ; one absurdity justified
another. . . . Count iz<ne?i?>u?-/7 cannot marry
Adelaide, because 'his emperor's frown' has
j forbidden his marriage with the daughter
I of an emigrant nobleman ; and so, to avoid
! this imperial frown, he betrays her into a
pretended marriage, and thus intends to
divide his time between war and a mistress.
: Hence aU the distresses and mischiefs which
} ensue." 'Adelaide ' was printed in 1816, but
j without the epilogue (spoken by Mathews
: as Sir Fretful Plagiary). It was produced
I at New York in 1S19. (4) A dramatic frag-
; ment, adapted by W. Poel from the German
of Dr. Hugo Miller, and performed at the 1
Vaudeville Theatre, London, on the after-
noon of July 5, 1887. It deals with an
incident in the life of Beethoven.
Adelaide of "Wulfing-en. An unacted
tragedy in four acts, adapted from the
German of Kotzebue by B. Thompson
iq.v.), and printed in 1798. The heroine,
unknowingly, commits incest, and in a fit
of frenzy kills her two sons.
Adelbert of Warsaw. A play pro-
duced at New York in 1819.
Adelg-itha ; or, The Fruits of a
Sing-le Error. A tragedy in five acts,
written by M. G. Lewis (q.v.), with inci-
dental music by Kelly ; first performed at
Drury Lane on April 30, 1807, with Mrs.
Powell as the heroine, EUiston as Lothair,
Raymond as Michael Ducas, H. Siddons
as Robert Guiscard, and Mrs. H. Siddons as
Imma. Adelgitha is the wife of Guiscard,
but, when very young, had been seduced
by George of Clermont. Lothair is her
unacknowledged son by George. In the
absence of Guiscard, Ducas makes love to
her. He possesses her letters to George,
and threatens exposure. Ultimately he is
stabbed by Adelgitha, who, though forgiven
by Guiscard, kills herself. Imma is beloved
by Lothair. 'Adelgitha' was played in Ame-
rica, for the first time, in 1808. It was fre-
quently revived : notably at Covent Garden
in 1819, with Miss Somerville as Adelgitha,
C. Kemble as Lothair, Macready as Duccyr,
and Young as Guiscard ; at Drury Lane in
1823, with Kean as Lothair and Cooper as
Ducas; at the Bowery Theatre, New York,
in March, 1827, with Mrs. J. R. Duff as
Adelgitha, Charles Young as Guiscard, Blake
as Lothair, and G. Barrett as Ducas ; at
Drury Lane in April, 1828, with John
Cooper as Guiscard, Wallack as Ducas, and
Miss Foote as Imma. Guiscard, Lothair,
and Ducas were all among J. R. Duff's
parts.
Adelinda. A play by Hannah Brani>
(q.v.), printed in 1798. It was adapted fi-om
the ' Force du Naturel ' of Destouches. See
Genest's ' English Stage ' (1832).
Adeline. A melodrama in three acts,
adapted fi-om the French by Howard
Payne (q.v.), and first performed at Drury
Lane on February 9, 1822, with Miss Copeland
as the heroine, INIiss Smithson as Countess
Wilhelm, S. Penley as Coimt Wilhelm, and
Cooper as Dorlin. The Count, under the
guise of an artist, has seduced Adeline,
daughter of Dorlin, a blind old soldier ;
and Adeline, when she finds the Count is
married, throws herself into a river, and
ultimately dies on the stage. The play was
performed at New York in INIay, 1822, with
Miss Johnson in the title part and Mrs.
Battersby as the Countess.
Adelle. 'The New York Saleslady,' in
the play of that name (q.v.).
Adelmann. Mayor of the palace, in
Tom Taylor's ' Wittikind an ' his Brothers'
(q.v.). ^
ADELMORN
18
ADRIAX AND ORRILA
Adelmorn; or The Outlaw. A drama,
^v-ith songs, in three acts, by M. G. Lewis
■[q.v.), first performed at Drury Lane, May 4,
isoi, with C. Kemble as the hero, Raymond
as Count Ulric, Bannister, jun.,as Lodoivick,
Suett as Hujo, and Mrs. Jordan as Innogen.
Adelmorn is suspected of having killed his
uncle, is arrested, escapes, and is outlawed.
Lodou'ick discovers that the crime has
really been committed by Ulric, and de-
nounces him. The ghost of the uncle
appears, and Ulric confesses his guilt. Iltifjo
is a minstrel and " a good comic character.'
Reduced to two acts, ' Adelmorn ' was
revived at Di-ury Lane in 1802, and was
performed at New York in the same year.
Adelphi ; or, The Brothers. A
comedy hv Terence (B.C. 160) ; translated
into English by Bernard (1598), Hoole (1663),
Echard and others (1694), Bentley (1726),
Cooke (1734), Patrick (1745), Gordon (1752),
the elder Colman (1765), Cotter (1824), Riley
(1848), Giles (1856), Parry (1857), Davies
(1869), :Mongan (1S&1\ Burnett and Haydon
(1887), and Hawkins (1891).
Adelphi Theatre- See London
Theatres.
"Adieu; farewell earth's bliss."
First line of a song in Nash's ' Summer's
Xast Will and Testament' (q.v.)—
' This world uncertain is !
Fond are life's lustful joys ;
Death proves them all but toys."
Adina; or, The Elixir of Love.
A.n English version of Donizetti's opera,
' L'Elisir d'Amore,' first played at the Court
Theatre, Liverpool, on February 24, 1892.
The heroine of this work is the heroine also
of Reynoldson's adaptation of 'L'Elisir
d'Amore ' (q.v.), and of \V. S. Gilbert's bur-
lesque, 'Dr. Dulcamara' (q.v.).
Aditha. A tiring- woman in Talfourd's
burlesque, ' Godiva' (q.v.).
Admetus. King of Thessaly, in
Spicer's 'Alcestis' (q.v.), and in Tal-
fourd's burlesque of that name (q.v.).
Admirable Crichton (The). (1) A
tragedy by G. Galloway, printed in 1802.
(2) A play, first performed at Drury Lane
on June 12, 1820, with Kean as the" hero,
a character in which he gave imitations
■of celebrated actors and exhibitions of
singing, dancing, and fencing, etc. He was
supported by Mrs. Robinson, Oxberry,
Holland, and Penley. (3) An adaptation of
Harrison Ainsworth's story, ' Cri^chton '
(1837), performed at the Adelphi Theatre,
London. (4) A "fantasy" in four acts, by
J. M. Barrie, Duke of York's Theatre,
London, November 4, 1902, with H. B.
Irving in the title-part, and other roles by
Miss Irene Vanbrugh, Miss Sybil Carlisle,
H. Kemble, etc.
Adolphe. The page in 'Falsacappa'
(q.v.).
Adolphine. A character in MON-
crieff's ' Monsieur Tonson' (qv.).
Adolphus, John. Author of ' Memoirs
of John Bannister, Comedian' (1839).
Adolphus and Clara ; or, The T
Two Prisoners. A comedy in one act, ■
translated by Eleanor H from the French
of J. B. Marsollier, and printed in the Lady's
Magazine for 1804. "This," says the ' Bio-
graphia Dramatica' (1812), "is a translation
from the drama from which Mr. Kenney
took his opera of ' Matrimony ' [q.v.]."
Adonis. The central character in the
following pieces :—(l) 'Adonis:' a burlesque,
produced at the Bijou Theatre, New York,
on September 3, 1884, with H. E. Dixey in
the title part ; first performed in London at
the Gaiety Theatre on May 31, 1886, vnth
Dixey in his original role. (2) ' Adonis II. :'
an extravaganza produced at New York on
November 28, 1892, with H. E. Dixey in the
principal role — that of a statue of Adonis,
.supposed to be vivified. — Adords also figures
in C. DiBDiN's 'Poor Vulcan ; or, Gods upon
Earth' (q.v.), Blanche and Dance's 'Pa-
phian Bower' (7.1'.), and in F. C. Burnand's
' Venus and Adonis ' (q.v.).
Adonis Vanquished. A comedy in
two acts, adapted from 'Le Dt^gel' by Vin-
cent Amcotts (q.v.). See Rapid Thaw, A.
Adopted Child (The). A musical
piece, words by Samuel Birch (q.v.), music
by Thomas Attwood (g.i!.); first performed
at Drury Lane on INlay 1, 1795, with Ban-
nister, jun., as Michael, Suett as Record,
and Trueman as Sir Bertrand. The adopted
child of Michael, a ferryman, claims, on the
strength of certain papers, to be the heir
of the estates, held by Sir Bertrand, of which
Record is the steward. The piece was pro-
duced at New York in 1796, with Jefiierson
as Michael.
Adoption. A 'matrimonial mixture,'
by Richard Henry (q.v.), first performed at
Toole's Theatre, London, on ]\Lay 26, 1890,
with Miss Cicely Richards and Miss M',
Illington in the cast.
Adoration of the Shepherds (The)J
The subject of plays in the Chester, Coventry '
and Widkirk series. For analysis and quo'
tations, see Collier's 'Dramatic Poetry \
(miracle-plays).
Adrasta; or, The "Woman's Spleerj
and Love's Conquest. A tragi-comed:'
by John Jones, founded on Boccaccio'.i
' Decameron,' viii. 8 ; unacted, but publishec
in 1635.
Adrastus. King of Argos, in Talfourd';
• Ion' (q.v.).
Adrian andOrrila; or, A Mother':
Vengeance. A play in five acts, by W
Dimond (q.v.), first performed at Coven;
Garden on November 15, 1806, with C. Kembl
and Miss Brunton in the title parts, Mis;
SmitiJ H5S Matilda (Mdme. Clermont), Cook
as PriiiCc of Altenburg, and Munden a
Cnnnt of Rc$eiiheim. Altenburg has seduce
Matilda and refused to marry her. Shf
ADRIAN IN SYRIA
ADVENTURES OF A NIGHT
in revenge, steals his legitimate son Adrian,
and passes him off as her own. By-and-
by Altcnburg, Adrian's mother being dead,
is about to wed Orrila, daughter of Rosen-
heim; but Orrila and Adrian are in love,
and, Matilda confessing all to Altenburg,
the youth is released and marries Orrila,
Altenburg promising to wed Matilda. The
play included songs by Kelly. It was pro-
duced in New York in December, 1S07, and
was revived at the Bowery, there, in January,
1827, with Mrs. J. R. Duff as Matilda, Bernard
as Adrian, J. R. Duff as Prince of Altenburg,
and Mrs. G. Barrett as Orrila. Duff and his
wife also played the title parts in America.
Adrian in Syria. An opera, trans-
lated from Metastasio by John Hoole (g.u.),
and printed in 1800.
Adriana. Wife to Antipholus of
Ephesus, in 'The Comedy of Errors ' (g.u.).
Adrienne. Daughter of Madeline, in
Burnand's 'Proof (q.v.).
Adrienne ; or, The Secret of a
Life. A drama by H. Leslie {q.v.), first
performed at the Lyceum Theatre, London,
on November 12, 1860, with Mdme. Celeste
as the heroine {Adrienne de Beaiqyre), H. G.
Neville as Victor Savignie, G. Vining as
Engine de Grassac, Mrs. Keeley as Gisnetta
Scarotta, and J. Johnstone and J. Rouse in
other parts. Adrienne's "secret " is her sup-
position—unfounded, as it turns out— that
her mother was not her father's wife.
Adrienne Lecouvreur. A famous
French actress (born 1690, died 17G0), upon
a feigned incident in whose life MM. Scribe
and Legouve founded the drama produced
at the Thefitre Frangais on April 14, 1849,
with Rachel in the title role and Regnier
as Michonnet. The part of Adrienne became
a great favourite with Rachel, and was the
last in which she appeared on the stage
(at Charleston, U.S.A., December 17, 1S56).
There have been several versions of the play.
(1) One, Avritten by JOHN OxENFORD, and
entitled 'The Reigning Favourite' {q.v.),
was produced in 1849. (2) In 1853 Miss
F. Davenport appeared in New York in
an adaptation by herself, called 'Adrienne
the Actress,' playing the title rule, and
supported by Davidge as Michonnet. In
1858 Mdme. Ristori produced in London
an Italian arrangement of the drama.
In 1862 Miss Avonia Jones {q.v.) appeared
at the Adelphi as Adrienne, with Mrs.
Billington as the Princess de Bouillon,
J. Billington as Maurice de Saze, J. L.
Toole as Michonnet, and D. Fisher as the
Abbi. (3) Miss Helen Faucit appeared as
Adrienne at Manchester, for a week, in an
adaptation made by her husband. Sir (then
^Ir.) Theodore Martin. This version has
lately (1892) been used, by permission, by
a com.pany headed by W. Farren, junior.
Mdme. Bernhardt represented Adrienne (in
French) at the Gaiety Theatre, London, in
May, 1880, supported by Mdlle. Devoyod,
and MM. Train, Chameroy, Dieudonne, and
Talbot. (4) In December of the same year
aidme. INIodjeska— who had already played
the rdle in America in 1S77— appeared as
Adrienne (in a version by Henry Herman)
at the Court Theatre, London, with Miss
Amy Roselle as the Princesse de Bouillon,
Miss Winifred Emery as the Duchess
d'Aumont, Forbes Robertson as Maurice de
Saxe. J. D. Beveridge as the Prince de
Bouillon, Lin Rayne as the Abbi, and G. W.
Anson as Michonnet. The same version was
used when, in December, 1882, Miss Marie
de Grey played Adrienne at the Olympic,
with F. H. INIacklin as Saxe, F. Terry as the
Abbe, and Miss H. Cresswell as the Princess;
and when, in April, 1SS3, IMiss Wallis {q.v.)
represented Adrienne at a matinee at the
Gaiety, London. The part has also been
played in England by Miss Achurch {q.v.)
(at the Royalty, London, 1893), Miss Lingard
(q.v.), Miss AUeyn {q.v.), etc.
Adrienne the Actress. SeeAcRiENNE
Lecouvrelr.
Adventurers (The). (I) An anony-
mious two-act piece, printed in 1777. (2) A
farce in two acts, by E. Morri.s, first per-
formed at Drury Lane on INIarch 18, 1790,
with R. Palmer as Shift {Lord Gleanwell),
Whitfield as Mar-all {Metaphor), Suett as
Sir Peregrine Bramble, and Bannister, jun.,
as Peregrine Bramble. Shift and Mar-all
are the adventurers under assumed names.
(3) A comedy in three acts, by E. Rose
{q.v.), founded on Awgier's 'L'Aventnriere,'
and first performed at the Strand Theatre,
London, on the afternoon of June 24, 1892,
with IMiss C. Ivanova and C. W. Somerset in
the title parts, and A. Elwood and H.
Eversfield in other rdles.
Adventures in Madrid. A comedy in
three acts, by Mrs. Pix (7. r)., produced at the
Haymarket, London, probably in 1706, with
Booth as Gaylove, Husband as Bellmour,
Freeman as Don Gomez, Mrs. Bicknell as
Lisset, Mrs. Bracegirdle as Laura, and INIrs.
Barry as Clarinda.
Adventures of a Billet-Doux (The).
An adaptation, by Charles Jajmes Mathews
{q.v.), of Sardou's 'Pattes de Mouche,' first
performed at Drury Lane on November 19,
1860, with the adapter and Mrs. Mathews as
Major Blunt and Catherine Bright, IMrs. F.
Matthews as Mrs. Wagstaff, and H. J. JMon-
tagu and Miss Fanny Josephs in other parts.
It has also been played under the title of
'Adventures of a Love-Letter.' See Scrap
OF Paper.
Adventures of a Love-Iietter. See
Adventures of a Billet-Doux.
Adventures of a Nigrht (The). (1)
A farce by W. Hodson, first performed at
Drury Lane on March 24, 1783, with Parsons
as Morecraft, Palmer as Hastings, Bannister,
jun., SiS Sprightly, Baddeley as Diaper, and
Barrymore as Fairlove. " The bulk " of the
piece, says Genest, "is taken from 'The
Coffee-House Politician'" {q.v.). (2) A
comedy in three acts, founded by Meyrick
Milton upon the original of Tuke's ' Ad-
ventures of Five Hours ' {q.v.) and first per-
formed at the Lyceum Theatre, Edinburgh,
ADVENTURES OF A VENTRILOQUIST 20
yEROSTATION
June 19, 1893 ; performed at the Strand
Theatre, London, on the afternoon of July
21, 1893, by the author, W. H. Vernon, L.
Lablache, F. MelHsh, and Misses M. Whitty,
A. Ferrar, and C Richards.
Adventures of a Ventriloctuist
(The) ; or, The Rog-ueries of Nicho-
las. A farce in three acts, by Moncreiff
(q.v.), performed at the Adelphi, London, in
or about 1823. It was written in order to
exhibit the powers of Alexandre the ventri-
loquist, and had to do with the love affairs
of a Cai)tain Furlough and a Miss Pillburp,
who are aided by Nicholas, old Pillbury's
servant.
Adventures of Dick Turpin and
Tom King-. See Dick Turpin.
Adventures of Five Hours (The).
A "tragic-comedy" by Sir Samuel Tuke
(q.v.), adapted, at Charles II. 's suggestion,
from a Spanish comedy (' Los Empeuos de
Seis Horas') and produced at the Lincoln's
Inn Fields Theatre in January, 1663, with
Betterton as Don Henrique, Harris as
Antonio, Young as Octavio, Mrs. Betterton
as Portia, and Mrs. Davenport as Camilla.
Octavio is in love with Portia, and Antonio
■with Camilla. For some time all four
are at cross purposes, o-ning to mistaken
identity and other misunderstandings ; but
in the end each pair of lovers is made happy.
Pepys, who saw the piece played at White-
hall, not only praised it for be"ing " without
a word of ribaldry," but protested that, in
comparison with it, 'Othello' was "a mean
thing"! Langbaine proclaimed it "one of
the best plays now extant for o^conomv and
contrivance," and Echard described the plot
as "one of the pleasantest stories that ever
appeared upon our stage." The play, which
contains the well-knoAvn couplet—
" He is a fool who thinks by force or skill
To turn the current of a woman's will "—
was printed in 1664 and 1671. It was revived
(compressed) at the Haymarket in 1707, and
(still more compressed) at Drury Lane in
1727. See Adventures of a Night (2)
and Perplexities.
Adventures of Half an Hour (The).
AfarcebyCHRisTOPHER Bullock (^.v.), first
performed at Lincoln's Inn Fields on :March
19, 1716, with the author as Aminadah, an
apprentice. The piece deals with the flirta-
tions of Mrs. Tang and Captain Courtall, and
the jealousy of Tagg.
Adventuress (The). (1) A play by
B. H. Hilton, performed at the Alexandra
Theatre, Liverpool, in February, 1871. (2)
A play, adapted by T. S. Amory from
Delpit's ' Fils de Coralie,' and performed at
the Theatre Royal, Newcastle, in :May, 1882,
with Miss Adeline Stanhope as the heroine.
See Coralie and Id alia.
"Adversity, Sweet are the uses
of."— 'As You Like It,' act ii. sc. 1 (the
Dulce). Shakespeare also has a reference
to "Adversity's sweet milk, philosophy:"
' Romeo and Juliet,* act iii. sc. 3 {Friar
Laurence).
Advertisement (The) ; or, A Bold
Stroke for a Husband. (1) A comedy by
Mrs. Gardner {q.v.), first performed at the
Haymarket Theatre on August 9, 1777, Avith
Parsons, Edwin, Jackson, Blisset, R. Palmer,
and the authoress in the cast. (.2) ' The
Advertisement ' was the title of a farce by
Fennell, produced in London in 1791, and
in New York in 1804.
Advice Gratis. A farce in one act,
by C. Dance {q.v.), first performed at the
Olympic Theatre, London, on September
29, 1837, with ^Y. Farren as Odbody, F. Mat-
thews as Eventide, and Mrs. Orger as Mrs.
Eventide; produced in New York in Feb-
ruary, 1838, with Placide as Odbody.
Advice to Husbands. A comedietta
in one act, by Charles Sears Lancaster,
first performed at the Princess's Theatre,
London, on October 6, 1846, with J. Vining
and Mrs. Stirling in the chief parts.
Advocate (The); or, The Lost
Cause. A play by H. P. Grattan, per- ,
formed in New York in 1848 and 1858.
Advocate's Daugrhter (The). This
play was performed at Edinburgh Theatre:
Royal in 1856-7, with Henry Irving as
Herbert.
Adze, Andrew. A character in T. E.
WiLKS's 'Michael Erie' {q.v.).
-ffietes. King of Colchis in Planchk's
' Golden Fleece' {q.v.).
-^g-eon. A merchant of Syracuse ii
' The Comedy of Errors ' {q.v.) ; husband o
jEmilia, and father of the two Antlplwl
{q.v.). He tells his story in act i. sc. 1.
-aSg-isthus. King of Mycense, in F
Talfourd's 'Electra' {q.v.).
-ffig-lamour. The "sad shepherd" i
Ben Jonson's dramatic fragment of tha
name {q.v.).
-ffilla. "A tragj-cal enterlude or di;
coorseynge tragedie, wrotenn bie Thoma
Rowleie," and published in 1777. This ws'
one of the fabrications of Thomas Chattei ■
TON {q.v.).
-ffimilia. The abbess in ' The Comec
of Errors' {q.v.); wife of yEgeon {q.v.), a.!,-
mother of the two Antipholi {q.v.).
.aEmilius. A character in Home'
' Siege of Aquileia' (q.v.).
-SEneas ; or, Dido Done. Aburlesqi
by H. S. Granville ; Theatre Royal, Cor
March 2, 1868.— ^/ieas figures also in :\Ia !
LOWE and Nash's ' Tra^Tedy of Dido ' {q. r .
HOARE's 'Dido' (q.v.j, and Burnani :
'Dido' (q.v.).
-ffineas's Reveng-e. See Troy's R
VENGE. ,
-ffirostation ; or. The Templai,;
Stratag-em. A farce in two acts, bv '
PiLON {q. V. ), first performed at Co vent G ard i
^SCHYLUS
AFRICANS
on October 29, 1784, with Quick as Quarto,
Mrs. Webb as the Widoiv Grampus, Bonnor
as Mineall, Wewitzer as Dawson, Davies as
George Gordon, and Miss Ranoe as Sojjhia
Harland. Quarto, a bookseller, desires to
marry the Widoxv, and his nephew and heir,
George, wishes to prevent his doing so,
Mineall, a Templar, suggests that Dawson,
disguised as a German baron, shall make
love to the lady ; and when he does, she
favours him. Quarto retires, gives George
an estate, and George and Sophia are married.
•"Much," says Genest, "is said about bal-
loons, for which there was at that time a
rage."
.ffischylus. The complete works of this
great tragic writer (B.C. 525-456) have been
translated into English by Potter (1777), an
anonymous author (1822), Buckley (1849),
Paley (1864), Plumptre (1868), and Swan-
wick (1873) ; the ' Lyrica Dramas ' by
Blackie (1850). See Copleston's ' ^schyius.'
See also Agamemnon ; Orestes ; Prome-
theus ViNCTUS ; Septem contra Thebes.
JEsop, the fabulist, figures in Coyne
and Talfourd's 'Leo the Terrible' {q.v.).
See Esop.
.ffisop. A comedy in two parts, by Sir
John Vanbrugh {q.v.), founded on the
'Esope' of Boursault, and produced at Drury
Lane in 1697, with Gibber in the title part,
Dogget as Learchus, Harland as Oronces, and
!\Ivs. Temple as Euphronia. Learchus desires
his daughter Euphronia to marry uEsop; but
>;he loves Oronces, to whom JEsop eventually
transfers her. The fiftli act, and the cha-
racter of Sir Polidorus Hogstye, are entirely
Vanbrugh's. The play was printed in 1697,
and again in 1702, with a new second part,
consisting of three scenes. It was revived
at Drury Lane in 1708, with Mrs. Oldfield as
Euphronia ; at Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1725,
with Quin as ^sop ; at Drury Lane in 1738,
with Gibber, jun., as Sir Polidorus, and
Macklin as Quaint; at Covent Garden in
1742, "with songs in masonry;" and at
Drury Lane in 1758, with Mossop, Yates,
O'Brien, Palmer, Holland, INIrs. Clive, and
Mrs. Pritchard. Reduced by T. Sheridan
to the dimensions of a farce, the piece
was produced at Drury Lane in 1778, with
Henderson as ^Esop and Farren as Oronces.
See Light and Shadow.
-ffisop in the Shades. See Lethe.
-ffisop's Cro-w. A play, performed at
Court in the reign of Edward VI., "where-
in," says a contemporary writer, "the
moste part of the actors were birds," i.e.
dressed as such. It is mentioned in
' Beware the Cat,' 1584 (Fleay).
-ffisop's Fables. A farcical comedy
■by J. P. HuRST (g.v.), first performed at the
Strand Theatre, London, on July 19, 1889,
with G. Giddens as ^Esop Brooks, whose
"fables" form the basis of the plot.
iEthiop (The); or, The Child of
the Desert. A play in three acts, by W.
DiMOND iq.v.), first performed at Covent
Garden on October 6, 1812, with C. Kemble
as Haroun Alraschid, Young as Almanzor,
Miss S. Booth as Orasmyn, Mrs. C. Kemble
as Zoe, Liston as Benmoussaf, Simmons as
Mustapha, and Egerton, Fawcett, and Mrs.
Davenport also in the cast ; first seen in
New York in 1813. Alraschid is the ^thiop,
that being the assumed character in which
he unmasks and frustrates the conspiracy of
Almanzor to place Orasmyn on the throne.
There is an underjjlot based on the amorous
pursuit of Zoe by Benmoussaf ^nd Mustapha.
-ffitius. A character in Beaumont and
Fletcher's ' Yalentinian' {q.v.).
-ffitius. An opera translated from Me-
tastasio by John Hoole (g.r.), and printed
in 1800.
Affahle, "Wido-w. A character in ' Call
again To-Morrow' {q.v.).
Affair of Honour (An). A farce by
W. L. Rede {q.v.), first performed at the
Olympic Theatre, London, with Liston as
Major Limkey, Keeley as Captain Carnage,
J. Vining as Dr. Clements, Miss Fitzwalter
as Mdme. Tourmlle, and Miss Goward (Mrs.
Keeley) as Martha ; produced in New York
in 1838, Avith Placide as Limkey. The piece
turns upon a device by which the doctor
succeeds in carrying off Mdm£. Tourville
from her two military suitors.
Affected Ladies (The). A comedy by
John Ozell {q.v.), Hterally translated from
the ' Precieuses Ridicules ' of Moliere {q.v.).
Affectionate Father (The). A comedy
by James Nelson, printed, with some essays
by the same author, in 1786. See ' Biographia
Dramatica' (1812).
Affectionate Son (The). A comedy
"from Engel," printed in Holcroft's 'Thea-
trical Recorder' {q.v.).
AflBLnities. A drama in five acts, adapted
by Mrs. Campbell Praed {q.v.) and Mrs.
JOPLING, from a novel written by the
former ; printed in 1885.
Afrancesado. A play in two acts, by
T. J. Serle, first performed at Covent
Garden in 1838-9.
Africaine (L); or, The Queen of
the Cannibal Islands. (1) A burles-
que of Meyerbeer's ' L'Africaine,' written
by F. C. BURNAND {q.v.), and first per-
formed at the Strand Theatre, London, on
November 18, 1865, with D. James as NeUisko,
T. Thorne as Selika, J. D. Stoyle as Vasco
di Gama, H. J. Turner as Don Diego, Miss
Raynham as Don Pedro, Miss Elise Holt as
Do7i Alva, and Miss A. Swanboroueh as
Inez. (2) ' L'Africaine ; or, The Belle of
Madagascar : ' a burlesque in one act, by
Captain Arbuthnot.
African Roscius(The). SeeRoscius,
African.
Africans (The) ; or, "War, Love,
and Duty. A play in three acts, by
George Colman, jun. (q.v.), the music by
Kelly {q-v.) ; founded on a story in ' Les
AFTER
AGAMEMNON
Nouvelles du Florian,' and first performed
at the Haymarket on July 29, ISOS, vrith a
cast including Young, Listen, Fawcett, J.
Palmer, Mrs. Gibbs, and ]Mrs. Liston. " This
play," says Genest, "is a strange mixture of
tragedy, comedy, and opera."' It was pro-
duced in America in ISIO.
After. A drama in one act by Scott
Battams, first performed at the Vaudeville
Theatre, London, on the afternoon of May
27, 1SS7, with a cast including Miss Sophie
EjTe ; revived at the Vaudeville in February,
1888, with Miss Helen Barry in the leading
part.
After All. (1) A comedy in three acts
by W. 31. Duckworth, first performed at
the Prince of AN'ales Theatre, Liverpool,
October 13, 1S73. (2) A vaudeville, words by
F. Desprez (q.v.), music by A. Cellier ; first
performed at the Opera Comique Theatre,
London, on December 16, 1S7S. (3) A play
in a prologue and three acts, suggested by
Lord Lytton's ' Eugene Aram," written by
Freeman Wills and Frederick Lang-
bridge, and produced at the Theatre
Royal, Dublin, on October 7, 1901, with
Martin Harvey as Eugene Aram; pre-
sented at the" Avenue 'I heatre, London,
January 15, 1902, with Martin Harvey as
Aram.
After Business Hours. A comedy
adapted by Augustin Daly (g.r.) from the
German of Blumenthal, and first performed
at Daly's Theatre, New York, on October 5,
1SS6, vs-ith a cast including Miss A. Rehan
{Doris), J. Drew, J, Lewis, etc.
After Dark : a Tale of Liondon
Life. A play in four acts, by Dion Bouci-
CAULT {q.v.), first performed at the Princess's
Theatre, London, on August 12, 1S6S, with G.
Vining as Old Tom, Walter Lacy as Chandos
Bellingham, Dominick Murray as Dlccy
Morris, H. J. Montague as Sir 'George Med-
hurst, J. G. Shore as Gordon Chumleii, 'Sliss
Rose Leclercq as Eliza, and Miss Trissy
Marston as Rose Egcrton; first performed in
New York at the Bowery and Niblo's Garden
in November, 1S6S; re'vived at the Globe
Theatre, T,ondon, in 3Iay, 1S77, with J.
Ryder as Old Tom, J. Billington asChnmler/,
H. H. Vincent as Medhurst, E. Righton as
Morris, AV. J. Hill as Area Jack, C.Harcourt
as Bellingham,, Miss E. Ritta as Eose, and
Miss Lydia Foote as Eliza ; and at the
Princess's Theatre in June. 1S77, with J.
Fernandez as Old Tom, W. Terriss as J/e-i-
hurst, H. Jackson as Morris, H. Russell
as Bellingham, Miss R. Coghlan as Eliza,
I\Iiss K. "Pattison as Rose, and ]SIiss Fannie
Leslie as Jack ; at the Park Theatre,
London, in March, 1S79. with C. Collette as
Old Tom, Miss A. Steinberg as Ftose, and
Miss Stella Brereton as Eliza; and at the
Princess's Theatre in Noveml)er, 1891, with
H. Neville as Old Tom, F. Mellish as Sir
George, W. L. Abingdon as Bellingham, W.
E. Shine as Dicey, H. Bedford as Area
Jack, Miss B. Selwyn as Eliza, and Miss
E. Terriss as Rose.
After Dinner. (1) A farce by Herbert
Gardner (q.v.). (2) A farce bv F. Netmore
(1871).
After Long- Years. (1) A drama in
one act, by Sydney Grundy ('7.r.), trans-
lated from Scribe and Caraille's ' Le Mauvais
Sujet,' and first performed at the Folly
Theatre, London, on December 6, ls79, with
a cast including E. W, Garden. (2) A
comedy-drama in three acts, by Arthur
Law (q.v.) and Mrs. Herbert Purves, first
performed at Torquay in October. 1SS6; pro-
duced at the Criterion Theatre, London, on
the afternoon of February 2. 1SS7. (3) A
comedietta by G. Godfrey, Pavilion Thea-
tre, London, December, 1SS9.
After Many Days. A comedietta in
one act, by A. Elwood (q.v.), produced at
the Globe Theatre, London, on March 14,
1S87.
After Marriag-e. A comedietta by J.
Wilton Jones (q.v.). Theatre Royal, Leeds,
April 30, 1S75.
After the Ball. A farce in three acts,
bv E. Ferriss, B. p. Matthews, and
N. DOONE ; Grand Theatre, Margate, Oc-
tober 29, 1903.
After the Opera. A play by A. C.
Gunter (q.v.), performed in the United
States.
After the Party. A comedietta,
identical in plot with ' Forty Winks ' (q. v.).
Aftermath ; or, "Won at Last. A
play first performed at Wallack"s Theatre,
New York, in December, 1577, with H. J.
Montague and John Gilbert in the leading
parts ; revived at the Madison Square
Theatre, New York, in April, 1S79, with a
cast including Steele Mackaye, J. Frankau,
and C. W. Couldock. (2) 'Aftermath;' a
play by Dr. Hartmann and S. Strange,
New York, September 2, 1890.
After-Thoug-hts. A one-act play by
Augustus Thomas (q.v.), produced at the
Madison Square Theatre, New York, in
November, 1S30, with Mrs. Agnes Booth
and L. Massen in the leading roles.
Ag-ainst Momi and Zoili. A play
bv John Bale, Bishop of Ossorv (circa looCh-
40).
Ag-ainst those -who Adulterate
the "Word of God. A play by John
Bale, Bishop of Ossoiy (circa 1530-40).
Agamemnon. (1) A tragedy by
yEsCHYLUS (q.v.) ; translated, separately,
into Endish bv Bovd (1823), Svmmons (1824),
Harford (1831), Medwin (1832), Sewell (1846),
Herbert (1849), Blew (1855), :Milman (1865),
Davies (1S6S), Kennedy (1878), Cooper (1890),
and Morshead (1S90) ; performed at Balliol
Hall, Oxford, with F. R. Benson as Clytem-
nestra. (2) A tragedy by Seneca (b.c. 58-
32) ; adapted by John Studley (1566) in Alex-
andrine verse ; translated by Newton (15S1).
(3) A plav ascribed to Henry CHETTLE(g.r.)
and THOMAS Dekker (q.v.) ; acted in 1599.
AGAMEMNON AND CASSANDRA 23
AGIS
(4) A tragedy by James Thomson (q.v.'), first
performed at Drury Lane on April 6, 1738,
with Quin in the title part, Gibber, jun., as
Melisander, Mrs. Porter as Clytemnestm, and
Mrs. Gibber as Cassandra. The play is
founded on the tragedies of ^schylus and
Seneca, with the character of Melisander
superadded frona Homer (' Odyssey,' bk.
iii.)- It is said that the piece "struggled
with such difficulty through the first night
that Thomson, coming late to his friends
with whom he was to sup, excused his
delay by telling them how the sweat of
his distress had so disordered his wig that
he could not come till he had been refitted
by a barber." (5) A tragedy by Alfieri
(1749-1803); translated by Lloyd (1815) and
Bo wring (1876); "altered" by R. G. Mac-
GREGOR in 'Indian Leisure' (1854).
Agramemnoii and Cassandra; or,
; The Prophet and Loss of Troy. A
burlesque by Robert Reece iq.v.), first
performed at the Prince of Wales's Theatre,
1 Liverpool, on April 13, 1S6S, with Miss C.
I Parkes and H. Beckett in the title parts,
I and Miss Julia Matthews as Clytemnestra.
Agamemnon and Ulysses. A 'his-
tory' "presented and enacted before her
Majesty by the Earl of Oxford his boys," in
1584. .
Agatha. (1) A play in three acts, by
Isaac Henderson, first performed at the
Criterion Theatre, London, on May 24, 1892,
with Miss W. Emery as the heroine, and
Miss O. Nethersole, Miss M. Moore, Miss
R. Leclercq, Minnie Terry, L. Waller, H.
Waring, and C. Wyndham in other parts ;
revived at the same theatre, on December 8,
1892, under the title of ' The Silent Battle,'
and with almost the same cast. (2) ' Agatha ;
or. The Lawful Wife;' drama by Oswald
Brand, Sadler's Wells, August 15, 1892.
Ag-atha. (I) A character in H. J.
Byron's 'Der Ereischiitz' (?.v.). (2) The
Princess in the Brothers Brough'S 'Frank-
enstein' iq.v.).
Agatha Tylden, Merchant and
Shipowner. A play in four acts, by E.
Rose, first performed at the Haymarket,
October 17, 1892, with :Mrs. Langtry in the
title part, and other roles by L. Waller, C.
Maude, W. T. Lovell, and Miss M. Linden.
AgaziL The lover of Almida, in Wills
and Herman's 'Claudian' {q-v.).
*'Age, ache, penury, and im-
prisonment."—'^Measure for Measure,'
act iii. sc. 1 (Claudio).
"Age cannot wither her."— 'An-
tony and Cleopatra,' act ii. sc. 2 (Uno-
barbus)—
" Nor custom stale
Her infinite variety."
The description is applied to Cleopatra.
"Aare is as a lusty winter, My."
^'As You Like It,' act ii. sc. 3 (^Adatn).
Age We Live in (The). See Pickwick
Club.
Aged Forty. A "petite comedy" by
John Courtney, first performed at the
Princess's Theatre, London, on February 2,
1844, with Walter Lacy as Sir Harry Wilder,
Oxberry as Dapxier, and Miss Fortescue as
Lady Clifton (also played by Mrs. StirUng).
Ager, Captain. Son of Lady Ager in
MiDDLETON's 'Fair Quarrel' (g. v.). "Middle-
ton," says Swinburne, "has no second hero
like Captain Ager, but where is there another
r.o thoroughly noi)le and lovable among all
the characters of all the dramatists of his
time but Shakespeare ? "
Ages Ago. An entertainment, written
and composed for the German Reeds by W.
S. Gilbert (q.v.) and Frederick Clay ; pro-
duced in November, 1869 ; revived in 1874.
Aggas, Robert. Scenic artist, died:
1679 ; notable as the first to paint movable
scenery in England. He " is known," says.
Button Cook, " to have execiited scenes for
the theatre in Dorset Garden." "A .specimen
of his work," ^\Tote E. L. Blanchard in 1S71,
"may be seen at Paper- Stainers' Hall in
Little Trinity Lane." See Walpole's ' Anec-
dotes of Painting,' and Graham's ' School of
English Painting.'
Aggravating Sam. A comic drama in
two acts, adapted by C. J. INLvthews {q.v.)
from ' Un Drole de Pistolet,' and first per-
formed at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on
December 6, 1854, with the adapter as Sam
Narjgins, R. Roxby as Pereyrine Poppleivig,
Swan as Simon Sloivboy, B. Baker as old
Biffin, Mrs. Macnamara as Arabella Biffin,
Miss H. Gordon as Sophonisba, and Miss M.
Oliver as Clara Biffin; produced at Burton's
Theatre, New York, in 1855. Sam (a P.O.
clerk) is never so happy as when annoying
somebody, and his machinations set all the-
rest of the dramatis peisonce at sixes and
sevens.
Agib, Prince, figures in ^L G. Lewis's.
'Timour the Tartar' {q.v.), and in Oxen-
ford and Brooks's burlesque of that
drama (q.v.).
"Agincourt, Agincourt ! Know
ye not Agincourt ? " First line of a song
in T. Heywood's 'First Part of King Ed-
ward IV. '—
" Where the English slew and hurt
All the French foemen."
See Henry Y.
Agis. (1) A tragedy by John Home
(q.v.), founded on Plutarch's life of Agis,
King of Sparta, but mainly fictitiotis in in-
cident, and first performed at Drury Lano
on February 21, 1758, with Garrick as Ly-
Sander, Mossop as Agis, Havard as Am-
phares, Mrs. Gibber as Buanthe, and Mrs.
Pritchard, Mrs. Yates, Davies, and Holland
in other characters. Lysander, the com-
mander of Agis's army, is in love with and
beloved by Eua7ithe,\vho is also pursued
and at one time nearly killed by Amphares.
Eventually Amphares is killed by Lysander
AGLAIA
24
AGRIPPIXA
Thomas Gray, the poet, described the play
as "all modern Greek ... an antique statue,
painted white and red, friezed, and dressed
in a negligee made bv a Yorkshire mantua-
maker." (2) A tragedy by Alfieri (17S3) ;
translated into English by Lloyd (1815) and
Bo-wring (1S76).
Agrlaia. One of the 'Three Graces' in
G. A. A Beckett's burlesque of that
name {q.v.).
Agrlaura. A " tragic-comedy " by Sir
JOHiN Suckling {q.v.), acted at "the private
house inBlackfriars," probably, Fleay thinks,
in 1637 ; first printed in 1638, and after-
wards with Suckling-'s other works (in 1696).
Aglaura is beloved both by the Ki7ig and
by his son, the Prince, whom she secretly
marries, but whom she afterwards kUls,
thinking him to be the King. She there-
upon dies. In the original test, most of the
characters had violent deaths— a fact which
no doubt led Suckling to vrrite a new fifth
act, in which Aglaura only wounds the
Prince, whilst the King repents and dis-
penses justice all round. The play appears
to have been performed in both ver>ions.
Pepys, writing in 1666, called it 'mean-
nothing of design in it.' Brome, on the
other hand, wrote verses in its praise.
Agrminda. A character in Hannah
Brand's 'Huniades' (q.v.).
Agrnes. (1) A play by Victorien Sar-
DOU (q.v.), first performed at the Union
Square Theatre, New York, in October, 1S72,
with Miss Agnes Ethel in the title part.
See Andrea. (2) A play by Robert Bu-
chanan (q.v.), adapted from Moliere's
'L'Ecole des Femmes,' and produced at the
Comedy Theatre, London, on March 21,
1885, with Miss Adelaide Detchon in the
title part. Agnes is the name of the heroine
of Moliere's play. See Pinchwife, Mrs.
(3) ' Agnes ; or. The Midnight Marriage : '
a melodrama, performed at Bath in March,
1823, -ndth Miss Dance as the heroine.
Agrnes. A character in Oxenford's
ver.sion of 'Der Freischiitz ' (g'.r.), and also
in BurnaND's burlesque of that name (q.v.).
Ag-nes Bernauer. A play in two acts,
adapted from the German by T. J. Serle
(q.v.), and first performed at Covent Garden
in 1833-9. See Tournament, The.
Ag-nes de Castro. A tragedy by Mrs.
Catherine Trotter (afterwards Cock-
bum, q.v.), founded on a French novel of the
same name, translated by Mrs. Behn ; and
performed at Drury Lane, in 1696, with
3Irs. Rogers as the heroine, Powell as the
Prince of Portugal, Mrs. Knight as Elvira,
and Yerbruggen as Alvaro. Agnes is be-
loved by the Prince, and he in his turn is
beloved by Elvira, whom, on his marriage,
he has cast off. Elvira, desiring to kill
Agnes, kills the Princess by mistake, and
accuses Agnes of the murder. Agnes' in-
nocence is established, but in the end she
is accidentally stabbed by her lover, Alvaro.
Ag-nes de Vere ; or, The Broken
Heart. A drama in three acts, by J. B.
BucKSTONE (q.v.), adapted from the French,
and first performed at the Adelphi Theatre,
London, in November, 1834, Mith the author
and Mrs. Keeley in the cast.
Agnes Sorel. , An opera, of which
Gilbert Abbott A Beckett (q.v.) -wrote
the libretto, the music being by Mrs. A.
Beckett. It was produced in December,
1835, at the St. James's Theatre, London,
with a cast including Braham and Miss P.
Horton.
Agnes St. A-ubin, the "Wife of
T-wo Husbands. A drama by Miss
Pardoe, produced at the Adelphi Theatre,
London, in January, 1841, with Mrs. Yates
as Agnes, Yates as Darcourt, Mrs. Keeley
as Mdme. Darcourt, and O. Smith and E.
Wright in other parts. St. Aubin and Mdme.
Darcourt are jealous of a mysterious under-
standing between Darcourt and Agnes.
The truth is, Darcourt is the repository of a
secret confided to him by Agnes— the exist-
ence of a former rascally husband of hers,
thought dead, but not so, and now threat-
ening the heroine's peace. In the end the
villain is shot, and the St. Aubins are made
happy again.
A-Gra-Ma-Chree ; or, Pulse of my
Heart. A drama in five acts, by Edmund
Falconer (q.v.), first produced at the
Theatre Royal, Manchester, in March, 1875,
with the author as Derrnot.
Agreeable Surprise (The). (1) A
one-act comedy, translated from Marivaux,
performed by schoolboys at Islington, and
printed in 'Poetical Blossoms' (1766).
(2) A musical piece in two acts, by John
O'Keefe (q.v.), first performed at 'Dublin
under the title of ' The Secret Enlarged,'
and produced in London, at the Haymarket
Theatre, on September 3, 1781, Avith Edwin
as Lingo, Bannister as Compton, Mrs. Webb
as Mrs. Cheshire, and Mrs. Wells as Cowslip.
It was produced in New York in 1787, and
again in 1796, -with an actor named Lee in
the part of the widow Cheshire.
Agrippa, King of Alba ; or. The
False Tiberinus. A tragedy, translated
from the French of Quinault by John Dan-
cer (q.v.) ; first performed at Dublin, and
printed in 1675. "It is," says Genest, "a
dull play in rhyme. The plot is intricate
and very improbable," being based on the
resemblance of one Agrippa to Tiberinus
King of Alba, -whom he is persuaded to
personate.
Agrippina. (1) A tragedy in rhjTne,
by John, Lord Hervey ; not printed. See
Walpole's ' Anecdotes.' (2) An unfinished
tragedy by Thomas Gray (1716-1771), con-
sisting of one scene and a portion of another.
Besides the heroine, Nero, Seneca, and
Demetrius the cynic were intended to be
among the dramatis piersonce.
Ag-rippina, Julia. See Julia Agrip-
pina.
AGRIPYNA
AICKIN
Ag-ripyna. A princess in Dekker's
*01d Fortunatus' {q.v.), beloved by the son
of the King of Cyprus and by Orleans.
AgTOvaine of the Bueful Phiz,
Sir, figures in E. L. Blanchard's ' Three
Perils of Man.'
Ag-uecheek, Sir Andrew, in 'Twelfth
Night' (g. v.), is "a straight-haired country
squire," in love with Olivia (q.v.). He
appears first in act i. sc. 3, where he says :
" I'm a great eater of beef, and I believe
that does harm to my wit. ... I can cut
a caper . . . and I think I have the back
trick simply as strong as any man in Illyria."
In act ii. sc. 3 he tells us that life " consists
•of eating and drinking." " He is stupid,"
says Gervinus, " even to sUliness." Among
representatives of the character may be
named O'Brien (q.v.), Woodward (q.v.), and
Doddiq.v.). Of O'Brien it is recorded that
he once played the part so comically as to
make one of the sentinels (whom it was
customary then to post on each side of the
stage) fall down upon the boards, overcome
■with laughter. Woodward, Boaden says,
always sustained Sir Andrew " with infinite
drollery." Of Dodd, Charles Lamb writes :
*' My merry friend, Jem White, had seen him
one evening in Aguecheek, and, recognizing
Dodd the next day in Fleet Street, was
irresistibly impelled to take off his hat, and
salute him as the identical knight of the
preceding evening, with a 'Save you. Sir
Andre'v.' Dodd, not at all disconcerted at
this unusual address from a stranger, with
a courteous, half-rebuking wave of the
hand, put him off with an 'Away, Fool.' "
I Ahasucrus. The King, in Elijah
PoLACK's ' Esther, the Royal Jewess.' See
[ King Ahasuerls.
"Ah, ChlorisI that I now coirld
sit." First line of a song in Sedlev's
; ■* JNIulberry Garden ' (q.v.).
i ','A^' fading; joy! how quickly
Emperor' {q.v.).
"Ah, how sweet it is to love!"
First line of a song in Dryden's ' Tyrannic
Love' {q.v.)—
" Pains of love be sweeter far
Than all other pleasures are."
Ah Sin. A play by Bret Harte (q.v.)
and Mark Twain (q.v.), performed in Ame-
rica, with Parsloe in the title part. Brander
Matthews commends "the spirited and
characteristic trial before Judge Lynch in
the last act."
"Ah, sure a pair were never
seen." First line of a song in Sheridan's
' Duenna' (g.r.); adapted by Linley to an
air by Michael Arne (q.v.).
Ahmed al Kamel, the Pilgrrim of
liOve. An opera, music by C. E. Horn
(g.r.) (the libretto founded on Irving's ' Tales
of the Alhambra '), produced in New York
with Miss J. Wallack as Aldegonda. —Ahmed
art thou past ! " Song sung by an Indian
•woman in act iv. sc. 3 of Dryben's ' Indian
is the hero, also, of H. J. Byron's 'Pilgrim
of Love ' (q.v.).
Ahmedoolah. Agent to the INIaharajab
in Tom Taylor and A. W. Dubourg's
' Sister's Penance ' iq.v.).
Aholibamah. One of the two women
in Lord Byron's ' Heaven and Earth ' {q.v.) ;
in love with Samiasa the angol.
Aickin, Elinor. Actress ; has played
in London the following rdles : Mrs. Rumbe-
loiv in 'Garrick,' Mrs. Malaprop in 'The
Rivals,' Mrs. Candour in ' The School for
Scandal,' and Mrs. Hardcastle in ' She Stoops
to Conquer,' at the Strand Theatre in 1886-7 ;
also. Miss Grantham in 'The Liar,' and
Elizaheth Jones in Frankfort Moore's ' 'The
Mayflower,' at the Opera Comique Theatre
in 1891-2.
Aickin, Francis. Actor, bom in
Dublin ; died 1805 ; brother of James Aickin
{q.v.) ; gained his early experience in Ire-
land ; appeared at Drury Lane in 1765, and
remained there till 1774, when he went to
Covent Garden, from which he retired in
1792. He was at one time manager of the
Liverpool Theatre (1793), and at another
time part-manager of the theatre at Edin-
burgh. Wo read that " he had a good
person, no inconsiderable share of judgment,
a sonorous, distinct voice. He succeeded in
the impassioned and declamatory parts of
tragedy, insomuch that from his being so
often cast in that line, his intimates in the
green-room nicknamed him ' Tyrant Aickin.'
N"or did all his merit lie in tragedy. In
serious parts of comedy, such as Sir John
Flowerdale, StocJcwell, etc., he had a pleasing
harmony in his tones, and a precision of
expression which gave force to those cha-
racters." Genest, in his History, gives a list
of over eighty characters assumed by Aickin,
including the Ghost in ' Hamlet,' Jacques in
' As You Like It,' Stulcely in ' The "Game-
ster,' Aboan in ' Oroonoko,' etc. See also
' Secret History of the Green-Rooms' (1790),
Hitchcock's ' History of the Irish Stage '
(1794), ' Thespian Dictionary ' (1805), and the
' Dictionary of National Biography ' (1885).
Aickin, James. Actor, born in Ireland ;
died 1803 ; brother of Francis Aickin {q.v.);
first played in the Irish provinces, and after-
wards accepted an engagement at the
Edinburgh Theatre, where he remained till
1767, latterly performing most of the leading
parts in tragedy and comedy. In the year
named he became a member of the Drury
Lane company, to which he continued to be
attached (with occasional appearances at
the Haymarket) till 1800. He was for some
years one of the deputy managers of Drury
Lane. He was "considered," says Ger est,
"a respectable and useful actor," having
"an ease and manner which were very
agreeable and natural." "He generally
pleased, and never disgusted. His forte lay
in the representation of an honest steward
or an affectionate parent." For an account
of his duel with J. P. Kemble, see Boatden's
' Life ' of that actor (1825). See also ' Secret
AIDA
ALADDIN
History of the Green-Rooms ' (1790), Jack-
son's ' "llistory of the Scottish Stage ' (1793),
Genest's 'English Stage' (1S32), and the
' Dictionary of National Biography ' (1SS5).
Alda. An opera by Verdi, produced,
with an English libretto by Henry Hersee
(q.v.), at Her :Majesty's Theatre, London, in
February, 18S0.
Aide, Hamilton. Dramatic writer,
poet, and novelist, born 1830 ; author of the
following plays :-' Philip (1S74), ' A Nine
Days' Wonder' (1S75), 'Die Fledermaus,
adapted (1876), 'All or Nothing' (ISSO),
'Cousins' (1882), 'A Great Catch' (1883),
'Not at Home,' libretto (18S6), 'Incognito'
(1888), and ' Dr. Bill,' adapted (1890)— all of
which see ; also, some pieces performed
privately.
Ai'eule (L'). See Hidden Hand, The.
Aika. A character in ' The Black Crook '
(q.i:)-
Aiken, Georgre L.. American play-
wright ; adapter of ' Uncle Tom's Cabin '
(g.v.) ; author of ' The Old Homestead ' {q.v.),
' The Emerald Ring,' etc.
Aimee, Marie (real name, Marie
Trochon). French actress and vocalist, born
1852, died 1887 ; made her first appearance
in America at the Grand Opera House, New
York, on December 21, 1870. From that
date till 1887 she was frequently heard in
America in opera-bouffe and comedy. In
1887 she produced in New York ' La Belle
Poule ' and 'La Marjolaine ;' in 1878, 'Les
Cloches de Corneville ; ' and in 1883, ' La
Princesse de Canaries ' In 1884 she figured
in New York as the heroine of Jessop and
Gill's ' ^NLam'zelle ' {q.v.), playing the part
in French-Enghsh.
Aim"well. One of the beaux in Far-
quhar's 'Beaux' Stratagem' (q.v.); suitor
to Dorinda (daughter of Lady BountifuV),
by whom he is beloved in return. See
Archer.
Aimworth, Lord. A character in
BiCKERSTAFFS 'Maid of the Mill' {q.v.).
Ainswortli, "W. Harrison. See
Admirable Crichton, The ; Jack Shep-
PARD, etc.
"Air, a charter'd libertine, is still
(The),"— 'King Henry V.,' act i. sc. 1
{Archbishop of Cantcrbui-y).
"Air, into thin air, Are melted
into."—' Tempest,' act iv. sc. 1 (Prospero).
Air-halloon (The). A musical drama,
printed in 1784.
Air castle. (1) A rambling talker in
FooTE's 'Cozeners' (g.t'.); drawn from life,
Gahagan (author of a ' Life of Mrs. Siddons')
having sat for the portrait. (2) Uncle of
Bell and Clarissa in Oxenford's 'Billing
and Cooing' {q.v.).
Airey , Mrs. A widow in A. C. Trough-
ton's ' ahameful Behaviour.'
Airey Annie. A burlesque by F. C,
Burn AND {q.v.), written in travesty of Mrs.
Campbell Praed's 'Ariane' {q.v.), and first
performed at the Strand Theatre, London,
on April 4, 1SS8, with Miss IM. Ayrton in
the title part, and other roles by xMiss A.
Atherton, A. Chevalier, and W. Edouin.
"Airy tongrues that syllable
men's names." See " Syllable thy
Name."
Airy, Sir Georg-e, in Mrs. Cent-
LiVRE's 'Busybody' (g.tJ.), is in love with
Miranda {q.v.).
Ajax. A tragedy by Sophocles {q.v.) ;
translated, separately, into English by
Theobald (1714), Jackson and RoAve (1714),
Surges (1849), anonymously (1871), and
Mongan (1881) ; played at Oxford before
James I. in 1605. (2) ' Ajax and Ulysses : '
a play performed at court " by the children
of Wynsor" in 1572. — Ajax is a character in
R. Brough's 'Siege of Troy' {q.v.).
Alabama. A play of American life and
character, by AUGUSTUS Thomas {q.v.), first
performed at the Madison Square Theatre,
New York, on April 1, 1891, with a cast in-
cluding J. H. Stoddart, M. Barrymore,
E. I\I. Holland, Walden Ramsay, Miss May
Brookyn, and Miss Agnes Miller. C. W.
Couldock and E. J. Henley afterwards
replaced the two first-named actors.
"Alabama" (The). See Spitfire,
The.
Alabaster, "William. Dramatic poet
and divine, born at Hadleigh, Suftolk, in
1567, died 1640 ; claims a place in this
volume as the author of a tragedy in
Latin verse called 'Roxana' {q.v.). His
poetry was hyperbolically praised by Fuller
and Wood. See Fuller's ' Worthies ' (1662),
Wood's ' Athenfe Oxonienses ' (1691), ' Bio-
graphia Dramatica' (1812), W. C. Hazlitt's
'Early English Literature' (1867), Collier's
'English Dramatic Poetry' (1879), and the
' Dictionary of National Biography ' (1885).
"Alacrity in sinking-; I have a
kind of."—' Merry Wives of Windsor,'
act iv. sc. 5 {Falstaff).
Aladdin. The hero of a famous nursery
tale, and the central figure of a large number
of di-amatic pieces. Among these may be
named: (1) 'Aladdin; or, The Wonderful
Lamp : ' a pantomime, music by Shield,
produced at Covent Garden on December
26, 1788. (2) 'Aladdin; or. The Wonderful
Lamp:' a melodramatic romance, first per-
formed at Covent Garden on April 9, 1813,
with Mrs. C. Kemble in tlie title part,
Farley as Ahanazar, Grimaldi as Kasrac,
Miss Bolton as the Princess, and Mrs.
Davenport as the widow of Ching Mustapha ;
produced in New York in 1815. (3) 'Alad-
din :' a romantic opera in three acts, libretto
by George Soane {q.v.), music by Sir H.
R'. Bishop ; produced at Drury Lane Theatre,
London, on April 29, 1826, with a cast in-
cludmg Horn, Sinclair, Harley, Browne,
ALADDIN
ALARCOS
ISIrs. Davison, and Miss Stephens (Aladdin).
" It was not very favourably received," says
Planche, " and the delicious warbling of Miss
Stephens could not secure for it more than
a lingering existence of a few nights. Tom
Cooke, the leader of the orchestra at Drury
Lane, met Braham in Bow Street, and
asked him how his opera (' Oberon ') was
going. ' Magnificently ! ' replied the great
tenor ; and added, in a fit of what he used
to call enthoosemusy, ' Xot to speak it
profanely, it will run to the Day of Judg-
ment ! ' "' My dear fellow,' rejoined Cooke,
' that's nothing ! Ours has run five nights
afterwards ! ' " (4) ' The Wonderful Lamp
in a New Light' (.q.v.) : a burlesque by
Gilbert Abbott a Beckett (1844). (5)
♦ Aladdin ; or, The Wonderful Lamp : ' a
burlesque by ALBERT SMITH (q.v.) and
Charles Kenney (q.v.), produced at the
Lyceum Theatre, London, on August 5,
1844. On this occasion, says Edmund Yates,
" Keeley played the magician, and imparted
such pecadiar emphasis to the line, ' Yes,
here's the place, and there's the blasted
cedar !' as to bring down the house." Mrs.
Keeley Avas Aladdin and Miss Woolgar
Badroulhadour, and A. Wigan and Widdi-
comb were also in the cast. (6) ' A-lad-in the
Wonderful Lamp : ' a burlesque produced at
New York in October, 1844. (7) * Aladdin : '
a pantomime by J. Maddison Morton
(q-v.), first performed at the Princess's
Theatre, London, on December 26, 1856, with
H. Saker as the hero. (8) ' Aladdin ; or,
The Wonderful Scamp : ' a burlesque by H.
J. Byron (q.v.), first performed at the Strand
Theatre, London, on Easter Monday in April,
1861, with Miss Marie Wilton in the title
part, IMiss Charlotte Saunders as the Sultan,
Miss E. Bufton as Badroulhadour, Miss F.
Josephs as Pekoe, J. Clarke as Abanazar, J.
Rogers as the Widotv Twankay, and Miss
Kate Carson, E. Danvers, and H. J. Turner
in other parts ; revived at the Strand (revised
by A. Chevalier) in September, 1888, with W.
Edouin as the Widou: A. Chevalier as Aba-
nazar, Miss A. Atherton as Aladdin, IMiss
G. Huntley as Pekoe, and Miss S. Vaughan
as the Sultan. (9) 'Aladdin; or, Harle-
quin and the Bronze Horse : ' a pantomime
by R. SOUTAR (q.v.), New East London
Theatre. December 24, 1868. (10) 'Aladdin ;
or, Harlequin Shoeblack : ' a pantomime by
F. W. Green (q.v.), Marylebone Theatre,
London, December 23, 1872. (11) ' Aladdin ;
or, The Wonderful Lamp : ' a burlesque by
F. W. Green (q.v.). Charing Cross Theatre,
London, December 24, 1S74. (12) 'Aladdin ;
or, The Wonderful Lamp :' a pantomime by
E. L. Blanchard, Drury Lane, December,
1874. (13) ' Aladdin, and the Wonderful
Lamp : ' a pantomime by H. Spry, Astley's
Theatre, London, December, 1S74. (14)
Same title ; pantomime by J. JNI'Ardle,
Surrey Theatre, London, December 24, 1879.
(15) A burlesque drama in three acts, by
KOBERT Reece (q.v.), first performed at the
Gaiety Theatre, London, on December 24,
1881, with Miss E. Farren as Aladdin, Miss
K. Vaughan as Badroidbadour, E. Terry as
Abanazar, E. W. Royce as So-Sli, and J. J.
Dallas as Wee-Piny. (16) ' Aladdin and the
Flying Genius:' burlesque extravaganza,
Philharmonic Theatre, London, December
26, 1S81. (17) ' Aladdin ;' a pantomime by
J. Douglass, Standard Theatre, London,
December, 1SS6. (18) ' A-ladd-in and Well
Out of It : ' extravaganza by B. Smith,
Folkestone, January, "l889. (19) 'Aladdin
and Wonderful Lamp : ' a pantomime by H.
Lennard, Crystal Palace, December, 1889.
(20) 'Aladdin; or. The Saucy Young Scamp
vdio Collared the Lamp :' pantomime by G.
Thorn, Grand, Islington, December, 1889.
(21) ' Aladdin ; or, The Wonderful Lamp : '
a pantomime by F. Locke, Marylebone,
December, 1889. To this list may be added
pantomimes on the subject of ' Aladdin' bv
J. T. Douglass, at the Standard Theatre
(1871) ; G. H. George, at the Albion (1873) ;
E. L. Blanchard, at the Imperial (1878) ;
H. Spry, at Sanger's (1879) ; the Brothers
Grinn, at the Crystal Palace (1880); F.
W. Green, at the Marylebone (1882) ; L.
Clarence, at Blackpool (1883) ; G. Con-
quest and H. Spry, at the Surrey (1884) ;
E. L. Blanchard, at Drury Lane (1885) ;
R. Reece, at Sanger's (1885) ; G. Thorn, at
the Pavilion (1890) ; T. Ramsdale, at Alder-
shot (1892) ; and T. Craven, at Holloway
(1893).
Aladdin at Sea. An extravaganza by
I. Zangwill (q.v.), first performed at the
Public Rooms, Camborne, January 25, 1893.
Aladdin II. An operetta, words by
Alfred Thompson (q.v.), music by Herve ;
first performed at the Gaiety Theatre, Lon-
don, on December 24, 1870, with INIiss E.
Farren in the title part. Miss Constance
Loseby as the Princess Veloutine, J. L.
Toole as Ko-Kli-Ko, Stoyle as Ozokerit, and
C. Lyall as the Remembrancer.
Aladin. A character in Brown's ' Bar-
barossa' (q.v.).
Alaham. A tragedy by Fulke Gre-
VILLE, Lord Brooke, printed in 1633. "The
plot is taken from some incidents in
Herbert's ' Travels.' The author has followed
the model of the ancients ; the prologue is
spoken by a ghost, who gives an account of
every character " (' Biographia Dramatica ').
Alan's "Wife. A study in three scenes,
founded on a story by Elin Ameen ; per-
formed (under the auspices of the Indepen-
dent Theatre Society) at Terry's Tlieatre,
London, on Friday evening, April 28, 1893,
with Miss E. Robins as the heroine, Jean
Creyke.
Alarbas. A " dramatic opera " by " a
gentleman of quality," printed in 1709.
Alarcos, The Tragedy of Count.
A play written bv Benjamin Disraeli,
Earl of Beaconsfield (1S05-1SS1). and pub-
lished in book form in 1839. " Years have
flown away," wrote the author in his dedica-
tory epistle to Lord Francis Egerton, "since,
rambling in the sierras of Andalusia, . . .
I first listened to the chant of that strange
and terrible tale [the Count Alarcos]. It
ALARMING SACRIFICE
ALBANY
seemed to me rife with all the materials
of the tragic drama, and I planned, as I
rode along, the scenes and characters of
which it seemed to me susceptible." The
play, however, was not placed upon the
stage till August 1, 1S68, when it was repre-
sented at Astley's Tlieatre, London, with
Charles Verner as the hero. Miss Agnes
Cameron as the heroine, and Emery as
the King. Button Cook then -v^Tote of it as
follows : "The tragedy is founded upon the
old thirteenth-century ballad of the ' Conde
Alarcos,' ... of which admirable English
versions have been published by Mr. Lock-
hart and Sir John Bowring. . . . The play is
not absolutely without passages of genuine
dramatic value. The story is indeed an im-
pressive one. . . . From an actor's point of
view Alarcos is a showy kind of part, with
plenty to say and to do in it, and a suffi-
ciency of those opportunities for personal
parade M-hich are so fondly regarded by
the players." The scene is laid in Spain,
and the Count Alarcos is in love with Solisa,
the Infanta. He is, however, loved in turn
by the Queen Mother, to escape whose
attentions he leaves the court. After her
death he returns. In the interval he has
married —
"As men do oft from very wantonness ; "
but he still loves Solisa. He causes the
Couyit Sido7iia to make love to his wife ; but
that lady is impregnable, and the king
now suggests she should be murdered. A
^Moorish servant is hired to do the deed, but
relents at the last moment, and Alarcos has
himself to play the assassin. Unhappily
for him, the Infanta has just been killed by
lightning, and, overwhelmed by the news,
the Count commits suicide, remarking that
he had
" Lived
To find a hell on earth, yet thus he sought
A deeper and a darker."
In the course of the play a man-at-arms
thus describes a storm :—
" The lightnings play
Upon our tun-ets that no human step
Can keep tlie watch. Each forky flash seems missiou'd
To scath our roof, and the whole platform flows
With a blue tea of flame."
* Alarcos ' was revived at the Crystal
Palace in June, 1879, with E. H. Brooke as
Alarcos, Howard Russell as the King, J. H.
Barnes as Sidonia, W. ]M'Intyre as Oran,
and Jliss L. Moodie in the principal female
part.
Alarming- Sacrifice (An). A farce
by J. B. BUCKSTONE iq.v.), first performed
at the Haymarket Theatre, London, on July
11,1849, wi'th the author as Bob Ticket— 2i part
which has also been played by W. E. Burton
{q.v.) and the fourth Jefferson (g.r.)— and
Mrs. Fitzwilliam as Susan Sweeiapple. Bob
believes himself heir, as next of kin, to a rich
old gentleman, who is supposed to have died
without making a will ; but, discovering
afterwards that such a document exists, and
is in favour of Susan, the old gentleman's
servant, Boh surrenders the property to her.
She, however, destroys the will, and, in the
end, she and Boh agree to marry.
Alarum for London ; or, Tlie Sieg-e
of Antwerp, "with the venturous Acts
and valorous Deeds of the Lame Soldier.'
A tragi-comedy, not divided into acts,
" acted probably in 1599 " (Fleay), and
printed in 1602. It has been attributed,
conjecturally, to Lodge {q.v.). The plot is
taken from ' A Tragical History of the City
of Antwerp' (1586).
"Alarums, Excursions." A stage
direction very frequent in the historical
plays of Shakespeare. It applies to the
sound of fighting behind the scenes, and to
the passage of soldiers across the stage.
See Button Cook's ' Book of the Play ' (1876).
Alasco. A tragedy by Sir Martin
Archer Shee {q.v.), performed in New
York in 1824, with Cooper as Alasco and
Mrs. Barnes as Arnantha. It had been
put in rehearsal at Covent Garden, but the
licenser (George Colman the younger) in-
sisted upon so many excisions and alterations
that the author refused to allow it to be
performed, preferring to publish it as it
stood. The following is a specimen of the
lines condemned :—
" Tyrant?, proud lord, are never safe, nor should be ;
The ground is mined beneath them as they tread •
Haunted by plots, cabals, conspiracies.
Their lives are long convulsions, and they shake,
Surrounded by their guards and garrisons." j
The licenser also objected to the sentiment
that
" Whate'er the colour of his creed,
The man of honour's orthodox."
Alasco is a young Polish nobleman, who
puts himself at the head of an insurrection,
and, being captured, is condemned to death,
in spite of the entreaties of Colonel Wal-
singham, to whose daughter, Arnantha,
Alasco has been privately married. Arnan-
tha stabs herself ; Alasco is pardoned, and
commits suicide over the body of his wife.
The piece was eventually played at the
Surrey Theatre.
Alasco. A character in Sheridan
Knowles's ' Rose of Arragon' (q.v.).
Alba. A Latin play performed in Christ
Church Hall, Oxford, in J605, before King
James. Warton records that "five men,
almost naked, appearing on the stage, gave
great offence to the queen and maids of •
honour." The king, it is related, was so
wearied by the performance, that he would I
fain have retired before it was halfway i;
through. ':
Albanius, in Drtden's 'Albion and. i:
Albanius' {q.v.), is intended for James, ,
Duke of York (afterwards James II.).
Albany, U.S.A. The first professional
performance ever given in this town took
place on July 3, 1769, the entertainment
being provided by a company from Nev/ i
York, including Lewis Hallam, jun., John
Henry, and Miss Cheer. The first theatre ;
was opened in Green Street in 1S13, under ]
ALBAUGH
ALBINA
the management of John Bernard ; the
.second in South Pearl Street in 1825, by
(iilfert. Both were eventually transformed
into churches. In 1840 and 1841 respectively,
the Dallius Street Amphitheatre and the
Museum were utilized for performances.
The Odeon (afterwards the Broadway) was
opened in 1847, and in the following year
the ^luseum was enlarged. In 1852 the
Great Street Theatre was reopened as a
theatre, and, becoming a concert haU, was
succeeded in 1859 by the Gaiety. The
Academy of Music, opened in 1863, was
burnt down in 1868, and, in 1876, a similar
fate overtook the Division Street Theatre,
which dated from 1869— the year in which
the Thrimble (now the Leland) Opera House
was " inaugiirated." All the leading actors
of the last hundred years have performed
in Albany— for example, J. B. Booth, For-
rest, and Edmund Kean, in 1825 ; Macready,
1827 ; Mdme. Celeste, 1828 ; Charles Kean,
1831 ; Charles and Fanny Kemble, 1833 ;
Miss Cushman, 1836 ; etc., etc. See H. P.
Phelps's ' Players of a Century ' (1880).
Albaug-h, Jolin W. Actor and mana-
ger, born at Baltimore in 1837 ; made his
debut there in 1855, and afterwards acted in
all the chief cities of America. In 1866 lie
married Miss Mary jNIitchell (q.v.), and in
1863 was in management at St. Louis. In
1873 he became manager of the Leland
Opera House, Albany, to which post he after-
wards added tliat of manager of the National,
Washington, and the Holiday Street, Balti-
more.
Albert. (1) A character in Peake's
' Bottle Imp ' ((J.V.). (2) Son of William Tell
in J. Sheiudan Knowles's play of that
name iq.v.). The latter reappears in the bur-
lesques of Knowles's ' William Tell ' by F.
Talfourd, H. J. Byron, and L. Buckingham.
Albert and Adelaide ; or, The Vic-
tim of Constancy. A romantic drama
in three acts, founded by Samuel Birch (q.v.)
on a story by Mdme. de Genlis, and first
performed at Covent Garden on December
22, 1798, with a cast including Incledon,
Emery, and Mrs. Johnson. See Captive
OF Spillsburg.
Alberta. An unacted tragedy by J.
Carter, printed in 1787.
Albertazzi, Emma (ne'e Howson).
Contralto vocalist, born 1814, died in Lon-
don, 1847 ; sang at the King's Theatre,
London, in 1830 ; at Her Majesty's Theatre
in 1837 ; and at Drury Lane in 1840. She
appeared in London again in 1846. See
Grove's 'Dictionary of Music' (1879), the
'Dictionary of National Biogi-aphy' (1885),
and ' Men of the Reign ' (1885).
Alberte Galles. A play by Thomas
Heywood (q.v.) and Wentworth Smith
(q.v.), mentioned by Henslowe as being
acted in 1602. See Fleay's 'Chronicle of
the English Drama ' (1891).
Alberti. A tragedy in five acts, by
Isaac Harby, performed at Charleston,
U.S.A., in 1818.
Alberto. Son of Alonzo and Ormisinda
in Home's ' Alonzo ' (q.v.).
Albertus "Wallenstein, late Duke
of Fridland, and General to the
Emperor Ferdinand II. A tragedy
by Henry Glapthorne (q.v.), acted at the
Globe " on the Bank Side " probably in 1639,
and printed in 1640. "The plot is merely
historical ; the diction is good " (' Biographia
Dramatica,' 1812).
Albery, James. Dramatic writer,
died August, 1889 ; wrote the following origi-
nal plays :— ' Two Roses ' (1870), ' Coquettes '
('Two Thorns') (1871\ 'Apple Blossoms'
(1871), ' Tweedie's Rights' (1871), ' Forgiven '
(1872), ' Oriana ' (1873), 'Will of Wise King
Kino' (1873), 'Married' (1873), 'Fortune'
(1873), 'Wig and Gown' (1874), 'Pride'
(1874), • The Spendthrift ' (1875), ' The Man
in Possession' (1876), 'Jacks and Jills'
(1880) ; also, the following adaptations : —
'Pickwick' ('Jingle') (1871), 'Pink Domi-
nos ' (1877), 'The Crisis' (1878), 'Duty' (1879),
'Where's the Cat?' (1880), 'Little Miss
Mutfet' (1882), 'Featherbrain' (1884), and
' Welcome, Little Stranger ' (1890) ; all of
which see. He was the author of the libretto
of 'The Spectre Knight' (q.v.); and part
author (with Joseph Hatton ((j.i'.)) of 'No.
20 ' (q.v.) and ' The Vicar ' (q.v.), (with Bron-
son Howard) of 'The Old Love and The
New' (q.v.), and (with J. J. Dilley (q.v.)) of
' Chiselling ' (q.v.) and ' Doctor Davy' (q.v.).
"It is in his heroines," says one of his
critics, "that Mr. Albery's insight into life
is best shown. Lottie and Ida in 'Two
Roses,' Hose Cudlip in 'Forgiven,' Lillian
in 'Coquettes,' Laura in 'Pride,' are all
ably-drawn portraits of warm-hearted Eng-
lish girls, not pretending to any sort of per-
fection, but genuine, pure, and true. Many
of his male characters, too, are consistent
studies, admirably worked out [Die/by Grant,
Paul Cudlip, Tiveedie, etc.]. ... In thesa
the main idea is steadily preserved, and the
result is valuable as a study of character..
It is, however, less for the main interest of
a plot than for the charm of isolated scenes,
and the happy fancies Avhich speck the dia-
logue, that Mr. Albery's plays are most
remarkable" ('London Society,' vol. xxvi ).
See, also, Archer's ' Dramatists of To-Day
(1882).
Albina. (1) A character in Reynolds's
' Will' (^. v.). (2) The heroine of Douglas-
Jerrold's 'White Milliner' (q.v.).
AJbina, Countess Raimond. A
tragedy in three acts, by Mrs. Cowley (17.1;.),
first performed at the Haymarket Theatre-
on July 31, 1779, with Jlrs. ^Massey as the>
heroine, ^Irs. Montague as Editha, Dimond
as Edward of Soinerset, and Palmer as Gon-
dibert. Edward and Gondibert are in love
with Albina, and Editha is in love with
Edivard. To prevent the marriage of Edioard
and Albina, Gondibert and Editha pretend
that Albina is unchaste. Edivard accuses-
her to her father, and the two are about to
fight, when Gondibert confesses, kills Editha
(by mistake), and then stabs himself. The-
play was printeil in 1779.
ALBION
ALCESTE
Albion. An interlude mentioned by
Kirkman, and probably identical ■with
' Albion Knight ' {q.v.).
Albion ; or, The Court of Neptune.
A masque by T. Cooke, the scene of which
is laid "on the British seas." It was
printed in 1724.
Albion and Albanius. An opera in
three acts, words by John Dryden {q.v.),
music by Lewis Grabut ; first performed at
Dorset Garden on June 3, 1685, and printed in
that year. It was produced, Downes says,
" on a very unlucky day, being the day the
Duke of Monmouth landed in the West. The
nation being in agxeat consternation, it was
performed but six times." " It was meant,"
says Genest, "as a satire on the Whigs and
Republicans, and as a panegyrick on Charles
the 2nd and his brother, who are repre-
sented under the characters of Albion and
Albanius." Archon is General Monk, and
London is personified under the name of
Augusta. See Langbaine's 'Dramatic Poets'
(1691).
Albion Knig-lit. "A mery Playe
bothe pythy and plesaunt," entered on the
Stationers' books in 1565-6. It is supposed
to have been the play performed before
Queen Elizabeth at Christmas, 1558-9, and
described as of " such matter that the
players were commanded to leave off." It
seems to have been intended "to illustrate
and enforce the right rules of government
for a state," and is, says Payne Collier, " the
only specimen of the kind in our language."
Albyon Knight is a personification of Eng-
land, and among the other personce are
Temporalty, Sjnrttiialt)/, Princijmlity, Com-
'Monalty, Sovereignty, Peace, and Plenty.
Only a fragmentary copy of the play is in
existence.
Albion Q,ueens ; or, The Death of
Mary Q,ueen of Scots. A play by John
Banks {q.v), first performed at Drury Lane
on March 6, 1704 ; produced in New York in
1754. See Island Queens.
Albion Theatre. See London The-
atres.
Albion's Triumph. AmasquebyAURE-
LIAN TowNSEND {q.v.), performed at Court,
"by the King's Majesty and his Lords," on
"the Sunday after Twelfth Night," 1631-2.
Inigo Jones " had a share in the invention "
of this masque.
Albovine, King" of the Lombards.
A prose tragedy by Sir William Dave-
>'ANT (.q.v.), printed in 1629. The story is
to be found in Caxton's ' Golden Legend,'
Lydgate's ' Bocchas,' Belleforest's ' Histoires
Tragiques,' Heylin's ' Cosmographie,' and
Machiavelli's 'History of Florence,' and
has been made the basis of an Italian
tragedy. Albovine has married Rhodolinda,
but shocks her, on the wedding day, by
drinking out of the skull of her dead father.
She intrigues witli Paradine, and tries to
persuade him to kill Albovine ; but Paradins
betrays her to the king, who, finding her
false, fights with Paradine, and allows him-
self to be slain. Paradine then kills Rhodo-
linda.
Albu, Annie. Vocalist and actress;
played the title r6le in Clay's 'Princess
Toto ' when that opera was revived in Lon-
don in 1881, and "created" the name part
in Cellier's 'Doris' (q.v.) in 1889. She was
for some time a member of the Carl Rosa
company.
Albumazar. A comedy by Thomas
TOMKis, founded (says Fleay) on 'L'Astro-
logo ' of G. B. Delia Porta (1606), and acted
by the gentlemen of Trinity College, Cam-
bridge, before James I. during his visit to
that university on March 9, 1614-5. Albu-
mazar is an astrologer, who has the power
of transforming one man into another. He
has turned Trincalo into Antonio, and this
act is the cause of sundry misunderstand-
ings, which form the basis of the play. The
play was revived at Lincoln's Inn Fields in
February, 1668, with (Pepys says) Angel
(q.v.) as Trincalo. Dryden wrote the pro-
logue on this occasion, and in the course of
it accused Ben Jonson of having been in-
debted to 'Albumazar' for his 'Alchemist'
(q.v.). The comedy was afterwards altered
by Ralph, "no very material change" being
made in the plot, but the language being
" altered vastly for the worse." ' The
Astrologer,' as Ralph called his production,
was produced for the first and only time at
Drury Lane on April 3, 1744, with Mills,
Yates, Mrs. Woffington, Mrs. Giffard, and
Mrs. Bennett in the cast, and the names of
the characters transformed into Motley,
Stargaze, Brains, Sly, Siftem, Faimvou'd,
etc. 'Albumazar' was revived at Drury
Lane in October, 1747, in April, 1748, and,
altered by Garrick, in 1773. — Albumazar was
the name of a famous Persian astronomer.
Alcaid (The); or, The Secrets of
OflB.ce. An opera in three acts, by James
Kenney (q.v.), first performed at the Hay-
market on August 10, 1824, with W. Farren
as Don Christopher Toxado, the Alcaid, and
Liston, Harley, Mdme. Vestris, Mrs. Garrick,
^Miss Paton, Mrs. Gibbs, and Mrs. Glover in
other roles.
Alcamenes and Menalippa. A tra-
gedy, ascribed by Mears to William Phi
LIPS. Chetwood gives 1G68 as the date of it.
Alcanor, in Cumberland's 'The Arab'
(q.v.), "is represented as a man of simple
manners, of noble principles, but of strong
passions."
Alcantara. A comic opera in two acts,
words by E. B. WoOLF, music by Julius
Eichberg, performed at the Connaught
Theatre, London, on November 1, 1879.
Alcazar, The Battle of. See Battle
OF Alcazar, The.
Alceste. An opera written by Tobtas
George Smollett (q.v.) for Rich, then
patentee of Covent Garden ; but, owing to a
diypute between the parties, never per-
formed (nor published). This quarrel ob-
tained for Rich the disagi-eeable distinction
ALCESTIS
ALDERMAN
of beins: attacked by Smollett in his satire
called 'The Reproof' (1747).
Alcestis. (1) A tragedy by Euripides
(q.v.) ; translated, separately, into English
by Edwards (1824). Banks (1849), Xevins
(1870), Williams (1871), Browning (1871),
Mongan (1879). Lawton (1889), Arnold (1892),
Reynolds (1893), and anonymously in 1834,
1836, 1870, and 1884. The tragedy, it may
be recorded, was performed in the original
Greek for the first time in England at St.
Andresv's College, Bradford, on February 18,
1882. (2) A burlesque of the • Alcestis,' in
verse, by Issachar Styrke, was published
in 1816. (3) A burlesque of the above, by
Francis TALFOURD(g.v.), entitled 'Alcestis,
the Original Strong-Minded Woman,' was
first performed at the Strand Theatre, Lon-
don, on July 4, 1850, with Mrs. Leigh Murray
in the title part, H. Farren as Orcus, W.
Farrenas //erci<?es,and Compton pi^Admetus;
played at New York in the same year, and
revived at the Marylebone Theatre, London,
in 1853. (4) A lyrical play, entitled 'Al-
cestis,' and adapted by Henry Spicer from
the French of Hippolyte Lucas, who had in
his turn adapted from Euripides, was first
Eerfornicd at the St. James's Theatre,
lOndon, in Janiiary, 185."), with Miss Yan-
denhoff in the title part, Stuart as Hercules,
and Barry Sullivan as Ad met us. The musi-
cal accompaniments consisted of selections
from Gliick's choruses, arranged by Sir
Henry Bishop.
Alcestis II. A tragedy by Alfieri,
translated by Bowring (1876).
Alchemist (The). A comedy in five
acts, by Ben Jonson (q.v.), first acted in 1610,
and printed in quarto two years afterwards.
Among the members of the original cast
were Lowin, who, according to the author of
' Historia Histrionica,' "played Mammon
with mighty applause ; " Burljage, Armin,
and Cooke, who probably -were Face (q.v.),
Drugr/er (q.v.), and Dol Common (q.v.); Con-
del, Hemings, Ostler, Underwood, Tooly,
and Eggiestone. The characters, in addition
to those already named, include Ananias,
Dapper, Kastrill, Love-ivit, Sir Epicure
Mammon, Dame Pliant, Subtle, Pertinax
Surly, and Tribxdation Wholesome, all of
which see. Dryden accused Jonson of taking
' Albumazar' (r/.v.) as the "best model" of
'The Alchemist,' declaring—
Subtle was got by our .\ Ihi
That Alchemist by tliis .\strologer,"
and so on. But as 'The Alchemist' -was
produced four years before ' Albumazar,'
that accusation falls to the gTound. Jon-
son's "masterpiece" (as Dryden called it)
"continued," says Cunningham, "to be
represented with success till the theatres
were shut up ; it was one of the first plays
revived at the Restoration, and, with ' The
Fox' and 'Silent Woman,' as DowTies in-
forms us, constituted the delight of the
town." Pepys saw a performance of the
comedy on August 3, 1664, when, probably,
Mohun was Face, Wintershall Subtle, Lacy
Ananias, CartMright Mammon, Burt Surly,
Mrs. Corey Dol, and ISIrs. Rutter Dam^
Pliant. The piece was revived at Drury
Lane in February, 1709, with Dol omitted,
Pinkethman as Drugger, Cibber as Subtle,
Estcourt as Mammoii, Mills as Surly, Powell
as Face, etc. ; at Covent Garden in December,
1740, with Cibber, jun., as Drugger ; at
Drury Lane in March, 1743, with Garrick
as Drugger, Macklin as Face, and Mrs.
Macklin as Dol ; at Drury Lane in March,
1753, with several characters omitted ; and at
Drury Lane in October, 1774, with Jefferson
as Mammon. The comedy was played at
Drury Lane on April 10, 1787, as a farce, with
DoddsiS Drugger, Palmer asi^ace, J. Aickin as
Subtle, and Mrs. Hopkins as Do^; but Genest
records that the play had become " so obso-
lete that it was hissed by some persons in the
gallery." It was performed by the Eliza-
bethan Stage Society at the Apothecaries'
Hall, London, in February, 1899. F. Gen-
tleman founded on ' The Alchemist ' a farce
called ' The Tobacconist ' (q.v.). ' ' ' The Al-
chemist,' " says Hazlitt, "is the most famous
of this author's comedies, though I think it
does not deserve its reputation. It contains
all that is quaint, dreary, obsolete, and
hopeless in this once-famed art, but not the
golden dreams and disappointments. . . .
There is, however, one glorious scene be-
tween Surhj and Sir Epicure Mammon,
which is the finest example I know of dra-
matic sophistry " (' English Comic Writers ').
Alcibiades. (1) A tragedy in heroic
verse, by Thomas Otway (q.v.), produced at
Dorset Garden in 1675, with Betterton as the
hero, Mrs. Betterton as Timandra, Mrs.
JNIaryLee as Deidamia, and Sandford, Hams,
INIedbourne, and Mrs. Barry in otlier parts.
Alcibiades is beloved both by Deidamia,
Queen of Sparta, and by Timandra. He
loves the last-named, and when Deidamia
discovers the fact she poisons her rival.
Alcibiades then commits suicide. The story
of the play is taken from Plutarch and
Cornelius Nepos. (2) A tragedy by William
Shirley (q.v.), not printed.
Alcmaeon or Alcmeon. A play per-
formed at Court by St. Paul's choir boys
in December, 1573 ; * Euripides restored '
(Fleay).
Alcmena, in Dryden's 'Amphitryon'
(q.v.), is the wife of Amphitryon (q.v.).
Aldahella, in Milman's ' Fazio ' (q.v.),
is a lady of whom Bianca (q. v.), wife of Fazio,
is jealous.
Aldeg"onda. Princess of Toledo, in
Horn's • Ahmed al Kamelard,' H. J. Byron's
' Pilgi'im of Love ' (q.v.).
Alderman (The). A comedy in three
acts, adapted by J. Mortimer from the
French of Barriere and Capendu, and first
performed at the Criterion Theatre, London,
on the afternoon of April 29, 1887, with G.
Barrett in the title part ; revived at the
Novelty Theatre, London, in November,
18SS, with H. Ashley as the Alderman;
performed in America, in 1894, as ' Worth
Millions.'
ALDERMAN'S GOWN
ALEXANDER
Alderman's Go-wm (The); or, A
Trip to Paris. A farce in one act, by
Henry Abrahams, first performed at the
Strand Theatre, London, on October 6, 1851,
Avith Tilbury as the Alderman.
Aldershot (Surrey). The present The-
atre Royal was built in 1860. It was for-
merly called "The Victory."
Aldgrate, Mr., Mrs,, and Amelia.
Characters in R. B. Peake's ' blaster's
Rival' (q.v.).
Aldgrate Pump. ' A monumental and
obeliskal farce,' by J. F. Sayille (q.i:), first
performed at the Strand Theatre, June 7,
18il, with J. W. Ray as Old Tontine.
Aldg-ate Pum.p, Sir. The father of
Beauty, in Pla.nche's * Beauty and the
Beast' (q.v.).
Aldis, Mrs. See Stanley, Mrs.
Aldiborontiphoscophornio. A cour-
tier in Carey's ' Chrononhotonthologos '
iq.V.).
Aldridg-e, Ira, tragedian, was, accord-
ing to Dutton Cook, "a veritable negro born
on the west coast of Africa, the son of a
native minister of the gospel." According
to Brown and Drake, he was born in 180i
at Bellair, near Baltimore, and in 1816
entered the service of Edmund Kean, whom
he accompanied to England. There he
studied for the stage, making his debut,
however, at the iNIud Theatre, Baltimore.
He first appeared in London, in 1826, at the
Royalty Theatre and as Othello. He was next
seen at the Coburg and other metropolitan
theatres, afterwards touring in the English
and Irish provinces. At Belfast Charles
Kean played I ago to his Othello, and Aboan
to his Oroonoko. Returning to London,
he appeared at Covent Garden (1833), the
Lyceum, and the Surrey, and, still later,
adventured on a Continental tour. His last
London engagements were in 1858 and 1865.
Among his parts, besides those mentioned,
were Lear, Macbeth, Aaron ('Titus Andro-
nicus'), Aboan ('Oroonoko'), Zanga ('The
Revenge '), Gambia (' The Slave"'), Rolla
('Pizarro'), and Mungo ('The Padlock').
He died in Poland in 1867. " It always
struck me," writes Mrs. Kendal, "that he
had got some species of— well, I will not say
'genius,' but gleams of great intelligence"
(' Dramatic Opinions,' 1890). See ' Memoir
and Theati'ical Career of Ira Aldridge, the
African Roscius' (1849 or 1850), and the
Athenceumior 185S ; also Brown's ' American
Stage' (1870), Drake's ' American Biography '
(1872), and Dutton Cook's 'On the Stage'
(1883).
Aldridg-e, Mrs. See Slixgsby, Lady'.
Alessio. The "merry Swiss boy," in
H. J. Byron's 'La I Sonnambula' {q.v.) and
' II Sonnambulo ' {q.v.).
Alexander, Georg-e. Actor and thea-
trical manager, born 1858 ; made his pro-
fessional debut at Nottingham in 1879, and
his London debut at the Lyceum Theatre in
December, 1881, as Caleb Deecie in 'Two
Roses' {q.v.). At the Lvceum between
1882 and 1888 he enacted Macduff, Laertes^
Bassanio, Claudio, Ulric in ' Werner,' Squire
Thornhill, and Sylvio in ' The Amber Heart,'
besides "creating" Valentine in Wills's
'Faust,' in which he subsequently played
the title part. Within the same period' he
appeared at other London theatres in the
original casts of ' Won by Honours.' ' Bond-
age,' 'Rank and Riches,' 'A Case for
Eviction,' 'Young Folks' Ways,' Gilbert's
'Comedy and Tragedy' {UAulnay), 'The
Ironmaster' {Octave), etc. In 1884-5 he
played in America as a member of the
Lyceum company. In 1889, at Terry's, he
was Jacquemin in 'The Grandsire.' From
February, 1890, to January, 1891, he was lessee
of the Avenue Theatre, Avhere he produced
and figured in 'Dr. Bill,' 'The Struggle for
Life,' and ' Sunlight and Shadow.' In Janu-
ary, 1891, he became lessee of the St. James's
Theatre, Avhere lie has produced the follow-
ing plays, enacting the principal male part
in each:— 'A Gay Lothario' (1891), 'The
Idler ' (1891), ' Moliere ' (1891), ' Lord Aner-
ley ' (1891), ' Forgiveness ' (1891), ' Lady
Windermere's Fan ' (1892), ' Kit JNIarlowe '
(1892), 'Liberty Hall' (1892), 'The Second
Mrs. Tanqueray ' (1893), ' The Masqueraders "
(1894), ' Guy Domville ' (1895), ' The Import-
ance of being Earnest ' (1895), ' The Triumph
of the Philistines' (1895), 'The Divided
Way ' (1895), ' The Misogynist ' (1895), ' The
Prisoner of Zenda' (1896), 'The Princess
and the Butterfly' (1897), 'The Tree of
Knowledge ' (1897), ' The Conquerors ' (1898),
'The Ambassador' (1898), 'A Repentance''
(1899), 'In Days of Old' (1899), 'Rupert
of Hentzau' (1900), 'The Man of Forty'
(1900), 'A Debt of Honour' (1900), 'The
Wisdom of the AVise ' (1900), ' The Awaken-
ing' (1901), 'The Wilderness ' (1901), 'Paolo
and Francesca ' (1902), ' If I were King '
(1902), 'Old Heidelberg' (ID^JS), 'Love's
Carnival ' (1904), and ' Saturday to Monday '
(1904), all of which see. He has also re-
vived at the St. James's ' As You Like It *"
{Orlando, 1896), and ' Much Ado About
Nothing ' {Benedick, 1898). He has appeared
in the course of his career as Romeo, Post-
humus, Don Ccesar de Bazan, Armand
Duval, Maurice de Saxe, Nemours ('Louis
XI.'), De Neuville ('Plot and Passion'),
Ethais ('The Wicked World'), Freddy
Butterscotch (' The Guv'nor ';, Glynne (' The
Parvenu '), etc.
Alexander, John Henry. Actor and
manager, born at Dunbar in July, 1796, died
1851 ; made his first appearance on the
stage at Ayr. He was afterwards engaged
successively at the Queen's, Glasgow, under
the elder Macready ; at Newcastle ; and at
Edinburgh, under W. H. Murray. At the
last-named place he Avas accounted specially
good as Dandle Dinmont in ' Guy ISIanner-
ing ' {q.v.), and Batcliffe in ' The Heart of
Midlothian ' {q.v.). In"l822 he became man-
ager of theDunlop Street Theatre, Glasgow,
ALEXANDER
ALEXINA
■nhich he carried on for seven years, along
-with the Adelphi, Edinburgh, and the the-
atres at Dumfries and Carlisle. In 1S29 he
obtained the patent for Glasgow, built a
theatre for himself, and, says Peter Pater-
son, "continued from that period until
within a few months of his death a course
of profitable management, which enabled
him to leave his family in a position of com-
parative affluence." The same writer says
of Alexander's performances in Edinburgh
that "his powerful mind, free from the
cares of management, enabled him to per-
form an extensive range of characters with
great ability ; but what contributed as much
:as any other element to his success, was an
"excellent taste in dress and invariable cor-
rectness in reading." See Jefferson's ' Auto-
biography ' (1S89-90).
Alexander, Sir "William (Earl of
Stirling). Poet and statesman, born 1567 or
1568, died in London, 1640 ; was the author
of the following tragedies :— ' Darius ' (1603),
* Croesus ' (1604), ' Julius Caesar ' (1604), and
* The Alexandr.-ean ' (1605) ; all of which see.
They were published together, under the
title of ' Monarchicke Tragedies,' in 1607.
Alexander's collected ' Works ' appeared in
1637. " His tragedies," says Grosart, " have
*'brave sublunary things,' if laboured and
dull as a whole." See Rogers' 'Memorials
cf the Earl of Stirling ' (1877).
Alexander, Campaspe, and Dio-
genes. See Alexander the Gkeat.
Alexander and Lodowick. A play
founded on an old tale, and first acted in
January, 1597.
Alexander and Statira. See Alex-
ander the Great.
Alexander and the King: of Eg-ypt.
See Alexander the Great.
Alexander the Great. The famous
conqueror of antiquity is the chief person-
«,ge in many dramatic pieces ; notably (1)
* Alexander, Campaspe, and Diogenes : ' a
comedy bv John Lyly (q.v.), "played before
Queen Elizabeth, on Twelfth-night (15S1),
by the children of Paul's," and printed in
1584. The plot is from Pliny's ' Natural
History,' bk. xxxv. chap. 10. Lyly was
perhaps indebted to "a ballet, entituled
An History of Alexander, Campaspe, and
ApeUes, and of the faythful fryndshippe
betweene theym," printed for Colwell in
1565. "This play," says Hazlitt, "is a very
pleasing transcript of old manners and senti-
ment. It is fuU of sweetness and point, of
Attic salt and the honey of Hymettus."
Collier describes the play "as "certainly one
of the best of Lyly's productions," prais-
ing " the force and distinction with which
Diogenes is drawn." "Some interest is also
felt for Apelles, who had fallen in love with
Campaspe while employed hy Alexander to
paint her portrait. . . ' Campaspe also be-
comes enamoured of ApeUes. . . . The main
plot is varied by the introduction of some
of the Grecian sages and philosophers."
"Apelles and Campaspe," says Fleay, "seem
to shadow forth Leicester and the Countes.s
of Essex. . . . Alexander, of course, means
the queen, and Hephtestion, 1 think, Bur-
leigh. . . , Diogenes, I think, means Lyly
himself." See Warton's 'English Poetry'
(1871), CoUier's ' Dramatic Poetry ' (1879), and
Dodsley's 'Old Plays.' See, also, Apelles.
(2) ' The Rival Queens ' (q.v.), bv N.\thaniel
Lee; (3) 'The Amazon Queeii' iq.r.)\ (4)
A play by T. Ozell (g.r.), translated from
the French of Racine, and printed in 1714.
(5) An opera, performed at Lincoln's Inn
Fields, and printed in 1715. (6) ' Alexander
and the King of Egypt:' a "mock play,"
"as it is acted by the Mummers every
Xmas;" printed in 1788. (7) 'Alexander
the Little:' plaved at Covent Garden on
May 2, 1791, with Quick, Munden, Mrs.
Webb, Mrs. Martyr, and :Mr3. Pitt in the
cast. (8) ' Alexander the Great ; or. The
Conquest of Persia:' "a grand pantomime
ballet," " composed" by J. d'Egville (music
by Krazinski Miller), and performed at
Drury Lane on February 12, 1795. " The
scenery surpassed everything before exhi-
bited on the English stage." (9) ' Alexander
the Great in Little:' a "grand tragi-comic
operatic burlesque spectacle " in one act by
T. Dibdin (q.v.), first performed at the
Strand Theatre, London, on August 7, 1837,
with Mrs. Stirling as Roxana, Miss Daly as
Statira, and W. J. Hammond as Alexander.
(10)' Alexander and Statira ; or, The Death
of Bucephalus : ' a tragedy " for warm
weather," written by Dr.^GEORGE Wallis,
and acted at York, Leeds, and Edinburgh.
Alexander the Great in Little.
See Alexander the Great.
Alexander the Little. See Alex-
ander the Gre.at.
Alexandra. A play from the German
of Dr. Richard Voss, first performed at the
Royalty Theatre, London, on March 4, 1893,
with Miss Achurch in the title part.
Alexandra Theatre. See London
Theatres.
Alexandraean Tragedy (The). A
play by William Alexander (q.v.). Earl of
Stirling, printed in 1605. " The groundwork
of this play is laid on the differences which
arose among Alexander's captains, after his
decease, about the succession. . . . The scene
lies in Babylon, and the plot is to be found
in Quintus Curtius, Diodorus Siculus, Oro-
sius, etc." (' Biographia Dramatica'). This
tragedy drew from Dr. Andrew Johnston
the'folioAving epigram : —
" Confer Alexrindros : Macedo victricibiis .arniis
IkLignus erat, Scotus carmine major uter ? "
Alexina. (1) Wife of the hero, in Theo-
dore Hook's 'Tekeli' (q.v.). (2) A cha-
racter in Reynolds's ' Exile' (q.v.).
Alexina ; or, True unto Death. A
two-act drama, by J. Sheridan Knowles
(q.v.), performed at the Strand Theatre,
London, in 1866. Avith IMiss A. Swanborough
in the title role, and Miss SI. Simpson,
D
ALEXIS
34
ALFRED THE GREAT
Thome, Parselle, Turner, etc., in other
parts.
Alexis. (1) A shepherd in Fletcher's
' Faithful Shepherdess ' {<[. v. ). (2) A charac-
ter in Dryden'S ' All for Love ' (q.v.). (3)
A character in 'The Shepherd Boy' (q.v.).
(4) Son of Sir Marmaduke in GILBERT and
Sullivan's ' Sorcerer ' {q.v.).
Alexis' Paradise. (1) A " dramatic
opera," dated l(jSO. (2) ' Alexis' Paradise ;
or, A Trip to the Garden of Love at Vaux-
hall:' a comedy -m-itten by James New-
ton, and "privately acted by the ladies of
honour." It was printed in 1722.
Alexius ; or, The Chaste Lover.
A play by Philip Massinger iq.v.), licensed
on September 25, 1639, but not now in exist-
ence. "In the Warburton list it is called
'Alexias ; or, The Chaste Gallant' " (Fleay).
Alfavourite, King-. A character in
Planche's ' Fortunio ' {q.v.).
Alfleri. The works of this dramatist
were translated from the Italian by Charles
Lloyd in 1815, and E. A. Bowring in 1876.
English versions of Alfieri's Autobiogi-aphy
appeared in 1810 and 1845. See, also,
Agamemnon ; Alcestis II. ; Antigone ;
Merope ; Orestes ; Philip II. ; Rosa-
MUNDA ; Saul.
Alfonso. The Duke, in W. Young's
' Lucrezia Borgia' {q.v.), and in L. Bucking-
ham and H. J. Byron's burlesque on that
subject {q.v.).
Alfonso, King- of Castile. A tragedy
in five acts, by M. G. Lewis {q.v.), first per-
formed at Covent Garden on January 15, 1S02,
Avith a cast including H. Johnston, Cooke,
Murray, Mrs. Litchfield, and Mrs. Johnston.
Orsino, accused of treason, has been im-
prisoned by Alfonso; and Orsiyio's son,
Ccesario, secretly married to Amclrosa,
daughter of Alfonso, vows vengeance. He
is about to kUl the King, when he is himself
stabbed by Orsino, who also dies. The
tragedy was first played at New York in
March, 1803.
Alfred. See Alfred the Great.
Alfred and Emma. An unacted play,
dated 1806, and founded on the ' Red Cross
Knights ' of Kotzebue {q.v. ). A If red is a knight
who falls into the hands of the Saracens.
His wife, Emma, believing him dead, turns
nun ; and Alfred, being wounded, is taken
to the convent and recognizes her. The
abbess will not give her up, but an emir
whom Alfred has befriended besieges the
convent, and rescues both knight and wife.
Alfred the Great has been the central
figure of a number of dramatic works : — (1)
' Aluredus sive Alfredus : ' a Latin tragi-
comedy, by W. Drury, performed in 1619,
and printed in 1620 ; dealing with Alfred's
retreat to the Isle of Athelney. (2) ' Alfred : '
a masque written by James Thomson {q.v.)
and David MALLET"(g.r.), and set to music by
Dr. Avne {q.v.); performed for the first time in
a temporary theatre in the garden of Cleif den,
Bucks (the residence of the Prince of Wales),
on August 14, 1740, and printed in the same
year. The occasion was the celebration of
the anniversary of the Hanoverian succes-
sion. "The work contains some tine songs,
but is more especially distinguished by its
finale, the famous patriotic song ' Rule Bri-
tannia,"* of which Southey said it would be
" the political hymn of this country as long
as she maintains her political power." An
opera, called ' Alfred,' and founded on
Thomson and Mallet's work, was performed
at Covent Garden in 1745, with Mrs. Arne
and other vocalists in the cast. The masque
was afterwards dramatized by INIallet, and
produced at Drury Lane in 1751, with Garrick
in the title role. This version, altered by
Garrick, was reproduced in 1773. (3)
' Alfred the Great : ' a musical drama, first
performed at Drury Lane in 1745. (4)
' Alfred the Great, Deliverer of his Country : '
a tragedy by the author of 'The Friendly
Rivals' {q.v.), printed in 1753. (5) ' Alfred ;
or, The Magic Banner : ' a drama in three
acts, by John O'Keefe {q.v.), first performed
at the Haymarket in 1776. See reference,
below, to Pocock's drama. (6) 'Alfred:' a
tragedy by John Home {q.v.), first performed
at Covent Garden on January 21, 1778, with
Lewis as Alfred (King of England), Aickin
as Hinguar (King of the Danes), Mrs. Barry
as Ethelsivida (betrothed to Alfred), and
Mrs. Jackson as -Rojjcx (consort to Ilinguar).
Ethelsivida is a prisoner in the camp of Hin-
guar, who loves her. Alfred, disguised as a
bard, penetrates through the lines, and make.s
himself known to Ethelsivida. JRonex, jealous
of Ethelsivida, seeks to kill her, and Alfred,
returning by-and-by with an army, thinks
her dead, and is in despair ; but the lovers
eventually are reunited. (7) ' Alfred the
Great : ' a play in three acts, by ^Mrs. Faucit,
performed at Norwich in May, ISll. (8)
' Alfred the Great ; or. The Enchanted
Standard : ' a musical drama in two acts, by
Isaac Pocock, founded on the 'Alfred ' {q.v.)
of O'Keefe, and first performed at Covent
Garden on November 3, 1827, with Warde as
Alfred, 'Serle as GutJirum, FaAvcett as Gog,
]Miss Goward as Elsicitha, Mrs. Davenport
as Bertha,?Lnd Blanchard and Miss Kelly in
other parts. Alfred, disguised as a minstrel,
visits Guthrum's camp. He is discovered ;
Elsu'itha, who loves him, sets fire to the En-
chanted Standard ; the Saxons rush in, and
the Danes are subdued. Gog and Bertha are
a neatherd and his wife, in whose cottage
Alfred burns the historical cakes. The
play was first performed at New Yoi'k in
Februarv, 1828. (9) ' Alfred the Great ; or.
The Patriot King:' a play by J. Sheridan
Knowles {q.v.), produced at Drury Lane in
1831, with Macready in the title part, INIiss
Huddart as Elsiriih, Cooper as Guthrum,
INIiss Phillips as Ina, and :Miss Faucit as
Edith. (10) ' Harlequin Alfred the Great : '
a pantomime by G. H. Rodwell, Maryle-
bone Theatre, 1850. (11) ' Alfred the Great ;
or, The ^Minstrel King : ' an extravaganza by
Robert B. Brough {q.v.), first performed at
the Olympic Theatre, London, on December
26, 1859, with F. Robson in the title part.
ALGERINE SLAVES
ALIDOR
Horace AVigan as Dunulf, F. Vining as
Oddune, Miss Herbert as Oswith, Miss E.
Nelson as Elswith, Miss Hughes as Ina, and
Miss Stephens as Maude. (12) 'Alfred :' a
play by JMartin Farquhar Tupper {q.v.),
performed at Jlanchester, with Walter
Montgomery in the title part, and Miss
Henrietta Hodson as Bertha. (13) ' Alfred
the Great in Athelnay : ' a play in live acts,
by Lord Stratford de Redcliffe, printed
In 1876. See BATTLE OF EDDlNGTOTf, and
Christian King.
Algrerine Slaves (The). See Stran-
gers at Home, The.
Alg-onah.. See Cherokee, The.
Alhadra. The heroine of Coleridge's
'Remorse ' {q.v.).
Alhambra (The); or, The Three
Beautiful Princesses. A "burlesque
extravaganza" by Albert Smith {q.v.),
first performed at the Princess's Theatre,
London, on April 21, 1S51, -with :\Irs. Keeley
as Sir Rupert tJte Heady, Miss Vivash as
WUl-o'-the- Wiftp, Flexmore as Asrnodeus and
Al Djaco, Harley as Hussein Baha, Alfred
Wigan as Sir Desperado the Dauntless,
Keeley as Sir Toby the Timorous, Miss Car-
lotta Leclercq as Zorayda, and J. F. Cath-
cart, Miss Murray, and Miss M. Keeley in
other parts.
Alhambra Theatre (The). See Lon-
don Theatres.
All Baha. The hero of a well-known
nursery tale and of the folloAving dramatic
pieces :— (1) ' Ali Baba ; or. The Thirty-nine
Thieves (in accordance with the author's
habit of "taking one off")': an extrava-
ganza by H. J. Byron {q.v.), first performed
at the Strand Theatre, London, on April 6,
1863, with H. J. Turner in the title part,
Miss Polly ^larshall as Ganem, F. Seymour
as Cassim Baba, Miss Ada Swanborough as
Abdalla, G. Honey as Hassarac, E. Danvers
as Hassan, Miss E. Bufton as Cogia Baba,
Miss F. Hughes as Zaide, and Miss C.
Saunders as Morgiana. (2) ' Ali Baba ; or,
The Forty Thieves : ' a comic opera in four
acts, written by Signer Taddei, composed
by Signor Bettesini, and produced at the Ly-
ceum Theatre, London, on January 17, 1871.
(3) ' Ali Baba, and the Forty Thieves ' : a
burlesque by Gilbert Arthur 1 Beckett,
Crystal Palace, December 21, 1S71. (4)
' Ali Baba h. la Mode : ' an extravaganza by
R. Reece {q.v.), first performed at the Gaiety
Theatre, London, on September 14, 1872.
(5) 'Ali Baba and The Forty Thieves:'
pantomime by John Douglas, Park Theatre,
London, December 24, 1878. (6) ' Ali Baba
and the Forty Thieves : ' pantomime by J.
B. Chatterton and H. P. Grattan, Sadler's
Wells, December 26, ISSl. (7) ' Ali Baba ;
or. The Forty Naughty Thieves,' bui-lesque.
Theatre Royal, Birkenhead, May 14, 1SS3.
(8) ' Ali Baba ; or, A Night with the Forty
Thieves,' by J. R. O'Neill. See Cumber-
land's plays.— ^4Zi Baba is also a prominent
personage in various other pieces, for which
see Baba, Ali ; Forty Thieves ; Open,
Sesame.
Ali Pacha; or, The Sig-net King-. A
play by J. Howard Payne {q.v.), produced
at Covent Garden, October 19, 1822, with
Farren in the title part, and Miss Foote as
the heroine. Charles Lamb wrote of the
piece that it "would do," adding that
Farren's manner was "even grand," whilst
Miss Foote "greatly helped" the drama.
'Ali Pacha' was first performed at New
York in May, 1823.
Alibi. A character in O'Keefe's ' Toy *
iq.v.).
Alice. (1) Sister of Valentine, in Beau-
mont and Fletcher's ' Monsieur Thomas "
{q.v.). {2) Alice, in the anonymous 'Arden
of Feversham' {q.v.), is the wife of Arden.
In LiLLO'S play she is called Alicia. Alice
is a leading character in (3) Lewis's ' Castle
Spectre' ((7.r.) and (4) Oxenford's 'Porter's
Knot' {q.v.). She is (5) the fiancee of
Arnaud, in R. Lacy's 'Robert the DevU'
{q.v.), and (6) daughter of Rip Van Winkle-
in the plays and operas on that subject.
Alice Grey, the Suspected One ;
or, The Moral Brand. A domestic
drama in three acts, by JohnT. Haines(5'.v.),
first performed at the Surrey Theatre, Lon-
don, on April 1, 1839, with Mrs. H. Vining
in the title part, and E. F. Saville as Cadger
Collins.
Alice in Wonderland. A "musical
dream-play" in two acts, adapted by H.
Savile Clarke (with music by Walter
Slaughter) from Lewis Carroll's 'Alice's
Adventures in Wonderland ' and ' Through
the Looking-Glass ;' first performed at the
Prince of W^ales's Theatre, London, on
December 23, 1SS6, with Phoebe Carlo as
Alice, S.-Harcourt as the Hatter and Tweedle-
dum, W. Cheesman as the Mock Turtle and
Humpty Dumpty, etc.; revived at the Globe
Theatre, London, in December, 1888 ; at the
Vaudeville in ISOO ; at the Camberwell
Theatre in 1902.
Alice May. A drama by Edward
FiTZBALL {q.v.), played at the Surrey
Theatre in 1852.
Alice Pierce. See Alls Perce.
Alicia, in Rowe's 'Jane Shore' {q.v.)^
is the mistress of Lord Hastings. It is
related of the King of Denmark, who, in
1768, went to see a representation of 'Jane
Shore,' that "during the performance he
fell asleep, and remained so, to the amuse-
ment of the audience and the annoyance
of Mrs. Bellamy [q.v.], who played Alicia.
That haughty and hapless beauty was not
likely to let the wearied king sleep on ;
and accordingly, having to pronounce the
words, 'O thou'false lord !' she approached
the royal box, and uttered them expressly
in such a piercing tone, that the king awoke
in sudden amazement." See Alice (2).
Alidor. A shepherd in Planch]^'2
' Young and Handsome ' (if. v.)-
ALIDOEO
ALL FOOLS
Alidoro. The tutor in H. J. Byron's
' Cinderella' {.q.v.).
Alienated Manor (The). A comedy
in live acts, by Joanna Baillie {q.v.),
forming one of lier ' Plays on the Passions,'
and published in 1798-1S12. Among the cha-
racters are Smitchenstault, a German philo-
sopher ; Sir Level Clumj), an improver ; and
Mrs. Smoothly.
Alinda. (1) Daughter of Alphonso, in
Beaumont and Fletcher's ' Pilgrim ' (q.v.).
(2) A character in Jephson'S ' Law of Lom-
bardy' (5.1-.). See Archas.
Aline. The heroine of Gilbert and
Sullivan's 'Sorcerer' (q.v.).
Aline; or, The Rose of Killarney.
A drama in two acts, by Edward Stirling
(q.v.), first performed at the Strand Theatre,
Julv 10, 1S43, with Mrs. Stirling in the title
part ; and revived at the Marylebone The-
atre, London, in 1859.
Alithea. A character in Wycherly's
'Country Wife' (q.v.), and in the adap-
tation of that piece called 'The Country
Girl' (q.v.).
Alive and Merry. (1) A farce in two
acts, bv "— Brown," first performed at
Drury Lane on May 17, 1796, with a cast in-
cluding Bannister, jun., Suett, :Miss de Camp,
and Mrs. Bland. " It opened," says Oulton,
" with mutes at a door." (2) A farce in two
acts, by Charles Dance (g.v.), first per-
formed at Covent Garden on September 30,
1839, with Farren, Bartley, C. ^Mathews,
Brougham, W. H. Payne, Mrs. Orger, and
:Mrs. Humby in the cast. See All Alive
AND Merry ; Sharp, Luke.
Alive or Dead. A play adapted by R.
Hall from the 'Edwin Drood' of Charles
Dickens, and first performed at St. George's
Hall, London, in May, 1876 ; revived at the
Park Theatre, London, in Mav, ISSO, with
W. Howell as Edwin, Miss Bella Cuthbert
as Ojnum Sal, ]Miss Alice Rayner as Helena
Landless, and Miss Stella Brereton as Eosa
Budd.
Alixe. A drama, adapted by Augustin
Daly (q.v.) from the ' Comtesse de Som-
merive ' of Mdme. de Prebois and Theodore
Barriere, and first performed at the Fifth
Avenue Theatre, New York, on January 21,
1873, with Miss Clara Morris as the heroine
(represented in Paris by Mdlle. Pierson),
supported by Miss L. Dietz, Miss F. Daven-
port, and L.'James, J. Lewis, G, Clarke, and
C. Fisher.
Alkalomb. Sister of Ganem, in F.
Talfourd's ' Ganem, the Slave of Love '
iq.V.).
Aiken. The sage shepherd in Jonson's
* Sad Shepherd ' (q^v.).
Alkmeon. See Alcm.eon.
All a Mistake. (1) A farce performed at
Covent Garden on July 2, 1825, with Keeley,
Jleadows, Mrs. Chatterley, Mrs. Gibbs, and
Mrs. Davenport in the cast. See Q. E. D.
(2) A comedietta by Mrs. Xewton Phillips,
Ladbroke Hall, London, January, 1S90.
All abont the Battle of Dorking- ;
or, My Grandmother. An extrava-
ganza by F. C. Burnand (q.v.) and A.
Sketchley (q.v.), first performed at the
Alhambra Theatre, London, on August 7,
1871, with Dewar as Sergeant Blower and
F. W. Irish as Cheeks the marine.
All Abroad. An operetta, written by
Arthur Law, composed by A. J. Caldicott,
and first performed at the Prince of ^\'ales's
Theatre, London, on February 21, 1890, with
F. Wood, T. Saxe, A. James, etc., in the
cast.
All Alive and Merry. A comedy by
S. Johnson, first acted at Lincoln's Inn
Fields on January 10, 1737. See Alive and
Merry.
All at C ; or, The Captive, the
Coffee, and the Cocoatina. A musical
melodrama by Major Millett and Lieu-
tenant Wilcox, performed on board H.M.S.
Tamar on December 29, 1873.
All at Coventry; or, liove and
Laug-h. A musical farce in one act, by
W. T. MONCRIEFF (q.v.), first performed at
the Olympic Theatre, London, on January
8, 1816", with Russell as Timothy; revived
at the Adelphi in 1825, ■nith Wrench as
Timothy. Among the characters are Bram-
ble, Ramble, Lively, Gahhlewig, and Eedtail.
The piece was first played at New York in
1842, with John Fisher as Timothy.
All at Sea. (1) A comedietta by Sydney
Grundy (g.r.), first performed at the Theatre
Royal, ^Manchester, on August 8, 1873, with
W."H. Kendal and Mrs. Kendal in the prin-
cipal parts. (2) A musical sketch, words by
Arthur Law (q.v.), music by Corney Grain,
produced at St. George's Hall, London, on
February 28, ISSl.
All at Sixes and Sevens. A farce
played at Drury Lane on ]\Iarch 21, 1S29,
with Gattie, Jones, Liston, Harley, Mrs.
Orger, and Miss Love in the cast.
All Bedevilled ; or. The House in '
an Uproar. A farce by MosES Browne •
(q.v.), printed in 1723.
All Fools. A comedy by George
Chapman (q.v.), founded on Terence's
' Heautontimorumenos,' "most likely written
in 1603' (Fleay), played at Blackfriars and.
before the king, and printed in 1605. It is,
"of course," says Fleay, "a remodelled
form of • The World runs on Wheels ' [as
Chapman first entitled his play] of July,
1599." "The style," says Swinburne, "is
limpid and luminous as running water ; the
verse pure, simple, smooth, and strong ; the
dialogue always bright, fluent, lively, and at,
times" relieved with delicate touches of high
moral and intellectual beauty ; the plot and
characters excellently fitted to each other.'
with just enough intricacy and fulness oi
incident to sustain, without relaxation 01
confusion, the ready interest of readers oi
spectators." The story turns mairdy upor
ALL FOR FAME
37
ALL FOR MONEY
the device by -nhich Gostanzo, a knight, is
led to approve of the marriage of his son
Valeria with Gratiana, on the supposition
that the union is only imaginary, and is
feigned but to blind another knight named
Marc Antonio. In the end, Gostanzo is un-
deceived, and is reconciled to his son ; For-
tunio, the son of Marc Antonio, being
permitted to wed Gostanzo's daughter Bel-
lonora. " In the course of the play, most of
the principal characters are made Fools."
All for Fame : or, A Peep at the
Times. A comic sketch in one act, by A.
Cherry (q.v.), Drury Lane, May 15, 1805 ;
described by Oulton as " a temporary satire
on the prevailing rage for infantile actors."
All for Gold; or, Fifty Millions
of Money. An adaptation, by Francis
Hopkins, of Eugene Sue's ' Juif Errant,'
originally produced in Australia, and first
performed in England at the Theatre Royal,
Birmingham, July, 1878 ; produced at the
Surrey Theatre, London, in 1881. (2) ' All
for Gold : ' a drama in three acts, by
Cherry Griffiths, Britannia Theatre,
London, September 9, 1878.
All for Her. A drama by J. Pal-
grave Simpson (q.v.) and H. Merivale
iq.v.), first performed at the Mirror Theatre,
London, on Octol)er 18, 1875, with J. Clay-
ton as Iluf/h Trevor, Crauford as Lord
Edendale, Aliss R. Coghlan as Lady Mars-
den, Miss Caroline Hill as Mary Rivers, and
Horace Wigan as Radford. Jhijh Trevor
believes he is an illegitimate son, but dis-
covers afterwards that he is mistaken, and
that to him, and not to his brother, Lord
Edendale, belong the title and estates. But
Hugh loves Lady Ma rsden, and Lady Marsden
loves Lord Edendale ; so, in order that the
lady shall be happy, Uuyh burns the proofs
of his birth, and, by means of a stratagem,
goes to the scaffold for his bi-other, who is
implicated in some treasonable plans. Mary
Rivers is in love with Hugh. Radford is
the villain of the piece. ' All for Her ' was
played in the English provinces in 1876,
with John Clayton as Trevor, IMiss Annie
Baldwin as Lady Marsden, Miss Cavalier as
Mary Rivers, A. Elwood as Lord Edendale,
and H. JMoxon as Radford; and again in
1877, with Clayton as 'Trevor and W. H.
Brougham as Edendale. At Glasgow jMiss
Louise Moodie was the Lady Ma7-sden, and
W. Mackintosh was Radford. The piece
was afterwards performed in the country
with Fred Gould as Trevor. In 1891 it
was revived in the English provinces and
America, with Mrs. Kendal as Lady Marsden,
W. H. Kendal as Trevor, J. E. Dodson as
Radford, J. Carne as Edendale, and A. M.
Denison as Col. Darner. The rule of Trevor
was in the repertory of Lester Wallack.
All for Himself. A drama in three
acts, by Charles Wills (q.v.), fii-st per-
formed at the Alexandra Theatre, Liverpool,
on June 5, 1871.
All for Love ; or, Tlie World "Well
Lost. A tragedy by John Dryden (q.v.),
first acted and printed in 1678. The original
cast included Hart as Antony, IMohun as
Ventidius, Clarke as Dolabella, Goodman as
Alexas, Griffin as Serapion, Mrs. Boutell
as Cleopatra, ISIrs. Corey as Octavia. The
play was revived at Lincoln's Inn Fields in
February, 1704, with Betterton as Antony,
Mrs. Barry as CleojMtra, Wilks as Dola-
bella, and Mrs. Bracegirdle as Octavia; at
Drury Lane in December, 1718, with Booth
as Antony, Mrs. Oldfield as Cleopatra, and
Mi\s. Porter as Octavia (see Davies' account
of this performance) ; at Dublin in 1745-6,
with Barry as Antony and Miss Bellamy as
Cleopatra ; at Drury Lane in February, 1747,
with Mrs. Woffington as Cleopatra ; at Drury
Lane in March, 1766, with Powell as Antony
and Mrs. Yates as Cleopatra ; at Drury Lane
in December, 1772, with Miss Younge
as Cleopatra, Mrs. Barry as Octavia, and
Palmer as Dolabella; at Drury Lane in
March, 1776, with ]\Irs. Yates as Octavia;
at Covent Garden in January, 1779, with
Farren as Dolabella ; at Drury Lane in May,
1788, with Kemble as Antony, Barrymore
as Dolabella, and Mrs. Siddons as Cleopatra;
and at Covent Garden in May, 1790, with
Holman as Antony, Miss Brunton as Cleo-
patra, and Mrs. Pope as Octavia. The tra-
gedy was played at New York in April,
1768, with Hallam in the cast. Dryden
deals in this play with the same subject as
that of Shakespeare's 'Antony and Cleo-
patra.' "Whilst, however, the elder poet
" diffused the action of his play over Italy,
Greece, and Egypt," Dryden laid every
scene in the city of Alexandria. More-
over, he " contents himself with the con-
cluding scene of Antony's history, instead
of introducing the incidents of the war with
Cneius Pompey, the negotiation with Le-
pidus, death of his first wife, and other
circumstances which, in Shakespeare, only
tend to distract our attention from the
main interest of the drama" (Sir Walter
Scott). Dryden, says Saintsbury, "omits
whatever in the original story is .shocking
and repulsive from the romantic point of
view. . . . The best pieces of ' All for Love'
cannot, of course, challenge comparison
with the best pieces of Shakespeare . . .
but the best passages of this play, and,
what is more, its general facture and style,
equal, with a certain time-allowance, the
best things of Beaumont and Fletcher, and
therefore the best things of almost any
English tragedian save Shakespeare." (2)
' All for Love ; or, The Lost Pleiad : ' a
romantic drama in three acts, by J. Stir-
ling Coyne (q.v.), founded on ' Une Fille
de I'Air,' and first performed at the Adelphi
Theatre, London, on January 16, 1838, with
Yates as Flutter, H. Beverley as Boreas, Mrs.
Nisbett as Asteria, Mrs. Cooke as Urania,
and Miss A. Taylor as Iris. " Six pleiads"
and " phantoms" are introduced.
All for Money. (1) A " moral and
pitiful" comedy, "compiled" by Thomas
LUPTON (q.v.), and printed in 1578. The
characters introduced include Theology,
Science, Art, Money, Pleasure, Pressed-for-
pleasure, Sin, Sivift-to- sin, Damnation,
ALL FOR THE BETTER
ALL IS TRUE
Satan, Pride, Gluttony, Adulation, Mischie-
vo7is-help, Learninrj-with-money, Learning-
^vithout - money. Money ■ tvithout - learning,
Neither - money - nor - learning. All -for -
money, Gregory Graceless, Moneyless, Money-
less-and- friendless, William - with - the - tu'o_ -
wives, Aichol • never - out - of- the - law, Sir
Lawrence Livingless, Mother Crook, Judas,
Dives, Godly Admonition, Virtue, Humility,
and Charity. It has been described as " one
of the most elaborate and involved of onr
later Morals. The characters engaged in it,"
savs Collier, "are no less than thirty-two in
number. ... It professes to represent ' the
manners of men and fashion of the world '
at the date when it was produced ; but it is
anything but a picture of manners, and the
author directs his attack in various ways
against avarice. On the title-page he terms
his work a 'pitiful comedy,' and in the
prologue he tells us that it is almost a
'pleasant tragedy;' but it has no preten-
sions to be considered one or the other"
('Dramatic Poetry'). (2) A comedy by
Roma Guillon le ThiiSre {q.v.), first per-
formed at the Haymarket in July 13, 1869,
with Miss Amy Sedgwick as Ida, Henry
Irving as Captain Robert Fitzherbert, W. H.
Vernon as Gerald Lyle, and Mrs. Stephens
as Miss Eglantina White. Ida is the wife
of one Guy Mortimer, M.P., and her life is
made miserable by the peculations of lier
father, the Captain, and the dishonourable
proposals of her old lover, Gerald. Event-
tially, Gerald is unmasked ; the Captain is
able" to refund his thefts by marrying the
rich spinster, Miss White ; and Ida regains
happiness.
All for the Better ; or, The In-
fallible Cure. A comedy by F. Manning,
acted at Drury Lane in 1703, and printed in
the same year. The original cast included
Husband, "Wilks, Mills, and Mrs. Rogers.
All Guilty. A play first performed at
Burton's Theatre, New York, on October 22,
1S49.
All Hallow Eve. A play produced at
Niblo's Theatre, New York, in 1859.
All in a Bustle. (1) An unacted play
by Francis Lathom, printed in 1795 and
ISOO. (2) A "prelude," played in America
in 179S.
All in a Fog. See Who's Who ?
All in Good Humour. A " triile " in
one act, written by W. C. OuLTOX (7.1-.), and
first performed at the Haymarket Theatre on
July 7, 1792, with Baddeley as Chagrin and
R. i?almer as Squire Hairbrain.
All in the Dark ; or, The Banks of
the Elbe. A farcical comedy, by J. R.
l^LANCHE, first performed at the Lyceum,
London, in July, 1S22, with a cast including
Bartley, Bland, etc.
All in the Downs ; or, Black-ey'd
Susan. A comic operetta, founded on
Douglas Jerrold's play, with lyrics by TOM
Jerrold, and music by Meyer Lutz iq.v.).
produced at the Gaiety Theatre, London, on
November 5, 1881, with Miss Alice Cooke as
Dolly Mayflower.
All in the Dumps. See Black-eyed
SUKEY.
All in the Rig-ht. (1) A farce printed
in 1762. (2) A farce adapted from Destouches
by Thomas Hull {q.v.), and first performed
at Covent Garden on April 26, 1766, with
Lewis, Shuter, Mrs. Green, and others in
the cast.
All in the "Wrong". A comedy by
Arthur Murphy {q.v.), o^ving something to
the ' Cocu Imaginaire ' of Moliere, and first
produced at Drary Lane on June 15, 1761,
Mith Yates as Sir' John Restless and Mrs.
Yates as Belinda. Foote wrote and spoke the
prologue. "The intention of it," says the
' Biogi-aphia Dramatica,' " is to bring to-
gether into one piece, and represent at one
view, the various effects of the passion of
jealousy in domestic life, acting on different
dispositions and different tempers, and under
different circumstances of husband and wife,
lover and mistress." The comedy was first
played at New York in 1768.
All is Pair in Liove and "War. A
comedy in one act, adapted from 'L'Ane
et le Ruisseau' of Alfred De :Musset, and
printed in 1868. See All's Fair in Love.
" All is not g-old that g-listeneth."
See "All that Glisters," etc.
All is not Gold that Glisters. A
play by Henry Chettle {q.v.), acted by the
Admiral's men at the Fortune in 1601. See
"All th.\t Glisters," etc.; All that
Glitters, etc.
All is True. On July 6, 1613, Sir Henry
Wotton wrote to his nephew : " I will enter-
tain you . . . with what hath happened this
week at [the Globe Theatre on] the Bank-
side. The king's players had a new play,
called All is True, representing some princi-
pal pieces of the reign of Henry the Eighth,
which was set forth with many extraordinary
circumstances of pomp and majesty, even to
the matting of the stage; the Knights of
the Order, with their Georges and Garter,
the guards with their embroidered coats,
and the like : sufficient, in truth, within a
while, to make greatness very familiar, if
not ridiculous. Now King Henry, making
a mask at the Cardinal Wolsey's house, and
certain cannons being shot off at his entry,
some of the paper or other stuff where^^-ith
one of these was stopped, did light on the
thatch, where, being thought at first but an
idle smoke, and their eyes more attentive
to the show, it kindled inwardly and ran
round like a train, consuming, within an
hour, the whole house to the very ground."
This 'AH is True' has been thought by
some to be identical with the ' Henry VIII.'
ascribed to Shakespeare, or with the 'When
you see me you know me ' of Samuel
Rowley. It may, however, as Collier sug-
gests, "have been " a quite different ])iece
founded on history." See the ' Biogi-apliia
Dramatica' (1812) ; also, Henry Vll'l.
ALL IS VANITY
ALL'S FAIR IN LOVE
AU is Vanity. See Cymc's Defeat,
The.
All Mistaken ; or, TheMad Couple.
A comedy by the Hon. James Howard (q.v.),
first performed at the Theatre Royal on
December 28, 1667, with Nell Gwynne and
Hart as Mirida and Philidor— the mad couple .
Philidor and Mirida "are in love with
each other, but protest against marriage."
The former has promised marriage to six
ladies, but, having managed to lock them up
in a vault, he declines to let them out till
they each relieve him from his vow. " Mi-
rida has two lovers — Pinguister and a lean
man. She refuses to marry Pinguister till
he has made himself lean, and the other
till he has made himself fat." The piece was
printed in 1672 and 1710.— William Shirley
gave the title of ' All Mistaken ' to his
alteration of the ' Comedy of Errors' {q.v.).
All on a Summer's Day. A comedy
by Mrs. Inchbald {q.v.), first performed at
Covent Garden Theatre, London, on Decem-
ber 15, 1787, with a cast including Lewis,
Quick, Aickin, Farren, Mrs. Mattocks, Mis.s
Brunton, and Mrs. Webb.
All Pleas'd at Last. An anonymous
comedy, acted and printed in Dublin in 1783.
All Plot ; or, The Disg-uises. A play
by W. Strode, performed at Lincoln's Inn
Fields between 1662 and 1671. See Downes'
* Eoscius Anglicanus ' (1708).
All Puzzled. An anonymons farce,
dated 1702. See ' Biographia Dramatica.'
*' All that g-listers is not gold."—
'Merchant of Venice,' act ii. .sc. 6. Mid-
dleton, in his ' Fair Quarrel,' act ii. sc. 1, has
the line —
" All is not gold that glisteneth."
See All is not Gold and All that
Glitters.
All that Glitters is not Gold. A
comedy adapted from the French by Thomas
and J.M. Morton ((/.r.), and tirst performed
at the Olympic Theatre, London, on January
13, 1S51, with W. Farren as Jasper Plum,
Leigh Murray as Stephen Plum, W. Farren,
jun., as Frederick Plum, Mrs. Stirling as
Martha Gibb.9, Miss Louisa Howard as Ladij
Valeria Westendleir/h, and Compton as Toby
Twinkle. Lady Valeria, married to Frede-
rick, is pursued by a " wicked baronet," and
is in danger of falling a victim to his wUes,
when Martha, a pretty factory girl, beloved
by Stephen, succeeds in opening the lady's
eyes to her lover's falsity — only, however,
by compromising her own good name. Her
innocence being established, she marries
Stephen. This piece is sometimes called
' The Factory Girl.' It was first played at
New York in March, 1851, with Miss Gou-
genheim as Lady Valeria and Davidge as
Toby Tivinkle. Miss Ada Eehan has played
Lady Valeria in America. See All IS ^OT
Gold and All that Glisters.
All the Comforts of Home. A
farcical comedy founded by W. Gillette
and H. Duckworth upon Carl Lanfe's
' Ein Toller Einfal,' and first performed at
New York on September 8, 18^0 ; at the
Globe Theatre, London, on January 24, 1891,
with H. Paulton in the leading part ; at
the Elephant and Castle Theatre in 1892,
with L. Rignold as chief comedian.
" All the souls that -were, were
forfeit once."— ' Measure for Measure,'
act ii. sc. 2 {Isabella) —
"And He that mi?ht the vantage best have took
Found out the remedy."
"All the world's a stag-e." — 'As
You Like It,' act ii. sc. 7 {Jaques}—
" And all the men and women merely players . , ,
And one man in his time plays many parts."
The reflection is as old as Petronius Arbiter,
who wrote that " Totus mundus agit his-
trionem " — a sentence which, it is said,
was placed over the portal of Shakespeare's
theatre, the Glol)e. In the old play of
' Damon and Pythias ' (1592), a character
observes —
" Pythagoras said that this world was like a stage.
Whereon many pUvy their parts."
In Sir Thomas Chaloner's translation of
Erasmus's ' Praise of Folly' (1594) we read :
" All this life of mortall man, what is it else
but a certain kynde of stage plaie ? whereas
men come foorthe, disguised one in one
arraie, an other in an other, eche playinge
his parte." Hey wood, in his ' Apology for
Actors ' (1612) writes—
" The world's a Theatre, the earth a Stas:e.
Which God and Nature do with actors fill . . .
All men have parts, and each man acts his own . . .
Our play's begun
When we are born, and to the world first enter.
And all find £xUs when their parts are done."
All the "World's a Stag-e. A farce
by Isaac Jackmax, first performed at Dmry
Lane on April 7, 1777, with a cast including
Parsons {Diggery), Baddeley, Palmer,
Farren, :Miss P. Hopkins {Kitty Sprightly),
and Mrs. Hopkins. The humour appears
to have been derived from the proceedings
of Diggery and Kitty, who are stage-struck.
The farce was first played in New York in
1792.
All Vows Kept. A play by Captain
Downes, "printed and probably acted,'
says Genest, "in 1733," at Smock Alley,
Dublin. Four of the characters vow ap-
parently impossible things, but favourable
circumstances at last admit of "all vows"
being " kept," and all ends happUy. Among
the personce are Hercules (J. Elrington)
and Parthenia (Mrs. Bellamy), Trivoltio
(R. Elrington) and Ariomana (Mrs. Neale).
All without Money. The title of the
second act of Moiteux' 'Novelty' {q.v.).
This composition, says Dutton Cook, was
" certainly derived from the French." See
Lying Valet, The.
"All ye woods, and trees, and
bowers." First Hue of the song to Pan in
Fletcher's ' Faithful Shepherdess' {q.v.).
All's Fair in Love ; or, A Match
ALL'S LOST BY LUST
40 ALL'S WELL THAT ENDS WELL
for the Lawyer. (1) A farce in two acts,
by J. TOBIN iq.v.), first performed at Covent
Garden on April 29, 1803, with a cast in-
cluding Munden, Fawcett, Brunton, Mrs.
St. Leger, and Mrs. Mills. The chief part
is that of Sheepskin, probably played by
Munden. (2) ' All's Fair in Love : ' a five-
act play by John Brougham iq.v.), altered
from ' The Page,' and produced in 1853 at
Burton's Theatre. New York. (3) 'All's
Fair in Love : ' a charade by HENRY Hersee
(q.v.). See All is Fair.
All's Lost by Lust. A tragedy by
William Rowley (?.^^), founded partly on
• The Unfortunate Lovers ' (novel 3) ; acted,
says Fleay, at the Cockpit circa 1622, at the
Phoenix circa 1633, and printed'in the latter
year. Pepys saw it played at the Red Bull
in March, 1661. The main plot is taken from
history, the sub-plot (Langbaine says) from a
novel. The chief character, Rodorique, King
of Spain, seduces Jacinta, the daughter of
his general, Julianus ; and the last-named,
in revenge, joins Mulymicmen, King of the
Moors, and puts him on the Spanish throne.
Mulymumen desires to marry Jacinta, is
rejected, puts out Julianus' eyes, and cuts
off Jacinta's tongue. Jacinta is afterwards
accidentally killed by her father. Jaques,
a comic character, was played originally by
the author. On this play Mrs. Pix founded
one called 'The Conquest of Spain' (q.v.).
All's One; or, One of the Foure
Plaies in One, called A Yorkshire
Trag-edy. See Yorkshire Tragedy.
All's Rig-ht ; or, The Old School-
fellow. A comic interlude, first performed
at the Haymarket on June 15, 1827, Avith
Laporte as 3[r. Cool, Miss P. Glover as
Harriet Steady, and Mrs. Tayleure as Mrs.
Formal.
All's Well that Ends Well. A
comedy by William Shakespeare (g.v.),
first printed in the folio of 1623, and pro-
bably identical with the comedy called
* Love's Labours Wonne ' which IMeres,
in his ' Palladis Tamia ' (1598), mentions
among the plays of Shakespeare then po-
pular. " ' All's Well,'" .says Furnivall, " is,
I doubt not, ' Love's Labours Won ' recast.
Both have the name Dumaine in common,
in both is the Labour of Love : that which is
the growth of a life is won here, that which is
the growth of a day being lost in the earlier
play. Moreover, no intelligent person can
read the play without being struck by the
contrast of early and late work in it. The
stiff formality of the rhymed talk between
Helena and the Kiiig is due, not to etiquette,
but to Shakespeare's early time : so also the
end of the play" ('Leopold Shakspere ').
Fleay ('New Shakspere Society Transactions,'
1874) believes that the play was the work of
two widely parted periods, and that it took
its present form in 1602. Gervinus (' Shake-
speare Commentaries') and Von Friesen
('Shakespeare Jahrbuch') are also of opinion
that it is an early work re-handled. On the
other hand, Delius and Hertzberg attribute
it to Shake.speare's later years, the latter
assigning it to 1603. The main outline of the
plot was taken by the poet from Painter'^
'Palace of Pleasure* (vol. i. novel 38),
Painter having himself taken the story from
Boccaccio's ' Decamerone ' (day iii. novel
9). We read that "GUetta, a phisition »
daughter of Narbon, healed the French
king of a fistula, for reward whereof she
demanded Beltramo, Count of Rossiglione,
to husband. The counte, being married
against his will, for despite fled to Florence
and loved another. Giletta, his wife, by
poUicie founde meanes to lye with her
husband in place of his lover, and was
begotten with childe of two sonnes, which
knowen to her husband, he received her
againe, and afterwards he lived in great
honour and felicitie." This story, it may
be mentioned, has of late years formed the
basis of a comic opera called ' Gillette ' (q.v.).
In ' All's Well ' the Countess of Rousillon,
Parolles, and the Clown are wholly Shake-
speare's invention. " ' All's Well that
Ends Well' is," says Schlegel, " the old story
of a young maiden whose love looked
much higher than her station. . . . Love ap-
pears here in humble guise : the wooing
is on the woman's side ; it is striving, un-
aided by a reciprocal inclination, to over-
come the prejudices of birth. ... In this piece
old age is painted with rare favour : the
plain honesty of the king, the good-natured
impetuosity of old Lafeu, the maternal
indulgence of the Countess to Helena's
passion for her son, seem all as it were
to vie with each other in endeavours to
overcome the arrogance of the young count.
The style of the whole is more sententious
than imaghiative : the glowing colours of
fancy could not with propriety have been
employed on such a subject. In the pas-
sages where the humiliating rejection of the
poor Helena is most painfully affecting, the
cowardly Parolles steps in to the relief of
the spectator. The mystification by which
his pretended valour and his shameful slan-
ders are unmasked must be ranked among
the most comic scenes that ever were in-
vented. They contain matter enough for
an excellent comedy, if Shakespeare were
not always rich even to profusion." The-
comedy was revived at Goodman's Field,
London, in INIarch, 1741, with Giffard as
Bertram, Peterson as Parolles, Yates as
Cloion, Blakes as Dumain, Mrs. Giffard
as Helena, Mrs. Steel as the Countess,
INIrs. Dunstall as Mariana ; at Drury Lane-
in January, 1742, with Mills as Bertram,
Gibber, jun., as Parolles, Macklin as Clowiiy
and Mrs. Woffington [announced] as Helena
[see Davies' account of the performance] ; at
Covent Garden in April, 1746, with Woodward
as Parolles, and Mrs. Pritchard as Helena ;
at Drury Lane in October, 1762, with Palmer
as Bertram, King as Parolles, Mrs. Palmer as
Helena, and the Clown omitted ; at Covent
Garden in November, 1762, -n-ith Shuter as the
Cloum, and Miss Macklin as Helena; at Covent
Garden in December, 1772, with Lewes as-
Bertram ; at the Haymarket (altered by F.
Pilon) in July, 1785, with Bannister, jun., as
Parolles, EdAvin as Clown, Miss Farren as
ALLAN
41
ALLEYN
Helena, and Mrs. Inchbald as the Countess ;
at Drury Lane in December, 1794, with
Kemble as Bertram, Bannister, jun., as
Cloion, and Mrs. Jordan as Helena; at
Corent Garden (adapted by J. P. Kemble)
in May, 1811, with C. Kemble as Bertram,
Fawcett as Parolles, Munden as Lafeu,
Blanchard as Clown, and Mrs. H. John-
ston as Helena [Fawcett is said to have
been hissed, and to have desired to resign
his part] ; at Sadler's Wells in 1852, with
Samuel Phelps as Parolles. See the ' Shake-
speare Jahrbuch ' (vol.,vii.) and ' Shakspere's
Library ' (pt. i.). See, also, BERTRAM ;
Helena ; Lafeu ; Parolles.
Allan, Charles. Actor ; has played,
among original parts, Mr. CraJre in 'The
Dancing Girl' (1891) and Mr. Plowden in
'The Plowdens' (1892); Morten Kiil in
Ibsen's ' Enemy of the People' (1893) ; also
in the following revivals : ' The Merry
Wives of Windsor ' (Pistol, 1889), ' Beau
Austin' (Menteith, 1890), and 'Peril* (Dr.
Thornton, 1892).
AUan-a-dale, the Sherwood forester,
figures in Fitzball'S 'Robin Hood' (q.v.).
Allbut, John, Fanny, and Emily.
Characters in Spencer and James's ' Return
Ticket ' (q.v.).
AUcash, Lord and Lady, are cha-
racters not only in Auber's ' Fra Diavolo *
and its English versions, but also in the bur-
lesques of ' Fra Diavolo ' by H. J. Byron.
Allclack, Captain. A character in
'The Invisible Girl' (g.i'.).
Allcraft. See Solomons, Mordie.
AUdove, Mrs. A widow in Bayly's
'Comfortable Service' (q.v.).
Alldross, Roscius. An actor-manager
in G. Colman jun.'s ' X Y Z ' (q.v.).
" Alleg-ory on the hanks of the
Nile, Headstrong- as an."— Siieridan,
' The Rivals,' act iii. sc. 2 (J/rs. Malaprop).
AUeg-re. The devoted servant of Philip
Chabot, in Chapman and Shirley's tragedy
of that name (q.v.).
Allen. The name of the v^Titer to whom
dramatic pieces entitled ' Hymen ' (1764) and
' Hezekiah ' (1798) are ascribed.
Allen, Andrew (Jackson). American
actor, born 1776, died 1853 ; made his debut
at New York in 1786, as a page in ' Romeo
and JuUet ' ; was a member of the Chatham
Garden Theatre Company, New York, circa
1824, Mrs. AUen beuig also in the troupe ;
took the name of Jackson from that of
President Jackson, and latterly assumed
the title of ' Facher of the American stagb ; '
"was more famous as a cook than as a
player," says Laurence Hutton. See Ab^l-
lino and Phelps's 'Players of a Century'
(1880).
Allen, Barbara. See Barbara Allen.
Allen, Parmer. A character in Reade's
dramatization of Tennyson's 'Dora' (q.v.).
Allen, J. H. American actor ; member
of the company at the National Theatre,
New York ; in 1856 appeared as Harry
Gordon in ' Dred.' Mrs. Allen was a member
of the company at tlie Winter Garden
Theatre, New York, circa 1860, playing such
parts as that of May Fielding in ' Dot ' (q.v.).
See Jefferson's ' Autobiography ' (1889-90).
Allen, Mrs. Clarissa (Mrs. Lacombe
or La Coomb). American actress, died 1851 ;
made her debut at New York, in 1816, as
Rosina in the opera of that name.
Allen, "William. An actor described
in Wright's 'Historia Histrionica' (1699)
as " eminent," and as among those " of prin-
cipal note at the Cockpit." He was at one
time a major in Charles I.'s army.
Allendale. A comedy in three acts, by
Eden Phillpotts and G. B. Burgin, per-
formed at the Strand Theatre on the after-
noon of February 14, 1893.
Allesm, Annie. Actress, born at Brad-
ford, 1860 ; made her d^but in Glasgow in
1874, and her first appearance in London on
July 13, 1882. She was the original repre-
sentative of the heroines in HamLlton'"s
• Shadow Sceptre' (5-. I'.), Coleman's ' Wedded,
not Wived '(5. i\), and Bernard's 'Primroses'
(q.v.). Among her other assumptions are
Rosaline ('Love's Labour's Lost'), Isabella
(' Measure for Measure '), and the chief
"legitimate " rdles.
Alleyn, Edward. Actor, born in
London, 1566 ; died 1626 ; appears first in
theatrical records under the date of 1586,
when he figures as one of the Earl of
Worcester's players. Six years later,
Thomas Nash is found writing of him, in
* Pierce Penilesse,' that " not Roscius nor
Esope, those tragedians admyred before
Christ was borne, could ever performe more
in action than famous Ned Allen." In
1592 he married a stepdaughter of PhUip
Henslowe (q.v.), whose partner he became.
In the following year he joined Lord
Strange's actors in a provincial tour, re-
turning to London in 1594, and performing
there till 1597, when he "left playing for
a time." In 1600 he buUt, in conjunction
with Henslowe, the Fortune Theatre (q.v.),
which was thereupon occupied by the Lord
Admiral's company, headed by Alleyn him-
self. In 1605 he purchased the estate of
Dulwich, and eight years later began the
erection of the ^"College of God's Gift,"
which has done so much to hand his name
down to posterity, and which was formally
incorporated in 1619. The charity thus
founded consisted of a master, warden, four
fellows, six poor brothers, six poor sisters,
and twelve poor scholars ; the endowment
comprising, in addition to the Dulwich
estate, property in Lambeth and Bishops-
gate, and the Fortune Theatre, of which
Alleyn had obtained the freehold in 1610.
In 1623 Allevn married again, the lady
being a daughter of the poet Donne. Of
the last few years of his life little is known.
ALLEYNE
42
ALMAGRO
It is certain that he played Baralas, Tam-
hurlaine, and Faustus in :\Iarlo^ve's famous
dramas, and it is thought that he played Or-
lando in the ' Orlando Furioso ' of Greene.
T. Heywood wTote of him, in his ' Apology
for Actors,' as "in his time the most
•svorthy, famous ISIaister Edward Allen."
He also described him as " Proteus for
shapes, and Eoscius for a tongue." Fuller
says: "He was the Roscius of our age, so
acting to the life that he made any part
(especially a majestick one) to become him."
Baker wrote of him and Eurbage as " two
such actors as no age must ever look to
see the like." Ben Jonson's tribute to
AUeyn is well known : —
" If Rome so great, and in her wisest age,
Fear'd not to boast the glories of her stage,
As skilful Roscius, and grave ^sop, men.
Yet crown'd with honours, as with riches, then ;
"Who had no less a trumpet of their n.ime
Than Cicero, whose every breath was fame ;
How can so great example die in me.
That, AUe)Ti, I should pause to publish thee ?
Who both their graces in thyself hast more
Outstript than they did all that went before ;
And present worth in aU dost so contract,
As others speak, but only tliou dost act.
Wear this renown, 'lis just, that who did give
So many poet5 life, by one sbould live."
See Fuller's ' Worthies ' (1662), ' Biographia
Britannica ' (1747), Collier's ' Dramatic
Poetry ' (1831), Collier's ' Memoirs of Edward
Allevn ' (1841), CoUier's ' Alleyn Papers '
(1843), and Henslowe's ' Diary,' edit. 1845.
Alley ne, Miss, opened the Globe
Theatre, London, in October, 1870, with a
revival of ' The Taming of the Shrew' (g. v.),
in which she played Katherine. This was
followed by the production of ' ]^cartd '
(g.u.), in which she enacted the heroine.
See London Theatres (Globe).
Allfair, Princess. A character in
Planchi^'S 'Yellow Dwarf {q.v.).
Ailing-ham, John Till. Dramatic
^vriter, born about 1799-1810, the son of a wine-
merchant, and brought up to the law ; was
the author of the following pieces (q.v.): —
• Fortune's Frohc ' (1799), ''Tis All a Farce '
(1800), ' The Marriage Promise ' (1803), ' ]\Irs.
AYiggins' (1803), 'Hearts of Oak (1804),
♦ The Weathercock ' (1S06), ' The Romantic
Lover' (ISOG), and 'Who Wins?' (1808);—
also the reputed author of ' Independence '
(1809) and ' Transformation ' (ISIO), both of
which see. There is a reference to AUing-
ham in Boaden's ' Life of John Kemble '
(1825). See also the ' Biographia Drama-
tica ' (1812) and Genest's ' English Stage '
(1S32).
Ailing-ham, "William. Poet, bom
1828, died 1SS9 ; author of ' Ashby Manor,' a
play (q.v.).
Allison, Miss. See Seymour, Mrs.
Allnut. (1) Abel Allnut is the " gipsy
farmer " in J. B. Johnstone's drama of that
name. (2) Will Allnut is landlord of the
Swan, in Stirling's 'John Felton' {g.v.).
His wife is named Grace; his son, Oliver.
Allow me to Apologize. A farce
in one act, by J. P. Wooler {q.v.), first
performed at the Olympic Theatre, London,
on October 28, 1850, with G. Cooke as Sir
Peter Pedigree, Compton as Goliah Goth,
Mrs. Murray as Fanny Fairlove, and Miss
Adams as Mary Myrtle.
Allo-w me to Explain. A farce by W.
S. Gilbert (q.v.), altered from the French,
and first performed at the Prince of Wales's
Theatre, London, on November 4, 1867, with
a cast including George Honey (Cadderhy),
S. B. Bancroft (John Smith), Miss Rose
Massey, Miss Augusta WUton, and Miss
Blanche Wilton. The plot turns upon Cad-
derby's annuity of £300 a year being de-
Eendent on the life of John Smith, whom he
as never seen.
Alls Perce (Alice Pierce) is mentioned
by Henslowe as one of the stock pieces at
the Rose Theatre, near Bankside.
Allsides, Sir Andre-w. A character
in J. R. Planche's ' Court Favour ' (q.v.).
AUsorts, Alexander and Rachel.
Characters in J. B. JOHNSTONE'S 'Gale
Breezely ' (q.v.).
Allspice. (1) Abigail Allspice is servant
to Constance in Prest's ' Miser of Shore-
ditch.' (2) Toby and Clementina Allspice are
characters in T. Morton's ' Way to get
Married ' (q.v.).
Allthere, Lady, figures in Her^ian
and Jones's 'Fay o' Fire ' (q.v.).
All-will, Lady Amaranthe. A cha-
racter in Palgrave Simpson's ' School for
Coquettes ' (q.v.).
All-worth, Lady, in Massinger's
'New Way to pay Old Debts' (q.v.), is step-
mother of Tom Allicorth, and eventually
marries Lord Lovel.
Alma Mater; or, A Cure for Co-
quettes. A play in three acts, by DiON
BouciCAULT (q.v.), first performed at the
Haymarket on September 19, 1842, with
Farren as Sir Samuel Sarcasm, H. HoU
as Wildfire, F. Vinin^ as Gradus, Mrs.
Glover as the Widow \ enture. Miss Charles
as Lilly Venture, Webster as Pliant, and
Brindal as Count Pav6. Sir Samuel pairs
off with the Widow, and Lilly gives her hand
to Wildfire, Sir Samuel's scapegrace son, in
preference to Gradus, the pedantic. Pliant
is a student, and Count Pave a swindling
man about to-wn. The comedy was first
played at New York in December, 1842, with
J. Brougham as Coic7it Pav4 and Mrs.
Brougham as Lilly. Count Pav4 was in the
repertory of Lester Wallack.
Almachilde; or. The Lombards.
A play first performed at New York in
August, 1829.
Almacks. A female character in
* Novelty Fair ' (q.v.).
Almag-ro. (1) A Spanish captain in ' Pi-
zarro' (q.v.). (2) Friend of Alasco, in She-
ridan KnO'R'XES'S 'Rose of Arragon' (q.v.).
ALMAHIDE
43
ALMOST A LIFE
Almahide. Queen of Granada, in Dry-
DEN's ' Conquest of Granada' (,q.v.).
Almahide and Hamet. An unacted
tragedy by Benjamin Heath Malkin,
printed in 1804, and founded on Dryden's
Almanzor and Almahide ' (q.v.).
Almanac (The). A play performed at
Court in 1612.
Alm^anza. A female character in Mrs.
INCHBALD'S ' Child of Nature ' (q-V.).
Almanzor. (1) A caliph in Mrs.
Man LEV'S ' Alrayna ' (q.v.). (2) The hero of
Drvden's ' Conquest of Granada ' (q.v.), in
love with Almahide (q.v.), and the original
of Drawcansir (q.v.) in Buckingham's ' Re-
hearsal ' (q.v.). Sir Walter Scott says of
him : " It is not only the actual effects of
Almanzor' s valour which appear to us un-
natural, but also the extraordinary prin-
ciples and motives by which those exertions
are giiided. . . . The extravagance of sen-
timent is no less necessary than the ex-
travagance of achievement to constitute a
true knight-errant ; and such is Almanzor."
Almanzor and Almahide ; or, The
Conquest of Granada. See Conquest
OF GuANADA and Almahide and Hamet.
Almar, Georgre. Dramatic writer ;
manager of Sadler's Wells Theatre (1833-5) ;
author of the following, among other pieces
for the stage :— ' Atar Gull,' ' The Battle of
Sedgmoor,' ' Belvidere,' ' The Black Kagle,'
♦ The Bull-Fighter,' ' The Cedar Chest,' ' The
Charcoal-Burner,' * Cinderella,' ' Clerk of
Clerkenwell,' ' Crossing the Line,' ' The
Death-Light,' ' Don Quixote,' ' The Earl
of Poverty,' 'The Evil Eye,' 'The False
Key,' ' The Fire-Raiser,' ' Gaspardo the Gon-
dolier,' ' The Headsman of Vienna,' ' The
CJood-looking Fellow,' 'Jane of the Hatchet,'
* The Knights of St. John,' ' Lucrece Borgia,'
'The Mountain King,' ' Oliver Twist,' ' Peer-
less Pool,' ' Pedlar's Acre,' ' Perinet Leclerc,'
*The Robber of the Rhine,' 'The Rover's
Bride,' ' The Shadow,' ' The Seven Sisters,'
and 'The Tower of Nesle.'
Almaviva, The Count and Coun-
tess, figure in Colman's 'Spanish Barber'
iq.v.), Holcroft's ' Folhes of the Day '
(q.v.), Fawcett and Terry's ' Barber of
Seville ' (q v.), Planche's ' Two Figaros '
iq.v.), and jNIortimer's ' School of Intrigue'
(q.v.).
Almeida. A character in ' Black Beard,'
played by Mrs. Duff.
Almena. An opera, the words by
Richard Rolt, the music by INIichael Arne
and Battishill, acted at Drury Lane in
1764.
Almeria. Daughter of the King of
Granada in Congreve's ' ISIourning Bride '
(q.v.).
Almeric, Sir. A character in Phipps'S
' King Rene's Daughter' (q.v.).
Alm.evda. The deposed empress in
Reynolds's ' Renegade ' (q.v.).
Almeyda ; or. The Rival King-s.
A ti-agedy by Gorges Edmond Howard ;
founded on Dr. Hawkesworth's ' Almoran
and Hamet,' and printed 1769.
Almeyda, Q,ueen of Granada. A
tragedy in tive acts, by SOPHIA Lee (q.v.),
first performed at Drury Lane on April
20, 1790, with Mrs. Siddons as the heroine,
Kemble as Alonzo, Wroughton as Orasmyn,
and Palmer as Abdallah. Miss Lee borrowed
the catastrophe from Shirley's ' Cardmal '
(q.v.).
Almida. A tragedy by JIdme. Celisia,
suggested by Voltaire's ' Tancrede,' and
first performed at Drury Lane on January
12, 1771, with Mrs. Barry as the heroine,
Barry as Tancred, Reddish as ArnolpJi, and
Aikin as Orbassan. Garrick produced this
play because the authoress had been civil
to him du'.'ing his Italian tour; "by the
inimitable acting of Mrs. Barry it had a
run of ten nights" (Genest). Doran calls
it "perhaps the most insufferable of the
tragedies of this time."
Almida, the heroine of Wills and
Herman's ' Claudian ' (q.v.), appears in
BURNAND's burlesque, ' Paw Claudian' (q.v.),
as Almi-i-da.
Almidor. A character in A Beckett
and Lemon's ' St. George and the Dragon '
(q.v.).
Almig-hty Dollar (The). A melo-
drama by W. Wood, produced at Barnsley
on December 13, 1888. See Mighty Dollar,
The.
Almira. A character in Phillips's
'Belisarius' (q.v.).
Almirina. A mock tragedy by Arthur
Murphy (q.v.), first performed at the Royalty
Theatre, London, on September 10, 1787.
"This piece was acted by one person (Mr.
John Palmer), with the aid of wooden or
pasteboard figures" ('Biogi'aphiaDramatica,'
1812). The idea, however, had been used by
Foote in his ' Tragedy-ii-la-Mode ' (q.v.).
Almond, Mrs- Georg:e(EmmaRomer).
English opera singer, born 1S14, died 1868 ;
made her first appearance at Covent (warden
in October, 1830, as Donna Clara in '. The
Duenna' (q.v.) ; was the original representa-
tive of Zerlina in Braham's English version
of 'Era Diavolo' (1S31), of Eolia in Barnett's
' Mountain Sylph ' (1834), and of Fair
Rosamond in Barnett's opera of that name
(1837). She married in 1636, and left the
stage in 1852.
Almond, Prince. Son of King Phil-
bert, in Planche's ' Good Woman in the
Wood' (^.r.).
Almost a Life. A drama in six acts,
adapted by Ettie Henderson from a novel
by Gaboriau ; performed at the Standard
Theatre, New York, in 1878, with Charles
Leclercq as Ji(?t's de Bonneval; produced at
the Court Theatre, Liverpool, on November
6, 1882, with Eben Plympton as Jnles ;
revived in 1889 at the People's Theatre,
ALMYNA
ALONZO THE BRAVE
New York, with Miss Maud Granger as the
heroine, Avisie. The life which is ahnost
sacrificed is that of Julea, who is falsely-
accused of murder.
Almyna; or, The Arabian Vow.
A tragedy by Mrs. Manley {q.v.), first per-
formed at the Havmarket on December 16,
1706, with Mrs. Barry as Abmjna, Mrs.
Bracegirdle as Zoradia, Betterton as the
Caliph Almanzor, and Wilks as Abdalla.
The storv is taken from 'The Life of the
Caliph Almanzor' and 'Arabian Nights.'
The vow is that which has been made by
Almanzor on account of the infidelity of his
first wife— namely, that whomsoever he shall
marry in future shall be executed on the
morning after the espousals.
Alone. A drama in three acts, by J.
Palgrave Simpson (q.v.) and H. C. Meri-
VALE (q.v.), first performed at the Court
Theatre, London, on October 25, 1873, with
George Rignold as Colonel Challice, andMiss
Litton, Miss O'Berne, Chfford Cooper, Edgar
Bruce, and Alfred Bishop in other parts.
" A father has been estranged from his only
daughter under a false belief in her miscon-
duct, and has afterwards become blind.
The daughter introduces herself under an
assumed name into his house, as reader
and housekeeper, and ultimately succeeds
in convincing him of her innocence."
Alone in London. A drama in a pro-
logue and four acts, by Robert Buchanan
(q.v.) and Harriett Jay (q.v.), first per-
formed at Philadelphia, and afterwards at
the Opera House, New York, in September,
1885 ; first produced in London at the
Olympic Theatre, on November 2, 1885, with
Miss Amy Roselle as Annie Meadotvs, Miss
Jay as Tom Chickiveed, Leonard Boyne as
John Biddlecomb, and Herbert Standing as
Richard RedcUffe [:\Iiss Jay afterwards
played Annie, and Miss L. Gourlay Tom] ;
performed in the English provinces and at
the Surrey Theatre, London, in 1887 ; revived
at the Princess's, London, in December,
1891, with H. Neville as Biddlecomb, W. L.
Abingdon as RedcUffe, Miss E. Terriss as
Tom, and Miss M. Elmore as Annie.
Alonso. King of Naples in ' The Tem-
pest' (q.v.); brother of Sebastian and father
of Ferdinand (q.v.). He figui-es also in the
Broughs' ' Enchanted Isle' (q.v.).
Alonzo. (1) A tragedy by John Home (q.v.),
first performed at Drury Lane on February 27,
1773, with Reddish in the title part, Chnch
as Alberto, and Mrs. Barry as Ormisinda.
Velasco, a minor character, was jjlayed by
Jefferson " the first " (q.v.). Alonzo is secretly
married to Ormisinda, and Alberto is (un-
known to Alonzo) their son. Alonzo is led
to believe his wife is unfaithful to him, and
{)ublicly accuses her. Alberto challenges
lim to fight ; Ormisinda rushes between the
combatants, and then stabs herself. She
explains everything to her husband's satis-
faction, and then dies. Horace Walpole
■^-•ote : " The language is as poor as the
plot." Doran says : " Although Alonzo is
the hero, he does not appear till the play
is half over, and when the piece came to
nearly that point on [March 9] Reddish was
missing ; a riot ensued, and his part wa.s
read by one of the Aickins. Just before the
curtain fell the truant appeared, declaring
that he had only just remembered that it
was not an oratorio night. His comrades
believed him, and for fear the public should
be less credulous he ran from the theatre
to Bow Street office, and there, in presence
of Sir Sampson Wright, made oath to that
effect. The affidavit was published the
next day, and he thereto adds, ' that this
unhappy mistake may not be misconstrued
into a wilful neglect of his duty, he most
humbly begs pardon of the public for the
disappointment.' The public forgave him,
and received him kindly on his next appear-
ance." (2) A play by William Charles
"White, performed in America.
Alonzo. (1) A Portuguese gentleman in
Beaumont and Fletcher's ' Custom of the
Country ' (q.v.). A character in (2) Flet-
cher's ' Rule a Wife, and Have a Wife '
(q.v.), (3) Miss Lee's 'Almeyda' (q.v.),
and (4) Young's 'Revenge' (q.v.). (5) A
Peruvian knight in Sheridan's ' Pizarro '
(q.v.) The part Avas originally represented
by Charles Kemble, and it is recorded of
that actor that "Sheridan ahvays thought
well of him, particularly after his perform-
ance of Alonzo in ' Pizarro ; ' the grateful
author used to address him as ' my Alonzo.' "
(6) Son of the King of Arragon, and husband
of Olivia, in Sheridan Knowles's 'Rose
of Arragon' (q.v.).
Alonzo the Brave and the Fair
Imogine. A ballad in M. G. Lewis's
romance of 'The Monk' (1795), on which
have been founded several dramatic pieces :
(1) ' Alonzo and Imogine ; or. The Bridal
Spectre : ' a pantomimic romance by T.
DiBDiN (q.v.), performed at Covent Garden
on June 10, 1801. (2) ' Alonzo the Brave : '
a play performed at the Coburg in 1826.
(3) ' Alonzo the Brave : ' a pantomime pro-
duced at the Princess's at Christmas, 1850.
(4) ' Alonzo the Brave :' a pantomime pro-
duced at the City of London Theatre in
1861. (5) ' Alonzo the Brave and the Fair
Imogine ; or, The Spectre Bride : ' a
"legendary romantic melodrama" by H.
M. MiLNER (q.v.). (6) ' Alonzo the Brave ;
or, Faust and the Fair Imogine : ' a bur-
lesque by F, C. BURNAND (q.v.), first per-
formed by the A. D. C, Cambridge, in 1857.
Among the characters, besides those men-
tioned in the title, are Mephistopheles
(originally played by the author), Sybel,
Barco, Byto, Pipo de Clayo, and Dame.
Martha. In this travesty Imogine takes
the place of Marguerite in the affections of
Faust. " For a while, in the absence of
Alonzo, she yields to the snares of the
tempter ; but in the end her first sweetheart
appears to her as his own ghost, her incon-
stancy is forgiven, and Faust retires." (7)
' Alonzo and Imogene ; or. The Dad, the Lad,
the Lord, and the Lass : ' a burlesque by W.
W. Bird, Her Majesty's Theatre, Rich-
ALP
45
ALTAMONT
fmond, April 17, 1SG9. (8) ' Alonzo ye Brave,
and ye Fayre Imogene : ' burlesque by S. M.
IIaRRISOX. Alexandra, Liverpool, April 2,
1S76. (9) ' Alonzo the Brave : ' a burJesque
by H. T. Craven (q.v.}.
Alp. The " dumb brigand " in the play
of that name (q.v.).
Alpenkonig-, Der. See King of the
Alps.
Alphabet. A bookseller in Miller's
* Art and Nature ' (q.v.).
Alpheus. A river deity in W. Brough's
• Endymion ' (q.v.).
Alphonse, Monsieur. See Mon-
sieur Alpho.nse.
Alphonse. (1) King of Naples in Beau-
mont and Fletcher's ' A Wife for a IMonth '
(q.v.). (2) Father of Alinda (q.v.) in Beau-
mont and Fletcher's ' Pilgrim ' (q.v.). (3)
A prince in Congreve's ' Mourning Bride'
(q.v.), married to Almeria (q.v.).
Alphonso, King- of Naples. A tra-
gedy by G. Powell, performed at the Theatre
Koyal in 1691, with Bowman as Alphonso^
Mrs. Bracegirdle as Urania, Powell as Fer-
dinand, and Mountfort as Cesario. Alphonso
desires his daughter, Urania, to marry Fer-
dinand, Prince of Thessaly. But Urania
is already privately contracted to Cesario,
general of Naples. The lovers escape, but are
captured. Ferdinand and Cc.<!ario fight, and
are mortally wounded; and Urania kills
lierself. Powell was indebted in a few de-
tails to Shirley's ' Young Admiral' (q.v.).
Alphonsus, Emperor of Germany.
A tragedy ascribed to George Chapman
(q.v.), acted at Blackfriars in 1636, and
printed in 1654. " This play," says an
authority, ''seems to have been WTitten in
honour of the English nation, in the person
of Richard, Earl of Cornwall, son to King
John, and brother to Henry III., who was
chosen King of the Romans in 1257, at the
.same time that Alphonsus, the tenth King
of Castile, was chosen by other electors."
"May not this," says Fleay, "be the play
called by Henslow ' Harry of Cornwell ' ? . . .
The attribution of its authorship by Moseley
to Chapman in 1654, has not the slightest
x'alue. . . . Wood and Winstanley, with
much greater probability, assign it to Peele.
Jt is a Machiavellian revenge-play, and has
much German in it."
Alphonsus, King- of Arrag-on, The
Comical History of. A comedv by
Robert Greene (q.v.), printed in 1599.
Alphonsus, Pi-ince of Arragon, is in exile,
but, while assisting the Kinfj of Naples
against the usurper of his father's crown,
so distinguishes himself that the Einr/ pro-
mises to grant him anything. He asks for
and obtains the throne of Arragon, but
afterwards resigns it in order to fight with
Sultan Amiirack for the sovereignty of the
Mahometan empire. He defeats Amurack,
and, marrying his daughter lp)higina, after-
wards becomes Sultan. Among the cha-
racters introduced is Medea, who works
enchantments, raising the ghost of Homer's
Calchas. That this was one of Greene's
earliest plays is, says Fleay, evident. "A
second part was intended, but not pro-
duced."
Alpine Maid (The). A vaudeville by
Benjamin Webster (q.v), music by Lee,
first performed at New York in February,
1841, with Chippendale as Swig and Mrs.
Maeder as Rosette.
Alpine Roses. A romantic play by
Hjalmar H. Boyesen, first performed at
the Madison Square Theatre, New York, on
January 31, 1SS4, with a cast including
Miss G. Cayvan. Miss M. Burroughs, Mrs.
T. Whiffen, G. Clarke, T. Whiffen, W. J. Le
Moyne, and R. Mansfield.
Alps (The). See Loyal Loaers.
AJraschid, Haroun, is the " aethiop "
in DiMOND's play of that name (q.v.).
Alraschid is also one of the per.wnce in
W. Brough's 'Caliph of Bagdad' (q.v.),
H. M. MiLNER's 'Barmecide' (q.v.), and R.
Reece's ' Perfect Love ' (q.v.). See Haroun
Alr.^chid.
Alsatia. See Squire of Alsatia, The.
AlsatTce. A cook in J. Poole's 'My
Wife !— What Wife ?' (q.v.).
Alscrip, Miss. " The heiress " in Bur-
GOYNE's comedy of that name (q.v.).
Alsop, Mrs. Actress ; eldest daughter
of Mrs. Jordan (q.v.) ; christened Frances ;
and maiTied to a Mr. Alsop, of the Ordnance
Office. Eventually she went on the stage,
and in 1815 appeared at Covent Garden as
Rosalind. Hazlitt then AATote of her : "Mrs.
Alsop is a very nice little woman, who acts
her part very sensibly and cleverly, and
with a certain degree of arch humour, but
' no more like her mother than we to Her-
cules.' When we say this, we mean no dis-
paragement to this lady's talents, who is a
real acquisition to the stage in correct and
chaste acting. . . . Her voice is clear and
articulate, but not rich or flowing. In per-
son she is small, and her face is not prepos-
sessing. Her delivery of the speeches was
correct and excellent as far as it went, but
vrithout much richness or power. Lively
good sense is Avhat she really possesses"
(' A View of the p]nglish Stage '). Mrs.
Alsop made her first appearance in America
at New York in November, 1820, as Donna
Violante in 'The Wonder' (q.v.) and Maria
in 'The Actress of AU Work' (q.v.). She
died in 1821.
Altamira. A tragedy by Benjamin
Victor (q.v.), intended for representation in
1753 ; revised in 1766, and printed in 1776. It
was founded mainly on an episode in Italian
history, with hints from the ' Philander and
Silvia' of Mrs. Manley.
Altamont. (1) A young Genoese lord in
RowE's 'Fair Penitent' (q.v.), married to
Calista (q.v.). (2) A character in ' Forty and
Yilty' (q.v.).
ALTAR OF REVENGE
46
AMALIA
Altar of Reveng-e (The). See Nick
OF THE Woods.
Altemast. See Altemira.
Altemira. Atragedvinrliyme.byROGEU,
Boyle, Earl of Orrery, acted in Lincoln's
Inn Fields in 1702, witli Betterton as Clori-
mon, Booth as Lycidor, Mrs. Bowman as
Candace (Altemast), and Mrs. Barry as the
heroine, with whom the other three are in
love. Eventually Clorlmon kills Altemast,
anfrl resigns Altemira to Lycidor. In the
course of the play one of the characters
says—
" Whatever crimes are acted for a crown.
The gods forgive, when once that crown's put on."
We have also the following couplet :—
"Let 'em disguise their weakness .is the.v can,
No woman yet e'er doated on one man."
Altemire, aueen. A character in
Gilbert's 'Palace of Truth ' (^.r.).
Altenterg-, The Harp of. See Harp
OF ALTENBERG.
Altenburg-, Prince of. Father of
Adrian in Dimond's 'Adrian and Orilla'
{q.v.).
Alternative (The). A comedy acted
in Dublin in 1706.
Alterville, Captain. A character in
G. A. A Beckett's ' Pascal Bruno ' {q.v.).
Altophil, Duke. A character in ' The
Unfortunate Lovers' iq.v.).
Altorf . A tragedy by Frances Wright
{q.v.), first performed at New York in Feb-
ruary, 1819, with Wallack in the title part.
Rosina, in this piece, was one of the roles of
Mrs. J. R. DufC.
Altrades, Jack. A character in E.
Fitzball's ' Negro of Wapphig ' (q.v.').
Alucius. A "history ""shewed at White-
hall" in 1579 "by the children of Her
Majestie's Chappell."
Alnredus sive Alfredus. See Alfred
the Great,
Alvar. A character in Coleridge's
'Remorse' (q-v.). Sir G. Beaumont is said
to have been the " original " of it.
Alvar o. The lover of Agnes in Mrs.
Cockburn's 'Agnes de Castro' (q.v.).
Alvimar, Bertrand. A character in
OxENFORD and H. Wiga.n's ' A Life Chase'
(q.v.).
Always Intended. A comedy in one
act, by Horace Wigan (q.v.), first performed
at the' Olympic Theatre, London, on April 3,
1865, with the author as Mr. Project, Mac-
lean as Muddle, E. F. Edgar as Charles
Constant, and Miss Sheridan as Mrs. Mark-
ivtll ; revived at the Lyceum Theatre,
London, in October, 18SS, with Frankau as
Project and ZNIiss Sheridan as Mrs. Markicell.
Alyface, Annot. One of the work-
girls in 'Ralph Roister Doister' (q.v.).
Alzira; or, The Spanish Insult
Resented. A tragedy by Aaron Hill (7. r.),
adapted from Voltaire, and acted at Lin-
coin's Inn Fields on June 18, 1736, with Mrs.
Giffard in the title part, Wright as Don
Carlos, and Johnson as Zamnr. Alzira is an
Indian girl, converted to Christianity, and
married to Don Carlos, governor of Peru.
But she has been in love with Zamor, an
Indian sovereign, and, when he appears as a
captive, procures his freedom. He stabs
Don Carlos, who, however, pardons him, and
resigns Alzira to him. Zamor thereupon
becomes a Christian. Voltaire's ' Alzire '
was also translated by Dr. Franklin and
William SomervUle.
Alzuma . A tragedy by Arthur Murphy
(q.v.), first performed at Covent Garden on
February 23, 1773, with Smith in the title
part, Bensley as Don Carlos, Hull as Pizarro,
Mrs. Hartley as Orellana, and Miss Miller
as Orazia. Alzuma and Orellana are the
children of Orazia by the last inca of Peru.
Orazia is now the wife of Pizarro, the
conqueror of Peru, who, ignorant of Al-
zinna's identity, sentences him to death.
Alzuma stabs Pizarro, unintentionally kill-
ing Orazia at the same time. He is, how-
ever, pardoned by the conqueror's son, Don
Carlos, who is in love with Orellana. The
tragedy was played at New York in ISOO,
under the title of ' Peru Revenged.'
Amabel, Prince. See Prince Amabel.
Amadan (The). A drama in three acts,
by Dion Boucicault (q.v.), produced at
the Theatre Royal, Richmond, Surrey, on
January 29, 1SS3 ; and in New York, at the
Star Theatre, in April, 1883, with a cast
including the author, D. G. Boucicault, W.
Herbert, and iliss Sadie Martinot.
Amadi, Madame [Annie Tremaine].
Actress and vocalist; was in the original
casts of Gilberts ' Robert the Devil ' (1868),
Thompson's ' Columbus' (1869), Sala's 'Wat
Tyler ^ (1869), Gilbert's 'Thespis' (1871),
etc. Of late years she has sustained in
London the following original parts : —
Mdme. Dubois in 'Our Diva' (18S6), Donna
Tralara in ' Mynheer Jan ' (1887), La Cha-
noinesse in 'Captain Therese' (1890), Dame
Durden in ' Maid Marian' (1891), Mrs. Tun-
nard in 'The Planter' (1891), and Pamela
Patch in 'The Golden Web' (1893). She
also played Lady Alicia in 'Marjorie* in
1890, and Lady Allcash in ' Era Diavolo ' in
1893.
Amalasont, Q,ueen of the G-oths.
An unpublished tragedy by John Hughes
(q.v.), -written in 1696.
Amalia, Miss. Actress ; made her
London debut at the Surrey Theatre in 1869 ;
was in the original casts of Byron's ' Little
Dr. Faust' (1877), Byron's ' II Sonnambulo '
(1878), Merivale's 'Lady of Lvons Married
and Settled' (1S7S), Byron's 'Uncle' (1878),
Bvron's ' Handsome Hernani' (1879), Byron's
'Pretty Esmeralda' (1879), Burnand's'' Bal-
loonacy ' (1879), ' Cupid' (1880), Reece's ' Half-
Crown' Diamonds ' (ISSO). Clarke's ' Adam-
less Eden (1882), Herve's 'La Cosaque*
ri
AMANA
AMATEUR ACTING
(1884), C. R.^ Turner's ' Handsome is that
Handsome does ' (1888), etc. ; was in the
revivals of ' Brighton ' and ' Dombey and
Son ' in 1880 ; appeared in Drury Lane
pantomime in 1873, 1874, ISSl.
Amana. A dramatic poem by Mrs.
Elizabeth Griffith, printed in 1764.
Amanda. (1) A character in Gibber's
•Love's Last Shift' (q.v.). She appears
again (2) in Vanbrugh's 'Relapse' (q.v.),
and is "interesting," says Hazlitt, "espe-
cially in the momentary wavering and quick
recovery of her virtue." See Worthy. She
figures also (3) in Sheridan's 'Trip to
Scarborough ' (q.v.). (4) A character in
Robertson's ' Play' (q.v.). See Amandus.
Araandus and Amanda are characters
in Desprez and Cellier's ' Carp ' (q.v.).
Amantha. Daughter of Colonel Wal-
iinghaiii in Shee's ' Alasco ' (q.v.).
Am.anth.is. A character in (1) Mrs.
Inchbald's ' Child of Nature ' (q.v.), and
(2) C. J. Mathews' 'Little Toddlekins'
iq.v.). (3) The Lady Amanthis figures in
Gilbert's 'Broken Hearts' (q.v.).
Amanuensis (The). A play by John
Lynd, performed in New York in 1888.
Amaranta. Wife of Bavtolus (q.v.), and
beloved by Leandro (q.v.), in Beauiniont and
Fletcher's ' Spanish Curate' (7. •«.).
Amaranth, Iiady. The Quaker
heroine of O'Keefe's ' Wild Oats' (q.v.).
Amaranthe. A character in the Eng-
lish versions of ' La Fille de Madame Angot '
(q.v.).
Amarillis. A shepherdess in Flet-
cher's 'Faithful Shepherd' (q.v.), in love
with Perigot (q.v.), whom she endeavours in
vain to lure from Amoret (q.v.).
Amaryllis. A character in Bucking-
ham's ' Rehearsal' (q.v.).
Amasis, King- of Eg-ypt. A tragedy
by Charles Marsh (q.v.), first performed
(Genest says) at Covent Garden on August
22, 1738. The plot is wholly fictitious, being
in no way indebted to the narrative of
Herodotus.
Amateur Acting-. It would be diffi-
cult, if not impos.sible, to indicate the origin
of amateur acting. In England, certainly,
the first actors — i.e. the monks who per-
formed in the ' mysteries' (q.v.) and ' miracle-
plays ' (q.v.)— were, in every sense, amateurs.
And the example tlaus set in the church
was by-and-by followed in the schools, at
the universities, and at Court. It is Avell
known that the first English comedy, ' Ralph
Roister Doister' (q.v.), was written by
Nicholas Udall, a master at Eton, for
representation, in private, by his scholars.
An early amateur performance at Cam-
bridge—about 1616— has quite an historical
interest, owing to the presence among the
actors of no less a personage than voung
Oliver Cromwell. (See Tactus.) Under
Elizabeth and the two first Stuarts, the
masque (q.v.) came into vogue among
royalty and the aristocracy, and to the
fondness for this sort of work we owe
Milton's 'Comus' (q.v), written for pro-
duction at Ludlow Castle in 1634, the
" cast " including the sons and daughter of
the Earl of Bridgewater. Queen Henrietta
Maria promoted many entertainments of
the kind, and we read later of the Princess
(afterwards Queen) Anne being " coached"
for a performance of Lee's ' Mithridates '
(q.v.) by Joseph Ashbury (q.v.), the manager
and actor. It is also recorded of the princess
that she took part, in 1675, in a representa-
tion of Crowne's ' Calisto ' (q.v.). In 174&
' Cato ' (q.v.) was played at Leicester House
by the children of the Prince of Wales,
assisted by young members of the nobHity.
Prince Georjge, afterwards George III., was
Fortius ; Prince Edward, Julia ; the Prin-
cess Augusta, Marcia ; and the Princes.?
Elizabeth, Lucia. Two years later ' Othello '
was given at Drury Lane Theatre by a
company of amateurs, including Sir Francis
Delaval (q.v.) and certain of his relatives.
This was a highly " fashionable " affair, the
patronage being very distinguished, and
the expenses running to about £1000. In
1773 ' Venice Preserved ' was performed at
Kelmarsh, the seat of Mr. Hanbury, and
among those who appeared was Mr. David
Garrick, the nephew of the famous actor, as
well as Mr. Cradock (q.v.), a noted amateur
of the time. But surely the most magnificent
amateur of those days was the Earl of Barry-
more (q.v.), who, be.sides being an actor of
apparently varied ability, built himself a
tiieatre at his seat in Berkshire, and there
superintended a succession of dramatic
representations. In these cases the profes-
sional was mingled Avith the amateur ele-
ment, some of the leading actors of the day
beinij engaged by his lordship. There was
another private theatre at Brandenburgh
House, Hammersmith, and here the Mar-
gravine of Anspach (q.v.) made numerous
appearances both as author and as actress.
Worthy to rank with the doings at Lord
Barrymore's were those which took place
between 1770 and 1808, at Wynnstay, the
seat of Sir W. W. Wynn. These, we are
told, "were on a scale of great complete-
ness," and included such serious adventures
as certain Elizabethan tragedies. Among
notable amateurs at the beginning of the
century were Sir Thomas Lawrence, Captain
Caulfield (who appeared at Covent Garden
in 1802), and the remarkable ' Romeo *
Coates (q.v.). The last-named made his
debut in London in 1811, and had the dis-
tinction of being burlesqued by the elder
Mathews (q.v.). Captain Hicks, Captain
Tuckett, and a disreputable journahst
named Gregory, all had, as amateurs, a
certain amount of notoriety in their day,
and the first-named was even once seen at
Covent Garden (about 1837). Probably the
most distinguished company of amateurs
ever seen in^Engiand was that organized by
Charles Dickens (q.v.) for performances in
aid of the proposed Guild of Literature and
AMATEUR PANTOMIME
AMBIENT
Art. The doings of this company are
narrated, more or less fully, in the biography
and correspondence of Dickens, -vrho was
himself the best amateur actor of his day.
He was supported by Mark Lemon, John
Forster, and other well-known persons, for
whom the first Lord Lytton •oTote ' Not so
Bad as we Seem' (q'v.), and who were
especially successful in ' The Frozen Deep '
(g.r.) and ' The Light-House ' (q-v.). Notable
amateur performances were those which
took place in Manchester in 1S79, when
Miss Helen Faucit (q.v.) and Miss Wallis
iq.v.) were supported (in ' As You Like It ')
by a number of non-professionals, including
Tom Taylor, Herman Merivale, Hon. Lewis
Wingfleid, and others. Still more recently
there have been representations in London
of 'The Tale of Troy,' dramatized from
Homer, and of 'The Story of Orestes,'
adapted from .Fschylus ; Avhilst the company
headed by Lady Archibald Campbell has
made popular some outdoor performances
of 'The Faithful Shepherdess' (q.v.) and
of scenes in 'As You Like It' {q.v.) and
' Becket ' (q.v.). Among other distinguished
amateurs of our own time have been Sir
Charles Young (q.v.) and Lady Monckton
Cq.v.), the latter of whom joined the regular
stage in 1SS6. It is impos'sible even to men-
tion the names of the amateur clubs which
have come to the front so prominently of
recent years. Of these, one of the most
notable' is that of the Old Stagers, which
(with the assistance of professional ac-
tresses) has performed so many pleasant
histrionic feats at Canterbury year by year.
Few English regiments have been without
their histrionic ambitions, and specially
praiseworthy have been the efforts, from
time to time, of the Brigade of Guards, whose
productions of burlesque have always been
very interesting. Of University "amateur
theatricals" something is said under the
heads of Cambridge and Oxford. See
Dutton Cook's ' On the Stage ' (1SS3) and
W. G. Elliott's ' Amateur Clubs and Actors '
<1S9S).
Amateur Pantomime Rehearsal
(An). See Pantomime Rehearsal, A.
Amateurs and Actors. A musical
farce by R. B. Peake (q.v.), first performed
at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on August
29, 1818,' with Harley as Buttle, Wrench as
Winrf, Bartley as Elderberry, Wilkinson as
Mufflncap, Pearman as Dulcet, and Miss
Love as Mary Hardacre ; played at New
York in September, 1S23, with Booth as
Mvffincap; and revived in London in 1S27
with Keeley as Mu£incap.
Amazaide. A character in ' Zembucca,'
played by Mrs. Duff (q.v.).
Amazon Q,ueen (The); or, The
Amours of Thalestris and Alex-
ander the Great. A tragi-comedy in
heroic verse, by John Weston ; printed in
1667. The stoiy is from Quintus Curtius
and Strabo.
Amazons (The). (1) The title of masks
performed respectively in 1579 and in 1618.
(2) A " farcical romance," by A. W. Pinero
(q.v.), first performed at the Court Theatre,
London, on March 7, 1S93, with a cast in-
cluding Miss R. Leclercq, Miss Lily Han-
bury, Miss E. Terriss, Miss P. Browne,
Weedon Grossmith, F. Kerr, and W. G.
Elliott ; produced at the Lyceum, New York,
in February, 1894.
Ambassador, (The). A comedy, in
four acts, by John Oliver Hobbes (Mrs.
Craigie), St. James's Theatre, London, June
2, 1898, with G. Alexander, F. Terry, H. B.
Irving, H. V. Esmond, Miss V. Vanbrugh,
Miss Fay Davis, in the cast.
Ambassador from Below (An). See
Mephistopheles.
Ambassador's Lady (The); or,
The Rose and the Rina:. A romantic
dramaby Thomas EGERT0NWiLKS(3.r.), first
performed at the Strand Theatre on August
3, 1S43, with Mrs. Stirling in the title part
(Lady Elizabeth Bubb).
Ambassadress (The). (1) A comic
opera iu^ three acts, words by Gilbert
Abbott A Beckett. (g'.r.), music by Auber ;
first performed at the St. James's Theatre,
London, in 1S38, with Braham as Fortunatus,
Miss Rahiforth as Henriette, and Mdme. Sala
as Mdme. Barneck. Auber's opera, with
libretto by George Loder, was performed
in New York in January, 1851. (2) An opera,
libretto by R. Reece (q.v.), performed at
St. George's HaU, London, in December,
1S63.
Amber Box (The). A comic opera,
printed in 1800.
Amber Heart (The). A " poetical
fancy" in three acts, by A. C. Calmour
(q. v.), first performed at the Lyceum Theatre,
London, on the afternoon of July 7, 1887,
with iliss Ellen Terry as Ellaline, Beerbohm
Tree as Silvio, E. S. Willard as Coranto, Miss
C. Grahame as Mirabelle, and other roles by
Miss M. A. Giffard, Miss H. Forsyth, H.
Kerable, A. Beaumont, and F. Tyars ; revived
at the same theatre in ^lay, 1888, with Miss
Terry in her original part, G. Alexander as
Silvio, H. Vezin as Coranto, Mrs. Macklin as
Mirabelle, etc.
Amber "Witch (The). (1) A drama
produced at the City of London Theatre at
Easter, 1851, with a cast including E. F.
Saville, W. Searle, and Mrs. E. F SavUle.
(2) An opera, adapted by H. F. Chorley
(q.v.) from a German novel by Meinhold,
music by AV. Vincent Wallace, first per-
formed at Her ^Majesty's Theatre, London,
on Februarj- 28, 1861, with Mdme. Lemmens-
Shenington as Mary, J. Sims Reeves as
Count Eudiger, and Santley, Patey, and
ZVIiss Huddart in other parts. (3) A drama
by Henry Sayile, performed at the Victoria
Theatre, London, in 1862.
Ambient, Mark. Actor and dra-
matic writer ; part-author of ' Christina '
(q.v.), 'The Anonymous Letter' (q.v.), ' O,
AMBIGUOUS LOVER
AMBUSCADE
Susannah,' 'A Little Ray of Sunshine,'
'A Snug Little Kingdom' (1903); was a
member of the Dramatic Students' Society
(q.v.), and appeared in several of their
performances.
Ambig-uous Lover (The). A farce
by Miss Sheridan, founded on Patrats
' Heureuse Erreur ' (q-v.), and acted at Crow
Street Theatre, Dublin, in 1781.
Ambition; or, Marie Mig-not. A
drama in three acts, by Thos. Mayhew,
first performed at the Haymarket on Sep-
tember 13, 1830, with Miss F. H. Kelly as
the heroine, and other characters by Vining,
W. Farren, and Mrs. Glover. (2) ' Ambition;
or, The Throne and the Tomb : ' a play pro-
duced at New York in 18.58, with Clarance
Holt as the Ea)-l of Derby and Mrs. Holt
as Catherine Iloicard (q.v.). (3) ' Ambition : '
drama by H. L. Walford, St. George's Hall,
London, December 14, 1870.
"Ambition is a vulture vile."—
Daniel, 'Cleopatra'—
" That feeils upon the heart of pride.
And finds no rest when all is tried."
For " Ambition should be made of sterner
stuff," see 'Julius Caesar,' act iii. sc. 2
(Antony).
Ambitious Slave (The) ; or, A
Generous Revenge. A tragedy by El-
KANAii Settle (q.v.), acted at the Theatre
Royal, and printed in 1694.
Ambitious Statesman (The); or,
The Lioyal Favourite. A tragedy by
J. Crowne (q.v.), performed at the Theatre
Royal in 1679, and printed in that year. The
ambitious statesman is the Constable of
France, and the loyal favourite his son, the
Duke of Venddme. Venddme is engaged to
Louize de Guise, but the Constable contrives
to make Louize think her lover indifferent to
her, and, in pique, she marries the Daiqyhin.
Later, Louize and Vend(jme come to an
understanding, and the Dauphin is led to
believe the worst of Vendoyne. They fight ;
Louize dies ; Veriddme dies also, on the rack ;
and the Constable is imprisoned. In the
course of the play Venddme says—
" Princes are sacred : ... no sacrilege is
Greater, than when a rebel with his sword
Dares cut the hand of Heaven from Kings' commissions."
In the epilogue, spoken by Haines, the
speaker is made to say —
" I've three pl.agiies no flesh and blood can bear ;
I am a Poet, married, and a Player."
Ambitious Stepmother (The). A
tragedy by Nicholas Rowe (q.v.), acted at
Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1700, and printed in
that year. The original cast included Mrs.
Barry as the heroine, Artemisa ; Booth as
Artaban, her son ; Betterton as Memnon ;
Verbruggen as Artaxerxes ; and INIrs. Brace-
girdle as Amestris (daughter of Memnon and
>nfe of Artaxerxes). Artaxerxes is the heir
to the throne of Persia, but Artemisa, the
king's second wife, desires her son to suc-
ceed ; and, in the end, he does so, Artaxerxes
committing suicide on the death of his wife.
Ambitious "Widow (The). A "comic
entertainment" by William Woty, sug-
gested by an incident in Johnston's ' Chry-
sal,' and printed in ' Poetical Amusements '
(1789).
Amble. An usher in Massinger's 'A
New Way to pay Old Debts' (q.v.).
Amboyna; or, The Cruelties of
the Dutch to the English Mer-
chants. A tragedy by John Dryden
(q.v.), acted at " the Theatre Royal " in 1673,
and printed in that year. The original cast
included Hart as Toiverson, INIohun as
Beaumont, Kynaston as Harman, jun., Mrs.
Marshall as Ysabinda, and Jlrs. Cory as an
English woman. The piece is in five acts,
and "though printed originally in prose,
abounds in a kind of bastard blank verse,
which the author does not seem to have
thought worth printing as such." It is
based on the barbarities practised by the
Dutch upon the English settlers at Am-
boyna, in 1622. In 1672 the British Govern-
ment declared war against the Dutch, and
it was with the view of making the campaign
popular in England that Dryden revived the
story of the Amboyna massacre. The play
follows the actual facts closely, so far as the
background of the plot is concerned. It
was conceived and Avritten in a month.
Ysabinda is an Indian lady, betrothed to
Captain Toiverson. The story of her rape is
said by Langbaine to have been borrowed
from a novel by Cinthio Giraldi. Beaumont
is an English merchant ; Harman, jun., the
son of the Dutch governor. Sir Walter Scott
described the piece as "beneath criticism,"
and " the worst production Dryden ever
wrote."
Ambroise, Michael. " The miller of
Derwent Water," in Fitzball's drama of
that name (q.v.).
Ambrose Germaine. A play by John
Brougham (q.v,), first performed at Niblo's
Garden, New York.
Ambrose Gwinnett ; or, A Seaside
Story. A melodrama in three acts, by
Douglas Jerrold (q.v.), first performed
at the Coburg Theatre, London, with
Cobham in the title part, Davidge as Ned
Grayling, and Miss Watson as Lucy Fair-
love ; published in 1828 ; revived at New
York in July, 1829, with Barry as Ambrose,
Hilson as Ned Grayling, Placide as Label,
and Mrs. Hilson as Lucy ; also at Boston,
U.S.A., in the same year, with Mrs. J. R.
Duff as Lucy. Reef, in this piece, was in the
repertory of Jefferson " the third " (q.v.).
Ambrose, Miss. A comedy actress,
well known on the Dublin stage about
1765-70. One of her parts was Charlotte in
IMacklin's 'Love k la Jfode' (q.v.). See
Malcolm's ' Anecdotes of the IManners and
Customs of London,' ii. 247.
Ambs-ace, Lady. A character in
Odingsell's 'Bath Unmasked' (q.v.).
Ambuscade. A character in M. P.
Andrews' ' Fire and Water' (q.v.).
AMCOTTS
50
AMERICANS
Amcotts, Vincent. Dramatist, died
November, 18S1 ; author of ' Adonis Van-
quished/ a comedy ; ' The Love Tests,'
operetta (1870); 'Ariadne,' 'Fair Helen,'
' Lalla Rookh,' ' Lurline,' extravaganzas ;
and ' Poisoned,' farce ; part author of
'Pentheus,' etc., and at one time manager
of the Olympic Theatre, London.
Amelia, in O'Keefe's ' Wild Oats ' (q.v.),
is the wife of Sir George Thunder {q.v.).
The name of a character in (2) W. H.
Arnold's 'Woodman's Hut' (_q.v.), (3) J.
B. BUCKSTOXE'S 'King of the Alps' (q.v.),
(4) 'Incog.' (q.v.), and (5) 'The Robbers'
(q.v.).
Amelia. A " serious " opera by Henry
Carey (q.v.), set to music "in the Italian
manner " by J. F. Lampe, and performed at
the French Theatre in the Hay market,
London, in 1732. Susanna Maria Arne ap-
peared in the piece. See Summer's Tale.
Amelrosa. Daughter of Alfonso, King
of Castile, in M. G. LEWIS'S play of that
name (q.v.).
Amends for Ladies, with the
Merry Pranks of Moll Cut-purse ;
or, The Humours of Roaring-. A
comedy by Nathaniel Field (q.v.), acted
at Blackfriars, both by Prince Charles's and
by the Lady Elizabeth's " servants." _ Ac-
cording to Langbaine, this play was written
as a species of apology for the lack of
gallantry towards the fair sex shown in
Field's 'A Woman's a Weathercock' (q.v.).
It was acted apparently before November,
1611, and first printed in 1618 ; there is also
an edition of 1639. The main plot concerns
the love affairs of Tngen and Ladi/ Honor.
■ The lady's brother, Lord Proudly, desires her
to marry an old count ; but, by a stratagem,
she contrives to espouse her lover. There
are two comic underplots, between Lady
Perfect and her husband, and between Boidd
and a widoAv. Moll Cut-purse is one of the
personce, but has little to say or do. The
''roarers " figure in the third act.
Amens, Dr. A character in F. A. Mar-
: SHALL'S ' INIad as a Hatter ' (q.v.).
America. A " mask" in one act, by J.
H. Barber, written in 1805, but not acted.
America, Young. See Young
America.
America Discovered ; or, Tam-
many the Indian Chief. An opera by
Mrs. Hatton, revived at New York in 1795,
with Hallam as Columbics.
American (An). A play by A. R.
Haven, the hero of which is Abraham
Lincoln (represented by Sol. Smith Russell).
American (The). (1) An adaptation by
AUGUSTIN DALY(g.v.)of Dumas./?^5"L'Etran-
ghve,' produced in America in 1874, with C.
F. Co^hlan, Miss F. Davenport, and -\Iiss
Jeffreys Lewis in the chief parts. (2) A
play in three acts, by Joseph Derrick,
first performed at the Alexandra Palace,
June 19, 1882. (3) A play in three acts, by
G. M. Wood, first performed at the Gaiety
Theatre, Glasgow, April 16, 1883. (4) A
play in four acts, by Henry James, first
performed at the Winter Gardens, South-
port, on January 3, 1891 ; first performed
in London at the Opera Comique, on
September 26, 1891, with E. Compton as
Christopher Hewman (the American), Miss
E. Robins as Claire (Comtesse de Cintre),
Miss Bateman (Mrs. Crowe) as the Marquise
de Bellegarde, Miss L. Moodie as Mrs. Beard,
Miss A. DairoUes as Noemie, etc.
Araerican, The Pair. See Fair
American.
American Bride (An). A comedy-
drama in four acts, by Sir William Young
and Maurice Noel, first performed at the
Lyric Theatre, London, on the afternoon of
May 5, 1892, with Miss Janette Steer as the
heroine (Stella Durand) ; revived' at Terry's
Theatre in October, 1893.
American Captives (The) ; or, The
Siege of Tripoli. A play by James Elli-
son, acted at Boston, U.S.A., in 1812.
American Claimant (The). A play
by W. D. Howells (q.v.), produced in
America in 1SS7.
American Cousin, Our. See Our
American Cousin,
American Grit. A play, founded by
George Hoey on G. ManvUle Fenn's novel,
' The Vicar's People,' and first performed at
New York in May, 1837, with H. T. Chanf rau
in the leading part.
American Heroine (The); or, In-
gratitude Punished. A pantomime
founded on the story of Incle and Yarico,
and first performed at the Haymarket Opera
House on March 19, 1792.
American Indian (The); or, Vir-
tues of Nature. An unacted play in three
acts, by James Bacon ; founded on a poem
by Mrs. Morton (of Boston, New England),
called ' Ouabi ; or. The Virtues of Nature ; '
and printed in 1795.
American Lady (An). A comedy by H.
J. Byron (q.v.), first performed at the Cri-
terion Theatre, London, on March 21, 1874,
with Mrs. John Wood in the title part (Geor-
gina Greville), the author as Harold Trivass,
I). Fisher as Sir Ransorae Trivass, J. Clarke
as Shrew, J. H. Barnes as Geoffrey Neville,
Miss Jane Rignold as Lucy, and Miss Mont-
gomery as Perkins ; revived at the same
theatre in December, 1377, with C. Wyndham
as Harold.
American Minister (The). A play
bv Paul M. Potter, first performed at the
Star Theatre, New York, April 4, 1892.
American Slaves; or, Love and
Liberty. A comic opera, performed at
Dumfries in 1792.
Americans (The). A comic opera in
three acts, by S. J. Arnold (q.v.)\ set to music .
by King, and first performed at the Lyceum
Theatre, London, on April 27, 1811, with
Horn, Lovegrove, Mrs. Mountain,Mrs. Bland,
AMERICANS ABROAD
AMO
Braham, Johnstone, Mathews, :Miss Kelly,
Dowton, Knight, Oxberry, etc., in the cast.
Americans Abroad; or, Notes and
Notions. U) ^^ farcical comedy in two
acts, by R. B. Peake {q.v.), first performed
at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on Septem-
ber 3, i82-4, with Mathews as Jonathan
Doubikins, Bland as Delapierre, and Keeley
and "O." Smith as Xatty and Jemmy Lark-
spur. (2) ' Americans Abroad : ' a drama
by ViCTORlEN Sardou, written originally
in French, then adapted to the American
stage, and first performed (in English) at the
Lyceum Theatre, New York, on December
5, 1S92, with Miss Georgia Cayvan, Miss
Eflae Shannon, Mrs. C Walcot, Herbert
Kelcey, and W. J. Le Moyne in the principal
parts. The Americans abroad (in France)
are a mUlionnaire, his daughter, his niece,
and a young artist. The niece, a heiress,
desires to be loved for herself alone, and
pretends that she has lost her money.
Loving the artist, who is poor, she is about
to avow herself, when an intriguing French
baroness leads her to believe that her lover
is a fortune-hunter. In the end, the artist
and the heiress are brought together.
Americans in Eng-land. A dramatic
piece by Mrs. Susanna Rowson.
Americans in Paris ; or, A G-ame
of Dominoes. A comedy in two acts, by
Henry Hurlbut, performed at Wallack's
Theatre, New York, on May 8, 1S58, with
Lester Wallack as Morria, Blake as Botherer,
Davenportasiamoi<?"ei, Mrs. Hoey as ^meZta
Morris, and Miss Gannon a.s Annie Botherer.
Americans Roused (The), in a Cure
for the Spleen. A dramatic piece, dating
from about 177G, and including among its
2)ersonce Sharp, a parson ; Bumper, ajustice ;
Fillpot, an innkeeper ; Graveairs, a deacon ;
Trim, a barber ; Brim, a Quaker ; and Puf,
a "late representative." See Dunlap's
'American Theatre ' (1832).
Americans Strike Home.
Federal Oath, The.
See
Amersfort, Captain. A character in
Planche's ' Loan of a Lover ' (q.v.).
Amestris. Wife of Artaxerxes, in
Rowe's 'Ambitious Stepmother' (g. v.).
Amherst, J. H. Actor and dramatic
■writer, born in London, 1776 ; died at Phila-
delphia, U.S.A., in 1S51 ; first appeared on
the stage at the Haymarket in July, 1817 ;
was afterwards connected with Astley's
Amphitheatre, and in 1837 made his Ameri-
can cUhid at New York. Among his thea-
trical compositions were ' Almoran and
Hamet,' 'The Attack of the Diligence,'
'Bill Jones,' 'The Black Castle,' 'The
Battle of Waterloo,' 'The Blood-red Knight,'
' The Blood-stained Banner,' ' Bonaparte's
Invasion of Russia,' 'The Burmese M'ar,'
'The Death of Christopher,' 'Der Freis-
chutz,' 'The Death of Fair Rosamond,'
<The Faithless Friend,' 'The Fish and
the Ring,' 'The Fall of Missolonghi,' 'The
Infernal Secret,' ' The Invincible,' ' Ireland
as it is,' ' The Irish Witch,' ' The Iron
Collar,' ' Married or Not,' ' Monk, IMask,
and Murderer,' ' Napoleon,' ' Real Life in
London,' ' The Ship^^Teck of the Grosvenor
East Indiaman,' ' The Sis Simpletons,' ' The
Silver Mask,' 'The Three Magic Wands,'
'Three Blind Eyes,' 'The Three Cripples,'
'Tippoo Saib,' 'The White Spectre,' and
'Will Watch.' Ireland describes Amherst
as "a man of moderate talent and great
experience . . . invaluable as a prompter"
(' New York Stage '). See, also. Brown's
' American Stage ' (1870).
Amideo. See Angelina ('Rival Ladies').
Amie. The "gentle shepherdess in Ben
JONSON's ' Sad Shepherd ' {q.v.).
Amilie; or, The Love Test. A ro-
mantic opera in three acts ; libretto bv J.
T. Haines {q.v.), music by W. M. Rooke ;
first performed at Covent Garden Theatre,
London, on December 2, 1837, with Miss
Shirreff in the title part ; first played at New
York in October, 1838, with Miss Shirreff
in her original rule. A travesty by B. A.
Baker, called 'Amy Lee,' was produced in
New York in 1843.
Am.ina. The heroine of Bellini's 'La
Sonnambula' {q.v.) and of H. J. Byron's
burlesques of that opera {q.v.). See Brown,
Molly.
Arainadab. An apprentice in Bullock's
' Adventures of Half an Hour ' {q.v.).
Aminta. A pastoral drama by TOR-
QUATO Tasso {q.v.) ; translated by Fraunce
(1591), Reynolds (1628), Dancer (1660), Du
Bois (1726'), Ayre (1737), Stockdale (1770),
and Leigh Hunt (1S20). A version by John
Oldmixon was played at the Theatre' Royal
in 1693. (2) ' Aminta, the Coquette : ' a
comic opera in two acts, music by Howard
Glover, performed at the Haymarket, with
a cast including Weiss, Harrison, H. Corri,
and Miss L. Pyne.
Amintas. An English opera, compiled
by Tenducci fromthe!Italianof Metastasio,
and Rolfs opera, ' The Royal Shepherd '
{q.v.), and acted at Covent Garden on Decem-
ber 15, 1769, with a cast including Reinhold,
Tenducci, Mattocks, Mrs. Mattocks, and
Mrs. Baker.
Amintor, in Beaumont and Fletcher's
' Maid's Tragedy ' {q.v.), is betrothed to
Aspatia {q.v.), but mames Evadne {q.v.).
Hazlitt says of him that his is "a feeble,
irresolute character: his slavish, recanting
loyalty to his prince, who has betrayed and
dishonoured him, is of a piece with the
tyranny and insolence of which he is made
the sport."
Amlet, Bichard. A gambler in Van
BRUGH'S 'Confederacy' {q-i'-)- Mrs. Amlet,
mother of Riohard, is a wealthy but ill-bred
tradeswoman.
' Am.o, am.as.' Song sung by Lingo, in
AMOXG THE BREAKERS
AMOS CLARK
act ii. sc. 2 of O'Keefe's ' Agreeable Sur-
prise ' (q.v.)—
" I love a lass.
As a cedar tall and slender ;
Sweet cowslip's grace
Is her nom'tive case,
And she's of the feminine gender."
Among- the Breakers. A comedy in
two acts, by John Brol-ghaai (q.v.), tirst
performed at the Prince of Wales's Theatre,
Liverpool, in June, 1S6S ; produced at the
Strand Theatre, London, on July 26, 1869,
vrith J. S. Clarke as Babington Jones, and
H. J. Turner and Miss Eleanor Bufton in
other parts.
Amor, Julia. A character in :\r.
Lemon's 'Love and Charity' {q.v.). In the
course of the piece she assumes the cha-
racters of a charity girl (Phoebe Pop) and a
French portrait painter {Louis Bertrand).
Amoret. (1) The heroine of Fletcher's
'Faithful Shepherdess' {q.v.), loving and
beloved by Perigot. See Amarillis. (2) A
sprightly widow in Smythe's ' Rival :Modes'
(q.v/). (3) A character in Oxenford's ' Ivy
Hall' (3. r.).
Am.orita. An adaptation of Czibulka's
opera, ' Pfingsten in Florenz,' produced at
the Casino, New York, in November, 1SS5,
with F. H. Celli in the chief male part, and
the Misses Pauline Hall and Madeleine Lu-
cette in other rOles.
Amoroso, King- of Little Britain.
A " serio-comic, bombastic, and operatic in-
terlude" by J. R. PLA.NCHE {q.v.), produced
at Drury Lane Theatre, London, on April 21,
1818, with Harley in the title part. Knight
as Roastcrndo (his cook). Smith as Blusterbus
(a yeoman of the guard), Mrs. Bland as
Coquetinda (the queen, in love with Roast-
ando), and Mrs. Orger as Mollidusta (a cham-
bermaid, in love with Blusterbus). "The King
sees Roastando and the Queen salute. He
discharges Roastando. The Queen sees the
King and Mollidusta together. She stabs
Mollidusta. The King stabs the Queen.
Roastando stabs the King. The King stabs
Roastando. All the dead persons come to
life again " (Genest). "The excellent acting
and singing secured for the piece," says its
author, " a popularity it could never other-
wise have enjoyed." "It was a poor imita-
tion of ' Bombastes Furioso,' with which it
is unworthy compai'ison." See Planche's
• Recollections ' (1872).
Amorous Bigot (Th.e), -with the
Second Part of Teague O'Divelly.
See Lanc.vshire Witches.
Amorous Fantasme (The). A tragi-
comedy by Sir William Lower, translated
from tiie ''Fantome Amoureux ' of Quinault,
and printed in 1660.
Amorous Gallant (The). See Amo-
rous Orontus.
Amorous Jilt (The). See Younger
Brother, The.
Amorous Miser (The); or. The
Younger the Wiser. See Farewell,
Folly.
Amorous Old Woman (An) ; or, 'Tis
Well if it Take. A comedy attributed by
Langbaine to THOM.4.S Duffet, and printed
in 1764. It was afterwards republished, with
a new title-page, under the name of ' The
Fond Lady.'
Amorous Orontus ; or, Love in
Fashion. A comedv in heroic verse
adapted by John Bulteel {q.v.) from tho
' Amour a la Mode ' of Corneille, printed in
1665, and reprinted in 1675 as ' The Amorous
Gallant.'
Amorous Prince (The); or, The
Curious Husband. A comedy by Aphra
Behn {q.v.), acted at Lincoln's Inn Fields in
1671. The plot is based on the novel of the
' Curious Impertinent' in 'Don Quixote,' and
on Davenport's ' City Nightcap ' {q.v.j. Th&
"amorous prince "is named Frederick, and
debauches Claris under a promise of mar-
riage.
Amorous Quarrel (The). A comedy
by John Ozell {q.v.), translated from ^Nloli-
ere's ' Depit Amoureux.' See Foote's ' Comic
Theatre' (1762). See, also. Mock Astro
loger ; Wrangling Lovers.
Amorous War (The). Atragi-comedy
by Jasper Mayne {q.v.), first printed iu
1648. The " amorous war " is carried on by
Roxane, Queen of Bithynia, and her ladies,
who, contriving to be captured by the
Thracians, i-eturn to Bithynia disguised as-
Amazons, and proceed to test the fidelity
of their respective spouses. The King is-
found constant to Roxane ; but two of his-
noblemen have an affair of gallantry with
their wives, "not knowing them to be
such."
Amorous Widow (The); or. The
Wanton Wife. A comedy by Thomas Bet-
terton {q.v.), founded on Moliere's ' George
Dandin ' (1668), to which Betterton added an
underplot. The piece was tirst performed
at Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1670, with Mrs.
Betterton as Lady Laycock, the ' ' amorous
widow," and Mrs. Long as Mrs. Brittle, " the
wanton wife." Betterton was Lovemorc,
Smith Cunningham. Lady Laycock en-
deavours to entangle both Lovemore and.
Cunningham; but Lovemore is intriguing
with Mrs. Brittle, and Cunningham is also
pre-engaged. The comedy was afterwards
condensed into the farce of 'Barnaby
Brittle ' {q.v.). See :May and December.
Amos Clark. A drama, in a prologue
and four acts, founded by Watts Phillip*
{q.v.) on his novel of that name, and fir.>t
performed at the Queen's Theatre, London,
on October 19, 1872, with Miss WaUis ai-
Mildred Clavering, G. F. Neville as Johr.
Clavering, J. Ryder as Sir Robert Clavering.
and G. Rignold in the title part ; producei
at the Academy of Music, New York, ii
1875. Amos (the unacknowledged nephev
of Sir Robert, and the real heir to tht
baronetcy assumed by him) is in love witl'
Sir Robert's daughter ^Mildred, who is her
self in love with and beloved by J 'hi
Clavering, Amos's half-brother. In the en.
AMOUR A LA MODE
AMY ROBSART
Amos, for the sake of Mildred, confesses
to havinjx killed Sir Robert with John's
dagger. He is shot, and John, who has
been arrested for the crime, is made happy
with Mildred.
Amour a la Mode (L') ; or, Love a
la Mode. A farce in three acts, translated
from the French by (it is believed) Hugh
Kelly, and printed in 1760. See Amorous
Orontus and LOYE A LA Mode.
Amourettes (Les). A comic opera, the
music by Dr. T. R. G. Jose, the libretto
adapted from Planche's 'Somebody Else'
iq.v.), by John Percivale ; performed in
Dublin, April 14, 1885.
Amours Maudits (Les). See Lost
Hope.
Amours of Billing-sgrate (The). See
Cobler's Opera.
Am.phares. A character in Home*s
<Agis'('/.r.).
Am.phitruo. A comedy by Plautus
(B.C. 254-184), translated into English by
Echard (1694), Cooke, Thornton (1746), War-
ner, Colman (1769-74), and Riley (1852). See
Amphitryon.
Am.phitryon ; or, TheTwo Sosias.
A comedy l)y J(jnN Dryden {q-v.), largely
based upon the ' Amphitruu' of Plautus and
'Amphitryon' of Moliere ; first performed
(with music by Henry Purcell) at the Theatre
Royal in 1690, and printed in the same year.
The original cast included Betterton as
Jupiter, Lee as Mercury, Bowman as Phmbus,
AVilliams as Amphitryon, Nokes as Sosia,
Sandf ord as Grij) us, Bright as Polidas, Bowen
as Tranio, Mrs. Barry as Alcmena, Mrs.
Montfort as Phcedra, Mrs. Cory as Bromia,
and Mrs. Butler as Night. The piece was
"very favourably received, and continued
long to be what is called a stock-play." It
was revived at Drury Lane in September,
1708, with Powell as Jupiter ; at Drury Lane
in September, 1734, with Mills as Jupiter
and Mrs. Pritchard as Phcedra; at Drury
Lane (altered by Dr. Hawkesworth) in
December, 1756, with Woodward as Sosia,
Palmer as Mercury, Mrs. Yates as Alcmena,
and Mrs. Clive as Phcedra ; at Drury Lane
in November, 1769, Avith Reddish as Jupiter,
King as Sosia, Jefferson as Mercury, J.
Aickin as Amphitryon, Parsons as Gripus,
Miss Younge as Alcmena, and Miss Pope as
Phcedra ; at Covent Garden (altered) in
March, 1773, Avith Wroughton as Mercury,
itshuter as Gripus, ^Mattocks as Amj^hitryon,
Mrs. Hartley as Alcmena, ^Mrs. Mattocks as
Phcedra; at Covent Garden (adapted by
Dibdin and others as ' Jupiter and Alcmena ')
in October, 1781 ; at Drury Lane in May,
1784, with Kemble as Jupiter, Palmer as
Sosia, Barrymore as Mercury, Miss Farren
«,s Alcmena ; at Drury Lane (reduced to two
acts) in November, 1826, with Cooper as
Jupiter, Laporte as Sosia, Harley as Mercury,
Archer as Amphitryon, and Mrs. W. West as
Alcmena [in this version Gripus was called
ixraapus, an alteration stigmatized by
Genest as "absurd"] ; and (adapted by J.
Oxenford) at the Court Theatre, London, in
November, 1872, with H. Vezin as Jupiter,
E. Righton as Sosia, D. Fi.sher as Amphi-
tryon, Miss Litton as Phcedra, Miss Dyas as
Alcmena, and Mrs. Stephens as Bromia.
' Amphitryon ' was played for the first time
in America in 1750. Sir Walter Scott says
that "although inferior to Moliere, and
accommodated to the gross taste of the seven-
teenth century, ' Amphitryon ' is one of the
happiest effusions of Dryden's comic muse.
... In the scenes of a higher cast, Dryden
far outstrips both the French and Roman
poet."
Amphlett. The author of a farce called
' The Astronomer ' (1802).
Am-phrisa, the Forsaken Shep-
herdess. See Pelopcea and Alope.
Ample Apolog-y (An). A farce in one
act, by G. Roberts (q.v.), first performed at
the Princess's Theatre, London, on March 13,
1865, with Dominick Murray as Mr. Stiooz-
inyton Spooner. The other parts are Mr.
and Mrs. Crushington Clasper and Mr. Mil-
linghain Mawley.
Amrus, Prince. A character in Bell-
INGHAM and Best's 'Princess Primrose'
(q.v.).
Amshack. ' Demon of the Desert,' in
A. L. Campbell's melodrama of that name
(q.v.).
Amurack. Sultan of Turkey in Greene's
' Alphonsus ' (q.v.).
Amurath. A renegade Venetian noble
in Sheil's ' Balamira' (q.v.).
Amy Lee. See Amilie.
Amy Robsart. (1) A drama in four
acts, by A. Halliday (q.v.). founded on Scott's
novel of ' Kenilworth,' and first performed at
Drury Lane Theatre, London, on September
24, 1870, with Miss Neilson in the title part,
Miss Fanny Addison as Queen Elizabeth,
T. C. King as Varney, J. B. Howard as
Leicester, Fred Yokes as Flibbertigibbet, and
Rosina Yokes as Janet Foster ; revived at
Drury Lane in February, 1871, Avith Miss
Victoria Vokes as Amy; at Drury Lane in
January, 1874, with Miss Wallis in the title
part. Miss Clara Jecks as Janet, Miss Kate
Vaughan (who, some years after, played
J. my in a revival at the Gaiety) as Flibber'
tigibbet, J. Ryder as Varney, and H. Sinclair
as Leicester; at Drury Lane in October,
1877, with ^liss L. Willes as Amy, Vi.
Terrissas Leicester, J. Fernandez as Varney,
Miss H. Coveney as Flibbertigibbet, etc. ; at
the Adelphi in June, 1S79, with Miss Neilson
(followed by :\liss Lydia Foote) in the title
part, Miss Pateman as the Queen, H. Vezin
as Varney, H. Neville as Leicester, and other
parts by E. Compton, R. Pateman, C. P.
Flockton, Miss H. Coveney, and Miss Jecks ;
at Sadler's Wells in December, 1881, with
E. Price as Leicester, W. Mc Intyre as Varney,
F. Mellish as Sussex, Miss K. De Witt as
Amy, and iMiss Page as Queen Elizabeth. Sea
AMYNTAS
54
ANDERSON
Irving played Richard Hargrave in this piece
at Edinburgh, in 1856-9.
Ancient Day (The). An anonjTnous
American play.
Ancient Pistol, An. A play in one
act, by Sir Charles Young (q.v.).
Ancient Times. An unacted drama
by Joseph Strutt, printed in ISOS. " This
piece is illustrative of the domestic manners
and amusements of the fifteenth century."
"And to begrin." First line of a song
in Heywood's ' Play of Love ' (q.v.). In this
song, as Robert Bell remarks, "Hey wood
adopts the vein of Skelton."
Andalusian (Th.e) . A " petite opera,"
words by GEORGE LODER (q.v.), music by
Edward Loder ; performed at New York in
January, 1S51.
Anderson, David, journalist, was
dramatic critic of the London Sj^ortsman
from 1S74 to 1879, and of Bell's Life from
1879 to 1SS2. He wrote on theatrical sub-
jects in the Theatre, All the Year Round,
etc.
Anderson, David C, American actor,
accompanied Edwin Booth on his first tour
to San Francisco and Australia (18413). (See
Mrs. Clarke's lives of the Booths.) Among his
most notable parts were Polonius, the Friar
in ' Romeo and Juliet,' and Father Joseph
('Richelieu'). Mrs. Clarke calls him "a
kind, genial gentleman and actor." — Mrs.
David Anderson, who was an actress, died
in 1840.
Anderson,ElizaT3eth. See Saunders,
Mrs.
Anderson, James. Irish comedian ;
at different times prompter of the Park
Theatre, New York ; stage-manager of the
Bowery and New National Theatre in that
city ; and member of the company at the
Chatham Garden Theatre. The first repre-
sentative in America of Terry O'Rourke
(1823), he was also in the original cast of
IMorris's ' Brier Cliff,' and was famous for
his Terence in ' Brian Boroihme.'
Anderson, James "R. Actor, born
at Glasgow, 1811, died 1895 ; obtained his
early professional experience at Edinburgh,
Glasgow, Nottingham, Newcastle, etc. In
1834, 1835, and 1836, he was concerned in the
management of the Leicester, Gloucester,
and Cheltenham Theatres respectively. He
made his first appearance in London at
Covent Garden Theatre on September 30,
1837, as Florizel in 'The Winter's Tale.'
From that date onwards, Anderson played
the following among many " original "
parts :—Sir Valentine de Grey in Knowles's
' Woman's Wit,' De Mauprat in Lytton's
'Richelieu,' Fernando in Knowles's 'John,
of Procida,' Charles Courtly in Boucicault's
' London Assurance,' Fulvius in Griffin's
' Gisippus,' Earl ^Mertoun in Browning's
'Blot on the 'Scutcheon,' the "secretary"
Kemlworth. (2) A burlesque by ISIark
KiNGHORXE (q.v.), produced at Norwich in
ISSO. See Little Amy Robsart.
Amyntas; or, The Impossible
Dowry. A pastoral drama by Thomas
Randolph {q.v.), acted at Whitehall, and
printed in 1638. " Give thanks," says Leigh
Hunt, "to the M'itty scholar, Thomas Ran-
dolph, for an addition to the stock of one's
pleasant fancies." See ' Biogi-aphia Drama-
tica.' See also Fickle Shepherdess, The.
Amyott, Sir "Walter and Lady
Eveline. The leading personages in
Lovell's ' Wife's Secret' {q.v.).
Anaconda, the Terrific Serpent of
Ceylon. " This piece," says Genest, " came
out at one of the minor theatres." It was
played at Bath in 1826.
Anah. One of the two women in By-
ron's 'Heaven and Earth' {q.v.), beloved by
Japhet, and in love with Azaziel, the angel.
Ananias. A deacon of Amsterdam, in
Ben Jonson's 'Alchemist' {q.v.).
Anarchy; or, Paul Kauvar. A
drama in five acts, by Steele Mackaye
{q.v.), first performed in America in 18S7 ; first
represented in England at the Elephant
and Castle Theatre, London, April 27, 1887 ;
produced at Drury Lane in May, 1890, as
' Paul Kauvar,' with W. Terriss in the title
part. Miss MUlward as Diane de Beaumont,
H. Neville as Honor e Albert Maxime, A.
Stirling as General Delaroche, etc. The
scene is laid in France in 1794, at the time
of the Revolution.
Anato, King" of Assyria. A play
founded on Verdi's opera of 'Nabucco,'
produced at the City of London Theatre in
1850.
Anatole. (1) The duke inLecocq's ' Isle
of Bachelors ' {q.v.). (2) The ward of Brise-
viouche, in Palgraye Simpson's ' Scrap of
Paper' {q.v.).
Anatomist (The); or, The Sham
Doctor. A farce in three acts, by Edward
Ravknscroft {q.v.), produced at Lincoln's
Inn Fields in 1697, and printed in that
year. Old Gerald desires to marry Angelica
(daughter of the Doctor, "the anatomist"),
but "she and Young Gerald love and are
eventually united. Old Gerald acquiescing.
Crispin is servant to Young Gerald, and pre-
tends to be a doctor. ' The Anatomist ' was
revived— reduced to two acts, and with the
Doctor as a Frenchman — at Drury Lane in
November, 1743. In 1753 it was played in
America with Hallam {q.v.) as Crispin.
Ancestress (The); or. The Doom
of Barostein. A melodrama in two acts,
by Mark Lemon {q.v.), first performed at
tlie City of London Theatre on April 27,
1837.
Anchor of Hope (The); or. The
Seaman's Star. A drama in two acts, by
Edward Stirling {q.v.), first performed at
the Surrey Theatre, London, on April 19, 1847,
with the author as Abraham Moses. Henry
ANDERSON
ANDERTON
in Knowles's play of that name, Sidney
Courtoun in Sullivan's ' Old Love and tlie
New,' Richard Cceur de Lion in Hallidayr:
play of that name, and Azael and Ingomar iu
the dramas so called {q.v.). He also appeared
as Biron in ' Love's Labour's Lost ' (Covent
Garden, 1839), Romeo (Covent Garden, 1840),
Bassanio (Drurv Lane, 1842), Othello (Drury
Lane, 1S42), Orlando (Drury Lane, 1842-3),
Captain Absolute (Drury Lane, 1842-3),
Harry Dornton in ' The Road to Ruin '
(Drury Lane, 1842-3), Faulconhridqe in
' King John ' (Drury Lane, 1842-3), Posthu-
onus in ' Cymbeline ' (Drury Lane, 1S42-3),
lago (Covent Garden, 1S43-4), JJamlet (New
York, 1844), Claude Melnotte (Haymarket,
1845), Hercule in Wilkins's ' Civilization '
(Strand, London, 1853), Rob Roy (Drury
Lane, 1855), lachimo (Drury Lane, 1SG5),
Antony in 'Antony and Cleopatra' (Drury
Lane, 1873-4), Mcrcutio (Drury Lane, 1874),
etc. Anderson appeared in the United
States in 1S44-8 and in the English pro-
vinces in 1849, in Avhich year he also became
lessee of Drury Lane. In 1851 he began his
career as a "star" actor, visiting America
again in 1853, 1856, 1858, and 1859. In 1863
he undertook the joint management of the
Surrey Theatre, and in 1867 he visited
Australia and other "foreign parts," re-
appearing in London in liiGS. He was the
author of 'Cloud and Sunshine,' ' Schamyl
the Circassian,' 'The Scottish Chief (in
which he played Wallace), ' The Soldier of
Fortune,' and ' The Three Great Worthies.'
See Pascoe's 'Dramatic List' (ISSO), Ire-
land's 'New York Stage* (1867), and
Brown's 'American Stage' (1870); also
Anderson's autobiographical articles in the
J\'e^vcastle Chronicle (' An Actor's Life ').
Anderson, Jane. See Gerjion, Mrs.
G.C.
Anderson, Joshua, actor and vocalist
from Drury Lane, appeared in New Y'ork in
1831 as Henry Bertram, but, owing to some
disparaging remarks which he was reported
to have made concerning America and its
people, he had a hostile reception, and was
forced to retire from the local stage. He
next went to Boston, and, later, again es-
sayed to act in New York, but with no better
fortune than before.
Anderson, Mary. American actress,
born at Sacramento, California, on July 28,
1859 ; studied for the stage under Vanden-
ho if, junior ; and made her debut a.t Louis-
ville, U.S. A., on November 27, 1875, as Juliet,
appearing at the same place in February,
1876, as Bianca ('Fazio'), Evadne (Shell's'),
and Julia (' The Hunchback'). In March,
1876, she was seen at St. Louis as Pauline
Deschapelles, and at New Orleans as Meg
Merrilees; in September, at San Francisco,
as Parthenia ('Ingomar'). In January,
1877, she played Lady Macbeth at Washing-
ton, and in November, 1878, Berthe in a
translation of 'La Fille de Roland.' Her
next impersonations were the Countess in
Sheridan Knowles's ' Love ' and the Duchess
of Torrcnuei-a in Planch^'s 'Faint Heart
never won Fair Lady.' At Detroit, in 1S80,
she played Ion in Talfourd's tragedy, and
at Troy, in 1881, Galatea in W. S. Gilbert's
' Pygmahon and Galatea.' Her first appear-
ance in England was made at the Lyceum
Theatre, London, in September, 1S33, as
Parthenia, an assumption followed in
October by Pauline Deschaioelles, and in
December by Galatea ('Pygmahon and
Galatea'); in January, 1884, by Clarice
(' Comedy and Tragedy ') ; in November,
1884, by Juliet ; in February, 1885, by Julia
(' Hunchback ') ; on August 29, 1885 (at
Stratford-on-Avon), by Ro'~sali7id ; in 1887 (at
Nottingham) by Hermione and Perdita in
' The Winter's Tale,' and in May, 1887, at
Liverpool, by Bianca in ' Fazio.' See Miss
Anderson's 'A Few Memories' (1896), the
memoirs by J. :^L Farrar (1SS4) and W.
Winter (1886), ' Actors and Actresses' (New
York, 1886), and the Theatre for 1885.
Anderson, Mrs. Joshua (Josephine).
Actress and vocalist, born 1807, died in
London, 1848 ; nde Bartolozzi and sister of
Mdme. Vestris ; made her dibut at the Hay-
market Theatre, London, on June 17, 1828 ;
appeared in New York in 1831 as Rosina in
' The Barber,' Lilla in ' The Siege of Bel-
gi-ade,' Edward in ' Charles II.,' Giovanni in
London, and Princess of Navarre. See Ire-
land's ' New York Stage ' (1867).
Anderson, Mrs. Ophelia (n6e Pelby).
American actress, born 1813, died 1852 ; made
her dibut at Boston, U.S.A., in 1815, as
Cora's child in ' Pizarro ' (q.v.). She was for
many years the chief attraction at the
National Theatre, Boston, under her father's
management. Her last appearance in New
York was as Jane Shore (June, 1841). See^
Ireland's ' New York Stage ' (1867) and
Drake's ' American Biography ' (1872).
Anderson, "William. American actor,
died at Philadelphia in 1869, "after a career
of painful iiTegularity, ending in indigence."^
Ludlow describes him as "a good actor in
heavy characters, tragedy villains, and the
like." He married Euphemia Jefferson.
Anderson, Mrs. William (Euphemia,
daughter of Jefferson " the second "). Ame-
rican actress, died 1831 ; a member of the
company of the Park Theatre, New York, in
1816, and of the Chestnut Street Theatre,
Philadelphia, in 1817. She married William
Anderson (q.v.) According to Wood, in his
' Personal Recollections,' she " reached a
high place in public favour." Winter says
she " IS remembered on the stage as correct
and pleasing."
Anderton, Sarah [Coxer]. Actress,
born at Sheffield ; made her d<ibut at New
York in 1850 as Lady Teazle ; appeared as
Pauline in ' The Lady of Lyons ' at Phila-
delphia in 1850, and as Juliet at Boston in
1851-2 ; played Costanzia in Boker's ' Be-
trothal ' at Drury Lane in 1853, and Koephed
in Fitzball's ' Nitocris ' at the same theatre
in 1855.
Anderton, T. See Artaxaminous and
Gentle Gertrude.
ANDOVER
ANDROMACHE
Andover. The theatre here was first
opened at Easter, 1S03, by Thornton.
Andre. A tragedy in verse, by William
DUNLAP ; acted in New York on March 30,
1793, with Hodgkinson in the title part,
Hallam as Washington, and Cooper as Bland;
and performed in London in 1799. It was
founded on the story of the Major Andre
who was hanged as a spy in the American
war. A friend of his, named Bland, is, how-
ever, of the two, almost the more prominent
character in the drama, in which an English
ladv, betrothed to Andre, also figures. Dun-
lap* afterwards altered his piece, calling it
' The Glorv of Columbia,' and producing it
at Philadelphia in 1S07, at New York in
1817. ' Andre ' was privately printed for the
Dunlap Society, with a preface by Brander
Matthews.
Andre. The name of a character in (1)
Bayle Bernard's ' Lucille' {q.v.), (2) ' The
Violet' (g.r.), and (3) H. Sutherland
Edwards' ' Fernande ' {q.v.).
Andrea. (1) Daughter of the Baron di
Torrida in J. Palgrave Simpson's ' Marco
Spada' (q.v.). (2) The chief "knave of
hearts " in Suter's ' Baccarat ' (g'.r.).
Andrea. A drama in four acts, by Vic-
TORiEX Sardou iq.v.), practically identical
M-ith his ' Agnes ' (q.v.), and performed at the
Gymnase, Paris, on March 17, 1S73 ; first re-
presented in London at the Opera Comique
in May, 1875 ; adapted to the English stage
by Charles Eeade under the title, first of
'Jealousy' (q.v.), and afterwards of 'The
Countess' and the Dancer' (q.v.); and
adapted to the American stage (by L.
Richardson) as 'Anselma' (q.v.), and (by
Steele Mackaye) as ' In Spite of All' (q.v.).
Andrea of Hung-ary. A tragedy in
five acts, bv Walter Savage Landor, pub-
lished in 1839.
Andrews, A. Actor, born at Jamaica
in 1807 ; first representative in America of
Cool in 'London Assurance' (q.v.); played
the King of Hearts in 'Zazezizozu' at New
York in 1838, and Bertuceio Faliero in ' Ma-
rino Faliero ' in 1843 ; and appeared at Phila-
delphia in 1845. " In certain saucy servants,
fidgety footmen, and obsequious valets, such
as Fan, Tri-p, and Cool, we have rarely," says
J. N. Ireland, "seen his equal."
Andrews, Georg-e H. Actor, born in
London, 1793 ; died in New York, April, 1866 ;
made his first appearance at Manchester in
1818-19 as Lothair in ' Adelgitha ;' went to
America in 1827, and made his dehut at
Boston that year as Boh Acres. In 1S38 he
appeared in New York as the Gravedigger,
Zekiel Homespun, and Luke the Labourer ;
and in 1842 made his first appearance at
Philadelphia &5 Lord Lumbercourt in 'The
Way of the World.' In 1845-7 he was a
member of the company at the Park Theatre,
New York, and in 1365 appeared at the
Winter Garden as Polonius. "He was a
good low comedian, and in the character of
a Yorkshireman, either serious or comic, has
probablv not been surpassed on our stage "
(Ireland's ' New York Stage,' 1867).
Andrews, James Petit. Magistrate
at Queen Square, Westminster, died 1797 ;
part author of ' The Inquisitor ' (q.v.).
Andrews, Miles Peter. Dramatist,
died 1S14 ; the son of a drysalter, afterwards
the owner of extensive powder magazines
and M.P. for Bewdley ; was the author of
the following pieces (aU of which see) :—
'The Conjuror' (1774), 'The Election' (1774),
' Belphegor ' (1778), ' Summer Amusement '
(with W. A. Miles, 1779), ' Fire and Water '
(1780), 'Dissipation' (1781), 'The Baron
Kinkvervankotsdorsprakingatchdern ' (1781),
' The Best Bidder ' (1782), ' The Repa-
ration ' (1734), ' The Enchanted Castle '
(1786), ' Better Late than Never ' (with Frede-
rick Reynolds, 1790), and ' The Mysteries of
the Castle ' (with Frederick Reynolds, 1795).
"This gentleman," said the ' Biographia
Dramatica,' "is a dealer in gunpowder, but
his works, in their effect, by no means re-
semble so active a composition, being utterly
deficient in point of force and splendour."
Gifford, in his 'Baviad,' devotes a strong
passage to Andrews, of whom Dutton Cook
writes that he " was less successful with his
plays than with his prologues and epilogues,
which, although tawdry and vulgar enough,
laden with slang and with gross carica-
tures of the foibles of the day, were so
skilfully delivered by the popular come-
dians, Lewis and Mrs. Mattocks, as to com-
mand gi-eat applause." See the ' Thespian
Dictionary ' (1805), ' Biographia Dramatica '
(1312), Bernard's ' Retrospections of the
Stage' (1830), Tavlor's 'Records of My Life'
(1832), Genest's ' Enghsh Stage ' (1832), and
' Dictionary of National Biography ' (1885).
Andrews, Miss, vocahst, a pupil of
Dr. Arnold, was heard at the Haymarket
in 1797.
Andria. A comedy by Terence (q.v.) ;
translated, separately, into English by an
anonvmous hand (about 1520), Kvffin (1588),
Newman (1627), Webbe (1629), Bentlev (1726),
Englefield (1814), Goodluck (1820), Gardiner
(1821), Phillips (1836), Giles (1856), Barrv
(1857), Stock (1891), Mongan (1392), and
anonymously in 1859, 1880, and 1391. It
was on this comedy that 'Jacke Jugeler'
(q.v.) was founded.
AndrolDoros. A " biographical " farce
in three acts, said to be WTitten by Governor
Hunter.
Andromache. (1) A tragedy by Euri-
pides (q.v.) ; translated, separately, into
English bv Hickie (1892), and an "anony-
mous hand (1840). (2) A tragedy translated
from Racine's 'Andromaque' by J. Crowne
(q.v.), and acted at Dorset Garden in 1G75.
It is partly in verse and partly in prose.
" It is a contemptible production," says
Genest, "and differs little from 'The Dis-
tressed Mother' [q.v.], except that Pyrrhus
is kUled on the stage."— ' Andromaque ' it-
self was played (in French) at New t)rleaus
in 182S, with the elder Booth as Orestea.
ANDROMANA
57
ANGELA
Andromana ; or, The Merchant's
"Wife. A tragedy by "J. S.," founded on
the story of Plangus in Sidney's ' Arcadia '
(q.v.), ascribed to James Shirley (q.v.), and
first printed in 1660. Dyce points out that " it
bears not the slightest resemblance, in dic-
tion, thought, or versification," to Shirley's
acknowledged dramas.
Andromaque. See Andromache,
Andromeda. Daughter of Cepheus
in Planche and Dance's ' Deep, Deep
Sea* (q.v.); figures also in W. Brough's
'Perseus and Andromeda' (g'.v.), and gives
the title to a one-act piece by Rose Sea-
ton, played at the Vaudeville Theatre,
London, on March 24, 1890.
Andronicus : Impietie's long" Suc-
cesse, or Heaven's late Reveng-e.
An anonymous tragedy, founded on the life
of Andronicus in Fuller's ' Holy State ; '
printed in 16G1. " It is a fierce attack upon
the Puritans, and a glorification of the
Stuart dynasty."
Andronicus Comnenius. A tragedy
by J. Wilson, unacted and printed in 1664.
It is founded on the latter part of the forty-
eighth chapter of Gibbon's ' Roman Empire.'
"The real adventures of Andronicus were
almost as extraordinary as anything to be
found in romance."
Andronicus, Titus. See Titus An-
dronicus.
Andy Blake; or, The Irish Dia-
mond. A comedy in two acts, founded on
'Le Gamin de Paris ' (q.v.) by DiON BOUCI-
Cault (q.v.) ; played at New York in 1S.')4,
•with Mrs. Boucicault as the hero ; produced
at the Adeli)hi Theatre, London, on Feb-
ruary 10, 1862, as ' The Dulilin Boy,' with
Mi's. Boucicault in her original part, Miss
Laidlaw as Mary Blake, Billington as
Captain Daly, Emery as General Daly, and
Mrs. Billington as Lady Mountjoy ; revived
at the Gaiety Theatre, London, in November,
1880, with Dion Boucicault, jun., as Andy ;
at the Prince's Theatre, London, in Novem-
ber, 1885, with INIiss Clara Jocks as Andy.
Andy, Handy. See Handy Andy.
Anette. One of the two foster-sisters in
'Ernestine' (g. v.), ' Clarice,' and' The Foster-
Sisters.'
Ang-e de Minuit (L'). A play by MM.
Barriere and Plouvier, first performed
at the Theatre de Ambigu-Comique, Paris,
March 5, 1861, and several times adapted
to the English stage. See Angel of
Death ; Angel of Midnight ; Spirit of
Death.
Ang'el. Actor ; engaged as a boy by
Rhodes, for the Duke's Theatre, Lincoln's
Inn Fields ; employed afterwards, under
Davenant, as a low comedian, specially good
in Frencli parts. "We hear nothing of
him," says Doran, "after 1673."
Ang-el King: (The). (1) An anony-
mous play, licensed in 1623-4 for perform-
ance at the Fortune Theatre. (2) A play in
five acts, by Ross Neil {q.v.], Westwood
House, Sydenham, July 17, 1884.
Ang-el of Death (The). A play
adapted by G, Conquest (g.?;.) from ' L'Ange
de Minuit' (jq.v.), and played at the Grecian
Theatre, London, on May 20, 1861, with Mrs.
Charles Dillon in the title part, T. Mead as
the Doctor, Miss J. Coveney as Marjuerite,
and Alfred Rayner as the Baron. See Angel
of Midnight; Spirit of Death.
Angrel of Isling-ton (The). A farce
by E. L. Blanchard, 1838.
Angrel of Midnight (The). (1) A play
by John Brougham iq.v.), adapted from
'L'Ange de Minuit' iq-v.), and first per-
formed at the Princess's Theatre, London,
in February, 1862, with Miss Marriott in
the title part, G. Jordan as Albert Werner,
J. Ryder as Colonel Lamheck, J. G. Shore
as Karl de Strauherg, and Widdicomb as
Von Blokk ; produced in New York in
1867. Werner is a young physician, to
whom the Angel grants successful love,
riches, and renown, on condition that he
refrains from aiding those of his patients
on whom she (the Angel) sets her heart.
He agrees until the victim must be either
his mother or his wife, and then he appeals
to Heaven for help. The Angel thereupon
succumbs, and blesses Werner. (2) A
"legend of terror" in three acts, adapted
from ' L'Ange de INIinuit,' by W. E. Suter
and T. H. Lacy. See Angel of Death;
Spirit of Death.
Ang-el of the Attic (The). A serio-
comic drama in one act, adapted from the
French by Thomas Morton {q.v.\ and first
performed at the Princess's Theatre, London,
on May 27, 1843, with Walter Lacy as Michael
Magnus (an apprentice) and Miss Emma
Stanley as Mariette (a milliner) ; first played
at New York in 1846, with George Andrews
as Magnus and Miss Barnes as Mariette.
George Jordan played the Chevalier in New
York in 1848. Magnus Avas in the reper-
tory of Lester Wallack. See LouisON.
Ang-el or Devil. A drama in one act,
by J. Stirling Coyne {q.v.), adapted from
Mdme. de Girardin's ' Une Femme qui
deteste Son Mari,' and first performed at
the Lyceum Theatre, London, on March 2,
1857, with C. Dillon as Captain de Vaude-
mont, J. L. Toole as Martin Montonnet, and
Mrs. C. Dillon as Leonie de Vaudernont.
Angela. (1) A character in Lewis's
•Castle Spectre' {q.v.). (2) The "black
domino" in G. A. A Beckett's 'Queen's
BaU'(g.r.).
Angela. A play by Henry Lee, first
performed at the Madison Square Theatre,
New York ; afterwards performed under
title of 'The Child of Naples,' with Alex-
ander Salvini. (2) ' Angela ; or, A Woman's
Wit,' is the title of an operetta by Charles
ANGELICA
58
ANGUS
Lecocq (g.v.), performed at Drury Lane on
September 28, 1S7S.
Ang-elica. (1) An heiress in Coxgreve's
'Love for Love' (q-v.), of -n-hom Valentine
Legend (q.v.) is enamoured, and to whom he
is ultimately united. Congi'eve is said to
have sketched ]Mrs. Bracegirdle (q.v.) in the
character of Annelica, and himself in that
of Valentine. (2) The heroine of Farquhar's
' Constant Couple ' {q.v.) and ' Sir Harry
Wildair' {q.v.). (3) The heroine of Mrs.
Centlivre's 'Gamester' {q.v.). (4) Donna
Angelica is a character in ' The Students of
Salamanca ' {q.v.).
Angelica ; or, Quixote in Petti-
coats. A comedy in two acts, adapted
from ;Mrs. Lennox's story, ' The Female
Quixote,' and printed in 1758. Steele
treated the same subject in his 'Tender
Husband' {q.v.).
Angrelina. (1) A comic opera by I\Iary
GOLDSJIITH, acted in the English provinces
in 1804. (2) A comedy in three acts, adapted
by W. Cooper from Bisson's ' Une Mission
Delicate,' and first performed at the Vaude-
ville Theatre, London, on May 9, 1SS9, with
Miss L. Hanbury in the title part, and other
roles by T. Thorne, F. Thorne, C. Maude, F.
Gillmo're, Miss G. Homfrey, and Miss E.
Banister.
Ang-elina. (1) Daughter of Lord Lewis,
in Beaumont and Fletcher's ' Elder Bro-
ther'(g.t'.). (2) One of the "rival ladies" in
Dryden's tragi-comedy so-called, in love
with Don Gonsalvo, and masquerading as a
man under the name otAmideo. {Z) Angelina,
in Gibber's 'Love makes a Man' {qv.), is
in love with Carlos {q.v.), and, overcoming
her father's opposition, marries her lover in
the end. See Clodio. An Anaelina ^gMxes
in (4) T. H. HiGGiE's 'Devil's Mount'
iq.v.), (5) B. Webster's 'Old Gentleman'
iq.v.), and (6) W. Brough and A. Halli-
day's ' Pretty Horsebreaker ' {q.v.).
Ang-eline le Lis. A drama in one act,
by J. T. Haines {q.v.), first performed at the
St. James's Theatre, London, on September
29, 1S37, with Mrs. Stirling in the title part ;
produced at Niblo's Garden, New York, in
1S41, and revived at Laura Keene's Theatre
in 1S57.
Ang-elo. A tragedy by Victor Hugo,
first performed in Paris in 183.5, and adapted
to the English and American stage under
the following titles :— (1) ' Angelo, the
Tyrant of Padua,' produced at the Victoria
Theatre, London, in 1S35. (2) ' Angelo : ' a
tragedy in four acts, by Charles Reade
{q.v.), first performed at the Olympic The-
atre, London, on August 11, 1851, with H.
Farren as Angelo Malipieri ; Miss L. How-
ard as Catarina, his wife ; Mrs. Stirling as
La Tishe, his supposed mistress ; W. Farren
as Rodolfo, and Diddear as Homodci. (3)
'The Actress of Padua' (1852) {q.v.).
Hugo's ' Angelo ' was produced at New York
and Boston, U..S.A., in 1855, with Rachel as
La Tisbe. It has been translated into Eng-
lish blank verse by E. O. Coe (ISSO). La
Tishe, the actress, whom Angelo pursue3
with his attentions, is in love with Rodolfo.
She discovers, however, that he is enamoured
of Catarina, and, when Angelo lays a trap
for the lovers. La Tishe is able to extricate
them, though at the cost of her own life.
Ang-elo. (1) Deputy of the Duke of
Vieima, in ' Measure for Measure ' {q.v.) ;
he is betrothed to Mariana {q.v.), but makes
lawless proposals to Isabella {q.v.). Hazlitt
says of him that " he seems to have a much
greater passion for hypocrisy than for his
j mistress." (2) A goldsmith in ' The Co-
i medy of Errors ' {q.v.). (3) Friend of Julio,
in Beaumont and Fletcher's 'Captain'
\ {q.v.). (4) A character in Brougham's ' Bel
Demonio' {q.v.).
Angelo, the Tyrant of Padua. See
Angelo.
Angels and Lucifers ; or, Court-
ship and Congreves. A farce by E. L.
Blanchard {q.v.), first performed at the
Royal Manor House Theatre, Chelsea, about
1838-9, with the author as Benjamin Brim-
stone, an itinerant vendor of matches ; pro-
duced at the Olympic Theatre, London, on
October 25, 1841, with G. Wild as Brimstone ;
produced at New York in 1857, with James
Rogers in the chief part.
"Angels and ministers of grace
defend us." — ' Hamlet,' act i. sc. 4. Ham-
lets exclamation on first seeing the Ghost—
"Be thou a spirit of health or goblin damn'd."
Anger figures in Tom Taylor's " mo-
rality," 'Sense and Sensation' {q.v.).
Angiolina, in Byron's 'Marino Faliero'
{q.v.) and 'The Doge of Venice' {q.v.), is the
wife of Faliero.
Angiolo. A character in Miss Vanden-
HOFF's 'Woman's Heart' {q.v.).
Anglade Family (Th.e). See Accu-
sation.
Angle, Miss. A character in Mrs.
Inchbald's ' Appearance is against Them '
{q.v.).
Angot, Madame. See Fille de Ma-
dame ANGOT.
"Angry Boy (The)," in Jonson's
'Alchemist' {q.v.), is Kastrill, the brother
of Dame Pliant {q.v.). This character sup-
plied Sheridan with an effective retort to a
remark of Pitt's. " Although," says Mark
Boyd, " Mr. Pitt rarely lost his temper, it is
said that on one occasion he was seriously
angry with Sheridan, whom he told to his
face that he would be much better occupied
at home correcting his plays. ' Probably I
should,' said Richard Brinsley ; ' and the
first I shall endeavour to correct wUl be the
' Angry Schoolboy.' "
Angus, J. Keith. Dramatic and mis-
cellaneous writer, born at Aberdeen, 1848 ;
author of 'Send Thirty Stamps' {q.v.),
'By this Token ' (g.r.), and other dramatic
pieces; as well as of 'A Scotch Playhouse'
ANIBAL
ANNE BOLEYN
(the old Theatre Royal, Aberdeen) (1878),
'Children's Theatricals' (1878), 'Theatrical
Scenes for Children' (1879), 'The Comedie
Franq;aise' (1879), and 'Amateur Acting'
(18S0).
Anibal. A character in 'La Marjo-
laine ' iq-v.).
Animal Mag-netism. A farce in three
acts, adapted from the French by Mrs. Inx'II-
BALD (q.v.), first performed at Covent Garden
on April 26, 1788, with Quick as the Doctor,
Mrs. Wells as Constance, Pope as the Ifar-
quis de Lancy, Edwin as Lajleur, and Mrs.
Mattocks as Lisette. A Doctor keeps Con-
stance, his Avard, under lock and key, desiring
to marry her himself. But she is in love with
a Marquis, and he and his servant Lajleur
gain admission to the house in the characters
of a sick man and a magnetic doctor. Much
fun is got out of the magnetizing scenes.
The part of Lajleur was in the repertory of
both Jefferson "the second and fourth. The
farce was first played in America in 1793.
Animals on the Stagre. Horses,
dogs, etc., have figured on tlie boards from
"time immemorial" — not only as "proper-
ties," but in reality. Plays have been writ-
ten for them, and some of these still hold
the stage. At one time the " equestrian
drama," as it was called, " flourished "
indeed, and it has not yet wholly dis-
appeared. To trace the origin of the appear-
ance of animals even on the English sta^e
would be impossible. Pepys speaks of wit-
nessing in 1668 a performance of Shirley's
'Hide Park,' in which horses were brouglit
before the audience. In 1727, when Shake-
speare's 'Henry VIII. ' was revived, a
mounted champion figured in the corona-
tion spectacle. In 1803 Astley rebuilt his
amphitheatre, and it was then, says Dutton
Cook, that the "equestrian drama" became
an institution. In the same year a dog had
figured at Drnry Lane in Reynolds's ' Cara-
van' iq.v.), and had been so successful as to
receive the tribute of the managerial rap-
tures. In 1811 Colman's ' Blue Beard ' was
brought out at Covent Garden Avith a troop
of horses — a spectacle satirized at the Hay-
market in 'The Quadrupeds of Quedlin-
burgh' iq.v.), and at Drury Lane in 'The
Quadrupeds ; or. The ^Manager's Last Kick '
iq.v.). In the prologue to the former, it
was said—
" Dear Johnny Bull, . . .
Your toste, recovered half from forei!2:n quacks,
Takes airings now on English horses' backs.
While every modern bard may raise his name,
If not on lasting praise, on stable fame."
In the brothei-s Smith's ' Rejected Ad-
dresses,' published in 1812, we read in the
parody on Coleridge —
" Amid the freaks that modern fashion sanctions,
It grieves nie much to see live animals
Brought on the stage. Grimaldi has his rabbit,
Laurent his cat, and Bradbury his pig.
Fie on such tricks ! "
'The Dog of Montargis; or. The Forest of
Bondy,' has, as its title indicates, a dog for
its hero ; whilst in ' The Hindoo Robber '
there are two dogs. Horses are introduced in
more than one of Boucicault's dramas, and,
as Percy Fitzgerald reminds us, Chilperic, in
the opera, sings a song on horseback. In
' Claude Duval' (Stephens and Solomon) the
highwayman makes his first appearance thus.
' Mazeppa,' to the representation of which a
horse is essential, is still seen at intervals ;
an elephant has played its part in ' Round
the World' (g. v.); a donkey figured in 'La
Cigale' (q.v.); sheep have been employed
in comic opera ; and the presence of live
animals is, of course, frequent in pantomime.
Birds have often appeared in plays, as in
Tennyson's ' Falcon,' for example. See
Dutton Cook's ' Book of the Play ' (1876) and
Percy Fitzgerald's 'The World Behind the
Scenes ' (1881).
Anjou, Marg-aret of, figures in
Franklin's ' Earl of Warwick' (g. v.).
Ankarstrom. A character in H. M.
MiLNER's libretto, 'Gustavus III.' (g.y.).
Anna. A comedy ascribed to ^Nliss
CUTHBERT.SON, and performed at the Hay-
market, for the first and only time, on
February 25, 1793, by Palmer, Bannister,
jun., Wroughton, Suett, Mrs. Jordan, Miss
Pope, Mrs. Powell, Mrs. Kemble, etc.
Anna BuUen. See Anne Boleyn ;
Virtue Betrayed.
Anna Maria. The " maid of all work "
in T. J. Williams's ' Ici on Parle Fran^ais'
(q.v.).
Annabel. (1) The wife of the hero, in
Miss :Mitford's 'Julian' (q.v.). (2) A cha-
racter in 'The Man of Ten Thousand' (q.v.).
Annabella. Sister of Giovanni, in
Ford's ' 'Tis Pity she's a AVhore ' (q.v.).
Annap olis, U.S.A. The theatre here
was erected in 1831, and opened by J. B.
Booth, under the management of Thomas
Flynn.
Anne Blake. A play in five acts, by
Wesxland Marston (q.v.), first performed at
the Princess's Theatre, London, on October
28, 1852, with Mrs. C. Kean in the title part,
C Kean as Thorold, W. Lacy as Llaniston,
Addison as Sir JosejyJi Tojypington, and Mrs.
Winstanley as Lady Toppington. Anne
lives with the Toppinytons, who are induced,
by pressure in reference to a mortgage, to
promise her to Llaniaton. By a device she
is brought to think that Thorold, whom she
loves, and who loves her, does not cai-e for
her, and she accepts Llaniston ; but in the
end the lovers are made happy. The play
was first performed at New York in Novem-
ber, 1852, with F. Conway as Thorold and
Mrs. Mowatt as the heroine. It was revived
at the Standard Theatre, London, in 1861,
with Miss Marriott in the title part.
Anne Boleyn. Consort of Henry VIII. ,
and centi-al figure of the following dramatic
works, each named after her :— (1) A dra-
matic poem by Henry Hart Milman (q.v.\
printed in 1826. (2) A tragedy by G. H.
BOKER (g.r.), printed in 1850. (3) A panto-
mime by Nelson Lee (q.v.) produced at the
ANNE
ANSELL
City of London Theatre at Christmas, 1S56.
(4) A buriesque extravaganza by Conway
Edwardes (q.v.), first performed at the
Royalty Theatre, London, on September 7,
1572, with E. Danvers in the title part, and
other parts by Miss Bella Moore, Miss
Emma Chambers, Miss Kate Phillips, and
Miss H. Coveney. (5) A. historical play in
four acts, by R. "Dodsox, first performed at
the Victoria Theatre, London, on March 22,
1573. (6) A drama by ToM Taylor (q.v.),
first performed at the Haymarket Theatre,
London, on February 5, 1876, with Miss
JNeilson as the heroine, H. Howe as Earl of
Surrey, Kyrle Bellew as Percy, Miss Carlisle
as Jane Seymour, ^liss B. Henri as Lady
Rochfort, A. Cecil as Chapuis, Everill as Sir
J. Boleyn, Conway as Francis Weston, C.
Ifarcourt as the King, and A. Matthison as
Sir T. Wyatt. "'Anne'Boleyn,' " -writes Dutton
Cook, "purports to relate history in blank
verse. Little recourse has been had to in-
vention ; no fictitious personages are per-
mitted to occupy the scene. ' Anne Boleyn '
is indeed a dramatic version of the text-
books." See Boleyn, Anne, and Virtue
BETRAI'ED.
Anne, Lady. "Widow of the Prince of
AY ales in 'Richard III.' (g.r.), afterwards
married to Richard. For the famous wooing,
see act i. sc. 2. Lady Anne appears, of
course, in the burlesques of ' Richard III.'
by Selby, Stirling Coyne, and Burn.a.nd.
Anne T-Iie (i.e. Mary Anne). A domestic
comedy in four acts, by Rosier Faassen, per-
formed in the original Dutch at the Imperial
Theatre, London, in June, ISSO, with a cast
including Miss Catherine Beersmans (in the
title part), J. Haspels, W. van Zuylen, etc. ;
adapted by Clement Scott (^.r.), and per-
f/jrmed at' the Prince of Wales's Theatre,
London, on November 1, ISSO, with Miss
Genevieve Ward in the title part, Edgar
Bruce as Herbert L.usscll, J. Fernandez as
Dirksen, ?iliss C Grahame as Lise, :Mrs.
Leigh Murray as Xeeltje, J. Forbes-Robertson
as Koenraa'd, and C. P. Flockton as Jan
Schuif.
Anne of Austria is one of the 2yerso7icB
tn C. Rice's 'Three Musketeers '(5.1-.).
Anne of G-eierstein. A play, founded
on the story by Sir Walter Scott, and first
performed at New York in INIarch, 1S34.
Annerly, Frank. The hero of Mar-
STON's ' Favourite of Fortune ' (q.v.).
Annesley, James. The hero of C.
Reade'S 'Wandering Heir' {q.v.).
Annette. The name of a character in
(1) Payne's 'Maid and the Magpie' (q.r.),
and (2) COLMAN juniors ' Blue Devils '
(q.v.). (3) Daughter of Mathias, and affianced
to Christian, in Ware's 'Polish Jew' and
L. Lewis's ' Bells.'
Annette; or, The Fruits of Crime.
A play produced at the National Theatre,
New York, in 1S3S.—' Annette' is the title
fji an opera by G. E. Horn (q.v.).
Annette and Lubin. A comedy-opera
in one act, adapted by C. Dibdin (q.v.) from
the French, and first performed at Covent
Garden on October 2, 177S, with 3Iiss Brown
and Mrs. Farrell in the title parts. Annette
and Lubin live together on the banks of the
Seine, knowing no wrong. They are rudely
enlightened, and for a time fear that, being
cousins, they will not be permitted to
marry ; but the lord of the manor procures
for them a dispensation.
Anniversary (The). A farce, in-
tended as a sequel to 'Lethe' (q.v.), and
first performed at Covent Garden in March,
175S.
Annophel, in Beaumont and Flet-
cher's 'Laws of Candy' (5.!;.), is daughter
of Cassilane, the general.
Annot. Daughter of Allen Allison in
J. T. Haines's ' Wraith of the Lake.'
Anodyne, Dr. A character in W. H.
Oxberry's 'Delusion" (q.v.).
Anonymous. The captain of the Royal
Guards in Planciie's 'Golden Fleece '(q.v.).
Anonymous Letter (The). A co-
medy in three acts, by Mark Ambient and
Frank Latimer, first performed at the
Lyric Theatre, London, on the afternoon of
May 5, 1S91, with a cast including W. H.
Vernon, L. Waller, E. Lewis, G. Mndie,
Miss F. West, Miss Annie Rose, Miss Vane,
and Miss Alexes Leighton.
A-nother. A character in ' The Man-
darin's Daughter' (q.v.).
Another Drink. A burlesque on C.
Reade'S ' Drink ' (q.v.), written by H. Savile
Clarke (q.v.) and Lewis Clifton (q.v.),
and first performed at the Folly Theatre,
London, in July. 1S79, with G. W. Anson
as Coujyeau and Mdme. Dolaro as Gervaise.
Another Glass. See Drunkard's
Glass.
Ansell, Mrs., actress, was the third
wife of Richard Yates, the actor (q.v.), and
after his death adopted the stage as a pro-
fession. In or after 1800 she mamed again,
and thenceforth acted as " Mrs. Ansell."
She played both in London (at Drury Lane,
Covent Garden, and the Haymarket) and
the provinces. Among her parts were the
Queen in ' Hamlet,' Margaret of Anjou (' Earl
of Warwick'), Mandane ('Cyrus'), and
Angela (' Castle Spectre '). A contemporary
writer describes her acting as "spirited",
but generally too elaborate " (' Thespian Dic-
tionary,' IsOo).
Ansell, Mary. Actress ; made her
debut at the Grand, Islington, in April,
1890 : has played in London the following
"original" parts -.—liosie in 'A Month after
Date' (1S91), Inez in 'A Mighty Error"
(iS91), yancy O'Brien in ' Walker, London '
(1S92), and Sophia in 'Fast Asleep' (1S92) ;
also, Evangeline in * All the Comforts of
Home* (1891), Loyse in 'Gringoire' (1891).
ANSELMA
61
ANTICHRISTI
Sybil Hardimck in 'The Bookmaker' (1891),
Nelly Saunders in ' Formosa,' and Virginia
Vanderpump in ' Brighton ' (1892).
Anselma. A play, founded by L. Rich-
ardson on the ' Andrea' (q.v.) of Victorien
Sardou, and produced in New York, at the
Madison Square Theatre, in September, 1875,
with Mdme. Janish in the principal r6le.
The piece was afterwards called ' The Prin-
cess Andrea.'
Anselmo, Brother, in Oxenford's
'Monastery of St. Just' (q.v.), is the name
adopted by the Emperor Charles V.
Anson, Georg-e William. Actor, born
at Montrose, .Scotland, on November 25,
1847 ; son of John William Anson ((/.r.) ; first
appeared on the stage in December, 1865, at
the Theatre Royal, Edinburgh, and made
his debut in the metropolis at the Olympic
on October 4, 1873, as Minadab in Byron's
' Sour Grapes.' Among his other original
rdles are Huguet in Recce's ' Richelieu Re-
dressed,' Scum Goodman in Taylor's ' Lady
Clancarty,' Picard in ' The Two Orphans,'
Sir Howardin Albery's ' Spendthrift,' Mousta
in Gilbert's 'Broken Hearts,' Abb^ Plaque
in Wills's ' Ellen,' Coupeau in ' Another
Drink,' Commander Jarbi in ' Fernande,'
Gubbins in Byron's ' Courtship,' Tupman in
' The Trial from Pickwick,' Washington
Phipps in ' The Old Love and the New,' Mr.
Merriweather in * Two Old Boys,' Friar Philip
in Wills's ' Juana,' Jagurtha Brouni in Reece
and Thorpe's ' Out of the Hunt,' Sir Josiah
Muggeridge in Grundy's • Dust,' Joe Vinton
in Burnand's 'Manager,' Ledger, M.P., in
Godfrey's ' Parvenu,' Ptolemy Timbs in Sims'
'Wise Child," Mr. Dominie in Collins's
•Rank and Riches,' Septimus Wragshy in
Pettitt's 'Spider's Web,' Dan Bradbury in
Jones and Herman's ' Breaking a ButterHy,'
Sidney Gibson in ' The Private Secretary,'
Dr. Ceneri in ' Called Back,' Slater "in
Grundy's 'An Old Jew,' and Schivartz in
Grundy's * Bunch of Violets.' Among
his other impersonations are Verges in
' Much Ado ' (1874), Banter in ' New INIen
and Old Acres' (1876), the Major in ' Henry
Dunbar ' (1877), Fagin in ' Nancy Sikes '
(1878), Grimaldi in ' The Life of an Actress '
(1879), Dufard in ' The First Night ' (1879),
Michonnet in ' Adrienne Lecouvreur ' (1880),
the Governor in ' The Critic ' (1880), Peter
and the Apothecary in ' Romeo and Juliet '
(1881), Brigard in ' Frou Frou ' (ISSl), King
Phanor in '.The Palace of Truth" (1884),
Woodcock in 'A Lucky Dog' (1892), and
Eccles in ' Caste ' (1S94).
Anson, John William. Actor, born
in London, July 31, 1817 ; made his ddbut
in 1843 at Bath. He afterwards joined the
Ryde, York, and Belfast circuits, and was
the manager of several theatres in Scotland.
He first appeared in London in 1853, at
Astley's, making special successes in Fal-
staff. Bailie Nicol Jarvie, and " our own
correspondent " in 'The Battle of the Alma.'
He was for many years treasurer of the
Adelphi Theatre, London. He founded, in
1855, the Dramatic, Equestrian, and Musical
Sick Fund ; in 1856, the Dramatic Burial
Ground at Woking ; in 1859, the Dramatic
CoUege ; in 1866, the G. V. Brooke Lifeboat
Fund. He was also one of the founders of
the Junior Garrick Club, He died in 1881.
Anspach, Elizabeth, Margravine
of. Daughter of fourth Earl of Berkeley ;
bom 1750, died 1828 ; man-ied, in 1767, the
sixth Earl of Craven, and, in 1791, Christian,
Margrave of Anspach ; wi-ote ' The Som-
nambule' (1778), 'The Miniature Picture'
(1781), 'The Silver Tankard' (1781), 'The
Arcadian Pastoral' (1782), 'The Statue
Feast ' (1782), 'The Yorkshire Ghost' (1794),
' The Princess of Georgia ' (1799), ' Puss in
Boots' (1799), 'Nourjad' (1803), and 'Love
in a Convent ' (1805), all of which see. She
also wrote two plays in French, ' LaFolledu
Jour' and ' Abdoul et Nourjad,' and trans-
lated into French ' She Would and She
Would Not ' (q.v.). Her ' ilemoirs ' appeared
in 1826. See also the ' Biographia Dra-
matica' (1812), Genest's 'English Stage'
(1832), and Walpole's ' Letters ' (1859). See
KiNKVERVANKOTSDORSPRAKINGATCHDERN.
Anstey, F. Two stories by this writer
— ' Vice Versa' (g.v.) and ' The Tinted Venus'
(g.v.)— have bsen adapted to the stage.
Antarctic ; or, The Pole and the
Traces. A " bouffonnerie musicale" by H.
B. Farnie (^-.v.), first performed at the Strand
Theatre, London, on December 27, 1875,
by E. Terry as Paletot, H. Cox as Bastille,
C. Marius, Miss Lottie Venne, and Miss
Angelina Claude.
Antenor. A Trojan commander in
'Troilus and Cressida' (q.v.).
Anthony of Italy, St., is one of
Planchk's ' Sevon Champions of Christen-
dom' (q.v.).
Anthony Street Theatre, New
York. See New York Theatres.
Anti-Rosciad. (The). See Rosciad,
The.
Anti-Theatre (The). See Theatre,
The.
Antichristi, De Adventu. The title
of the twenty-third Chester play, of which
Antichrist is the hero. He "assumes," says
Collier, "almighty power, and, after raising
two dead men, and dying himself and coming
to life again, he gives away to four credulous
kings what are called the four kingdoms of
the world. . . . Enoch and Elias arrive to-
disprove the claim of Antichrist to be the
Messiah. . . . The four kings consent to listen
to the 'proofs of disputation,' and an argu-
ment is commenced, between Enoch and
Elias on one side and Antichrist on the other.
... At last Enoch and Elias challenge Anti-
christ to make the dead, whom he had
before raised, eat. Elias blesses bread in
the name of the Trinity, and, marking it
with a cross, requires the dead to taste it ;
but they turn from it with fear and horror.
. . . The proof is quite convincing to the.
four kings, and Antichrist, in a fury, draws a
sword and kills them, as well as Enoch arnl
ANTIDOTE
ANTIPODES
Elias. The Archangel Michael arrives, and
does the same execution on Antichrist- . . .
The end of the pageant is the departure of
Enoch and Elias with Michael to Heaven "
('Dramatic Poetry').
Antidote. (1) Lady Antidote is a cha-
racter in J. V. MiLLiNGEN's ' Ladies at
Home' iq.v.), and (2) there is a Mrs.
Antidote in POCOCK'S * Anything New '
iq.v.).
Antig-allican (The). See Heiress,
The.
Antig-one. A Theban princess ; heroine
of the following dramatic works :— (1) A tra-
gedy by Sophocles {q.v.) ; translated, sepa-
rately, into English by Spillan (1831), Bartho-
lomew (1844), Campbell (1873), Mongan (ISSO).
A translation by R. Whitelav/ was per-
formed at the Crystal Palace on November 6,
1890. (2) 'Antigone, the Theban Princess,'
a tragedy by Tho>ias May (q.v.), founded on
Sophocles, Seneca, etc., and published in
1631. (3) A tragedy by Alfieri (1782) ;
translated into English by Lloyd (1815) and
Bowring (1876). (4) A version of Sophocles'
tragedy \q.v.) was performed at Covent
Garden Theatre, London, in January, 1845,
with Miss Vandenhoff in the title part, and
her father as Creon, and with the aid
of Mendelssohn's music. This represen-
tation was witnessed by Edward Fitz-
Gerald, who wrote of it : "" The music very
fine, I thought. It was horribly ill sung
by a chorus in shabby togas, who looked
much more like dirty leakers than Theban
(were they?) respectable old gentlemen.
Mr. Vandenhoff sat on a marble camp-stool
in the middle, and looked like one of Flax-
man's Homeric kings— very well." Jliss Van-
denhofl's Antigone was praised for "its
classic simplicity, its grace, and pathos."
The tragedy was played at Dublin in March,
1845, with Miss Helen Faucit in the title part ;
at Palmo's Opera House, New York, in April,
1845, with G. Vandenhoff as Creon, Chanfrau
as Hcemon, and I\Iiss Clarendon as the
heroine ; and at the Crystal Palace, in
December, 1875, with Miss Genevieve Ward
in the leading role. De Quincey described
Miss Faucit's J.niic/one as "the most fault-
less of Grecian marbles." ' ' What perfection
of Athenian sculpture ! the noble figure,
the lordly arms, the fluent drapery ! What
an unveiling of the ideal statuesque ! . . .
Perfect she is in form ; perfect in attitude."
(5) A burlesque by E. L. Bl.vnchard {q.v.),
first performed at the Strand Theatre, Lon-
don, in February, 1845, with G. Wild as
Antigone and H. Hall as Creon.
Antig-one, tlie Theban Princess.
See Antigone.
Antig-onus. (1) A Sicilian lord in ' The
Winter's Tale' (q.v.), husband of Paulina
(q.v.), and employed by Leontes (q.v.) to
make away with his infant daughter. (2) The
King in BEAUMONT and FLETCHER'S ' Hu-
morous Lieutenant' (q.v.).
Antiraony. (1) A character in T.
DiBDiN's ' Will for the Deed ' (q.v). (2) An
old bachelor in J. F. Smith's 'Lesson for
Gentlemen' (q.v.).
AntinoTis. Brother oi Annophel (q.v.),
in Beaumont and Fletcher's 'Laws of
Candy ' (q.v.).
Antiochus. (1) A tragedy by John
iMOTTLEY (q.v.), first performed at Lincoln's
Inn Fields on April 13, 1721, with Ryan in the
title part, Mrs. Seymour as Stratonice, and
Quin as Seleiichus. Antiochus, son of Seleu-
chus (King of Syria), is in love with Stra-
tonice, his father's wife, and she with him.
The king overhears their mutual declara-
tions, and surrenders Stratonice to his son.
Stratonice, however, poisons herself. (2)
A tragedy on the same subject by CHARLES
Shuckborough, printed in 1740.
Antiochus. (1) King of Antioch in
• Pericles \(q.v.). (2) A Parthian commander
in WiLKiNS'S ' Egyptian ' (q.v.).
Antiochus the Great ; or, The Fatal
Relapse. AtragedybyMrs. Jane Wiseman
(q.v.), first performed at Lincoln's Inn Fields
in 1702, with Powell as the hero, Mrs. Barry
as Leodice, Mrs. Bowman as Berenice, and
Booth as Ormades. Antiochus has seduced
and deserted Leodice. He marries Berenice,
daughter of the King of Egypt, who loves,
and is loved by, Ormades, an Egyptian
prince. Antiochus, after being reconciled
to Leodice, surprises Berenice and Ormades
together. Ormades kills himself, Leodice
poisons herself and the king, and Berenice
returns to Egypt.
Antipholus. The name of two brothers
("of Ephesus" and "of Syracuse"), twin
sons of jEgeon, in ' The Comedy of Errors '
q.v.).—
" The one so like the other,
As could not be distinguish'd but by names."
Antipholus of Ei^hesus is man-ied to Adriana
(q.v.). It is the likeness between the twins
which causes most of the embroglio in the
comedy. "Matters," says Schlegel, "are
carried so far, that one of the two brothers
is first arrested for debt, then confined as a
lunatic, and the other is forced to take
refuge in a sanctuary to save his life."
Antipo. A tragedy by Francis Verney,
" written in couplets and divided into five
acts ; an unpublished quarto manuscript,
formerly in the Lee Warley Collection, near
Canterbury " (W. C. Hazlitt).
Antipodes (The). (1) A comedy by
Richard Brome (q.v.), acted "at Sahsbury
Court, in Fleet Street," in 1638, and printed
in 1640: " Peregrine has studied Mandeville
and other writers of travels, till he is become
disordered in his wits. "The Doctor, who
undertakes to cure him, proposes that they
should travel together to the Antipodes,
telling him that the Antipodes under Eng-
land are English
' To the exterior show : but in their manners.
Their carriage, and condition of life,
E.\tremely contrarj'.'
ANTIPODES
ANTONIO AND MELLIDA
He then gives his patient a strong sleeping
potion, and conveys him to the house of a
lord. \Mien Peregrine Avakes, a play is
acted before him to represent the manners
of the Antipodes. Everything is done con-
trary to what is usual ; two sergeants with
draAvn swords run from a gentleman who
wishes them to arrest him ; a lawyer refuses
all fees ; a citizen makes a complaint of a
gentleman who will not cuckold him, etc.,
etc. At the conclusion of the play. Peregrine
recovers his senses. There is an under-
plot, in which Joyless, Peregrine's father,
is cured of his jealousy." See Leigh Hunt's
* Wit and Humour ; ' also By-play ; Pere-
grine. (2) ' The Antipodes ; or, The Ups
and Downs of Life : ' a play in three acts, by
Tom Taylor iq.v.), first performed at the
Holbom Theatre on June 8, 18G7, with ]\Iiss
Ellen Terry as Madeline, Mrs. P.aymond as
Mrs. Seymour, Miss C. Saunders as Miskin
(a groom), J. Vollaire as Seymour, E. Price
as Hon. Sam Strayigeways, and S. Emery as
Duck-fingered Joe.
Antipodes, Tlie King: of the. A
potentate so named figures in Carey's
* Chrononhotonthologos ' (7. v.), where he
is described as entering "walking on his
hands." The Queen of Queerummania, who
is enamoured of him, says to her atten-
dant—
"In what a charming attitude he stands I
How prettily he foots it with his hands ! "
Antiquary (The). (1) A comedy by
Shackerly Marmion {q.v.), acted at the
Cock-pit before May 12, 1G36, and printed in
1C41. " The play was revised before publica-
tion,the scene being changed from Venice to
Pisa, and Bravo's character being altered in
iii. 1 and v. 3" (Fleay). "The character of
the Antiquary, who cannot endure anything
but what is old, is an admirable hint, original
in its execution" (W. C. Hazlitt). The piece
is included among Dodsley's old plays. The
name of the xVntiquary is Veterans (q.v.). (2)
A musical play, adapted by D. Terry (q.v.)
from the novel of Sir Walter Scott, and first
produced at Covent Garden on January 25,
1820, with Liston as Jonathan Oldbuck (the
antiquary), Emery as Edie Ochiltree, Blan-
chard as Caxon, Duruset as Lovel, Terry
himself as Lord Glenallan, Abbott as Hector
Maclntyre, Farley as Saunders Mucklebackit,
Chapman as Sir Arthur Wardour, Mrs.
Faucit as Elspeth of the Craighurnfoot, Miss
■Stephens as Miss Isabella Wardour, Miss
ilatthews as Miss Maria Maclntyre, and
Mrs. Davenport as Miss Grizelda Oldbuck.
— A dramatization of Scott's novel Avas per-
formed at New York in May, 1822, with
CoweU as Oldbuck and May wood as Ochil-
tree.
Antiquity. A farce in two acts, " by a
young gentleman of the Inner Temple ; "
imacted, and published in ISOS. "The
object of it was to ridicule the taste for
a-ntiquity, when it goes to unreasonable
lengths." See the ' Biographia Dramatica'
<1S12).
Antoine. The dumb sailor-boy in W.
J. Lucas's ' Death Plank' (q.v.).
Antoine ; ou, Les Trois Epoques.
See Past and Present.
Antoine the Savag-e. A melodrama,
played at New York in December, 1S29.
Antoinette. The heroine of Offen-
bach's ' La Creole ' (q.v.).
Antoinette, Marie. See Marie An-
toinette.
Antoinette Rigraud. A comedy in
three acts, translated by Ernest Warren
(q.v.) from the French play of the same
name by Eaymond Deslandes (Comddie
Fran^aise, September SO, 18S5), and first
performed at the St. James's Theatre, Lon-
don, on February 13, 1886, with Mrs. Kendal
in the title part, W. H. Kendal as Henri de
Tourvel, J. Hare as General de Prdfond, J.
H. Barnes as Rigaud, Miss Linda Dietz as
Marie de Prefond, etc. ; performed at Bos-
ton, U.S.A., in March, 1877, with Miss
Evesson as Antoinette. See Keepsake,
The.
Antonio. (1) The " merchant of Venice "
in Shakespeare's play (q.v.), whose bond
with Shylock forms the main basis of the
drama. He makes his entry in the first scene
of the play. Schlegel characterizes his
"melancholy and self-sacrificing equanimity"
as "affectingly sublime." (2) The "seacap-
taiu" in 'Twelfth Night' (g.r.), who saves
Sebastian (q.v.) from drowning on the coast
of lUyria. (3) The usurping brother of the
rightful Duke of Milan, in 'The Tempest'
(q.v.). (4) Father of Proteus, in 'The Two
Gentlemen of Verona' (q.v.). (5) Kinsman
of Petruccio, in Beaumont and Fletcher's
• Chances ' (q.v.). (6) The steward, in Web-
ster's ' Duchess of Malfy' (q.v.). (7) Father
of Carlos (q.v.) and Clodio (q.v.), in Cibber's
' Love Makes a Man' (q.v.).
Antonio ; or,The Soldier's Keturn.
A tragedy in five acts, by W. Godwin (q.v.),
performed at Drury Lane, for the first and
only time, on December 13, 1800, with Kemble
as the hero, :\Irs. Siddons as Helena, Barry-
more as Don GuzmayuWronghton as the King
of Arragon, and C Kemble as Don Henry.
Antonio is the brother of Helena, and o'n
his return from the wars is angry to find
that his sister, who had been betrothed by
his father to Jiodrigo, has been married to
Don Guzman. He appeals to the King, and,
receiving no satisfaction, forces Helena into
a convent. She is rescued thence by her
husband and Do7i Henry, but is eventually
stabbed by Antonio.
Antonio, Don. A poor nobleman, in
love with Louisa (q.v.), in Sheridan's ' Du-
enna ' (q.v.).
Antonio and Mellida. A drama bv
John :Marston (q.v.), acted by the children
of St. Paul's in or before 1602, and printed
in that year. Lamb said of this play that "the
situation of Andrugiosind Lucio," where An-
drugio, Duke of Genoa, banished his country,
ANTONIO AND VALLIA
64
ANTONY AND CLEOPATRA
with the loss of a son supposed drowned, is
cast upon the territory of his mortal enemy
the Duke of Venice, with no attendants but
Lucio, an old nobleman, and a page, "re-
sembles that of Lear and Kent in that
king's distresses. Andrur/w, like Lear, mani-
fests a king-like impatience, a turbulent
greatness, an affected resignation." Hazlitt
describes the play as "a tragedy of con-
siderable force and pathos, but in the most
critical parts the author frequently breaks
off, or flags ^^-ithout any apparent reason
but want of interest in his subject ; and,
further, the best and most affecting situa-
tions and bursts of feeling are too evidently
imitations of Shakespeare." A sequel to
this drama was written by Marstox, under
the title of ' Antonio's Revenge.' This also
was acted by the children of St. Paul's (in
1600), and printed in 1602. Lamb says that
'• the prologue to the second part, for its
passionate earnestness, and for the tragic
note of preparation which it sounds, might
have preceded one of those old tales of
Thebes or Pelops' line, which Milton has
so highly commended." " This play," says
Fleav, "was a 'revenge for a father' play,
like Shakespeare's 'Hamlet' and Chettle's
' Hoffman.' Revenge plays were very popu-
lar just then."
Antonio and Vallia. A comedy as-
cribed to Philip Massinger (q.v.), the
manuscript of which is supposed to have
been destroyed by "VVarburton's servant.
It was probably an adaptation of a play
by Dekker (circa 1590).
Antonio of Kag-usa. "One of the
characters in a titleless comedy in the
Bodleian (Rawl. Poet. 93)" (W. C. Hazlitt).
Antonio's Revenge. See Antonio
AND Mellida.
Antonius. A tragedy by Mart, Coun-
tess of Pejibroke ; translated from the
French of R. Garnier, and published in 1592.
It was reprinted in 1595 under the name of
•Antony.' Its "most remarkable feature,"
says Collier, " is that all the principal
speeches are in blank verse, so that it is an
early attempt in that kind. The choruses,
in various lyrical measures, are usually well
rendered."
Antony, Mark, in Shakespeare's
'Julius Cfesar' (q.v.), is mainly remarkable
for his well-known speech over the body of
Caesar, commencing—
"Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears"
(act iii. sc. 2). Antony reappears in ' Antony
and Cleopatra' (q.v.) as the hero of that
tragedy. "In Antony," says Schlegel,
" we observe a mixture of great qualities,
weaknesses, and vices, violent ambition,
and ebullitions of magnanimity— we see him
now sinking into luxurious enjoyment, and
then, nobly ashamed of his own aberrations,
manning himself to resolutions not unworthy
of himself, which are always shipwrecked
against the seductions of an artful woman.
It is Hercules in the chains of Omphale,
drawn from the fabulous heroic ages into
history, and invested with the Roman cos-
tume." Hazlitt speaks of "the irregular
gi-andeur of the soul of Mark Antony."
"Antony," says Hallam, "was given to the
dramatist by history, and he has but em-
bodied in his own vivid colours the irregular
mind of the triumvir, ambitious and daring
against all enemies but himself." Antony
is a prominent character also in the Coun-
tess of Pembroke's 'Antonius' (q.v.), in
Daniel's 'Cleopatra' (q.v.), in Dryden's
'AU for Love' (q.v.), in 'Caesar in Egypt,
(q.v.). and in E. Stirling's 'Serpent of
the Nile ' (q.v.).
Antony and Cleopatra. (1) A tragedy
by William Shakespeare (q.v.), entered in
the Stationers' Register under date May 20,
1608, and first printed in the folio of 1623.
The Countess of Pembroke had printed in
1592 her tragedy of ' Antonius ' (q.v.), and
Daniel had published in 1594 his tragedy of
' Cleopatra ' (q.v.), but Shakespeare owed
nothing to either of these plays, his chief
authority being the biography of Mark
Antony in Roger North's translation of
Plutarch's ' Lives.' " ' Antony and Cleo-
patra,'" says Schlegel, "may in some mea-
sure be considered as a continuance of
'Julius Caesar' (g.w.)— the two principal
characters of Antony and Augustus are
equally sustained in both pieces. ' Antony
and Cleopatra ' is a play of great extent ;
the progress is less simple than in ' Julius
Caesar.' . . . The principal personages are
most emphatically distinguished by linea-
ment and colouring, and powerfully arrest
the imagination." Coleridge doubted "whe<-
ther the ' Antony and Cleopatra ' is not, in
aU exhibitions of a giant power in its strength
and vigour of maturity, a formidable rival of
'Macbeth,' 'Lear,' 'Hamlet,' and 'OtheUo.'
. . . This play should be perused in mental
contrast with 'Romeo and Juliet,' as the-
love of passion and appetite opposed to the
love of affection and instinct. ... Of all
Shakespeare's historical plays, ' Antony and
Cleopatra' is by far the most powerful.
There is not one in which he has followed
history so minutely, and yet there are few
in which he impresses the notion of angelic
strength so much, perhaps none in which
he expresses it more stronglj'." Coleridge-
adds : "If you would feel the judgment as
well as the genius of Shakespeare in your
heart's core, compare this astonishing drama
with Dryden's ' All for Love ' " (q.v.). "This,"
says Hazlitt, " is a very noble play. Though
not in the first class ©f Shakespeare's pro-
ductions, it stands next to them, and is, we-
think, the finest of his historical plays. . . .
"What he has added to the actual story is-
upon a par -nith it. His genius was, as it
were, a match for history as well as nature,
and could grapple at will with either. The
play . . . presents a fine picture of Roman
pride and Eastern magnificence. . . . The
characters breathe, move, and live." The first
revival of the play, after the Restoration,
was in January, 1759, when, adapted by
ANYSIDOS
65
APARTMENTS
Capell and Garrick, it was produced by the
latter at Drury Lane. Garrick was the An-
tony and Mrs. Yates the Cleopatra, and the
production had a run of six nights only.
The tragedy was next revived at Covent
Garden in November, 1813, having been
-prepared for the purpose by J. P. Kemble,
who interpolated whole passages from ' All
for Love.' C. M. Young and Mrs. Faucit
then played the title parts, Mrs. Siddons
having declined to perform that of Cleo-
patra, on the ground that "she should
hate herself if she were to play it as it
ought to be played." Abbott was Octa-
vius and Terry Ventidius. Yet another
amalgam of Shakespeare and Dryden was
produced at Drury Lane in November, 1S33,
-with Macready as Antony, and Brindal,
Diddear, and G. Bennett in other parts.
The first American performance of the play
took place at New York in April, 1846, with
G. Vandenhoff as Antony and Mrs. Bland
as Cleopatra. In October, 1849, Phelps re-
stored the text to uniformity with the ori-
ginal, and represented the tragedy at Sad-
ler's Wells, with himself as the hero, Miss
Glyn as the heroine, H. Marston as Pom-
peius, and G. Bennett as Enoharbas. At
the Standard in March, 1855, Henry Mar-
ston was the Antony. The play was repre-
sented at the Broadway Theatre, New York,
in March, 1859, with Eddy as Antony, J. W.
Howe as Octavius, Mdme. Ponisi as Cleo-
patra, and Mrs. G. C. Germon as Charmian.
In 1866 it was revived at Manchester by
Charles Calvert, who played Antony to the
Cleopatra of his wife. In May, 1867, it was
revived at the Princess's, with H. Loraine
as Antony, H. Forrester as Octavius, E. F.
Edgar as Pompcius, and Miss Glyn again
as Cleopatra. It was next reproduced at
Drury Lane in 1873, when the leading r6les
ivere performed by J. R. Anderson and ^liss
Wallis, Ccesar being played by H. Sinclair,
Enoharhus by J. Ryder, Eros by Howard
Russell, anil Charmian by Miss Edith
Stuart. The text had been edited and re-
duced to four acts by Andrew Halliday, and
the scenery was by W. R. Beverley. In
1890 the tragedy was represented at the
Princess's, London, with Mrs. Langtry as
Cleopatra, C. Coghlan as Antony, F. K.
Cooper as Octavius, H. Stirling as Enobar-
btis, H. Loraine as Proculeius, Miss F. Ivor
as Octavia, and Miss A. INIcNeill as Char-
mian. 'Antony and Cleopatra' has been
several times burlesqued ; first by F. C.
BuRNAND, at the Haymarket, in November,
1866, under the title of ' Antony and Cleo-
patra ; or. Her Story and His Story, related
in a modern Nilo-metre,' the chief parts
being taken by C. J. Mathews and his wife,
Compton, Rogers, Clark. ]Miss Fanny Wright,
and Miss Caroline Hill ; next at Jersey,
in 1870, by J. F. Draper ; again by F. C.
BURNAND, under the title of 'Our Own
Antony and Cleopatra' (q.v.); and again,
by W. Sapte, jun., under the title of ' Mdlle.
Cleopatra ' (q.v.). See Antony, Mark;
Cesar ; Charmian ; Cleopatra ; Dola-
BELLA ; Enobarbus ; Octavia ; Pompey.
<2) A tragedy in rhyme, by Sir Charles
Sedley (q.v.), acted at Dorset Garden in
1677, with Betterton as Antony, Crosby as
Thyreus, Medbourne as Canidius, and J^Irs.
Mary Lee as Cleopatra. Mrs. Betterton, JNirs.
Hughes, Mrs. Gibbs, Sandford, and Harris
were also in the cast. For the plot Sedley
was in no way indebted to Shakespeare.
Thyreus is in love with Cleopatra; Antony
is jealous of him, and orders him to be
whipped. Canidius protests against such
treatment of an ambassador. Thyreus and
Antony fight, and the former is killed. (3)
A tragedy by Henry Brooke ; unacted, and
printed among the author's works (1778).
(4) A burletta in one act, by Charles Selby
(g.r.), first performed at the Adelphi The-
atre, London, on November 7, 1842, with
Wright as Antony, " a gentleman in town,"
and Miss Murray as Cleopatra (a grisette) ;
revived at the Adelphi in October, 1843, with
INIiss Woolgar as Cleopatra ; produced at
New York in 1843, with Mitchell and Mrs.
Timm. To this piece Selby vreotQ a sequel,
called (5) 'Antony and Cleopatra Married
and Settled,' produced at the Adelphi on
December 4, 1843, with Wright and Miss
Woolgar in the title parts.
Anysidos, Marquis of. The major-
domo in PLANCHli'S ' Invisible Prince ' (q.v.).
Anything" for a Chang-e. A one-act
comedy by Charles Shirley Brooks (q.v.),
produced at the Lyceum Theatre, London,
on June 7, 1848, " with Charles Mathews [as
Swoppington] and a Miss ' Polly ' Marshall,
who played a servant-girl [Eliza] inimitably"
(Edmund Yates). Miss Fitzwilliam was
the Margaret Honeyball with whom Swoj-)-
pington (g.v.)— who is ready to " swop" any-
thing for a change— is in love. Harley was
the Paul Honeyball and Mrs. Leigh :Murray
the Mrs. Honeyball. The comedy was played
at New York in 1849. Swoppington was one
of John Clarke's favourite parts.
Anjrthing- for a Quiet Life. A co-
medv by Thomas Middleton (q.v.), as-
cribed by Fleay to 1623, acted at Black-
friars, and printed in 1662. " There is very
good stuff in the plot or gi-oundwork,"
says Swinburne, "but the workmanship is
hardly worthy of the material. Mr. Bullen
ingeniously and plausibly suggests the part-
nership of Shirley in this play, but the con-
ception of the character in which he discerns
a likeness to the touch of the lesser drama-
tist is happier and more original than such
a comparison would indicate."
An3rtliing- New ? A musical farce in
two acts, the words by I. POCOCK (q.v.), the
music bv C. Smith ; first performed at
the Lvceum Theatre on July 1, ISll, with
Miss Kelly as Fanny Transit. Among the
personce are Jeremiah Babble and 3Irs. Anti-
dote.
Apsecides. Brother of lone in tho
adaptations and burlesques of ' The Last
Days of Pompeii' (g.r.).
"Apartments." A " piece of extrava-
gance" in one act, by William Brough
APELLES
APOSTATE
(q.v.), first performed at the Princess's The-
atre, London, on May 14, 1S31, with Keeley
as Mr. Tij^pitiu ^Nlrs. Alfred Wigan as Mrs.
Tippity, Mrs. Keeley as Clementina, and J.
F. Cat'hcart as a Scotchman.
Apelles. A character in Lyly's ' Alex-
ander and Campaspe' {q.v.). It is he who
sings the song beginning—
" Cupid and my Campaspe play'd" {q.v.).
Apemantus. A "churlish philosopher"
in 'Timon of Athens' {q.v.); first seen in
act i. sc. 2, where he " comes, dropping
after all, discontentedly, like himself."
Schlegel, in his ' Dramatic Art,' refers to
"the incomparable scene [act iv. sc. 3] where
the cynic Apemantus visits Timon in the
wilderness. They have a sort of competi-
tion with each other in their trade of misan-
thropy." "The soul of Diogenes," says
llazlitt, in the 'Characters,' "appears to
have been seated on the lips of Apemantus.
The churlish profession of misanthropy in
the cynic is contrasted with the profound
feeling of it in Timon."
Apewell. A character in Colman ju-
nior's 'New Hay in the Old Market' {q.v.),
played by Caulfield, and introduced as a
vehicle for his imitations.
Aphrodisial (The) ; or, Sea Feast.
A drama by Wm. Percy (1602), preserved in
manuscript in the Duke of Devonshire's
library.
Apiolin, Miss. See Matthews, Mrs.
Frank.
Artocryphal Ladies (The). A comedy
by M'argaret, Duchess of Newcastle (g.i-.).
" This play is, as many others of her pieces,
irregular and unfinished, and is divided into
twenty-three scenes, but not reduced to the
form of acts " (' Biographia Dramatica ').
Apollo figures in a large number of dra-
matic pieces. He is the chief personage in the
following :—(l) 'Apollo Shroving : ' a comedy
written by William Hawkins, schoolmaster
of Hadleigh, in Suffolk, for the use of his
scholars, and acted by them on Shrove Tues-
day, February 6, 1626-7 ; printed in 1627. (2)
' Apollo turn'd Stroller ; or, Thereby hangs
a Tale : ' a burletta by Sir John Oldmixon,
first performed at the Royalty Theatre, Lon-
don, on December 3, 17S7. "(3) 'Apollo in
New York :' a local satire by Dion Bouci-
CAULT {q.v.), produced at Burtons Theatre,
New York, in December, 1S54, -with Burton
as Jupiter. Apollo also plays a leading part
in O'Hara's ' Midas ' {q.v.), Graves's 'Cupid'
{q.v.), Beckett's ' Son of the Sun ' {q.v.),
Tom Taylor's ' Diogenes and his Lantern '
{q.v.), H. J. Byron's ' Orpheus and Eury-
dice' {q.v.), F. C. Burnand'S 'Venus and
Adonis' {q.v.), E.. Eeece's 'Prometheus'
{q.v.), and the same writer's ' Romulus
and Remus' {q.v.), in which he is "a
sort of Chorus, commenting on the action
and interposing in it." See the following
paragraph.
ApoUo and Daphne. The legend of
which these are the subject has suggested
the following pieces: — (1) A drama liv
Thomas Heywood {q.v.), printed in his
' Pleasant Dialogues and Dramas ' (1637).
(2) A masque .by J. Hughes {q.v.), set to
music by Pepusch, and performed at Drury
Lane in 1716. (3) A pantomime bv Joh.v
Thurmond, acted at Drury Lane in 1725.
(4) A pantomime.written by Lewis Theo-
bald {q.v.), and composed by Rich, per-
formed at Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1726. (5)
An opera, printed in 1734.
Apollo in New York. See Apollo.
Apollo Shroving-. See Apollo.
Apollo turn'd Stroller. See Apollo.
Apollo's Holiday. See Appeal to
THE Muses.
Apollodoros. A character in Professor
Aytoun's ' Firmilian' {q.v.).
Apology for Actors (An), "con-
taining three briefe treatises : 1. Their Anti-
quity. 2. Their ancient Dignity. 3. The
true use of their Quality." This "ingenious
and amusing " work was ■«'ritten by Thomas
Heywood {q.v.), and pubUshed in 1612. It
consists only of forty- six pages, of which
fourteen are preliminary. It has been re-
printed of late years by the Shakspere So-
ciety, and in Somers' ' Collection of Tracts.'
See'" ALL the World's a Stage."
Apolog-y for the Life of Mr. CoUey
Gibber, Comedian, and Late Paten-
tee of the Theatre Royal (An), " with
an Historical View of the Stage during his
Own Time, Written by Himself," and pub-
lished originally in 1740. This delightful
melange of gossip and criticism was re-
printed in 1740, in 1750, in 1756, in 1822
(edited by E. Bellchambers), in 1S26 (in
Hunt's series of autobiographies), and in
1S89 (edited, with notes and supplement,
by R. W. Lowe). It has been highly
praised by the best judges. Swift, it is
recorded, was so pleased with it that he sat
up all night to read it ; whereupon, on hear-
ing which, we read, Gibber shed tears of joy.
" You will allow," said Boswell to Dr. John-
son, "Gibber's 'Apology' to be well done.'"
" Very well done, to be sure, sir," replied the'
sage ;'" that book is a striking proof of the
justice of Pope's remark —
' Each might his several province well command.
Would all but stoop to what they understand.' "
Hazlitt describes Gibber as "one of thei
most amusing coxcombs . . . teeming with;
animal spirits, uniting the self-sufficiency-
of youth with the garrulity of age." The
narrative in the ' Apology ' begins with the
Restoration, and ends with Gibber's re-
tirement from the histrionic profession ir
1733.
Apostate (The); or, The Moors ir
Spain. A tragedy in five acts, by Richari
Sheil {q.v.) — the overture and incidenta"
music by Bishop— first performed at Govern
Garden on May 3, 1S17, Avith G. Kemble as
Hemeya, Miss O'Neill as Florinda, INIurra}
APOSTLES
APPIUS AND VIRGINIA
as Alvarez, Macreacly as Pescara (q.v.), and
Young as Malec. Macready, in his Diary,
says Young "acted admirably," Kemble
I was " spirited, chivalrous, and gallant," and
i Miss O'Neil " beautiful." Hemeya, a Moor,
is in love -with Florinda, the daughter of
' Alvarez, and having saved her life is pro-
; mised her hand. But the King of Spain
t decrees that no Moor shall marry a Chris-
tian under pain of death, and Hemeya,
for the sake of Florinda, becomes an apos-
tate to his religion. He fights with Pescara,
governor of Granada (who loves Florinda),
and is taken prisoner, whilst Florinda, to
save his life, marries Pescara. Hemeya is
rescued by Malec, another Moor ; Pescara is
killed, Florinda dies of the poison she has
taken, and Hemeya commits suicide. The
tragedy was first played in New York in 1817,
■With Mrs. Barnes as Florinda; it was
revived there in 1823, with Mrs. J. R. Duff
as Florinda, J. R. Duff as Malec, Maywood
as Pescara, and E. Simpson as Heineya ; in
1824 with Booth as Pescara and Conway as
Hemeya, and again with H. Wallack as
Pescara; also, at the Marylebone Theatre,
London, in 1852, with M'Kean Buchanan
in the title part. (2) ' The Apostate ; or,
Atlantis Destroyed : ' a tragedy in five acts,
by John Galt, printed in 1814.
Apostles (The) figure in the thirty-
ninth and fortieth pageants of the Coventry
plays ((/.v.). The Holy Spirit descends upon
them, and some Jews, observing its effect
upon them, imagine they are intoxicated.
"Muste in here brayn so sclyly doth crepe,
That thei chateryii and chateryn as they jays were."
" Muste " means " new wine." See Collier's
* Dramatic Poetry.'
Apothecary (The), in 'Romeo and
Juliet,' reappears in the burlesques of the
tragedy by Dowling and Halliday.
Apotheosis of Punch (The). A sa-
tirical masque, " with a INIonody on the
Death of the late Master Punch. Acted at
the Patagonian Theatre, Exeter 'Change."
This was an attempt to ridicule Sheridan's
monody on Garrick's death. It was printed
in 1779, and was attributed to Leonard
M'Nally.
"Apparel oft proclaims the man
(The)."—' Hamlet,' act i. sc. 3 {Polonius).
Apparition (The). (1) A comedy trans-
lated from the ' Mostellaria ' of Plautus, by
Richard Warner {q.v.), and printed in 1772.
(2) A musical romance in two acts, by J. C
Cross, first performed at the PLaymarket
Theatre on September 3, 1794, with a cast
mcludmg C. Kemble, Bannister, iun., Suett,
Johnstone, Mrs. Harlowe, and Miss De
Camp. (3) ' The Apparition ; or, The Sham
NNedding:' a comedy by "a gentleman of
Oxford," first performed at Drury Lane on
November 25, 1713, with Norris as Sir Tris-
tram Gettall, Pack as Plotwell, Keen as
Dawhwell, Booth as young Welford, Bowman
as old Welford, Spiller as Foist, and Mrs.
Mountfort as Aurelia. The "sham wed-
ding" is that of Sir Tristram to Aurelia;
she has already been espoused by young
Welford, and keeps Sir Tristram at a dis-
tance. The "apparition" is that of old
Welford to the knight, who has forged his
name to a deed. Plotwell assists Aurelia,
and Dawhwell aids Sir Trisfram throughout.
Appeal (The). An anonymous tragedy
in three acts, produced at Edinburgh in
1818, with Yates as Helgert, Mrs. Renaud
as Isbel, Mrs. H. Siddons as Ariette, and
Putnam as Ethelstane. Helgert, accused by
Isbel of the murder of her husband, in-
voluntarily confesses his gTiilt, on which
Ariette, who is betrothed to Ethelstane, son
of Helgert, " dies -without speaking." ' The
Appeal ' was altered from ' The Witness,' a
play printed in the ' Rejected Theatre.'
Appeal to the Muses (An); or,
Apollo's Decree. A dramatic and mu-
sical prelude, written by James Cawdell,
and performed at the opening of several pro-
vincial theatres, being produced at one of
them, in 1792, under the title of ' Apollo's
Holiday.'
Appeal to the Public (An), by John
OxENFORD {q.v.), was performed at New
York in 1S49. Felix Rosemary, in this play,
was in the repertory of Lester Wallack.
Appearance is Ag-ainst Them. A
farce by Mrs. lNCHBALD(g.i).), first performed
at Covent Garden on October 22, 1785, with
a cast including Quick, Edwin, and others.
The plot turns on the number of hands
through which the heroine's shawl passes.
Among the personce are Lord Lighthead,
Clownhy (a country gentleman). Fish (a
lady's maid). Miss Angle, Lady Loveall, and
Lady Mary Magpie. The piece was revived
in 1804, under the title of 'Mistake upoa
Mistake.'
Appearances. A comedy in two acts,
by J. Palgrave Simpson {q.v.), first per-
formed at the Strand Theatre, London, on
May 28, 1860, with J. Clarke as Montgomery
de Courcy Plantagenet Puf, H. J. Turner as
Mr. Carney Pillgild, Parselle as Vincent, W.
U. Swanborough as Florid, Poynter as Var-
nish, Miss E. Bufton as Mrs. Mowbray, Miss
Neville as Cecilia Vivid, Miss C. Saunders as
May Marigold, and Mrs. Selby as Mrs.
Janus.
"Appetite had grown by what it
fed on, As if increase of."—' Hamlet,'
act i. sc. 2.
Appiani. A character (1) in Thomp-
son's ' Emilia Galotti ' {q.v.) and (2) in
♦ The Woman of the People' {q.v.).
Appius, in Crisp's 'Virginia' {q.v.),
differs from the Appius of other dramatists
in that he offers marriage to Virginia. See
Appius and Virginia.
Appius and Virginia. The famous
story of which Appius, Virginia, and Vir-
ginius are the leading personages, has been
dramatized in the following works :— (1)
' Appius and Virginia : ' a " tragical comedy,"
by " R. B." [ ? Richard Bower], " wherein"
APPLAUD
6S
APPROBATION
\
(according to the title-page) "is lively ex-
pressed a rare example of the vertue of
Chastitie by Virginias constancy, in 'n-ish-
ing rather to be slaine at her o-v\Tie fathers
hands, than to be defloured by the wicked
judge Apius." This work, -which was printed
m 1575, is not divided into acts, and is, in
fact, less of a "tragical comedy" than of a
moral plav, being a singular combination of
history and allegory. (2) ' Appius and Vir-
ginia : ' a tragedy by John Webster (q.v.),
ascribed by Fleay to circa 1G09, printed in
1654, and described by HazUtt as "a good,
sensible, solid tragedy, cast in a framework
of the most approved models, with little_ to
blame or praise in it, except the affecting
speech of Virg-iniusio Firc^inmjust before he
kills her." The play was afterwards adapted
by Betterton, and produced at Lincoln's Inn
Fields in 1670, as ' The Roman Virgin ; or,
The Unjust Judge' {q.v.). Betterton was
Virginius, ilrs. Betterton Virginia, and
Harris Appius. Characters called Comfort,
Conscience, Doctrine, Reward, and Rumour
are introduced, and are employed to punish
Ajipius and console Virginia. There is also
a "vice" caUed Haphazard.^ who supplies
what may be called the comic element. As
specimens of the anachronisms in the work,
it may be mentioned that " Virginia and
her mother go to ' church,' and Virginius,
like a sound orthodox believer, explains the
creation of man and woman according to
the Book of Genesis." Virginius, at Vir-
ginia's own desire, strikes off her head and
presents it to Ajypius. (3) ' Appius and
Virginia : ' a tragedy by John Dennis (q.v.),
produced at Drury Laiie on February 5, 1709,
with Booth as Appius, INIrs. Rogers as Vir-
ginia, Betterton as Virginius, and Wilks as
Icilius. "It was," says Button Cook, "a
hopelessly dull tragedy, which not even the
united exertions of Booth, Wilks, and Bet-
terton could keep upon the stage for more
than four nights." It was into this play
that Dennis introduced a mode of producing
stage thunder by means of " troughs of
wood with stops' in them." " Whether,"
says a contemporary wi-iter, "Mr. Dennis
was the inventor of that improvement I
know not, but it is certain that, being once
at a tragedy of a new author, he fell into a
great passion at hearing some, and cried,
"Sdeath ! that is my thunder.'" See, also,
Dibdin's ' History of the Stage.' (4)
' Virginia ' iq.v.), by Henry Crisp (i754). (5)
' Appius : ' a tragedy by John Moncrief
{q.v.), performed at Covent Garden on March
6, 1755, with Sparks as Appius, Sheridan
as Virginius, and Mrs. Bellamy as Virginia.
The failure of this play was attributed by
the author to Sheridan, who had deprived
it of its fifth act. In this tragedy Appius
makes an unsuccessful attempt upon the
virtue of Camilla, Virginia's guardian, and
in the end takes poison. (6) 'Virginia'
\q.v.), bv Frances Brooke (1756). (7)
* Virginia ' {q.v.). by J. Bidlake (ISOO). (8)
' Virginius ; or. The FaU of the Decemviri '
(1S20). (9) ' Virginius' (q.v.), by J. SHERIDAN
Knowles ClS-20) ; and (10) ' Virginia' (q.v.),
by J. Howard Payne.
"Applaud th.ee to the very echo,
I ■would." — ' Macbeth,' act v. sc. 3.
Apple-Blossoms. A comedy by James
Albery (g.r.), first performed at the Vaude-
ville Theatre, London, on September 9, 1871,
with W.Farrenas Captain Penryn, LinRayne
as Tom Penryn, T. Thome as the Great
Baggs, D. James as Bob Prout, and Miss Amy
Fawsitt SiS Jenny Prout; played in the Eng-
lish provinces in 18S6, with Miss G. Warden
as Jenny, E. S. Gofton, M. M. Mellor, and J.
H. Rogers. Tom, the Captain's son, is in
love with Jenny, the young mistress of the
Apple Tree Inn ; but the "Captain opposes
the match, and Tom, disinherited, goes off
to sea. Meanwhile the Cap/tain, falling iU
at the inn, is so admirably nursed by Jenny
(whom he does not know as his son's sweet-
heart), that he determines to adopt her as
his daughter. In due course Tom returns,
and, after explanations, the lovers are made
happy. See Baggs the Great ; Prout,
Bob.
Appleby, Thomas Bilton. Actor ;
made his first appearance on the stage at
Dmidee in 1S66, his London debut taking
place in 1S74. He " created " the following,
among many parts : — Sadlove, in Boucicault's
' Elfie,' King Kokatoo in Burnand's bur-
lesque, the Governor in ' The Broken Branch,'
Rerny in ' The Woman of the People,' and
Matthew Lambert in ' Married, not Mated.'
He played Moses in ' The School for Scandal'
at the Strand Theatre, London, in 1SS6.
Appleface. A character in Jerrold's
' Catspaw' (q.v.).
Apples. A comedy in one act, by
Julian Sturgis (q.v.), performed at Lad-
broke Hall, London, on November 28, 1887.
"Apples even ripe below."— Beau-
mont and Fletcher, ' Valentinian' (song),
Appletree. A character in Farquhar's
'Recruiting Ofiicer' (q.v.).
Apprentice (The). A farce in two acts,
by Arthur Murphy (^7. 1-.), first performed at
Drury Lane on January 2, 1756, with Wood-
ward as Dick, and other parts by Yates,
Jefferson, and Miss Minors. The prologue
was by Garrick. " The intention of this
farce," says the ' Biographia Dramatica,' ",is
entirely to expose the absurd passion so
prevalent amongst apprentices, and other
young people, who assemble themselves . . .
under the title of Spouting Clubs," etc. It
was first played in Ameri'ca in 1768. Dick
was one of the parts of J. R. Duff.
Apprentice's Prize (The). A plav by
Richard Bro:me (q.v.) and Thomas Hey-
W'OOD (g.r.), entered on the books of the
Stationers' Company on April 8, 1654. " Must
date 1634, the only year in which these
authors wrote for the same company "
(Fleay).
Apprentices to Actors. See Actino
as a Profession.
"Approbation from Sir Hubert
APRIL DAY
ARANZA
Stanley is praise indeed."— Morton,
' Cure for the Heartache,' act v. sc. 2.
April Day. A burletta in three acts, by
K. O'Haka (q.v.), first performed at the Hay-
market on August 22, 1777, with Bannister as
Bon Buffalo, L)u Bellamy as Count Folatre,
and Edwin as Davo. Cephisa is in love -with
the Count, but bound by her father's will
to marry Buffalo, unless he consents to her
marrying some one else. Davo, tlie Count's
servant, personates an astrologer, and
persuades Buffalo that whosoever marries
Ce2)hisa first shall die. Tlie Don tliereupon
agi'ees to give way in favour of the Count,
and is then laughed at, as an April fool, for
his pains.
April Folly (An). A comedy in one act,
adapted (from a novelette) by J. P. HURST
(q.v.), and produced at the Olympic Theatre,
London, on April 6, 1885.
April Fool; or, The Follies of a
Nig-lit. A farce by Leonard M'NALLY(g.u.),
first performed at Covent Garden on April 1,
1786. The story was used by Johnson in
his 'Country Lasses,' Middleton in his
'Mad "World,' Bullock in 'The Slip,' and
Kenrick in ' The Spendthrift,' all of which
.see. (2) ' An April Fool : ' a farce in one act,
by W. Brough (q.v.) and A. Halliday (q.v.),
first performed at Drury Lane on April 11,
1864, with Miss Lydia Thompson as Diana
Oldbuck, and R. Roxby and G. Belraore in
other parts. See Davenport Done.
April Rain. A comedy in prologue and
two acts, by LEONARD S. Outram (q.v.),
performed at the Theatre Royal, Reading,
on May 10, 18S6.
April Showers. A comedy in three
acts, by F. Romer and G. S. Bellamy, first
Serformed at Terry's Theatre, London, on
anuary 24, 1889, with a cast including INIiss
M. Millett, Miss R. Norreys, W. Everard,
L. Waller, and A. Chevalier ; revived at the
Comedy Theatre in April, 1890, with Miss
M. Millet and W. Everard in their original
rdles, Nutcombe Gould, Reeves Smith, Miss
A. Hughes, Miss E. Brunton, etc.
April the First. King of Tomfoolery
in Planches ' Cymon and Iphigenia' (q.v.).
Actuariura Theatre. See London
Theatres.
Aquila, Serafino del'. A young poet
in Tom Taylor's ' Fool's Revenge ' (q.v.).
Arab (The). A tragedy by Richard
Cumberland (q.v.), first performed at Covent
Garden on March 8, 1785, with Henderson
as the Arab, Alcanor, and other parts
by Farren, Lewis, Wroughton, and JNIiss
Younge. Alcanor, Avho is in love with
Glaphyra, and believes himself to be the
son of Herod Agrippa, comes from Arabia
to Judfea to claim the throne ; but, dis-
covering that he is the son of Barzilla, that
Herodian is the real heir, and that Glaphyra
loves Herodian, he resigns the kingdom to
the last-named, and stabs himseK.
Arab Boy (The). A drama in which
Mdme. Celeste appeared successfully, both
in England and America.
Arabbo. A character in Reynolds'
•Caravan' (q.v.).
Arabella. The heiress in Knight's
'Honest Thieves' (g. v.).
Arabia Sitiens ; or, A Dream of
a Dry Year. A tragi-cnmedy by W.
Percy (160l), preserved in manuscript in
the Duke of Devonshire's library.
Arabian Nig-ht (An). (1) A comedy
adapted from Von Moser's ' Haroun al Ra-
schid' by AuGUSTiN iDaly (q.v.), and first
performed in New York in 1879, with Miss
Ada Rehan (Kate Spinlde), Miss Catherine
Lewis, C. Leclercq, and John Drew in the
cast. (2) ' The Arabian Nights : ' a comedy
adapted by Sydney Grundy from Von
Moser's work, and first performed at the
Globe Theatre, London, on November 5,
18S7, with W. S. Penley as Joshua Gilli-
irand and Miss Lottie Venne as Rosa Colom-
bier; produced at Daly's Theatre, New
York, in March, 1890, under the title of
' Haroun al Raschid and his ]Mother-in-
Law,' and with a cast including John Drew
and ;Mrs. Gilbert ; revived at the Comedy
Theatre, London, November 5, 1892. --
• Haroun Alraschid ' has also been adapted
under the title of ' The Skeleton' (q.v.).
Arable, Captain. Brother of Jack,
and son of Alderman, Arable, in F. REY-
NOLDS' 'Speculation' (q.v.).
Arac. Son of Kiyij Gama, in Gilbert
and Sullivan's ' Princess Ida' (q.v.).
Arajoon ; or, The Conquest of
Mysore. An Oriental drama in three
acts, by J. Stirling Coyne (q.v.), first per-
formed at the Adelphi Theatre, London,
October 22, 1838, with a cast including Mrs.
Yates, Yates, Saville, J. Webster, Lyon, and
Cullingford.
Aram, Eugrene. See Eugene Aram.
Araminta. (1) Wife of Moneytrap (q.v.),
and friend of Clarissa (q.v.), in Vanbrugh's
' Confederacy' (g.tj.). See Gripe. (2) Ara-
minta, in Congreve'S ' Old Bachelor' (q.v.),
is in love with Vainlove (q.v.). (3) Ara-
tninta, in Whitehead's ' School for Lovers'
(q.v.), is in love with Modely (q.v.).
Aramis. One of the "three musketeers"
in C. Rice's play of that name (q.v.) \ als»
figures in J. and H. Paulton'S 'Three
Musket-Dears ' (q.v.).
Aranza, Duke, in Tobin's 'Honey-
moon ' (q.v), is the husband of Juliana (q.v.).
Leigh Hunt said that in no character did
Elliston display his skill in dry humour
with such felicity as in this part, which
was "altogether his finest performance"
(' Critical Essays,' 1807). Of Edmund Kean's
Aranza Hazlitt said that it Avas "the least
brilliant of all his characters. It was Duke
and no Duke. It had severity without
dignity, and was deficient in ease, grace.
AEBACES
ARCHER
and gaiety. He played the feigned charac-
ter as if it -were a reality."
Art)aces. (1) King of Iberia, in Beau-
mont and Fletcher's ' King and No King '
(g.r.). '" Arbaces," says Hazlitt, " is painted
in gorgeous, but not alluring colours. His
vainglorious pretensions and impatience of
contradiction are admirably displayed. . . .
His pride of self-will and tierce impetuosity
are the same in "war and in love. The
haughty Toluptuousness and pampered
effeminacy of his character admit neither
respect for his misfortunes nor pity for his
errors." (2) Son of Artahanes, and in love
with Mandane, in Arxe's 'Artaxerxes'
{q.v.). (3) A sati-ap in BraON's ' Sardana-
palus' (g.r.). (4) First lord-in-waiting in
BURNA>D"s 'Dido' {q.v.). (5) ArMces is
a character in Bcckstoxe's ' Last Days of
Pompeii' (q.v.), Oxenford's adaptation of
the same story {q.v.), and Reece's burlesque,
' The Very Last Days of Pompeii ' {q.v.).
Arbitration; or, Free and Easy.
A farce in two acts, by F. Reynolds {q.v.),
first performed at Covent Garden on De-
cember 11, 1S06, with Lewis as Jack Fami-
liar, Blanchard as Sir Toby Tritely, Liston
as Chequer, and Mrs. Davenport as Lady
Litifiious. It was first played in Xew York
in 180S.
Arbuthnot, Jotm, M.D. See Three
Hours after Marrl\ge.
Aj:'cades. "An Entertainment presented
to the Countess-Dowager of Derby at Hare-
field by some noble persons of her Family,"
probably in 1633 or 1634. Of this masque,
which was written by ]MlLTOX, only three
songs and a speech by " the Genius of the
"Wood " have been preserved. The music was
probably written bv Lawes. See IMasson's
edition of r^Iilton's ' Works ' (1SS2).
Arcadia, The Conntess of Pem-
Taroke's. From this romance by Sir Philip
Sidney, "J. S." took his ' Andromana' (g.r.),
Shirley his 'Arcadia' {q.v.), Glapthorne his
'Argalus and Parthenia' {q.v.), Beaumont
andFletcher their ' Cupid's Revenge' {q.v.),
and X. Morgan his 'Philoclea' {q.v.). "It
was from ' Arcadia ' that Shakespeare de-
rived the names of some of his characters,
■such as Leonte.i, Antigonus,Cleomenes, Archi-
darnus, and Jlojysa."
Arcadia. (1) A pastoral play by James
Shirley {q.v.), presented at Court (Fleav
thinks) in 1632, and printed in 1G40. The
plot is founded on Sir P. Sidney's ' Arcadia'
Iq.v.). " In this play," says Dyce, " the chief
incidents in Sidney's famous romance are not
unskilfully dramatized." Basilim, Gynecia,
Pamela, Philoclea, Pyrocles, Musidorus,
UiiarchitS, Mojjsa, Pamelas, all figure in the
piece. (2) An operetta, words" by E. L.
Blanchard (7.t).), performed at the'Greciau
Theatre in 1S43, with INIiss H. Coveney in
the cast.
Arcadian Pastoral (The). A musical
piece in five acts, by L.vdy Craven (:Margi-a-
vine of Anspach), performed privately at the
Duke of Queensberry's, BurUngton Gardens,
in 17S2.
Arcadian Virg-in (The). A play by
William Haughion (q.v.) and Henry
Chettle {q.v.), acted in 1599.
Arcanes. Friend of Cassilane (q.v.), in
Beaumont and Fletcher's 'Laws of
Candy' {q.v.).
Archas. General of the Muscovites, in
Beaumont and Fletcher's ' Loyal Sub-
ject'(g.u.).
Archer. Actor, a native of Edinburgh,
who made his first appearance on the stage
at Dublin in 17S6, and his London debut
(after experience on the Scottish and Eng-
lish provincial stage) at Drury Lane in 1797,
as Shylock. See the ' Thespian Dictionary '
(1S05).
Archer, Francis. One of the beaux in
Farquhar's ' Beaux' Stratagem ' {q.v.), the
other being Viscount Aimivell {q.v.).
Archer, Frank. Actor, born at Wel-
lington, Shropshire : made his professional
debut at Nottingham, and, after engage-
ments at Manchester and Liverpool, first
appeared in London at tlie Prince of Wales's
Theatre in ]May. 1S72, as Dudley Smooth in
' Money.' He has played the following
" original" parts : — Julian Gray in CoUins's
' New :Magdalen,' Wilfred Gordon in Byron's
'Wrinkles,' Burchell in Wills's 'Olivia,'
Mephistopheles in Gilbert's ' Gretchen,' St.
Cyr in Lee's 'Branded,' CAorZes Wolverley
in W. Marston's 'Under Y'lre,' Sir Baldicin
Calvert in H. A. Jones's ' Hard Hit,' and
Algernon Beltravers in ' Christina.' His
other principal roles have been : Poli-
ccenes in 'The Winter's Tale' (Manchester,
1S69), Ajyemantus in ' Timon of Athens'
(Manchester, 1S71), Antonio in ' The Mer-
chant of Venice' (Manchester, 1S71), Clau-
dius in ' Hamlet ' (Crystal Palace, 1873), Lord
Ptarmigant in Robertson's ' Society ' (Prince
of Wales's Theatre, London, 1874)) Vane in
Reade's ' Masks and Faces ' (same theatre,
1875), Prince PerovsJnj in Robertson's 'Ours*
(same theatre, 1876), Dul-e de Gonzagues in
' Duke's Device ' (Olvmpic Theatre, London,
1876), Hamlet (Edinburgh, 1877), Count de
Liniere in The Two Oi-phans' (Olympic
Theatre, London, 1S7S), Joseph Surface in
'The School for Scandal' (Vaudeville The-
atre, London, 1SS2), Faulkland in 'The
Rivals' (same theatre. 18S2), Beauscant in
'The Lady of Lyons' (Lyceum Theatre,
London, 1SS3), Sir Geoffrey in ' Our Boys '
(Strand Theatre, London, 1SS4), and Fou'chi
in 'Secret Service' (Her Majesty's Theatre,
London. 1SS5). He is the author of a volume
entitled ' How to Write a Good Play' (1892).
Archer, John. Actor, bom in London,
1835 ; made his professional debut in 1849 ;
pei-formed for some years in the British
provinces, notably at Etlinburgh (1868) ; and
afterAvards became a member of the London
Lyceum company.
ARCHER
ARDEN OF FEVERSHAM
Arclier, Thomas. Actor and dramatist,
bom at Bath, 1789 ; died 1848 ; the son of
a watchmaker, and trained at Bath and Bir-
mingham ; made his debut at Drury Lane in
1823 as the King in ' 1 King Henry IV.' He
first appeared in America in 1827 at the
Bowery, New York, and opened Arch Street
Theatre, Philadelphia (with Maywood and
Walton) in 1830. He was afterwards a mem-
ber of ISIiss Smithson's English company at
Paris. After touring with his own troupe
in Belgium and Germany, he returned to
Drury Lane, appearing there in 1839, and at
Covent Gai'den in 1845. He was the original
of Opimius in Knowles's ' Caius Gracchus '
(1823), and of Gesler in the same -wi-iter's
• William Tell ' (1825). Among his other roles
were those of Polixenes, Bassanio, Claudio
('Measure for Measure'), Gloster ('Jane
Shore '), Harry Thunder (' Wild Oats '), and
Appius Claudius (' Virginius '). He was the
author of ' Asmodeus ; or, The Little Devil's
Share' (q.v.), 'Blood Royal' (q.v.), 'The
Black Doctor' (5-.?;.), 'The Daughter of the
Regiment ' (q.v.), ' Don Caesar de Bazan '
(q.v.), 'The Inundation' (q.v.), 'The King's
Ransom' (q.v.), 'Marguerite's Colours' (7. v.),
'Red Cap' (q.v.), 'Three Red Men' (q.v.),
and other pieces. Edward Stirling tells this
story of Archer: "Playing Ai)pius Clau-
dius in ' Virginius,' with his usual careless-
ness, seated in the forum, a book placed
under one of the gas-burners at the Aviiig
enabling him to read, one of his companions
wickedly turned the book upside down.
Archer 'began with sonorous declamation
addressing the assembled Roman people,
faltered for a word, cast his eyes on the
book, and perceived at once the joke that
had been perpetrated. A long pause en-
sued. Ap})ius Claudius had vanished from
his memory. Cato came to the rescue. De-
liberately he recited to the astonished
plebeians Cato's celebrated soliloquy, com-
mencing 'It must be so— Plato, thou
reasonest well,' to the end of the speech :
' I'm weary of conjectures ; this must end
'em; Lictors, follow me. Claudius [his
client], I'll hear more of this case to-
moiTow' (strutting off the stage pompously
in Roman fashion)." See Genest's ' History
of the Stage' (1832), 'Theatrical Times''
(1847), and Stirling's ' Drury Lane ' (1881).
Archer, Mrs. Thomas. American
actress ; a member of the company at the
Park Theatre, New York, in 1834. She
played Adrian in 'Rienzi' at Boston in
1829, Laertes at Baltimore in 1831.
Archer, "William, author and jour-
nalist, born 1856, has published (besides
magazine articles and prefaces to plays)
* English Analyses of the French Plays re-
presented at the Gaiety Theatre, London,
June and July, 1879, by the Coniedie Fran-
?aise ' (1879), ' English Dramatists of To-day '
(1SS2), ' Henry Irving, Actor and Manager '
(1883), ' About the Theatre,' essays and
studies (1886), ' :Masks or Faces? a Stndv in
the Psychology of Acting ' (1888), ' William
Charles Macready,' a memoir (1890), 'The
Theatrical "World"' (1893-97), and (with
R. W. Lowe) ' The Fashionable Tragedian '
(1877) ; has edited ' Henrik Ibsen's Prose
Dramas,' translated into English by himself
and others (1890-91) ; has translated Ibsen's
'When We Dead Awaken' (1903); is part-
author of translations of Ibsen's ' Peer
Gynt ' (q.v.) and ' The Master-Builder ' (q.v.) ;
has adapted Ibsen's ' Pillars of Society '
[see Quicksands) ; has translated Edward
Brandes' 'A Visit' (q.v.)\ was theatrical
critic of the London Figaro from ^lay, 1879,
to October, 1881, and has written the dra-
matic notices of the World since March, 1884.
Archers (The); or, The Moun-
taineers of Switzerland. An opera in
three acts, founded by W. Dunlap (q.v.)
on the play called ' Helvetic Liberty ' (q.v.) ;
performed and printed at New York in 1796 ;
also called ' William Tell ; or. The Archers."
Archie Lovell . A drama in four acts,
adapted by F. C. Burnaxd (q.v.) from the
novel of the same name by 3Irs. Edwardes,
and first performed at the Royalty Theatre,
London, on May 16, 1874, with':Miss H. Hod-
son a9 the heroine, Miss E. Thorne, Miss
Maggie Brennan, G. Rignold, and T. B.
Bannister in the cast.
Archipropheta, sive Joannes
Baptista. A Latin tragedy by Nicholas
Grimald (q.v.), written in 1547, and pro-
bably acted at Oxford in the same year.
Architect (An) figures in Planche's
' Birds of Aristophanes.'
Archon, in Dryden's 'Albion and Al-
banius' (q.v.), is intended for General ]Monk.
Arden, Eliza. Actress ; was the original
Lcttij in 'Tlie Writing on the Shutters'
(1855), Fatima in ' Asmodeus ' (1859), and
Hardress Cregan in Byron's 'Miss Eily
O'Connor ' (1861). She was also in the first
cast of Fitzball's ' Widow's Wedding ' (q.v.),
and appeared in revivals of Smith's ' Valen-
tine and Orson ' (1855), Haines's ' Poll and
my Partner Joe ' (1857), and Planche's ' In-
visible Prince ' (1859).
Arden, H. T. The nam de tMdtre
adopted by Henry Thomas Arnold (q.v.).
Arden of Feversham. (1) A play by
an unknown writer, first printed in 1592 under
the full title of ' ' The lamentable and true
Tragedie of ]M. Arden of Feversham, in
Kent, who was most wickedlye murdered, by
the means of his disloyall and wanton wyfe,
Avho, for the love she bare to one Mosbie,
hyred two'desperat ruffins, Blackwill and
Shakbag, to kill him. Wherein is shewed
the gi'eat malice and discimulation of a
M'icked woman, the unsatiable desire of fil-
thie lust and the shamefull end of all
murderers." This drama, which Fleay is
inclined to ascribe to 1585, and which, he
thinks, " there is some ground for attri-
buting to Kyd " (q.v.), was founded on the
details of a crime actually committed at
Feversham in 1550, and referred to in the
Privy Coimcil Register for 1551, where
"Arden" is spelled " Arderne." In 1578
had appeared a play called 'Murderous
ARDEN
ARGALUS AND PARTHENIA
Michael,' which apparently dramatized the
murder, and to which ' Arden of Feversham '
may owe something. The latter work was
reprinted in 1599, 1633, and 1770,— in the
last-named year with a preface in which
the editor, Jacob, strongly urged the claims
of Shakespeare to the authorship. Those
claims, which have been regarded some-
what favourably by A. C. Swinburne (see his
• Study of Shakespeare,' 18S0), are rejected
by the latest editor of the play, A. H.
Bullen (1887), who, however, says " it is in
the highest degree probable that 'Arden*
was one of the plays which received cor-
rection and revision from Shakespeare's
hand." The Quarterly Review says of the
unknown writer that, *' whoever he was,
he not only possessed incomparably the
greatest purely dramatic genius which had
revealed itself in tragedy anterior to the
period of Shakespeare's mature activity, but
he exercised, in conjunction with the writers
of the school of which he was the represen-
tative, a very marked influence on the deve-
lopment of popular tragedy " (October, 1885).
Donne, in his ' Essay' on the subject (1873),
points out that the work is ' ' one of the
comparatively few plays of the sixteenth
century of which the plot and action are
founded upon English life and manners."
See the criticisms by Hazlitt and by Lamb
(' English Dramatic JPoets ') ; also Symonds's
' Shakespeare's Predecessors' (lSS-4). ' Arden
of Feversham ' was ti'anslated into German
in 1823 (by Tieck), and again in 1840. (2) A
play, founded by George Lillo (g.u.) on
that of 1592 ; left unfinished by him, com-
pleted by Dr. John Hoadly, and first per-
formed at Drury Lane on July 19, 1759, with
Havard as Arden, Bransby as Moshy, Packer
as Green, Phillips as Black Will, Vaughan as
Shakehag, Wignell as Michael, Maria by Miss
Barton, and Alicia by "a young gentle-
woman." In this play, Alice, wife of Arden,
loves Mosby, and putspoison in her husband's
broth; but ^rrfe/i dislikes the taste of the
broth, and does not swallow it. Michael,
Arden's servant, then plots with Black Will
and Shakehag (hired by Green, an enemy of
Arden's) to murder Arden on his way home
from London ; but their plan is frustrated,
and eventually Arden is killed in his own
house. Genest remarks that " Lillo has
softened the character of Alicia," and that
''Mosby takes a more leading: part in the
murder than he does in the old play. Lillo,"
he adds, " has borrowed a considerable part
of the dialogue." The play (reduced to three
acts) was revived at Covent Garden on April
14, 1790, probably with Holraan as Arden,
Harley as Mosby, and IMrs. Pope as Alicia.
It was performed at Sadler's Wells in 1852.
Arden, The Forest of. The locale of
most of the scenes in 'As You Like It'
(q.v.). "We are here transported," says
Gervinus, " to a romantic Ardenia into wiiich
the forest of Arden is metamorphosed.
Shakespeare met with this in the tale which
furnished him with the material for his
play ; lions were from thence brought to
France, and our poet added serpents and
palm trees." We think of the forest, say*
Grant White, " without giving it locality.
. . . There shepherds, and Court-fools, and
English hedge-priests, and lions, and gilded
serpents, and palm trees, were joined to-
gether without the slightest seeming incon-
gruity." Charles Lamb, in his prologue to-
Coleridge's ' Remorse' (q.v.), alludes to
" The forest walks of Arden's fair domain,
■\Vhere Jaques fed his soUtary vein."
The French forest of Arden lies near the-
river Mouse, between Charlemont and Ro-
croy. Spenser, in his ' Colin Clout,' speaks
of it as '' famous Ardeyn."
Ardenne, Poynet. The "charcoal-
burner " in G. AlmaPv's drama of that name
iq.V.).
Ardent. A character in J. T. Alltng-
iiam's 'Hearts of Oak.' There is (2) an-
Alfred Ardent in H. Wigan's ' Charming
Woman ' (q.v.), (3) an Arnold Ardent (" a.
man of mind and merit") in T. E. Wilks's
' My Valet and I ' (q.v.), (4) a Percy Ardent
in Boucicault's 'Irish Heiress' (q.v.), and
(5) a Sir Edicard Ardent in DA^■CE's * Morn-
ing Call' (q.v.).
Ardenton, Eliza. The heroine of
Bayle Bernard's ' Dumb Belle ' (q.v.).
Ardinelle. Protectress of Ali Baba in
G. COLMAX junior's ' Forty Thieves ' (q.v.).
Ardourly. (1) Harriet Ardourly is a.
character in Edward Stirling's 'Nice
Young Ladies ' (q.v.), and (2) there is a Jack
Ardourly in W, T, MONCRIEFF'S ' Monsieur
Tonson' (q.v.).
Area Belle (The). Afarceby W. Brough
(q.v.) and A. HALLiDAY(g.tO., first performed
at the Adelphi Theatre, London, on March 7,
1864, with J. L. Toole as Pitcher, a police-
man ; Paul Bedford as Tosser, a soldier ; R.
Romer as Walker Chalkes, a mUkman ; and
Mrs. Alfred INIelion as Penelope, "the area
belle," with whom the three men are in
love ; at the Bowery, New York, in August
1864, with G. L. Fox as Pitcher and Mrs.
H. Chapman as Penelope. The song of
'A Norrible Tale,' written by E. L. Blan-
chard, was sung by Toole as Pitcher. In
1889, ' The Area Belle ' was turned into
an operetta, under the title of ' Penelope,'
the lyrics being WTitten by G. P. Hawtrey,
and the music composed by Edward Solomon
(q.v.). The piece was produced at the
Comedy Tneatre, with Dan Leno as Pitcher,
Rutland Barrington as Tosser, G. P. Hawtrey
as Walker Chalkes, and Miss K. Everleigh-
as Penelope.
Arethusa. (1) Daughter of the Kin^
of Messina in BEAUMONT and Fletcher's
'Philaster' (q.v.). (2) A njTnph of Diana
in W. Brough's ' Endymion' (q.v.). (3) A
character in SiMS'S 'Member for Slocum'
(q.v.).
Arg-alus and Parthenia. A tragi- '
comedy by Henry Glapthorne (q.v.), acted,
at Court and the Cockpit, probably in 1638»
ARGENTILE AND CURAN
AEIMANES
and printed in 1639. The plot is founded
on the story of the two lovers in Sir P.
Sidney's 'Arcadia.' Amphialus, Bemagorgas,
and the Queen of Corinth, figTire in the piece.
Pepys, who saw it three times in 1(560-1,
speaks of it with some favour.
Argentile and Curan. A le,2:endary
drama in five acts and verse, by William
Mason ((/.f.), founded on Warner's 'Albion's
England,' and first printed in 1797. The
molto is from Beaumont and Fletcher's
prologue to ' The Captain '—
" This is nor comedy, nor tragedy,
Nor bistorj."
Argentine. A character in B. Web-
ster's ' Wonderful Water Cure ' (jq.v.).
Arg-us. A character in 'The Barber
of Seville' (1818) {q.v.). (2) Argus, the
Brilliant-eyed, is "King of the Peacocks,"
in Planche's fairy extravaganza so named
{q.v.).
Argryle (The Duke of). A character
in various dramatizations of * The Heart of
Midlothian' {q.v.).
Ariadne. The central figure of (1") ' Ari-
adne ; or. The Marriage of Bacchus : ' an
opera by "P. P.," acted at Covent Garden
" by the gentlemen of the Academy of
Music," and printed in 1674. (2) ' Ariadne ;
or. The Triumph of Bacchus : ' an opera in
three acts, by Thomas D'Urfey {q.v.), un-
acted, but printed in 1721 in a collection of
poems. (3) ' Ariadne : ' a dramatic poem
in five acts, bv Albany Wallace, printed
in 1S26. (4) A play by Corneille {q.v.),
adapted by J. Oxenford {q.v.), and first
performed at the Princess's Theatre, Lon-
don, on January 28, 1850, with Mrs. Mow-
att as the heroine. Miss Fanny Vining
as Phcedra, Davenport as Theseus, and J.
Ryder as G^narus. The author " has altered
the locale, and given a denouemen t of his own,
making Ariadne drown herself as Sappho
did, by jumping from a clitf." (5) A bur-
lesque by Vincent Amcoxts {q.v.).— Ariadne
also appears in Burnand's 'Theseus and
Ariadne' {q.v.), and other classical bur-
lesques.
Ariadne. A character in Murphy's
* Rival Sisters ' {q.v.).
Ariane. A drama in four acts, founded
by j\Irs. Campbell Praed {q.v.) on her novel
entitled, 'The Bond of Wedlock,' and first
performed at the Opera Comique Theatre,
London, on February 8, 18SS, with Mrs.
Bernard Beere as the heroine, H. Neville as
her husband {Henry Lomax), Leonard Boyne
as her lover {Sir Leopold d'Acosta), C. Marius
as her father {Chevalier de Valence), Miss
Laura Linden as an adventuress {Babette
Steinbock), etc. ; produced in New York, with
Mrs. Beere in the title part, in November,
1892. See Airey Annie.
Aribert. King of the Lombards, in
Davenant's 'GoncUbert' (^-.t;.); father of
Rhodalind {q.v.).
Ariel. (1) An airy spirit in Sh.\.kespeare'S
' Tempest ' {q.v.). He first appears in act i.
sc. 2. He sings "Come unto these yellovs'
sands" and "Full fathom five my father
lies," in act i. sc. 2, and " Where'the bee
sucks, there suck I," in act v. sc. 1. "It is
evident," says Gervinus, "that Shakespeare
intended to give to Frospero's favourite
messenger the united power of all elemental
spirits. At one time he appears as a sea-
nymph, swimming and careering on the sea ;
then as a fire-spirit who sets the ship on fire,
and climbs like licking flame up the mast ;
then as a spirit of earth, buried for Prosj^ro
in the frozen veins of the earth ; his ruling
nature, however, as his name implies, is that
of a sylph, a spirit of the air. . . . He was
formerly in the service of the witch Sycorax,
for whose ' earthly and abhorred com-
mands ' he was too delicate ; he slighted
her behests, and she confined him, ' by help
of her more potent ministers,' in a cloven
pine ; . . . but, after twelve years' painful
imprisonment, Prospiero's magic power set
him free. For this benefit, the restoration
of freedom, the highest Ariel knew, he gave
to Prospero a service more suited to his
gentle nature " (' Shakespeare's Characters ').
"Shakespeare," says Hazlitt, "has, as it
were by design, drawn off from Caliban the
elements of whatever is ethereal and re-
fined, to compound them in the unearthly
mould of Ariel. Nothing was ever more
finely conceived than this contrast between
the material and the spiritual, the gross
and delicate. Ariel is imaginary power, the
swiftness of thought personified. When
told to make good speed by Prospero, he
says, ' I drink the air before me.' This is
something like Puck's boast on a similar
occasion, ' I'll put a girdle round about the
earth in forty minutes.' But Ariel differs
from Puck in having a fellow-feeling in the
interests of those he is employed about."
Longfellow tells us how
" Ariel in tlie cloven pine tree
For freedom
Groans and jiyhs."
Ariel is the "magic page from Shakespeare'^
magic volume," in the Brothers Brough'S
'Enchanted Isle' {q.v.). See, also, Bur-
nand's ' Ariel.' (2) Spirit of the ether in
Lord Byron's ' Manfred ' {q.v.). (3) Spirit
of the air in Planche's 'Vampire' {q.v.).
(4) A character in J. Oxenford's ' Rape of
the Lock' {q.v.)
Ariel. A burlesque drama by F. C BuR-
NAND {q.v.), first performed at the Gaiety
Theatre, London, on October 8, 1883, with
Miss E. Farren in the title part, Miss C.
Gilchrist as Miranda, Miss P. Broughton as-
Ferdinand, W. Elton as Caliban, and H.
Monkhouse as Prospero.
Arietta. A character in Planche and
Dance's ' Puss in Boots' {q.v.).
Ariette, in 'The Appeal' {q.v.), is be-
trothed to Ethelstane.
Arimanes. Ruler of the evil agencies
in Lord Byron's ' Manfred ' {q.v.).
ARINETTE
74
AELINE
Arinette. A character in 'The Little
Jockey.'
Ariodante and Genevora. An anony-
mous play, " shewed before her Majestie on
Shrove Tuesdaie," 15S2, by " Mr. Mulcasters
children," and probably founded on ' The
History of Ariodanto and Jeneura,' trans-
lated from Ariosto by Peter Beverley, and
published shortly before the play was acted.
Ariomaiia,inDow>-ES' 'All Vows Kept'
{q.v.), manies Trivoltio (q.v.).
Arion ; or, The Story of a Lyre.
A burlesque bv F. C. Burn and (q.v.), first
performed at the Strand Theatre, London,
on December 20, 1S71, "with a cast including
E. Terry, H. Paulton, ]NIrs. Raymond, :Miss
A. Thomson (Arion), Miss Topsy Venn, and
Miss R. Cullen.
Arion; or, A Leap for Life. See
Plo w:\iAN, T. F.
Aristaeus. A "sporting party " in H. J.
Byron's ' Orpheus and Eurydice ' (q.v.).
Aristides. A "jocular revolutionist
citizen" in INIerivale's 'Son of the SoU'
(q.v.).
Aristippus ; or, Tlie Jovial Philo-
sopher. A drama in one act, by Thomas
Randolph ('7.r-.), " demonstrativelieproveing
that ciuartes, pointes, and pottles, are some-
times necessary authors in a scholar's li-
brary," and " presented in a private shew."
The scene Uesm the University of Cambridge.
' ' The piece contains a considerable degTee
of humour." It was first printed in 1630.
rfo
Howard (-^.r.), first performed at Palmer's
Theatre, New York, on November 14, 1892,
with a cast including Miss Viola Allen, F.
Bond, J. '.v. Piggott.^etc.
Aristocratic Alliance (An). A
comedv in three acts, founded by Lady
Greville (q.v.) on Augiers ' Le Gendre de
M. Poirier' (q.v.), and first performed at the
Criterion Theatre, London, on March 31,
1S94, A\-ith a cast including C. Wyndham,
C. Groves, H. de Lange, J. G. Taylor, F.
"Worthing, Miss M. Moore, Miss A. Hughes,
and Miss E. Fowler.
Aristodemus. (1) A monodrama printed
in 'The Poetical Register' (1S02). (2) A
tragedy in prose, translated by Favelli from
the Italian of Monti, who had founded it
on tlie fourth book of Pausanias. It was
printed in li09.
Aristomenes; or, The Royal
Shepherd. A tragedy by Anne, Countess
of WiNCHELSEA ; not acted, but printed in
1713.
Aristophanes. Tlie complete works of
this ffi'eat comic wi-iter have been trans-
lated^ into English bv Mitchell (lSOO-2),
Hickie (1S53), and Rudd (1SG7). See Birds ;
Clouds ; Frogs ; Plutus ; Wasps.
Aristophanes, The Eng-lish. A title
given to Samuel Foote, the actor and dra-
matist (q.v.). " Foote," writes Genest, " has
been often called the modern Aristophanes,
but not ^vith strict propriety ; for though he
was entitled to that appellation from his
wit, and though, like Aristophanes, he did
not care what he said or whom he attacked
to raise a laugh, Foote brought on the stage
real persons under fictitious names, Aristo-
phanes real persons -with their real names."
Arkansas Traveller (The). A play
bv Spencer, first performed at New York
about 1871, with F. S. Chanfrau as Kit.
" The play itself," says Brander Matthews,
" is not remarkable, but in Kit we have a
vivid and vigorous presentation of a simple
and manly nature." Kit's wife and child
are stolen from him, and he thereupon
devotes himself to the destruction of the
man by whom he has been robbed.
Ark-wrig-ht's "Wife. A drama by ToM
Taylor (q.v.) and John Saunders (q.v.),
founded on the latter's novel, ' A Lion in the
Path,' and first performed at the Theatre
Royal, Leeds, in July, 1373, with C. Kelly as
Ar'ku-right, Steele Mackaye as Peter Hayes,
H. Ferrand as Hilkiah Larcson, and Miss
Helen Barry as Margaret Hayes; produced
at the Globe Theatre, London, in October
of the same year, with C. Kelly and Miss
Helen Barry in their original parts, Emery as
Peter Hayes, E. W. Garden as Hilkiah Laiv-
son, and Miss Daly as Nancy Hyde ; played at
the Prince's Theatre, London, on July IC, 1SS3,
for the benefit of C. Kelly, who assumed
his original role; revived at the Prince of
Wales's Theatre, London, on the afternoon
of February 14, ISSS, with E. S. Willard as
Peter Hayes and with INIiss Barry and H.
Ferrand in their original parts. Arkwright,
whilst trading as a barber, secretly invents
and completes a spinning-machine, which
Margaret, instigated by her father Peter,
destroys. Her husband, indignant at her
conduct, casts her off, and in due course
rises to eminence and becomes Sir Richard.
Margaret, who by-and-by returns, is enabled
on one occasion "to save her husband's pro-
perty from the mob, and so secures a for-
giveness which ends in happy reconciliation.
Arlequin. A character in Planche's
' Love and Fortime ' (q.v.).
Arlesienne (L'). See Love that
Kills.
Arline. The heroine of Balfe's 'Bo-
hemian Girl' (q.v.). She figures in, and
gives the title to, the following burlesques
of the opera :— (I) ' Arline ; or. The Fortunes
and Vicissitudes of a Bohemian Girl,' by
the Brothers Brough, first performed at the
Haymarket in April, 1351, with ]Miss Annie
Roiner as Arline, Miss P. Horton as Thad-
deus. Bland as Arnheim, Buckstone as
Dedlshoof, H. Bedford as the Gii)sy Man,
and INIrs. L. S. Buckingham as Florcstine.
(2) ' Arline, the Lost Child ; or. The Pole,
the Policeman, and the Polar Bear,' by H.
Belltngham (q.v.) and W. BEST (q.v.), first
performed at Sadler's "Wells, London, on
July 23, 1SG4:.—A7-Iine is also the chief cha-
ARM
75
ARMOURER
racter in AV. S. Gilbert's ' Merry Zingara '
(q.v.)SLnd H. J. Byron's 'Bohemian Gyurl'
iq.v.).
"Arm, arm* arm> arm ! the scouts
are all come in." First line of a song in
Fletcher's ' Mad Lover' (q.v.)—
" Keep your ranks close, and now your honours win."
Arm.ada, The. " A romance of 158S,"
in tive acts, written by H. Hamilton and A.
Harris, and first performed at Drury Lane
Theatre, London, on September 22, 1388,
with Leonard Boyne as the hero, Miss AVini-
fred Emery as the heroine, Luigi Lablache
as the "villain" (a Spanish don), Miss A.
Neilson as Queen Elizabeth, and other rOles
by Miss E. Brnce, Miss K. James, Miss M,
Milton (as Fame), etc. In one of the scenes,
Seymour Lucas's picture, ' The Game of
Bowls on Plymouth Hoe,' was realized.
Armadale. A play by Olive Logan,
adapted from the novel of the same name
by Wilkie Collins, and first performed at
the Broadway Theatre, New York, in De-
cember, 1S66, with Miss Kate Reignolds as
Misis Givilt. The hero of this play, Allan
Armadale, is aiso the hero of Wilkie
Collins's dramatization of his own story —
'Miss Gwilt' (g.v.).
Armadillo. A valet in Bayle Ber-
nard's ' Maiden's Fame ' iq.v.).
Armado, Don Adrianode. A "fan-
tastical Spaniard " in ' Love's Labour's Lost '
{q.v.), said to have been intended as a por-
trait of John Florio, the philologist and
lexicographer. His well-known dialogues
with Moth are in act i. sc. 2, act iii. sc. 1.
Armado also appears in act v. sc. 1. Boyet
says of him (act iv. sc. 1)—
"This Armado is a, Spaniard, that keeps here in court ;
A phantasm, a Monarcho, and one that makes sport
To the prince, and his book-mates."
The allusion in ' IMonarcho ' is to an Italian
lunatic who believed himself sovereign of
the world.
Armand. (1) Chevalier de Yaudray, in
OXENFORD's ' Two Orphans ' {q.v.) ; in "love
with Ilenriette (q.v.). A character in (2)
Stirling Coyne's ' Old Chateau' (5. t\), and
(3) the drama of ' The Violet ' (q.v.).
Armand ; or, The Peer and the
Peasant. A play in five acts, by Anna
Cora Mowatt (q.v.), first performed at the
Park Theatre, NeAV York, on September 27,
1847, with Davenport as the hero and the
authoress as the heroine (Blanche) ; first
played in London at the Marylebone Theatre
on June IS, 1849, with Davenport and Mrs.
Mowatt in their original parts, H. T. Craven
as Louis XV., J. Johnstone as Richelieu,
J. W. Ray as Duke D'Antin, and Miss M.
Oliver as Jaqueline.
Armg-art. A dramatic poem by ;Mary
Anne Cross (George Eliot), published in
1874.
Armin, Robert. Actor and dramatist.
born circa 1568, died circa 1611 ; apprenticed
to a goldsmith, but afterwards pvotini and
pupil of Richard Tarlton, the actor (q.v.). In
Tarlton's ' Jests and News out of Purgatory '
(1611), Armin is called Tarlton's "adopted
son." He appears to have made his debut
at the Globe. "He is believed to have
joined the lord chamberlain's players in
1598, and to have accompanied them to
Scotland in the following year." It is also
thought that he played the part of Dogberry
in succession to its first representative,
"VViUiam Kemp (q.v.). In 1603 he figured
among the actors to whom James I. granted
his patent. In 1610 he was a member of the
original cast of ' The Alchemist' (q.v.). He
also played Mat. Flower dale in 'The London
Prodigal' (q.v.). In 1609 he published his
play entitled, 'The Two :Maids of More
Clacke' (q.v.). 'The Valiant Welshman'
(q.v.) is also attributed to him. In John
Davies' ' Scourge of Folly,' Armin is charac-
terized as " honest " and" gamesome," testi-
mony being given to both his private and
his public worth. See Langbaine's ' Account
of the English Dramatic Poets' (1691),
Payne Collier's ' Principal Actors in the Plays
of Shakespeare' (1846), 'Dictionary of Na-
tional Biography ' (1885), and Fleay's ' Bio-
graphical Chronicle of tlae English Drama '
(1891).
Arminius. A tragedy by William
Paterson, "cast" for performance, but
not acted (1739-40). Paterson, as James
Thomson's amanuensis, " had copied out his
principal's 'Edward and Eleanora' (q.v),
and, as 'Arminius ' was in the sam« hand,
it was forbidden, as being probably an
equally objectionable piece by the same
author ! The proliibition applied to Paterson
was profitable, for he published his play by
.subscription, and gained £1000 by it, not for
the reason that it was a good, but because
it was a forbidden, drama" (Doran). (2)
' Arminius ; or, The Champion of Liberty : '
a tragedy by Arthur Murphy (q.v.),
printed in 1798, but not acted.
Armistice (The). Aplayby J. Howard
Payne (q.v.), first performed at the Surrey
Theatre in July, 1822, with John Reeve as
Peter Smink (q.v.), and INIdme. Vestris as
Ninette. The part of Peter was a favourite
with J. B. Buckstone (q.v.). Of late years
the piece has been played under the name
of 'Peter Smink.'
Armorel of Lyonesse ; or. The
Cleverest ISdan in Town. A play
adapted from Walter Besant's novel so-
named, by W. Heron Browne and S.
Boyle Lawrence, Opera Comique, London,
December 30, 1890.
Armourer (The). (1) An opera, words
by Richard Cumberland (q.v.) and music
by Warner, first performed at Covent Gar-
den on April 4, 1793, with a cast including
Quick, IMunden, Incledon, Blanchard, FaM--
cett, Harley, Johnstone, Mrs. Martyr, and
Mrs. Harlowe. ' The Armourer ' was founded
on a comic opera which Cumberland had
written on the subject of Wat Tyler. The
ARMOURER OF NANTES
ARNOLD
licenser objected to the work, however, and
the author accordingly remodelled it. (2)
An historical drama, by R. DODSOX, Bri-
tannia Theatre, London, 'March, 1876.
Armourer of Nantes (The). An opera
in three acts, libretto (founded on Victor
Hugo's ' Marie Tudor ') by J. V. Bridgeman,
music by M. W. Balfe, first performed at
Covent Garden Theatre, London, on Feb-
ruary 12, 1863.
Armourer's Daug-liter (The). A
fairy extravaganza by H. T. Arden {q.v.),
first performed at Cremorne on August 11,
1866, witii W, Corri as Giles and Miss C.
Parkes as Mark.
Armourer's Escape (The) ; or,
Three Years at Nootka Sound. A
melodramatic sketch in two acts, by J. N.
Barker {q.v.), founded on fact, and first
performed at Philadelphia in March, 1817.
Armroyd, Job and Nell. Characters
in Watts Phillips' ' Lost in London ' {q.v).
Arms and the Man. A "romantic
comedy " in three acts, by G. Bernard Shaw
{q.v.), first performed at the Avenue Theatre,
London, on April 21, 1894, with a cast in-
cluding Miss Alma Murray, Miss F. Farr,
Mrs. C. Calvert, Yorke Stephens, B. Gould,
and J. Welch.
Armstrong-. A character in Coljlvn's
•Iron Chest ' {q.v.).
Armstrong-, John. Physician, drama-
tist, and poet, born at Castleton, Roxburgh-
shire, ajbout 1709, died September, 1779 ;
author of ' The Forced Marriage,' a tragedy
(printed 1770).
Armstrong- the Shipwrig-ht. A
play by J. T. Haines {q.v.).
Armusia. One of the heroes of Flet-
cher's ' Island Princess ' {q.v.), in love with
Quisara {q.v.).
Army of the North (The). A melo-
drama by J. R. Planche {q.v.), produced at
Covent Garden Theatre, London, on October
29, 1831, with :Miss Taylor (Mrs. Walter Lacy)
in the prmcipal female part.
Armytag-e, Clifford and Harold.
Characters in SiMS's ' Lights o' London '
{q.v.).
Arnaud. (1) A Norman minstrel in R.
Lac/'S ' Robert the Devil ' {q.v.). (2) A
character in J. T. Haines' ' Idiot Witness '
{q.v.).
Arncliffe, Sir Harry. The husband
in Tom Taylor's ' Unequal Match ' {q.v.).
Arne, Michael. Composer (born 1741,
died about 1806) ; son of T. A. Arne {q.v.) ;
wrote the music for the following pieces
{q.v.):— 'The Fairy Tale' (1763), 'Hymen'
(1764), ' Almena' (1764), 'Cymon' (1767), 'The
Fathers' (1778), 'The Belle's Stratagem'
(1780), 'The Choice of Harlequin' (1781),
'The Positive jNIan' (1782), and 'Tristram
Shandy' (1783).
Arne, Miss. Daughter of Michael Arne
(q.v.), and vocalist ; made her first appear-
ance at Drury Lane in 1795 as PoUy in ' The-
Beggar's Opera' {q.v.).
Arne, Thomas Aug-ustine, Mus,
Doc. Composer (bom 1710, died 1778) ; the
librettist as well as composer of ' Artaxerxes '
(1762), ' The Guardian Outwitted ' (1764),.
' The Rose ' (1773), ' The Contest of Beauty
and Virtue' (1773), ' A Pasticcio ' (1773), and
' Phoebe at Court ' (1776) ; also the reputed
author and composer of ' Don Saverio ' (1750),
and ' The Cooper ' (1772)— all of which see.
Dr. Arne wrote the music for the following
dramatic pieces {q.v.) :—' Rosamond' (1733),
'The Opera of Operas' (1733), 'Dido and
^neas ' (1734), ' The Fall of Phaeton ' (1736),,
' Zara ' (1736), ' Comus ' (1738), ' The Judgment
of Paris ' (1740), ' Alfred' (1740), ' The Blind
Beggar of Bethnal Green ' (1741), ' Britannia '
(1743), 'Eliza' (1743), 'Thomas and Sallv'
(1743), 'The Temple of Dullness' (1745),,
' King Pepin's Campaign ' (1745), ' Neptune
and Amphitrite' (1746), 'The Prophetess'
(1759), ' The Sultan ' (1759), ' Olvmpiade '
(1765), 'The Ladies' Frolic' (1770), 'the Fairy
Prince ' (1771), ' Elfrida ' (1772), ' Achilles in
Petticoats ' (1773), ' May Day ' (1775), and
' Caractacus' (1776). He at various times
wi-ote incidental music for ' As You Like It '
(1740), 'Twelfth Night '(1741), 'The Merchant
of Venice' (1742), 'The Tempest' (1746),
' Romeo and Juliet ' (1750), ' Love in a Vil-
lage ' (1762), ' King Arthur ' (1770), ' The,
Tender Husband,' ' The Rehearsal,' ' The
Rival Queens,' etc. Dr. Arne was appointed
composer to Drury Lane in 1738, retained
the post till 1742, and was reappointed to
it in 1744. He was the brother of Mrs.
Cibber {q.v.), and the father of Michael Arne-
{q.v.). See Catgut, Dr. ; also, Grove's
' Dictionary of Music and Musicians ' (1879),,
and ' Dictionary of National Biography '
(1885). See Abel ; Judith.
Arnheim. A character in Lord Byron's
' Werner ' {q.v.). (2) Count Arnhehn is one of
the personce in ' The Bohemian Girl ' {q.v.).
Arnold. Son of Bertha, and deformed,,
in Lord Byron's ' Deformed Transformed*"
{q.v.).
Arnold. The name of the author of a.
piece called ' The Secret ; or, Nothing' (1807).
Arnold, Charles. Actor and vocalist,
born at Lucerne, 1854 ; joined the stage in.
1872, and, after two seasons at New York,
had several years' experience in Canada
(1874) and at San Francisco (1878), followed
by a visit to the West Indies (1881) and a
tour of the United States (1882). His first
appearance in Great Britain was as Tony in
'My Sweetheart' {q.v.). He has since ap-
peared as Eughne in ' Erminie ' {q-v.), Hans
in ' Hans the Boatman ' {q.v.), and the hero
of ' Rosedale ' {q.v.).
Arnold, Cornelius. Author of 'Os-
man,' a tragedy, published in a volume of
poems (1757).
Arnold, Henry Thomas. Dramatic
writer, born 1840, died 1876 ; author of ' The-
Armourer's Daughter,' ' Tlie Belle of the-
Barleymow,' 'Bluebeard,' 'An Injured Fe-
male,' ' Nell Gwynne ; or, The King and
ARNOLD
77
ARRAH-NA-POGUE
the Actress,' ' Princess Charming,' ' The
Right-Fall Heir,' etc. ; best kno-mi under the
pseudonym of " H. T. Arden."
Arnold, Mattliew. Poet and prose
-writer, born 1822 ; author of ' Empedocles
on Etna' (1853) and 'Merope' (1858), dra-
matic poems (q.v.). See also his essay on
' The French Play in London ' (' Irish Essays
and Others,' IS 3 2), and some fugitive thea-
trical criticisms in the Fall Mall Gazette.
Arnold, Mrs. Vocalist ; a gi-eat fa-
vourite at Covent Garden ; afterwards sang
in America, where she died.
Arnold of Benthuysen, in Beau-
mont and Fletcher's ' Beggar's Bush *
(q.v.), disguises himself as a beggar and is
'known as " Ginks."
Arnold of "Winkelried; or, The
Fig-ht of Sempach. A drama in five
acts, by Mark Lemox (q.v.), first performed
at the Surrey Theatre, London, on July,
1836, with a cast including Butler as the
hero, D. Pitt, R. Honner, and Mrs. R.
Honner. It is written in blank verse.
Arnold, Samuel, Mus. Doc. Born
in London, August 10, 1740; died October
22, 1802. He was appointed composer to
Covent Garden Theatre in 17G3, and brought
out his first opera there in 1765. In 1769 he
purchased Marylebone Gardens, for which
he wrote and produced several burlettas,
but from which his losses soon compelled
him to retire. The following is a list
of the dramatic compositions for which
he furnished music: — 'The Maid of the
Mill ' (1765), ' Rosamond ' (1767), ' The
Portrait' (1770), 'Mother Shipton' (1770),
' The Son-in-Law ' (1779), ' Summer Amuse-
ment ' (1779), ' Fire and Water ' (1780),
'The Wedding Night' (1780), 'The Silver
Tankard' (1780), 'The Dead Alive' (1781),
' The Castle of Andalusia' (1782), ' Harlequin
Teague' (1782), ' Gretna Green ' (1783), ' Hunt
the Slipper' (1784), 'Two to One' (1784),
"Here, There, and Everywhere' (1784),
♦Turk and No Turk' (1785), 'The Siege of
€uzzola' (1785), 'Inkle and Yarico' (1787),
'The Enraged Musician' (1788), 'The Battle
of Hexham' (1789), 'New Spain' (1790), 'The
Basket-Maker' (1790), 'The Surrender of
■Calais' (1791), 'Harlequin and Faustus'
(1793), 'The Children in the Wood' (1793),
'Auld Robin Gray' (1794), 'Zorinski' (1795),
"The ^Mountaineers' (1795), '^Mao Pays the
Reckoning ? ' (1795), ' Love and Money ' (1795),
'Bamiian Dav' (1796), 'The Shipwreck'
(1796), 'The Italian Monk' (1797), 'False
and True' (1798), 'Throw Physic to the
Dogs' (1798), 'The Cambro-Britons ' (1728),
'Oi5i; or. Three-fingered Jack' (1800), 'The
He view' (1801), 'The Corsair' (1801), 'The
Veteran Tar ' (1801), ' The Sixty-third Letter '
(1802), and ' The Fairies' Revels ' (1802). See
Grove's ' Dictionary of 3Iusic and Musicians '
(1879).
Arnold, Samuel James. Theatrical
■manager and dramatic author ; son of Dr.
Samuel Arnold ; born 1774, died August 16,
2852 ; joined his father in building the
Lyceum Theatre, of which he became
manager, and afterwards erected the English
Opera House at a cost of £80,000. After
leaving the Lyceum, Arnold was for three
years manager of Drury Lane Theatre. He
married Matilda, daughter of H. J. Pye,
the laureate, and, in collaboration with her,
wrote the comedy called ' The Prior Claim '
(1805). He was also the author of the follow-
ing pieces :— ' Auld Robin Gray ' (1794), ' Who
Pays the Reckoning?' (1795), 'The Ship-
wreck ' (1796), ' The Irish Legacy ' (1797),
'The Veteran Tar' (1801), 'Foul Deeds will
rise' (1804), ' Up aU Night' (1809), ' Britain's
Jubilee ' (1809), ' Man and Wife ' (1809), ' The
Maniac' (ISIO), 'Plots' (1810), and 'The
Americans ' (1811). Hazlitt ■s\Tote of him :
" He does not get a single glimpse of life
or nature, but as he has seen it represented
on his own boards, or conned it over in his
manuscripts. . . . His characters are the
shadows of a shade ; but he keeps a very
exact inventory of his scenery and dresses.
. . . He writes with the fewest ideas pos-
sible ; his meaning is more nicely balanced
between sense and nonsense than that of
any of his competitors ; he succeeds from the
perfect insignificance of his pretensions,
and fails to offend through downright
imbecility " (' View of the Stage,' 1818).
Arnold, "W. H. Author of ' The DevU's
Bridge,' ' The Woodman's Hut,' and other
dramatic pieces.
Arnoldo, in Beaumont and Flet-
cher's ' Custom of the Country ' (q.v.), is
atfianced to Zenocia (q.v.).
Around tlie "World in Eig-lity
Days. A play produced at New York in
June, 1885, and" again in August, 1SS6. See
Round the World.
Arpasia, in Rowe's ' Tamerlane,' is
betrothed to Moneses (q.v.), but forced to
marry Bajazet (q.v.).
Arrah-na-Pog-ue ; or, Tlie "Wick-
low "Wedding-. A drama by Dion Bouci-
CAULT (q.v.), first performed at the Theatre
Royal, Dublin, on November 7, 1864, with
the author as Shaun the Post, Rignold as
Beamish M'Coul, J. Brougham as Colonel
O'Grad'j, Reynolds as Michael Feeny, Mrs.
B. White as 'Fanny Pou'er, and Mrs. Bouci-
cault as Arrah Meelish ; first performed
(in London) at the Princess's Theatre, on
INIarch 22, 1865, with Mrs. Boucicault in
the title part, D. Boucicault as Shaiin the
Post, John Brougham as Colonel O'Grady,
Dominick MuiTay as Michael Feeny, H.
Vandenhoff as the M'Coul, Miss M. OUver as
Fanny Power, and F. Charles as Major Coffin;
first performed in America at Niblo's Garden
on July 12, 1S65, with T. H. Glenney as
Shaun, W. E. Sheridan as Beamish, and Miss
Josie Orton as Arrah. In 1866 the play was
represented in Paris, at the Gaiety, as ' Jean
la Poste, ou les Noces Irlandaises.' It was
revived at the Adelphi in September, 1867 ;
produced at Niblo's Theatre, New York, in
1869, with Miss Rose Eytinge as Arrah and
Dominick Murray as Feeny; revived at the
ARRAIGNMENT OF LONDON
78
ART
Gaiety in June, 1S72, with Boucicault, Mrs
Boucicault, Shiel Barry {Feeny), and W. |
Rignokl (O'Grady), and at the Adelphi in
August, 1876, -with J. C. "SVillianison and
Miss Maggie Moore as Shaun and Arrah;
reproduced at the Grand Opera House, New
York, in 1879, with the author in the cast ;
revived at the Adelphi Theatre, London, in
Julv, 1885, with C.'.Sullivan as Shaun, Miss
M. 'Rorke as Arrah; played at New Orleans
in 1887, with O. Tearle as Shaun ; and re-
vived at the Princess's Theatre, London, in
August, 1891, with W. E. Shine as Shaun,
Miss E. Terriss as Arrah, H. Neville as
O'Grady, A. Dacre as Beamish, C. Ashford
as Feeny, and Miss A. Roselle as Fanny.
Henry Morley holds that it "is in the
first two acts cleverly constructed and well
written, but the interest does not pass into
the third act, which is weak and strained,
though it is supported by wliat is meant to
be the gi-eat ' sensational' effect of a climb
up an ivv-covered tower wall (' Journal of .a
London Playgoer,' 1S66). See BETWEEN you
AND ME AND THE POST.
Arraig-nment of London (The). A
play by Richard DAB0RNE(5.u.)and Cvril
TOURNEUR {q.v.), mentioned by the former
in letters to Henslowe, dated June, 1613.
Arraig-nment of Paris (The). A
masque by George Peele (7. r.), represented
before Queen Elizabeth, by the children
of her chapel, before 15S2, and anony-
mously printed in 1584. Francis Nash {q.v.),
WTiting in 15S9, gave it as his opinion that
this masque displayed Peele's "pregnant
dexterity of wit and manifold variety of
invention, wherein (me judice) he goeth a
step beyond all that v^Tite." The work, ac-
cording to Collier, " evinces much facility
in the use of the English language," but,
" in point of invention, does not deserve
any extraordinary degree of praise, since
Peele has done little more than dramatize,
and put into agreeable and flowing verse,
the ajiologue of the ' Judgment of Paris.'
It derives'the title of ' The Arraignment of
Paris ' from the circumstance that, towards
the close, the Trojan shepherd is brought to
trial before Jove for having adjudged the
apple of discord to Venus." " Colin and
Hobbinol in it are, of course, Spenser and
Harvey . . . Diggon, I think, Churchyard ;
Paris and (Enone, Leicester and Lady Shef-
field ; Helen being the Countess of Essex "
(Fleay).
Ai'-Rivals (The). See Rivals, The.
Arrong-e (L'). See Way 10 the
Heart.
Arrowsmith, "William. An M.A. of
Cambridge ; author of ' The Reformation,' a
comedy (1673). See Langbaine's ' Di'amatic
Poets.'
Arsaces. A character in Mottley's
' Antiochus' {q.v.).
Arsaces. A tragedy by William Hod-
son ; not acted, but printed in 1775. It is
founded on the ' Ezio' of Metastasio.
Arsenic. " A dead take-in," in ' The
Philosopher's Stone' {q.v.).
Arsinoe, Q,ueen of Cyprus. An
opera 'sratten by Peter M0TTEUx('7.f.), and
composed by Clayton, performed at Drury
Lane on January 16, 1705. This was the
first effort to establish, in England, opera
on the Italian model. " If this attempt,"
said the composer, " shall be a means of
bringing this manner of music to be used
in my native country, I shall think my
study and pains very weU employed." Mrs.
Tofts was the ■prima donna in this instance.
(2) ' Arsinoe ; or. The Incestuous Marriage : '
a tragedy by Andrew Henderson ; "not
acted^ but printed in 1752.
Art. (1) A drama by Charles Reade
{q.v.), adapted from Fournier's 'Tiridate, ou
Comedie et Tragedie,' and first i)erformed at
the St. James's Theatre, London, in February,
1855, with Mrs. Seymour as Nance- Oldfield,
and Miss E. Brunton (Robertson) in a minor
part; revived, under the title of 'Nance
Oldfield,' at the Lyceum in 1SS3, with Miss
Genevieve Ward as Nance and W. H. Vernon
a.s Nathayi Olduorthy ; again revived at the'
Lyceum in May, 1S91, with Miss Ellen Terrj
as Nance and T. N. Wenman as Nathar,
Oldworthy. See Actress by Daylight
Comedy and Tragedy; and Tragedi
Queen. (2) A comedietta by Cunnixghaj!
BRlDG>LiN {q.v.), first performed at the
Bijou Theatre, Paignton, in August, 1874.
Art and Artifice; or, Woman's
Love. A drama in five acts, by J0H>
Brougham {q.v.), produced at New Yort
in June, 1859. As the preface says, " th(
leading incident in this drama is historic-
namely, the abandonment by Quentin Matsy
of his trade of blacksmith in order to com
mence the study of painting, inspired by hi;
love for a painter's daughter, whom he'ulti
mately won." In the original cast, F. B
Conway was 2Iatsys and Mrs. Conway AlyU
von Ticilt, the author playing 2foritz Wylde.
Art and Love. A dramatic sketch ii
one act, by A. W. Dubourg {q.v.), first pei
formed at the Opera Comique, London, oj
February 17, 1877 ; revived at the Avenu
Theatre,' London, on the afternoon of Jun
24, 1890, with Miss WalLis (Mrs. Lancaster
and Arthur Stirling in the cast.
Art and Nature. A comedy in fiv
acts, by the Rev. James Miller, owin
something to the ' Arlequin Sauvage ' of D
risle, the ' Flateur' of Rousseau, and MoHert
and first performed at DruryLane on Februar
16, 1738, with Griffin as Sir Simon Dupe, Mr;
]MiUs as Flaminia, MUls as Truemore, Qui
as Courtly, and Cibber, jun., as Julio. Th
piece " was damned," says Genest, " on tb
first night. The templars had taken an ui
reasonable prejudice against MUler for h:
farce of ' The Coffee-House ' [q.v.], and seei
to have been determined to damn any piec
that was known to be his." See Alpharei
Gewgaw.
" Art is a power that will not t)
ART OF ACTING
ARTFUL HUSBAND
denied."— Fletcher's 'Humorous Lieu-
tenant ' (song).
Art of Acting-, An Essay on the.
A discourse in prose, by Aarox Hill (g.u.),
opening Avith the assertion that " the first
dramatic principle " is as follows : — "To act
a passion well, the actor never must attempt
its imitation, 'till his fancy has conceived so
strong an image, or idea, of it, as to move
the same impressive springs within his
mind, which form that ijassion, when 'tis
undesigned, and natural." The writer then
proceeds to explain, in detail, how an actor
should express joy, grief, fear, anger, pity,
scorn, hatred, jealousy, wonder, love ; con-
cluding with a series of questions and
answers on the subject-matter of the essay.
See Actor, The.
Art of Acting: (The). "Part I. De-
riving Rules from a New Principle, for
Touching the Passions in a Natural Man-
ner. An Essay of General Use, to Those,
who hear, or apeak in Public, and to the
Practisers of many of the Elegant Arts ; As
Painters, Sculptors, and Designers : But
Adapted, in Particular, to the Stage : with
view to quicken the Delight of Audiences,
And form a Judgment of the Actors, in their
Good, or Bad, Performances." A poem by
AARON Hill (q.v.), published in 1746, with
a dedicatory preface to the Earl of Chester-
field. The work is rather rhapsodical than
methodical, the following being one of the
most coherent passages :—
"Why was the Actor stain'd, by Law's Decreet
Lost Time's Recoverer ! Truth's Awakener, He !
Passion's Refiner ! Life's shoal Coast survey'd —
The wise Man's Pleaser, and the good Man's Aid:
Precept and Practice, in One Teacher join'd,
Bodied Resemblance of the copied Mind :
Nature confirms, Art dignifies his Claim,
And only Cunt's low Crawl defiles his name.
If but by Comprehension we possess,
And every Greater Circle holds the Less,
No Rank's high Claim can make the Player's look small,
Since, acting Each, He comprehends 'emalL"
See Actor, The.
Art of Managrement (The) ; or,
Trag-edy Expelled. A farce in one act,
by Charlotte Charke (g.v.), "performed
once at the Concert-room in York-buildings,"
in 1735. This farce was a bitter satire on
Fleetwood, the manager of Drury Lane, with
whom Mrs. Charke had quarrelled, and who
is made to figure in the piece as Squire
Brainless. Headpiece is Theophilus Cibber,
and Mrs. Tragic is Mrs. Charke herself.
"Art thou poor, yet hast thoti
g'olden slumbers ? " First line of a song
in ' The Pleasant Comedy of Patient Gris-
sell ' {q.v.)—
" 0 sweet content! "
Artaban. Son of Artemisa, in RowE'S
'Ambitious Stepmother ' iq.v.).
Artabanes. Father of Arhaces {q.v.), in
Arne's ' Artaxerxes ' {q.v.).
Artan. A demon in * The Imposture
Defeated ' {q.v.).
Artaxaminous. King of Utopia, in
Rhodes' ' Bombastes Furioso ' {q.v.).
Artaxerxes. (1) An opera in three acts,
the libretto adapted from" Metastasio, the
musicby Dr. T. A. Arne {q.v.) ; first performed
at Covent Garden Theatre on February 2,
1762, with Beard as Artabanes, Tenducci as
Arhaces, Peretti as Artaxerxes, Miss Brent
as Mandane, etc. Artabanes, having kiUed
Xerxes, seeks to throw the guUt on his son
Arbaces, whom he also accuses of seeking to
poison Artaxerxes, Artabanes himself being
in this case also the guilty person. Even-
tually Artabanes is banished. Arbaces is in
love Avith Mandane, the sister of Artaxerxes.
'Artaxerxes ' was an experiment,inasmuch as
it was composed "after the Italian manner,
with recitative instead of spoken dialogue."
Arne, we read, " crowded many of the airs
with florid divisions, particularly those in
the part of Mandane, which he composed for
his pupil. Miss Brent." 'Artaxerxes' was
frequently revived in the latter years of the
last, and the early years of the present,
century— notably at Covent Garden in 1831,
with Miss Sherriff as Mandane and Braham
as Artabanes. (2) An opera translated from
Metastasio by John Hoole, and printed in
1767.
Artaxerxes. Son of Memnon, and hus-
band of Amestris, in RowE's 'Ambitious
Stepmother' {q.v.).
Artemisa. The heroine of RowE's
' Ambitious Stepmother' {q.v.).
Artemisia. A character in Planche's
'An Old Offender '(g.u.).
Artful Cards. A farcical comedy by
F. C. BURNAND {q.v.), adapted from 'La
Cle' by MM. Duru and Labiche, and
first performed at the Gaiety Theatre,
London, in February, 1877, with J. L. Toole
as Spicer Rumford, A. Bishop as Sir Hare-
cutt Shortleigh, H. Westland as Fred Flutter,
Miss Henderson as the Countess Asteriski,
and Mrs. Leigh as Mrs. Rumford ; revived
at Toole's Theatre, London, in March, 1892.
Rumford is " a weak gentleman with a foolish
fondness for dissipation," who, unknown to
his wife, visits the Countess Asteriski, a Pohsh
adventuress, and loses a good deal of money
at play. The Countess's friends are all
swindlers, and, the police entering the
house, these "artful cards" pretend to be
engaged in musical performances.
Artful Dodg-e (The). A farce in one
act, by E. L. Blanchard {q.v.), first per-
formed at the Olympic Theatre, London, on
February 2, 1842, with G. Wild as Demos-
thenes Dodge, Fitzjames as the Rev. Fred
FitzFudge, Tumour as Gregory Grudge, Miss
Arden as Susan Smudge, Rogers as Nudge,
and Walton as Budge; revived at Drury
Lane (with other entertainments) for the
benefit of Mrs. Blanchard, on the afternoon
of June 2, 1S90, with A. Williams as Dodge.
Artful Husband (The). A comedy by
W. Taverner {q.v.), first performed at Lin-
coln's Inn Fields on February 11, 1717, with
ARTFUL -WIFE
AETHUR
'Keene as Wimvife, Mrs. Rogers as Mrs.
Winwije, INIrs. Knight as Lady Upstart,
Mrs. Thurmond as Belinda, and Elrington
as Sir Rarry Freelove. The piece has two
concuiTent plots. The first has to do with
the extravagant doings of Mrs. Winwife.
In order to cure her of them, Wimvife
pretends to be nearly ruined, and his wife
at once offers to retire into the country.
The idea of this was taken from Shirley's
'Lady of Pleasure' (q.v.). The second plot
has for its centre Lady Upstart, who is
induced to maiTy a Sir Modish Pert. Sir
Modish is, however, only Belindain disguise,
and Lady Upstart is glad to dissolve the
marriage for a consideration named by
Belinda, who is in love with, and now
man-ies, Sir Harry. This notion is borrowed
from ' The Counterfeit Bridegroom ' (g.f •)•
Among the other characters are Stockwell,
Frank Flash, and Decoy, all of which see.
Altered by Colman— the episode of Winwife
and his spouse being wholly omitted—' The
Artful Husband' was reproduced at the
Haymarket on May 18, 177S, under the title
of 'The Female Chevalier,' the new title
being suggested probably by the case of the
Chevalier d'Eon, then notorious. On May 1,
1795, Taverner's comedy was again repro-
duced, this time at Covent Garden, and
under the new name of ' The Bank-Xote ;
or. Lessons for Ladies,' W. Macready being
the adapter. The piece was played at New
York in 1797. See Artful Wife.
Artful Wife (The). A comedy by W.
Taverner (g.v.), intended as a pendant to
'The Artful Husband' (q.v.), and first per-
formed at Lincoln's Inn Fields on December
3, 1717-18, with ]Mrs. Rogers as Lady Absent,
Bullock, jun., as Sir Francis Courtal, Keene
as Lord Absent, etc. The "artful wife" is
Lady Absent, who, neglected by her hus-
band and pursued by Sir Francis, an-anges
that Sir Francis shall be discovered making
love to her at a place of assignation. Lord
Absenfs jealousy is aroused, and Sir Francis
is made to marry a girl whom he has
wronged.
Arthiope. A character in Davexant's
• Unfortunate Lovers ' (q.v.).
Artliur ; or, TheHi-diddle-diddles
of tlie King". Henry Jlorley, writing in
his ' Journal of a London Playgoer,' under
date of April, 1860, says: "There is an
appearance in advertisements of a burlesque
by somebody of fashion, who has written
^ Arthur ; or, The Hi-diddle-diddles of the
King.' "
Arthur and Emmeline. See Arthur,
King.
Arthur, John. Actor and dramatist,
died April, 1772 ; performed at Covent
Garden and Drury Lane between 1737 and
1758, and at Dublm in 1758-9. " In 1760 he
seems to have been manager of the Bath
company." Among his characters were
.Shylock, Touchstone, Polonius, Shalloiv, Sir
Hugh Evans, Stephana (Dry den's 'Tempest'),
Fondleivife ('The Old Bachelor'), Lord
Froth ('The Double Dealer'), Scrub ('The
Beaux' Stratagem'), Traj^panti (' She Would
and She Would Not '), Moneytrap (' The Con-
federacy'), etc. He was " a very good copier
of nature in some peculiarities of humour "
(Genest). He was also the author of ' The
Lucky Discovery ' {q.v.). See Davies' ' Dra-
matic Miscellanies' (1783-4), the ' Biographia
Dramatica' (1812), and Genest's 'English
Stage' (1832).
Arthur, King*. This famous legendary
monarch has been the leading personage in
many dramatic pieces :— (1) 'Arthur's Show :'
an interlude, mentioned by Justice Shallow
in 'King Henry IV.,' pt. 2, act iii. so. 2 ;
"very popular in Shakespeare's age," and
probably based on Malory's 'Morted' Arthur.'
(2) 'The Misfortunes of Arthur' (1587)
(q.v.). (3) ' The Life and Death of Arthur,
King of England : ' a play by Richard
Hathaway {q.v.), "acted by the Lord
Admiral's servants" at the Rose Theatre in
April, 1598. Fleay suggests that this may be
identical with 'Arthur's Show.' (4) 'King
Arthur ; or, The British Worthy :' a " dra-
matic opera," words by John Dryden, music
by Henry Purcell, acted at the Queen's
Theatre in 1691, and printed in the same
year. " This play is a kind of sequel to the
'Albion and Albanius' of the same author.
. . . The whole affair of the Enchanted
Wood and other wonders of Osmond's art,
are borrowed from Tasso. . . . The contrast
of character between Philidcl, a gentle
aerial spirit, and Grimbald, a fierce earthy
goblin, engaged on the adverse party, is not
only well disguised, but executed -nith the
hand of a master " (' Biographia Dramatica ').
Downes says that the work was ' ' excellently
adorn'd with scenes and machines. . , ,
The play and musick pleas'd the court and
city" (' Roscius Anglicanus '). Altered by
David Garrick, and with additional music
by Dr. Arne, ' King Arthur' was revived at
Drury Lane in 1770 ; in 1784 it was repro-
duced at that theatre in a revised form,
under the title of ' Arthur and Emmeline,'
and with Kemble and Miss Farren in the
principal rdles; it was seen at the Lyceum
Theatre, London, in July, 1827, when Pur-
cell's music was given, and when the cast
included Pearman, Thorne, Phillips, Miss
Paton, and Miss Kelly ; and there is further
record of its being performed at Drury
Lane Theatre in November, 1842, when the
part of Philidel was taken by Miss P. Horton.
(5) ' Arthur, Monarch of the Britons : ' a
tragedy by William Hilton ; not acted,
but printed among the author's poetical
works (1776). (6) 'King Arthur; or, The
Days and Nights of the Round Table : ' an
extravaganza by William Brough {q.v.),
brought out at the Haymarket Theatre
in 1863, with Miss Louise Keeley as the
King, Miss Wright as Guinevere, Miss H.
Lindley as Sir Launcelot, Miss Romer as
Vivien, and Compton as Sir Key. In this
piece Guinevere, before she is wedded to
Arthur, is captured by Cheldric, the Saxon
invader, from whom, however, she is re-
captured by the aid cf Vivien as the wielder
ARTHUR
81
AS IN A LOOKING-GLASS
of Merlin's waiul. (7) 'King Arthur: a
play in verse by J. COMYNS Carr (q.v.),
Lyceum Theatre, London, January 12, 1895,
with H. Irving as Arthur, Miss E. Terry as
Guinevere, J. Forbes-Robertson as Lancelot,
r Cooper as Mordred, S. Valentine as
Merlin, .Miss G. Ward as Morgan Le Fay,
Miss Ashwell as Elaine, etc. (8) 'King
Arthur ; or, Launcelot the Loose, Gm-
ever the Square, and the Knights of the
Round Table, and other Furniture : ' a bur-
lesque by W. :M. Akhurst.— A'?»i7 Arthur
is also a character in Fiklding's 'Tom
Thumb' (q.v), E. L. Blanchard'S 'Three
Perils,' H. J. Byron's 'Jack the Giant-
Killer' C*?.?;.), the burlesque of ' The Lanca-
shire Witches ' Qj.v.), Paulton and Pascal's
'Cymbia' (q.v.), and Richard-Uenry S
•Lancelot the Lovely ' {q.v.).
Arthur, Prince, figures in Shake-
speare's ' King John,' and G. A. A
Beckett's burlesque ' King John (with the
benefit of the Act) ' {q.v.).
Arthur, The Misfortunes of. See
Misfortunes of Arthur, The.
Arthur's Show. See Arthur, King.
Art-i-chok. Caliph of Jerusalem, in
Planciie's 'Seven Champions of Christen-
dom' {q.v.).
Article 7 (L'). See Shylock and Co.
Article 47 (L') ; or, Breaking- the
Ban. A drama in three acts, adapted from
the French of Adolphe Belot by Henry L.
Williams {q.v.), and produced at the Fifth
Avenue Theatre, New York, on April 2, 1872,
with H. Crisp as Duhainel, G. Parkes as
Mazilier, L. James as Delille, J. Lewis as
Potain, D. II. Harkins as the Judge, Miss
Clara Morris as Cora, Miss Linda Dietz as
Marcelle, and INIrs. G. H. Gilbert as Mdme.
DuhameL See Cora.
Article 231 (L'). See Last Straw, The.
Artifice (The). (1) A five-act comedy by
Mrs. Centlivre {q.v.), first performed on
October 2, 1722, with Mrs. Younger as
Louisa, Mills as Ned Freeman, Mrs. Horton
as Olivia, Wilks as Sir John Freeman, W.
Wilks as Faimvell, Mrs. Thurmond as Mrs.
Headless, Harper as Tally, Mrs. Oldfield
as Mrs. Watchitt, and Griffin as Watchitt.
No fewer than three "artifices" are made
use of in this play. One is that which is
adopted by Louisa, who has been seduced
by Ned, but who, by persuading him he is
Eoisoned, induces him to marry her, and to
and over to his brother. Sir John, not only
Olivia, but the estates which he has wrong-
fully withheld from him. The second arti-
fice is that of Faimvell, who, by means of it,
carries off the widow Headless from Tally ;
whilst the third is that adopted by Mrs.
Watchitt in order to allow of her lover es-
caping from her husband. This last artifice,
however, does not succeed. (2) A comic
opera in two acts, by William Augustus
Miles {q.v.), first performed at Drury Lane
on April 14, 1780, with Parsons, Lamash,
Bannister, etc., in the cast.
Artipadiad.es. The king in Daniel's
' Doctor Bolus ' {q.v.) ; in love with Poggy-
lina {q.v.).
Artist's Wife (The). A "petite
comedy " in two acts, by Gilbert Abbott
A Beckett {q.v.), first performed at the Hay-
market on July 28, 1838, with J. B. Buckstone
as Andrew, the artist's servant. The title
role. Lady Charlotte Clermont, was played by
Miss Tavlor. The comedy was produced at
the Park Theatre, New York, in September,
1839.
Arts and Hearts. A prose comedy
in three acts, by H. B. Cooper, adapted
from Julian Hawthorne's story of 'Pauline,'
and printed in 1882.
Arundel St., Strand ; 117. See One
Hundred and Seventeen.
Arva, The Knig-ht of. See Knight
OF Arva.
Ar vedson. The fortune-teller in Auber's
' Gustavus III.'
Arvida. Friend of Gustavus Vasa, in
Brooke's play of that name {q.v.).
Arvirag-us. (1) Younger son of Cymbe-
\ line, in Shakespeare's play {q.v.). (2) A
I character in ' The Successful Pirate' {q.v.).
Arvirag-us and Philicia. A play in
two parts, by Lodowick Carlell {q.v.),
acted at the Cockpit and Hampton Court
in 1636, and printed in 1639. It was revived
at Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1672, with a pro-
logue by Dryden.
As de Trefle (L'). See Ace of Clubs.
As Good as Gold. A comedietta by
C. F. COGHLAN {q.v.), first performed at the
Lyceum Theatre, London, on December 18,
1869.
As in a Glass. See Ourang-Outang,
The.
As in a Lookingr-Glass. (1) A play
in four acts, founded by F. C. Grove on
F. C. Philips' novel of that name, and first
performed at the Opera Comique, London,
on May 16, 1887, with Mrs. Bernard Beere as-
Lena Despard, H. Standing as Captain For-
tinbras, C. Marius as Count Dromiroff, A.
Bucklaw as Algie Balfour, and Miss Eva^
Sothern as Miss Vyse ; played in the English
provinces in 1887, with Miss L. Villiers as-
Lena; first produced in America at Fifth
Avenue Theatre, New York, September 19,
1887, with Mrs. Langtry as Lena; revived
at Manhattan Opera House, New York, No-
vember 14, 1892, with Mrs. Beere and C.
Marius in their original roles, and W. Barry-
more as Fortinbras. (2) Another adapta-
tion, by T. Sidney-, was produced at Frome,
Dorsetshire, in August, 1S87.— Two other
dramatic versions of the story have been
produced in America— one, by L. Marston^
in 1889.
G
AS IT SHOULD BE
AS YOU LIKE IT
As it Should Be. A play by W. C.
OULTON (q.v.), first performed at the Hay-
market Theatre on June 3, 17S9, with Powell
and Mrs. Powell in the cast. The plot is
taken from No. 1 of 'The Busy Body.'
Fidget desires to marry his daughter C'elia
to Lord Megrim, but in the end she espouses
her lover, Wimvorth. The play was first
performed in America in 1791. See Sparkle.
As Larg-e as Life. A farcical piece in
three acts, by Arthur Shirley {q.v.)\
Terry's Theatre, London, May 13, 1890.
As Like as Two Peas. A farce in
one act, by Herbert Lille, first performed
at the Haymarket on June 30, 1S54, with
Buckstone, Compton, Mrs. Fitzwilliam, and
Mrs. Buckingham, in the cast.
As Merry as May Be. A play by
Hathaway, IIoughto.x, Day, and Smith,
acted at Court in 1602.
As Plain as Can Be. A play per-
formed before Queen Elizabeth and her
Court between July 14, 1567, and Llarch 3,
156S.
As the "World G-oes. A play by
ThojIas Horde, jun.
As-tu tue le Mandarin ? See Case
OF Conscience.
As You Find It. A comedy by
Charles, Earl of Orrery, first performed
, at Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1703, with Pack
as Jack Single, Dogget as Sir Abel Single,
Mrs. Lee as Chloris, Verbruggen as Hariley,
Betterton as Bcvil, Mrs. Bracegirdle as
Orinda, jNIrs. Barry as Eugenia, Powel as
Ledger, and Bowman as Sir Pert. Jack
marries Chloris, to the disgust of his father,
Sir Abel, who has himself proposed to her.
.Hartley neglects his wife, but, meeting her
by chance at a masked baU, reforms. ^Levil
marries Orinda.
As You Like It. A comedy by William
Shakespeare {q.v.), founded, as regards the
main features of the plot, upon T. Lodge's
prose fiction, ' Rosalynde, Euphues' Golden
Legacie,' which was published in 1590, and
was itself based in part on the Cook's Tale
of Gamelyn (wTongly ascribed to Chaucer).
Jacques, Touchstone, and Audrey are wholly
the creation of Shakespeare, who also modi-
fied Lodge's story in certain details. As the
play is not mentioned by Meres in his ' Pal-
ladis Tamia ' (1598), and as one of the lines
in it (" Who ever loved, that loved not at first
sight ? ") is quoted from Marlowe's ' Hero
and Leander ' (also published in 1598), it may
be assumed that the work was not wTitten
till after that date. The reference to it in the
Stationer's Register is supposed to apply to
1600, and its composition may, therefore, be
referred to the interval between the two
years named. It was first printed in the
folio of 1623, and has been published fre-
quently in a separate form. Theobald edited
it in 1741, the Covent Garden stage version
was issued in 1786, and Kemble's edition of
it appeared in 1815. Of its early stage-his-
tory little is known. On January 9, 1723,
there was acted at Drury Lane an adaptation
of the comedy, perpetrated by Charles John-
son, and called ' Love in a' Forest,' with
Cibber as Jacques, WUks as Orlando, Booth
as the banished Duke (here called Alberto),
Mills as Adam, Thurmond as Oliver, Cory as
Amiens, T. Cibber as Le Beau, INIrs. Booth
as Bosalind, Mrs. Thurmond as Celia, etc.
From this compilation, Touchstone, Audrey,
William, Corin, and Phoebe were omitted,
whUst passages from ' Richard II.,' ' Much
Ado about Nothing,' and ' Twelfth Night,'
together with the interlude from ' A Mid-
summer Night's Dream,' and lines from the
adapter's own pen, were inserted. Among
many alterations, Jacques was represented
as making love to Celia, and marrying her in
the end. The adaptation was published in
the year of performance. Sixteen years later
(1739) one " J. C." published a comedy called
' The Modern Receipt ; or, A Cure for Love,"
which he described as " altered from Shake-
speare," and w^hich was a species of modern-
ized paraphrase of ' As You Like It.' The
scene was laid in Liege and Arden, and
Rosalind, Orlando, Celia, Jacques, and Adam
appeared as Camilla, Vincentio, Julia, Marcel-
lus, and Fidelio respectively. Shakespeare's
lines w^ere occasionally used, but generally
re-written or amplified in prose. In this ver-
sion, also, Jacques, as Marcellus, has wit-
combats with Celia (as Julia), and pairs off
with her at the close. In 1856 George Sand
translated and adapted the play to the
French stage, following both Johnson and
" J. C." in making Jacques the lover of
Celia. An additional scene, written by
Joseph Moser, is to be found in the European
Magazine (1809). The play has been trans-
lated into many European languages. It
was revived at Drury Lane in December,
1740, with Quin as Jacques, Woodward
as Sylvius, Mrs. Piitchard as Rosalind,
Mrs. Clive as Celia, and 3Irs. Egerton as
Audrey ; at the same theatre in November,
1747, with Macklin as Touchstone, Shuter
as William, and Mrs. Woflfington as Rosa-
lind; at the .same theatre in October, 1767,
with King as Touchstone, Palmer as Orlando,
Mrs. Dancer (:Mrs. Barry) [the first to sing
the Cuckoo Song, taken from 'All's Well
that Ends Well '] as Rosalind, and Mrs.
Baddeley as Celia; at Covent Garden in
April, 1771, with G. A. Stevens as Touch-
stone, Smith as Orlando, :Mattocks as Amiens,
and Mrs. Bulkley (Mrs. Barresford) as Rosa-
lind ; at the same theatre in January, 1775,
with Barry as Jacques, Lewis as Orlando,
Shuter as Touchstone, and Mrs. Mattocks as
Celia; at the same theatre in December,
1779, with Quick as Touchstone, Henderson
as Jacques, and ]Miss Younge as Rosalind ;
at the Haymarket in July, 1783, with Edwin
as Touchstone, Ben.sley as Jacques, Bannis-
ter, jun., as Orlando, J. Aickin as Adam,
and Miss Frodsham as Rosalind ; at Drury
Lane in April, 1785, with Palmer as Jacques,
J. Aickin as the banished Duke, and Mrs.
Siddons as Rosalind; at the same theatre
in April, 1787, with Kemble as Orlando
and Mrs. Jordan as Rosalind; at Covent
Garden in February, 1789, with Aickin as
AS YOU LIKE IT
AS YOU LIKE IT
Jacques and Miss Wallis as liosaliiid ; at
the same theatre in November, 1789, with
Harlev as Jacques, Holman as Orlando, and
Mrs. Pope as Rosalind ; at Drury Lane in
May, 1797, with Bannister, jun., as Touch-
stone, Barrymore as Orlando, Miss Mellon as
Gelia, and iliss Pope as Audrey ; at Covent
Garden in October, 1S05, with Fawcett as
Touchstone, Kemble as Jacques, C. Kemble
as Orlando, Blanchard as William, Miss
Smith as Rosalind, Miss Brunton as Celia,
and Mrs. Mattocks ?i^ Audrey ; at the Ly-
ceum Theatre, London, in September, 1811,
with Miss Duncan as Rosalind and Wrough-
ton as Jacques ; at the same theatre in 1828,
with Miss Jarman (Mrs. Ternan) as Rosa-
lind ; at Drury Lane in October, 1842, with
jMacready as Jacques, Ryder as the exiled
2)«l-e, Anderson as OrZa?uZo, Phelps SiS Adam,
Keeley as Touchstone, Mrs. Kisbett as Rosa-
lind, Mrs. Stirling as Celia, and Mrs. Keeley
i\s Audrey; at the Princess's Theatre, Lon-
don, in February, 1845, with Miss Cushman
as Rosalind; at the Hay market Theatre,
London, in November, 1845, with ^liss H.
Faucit as the heroine and J. Anderson as
Jacques; at the City of London Theatre in
1845, with Vandenhoff and Miss Vandenhoff ;
at Drury Lane in January, 1850, with Van-
denhoff as Jacques and W. H. Angel as
Touchstone ; at the Princess's in February,
1851, with Kean, Alfred Wigan, and Mrs.
Kean; at the Mai-ylebone Theatre, London,
in October, 1854, with Mrs. Wallack as
Rosalind, Miss Cleveland as Celia, Edgar
as Orlando, and W. Wallack as Jacques; at
the Haymarket Theatre, London, in June,
1855, with Barry Sullivan as Jacques; at the
same theatre in September, 1856, with W.
Farren as Orlando, W. H. Chippendale as
Adam, Compton as Touchstone, Howe as
Jacques, Miss Booth as Rosalind, Miss i\I.
Oliver as Celia, and Jlrs. Fitzwilliam as
Audrey; at Sadler's Wells, London, in 1S57,
with jNIrs. C. Young (Mrs. H. Vezin) as Rosa-
lind and Phelps as Jacques; at tlie same
theatre in September, 1860, with II. Vezin
as Orlando, Miss Fanny Josephs as Celia,
and L. BaU as Touchstone ; at the Maryle-
bone Theatre, London, on April 24, 1861, with
Miss Marriott as Rosalind; at the Princess's
Theatre, London, in February, 1862, with
Miss C. Leclerq as Rosaliyid, Miss R. Le-
clerq as Celia, Miss M. Harris as Audrey,
Widdicomb as Touchstone, and J. Ryder as
Jacques ; at the Queen's Theatre, London, in
February, 1S71, with Mrs. Rousby as Rosa-
lind, W. Rousby as Orlando, H. Marston as
Adam, and J. Ryder as Touchstone ; at Drury
Lane in December, 1871, with Miss Nelson
as Rosalind, T. C. King as Jacques, J. B.
Howard as Orlando, and Miss F. Addison as
Celia; at the Op<ira Comique, London, in
February, 1S75, with Mrs. Kendal as Rosa-
lind, W. H. Kendal as Orlando, A. Cecil as
Touchstone, H. Vezin as Jacques; at the St.
James's Theatre, London, in February, 1878,
with Miss Ada Cavendish as Rosalind, J. D.
Stoyleas roztc/is^o?!^, H. Forrester as Jacgwes,
and Lin Rayne as Orlando ; at the Hay-
market Theatre, London, in 1879, with Miss
A. Neilson as Rosalind; at Manchester
in 1879 (two performances), with ?*Iiss Faucit
and Miss Wallis alternately as the heroine,
L. Wingfield as Orlando, Tom Taylor as
Adam, and H. Merivale as Touchstone; at
the Imperial Theatre, London, on February
25, 1880, with Miss Litton as Rosalind, Miss
Helen CressweU as Celia,^liss Sylvia Hodson
as Audrey, Kyrle Bellew as Orlando, Lionel
Brough as Touchstone, H. Vezin as Jacques,
and W. Farren as Adam; at the same the-
atre in September, 1SS2, with 3Irs. Langtry
as Rosalind, and in October, 1SS2, with INIiss
Calhoun as the heroine ; at the Gaiety The-
atre, London, in April, 1SS3 (matinee), with
INIiss Wallis as Rosalind, J. H. Barnes as
Jacques, W. H. Stephens SisAdam, C. Groves
as TouchstoJie, a,nd G. Alexander as Orlando;
at Coombe House, Kingston-on-Thames
(forest scenes only), in July, 1SS4, ^vith Lady
A. Campbell as Orlando; at the St. James's
Theatre, London, in January, lSS5,with Mrs.
Kendal as Rosalind, Miss L. Diets as Celia,
W. H. Kendal as Orlando, J. Hare as Touch-
stone, H. Vezin as Jacques, J. Maclean as
Adam, and J. F. Young as the banished
Buke [incidental music by Alfred Cellier] ;
at Stratford -on -Avon in August, 1885,
with ]Miss Mary Anderson as the heroine ;
at Charlton Park, Middlesex (forest scenes
only), in July. 1SS6, with F. Rodney as Or-
lando and Miss A. Leighton as Rosalind;
at the Crystal Palace in September, 1886
(matinde), with jNIiss Marie de Grey as
Rosalind and H. B. Conway as Orlando ; at
the Shaftesbury Theatre, London, in Octo-
ber, ISSS, with INIiss Wallis as Rosalind,
Miss A. Rose as Celia, Mrs. E. Saker as
Audrey, Forbes Robertson as Orlando, A.
Stirling as Jacques, W. Fan-en as Adam,
W. Mackintosh as Touchstone ; at the St.
James's Theatre, London, on February 24,
1890, with iNIrs. Langtry as Rosalind, L.
Cautley as Orlando, F. Everill as Adam,
C. Sug'den as Touchstone, A. Bourchier as
Jacqu^es, Miss A, M'Neil as Celia, and Miss
M. Lea as Audrey [in this revival the
Masque of Hymen was represented] ; at the
Shaftesbury Theati'e, on the afternoon of
June IS, 1891, with INIrs. P. Campbell as
Rosalind, F. Worthing as Orlando, Nutcombe
Gould as Jacques, and Miss A. Leighton
as Audrey ; and at Daly's Theatre, London,
in April, 1894, with Miss A. Rehan as
Rosalind, Miss S. Carlisle as Celia, INIiss
Catherine Lewis as Audrey, W. Farren as
Adam, and J. Craig as Orlando. ' As
You Like It' was played at New York in
July, 1786; and again in June, 1796, with
Hallam as Touchstone; in January, 1S50,
with Burton as Touchstone, Chippendale
as Adam, and Miss Cushman as Rosa-
lind ; in June, 1853, with Wallack as
Jacques and INIiss Keene as Rosalind; in
1869, with Mrs. Scott Siddons as Rosalind,
G. Clarke as Orlando, and D. H. Harkins
as Jacques ; in May, 1879, with Miss Ada
Cavendish as Rosalind, J. Gilbert as Adam,
and Miss Effie Germon as Audrey ; in Sep-
tember, ISSO, with Miss Rose Coghlan as
Rosalind, H. M. Pitt as Orlando, and
Osmond Tearle as Jacques; in 18S6, with
Mdme. Modjeska as Rosalind and M.
ASCANIO
84
ASHFORD
Barrymore as Orlando ; in 1S87 (at the
Union Square Theatre), with :\Iiss Rose
Coghlan as Rosalind; in 18S9, with Louis
James as Orlando and Miss Marie Wain-
wright as Rosalind; and in 1889-90 (at
Daly's Theatre, New York), with Miss Ada
Rehan as Rosalind, John Drew as Orlando,
G. Clarke as Jacques, C. Fisher as Adam,
and J. Lewis as Touchstone [this cast appeared
at the Lyceum, London, in 1890]. ' As You
like It' was played entirely by women in
New York in the autumn of 1893, and in
London and the English provinces in the
spring of 1894. In the latter instance the
cast included Miss F. Ivor as Rosalind, Miss
A. Ferrar as Orlando, Miss C. Moreland as
Adam, Miss L. Belmore as Audrey, and
Miss B. Selwyn as Celia. "In none of
Shakespeare's plays," says Tom Taylor,
" are romance, drama, and poem so ex-
quisitely combined as in ' As You Like It ; '
none calls up such a series of rich and
lovely pictures, ranging from palace to forest,
with their animated groups of court mtcs-
tlers and woodland hunters ; none dallies so
charmingly with love-making, and so seasons
the sauciness of its play with the fervour of
its passion. Where else shall we look for
such happy harmonizing of two moods of
folly, like that of Jacques, the blas6 senti-
mentalist and cynical Epicurean, with that
of Touchstone, the sententious shooter of
sharp bolts, the licensed whipper of affecta-
tions, the motley mocker of the time ; such
fine contrast of despotic injustice in the
usurper, with philosophic use of adversity,
and profitable study of nature, in the exile ?
Who ever so lovingly united adventurous
gaiety, wit, humour, and resistless high
spirits, with feminine gentleness, sweetness,
affection, and good sense, as Shakespeare in
Rosalind and Celia? so married love's jest
and earnest as in Rosalind and Orlando ? so
beautifully brought out the devotion and
faithful service in age, in contact with gi'ate-
ful and protecting affection in youth, as in
Adam and his young master?" "Tome,"
says Miss Helen Faucit (Lady Martin), '"As
You Like It ' seems to be essentially as much
a love-poem as ' Romeo and Juliet,' with this
difference— that it deals M'ith happy love,
while the Veronese story deals with love
crossed by misadventure and crowned with
death. It is as full of imagination, of the
glad rapture of the tender passion, of its
impulsiveness, its generosity, its pathos.
No ' hearse-like airs,' indeed', come wailing
by, as in the tale of those 'star-crossed
lovers,' to warn us of their too early tragic
' overthrow.' All is blended into a rich
harmonious music, which makes the heart
throb, but never makes it ache."
Ascanio. Son of Don Henrique, in
Beau:viont and Fletcher's 'Spanish
Curate' (q.v.).
Ascensio Domini. The title and sub-
ject of the twentieth of the Chester plays
(q.v.).
Ascot. A farcical comedy in two acts, by
Percy FENDALL(g.t'.), first performed at the
Theatre Royal, Oldham, on October 13,
1879 ; first played in London at the Novelty
Theatre, on March 29, 1883, with Miss-
Florence Marryat and Gilbert Farquhar in
the cast.
Ashbury, Joseph. Actor and thea-
trical manager ; born in London, 1638 ; died
1720 ; was educated at Eton, and entered
the army ; took part in 1659 in the seizure
of Dublin Castle for the king ; was made a
lieutenant at the Restoration, and in 1662
was appointed deputy master of the revels
to the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. Twenty
years later he became master of the revels-
and the local theatrical patentee. In 1691
he played lago with amateurs in Dublin^
and in the following year revived ' Othello '
at the Orange Street Theatre, with a Lon-
don company which included Wilks. " By
skilful management, and by encouraging
Sromising histrionic talent, Ashbury," says
►utton Cook, " secured for the Dublin stage
a great reputation. He himself was an ex-
cellent actor." " I had not the pleasure," says
Chetwood, "of knowing this great man but
till the latter part of his life ; yet, notwith-
standing his great age, I have seen him
perform several parts with the utmost satis-
faction. ... I have seen him acquit him-
self in the part of Careless, in ' The Com-
mittee,' so well that his years never struck,
upon remembrance. And his person, figure,
and manner in Don Quixote were inimitable."'
See Chetwood's ' General History of the^
Stage' (1749), Hitchcock's 'Historical View
of the Irish Stage' (17S0), and Genest's^
' English Stage ' (1832).
Ashby Manor. A play in two acts, by
William Allingham (q.v.), published in
1883.
Ashe, Nicholas. Author of ' Panthea/
a tragedy (1803).
Ashfield, Farmer, in Morton's ' Speed'
the Plough' (q.v.), is the husband of Dame,
and fath'er of Susaii, Ashfield. "Behave'
pratty " is his favourite exhortation. His
wife is the lady who displays so much anxiety
as to what her neigbbo'ur, Mrs. Grundy
(q.v.), will say. Leigh Hunt said of Emery's
Ashfield that it was "manly and attractive
c^ respect" (' Critical Essays,' 1807).
Ashford, Charles. Actor, bom at
Birmingham, 1850 ; made his first appear-
ance on the stage at Nottingham in 1871.
His London debut took place in April, 1877^
at the Olympic Theatre, as Welsh in Reade's.
'Scuttled Ship.' Among his other "ori-
ginal" parts are Neptune in Lecocq's 'Sea
Nymphs,' Babillard in Offenbach's ' Creole,'
Goho in Planquette's ' Cloches de Corneville,'
Pouimrd in ' Les Mousquetaires,' Ficardeau
in ' La Belle Normande,' Mufile'in Offenbach's
' La Boulangere,' M'Gruder in Solomon's
' Claude Duv^l,' and Nicholas in Bucalossi's
* Manteaux Noirs.' In 1877 he played
Sampson Burr in ' The Porter's Knot ' at the
Criterion, London ; in 1886 Swafi'terton in
' Noah's Ark' at the Royalty ; in ItsOl Michael
) Fee ay in ' Arrah-na-Pogue "at the Princess's ;
ASHLEY
ASSASSIN LABOURER
and in 1S93 Perlcyn Middlewlck in ' Our Boys '
at the Vaudeville.
Ashley, Henry Jefferies. Actor, died
1890 ; made his debut at Glasgow, and
first appeared in London in ISGO, at the St.
James's Theatre, where he remained for two
years. Subsequently he played a seven
years' engagement at the Adelphi Theatre,
creating, among other parts, that of William
in Reade's ' Dora.' At the Criterion Theatre
he was the original representative of Geoffrey
Gordon in ' The Great Divorce Case,' Josldn
Tuhbs in ' Pink Dominos,' and similar 7-6les.
He also "created " the parts of the Marquis
de Font Sable in ' Madame Favart,' the Due
des Jfs in ' Olivette,' Don Brasiero in ' Ma-
jiola,' Brdbazon Sikes in ' The Merry Duchess,'
Tancred in ' Falka,' Jules Frimitif in ' La
Cosaque,' Sir Mulberry Mullitt in ' Indiana,'
Vavasour in Reece's 'Robinson Crusoe,'
Dr. D. in Cotsford Dick's operetta of that
name, Walker Slope in 'Yetah,' Lotds XV.
in Wills's 'Pompadour,' Bicoquet in Plan-
iquette's ' Paul Jones,' and Col. Sombrero in
Planquette's 'Captain Therese.' He was
seen in the provinces as the hero of Pinero's
•'Magistrate.'
Ashmore, Miss. See Sparks, Mrs.
Ashore and Afloat. A nautical drama
in three acts, by C. H. Hazlewood {q.v.),
first performed at the Surrey Theatre, Lon-
don, in 1864, with J. Fernandez as ycwton
Barnard, T. Thorne as Billy Bilberry, and
Miss G. iPauncefort as Ruth Ringrose.
Ashton. The Ashton family, including
Sir William and his wife, his son Henry,
and his daughter Lucy, figure in the
English versions of ' Lucia di Lammermoor,'
J, W. CalcraI'T's ' Bride of Lammermoor '
iq.v.), H. J. Byron's ' Lucia di Lammer-
moor' (burlesque) {q.v.), Palgrave SIMP-
SON'S ' Master of Ravenswood ' (q.v.), and
H, Merivale's ' Ravenswood ' {q.v.).
Ashton, Robert. Dramatist, and
native of Ireland ; author of ' The Battle
of Aughrim ; or. The Fall of Monsieur St.
Ruth ' (1727), and an unacted comedy, ' Love
is the Conqueror.'
Asinaria. A comedy by Plautus (b.c.
■254-184), translated into English blank verse
by Thornton, Warner, and Colman (1769-74).
See also the versions by Cotter (1827) and
Riley (1S52).
Ask no Questions. A burietta in
two acts, by Charles Selby {q.v.), adapted
from Bayard and Picard's 'Mathias I'ln-
valide ' (Varit^tes, Paris, 1837), and first per-
formed at the Olympic Theatre, London, on
October 24, 1838, with W. Farren as Mathias,
Oxberry as Gimblet, and INIrs. Orger, Selby,
and Yining in other parts ; first played at
New York in 1847.
Asmodeus. The chief personage in
the following dramatic pieces : (1) ' Asmo-
deus in New York:' a "satirical squib,"
performed at New York in April, 1S40, with
Mitchell in the title part. (2) ' Asmodeus,
the Little Demon ; or, The Devil's Share : ' a
comic drama in two acts, by Thomas Archer
(q.v.), adapted from Scribe's 'Part du
Diable,' and performed at the Surrey The-
atre, London, on June 12, 1843, with Mrs.
R. Honner in the title part— that of Carlo,
an orphan and wandering minstrel, assum-
ing the character of Asmodeus ; produced
at New York in 1854, with Miss A. Robert-
son (Mrs. Boucicault) as Carlo, and in 1855
with Miss G. Hodson in that part. (3)
• Asmodeus, the Devil on Two Sticks ; or,
The Force of Friendship : ' a burlesque pro-
duced at the Adelphi Theatre, London, on
April 25, 1859, with J. L. Toole in the title
part, Jliss Woolgar as Don Cleophas Zam-
bullo, Paul Bedford as Don Fernando, and
Miss Kate Kelly, Miss Mary Keeley, and
Miss Eliza Arden in other parts.
Asmodeus. A character in Albert
Smith's ' Alhambra' (?.r.).
Asotus. Son of Cleon in Massinger's
' Bondman' (q.v.).
Aspacia. A tragedy in three acts, by
Mrs. Hughes, printed in ' Moral Dramas
intended for Private Representation ' (1790).
Aspasia. A character in Johnson's
' Irene ' (q.v.).
Aspatia. The betrothed wife of Amintor
(q.v.), in Beaumont and Fletcher's ' Maid's
Tragedy ' (qv.). Her death gives the title to
the play. Hazlitt says that the character
is " a beautiful sketch of resigned and heart-
broken melancholy." Lamb observes that
"Aspatia is a character equally difficult,
with Helena, of being managed with grace.
She too is a slighted woman, refused by the
man who had "once engaged to marry her.
Yet it is artfully contrived that while we
pity we respect her, and she descends with-
out degradation."
Aspen, House of. See House of
Aspen.
Aspen. (1) Miles G. Aspen is the hero
of Bayle Bernard's ' Nervous Man' (g. v.).
(2) Sir Harry Aspen figures in ' The Gazette
Extraordinary.'
Aspic. A character in Morton's ' Edu-
cation ' (q.v.).
Aspin. A comic servant in Savage's
' Love in a YeU ' (q.v.).
Aspinwall, Stanhope. Author of
' Rodogune ; or, The Rival Brothers ' (1765).
Asprand. A tragedy performed at the
Sahsbury Theatre, March 20, 1805.
A.S.S. A farce in one act, first per-
formed at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on
April 23, 1853, with F. :Matthews as Diogenes
Hunter, ]Mrs. Macnamara as Mrs. Hunter,
and Miss Wvndham as Sophia; revived at
the Criterion, August 13, 1S87, with W.
Blakeley as Diogenes.
Assassin (L'). See Hush-Money'.
Assassin Labourer (The). A play,
performed in New York in li:47.
ASS-ASS-IXATIOX
ASTLEY
Ass-ass-ination. A serio-comic ex-
travaganza by Theodore Hook (g.r.), per-
formed privately at Orange Hall, near
"Windsor, on January SO, ISIO.
Ass-Dealer (The). A comedy trans-
lated from Plautus by Richard AYarner,
and printed in 1774; "taken from a Greek
play called ' Onacos,* written by Demophi-
lus."
AssemlDlyCThe); or, Scotch Refor-
mation. A comedy by " a Scots gentleman "
(Dr. Archibald Pitcaime), wi-itten in 1692,
and first printed in 1722. It was reprinted
in 1766, and Genest holds that "it is clear
from the preface" to that edition "that it
was composed by more than one person.
The authors were" Jacobites, and the comedy
is a severe satire on the Presbytery. There
is a love episode which enlivens the play."
Assig-nation (The); or, Love in
a Nunnery. A comedy in five acts, by
John Drydex (q.v.), first performed at
the Theatre Royal in 1672, with ;Mohun as
the Duke of Mantua, Kynaston as Fre-
derick (his son), Hart as Aurelian, Burt as
Camillo, Cartwright as Mario, ilrs. Reeve as
Ascanio, Haynes as Benito (g.v.),Mrs. James
as Sophronia, Mrs. Marshall as Lucretia,
Mrs. Knapp as Hi2)poUta, Mrs. Boutell as
Laura, and Mrs. Coxe as Violetta.. "It
succeeded ill in the representation," admits
Di-yden in his preface (1673). Langbaine
endeavom-s to show that it owed "some-
thing to the 'Roman Comique' of Scarron,
but Saintsbury characterizes the. charge as
"preposterous." He adds: "Almost all the
incidents are forced, the characters are feebly
marked and hardly at all worked out, the
dialogue is much below the level of ' Marriage
k la Mode ' or ' The Mock Astrologer,' and
the song ' Long between Love and Fear ' is
almost the only redeeming feature in the
play." The scene (satirized in the second
edition of 'The Rehearsal') in which
Frederick pretends to be HI, is in act iv.
'The Assignation' was revived at Drury
Lane in July, 1716. (2) ' The Assignation : ' a
comedy in five acts, by Sophia Lee (q.v.), first
performed at Drury Lane on January 23, 1S07.
The cast included EUiston, Bannister,
Wroughton, H. Siddons, Mathews, Miss
Pope, Mrs. H. Siddons, etc. "It was only
performed once, the public thinking that
much of the satire was aimed at pubUc
characters, and therefore naturally evincing
displeasure." (3) ' The Assignation ; or,
Right at Last : ' a musical piece in two acts,
by Fisher, first performed at Drury Lane
on December 12, 1812. The cast included
Knight, Lovegrove, Miss Kelly, etc. In
this piece a Spanish lady has two admirers,
so hke each other that she cannot distin-
guish one from the other. (4) ' The Assig-
nation ; or, AVhat will my Wife say ? ' a
drama in two acts, by Gilbert Abbott a
Beckett (q.v.), first performed at the St.
James's Theatre, London, on September 29,
1837, with Harley, Miss Allison, and ^Nldme.
Sala in the cast.
Assinico (or Assinego). A clown or
fool in the "extemporal" play ' Tamar Cam '
(q.v.). The part was played by Gabriel
Singer (q.v.).
Assommoir (L'). The English drama-
tizations of this famous work by ]M. Zola
have been numerous. In 1S79 there appeared
two plays called ' L' Assommoir ; or. The
Curse of Drink ' — one by W. Sidney, at
Glasgow, in August ; the other by J. Foote,
at Dewsbury, in September. For other
English adaptations, see the references to
' Del. Trem.,' 'Destroyed by Drink,' ' Drink,'
' Gin,' ' Worship of Bacchus,' etc. Au-
GUSTIX Daly's version of ' L' Assommoir'
was produced at the Olympic Theatre, New
York, in 1879, with !Miss M. Granger as
Gervaise, ]\Iiss Emily Rigl as Virninie, and
Miss Ada Rehan as Big Clemence (afterwards
as Virginie).
" Assume a virttie, if you have it
not." — 'Hamlet,' act iii. sc. 4 (Ramlet to
the Queen).
Assumption of the Virg-in (The).
A "mystery" performed in Lincoln Cathe-
dral in June, 14SS.
"Assurance doubly sure, I'll
raake." — 'Macbeth,' act iv. sc. 1.
" Assurance of a man, To give the
world." — 'Hamlet, act iii. sc. 4.
Astaroth. Spirit of the earth in Lord
Byrons ' Manfred ' (q.v.). See Astoroth.
Astarte, in Lord Byron's ']\Ianfred'
(q.v.), is the lady beloved by the hero. She
figures in A BECKETT'S 'Man-Fred' as Ann
Starkie (q.v.).
Asteria. (1) The queen's confidante in
Dryden's 'Secret Love' (q.v.). (2) A cha-
racter in J. S. Coyne's ' All for Love ' (q.v.).
Astley, Hamilton, actor, was in the
original casts of ' Estranged ' (1881), Gilbert's
'Foggerty's Fairy' (1881), 'Cupid in Camp'
(1S82), Nisbet and Rae's ' Cousin Johnny '
(1885), • The Skeleton ' (1SS7), etc.
Astlej^, Philip. Equestrian and thea-
trical manager ; bom 1742, at Xewcastle-
under-Lyme ; died in Paris, 1814. The son
of a cabinet-maker, he was brought up to
the trade, but when about seventeen joined
the army, and became, we are told, " rouoh-
rider and breaker-in." After seeing service
abroad, he obtained his discharge, and gave
exhibitions of horsemanship at Lambeth and
in various parts of the provinces, occasionally
adding to his means by cabinet-making. In
1770 he erected in Lambeth a wooden un-
roofed circus, where performances were given
during the daytime. The building, enlarged
and otherwise improved, was named "The
Amphitheatre Riding House," and opened
in 17S1 for evening representations. Two
years afterwards Astley was imprisoned for
not having a Licence ; but that was soon
gi-anted to him, and on receiving it he
redecorated his theatre and called it "The
Royal Grove." Later he established a circus
at Paris, but, the Revolution intervening, it
ASTLEY'S AMPHITHEATRE
87
AT HOME
was utilized as barracks. About this time
Astley rejoined the army, and Avhilst abroad
j was informed of the destruction of the
I Eoyal Grove by fire. He promptly engaged
' the old Lyceum for his performances, and
began to rebuild his theatre. This was
opened in 1794, and in 1798 rechristened, by
permission, " Astley's Royal Amphitheatre."
Unfortunately, it was burned down in 1S03,
at a loss of £25,000. A new building was
opened in 1804, but Astley now retired from
the enterprise in favour of his son, and
turned his attention to the erection of an
amphitheatre on the other side of tlie
Thames. The result of his labours was the
Olympic Pavilion, built on the site of the
existing Olympic Theatre, and licensed for
! "music, dancing, burlettas, pantomimes,
i and equestrian exhibitions." By this, it
I is said, he was a loser to the amount of
: £10,000. In 1812 he let the pavilion to
[ Elliston, and two years afterwards he died.
f His son (died 1821) was also a celebrated
i equestrian performer. His wife is described
! as "a minor actress of much merit." In
' Records of a Veteran ' we read that ' ' Poor
old Astley used to talk of a ' krokudile wat
stopped Halexander's harmy, and when cut
hopen had a man in harmour in its hintel-
lects.' He (Astley) had two or three hard
words that he invariably misapplied. ' Pes-
tiferous' he always substituted for 'pusil-
lanimous.' and he was wont to observe that
he should be a ruined man, for his horses
ate most vociferously." See De Castro's
'Memoirs' (1824), Brayley's 'Theatres of
London ' (1833), and ' Dictionary of National
Biography ' (1885).
Astley's AmpMtlieati'e. See Lon-
don Theatres.
Astolfo. Brother of Leandro in D. Jer-
ROLD'S ' Devil's Ducat ' (q.v.).
Aston, Anthony. Actor, dramatist,
and miscellaneous writer ; was educated as
an attorney, and became an actor towards
the end of' the reign of William III. ; gave
a musical and dramatic entertainment, called
'The Medley,' in the English provinces,
and in 1717 performed at the Globe and
Marlborough taverns in Fleet Street. He
was announced to perform at Lincoln's Inn
Fields Theatre in 1722. In 1735 he peti-
tioned and spoke against the proposed bill
for regulating the stage, and both petition
and speech were printed in the same year.
Chetwood, in his ' History ' (1749), speaks
of Aston as " travelling still, and as well
known as the post-horse that carries the
maC" Aston was the author of ' A Brief
Supplement to CoUey Gibber, Esq., his
Lives of the Famous Actors and Actresses '
(1748). He also wrote ' Love in a Hurry,'
comedy (about 1709), and ' Pastora ; or. The
Coy Shepherdess ' (1712). ' The Fool's Opera ;
or. The Taste of the Age' (printed about
1731) is attributed to him ; it was prefaced
by "a sketch of the life of INIr. Anthony
Aston." See Chet wood's ' History of the
Staee' (1749), 'The Thespian Dictionary'
(1805), and Genest's ' English Stage' (1S32).
Aston, Joseph. Dramatist, journalist,
and miscellaneous writer ; born in Man-
chester, 1762 ; died 1844 ; was the author of
'Conscience,* a comedy (1815); 'Retribu-
tive Justice,' a tragedy ; and ' A Family
Story,' a comedy. His other prose works
related mainly to Manchester. See 'Dic-
tionary of National Biography ' (1885).
Aston, "Walter. Author of 'The Re-
storation of King Charles the Second ; or.
The Life and Death of Oliver Cromwell,' an
unacted ballad opera, printed 1733.
Astor Opera House. See New York
Theatres.
Astorax. King of Paphos in Beau-
mont and Fletcher's 'Mad Lover' (q.v.).
Astoroth. Spirit of fire and Prince of
Grenada, in R, Lacy's 'Robert the Devil'
(q.v.). See Astaroth,
Astounding- Phenomenon (An). A
farce, in which C. J. Mathews appeared.
Astrabel. Daughter of Brazzo, and
married to Beraldo, in W. Dunlap's ' Italian
Father ' {q.v.).
Astraea. The name by which Aphra
Behn {q.v.) is alluded to by Pope (in his
' Imitations of Horace ')—
"The stage how loosely does Astrsea tread ! "
]\Irs. Behn herself adopted the name, which
is the title of a French romance by D'Urfe
(1610).
Astraea; or. True Love's Mirror.
A play by Leonard Willan, founded on
D'Urfe's romance, and printed in 1651. (2)
' Astrsea Appeased : ' a dramatic piece, trans-
lated by Francis 0liva.ri from the ItaUan
of Metastasio {q.v.).
Astragalus. "King of the Alps" in
BucKSTONE's drama of that name {q.v.).
Astrag-o. A physician in Davenant's
' Gondibert' {q.v.).
Astrologer (The). See Albumazar.
Astronomer (The). A farce by Amph-
lett, performed at Wolverhauipton'in 1802.
" At heaven's gates she claps her
wings."— Lyly, ' Alexander and Cam-
paspe.' "She" is the lark. So Shake-
speare—
"Hark, hark I the lark at heaven's gate sings.
And Milton—
" Ye birds
Tliat singing up to heaven's gate ascend."
At Home. (1) An anonymous farce, first
performed at Covent Garden on February
25, 1813, with Mathews as Romeo rMiitall,
Liston as Cajytain Dash, and other parts by
Blanchard, Farley, Emery, Miss S. Booth,
and Mrs. Davenport. Captain Dash gave
an "At Home," at which iMathews burlesqued
the well-known " amateur of fashion,"
"Romeo" Coates (g.v.), under the name of
Romeo Rantall {q.v.). There is also a slight
love story in the piece. See Drill. (2)
The title given by Charles Mathews
AT LAST
88
ATHELSTAN
(q.v.) to entertainments started by him in
1818, See his ' Memoirs ' (1839).
At Last. A play by Paul Merritt
(q.v.), first performed at Wallack's Theatre,
New York, on December 30, 1878, with a
cast including Lester Wallack, C. F. Cogh-
lan, Miss Rose Coghlan, and Miss Effie
Germon. (2) ' At Last ; or, A New Life : '
drama by L. Clarence, Great Grimsby,
September 17, 1883. (3) 'At Last :' come-
dietta by H. Go UGH and A. M. Edwards,
Bristol, March 19, 1886.
At Sixes and Sevens. A comedietta
in one act, by J. Maddison Morton (q.v.).
The characters include Colonel, Mrs., and
Hector Scrimmage, and Teddington Locke
(a barrister).
Atalanta; or, The Three Golden
Apples. A burlesque by Francis Tal-
FOURD (q.v.), entitled, in full, ' An Entirely
New Classical Love-Story, originally sug-
gested by Ovid, under the name, or rather
apple-ation, of Atalanta ; or. The Three
Golden Apples,' and first performed at the
Haymarket Theatre, London, on April 31,
1857, with Miss M. Oliver in the title part.
Miss M. Wilton as Cupid, Mrs. Poynter as
Missisarris, Chippendale as Schoenus, Comp-
ton as Paidagogos. " I made a decided hit
in my part," writes Mrs. Bancroft in her
memoirs. The piece was revived at the
Haymarket in July, 1870. (2) ' Atalanta : '
a travesty on the same subject, by G. P.
Hawtrey (q.v.), was produced at the Strand
Theatre, London, on November 17, 1888,
with W. F. Hawtrey as Schoenus, F. Wyatt
as Hipj^omenes, Fleming Norton as Socrates,
T. Squire as Lysimachus, Miss Alma Stanley
as Aphrodite, and Miss M. Linden as Ata-
lanta.
Atalanta in Calydon. A dramatic
poem by Algernon Charles Swinburne
(q.v.), published in 1864. Lowell says of
this work that " the choosing a theme
which ^schylus had handled in one of his
lost tragedies is justified by a certain
^schylean flavour in the treatment. The
chorus has often an imaginative lift in
it, an ethereal charm of phrase, of which
it is the highest praise to say that it re-
minds us of him who soars over the other
Greek tragedians like an eagle."
" Atalanta's better part. "—' As You
Like It,' act iii. sc. 2.
Ataliba. The Inca of Peru, against
whom Pizarro, in Sheridan's play (q.v.),
wages war.
Atall. (1) Sir Positive At-all is one of
" the impertinents " in Shad well's ' Sullen
Lovers' (g.w.). Sir Robert Howard is said
to have been the original of this character.
(2) Sir Harry Atall, and his son, figure in
Cibber's ' Double Gallant ' (q-v.).
Atav GrtQl. A play founded by G.
Almar (q.v.) on a romance by Eugene Sue,
and first performed at the Royalty Theatre,
London, on November 12, 1861, with a cast
including Miss Ellen Terry and David
James.
Atchi ! A comedietta in one act, by J.
Maddison Morton (q.v.), first performed at
the Prince of Wales's Theatre, London, on
September 21, 1868, with H. J. ]\Iontagu as
Lord Adonis Fickleton, W. Blakeley as Sir
Martin Mayduke, W. J. Hill as Larkins, Miss
Carlotta Addison as Lady Maj/duke, and Miss
Augusta Wilton as Emily Har grave. The
piece derives its name from a new snuff
which Sir Martin Mayduke has invented,
and which makes everybody sneeze at the
wrong moment.
Athaliah. (1) An ixnacted tragedy by
W. Dunco:mbe, translated from the 'Athalie '
(q.v.) of Racine, and printed in 1724 and
1726. (2) An unfinished tragedy by TnoiLiS
Brereton.
Athalie. A tragedy by Racine (1690),
translated into English by Knight (1822).
See Athaliah.
Athanasia. A character in Kenney's
'Benyousky ' (q.v.).
Atheist (The); or, The Second
Part of the Soldier's Portune. A
comedy by Thomas Oxway (q.v.), fii-st per-
formed at Dorset Garden, and printed in 1684,
when it was revived at the Theatre Royal,
with Underbill as the hero (Daredevil), Bet-
terton as young Beaugard, Leigh as old
Beaugard, and other characters by Mi'S.
Barry, etc. "It is not a bad play," says
Genest, " but very inferior to ' The Soldier's
Fortune' [q.v.]. . . . The epUogue is a cut on
the city and the Whigs."
Atheist's Tragedy (The); or, The
Honest Man's Reveng-e. A play by
Cvril Tourneur (q.v.), acted, probably,
in 1603, and printed in 1611 and 1792. The
atheist is D'Amville, who helps Charle-
mont, his nephew, to go abroad, and
then marries his son Rousard to Charle-
mont's lady-love, Castabella. Then, Charle-
mont being supposed to be dead, his father,
Montferrers, makes a will in favour of
D'Amville, who thereupon kills him and
takes his estates. Eventually, Charlemont
returns : Rousard dies, D'Amville acciden-
tally kills himself, and Charlemont and Cas-
tabella are united. The underplot has to
do with the love affairs of Levidulcia, the
wife of Belforest, and is taken largely from
Boccaccio. See the Retrospective Review,
vol. vii.
Atheling-, Edgar. See Edgar Athe-
LING.
Athelney, Dr. and Ted. A colonial
bishop-elect, and his son, in Gilbert's
' Charity' (q.v.)
Athelstan. A tragedy by Dr. John
Browne, first performed at Drury Lane on
February 27, 1756, with Garrick in the title
part, Murphy as Gothmund, Mrs. Cibber as
Thyra, and 'Ross, Jefferson, etc., in other
characters. Thyra, daughter of Athelstan,
is captured by the Danes, whose commander.
ATHELWOLD
ATKINSON
•Gothmiind, threatens her virtue. Athelstan,
going to Thyra's tent to kill Gothmimd,
stabs his daughter by mistake, and dies of a
broken heart. See Ethelstan and Turn-
coat.
Athelwold. (1) A tragedy by Aaron
Hill (q.v.), first performed at Drury Lane
on December 10, 1731, with BridgeA\-ater in
the title part, Mrs. Booth as Elfn'd, and
other roles by Mills, Theophilus Gibber, and
Mrs. Gibber. Hill had dealt -s^ith the sub-
ject in a previous play. See Elfrid. (2)
A tragedy by W. Smith, performed at Drury
Lane in "May, 1843, with W. G. Macready in
the title part, Anderson as Udgar, Phelps as
Dunstan, and Miss H. Faucit as Elfrida.
Athelwold. (1) A character in Mason's
■• Elfrida ' {q.v.). (2) Earl of Northumberland,
in adaptations of ' Gatherine Howard ' {q.v.).
Athenais. Daughter of Movlinet, and
wife of Due de BU<jn.y, in ' The Ironmastei '
{q.v.).
Athenian CaiDtive (The). A tragedy
in five acts, by Sir T. X. Talfourd {q.v.), first
performed at the Haymarket Theatre, April
28, 1S38, with Miss llelen Faucit as Creusa,
Mrs. Warner as Ismene, INIacready as Thoas,
Warde as Creon, Anderson as Hyllus, and
Howe as Lycus. Macready, after reading
the work, wrote (January, 1838): "No one
could believe it to be by the author of
* Ion ; ' it has nothing of "it but its faults
of style exaggerated."
Athenian Coffee-house (The). An
anonymous comedy mentioned in Whincop's
catalog\ie, and supposed by the authors of
the 'liiographia Dramatica' to be identical
with the piece called ' The New Athenian
€omedy ' (in ' The British Theatre ')•
Atherly Court. A play by John
Brougham {q.v.), produced at the Union
Square Theatre, New York, in .January,
1873, with Mark Smith as Fanner Grace.
Atherstone, Edwin. Poet and drama-
tist, born 1788, died 1872 ; wrote three
dramatic works — ' Pelopidas ; or. The De-
liverance of Thebes,' ' Philip,' and ' Love.
Poetry, Philosophy, and Fact'— published
in 1888, with a preface by his daughter.
Atherton, Alice. Actress, died 1S99 ;
•appeared in London in the following parts :
—Tessy in H. Paulton's ' The Babes ' (1884),
Charlie Cott in ' Blackberries ' (1886), Tommy
in 'The Goming Clown' (1836), Agatha in
Warren's 'Modern Wives' (18S7), Ivv in
Melford's play of that name (1887), Katti
in Fawcett's play of that name (18SS), the
Chevalier in Burnand's ' Airev Annie ' (1888),
Collie Parker in Goffin's 'Ru"n Wild' (1888),
Daisy in ' Cycling' (ISSS), Aladdin in Byron
and Chevalier's burlesque (ISSS), Mimi May-
Jieiv in Warren and Edouin"s ' Our Daughters '
(1891). Ladn Bettn Vane in Thomas and
Barry's ' A Night's Frolic ' (1891), Jeffie in
"Hans the Boatman' (1891-2), Clairette in
•Trooper Clairette' (1893), Ruby in 'Binks'
(1894), and Jane Shore in Richard-Henry's
' Jaunty Jane Shore ' (1894).
Athlete (The). See Man and Wife.
Athos. One of the " three musketeers *
in C. Rice's play of that name {q.v.). He
figures also in J. and H. Paulton's bur-
lesque, ' The Three Musket-Dears ' {q.v.).
Atkins. Actor and manager at Belfast
and Newry. INIrs. Siddons, Chen-y, and
other actors and actresses appeared imder
his auspices. See 'The Thespian Dictionary'
(1805).
Atkins, Edward. Actor, born 1819,
died April 8, 1S83 ; made his debut in
London in 1861, at Drury Lane ; played
Polyphemus in ' Acis and Galatea ' at
the Olympic Theatre, London, in 1863 ;
Autolycus in ' The Winter's Tale ' at
Drury Lane, in 1878 ; and the following
original parts : — ./ffl?n<'.s Dalton in 'The
Ticket of Leave Man ' at the Olympic, in
1863 ; David Michaelmas in ' Black and
White ' at the Adelphi, in 1869 ; Marat in
•Corinne' at the Lyceum, in July, 1872;
Warwick in Du Terreaux' ' Last of the
Barons,' in the same year ; and Savage Mike
in ' The Detective ' at the Mirror, in 1875,
etc.
Atkins, Mrs. Actress and vocalist;
daughter of ^Nlrs. Warrell {q.v.) ; a pupil of
Rauzzini, and admired at Bath before she
made her debut in London, at the Hay-
market, in 1797. She was afterwards en-
gaged at Govent Garden. See ' The Thes-
pian Dictionary ' (1805).
Atkins, "Will, appears in the various
burlesques of ' Robinson Crusoe' {q.v.).
Atkinson, Joseph. Dramatist, born in
Ireland, 1743 ; died ISIS ; was for some time
in the army ; author of ' The Mutual De-
ception,' a comedy (178.5), ' A Match for a
Widow,' an opera (1787), and ' Love in a
Blaze,' a comic opera (1800). See 'The
Thespian Dictionary ' (1805).
Atkinson, Miss. Actress ; made her
London d6but at Sadler's Wells Theatre in
September, 1853, as the Queen in 'Ham-
let.' She afterwards appeared there in
the following parts :— The Queen in 'Peri-
cles ' (1854), Hermione in ' The Winter's
Tale' (1855). Katherine in 'The Taming of
the Shrew ' (1856), Olivia in ' Twelfth Night '
(1857), Young Mrs. Lambert in ' The Hypo-
crite' (1858). i»/r.<;. Woodville in 'The Wheel
of Fortune ' (1858), Francesca in Taylor's
'Fool's Revenge ' (1859), Josephine in ' Wer-
ner' (1860), Fmilia in 'Othello' (1861).
Portia in 'Julius CcTsar' (1861), Goneril in
« King Lear ' (1861), and Elvira in ' Pizarro '
(1862). She was also seen at the New West-
minster in 1863 as Meg Murdockson in 'The
Trial of Effie Deans,' at Drury Lane in 1864
as Duchess of Ferrara in Falconer's ' Night
and Morning ' and the Queen in ' Gymbe-
line,' and at the same theatre in 1865 as
Constance in ' King John.'
Atkinson, Thomas. Dramatist and
ATONEMENT
90
ATJDRAN
divine, born 1600, died 1639 ; presumalily
the author of the manuscript Latin tragedy-
called 'Homo' {q.v.). He held successively
the livings of South Warnborough in Hamp-
shire, and Islip in Oxfordshire (1637-8). He
•wrote two Latin poems. See Wood's ' Athe-
nae Oxonieuses.'
Atonement. A romantic drama in a
prologue and four acts, founded on Victor
Hugo's 'Les Miserables' (q.v.) by W. MUS-
KERRY {q.v.), and first performed at the
Victoria Theatre, London, on August 31,
1872 ; revived at Sadler's Wells on Septem-
ber 14, 1872 ; played at Manchester in 1877
in ten "tableaux."
Atreus and Thyestes. An unacted
tragedy (1821), adapted by Sinnett from the
French of Crebillon. See Thyestes.
Atrocious Criminal (An). Afarcein
one act, by J. Palgraye Simpson {q.v.), first
performed at the Olympic Theatre, London,
on February 18, 1867, with a ca.- - including
J. Clayton, Mrs. Stephens, Miss Amy
Sheridan, and Miss E. Farren.
Atropos. One of the three destinies in
Lord Byron's ' Manfred ' {q.v.).
Attack of th.e Dilig-ence (The). See
Amherst, G. A.
Attewel, George. Actor ; a member
of Henslowe's company, and perhaps the
father of Hugh Atwell {q.v.).
Attic Story (The). A farce in one act,
by J. Maddison Morton {q.v.) ; played at
Drury Lane in 1842, with Selby as Captain
Carbi7ie, Keeley as Gabriel Poddy, Mrs.
Selby as Mrs. Carbine, and Mrs. Keeley as
Mrs. Poddy ; performed at New York in the
following year.
Attila, the Last of the Huns. A
drama performed at the Bowery Theatre,
New York, in April, 1839.
Attwood, Thomas. Musician, born in
London, November 23, 1765 ; died 1838 ; fur-
nished the music for ' The Prisoner ' (1792),
' The Mariners ' (1793), ' Caernarvon Castle '
(1793), 'The Adopted Child' (1795), 'The
Poor Sailor ' (1795), ' The Smugglers ' (1796),
' The Mouth of the Nile ' (179S), ' The Devil
of a Lover ' (1798), ' A Day at Rome ' (1798),
♦The Castle of Sorrento' (1799), 'The Red
Cross Knights' (1799), 'The Old Clothes-
man ' (1799), ' The INLagic Oak ' (1799), ' True
Friends' (1800), 'The Dominion of Fancy'
(1800), 'H Bondocani' (1801), 'St. David's
Day ' (1801), and ' The Curfew ' (1807). See
' Dictionary of Music ' (1879), and ' Dictionary
of National Biography ' (1885). See ESCAPES,
The ; Guy Mannering.
At'well, Hugrh. Actor ; one of the " chil-
dren of her Majesty's Revels" in 1609, and
a member of the cast of Jonson's ' Epicene'
In that year. He belonged also, at one time,
to Alleyn's company. W. Rowley published
in 1621 "a funeral eligy" on the death of
Atwell, whom he described as " servant
to Prince Charles." The elegy concluded
with the following epitaph : —
" Here lyes the man (and let no lyars tell).
His heart a Saints, his toung a silver bell ;
Friend to his friend he stood : by Death he fell ;
He changed his Eugh, yet he remains At-welL"
The name is spelt " Attawell " and " Atte-
wel " {q.v.). See ' The Alleyn Papers ' (1843),
and Collier's ' Dramatic Poetry ' (1831-79).
Auher, Daniel Francois Esprit.
A French composer (1784-1871), some of
whose operas have been performed in Eng-
land, both in English and Italian ; for ex-
ample : ' Masaniello ' (1S29), ' Era Diavolo '
(1831), 'The Bronze Horse' (1836), 'The
Crown Diamonds' (1844), and 'The Black
Domino' (1861).
Auberg-e des Adrets (L'). See
Roadside Lnn, The; Robert Macaire;
Two Murderers.
Auhert, Mrs. To this lady is ascribed
' Harlequin Hydaspes ' {q.v.).
Aubin, Mrs. Author of 'The Merry
Masqueraders ' {q.v.).
Aubrey. (1) Augusta Auhrey is the
heroine of Cumberland's ' Fashionable
Lover' {q.v.). {2,) Madame Aubrey is a lead-
ing character in P. Edwards and L. Wal-
LACK'S ' Honour before Wealth' (g.-y.). (3)
Mr. and Mrs. Aubrey are characters in ' A
Curious Case ' {q.v.).
Aubrey, Kate. Actress, born at Staf-
ford ; made her first appearance at Derby
in 1874. Her London dtibut took place ii:
December, 1876, at tlie Court Theatre
where, in 1878, she "created" the par:
of Sophia in Wills's ' Olivia.' She Avas iu
the first cast of Cellier's ' Nell Gwynne.'
Among the other roles she has played are
Rosa Dartle in ' Little Em'ly,' Fanny' Banter
in ' New Men and Old Acres,' and Pedro iu
' Girofld-Giroflu.'
Auchindrane; or, The Ayrshire
Tragedy. A play in three acts, by Sii
AYalter Scott {q.v.), published in 1830
with a preface detailing the historical facts
on which it is founded.
Auction (The). A farce by Theophilu<
Cibber {q.v.), adapted from Fielding's ' His
torical Register ; ' played at the Haymarket
and printed in 1757.
Auction of Pictures (The). A mono;
log-ue by Samuel Foote {q.v.), given b:
him at "the Haymarket in April, 1748. li'
the course of this entertainment, which wa:
a satire on the prevailing rage for the an
tique, the comedian introduced imitation
of several public characters, including th'
famous Orator Henley.
Audley, Lady and Robert, figur
in the various dramatizations of Mis
Braddon's 'Lady Audley's Secret' {q.v.'.
They are also among the 'personce of H. J
Byron's pitce d'occasion, ' 1863 ' {q-v.).
Audran, Edmond. A French com
poser (died 1901), many of whose works hav
AUDREY
91
AUNT JACK
leen performed in England. See Cigale, La ;
jILLETtf, ; Gra.\d Mogul, Le ; Indiana;
JLivETTE ; Mascotte, La ; Miss Decima ;
?0UPEE, La ; Toledad, La.
Audrey. A country wench in 'As
You Like It' (q-v.). She first appears in
let iii. so. 3. "I am not fair," she says,
'and therefore I pray the gods make me
lonest." She is beloved by William, but is
jspoused by Touchstone, who describes her
IS "an ill-favoured thing, sir, but mine
)wn."
Aufait, Mr. Achilles. A character
n R. B. Peake's ' Lying in Ordinary ' {q.v.).
Aug^arde, Amy. Actress and vocalist,
.iorn 1868 ; created the role of Ladu Anne
Terningham in A. Cellier's 'Doris' (g. v.);
aas played in London Lydia in Cellier's
Dorothy ' (q.v.), Madame Lange in ' La FUle
le Madame Angot ' (^i-V-), etc.
Aug-ier, Emile. The following works of
:his French dramatist (1820-1889) have been
idapted to the English stage : ' Cigue' (1844),
L'Aventuriere (1848), 'Gabrielle' (1849),
Le Gendre de M. Poirier' (1855), ' Les
Fourchambault ' (1878), and 'Le Mariage
rOlynipe' (1897)— all of which see. His
Lionnes Pauvres '(1858) was adapted under
.;he title of ' A False Step,' but was refused
i licence by tlie English censor (187S).
I'M. Augier," says Brander Matthews,
('inherits the best traditions of French
i^omedy. He is a true child of Beaumar-
■■;hais, a true grandchild of ]Moliere. He has
■;he Gallic thrust of the one, and something
)f the broad utterance of the other and
p-eater" ('French Dramatists of the Nine-
);eenth Century'). " M. Augier," says Dut-
.;on Cook, "is nothing if not didactic; he
IS witty and eloquent ; the stage is to him
.something of a pulpit, and he finds in Paris
;ittentive and admiring audiences of his
Jioral essays by reason of the striking illus-
trations that accompany them " (' Nights
it the Play'). See Barrister, The.
' Augurs, The Mask of, was performed
at Court on Twelfth Night, 1622, and again
Dn aiay 6, 1622. It was by Ben Jonson.
"Prince Charles," says Fleay, "led the
augurs. The prototype of Vangoose, the
Britain born, who speaks all languages in
iU Enghsh, ought to be discoverable, but I
cannot discover him."
Aug-usta. (1) The name under fwhich
London is personified in Dryden's ' Albion
and Albanius' {q.v.). (2) Mother of Gus-
tavus Vasa, in Brooke's play of that name
iq-v.). (3) A character in Taylor's ' Our
American Cousin' {q.v.).
Aug-usta ; or, The Blind Girl. A
drama in three acts, first performed at Drury
Lane on January 14, 1823, Mith Cooper,
Knight, S. Penley, Mrs. Davison, and Mrs,
W. AVest in the oast.
Aug-ustus Caesar. A play printed in
1687. 'Augustus' is the name, also, of a
tragedy by Edward Biddle, one act of
which was printed in 1717.
Aug-vistus and Giilielmus; or,
The Villag-ers. A melodrama by W. A.
Holland, acted at the Haymarket in March,
1806.
Auld Acquaintance. A one-act play
by Joseph Dilley {q.v.), first performed at
St. George's Hall, London, on March 23, 1878,
with a cast including F. H. INIacklin and
Miss B. Henri ; revived at the Vaudeville
Theatre in lSSO-1.
Auld Lang- Syiae. (1) A comedy-
drama in three acts, by G. L. Gordon {q.v.),
first performed at the Princess's Theatre,
Edinburgh, in November, 1877 ; in London,
at the Park Theatre, on May 27, 1878. (2)
A play in one act, by Lorma Leigh, Lad-
broke Hall, London, June, 1891. (3) A
comedietta by Basil Hood, Prince of Wales's
Theatre, London, November 5, 1892,
Auld Man and his "Wife (The). An
interlude by Sir David Lindsay, printed in
1602.
Auld Kobin Gray. (1) A musical
piece in two acts, by Samuel Arnold {q.v.),
first performed at the Haymarket Theatre,
London, on July 29, 1794, with C. Kemble as
Jamie, Miss Leak as Jenny, Suett as Robin,
and other parts by Fawcett, Miss De Camp,
and Mrs. Bland. The piece "ends with
Jamie's return, rich and faithful, in time to
prevent Jenny's marriage with the good old
man." (2) A ballet, first performed at Drury
Lane on May 13, 1814. (3) A musical piece
by Jonathan Blewitt, (4) A drama in
one act, adapted from Theuriet's ' Jean
Marie' by George Roy, and first performed
at the Imperial Theatre, London, on Sep-
tember 22, 1883. See Daddy Gray.
Aulularia. A comedy by Plautus
(B.C. 254-184) ; played before Queen Eliza-
beth at Cambridge in 1564 ; translated into
English blank verse by Thornton, AVarner,
and Colman (1769-1774). See also the trans-
lations by Cotter (1827) and Riley (1852).
Aung-ier Street Theatre. See Dub-
LIN Theatres.
Aunt Charlotte's Maid. See OUB
French L^vdy's Maid.
Aunt in Virg-inia (An). A farce per-
formed at the Park Theatre, New York, in
May, 1828, with Maywood as Mrs. Clatter-
penny.
Aunt Jack. A farce in three acts, by
Ralph R. Lumley {q.v.), first performed at
the Court Theatre, London, on July 13, 1889,
with Mrs. John Wood in the title rdle, and
A. Cecil, Eric Lewis, AV. Grossmith, Miss R.
Filippi, and ]Miss F. AA'ood in other parts ;
produced in New York, at 'the Madison
Square Theatre, on October 31, 1889, with
Mrs. Agnes Booth in the title part, sup-
ported by J. H. Stoddart, E. M. HoUand, F.
Robinson, and L. Massen; revived at the
Court Theatre, liondon, in November, 1891,
with Mrs. J.AA'ood, supported by E. Righton,
G. Giddens, H. Reeves - Smith, Seymour
Hicks, Miss S. A'aughan, and Miss E.
Matthews.
AUNTIE
AURORA FLOYD
Auntie. A " farcical piece " in three acts,
by H. J. Byron (q.v.), performed at Toole's
Theatre on March 13, 1SS2, with J. L. Toole
as Bunny, Miss Emily Thorne in the title
part (Mrs. Draaooner), and other rules by E.
w. Garden, E."©. Ward, J. Billington, Miss
Winifred Emery, Miss Effie Liston, and
Miss EUza Johnstone.
Aunt's Advice. A comedietta, adapted
from 'Livre III. Chapitre I.' by E. A.
SOTHERN (g.r.), and first performed at the
Haymarket Theatre, London, in December 3,
1861, with the author as Captain Leslie,
Howe as Arundel, and Miss M. Oliver as
Mrs. Arundel; revived at the Shaftesbury
Theatre, London, in 1SS9, with E. S. Willard
and Mrs. Willard as Captain Leslie and
Mrs. Arundel. See BOOK III. Chapter I. ;
Novel Expedient, A; Subterfuge, A.,
etc.
Aura. A character in Johnson's ' Coun-
try Lasses,'
Aurelia. (1) Duchess of Pietro Jacomo
in Marston's 'Malcontent' (q.v.). HazUtt
says that "the part of Aurelia, a dissolute
and proud-spirited woman, is the highest
strain of IMarston's pen." (2) Aurelia, in
Mrs. Cextlivre's ' Perjured Husband' (q.v.),
is in love with Count Bassino.
Aurelio and Miranda. A play in five
acts, by J. Boaden (q.v.), founded on M. G.
Lewis's novel ' The Monk,' and first per-
formed at Drury Lane on December 29,
1798, with Kemble as Aurelio, ^Mrs. Siddons
as Miranda, Mrs. Powell as Agnes, Barry-
more as Raymond, and other parts by Ban-
nister, .iun., C. Kemble, Wewitzer, Archer,
Mrs. Bland, etc. Aurelio is a monk, with
whom Miranda has fallen in love, and
whom she attends in the guise of a boy.
'^^llen she reveals her sex, Aurelio recipro-
cates her affection, and, being released from
his vows, is enabled to mai-ry her. Agnes
and Raymond are in love, and the adventures
of Agnes in a nunnery form the underplot.
"A ludicrous circumstance," says Genest,
" took place on the first night. In the fifth
act, when Mrs. Siddons took the child from
Mrs. Powell, there happened to be some
hissing. Mrs. Siddons, not liking this, made
her exit more rapidly than usual. In her
hurry she struck the wooden child so
violently against the door she was going
through, that the head came tumbling down
the stage. ]Mrs. Powell had to say "imme-
diately, ' Immortal power, preserve my
chUd.' "
Aureng-ze'be ; or, The Great Mogrul.
A tragedy by John Dryden (^.r.), probably
acted in the spring of 1675, and printed in
that year. The first cast included Hart as
Aurengzebe, ISIohun as the Emperor, Mrs.
Marshall as Kourmahal, Kynaston as Morat,
Mrs. Cox as Indamora, and Mrs. Corbet as
Melesinda. The scene is in Agra in 1660.
The Emperor desires his son Aurengzebe to
resign to him Indamora, the captive queen
with whom both are in love. Aurengzebe
refuses, and the Emperor thereupon con-
nives with his other son Morat, and Aureng'
zebe is put in confinement. Nourmalial, the
Empress, loves him, but he rejects her ad
vances, and she attempts to poison him.
The Emperor and Morat quarrel ; the former
makes friends with Aurengzebe, and the
last-named defeats the forces of his brother,
Avho dies of his wounds. His wife, Mele-
sinda, commits suicide ; Xourmalial Yioi'ions,
herself and dies mad ; and Aurengzebe and
Indamora are made happy. Davies describes
the piece as the author's "last and most
perfect rhyming tragedy. The passions are
strongly depicted, the" characters well dis-
criminated, and the diction more famUiai
and dramatic than in any of his preceding
pieces" ('Dramatic Miscellanies'). "The
verse used," says Scott, "is of that kind
which may be most easily applied to the
purposes of ordinary dialogue." It is ir
this tragedy that we find the well-knowr
description of life—
" When I consider life, 'tis all a cheat," etc —
which is placed in the mouth of the hero
"Nor," says Scott, "is the answer of Nour
mahal inferior in beauty " —
" 'Tis not for nothing that we life pursue," etc.
Praise is given by Scott to the lines on virtue
also spoken by Aurengzebe —
" How vain is virtue, which directs our ways," etc.
' Aurengzebe ' was revived at Drury Lane i
February, 1708, with Powell as the here
Betterton as the Emperor, Booth as Moral
Mrs. BaiTy as Kourmahal, Mrs. Rogers a
Indamora, and Mrs. Porter as Melesinda
at the same theatre in November, 1709, wit
Mrs. Bradshawas Indamora; and again a,
Drury Lane in December, 1721, with WUk
as Aurengzebe, Mills as the Emperor, Mr:'
Porter as Nourmahal, Mrs. Oldfield as Indt
mora, and Mrs. Younger as Melesinda. St
Prince of Agra.
Auricomous. A character in Bouc
CAULT and Planche'S 'Babil and Bijor
(q.v.).
Aurora. A character in Burnand
' Olympic Games' (q.v.).
Aurora Floyd. This novel by Mi:
Braddon has been dramatized several time
in the form of (1) a play by C. S. Cheltna
(q.v.), produced at the Princess's Tlieatr
London, on March 9, 1863, with Miss An
Sedgwick in the title part, H. Vezin as Joh
Mellish, G. Belmore as Stephen Hargreave
and R. Roxby as James Conyers. (2) A plf
bv B. Webster, jun. (q.v.), first perform*
at the Adelphi Theatre on March IS, 186
with Miss Avonia Jones as the heroin
John Billington as Mellish, B. Webster ;
Hargreaves, and Paul Bedford, R. Rome
J. L. Sefton, and Mrs. Billington in oth.
parts. (3) A play by W. E. Suter (g.r.), pr
duced at the Queen's Theatre on April
1863, with C. Sennett as Hargreaves. (4) '
play by C. H. Hazlewood (q.v.), first pe
formed at the Britannia Theatre on Api
21, 1863. (5) A play by J. B. Ashley ai
AUSTER
93
AUTOLYCUS
Jtril Melton, produced at the Imperial
riieatre in August, 1885.
Auster. Spirit of the storm, in Lord
iYRON's ' Manfred' (q.v.).
■ Austerlitz. (1) Colonel Austerlitz is a
haracter in C. Selby's * Marcelllne ' {q.v.).
2) Sergeant Austerlitz figures, in Mrs.
Core's ' Maid of Croissez ' {q.v.).
. Austerlitz ; or, The Soldier's
Bride. A melodrama in three acts, by
ToHN Thomas Haines {q.v.), first performed
i the Queen's Theatre, London ; played at
■^ew York in January, 1845. See Dead or
A.LIVE.
' Austin. Actor and manager ; performed
'it Druvy Lane under Garrick's management,
md was afterwards manager at Chester.
5ee ' The Thespian Dictionary ' (1805), and
Senest's ' English Stage ' (1832).
Austin. The name adopted by the Lord
3f Clarinsal, in Jephson's 'Count of Nar-
oonne' {q.v.), when he became a monk of
ISt. Nicholas.
Austin, Mrs. Elizabeth. Vocalist ;
born in J]ngland ; made her debut a,t Dublin,
appeared at Drury Lane in 1822 as Rosetta
in ' Love in a Village,' went to America in
1827, and left it in 1835. Among her parts
were Ariel, llosina, Diana Vernon, Lucy
Bertram, Clara (' The Duenna'), and Ajwllo
(' Midas '). See Ireland's ' New York Stage '
(1866).
Australia ; or, The Bushrang-ers.
A drama of Colonial life, by A. G. Stanley
and W. Archer {q.v.), Grecian Theatre,
London, on April 16, 1881.
Author (An) figures in PlanchjS'S ' Mr.
Buckstone's Voyage Round the Globe ' {q.v.).
Author (The). A comedy in two acts,
by Samuel Foote {q.v.), first performed at
Drury Lane on February 5, 1757, with Foote
himself as Cadwallader, Bransbyas old Cape,
Ross as young Ca2:)e, Yates as Vamp, INIrs.
Clive as Mrs. Cadicallader, and Miss Barton
as Arabella. Young Cape is an author and
in love with Arabella, whom he is not rich
enough to marry. He believes his father to
be dead, but old Cape " discovers himself,"
and the loving couple are united. In this
piece Foote pourtrayed, in the persons of
Cape and Vamp {q.v.), the relative positions
held by the A^Titers ajid the publishers of
the time. As Mr. Cadwallader, he gave so
perfect and so ludicrous an imitation of a
Mr, Ap-Rice, a well-known AVelsh gentle-
man, that the latter applied for and ob-
tained the intervention of the lord cham-
Vierlain. The piece was first played in
America in 1787, with Hallam as Cadxval-
lader.
Author and the Bookseller (The). A
" dramatic piece " by Charlotte M'Carthy,
printed in 1765.
Author's Farce (The), and The
Pleasures of the Town. A pi^ce d'occa-
eion by Henry Fielding {q.v.), produced at
the Haymarket in March, 1780, and aimed aft
the prevailing craze for Itahan opera. Luck-
less, the author, writes a "farce," called
' The Pleasures of the Town.' He dubs it
"a puppet-show," and expresses the hope
that it will expel opera and farce as they
have expelled tragedy and comedy. " One
of the scenes lies in the Court of Nonsense.
Signior Optera, Don Tragedio, Sir Farcical
Comtek, Dr. Orator, Monsieur Pantomime,
and Mrs. Novel pay their respects to Non-
sense. She thanks them all, but gives the
preference to Signior Opera." Among the
characters in the farce are Mrs. Moneywood,
Witmore, Bookwright, Marplay, etc. Witmore
says : " When the theatres are puppet-shows
and the comedians ballad-singers ; when
fools lead the town, wou'd a man think to
thrive by his wit ? If you must write, WTite
Nonsense, WTite Operas, write Entertain-
ments."
Author's Triumph (The); or, The
Managrer Manag-ed. A farce which
" should have been acted" at Lincoln's Inn
Fields on April 14, 1737, in which year it
was published. " Dramatick offers a play
to a Manager. He rejects it without reading
it. Dramatick complains to Meccenas. Me-
coinas gives the Manager and the players.
a jobation. At the conclusion Dramatick
marries Clara" (Genest).
Authors (The). A dramatic satire in two
acts, by Lindesius Jones, printed in 1755.
" Authors' Nights." It is not certain
when English dramatists began to accept
the "overplus" of a day's receipts as a por-
tion of the payment for their work. We reaci
that in 1613 Robert Daborne {q.v.) received
for his 'Bellman of London' {q.v.) £12 and
" the overplus of the second day ; " and it
would seem, from a passage in Denham's
prologue to his 'Sophy' (g.y.) — produced
about 1642 — that, at that time, the author's.
" day " was either the second or the third.
" Gentlemen, if you dislike tlie play.
Pray make no words on't till the second day
Or third be liass'd."
By-and-by the third day came to be in-
variably devoted to the playwTight, and
eventually several days were assigned to
him. " The first that had two nights," we
are told, " was Southern ; and the first that
had three was Rowe." When Goldsmith
produced his "Good-natured Man," the
third, sixth, and ninth performances were
" appropriated to the author," and the result
was £400. "Authors' Nights" no longer
exist. See Collier's ' Dramatic Poetry '
(1879) and Dutton Cook's ' Book of the Play '
(1876).
Autolycus. " A rogue " in ' The Win-
ter's Tale' {q.v.). He enters in act iv. sc. 3,
singing—
" AVhen daffodils begin to peer,"
and describes himself as "a snapper-up of
unconsidered trifles." Professor Dowden,
calls Autolijcus " most charming of rogues,"
and says "the sly knavery of Autolycus has
nothing in it that is criminal ; heaven is his
AUTOMATON
9i
AWFUL EISE IX SPIRITS
accomplice. ' If I had a mind to be honest,
I see Fortune would not suffer me ; she drops
booties into my mouth.'" Autolycus also
figures in W. Brough's burlesque 'Perdita'
{q.v.).
Automaton (The). A piece played at
Niblo's Garden, New York, in 1S3S.
Autreval, The Countess d'. See
D'AuTREVAL, Countess.
"Autumn hath all the summer's
fruitful treasure." First line of a song
in Nash's ' Summer's Last Will and Testa-
ment ' {q.v.)—
" Short dnvs, sharp days, long nights come on apace ;
Ah, who shall hide us from the winter's face ? "
"Autumn leaves, autumn leaves,
lie strewn around us here." First
line of a song in DICKENS'S 'Village Co-
quettes' iq.v.).
Aux Printemps. See Six Months
Ago.
Avalanche (The) ; or, The Trials of
the Heart. A romantic drama in three
acts, bv A. Harris {q.v.), first performed at
the Surrey Theatre, London, on October 3,
1854, with Creswick as Frangcis Martel,
H. Widdicomb as Pierre, and Vollaire as
Flashenhaussen ; produced at the Bowery
Theatre, New York, in 1855,
Avarice and Ostentation. A comedy
"from Goldoni," printed in the Theatrical
Recorder.
Avenger (The); or. The Moor of
Sicily. A drama played at the Lafayette
Theatre, New York, in August, 1826, with
Burroughs as John di Procida. (2) 'The
Avenger:' a play by George W. Lovell
iq.v.), first performed at the Surrey Theatre,
London, in 1S35, with Butler in the chief
part. (3) ' The Avenger ; or. Love's Trials : '
a drama performed at the Bowery Theatre,
New York, in September, 1850, with J.
W^allack, jun., as Blackbourn, and Mrs.
"Wallack as Philip.
Aveng-er's "Vow (The). A play by
Charles P. Clinch (q.v.), produced at New
Y''ork in February, 1824, with Maywood as
Go7izago.
Avengers (The). A play by Richard
Penn Smith, performed in America.
Aventuriere (L'). A comedy by Emile
Augier (q.v.), adapted by T. W. Robertson
(q.v.) under the title of ' Home ' (q.v.), by
L. S. OUTRAM under that of 'Late Love'
(q.v.). by H. St. Maur under that of ' What
a Woman ' (q.v.), and by Edward Rose
under that of 'The Adventurers' (q.v.). It
was performed (in the original French) at
the Prince of Wales's Theatre, London, on
May 11, 1880 ; Miss Genevieve Ward being
the Clorinde, Miss Hebert the Celie, H.
Beerbohm Tree the Monte Prade, H. Wigan
the Dario, M. ISIarius the Don Annibal, and
H. St. Maur the Fahrice.
Aventurine. A character in C. Z.
Barneit's ' La Polka' (q.v.).
Avenue Theatre. See London The-
atres.
Averay, Robert. Author of ' Britannia
and the Gods in CouncU,' a dramatic piece,
printed in 1756.
Aveug-le (L'). A drama in five acts, by
MM. Anicet-Bourgeois and D'ENNERY.first
performed at the Gaite, Paris, on March 21,
1S57, with Laferriere as the son and Menier
as the hunchback Doctor. This work has
been adapted to the English and American
stages under the titles of 'Blind,' ' Duprez
and Son,' ' Fortune's Fool,' ' Four Stages
of Life,' ''Struck Blind,' and 'Taken from
Memory,' all of which see.
Avocat d'un Grec (L'). See Retained
for the Defence.
Avondale, Lord. A character in Mor-
ton's ' School of Reform ' (q.v.).
Avonmore, Lord, A character in
Falconer's ' Family Secret ' (q.v.).
Awakening-. See Tears, Idle Tears.
Awakening (The). A comedy in three
acts, by Arthur Benham (q.v.), first per-
formed at the Garrick Theatre, London, on
October 1, 1892, with a cast including Miss
E. Burney, Miss V. Feathorstone, :\Iiss N.
Boucicault, H. Waring, Sant Matthews,
and A. Elwood. (2) A play in four
acts, by C. Haddon Chambers (q.v.),
St. James's Theatre, London, February 6,
1901, with a cast including G. Alexander,
H. B. Irving, Miss Granville, Miss Julie
Opp, Miss orKingston, and Miss Fay Davis.
Awaking. A one-act piece by Campbell
Clarke (q.v.), founded upon the ' Marcel ' of
ISI^NI. Sandeau and De Courcelle, and first per-
formed at the Vaudeville Theatre, London,
on December 14, 1872, with John Clayton as
Victor Tremaine, H. Wigan as Dr. Merrideiv,
and Miss F. Brough as Constance Treraaine.
In this piece, a father, having accidentally
shot one of his children, loses his reason,
and, in order to "awake" him from his
melancholy state, those about him make
believe that the catastrophe was but the
creation of a fancv disordered by brain fever.
See Tears, Idle Tears.
"Away, delights; go seek some
other dwelling." First line of a lyric in
Fletcher's ' Captain ' (q.v.).
Away with Melancholy. A farce
in one act, founded by J. Maddison Morton
(q.v.) on ' Un homme entre deux airs,' and
first performed at the Princess's Theatre,
London, on March 13, 1854, with David
Fisher r.s Windsor Broicn, and other parts
by H. Saker, Miss M. Daly, etc.; played at
Burton's Theatre, New York, in the same
year.
Awful Bise in Spirits (An). An
extravaganza by Tom Taylor (q.v.), first
performed at the Olympic Theatre, London,
on September 7, 1863. This was a skit on
the "ghost" manifestations of Pepper and
Dii-cks, who were burlesqued as Kepper
AWKWARD MISTAKE
95
AZAEL
Atkins) and Quirclcs (H. Wigan). Among
he ofhev personce were the Bleeding Nun of
Andenburg (Miss Hughes), Fdchardson's
V,host (R. Soutar), Mrs. Veal (Mrs. Stephens),
lolly Brown (Miss Lydia Foote), the Shade
f Shakespeare (H. Neville), etc.
Awkward Mistake (An). A farce by
OSEPH Derrick iq.v.).
Axalla. A character in Rowe's ' Tamer-
ine' iq.v.).
Ayer, Harriet Hubbard. Adapter
f ' The Widow,' a comedy (q.v.).
' Ayliff, Mrs. Actress ; was the original
fiss Prue in Congreve's 'Love for Love'
(1695).
Ayliffe, John. Comedian, born 1803,
■lied 1S47 ; played Antimony in Smith's
Lessons for Gentlemen,' Bartolo in
^lunket's ' Minerali,' etc.
Aylmer de la Eoclie, in Stow's
I Templar' iq.v.).
\ Aylmer, Marg-aret. See Elmore,
;^IARGARET.
j Aylmere ; or, The Kentish Rebel-
ion. A tragedy by R. T. Comiad (q.v.),
h'st performed at the Franklin Theatre,
■few York, in May, 1841, with Forrest as
iylmere (Jack Cade). The play was after-
wards revised and brought out as ' Jack
[ Aymon, The Castle of. See Castle
;)F Aymon.
'. Aynesworth, Allan. Actor ; made
■lis debut at the Hay market in 18S7. He
las figured in the original casts of ' The
Jean's Daughter ' (1888), ' Aunt .Jack ' (1889),
The Cabinet INlinister ' (1S90), ' The Volcano '
1891), 'The Late Lamented' (1891), 'The
'rusaders ' (1891), ' A Bohemian ' (1892), ' An
American Bride' (1892), 'The Orient Ex-
,3ress ' (1893), ' The Lackey's Carnival ' (1900).
Ayr [Scotland]. See ' Recollections of
i^yr Theatricals,' by James Morris (1872).
Ayre, "William. Translator of Tasso's
Amintas'X^'.v.), and of ' Merope,' a tragedy
q.v.).
Ayres, James. Author of 'Sancho at
:;ourt' (q.v.), and 'The Kiss Accepted and
-ieturned ' (q.v.). See ' The British Theatre.'
See
Ayrshire Tragedy (The).
VUCHINDRANE.
Ayrton, William (born in London,
-/ 77 ; died 1858), was the " honorary " literary
md musical critic of the Morning Chronicle
rem 1813 to 1826, and WTote gratuitous
nusical notices for the Examiner from 1837
-0 1851, besides contributing largely to the
Rarmonicon from 1823 to 1834. He Avas the
luthor of articles on music in the ' Penny
Cyclopaedia,' the chapter on music in the
Pictorial History of England,' and the
musical explanations in the ' Pictorial
Shakespeare.' He edited the ' Musical
Library ' (1834) and ' Sacred INIinstrelsy.'
See ' Imperial Dictionary of Biography ' and
' Dictionary of Music and Musicians.'
Ayrtoun, Marg-aret, actress, who
made her debut at the Haymarket in 1884.
has played Susan Mountford in a revival of
Hey wood's ' Woman Killed with Kindness '
(1887), the title parts of ' Airey Annie ' (q.v.)
and ' Tra-la-la-Tosca ' (q.v.), Mrs. Christison
in Jones's ' Dancing Girl ' (q.v.), etc.
Ayscoug-h, Georg-e Edward. Dra-
matist, died October 14, 1779 ; son of Dean
Ayscough, and at one time in the army ;
was the author of 'Semiramis,' a tragedy
(1776) (q.v.). He also edited the works of
Lord Lyttleton (1774). See the ' Biogi-aphia
Dramatica' (1812) and Genest's 'Account of
the EngUsh Stage ' (1832).
Ayscoug-h, Samuel. Librarian and
index-maker, born 1745, died 1804 ; was the
first to compUe a concordance to Shake-
speare's plays, in the form of a " copious
index to the remarkable passages and
words," printed at the end of an edition of
the dramatic works published in 1790. The
index was afterwards published separately,
and was reissued at intervals until super-
seded by the ' Concordance ' of Mrs. Cow-
den Clarke (q.v.). See Nichols' 'Literary
Anecdotes.'
Ayton, Richard. Dramatist and mis-
cellaneous writer, born in London, 1786 ;
died 1823 ; was the author of two farces,
produced at Covent Garden, and of various
adaptations from the French, brought out
at the English Opera House. See Edinburgh
Magazine, vol. x. See, also. Rendezvous.
Aytoun, "William Edmonstotine.
Poet and prose writer (1813-1S65) ; author
of ' Firmilian ' (1815), wliich see. See, also,
the ' Life ' by Martin (1867).
Azael, the Prodigal. A drama,
founded by E. Fitzball (q.v.) on 'L'Enfant
Prodigue ' of Scribe and Auber, and first per-
formed at Drury Lane Theatre, London, on
February 19, 1851, with J. R. Anderson in
the title part, Vandenhoff as Reuben, Miss
F. Vining as Jejjhtele, Emery as Ameno2jMs,
and Mrs. Walter Lacy as Nefte ; produced at
New York in June, 1851, with F. Conway as
AzaHl. Azael, the son of Reuben, and cousin
of Jephtele, whom he loves, is living a happy
pastoral life, when, by the arts of Amenophis
and Nefte, he is lured away to Memphis.
There, being found in the Sacred Temple,
he is sentenced to death ; but he escapes,
and, after many wanderings, is induced by
a dream to return to his home. Some of
Auber's music was used at Drury Lane.
Edmund Yates refers to the play, in his
' Recollections,' as " a tolerably close ver-
sion of the scriptural story, in which John
Cooper played a high priest with much
pompous unction." (2) A burlesque of
' Azael ' was produced at the Olympic
Theatre in November, 1S51.
AZAZIEL
96
BABES IX THE WOOD
Azaziel. An angel in Lord Byron's
• Heaven and Earth ' (g.r.), beloved by Anah
(q.v.).
Azema. A character in Gilbert's
•Palace of Truth' (q.v.-).
Azim al Barmeki. A romantic drama,
produced at the National Theatre, New
York, in September, 1S5S, with 3Idme.
Ponisi in the ca.st.
Azor and Zemira ; or, Tlie Mag-ic
Rose. An opera in three acts, by Spohr,
adapted to the English stage, and produced
at Covent Garden Theatre in April, 1S31.
Azor, Prince. See Beast, The.
Azncena, a gipsy, figures not only in
the English versions of Verdi's 'H Trova-
tore ' (q^v.), but in W. Travers's drama with
that title (q.v.), and in H. J. Byron's bur-
lesques on the subiect (q.v.). A play called
' Azucena ; or, The Gipsy's Oath,' was pro-
duced at Barnum's Museum, New York, in
February, 1S65.
Azurine. A spectacular play, produced
at Niblo's Garden, New York, December 25,
1876.
Azurine. A character in Planche's
'King Charming ' (^.y.)-
"Bab, Lady." A maid-servant in
•High Life Below Stairs' (5. i\), who adopts
and is known by the name of her mis-
tress. She reads only one book, " which
is Shikspur."
Bab-Ballad-Mong-er(The); or, Tlie
Mysterious Musician and the Duke
of Dis-Guisebury. A burlesque by
Frank Lindo, introducing travesties of
'The Ballad-Monger ' (g.r.)and 'The Dancing
Girl' (q.v.), and first performed at the Opera
Comique, July 30, 1892.
Baba, All, the hero of the familiar
nursery tale, figures in Colman jun.'s
'Forty Thieves '^(g. I'.) and A Beckett's
' Open Sesame ' (q.v.). See Ali Baba.
Babble, Jeremiah. A character in
POCOCK'S 'Anything New?' (q.v.).
Babble Shop (The). A travesty, by
Edayard Rose (q.v.), of ' The Bauble Shop'
(q.v.); produced at the Trafalgar Square
Theatre, London, on March 30, 1893, with
A. Play fair, W. H. Day, J. Willes, and CyrU
Maude in the cast.
Babblebrook, in C. S. Cheltnam's
'Lesson in Love' (q.v.), is nicknamed
' Tlie Newspaper,' because so full of gossip.
Babes (The). See Babes i.\ the
Wood.
Babes and Beetles. See Babes 1:
THE Wood (Tom Taylor).
Babes in the "Wood (The). Thi:
familiar nursery tale has been the subjec
of many comic plays. Among these ma
be noted (1) 'The Babes in the Wood:
pantomime by J. B. Buckstone, 1856
(2) 'The Babes in the Wood and th
Good Little Fairy Birds : ' burlesque b
H. J. Byron (q.v.), first performed at th
Adelphi Theatre, London, on July 18, 1855
with MissWoolgaras Sir Rotdand 3[acassa:
J. L. Toole and^Miss Kate Kelly as Tomm
and Sallij (the babes), Paul Bedford e
Smith (the first ruffian), W. H. Eburne 2]
the Famil'i Physician, and Mrs. Billingto.
as Lady Macassar. (3) ' The Babes in tt,
Wood :"' pantomime by G. A Beckett (q.v.'
Covent Garden, December, 1867. (4) ' Tt
Babes in the Wood : ' pantomime by (
Lander, Sadler's Wells, December, 187 j
(5) 'The Babes in the Wood:' pantomin|
by T. Mead, Elephant and Castle Theati'
London, December, 1873. (6) ' The Babes
tlie Wood : ' pantomime by C. RiCE, Cove:
Garden, December, 1874, with F. Gould ;
Sir Rollingstone, J. Wainwright as Gru
grabber the Greedy, Miss Annie Goodall
Walter, Miss Catherine Lewis as Phcehe, ai
Miss Rebecca Isaacs as Mother Bunch. (
' The Babes in the Wood : ' pantomime
C. Merion, Greenwich, December, 18"
(8) ' The Babes in the Wood : ' burlesque
G. L. Gordon and G. W. Anson, Prin
of Wales's Theatre, Liverpool, April, 18'
(9) ' Our Babes in the Wood ' (q.v.), by F.
Burnand (1877). (10) 'The Babes in t
Wood :' pantomime by Frank Hall, PI:
harmonic Theatre, London, December, IS
(11) ' The Babes, or Whines from t
Wood: ' an extravaganza by Harry Pault
(q.v.), first performed at the Theatre Roy
Birmingham, on June 9, 1S84 ; first produc
in London at Toole's Theatre, on Septeml
9, 1884, with W. Edonin and Miss Al
Atherton as " the babes " (Dolly and Tess
L. Brough as Bill Booty, and Miss G. Hunt
as Ralph Reckless; revived at the Nove
Theatre, London, in January, 1886, with
Edonin, L. Brough, and Miss Atherton
their original parts, and Miss H. Verr
as Ralxjh; again revived at the Stra
Theatre, London, in February, 1895, w
W. Edonin and Miss Atherton, D. James
Rowland Buttre, J. J. Dallas as Booty, i
(12) ' The Babes in the Wood : ' burles(
by G. Capel (q.v.'), Douglas, Isle of M
July, 1884. (13) ' The Babes in the Woo'
pantomime by G. Thorn, Grand, Islingt
December, 1890. (14) 'The Babes in 1
Wood : ' burlesque by T. Ramsdale, Ale •
shot, Surrey, August, 1891. (15) ' - '
Babes in the Wood : ' burlesque by M. Bi C
and B. Wyke, Rhvl, Wales, Septeml ,
1891. (16) ' The Babes in the Wood : I
Bold Robin Hood : ' pantomime by .
Lennard (q.v.), Crystal Palace, Deceml,,
1892. (17) 'The Bonnie Babes in >
Wood : ' pantomime by T. Craven, Vi -
hurst, Holloway, December, 181)4. ( )
'The Babes in the Wood:' pantomime V
BABES IN THE WOOD
BACHELOR'S TORMENTS
"NViLTON Jones, Pavilion Theatre, London,
December, 18D4.
Babes in the "Wood (The). A comedy
in three acts, by Tom Taylor (q.v.), first
performed at the Haymarket Theatre, Lon-
don, on November 10. 1860, with J. B. Buck-
stone as Jeremiah Beetle, H. Compton as
SUdell, Chippendale as the Earl ofLazenhy,
"VV. Farren as Frank liushton, Miss A. Sedg-
wick as Larhj Blanche Rushton, and Mrs.
■\Vilkinsas3/r.9. Beetle. "As first performed,"
says Henry Morley, "the play was a good
deal longer than ' Hamlet.' " It was per-
formed for the first time in America at the
New Metropolitan Theatre. New York, in
April. 1861, with J. S. Clarke as Beftle, J. H.
Stoddart as Lord Lazenby, and ^Irs. F. S.
Chanfrau as Mrs. Beetle. It was revived
with W. H. and Mrs. Kendal as Frank
and Lady Blanche ; also as ' Babes and
Beetles,' at the Strand Theatre, in 1877, with
J. S. Clarke as Beetle, W. H. Vernon as Frank,
J. G. Grahame as Sir Gcorye Loosestrife,
Miss L. Venne as Lady Blanche, and Miss
Sallie Turner as Mrs. Beetle ; again at the
Strand Theatre in December, 1882, under
the title of 'Eloped; or. Babes and Beetles,'
with J. S. Clarke as Beetle, R. C. Carton
as Frank, Miss Turner as Mrs. Beetle, T. P.
Haynes, F. Mervin, etc.
Babet. A character in Dibdin's ' Boni-
facio and Bridgetina' {q.v.).
Babil and Bijou. A "fantastical
spectacle in eighteen tableaux, divided into
five acts and a prologuial scene," by DiON
BOUCICAULT {q.v.) and J. R. Planche {q.r.),
first performed at Covent Garden Theatre,
London, on August 29, 1872, with Miss
Annie Sinclair as Bijou, Mrs. Howard Paul
as Mistigris, INIiss Helen Barry as Princess
Fortinhraase, Joseph Maas as Phassilis
(Prince of Lutetia), L. Brough a.s Auricomus,
and AVainwright as Typocompos ; revived at
the Alhambra in 18S2, with Miss Con-
stance Loseby and Harry Paulton in the
<;ast.
Babillard. (1) A bombardier in R. B.
Peake's ' Comfortable Lodgings ' {q.v.). (2)
A character in Offenbach's ' Creole ' {q.v.).
Babiole. An opera in three acts, Avritten
liy MM. Clairville and Gastineau, composed
by Laurent de Rilld, and first performed at
the Bouffes Parisiens in January, 1S7S ;
produced, with libretto by R. Reece {q.v.),
at the Prince's Theatre, ^Manchester, on
March 10, 1879, with Miss Pattie Laverne
in the title part, H. Hallam as Alain, E.
Rosenthal as Casimir de Perigneux, and
W. G. Bedford, J. E. Beyer, and H. Collier
in other parts.
Baby. (1) A farcical comedy in three
acts, by R. Soutar and F. Herbert. Alex-
andra Theatre, Southend, July 17, 1890. (2)
_ Baby ; a Warning to Mesmerists : ' a farce
in one act, by Lady Greville, founded on
«ne of Max Adeler's " Elbow Room " stories;
iheatre Royal, Brighton, October 31, 1890 ;
played at Terry's Theatre, London, in April,
1891, as ' The Baby.' (3) ' Baby : ' farce in
Eastbourne.
one act, by J. E. Cowell,
December 24, 1892.
Babylon, New. See New Babylon.
Baccarat ; or, The Knave of
Hearts. A play by \\. E. Suter {q.v.).
first performed at Sadler's Wells on March
4, 1865, with T. Mead as Rousscll (the chief
Ivnave of Hearts), Walter Joyce as Henri,
iNIiss Marriott as Baccarat, Miss E. Beau-
fort as Violante, and Miss L. Willmore as
Cerise.
Baccastoppa, Easa di. Captain of a
steamer in the brothers Brough's 'En-
chanted Isle' {q.v.).
Bacch.se (The). A tragedy translated
from Euripides by R. Potter (1781). See
BACCHANALLA.NS.
Bacchanalians (The). A tragedy trans-
lated from Eiiripides by Michael Wod-
HL'LL (1782). See Bacch.e.
Bacchides. A comedy translated from
Plautus by Thornton, Warner, and Col-
man (1760-74).
Bacchus, the god of wine, figures in
W. Leman Rede's ' Cupid in London ' {q.v.),
H. J. Byron's ' Cupid and Psyche ' {q.v.),
and .7. Graves's ' Cupid ' {q.v.). See Feast
of Bacchus.
Bacchus and Ariadne. A ballet first
produced at Drury Lane on May 9, 1798.
Bach, Emil. See Irmengarda.
Bachelette. The niece of the curt5 in
W. T. MONCRiEFF's 'Perourou' {q.v.).
Bachelor of Arts (The). A comic
drama in two acts, translated from the
French by Augustus Harris, sen., and
adapted to the English stage by C. J.
Mathews, under the nom de guerre oi • Pel-
ham Hardwick' {q.v.); first performed at
the Lyceum Theatre, London, on November
23, 1853, with C. J. Mathews as Harry
Jasper, and other parts by F. Matthews,
Basil Baker, and Miss Frances Hughes ;
produced at Wallack's Theatre, New York,
in January, 1854, with Lester Wallack as
Jasper ; revived at the Criterion Theatre,
London, in May and June, 1888, with C.
Wyndham as Jasper.
Bachelor's Buttons. A farce in one
act. by E. Stirling {q.v.), first performed at
the Strand Theatre, London, on May Id,
1837, with Mrs. Stirling as Emily Wilton,
who, during the piece, assumes the charac-
ters of a female romp, a maid-of-all-work
{Dolly Dumps), and a sportsman. The piece
was played at the Park Theatre, New York,
in August, 1839, with Mrs. W. Creswick as
Emily.
Bachelor's Hall. A farce by G. L.
Gordon {q.v.), first performed at the Prince
of Wales's Theatre, Liverpool, on January
13, 1877 ; revived at the Opera Comique,
London, on April 21, 1877.
Bachelor's Torments. See Rod-
^YELL, J. T. G.
BACHELORS \0W
BACON-SHAKESPEARE
Bachelor's Vow (A). A play by Mrs.
Alfred Phillips (q.v.).
Bachelor's Wife (A). A comedy by
Frederick Watson (7 i-.), performed at
Burton's Theatre, New York, on January 11,
1S58, with Brougham as Maywood, C. J.
Mathews as Riyhy, and Mrs. Davenport
(Mrs. Mathews) as Mrs. Righy. See
Bachelors' Wives.
Bachelors. (1) A farcical comedy, in a
prologue and three acts, by A. A. Aldred ;
produced at New Cross Hall, London, on
June 18, 1SS4. (2) A comedy in three acts,
by Hermann Vezin (q.v.) and Robert
Buchanan (g.r.), adapted from Benedix's
' Ein Lustspiel,' and first performed at the
Havmarket Theatre. London, on September
1, isS4, with C. Brookfield as Beethoven
Bromley, H. B. Conway as Charles Lovelace,
and C. Coote, Miss K. Munroe, Miss J.
Gwynne, and Miss M. A. Victor in other
parts ; revived at the Opera Comique on
August 9, 1886, with H. Vezin as Bromley,
W. Herbert as Lovelace, and Miss F.Chal-
grove, Miss Sothern, and Mrs. W. Sidney.
See Bachelors, The ; Our Bachelors.
Bachelors (The). (1) A play translated
from the (ierman of Iffland ; unacted, but
printed in 1799. (2) A comic opera, words
by C. H. :M. Wharton, music by A. Taylor,
performed at the Prince's Theatre, Man-
chester, June 8, 1885.
Bachelors, The Island of. See
Island of Bachelors, The.
Bachelors' Wives ; or, The Engr-
lish at Brussels. An operetta, the words
by S. Beazley {q.v.), the music by Kears,
first performed at the Lyceum Theatre,
London, on July 16, 1S17. (2) ' Bachelors'
Wives : ' a farce in three acts, by F. Bous-
field. Strand Theatre. London, December
15, 18S6. See Bachelor's Wife, A.
" Back and side go bare, g-o hare."
First line of a song in Bishop Still's
' Gammer Gurton's Needle ' {q.v.).
"But belly, God send thee good ale enough,
Whether it be new or old."
The song, says Warton, "has a vein of
ease and huuiour which we should not
expect to have been inspired by the
simple beverage of those times." Whether
it was, or was'not, written by Bishop Still,
is not certain. Dyce, in his edition of
Skelton's works, prints a song, very similar,
which he ascribes to a date earlier than
that of the printing of the comedy. The
differences between'the two songs are, says
Robert Bell, "very curious and interesting,
but the most striking point of variance is
the omission [in Dyce's version] of the verse
refeiTUig to Tyb, Gammer Gurton's maid,
which suggests" the probability that the song
may have been originally an independent
composition, of which Bishop Still availed
himself, adapting it to the comedy by cur-
tailments and a new verse with a personal
allusion."
Back in Five Minutes. A comedietta
by H. T. Johnson; Parkhurst Theatre,
HoUoway, London, February 16, 1891.
Backbite, Sir Benjamin. Nephew
of Crabtree, in Sheridan"s 'School for
Scandal' {q.v.).
Backing- the Varmints. A farce by
G. L. Gordon {q.v.), produced at the Opera.
Comique, London, August 7, 1875.
Backwoodsman (The); or, The
Gamecock of the Wilderness, was
produced at the Park Theatre, New York,
on March 12, 1846, with Marble as Samjjson
Hardhead.
Bacon, Delia. American writer, born
1811, died 1859 ; author of ' The Bride of
Fort Edward,' a drama (1839) ; also of ' The 1
Philosophy of the Plays of Shakspere Un- 1
folded' (1857). "She died a lunatic," says I
R. Grant White, "and I believe in a lunatic j
asylum." See Hawthorne's ' Our Old Home'
and Mrs. Farrar's ' Recollections.' Also, j
Bacon-Shakespeare Controversy.
Bacon, James. Author of 'The Ameri-
can Indian '(1795).
Bacon, Mrs. See Poole, Miss.
Bacon, Phanuel, D.D. Dramatic
writer and poet, born 1700, died 1783 ; vicar
of Bramber (Sussex) and rector of Baldei
(Oxfordshire); author of the following
plays (g.r.):—' The Taxes,' ' The Insignif
cants,' 'The Tryal of the Time-Killers,' 'The
Moral Quack,' and 'The Oculist,' all printed
in 1757, and published in a volume undeil
the collective title of ' Humourous Ethics.!
See ' Biographia Dramatica ' (1812), Wai/t'jf
' Bibliotheca Britannica ' (1824), Genest'i
'English Stage' (1832), and the 'DictionarjJ
of National Biography ' (1885).
Bacon-Shakespeare Controversy
(The). The theory that Francis Bacoi
Viscount St. Alban"s, was really the authc
of the plays hitherto ascribed to Willi
Shakespeare was first broached by Mis
Delia Bacon {q.v.) in Putnam's Maaazm
for January, 1556. It was afterwards elabc
rated by "her in a volume called 'Tl
Philosophy of Shakspere's Plays Unfolded
(1857), for which Nathaniel Hawthorne wrot
a preface, without, however, approving tl
"philosophy." For some years the theori
languished, but it was once more advocatei
by Nathaniel Holmes in ' The Authors! '
of Shakespeare ' (1867), by Appleton 3Iorg
in ' The Shakespearean Myth ' (ISSl), and I]
Mrs. Pott in ' The Promus of Formularif
and Elegancies of Francis Bacon, illustratfl
and elucidated by passages from Shak|
speare ' (1S83). Then in ISSS came ' The Gre;,
Cryptogram,' by Ignatius Donnelly, wl
argued that Bacon's claim to the plays w
asserted by that writer in the form of
cryptogram running through the text of tl
dramas. Among subsequent books on t,
subject may be named 'The Bacon-Shat
speare Question,' by U. Stopes (1888), Sir
Martin's ' Shakespeare or Bacon ' (188
Wigston's 'Bacon v. Phantom Shakespee
BAD BARGAIN
BADDELEY
(1891), Mrs. Pott's 'Bacon and his Secret
Society ' (1891) and ' Did Francis Bacon write
" Shakespeare " ? ' (1893), Owen's ' Bacon
Cipher Story ' (1893), and ' The Shakespeare-
Secret,' translated from the German of
Edwin Bormann by Harry Brett (1895). See,
further, the books by W. H. Smith (1856 and
1884), Mrs. Windle (1881), W. D. O'Connor
(1886), C. C. Cattell (1888), E. Eeed (1891),
G. James (1893), O. Loosen (1893), T. S. E.
Dixon (1895), Mrs. Gallup (1900), G. C.
Bompas (1902), and Lord Penzance (1902).
The controversy is thus summed up by
Richard Grant White: "It is as certain
that William Shakespeare wrote (after
the theatrical fashion and under the the-
atrical conditions of his day) the plays
which bear his name, as it is that Francis
Bacon wrote the ' Novum Organum,' the
'Advancement of Learning,' and the 'Es-
says.' The notion that Bacon also wrote
' Titus Andronicus,' ' The Comedy of Errors,'
'Hamlet,' ' King Lear,' and ' Othello,' is not
worth five minutes' serious consideration by
any reasonable creature " {Atlantic Monthly,
April, 1883).
Bad Barg-ain (A). A comedietta by
Sydney Grundy, played in the English
provinces in 1879.
Bad Boys. A comedy in three acts,
adapted by Clement Scott {q.v.) from MM.
Gondinet and Civrac's ' Clara Soleil ' (Vaude-
ville, Paris, February, 1885), and first per-
formed at the Comedy Theatre, London, on
April 29, 1885, with C. D. Marius, R. C.
Carton, A. Roberts, E. Rose, P. Corapton,
Miss Violet Cameron, Miss M. Bell, Miss
Tilbury, Miss C. Grahame, and Miss L.
Claremont in the cast ; afterwards trans-
ferred to the Opi^ra Comique.
Bad Lot (A). (1) A farcical comedy in
three acts, by Harry Paulton and " Mos-
TYN Teude," Opera House, Northampton,
June 24, 1S87. (2) A play by Charles
Foster.
Bad Penny (A). A drama in one act,
by W. LESTOCCi. first performed at the Vaude-
ville Theatre, London, on the afternoon of
July 13, 1SS2.
Baddeley, Robert. Actor, born (it is
said) 1732, died 1794 ; was at different times
cook to Lord North and Foote. the actor
iq.v.), and afterwards valet to a private gen-
tleman. During his travels with the last-
named he acquired a knowledge of foreign
languages which was afterwards of much
use to him as a performer, enabling him to
take " broken- English " parts with much suc-
cess. He appeared at Drury Lane previous
to 1761, in which year he played at the Smock
Alley Theatre, Dublin. In 1763 he again
went to Drury Lane, with which theatre,
aud with the Haymarket, he remained con-
nected till his death. He was married to
Sophia Snow in 1764. He was the original
representative of Canton in ' The Clandes-
tme MaxYidigQ,' Fulmer in • The West Indian,*
Br.Druidin ' The Fashionable Lover,' Spruce
m 'The School for Wives,' Lory in 'The
Trip to Scarborough,' Moses in ' The School
for Scandal,' FroUck in ' The Humourist.' Me-
dium in ' Inkle and Yarico,' Crotchet in ' The
Box-Lobby Challenge,' etc. Among his other
parts were Sir Francis Gripe in ' The Busy-
body ' (1761-2), Polonius (1763-4), Dr. Caius
0-7Q3-i), Surly in ' The Alchemist' (1766-7),
Brainworm in ' Every Man in his Humour '
(1767-8), Papillion in 'The Lyar' (1767-8),
Fag in * The Rivals ' (1776-7), Vamp in ' The
Author' (1781), Pu fin ' The Patron ' (1781),
and Fluellen (1789-90). Wewitzer says that
"the first character he happened to appear
in, it was necessary he should wear a sword.
Foote, seeing him thus equipped, imme-
diately exclaimed, ' Ha, Baddeley, I am
heartily glad to see you in the way of com-
plete transmigration— you have turned your
spit into a sword already ! ' " Michael Kelly
says: "He had a habit of smacking his
lips always when speaking. In allusion to
this, Charles Bannister said to him one day,
' My dear Baddeley, everybody must know
that you have been a cook, for you always
seem to be tasting your words.' " In * Tha
Theatre ' (1771) we read that
" Baddeley can never miss
A crouching Frenchman or a flattering Swiss ; "
and Hugh Kelly, in 'Thespis' (1766), is,
equally flattering about his " foreign foot-
men." On the other hand, Williams, in his
• Children of Thespis ' (1786), speaks of the :
actor as being "slovenly" and "rushing
through his parts." By his will, datetl
1792, he left a house at Moulsey "to be
used as an asylum for decayed actors
and actresses," with a provision that when
the property was worth £360 a year pensions
were to be bestowed. He also bequeathed
money to the fund for the relief of indigent
persons connected with Drury Lane Theatre,
aud £3 per annum for the purchase of cake
and wine to be dispensed to the Drury
Lane company on Twelfth Night— a cere-
mony which is still performed. See Genest's
' English Stage ' (1832), Dutton Cook's ' Hours
with the Players' (1880), the Theatre for
September, 1880, etc.
Baddeley, SopMa {nde Snow). Actress
and vocalist, wife of R. Baddeley ; born
1745, died 1786; is thought to have made
her d6hut in 1764, probably as Cordelia. She
appeared at Drury Lane in 1765 as Ophelia,
and in 1767 as Desdemona and Dame
Kitely ; and among her other parts were
Hero, Jessica, Miranda^ Olivia, Celia,
Portia (' Julius Coesar '), the Lady in
' Comus,' Mrs. Beverley ('The Gamester'),
Leonora ('The Revenge'), Statira ('Alex-
ander the Great'), Julia ('The Rivals'),
Bosetta ('Love in a Village'), Clarissa
('Lionel and Clarissa'), etc. She was
the original Harriett in 'The School for
Rakes,' Miss Marchmont in * False Delicacy,'
and Miss Willoughhy in 'A Word to the
Wise.' Boaden says that as Imogen " her
beautiful countenance used to excite the
greatest interest," while George III. and
Queen Charlotte were so delighted with
her Fanny in ' The Clandestine Marriage '
that they ordered Zotfany to paint her in
BADDELEY
100
BAILLIE
that character. Hugh Kelly, in 'Thespis,
speaks of
"The gentle Baddeley, whose form,
Sweet as her voice, can never faU to charm."
As a singer she was popular at Ranelagli
and Vauxhall. Her moral irregularities led
to her being separated from her husband,
and she was so extravagant in money mat-
ters that she frequently had to fly from her
creditors. In her later years she took to
drinking laudanum, the quantity she con-
sumed being, says Wilkinson, " mcredible.
Towards the end she became, physically, a
wreck-a fact alluded to by Pasquin (q.y.)
in his " poem," ' The Children of Thespis
(1787). She left the London stage in 1781, and
her last appearances were at York in 1783
and Edinburgh in 1783-4. See, also, INIr.s.
Baddeley's ' Memoirs ' (1781), Wilkinson s
^ Wandering Patentee ' (1795), Gait's ' Lives
oi the Players' (1831), Genest's 'English
.Stage' (1832), Dutton Cook's 'Hours with
ihe Players ' (1881), etc.
Baddeley, W. St. Clair. Author of
the following poetical dramas :—' George
Villiers, Duke of Buckingham ' (1878), ' The
Jlaughter of Jepthah' (1879), and 'John
Dudley, Duke of Northumberland ' (1879).
Badg-er, Squire. A character in
Fielding's ' Don Quixote in England ' (q.v.).
■Hee Squire Badger.
Badoura. The heroine of Belling-
« \M and Best's ' Prince Camaralzaman '
■iq.v.), and of H. J. BYRON'S 'Camaral-
zaman' (q.v.).
Badroulbadour, the Princess, figures in
plays on the subject of ' Aladdin ' (g.v.).
Bag- of Gold (The). A play, first per-
formed at the Olympic Theatre, London,
on June 27, 1852, with a cast including W.
Farren, Diddear, Hoskins, Shalders, and
Mrs. Walter Lacy.
Bag-atelle. (I) The valet in J.
O'Keefe's 'Poor Soldier' (q.v.). (2) A
prima donna in FaRNIE's ' Loo ' (q.v.).
Bag-g-s. (1) A steward, afterwards a
money-lender, in Bayle Bernard's ' Far-
mer's Story ' (q.v.). (2) A postman in B. Ber-
nard's ' St. Mary's Eve ' (q.v.). (3) A clerk
in Stirling Coyne's ' Wanted, 1000 Young
Milliners' (q.v). (4) A character in Sulli-
van's ' Beggar on Horseback' (q.v.). (5) The
Great Baggs, in Albery's 'Apple Blossoms'
iq.v.), is" "a travelling comic singer, who
delights in practical jokes and slang wit-
ticisms."
Bag-ot. A " creature" of ' Pvichard II.'
in Shakespeare's play of that name.
Bag-ot, A. Gr. Dramatic writer ; author
of 'Which?' (1886) and 'The Widow'
(1890) ; also co-author, with F. R. Bagot,
of ' The Rubber of Life ' (1885).
Bag-s, Jem. The "wandering min-
strel " in H. Mayhew's farce of that name
{q.v.).
Bag-slia-w. A character in J. M. Mor-
ton's ' Grimshaw, Bagshaw, andBradshaw*
(q-v.).
Bag-shot. A thief in Farquiiar's
' Beaux' Stratagem ' (q.v.). (2) Baron Bag-
shot, in Planche'S ' Puss in Boots ' (q.v.), ia
" Great Grand Huntsman and Lord High
Gamekeeper."
Bailey, Abraham. Lawyer, and
author of ' The Spightful Sister,' a comedy
(1667).
Bailey, Master, figures in E. Stir-
ling's 'Martin Chuzzlewit' (q.v.). "The
chaps calls me Old Bailey and Top Boots "
(act i. sc. 5).
Bailie (The) is a prominent figure in the
' Cloches de Corneville' (q.v.).
Bailie Nicol Jarvie. See Jarvie,
Bailie Nicol.
Bailiff (The). A comedietta in one act,
bv Fred. W. Broughton, Theatre Royal,
Bath, April 5, 1890 ; at the Royalty, London,
in May, 1890 ; and at Toole's, London, in
July, 1890.
Baillie, Joanna. Dramatic writer and
poet, born at Bothwell, Lanarkshire, 1762,
died 1851 ; published the following :— ' A.
Series of Plays,' including ' Count Basil,'
• The Trya],' and ' De Montfort ' (1798) ; ' A
Series of Plays,' including ' The Election,'
' Ethwald,' and 'The Second Marriage'
(1802) ; * Miscellaneous Plays,' including
♦ Rayner,' ' The Country Inn,' and ' Con-
stantine Paleologus ' (1804) ; ' The Family
Legend ' (1810) ; ' A Series of Plays,' includ-
ing ' Orra,' ' The Dream,' 'The Siege,' and
' The Beacon ' (1812) ; ' The INIartyr ' (1826) ;
' The Bride ' (1828) ; and ' Dramas,' includ- 1
ing ' Romiero,' ' The Alienated Manor,' '
' Henriquez,' ' The Separation,' ' The Strip
line;,' ' The Phantom,' ' Enthusiasm,' ' Witcl
cralt,' ' The Homicide,' ' The Match,' ' Th^
Martyr,' and ' The Bride '—the two
being reprints (1836). Of the above playg
(all of which see), the following have been
performed :— ' Constantino Paleologus ' (re^
christened ' Constantino and Valeria '),
Montfort,' ' The Election,' ' The Familj
Legend,' ' Hatred,' ' Henriquez,' and ' Sej
ration,' all of which see. Miss Mitfor
ascribed to IVIiss Baillie's tragedies
boldness and grasp of mind, a tirmnes
of hand, and resonance of cadence tt
scarcely seem within the reach of a female
writer'"' ('Recollections'). "Miss Baillie,"
wrote Hazlitt, "has much of the power and
spirit of dramatic writing, and not the '
because, as a woman, she has been plac
out of the vortex of philosophical an(j
political extravagances." Sir Walter Scot
spoke highly of the ' Plays on the Passions!
(q.v.) ; and Byron, when he said that womaii
could not write, excepted Miss Baillie. .^|
complete edition of the plays (and poema
was published in 1851 See Genestlj
' English Stage.' vol. viii. (1832), the ' Anna
Register' (1851), and the various biographic
dictionaries.
Baillie, Dr. John. Physician, diel|
BAILLIE
101
BALDWIN
1743 ; author of ' The Married Coquet,' a
comedy (1740).
Baillie, Jolin. Scotch advocate ;
author of ' The Patriot ' (1736).
Bait, Lady. A character in Palmer's
'Life' (q. v.).
Bajazet. Sultan of Turkey in Rowe's
•Tamerlane' (q.v.). (2) Apollo Bajazet is
a character in J. B. Buckstone's ' Isa-
belle' (q.v.). His prototype, the author ad-
mits, is to be found in the Rosdgnol of Paul
de Kock's novel, ' Andre le Savoyarde ' (q.v.).
Baker. Actor ; at Bath in 1820, when he
played Spatterdash in ' The Young Quaker '
(February 28), and Norfolk in 'Henry VIII.'
(April 10). Of the latter impersonation,
Genest says : "A ludicrous circumstance took
place in the third act, when Baker had to
say Ego et Ilex mens ; he pronounced mens as
one syllable " ('The English Stage,' vol. ix ).
Baker, Alexina {nee Fisher). Ameri-
can acti-ess, born at Frankfort, Kentucky,
in 1821 ; died at Philadelphia, 1887 ; ap-
peared on the boards when a mere baby,
and played the child in ' Pizarro ' when
only fourteen. After an engagement at the
Bowery, New York, she went to the Park
Theatre in 1831, to play "lead." Leaving
the city in 1840, she returned to it in 1850,
and played comedy at the Old Broadway.
After another interval of absence she was
seen at Burton's Theatre in 1855, and in 1862
she figured at the Winter Garden Theatre as
Ophelia, Desdemona, etc. She was married
to John Lewis Baker in 1851.
Baker, Benj amin A. Actor, manager,
and playwrighc, born at New York, 1818 ;
made his debut as an actor in 1837 ; was
engaged at the Olympic Tlieatre, New
York, from 1829 to 1850 ; in 1851 became
co-manager of the Harvard Athenaeum,
Boston ; and afterwards managed several
theatres in New York. He wrote the
'Wretch,' 'Amy Lee ' (1843), ' New York in
1848' (afterwards expanded into 'A Glance
at New York,' q.v.), and also adapted ' Love
and Murder' {q.v.) to the American
See Brown's ' American Stage ' (1870).
Baker, Betsy. See Betsy Baker.
Baker, David Erskine. Born in
London, 1730, died 1767 ; is best known as
the author of the ' Companion to the Play-
house/ {q.v.), published in 1764, and after-
wards edited and republished under the
title of ' Biographia Dramatica.' He also
wrote a dramatic poem, ' The Muse of Os-
sian' {q.v.), and translated from the Italian
a comedy in two acts. ' The INIaid the Mis-
tress' {q.v.). The 'Biogi-aphia Dramatica'
(1782 and 1812) says that he was at one time
in business as a silk-throwster, but failed.
He is also said to have been a strolling
player. See Nichols' 'Literary Anecdotes'
(1812-15), ' Biographia Dramatica ' (1782 and
1812), Watt's ' Bibliotheca Britannica' (1824),
and the ' Dictionary of National Biography '
(1885).
Baker, Henry Barton. Author of
'Our Old Actors' (1878), 'The London
Stage ' (1SS9), and various contributions to
the magazines on theatrical subjects.
Baker, Mrs. Theatrical manager ; Avas
in early life a dancer, but afterwards owned
theatres at Canterbury, Rochester, Maid-
stone, Tunbridge Wells, Faversham, Deal,
etc. See T. Dibdin's 'Memoirs' (1827),
Grimaldi's ' Life ' (1838), and Dutton Cook's
' Book of the Play ' (187o).
Baker, Robert. Author of 'I]ie Mad
House,' a burlesque ballad opeia (17S7).
Baker, Thomas. Drpmatic A^^itor ;'
author of ' The Humoui- ax' t,he Age ' (.17' a),
'Tunbridge Walks' (1703),"' Act at" Oxford'
(1704), ' Hampstead Heath ' (1706), and ' The
F'ine Lady's Airs ' (1709). See ' Biographia
Dramatica ' (1812).
Bal Costume (Le). A farce played at
the Olympia Theatre, New York, in 1845.
Balaclava. A drama in three acts by
J. B. Johnsto.ne {q.v.), Standard Theatre,
London, June 10, 1S78.
Balamira ; or, The Fall of Tunis.
A tragedy by R. Siieil {q.v.), first per-
formed at Covent Garden in 1818, with W.
C. Macready as Amurath, and Young, C.
Kenible, Terry, and Miss O'Neill in other
parts.
Balance. (1) Justice Balance is father
of Sylvia in Farquh.^r'S ' Recruiting
Officer' {q.v.). (2) Mr. Counter Balance is
a character in F. Hay's ' Chops of the
Channel ' (q.v.).
Balance of Comfort (The) ; or, To
Marry or not to Marry P A "petite
comedy " in two acts, by R. J. Raymond
{q.v.), first performed at the Adelphi
Theatre, London, in 1835, with Buckstone
as Felix Fnsby, Webster as Pigeon, Vining
as Frank Timewell, Miss Daly as Dorothij
Dimple, Mrs. Honey as Mrs. Pigeon, etc.
(2) 'The Balance of Comfort:' a "petite
comedy" by Bayle Bernard {q.v.), first
performed at the Hay market on November
23, 1854, with Howe as Torrington, Miss
Reynolds as Mrs. Torrington, and other
parts by Rogers, Clark, Braid, Coe, Miss
Grantham, and Miss E. Chaplin ; first per-
formed at New York in 1855, with G.
Jordan as Torrington; revived at the
Haymarket in 1864.
Balderdash, The Baron. A cha-
racter in H. J. Byron's ' Cinderella' {q.v.}.
Balderstone, Caleh, the old servant
of Edgar of Ravenswood, figures in Pal-
grave Simpson's ' Master of Ravenswood'
{q.v.), J. W. Calcraft's 'Bride of Lam-
mermoor' {q-v.), and H. C. IdERiVALE's
' Ravenswood ' {q.v.).
Bald-win. Tutor of Rollo and Otto in
Beaumont and Fletcher's 'Bloody
Brother' {q.v.). (2) Coiint Balduin, ia
BALDWIN
BALL
Southern's ' Isabella ; or, The Fatal Mar-
riage' (q-v.), is the father of Biron {q.v.).
Baldwin, Joseph. Actor, born in
London, 1787 ; made his first appearance in
America at New York, in April, 1816, as
Sam in 'Raising the Wind.' He died in
1820. Ireland says he " possessed consider-
able merit as a low comedian" (' New York
Stage ').
Baldwin, Mrs. Cliarlotte. See Wal-
STEiN, Mrs.
Bale, Jolirif Sishop of Ossory, born
Noveffber, 1^95, &.t Cove, Suffolk ; died 1563 ;
was the author of the following dramatic
'works, printed iu tne years named :— ' A
Bi-efe Comedv ^r Enterlude of Johan
Baptystts Ffe^chynge in the Wyldernesse,
openynge the crafty Assaultes of the Hypo-
crytes with the gloryouse Baptysme of the
Lorde Jesus Christ ' (1538) ; ' A Tragedye or
Enterlude, Manyfestyng the chefe promyses
of God unto Man, in all ages of the olde
lawe from the Fall of Adam to the Incarna-
cyon of the Lorde Jesus Christ ' (1538) ; ' A
Brefe Comedy or Enterlude, concernynge
the temptacyon of our Lorde and Saver
Jesus Christ by Sathan in the desart ' (1538) ;
and ' New Comedy or Enterlude concern-
ing the Three Lawes of Nature, Moses,
and Christe, corrupted by the Sodoraytes,
Pharisees, and Papystes' (1558). In his
' Scriptorum illnstrium majoris Britanniae
Catalogus' (1548-59), the bishop claims,
further, to have written plays on the fol-
lowing .subjects :— ' Of Christ when he was
Twelve years old,' * Of Baptism and Tempta-
tion,' ' Of Lazarus raised from the Dead,'
' Of the Councells of Bishops,' ' Of Simon
the Leper,' ' Of the Lord's Supper and
washing the Feet,' 'Of the Passion of
Chryst,' 'Of the Sepulture and Resurrec-
tion,' ' Upon both Marriages of the King,'
' Against Momus's and Zoilus's,' ' The Trea-
cheries of the Papysts,' ' Against those who
adulterate the W^ord of God,' ' Of John
King of England,' 'Of the Impostures of
Thomas Becket,' ' Corruptions of the Divine
Laws,' and 'The Image of Love.' "His
dramas," writes Bishop Creighton, "were
moralities, or scriptural plays setting forth
the reformed opinions and attacking the
Roman party. . . . The plays of Bale are
doggerel, and are totally wanting in de-
corum." For biography, see ' The Vocacyon
of Johan Bale to the Bishoprick of Ossorie '
(1553), the Memoir by the Rev. H. Christ-
mas prefixed to the ' Select Works ' (1849),
Cooper's ' Athenee Cantabrigienses' (1858-61),
' Dictionary of National Biogi-aphy ' (1885).
Bale, Mr. A merchant in R. T.
Weaver's ' Red Rover.'
Balfe, Michael "William- Musical
composer and vocalist, born at Dublin, May,
3808; died October, 1870; "composed, at
ten years old, a ballad afterwards sung by
Mdme. Yestris in the comedy of 'Paul
Pry,' under the title of ' The Lover's Mis-
take,' "and while in his teens was employed
in the orchestra at Drury Lane ; made his
debut as a singer (baritone) at the Norwich
Theatre, as Caspar, in ' Der Freischutz'
(about 1826), afterwards studying singuig
abroad. His first opera (' I Rivali di se
stessi ') was performed at Palermo in 1830.
In 1835 he sang at concerts in London, and
in the same year produced there his first
English opera, 'The Siege of Rochelle"
(q.v.). The following is a chronological list
of the operas produced by him in London
after this date:— 'The ISIaid of Artois"
(1836), 'Catherine Grey '(1837), 'Joan of
Arc,' in which he appeared as Theodore
(1837), 'Diadeste' (1838;, 'Falstaff' (1838),
'Keolanthe' (1840), 'The Bohemian Girl'
(1843), ' The Daughter of St. INIark ' (1844),
'The Enchantress' (1S44), 'The Bondman'
(1846), ' The Maid of Honour ' (1847), ' Tlie
Sicilian Bride' (1852), 'The Devil's in it'
(1852), ' The Rose of Castile ' (1857), ' Sata-
nella' (1858), ' Bianca ' (1860), ' The Puritan's
Daughter ' (1861), ' The Armourer of Nantes '
(1863), and ' Blanche de Nevers ' (1863). ' II
Talismano ' (q. v.) was brought out in London
in 1874.' Balfe wrote, also, ' The Sleeping
Queen,' an operetta (q.v.). He was in the
original cast of John Barnett's 'Farinelli'
(q.v.). Early in life he married Mdlle. Lina
Rosa, already well known on the Continent
as an operatic vocalist. In August, 1839,
Mdme. Balfe (under her husband's manage-
ment) made lier English debut at the Ly-
ceum as Auiina in ' La Sonnambula,'and in
March, 1846, she figured at the same theatre
as the heroine of her husband's ' Keolanthe'
(q.v.). Balfe's second daughter, Yictoire
(successively Lady Crampton and Duchess
de Frias), had many successes as a prima
donna in Italian opera, both in London and
on the Continent, between 1S57 and 1860.
See Kenney's ' Life of Balfe ' (1865), Barrett's
'Balfe and his Works' (1832), 'Dictionary
of Music and Musicians '(1879), 'Dictionary
of National Biography ' (1885).
Balfour of Burley, John, figures in
Farley's ' Battle of Bothwell Brigg,' and in
W^ESTLAND Marston's ' Strathmore ' (q.v.).
Ball, Edmund. Author of ' The Beauti-
ful Armenian,' a comedy (1778) ; " probably
also," says the 'Biographia Dramatica,
"the author of 'A Bloody Plot Discovered,'^
a trageQy(i780).
Ball, Edward. See Fitzball, Ee
WARD.
Ball, Lewis. Actor, born at Builtl
South Wales, October 31, 1820 ; appeared
as a child, with Miss F. H. Kelly, Aldridgt
and Mdme. Celeste ; was trained, as a youth
under S. Butler, R. Roxby, Charles Rice
and Prince Miller; and played Touchston^^
to INIiss Faucit's Eosalind, Mawwonn to W.
Farren's Dr. Cantwell, and Pistol with
G. Y. Brooke. In August, 1852, he opened
at Sadler's Wells (under Phelps) as the
original Matthew Fagi in Daly's 'Young
Husbands.' and afterwards played such
parts as Flvellen in ' Henry Y.,' Gruviio in
' The Taming of the Shrew,' and Costard io'
' Love's Labour's Lost.' In June, 1858, he
began an engagement at the Olympic,
during which, with other things, ht
BALL
103
BAMBOOZLE
*' created" Mr. Breezely in Wooler's 'Twice-
Told Tale,' and Mr. Dotts in Williams's ' I've
Avrittento Browne;' stilUater, at the Mary-
lebone, he played Jack Shcppard to Tom
Robertson's Blueslcin. After this came a
second engagement at Sadler's Wells, and
various provincial tours and stock seasons,
previous to joining, in 1881, Edward Comp-
ton's comedy company, in connection with
which Lewis Ball has played Sir Toby Belch,
Dogberry, Adam, Sir George Thunder, Sir
Robert Bramble, Job Thornberry, old DoiTi-
ton, Dan Doivlas, Ilardcastle, Tom Noddy,
Sir Anthony Absolute, Sir Peter Teazle, and
Graves, besides " creating " t/oAn Middleton
in ' True Love '(^.v.), Morgan Evans in ' The
Actor' (q.v.), and Israel Jones in 'The May-
flower'(1892).
, Ball (The). A comedy in five acts, by
Gkorge Chapman (q.v.) and James Shirley
' (q.v.), licensed in 16o2, acted " at the private
house in Drury Lane," and printed in 1639.
*' Sir Ambrose Lamount, Sir Marmadiike
Travcrs, Mr. Bostocke, and Colonel Winfield
are suitors to Lady Lucina, who is a rich
widow. She jeers them all, and at last
marries the Colonel. The piece concludes
with a ball " (Genest).
Balladino, Antonio, " pageant poet "
to the City of Milan, in JoNSON's ' The
Case is Altered' (q-v.), is a caricature por-
trait of Anthony Munday, the dramatist
(q.v.), who was "poet" to the City of
London, and for many years directed the
pageants which took place on festivals and
holidays.
Ballad-Mong-er (The). A romantic
play in one act, adapted by Sir Walter
Besant and Walter H. Pollock, from
Theodore de Banville's ' Gringoire' ((/.r.), and
first performed at the Haymarket Theatre,
London, September 15, 1887, with H. Becr-
bohm Tree as Gringoire, C. H. Brookfield as
King Louis, C. Allan as Olivier, Stewart
Dawson as Simon, and Miss Marion Terry
as Loyse ; first performed in America at
Abbey's Theatre, New York, January 28,
1895. See ' Henry IV.,' Pt. I., act iii. sc. 1 :
*' These same ballad-mongers."
Ballad- Sing-er (The). A musical
comedy-drama in three acts, by To:m
Craven (q.v.). Gaiety Theatre, Hastings,
July 16, 1891 ; Elephant and Castle Theatre,
London, March 13, 1893.
Ballet is a character in Planch^'S
' Camp at the Olympic ' {q.v.).
Ballet (The) belongs to the sphere of
music rather than to that of drama. On the
English stage it has taken two forms ; it has
figured as a species of appendage to operatic
representations, or it has been a separate item
in performances mainly dramatic. In the
latter case it has dealt pantomimically as
well as musically with some more or less in-
telligible story. It is, in fact, as musical
pantomime that the ballet has been most
familiar to English playgoers. As such, it
has called for occasional record in this
volume, only the most notable examples
being mentioned. Of late years, in London,
the ballet d'action has been confined almost
wholly to the " variety" houses, its connec-
tion with the drama becoming proportion-
ately distant. See Button Cook's ' Book of
the Play ' and ' On the Stage ; ' also, Grove's
• Dictionary of Music'
Balloon (The). A farcical comedy by
J. H. Darnley {q.v.) and G. Manville
Fenn {q.v.), first performed at Terry's Thea-
tre, London, on the afternoon of November
13, 1S88, with Charles Glenney as Dr. Glynn,
Charles Groves as Aubrey Fitzjohn, Forbes
Dawson as Caj^tain Cameron, Sam Whit-
taker as David, Miss Florence Wood as
Grace Wentivorth, Miss Gabrielle Goldney
as Miss Vere, and Miss S. Vaughan as Mrs.
Rippendale ; revived at the Strand Theatre,
London, in February, 1889, with George
Giddens as the doctor, Alfred Maltby as
Fitzjohn, Miss E. Terriss as Grace, Miss Rose
Saker as Mrs. Rippendale, and Forbes Daw-
son and Miss Goldney in their original parts ;
first performed in America in September,
1889, with a cast including W. H. Crane and
Harry Braham.
Balloonacy; or, A Flig-ht of
Fancy. An extravaganza, words by F. C.
Blrnand {q.v.) and H. P. Stephens {q.v.),
music by E. Solomon, first performed at
the Royalty Theatre, London, on December
1, 1879, with a cast including Charles Groves,
Philip Day, H. Saker, P. Desmond, Miss
Amalia, Miss M. Williams, and Miss Edith
Blande.
Balls, J. S. Actor, born in England,
1799 ; first appeared in London in 1829, as
Fickle in 'The Hunchback,' and at New
York in 1835, as Vapid in 'The Dramatist.'
He left America for England in 1840, and
died at Dublin in 1844.
Balthazar. (1) A merchant in 'The
Comedy of Errors' {q.v.). (2) The name
adopted by Portia in ' The Merchant of
Venice' {qv.). (3) Servant to Romeo in
'Romeo and Juliet' {q-v.). (4) Servant to
Don Pedro in ' INIuch Ado about Nothing.'
(5) Father of Juliana, Volante, and Zamora
in TOBiN's ' Honeymoon ' {q.v.).
Baltimore, U.S.A. The Adelphi
Theatre was erected in 1830 for Booth and
Duff, but, says J. N. Ireland, " in conse-
quence of its poor location, it soon gained
the unenviable title of the INIud Theatre."
It was opened with a performance of ' Isa-
bella,' with J. R. Duff and Mrs. Duflf in the
chief roles. About 1831 it was leased by
the elder Booth.
Balurdo. A character in Marston's
' Antonio's Revenge ' {q.v.).
Bambini, The Marquis- A character
in ' La Fille du Tambour Major ' {q.v.).
Bamhoozilus. A railway director in
Tom Taylor's ' Diogenes and his Lantern '
{q.v.).
Bamboozle, Frank. See Bam-
boozling.
BAMBOOZLING
BANX'EOFT
Bamboozling-. A farce by T. Egkrton
AViJ.KS, first performed at the Olvnipic
Theatre, London, on May 16, 1842, with J.
S. Balls as Frank Bamboozle, A. Yoiinge as
Sir Marmaduke Meadows, Romer as Doiley,
and Miss Daly as Emily ; first performed at
New York in March, 1844, with Barry as
Bamboozle, and revived there in December,
1850, with Brougham in the cast. In this
piece " a young married lady unexpectedly
meets her' uncle at an hotel, and, in order
to explain her husband's absence, prevails
upon a stranger to take his place for half
an hour."
Bampfylde Moore Carew; or,
The Gypsey of The Glen. A romantic
melodrama in three acts, performed at the
Surrey Theatre, with Rayner in the title
part, and Dibdin, Pitt, Vale, Almar, Asbury,
and Osbaldiston (the Gypsey) in other parts.
Bancroft, John. Dramatic wi-iter,
died 1696 ; author of ' Sertorius,' a tragedy
(1678-9). Two other plays—' King Edward
the Third ' (1691) and 'Henry the Second, King
of England ' (1692), both of which see— are
ascribed to him by different authorities.
Both are to be found in ' Six Plays written
by Mr. ^Mountfort ' (1720). See Langbaine's
' English Dramatic Poets ' (1691), ' Biographia
Dramatica ' (1S12), and Genest's ' English
Stage ' (1830).
Bancroft, Squire Bancroft. Actor
and theatrical manager ; born in Surrey,
May 14, 1841 ; began his professional career
at the Theatre Royal, Birmingham, in
January, 1861. his first role being that of
Lieutenant Manly in Bayle Bernard's
* St. Mary's Eve' {q.v.). From Birmingham
(whence he paid short professional visits to
Cork and Devonport) he went successively
to Dublin and to Liverpool, where (in ' Court
Favour ') he acted for the first time with his
future wife, Miss ^Marie Wilton. During the
four years and four months covered by his
provincial experience, he played no fewer
than three hundred and forty-six parts, a
complete list of which is given in the Theatre
magazine for AugTist, 1SS8. When Miss
Wilton became manageress of the Prince of
Wales's Theatre, London, she engaged S. B.
Bancroft, who made his London debut there
on April 15, 1S65, in Wooler's ' A Winning
Hazard '(r?.r.). At this theatre he "created"
also the following parts : — Mark in P. Simp-
son's 'A Fair Pretender' (1S65), Captain
Thistleton in Byron's ' War to the Knife '
(18Qo), Sidney Daryl in Robertson's • Society '
(1865), Gerald Goodwin in Byron's '£100,000'
(1866), Annus Macalister in Robertson's
•Ours' (1866), Captain Haivtree in Robert-
sou's 'caste' (1867), John Smith in Gil-
bert's ' Allow me to Explain ' (1S67), Beecher
Sprau-ley in Boucicault's 'How She Loves
Him '(1867), the Chevalier Browne in Robert-
son's 'Play' (1868), Mortimer Wedgwood in
Yates's 'Tame Cats ' (1868), J'ftcA: Poyntz in
Robertsons 'School' (1869), Talbot Piers
in Robertson's ' M.P.' (1870). 3/ n Speedwell
in Collius's 'Man and Wife' (1873), Bob
Blewitt in Byron's 'Wrinkles' (1876), Sir
George Ormond in Scott and Stephenson's
'Peril' (1876), and Count Orloff in Scott
and. Stephenson's ' Diplomacy ' (1878). He
was also seen at the Prince of Wales's in the
following roles :—Tom Stylus in ' Society '
(1868), Hugh Chalcot in 'Ours' (1870),
Sir Frederick Blount in 'Money' (1872),
Joseph Surface in ' The School for Scandal'
(1874), the Prince of Morocco in ' The Mer-
chant of Venice ' (1875), Mr. Honeyton in ' A
Happy Pair ' (1875), Triplet in ' Masks and
Faces' (1875), Dazzle in ' London Assurance *
(1877), SindBlenkinsop in ' An Unequal Match'
(1877). After his marriage with Miss Marie
Wilton (1868), S. B. Bancroft became co
manager with her of the Prince of W'ales's
Theatre, which they vacated in 1879, to
undertake the control of the Haymarket.
At the latter theatre he created Lord Henry
Trevene in Sardou's ' Odette ' (1882), Jean
de Siriex in Sardou's ' Fedora ' (1883), and
Tom Jervoise in Pinero's ' Lords and Com-
mons ' (1883) : he was also seen there as
Harry Sjireadbrow in 'Sweethearts' (1879),
George Clarke in 'The Vicarage' (1880),
Fouche'm T. Taylor's 'Plot and Passion'
(1881), Tom Dexter in Taylor's 'Overland
Route ' (1882), Dr. Thornton in ' Peril' (1884),
Faulkland in ' The Rivals ' (1884), and Henry
Beauclerc in ' Diplomacy ' (1SS4). In 1889 he
was induced to return to the stage, to play
the Abbe Latour in a revival of Watts
Phillips's 'Dead Heart' at the Lyceum,
In 1*93 he reappeared at the Garrick
Theatre, London, as Count Orloff in 'Diplo-
macy.' and in 1S94 (for a benefit) as G. Clarke
in ' The Vicarage ' {q.v.). In 1897 he received
the honour of knighthood. See ' Mr. and
Mrs. Bancroft on and off the Stage' (1888)
and 'Actors and Actresses' (New York,
1886).
Bancroft, Lady [Marie Effie Wilton].
Actress ; daughter of Robert Pleydell
Wilton ; born at Doncaster about 1840 ;
played children's parts, first on the Norwich
circuit, next at Manchester (where she ap-
peared as Mamillius in ' The Winter's Tale,*
Hymen in ' As You Like It,' Flea nee in ' Mac-
beth,' and Arthur in ' King John,' etc.), and
afterwards on the Bristol and Bath circuit.
Her London debut was made at the Lyceum
Theatre on September 15, 1856, as Henri, the
boy in ' Belphegor,' and Perdita in W.
Brough's burlesque so named {q.v.). She
was engaged successively at the Havmarket
(1857), the Adelphi (1857-8), and the Strand
(1858-64), with occasional appearances else-
where. In April, 1865, she became co-lessee
and manager, with H. J. Byron, of the Prince
of Wales's (formerly the Queen's) Theatre,
London. In April, 1867, Byron retired, and
in the following year (December 28), Miss
Wilton married Squire Bancroft Bancroft
iq.v.). She and her husband remained
managers of the theatre till 1879, when they
left it to become, in January, 1880, managers
of the Haymarket. Here they continued
till July, 1885, when they retired from
management. Mrs. Bancroft has " created "
(besides Brough's Perdita) the followins;
k
BAND, CUFF, AND RUFF.
BANDITTI
parts :— At the Lyceum : Serena in "\V.
Brough's 'Conrad and Medora' (1856), and
Lemondrop in 'My Friend from Leather-
head ' (1857). At the Haymarket : Cupid in
F. Talfourd's 'Atalanta' (1857). At the
Adelphi : Cttpid in ' Cupid and Psyche '
(1857). At the Strand : Pep2)0 in H. J.
Byron's ' Maid and the Magpie ' (1858), Jia-
leigh in Halliday's ' Kenilworth ' (1858),
Juliet in Halliday's 'Romeo and Juliet'
(1859), Albert in F. Talfourd's ' Tell ' (1859),
Karl in Byron and Talfourd's ' Miller and
his Men' "(1860), Aladdin in Byron's bur-
lesque (1861), Gringoire in Byron's ' Esme-
ralda' (1861), Myles-na-Copjmlecn in Byron's
«iMiss Eily O'Connor' (1861). At the St.
James's : Genrdie in Brough's ' Great Sen-
sation Trial ' (1864). At the Strand : Orpheus
in Byron's 'Orpheus and Eurydice' (1863),
Florence in Troughton's ' Unlimited Confi-
dence' (1864), Mazourka in Byron's burlesque
(1864). At the Prince of Wales's : Alessio in
Byron's 'La! Sonnambula' (1865), Susanna
in P. Simpson's • A Fair Pretender ' (1865),
Mrs. Detacowr in Byron's 'War to the Knife'
(1865), Edgar in Byron's ' Lucia di Lammer-
moor' (1865), Maud Hetherington in Robert-
son's ' Society ' (1865), Little Don Giovanni
in Byron's burlesque (1865), Alice Barlow in
Byron's '£100,000' (1866), Marg l^e.tley in
Robertson's 'Ours' (1866), Polly Eccles in
Robertson's ' Caste ' (1867), Atalanta
Cruiser in Boucicault's 'How She Loves
Him' (1867), liosie Fanquehere in Ro-
bertson's ' Play ' (1868), Mrs. Langley in
Yates's 'Tame Cats' (1868), Naomi Tighe in
Robertson's 'School' (1S69). Cecilia Duns-
combe in Robertson's ' JNLP.' (1870), Blanche
Lundie in Wilkie Collins's 'Man and Wife'
(1873), Jenny Northcott in W. S. Gilbert's
'Sweethearts' (1874), Winifred Piper in
Byron's ' Wrinkles ' (1876), Mrs. Uaygarth in
C. Scott's ' Vicarage ' (1877), and the Countess
ZicJca in Scott and Stephenson's ' Diplomacy '
(1878). At the Haymarket : Kate Reeve in
Burnand's 'Lesson' (1881), Lady Walker in
Sardou's ' Odette ' (1S82), the Countess Olga
Soukareff in Sardou's 'Fedora' (1883), and
Miss Maplebeck in Pinero's ' Lords and Com-
mons' (1883). She has also represented the
following :— At the Lyceum : Virginia in
Knowles's play (1857). At the Strand :
Carlo in 'Asmodeus' (1858), Gertrude in
'The Little Treasure' (1858), and Inicy
Merton in Planche's 'Court Favour' (1858).
At the Prince of Wales's : Georgina Vesey
in Lytton's 'Money' (1872), Lady Teazle
(1874), Lady Franklin in Lytton's ' Money '
(1875), Peg Woffington in Reade's 'Masks
and Faces '(1875), Pert in Boucicault's ' Lon-
don Assurance ' (1877), Hester Grazebrook in
T. Taylor's ' Unequal Match ' (1877), Nan in
Buckstone's ' Good for Nothing ' (1879). At
the Haymarket : Mrs. Sebright in T. Taylor's
'Overland Route' (1882), and Lady Henry
Fairfax in Scott and Stephenson's ' Diplo-
macy' (1884). She reappeared in the last-
named part at the Garrick Theatre, London,
in 1893, and in 1894 she reappeared at an
afternoon performance as Mrs. Heygarth in
The Vicarage' {q.v.). See 'Mr. and Mrs.
Bancroft on and off the Stage, written by
Themselves' (1888), 'Actors and Actresses'
(New York, 1886), and the Cenii^??/ magazine
for January, 1881. Lady Banci-oft is the
author of three dramatic pieces : ' A River-
side Story '(1890), ' My Daughter,' an adapta-
tion (1692), and ' A Dream ' (1903).
Band, Cuff, and Ruff; A Merry
Dialog-ue between. " Done by an ex-
cellent wit, and lately acted in a shew ; "
printed in 1615. On the title-page of the
second edition same year, the dialogue is
entitled ' Exchange Ware at tlae Second
Hand,' and the " shew" is .said to have taken
place "in the famous universitie of Cam-
bridge."
Bandanna, Mrs. A character in A.
WiGAN's 'Loan of a Wife '(g. v.).
Bandit (The). See Edwin and Ange-
lina.
Bandit King- (The). A melodrama in
five acts, first played in America, with Miss
Marie Hillforde as Kobemah; produced at
the Queen's Theatre, Manchester, September
16, 1895 ; at the Pavilion Theatre, London,
December 2, 1895.
Bandit Merchant (The). See Maid
OF Genoa.
Bandit of the Blind Mine (The).
A play by H. M. Milnkr (r/.i'.), performed
at the Bowery Theatre, New York, in 1845-6,
with Gary and Blanchard in the cast.
Banditti (The) ; or, A Lady's Dis-
tress. A play by T. DURFEY (^q.v.), licensed
in March, 1685-6, and acted at the Theatre
Hoyal, with Kynaston as Don Antonio,
Williams as Don Fernand, Mrs. Bai'rer as
Lawra, James Nokes as Megxra, and
Griffin as Leon. The " lady " is Latvra, who,
being suspected by Antonio of an intrigue
with Fernand, seeks refuge with Megcera.
Megcera's husband, Leon, leader of the
banditti, is about to ravish Lawra, when
she is saved by Fernand. Ultimately
Antonio and Laivra are reunited. Part of
the plot is taken from Shirley's ' Sisters.'
See Catcall, Sir Critic. (2) 'The Ban-
ditti ; or. Love's Labyrinth : ' a comic opera,
words by John O'Keefe, music by Dr.
Arnold ; acted at Co vent Garden on October
27, 1781, and condemned at the first perform-
ance. Altered and re-entitled ' Tlie Castle
of Andalusia,' it was brought out at Covent
Garden on November 2, 1782, with Mattocks
as Ferdinando, Edwin as Pedrillo, Quick as
Spado, and Miss Harper as Victoria, and
was highly successful. It was afterwards
again altered by the author, and revived at
Covent Garden in 1788, 1799, and 1826. Also
at the Haymarket on July 6, 1884, and at
the same theatre (for a " run ") on September
18, 1894, with a cast including Weiss, Buck-
stone, Compton, Chippendale, W. Farren,
Louise Keeley, etc. The humours of the
piece consist mainly in Ferdinando's
changing position and clothes with his ser-
vant PcrfnWo. He is in love with Victoria,
Spado is one of the banditti.
BAXDMANN
106
BANISHED STAR
Bandmann, Daniel Edward.
Actor, born at Cassel, Germany ; made his
professional debut, at the age of eighteen, at
the Court Theatre of New Strehtz. After
considerable experience on the Continent,
he acted for the first time in English on
January 15, 1S63, at Niblo's Garden, New
York, sustaining the role of Shylock. In
September of the same year he appeared at
the same theatre as Narcisse (q.v.) in an
adaptation from the German. He remained
in the States for a few years, during which
he played Hamlet and various other leading
Q-oles. His first appearance in England was
made at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on
February 17, 1S6S, as Narcisse. He next
"created" the part of Vijvycm in Lord
Lytton's ' Rightful Heir ' (Lyceum, October
3. 1868), and was afterward seen as Othello
(Lyceum, November 30, 1S6S). A visit to
Australia (1869) was followed by a tour in
the United States (1870-1), and by a second
visit to London (June, 1871), where, in July,
1872, he appeared as De Maurienne in Tom
Taylor's 'iJead or Alive' (,q.v.). After a
series of Shakesperean performances in the
English provinces came, in February, 1873,
some appearances as Hamlet at the Princess's
Theatre, London. In March, 1888, D. E.
Bandmann was seen as Br. Jelajll and Mr.
Hyde at Niblo's Garden, in an adaptation of
Stevenson's story {q.v.) made by himself— a
piece which he produced at the Opera
Comique, London, in the following August,
assuming the aforesaid dual role. In ad-
dition to this piece, the following plays
by D. E. Bandmann have been performed
in England :— ' Only a Player '(1873). 'Tom's
Revenge' (1874), 'The Cross and tlie Cres-
cent ' (1876), ' ]Madeline Morel ' (1878), and
* Marie Jeanne ' (1879).
Bandmann -Palmer, Mrs. [Milly
Palmer]. Actress, born at Lancaster ; made
her professional dehut at Liverpool when
fourteen years of age, her first appearance
in London taking place at the Strand Thea-
tre in November, 1864, w^hen she figured as
Pauline, in ' Delicate Ground ' {q.v.). At the
Strand she remained till the end of the
1864-5 season, among the parts "created"
by her being those of Mrs. Bubble in Craven's
"One Tree Hill' {q.v.), Laura Goodman in
Parselle"s ' Cross Purposes * {q.v.), and Eva
in Wooler's 'Laurence's Love Suit' {q.v.).
In October, 1866, at the Olympic, she was
the first i-epresentative of Grace Dtmjer in
Tom Taylor's play, 'The Whiteboy' {q.v.),
and in December of the same year she played
Grace Harkaway at the same theatre. At
the Lyceum, in November, 1867, she appeared
as Juliet to Mdlle. Vestvali's Eoraeo ; in
February, 1868, as Doris Quinault in ' Nar-
cisse ' {q.v.) ; and in October, 1868, as the
original Eveline in Lord Lytton's ' Rightful
Heir' {q.v.). In February, 1869, she married
Daniel E. Bandmann {q.v.), with whom she
toured (in 1869) in Australia and (in 1870-1)
in the United States, appearing as Beatrice,
Portia, Pauline ('Lady of Lyons'), etc.
Her London rentree was made in July, 1872,
at the Queen's Theatre. In February, 1873,
she played Lady Macbeth at the Princess's
In the course of subsequent tours in tht
English provinces, Mrs. Bandmann imper
sonated Ophelia, Desdemona, Mrs. Haller
and Lady Teazle. In April, 1878, at th
Adelphi, she was the original Valentine u
'Proof {q.v.). She afterwards revisitei
America. Sent to Germany, by-and-bv, fo
the benefit of her health, she learned th
language, and in December, 1886, playe^
Lady Teazle in German at the Residen
Theatre, Dresden. Returning to Englan
in 1888, she reappeared at the Olympii
London, on May 3, as Lady Macbeth to th
Macbeth of E. S. Willard. In 1889 st
added to her repertory the "Mary Stuart
of Schiller, and in April of the 'followir
year played the title part at the Gran
Theatre, Islington. In 1892 she appearfj
for the first time as Hamlet, a role which si;
has since performed very frequently both :j
London and in the English provinces. SI
has adapted to the English stage (1892) tl!
' Catherine Howard' {q.v.) of Victor Hugo.'
Bane, Allan. An old minstrel in t
drama of ' The Lady of the Lake ' {q.v.).
Bang-. (1) Dr. Bang is a character in :
M. Morton's 'Englishman's House is li
Castle' {q.v.). (2) M. Etocle Bang figui:
in C. S. Cheltnam's 'Slowtop's Enga^
ments'(5.v.).
Bang-s, Francis C. Actor, born
Virginia, 1837; made his dibut at Washii
ton in 1852 ; first appeared in New York
1858 at Laura Keene's Theatre ; was engaj
at AVallack's in 1858-9, and at the Win
Garden in 1860. He reappeared at Wa
ington in 1865, and at New York in 1868
Old Tom in ' After Dark '). In 1869 he pla; .
Ham Peggotty in 'Little Em'ly ' at Nibl ,
and the Duke of Alva in ' Patrie ' at the Gn .
Opera House, New York. Among his ot
parts may be mentioned Antony, Sarda ■
2)alus, and Dan'l Druce.
Bang-les, Joe. A character in G •
BERT'S ' Randall's Thumb ' {q.v.).
Banim, John. Novelist, born 1 ,
died 1842 ; wrote several dramatic piec :
' Sylla ' (1826), 'The Sergeant's Wife' (IJ I,
'Damon and Pythias,' ' The Prodigal,' 1
' Turgesius,' all of which see. See, also, s
' Life ' by Murray (1857).
Banished Duke (The) ; or, ^ e
Trag-edy of Infortunatus. A polil d
pamphlet, written in dramatic form, d
published in 1690. It is directed aga A
James II., who figures as Romanus. Inft i-
natus is the Duke of Monmouth, and Pai w
the queen. According to the ' Biogra ia
Dramatica,' the piece was acted " at le
Theatre Royal " in the above-named j r.
See Abdicated Prince, The.
Banished Star (The). A corned :>}'
J. B. BUCKSTONE {q.v.), produced at v.-
York in December, 1840, with Mrs. .z-
William as Mdlle. Fanny Nonparei in
which character she gave imitations of : li-
bran and Rubini.
BANISHMENT OF CICERO
BANNISTER
Banishinent of Cicero (The). A
tragedy by Richard Cumberland (q.v.),
printed in 1761, but not acted. " Clodia," sa,ya
Genest, " is in love with Frugi. He is in love
■with Tullia, the daughter of Cicero. He
rejects the solicitations of Clodia. She
instigates Clodius, who is her brother, to
kill Frugi. Clodius kills Volumnius, think-
ing him to be Frugi. Clodia stabs herself.
Frugi is killed fighting. Clodius says of
Cicero—
• Be it my task to cast this exile forth.' "
See the ' Biographia Dramatica.'
Banister, John. Musical composer,
born 1630, died 1679 ; wrote music to Dr. C.
Davenant's tragedy of ' Circe ' (1676) and (in
conjunction with Pelham Humphrey) to
'The Tempest '(1676).
Banister, Rev. James, published the
following translations from Euripides :—
'Iphigenia in Aulis,' 'Orestes,' 'Ph^nissiE,'
and ' Troades,' all in 1780.
Bank-Note, The; or, Lessons for
Ladies. See Artful Husband, The.
Banker (The). An adaptation by
J. SCHONBERG {q.v.) of Miss Braddon's
novel, ' Henry Dunbar ' {q.v.), produced at
New York in June, 1S90.
Banker of Rouen, The. A play pro-
duced at the Lafayette Theatre, New York,
in November, 1826, with Maywood and
Walstein in the cast.
Banker's Daug-hter, The. (1) A
drama by W. C. Foster, produced at North
Shields, May 24, 1876. (2) A comedy by
Bronson Howard {q.v.), first performed
at the Union Square Theatre, New York,
in 1878, with Charles Thorne in the chief
male part. Miss Sara Jewett in the title
role. Miss Maud Harrison as Mrs. Broion,
J. B. Polk as Washington Philips, W. T. Le
Moyne. In the following year it was
adapted by J. Albery (^j.^^'to the English
stage, and produced in London as 'The Old
Love and the New' {q.v.).
Banker's Wife (The). A play pro-
duced at the Broadway Theatre, New York,
in May, 1852, with Miss Cushman as
Augusta.
Bankrupt (The). (1) A comedy in three
acts, by Samuel Foote, first performed at
the Haymarket Theatre, London, on July 21,
1773, with a cast including the author as Sir
Robert Riscounter, J. Aikin, Mrs. Williams,
Mrs. Jewell, Miss Ambrose, Lamash, and
other actors as Margin, Pillage, and Re-
source. The threatened bankruptcy of Sir
Robert— saXa to have been suggested by a
contemporary incident in commercial circles
—is not a leading feature of the piece, but
brings in Pillage and Resource, whose advice
is invited but rejected by Sir Robert. Margin
is a printer. (2) A domestic drama pro-
duced at the Broadway Theatre, New York,
in December, 1855, with C. Fisher and W. A.
Chapman in the cast.
Bankruptcy. The title given to an
American adaptation of Bjornson'S play,
' En FaUit.'
Banks, Georg-e Linnaeus. Miscel-
laneous writer, born 1821, died 1881; wrote
two dramas— 'The Swiss Father ' (in which
Creswick appeared) and 'The Slave King'
(for Ira Aldridge) ; also, two burlesques—
*01d Maids and Mustard' and 'Ye Doleful
Wives of Windsor'— and a volume entitled
'All About Shakspere' (1864). See 'Die
tionary of National Biography ' (1885).
Banks, John. Dramatic writer, born
about 1650 ; was a member of the New Inn ;
and wrote the following five-act tragedies—
' The Rival Kings ' (1677), ' The Destruction
of Troy' (1678), 'The Unhappy Favourite'
(1682), 'The Innocent Usurper' (1683), 'The
Island Queens' ['Albion Queens'] (1684),
' Virtue Betrayed ' (1692), and ' Cyrus the
Great ' (1696) — all of which see. See Cibber's
' Apology ' (1740) and Genest's ' English
Stage ' (1832).
Banks of Allan "Water, The. See
Barnett, C. Z.
Banks of Killarney, The. See Eily
O'Connor.
Banner. A character in Buckstone's
'Two Queens' {q.v.).
Bannian Day. A musical entertain-
ment in two acts, words by George
Brewer, music by S. Arnold ; first per-
formed at the Theatre Royal, Haymarket, on
June 11, 1796, with a cast including Fawcett
{Batch), Suett {Bobby .Notice), and Mrs.
Bland.
Bannister, Charles. Actor and
vocalist ; father of John Bannister ; born in
Gloucestershire in 1738, died 1804 ; after
some experience as an amateur, made his
professional debut on the Norwich circuit,
and his first appearance in London in 1762,
as ]Vill in ' The Orators,' at the Haymarket
{q.v.). There he distinguished himself as
an imitator of Tenducci and other singers.
After singing at Ranelagh and elsewhere,
he appeared at Drury Lane in 1767, going
thence to Covent Garden in 1782, returning
to Drury Lane in 1785, and joining the
Royalty company in 1787. Some country
engagements followed, and then sundry
appearances at the " Lane," the " Garden,''
etc. The 'Thespian Dictionary ' says "his
voice was a strong clear bass, with one of
the most extensive falsettos ever heard."
Dibdin held him to be " in many respects
superior to any singer that perhaps ever
lived. The body and volume of voice which
he possessed were only equalled by its
sweetness and interest." " His Steady [' The
Quaker'], etc., were good," says Genest; "his
Caliban and Grimbald were excellent." See
the ' Thespian Dictionary ' (1805), Genest's
' English Stage ' (1832), Dibdin's ' History of
the Stage ' (1800), and Adolphus' ' INIemoirs
of John Bannister ' (1838).
Bannister, John. Actor, son ot
BANNISTER
103
BANVILLE
Charles Bannister ; born at Deptford, 17C0, j
(lied in London, 1836 ; appeared at Drury <
J.ane as early as 1772, but made his regular |
debut at the Haymarket in 1778, as Dick in |
' The Apprentice ' (q.v.) ; appeared at Drury
Lane in the same year as Zaphna in ' Ma-
lioniet' iq.v.), and at Covent Garden in 1779
as the Prince of Wales in ' 1 Henry IV.' He
next played at Birmingham, returning to
town to "create" Don Ferolo Whiskerandos
(' The Critic ') at Drury Lane (1779). Among
his other original parts -svere Dabble in ' The
Humourist,' Scout in ' The Village Lawyer,'
Inkle in 'Inkle "and Yarico,' " >S(> David
Dunder in ' Ways and Means,' Gondibert in
' The Battle of Hexham,' Eobin in ' No Song,
No Supper,' Walter in ' Children in the Wood,'
Jack Crotchet in ' The Box-Lobby Chal-
lenge,' Sylvester Daggerwood in ' New Hay
at the Old Market,' Wilford in ' The Iron
Chest,' Motley in ' The Castle Spectre,' and
Rolando in ' The Honeymoon.' His other
parts included Almaviva (' Spanish Barber '
and ' Follies of a Day '), Brisk (' The Double
Dealer '), Ben (' Love for Love '), Brass (' The
Confederacy'), Lissardo ('The Wonder'),
Scrub ('The Beaux' Stratagem'), Trappanti
('She Would and She Wouldn't'), Sir An-
thony Absolute, Tony Lumpkin, Bob Acres,
Colonel Feignwell ('A Bold Stroke for a
Husband'), J/flrj;^of ('The Busybody'), Job
Thornherry ('John Bull'), Dr. Pangloss
(' Heir at Law '), and Dr. Ollajjud (' The Poor
(ientleman '). He also played Hamlet, Shy-
lock, Orlando, Mercutio, Parolles, Speed, and
Touchstone. In 1783 he married Miss Harper.
In 1807 he began the delivery of a dramatic
and musical monologue called ' Bannister's
Budget,' and in 1815 retired from the stage.
" Mr. Bannister," wrote Leigh Hunt "(1807),
" is the tii'st low comedian on the stage. Let
an author present him with a humorous
idea, whether it be of jollity, of ludicrous
distress, or of grave indifference, whether
it be mock heroic, burlesque, or mimicry,
and he embodies it with an instantaneous
felicity." " Bannister," says Hazlitt, " did
not go out of himself to take possession of
his part, but put it on over his ordinary
dress, like a surtout, snug, warm, and com-
fortable. He let his personal character
appear through ; and it was one great charm
of his acting. . . . His Scrub, his Son-in-
law, his part in the ' Grandmother,' his
Autolycus, his Colonel Feignwell, and his
Walter in ' The Children in the Wood,' were
all admirable " (' On Play-going '). " I have
seen," says Boaden, "no actor at all near
him where he was fully himself." " He was
the best actor on the stage," says Oxberry.
See 'Secret History of the Green-Room'
(1795), Leigh Hunt's 'Performers of the
London Theatres ' (1S07), Kelly's ' Reminis-
cences' (1826), Oxberry's 'Dramatic Bio-
graphy'(1826), F. Reynolds' 'Reminiscences'
(1826), Genest's ' English Stage ' (1832), ' Me-
moirs of John Bannister,' bv Adolphus
(1838). Robson's ' Old Playgoer' (1846), W.
Donaldson's 'Recollections' (1865), C. R.
Leslie's 'Autobiography' (1865), Haydon's
' Correspondence '(18"6), and Lamb's ' Essays
of Elia.'
Bannister, J. Actor; "created" the
roles of Mr. Kerry in ' Light and Shade '
(1879) and Sir Harry Widgeon in Merivale's
' Lord of the Manor ' (1880). He was also
seen at the Imperial Theatre, London, as
Foigard in 'The Beaux' Stratagem' (1879)»
Stephen Harrowby in 'The Poor Gentleman'
(1879), and William in 'As You Like It'
(1880).
Bannister, Nathaniel Harrington.
American actor and playwright, born 1813,
died 1847 ; made his debut at Baltimore in
1829, and played afterwards at the Chatham
and Bowery Theatres, New York. He was
the author of the following dramas :—
' Caius Silius ' (q.v.), ' England's Iron Days,'
'The Gentleman of Lyons' (q.v.), 'Infi-
delity' (q.v.), 'The Marriage Contract,'
* Murrell, the Land Pirate' (q.v.), 'Psam-
meticus,' ' Putnam ' (q.v.), ' Robert Emmett'
iq.v.), ' The Two Spaniards ' (q.v.), and ' The
Wandering Jew' (q.v.). He also adapted
' Titus Andronicus.' See Ireland's ' New
York Stage ' and Brown's ' American Stage.'
Bannister, Mrs. N. H. (n4e Green).
Actress, and wife of the above ; made her
debut at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, in 1817.
She was long known at the Bowery and
other theatres as Mrs. Stone, but in 1837
reappeared in New York as Mrs. Bannister,
having married in the interval. She played
Cissy in ' Uncle Tom's Cabin ' at the National
Theatre in 1853. See Ireland's ' New York
Stage.'
Bannister, T. B. Dramatic writer ;
author of ' Geraldine's Ordeal' (1S71), 'A
Theft for a Life ' (1877), ' Mistaken Identity
(1882), 'False Lights' (1886), 'The Wlieel
of Time ' (1892), ' The Gladiators ' (1893).
Banquo, in 'Macbeth' (q.v.), is "a
genei-al of the king's army" and father of
Fleance. He enters first in act i. sc. 3, and
is murdered in act iii. sc. 2. His ghost
appears in the scene following.
Bantam. (I) Captain and Mrs. Bantan
are characters in J. M. Morton's ' Cousii
Lambkin ' (q.v.). (2) Nicholas Bantam figure:
in Douglas Jerrold's 'Time works Won
ders' (q.v.). (3) Squire Bantam is a cha
racter in T. J. Williams' ' Lion-Slayer
(q.v.) ; and (4) there is a Squire Bantan
in Cellier's ' Dorothy ' (q.v.).
Banter. (1) Mrs. Banter is a gay widoA
in J. V. MiLLiNGEX's 'Ladies at Home
(q.v.). (2) Mrs. and Miss Banter figure i:
H. T. Craven's ' My Preserver' (q.v.).
Bantry Bay. A musical interlude b
G. N. Reynolds, based on the attempt c
the French to land in Bantry Bay, and firf
performed at Covent (larden on February 1:
1797, with Johnstone in the cast. It wa
plaved at New York in 1863, with W. I
Blake as Billy Bluff.
Banville, Theodore de. See Ballai
monger; Gkingoire; Kiss, The.
BAPTISM AND TEMPTATION 109
BARBER BARON
Baptism and Temptation, Of. Two
comedies by Bishop Bale {q.v.).
Baptista. Fatlier of Katherine and
Bianca in ' The Taming of the Shrew' {q.v.).
Baptistes. See Tyrannical Govern-
ment.
Baratas. (1) The chief character in
Marlowe's ' 3e\Y of Malta' {q.v.). Charles
Lamb has said of him that IMarlowe's Jew
"does not approach so near to Shakespeare's,
as his ' Edward the Second' does to ' Richard
tiie Second.' Barabas is a mere monster
brought in with a large painted nose to
please the rabble. He kills in sport, poisons
whole nunneries, invents infernal machines.
He is just such an exhibition as a century
or two earlier might have been played before
the Londoners 'by the royal command,'
when a general pillage and massacre of the
Hebrews had been previously resolved on
in the cabinet." The part was in the reper-
tory of Edmund Kean, who, it is recorded,
relieved its monotony by introducing a song !
(2) Barabas is a character in ' The Thirst of
Gold • {q.v.).
Baradas. Favourite of Louis XIII., in
Lord Lytton'S ' Richelieu ' {q.v.).
Barark Johnson ; or, The Blind
"Witness. A drama in one act, by William
Reeve, first performed at the Surrey
Theatre, London, on April 8, 1S44, with
N. T. Hicks in the title part, Heslop as the
■witness, and Vale and Mrs. H. Vining in
other parts.
Barataria ; or, Sancho turned
Oovernor. See Quixote, Don.
Barbara. A one-act play, by Jerome
K. Jero:me, first performed at the Globe
Theatre, London, on June 19, 18S6, with
Miss Cissy Grahame in the title part.
Barbara. A character in Colman's
'Iron Chest' {q.v.). Oxberry says that
*' Miss Poole, once playing Barbara, in the
scene where she parts from Wil/ord before
his trial, omitted the song of ' Down by the
River,' and proceeded thus --' Poor Wilford
has been dragged to prison, but never can
I forget Merrily, oh ! merrily every bosom
i)oundeth ! ' "
Barbara Allen. A burletta by Charle.s
DiBDiN, jun., founded on the famous ballad
included' by Allan Ramsay in his ' Tea-Table
Miscellany ' (1724) and by Bishop Percy in
kis ' Reliques ' (1765).
Barbarossa. A tragedy by Dr.
Browne {q.v.), first performed at Drury
Lane on December 17, 1754, with Garrick as
Achmet, Mossop as Barbarossa, Havard as
Othman, Mrs. Cibber as Zaphira, and
Miss Macklin as Irene. Achmet is really
Selim, the son of the King of Algiers,
whom Barbarossa, the corsair, has murdered
and dethroned. Barba7-ossa has hired a
■certain Omar to kill Selim; but Selim has
slain Omar, and, by means of a ring, passes
himself off upon Barbarossa as a friend of
the dead man. He tries to stab Barbarossa,
but fails, and is about to be tortured on the
rack, when he is rescued by Othman. Bar-
barossa is killed, and his daughter, Irene,
becomes the bride of Selim. Zaphira is the
mother of Selim. The play was revived at
Drury Lane and Covent Garden in 1804, with
Master Betty as Achmet; and at Drury
Lane in 1817, with Kean as Achmet. It
was played in New York in 1793, with Sir
Richard Crosby in the chief part ; at the
Bowery in August, 1846, with Booth, jun.,
as Barbarossa and Chanfrau as Sadi.
Barbazon ; or, The Fatal Peas. An
operetta, words by Arthir Matthison
{q.v.), and music by F. Wallerstein ; first
performed at Drury Lane on September 22,
1877, with the author, Miss H. Coveney,
Miss C. Jecks, Miss Stembridge, and E. J.
George in the cast.
Barbe-Bleue- An opera bouffe, in
three acts and four tableaux, music by
Jacques Offenbach, libretto by Henry
Meilhac and Ludovic Halevy, Paris Varietes,
1866 ; first performed in America at Niblo's
Garden in July, 1868 ; first performed in
London at the St. James's Theatre, in
French, in 1869 ; produced, with an English
libretto, at the Gaiety Theatre. London, in
July. 1870, with Miss Julia Matthews as
Bonlotfe ; in the English provinces in 1877,
with Miss Patti Laverne as Boulotte ; at the
Avenue Theatre, London, June 16, 1883, with
Miss Florence St. John as Boulot'e, Miss
Lottie Venne as Fleurette, Miss Maria Davis
as the Queen, C. Marius as Popolani, H.
Bracy as Barbe-Bleue, T. G. Warren as the
Count, J. J. Dallas as the King, and Arthur
"Williams as Sapphire ; revived at the
Comedy Theatre. London, on January 16,
1885, with Miss St. John as Boulotte. See
Bluebeard Re-Paired.
Barbe Bleue, Abomeliaue de. See
Abomelique de Barbk Blele.
Barbeatid, Liandry, figures in 'Fan-
chette' {q.v.), ' Fanchon ' {q.v.), 'The Grass-
hopper'('/.i'.), and other English versions of
George Sand's ' Fadette.'
Barber, James- Dramatic writer ;
author of ' Tlie Black Law of Martinique,"
' La Dame de St. Tropez ' (1845), ' Jonathan '
(1845), ' The Memoirs of the Devil ' (1842),
' Rebecca,' ' The Weaver of Lyons ' (1844),
' Which is the Thief ? ' etc.
Barber and his Brothers (The). A
musical burletta, taken from ' The Arabian
Nights,' and first performed at the Adeljihi
Theatre, London, in 1826, with a cast in-
cluding Terry, Yates, Wrench, Reeve, T.
P. Cooke, and Mrs. Bower.
Barber and the Bravo (The); or,
The Princess with the Raven Locks.
A farcical drama by Isabella Vernier,
first performed at the Surrey Theatre,
London, in October, 1846, with Neville as
Abomelique the Secoiid, Prince of Piombino ;
E. F. Saville as Popiliqtte, the barber ; and
Mrs. E. F. Saville as Kalydora, the Princess.
Barber Baron (The) ; or, The Frank-
BARBER BRAVO
110
BARMECIDE
fort Lottery. A farce, adapted from ' Le
Barbier Cliatelain,' by T. J. Thackeray, and
first performed at the Haymarket Theatre,
Lundon, on September 8, 1S28, with Farren
in the title part (Frissac), BUndal as Colonel
£>'Ormsber(j, Mrs. T. Hill as the Countess
Olivia, and J. Reeve as Peters.
Barber Bravo (The). A play per-
formed at Princess's Theatre, London, m
1846, with C. J. Mathews in the cast, and
in the same year at the Bowery Theatre,
New York.
Barber of Bag-dad (The). (1) A
farce by E. Fitzball {q.v.), tirst performed
at the Surrey Theatre, London, November
20, 1826. (2) An opera by Peter Cornelius,
performed, with an English libretto by Rev.
aiARMADUKE E. BROWNE, by students of
the Royal College of Music, at the Savoy
Theatre, London, December 9, 1891.
Barber of Bath. (The). An operetta,
•words by H. B. Farnie {q.v.), music by J.
Offenbach {q.v.), performed at the Olympic
Theatre, London, on December 18, 1879.
Barber of Seville (The). (1) Under
this title, Beaumarchais' comedy, ' Le
Mariage de Figaro' (1775), was translated
into English by jNIrs. Griffiths, published in
1776, but not acted. Then came (2) COL-
man's adaptation from Beaumarchais, en-
titled 'The Spanish Barber' {q.v.), and
performed in 1777. This was revived at
Covent Garden in October, 1818— "with the
addition of one scene and many songs," says
Genest— under the title of (3) ' The Barber
of Seville : a comic opera in two acts,' wath
Liston as Fifjaro, Jones as Count Almaviva,
Fawcett as Br. Bartholo, Simmons as Argus,
Blanchard as Tallboy, Mrs. Dickson as
Iiosi7ia, and :Mrs. Sterling as Marcellina.
(4) 'The Barber of Seville' was the title
given to an opera— dialogue by Fawcett,
lyrics by Terry, and music by Mozart (from
' Le Nozze de Figaro ')— brought out at
Covent Garden in 1824, with Duruset as
Figaro, Jones a,s Almaviva, Fawcett as Bai-
th'olo, and Miss M. Tree as Eosina. (5)
Rossini's opera, ' Le Barbier de Seville,'
was performed at the Lyceum Theatre, Lon-
don, in 1824, with additions by Mozart,
Fioravanti, Dibdin, and Phillips, and Avith
Chapman as Figaro, Bartley as Bartholo, and
Phillips as Ahnaviva. See Marriage of
Figaro.
Barbers at Court. A play, performed
in America in 1837, with the Keeleys in the
leading parts ; at Niblo's, New York, in
June, "1843, with Burton as Hogsjlesh and
Walcot as Charles II.
Barbers of Bassora (The). A comic
opera in two acts, by J. Maudison Morton
{q.v.), first performed (with music by John
Huilah) at Covent Garden on November
11, 1837, with Leffler and H. Phillips as
Mustapha and Kadib, the barbers ; Miss
Shirrefi as Beda, and Bartley as Mahmoud.
Barclay, James M. Author of 'A
Lesson in Love,' comedy (1836).
Bardash. An effeminate footman in
Leigh's ' Kensington Gardens ' {q.v.).
Bardell v. Pick"wick. (1) A farcical
sketch in one act, founded by John
HoLLlNGSHEAD on the ti'ial in ' Pickwick,'
and first produced at the Gaiety Theatre,
London, on January 24, 1871. (2) An
operetta in two acts, words by T. H. Gem,
music by Frank Spinney, published at
Leamington in 1881. See Great Pickwick
Case and Pickwick Papers.
Bardolph, in 1 and 2 ' Henry IV,' and
' The Merry Wives of Windsor,' is a corporal
in Sir John Falstaff's company, and in
' Henry V.' is promoted to lieutenant.
Barefaced Impostors- A farce in one
act by "John Doe, Richard Roe, and John
Noakes, Esquires," first performed at the
Theatre Royal, Canterbury, on August 15,
1854.
Barefoot, Little- See Little Bare-
foot ; Mitchell, Maggie.
Barford, R. Author of 'The Virgin
Queen,' a tragedy (1728). See Pope's ' Epistle
to Dr. Arbuthnot,' lines 55, 56, et seq. Bar-
ford had displeased Pope by utilizing the
latter's " sylph" machinery in a poem called
' The Assembly.'
Barker, J. N. American dramatist ;
author of ' America,' a masque (1805), ' Tears
and Smiles' (1807), 'The Embargo' (1808),
' The Indian Princess ' (1808), ' Marmion '
(1812), ' The Armourer's Escape ' (1817),
' Superstition ' (1824), and ' How to Try a
Lover ' (not acted), all of which see. Ireland
characterizes Barker as "one of the earliest
and best of American authors " (' New York
Stage '). See Dunlap's ' American Theatre '
(1832).
Barkins, sen. and jun. (1) Cha-
racters in Blanchard Jerrold's 'Cool as
a Cucumber' {q.v.). (2) A Barkins, sew.,
and a Barkins, jun., figure also in W. W.
Hartopp'S 'Eclipsing the Son' {q.v.).
Barksted, William. Actor and poet
belonged, in the reign of James I., to the
company known as "children of the queen'f
revels." In 1G06 he appeared in Jonson'.'
' Epicene,' and in 1613 in Beaumont anc
Fletcher's 'Coxcomb' (1613). He was th(
author of poems called ' Mirrha ' (1607) anc
' Hiren ' (1611). See Henslowe's ' Diary,
Colliei''s ' r^Iemoirs of Actors in Shakespeare':
Plays ' (1846), and ' Dictionary of Nationa
Biography ' (1885).
Barlow. (1) The Rev. Wm. Barlow 1
' Vicar of Bray,' in Grundy and Solomon'
opera so named {q.v.). (2) The Barlows, h
H. J. Byron's ' Hundred Thousand Pounds
{q.v.), include Joe, his M'ife, and Alice.
Barmaid (The). A comedy in thre-
acts, by George Dance {q.v.), first peij
formed at the Comedy Theatre, Manchestei
on August 31, 1891. See NEW Barmaid.
Barmecide, The. A "dramatic re
mance " in three acts, by H. M. :Milner {q.v..
BARN BURNERS
111
BARNES
first performed at Drury Lane on November
3, 1818, with H. Kemble as Giafar, the hero,
H. Johnstone as Haroun Al liaschid, Mrs.
Orger as Zaida, Harley as Goodman, and
Bengough as Aboidcassern. The play was
performed in New York in 1819 and 1830.
Barn Burners (The). A play by W.
Leman REDECg.y.).
Barnaby Brittle; or, A "Wife at
her "Wits' End. A farce, adapted from
Betterton'S 'Amorous AVidow' {q.v.), with
suggestions from Mrs. Centlivre's ' Arti-
fice,' and from ' Greenwich Park ; ' first per-
formed at Covent Garden on April 18, 1781,
with Quick as Barnaby, Mrs. Mattocks as
MvR. Brittle, Edwin as Jeremy, and other
performers as Lovemore, Clodjjole, and Lady
Pride ; performed in America in 1797.
Barnahy Rudg-e. The story by Charles
Dickens has formed the basis of, and given
the title to, the following dramatic pieces : —
(1) A domestic drama in three acts, adapted
by C. Selby ((7.i'.)and C. Melville, and
first performed at the English Opera
House on Jvme 28, 1841, with Miss Fortes-
cue in the title part, Mrs. Selby as
Mrs. Rudye, Granby as Gabriel Varden,
Mrs. Granby as Mrs. Varden, Miss Fitz-
james as Dolly Varden, Robson as Geof-
frey Haredale, Selby as Chester, Searle as
Simon Tappertit, S. Smith as Black Hugh,
and Mrs. Harris as Mifjgs ; played at the
Chatham Theatre, New York, in September,
1841, with Mrs. C. Thorne in the title part,
C. Thorne as Black Hugh, Kirby as old
Budge, and INIrs. Blake as Mrs. Budge, (2)
Another version was produced at the
Adelphi in December, 1841, with Yates as
Chester and Miss Miggs, Mrs. Yates as Mrs.
Budge, i\Iiss Chaplin as Barnaby, Paul Bed-
ford as Gabriel, "O." Smith as Hugh, and
Edward Wright as Tappertit. (3) A play
in three acts, by Thomas Higgie (1856). (4)
A play by Watts Phillips (q.v.) and F.
ViNiNG (q. y.), first performed at the Princess's
Theatre, London, on November 1-2, 1866, with
Miss Katherine Rodgers in the title part,
Miss Augusta Thompson as Dolly Varden,
S. Calhaem as Tappertit, C. Horsman as
Black Htigh, J. G. iihoTesiS Sir John Chester,
Mrs. John Wood as Miss Miggs, etc. (5)
A drama in four acts, produced at the
Marylebone Theatre on November 4, 1870.
See also Dolly Varden.
Barnacle, Ben. The bo'sun in Ste-
phens and Solomon's 'Billee Taylor '(5. v.).
Barnard, John. Musical director and
composer, born 1812, died 1895 ; was, in
his time, orchestral conductor at Drury
Lane, the Lyceum, the Olympic, and other
London theatres, for which he wrote a good
deal, in the way of songs, dances, melodraine,
and so forth. Among other things, he
supplied music for stage productions of
'Macbeth,' ' Comus,' Byron's ' Manfred,' etc.
Barnardine. "A dissolute prisoner"
in 'Measure for Measure' {q.v.). Hazlitt
describes the character as " one of the finest
(and that's saying a bold word) iu all Shake-
speare. He is what he is by nature, not by
circumstance, ' careless, reckless, and fear-
less of past, present, and to come.' "
Barnardo and Fiamata. A piece
performed at the Rose Theatre on October
29, 1595. See Henslowe's ' Diary.'
Barnes, Betty. See Workman, Mrs.
Barnes, Charlotte. See Conner,Mrs.
Barnes, James, who died in 1838, was
" an admired pantaloon in Grimaldi's time"
(Dutton Cook).
Barnes, John. Actor, died 1841 ; made
his debut at tlie Haymarket in 1811 ; first
appeared in America in 1816, at the Park
Theatre, New York ; was manager for a
time of the Richmond Hill Theatre in that
city. " He was truly eminent," says Ireland,
"in such characters as Sir Anthony Absolute,
Sir Abel Handy, Lord Duberly, Cosey, etc. ;
and in Old Rapid, Brummagem, Delph, and
Nipperkin we have never seen his equal'
(' New York Stage.') Among his other parts
were Sir Peter Teazle and Lingo. See
Brown's ' American Stage.' See, also,
Barnes, Mrs. John.
Barnes, Mrs. John (Mary). Actress,
born in London, 1780, died at New York,
1864 ; made her debut at the Haymarket in
1811, and appeared at Drury Lane in 1815.
Her first appearance in America took place
in 1816, at the Park Theatre, New York (as
Juliet) ; her last, in 1851, at Philadelphia
(as Lady Randolph). "She excelled prin-
cipally," says Ireland, "in the youthful
heroines of ti'agedy, though few ladies have
given us high comedy with equal finish, and
no roguish boy was ever better personated
than by Mrs. Barnes. In melodrama and
pantomime her action was always gTaceful,
spirited, and correct " (' New York Stage ').
Among her characters wei'e JEvadne, Fenella,
Aladdin, and the dumb Savoyard. She was
the mother of Mrs. Conner (q.v.). See Brown's
♦ American Stage.
Barnes, J. H. Actor ; made his stage
debut at the Lyceum Theatre, London, iu
November, 1871, in 'The Bells' (q.v.).
He has since played the following original
i:)3,Yts:— Captain Leicis in Halliday's 'Lady
of the Lake' (1872), Gordon Lockhart in
Byron's ' Old Soldiers ' (1873), Geoffrey Gre-
vi'lle in Byron's 'American Lady' (1874),
Henri in Harvey's ' Mother ' (1879), Leonide
Noirmont in Simpson's 'ZiEah' (1S79),
Kiiig Rene in Wills's 'lolanthe' (1880),
Captain Crosstree in WUls's 'William and
Susan' (1880), Stephen Clinton in 'Pluck'
(1882), Richard Orchardson in Buchanan's
'Storm-Beaten' (1883), Rigaud in 'Antoi-
nette Rigaud' (1886), Phedaspes in Miss
Graves' ' Nitocris ' (1887), Michael Dennis
in Frith's 'Her Advocate' (lS95),Z>a7i Graham
in Jerome's 'Rise of Dick Halward' (1895),
and Professor Jogram in ' Rosemary ' (1896).
J. H. Barnes has furthered figured in London
as Chateau Renaud in ' The Corsican
Brothers' (1876), Sir Leicester Dedlock in
BARXETT
BARNEY ROURKE
♦Jo' (1876), the Duke in ' Lucrezia Borgia'
(1879), Captain FitzHardinge in ' The Iron
Chest' (1879), Peter Fletcher in Byron's
'Uncle' (1S79), Henry IV. (1879), Basmnio
in ' The Merchant of Venice ' (1S79), Frank
Troy in ' Far from the Madding Crowd '
(1882), Macduff in ' Macbeth ' (1SS2), Essex
in ' Ehzabeth ' (1SS2), Pygmalion in ' Pyg-
maMon and Galatea ' (1883), Ingomar (1883),
Claude Melnottein 'TheLady of Lyons'(lS34),
Macbeth (1SS6), Tom Cooper in ' Shadows of
a Great Citv' (1887), Nicolai Neigoff in
'Siberia' (1837), Brian Fitzgerald in 'The
Mysteries of a Hansom Cab' (1888), Pierre
Lorance in 'Proof (1889), Geoffrey Blount
\si ' A Convict's Wife ' (1S90). In the course
of 1874 he played "lead" at the Theatre
Royal, Edinburgh ; in 1875 he accompanied
Miss Xeilson to America, afterwards touring
in Canada ; in 1S78 he played Julian Beau-
clerc in 'Diplomacy' in the EngUsh pro-
vinces ; in 1886 he "created " at Birmingham
the part of Harry Oakley in 'By Land and
Sea ; ' and in ISSS he paid a second visit to
America.
Barnett, Alice. Actress and vocalist,
granddaughter of Henry Kemble iq.v.)',
began her stage career at the Prince of
AVales's Theatre, Liverpool, in April, 1879, as
Little Buttercup in 'H.M.S. Pinafore' (?. v.).
In November of the same year she went to
New York, where (at the Fifth Avenue
Theatre) she created for American audiences
the part of Ruth in ' The Pirates of Penzance '
(^.r.). In 1880 she returned to England, and
took up the role of Ruth at the Op^ra
Comique until the production of ' Patience'
(q.v.), in which she was the original Lady
Jane (ISSl). She was the first representative
of the Queen of the Fairies in 'lolanthe'
(1882), and of L>ame Courtlandt in Gilbert
and Carr's ' His Excellency ' (1894).
Barnett, Benjamin. Actor; brother
of Morris Barnett I'j.v-) ; was playing at the
Lyceum Theatre, London, circa 1855.
Barnett, C. Z. Dramatic writer; author
or hbrettist of the following pieces :— ' The
Phantom Bride ' (1830), ' The Youthful Days
of AVilliam IV.' (1831), 'Dominique' (1831),
' Victorine ' (1831), ' The Dream of Fate ' (1838),
'Oliver Twist' (adapted, 1S3S), 'Farinelli'
(1839), ' The Loss of the Roval George ' (1840),
'The Bohemians of Paris' (1843), 'The
Christmas Carol' (adapted, 1844), ' Don Cfesar
de Bazan ' (1844), ' La Polka ' (1844), ' Mid-
night' (1845), 'Mrs. Caudle' (1845), 'The
Minute Gun at Sea' (1845); also, 'The
Bravo,' ' The Bell-ringer of Notre Dame,'
' Bier Kroeg,' ' The Banks of Allan Water,'
'Csesar Borgia,' 'The Coroner's Inquest,'
'The Catteran's Son,' 'Claude Lorraine,'
* Fair Rosamond,' ' Hugh the Gypsey,'
* Linda,' ' Mariette Duval,' ' The Mariner's
Dream,' ' The Pearl of Savoy,' ' Quasimodo,'
-* The Rise of the Rothschilds,' ' Swing,'
'The Skeleton Hand,' 'Stella Rittersdorf,'
'Titus Caesar,' 'The Vow of Silence.'
Barnett, Jolin. Musical composer,
born July, 1S02 ; was the son of Bernhard
Beer, a Prussian, who, settling in England,
took the name of Barnett Barnett. John
Barnett sang, as a boy, at the Lyceum under
S. J. Arnold, and, having studied under C.
E. Horn ('^.r.), began to write for the stage
in 1825, when Peake's 'Before Breakfast'
(q.v.), for which he had provided music, was
brought out at the above-named theatre.
After this came his share in ' Charles XII,'
(1828), ' The Carnival of Naples ' (1830), ' The
Pet of the Petticoats' (1831), 'Olympic
Revels ' (1831), and other pieces. In 1S32 he-i
was made orchestral director of the Olympic i
Theatre, under Madame Vestris, and, "while
there, furnished music for many of hen
productions. His more important works for
the theatre include ' The Mountain Sylph ''
(1834), 'Fair Rosamond' (1837), and 'Fari-
nelli' (1838), all of which see. His minor
productions include the music written for
' Blanche of Jersey ' (1S37), ' Country Quar-
ters,' ' Court of Queen's Bench,' ' The Deuce
is in her,' ' Married Lovers,' ' Monsieur
Mallet,' ' The Paphian Bower,' ' The Pictu-
resque,' ' Robert the DevU,' ' The Soldier'!
Widow,' 'Two Seconds."
Barnett, John Francis. Musical
composer, nephew of J. Barnett, born 1838 ;
author, among many works for the
orchestra, of an overture to ' The Winter's
Tale'(lS73).
Barnett, Morris. Actor, dramatist
and musical critic, born 1800, died ai
Montreal, Canada, March IS, 1856 ; mad*
his debut as an actor at Brighton ; in 183*
he played at Drury Lane, appearing as Ton
Drops in Douglas Jerrold's 'Schoolfellows
(q.v.) ; in 1837 he was at the St. James'
playing Monsieur Jacques in his own piece
in 1842 he was again at Drury Lane ; in 184
he figixred at the Princess's in the title cha
racter of 'The Old Guard' {q.v.); and ii
September, 1854, before going to Ameri
he gave some farewell performances a
the Adelphi. He wrote the followii
pieces for the stage :—' Tact' (1830), 'Tt
Yellow Kids' (1835), 'The Spirit (
the Rhine' (1835), 'Monsieur Jacquei
(1836), 'Power and Principle' (adapt
1850), ' Lilian Gervais ' (adapted, 1853
' The Married Unmarried' (1854) ; also, ' Tl
Bold Dragoons,' ' BoiTowed Feathers,' ' Ci
cumstantial Evidence,' ' The King and
Croney,' ' Mrs. G. of the Golden Pippit
' Richard Turpin and Tom King,' ' Suppei
Over,' 'Sai"ah the Creole' (' Sarah Blangi'
' The Serious Familv,' ' The Yankee Pedler
with B. Barnett, ' Out on the Loose ' (185
and, with C. J. Mathews, ' Serve him Righ
(1850). G. A. Sala describes him as
remarkably clever man— a Hebrew of tt
Hebrews, with a pronounced musical facul
and extraordinary powers of mimicry
(' Life and Adventures ').
Barney Brallag-lian. A play pt
formed at the Park Theatre, New York,
January, 1831, with Master Burke as tl
hero, Placide as Weatherproof, Mrs. Walla
as Judy O'Callaghan.
Barney Rourke. A play perfonned ;
BARNEY THE BARON
113
BARRETT
the Olympic Theatre, New York, March,
1841.
Barney the Baron. A farce, played
at the National Theatre, New York, in Sep-
tember, 1850, under the first title of ' For-
tune's Whims,' with B. Williams as Barney
O'Toole.
Barnum, Phineas T. Tlieatrical
manager and general entrepreneur ; born at
Danbury, Connecticut, July, 1810 ; was lessee
successively of Niblo's Garden (1835), Vaux-
hall Garden (1840-1), Lyceum and Museum,
Philadelphia (1849), Winter Garden Theatre,
New York (after 1865), etc. It was under
his auspices that the Bateman children (q.v.)
appeared in London in 1851. See his Auto-
biography (1889).
Barnum's Museum. See New York
Theatres.
Barnwell, Georg-e. See George
Barnwell.
Baron (The). A comedy " from Celenio "
by Fannv Holcroft; printed iu 'The
Theatrical Recorder ' (q.v.).
Baron, Robert. Dramatic writer, born,
according to Langbaine, in 1630 ; author of
' Mirza,' a tragedy (q.v.). Winstanley, in his
'Lives of the English Poets,' also ascribes
to him 'Don Quixote; or. The Knight of
the Ill-favoured Countenance,' 'The De-
struction of Jerusalem,' ' Deorum Dona,'
'Gi'ipus and Ilegio,' and other dramatic
ftieces. See Langbaine, Winstanley, Phil-
ips's 'Theatruni J'oetaruni,' ' Biographica
Dramatica' (1812), Ilalliwell Phillips's 'Dic-
tionary of Old Plays ' (1860), ' Dictionary of
National Biography ' (1885).
Baron Golosh. An opera-bouffe in
two acts, adapted from IVLaurice Ordonneau
and Edmond Audran's ' LOncle Celestin,'
with additional numbers by Meyer Lutz ;
first performed at the Star Theatre, Swansea,
April 15, 1895, and produced at the Trafalgar
Square Theatre, London, on April 25, 1895,
with E. J. Lonnen in the title part, and
other characters by Harry Paulton, Scott
Russell, Frank Wyatt, Miss Florence Perry,
Miss Sylvia Grey, and Miss M. A. Victor,
Baron Kinkvervankotsdorspra-
king-atchdern. A musical comedy in
three acts, founded by Miles Peter An-
drews (q.v.) on a novel by Lady Craven, and
first acted at the Haymarket on July 9, 1781,
with Digges as the 'Baron, Edwin as Pan-
gloss, and Palmer, Wewitzer, Baddeley, and
Mrs. Webb in other parts. Van Bote r ham,
a tradesman, proposes that his son Franzcl
shall marry the Baron's daughter Cecil.
The Baron indignantly refuses, and locks
his daughter up ; but Cec(7, who loves Franzcl,
escapes from durance, and the couple are
secretly married by Pangloss, the curate,
whom the Baron has turned out of doors,
and who thus repays the insult.
Baron Rudolph- A serio-comic drama
infour acta, byBRONSON Howard (q.v.), first
performed at the Theatre Royal, Hull,
August, 1881 ; produced at Fourteenth
Street Theatre, New York, in 1887.
Baron's Wagrer (The). A play in one
act, by Sir Charles Young (q.v.), first
performed at Scarborough, February 7,
1881, by the author and Lady Monckton;
performed at New York in January, 1887.
Baroness (The). (1) A play by T. B.
de Walden (q.v.), performed at the Fifth
Avenue Theatre, New York, in 1872. (2) A
comic opera in three acts, written and
composed by Cotsford Dick, Royalty
Theatre, London, October 5, 1892.
Baronet (The). A comedy drama by
E. Howard Vincent, first performed at the
Theatre Royal, Bury, on July 3, 1885.
Baronet Abroad (The) and the
Rustic Prima Donna. A musical
drama in one act, by F. J. Hornr, first
performed at the St. James's Tlieatre,
London, on November 9, 1864, with F. Mat-
tliews as Sir Fitful Green, the baronet, and
INIiss Constant Roden as Susette, the prima
donna.
Barrack-Room (The). A comedietta
by Thomas Haynes Bayly (q.v.), first played
in America at the Park Theatre, New York,
in 1836, with Miss E. Tree as Clarisse. Mrs.
;Maeder played Clarisse in New York in
1840.
Barresford, Mrs. (nde Wilford)..
Actress, known for some years as Mrs.
Bulkeley ; died at Dumfries, 1792 ; performed
at Covent Garden between 1764 and 1780;
went to the Haymarket in 1782, thence to>
Drury Lane in 1782-84, returning to the Hay-
market in the last-named year. She lefi.
London in 1789, and acted in Edinburgh till
1791. She created, among other parts, those-
of Mrs. Richland in 'The Good-natured
Man,' Charlotte in ' Man and Wife ' (1769-70),
Emily in ' Cross Purposes,' Miss Hardcastle
in ' She Stoops to Conquer,' Julia in ' The
Rivals,' and Letty in ' Tit for Tat.' Among
her other roles were Cordelia, Portia (' Mer-
chant of Venice '), Rosalind, Beatrice, Viola,.
Dame Kitely, Itnogen, Mrs. Ford, Mrs. Page,
Mrs. Oakley ('The Jealous Wife'), Lady-
Toivnley ('The Provoked Husband'), Lady
Betty Modish ('The Careless Husband'),
and Hypolita (' She Would and She Would
Not').
Barrett, Georg-e Edward. Actor,
brother of Wilson Barrett (q.v.); born
December, 1849, died 1894 ; made his debut
at the Theatre Royal, Durham, in 1866,
in 'The Woman in Red,' and had acted
in many provincial towns before, in 1872,
he made his first appearance in London.
This took place at the St. James's Theatre
in the roles of Dr. Brown in Robertson's
'Progress' (q.v.), and of Navet in the comic
opera, ' Vert Vert' (ij.i'.). He afterwards
made successes a.fi Bullock in 'East Lynne'
(g.i'.)and the G7iost in a travesty of ' Hamlet*
(q.v.). After a visit to India, ^vhere he sup-
ported C. J. Mathews, he came back to
BARRETT
114
BARRETT
London, where he appeared at the Criterion,
the Folly, and the Globe. He was in the
origninal casts of Matthison's ' Mary's Secret '
(1876) and Reece's 'The Lion's Tail' (1877).
Under his brother's management at the
Princess's he created the following parts :—
Jarvis in ' The Lights o' London ' (1S81), Boss
Knivett in ' The Romany Rye' (1SS2), Daniel
Jaikes in 'The Silver King' (1882), Belos in
•Claudian' (1883), Kat Boaden in Jones's
'Chatterton' (1881), Boh Atkins in 'The
Colour Sergeant' (1884), Ben Chibbles in
' Hoodman Blind' (1885), Tribulation Tizack
in 'The Lord HaiTy' (1SS6), and Dick Vim-
pany in 'The Noble Vagabond' (18SC),
Among other parts created by him in Lon-
don s,re— George in ' Christina ' (1SS7), the
title role in ' The Alderman ' (1887), Pcngclly
in ' The Golden Band' (1887), Samuel Peckaby
in ' The Golden Ladder ' (1887), Davy in ' Ben
My Chree' (1888). ColdbathJoe in ' Good Old
Times ' (1889), Dick Darling in ' Nowadays '
(1889), Gabriel in ' The People's Idol ' (1S90),
Flip-Flapin ' The Acrobat ' (1891), Bob Tran-
ter in ' Fate and Fortune ' (1891), and Doidas
in ' The Wedding Eve ' (1892). He played the
First Gravedigger in 'Hamlet' at the Prin-
cess's in 1884, Colonel Da mas in 'The Lady
of Lyons ' at the Globe in 1888, Peter in ' The
Stranger' at the Olympic in 1891, Grinnidge
in 'Miami' {q.v.) at the Princess's in 1891,
and Don Whiskerandos at the Haymarket in
1892. In the later seventies, he appeared in
the English provinces as Brisket in ' Pink
Domino's ,' and the Bailie in ' Les Cloches de
Corneville ' Iq.v.). He was one of the repre-
sentatives of Sir Joseph Trent in ' The Book-
maker ' {.q.v). In 1886 he played in America
as a member of his brother's company.
Barrett, George H. Actor, son of
Giles L. Barrett {q.v.); born at Exeter,
1794 ; died at New York, ISGO ; appeared
at the Park Theatre, New York, in
1806, as Young Xorval, and at the same
theatre, in 1S22, as Belcour in 'The West
Indian ; ' was married to Mrs. Henry in 1825 ;
was assistant stage manager of the Bowery
Theatre in 1S2S ; played at Burton's Theatre
in 1854-5 ; and bade farewell to the stage
at New York in the latter year. He was
the father of Georgina and Mary Barrett,
and was familiarly known as " Gentleman
George." Ireland (' New York Stage') de-
scribes him as "an intellectual and dis-
■criminating actor." Among his best parts
-were Sir Andrevj Aguecheek, Flute ('Mid-
summer Night's Dream') and Bobadil.
Barrett, IVErs. Georgre (Mrs. Henry).
Actress, born at Philadelphia, ISOl ; died at
Boston, 1853 ; first appeared on the stage in
1813, at Boston, U.S.A., as a dancer ; married
W. C. Drummond in 1817 ; made her New
York debut in 1824 as Letitia Hardy;
married George H. Barrett in 1825 ; last ap-
peared at New York in 1850 and at Boston
in 1853. Among her parts were Mrs. Oakley
('The Jealous Mife'), Lady Teazle, Lady Gay
Spanker, and Clara Douglas (' Money '). " In
the lines of gay, graceful, and refined
comedv she has been seldom equalled"
(Ireland, ' New York Stage ').
Barrett, Giles Leonard, actor, after
{)erforming in the English provinces, made
lis first appearance in America at Boston, in
1796, as -Ra nger in ' The Suspicious Husband ' ■
{q.v.). He made his debut in New York (as
Don Felix in ' The Wonder') in 1797, acting
there as late as 1803. He died in 1809. He
was the father of George H. Barrett {q.v.). See
Ireland's 'New York Stage' and Brown's
' American Stage,' Bernard's ' Recollec-
tions ' and Dunlap's ' American Theatre.'
Barrett, Mrs. Giles Leonard,
actress, was a pupil of :^Lacklin {q.v.), and
made her d^but in London as Portia. She
was known in England as ]Mrs. Rivers. She
first appeared in America at Boston, in 1797:
as Mrs. Beverley in 'The Gamester' {q.v.),
and played at New York theatres in 1798.:
1821, and 1826. She died in 1832. Ireland ^
(' New York Stage ') calls her " a skilful anc,
accomplished actress." See, also. Brown'.';
' American Stage ' (1870). i
Barrett, Laurence [Larry Branniganji
Actor, born, according to one authority, ijl
1832 ; according to another, in 1836 (at NeT^
York), and, according to a third, in 1S3S (aj.
Paterson, New Jersey, U.S.A.) ; made hi!
professional debut at Detroit, ]NIichigan, i:i
1853. Thence he went to Pittsburg, St.' Loui.':
Chicago, etc. ; and at last, in 1856, to Nc
York, where he made his first appearance a
Sir Thomas Clifford in ' The Hunchback
In February, 1857, he began an engagemei
at the ISIetropolitan Theatre, where he w;
seen in such parts as Florizel in ' A Winter
Tale"' and Fagin in ' Oliver Twist.' In tl
autumn of 1858 he went to the Bostr
Museum, opening as Frederick Braral
in 'The Poor Gentleman,' and remainii
there two years, after which he migrated
the Howard Athenreum in the same cit
Next came engagements at Philadelphi
Washington, and New York, at the la.-
named of which he figured as lago. I
then became co-manager of the Varietif
New Orleans, where he revived ' Rosedal
{q.v.), playing the chief character. Duri
a season' at" San Franci.sco, in 1867-8,
appeared as Hamlet. In 1868 he visited Ei
land, and acted for six nights at Liverj^f
as Hamlet, Richard III., and Claude M
notte. In January, 1869, he became, foi
time, co-manager with John ]\IcCullogh .,
the California Theatre, San Francisco.
1870 he appeared as an actor at Nibll
Garden and Booth's Theatre, New Yof
At the last-named house he played Leon\
in ' The Winter's Tale,' and was the fi|
representative in America of James HaS
bell in 'The Man o' Airlie' {q.v.). ]J
twelve months he directed the Varietal
Theatre, New Orleans (1S71-2). In 187
he appeared at Booth's Theatre, New Yc ,
as Cassias in ' Julius Ca?sar ' — a performa. )
which he repeated at the same theatre i
1875. To 1876 belongs his appearance i
New York as Kiiig Lear, which wasfollo\ I
bv his Dan'l Druce (the first in America i
1877. In 1878 he "created" at New Y :
the title'part in HowelLs's 'Yorick's Lc '
{q.v.), and in 1881 that of Rin^ Arthuii
BARRETT
BARRICADE
Young's 'Pendragon' (q.v.). In 1882 he
played Lanclotto in Boker's ' Francesca da
Rimini' at the Chestnut Street Theatre,
Philadelphia, reviving the piece next year at
the Star Theatre, New York. A professional
visit to London in 1884 presented him, at
the Lyceum, as Yorick (April 12) and as
Richelieu (April 28). At New York in 1887
he played Rienzi in Miss Mitford's tragedy.
He died on March 20, 1891. For biography,
see 'Actors and Actresses of New York'
(1886), and for criticism, William Winter's
'Shadows of the Stage' (second series).
"Laurence Barrett," .says Winter, "was
always conspicuously fine in the felicity
with which he grasped his author's ideal,
and the fidelity with which he conveyed it.
■ . . . No figures have stood upon the stage
that are more sharply individualized, more
distinct, more formidable, more readily re-
membered than those of Cassius, Harebell,
• Yorick, Lanciotto, and King James V. of
Scotland, as presented by Laurence Barrett.
. . . He saw them comprehensively ; he in-
vested himself with their distinct personali-
ties ; he made them actual men, while at
the same time he sustained the element of
charm in them by poetry of treatment in the
expression of their characters. To that
group he added, in the same lofty spirit,
and with the same fine skill, the figure of
Ganelon."
Barrett, "W. A. Musical critic ; author
of the Ubretto of ' Moro ' (q.v.) (1SS2) ; also of
a ' Life of Michael William Balfe ' (1882).
Barrett, "Wilson. Actor, playwright,
and theatrical manager ; maile his debut
as an actor at Halifax in 1864, appearing
afterwards at Leeds, Liverpool, Notting-
, ham, Aberdeen, and other provincial centres.
Having married Miss Caroline llea.ih.{q.v.),
he toured with her for some years in
:'East Lynne' and other pieces. His first
I appearance in London was at the Surrey
Theatre as Tom Jiobinson in 'It is Never
too Late to Mend.' His first experience of
(theatrical management was at Halifax. In
1874 he became lessee and manager of the
Amphitheatre, Leeds, where he produced
Wills's 'Jane Shore' (q.v.), plaving Henry
Shore himself. In 1877 he assumed the
direction of the Theatre Royal, Hull, and in
the following year the control of the Grand
Theatre, Leeds, which he opened on Novem-
ber 18 with ' Much Ado about Nothing,' in
which he \>\a.yed Benedick. September, 1879,
saw him lessee and manager of the Court
Theatre, London, where he began vdth an
adaptation of Sardou's 'Fernande,' in which
he represented Pomerol. Here, too, he
figured as the first representative of Be
Courcij in H. J. Byron's ' Courtship' (1879),
|as Mercutio in ' Romeo and Juliet ' (1881),
.and as the original Friar John in Wills's
. Juana' (1881). In June, 1881, Wilson Bar-
rett, having left the Court, undertook the
.management of the Princess's, London,
?v-hich he retained for five years. Here
f IP® appeared first as Henri de Sartorys
■ J" *^rou-Frou' (1881) and John Straiten in
> 1 ihe Old Love and the New ' (1881). Then
came a succession of original roles— Harold
Armytaqe in 'The Lights o' London' (1881),
Jack Hearne in ' The Romany Rye ' (1882),
Wilfrid Denver in ' The Silver King ' (1882)',
Claudian in the drama so named (1883), and
Chatterton in the one-act play so named (1884).
Next came a revival of ' Hamlet,' with him-
self in the title part (October, 1884) ; after
which came some further " creations "—
Lucius Junius in Lord Lytton's 'Junius'
(1885), Jack Yeulett in ' Hoodman Blind '
(1885), Lord Harry Bendish in 'The Lord
Harry ' (1886), and Clito in the play so named
(1886). Barrett's next London management
was at the Globe Theatre, where he ap-
peared in 1887 as the original Frank Thorn-
hill in ' The Golden Ladder,' and in 1SS8 as
Claude Melnotte. In May, 1SS8, he began a
second occupancy and direction of the Prin-
cess's Theatre, producing 'Ben My Chree,'
with himself as Dan (1888), ' The Good Old
Times,' with himself as John Langley (1889),
and ' Nowadays,' with himself as John Sex-
ton (1889). In December, 1890, he became
lessee and director of the Olympic Theatre,
opening- it with 'The People's Idol' (q.v.),
in which he was the original Laurence St.
Aubrey. Here, in 1891, he played the name-
part in 'The Stranger,' and two original
rdles— the name-part in ' Father Buonaparte '
(q.v.), Louis Belphegor in 'The Acrobat'
(q.v), and also the Miser in S. W. Mitchell's
one-act drama so named (q.v.). During sub-
sequent provincial tours he played, in" 1891,
Othello ; in 1892, the name-part in ' Pharaoh'
(q.v.) ; and in 1894, Pete in 'The Manxman'
(qv.). While in America, in 1895, he pro-
duced ' The Sign of the Cross,' in which he
was the original Marcus Sujierbus—a, role
first played by him in London in 1896.
Wilson Barrett is the author of the follow-
ing drauiatic pieces (some of them named
above) : — ' Twilight ' (1871), ' Nowadavs '
(1889), 'The Acrobat' (1891), 'Jenny the
Barber' (1891), 'Pharaoh' (1892), 'The
Manxman ' (1894). 'The Sign of the Cross'
(1895), 'The Christian King,' in which he
"created" the rdle of King Alfred (1902),
'In the Middle of June,' in which he also
appeared (1903), 'The Never Never Land'
(1!»04), etc. He is also part-author, Avitli
Clement Scott, of ' Sister Mary '(1886) ; with
H. A. Jones, of ' Hoodman Blind ' (1885) and
•The Lord Harry' (1886); with Sydney
Grundy, of 'Clito' (1886) ; with G. R. Sims,
of ' The Golden Ladder ' (1887) ; with Hall
Caine, of 'Ben My Chree ' (1888) and 'The
Good Old Times ' (1889) ; with Victor Wid-
nell, of 'The People's Idol' (1890); and
with C. Hannan, of ' Our Pleasant Sins '
(1893).
Barricade (The). A drama in a pro-
logue and four acts, by Clarance Holt
(q.v.), founded on Victor Hugo's ' Les Miser-
ables' (q.v.) ; first performed at Croydon in
October, 1869 ; first produced in London
on September 7, 1878, at the Duke's Theatre,
with the author as Valjean, Mrs. Digby
Willoughby as Fantine (and Cosette), and
Miss May Holt as Eponine. See Yellow
Passport and Valjean.
BARRIE
116
BARRY
Barrie, James Mattliew. Dramatic
and mi.see]laneous ^vriter, born 1S60 ; author
of the following plavs : — 'Ibsen's Ghost'
(1891), • Walker, London ' (1^92), ' The Pro-
fessor's Love-Story' (1S92), 'Becky .Sharp,'
an adaptation (1S93), 'The Little Minister'
(1S97), ' The Wedding Guest ' (19(X)), ' Quality
Street' (1902), 'The Admirable Crichton'
(1902), and ' Little Mary ' (1903) ; also part-
author, with H. B. Marriott-Watson, of
' Richard Savage ' (1S91), and, with A. Conan
Doyle, of ' Jane Annie ' (1593).
Barring-ton Rutland [George Rut-
land Barrington Fleet]. Actor, vocalist, dra-
matic writer, and theatrical manager, born
1S53 ; made his professional debut on Sep-
tember 1, 1&74, at the Olympic Theatre,
London, as Sir George Bardaji in 'Lady
Clancarty ' (g.r.). In 1875-7 he took part in
entertainments given in London by Miss
Emily Faithf ull and in the English provinces
by Mrs. Howard Paul. Thence he went to
the Opera Comique, where he was the first
representative of Dr. Daly in ' The Sorcerer'
(1877), Captain Corcoran in 'H.M.S. Pina-
fore' (1S7S), the Serjeant of Police in 'The
Pirates of Penzance' (ISSO), and Grosvenor
in 'Patience' (ISSI) ; thence, again, to the
Savoy Theatre, where he was the original
jEarl of Mountararat in 'lolanthe' (1*S2),
Kino Hildehrand .in 'Princess Ida' (1SS4),
Pooh-Bah in ' The Mikado ' (1SS5), and Sir
Despard Murgatroyd in ' Ruddigore ' (1SS7).
In 1885 he had "created" the part of Dr.
Dozey in 'The Silver Shield' {q.v.). He
was the judge in ' Trial by Jury ' at the
Lyceum in 1887, Chrysosin '"Pygmalion and
Galatea ' at the same theatre' in 1^88. In
the last-named year he played Mr. Barnes
in 'To the Death' {q.v.) at the Olympic.
In 1SS8, also, he became lessee of the
St. James's Theatre, where he produced,
in October, 'The Dean's Daughter' {q.v.\
in which he played the Dean ; and in
November, ' Brantinghame Hall' {q.v.) by
W. S. Gilbert, in which he represented Mr.
Thursby. After this he was in the cast of
'Merry Margate ' {q.v.) and ' Penelope ' (g v.)
at the Comedy (1889). Then came the fol-
lowing original parts — Admiral Brabazon in
' The Inheritance' {q.v.), Colonel Percival in
'A Chance Interview' {q-v.), and Admiral
Vincent in 'Faithful James' {q.v.) — all in
1889, to which year belongs also his Christo-
pher in 'Locked In' {q.v.). In 1SS9 he re-
turned to the Savoy to "create" Guiseppe
Palmieri in ' The Gondoliers,' the Rajah in
'The^2iVitchGivV {liQl), Sir James Hanbury
in ' Bartonmere Towers ' {q-v.) (1892), and
to play the Fi-ev. W. Barlow in the revived
' Vicar of Bray ' {q.v.) (1892). Later original
parts there were his Rupert Vernon in
♦ Haddon Hall ' (1892), his Proctor in ' Jane
Annie ' (1S93), his King Paramount in ' Uto-
pia Limited ' (1893), and his Ludu-ig in ' The
Grand Duke ' (1896). He was in the original
casts of ' A Greek Slave' (1^98), '.San Toy'
(1899\ ' A Country Girl ' (1902), ' The Cinga-
lee' (1904). He is the author of two plays
named above— 'To the Death' {q.v.), and
'Bartonmere Towers' {q.t.)\ he has also
written the "book" of ' A Knight Errant"
(1894) of ' Water Babies ' (1902), and of some
other small musical pieces.
Barring-tons (The). A drama in four
acts, by A. J. Adair Fitzgerald and J. H.
Merri FIELD, Novelty Theatre, London,
March 6, 1SS4.
Barrister (The). (1) A play in two
acts, adapted from the ' Gabrielle ' of Augier
('7.1'), and first performed at the Surrey
Theatre, London, on March 1, 1852, with
Creswick as Claremont (the barrister), and
H. Widdicomb as Yellaboy (a lawyer). The
piece was revived at the Princess's on
November 30, 1859, under the title of ' Home
Truths,' with G. Melville as Claremont^'
J. G. Shore as Maitland, F. Matthews as
Yellaboy, Mrs. C. Young as Mrs. Clarenumt,
and Miss C. Leclercq as Mrs. Yellaboy. When
the original play was produced in Paris,'
Regnier played the title part and Samson,
the lawyer. The adaptation has beer
printed under the name of ' Good for Evil..
(2) A comedy in three acts, by J. H
Darnlev and G. Ma.nville Fenn ; firs
performed at the Grand Theatre, Leeds;
-March 19, 1887; first time in London ai
Comedy Theatre, September 6, 1887, witlj
J. H. Darnley in the title part {Arthv
Maxacll), and other roles by Walter Everarr
F. Mervin, Miss H. Leyton, Miss A. Verit>
Miss S. Vaughan, etc. ; played in Americ
in the same year ; revived at the Royalt
Theatre, London, in May, 1890.
Barron,Cliarles. See Moral Crime, i*
Barrow, Mrs. See Bennett, Julia.
Barry, Elizabeth. Actress, born 165
died 1713 ; is said to have been thedaughti
of a barrister (afterwards known as Colon
Barry), and to have been at one tin
under the care of Lady Davenant. Antoi
Aston says that, when the Earl of Rochest
secured her appearance on the stag
she was "woman" to Lady Shelton
Norfolk. Certain it is that her deb
was made at Dorset Garden about 1673,
Queen of Hungary in ' Mustapha,' and th
at first she was by no means a success. " S
was, at the end of the first year, discharj
the company, among others that wt
thought to be a useless expense to i
However, she appeared again in 1675, a
thence continuously till 1652, when s
figured at the Theatre Royal. With tl
establishment she was associated till 16
when she made her entrre at Lincoln's I
Fields. In 1705 she went to the Haymark
going to Drury Lane in 1708, and return
to the HaymaVket in 1709-10. In the lat
year she withdrew from the .stage. It w-o .
seem that she was the first distingiiisl -
English performer for whose benefit a j •
formance was given. She was the raisti J
not only of Rochester but of Sir Geo J
Etherege, and her moral character genen/
is described as of the worst. Among V
original roles (which were very numen )
were Monimia in 'The Orphan,' B'lvio i
in ' Venice Preserved,' Alcuicna in "Amj -
BARRY
117
BARRY
tryon,' Casnandra in ' Cleomenes,'. Lady
Toitchwoud in ' The Double Dealer,' Zara
in 'The Mourning Bride,' Isabella in 'The
Fatal Marriage,' Lady Brute in 'The Pro-
voked Wife,' Arpasia in ' Tamerlane,'
Altemira in the tragedy so named, Calista
in 'The Fair Penitent,' Clarissa in 'The
Confederacy,' Phcedra in the tragedy so
named, and Rodogime in ' The Royal Convert.'
Among her other parts were Mrs. Page,
Queen Katherine (' Henry VIII.'), Lady Mac-
beth, Cordelia (in Tate's 'Lear'), Panthea
('King and No King'), Evadne ('Maid's
Tragedy '), Cleopatra (' All for Love '), Iloxana
('Alexander the Great'), Mrs. Frail (' Love
for Love ') and Lady Easy (• The Careless
Husband'). "With all her enchantment,"
writes Antony Aston, "this fine creature
was not handsome ; her mouth opening
most on the right side, which she strove to
draw the other way; and at times com-
posing her face as if to have her picture
drawn. She was middle-sized, had darkish
hair, light eyes, and was indifferent plump.
She had a manner of drawing out her words,
which suited her. ... In tragedy she was
solemn and august ; in comedy alert, easy,
and genteel ; pleasant in her face and action,
filling the stage witli a variety of gesture."
" In characters of greatness," says Gibber,
" she had a presence of elevated dignity ;
her mien and motion superb and gracefully
majestic ; her voice full, clear, and strong,
•so that no violence of passion could be too
much for her ; and when distress or tender-
■ness possessed her, she subsided into the
most affecting melody and softness. In the
art of exciting pity she had a power beyond
all the actresses I have yet seen." Dryden,
in one of his prefaces, speaks of Mrs. Barry
as ''always excellent." See Gildon's ' Com-
parison between the Two Stages' (1702),
Curll's ' History of the Stage ' (1741),
Aston's Supplement to T. Gibber's 'Lives
of Actors and Actresses ' (1753), C. Gibber's
' Apology ' (1740), Davies' ' Dramatic Miscel-
lanies' (1784), C. Dibdin's 'History' (1800),
Genest's ' English Stage ' (1832).
Barry, Helen. Actress, born in Kent ;
made her debut at Co vent Garden Theatre
in August, 1872, as the Princess Fortinbrasse
in 'Babil and Bijou' {q.v.). Since then
she has been the first representative of
the folloAving roles :— Queen Selene in 'The
Happy Land ' (1873), Edith Dombey in Halli-
day's ' Heart's Delight ' (1873), the Countess
Armando in Boucicault's 'Led Astray'
(1874), Aouda in 'Round the World in
Eighty Days' (1875), Constance in Morti-
mer's ', Heartsease' (1875), Mrs. Clarkson
in 'L'Etrangere' (1876), Diana Carmen in
Marston's ' True till Death ' (1876), Ethel in
'Ethel's Revenge' (1876), Mrs. Buster in
Boucicault's ' Forbidden Fruit ' (1880), Mabel
Huntinyford in 'The World' (ISSO), Mrs.
Mandeville in 'A Woman of the World'
(1886), Catherine Marston in 'Her Trustee'
(1887), and Clara in 'Held Asunder' (1888).
She has also appeared in London as Lady
Clancarty, the Countess in 'The Two Or-
phans' (1878), Lady Helen in 'Twine the
Plaiden' (1878), Eve de Malvoisie in
' \ outh ' (ISSI), the Corintess D'Autreval
in ' The Ladies' Battle ' (1888), Madge Oli-
phant in ' After ' (1888), and Rachel in ' The
Esmondes of Virginia' (1888). She was the
first representative of Margaret in Taylor's
'Arkwright's Wife' (Leeds, 1873), and of
Eleanor in ' Caryswold ' (Liverpool, 1877).
Helen Barry's first visit to the United States
was paid in May, 1883, when she appeared
at the Union Square Theatre, New York, as
Margaret in ' Arkwright's Wife.' In April,
1884, she "created" at the Union Square
Theatre, New York, the role of the heroine
of 'The Fatal Letter' {q.v.). Her repertory
includes, further. Lady Macbeth, Katherine
('Taming of the Shrew'), Lady Teazle,
Lydia Languish, Lady Gay Spanker, Su-
zanne ('A Scrap of Paper'), Lady Isabel
('East Lynne), and Mrs. Sutherland ('A
Lesson in Love '). She is part-author with
Gus Thomas of * A Night's Frolic ' {q.v.).
Barry, liudovrick. Dramatic writer ;
" of ancient and honourable family in Ire-
land ; " author of ' Ram Alley ; or. Merry
Tricks ' (q.v.), a comedy first printed in 1611.
See Wood's ' Athenaj Oxonienses ' (1813-20),
Langbaine's ' Dramatic Poets ' (1691), Whin-
cop's ' List of English Dramatic Poets '
(1747), the 'Biographia Dramatica' (1812),
Genest's ' English Stage ' (1832).
Barry, Shiel. Actor, born in County
Kildare, Ireland ; made his debut in Aus-
tralia in 1859. After C(msiderable expe-
rience there and in the English provinces,
he made his first bow to a London audience
at the Princess's Theatre in September,
1870, as the Doctor in Boucicault's ' Rap-
paree' (q.v.) and Paddy Miuyhy in 'The
Happy Man' (q.v.). These were followed
by appearances in ' Peep o' Day ' (Barney
O'Toole), ' Arrah-na-Pogue ' (Michael Feeney).
•The Colleen Bawn,' and other dramas of
Irish life and character, in which he sub-
sequently appeared in the United States,
Canada, and the West Indies. Returning
to England in 1875, he was the first repre-
sentative in London of Harvey Duff in ' The
Shaughraun' (q.v.). Then came, in 1878,
his highly successful GasjMrd, the miser, in
'Les Cloches de Corneville' (q.v.) — a role
which he sustained for a long time at the
Folly and Globe Theatres and in the country.
It was followed by his Wild Murtogh in a
London revival of ' Green Bushes ' (1880).
He was not seen again in the English me-
tropolis till Christmas, 1889, when he figured
as Scroogina in the pantomime of ' Cinde-
rella ' at the Haymarket. In 1800 he repre-
sented Chickanague in the opera of ' The
Black Rover ' (q.v.) at the Globe.
Barry, Sprang-er. Actor, born at
Dublin, 1719, died 1777 ; was brought up as
a silversmith, became bankrupt, and took to
the stage. His debut was made at the Smock
Alley Theatre, Dublin, in February, 1744.
and he continued to perform there till
October, 1746, wlien he made his first London
appearance as Othello at Drury Lane. Here
he remained, sharing the best parts with
BARRY
118
BARSANTI
Garrick, till 1750, when he went to Covent
Garden, where, for the next eight years, he
was the acknowledged rival of his great con-
temporary. In 1754-5 he paid a flying visit
to Dublin. In 1759 he went thither Avith
Woodward to open the Crow Street Theatre,
which they had built ; and the partners,
two years later, started another venture—
a new theatre at Cork. Woodward returned
to London in 1762, but Barry remained in
management till 1767, when he appeared at
the Haymarket. In the same year he was
re-engaged at Drury Lane, with which he
was associated till 1774, the remainder of his
professional career being passed at Covent
Garden. He was married to Mrs. Dancer in
1768 (see Cr.^wford, Mrs.). Among his
original roles were Mahomet in ' Irene,'
Young Norval in 'Douglas,' Ronan in
* The Fatal Discovery,' Tancred in ' Almida,'
Aubrey in ' The Fashionable Lover,' and
Evander in 'The Grecian Daughter' (q.v.).
His repertory also included Lear (1744-5),
Henry V. (1744-5), Macbeth (1746-7), Hotspur
(1746-^7), Hamlet (1746-7), Antony ('Juhus
Caesar,' 1746-7). iJoweo (1748-9), Richard III.
(1756-77), Jacques (1774-5), Castalio in ' The
Orphan' (1745-6), Altamont in 'The Fair
Penitent' (1745-6), Lord Toxvnly in 'The
Provoked Husband' (1746-7), Lothario in
'The Fair Penitent' (1750-1), Bajazet
('Tamerlane'), Oroonoko, Pierre, and J a filer
(' Venice Preserved '), Captain Plume (' The
Recruiting Officer'), and Captain Macheath.
Davies said that "of all the tragic actors who
have trod the English stage for these last
fifty years, Mr. Barry was unquestionably
the niost pleasing. Since Booth and Wilks,
no actor had shown the public a just idea of
the hero or the lover ; Bai-ry gave dignity to
the one and passion to the other. In his
person he was tall without awkwardness ;
in his countenance he was handsome with-
out effeminacy ; in his uttering of passion,
the language of nature alone was communi-
cated to the feelings of an audience. If any
player deserved the character of an unique,
he certainly had a just claim to it." O'Keef e
gave it as "his opinion that Barry was " the
finest actor in his walk that has appeared on
the Eughsh stage ; " and Murphy wrote —
"Harmonious Barry ! with what varied art
His grief, rage, tenderness, assail'd the heart !
Of plaintive Otway now no more the boast !
And Shakspeare grieves for his Othello lost ! "
Churchill, in the ' Rosciad,' was less flatter-
ing. See Davies' 'Life of Garrick' (17S0),
Hitchcock's ' Irish Stage ' (178S-94), Kelly's
'Reminiscences' (1826). O'Keefe's 'Recol-
lections ' (1826), Bernard's ' Retrospections '
(1830), Genesfs ' Enghsh Stage' (1832),
Donaldson's ' Recollections ' (1865).
Barry, Mrs. Spranger. See Craw-
ford, Mrs.
Barry, Thomas. Actor, died in Eng-
land, 1857 ; made his first appearance in
America at the Park Theatre, New York, in
1826, as the hero of ' The Stranger.' He
was stage-manager of the Park till 1833 ;
manager of the Tremont Theatre, Boston,
from 1833 to 1839 ; manager of the Bowery
in 1840 ; stage-manager of the Park from
1841 onwards ; assistant-manager of the
Broadway from 1850 to 1854 ; and afterwards
manager of the new Boston Theatre. See
Ireland's ' New York Stage.' See Barry,
Mrs. Thomas.
Barry, Mrs. Thomas. Actress ; made
her first appearance in America at the Park
Theatre, New York, in 1S27, as Juliet, after-
wards playing Belvidera and Juliana. She
performed at Boston in 1833-39, and in 1841
returned to the Park, where she played for
the last time in 1848. She died in 1854.
See Ireland's 'New York Stage.'
Barrymore, Earl of. See Amateur
Acting.
Barrymore, Maurice. Actor ; ap-
peared at the Haymarket Theatre in 1884-86,
creating two parts— D;-. Basil Xorth in:
'Dark Days' (1SS5) and Paul Devercux in
' Nadjezda' (1SS6), and figuring also asCount.
Orlof in 'Diplomacy' (1884), Ernest Vane in!
'Masks and Faces' (1885), Angus Mac-
all i.«ter in 'Ours' (1885), Belvaicncy in ' En-;
gaged' (1886), and Lotus Percival in 'Jim
the Penman ' (1SS6). In 1887 he played the"
title part in 'Lagadere' {q.v.) at Niblo's.'
New York. He is the author of two drai
matic pieces — 'Honour,' an adaptatior;
(1881), and ' Nadjezda' (1886).
Barrymore, "William. Actor anc
dramatic writer; made his debut at Drur;
Lane in 1827 as Raraiero in ' The Guerillj'
Chief;' appeared in 1831 at the Park ami
Bowery Theatres, New York, whence hj
went to Boston, dying there in 1845. H
was much esteemed in melodrama and stag ;
management. " ' Orsino, by Mr. Barrymore j
what a full Shakespearean sound it carries]
how fresh to memory arise the image an ;
the manner of the gentle actor" (Chark
Lamb). Robson, in ' The Old Playgoer
(1S46), speaks of Barrymore as " The Tyran
Murderer, Usurper of the drama. . ,* . H
was a sound, useful actor. . . . You wi
find his name in a highly respectable line i
characters for a great many years." Amoi
his dramatic pieces were ' El Hyder ' (ISl ■
'The Fatal Snowstorm,' 'The Font;
Slave,' 'The Foulahs,' 'Gilderoy,' 'M.
Marnock,' ' The Secret,' ' A Slave's R
venge,' ' Trial by Battle,' and ' Wallac
See Barrymore, Mrs. William.
Barrym.ore, Mrs. "William. Actres
" was known on the English stage as ear
as 1803, as Miss Adams, a dancer', and aft
her marriage attained distinction as a me
dramatic actress of the highest grad
(Ireland). She played at the Park a
Bowery Theatres, New York, in 1S31, and
Boston from 1832 onwards. Returning
England, she died in 1862.
Barsanti, Miss (Mrs. Lisley). Actref
of an Italian family, and a pupil of Lt
Burney ; appeared at Covent Garden fn
1772 to 1776, and at the Haymarket in 17
She was the original representative of Lyy
Languish in 'The Rivals,' and amc
her other parts were Portia (' Merchant'
BARTHOLO
119
BARTOLUS
Venice'). ^^1'^- Ford ('Merry Wives'), E><ti-
fania ('Rule a Wife'), Mrs. Oakley ('The
Jealous Wife '), Charlotte Rusport (' The
West Indian '), 3rrs. Frail (' Love for Love '),
Lady Fanciful (' The Provoked Wife '), Lady
Toivnly (' The Provoked Husband '), Widoiu
Bellviow (' The Way to Keep Him '). Be-
coming a widow, she married Richard Daly,
manager of the Smock AlleyTheatre, Dublin,
"and was," says Genest, " the great support
of his theatre. She was a very good actress."
O'Keefe considered her "capital" in all
Mrs. Abington's parts. See O'Keefe's
' Recollections ' (1826) and Genest's ' English
Stage ' (1832).
Bartholo, Dr. A character in 'The
Spauish Barber ' (q.v.). See Bartolo.
Bartholomew, Anne Charlotte (nt^.e
Fayermann). Dramatist, died 1862 ; author
of 'The King ; or, The Farmer's IJaugiiter'
(1829), and ' It is only my Aunt,' a farce
(1849).
Bartholomew Fair. A comedy by
Ben Jonson (q.v.), first performed at the
Hope Theatre, London, on October 31, 1614,
by " the Lady Elizabeth's servants "—the
Lady P^lizabeth being the daughter of
James I. The play, says Giff ord, " was
always a favourite with the people," no
doubt because of "the ridicule with which
it covers the Puritans." "It was revived
immediately after the Restoration, and was
frequently honoured with a royal command
by Charles, whom tradition represents as
greatly delighted with the character of
Cokes, Avhich was, indeed, excellently played
by AVintersel, and afterwards by lNoke«."
Amoner the other per so nee are John Little-
wit, Win-the-fi(jht Littleiuit, Zeal-of-the-land
Busy, Winwife, Tom Quarlons, Humphrey
Waspe, Adam Overdo, Fdgeworth, Lanthorn
Leatherhead, Niyhtingale, Mooncalf, Dan
Joi-dan Enockem, Trouble-all, Bristle, Filcher,
Puppy, Dame Purecraft, Grace Wellborn,
Joan Trash, etc. Giflford commends the
play as abounding in "powerful satire, no
less than in wit and humour." " The cha-
racters, numerous as they are, are all kept
distinct from one another." ' Bartholomew
Fair' was revived at the Haymarket in
August, 1707, with Bullock as Cokes, John-
son as Waspe, Pack as Busy, Keen as Justice
Overdo, Norrisas Littleicit.'Mills as Quarlous,
Booth as Edgeivorth, and Mrs. Porter as
Mrs. Wellborn ; at Drury Lane in June, 1715,
with Johnson, Mills, and Norris in their
former parts, Mrs. Saunders as Littleivit,
and Miss Willis as Mrs. Wellborn; and at
Drury Lane in October, 1731, with Gibber,
jun., as Cokes, Johnson as before, and Miss
Rafter as Littlewit.
Bartley, George. Actor, born at Bath,
1782 ; made his debut there as the page in
* The Purse.' In ISOO he played Orlando at
Cheltenham, and, repeating the assumption
at Margate, attracted the attention of Mrs.
Jordan, who recommended him for an en-
gagement at Drury Lane. There he made
his first appearance, in the same character,
iu 1802, remaining a member of the company
till 1804, when he went to the Haymarkpt,
afterwards appearing at various towns in
the provinces, as well as at Drurv Lane as
Falstaff, etc. He next went as stage-
manager to the English cipera House,
resigning his appointment in 1S18. In the
same year he appeared at the Park Theatre,
New York, as Falstaff, and, returning by-
and-by, was seen at Covent Garden (in 1822)
as Sir Toby Belch and in other characters.
He took his farewell of the stage in 1853,
and died in 1858. During his later years
" he derived his greatest fame from his
personation of the veterans of the stage,
such as Falstaff (in which he was for many
years unrivalled), Polonius, Sir Peter Teazle,
Sir Anthony Absolute, Sir David Dunder,
Job Thornberry, Colonel Damas, Max Hark-
away, etc.'] Of the last-named character he
was the original exponent. Oxberry praises
his Old Mirabel, Sir Christopher Curry,
Eustache de Saint Pierre, FitzhardingC Iron
Chest '), Jobs'on, Joe Standfast, etc. Hazlitt
wrote of him. "There is a thinness in his
voice, and a plumpness in his person, neither
of which is to our taste." Planche, on the
other hand, characterized him as "a
sensible, unaffected actor, without any pre-
tension to genius, but thoroughly dependable
to the extent of his ability." See 'The
Thespian Dictionary' (1802-5), Oxberry's
' Dramatic Biography,' Ireland's ' New York
Stage ' (1866), Brown's ' American Stage *
(1870). See Bartley, INIrs. G.
Bartley, Mrs. Georg-e (n4e William-
son). Actress, born at Liverpool, 1783 j
died in London, 1850; after appearing at
Salisbury and Bath, made, in 1805, her ddbut
at Covent Garden as Lady Toivnly in ' The
Provoked Husband.' Playing at Dublin in
1807, she reappeared at Covent Garden in
the following year, being afterwai-ds en-
gaged for three years at Drury Lane. In
1815 she married George Bartley, and in
1818 performed with him at the Park
Theatre, New York, her opening part being
that of the heroine in ' Isabella ' (q. v.). Tours
in the English provinces followed, and in
1823 she resumed her position at Covent
Garden. As a tragic actress she ranked
high. Donaldson says that she " was formed
by nature for the higher walk of her pro-
fession. She had a noble and expressive
face, fuU, strong, and melodious voice,
capable of any intonation, and an original
conception of her author." See Ireland's
'New York Stage' (1866) and Brown's
' American Stage ' (1870).
Bartoldo. A wealthy old miser in
MiLMAN's 'Fazio' (q.v.).
Bartolo, Dr., figures in the various
versions and adaptations of ' The Barber of
Seville ' (q.v.).
Bartolozzi, Lucy Elizabeth. See
Vestris, Mdme.
Bartolus. A lawyer, husband of
Amaranta in Beaumont and Fletcher's
' Spanish Curate ' (q.v.).
BARTON
120
BASSET-TABLE
Barton. Actor, born ia London ; -was
playing at Brighton about 1820. Both in
England and Scotland "he enjoyed con-
siderable repute as a leading actor in tragedy
and in the better range of melodrama." In
1832 he was ' ' starred " at the Bowery Theatre,
New York, and in 1833 appeared at
Philadelphia. Returning to England, he
died there in 1848. See Ireland s 'New
York Stage ' (1866) and Brown's ' American
Stage ' (1870).
Barton, Fanny. See Abington, Mrs.
Bartonmere Towers. A comedy in
three acts, by Rutland BarriiNGTon (g.v.),
first performed at the Savoy Theatre, Lon-
don, on the afternoon of February 1, 1893,
■with a cast including the author.
Barwise's Book. A comedy in two
acts by H. T. Craven (q.v.), first performed
at the Theatre Royal, Edinburgh, on April
13, 1870; first produced in London at the
Haymarket Theatre, on April 25, 1870, with
a cast including E. A. Sothern, W. H.
Chippendale, H. Compton, W. H. Kendal,
J. B. Buckstone, Miss Robertson (Mrs,
Kendal), Miss F. Gwynne, and Mrs. F.
Matthews.
Base Impostor (A). A play by Horace
WiGAN iq.v.).
Bashaw and the Bear. See Bruno.
Bashful Irishman (The), by Mark
Lemon (g.v.), was performed at the Olympic
Theatre, New York, in 1840.
Bashful Lover (The). A tragi-
comedy, by Philip Massinger (g.w.),
licensed on May 9, 1636, and acted at " the
private house in Black-Fryars." " It was
extremely well received at its first appear-
ance, and continued to be a favourite." It
was printed in 1655. The bashful lover is
Hortensio, who, though enamoured of
Matilda, the daughter of Gonzaga, does not
Kroclaim his passion. Lorenzo demands
er hand in marriage, and Gonzaga refuses.
There is a battle, and Mantua is captured,
whilst Matilda, attempting to escape, is
seized, but rescued by Hortensio. Both,
however, are taken prisoners. Lorenzo
(having restored her father to his duke-
dom) renews his suit, and Hortensio, very
disinterestedly, advises Matilda to accept it.
She replies by declaring her love for Hor-
tensio. Lorenzo gives her up ; and Gonzaga
consents to her marriage with her bashful
lover, who, his brother having just died, is
now Duke of Milan. The play, altered by
Hull, was revived at Covent Garden in May,
1798, under the title of 'Disinterested Love,'
with Pope as Hortensio, Holman as Lorenzo,
INIurray as Gonzaga, and Mrs. Pope as
Matilda.
Bashful Man (The). A comic drama
by W. T. MONCRIEFF {q.v.), first performed in
1857. Blushington is the basliful man, and
L>inah Fnendlg is the girl to whom, inspired
by wine, he "eventually finds courage to
propose.
Basil, Count. See Count Basil.
Basil's Faith, by A. VV. Dubourq
(q.v.).
Basilio. The clerical bigot in 'The
Barber of Seville ' {q.v.) and ' Marriage of
Figaro ' (q.v.).
Basilisco. A boasting but cowardly
knight in ' Soliman and Perseda' (q.v.).
He is alluded to by Philip the bastard iu
' King John,' act i. sc. 1.
Basket - Maker (The). A musical ,
farce in two acts, words by John O'Keefe, ;
mu.-^ic by Samuel Arnold ; first performed
at the Haymarket Theatre on .September
4, 1790, with Bannister as Simon Itochefort, '
Bannister, jun., as Wattle, and Mrs. Ban-
n ster as Claudine. Wattle is a basket-
maker, to whom Rochefort — who has been
deprived of his lands by the Governor of
Canada, and has been elected King of the '■■
Iroquois — has entrusted the custody of his '
son William. The last named has been
taught the trade of basket-making, and by
means of his .skill in it propitiates the
Indiana into whose hands he falls. In the
end, Rochefort is restored, and William
marries Claudine. The piece was revived,
with alterations, in 1820, at Covent Garden,
under the title of ' Iroquois ; or, The
Canadian Basket-maker.'
Basket-Maker's Wife (The). See
Devil to Pay, The.
Basoche (The). A comic opera in
three acts, libretto by Albert Carre,,
music by Andre Messager, produced atj
Opera Comique, Paris, May 30, 1890; first!
perf'^rmed in England (in a version by Sir!
A. Harris and Eugene Oudin) at the
Royal English Opera House, London, on
November 3, 1891, with Ben Davie^ as
Clement Marot, C. Kenningbam as L'Eveille,
D. Bispham as the Due de Longueville, W.
H. Burgon as Louis XIL., Miss E. Pallisei
as Marie d' Angleterre, Miss Lucille Hill as
Colette, and other parts by J. Le Hay, Miss
Esme Lee, etc. ; first performed in America
at Chicago in January, 1893.
Bass, Charles. Actor, born in London
1803, oied in Canada, 1863 ; made his firs-
appearance in New York at Park Theatrt
in August, 1845, as Colonel Damas in ' Th(
Lady of Lyon^.'
Basset, Count, in Gibber's 'Provokec
Husband ' (q. v.), is a swindler, with no righ
to the title he has assumed.
Basset-Tahle (The). A comedy b;
;Mrs. Cf.ntlivre (q.v.), tirst performed a
Drury Lane on November 20, 1705, witl
Mrs. Oldfield as Lady Reveller, ^Mills a
Lord Worthy, Wilks as Sir James Courtly
Bickerstaff as Ensign Lively, Mrs. Rogei
as Lady 2>f<c?/, and I\lrs. Mountfort as Valeric
Lady Reveller (who keeps a bassettablf
is beloved by Lord Worthy, but slights hin,
He rescues her from the pretended passio
of Sir James, and- she thereupon niarrie
him. Sir James marries Lady Lvcu, an
Lively espouses Valeria. The cast include
BASSIANUS
BATEMAN
Sago, a druggist, and his wife ; a Sir Richard
Plainman and a Captain Hearty.
Bassianus, in ' Titvis Andronicus ' iq.v.\
is in love with Lavinia {q.v.).
Bassino, Count. The '• perjured hus-
band" in Mrs. Centlivre's play of that
name {q.v.).
Bassoon. A servant of Cantato, in
' Bays' Opera ' iq.v.).
Bastard (The). (1) A tragedy, printed
in 1652, and attributed to Cosmo Manuche
(q.v.), though Genest gives reasons for
doubting if the play was the work of that
writer. In the prologue we read—
"Translation is no crime ; we here impress
A Spanish bastard in an English dress."
Genest notes that the author has borrowed
several speeches from 'Komeo and Juliet'
and ' Richard III.,' as well as some lines
from '2 Henry VI.' The Bastard is one
Gaspar, who, refused by Mariana, kills her,
her father, and then himself. "At the
conclusion, eight of the principal characters
lie dead on the stage." (2) A tragedy
by Robert Lovett, which, " if ever acted,
appeared only on the Irish stage " (' Bio-
graphia Dramatica ').
Bastien and Bastienne. An operetta,
music by Mozart, performed, with EngHsh
libretto, at Daly's Theatre, London, in De-
cember, 1894.
Bastille (The). A one-act piece from
the French, first performed at the Hay-
market Theatre, London, in December,
18i2, with Mdme. Celeste as Ninon, Webster
as Fricandeaii. and H. Hull as Louin XI V.
Bastion, General. A blind veteran
in CoLMAX, jun.s, 'We fly by Might' (q.v.).
Bataille de Dames. See Ladies'
Battle.
Batchelors (The). See Bachelors,
The.
Bate, Henry. See Dudley, Henry
E.\TE.
Bateman, Ellen. Actress, daughter
of H. L. and S. F. Bateman (q.v.), and sister
of Kate Bateman (q.v.) ; born at Baltimore,
U.S.A., in 1S45 ; acted in America and
England between 1S49 and ISCO, when she
married and left the stage.
Bateman, H. L. Actor and theatrical
manager, born 1S13, died March, 1875 ;
made his debut at New York in December,
1849, as Mr. Wilton in ' Old and Young.'
He was seen at the Adelphi Theatre, London,
in June, 1S65, as Davtd liuthin (an old Welsh
harper) in his wife's drama, 'Geraldine'
(q.v.). He became lessee and manager of
the Lyceum Theatre, London, in September,
1871, retaining the position until his death.
He was the father of Kate, Ellen, Isabel,
and Virginia Bateman, all of which see.
Bateman, Isabel. Actress, daughter
of H. L. and S. F. Bateman ('^.y.); born in
Cincinnati, 18.^4 ; appeared, as a child, at
Her Majesty's Theatre, London, as Dirjijory
Dawdlegrass in 'Little Daisy' (December,
1865). Her formal debut, as an adult, was
made at Edinburgh (May, 1871), and after-
wards at the Lyceum Theatre, London
(September, 1871), as the heroine of her
mother's play, 'Fanchette' (q.v.). Other
original parts played by her at the Lyceum
were those of Queen Henrietta Maria in
Wills's ' Charles I.' (1872), liuth Meadows
in Wills's ' Eugene Aram ' (1873), 2Iarie in
Aide's ' Philip ' (1874), and Thekla in WiUs
and Fitzgerald's ' Vanderdeckea' (1878) ; she
further tigured there as Julie in ' Richelieu'
(1873), Ophelia (1874), Desdemona (1876),
Letitia Hardy in 'The Belle's Stratagem'
(1876), Jeannette in ' The Lyons Mail' (1877),
and Lady Anne in ' Richard III.' (1877). In
1880 she played Juliet, and Sophia in ' The
Road to Ruin ' (q.v.), at Sadler's Wells
Theatre. In 1883 at the Adelphi she was
the original Ituth Herrick in Sims and
Pettitt's 'In the Ranks' (q.v.), and at Drury
Lane in 1885 she "created" Xellie Temple
in Pettitt and Harris's 'Human Nature'
(q.v.), besides appearing as Susan in 'It's
Never too Late to Mend' (q.v.). She has
also created the title part in Wills's 'Cla-
rissa Harlowe ' (Birmingham, 1889). Of late
years she has added to her repertory Juliet,
Frou-Frou, Leah, Mary Warner, Miami,
Jeanie Dean,<;, Jane Shore (Wills), the
heroines of Pinero's ' Squire * (q.v.) and
' Profligate' (q.v.).
Bateman, Kate Josephine [Mrs.
Trowel. Actress, daughter of H. L. and
S. F. Bateman (q.v.) ; born 1843 [at Balti-
more in October, 1842] ; made her pro-
fessional debut at Louisville, U.S.A., in
1846 ; appeared in New York at the Broad-
way Theatre in December, 1849, with her
younger sister, Ellen (q.v.), playing Bich-
mond to Ellen's Jiichard III., Tag to her
Little Pickle (in ' The Spoiled Child '), Portia
to her Shylock, and Artaxaminous to
her Bomhastes; appearing also as Lady
Macbeth. In the autumn of 1851 the
sisters appeared at the St. James's Theatre,
London, in acts and scenes from Shake-
speare, etc., and some comment on their
performances may be read in Henry
Morley's ' Journal of a London Playgoer.'
" Though the younger actor," wrote Mor-
ley, " has perhaps the more whimsical
turn for comic and farcical play, the
elder seems to be the better actress of
the two. Her flrst scene [in Scribe's
'Young Couple'] showed not a few of the
qualities of impulsive and natural acting."
In April, 1852, the sisters acted ( "admirably,"
says E. L. Blanchard)at the Surrey Theatre,
London, in 'The Young Couple' and in
Bayle Bernard's 'The Old Style and the
New' (q.v.). In the same year they re-
appeared at the Broadway, New York. In
1860 Kate Bateman was seen at the Winter
Garden in that city as Geraldine in her
mother's play (q.v.), Evangeline, and Leah.
Her debut in London as an adult was made
in the last-named character (q.v.) on
October 1, 1863, at the Adelphi Theatre.
[" Find the child has grown up a tine joung
BATEMAX
122
BATH
woman," wrote E. L. Blanchard.] In
January, 1865, she appeared there as
Julia in 'The Hunchback' {q.v.)\ in Maj',
as Blanca in Milman's 'Fazio' {q.v.); and,
in June, as Geraldine. At Her Majesty's
Theatre, in December, she figured as Juliet
in Shakespeare's tragedy. In 1866 she
appeared at Niblo's Garden, New York,
as Pauline, Farthenia, etc., and in the
same year married Dr. George Crowe. To
December, 1S68, belongs her appearance
at the Haymarket as Pietra in Dr.
Mosenthal's tragedy (q.v.), and to June,
1869, her creation there of the role of Manj
Warner in Tom Taylor's play so named
(q.v.). In July, 1872, she was the original
representative (at the Lyceum) of the
heroine in ^Yills's ' iledea in Corinth ' (q-v.),
and in October, 1873 (at Liverpool), of the
heroine in A. W. Dubourg's ' Bitter Fruit '
(q.v.). At the Lyceum, London, she played
in 1875 Lady Macbeth, in 1876 Emilia in
•Othello' {q.v-) and Queen Mary (her
original part) in Lord Tennyson's play so
named, and in 1S77 Queen Margaret in
'Richard III.' (q.v.), and Sarah Leeson
(her original part) in 'The Dead Secret'
(q.v.). When, in October, 1879, her mother
opened Sadler's "Wells Theatre, Miss Bate-
man appeared there as Helen Macgregor in
'Rob Roy' (q.v.), and in April, 1881, she
was seen there as the creator of Margaret
Field in H. A. Jones's 'His Wife' (q.v.).
After a long interval of retirement Miss
Bateman returned to the London stage in
September, 1891, to play the Marquise de
Bellegarde in H. James's ' American ' (q.v.).
Since then she has been the original repre-
sentative of Mrs. Iljerns in ' Karin ' (May,
1892), and of 3irs. Grcnfell in 'David'
(November, 1892). See Crowe, Sidney.
Bateman, Lord. A character in
Brough's 'Overland Journey' (q.v.) and
H. J. Byron's ' Beautiful Haidue ' (q.v.).
See Lord Bateman.
Bateman, Sidney Frances. The-
atrical manageress and dramatic writer,
daughter of Joseph Cowell (q.v.) and wife
of H. L. Bateman (q.v.); born 1825, died
January, ISSl ; was for some time lessee and
director of Sadler's Wells Theatre, which
she opened in October, 1879, with ' Rob
Roy.' She was the author of two plays—
' Geraldine ; or. The Master Passion ' (q.v.)
and ' Fanchette ' (q.v.).
Bateman, Virgrinia. See Compton,
Mrs. Edward.
Bateman ; or, The Unhappy Mar-
riag-e. Played at Bartholomew Fair in
August, 1703, with Dogget as Sparrow.
Bates. (1) A soldier in ' King Henry V . ; '
one of those with whom the n^o'narch holds
colloquy before the battle of Agincourt (act
iv. sc. 1). (2) A character in Moore's
'Gamester' (q.v.). (3) Charley Bates, a
pickpocket, figures in various adaptations
of Dickens's ' Oliver Twist' (q.v.).
Bates, "William. Actor ; for some
time connected at Drury Lane ; made his
debut in America in 1793 ; first appeared la
New York in 1798. See Bernards ' Recol-
lections ' (1830) and Dunlap's ' American
Theatre ' (1S33).
Bath (Somersetshire). The earliest no-
tices of the drama in Bath are to be found
in the municipal archives, which show that
between 1577 and 1612 the city was con-
stantly visited by companies of actors asso-
ciated with the Court or the nobility. Of
performances by strolling players of less
distinction, Bath, like every other large
country town, probably had known many.
The representations would take place in
inn-yards or in any large room that could
be rented; tlie Town Hall would also be
available for the better class of entertain-
ments, as we find recorded of it under date
1673. The first regiilar theatre in Bath was
that which was built by subscription in 1705
on the site now occupied by the Royal
Mineral Water Hospital. This was managed
by an actor named Hornby. A reference to
the Bath Stage as it was in 1725 may be read
in Defoe's ' Tour through Great Britain.'
In 1738 the theatre made way for the afore-
said hospital, and thereafter, for a time,
theatrical performances were given both in
a large apartment below the Assembly
Rooms (called "Mr. Simpson's Theatre")
and in a similar room in Kingsmead Street,
of which latter we hear nothing after 1751.
In 1748 John Palmer, a local brewer and
tallow-chandler, made public proposals for
the erection of a new theatre, with the result
that a suitable building was erected in Or-
chard Street, the opening taking place in
October, 1750, During the next fifty-five
years the drama flourished exceedingly in
Bath, then at the height of its prosperity
as a fashionable resort. For some time
Palmer's enterprise suffered from rivalry
in connection with the revived Assembly
Rooms, which, however, he eventually took
over. The theatre was enlarged in 1755 and
reconstructed in 1767. In 1768 Palmer ob-
tained for it the first patent granted to a
pi-oviucial house, and it tlius became a
Theatre Roj'al. In 1785 he surrendered the
direction to two of his actors, Keasberry and
Dimond, the latter of whom became' sole
manager about 1790. The last dramatic per-
formance in the building (now a Masonic
Hall) took place on July 13, 1805. In this
theatre Henderson had made his stage debut
in 1772, and Elliston his in 1790. Edwin and
Didier were also debutants at Bath, where
Mrs. Siddons spent a good deal of her no-
vitiate. A new and more commodious The-
atre Royal, rendered necessary by the growth
of public patronage, and erected in Beaufort
Square, was opened in October, 1805. In
1812 Dimond died, and his wife followed
him in 1823, when his sons disposed of their
proprietorial rights to Colonel Palmer, a
son of John Palmer. The theatre was then
managed successively bv Charlton, Bellamy
(1827), Barnett (1833), Woulds, backed by
Macready (1834), Davidge (1840), Newcombe
and Bedford (1841), Hav (ls41). Hooper
(1843), Mrs. Macready (1845), and J. H.
BATH
123
BATTLE OF AUSTERLITZ
Chute (1853). Up to this time, the theatres
in Bath had been served by stock companies,
■which "supported" the famous "stars"
arriving successively from London or else-
where. In 1854 C. J. Mathews and Mdme.
Vestris brought with them to Bath the whole
Lyceum company, preluding a number of
similar excursions from the metropolis.
Nevertheless, between 1S53 and 1SG2, the
stock actors included such well-known ar-
tists as Miss Marie Wilton, Miss Henrietta
Hodson, Miss Madge Robertson, Arthur
Stirling, William and George Rignold,
Arthur Wood, J. F. Cathcart, and so on.
In April, 1862, the Theatre Royal was burned
down, but it was speedily rebuilt (from the
designs of C. J. Phipps), and opened on
March 4, 1863, with a production of ' A Mid-
summer Night's Dream,' in which C F.
Coghlan was the Demetrius and Miss Ellen
Terry the Titania. Its managers have in-
cluded (since J. H. Chute) H. Nelson
King (1868), W. Duck (1869), B. Ellis and F.
Kenyon (1875), F. Kenyon (1S76), F. Neebe
(1877), F. Emery (1SS4), and William Lewis
(1885). For further particulars, see Main-
waring's 'Annals of Bath,' 'Municipal Re-
cords of Bath,' Genest's ' English Stage '
(which gives details of Bath theatricals
during 1776-7, 1786-8, and 1789-1830), and
'The Bath Stage,' by Belville S. Pauley
(1892).
Batli(The); or, The Western Lass.
A comedy by Thomas d'Ukfey, first per-
formed at Drury Lane in 1701, with
Mrs Verbruggen as Gillian Homebred (the
western lass), Gibber as Crab, Mrs. Rogers
as So2)hronia, Griffin as Lord Lovechace,
and i\Irs. Knight as Lydia. The first scene
is laid in the King's Bath. Crab, "a sliarp-
witted country fellow," passes himself off
as a captain of militia, and marries Gillian.
Sophronia, who is in love with Transport,
is married to Lord Lovechace, who has an
intrigue with Lydia. See Simile, Sir
Sackfull.
Bath Unmasked (The). A comedy
by Gabriel Odingsels (q.v.), first performed
at Lincoln's Inn Fields on February 27, 1725,
with Mrs. Egleton as Lady Ambs-ace, Mrs.
Bullock as Liberia, Mrs. Vincent as Honoria,
Boheme as Lord Wiseman, Walker as Count
Fripon, Egleton as Pander, Mrs. Legar as
Miss Whiffle, Hippisley as Sir Captious
Whiffle, Ryan as Sprightly, and Mrs. Parker
as Cleora. Odingsels "meant by the title
to imply that he had described the humours
of Bath " (Genest).
Bathilda. A character in Grattan's
'Ben Nazir' (q.v.).
Bathing. A farce in one act by James
jSruton, first performed at the Olympic
Theatre, London, on January 31, 1842, and
played at the Olympic Theatre, New York,
in the same year. It sets forth the com-
plications arising from four people getting
-heir clothes changed while bathing.
Bathing- Girl (The). A "comedy-
opera" in three acts, libretto by Rupert
Hughes, music by Robert Coverley per-
formed at the Fifth Avenue Theatre, New
"i ork, on September 2, 1895.
. Bathing- Machine (The). A musical
interlude performed at Brighton in 1790.
Bathos. A character in Douglas Jer-
ROLD's ' Beau Nash ' (q.v.).
Bathos, Sulky. See Battle of the
Poets.
Batifol. A character in Maltby and
Ma.nsell's ' La Belle Normande ' (q.v.).
Batifole. A character in E. Stirling's
' Industry and Indolence' (q.v.).
Batilda. The " old woman of the
cavern " in Dibdix Pitt's ' Jersey Girl '
(q.v.).
Baton, Colonel. A character in ' Love
in the East' (q.v.).
Battams, Scott- Dramatic writer ;
author of ' Sister Grace (1SS4), 'After ' (1887).
' A Mock Doctress ' (18S7), and ' The Parson's
Play ' (1889).
Battersby, Mrs. See Stickney, Mrs.
Battersea, Nerval de. A character
in Coyne and Talfourd's ' Leo the Terrible'
(q.v.).
Battle of Actium (The). See Ser-
pent of the Nile.
Battle of Alcazar (The), with
the death of Captain Stukeley. An
anonymous historical tragedy, acted by "the
Lord High Admiral's servants," and printed
in 1594. Muly Mahomet, King of Barbary,
is dethroned by Abdilmelec, his uncle, and
asks aid from Sebastian, King of Portugal.
Stukeley, "Marquis of Ireland," forced by
stress of weather to land in Portugal, is
induced to join his forces with those of
Sebastian against Abdilmelec. The battle
of Alcazar takes place, and Sebastian and
the two Moorish kings are slain, Stukeley
dying of his wounds. Shakespeare ridicules
a passage of this play in ' 2 Henry IV.,' act
ii. sc. 4. It has also been suggested that
Dryden took the hint for his ' Don Sebas-
tian' from this tragedy. Dyce includes
'The Battle of Alcazar' in his edition of
the works of George Peele, on the ground
that some lines in it are attributed to Peele
in ' England's Parnassus' (1600), and because
sundry other lines can be paralleled very
closely by passages in undoubted works by
Peele. Malo.ie, too, believed that Peele
M-as the author of the play.
Battle of Aughrim (The) ; or, The
Fall of St. Ruth. A tragedy by Robert
ASHTON, published about 1727. It describes,
in dramatic form, the defeat of the Irish,
under the French general St. Ruth, at
Aughrim, Connaught, in July, 1691, by the
royal forces under General Ginkle.
Battle of Austerlitz (The). A play
performed at Ne.v York in 1839.
BATTLE OF BLENHEIM
124
BATTLE OF PULTAV,'A
Battle of Blenheim (The). A play
by J. T. Haixes {'2 -v.).
Battle of Bothwell Brigg (The).
A plav, adapted bv Farley, the actor (7. r.),
from 'Sir Walter" Scott's 'Old Mortality,'
and first performed at Covent Garden on
May 22, ISOO, ^vith the author as John Bal-
four of Burley, Abbott as Henry Morton,
Duruset as Lord Emndale, Blanchard as
Major Bellenden, Emery as Cuddle Head-
rigg, ;Mrs. Davenport as Lady Margaret
Bellenden, and Miss M. 'i'ree as Miss Edith
Bellenden. Farley made considerable altera-
tions in the story, and introduced seven
songs. The play' was produced at New
York in :March 1S27, with Haywood as
Cuddie Headrigg.
Battle of Chevy Chase (The). A
drama performed at the Tyne Theatre, New-
castle, March 29, 1*75.
Battle of Edding-ton (The) ; or,
British Liberty. An historical tragedy
in three acts, by John Penn, prmted in
1792, and first performed at Covent Garden
on July 19, 1S24. In the battle from which
the drama takes its name, Alfred the Great
defeats the Danes under Ceoluph , and rescues
the queen and his son, Ceoluph being slain.
Battle of Eutaw Spring-s (The).
A plav, performed at Charleston, U.S.A.,
in 1S17.
Battle of Hasting-s (The). A tragedy
by KicnARD Cumberland iq.v.), first per-
formed at Drury Lane on January 24, 1778,t
with Henderson as Edgar Atheling, Bensley
as King Harold, IVIiss Younge as Matilda,
Mrs. Yiites as Edwina, and Palmer and J.
Aickin in other parts. It is desired that the
claims of Harold and Edgar to the crown
may be combined by the marriage of the
latter to the former's daughter, Matilda,
who is in love with Edgar. But Edgar,
loving ^(hci'/)rt, refuses the offer, and Harold
condemns him to death. He is pardoned
through the intercession of Matilda, and,
Harold being killed at the battle of Hastings,
Edgar is proclaimed king. See William
THE Conqueror.
Battle of Hexham (The) ; or, Days
of Old. A play in three acts, by Colman,
jun. (q.v.), first performed (with music by
Dr. S. Arnold) at the Haymarket Theatre,
on August 11, 17S9, with Bannister, jun.. as
Gondihert, Mrs. Goodall as Adeline, Edwin
as Gregory Gubbiiis, ]Mrs. S. Kemble as
Queen Margaret, -s^lth J. Aickin, R. Palmer,
Bannister, and Baddeley in other parts.
Gondihert, a supporter of the house of Lan-
caster, has left home and become captain
of a band of robbers ; and his wife Adeline,
accompanied by her sei'vant Gubbins, goes
in search of him. Meanwhile, Queen Mar-
{jaret, defeated at the battle of Hexham,
falls into the hands of Gondihert, who, when
he knows Avho she is, secures her safety.
Adeline and Gondihert are then reuni ed.
The play was performed at tlie John .Street
Theatre, New York, in October, 1796, with
Jefferson as Gregory Gubbins and Ilallamj
the Fool.
Battle of Lake Champlain (The).
A play produced at the Green Street
Theatre, in Albany, U.S.A., in 1S15. In
this piece the action took place on real ships
floating in real water. Andrew Jackson
Allen played a negi-o, and sang what is
believed to have been the fii-st negro song
heard on the American stage.—' The Battle
of Lake Erie' is the title of another American
play.
Battle of Life (The). A story by
Charles Dickens on which several plays
have been founded :— (1) A drama in three
acts, by Albert Smith ('/.;■.), first per-
formed at the Lyceum Theatre, London, ou
December 21, 1S46, with Mrs. Keeley as
Clemency Newcome, Keeley as Benjamin
Britain, F. Matthews as Dr. Jeddler,
Leigh Murray as Alfred Heath field, F.
Vining as Michael Warden, ^Meadows as
Snitchey, and Miss Daly as Grace. (2) A
drama in three acts, by Edward Stirling,
first performed at the Surrey Theatre,
London, in January, 1S47, with H. Webb as
Ben, Mrs. Vining as Marion, Mrs. E. F.
Saville as Grace, J. T. Johnson as Alfred,
Miss E. Terrey as Clemency, etc. (3) In the
same month an adaptation was produced
at the City of London Theatre, with Mrs.
R. Honner as Clemency. (4) An adapta-
tion was performed at New York in the
same year. (5) An adaptation in three
acts, by C. Dickens, jun., was first per-
foi-med'at the Gaiety Theatre, London, on
December 26, 1873, with Miss Carlisle as
Marion, Miss C. Loseby as Grace, Miss E.
Farren as Clemency, J. L. Toole as Ben, L.
Brough as Snitchey, and C. Harcourt'as
Michael.— {6) 'The Battle of Life' was the
title given to an adaptation of ' Le Pail-
lasse' (q.v.), produced at the Standard
Theatre, London, on May 22, 1893. (7) ' The
Battle of Life : ' a four-act drama, by A. W.
Parry and T. Dobb, Adelphi Theatre,
Liverpool, August 6, 1S94.
Battle of Ltincarty (The). An his-
torical play l)y George Galloway, pub-'
lished in ls06, but not acted.
Battle of Mexico (The). A play per-
formed at the Bowery Theatre, New York,
in 1848.
Battle of New Orleans (The\ A
dran.a, founded on the war of 181.;. and
first performed at the Park Theatre, New
York, in July, 1816.
Battle of Poictiers (The); or. The
Eng-lish Prince. See Edward the
Black Prince.
Battle of Pultawa (The); or. The
King and the Czar. An liistorical drama
in two acts, adapted from the French, and ,
first performed at Covent Garden on
February 23, 1829, with C. Kemble as
Charles XIL, Warde as Peter the Great,
and other parts by Ei,^erton, Duruset,
BATTLE OF SEDGMOOR
125
BAYNHAM
Raymond, Bartley, Keeley, O. Smith, Mrs.
Chatterley, and Miss Goward (Mrs. Keeley).
Battle of Sedg-moor (The). (1) A
short farce, unacted, and attributed to the
Duke of Buckingham (1707-14). It was
written in ridicule of the Earl of Faversham,
James II. 's general. (2) A drama in three
acts, by G. Almar {q.v.), first performed at
the Pavilion Theatre, London, February,
1837. See Sedgmoor.
Battle of the Heart (The). A drama
in four acts, by John Wilkins {q.v.), first
performed at the Duke's Theatre, London,
on March 13, 18S0, with a cast including
Miss F. Brougli and Clarence Holt.
Battle of the Poets (The); or, The
Contention for the Laurel. A "new
act," played at " the Little Theatre in the
Haymarket," on January 1, 1731, in the form
of a few scenes introduced into ' Tom
Thumb ' iq.v.). The contention is between
Comment Profound, Sulky Bathos, Is'octifer,
Foplinrj Fribble, etc., and the object of the
pseudonymous author, 'Scriblerus Tertins,'
appears to have been to satirize the authors
of the day, and especinlly Cibber under the
i name of Foiling Fribble.
Battle of Waterloo (The). A mili-
tary melodrama in three acts, by J. H.
Amherst {q.v.), performed at Astley's
Amphitheatre.— A drama with this title Avas
I performed at the Lafayette Theatre, New
York, in May, 1828, Avith Kinloch as Napoleon.
Battle Royal (A). See Thread of
Silk.
Battle Royal (The). A farce, "altered
from Sir John Vanbrugh," and performed
at the Haymarket in 1785. (2) 'A Battle
Royal : ' a comedy in three acts, by Arthur
Matthison, first performed at the Alex-
an(ha 'J'heatre, Liverpool, on November 25.
1878.
I Battledore and Shuttlecock. A
} play by Conway Edwardks {q.v.).
i Bauhle Shop (The). A play in four
! acts, by Henry Arthur Jones {q.v.), first
' performed at the Criterion Theatre, London,
on January 26, 181)3, with Charles Wynd-
ham as Lord CUvebrooke, S. Valentine as
; Stoach, M.P., C.W. Somerset as LordSarum,
' W. H. Day as Matthew Keber, Miss Mary
, Moore as Jessie Keber, and Miss Fanny
Enson as Lady Kate Ffennell ; first per-
formed in America at the Empire Theatre,
New York, September 11, 189i. See Babble
Shop.
_Baudin, Eustache. See Eustache
Baudin.
Bavarian Girl (The) ; or, The Black
Helmet. A drama in four acts, by W. h;.
SUTER ; Sadler's Wells, November 13, lsG9.
Baxter's Tragedy. A plaj-, acted in
1602.
Bay of Biscay (The). The part of
Tom Tunnell in this -piece was played by
Henry Irving at Edinburgh, 1856-59.
Bayadere (La). A ballet opera, music
by Auber, performed at New York in
December, 1836, with Mdlle. Augusta in the
title part.
Bayes. ITie author of the mock tragedy
which figures in • The Rehearsal ' {q.v.), and
the prototype of Puff in ' The Critic ' {q.v.).
The character, as originally drawn, was
called Bilboa, and was intended to ridicule
Sir Robert Howard {q.v.) ; but, before the
production of the piece, " Baycs" was sub-
stituted for "Bilboa," and the satire was
turned mainly against John Dryden {q.v.),
though with occasional references to other
playwrights of the time.
Bayes in Petticoats. A farce by
Catherine CLi\E{q.v.), adapted from the
French of Marivaux.
Bayes' Opera. An " opera " by Gabriel
Odingsels {q.v.), first performed at Drury
Lane on March 30, 1730, with Cibber, jun.,
as Bays. ' ' This," says the ' Biographia Dra-
matica,' " isone of the many musical pieces
to which the 'Beggar's Opera' gave birth.'
In the course of it an opera is rehearsed,
including characters of the name of Cantata,
with his daughter IJulceda, and his servants
Bassoo7i and C'rowdero; Pantomime, with his
daughter Farcia, and his chief minister
Harlequin; Tragedo, and various others.
Tragedo was played by Charke.
Bayly, Thomas Hasmes. Dramatist,
poet, and novelist, born 1797, died 1839 ;
produced the following pieces for the stage:
• Perfection ' (1830), ' Comfortable Service '
(1836), 'Forty and Fifty' (1836), 'How do
you Manage?' (1836), 'One Hour' (1836),
' The Daughter ' (adapted 1836), 'The British
Legion ' (1838), ' Mr. Greenfinch ' (1838), ' My
Little Adopted' (1838), 'The Spitalfields
Weaver ' (1838), ' Tom Noddy's Secret ' (1838)^
' You can't marry your Grandmother ' (1838),
' The Barrack Room,' ' The Culprit,' ' The
Ladder of Love,' and 'The Swiss Cottage,'
all of which see. See. also, the ' Memoir'
prefixed to his ' Works ' (18'44).
Baynham, "Walter. Actor and the-
atrical critic ; made his debut at Weymouth
in 1853 ; first appeared in London at the
Haymarket as Glavis in 'The Lady of
Lyons ;' played afterwards at Brighton,
Dublin, and Glasgow, retiring from the
stage in 1861. He was at one time stage-
manager of the Theatre Royal, Glasgow.
Among his chief parts were Charles Surface,.
Modus, Alfred Evelyn, John Mildmay (' Still
Waters '), Ilaivkshaw (' Never too Late-
to Mend'), and Sangfroid ('Delicate
Ground'). Fi'om 1873 to 1893 he was the-
atrical critic of the North Briti.'ih Daily Mail;
he has contributed to the Theatre magazine ;
and his book on 'The Glasgow Stage'
appeared in 1892.
Baynham, Mrs. "Walter (Fanny
Ma^^kell). Actress ; made her first appear-
BAYSWATER
BEARNAISE
ance at the Liverpool Amphitheatre, and
her London debut at the 8trand Theatre,
opening in ' The Artist's Wife ' {q-v.).
Returning to Liverpool, she went thence
to the Addphi, London, where she played,
\vith other parts, Geraldinp. in ' Green
Bushes' iq.v.). In 1S54 she joined the
Olympic Theatre company, and Avas included
—as Mm. Mildmay— in the original cast of
'Still Waters run Deep' (q.i:). In 1856
she married Walter Baynham, with whom
she acted at Brighton, Dublin, and Glasgow,
leaving the stage with him in 1804.
Bays-water, The Duke of, figures in
G. 1 Beckett's ' Last of the Legends '(? v.).
See Duchess of Batswater.
Bazan, Don Caesar and Don Sal-
luste de. See Don Cesar de Bazan.
B. B. A farce in one act by Montagu
Williams (q.v.) and F. C. Burnand (q.v.),
first performed at the Olympic Theatre,
London, on March 22, 1860, with Horace
Wigan as Bob Rattles, a retired prize-fighter ;
F. Robson as Benjamin Bobbin, an agent,
and Mrs. Stephens as Mrs. Puncheon, the
landlady of a public-house. ' B. B.' are the
initials "of Bobbin, "a mild and somewhat
timid gentleman," who, arriving at an inn
in Northumberland, is, to his horror and
discomfiture, mistaken for " the Benicia
Boy," an American prize-lighter who was
a source of great interest at the time of the
production of the piece.
Beacon (The). A musical drama in
two acts by Joanna Baillie (7. r.), published
in 1812. The piece takes its name from the
fire which Aurora, the heroine, causes to be
lighted every night on a rock, as a guide to
her lover, Ermiagard, should he return safe
from the wars.
Beacon of Liberty (The). A drama
founded on history, and produced at the
Covent Garden, on October 8, 1823, with
Bennett as William Tell, Egerton as Gessler,
Miss Foote as Therese (Tell's wife), and
Yates, Duruset, Abbott, and Miss Love in
other parts. See Tell, William.
Beaconsfield, Earl of. Benjamin
Disraeli, born 1305, died 1881 ; author of
' Alarcos,' a tragedy {q.v.).
Beadle of the Parish (The). See
Johannot.
Beag-le, Sir Harry. A sporting squire
in Colman's 'Jealous Wife' {q-v.).
Beale, Thomas Willert ["Walter
Maynard "]. Musician, born 1831, died
1894 ; author of ' The Enterprising Impre-
sario ' (1867) and of a volume of reminiscences
called ' The Light of Other Days' (1890).
Beamish. (1) Mr. Bovnceby Beamish
in C. Selby's ' Chamber Practice ' (q.v.) is
an " embryo barrister." (2) Mrs. Beamish is
"the lively friend" in Stirling Coyne's
'Man of Many Friends' (g.r.). (3) There
is a Sir Peregrine Beamish in H. LESLIE and
N. RowE's 'Orange Girl' (q.v.).
Beanstalk. A farmer in Dougl.4S
Jerrold's ' Rent Day' (q.v.).
Bear a Brain. A play thus entitled
by Henslowe, and attributed to Dekker
iq.v.), was performed at the Rose Theatre
in August, 1599. "Another case," says
Fleay, "of an old play of doubtful author-
ship." The title is obviously corrupt.
Bear and Forbear. A " trifle," adapted
from the German, by S. Bell.
Bear-hunters (The) ; or, The Fatal
Ravine. A melodrama in two acts, by
J. B. Buckstone (q.v.), first performed at
the Victoria Theatre, with the author as
Nicolon, Davidge as Muslcito Bluebelle, and
Miss Watson as Aline ; played in New York
in 1829, with G. Barrett as Caribert and
Mrs. G. Barrett as Aline.
Beard, John. Actor and vocalist, bom
1716 (?), died 1791 ; made his stage debut at
Drury Lane on August 30, 1737, as Sir John
Loverule in 'The Devil to Pay'(^.tJ.). He
was engaged there till 1743, when he ap-
peared at Covent Garden as Macheath in
'The Beggar's Opera' (7. v.). At the latter
theatre he remained till 1748, when he re-
appeared at Drury Lane. In 1759 he married
(en secondes noces) Charlotte Rich, daughter
of the manager of Covent Garden, of which
theatre, after Rich's death, he undertook,
in November, 1761, the management. He
was the original representative of Haio-
thorne in Bicker.staft"s Love in a Village'
{q.v.), in which part, on May 23, 1767,"he
bade farewell to the boards. His first ap-
pearances as a platform singer had been
made in the performances conducted by
Handel at Covent Garden in 1736. " To form
an estimate of his abilities as a singer, it is
only necessary to remember that Handel
composed for him the great tenor parts in
' Israel in Egypt,' ' Messiah,' ' Samson,'
' Judas Maccabseus,' and ' Jepthah.' "
Charles Dibdin says : "I consider Beard,
taken altogether, as the best English
singer. He was one of those you might
fairly try by Shakspeare's speech to the
actors. He did not mouth it, but his
words came trippingly from his tongue ;
he did not out-Herod Herod, but he begot a
temperance that gave his exertions smooth-
ness ; he never outstepped the modesty of
nature, nor made the judicious grieve. . . .
He was very valuable as an actor. In the
' Jovial Crew,' 'Love in a Village,' ' Comus,'
and ' Artaxerxes' he gave proof of tliis in a
degree scarcely inferior to anvbodv." See
Dibdin's 'History of the Stage '(1800), ' The
Thespian Dictionary ' (1802-5), Genest's
'English Stage' (1832), Grove's 'Dictionary
of Music ' (1879), etc.
Bearding" the Lion. A comedietta,
by Charles S. Fawcett, Prince's Theatre,
Manchester, February 25, 1884.
Bearnaise (La). A comic opera, li-.
bretto by :MM. Leterrier and Vanloo,
music by Andre Messager ; first ]>io(luced in
England (with libretto by Alfred Murray,'
at "the Grand Theatre, Birmingham, on
BEAES NOT BEASTS
127
BEAU IN THE SUDS
September 27, 1886, with Miss Florence St.
John as the heroine (Jacquette), Miss M.
Tempest as Bianca, G. H. Snazelle as Cap-
tain Perpignac, J. J. Dallas as Pomponio,
E. J. Lonnen as Girafo, and S. Harcourt as
the Duke of Como ; first represented in
London at "the Prince of Wales's Theatre,
on October 4, with the same cast as above.
Bears not Beasts. A farce by H. M.
MiLNER, first performed at the Cobnrg
Theatre, London, in 1822 ; played at New
York in 1827, with Placide as Snapall.
Beast and the Beauty (The) ; or,
No Rose without a Thorn, A bur-
lesque by F. C. BURXAND iq.v.'), first per-
formed at the Royalty Theatre, London, on
October 4, 1869,
I Beat, Job. A policeman in F. Hay's
I « Caught by the Cuff' {q.v.).
' Beata. A domestic drama in three
acts, by Austin Fryers, first performed at
the Globe Theatre, London, on April 19,
1892, with Miss Frances Ivor as the heroine,
Miss Estelle Barney as Rebecca West, Miss
S. Vaughan as Ilelsith, Leonard (Jutram as
Rosmcr, Henry Vernon as KrolU George
Hughes as Mortemgard, and R. Soutar as
Dr. West. In this play the author tells the
story of the married life of Posincr and
Beata, on the basis of the account given of
, it by Ibsen in ' Rosnier of Rosmersholm '
I iq.v.), to which, consequently, * Beata' forms
I a prologue or introduction,
Beatrice. (1) Niece of Leonato in
*Much Ado about Nothing' (q.v.). (2)
Daughter of Count Cenci in SHELLEY'S
*Cenci' (7.^j.)-
Beatrice, Mile. [Marie Beatrice
Binda]. Actress, daughter of the Cheva-
lier Binda ; born at Lucca, August, 1839 ;
died in London, December, 1S78 ; was edu-
cated at the Conservatoire, Paris, and made
her earliest appearances on the stage at the
Odeon and the Vaudeville in that city. She
; made her debut in England (and as an
English-speaking artist) at the Haymarket
' on October 3, 18*34, as the heroine of Fanny
■ Kemble's 'Mdlle. de Belle Isle' (^.v.). This
was followed by her Mrs. Ilaller at the same
theatre in November, in which month she
also figured there as the original Hilda in
J. V. Bridgman's ' Sunny Vale Farm ' (q.v.).
In April, 1865, she was seen at the Lyceum
Theatre as Madeleine in a revival of ' Bel-
phegor' (^.t'.). In the English provinces
she appeared in 1867 as Mary IStuart in
Fanny Kemble's version of Schiller's play,
in 1868 as the heroine of Palgrave Simp-
son's 'Marie Antoinette' (q.v.), and in 1869
as the original Grace in Cheltnam's ' Sliadow
of a Crime ' {q.v.). She subsequently figured
in the metropolis as Madame Caussade
in ' Our Friends ' (q.v.) and La Silva in Pal-
grave Simpson's 'Broken Ties' (q.v.) at the
Olympic (1872) ; as the original (English)
Blanche de Chelles in 'The Sphinx' (q.v.) and
(xilberte in 'Frou-Frou' (q.v.) at the Hay-
market (1874) ; as Raymonde de Montaiglin
in 'Love and Honour' (q.v.) at the Globe
(Augiist, 1875); and as Marie in 'The
Woman of the People ' (q.v.) at the Olympic
(August, 187S). She also created the title
character of ' John Jasper's Wife ' (q v )
From 1S67 until her death, Mdlle. Beatrice
was a gi-eat favourite with provincial play-
goers, in whose interests she brought and
held together a "company of comedians"
(including, at one time, T. N. Wenman and
Miss Charlotte Saunders) remarkable for
the excellence of its ensemble. This troupe,
after Mdlle. Beatrice's death, was main-
tained for many years under the direction
of Frank Harvey (q.v.).
Beatty-King-ston, "W. Author and
.iournalist ; wrote the libretti for the follow-
ing operas :— ' The Beggar-Student ' (1884),
' Frivoli ' (1886), ' Irraengarda ' (1892).
Beau (Le). A courtier in • As You Like
It' (q.v.), act i. so. 2,
Beau Austin. A comedy in four
acts, by W. E. Henley (q.v.) and R. L.
Stevenson (q.v.), first performed at the
Haymarket Theatre, London, on November
3, 1890, with H. Beerbohm Tree in the title
character, C. Brookfield as Monteith (his
valet), E. Maurice as Anthony Musgrave, F.
Terry as John Fcnwicl; Miss R. Leclercq as
Miss Evelina Foster, Miss Aylward as Bar-
hara, and ]\Irs. Beerbohm Tree as Dorothy
Musgrave. In the prologue W. E, Henley
wrote —
" ' To all and singular,' as Dryden says,
We bring a fancy of those Georgian days.
Whose style still breathed a faint and fine perfume
Of old-world courtliness and old-world bloom."
The scene is at Tunbridge in 1820. Dorothy,
now engaged to John, has been seduced by
the Beau, and confesses the fact to her lover.
Appealed to by Joh7i, the Beau undertakes
to marry her, but she refuses him. In the
end, Austin having behaved generously to
young Musgrave, who has pul)licly insulted
him, Dorothy accepts the Beau.
Beau Brummell, the King* of
Calais. A drama in two acts, by Blan-
CliARD Jerrold (q.v.), first performed at
the Lyceum Theatre, London, on April 11,
lti59, with Emery in the title part ; per-
formed at the Fifth Avenue Theatre. New
York, in October, 1893. See Copy and
Pet 1 TRAIN. (2) ' Beau Brummell : ' a comedy
by Clyde Fitch (q.v.).
Beau Defeated (The) ; or, The
Lucky Young-er Brother. A comedy,
partly translated from the French, ascribed
both to Mrs. Pix and to a Thomas Barker,
acted at Lincoln's Inn Fields, and printed
about 1700.
Beau Demolished (The). See Beau
Defeated.
Beau Ideal (The\ A farce first played
at New York in 1837, with Mrs. Maeder as
Jessie Howard.
Beau in the Fuds (The). A farce
first played in America in 1750.
BEAU NASH
BEAUMONT AND FLETCHER
Beau Nash., the King- of Bath.
A comedy in three acts, by DOUGLAS Jer-
ROLD (q.v.), tirst performed at tlie Hay-
maiket Theatre, London, on July 16, 1834,
with W. Farren in the title part, Vining as
Derby, Shepherd as Wilton, Strickland as
Aid. Beetle, Buckstone as Claptrap, Webster
as Jack Baxter, Brindal as Lavender Tom,
Mathews as Bathos, Mrs. Nisbett as Be-
linda, and Mrs. Humby as Slipper. Amongst
other characters are Dropper, Casket, Mon-
sieur Pas, Skillet, Tivang, and Mrs. Coral.
Beau's Adventures (The). A farce
by Phil. Bennett, printed in 1133.
Beau's Duel (The); or, A Soldier
for the Ladies- A comedy by Mrs.
Centlivre (q.v.), first performed at Lin-
coln's Inn Fields on October 21, 170-2, with
Booth as Captain Bellnieln, Powell as Toper,
Fieldhouse as Careful, Pack as Ogle, Bow-
man as Sir Wm. Mode, Cory as Colonel
Manly, ]Mrs. Prince as Clarinda, :Mrs.
Lee as 2Jrs. Plotwell, and ^Irs. Porter as
Emilia. The duel is between Ogle and
Mode. Some of the piece is borrowed from
Mayne's 'City Match' {q.v.).
Beauchamp, John. Actor ; after ex-
perience in the provinces, made his London
debut at the Princess's Theatre in January,
1S79, as Halves in 'It's Never too Late to
Mend' (q.v.). Since then he has been in
the original cast of the following pieces
(among many) :— ' Drink ' (1879), as Poisson ;
'The Lights o' London' (1881), as Marks;
' The Silver Shield ' (1885), as Sir Humphrey
Chetwynd; 'The Dean's Daughter' (1888),
as Sir Henry Craven ; ' Karin' (1892), as Mr.
Milden ; ' The Amazons ' (1893), as the Hon.
R. Minchin ; ' A Question of Memory ' (1893),
as Haynau ; 'Tom, Dick, and Harry' (1893),
as Gen. Stanhope; ' The New Boy' (1894), aa
Dr. Candy; ' Jedbury Junior' (1896), as
Jedbury, sen. J. Beauchamp has also ap-
peared in revivals of 'Hamlet,' 'Richelieu,'
and 'The Fool's Revenge' (1880), 'A Mid-
summer Night's Dream ' (1886), 'Proof ' (1889),
' Leah ' (1891), ' The Jealous Wife ' (1892), etc.
Beauclerc, Henry and Julian.
Brothers, respectively a diplomatist and
a soldier, in ' Diplomacy ' {q.v.).
Beaudet, Louise. Actress and voca-
list of French-Sijanish extraction ; sang in
America in 1879, as a child, in juvenile light
opera companies ; when not yet twelve,
played the little Duchess in 'The Little
Duke' with Aimee(7.r.); toured with that
actress for several years ; then became a
member of the stock company at Baldwin's
Theatre, San Francisco, where she played
Lady Macbeth, Ophelia, Desdemoni, Jessica,
Pauline Deschapelles, Doris (' Narcisse '),
etc. ; afterwards starred in Australia and
India, playing Juliet, Imogen, Bosalind,
Beatrice ; appeared later as Portia. Ariel,
Ijady Teazle, Jxdia (' Hunchback '), Par-
fhen'ia, Gilberte, Leah, etc. ; has represented
Paola in Jakobowski's opera, Elizabeth in
McLellan's ' Puritania ' (1892), and Progress
in Kiralfy's 'America;' after which she
toured with her own company in French
opera bouffe till May, 1895. She has been
seen in England as Sybil in ' Dr. Jekyll and
Mr. Hyde ' (1888), and as Adele in ' An Artist's
Model '(1895).
Beaufort. The name of three cha-
racters in Shakespeare's plays : (1) Henry,
Bishop of Winchester, in ' 1 and 2 Henry
VI.,' and (2, 3) John, Earl of Somerset, and
Thomas, Duke of Exeter, in ' 1 Henry VL'
(4) .5fa»/o/-f, in Ml'RPHY's 'Citizen' (q.v.),
is in love with and beloved by Maria Wild-
ing (q.v.).
Beauforts (The). A play adapted by
Charlotte Birchpfeiffer from Bulwer's story,
' Night and Morning,' translated into Eng-
lish by Ali-red Ayres, and performed at
Niblo's Garden, New York, on March 6,
1S65, with D. E. Bandmann in the principal
male 7-6le.
Beaufoy, Lord, in Robertson's
' School' (q.v.), is in love with and beloved
by Bella (q.v.), whom in the end he marries.
Beaug-ard, Captain. La1y Dunce's
lover in Otway's ' &oldier"s Fortune.'
Beau.iolais the Necromancer. A
play by H. T. HiPKiNS and Gaston Mur-
ray (q.v.).
Beaumanoir, Lucas de. Grand
Master of the "Templars in T. Dibdin's
'Ivanhoe' (q.v.).
Beaumelle. Daughter of Rochfort and
wife of Charalois in Massinger and FIELD'S
' Fatal Dowry ' (q.v.).
Beaumont, Allen. Actor ; has " cre-
ated " the following, among many, parts :—
Northumberland in 'A Nine Days' Queen'
(1880), Sir Henry Auckland in 'Impulse'
(1882), John Mabel in 'The Rocket' (1883),
Abdallah in ' Our Diva ' (1886), Ranulf in
' The Amber Heart ' (1887), and Roger of
York in ' Becket ' (1S93). He was also the
first representative in London of Mr. Mars-
land in ' The Private Secretary ' (1884), and
has been seen in revivals of ' The Merchant
of Venice' (1879), 'The Belle's Stratagem'
(1881), ' M.P.' (1S83), etc.
Beaumont and Fletcher. Francis
Beaumont (g.r.) and John Fletcher (g.w.)
appear to have become acquainted about
1607. They soon grew intimate. Aubrey
says of the former, " Tliere was a wonderfull
coiisimility of phansy between him and
Mr. Jo. Fletcher, which caused that dear-
nesse of friendship between them. . . . They
lived together on the Banke side, not far
from the playhouse, lay together . . . the
same cloaths and cloake, etc., between
them." The result of their joint labours is
to be found, according to the latest criticism,
in the following plays, of which we give the
date of publication':—' The Knight of the
Burning Pestle' (161.3), 'Cupid's Revenge'
(1615\ 'The Scornful Lady' (1616), 'The
Maid's Tragedy' (1619), 'A King and No
King ' (1619), ' Philaster ' (1620), ' Four PJays ' ■
(1647), and 'The Coxcomb' (1647). These,
and other plays which have been ascribed
at various times to the combined pens of
BEAUMONT
129
BEAUTIFUL ARMENIA
^aiimont and Fletcher, are dealt with
ider their respective headings {g.v ). The
:omedies and Tragedies ' of Beaumont and
etcher were published in folio in 1647.
odern issues of their 'Works' include
lose edited and annotated by Theobald,
ward, and Sympson (1750), by G. Colman
ul others (1778). by H. Weber (1812), by G.
arley (1840), by A. Dyce (1843-6), and by A.
. Bullen (1904). Certain of their plays were
lited for the 'Mermaid Series' by J. St.
oe Strachey (1SS7). Selected passages from
le 'Works' were published by H. Guil-
rd in 1834, Leigh Hunt in 1846, and J.
Fletcher in 1887. For criticism, see
ryden's 'Dramatic Poetry,' Schlegel's
dramatic Literature,' Hallam's 'Litera-
ire of Europe,' Lamb's ' Dramatic Poets,'
azlitt's ' Age of Elizabeth.' Leigh Hunt's
[magination and Fancy,' S, T. Coleridge's
Remains,' H. Coleridge's ' Notes and
[arginalia,' Macaulay's ' Essays.' J. M.
[ason's 'Comments on the Plays' (1798). and
. M. Mitford's ' Cursory Notes on the Text
3 edited by A. Dyce' (1856). Says A. H.
ullen : " Aubrey states, on the authority
I Earle, that Beaumont's ' main businesse
as to correct the overflowings of Mr.
letcher's witte,' and Dryden declares that
•eaumont was 'so accurate a judge of
lays' that Ben Jonson 'submitted all his
ri'tings to his censure.' Little weight can
fe attached to these statements ; but the
;age tradition that Beaumont was superior
1 judgment to Fletcher, is supported by
3und criticism. In the most important
lays they wrote together Beaumont's share
utweighs Fletcher's, both in quantity and
uality. Beaumont had the firmer hand
lid statelier manner ; his diction was more
olid ; there was a richer music in his verse,
i'letcher excelled as a master of brilliant
lalogTie and sprightly repartee ' " (' Dic-
lonary of National BiogTaphy,'lSS9). " Beau-
lont and Fletcher," writes J. A. Symonds,
i were not dramatists so much as great dra-
'latic rhetoricians. . . . Their rhetoric pos-
iessesreal charm. And, what is more, it suits
heir choice of the romantic rather than the
trictly tragic or comic method. While
eading them, we experience the pleasure
hat attends impassioned improvisation.
j . . Thought, feeling, sentiment, language,
aetre; all the elements of their art are
!uid, copious, untrammelled, poured forth
rem a richly abundant vein. But the dra-
latic tension is comparatively slack, and
he poetic touch comparatively tame. . . .
Vhat I have termed dramatic rhetoric,
s opposed to genuine dramatic poetry,
•etrayed Beaumont and Fletcher into their
tiost serious faults as playwrights. Its
rant of absolute sincerity led" them to
iolate truth, propriety, and probability,
loth in their fables and their characters.
Vhat the French writers call einphase is
or ever spoiling the effect of their most
isassionate scenes " (' In the Key of Blue,'
893). See the tributes in verse by Jasper
Jayne, Herrick, G. Daniel—
" So long as Sock or Buskin treads the Stage,
Beaumont and Fletcher shall enrich the Ago "—
A. Brome, Keats (whose ' Bards of Passion
and of Mirth ' was written on a blank page
before ' The Fair Maid of the Inn,' q.v.), and
A. C. Swinburne (Sonnet and ' In the Bay,*
xxiv.).
Beaumont, Francis. Dramatic writer,
son of Sir Francis Beaumont, Justice of the
Common Pleas ; born 15S4, died in London,
March 9, 1616 ; was admitted a gentleman-
commoner at Oxford in 1596, and in 1600
became a member of the Inner Temple, for
which, in February, 1612-13, he wrote a
' Masque.' He also wrote commendatory
poems for Jonson's 'Fox' (1605), 'Silent
Woman ' (1609), and 'Catiline' (1611). See,
further, his rhythmical 'Letter to Ben
Jonson.' His poems were published in 1640
and 1653. See G. C. Macaulay's ' Francis
Beaumont : a Critical Study ' (1883), A. B.
Grosart in the ' National Dictionary of
Biography ' (1885), and A. C. Swinburne in
the ' Encyclopaedia Britannica ; ' also, the
poetical praise of Beaumont by Ben Jonson,
T. Hey wood, G. Daniel, and Wordsworth.
See, further, Beaumont and Fletcher.
Beaumont, Mrs. De Jersey, ac-
tress, after appearing at Covent Garden,
went to America, figuring at Philadelphia
in 1810 as Isabella in the ' Fatal Marriage,'
and at New York in 1814, making her debut
in Euphrasia and Boxalana. "Her Isabella,
Madame Clermont, Jane Shore, etc., were
justly considered very superior perform-
ances " (Ireland). Among her other parts
may be named Ladi/ Macbeth, Mrs. Ilaller,
and Ladi/ Bell Bloomer (7.!?.).— Her husband,
" though her inferior as a performer, was
handsome and showy in person" (Phelps).
He made his debut in New York in 1814 as
Holla in ' Pizarro.'
Beaupre. (1) Son of Vertaigne. and
brotlier of Lamira, in Beaumont and
Fletcher's 'Little French Lawyer' (q.v.).
—This surname has been borne by a num-
ber of other characters in English plays,
notably by (2) Adrienne de Beauprd in
Leslie's 'Adrienne,' (3) the Baron da
Beaupre in Maddison Morton's 'Husband
to Order,' (4) llonore de Beaupre in Bayle
Bernard's 'Robespierre,' (5) Oscar de
Beaupre in TOM Taylor's 'Retribution,'
and (6) Claire de Beaupr6 in Pinero'S
' Ironmaster' (all of which see).
Beaurepaire, Josephine and Rose
de. The heroines of Reade's ' Double
Marriage' (q.v.).
Beauseant, the rejected lover of
Pauline, in Lytton's ' Lady of Lyons ' (q.v.),
figures also in all the travesties of that play.
Beausex, Sir Brian de. A character
in J. M. Morton's ' Rights and Wrongs of
Women' (q.v.).
Beautiful Armenia (The); or. The
Energ-y and Force of Love. A comedy
by Edmund Ball, mainly translated from
the ' Eunuch ' (q.v.) of Terence, and printed
in 1778. See Bloody Plot.
BEAUTIFUL FOR EVEPw
130
BEAUX' STRATAGEM
Beautiful for Ever. (1) A farce in
one act, by F Hay (q.v.), first performed at
the Prince of Wales's Theatre, Liverpool,
in September, 1868, with a cast including
T. Thorne, Miss Newton, and Miss Bella
Goodall. (2) A farce by G. S. Hodgson
(q.v.), brought out at the Surrey Theatre,
London, in October, 1868.
Beautiful Haidee ; or, The Sea
Nyraph and the Sallee Rovers. An
extravaganza by H. J. Byrox (g.v.), first
performed at the Princess's Theatre,
London, on April 6, 1863, with Miss M.
Oliver as the heroine. Miss Murray as Lord
Bateman, and G. Belmore as Desperado.
Beauty. A play by G. F. RowE (q.v.),
performed at Wallack's Theatre, New York,
in 1885, with Miss Agnes Thomas in the
cast.
Beauty, Tlie Birth of. See Birth
OF Beauty.
Beauty, The Masque of. See
Masque of Beauty.
Beauty, The Triumphs of. See
Triumphs of Beauty.
Beauty Abroad. A play by Clinton
Stuart (q.v.), performed in America in ISSiS.
" Beauty, alas ! where wast thou
born ? " First line of a song in Greene's
'Looking-glass for London and England'
(q.v.).
Beauty and Booty. A play by J.
D. Phillips, performed in America.
Beauty and the Beast. A nursery
tale which has been dramatized in many
forms. In 1781 there was printed a
comedy called ' The Beauty and the Mon-
ster,' translated from the French of the
Countess de Genlis. Among acted pieces
on the subject are : (1) ' Beauty and the
Beast:' a fairy extravaganza in two acts,
by J. R. Planch6 (q.v.), first performed at
Covent Garden on April 12, 1841, with
Madame Vestris as Beauty, W. Harrison as
the Beast (Prince Azor), J. Bland as Sir
Aldgate Pump, Harfey as John Quill, and
Miss Rainforth as Dressalinda ; first played
in New York at the Olympic Theatre in
1843. (2) A fairy burletta, played at the
Bowery Theatre, New York, in 1843, with
Wallack, jun., as the Beast. (3) A panto-
mime by H. J. Byron (q.v.), produced at
Covent Garden on December 26, 1862, with
Mrs. Aynsley Cook as Prince Perfect (the
Beast), and Miss L. Laidlaw as Beauty.
(4) 'The Beast and the Beauty ' (q.v), by
F. C. Burnand (q.v.). (5) ' Beauty and the
Beast : ' pantomime by E. L. Blanchard
(q.v.), Drury Lane, December, 1869. (6)
• Beauty and the Beast : ' pantomime by J.
0. Bre'nnan, Greenwich, December, 1871.
(7) ' Beauty and the Beast,' by the Brothers
Grinn (q.v.), Princess's Theatre, London,
December, 1874. (8) ' Beauty and the
Beast :' pantomime by F. AV. Green (q.v.),
Pavilion Theatre, London, December, 1877.
(9) 'Beauty and the Beast :' pantomime by
R. Walden, Park Theatre, London, De-
cember, 1879. (10) ' Beauty and the Beast .'
pantomime by J. T. Denny (q.v.), Marylebone
Theatre, December, 1884. (11) ' Beauty and
the Beast : ' pantomime by Augustus
Harris and William Yardley, Drury
Lane, December, 1890. (12) 'Beauty and
the Beast : ' a burlesque by Walter Strat-
ford, Town Hall, Buckingham, January ■
25, 1894.
Beauty and the Monster (The).
See Beauty and the Beast.
Beauty and "Virtue. A serenata per-
formed at Drury Lane in 1762.
"Beauty, arise, shew forth thy
g-lorious shining-." First line of a
song in ' The Pleasant Comedy of Patient
Grisseir (q.v.).
" Beauty clear and fair." First,
line of a song in Fletcher's 'Eldei
Brother ' (q.v.). }
Beauty in a Trance. A play by:
John Ford (q.v.), entered on the books of
the Stationers' Company in September 9,j
1653, and among the dramas destroyed by
Warburton's servant. J
Beauty in Distress. A tragedy, by'
P. Motteux (q.v.), acted at Lincoln's Inn
Fields in 1698, with Mrs. Bracegirdle as
Placentia, and other parts by Verbrugfren
Betterton, Kynaston, Mrs. Prince, Mrs
Moore, and Mrs. Barry. The play was highlj
praised by Dryden in the prologue.
Beauty of Lyons (The). See Ladi
of Lyons ; Perourou, the Bellow;
Mender.
Beauty or the Beast. A farce ii
one act by John Oxenford (q.v.), adaptec
from ' Ma Niece et Men Ours ' (q.v.), and firs
performed at Drury Lane in November, 1863
with a cast including jNIiss Rose Leclercq a;
Hetty. Among the characters are Wadding
Higgins, Wiggins, and Figgins.
Beauty the Conqueror ; or, Thi
Death of Marc Antony. The titl
given to an altered version of Sir Charle
Sedley's ' Antony and Cleopatra' (q.v.).
Beauty's Toils. A farcical comedj
n tliree acts, by Charles S. Fawcett, fir.^
performed at the Strand Theatre, Londor
December 21, 1893, with Miss Miriam Cl(
ments as Beauty, and G. Giddens, ^^
Edonin, G. Moore, H. Ross, Miss M. Whitt:
Miss A. Goward, and Mrs. Dion Boucicau:
in other parts.
Beauty's Triumph. A masque by':
DuFFET, played in private, and nrinted i
1676.
Beauval,' Horace do. The hero (
' The Poor Young Man ' (q.v.)
Beaux' Stratag-em (The). Acomed
in five acts, by George Farquhar (q.v.
first performed at the Haymarket on Marc
8, 1707, with Wilks as Archer, INIills as Aih
well, Norris as Scrub, Bo wen as Foigan
BEAUX WITHOUT BELLES
131
BECKET
ullock as Boniface, Verbruggen as Sullen,
ibber as Gibbet, Boman as Count Bellair,
een as Sir Charles Freeman, Mrs. Oldfield
< Mrs. Sullen, Mrs. Bicknell as Cherry,
id Mrs. Bradshaw as Dorinda. "This
ay." the 'Biogiaphia Dramatica' records,
■was begun and ended in six weeks,
le author labouring all the time under a
ttled illness, which carried him off during
le run of his piece." He had received £70
om Tonson for the right of printing it, in
idition to the price paid by the managers,
tie comedy was a great success. Hazlitt
laracterizes it as "the best of his plays
, a whole ; infinitely lively, bustling, and
11 of point and interest. Tlie assumed
sguise of the principal characters, Archer
id Aimiuell, is a perpetual amusement to
18 mind." The play was performed in
3bruary, 1786, with Mrs. Abington as
'.rub (q.v.). It was revived at the Hay-
arket in July, 1847, with J. B. Buckstone
I Scrub; at the Haymarket in January,
;56, with W. H. Chippendale as Sullen ;
id at the Imperial Theatre, London, in
jpteraber, 1879, with Miss Litton as Mrs.
'illen. Miss Meyrick as Dorinda, Miss C.
ddison as Cherry, Mrs. Stirling as Lady
ountlful, Lionel Brough as Scrub, W.
irren as Archer, E. F. Edgar as Aiimvell,
Ryder as Sullen, W. H. Denny as Freeman,
; Bannister as Foigard, Everill as Boniface,
lid K. Bellew as Gibbet. It was performed
;; New York in 1750 ; again, in 1767, with
;allam as Archer, Henry as Aimivell, and
:iss Hallam as Dorinda; in 1792, with
.allam as Scrub and Henry as Foigard;
;, 1793, with Hodgkinson as Archer; and
' 1841, with the Misses Cushraan as Mrs.
Men and Dorinda.
Beaux without Belles. A farce by
AVID Darling, acted at Petersburgh, Va.
Beazley, Samuel. Dramatic writer
id architect, born 17S6, died October, 1851 ;
rote a farce when only twelve years
d. His pieces for the stage include
Five Hours at Brisrhton ; or. The Board-
g House ' (1811), 'Is he Jealous?' ,(1816),
;Jld Customs' (1816), 'My Uncle' (1817),
?ire and Water' (1817), 'Jealous on all
:des' (1818), 'Philandering' (1S24) ; also,
Bachelors' Wives,' 'The Bull's Head,'
iretna Green,' ' Hints to Husbands,'
Knights of the Cross,' ' The Lottery
icket,' ' Love's Dream,' ' The Scapegrace^'
The Steward,' and the libretti of three
peras— 'The Queen of Cyprus,' 'Robert
;ie Devil,' and *La Sonnambula.' His
ork as an architect lay largely in the con-
ruction of theatres. He designed the
yceum, the St. James's, the City of London,
id two in Dublin, as well as the Strand
ontof the Adelphi and the colonnade of
,rury Lane. See the Gentleman's Magazine
<r 1829 and 1851, and Planche's 'Recollec-
ons ' (1872). Beazley, according to Planche,
suffered considerably a short time before
is decease, and, his usual spirits occasionally
Tsaking him, he one day wrote so melan-
loly a letter, that the friend to whom it
as addressed, observed, in his reply, that
it was ' like the first chapter of Jeremiah.
' You are mistaken, my dear fellow,' retorted
the wit ; ' it is the last chapter of Samuel.' "
Beazley wrote his own epitaph—
"Here lies Samuel Beazley,
Who lived hard and died easily."
Bebe. See Betsy.
Becassine, Mr. Bertrand Bag-a-
telle Beautemps. A character in C.
Selby's 'Guardian Sylph' {q.v.).
Becceley, Mrs., made her first appear-
ance in America at New York in September,
1753, as Phillis in 'The Conscious Lovers'
iq.v.). She was " the singing actress and.
soubrette " of Hallam's company.
Beclier, Lady. See O'Neill, Eliza.
Becher, Martin. Dramatic writer ;
author of 'A Crimeless Criminal,' 'A Do-
mestic Hercules,' ' In Possession,' 'Number
6, Duke Street,' ' Painless Dentistry,' ' A
Poetic Proposal,' 'Rule Britannia' "(1870),.
etc.
Beck, Mr. and Mrs. Crossley.
Characters in Stephenson and Scott's.
'Peril' {q.v.).
Becket, Andrew. Author of 'So-
crates,' a dramatic poem (1806).
Becket, Thomas, Chancellor of Eng-
land and Archbishop of Canterbury in the-
reign of Henry II., figures in a tolerably
long li.st of English dramas. (1) Of these,
the first of which there is any record is one
' Of the Impostures of Thomas Becket,' of
which Bishop Bale (g. v.) announces himself
as the author. The next is (2) the ' Henry
II.' {q.v.) of W. H. Ireland {q.v.), published
in 1799. (3) We have the 'Thomas k Becket*
{q.v.)oi Douglas Jerrold {q.v.), performed
in 1829. Next (4) comes ' Becket : a His-
torical Tragedy,' by R. Cattermole, printed
in 1832. After this we have (5) the ' Thomas-
^ Becket' {q.v.) of George Darley {q.v.),
published in 1840. (6) The ' King Henry
the Second' {q.v.) of Sir Arthur Helps
{q.v.), printed in 1843. (7) The 'Henry IL'"
of George Wightwick, published in 1851,.
(8) The ' King Henry II.' of Dr. Charles
Grindrod, which dates from 1874, though
not printed till 1883. (9) The 'St. Thomas
of Canterbury' {q.v.) of Aubrey de Vere
{q.v.), published in 1876. Finally (10). the
'Becket' of Alfred, Lord Tennyson,
printed in 1SS4. An adaptation of thi.s
work, by E. AV. Godwin, consisting mainly
of the scenes relating to Rosamond de
Clifford, was performed, under the title
of 'Fair Rosamond,' in Cannizaro Woods
Wimbledon, in the summer of 1886,
Avith Lady Archibald Campbell as Rosa-
mond, Bassett Roe as Henry II., F. H.
Macklin as Becket, Miss Maud Millett as
Margery, and Miss Genevieve Ward as
Queen Eleanor. The play itself, arranged
for representation by Sir Henry Irving, was
brought out on February 6, 1893, at the
Lyceum Theatre, London, with Sir Henry in
the title part, W. Terriss as Henry II., Miss
BECKETT
132
BEDFORD
Ellen Terry as Eosamond, Miss Genevieve
"Ward as Queen Eleanor, Miss Kate Phillips
as Margery, Master Leo Byrne as Georfrey,
W. J. Hollo way as Edivard Grim, Frank
Cooper as Sir Reginald Fitzurse, H. Howe
as Philip de Eleemosyna, etc. ; performed
in the English provinces in 1904, with H.
Irving as before, Miss M. Hackney as
Bommond, and Mrs. Cecil Raleigh as
Eleanor. It was first performed m America
at San Francisco in September, 1893, with
Sir Henry Irving in his original role.
Beckett, Harry. Comedian, born in
England ; died in London, October, 18S0 ;
son of an actress, who educated him as a
Tiolinist. He made his debut at Manchester,
where "he was a great favourite of Charles
Mathews, who, whenever any small part in
one of his pieces required to be done with
neatness and certainty, would cry, ' Where
is little Beckett ? ' " By-and-by he joined the
Exeter circuit, and thence went to Birming-
ham. In 1868 he left England for America,
first appearing in New York in ' To Obhge
Benson.' Then came a few years' varied
experience in different parts of the States,
followed by an engagement at Wallack's
Theatre. His last appearance was at the
Havmarket in 1880 as Persimmons in 'A
Bridal Tour' (g.v.). His range of parts
(wrote Brander Matthews) " extends from
burlesque to melodrama, including farce
and comedy old and new " {Scrihner's
Magazine for 1879). He was specially ex-
cellent as Tony Lumpkin, Bob Acres, Graves
(' Money '), and Mark Meddle (' London As-
:surauce''). Lawrence Hutton describes him
as "exceedingly comic, as well as refined
and artistic, in such parts as Minerva in
' Ixion,' Hassarac in ' The Forty Thieves,'
the Widoiv Twankie in 'Aladdin,' Maid
Marian in ' Robin Hood,' and Queen Eliza-
beth in ' Kenilworth,' long before he became
the established low comedian of Mr, Wal-
lack's company."
Becking-laani, Charles. Dramatic
writer, born 1699, died 1731 ; author of
•two historical tragedies (g.r.)— ' Scipio Afri-
canus' (1718) and 'Henry IV. of France'
(1719) ; also of memorial verses on Nicholas
Rowe {q.v.). See ' The Thespian Dictionary'
(1805), the 'Biographia Dramatica' (ISl'i),
and Genest's ' English Stage' (1832).
Becky Sharp. A one-act play, adapted
by J. M. Barrie from Thackeray's ' Vanity
Fair,' and first performed at Terry's Theatre,
London, on June 3, 1893, with Miss Janet
Achurch in the title part.
Bed of Roses (A). A comedietta by H.
A. Jones iq.v.), first performed at the Globe
Theatre, London, on January 26, 18S2, with
Arthur Dacre, Arthur Wood, H. Hamilton,
and Miss Goldney in the cast.
Beda. The heroine of J. M. Morton's
* Barbers of Bassora' (q-v.).
Bedamar, The Spanish Ambassador
in Otway's ' Venice Preserved' {q.v.).
Beddoes, Thomas Lovell. Dramatic
poet, born 1803, died 1849 ; author of The
Bride's Tragedy (1S22), 'Death's Jest-
Book, or the Fool's "Tragedy ' (1850), and two
dramatic fragments — "The Second Brother'
and 'Torrismond.' His 'Poems' were pub-
lished, with a memoir, in 1851, and again
in 1890, with an introduction by Edmund
Gosse. See the 'Dictionary of National
Biography' (1885), also Last Man, The;
and Love's Arrow poisoned. "Of all
the myriad poets and poeticules who have
tried to recover the lost magic of the tragic
blank verse of the Elizabethans, Beddoes," '
says Gosse, "has come nearest to success.
If it were less indifferent to human interests
of every ordinary kind, the beauty of his
dramatic verse would not fail to fascinate.
To see how strong it is, how picturesque,
how admirably fashioned, we have only to
compare it with what others have done in
the same style— with the tragic verse, for
instance, of Barry Cornwall, of Talfourd, of
Home. But Beddoes is what he himseli
has called ' a creeper into worm-holes.' He
attempts nothing personal ; he follows the
very tricks of ilarston and Cyril Tourneui
like a devoted disciple."
Bede, Adam. See Adam Bede.
Bedells, Jam.es. Actor ; low comedian
playing "on circuit" in the west of Englanc
and Channel Islands ; afterwards at Cuven
Garden and Astley's ; father of Mrs. Thoma
Barry {q.v.) and Mrs. ':;harles Calvert {q.v.)
died in America.
Bedford, Henry. Actor ; made hi
professional debut at the Surrey Theatre
and scored his first West End success a
Scum Goodman in the revival of ' Lad
Clancarty ' at the St. James's in 1637. H
has since figured in the original casts c
'As Large as Life' (1890). 'My Mothei
(1890), • The SoHcitor ' (1890), ' The Penaltj
(1890), 'Fate and Fortune' (1S91), ' H(
Oath' (1891), 'The Life we Live' (1S92
• Strathlogan ' (1892), etc.
Bedford, PaulJohn. Actor and voca
ist, born at Bath, about 1792 ; died at Che
sea, January, 1871 ; made his profession
di^hut at Swansea, and, after considerable e
perience in the English provinces, appears
in London for the first time on November
1824, at Drury Lane as Haivthorn in 'Lo
in a Village ' {q.v.) to the Rosetta of his wi
(Miss Green, died 1833). He remained
Drury Lane as singing comedian till ISc
when he migrated in the same capacity
Covent Garden, where he figured in vario
operatic representations. He began in It
that connection with the Adelphi Theat
by which he is, and always will be, be
remembered. He was the original Bluesl
in 'Jack Sheppard' (1839), Tom Codlin
Stirling's ' Old Curiosity Shop ' (1840), i
Joseph Bou'ley in ' The Chimes' (1S44), Jo'
Gong in ' The Green Bushes ' (1845), K
chin Cove in 'The Flowers of the Fore
(1847), Viscount Chateaumargaux in 'T
Marble Heart' (1S54), Glauce in Lemo
BEDLAM
133
BEERE
Medea ' (1856), Do7i Fernando in As-
riodeus' (1859), Rebonl in 'The Dead Heart'
1859), Baroti Witz in Byron's 'Nymph of
he Lurleyberg' (1859), Peter Pantile in
Vatts Phillips's 'Paper Wings' (1860),
"ootles, sen., in 'My Wife's Maid' (1864),
.^alchas in Burnand's ' Helen ' (1866), and
f^ack Longhones in ' Lost in London ' (1867).
le was also in the first cast of ' The Crown
)iamonds ' (1844), ' Mr. Webster at Home '
1853), 'Number Nip' (1854), Brough's
'. Bona-fide Travellers ' (1854), ' Lucifer
►latches ' (1856), ' Love and Hunger ' (1859),
rVatts Phillips's 'Story of '45' (1860),
Pipkin's Rural Retreat' (1866), etc,
)esides appearing in revivals of ' Victorine *
.1855), ' Valentine and Orson ' (1855), ' Wel-
■,ome. Little Stranger' (1858), 'Guy Manner-
ng ' (1859), ' Rip Van Winkle ' (1865), and
)thers. In May, 1868, at the Queen's
Theatre, London, he was the recipient of
I, " benefit," in connection with wnich he
ippeared for the last time as the Kinchin
love. For biography, see Genest's ' English
•itage ' (1832), "his own ' Recollections and
»Vanderings ' (1864), and the Era for January
.5,1871. "Paul Bedford's size and rotun-
lity, his odd utterances of slang sayings,
lis stolid imperviousness to the imper-
;inence with which in the due course
if all the dramas he Avas assailed by
Wright, made him," says Edmund Yates,
'a favourite with the Adelphi public, and
l&yQ hira a raison d'etre. He had not the
slightest claim to be considered an actor,
olayed every part in exactly the same
'ashion, had not the faintest notion of im-
personation, and vas fundamentally stupid
iind ignorant. But in his earlier days he
?ang 'Jolly Nose,' and in later years he
jaid, ' I believe you, my boy ! ' and these
lecomplishraents," with his reputed jollity,
liis social reputation for full-flavoured
inecdotes, and his position as Wright's
professional butt, carried hira successfully
■through a long life."
■ Bedlam. A burglar in Merivalb's
' He's a Lunatic ' (g.v.).
Bedloe, Captain William, who was
implicated in the Popish plots of Charles II. 's
reign, and the story of whose ' Life and
Death' was published in 16S1, is said to
have been the author of a tragedy called
l' The Excommunicated Prince ' {.q.v.).
Bedroom Window (The). A farce
in one act, by Edward Stirli.ng {q.v.), first
performed at the Olympic Theatre, London,
on March 18, 1847.
Bee and the Orang-e Tree (The).
An extravaganza by J. R. Planche (g.v.),
produced at the Haymarket at Christmas,
1845, with Tilbury as Kina Block, Hudson as
Prince Amiable, Clark as Baron Sprout, Miss
Julia Bennetc as the Princess Amy, J. Bland
as Ravagio, Miss P. Horton as the Princess
Linda, Mrs. Caulfield as Countess Kurtzeloio,
and Mrs. L. S. Buckingham as the Fairy
Trufio. The piece was first played at New
York in September, 1846, with Mrs. Timm
as Prince Amiable.
Beef Tea. An operetta, written by
Harry Greenbank, composed by Wilfrid
Bendall, and first performed at the Lyric
Theatre, London, on October 27, 1892.
Beefingrton, Milor. An English noble-
man in Canning's burlesque of ' The Rovers'
(.q.v.).
Beehive (The). A musical farce in two
acts, adapted by Dr. Millingen (q.v.) from
Pigault Le Brun's ' Riveaux d'Euxmemes,'
and composed by Horn ; first performed at
the Lyceum on January 19, 1811, with a cast
including Mathews, Wrench, Lovegrove, Mrs.
Mountain, and Miss Kelly ; played at New
York in 1811, and again in 1841, with Burton
and Miss S. Cushman in the cast. The title
is derived from the name of the inn in which
the action takes place.
Beelzebub. One of Satan's " nephews"
in E. Stirling's ' Devil's Daughters ' (q.v.) ;
also, the hero of ' Satan on Earth ' (q. v.).
Beerbohm Tree. See Tree, Beer-
BOH.M.
Beere, Mrs. Bernard (n^e Whitehead).
Actress ; made her professional debut at
the Opera Comique, London. In 1877-8
she was a member of the company at the
St. James's Theatre, where she appeared
as Emilia in ' Othello,' Lady Sneerwell in
'The School for Scandal,' Julia in 'The
Rivals,' and Grace Harkaioay in ' London
Assurance.' Her first original r6le appears
to have been that of Larhj Mantonville in
• Scandal' (q.v.), at the Royalty in 1878, in
which year she also played in old English
comedy at the Crystal Palace. To 1878-9
belongs a tour in the English provinces
with Mrs. Chippendale. On her return to
town she "created," in March, 1879, the
part of Lisa in W. S. Gilbert's 'Gretchen'
(q.v.). Since then she has been the original
representative of the following characters :
— Mrs. Douglas in ' Campaigning ' (1879),
Sangarre in 'Michael Strogoff' (1881), Ijady
Maude in ' Mimi ' (1881), Dora Steer in ' The
Promise of May' (1882), Jane Eyre in
Wills's drama (1882), Mrs. Devenish in 'Lords
and Commons ' (1883), Lena Despard in ' As
in a Looking-Glass ' (1887), the heroine of
'Ariane' (1888), and Mrs. Arbufhnot in 'A
Woman of No Importance' (1893). Mrs.
Beere has also been the original English
representative of the heroines of 'Fedora'
(1883) and 'La Tosca' (1889). Among the
other parts which she has undertaken
in London may be named Lydia Lan-
guish (1879), Lady Teazle (1879), Julia
in 'The Hunchback' (1879), Constance in
'The Love Chase' (1879), Pauline in 'The
Lady of Lyons' (1879), Julie in 'Richelieu'
(1879), Geraldine in 'Green Bushes' (1880),
Princess de Botnllon in ' Adrienne Lecou-
vreur ' (1881), Bathsheha in ' Far from the
Madding Crowd' (1882), Jjadt/ Ormond in
' Peril ' (1884), Julia in ' The Rivals ' (1884),
Countess Zicka in 'Diplomacy' (1884), Pe7
Woffington in 'Masks and Faces' (1888),
Mrs. Sternhold in ' Still AVaters ' (1889). and
Lady Gay Spanker (1890). In 1892-3 Mrs.
BEESTON
134
BEGGAR'S OPERA
Beere gave some performances in Australia
and America, her d4but in the United States
being made in November, 1892, at the
Manhattan Opera House, New York, as
Josephine Eve-Allen in 'The Fringe of
Society ' (q.v.)-
Beeston, "Williani, actor, was for some
Years at the head of "the Queen's Players"
—a post he resigned in 1637 to undertake
the charge and instruction of a company of
juvenile performers, called " The King's and
Queen's Young Company." We read that,
about 1640, he received official authority
"to continue the house called Salisbury
Street Playhouse " as a playhouse.
Beeswing-. (1) Landlord of an hotel in
C. Selby'S ' Hour at Seville ' (q.v.). (2) A
character in DOUGLAS Jerrold's ' Wedding
Gown' (q.v.). (3) A servant in Watts
Phillips's 'Paul's Return' (g.i;.). — (4)
BacchiLS Beeswing, in Shirley Brooks's
'Daughter of the Stars' (q.v.), is a butler.
(5) Charles Bcesiving, in ' Taming a Tiger '
\q.v.), is a " traveller in wines."
Beethoven. A drama in one act, by
GusTAV Hein, Her Majesty's Opera House,
Aberdeen, October 17, 1879. (2) 'Beet-
hoven's Romance : ' a play in four acts, by
Susie Raphael, RoyaltyTheatre, London,
December 1, 1894. See Adelaide.
Beetle. (1) The name of an alderman
and his daughter in Douglas Jerrold's
'Beau Nash' (q.v.). (2) Jereviiah Beetle
figures in ToM Taylor'S 'Babes in the
Wood' (q.v.).
Before Breakfast. A farce by R. B.
Peake (q.v.), first performed, with music by
John Barnett, at the Lyceum Theatre,
London, in 1825, with Jlathews as Trefoil,
Keeley as John, Bartley as Sir Wm. Buffer,
and Miss Boden as Fanny. It was pla'yed
at New York in May, 1827.
Before the Da-wn. A play in one act,
by Henry Byatt, Opera Comique Theatre,
London, April 15, 1895.
Before the Mast. A nautical drama
in four acts, by Fred. W. Broughton,
Olympic Theatre, London, INIarch 8, 1884.
Beg-g-ar my Neig-hbour; or, A
Hog'ue's a i'ool. A comedy in three acts,
by T. Morton (q.v.) ; founded in part on
Iffland's ' Nephew,' and performed at the
Haymarket on July 10, 1802, with a cast in-
cluding C. Kemble, Suett, Emery, Fawcett,
Mrs. Mountain, etc. (2) ' Beggar my Neigh-
bour : a Blind Man's BoufJe :' an operetta,
adapted by F. C Burnand from ' Les Deux
Aveugles' (q.v.), and first performed at the
Gallery of Illustration, London, March 28,
1870, by T. German Reed and Arthur Cecil.
Beg-g-ar of Bethnal Green (The).
See Beggar's Daughter of Bethnal
Green.
Beg-g-ar of Brussels (The). A play
by J. B. BUCKSTONE (q.v.).
Beg-g-ar of Crippleg-ate (The). A
play by W. T. Moncriefe (q-v.).
Beg-g-ar on Horseback (The). A
farce in two acts, by John O'Keefe (q.v.),
first performed at the Haymarket on June
16, 1785, with Edwin as Corny Buttercup,
Parsons as Codger, Bannister, jun.,as Horace,
Baddeley as Cosey, R. Palmer as Scout, Mrs.
Webb as Mrs. Mummery, and Mrs. Wells
as Nancy Buttercup. Codger falls in love
with Nancy, and consequently allows her
brother Corny (the beggar on horseback) to
take great liberties with him and his house-
hold. Mrs. Mummery is a strolling actress.
(2) ' A Beggar on Horseback : ' a comedy
in five acts, by Robert Sulivan (q.v.), tirst
performed at the Haymarket on March 21,
1846, with Webster as Simon Foxall, W
Farren as Morecraft, T. F. Mathews as
Baggs, Clark as Spavin, H. Widdicomb as
Jolt, and other parts by H. Holl, J. Bland,
Brindal, Mrs. Glover, Mrs. Seymour, and
Miss Julia Bennett.
Beg;g-ar- Student (The). A comic
opera in four acts, music by Carl Millocker,
libretto by W. Beatty-Kingston, first per-
formed (in England) at the Alhambra,
Theatre, London, on April 12, 1884, with
Miss Fannie Leslie in the title part (Simon
Bomanovich), H. Hallam as Conrad, F.
Mervin as General Ollendorf, Aynsley Cook as
,%/ma_p2JS, Miss Marion Hood as Laura, Miss
Irene Verona as Stephania, and Miss Madgf
Stavart as Countess Paltnatica, the cast in^
eluding also ]Miss Marie Williams, Miss
Alma Stanley, and Miss Emily Duncan
The opera was performed in the Englisl
provinces in 1884, B. Davies being the Simon ,
J. Wilson the Conrad, G. H. Snazelle th»
Ollendorf, Miss Georgina Burns the Laura
Miss Bensburg the Stephania. and Mis.
Marian Burton the Countess ; and again ii
1886, with Miss Lucy Franklein, H. Bracy
J. Child, and F. Mervin ; also at W' allack'
Theatre, New York, in July, 1887.
Beg-g-ar's Daug-hter of Bethna
Green (The). A comedy in three (?) act;
by J. Sheridan Knowles (q.v.), first pei
formed at Drury Lane on November 22, 182!
with Aitken as the beggar (^Albert), Miss I
Tree as Bess (his daughter), Mrs. Knight 8
Elizabeth (his wife). Cooper as Lord Wil/ori
Vining as Lord Willoughby, W. Farren as ol
Small, Harley as young Small, Liston £
Peter,^lrs. Faucit as Queen Elizabeth, IMrs.(
Jones as the Hostess, and INIrs. Orger as Kat
The prologue was written by Charles Laml
The play was afterwards altered, rechri
tened ' The Beggar of Bethnal Green,' ar
performed at the Victoria Theatre, Londoi
in 1834, with the author as Lord Wilfor
]\Iiss Jar man as Bess, INIiss P. Horton ;
Kate, Mrs. Egerton as the Queen, Abbott ;
young Small, and Chippendale as Strap.
was tirst produced at New York in Decei
ber of the same year, with the author in tl
above-named part. See Blind Beggar (
Bethnal Green.
Begrgar's Opera (The). A drama!
piece in three acts, written by JOHN G.
in prose, with sixty-nine brief lyrics, adapt
BEGGAR'S OPERA
BEGGAR'S OPERA
^y Dr. Pepusch) to popular airs. Offered
to and rejected by Gibber (for Drury Lane),
it was accepted for production by John
Rich, and first performed at Lincoln's Inn
Fields on January 29, 1728, with Chapman
as the Beggar, who is supposed to be the
author of the piece, and Milward as the
Player, with whom, in the introduction, he
holds colloquy ; with Hippisley as Peachum
(a receiver of stolen goods), Mrs. Martin as
Mrs. Peachum (his wife), and Miss Lavinia
Fenton as Polly (their daughter) ; Hall as
Lockit (a jailor), and Mrs. Egleton as Lucy
Lockit (his daughter) ; and Walker as Mac-
heath (captain of a gang of robbers). The
robbers themselves were represented thus—
Filch, by Clark ; Jemmy Tmtcher, by H.
'Bullock ; Robin of Bagshot, by Lacy ; Mat
of the Mint, by Spiller ; Ben Budge, by
Morgan. Of the "women of the town"
who complete the 2'ersonce, Mrs. Martin was
Diana Trapes ; Mrs. Holiday, Mrs. Coaxer ;
[Mrs. Rice, Mrs. Vixen ; Mrs' Clarke, Jenny
[Diver ; Mrs. Morgan, Mrs. Slammekin. The
piece was intended both as a "skit" upon
the methods of Italian opera and as a social
and political satire. In the introduction
.the Beggar says: "I have introduced the
similes that are in all your celebrated
operas : the Swallow, the Moth, the Bee,
the Ship, the Flower, etc. Besides, I have a
prison scene, which the ladies always reckon
charmingly pathetic. As to the parts, I
have observed such a nice impartiality to
our two ladies, that it is impossible for either
of them to take offence [an allusion to the
feud between Cuzzoni and Faustina in 1727].
... I hope I may be forgiven that I have
not made my opera throughout unnatural
like those in vogue ; for I have no recitative.
Throughout the whole piece you may ob-
serve such a similitude of manners in high
Kind low life, that it is difficult to determine
[whether (in the fashionable vices) the fine
jgentlemen imitate the gentlemen of the
road, or the gentlemen of the mad the fine
gentlemen." "No one," says Gay's latest
editor (1893), " could fail to see that Robin
[of Bagshot was designed to represent Sir
Robert Walpole's unrefined manners, con-
vivial habits, and alleged robbery of the
public. Macheath was provided with both
a wife and a mistress, to indicate to the
public that Lady Walpole had a rival in
Miss Skerrett." In Spence's ' Anecdotes '
[Pope is represented as giving the following
laccount of the origin of the piece : "Dr. Swift
.had been observing once to Mr. Gay what an
odd pretty sort of thing a Newgate Pastoral
might make. Gay was inclined to try such
^a thing for some time ; but afterwards
[thought it would be better to write a comedy
[on the same plan. This was what gave rise
to 'The Beggar's Opera.' He began on it ;
and when he first mentioned it to Swift,
the doctor did not much like the project.
As he carried it on, he showed what he
wrote to both of us, and we now and then
gave a correction or a word or two of
advice, but it was wholly of his own -wTiting."
" Quin,'' says Genest, " had so happy an ear
for music, and was so famous for singing
with ease a common ballad or catch, that
Gay was persuaded to offer him the part of
Macheath ; but after a short trial he gave
it up, from despair of acquitting himself
with the dissolute gaiety and Lold'vigour of
deportment necessary to the character. It
was then given to Walker ; and the ease
and gaiety with which he acted Macheath
established his reputation." At the first re-
presentation " everybody concerned was in
fear as to the ultimate fate of the play. Quin
afterwards said that it was long in a dubious
state ; that there was a disposition to damn
it, and that it was saved by the song, ' Oh,
ponder well ! be not severe.' " In one of
the notes to 'The Dunciad'we read: "It
was acted in London sixty-three [sixty-
two] days uninterrupted [save for actors'
benefit performances], and received the next
season with equal applause. It spread into
all the gi-eat towns of England. . . . It made
its progress into Wale>;, Scotland, and Ire-
land. . . , The ladies carried about with them
the favourite songs of it in fans, and houses
were furnished with it in screens. The
person who acted Polly, till then obscure,
became all at once the favourite of the town.
Furthermore, it drove out of England (for
that season) the Italian opera, which had
carried all before it for ten years." "The
total sura realized by the initial set of per-
formances was," says Gay's latest editor,
"£5351 15.?. Of this Gay received for four
author's nights— the third, sixth, ninth, and
fifteenth— £G93 13s. e>d. He sold the copy-
right of the opera (together with that of
the ' Fables ') for ninety guineas, and con-
sequently made in all nearly eight hundred
f)onnds." It was said of the piece that it
lad made " Gay rich and Rich gay." Rich
might well be jubilant, for his profits
amounted to £4000. The opera was acted by
children at Dublin in 1727 and at Lincoln's
Inn Fields in 1729. It was revived at Drury
Lane in 1738, with Beard as Macheath,
Macklin as Peachum, Mrs. Clive as Polly,
and Mrs. Pritchard as Lucy ; at Covent
Garden in 1745, with Mrs. Clive as Lucy ;
at Drury Lane in 1747, with Mrs. Gibber as
Polly ; at the Haymarket in 1767, with Berry
as Macheath, Shuter as Peachum, Bannister
as Mat, and Mrs. Dancer as Polly ; at Drury
Lane in 1777, with Baddeley as Lockit and
Mrs. Baddeley as Polly ; at'the Haymarket
in 1781 [under the management of Colman],
with the male characters by women, and
the female by men— Mrs. Cargill as Mac-
heath, Mrs. Lefevre as Peachum, Mrs. Webb
as Lockit, Mrs. Wilson as Filch, Bannister
as Polly, Edwin as lAicy, Wewitzer as Diana
Trapes, etc. ; at the same theatre, under
the same conditions, in 1784, with Mrs.
Wells as Macheath and Mrs. Inchbald as
Ben; at Covent Garden in 1788, with
Bannister as Macheath, Blanchard as Filch,
Mrs. Billington as Polly, Mrs, Abington
as Lucy; at the Haymarket in 1791 (for a
benefit), with Mrs. Edwards as Blacheath,
Johnstone as Lucy, Wewitzer as Mrs. Vixen,
Bannister, jun., as Mrs. Slammekin; at
Covent Garden in 1796 (for a benefit), with
Incledon as Macheath, Munden as Peachum,
BEGGARS PANTOMIME
136
BEHIND THE CURTAIN
Mrs. Martyr as Filch, Fawsett as Lucy, and
:Mrs. Davenport as Mrs. Peachum ; at Covent
Garden in 1813, with Miss Stephens as Polly ;
at Covent Garden in 1816, for Mathews' bene-
fit, with the beneficiaire as Machcath ; at the
Lyceum in the same year, with Miss Kelly
as Lxicy and Miss L. Kelly as Polly ; at the
Haymarket in 1820, with Mdme. Vestris as
Macheath, Terry as Peachum, and Mrs. C.
Kerable as Lucy [twelve performances] ; at
Drury Lane in the same year, "with an
additional scene," representing Marylebone
Gardens as they were about 1728 [Macheath
is betrayed here instead of in a tavern] ;
at the Lyceum in 1821, with Miss Forde
as Polly; at St. James's in 1836-7, with
Braham as Macheath, Miss Rainforth as
Polly, Strickland as PeacMim, and J. P.
Harley as Filch ; at the Lyceum Theatre in
1840 ; at the Lyceum in 1848, with Mdme.
Vestris as Lucy, Miss Fitzwilliam as Polly,
W. H. Harrison as Macheath, Harley as
Filch, F. Matthews as Peachum, Granby as
Lockit, and Mrs. C Jones as Mrs. Peachum ;
at the Strand in 1853, with ]\Irs. Howard
Paul as Lucy, Miss Rebecca Isaacs as Polly,
Leffler as Macheath, and Harrison as 3[at of
the Mint ; at the Marylebone in 1853 ; at the
Haymarket in 1854 ; at Sadler's Wells in
1858; at the Gaiety in 1870, with Beverley
as Macheath, Miss C. Loseby as Polly, Miss
A. Tremaine as Lucy, Aynsley Cook as
Mat, J. D. Stoyle as Filch, and T. INIaclean
as Peachuvi ;' at the Alexandra Palace,
London, in 1876, with Wilfred Morgan
as Machcath, T. A. Palmer as Peachum, G.
Fox as Mat, Miss Annie Goodall as Lucy,
Miss Everard as Mrs. Peachum, and Mdme.
Cave-Ashton as Polly. The piece has been
performed in England of late years with J.
Sims Reeves as Macheath. There is record
of its being produced in Edinburgh in 1733,
and it was represented at the Nassau Street
Theatre, New York, in December, 1750, with
Thomas Kean as Macheath. A burlesque of
it, written by Hubert Jay Morice and
called 'The Beggar's Uproar,' was brought
out at the Surrey Theatre, London, in May,
1870. See Macheath and Polly.
Beg-g-ar's Pantomime (The). See
Beggar's Opera.
Beg-gar's Petition (The); or, A
Father's Love and a Mother's Care.
A drama in three acts, by G. Dibdin Pitt
Cq.v.), first performed at 'the City Theatre,
London, on October 18, 1841, with Shepherd
as Robert Brightwell (the beggar), H. Widdi-
comb as Jemmy Links, INIrs. Shepherd as
Mrs. Brightwell and Mrs. E. Yarnold as
Jane Brightwell.
Beg-g-ar's TTproar (The). See
Beggar's Opera.
Beg-g-ar's "Wedding- (The). A ballad
opera in three acts, by Charles Colley
{q.v.), first performed at Dublin and after-
wards (in I'? 29) at the Haymarket. Reduced
to one act, and entitled 'Phebe,' it was
played at Drury Lane in July, 1729, with
Briilgewater as Chaunter, Cibber, jun., as
Cant, Fielding as Justice (Quorum, Miss
Raftor as Phebe, Mrs. Roberts as Hunter.
*' Chaunter is the king of the beggars.
Hunter is his reputed son ; Phebe is the re-
puted daughter of Quorum. Hunter and
Phebe are mutually in love. Hunter turns
out to be Quorum's son. Quorum says
Phebe is not his daughter, and consents to
her union with Hunter. The Beggar's Wed-
ding is then celebrated. Grigg is the
bridegroom, and Tib Tatter the bride"
(Genest).
Beg-g-ars' Bush (The). A tragi-
comedy, first printed in 1647. Though the
scene is laid in Flanders, the play is named
after a well-known tree, called the "Beggars'
Bush," situated on the road between Hun-
tingdon and Coxton. It is ascribed by
Dyce to John Fletcher, and by Fleay to
John Fletcher (g.v.) and Philip Mas-
singer {q.v.). The latter favours 1615 as
the date of its first performance ; the
former, 1622. Langbaine speaks of having
seen it acted several times with applause,
and Downes mentions it as having been i
revived between 1663-1682, Slightly altered, |
and with the title of ' The Royal Merchant,*
it was played at Drury Lane in 1705, with I
a cast including Wilks, Mills, Bullock, Est- I
court, Norris. Mrs. Cox, and Mrs. Rogers.
In 1767 the piece was once more " adapted"
and produced again, as 'The Royal Merchant,*
at Covent Garden as a comic opera, witbl
Mattocks, Bensley, Shuter, Yates, and Mrs. i
Mattocks in the cast. Altered once more»
by the Hon. — Kinnaird, and entitled 'Thai
Merchant of Bruges,' the piece was performed
at Drury Lane in December, 1815, with K(
as Goswin (Florez), Munden as Vandunk
Oxberry as Higgin, Harley as Prigg, HoUant
as Clause (Gerrard), Mrs. Horn as Gertrude\
(Bertha), and Miss L. Kelly as Jaculin.
Begrone Dull Care ; or, How-
it End P A comedy in five acts, by
Reynolds (q.v.), first performed at Cover
Garden on February 9, 1808, with Lewis
Modern, Miss Smith as Selina, Pope as
Arthur St. Albyn, Brunton as Danvers. and
other parts by Emery, C. Kemble, Fawcett
and Mrs. Davenport ; first played at Nei
York in November of the same year.
Begnm (The). An opera byREGiNAl
DE Koven (q.v.).
"Behave Pratty." See Ashfiei
Farmer.
Behind a Mask. A comedy in thr
acts, by Bernard H. Dixon and Artht
Wood (q.v.), first performed at the Royalt
Theatre, London, on March 8, 1871, wlf
Miss H. Hodson. Miss Rachel Sanger, Arthi
Wood (as a country theatrical manager!
Alfred Bishop, C. Flockton, and F. Se
mour in the cast.
Behind the Curtain. A drama
four acts, by George Roberts (q.v.), fir
performed at the Holborn Theatre, Londoi
on April IS, 1870, with a cast including Jl
Billington (5o6 Olive), Arthur Wood(Famp)|
J. C. Cowper, W. Mclntyre, Miss De
borough, etc.
BEHIND THE SCENES
137
BELFILLE
Behind tlie Scenes ; or, Actors by
Laniplig:h.t. A "serio-comic burlesque
burletta" in one act, by Charles Selby
(q.v.), first performed at the Strand Theatre,
London, on September 12, 1839, with the
author as Goosequill, Oxberry as Mr.
Spooney Negus, G. Cooke as Wiggles, Mrs.
Selby as Mrs. St. Clair. (2) ' Behind the
Scenes : ' a farcical comedy in three acts,
adapted by Felix Morris (7. r.) from 'Le
P^re de la Debutante ' (q.v.), and first per-
formed at Brooklyn, U.S.A., on February
25, 1895, with the author as Achille Talma
Dufard; produced at the Comedy Theatre,
London, on the afternoon of July 4, 1896, as
the work of F. MORRIS and G. P. Hawtrey.
Behind Time. A farce in one act, by
B. Webster, jun. iq.v.), first performed at
the Adelphi on December 26, 1865, with
J, L. Toole as Jeremiah Fluke.
Behn, Aphra, dramatic and miscel-
laneous writer, was the daughter of John
Johnson, a barber, and was baptized (as
"Ayfara") at Wye, Kent, in July, 1640.
When a child she went to live with her
parents at Swinani, where she became ac-
quainted with Oronooko {q.v.), the Indian
chief whom she subsequently made the hero
of a prose romance. About 1650 she returned
to England, where she married, shortly af ter-
wards, a merchant named Behn, who died
before 1G66. Later came a visit to the Low
Countries on secret Government business,
for which, apparently, she received no re-
compense. Certain it is that, from this
time, she devoted herself to a literary career.
She had already had some experience of
Court life, and she now cultivated the ac-
quaintance of persons connected with the
Theatre, notably Edward Kavenscroft, "with
whom," says Edmund Gosse, " there is
reason to believe that her relations were
very close." The first play slie wrote was a
tragedy in verse, ' The Young King,' adapted
from a French story. The play by her which
first saw the footlights was 'The Forc'd
Marriage' {q.v.), produced in 1671. After
this came, in succession, 'The Amorous
Prince' (1671), 'The Dutch Lover' (1673),
' Abdelazer' (1676), 'The Rover' (1677), ' The
Debauchee' (1677), 'The Town Fop '(1677),
'Sir Patient Fancy' (1678), a continuation
of 'The Rover* (16S1), 'The Roundheads'
(1682), ' The City Heiress ' (1682), ' The False
Count' (16S2), 'The Lucky Chance' (1687),
and ' The Emperor of the Moon ' (1687), all of
which see. She died in April, 16S9, and after
her decease two more dramatic pieces bv her
appeared— ' The Widow Ranter' {q.v.) (pro-
duced 1690), and ' The Younger Brother ' {q.v.)
(printed 1696). To the latter a short memoir
of her was prefixed. Her poems had been
collected in 1684, and her novels (with a
memoir) in 1698. Her plays were brought
together in printed form in 1702. "Her
genius and vivacity," says Edmund Gosse,
'' were undoubted ; her plays are very coarse,
but very lively and humorous, while she
possessed an indisputable touch of Ivric
genius "('Dictionary of National Biography,
18 i5). See Agnes de Castro ; Astr^ea.
Bel Demonic. A " love story," in four
acts, by John Brougham {q.v.), founded
on ' L'Abbaye de Castro,' and first per-
formed at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on
October 81, 1863, with the author as Cardinal
Montalto, Fechter as Angela, Emery as Re-
nuccio, G. Jordan as Coimt Campireali, Miss
K. Terry as Lena, and other parts by F.
Charles, Miss Elsworthy, etc. ; first per-
formed in America at Niblo's Garden, New
York, May 17, 1864, with Felicita Vestvali
as Angela and Rose Eytinge as Lena. 'Bel
Demonio ' is the name assumed by Angela
when he puts himself at the head of a band
of Zingari, with the view of enforcing his
claim to the hand of Lejia (daughter of
Campireali). He is thought to be plebeian,
but is really of noble birth, and, in the end,
carries off his lady-love from the midst
of a multitude of dangers. See Broken
Vow, The.
Belarius, in 'CjTnbeline' {q.v.), is a
British nobleman and soldier, who, being
wrongly banished, in revenge steals the
king's sons {Guideiius and Arviragus), but
in the end surrenders them.
Belasco, David. Dramatic writer;
author of 'La Belle Russe' (1886), 'The
Heart of Maryland ' (1S95), and other pieces ;
also, co-author, with H. C. De Mille, of
' The Senator's Wife ' (1S92) and ' Man and
Woman ' (1898), and, with Franklyn Fvles,
of ' The Girl I Left Behind me ' (1893). ' See
Lost Paradise.
Belavoir. The Prince in Planch6's
' Discreet Princess' {q.v.).
Belch, Sir Toby. Uncle of Olivia in
•Twelfth Night '(r^.r.).
Belchier, Daubridfcourt, who took
hisB.A. degree at Oxford in 1600, afterwards
settled in the Low Countries, and died there
in 1621, translated from the Dutch the
dramatic piece entitled ' Hans Beer-Pot, his
Invisible Comedie of See me and See me
Not' (1618). See Wood's 'Fasti Oxoni-
enses ' (1721), Whincop's ' List of Dramatic
Poets ' (1747), 'Biographia Dramatica' (1812X
and ' Dictionary of National Biography '
(1885).
Belcore, Sergeant, figures in all the
English versions, adaptations, and bur-
lesques of ' L'Elisir d'Amore ' {q.v.).
Belcour, in Cumberland's 'West In-
dian' {q.v.), is the son of Stockwell and the
adopted son of Mr. Belcour. William Lewis
{q.v.) was so successful in this part that he
became known as "Belcour Lewis." (2)
Eustache Belcour, in W. E. Suter's ' First
Love ' {q.v.), has been the betrothed of
Camille.
Beleses. A soothsayer and satrap in
Byron's ' Sardanapalus ' {q.v.).
Belfield. The name of " the brothers"
in Cumberland's play so called {q.v.).
Belfille, Mrs. Actress ; made her first
appearance at Hull as Lady Paragon, and in
1784 " played a good line of business in the
BELFORD
138
BELLA
Norwich company." She represented Be-
linda in ' All in the Wrong ' at Covent
Garden in 1786, performed for a season at
York, and died in 17S7.
Belford. (1) Major Belford, in Colman
sen.'s 'Deuce is in him' (q.v.), is engaged to
Mdlle. Florival (q.v.). (2) Philip and Hetty
Belford are characters in BUCHANAN'S
' Clarissa Harlow e ' (q.v.),
Belford, "Williara Rowles. Actor,
born near Bristol, lS2i ; died June 2, 1881 ;
began his professional career in 1847, at the
Theatre Royal, Glasgow, as Sir Thomas
Clifford in ' The Hunchback ' (q.v.), and, after
some experience in the provinces, joined
Phelps's company at Sadler's AVells, London,
in 1851, starting as Sir Charles Cropland in
"The Poor Gentleman' (q.v.). Among the
parts played by him at this theatre were
lAtcius in 'Timon of Athens '(1S5G), Lucentio
in 'The Taming of the Shrew ' (1856), Fabian
in 'Twelfth Night' (1857), Guiderius in
'Cymbeline' (1857), Brush in 'The Clandes-
tine INIarriage ' (1857), and Darnley in ' The
Hypocrite' (1S5S). We find him in 1S61
playing the King in ' Hamlet ' with the
Keans at Dniry Lane. In the following
year he " created" at the Strand the part of
Dundreary in Oxenford's ' Sam's Arrival '
iq.v.), and at the same theatre in 1865 he
was the original Mr. Bubble in ' One Tree
Hill ' (q.v.). Among his other original roles
may be mentioned Caderousse in 'Monte
Cristo ' (1868), Higglei in Burnand's ' Morden
Grange' (1SC9), Sir John Ilartington in
"Twixt Axe and Crown' (1870), Randall
in 'Randall's Thumb' (1871), William in
Richards' ' Cromwell ' (1872), and Old Nolle-
kins in 'Old London' (1873). In 1874-5. at
the Gaiety, he played Mr. Page in 'The
Merry Wives of Windsor ;' and in 1876 toured
in the English provinces as Henry VIII.
For occasional criticisms on his perform-
ances, see Button Cook's ' Nights at the Play.'
Belforest. Husband of Levidulcia in
TOURNEUR'S ' Atheist's Tragedy ' (q.v.).
Belfour, Hug-o John. Clergyman,
born 1802, ordained 1S26, died 1827 ; pub-
lished, under the pseudonym of "St. John
Dorset," two five-act tragedies, entitled re-
spectively ' The Vampire ' (1821) and ' Monte-
zuma ' (1822).
Belgravia. A character in Planche's
* New Haymarket Spring Meeting ' (q.v.).
Believe as you List. A comedy by
Philip Massinger (q.v.), licensed in May,
1631, and entered at Stationers' Hall in
September, 1653, and June, 1660. This was
one of the plays destroyed by Warburton's
servant.
Belinda. (1) "An affected lady" in
CONGREVE's 'Old Bachelor' (q.v.). (2) A
girl in Tayerner'S ' Artful Husband' (q.v.),
M'ho masquerades as Sir 3Iodish Pert. (3)
Niece of Lady Brute in Vanbrugh's 'Pro-
voked \\'ife ' (q v.). (4) Daughter of 3[r.
Blandford in Murphy's ' All in the Wrong.'
(5) The heroine of T. HOOK'S ' Soldier's
Return ' (q.v.). (6) The heroine of J. Oxen-
ford's ' Rape of the Lock ' (q.v.). (7) The
heroine of W S. Gilbert's ' Engaged ' (q.v.\
(8) The "slavey" in Byron's 'Our Boys'
(q.v.).
Belisarius. (1) A tragedy by W.
Philips (q.v.), founded on history, and first
performed at Lincoln's Inn Fields on Aprill4,
1724, with Boheme as the hero, Mrs. Brett
as Almira, Mrs. Parker as Valeria, Ryan as
Justinian, Quin as Hermogenes, etc. (2) A
tragedy ascribed to J. P. Kemble (q.v.), per-
formed at Hull in 1778 and at York in 1779.
(3) A tragedy by H. Downman, M.D., per-
formed at Exeter, and printed in 1786 and
1792. (4) A scene from a play of this name
appeared in ' The Oracle ' in October 17,
1795. (5) A tragedy, in five acts and in
verse, by Mrs. Faugeres, not acted, but
published in America in 1795.
Beliza. A character in Mrs. Cent-
livre's ' Love at a Venture' (q.v.).
Bell, (1) Jessie Bell is a country girl
in Halliday's 'Daddy Grey' (q.v.) (2)
Nelly Bell is the heroine of H. T. Craven's •
'Our Nelly' (q.v.). (3) Baron Billy and-
Lady Nancy Bell are characters in F. C. '
Burnand's 'Lord Level and Lady Nancy
BeW(q.v.).
Bell, Archibald. Sheriff-depute of Ayr-
shire, born 1755, died 1854 ; published in 1841
two tragedies in verse, entitled * Count Cler-
mont' and ' Caius Toranius.'
Bell, Mrs. Hug-h. Dramatic writer:
author of ' A Chance Interview ' (1SS9). ' A
Lost Thread ' (1890), ' Time is Money ' (1890)
' A Joint Household ' (1891), ' Nicholson'^
Niece' (1892), The Masterpiece' (1893)
' Jerry-Builder Solness ' (1893), ' In a Tele
graph Office' (1893), 'The Great Illusion
(1895). ' The Bicycle ' (1S96) ; also, co-author
with C H. E. Brookfield, of 'An Under
ground Journey ' (1893) ; and translator o
'Karin'(1892).
Bell, Minnie. Actress and dramati
writer ; Avas in the original casts c
' Estranged ' (1881), ' Bad Boys ' (18S5), ' Th
Other Little Lord Fondleboy' (1887), etc
as well as in those of the following piece.'
adapted by herself—' Is Madame at Home'
(1887), 'The Gavotte' (1890), and 'Lad
Browne's Diary ' (1892).
Bell, Peter. See Peter Bell th
W^aggoner.
Bell, Robert. Dramatic and misce
laneous writer, born at Cork 1800, died 1867
author of three comedies, entitled ' Marriagi
(1842), ' Mothers and Daughters ' (1843), an
' Temper' (1847) (q.v.); and two other dr;
matic pieces — ' Double Disguises' an
' Comic Lectures ; ' and editor of a voluiE
of ' Songs from the Dramatists.'
Bell in Campo. A tragedy in t\i,
parts, by Margaret, Duchess of Ne'^
CASTLE (q.v.) ; never acted, but printed wit,
her other works in 1662.
Bella, in Robertson's 'School' (q.v\
is a young governess, in love with Lo\
Beaufoy (q.v.).
BELLA'S BIRTHDAY
139
BELLAMY
Bella's Birthday. A farce by C H,
Stephenson ; Princess's Theatre, London,
January 9, 1873.— 'Bella's Intended:' a
comedietta by Edward Rose ; Alexandra
Theatre, Liverpool, October 15, 1S83.
Belladonna; or,TlieLittleBeauty
and the Great Beast. An opera in
three acts, music by Alfred Cellier, libretto
by Alfred Thompson, first performed at
Prince's Theatre, Manchester, on April 27,
1878, with a cast including Mdme. Selina Do-
laro, Federici, F. Marshall, A. Roberts, etc.
Bellafront, in Dekker's ' Honest
Whore' (q.v.), is, says Hazlitt, "a most in-
teresting character. It is an extreme, and
I am afraid, almost an ideal case. She gives
the play its title, turns out a true penitent,
that is, a practical one, and is the model of
an exemplary wife."
Bellair, in Etherege's 'Man of Mode'
(q.v.), was probably intended by the author
as a piece of self-portraiture. Bellair is the
name also of characters in (2) Mrs. Cent-
livre'S 'Love at a Venture' (q.v.) and (3)
Mrs. Cowley's ' More "Ways than One' (q.v.).
Bellamente. Husband of Clariana in
Shirley's ' Love's Cruelty ' (q.v.).
Bellamine, in Smythe's 'Rival Modes'
(q.v.), is in love Avith Melissa (q.v.).
Bellamira her Dream; or, The
Love of Shadows. A tragi-comedy in
two parts, by Thomas Killigrew (q.v.),
printed with the rest of his works in 1(564.
(2) ' Bellamira ; or, The Mistress : ' a
comedy by Sir Ch.vrles SedleyC^'.v.), acted
"by their Majesties' servants " at the "Theatre
Royal in 1687. The scene is laid in London,
but the characters and plot are adapted
from the ' Eunuch ' of Terence. ' ' The parts
of Lionel, Eustace, Pisqnil, and Silence
correspond to those of Chcerea, Chremes,
Dorus,andDorias. Daiifjer field a.nd Smoothly
are Thraso and Gnatho. Phaedria is turned
into Keepwell, a comic character. In the
part of Thais, as Bellamira, the author . . .
seems to have had his eye on the Duchess
of Cleveland." "He represents her as an
Imperious mistress, who governs and jilts
her keeper " (Genest). Merryman is largely
identical with Parmeno, and, as a very fat
man, is contrasted with Cunningham, who is
very thin. (3) 'Bellamira; or. The Fall of
Tunis : ' a tragedy by Shiel, first performed
atCovent Garden on April 22, ISIS, with Miss
O'Neill as the heroine, C. Kemble as Man-
fredi, Macready as Amurath, Young as
Montalto, and Terry as Salerno ; first played
at New York in the same year, with George
Bartley as Montalto and Mrs. G. Bartley as
Bellamira. Bellamira is the daughter of
Montalto (governor of Tunis) and the wife of
Manfredi (a Neapolitan nobleman). She
falls into the hands of Amnrath, a renegade,
who has superseded Montalto ; but is saved
by Tunis being captured by the Spaniards.
Eellamonde ; or, The King's
Aveng-er. A drama in a prologue and
three acts, by Edward Towers (q.v.) ; Pa-
vilion Theatre, London, November 15, 1879.
I Bellamy, Daniel. Miscellaneous Avriter,
i born 1687 ; author of ' Love Triumphant : a
j Pastoral Drama for Schools,' and some other
dramatic pieces for young people, published
1 in The Young Lady's Miscellany (1723). He
] was also associated with his son, Daniel
I Bellamy, clergyman (died 1788), in the com-
position of some similar pieces included in
' Miscellanies in Prose and Verse ' (1739-40).
See the ' Biographia Dramatica ' (1812).
Bellamy, Georg-e Anne. Actress,
born (according to her own statement) on
April 23, 1733 (according to Chetwood, in
1727); christened "George Anne "by mistake
for " Georgiana ; " daughter of Lord Tyrawley
and a quakeress named Seal, who married
a Captain Bellamy just before "George
Anne's " birth. Through her father, " George
Anne," in her youth, made the acquaintance
of some notable people, such as Fox, Chester-
' field, Pope, and Garrick. She appears to have
I had some success in private theatricals
before, in 1742, she appeared at Covent
Garden as Prue in 'Love for Love' (q.v.).
I She was engaged at that theatre for the
season of 1744-5, during which she figured
as Monimia in 'The Orphsin,' A.'ipatia in
' The Maid's Tragedy,' Celia in ' Volpone,'
Arsinoe in 'Mariamne,' and Anne Sullen.
It was at this time that she undertook her
first original part— that of Blanch in ' Papal
Tyranny ' (1745). Between 1745 and 1748 she
was at the Aungier Street Theatre, Dublin.
In 1748-50 she was at Covent Garden ; in
1750-53 at Drury Lane; and in 1753-59 at
Covent Garden again. She visited Dublin
(Smock Alley) in 1760-61, and Edinburgh in
1764. At Covent Garden she figured in
1761-62, and between 1764 and 1770. She
died in February, 1788. Among the cha-
racters she " created "—and they were not
very numerous— were Volumnia in Thom-
son's ' Coriolanus' (1749), Erixene inYonng's
'Brothers' (1753), Virginia in Monoriett's
' Appius ' (1755), and the heroine in ' Cleone '
(175S). Her Shakespearean parts included
Juliet [which she played, with Garrick as
Borneo, at Covent CJarden in 1750, against
Barry and Mrs. Nossiter at the rival estab-
lishment], Cordelia, Desdemona, Lady Mac-
beth, Portia in 'Julius Ca:sar,' and Isabella
in ' Measure for Measure ; ' among her other
roles may be mentioned Marcia in ' Cato,'
Leonora in ' The Revenge,' Almeria in ' The
Mourning Bride,' Andromache, and Calista.
For further details, see Genest's ' English
Stage ' (1S32). " We can say of Mrs. Bellamy,"
observes C Dibdin, "that she was natural,
easy, chaste, and impressive ; that as far
as person, features, voice, and conception
went, none of which were by any means of
an inferior description, ske highly pleased
and never offended." " In the latter part of
her life she went off greatly in her acting,
and consequently could not get an engage-
ment ; but her distress arose chiefly from
her extravagance." In 1785 appeared 'An
Apology for the Life of George Anne
Bellamy,' compiled, apparently, by Alex-
I ander Bicknell, who "ingeniously worked
' up his materials into five small volumes, to
BELLAMY
140
BELLE OF THE SEASON
which a sketch was afterwards added." In
the same year appeared ' Memoirs of George
Anne Bellamv, by a Gentleman of Covent
Garden Theatre.' See also Hitchcock's
• Irish Stage ' (17S8-9-1), Jackson's ' Scottish
Stage ' (1793), Chetwood's ' General History
of the Stage' (1749), Tate Wilkinson's
• Memoirs ' (1790) and ' Wandering Patentee '
(1795), and O'Keefe's ' Recollections ' (1S26).
Bellamy, Somers. Dramatic writer ;
author of ' Flirtation' (1877), ' Two Wedding
Rings,' etc. ; and part author (with F. Romer)
of ' Tact ' (1885), ' April Showers ' (1889).
Bellamy, Thomas. Dramatic and
miscellaneous writer, born 1745, died 1800 ;
author of a plav called ' The Friends ; or,
The Benevolent Planters' (1789). See the
•Biographia Dramatica' (1812).
Bellamy, William Hoare. Actor ;
born at Cork, 1800 ; died in America, 1866 ;
made his English debut as Sir Siiywn Rock-
dale in ' John Bull,' and his American debut
(at New York, in 1837) as Captain Copp in
'Charles IL' (g.?;.)- Ireland describes him
as "a most excellent serious 'old man.' a
fine reader, and a sensible actor' ('New
York Stage ').— Mrs. W. H. Bellamy (known
at one time as Mrs. A. W. Penson) played
such parts as Emily in ' A Nabob for an
Hour,' and Lady Rooku'ood. She first ap-
peared in America in 1838, and died in 1S57.
Bellanora. Daughter of Gostanzo, in
Chapman's 'All Fools' (q.v.).
Bellapert, in Massinger's ' Fatal
Dowry' (g.v.), is servant to Beaumelle (g.i'.).
Bellario, in Beaumont and Fletcher's
'Philaster' (^.r.), is the name assumed by
Euphrasia (q.v.), when she disguises her-
self as a page. (2) A character in Victor's
' Altamira'"(2.f.), in love with the heroine.
Bellasis, Lady. The widow in 'Sir
Roger de Coverley ' {q.v.}.
Bellaston, Lady. A character in R.
Buchanan's ' Sophia' (q.v.).
Bellavoir. A character in 'The Prin-
cesses in the Tower ' (q.v.).
Belle Affaire (La). See Lucky Hit.
Belle Alliance (La). A pantomime by
G. A. S\LX(q.v.), produced at Covent Garden
in 1855-6.
Belle and the Boor (The). A play by
T. J. Williams (q.v.).
Belle Belle. Daughter of Coitnt Colly-
wobbol in H. J. BYRON'S ' Lady Belle Belle'
(q.v.).
Belle Clarisse (La). A drama in a
prologue and four acts, perfonned at the
Ladbroke Hall, London, on March 9, 1891.
Belle Helene (La). A comic opera,
libretto bv Meilhac and Halevy, music by
<)ffenbach"(Paris, 1864), of which there have
been several English versions : (1) by
Charles Lamb Kenney, produced at the
Gaiety, London, on October 23, 1871, with
]SIiss Julia Mathews a<! Helen, Miss Annio (
Tremaine as Orestes, J. D. Stoyle as Calchas, 1
Maclean an Agamemnon, Soutar as Menelaux^ <
and F. Wood as Achilles; (2) by F. C. I
BURNAND, brought out at the Alhambra,
London, on August 16, 1873.— A version was
played at New York in May, 1870, under the
title of ' La Belle L.N.' See Helen.
Belle-Isle, Mdlle. de. See Made-
moiselle DE Belle-Isle.
Belle Lamar. A drama by Dion
BouciCAULT (q.v.), performed at Booth's
Theatre, New York, on August 10, 1874,
with a cast includinir Miss Katherine
Rogers, F. B. Warde, and John McCullough.
A revised version, entitled ' Fin MacCool,'
was performed at Boston, U.S.A., in Feb-
ruary, 1SS7, with the author as Fin, Miss
L. Thorndyke as Doris, and H. J. Lethcourt
as Philip Bligh.
Belle L.N. (The). See Belle Helene.
Belle Lurette. See Lurette.
Belle Maman. See Gay Widow, A ;
and Priceless Paragon.
Belle Normande (La). A "musical
buffoonery" in three acts, written by A.
Maltby (q.v.) and R- Mansell, composed
by Vasseur and Greve, first performed at
the Globe Theatre, London, on January 26,
ISSl, with F. H. CeUi ?LsArmand, H. Paulton
as Epinard, A. Maltby as Farouche, Fiir-
neaux Cook as Batifol, Miss K. Munroe as
Eglantine, Miss Kate Lee as Titine, Miss
M. Davis as Madame Pondicherry, etc. <
Belle of New York (The). A musical I
comedy in two acts, written Viy Hugh Mor- ■
ton, composed by Gustav Keiker, and pro-
duced originally in America ; first performed
in England at the Shaftesliury Theatre, Lon-
don, April 12, 1898, with :\Iiss Edna May as
Violet Gray (the title-part). Miss Phyllis
Rankin as Fiji Fricot, Miss H. Dupont
as Cora Angclique, Miss P. Edwardes as ;
Mamie, Miss E. Snyder as Marjorie, Dan j
Daly as Jchabod Bronson, H. Davenport as (
Harry BroiU07i, J. E. Sullivan as Von ■
Piimpernick, F. Lawtonas Blinky Bill, etc. ;
revived at the Adelphi Theatre, London,
November, 1901.
Belle of the Barley-Mow (The);
or, The "Wooer, the "Waitress, and
the "Willian. A burlesque by H. T.
Arden (q.v.), first performed at Cremome.
London, September 23, 1867, -with W.Corri,
Miss Corri, Miss C. Parkes, and T. H.
Friend in the cast.
Belle of the Hotel (The). A piece ir
which Miss Fitzwilliam appeared at Niblo'.-
Garden in August, 1S42, personating Mis
Protea Srwoks, and giving varied sketche^
of character (Scotch, Irish, Yankee, French
and Italian).
Belle of the Season (The). A pla^
by Matilda Heron (q.v.), performed ii
' New York in 1862, with the author a
BELLE RUSSE
141
BELLEW
Florence V'p2)erton, supported by Mrs. H P.
•(.^rattan, Mrs. C Wakot, A. H. Davenport,
W. Davidge, C. Walcot, jun,, etc.
Belle Russe (La). A drama in four
acts, adapted by David Belasco, and first
produced at Wallack's Theatre, New York ;
played at Edinburgh on June 26, 1882 ; and
at the Pavilion Tlieatre, London on April
17, 1886.
Belle Sauvag-e (La). See Indian
Pri>'cess and Pocohontas.
Belle's Stratag-em (The). A comedy
by Mrs. Cowley (q v.), first performed (with
music by Michael Arne) at Covent Garden,
on February 22, 1780, with Wroughton as
Sir George Touchivood, Lewis as Doricourt,
Quick as 3Ir. Hardy, Lee Lewes as Flutter,
Edwin as the auctioneer, Wewitzer as the
French servant, Mrs. Hartley as Ladij
Touchwood, Mrs, Mattocks as ifrs. Rackett,
and Miss Younge as Letitia Hardy. It was
revived at Drury Lane in March, 1790, with
Kemble as Doricourt, Baddeley as Hardy,
R. Palmer as Courtall, Bannister, jun., as
Flutter, Mrs, Kemble as Lady Touchivood,
Miss Pope as Mrs. liackett, and Mrs. Jordan
as Letitia; at Covent Garden in January,
1808, with Munden as Hardy, Farley as
Courtall, Jones as Flutter, Mrs. Mattocks
as Mrs. Rackett, and Mrs. H. Johnston as
Letitia; at Covent Garden in September,
1817, with Abbott as Sir George, C. Kemble
as Doricourt, Fawcett as Hardy, Mrs. Gibbs
as Mrs. Rackett, and Miss Brunton as Le-
titia ; at Drury Lane in January, 1818, w ith
Dowton as Hardy, Harley as Flutter, INIrs
Glover as Mrs. Rackett, and Miss Smithson
as Letitia; at Drury Lane in 1826. with
Wallack, Miss Foote as Letitia, Browne as
Flutter, Penley as Sir George; at the Lyceum
in 1828, with Green as Flutter ; at the City
of London Theatre in 1844; at Sadler's
Wells Theatre in August, 1849, with Miss i
Fitzpatrick as Letitia, G. Bennett as Sir
George, H. Marston as Doricourt, and Mrs.
Marston as Mrs. Rackett; at the St. James's
Theatre in October, 1866, with Gaston
Murray as Sir George, H. Irving as Doricourt,
F, Matthews as Mr. Hardy, W. Lacy as
Flutter, Mrs, F, Matthews as Mrs. Rackett,
Miss Herbert as Letitia, Miss C. Addison
as Lady Touchxuood, and Miss E. Bufton as
Miss Ogle ; at the Strand Theatre in 1873-4,
withW. Terriss as Doricourt, C. H. Stephen-
son as Hardy, H. Cox as Flutter, Miss Ada
Swanborough as Letitia, and Miss Nelly
Bromley as Lady Touchwood; at the
Lyceum Theatre in June, 1876, with H.
Irving as Doricourt, E. H. Brooke as Flutter,
W. Bentley as Saville. R. C. Carton as
Villers, Miss Isabel Bateman as Letitia
Hardy, Miss L. Buckstone as Lady Touch-
wood, and Miss V. Bateman as 31 rs. Rackett ;
at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on April
16, 1881, with H. Irving as Doricourt, H.
Howe as Hardy, W, Terriss as Flutter, A. W.
Pinero as Saville, A. Elwood as Villers,
Miss Sophie Young as Mrs. Rackett, Miss
Barnett as Lady Touchivood, and Miss Ellen
Terry as Letitia Hardy. The comedy was
performed at New York in 1794, with
Hodgkinson as Doricourt, Hallam as Flutter,
and Mrs. Hodgkinson as Letitia; and in
1839, with Murdoch as Doricourt and Miss
May wood as Letitia; at the Fifth Avenue
Theatre, New York, in 1872 ; at Daly's
Theatre, New York, in 1893, with Miss Ada
Rehan as Letitia. A. Bourchier as Doricourt,
J. Lewis as Old Hardy, and Miss A. Prince
as Mrs. Rackett.
Bellenden, Major, Lady Marg-a-
ret, and Edith, figure in Farley'.s
' Battle of Bothwell Brigg ' {q.v.).
Bellendon. A play, acted at the Rose
Theatre, London, on June 8, 1594, "by the
Lord Admiral's men " (' BiogTaphia Drama-
tica ').
Sellers, Fettiplace. Miscellaneous
writer ; the author of ' Injured Innocence,'
a tragedy (1732), and other works.
Belles of the Kitchen (The). A
farce performed at Niblo's Theatre, New
York, in January, 1874, with the Yokes
family in the principal parts ; performed at
the Adelphi Theatre, London, in 1875.
Belles without Beaux ; or, Ladies
among- themselves was performed at
Covent Garden in August, 1822, with Miss
Kelly as Mrs. Dashington.
Belleterre, Marquis de. The " poor
nobleman " in C. Selby's drama of that
name {q.v.). His daughter is named Hortense.
Belleur, in Beaumont and Fletcher's
'Wild-goose Chase' {q.v.), is in love with
Rosalura {q.v).
Bellew, Harold Kyrle. Actor and
dramatic writer, born at Prescot, Lincoln-
shire ; made his professional debut at
Solferino, Australia, as Eglinton Roseleaf
in ' Turn Him Out ' {q.v ). His first appear-
ance on the English stage was at Brighton,
on August 22, 1875, when he played Lord
Woodstock in 'Lady Clancarty' {q.v.); his
London debict took place at the Ilaymarket
in December, 1875, as Paris in ' Romeo and
Juliet' {q.v.). His first original part was
that of Lord Percy in T. Taylor's 'Anne
Bolevn ' (1876) ; he was also in the first cast
of Rae's ' Birds in tlieir Little Nests agree '
(1876). He has since " created '" the follow-
ing parts -.—Belvawney in ' Engaged ' (1S77),
Percy Deverel in 'Light and Shade ' (1879),
Horatio in ' The Lord of the Manor ' (]SSO),
Leo Chillingham in ' Mimi ' (1881), Raphael
de Corr^ze in 'Moths' (1882), Humphrey
Goddard in 'Breaking a Butterfly' (1884),
Gilbert Vaughan in ' Called Back ' (1884).
Jacques Rosny in ' Civil AVar ' (1887), Pedro
in ' Loyal Love ' (1887), Leander in ' Hero
and Leander ' (1S92), and Philip Carrington
in ' The Lights of Home ' (1892). He has
also appeared in London as Osric in 'Hamlet'
(1878), Glavis in ' The Lady of Lyons' (1879),
De Beringhen in ' Richelieu ' (1879), Gibbet
in ' The Beaux' Stratagem ' (1879), Frederick
in ' The Poor Gentleman ' (1879), Orlando in
' As You Like It ' (1880), Philip Warren in
' Mankind ' (1882), Prince Philamir in ' The
BELLGUARD
142
BELMORE
Palace of Truth ' (ISSi). and Hubert Graham
in * In his Power' (1SS5). He has appeared
in the En&hsh provinces as Romeo, and as
the two Dei Franchi. In New York in
1SS7 he figured as Captain Dyke in Lloyd's
'Dominie's Daughter' (g.r.). In 1S95 he
appeared there in ' The Queen's Necklace '
(^.r.) and ' Charlotte Corday ' (g.r.). He was
seen in London in 1S97 in ' Francillon ' and
' Charlotte Corday,' and in 1S99 in ' The
Ghetto.' He is the author of two dramatic
pieces : ' Yvonne ' (ISSl) and ' Hero and
Leander' {q.v.), the latter an adaptation
(1892).
Bellg-uard, Lord. A character in
Crow.ne's ' Sir Courtly Nice ' (g.r.).
Belling" the Cat. A comedietta by
Martin Becher, St. George's Hall, Lon-
don, November 6, ISSC.
Belling-ham, Chandos. The villain
in BouciCAULT's ' After Dark ' {q.v.).
Belling-ham (Henry) and "William
Best. Authors of the following dramatic
pieces:— ' Arline, the Lost Child' (1S64),
'The Magic Horse and the Ice-Maiden
Princess ' (1864), ' Prince Camaralzaman '
(1865), 'Princess Primrose' (1866). 'Darby
and Joan' (1884), 'My Love and I' (1886),
' Sol Gandv ' (18*7), ' Meddle and ]\Iuddle '
(1887), ' The Light of his Eyes ' (1893), ' Ruy
Bias ; or, A Cad may Look at a Queen '(1893).
and ' Keep your own Counsel' (1895), all of
■which see.— H. Bellingham is the sole
author of ' Bluebeard Re-paired ' (1866), and
• A Socialist '(1887), which see ; and W. Best
has -written ' Love and Physic ' (ISSS), which
see also.
Belliza. The "Amorous Bigot" in Siiad-
WELL's play of that name {q.t.).
Bellman of London (The). A play by
Robert Daborne {q.v.).
Eellmein, Captain. A character in
Mrs. Centlivre's 'Beau's Duel' {q.v.).
Bellmont, Sir "William and Georgre.
Father and sou in A. Murphy's ' All in the
Wrong' {q.v.).
Bellmour. A character in Mrs. Pix's
' Adventures in Madrid ' {q.v.). There is (2)
a Lord Bellmour in To>rs 'Accomplished
Maid' {q.v.), and (3) a Widow Bellmour in
Murphy's ' Way to Keep him ' {q.v.).
Bellows, Henry "Whitney, D.D.
American L'nitarian minister, born 1814 ;
author of ' A Defence of the Drama ' (1857),
Bell-Ring-'er of Notre Dame (The).
(I) A play by C. Z. Barnett (.^.r.). (2) A
drama in three acts, by W. H. Abel, East
London Theatre, July, 1871.
Bell-Bing-er of St. Paul's (The);
or, The Huntsman and the Soy. A
lue.odrama by Thompson Townsend, first
performed at Sadler's Wells on Marck 4,
1839, with Cathcart as the hero.
Bells (T::ic). a drama in three acts,
adapted by Leopold Lewis {q.v.) from
Erckniann-Chatrian's ' Le Juif Polonais,'
and first performed at the Lyceum Theatre,
London, on November 25, 1871, with H.
Irving as Mathias, F. W. Irish as Hans,
H. Crellin [Standing] as Christian, Gaston
Murray as the Judge, A. Tapping as the
Mesmerist, Miss G. Pauncefort as Catherine,
and Miss Fanny Heywood as Annette; re-
vived at the Lyceum in July, 1879, with
Irving in his original part, Miss Alma
Murray as Annette, F. Cooper as Christian,
and S. Johnson as Hans; in July, 1881, with
W, Terriss as Christian and Miss Winifred
Emery as Annette; in May, 1SS5, with G.
Alexander as Christiaii ; in April, 1887 ;
in June, 1SS9 ; and in September, 1S92.
(2) 'The Bells; or. The Polish Jew;' a
drama adapted by G. F. Rowe and C. W.
Barry' from ' Le Juif Polonais,' and per-
formed at Booth's Theatre, New York,
August 19, 1872, with J. W. Wallack as
Mathias, R. Pateman as Dr. Franz, and
Miss Bella Pateman as Margaret. (3) ' The
Bells of the Sledge : ' a drama in a prologue
and three acts, adapted by Horace Allex
from ' Le Juif Polonais,' Theatre Royal,
Leigh, Lancashire, December 26, 1891. (4)
' The Bells Bell-esqued and the Polish Jew
Polished off ; or, Mathias, the Muffin, the
Mystery, the Maiden, and the Masher:' a
burlesque of ' The Bells,' produced at Nor-
wich on March 13, 1883. See Paul Zegers
and Polish Jew.
Bells in the Storm. (The). A drama
by C. H. Hazlewood {q.v.), Sadler's Wells
Theatre, London, February 14, 1874.
Bells of Haslemere (The). A drama
in four acts, by H. Pettitt {q.v.) and S.
GRUNDY'((/.r.). first performedat the Adelphi
Theatre, London, on July 28, 1887, with W.
Terriss as Frank Beresford, Miss Millward
as Evelyn Brookfield, and other parts by J.
D. Beveridge, C.'Cartwright, J. Beauchamp,
J. H. Darnley, Howard Russell, E. W.
Garden, Miss Annie Irish, Miss C. Jecks,
and Miss H. Forsyth ; produced at the
Windsor Theatre, New York, December 23,
1889.
Belmont. (1) Sir Eager, Charles, and
Eosetta Belmont are characters in Moore's
'Foundling' {q.v.). (2) Captain Belmont
figures in Poole's 'Matchmaking' {q.v).
Belmore, Alice and Lillie. Actresses ;
daughters of George Belmore {q.v.). Alice
Belmore has plav-ed in Loudon the fol-
lowing original parts -.—Liz in ' Hoodman
Blind' (1SS5), Xeone in 'Clito' (1886), Mrs.
Freyne in ' The Golden Ladder ' (1SS7),
Nancy in ' Ben My Chree' (18SS), Mrs.
Melway in 'The People's Idol' (1890), etc.
Lillie Belmore "created" the follow-
ing roles:— Mrs. Strickley in 'The Golden
Ladder' (1SS7). Biddy in 'The Good Old
Times ' (18S9), Myra Keith in ' The People's
Idol' (1S90), Sarah Slocum in 'Tommv'
(1891), Mattea in ' Father Buonaparte ' (lS9i),
Mdlle. Flora in ' The Acrobat ' (1891), Janet
in 'The Reckoning' (1891), Eosalie in
' Trooper Clairette ' (1S92), and Ada Smith
BELMORE
EELPHEGOR
in 'The Shop Girl' (1894). She played
Audrey in ' As You Like It ' at the Prince
of Wales's Theatre, London, in February,
1S94.
Belmore, Georg-e [George Benjamin
Garstin]. Actor, died in New York,
November 15, 1875 ; appeared at the Maryle-
bone Theatre, London, in December, 1856,
as Bokes in Shirley Brooks's ' Creole ' {q.v.).
Among the parts he "created" the follow-
ing may be named : — Stephen Hargrcaves in
Cheltnam's 'Aurora Floyd' (18G3), Jacob
Vance in ' The Deal Boatman ' (1863), Christo-
pher Clipper in ' The Alabama ' (1864), Nat
Gosling in 'The Flying Scud' (lfc66), Toby
Taperly in ' Maud's Peril ' (1867), Bintrey
in ' No Thoroughfare ' (1867), Plato in W
Collins's ' Black and White' (1869), Augustus
de Rosherville in ' The WMUow Copse ' (1869),
Remy in ' Paul Lafarge ' (1870), KUhleborn
in Reece's 'Undine' (1870), Andrew Arm-
strong in ' Daisy Farm ' (1871), FridoUn in
'Giselle' (1871), Sam Wcllcr in Albery's
'Pickwick' (1871), Cromwell in Wills's
' Charles L' (1872), and Newman Noggs in
Halliday's ' Nicholas Nickleby ' (1875). He
was also in the original cast of 'Ruth
Oakley ' (1857), ' An April Fool ' (1864), ' The
O'Flahertys' (1864), 'A Day of Reckoning'
(1868), ' Tom Thrasher ' (1S68), and Taylor's
'Handsome is as Handsome does' (1870).
Other parts played by him were Boh Levitt
in ' Mary Warner ' (1870), Sylvinet in ' Fan-
chette' (1871), Zekiel in 'The Heir at Law
(1873), Dicky Trotter in ' Janet Pride ' (1874),
and Spotty in ' The Lancashire Lass (1875).
In 1862 he married Miss Alice Cooke.
Belraour. A word occurring frequently
in dramatic nomenclature. For example,
there is a Belmour in Rowe's ' Jane Shore '
{q.v.), in CONGREVE's ' Old Bachelor' (q.v.),
in Whitehead's ' School for Lovers ' Iq.v.),
and in Waldron'S ' Prodigal ' {q-v.). There
are also a,Mr. and J/rs. Behaourm Beazley'S
'Is he Jealous?' (q.v.), while Constance
Belmour is the heroine of Webster's ' One
Touch of Nature' iq.c).
Belon, Peter (circa 1675-90). Author
of a comedy called ' The Mock Duellist ; or,
The French Valet ' (q.v.).
Belphegror. A character in Dibdin's
• Mirror ' (q-v.).
Belphegor; or. The Marriag-e of
the Devil. A tragic-comedy by John
Wilson, licensed in October, 1690, acted
at Dorset Garden, and printed in 1691. The
devils, finding that the men who go to hell
generally complain that it was their wives
who sent them there, determine that one
of their number shall become man, marry,
and, after ten years' experience, return and
report. Belphegor accordingly assumes the
shape and name of Roderiyo, and espouses
Imperia, by whom he is both henpecked
and deceived. (2) 'Beli)hegor; or. The
Wishes :' a comic opera in three acts, by
Miles Peter Andrews (q.v.), first per-
formed at Drury Lane on March 17, 1778,
with Bannister as ^eZ^j/ief7or (a devil), Vernon
as Booze (a woodcutter), Mrs. Wrighten as
Dame Bin (his wife), Moody as Farmer
Wheatear, and Parsons as Justice Solemn.
" Booze shelters Belphegor from his pursuers.
Belphegor in return gives Booze three wishes "
(Genest).
Belphegror, the Mountehank. The
hero of several English dramas, adapted
from the ' Paillasse ' of MM. Dennery and
Marc Fournier (produced at the Gaite, Paris,
on November 9, 1850, with Frederic Lemaitre
as the hero). (1) 'Belphegor the Mounte-
bank ; or. The Pride of Birth : ' a play in
three acts brought out at the Adelphi
Theatre, London, on January 13, 1851, with
B. Webster as the hero, Mdme. Celeste as
Madeline, Miss Woolgar as N^i7ii, Miss Ellen
Chaplin as Henri, " O." Smith as De Rollac,
P. Bedford as Montroulade, Wright as Ajax,
and H. Hughes as Montbazon. (2) ' Bel-
phegor, the Itinerant : ' a drama in four
acts, adapted by J. Courtney (q.v.), and
first performed at the Surrey Theatre, Lon-
don, on January 20, 1851, with Creswick as
Belphegor, H.Widdicombas Vicomte Hercule,
Miss Cooper as Madeline, Miss Mandlebert
as Henri, and other parts by T. Mead (De
Rollac), and the Misses J. and H. Coveney.
(3) 'Belphegor, the Buffoon:' a play in
three acts, by Thomas Higgie and T.
Hailes Lacy, first performed at the Victoria
Theatre, London, on January 27, 1851, with J.
T. Johnson as Belphegor, Miss Amelia Mercer
as Madeline, J. Bradshaw as Lavarennes, and
T. Higgie as Fripon. (4) Contemporaneous
with these three versions was a fourth, per-
formed at the City of London Theatre on
January 20, 1851, with E. F. Savile as the
hero, W. Searle as the Duke, and Fredericks
as De Rollac. (5) In April, 1S56, an adapta-
tion in three acts, by Charles Webb, was
produced at Sadler's Wells Theatre, under
the title of ' Belphegor, the Mountebank,
or Woman's Constancy,' and with Charles
Dillon as Belphegor and Mrs. Dillon as
Madeline. This play was removed in Sep-
tember to the Lyceum Theatre, with the
Dillons in their original parts. Miss Harriet
Gordon as Zephyrina Petitpas, Miss Marie
Wilton as Henri, J. L. Toole as Hilanon,
Fanfaronade, J. G. Shore as Viscount Her'
cule, P. Stuart as Lavaremies (De Rollac),
and Barrett as the Duke de Montbazon.
This piece was revived at Drury Lane in
1878, with Dillon in his original part and
INIiss Wallis as Madeline. (6) An adap-
tation by Charles Fechter and John
Brougham, entitled 'The Mountebank,'
was produced at the Lyceum on April 17,
1865, with Fechter as Belphegor, Mdlle. Bea-
trice as Madeline, Paul Fechter as Henri,
and other parts by Miss C. Leclercq, J.
Ryder, S. Emerv, and Widdicomb. (7) An
adaptation by John Coleman (q.v.).— The
role of Belpheqor has been played by T.
Swinbourne (Sadler's Wells, 1866), H.
Neville (Olympic, 1878), and E. Compton
(in the English provinces, 1885-6).— Ver-
sions of ' Belphegor' were performed in
New York in March, 1851— one at the
Broadway Theatre, with F. Conway as the
hero, Miss Julia Bennett as Madeline, and
BELSHAZZAR
BENEDICT
Miss A. Gougenheim as Nina ; the other
at the BoAvery, with Eddy in the title part.
In 1S58, Clarence Holt and his wife ap-
peared SLS Belphegor Knd Madeline a.t Burton's
Theatre.— A burlesque of Webb's ' Bel-
phegor,' as performed at the Lyceum, was
written by Leicester Buckingham, and
produced at the Strand Theatre, London,
on September 29, 1S56, with Miss Cuthbert
as Belphegor, H. J. Turner as Madeline, and
J. Clarke as Ikey.
Belshazzar. A dramatic poem by
Thomas Harrison ; never acted, but printed
in 1727 and 1729. (2) A sacred drama by
Hannah More (^'.r.), printed (with others)
in 17S2. The perscnife include Sitocris,
Daniel, courtiers, astrologers, etc. (3) A
dramatic poem by Henry Hart Milman
iq.v.), published in 1S22.
Beltorij Mary. The heroine of H. J.
Byrons ' Uncle Dick's Darling ' (q.v.).
Belvawney. Friend of Cheviot Hill in
Gilbert's 'Engaged' (q.vO-
Belvidera. Daughter of P?-mZi and wife
of Jaffier, in ' Venice Preserved' {q.v.).
Thomson has the line —
" And Belvidera pours her heart In loTe."
Belvidere. See Almar, George.
Belvil. Friend of the hero in Lajib's
'Mr. H ' (,q.v.).
Belville. (1) Nephew of Harcourt, and
in love with Peggy, in ' The Country Girl '
iq.v.). (2) Lord of the manor, and brother of
Captain Belville, in Mrs. BROOKE'S ' Eosina'
(q.v.).
Ben, in Congreve's ' Love for Love' (q.v.),
is the son of Sir Sampson Legend, and a
sailor. " What is Ben," says Charles Lamb,
" but a piece of satire, a creation of Con-
greve's fancy ; a dreamy combination of
all the accidents of a sailor's character—
his contempt of money, his credulity to
women ?" " In that legitimate sailor, Ben,"
writes F. Reynolds, "Bannister was in-
imitable."
Ben, Bigr. A character in 'Sweeney
ToM\q.v.).
Ben Bolt. A drama in two acts, by J. B.
Johnstone (q.v.), first performed at the
Surrey Theatre, London, on March 28, 1S54,
with Shepherd in the title part, H. Widdi-
comb as Reuben Rags, and Miss Clayton as
Alice. Among the other characters are
Christian Comfort, Ivan Ironlinl; Will
Watch, and Mary Moonlight.
Ben Nazir, the Saracen. A tragedy
by Colley' Grattan (q.v.), performed at
Drury Lane on May 21, 1827, with Kean in
the title part, Wallack as Charles (Mavtel),
Cooper as Eudes, Miss Smithsonas Bathilda,
and Mrs. W. West as Emerance. Eiidcs,
Duke of Aquitaine, has been captured by
Ben Nazir, and Emerance, his daughter, in
order to save him, has promised to wed the
Saracen. However, she loves and is beloved
by Charles, who penetrates into Ben Nazii 's
camp, and, suspected of being a spy, ig
arrested. Thereupon Emerance takes' poi-
son, and Ben Nazir stabs himself. This
plot is founded on fact (see Gibbon's
' Roman Empire,' c. 52). The author, in an
account of the performance, accuses Keaa
of mangling his part and killing the play.
Ben the Boats"wain. A nautical
drama by T, Egerton Wilks (q.v.), first
performed at the Surrey Theatre, London,
in August, 1839, with T. P. Cooke in the
title part (Ben Bowling) ; revived at Drury
Lane in 1858, with John Douglass in the
title part.
Bendall, Ernest A., born 1846, be-
came, in 1S72, theatrical critic of the London
Figaro, and in 1874 was appointed to a
similar post on the London Observer, which
he still retains. He has written on the-
atrical subjects in the Daily Neics, the St.
James's Gazette, and the Theatre maga-
zine.
Bendo (or Byndo) and Richardo.
A plav acted at the Rose Theatre, London,
March 4, 1591.
Benducar. Chief Minister of Barbary,
in Dryden's ' Don Sebastian ' (q.v.)
Beneath the Surface ; or, The
Loss of the Eurydice. A drama in
four acts, by Mortimer Murdoch, first
performed at the Grecian Theatre on June
2, 1873 ; revived at the Marylebone Theatre,
June 8, 1878.
Benedick. A young lord of Padua, in
* Much Ado about Nothing ' (q.v.). "When
John Kemble played the part. Benedick,"
says Lady Pollock, ' was distinguished
by a graceful dignity of demeanour, with
a sneering bitterness of manner. He
smiled, he did not laugh ; his jest was
satire. He was a courtier and a scoffer.
Macready's Benedick was a wholly different
creation, whose very essence was mirth.
Life was a sport to* him ; love a merry
game. He was, from the crown of his head
to the sole of his foot, all mirth. He had
not a moment of gravity ; he laughed
through the first scene and laughed away
the last."
Benedict, Sir Julius. Musical com-
poser, born at Stuttgart, 1804 ; died June,
1885 ; came to England in 1835, conducted
(in 1836) a series of Italian comic operas at
the Lyceum Theatre (under the management
of John Mitchell), and, in 1838, conducted
a series of English operas at Drury Lane
(under Bunn). In 1850 he directed Jenny
Lind's concerts throughout America, and
was afterwards employed as orchestral chief
at Her Majesty's and Drury Lane Theatres.
He was knighted in 1871. He composed the
music of the following operas (or operettas)
in Enghsh :— 'The Gvpsv's Warning '(1833),
' The Brides of Venice ' (1844), ' The Crusa-
ders ' (1846), ' The Lily of Killarnev ' (1862), ,
and ' The Bride of Song' (1864), all of which
see. He also contributed recitatives to the
score of Welier's ' Oberon,' for perfonnance
in Italian at Her Majesty's in 1860.
BENEDIX
145
BENNETT
Benedix, Roderick. The German
[ramatist from whose ' Cinderella ' T. W.
lobertson obtained the idea of his ' School '
g.v.), from whose ' Ein Lustspiel' R.
iuchanan and H. Vezin adapted ' Bachelors '
q.v. and on whose 'Das LUgen' G. R.
;ims and Cecil Raleigh founded ' The Grey
-fare' {q.v.). See, also, Cousin Jack.
Benefice (The). A comedy attributed
0 Dr. Wild, and printed in 16S9. In the
irst act, Invention and Furor Poeticus
liscuss Shakespeare and other writers,
i'he other acts set forth how Sir Homily
ibtains, by a stratagem, a benefice from
\Iarchurch, the patron.
Benefit of Hanging- (The). See
SMOKED Miser, The.
Benefit of the Doubt (The). A
•omedy in three acts, by A. W. Pineko, first
)erfornied at the Comedy Theatre, London,
m October 16, 1895, with Miss Winifred
]mery as Theojjhila Eraser, Miss Lily Han-
jury as Olive Allincjham, Miss R. Leclercq
13 Mrs. Cloys, Miss Henrietta Lindley as
M^rs. Emptaye, Miss Esme Beringer as Jus-
ina Emptaye, Miss Eva Williams as Mrs.
"iuinton Twelves, Leonard Boyne as John
\Allinyham, J. G. Grahame as Alexander
Eraser, Cyril Maude as Sir Fletcher I'ort-
[vood, Aubrey Fitzgerald as Claude Emptaye,
md other parts by J. W. Pigott, Stuart
;)harapion, J. Byron, and E. Cosham ; per-
■ormed at the Lyceum Theatre, New York,
n January, 1896, with Herbert Kelcey as
Allinyham, Stephen Grattan as Eraser,
MissElita Proctor Otis as Mrs. Allinyham,
and Miss Isabel Irving as Mrs. Eraser.
j Benevolent Cut-throat (The). "A
blay in seven acts, translated from an origi-
nal German drama, written by tlie celebrated
'Klotzboggenhaggen, by Fabius Pictor." A
burlesque of the German drama, printed in
' The Meteors ' (1800).
Benevolent Man (The). A comedy
by Maynard Chamberlain Walker,
played at Smock Alley, Dublin, in 1771.
Benevolent Merchant (The). See
English Merchant, The.
Benevolent Planters (The). See
Friends, The.
I Bengal Tiger (The). A farce in one
tact, by C. Dance (q.v.), first performed at the
Olympic Theatre, London, on December 18,
1837, ^vith AV. Farren as Sir Paul Payoda
and Mrs. Orger as 3Iiss Yellouieaf ; played
lat New York in April, 1838, with I'lacide as
Sir Paul; revived at the Adelphi, London,
in 1859, with Alfred Wigan and his wife as
Sir Paul and Yelloidcaf, and J. L. Toole
as David ; at the Haymarket in 1S63 ; at
the Princess's in 1870, with the Wigans.
Bengough. Actor ; mentioned in the
• Thespian Dictionary ' (1805) as " a favourite
at Manchester," and as being "reckoned a
useful actor." After a season at Bath, he
appeared at Drury Lane in 1816 as Baron
B'ildenheim in 'Lovers' Vows,' on which
occasion Hazlitt wrote of him : " Mr.
Bengough is an actor who shows consider-
able judgment and feeling, and who would
produce more effect than he does, if he took
less pains to produce it. . . , Y^et the
expression of natural pathos is what he
seems to excel in. He treads the stage
well." He "created" the chief part in
' Melmoth the Wanderer '(g.v.).
Bengough. Scenic artist; "first dis-
played his taste and skill " at New Y'ork in
1836, in 'The Maid of Cashmere.' Ireland,
in his ' New York Stage ' (1866), speaks of
him as having " died in New York, in
poverty, several years ago."
Benham, Arthur. Dramatic writer,
died 1895. Author of ' The Awakening ' (1892)
and ' Theory and Practice ' (1893) ; also, co-
author with Estelle Burney of ' The County *
(1892).
Benicia Boy (The). See B. B.
Benito. Servant of Aurelian (q.v.), in
Dryden's ' Assignation' (5'. v.). "Benito,"
says Genest, "instead of promoting his
master's schemes, is a very Marplot, but with-
out designing to be so."
Beni-Zoug-Zoug. A banditti chief in
W\ Buough's 'Rasselas* (q.v.).
Benjamin Bolus; or, The New-
castle Apothecary. A " comic tale "
by MUNDEN, the comedian (q.v.), performed
at the Haymarket for his benefit, August 8,
1797.
Benjamin Franklin.
John Brougham (q.v.).
A play by
Benjamin, Park. American poet and
miscellaneous writer, born 1809 ; author of
' The Fiscal Agent ' (q.v.).
Benmoussaf. A character in Dimond's
* iEthiop' (q.v.).
Bennet, Philip. Clergyman and poet,,
died about 1752 ; author of a farce called
'The Beau's Adventures' (1733). See
' Biographia Dramatica' (1812).
Bennett, George John. Actor and
dramatic writer, born at Ripon, 1800 ; died"
1879 ; was the son of an actor, and joined the
navy in 1813. Leaving it in 1817, he made-
his stage d(?but the following year at Lynn, in
Norfolk. After some provincial experience,
he made his first London appearance at
Covent Garden in 1823, as Richard III. ;
next year he was engaged at the Lyceum^
and in 1830 he went to Covent Garden, where
he played under the management of Charles
Kembie, Laporte, and Macready. In 1841 he
went with the last named to Drury Lane,
where he remained till 1843. From 1844 to
1862. when he retired from the stage, Ben-
nett played at Sadler's Wells under Phelps.
Among his original parts were Conrad in
Logan's ' Der Freischutz,' Tormaynus in
'Brian Boroihme,' Restlereiy in White's
'James VI.,' Eenton in 'John Savile of
Hasted,' Douglass in ' Feudal Times,' etc.
His other roles included Henry VIII., the
BENNETT
146
BENSLEY
King in 'All's Well that Ends Well,' Hotsimr,
Macduff, Hubert, Caliban, Apemantus, Eno-
barbus, Sir Toby Belch, Pistol, Bessus ('A
King and No King'), Bosola ('Duchess
of Malfi'), Sir John Frugal ('The City
Madam ') Master Walter (' The Hunchback '),
Sextiis in Payne's 'Brutus,' etc. He was
the author of the following plays : ' The
Soldier's Orphan ' (1844), ' Retribution '
(1850), and ' Justiza,' which see. See, also,
Genest's ' English Stage ' (1832) ; the £ra
for July 28, 1879 ; ' Dictionary of National
Biography' (1885) ; and Bennett, Julia and
Rosa.
Bennett, James. Actor, died March,
1885 ; made his first professional appearance
in London at the Lyceum Theatre, on March
18, 1859, as lago. Among the parts which
he " created " were those of Oliver Cromwell
in E. L. Blanchard's ' Aston Hall ' (1854),
and Creon in Watts Phillips's 'Theodora'
(1866). He was seen at Niblo's Theatre,
New York, in April, 1871, as Richard III.
In the latter part of his career he was well
known, in the English provinces especially,
as an impersonator of the leading roles in
the "legitimate."
Bennett, Joseph.. Musical critic and
dramatic writer ; author of the libretti of
* Manon ' (1885), ' Thorgrim ' (1890), ' Djami-
leh ' (1892), • Jeanie Deans ' (1894).
Bennett, Julia. Actress ; daughter of
G. J. Bennett (q.v.), and afterward Mrs.
Barrow ; was the original of Rose de Belle-
coeur in Planche's ' Caught in a Trap,' Rose
Lawless in Boucicault's ' School for Schem-
ing,' Miss Rocket in his ' Young Hearts and
Old Heads,' etc. Among her other parts were
Rosalind, Mrs. Oakley in ' The Jealous Wife,'
Constance in ' The Love Chase,' Aniie
Franklin in 'Presented at Court,' Martha
Gibbs in 'All that Glitters,' Madeline in
' Belphegor,' and Camilla in Sullivan's ' Old
Love and the New.' She was "leading
lady" at Manchester in 1842, and made her
first appearance in New York in 1851 as
Lady Teazle.
Bennett, Mrs. Actress ; made her
professional debut in 1883 at the Gaiety
Theatre, London, as Violante in ' The
Honeymoon,' and Juliet (in the balcony
scene). She was afterwards at Sadler's
Wells, " on tour," and at the Imperial
Theatre, successively ; she was then engaged
to play "lead" at the Surrey, where she
remained for six years, appearing in popular
modern melodrama. At the Strand Theatre
in 1890 she represented Aldabella in a
performance of ' Fazio ' (q-v.), and at the
Criterion in 1887 she played Louise in a
representation of ' Frou-Frou ' (q.v.). Her
"original" parts include Grace Glynd in
' The Village Forge ' (1890), Joan in ' A
Summer's Eve ' (1891), Norah in ' The Ple-
beians' (1891), Victoria Dudley in ' The
Gambler' (1891), etc.
Bennett, Rosa. Actress ; daughter of
G. J. Bennett {q.v.) and sister of Julia
Bennett {q.v.); made her London debut at
the Hayraarket in October, 1852, as Sophia
in ' The Road to Ruin,' and her first appear-
ance in America at New York in October,
1854, as Lady Gay Spanker. Her repertory
included the heroines of ' Like and Unlike,
or the Sisters,' Fan7iy in ' Night and Morn-
ing,' Lucy Middleton in ' The State Prisoner,'
and Rose in ' Tit for Tat.'
Bensley, Robert. Actor; had had,
apparently, some experience in the English
provinces before, on October 2, 1765, he
made his first (recorded) appearance in Lon-
don, at Drury Lane Theatre, as Pierre in
' Venice Preserved ' (q.v.). At Drury Lane
he remained for two years, migrating in
September, 1767, to Covent Garden. There
he stayed till 1775, when he returned to
Drury Lane for an engagement that ex-
tended over four years. In 1779 he was at
the Haymarket, and from that date till 1795
he divided his time about equally between
that house and Drury Lane. His last pro-
fessional appearance was on May 6, 1796.
He had " created " the following (among
many) r6les .-—Merlin in ' Cymon ' (1767),
Mithranes in ' Cyrus ' (1768), Edgar in '
' Elfrida ' (1772), Selim in ' Edward and
Eleonora ' (1775), Harold in ' The Battle of
Hastings ' (1778), the Eiyig in ' The Jew of
Lombardy ' (1779), Lord Glenmore in ' The
Chapter of Accidents ' (1780), Rxieful in 'The
Natural Son' (1784), Leonidas in 'The Fate
of Sparta ' (1788), and Eustace de St. Pierre
in ' The Surrender of Calais ' (1791). Among
his most notable "stock" parts were
Malvolio, lago, Prospero, and Ghost ini
' Hamlet,' Mosca (in ' The Fox '), and Morose\
(in 'The Silent Woman'). He was also;
seen as Banquo, Wolsey, Brutus, lachimo,
Jaques, Buckingham ('Richard HI.').
Hubert ('King John'), Manly (' Plair
Dealer '), Moody (' Country Girl '), anc
Honeywood ('Good-Natured Man'). It is
believed that in early life he was a lieu
tenant of marines, and that after he retiree
from the stage he was made a barrack-master
The exact dates of his birth and his deatl
have not been ascertained. The GentlemarJ.
Magazine places the latter event in 1809
"Bensley," says Boaden, " was a gentlemar
and a scholar." "I often met Bensley,^
writes O'Keefe, " and found him an exceed
ingly well-informed, sensible man. As ai
actor he was most correct to his words, an(
understood his author. His walk was th
serious and sentimental, and very well i
was for any author to get him in a ne^
piece." George Colman writes that " Bens
ley, who always maintained an upper ran
upon the stage, both intraged5' and comedj
was respectable in all the characters h
undertook, in spite of a stalk and a stare-
a stiffness of manner and a nasal twang c
utterance— which prevented his being ver
popular in most of them." Charles Lamb
eulogy of Bensley is well known : "Of a
the actors who flourished in my tim<,
Bensley had most of the swell of soul, wa
greatest in the delivery of heroic concej
tions, the emotions consequent upon tb
presentment of a great idea to the fane;
BENSON
147
BENYOWSKY
le had the true poetical enthusiam— the
arest faculty among players. . . . His
oice had the dissonance, and at times
he inspiring effect, of the trumpet. His
ait was uncouth and stiff, but no way em-
arrassed by affectation ; and the thorough-
red gentleman was uppermost in every
lovement." See Boaden's ' Life of Mrs. Inch-
aid' and 'Life of Mrs. Jordan,' O'Keefe's
Recollections,' Colman's ' Random Records,'
lampbell's ' Life of Mrs. Siddons,' ' The
larrick Correspondence,' the ' Dramatic
'ensor ' (1800), Gilliland's ' Dramatic
lirror ' (1808), ' Records of a Stage Vete-
in ' (1836), and the ' Dictionary of National
;iography' (1885), See, also, Iago and
lALVOLIO.
Benson. Actor and dramatic writer,
ied 1796 ; author of ' Britain's Glory' (q.v.)
nd 'Love and Money' (q.v.). Having
larried a sister of Mrs. Stephen Kemble,
ie became connected with both Drury Lane
Ind the Haymarket Theatres, and was
feteemed a useful actor. Seized by brain
^ver, he committed suicide. His daughter
larried Vining. See the 'Thespian Dic-
ionary ' (1805) and ' Biographia Dramatica '
L812).
Benson. (1) Lucy and /Jo.<re Benson
re 'the Village Coquettes' in Dickens's
urletta of that name (q.v.). (2) Ben-
on, a barrister, is the leading figure
1 Tom Taylor's ' To oblige Benson '
I.V.).
Benson, Francis Robert. Actor and
heatrical manager, born at Alresford,
lants, in 1859 ; made his first professional
ppearance at the Lyceum Theatre, London,
1 1S81, as Paris in ' Romeo and Juliet' (q.v.),
nd afterwards had experience with com-
anies travelling through the English
rovinces. In 1883 he formed a company
f his own, with which he has since
3ured, save for seasons in London (1889-90,
^00, 1901-2), during which he produced
Hamlet,' 'Othello,' ' Coriolanus,' 'Antony
nd Cleopatra,' ' The Merchant of Venice,'
Henry V.,' ' Richard II.,' ' Twelfth Night,'
The Tempest,' ' As You Like It,' ' A Mid-
ummer Night's Dream,' ' The Merry Wives
f Windsor,' 'The Taming of the Shrew,'
nd 'The Rivals,' himself appearing as Ilam-
't, Othello, Coriolamis, Antony, Shi/lock,
lenry V., Richard II., Malvolio, Caliban,
Fiando, Lysander, Dr. Caius, Petruchio,
»ia Captain Absolute. His provincial pro-
motions include (in addition to the above)
Placbeth,' 'Much Ado about Nothing,'
Bichard III.,' ' Romeo and Juliet, ' Timon
I Athens,' ' The Belle's Stratagem,' ' She
F?ops to Conquer,' ' The School for Scan-
^, Rob Roy,' 'The Lady of Lyons,'
Woney, ' Richelieu,' ' London Assurance,'
piew Men and Old Acres,' 'Priest or
jainter,' ' Robert Macaire,' ' The Corsican
.rothers, etc. In all of these he has under-
Ken a leading rOle. For many years in
iccession he has provided the programme
• }ne Stratford - on - Avon Shakespeare
stivals. In February, 1891, he appeared
tne Vaudeville Theatre, London, as
Rosmer in Ibsen's ' Rosmersholm ' (q.v.).
—Mrs. F. R. Benson has been seen in
London as Oj^helia, Desdemona, Titania
Eatherine in ' The Taming of the Shrew '
etc
Bentivog-lio. (1) Francesca Bentivoglio,
m Tom Taylor's -Fool's Revenge' (q.v.),
is the wife of Galeotto Manfredi, the lord
of Faenza. (2) II Conte Bentivoglio is a
character in C. S. Cheltnam'S 'Dinner for
Nothing' (q.v.).
Bentley, John. Author of ' The Royal
Penitent,' a sacred drama (1803).
Bentley, Richard. Dramatic and
miscellaneous writer, born 1708, died 1782 ;
son of Richard Bentley, the famous scholar ;
author of three plays—' The Wishes' (1761),
'Philodamus' (1767), and 'The Prophet'
(1788)— all of which see. See 'Dictionary
of National Biography ' (1885).
Bentley, Thomas. Dramatic writer ;
son of Dr. Bentley, the scholar ; died 1782 •
author of ' The Wishes,' a comedy ; • Philo-
damus,' a tragedy ; and ' The Prophet,' an
opera— all of which see.
Bentley, Walter [Begg]. Actor, born
at Edinburgh in 1849 ; made his first ap-
pearance on the stage in New Zealand. His
London debut took place at the Court
Theatre in October, 1874, when he played
Stephen Tickle (q.v.) in 'Peacock's Holiday '
(q.v.). In 1875 he " starred" in Scotland in
leading " legitimate " parts, such as Hamlet,
Macbeth, Othello, Iago, Richard III., Shi/-
lock, Richelieu, Claude Melnotte, etc. At
the Lyceum, London, in 1875-78, he figured
as Laertes, Malcolm ('Macbeth'), Clarence
(' Richard III.'). Moray (' Charles I '),
Is'oailles ('Queen Mary'), Olaf (' Vander-
decken'), Tristran ('Louis XL'), Christian
('The Bells'), etc. In 1878 he appeared at
the Haymarket as Asa Trenchard in ' Our
American Cousin,' and in 1879 he played
Rob Roy, Sir Thomas Clifford, and other
leading parts at Sadler's Wells,
Benvolio. Nephew of Montagu and
friend of Romeo, in Shakespeare's tragedy.
He figures in Dowling's travesty of ' Romeo
and Juliet' as Mr. Ben Volio, "a steady
basket-man."
Benyowsky, Count. The 'Memoirs
and Travels ' of this worthy, written by
William Nicholson, were printed in 1790
and reprinted in 1893. His adventures were
made the subject of a drama by Kotzebue,
' Count Benyowsky ; or. The Conspiracy of
Kamtschatka,' English translations of which
were issued by the Rev. V>\ Render in 1798
and by Benjamin Thompson in isoo. Two
English plays have been founded on Ivotze-
bue's work : (1) « Kamtchatka ; or, The
Slaves' Tribute' (q.v.), said to have been
written by Charles Kemble (1811), and
(2) ' Benyowsky ; or. The Exiles of Kams-
chatka,' a musical piece, adapted by James
Kenney' (q.v.), and first performed at Drury
Lane on March 16, 1826, with Bennett in the
title part, WaUack as Stephanof, Harlev as
BENZOX
148
BERNARD
Tristram Stark (a poet), Miss Foote as
Athanasia, etc. In this piece, Benyoicsky
and Stejjhanoff a.ve both conspirators against
the Governor of Kamschatka, and in love
■with his daughter Athanasia. She is given
to Benyoivsky, and Stephanoff in revenge
betravs his comrade. In the end, the
governor makes common cause with Ben-
yoicsky against his sovereign, and joins him
and Athanasia in flying from Kamschatka.
Benzon, Otto. See Make-Beliefs.
Berard, Peter. Translator of 'The
Uncle's Will,' a farce (ISOS).
Bereng-aria, aueen, figures in Mac-
Nally's 'Cu?ur de hion' (q.v.), Hallidav s
' Richard Cceur de Lion ' (q.v.), and Balfe'S
' Talisman' (q.v.).
Berenice. Pi-incess of Eg>^pt, in Mrs.
Wiseman's ' Antiochus the Great' (q-v.).
Berg-mann, Madame. The chief
character in W. Collins's 'Red ViarC^.r.).
Beppo. A burlesque produced in
America by W. F. Florence (q.v.).
Beppo. (1) A young goatherd in J. :M.
Morton's 'Prince for an Hour' ('^.r.). (2)
A character in Byron's 'Young Fra Dia-
volo' (q-v.). (3) A herdsman in Audran's
•Mascotte' (q.v.).
Bering-er, Esme. Actress, daughter
of Mrs. O. Beringer (q.v.); made her pro-
fessional debut in ISSS as Dick Tipton in
Mrs. Burnett's 'Little Lord Fauntleroy'
(q.v.). She was also in the London cast of
her mother's drama, 'Bess' (1893). Her
original roles have included Susan in ' The
New Boy' (1S94) ; Lady Helen in 'The
Ladies' Idol,' Euphemia Schu-artz in 'The
Strange Adventures of Miss Brown,' and
Justina Emptaye in 'The Benefit of the
Doubt ' (1S95) ; ^Avice Bickcrdyke in ' The
Late Mr. Castello,' Cassiopeia in ' A Mother
of Three,' Constance in ' Woman's World,'
Speranza in ' The Pilgi'im's Progress ' (1S96),
and Ethel in 'The Free Pardon' and Kathleen
in ' On Leave ' (1S97). She was in the origi-
nal cast of ' In Days of Old ' and ' Rupert of
Hentzau ' (1899), and " created" the leading
female role in ' Captain Kettle ' (1902), ' Man
and Himself ' (190.3), ' When a Man Marries '
(1904), and ' The Wheat King ' (1904). She
played Romeo at the Prince of Wales's The-
atre, London, on the afternoon of May 15,
1S9C, the heroine of Gilbert's 'Pygmalion
and Galatea' at the same theatre, June 1,
1S97, and Hermia in * A Midsummer Night's
Dream' at the Theatre Royal, Glasgow,
June 14, 1897.
Bering-er, Mrs. Oscar (Aim^e Daniel!)
Dramatic writer ; author of ' Tares ' (1888),
* The Prince and the Pauper,' an adaptation
(1S90), ' Bess ' (1891), ' Snowdrop (1S91), ' The
Hollv Ti-ee Inn,' an adaptation (1891),
• Salve ' (1S95), ' A Bit of Old Chelsea' (1897),
•Jim Belmont ' (1900), and ' Penelope ' (q.v.) ;
co-author, with Henry Hamilton, of ' That
Girl' (1S90), and with Miss Clo Graves of
' Katherine Kavanagh ' (1S91).
Bering-er, Vera. Actress, daughte
of Mrs. O. Beringer (q.v.) ; made her pre
fessional debut as Jack (a child) in hC'
mother's play, 'Tares' (lS8s). She was th
original Little Lord Fauntleroy in Mr;
Burnett's dramatization of her story (1888
and afterwards "created" the parts of th
Prince and Tom Canty in ' The Prince an
the Pauper' (1890), Aphrodite in 'ThatGir,
(1890), Harry in ' The Holly Tree Inn ' (1891
and Florimonde in ' The Pilgrim's Progres:,
(1896). She played Ola f in 'The Pillars •
Society ' (q.v.) in 1889, Juliet at the Prince'
Wales's Theatre, London, on May 15, 189i
Julie in 'Richelieu' at Hollo way in N
vember, 1S9G, and Helena in ' A Midsumm
Night's Dream ' at the Theatre Roys
Glasgow, June 14, 1897.
Bering-hen, The Sieur de, •
Lytton's 'Richelieu' (q.v.), is one of tj
king's attendants, and a conspirator. j
Berinthia. A young widow in Vii
BRUGII's ' Relapse ' (q.v.).
Berkeley, Georg-e Monck. M
cellaneous writer, born 1763, died Vii)
author of ' Nina,' a comedy (17«7), and * L(!
and Nature,' a musical piece (1797). i
Berkeley, Sir "William. Goven
of Virginia, 1660-1676 ; died 1677 ; aut)
of 'The Lost Lady,' a tragi-comedy (q.
and, possibly, of 'Cornelia' (q.v.).
Berliot, Madame. See Madaji
Berliot's Ball. j
Bermudas. A "side-walk merchaif
in A. Daly's 'Under the Gasligf
(q.v.). I
Bernard, Charles. Actor, voca]*
and theatrical manager ; made his debu %
the two first-named capacities in 18461
the Strand Theatre, London, as the cool i
'Love in a Village.' In the following : r
he was employed as " second low come "
at Sadler's Wells under Phelps, returig
afterwards to the Strand, where he v
mained for two or three seasons. J't
came engagements at Drury Lane ui'r
James Anderson and Alfred Bunn ; \i ;
Bernard was the Ferrando in the orig il
production of 'II Trovatore' ((7.r.), pla.2
many other similar parts in Italian a
English opera. He was for three s :t
seasons in succession at the Standard h
Sims Reeves, and subsequently at D 7
Lane, In 1863 he took a comic opera ( i-
panv on tour, and for the next three or ir
years travelled through the provinces, s-
i867 he was stage-manager at the Prin of
Wales's, Liverpool. In 1S73 he bega lo
build the Gaiety Theatre, Glasgow, w re
for some years he maintained a stock n-
panv of unusual excellence, and undei )_k
several successful revivals— notably of ' '!is
and Galatea' ('/.r.) and 'The Gentle f p-
herd ' (q.v.). During the next few yeai ne
became lessee also of the Theatre R >1.
Newcastle, the Theatre Royal, Carlisle ad
BERNARD
149
BERNARD
the Prince's. Manchester, besides con-
trolling several touring companies. In 1S92
he wad appointed manager of the Palace
Theatre, London, but was soon attacked by
the illness to which he finally succumbed
in 1895. In 1885 he married INIiss Annie
Alleyn (q.v.), who died in 1896, He was the
author of several dramatic adaptations—
?iotably of a version of ' The Vicar of Wake-
field ' called ' Primroses ' iq.v.).
Bernard, Charles de. See Maud's
Peril and Still Waters Run Deep.
Bernard, John. Actor, born at Ports-
mouth, 1756 ; died in London, 1828 ; was the
son of a naval lieutenant, and made his
debut at Chew Magna in 1773 as Jaffier.
He afterwards joined the Norwich circuit,
and married Mrs. Cooper, a member of the
company. In 1786 he became manager at
'Swansea, and in October, 1787, made his first
a,ppearance in London at Covent Garden as
Archer in ' The Beaux' Stratagem.' In 1791
he left the metropolis for the provinces, and
in 1792 his wife died. From 1793 to 1796
(when he married Miss Fisher) he Avas at
Covent Garden again, and in 1797 he
accepted an American engagement. His
debut was made at New York in August,
as Goldfinch in ' The Road to Ruin.' Later
in the year he went to Philadelphia, where
he stayed six years, going thence to Boston
in 1803. In 1806 he went into partnership
Avith Powers at the Federal Street Theatre,
Boston, remaining there till 1810. During-
1810-17 he travelled in the States and
Canada. His last appearance was at Boston
in April, 1819 [Ireland says 1813]. A contem-
porary critic wrote: "Bernard has repre-
sented Fribble, Jack Me(jgot, Sir Brilliant
Fashion, etc., with success. There is a light
neatness in his figure, countenance, and
manner that is happily adapted to such
parts." He was the author of ' The Poor
Sailor ; or. Little Bob and Little Ben,' an
operetta (1795), and of a few other pieces,
played in the provinces. He was the father
of Lionel and William Bayle Bernard, both
of which see. His 'Retrospections of the
Stage ' were published in 1830 ; further
'Retrospections' appeared in the 'Man-
hattan and New York Magazine ' (1884) and
Tallis's ' Dramatic Magazine ' (1850-1). See
also ' Biographia Dramatica' (1812), Genest's
' English Stage ' (1832), Dunlop's ' American
Stage' (1833), Ireland's 'New York Stage'
(1866), and 'Dictionarv of National Bio-
graphy ' (1885).
Bernard, Lionel. Actor, born at
Boston, U.S.A., 1818; died at Columbus,
U.S.A., 1862; son of John Bernard (q.v.);
made his d^.but at Philadelphia in April,
Bernard, Mrs. Charles (n^e Tilden).
Actress ; made her debut at New York in
1797, appeared at Washington in 1818, re-
turned to New York in 1828, and played at
Philadelphia in 1831. She died before 1870.
Bernard, Mrs. John (n^e Roberts).
Actress; died 1792: first wife of John
Bernard (q.v.) ; after her marriage played at
Dublin (1780), obtaining popularity as Lucy
in 'The Beggar's Opera;' succeeded Mrs.
Siddons as "leading lady" at Bath, and
made her London debut (with her husband)
at Covent Garden in 1787. See the ' Thespian
Dictionary ' (1805).
Bernard, Mrs. John (nee Fisher).
Actress ; second wife of John Bernard (q.v.);
died at Boston, U.S.A., in 1805.
Bernard, Richard. Clergyman and
miscellaneous writer, born 1566-7, died
1641 ; published a complete translation into
English of the plays of Terence (1598, 1604,
and 1617).
Bernard, Victor. See Out of the
Hunt.
Bernard, William Bayle. Dramatic
writer, born at Boston, U.S.A., 1807; died
at Brighton, 1875; son of John Bernard, the
actor (q.v.) ; was clerk in the army accounts
office, London, from 1826 to 1830, and from
the last-named year devoted himself to
dramatic composition, having already pro-
duced (in 1827) a nautical drama, "'The
Pilot.' He wrote over a hundred pieces,
of which the following are the best known:—
' Casco Bay ' (1827), ''"The Metempsychosis '
(1830), 'The Four Sisters ' (1831), ' The Dumb
Belle ' (1832), ' Rip Van Winkle ' (1832), ' The
Kentuckian' (1833), 'The Mummy' (1833),
' The Nervous Man ' (1833), ' Lucille ; or.
The Story of a Heart ' (1836), ' The Farmer's
Story ■ (1836), ' The Middy Ashore ' (1836),
' The Man about ToAvn ' (1836), ' The Yankee
Pedlar' (1836), 'St. Mary's Eve' (1837),
' Marie Ducange ' (1837), ' His Last Legs '
(1839), ' The Irish Attorney ' (1839), ' The
Boarding School' (1841), 'Blanche de
Valmy' (1845), 'The Round of Wrong'
(1846), 'The Passing Cloud' (1848), 'The
Balance of Comfort' (1854), 'Leon of the
Iron Mask ' (1855), ' The Evil Genius ' (1856),
' A Life's Trial ' (1857), ' The Tide of Time '
(1858), ' Faust ; or, The Fate of Marguerite '
(1866), ' The Doge of Venice ' (1867), ' Love's
Revenge' (1868), 'The Man of Two Lives'
(1869); also, 'The Conquering Game,' 'The
Happiest Man Alive,' 'Locomotion,' 'A
Maiden's Fame,' 'No Name,' 'The Old
Regimentals,' ' Platonic Attachments,' 'A
Practical Man,' 'Robespierre,' 'A Splendid
Investment,' ' A Storm in a Teacup,' ' The
Woman-Hater,' and 'Woman's Faith' (all
of which see). He was also co-author, with
Westland Marston, of a play called 'Tre-
vanion ' (1849). Henry Morley wrote of him
in 1858 as "a playwright who does not look
to France for his material, and though he
wants the Frenchman's art in the construc-
tion of a plot, is well furnished with English
wit and English earnestness of feeling."
He AATote a good deal of theatrical criticism
for the newspapers, and, besides editing
his father's ' Retrospections,' was the author
of a 'Life of Samuel Lover' (1874). See
'Men of the Time' (9th edit.), Fra news-
paper for August, 1875, and ' Dictionary of
National Biography' (1885).
BERNARD-BEERE
150
BESANT
Bernard-Beere, Mrs. See Beere,
Mrs. Bernard.
Bernardo. An officer in 'Hamlet'
(q.V.).
Bernauer, Ag-nes. See Agnes Ber-
NAUER.
Berners, Lord (John Bourchier).
Translator of Froissart ; died 1532 ; author
of 'Ite in Vineam Meam,' a sacred play.
See Wood's 'Athense Oxonienses,' Fuller's
'Worthies,' and Walpole's 'Royal and
Noble Authors.'
Berry. Actor, died January, 1760 ; " was
engaged at Drury Lane in 1728-9. For
some years he chiefly played singing parts ;
in 1734-5 he came into a more regular line
of acting. The Dramatic Censor says he
was respectable in some parts, but drowsy
in others " (Genest).
Berry, Mary. One of the famous
Misses Berry, the friends of Horace Walpole ;
born 1763, died 1852 ; was the author of a
comedy called ' Fashionable Friends,' pro-
duced at Drury Lane in 1802; also, of a
farce, called ' The Martins.' Her ' Journals
and Correspondence' (1783-1852) appeared
in 1865.
Bertha. (1) Daughter of the Duke of
Brabant in Beaumont and Fletcher's
•Beggar's Bush' (g.v.l (2) Daughter of
Caleb Plummer in E. Stirling's ' Cricket
on the Hearth' {q.v.). (3) A character in
W. S. Gilbert and F. Clay's ' Gentleman
in Black' {q.v.). (4) A character in 'The
Point of Honour.'
Bertha, the Sewingr-Machine Girl.
A play by Charles Foster {q.v.\ founded
on a novel, and first performed at the
Bowery Theatre, New York, in August,
1871.
Berthe, the Daug-hter of Boland.
A play adapted from ' La Fille de Roland '
of Henri de Bornier, and produced in
America in November, 1878, with ^Nliss Mary
Anderson as the heroine. "The nobility
and purity of this tragic drama," WTites
Miss Anderson, " always touched the
audience. The period it pictures is chivalric
Charlemagne, still on the throne, full of
honourable years, and the blood of Oliver,
Roland, and their noble companions showing
in the valiant deeds of their sons, and the
pure and courageous characters of their
daughters."
Berthold. (1) A character in Matu-
RlN's 'Fredolpho' {q.v.). (2) Prince Ber-
thold, in Browning's ' Colombe's Birthday '
iq.v.).
Bertholde, Marie. The heroine of
H. R. Addison's ' Marie ' (^.r.).
Bertoldo, Prince. Brother of King
Roberto of Sicily, in Massinger's ' Maid
of Honour' {q.v.).
Bertram ; or. The Castle of St.
Aldobrand. A tragedy in five acts, by
E. C, Maxurin iq.v.)\ first performed at
Drury Lane on May 9, 1816, with Kean in
the title part. Pope as St. Aldobrand, Miss
Soraerville as Imogine, etc. ; first played a1
New York in September of the same year.;
with Mrs. Barnes as the heroine ; performec
at Sadler's Wells in 1847, with Phelps in tht
title part ; revived at Marylebone Theatre
in 1853, with Mrs. Wallack as Imogine
" Imogine, loving and loved by an exilec
ruffian {Bertram), marries, in his absence
Bertram's enemy, St. Aldobrand, in orde
to save her sire from ruin. Bertram, th'
outcast, is wrecked near the castle of th'
wedded pair ; and of course the old lover
encounter each other. Imogine forgets he
duty to her husband, whom Bertram kills
after seducing his wife. . . . Imogine goe
mad, and dies ; whereupon' Bertram . .
kills himself " (Doran).
Bertram. (1) Count of Rousillon i
'All's Well that Ends Well' {q.v.). (2) .
conspirator in Byron's 'Marino Faliero.
{q.v.). (3) The "fiend-father" in R. Lacy'
' Robert the Devil ' {q.v.), and W. S. Gil
BERT'S burlesque so named {q v.). (4
Captain Bertram is a character in Dunlap
'Fraternal Discord' (g.t'.), and a person i
named figures (5) in ' The Birthday ' {q.v.
(6) Henry and Lucy Bertram are characte
in the various versions of Scott'S ' Gt
Mannering' {q.v.). (7) There is a Prin
Bertram in Dryden's 'Spanish Friar '(g.v
and (8) Sir Stephen and Frederick Bertra',
are father and son in Cumberland's ' Jei
{q-v.). '
Bertrand. A character, respectively,
(1) ' The Foundling of the Forest ' and (
'The Woman of the People' {q.v.). {
There is a Dr. Bertrand in Lady Dl
FERIN'S ' Finesse ' {q.v.).
Bertrand, E. C. English playwrig]
born about 1842, died 1887 ; author
' Grandfather's Clock,' ' Blind Justice,' '
Black and White.'
Bertrand et Raton. See Minist
AND THE Mercer.
Bertuccio, Israel. A character
Lord Byron's 'Marino Faliero' (g.v.).
Bertuccio is the name of the "fool " in T
Taylor's ' Fool's Revenge ' {q-v.).
Bertulphe. "Provost of Bruges,"
Sheridan Knowles's play of that na
{q-v-).
Berynthia. An heiress in Bake
' Hampstead Heath ' {q.v.).
Besant, Sir "Walter. Novelist fi
miscellaneous writer ; co-author, w i
James Rice, of dramatic versions of ' Rea •
money Mortiboy ' (1874) and ' Such a G i
Man ' (1880\ and, with Walter Her J
Pollock, of ' The Charm ' (1884), ' The BaD •
Monger' (1887), and some ' Drawing-R(,»
Comedies ' published in 1896. His no ,
' They were Married,' has been draniatij ■
See, also, Armorel of Lyonesse and i
Little Girl.
BESEMERES
BETSY
Besemeres, John. See Daly, John.
Bess. A play in three acts, by Mi's.
Oscar Beringer (g-v.), produced at the
Theatre Roval, Cape Town, December, 1891 ;
first performed in England at Peterborough
on November 7, 1892, with W. H. Vernon as
Joe, Miss Esme Beringer as Nan, and Miss
Genevieve Ward as Bess ; in London, at the
St. James's Theatre, on the afternoon of
June 12, 189.3, with the above players in
their original rdles, H. V. Esmond as Phil,
Seymour Hicks &s Ambrose, J. D. Beveridge
as Dr. }Ve7iham, Miss H. Forsyth as Mrs.
Wenham, Miss K. Phillips as Keziah, etc.
Bess. Daughter of the beggar of Bethnal
Green, in Sheridan Knowles's ' Beggar's
Daughter' (q.v.). Bessy is the name of
the corresponding character in Dodsley's
* Blind Beggar of Bethnal Green ' (^q.v.).
Bess, Queen. See Good Queen Bess.
Bess, Starlight, figures in J. B. Buck-
stone's ' Flowers of the Forest' ((7. r.).
Bessie. A "petite drama" by E. H,
Brooke {q.v.), produced at the Royalty
Theatre, London, on May 1, 1878.
Bessie, Elizabeth. Actress ; author
of 'The Understudy' (1S92), and co-author,
with S. Herberte-Basing, of ' Gringoire '
(1890).
Bessus, in Beaumont and Fletcher's
'A King and No King' (?.v.), is "a swagger-
ing coward, something between Parolles and
Falstaff" (Hazlitt). See Bobadil.
Bessy. See Bess.
Best, "William. See Bellingham,
Henry.
Best Bidder (The). A farce in two
acts, by M. P. Andrews {q.v.\ first per-
formed at Drury Lane on December 11, 1782,
with Parsons Sis'Sir Tedious, Palmer as Count
Bam, Dodd as Lord Beauhoot, Barrymore as
Captain Standard, Baddeley as Snare-'em,
Suett as Inkhorn, and Mrs. Wrighten as
Mrs. Brocade.
Best Intentions (The). A play in
one act, by Percy F. IMarshall and
Richard Pl'rdon, Opera House, North-
ampton, December 11, 1890.
Best Man (The). A farce in three
acts, by Ralph Lumley (q.v.), first per-
formed at Toole's Theatre, London, on
March 6, 1894, with J. L. Toole in the title
trole (Price Puttlow), INIiss B. Lamb as Mrs.
Montaubyn, and other parts by J. Billington
(Sir Lovel Gage), G. Shelton, Miss E. John-
stone, etc. ; first performed in America at
Syracuse, New York State, October, 1894.
Best Man Wins (The). A farce by
Mark Melford, first performed at the
Novelty Theatre, London, January 27, 1890.
Best People (The). A comedy in four
acts, by Mrs. Fairfax, produced at the
Globe Theatre, London, on July 14, 1890.
I , Best Way (The). A "petite comedy"
I m one act, by Horace Wigan (q.v.), first
performed at the Olympic Theatre, London,
on September 27, 1S66, with J. Clayton as
Erskine Speed, the author as Theodore Tonic,
and Miss Lydia Foote as Alice.
Bethlehem G-abor. A play by John
Burk.
Betly. An opera by Donizetti, per-
formed with an English libretto at the
Gaiety _ Theatre, London, in September,
1870, with Miss F. Lancia, Cummings, and
Aynsley Cook in the principal parts.
Betrayed. (1) A play by W. G. Wills
(g'.?;.), adapted from Sardou's * Pa trie,' and
first performed at the Theatre Royal, Edin-
burgh, on August 18, 1873, with Miss Sophie
Young as Dolores, and other parts by Miss
Ellen Meyrick, J. Dewhurst, T. N. Wenman,
Carter Edwards, E. D. Lyons, R. Lyons,
and F. Harvey. (2) ' Betrayed ; or, The
Vicar's Daughter:' a drama in five acts,
adapted by R. Mansell from Goldsmith's
' Vicar of Wakefield,' and first performed
at the Queen's Theatre, Manchester, on
June 28, 1886.
Betrayer of his Country (The).
A tragedy by Henry Brooke (q.v.), acted
at Dublin in 1741 ; revived in 1754 under the
title of 'Injured Honour,' and printed in
1778 as ' The Earl of Westmorland.'
Betrothal (The). A drama in five acts,
by G. H. Boker (q.v.), performed at Phila-
delphia in September, 1850 ; at the Broadway
Theatre, New York, on November 18, 1850,
with Richings, Couldock, F. Conway, Frede-
ricks, Davidge, Whiting, Mrs. Abbott, and
!Mdme. Ponisi (Constanza) in the cast ; pro-
duced at Drury Lane Theatre, London, on
September 19, 1853, with G. V. Brooke as
Marsio, Miss Anderton as Constanza, and
other parts by E. L. Davenport, Belton,
Miss Fetherstone, and Mrs. Belton.
Betsy. A comedy in three acts, adapted
by F. C. BURNAND (q.v.) from the ' B^be' of
Hennequin and De Najac (Gymnase, 1877),
and first performed at the Criterion Theatre^
London, on August 6, 1879, vnfh Miss Lottie
Venne in the title part, W. J. Hill as Alex-
ander Birkett, Lytton Sothern as Adolphus
Birkett, H. Standing as Redmond McManuSy.
G. Giddens as Richard Talbot, A. Maltby
as Sam Dawson, Mrs. Stephens as Mrs.
Birkett, Miss :M. Rorke as Mrs. McManus,
and Miss M. Taylor as Xellie Bassett; revived
at the same theatre in October, 1882, with
W. J. Hill, L. Sothern, H. Standing, and
A. Maltby in their original parts, H. Reeves
Smith as Talbot, Miss Eleanor Bufton as
Mrs. Birkett, Miss K. Rorke as Mrs.
McManus, Miss A. He^vitt as Mdme. Polenta,
and Miss Nelly Bromley as Betsy; at
the same theatre in August, I888, with
Miss Venne, H. Standing, G. Giddens, and
A. Maltby in their original parts, W.
Blakeley as Alexander Birkett, Aubrey
Boucicault as Adolphus, Miss F. Robertson
as Mrs. Birkett, Miss E. Terriss as Nellie,
Miss F. Frances as Mrs. McManus, and Miss
R. Saker as Mdme. Polenta; at the same
theatre in August, 1889, with all the players
BETSY BAKER
152
BETTERTON
just named, save Miss Saker ; at the same
theatre in August, 1892, with W. Blakeley
and G. Giddens as before, Miss Jenny Rogers
as Betsy, D. James, jun., as Dawson, Welton
Dale asAdolphus, S. Valentine as McManus,
Miss F. Frances as Mrs. McManus, Miss M.
Studholme as Nellie, and Miss Ellis Jeffreys
as Mdme. Polenta; at the same theatre in
December, 1896, -with Miss Annie Hughes as
Betsy, Miss C. Addison as Mrs. Birkett,
Miss Sybil Carlisle as Mdme. Polenta, A.
Bishop as Birkett, sen., Aubrey Boucicault
as Birkett, ju7i., J. H. Barnes as McManus,
K. Douglas as Talbot, and J. Welch as
Dawson ; at Wyndham's Theatre, July, 1902.
Betsy Baker ; or, Too Attentive
by Half. A farce in one act, by J. Maddi-
SON Morton {q.v.), first performed at the
Princess's Theatre, London, on November
13, 1850, with Mrs. Keeley in the title part,
Miss Murray as Mrs. Mouser, Keeley as
Marmaduke Mouser, and J. Yining as
Crummy; first played at New York in
February, 1857, with Burton as Mouser,
G. Jordan as Crummy, Miss Weston as Mrs.
Mouser, and INIrs. Skerrett as Betsy. Betsy
has also been played in America by Mrs.
John Drew and Mrs. W. H. Smith. The
farce was revived at the Gaiety, London,
in March, 1871, with Mrs. Keeley in her
original part ; and at Toole's Theatre,
London, on July 1, 1882, with Mrs. Keeley,
J. L. Toole as Mouser, John Billington as
Crummy, and Miss Effie Liston as Mrs.
Mouser. Fitted witli lyrics by Sheldon
Wilson and with music by Meyer Lutz, it
was performed at the Gaiety, London, in
December, 1S83, as ' The Laundry Belle '
iq.v.). Another musical setting of the farce,
by Lawrence Hanray, was brought out at
the Bijon Theatre, Bays water, in February,
1895.
Better Ang-el (The); or,TlieIieg:acy
of "Wrong-. A dramain two acts, by Wybert
Reeve, first performed at the Theatre Royal,
South Shields, in February 1868.
Better Half (The). A comedietta in
one act, by T. J. Williams {q.v.\ adapted
from ' Madame Andre ; ' first performed at
the Strand Theatre, London, on June 26,
1865, with a cast including Parselle, Belford,
and Miss E. Johnstone. See Woman of
Business.
Better Late than Never. (1) A
comedy by William Davies (<?.i'.), written
for a private theatre, and published, with
four other pieces, in 1786. (2) A comedy by
M. P. Andrews and F. Reynolds {q.v.), fir^t
performed at Drury Lane on November 17,
1790, with Mrs. Jordan as Augusta, Palmer
as Sir Charles Chouse, Kemble as Saville,
Baddeley as Grump, Mrs. Goodall as Mrs.
Flurry, Dodd as Flurry, Bannister, jun., as
Litigamus, R. Palmer as Pallet, and Miss
Pope as Diary (a maid). Saville (nephew of
Grump) is a gambler, and Augusta, who is
in love with him, endeavours to cure him of
the vice. In the end she gives him her hand
and fortune. Chouse has an intrigue with
Mid. Flurry. The piece was played in
America in 1796. (3) A comedy in two
acts, by JoiiN BROUGHAM (q.v.), first per-
formed at Brougham's Theatre, New York,
on January 25, 1869, with the author as
Major Fergus O'Shaughnessy. (4) A drama
by Edwin Palmer, Middlesborough, Sep-
tember 5, 1870. (5) A comedy by F. C.
Burnand (q.v.), adapted from 'L'Homme
qui Manque le Coche,' and first performed
at the Royalty Theatre, London, on June 27,
1874, with a cast including C. Kelly, F. B.
Egan, W. Sidney, J. Bannister, Fosbrooke,
and Miss Maggie Brennan.
Better Luck Next Time. A comedy-
drama in three acts, bv Reginald Moore,
Theatre Royal, York, May 20, 1870.
Betterton, Julia. See Glover, Mrs. ,
Betterton, Lord and Lady, figure '
in R. SULiVAN's 'Elopements io High Life.' (
Betterton, Mrs. Thomas [Mary ,
Saunderson]. Actress, died April, 1712;,
was married to Betterton in December, 1662.
She "created" the following (M-ith other)
parts : — Mrs.Aurelia in ' The Cutter of Cole-
man Street' (1661), Porcia in 'The Adven-
tures of Five Hours' (1663), Graciana in
'The Comical Revenge' (1664), in 'The
Amorous Widow' (1670), Virginia in 'The
Unjust Judge ' (1670), Belinda in ' The Man
of the Mode ' (1676), Florella in ' Abdelazer '
(1677), Jocasta in Lee and Dryden's
'CEdipus' (1679), Lucretia in 'Lucius Junius
Brutus' (1681), and the Duchess of Suffolk
in ' The Innocent Usurper ' (1694). Among
her other roles were lanthe in ' The Siege
of Rhodes' (1661), Ophelia (1C61), Juliet
(1662), Lady Macbeth (1664), Queen Katherine
in ' Henry VIII. ' (1664), and the Duchess of
Main (1664). After her husband's death
in 1710— they had had a happy married life
of forty-eight years— she lost (it would seem),
at least for a time, her reason; and the
calamity no doubt hastened her own decease
Pepys was so struck by her performance as
lanthe, that it is by that name he refers tc
her usually in his ' Diary ; ' evidently h(
admired her acting greatly. Colley Cibbei
says of her: "Time could not impair he:
skill, though he had brought her persoi
to decay. She was, to the last, the admira
tion of all true judges of nature and lover
of Shakespeare, in whose plays she chiefl;
excelled, and without a rival. When sh
quitted the stage, several good actresse
were the better for her instruction. Sh
was a woman of an unblemished and sobe •
life."
Betterton, Thomas. Actor, bor
1635 (?), died April 28, 1710 ; son of Matthev
Betterton, who is described as an unde;
cook to Charles II., but described himse
in his will as " gentleman." Thomas Bette
ton was early apprenticed to a bookseller-
according to some authorities, to Joh
Holden, "a friend of Sir W. Davenant, an
the father of one of Sir AVilliam's lad;'
players ; according to other writers, to Job
Rhodes, formerly wardrobe-keeper to ti
actors at Blackfriars. Betterton, it •
I
BETTERTON
BETTERTOX
believed, was himself for a short time
in business as a bookseller. In 1660 he
joined the company with which Rhodes
reopened the Cockpit in Drury Lane as
a theatre. He seems to have come to
the front at once, among his early parts
being those of Pericles, Archas in Fletcher's
'Loyal Subject,' Deflores in Rowley and
3Iiddleton's ' Changeling,' and Marullo in
Massinger's 'Bondman.' When, in June,
1661, Davenant opened the new theatre in
Portugal Row, Lincoln's Inn Fields, with a
company knoAvn as "the Duke's," Betterton
was his " leading man," and is supposed to
have assisted him largely in the production
of his ' Siege of Rhodes ' (in which Betterton
played Soliman), which was brought out
with "new Scenes and Decorations, being
the first that e'er were introduced in Eng-
land." Between 1661 and 1665, when per-
formances were temporarily stayed by the
Plague, Betterton was seen at Lincoln's Inn
Fields as Hamlet (1661), Sir Tohy Belch (1661),
Mercutio (1662), Bosola in ' The Duchess of
Malfy' (1662), Henry VIII. (1663), Macbeth
(1664) ; as well as in the following " original "
■psivts— Colonel Jelly in 'The Cutler of Cole-
man Street ' (1661), Brisac in ' The Villain '
(1662), Don Henrique in ' The Adventures of
Five Hours ' (1663), Lord Beau/ord in ' The
Comical Revenge' (1664), etc. Between
1667 (when the theatres were reopened) and
1671, Betterton "created" Richard III. in
'The Ens^lish Princess' (1667) and Sir
Solomon in Carrol's play so named (1669).
Davenant had died in 166S, and the reins of
"management had been assumed by his son,
Dr. Charles Davenant, with Betterton and
Harris {q.v.) as his colleagues. The com-
pany was not too prosperous, and it was
decided to remove to a larger theatre.
" The site chosen was in Salisbury Court,
Fleet Street," where once had been the Earl
of Dorset's garden, and where "a magnifi-
cent building was erected." In this "every
opportunity was afforded for elaborate
scenery and stage appointments." Better-
ton "is said to have visited Paris, by the
special command of the king, in order to
observe how the English theatre could be
improved in the matter of scenery and
decorations. If he made such a journey,"
observes his latest biographer (1S91), "it
was most probably about this time." The
Dorset Garden Theatre was opened in
November, 1671, and Betterton continued
to be associated with it till 1682. During
this period he "created" the following
(with other) roles : Dorimant in ' The Man
of the Mode ' (1676), Philip II. in Otway's
' Don Carlos ' (1676), Titus in Otway's ' Titus
and Berenice' (1677), Antony in Sedley's
Antony and Cleopatra ' (1677), Wittmore in
Sir Patient Fancy' (1678), Goodvile in
Otway's 'Friendship in Fashion' (1678),
jjiranes^ in Lee's 'Theodosius' (16S0),
itdipus in Dryden and Lee's play so named
(1679), Ccesar Borgia in Lee's play so named
(1680), Castalio in Otway's ' Orphans ' (1680),
Jyucius Junius Brutus in Lee's plav so
named (1681), Beauqard in Otway's ' Soldier's
fortune' (1681), Torrismond in Dryden's
' Spanish Friar ' (1681), and Jaffier in Otwav's
' Venice Preserved ' (1682) ; besides appear-
ing as Macbeth in Davenant's adaptation
(1672), Timon of Athens in Shadwell's adap-
tation (1678), Troilus in Dryden's adaptation
(1679), and King Lear in Tate's adaptation
(1681). By 1682 both "the Duke's" com-
pany and its rival, "the King's," had begun
to suffer from lack of public support.
Accordingly it was determined to unite the
two enterprises, removing them to the
Theatre Royal, where they began operations
in November. Betterton's performances at
this house included the " creation " of the
Duke of Guise in Dryden and Lee's play (1682),
Beaugard in 'The Atheist' (1684), Gayman
in Behn's ' Lucky Chance ' (1687), Jupiter in
Dryden's ' Amphitryon ' (1690), King Arthur
in Dryden and Purcell's work (1691), and the
Old Bachelor and the Double-Dealer in Con-
greve's comedies so named (1693) ; besides
figuring as Othello (l&S'i), Arbaces in 'King
and No King ' (1683), ^Ecius in Rochester's
adaptation of ' Valentinian' (1684), and
Brutus in 'Julius Ca?sar' (1684). In 1692
Betterton lost, through shipA\Teck, all the
money he had invested in the East Indian
venture of a friend. About this time, the
managers of the Theatre Royal sought to
reduce expenses by cutting down the salaries
of the elder players, who accordingly seceded
from the theatre, and. fortified with a royal
licence, opened, in April, 1895, a building
erected for them on the Tennis Court,
Lincoln's Inn Fields, and popularly known
as the New Playhouse. There they started
with Congreve's ' Love for Love ' (q.v.), in
which Betterton "created" Valentine, liis
subsequent original roles including Sir John
Brute in ' The Provoked Wife ' (1697), Aga-
memnon in Granville's 'Heroic Love' (1698),
and Orestes in Dennis's 'Iphigenia' (1699).
In 1700 Betterton received the royal com-
mand to assume the management of the
company, which had become somewhat dis-
organized. He occupied this position till
1705, his original parts in the interval in-
cluding Fainall in ' The Way of the World'
(1700), Memnon in Rowe's ' Ambitious Step-
mother' (1700), Tamerlane in Rowe's play
so named (1702), Horatio in Rowe's ' Fair
Penitent ' (1703), and Sir Timothy Tallapoy
in Rowe's ' Biters ' (1704-5). In the course
of these five years he was also seen as
Falstaff in the first and second parts of
' Henry IV.' (1700) and ' The Merry Wives
of Windsor' (1703-4), Angelo in Gildon's
adaptation of ' Measure for Measure ' (1700),
Bassanio in Lansdowne's adaptation of ' The
Merchant of Venice ' (1701), and Antony in
•All for Love ' (1703-4). March 31, 1705, was
the date of his last appearance at Lincoln's
Inn Fields and as a manager. From that day
to his death he was a salaried actor only,
being engaged at Vanbrugh's Theatre in the
Haymarket, where he ^' created" Don Alvarez
in Vanbrugh's 'Mistake' (1705), Theseus in
Smith's ' Phaedra and Hippolitus ' (1707), and
Virginius in Dennis's ' Appius and Virginia '
(1709), also appearing as Melantius in ' The
Maid's Tragedy,' Morose in 'The Silent
Woman,' Dominic in 'The Spanish Friar,"
BETTERTOX
154
BETTY
and Leontius in ' The Humorous Lieutenant.'
On April 7, 1709, ' Love for Love ' was per-
formed at Drury Lane for the benefit of
Betterton. who reappeared as Valenti.ie,^^!^)^
Dogget, Mrs. Barry, and Mrs. Bracegirdle
also in their original parts ; the receipts
amounted, it is said, to over .500 guineas.
He died, of gout, on April 2S, 1710, and was
buried in Westminster Abbey on May 2.
He had man-ied, in 1662, Mary Saunderson,
who survived him. (See Betterton, Mrs.
Thomas.) Although the leading actor of
his day, at no time"(it is said) did he receive
a larger salary than four pounds a week.
Betterton was' the author (or compiler) of
the following adaptations, all of which
see :— ' The Amorous Widow ; or. The Wan-
ton Wife,' and ' The AVoman made a Jus-
tice ' {circa 1070), ' The Roman Virgin ; or,
The Unjust Judge ' (1670), ' The Revenge '
(16S0), ' The Prophetess' (1690), ' King Henry
IV.' (1700), ' Sequel to Henry IV.' (1719), and
'The Bondman' (1719). Pepys has many
references to Betterton. On November 4,
1661, he records that in his opinion, and in
that of his wife, Betterton is "the best
actor in the world." On May 2S, 1663, he
writes: "Saw 'Hamlett' done, giving us
fresh reason never to think enough of Bet-
terton." "Betterton," writes CoUey Cibber,
" was an actor, as Shakespear was an
author, both without competitors I form'd
for the mutual assistance and illustration
of each other's genius ! How Shakespear
wrote, all men who have a taste for nature
may read and know— but with what higher
rapture would he still be read could they
conceive how Betterton play'd him ! Then
might they know the one was born alone to
speak what the other only knew to write :
... To preserve this medium, between
mouthing and meaning too little, to keep
the attention more pleasingly awake by a
temper'd spirit than by meer vehemence of
voice, is of all the master-strokes of an
actor the most ditiicult to reach. In this
none yet have equall'd Betterton. ... A
farther excellence in Betterton was, that he
could vary his spirit to the different cha-
racters he acted. Those wild impatient
starts, that fierce and flashing fire, which
he threw into Hotspur, never came from the
unruffled temper of his Brutus. ... He had
so full a possession of the esteem and regard
of his auditors, that upon his enti'ance into
every scene he seem'd to seize upon the eyes
and ears of the giddy and inadvertent 1 . . .
In all his soliloquies of moment, the strong
intelligence of his attitude and aspect drew
you into such an impatient gaze and eager
expectation, that you almost imbib'd the
sentiment with your eye before the ear
could reach it, ... I never heard a line in
tragedy come from Betterton wherein my
judgment, my ear, and my imagination were
not fully satisfy'd. . . . Betterton had a
voice of' that ki'nd which gave more spirit
to terror than to the softer passions ; of
more strength than melody. The rage and
jealousy of Othello became him better than
ihe sighs and tenderness of Casfalio. . . .
The person of this excellent actor was
suitable to his voice, more manly than
sweet, not exceeding the middle stature,
inclining to the corpulent ; of a serious
and penetrating aspect; his limbs nearer
the athletick than the delicate proportion ;
yet however form'd, there aro.se from the
harmony of the whole a commanding mien
of majesty, which the fairer-fac'd or (as
Shakespear calls 'em) the curled darlings
of his time ever wanted something to be
equal master of." "Such an actor as Mr,
Betterton," wrote Steele in the Tatter,
"ought to be recorded with the same
re.spect as Roscius among the Romans. I
have hardly a notion that any performer
of antiquity could surpass the action of Mr.
Betterton in any of the occasions in which
he has appeared upon our stage." Bet-
terton, it may be noted, is one of the char
racters in Douglas Jerrold's ' Nell Gwynne'
(q.v.). See Pepys' ' Diary,' Langbaine's
' Dramatic Poets ' (1691), ' Roscius Angli-
canus ' (170S), Gildon's ' Life of Mr. Thomas
Betterton ' (1710), Gibber's ' Apologv' (1740),
Curll's ' Eufflish Stage ' (1741), ' Life of Mr.
Thomas Betterton' (1749), T. Gibber's ' Lives
of the Poets ' (1753), ' Biographia Britannica'
(1777-1793), Davies' ' Dramatic Miscellanies '
(17S4), Dibdin's 'History of the Stage'
(1795), ' Biographia Dramatica ' (1S12), Gait's
♦Lives of the Players' (1831), Genest's
'English Stage' (1S32), 'Dictionary of
National Biography' (1SS5), and R. W.
Lowe's ' Betterton ' (1S91).
Betterton, "William. Actor ; a mem-
ber of the company ^\'ith which John Rhodes
reopened the Cockpit in Drury Lane in 1660 ;
dro^vned while swimming in the Thames at
Wallingford.
Bettina. (1) The "blossom of Churning-
ton Green" in H. J. Byron's burlesque
so named. (2) The heroine of Audran's
•La Mascotte' (q.v.).
Betty, Henry. Actor, son of W. H. W.
Betty ('/.'-■.); born in London, September,
1819 ; was educated for the ministry, but
after a few years' study elected to join
the histrionic profession. He appeared at
Gravesend in October, 1835, as Selim in
' Barbarossa,' but his first regular engage-
ment was at Hereford, where he made his
debut in August, 1838. After this, he
played a round of leading "legitimate"
parts in all the chief towns in the provinces,
receiving in 1840 an invitation to appear
in London, which he declined. His first
appearance in the metropolis was made at
Covent Garden on December 28, 1S44, when
he was seen as Hamlet. Representations
of Macbeth, Othello, Rolla, Alexander the
Great, William Tell, and Claude Mdnotte
followed. In September, 1845, he acted
at the Pavilion Theatre, and in February,
1846, at the Queen's, whence he returned
to the Pavilion. His last engagement was
at the Olympic. He died in 1S97. See
' Theatrical Times,' November 14, 1846.
Betty, WiUiam Henry West.
Actor, born at Shrewsbury, ."September,
1791 ; died in London, August, 1874 ; lives
BETTY
155
BEVERIDGE
in theatrical history as " The Infant Ros-
cius." While he was still very young, his
parents removed from Shrewsbury to
County Down, Ireland, where his father
traded as farmer and linen-manufacturer.
The boy early showed aptitude for learning
and reciting dramatic verse, in which he
was encouraged and instructed by his
accomplished mother. A performance by
Mrs. Siddons at Belfast is said to have fired
him with the desire to tread the "boards,"
and he made his dehut, accordingly, at
Belfast on August 19, 1803, as Ostnan in
the 'Zara' (q.v.) of Aaron Hill, also appear-
ing there during the same month as Douglas,
Holla, and Romeo. His success was im-
mediate and great, and in the following
November and December he figured at the
Crow Street Theatre, Dublin, adding to his
list of parts Hamlet, Prince Arthur (' King
John'), Tailored in 'Tancred and Sigis-
munda,' and Frederick in ' Lovers' Vows.'
After this came engagements at Cork,
Waterford, Glasgow (May and June, 1804),
Edinburgh, and Birmingham (August, 1804),
his efforts exciting "society" and the
masses to equal enthusiasm. His first
appearance in London took place at Covent
Garden on December 1, 1804, the rOle being
Selini in 'Barbarossa.' He was engaged
for twelve performances at fifty guineas
each, with a "benefit." On December 10
he began at Drury Lane (as Douglas) an
engagement for twenty-eight nights, the
gross takings for the period amounting to
more than £17,000. The youthful player
quite turned the head of the public ; he was
presented to Royalty ; and on one occasion,
we are told, the House of Commons ad-
journed in order to be in time to see his
representation of Ilamlet. A provincial
tour was followed by a London rcntree in
1805; he then appeared for twenty-four
nights at Covent Garden and Drury Lane
alternately. Later in the year he added, in
London, to his repertory the rdlcs of
Richard III., Macbeth, Zanga in 'The
Revenge,* and Dorilas in ' Mer'ope.' After-
wards came further representations in the
country; and on March 26, 1808, young
Betty made, at Bath, his last appearance
as a boy-actor. He studied for a time under
a private tutor, and then at Christ's College,
Cambridge (July, 1808, to June, 1811), which
he left at the death of his father. On
February 15, 1812, he made his debut as an
adult player at Bath, and in the character
of the Earl of Essex. In London (Covent
Garden) he reappeared on November 3,
1812, in his old part of Selim. His triumphs
as a young man were not so conspicuous
as those obtained when he was a prodigy ;
and though he remained on the metro-
pohtan and provincial stage till August 9,
1824 (when he said farewell at the South-
ampton Theatre), he did not arouse the
same measure of enthusiasm as of yore.
For the next fifty years he lived in retire-
ment. See 'Life of the Celebrated and
Wonderful Young Roscius' (1804), Genest's
' English Stage' (1832), and the ' Dictionary
of National Biography ' (1885).
Betty : or, The Country Bumpkins.
A ballad farce by HEiNRT Carey {q.v.), per-
formed at Drury Lane in December, 1732.
Betty Martin. A farce, adapted by
A. Harris {q.v.) from 'Le Chapeau de
L'Horloger' of Mdme. Girardin, and first
performed at the Adelphi Theatre, London,
on March 8, 1855, with Mrs. Keeley in the
title part. "Mrs. Keelev," wrote Henry
Morley, "is in force as BMy Martin, the
distressed maid of a choleric maior. She
has broken the house clock, and inflicts
tortures on Major Mohawk, not only by her
terrors at the catastrophe, but by her in-
genious efforts to prevent its discovery."
See Clockmaker's Hat.
Between you and me and the Post.
A burlesque of ' Arrah-na-Pogue' {q.v.) by
J. SCHONBERG ; Rushton's Theatre, New
York, 1866.
Between the Posts. A comedietta
in one act, by Mrs. Hugh BELL(g.«;.), first
performed at Newcastle-on-Tyne in Sep-
tember, 1887 ; turned by the authoress into
French under the title of ' L'Indecis,' and
represented at the Royalty Theatre, London,
in November, 1887, with M. Coquelin in the
chief part. See Man that Hesitates, The.
Beulah Spa ; or, Two of the B'hoys.
A farce by Charles Dance {q.v.), first per-
formed at the Olympic Theatre, London, on
November 18, 1833, with Mdme. Vestris as
Caroline Grantley, and other parts by Mrs.
Tayleure, J. Vining, J. Brougham, F. Mat-
thews, Keeley, and Webster, jun. ; first per-
formed at New York in October, 1834.
Beveridg-e, James D. Actor, bom
at Dublin in 1844 ; made his professional
d(^but at Oldham in August, 1861, in
' Pizarro,' and his first appearance in
London at the Adelphi in October, 1869,
as Lord Alfred Colebrooke in Byron and
Boucicault's 'Lost at Sea' {q.v.). At the
Princess's, he played Laertes to the Hamlet
of Fechter, afterwards returning to the
Adelphi to "create" Ernest Glendinning
in Byron's ' Prompter's Box ' (1870). After a
three years' tour with the "Caste" com-
pany, he reappeared in London as the
original Claude Ripley in Byron's ' Time's
Triumph' (1873). He was then seen as
First Actor in 'Hamlet' at the Lyceum
(1874-5). Among subsequent performances
in the provinces were his Marc Antony
in ' Julius Ca?sar,' Henry Beauclere in
* Diplomacy,' and the Prince in ' Broken
Hearts.' Since 1879 J. D. Beveridge has
figured in London in the original casts of
'Mary Stuart' (1880), 'His Wife' (1881),
' Taken from Life ' (1881), ' In the Ranks '
(1SS3), 'The Last Chance' (1885), 'The
Harbour Lights' (1885), 'The Bells of
Haslemere' (1887), 'The Union Jack '(1888),
'The Silver Falls ' (1888). 'London Day by
Day' (1889), 'Jess' (1890), 'The English
Rose' (1890), 'The Trumpet Call' (1891),
' The W^hite Rose ' (1892), ' The New Boy '
(1894), 'Old Heidelberg' (1903), etc. He
has also been seen in London in revivals of
BEVERLEY
156
BEWITCHED
'An English Gentleman' (1S79). 'The Castle
Spectre' (Osmond) (ISSO), 'Adrienne Lecou-
vreur' {Prince de Bouillon) (ISSO'), 'Macbeth'
pracdun) (1SS6), 'The Shaughraun' (Kin-
chela) (iSS9), 'Black-Eyed Susan ' (1S96), etc.
In 'Hazel Klrke,' at the Vaudeville in
lbS6, he played Aaron Rodney.
Beverley. (I) The hero of Moore's
'Gamester' (5. r.); described by a critic as
*' but a poor creature, who at no time enlists
the sympathies of his audience. His pas-
sion for play is without the enthusiasm that
might have' gained for it some measure of
respect. The spectator can only feel con-
tempt for a man vrho so readily permits
himself to be duped, and endures his mis-
fortunes with so little fortitude. Still,
Beverley is permitted one of those agonizing
death-scenes which have always been dear
to tragedians." (2) Beverley, in A. Murphy's
' All in the Wrong,' is in love with Belinda.
(3) Beverley, in 'the Virtuous Wife' (q.v.),
is the husband of Olivia.
Beverley, Mrs. Wife of "the game-
ster" in Moore's play of that nsnae (q.v.).
Of Mrs. Siddons's assumption of this
character Hazlitt vrrote : " We remember
her manner in ' The Gamester,' when
Stukeley declares his love to her. The
look, tirst of incredulity and astonishment.
then passing suddenly into contempt, and
ending in bitter scorn, and a convulsive
hurst of laughter, all given in a moment,
and laying open every movement of the soul,
produced an effect which we shall never
forget." Charlotte Beverley in the same play
is sister to the hero, and beloved by Leicson
(q-i:).
Beverley, Ensign. The name under
which Captain Absolute in 'The Eivals'
(q.v.) is first known to Lydia Lanyuish.
Beverley, Henry. Actor, bom at
Hull ; after playing in the provinces, made
his London debut at Covent Garden in ISOO
as David in ' The Rivals ; ' was the original
of Boreas in J. S. Coyne's 'All for Love,'
Gripe in Kerr's ' Intimate Friend,' etc. ;
and shared low-comedv parts with Keelev
at the West London Theatre (lS17-l9y. In
Oxberry's ' Dramatic Biography ' (1S26) we
find him described as " an actor who, with
many things to forget, possesses more
genuine humour than half the comedians
of our national theatres."— His wife (a Miss
Chapman) made her first appearance in
London at Covent Garden in ISOl. as Cherry
in ' The Beans' Stratagem.' See the
* Thespian Dictionary ' (ISua).
Beverley, Henry Roxby. Actor,
son of William Beverley ; born 1796, died
1863 ; made his first professional appearance
at the theatre in Tottenham .Street, London,
then called the Regency, and managed by
his father. He is best remembered "for his
performances at the Adelphi Theatre in
1S3S, when he enacted Xearnan Nogos in
' Nicholas Nickieby,' and figured in ^^ The
Dancing Barber' and other pieces. In 1S39
he became lessee of the Victoria Theatre,
and afterwards played many engagements
in the provinces. A"ccording to John Ryder
(J. Coleman's ' Players and Playwrights'),
H. Beverley was called "The Beauty,"
because he was so ugly, and was "the
drollest comedian I ever saw in my Ufa,
not even excepting Liston."
Beverley, Robert Roxby. See
Roxby, Robert.
Beverley, Samuel Roxby. See
Roxby, Samuel.
Beverley, "William [Roxby]. Thea-
trical manager ; originally in the navy ; at
one time (1S15-1S21) lessee of the theatre
in Tottenham Street, London, then called
the Regency, where he introduced French
plays and players to London audiences;'
afterwards director of the Theatre Roya .
Manchester, and later, of the theatrical cii*|
cuit comprising Shields, Stockton, Durham,
Sunderland, and Scarborough. His sons,
Robert, Samuel, and Henry (q.v.), were allj
actors ; his son WilUam (q.v.) was a weF
known scenic artist. See RoxBY, ROBI
and Samuel.
Beverley, "William Roxby. Seer
artist, born ISIO, died 1SS9 ; son of W.
Beverley (q.v.); is said to have begun '.
career as a provincial actor, under '
father's management. He seems, howev€
to have found out speedily that his for
was the pictorial, not the histrionic ;
soon acquired local distinction as a paint
for the theatres, notably at Manchester.
Among his earliest engagements was one at
the Coburg (afterwards the Victoria) Theatre,
which was followed by one at the Princess's,
then under the management of J. ]\Iedes
Maddox. From 1S47 to 1S55 he was at the
Lyceum, then under the direction of Charles
M'athews and Mdme. Vestris, and there he
supplied most of the scenery for the long
series of fairy extravaganzas by J. E.
Planche. From the Lyceum he passed tc
Drury Lane and Covent Garden, working at
the former during the winter and at the
latter during the summer, for a period 01
sixteen years (1S55-71). At the latter house
he painted the principal scenes for the
opei-as pi'oduced by Gye ; at the former, ht
provided the pictorial background for man}
of Shakespeare's plays, for plays based 01
the novels of Walter Scott, and for numerou
pantomimes. He also furnished the sceni'
decoration for Albert Smith's ' :Mont Blanc
entertainment at the Egyptian HaU (1S52).
Bevil is the name of a character ir
respectively, (1) Lord Orrery's ' As Toi
Find It,' (2) Steele's ' Conscious Lovers,
and (3) Miles's 'Artifice.' (4) Fraiwis
George, and Harry Bevil are three brother
(an "^M.P., a soldier, and a lawj-er) i
O'Brien's 'Cross Purposes' (q.v.).
Bewitcbed. "A three -act farcis
scream" by E. E. KlDDER (g.r.), performe
in America in 1SS7-8. with Sol .Smith Russet
in the principal role. The plot turns 0
the charms worked by a wonderful amule
BEYOND
157
BICKERSTAFFS BURIAL
•which Colonel Chillecurry brings home with
him from India.
Beyond. A dramatic " study," founded
on a story by Rene Maizeroy, and performed
at the Criterion Theatre, London, on the
afternoon of February 1, 1894, by Mrs.
Beniard-Beere and Arthur Bourchier.
Blilutzlierran"blaothruni ; or, The
Dwarf of the Diamond Dell. A pan-
tomime by Frederick Marchant, pro-
duced at the Britannia Theatre, London,
December 26, 1868.
Bianca. (1) Mistress of Cassio in
'Othello' (q.v.). (2) Daughter of Baptista
and sister of Katherine in 'The Taming
of the Shrew' {q-v.). (3) A character in
MiDDLETON'S ' Women beware Women '
{q.v.). "The proneness of Bianca to tread
the primrose path of pleasure, after she
has made the first false step, and her
sudden transition from unblemished virtue
to the most abandoned vice, form a true and
striking picture." (4) Bianca, in Milman's
'Fazio' {.q.v.), is the wife of the hero.
Bianca. (1) A tragedy by R. Shepherd,
printed in 1772. (2) ' Bianca ; or, The
Brave's Bride:' a "legendary opera," in
four acts, written by J. Palgravk Simp-
son {q.v.), composed by M. W. Balfe {q.v.),
and first performed at Covent Garden
Theatre on December 6, 1860, with Miss
Louisa Pyne as Bianca, W. Harrison as For-
tespada, the bravo, and H. Corri and C.
Lyall in other parts.
Bianca Capello. A dramatic narra-
tive, translated from the German of ilelss-
ner by A. Thomson, and printed in 1796.
Bianca, who was the wife of Cosmo de Me-
dici, is the heroine of a novel by Lady
Lytton.
Bianca Visconti. A tragedy by N. P.
Willis {q.v.), first performed at the Park
Theatre, New York, on August 25, 1837, with
I\Iiss Clifton in the title part, Placide as
Fasquali, and C. Mestayer as Giulio.
Biarritz. A musical farce in two acts,
dialogue by J. K. Jerome, lyrics by Adrian
Ross, and music by F. Osmond Carr ; first
performed at the Prince of W^ales's Theatre,
London, on April 11, 1896, with Arthur
Roberts as John J. Jenkins, and other parts
by F. Kaye, E. Thome, Miss P. Broughton,
Miss M. Hylton, Miss K. Loftus, etc.
Bias, Justice. A character in J.
Walker's ' Factory Lad' {q.v.).
Bibb and Tucker. A comedy in two
acts, adapted from 'Tricoche et Cacolet'
{q-v.), and first performed at the Gaiety
Theatre, London, on August 14, 1873, with
L. Brough and J. L. Toole in the title parts,
and other roles by R. Soutar, T. Maclean,
and Miss E. Farren,
Bibber. (1) A tailor in Dryden's ' Wild
Gallant' {q.v.) ; the original of Tom Thimble
{q.v.) in ' The Rehearsal ' {q.v.). (2) A cap-
tarn in Jones's ' Green Man ' {q.v.).
Bibbs. The name of four characters in
W. E. SUTER'S Quiet Family' {q.v.)— Mr.
and Mrs. Barnaby Bibbs, and Mr. and Mrs.
Benjamin Bibbs.
Bibby. The name of an actor who ap-
peared at the Park Theatre, New York, in
February, 1815, as Sir Archy McSarcasm^
subsequently playing Bichard III., Shy-
lock, Sir Pertinax McSycophant, and other
parts. In 1816 he was seen at Covent
Garden as Sir Pertinax and in other rdles.
and Hazlitt then wrote of him that he had
" a great deal of that assumed decorum
and imposing stateliness of manner which,
since the days of Jack Palmer, has been a
desideratum on the stage. In short, we
have had no one who looked at home in a
fuU dress coat and breeches. Besides the
more obvious requisites for the stage, the
bye-play of the new actor is often excellent :
his eye points what he is going to say ; he
has a very significant smile, and a very
alarming shrug with his shoulders" ('The
English Stage,' 1818). Bibby afterwards le-
turned to New York, left the stage, and
turned his attention to the law. Ireland,
in his ' New York Stage ' (1866), speaks of
him as having attracted attention by the
perfection of his imitations of George
Frederick Cooke.
Bibliothekar (Der). A farcical comedy
in four acts by Von MoSER, English adapta-
tions of which have appeared under the titles
of 'The Librarian' {q.v.) and 'The Pi'ivate
Secretary' {q.v.\ It was performed, in the
original German, at the Bowery, New York,
in November, 1884, and at the Opera,
Comique, London, on October 20, 1894.
Biceps, Frank. A medical student in
T. Parry's ' Eugenia Claircille.'
Biche au Bois (La). See Black
Crook, The; Princess changed into a.
Deer ; ami White Fawn.
Bickerstafif, Isaac. Dramatist, born
1735, died 1787 ; author of ' Leucothoe '
(1756), 'Thomas and Sally' (1760), 'Love in
a Village ' (1763), 'The Maid of the Mill'
(1765), ' Daphne and Ariadne ' (1765), ' The
Plain Dealer' (1766), 'Love in the City'
(1767), 'Lionel and Clarissa' (1768), 'The-
Absent Man' (1768), 'The Royal Garland'
(1768), 'The Padlock' (176S), 'The Hvpo-
crite (1768), ' The Ephesian Matron ' (1769),
'Dr. Last in his Chariot' (1769), 'The
Captive' (1769), 'A School for Fathers'
(1770), ' 'Tis Well it's No Worse ' (1770), ' The
Recruiting Sergeant ' (1770), ' He Would if
he Could' (1771), and 'The Sultan' (1775)
He also wrote an oratorio ' Judith ' (1764),
and is said to have been the author of ' The
I Spoiled Child' {q.v.). See 'The British
Theatre,' ' The British Acting Drama,' Inch-
bald's ' Collection of Farces,' ' The Bio-
graphia Dramatica ' (1818), Hazlitt's ' Comic
Writers.'
Bickerstaff's Burial (A) ; or, "Work
for the Upholders. A farce by Mrs.
Centlivre {q.v.), first performed at Drury
Lane on March 27, 1710, with Norris, Bick-
erstafif, and Mrs. Knight in the chief parts.
BICKERSTAFF'S UNBURIED DEAD 158
BILL OF FARE
"The scene lies in an island in which it is
the custom of the country for a wife to be
buried with her husband, if he should hap-
pen to die first ; and vice versa. The plot
is taken from one of Sindbad's voyages in
the ' Arabian Nights ' " (Genest). The piece
seems to have been revived, some years
afterwards, under the title of ' The Custom
of the Country.' See Gallic Gratitude ;
Illustrious Stranger.
Bickerstaff's TJnburiea Dead. A
moral drama in two acts, first performed at
Lincoln's Inn Fields on January 14, 1743.
" It is, of course, founded on the Tatler.
The Unburied Dead are persons of both
sexes, who lead useless lives. They are
brought before Bickerstaff for examination "
(Genest). Two of the characters are called
Seizecorpse and Coquette Lady. The piece
was revived at Covent Garden in ITOti, under
the title of ' Live Lumber ; or, The Un-
buried Dead.'
Bicknell, Alexander. Author of
• The Patriot King,' a tragedy (1788).
Bicknell, Mrs. Actress, died 1723 ; was
the original representative of Cherry in ' The
•Beaux' Stratagem,' Alison in ' The Wife of
Bath' (,q.v.\ Kitty in 'What d'ye call it?'
Mrs. Clinkett in ' Three Hours after Mar-
riage,'I/acZy Wrangle in 'The Refusal,' etc.
She also undertook Phcedra (' Amphitryon '),
Miss Priie ('Love for Love'), Miss Hoyden
(♦ The Relapse'), Sylvia(' Recruiting Officer'),
Lady Sadlife ('The Double Gallant'), and
other parts. The Tatler (1709) speaks of her
as having " a'certain grace in her rusticity."
See Genesfs ♦ English Stage ' (1832).
Bicycle Girl (The). (1) A play by
M. A. Wolf, first performed at Red Bank,
New Jersey, U.S.A., August 21, 1895. (2)
A play by Louis Harrison, first performed
at Park Theatre, Philadelphia, September
23, 1895.— (3) ' Bicyclers : ' a dramatic piece
by John Kendrick Bangs, first performed
at the Tremont Theatre, Boston, U.S.A.,
November 14, 1S95. (4) 'The Bicycle:' a
comedietta by Mrs. Hugh Bell (q.v.), per-
formed at the Comedy Theatre, London,
March 12, 1896. See Cycling and Lady
Cytlist.
Biddle, Edward. Author of a dra-
matic fragment called ' Augustus ' (1717).
Biddy? Miss. The heroine of Gar-
rick's ' 31iss in her Teens ' (q.v.).
Bideth.e Bent. A character in operatic
and dramatic versions of 'The Bride of
Lammermoor' (q.v.).
Bidlake, Rev. John. Master of Ply-
mouth Grammar School ; author of ' Vir-
ginia,' a tragedy (1800).
Bier Kroeg. See Barnett, C. Z.
Bifl&n. (1) A character in ' A Fast Train '
(q.v.). (2) Arabella Biffin is aunt to Clara
in ' Aggravating Sam ' (q.v.). (3) There is
a Miss Biffin in J. B. Buckstone'S * Popping
the Question ' (q.v.).
Big- Bandit (A). A musical piece in
one act, written by Malcolm Watson,
composed by Walter Slaughter : St. George's
Hall, London, April 30, 1894.
Big- Bonanza (The). A farcical comedy
in four acts, adapted by Augustin Daly
(q.v.) from the ' Ultimo ' of Von Moser, and
first performed at the Fifth Avenue Theatre,
New York, in February, 1875, with Jamea
Lewis as Prof. Cadwallader, Miss F. Daven-
port as Eugenia Cadwallader, INIrs. Gilbert
as Carolina Cadwallader, Miss E. Rigl as
Virgie, and John Drew as Bob Buggies;
revived in August, 1875, with Maurice
Barryraore as Bob. See ON 'Change.
Big Pony (The). A comic opera,
written by A. C. WHEELER and composed
by E. J. Darling, produced in New York in
March, 1887, with N. C. Goodwin in the
title part and Miss Lilian Grubb as the
heroine.
Big Rise (The). A play by Augustus
Thomas (q.v.), suggested by the Mississippi
floods, and performed in America.
Big-ot (The). A play by F. C. Grove, per-
formed at the Lyric Hall, Ealing, November
19, 1890.
BigTvigga. A fairy "counsel" in F.
Talfourd's ' Abou Hassan ' (q.v.).
Bijou. A character in G. A. 1 Beckett's
' Postilion ' (q.v.). See Babil and Bijou.
Bilberry. (1) A ploughboy in H. T.
Craven's 'My Preserver' (q.v.). (2) There
is a Billy Bilberry in C. H. Hazlewuod's
'Ashore and Afloat' (q.v.), and (3) a Mr.
Bilberry figures in J. M. MORTONS 'Irish
Tiger' (q.v.).
Bilboa. See Bayes.
Biles. A lawyer's clerk in H. T. Craven's
' Miriam's Crime ' (q.v.).
Bilious Attack (A). A farce in one
act, by ARTHUR Wood (q.v.), first performed
at the Holborn Theatre, London, on April
18, 1870, with the author as Job Jinniwin,
"a bilious subject."
Bilkins, Taylor. Author of 'In
Three Volumes,' a farce (1871), 'A Christ-
mas Pantomime' (Court Theatre, London,
1871), etc.
Bill, Bloodred. A character in Ste-
phens and Solomon's ' Claude Duval ' (q.v.).
Bill Johnson, the Hero of the
Thousani Isles. A patriotic drama
first performed at New York in 1839, with
J, P. Adams in the title part.
Bill Jones. See Amherst, G. A.
Bill of Exchange. A comedy b:
David Fisher, Theatre Royal, Brighton
September 18, 1879,
Bill of Fare (The) ; or, For Furthe:
Particulars 'Enciuire Within. I
farcical sketch in one a<:t, first performei
at the Havmarket on June 15, 1822, witl
Terrv as Solomon Strutt (a country manager)
BILL OF THE PLAY
BILLINGTON
Oxberry as Samuel Stinrjo, ^V. West as
Jiobin Rattletrap, Lee as Looney Mactwolter,
and Mrs. Chatterley as Cicely Homesimn
and in six other characters.
Bill of tlie Play (The). See Play-
bills.
Billee Taylor. A nautical comic opera,
words by H. P. Stephens {q.v.), music by
Edward Solomon {q.v.), first performed at
the Imperial Theatre, London, on October
30, 18S0, with Frederick Rivers in the title
part, Fleming Norton as Captain Flapper,
Arthur Williams as ,S'iV Mincing Lane, J.
D. Stoyle as Ben Barnacle, F. A. Arnold as
Christopher Crab, Miss Kathleen Corri as
Phoebe Fairleigh, Miss Emma Chambers as
lArabella Lane, Miss Edith Vane as Sudan,
'Miss Harriett Coveney as Fliza JJabbsey, and
'Miss Ewell as J"a?ie Scraggs ; performed at
the Standard Theatre, New York, in 1881 ; at
the Gaiety Theatre, London, in November,
,1885, with Miss Coveney as Eliza, Miss
iMarion Hood as Phoebe, Arnold Breeden as
\Billee, Arthur Roberts as Barnacle, and
Squire, Jarvis, and G. Honey in other parts ;
at Toole's Theatre, London, in August, 1886,
with Miss Emily Spiller as Billee, Miss
Harriett Vernon as Phoebe, Miss Coveney
as Eliza, H. De Lange as Ben Barnacle,
and Arthur Williams as FlapiJer. See Billy
Taylor.
Billiards. A comedy by E. F. Thorne,
produced at Niblo's Garden, New York, on
the afternoon of September 5, 1878, with
the author as Sam Sample. In the course
of the performance a "match" game of
billiards was played.
Billibarlo. A gamin of Naples in R.
B. Brough's ' Masaniello' ('j-.^-.).
Billing- and Cooing*. A comedy in
two acts, by JoH.x Oxenford (q.v.), first
played at the Royalty Theatre, London, on
.June 16, 1865, with J. G. Shore as Sir
Thomas Turtle, who, in the end, pairs off
with Lady Bell Honeycombe, Gilbert Easy
marrying Jiilia Stately, and Theodore Fret-
Ueigh espousing Clarissa Tantrum.
Billington, Adeline [Mrs. John
iBiUington]. Actress ; after experience in
the provinces (including an appearance as
\Juliet to the Borneo of Miss Charlotte Cush-
iman), made her first appearance in London
in 1857 at the Adelphi, as Venus in Selby's
!' Cupid and Pysche' (q.v.). She remained
iat that theatre till 1868, appearing in the
original London casts of 'The Colleen
Bawn' (Mrs. Cregan), 'The Life of an
Actress' (Julia), 'Aurora Floyd' (Mis.
Powell), 'Rip Van Vfinkle ' (GretchcJi), 'No
Thoroughfare' (The Veiled Lady), Byron's
'Babes in the Wood' (Lady Macassai-), 'A
Woman of Business' (Hon. Shrimpington
Siiuillpiece), and ' Maud's Peril ' (Susan
Taperley), as well as in revivals of 'The
lElowers of the Forest ' (Ci/nthia), ' Lost in
;London' (Tiddy Dragglethorpe), 'Green
{Bushes' (Miami), and 'Fazio' (Aldabella).
She afterwards "created" the roles of Mrs.
Baker in 'Formosa' (1869), Margaret in
' Hinko '^(1871), Pragma in ' Babil and Bijou'
(1872), Mrs. Valentine in ' Rough and Ready'
(1874), Duchess d'Aubeterre in ' Proof ' (1878),
Io7ia Hessel in 'Quicksands' (1880), Mrs\
Darlington in ' Youth ' (1881), Dame Chris-
tiansen in ' Storm-Beaten ' (1883), Lady
Sherlock in 'Rank and Riches ' (1883), 3Wwc.
de Perigny in 'Princess Georges' (1885),
Lady Charteris in 'Mr. Barnes of New
York' (1888), and Marie Anne in ' The Grand-
sire' (1889), besides appearing as Mrs.
Brulgruddery in 'John Bull' (Gaiety, 1872),
Servia in ' Virginius ' (Surrey, 1880), the
Widow Melnotte (Lyceum, 1883), Mrs. Hard-
castle (Opera Comiqne, 1887), Mrs. Malaprop
in 'The Rivals' (Optira Comique, 1887),
Paulina in 'The Winter's Tale '(1887), the
Nurse in ' Romeo and Juliet,' and Daphne
in 'Pygmalion and Galatea' (q.v.). Mrs.
Billington has been seen in the country
in the leading female role of ' Chained to the
Oar,' ' Olive Branch,' and * Rough and
Ready.'
Billington, John. Actor, born 1830 ;
began his professional career in the English
provinces, and in April, 1857, made his
London debut at the Adelphi as Harry
Mou'bray in ' Like and Unlike ' (q.v.). During
the next eleven years he appeared at the
same theatre in the following ori;iinal roles :
Walter in ' The Poor Strollers (1858), Dubois
in ' Ici on Parle Frangais ' (1859), Frederick
Wardour in ' The House or the Home '
(1859), Beaumont Fletcher in ' One Touch of
Nature ' (1859), St. Valeric, father and son,
in ' The Dead Heart ' (1859), Owen Percival
in ' Paper Wings ' (1860), Count D'Arcy in
'Magloire' (1861), Ned Plummer in 'Dot'
(1S62), John Mellish in ' Aurora Floyd ' (1863),
Alfred Casby in ' Hen and Chickens ' (1863),
Mr. Hall in ' A Woman of Business' (1864),
Kit Coventry in ' Through Fire and Water '
(1865), Ahmedoolah in ' A Sister's Penance'
(1866), Luke Blom field in 'Dora' (1867), Sir
Ralph in 'Maud's Peril' (1867), Walter
Wilding in ' No Thoroughfare ' (1867) ; as
well as in the original London casts of
' The Colleen Bawn ' (Hardress Cregan),
'The Octoroon' (George Peyton), 'Rip Van
Winkle ' (Hendrick in the last act), and as
Modus in ' The Hunchback ' (1865). Among
other parts of which he has been the first
representative may be named Bob Olive in
'Behind the Curtain' (1870), Sir Percival
Glyde in 'The Woman in White' (1871),
Martin Gurder in ' Dead Man's Point ' (1871),
Mark Musgrave in ' Rough and Ready ' (1874),
Gottfried in ' Gretchen ' (1879), Lord Hesketh
in ' The Upper Crust' (1880), Major-General
Mogador in ' Auntie ' (1882), Josiah Pap-
tvorth in 'Girls and Boys' (1882), Mr.
Pappendick in 'The Don' (1888), and Sir
Lovel Gage in ' The Best Man ' (1894) ; besides
figuring in the original London casts of
' The Jilt ' (Colonel Tudor) and ' The Butler '
(Sir J. Tracy). John Billington has also
been seen in London in the following parts :
Joe Tiller in 'Poll and my Partner Joe'
(1857), De Lacy in 'Rory O'More' (1864),
Harry Stanley in ' Paul Pry ' (1866), Mercutio
BILLINGTON
160
BIRD
(1867), Laertes (1S6S)— all at the Adelphi ;
Sir Francis Claude in 'The C4olden Plough'
(1877), Josiah Grainger in ' IMarried in Haste '
(1880), Major Treherne in 'Cyril's Success'
(1880). Mr. Crummy in ' Betsy Baker' (1880),
John Peeryhingle in ' Dot' (1880), and William
Penn Holder in ' One Touch of Nature '
(1892).
Billington, Mrs. [Elizabeth Welch-
sell]. Actress and vocalist ; born, probably,
in 1768, died 1818 ; daughter of Carl Weich-
sell, flautist, and irederica Weirman,
vocalist ; at sixteen married James Billing-
ton, a performer on the double-bass ; began
her career as an operatic artist at Dublin
in ' Orpheus and Eurydice,' and made her
London debut bX Covent Garden on February
13, 1786, as Eosetta in 'Love in a Village.'
After many successful appearances on the
stage and the platform, she Avent in 1794 to
Italy, where she sang in several operas
composed for her by Branchi, Himmel,
Paer, and Paisiello. "Napoleon heard her
there, and said she had ''une belle voix."
In October, 1801, she made her London
rentrie at Covent Garden as Mandane in
Arnes ' Artaxerxes,' and from that time till
1809, when she retired, she was a great
favourite both in the theatre and in the
concert-room. The compass of her voice
was remarkable—" three octaves from A to
A in altissimo, the upper notes being ex-
quisitely beautiful." Sir Joshua Reynolds
painted her as St. Cecilia listening to the
angels, and Haydn's comment was that she
should have been painted with the angels
listening to her. "Her voice," writes W.
Robson, " was full and powerful, and her
science great ; in fact, she was the prima
donna of her dav, when Mara's sun had
set" ('The Old Playgoer'). Oxberry says
she was "an indifferent actress." See Ox-
berrv's ' Dramatic Biography ' (1825). ' Dic-
tionary of Music and Musicians ' (1879).
Billiter. (1) A hotel proprietor in H.
T. Craven's ' Coals of Fire' {q.i\). (2) There
is a Major Billiter in H. J. Byro.n'S ' Part-
ners for Life' {q.v.).
Billstickers Beware. A farce pro-
duced at the Prince of AVales's Theatre,
Birmingham, September 20, 1875.
Biliy Doo. A farce in one act, by C. M.
Rae (?.r.), first performed at the Globe Thea-
tre, London, on April 20, 1874,with J . L. Toole
in the title part, L. Brough as Dick Spooner,
A. Cecil as Theophilus Spruce, and Miss E.
Johnstone as Seraphina Wiggins.
Billy Snivel. A farce, played at New
York in 1S39, with G. Graham as the hero.
Billy Taylor. The hero of ' Billy Tay-
lor ; or", The Gay Young Fellow : ' a burletta
by J. B. BuCKSTOXE(g.r.), first performed at
the Adelphi Theatre, London, on November
9, 1829, viith J. Reeve as the hero, " O. " Smith
as Carolus Lanternius (a watchman). Miss
Apjohn as Kitty Sligo, Gallot as Captain
Flatbottom, Sanders as Ben Blockhead, and
Mrs. Fitzwilliam as Merry Wagstajf\Lieut.
Carr). Billy Taylor is also the chief cha-
racter in (1) a pantomime written by G. A.
Sala, C. K. Sala (Wynn), and G. Ellis, and
produced at the Princess's Theatre, London,
at Christmas, 1851 ; (2) a pantomime by G.
H. George, brought out at the Oriental
Theatre, London, in December, 1871 ; (3) a.
burlesque by F. C. Burnand (g.f.), called
'The Military Billy Taylor' {q.v.). See
Billee Taylor.
Bimbo. Jester of Impecunioso XXL, in
R. B. Brough's ' Doge of Duralto ' (q.v.).
Bin, in Douglas Jerrold's * House-
keeper'(7. r.), is a wine-carrier. To Felicia
and Soi:ih>/ he says, " If you would have your
husband love, worship, honour, and respect
you, never be -without a corkscrew."
Bingro. (I) The driver of the hansom, in
A. Harris's ' Doing the " Hansom " ' (q.v.).
(2) Dr. Bingo is a character in J. S. Coy.ne's
' Queer Subject ' {q.v.), and (3) Paul Bingo,
E.A., figures in H. J. Byron's ' Cyril's Suc-
cess ' (q.v.)-
Binko. A character in Douglas Jer-
rold's ' Hazard of the Die' (q.v.).
Binks the Bag-man, A farce in one
act, by J. Stirling Coyne (q.v.), first per-
formed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, on
February 13, 1843, with "Wright in the title
part, Pa"ul Bedford as Jack Robinson, and
Mrs. F. Matthews as Mrs. Crimmins; first
played at New York in May of the same
year, with Placide as Binks.
Binnacle, Ben. (1) A sailor in C. Z.
Barnett's ' Loss of the Royal George' (q.v.).
(2) A Ben Binnacle figures also in E. Stir-
ling's ' Blue Jackets ' (q.v.).
Binns. A character iu Coghlan's ' Lady
Flora' (q.v.).
Biog-rapliia Dramatica. See Com-
panion to the Playhouse.
Biondello. Servant to Lucentio in
' The Taming of the Shrew ' (q.v.).
Biorn. An opera in five acts, libretto by
Frank Marshall, music by Signer Lauro
Rossi, first performed at the Queen's The-
atre, London, on January 17, 187".
Birbanto. Lieutenant to Conrad in
W. Brough's ' Conrad and Medora ' (q.v.).
Birch., Samuel. Alderman and drama-
tist, born 1757, died 1841 ; was the author 01
the following stace pieces :— ' The Mariners
(1793), 'The Pa^cket Boat' (1794), 'Th(
Adopted Child ' (1795), ' The Smugglers
(1796), 'Fast Asleep' (1797), and 'Alber
and Adelaide' (1798), besides other pros<
and verse. See the ' Biographia Dramatica.
Bird, B.obert Montg-omery, M.D
American dramatist and miscellaneou
writer, born 1803, died 1854 ; author of th^
following tragedies :— ' The Broker of Bo
gota,' ' The Gladiator,' and ' Oraloosa.'
Bird, Theophilus. An actor in Killi
grew's company at Drury Lane in and afte
1663 ; " broke his leg when dancing L
BIRD IN A CAGE
BIRMINGHAM
uckling's 'Aglaura'" (Doran). He is
lentioned in the ' Historia Histrionica.'
Bird in a Cagre (The). A comedy by
AMES Shirley {q.v.), acted at the Phoenix,
1 Drury Lane, and printed in 1633, with an
•onical address to William Prynne {q.v.), at
lat time a prisoner of state. The title is
erived from the central incident— PAi-
nzo's success in penetrating, in a large
irdcage, into the building where Eugenia,
is sweetheart, the Duke of Mantua's
aughter, has been confined, by way of
eeping her from her suitors. The Duke
ardons Philenzo, and the lovers are united,
mong the characters is Bonamico, who
ssists Philenzo. The comedy was altered
iid revived at Covent Garden'in April, 1786.
Bird in the Hand "Worth Two in
bie Bush (A). A play in three acts, by
REDERiCK Phillips (g. v.), first performed
ii the Surrey Theatre, London, on January
• [), 1857, with Shepherd as Roderick Praise-
worthy and H. Widdicomb as Capias
t?. jfearAre; first played at New York in May
If the same year ; revived at Lina Edwin's
Iheatre, New York, in September, 1870 ;
l)vived at the Globe Theatre, London, in
epteraber, 1878, Avith a cast including J.
ernandez, Shiel Barry, and R. C. Carton.
jee Test of Truth.
JBird of Paradise (The). A farce
[iapted by Alfred Thompson (^n.v.) from
le French, and first performed at the
aiety Theatre, London, on June 26, 1869.
Bird of Passag-e (The). A farce,
ayed at New York in 1849, with Brougham
i Chick.
Birds (The). A comedy by Aristo-
lANES {q v.), translated into English by
iry (1S24), Green (1889), and Rogers (1896).
JB Birds of Aristophanes, The.
Birds, Beasts, and Fishes. A pan-
•mime, produced at the City of London
tieatre at Christmas, 1854.
Birds in their Little Nests agree.
"fanciful conceit" in one act, by C. M.
AE (g.r.), first performed at the Haymarket
1 November 13, 1876, with a cast including
iss Kathleen Irwin, Miss Ella Dietz, Miss
aria Harris (as the three " pretty little
cky birds "), and Kyrle (Bellew) and W,
ordon(as the two " naughty cats "). The
laracters also include a couple of " old
rds."
Birds of a Peather. A play by
ERBERT Hall Winslow, produced in
merica (1892),
Birds of Aristophanes (The). A
dramatic experiment " in one act, " being
1 humble attempt to adapt the said ' birds '
' tl^is climate, by giving them new names,
3w feathers, new songs, and new tales," by
R. Planche (?.v.),lirst performed at the
aymarket on April 13, 1846. with J. Bland
' x„-D^^"^ ^f ^^« Birds, Tilbury as " a
)et, Bnndal as "an architect," and Miss
. Morton as the Nightinjale. " My ambi-
tion," writes the author, " was to lay the
foundation of an Aristophanic drama, which
the greatest minds would not consider it
derogatory to contribute to."
Birds of Prey ; or, A Duel in the
Dark. A drama in three acts, bv T. W.
Robertson (q.v.). A play called ' Birds of
Prey ' was produced at New York in 1858.
'Birds of Prey' is also the title of an
operetta by Cross and Hawkins, performed
at Huddersfield in April, 1884.
Birds -without Feathers. A musical
piece, performed at the Haymarket on
October 1, 1824, with a cast including Mdme.
Vestris.
Birdseye, Adolphus. A character in
L. Buckingham's 'Don't Lend your Um-
brella' (q.v.).
Birkett, Alexander and Adolphus.
Father and son in Burnand's ' Betsy ' (q.v.).
Birkie, James, of that Ilk. A cha-
racter in Murray's ' Cramond Brig ' (q.v.).
Birniing:ham(Warwickshire).— The first
plays performed in Birmingham were pro-
duced in booths located in "The Fields"
(afterwards Temple Street). The first per-
manent building devoted to the drama is
described as "something like a stable," and
was located in Castle Street. This was in
1730 or thereabouts. About 1740 " there was
a theatre in Moor Street, to which, it ia
recorded, visits were paid by companies from
London ; this, however, was turned into a
Methodist chapel, and was opened as such by
John Wesley in 1764. Meanwhile— in 1752—
a tolerably large theatre had been erected in
King Street, on a site now covered by New
Street railway station ; in 1789 this was
transferred into a chapel for the Countess
of Huntingdon's "connexion." In 1774 a
playhouse was built in New Street. This
was burned down in 1792, and rebuilt in 1795.
Its first manager, Yates, had endeavoured
in 1777 to obtain a licence from Parliament,
but though supported by Burke he did not
succeed, and the structure did not become
a patent playhouse or Theatre Royal till
1807. This was during the lesseeship of
Macready, father of W. C. Macready, which,
begun in 1795, ended in 1813. In 1820 the
theatre was again burned down, and rebuilt
in the same year. It has had as successive
lessees R. W. Elliston, Alfred Bunn, Mercer
Henry Simpson, Mercer Hampson Simpson,
and Charles Dornton. The present fagade,
it may be added, dates from 1780, having
survived the fires of 1792 and 1820. The
Prince of Wales's Theatre, which dates from
1856, was originally a concert hall. In 1862
it was licensed as "The Royal Music Hall
Operetta House," and presented entertain-
ments of the "German Reed" sort. In
the following year it became a playhouse
pure and simple, under its present title,
and till 1866 it had for its lessee E. Swan-
borough. Late in that year James Rodgers
took up the lease, which was afterwards held
by his son. Captain Rodgers. The building
was entirely reconstructed in 1875-6. Th©
bir:\iingham
BIRTHPLACE OF PODGERS
Grand Theatre (Corporation Street) was
opened in 18S3, under the management of
Andrew Melville, who was also its pro-
prietor, and sold it in 1893 to its present
manager, J. W. Turner (g.r). The Queen's
Theatre (Snnw Hill) was opened in 1885 as a
music-hall, but in the following year was
bought bv Andrew Ulelville and reopened
(after alterations) as a playhouse. The lease
was acquired in 1893 by Clarence Soanes.
The Theatre Royal, Aston Cross, was opened
in 1S93. For the early theatrical annals of
Birmingham, see the ' History and Descrip-
tive Sketch ' of the city, published in 1830.
For details of more recent years (1862 to
1879). see 'The Birmingham Theatres' by
T. Edgar Pemberton (1890).
Birming-liam Mr. de, in R. Reece's
'Dora's Device' (q.v.), is in love with and
beloved by Bora.
Biron. (1) A lord in attendance on the
King of Xavarre, and in love with Rosaline
(q.v.), in 'Love's Labour's Lost' (q.v.). He
may be accepted as the prototype of Bene-
dick (q.v.). " In this character," says Walter
Pater, " which is never quite in touch with,
never quite on a perfect level of understand-
ing with, the other persons of the play, we
see, perhaps, a reflex of Shakspere himself,
when he has just become able to stand aside
from and estimate the first period of his
poetry." (2) Btro7i, in Southern's ' Isa-
bella,' is the husband of the heroine. (3)
Eugene de Biron is a character in ' Henri
Quatre' (q.v.).
Birrel, Andrew. Author of ' Henry
and Almeria,' a tragedy (1802).
Birtla. A comedy in three acts, by T. W.
Robertson (q.v.), first performed at the
Theatre Royal, Bristol, October 5, 1870, with
E. A. Sothern as Jack Randall, J. H. Slater
as Paul Hewitt, Miss Amy RoseUe as
Sarah Heivitt, Miss Louise WiUes as Lady
Adeliza, H. Vincent as Earl of Eagleelyffe,
and T. A. Palmer as "The Duke."
Birth and Breeding". A comedv
adapted by Jerome K. Jerome from
Sudermann's 'Die Ehre' (qv.), and per-
formed (for copyriglit purposes) at the
Theatre Royal, Edinburgh, on September
18, 1890.
Birth of Beauty (The) ; or, Harle-
quin William the Conqueror. An
historical extravaganza by W. M. Akhurst,
Sanger's Theatre", London. December 26,
1872, with G. H. Macdermott as William,.
Miss Lennox Grey as Silverskin, Miss
Akhurst as Allbuttons.
Birth of Harlequin (The). A pan-
tomime produced at New York in 1792, with
Durang as the hero.
Birth of Hercules (The). A masque
by William Shirley (q.v.), set to music by
Dr. Arne, and intended for representation
at Covent Garden in 1763. It was printed
in 1765.
Birth of Merlin (The) ; or, Th(
Child has found his Father. A
tragi-comedy, printed in 1662, and attributec
on the title page to Shakespeare and Row
ley (q.v.). In this play, Merlin is repre
sented as the offspring of the Devil ani
Joan, the sister of a clown ; and he is born
not only with a beard and the faculties of i
man, but with the gift of prophecy Th
Devil seeks to carry off Joan, but Merli.
rescues her, and imprisons his father in
rock. Allied to this comic business is th
story of Constantia and Modesta, the tw
daughters of Donobert, who wishes thei
to marry two nobles ; they prefer to b('
come nuns. " Rowley himself probabl
acted the clown, who is the best character
(Genest).
Birth of Venus (The). An open;
words by J. H. Herbert, music by ll
Jakobowski, first performed at the Lyceu-
Theatre, Baltimore, U.S.A., February 1
1895.
Birtha. Wife of Gog (q.v.) in PocoCK
' Alfred the Great ' (q.v.).
Birthday (The). (1) An "entertaii
ment of three acts," by Mrs. Penny, found(,
on 'The Spectator,' "No. 123, and prints'
in a volume of poems (1771). (2) A music-
comedy in two acts, founded by O'KeeiJ
(q.v.) on a piece by St. Foix, and first pe^
formed at the Haymarket Theatre '
August 12, 1783 (the then Prince of Wale,
birthday). (3) A "musical pastoral," fii
performed at the Royalty Theatre, Londc
in July, 1787. (4) A comedy in three ac
altered by T. Dibdin (q.v.) from Kot:
hue's ' Fraternal Enmity,' and first P'
formed at Covent Garden on April 8, 17'
with ^Nlunden as Captain Bertram. Fawci
as Jack Junk (liis servant), Waddy
Circuit (a lawyer), Mrs. Davenport as M
Moral (a housekeeper), and H. Johnstc
and Mrs. Pope as the lovers (Henry a
Emma). The action takes place on 1
birthday of Capttain Bertram and his broth
who have quarrelled over a lawsuit, and
the end are reconciled. See rRATER>
Discord and Reconciliation. (5)
comedy in one act, by George Bancrc
(q.v.), first performed at the Court Theai
London, December 8, 1894.
Birthdays. A comedy-drama in th
acts, oy George Roberts, first perforraei
the Theatre Royal, Newcastle, on Febru
20, 1SS3.
Birth-Nig-ht (The) ; or, Mode .
French Reformation. A comic op >
in three acts, printed in 1796.
Birthplace of Podg-ers (The). ■•
"domestic sketch," by John Holli> -
HEAD (g.i-.), first performed at the Lycf i
Theatre, London, on March 10, 185S, wit] .
L. Toole as Tom Cranky and J. G. Shor s
Edmund Earlyhird. Among the other ,-
sonce are Erasmus and Amelia Maresi ',
and Alonzo and Penelope Lexicon. '. s
farce was suggested by some investigat s
as to the house in which Chatterton die a
BIRTHRIGHT
163
BISHOP
[olborn— a house then occupied by a work-
ig cabinet-maker.
Birth.rig:h.t. A drama in four acts, by
OHN Douglass (q.v.)-. Theatre Royal,
[udderstield, June 1, 1S94 ; Lyric, Hammer-
mith, May 31, 1897.
Bisarre, in Farquhar's Inconstant'
J.V.), is a lively, unconventional lady. See
ilZARRE.
Biscotin. The innkeeper in 'Madame
'avart ' (q.v.).
Biscuit, Ned. A character in 'Sir
:oger de Coverley ' (q.v.).
Bishop, Alfred. Actor ; appeared at
le Royalty Theatre, London, in 1870, as
hdey in Reece's ' Whittington, Jun.'(^.t>.),
nd at the same theatre in 1871, as Mr. De
irmingham in Reece's ' Dora's Device ' (q.v.)
ad Prince John in his ' Little Robin Hood '
.v.). His other original rdles include
orny Kavanagh in Gilbert's ' On Guard '
,872), Sarnem in Reece's '"William Tell
[old Over Again' (1876), Dr. Barloio in
lurnand's ' Our Babes in the Wood ' (1877),
\yshe in ' The House of Darnley ' (1877), Sir
fhn Maudsley in 'Reclaimed' (1S81), Mr.
\mee in ' Lords and Commons ' (1883), Dr.
. )elaney in ' Sweet Lavender ' (1888), Earl
' Dorincourt in ' The Real Little Lord
auntleroy (1888), Archdeacon Jellicoe in
Dick Venables' (1S90), Ferrari in 'The
iolin Players' (1890), Sir William Ashton
1 'Eavenswood' (1890). the Karl of JSver-
lam in 'An Ideal Husband' (1895), Pro-
'ssor Doxvle in 'The Squire of Dames'
.895), Captain Crxtickshank in 'Rosemary'
896), and the Eev. Peregrine Hinde in ' The
hysician' (1897). Alfred Bishop has also
ijicted in London the following, among
any, parts i—AbU Chanzeuil in ' The
signing Favourite' (Royalty, 1871), Panta-
on in Byron's ' Jack the Giant Killer '
aiety, 1878), Prince Caramel in 'Princess
3to' (Op^ra Comique, 1881), Pownceby in
^lother-in-Law' (Opera Comique, 1881), Sir
)lomon Fraser in 'The Overland Route'
. faymarket, lSS2),BeauFarintoshm ' School'
• ftaymarket, 1883 ), Sir W. Grafton in ' Peril '
Taymarket, 1884), Sir Lucius 0' Trigger
'aymarket, 1884), Mr. Beardcr, M.P. in
he ChurchM-arden ' (Olympic, ISSG), Blore
'Dandy Dick' (Toole's, 1887), Buxton
5 iOtt in 'Young Mrs. Winthrop' (Terrv's,
J m, Joseph Chandler in ' The Middleman '
[naftesbury, 1890), the Friar in 'jNIuch
do about Nothing ' (Lyceum. 1891), Lord
Umbei-lain in 'Henry VIII.' (Lyceum,
, -3' 192), Gloster in ' King Lear ' (Lyceum*, 1892),
\rkett, sen., in ' Betsy ' (Criterion, 1896).
1 ^ ^ishop, Anna (nde Riviere). Vocalist
' rt actress; second wife of Sir Henry
shop (q.v.) ; made her London debut in
ly, 1839 ; sang in New York, in 1847, as
nda di Chamouni.
Bishop, Kate. Actress ; was seen at
e thanng Cross Theatre, London, in 186S
■ifn A^ -Sf'J-Zoit) in a revival of Bvron's
100.000. One of her earliest original
- W
parts was that of Alice in 'Love's Doctor' at
tlie Royalty in 1870. Amongst other roles
of which she was the first "representative
may be named the following : — At the
Court Theatre : Fdith Temple in ' Randall's
Thumb' (1871), PijMte in 'Creatures of
Impulse' (1871), and Jessie Blake in 'On
Guarct' (1871). At the Strand Theatre:
Fllen in 'The Lady of the Lane' (1872),
Jonathan Wild in ' The Idle Prentice '
(1872), and 3[ary Sfoss in 'Old Soldiers'
(1873). At the Vaudeville: Don Caesar
de Bazan in ' Ruy Bias Righted' (1874),
Violet Melrose in ' Our Boys ' (1875), Mabel
Clench in ' The Girls' (1879), Ada, Rivers in
' Castles in the Air ' (1879), Maud Cameron
in ' Ourselves ' (1880), Margaret Seveme in
' Cobwebs ' (1880), Alice in 'Jacks and Gills'
(1880). Carrie in 'The Guv'nor' (1880), Mrs.
Popplejohn in ' Divorce' (1881), Mary Graham
in ' Tom Pinch ' (1881), and Alice Merton in
' Punch • (1881). At the Globe Theatre :.
Blanche Ingram in ' Jane Eyre ' (1882). At
the Vaudeville : Pose Mump'leford in ' Con-
fusion ' (1883). Miss Bishop has also been
seen in London as Eliza in ' Paul Pry ' (St.
James's, 1870), Ida in ' Two Roses ' (Vaude-
ville and Lyceum. 1879), Mrs. F. Young-
husband in 'Married Life' (Vaudeville,
1880), Mrs. Barkings in 'Woodcock's Little
Game' (Gaiety, 1880), Zaida Dalrymple in
' Imprudence ' (Folly, 1881), and DoraThorn-
haugh in ' Home ' (St. James's, 1881).
Bishop, Samuel. Head-master of
Merchant Taylors' School, born 1731, died.
1795 ; author of ' The Fairy Benison,' an
interlude (1796), and part-author, with
Woodward, of ' The Seasons ' (q.v.).
Bishop, Sir Henry Rowley. Musical
composer, born in London, 1786, died 1855 ;
began to write for the stage in 1804, when
he furnished the score for a dramatic piece
called ' Angelina,' performed at Margate.
In 1810 he was appointed composer and
director of the music at Covent Garden
Theatre, a post which he held for eight
consecutive years. In 1825 he received
a similar appointment at Drury Lane
under Elliston, in 1830 became musical
director at Vauxhall, and in 1840-1 held the
same position at Covent Garden under
Madame Vestris. The following is a list
of the dramatic pieces (in addition to
'Angelina') for which he provided the
original music :— ' Caractacus ' (1806), 'Love
in a Tub' (1806), 'The Mysterious Bride'
(ISOS), ' The Circassian Bride ' (1809),
' Mora's Love ' (1809), ' The Vintagers ' (1809),
' The Maniac' (1810), ' The Knight of Snow-
don' (1811), 'The Virgin of the Sun' (1812),
' The .'Ethiop' (1812), ' The Renegade' (1812).
' Haroun Alraschid ' (1813), ' The Brazen
Bust' (1813), 'Harry le Roy' (1813), 'The
Miller and nis Men ' (1813), ' For England,
Ho ! ' (1813), ' The Wandering Boys ' (1814),
' Sadak and Kalasrade ' (1814), ' the Grand
Allianre ' (1814), ' Doctor Sangrado ' (1814),
' The Forest of Bondy ' (1814), ' The Noble
Outlaw' (1815), 'Telemachus' (1815), 'The
Magpie or the Maid ' (1815\ ' John du
Bart' (1815), 'Who wants a Wif e ? ' (1816),
BISHOP
164 BLA.CK BATMAN OF THE NORTH
•The Humorous Lieutenant' (1817), 'The
Duke of Savoy ' (1S17), ' The Father and his
Children' (1817), 'The Illustrious Traveller'
(1818), 'December and May ' (1818). 'Fortu-
natus' (1819), 'The Heart of Midlothian'
(1819), ' A Roland for an Oliver ' (1S19),
• Swedish Patriotism ' (1819), ' The Gnome
King' (1819), 'The Antiquary' (1S20), ' The
Battle of Bothwell Brig' (1820), 'Henry
Quatre' (1820), 'Don John' (1821), 'Mon-
trose' (1822), The Law of Java' (1822),
♦Maid Marian' (1822), 'Clari' (1823), 'The
Beacon of Liberty' (1823), 'Cortez' (1823),
Native Land' (1824), 'Charles II.' (1824),
•The Fall of Algiers ' (1825), 'Edward the
Black Prince' (1825), 'The Coronation of
Charles X.' (1S25), 'Aladdin' (1826), 'The
Knights of the Cross ' (1826), ' The English-
man in India' (1826), 'Under the Oak'
(1830), 'Adelaide' (1830), 'The Tyrolese
Peasant ' (1832), ' Home, Sweet Home ' (1832),
' The Magic Fan ' (1832), ' The Sedan Chair '
(1832), 'The Battle of Champagne' (1832),
'The Romance of a Day' (1832), «Yelva'
(1833), 'The Rencontre' (1833), 'Rural
Felicity ' (1834), ' The Doom Kiss ' (1836),
' Manfred' (1836), and ' The Fortunate Isles '
<1841). Bishop further wrote original music
for revivals of the following Shakespeare
plavs:-- -'A Midsummer Night's Dream'
<18i6), 'The Comedy of Errors' (1819),
•Twelfth Night' (1820), and 'The Two
Gentlemen of Verona' (1821). He con-
tributed original music to ' The Farmer's
Wife ' (1814), ' The Maid of the Mill ' (1814),
-Brother and Sister ' (1815), ' Comus ' (1815),
•Guy Mannering- (1816), 'The Heir of
Verona' (1817), and *Zuma' (1818), and
.adapted to the English stage Boieldieu's
•John of Paris' (1814). ' Don Giovanni' (as
'The Libertine') (1817), 'The Barber of
Seville' (1818), 'The Marriage of Figaro'
(1819), and Rossini's 'Hofer' (1830). See
' Imperial Dictionary of Biography ' (1865),
'Dictionary of Music and Musicians' (1879).
Bishop, T. Vocalist ; sang at Niblo's
Gardens in 1837 ; afterwards an Olympic
favourite, and a member of the Seguin
opera troupe (1852).
Bish.op (The). A farcical comedy in
three acts, by Wilford F. Field, Totten-
ham, October 25, 1894.
Bishop of the Fleet (The). A ro-
^mantic drama, in a prologue and three acts,
by C. A. Clarke and F. Mouillot ; Lon-
desborough Theatre, Scarborough, Decem-
ber 26, 1889.
Bismuth. A character in ' The Philo-
sopher's Stone' (q.v.).
Bispham, David. Actor and vocahst,
born in Philadelphia; after studying in
Italy, sanq- at concerts in London. His
stage debut took place at the Savoy Theatre,
London, in 'The Ferry Girl' (q.v.), and he
vas afterwards in the original casts of
'Juan; or. The Brigand of Bluegoria'
(1890) and 'The Basoche' (Due de Longue-
ville) (1891).
3isson, Alexandre. See Family
Circle, The; Great Unpaid; Lai
Killer, The; Lixtle Tippet; Setili
OUT OF Court.
Bit of Scandal (A). A play by Heni
Guy Carletox {q.v.), first performed
Washington, U.S.A., in April, 1893.
Biter (The). A comedy by Nichol
RowE (g.t'.),tirst performed at Lincoln's I
Fields on December 4, 1704, with Bettert
as Sir Timothy Tallapoy, Pack as Pm.
Verbruggen as Clerimont, Booth as Friend
Mrs. Barry as Mra. Clfver, Mrs. Bracegin
as Mariana, Mrs. Mountfort as Angeli
]Slrs. Leigh as Lady Stale, and Leigh as So
ble-scrabble. Sir 'Timothy has engaged
daughter Angelica to Pinch, but discov
him to be a "biter," and repudiates h
handing over Angelica to Friendly. Cli
mont and Mariana are husband and w
Lady Stale is in love with Friendly. Scrib ■
scrabble is a city solicitor, and 2'rick a ; •
vant. "The Biters," says Genest, "were ;
unlike the Humbuggers, and a fair sub s
for ridicule."
Bitter Fruit. A drama in three a.,
by A. W. DUBOURG iq.v.), first performer t
the Alexandra Theatre, Liverpool, on >
tober 6, 1S73, with Miss Bateman as j s,
Graham, Miss Pauncefort as a Sister Sii-
rior, E. H. Brooke as Upton Travers, and.'.
Herbert as Staff-Surgeon Sholto.
Bitter Love (A). See Wife axd St j.
Bitter Reckoning- (The) ; or i
Rover from Many Lands. A dran n
three acts, by C. H. Hazlf.wood, first r-
formed at tlie Britannia Theatre, Lon a,
on June 19, 1871.
Bitter-Sweets : a Story of le
Footlig-hts. A drama by Alfred Pa y,
first performed at tlie Theatre Royal, ' n-
bridge, in August, 1878.
Bitter "Wrong- (A) : a Wife in I ?•
land no "Wife in France. A don ac
drama, in five acts and seven tableau by
George Lander and John Dougis;
Standard Theatre, London, April 14, li .
Bitterbliss, Mr. and Mrs., i H.
WiGAN's 'Charming Woman' (7. u.).
Bitters, Nancy. A domestic se mt
in R. B. Brough's ' Crinoline' (q.v.).
Bizarre. A page in Bland 'd's
' CindereUa ' (1878).
Black and "White. A play by W he
Collins (q.v.)a.nd Charles Fechterw.),
first performed at the Adelphi Tl: fcre,
London, on March 29, 1869, with C. F iter
as Maurice de Layrac, :Miss Ca itta
Leclercq as Emily Milburn, IMrs. sigli
Murray as Ruth, A. Stirling as S 'hen
Westcraft, E. Atkins as David Mich ia^,
G. Belmore as Plato.
Black Ang-us. A melodram; -pro-
duced at New York in 1833.
Black Batman of the Nort/ 1 A
play ascribed to Henry Chettle.of whithe
BLACK BEARD
165
BLACK DOMINO
first part was acted by the Lord Admiral's
servants in 1598. In the second part, played
later in the year, Chettle was assisted by
Robert Wilson.
Black Beard; or, The Captive
Princess. A melodrama in two acts, by
J. C. Cross, first performed in 1798 at the
Royal Circus, London, with Grossman as
Black Beard, Mdlle. de la Croix as Orra (his
wife), and D'Egville as Ccesar (" his faith-
ful black"), played by Blanchard at the
Coburg. Genest, recording its production
at Bath in 1816, describes it as " a spectacle
with songs, compiled by Cross from the
history of the buccaneers in America. In
one of the scenes, the whole stage was made
to represent the deck of a man-of-war."
The piece was produced at New York in
1833. (2) A play by Lemuel Sawyer, per-
formed in America. (3) ' Harlequin Black-
beard ; or. Old Dame Trot and her Comical
Cat : ' a j)antomime at the City of London
Theatre, Christmas, 1863.
Black Book (The). A drama by J.
Palgrave Simpson {q.v.'), adapted from
' Les Memoires du Diable ' (Vaudeville,
Paris, 1856), and first performed at Drury
Lane Theatre, London, on February 2, 1857,
with C. J. Mathews as Wolf, Miss M. Oliver
as Mina, and Honey, Tilbury, Miss Cleve-
land, and Mrs. Selby in other parts ; first
played at New York in March of the same
year, with G. Jordan as Wolf and Mrs.
Grattan as Dame Asi^en.
Black Business (A). A "mellow-
drama" by Arthur Matthison, performed
at the Theatre Royal, Hudderstield, on
August 19, 1878.
Black but Comely. A drama in three
acts, by Stephanie Forrester, "partly
adapted" from Whyte Melville's novel of
that name, and first performed at the
Gaiety Theatre, London, on the afternoon
of September 16, 1882, with a cast including
the authoress.
Black Castle. See Amherst, G. A.
Black Cat (The). (I) An " Oriental
burlesque," words by C. M. Rodney, music
by C. E. Howells, first performed at Walsall,
July 31, 1893 ; Elephant and Castle Theatre,
London, August 14, 1894. (2) A play in
three acts, by John Todhunter (g.v.), per-
formed at tlie Opera Comique Theatre,
London, under the auspices of the Indepen-
dent Theatre Society, on the evening of
December 8,1893, with a cast including Miss
HaU Caine, Miss Mary Keegan, Miss Gladys
Homfrey, Miss Dora Barton, Alfred Buck-
law, Orlando Barnett, and Neville Doone.
The "black cat" — a fascinating divorcee —
diverts to herself the affections of a young
married painter, whose wife thereupon
destroys herself.
Black Crook (The). (1) A fairy opera,
founded on the story of ' La Biche au Bois,'
written by Charles M. Barras, composed
by T. BaUer, and produced at Niblo's
Garden, New York, September 12, 1866. It
ran until January 4, 1868, having received 475
representations ; was revived on December
12, 1870, and withdrawn on April 8, 1871,
after 122 performances ; was again revived
on December 18, 1871, and withdrawn on
February 24, 1872, having been played 57
times ; was revived once more on August 18
1873, and withdrawn on December 6, 1873,
after 120 performances ; played also from
April 3, 1882 to July 1, and from March 29,
1886, to May 24. (2) A fairy opera, the
libretto founded by J. and H. Paulton on
'La Biche au Bois,' the music by F. Clay
and G. Jacobi ; first performed at the
Alhambra on December 23, 1872, with
Mdlle. Compile d'Anka in the title part,
Miss Julia Seaman as the Princes'^ Aika,
Miss Kate Santley as Gabrielle, H. Paulton
as Dandelion, E. Cotte, and others ; played
at the Amphitheatre, Liverpool, in IMay,
1875, with Miss L. Moodie as Aika, W Elton
as Dandelion ; revived (re-arranged and re-
written) at the Alhambra Theatre, London,
on December 3, 18S1, with Miss Constance
Losebyin the chief part, and other characters
by Miss Lizzie Coote, Miss Julia Seaman,
Miss Kate Sullivan, Harry Paulton, Henry
Walsham, W. Hargreaves, and L. Kelleher.
Black Diamonds; or, The Ligrhts
and Shadows of Pit Life. A drama
in five acts, by Louis S. Denbigh and R.
Fenton Mackay, produced (for copyright
purposes) at Southend on September 3, 1890 ;
performed at the Surrey Theatre on July
11. 1892.
Black Doctor (The). The title given
to various adaptations of ' Le Docteur Noir '
of MM. Anicet-Bourgeois and Dumanoir.
(1) At the City of London Theatre, pro-
duced on November 9, 1846 ; (2) by I. Y.
Bridgeman (g.v.), first performed at the
Victoria Theatre, London, on November 13,
1846, with W. Searle as Andre, Miss Vincent
as Pauline, and Mrs. R. Barnett as the
Countess Aur el ia; (3) at the Lyceum Theatre,
London, in November, 1856, under the title
of 'Fabian' (q.v.). The " black doctor" is
Fabian, a Creole, and the scene is laid in the
Island of Bourbon and Paris. A version
was played at New York in April, 1847, and
revived there in 1853. Fabian was in the
repertory of G. V. Brooke.
Black Dog- of Newg-ate (The). A
play in two parts, by Richard Hathwaye,
John Day, W. Smith, and a fourth author
unknoAvn ; performed in 1602.
Black Domino (The). The title of
several pieces, adapted from 'Le Domino
Noir,' an opera comique in three acts,
written by Scribe, composed by Auber, and
first performed in December, 1837 : — (1) A
musical burletta in one act, by C. J.Mathews
iq.v.), first performed at the Olympic The-
atre, Londrn, on January IS, 1838, with the
author as Julio, ]Mdme. Vestris as Camilla,
and Mrs. Macnamara as Dorothea. (2)
' The Black Domino ; or. The Masked Ball : '
a comic drama in three acts, by T. Egerton
W'lLKS {q.v.), first performed at Sadler's
Wells Theatre, London, on February 6,
1838, with Miss Vincent in the title part.
BLACK DWARF
166
BLACK SPIRITS AND WHITE
(3) ' The Black Domino ; or, A Night's
Adventure :' an opera in three acts, music
by Auber, words by B. Webster (q.v.),
first performed at the Haymarket on June
10, 1846, with Brindal as Lord Pumice-
stone, J. Bland as Gil Podrida, Mdme. A.
Thillon as Juanita, Miss P. Horton as
Paquita, and other parts by H. Holl and
Mrs. L. S. Buckingham ; played at New
York in .Tuly, 184S, and in 1852, with Mdme.
Thillon in her original part. (4) A comic
opera in three'acts, music by Auber, libretto
by H. F. Chorley (fi'om Scribe), first per-
formed at Covent Garden on February 20,
1861, with Miss Louisa Pyne as Angela, H.
Haigh as Horace, H. Corri as Gil Perez,
jMiss Lefiier as Jacintha, Miss Thirlwall as
Brigitta, etc. See Queen's Ball.— 'The
Black Domino,' a play by Robert Bucha-
nan {q.v.) and G. R. SiMS iq.v.^, was pro-
duced at the Adelphi Theatre, London, on
April 1, 1893, with a cast including C.
Glenny, W. L. Abinadon, Arthur Williams,
Miss Clara Jecks, Mi.ss Bessie Hatton, Miss
Evelyn Millard, and Mrs. Patrick Campbell.
Black Dwarf (The). A p^ay, adapted
by John Coleman and Charles Calvert
from Paul Feval's ' Le Bossu,' and first
performed at Leeds. See Wizard, The.
Black Eag-le (The). See Almar, G.
Black Flag- (The) ; or, Escaped
from Portland. A drama in four acts,
by Henry PrrrTiTT, first performed at the
Grecian Theatre, London, on August 9,
1879 ; revived at the Olympic Theatre, Lon-
don, on March 17, 1892.
Black God of Love (The). See
Graves, Joseph.
Black Hand (The). See Fitzball, E.
Black Hawks (The). A drama in
four acts, produced originally in America,
and first performed in England at the
Queen's Theatre, Birmingham, on June 25,
1894, with Colonel Joe Bruce as Arizona
Joe.
Black Hearts; or, The King- of
Darkness. A drama in three acts, by
E. Towers, performed at the New East
London Theatre on May 30, 1868.
Black Hug-h, the Outlaw. A
domestic drama in two acts, by W. Rogers,
first performed at the Surrey Theatre, Lon-
don, with a cast including Stuart (as the
hero), Dibdin Pitt, Vale, Almar, Mrs. Vale,
and Mrs. Wilkinson ; played at New York
in 1836.
Black Hussar (The). An opera,
adapted by Sydney' Rosenfeld from ' Der
Feldprediger ' of Carl INIillocker, and per-
formed at Wallack's Theatre, New York,
in May, 1885, with Mark Smith as the field-
preacher, and other parts by Mdme. Cot-
trelly, jNIarie Jansen, Lily Port, De Wolf
Hopper, and Digby Bell.
Black Joune. A play mentioned by
Henslowe as being in the repertory of the
Rose Theatre.
Black Knig-ht (The) figures in the
various adaptations and burlesques o)
'Ivanhoe' ('/.«.).
Black Man (The). An interlude ^
attributed to Cox, the comedian, anc'
printed in 1659.
Black or Golden. See Palmer, T. A
Black Phantom. See Will Watch.
Black Prince (The). (1) A traged
by Roger, Earl of Orrery {q.v.), first pei
formed at the Theatre Royal on Octobe
19, 1667, with Kynaston in the title pari
Mohun as Edivard III., Wintershall as Kin
John of France, Bift-t as Count Guesclii
Hart as Lord Delaunre, Mrs. Marshall a
Plantagcnet, Mrs. Knapp as Sevina, an
Nell Gwynne as Alizia. "Love," saj
Gene-st, "is the whole business of this pla
It can hardly be called a tragedy. . , . Tl
play has little to do with history, and ths
little is incorrect." (2) An opera-boufle ':
three acts, words by H. B. Farnie {q.v.
music by Lecocq, produced at the S
James's Theatre, London, on October 2
1874, with a cast including Misses Selh'
Dolaro, Nelly Bromley, Emily Duncan, ai
B. Hollingshead, J. L. Hall, J. Rouse, etc
Black Reefer (The). A play produC'
at New York in 1847.
Black Rover (The). See Isidora.
Black Schooner (The). A play p:
duced at Noav York in 1839.
Black Sheep. (1) A comedy in thi,
acts, by J. Stirling Coyne {q.v.), fi:
performed at the Haymarket on AprU .
1861, with Buckstone as Mr. Bunny
philanthropist), Compton as Tom Short
Mrs. Charles Young (Mrs. H. Vezin) ,
Mhel Maynard, and other parts by Ho'i
Rogers, Braid, Mrs. Wilkins, and Ml
Poynter "The plottings of the 'bl;
sheep,' the dishonest lawyer and
hypocritical philanthropist, are the cec
of action in the piece" (Henry Morl(,
(2) A drama in three acts, founded '■,
ICdmund Yates's novel of that name, I
J. Palgrave Simpson {q.v.) and Edmi;
Yates {q.v.), and first performed at >
Olympic Theatre, London, on April 25, l: ,
with C. J. Mathews as Steivart Routh, IN .
C. J. ;Mathews as Harriet Routh, and ot-f
characters by Addison, Ashley, H. Wi|',
J. Clarke, G. Vincent, and Mrs. Caulfi<,;
performed at the Crystal Palace with r
Charles Young as Routh. (3) A "pa:?-
mime pastoral," written by Andre Rai .•
LOVicH, composed by Cotsford Dick, V t
Theatre, Albert Hall, London, April ',
1894. (4) A burlesque written and cii-
posed by Frederick Solomon {q.v.), it
performed at Brooklyn, U.S.A. — 'A B k
Sheep : ' a play in three acts, by C I-
Hoyt ; Buffalo, U.S.A., September, 1 ;
Hoyt's Theatre, New York, January 6, ] '>.
Black Spirits and "White. A ,y
by T. Dibdin {q.v.), produced at Sad 's
Wells in 1826. "Black spirits and w "
BLACK SQUIRE
167
BLACKEY'D SUSAN
red spirits and gray" is the first line of
the charm used in the incantation scene in
Middleton's 'Witch' (q.v.).
Black Squire (The). A comic opera
in three acts, written by H. P. Stephens
(q.v.), composed byFlorian Pascal ; Theatre
Royal, Torquay, November 5, 1896.
Black Statue (The). A pantomime
performed at the Britannia Theatre, Lon-
don, in December, 1874.
Black Thorn (The). A play produced
at Third Avenue Theatre, ^ew York, on
May 16, 1887, with J. J. Sullivan in the
chief part.
Black Vulture (The); or, The
Wheel of Death. A drama produced
at the Adelphi Theatre, London, with " O."
Smith in the title part, Yates as Octolar,
and Buckstone, Mrs. Fitzwilliam, and others
in the cast.
Black "Wedding- (The). A play
entered at Stationers' Hall in November,
1653.
Blackacre, The "Widow, in Wycii-
ERLY's 'Plain Dealer' (q.v.), has been
described by Macaulay as "beyond question"
the author's best comic character. "She
is," he says, "the Countess in Racine's
' Plaideurs,"' talking the jargon of English,
instead of French, chicane.
Blackamoor washed "White (The).
A musical piece in two acts, by Henry
Bate, first performed at Drury Lane on
February 1, 1776, with a cast including Mrs.
Siddons, King, and Parsons {Sir Oliver Odd-
Jish).—^ The Blackamoor's Head' was first
performed at Drury Lane on May 16, 1818,
with Dowton and IJarley in the cast.
Blackberries. A musical comedy-
drama, by Maiuv Melford (q.v.), first
performed at the Prince of Wales's Theah'e,
Liverpool, on June 14, 1886, with W. Edouin,
Miss Alice Atherton, and the author in the
cast ; first performed in London at the
Comedy Theatre on July 31, 1886.
Blackberry, Farmer and Betty.
Characters in O'Keefe's ' Farmer ' (q.v.).
Blackbirding". A drama by C. H.
Hazlewood (q.v.), Britannia Theatre, Lon-
don, September S, 1873.
Black-Eyed Sukey. See Blackey'd
Susan.
Blackey'd Susan; or, "All in the
Downs." (1) A drama in three acts, by
Douglas Jerrold (q.v.), suggested by the
well-known ballad by John Gay, and first
performed at the Surrey Theatre, London,
on June 8, 1829, with T. P. Cooke as William,
Forrester as Captain Crosstrec, Yardley as
Hatchett, Dibdin Pitt as Doggrass, Rogers
as Jacob Twig, Buckstone as Gnatbrain,
Wilhamson as Blue Peter, Asbury as Sea-
tceed, Lee as Quid, Dowsing as Yarn, Webb
as Ploughshare, Miss Scott as Stisan, and
Mrs. Vale as Lolly Mayjloiver [the piece
" ran" for nearly a year] ; at Sadler's Wells
in August of the same year, with Campbell
as William and Mrs. Wilkinson as Susan;
at New York in September, 1829, with
Placide as Gnatbrain, Mercer as William,
and Mrs. Hilson as Susan ; at the City The-
atre, London, in June, 1831, with Cooke and
Buckstone in their original parts ; at Covent
Garden (for the first time in two acts) with
Cooke in his original part and Miss Taylor
(Mrs. W. Lacy) as Susan ; at New York in
1842, with Marble as William ; at Dublin in
1846, with Miss C. Cushman as William;
at New York in 1854, with E. L. Davenport
as William, Leffingwell as the Admiral,
Davidge as Gnatbrain, Mdme. Ponisi as
Susan, and Miss J. Gougenhein 'as Dolly ;
at Covent Garden in February, 1S56, with
Prof. Anderson as Williamami Miss Harriett
Gordon as Susan; at the Adelphi in July,
1857 ; at the Surrey in May, 1659, with J.
Ryder as William and Mrs. Honner as
Susan ; at Bradford in 1863, with Mrs. Nunn
as JVilliam; at Sadler's Wells in 1866, with
T. Swinbourne as William ; at Brighton in
1867, with F. C. Burnand as Crosstrce and
Miss Ranoe as William ; at the Holborn in
1871, with G. Rignold as William and INIiss
Jane Rignold as Susan ; at the Duke's The-
atre in December, 1878, with Clarence Holt
as William and Miss Ada Murray as Susan;
at the Adelplii in December, 1896, with W.
Terriss as William, Miss Millward as Susan,
J. D. Beveridge as Doggrass, C. Fulton as
Captain Crosstree, Oscar Adye as Hatchett,
H. Nicholls as Gnatbrain, and Miss Vane
Featherston as Dolly Mayflower. Captain
Crosstree attempts to carry off Susan, and
William, to save his wife, strikes the Captain,
who is his superior officer. He is brought
before a court-martial and condemned to
die ; but Crosstree acknowledges his fault,
and produces a discharge, which shows that
William, when he struck the Captain, was no
longer in the king's service. William is then
acquitted. Doggrass is the uncle of Susan ;
Gnatbrain is in love with Dolly ; Jacob Twig
is a bailiff. ' Black-Ey'd Susan ' was adapted
by W. G. Wills under the title of ' William
and Susan' (q.v.).— The story of Black-Eyed
Susan was made the foundation of (3) a
pantomime called 'Harlequin Black-Eyed
Sue,' written by Frank Talfourd (q.v.),
and produced at the Strand Theatre, London,
in December. 1855. — Jerrold's play was bur-
lesqued by F. C. Burnand in (3) the piece
entitled ' The Latest Edition of Black-Eyed
Susan ; or. The Little Bill that was taken
up. ' This was first performed at the Royalty
Theatre, London, on November 29, 1866,
with F. Dewar as Captain Crosstree, Miss
Rosina Ranoe as William, C. Wyndham as
Hatchett, Miss M. Oliver as Susan, Miss N.
Bromley as Dolly Mayfloiver, and E. Danvers
as Dame Hatley. The " run" concluded on
September 23, 1868. The piece was revived
at the same theatre on March 3, 1870, and
at the Marylebone Theatre in 1871, with
Dewar and INIiss Oliver in their original
parts. It was played in New York in 1869,
with Mark Smith as Crosstree, and in 1870
with Stuart Robson as Crosstree and Lina
BLACKFRIARS
16S
BLAKE
Edwin as Susan. The play was further
travestied (4) by Fox Cooper (q.v.) in a
piece called 'Black-Eyed Sukey,' and (5)
1)V Horace Lennard in ' Too-Lovely-Black-
Ey'd Susan ' {q.v.). See All IN THE Downs
and Blue-Eyed Susan.
Blackfriars, Th.e Theatre in. See
London Theatres.
Blackleg- (Tlie). A drama in five acts,
by Butler Stanhope, produced at Birken-
head in October, 1SS6.
Blackmail. (1) A drama in four acts, by
Watts Phillips, first performed at the
Grecian Theatre, London, on October 16,
1880. (2) A play in four acts, by Dr. G. H.
E. Dabiss (q.v.), produced at Shanklin, Isle
(pf Wiu'lit, in September, 1SS7. (3) A play
in three acts, by H. J. Stanley, Adelphi
Theatre, Liverpool, April 27, 1896.—' The
Blackmailers,' a drama in four acts, by
John gray (q.v.) and Andre Raffalovitch
iq.v.), was performed at the Prince of
Wales's Theatre, London, on the afternoon
of June 7, 1894, with W. L. Abingdon and
C. Thursby in the title parts.
Blackman. An attorney in Mrs. INCH-
BALD's ' Next-Door Neighbour' (q.v.).
Blackness, The Masque of, by Ben
JoNSON (q-r.), was '■ persuimted at the Court
at Whitehall, on the Twelfth-Night, 1605-6."
It was performed, " with unusual magnifi-
cence," at the cost ot £3000, the Queen
(Anne) herself taking part in it. A version,
from an original manuscript, revised and
authenticated by the poet, was printed for
the Shakespeare Society in 1849.
Blacksmith (The). (1) A musical farce
in one act, by W. Collier (q.v.), first per-
formed at the Victoria Theatre, London, in
January, 1S34, with Miss P. Horton as ^fiss
Primrose. The name of the blacksmith is
MacRivet, and among the characters are
Ladti Pedigree and Scamper (a servant). (2)
An Irish drama by Fred Maeder, Her
Majesty's Theatre, Carlisle, January 30,
1892.
Blacksmith of Antwerp (The). A
farce by O'Keefe, first performed at Covent
Garden on February 7, 17S5, with Farren as
Quintin Matsys (the hero), We-nitzer as Va7i
JJimderman, Mrs. Inchbald as Adela, and
other characters by Edwin and Quick; re-
vivedi " with songs and alterations," at
Drury Lane in October, 1816, and at New
York in 1851. Matsys, after several years'
absence, returns to Antwerp just as his
sweetheart, Adcla, is about to be man-ied
to Vail Dunderman. After some complica-
tions, the blackmith, now a painter, espouses
Adela. See Art and Artifice.
Blacksmith's Daug-hter (The). A
play of the Elizabethan period, referred to
by Stephen Gosson, in his ' Plays Confuted'
(q.v.), as deaUng with "the treachery of the
Turks, the honourable bounty of a noble
mind, and the shining of vh-tue in distress."
Blackstone, Mr. Cogrnovit. A lawyor
in Williams's and Harris's ' Cruel to be
Kind.'
Blade Bone (The). An interlude, per-
formed at the Haymarket Theatre in 1778.
Bladen, Martin. Some time comp-
troller of the Mint, and afterwards a lord-
commissioner of trade ; died 1746 ; author of
' Solon,' a tragi-comedy, in which is included
' Orpheus and Eurydice,' a masque, per-
formed in 1705. See the ' Biographia
Dramatica.'
Blades. See De Walden,
Blag-ue, Mrs. A procuress in T. Hey-
WOOD'S 'King Edward IV.' (q.v.). (2)
Alcibiades Blague is the "chevalier d'in-;
dustrie " in Jerrold'S ' Gertrude's Cherries '
(q.v.).
Blaise. (1) Servant to Dame Gertrude ia
H. Harris's 'Forest of Bondy.' (2) A
character in D.^NCE'S 'Thy Lord is not my
Lord' (5. r.).
Blaisot. (1) A farm-boy in C. Selbt'S
'Poor Nobleman' (q.v.). (2) There is a'
Blaisot, also, in Arnold's ' Maid and the
Magpie' (q.v.).
Blaize. Servant to Bonassus in J. B.
Buckstone's ' Victorine' (q.v.).
Blake, Anne. See Anne Blake.
Blake, Charles. Author of 'An'
Historical Account of the Providence Stage'"
(1S6S).
Blake, Miss, vocalist, after appearing
with success at Bath and Bristol, made hei
London debut at the Haymarket Theatre
in September, 1821, as Captain Macheath ir
' The Beggar's Opera ' (q.v.).
Blake, Mrs. "W. R. [Caroline Placide]
Actress, born 1793 ; died at Longbranch
May 21, 1881 ; appeared at the Park Theatre
New York, in 1807, in a " ballet-ijanto
mime ; ' in 1814 she began an engagemen
at the Anthony Street Theatre. Her firs
marriage was with an actor, named Waring
by whom she had a daughter Mho becanH'
successively Mrs. W. Sefton and Mrs. J. W'
Wallack, jun. She married W. R. Blab*
(q.v.) in 1826. In 1830, and onwards, she wa
leading lady at the Park Theatre, Ncv
York, where, in 1S31, she made a grea,
success as Clorinda in 'Cinderella.' L'
1862 she was at the Winter Garden Theatre
where she was the original of Joan i'
'Geraldine' and of Marita in 'Ros
Gregorio.' "As a general actress," it ha'
been said, "Mrs. Blake has had fe^
superiors, being almost equally at home i
tragedy, comedy, opera, or farce."
Blake, Thomas G. Author of 'Th
Cattle Stealers,' ' Life as it is,' ' The Lonel
Wave of the Ocean, ' Our Old House a
Home,' ' A Spanking Legacy,' etc.
Blake, "William Rufus. Actor, bor
in Nova Scotia ; died at Boston. U.S.A
April 22, 1863 ; made his New York debt
on July 12, 1824, at the Chatham Garde
BLAKELEY
BLANCHAED
Theatre as Frederick Bramble in ' The Poor
Gentleman.' In August, 1826, he married
Mrs. Waring (Miss Placide). He was mana-
ger successively of the Tremont Theatre,
Boston, 1827 ; of Walnut Street Theatre,
Philadelphia, 1829, and, with H. E. Willard,
of Olympic Theatre, New York, 1837. In
1839 he went to England, and appeared
at the Haymarket. In the same year he
liecame stage-manager of the Walnut Street
Theatre, Philadelphia, and in 1848 he ac-
cepted the like position at the Broadway
Theatre, New York. He was afterwards a
member of the stock companies at Burton's,
Wallack's, and Laura Keene's Theatres.
His last appearance in New York was on
, April 16, 1863, as Geoffrey Dale in ' The
' Last Man ; ' his last appearance on the
stage was on April 21, 1863, at the Boston
Theatre as Sir Peter Teazle. According to
T- A. Brown he was the first actor ever
called before the curtain in America— an
incident which happened at Boston, Mass.,
in 1827. "In certain characters," says J.
N. Ireland, "he surpassed all who had
attempted them. His Jesse Rural, Geoffrey
Dale, Hardcastle, old Dornton, Admiral
Kingston, Sir Peter Teazle, Sir Willoughhy
Worrelt, Sir Anthony Absolute, Governor
Heartall, etc., were examples of perfection.
... In the line of 'old men' we doubt if
he has ever been excelled on the New York
boards " (' New York Stage,' 1866). William
Winter speaks of "the richly humorous
Blake, so noble in his dignity, so firm and
fine and easy in his method, so copious
in his natural humour" ('Shadows of the
Stage ').
Blakeley, "William. Actor; was in
the original casts of Boucioault's ' How she
Loves Him' (Sir Abel Ilotsjnir) in 1867,
Robertson's 'Play ' (Bodmin Potter) in 1868,
and Yates" Tame Cats' (Mr. Ttveedie) in the
latter year. He also appeared at the Prince
of Wales's as Jbhn Chodd, sen., in a re-
vival of ' Society ' (1868). At the Olympic,
■ in 1870, he played Tanks in a revival of
'Mary Warner.' In the same year he was
the original Sampson Brass in Halliday's
'Neir (q.v.), and in 1871 created the part
of Simeon Cole in Byron's ' Daisy Farm '
(q-v.). His long connection witli the Crite-
rion Theatre appears to date from January,
1881, when he figured in the original cast of
' Brave Hearts ' (q.v.). After that he created
at this theatre the following rdles:— Jere-
miah Deeds in 'Flats' (1881), Talbot in
'Foggerty's Fairy' (1881), Brummies in
'Fourteen Days' (1882), Colonel Lindsay
in ' Cupid in Camp ' (1882), Ferdinand Pet-
tigrew in ' Featherbrain ' (1884), Barnabas
Goodeve in 'The Candidate' (1885), Peter
Mullins in 'The Man with Three Wives'
(1886), Benjamin Boulter in ' IMy Bonny Boy '
(1886), the General in 'The Headless Man'
(1889), Benjamin Bush in ' Papa's Honcy-
j moon ' (1890), Mr. Samjjson Paley in ' Sow-
.. ing and Pteaning ' (1890), Cranberry Buck
, I in 'Welcome,* Little Stranger' (1890), Mon-
tresor Smith in 'Husband and Wife' (1891),
Blijah Quarm in ' Shylock and Co.' (1891),
and Mr. Poynder in ' The Fringe of Society'
(1892). He was also seen at the Criterion
between 1881 and 1894, as Vanderpump
in 'Brighton' (1881 and 1884), Babblebrook
in 'A Lesson of Love' (1885), Ephraim
Smooth in ' Wild Oats ' (1886 and 1891),
Smith in 'David Garrick' (1886), Babington
Jones in 'May and December' (1887), 3[r.
Furnival in ' Two Roses ' (1887), Andrew
Wylie in ' The Bachelor of Arts ' (1888), Mr.
Birkett in 'Betsy' (1888), Potter in 'Still
Waters Run Deep' (1889), Mr. Tinkle in
'Who killed Cock Robin?' (1889), Hard-
castle in ' She Stoops to Conquer ' (1890), Sir
Partridge in 'Truth' (1890), Meddle in 'Lon-
don Assurance' (1890), Ironside in 'Nine
Points of the Law ' (1891), Crabtree in ' The
School for Scandal' (1891), Sir Christopher
Hatton in ' The Critic ' (1892), Uncle Bopaddy
in ' Haste to the Wedding' (' The Wedding
March ') (1892), M'Lud in ' Hot Water ' (1894).
His more recent original parts include George
Gleniield in 'The Urong Girl' (1894), Smog-
gins in ' An Artist's Model ' (1895), Duckivorth
Crabbe in ' The Chili Widow '(1895), Commo-
dore Van Gutt in ' The New Baby ' (1896), and
Mr. Pilkington in ' Solomon's Twins ' (1897).
Blakely, Thomas H. Actor ; became,
as a boy (1882), a member of the company
of the Park Theatre, New York. In 1829,
when again at the Park, "his enactments
of old men began," says Ireland, " to at-
tract attention. In the second grade of
that line of business— a class of plain blunt
sensible every-day old men, not too senti-
mentally serious nor too broadly humorous
—such as Sulky in 'The Road to Ruin,'
Porcelain in 'Family Jars,' Humphrey Dob-
bin in 'The Poor Gentleman,' Rowley in
'The School for Scandal,' etc., he surpassed
aU whom we have seen attempt it. He res
tired from the profession about 1840 " (' New
York Stage,' 1866).
Blanch.. (1) Niece of King John in
Shakespe.xres play. (2) The Avaiting-
woman in Coljian's 'Iron Chest' (q.v.).
Blanch, John. Author of three unacted
comedies : ' The Beau Merchant ' (1714),
'Swords into Anchors' (1725), and 'Hoops
into Spinning Wheels ' (1725).
Blanchard, Edward Leman. Dra-
matic and miscellaneous AVTiter, theatrical
historian and critic ; born December, 1820 ;
the younger son of William Blanchard,.
the actor (q.v.). After the death of his
father in 1835 he entered upon a literary
career, and it is believed that between
the last-named year and 1840 he produced
as many as thirty dramatic pieces, irre-
spective of pantomimes (under the nom-
de-gueiTe of ' Francisco Frost '). Between
1840 and 1844 he was engaged as house-
dramatist at the Olympic Theatre, where he
produced, among many plays of various
kinds, those entitled ' Angels and Lucifers,
' The Artful Dodge,' ' Babes in the Wood,'
'Game and Game,' 'Jack Nokes and Tom
Styles,' ' Pork Chops,' and ' The Road of
Life,' all of which see. Among his other
works for the stage may be named lii:3
BLANCHARD
170
BLANCHE
• Arcadia ' (1S41), a burlesque of ' Antigone'
(1845), 'Faith, Hope, and Charity' (1S45),
'The Cricket on our Own Hearth' (1846),
'A Wife for an Hour' (1847), 'Adam Buff'
(1850), 'Taking tlie Census' (1851), 'The
Three Perils of Man' (1852), 'The Man in
the Moon' (1871), 'Nobody in London'
(1873), ' The Bunch of Berries ' (1875), and,
•with Cunningham Bridgman, the libretto of
' Carina ' (1888). It is, however, mainly as
a writer of pantomime or Christmas ex-
travaganza that Blanchard will tigure in
dramatic annals. His adult work in this
department began in 1844, with the produc-
tion of 'Jack and the Beanstalk' at the
Victoria. In 1846 came 'King Alfred the
Great' at the Olvmpic ; in the same year,
* Watt ; or. The Birth of the Steam-Engine '
at the Victoria ; in 1S4S ' William the Con-
queror' at the Olympic, 'Lord Lovel' at
the Surrey, and ' The Land of Light ' at the
Victoria ; in 1852 ' Harlequin Hudibras ' at
Drury Lane, ' Harlequin and the World of
Flowers ' at the Surrey, and ' Undine, the
Spirit of AVater ' at the Marylebone ; in 1853
' King Humming-top ' at Drury Lane ; in
1854 ' Jack and Jill ' at Drury Lane ; in 1855
♦Hey Diddle Diddle' at Drury Lane; in
1856 'The Fisherman and the Genie' at
Sadler's Wells ; in 1857 'Little Jack Horner'
at Drury Lane; in 1859 at Sadler's Wells
' The Golden Goose ; ' in 1863 ' Friar Bacon
and John of Gaunt ' at Astley's ; in 1S64
' Hop o' my Thumb ' at Drury Lane ; and
so forth. Blanchard continued to write the
annual pantomime for Drury Lane (some-
times as "the Brothers Grinn") up to and
including 1SS3. In September, 1SS9, he
died. He had produced, in addition to
ordinary theatrical pieces, " entertain-
ments" such as 'The Carpet Bag' (1852)
for W. S. Woodin and ' The Seven Ages of
Woman' (1855) for Miss Emma Stanley.
From an early age he had written on the-
atrical matters for various newspapers and
other publications, including the JEra (from
1850) and the London Daily Telegraph (from
1863). He was also a copious contributor
to the 'Era Almanack' (from 186S). His
•Diary' (from 1844 to ISSS), edited by
Clement Scott and Cecil Howard, appeared
in 1891. He edited Willoughby's edition of
Shakespeare (1850), as well as several weekly
and monthly miscellanies ; and he was the
author of numerous guide-books. See ' Dra-
matists of the Present Day ' (1871) and the
£ra for September 7, 1SS9.
Blanchard, Thoraas, was, says Ge-
nest, " a very good actor in a certain line —
nothing could be better than his Rundy in
' The Farmer '—but he ruined himself en-
tirely by drinking " (' English Stage '). His
connection with Covent Garden terminated
in 1794. In 1796 he appeared at the Circus
in ' The Village Doctor.'
Blanchard, 'Williani. Actor, born
at York, January 2, 1769 ; died at Chelsea,
May 8, 1835 ; after some practice as a com-
positor, joined a troupe of travelling actors
at Buxton, Derbyshire, in 1785, and, under
the name of Bentley, made his first pro-
fessional appearance as Allan-d-Dale in
McNally's 'Robin Hood' (g.v.). He con-
tinued to " stroll " till 1789, figuring in such
parts as Romeo, Hastings, Lot ha no, Achmet,
Young Xorval, etc. He afterwards went
into management at Penrith, Hexham,
Barnard Castle, and Bishop Auckland, with
no success, eventually joining the Norwich
circuit and making a speciahty of such
comic parts as Lord Trinket, Flutter, etc.
His London cUhut was made at Covent
Garden in October, 1800, as Bob Acres and
as Oracle in ' The Turnpike Gate.' At
Covent Garden he remained for thirty-four
years, if we except 1832, which he spent in
America (having made his debut at the
Bowery, New York, on December 26, 1831,
as Sir Abel Handy). Oxberry (' Dramatic
Biography ') praises especially Blanchard's
Polonius, Fluellen, Pistol, Aguecheelc, Elbow,
and Sir Hugh Evans, and his Mungo in
' The Padlock ; ' adding— " We consider him,
as a general performer of all the different
species denominated old men (i.e. Lori
Ogleby, Loiley, Colonel Oldboy, Wiiiterton,
etc.) superior to any one of the present day.
[1826], and, in their own prescriptive lines
of old men, very little below Fawcett and
Dowton, and infinitely above Farrenin every-
thing huts';/- Peter Teazle and Lord Ogleby.'-
Drinkwater Meadows, in a sketch appended
to the ' Life and Reminiscences of E. L.
Blanchard (1891), says of William Blanchard,
that "as an actor he was unrivalled in his-
particular cast. He had the great talent or
giving importance to very ti'ifling charac
ters." " He was a mannerist," says Doran
"always walking the stage with his right
arm bent, as if he held it in a sling." Leigl
Hunt praises especially his Russett in 'Thi
Jealous Wife' and his Grand-Chateau \\
' The Cabinet ' (q.v.). He "retired from th'
stage in 1835 without a leave-taking, anc
died very soon after."— His first wife i'
described as "a sprightly actress and ai
elegant speaker," especially successful a
the "leading ladies" of comedy. Hi
daughter, E. Blanchard (Mrs. Hamilton) aj
peared at Covent Garden, the Haymarkel
and other theatres -notably, in 1824, a
Lady Toivnley. See Genest's ' Englis '
Stage,' 'The Thespian Dictionary,' 'Th'
Annual Register ' for 1835, and Leigh Hunt
' Performers of the London Theatres ' (1807^
also, Blanchard, Edward Leman.
Blanchard's Amphitheatre. S(
New York Theatres.
Blanche. (1) A character inBR0UGHA5i
'Duke's Motto' (g.tJ.), and in Byron's bu
lesque of that drama— ' The Motto' (q.v
(2) Blanche of Devon figures in the vario
dramatizations and burlesques of ' The Lad
of the Lake' {q-v.). (3) Lady Blanche,
Sheridan Knowles's 'Old Maids' (?.r.
is in love with Colonel Blount. (4) The
is a Lady Blanche in W. S. Gilber:^
•Princess' {q.v.) ^nd 'Princess Ida' {q>v
and (5) a Princess Blanche figures in ' Lov.
Telegraph' {q.v.).
Blanche. A comedy in three acts,
BLANCHE
BLAND
Arthur Sketchley, first performed at the
Alexandra Theatre, Liverpool, on March 14,
1S70.
Blanche, Ada. Actress, daughter of
Miss Cicely Nott (Mrs. Sam Adams) ; made
her cUbut,' as a child, in 'Little Goody Two
Shoes ' at the Adelphi (1876) ; played Polly
Flamboroiiah in ' Olivia ' on tour in 1878 ;
figured as Dandini in ' Cinderella ' at Drury
Lane in 1S7S-9 ; was in the cast of ' The
Vicar of Wakefield' {Dick) and 'As You
Like it ' {Hymen) at the Imperial in 1879-
80 ; and in i880-81 represented the Princess
in ' Mother Goose ' at Drury Lane. In 1887
she played Ernest in 'Miss Esmeralda' at
the Gaiety, and in 1891 Joan of Arc (q.v.)
at the Opera Comique. She has appeared
in the provinces as the heroine of plays by
Boucicault, in comic opera, in farcical
comedy, in burlesque, and in pantomime ;
in the last-named she has figiired of recent
years at Drury Lane. In 1896 she " created "
the title part of 'The Telephone Girl' (q.v.).
Blanche and Perrinette. See Hazle-
WOOD, C. H.
Blanche de Maletroit. A play in
one act, founded by A. E. W. Mason on a
story by R. L. Stevenson ; Ladbroke Hall,
London, June 30, 1894.
Blanche de Nevers. An opera in
four acts, libretto (founded on ' The Duke's
Motto,' q.v.) by John Brougham (q.v.),
music by M. W. Balfe, produced at Covent
Garden Theatre on November 21, 1863, with
Miss Louisa Pyne as Blanche, W. Harrison
as Lagardire, Miss Emma Heywood as the
Princesse de Gonzagncs, Miss Anna Hiles as
Zillah, and other parts by H. Corri, Aynsley
Cook, C. Lyall, etc.
Blanche Farreau. A drama by W.
Calvert, adapted from Charles Gibbon's
novel ' For the King ; ' New Theatre Royal,
Liverpool, October 5, 1890.
Blanche Heriot ; or, The Chertsey
Curfew. A domestic and historical drama
in two acts, by Albert Smith (q.v.), first
performed at the Surrey Theatre, London,
on September 26, 1842, with Mrs. R. Honner
as the heroine and N. T. Hicks as Hugh
Laneret; first played at New Yoi-k in
December of the same year. According to
a local legend, followed "in the play, Blanche
^yas an "heroic girl who, in order to gain
time for her lover's pardon to arrive, and so
save his head from ' rolling on the Abbey
mead,' clung to the clapper of the enormous
beU ia the belfry tower, and thereby attained
her object."
Blanche of Brandy-wine. An
American "patriotic spectacle," first per-
formed at Laura Keene's Theatre, New
York, on April 22, 1858, with Miss Sarah
Stevens in the title part, Wheatleigh as
"the lonely man of the vallev," Jett'erson as
Seth Uope, F. Bangs as Gilbert Gates, etc.
Blanche of Chillon.
Howard.
See Paul,
Blanche of Jersey. A musical romance
in two acts, written by R. B. Peake (q.v.)
and composed by John Barnett ; first per-
formed at the English Opera House, London,
on August 9, 1837, with a cast including
Brindal, Diddear, Miss Romer (as the
heroine), and others.
Blanche of Navarre. A play by G.
P. R. James, produced at the Bowery The-
atre, New York, in September, 1839, with
Mrs. Shaw as the heroine. It was pub-
lished in L'ondon in the same year.
Blanchette. A character in 'The
Violet' (q.v.).
Bland, .Charles. Vocalist; son of
Maria Theresa Bland (q.v.); appeared at
Covent Garden in April, 1826, as Oberon in
Weber's opera. In 1831 he was singing at
Manchester, in 1831-2 at the Olympic, and
in 1833-4 at Astley's.
Bland, Dr., in H. Wigan's 'Friends
and Foes' (g.?;.), 'corresponds to the Dr.
Tholosan of ' Nos Intimes.'
Bland, James. Actor ; son of Maria
Theresa Bland (q.v.); born 1798, died
July 17, 1861 ; appeared at the English
Opera House (Lyceum), London, in 1826 in
Winter's 'Oracle' (q.v.), and afterwards
was engaged at Drury Lane. In 1831 he
made, at the Olympic and in Planch^'s
' Olympic Devils '.(^.r.), his first appearance
in extravaganza. He subsequently created
the following (among many) parts in
Planche's lighter pieces ; — Green Horn the
Great in 'Riquet with the Tuft' (1836),
Pumpkin the Prodigioiis in ' Puss in Boots '
(1837), Baron Abomelique in 'Blue Beard'
(1837), Thomas Noddy of Ko-Land in 'The
Sleeping Beauty' (1840), Sir Aldgate Pump
in 'Beauty and the Beast' (1841), King
jEetes in ' The Golden Fleece ' (1845), and
the Infante Furibond in 'The Invisible
Prince' (1846). Other original rdlfs of his
include Spiegelberg in Oxenford's ' Dice of
Death' (1835), the Marquis Vincenza in
G. A. X Becket's 'Man-Fred' (1848), the
Lion in Coyne and Talfourd's 'Leo the
Terrible ' (1852), Creon in Lemon's 'Medea'
(1856), Wayland Smith in Halliday's ' Kenil-
worth' (1S58), and Sir John Bingleg in
Craven's ' Postboy ' (1860). His last appear-
ance was as Tivitterly Fluttersome in T. J.
Williams's 'Peace and Quiet' (Strand The-
atre, 1S61). "James Bland," says Planch(?,
" established his reputation as the monarch
of extravaganza, in which dominion he so
long exercised sovereign sway and master-
dom, and has never been surpassed by the
successors to his throne. His training in
subordinate characters under the best actors
of the regular drama imparted to his tone
and manner an earnestness which, while
it gave point to the epigram, trebled the
absurdity of the language in which it was
conveyed. He made no effort to be ' funny,'
but so judiciously exaggerated the expres-
sion of passion indicated by the mock-heroic
language he had to deliver, that Avhile it
became irresistibly comic it never degeue-
BLAND
BLEAK HOUSE
rated to mere buffoonery, but was acknow-
ledged by the most fastidious critic to be
* admirable fooling ' " (' Recollections,' 1S72).
Bland, Jolin. Author of ' The Song of
Solomon,' a drama (1750).
Bland, Maria Theresa [nee Eoman-
zini]. Vocalist and actress, born 1769,
died 1S3S ; received her first engagement as
a singer when only a child of four ; later
she figured at the Eoyai; Circus (afterwards
the Surrev Theatre) in panto mjme ; thence
she went "to the Dublin Theatre, returning
to London in 17S6 to begin (on October 24)
a connection with Drury Lane Theatre
which lasted nearly forty years. Her first
part there was that of Antonio in Gretry's
' Richard Cceur de Lion ' {q.v.). In the same
vear she sang at Sadler's Wells ; in 17S9 she
was at Liverpool ; and in 1791 she appeared
at the Haymarket, opening as Woicski in
' Inkle and" Yarico ' (^.r.). Among her most
popular parts were those of Miss Xotahle in
* The Ladv's Last Stake,' Nina in ' The
Prisoner,' 'Mary Ann in ' The School for
Guardians,' Madelon in 'The Surrender of
Calais,' and Sally in ' The Shipwreck.' In
1790 she was married to Bland, a brother of
Mrs. Jordan {q.v.) and an actor. In 1824
she began to give indications of mental
weakness ; a "benefit" was tendered to her
in that vear at Drury Lane, and from that
date till" her death she lived in retirement.
Robson ('The Old Playgoer') says that
" Mrs. Bland's was one of those flowing
voices which have always been my dehght.
Nothing could exceed its combined ease,
power, and sweetness. . . . Mrs. Bland was,
in short, the best female singer of simple,
pure melodies we have had since I became
acciuainted with the stage" (1S46). "She
was strictly a singer," says Genest, "but
liad considerable merit as an actress "
(' English Stage '). Edward StirHng says
she was "very much liked at Drury Lane
under EUiston's management. Her ballads
were always an attraction in the bills. She
frequently" sang between the play and the
farce. Old English music and clear utter-
ance of words, without the redundance of
modern ornament -too frequently spoiling
melody " (' Old Drury Lane ').
Bland, Miss. See Jordan, Mrs.
Blande, Edith. Actress ; has played
in London the following original parts :—
Lillas in 'Carmen; or. Sold for a Song'
(1S79), Proserpine in ' Venus ' (1S79), Princess
Parasol in 'BaUoonacy' (1S79), Claudine in
English version of 'La Fille du Tambour
Major ' (ISSO), Rose in ' Claude Duval" (ISsl),
3[rs. Wallalv in ' Quite an Adventure ' (ISSl),
and Ahdalldh in ' The Forty Thieves ' (Drury
Lane, 1SS6). She has also been seen in
London as Harry Halyard in 'Poll and My
Partner Joe ' (Globe, 187S), and as Gloriana
Loverino in ' My Artful Valet ' (1S96).
Blandford. (1) Belinda Blandford, in
A. MURPHYS ' All in the Wrong' (g.r.),is in
love with Beverley (q.v.). (2) Sir Philip and
Miss Blandford are characters in Morton's
'Speed the Plough ' {q.v.).
Blandish.. (1) The name of two parasites,
brother and sister, in Blrgoyne's ' Heiress'
{q.v.). (2) Beau Blandish is the hero of
A. C. Calmour's ' Widow Winsome' {q.v.).
Blang-i, Sarah. The heroine of M.
Barnett's 'Sarah the Creole' {q.v.).
Blarney. (1) A drama by ArousTB
Creamer, produced at the Theatre Royal,
Newcastle-under-Lyme, on March 1, 1875.
(2) A farce by J. D. LOGUE, performed at ,
Norwich on March 12, 1875,
Blarney, Lady. A character in ver-
sions of ' The Vicar of Wakefield' {q.v.).
Blarney, The Groves of. See Groves '
OF Blarney. I
Bias, Gil. See Boy of SANTiLLANEand ,
Gil Blas. ,
Bias. Buy. See EuY Blas and Rm-
BL.4.S RIGHTED.
Blasenbalgr, Berthold. A mining'
agent in T. Taylor and A. W. DUBOURGS'
' New Men and Old Acres ' {q. v.). i
Blaze. King of Diamonds in Planche'S-
' YeUow Dwarf ' {q. v.).
Blazer, General. A character in J.
E. Carpenters ' Law and Honour.'
Blazes. A bailiff in J. M. MORTON':
' Chaos has come Again ' {q.v.).
Blazing- Burgee (The). A burlesque
by T. G. Bowles.
Blazing- Comet (The), The Mac"
Lovers, or The Beauties of the
Poets. A play by Samuel Johnson {q.v.)
acted at the Haymarket, and printed ii
1732. It has been described as " a farragi
of madness, absurdity, and bombast, inter
mingled with some strokes of genius anc
imagination."
Blazing- World (The). An unfinishe< ,
comedy, by the Duchess of Newcastl:_
{q.v.), printed with her other works (1668). ',
Blazon, Lady. A character in Lema'
Rede^s ' Rake"s Progress ' {q.v.). (2) Lad
Bab Blazon is one of the personce in J. I
Planche"s ' Who's your Friend ? '
Bleak House. A novel by Charle
Dickens {q.v.), of which there have bee
several dramatizations : — (1) ' Bleak House
a drama by John Brougham {q.v.), fir.-
performed at AVallack's Theatre, New Yorl
on October 13, 1S53, with the author i
Sir Leicester Dedlock, Miss Laura Keer
as Lady Dedlock, and Mrs. Brougham {
Hortense. (2) ' Lady Dedlock's Secret
{q.v.), bv J. Palgrave Simpson (1874). (.*
'Jo' {q'.v.), by J. P. Burnett (1S75). ('
'Bleak House :' a drama by George La,
DER, produced at the Pavihon Theatre, Lo
don, in March, 1S76. (5) ' Bleak House ; c
Poor Jo:' a play by Eliza Thorne, pr
duced at the Alexandra, Sheffield, in Apr
BLECHINGTON HOUSE
173
BLIND LADY
876. (6) 'Poor Jo' (q.v.), by H. Daven-
port (1878). (7) 'Jo the Waif (g.v.),
1876) ; (8) ' Move On ; or, The Crossing
Sweeper' (q.v.), by J. Mortimer (1883),
if terwards known as ' Jo, the Outcast ' (q.v.),
md (9) ' Bleak House,' by Oswald Brand,
];rand Theatre, Islington, June, 1903.
Bleching-ton House ; or, The Sur-
render. An historical drama in three acts,
oy H. T. Craven (q v.), first performed at
;;he City of London Theatre, April 20, 1846,
ivith a cast including the author.
Bleeding- Nun of Lindenburgr
The). See Raymond and Agnes.
Blenkinsop. A comic man-servant in
roM Taylor's 'Unequal Match' (q.v.).
Blifil, in Buchanan's ' Sophia ' (q.v.), is
i, hypocritical suitor of the heroine and the
enemy of Tom Jones.
Bligrhted Bachelors (The). An ex-
travaganza by Nelson Lee, first performed
it the Theatre Roval, Liverpool, on March
29, 1875. (2) 'Blighted Bachelors:' a
"farcical comedy and burlesque," by
Llewellyn Willl4MS, Corn Exchange
Theatre, Derby, August 29, 1881.
Blighted Being- (A). A farce by Tom
Taylor (g.w.), first performed at the Olympic
Theatre, London, on October 16, 1854, with
F. Robson as Job Wort, Danvers as Thaddeiis
O'Rafferty, and Miss E. Turner as Susan
Spanker; first played at New York in the
same year.
Blighted Flower (The). See Linda
m Chamouni.
Blind Bargain (The); or, Hear
him Out. A comedy by Frederick
Reynolds (q.v.), first performed at Covent
Garden on October 24, 1804, with Fawcett
as Sir Andreiv Analyse, Blanchard as Dr.
Pliable, Mrs, Davenport as Miss Gurnet,
Emery as Giles Woodbine, and other parts by
Mrs. Gibbs, Kemble, Farley, and others ;
(first played at Nov York in 1805.
BlindBeggar of Alexandria(The).
A comedy by George Chapman (q.v.),
"most pleasantly discoursing his various
jhumours in disguised shapes, full of con-
ceit and pleasure," produced on February
[12, 1595-6, and published in 1598, without
division into acts or scenes. It was " sundry
.times publicly acted in London" by the
Lord High Admiral's servants.
I Blind Beggar of Bethnal Green
[The), "with the Merry Humour of Tom
(Stroud, the Norfolk Yeoman." A comedy
by John Day and Henry Chettle (q.v.),
'• divers times publicly acted by the Prince's
servants" in 1600, and printed in 1659. In
this piece the writers do not follow the
well-known ballad. A second and a third
['"part" of 'The Blind Beggar,' carrying
' on the story of Tom Stroud, were written
©y John Day and W. Houghton in 1601
(see Fleay). (2) A ballad farce by Robert
Dodsley (q.v.), music by Dr. Arne, first
performed at Drury Lane ou April 3, 1741,
with Berry as the Beggar and Mrs. Clive
as Bes.sy, his daughter. The Beggar wishes
his daughter to marry Sir William MorUy •
but her heart has been given to Welford,
who has rescued her from seduction, and
the Beggar and Sir William acquiesce in her
choice. The former reveals himself as Sir
Simon Montford, and presents his daughter
and her lover with £5000, which he has saved
from the WTeck of his fortune. Among the
characters is J oh n Sly, a Puritan. (3) A play
in two acts, by H. M. Milner (q.v.). See
Beggar of Bethnal Green.
Blind Beggars (The). See Deux
Aveugles.
Blind Boy (The). (1) A play, adapted
by W. DUNLAP (q.v.) from Kotzebue's ' Epi-
gram,' and produced at New York on March
30, 1803, with Hodgkinson as ilajor Syden-
ham, Jefferson as Carlos, Mrs. Hodgkinson
as Isabella, Mrs. Hallam as Frederica, and
Mrs. Johnson as Theodore. (2) A melodrama
in two acts, adapted by James Kenney (q.v.)
from ' L'lUustre Aveugle,' first performed at
Covent Garden on December 1, 1807, with
Mrs. C. Kemble in the title part (Edmund^),
Fawcett as Oberto, Listen as J/oimo (" a silly
fellow"), Brunton as Rodolph, Murray as
Stanislaus (King of Sarmatia), Farley as
Kalig, and Miss Norton as Elvina ; first
played at New York in December, 1808, with
Twaits as Kalig and Mrs. Twaits as Elvina ;
revived at Drury Lane on June 20, 1826,
with Miss Kelly as Edmund, Dowton as
Oberto, \la.r\ey as Molino, Bennett as Kalig,
and Miss Smithson as Elvina. See Charles
Lamb's sonnet on Miss Kelly's performance
as the blind boy —
" What praise is thine,
O mistress of the passions, artist fine !
Who dost our souls against our sense command,
Plucking the horror from a sightless face.
Lending to blank deformity a grace."
Blind eat many a Ply (The). A
play by THOMAS Heywood (q.v.), performed
in 1602.
Blind Girl (The); or, A Receipt
for Beauty. A comic opera in three acts,
written by Thomas Morton (q.v.), com-
posed by Reeve and Mazzinghi, and first
performed at Covent Garden on April sZ,
1301, with Mrs. H. Johnston in the title
part (Clara Bonito), Fawcett as Sjyla.sh, John-
stone as Sligo, and other parts by Munden,
Incledon, and Mrs. Mattocks.
Blind Girl's Fortune (The). See
Second Love and Two Orphans.
Blind ^Hearts. A drama in four acts,
by Charles Collins, Theatre Royal, Bir-
mingham, December 17, 1877.
Blind Justice. A drama, in a prologue
and three acts, by E. C. Bertrand, Theatre
Royal, Wolverhampton, September 23, 1886.
Blind Lady (The). A tragi-comedy
by Sir Robert Howard (q.v.), printed in
1660. The plot is taken from Heylin's
' Cosmography,' lib. 2. " The Blind Lady is
an amorous old woman, who is inclined to
have a seventh husband" (Genest).
BLIND LOVE
174
BLOOM
Blind Love. A play by Charles
Klein, produced at the Academy of Music,
lUiffalo, U.S.A., March 21, 1895. See
Roberts, George.
Blind Man's Buff. A piece per-
formed at the Olympic Theatre, New York,
in December, 1843, -with Walcot as Canova,
Nickinson as Dunderhead, etc.
Blind Marriage (A). A play in four
acts, by F. Francis, first performed at the
Criterion Theatre, London, on August 20,
1896, with a cast including Miss Kate
Rorke, Miss Eva Moore, Miss C. Addison,
Herbert Standing, Herbert Waring, C. Ful-
ton, and H. V. Esmond ; afterwards per-
formed in the English provinces, with H.
Standing in his original part.
Blind Sister (The), A drama in four
acts, by Paul Meritt and George Con-
quest, produced at the Grecian Theatre,
London, on October 26, 1874. See Lacy,
M. ROPHINO.
Blindfold. A comedietta by R. Soutar,
adapted from ' Le Bongeoir,' and first per-
formed at the Gaiety Theatre, London,
May 4, 1SS2, by Miss Kate Vaughan, Arthur
Dacre, and C Marius. See Journey's End
IN Lovers' JIeeting and Odds are Even.
Blink, George. Author of ' The Tiger
at Large ' (Strand Theatre, London, 1837).
Blinker, Benjamin. A London
"tiger" in Watts Phillips's 'Lost in
London ' (^.r.).
Blinkum, Lord. A "reverend owl"
in Coyne and Talfourd's Leo the Terrible '
q.v.).
Blinval, Captain. " The Prisoner of
Rochelle " in G. Dibdin Pitt's burletta of
that name (q.v.).
Bliss, Mrs. Singleton, in Byron's
' Cyril's Success ' (q.v.).
Blissett. Actor ; made his first appear-
ance in New York in August, 1797. He ' ' was
one of the best of actors in a small part, or
French character. As Dr. Caius, Dr. Dab-
lancoeur, Jerry Sneak, Canton, Sheepface,
and Bagatelle he was perfection " (Ireland).
He returned to England in 1821.
Blister. An apothecary in Fielding's
' Virgin Unmasked ' {q.v.).
Block. (1) A sailor in Smollett's
'Reprisal' (q.v.). (2) A character in DUN-
LAP's 'Where is He?' (3) Shenezer and
Marian Block figure in Oxenford's ' Neigh-
bours' (q.v.). (4) There is a 3Ir. PunctUio
Block in WOOLER'S 'I'll -write to the
" Times."'
Blockhead, Ben, in Buckstone's
'Billy Taylor' (q.v.).
Blockheads (The). An opera per-
formed at New York, and printed in 1783.
Blod-vvir. An opera by Dr. Joseph
J^ARRV, performed at Swansea, Wales, on
June 20, 1878.
Blomfield, Luke, in Reade's 'Dora'
(q.v.).
Blondel. (1) A minstrel in INlACN ally's:
• Cceur de Lion' (q.v.). (2) A character in
C. P. Thompson's 'The Shade.'
Blondin; or, The Tight Rope. A
farce performed at Her Majesty's Opera
House, Aberdeen, February 5,' 1873. ,
Blondinette. "Little Red Riding
Hood" in L. Buckingham's extravaganza
of that name (q.v.).
Blood, Colonel, figures in W. T,
Townsend's ' Whitefriars.' See Blooi.
Royal.
Blood for Blood. See Shade, The.
Blood, J. J. Dramatic writer; authoi
of ' Our Lodger ■ (1885), ' 'Twixt Kith anc
Kin ' (1887), ' Her Trustee ' (1887), ' Fate am
Fortune ' (1891).
Blood-red Knight (The); or, Th<
Fatal Bridge. A melodramatic romance
by W. Barrymore (q.v.), performed ii
London with W. West as Sir Roivland (the
Knight) ; first played at New York u
January, 1828, with Richings in the titL
part.
Blood Royal; or, The Crowi
Jewels. A play by Thomas Arche]
(q.v.), in which the author represented th
hero, Colonel Blood; performed at Ne\
York in 1847. See Blood, Colonel.
Blood will have Blood. A play pre,
duced at the Olympic Theatre, London, tl
1813. ;
Bloodhound. A character in Rowley' ;
' Match at Midnight ' (q.v.). \
Bloody "Banquet (The). A tragedj'
printed in 1620, and ascribed to Thoma|
Barker, but probably written by RobeR'
Davenport (q.v.). It'is partly in rhymed an
partly in blank verse. The "bloody bar
quet " is that given by Armatrites, King c
Cilicia, who, finding that his wife ha
committed adultery with, and afterward
killed, Tymethes, causes the last-named t'
be quartered, one quarter being reserved fC'
the queen's consumption at table, and th
rest being exhibited to the guests ! Se
Genesfs ' English Stage ' (1832).
Bloody Bones. A character in 0:
WAY'S ' Soldier's Fortune' (q.v.).
Bloody Brother (The). See Rollc
Duke of Normandy.
Bloody Duke (The) ; or. The Ad
ventures for a Crown. A politic?
pamphlet in dramatic form, directed again.'
James XL, and printed in 1690. It was b
the author of ' The Abdicated Prince ' (q.v. ;
Bloody Plot Discovered (A),
tragedy, printed in 1780, and attributed t,
one Ball, probaldy, says the ' Biographi
Dramatica,' the author of ' The Beautifi
Armenia' (q.v.).
Bloom. (1) A "gentleman commoner
BLOOMER COSTUME
175
BLUE AND BUFF
in Baker's ' Hampsteacl Heath ' {q.v.). (2)
Barbara Bloom figures in T. Townsend'S
•Bell-ringer of St. Paul's.' (3) Ja)iet Bloom
3 a waiting-maid in M. Lemon's ' Grey
Doublet' cg.u.).
Bloomer Costume (The); or, The
Fig-ure of Fun. A farce by Edward
Stirling, first performed at the Strand
Iheatre in September, 1851, by a cast in-
cluding Miss Mariihall, Miss Maskell,
Hudspeth, Atwood, and J. Rogers. (2)
Bloomerism ; or, The Follies of the Day : '
I farce by J. H. Nightingale and C.
MiLLWARD, first performed at the Adelphi
Theatre, London, in October, 1851, with G.
Eoney and ^Nliss ^\'oolga^ as Mr. and Mrs.
Agncola Green, Paul Bedford and Miss K.
Fitzwilham as Mr. and Mrs. Flighty Bounce,
Woolgar and Mrs. Woolidge as Mr. and Mrs.
Slowman, C. J. Smith as Cotait Knoweroff,
'0." Smith as John Airey (a policeman),
vnd Miss E. Chaplin as Sairey Potts (a
naid-of-all-work).
Bloomer, Lady Bell. A character in
- ajrs. Cowley's 'Which is the Man?' (2)
• ' There is a Lady Bloomer in C. J. jNIathews's
f Dowager' ((/.v.).
Bloomfield, Lady. A character in
Kexney's ' World ' {q.v.). (2) Louisa Bloom-
ield is the heroine of Selbt'S ' Unfinished
^ientleman' {q.v.).
Bloomly, Mrs. (1) A young widow in
•iELBY's ' Irish Dragoon ' (,q-v.). (2) Mrs.
Bloomly is the "charming woman" in H.
^Vigan's comedy of that name {q.v.). (3) Sir
Rose and Algernon Bloomly are characters
n T. H. Bayly's * You can't marry your
iTraudmother ' {q-v.).
Bloomsbury, Miss. An "actress of
ill work" in Selby's 'Spanish Dancers'
[q.v.).
Blossom,. (1) Mr. Benjamin Blossom in
J. M. Morton's 'Who stole the Pocket-
Book ? ' (2) Betsy Blossom in E. Stirling's
Clarence Clevedon.' (3) Jerry Blossom in
POCOCK'S ' Hit or Miss.'
Blossom, of Churnington Green
The); or, Love, Rivalry, and Re-
venge. A burlesque drama in one act, by
F. R. HOSKINS. The " blossom " is Bettina,
md among the other characters are 2ied
Haivthorn, Simon Forge, Sergeant Toddyswig,
-^^ :! knd the Mysterious Stranger.
\ Blot in the 'Scutcheon (A). A play
'in three acts, by Robert Browning {q.v.),
arst performed at Drurv Lane Theatre on
February 11, 1843, with Phelps as Thorold,
Lord Tresham, J. Anderson as Henry, Earl
Mertoun, IMiss Helen Faucit as Mildred
Tresham,"Slvs.S)tivlmgsLsGuendolenTresham,
ind G. Bennett as Gerard; revived at
Sadler's Wells on November 27, 1848, with
Phelps in his original part, G. F. Dickenson
\s Mertoun, Hoskins as Aristin, ]\Iiss Cooper
is Mildred, Miss Huddart as Guendolen ;
produced at Washington, U.S.A., on Decem-
ber 17, 1884, with Laurence Barrett as
\Tresham; played twice at the St. George's
Hall, London, on xVpril 30, 1885, by amateurs
[Browning was present at one of these
performances] ; produced at the Olympic
Theatre, London, on ilarch 15, 1888, with
Miss Alma Murray as Mildred, Miss A.
Leighton as Guendolen, C. J. Fulton as
Tresham, F. Rodney as Mertoun, B. Webster
&S Austin, and G. R. Foss as Gerard; per-
formed at the Gentleman's Concert Hall,
Manchester, INIarch 27, 1893, with Miss May
Harvey as Mildred, Miss Ada Wyniard as
Guendolen, L. Calvert as Tresham, E. V.
Reynolds as Austin, and Martin Harvey as
Mertoun ; performed at the Opera Comique,
London, on June 15, 1893, with Miss Harvey,
Martin Harvey, and L. Calvert as at Man-
chester,;and Miss N. De Silvaas Guendolen;
at Liverpool, under the auspices of the Arts
Club, in January, 1894, with Miss Ada
Mellon as Guendolen.
Blount. The name of a family in
Sheridan Knowles's 'Old Maids' {q.v.),
consisting of a rich jeweller, his wife, and
his sons John and Thomas. (2) Sir Frederick
Blount is the lisping swell in LORD Ly^TON's
' Money ' {q.v.).
Blouzabella. Queen of Allaquiz in
PLANCHi:'s ' Invisible Prmce' {q.v.).
" Blow, hlow, thou winter wind."
First line of the song sung by Amiens in act
ii. so. 7 of ' As You Like It.'
Blow for Blow. A drama, in a prologue
and three acts, by H. J. Byron {q.v.), first
performed at the Holborn Theatre, London,
on September 5, 1868, with Miss Lydia Foote
as Mildred and Alice Craddock, Miss J.
Rignold as Lady Ethel Lindon, Miss Sallie
Turner as Sirs. Moulscy, G. Honey as Charley
Spraggs, J. C. Cowper as Drummond, Par-
selle as Dr. Grace ; revived at the Adelphi
in March, 1870 ; at Sadler's WeUs in May,
1881, with Miss Isabel Bateman as Mildred
and Alice, Miss K. Pattison as Lady Ethel,
Miss L. Linden as Kitty, J. D. Beveridge as
Drummond, etc
Blow in the Dark (The). A come-
dietta in one act, by Thompson Townsend
{q.v.), first performed at the Surrey Theatre,
London, in 1855, with Vollaire as Baron
Bonbon.
Blo-whard. (1) A character in Tyrone
Power's ' How to Pay the Rent' {q.v.). (2)
Mr. Benjamin and Miss Dinah Blowhard
figure in J. M. Morton's ' Slasher and
Crasher' {q.v.). (3) Hector Bloichard is a
trumpeter in Parselle'S ' My Son's a
Daughter ' {q.v.).
Blue Anchor (The). See Pocock,
Isaac.
Blue and Buff; or, The Great
Muddleboroug-h Election. A comic
opera in two acts, written by E. V. Ward,
composed by W. L. Frost, and "first performed
at the Bijou Opera House. Liverpool, on
January 24, 1880; produced in London at
the Haymarket on September 5, 1881, with
a cast including H. St. Maur, Eric Lewis,
Miss Emily Thorne, antl Miss Lottie Venne.
BLUE AND THE GRAY
BLUE BEARD
Blue and the Gray (The). A military
drama bv Elliott Barnes, produced at
Niblo's Theatre, New York, May 19, 1884.
Blue Beard. The hero of a famous
nursery story and central figure of the
following (among manv) dramatic pieces :
(1) ' Blue Beard ; or, The Flight of Harle-
quin : ' pantomime produced at Covent
Garden in December, 1791. (2) ' Blue Beard ;
or, Female Curiosity : ' a musical entertain-
ment in two acts, by G. Colman, jun. iq.v.\
first performed at Drury Lane on January
16, 1793, ■Nvith Palmer as Abomelique, Ban-
nister, jun., as Shaeabac, Dowton as Ibrahim,
Kelly as (S'e^im, Mrs. Crouch as Fatinia, Miss
De Camp as Irene, and Mrs. Bland as Beda ;
first plaved at New York in 1802, with Tyler
as Abomelique, Jefiferson as Ibrahim, Hodg-
kinson as Selim, and Mrs. Hodgkinson as
Fatima ; revived at Covent Garden on
February IS, 1811, with Barrymore as
Abomelique, Fawcett as Shaeabac, and Mrs.
C. Kemble as Irene [on this occasion a
troop of horses made its appearance in the
course of the piece, drawing down the in-,
dignation of 'The Dramatic Censor' and
other authorities : seeGenest]; at the same
theatre on June 2, 1825, with Egerton as
Abomelique, Duruset sls Shaeabac, Blanchard
as Ibrahim, and Miss M. Tree as Fatima.
(3) ' Blue Beard : ' a burlesque burletta
in one act, by J. R. Planche (q.v.) and
Charles Dance (^.r.), first performed at
the Olympic Theatre, London, on January
1, 1839", with :\Idme. Vestris as Fleurette,
Mrs. Franks as Anne, Mrs. Macnamara as
Bame Perroquet, J. Brougham as O'Shac
0 Back, and J. Bland as Baron Abomelique
<Blue Beard) ; revived at the Lyceum in
1848, with Miss Fitzwilliam as Fleurette.
(4) ' Blue Beard ! from a new point of hue :'
a burlesque extravaganza by H. J. Byron
(q.v. ), first performed at the Adelphi Theatre,
London, on December 26, 1860, with Miss
Emily Thorne as Selim, ISIiss Woolgar as
Fatima, Miss Kate Kelly as Sister Anne, J.
L. Toole as Abomelique, and Paul Bedford
as Shac-a-bac. (5) ' Bluebeard Re-Paired :
a worn-out subject, done-up anew:' an
operatic extravaganza in one act, adapted
from the ' Barbe Bleue ' (q.v.) of H. Meilhac
and L. Halevy, by Henry Bellingham, and
first performed (with music by OS'enbach)
at the Olympic Theatre, London, on June 2,
1866, with W. H. Stephens as King Early-
purl, W. M. Terrott as Bluebeard, Miss
Sheridan as Prince Sapphire, Miss E. Farren
as Robert ("a policeman of the period"),
Miss H. E verard as Queen Greymare. Among
the other personce are Numskull, Stirf'back
(a courtier). Princess Periicink, and Mopsa
(a shepherdess). (6) ' Blue Beard, the Great
Bashaw:' burlesque by H. T. Arden,
Crystal Palace, March 29," 1869. (7) ' Barbe
Bleue' (q.v.), Meilhac, Halevy, and Offen-
bach's piece, adapted, and produced at the
Gaiety (1S70). (8) 'Blue Beard:' panto-
mime by H. J. By'RON, Covent Garden,
December, 1871. (9) 'Blue Beard, Cinde-
rella, and Prince Pretty-Step :' pantomime
SJt the Garrick Theatre,"London, December,
1872. (10) ' Blue Beard :' an extravaganza
by H. B. Earn IE, performed over four
hundred and seventy times in America, and.
first produced in London on September 19,
1874, at the Charing Cross Theatre, with
Lionel Brough in the title part, Miss Lydia
Thompson as Selim, Miss K. Irwin as
Fatima. Miss B. de Landre as Sister Anne,
Miss Alice Atherton as the 0' Shaeabac, Miss
Topsy Venn as Hassan, Alfred Bishop as
Ibrahim,a.nd Willie Edonin SLsCorporal Zoug-
Zoug and the Heathen Chinee ; transferred
on December 24, 1874, to the Globe Theatre,
as a " pantomime-bouffe," with Miss Thomp-
son, Miss Venn, Lionel Brough, and WiUie
Edonin as before, Miss R. Sanger as Fatima,
Miss Emily Duncan as Sister Anne, Miss K.
Irwin as the 0' Shaeabac, and G. Beckett
as Ibrahim,— '^liss Thompson, Edonin, G.
Barrett, G. Beckett, and Brough appearing
in a "harlequinade" as columbine, clown
pantaloon, harlequin, and policeman re
spectively ; transferred to the Charing Crosi
Theatre (now the Folly) on October 16, 1876
with Miss Thompson, Brough, Edonin, ant
Miss Venn in their original parts, Misi.
Violet Cameron as Fatima, and Miss ElU
Chapman as the 0' Shaeabac ; revived at thi
Bijou, New York, in May, 1884. (11) ' Blu.
Beard in a Black Skin : ' an operatic absur
dity by Morton Williams, Norwich, June
1875. "(12) ' Blue Beard and Fat Emma ; oi
The Old Man who cried "Heads" :' bur
lesque by Frank Green, North Woolwicl
Gardens. June 18, 1877. (13) 'Blue Bear.
Re-Trimmed : ' burlesque, Park Theatre
London, July, 1877. (14) ' Blue Beard Re.
Wived:' pantomime by John Douglass
Standard Theatre, London, December, 1871-
(15) ' Blue Beard : ' pantomime by E. I
Blanchard, Drury Lane Theatre, Decen
ber, 1879. (16) * Blue Beard done Brown :.
pantomime by H. Spry, Sanger's, Londoi
December, 1881. (17) 'Blue Beard; o
The Hazard of the Dye : ' a burlesqu>
drama in three acts, by F. C. Burnan
(q.v.), first performed at the Gaiety Tb
atre, London, on March 12, 1883, with Mi;
E. Farren as the Baron Abomelique de Ban
Bleue, Edward Terry as Petitpois, and Mii.
Kate Vaughan, Miss Connie Gilchrist, I,
Monkhouse, and E. J. Henley in other part
(18) 'Blue Beard and Son:' burlesque. Bat
March, 1883. (19) ' Blue Beard : pant
mime by Horace Lennard, Crystal Palac
December, 1883. (20) 'Blue-Eyed Bli
Beard, the Masher Pasha :' pantomime 1
G. Thorn, Grand Theatre, Islington, D
cember, 1885. (21) 'Blue Beard:' pant
mime by F. Butler, Elephant and Cast
Theatre, London, December, 1890. (2
' Blue Beard : ' operetta in four acts, writt
by W. S. North, composed by J. McCullui
C"hildren's Hospital, Dublin, January ]
1894. (23) ' Blue Beard : ' pantomime ,
H. Lennard (q.v.). Crystal Palace, Dece:
ber 22, 1894. (24) ' Blue Beard : ' ball
music by G. Jacobi, Alhambra Theat '
London, December 16, 1895.— A ' Blue Beai
was produced in New York in 1884, wi
Miss Fanny Rice as Fatima. It was f
I lowed at Niblo's Garden in 1890 by 'BI
L
BLUE BELLE
177
BLUFF KING HAL
Seard, Junior,' by C. M. Greene and
'. J. Enstis.— ' Blue Beard' is the title
;nd subject of a two-act tragedy by the
fiarl of Ellesmere (1S41), of a "serio-comic
•triental Romance" in one act by Bishop
Ieber (1868), and of dramatic pieces by
. V. Bridgeman and T. A. Palmer.
Blue Belle. A play by Dion Bouci-
AULT {q.v.\ produced at Burton's, New
ork, in 1856.
Blue Bells of Scotland (The). A
omedy-drama in five acts, by Robert
;UCHANAN, taken partly from his prose
imance, 'A Child of Nature,' and first
,erformed at the Novelty Theatre, London,
eptember 12, 1887, with Henry Neville as
raham Macdonald, Miss Harriett Jay as
■ ady Ethel Gordon, Miss Fortescue as Mina
lacdonald, and other roles by Arthur El-
ood, Scott Buist, G. Canninge, S. Calhaem,
ad Miss Marie Stuart.
Blue, Billy. A servant in E. Stirling's
[Little Back Parlour' (q.v.). (2) Diana
linger Blue, is a character in E. Stirling's
Buffalo Girls' (g. v.).
Blue Blood. A play by Madeline L.
tYLEY, produced in U.S.A.
Blue Boar (The). A "fantastic farce"
I three acts, by Louis N. Parker (7.1;.) and
[urray Carson {q.v.), first performed at
le Court Theatre, Liverpool, on August 31,
;94 ; produced at Terry's Theatre, London,
1 March 23, 1895, with Edward Terry as
obert Honeydew, Harcourt Beatty as Cyril
'rawthivaite, G. Belraore as the Griffin, L.
enyon as Boots, Miss Alexes Leighton
\ Mrs. Pounder, Miss M. Mcintosh as
Hllicent, and Miss Fanny Brough as " Br."
trendergast.
Blue Devils. A comic drama in one
;t, adapted by GEORGE Colman, jun., from
atrat's ' L' Anglais, ou le Fou Raissonable,'
pd first performed at Covent Garden on
Ipril 24, 1798, with Fawcett as Megrim,
unden as Demisou, Knight as James, and
:rs. Gibbs as Annette (daughter of Demi-
u) ; first played at New York in 1806, with
-.vaits as Megrim; revived at the Gaiety
leatre, London, in June, 1876. Megrim is
bject to ''blue devils," and contemplates
icide, " by way of novelty," to " enliven "
m.
Blue Domino (The). A farce played
j New York in 1843.
plue Glass. A comedy in three acts,
bm the German of Von Moser, first per-
h:med at Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York,
i March 12, 1877, with Miss Fanny Daven-
\xt as Estie, Miss E. Rigl as Sophie, Mrs.
i H. Gilbert as 3[rs. Fletcher Bull, C.
bghlan as Tom Haven, J. Drew as Reginald
%ven, J.Broughara as General MacThunder,
Lewis as Julius Pappenheim, etc.
Blue Jackets (The); or, Her
.ajesty's Service. A farce in one
t, by Edward Stirling (q.v.), first per-
rmed at the Adelphi Iheatre, London, on
October 15, 1838, with " O." Smith as Ben
Binnacle, Mrs. Keeley as Betsy Bodkin, F.
Matthews as Admiral Trunnion, and Mrs.
Honey as Fanny Trunnion.
Blue Jeans. A play in four acts, by
Joseph Arthur, first performed in Eng-
land at the Opera House, Northampton
February 14, 1898 ; Shakespeare Theatre,
London, February 28, 1898.
Blue Liaws. A farce produced at New
York in 1833.
Blue or Green ? A comedietta by
Mrs. Hugh Bell ; Comedy Theatre, Lon-
don, March 12, 1896.
Blue Ribbons. A farcical comedy in
three acts, by Walter Browne {q.v.) and
J. E. SODEN, first performed at the Gaiety
Theatre, London, on May 11, 1887.
Bluebell, Bessie. A country girl in
C. H. Hazlewood's ' Jenny Foster.'
Bluebelle, Miss. A character in
' Wives by Advertisement ' {q.v.). (2)
Muskito Bluebelle figures in J. B. Buck-
STONE'S ' Bear-hunters ' {q.v.).
Blue-eyed Blue Beard. See Blue
Beard (20).
Blue-eyed Susan. A comic opera in
three acts, founded on Douglas Jerrold's
'Black-eyed Susan' {q.v.), libretto by
George R. Sims and Henry Pettitt,
music by F. Osmond Carr, first performed
at the Prince of Wales's Theatre, London,
on February 6, 1892, with Miss Nellie
Stewart as Susan, Miss Marian Burton as
William, Miss Grace Pedley as Dolly May-
flower, Arthur Williams as Doggrass, Arthur
Roberts as Captain Crosstree. Wallace-
Brownlow afterwards appeared as Williaiyt,
and Miss Phyllis Broughton as Dolly.
Blue-leg-g-ed Lady (The). A "piece
of absurdity," by \V. J. Hill, first performed
at the Court Theatre, London, March 4,
1874, by A. Bishop, Clifford Cooper, C.
Steyne, and Miss Kate Phillips.
Blueruino. "An illicit spirit" in^
Planch^'s ' Golden Branch ' {q.v.).
Blueskin. A character in the various
adaptations and burlesques of ' Jack Shep-
pard' Cq.v.).
Bluff. (1) Captain ^^oll Bluff is a
cowardly braggart in Congreve's ' Old
Bachelor' {q.v.). (2) Bluff is the name of
the mate in I. Pocock's ' Robinson Crusoe '
{q.v.). (3) Captain Bluff is a character in
E. Stirling's 'Jane Lomax' {q.v.).
Bluff King" Hal. Under this tradi-
tional appellation, Henry VIII. has given
the title to a certain number of comic-
pieces :— (1) A pantomime produced at the
Princess's Theatre, London, at Christmas,
1848. (2) A pantomime by F. Marchant,,
Victoria Theatre, London, December, 1868.
(3) A pantomime by Nelson Lee, Pavilion
Theatre, London, 1868. (4) A pantomime
at Greenwich, December, 1872. .(5) An
N
BLUNDERER
178
BOARDING SCHOOL
opera-bouffe in two acts, words by C. O'Neil,
music by G.Richardson; Cheltenham, April,
1877. (6) A pantomime by Frank Hall,
Victoria Theatre, London, December 24,
1879, (7) A pantomime by H. Spry, Sanger's
Amphitheatre, London, December, 1S82. (8)
A burlesque. Alexandra Theatre, Sheffield,
March 12, 1883. (9) A musical piece, written
by Charles E. Ford, composed byi L. H.
Fisher ; Opera House, Baltimore, U.S.A.,
April 6, 1896.
Blunderer (The). A comedy, trans-
lated from Moliere, and printed in Foote's
' Comic Theatre,' vol. iv.
Blundering: Heir (The). See Lyste,
H. P.
Blunt. (1) Colonel Blunt, in Howard's
' Committee ' (q.v.), is a Royalist soldier, who
reappears in Knight's 'Honest Thieves'
(q.v.) as Captain Manly. (2) Major-General
Blunt is a cavalry officer in Shadwell's
* Volunteers' {q.v.). (S) Major Blunt is a
character in C. J. Mathews's 'Adventures
•of a Love Letter' {.q.v.). (4) John Blunt
,is the English war-correspondent m H. J.
Byron's ' Michael Strogoff ' {q.v.).
Blurt, Master Constahle ; or, The
Spaniard's Nig-ht "Walk. A comedy
by Thomas Middleton {q.v.), acted by the
children of Paul's, and printed in 1G02.
Blush, Mr. A character in H. Wigan's
'Taming the Truant' {q.v.). (2) Prince
Blush is a character in J. Kingdom's
* Three Princes' {q.v.).
Blush Rose. An opera-bouffe, music by
Offenbach, libretto by G. D'Arcy, Theatre
Royal, Plymouth, May 22, 1876.
Blushenly. The hero of Cumberland's
'Natural Son' {q.v.).
" Blushing: rose, and purple
flower (The)." First line of a song in
Massinger's ' Picture' {q.v.).
Blushing-ton, Edward. The "bashful
man" in Moncrieff's comic drama of that
name {q.v.). (2) There is a Peter Blushing-
ton in BouciCAULT's ' Lover by Proxy ' {q.v.).
Blusterbus. A yeoman of the guard
in PL-VNCHe's ' Amoroso' {q.v.).
Bly, Nelly. A ballet-girl in Grundy
and Solomon's 'Vicar of Bray' {q.v.), be-
loved by Thomas Merton.
Blyth, Mrs. The widow in Burnand's
'Colonel' {q-v.).
Boahdelin, King-, in Dryden's ' Con-
quest of Granada' {q.v.).
Boabdil. An opera, music by Moritz
Moszkowski, performed, with English li-
bretto by Mrs. Tretbar, at the Manhattan
Opera House, New York, January 24, 1S93.
Boahdil el Chico ; or, The Moor
the Merrier. A burlesque by F. C.
BURNAND {q.v.), performed at Astley's The-
atre, London, under E. T. Smith's manage-
ment.
Boaden, Caroline. Dramatist ; autl
of ' Fatality,' * Quite Correct,' ' Willia
Thompson ; ' and adapter of ' Don Ped
the Cruel.'
Boaden, James. Dramatic and
cellaneous writer, born 1762, died 1
author of the following plays:— 'Osm;
and Daraxa' (1793), ' Fontainville Forei
(1794), 'The Secret Tribunal' (1795),
Italian Monk (1797), ' The Cambro-Britoi
(1798), ' Aurelio and Miranda ' (1799), ' Tt'
Voice of Nature ' (1803), and ' The Maid
Bristol ' (1803). Boaden was also the autl
of ' A Letter containing a Critical Exam
tion of the Papers of Shakespeare publishi
by Mr. Samuel Ireland ' (1796), ' An Inquii
into the Authenticity of the Various Picti
and Prints of Shakespeare' (1824), 'A L
of J. P. Kemble ' (1825), ' Memoirs of M
Siddons' (1827), 'A Life of Mrs. Jorda
(1831), 'Memoirs of Mrs. Inchbald' (18S
and ' On the Sonnets of Shakespea
identifying the person to whom they i
addressed, and elucidating several por
in the Poet's History' (1S37). See 'Ij
graphia Dramatica' (1812). j
Boadicea, Q,ueen of Britain. (
tragedy by Charles Hopkins, wi-ittenj,
rhyme, and acted at Lincoln's Inn Fields
1697, with Mrs. Barry as the heroil
Betterton as Cassibelan (British genei:,
Kynaston as Paulinus (Roman genei ,
Sandford as Caska, Hodgson as Dec ,
INIrs. Bracegirdle as Camilla, and J .
Bowman as Venutia. (2) 'Boadicea i
tragedy by Richard Glover {q.v.), t
performed at Drury Lane on Decemb( ,
1753, with Mrs. Pritchard as the here ,
Garrick as Dumnorix (chief of the Trine i-
tians), Mossop as ^nobarbus, Havar( s
Flaminius, and Mrs. Cibber as Vena,
(wife to Dumnorix). The story is foui d
on the 14th book of the 'Annals' of Tac 5.
See Bonduca. (3) ' Boadicea Uneartb :'
burlesque in one act, by Wilton J. Rix d
Fred. J. Gillett, Town Hall, Kill %
January 29, 1S95. ,
Board and Residence. A fan^
one act, by Conway Edwardes {q.v.):iii
performed at the Globe Theatre, Loi;n,
on October 8, 1870. Among the chara,T8
are Augustus Fitzfuddle, Timotheus ?lfcf
Miss Matilda and Maria Mildew, and jJ«rt
(a maid).
Boarding- House (The); or, >e
Hours at Brig-hton. A musical ;"oe
in two acts, written by Samuel Bea 'Y,
jun. {q.v.), Avith music by Horn, anc rst
performed at the Lyceum Theatre on A -ist
26, 1811, with J. Smith as Cajjtai/i B< ft,
MissH. Kelly as Caroline IIeartley,V>'e zer
as old Contract, Oxberry as young Coi sc'i
INIrs. Orger as Caroline Wheatsheaf, ve-
grove as Fidget, and Knight as Spatte -sh.
Boarding- School, Our. See'uR
Boarding School.
Boarding- School (The). (1) i« rce
in one act, by W. Bayle Bernard v.),
BOARDING-SCHOOL MISS
179
BODKIN
irst performed at the Haymarket on Sep-
ember 1, 1841, with a cast inchiding
.Vebster, J. Webster, F. Vining, D. Rees,
tlrs. Stirling, Miss P. Horton, and Mrs. F.
.latthews (q.v.^. Among the characters
,re Farmer Holly and Miss Mary Mite.
2) A comedy by E. Browne, played
hroughout the U.S.A. in 1879-80, with
,Iiss Minnie Palmer in the chief part.
;ee Love for Money.
Boardingr-School Miss (The). A
omedy ascribed to Dr. Paul Joddrell,
rinted in 1787, but not acted.
. Boardingr-School Romps; or. The
; *ham Captain. See Love for Money ;
•R, The Boarding School.
Boast of Billing-sg-ate (The). A
lay by Richard Hathwaye {q.v.) and
|OHN Day iq.v.), acted in 1602.
w Boathuilder's Hovel (The). See
f'egro of Wapping.
Boaz. A Jew in Douglas Jerrold's
Prisoner of War' iq.v.).
- Bob. A play by Fred Marsden, per-
^^ irmed in U.S.A. during 1887, with Miss
. :i itti Rosa in the title part ; produced at
. J 16 Novelty Theatre, London, on December
. ; ), 1888, with Miss Rosa in her original role,
iipported by F. Mervin, W. Farren, jun.,
'. Friend, Wallace Erskine, and Miss Amy
cNeiU; revived at the Strand Theatre,
)ndon, in February, 1889.
Bob Short. See Lemon, Mark.
iBobadil. See Searelle, Luscombe.
'-i. Bobadil, Captain, in Jonson's 'Every
^•' a,n in his Humour' i'^.v.), is a bully and a
'', ward— a man of "big words and little
■; art." He is described in the cast as "a
. ' .Ill's man "— " a frequenter of the middle
•^ ile of St. Paul's Cathedral, the common
' : jort of cast captains, sharpers, gulls, and
-- ssipers of every description." He is,
7S Hazlitt, "the real hero of the piece.
(1 .3 extravagant affectation, his blustering
al cowardice, are an entertaining medley ;
: :1 his final defeat and exposure, though
< .eedingly humorous, are the most affect-
i; part of the story." B. W. Procter pro-
imces him "worthy to march in the same
lament with Bessus (q.v.), and Pistol (q.v.),
£l Parolles (q.v.), and the Copper Captain"
, ; Cj.). The part was played in public by
^•<. <Larles Dickens (1845), whose performance
5 Ns highly praised by Leigh Hunt. "Mr.
J) Kkms's Bobadil," wrote that critic, "had
' . : aipirit in it of intellectual apprehension
Irond anything the existing stage has
S'wn."
lobalink, Tom and Polly. A truck-
r 1 and his wife in J. Brougham's ' Irish
1 igrant' (q.v.).
•obbin. The name of characters in (1)
J I. Buckstone's ' Popping the Question '
('.), and (2) Brough and Halliday's
' illing Day at the Great Exhibition'
(q-v.). (3) There is a Benjamin Bobbin in
Willi.ois and Burnand's 'B.B.' (q.v.).
(4) Mrs. Bobbin, in MiLES'S 'Artifice' (q.v.),
interlards her conversation with phrases
redolent of the barracks. (5) Mrs. Dobbin
is a waiting-woman in Lady Dufferin's
'Finesse' (g. v.). (6) Mrs. Bobbin is also a
character in G. A. 1 Beckett's 'Trades-
man's Ball ' (q.v.). (7) I'im and Mrs. Bobbin
are among the personce of R. J. Raymond's
* P.S.— Come to Dinner' (q.v.).
Bobbins, Mr. and Mrs. There are
married couples so named in (1) T. Mor-
ton's 'Gotobed Tom' (q.v.), and (2) A.
C. Troughton's 'Vandyke Brown' (q.v.).
(3) A 3[r. Bobbins also appears in Maddison
Morton's ' A Day's Fishing' (q v.).
Bobbo. An operetta in one act, libretto
by J, T. Tanner and Adrian Ross, music
by F. Osmond Carr, Prince's Theatre,
Manchester, September 12, 1895.
Bobby A 1; or, A Warm Eecep-
tion. A farce in one act, by G. S. Hodgson,
Surrey Theatre, London, October 7, 1872.
Bobinet the Bandit; or, The
Forest of Montescarpini. A musical
farce, first performed at Covent Garden on
December 4, 1815, with Liston as the hero.
Bobinet is a rustic, whom some banditti
mistake for the captain they expect.
Bobinette. A lady's maid in Farnie's
• Champagne ' (q.v.).
Bobstay. A boatswain in J. M.
Morton's 'The Spitfire' (q.v.). (2) Ben
Bobstay figures in ' Fifteen Years of a British
Seaman's Life' (q.v.). (3) Bill Bobstay is
a character in W. S. Gilbert's 'H.M.S.
Pinafore' (q.v.).
Bobtail, Mr., in J. M. Morton's 'My
Precious Betsy ' (q.v.).
Bobus, Humphrey, in R. B. Peake's
'H.B.' (q.v).
Boccaccio. An op^ra comique in three
acts, music by Franz von Suppt;, first per-
formed in England, with libretto by R.
Reece and H. B. Farnie, at the Comedy
Theatre, London, on April 22, 1882, with Miss
Violet Cameron in the title part, J. G.
Taylor asPietro, L. Kelleher as Lotteringhi,
W. S. Rising as Leonetto, Lionel Brough as
Lambertuccio, Miss Alice Burville as Piam-
metta. Miss Carlingford as Peronella, and
Miss Kate Munroe as Isabella; played at
Wallack's Theatre, New York, in ISSS, with
Miss Laura Moore as Fiammetta.
Boccag-h (The). A drama in three
acts, by W. Gomersall, Theatre Royal,
Worcester, August 4, 1884.
Bodda-Pyne, Louisa. See Pyne,
Louisa.
" Boding- raven (The)."—' The Two
Noble Kinsmen ' (song).
Bodkin. (1) Sir Basil Bodkin figures in
Palgrave Simpson's ' School for Coquettes'
BOGEY
180
BOHEMIANS
il-v.). (2) Betsy Bodkin is a character in
E. Stirling's 'Blue Jackets' {q.v.). (3)
Peter Bodkin is a master tailor in Selby's
' Taken in and Done for' {q.v.).
Bogrey: "being some Account of the
Curious Behaviour of Disembodied Bates."
A play in three acts, by H. V. Esmond {q.v),
first performed at the St. James's Theatre,
London, on September 10, 1S95, with the
author in the title part {Archie Buttanshaw),
and other roles by F. A. Everill, Miss Eva
Moore, iliss Pattie Bell, etc.
Bohea Man's Girl (The). See Bohe-
mian Girl, The.
Boheme, Anthony. Actor ; played
many parts at Lincoln's Inn Fields between
1718 and 1730. He M'as the original repre-
sentative there of Cobham in 'Sir Walter
Raleigh,' Jasper in ' Half -pay Officers,' and
Herod in ' Mariamne ; ' his other parts in-
cluding the Ghost in ' Hamlet,' King Lear,
Shallow, Julius Ccesar, Titus Andronicus,
Henry VI. in 'Richard III.,' Shylock, the
King in ' Henry IV. , Part 1,' Cassius, Banquo,
Hotspur, Wolsey, Tatnerlane, Oroonoko, Ar-
baces in ' King and No King,' Hannibal in
'Sophonisba,' the King in 'The Maid's
Tragedy,' Cato, etc. (Genest). He married
Mrs. Seymour (q.v.), the Mariamne to his
Herod.
Boheme (La). See Bohemians, The.
Bohemia. A play by Frank Hitch-
cock (' Murdoch '), first performed at the
Arch Street Theatre, Philadelphia. (2)
' Bohemia and Belgravia : ' a comedy in three
acts, by Arthur O'Neill {q.v.), produced at
the Royalty Theatre, London, on June 8,
1872. (3) ' Bohemia : ' a comedy in a pro-
logue and four acts, adapted by Clyde
Fitch from ' La Vie de Boheme ' of Henri
Murger and Theodore Barriere, and first
?erformed at the Empire Theatre, New
ork, in March, 1896. See Bohemlans, The.
Bohemian (A). A play in four acts,
by Louis N. Parker, first performed at
the Globe Theatre, London, on February 18,
1892, with Murray Carson as Captain Bel-
lairs, Lewis Waller as Norman Brooke, and
other parts by F. Everill, A. Aynesworth,
Miss Florence West, Miss M. Millett, and
Mrs. Canninge.
Bohemian Girl (The). An opera in
three acts, libretto (adapted from St.
George's ballet of 'The Gipsy,' itself based
on a novel by Cervantes) by Alfred Bunn,
music by M. W. Balfe {q.v.), first per-
formed at Drury Lane Theatre on Novem-
ber 27, 1843, with W. Harrison as Thaddeus,
Miss Rainforth as Arline, Miss Betts as
the Gipsy Queen, Hudson as Florestein, and
Stretton and Borani in other characters.
Among subsequent representations may be
noted those at Drury Lane on June 16, 1856,
with Elliot Galer as Thaddeus and Miss
Escott as Arline ; at Drury Lane on Novem-
ber 28, 1862, with Miss Hills as Arline ; at
the Alexandra Palace on July 29, 1876, with
G. Perren as Thaddeus and Miss R. Hersee
as Arline; at Drury Lane in May, 188$
by the Carl Rosa Company (by which ii
has been performed, over and over again
throughout the provinces). With an Italiai
libretto, the opera was performed at Ht
Majesty's Theatre, London, in February
1858, as ' La Zingara.' It was played witl
an English "book" at Niblo's Garder
New York, in February, 1861, with Mdme
Anna Bishop as Arline.— 'ThQ Bohemia
Girl* was burlesqued by the Brother
Brough in 1851 in 'Arline' {q.v.), by Be]
LiNGHAM and Best in 1864 in 'Arline, tb
Lost Child,' and by W. S. Gilbert in 18( •
in 'The Merry Zingara' {q.v.). Anothi
travesty, by H. J. Byron, called ' The B
hemian Gyurl, and the Unapproachab
Pole,' was first performed at the Opt;
Comique Theatre, London, on January 3
1877, with Miss Nelly Farren as Thaddei
Miss Kate Vaughan as Arline, Miss M. We
as the Gipsy Queen, E. W\ Royce as Cou
Arnim, E. Terry as Devilshoof, and
Charles as Florestein; the music was
Meyer Lutz, This piece was transferred
July, 1877, to the Gaiety Theatre, wi'
Miss Amalia in lieu of F. Charles. Th(
has been an American burlesque of t
opera, entitled ' The Bohea Man's Girl.'
Bohemian Gjoirl (The). SeeBor
MIAN Girl, The.
Bohemian Mother (The). A p
by Maddocks, translated from the Fren
and performed at Boston, U.S.A., in 1^
See Infanticide.
Bohemians (The); or. The Bogn
of Paris. A drama in three acts, ;
Edward Stirling {q.v.), adapted fi.
Sue's 'Mysteres de Paris,' and first ;
formed at the Adelphi Theatre, London i
November 6, 1843, with Mrs. Yates as Lo ;
Hubert, " O." Smith as Jerojjie Hubert{C ?
Coeur), and Wright, Wieland, Mrs. Wooh ,
etc., in other parts. An Anglicizatioi i
Sue's story was produced at Sadler's 'V^ *
on November 13, 1843, under the titl f
' The Cross Roads of Life ; or. The Sea &
of London ' {q.v.). This was followed b !)
' The Bohemians ; or, The Thieves of Pi '.'
also founded on Sue, and first perf orme '.t
the City of London Theatre on Noven %
20, 1843 ; by (3) ' The Bohemians of P i ;
or. The Mysteries of Crime,' a drarc -H
three acts, adapted by C. Z. Barnett ( ).
and first performed at the Surrey Th re
on November 27, 1843, with a cast inch ig
N. T. Hicks, E. F. SaviUe, Vale, R. Ho t.
Mrs. R. Honner, etc. ; and by (4) ^^,
Bohemians ; or. The Thieves of I s.
another adaptation, produced at the Qi i* -M^k
Theatre, December 4, 1843.
Bohemians (The). (1) An ope in
three acts, music by Offenbach, won .by
H. B. Farnie {q.v.), first performed i ^^
Op^ra Comique, London, on Februa,2»,
1873, with :Miss Pattie Laverne as Guill tie-
(2) An opera in four acts, the li t^o
founded on Henri Murger's novel, '1 ''®
de Boheme,' the music by Puccini "er-
formed for the first time in England wo
BOHEMIANS OF PARIS
181 BOLD STROKE FOR A WIFE
theatre Royal, Manchester, on April 22,
897, with INIiss Alice Esty as Mimi, Miss
iiessie Macdonakl as Musette, and other
arts by W. Paull, R. Cunningham, A. S.
("inckworth, and Homer Lind ; performed
i Covent Garden in October, 1897, under
16 title of ' La Boh^me.' See Bohemia.
Bohemians of Paris (The). See
OHEMiANS, The.
Bohn, Henry Georgre. Bibliographer,
3rn 1796, died 1884 ; author of ' Biography
id Bibliography of Shakespeare ' (1863).
Boiling- "Water. A farcical comedv'in
iree acts, by Julian Cross (q.v.), tirst
irformed at the Comedy Theatre, London,
1 July 22, 1885.
JBoispreau, Hector de, in Offen-
kcH'S ' Madame Favart ' {q.v.).
iBoker, Georg-e Henry. Dramatic
riter ; author of tlie following poetical
ays :— ' Calaynos ' (1848), ' Anne Boleyn '
,850), ' The Betrotlial ' (1850), ' Leonor de
uzman ' (1853), ' Francesca da Rimini '
p6); also, of a play called 'The "Widow's
l^arriage,' which belongs to 1852, but has
5t been performed. R. H. Stoddard
Lippincott's ^Magazine ') says of Boker :
;3e was the creator of our Poetic Drama,
hich began with 'Calaynos' and ended
ith ' Konigsmark.' That his tragedies
ere capable of effective representation
'as known to those of us who saw Mr.
avenport and Miss Dean in 'Francesca
I Rimini' years ago, and is known to
ose of lis who have since seen Mr.
irrett and Miss Wainwright in the same
,ay. The conception of his tragedies and
jimedies, their development, their move-
fent, and their catastrophes, are dramatic,
betical, they are not overweighted with
betry; emotional and passionate, their
pguage is naturally figurative, and the
iank verse rises and falls as the occasion
mands. One feels in reading them that
e writer had studied the Elizabethan and
xobean dramatists, and that they harmed
well as helped him. If he could have
rgotten them and remembered only his
Ifn genius, his work would have been more
ttginal." See Boker's ' Plays and Poems '
Bokes. A Jew in Shirley Brooks's
Creole' (q.v.).
Bold Advertisement (A). A duo-
;;ue by Louis N. Parker, Steinway Hall,
■ndon, November 19, 1895.
{old Beauchamps (The). An old
iy, not now in existence, but referred to
'The Knight of the Burning Pestle'
pl3), 'The Goblins '(1646), 'The Playhouse
- Let' (1673), and the prologue to 'The
Lady' (1672). See Dodsley's 'Old
(1780) and Genest's ' English Stage '
5old Buccaneers (The). See Robin-
! Crusoe.
Jold Dick Turpin. See Dick Turpin.
»mb
, Bold Drag-oons (The). A comic opera
in two acts, by Morris Barnett {q.v.) first
performed at the Adelphi Theatre, London,
with Yates and Reeve as Sabertash and
Fuzee (the dragoons), Buckstone as Coco
Cockley, Mrs. Yates as Eosine, and Mrs
Fitzwilliam as Ninette.
Bold Recruit (The). An operetta,
words by B. C. Stephenson (q.v.), music by
Frederick Clay (q.v.), first performed at the
Theatre Royal, Canterburv, August 4, 1868 •
revived at St. George's Hall, London, on
July 19, 1870.
Bold Stroke for a Husband (A).
A comedy by Mrs. Cowley (q.v.), tirst per-
formed at Covent Garden on February 25,
1783, with Lewis as Do7i Julio, Quick as
Don Ca-sar, Wroughton as Don Carlos,
Whitfield as Don Garcia, Edwin as Don
Vincentio, AVilson as Gasjier, Mrs. Mattocks
as Olivia (daughter of Don Ccesar), Mrs.
Robinson as Victoria, Mrs. Wilson as
Minette (a maid), and Mrs. Whitfield as
Laura (a, courtesan). ''Don Ccesar is very
desirous that his daughter should marry.
She is secretly in love with Jtdio. For this
reason she disgusts Don Garcia by pretend-
ing to be a vixen, and Don Vincentio bv
pretending to be fond of a Jew's harp".
Julio falls in love with her. At the conclu-
sion they are united" (Genest). A sub-plot
has to do with the matrimonial troubles of
Don Carlos and Victoria. The role of Olivia
was sustained at Covent Garden in 1795 by
Miss Wallis, at Drury Lane in 1803 by Miss
Mellon, at Covent Garden in 1804 and at
the Haymarket in 1811 by Mrs. Glover, at
Drury Lane in 1815 by Mrs. Davison (Miss
Kelly playing Minette), and at Drury Lane
in 1821 by Miss Kelly (Mrs. Glover playing
Minette). The comedy was revived at the
Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York, in De-
cember, 1872, with G. Clarke as Julio, L.
James as Carlos, W. J. Le Moyne as Gasper,
Miss F. Davenport as Olivia, Miss C. Morris
as Victoria, Miss K. Claxton as Marcella.
Genest points out respects in which the
author was indebted to Otway's 'Atheist'
and D'Urfey's ' Virtuous Wife.
Bold Stroke for a Wife (A). A farce
in five acts, by Mrs. Centlivre (q.v.), first
performed at Lincoln's Inn Fields on Feb-
ruary 3, 1718, with C. Bullock as Colonel
Feigmvell, Pack as Obadiah Prim, SpUler as
Periwinkle, Bullock as Tradelove, Knap as
Sir Philip Modelove, Griffin as Simon Pure,
Mrs. Bullock a.&Anne Lovely, and Mrs. Kent
as Mrs. Prim. The ' Biographia Dramatica '
says that " a scene or two" were written by
John Mottley (q.v.). Prim, Periwinkle,
Tradelove, and Modelove are the guardians
of Anne Lovely, who loses her fortune if she
marriers without their permission. They
have very marked peculiarities, but Feign-
well contrives to conciliate them all. The
"bold stroke" is that which Feignwell
makes when, by passing himself off as Simon
Pure, he gets accepted as Anne's suitor.
The comedy was revived at Lincoln's Inn
Fields in 1718 and 1728, at Drury Lane ia
bol:^ro
182
BONAVENTURE
1739, at Covent Garden in 1746, at Dmry L^ie
^r, 1-48 at Covent Garden in 1(58 andl-o-,
S Drurv LaneTn 1763, at Covent Garden m
S?den £"§6"^ A few years Ijte^ a l.^ical
Jhe principal 'male part, ^^^If^^'^^^t
career. See PUEE, SiMON.
■Rolero, Don. Father of the heroine
ini?COC°'s ' Girofi^-Girotik' (?...)•
Boleslas.Thegipsy chief in'Falka'C^.t'.).
■Rnipvn Anne, figures in Banks s
« Y?r?uf l?tVa?;d^(5.'..)- See ANNE BOLEYN.
Bolingbroke (Henry), -D^ke ? ' ^T{
r^;^i in SH 4KESPE\RE's ' Richard II iq.^-)-
Henry IV., is drawn," says Hazlitt, witn
opinion, and cementing opinion by power.
Bolivar ; or I^ife^o^ I^ove. A
grvss^d^a tiS-~^^
Dublin, on November 3, 1879, with Charles
Smon'as Bolivar (" t^^.f P°f ^^.g^ ^^la
American Independence ') and Miss Bella
Mortimer as Inez, with whom f ^^^^ff^f^^JJ
love, but whom he surrenders to his iriena
and rival, Leon.
■Rolt (1) A gaoler in Jerrold's 'Am-
brose GWinelt ' (r^r.). (2) ''The^all-Porter
in S. LOVER'S comic drama of that name
(av) (3) The hosier's foreman in Oxen -
FORD'S ' Dav Well Spent' (q.v.). /4) A boat-
svvahi'smate in A.L.Campbell's 'Rent Day.
Bolt, Ben. See Ben Bolt and Jane
LOMAX.
■Rr,ltpr Mr. Easy. A character in
TA??OURD amnVlGAN'!' Tit for Tat' (q.v.).
Bolton, Ducliess of. See Fenton,
Lavinia.
Bolus, Benjamin. See Benjamin
Bolus. „
■Rolus, Doctor. " The village doctor
in J C CROSS'S burletta of that name (g.r.>
See DOCTOR BOLUS. (2) Tim Bousvs
ISfte,?' assistant in T. J. Williams's ' My
Turn Next.'
■RoTTi-bardinian, in Carey's ' Chronon-
ho?onSolo|os ' (Vt'.) is general to the king,
bSt being struck by that monarch, kiUs
him. As he observes—
" Bombardinian has received a blow, ^^
And ChrononhotGnthologos must die I
Bom^)astes Furioso. A burlesqiie
tragic opera in one act, by ^\ illiam Barnes
Rhodes {n-v.), first performed at the Haj
SikeVThiatre, London, on August 7. 181C
with Liston as General Bomhastes (in lov
^s'ith Distaffina), Matthews as Artaxomimn
(King of Utopia), Taylor as Fusbos (Mini5
ter of State), and Miss H. Kelly as Du
tafma. It was afterwards played wit
Mundenas Bombastes and Farren as Fusbo.
'^ Artaxommous is discovered drinkmj
Bombastes returns victorious. Artaxomum.
makes love to Distafiivx. He and iJom&asf.
fight. The king dies. Fusbos kills Bom
bastes. At the conclusion the kmg an
Bombastes jump «P alive ''(Genest) Bod
bastes,' played in New York in 1816 wa
revived at the Gaiety, London, on Marc
IS 1871 T. Anderton set the burlesque 1
music, and produced it at Birmingham und.
the title of ' Artaxominous the Great.
Bombay to Henley.^ A music
coSedy, words by Walter Parke, mus
by P and E. Bucalossi; Ladbroke Ha.
London, March 14, 1895.
Bombo, the Dwarf. A drama
three acts, 'by J- Holmes Grover, Queer.
Theatre, Dublin, May 10, 1S80.
Bombono. The henpecked husband
Maiina, in E. STIRLING'S 'Serpent of t.
Sile'iq.v.). ^ . ,
Bon Soir, Monsieur Pantalon. j
op7r?rta produced at Adelphi Theatre, Lc:
don in August, 1852, with a cast mcludi
Miss FitzwUliam. See Twice Killed.
Bon Ton: or, Higrb. Life Abo-
Stai?s. A come'dy in three acts, att
buted variously to.David Garnck (5.
George Colman, King, and Geneial B
coynf ; first performed at Drury Lane
lllvch IS 1775, v^-ith Mrs. Abington
m's Tittup, ^Uss Pope as Lady Mimk
Trotley, Brereton as Colonel Tiiy, i'arsc
il Davy, and Lamash as Jessamy. 1
prologue was by Colman.
Bon-Visaee, Bartilome. A c
rafter in G.A?MAR's ' Jane of the Hatch
Bona. Sister to the French queen-
'KingHenry VL,'pt. in.
-Rnnabben. Tutor to Prince Ahmec
H J BYRO?? ' Pilgrim of Love ' (q.v.).
■Rr,nn--fide Travellers. A farce ;
W?LLmi BROUofi (q.v.), first perfumec .
the Adelphi Theatre, London, on Octo'
30, itol ?vith R. Romer (^"f )- ^^^^ |:
ford iO'Gripper), Keeley, and Mrs. Ket
in the cast.
Bonamico. A character in Shirli >
' Bird in a Cage ' (q.v.).
Bonaparte. See Buonaparte.
Bonassus. ,(1) An old IJenchcapli
in R B. PEAKE'S ' Comfortable Lodgir ^
(g.if)'. (2) A jeweller in J. B. BUCKSTO.-^
• Victorine ' (q.v.).
Bonaventure, Basil. A soldiei f
fortune in G. Almar'S ' Gaspardo the t
dolier.'
BONBON
183
BONDUCA
Bonbon. A name given to the follow-
ing characters :—(l) BaroJi Bonbon in T.
lowNSEND'S ' Blow in the Dark ' {q.v.). (2)
King Bonbon in F. C. Burnand's 'Snow-
drops {q.v.). (3) Madame Bonbon in Sel-
BY'S 'Poor Nobleman ' (g.r.). (4) Madame
Bonbon in T. E. Wilks' 'Raffaelle the
Reprobate' {q.v.). (5) Prince Bonbon, a
character in Planchi^'s 'Yellow Dwarf
[q.v.). (6) Sir Pierre de Bonbon in BUR-
NAND'S ' Fair Rosamond ' {q.v.).
Boncoeur, Madame De. A character
in Selbt's ' Paris and Pleasure ' {q.v.). (S)
Pierre Boncceur is the "village doctor" in
B. Webster's drama so named {q.v.).
. Boncour, Sir Georg-e, and Mr.
Father and son in Fielding's 'Fathers'
{q-v.).
Bond, Jessie. Actress and vocalist ;
born in London, and studied at the R. A.M. ;
made her first professional appearance at the
Op^ra Comique, London, on May 28, 1878, as
the original Hebein ' H.]NLS. Pinafore '(g. v.),
figuring afterwards in the original cast of
'After Air {q-v.). In 1879 she went to
New York, where, on December 31, she
was (for America) the original Edith
in "The Pirates of Penzance' {q.v.). Re-
turning to England in 18S0, she was the
first representative in London of Isabel
in the last-named opera (April 3). She
was afterwards the original performer of
the following rdles in the Gilbert-Sullivan
series : — Lady Angela in ' Patience ' (1881),
lolanthe (1882), Melissa in ' Princess Ida '
XlS8i), Pitti-Sing in 'The Mikado' (1885),
Mad Margaret in ' Ruddigore ' (1887), Phoebe
in ' The Yeomen of the Guard ' (1888), and
Tessa in ' The Gondoliers ' (1889). She was
also in the first casts of ' To the Death '
{Maud Charteris) (1888), ' Locked In ' {Sophie)
(1889), ' The Nautch Girl ' {Chinna Loofah)
(1891), • Ma Mie Rosette ' {Martha) (1892),
'Poor Jonathan' {Molly) (1893), 'Miami'
{Nellie) (1893), 'Go-Bang' {Helen) (1894),
,'His Excellency ' (iVaHa)(lS94), and ' Corney
Courted' {Mrs. Corney). She played Con-
stance in the Savoy revival of ' The Sorcerer'
(g.v.)in 1884, and Susan Linnett in ' Wapping
Old Stairs ' (London, 1894).
Bond, "William. Dramatic and mis-
cellaneous writer, died 1735 ; claimed to have
"altered" a tragedy called 'The Tuscan
Treaty, or Tarquin's Overthrow,' announced
'as "by a gentleman lately deceased," and
■produced at Covent Garden in 1733. See
the ' Biographia Dramatica.'
Bond (Tlie). A dramatic poem in three
acts, by Mrs. Charles Gore, printed in
1824.
Bond of Life (The). A drama in three
acts, by H. F. Saville ; Assembly Rooms,
Reading, May 14, 1870.
Bondacani, II; or, The Caliph
R-obber. A comic opera written by H.
piBDiN {q.v.), performed at Covent Garden
in November, 1800. The title is derived from
the name assumed by the Caliph during
tu.^ rambles in disguise..
Bondagre. A play in four acts, adapted
from the French of Pierre d'Alray, and first
performed at the Op^ra Comique Theatre,
London, on March 31, 1883, with a cast in-
cluding C. Kelly, G. Alexander, W. Farren,
jun.. Miss Nelly Bromley, Miss Agnes
Thomas, and Miss HUda HUton.
Bondman (The). (1) "An ancient
story," by Philip Massinger {q.v.)., first
performed at the Cockpit, Drury Lane, on
December 3, 1623, and printed in the follow-
ing year. Downes records that it was revived
at the Cockpit in 1659, with Betterton in
the cast. Pepys records in March, 1660-1 :
" To White-fryars, and saw ' The Bondman'
acted ; an excellent play and well done.
But above all that ever I saw, Betterton do
the Bondman best." With some omissions,
and the sub-title of ' Love and Liberty,' it was
brought out at Drury Lane on June 8, 1719,
with Walker as Marullo{Pisander), WilHams
as Leosthenes, Mills as Timoleon, Shepherd
as Cleon, Miller as Asotus, INIrs. Thurmond
as Cleora, Mrs. Garnet as Timandra {Sta-
tilia), and Mrs. Hunt as Corisca. It was
again played at Covent Garden on October
13, 1779, with the comic scenes "reformed "
by Cumberland, and with Wroughton as
Pisander, Lewis as Leosthenes, Aickin as-
Timoleon, Wilson as Cleon, Quick as Asotus,
Mrs. Yates as Cleora, and Mrs. Pitt as
Corisca. The scene is laid in Syracuse. The
bondman is Pisander, who, for love of
Cleora, has sold himself to her father as a
slave, calling himself Marullo. His sister,
Statilia, accompanies him, calling herself
Timandra. Marullo incites the slaves to a
rebellion which is crushed. He then incurs
the jealousy of Leosthenes, who loves Cleora ;
but Cleora declares for Pisander, and Leos-
thenes is reconciled to Statilia, to whom he
had formerly engaged himself. Timoleon
is a general sent by the Corinthians to
defend the Syracusans from the Carthagi-
nians. Cleon, Asotus, and Corisca are comic
characters. (2) An opera, music by M. W.
Balfe(g.?;.), produced at Drury Lane Theatre
in 1846. (3) A drama in five acts, by Hall
Caine {q.v.), founded on his novel called
' The Bondman,' and first performed at the
Theatre Royal, Bolton, on November 19,
1892, with Clifton Alderson as Jason and
Miss Agnes Verity as Greeba.
Bonduca, A tragedy, generally as-
cribed to Francis Beaumont {q.v.) and
John Fletcher {q.v.), though Dyce is in-
clined to hold that it is the work of Fletcher
only. The original cast included Burbage
{q.v.), and the first performance must there-
fore have taken place before March, 1618-19,
in which month Burbage died. The plot of
the play, like that of Hopkins' and of
Glover's ' Boadicea' {q.v.), is founded on the
' Annals' of Tacitus, bk. xiv. c. 29, and deals
with some well-known historical characters.
Bonduca is identical with Boadicea, and
Caratach with Caractacus. "Shamefully
mangled," says Genest, the play was re-
vived at Drury Lane in 1696, with Powell as
Caratach, Mrs. Knight as Bonduca, Mrs.
Rogers as Claudia, Miss Cross as Bonvica,
BONDWOMAN
134
BONOS NOCHIOS
and other parts by Mills, Verbruggen, etc.
The same version was played at Drury Lane
in 1706, and again in 1731, with Bridgwater
as Caratach, Gibber, jun., as Venutius, Mrs.
Butler as Bonduca, Mrs. Gibber as Claudia,
and Miss Eaftor as Bonvica. The original
play, altered by Golman, was revived at the
Havmarket in 1778, with Digges as Cara-
tach, Miss Sherry as Bonduca, and Palmer,
Parsons, and Lamash in other parts ; at
Covent Garden in 1795, with Holman aa
Caratach, I\Irs. Pope as Bonduca, Miss
■\Vallis as Bonvica, and other r6les by Pope,
Quick, Farren, and Harley, and at the same
theatre in 1808, with Gooke as Caratach,
C. Kemble as Penimt, Munden as Judas,
and Mrs. H. Johnston as one of Bonduca's
daughters. In 1837 the play was once more
revived at Drury Lane, under the title of
' Garactacus,' arranged by J. R. Planch^,
who added a final scene at the request of
Bunn, in order that the latter might intro-
duce a representation of a Roman triumph.
Bondwoman (The). A play entered
on the books of the Stationers' Company,
September 23, 1653.
Bone Squash Diablo. The sketch
in which T. D. Rice (q.v.) first introduced
his song, 'Jump, Jim Grow,' to English
audiences (Surrey Theatre, 1830).
Bones, Caraway. An undertaker in
M. Melford's ' Turned Up ' (</.r.).
Bonheur Conjug-ale (Le). See LOVB
IN Harness and Modern Wives,
Bonhomme. A character in J. Howard
Payne's -Two Galley Slaves' (q.v.). (2) A
Jacqxies Bonhomme figures in Vollaire
and Plunketi's ' Medal of Bronze.'
Bonhomme Jadis.
WAV.
See Over the
Boniface. The Lichfield innkeeper in
Farquhar's 'Beaux' Stratagem' {q.v.).
Bonifacio and Bridg;etina ; or, The
Knig-ht of the Hermitag-e ; or. The
Windmill Turret ; or, The Spectre
of the North-East Gallery, with a
prelude. A " Tragic, Gomic, Pantomimic,
Melodramatic Gallimathias," adapted from
the French by T. Dibdin, with music by
Ware, and first produced at Govent Garden
on March 31, 1808. This was "intended
to ridicule the taste for melodramas, but
the design was badly executed " (Genest).
Bonito, Clara. Tlie "blind girl" in
Morton's opera of that name (q.v.).
Bonne Aventure (La). See Fortune
Teller, The.
Bonnie Annie Laurie. A play in
four acts, by G. Dalv, Lyceum Theatre,
Edinburgh, August 1, 1898.
Bonnie Boy Blue. A burlesque by ,
Victor Stevens, first performed at Ghat- |
ham iu April, 1S92, and produced at the
Parkhurst Theatre, Holloway, London, ir
the following month.
Bonnie Briar Bush, Beside the.
A play compiled from stories by "lar
Maclaren " (Rev. J. Watson), and pe'rformec
in U.S.A. in 1868.
Bonnie Dundee. (1) A drama b\
Edmund Falconer (q.v.), produced a"i
Drury Lane Theatre, February 23. 1863
with Edmund Phelps as Graham of Claver
house, and other parts by Mrs. Falconer
Mrs. Bowers, H. Lorraine, H. Haigh, etc
(2) A drama by M. E. BovD, first performec
at Torquay in February, 1S81 ; reproduced a-
the Olympic Theatre, London, in July, 1884
under the title of 'The Lost Cause.' (3
A romantic play by Laurence Irvlng (q.v.)
produced at the Adelphi Theatre, London
March 10, 1900, with R. Taber as Claver
house, and other parts by'^Iiss Lena Ash
well. Miss S. Sheldon, and W. Mackintosh
(James II.).
Bonnie Fishwife (The). A mnsica
interlude in one act, by Charles Selb
(q.v.), first performed at the Strand Theatn.
London, on September 20, 1858, with thi
author as Sir Iliccory Heartycheer , Parsell,
as Mr. Wildoates Heartycheer, J. Clarke a-
Gaiters, Miss M. Oliver as Miss Thistledow'
and Maggy Macfarline. '.
Bonnie Prince Charlie. (1) A dranc:
by J. B. Johnstone (q.v.), produced at tlj
East London Theatre in July, 1868. (2) '■
drama by William Lowe, Dumfries, Marc'
13, 1S76. (3) A "spectacle" by CHARLIi
HxLEY, Hengler's Cirque, December 2'
1878. (4) A drama in two acts, by ThoMj
Herbert Terriss, Bedford Park Clu'
London, June 8, 1889.
Bonnie Scotland. A play by Sidni:
R. Ellis, originally produced at the Peoplt
Theatre, Toledo, O., May 6, 1895 ; perform*
for the first time in New York at the For
teenth Street Theatre, December 16, 1895.
Bonnor, Charles, actor and dram
tic writer, after experience in the form
character at Bath (1777-1783), made his Lo
don debut &i Covent Garden in Septemb'
of the latter year as Brazen in ' The Recru •
ing Officer ' (q.v.). He was the author of 'T
Manager in Spite of Himself,' an interlu.
in which he himself appeared (Covent Gr
den, 1785), and of 'The Picture of Paris, ^
pantomime from the French (same theati
1790). In 1784 he made a futile effort '
establish an English theatre in Paris. Frc
1788 to 1797 he occupied a prominent p(
in the Post Office. See 'Biographia Di
matica' (1812), Genest's 'English Stag
(1832), ' Dictionary of National Biograph
(1886).
Bonny Boy. See My Bonny Boy.
Bonnycastle, Mr. and Mrs., f
characters in J. M. Morton's ' Two Bom,
castles' (q.v.).
Bonos Nochios. An interlude <
tered in the books of the Stationers' Co
pany, January 27, 1608.
BONTON
185
BOOTH
Bonton, Lord and Lady, in Lady
iVALLACE'S ' Ton ' (q.v.).
Bonus. (1) A stockbroker in Reynolds'
■ Laugh when you Can ' (q.v.). (2) A stock-
oroker in H. Wigan's ' Real and Ideal' (q.v.).
Bonval, Madame, in Oxenford's and
H. Wigan's ' Life Chase ' (q.v.).
Bonvica. Daughter of Bonduca, in
Beaumont and Fletcher's play of that
lame {q.v.).
Boobleton, Sir Robert. A foolish
?oung squire in H. J. Byron's 'Upper
Jrust' (q.v.).
Boodle. The name given to the follow-
ing characters :— (1) Baby Boodle in W.
3. Gilbert's ' On Guard' (q.v.). (2) Betsy
Boodle in J. Courtney's 'Two Polts' (q.v.).
'3) Brutus and Mrs. Boodle in T. W. Robert-
son's 'Cantab' (q.v.).
Book-Ag-ent (The). A farce in one
act, by Frank Dumont, first performed
in U.S A. in 1882 ; expanded by C. H. Hoyt
into a three-act farce called ' A Parlour
Match,' and first performed at Asbury
Park, New York, September 5, 1SS4, with
William Hoey as Old Ross.
Book the Third, Chapter the First.
A comedietta adapted from 'Livre Trois,
Chapitre Premier,' and first performed at
the Court Theatre, London, on June 12,
1875, by J. Clayton, C. Kelly, and Miss Amy
Fawsitt. See AUxNt's Advice ; Novel Ex-
pedient; and Subterfuge.
Bookish. A character in Fielding's
'Old Man taught Wisdom' (q.v.), who in
the course of the piece says to Lucy, "I
shall throw myself at no woman's feet, for
Hook on myself as the superior of the two."
"What!" replies Lucy, "do you think
yourself better than me ?" " Touching the
sex I do, most certainly," says Bookish.
And we are told that tlaese observations
gave so much offence to the ladies of the
time that the pai't was afterwards omitted
in representation. Fielding, however, re-
tained it in the early editions of his farce.
Bookly, Mr. (of the Athenaeum Club).
A character in Mark Lemon's 'Ladies' Club'
{q.v.).
Bookmaker (The). A comedy in three
acts, by J. W. Pigott, first performed at
Terry's Theatre, London, on March 19,
18S9, with Edward Terry in the title part
(Sir Joseph Trent), Miss Marie Linden as
Lady Jessie Harhorough, and other parts
by Alfred Bishop, H. Reeves Smith, M.
Brodie, G. Dalziel, Sant Matthews, Miss
Robertha Erskine, Miss E. Leyshon, and
Miss Watt-Tanner ; revived on August 9,
1890, at the Gaiety, with N. C. Goodwin as
Sir Joseph, and other parts by W. Farren,
C. Glenney, Miss Carlotta Leclercq, etc. ;
at the Globe, in March, 1S91, with H.
Paulton as Sir Joseph, and other parts by
the author. Miss Marv Ansell, Miss Lesley
Bell, Miss V. Raye, W. Farren, jun., etc.
The rUe of Sir Joseph has also been played
in England by A. Williams, G. Barrett, and
F. Thornton. In Amei'ica ' The Bookmaker '
was first seen in September, 1889.
Bookseller (The). A comedy trans-
lated from the Countess de Genlis'
' Theatre of Education,' and printed in 1781.
Book-wit, Old and Young-. Cha-
racters in Steele's 'Lying Lover' (q.v.).
Bookworm (The). A drama in one
act, by " Alec Nelson " (E. Aveling), per-
formed at the Athenaeum Hall, Tottenham
Court Road, London, April 18, 1888.
Bookwrig-ht. A character in Field-
ing's ' Author's Farce' (q.v.).
Boom., General. A characterin Offen-
bach's ' Grand Duchess' (q.v.).
Boomblehardt. A miser in W. S.
Gilbert's ' Creatures of Impulse' (q.v.).
Boosey, Mr. A retired spirit-dealer in
H. T. Cr.aven's ' Done Brown ' (q.v.).
Boot on the Rig-ht Leg- (The). A
farce performed at the Olympic Theatre,
London, on October 9, 1871.
Bootblack (The). A drama of London
life, by ARTHUR JEFFERSON, Theatre RoyaL
North Shields, on January 11, 1897.
Booth, Barton. Actor, born 1681 ;
was of good family, his father (John Booth,
a Lancashire squire) being related to the
Earls of AVarrington. Destined for the
Church, Barton was sent in 1690 to West-
minster School, where he took part with
applause in a representation of the ' Andria,'
receiving thereby an impetus to stage-life
which led him in 1698 to seek his fortune
as a professional player. Cioing to Dublin,
he made his debut there as Oroonoko, and
remained in the city through two seasons.
In 1700, through the good offices of Betterton
(q.v.), to whom he had obtained an intro-
duction, he made, as Maximus in ' Valen-
tinian,' his first London appearance at the
theatre in Lincoln's Inn Fields. Here he
stayed till 1704, figuring in the first casts
of ''The Ambitious Stepmother,' 'Love's
Victim,' 'Tamerlane,' "The Beau's Duel,'
'Love Betrayed,' 'Liberty Asserted,' and
so forth. In 1704 he married Frances,
daughter of Sir William Barkham. He was
at the Haymarket with Betterton from
1705 till 1708, during which period he was
the original of Dick in ' The Confederacy,'
Clerimont in ' The Double Gallant,' etc. ; ap-
pearing also as Laertes, Julius Ccesar, Cassio,
Buckingham (in 'Henry VIII.'), Hotspur,
and Antonio (in 'The Duchess of Malfi').
In 1708 began an association with Drury
Lane Theatre which lasted for twenty years.
Here he was the first representative of
Appius in ' Appius and Virginia,' Athelwold
in 'Elf rid,' Belvill in 'The Perplexed
Lovers,' Pyrrhus in ' The Distressed Mother,'
Cato in Addison's tragedy. Colonel Woodvil
in ' The Nonjuror,' Alonzo in ' The Revenge,'
Young Bevi'l in 'The Conscious Lovers,'
etc. At Drury Lane, also, he was seen suc-
cessively as the Ghost in ' Hamlet,' Achilles
BOOTH
186
BOOTH
in ' Troilus and Cressida,' Valentine in
'Love for Love,' Brutus in 'Julius Cresar,'
Jaffier in ' Venice Preserved,' Pinchivife in
'The Country Wife,' Lon Philip in 'She
Would and She Would Not,' Tiinon of
Athens, King Lear, Banquo, Melantius in
'The Maid's Tragedy,' Tamerlane, Antony
in ' All for Love,' the King in ' Henry IV.,
Part 2,' Henry VIII., Lothario, and Julio
in ' The Double Falsehood ' (his last part).
As Cato his success was so great that he
■was presented by admiring playgoers with
fifty guineas, and by the management with
a similar sum. He further obtained, through
Bolingbroke, a share (with Gibber, Wilks,
and Dogget) in the profits of the theatre.
In 1719 (his first wife having died in 1710)
he espoused Hester Santlow (g.r.), who had
first been "famed for dance," but latterly
had become an actress. In 172S he appeared
at the Lane as Julio, but after a few days
had to surrender the role through illness,
from which he was destined never to re-
cover. He fought with his ailments till
May, 1733, when, it is hinted, he finally
"died of his physicians." He was the
author of ' The Death of Dido,' a masque
(1716). "He was," says Davies, "a scholar,
and a man of poetical fancy, as his com-
positions in verse, which are "far from mean,
Avill testify. To sum up his character, he
was an actor of genius, and an amiable
man." "He had," writes Chetwood, "a
vast fund of understanding as well as good
nature, and a persuasive elocution even in
common discourse." He is said to have
been, in his younger years, " a pretty free
lover of the bottle," but, after his second
marriage, he discontinued the habit, though
he was always somewhat of a gourmand.
Aaron Hill says of him as an actor that
" he had a talent of discovering the pas-
sions where they lay hid in some celebrated
parts by the injudicious practice of other
actors ; when he had discovered, he soon
grew able to express them ; and his secret
for attaining this great lesson of the theatre
was an adaptation of his looks to his voice,
by which artful imitation of nature, the
variation in the sounds of his words gave
propriety to every change in his counte-
nance." See Victor's ' Memoirs of the Life
of Barton Booth' (1733), Aaron Hill's
'Prompter' (1734-30), C. Gibber's 'Apology
for his Life ' (1740), Ghetwood's ' General
History of the Stage' (1749), T. Gibber's
'Lives of the Actors and Actresses' (1753),
Davies' 'Dramatic Miscellanies' (1784),
Genest, and the ' Biographia Dramatica.'
Booth, Edwin Thomas. Actor ; son
of Junius Brutus Booth {q.v.), born Novem-
ber 13, 1833, at the Booth Farm, Harford
Gounty, Maryland ; educated privately and
at " a university " (see his sister ^Mrs, Glarke's
' The Elder and the Younger Booth ') ; early
accustomed to accompany his father "on
tour," nominally as attendant and dresser,
but in fact as "the chosen monitor and
guardian of that wild genius." His first
appearance on any stage was at the Boston
Museum on September 10, 1849, as Tressel
in ' Richard III.' In 1851 he played Richard
himself at the National Theatre, New York,
as substitute for his father. Soon after he
joined a stock company at Baltimore, and
still later (1852) went with his father to
Sacramento, where he was Jaffier to his
Pierre. At Nevada, under another manage-
ment, he played lago. Engaged by his
brother, J. B. Booth, jun. {q.v.), he figured
at San Francisco as Richard III., Othello.
Shylock, and Sir Edward Mortimer. In 1854
he went with D. T. Anderson to Australia,
and there appeared as Richard III. and
Shylock. Returning to San Francisco, he
was seen at the Metropolitan Theatre sa
Benedick, and at the American Theatre aj
the original Transatlantic representative o'
Raphael in ' The Marble Heart ' (q.v.). Aftei
a tour of the mining towns, he went bad
to Sacramento and San Francisco (where
he played Lear), and thence to the Fron1
Street "Theatre, Baltimore, where he enactec
Richard. At Richmond, later, he met Mis:
Mary Devliu, whom he afterwards married
At the Boston Theatre he played Sir Gile
Oveireach, goingthence to New York, where
on May 4, 1857, he appeared as Richard
"pleasing thoroughly by his Spartan-hk
action, his grave and sententious speech, n
less than by his grace and passion." Thence
forward he was a "star," visiting in tha
character a succession of great towns in th
States. At Chicago he met his second wift
then a mere child. He married ]Mis3 Devli
in 1860. In the same year he introduce
to American audiences ' The Fool's E(
venge' (q.v), with himself as Bertuccio, an
in 1860-1 played at the Academy of Musii
Philadelphia, Wolsey, Macbeth, Shylock, an
Petruchio to the Queen Katherine, Lad
Macbeth, Portia, and Katharine of Miss (
Gushman. Invited, in the summer of 186
to fulfil an engagement at the Haymarke
he duly crossed the Atlantic, and presente
himself in Buckstone's theatre as Shyloc.
Overreach, Richard III., and Richelieu
the last-named assumption being especial
successful. Performances at Manchest
and Liverpool followed ; and at the fornn
place he had among his local colleagu'
Henry Irving. His American rentr^e w;
made at the AVinter Garden Theatre, Ne '
York, on September 29, 1862. In 1863 h
wife died, and for a time he was abse:
from the stage. When he returned it w :
to play Ruy Bias in New York. In the las •
named year he and J. S. Clarke becar
joint-proprietors of the Walnut Street Th'
atre, Philadelphia; in 1S64 they joini.
William Stuart in leasing the AVinter G£
den Theatre, New York, which they open
in August, 1864. To November, 1864, belon
the notable representation, at the latt
house, of 'Julius Caesar,' with the thi
brothers— J. B. Booth, jun., Edwin Boot
and John WUkes Booth— as Cassius, Brut':
and Mark Antony respectively. In t
same month (November 26) and at the sai'
theatre Edwin Booth appeared as Haml
which he enacted for a hundred consec
tive nights—" the longest run that a
Shaksperianplay had ever known in Amer
BOOTH
187
BOOTH
at that time." On April 15, 1S65, Edwin
received news of the assassination of Abra-
ham Lincoln on the previous day by his
brother, John Wilkes. Overwhelmed by
the disgrace cast upon the family, he was
inclined to think his stage career ended,
but, yielding to the assurances of friends,
reappeared at the Winter Garden Theatre
in January 3, 1866, as Hamlet, and was re-
ceived with every demonstration of respect
and regard. In the same month he and
J. S. Clarke became lessees of the Boston
Theatre, and early in the following year
Clarke sold to Booth his interest in the
Winter Garden Theatre. The last-named
building was the scene in 1866-7 of some
brilliant revivals— of 'Richelieu,' in Feb-
ruary, 1866 ; of ' Othello,' in December,
1866, of 'The Merchant of Venice,' in
January, 1867 ; and of ' Brutus ; or. The Fall
of Tarquin,' in March, 1867. On the day
after the production of ' Brutus ' the theatre
was destroyed by fire, Booth's wardrobe
being wholly consumed. Later in the year
he figured at Chicago and Baltimore re-
spectively as Romeo to the Juliet, and
Overreach to the Alarparet, of Miss Mary
McVicker. It was Miss McVicker who
played Juliet to his Ruvieo when, on Feb-
ruary 3, 1869, he opened Booth's Theatre,
New York— an edifice in which he had
sought to realize all that M-as best in his
aspirations as a theatrical artist. "The
magnificent structure was completed at the
cost of over a million of dollars," many
valuable improvements being embodied in
it. The second production was * Othello '
(April, 1869), which was followed by ' Enoch
Arden' (g.u.) (June, 1869). In the last-
named month Booth and Miss McVicker
were married. Among Booth's revivals at
his theatre were those of 'Romeo and
Juliet,' 'The Winter's Tale,' 'Hamlet,'
'Julius Ccesar,' 'Macbeth,' 'The Merchant
of Venice,' 'Richard III.,' 'A New Way
to Pay Old Debts,' 'The Iron Chest,'
' Richelieu,' ' The Lady of Lyons,' ' The
Fool's Revenge,' and ' Don Caesar de Bazan.'
"Booth's management of Booth's Theatre
was remarkable," says his sister and biogra-
pher, " for the continuity of its success,
but the outlay was enormous. " " Finally, the
strain on mental and physical health be-
came too severe," and in 1873 Booth let his
theatre to his brother, J. B. Booth. Bank-
ruptcy, unhappily, followed, and the actor
had to surrender all his personal property
to his creditors. After a brief rest, however,
he boldly began life again, and in October,
1875, he entered on an engagement at Daly's
Fifth Avenue Theatre, during which he
appeared for the first time as Richard II.
in his own arrangement of Shakespeare's
play, and figurecl, further, in his own
arrangement of ' King Lear.' Various tours
followed, with the result that "his total
receipts from October, 1875, to May, 1877,
enabled him to obtain release from bank-
ruptcy." The monotony of "starring"
through the States was broken in 1880-82
by performances in London. These in-
cluded representations at the Princess's
Theatre in 18S0 of Hamlet, Richelieu, and
Bertuccio in ' The Fool's Revenge.' In 1881 ,
on the invitation of Henry Irving, he played
at the Lyceum Othello and lago to the
lago and Othello of the actor-manager. In
1881, also, his second wife died. In the
following year he represented Richelieu and
Don Ccesar de Bazan at the Adelphi. He
died on June 7, 1893. • See William Winter's
memoir of Booth (1893) and ' Shadows of the
Stage ' (1892) ; L. Hutton's ' Edwin Booth *
(1893) ; also, ' Recollections by, and Letters
to, Edwina Booth Grossman ' (1894).
Booth, Joh.n "Wilkes. Actor ; son of
Junius Brutus Booth ; born, Harford Co.,
Maryland, U.S.A., in 1839; went on the
stage in 1856, and left it in 1864, in which
year he appeared in New York as Mark
Antony to the Cassius of J. B. Booth, jun.,
and the Brutus of Edwin Booth. He
assassinated President Lincoln on April 14,
1865 ; took to flight, was captured on April
25, and was shot on the following day.
Booth., Junius Brutus. Actor, born
in the parish of St. Pancras, London, May 1,
1796 ; died on shipboard, November 30, 1852 ;
son of Richard Booth, scholar, lawyer, and
Republican, to which last character the son
owed the Christian names bestowed on him.
W^ell educated, J. B. Booth " learned print-
ing, but abandoned it for the law," working
for some time in his father's office. He
also had some thoughts of the navy, but
eventually, after "essaying one art after
another,"" he decided to adopt the stage as
a career. His dt^but was made at Deptford
on December 13, 1813, as Campillo in ' The
Honeymoon '—his salary being one pound
per week. Afterwards he accompanied his
manager on a Continental tour. In the
summer of 1815 he joined the stock company
at Worthing, and while there obtained an
engagement at Covent Garden, where he
had two pounds a week, and where he made
his first appearance as Silvius in ' As You
Like It.' Unable, however, to secure good
parts, he returned to Worthing, where he
Elayed Richard III. and Bertram, also
eing seen at Brighton as Sir Giles Over-
reach. At last, in 1817, he was granted,
through the influence of friends, a trial-
night at Covent Garden, figuring on Feb-
ruary 12 as Richard III. In this his success
was such that he felt justified in asking a
substantial salary, which the entrepreneur
refused to concede. On the other hand, the
management of Drury Lane (where Edmund
Kean was playing) made to Booth overtures
which he accepted, under the impression,
apparently, that he was to undertake lead-
ing rdles. He was, however, allotted Rich-
mond to Kean's R ichard III., and thereupon
promptly resigned, returning to Covent Gar-
den, where he represented Richard on Feb-
ruary 25. Both theatres now contended for
his services, and London playgoers were
divided into partisans of Kean and Booth.
Drury Lane filed a bill in Chancery, but was
defeated, and during March Booth remained
at Covent Garden, playing Richard III., Sir
BOOTH
183
BOOTH
Giles Overreach, and Leonatus Posthumus.
On one day in the following month (so his
daughter records) Booth played Sir Edward
Mortimer at Cirencester, Gloucester, and
Cheltenham, "for •which arduous achieve-
ment he received about £30." Later in the
month he was at Covent Garden again.
Then came more provincial touring, and,
in September, 181S, an appearance at Covent
Garden as Shylock, which (it is said) he
played in Hebrew. In 1819 and 1820 he per-
formed at the Coburg. figuring in the latter
vear as Brutus in ' The Fall of Tarquin '
Iq-v.). To 1820 belongs also his Lear, sub-
mitted in April to the habitues of Covent
Garden. This was alternated (at the Coburg)
with Fitzarden in 'The Lear of Private
Life' {q.v.). In August Booth was at Drury
Lane playing lago to Kean's Othello, Edgar
to his Lear, and Pierre to his Jaffier ; later
in the year, at the same theatre, he was
seen as Cassius in 'Julius Csesar' and
Opeehancanourjh in an American drama.
In January, 1821, Booth married Mary
Anna Holmes. On the 6th of the following
July (after a visit to the Continent and
Madeira) he made, at Richmond, Va., as
Richard IIP, his first public appearance in
America. Lear, Sir Edtvard Mortimer, and
Bertram followed on the next three nights.
His New York debut took place on October
5, 1821, at the Park Theatre, again as
Richard; later he appeared a.'i Hamlet and
Jerry Sneak (' The INIayor of Garratt ')• He
played at Boston in May, 1822, adding
Octavian to his repertory. In the same year
he purchased in Harford County, Maryland,
a farm w^hich " became his constant resort
when free from the excitement of his profes-
sion." During his absence it was managed
by his father. In 1825 Booth paid a visit
to England, and figured at Drury Lane in
♦ Brutus.' Next came, in 1826, a professional
tour in Holland and Belgium. His American
rentr^e took place at the Park Theatre, New
York, in March, 1827, and was signalized by
bis renderings of Reuben Glenroy and Selim
('The Bride of Abydos'), followed in June
by that of Pescara in ' The Apostate' (q.v.).
In 1828 he accepted the stage-management
of the Camp Street Theatre, New Orleans,
where, being an excellent linguist, he re-
presented Orestes in Racine's ' Andromaque '
with great dclat. To September, 1831, belong
his appearances at the Park, New York, as
Pierre and Othello to the Jaffier and lago of
Edwin Forrest. Renting, later, the Holiday
Street Theatre, Baltimore, he was seen
there in several new parts — RhodericTc
Phu, Richard II., Penruddock, Falkland
(' Rivals '), Hotspur, and Luke (' Riches ').
In January, 1832, he was the original, at the
Chestnut Street Theatre, Philadelphia, of
Sertorius in D. P. Brown's play so named
iq.v.). Shortly after this, the death of two
of his children greatly affected his mental
condition, w^hich was ever after subject to
occasional aberrations. A second visit to
England was paid in 1836, when he appeared
at Drurv Lane, the Surrey, and Sadler's
AVells. While on tour, he Avas apprised of
the decease (in London) of another child.
July 4, 1837, was the date of his reappear-
ance in New York at the Bowery. From
this time onwards he led the ordinary life
of a histrionic " star," making annual ap-
pearances in all the leading cities of the
States, and spending the vacations in the
bosom of his family. In 1850 he and his
son Edwin (q.v.) played together at Wash-
ington. His last engagement at New York
was in September, 1851. In July and Sep-
tember, 1852, he acted with Edwin at the
Adelphi, California. It was on November
19, 1852, at the St. Charles Theatre, New
Orleans, that he made his last appearance
on any stage. He then contracted a cold,
which grew worse, was neglected, and
ultimately brought about his death on board
ship while passing down the Mis.si.ssippi to ;
Cincinnati. "The public," says William
Winter, "loved him, and when he died the '
news brought tears to the eyes of thousands.
. . . The fact which seems to suggest, if ;
not to define [him] as an actor, is that he [
was heedless and imperfect as an artist, but
electrical and fascinating as a man. . . .
He did not care, when acting Richard, ■
whether he wore an old dressing-gown or a
royal robe, and he heeded little where other
persons entered or stood, so that they got ,
on and were somewhere. His acting had no ,
touch of the finish of Macready. But the
soul that lie poured into it was awful and
terrible : the face, the hands, the posture,
the movement, all was incarnate eloquence ; \
and when the lightning of the blue-gray eyes '
fiashed and the magnificent voice gave out ,
its deep thunder-roll, or pealed forth its ,
sonorous trumpet-notes, the hearts of -his ,
hearers were swept away as on the wings of '
a tempest. P2ach tone and each action was
then absolutely right. Even his marvellous
elocution, whi'ch brought out the subtle :
meaning of every sound in every syllable,
seemed inspired,— such and so great was
the vitality which a glorious imagination,
thoroughly aroused, could strike out of a
deep and passionate heart. He played many
parts, . . . but probably he was at his best
in Richard III., Sir Giles Overreach, Sir
Edivard Mortimer, lago, and Shylock. . . .,
Booth's peculiar grandeur was in the region .
of the supernatural and the terrible "
(' Shadows of the Stage,' 1S93). See ' The
Elder and the Younger Booth,' by Asia
Booth Clarke, daughter of J. B. Booth;
(1882), Oxberry's 'Dramatic Biogiaphy'
(1826). Genest's 'English Stage' (1832),,
Vandenhoff's ' Dramatic Reminiscences '
(1860), 'The Tragedian,' by T. R. Gould-
(1868), ' The Stage,' by J. E. Murdoch (1880),
Clapp's ' Record of the Boston Stage' (1853).
See Booth, Edwin ; Booth, John Wilkes ;
and Booth, Junius Brutus, Jun.
Booth, Junius Brutus, Jun. Actor;;
son of Junius Brutus Booth (q.v.) ; was m
1S43 a member of the company of the Park ^
Theatre, New York. Later he went into
management in California, and in 1852, at
Sacramento, played Othello to the lago ot'
his father. He married Miss De Bar, an ■
actress, whose first appearance in America
BOOTH
189
BORKMAN
was made at New Orleans in 1836, and was
followed in 1837 by her lUhut in New York
(at Niblo's Garden) as Nora in 'John of
Paris ' (Ireland's * New York Stage ').
Booth., Mrs. Ag-nes Cni'e Perry).
Actress, born in Australia, whence she went
to California, -appearing ►in New York for
the first time in 1865. Since then she has
played in New York leading parts in such
pieces as * Pink Dominos ' and ' A Celebrated
Case ' (at the Union Square), • Sardanapalus '
(at Booth's), ' Old Love-Letters ' and ' En-
gaged ' (at the Park), 'Esmeralda' and
' Young Mrs. Winthrop ' (at the Madison
Square), ' Sealed Instructions,' ' Jim the
Penman,' ' Captain Swift,' ' Aunt Jack,' etc.
She was the second wife of Junius Brutus
Booth, jun. {q.v.). " Her voice," says Brander
Matthews, "is one of unusual beauty. In
her acting, a certain severity of style sug-
gests Mdme. Favart of the Theatre Eran^ais,
but her remarkable gift of rhythmic utter-
ance recalls the poetic delivery and diction
of Mdlle. Sarah Bernhardt."
Bootli, Sarah. Actress ; born at Bir-
mingham in 1792 ; died 1867 ; seems to have
made her dthut in ISOA at Manchester as a
dancer. She was afterwards entrusted by the
manager, Macready, with small parts, which
led to more important ones. From Man-
chester she Avent to Doncaster, wliere her
Alexina in * The Exile ' {q.v.) attracted
attention, and led to her engagement by
Elliston for the Royal Circus. Here she
appeared mainly in melodrama. Next came
an engagement at Covent Garden, where
she opened on November 23, 1810, as
Amanthis in 'A Child of Nature' (q.v.).
She was at once successful, and was speedily
allotted some " original " parts, among them
Ellen in ' Education,' Claudine in ' The
Miller and his Men,' and Florio in ' The Dog
of Montargis.' She was also seen in such
roles as Dolly in ' Fontainbleau,' Annette in
' The Maid and the Magpie,' and Little PicJde
in ' The Spoiled Child.' Her highest flight
was made as Juliet. During her next
engagement at the same theatre she played
Cordelia to the Lear of Booth. At Drury
Lane she figured as Lady Rodolpha to
Edmund Kean's Sir Archy ; thence she went
to the Olympic (1821), returning once more
to Covent Garden, where she appeared as
Maria Durlington. Engagements at the
Adelphi, Drury Lane, and Haymarket fol-
lowed. Among her notable parts were
Letitia Hardy, Lady Teazle, and Priscilla
Tomboy in ' The Romp ' {q.v.). " I am sure,"
writes William Robson, "I have seen her
in Juliet, Rosalind, Cora, Viola, and above
all in Puck, in which she was as near the
merry, mischievous elf, as flesh and blood
can approach. Her person was j^stite and
pretty ; she had a pleasing voice, and, what
was always my delight, a most clear, distinct
enunciation. . . . She was the original
'Lady of the Lake,' and, after dear Mrs.
Jordan's retirement, was the only Master
PicWe worth seeing" ('The Old Playgoer,'
1846). See Oxberry's ' Dramatic Biography '
(1826), and Mrs. Crosland's 'Landmarks of
a Literary Life ' (1893).
Boothby, Lady. See Nesbitt, Mrs.
Boothby, Sir Brooke (born 1743, died
1824), was the author of a tragedy called
' Britannicus ' (q.v.).
Booties' Baby. A play adapted by
Hugh Moss (q.v.) from John Strange
Winter's story of that name ; first performed
at the Globe Theatre, London, on May 8,
1888 ; played in New York at the Madison
Square Theatre in August, 1889, with C.
Stevenson as Booties, C. W. Garthorne as
Captain Lucy, F. Kerr as Private Saunders,
and Miss Kate Claxton as Helen Grace. (2)
Another dramatic version of the story was
made by Charles Bradley, and performed
in U.S.A.
Boots at the Holly Tree Inn; or,
The Infant Elopement to Gretna
Green. A sketch, founded on the well-
known story by Dickens, and first per-
formed at the Adelphi Theatre, London,
on February 4, 1856, with Webster as Cobbs,
the boots. See Holly Tree Lnn, The, and
Love's Young Dream.
Boots at the Swan (The). A farce
in one act, by Charles Selby (q.v.), first
performed at the Strand Theatre, London,
on July 6, 1842, with Keeley in the title part
(Jacob Earwig) ; revived at the Olympic in
December, 1857, with Robson as Earwig,
and G. Vining and H. Wigan in other
parts.
Boots, Major "Wellingrton de, figures
in Stirling Coyne's ' Everybody's Friend '
(q.v.), and in ' The Widow Hunt ' (q.v.).
Boozer. A butler in H. J. Byron's
'Bow Bells' (q.v.).
Bopeep, Little. See Little Bopeep.
Bordeaux, Sir Huon de. See
Obehon and Perfect Love.
Border Marriage (A). A comic drama
in one act, adapted by Langford and
Sorel from ' Un Mariage h. I'Arquebuse,'
and first performed at the Adelphi Theatre,
London, on November 3, 1856, with a cast
including Leigh Murray as Sir Walter Rae-
burn (a cavalier), Wright as Dandie (a
servant), and Miss Wyndham as Mistress
Willoughby (a wealthy widow who is forced
into marriage with Sir Walter) ; revived at
the St. James's in February, 1860, with Miss
W^yndham in her original part, Charles
Young as Dandie, and H. T. Craven as Sir
Walter.
Boreas, in J. S. Coyne's 'All for Love*
(q.v.).
Borgria, Caesar. See Cesar Borgia.
Borg-ia, Lucrezia. See Lucrezia
Borgia.
Borkman, John Gabriel. See John
Gabriel Borkman.
BORN TO GOOD LUCK
190
BOSWELL
Born to Good Luck ; or, The Irish-
man's Fortune. A farce in two acts,
adapted from ' False and True,' by Tyrone
Power (q.v.}, and first performed at Co vent
Garden in March 17, 1832, with the author
as Paudeen O'Rafferty, and other parts by
F. Matthews, Diddear, Duruset, Addison,
and Mrs. Tayleure ; revived at the Princess's
Theatre, London, in 1864, Avith Dominick
Murray as O'Rafferty.
Born with a Caul. See Bleak
House,
Bornewell, Sir Thomas and Lady.
Characters in ' The Lady of Pleasure ' {q.v.).
Lamb says that "the dialogue between Sir
Thomas Bornewell and his lady Aretina is
in the very spirit of the recriminating
scenes between Lord and Lady Toumly
in ' The Provoked Husband.' It is difficult
to believe but it must have been Vanbrugh's
prototype."
Boroihme, Brian. See Brian Bo-
ROIHME.
Boroug-h Politics. A comic drama
in two acts, by Westland Marston iq.v.),
first performed at the Haymarket Theatre
on June 27, 1846, with B. Webster as
Nathan Thompson, Tilbury as Dr. Neville,
H. Howe as Frank Neville, Mrs. Glover as
Mrs. Thompson, INIrs. Stanley as Mrs. Neville,
Mrs. Edwin Yarnold as Fanny Thomijson,
Buckstone as Florid, Brindal as Siveetlip,
etc. Webster "played the character of a
good-hearted, well-to-do farmer, who is with
difficulty roused into a conflict with two of
his neighbours [Dr. and Mrs. Neville] by
their affronts to his wife." Frank and Fanny
are lovers, and for a time their parents'
quarrel separates them. See Marston's
' Our Recent Actors ' (1888).
Borrowed. A farcical play, adapted
by Ernest Warren (q.v.) from the ' Prete-
moi ta Femme' of Maurice Desvallieres, and
first performed at New Cross Hall in 1885.
Borrowed Feathers. A farce in one
act, by Dr. Millingen, first performed at
the Queen's Theatre, London, on February
27, 1856, with a cast including Mrs. Nisbett,
Miss Mordaunt, and Ayliffe (as Merry-
weather).
Borrowed Plumes. A farce by Alfred
Maltby (q.v.), performed at Drury Lane in
1868, with a cast including John Rouse {Dick
Mizzle), H. Barrett {Bibbinti), F. Charles
(Tattleton), Miss K. Harfleur, and Miss
Hudspeth.
Borrowell, Mr. A character in H.
WiGAN'S ' Friends or Foes?'
Borrowing- a Husband. A farce by
W. T. Moncrieff, first performed at the
Princess's Theatre, London, in 1843, with a
cast including Keeley, Lacy, Oxberry, and
Mrs. Keeley.
Borrowitz, Baron, in Planche's 'My
Heart's Idol.'
Borry, Etelka. See Reparation.
Boru, Brian. Prince of INIunster, ic
R. ]J. Brough's 'Doge of Duralto' (q.v.).
See Brian Boru.
Borus, in ' Diogenes and his Lantern
(q.v.), is "a member of the Peace Society,
who won't hold his peace at any price."
Boscohel ; or, The Royal Oak. Ar
historical drama in four acts, by H. S.
Springate, Prince of Wales's Theatre
Wolverhampton, March 8, 1880. See Royai
Oak.
Bosh, Baron. A character in H. J,
Byron's * ilazourka ' (q.v.).
Bosola. A treacherous courtier ir-
Webster's 'Duchess of Malfi' (q.v.). ]t
Theobald's adaptation of Webster's worli'
—'The Fatal Secret' (q.v.) — Bosola "turnj"
out an honest man instead of a villain."
Bosom Friends. See Friends on'
Foes.
Boss, Mr. Narcissus. A self-lovinj-
bachelor in J B. Buckstone's ' Single Life
(q.v.). •
Bossu, Le. An English version of thii!
drama was produced at the City of Londoi
Theatre in July, 1866. See also Blaw'
Dwarf, The ; Duke's Device, The i
Duke's Motto, The ; Motto on thi:
Duke's Crest, The.
Boston, U.S.A. The regular theatrical
life of Boston appears to have begun littlt,
more than a century ago. In 1750, or there;
abouts, stage performances Avere proliibite('
by law, and an effort made in 1792 to ge;
this enactment abolished was unsuccessful
The result, we read, was that plays wen!
represented in the local " exhibition room'j
under the disguise and title of "mora
lectures." However, in 1794 a theatre wa;-
built in Federal Street, and two years late:
another was erected in the Haymarket
The Boston Museum dates from 1846, bein;
opened in November of that year. In 185:
came the "inauguration" of the Nationa
Theatre. To 1854 belongs the Boston The_
atre, which was started in September bj'
Thomas Barry. In 1867 J. H. Selwyn openec'
a theatre named after himself. This h(
managed for two seasons, at the end o
which it was re-christened the Globe. I .
was thereafter directed successively by C'
Fechter and W. R. Floyd, being burnec^
down in May, 1873, rebuilt, and reopenec'
in December, 1874. For details of the the .
atrical history of Boston, see the 'Recon
of the Boston Stage,' written by W. W;
Clapp, jun., and published in 1853.
Boswell, James, son of the biographe-
of Dr. Johnson, edited ' The Plays ant
Poems of Wm. Shakespeare, with the cor
rections and illustrations of various com
mentators, comprehending a life of th(,
poet and an enlarged history of the stage
by the late Edmund Malone ' (1821), con
tributing to the work "various reading;
and notes of no great importance," addition!
I
BOTCHERLY
191
BOUCICAULT
to Malone's essay on the phraseology and
metre of Shakespeare, and the , glossarial
index.
Botcherly, Dr. A character in ToM
Taylor's ' Unequal Match' {q-v.), who ap-
pears "first as a rustic ^sculapius, touched
•with sentiment, then as a fine lady's body-
doctor, then as the betitled and bestarred
physician to a little German duke."
Boterham, Van. A Dutch tradesman
in M. P. Andrews' ' Baron Kinkvervan-
kotsdorsprakingatchdern ' (g.v.).
Both Marriag-es of tlie King",
TJpon. A play by John Bale, Bishop of
Ossory.
Both. Sides of the Question. A
duologue by Malcolm C. Salaman, per-
formed at Steinway Hall, London, on July
14, 1891, by Robert Harwood and Lucia
Harwood.
Botheration. A farce in two acts, by
"W. C. OULTON, first performed at Covent
Garden on May 8, 179S, with Knight (and
afterwards Fawcett) as Jack Hopeful, John-
stone as Thady O'Blarney, Powel as Dr.
Wisepate, Davenport as Varnish, Mrs.
Davenport as Lady Apes, etc.
Bottle. A butler in A. C. Troughton's
'Unlimited Confidence' (q.v.).
Bottle (The). A drama in two acts,
"founded upon the graphic illustrations
of George Cruikshank, Esq.," by T. P.
Taylor, and first performed at the City
of London Theatre on October 1, 1847, with
a cast including H. T. Craven, E. F. Savile,
K. Honner, Ersser Jones, Mrs. R. Honner,
and Mrs. Griffiths. See Coddles, Dogs-
NOSE, and Spike.
Bottle Imp (The). A melodramatic
romance in two acts, by R. B. Peake, first
performed (with overture and other music
by G. H. B. Rodwell) at the Lyceum Theatre,
London,onJuly7,1828,with"0."Smithinthe
title part, Keeley as Willibald, J. Vining as
^'icola, Miss Cawse as MarccUa, etc. " The
story," says M. Williams, " was based upon
the German legend, that the possessor of
a bottle imp could command riches, power,
and prosperity of every kind, at the mere
wish ; but that if he retained the spirit to
the end of his life, his soul was forfeited to
the evil one. Meanwhile, he had the privi-
lege of disposing of the bottle, provided he
sold it for less than he gave. The adven-
tures of this bottle made up a most exciting
and interesting play."
Bottle Imp. One of Satan's " nephews "
in E. Stirling's ' Devil's Daughters.'
, Bottleimpudent. The "bad djinn"
in H. J. Byron's ' Camaralzaman ' iq.v).
Bottles {alias "Shiny Samuel"), in
Watts Phillips's 'Ticket of Leave ' (j. v.).
Bottom. A weaver in 'A Midsummer
Wight's Dream' {q.v.), "represented as
conceited, serious, and fantastical." "He is
the most romantic of mechanics," says Haz-
litt ; "... he is ready to undertake any-
thing and everything, as if it was as much
a matter of course as the motion of his
loom and' shuttle." " Watch i3o«07?i.," says
Grant White, "and see that, from the time
he enters until he disappears, he not only
claims to be, but is, the man of men, the
Agamemnon of the 'rude mechanicals' of
Athens. . . , Bottom is no stupid lout. He
is a compound of profound ignorance and
omnivorous conceit, but these are tempered
by good nature, decision of character, and
some mother wit."— 'The Merry Conceited
Humours of Bottom the W^eaver' is the
title of an interlude taken from 'A Mid-
summer Night's Dream,' and printed with
other pieces ascribed to Robert Cox.
Boucicault, Aubrey. Playwright
and actor, son of Dion and Agnes Bouci-
cault {q.v.) ; author of a play called ' The
Favourite ' (1892) ; appeared in the original
productions of ' The Don ' (1888) and ' One
Summer Night' (1889); was Adolj^hxis and
Fred Fry respectively in performances of
'Betsy' and 'Truth' at the Criterion in
1888 and 1890 ; was Pink Jannaway in ' My
Friend the Prince' at the Garrick (1897).
See Court Scandal, A.
Boucicault, Dion G-. Playwright
and actor, born at New York, May, 1859 ;
son of Dion and Agnes Boucicault {q.v.) ;
author of 'My Little Girl,' an adaptation
(1882), and ' Devotion,' an adaptation (1884) ;
made his stage d6hut in 1880 at Booth's
Theatre, New York, as the Dauj)hin in
'Louis XL,' after which he played in the
"legitimate" with Laurence Barrett. In
1882 he joined the company of the Court
Theatre, London, figuring in the original
casts of 'My Little Girl' {q.v.), 'The
Manager' {q.v.), 'Comrades' {q.v.), and
'Devotion' {q.v.). Thence he went to the
St. James's Theatre, where he was em-
ployed in 'A Scrap of Paper' {q.v.). Re-
turning to America, he played at Wallack's
Theatre, New York, the leading character
in his father's play, ' The Omadhaun, '
afterwards undertaking other rdles in the
elder Boucicault's pieces. In 1885 he sailed
with his father for Australia. At the end
of the tour there he was persuaded to stay
behind, and in October, 1886, entered into a
managerial partnership with Robert Brough
{q.v.) which lasted till June, 1896. During
that period he was seen in a large variety
of characters. His reappearance in England
was made at the Court Theatre, London, on
October 13, 1897, as the Minstrel in 'The
Children of the King ' {q.v.). He was after-
wards in the first casts of Pinero's 'Tre-
lawney of the Wells ' {q.v.), Marshall's ' His
Excellency the Governor' {q.v.) and 'A
Royal Family' {q.v.). Carton's 'Lady Hunt-
worth's Experiment '(g.i;.), Pinero's 'Letty'
{q.v.), Carton's ' Rich Mrs. Rep ton ' {q.v.), etc.
Boucicault (or Bourcicault), Dion.
Playwright and actor, born at Dublin,
December 20, 1322 ; died September 18, 1890 ;
BOUCICAULT
192
BOUCICAULT
sf n of SamuelBoucicault, who was of French
descent ; was educated in Dublin and at
London University. He was the author of
the following (and other) plays :— ' London
Assurance ' (1841), The Irish Heiress ' (1842),
♦ Alma Mater ' (1842), ' Woman ' (1843), ' Old
Heads and Young Hearts ' (1844), ' A School
for Scheming' (1847), 'Confidence,' an
adaptation (1848), 'The Knight of Arva'
(1848), 'The Broken Vow,' an adaptation
(1851), ' The Corsican Brothers,' an adapta-
tion (1851), ' The Queen of Spade^,' an
adaptation (1851), ' Love in a Maze ' (1850-51),
'The Vampire.' an adaptation (afterwards
• The Phantom ') (1852), ' The Prima Donna '
(1852). ' Genevieve ; or. The Eeignof Terror,'
an adaptation (1853), ' The Fox Hunt ; or,
Don Quixote the Second ' (afterwards ' The
Fox Chase ') (1853), ' Andy Blake,' an adap-
tation (afterwards ' The Dublin Boy ') (1854),
'Louis XT.,' an adaptation (1854), 'Pierre
the Foundling,' an adaptation (1854), 'The
Life of an Actress' (afterwards 'Grimaldi')
(1855), ' Eugt^nie ' (1855), ' Janet Pride ' (? 1855)
' Blue Belle ' (1856), ' George Darville ' (1857),
'The Colleen Bawn' (1859), 'The Willow
Copse ' (1859), 'The Octdroon ' (1859), 'Dot,'
an adaptation (1862), ' Jessie Brown ; or.
The Ptelief of Lucknow ' (1862), ' The Trial
of Eftie Deans ' (1863), 'The Streets of Lon-
don,' an adaptation (1864), ' Arrah-na-Pogue;
or. The Wicklow Wedding ' (1864), ' A Lover
by Proxy ' (1865), ' Rip VanWinkle,' an adap-
tation (1865), 'The Parish Clerk' (1866),
' The Long Strike,' an adaptation (1866),
'The Flying Scud; or, A Four-Legged
Fortune' (1866), 'Hunted Down' (1866),
' How She Loves Him ' (1867), ' After Dark :
a Tale of London Life ' (1868), ' Presumptive
Evidence' (1869), 'Formosa' (1869), 'Paul
Lafarge' (1870), 'A Dark Night's Work'
(1870), 'The Rapparee' (1870), 'Jezebel;
or. The Dead Reckoning,' an adaptation
(1870), 'Elfie' (1871), ' Night and Morning,'
an adaptation (1871), ' Led Astray.' an
adaptation (1874), 'A Man of Honour'
(1874), ' The Shaughraun ' (1875), ' For-
bidden Fruit ' (1877), ' Norah's Vow ' (1878),
'Rescued' (1S79), 'The O'Dowd' (1880),
' A Bridal Tour ' (1880), ' Mimi ' (18!sl),
'The Amadan' (1883), 'Robert Emmett'
(1884), ' The Jilt ' (1886), ' The Spae Wife,'
an adaptation (1886), ' Cuish - ma - Chree '
(1887), 'Phryne' (1887), 'Fin MacCoul'
(1887), ' Jimmy Watt ' (1890), ' Ninety-Nine '
(1891). Boucicault was also the author,
with C. J. Mathews, of ' Used Up ' (1S44) ;
with Charles Reade, of ' Foul Play ' (186S) ;
with H. J. Byron, of 'Lost at Sea' (1869) ;
and with Planch^, of ' Babil and Bijou ' (1872).
Boucicault appeared in England in the
following parts:— 'The Vampire' in the
piece so named (1852), Myles na Coppaleen in
'The Colleen Bawn' (1860), Salem ScmUer
in ' The Octoroon ' (1861), Grimaldi in ' The
Life of an Actress ' (1862), Corporal Cassidy
in 'The Relief of Lucknow' (1862), Mr.
Tourhillon in * To Parents and Guardians '
(1S62), Counsel for the Prisoner in 'The
Trial of Effie Deans ' {l?,m),Shaun the Post in
'Arrah-na-Pogue ' (1865), JohnReillyin ' The
Long Strike' (1S66), Dennis Brulgruddery
in ' John Bull ' (1872), Conn in ' The Shaugh
raun' (1875), Dennis O'Dorcd in ' Thi
O'Dowd ' (1880), and Myles O'Hara in ' Th(
Jilt ' (1886). See his articles in the Nort
American Review on 'The Decline of th
Drama ' (vol. 125) and ' Dramatic Composi
tion ' (vol. 126). " Constructive skill is, per
haps, Mr. Boucicault's chief merit. . . . j
series of incidents follow each other wit!
rapidity ; and the delineation of characte
and passion is sacrificed to stage-mechanisir
. . . As an adept at stage devices. Mi
Boucicault has no equal. ... No man i
more happy in dialogue than Mr. Boucicaull
W^hen he is dull he is very dull ; but it i
only on rare occasions that he exercise,
the privilege of nodding. The Irish drama
especially are full of admirable examples o:
drolleries and delicacies of expression. W ,
constantly meet with tender passages whic' •
captivate by their wit and humour, or ar-
irresistible for their pathos. ... It mus'
be added that he owes much to others'
Sometimes it is a plot he takes ; sometimes ;
character. Incidents he selects from variou
sources, and without hesitation weaves thei.
into his own story. He is not above supplj ;
ing himself even with phrases from othe|
men's works. ... In saying this, I do no.
intend, to depreciate the undoubted merit'
of Mr. Boucicault. . . . Such pieces a.
' Louis the Eleventh,' ' Rip Van Winkle
and ' The Corsican Brothers,' in grea.
measure owe their popularity to the theatr
cal tact of the English adapter ; and all th '
success achieved by those plays which ma
be called original productions is due to th^
same cause. Mr. Boucicault, in things th(
atrical, adorns what he touches " (' Drams,
tists of the Present Day,' 1871). See, als( ,
Percy Fitzgerald's 'Principles of Comedy
(1870), William Archer's ' English Dramatist,
of To-Day' (1882), ' Actors and Actresses (
Great Britain and America' (1S86), an
Emily Soldene's ' Theatrical and Musicf
Recollections ' (1897).
Boucicault, Mrs. Dion [Agnes Rober
son]. Actress ; made her debut at Aberdeei
when ten years old, in 'The Spoilt Chile;
and after some provincial experience b(
came a member of the London Princess'
company, under Charles and Mrs. Kea
(1850-53). Her London entree was made i
' The Wife's Secret,' and she was seen als .
in Tom Taylor's 'Our Clerks' and 'Witt'
kind and his Brothers,' 'The Corsica,
Brothers,' and some Shakespearean revival
In December, 1852, she was in the cast <,
'The Good Woman in the Wood' (g.v.) i
the Lyceum, and on that occasion G. I
Lewes wrote of "her sweet looks and b
sweet voice" ('The Leader'). Her fir
notable part in London was that of Ma
garet in 'The Prima Donna' (1852), a pi:
by Dion Boucicault, whom she afterwarc
married, and with whom she acted for son
years in the United States. Between 18( '
and 1878 she played in London the follow
ing parts :—i'i7?/ O'Connor in 'The Collee,
Bawn ' (1860), Zoe in ' The Octoroon ' (186] .
the title part in 'The Dublin Boy' (186:
BOUCICAULT
193
BOURCHIER
iolet in ' The Life of an Actress ' (1S62),
'ssie in ' The Relief of Lncknow ' (1S62),
jb Nettles in ' Parents and Guardians '
S62), Jeanie Deans in ' The Heart of
idlothian ' (1S63), the heroine in ' Arrah-
i-Pogue ' (1865), Jane Learoyd in ' The Long
like ' (1S66), Moya in ' The Shaughraun '
s75), and the heroine of ' Love or Life '
S7S). After a long absence from London
rs. Boncicault made her rentri-e at the
pera Comique in July, 18S9, for the benefit
J. A. Cave, appearing as Moya in ' The
laughraun.' After a further interval she
appeared in 1892 as Mrs. Redmond in ' The
fe we Live ' iq.v.) and Mary Shakespeare
'Shakespeare' (q.v.), inlS93 as Mrs. Cum-
ing in ' Beauty's Toils ' {q.v.), in 1894 as Mrs.
rdyson in 'The Cotton King' {q.v.) and
rs. Matteson in ' A Modern Eve ' {q.v.), in
96 as Mrs. Cregan in ' The Colleen Bawn '
.1'.). See Emily Soldene's ' Theatrical and
usical Recollections ' (1897).
Boucicatilt, Nina. Actress ; daughter
Dion and Agnes Boncicault (q.v.); has
ayed in London the following (and other)
■iginal parts: — Kitty Verdun in 'Charley's
unt ' (December, 1892), Elaine Shrimpton
[ ' The Case of Rebellious Susan ' (1894),
ady Mabel in 'The Romance of the Shop-
alker' (1896), £7/1(7?/ Ratvston in ' A Wliite
'f llephant ' (1896), Violet Leigh in ' A Court
,1 f. Honour' (1897), Harriett in ' Shock-
■ ■' paded Peter ' (190(J), Suzan ne in ' The Lion-
unters ' (1901), Hose in ' The New Clown '
902), Bissie Broke in 'The Light that
ailed' (1903), and Moira Loney in 'Little
ary ' (1903). She appeared also in ' Frolic-
ane Eanny ' (1897), and ' Cupboard Love '
S9S).
Boug-eoir (Le). See Blindfold;
)LRNEYs End in Lovers' Meeting ; and
HE Odds are Even.
Boug-ht. A play in three acts, by
RANK Harvey {q.v.), first performed at
le Theatre Royal, Sunderland, December
, 1873.
Bouillon, The Princess de, in
^drienne Lecouvreur' {q.v.), is the rival
Adrienne for the love of Maurice de
ize.
Boulang-ere (La). A comic opera,
usic by Offenbach, libretto (adapted from
'• jie French of Meilhac and Halevy) by H. B.
JARNIE {q.v.), first performed at the Globe
tieatre, London, on April 10, ISSl, Avith a
st including Mdme. Amadi, Miss AVadman,
is3 Maud Taylor, F. H. Celli, H. Paulton,
. Mansfield, etc.
Bould Soger Boy (The). A farce by
. Stirling {q.v.), first performed at the
;rand Theatre, London, in November,
.51.
Boulding:, J. "W. Dramatic WTiter ;
ithor of ' The King-maker ' (1882). ' The
ouble Rose' (1882), 'The White Queen'
883), ' Dorothy Vernon ' (1889), ' The
ambler' (1891), and 'Harold the Saxon'
»97); part-author (with R. Palgrave) of
' The King's Favourite ' (1885) and ' Jane
Shore' (18S6), and (with Mrs. Lancaster-
Wallis) of ' For Wife and State ' (1883).
Boulogrne. A farcical comedy in three
acts, adapted by F. C. Burn and from
MM. Hennequin and Millaud's 'Niniche,'
and first performed at the Gaiety Theatre,
London, on April 30, 1879, with Miss E.
Farren as Countess JS^^avariski, W. Elton as
Count JS'avaraski, E. Terry as Gregoire,
E._W. Royce as Tom Flimleigh, and Mrs.
Leigh, Miss Wadman, etc., in other parts.
The piece was played in the English pro-
vinces in the same year.
Boulotte. The heroine of Offenbach's
• Bar be Bleue ' {q.v.).
Botmce. A farcical play in three acts,
by Alfred Maltby, first performed at the
Prince of "Wales's Theatre, Liverpool, on
August 17 1876, with C. Collette as Tom
Bounce, and other pares by Miss K. Harfleur,
H. D. Burton, and C. P. Flockton ; produced
at the Opera Comique Theatre, London, on
October 30, 1876, with C. Collette as Bounce,
supported by F. H. Macklin, E. F. Edgar,
R. Soutar, and Miss Louise Henderson.
Bounce, Major. See Crumbs, Chris-
topher.
Bounce, Mdlle. Cheri. An opera-
dancer in J. Stirling Coyne's ' How to
settle your Accounts with your Laundress '
{q.v.).
Bouncer. (1) Major Boanerges Bouncer
is a character in T. J. Williams's ' Charming
Pair ' {q.v.). (2) Mrs. Bouncer, in Maddison
MojiTuN's 'Box and Cox ' {q.v.), is a lodging-
house keeper. In Burnand and Sul-
livan's 'Cox and Box ' {q.v.) she is turned
into a man, and appears (3) as Sergeant
Bouncer.
Bound to Succeed; or, A Leaf
from the Captain's Log- Book. A
drama by George Conquest and Henry
Pettitt, first performed at the Grecian
Theatre, London, on October 29, 1877.
Bouqtiet (The); or, The Lang-uag-e
of Flowers. A drama in three acts, by
Edward Towers, East London Theatre,
October 2'4, 1870 ; played at Gloucester in
1883 and at Bath in IfeSS.
Bouquet, Rosalie, in J. T. Haines's
'Maidens Beware' {q.v.), is a "marchand
des modes," and in the course of the piece
assumes three other characters.
Bouquetiere des Innocents (La).
See Medal of Bronze.
Bourbon. A play performed at the
Rose Theatre, London, on November 2, 1597.
Bourchier, Arthur. Actor and drama-
tic writer ; had experience as an amateur at
Eton, at Oxford, andAviththe 'Old Stagers'
and 'Windsor Strollers;' he was, indeed,
one of the founders of the Oxford University
Dramatic Society [see Oxford]. His pro-
fessional debut was made at Wolverhampton
in 1889, as Jaques in ' As You Like It '—the
O
BOURCHIER
191
BOWER SALOON
part in which he made his first appearance
m London, at the St. James's Theatre, on
February 24, 1890. In the latter year he
was for a short time lessee of the St. James's,
■where he figured as Jack Daryll in J. H.
McCarthy's ' Your Wife ' (g. v.). Other origi-
nal rOles afterwards played by him in Lon-
don were Kit Marlowe in the play so named
(1890), Jack Selivyn in ' A Yorkshire Lass '
(1891), Lord Anerley in the play so named
(1891), the Hon. Reginald Earle in ' Forgive-
ness ' (1891), Repholt in ' A Visit ' (1892), Mr.
Richards in the play so named (1892), and
Count Rezof in ' Nadia ' (1892). As a member
of Augustin Daly's " company of comedians,"
Arthur Bourchier appeared with it in America
(1892-3), and then returned Avith it to Lon-
don, playing at Daly's Theatre his origi-
nal roles in ' Love and Tandem ' (1S93) and
Tennyson's ' Foresters ' (Robin Hood) (1S93),
At the Garrick Theatre, subsequently, he
was the original Ho7i. George Delamere in
Grundy's ' Slaves of the Ring ' (1894). In
September, 1895, he became lessee of the
Royalty Theatre, where he appeared suc-
cessively as Sir Reginald Delamere in ' The
Chili Widow ' (1S95), Colonel Walker in ' The
New Baby ' (1896), and Sir Victor Cro/ton in
• The Queen's Proctor ' (1896). In 1S96-7 he
toured in America with his own company.
In 1897 he was the original Chctwynd Green
in ' All Alive, Oh' (7.1;.), and in 1S98 he was
the first representative of Valentine in G. P.
Bancroft's 'Teresa' (g. v.), and John Hinds
in Trevor's 'Brother Officers' (q-v.). In
1899 he was the original James Blagden in
♦Wheels within Wheels' (g.r.). While
ioint-manager of the Criterion, he was in
the first casts of 'Ladv Huntworth's Ex-
periment' (1900), 'The Noble Lord' (1900),
and ' The Under-current ' (1901). In Septem-
ber, 1900, he became lessee and manager
of the Garrick, where he has played the
leading male roles in ' Pilkerton's Peerage '
(1902), 'The Bishop's Move' (1902\ 'My
Lady Virtue' (1902), 'The Golden Silence'
(1903), 'The Arm of the Law' (1904), and
'The Fairy's Dilemma' (1904). Among
other parts which he has played in London
are Olivier in ' Esther Sandraz ' (St. James's,
1890), Brigard in ' Frou-Frou ' (Criterion,
1890), Charles Courtley in ' London Assur-
ance' (Criterion, 1890), Joseph in 'The
School for Scandal' (Criterion, 1891), Charles
in 'The School for Scandal' (Daly's, 1893),
Young Wilding in ' The Liar ' (Royalty,
1896), Don Ccesar in ' Donna Diana ' (Prince
of Wales's, 1896), and the title-part of ' Dr.
Johnson ' (Strand, 1897). He is the author
of four adaptations from the French : ' A
Woman's Tears' (1SS9), 'Good-Bye' (1SS9),
' The Soothing System ' (1903), and ' The
Arm of The Law ' (1904) ; also, co-author,
with J. Blair, of 'Mr. Richards' (1892),
and co-adapter of ' The Chili Widow,' ' Mr.
versus Mrs.,' and 'The New Baby' (which
see).
Bourgeois de Pontarcy (Les). A
play by Victorien Sardou, adapted by
Cazauran, and produced at the Union Square
Theatre, New York, in 1S78, with Charles
Thome as Fabrice and Miss Linda Dietz
Marcelle. See Duty.
Bourgroyne, Marg-uerite, de. T
heroine of G. Almar's 'Tower of Nesl
(q-v.).
Bourville, Castle- A drama by Joi
Blair Linn, first performed at New York
January, 1797.
Boutard, Madeline. The " beauty
Brest" in J. B. JOHNSTONE'S 'Sailer
France' iq.v.).
Boutel, Mrs., actress, was the first
presentative of the following (and oth
characters :—5<. Catherine in 'Tyran
Love' (1669), Benzayda in ' The Conquest:
Granada' (1670), Christiana in *Love ii
Wood' (1672), Melantha in ' Marriage ^
Mode' (1672), Mrs. Pinchwife in '1
Country Wife ' (1673), Fidelia in ' The PI
Dealer' (1674), Rosalinda in ' Sophonisl
(1676), Statira in ' The Rival Queens ' (16'
Cleopatra in ' All for Love ' (1678), i
Semandra in ' Mithridates ' (1678)— all .
the " Theatre Royal," where she was i
seen in 1663 as Estifania in ' Rule a Wife i .
Have a Wife,' and in 1666 as Asj)atia in " 1
Maid's Tragedy' (Genest). Her last recor'.
appearance was in 1696.
Bovr Bells. (1) A play produced at »
City of London Theatre at Whitsunt ,
1863. (2) A comic drama by H. J. Byi
{q.v.), first performed at the Royalty 1 •
atre, London, on October 4, 1880, with .
Righton as Geoffrey Tivinklehorn, and Pt )
Day, F. Cooper, T. P. Haynes, F. Wy ,
Miss Kate Lawler, Miss Emma Ritta, l
Miss Maggie Brennan in other parts.
Bowbell, Billy. The cockney her f
Kenney and Millingen's ' Illustr 3
Stranger' (g.u.).
Bo wen, "William. 'Actor, bom
Ireland in 1666, died 1718; gained s
early experience on the Irish stage, e
seems to have joined the company at e
"Theatre Royal," London, in lti89, whe e
was the original of the coachman in ' e
English Friar' (g.v.). Among his c !r
original parts, either at this theatre c t
Lincoln's Inn Fields and the Hayma' t,
between 1691 and 1707, were Sir G '■('
Golding in ' Sir Anthony Love,' Le I ti
in ' Love for Money,' Sir Joseph Witt n
♦ The Old Batchelor,' Jeremy in ' Lov( )r
Love,' Crispin in ' The Anatomist,' Ant '-y
Witivoud in ' The Way of the W( i,'
Puzzle in ' The Funeral,' and Foiga) n
'The Beaux' Stratagem.' Healsofigur it
various times as Osric, Roderigo, Ti '«
in ' The Committee,' Crack in ' Sir Co ly
Nice,' Gripje in ' The Confederacy,' Ja no
in ' The 'Liheri'me,' Baniaby Brittle(17}' 5),
etc. He was killed in a duel whic ^^
had forced upon his fellow-actor, '^
iq.v.).
Bower Saloon. See London e-
ATRES.
BOWERS
BOX LOBBY LOUNGERS
Bowers, Georg-e Vining-. American
median, born at Philadelphia, April 23,
35 ; died in New York, August 18, 1878.
[n such parts as Asa Trenchard, Major de
ots, Paul Pry, etc., Bowers was excellent,
d in low comedy parts in the Shake-
earean dramas he had few superiors."
Bowers, Mrs. D. P. [nee Crocker].
;tress, born in Connecticut ; made her
•3fessional debut at the Park Theatre, New
irk, on December 3, 1845, as Amanthis in
he Child of Nature' {q.v.). She married
: 1S47, and in 1849 was seen at the National
' eatre, New York, as the heroines of
amora; or. The Indian Wife,' and ' Linda,
' Pearl of Chamouni.' Her husband
mg in 1857, she became directress and
ding actress of one of the Philadelphia
1 ?atres. In 1858 she acted at Laura Keene's
' eatre. New York, and in 1866 at the Winter
( rden.
Bowery Girl (The). A play by Ada
]E Bascom, originally produced at the
. ymarket Theatre, Chicago, 111., April 14,
: 5 ; first acted in New York City, at the
( ind Opera House, December 2, 1895.
iowindo, Mr. Peter. M.P. for Little
) igborough in AV. S. Gilbert's * Highly
; probable' {q.v.).
Jowkett, Sidney. See Day, G. D.
. fJowl'd Out; or, A Bit of Brum-
. . , aig-ein. A farce in one act, by H. T.
y Caven {q.v.), first performed at the Prin-
' OS's Theatre, London, July 9, 1860, with
iWiddicomb as Ezekiel Yearner, and other
p'ts by R. Cathcart, and the Misses Rose
a I Carlotta Leclercq.
iowles, Thomas G-ibson. Dramatic
\ ter ; author of ' The Blazing Burgee,*
' le Port Admiral,' and other pieces.
iowling-. (1) Jack BowUnfj is a cha-
r;er in DUNLAP's 'Fraternal Discord'
(' .). (2) Hell BoioUng is the hero of T. E.
l:.KS's 'Ben the Boatswain' {q.v.). (3)
I'denant Boioling, R.N., figures in J. M.
I P.TON's ' Milliner's Holiday ' {q.v.).
owling-, Tom. See Tom Bowling.
owman. Actor, born 1651, died
I^ ch 23, 1739. In an obituary notice in
tl Scot's Magazine for March, 1739, he is
d;ribed as " of Drury Lane" and as " the
0 ;st actor, singer, and ringer in England."
owman, Freddy. The jockey in
S s and Clay's ' Merry Duchess' {q. v.).
owman, Mrs. Actress, daughter of
S Frederick Watson, and adopted child
o'homas Betterton {q.v.).
owse. (1) Ben Boivse is a boatswain in
J:. Haines's 'My Poll and my Partner
u' _{q.v.). (2) Sundoivn Bowse, in Daly's
' J rizon'Cg.r.), is a territorial Congressman.
owyer, Frederick. Dramatic writer;
aior of 'Little Lohengrin' (18S4), the
hjtto of 'The Two Pros' (1SS6), 'The
Oer Little Lord Fondleboy' (1888), and
01 ir pieces ; also, co-author, with W. E.
Sprange, of 'The Parting of the W^ays'
(1890), ' Ragged Robin ' (1893), ' The New
Barmaid' (1895), and 'The White Black-
bird' (1898) ; with W. H. Hedgcock, of ' For
Charity's Sake ' (1893) ; with " Payne Nunn,"
of the "book "of 'Claude Du-Val' (1894);
with H. Sparling, of 'The Phunnygraph'
(1894).
Box and Cox. A " romance of real
life," in one act, by J. Maddison Morton
(g.r.), adapted from the 'Frisette' of MM.
Labiche and Lefranc (Palais Royal, April,
1846), with some indebtedness to ' La Cham-
bre k Deux Lits ;' and first performed at the
Lyceum Theatre, London, on November 1,
1847, with J. B. Buckstone as John Box,
Harley as James Cox, and Mrs. Macnamara
as Mrs. Bouncer. "Though every comedian
for the last thirty-five years has played the
farce, I have never," says Edmund" Yates,
" seen so thoroughly artistic a conception of
Box as that of Charles Mathews, who took
the part when Harley left the theatre."
The piece was played at the Prince of Wales's
Theatre, London, in 1867, with G. Honey as
Box, J. Hare as Cox, and Mrs. Leigh IMurray
as Mrs. Bouncer; and at the Haymarket
Theatre on October 16, 1889, with H.
Nicholls as Cox, E. M. Robson as Box, and
Mrs. E. Phelps as Mrs. Botincer. It was first,
performed in America at the Arch Street
Theatre, Philadelphia, with AV. E. Burton
and Joseph Jefferson in the title rdles. The
popularity of ' Box and Cox' suggested the
production of (2) ' Box and Cox Married and
Settled : ' a farce in one act, by J. Stirling
Coyne {q.v.), first performed at the Hay-
market on October 15, 1852, with Buckstone
as Box, Keeley as Cox, Coeas "an anonymous
gent," Mrs.Caulfield as Mrs. Box, Mrs. Buck-
ingham as Mrs. Cox, and Mrs. Selby as Mrs.
Bouncer.— ' Box and Cox' was afterwards
adapted to the lyric stage under the title
of ' Cox and Box ' {q.v.).
Box and Cox Married and Settled..
See Box and Cox.
Box Lobby Challenge (The). A
comedy in five acts, by R. Cumberland
{q.v.), first performed at the Haymarket
Theatre on February 22, 1794, with Bannister,
jun., as Jack Crotchet, Baddeley as Crotchet,
sen., J. Aickin as Sir Toby Gramxms, Suett
as Robert Grampus, Bland as Fulsome,
Barrymore as Captain Waterla^id, Mrs.
Harlowe as Diana Grampus, Mrs. Goodall
as Lcetitia, and Miss De Camp as Lindamira.
The challenge arises out of a fracas in the
box lobby of a theatre. The comedy, as.
arranged for performance by W. R. Walkes,
was performed at the Royalty Theatre,
London, on the afternoon of June 22, 1894,
with H. A. Saintsbury as Captain Waterland,
F. Grove as Squire Robert, Miss K. Stewart
as Lady Jane, Miss L. Henderson as Diana,
I\Iiss L. Revell as Letitia, Miss M. Bessie as
Theodosia, and Miss Davies-Webster as
Lindamira.
Box Lobby Lonng-ers (The). "A
petite piece " by Charles Stuart, first per-
formed at Drury Lane on May 16, 1787, with
BOX OF MISCHIEF
196
BRACEGIRDLE
Baddeley as Sir Peter Pippin and Bannister, j
jun., as Dicky Dash. The personce includes, j
also, Lady Patty Plaid.
Box of MiscMef (The). A farce in
one act, by S. Peake.
Box, Simon, in Douglas Jebrold's
'Housekeeper' {q.v.),is in love with Sophy
JIawes.
Boy (The). A farcical comedy in three
acts, bv ARTHUR Law (q.v.), Devonshire
Park Theatre, Eastbourne, February 1, 1894.
See New Boy.
Boy Blue, Iiittle. See Little Bot
Blue.
Boy Detective (The). A drama in
three acts, by W. Travers, first performed
at the Effingham Theatre, London, June
10, 1867 ; produced at the Bowery Theatre,
New York, in February, 1892, with Percy
Roselle in the title part.—' A Boy Hero '
is the title of a play by Mrs. C. A. Doremus,
produced at the People's Theatre, St. Louis,
U.S.A., in 1887.
Boy of Santillane (The); or, Gil
Bias and the Robbers of Asturia. A
romantic drama in three acts, by :Mac-
FARREN, founded on Le Sage's famous wcirk,
and first performed at Drury Lane on April
16, 1827, with Miss Kelly as Gil Bias, Miss
Pincott as Donna Mensia, Wallack as Ro-
lando (captain of the robbers), Cooper and
" O." Smith as De^pardo and Malvolex (his
lieutenants), Webster as Domingo (a negro),
and Harley, Younge, and others in minor
roles. Gil Bias and Donna Mensia, wlio are
lovers, fall into the hands of the robbers,
but the former manages to effect his own
escape and the latter's rescue.
Boycott, Milicent. The heroine of
PiNERO'S ' Money Spinner' (g.u.).
Boycotted. A musical comedietta
written by M. C. Salaman, compo.sed by
Eugene Ba"rnett ; St. George's Hall, London,
July 5, 1884. ^
Boyhood of Bacchus (The). See
Uede, W. Leman.
Boyleover, Colonel. A character in
\VlLLL\MS's ' Larkins' Love Letters' {q.v.).
Boyne, Leonard. Actor ; made his
professional debut at the Theatre Royal,
Liverpool, in 1S6'.>, as Leybourne in ' The
Flowers of the Forest' {q.v.). His first
appearance in London was made at the
St. James's Theatre, in 1874, as John Feme
in Robertson's 'Progress' {q.v.). He has
since figured as the original Colonel Tem-
pest in ' Delilah ' (1880), Captain Leigh
in ' Sister Mary ' (1886), Harold Fitzralph in
'Heart of Hearts' (1887), D'Acosta in
' Ariane ' (1888), Vyvyan Foster in ' The
Armada ' (1888), Frank Upworth in ' A Man's
Love' (1889), Tom in 'A River-Side Story'
(1890), Harry O'Mailey in 'The English
Rose' (1890), Cuthbertson in 'The Trumpet
Call ' (1891), Captain Vernon in ' The Prodigal
Daughter ' (1892), John Allingham in ' The
Benefit of the Doubt ' (1895), Captain '. .
fusis in ' The Late Mr. Castello ' (IS ,
and Sir Reginald Belsize in * The Marri \
of Kitty ' (1902). He has also been seei i
London as O'Callaghan in ' His Last L( '
(1S81), D'Alroy in 'Caste' (1889), Cyrix
' Cyril's Success ' (1890), Charles Middles :
in ' Our Bovs ' (1890), Andreas in ' Theo(l( '
(1890), and Badger in ' The Streets of 1 -
don ' (1891). He was the first representa a
in the English provinces of Claudian \
other modern parts, and he has appe; 1
in New York in his original roles in ' e
Prodigal Daughter.' 'Sister Mary,' 1
' The Marriage of Kitty.'
Boys Tog-ether. (1) A farcical i-
medv in four acts, by W. Howell PO' ;,
ailapted from a novel by Mounteney J i-
son ; first performed at the Princi if
Wales's Theatre, Liverpool, March i,
1887. (2) A drama in four acts, l)y Hae n
Chambers and Comyns Carr, first ;.
formed at the Adelphi Theatre, Lon.i,
on August 26, 1896, with a cast inclu g
W. Terris, W. L. Abingdon, C. W. Some t,
J. D. Beveridge, H. Nicholls, W. Maci-
tosh, L. Lablache, O. Adye, Miss . ;e
Kingsley, Miss Kate Kearney, and ss
Millward.
Boys will be Boys. A comedie in
one act, by Joseph Mackay {q.v.), firs !r-
formed at the Opera Comique Th< -e,
London, on July 29, 1889.
Brabantio. Father of Desdemoi in
' Othello ' {q.v.) ; figures also in M. G. w-
LING'S ' Othello Travestie ' {q.v.).
Brace. (1) A sailor in R. T. Weji R'S
•Red Rover' {q.v.). (2) Sir Ball Br is
a broken-down oaronet in Albery's ' '. le'
{q.v.).
Brace of Partridg-es (A). A f.'cal
comedy in three acts, l)y Robert .w-
THONY, Royal County Theatre, Kin on,
November 15, 1897 ; played at the ; md
and Garrick Theatres, London, in 181 md
afterwards performed in U.S.A.
Braceg-irdle, Anne. Actress, ore
about 1674, died September, 1748. The ;
most received opinion," .says Anthony 'ton,
" is that she was the daughter of a ich-
man, coachraaker, or letter-out of c( Ses,
in the town of Northampton. But. am
inclinable to my father's opinion tb'she
was a distant relation, and came ,0 of ;
Staffordshire, from about Walsall or 'S ver- j
hampton." As a child (not yet, it iaid,
six years old) she played the page tbe
first performance of ' The Orphan ' at 'Tset
Garden in 1680. During her subs lenli
professional life she sustained man ori-
ginal " parts. Thus, between 1691 a 1707
she was the first representative of Eri sMfl^
in 'King Arthur,' Araminta in 'T OM
Batchelor,' Cynthia in ' The Double '. der,
Victoria in 'The Fatal Marriage,' ^ '«i«<«
in ' Love for Love,' Belindain ' The Pi oked
Wife,' Almeria in 'The Mourning 'i^^^
Millamant in 'The Ways of the -rid,
I Selima in 'Tamerlane,' Lavinia L'T^e
BRACEGIRDLE
197
BRADBURY
ir Penitent,' Angelica in 'The Gamester,'
dF^JiJpfl'ifain "i'he Confederacy.' Among
ler parts were JJesdemona, Mrs. Ford,
rdelia, Ophelia, Portia ('Julius Csesar '),
■ tavia in 'All for Love,' Aspatia in 'The
lid's Tragedy,' and Statira in ' Alexandra
3 Great.' She acted at the Theatre Royal
m 16S3 to 1694, at Lincoln's Inn Fields
m 1695 to 1705, and at the Haymarket
■m 1705 to 1707. In the last-named year
(.e thirty-third of her age) she retired from
■3 stage— for what particular reason is not
I -tain. It may have been, as suggested,
■:ause Mrs. Oldfield "was excelling her
; popular estimation ; " or because Mrs.
■Ifield was "preferr'd to some parts before
r ;" or because Mrs. Oldfield's " benefit "
s" allowed to be in the season before"
rs. Genest thinks that "the affront"
I ) wn to her in the matter of her ' ' benefit "
uld be "a sufficient cause" for her re-
3ment. She returned to the boards in
;i9, but only for one night (April 7), to
;pear as Angelica in 'Love for Love' for
■'i benefit of "her good friend Mr. Better-
i\." When she died, slie was interred in
n cloisters of Westminster Abbey. Colley
ober speaks of "her reputation as an
i Tess gradually rising with that of her per-
il ; never any woman was in such general
■our of her spectators, which, to the last
;;ne of her dramatick life, she maintain'd
; not being unguarded in her private cha-
:;ter. This discretion contributed not a
;;letomake her the card, the darling of the
liatre ; for it will be no extravagant thing
1 say, scarce an audience saw 'that were
is than half of them lovers, without a sus-
yted favourite among them. . • . She had
1, greater claim to beauty than what the
J'St desirable brunette might pretend to.
;t her youth and lively aspect threw out
;;h a glow of health and cheerfulness, that
( the stage few spectators that were not
]it it could behold her without desire. It
"s even the fashion among the gay and
^mg to have a taste or tendre for Mrs.
j'lcegirdle. She inspired the best authors
1 write for her, and two of them [Rowe
vl Congreve], when they gave her a lover
ia play, seem'd palpably to plead their own
Ijisions, and make their private court to
I': in fictitious characters. In all the chief
I'ts she acted, the desire was so predomi-
).at, that no judge could be cold enough
lionsider from what other particular excel-
1 ce she became delightful. . . . Yet let me
[', there were two very different characters
i which she acquitted herself with uncom-
m applause [Statira and MiUamant]. In
uer characters, where singing was a
iiessarypart of them, her voice and action
!"e a pleasure which good sense, in those
< >'s, was not asham'd to give praise to "
dpology,' 1740). Anthony Aston (who
(Is her "that Diana of the stage") says
'he was of a lovely height, with dark-
uwn hair and eyebrows, black sparkling
< !s, and a fresh blushy complexion ; and,
"enever she exerted herself, had an in-
' untary flushing in her breast, neck, and
1 e, having continually a cheerful aspect,
and a fine set of even white teeth ; never
making an exit, but that she left the audi-
ence in an imitation of her pleasant counte-
nance. Genteel comedy was her chief essay,
and that too when in men's clothes, in
which she far surmounted all the actresses
of that and this age. Yet she had a defect
scarce perceptible, viz. her right shoulder
a little protended, which, when in men's
clothes, was cover'd by a long or campaign
peruke. She was finely shap'd, and had
very handsome legs and feet ; and her gait,
or walk, was free, manlike, and modest,
when in breeches. . . . She was, when on
the stage, diurnally charitable, going often
into Clare Market, and giving money to the
poor unemploy'd basket-women, insomuch
that she would not pass that neighbourhood
without the thankful acclamations of people
of all degrees " (' Supplement to C. Gibber's
Lives,' 1747-8). Gildon, in his ' Comparison
between the Two Stages' (1702), and Tom
Brown, in his 'Letters from the Dead to
the Living,' express more than scepticism
as to the chastity for which the actress was
famous. For details of her career, in addi-
tion to the authorities above mentioned,
see the 'Lives' of Mrs. Oldfield ' (1730 and
1741), Genest's ' English Stage ' (1832), and
D. Cook's 'Hours of the Players' (18S1).
In the last named is a summary of the trial
of Lord INIohun for the murder of Mountford,
the actor (q.v.), in the course of an attempt
by Captain Hill to abduct Anne Bracegirdle
on the night of December 9, 1692. In this
trial the actress gave evidence. — itrs. Brace-
girdle figures in OxENFORD's 'Tragedy
Queen' {q.v.), and also in 'An Actress by
Daylight' (q.v.).
Brachvog-el, A. E. See Narcisse.
Bracy. The bewitched bard in the
burlesque of ' Christabelle ' (q.v.).
Bracy, Henry. Actor and vocalist ;
original representative in London of the
following characters :— Gontran de Solanges
in ' Les Mousquetaires ' (1880), Prince Fritel-
lini in ' The Mascotte ' (1881), Don Luis in
'Manteaux Noirs' (1SS2), Le Due de Marl]/
in ' Lurette ' (1883), Hilar ion in ' Princess
Ida ' (1SS4), Prince Mignapour in ' The
Grand INIogul' (1884), Eugene Marcel in
' Erminie' (1885), and the Due de la Roche
Galante in 'Babette' (1SS8) ; also, Peter in
the revival of 'The Sultan of Mocha' at
the Strand Theatre in 1SS7.
Bradbury, John "W., actor, has
played in London the following original
parts:— 3/r. Mallet in 'The Girls' (1879),
Sam Smart in ' A Military Manceuvre '
(1S79), Hunt in ' Ourselves ' (1880), Gregory
in 'The Guvnor' (1880), To7n Potts in
' Written in Sand ' (1884). He has also been
seen as Our Mr. Jenkins in 'Two Roses'
(Lvceum, 1879) and Jacob in 'The Road to
Ruin' (Vaudeville, 1879).
Bradbury, Robert. Actor, born at
Manchester, 1774 ; died 1831 ; began life as
a carpenter, and thence drifted into scene-
shifting. The illness of a clown during the
BRADDON
19S
BRAIIAM
run of a local pantomime gave Bradbury
the opportunity of being deputy, and thus
making his first appearance on the boards.
He was afterwards engaged at the Surrey
Theatre, and still later at Sadler's Wells,
where, it is said, he eclipsed even Grimaldi
in popularity. Dutton Cook speaks of him
as " Grimaldi's great rival, the tumbling
contortionist clown Bradbury, who wore
nine strong 'pads' upon his person— one
on his head, one round the shoulders, one
round the hips, one on each elbow, two on
the knees, and two on the heels of his shoes,
and thus equipped was wont to hurl and
knock himself about in a most alarming
manner" {Theatre, 1883). See 'Life of
Grimaldi 'US38).
Braddon, Mary Elizabeth, is the
author (in addition to numerous novels,
many of which have been dramatized) of
the following plays:— 'The Loves of Ar-
cadia ' (1860), ' A Model Husband ' (revived
1868), ' Griselda ' (1873), ' Genevieve ' (1S74),
'For Better, for Worse' (1S91), and 'The
Missing Witness.' It is iinderstood that,
in her early years, Miss Braddon had some
experience as an actress.
Bradford, Jonatlian. See Jonathan
Bradford.
Bradsha-w, Jolm. Actor, born 1812,
died 1876 ; the original of H. S. Leigh's
' Villain at the " Vic." '
Bradshaw, Michael. A bricklayer
in J. M. Morton's ' Old Honesty ' {qv.)—
"Old Honesty" being the name by which
he is popularly known.
Bradshaw, Mrs. See Tree, Ann
Maria.
Bradwell, William. Theatrical de-
corator and mechanician, died 1849.
Brady, Mrs. The heroine of Garrick's
' Irish Widow ' (g.u).
Brag-. See Ellen.
Brag-, Joseph. A character in E.
Mayhew and G. Sjiith's ' Make your
"Wills.' (2) Ned and Zachary Brag figure
in D'Urfey's 'Love for Money' (g.v.) and
Coffey's ' Boarding-School Romps ' (g.u.).
Brag-anza. A tragedy by Robert
Jephson, first performed at Drury Lane on
February 17, 1775, with Reddish as Duke
of Braganza, Smith as Velasquez, and Mrs.
Yates as the Duchess, etc.
Brag-g-ard Captain (The). A comedy
translated from Plautus by Bonnell
Thornton, and printed in 1767. " The
main design is the recovery of Philoco-
masium, and the mortification of the vain-
glorious, self -conceited captain."
Braham, John. Vocalist and actor,
born in Goodman's Fields, March, 1774
[Oxberry says 1772], died February, 1856 ;
son of a'Portuguese (or German) Jew, named
(it is said) Abraham ; soon lost his fath.er
(who, like his mother, had a good voice),
and had little education until introduced tr
the well-known vocalist, Leoni (Lee), b'
whom he was insti-ucted in the rudiments o
music and of singing. Apparently he firs
sang in public (as ''Master Braham ") ii
April, 1787, at Covent Garden, in an enter
tainment given by his teacher. Many thei
prophesied his future eminence. His firs
appearance on the stage seems to hav
been made at the Royalty Theatre in July'
1787, when (as "Master Abrahams") h
represented Cupid in a burletta called ' Th
Birthday.' When, in 1789, his voice brokf
Braham set up as a teacher of the pianofortt
By-and-by, his vocal poAvers returning, h'
accepted, in 1794, an engagement at Batl
where he became a pupil of llauzzini. Hi
career as an adult actor dates from 179i.
when he formed part of the cast of Storace,
opera, 'Mahmoud,' at Drury Lane. In 17f
he was engaged for Italian opera at th
King's Theatre. He next embarked on
Continental tour, from which he came bac-
in 1801 to figure in Mazzinghi and Reeve
' Chains of the Heart.' This was foUowf
by Dibdin's ' Cabinet ' (q.v.), in which (sa;
E. F. Rimbault) Braham " was the compos'
of all the music of his own part, a custom
which he continued for several years
adhere." Among the operas to which 1
thus contributed were (says the sar
authority) 'Family Quarrels'' (1802), 'T!
English Fleet' (1802), 'Thirty Thousan
(1804), ' Out of Place ' (1805), ' False Alarir
(1807), 'Kais ; or. Love in a Desert' (180
and ' The Devil's Bridge ' (1812). In 1805
joined the company at Drury Lane. Wh;
Mozart's 'Clemenza di Tito' was first p'
formed in this country (1806), Braham \\
the Sesto. He was the first English Max
' Der Freiscliutz ' (at the Lyceum in 185
and the original Si7' Huon in 'Oberon'
Covent Garden in 1826). In 1835 he bl-
and opened the St. James's Theatre, Ki
Street— a speculation which proved dis
trous to him financially. The last importf
character essayed by him was that of Willi
Tell in Rossini's opera at Drury Lane in IS
" Those," wrote Hazlitt, "who first hear 1
Braham, are struck with a noble simplic
and fervour in his manner of expressing (
tain emotions, in the eagerness with wh
he seems to fling himself into his subj(
disdaining the rules of art, like the C(
batant who rushes without his armour to
battle. The sounds he utters appear ton:
his own bosom, or at other times, lingei
fluttering accents on his lips. The comi
nication between the voice and the feeli
is immediate, instantaneous, irresistil
and the language of music seems
language of nature and passion. But w
the sound becomes not only an echo to
sense, but to itself^when the same altei •
tion of bursts of heroic passion, and th ■
ings of sentimental tenderness, is constai '
played off upon u<?— when there is notl ,'
but this trite transition fron the confv,,
con strcinto, to the affcttnoso and ach '
style, in their gi-eatest extremes— we 1 1
begin to perceive something like a tr'.
and are little more affected than 7
:m
BRAHAM
199
BRANDED
■iding the marginal directions in a rausic-
ok." Sir Walter Scott described him
; "a beast of an actor, though an angel
! a singer." " His voice," says Henry Rus-
il, •'was a tenor of the purest quality,
'i extraordinary power, and of singular
jeetness. It ranged from La below the
" es to the upper Si. With it he produced
■ times a sensation beyond the power of
Inscription. He was without a rival."
■5raham," says Julian Young, "was not
: rely a scientific vocalist; he was a
ientific musician." Three of his sons—
<arles (died 1884), John Hamilton, and
, gustus (died 1889)— were public singers,
!3 Oxberry's 'Dramatic Biography' (1825) ;
Ij Era for February 24, 1856; the 'Dic-
inary of Music and Musicians' (1879).
Braham, Leonora. Actress and
•;aUst ; made her theatrical debut in 1874,
■,en she joined the German-Reed Com-
]iyatSt. George's Hall, Langham Place.
' ere she remained till 1878, when she went
1 America. Her most notable performances
i the States were those of Princess Toto
i the Clay-Sullivan opera (q.v.) and Dolly in
'he Sultan of Mocha' (q.v.). Returning
I England in 1880, she rejoined the German
:eds, leaving them in 1881 to be the
l;t Patience in Gilbert and Sullivan's
' rk (q.v.). She was afterwards the original
Dresentative in London of the fi)llowing
]:ts in Gilbert-Sullivan opera — Phyllis in
j)lanthe ' (1882), the heroine in ' Princess
a' (1884), Yum-Yxnn in 'The Mikado'
(85), and Pose Mayhucl in 'Ruddigore'
(37), besides being Aline in the revival of
'he Sorcerer' (q.v.) at the Savoy in 1884.
'. 1889 she played the chief feminine rOle
iStorer's ' Gretna Green ' (q.v.). She has
lired in the English provinces as Julia
i'The Grand Duke' (1896) and Nora in
^iaamus O'Brien' (1897). In 1898 she was
ijthe original cast of • The Dove-Cot '
Braid, G-eorere Ross. An actor
( rn 1812, died 1878) long associated with
1i Haymarket Theatre, where, between
]5 and 1875, he figured in the original
(ts of Saunders' 'Love's Martyrdom,' of
'^■QQ Taylor's 'Victims,' 'Unequal Match,'
'ontested Election,' 'Overland Route,'
fl 'New Men and Old Acres,' and of H.
I Byron's ' Married in Haste.'
Jrain-Stealer (The). A play adapted
1 Kate Claxton from the French of A.
Knnery, and performed at Chicago,
V5.A.,in April, 1887, with the authoress as
■i deline Bernard, and other parts by Miss
(:herine Lewis, Aubrey Boucicault, etc.
Jrainless, Squire. The name under
■^ich Mrs. Charke (q.v.) satirized Fleet-
■\3d (q.v.) in her 'Cost of Management'
.grains, in Ralph's 'Astrologer' (q.v.),
1 identical with Cricca in ' Albumazar '
^Irainworm, in Ben Jonson's 'Every
^n in his Humour' (q.v.), is servant to
Old Knoivell (q.v.). " Brainworm," says
Hazlitt, "is a particularly dry and abstruse
character. We neither know his business
nor his motives ; his plots are as intricate
as they are useless, and as the ignorance
of those he imposes upon is wonderful.
This is the impression in reading it. Yet
from the bustle and activity of this cha-
racter on the stage, the changes of dress,
the variety of affected tones and gipsy
jargon, and the limping, distorted gestures,
it is a very amusing exhibition."
Brallag-han, Barney. See Barney
Brallaghan.
Bramble. A character in W. T. MON-
CRiEFF's 'AH at Coventry' (q.v.). (2) A
character in Palgrave Simpson's 'Rane-
lagh ' (q.v.). (3) Sir Peregrine Bramble and
his son figure in Morris's ' Adventurers '
(q.v.). (4) Sir Robert Bramble is uncle of
Frederick in Colman's 'Poor Gentleman'
(q.v.).
Brand. A dramatic poem in five acts,
by Henrik Ibsen ; translated into English
prose by William Wilson (1891), and "into
Engli.sh verse (original metres) by C. H.
Herford (1894) and by V. E. Garrett (1S94).
The fourth act of the Herford version was
performed at the Op^ra Comique Theatre,
London, four times during June, 1893, with
Bernard Gould as Brand, Miss Elizabeth
Robins as Agnes, and Miss Frances Ivor as
the gipsy-woman.
Brand, Deane. Vocalist and actor ;
made his d^but on the stage in Australia.
His first appearance in England was at
Ryde, Isle of Wight, in 18S2, as Captain
Corcoran in ' H.M.S. Pinafore.' After a long
engagement with R. D'Oyly Carte in the
country, he returned (with his wife, Miss
Kate Chard) to Australia, whence he came
back to London in 1835 to appear in
'Francois the Radical' (q.v.). He after-
wards "toured" through England with an
opera named 'Rhoda' (q.v.). His sister.
Miss Edith Brandon, after figuring for some
time in operetta and light opera, left the
stage on her marriage with the Earl of
Berkeley.
Brand, Hannah. Dramatic writer ;
author of 'Huniades,' a tragedy (q.v.), in
which (1792) she played the heroine, Ag-
772 ujirfrt— that being the occasion of her debut.
In 1794 she was engaged by Wilkinson for
York, appearing there first as Lady Townly,
"for which character," says Genest, "she
was much too formal."
Brand, Walter. See Walter Brand.
Brand of Cain (The). A drama by
G. L. Gordon (q.v.), first performed at the
Theatre Royal, Birkenhead, on July 16,
1875.
Branded. A drama in five acts, by
Richard Lee (q.v.), first performed at the
Princess's Theatre, London, on April 2, 1881,
with a cast including Henry Neville, F.
Archer, W. Redmund, J. Beauchamp, Miss
BRANDED RACE
BRAVE AND THE FAIR
Caroline Hill, Miss Maud Milton, Mrs.
Huntley, and r^Irs. Lyons.
Branded Race (Tlie). See Wooler,
J. P.
Brandes, Edward. See Visit, A.
Brandon. (1) A character in Lovell's
•Look before you Leap' (q.v.). (2) Black
Brandon figures in Haines's ' My Poll and
mv Partner Joe' {q.v.), and in Burxand's
burlesque of that drama. (3) Sir William
and Lucy Brandon are characters in the
various dramatic versions of ' Paul Clifford '
{q.v.). [See LtCY BRANDON.] (4) Luke
Brandon is a character in Mark Lemon's
• Self-Accusation.'
Brandon, Olgra. Actress, born in
Australia iu 1S65 ; made her New York
debut :it the Madison Square Theatre on
September 29, 18S-1, as Edith in ' The Private
Secretary ' {q.v.). She was afterwards seen
there asJfrs. Smith in ' In Chancery' {q.v.),
Minnie in 'Engaged' {q.v.), and Lydia
Haversack in ' TAvins ' {q.v.). Her first
appearance in London was made at the
Royalty on January 27, 1SS7, as Grace
Goidrinj in 'Modern Wives' {q.v.); she
also appeared there in 'Ivy' {q.v.) and
as Mrs. Mudford Merry in ' A Tragedy '
{q.v.). Returning to America, she toured
with J. S. Clarke in old English comedy,
figuring also as Ophelia and Pauline Bescha-
2/elles. In the English provinces in 1&SS-9
she was the original Bhoda in ' The
"Weaker Sex' {q.v.) and Mrs. Molyneux in
•A White Lie' {q.v.). Since 1S89 she has
played the following original parts in Lon-
don : — Mrs, Lisle in 'Dick Venables '
(1890), Giannina in 'The Violin Plavers'
(1890), Vashti Dethic in ' Judah ' (1S90), Ethel
Kingston in ' The English Rose ' (1S90), Una
Dell in ' The Crusaders ' (1891), Florizel in
•A Visit' (1892), Mrs. Armadale in 'The
Bread-winner ' (1892), Nadia in the play so
named (1892), Clare O'Mara in ' Strathlogan'
(1892), the Duchesse de Vei-vier in 'The
Broken Melody' {1S92), Ruth in 'Hypatia'
(1893), Lady Hilda in ' An American Bride'
(1893). Among other parts in Avhich she has
been seen in London are — Esther in ' Caste'
(Criterion, 1889), Mrs. Cuthhert in ' Cyril's
Success' (Criterion, 1890), Mary Melrose in
' Our Eovs ' (Criterion, 1890), Mary Blenkarn
in 'The Middleman' (Shaftesbury, 1890),
L\icy in ' The Streets of London ' (Adelphi,
1891), Gertrude in ' The Maelstrom' (Shaftes-
bury, 1892).
Brandram, Mrs. Samuel. See Mur-
ray, Miss.
Brandram, Rosina. Actress and vo-
calist ; made her theatrical debut at the
Op^ra Comique in 1877, where she succeeded
Mrs. Howard Paul as Lady Sangarzure in
'The Sorcerer' {q.v.), and played Little
Buttercup in 'Pinafore' {q.v.) on occasion.
She was afterwards the first representative
of the following parts in Gilbert-Sullivan
opera: — Lad]i Blanche in 'Princess Ida,'
Katisha in 'The Mikado,' Dame Hannah
in 'Ruddigore,' Dame Carruthers in 'The
Yeoman of the Guard,' the Duchess of Plaz.
Toro in 'The Gondoliers,' Lady Sophy :
'Utopia, Limited,' and the Baroness' re
Krakenfeldt in the ' Grand Duke.' She w;
Kate in the first American cast of 'Tl
Pirates of Penzance' {q.v.), and when tl
opera was revived in London in 18S8 si
played liuth. Among her other origin,
parts are Mrs. Boivcher in 'Mock Turtle.-
Aunt Obnnpia in 'Tobacco Jars' (188£
the Widou' Jackson in ' CaptainBilly ' (1891
3[rs. Crumpet in 'He Stoops to Win'(lS91
Lady Vernon in Grundy and Sullivan
'Iladdon Hall' (1892), Miss Sims in Barri
Doyle, and Fords 'Jane Annie' (1893), tl
Marqxiise in Carrt^ and Messager's '.Miretti,
(1894). Juan in Pinero, Carr, and Sullivan
' Beauty Stone ' (1898), Dancing Sunbeam '._
Sullivan and Hood's 'The Rose of Persir
(1899), Lady Scivtoivn in Sullivan, Ge
man, and Hood's ' The Emerald Isle' (1901
Queen Elizabeth in German and Hood,
'Merrie England' (1902), and Nell Beddi]
in German and Hoods ' A Princess .
Kensington' (1903); also, roles in 'Litt
Hans Andersen' (Adelphi, 1903), and 'Ver
nique ' (Apollo Theatre, 1904).
Brandynose. A character in J. Hi!
ford's ' Faust and Marguerite ' {q.v.).
Brandysnap, Dr. and Diana Cb
racters in A. Harris's 'Too Much of
Good Thing' ('i-f.).
Bran ville, Sir Anthony. "Aforn
dangler" in Mrs. Sheridan's 'Discover'
{q.v.).
Bras de Fer. A drama in two acts,
E. Manuel, produced at the Britani,
Theatre, London, on May 17, 1875.
Brass. A comedy-drama in five acts, :
G. F. Rowe {q.v.), first performed at t:
Park Theatre, New York ; first performed
England at the Alexandra Theatre, Liv
pool, in May, 1S77 ; produced at the H;
market Theatre on August 13, 1877, w
the author as ]Vaifto7i Stray, F. H. Mack
as Wyvern, Teesdale as John Mashani, Ho
as Mattheio Armstrong, Kyrle Bellew
James Balance, Miss Violet Orme as Si,<
Hawker, Miss B. Henri as Mary Armstro ■
Miss E. Thorne as 3[rs. Masham, Miss
Harris as Alice Masham. INIiss Ada Ret
has played Sybil Hawker in this play.
Brass, in Vanbrugh's 'Confedera'
{q.v.), is the former school-mate and fellc,
apprentice of Dick Amlet. (2) "An '
blushing and audacious metal" in "J.
Philosopher's Stone' {q.v.). (3) Hn^h
Brass in J. M. Morton's 'Regular F
{q.v.). (4) Jim Brass is a character
Clement Scott's ' Off the Line ' {q.v.). ;
Brass Monkey (A). A play by C.
Hoyt {q.v.), produced in U.S.A. in 1888. .
Brasstoun, John. The hero of
Fitzball's 'Note-Forger' (^.r.).
Brave and the Fair (The). Abal..
first performed at the English Opera Hor .
London, on July 11, 1816
BRAVE AS A LION
BREAKING THE ICE
Brave as a Lion. A comedietta by
John T. Douglass {q-v.), Standard Theatre,
London, March 11, 1872.
Brave Coward (A). A play in three
acts, by J. S. Blythe, Strand Theatre, Lon-
don, December 3, 1886.
Brave Hearts. A domestic story in
two acts, by Arthur Matthison (g.v.), first
performed at the Criterion Theatre, London,
on January 24, 1881, with H. Beerbohm
Tree as the Marquis de Chateau, Laroche,
and Mrs. Alfred Mellon, IMiss Mary Korke,
W. Blakeley, and G. Giddens in other
parts ; revived at the Criterion on May 29,
1886, with G. Giddens in his original part,
W. E. Gregory as the Marquis, and Miss A.
Hughes as Dorine. See Poor Nobleman.
Brave Irishman (The). See Captain
O'Blunder.
Bravo (The). A three-act drama by J.
B. BUCKSTONE Iq-v.), founded on .Cooper's
novel of the same name, and first performed
at the Adelphi Theatre, London, in 1833.
(2) ' The Bravo ; or, The Bridge of Sighs : '
a melodrama in two acts, by C. Z. Barnett
iq.v.), performed with Osbaldiston as Jacopo
(the bravo) and Almar as the Doge of Venice.
Bravo (The) in Planche's ' Red ^Mask '
iq.v.).
Bray, Noddy, in G. Colman jun.'s
.'X. Y. Z.'
Brazen. (1) A captain in Farquhar's
'Recruiting Officer' {q.v.). (2) Mrs. Brazen
is a character in Gay's 'Beggar's Opera'
(?.».).
Brazen Ag-e (The). "A history" in
five acts, by Thomas Heywood {q.v.), printed
in 1613 ; each act being devoted to a story
taken from Ovid's ' Metamorphoses.' " In
' The Brazen Age,' " says Swinburne, "there
is somewhat more of dramatic unity and
coherence than in the two light easy-going
desultory plays ['The Golden Age' and
'The Silver Age'] which preceded it"
('Nineteenth Century,' April, 1895).
Brazen Bust (The). A melodrama
in two acts, by Charles Kemble, with
music by Bishop, first performed at Covent
Garden on May 29, 1813.
Brazen Mask (The). A ballet-panto-
mime, ''invented" by John Fawcett ;
the lyrics written by T. Dibdin ; the music
composed by Davy and Mountain ; and the
whole first performed at Covent Garden on
April 5, 1802, with H. Johnston as the hero,
"Brazen Mask" is the name of a robber
chief, who turns out to be a Baron.
Brazencourt, in Fielding's 'Coffee-
House Politicians ' {q.v.).
Brazilian (The). A comic opera in
three acts, music by M. Chassaigne, words
by Max Pemberton and W. Lestocq, pro-
duced (for copyright purposes) at the Theatre
Royal, Newcastle-on-Tyne, on April 19, 1890.
Brazzo, Michael. "The Italian
father" in W, Dunlap's comedy of that
name {q.v.) ; he is the father of Astrabel
(q.v.).
Breach of Promise (A). (1) A comic
drama in two acts, adapted by T. W. Robert-
son (q.v.) from ' Les Amours de Cleopatre,'
and first performed at the Globe Theatre,
London, on April 10, 1869, with Miss Maggie
Brennan as Miss Honor Molloy, and other
parts by J. Clarke, E. Marshall, David
Fisher, and Miss Rose Behrend. (2) A
farcical comedy adapted from the French of
A. Duruy and St. A. Choler, Theatre Royal,
Walsall, April 7, 1884. (3) A comedietta in
one act, by Mabel Freund-Lloyd, Op^ra
Coraique Theatre, London, December 1,
1891.
Breach of Promise of Marriage
(The). A comedy, adapted from Scribe's
'La Chaine' {q.v.), and produced at the
Adelphi Theatre, London, in February, 1842,
with Yates, Wilkinson, Lyon, Wright, Miss
E. Chaplin, and Mrs. Yates. See Silken
Fetters.
Bread-Winner (The). (1) A play by
Paul Merritt {q.v.) and Henry Petitt
{q.v.). (2) A play of modern English life, in
three acts, by Alfred C. Calmour, first
performed at the Avenue Theatre, London,
March 26, 1892, with a cast including A.
Elwood, C. W. Garthorne, F. A. Everill,
Lewis Waller, Miss Alma Murray, INIiss L,
Linden, Mrs. Canninge, and Miss Olga
Brandon. See Jean Fortier,
Break, hut not Bend. A drama in
three acts, byC. H. Hazlewood, Britannia
Theatre, London, October 2, 1867.
Breakers Ahead; or, A Seaman's
IjOg-. A nautical drama in three acts, by
J. T. Haines {q.v.), first performed at the
Victoria Theatre, London, on April 10, 1837,
— ' Breakers ; or, A Summer at Cape May :'
a play performed at the Bowery, New York,
in 1872.
Breaking- a Butterfly. A play in
three acts, by H. A. Jones {q.v.) and H.
Herman {q.v.), founded on Ibsen's 'Doll's
House' {q.v.), and first performed at the
Prince's Theatre, London, on March 3, 1884,
with Miss Alice Lingard as Flora Goddard
(Nora Helmer), Miss Helen Matthews as
Agnes Goddard, Mrs. Leigh ISIurray as Mrs.
Goddard, Kyrle Bellew as Humphrey God-
dard (Torvald Helmer), H. Beerbohm Tree
as Philip Dunkley (Nils Krogstad), J.
Maclean as Martin Grittle, and G. W.
Anson as Dayi Bradbury. In this adapta-
tion Humphrey (an elderly man) takes upon
himself the guilt of the forgery committed
by his young wife Flora, and a happy
ending is arrived at by a friend abstract-
ing from Dunkley's desk the incriminating
document. Dunkley is represented as hav-
ing been an unsuccessful lover of Flora.
See the article by W. Archer in the Theatre
magazine for April, 1884.
Breaking- the Ice. An operetta in one
act, libretto by Charles Thomas (g.w.).
BREAKING THE NEWS
BRERETON
music by Harriet Young (q.v.), first per-
formed at the Royal Pavilion, Brighton,
November 25, 1878 ; played as a comedietta
at the Court Theatre, London, November,
1885 ; since re-christened ' The Holly
Branch.'
Breaking the News. A comedietta
in one act, by A. M. Heathcote, Brompton
Hospital, March 14, 1893.
Breaking .the Spell. An adaptation,
by H B Farnie, of Offenbach's operetta,
♦Le Violonneux,' produced at the Lyceum
Theatre, London, on May 2. 1870, with Miss
Dolaro and Aynsley Cook in the cast;
Garrick Theatre, April, 1904.
Breakwindow, Bobby, is " the New
Footman " in C. Selby's farce of that name
(q.v.).
Breezly, Gale. See Gale Breezly.
Breezy, Lady, in Wills's ' Ellen ' (q.v.).
Breezy Morning: (A). A comedietta
in one act, by E. Philpots ; Grand Theatre,
Leeds, April 27, 1891; Comedy Theatre,
London, December, 8, 1891.
Breitmann, Leopold Hans. A cha-
racter in Straciian's ' Cceur de Lion (q.v.).
Brennan, Magrg-ie. Actress; made
her London dt^nit at the Globe Theatre in
November, 1868, as the original Hon. Fred
Titeboy in 'Cyril's Success' (q.v.). She
afterwards sustained the following (and
other) original r6les: — Keemo-Kimo m
'Brown and the Brahmins ' (ISfiO), the Earl
of Eden in ' Formosa ' (1869), Mi><s Spinn in
'Randall's Thumb ' (1871), Peter in ' Crea-
tures of Impulse' (1871), Edith RicJcetts in
• Coals of Fire ' (1871), Guy Warrington in
•On Guard' (1872), Lusette in 'Broken
SpeUs' (187-2), Mrs. Scniby in 'The Realms
of Joy ' (1873), 3Irs. Blythe in ' Archie Lovell
(1874) Mrs. Percival in 'Bow Bells' (18S0),
Mrs Popsy in ' Popsy Wopsy ' (ISSO), -Benzo-
line in ' Don Juan Junior ' (1880), etc. She
played Volante in ' The Honeymoon at the
Royalty in 1873, Oriana in ' The Inconstant
at the Aquarium in 1877, and 3Iiss Far-
minter in ' The Vagabond ' (1878).
Brennan, Maude. Actress, born 1855 ;
made her professional debut at Brighton
in 1871, and her first London appearance
in 1876 She was in the original cast of
the following plays:— 'Gretchen' (1879),
'Moths' (1882), 'The Harbour Lights
(1885), 'Baby' (1888), ' My Brother s Sister
(1888) 'The Sixth Commandment (1890),
•The Primrose Path' (1892), etc. She also
played the Countess Lucretia in the per-
formance of 'The Cenci' at the Grand,
Islington, in May, 1886.
Brennoralt ; or, The Discontented
Colonel. A tragedy in five acts, by bir
John Suckling (g.f.), acted at "the private
house. Black Fryars," first printed in 1646,
and revived at the Theatre Royal in 16^8.
Internal evidence proves it to have been
written about the time of the Scotch rebel-
lion in 1639. The scene is laid in Poland.
Brennoralt, loyal, though " discontentec
is the rival of Almerin, a rebel, for the lo
of Francelia, the daughter of another reb'
J'raHCcZia conceives a passion for Iphiger.
a girl masquerading as a man. Abmri
in jealousy, wounds both. Franceha die
and Brennoralt kills both Iphijene ai
Almerin.
Brent, Charlotte [Mrs. Pinto]. "V^
calist and actress, died April, 1802; t
daughter of a fencing-master and al
singer, and a pupil of Dr. Arne ; first sa
publicly at a concert in 1758, and made I
stage d(^but atCovent Garden in the foUowi
year as Polly in ' The Beggar's Opera.' S
continued to appear at this theatre i
1770, and in the interval was the origii
representative of Sally in 'Thomas a:
Sally' (1760), Mandane in ' Artaxerx(
(1762), Rosetta in ' Love in a Village ' (176
Flirtilla in 'The Guardian Outwitted' (17(
and Patty in ' The Maid of the Mill' (I7e;
Among other parts in which she figui
were Sabrina in ' Comus,' the Fine Lady
' Lethe,' Margery in ' The Dragon of Wa
ley,' Biddy in ' Miss in Her Teens, Lo-
Lucy in ' the Accomplished Maid,' and 1]
heroine of 'Rosamund' (1767). After 1;
she confined herself mainly to the cone,
platform. She had married in 1766. I,
last appearance on the boards was ai
benefit performance at Covent Garden
1784. See Genest's ' English Stage' (IS;
and ' The Thespian Dictionary ' (1805).
Brent, Daisy. The heroine of Me
vale's ' Cynic' (g.r.).
Brereton, Austin. Author and jo ;
nalist ; has published ' Henry Irving :
Biographical Sketch ' (1SS3), ' Some Fam(
Hamlets ' (1S?54), ' Shake.sperean Scenesa^
Characters ' (18b6), ' The Lyceum and He: '
Irving ' (1903), etc. He edited the ann
issues of ' Dramatic Notes ' from 1681 to IE
Brereton, Stella. ^Actress ; appeal
in the original casts of ' LnderTwoReig
(1879), 'Poor Relations' (1879) ' Alive
Dead ' (1880), ' Delilah ' (1880), ' The Squ: .
(1881), • Tares ' (1888), etc.
Brereton, Thomas, playwright (I
1691, died 1722), published 'Esther,
Faith Triumphant, a Sacred Tragedj
Rhyme, translated with improvements f
Racine ' (1715), and ' Sir John Oldcastlt
Love and Zeal, a Tragedy,' based on (
neille's 'Polyeucte' (1717).
Brereton, William. Actor, 1
1741, died 1787 ; son of a military otfi
and 'a pupil of Garrick; made his s
debut at Drury Lane in 1768 as Doiig
" was for many years," says Genest, 1:
more than a walking gentleman— one de,
better than Cautherley. Latterly I
Siddons inspired him, and he acted bett
He went to Dublin in 1785, " when a raal;
not easily accounted for, impeded his
formances, and deprived him of his fa
ties " (' Thespian Dictionary,' 1805). A
BREWER
203
BRIDE OF LAMMERMOOR
r.*l
:';i (
his death, his wife (Priscilla Hopkins) mar-
ried John Kemble (.q.v.).
Brewer, Antony, was the author of
'The Love-Sick King (q.v.), an English
Tragical History, with the Life and Death
' of Cartesmunda, the Fair Nun of Win-
chester,' printed in 1655. See Langbaine's
* English Dramatic Poets ' (1691), ' Biogra-
phia Dramatica ' (1812), and Halliwell's
'Dictionary of Old Plays' (1860). Also,
Country Girl, The; and Lingua.
Brewer, Georgre. Author of ' How to
be Happy,' a comedy (1794), and ' Bannian
Day,' a musical entertainment (1796).
j Brewer of Preston (The) ; or, Malt
I and Hops. A comic drama in one act, by
. T. H. Reynoldson (q.v.), first performed
at the Surrey Theatre. (2) ' The Brewer of
Preston : ' a musical farce. Theatre Royal,
Preston, January 24, 1876.
Brian Boroilime ; or. The Maid
of Erin. A drama in three acts, by J.
Sheridan Knowles (q.v.), founded on a
story by D. O'Meara, and first performed at
Belfast about 1810, with Edmund Kean as
Brian and Knowles as Voltimer. Curtailed
and altered, it was revived at Covent Garden
on April 20, 1837, with Knowles as the hero,
Vandenhoff as Voltimer, G. Bennett as
Tormagnus, Miss H. Faucit as JSrina, and
Mrs. W. West as Elgitha.
Brian Boru. An opera, libretto by
Stanislaus Stange, music by Julian Ed-
wards (q.v.), first produced at the Academy
of Music, Baltimore, U.S.A., October 12,
1896 ; first performed in New York City, at
the Broadway Theatre, October 19, 1896.
See Boru, Brian.
Briar, Adam. " Old Trusty," in W.
Gordon's comic drama of that name.
Briars and Blossoms. A drama in
three acts, by C. H. Hazlewood (q.v.),
Britannia Theatre, London, December 3,
1873.
Bribery Brothers, in Maltby's ' Your
Vote and Interest.'
Bribery on Both Sides. A farce
acted at Covent Garden on May 4, 1784.
Bricabrac, Horatius Codes, in Tom
Taylor's ' Payable on Demand ' (q.v.).
Bric-a-brac Will (The). A comic
opera, written by S. J. Adair Fitz-Gerald
and Hugh Moss, composed by Emilio Pizzi,
and first produced at the Lyric Theatre,
London, on October 28, 1895, with a cast
including C. Conyers, F. H. Celli, H. Brock-
bank, J. J. Dallas, E. W. Royce, F. Wyatt,
Miss Kate Drew, Miss Fanny Marriott, and
Miss Susie Vaughan.
Bridal (The). See Maid's Tragedy.
Bridal Ring- (The). A dramatic
romance in two acts, by Frederick
Reynolds (q.v.), the music by Condell ;
first performed at Covent Garden on October
16, 1810.
Bridal Tonr (A). A comedy in three
acts, by DiON Boucicault (q.v.), first per-
formed at the Haymarket Theatre, London
on August 2, ISSO, with a cast including
Mrs. John Wood, Mrs. Alfred Mellon, Miss
Gerard, Miss Winifred Emery, Miss Edith
Bruce, H. B. Conway, J. G. Grahame, H.
Howe, and H. Beckett.
Bridal Trap (The). An adaptation by
Sydney Rosenfeld (q.v.) of Audran's 'Le
Serment d' Amour,' performed at the Bijou
Theatre, New York, in Mav, 1886, with a
cast including F. Gaillard,' Roland Reed,
Miss Laura Clements, and Miss Augusta
Roche. See Crowing Hen.
Bridal Trip (A). A farce by JAMr:s
IMORTIMER, Theatre Royal, Brighton, March
6, 1876.
Bridal "Wreath (The). A romantic
drama in two acts, by C. H. Eazlewood
(q.v.), first performed at the City of London
Theatre in 1861.
Bridals. A comedy by the Duchess of
Newcastle (q.v.), published among her
' Works ' in 1668.
Bride (The). A comedy by Thomas
Nabbes (q.v.), performed at Drury Lane in
1638, and printed in 1640. Goodlove courts
the Bride for his son Theophilus, but The-
ophilns, ignorant of this good intention, and
instigated by his cousin and enemy, Ra ven,
runs off with the lady on the wedding-day.
See Fashionable Lover, The.
Bride Elect (The). A play, with
music by J. P. Sousa, U.S.A., 1897.
Bride, Miss. Dancer and actress ;
played Lucia in ' Cato ' at Drury Lane. She
IS mentioned by Churchill in ' The Rosciad.'
Bride of Abydos (The). A romantic
drama in three acts, founded by William
DiMOND (q.v.) upon Byron's poem, and first
performed at Drury Lane on February 5,
ISIS, with Kean as Selim and IMrs. Mardyn
as Zulieka ; revived at Belfast in 1836 with
G. V. Brooke as Selim, and at Sheffield in
1840 Avith T. H. Lacy as Selim. The same
story was made the subject of (2) a burlesque
by H. J. Byron, entitled 'The Bride of
Abydos ; or, The Prince, the Pirate, and the
Pearl,' and first performed with H. J. Turner
as Giaffir, Miss Swanborough as Selim, C.
Young as Mirza, Miss M. Oliver as Zulieka,
and Miss M. Ternan as Zobeide.
Bride of Aldg-ate (The). A play by
G. DiBDiN Pitt.
Bride of Death (The). A play by
Robert W. Ewikq, produced in America.
Bride of Lammermoor (The). There
have been several dramatizations of Sir
Walter Scott's famous story : (1) ' The Bride
of Lammermoor : ' a drama in five acts,
by J. W. Calcraft (q.v.), first performed
at Edinburgh on INIay 1, 1822, with the
author as Edgar of Ravensivood, Murray as
Craigengelt, Andrew Jones as Hayston of
Bucklaw, jNIackay as Caleb Balderstone, Mr.s.
BRIDE OF LOVE
BRIDGES
II. .Siddons as Lucy Ashton, Mrs. Renaud as
Alice Gray, Miss Murray as Henry Ashton,
etc.; revived at the Mary lebone "Theatre,
London, in 1848, with E. L. Davenport and
Mrs. MoAvatt in the principal parts. (2)
' The Mermaideu's Will ' (q.v.) (1S2S). (3)
'The Master of Ravenswood' (q.v.), by J.
Palgrave Simpson (1S65). (4) ' Ravens-
wood' (q.v.), by H. C. Meiuvale (1S9U).
George Almar based a drama on the novel,
of which there was also an American ver-
sion called ' Brother and Bride ' (q.v.). A
French version, entitled 'La Fiancee de
Lammermoor,' by Victor Ducange, was
produced at the Porte St. Martin, Paris,
in jMarch, 1828, with Frederic Lemaitre as
Edgar and ]\Idme. Allan Dorval as Lucy.
See Lucia di Lammermoor.
Eride of Love (The). A play in four
acts and in verse, by Robert Buchanan
(q.v.), founded on the legend of Eros and
Psyche, and first performed at the Adelphi
Theatre, London, on May 21, 1890, with
T. B. Thalberg as Eros, INIiss Harriett Jay
as Psyche, Miss Ada Cavendish as Aphrodite,
and other parts by Miss C. Jecks, Miss
Letty Lind, Miss Frances Ivor, Miss Ada
Ferrar, :Miss B. Ferrar, Lionel Rignold,
Bassett Roe, Leonard Outram, C. M.
Hallard, etc. ; revived at the Lyric Theatre
on June 9, with Jliss L. Linden instead of
Miss Jecks, E. Hendrie in lieu of L. Rignold,
and Miss Luna in place of Miss Lind.
Bride of Ludg-ate (The). A comic
drama in two acts, by Douglas Jerrold
(q.v.), first performed at Drurv Lane on De-
cember S, 1831, Avith J. Russell n'^ Shekel, H.
AVallack as Mapleton, Miss Phillips as Me-
lissa, Mrs. Orger as Ruth, Wallack as Charles
II., Brindal as Sir Charles Sedley, Harley as
Doeskin, and Cooper as Captain Mouth.
Shekel is an old money-lender of Ludgate,
engaged to Melissa, but she has already
given her heart to young Mapleton, who has
had flirtations with Ruth, Shekel's servant-
maid. This last fact leads to complications,
and others are engendered by the interposi-
tion in the plot of the King and Sedley in
disguise. In the end Melissa and Mapleion
are united. Doeskin is Shekel's serving-man,
and Mouth a bombastic braggart.
Bride of Messina (The). An opera
in three acts, libretto (adapted from Schiller)
by H. IMiJLLER, music by J. H. Bonawitz ;
Portman Rooms, Baker Street, London,
April 23, 1SS7.
Bride of Song- (The). An operetta in
one act, Avords by H. B. Farnie (q.v.), music
by Sir Julius Benedict ; Coveut Garden,
December 3, 1864.
Bride of Venice (The). See Queen
OF Cyprus.
Bride of the Isle (The). See Vam-
pire, The.
Bride of the Wave (The\ A drama
in three acts, bv "W. Travers, Ncav East
London Theatre," October 12, 1S67.
Bride Roses. A play bv W. D
Howeli.s, first performed at Daly's The
atre, New York, on the afternoon of Marcl
5, 1894.
Bride's Death Sleep (The). Adrami
in three acts, by C. H. Hazlewood, City o
London Theatre, July 4, 1868.
Bride's Journey (The): or, Th(
Seven Escapes of Adelaide of Dres
den. A play produced at the Chathat
Theatre, New York, in August, 1845.
Brideg-room (The). AplaybyCHARLE
Klein (q.v.), produced in U.S.A.
Brides of Garryowen (The). Se
Colleen Bawn, The.
Brides of Venice (The). An opera i :
two acts, music by Sir Julius Benedict
Drury Lane, April 22, 1844.
Bridg-e of Notre Dame (The); oi,
The Parricide's Curse. A drama i,
three acts, by E. Neeves Hudson, first pe;.
formed at the Surrey Tlieitre, London, o
April, 1847, with II. Webb, Mrs. H. Vinin{
Miss E. Terrey, etc., in the cast.
Bridge of Sighs (The). An oper;
bouffe in three acts, adapted from ' Le Per'
des Soupirs ' (Bouffes Parisiennes), music b-
Offenbach, English libretto by H. S. Leigh!
produced at the St. James's Tlieatre, Loi
don, on November 18, 1872, Avith E. Rosei:
thai as Doge of Venice, Miss August'
Thomson as Catarina, his wife, F. H. Cel'
as Malatromba, Miss Annie Beauclerc i
Amoroso, etc. See Bravo, The. ]
Bridge that carries us Safe ov<
(The). A dramatic sketch in one act, l'
R. B. Peake (q.v.), first performed at tt
Lyceum Theatre on June 18, 1817.
Bridgeman, John V. Playwrig:
and miscellaneous Avriter ; was the auth
of the following farces : — ' A Good Ri
for It,' 'I've Eaten my Friend,' 'Mat:
monial — a Gentleman, etc.,' 'The Rifl
and hoAv to Use It,' 'The Telegram,' ai
'Where's Your Wife?' as well as of
pantomime called 'Bluebeard' (1860). I
also Avrote the libretti of 'The Puritai'
Daughter ' (1861) and ' The Armourer
Nantes' (1863), besides translating 'T.
Black Doctor' (1846) from the French
Bourgeois and Dumanoir, and ' Sunny Vs.
Farm ' (1864) from the German of Mosenth:
With H. Sutherland EdAvards he was (,
author of ' Little Red Riding Hood ' (Cove
Garden, 1858-9).
Bridgemore. The name of a family
father, mother, and daughter — in Cumbe
land's 'Fashionable Lover' (q.v.).
Bridgenorth, Alice and Major. S
England in the Days of Charles II.; a
Peveril of the Peak.
Bridges, Kohert. Born 1844 ; autfc,
of the folloAving (unacted) verse-plays
' Achilles in Scyros,' ' The Christian d
tives,' ' The Feast of Bacchus,' ' T
Ilumours of the Court,' 'Nero,' 'Palici
I
BRIDGES
205
BRIGARD
' The Return of Ulysses ; ' also, of the
libretto of ' Eden,' an oratorio (music by
C. Villiers Stanford). See the Fortnightly
Meview for June, 1894.
Bridgres, Thomas. Playwright and
miscellaneous writer ; author of ' Dido,'
a comic opera (1771), and ' The Dutchman,'
a musical entertainment (1775).
Bridget O'Brien, Esq. See Fun on
THE Beistol.
Bridg-e-water. Actor, died August,
1754 ; joined the company at Drury Lane in
1723, and went to Covent Garden in 1734-5,
Among his roles were Henry VI., Hubert,
Ventidius, Tamerlane, and Strictland in
'The Suspicious Husband' (g.u), of which
last he was the first representative.
Bridg-man, Cunning-ham. Dramatic
writer ; author of ' Shipmates ' (1873), 'Art'
(1874), libretto of ' Lovers' Knots ' (ISSO),
' Satisfaction ' (1880), libretto of ' Quid pro
Quo' (1881), 'Under Cover,' an adaptation
(1886), ' Mischief ' (1886), libretto of ' Love's
Trickery' (1889), libretto of 'He Stoops to
Win' (1892); also, co-author with I]. L.
Blanchard of the libretto of ' Carina ' (1889).
Brief, Mr. A lawyer in J. Courtney's
'Deeds, not Words' {q.vX (2) Sir Ben-
jamin Brief is a character in Miles's ' Arti-
fice' (g.v.).
Briefless. A young barrister in R. B.
Peake's 'The Middle Temple' {q.v.).
Briefwit, in T. J. Allingham's
* Weathercock ' {q.v.). (2) A "modern man
of law" in J. E. Carpenter's 'Law and
Honour' {q.v.).
Brier Cliff. A play by George P.
Morris (g. I'.), first performed at the Chat-
ham Street Theatre, New York, and often
revived.
Brierly, Bob, in Tom Taylor's • Ticket-
of-Leave Man' {q.v.), is in love with and
marries May Fielding. He reappears, with
May, in C. S. Cheltnam's ' Ticket-of-Leave
Man's Wife' {q.v.).
Brigand (The). (1) A drama in two
acts, by J. R. Planchj^ {q-v.), produced at
Drury Lane Theatre, London, in Novem-
ber, 1829, with James Wallack as the
hero, Alessandro Mazzaroni, in which cha-
racter he sang the popular song of ' Gentle
Zitella,' Paul Bedford as Ruhaldo, W. Farren
as Prince Bianchi, H. Wallack as Albert,
J. Vining as Theodore, B. Webster as Nicolo,
Miss Faucit asOttavia, and :Mrs. Barrymore
as Maria Grazie. Planche introduced into
this play three tableaux from Eastlake's
well-known pictures, 'An Italian Brigand
Chief reposing,' 'The Wife of a Brigand
Chief watching the Result of a Battle,' and
'The Dying Brigand.' 'The Brigand' was
afterwards performed at certain of the
minor theatres— at the Surrey, with T. P.
Cooke as Mazzaroni; at Sadler's Wells,
•with G. Almar ; at the Coburg, with Cob-
ham ; and at the Garrick, Avith Freer. It
was burlesqued by Gilbert i Beckett
under the title of (2) 'The Brigand; or,
New Lines to aa old Ban Ditty,' a piece first
performed at the Haymarket Theatre, Lon-
don, December 24, 1867, with Compton as
Massaroni, IMiss lone Burke as Marie, W.
H. Kendal as Albert, Miss Fanny Wright as
Theodore, W. Rogers as Bianchi, Braid as
Rubaldo, etc.— 'The Brigand' forms the
foundation of an opera called 'Massaroni,'
written by F. L. Moretox, composed by
F. Bucalossi, and performed at the Leinster
Hall, Dublin, January 23, 1894.
Brigand and his Banker (The).
A play by Tom J'aylor (f/.v.), founded on
' Le Roi des Montagues ' of Edmond About,
and first performed at the Lyceum Theatre,
London, in October, 1860, with a cast in-
cluding Mdme. Celeste, Mrs. Keeley, Miss
M. Ternan, G. Vining, etc.
Brigands (Les). An opera -bouffe,
music by Offenbach, libretto by Meilhac
and Halevy ; adapted to the English stage
under the title of 'Falsacappa' {q.v.) and
' The Brigands ' {q.v.).
Brigands (The). (1) An operabouffe
in three acts, music by Offenbach, libretto
by H. S. Leigh, founded on ' Les Brigands '
{q.v.), and produced at the Globe Theatre,
London, on September 13, 1875, Avith Barri
as Falsaca2)pa, Mdlle. Camille Dubois as
Fragoletto, 'MdUe. Fanchitaas Fiorella, Miss
Julia Vokins as the Princess of Granada, and
Miss Nelly Bromley as the Prince of Popoli.
This piece was first brought out in London
in 1871, under the title of ' Falsacappa '
{q.v.). (2) An opera-bouffe in three acts,
music by Offenbach (from ' Les Brigands,'
as above), libretto by W^ S. Gilbert ; pro-
duced at Palmer's Theatre, New York,
May 9, 1889, with Miss Lilian Russell as
Fiorella, Miss Fanny Rice as Fragoletto,
Edwin Stevens as Falsacappa, and Fred
Solomon as Pietro ; at the Avenue Theatre,
London, on September 16, 1889, with Hallara
]\Iostyn as Falsacappa, H. Lingard as Pietro,
Frank Wensley as Fragoletto, Mdlle. Agnes
Delaporte as Fiorella, Miss Marie Luella as
Princess of Granada, and other parts by
S. Wilkinson, G. Honey, R. Morand, etc.
Falsacapim is the chief of a band of Italian
brigands ; Fiorella is his daughter, Pietro
his "right hand." Fragoletto is a young
farmer, loving and beloved by Fiorella. The
Princess of Granada is a captive of the
brigands.
Brigands in the Bud. A farce in two
acts, by T. Mildenhall, first performed at
the Olympic Theatre, London, in January,
1849, with a cast including Mrs. Stirling
as the captain of the brigands (disguised
students of Upsala), Compton, H. J. Turner,
etc.
Brigands of Calahria (The). A
romantic drama in one act.
Brigard. Father of Gilherte and Louise,
in Meilhac and Hal^vy's 'Frou-Frou'
{q.v.).
BRIGGS
206
BRIGHTON
Brig-ffs. (1) Bartholomew, Barnahy,
Lucretia, Wilhelrnina, and Mrs. Bartholomew
Brians are characters in J. M. MORTON s
•Webster's Royal Red Book; (t-^-)- (2)
Polly Brirjfjs is a character in DOUGLAS
Jerrold's 'Rent Day' (?•"•)•
Bright, Mrs. Aug-ustus. pramatic
writer! author of 'Not False but Fickle'
(1878) 'Noblesse Oblige' (1878), 'Bracken
Hollow ' (1878), 'Dane's Dyke' (1881).
Bright, Joe and Honor. A fireman
and hil sister in W. GORDON'S ' Through
Fire and Water ' iq.v.).
Bright Future (The). A domestic
drama in four acts, by Sefton Parry, pro-
duced at the Grand Theatre, Islington, on
August 4, 1883.
Bright Idea (A). A musical sketch,
libretto by Arthur Law, music by Arthur
Cecil ; St. George's Hall, London, May 30,
1881.
Brighteye. The princess in J. King-
dom's 'Three Princes' {q.v.).
Brighton (Sussex). The theatrical his-
tory of Brighton begins with 1764, in which
vear Charles Johnson, the manager of a
Chichester playhouse, hired a big barn and
so enlarged it as to make it capable of hold-
ing a hundred persons. Here he gave on
November 7 the first of a series of occasional
performances, the last of which took place
in 1770. The first regular theatre in Brighton
was built in North Street by Samuel Paine,
a bricklayer, in 1774 ; the population of the
place, says H. C. Porter, did not then ex-
ceed two thousand. The walls of the build-
ing were of brick, and the interior was
lighted by oil. The first lessee was Roger
Johnstone, a property man from Covent
Garden, and he opened on August 30 with
' The Jealous Wife,' Tate Wilkinson con-
tributing a hornpipe. The second lessee
also came from Covent Garden— Joseph
Fox, a tavern-keeper, whose rule began in
1777, lasting till 1788, when, owing to a
dispute between Fox and Paine about pecu-
niary matters, the former left the North
Street house, and became lessee of a theatre
which had been erected in Duke Street,
and to which the North Street licence was
transferred. The new building was opened
on July 13, 1790, and continued to provide
Brighton with dramatic entertainment until
November 1, 1807, being, during that period,
under the successive managements of John
Palmer, Wild, Hull, Charles Diddear, John
Brunton (g.v.), of Norwich, and others. On
June 27, 1807, Brunton opened a theatre
which had been built in the New Road, at
a cost of £12,000 (^including scenery and
wardrobe), and to accommodate twelve
hundred spectators. As lessee he had many
successors, of whom the more notable were
his son John (1819-20), James Russell (1822-
30), Fred. Vining (1S31-3S), J. F. Savile
(1841-44), Henry Farren (1852-53), and Henry
Nye-Chart {q-v.) (1854), who, in May,
1866, purchased the theatre, which he de
cided to rebuild. The new house, designee
by C. J. Pnipps, was erected on the site oi
the old one, whose walls and frontage wen
retained. The cost was £4000, and the
theatre was opened on October 15, 1866
Ten years later, on the death of H. N
Chart, his wife {q.v.), a popular actress
undertook the management, which she re
tained till her own demise. The presen'
director (1904) is H. Cecil Beryl. Th»
Brighton Theatres Royal have from th(
beginning been visited by all the leading
"stars" of the profession, and their sue
cessive "stock companies" have includec
numbers of players who afterwards mad«
their mark in more important spheres. H
C. Porter, in his ' History of the Theatre
of Brighton' (1886), from which most o
the above facts 'are derived, says that th
first morning performance ever given u
Brighton took place on August 17, 1786
when Morris (uncle of Edmund) Kean gav
his " Attic Entertainment ; " the firs
"Christmas pantomime" was brought ou
in January, 1823.— The other theatres i;.
Brighton are the Eden, the Gaiety, an'
the Aquarium.
Brighton. A comedy, adapted by I
A. Marshall {q.v.) from the 'Saratoga
iq.v.) of Bronson Howard {q.v.), and firs
performed at the Court Theatre, London, o
May 25, 1S74, with Charles Wyndham a
Bob Sackett, W. J. Hill as Va7ider2mmi
Clifford Cooper as William Carter, Alfre
Bishop as Sir Louis Park, Edgar Bruce a
Jack Benedict, C Steyne as Columbus Brah
D. Stone as Fred Carter, Miss Rose Ega
as Mrs. Carter, Miss Sylvia Hodson as B^i
Remington, Miss Kate Phillips as Virgini
Vanderjmmp, Miss Marie de Grey as Mr.
Alston, and Mrs. Clifford Cooper as Mr.
Vanderpump ; revived at the Haymarket i
June, 1875, with C. Wyndham, W. J. Hil
E. Bruce, C. Cooper, Miss Rose Egan, an
Mrs. C. Cooper as before, with Miss Paulin
Markham as Mrs. Alston ; at the OljTnpic i
January, 1880, with C. Wyndham, E. Righto
{Vanderpump), J. G. Grahame {Jack). I,
Fisher, jun., J. Maclean {Carter, sen.), W. },
Penley, Miss Rose Saker {Effi.e), Miss Edit
Bruce {Mrs. Alston), Miss Amalia, and Mr
Leigh in the cast ; at the Criterion i
October, 1881, with C. Wyndham, V-
Blakeley, G. Giddens, H. Standing, 1'
Sothern, H. H. Astley, W. H. Day, A. J,
Denison, Miss R. Saker, Miss M. Rork
Miss K. Rorke, and Miss F. Chalgrove; i.
the Criterion in April, 1884, with C. Wyn.
ham, W. Blakelev, W. Draycott. H. Sake
G. Giddens, H. H. Astley, H. R. Teesdal.
]\Iiss Norreys {Mrs. Carter), Miss R. Sake ,
Miss K. Rorke, Miss Chalgrove, and Mr
E. Phelps ; at the Criterion in Decembe
lv91, with C. Wyndham, W. Blakeley, "N
Everard, S. Valentine (ir. Carter), Miss J
Ansell {Miss Vanderpump), Miss C. Ewe'
Miss S. Carlisle, Miss Granville, and Mi
M. Moore {Ejfie). The comedy was playji
in the United States in 13S2-3 by Charl'
Wyndham and his company.
BRIGHTWELL
207
BRISTOL
Brigrhtwell, Robert. The beggar in
G. D. Pitt's 'Beggar's Petition' {q.v.).
Brilliant. (1) Sir Philip Brilliant
figures in Knowles's 'Old Maids' (q.v.).
(2) Sir Frank a,nd Lady Brilliant figure in
E. Stirling's 'Woman's the Devil' (,q.v.\
(3) Prince Brilliant is a character in F. W.
Green's ' Cherry and Fair Star.'
Brilliants (The). An interlude pro-
duced at Covent Garden on June 7, 1799.
Brilliants, The Queen of. See
Queen of Brilliants.
Brimstone, Colonel (of the Indian
Service). A character in H. T. Hopkins
and G. Murray's • Nice Quiet Day.'
Brindal. An actor, among whose " ori-
ginal " parts may be named Colonel Arnsdorf
in Planche's 'Green-Eyed Monster' (Hay-
market, 1828), and Sir Charles Sedley in D.
Jerrold's ' Bride of Ludgate ' (Drury Lane,
1831). Planche, in his ' Recollections and Re-
flections,' tells the following story of Brindal
and Mrs. Nisbett Cthe date, apparently,
being 1846-7, and the scene the Haymarket
Theatre): "We were sitting in the Green
Room one evening during the performance,
chatting and laughing, she having a book
in her hand which she had to take on the
stage with her in the next scene, when
Brindal, a useful member of the company,
but not particularly remarkable for wit or
liumourj came to the door, and leaning
against it, in a sentimental manner, drawled
out—
' If to her share some female errors fall,
Look in her face '
He paused. She raised her beautiful eyes
to him, and consciously smiled— Aer smile-
in anticipation of the well-known compli-
mentary termination of the couplet, when,
with a deep sigh, he gravely added—
' And you believe them all ! ' "
Bring-ing- Home the Bride. A play
by W. T. MONCRiEFF, adapted from 'Le
Voyage d'une Mariee,' and produced in 1838.
Brinkworth, Arnold, in Wilkie
CoLLlNS's 'Man and AVife ' {q.v.').
Brioche. A pastrycook in Selby's
' Husband of my Heart ' (q.v.).
Brisebarre and Nus, MM. See
Streets of London, The.
Brisemouche. The naturalist in J.
Palgrave Simpson's ' Scrap of Paper ' (q.v.).
The name of this character was afterwards
altered to Penguin (q.v.).
Brisk. (1) A vain fop in Congreve's
' Double Dealer ' (q.v.). There is (2) a Tom
Brisk in G. Godwin jun.'s ' Last Day,' and
(3) a Bnsk figures in A. L. Campbell's
' Gambler's Life in London.'
Brisket. A waiter in Albery's 'Pink
Dominos ' (q.v.).
Bristle. A watchman in Ben Jonson's
' Bartholomew Fair ' (q.v.). (2) Toby and
Blondel Bristle are uncle and nephew in
Edward and J. M. Morton's 'Railroad
Trip' (g. v.).
Bristles. A travelling painter, after-
wards a London artist, in Bayle Bernard's
' Farmer's Story ' (q.v.). (2) Barnahy Bnstles
is "The Cobbler of Cripplegate" in G.
Dance's 'Lucky Stars' (q.v.). (3) Becky
Bristles figures in C. Z. Barnett'S ' Loss of
the Royal George' (q.v.).
Bristol (Gloucestershire). The first re-
ference in the local records of Bristol to
professional stage representations belongs
to 1530. " Stage plays," we are told, "were
at this period performed at the cost of the
magistrates ; they had grown out of the
miracle plays of the clergy, and, there being
no proper theatre, they were performed at
the GuUdhall " (' Bristol Past and Present,'
1881). "Between Michaelmas, 1577, and
the same season, 1578, the Earl of Leicester's
players here performed before the mayor
and aldermen. Shortly after we find Lord
Berkeley's, Lord Charles Howard's and
Lord Sheflfield's, and the Earl of Sussex's,
or the Lord Chamberlain's respective com-
panies here acting before the same civic
dignitaries. . . . The last of these com-
panies is that to which Shakespeare became
attached about the year 1587, and it seems
more than probable that he may have per-
formed at the Guildhall. ... In 1593,
Edward Alleyne played with the company
of Lord Strange at Bristol " (Taylor's ' Book
About Bristol '). We read that in 1614 no
stage players were allowed to play at Bristol
at St. James's fair, on account of the plague
which was raging in Wales. In January,
1704, Queen Anne, in answer to a present-
ment of the Grand Jury of Bristol, "decreed
an order for the regulation of playhouses,
prohibiting them to act anything contrary
to religion and good manners. The acting
of plays in Bristol was prohibited, and
the theatre in Tucker Street was purchased
by the Presbyterians and converted into a
nieeting-house " ('Bristol Past and Present ').
Four years later another grand jury pro-
secuted " Mr. Power and his company for
acting stage plays M-ithin the liberties of
the city." In addition to the theatre in
Tucker Street, there appear to have been
"temples of the drama" in Stoke's Croft
and in St. Augustine's Place. "Driven,"
however, from these places "by the by-
laws," the drama took refuge in a theatre
built by John Hippisley (q.v.) at Jacob's
Well— at the foot of Brandon Hill, on the
north-west side of Bristol. It is at this point
that Richard Jenkins begins his ' Memoirs
of the Bristol Stage,' which memoirs he pro-
fesses to bring down to 1826. Hippisley,
he tells us, " annually brought down to his
theatre a very respectable company, col-
lected from the London houses, who played
here during the summer season only."
Among the members of these troupes, at
different times, were Macklin, Mrs. Prit-
chard. Woodward, Thomas King, and John
Palmer Hippisley died in 1748. In 1764,
BRISTOL DIAMONDS
BRITISH SAILOR
pavs Jenkins, "the arrival of Mr. ^^ ilham
P6well from Drury Lane Theatre formed a
new and very successful era with the com-
pany at Jacob's Well, and a theatrical
Sa began to^rage at Bristol ' Before
that, however, "the citizens of Biistol
beginning to take into consideration the
distance It which the Jacob's >^e .Theatre
was situated, determined to e^rect a new
one in the heart of the city. A site in
^ng Street was selected, and there, on
May SO, 1766, was opened a playhouse on
which upwards of £5000 had been expended
There was, however, still a strong local
opposition to all theatres, and, as the new
Sne was not licensed, the opening enter-
toment was described as "a concert of
S^sk," between the parts of which was
eiven gratis «• a specimen of rhetoric -to
wiita performance of ' The Conscious Lovers
with Powell as young Be vil. Between 1.66
and 1770, Dodd. Mrs. Powell, Char es Hcd-
fand, Baddeley. Edward Shuter, and Quick,
all appeared at the Kmg Street 1 heatre
In 1778 the building received the ro>al
liJence! with all the advantages thereto
attachhig. In 1817 J. B Watson became
ftsmanaV- We read of visits paid to it
successivlly by the elder Kean in ISlo by
Slacready in 1819, by Munden in 1S21, by
M?ss Foote in 1S23, by Miss Sniithsoii in
1831 by Charles Kean in 1842. by Buckstone
in 1843, and by Miss H. Faucit, Cresss■^ck
and M Ime. Celeste in 1848 In ISoo the
ttock company included Mrs. William Robert-
fon, Henry Mkrston, and MissMarle^Ml on ;
in 1S53, it comprised George Rignold, Arthur
Wood, and Miss Madge Robertson ; in ISb.
Charles Coghlan. Miss Kate and Miss Ellen
Terry also^had their early training here
J H Chute iq.v.), who had managed the
theSre for some years, died in 1S7S, and ^^|;
succeeded by his sons George and James
M Chute, who, in their turn, were followed
in ISSl by A. Melville and in 1893 by John
Barker.
Bristol Diamonds. A farce in one
act by JOHN OXENFORD (q.v.), first per-
formed at the St. James's Theatre, London,
on August 11, 1862, with F. Matthews as
Terr Mrulgeon, Mrs. F Matthews as Mrs
Kerr Miul'ieon, and other parts by G. Bel-
more. F. Charles, and Miss E. Turner.
Bristol MerclxarLt (The). A play
ascribed by Sir Henry Herbert in his
'Diary' (October 22, 1624) to lord and
Decker, and described by him as ' for the
Palsgrave's company."
■Rristol Trag-edy (The). A play by
JoIn day! ptrfm-med^y tho Lord Admiral's
servants in 1602; thought, to be identical
with ' The Fair Maid of Bristol,' printed m
1605.
•Rritain. (1) ' Britain's Brave Tars ; or,
AU for S: Paul's:' a dramatic^ sketch,
Covent Garden, 1797. (2) ' Britain s Glory ;
or A Trip to Portsmouth:' a "dramatic
comtilatiin" in one act, by Benson Hay-
maXt Theatre,. 1794.. (3) ' Bntaui's Happi-
ness ; ' a musical interlude by Peter
MOTTEUX ('j.r\ " performed at both tb
theatres," and printed in 1704. (4) 'Britain';
Jubilee:' a musical entertainment in tw(
acts, by S. J. Arnold (g.r.), Lyceum The
atre, London, 1809. The jubilee was that o
the king.
Britain, Benjamin, in Alber
Smith's ' Battle of Life' (.q.v.').
Britannia. (1) ' Britannia's Honour :
" magnificent shows," " in vented " by Thoma
Dekker, and performed on October 2^
16-^8, in celebration of the new Lord Mayo
of London (Rici.ard Deane). (2) ' Britanni
Triumphans :' a masque by Sir \\ .Davenan
iq.v.) and INIGO Jones (g.t'O, presented 8
Whitehall, bv King Charles I. and his lord:
on the Sunday after Twelfth-Night, 163"
and printed in'that year. (3) ' Britannia
an opera bv Thomas Lediard, perfonne
at the Hay market in 1732. (4) ' Britannia
or. The Roval Lovers : ' Goodman s Field; ^
1733-4. (5) 'Britannia and Batavia:'
masque bv George Lillo iq.v.), printed i
1740. (6) 'Britannia; or, The Gods i
Council:' a dramatic poem by Robej"
AVERY, printed in 1756. (7) A inasquel
David Mallet iq.v.\ set to music by D:
Arne iq.v.), and performed at Drury Lai,
in nbb.— Britannia figures in J. S. Coyne-
'Buckstone at Home' iq.v.) and 'Novel
Fair' iq.v.). ;
Britannia Theatre. See Lond(;
Theatres. '
Britannicus. (1) A tragedy by ;
Ozell iq.v.), translated from the Fren'
of Racine, and printed in 1714. (2) ■
tragedy by Sir Brooke Boothby. deriv
from the same source, and printed in 1803'
British Born. A drama, in a prolog,
and three acts, by Paul Meritt iq.v.) a
Henry Pettitt iq.v.), first performed
the Grecian Theatre, London, on Octol
17 1872 with G. Conquest as Fred Fogg
and Miss M. A. Victor as I^ancy Treat. .
British Enchanters (The) ; or, 1
Mag-ic like Love. A tragedy by L(;
L\NDSDOWNE, "acted at the Queens T._
atre in the Havmarket " in 1706, with a c
including Verbruggen, Booth, Bowm:
Betterton, Mrs. Barrj-, Mrs. Bracegiro
Mrs. Bowman, Mrs. Porter ; revived in 1/.
British Fortitude and Hiberni^
Friendship. A musical drama in (
act, by J. C. Cross, Covent Garden, 1(94^
British Heroine (The). See Giral
OR, The Siege of Harlech.
British Legion (The). A burlett.'.
one act, by T. H Bayly (g.rO, hrst j •
formed at the St. James's Theatre, Loud,
on May 7, 163S, with a cast including »
berry, Mrs. Honey, and Mrs. F. Matthev
British Sailor (The) ; or, 1 '
Whimsical Ladies. A musical in •
lude by John Bernard (^.r.), performec o
Bath in 1786 and at Covent Garden in 1 •
BRITISH SLAVE
209
BROKEN HEART
mong the characters are Sir Jessamy
ingle and Buckram.
British Slave (The). A drama by
. B. HOWE (q.v.).
Briton (The). A tragedy by Ambrose
HILIPS (q.v.), first performed at Drury
ane on February 19, 1722, with Booth in
le title part (Vanoc), Mrs. Booth as his
aughter {Gwendolen), Mrs. Porter as his
!Cond wife (Cartismand), Mills as Valens
. Roman tribune), etc.
Briton Chief (The). A tragedy by C.
. Walker, performed in 1823.
Briton, Colonel, in Mrs. Centlivre's
Wonder' {q.v), is "a spirited and enter-
lisin'g soldier of fortune" (Hazlitt), and
le lover of Clara.
Britons Roused ! An interlude, with
)ngs, Covent Garden, May 16, 1798.
Britons Strike Home. A ballad farce
y Edward Philips, Drury Lane, 1739.
Brittle, Barnahy and Mrs. Cha-
icters in Betterton's ' Amorous Widow '
■.V.) and in ' Barnaby Brittle ' {q.v).
Brixton Burglary (The). A farcical
imedy by F. W. Sidxey {q.v.), first per-
jrmed at Terry's Theatre, London, De-
3raber 5, 1898, with a cast including Miss
nnie Hughes, J. H. Barnes, J. Welch, F.
ottschalk, etc.
Broad Arrow (The). A drama in five
cts, by Gerald Holcroft, Standard
heatre, London, September 7, 1885.
Broad but not Long-. A " comic ex-
avaganza" played at Covent Garden in
une, 1814.
Broad Road (The). A play in three
cts, by Robert Marshall ; Terry's The-
tre, London, November 5, 1898, with Miss
.shwell, W. L. Abingdon, INIartin Harvey,
to.
Broadacre, Mr. A country gentleman
a Selby's ' My Friend and Major.'
Broadbrim, Hezekiah. The cha-
acter assumed by Harry Wilder in C.
elby'S ' Little Sins and Pretty Sinners.'
Broadcloth, in W. T. Moncrieff's
Party Wall' (5. v.).
Broadg-rin. A sergeant in G. H.
jEWES' 'Lawyers' {q.v.).
Broadhurst, Georg-e H. Playwright ;
uthor of ' What Happened to Jones ' {q.v.),
.nd other dramatic pieces.
Broadlands. The name of C. Dance's
Country Squire ' {q.v.).
Broadsword. A corporal in E. FiTZ-
iALL's 'Negro of Wapping.'
Brock, Adam. A wealthy farmer in
:'LANCHE's ' Charles XII.' {q.v.).
Brodie, Matthew. Actor, born 1863 ;
vas in the original casts of 'A Brave
Joward' (1886), 'Handfast' (1887), 'Ca-
lumny ' (1889). ' In a Day ' (1890), ' The White
Rose ' (1892), ' Robert Burns ' (1896), etc.
Broken Bail. A drama in three acts,
by G. L. Gordon {q.v.), first performed at
the Princess's Theatre, Edinburgh, on June
14, 1878. '
Broken Bonds. A drama in five acts,
by Alfred C. Calmour {q.v.), first per-
formed at the Theatre Royal, Brighton, on
November 14, 1883, with a cast including
Miss Ada Cavendish, Miss Rose Roberts,
Miss Gladys Homfrey, Miss R. Kenney,
Mark Quinton, E. Beecher, etc.
Broken Branch (The). An opera-
bouffe in three acts, adapted from 'La
Branche Cass^e,' libretto by F. H. Du
Terreaux, music by Gaston Serpette, first
performed at the Op^ra Comique, London,
on August 22, 1874, with a cast comprising
Madame Pauline Rita, Miss Pattie Laverne,
Miss Adelaide Newton, Mrs. Power, etc.
Broken Chain (The) ; or, The Lady
of Nuremberg-. A play performed at
Surrey Theatre, London, in October, 1838,
with E. F. Savile and Mrs. H. Vining in the
cast.
Broken Fetters. (1) A play in one act,
by Charles Thursby, Matim^e Theatre,
London, July 22, 1897. (2) A play by
Charles Townsend, produced in U.S. A.
Broken Gold (The). A ballad opera
by C. DiBDiN {q.v.), performed at Drury
Lane on February 8, 1806. " A naval officer
and his mistress break gold at their parting,
as a pledge of their constancy."
Broken Heart (The). A tragedy by
John Ford ((/.v.), performed " by the King's-
Majesty's Servants" at Blackfriars, and
printed in 1633 ; revived by the Elizabethan
Stage Society at St. George's Hall, London,
on the evening of June 11, 1898, under the
direction of W. Poel, and with Miss Calhoun
{q.v.) as Calantha and Miss Virginia Carlyle
as Panthea. The "broken heart "is that
of Calantha, who, while presiding at some
court revels, hears in quick succession of-
the death of her father (the King of La-
conia), of the starving of Penthea (sister
of Ithocles), and, finally, of the murder of
Ithodes, her lover, who has been lured into a
chair with secret springs, and there stabbed
by an enemy {Orgilus). " She finishes the
dance, as if nothing particular had hap-
pened. In the next scene she places a
wedding-ring on the dead finger of Ithocles.
She then dies of a Broken Heart " (Genest).
" I do not know," says Charles Lamb,
" where to find, in any play, a catastrophe
so grand, so solemn, and so surprising as
this. This is indeed, according to Milton,
to ' describe high passions and high actions.'
The fortitude of the Spartan boy who let a
beast gnaw out his bowels till he died with-
out expressing a groan, is a fainfc^ bodily
image of this dilaceration of the spirit and
exenteration of the inmost mind, which
Calantha, with a holy violence against her
nature, keeps closely covered, till the last
duties of a wife and a queen are fulfilled."
BROKEN HEART
210
BROME
According to the prologue, the story of the
piece had some foundation in fact—
"What mav be here thought Fiction, when time;s youth
Wanted some riper years, was known a Iruth.
Broken Heart (The). See Agnes de
Broken Hearts. A fairy play by ^\.
S. Gilbert (q.v.), first performed at the
Court Theatre, London, on December 9,
1875 with Miss INI. Robertson (Mrs. Kendal)
as the Lady Hilda, Mi^s Hollingshead as
the Lady Vavir, IVIiss Rorke as the Lady
Amanthk W. H. Kendal as Prince Florian,
and G. AV. Anson as Mousta. It was repre-
sented in the English provinces in IS. b oy
a company including Miss R. Leclercq as
Hilda, Miss Florence Terry a.s ^avlr, J. D.
Beveridge as Florian, and F INIarshall as
Mousta. It was performed (for a benefat)
at the Alexandra Theatre, Liverpool, on
December 14, 1885, with Mrs. E. Saker as
Lady Hilda, Miss Kate Vaughan as Lady
Vavir, Miss J. Gwynne as Lady Melusine,
Hermann Vezin as Mousta, and W. Herbert
as Prince Florian; and at the Savoy Ihe-
atre, London, on June 21, 1?S2, on the
occasion of the farewell of INIiss Florence
Terry, who played Vavir to the Hilda ot
Miss M. Terry, the Meludne of Miss Julia
Gwvnne, the Amanthis of ^Ii^s lortescue
the'Floria7i of Kyrle Bellew, and the Mousta
of Frank Thornton. It was produced at the
Madison Square Theatre, ^'^w Vork and
burlesqued by A. CLEMENTS and F. Ha\ m
•Cracked Heads' {g.v.).
Broken Life (A). See Chris.
Broken Lily (The). A drama, in pro-
loc^ue and three acts, by E. Towers, Last
London Theatre, December 24, 187S.
Broken Melody (The). A play in
three acts, by Herbert Keen and James
T Tanner (q.v.), produced at the Prince ot
Wales's Theatre, London, on July 2S, 1S92,
with a cast including INIiss Olga Brandon,
Miss B. Horlock, W. L. Abingdon, and
Au^uste Van Biene ; first performed in
Am'erica at the American Theatre, ^ew
York, November 5, 1896.
Broken Pearls. A drama in four acts,
by W. J. ARCHER, City of London Theatre,
June 10, 1867.
Broken Seal (The). See Vill.^gb
Priest.
Broken Spells. A play by Westland
Marston (q.v.) and W. G Wills (g.i'.),
first performed at the Court Theatre,
London, on March 27, 1872, with Miss Ada
Cavendish as Estelle, Miss Maggie Brennan
as Lusette, Hermann Vezin as Bertrand
d'Etanqes, A. Bishop as Cyj^rien d'Evreux,
and other parts by W. H. Fisher, H. Leigh,
and Mrs. Stephens. The "broken spells
are those which Bertrand seeks to cast over
Estelle, but which she is twice successful
in resisting.
Broken String (The). A musical
episode, written by Alfred C. Calmour,
and first performed at the Theatre Ro ,
Richmond, on December 14, 1896.
Broken Sword (The). A melodriii
in two acts, bv W. Dimond (5.V.), adaii
from ' La Valfee du Torrent,' and first ••
formed at Covent Garden on Octobe ,
1816.
Broken Ties. A domestic draTn!,n
two acts, adapted by J. Palgrave Simf h
Iq.v.) from ' La Fiammina ' of Mario Uch I,
and first performed at the Olympic ' s-
atre, London, on June 8, 1872, with Mc j.
Beatrice as La Silvia, a prima donna, 0
has left her husband and son, Lionel d
Herbert Warner, in order to prosecute ;r
artistic career unfettered. Years af terw .s
her identity is divulged to Herbert, an'^e
is the means of bringing his parents )•
gether again. In the original cast I.
Sinclair was Lionel, and other parts ' -e
taken by T. N. Wenman, W. H. Verno: f.
S. Wood, etc.
Broken to Harness. A dr:i,
founded by Mervyn Dall.\s upon Edn d
Yates's novel of the same name, and st
performed at the Theatre Royal, Brigl 1,
on June 30, 1S83.
Broken Toys. A drama in two s,
by John Daly (.q.v.), first performe it
Sadler's Wells on November 4, 1S50, ;h
Hoskins as Daxintless, A. Younge as ^ m
Winter, H. Mellon as Mr. Colddraici 1
Wheatleish as Jasper, F. Younge as C s,
and Miss^E. Traver.s as Katherine ; re' id
at the INIarylebone Theatre, Londoi in
1853.
Broken Vow (The). See SEXTt V.
and Bel Demonic.
Broken Vows ; or, Love's < q-
flicts. A drama in four acts, by Ed\ id
Towers, East London Theatre, Feb: ry
18, 1871.
Broken-hearted Club (The). A
comedietta by J. Stirling Coyne, -st
Eerformed at the Haymarket Th( re,
ondon, on January 16, 1868.
Broker of Bogota (The). A pi by
R. M. Bird, in the repertories of i m
Forrest and John M'Cullogh.
Brome, Alexander. Poet and ly-
Wright, born 1620 died June, 1666 ; a or
of ' The Cunning Lovers,' a comedy ib-
lished in 1654.
Brome, Richard, dramatist, wa he
author of the following plays, pubUsh in
one volume in 1653 :— ' A Mad Couple eU
Matched' [or 'Met'], 'The Novella' he
Court Beggar,' 'The City Wit,' and lie
Damoiselle ; ' also of the following, vo-
lished in one volume in 1659 :— ' The Ei isn
Moor,' ' The Love-Sick Court,' ' The V^ e ng
of the Covent Garden,' ' The New Acad ly,
and 'The Queen and Concubine;' a,ot
the following, published (with the s ve-
named, in three volumes) in 1873 :- ne
Northern Lass,' 'The Sparagus Gain,
' The Antipodes," ' A Jovial Crew, na
BROMIA
211
BROOKE
[The Queen's Exchange.' To these have
1) be added ' Christianetta,' ' The Jewish
Gentleman,' and 'The Love-Sick Maid,'
Scribed to Brome in the books of the
Stationers' Company between 1640 and 1653.
iSVit in a Madness' is also attributed to
!im. He wrote with Ben Jonson, jun., 'A
ault in Friendship,' and, with Thomas Hey-
ood, ' The Late Lancashire \yitches,' ' The
ife and Death of Sir Martin Skink,' and
The Apprentice's Prize.' All these pieces
re mentioned separately elsewhere in this
)lume. Brome was in early life servant
Ben Jonson, who refers to the fact in
lies prefixed to ' The Northern Lass,' 1652 ;
3 is mentioned as Jonson's "man" in the
duction to ' Bartholomew Fair ' (1614), and
3 himself, in some verses on Beaumont and
letcher, writes of Jonson as "the master
his art and me." One of his first dramatic
lorts, if not the first (says A. W. Ward),
as that which he produced in collaboration
|ith Jonson's son (1623). Jonson spoke of
tmas having learned his craft well —
"And for it serv'd his time—
A prentiship which few do nowadayes."
18 died, it seems probable, in 1652. See
le 'BiographiaDramatica' (1812), Genest's
Wish Stage' (1832), Halliwell's ' Dic-
mary of Old Plays' (1860), A. W. Ward's
:nglish Dramatic Literature ' (1875), the
)ictionary of National Biography ' (1886),
eay's ' Biographical Chronicle of the Eng-
h Drama' (1891).
Bromia. Wife of Sosia, in Dryden's
mphitryon ' (g.v.).
Bromley, Fox, in Westland Mar-
ON'S 'Favourite of Fortune ' (q.v.).
jBromley, Nelly. Actress ; was the
*ginal representative of the following (and
ler) parts -.-—Dolly Mayflower in Burnand's
lack-Eyed Susan ' (1866), Nimble Ned in
rnand's ' Claude Duval ' (1868), Praline
> Patoche in ' Nemesis ' (1873), Edith Land-
. I in Reece's ' May ' (1874), Verdurette in
-rnie's ' El Dorado ' (1874), The Plaintiff in
jrial by Jury ' (1875), Mrs. Graham in 'The
jeat Divorce Case' (1876), Venus in the
^rlesque so named (1879), Mrs. Darling in
ittle Miss Muff et ' (1882). Mrs. L' Estrange
- ' Bondage ' (1883), and Constance Loring
•■ 'Freedom ' (1883). Among other roles in
■ ich she has appeared in London are Lady
■ inces in ' The Belle's Stratagem' (Strand
' eatre, 1874), the Prince of Popoli in ' The
] gands ' (Globe Theatre, 1875), and Betsy
1 Burnand's farce (Criterion Theatre, 1882).
Jronze, in Morton's ' Cure for the
Jartache'(g.t).).
Jronze Horse (The). The title given
tthe English versions and adaptations of
! Cheval Bronze,' an opera by Scribe and
-ber, produced in Paris in March, 1835.
( An operatic drama in two acts, by E.
J'ZBALL {q.v.), first performed at Covent
'•den on December 14, 1835, with Miss
^|ndham as the Princess Margelia, Miss
Jpm as Peki, Mrs. Battersby as Kao Jan,
Vale as Ping Sing, Collins as Zamna, J.
Webster as Koyan, etc. In this version
new songs were introduced, the words being
by Fitzball, and the music by G. H. Rod-
well. (^2) The opera itself was produced in
various forms at several London theatres
in 1836, being given at Drury Lane with the
entire score. (3) A pantomime called ' The
Bronze Horse,' by R. Soutar and C.
Merion, was performed at the Victoria
Palace, London, in December, 1871. (4) In
July, 1881, an extravaganza, entitled 'The
Bronze Horse,' founded on the opera, and
written by Howard Paul {q.v.), was per-
formed at the Alhambra, London, with
Harry Paulton (the Great Bamboo), Fred
Leslie {Prince Zoko), Louis Kelleher (//a?i/fo).
Miss Alice May {Sou-Sou), and Miss Fannie
Leslie {Peki) in the cast.
Bronzely, in Mrs. Inchbald's ' Wives
as they Were' (q.v.).
Brooke, Arthur (died 1563). Author of
'The Tragicall Historye of Romeus and
Juliet' (1562), translated and adapted by
him from the ' HistoiiesTragiquesextraictes
des (Euvres de Bandel' [Bandello] which
had appeared in Paris in 1559. From this
piece of rhymed verse Shakespeare derived
material for his 'Romeo and Juliet' (g.j;.).
Turberville (in 1567) wrote of the poem that
Brooke showed
" his cunning p<assing well
When he the Tale to Englishe did translate."
The ' Tragicall Historye ' has been several
times reprinted— in 1587 by Ralph Robinson,
in 1821 in Collier's ' School of Shakespeare,'
in 1874 in W. C. Hazlitt's ' School of Shake-
speare,' in 1875 by P. A. Daniel in the New
Shakspere Society's ' Originals and Ana-
logues,' and in 1888 by Henry Morley in
' Cassell's National Library.'
Brooke, E. H. [Edwin James Mac-
donald Brook]. Actor ; born 1843, died 1884 ;
made his ddbut in London at the Princess's
Theatre on July 10, 1862, as the Lord
Chamberlain in ' Henry VIII.' Among the
parts of which he was subsequently the
original performer were those of Simon
Renard in Tennyson's ' Queen Mary ' (1876),
Stephen Luard in ' The Worship of Bac-
chus ' (1879), The Earl of Mount Audley in
'Rescued' (1879), Marat in 'Ninon' (1880),
Captain Derringer in ' Forbidden Fruit '
(1880), Colonel Forester in ' His Wife ' (1881),
Will Maguire in ' Taken from Life ' (1881),
Richard Neville in ' The King-Maker (1882),
etc. He was also seen in Loudon as Cassio
in 'Othello' (Lyceum, 1876), Richmond in
' Richard III.' (Lyceum, 1877), Nicholas
Nickleby (Adelphi, 1879). Robert Ffolliott in
'The Shaughraun' (Adelphi, ISSO), Joseph
Surface (Sadler's Wells, 1880), George Field-
ing in ' It's Never too Late to Mend '
(Adelphi, 1881), Baradas in ' Richelieu '
(Adelphi, 1882), and William Allan in ' Dora '
(Adelphi, 1883). In the English provinces
he played Rob Roy, Philip II. in ' Queen
Mary,' the hero of ' The Silver King,'
etc. He was the author of plays called
? Gustave ' (1873) and ' Bessie ' (iS73).
BROOKE
BROOKE
Brooke, Mrs. E. H., actress, figured
.'as Miss Minnie Davis) as Thaddeus in Bel-
lingham and Best's ' Arline' {q.v.) in lS6i.
Of late years she has been in the original
casts of 'A Riverside Story' (1S90), 'The
Dancing Girl' (1891), 'Mr. Richards' (1S92),
'The Swordsman's Daughter' (1895), 'The
Little Minister' (1897), 'The Manoeuvres of
Jane ' (1898), etc. She has also appeared in
London in ' On Change ' (1885), ' Engaged '
(1886), 'IMan and Wife' (1887), ' The Monk's
Room ' (1888), ' A Doll's House ' (1891).
Brooke, Frances [.nee Moore ; wife of
the Rev. Dr. John Brooke]. Playwright
and miscellaneous writer, born 1724, died
1789 ; author of ' Virginia,' a tragedy (pub-
lished 1756), ' The Siege of Sinope,' a tragedy
(1781), 'Rosina,' a comic opera (1783), and
' Marian,' a musical entertainment (1788)—
all of which see. See, also, ' Biographia
Dramatica' (1812), Genest's ' English Stage'
(1832), etc.
Brooke, Gustavus Vaug-han.
Actor ; born in Dublin, April 25, 1818 ;
educated in his birthplace and at Edge-
worthstown, and notable at school for his
elocution ; made his first appearance in
April, 1833, at the Theatre Royal, Dublin,
as "a young gentleman under fourteen
years of age," figuring as William Tell,
Virginius, You)i{j Xorval, Eollain 'Pizarro,'
etc. After this he went on tour in Ireland
and Scotland as " the Dublin Roscius,"
playing Bichard III., Selimin 'Barbarossa,'
and Lurimel in 'The Point of Honour.'
His London dihut was made in October,
1834, at the Victoria Theatre, as 'Hiber-
'mcus Roscius;' he played Virginius to the
Virginia of Miss P. Horton. He next
starred in the Kent circuit. In 1835 he
was at Leeds; in 1836, as " G, V. Brooke,
tragedian," at Glasgow and Kilmarnock.
He added to his repertory at Dublin and
Sheffield in 1837, at Belfast and Sheffield
in 1838, and in Ireland generally in 1839.
He was to have appeared at Drury Lane in
1841, but Macready and he had a difference
of opinion about parts, and Brooke re-
mained in the provinces, where he under-
took several new parts yearly, covering
almostthe whole sphere of the "legitimate."
It was not, indeed, until January 3, 1848,
that he figured before a London audience.
This was at the Olympic, and the part was
Othello [see Westland Marston's account of
the performance], followed at short in-
tervals by Sir Giles Overreach, Richard HI.,
Hamlet, Shylock, and Virginius. His suc-
cess with the public was unquestionable,
and his salary, £25 a week, was promptly
doubled. Declining an engagement at the
Haymarket (£15 a night for a hundred
niglits), Brooke played for a few weeks in
the country, but returned to the Olympic in
May, appearing there in his first " original "
role— tha.t of Laurency in Spicer's ' Lords
of EUingham' {q.v.). The remainder of
1S4S and the whole of 1849 were spent out of
London. In 1850 Brooke was seen again at
the Olympic (from February 4 to March 7),
jjresenting himself as Othello and the hero
of 'The Noble Heart' {q.v.). In April ht
was at the ISIarylebone, playing Othello anc
Shylock ; later in the year he was again atth(,
Olympic, as the original Philip in Marston's^
' Philip of France and ^Nlarie de IMeranie
{q.v.), Claude Melnotte, Sir Giles Overreach
and Sir Edward Mortimer. In 1851 he wa;
married to Marianne Bray, and made hi'
first appearance in America— at the Broad'
way Theatre, New York, on December 15
as 'Othello. In 1852 Philadelphia, Boston
"Washington, and Baltimore were visited
In May of that year Brooke became lesse;
of the Astor Place Opera House, New York
where he produced ' The Corsican Brothers
{q.v.). He transferred himself in June t
Niblo's, and afterward acted at Brougham'
Lyceum. Subsequently he toured throng':
the Western States very successfully. Hi
last appearance in America seems to hav
been at Philadelphia on June 14, 185i
Returning to England later in the year, h'
made his London rentr^e at Drury Lanei
September, playing Othello, lago, MachetY
Virginius, and" Marsio in Boker's 'B(
trothal ' {q.v.). At the same theatre, betwee.
January 30 and March 25, 1854, he reprt^
sented Brutus in Howard Payne's dram;
blaster Walter, Richard III., the Corsica
Brothers, and Hamlet. Afterwards, ontou
he was the original Ornano in S. Hollis'
play of that name {q.v.). In October, 185
he Ijegan a series of "farewell" perfo
mances at Drury Lane and the City <
London Theatre (playing Macbeth, tl'
Stranger, and O'Callaghan in 'His La
Legs '), prior to sailing for Australia, whe
he was first seen (at Melbourne) on Fe
ruai-y 26, 1855. Here he essayed mai
parts hitherto untried by him, such i
Benedick, Prosjjero, Valentine {'Tvro Genii
men of Verona'), Coriolanus, Sir Luci
O'Trigger, Werner, Sardana]jalus, Zan-,
('The Revenge'), Louis XI., and so fort
He had become in 1856 co-lessee and
1859 sole lessee of the Theatre Roy
Melbourne. In October, 1861, we find h
once more on his native heath, acting
Dublin. After this came an engagem(
at Drury Lane— not very prosperous-,
Othello and the hero of 'Love's Sacrifi(
A provincial tour followed, and in Octob
1862, he played at the City of London T
atre. His marriage to Avonia Jones {q
took place in February, 1863. His 1.
appearances in London were in April a'
:May of the following year— at Sadl',
Wells, as Leontes and Shylock. His 1
performance in the United Kingdom ti:
place at Belfast on December 23, 1865.
December 28 he sailed for Melbourne
the steamship London, which was wrec.
en route (January, 1866), Brooke show
a fine example of courage and resignati
"None laboured more strenuously to a^
the deadly issue, which none bore, whe; >
became inevitable, with more tranquil f( •
tude than he." For fuller biographical'-
tails, see the ' Memoir' prefixed to the fr
part of an edition of Shakespeare issuet /
the London Printing and Publishing C(,»
1854, Vandenhoff's 'Reminiscences' (1 'i
BROOKE
213
BROOKS
V Coleman's 'Playwrights and Players'
<;8S) ; also, the memoir by W. J. Lawrence
(^92). "It is a pity," wrote Henry Morley
iSeptember, 1853, "that he should prefer
tact Shakespeare rather than a good, rant-
if, roaring melodrama, which he would
^y admirably" ('Journal of a London
:b,ygoer'). In October, 1853, G. H. Lewes
v)te : " lam neither surprised nor swayed
ll Brooke's success. I see in him the
jvgnificent half of an actor, perhaps even
<-nsidering acting as representation, and
tit in representation the means are even
J. re important than the intellect) one may
i' two-thirds of an actor ; a noble person,
ajowerful voice, immense physical energy
{d a certain breadth of style, 'if style
ican be called Avhich style is none,' an
4cution careful (somewhat too careful),
ii a thorough familiarity with stage busi-
]^3 and stage tradition : these are his
*ilities" ('Dramatic Essays'). "lie was
^ery fair actor," writes Helen Faucit,
*)Ome thought, a very good one ; but never
<(ild be distinguished in his art because
<|hi3 want of true dramatic instinct and
iigination. He would accept an idea
m others gladly, but would not take the
uble to work it out for himself."
Brooke, Henry. Playwright and mis-
claneous writer, born about 1703, died
is ; educated at Trinity College, Dublin ;
ithor of the following dramatic pieces :—
'ustavus Vasa; or, 'The Deliverer of hi^
<untry' (q.v.), a tragedy [first performed
{ ' The Patriot] ; ' The Betrayer of his
jluntry ' [afterwards called ' The Earl of
pstmoreland ' (1745) and ' Injured Honour '
(i54)], a play acted in 1741 ; ' Jack the
4nt Queller,' an operatic satire, performed
31748; 'The Earl of Essex,' a tragedy,
aed in 1749; 'The Impostor' [Mahomet],
pe Vestal Virgin,' ' The Charitable Associa-
TO,' 'The Marriage Contract,' and 'Ruth ;'
so, adaptations of ' Antony and Cleopatra'
(}).), of ' Cymbeline ' (q.v.), of Dryden's
'ndian Emperor' (g.v.) [' Montezuma'], of
'^quhar's 'Twin Rivals' (q.v.) ['The Con-
ding Brothers'], and of 'The Humours
theArmy' (q.v.) ['The Female Officer'],
jj edition of Brooke's works appeared in
ire ; another, edited by his daughter Char-
Ip, was published in 1792. See, also,
' rookiana ' (1804), D'Olier's * Memoirs of
|nry Brooke ' (1816), ' Correspondence of
3|vid Garrick ' (1831), Genest's ' English
.'lige ' (1832), etc.
3rooke, Lord. See Greville, Fulke.
irookfleld, Charles Hallam Elton.
i^tor and playwright ; born 1857 ; son of
t Rev. W. H. Brookfield ; made his pro-
Jsional ddbiit at the Alexandra Palace
'ieatre in 1879 in ' Still Waters Run Deep.'
pm 1880 to 1885 he was engaged at the
iymarket Theatre, where he was the first
«)resentative of Sir T. Duncan in *A
Jsson,' ^ Narcisae in ' Odette,' Gretch in
i3dora,' Lord Percy Leiviscourt in ' Lords
f'l Commons,' and De Fonblanche in ' Ever-
{■en.' In 18S5 he was Captain Jekyll
in ' Mayfair ; ' in 1886, Dudley Chalmers in
•A Woman of the World,' Captain Bed-
wood in 'Jim the Penman,' and Palmieri in
'A Wife's Sacrifice;' and in 1887, General
Moralcoff in 'The Red Lamp.' At the Hav-
market, between 1887 and 1890, he was the
original of Louis XI. in ' The Ballad-
Monger,' Bellairs in ' Partners,' Voltaire in
' The Pompadour,' and Monteith in ' Beau
Austin.' He has since been the first Sir
Archibald in 'May and December' (1890),
Williamin ' Jane' (1890), Mr. Justice Muddle
in ' Husband and Wife ' (1891), Mr. Bunbury
in 'Godpapa' (1891), Bazano in 'Margaret
Byng' (1891), Colonel Gavachin in ' The Grey
Mare ' (1892), a Moralist, a Spirit, Hamlet,
and Lord Fentonville in 'The Poet and
the Puppets' (1892), Saveloy Joe in 'The
Burglar and the Judge ' (1892), Bertie Tivy-
ford in • To-day ' (1892), Captain Camaret in
' The Other Fellow ' (1893), Sherlock Holmes
in ' Under the Clock ' (1893), Sir Thomas
Hornclife in ' The Transgressor ' (1894), Mr.
Egerton in ' Fashionable Intelligence ' (1894),
Phijyps in 'An Ideal Husband' (1895 \
Captain Chesnall in ' The Home Secretary '
(1^95), Lord Bletchley in ' A Woman's
Reason ' (1896), Joseph Ogden in * The White
Elephant ' (1896). C. H. E. Brookfield has
also been seen in London as Sharp in
'Money' (1880), Krux in 'School' (1880),
Soaper in ' Masks and Faces ' (1881), Chodd,
jun., in 'Society' (1881), Sergeant Jones
in 'Ours' (1882), Colepepper in 'The Over-
land Route ' (1882), Sam Gerridge in ' Caste '
(1883), Crossley Beck in 'Peril' (1884), David
in ' The Rivals ' (1884), Stein in ' Diplomacy '
(1884), Cibber in 'Masks and Faces' (1885),
Perovsky in ' Ours ' (1885), Marshall in ' Cap-
tain Swift' (1888), Slender in the 'Merry
Wives ' (1888), Sir C. Pomander in ' Masks
and Faces' (1888), Faulconbridge in 'King
John ' (1889), Trip in * The School for Scan-
dal ' (1890), Dudley Smooth in ' Money ' (1894),
and Baron Grog in ' The Grand Duchess *
(1897). C. H. E. Brookfield has written the
following dramatic pieces : — ' Nearly Seven '
(1882), ' Godpapa' (with F. C. Phillips, 1891),
•The Poet and the Puppets' (1892), 'To-
day ' (an adaptation, 1892), ' An Under-
ground Journey' (with Mrs. Hugh Bell,
1893), 'Under the Clock' (with Seymour
Hicks, 1893). ' A Pal o' Archie's ' (with Sir
A. Harris, 1893), ' Poor Jonathan ' (dialogue,
1893), ' A Model Trilby ' (with W. Yardley,
1895), ' A Woman's Reason ' (with F. C.
Philips, 1896), with "Adrian Ross," the
libretto of • The Grand Duchess ' (1897),
' The Cuckoo.' an adaptation (1899), the
dialogue of 'The Lucky Star' (1899), and
' The New Regime ' (1903). He is the author
of a volume of short stories entitled ' The
Twilight of Love : Studies of the Artistic
Temperament' (1893).
Brookfield, Hon. Cecil. The Eton
boy in Robert Buchanan's 'Lady Clare'
(q.v.).
Brooks, Charles William Shirley.
Playwright and miscellaneous Avriter, born
April, 1815 ; died February,18;4 ; author of the
BROOKS
BROTHERS
following dramatic pieces:-' The Creole ,
or, Love's Fetters' (1847), ' Anything for a
Change- (1848), ' Shave You Directly (1849),
'Daughter of the Stars' (1850) The i^^;
position' (1851), 'The Card-Basket (1861),
'The Guardian Angel, Honours andTncks
'The Lovvther Arcade,' Our >ewGoveine.s
and ' The Witrwam ;' also, part-author, ^vith
Mark Lemoi^ of ' Number Nip ' (1854), and
?vHh John Oxenf ord, of « Timour the Tartar
(1861).
Brooks, Mrs. [n^e Watson]. Actress ;
appe °r?d at the Haymarket in 1786 as Lady
Toimley in ' The Provoked Husband.
" Broom, broom, the bonny
broom!" First line of a song in
Fletcher's ' Loyal Subject {q.v.).
Brother against Brother. A drama
in five acts, by Frank Harvey, farst per-
formed at the Lyceum Theatre, Ipswich,
August 10, 1895; Lyric Theatre, Hammer-
smith, March 23, 1896 ; Forepaughs The-
atre, Philadelphia, U.S.A., March 23, 1896.
Brother and Bride. , A drama in four
acts, adapted from Scott's ' Bride of Lam-
mermoor' {q.v.\ and performed at the
,OrympTcTheitre:NewYork(afterp5),wit^
George Jordan as Edgar; described as a
queer compound of Palgrave Simpsons
'Master of Ravenswood' [g.u-] and an old
Sadler's Wells drama by George Almar.
The great effect of the play was in the third
act, where Edga r, hunted by Douglas Ashton,
Hayston, and Cmigengelt, plunges into a
cataract of real water."
Brother and Sister. A "comic ope-
ratic drama" in two acts, the libretto by
W DiMOND (q.v.), the music by Bishop and
Reeve; founded on Patrat's ' L'Heureuse
Erreur,' and first performed at Covent
Garden on February 1, 1815. with Miss
Stephens, Mrs. Egerton, and Duruset in
the principal parts. See MATCH FOR A
Widow and Widow's \ ow.
Brother Ben. A farce in one act, by
J Maddison Morton (r^.v.), first performed
at Covent Garden, with Bartley as Coin-
ojiodore Cutlass, C. Mathews as Benjamin
Bowles, Harley as Mr. Snuffleton, Mrs.
Brougham as 3[rs. Cutlass, and Miss Lee
as Mrs. Bouies.
Brother Bill and Me. A farce in one
act by W. E. SUTER (q.v.), first performed
in August, 1858, with J. L. Toole as Benj.
Wiogles and J. Billington as William hig-
gles; revived at the Princess's in 1875. See
Noodle and Squib.
Brother Bob. A play by /• B. John-
stone (q.v.), first performed at the Surrey
Theatre, London.
Brother George. A comic opera in
three acts, words by Frank Desprez,
music bv P. Bucalossi. Theatre Royal,
Portsmouth, May 16, 1892.
Brother John. A play by Martha
:SIORTON (q v.\ first performed at the Star
Theatre, New York City, March 20, 1893.
/
Brother Of&cers. A comedy in tl ;
acts, by Leo Trevor, first performed at j
Garrick Theatre, London, on October ,
1S98, with Arthur Bourchier, J.D.Beveric ,
Allan Aynesworth, and Miss Violet ^ •
brugh in the leading parts.
Brother Pelican. See Falka.
Brother Sam. A comedy by Ja
Oxenford (q.v.), adapted from a play 7
Gorner, and first performed at the I .
market Theatre, London, on May 24, 1 .,
with E. A. Sothern as the Hon. SamSliii >j
(brother of Lord Dundreary, q.v.), J. .
Buckstone as Jonathan Rumbeloio (unci f
Sam), H. Compton and Mrs. Chippendal s
Mr. and Ilrs. Trimbush, and Miss IS y
Moore as Alice. Sam, to please his uii,
pretends that he is married— ^Kce, 0
loves him, consenting to pass for a tims
his wife. But the deception cannot Ion e
maintained, and it ends in Sam and ^>i
becoming united in very deed. Alice is 'e
younger sister of Mrs. Trimbush. The je
was revived at the Gaiety Theatre, Lon i,
on August 8, 1885.
Brother Tom. A farce by J. B.B:;.
stone (q.v.).
Brother's liife (A). A play bj '.
Gordon (q.v.).
Brother's Love (A). A tragic pla.y
John Coleman and Charles Swain, ie
Self-Accusation.
Brothers. (1) A play by C. F, CoGi n
(q.v.), first performed at the Court The e,
London, on November 4, 1876, with . \a
Hare and H. B. Conway in the title pa -
Sir Francis and Fred Meredith ; Miss J m
Terry as the heroine— E'a^e Hungerj I;
and other roles by C Kelly, G. W Ai n,
I^Iiss HoUingshead, Mrs. Gaston Mu y,
etc. (2) 'Brothers; or, A Plunge m le
Dark : ' a drama in four acts, by^ J.
Lipthwaite, Marylebone Theatre, ^c n-
ber 25, 1885. (3) 'Brothers : ' a dran in
four acts, by R. T. Sager, Mechf ; s
Institute, Barnoldswick, July 17, 1897.
Brothers (The). (1) A corned oy
James Shirley (q.v.), licensed m Ncn-
ber, 1826, acted at Blackfriars, and pr ea
in 1652. (2) A tragedy by Edward \ >G
((] v.\ first performed at Drury Lan )n
March 3, 1753, with Garrick and Moss in
the title parts (Demetrins and Per s),
Berry as their father (Philip of Maa 1),
jNIiss Bellamy as Erixene, etc. The ry
is based on history, and Genest pouii ui
that in the third act the author bo: ffs
directly from Livy. Demetrius and L\ ne
love each other ; but Phili]) commanc be
former to wed the daughter of D] i"-
Demetrius appears to consent, and -ftr. if,
in anger, marries Perseus,^ who also es
her. Demetrius then explains, and Lr <^,
in despair, kills herself, i>/»^^f^";,« 'fJ;
wards following her example. The a or
devoted the profits of three benefits 1 a
further sum, making in all flOOp, t .ne
propagation of the gospel in foreign i»-
BROTHERS OF BLUTHAUPT
215
BROUGH
3) A comedy by Richard Cumberland
q.v.], first performed at Covent Garden
in" December 2, 1769, with Clarke and Smith
Is the elder and younger brothers Belfield,
kirs. Yates as Sophia Dove, Mrs. Bulkley as
'/'ioletta, Mrs. INIattocks as Lucy Waters,
ifates as Sir Benjamin Dove, Mrs. Green
iiS Lady Dove, and Woodward as Captain
ironsides. The Belfields are both in love
vith Sophia, whose heart is given to the
ounger, until Lucy tells her that the
'ounger is engaged to her. Then Sophia
Dromises to marry the elder; but in the
isnd it is discovered that the elder is
jjready married to Violetta. Sophia and
3elfield, jun., then pair off. Sir Benjamin
md Lady Dove are minor characters. (4)
L burletta in one act, by T. Egerton Wilks
ff.v.), first performed at the St. James's
nieatre, London, with Mrs. Stirling in the
litle parts, Gossamer Gadfly and Edunn
7ere Gadfly, a count and a student ; Ox-
jerry as Tassal, valet to Gossamer; and
kliss J. Mordaunt as Rose Eversley. (5) A
tomedy in three acts, by John Brockbank,
irheatre Royal, Cambridge, August 7, 1875.
6) A play in one act, by Henry Byatt,
vaudeville Theatre, London, IMarch 10, 1887.
7) ' Brothers in Arms : ' drama, Grand
Theatre, Stalybridge, September 3, 1894.
[_ Brothers of Bluthaupt (The). See
Three Red Men.
' Broug-hjPanny Whiteside. Actress;
laughter of R. B. Brough(g.v.) and Eliza-
;3etli Romer ; born 1854 ; appeared at Man-
chester in 1869, under the management of
Charles Calvert, as a fairy in a pantomime
vritten by her uncle, William Brough {q-v.).
liVith Calvert she stayed for three seasons,
n the course of which she played Ophelia
0 the Hamlet of Barry Sullivan {q.v.). Her
Ubut in London was made at the St. James's
Oieatre in October 15, 1870, as Fcrnande in
-he play so named (q.v.)- She was also the
briginal, at the same house, of Fanny Park-
uouse in Albery's 'Two Thorns' (1871) and
Lotte in T. W. Robertson's ' War ' (1871).
[imong the many ' ' original " parts played
)y her in London since the last-named date
ire— lYed Oicen in ' The World ' (1880), Nor ah
Fitzgerald in ' Harvest ' (1886), Nellie in
Civil War' (1887), Mrs. Carr in 'Devil
IJaresfoot' (1887), Geraldine in 'Pleasure'
1887), 3[a7-y in ' Little Lord Fauntleroy '
1889), Mrs. Silvester in 'Our Flat' (1889),
:icely in 'Marjorie' (1889), Patty in 'The
loyal Oak' (1SS9), Mrs. Horton in 'Dr. Bill'
1890), Hetty in ' A Million of Money ' (1890),
Badalia in ' The Gifted Lady ' (1891), Mar-
jery in * A Sailor's Knot ' (] 891), Mrs. Egerton
Bompas in ' The Times ' (1891), Dorcas in
The Prodigal Daughter ' (1892), Lottie in
A Woman's Revenge ' (1893), Mrs. Othello
n the piece so named (1893), Mrs. Dexter
n the farce so named (1894), Lady Markby
n ' An Ideal Husband' (1895), Dr. Prender-
last in 'The Blue Boar' (1895), Mrs. Ben
pixon in 'The Prude's Progress' (1895),
hady Hilyard in 'Cheer, Boys, Cheer'
|1895), and Mrs. Murgatroyd in ' A Mother
|)f Three ' (1836). Miss Brough has also ap-
peared in London in the followino; (among
many such) r6les:—Fuschia Leach in ' :\Ioths'
(1887). Maud in 'The AVife's Secret' (18SS),
the Bar onyie de Pre font in ' The Ironmaster'
(1888), Letty in 'Master and Man' (1889),
Arethusa in 'The Member for Slocum'
(1891), the Baronne de Cambri in ' Frou-
Frou ' (1S90), Enid in ' Our Regiment ' (1S91),
Mrs. Opdyke in ' The Henrietta ' (1891), Mrs.
Stuart Cross in ' The Late Lamented ' (1891),
3[rs. Poskett in 'The Magistrate' (1892),
See Intruders.
Broug-h, Lionel. Actor; born at
Pontypool, Monmouth, March 10, 1836 ; son
of Barnabas Brough (q.v.) ; made his first
appearance on the stage in December, 1854,
at the Lyceum Theatre, London, as Count
Carboniferous in 'Prince Prettypet and
the Butterfly ' (q.v.). At the same theatre
in 1858 he was in the original casts of
Robert Brough's 'Siege of Troy ' (g.i'.) and
Falconer's 'Francesca' (q.v.). In 1864 he
went to Liverpool as a member of the com-
pany of the Prince of Wales's Theatre,
whence he passed successively to the Amphi-
theatre and Alexandra Theatre in that city.
In 1867 he returned to London to undertake
the part of Dard in ' The Double Marriage '
(q.v.) at the Queen's Theatre. Since that
date he has been the first representative
of the following (and other) characters : —
Ben Garner in 'Dearer than Life' (1868),
Sparroio in ' Time and the Hour ' (1868),
Bumble in 'Oliver Twist' (1868), Spotty in
' The Lancashire Lass ' (1868), Count Roberto-
in ' La Vivandi^re ' (1868), the Stranger in
'The Stranger Stranger than Ever' (1868),
Joe Triggs in 'Not Guilty' (1869), Com-
mander Jarbi in ' Fernande' (1870), Granby
Gay in 'Jenny Lind at Last' (1871), Sir
Kidd Parkhouse in 'Coquettes' ('Two
Thorns,' 1871), Black Brandon in Burnand's
' My Poll and My Partner Joe' (1871), Baron
de Gondremarcke in 'La Vie Parisienne in
London ' (1872), Valentine in Herve's 'Doctor
Faust' (1872), Auricomus in 'Babil and
Bijou' (1872), Bibb in 'Bibb and Tucker'
(1873), Blue Beard in Farnie's extravaganza
(1875), Major Gunne Cotton in ' Tantalus '
1878), Claude in Younge's 'Lady of Lyons'
(1879), Don JosS in ' Carmen ; or. Sold for a
Song' (1879), Dick Luttrell in 'Light and
Shade' (1879), Laurent XVII. in 'La Mas-
cotte ' (1881), Lambertuccio in ' Boccaccio '
(1882), Nick Vedder in Planquette's 'Rip
Van Winkle' (1882), Baron Von Gondre-
marcke in 'La Vie' (1883), the Beadle in
Planquette's 'Nell Gwynne' (1SS4), Bill
Booty in 'The Babes' (1884), Mr. Busby
in 'The Paper-chase '(1888), Hide and Seekyll
in Grossmith's burlesque so named (1888),
Nick Nicolas in ' Mignonette ' (1889), Van-
derkoopen in 'La Cigale' (1S90), Beppo in
' The Baroness ' (1892), Habakuk in ' Once
upon a Time ' (1894), Murgatroyd in ' A
Bunch of Violets' (1894), M'Alister in
'Trilby' (1895), Sergeant Tarmer in 'The
Strange Adventures of Miss Brown ' (1895),
Rameses in ' The Mummy ' (1896). Among
other parts played by Lionel Brough axe-
Tony Lumpkin (St. James's, 1869, Opera
BROUGH
216
BROUGHAM
Comique, 1887), Captain John Smith in
' La Belle Sauvage ' (St. James's, 1869), Paul
Pry (St. James's, 1870), Dan in ' John Bull'
(Gaiety, 1873), Scrub in 'The Beaux' Stra-
tagem ' and Ollapod in ' The Poor Gentle-
man ' (Imperial, 1879), Touchstone (Imperial,
1880), Croaker in ' Good - Natured Man '
(Imperial, 1881), Drornio o/J?p/ies!fs (Alexan-
dra, Liverpool, 1881), Boh Acres (Haymarket,
1884, and Op^ra Comique. 1887), Snug in
' Midsummer Night's Dream ' (Haymarket,
1887), Lutiain ' The Wicked World ' (Savoy,
1883), Bardolph (Crystal Palace, 1888, and
Haymarket, 1896), the burglar in ' Editha's
Burglar' (Globe, 1888), Host of the Garter
in ' The Merry Wives ' (Haymarket, 1889),
Brisemouche in 'A Scrap of Paper' (Prince
of Wales's, 1892), and Dominie Crockett in
' Little Miss Nobody ' (Lyric Theatre, 1898).
Broug-hj RolDert. Actor, son of Robert
Barnabas Brough ; was in the first cast of
' A Thread of Silk ' (Crystal Palace, 1881),
'Little Robin Hood' (Gaiety Theatre, Lon-
don, 1882), and 'Silver Guilt' (Strand The-
atre, London, 1883). He played Zapeter in
'Princess Toto,' and Major McTurtle in
• Mother-in-Law,' at the Op^ra Comique
in 1881 ; also, Vulcan in Rose and Harris's
burlesque so named at the same theatre in
1882. Of late years he has been engaged as
actor and manager in Australia.
Broug-h, Robert Barnabas. Play-
wright and miscellaneous writer, born April,
1828 ; died June, 1S60 ; sole author of the fol-
lowing dramatic pieces :—' The Moustache
Movement' (1854), 'The Overland Journey
to Constantinople as undertaken by Lord
Bateman' (1854), 'Medea; or. The Best of
Mothers ' (1856), ' Crinoline ' (1S56), ' Masa-
niello ; or. The Fish'oman of Naples ' (1857),
'The Siege of Troy' (1858), 'Alfred the
Great ' (1859), ' Open to Conviction ' (1870),
' The Doge of Duralto,* ' Kensington Gar-
dens ' (an adaptation), and ' The Twelve
Labours of Hercules.' He wrote, with his
brother William, 'The Enchanted Isle'
(1S4S), ' Camaralzaman and Badoura '(1848),
* Frankenstein ' (1849), ' The Sphinx ' (1849),
'The Latest Edition of Ivanhoe' (1850),
' Richard Cujur de Lion ' (1S53) ; with R.
Reece, ' Ulf the Minstrel' (1860) ; and, with
H. Sutherland Edwards, ' Mephistopheles ;
or. An Ambassador from Below' {q.v.).
Among his publications was ' A Cracker
Bonbon for Christmas Parties, consisting of
Christmas Pieces for Private Representa-
tion,' three in number. R. B. Brough
married Elizabeth Romer (q.v.) in 135 1. See
memoir by G. A. Sala prefixed to ' Marston
Lynch ' (1860), ' Reminiscences of an Old
Bohemian,' E. Yates's ' Recollections.' See
Brough, Fa>'ny and Robert.
Broug-h, Sidney. Actor ; son of Lionel
Brough {q.v.) ; was in the first cast of
' Civil War ' (1887), ' Nitocris ' (1887), ' In-
cognito ' (1888), ' Why Women Weep ' (1888),
'Held Asunder' (1888), and 'The Paper
Chase ' (1888). Since then he has been
the original Wilfred in 'The Profligate'
(1»89), Dick in ' A Pair of Spectacles ' (la90),
Ned Annesley in ' Sowing the Wind' (1893
Sir Thomas Dovergreen in 'The Rogue
Comedy ' (1896), and the Chevalier Moffat i
' The Vagabond King' (1897), besides bein
in the first cast of ' Robin Goodfellow
(1893), 'Dick Sh^dan' (1894), 'The Horn
Secretary' (1895), 'The Happy Life '(1897
etc. He has also been seen in London a
Charles in 'Our Boys '(1^87), the Duke c
Mull in 'Moths' (1890), Charles Oakley i
' The Jealous Wife ' (1892), etc.
Brougrh, "William. Playwright an
miscellaneous writer, born April, 1826 ; die
March, 1870 ; author of the following dr;
matic pieces :— ' Apartments ' (1831), ' Prim
Prettypet and the Butterfly' (1854), 'Bon;
Fide Travellers ' (1854), ' La Belle Alliance
(1854), 'Perdita; or. The Royal Milkmaic
(1856), ' Conrad and Medora' (1856), 'Dinora
under Diflficulties ' (1359), 'The Sylphidr
(1860), 'Perseus and Andromeda' (1861.
'Rasselas, Prince of Abyssinia' (1862'
'King Arthur ; or. The Days and Knigh
of the Round Table ' (1863), ' Hercules ar
Omphale; or, The Power of Love' (186^
' Ernani ; or, The Horns of a Dilemmi'
(1865), 'Prince Amabel' (1865). 'Papill
netta ' (1866), ' Pygmalion ; or. The Stati
Fair ' (1867), 'Kind to a Fault ' (1S67), 'Ti
Caliph of Bagdad ' (1867), ' The Field of tl
Cloth of Gold' (1868), 'The Gnome Kin
(1868), ' Turko the Terrible ' (1868), 'Joan
Arc ; or. The Maid of All He 'Uns' (1861
' The Flying Dutchman ; or. The Demi
Seaman ' (1869), 'ITrying it On ' (ISi^O) ; als
of 'A Comical Countess,' 'Endymion; c
The Naughty Boy who Cried for the Mooi
' Jhe Great Sensation Trial ; or, Circui
stantial Effie-Deans,' 'How to make Hor
Happy,' ' Lalla Rookh,' ' No. 1 Round t
Corner,' ' A Phenomenon in a Smock Free
etc. He wrote several pieces in coUaboi
tion with his brother, Robert B. Brou.
(q-v.). With Dr. Franck he ^vTote 'Kicksa
Halfpence' and 'The Tale of a Coat' (185;
and, with A. Halliday (Duff), ' The Censu
(1861), ' The Colleen Bawn Settled at Lai
(1862), 'An April Fool' (1864), 'The Ai
Belle' (1861). 'The Actor's Retreat' (186
' Doing Banting ' (1864), ' Going to t
Dogs' (1865), 'The Mudborough Electio,
' My Heart's in the Highlands,' ' The Pre
Horsebreaker,' 'Upstairs and Downstau
• A Valentine,' etc.
Broug-ham, John. Actor and pi;
Wright, born in Dublin, May 9, 1810; d
in New York on June 7, 1880 ; was educal
at Trinity College in his native city, a
for a time " walked" the Peter Street H
pital there. His first appearance as an ac
was made in July, 1830, at the Tottenh
(afterwards Prince of Wales's) Theatre
'Tom and Jerry,' in which he enacted,
says, " some twelve or fourteen parts."
1831 he was engaged by Mdme. Vestris
the Olympic, whence he went with her
Covent Garden. In 1S40 he became mana ,
of the Lyceum, retiring from it in 1842
order to' make his American debut as
actor at the Park Theatre, New Yc
Alter this came a starring tour throi .
BROUGHAM
217
BROUGHTON
he States, followed by an engagement at
L kurton's Tlieatre, and by a term of manage-
fient at Niblo's Garden, New York. On
i)ecember 23, 1850, Brougham opened the
heatre, named after himself, in Broadway,
'ircumstances, however, made the specula-
ion a failure. Going in July, 1856, to the
lowery, he revived there ' King John.' He
ext joined Wallack's company, after which
e rejoined Burton's. In September, 1860,
e went to England, where he remained for
ve years, returning to America in October,
IB65, when he made his rentree at the Winter
»j ifarden Theatre, New York. He afterwards
vent to the Olympic, to Wallack's, and so
jrth. On January 25, 1869, he opened a
acond " Brougham's Theatre " (on the site
f the present Madison Square playhouse),
•ut retired from its control in the April
allowing. From that date till his death
e was connected with stock companies in
few York, his last appearance taking
lace at Booth's Theatre on October 25,
379. "His rank among actors," writes
ruiiam Winter, "it is difficult to assign,
[e excelled in humour rather than in
athos or sentiment, and was at his best
1 the expression of comically eccentric
baracter. Among the parts that will live
,1 the memory, as associated with his name,
•re Stout in ' ]\Ioney,' Dennis Brulgruddery
\\ 'John Bull,' Sir Lucius O'Trigger in
The Rivals,' Cuttle, Micawber, Bagstock,
'Grady in ' Arrah-na- Pogue,' Dazzle in
London Assurance,' Cajitain Murphy Ma-
tare in 'The Serious Family,' and 0' Calla-
han in ' His Last Legs.' His animal spirits,
ash, vigour, and brilliancy, in these parts,
■ere great ; he entered deeply into their
oirit ; he could be consciously joyous or
nconsciously droll ; he was never for an
istant out of the stage picture ; and he
3oke the language witli delicious purity."
lis, first dramatic composition was a bur-
i'sque for W. E. Burton, written about
i31. Between 1840 and 1842 he wrote
Life in the Clouds,' ' Love's Livery,' ' En-
'lusiasm,' and 'Tom Thumb the Second;'
etween 1842 and 1850, ' Bunsby's Wedding,'
The Confidence Man,' ' Don Cfesar tie
assoon,' ' Vanity Fair,' ' The Irish Yankee,'
Benjamin Franklin,' 'All's Fair in Love,'
The Irish Emigrant,' ' Dombey and Son '
Captation), ' The Haunted JNIan,' ' Home,'
nd ' Ambrose Germaine ; ' between 1850 and
^56, ' The World's Fair,' ' Faustus,' ' The
pirit of Air,' 'Row at the Lyceum,' and
i.vo adaptations—' David Coppertield ' and
The Actress of Padua ; ' between 1856 and
560, 'The Pirates of the Mississippi,' 'The
.ed Mask,' ' Orion, the Gold Beater,' ' Tom
ad Jerry in America,' ' The Miller of New
ersey,' ' The Game of Love,' ' Bleak House '
idaptation), ' My Cousin German,' ' A
'ecided Case,' 'The Game of Life,' 'Poca-
ontas,' 'Neptune's Defeat,' 'Love and
,Iurder,' 'Romance and Reality,' 'The
.; Luling Passion,' 'Playing with Fire,' ' Co-
imbus,' 'This House to be Sold,' etc.;
letween 1860 and 1865, ' The Duke's Motto,'
'Bel Demonio,' ' The Mystery of Audley
Jourt,' and ' Only a Clod '—all adaptations
— ' While there's Life there's Hope,' ' The
Might of Right,' ' The Golden Dream,' and
the libretti of ' Blanche de Nevers,' ' The
Demon Lovers,' and ' The Bride of Venice ; '
between 1865 and 1879, ' FHes in the Web,'
' The Nervous Man and the Man of Nerve.'
'O'Donnell's Mission,' 'The Christian Mar-
tyrs,' 'Little Nell and the Marchioness,"
' Hearts ; or, The Serpents of Society,'
'The Lottery of Life,' 'The Emerald Ring,'
* Better Late than Never,' ' Irish Stew,'
' Much Ado about a Merchant of Venice,'
'The Red Light,' 'Minnie's Luck,' 'John
Garth,' 'The Lily of France,' 'Slander,'
' Good-Bye,' and ' Home Rule.' He claimed
to be part-author with Boucicault of ' Lon-
don Assurance ' {q.v.), and collaborated with
Mark Lemon in 'The Demon Gift' {q.v.).
" Those of his dramatic works in which he
himself took most pleasure, and in which
the student will hereafter discern the most
of the man, are" (says W. Winter) "the
burlesque of 'Columbus,' the blank-verse
drama of 'The Lily of France,' and the
comedy of 'Playing with Fire.' They con-
tain delicate thought, poetic suggestion,
sweet-tempered satire, contemplative philo-
sophy, and pathos." Brougham was twice
married, and in each case to an actress —
Emma Williams (died 1865), seen in London
circa 1836-1852 and in New York circa 1852-
1859; and Mrs. Hodges (died 1870), who
acted in London in 1830, and made her
American c?e'6r<i in 1833. See Ireland's 'New
York Stage' (1866), 'The Life, Stories, and
Poems of John Brougham,' edited by W.
Winter (1881), Winter's ' Shadows of the
Stage ' (1893), etc.
Broug:h.t to Book. (1) A comedietta
by F. Hay, Charing Cross Theati'e, August
20, 1875. (2) A comedy-drama by G. H.
Macdermott and Henry Pettitt, Bri-
tannia Theatre, London, May 8, 1876.
Broug-ht to Justice. A drama by
Henry Pettitt {q.v.) and Paul Meritt
iq.v.), produced at the Surrey Theatre on
March 27, 1880.
Broug-ht to Lig-lit ; or, Watching-
and Winning-. A drama, in a prologue
and four acts, by T. A. Palmer (g.u), pro-
duced at Plymouth in 1868. (2) ' Brought
to Light :' a drama by J. Percival, Aber-
deen, March, 1872. (3) ' Brought to Light : '
a drama by E. Darbey, Greenwich, July,
1890.
Broug-ht Tog-ether. A comedy in
one act, by Fred. Mouillot, Elephant and
Castle Theatre, London, October 29, 1894.
Broug-hton, Frederick W. Dramatic
writer, born 1851, died May 16, 1894;
author of ' A Labour of Love ' (1875),
• Withered Leaves ' (1875), ' Ruth's Romance '
(1876), ' Light and Shade ' (1877), ' A Debt of
Honour' (1879), ' Sunshine ' (1880), ' A Good
Turn' (1880), 'Glass Houses' (1881), libretto
of ' A Simple Sweep ' (ISSi^, ' One Summer's
Night' (1S82), 'Elsie' (1883). 'Before the
Mast ' (1884), ' Written in Sand ' (1884), ' The
Circassian,' adapted (1887), 'The Beggar*
BROUGHTON
218
BROWN
(1889), 'The Poet' (18S9), 'A Soldier of
Fortune' (1889), 'Fool's Mate' (1SS9), 'The
Bailiff ' (1890), ' A Peer of the Realm ' (1890),
libretto of ' Edelweiss ' (1893). He was also
co-author, with J. Wilton Jones, of ' Chris-
tine ' (1879) and ' The Trump Card ' (1882) ;
with Henry Pettitt, of 'Sisters' (1883);
with Walter Browne, of ' Once Again '
(1884) ; with H. P. Taylor, of ' Caprice '
(1889) ; and with S, B. Lawrence, of * Her
Own Rival ' (1889).
Brougrhton, Pliyllis. Actress, dancer,
and vocalist ; tigured, at the Gaiety, Lon-
don, in the original casts of 'The Forty
Thieves ' (1880), '"Whittington and his Cat '
(1881), 'Aladdin' (1881), 'Little Robin
Hood ' (1882), ' Blue Beard ' (1883), ' Ariel '
(1883), ' Caraaralzaman ' (ISbi) ; at the
Avenue, in the first casts of ' Indiana' (1886),
' Robinson Crusoe ' (1886), 'The Old Guard'
(1887), • The Other Little Lord Fondleboy '
(1888) ; at the Prince of Wales's, in the
original casts of ' Paul Jones ' (1889), ' Mar-
jorie ' (1890), and ' Captain Therese ' (1890).
She was the first representative of Catherine
in 'Joan of Arc' (1891), Prue in 'Richard
Savage '(1891), Susan in 'Too Lovely Black-
Eyed Susan ' (1892), Lord Clanside in ' In
Town ■ (1892), Rebecca in ' All My Eye Van-
hoe ' (1894). She has also been seen as
Suzamie in ' Madame Favart ' (1887). Lady
Betty in 'The Highwayman' (1892), and
Lady Catherine in 'Dandy Dan' (1897).—
Her sister, Emma Broughton, also an
actress, was the original Tolco in ' Camaral-
zaman ' (Gaiety, London, 18i4) and Philippa
in ' Mynheer Jan ' (Comedy Theatre, 1887),
and appeared in ' On Toast ' (Avenue The-
atre, 1888).
Brougliton, Thomas. Prebendary
of Bedminster, born 1704, died 1774 ; author
of ' Hercules,' a musical drama printed in
1745.
Browdie, John, figures in E. Stir-
ling's ' Nicholas Nickleby ' {q.v.) and ' The
Fortunes of Smike.'
Brown. This name has been borne by
a very large number of dramatic personages.
For example:— (1) Brown, in Reece's
'Brown and the Brahmins' {q.v.). (2)
Brown, in A. Clements' 'Two Blinds'
{q.v.). {S) Barbican Brown, in J. M. Mor-
ton's 'Waiting for an Omnibus' {q.v.). (4)
Ben Sidi Bedreddin Broivn, the "pacha of
Pimlico," in J. M. Morton's farce of that
name (g.u). (5) Cajjtain Bickering Broivn,
in G. H. Lewes' 'Lawyers' {q.v.). (6)
Cobham Brown, in Byron's 'Tottles' {q.v.).
(7) David Brown, in Planche's ' Court
Favour' {q.v.). (8) Hidda Brown, the
"widow," in 'The Danites ' {q.v.). (9)
King Brown, Tyrant of the Silly Islands, in
Planche's 'Golden Branch' {q.v.). (10)
Mark Antony and Plato Brown, in J. P.
Wooler's 'Keep your Temper '(5. v.). (11)
Molly Brown, the heroine of G. A. A Bec-
kett's ' Roof-Scrambler' {q.v). (12) Mont-
gomery and Mrs. Brown, in J. P. SIMPSON and
H. Merivale's ' Time and the Hour ' {q.v.).
CIS) Mrs. Broivn, in H. J. Byron'S '1863*
{q.v.). (14) Samuel Brown, the Liverpc
merchant, in T. Taylor and A. W. E
BOURG'S 'New Men and Old Acres' (g.i;
(15) Tamberlik Brown, a "sensation voc
ist," in T. J. Williams's ' My Dress Bool
{q.v.). (16) Triptolemus Brown, in J.
Morton's ' Drawing-rooms, etc' (17) W
verly and Lucy Brown, in H. J. Byro
'Old Story' {q.v.). (18) Wilton Brov
"the secretary," in Sheridan Knowle
play of that name {q.v.). (19) Wind
Broivn, in J. M. Morton's ' Away w;'
Melancholy (9.V.). (20) ZachariahBroi
in C. S. Cheltnam's * Christmas Eve ii
Watch-house ' {q.v.).
Brown. The name of an actor ^
succeeded Sheridan in 1759 as manager
the Dublin Theatre, and was most nota '
for his impersonation of the Copper Capti
{q.v.). See ' Thespian Dictionary ' (1805).
Brown, Anthony. Author of "]
Fatal Retirement,' a tragedy (1739).
Brown, Charles Armitag'e. S
cellaneous writer ; author of the iibrettc '
an opera called ' Narensky ' {q.v.), publisl'.
in 1814, and of ' Shakespeare's Autobiog
phical Poems, being his Sonnets clearly •
veloped, with his Character dra^n ch!;-
from his Works' (1838). See Hought' ;
'Life of Keats' (1848), Forster's 'Life:
Landor ' (1S69), Dilke's ' Papers of a Cri '
(1875), For man's edition of the works ;f
Keats (1883).
Brown, Jessie. See Jessie Brow;
Brown, J. Author of 'The Stagri
poem containing strictures on various act '
(1819). !
Brown, John. Vicar of St. Niche,
Newcastle ; born 1715, died 1766 ; mis;-
laneous writer ; author of two tragedi' -
'Barbarossa' (1754) and ' Athelstan' (1^ ,
both of which see. See, also, the ' Biograi i
Britannica.'
Brown, Miss, The Strange i -
ventures of. See Strange Adventui ..
Brown, Mrs., actress, after mal,|
her mark at Bath and Norwich (1782-,),
was engaged for Covent Garden, "wiii
Yiew" (says Genest) "to counter-act ] '.
Jordan, but the latter had the advantag 'f
youth, and was too well established in e
favour of the town to be hurt by I >•
Brown," whose London debut, it may b(,;-
corded, was as Miss Prue in ' Love r
Love' (January 28, 1786). See Brun' f,
Anna.
Brown Potter, Mrs. See Poi'ii
Mrs. Brown.
Brown, T. Allston. Author of * 5*
tory of the American Stage ' (1870).
Brown, Thomas. Miscellaneous wr r,
born 1663, died 1704; author of 'Ph,c
Lies a-Bleeding; or. The Apothecary tu a
Doctor,' a comedy (1697) ; ' The Stage B' x
toss'd in a Blanket ; or, Hypocrisy . la
Mode ' (1-704) ; and ' The Dispensary,' a i ;e
BROWN
219
BROWNING
—all unacted. See ' Biographia Dramatica '
(1812) and memoir prefixed to Brown's Col-
lected Works (1707-8).
Brown, Vandyke. See Vandyke
Brown.
1 Brown and the Brahmins ; or,
ICaptain Pop and the Princess
Prettyeyes. An Oriental burlesque,
[founded on the story of 'La Veuve de
Malabar' (q.v.), by Robert Reece {q.v.),
land first performed at the Globe Theatre,
London, on January 23, 1869, with J. Clarke
as Broton, E. Marshall as Tomidod the Tre-
mendous, H. Andrews as Gallipots (the royal
physician). Miss Maggie Brennan as Keemo-
fKimo, Miss L. ^Morgan as Captain Pop, and
IMiss C. Thorne as Princess Prettyeyes.
Among the other characters are Lieut.
iLardy-Dardy and Major Hawhaw.
\ Browne. (1) The Chevalier Browne is
a character in T. W. Robertson's * Play '
{q.v.). (2) Holland Broivne is a retired
Imen-draper in T. J. Williams's ' Jack's
Delight.' (3) Otway Sheridan Browne
figures in T. J. Williams's 'I've written
to Browne ' {q.v.).
Browne, Gr. "Walter. Actor, vocalist,
and dramatic writer, born 1856 ; made bis
dihut as an actor at the Theatre Royal,
York, in 1875, as Sidney Daryl in 'Society,'
jand his first appearance in London in 1881
at the Savoy Theatre as Colonel Calverly in
' Patience ; ' he was afterwards engaged at
the Adelphi, the Crystal Palace, the Royalty,
the German Reeds', etc. He is author of
[the following stage pieces :— ' Hearts and
Homes ' (1876), ' A ( amera Obscura ' (1879),
• A Wet Day ' (1884), ' Im-Patience ' (18S4),
ilibretto of ' A Love Game ' (1885), ' Helter-
Skelter' (1886), libretto of 'The Bosun's
(Mate ' (1888), libretto of ' IMates ' (1890), and
libretto of 'Possession' (1S90).
I Browne, Moses. Vicar of Olney,
[Bucks, born 1703, died 1787 ; author of
'Polidus; or, Distress'd Love,' a tragedy,
and ' All Bedevil'd ; or. The House in a
Hurry,' a farce, both printed in 1723.
I Browne, Solomon James. Actor,
born August, 1791 ; was educated at Eton,
iud for a time was a clerk in Doctors' Com-
mons. His dt^but as an actor was made at
Hertford in 1807 ; and he had had a long and
varied experience of the provincial stage
^hen, on October 7, 1823, he made his first
appearance in London at Drury Lane (under
lEUiston) as Lord Foppington in ' The Trip to
Scarborough' {q.v.). In Oxberry's ' Dramatic
Biography ' (1825) we read of Browne :
•' His Bromley (' Simpson and Co.') is a good
performance, and much resembles Mr. C.
Kemble's style of playing light comedy.
Elis Donald ('Falls of Clyde') was one of
the best pieces of melodramatic acting we
aver beheld. Mr. Browne appears to us
to stand above what Elliston noAV is, and
second only to Charles Kenible as a light co-
meclian." Browne first appeared in America
it the National Theatre, New York, in 1838,
as i?o5 Acres He was seen at Laura Keene's
Theatre in 1858 as Sir Harcourt Courtly
Ireland says : " He was a versatile and ac-
complished artist, especially in light and
eccentric comedy and certain grades of melo-
drama. Bob Acres, Jeremy Liddler, Rover,
Young Rapid, and Bob Logic are specimens
of character in which he was peculiarly
happy. His Robert Macaire, Dazzle, and
Sergeant Austerlitz have not been equalled
on the New York stage."
Browne, William. Poet, born 1590,
died 1645 ; author of ' The Inner Temple
Masque, printed in his Works in 1772. See
memoir by W. C. Hazlitt prefixed to an
edition of the Works (1868).
Browne the Martyr. A farce in one
act, by D. Templeton Lucas, first per-
formed at the Court Theatre, London in
January, 1872, with W. J. Hill as Broivne,
and other parts by W. Belford and ]\Iiss
Santon ; revived, under the title of ' The
Martyr,' at the Vaudeville Theatre, Lon-
don, in November, 1892, with C. Ash-
ford, D. Fleet, and Miss Abington in the
cast.
Brownie's Briff (The). See Wraith
OF the Lake.
Browning-, Rohert. Poet and dra-
matist, born 1812, died 1889 ; author of
the following acted plays :—' Strafford*
(1837), *A Blot in the 'Scutcheon' (1843),
' Colombe's Birthday ' (1853), ' In a Balcony '
(1884), and ' A Soul's Tragedy ' (1904), all of
which see ; author, also, of the following
poetic dramas : — ' Pippa Passes ' (1841),
' King Victor and King Charles ' (1842), ' The
Return of the Druses ' (1843), and ' Luria '
(1S46). See Macready's ' Reminiscences '
(1875), W. L. Courtney's ' Studies, Old and
New ' [' Robert Browning, Writer of Plays ']
(1888), W. Sharp's 'Life of Robert Brown-
ing' (1890). Gos.se's 'Robert Browning :
Personalia' (1890), Mrs. Orr's 'Life and
Letters of Robert Browning' (1891), 'The
Letters of Robert and Elizabeth Browning '
(1899), 'The Court and Society Review'
[' Browning on the Stage '] (March, 1888).
"The dramatic genius of Browning," says
Edward Dowden, "was in the main of the
static kind ; it studies with extraordinary
skill and subtlety character in position ; it
attains only an imperfect or a laboured
success with character in movement. . . .
Thought and emotion with him do not
circutate freely through a group of persons,
receiving some modification from each. He
deals most successfully with each individual
as a single and separate entity. . . . Brown-
ing's tragedies are tragedies without villains.
The world is here the villain, which has
baits and snares wherewith to entangle its
victims" ('Robert Browning,' 1904). The
last stanza of Browning's lyric, 'A Light
Woman,' runs—
"Well, anyhow, here the story stays,
So far at least as I understand ;
And, Robert Browning, you writer of plays.
Here's a subject made to your hand."
BROWNJOHN
220
ERUNTOX
Brownjohn, Mr. John, in J. M.
^Morton's 'Done on Both ttides ' {q.v.).
Brownlee, Mrs. The widow in Bron-
SON Howard's ' Old Love-Letters' {q.v.).
Brownsmitli, John. Author of ' The
Theatrical Alphabet, containing a catalogue
of several hundred Parts (both Men's and
Women's) in different Plays and Farces,
with the number of Lengths noted that each
Part contains, carefully disposed in alpha-
betical order ' (1767).
Brownsmith, Jones Robinson, in
C. J. Matthews's ' Little Toddlekins ' ((/. v.)-
Brozzo. A character in W. H. Ox-
berry's ' Matteo Falcone.
Bruce, Edg-ar. Actor and manager ;
died 1901 ; made his debut in the former
character in 1868 at Liverpool, his first
appearance in London taking place in
August, 1S69, at the Strand Theatre as
Chateau Renaucl in 'The Pilgrim of Love'
iq.v.). In 1871 he went to America, where
he was seen in some of the leading roles
of Robertsonian comedy. In 1873-4 he
was engaged at the Court Theatre, Lon-
don, where he was the original Sir Walter
Mervyn in 'About Town' {q.v.), Stephen
Luttrell in 'Marriage Lines' {q.v.). Dr.
Micklethivaite in ' Alone' (g. v.), Woodpecker
Tapping in 'The Wedding March' {q.v.).
Jack Benedict in 'Brighton' {q.v.), etc. In
1875, after a season at the St. James's, he
became lessee, for a few months, of the
Haymarket, whence he went, in 1876, as
manager, to the Globe. In 1878 he played
Greythorne in ' Pink Dominos ' at the Cri-
terion. The following year found him lessee
of the Royalty, where he was the original
Guy Devereux in ' Crutch and Toothpick '
{q.v.). At the Prince of Wales's, in 1880,
he was the first representative of Herbert
Jkissell in 'Annie Mie' {q.v.). In 1883 he
was lessee of the Imperial Theatre, and in
1884 he opened the Prince's [now Prince
of Wales's] Theatre, of which he was pro-
prietor, appearing in the opening bill as Sir
G. Carlyon in ' Honour Bound' {qv.). He
was seen at the Comedy Theatre in 1887
as Colonel Woottiveel Woodd in Burnand's
'Colonel' {q.v.), sl character in Avhich he
afterwards figured in the provinces.
Bruce, Edith. Actress ; made her Lon-
don d6but at Covent Garden Theatre in
August, 1872, as Wanda in 'Babil and
Bijou ' {q.v.). Since then her original parts
have included Parker in ' The Great Divorce
Case ' (1876), Miss Barron in ' Pink Dominos '
(1877), Miss Tudor in 'The Worship of
Bacchus' (1879), Mary Greville in 'An Eng-
lish Gentleman ' (1879), Mrs. De Courcy in
♦ Unlimited Cash ' (1879), Helen MacGregor
in 'Robbing Boy' (1879), Inez in 'Trova-
tore' (1880), Josephine in 'A Bridal Tour'
(1880), Mary Maguire in ' Taken from Life '
(1881), Captain Horsley Doivn in ' Silver
Guilt' (1883), Phoebe Wood in ' A Run of
Luck' (1886), Cicely Manners in 'The Ar-
mada' (1888), Nanette Potin in 'Paul
Ivauvar ' (1890), etc. She has also been seen
in London as Cribbage in 'Daisy Farm
(Gaiety Theatre, 1879), Mrs. Alston ir
' Brighton ' (Olympic Theatre, 1880), Nan h
' Where's the Cat?' (Criterion Theatre, 1880 ^
3[r.i. Guyer in 'A Trip to Chinatown
(Toole's, 1894), and the " hero " of numerou;
pantomimes.
Bruin, King-. The "usurper" ii
PluiNCHE's ' Good Woman in the Wood
{q.v.). {2) Mr. and Mrs. Bruin are cha
racters in S. Foote's ' Mayor of Garratt
{q.v.).
Brulg-rudderjr, Dennis. The ini!
keeper in Colman jun.'s ' John Bull ' (g.i;.).
Brum. A farce (with music) by Frax;
Desprez, first performed at the Theatr
Royal, Leeds, on March 15, 1880.
Brummag-em, in Hoare's 'Lock an^
Key' {q.v.).
Brummell, Beau. See Beau Brdji'
MELL. ;
Brunette, in 'Yes or Xo' {q.v.).
Brunhilda. The '■ vampire bride" i.
G. Blink's drama of that name.
Bruno; or, The Sultan's Favou:
ite. A "comic extravaganza," brought oi^
at the Adelphi Theatre, London, in 182
and played at Bath in the following yea
under the title of ' Bashaw and the Bear.'
Bruno, Pascal. See Pascal Bruno.
Bruno le Fileux. See Spitalfieli
Weaver, The.
Brunton, Ann. See Merry, Mrs.
Brunton, Annie. Actress ; daught'
of Elizabeth Brunton Robertson {q.v.
played Bartje in ' Annie Mie ' (1880) ai
Addle in ' Too Late ' (1881) ; author of t •
following dramatic pieces :— ' The Fami
Ghost' (1881), 'Won by Honours' (188:
and 'The Queen of Diamonds' (1S82).
Brunton, Elizabeth. SeeROBERTSC
Elizabeth Brunton.
Brunton, Elizabeth. See Yatj
Mrs. Frederick.
Brunton, John. Actor and theatri'
manager ; son of a soap-maker at Norwii
and originally a grocer and tea-dealer
Drury Lane; appeared at Covent Garc
Theatre in 1774 as Hamlet a.nd Cyrus; v
afterwards engaged as a "stock " perfora
at Norwich and at Bath, eventually becom
manager of the Norwich "circuit." '
* The Thespian Dictionary ' (1805) ; al
Brunton, Ann, John, and Louisa.
Brunton, John. Actor, born 1775 ; i
of the above ; took to the stage about I'i
at Lincoln ; played afterwards at Norwi(
made his London debut at Covent Garder.
September, 1800, and remained in Lon(
for a time, returning in 1804 to the provin< .
where he managed several playhouses. •
was at one period proprietor of the Vi '•
London Theatre. He was brother of ii
and Louisa Brunton, and father of i •
BRUNTON
BUBBLES OF THE DAY
jFretlerick Yates (q.v.). See ' The Thespian
Dictionary ' (1805) and Oxberry's ' Dramatic
biography '(1826).
Brunton, Louisa [Countess of Craven].
\.ctress ; daughter of John Brunton, sen.
q.v.); born in February, 1782, died August,
,860; made her professional cUbut at Covent
jarden Theatre, October 5, 1803, as Lady
Voimly in 'The Provoked Husband' (^. v.).
>he was the original representative of such
Characters as Emily in ' The Wheel of
^rtune' iq.v.) and Julia in ' The School of
leform' {q.v.), and among her other roles
vere Beatrice (' ^Much Ado '), Celia, Lady
inne (Richard III.'), Rosara ('She Would
,nd She Would Not'), /?-ene (' Barbarossa ')
)on'nf?« ('Beaux Stratagem'), etc. Oxberry
ays that " from the retirement of Miss
''arren (April 8, 1796) no actress in the pre-
criptiveline of genteel comedy had so much
ntranced the town. Her person was tall,
lovely, and commanding, and the pleasure
ler friends felt in her being raised to the
;ank of a countess, by her marriage with the
i]arl of Craven [about 1807], was exceeded
■y the regret with which the town re-
inquished such an actress" ('Dramatic
"iography '), See Genest's ' English Stage,'
Brunton, Mrs. Anna, born 1773 ;
'aughter of Mrs. Brown the actress, and wife
f John Brunton (q.v.) ; author of ' The
!ottagers,' a comic opera, printed in 17S8.
Brush. (1) Valet to Lord Oglehy in COL-
!AN, sen., and Garrick's ' Clandestine
larriage.' (2) A character in ' The Village
tpera.' (3) A character in Rod WELL'S
I'll be your Second ' {q.v.).
Brute, Sir John and Lady. The
?ading characters in Vanbrugh s * Pro-
oked Wife'(g.y.).
Brutus, Lucius Junius. This famous
^ornan statesman and patriot is the central
gure of several dramas by English writers :
'-(1) 'Lucius Junius Brutus {q.v.), the
'ather of his Country,' by Nat Lee {q.v.)
.681). (2) 'Lucius Junius Brutus' {q.v.),
y Wm. Buncombe (1734). (3) 'Lucius
unius Brutus' (g. v.), bv Hugh Downman
orinted in 1779). (4) ' The Sibyl ; or, The
;ider Brutus' {q.v.), by Richard Cumber-
AND {q.v.). (5) ' Brutus ; or. The Fall of
larquin : ' a play by John Howard Payne
\l.v^, founded upon all the above-named
kieces, and first performed at Drury Lane
b December 3, 1818, with Edmund Kean in
he title part, D. Fisher as Titus, H. Kemble
[s Sextus, S. Penley as Aruns, Bengnugh
IS CoUatinus, Mrs. Glover as Tullia'^ Mrs.
V. West as Tarquinia, and Mrs. Robinson
fs Lucretia; revived at Dmiry Lane in
anuary, 1854. with G. V. Brooke as the
ero and G. Bennett as Sextus. See Ge-
;est's analysis of the play. (6) 'Junius'
p-). by Edward, Lord Lytton(1S85). See
i pe Theatre for March, 1885.
Brutus, Marcus Junius, figures in
. Taylor's ' Payable on Demand' {q.v.).
^ Brutus, Marcus, in Shakespeajie's
' Juhus Cc-vsar ' {q.v.), conspires against, and
helps to assassinate, Ccesar (see act iii. so.
1). His apology for the assassination occurs
in the following scene ; his encounter with
the ghost of Ccesar, in act iv. sc. 3 ; his
suicide, in act v. sc. 5. "The death of
Brutus," says Hazlitt, " is worthy of him—
it has the dignity of the Roman senator
with the firmness of the stoic philosopher."
See '2 Henry VL,' iv. 1, and 'Hamlet,'
iii. 1 ; also, Buckinghamshire.
Brutus lache Cesar. See Delicate
Ground.
Brutus of Alba; or, The En-
chanted Lovers. A tragedy by Nahum
Tate {q.v.), founded on the 4th ^neid, and
licensed for performance at Dorset Garden,
in July, 1678. It is "partly built" (says
Genest) on the " ridiculous story " that, after
the _ destruction of Troy, Brutus and other
Trojans came to Albion, killed its giant popu-
lation, called the country Britain, and built
London. " The storm which drives Brutus
and the Queen [of Syracuse] to the cave is
raised by the enchantment of the sorceress
Ragusa." (2) ' Brutus of Alba ; or, Augusta's
Triumph : ' an opera performed at Dorset
Garden in 1696. It is a kind of sequel to
Tate's play, from which the anonymous
author has borrowed the names of £-3veral
characters ; some characters, and portions
of the text, are from Massinger's ' Virgin
Martyr ' {q.v.). " Brutus, who returns with
conquest from the Gallic wars, is meant as
a sort of compliment to King William, on
whose welfare the fate of Augusta (London)
depends " (Genest).
Brutus, the Crooked, in Planch^'s
' Once upon a Time there were Two Kings '
{q.v.).
Brutus TJltor. A tragedy by jNIichael
Field {q.v.), in five acts and in verse, pub-
lished in 1886.
Bryanstone, Bob. A small coal-dealer
in Mark Lemon's ' Jack in the Green ' {q.v.)
Bubble. (1) The "city gallant" in
Green's ' Tu Quoque ' {q.v.). (2) A lawj-er's
clerk in E. Falconer's ' Does he Love me?'
(3) A Mr. and Mrs. Bubble figure in H. T.
Craven's ' One Tree Hill ' {q.v.).
Bubble and Squeak. A farce by
Frederic Hay {q.v.), first performed at
the Vaudeville Theatre, London, on May
12, 1871.
Bubble Reputation (A). A farcical
comedy in three acts, by James Willing
{q.v.) and John Douglas {q.v.), produced
at the Standard Theatre, London, on April
6, 1885. — "Seeking the bubble reputation"
— ' As You Like It,' iii. 7 {Jaques).
Bubbles. A comedietta by C. S. Faw-
CETT {q.v.), first performed at the Gaiety
Theatre, London, in October, ISSl.
Bubbles of the Day. A comedy by
Douglas Jerrold {q-v.), first performed at
Covent Garden oa February 25, 1842, with
BUCHANAN
222
BUCKINGHAM
W. Farren as Lord Skindee}), M.P., Bartley
as Spreadu'easel, W. Lacy as Melon, J.
Vining as Chatham Broicn, M.P., Charles
Mathews as Captain Smoke, Harley as Sir
Phenix Clearcake, Meadows as Malmsey
Shark, Mrs. Nisbett as Pamela Spreadiveasel,
Mrs. W. Lacy as Ftorentia, and Mrs. Orger
as Guinea. Pamela and Melon (a barrister)
are engaged, and if they do not marry must
pay a penalty ; the former, however, is in
love with Broion, and the latter Avith Flo-
rentia. Skindeep is a pseudo-philanthropist,
Spreadweasel an unprincipled merchant,
Sm^ke a company-promoter, Clearcake an
ex-auctioneer, Shark a wine-merchant and
money-lender, and Guinea a lady's maid.
Buchanan, Elizabeth. An actress
engaged at Lincoln's Inn Fields between
172S and 1732, and at Covent Garden between
1732 and 1736. She played such parts as
Calphurnia, Lady Macduff, Desdemona,
Cressida, Aspaiia ('The Maid's Tragedy'),
Almeyda (' Don Sebastian '), Fidelia (' 'The
Plain Dealer'), Marcia ('Cato')i Almeria
(' The Mourning Bride '), etc.
Buchanan, McKean. Actor, born in
Philad^elphia, February, 1S23 ; son of a pay-
master in the U.S. Navy ; himself served as
midshipman ; made his debut as an actor at
New Orleans as Hamlet, the character in
which he first figured at New York (in
June, 1850, at the Broadway). He appeared
at the Marylebone Theatre, London, in 1852,
at the City of London Theatre in 1854,
and at the Standard Theatre in 1859 (as
Hamlet).
Buchanan, Robert. Dramatic and mis-
cellaneous writer, born 1S41, died 1901 ; author
of the following stage piece.s :— 'The Rath-
boys,' ' The AVitchfinder ' (1S64), ' A Madcap
Prince ' (1874), ' Corinne ' (1876), ' The Queen
of Connaught ' (1SS7), ' A Nine-Davs' Queen '
(1880), ' The Exiles of Erin ' (1881), ' The
Shadow of the Sword' (18S1), 'Lucy Bran-
don,' an adaptation (1882), ' Storm-Beaten '
(1883), 'Lady Clare,' an adaptation (1SS3),
'Agnes,' an adaptation (1885), 'Sophia,' an
adaptation (1886), ' A Dark Night's Bridal,'
an adaptation (1887), ' The Blue Bells of
Scotland ' (1887), ' Roger la Honte ' (after-
wards ' A Man's Shadow '), an adaptation
(1888), ' Partners,' an adaptation (1888),
' Joseph's Sweetheart,' an adaptation (188S),
' That Doctor Cupid ' (1889), ' The Old Home '
(1889), 'Theodora,' an adaptation (1889),
' Man and the Woman ' (1889), ' The Bride
of Love' (1890), 'Clarissa,' an adaptation,
(1890), ' Miss Tomboy,' an adaptation (1890),
' Sweet Nancy,' an adaptation (1890), ' The
Sixth Commandment ' (1890), ' IMarmion *
(1891), 'The Gifted Lady' (1S91), libretto of
• The Piper of Hamelin ' (1893), ' The Char-
latan' (1894), 'Dick Sheridan' (1894), and
two plays first performed in America—
' Lady Gladys ' {q.v.) and ' Squire Kate '
(q.v.). He also wTote, with Sir Augustus
Harris, ' A Sailor and his Lass ' (1883) ; with
Hermann Yezin. 'Bachelors' (18s4); with
G. R. Sims, 'The English Rose' (1890),
' The Trumpet Call ' (1891), ' The Lights
Home ' (1892), ' The White Rose ' (1^92), ai
' The Black Domino ' (ls93) ; Avith F. Horm
'The Struggle for Life' (1890); with 1
Murray, ' A Society Butterfly ' (1894) ; an
with Harriett Jay, 'Alone in Londoi
(1885), 'Fascination' (1889), 'The Stran
Adventures of Miss Brown' (1895), 'TJ
Romance of the Shopwalker' (1S96), 'Tl
"Wanderer from Venus ' (1896), ' The Ma-
ners of England' (1897), and 'Two Litt
Maids from School,' an adaptation (189:
See the ' Life ' by Harriett Jay.
Buck, in FoOTE's ' Englishman in Par
(q.v.).
Buck, Sir Georgre, was appoini
Master of the Revels in 1610. He had :
some time acted as deputy to Edmn
Tylney in that office. He was succeeded'
Master by Sir John Astley in 162^, and di
in the following year. '
Bucke, Charles. Miscellaneous wrii
born 1781, died 1846 ; author of a tragedj .
verse called ' The Italians ; or, The Fa
Accusation ' (q.v.).
Buckhorse, Bobby. The "cock!:
the walk " in Poole's ' Year in an Ho '
(1-v.).
Buckhurst, Lord [Thomas Sackvil .
See GoRBODUC.
Bucking-ham. (1) A drama in f :
acts, by W. G. Wills (q-v.), first perforr 1
at the Olympic Theatre, London, on Novi -
ber 29, 1875, with Henry Neville as ,j
Duke of Buckiwjham, W. Creswick as Cr •
well. Hay well as Lord Fairfax, VoIIj,!
as Colonel Hip-and-Thigh, Odell as Tn-
man, Miss Fanny Enson as Mary Fairj ,
etc. (2) A comic operetta, music by Ju ,i
Edwards, Town Hall, Northampton, •
cember 28, 1877.— The Duke of Bucking} J
(1592-1628) figures in Planche's ' C( t
Beauties' (q.v.), Stirling's 'John Felt '
Halliday's ' King o' Scots,' and the vari 3
adaptations of ' The Three Muskete* '
(q.v.).
Bucking-ham, Duke of [George »i-
liers]. Born 1627, died 1688 ; author of ' -e
Rehearsal ' (1672) and ' The Battle of S' ;-
moor,' both of which see.
Bucking-ham, Leicester Silk. >
cellaneous writer, born 1825, died 1 ;
wrote the following pieces for the stag -
'Aggravating Sam' (1854), ' Belphe; ,'
burlesque (1856), ' Cupid's Ladder ' (1: ),
' Pizarro ; or. The Leotard of Peru ' (1 ),
' The Merry Widow' (1863), 'Silken Fett i'
(1863), ' The Silver Lining ' (1864), ' Face n
the Fire' (1865), 'A Fretful Porcup >'
(1867) ; likewise, ' Do Shake Hands,' ' I 't
Lend your Umbrella,' ' Take that rl
Away,' burlesques of ' Lucrezia Bor -,'
' Traviata,' and ' William Tell ; ' also, h
Augustus Harris, ' Jeannette's Wedd-:.'
From 1857 to 1867 he was the theat il
critic of the Morning Star. His wife ie
White) acted for some years under the r le
of Buckingham White (q.v.).
I
BUCKINGHAMSHIRE
BUCKSTONE
Buckingrhamshire, Duke of [John
theffield]. Born 1649, died 1720 ; author of
Julius Csesar ' and ' Marcus Brutus,' both
Tinted in 1722. See Julius C^sar.
Bucklaw, Alfred, actor, has appeared
ta London in the original casts of ' Lady
blare ' (1883), ' As in a Looking-Glass ' (1887),
I Sweet Nancy ' (1890), ' The Struggle for
Ijfe' (1890), 'David' (1892), 'Eagle Joe'
}l892), ' The Black Cat ' (1893), ' A Gauntlet '
11894), ♦ The Transgressor ' (1894), ' True Blue '
1896), etc.
Bucklaw, Arthur, figures in the
arious versions, adaptations, and bur-
esques of ' The Bride of Lammermoor ' (q.v.).
Buckle of Brilliants (The). See
:!rown Prince, The.
Buckram. (1) Frederick and Lady Buck-
am are characters in Palgrave Simpson's
Without Encumbrances' (q.v.). (2) Miss
Mckram is a corset-maker in G. Dance's
Istation-House.' (3) A Miss Buckram
".gures also in J. V. Millingen's 'Ladies
tHome' (.q-v.).
Buckskin, Bob, (1) in T. Parry's
P.P.' (2) The jockey, in Boucicault'S
Flying Scud' (q-v.).
Buckstone, John Baldwin. Actor,
playwright, and manager ; born at Hoxton,
London, in September, 1802 ; died October,
|879 ; was (Oxberry says) the son of a trades-
,an, and early placed in a solicitor's office ;
hence (after some trial performances as
1 amateur) he ran away to join a company
in a small town in Berkshire," where he
opened " as Trueman in ' George Barnwell'
Dramatic Biography '). After further ex-
rience in the country, he was engaged for
Surrey Theatre, where he made his Lon-
on debut in January, 1823, as Ramsay in
.The Fortunes of Nigel.' Thence he went
p24)tothe Coburg(Victoria)Theatre, where
le appeared as Nicolo in his own play of ' The
fear Hunters ' {q.v.). From the Coburg he
liigrated in 1827 to the Adelphi, where
:.828) he appeared as Bobby Trot in his ' Luke
lie Labourer' {q.v.). From 1833 to 1839 he
[as acting alternately at the Haymarket
iQd the Adelphi. In the first-named year
e was in the original cast of Jerrold's
Housekeeper' {q.v.). From 1S40 to 1842 he
as fulfilling engagements in America, his
rst appearance being made in the former
ear at the National Theatre, New York.
a 1842 he reappeared at the Haymarket,
^maining there till 1847, and figuring during
pat time as the original Captain Sippet in
Irs. Gore's 'Quid Pro Quo' {q.v.). Bob in
toucicault's ' Old Heads and Young Hearts '
Iv.), Tilly Sloivboy in Webster's ' Cricket
^ the Hearth ' {q.v.), GoUghtly in ' Lend me
live Shillings' {q.v.\ and the MacDunnum
f Boucicault'S ' School for Scheming ' {q.v.).
^ 1847 he went to the Lyceum, where he
jas the original Box in ' Box and Cox ' {q.v.).
ft the following year he returned to the
[aymarket, where he was the first repre-
[ntative of Aminadab Sleek in ' The Serious
muy' {q.v.), Moses in Coyne's ' Vicar of
Wakefield' {q.v.), Apple/ace in Jerrold's
• Catspaw' {q.v.), and Shadoivy Softhead in
Ly tton's ' Not so Bad as we Seem ' {q.v.). In
1853 he became the lessee of the Haymarket
a position which he occupied till 1876. This
was one of the most memorable manage-
ments in the history of the English stage,
by reason both of the plays produced and
the players engaged to represent them.
During this period Buckstone was the
original representative of Jeremy Tulip in
♦Elopements in High Life' (1853), Coddle-
love in ' Ranelagh ' (1854), Lord Pellemelle
in 'Willikins and his Dinah' (1854), Tom
Ripstone in 'The Evil Genius' (1856), Sir
Brian de Beau Sex in 'The Rights and
Wrongs of Wonjen ' (1856), John Butter shy
in ' Victims ' (1857), Dr. Botcherly in ' An
Unequal Match' (1857), Molehill in 'The
Tide of Time ' (1858), Major Wellington de
Boots in 'Everybody's Friend' (1859), Mr.
Peckover in ' The Contested Election ' (1859),
Frontin in 'The Late Lamented' (1859),
Lovibond in 'The Overland Route' (1860),
Bubble in ' The Family Secret ' (1860)^
Beetle in T. Taylor's 'The Babes in the
Wood ' (1860), Mr. Bunny in Coyne's ' Black
Sheep' (1861), Squire Chivey in Robert-
son's ' David Garrick ' (1864), Jonathan
Rumbelow in 'Brother Sam' (1865), Tom
Sutherland in 'The Favourite of Fortune'
(1866), Squire Bubb in 'A Wild Goose
Chase' (1867), Alexandre in 'A Life Well
Won' (1867), Br. Lafitte in 'A Hero of
Romance ' (1868), Bunter in ' New Men and
Old Acres ' (1869), King Phanor in ' The
Palace of Truth ' (1870), Chrysos in ' Pygma-
lion and Galatea' (1871), Lutin in 'The
Wicked World ' (1873), Mr. Fitz-Partington
in ' Charity ' (1874). Buckstone was also
seen during his career as Grumio in 'The
Taming of the Shrew' (1844), Dan in ' John
Bull ' (1846), Sir Andreiu Aguecheek (1846),
Scrub in ' The Beaux' Stratagem ' (1847)— all
at the Haymarket; Speed in one act of
' The Two Gentlemen of Verona ' (1847) ;
one of the witches in 'Macbeth' (1849);
Touchstone, T'ony Lumpkin, Bob Acres ;
Tim in ' Wild Oats ' (1856), Sir Benjamin
Backbite (1857), Modus in ' The Hunchback '
(1858), Sir Bashful Constant in 'The Way
to Keep Him ' (1858), Silky in ' The Road to
Ruin' (1859), Simon Purein 'A Bold Stroke
for a Wife ' (1859), Trenchard in ' Our Ame-
rican Cousin' C1861), Zekiel Homespun in
• The Heir at Law ' (1866), Dolly Spanker in
• London Assurance ' (1870), and Score-up in
• Spring Gardens ' (1875). Buckstone's ' Bear
Hunters' and 'Luke the Labourer' have
been mentioned. He was also the author
of the following dramatic pieces :— ' Peter
Bell, the Waggoner ; or, The Murderers of
Massiac' (1826), 'Paul Pry' (1827), 'The
New Don Juan' (1828), 'John Street, Adel-
phi ' (1829), ' Presumptive Evidence ' (1829),
' Billy Taylor ; or, The Gay Young Fellow '
(1829), 'The Happiest Day of my Life'
(1829), 'Snakes in the Grass'C 1829), 'Theo-
dore the Brigand' (1830), 'Mischief Mak-
ing' (1830), 'The Wreck Ashore' (1830), 'A
Husband at Sight' (1830), 'Popping the
Question' (ISSO), 'Damon and Pythias'
BUCKSTONE
224
BUDGE AND TOTTIE
a831\ 'The Ice Witch; or, The Frozen
Hand' (1S31), 'John Jones' (1831), 'The
King of the Alps ' (1S31), ' Victorine ' (1831),
' The Pet of the Petticoats ' (1S32), ' Forgery ;
or, The Reading of the Will' (1S32), 'The
Bravo,' an adaptation (1833), ' Ellen Ware-
ham ' (1833), 'Open House; or, The Twin
Sisters' (1833). 'The Rake and his Pupil'
(1833), ' Nicholas Flam ' (1833), ' Agnes de
Vere ; or, The Broken Heart,' an adapta-
tion (1834), ' Henrietta the Forsaken ' (1834),
'The May Queen' (1834), 'Rural Felicity'
(1834), ' Married Life ' (1834), ' The Christen-
ing' (1834), 'Isabella; or. Woman's Life'
(1834), 'Thirty Years of a Woman's Life'
(1834), 'The Last Days of Pompeii,' an
adaptation (1834), ' The Dream at Sea '
(1835), 'The Scholar,' an adaptation (1835),
' Good Husbands make Good Wives ' (1835),
' Second Thoughts ' (1835), ' Uncle John '
(1836), ' Shocking Events' (1838), ' Our Mary
Anne' (1838), 'Weak Points' (1838), 'The
Irish Lion' (1S38), 'A Lesson for Ladies'
(1838), ' Jack Sheppard ' (1839), ' Single Life '
(1839), • A Kiss in the Dark ' (1S40), • The
Thimble Rig' (1844), 'Snapping Turtles'
(1845), 'The Green Bushes; or, 100 Years
Ago ' (1845), ' Nine Too Many ' (1847), ' The
Flowers of the Forest' (1847), 'A Roiigh
Diamond ' (1847), ' An Alarming Sacrifice '
(1849), 'Leap Year' (1850), 'Good for No-
thing' (1851), 'Babes in the Wood' (1856);
also, of 'Abelard and Heloise,' 'Curiosity
Cured,' 'The Duchess dela Vaubaliere, 'The
Dead Shot,' ' Josephine, the Child of the Re-
giment,' ' The Maid with the Milking Pail,'
' The Two Queens.' " As actor," writes Tom
Taylor, "the English stage has seen few
more genial and humorous mimics than
Buckstone. His art was of the English
style, broad and laughter - making. He
always seemed to attach more importance
to the humorous than to any other quality
of the part he acted. But he did not over-
look the general aspect of his parts, though
he clothed them all in a uniform garb of
the Buckstonian humour, conveyed through
the inimitable eye-twinkle and mouth-twist
all knew so well, and the rich, oily chuckle
of a voice whose sound could produce a
roar before the actor was seen. He usually
provoked laughter, however, without forcing,
and was admirable in the quiet, unerring
power with which he made a point." "A
more singular face," says Percy Fitzgerald,
*' could not be devised— the intensely droll
eyes set in their places a little crookedly,
a delightfully grotesque nose, cheeks some-
thing after the pattern of cutlets, and whose
muscles went up and down, delicately re-
laxed ; and the mouth ! That, drawing it
over to one side, into a corner, as it were,
until by the act a sort of money-box slit or
aperture was made ; with this difference,
that the good things were projected out of
it, instead of anything being dropped in ;—
that 'twist' was special to himself." See
Pascoe's ' Dramatic List ' (ISSO), ' Actors and
Actresses of Great Britain and America,' P,
Fitzgerald's 'Memoirs' and ' Principles of
Comedy,' etc. AVhile manager of the Hay-
market, Buckstone appeared in several
" occasional" pieces, of which the follow:
are examples :— (1) ' Mr. Buckstoiie's Aso
of Mount Parnassus : 'a. piece de circonsta
by J.R. Planche, performed in March, 18
and forming " a sort of travesty of Alb
Smith's famous entertainment, ' The Asci
of Mont Blanc,' then in the height of
popularity." (2) ' Mr. Buckstone's Voyj
Round the Globe in Leicester Square :
"revue" by J. R. Planche, produced
Easter, 1854. (3) ' Buckstone at Home ;
The Manager and his Friends : ' a skel
by Stirling Coyne, brought out in Ap-
1863.
Buckstone, John Copeland. Act
born 1858 ; son of J. B. Buckstone (q.i
made his professional ddbut at the Gaie
Dublin, in April, 1S76. He has had c
siderable experience in the English p
vinces, India, and America ; besides appe
ing in London at the Folly and Haymar,
Theatres in 1879, at the Royalty, Princ!
Vaudeville, and Criterion in 1886, at •■
Opera Comique and Comedy in 1887,
the Lyceum, Novelty, and Shaftesbury
1SS8, and at the Duke of York's Theatre'
1893-9.— His brother, Rowland Bucksto
was the original Basil Giorgione in 'T
Colonel' (ISSl) and the first Peppe ■
' Merely Players ' (1882),
Buckstone, liUcyleal^ella. Actrc
daughter of J. B. Buckstone iq.v.) ; b'
1859, died 1893 ; made her first appearancf .
Croydon as Gertrude in ' The Little Treasu
{q.v.), and her London d^hut at the H
market as Ada Ingot in ' David Garrick ,
December, 1875. She afterwards figurec .
the Lyceum as Annette in ' The Bells ' an( ■•
Lady F. Touchwood in 'The Belle's Str; •
gem' (1S7G); also, at the Prince of Wal i
as Lucy Ormond in ' Peril' (1876). Her " .•
ginal " parts included Minnie in ' Engag '
(1877), Bertha de Motteville in 'A Gi i
Catch ' (1883), Abigail Hill in ' The Quet i
Favourite ' (1883), Gladys Grant in ' Racl '
(1883), Enid Anstrii*her in 'Marina '(IS.
and Flora in ' Miss Decima ' (1891). She ; >
appeared in London as Maria in ' The Scl 1
for Scandal' (1876), Alice in 'Forget ,)
Not' (1882), Lucy Bertram in 'Guy J!,-
nering' (1883), Edith Marsland in ' i
Private Secretary ' (1884), Blanche Denl »
in ' The Denhams ' (1835), and Gwend i
Pettigrew in ' The Parvenu ' (1891). ;
Bud, Felix and Ellen. The mar 1
couple in C. J. Mathews' ' My W s
Mother' (g.v.).
Bud and Blossom. A farce by I 7
Colin Campbell, Terry's Theatre, Lorn u
June 3, 1893.
Budd,Dorotliy,in Douglas Jerro »
'St. Cupid' (q.v.). (2) Miss Rose Budca
Selby's ' Spanish Dancers' (q.v.).
Budg-e and Tottie. Adramatiza-n
of J. Habberton's story, ' Helen's Bat ,
produced at the Gaiety Theatre, Lon;i.
in September, 1S7S, with the Daro;!r
children in the principal parts.
BUDGE
BULLEN
Budgie Ben. A character in Gay's
Beggar's' Opera' (q.v.). (2) Budge, in E.
,. Blan'CHaud's 'Artful Dodge' {q.v.), is a
iberiff's officer.
Budg-et of Blunders (A). A farce
II two acts, by Greffulhe, first performed
,t Covent Garden in 1810.
Buff and Blue. A play by J. J.
llcC'LOSKEY, performed in U.S.A.
Buffalo BiU. (1) A play by F. G.
Iaeder (q.v.), performed at the Bowery
'heatre, New York, in February, 1872, with
. B. Studley in the title part, followed in
t by W. H. Whalley ; at the same theatre
h August, 1873, with W. F. Cody (Buffalo
lill) in the title role. (2) A drama in four
tets, by Colonel Stanley and Charles
ilERMANN, produced (for the first time in
london) at Sanger's Theatre, May 28, 1887.
\) A drama in four acts, by George
.OBERTS, first performed at the Elephant
id Castle Theatre, London, May 30, 1887.
Buffalo, Don, in O'Hara's ' April Day'
.v.), is the man who is made " an April
o\"'by Davo (q.v.).
Buffalo Girls (The); or. The Female
erenaders. A farce by Edward Stir-
NG (q.v.), first performed at the Surrey
heatre, London, on April 17, 1847, with
, AYebb as Mark Anthony Napoleon
lexander Wellington Tom Thumb.
Buffer, Sir "William. A character in
kake's ' Before Breakfast ' (q.v.). (2) Mr.
lifer, in E. and J. M. Morton's ' Railroad
i"p,' is a confectioner.
Bufton, Eleanor [Mrs. Arthur Swan-
rough]. Actress, born 1840, died 1893 ;
ide her first appearance on the stage at
ilinburgh, her metropolitan debut being at
e St. James's Theatre. At the Princess's,
ider Charles Kean, she figured as Hermia
-' ' A Midsummer Night's Dream ' (185(5),
rdinand in 'The Tempest' (1857), and
nan in ' King Lear ' (1858). At the Strand
eatre (under the Swanborough manage-
: nt) she was in the original casts of such
• ces as Halhday's 'Romeo and Juliet,'
rlpsque (1859), Talfourd's ' William Tell '
1 59), Craven's ' Post Boy ' (1860), Byron's
■ smeralda ' (1861), Buckingham's ' Pizarro'
(32), and Byron's 'Ivanhoe' (1862). Re-
tning to the St. James's, Miss Bufton was
^n there as Miss Ogle in ' The Belle's
^tagem ' (1866), the original Gianetta in
(fbert's 'Dulcamara' (18<j6), Mrs. Swans-
<m in Coyne's ' Widow Hunt ' (1867), and
.■?. Ferrrwnt in 'The School of Reform'
< ;7). At the Strand in 1870 she was Cicehj
1 'The Heir at Law,' and the original
^lathan Wild in Farnie's ' Idle 'Prentice.'
11871, at the Court Theatre, she was the
•tt representative of Miss Flamboys in
<bert's 'Randall's Thumb' (q.v.) and of
■ttlla in his adaptation of ' Great Expecta-
tis'(g.?;.). In l882she was inthe original
Iidon cast of 'Diane' (q.v.), and plaved
^'■. Birkett in a revival of 'Betsy' at the
t.erion. Later London appearances were
made by her in ' Cousin Johnnv ' (1885),
' The Union Jack ' (1888), and ' A Breach of
Promise ' (1891).
Bug-g-ins. (1) A "thrall" in R. B.
Brough's ' Lord Bateman' (q.v.). (2) ' One
of the Force,' in I. V. Bridgeman's ' Matri-
monial—A Gentleman,' etc. (3) Miss Lvci/
Buggins, "beloved by Snooks," is a cha-
racter in £. Stirling's 'Little Back
Parlour.'
Bug-le, Squire ("afterwards Clown").
A character in T. Dibdin'6 ' Harlequin and
Mother Goose ' (q.v.).
Built on Sand. A drama in five acts,
by Frank Harvey (q.v.), Alexandra Opera
House, Sheffield, May 3, 1886.
Buist, "W. Scott. Actor; made his
London debut at thfe Opera Comique in
April, 1885, as Pomixic in ' The Excursion
Train' (q.v). He has since figured in the
original casts of ' The Blue Bells of Scot-
land ' and ' Fascination ' (1887), ' That Doctor
Cupid ' (1889), 'Diamond Dene' (1891), 'An
Old Jew ' (1894), etc., and in the first Enghsh
cast of Parker's 'Mayflower' (1899). He
played George Tesman in ' Hedda Gabler '
at the Vaudeville in 1891, Mortensgard in
' Rosmersholm ' at the Opera Comique in
1893, and Von Keller in ' Magda ' at the
Lyceum in 1896.
Bulb. A gardener in Watts Phillips's
' Fettered '('i. I-.).
Bulkeley, Mrs. See B.a.rresford,
Mrs.
Bull. (1) Deputy Bull in G. Colman jun.'s
' Review ' (q.v.). (2) Dolly Bull in O'Keefe's
' Fontainebleau ' (q.v.). (3) John Bull, Usq.,
in T. DiBDiN's 'Two Gregories' (q.v.), is a
young Englishman in Paris. (4) Mr. Jona-
than and 3Irs. Cleopatra Bull figure in
Pettitt and Conquest's ' Neck or Nothing'
(q.v.). (5) Miss Ole Bull figures in ED^VARD
Stirling's ' Buffalo Girls' (q.v.).
Bull by the Horns (The). A farcical
drama in three acts, by Henry J. Byron,
produced at the Gaiety Theatre, London,
on August 26, 1876, with E. W. Royce as
Pepper Pods, R. Soutar as Peter Oleum, the
author as Paul Percival, INIiss E. Farren as
Mrs. Pods, and Mrs. Leigh as Mrs. Oleum.
Bull - Fig-hter (The). A romantic
drama by G. Almar (q-v.).
Bull in a China Shop (A). A play
adapted from the French ; performed at
the Haymarket Theatre in November, 1863,
with a cast including C. J. Mathews, H.
Compton, Miss Lindley, Mrs. Fitzwilliam,
etc. ; performed in New York in 1869 a.s
' Irish Stew.'
Bull Theatre (The). See London
Theatres.
BuUen, Anne, in 'Henry VIII.' (q.v.).
See BoLEYN, Anne.
BuUen, Arthur Henry, has edited,
with introductions, ' The Works of John
BULLFINCH
226
BUMPUS
1882^ 'The English r>ramatists (I8&0 cf
Age' (1887), etc.
figures in DERRICK'S Little fetranger ^q.i^.;
Wlfrog. A character in Bouoi.»i,
and Master Brobdignag BuUJiOfj.
BuUion. A character in J. Kerrs
♦ Intimate Friend.'
Tnn Fields inT7U-22. Among his "original;'
ColonH Feignu'cll in A Bold btioKe 101 *
kvifJ' As an actor, he " seems," says Genest,
»EH^'i^e%a\°Sifa!S.«.X
m£v°L' 'iramatic pieces (niost of tliem
i;'go.,r •"<?T,S""ke t^Wer of Preston;
(1710), ' Woman's a Riddle .(l'^^, inerei
matica ' (1812).
-Rnllock Mrs. Jane, figured at Covent
gSSii Theatre in 1734-5, bein- seen as
TfrlvA7ine in 'Richard III.,' iVen^'sa in
^The Jew of Venice,' Lady Fidcjet in 'The
ronntrvWife ' Lady Sadlife in 'The Double
%^\mt- Mrs Brittle in ' The Amorous
^^^dow,' Belinda in 'The Provoked ^^.l e
ii S.-a in 'The Old Bachelor/ Sopho.u.ba
etc. She died in Ireland in 1739. toee
Chetwood's History.
■R-,-.nopk William, actor (born 1667?),
.vS the or oinal representative of Sly m
'Lovl's S Shift' (ie96). Sir Tunbelhj
n^nn^v in 'The Relapse' (1697). Jfoc^mofZe
S 'Love and a Bottle' (1699). Chncherm
'The Constant Couple ' (1699), ff?^^''^'
7^Vi- in 'The Funeral' (1702), Soto in She
Wou and She Would l^oV (1702), 6Vr
?^&obler'5^ston'(l^^^^^
in ' A Bold Stroke for a ^N if e (1 / 1 / )• He wa:,
seen at Covent Garden so late as April, 1.39
hI h?d three sons on the stage-Christopher
lienauuuc \villiam. Gildon
?CoinpSn between the Two Stages')
n70°Tdescribes him as " the best comedian
that has tJod the stage since Nokes and
Lee • " and Davies (' Dramatic Miscellames '
(17I4) characterizes him as "an actor of
frreat glee and much comic vivacity." S(
the TTitler, Downes' ' Ruscms Anglicanu;
(1708), and Genest's ' Lnslish btage (1832
Bulls and the Bears (The). A far.
by COLLEY CiBBER, performed at Dru
Lane in December, 1715.
■RnlTseve. (1) A superintendent
ponce in Zl. Blanchard'S 'Faith, Hop.'
and Charity' {q.v.). (2) A pobceman
J B Johnstone's 'Drunkard's Childre
(</.r.). (3) A sailor in E. STIRLING s ' ^Mi
Slave' {q-v.).
Bullyrag, Sergeant, figures in G.
Lewes' ' Lawyers ' iq.v.).
Buloid, Miss. See Abbott, m;
William.
Bulteel, John. Author of 'Amor,
Orontus ; or. Love in lashion {q.v.).
Bultitude's Body, Mr. Acharac
ill Rose's ' Vice Versa ' {q.v.).
Bumble. The parish beadle in C.
B.SS?s 'Oliver Twist' (g.^^ and in
\LM\R's 'Oliver Twist' {q.v.)\ also,
central character in three comic pieces:
'Bumble's Courtship : ' an interlude m ;
act taken from Dickens's Oliver Tvv 1st •
F E EMSON, and presenting two charac,
Biunhle, the beadle, and Mrs. Cor-mj^r.
of the Union ; first performed m Americ,
Rapley's Theatre, Washington, L.b. A.,.,
9« 1894 (2) 'Bumble:' an operetta,
libretto founded by Fran;iv A CLE>r
on an incident in ' Oliver Twist ' mus.
Oliver Notcutt ; performed at Ladb
Hall, London, July 7, 1&91. (3) Con
Courtship' {q-i:)-
BumlDle, Baron Boski. ''An^
of the celebrated beadle " and ' the on
' lovier so gallant and gay ' in BUR^^
' Villikins and his Dinah {q.v).
Bumble' s C ourtship . See BUM
■Rumble-Bee. The beadle in Bel
HAM ?^id BEST'S 'Prince Camaralza
?o J) (2) Mrs. Bumblebee is a char
in J.' SiTrling COYNE'S 'Dark Dom
the Cupboard '(g.t'.).
Bump of Benevolence (The)
farce by J. F. Savile (g.f.).
■Rnmner. (1) Sir Barnaby Bumpe
ch?iS in Dr- BACON'S 'Tryall 0
Se KUlers' (,...).^ (2) flrHarry^m^
in SHERIDAN'S '^f^9.«lf«y,^^KL
appears only in act 111. sc. ^..^here nt
the song, " Here's to the i^f^de^f Jj'
fifteen.'^ (3) A justice in The Ame
Roused' {q.v.).
..o^nTfSn/tfy'Tn^J^VuSi
Tables ' {q-v.).
•Rnmnus, Colonel and Jac^*
ra?tS?^S J 'COURTNEY'S ' TWO Po^ts
{2)Sergea"it Bumpus fig^f.^^ m
MORTON'S ' My Husband's Ghost (3-
BUNCH
227
EUNN
Bunoh, Michael and Phoenix.
Lther and son in H. HOLL's ' Wapping Old
airs' (q.v.). (2) Mother Bunch is one of
e personam in Planche and Dance's
liquet with the Tuft' (q.v.).
Bunch of Bei'ries (The). A farce by
L. Blanchard, produced by the Yokes
,mily at the Adelphi Theatre, London, on
ly 8, 1875,
Bunch of Keys (A). A musical comedy
three acts, by Charles Hoyt and
:ORGE Lash Gordox, performed at the
enue Theatre, London, on August 25, 1883.
Bunch of Shamrocks (A). A drama
Frajvk Bateman and John Douglass,
yalty Theatre, Edinburgh, June 2, 1896
(for copyright purposes ").
Bunch of Violets (A). A play in four
;,s,founded by Sydney Grundy on Octave
uillet's 'Montjoye' [already adapted by
ja under the title of 'Mammon' (q.v.)],
;i first performed at the Haymarket The-
ile, London, on April 25, 1894, with H. Beer-
bmTree as Sir Philip Mcwchant, L. Brough
i Mark Murgatroyd, Mrs. Beerbohm Tree
i Mrs. Murgatroyd, Miss Lily Hanbury as
.dy Marchant, Miss Audrey Ford as
tlet, G. W. Anson as Sduvartz, and Nut-
tiibe Gould as Lord Mount Sorrell ; played
i the English provinces with Laurence
ling as Sir Philip; first performed in
iierica at Abbey's Theatre, New York,
Auary 30, 1895. See Man of Success and
-'NTJOYE.
Juncle, Betty. Maid of all work in
GHiGGiE's 'House Dog.'
5undle. A market gardener in Dibdin's
' aterman ' (q.v.).
Jundle of Lies (A). A farce adapted
t n the German of Carl Laufs and Wilhelm
.loby, and first performed at Daly's The-
a|3, New York, on March 28, 1895, with H.
4Dixey, J. Lewis, G. Clarke. C. Leclercq,
fli G. H. Gilbert, and the Misses Elliott,
1 iwell, and Carlisle in the cast.
■ungr. (1) An innkeeper in Mark
Lion's 'Grey Doublet' (q.v.), with a son
nned Simon. (2) A beadle in C. S. Chelt-
Np 'Mrs. Green's Snug Little Business.'
iUng-le, P.O. A country policeman in
//o- tJ;^^^^ ^ ' Dodge for a Dinner ' (q.v.).
(<Su-}\ m. Bungle, M.P., figures in Daly's
e limes' (q.v.).
p^^^ker Hill; or, The Death of
^aeral Warren. A play by John D.
i>,.KE, performed at the John Street The-
a.', New York, in 1797.
lUnkum MuUer. A "piece of ex-
t^agance," m one act, by H. T. Craven
i-n4P^^'-?;'^^'^ ^^ *^® Haymarket Theatre
inj,64 with E A. Sothern in the title part.
^ .mkurn Muller," wrote Henry Morley,
diff- Y^ -i^^'*^ ^^®" meant for a gushing
dlaatist with a scolding wife, and nothinl
evlV^^" ^ P^'"^y Pickwick to console him!
espt the bust of Shakespeare which he
takes into his confidence, and which is the
only other person who appears with him
upon the stage." The "invisible parties^
include the wife, Tickler, a policeman, and
organ-grinders. ' ^^^^
Bunn, Alfred. Theatrical manager
born 1796 (or 97), died December 20 I860 •
was, in 1823 appointed (by Elliston) stage-
manager of Drury Lane Theatre. Ten yefrs
later he undertook the direction both of
Drury Lane and of Covent Garden, retiring
from the latter in 1835. Of his direction of
Drury Lane we read that "there was not
a style of entertainment that Bunn did not
essay ; he began with the legitimate drama,
11^ J'^^^ended, m 1839, to tight-rope dancers
and Van Amburgthe iion-tamer. . . . Opera
however, was the staple fare ; he gave
English versions of Weber's and Rossini's
operas, mutilated, it is true, but compe-
tently rendered ; he treated his patrons to
German opera, and Jullien's Promenade Con-
certs, varied by tableaux vivants, and Mac-
ready, Phelps and Mrs. Warner in tragedy"
(H. B Baker). In 1840 he became bank-
rupt, but his connection with Drury Lane
renewed in 1844, did not close till 1848 In
this second enterprise, " operas, ballets, ex-
travaganzas, and pantomimes were his prin-
cipal productions ; indeed, Drury Lane was
tor years an opera-house rather than a
theatre. Here were produced Balfe's ' Bo-
hemian Girl,' 'Maid of Honour,' and many
other of his works ; Benedict's ' Brides of
Venice,' WaUace's 'Maritana,' etc." The
result was again failure, and Bunn retired
penniless to Boulogne. In 1840 he had pub-
lished an account of his career as manager,
entitled ' The Stage before and behind the
Curtain.' He was also the reputed author
of A VV^ord with Punch,' in which he re-
plied to the attacks made upon him by the
Fleet Street jester. Bunn wrote, further
' Kenilworth,' an historical drama (printed
1825) ; ' The Minister and the Mercer,' a
?o™^<?y (printed 1834); ^My Neighbour's
V\ ife, a farce ; and the libretti of the follow-
ing operas :— ' The Bohemian Girl,' ' The
Bronze Horse,' ' The Daughter of St. Mark,'
and ' The Maid of Artois,' all of which see.
He published volumes of Poems in 1816 and
1819. " He was a strange compound : by
no means bad-hearted, wonderfully good-
tempered in difficulties and disasters, and
endured with the greatest fortitude the
most violent attacks of a cruel complaint
to which he Avas subject ; but in health and
prosperity he was imperious and occasion-
ally unjust, and sadly addicted to that com-
mon fault of theatrical managers, the using
up of his performers. What natural talent
he possessed was uncultivated ; his language
and manners were coarse, and his taste
deplorable. His management was sheer
gambling of the most wretched description,
in no one instance that I can remember
terminating prosperously, whatever might
have been the success of certain productions
in the course of it " (Planche, 'Recollections
and Reflections,' 187-.^). Edmund Y'ates says
of Bunn : " I always thought that Thackeray
BUNN
228
BURBAGE
must have sketched the portrait of Mr.
Dolphin, the manager, ^vhich appears m
'Pendennis,' from him." bee Bu^^, MRb.
Alfred.
Bunn, Mrs. Alfred [Margaret Agnes
Somerville]. Actress, born at Lanark, Oc-
tober, 1799, died 1883; made her London
d^but\t Drury Lane Theatre (of ^vhich Lord
Byron was then one of the committee) on
Mav 9 1816, ^vhen she played Imogine at the
irst performance of ^aturin's' Bertram
(av) This Avas followed in 181 < by ap-
pearances as Alicia in 'Ja^e Shore, /mo-
inda in ' Oroonoko,' and Victoria ^i the
first representation of INIaturins 'Manuel.
These in their turn, were succeeded by
perform- nces at Bath, Cheltenham, and
Birmingham. In October, 1818, she figured
at Cov?nt Garden Theatre as Bianca in
Milman's 'Fazio,' of which she had been
*he original representative (at Bath) m the
January previous. In 1819, ^f^lf. ^^^P^n
at Birmingham, she married Alfred Bunn
<ia V ). Ill 1824-5, at Drury Lane she ^yas
the first Cornelia in S. Knowles s Caius
Gracchus' (r/.r.), and the original Enimam
his 'William Tell' (q.v.), besides appearing
as Lady Macbeth, Hermione, Constance (in
'King John'), etc. "To a decided and
peculiar line of tragedy," wrote Oxberry m
18'>6 " Mrs. Bunn has every preference— it
is "that line that may be called the heavy
tragedy, i.e. Lady Macbeth, Elvira etc.
She cannot represent what is generally un-
derstood bv the softer passions, but she can
represent those passions in tlieir intensity.
. , Give her the extreme of any emotion,
aiid she can render it faithfully. . • •
Her Meq Merrilies is the best after Mrs.
Egerton's Her Helen McGregor is a
good assumption. . . . Against all jier at-
tempts in comedy, we enter our decided
protest" ('Dramatic Biography ).
Bunny. (1) Mr. Biinmj is a philan-
thropist in Stirling Coyne's ' Black bheep
(a V ). (2) Mr. and Caroline Bunny are cha-
mctersin J. M. Morton's ' Drawing-Rooms,
etc' (3) A Mr. and Mrs. Bunny figure in
H. J. Byron's ' Auntie ' {q.v.).
Bunnytliorne, Mr. and Bob. Cha-
racters in T. W. ROBERTSONS 'Progi-ess
iq.v.).
Bnnsby's Wedding. See Brougham,
John.
Bunter, Mr., Mrs., and Fanny,
appear in Taylor and Dubourg's 'New
Men and Old Acres ' {q.v.).
Bunthorne, Reginald. The spsthetic
poet in GILBERT and Sullivan's Patience
{q.v.).
Bunthunder, Mrs. Leonora, in
WS GILBERT'S 'Wedding March' ^q.v.),
is the ladv whose straw hat is, so to speak,
the pivot of the play.
Bunting-, Corporal. ^ character in
W. T. MONCRIEFF'S ' Eugene Aram {q.v.).
Buonaparte ; or, The Freeboot
"A poor drama by Ripon" (Genest), 1..
(2) ' Buonaparte's Invasion of Russia : .
equestrian piece in three acts, by J. .
AMHERST {q.v.), first performed at Astl s
Amphitheatre on April 4, 1825. with Gon •
sal as Napoleon. This piece deals with j
retreat of the French from ISIoscow. i
the second act, Buonaparte pardons a yo ;
Russian who had fired at him and tears 3
epaulettes from a French officer who ; I
insulted a Russian lady. This scene j
considerable merit. Gomersal is said to 1 3
had a striking resemblance to Napolc.
His representation of the character wm
perfect piece of acting" (Genest). a
Napoleon. ;
Buonaparte, Father. See Fat: ;j
Buonaparte.
Buonocore. King of the Golden L; :,
in W. BROUGH'S 'Prince Amabel {q.v.\,
Buoyant Augustus A charact(;|i
Pevke's 'Duel' {q.v.). (2) bir ATM
Buoyant figures in Palgraye SIMPS ,S
' Poor Cousin Walter ' {q.v.). \
Burbaee, James. Actor and )•
atrical manager, died 1597 ; appears to .;e
been originally a joiner. I" ^ hst of .e
Earl of Leicester's players, dated Way, ^ I,
his name stands first. In April, lo<( le
secured a twenty-one years lease of .; le
ground lying a "little to the ^ort
Holywell Lane " between Finsbnry F U
and the Bishopsgate and ijljo^edi cli 1 •
Hereon he erected " the first 1) ukhng n is
country specially intended f or theatrica r-
formances" (S. L. Lee). .This he c d
simply, The Theatre. His son Cutl rt
deSes him as " the first builder of y-
howses, and himself e in his younger yee a
plaver . " "The Theater," he adds, ' hee It
with many hundred poundes taken 1 at
interest." Here Burbage P^'oduced th d
play of ' Hamlet ' and .Marlowe s Fau ,
and was altogether financially succe il
In February, 1595-6, he acquired part a
large house in Blackfriars, and in >. ^a-
ber° 1596 opened it as the Blackfmr >e^
atre. He next tried to secure a prolong on
for ten years of his lease of the gTOU in
Shoreditch, but, the landlord being jv nj
to concede five years on y, Burbage as
drawn into legal Pyo^eedmgs which ^re
still in progress when he died L 'e
Cuthbert, he had another son Ri JJ
{q.v.), whose fame as an actor hf ? "^
outshone his own. See HalliweU-Ph ps
« Outlines of the Life of ^hakespeare J .
•Dictionary of National Biography ( o^'
also, London Theatres.
pJS^»(P^^-^|
feiS?tnifpJ:^t/ln^ffi|
friars and Shoreditch Theatres In 99-
Richard and his brother Cuthbert re^i
of controversy with the ground Ian rd
pulled down the playhouse .mShoie c^
and utilized the materials in the er i"*"
BURBAGE
229 BURGOMASTER OF SAARDAM
of the building in Southwark which they
called the Globe [see London Theatres].
It is likely that Richard took to the stage
as a child, making his ddbut at the Shore-
ditch Theatre. Little, however, is definitely
known about his youth and early manhood,
except that he grew steadily in powers and
popularity ; during the last two or three
decades of his life he was recognized as the
oremost actor of his time. He was a pro-
inent member of the Lord Chamberlain's
orapany of players, in which Shakespeare
Iso was included. There is record of his
laying before Queen Elizabeth at Green-
wich Palace in 1594 ; also, that between
1598 and 1618 he appeared in many dramas
by Ben Jonson and Beaumont and Fletcher,
as well as in "Webster's ' Duchess of Malfi '
(q.v.). But his greatest fame, it is clear, was
[achieved by his representation of Shake-
speare's most notable characters. From ' A
Funeral Elegy,' of which several versions
exist, it seems certain that he was the
priginal Hamlet, Othello, and i^ear, and that
pe may have been the first performer of
Shakespeare rdles scarcely less notable.
Says the elegiast—
" He's gone, and with him what a world is dead, . . .
No more young Hamlet, old Hieronimo,
Kind Lear, the grievtd Moor, and more beside
That lived in him have now for ever died."
Richard III. was " a part in which he was
jarticularly celebrated ; " " his supremacy
n the character lingered for many years in
he recollection of the public" (llalliwell-
Phillips). In his ' Short Discourse of the
^Inglish Stage,' Richard Flecknoe says of
Burbage that " he was a delightful Proteus,
0 wholly transforming himself into his
lart and putting off himself with his
lothes, as lie never (not so much as in the
Tyring House') as-*um'd himself again
intil the Play was done. . . . He had all
lie parts of an excellent actor (animating
lis words with speaking and speech with
ction ) . . . never falling in his part when
e had done speaking, but with his looks
nd gesture maintaining it still unto the
eighth." [See, also, Flecknoe's tribute to
Jurbage in verse.] To the actor's powers
s a painter several references are extant,
a Sir Thomas Overbury's "character" of
an excellent actor," which is held to have
ad Burbage for its subject, M-e read that
he is much affected to painting, and it is
question whether that makes him an
xcellent player or his playing an excellent
ainter." In the title of Middleton's
pitaph on the actor he is described as
that great master in his art and quality,
ainting and playing." There is a picture
y Burbage in the Dulwich College Gallery,
urbage tigures in his own person both in
The Return from Parnassus,' printed in
306 (act iv. sc. 5), and in Webster's in-
action to Marston's 'Malcontent' (1604).
ee HalliM-ell-Phillips' ' Outlines of the
if e of Shakespeare ' (1885), ' Dictionary of
ational Biography' (1SS6), etc. Austin
'obson has a rondeau in which we are re-
dded that—
When Burbadge played, the stage was bare
Of fount and temple, tower and stair ;
Two b,-ickswor(i3 eked a battle out ;
Two supers made a rabble rout ;
The Throne of Denmark was a ch.iir I
And yet, no less the audience there
Thrilled through all changes of Despair,
Hope, Anger, Fear, Delight, and Doubt,
When Burbadge played !"
Burchell (Sir William Thornhill) figures
in all the dramatizations of ' The Vicar of
Wakefield' («7. 17.). See Olivia, (2) There is
a Burchcll in J. M. MORTON'S ' The King
and I' (g. v.).
Burg-es, Sir J. Bland. See City
Madam, The.
Burgress, Mrs. Author of * The Oaks ;
or, Beauties of Canterbury,' a comedy (1780).
Burg-ess, Neil. Actor, born at Boston,
U.S.A., in 1846 ; first appeared as the
Widow Bedott in a play by D. R. Locke at
Providence, R.I., in March, 1879, and as
Abigail Prue in Barnard's ' County Fair '
(q.v.) at Burlington, N.J., in October, 1888.
Burg-li, Bernard de. The noin de
guerre adopted by Barnabas Brough (father
of Lionel, William, and Robert B. Brough)
in the production of some dramatic pieces.
Burgh, Hubert de. See Hubert de
Burgh.
Burglar (The). A play by Augustus
Thomas, adapted from Mrs. F. H. Burnett's
story, ' Editha's Burglar' (q.v.).
Burglar and the Bishop (The). A
musical vaudeville, words by Sir J. J.
CoGHiLD, Bart., music by Welle.sley Batson,
Pier Theatre, Folkestone, May 22, 1893.
Burglar and the Judge (The). A
farce in one act, by F. C. Philips and C. H.
E. Brookfield, first performed at the Hay-
market Theatre, London, on November 5.
1892, with C. H. E. Brookfield and Cyril
Maude in the title parts.
Burglar's Baby (The). A comedy-
drama in three acts, by John Douglass and
Charles Williams ; Lyric Theatre, Ealing,
October 27, 1897.
Burglars. A farcical tragedy in three
acts, by Mark Mrlford, first performed at
the Theatre Royal Brighton, March 2, 1885 ;
produced at the Avenue Theatre, London,
April 9, 1885, under the name of ' A Reign
of Terror' (q.v.). (2) 'The Burglars:' a
play by J. A. Eraser, performed in U.S.A.
Burgomaster of Saardam (The);
or, The Two Peters. A comic piece
by F. Reynolds, performed at Covent Gar-
den in September, 1818, with Listen as the
Burgotnaster, Abbott as Peter Michaelhoff
(the Czar), Farley as Peter Flimmin, Miss
Foote as Catherine, etc. This piece, ap-
parently, was revived at the Haymarket in
September, 1824, under the title of ' 'Twould
Puzzle a Conjurer,' and with Liston as Van
Dunder (the Burgomaster), Cooper as Peter
(the Czar), Harley as Peter Stanmitz, Mrs.
Chatterley as Bertha, etc. Van Dunder,
BURGOYNE
230
BURLESQUE
who cannot read, receives written orders
to tind out -n-hich of the two Peters is the
Czar, who is working, incognito, as a ship-
carpenter.
Burgroyne, Jolin. Soldier and dra-
matic An-iter, born 1722, died 1792 ; author
of 'The Maid of the Oaks' (1774), 'The
Heiress' (17S6), the libretto of 'The Lord
of the Manor' (17S0), and a translation of
Sedaine's libretto of Gretry's ' Richard Coeur
de Lion' (17S5) — all of which see. See, also,
' The Dramatic and Poetical Works of the
late Lieut.-General John Burgoyne' (ISOS),
and ' Political and Military Episodes de-
rived from the Life and Correspondence of
the Rt. Hon John Burgoyne ' (1875).
Buridan. An Italian captain in G.
Almar's ' Tower of Nesle ' iq.v.).
Buried Talent (A). A play in three
scenes, by Louis N. Parker, originally
produced' at Sherborne, Dorset, December
. 3, 1SS6, with Louis Calvert as Marix ; af cer-
Avards at the Royalty Theatre, Glasgow, on
May 23, 1890, with B. Greet as Maris, C.
Dalton as Pietro, and Mrs. P. Campbell as
Stella ; at the Vaudeville Theatre, London,
on June 5, 1S90, with Mre. Campbell as Stella,
and other parts by Ben Greet and Bassett
Roe ; at the Comedy Theatre, London, May
19, 1892, with C. H.' E. Brooktield as Maris
and Miss Vane Featherston as Stella.
Burke, Charles Saint Thomas.
Actor, born in Philadelphia, March 27, 1822 ;
son of Thomas Burke (q.v.) and Cornelia
Francis Thomas ; made his professional debut
in 1S36 at the National Theatre, Neyv York,
as the Prince of Wales in ' Richard III.'
In the following" year he joined the travel-
ling company of Jefferson (the third), who
had married' his mother, and in this con-
nection (as well as with Sol. Smith and
others) he had much provincial experi-
ence. He reappeared in New York in July,
1847, at the Bowery, as Calf in ' Ole Bull '
and Dickory in ' The Spectre Bridegroom.'
Here he remained for a year, migrating in
August, 1848, to the New National Theatre,
witn which he was associated till 1851.
From 1851 to 1854 he toured through the
States. His last appearance on the I'oards
was made at the Chestnut Street Theatre,
Philadelphia, in February. 1854, as Ichabod
Crane in ' Murrell the Land Pirate.' He
died in the following November. His most
notable parts were Touchstone, Aguecheel;
Slender, Launce, Launcelot Gobbo, Marrall,
Bailie Nicol Jarvie, Dr. Ollapod, Zekiel
Homespun, Bob Acres, Grandfather White-
head, Paul Pry, Mark Meddle, Caleb Plum-
oner, Billy Buwbell (in ' The Illustrious
Stranger'), Clod Meddlenot (in 'The Lady
of the Lions'), Mettamarer (a travesty of
Edwin Forrest in 'The Female Forty
Thieves'), and Rip Van Wiiikle in a drama
wi-itten by himself. He was also the author
of a play called 'The Revolution,' and of
a burles'que in which he represented Mr.
McGrecdy (a skit on the famous actor).
"His long, emaciated figure— agile, supple,
and graceful— seemed," says Winter, "ex-
pressly made for queer comic contort is
and gi'otesque attitudes. His counten: ;e
was capable of gi-eat variety of expres: n,
ranging from ludicrous eccentricity to j .i-
ful sadness." He married, first, Margjt
Murcoyne (1818-1849), and, afterwards, s.
Sutherland (mother of lone Burke, . .).
See L. Hutton's ' Plays and Players ' (1 >),
Winter's ' The Jeffersons ' (1881),' etc.
Burke, lone. Actress ; daught of
^Irs. Sutherland, who married C. S T.
Burke (q.v.). ; was in the cast of ' Tht y.
coon ' at Laura Keene's Theatre, New "5 k,
in 1860 ; was Little Em'ly in the play of at
name at Niblo's Garden in 1869, and fi^ ed
in De Leon's ' Pluck ' at Lina Ed I's
Theatre in 1871.
Burke, John D. Author of ' Bi :er
Hill ; or, The Death of General Wa -m'
(q.v.) (1797).
Burke, Joseph. Actor, born in D lin
in 1818 ; played Tom Thumb in that c in
1824 ; made his London debut at the ly-
market in June, 1825, as Dr. O'Toi. in
' The Irish Tutor,' and was seen at the irk
Theatre, New York, in 1830, as Dr. 0 lole
and Young Norval. He was known ; she
" Irish Roscius."
Burke, Thomas. Actor, born ii ng-
land ; died at Baltimore in June, 1825 ; ide
his American debut at Charles ton in >02,
and his first appearance in New Y( in
1813. He married Cornelia Thomas, ter-
wards Mrs. Joseph Jefferson.
Burleig-h, Lord. A character n The
Spanish Armada' (in 'The Critic,' q.i
Burlesque figures as one o the
draJJiatis personre both in Planche'S '.imp
at the Olympic' (q.v.) and in J. S. C VE'S
' Buckstone at Home' (q.v.). I the
former piece she is represented as cing
up the cudgels on her own behalf. P iche
made Mrs. Alfred Wigan say to h "I
thought your aim was but to mj s us
laugh ; " to which Burlesque replied-
" Those -who think so but understand me half.'
Did not my thrice-renowned Thomas Thum .
That mighty mite, make mouthing Fustian lb?
Is Tilburina's m.idness void of matter? ^
Did great Bombastes strike no nonsense flat '
H. J. Byron has made the same cli.ifor
the dramatic genre in which he oseli
excelled : — '
" Burlesque is like a winnowing machine. ^
It simply blows away the husks, you know ;
The goodly corn is not moved by the blow.
What arrant rubbish of the claptrap schoo'
Has vanished — thanks to pungent ridicule ! ;
For an account of stage travesty in E iMid,
from the days of Shakespeare dowi,3 0ur
own time, see ' A Book of Burlesque 189|)'
See, also, articles on burlesque ■ the
' Gentleman's Magazine ' (by C. wdeii
Clarke), vol. 7, new series ; the ' ,»xy_
(R. G. White), vol. S; 'Harpers Mf'fme
(L. Hutton), vol. 81; ' Cornhill 'Oft^a-
zine,' vol. 4; 'Sharpe's Magazine,' '• i>»;
BURLETTA
BURN AND
i« Temple Bar,' vol. 29; ' Tinsley's Maga-
tzine,' vols. 37 and 39, etc.
Burletta. The description applied to a
large proportion of the pieces presented at
the minor London playhouses during the
period in which the right to perform
dramatic works was confined to the patent
theatres. When the Crown lawyers were
called upon to define what was meant by
"burletta," they confessed they could not
tell. " For my own part," writes Colraan
the younger in his ' Random Records ' (1830),
"the rooted notions of an old theatrical
stager make it difficult for me to consider
a, burletta otherwise than as a drama in
rhyme, and which is entirely musical ; a
short comic piece consisting of recitation
ind singing, wholly accompanied more or
less by the orchestra." This view is main-
tained by Charles Cowden Clarke, who, in
Ithe ' Gentleman's Magazine ' (vol. 7, new
series), says: "The 'burletta' (which
means nothing more than ' a little jest ') is
jonfined simply to scenes of gay and
sprightly humour. Its characteristics, like
.ts title, are diminutive ; moreover, it is
iJways associated with music — it is, in
ihort, a little comic opera, or musical farce."
\.t first the minor theatrical managers
naintained the musical features of the
' burle\:ta ; " but those features Avere gradii-
lUy reduced until they disappeared alto-
gether, and the word "burletta" came to
)e applied to any short dramatic piece,
whether comic or romantic. The use of it
lied out with the abolition, in 1833, of the
ipecial rights of the patent theatres. See
)nce a Week, vol. 12 (Button Cook). - -
Btirling-ton Arcade (The). A bur-
etta in one act, by C. Dance (q.v.), first
lerformed at the Olympic Theatre, London,
n December 17, 1838, with Keeley as Wig-
on, T. Green as Beady, Brougham as
y Slack, J. Bland as Long staff, Mrs Mac-
amara as Mrs. Cloud, and Mrs. Orger as
liss Moss.
. Bvirmah. See Life of Pleasure,
I Burmese "War. See Amherst. J. A.
Burnand, Francis Cowley. Dra-
matic and miscellaneous writer, born
rovember 29, 1836 ; author of the following
jtage pieces :—' Villikins and his Dinah'
1855), 'Lord Lovel' (1856), 'Alonzo the
f.rave' (1857), 'Dido' a860), 'Deerfoot'
1:861), 'The King of the Morrows' (1861),
[Fair Rosamond' (1862), 'Robin Hood'
'■•862), 'Ixion' (1863), 'The Deal Boatman'
S63), ' Patient Penelope ' (1863), ' Madame
erUot's Ball' (1863), ' Rumplestiltskin '
5G4), ' Snowdrop ' (1864), ' Windsor Castle '
.8G5), ' L'Africaine ' (1865), ' Paris ' (1866),
' [Latest Edition of Black-Eyed Susan ' (1866),
' [Latest Edition of Helen ' (1867), ' Olympic
' ames ' (1S67), ' Mary Turner ' (1867), libretto
The Contrabandista ' (1867), 'Humbug'
^G7), 'Hit and Miss' (1868), 'The White
awn' (1S68), ' Fowl Play ' (1S6S), ' The Rise
Kl Fall of Richard III.' (1868), ' The Fright-
ilHair (1868), 'Fayre Rosamonde' (1808),
libretto of ' Inquire Within ' (1868), • Claude
Duval ' (1869), ' The Girls of the Period ' (1869),
' The Military Billy Taylor ' (1869), ' The Turn
of the Tide ' (1869), ' Very Little Faust and
more Mephistopheles ' (1869), 'The Beast
and the Beauty ' (1869), ' Morden Grange '
(1869), 'Sir George and a Dragon' (1870),
'F. M. Julius Cnsesar' (1870), 'Eliz-abeth'
(1870), ' The White Cat ' (1870), ' Dead Man's
Point ' (1871), ' Poll and Partner Joe ' (1871),
•Paul Zegers' (1871), 'Arion' (1871), 'La
Vie Parisienne,' a translation (1872), ' King
Kokatoo ' (1872), libretto of ' Little Chang '
(1872), libretto of ' My Aunt's Secret ' and
' Very Catching ' (1872), ' La Belle Hel6ne,'
an adaptation (1873), ' Our own Antony
and Cleopatra ' (1873), ' Kissi-Kissi ' (1873),
•Little Tom Tug' (1873), libretto of 'Mil-
dred's W^ell ' (1873), ' The Great Metropolis '
(1874), ' Ixion Re- Wheeled ' (1874), ' Archie
Lovell,' an adaptation (1874), ' Here's Another
Guy Mannering' (1874), libretti of 'He's
Coming vul Slumborough' and 'One Too
Many ' (1874), 'Proof Positive ' (1875), libretto
of ' A Tale of Old China ' (1875), ' On the
Rink' (1876), libretto of 'Matched and
Mated' (1876), libretto of 'King Indigo'
(1877), 'Artful Cards' (1877), 'Our Babes in
the Wood' (1877), ' The Musical Box' (1877),
' Family Ties ' (1877), ' Proof ' (1877), ' Jeames '
(1878), ' Over-Proof ' (1878), ' The Red Rover '
(1878), ' Dora and Diplunacy ' (1878), ' Our
Club' (1878), 'Betsy,' an adaptation (1879),
' Boulogne ' (1879), ' Unlimited Cash ' (1879).
♦Robbing Roy' (1879), 'The Hunchback
Back Again' (1880), 'Ourselves' (1880),
' Valentine and Orson ' (1880), ' Whittingtou
and his Cat ' (1881), ' A Lesson,' an adapta-
tion (1881), 'The Colonel' (1881), libretto of
' Sandford and Morton's Christmas Party '
(1881), 'The Manager' (1882), 'Blue Beard'
(1883), ' Ariel ' (1883), ' Stage-Dora ' (18S3).
' Just in Time ' (1884), ' Camaralzaman '
(1884), 'Paw Clawdian' (1884), 'Mazeppa'
(1885), ' The O'Dora ' (1885), ' Faust and
Loose' (1886), 'The Doctor' (1887), 'Airey
Annie ' (1888), libretto of ' PickAvick ' (1889),
•The Headless Man' (1889), lyrics of
'Domestic Economy' (1890), libretto of
• La Cigale ' (1890), libretto of ' Captain
Th^r^se' (1890), ' Tra la la Tosca' (1890),
lyrics of 'The Tiger' (1890), 'Private In-
quiry' (1890), libretto of 'Miss Decima'
(1891), libretto of 'Incognita' (1892), 'The
Saucy Sally' (1892), 'The Orient Express'
(1893), and the libretto of ' The Chieftain '
(1894) ; also, of ' Boabdil el Chico' {q.v.), ' Guy
Fawkes' Day' (q.v.), 'Romance under Diffi-
culties,' ' In for a Holiday.' He is co-author,
with Montagu Williams, of 'B. B.' (1860),
'The Turkish Bath' (1861), 'Easy Shaving'
(1863), ' Volunteers' Ball ' (1860), ' Carte de
Visite ' (1862), and ' The Isle of St. Tropez '
{q.v.) ; with J. M. Mrnton, of ' Cox and Box '
(1867) ; with Arthur Sketchley, of ' All About
the Battle of Dorking' (1871); with H. J.
Byron. W. S. Gilbert, and R. Reece, of ' The
Forty Thieves ' (1878) ; with H. P. Stephens,
of 'Balloonacy' (1879) and 'The Corsican
Brothers and Co.' (1880), and, with R. C.
Lehmann, of the libretto of 'His Majesty'
(1897). See his 'History of the A.D.C
BURNETT
BURTON
Cambridge ' (1S80), and his chapter of auto-
biography in the Theatre for February, 1S83.
Burnett, Frances Hodg-son. Dra-
matic and miscellaneous Avriter ; author of
the following plays :— ' The Real Little Lord
Fauntleroy' 11888), 'Phyllis' (1889), 'The
Showman'^s Daughter' (1891), 'The First
Gentleman in Europe' (1897), ' A Little Un-
fairy Princess ' (1902), ' The Pretty Sister of
Jose ' (1903), ' That Man and I,' etc. ; also
co-author, -with W. Gillette, of 'Esmeralda'
('Young Folks' Ways,' 1882), and, with
8. Townsend, of 'Nixie' (1890), ' Editha's
Burglar ' (1890), and ' A Lady of Quality '
(1897).
Burnett, J. P. Actor and dramatic
writer ; is the author of a dramatization of
•Bleak House' {q.v.) (1875), and of 'Good
Luck' (1885); also, co-author, with R, J.
Martin, of 'Midge' (1879). He was in the
original cast of ' Midge,' and also in that
of ' The Golden Band ' (1887) and of ' The
Pointsman ' (1887).
Burney, Estelle. Actress and play-
wright ; made her dihut in the former
capacity at the Avenue Theatre, London,
in June, 1891, as Jeanne in a version of
Ohnet's 'Serge Panine' (7.1'). She was
afterwards the tirst representative of
Margaret Byng in Philips and Fendall's
play' so named (1891), of Beata in Austin
Fryer's drama so entitled (1892), of Margot
in 'The County' {q.v.) (1892). of Helen
Peyton in A. Benham's ' Awakening' (1892),
and of Dorothy Wendover in Parker and
Carson's ' David ' ( 1892). She has also been
.seen in London as Madame L'llery in ' A
Caprice' (1892). She is the author of ' An
Idyll of the Closing Century ' (q.v.) and
•Settled out of Court' (1897), as well as
part-author of 'The County' {q.v.).
Burnish, Captain. A character in
Bayle Bernard's 'Nervous Man' (q.v.).
Burnt Offering" (A). A drama in one
act, by Austin Fryers and John M.Fisher,
St. Alban's Mission Hall, Gray's Inn Road,
London, July 17, 1894.
Burroug-hs, Marie. Actress, born in
San Francisco : played the leading female
role in the origmal production of 'Alpine
Roses ' (1884), ' The Rajah,' ' Elaine,' and
'Margery's .Lovers' (18S7), and also in the
first representations in America of 'Part-
ners,' ' Saints and Sinners,' ' Judah,' ' The
Scapegoat ' (1894), etc.
Burrs (The), in Oxenford's ' Porter's
Knot' (qv.), include Samson, his son
Augustus, his niece Alice, and his wife. (2)
There is a servant named Jacob Burr in
• Chesterfield Thinskin' {q.v.).
Burt. Actor; a pupil of Robinson, and
a member of Killigrew's company at Drury
Lane from August, 1663, onwards. Popular,
when a youth, as a representative of female
characters, he made a success, later, as
Cicero in ' Catiline ' {q.v.).
Burton, "William Evans. Actor and
playwright, born in London, September,
1804 ; died New York, February, ISOO ; son
of a printer. Educated at St. Paul's School,
London, he succeeded to his father's busi-
ness, and became editor of a monthly mis-
cellany. Some practice as an amateur "actor,
however, led him to the stage, and in 1825 he
joined a company " on circuit." His first
appearance in London was made in 1831 at
the Pavilion Theatre as Wormivood in ' The
Lottery Ticket,' and in the following year
he had a short engagement at the Hay-
market, during which he played Marrall to
the Overreach of Edmund Kean. In 1834 he
went to America, making his d4but at the
Arch Street Theatre, Philadelphia, on Sep-
tem.ber 3, as Worimvood, and as Dr. Ollapod
in ' The Poor Gentleman.' At Philadelphia ,
he remained for four years. His New York ,
debut took place on October 31, 1837, at the
National Theatre as Guy Goodluck in 'John
Jones.' He was at the same theatre in
February, 1839, appearing later in the year
at Niblo's. In 1840 he was at the Park.
In 1840, also, he " fitted up" a circus build-
ing in Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, open-,
ing it under the name of " The National
Theatre." In April, 1841, he became manager
of the National Theatre, New York, where
he was as prosperous as at Philadelphia:
but the building was unhappily destroyed
by fire, and to Philadelphia he went again.
Here !he leased successively the Chestnut
and Arch Street Theatres, assuming tht
management also of the Washington Theatre
and of the Front Street Theatre, Baltimore
In July, 1848, he undertook the direction 0:
Palmo's Opera House, New York, hencef ortl
to be known as Burton's Theatre. Here h(,
held sway till September, 1856, laying thi
main foundation of his celebrity as actor am
manager. He revived 'A ^Midsummer Night' ,
Dream,' ' Twelfth Night,' ' The Merry Wive
of Windsor,' ' The Winter's Tale,' and 'Th
Tempest,' himself playing Bottom, Sir Tdb.
Belch, Falstaff, Autolycus, and Caliban. H
produced dramatizations of ' Dombey ani
Son,' ' David Copperfield,' ' Oliver Twist
' Nicholas Nickleby,' and ' Pickwick,' hin
self appearing as Cajjiain Cuttle, Bumbh
Micawber, Squeers, and Sam Weller. Amon
other productions were those of ' The Serior '
Family* and of 'The Toodles' (1848), i
which he made his special successes n
spectivelv as Aminadab Sleek and Timoth
Toodle. in 1850 he played Touchstone i
the Aston Place Opera House, and i,
1853 he was the original William Lit
in 'The Fox Hunt.' In 1856 he opem,
in New York the Metropolitan or Burton
New Theatre, and in the following yei
figured there as Dogberry. He left tl
Metropolitan in 1858. and in 1859 made :
Niblo's what proved to be his last appea
ance in New York. His last performan
on any stage was at Hamilton, Canada, t
December 16, 1S59. Notable imperson
tions bv Burton, beside those nameil abov
were Sir George Thunder, Job ThortiHri
Whiskerandos, Graves (in ' Money ';, a:
Triplet (in ' IMasks and Faces '). He vi
the author of several dramatic pieces : ' 1
j^
BURVILLE
BUSSY
I
Court Fool,' ' Ellen Wareham ' (q.v.), ' Forty-
Winks,' ' The Ladies' Man,' ' The Player's
Progress,' 'The Slave King,' etc. "His
pictures from Dickens," says W. L. Keese,
"were careful studies, revealing fine sym-
pathy and appreciation ; his Shakespearean
delineations were felicitous interpretations
of the master's spirit. In the extravagance
of farce it was impossible to be funnier than
he was. Mirth came from him in exhala-
tions. . . . Other qualities of his acting were
a simple and natural pathos, and an earnest-
ness in the expression of homely feeling,
blent with dignity." See ' William E. Burton
—Actor, Author, and Manager,' by W. L.
Keese (1885), W. B. Wood s * Personal Re-
collections,' F. C. Wemyss's 'Theatrical
Biography,' L. Hutton's ' Plays and Players,'
Ireland's ' New York Stage.' and * Actors
and Actresses of Great Britain and the
United States' (1886).
Burville, Alice. Actress and vocalist;
appeared in Matthison and Supp^'s ' Ten
of 'Em ' at Drury Lane Theatre in Decem-
ber, 1874. She was the original representa-
tive in London of Fleur d'Amour in
'Dagobert' (1875), the heroine of ' Fleur de
Th^ ' (1875), and Fiammetta in ' Boccaccio '
(1882), besides being seen them as Genevieve
de Brabant (Philharmonic Theatre, 1878),
Josephine in 'H.M.S. Pinafore' (Op^ra
Comique, 1878), Clairette in 'Madame Angot '
(Drury Lane Theatre, 1880), etc.
Bury Fair. A comedy by Thomas
Sh A DWELL (.q.v.), performed at the The-
atre Royal in 1689, witli Mountfort as
Wildish, Leigh as La Roche, Mrs. Boutel
as Mrs. Fantast, Betterton as Lord Bella my,
Underbill as Oldwit, Nokes as Sir Ilum-
2jhrey Noddij, Bowman as Trim. Mrs. Butler
as Philadelphia, Mrs. xMountfort as Mrs.
Gertrude, and Mrs. Cosey as Ladij Fantast.
Wildish dresses La Roche up to represent
a French count, in whicli character he
captures the affections of Mrs. Fantast.
In the end Wildish confesses the imposture,
and Mrs. Fantast and her mother are duly
mortified. Sir Humphrey and Trim are
suitors of Lady Fantast.
Bush Rang-ers (The). A play by F.
Marsden, founded on W. H. Thome's novel
so named.
Business is Business. A comedy in
three acts, by Horace Wigan, first per-
formed at the Theatre Royal, Brighton, on
June 22, 1874.
Busiris. A tragedy by Edward Young
(q.v.), first performed at Drury Lane on
March 7, 1718, with Ebrington as Busiris,
(King of Egypt), Booth as Myron (his son).
Wilks as Memnon, Mills as Nicanor, Mrs.
Oldfield as Mandane {Nicanofs daughter),
and Mrs. Thurmond as Myris (wife of
: Busiris). Memnon, who loves Mandane, is
a conspirator against the king, who had
murdered his predecessor on the throne.
Myron ravishes Mandane, and her father
thereupon joins ISremnon in his enterprise.
Memnon and Myron meet in battle, and the
latter is slain; Memnon and Mandane then
kill themselves. Busiris dies of his wounds,
and Myns is torn in pieces by the populace.
"The language is too frequently bombast,
but some parts of it are well written"
(Genest).
Busk. (1) A character in Theodork
Hook's ' Killing no Murder ' (q.v.). (2) A
conjurer and stroller (afterwards a stoker)
in E. L. Blanchard's ' Faith, Hope, and
Charity' (q.v.). (3) A character in Kenney's
* Love, Law, and Physic' (q.v.).
Buskin and Belvi.
Murder.
See Killing no
Bussy D'Ambois. A tragedy in five
acts, by George Chapman (q.v.), first
printed in 1607 "as it hath been often pre-
sented at Paul's." It Avas reprinted in 1608,
1616, 1641, and 1657— the text of 1641 having
been " much corrected and amended by the
author before his death." " The ground-
work of the play," wrote the editor of a re-
print in 1814-15, " was historical. D'Ambois
lived in the time of Henry III. [of France],
and was celebrated for his personal accomp-
lishments and his valour." In the tragedy,
the king's brother takes D'Ambois, who is
Eoor, under his protection, and introduces
im to the king. Tamyra, wife of Mont-
surry, falls in love with ^D'Ambois, and has
secret interviews with him. Meanwhile, the
king's brother, displeased with the favour-
shown to D'Ambois by Henry, and having
heard of his proteyii's intrigue -with Tamyra,
betrays the lovers'^to Montsurry, who causes
D'Ambois to be killed, l)ut, in the end, for-
gives Tamyra. Thomas D'Urfey records that
about 1675 he saw Hart play D'Ambois. The
play, " in spight of the obsolete phrases and
intolerable fustian with which a great part
of it was cramm'd, had some extraordinary-
beauties which insensibly charmed " him.
This no doubt led to his adapting the tra-
gedy to suit his own views, and producing
it at the Theatre Royal in 1691, with Mount-
ford as D'Ambois, Powell as Montsurry,
Freeman as the King, Hodgson as h'is
brother, Kynaston as the Duke of Guise,
Verbruggen as Bariser, Bright as Maf^,
Bowen as a fencing-master (introduced),.
Mrs. Lassels as the Duchess of Guise, Mrs.
Cory as Teresia, and Mrs. Bracegirdle as
Tamyra. D'Urfey represented Tamyra as
engaged to D'Ambois before she married
Montsurry, and made her kill herself in the
end. Dryden characterized Chapman's work
as "a jelly, nothing but a cold dull mass,"
with "repetition in abundance, looseness
of expression, and gross hyperboles," "a
hideous mingle of false poetry and true
nonsense." In Hazlitt's opinion, the cha-
racter from whom the play derives its name
"is arrogant and ostentatious to an un-
heard-of degree, but full of nobleness and
lofty spirit. His pride and unmeasured pre-
tensions alone take away from his real
merit ; and by the quarrels and intrigues in
which they involve him, bring about the
catastrophe, which has considerable gran-
BUSTER
234
BUTLER
fleur and imposing effect, in the manner of
Seneca." See Revenge of Bussy D'Ambois.
Buster, Mr. and Mrs. Serg-eanl.
Characters in Boucicault's 'Forbidden
Fruit ' (q.v.).
Bustle. Allget Bustle is a lawyer in A.
L. Campbell's ' Lvtenshee Lovel.' (2)
Mrs. and Bets\j Bustle ti^ure in J. PoOLE'S
'Delicate Attentions.' (3) 0. P. Bustle is
a provincial theatrical manager in Peake'S
' Amateurs and Actors' {q v).
Bustler, Billy. A character in Cum-
berland's * First Love ' {q.v.)-
Busy, Zeal-of-tlie-land. A Puri-
tan, suitor to iJaine Purecraft, in BEN
JONSON'S ' Bartholomew Fair ' {q-v.).
Busybody (The). (1) A comedy in five
acts, by Mrs. X'entlivre {q.v.), first per-
formed'at Drury Lane on May 12, 1709, with
Pack as Marplot, Estcourt as Sir Francis
Gripe, Willis as Sir George Airy, Bullock
as .Si> Jealous Traffick, Mills as Charles,
Bullock, jun., as Whisper, Mrs. Cross as
Miranda, Airs. Saunders as Patch, and Mrs.
Rogers as Isabinda ; revived at the Hay-
raarket in October, 1709, with Dogget as
Marplot and Mrs. Porter as Isabinda; at
Drury Lane in February, 1735, with Cibber,
jun., as Marplot, Mrs.'Clive as Miranda,
and Mrs. Pritchard as Patch ; at the Hay-
market in August, 1755, with Mrs. Abington
as Miranda; at Drury Lane in December,
175S, with Garrick as Marplot, Palmer as
Airy, Yates as Gripe, Miss Macklin as
Miranda, and Mrs. Clive as Patch ; at
Covent Garden in March, 17.^9, with Shuter
as Marplot ; at the same theatre in October,
1762, with Woodward as Marplot and
Shuter as Gripe ; at Drury Lane in January,
1783, with King as Marplot, Baddeley as
Traffick, Miss FaiTen as Miranda, and Miss
Pope as Patch ; at Covent Garden in Decem-
ber, 1790, with Lewis as Matylot, ]\Iunden
as Grip>e, INIacready as Charles, Mrs. Pope as
Miranda, and Mrs. Mountain as Isabinda ;
at the Haymarket in October, 1793, with
Bannister, jun., as Marplot ; at Drury Lane
in December, 1802, with Suett as Gripe,
Dowton as Traffick, and Mrs. Jordan as
Miranda ; at the same theatre in January,
1816, with Harley as Marplot, Dowton as
Gripe, and Miss Kelly as Patch; at the
Haymarket in September, 1824, with W.
Farren as Gripe, Vining as Aii-y, and Mrs.
Gibbs as Patch; at Sadler's Wells in
October, 1849, with H. IMarston as Airy,
A. Younge as Gripe, G. K. Dickinson as
Charles, Miss Fitzpatrick as Miranda, and
Mrs. H. Marston as Patch; at Miss Kelly's
Theatre in Dean Street, Soho, in January,
1850 ; at the Haymarket in June, 1855, with
Chippendale as Gripe, Rogers as Traffick,
Howe as Airy, W. Farren as Charles, Buck-
stone as Marplot, Clarke as Whisper, Miss
Reynolds as Miranda, and Miss E. Chaplin
as Patch; at Drury Lane in November,
1856, with A. Younge as Gripe, Tilbury as
Traffick, Roxby as Airy, C. J. Alathews as
Marp>lot, and INIiss INL Oliver as Miranda ; at
the Haymarket in November, 1871 (in three
acts, the scenes between Isabinda and
Charles being omitted), with Chippendale as
Gripe, 11. Howe as Airy, and INIiss Madge
Robertson as Miranda; at Wallack's The-
atre, New York, in November, 1885 ; at the
Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York, January,
1870, with J. Lewis as Marplot, and other
parts by W. Davidge, G. Holland, G. Clarke,
Miss Agnes Ethel, and Miss F. Davenport.
Of late years the comedy has been performed
in the English provinces by a company headed
by William Calvert and Miss Clara Cowper,
The story goes that at rehearsal "Mr.
Wilks had so mean an opinion of his part,
that one morning in a passion he threw it
off the stage into the pit, and swore that
nobody would sit to hear such stuff. . . .•
The dumb scene of Sir George with Miranda,
and the history of the garden-gate, are both
borrowed from Ben Jonson's comedy of
' The Devil's an Ass ' " (' Biographia
Dramatica')- " The plot and the incidents,'^
wrote Sir Richard Steele, "are laid with
that subtilty of spirit which is pecuhai
to females of wit." Hazlitt says of the'
piece: "It is not so profound in wit oi
character as some other of the old comedies
but it is nothing but bustle and gaiety froii;
beginning to end. The plot never ceases-
The ingenuity of contrivance is admirable
The development of the story is an un
interrupted series of what the French cal
coups de thedtre, and the situations succeec
one another like the changes of machiner;
in a pantomime. It is a true comic panto
mime." See, also, Dutton Cook's ' Night'
at the Play ; ' likewise. Marplot. (2) I
comedy translated from 'The Theatre o'
Education ' of Aldme. de Genlis, and pub
lished in 1781.
But Ho-wever. A farce in one act;
by H. Mayhew (q.v.) and H. Baylis (q.v.]'
first performed at the Haymarket on Octo
ber 30, 1838, with Wrench as Caleb Chizzler
Strickland as Standwell, and Mrs. F. Mat
thews as Mrs. Juniper. Among the persom
are Proivl and Gaby.
Butlired. A tragedy, attributed t.
Charles Johnstone, author of ' Chrysal
etc., and first performed at Covent Garde
on December 8, 1778. We are told tha
' Buthred ' was pronounced ' Blue-thread:
in Scotland and ' Butter-head ' in Irelam
See the ' BiogTaphia Dramatica ' (1812).
Butler (The). A comedy in three act;
by Herman Merivale and Mrs. Mer.
VALE, fir.st performed at the Theatre Koya
Manchester, November 24, ISSG, with J. li
Toole in the title part (David Trot), .•
Billington as Sir John Tracey, E. D. War
as Laurence Tracey, G. Shelton as Lor.
Babicorabe, C. Lowne as Frank St. Joh)
Miss Emily Thome as Lady Tracey, "hlv,
V. Yanbrugh as Lady Anne, Aliss M. Linde
as Alice, and Miss Kate Phillips as Lavim
Muddle ; produced at Toole's Tlieatre, Loi
don, on December 6, 1886, with the san
cast as above.
BUTLER
BUZFUZ
Butler, Fanny. See Kemble, Frances
ANN.
Butler> Mrs., acted under the manage-
ment of GiHard at Goodman's Fields, and
iftenvards (1742-3) at Lincoln's Inn Fields,
where she was seen in February of the latter
vear as Mrs. Frail. " Little is recorded of
iier," says Genest, " but she seems to have
been a respectable actress."
Butler, Mrs. Gr. H. See Eytinge,
Rose.
Butler, Reuben. A character in various
adaptations of ' The Heart of Midlothian '
Butler, Richard "William. Jour-
aalist and dramatic -writer, born 1844 ; has
;been associated with Henkv Chance New-
fTON (q-v.) in the aiithor.ship of dramatic
pieces produced under the num de guerre of
•'Richard-Henry" (^.r.). He has also had
long and considerable experience (notably
,iu the Referee) as critic of the theatre.
'.'i Butler, Samuel. Actor ; born 1797
ror 1804], died at Manchester, 1845 ; gained
ihis first experience on the York Circuit, mak-
ing his London (Jebiit at Covent Garden in
pctober, 1832, as Hamlet, which was followed
py other Shakespearean impersonations. He
lafterwards "starred" at the Surrey, the
[New City, and other minor theatres, also
securing much popularity in the provinces.
(He made his first appearance in America at
ithe Park Theatre, New York, in Novem-
- ber, 1841, as Hamlet. Latterly he gave up
Sicting in favour of lecturing on Shakespeare.
■ IWestland Marston, Avho saw him at the
Surrey, says : " He was a good elocutionist,
ind had the excellent quality of abandoning
himself to passion without self-criticism.
Being already a proficient in the technical
resources of his art, he trusted himself in
?ood faith to the leading impulses of the
character. I do not think he was given to
■ rant. He occasionally exploded in sudden,
■ vehement bursts, but they had the effect of
being spontaneous— the outcome of passion
iccumulated and repressed. He was gifted,
moreover, with a powerful voice. ... In
^hylocJc, I was more carried away by him,
!0 genuine was his passion, than by any
ither actor I have seen in the part. I could
lot undertake to say that his interpretations
were as profoujul as they were undoubtedly
vivid. I do know, however, that he was
teiTibly in earnest,' and that he had the
power of rousing masses to enthusiasm.
His excessive height was a great disadvan-
tage, and stood in the way of his being fully
appreciated" (' Our Recent Actors,' 1888).—
His wife made her American debut at the
Bowery, New York, in December, 1S41.
Butler, Thomas Hamley. Musical
jomposer, died 1823 ; wrote the music for
, Cumberland's ' Widow of Delphi ' (1780).
■* I Buttercup. (1) Corn j/ a.nd Nancy But-
:erciip, in O'Keei'E's ' Beggar on Horse-
Dack' (q.v.), are brother and sister. (2)
John Butlerctqj is a milkman in Brough's
'Phenomenon in a Smock Frock' (q.v.).
(3) Prince Buttercup is the hero of F. C
BuRNAND's ' White Fawn ' {q.v.). (4) Little
Buttercup is the bumboat woman in ' H.M.S.
Pinafore' {q.v.), and reappears in 'The
Wreck of the Pinafore' {q.v.).
Buttercup and Daisy. A musical
comedy in three acts, written bv George
Dance, composed by Arthur Richards and
others. Court Theatre, Liverpool, June 17,
1895; Kilburn Theatre, London, September
9, 1895.
Butterflies (The). A comedy in three
acts, by H. G. Carleton (q.v.), first per-
formed at the Hollis Street Theatre. Boston,
U.S.A., December 26, 1893 ; at Palmer's
Theatre, New York, February 5, 1S94, with
John Drew and Miss Maud Adams in the
chief roles.
Butterfly. An adaptation, by :Mrs.
COMYNS Carr, of 'Frou-Frou' {q.v.), first
performed at the Gaiety, Glasgow, on Sep-
tember 12, 1879, with Miss Ellen Terry as
the heroine, and Miss Fannv Pitt and
Charles Kelly in other leading parts.
Butterfly. A character in Dr. Bacon's
' Insigniticants ' (q.v.). (2) Beclcey Butterjbj
figures in E. Fitzball's 'Inchcape Bell.'
Butterfly Fever. See Gay Deceiver
and Taming the Truant.
Butterfly's Ball (The). A pantomime
produced at the Lyceum Theatre, London,
in December, 1846.
Butterscotch Family (The), in
Reece's 'Guv'nor' {q.v.), comprises Mr.,
Mrs., Freddy, and Kate.
Button, Billy, in Foote's 'Maid of
Bath.' (2) Button is a servant in F.
Phillips's ' Bird in the Hand ' {q.v.).
Buttoni. A page in H. J. Byron's
•Cinderella' {q.v.).
Butts. The landlord in W. Brough's
' Bona-tide Travellers.' (2) There is a Mrs.
Deputy Butts in ' The Water Party ' {q.v.) ;
and (3) Newinyton Butts is a character in
W. Harrison's 'Special Performances.'
See Newington Butts.
Buxom Joan. A burletta by Thomas
WiLLET, taken from the song of ' A Soldier
and a Sailor' in 'Love for Love' {q.v.), and
first performed at the Haymarket Theatre
in June, 1778.
Buy it, Dear, 'Tis made of Cash-
mere. A burlesque by J. Horncastle of
' The Bayadere ; or, The Maid of Cashmere ; *
first perfoi-med at Mitchell's Olympic, New
York, in November, 1840.
Buz, in 'Love and Gout ' (q.v.).
Buzbee, Dr. A character in J. Stir-
ling Coyne's ' Our National Defences.'
Buzfuz, Serg-eant, figures in various
dramatizations of the trial in 'Pickwick'
(q.v.).
BUZZARD
236
BYROX
by
Buzzard. (1) A short-sighted English-
man in S. Lover's ' II Paddv Whack in
Italia' (q.v.). (2) A sheriff's otiicer in J. M.
:Morto.n'S ' Steeplechase ' (q.v.) (3) A cha-
racter in J. Palgrave Simpson's ' World
and Stage ' (q.v.). (4) Benjamin and Lucretla
Buzzard appear in J. M. Morton's ' White-
bait at Green^^^ch' (,q.v.). (5) There is a
Joe Buzzard in SniS and Petiiti'S 'In the
Ranks' (q.v.).
By Command of the King-. A drama
' Edward Towers, New Pavilion Theatre,
London, November 25, 1871. (2) 'By Com-
mand of the Czar : ' a drama by R. Glover
and Chas. M. Hermann, Victoria Theatre,
London, November 5, 1877.
By Land and Sea. A drama in four
acts, by J. M. Campbell and J. L. Shine,
Theatre Royal, Birmingham, June 8, 1886.
By Proxy. A play by Charles
Klein {q.v.), first performed at the Academy
of Music, Newburg, New York State, May
16, 1892 ; Haarlem Opera House, New York,
September 12, 1892.
By Royal Command. A comedy-
drama in three acts, by E. Stirling (q.v.),
tirst performed at the Lyceum Theatre,
London, in August, 1856, 'with a cast in-
cluding F. Matthews, Emery, F. Vining,
I\Iiss Fairbrother, and Mrs. F. Matthews.
By Special Licence. A drama, in a
prologue and four acts, by Frank Marryat,
Tlieatre Royal, Longton, May 16, 1887.
By Special Request. A comedietta
by T. Malcolm AVatson, Strand Theatre,
London, February 7, 18S7.
By the Midland Sea. An " episode"
by Jlstin Huntly M'Carthy, first per-
formed at the Criterion Theatre, London, on
June 21, 1892.
By the River. By J. Wilton Joxes
{q.v.).
By the Sea. (1) A farce first performed
at the Strand Theatre, London, on April 8,
1872, with E. Atkins and Mrs. Raymond in
the cast. (2) A drama in one act, adapted
by Alec Nelson from Theuriet's 'Jeane-
Marie.' Ladbroke Hall, London, November
28, 1887. See FARM BY THE Sea.
By this Token. A farce by J. Keith
Angus {q-v-), first perform.ed at Sadler's
Wells Theatre, London, on May 6, 1SS4.
By-and-by. A comedy romance in
four acts, St. George's Hall, London, Feb-
ruary 3, 1896.
Byatt, Henry. Dramatic writer;
author of 'The Brothers' (1887), 'John
Thurgood, Farmer ' (1893), and the librettos
of 'Pierrot's Dream ' (1893) and ' The Golden
Age ' (1S;97) ; part-author, with H. Moss, of
• The Wastrel ' (1894).
Byeplay. A character in Brojle's
' xVntipodes ' (q.v.).
Byerdale, Lord, in Sheridan
Knowles'S ' Secretary' {q.v.).
Byeways. A one-act piece by G. S.
Payne, first performed at the (Jomedy
Theatre, London, March 10, 1897. ■
Byg-ones. A comedietta by A. W.
PiNERO, first performed at the Lyceum The-
atre, London, on September 18, 1880, with
Miss Alma Murray as Ruhy, Miss iloreley
as Bella, A. Elwood as the Hon. Curzon-
Grimshau-e, Archer as the Bev. Giles Horn-
castle, and the author as Professor Mazzoni;
revived at the Lyceum on May 4, 1895, with
Miss Annie Hughes, Miss Ailsa Craig, Ben
"Webster, W. Haviland, and Sydney Valen-
tine in the above-named parts.
Byrne, Charles A. American play.
Wright; author of 'Suzette,' and of the
librettos of 'Isle of Champagne,' 'Prince
Kam,' and ' Princess Nicotine.'
Byrne, James, harlequin and ballet-
master, "came," says Button Cook, "of a
dancing family." He was a member of the
ballet at Drury Lane under Gan-ick, and in
1775-6 was ballet-master at Sadler's WeUs.
In 1800 he appeared at Drury Lane as har-j
lequiu in ' Harlequin Amulet ; or. The
Magic of ]\Iona,' dressed in "a white silk
shape, fitting without a wrinkle, and into,
which the variegated silk patches were
woven, the whole being profusely covered
■with spangles." This has ever since been;
the costimie of harlequins in England. " Ir:
Grimaldi's judgment, Byrne was the best
harlequin of his time." He died in 1845.
Byrne, Oscar. Ballet-master, borr.
1795, died 1867 ; son of James Byrne {q.v.)
and christened Oscar (Button Cook says)ir
allusion to his father's success in the ballet
of 'Oscar and Malvina.' His first appear
ance as a dancer was made, apparently, ir
' 1803 at Drury Lane. He was ballet-niastei
at the Princess's, London, in 1856, at Drur:
Lane in 1862, at the Haymarket and St
James's in 1864, and at Her Majesty's ii
1866.
B3rron, Henry James. Playwrigh
and actor ; born at Manchester in 1835, die(
April 12, 1884 ; son of Henry Byron, Britisl.
Consul at Hayti; studied at first for th'
medical profession, but drifted on to th
stage ; thence went to study for the bai
and meanwhile became a playwright. Th
following is an approximately complete lis
of liis dramatic pieces :— ' Richard Cceur d
Lion,' burlesque (1857), ' The Latest Editio
of the Lady of Lyons' (1858). 'Fra Diavolo
burlesque (1858), ' The Maid and the Maj
pie,' burlesque (1858), ' Mazeppa,' burlesqu
(1S5S), ' The Verv Latest Edition of the Lad
of Lvons,' burle'sque (1859), ' The Babes i
the Wood,' burlesque (1859), 'The Nymp
of the Lurleyburg,' burlesque (1859), ' Jac
the Giant Killer,' burlesque (1859), ;Tt
Pilgrim of Love,' burlesque (1860), ' Robmsc
Crusoe,' burlesque (1860), ' Blue Beard,' mr
lesque (1860), ' The Garibaldi Excursionist?
farce (1860), ' Cinderella,' burlesque (1861
'Aladdin,' burlesque (1861), ' Esraeraldc
burlesque (1861), 'Miss Eily O'Conno
BYRON
237
BYRON
burlesque (1861). 'The Old Story' (1861),
•The Rival Othellos' (1861), ' Puss in a New
Pair of Boots,' burlesque (1S62), ' The Rose-
bud of Stinging-Nettle Farm,' burlesque
.1862), ' George de Barnwell,' burlesque
1862), 'Ivanhoe,' burlesque (1862), 'Beauti-
ful Haidee,' burlesque (1863), ' Ali Baba,'
burlesque (1863), ' Ill-Treated II Trovatore,'
burlesque (1863), ' The Motto,' burlesque
1863), 'Lady Belle Belle,' burlesque (1863),
1863 ' (1863), ' Orpheus and Eurydice,' bur-
esque (1863), ' Mazourka,' burlesque (1864),
■Princess Springtime,' extravaganza (1864),
The Grin Bushes,' burlesque (1864), ' Timo-
'^^y to the Rescue ' (18C4), ' Lord Dundreary
Married and Done For' (1864), 'Pan,' bur-
lesque (1865), 'La Sonnambula,' burlesque
• 1865), 'Lucia di Lammermoor,' burlesque
il865), ' Little Don Giovanni,' burlesque
1865), 'War to the Knife' (1865), 'Der
Freischutz,' burlesque (1866), 'Pandora's
Box,' burlesque (1866), ' A Hundred Thou-
3and Pounds ' (1866), ' William Tell with a
Vengeance' (1867), 'The Lancashire Lass*
1 1867), ' Dearer than Life ' (1867), ' Blow for
•Slow' (1868), 'Lucrezia Borgia, M.D.'
'1868), 'Cyril's Success' (1868), 'Robinson
Omsoe,' pantomime (1868), ' Not such a
Fool as he Looks ' (1868), ' Minnie ' (1869),
The Corsican Brothers,' burlesque (1869),
Uncle Dick's Darling ' (1869), 'The Yellow
Dwarf,' pantomime (1869), ' Lord Bateman,'
Durlesque (1869), ' Whittington and his Cat,'
3antomime (1869"), ' The Prompter's Box,'
1870), ' Robert Macaire,' burlesque (1870),
An English Gentleman ' (1870), ' Wait and
aope' (1871). 'Daisy Farm' (1871), 'The
Enchanted Wood ' (1871), ' The Orange Tree
Imd the Humble Bee ' (1871). ' Not if I
'inow It ' (1871), ' Giselle ' (1871), ' Partners
or Life ' (1871), ' Caraaralzaman and the
?air Badoura ' (1871), ' Blue Beard,' pan-
tomime (1871), ' Eurydice ' (1871), ' Haunted
louses ' (1872), ' The Spur of the Moment '
1872), 'Good News' (1872), 'The Lady of
,he Lane' (1872), 'Mabel's Life' (1872),
Time's Triumph' (1872), 'Fine Feathers'
1873), 'Sour Grapes' (1873), libretto of
La Fille de Madame Angot ' (1873), ' Old
3oldiers ' (1873), ' Chained to the Oar ' (1873),
Don Juan,' burlesque (1873), libretto of
The Pretty Perf umeress ' (1874), libretto of
The Demon's Bride ' (1874). ' An American
..ady ' (1874). ' Normandy Pippins ' (1874),
Robinson Crusoe,' burlesque (1874), 'Guy
^'awkes,' burlesque (1874), 'Oil and Vinegar'
1874), 'The Thumbscrew' (1874), 'Old
bailors' (1874), 'Weak Woman ' (1875). ' Our
Boys ' (1875), ' Married in Haste ' (1876), ' £20
. Year, all Found' (1876), 'Tottles' (1876),
The Bull by the Horns ' (1876), ' Little Don
-'sesar de Bazan ' (1876). ' Wrinkles ' (1876).
Widow and Wife' (1876), 'Pampered Me-
lials' (1876), 'Little Dr. Faust ' (1877), 'Old
:hums ' (1877), ' The Bohemian Gyurl ' (1877).
Guinea Gold ' (1877), libretto of ' Fatinitza '
1878), ' II Sonnambulo ' (1878), ' Young Fra
,)iavolo' (1878), 'A Fool and his Money'
1878), ' The Hornet's Nest ' (1878), ' Con-
cience Money ' (1878).' Uncle ' (1879), ' Court-
mp' (1879), 'Pretty Esmeralda' (1879),
Handsome Hernani' (1879), 'The Girls'
(1879), ' Gulliver's Travels ' (1879), ' Jack the
Giant Killer ' (1S79), ' The Upper Crust ' (1880).
• The Light Fantastic ' (1880). ' Trovatore ;
or, Larks with a Libretto ' (1880), ' Bow Bells '
(1880), ' Without a Home ' (1880), ' Michael
Strogoff' (1881), 'Punch' (1881), 'New
Brooms ' (ISSl), ' Fourteen Days ' (1S82),
' Auntie ' (1882), ' The Villainous Squire and
the A'illage Rose ' (1882), ' Open House '
(1885), and 'The Shuttlecock,' completed
by J. Ashby-Sterry (1SS5). He was also
co-author, with the Fun staff, of ' Robinson
Crusoe' (1S67) ; with Dion Boucicault, of
' Lost at Sea ' (1869) ; with Burnand, Gilbert,
and Reece, of ' The Forty Thieves ' (1878) ;
and, with H. B. Farnie, of the libretto of
'Frolique' (1882). (See Crushed Trage-
dian and Two Stars.) BjTon's most notable
performances as an actor were in his own
productions : Sir Simon Simple in ' Not such
a Fool as he Looks' (Globe Theatre, Lon-
don. October, 1869), Fitzaltamont in 'The
Prompter's Box/ (Adelphi Theatre, March,
1870), Mr. Craven in ' Daisy Farm ' (Olympic,
May, 1S71), Lionel Leveret in ' Old Soldiers'
(Strand Theatre, January, 1S73), Harold
Trivass in ' An American Lady ' (Criterion
Theatre, March, 1874), Gibson Greeve in
'Married in Haste' (Haymarket Theatre.
October, 1875), Dick Simpson in ' Conscience
Money' (Havmarket Theatre, September,
1878), Charles Chucklesin' An EnglishCientle-
man' (Gaiety Theatre, October, 1879), Mat-
thew Pincher in ' Cyril's Success ' (Folly
Theatre, January, 1880), and John Blunt in
Michael Strogofl' (Adelphi Theatre, March,
1881). He was also seen in London as Cheviot
Hill in Gilbert's * Engaged ' (Court Theatre,
November, 1881). In April, 1865, he became
co-lessee with Miss Marie Wilton (Mrs. Ban-
croft) of the Prince of Wales's Theatre,
London ; in 1867, however, the partnership
was dissolved, Byron undertaking the direc-
tion of the Alexandra Theatre (and after-
wards of the Theatre Royal and the Amphi-
theatre), Liverpool. These latter speculations
were disastrous. "His forte," wrote Button
Cook, "lies in the composition of facetious
dialogue ; in that, I think, consists his
gi-eat hold upon popular favour. But his
wit and humour have not been more heartily
relished and admired than by his critics.
True, they have censured his puns ; but the
canons of literary taste have immemorially
forbidden puns and playing upon words in
all works of pretence. . . . Mr. Byron's
inventiveness, and the ingenuity he exerts
in the construction of his plots, may be
viewed as proved by the extraordinary
number and success of his plays. . . . Mr.
Byron has the consolation of knowing that
his burlesques have pleased very many, and
have been generally regarded as reputable
specimens of their class. . . . The place he
may by-and-by be allotted among dramatists
it is not for me to determine. . . . But I
think that Mr. Byron's comedies are un-
questionably to be accounted, in these
days, as excellent and laudable as were the
comedies of Reynolds, O'Keefe, Morton,
and Holcroft in the last century Further,
it will be always remembered, when Mr.
II
BYRON
238
C-ELINA
Byron's claims to applause are under con-
sideration, that althougli he has produced
a long list of plays, he has very rarely
borrowed from a foreign source, or dealt
with a plot not of his own devising; that
his works have been irreproachable as to
their moral character, as his jests have been
free from every suspicion of coarseness or
indecorum. ... As an actor, within a some-
what narrow range of impersonation, he has
invariably proved himself of real distinc-
tion" (The Theatre, March, 1880). See
Pascoe's 'Dramatic List' (1880), the The-
atre for October, 1878, and May, 1884, and
the Era for April 19, 1884.
Byron, Liord. The following verse-
plays by Lord Byron (1788-1824) have been
presented on the stage : — ' Manfred,' ' Ma-
rino Faliero,' ' Sardanapalus,' ' The Two
Foscari,' and ' Werner,' all of which see.
See, also, the burlesques based upon
' The Bride of Abydos,' ' Don Juan,' and
• Manfred.' See London Theatres (Drury
Lane).
Byron, Marshal of France.
Conspiracy of Byron.
See
Byron, Medora Gordon. Author oi
Zameo ; or, The White Warrior' {q.v.).
Cabal and Love. The title under
which Schiller's well-known play was pub-
lished in an English translation in 1795.
See Harper's Daughter.
Cabaret de Lustucru (Le). See
Follies of a Night, The.
Cabbag'i, Sigrnor Sproutzo, in BuR-
NAND's and Stephens' ' Balloonacy ' (q.v.).
Cabin Boy (The). A drama in two
acts, by Edward Stirling, first performed
at the'Adelphi Theatre, London, March 9,
1846, with Mdme. Celeste in the title part
(Julian), supported by Miss Woolgar, Miss
Reynolds, O. Smith, Munyard, and Paul
Bedford ; New York, 1851.
Cabinet (The). A comic opera in three
acts, written by T. Dibdin, composed by
Reeve, Moorhead, Corri, Davy, and Bra-
ham, and first performed at Covent Garden
on February 9, 1802, with a cast including
Braham, Incledon, Munden, and Storace.
Cabinet Minister (The). A farce in
four acts, by A. W. Pinero (q.v.), first per-
formed at the Court Theatre, London, on
April 23, 1890, with Arthur Cecil in the title
j)SLvt(SirJt(lian Twombley), Mrs. John Wood
as Lady Twombley, Weedon Grossmith as
Joseph Lebanon, Brandon Thomas as Mac-
phail, Mrs. E. Phelps as Lady Macphail,
Miss R. Filippi as J/?-s. Gaylustre, and other
roles by Allan Aynesworth, Herbert Waring,
Miss Le Thiere, "Miss Eva Moore, etc. ; first
performed in America at Daly's Theatre,
New York, on January 12, 1892, with a cast
including John Drew, J. Lewis, Tyrone
Power, Mrs. G. H. Gilbert, Miss Percy Has-
well, and Miss Hobart Bosworth.
Cabinet Question (A). A comic drama
in one act, by J. R. Planche (q.v.), first
performed at the Haymarket Theatre on
September 23, 1845, with Tilbury as Eose-
wood (a cabinet-maker), J. B. Buckstone
as Tom Polish (his foreman), Brindal, Howe,
and Miss Julia Bennett ; New York, 1846.
Cabinet Secret (A). A comedy in two
acts, by L. H. F. Du Terreaux (^q.v.), first
performed at the Philharmonic Theatre;
London, on October 19, 1872.
Cabman No. 93. A farce by T. J. Wil-
liams (q.v.), performed at the Lyceturi'
Theatre, London, December, 1867.
Cabriolo. A travelling showman ii
' The Princess of Trebizonde' (q.v.).
Cacafog-o. A usurer in ' Rule a Wifi
and Have a Wife' (q.v.).
Cachucha. A waitress in Farnie":
' Intimidad ' (q.v.).
Cade, Jack, the rebel, figures in ' ,
Henry VI.' (q.v.).
Cadi (The). A play by Bill Nyi
(Edgar AV. Nye), first performed at the Open
House, New Bedford, Mass., September t
1891 ; produced in New York, Septembei
21, 1891, at the Union Square Theatre. Se<i
Caid, Le.
Cadi of Bag-dad (The). An opera i)
three acts, by Abraham Portal, first pei
formed at Drury Lane on February 19, 1778
Cadwal. The name assumed by Arvi
ragns (q.v.) in ' Cymbeline ' (q.v.).
Cadwallader, Mr., in Foote''
'Author' (q.v.), was a caricature of on
Ap-rice, a Welsh gentleman. (2) Frofesso,
and Eugenia Cadwallader axe characters ii
Daly's ' Big Bonanza ' (q.v.).
Caedmar. An opera in one act, musi'
by Granville Bantock. Crystal Palace,
October 18, 1892, with Madame Duma a
Hulda.
Caelia; or, The Perjured Lovei
A play by Charles Johnson (q.v.), pe:
formed at Drury Lane on December 11 an
12, 1732. The perjured lover is Wronglox
(Mills), who has seduced Ccelia (Mrs. Cibber
and neglects to marry her. Eventually h
is killed in a duel, and Cct^lia dies of a broke'
heart. The epilogue was by Fielding.
Ceelina ; or, A Tale of Mysterj
A drama in two acts, "taken" by JoH
t
C^SAR AND CLEOPATRA
239
CAIUS GRACCHUS
AVai.lace from the French, and published
in 1802.
Csesar and Cleopatra. See Cesar,
Julius.
Csesar and Pompey. See Cesar,
Julius.
Csesar Borg-ia, Son to Pope Alex-
ander VI. A tragedy by Nathaniel Lee
(q.v.), performed at Dorset Garden in 16S0,
with Betterton as Borgia, Smith as 3/a-
chiavel, Williams as JJuke of Gandia, Mrs.
Ijee&iBellamira, and Mrs. Price as Adorna;
revived at the Haymarket in 1707, and at
Drm-y Lane in 1710.
Caesar de BazaQ, Don, See Don
Cms^r ue Bazan.
Ceesar, Don. (1) A character in Mrs.
Centlivre's ' Bold Stroke for a Husband '
(q.v.). (2) The hero of Westland Marston'S
'Donna Diana' iq.v.).
Caesar in Eg-ypt. See Cesar, Julius.
Csesar, Julius, is a prominent charac-
ter in several English plays ; notably in (1)
the 'Julius C.-esar' (q.v.) of Shakespeare.
(2) ' The False One ' (q.v.), by Beaumont
and Fletcher. (3) ' C?esar's Fall,' by
iWEBSTER, DEKKER, MIDDLETON, MUNDAY,
(Drayton (1002). (4) ' Caesar and Pompey : '
a, tragedy by George Chapman (q.v.), acted
at Black Friars, and printed in 1607 and 1631.
■' In the first act, Ca'sar and Pompey dispute
in the senate-house at Rome ; in the fourth
let the battle of Pharsalia takes place ; in
the fifth, Cato kills himself. The principal
characters are justly delineated" (Genest).
' Csesar and Pompey ' is the title of a play
referred to by Gosson in his ' School of
A.buse' (1579), and of another, performed at
:he Rose Theatre in 1594-5.] (5) ' Julius
Csesar' (q.v.), by the Duke of Buckingham-
miRE (printed 1722). (6) ' Caesar in Egypt : '
I tragedy by COLLEY ClBBER (q.v.), first
icted at Drury Lane on December 9, 1724,
;^ith Booth as t7t<^i«s C<iesrtr, Wilks as J.?; to?iy,
pibber as^c/io?v«s, Cibber, jun., as Ptolemy,
tVIrs. Oldfield as Cleojjatra, and Mrs. Porter
IS Cornelia. "The plan of this tragedy,"
iays Genest, " is chiefly borrowed from ' The
?alse One' [q.v.] . . . Fletcher's play is a
.'ery good one, Gibber's is dull and unin-
eresting." (7) ' The Roman Revenge ' (q.v.),
)y Aaron Hill (printed 1753). (8) ' Caesar
md Cleopatra : ' a chronicle play in five acts,
ly G. Bernard Shaw (q.v.). Theatre Royal,
S'ewcastle-on-Tyne, March 15, 1899 ("copy-
ight performance," with Mrs. Patrick Camp-
jell as Cleopatra).
Caesar, Octavius, the triumvir, figures
n Shakespeare's ' Antony and Cleopatra '
q.v.).
Caesar's Fall. See C^sar, Julius.
, Cag-liostro. (1) A play produced in New
I ork in 1831. (2) A play by C. A. Clarke,
noduced at the Park Theatre, London, June
2, 1875. See Charlatan, The.
Cagnotte (lia). A farce by E. Labiche
and A. Delacour, played at the Gaiety
Theatre, London (by a French company), in
June, 1880. See El Dorado and Lord
Mayor's Day.
Cag-ot (The) ; or, Heart for Heart.
A drama in blank verse, by Edmund Fal-
coner (q.v.), first performed at the Lyceum
Theatre, London, on December ti, 1856, with
Miss Woolgar as Euginie, Mrs. Weston as
Astarte, Stuart as Sir Aymer de Beriot, C.
Dillon as Raoul ; supposed to owe something
to G rattan's novel, ' The Cagot's Hut.'
Caid (Le). An "op^ra comique" by
Ambroise Thomas, first performed in Eng-
land, with a libretto by Arthur Matthison
(^.?;.), and under the title of 'The Cadi,' at
the Prince's Theatre, Manchester, on De-
cember 8, 1880, with a cast including Miss
Georgina Burns, Miss L. De La Rue, Leslie
Crotty, G. H. Snazelle, C. Lyall, and J. W.
Turner.
Cain. " A Mystery " in three acts, by
George, Lord Byron (q.v.), printed in 1821.
"In the second act the scene lies first in
the Abyss of Space, and then in Hades. In
the first and third acts the scene lies on
earth, not far from Eden. The second act
might be totally omitted without any de-
triment to the story " (Genest). The personoe
include, besides Cain, his wife Adah ; Abel^
and his wife Zillah ; Adam, Lucifer, and
the Angel of the Lord.
Caine, Lily Hall. Actress ; sister of
T. Hall Caine (q.v.) ; was the original re-
presentative of Thekla in Michael Field's
' Question of Memory ' (1893), Constance in
Dr. Todhunter's ' Black Cat ' (1893). Elsie
Hunt in Sutton Vane's ' Cotton King ' (1894),
and Bon-bon in ' The Duchess of Dijon '
(q.v.). In 1892 she played Cariola in ' The
Duchess of Malfi ' (Opera Comique, London),
and in the British provinces she has en-
acted the heroines of 'The Middleman,'
' The Home Secretary,' ' The Masqueraders,'
etc. In 1904, at ^lanchester, she played
Lady Anne in ' Richard III.'
Caine, T. Hall. Novelist and play-
wright, born 1853 ; author of plays founded
on his own romances—' The Bondman ' (1892).
' The Manxman ' (1897), * The Christian '
(1898), and ' The Eternal City ' (1902) ; and
part author (with Wilson Barrett) of ' Ben
:My Chree ' (1888) and ' The Good Old Times '
(1889)— all of which see ; author, also, of
' Richard III. and Macbeth : a dramatic
study ' (1877), and a preface to Maeterlinck's
' Princess Maleine ' (1892).
Caius, Dr. A French physician in
' The Merry Wives of W'indsor ' (q.v.).
Caius Gracchus. (1) A tragedy by
John Joshua, Earl of Carysfort, printed
in 1810. (2) A tragedy by J. Sheridan
Knowles (q.v.), first performed at Drury
Lane Theatre on November IS, 1823, with
Macready in the title part, Younge as
Vettius, Pope as Brusus, Mrs. Bunn as
Cornelia (mother of Gracchus), Mrs. W.
CAIUS MARCIUS
240
CALDWELL
West as Licinia (his Avife), and other parts
by Archer, Yarnold, and S. Penley. The
plot shows how Gracchus, after successfully
pleading for Vettius, is elected Tribune,
and how the Patricians, by the aid of Brusus,
undermine his popularity, so that he is led
to commit suicide. The p^ay was performed
in New York in April, 1825. with Cooper in
the title part, Placide as Marius, and Mrs.
Barnes as Cornelia; and in April, 1827,
vfith Macready as Gracchus. See Macready's
' Reminiscences.'
Caius Marcius. See Coriolanus.
Caius Marius, The History and
Fall of. A tragedy by Thomas Otway
(q.v.), performed at Dorset Garden in 16S0,
with Betterton in the title part, Smith as
his son, Gillow as Metellus, Williams as
Sylla, Mrs. Barry as Lavinia, Underbill
as Sulpitius, and Nokes as the Nurse ; re-
vived at the Haymarket in 1707, and at
Drury Lane in 1715 and 1717. " Otway
acknowledges in the prologue that about
half of this play is taken from ' Romeo and
Juliet'" [q.v.]. *■' Marius junior is in love
with Lavinia, and beloved by her. Her
father, Metellus, who is of the other party,
insists on her marrying of Sijlla. The
greater part of the Nurse's character is
retained, and Sulpitius is a bad Mercutio.
. . . For the history of Caius IMarius see
Plutarch. Otway neither follows history ex-
actly, nor deviates grossly from it " (Genest).
Calantha. The heroine of Ford's
* Broken Heart' (q.v.).
Calanthe, in Banim's 'Damon and
Pythias,' is betrothed to Pythias.
Calaynos. A tragedy by G. H. Boker
(q.v.), produced at Sadler's Wells Theatre,
London, on May 10, 1849, with Phelps as
the hero (a wealthy nobleman), H. Marston
as Don Luis (his friend), G. K. Dickinson as
Oliver (his secretary), Miss Cooper as Donna
Alda (his wife), Hopkins as Suto (Don Luis'
servant), and Mrs. H. Marston as Martina
(Donna Alda's maid). "The plot," wi'ote
George Daniel, "is simple and compact;
the language is poetical and elegant, often
dignified and impassioned ; the characters
are skilfully conceived and elaborately
wrought."
Calchus. A Trojan priest in 'Troilus
and Cressida ' (q-v.).
Calcraft, John "William [n4 Cole].
Actor and playwTight, died February, 1870 ;
was originally in the army, but eventually
took to the stage. Appearing at Edinburgh,
for the first time, in 1S19, as fago to Edmund
Kean's Othello, he remained there, playing
leading parts (such as Romeo, Laertes, Sir
George Touchwood, and characters in various
dramatizations of Scott's novels) till 1824,
when he went into management at Dublin.
There he stayed till 1851. He afterwards
became private secretary to Charles Kean,
whose ' Life ' (1859) he wrote. He was the
author, also, of an adaptation of ' The Bride
of Lammermoor' (q.v.), in which he played
JSdgar, and of other plays.
Calderon de la Barca, Pedro. It ^
is thought that Joh.n Fletcher may have .
been indebted to this famous Spanish •
Avriter (1601-1081) for the plot of his ' Elder •
Brother ' (1637) ; and it is tolerably certain I
that George Digby, Earl of Bristol, '
based his comedies, ' 'Tis Better than it
Was' and 'Worse and Worse' (1662-1665),:
upon plays by Calderon. Digby undoubt- ,
edly adapted (1667) one of Calderon's pieces
under the title of ' Elvira ; or. The Worst not
always True' (q.v.). Other English plays,'
printed or acted, which owe their origin to
Calderon, are 'The Adventures of Five;
Hours' (q.v.), by Sir Samuel Tuke (1663) ;
"Tis Well it's No Worse' (q-v.), by Isaac
BiCKERSTAFF (1770) ; ' Fortune Mends ' and
•From Bad to Worse,' by F. Holcroft;
(1805) ; 'The Fairy Lady' and ' Keep youri
Own Secret,' by Lord Holland (1807);'
' Justina' (q.v.), by J. H. (1848); 'The Con-'
stant Prince,' 'The Secret in Words,' 'Thej
Phvsician of his Own Honour,' 'Love after'
Death,' 'The Purgatory of St. Patrick,'! M
'The Scarf and the Flower,' translated bv.'
D. F. M'Carthy (1853) ; ' The Painter of!
his Own Dishonour,' * Keep your Ownj
Secret,' 'Gil Perez the Gallician,' ' Three j
Judgments at a Blow,' ' The Mayor of Za-J
lamea,' and ' Beware of Smooth Water,'!
freely translated by Edward FitzGerald-
(1853) ; ' Life's a Dream ' and ' The Great '
Theatre of the World ' (portions only), trans-'
lated with essay by R. C. Trench (1856 and]
1880) ; ' Love the Greatest Enchantment,'' i
' The Sorceries of Sin,' ' The Devotion of the'
Cross,' translated by D. F. M'Carthy (1S61);:
' The Two Lovers of Heaven : Chrysanthus'
and Daria,' translated by D. F. M'Cartht^
(1870) ; 'The Wonder-working INIagician,'!
'Life is a Dream,' 'The Purgatorv of St.'
Patrick,' translated by D. F. IM'Carthi!
(1873) ; ' The INIighty ]\Iagician ' and ' Such;
Stuff as Dreams are made of,' freely trans-
lated by Edward FitzGerald (1877) '
'Humours of the Court' and 'The Chris:
tian Captives,'adapted by R. Bridges (q.v.)
Shelley translated some scenes from Cal
deron's ' Magico Prodigioso.' See G. H
Lewes' ' The Spanish Drama ' (1847) an(
E. J. Hasell's 'Calderon' (1877). Also'
' Select Plays of Calderon,' edited, witl'
introduction and notes, by Norman MacColj
(1888). j
Caldicott, Alfred James. Musica)
composer, born 1842, died 1897 ; wrote th-
music for the following dramatic pieces :-j
'Treasure Trove' (1883), 'Old Knocklesi
(1884), ' The Friar' (1886), ' Tally Ho ' (1887;,
'Wanted, an Heir' (1888), 'The Bo'sun';
Mate' (1888), 'John Smith' (1889), 'Brill
tany Folk ' (1889), ' Locked In ' (18S9), ' k'.
Abroad' (1890). 'Possessions' (1890), 'Th;
Old Bureau' (1891), 'A Knight Errant:
(1894). ;
Caldwell, James H. Actor, born i
England, 1793, died New York, 1863 ; begaj
his career, as a child, at Manchester; mad,
his debut in America at Charleston, ij
1816, as Belcour in ' The West Indian' (?.■».:
In 1828 he made his first appearances ij
i
I
CALEB QUOTEM
241
CALIXO
ew York, as Bdcour, Doricourt, Duke
ranza, Benedict, Youwj Wilding, Charles
ifface, etc. His last performance as an
tor was on January 14, 1843. In the course
his career he built theatres at Petersburg
a.), New Orleans, Nashville, St. Louis,
itchez, and Cincinnati. See Ireland's
iew York Stage.'
Caleb Quotem. See Throw Physic
i THE Dogs.
Caled. Commander of the Arabs in
L'GHES's 'Siege of Damascus ' (q.v.).
Caledonia. Daughter of Johji o' Groat
W. Brough and A. Halliday's 'My
jart's in the Highlands ' (q.v.).
;Calhaem, Stanislaus. Actor ; from
■i fifth to his twelfth year played leading
egitimate" parts in the British provinces,
'der the name of the " Infant Koscius."
is was followed by several years' experi-
cein country theatres, his London debut
ing made at the Lyceum Theatre on
Iptember 15, 1856, as Leontes in ' Perdita '
'v.). He was the original representative
it Leeds, in 1864, of Jacky in ' It's Never
) Late to Mend' ('^.i'.) ; also, at the Prin-
5s's Theatre, London, in 1866, of Simon
'ppertit in Watts Phillips and F. Vining's
[arnaby Rudge' iq.v.). He played the
rmer part at the Princess's in 1865 and
''8, at tlie Adelphi in 1881, and at Drury
ne in 1885. Of lat-e yea.rs he has been in
3 first cast of ' Zillah ' and ' Forget-me-
pt' (Lyceum, 1879). * An Old Master' (Prin-
1880), 'Major and Minor' (Olympic,
^1), and he played the First Gravedirjger
'• Hamlet ' at the Princess's in ISSO, Verges
' Much Ado About Nothing ' at the Ly-
;imin 1882, the Cloivn in ' Twelfth Night '
the same theatre in 1884, and the Second
Hch in ' Macbeth ' at the Olympic in 1886.
Hs the author of a play (adapted) named
jiught' (^.y ).— His daughter Eniilie made
r first professional appearance at the
raedy Theatre in 1886.
iJalhoun, Eleanor. Actress, born in
<;dfornia, 1862 ; made her first public ap-
jii-rance at the Grand Opera House, San
liincisco, on October 18, 1S80, as Juliet.
jfT this came a three-months' tour of the
Ijited States, during which she played the
liale "lead" in various plavs of Shake-
sare, 'The Hunchback,' 'the Lady of
hns,' 'Love's Sacrifice,' 'The Wife,' and
*:iniel Rochat' {Leah Henderson). In
312 (October 14) she made her London
fjut at the Imperial Theatre as Hester in
ja Unequal Match' {q.v.), appearing also
Q October 21 as Rosalind. Engaged for
t Haymarket Theatre, she figured there
scessively (in 1883-85) as Lady Nell in
I ero's « Lords and Commons ' (first pro-
c.tion), Lady Duncan in ' A Lesson ' (first
pduction), Lydia Languish in ' The Rivals,'
i'a in 'Diplomacy,' Mahel in ' Masks and
l;es,' and Blanche Haye in ' Ours.' In June,
13, Miss Calhoun produced, under her own
Eaagement, at the Royalty, London, an
aptationby S. Coleridge and N. Forbes of
'The Scarlet Letter' {q.v.), herself appear-
ing as Hester Prynne. In :May, 1889, she
was the original Janik in ' The' Grandsire '
at Terry's, and in July, 1890, she followed
Miss Olga Brandon as Vashti in 'Judah'
at the Shaftesbury. In 1891 Miss Calhoun
studied in Paris, under M. Coquelin, and
later appeared at Orleans as Kathenne in
'LaMeg^re Apprivois^e' ('The Taming of
the Shrew '). Her next appearance in Lon-
don was in December, 1894, at the Garrick,
as Ruth Egerton in ' The Slaves of the Ring '
{q.v.). In 1897 she was the heroine in ' A
Court of Honour ' (Royalty Theatre), in 1898
she was seen at St. George's Hall as Calantha
in Ford's 'Broken Heart,' and in 1899 she
played the title part {Clorinda Wildairs) in
' A Lady of Quality ' at the Comedy Theatre.
She has also appeared in the English pro-
vinces as Cleopatra, and at a London subur-
ban theatre as Lady Macbeth.
Calianax, in ' The Maid's Tragedy '
{q.v.), is "a blunt, satirical courtier," "a
character of much humour and novelty"
(Hazlitt).
Caliban, in 'The Tempest* {q.v.), is the
"freckled whelp" of Sycorax. "The cha-
racter of Caliban," says Hazlitt, "is generally
thought (and justly so) to be one of the
author's masterpieces. ... In itself it is
one of the wildest and most abstracted of
all Shake-spear's characters, whose defor-
mity, whether of body or mind, is redeemed
by the power and truth of the imagination
displayed in it. It is tlie essence of gross-
ness, but there is not a particle of vulgarity
in it. Shakespear has described the brutal
mind of Caliban in contact with the pure
and original forms of nature ; the character
grows out of the soil where it is rooted,
imcontrolled, uncouth, and wild, uncramped
by any of the meannesses of custom. It is
' of the earth, earthy.' It seems almost to
have been dug out of the ground, with a
soul instinctively superadded to it answering
to its wants and origin." Caliban figures also
in the Brothers Brolgh's travesty of ' The
Tempest,' called ' The Enchanted Isle ' {q.v.).
Calico, Charles, in M. and B. Bar-
NETX's ' Out on the Loose.'
Californian (The). A play by J. W.
Collier, performed in U.S.A. Dramas
called ' The California Detective ' and ' The
California Pioneers' have also been pro-
duced in America.
Caligrula, Emperor of Rome. A
tragedy by John Crowne {q.v.), acted at
Drury Lane in 1698, with Powell in the title
part. " Crowne has drawn the characters
of the Emperor and his wife Ccesonia ac-
cording to history, but the principal in-
cident seems to be fictitious. Valerius
Asiaticus had kept his wife Julia in the
country. She comes to Rome contrary to
his orders, the Emperor ravishes her, and
she poisons herself. In the last act Caligula
is killed by Cassius Chcerea " (Genest).
Calino. The hero of H. B. Farnie's
'Nemesis' {q.v.).
CALIPH
242
CALMOUR
Calioh. (The). A comic opera in three
acts, libretto by Harry B. Smith (g.v.),
music by Ludwig Englander, first performed
at the Broadway Theatre, New York, on
September 3, 1896, by a company including
Jefferson de Angelis.
Calipli of Bag-dad (The). (1) An
opera in one act, music by Boieldieu (first
produced at Paris in 1800), performed in
New York in October, 1S29. (2) An extra-
vaganza by William Buough (q.v.), first
performed at the Strand Theatre, London,
on December 26. 1867, with Miss A. Swan-
borough in the title part, T. Thorne as
Malioud, D. James as Cadi, H. J. Turner as
Chibib, Miss Harland as Lady Camira, Miss
]S'ewton as Darina, Miss Elsie Holt as
Hassan.
Calirrhoe. A drama in verse by
3IICHAEL Field {q.v.), published in 1884,
Calista. The heroine of RoWE'S ' Fair
Penitent' {q.v.). " The character of Calista,"
says Hazlitt, "is quite in the bravura style
of'Massinger. She is a heroine, a virago,
fair, a woman of high spirit and violent
resolutions, anything but a penitent. She
■dies indeed at last, not from remorse for her
vices, but because she can no longer gratify
them."
Calisto; or, The Chaste Nymph.
A masque by John Crowne (r?. v.), printed
in 1675, "wTitten by command of King
James II. 's queen, and performed at court
by persons of gi-eat quality. The scene lies
in Arcadia ; the duration of it is an artificial
day, and the plot is founded on Ovid's
Metamorphoses, lib. ii. fab. 5, 6 " (' Biogra-
phia Dramatica '). " Jupiter, as in Ovid,
courts Calisto under the form of Diana.
The catastrophe is altered " (Genest).
Calisto and Melibea. A Spanish
tragi -comedy, in prose and twenty-one acts,
by "Fernando de Rojas ; first published,
it is believed, at Burgos. An English
adaptation, WTitten in verse, and described
as " A new comedy in English, in manner of
an interlude, right elegant and full of craft
of rhetoric, wherein is shewed and described
as well the beauty and good properties of
women, as their vices and evil conditions,"
was published in London about 1530. This
Avas followed by a translation in English
prose, made by James Mabbe {q.v.), and
published in 1631, under the title of ' The
Spanish Bawd [q.v.], represented in Celes-
tina, or the tragic comedy of Calisto and
Melibea.'
Call Again To-morrow. A farce,
performed in New York, January, 1833 ;
Lyceum Theatre, London, July, 1834.
Call-Boy (The). A weekly periodical,
started in April, 1S38. For a description of
the duties of the call-boy in a theatre, see
G. Vandenhoff's ' Dramatic Reminiscences '
(1860).
" Call for the robin redbreast
and the wren." First line of a dirge in
Webster's ' White Devil' {q.v.), of whicl
Charles Lamb Avrote : "I never saw any
thing like this dirge, except the ditty whicl
reminds Ferdinand of his drowned father i
'The Tempest.' As that is of the watei
watery ; so this is of the earth, earthy,"
Called Back. (1) A play in a prologn
and three acts, founded by Hugh Conwa
and J. COMYNS Carr on the former -v^Titer
story, 'Called Back,' and first performe
at the Prince's Theatre, London, on Ma
20, 1884, with Miss Lingard as Paulii
March, IMiss Tilbury as Mary Vaugha-,
Kyrle Bellew as Gilbert Vaughan, H. .
Lethcourt as Arthur Kenyon, F. Rodney j
Anthony March, G. W. Anson (and afte
wards J. Fernandez) as Dr. Ceneri, and I.
BeerbohmTreeasPrto^o Macari ; revived;
the Haymarket in November, 1890, with I
Beerbohm Tree in his original role, J. Fe
nandez as Ceneri, F. Terry as Gilbert, '.
Kerr as Arthur, W. Lawson as Anthony, >
Hudson as Petroff, INIiss Horlock as Mar
and Miss Julia Neilson as Pauline. Wh(
the play was produced at the Madison Squa
Theatre, New York, Miss Millward was tj
Pauline. (2) A play, founded on the sar
story, by J. C. Chute, and first perform'
at Eastbourne, August 25, 1884.— There ha
been other adaptations of the tale, notat
one by J. R. Grismer, performed in U.S.
A burlesque of 'Called Back,' entitled ' Call
There and Back,' and written by H. C. Mei^ ,
VALE, Avas produced at the Gaiety Theatii i
London, on October 15, 1SS4, with Miss
Farren as Gilbert, E. W. Royce as Maca
Miss Connie Gilchrist as Pauline, and
Elton, H. De Lange, T. Squire, P. Lynd,
Miss Phyllis Broughton, etc., in other rd(
Another burlesque, entitled 'Called Bf,
Again,' and written by Albert Chevalij
{q.v.), was first performed at the Thea.
Royal, Plymouth, on July 13, 1885, witl)
cast including W. Mackintosh, Miss Ma:
AVilliams, and Miss Minnie Rotchley. '
Called Back Ag-ain. See Cali-
Back. i
Called There and Back. See Cali*
Back.
Called to Account. A play produjl
in America, with Miss Sylvia Gerrisb? i
Beatrice.
Called to the Bar. A farce perfon^ ^
at the Portman Rooms, London, on May^, '
1892.
Called to the Front. A mili'y
drama by Sergeant Towner and Fr t
Beaumont, BritanniaTheatre, London, A 1
29, 1S85.
Callender, Romaine. Actor d
dramatic writer ; autlior of the follow g
plays:— 'The Two Paths in Life' (1.'').
' The Poor Law Board ' (1875), ' D. T.' (li).
' Number 51 ' (1880), and ' Light ' (1882). i i
Calmour, Alfred C. Dramatic w.Jr
and actor ; author of the following play -;
' Onlv a Dream ' (1878), ' Trust and T 1
(1880), 'A Woman's Heart' (1881),
CALPHURNIA
243
CALVERT
lot Justice ' (1882), ' Wives ' (1883), ' Broken
!onds' (1883), 'Cupid's Messenger' (1884),
Homespun' (1884), 'Love's Martyrdom'
886), ' Elsa Dene ' (1886), ' The Amber
eart ' (1887), ' The Widow Winsome ' (1888),
'yrene' (1890), 'A Gay Lothario' (189]),
jiabriel's Trust ' (1891), ' The Breadwinner '
892), ' The Broken String ' (1896), ' Frolic-
)me Fanny* (1897), 'The Queen of the
■Qses ' (1902), ' Dante ' (1904) ; author, also,
•■; ' Practical Play-Writing and the Cost of
.reduction ' (1891), and ' Fact and Fiction
oout Shakespeare ' (1894). A. C. Calmour
las in the original casts of Wills's ' Nell
Wynne' (Royalty Theatre, 1878), Wills's
:^rced from Home ' (Duke's Theatre, 1880),
■id of his own ' Trust and Trial ' (1880) and
iTabriel's Trust ' (1891). He also played in
'jingle' at the Lyceum in 1878, and in
[lescued' at the Adelphi in 1879, besides
pearing in the EnglLsh provinces in his
'n ' Woman's Heart,' etc.
Jalphurnia. Wife of Marcus Brutus
'Shakespeare's ' Julius Caesar ' {q.v.).
Calumny. A play by Malcolm Wat-
fv, adapted from the Spanish of Echega-
Shaftesbury Theatre, London, April 4,
with Miss Wallis, A. Elwood, W.
ran, and F. Terry in tlie cast.
^alvert, Charles. Actor and theatrical
linager, born in London, February 28,
];8 ; son of a silk merchant ; was educated
{■King's College School, and then articled
tja solicitor. His first inclination was
ivards the Church, but admiration of the
>(rk of Phelps and Macready led him to
tk stage. His debut as an actor was made
i]A.ugiist, 1852, at Weymouth, whence he
Vitinl853 to Southampton. About 1855
Itjoined the company of the Surrey The-
J^ to play "juvenile lead." In 1856 he
Ej-ried Adelaide Helen Biddies [see Cal-
ViT, Mrs. Charles], and with her under-
tllc several "starring" tours, appearing in
l|^ at the Queen's, Manchester. With the
li>named place he was destined to be long
a<)ciated. In 1859 he became leading
aor and stage manager of the Theatre
Eial, Manchester, where he produced
Cfh many other plays) ' Hamlet,' in which
htacted the Ghost, and 'The Fool's Re-
v^je,' in which he was the Fool. The
Plice's Theatre, Manchester, was built in
lit, and of this establishment Calvert
biime the first manager, opening it in
Oliber of that year with ' The Tempest,'
ii'hich he took the part of Prospero. This
^v followed in February, 1865, by ' IMuch
A About Nothing,' with Calvert as Bene-
d' ; in September, 1865, by ' A Midsum-
iD Night's Dream,' in which he did not
aijiar; in November, 1865, by Byron's
jo Foscari' (for the first time on any
stje) ; in September, 1866, by ' Antony and
Mpatra ;' in 1869, by 'The Winter's Tale,
JVj Calvert as Leontes ; in August, 1870,
bSRichard III.,' with Calvert in the title
V»; in 1871, by ' Timon of Athens;' in
18, by 'The Merchant of Venice,' with
^' ert as Slujlock ; in September, 1872, by
'Henry V.,' with Calvert in the title role ; .
in 1873, by 'Twelfth Night;' in 1874, by
'Henry IV., Pt. II.' Other revivals by Calvert
at the Prince's Avere of ' Julius Ciiesar,' ' Mac-
beth,' ' Lear,' and ' Manfred,' in the first of
which he played Brutus. His connection
with the Prince's eeased in 1875. He had
in 1871 visited New York, where he produced
• Richard III.' at Niblo's Theatre. To New
York he went again in 1875, to produce
' Henry V.' Later in that year (September)
he brought out at the Alexandra Theatre,
Liverpool, Byron's ' Sardanapalus,' enacting
the title part. In 1877, at the Theatre
Royal, Manchester, he revived 'Henry VIII.,'
with himself as Wolsey. From this time
his health, never robust, began to fail
seriously, and though, amidst all his suffer-
ing, he fulfilled numerous engagements in
the British provinces (where his Henry V.,
Sardanapalus, Lear, and Wolsey were very
popular, and where he was seen in 1879 as
the hero of ' ^sop ; or, The Golden Bubble '
and as Dr. Primrose in 'Olivia'), he suc-
cumbed in the last-named year, dying in
London on June 12. He was part-author,
with John Coleman (q.v. ), of a play called
'Rube the Showman' (1870). Four sons
of his have adopted the profession of the
stage — Louis (q.v.), William (q.v.), Leonard,
and Alexander. Tom Taylor wrote of Cal-
vert as " the most ardent and enterprising
of provincial managers, avIio for ten years
drew the vast population of Manchester
and its surrounding hives of monotonous,
unrelieved, and unlovely labour, to the
Prince's Theatre, to witness, for some three
months yearly, a masterpiece of Shakspere,
put on the stage with a completeness, care,
and taste then unequalled save by the
managements of Macready, Phelps, and
Charles Kean ; thus playing, as I cannot
but think, a part unparalleled by any other
influence about him, as an educator of
Jiopular taste and an inspirer of popular
magination." " Though nis physical ad-
vantages were few, his intelligence and
reading, together with a certain breadth
and strength of style, qualified him even
for heroic parts, sucli as Brutus and
Henry V. His elocution was excellent,
and his declamation at times masterly"
(A. W. Ward, in 'The Dictionary of National
Biography ').
Calvert,Mrs. Charles [Adelaide Helen
Biddies, or Bedells]. Actress, born 1837 ;
daughter of James Bedells (q.v.) ; at six years
of age played one of the children in ' The
Stranger' with Charles and Mrs. Kean ; was
taken, while a child, to America, whence
she returned, to become, in 1853, "walking
lady" at the Theatre Royal, Southampton.
Here she met Charles Calvert, whom (after
acting for a time in the States) she married
in 1856. In 1856-7 she played "leading
business" at the Surrey, figuring in the
original casts of 'A Bird in the Hand'
(q.v.), etc. At the Prince's Theatre, INIan-
chester, under her husband's management
(1864-1875), she appeared as Miranda, Cleo-
patra, Hermione, Elizabeth of York, Lady
CALVERT
CAMARALZAMAX
Macbeth, and the Chorus in ' Henry V.'
(a part which she has played in England
and America about three hundred times).
In his subsequent revival of ' Henry VIII.*
she plaved on tour in England Katherine of
Arraqo'n. After his death in 1S79 she was
engaged at Sadler's Wells by Mrs. Bateman,
plaj-ing Helen Macgrefior in 'Rob Roy'
{q.v.)a.n(\. Emilia in 'Othello.' Then came
a fortv-vveeks' tour in America with Edwin
Booth. Mrs. Calvert has also toured in the
States with Mrs. Langtry and Miss Mary
Anderson, whom she supported at the
Lvceum in 1SS4 as Lady Capv.let. Since
tlien, Mrs. Calvert has played in London the
following original parts -.—Mother Renaud
in ' The Love that Kills ' (18S8), Caroline
Sudds in 'The Director' 0S91), Catherine
Petkon in 'Arms and the Man' ("IS94), Mrs.
Jauncey in 'The White Elephant' (1896),
Mrs. Lambert in 'Saucy Sally' (1S97), Mrs.
Bendyshe in ' One Summer's Day ' (1S97), and
Mrs. Vokins in 'Lord and Lady Algy '
(1S9S). In 1890 she was Madame Fourcanade
in ' Esther Sandraz' (q.v.) at the St. James's,
and the Xurse in ' Romeo and Juliet ' at the
Comedy. She is the author of two plays—
'Trotty Veck'(1872) and 'Can he Forgive
her?'(lS91).
Calvert, Louis. Actor, born Novem-
ber, 1S59 ; son of Charles Calvert (q.v.) ;
made his professional d(ibut in 1878 at the
Theatre Royal, Durban, Natal, whence he
went in 1S79 to the Princess's, Melbourne.
Returning to England in ISSO, he toured
successively with John Dewhurst, George
Rignold, Miss Wallis, Osmond Tearle, and
others, playing also a "stock" season with
Miss Sarah Thome. In August, 185.6, he
appeared at Drury Lane as Laivyer Par-
sons in 'A Run of Luck' (q.v.). In the
following year he was engaged at the
Lyceum. D'uring a tour with Miss Fortescue
he played Sir Phyllon in 'The Wicked
World' at the Grand, Islington, in 18S9. In
1S90 he formed a company of his own, and
since that date has produced in the Eng-
lish provinces (playing the leading part
in each) 'Hamlet,' 'Othello,' 'Macbeth,'
♦Richard II.,' 'Henry IV.' (pts. 1 and 2),
'Richard III.,' 'As You Like It,' 'Two
Gentlemen of Verona,' 'Love's Labour's
Lost,' ' Taming of the Shrew,' ' Antony and
Cleopatra,' ' The Merchant of Venice,"
Goethe's ' Clavigo,' BroAvning's ' Blot in the
Scutcheon,' and Ibsen's ' Rosmersholm ' and
' Enemy of the People.' His recent ap-
pearances in London as an actor include
Tresham in 'A Blot in the Scutcheon'
(Op^ra Comique, June, 1893), Antony and
Macbeth (Olympic Theatre, May and June,
1S97), Casca in ' Julius C?esar ' (Her Majesty's
Theatre, 1898), J ago and Colonel Damas
(Grand Theatre, Fulham, 1S9S), Porthos in
Grundv's 'Musketeers' (HerMajesty's, 1898),
and B'illaud-Varennes in Sardou's 'Robes-
pierre ' (Lyceum, 1899).
Calvert, "William. Actor ; son of
Charles Calvert (gv.) ; made his professional
dibut in 1877 : played small parts at the
Lyceum in ISSO ; between ISSl and 1885
toTired with Edward Compton (^.r.) ; fro
1885 to 1890 was associated mainly vrv
Edward Terry (q.v.), and in 1891 appeared j
London with Miss Fortescue as Mereutf!
and as Trueworth in 'The Love Chas
Among his original parts have been M
Bearder in 'The Churchwarden ' (1SS6), £'i
Joseph Pendleton in ' Culprits ' (1890), ai
Sir Richard Ingleby in ' Uncle Mike' (189J
Since the last-named date he has " starreij
in the English provinces with his ov
company. He is the author of an adapt
play called ' Blanche Farreau ' (1890).
Calypso. The heroine of several d;
matic pieces, notably — (1) ' Cah'pso a
Telemachus : ' an opera, words 'by Jo
Hughes and music by Galliard, perform
"at the Queen's Theatre in the Haymarke
and printed in 1712. (2)' Calypso : ' a masc
in three acts, words by Richard Cumbi
LAND, music by Butler, first performedj
Covent Garden on March 20, 1779. 1
' Calypso : ' a comic opera by Robert Ho-
TON,' acted at Smock Alley," Dublin, in 17
(4) ' Calypso and Telemachus : ' a burlesc
by Sheridan Brookes, Sadler's W(
Theatre, April, 1865. (5) 'Calypso; or, Qi
Art of Love : ' an extravaganza in one act,i--
Alfred Thojitson (q.v.), first performer
the Court Theatre, London, on May 6, IJ,
with Miss Sylvia Hodson as Calypso, Si
Nellie Moon as Telemachus, Miss De Gre:»
Eucharis, Miss Rose Egan as Lalage, J t
Kate Phillips as Cupid, and W. J. Hil i
Mentor.— Calyp.so also figures in PLANii
and Dance's ' Telemachus' (q.v.).
Calypso and Telemaclius. J
Calypso.
Camaralzaman, Prince, is the pi
cipal character in several burlesques :•
' Camaralzaman and Badoura ; or. The j/il
who loved the Prince:' an " extra va^ if
Arabian Nights Entertainment" in .tn
acts, by the Brothers Brough, first
formed at the Haymarket Theatre, Lon<i„
on December 26, 1848, ^vith Miss P. Ho a
as Camaralzaman, INIiss Reynolds as i'
doura, J. Blandas£u?i5'(Emp'eror of Ch),
Caulfield as Jin Sling (Crown Princ(.)f
Japan), Mrs. Caulfield as Dimpl Tshin, ,s.
Keeley as Maimoun6 (the Peri), Mrs. J5.
Buckingham as Filma,_ Keeley as Dam'J*
(or Djinn) ; performed in New York in :9.
(2) 'Prince Camaralzaman' (q.v.), bjL
Bellingham and W. Best (1865). 3)
' Camaralzaman, and the Fair Badoura r,
The Bad Djinn and the Good Spirit :in
extravaganza by H. J. ByRON, first ■
formed at the Vaudeville Theatre, Lor
on November 22, 1S71, with T. Thon
Camaralzaman, D. James as the^ad
Miss Nelly Power as Badoura. (4) ' C
ralzaman : ' a burlesque fairy drama, *
prologue and three acts, by F. C. BuR '«i>
(q.v.), first performed at the Gaiety Th( re,
London, on January 31, 1884, with Mi r-
Farrenin the title part, Miss C Gilchi'as
Badoura, Miss P. Broughton as Maxmn^,
Miss E. Broughton as Toko, E. Terry £;lie
Djinn, T. Squire as Wun Lung, and W
as the Shah.
I
..or n,
onasjf .
OD
CAMBERWELL BROTHERS
245
CAMERON
Camberwell Brothers (The). A bur-
5que of 'The Corsican Brothers,' by
•lARLES Selby (q.v.), first performed at the
■ympic Theatre, London, on April 20, 1S52.
Cambridgre [England]. This town is
table as one of those in which the re-
;ious drama was especially popular in the
ieenth and sixteenth centuries. In the
jjond half of the latter period, the per-
frmance of plays became frequent at the
liiversity, and Thomas Heywood records
'it, during the years of his residence, he
w " tragedies, comedies, histories, pas-
rals, and shows publicly acted, in which
<3 graduates of good place and reputation "
':re "specially parted" ('Apology for
/.tors')- We read that the academic
^thorities tolerated the drama when it
|,s in the Latin tongue, but were not so
ill disposed towards it when it was in
jiglish. They also did all that they could to
■islude professional players from the town
t'ard, ' English Dramatic Literature ').
j3ay gives the following list of plays per-
imed in English at Cambridge colleges
J-jWeen 1564 and 1641 : at King's, ' Eze-
•i'as' (1564) ; at Christ's, ' Gammer Gurton's
iedle' (1566); at St. John's, 'The De-
duction of Jerusalem ' (1577) ; at Queen's,
■jincred' (circa 1587) ; at Clare Hall, ' Club
fiw'(1598); at St. John's, 'The Pilgrimage
^Parnassus ' (1598), ' The Return from Par-
X5SUS, Part I.' (1601), and ' The Return
^m Parnassus, Part II.' (1602) ; at Trinity,
^,ingua ' (1603). ' Sciros ' (1613), ' Albu-
izar' (1615), 'The Pedlar,' ' Aristippus,'
'jhe Jealous Lovers,' and ' Hey for
J nesty ' (1630-1633), ' The Guardian ' (1641),
f'i other pieces at colleges unknown
<jiiographical Chronicle of the English
?ima'). See, elsewhere in this volume,
Jioe account of the above-named plays, and
fjo of Latin dramas performed during
t^s period, such as 'Ignoramus,' acted at
■■.nity before King James I. in 1615. For
£(ist of dramatic works performed sub-
?i.uently at Cambridge colleges, see C.
'Iirdsworth's ' Social Life in the Uni-
pities in the Eighteenth Century ' (1874).
% Cambridge Garrick Club was founded
111835. The Amateur Dramatic Club was
sjrted in 1855 by F. C. Burnand, who has
rited his •' personal reminiscences of the
4D. C." in a volume published in 1880.
Jjrein the history of the club is brought
am to 1864. The story is continued in
Cj of the sections, written by W. G. Elliot,
o Amateur Clubs and Actors ' (1898 j. The
«|5ting Theatre at Cambridge was opened
I'January, 1896, with a performance of
imlef by H. Beerbohm Tree and the
i .'market company.
. , amhro-Britons (The). (1) A musical
iwude, first performed at Covent Garden
«l>Iay 31, 1797. (2) 'Cambro-Britons :' a
dlaia m three acts, by James Boaden (q.v.),
ffli performed, with music by S. Arnold, at
t-' Haymarket on July 21, 1798.
ambyses, King of Persia. (1) A
S> ' by Thomas Preston, licensed for acting
in 1569, and described on the title page as
"a lamentable tragedy mixed full of pleasant
mirth." Shakespeare refers to this work
when he makes one of the personce in '1
Henry IV.,' act ii. sc. 4, say, " I must speak
in passion, and I will do it in King Cambyses'
vein." On this, A. W. Ward remarks :
"Though 'Cambyses' vein' has become
proverbial for rant, the language of the play
is in no instance specially obnoxious to this
charge." The play, he adds, is " generally
well-written— chiefly in the so-called ' com-
mon metre.' " See Hawkins' ' Origin of the
English Drama ' and Dodsley's ' Old Plays '
(ed. Hazlitt). (2) ' Cambyses : ' a tragedy
in rhymed verse, by Elkanah Settle (q.v.),
performed at Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1667,
with Betterton in the title part, Harris as
Prezaspes, Young as Smerdis, and Mrs. Bet-
terton as Mandana. The plot is founded
on Herodotus. — Cambyses figures in W.
Brough's 'Pygmalion' (q.v.).
Camera Obscura. A farce by George
Walter Browne, performed at Sanger's
Amphitheatre, London, on October 24, 1879.
Cameron, Beatrice. Actress, born at
Troy, N.Y. ; made her debut as an amateur
in 1884 in 'The Midnight Marriage.' l^ngaged
by the management of the Madison Square
Theatre, New York, she figured there in
' Called Back' and ' Young Mrs. Winthrop.'
Then came some experience on tour, and an
engagement with Richard Mansfield (q.v.),
in the course of which she appeared in
London in 1888, as Agnes in 'Dr. Jekyll
and Mr. Hyde,' Lesbia in R. Davey's comedy
so named, and Florence in ' Prince Karl,'
and in 1889 as Lady Anne in ' Richard III.'
Cameron, Violet. Actress and voca-
list, born 1862 ; made her first appearance
on the stage at the Princess's Theatre, Lon-
don, in 1870, as Karl in ' Faust and ^largue-
rite.' This was followed by various engage-
ments in London for pantomime and bur-
lesque. In 1S76 she was the original Joconde
in 'Piff-Paff' (q.v.) at the Criterion, and
Perdita in a revival of ' The Winter's Tale '
(q.v.) at the Alexandra, Liverpool. Her
career as an adult actress may be said to
have begun at the Folly, London, in Feb-
ruary, 1878, when she figured as the first
English representative of Germaine in ' Les
Cloches de Corneville' (q.v.). In October,
1878, she went to the Strand Theatre to
play in the revival of ' Nemesis ' (q.v.). After
that she undertook in London the following
original roles : Suzanne in ' ]Madame Favart'
(Strand, 1879), Queen Inez in ' The Naval
Cadets ' (Globe, 1S80), Bathilde in ' Olivette'
(Strand, ISSO), Bettina in 'The Mascotte'
(Comedy, 1881), Boccaccio in Von Supp^'s
opera (Comedv, 1882), Gretchen in ' Rip Van
Winkle' (Comedy, 1882), Falka in Chas-
saigne's opera (Comedy, 1883), Nelly Night-
ingale in ' Bad Boys ' (Comedy, 1885), Dick
in ' Dick Turpin the Second ' (Gaiety, 1887),
Prince Giglio in ' The Rose and the Ring '
(Prince o'f Wales's, 1890), Allan-a-Dale in
'Maid Marian' (Prince of Wales's, 1891),
Ethel Sportington in 'Morocco Bound'
I
CAMILLA
246
CAMPBELL
(Shaftesbury, 1893), and the. Vof/^pr Si^P<^l\l^
n -The School-Girl' (1904).. ^.l)e ^f^^^
appeared in London as Dolly m ' The Sul an
of Mocha' (Strand. 1887), Faust ^ Faust
Up to Date' (Gaiety, 1S8S-9) and Captain
Tht^rtse (Prince of Wales's, 1S90).
Pamilla. An opera, the libretto trans-
lated^om the Italian by Owen McSwiney
^ith which Yanbrugh and Congreve opened
the Haymarket Theatre m 1-06.
Camilla, d) A character in Tuke^s
' Adventures of Five Hours (q.v.). (<5)
dISS of Boadicea in Hopkins's /Boa-
dSea '(./.«.). (3) The guardian of I irgoim
in MONCRIEFFS 'Appms if^-]-^'^lX'
character in Miss Mitford's ' Foscan
(qv). (5) "The Gitanilla" in J. C. ^ML-
SON'S drama so named (q.v.).
Gamma's Husband. A di'ama .in
three acts, by Watts Phillips {q.v.), tiist
pSrmed'at'the01>.npic Theatre London^
on November 10, 1862, with Miss I^; ^.^,^^^5
as Lady Camilla Uadstone, H. NeviUe as
Mairichvarner (her husband), G. Mncent
as Sir Philip Hailstone, F. Robson as Dog-
briar, H. Wigan as Maybush (innkeeper ,
W. Gordon as Hyacinth Jonquil, Mrs. Leigh
Murray as Miss Placida Poyntz, Mrs.
Stephens as Red Judy, Miss F. Haydon as
Slofberry (her daughter), etc. ; revived at
Astley's Theatre iS July, 1884, under the
title of ' Pride ; or, The Artist s ^\ if e.
CamiUe. The title given to versions of
DUMVS tils' ' La Dame aux Camehas (q.i.),
performed both in England and in America.
?n these versions the title part has been
slaved in the States, by Matilda Heion
fq.v.), who used a translation made by James
SoiJtimer (?•-) (>^^J^v^^ViS"
Sr^i.U87l)^fdme:ModjeskaaS78)
Mdlle. Etelka Borry (1883) Miss lanny
Davenport, Mdlle. Eugenie Legrand (r^.i.) ,
Sic , In England, by Miss Lo^^^|.^I««^ ^|
fRoval A-lfred Theatre, London, 18<0), Miss
Alfce Llngard (Imperial Theatre, 1883), and
others See Heartsease. (2) ' Camille ;
or; An Autumnal Dream :' a drama m three
acts, adapted by W. G. Wills (I-^ ■) .^^'^^^
the French, and first performed at the
Theatre Royal, Cambridge August 20. Ibn.
This piece has to do with the attempts of an
unsciJupulous priest to secure tlieheromes
fortune for the benefit of the Church. Miss
Violet Dacre played the heroine, and H.
Ferrand was the priest.
Camillo. A Sicilian lord, in 'The
Winter's Tale '(q. v.).
Camillus. A tragedy by Jonas B.
PHILLIPS, first performed at the Bowery
Theatre, New York, in January, 1834, with
Ingersoll in the title part.
Camiola. The "Maid of Honour" in
Massingeh's play so named (q.v.).
Gamma. Wife of Sinnatus in Tenny-
son's ' Cup' (^.r.).
no-m-n CTh.e') A "dramatic entertain-
men^^clr.X acted at Drury Lane on Octo-
i
t
ber 15, 1778. " AH the shifts, impositior
distresses, intrigues, manoeuvres, _ etj
peculiar to a camp, are described in tl;
dialogue, or exhibited in the dumbshow
this performance."
Gamp at Chobliam (The). A far
by Mark Lemon (^.r.), first performed
the Adelphi Theatre, London, on June ;
1853 with a cast including Miss Ma^
Keeiey, Leigh Murray, R. Keeley, etc.
Gamp at the Olympic (The). .
"introductory extravaganza and drama
review," written by J. R. Planche in ce,
bration of the opening of the Olymi;
Theatre under the management of Alfr,
Wigan, and first performed at that theai
on October 17, 1853, with a cast mcludi;
Wigan, F. Robson, Emery, Mrs. AMr;
Wigan, Mrs. G. Reed (Miss Horton) M,
Chatterley, Mrs. Stirling, Miss ^^ yndhat
etc. ! —
Campaign (The) ; . or, Love in t;
East Indies. A comic opera by Robe
Jephson, acted at Covent Garden m l<So
Campaigners (The) ; or, Pleasa
Adventirres at Brussels. A comt
by T Durfey, performed at Drury Lane
1698, with a cast including Mills, Penke
man. Gibber, Bullock, INIrs. Knight, JJ
Powell, Mrs. Yerbruggen, etc. , Part ot '
plot is taken from a novel called hem
Falsehood.' The prologue was aimed.
Collier (q.v.), whom Durfey also attaclj.
in a preface to the printed text (1698). ;
CampaiMrning. A farcical comedyi mr
three acts, performed at the Criterion I. *!
atre, London, on the afternoon of Mayi, ^-i
1879 with a cast including Mrs. Berni
Beere, W. S. Penley, and H. Beerbo4
Tree.
Campaspe, in Lyly'S ' Alexander 1
Campaspe' {q.v.), is in love with Apt.i
(q.v.). .
Campbell, Bartley. American <•
matic writer ; author of the following pL ,
produced in England in the years namer-
'The Yirgiiiian ' (1876) ' Fate' (lSw6) ^ 3
Galley Slave ' (ISSO), 'Paquita (18»f). .f
White Slave' (1884), 'My Partner (l.N
' Clio ' (1885), ' Siberia ' (1888);, author, t •.
of 'A Debt of Honour,' 'Fairfax, ±r J
and Foe,' ' Hearts,' ' A Heroine in Ri ,
' How Women Love,' 3Iatrimony, .v
Geraldina,' 'Peril,' 'Risks,' 'Separat,,
^ Campbell, Herbert. YocaUst ij
actor ; made his theatrical entree in i
at the old Theatre Royal, Liverpool, in .e
pantomime of ' King Autumn. He a •
wards fulfilled several similar engagem >
at the Grecian Theatre, London, appe^ ^
at Covent Garden in 1873 in Jack andje
Beanstalk.' He was in ' Smdbad at L •>
Lane in 1SS2-3. and since If -^^.l^as h *
part in every Christmas production at ii
theatre.
Campbell, Lady Golin. See d
AND Blossom.
CAMPBELL
247
CANDIDATE
Campbell, Mrs. Patrick. Actress;
after some experience as an amateur, made
her professional debut at the Alexandra
'Theatre, Liverpool, in November, 1888, in
iVezin and Buchanan's 'Bachelors' iq.v.).
[With this, she toured for a time ; then came
[provincial engagements with Mrs. Band-
;uiann Palmer and Ben Greet. With the
iformer Mrs. Campbell played Rachel Denison
in ' Tares ' {q.v.) ; with the latter she under-
took leading parts in Shakespeare, and in
Louis N. Parker's 'Love in a Mist' (q.v.)
and 'A Buried Talent' {q.v.). Her first ap-
pearance in London was made at the Adelphi
[Theatre on the afternoon of March 13, 1890,
tas Helen in ' The Hunchback ' {q.v.). At the
'Vaudeville Theatre in June, 1890, she played
Stella in ' A Buried Talent.' After this came
single representations of Lady Teazle (Adel-
phi, February 19, 1891) and jRosaZuicZ(Shaftes-
Dury, June 18, 1891). At the Adelphi subse-
jquently, she was the original Astrcea in
I' The Trumpet Call ' (1891), Elizabeth Crom-
hvell in 'The English Rose' (1892). Tress
Purvess in ' The Lights of Home ' (1892), and
Clarice Berton in ' The Black Domino ' (1893).
A.t the St. James's Theatre she was the first
representative of Paula in ' The Second
[Mrs. Tanqueray ' (1893), and of Dulcie Laron-
\iie in ' The INIasqueraders ' (1894). She was
\Kate Cloud in the original production of
r John k Dreams ' at the Haymarket (1894),
g,nd the heroine of 'The Notorious Mrs.
REbbsmith' at the Garrick (1895). In the
llast-named year she played Fedora at the
Haymarket and Juliet at the Lyceum. To
896 belong her Militza in ' For "the Crown,'
d her Magda in L. N. Parker's translation
both at the Lyceum, where she also
ppeared as Lady Teazle. Later in the
ear came (at the Avenue) her Jiat-Wife in
j' Little Eyolf ' {q.v.), in which she afterwards
pllowed IMiss Achurch as liita. In 1897 she
was seen at the Avenue as Lady Hamilton
[n ' Nelson's Enchantress ' {q.v.), and at the
|Lyceum as Ophelia. In 1898 she figured at
she Prince of Wales's as Melisande in
' Pelleas and Melisande,' and at the Lyceum
as Lady Macbeth. Since then she has played
the leading female role in • Carlyon Sahib,'
'The Moonlight Blossom,' 'The Sacrament
'of Judas,' and ' The Canary ' (1899), ' Mrs.
Jordan,' ' The Fantasticks,' and ' Mr. and
-Mrs. Daventry' (1900), 'Beyond Human
Power' (1901), 'The Joy of Living' (1903),
^nd ' Warp and Woof ' (1904).
Campbell, Thomas. Poet and miscel-
aneous writer, born 1777, died 1844 ; brought
lut in 1838 an edition of the works of
■Shakespeare, to wliich he prefixed ' Remarks
jn the Life and AVritings ' of the poet. He
«as also the author of a 'Life of Mrs.
Siddons ' (1834).
Campeius, Cardinal, in ' Henry VIII.'
Sl-v.).
Camping- Out. A play in four acts, by
Broxson Howard ; Elephant and Castle
Theatre, London, December 13, 1S86.
Campion, Miss [Mrs. Pope]. Actress,
born 1777, died 1803 ; was for some years
the leading female performer on the Dublin
stage. She became the second wife of
Alexander Pope, the actor {q.v.).
Campion, Thomas, M.D. Poet,
dramatist, and musician, died 1619 ; is
mentioned as a verse-writer in the prologue
to Peele's ' Honour of the Garter ' (1593)
and Meres' ' Palladis Tamia ' (1598) ; was
the author of several masques— of one pre-
sented before the king at Whitehall on
Twelfth Night, 1607; of 'The Masque of
Flowers,' interpreted by the gentlemen of
Gray's Inn on Twelfth Night, 1613 ; of an-
other (' The Lords' Masque'), performed at
the wedding of the Princess Elisabeth in
February, 1613 ; of a fourth, submitted to
the queen at Caversham House, Reading,
in April, 1613 ; and of a fifth, enacted at
the marriage of the Earl of Somerset in
December, 1613. "From a dramatic point
of view, none of them possesses much im-
portance, chiefly because Campion's inven-
tive powers are by no means conspicuous "
(A. W. Ward). See Nichols' 'Progresses
of James I.' (1828) and A. H. BuUen's
♦ Works of Campion ' (1889).
Can he Forgive her? A play in a
prologue and four acts, by Mrs. Charles
Calvert, produced at the Comedy Theatre,
Manchester, on September IS, 1891.
"Can you paint a thoug-ht ? or
number." First line of a song in Ford's
'Broken Heart' {q.v.).
Cancan, The Chevalier de. :Master
of the revels in Tom Taylor's 'Prince
Dorus ' {q.v.).
Candace. See Altemira.
Candid, Prince, figures in Bur.nand's
'Snowdrop' {q.v.).
Candida. A play in three acts, by G.
Bernard Shaw {q.v.), first performed at
the Tiieatre Royal, South Shields, on March
30, 1895, with 'George Young as the Rev.
Jamps Morell, A. E. Drinkwater as Eugene
Marjoribanks, Miss Ethel \exr\Qa,fi Proserpine
Garnett, and Miss Lilian Revell as Candida ;
performed in the British provinces in 1897,
with Miss Janet Achurch as the heroine,
Charles Charrington as Morell, Courtenay
Thorpe as Marjoribanks, and Miss Edith
Craig as Proserpine ; produced at the Strand
Theatre, London, July 1, 1900, by the Stage
Society ; produced in New York in 1903,
with Arnold Daly as Eugene ; revived at
the Court Theatre in April, 1904, with Miss
K. Rorke as Candida, N. McKinnell as
Morell, Granville Barker as Eugene, A. G.
Poulton as Burgess, and Miss S. Fairbrother
as Proserpine.
Candidate (The). (1) A farce by John
Dent, first performed at the Haymarket
Theatre in August, 1782. (2) A comedy
in three acts, adapted by J. Huntly
M'Cakthy {q.v.) from 'Le Depute de
Bombignac' of Alexandre Bisson (Theatre
Fran^ais, Paris, :\Iay 30, 1884), and first
performed at the Criterion Theatre, London,
i
CANDIDO
24S
CANTER
on November 22, 1884, with a cast including
Charles Wyndham(as Lord Oldacre), George
Giddens (as Alaric Baffin), W. Blakeley,
Alfred Maltby, W. Gregory, Miss Fanny
Coleman, Miss Kate Eorke, and Miss Rose
Saker ; revived at the Criterion on May 30,
1894, with C. Wvndham, G. Giddens, W.
Blakelev, and Miss Coleman in their ori-
ginal roles, and other parts by C. W.
Somerset, F. Worthing, Miss M. Clements,
Miss Pattie Browne, and Miss Mary Moore.
Candido, in ' The Honest Whore,' is,
says Hazlitt, " a character of inconceivable
quaintness and simplicity. His patience
and good humour cannot be disturbed by
anvthing. The idea (for it is nothing but
an" idea) is a droll one, and is well sup-
ported. He is not only resigned to injuries,
but 'turns them,' as Falstaff says of diseases,
' into commodities.' "
Candiope. " Princess of the blood " in
Dryden's ' Secret Love ' (g.r.).
Candlemas Day; or, The Killing-
of tlie Children of Israel. A mystery-
play, written in 1512, and printed in Haw-
kins's ' Origin of the EngUsh Drama ' (1773).
" In this rude play," ?ays Hawkins, "the
Hebrew soldiers 'swear by Mahound or
Mahomet, who was not born till six hundred
years after: Herod's messenger is named
Watkin, and the knights are directed to
walk about the stage," while Mary and the
infant are conveyed into Egypt." See
' Biographia Dramatica ' (1812).
Candour, Mrs. A scandal-monger in
' The School for Scandal' iq.v.).
Candytuft, Mr. and Mrs., in Shirley
Brooks's ' Card-Basket' iq.v.).
Cane, Andrew. An actor at the For-
tune Theatre [see London Theatres], and
an interlocutor in ' The Stage-Players' Com-
plaint, a pleasant dialogue between Cane
of the Fortune and Reed of the Friers, de-
ploring their sad and solitary conditions
for want of iraployment in this heavie and
contagious time of the Plague in London '
(1641) ; reprinted in 1873 in Uindley's ' Old
Book-Collector's Miscellany.'
Cane, Harry. Actor, born 1849 ; made
his professional dihut in 1872 at Newport,
Monmouthshire. He was the first repre-
sentative of Batty Todd in 'The Middle-
man ' (1SS9) and of James Peters in ' Dick
"Venables ' (1890). Among the most notable
of the other parts played by him in town or
country are Ezra Lazareck in ' New Baby-
lon,' Peter Cranlcy in ' It's Never too Late
to Mend,' Mes Bottes in ' Drink,' Chrysos in
* Pvcmalion and Galatea,' and King Phanor
in ■' The Palace of Truth.'
Canidius. A character in Sedley's
'Antony and Cleopatra ' (q.v.).
Cannibals (The) ; or, The Massacre
Islands. A play founded by Woodworth
on a work by Captain Morrell. and performed
at the Bowery Theatre, New York, in
January, 1833.
Canning-, Mrs. [Mary Annie Costello].
Actress ; married in 1768 George Canning,
the father of the famous statesman. On
his death in 1771, she turned her thoughts
to the stage, and (it is said), through the
influence of Queen Charlotte, obtained from
Garrick an engagement at Drury Lane,
where she appeared on November 6, 1773,
as Jane Shore in the play by N. Rowe— a
part she played six times. Bernard (q.v.),
who witnessed the performance, says, "She
put forth claims to the approbation of the
critical " (' Retrospections '). Her subse-
quent career as a player was " almost en-
tirely, if not entirely," confined to the
provinces. She is said to have married
Samuel Reddish, the actor (q.v.); she cer-
tainly wedded, after Reddish's death, a
Plymouth silk-mercer named Hunn, who,
" failing in business, essayed the boards at
Exeter, and was damned." He died soon
after, and, with the financial assistance of'
her son, Mrs. Canning was " enabled to'
withdraw from the stage in 1801." She'
died in 1827. See R. Bell's ' Life of George
Canning ' (1846) and F. H. Hill's ' George.
Canning' (1887).
Canninge, George. Actor, born 1846 :
made his professional dt^Mit at the Hay-
market in 1865 as the Second Actor in
' Hamlet.' After much experience in town
and country, he was in the original casts ol
' Quicksands ' (1880), ' His Wife ' (ISSl), ' The
Golden Band ' (1SS7), ' The Blue Bells ol-
Scotland' (1887), 'Fascination' (1887), etc.
He was Duke Frederick in ' As You Like It
at the St. James's, London, in 1890, and was
in the London cast of ' A Lady of Quality'
(1899). At one time he and his wife were
prominent members of the provincial ' Caste
and ' Our Boys ' companies. He is co-author
with A. Chevalier (q.v.), of ' Shylock and Co.
(q.v.) (1891).— Mrs. G. Canninge made hei
first appearance on the stage at Bristol aboul
1868. She was in the first cast of ' A Brida
Tour' (18S0), 'The Halfway House' (18S1).
'Under Fire' (1885), 'Open House' (1885)
'Sister Mary' (1886), 'In Danger' (1887)
'The Spy' (1888), 'Dick Venables ' (1890)
' Diamond Deane ' (1891), ' A Bohemian
(1892), ' The Importance of being Earnest !
(1895), etc.
Cant. A character in Coffey's ' Beggar'.''
AVedding ' (q.v.). '.
Cantahs (The). A farce first per-
formed at Co vent Garden on Mav 21, 1787
(2) ' The Cantab :' a farce by T. W. Robert-
son (q.v.), first performed at the Stran(
Theatre, London, on February 14, 1861, witl
W. H. Swanborough as Charles Cheddar (tin
Cantab), J. Bland as Brutus Boodle, E. Dan
vers as Sergeant Berlinns, Miss K. Carson a
Mrs. Boodle, and Miss Lavine as Hannah.
Cantato. Usurper of the throne o
wit, in * Bayes' Opera' (q.v.). See Bassoon'
Crowdero, and Dulceda.
Canter, Captain, in Bayle Bernard'
'Mummy ' (q.v.).
CANTERBURY GUESTS
249
CAPRICE
Canterbury Guests (The). A comedy
by E. Ravenscroft, produced at the The-
atre Royal in 1694.
Canterbury Pilgrims (The). An
opera in three acts, music by Villiers Stan-
tord, libretto by Gilbert a Beckett (q.v.),
'3rst performed at Drury Lane Theatre, Lon-
ion, on April 28, 1S84, with ]\Iiss Clara
Perry as Cicely, Miss Marian Burton as
Dame Margery, W. Ludwig as Sir Chris-
cpher, Ben Davies as Ilubert, G. H. Snazelle
IS Geoffrey, and Barrington Foote as Hal o'
he Cheiye.
Canton. The Swiss valet of Lord
Iglehy in COLMAN and Gakrick's ' Clandes-
■ine Marriage' {q.v.).
Cantwell, Dr., the "Hypocrite" in
iiCKERSTAFF's play SO named, is, says
lazlitt, " a sturdy beggar, and nothing
acre : he is not an impostor, but a bully.
?here is not in anything that he says or
Ices, in his looks, words, or actions, the
3ast reason tliat Sir John Lambert should
dmit him into his house and friendship."
Canute the Great. A play in verse
y Michael Field (q.v.), printed in 18S7.
Canvas, Charles. A character in
Ioore's '3I.P.' (q.v.).
\ Cap (The). A satiric poem, by " Peter
I'lNDAR, Esq.," published in 1795. "This
ttack on most of the dramatists of the
ime caused," says R. W. Lowe, "a con-
^derable sensation. It seems certain that
;tie genuine Peter Pindar— Wolcot— was not
Ifie writer. The ' Cap ' is the Cap of Folly,
!hich Boaden gains " (' English Theatrical
iterature ').
Cape. The publisher in Foote's ' Author '
J.V.).
Cape Mail (The). A play, founded by
lement Scott (q.v.) on an incident in
Jeanne qui pleure and Jeanne qui rit,' and
fst performed at the Prince of "Wales's
heatre, Liverpool, on September 23, 1881 ;
rst played in London at the St. James's
heatre, on October 27, 1881, with Mrs.
endal (Mrs. Frank Presto7i), Mrs. Gaston
:urray (Mrs. Preston), INIiss Millward (Mary
reston), Brandon Thomas, and W. INIackin-
■sh in the cast ; performed at Wallack's
tieatre, New York, in 1883, with Miss Rose
Dghlan in l\Irs. Kendal's part ; revived at
>e Court Theatre, London, in May, 1894,
id at the Vaudeville Theatre in October,
97. See Sunshi.ne thro' the Clouds.
Capell, Edward, born 1713, died 1781.
as, ill 1737, appointed deputy-inspector of
ays. In 1758 he joined Garrick in issuing
I abridged edition of Shakespeare's ' An-
ny and Cleopatra,' and in 1760 printed a
lume of ' Prolusions,' Avhich included the
xt of _' Edward III.' (q.v.). To 1768 be-
ngs his edition of Shakespeare's plays
ith an introduction, chiefly bibliogra-
iical), described by the editors of the
Cambridge Shakespeare' as "by far the
ost valuable contribution to Shake-
spearean criticism that had yet appeared."
In 1783 came his 'Notes and* Various Read-
ings to Shakespeare,' of which A. H. Bullen
writes: "As a textual critic Capell was
singularly acute, and his commentary is
a valuable contribution to scholarship "
('Dictionary of National Biography').
Caper. (1) A dancing master in G.
Abbott 1 Beckett's ' Unfortunate IMiss
Bailey' (q.v). (2) A character in Alling-
HAM's ' Who Wins ? or, The Widow's Choice.'
Capers. (1) A musical farce in three
acts, written and composed by Richard
Stahl, with lyrics by Walter Parke, and
first performed at the Standard Theatre,
London, on November 23, 1SS5. (2) A
farcical comedy by Fanny Marriott and
Kenward :\Iatthews, Hampstead Vestry
Hall, March 18, 1899.
Capers and Coronets. A farce per-
formed in New York, September, 1840.
Capias. (1) An attorney in T. Dibdin's
' Will for the Deed ' (q.v.). (2) A character
in M. and B. Barnett's ' Out on the Loose '
(q.v.).
Capitaine de Voleurs (Le). See Old
Offenders and Five Hundred Pounds
Reward.
Capital and Labour. A drama in
four acts, by W. J. Patmoue and H. B.
Moss, Pavilion Theatre, London, March 9,
1891.
Capital Idea (A). A farce bv Frank
Arden and Arthur Rushton, Philhar-
monic Theatre, London, December 26, 1871.
Capital Joke (A). An operetta, written
by Frederic de Lara, composed l)y Lan-
don Ronald, Prince of Wales's Club, London,
January 21, 1894.
Capital Match (A). (1) A farce in one
act, by J. Maddison Morton (q.v.), first
performed at the Haymarket, London, on
November 4, 1852, with Keeley (Sunnyside),
Howe, Mrs. Leigh Murray, and Miss R.
Bennett ; at Burton's Theatre, New York,
August, 1853. (2) A comedietta in one act,
by William Parker, Theatre Royal, Rich-
mond, April 26, 1897.
Capitan (El). A comic opera, libretto
by Charles Klein, music by John Philip
Sousa, first performed at Tremont Theatre,
Boston, U.S.A., on April 13, 1896, with a
cast including De Wolf Hopper and Alfred
Klein ; produced at the Broadway Theatre,
New York, April 20, 1896.
Capitol (The). A play by Augustus
Thomas (q.v.), first performed at the Stan-
dard Theatre, New York, September 9, 1895.
Caprice. (1) A drama by O. S. Leland,
first performed at Wallack's Theatre, New
York, in October, 1857, with a cast includ-
ing Lester Wallack. (2) A play in four acts,
by Howard Taylor (q.v.), first performed
at the New Park Theatre, New York, on
August 11, 1884, with Miss Minnie Maddern
as Mercy Baxter ; first performed in England
CAPRICE
250
CAPTAIN OF THE WATCH
(revised by F. W. BROUGHTON)at the Globe
Theatre, London, on October 22, 18S9, with
INliss Loie Fuller as Mercii. and other parts
by J. G. Grahame, J. T. Herndon, J. Mac-
lean, Alfred INIaltby, Fuller Mellish, A.
Boucicault, Miss Marie Linden, and Miss
Susie Vaughan. — ' A Caprice : ' a play in one
act, translated by J. Huntly M'Carthy
from Alfred de Musset's ' Cn Caprice' (g.r.),
and first performed at the Vaudeville The-
atre, London, on ^Nlay 10, 1892, with Miss
Marion Lea as Mdmc. de L'Hery and Miss
May Whitty as Mathilde ; revived at the
Garrick Theatre, London, in November,
1S92, with Miss E. Burney and :Miss R.
Nisbett in those parts.
Caprice, Prince, in 'A Voyage to the
Moon' (q.v.).
Caprice (TJn). See Caprice ; Charm-
ing Widow, a ; Good Little Wife, A.
Capricious Lady (The), a farce per-
formed at Drury Lane in May, 1771. See
Scornful Lady.
Capricious Lovers (The). (1) A
comedy by Odingsells, first acted at
Lincoln's inn Fields in December, 1725.
(2) A comic opera, words by Robert Lloyd,
music by Rush, founded on Fa vart's ' Caprices
d'Amour,' first acted at Drury Lane in
November, 176i.
Capsicomb, Sheriff and Mrs., in
Planche'S ' Irish Post ' {q.v.).
Captain (The). A comedy by Beau-
mont and Fletcher, printed in 1647.
" Jacomo is a rough captain and a woman-
hater. Frank falls passionately in love
with him. Jacomo at first does not think
it possible that any woman should like
him. At the conclusion he marries Frank"
(Genest). "No portion can be definitely
assigned to Beaumont, but Fletcher cer-
tainly had assistance from some quarter"
(Bullen). (2) A drama in three acts, by
Don Carlos, Swindon, February 23, 1SS3.
(3) A farcical comedy in three acts, by W.
F. Field, Town Hall, Maidenhead, October
27, 1886.
Captain Billy. An operetta in one
act, words by Harry Greenbank, music
by Fran(;ois Cellier, Savov Theatre, London,
September 24, 1891.
Captain Charlotte. A farce in two
acts, by Edward Stirling (q.v.), first per-
formed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, in
March, 1843, with ^Sliss Kate Howard in the
title part.
Captain Cook. " A serious pantomime
in three parts," performed at Covent Garden
in 1789.
Captain Cuttle. A comic drama in
one act, "being a few more scenes from the
moi-al of ' Dombey and Son,' " -sratten by
John Brougham (q.v.), and first performed
at Burton's Theatre, New York, on January
14, 1850; played as " a dramatic sketch in
three acts" at the Gaiety Theatre, London,
on November 20, 1880, with W. J. Florence
in the title part, C. Fawcett as Mr. Dombey,
T Squire as Sol Gills, J. L. Shine as Mr.
Toots, ]\Irs. Leigh as Mrs. Skeleton, Miss
Connie Gilchrist as Florence Dombey, Miss
Myra Holme as Edith Granger, and Misi
Amalia as Susan Nipper.
Captain Fritz. A musical comedy
drama in five acts, Lyric Theatre, Hammer-
smith, April 5, 1897.
Captain in Petticoats (A). A dra
matic piece by Harry Jackson {q.v.), per
formed in L'.S.A.
Captain is not A-miss (The). ^
farce in one act, by T. E. Wilks {q.v.), firs
performed at the Lyceum Theatre, London
on April IS, 1836, with W. Bennett a
General Stormwell, Hemming as Captaii
Daring, Oxberry a.s JoJin Stock {sl "tiger"]
Romer, Williams, Mrs. Nis'bett, Miss Moi
daunt, and Miss Shaw.
Captain Kidd; or,TheBoldBucca
neer. A comic opera in three acts, librett
by G. H. Abbott, music by F. Solomor
first performed at the Prince of Wales''
Theatre, Liverpool, September 10, 1883. Se
Captain Kvd.
Captain Kyd. A drama first pe
formed at the Park Theatre, New Yorl
in July, 1839, with Richings as the hei
and :Miss Cushman as Elspy. See Captai
Kidd.
Captain Lettarblair. A play I
Marguerite Merington, performed :'
U.S.A.
Captain Mario. A comedy by Stephe
GossoN {q.v.), described by him as *'a cal
of Italian devises ; " produced some tin!
after 1579.
Captain O'Blunder ; or,
Brave Irishman. A farce by Thom.^
Sheridan, first performed at Goodmai'
Fields ill January, 1746 ; in New Yoi
1765.
Captain of the Guard (The). S
Captain of the Watch. \
Captain of the Vxiltuire (The). £•
Millicent.
Captain of the Watch (The).
farce in one act, " freely rendered," by J. ;
Planche, from Lockroy's 'Le Chevalier ••
Guet,' and first performed at Covent Gard
on February 24, 1841, with C. J. Mathews
the title part (F/scown^ de Ligny), Bartley
Baron Vandcrpatter, J. Vining as Adolf
Courtray, Mrs. Walter Lacy as Kristina,&
Mrs. Huniby as Katrt/n ; performed in N
York in lb42, with Walcot as De Ligny ;
vived at the Haymarket Theatre in Ap:
1869, with Sothern as the Viscount, Miss
Cavendish as Kristina, Miss Caroline I
as Katryn, and Chippendale as the Ban
revived at the Lyceum Theatre, London;'-
lSSl-2, with W. Terriss in the title part ; •
vived, with interpolated lyrics by FRE-
rick Wood and music bv George Fox,.!
' The Captain of the Guard,' at the Tliea>
i
CAPTAIN PAUL
251
CARACTACUS
Royal, Margate, July 24, 1882, with a cast
including the lyrist and composer, E. J.
Henley, and Miss Lucy Franklein.
Captain Paul. A melodrama adapted
by E. E. Rose and Alfred de Lisser
from the novel by Alexandre Dumas, first
produced at the Castle Square Theatre,
Boston, U.S.A., November 12, 1S94 ; per-
formed at the Herald Square Theatre, New
York, in April or May, 1S95, with Robert
HiUiard in the title part.
Captain Pro Tern. A play by Mark
Lemo.n, performed at the Olympic Theatre,
London, 1841-44.
Captain Stevens. A play performed
in New York in 1833, with Richings in the
cast.
Captain Swift. A play in four acts,
by C. Haddo.n Chambers {q.v.), first per-
formed at the Haymarket Theatre on the
afternoon of June 20, 1888, with H. Beer-
bohm Tree in the title part, F. H. Macklin
as Gardiner, R. Pateman as Marshall, H.
Kemble as Mr. Seabrook, F. Gillmore as
: Harry Seabrook, Miss Agnes Miller as Mabel
i Seabrook, Mrs. Tree as Stella Darbisher, Miss
i Rose Leclercq as Lady Staunton, and Lady
\ Monckton as Mrs. Seabrook ; put into the
evening bill at the same theatre on Septem-
ber 1, 1S88, with H. B. Tree, H. Kemble, F.
H. Macklin, Mrs. Tree, Miss Leclercq, and
Lady Monckton in their original roles, C.
H. E. Brooktieldas Marshall, Fuller Mellish
as Harry, and Miss A. Cudmore as Mabel ;
revived at the Haymarket on December 2,
]893 ; played in London and the British
provinces in 1894, with F. H. Macklin in his
original part, T. B. Thalberg as the hero,
Mrs. Macklin as Mrs. Seabrook, Miss R.
Nesbitt as Stella, etc. ; produced in New
York in 1895, with H. B. Tree in his original
part.
Captain Therese. A comic opera in
three acts, words by Alexandre Bisson
and Frank C. Burnand, music by Robert
Planquette, first performed at the Prince of
"NVales's Theatre, London, on August 25,
1890, with Miss Attalie Claire in the title
part, and other roles by Hayden Coffin,
Joseph Tapley, Harry Monkhouse, H. Ash-
ley, Miss Phyllis Broughton, and Madame
Amadi ; revived at the Criterion Theatre on
the afternoon of May 30, 1893, with Miss
Eramott-Herbert in the title part.
Captain Thomas Stukeley. See
Battle of Alcazar and Stukeley.
Captain Underwit. A play first
prmted by A. H. Bullen in his ' Collection
of Old EngUsh Plays,' and ascribed by him
to the year 1640 or thereabouts. It is "a
domestic comedy, written" — "no doubt"
by Shirley (^.y.)— "in close imitation of
Ben Jonson." The manuscript gives no
title to the play, which was christened as
above by Halli well- Phillips. Professor A.
W. Ward speaks of it as "affecting him
like a paroily on ' The Woman Killed with
Kindness.' "
Captain's Come, performed at Niblo's
Garden, New York, in 1837, with Miss Clara
Fisher and Jefi:er.son in the cast, was after-
wards re-christened ' Tom Noddy's Secret.'
Captivating- Carmen. A burlesque
by JlARTiN Byam and Byam Wyke, Pier
Theatre, Folkestone, August 4, 1890.
Captive (The). (1) A comic opera,
words by Isaac Bickerstaff, music by
C. Dibdin ; taken from the comic scenes
of ' Don Sebastian ; ' acted at the Hay-
market in 1769. (2) A "monodrama" by
M. G. Lewis, first performed at Covent
Garden on March 22, 1803. We read that
" Mrs. Litchfield recited the monodrama in
a most perfect manner, and gave to the per-
formance all the effect of tine acting. Her
chai-acter was that of a maniac, and her em-
bodiment of the author'shorrible imaginings,
combined with the scenic effects and other
startling appearances, which with his usual
skill he introduced into the piece, threw a
portion of the audience into hysterics, and
the whole theatre intoconfusion'and horror."
The monodrama was recited by Mrs. Scott
Siddons at Southsea in July, 1879, and by
Miss Ellen Terry at the Lyceum Theatre,
London, in 1880.
Captive of Spilsburg- (The). A
musical piece in two acts — the words ascribed
to Prince Hoare, the music by Dussek —
taken from ' Le Souterrain,' and first per-
formed at Drury Lane on November 14,
1798.
Captives (The). (1) A play printed
by A. IL Bullen (from an anonymous manu-
script in the British Museum) in his ' Col-
lection of Old English Plays ; ' licensed in
1624, and ascribed, with good reason, to T.
Heynvood (q.v.). "The internal evidence
of style and manner is irresistible " (A. \V.
Ward). (2) A tragedy by John Gay (q.v.),
first acted at Drury Lane on January 15, 1724.
"A Persian captive (Booth) is a Joseph,
against whom the Median queen, whom he
has offended, vows vengeance ; in pursuit
of which, love and murder are extensively
employed. Mrs. Oldfield had one good scene
in it as Cylene, captive wife of the Persian
Joseph, for whom she entertains a warm re-
gard, of which he is worthy " (Doran). (3)
A comedy by Plautus, translated by Richard
Warner, and printed in 1767. (4) A tragedy
by John Delap, first performed at Drury
Lane on March 9, 1786.
Capuchin (The). See Trip to Calais.
Capulet and Lady Capulet. Father
and mother of Juliet in Shakespeare's
'Romeo and Juliet' (q.v.), and in the
various travesties thereof.
Caractacus. (1) A "dramatic poem"
by William Mason, published in 1759,
dramatized by the author, and first per-
formed at Covent Garden on December 6,
1776, with Clarke in the title part, Lewis
as Arviraijus (son of Caractacus), Mrs.
Hartley as Evelina (his daughter), etc. (2)
A ballet dac?<o/i, invented by D'Egville, with
CARADOC THE GREAT
CARELESS HUSBAND
music by Sir Henrv Bishop, Dniry Lane,
ISOS. See BONDUCA.
Caradoc the Great, King- of Cam-
"bria ; The Chronicle History of the
Xiife and Valiant Deeds of, 1G15.
Caramel, Prince, in Gilbert and
Clay's 'Princess Toto' (q-v.), is the be-
trothed of the heroine ; " the mildest and
most unspeakably respectable of potentates,
■who puts on the seeming of a sanguinary
desperado with a view to pleasing his
leather-headed fiancee."
Caratach. A character in 'Bonduca'
<7.i-.).
Caravan (The) ; or, The Driver
and his Dog-. A " serio-comic romance "
in two acts, words by Frederick Reynolds,
music by Reeve, first performed at Drury
Lane on December 5, 1S03.
Carbine. A character in W. H. Mur-
ray's ' Gilderoy ' (q-v.).
Card-Basket (The). A " triologue" by
Shirley Brooks (g.r.), performed at the
Gallery of Illustration, London, in 1S61,
with German Reed and Mrs. German Reed
as ^Fr. and Mrs. Candytuft, and John Parry
as Mr. Babhleton.
Card-Case (The). A farce by H. T.
Craven (g. I-.), produced at Liverpool in 1S44.
Cardenio, The History of. A play
acted at Court in 1613, and ascribed, when
printed, to Fletcher and Shakespeare. It
"has been thought identical with 'The
Double Falsehood,'" and "was no doubt
founded on a novel of Cervantes, ' Las do3
Doncellas ' " (A. W. Ward).
Cardinal (The). A tragedy by James
Shirley {.q.v.), acted in 1641 and printed
in 1652 ; seen by Pepvs in 1662; revived at
the Theatre Royal between 1663 and 1632
(Downes). The King of Navarre has ordered
the Duchess Bosaura to marry Cohimbo,
the Cardinal's nephew. She prefers Alvarez,
whom Cohnnbo murders, being in his turn
killed by Hernando. The Duchess, feigning
madness, is consigned to the care of the
Cardinal, who poisons her, and also, under
a misapprehension, poisons himself. See
criticism by A. Dyce and A. W. Ward.
Cardinal Sin (A). A drama based on
Zola's ' L'Assommoir,'iand first performed at
the Lvceum Theatre, Minneapolis, Septem-
ber 7, "1891.
Cardinal
Cardinal.
"Wolsey. See Wolset,
Careful. Father of Clarinda in Mrs.
Centlivre's ' Beau's Duel.'
Careful Servant (The) and the
Careless Master. A piece in one act,
performed at Covent Garden on October 29,
1816.
Careless. (1^ A colonel in Sir R.
Howard's 'The Committee' (q.v.). (2) A
character in Killigrew's ' Parson's Wed-
ding ' (q.v.). (3) Friend of Mellefont in
Congreve's ' Double Dealer' (g.w.). (4) A
character in Gibber's ' The Double Gal-
lant' (q.v.), taken from 'The Reformed
Wife' (q.v.). (5) The chief character in A.
Murphy's 'No One's Enemy but his Own'
(q v.). (6) A friend of Charles Surface in
' The School for Scandal' (q.v.). (7)" A cap-
tain in Wooler'S ' Haunted Mill' (q.v.).
Careless Husband (The). A comedy
in five acts by Colley Gibber (q.v.), first
performed at Drury Lane Theatre on Decem-
ber 7, 1704, with the author as Lord Fop-
pington, Willis as Sir Charles Easy, Powell
as Lord Morelove, Mrs. Knight as Lady Eauy,
Mrs. Moore as Lady Graveairs, Mrs. Lucas
as Edging, and Mrs. Oldtield as Lady Betty
Modish. It appears that Gibber, after writing
the first and second acts of this work, had
thrown it aside "in despair of having justice
done to the character of Lady Betty Modish
by any one woman then among us ; Mrs.
Verbruggen being now in a very declining
state of health, and Mrs. Bracegirdle out of
my reach and engag'd in another company."
Mrs. Oldfield having, however, impressed
Gibber somewhat deeply by her performance
of Leonora in ' Sir Courtly Nice,' he was, he
says, " no longer at a loss for support . . .
and had now a new call to finish " the piece.
He adds (see his 'Apology'): "Whatever
favourable reception this comedy has met
with from the publick, it would be unjust
in me not to place a large share of it to the
account of Mrs. Oldfield ; not only from the
uncommon excellence of her action, but even
from her personal manner of conversing.
There are many sentiments in the character
of Lady Betty Modish that I may almost say
were originally her own, or only dress'd
with a little more care than when they
negligently fell from her lively humour."
The piece was revived at Drury Lane in 1742
(with Peg WoflBngton as Lady Betty and
Gibber, jun., as Lord Foppington), at Covent
Garden in 1745 (with Mrs. Pritchard as Lady
Easy and Kitty Clive as Edging), at Drury
Lane in 1750 (with Mrs. Pritchard as Lady
Betty), at Covent Garden in 1759 (with Mrs.
Bellamy as Lady Betty and Smith as Lord
Foppington), at Drury Lane in 1770 (with
Mrs. AiDington as Lady Betty and Dodd as
Lord Foppinqton), at Covent Garden in 1773
(with Mrs. Buckley as Lady Betty and Lewis
as Lord Foppington), at the same theatre in
1781 (with Miss Younge as Lady Betty and
Henderson as Sir Charles Easy), and at
Drurv Lane in 1790 (with Kemble as Sir
Charles, Dodd as Lord Foppington, and Miss
Farren as Lady Betty). The comedy was
represented in New York in 1753, with Mrs.
Hallam as Lady Betty Modish. "The pur-
pose of the play," writes Professor A. _W.
Ward, "is genuinely moral— viz. to exhibit
the triumph of purelong-suffering affection,
when its object is a man not spoilt at heart.
There is true pathos in the character of
Lady Easy, and one may forgive her hus-
band as one forgives Fielding's heroes, or
Steele in real life. The execution is upon
the whole admirable ; and the quarrels of
Lady Betty Modish and Lord Morelove, Avith
CARELESS LOVERS
253
CARLELL
Lord Fojypington and Lady Graveairs inter-
vening, are in the best style of later comedy "
('English Dramatic Literature,' 1899).
Careless Lovers (The). A comedy
by Edward Ravenscroft (q.v.), performed
at Dorset Garden in 1673.
Careless Shepherdess (The). A
" Pastoral Tragic Comedy," by Thomas
GOFFE, acted before the king and queen at
Salisbury Court, and printed in 1656. The
scene is "Arcadia."
Cares of Love (The) ; or, A Nig-ht's
Adventure. A comedy by A. Chaves,
acted at the Haymarket in August, 1705.
See Lover's Cure, The.
Carew, Anne. The heroine of Tom
Taylor's 'Sheep in Wolf's Clothing' (q.v.).
Carew, Bampfylde Moore. See
Bampfylde ]\Ioore Carew.
Carew, Thomas. Poet, born 1589,
died 1639 ; author of ' Coelura Britannicum*
(q.v.), a masque performed in 1634.
Carey, Georgre Savile. Playwright
and entertainer, born 1743, died 1807 ; son
of Henry Carey (q.v.) ; began life as an
actor. "He was one season, at least, at
Covent Garden, but made no figure as a
player, although his powers of imitation
were very considerable " (' Biographia Dra-
matica'). He supported himself in the
main by giving entertainments which con-
sisted largely of imitations of the more
popular actors of his day. He was the
author of the following dramatic pieces:—
!'The Inoculator' (1766), 'The Cottagers'
(1766), 'Liberty Chastised' (1768), 'Shake-
speare's Jubilee' (1769), 'The Old Women
iWeatherwise' (1770), 'The Magic Girdle'
[(1770), ' The Nutbrown Maid ' (1770), ' The
iNoble Pedlar' (1770), and 'The Dupes of
iFancy ' (1792). He published several books,
including 'A Lecture on Mimicry' (1776),
and was the writer of many songs. An
attack on Foote and his company, entitled
^ Momus, a poem, or a critical examination
into the merits of the performers, and comic
pieces, at the Theatre Royal in the Hay-
market,' has been attributed to Carey. See
' Thespian Dictionary ' (1805) and ' Bio-
graphia Dramatica ' (1812). See Kean,
Edmund,
. Carey, Henry. Playwright, lyrist, and
musician ; died October, 1743 ; was reputed
to be the illegitimate son of George Savile,
Marquis of Halifax. He received instruction
in music from some well-known preceptors,
but (says the ' Biographia Dramatica '),
"being but slenderly accomplished in his
irt, his chief employment was teaching ; "
ilthough, according to the same authority,
' he had a prolific invention, and very early
n his life distinguished himself by the
composition of songs," for which he often
wrote both words and music. He was con-
cerned as author, as composer, or in both
ohose capacities, in the production of the
following pieces (all of which see):— 'The
Contrivances,' a farce (1715), ' Hanging and
Marriage,' a farce (1722), ' Amelia,' an opera
(1732), ' Tereminta,' an opera (1732), ' Betty,'
a ballad opera (1732), ' Cephalus and Pro-
cris,' a musical piece (1733), ' Chrononhoton-
thologos,' a burlesque (1734), ' A Wonder ;
or. The Honest Yorkshireman ' (1735), ' The
Dragon of Wantley,' a musical burlesque
(1737), ' Margery ; or, A Worse Plague than
the Dragon' [afterwards 'The Dragoness'J
(1738), and 'Nancy,' a musical interlude
[afterwards ' The Press Gang ' and ' True
Blue '] (1739). He also wrote the music for
the songs in Vanbrugh and Gibber's ' Pro-
voked Husband' (1728). A selection from
his dramatic pieces was published in 1743.
" As a musician," writes Sir John Hawkins.
" Carey seems to have been of the first of
the lowest rank ; and as a poet, the lust
of that class of which D'Urfey was the
first."
Carey, Henry Lucius. See Falk-
land, Viscount.
Carey, Paddy. See Paddy Carey.
Carib Chief (The). A tragedy, first
performed at Drury Lane in May, 1S19, with
Kean in the title part (Omreali), and other
roles by H. Kemble and Mrs. W. West.
Carigrue. A character in 'The Duke's
Motto ' (q.v.).
Carina. A comic opera in three acts,
music by Madame Woolf, libretto (adapted
from Mrs. Inchbald's ' Midnight Hour,'
q.v.)hyE.L. Blanchaud and CBiudgman;
first performed at the Opera Comique The-
atre, London, September 27, 1SS8, with a
cast including Miss Camilled'Arville(as the
heroine), Mis.s Alice Lethbridge, Miss Jose-
phine Findlay, C. Collette, G. H. Snazelle,
E. D. Ward, and Durward Lely.
Cariola. Maid to the duchess in Web-
ster's ' Duchess of Malfi ' (q.v.).
Carionil, in Cokain'S ' Obstinate Lady.'
Carissima, Princess. Daughter of
Fulminoso in Planche's ' Queen of the
Frogs' (q.v.).
Carl. An opera in one act, w^ords by
Shedden Wilson, music by W. Meyer Lutz,
first performed at the Gaiety Theatre,
London, May 3, 1886,
Carl's Folly. A " pastoral play " in four
acts, by Clay M. Greene, produced at the
Theatre Royal, Hull, March 26, 1891.
Carlell, Lodowick. " An ancient
courtier," says Ijangbaine (' Dramatic
Poets '), having held offices under Charles
I. and II. ; and author of the following dra-
matic pieces :— ' The Deserving Favourite '
(1629), ' Arviragus and Philicia ' (1639),
'The Passionate Lover' (1655), 'The Fool
would be a Favourite ' (1657), ' Osmond the
Great Turk' (1657), ' Heraclius,' a trans-
lation (1664), and ' The Spartan Ladies ' (not
printed). See Genest's 'English Stage,*
Halliwell-Phillips' ' Old Plays,' and A. W.
i Ward's ' English Dramatic Literature,'
k
CARLETON
254
CARMEN
Carleton, Henry Guy. American
dramatic -writer ; autiior of tlie following
plays :— ' Victor Durand ' (1885), ' Tlie Pem-
ber tons' (1890), 'A Gilded Fool' (1892),
'The Princess of Erie' (1892), 'Ye Earlie
Trouble ' (1892), ' A Bit of Scandal ' (1893).
' Butterflies ' (1893), ' That Imprudent Young
Couple ' (1895), ' Ambition ' (1895), ' The
Cuckoo,' 'The Adventurer,' ' Lera Kettle,'
• The Lion's Mouth,' 'Never Again,' etc.
Carleton, Royce [Colin Campbell].
Actor, born in Edinburgh, 1860 ; diert 1895 ;
made his London debut at the Globe Theatre
in 1882 as Rohin in 'Far from the Madding
Crowd ' iq.v.). He was the first representa-
tive of Blifil in ' Sophia ' (1886), of Krogstad
in the Enclish version of 'A Doll's House'
(1889), of Mr. Dethic in ' Judah ' (1890), and
of Henders in ' The Professor's Love Story '
(1892-4). He was also in the original casts
of ' Devil Caresfoot ' (1887), ' Heart of Hearts'
(1887), ' Little Lord Fauntleroy ' (1888), ' The
Pompadour ' (1888), ' The Silver Falls ' (1888),
etc.
Carleton, "William, vocalist and actor,
represented Captain Robert in the first Eng-
lish adaptation (1830) of ' La Fille du Tam-
bour Major ' {q.v.). He has since played in
opera in U.S.A.
Carlile, James. Actor, soldier, and
playwright ; author of a comedy called ' The
Fortune Hunters' {q.v.), printed in 1689.
He was killed at the battle of Aughrim,
July, 1691.
Carline. The heroine of Dimond jun.'s
* Young Hussar ' (.q.v.).
Carline, tiie Female Brig-and. A
romantic drama in two acts, by Edward
Stirling, tjrst performed at the Pavilion
Theatre, London, January 16, 1837, with
Mrs. Selby in the title part (assuming
several disguises).
Carlisle, Countess of, in Browning's
♦Strafford' (5. r.).
Carlisle, Earl of [Frederic Howard].
Born 1748, died 1826 ; lord-lieutenant of
Ireland, 17S0-17S2 ; author of two tragedies
— 'The Father's Revenge' (1783) and 'The
Stepmother' (1800), both of which see;
author, also, of 'Tlioughts upon the Present
Condition of the Stage ' (ISOS).
Carlisle, Miss. Actress ; made her
London debut at the Princess's Theatre in
October, \^Q'^,RsLady Emmelinem 'Escaped
from Portland' {q.v.). She was the original
Ellen Golding in ' Friendship ' (1873), Semea
in ' Round the World in Eighty Days ' (1875),
Blanche in ' The Duke's Device ' (1876), Jaiie
Seymour in Taylor's ' Anne Boleyn ' (1876),
etc. She was a'lso seen in London as Mary
Thornberry in 'John Bull' (Gaiety, 1873),
Bianca in ' Katherine and Petruchio '
(Princess's, 1875), Desdemona (Sadler's
Wells, 1880), etc.
Carlisle, Sybil. Actress ; made her
professional debut at the Globe Theatre,
London, in 1891, as Emily in ' All the Com-
forts of Home' (^.f.). She has since been
the first representative of Bella in ' Haste
to the Wedding' (1892), Persis Harrison
in ' Gudgeons ' (1893), Fojypy Janaicay in
'My Friend the Prince' (1897), Muriel m
♦ The Second in Command' (1900), Lady
Wyvern in 'The Bride and Bridegroom'
(1904), etc. She has also been seen in Lon-
don as Celia in ' As You Like It ' (1894),
Lucetta in ' The Tsvo Gentlemen of Verona*
(1895), and Oheronin ' A Midsummer Night's
Dream ' (1895). As a member of Augustin
Dalv's company she has appeared in America
(1894-5, 1895-6) as Olivia in 'Twelfth Night,'
Helena and Herinia in ' A Midsummer
Night's Dream,' etc.
Carlo, in 'Every Man out of his
Humour' {q.v.), "drinks with a supposed
I companion, quarrels about the pledge, and
I tosses about the cups and flasks in the
imaginary brawl " (Sir Walter Scott).
Carlo, Phoebe. Actress ; -was the
original Cams in 'Claudian' (1883), Kit
in 'Hoodman Blind' (1885), Harry Reade
in ' Sister Mary ' (1886), Alice in ' Alice in
Wonderland ' (18S6).
Carlos. The name of characters (1) in
CiBBER's 'Love makes a Man' (q.v.), (g)
in DuNLAP's ' Blind Boy,' (3) in ' The Man
of Fortitude ' {q.v.), and (4) in ' The Thirst
for Gold.'
Carlos, Don. (1) Friend of Alonzo
and betrotlied to Leonora in Young's ' Re-
venge ' {q.v.). (2) Husband of Donna
Victoria in Mrs. COWLEY'S ' Bold Stroke for
a Husband' {q.v.). See Don Carlos.
Carlyle, Lady Isabel. The heroine
of the various adaptations of ' East Lynne '
iq.v.).
Carlyon Sahib. A play by Gilbert
:Muruav, produced at the Kennington
Theatre, London. June 19, 1899, with Mrs, '
Patrick Campbell in the chief female role.
Carmelite (The). A tragedy by
Richard Cumberland {q.v), first per-
formed at Drury Lane on December 2, 1784. ,
Carmen. (1) An opera in four acts, the ,
libretto based on the story by Merimee, the ;
music by Georges Bizet ; performed, with an
English libretto by Henry Hersee, at Her
Majesty's Theatre, London, on February 5,
1879, with Mdme. Selina Dolaro as the;
heroine. Miss Julia Gaylord as Michaela, '
Durward Lely as Joc^t-,' Walter Bolton as.
Escamillo, and other characters by C. Lyall,
G. H. Snazelle, Miss Georgina Burns, and
Miss Josephine Yorke ; produced at the
Prince of Wales's, Liverpool, on July 7, 1879,
with JNIdme. Soldene in the title role, Dur-
ward Lely as Don Jose, Miss Stella as
Michaela, E. Farley as Escamillo, and other
parts by Miss Vesey, E. Marshall, J. Wallace,,
etc. (2) ' Carmen : ' a dramatic version (in
four acts) of Merimee's story, written by
Henry Hamilton, and produced for the'
first time at the Empire Theatre, New
York, on December 24, 1895, with Miss Olga'
(
CARMEN
255
CARR
.Vethersole in the title part, Ernest Leicester
lis hon Josh Libengoa, T. Kingston as Don
Manoel Sarceda, Luigi Lablache as Lucas
Mendez, W. Farren as Bernal d'Aila, Forest
Flood as Pedro Diaz, J. Blair as Dancaire,
'J. Forrest as Remendado, Miss Effie Shan-
lon as Dolores, and Miss Alexes Leighton
IS Teresa ; produced at the Gaiety Theatre,
London, on June 6, 1896, with Miss Nether-
iole, Miss Leighton, T. Kingston, and L.
Lablache in their original rOles, and other
;;haracters by C. Dalton {Josh), G. R. Foss
'.Dancaire), Miss Lena Ashwell (Dolores),
;tc. (3) Another version, by Marie Doran
;,nd MOLLIE Revel, was first produced
it the Bowdoin Square Theatre, Boston,
vlass., April 27, 1896, with Elita Proctor
)tis in the title role. (4) An adaptation
)y ESTELLA Jordan of Prosper Merimt;e's
lovel and Bizet's opera Avas first acted at
he Casino, New Rochelle, New York, De-
l;ember 19, 1897.— There have been several
)urlesques of ' Carmen : '—(1) ' Carmen ; or,
?old for a Song,' by Robert Reece, first
ierformed at the Folly Theatre, Jjondon,
)n January 25, 1879, with Miss Lydia Thomp-
on as Carmen, Lionel Brough as Don Jose,
ohn Howson as Escamillo, George Giddens
,s Dancaire, Miss Adelaide Praeger as
'^ichaela, and Miss Edith Blande as Lillas
^astia. (2) ' Little Carmen ' (q.v.), by
ilLFRED Murray (1884). (3) ' Captivat-
ing Carmen' (q.v.), by M. Byam and Byam
iVyke (1890), (4) ' Carmen up to Date,' in
iwo acts, by George R. Sim.s and Henry
Pettitt, music by Meyer Lutz, produced at
ihakespeare Tlieatre, Liverpool, September
;2, 1890, with Miss Florence St. John as
barmen. Miss Addie Conyers as Escamillo,
diss Maria Jones as Michaela, E. J. Lonnen
,s Josh, Arthur Williams as Zunifja, G. T.
linshuU as Lillius Pastivs, and other roles
[y Miss Carrie Coote, Miss K. Barry, Miss
f. Levey, Miss Letty Lind, etc. ;*at the
;!aiety Theatre, London, on October 4. 1890,
.'ith Miss St. John, Miss Lind, Miss Jones,
]. J. Lonnen, A. Williams, and G. T.
linshuU in their original parts. Miss Jenny
,)awson as Escainillo, and Miss F. Levey as
''rasquita. (5) * Giddy Miss Carmen ' (q.v.),
y "L. E. Steer" (1894).
Carmen, besides being the name of the
eroine of the opera, dramas, and burlesques
3unded on Merimee's story, is the name also
I) of a character in Suter's 'Baccarat'
^.v.). There is (2) a Mdlle. Carmen in
Telby's ' Paris and Pleasure,' as well as
3) a Donna Carmen in Marston's ' True
.11 Death '(7.V.).
Carmine. (1) Cornet Carmine figures
1 'Pride shall have a Fall' (q.v.), and (2)
ir Carmine is the Court painter in TOM
AYLOR's 'Prince Dorus' (q.v.).
Carnac Sahib. A play in four acts,
y Henry Arthur Jones (q.v.), first per-
Drmed at Her Majesty's Theatre, London,
n April 12, 1899, with H. Beerbohm Tree
s Colonel Carnac, and other parts bv Lewis
V'aller, Mrs. Brown Potter, J. D. Beveridge,
liss Eva Moore, etc.
Carnag-e, Captain, in W. L. Rede's
' Affair of Honour ' ('^.i-.).
Carnaval d'un Merle Blanc (Le).
See Loo and Not a Word.
Came, Joseph. Actor ; made his pro-
fessional debut at the Court Theatre in
1877. He was in the original casts of ' Nell
Gwynne' (1878), 'A Wild Love' (Bristol,
1881), • Odette ' (Haymarket, 1882), ' Fedora '
(Haymarket. 1883), 'Princess George'
(Prince's, 1885), 'Enemies' (Prince's, 1886),
• The Silver Falls ' (Adelphi, 1888), ' A
Leader of Men ' (Comedy, 1895), ' The No-
torious Mrs. Ebbsmith' (Garrick, 1895),
'Michael and his Lost Angel' (Lyceum,
1896), ' A Night Out ' (Vaudeville, 1896). etc.
Carnival (The). (1) A comedv by
Thomas Porter, acted at the Theatre
Royal, and printed in 1664. (2) A comedv bv
Charlotte Charke (q.v.), acted at Lincoln's
Inn Fields in 1735.
Carnival of Naples (The). A vau-
deville, music by John Barnett, first per-
formed at Covent Garden in 1830.
Carnival of Rome (The). A play
first performed in America, in October,
1880, with Sylvia Gerrish as Theresa.
Carnival of Venice (The). An opera
in three acts, libretto by Richard Tickell,
first performed at Drury Lane on December
13, 1781.
Carnival Time. A musical sketch in
one act, words by .MALCOLM Watson, music
by Corney Grain, St. George's Hall, Lon-
don, April 7, 1890.
Carol, Herbert. A character in May-
iiew's ' Wandering Minstrel' (q.v.).
Carp (The). A comedietta in one act,
written by F. Desprez, composed by A.
Cellier, and fir.st performed at the Savoy
Theatre, London, on February 11, 1^86.
Carpenter, Joseph Edwards. Play-
wright and song-writer, born 1S13, died
1885; author of 'The Sanctuary,' libretto
(1854), 'Love and Honour' (18.54), 'Adam
Bede,' adaptation (1862J, ' Coming of Age,'
libretto (1869).
Carpenter, Richard (temp. James I.
—Charles II.). Author of a comedy called
'The Pragmatical Jesuit New Leavened.'
See Wood's ' Athenae Osonienses.'
Carpenter of Rouen (The). A play
performed at the Surrey, Victoria, Standard,
Britannia, and Marylebone Theatres, Lon-
don, with Hudson Kirby in the title part ;
also, in America, with Ada Ptehan as
Madelo7i,
Carpillona. The Princess in Planchi^'s
' Once upon a Time there were Two Kings '
(q.v.).
Carpio. A play in three acts, by John
Finnamore, Prince's Theatre, Bradford,
May 24, 1886.
Carr, F. Osmond. Musical composer,
born 1858 ; has Avritten the music for the fol-
CARR
CARTE DE VISITE
lowing dramatic pieces :— ' Faddimir' (18S7),
'Joan of Arc' (189 1), 'Blue-Eved Susan'
(1892), 'In Town' (1S92), Morocco Bound'
(1893), 'Go-Bang' (1S94), 'His ExceUencv '
(1894), 'Bobbo' (1895), 'Biarritz' (1896),
' Mv Girl ' (1S9G), ' Lord Tom Noddv ' (1896),
' Thrillby ' (1896), ' The Maid of 'Athens '
(1897), ' BiUy ' (1898), ' The Celestials ' (1898).
Carr, J. Comyns. Dramatic writer ;
author of 'A Fireside Hamlet' (1884), of
the libretti of 'The Friar' (1886) and ' The
Naturalist' (1887), of 'King Arthur' (1895),
and of the following adaptations — ' Frou-
Frou ' (1881). ' A United Pair ' (1886). ' Nerves '
(1S90), ' Delia Harding ' (1895), ' Madame
.•Sans-Gene' (1897), and 'My Lady of Rose-
dale ' (1904) : part-author, with Thomas
Hardv, of ' Far from the Madding Crowd '
(1882)'; with Hugh Conway, of ' Called Back'
(lS84)and ' Dark Days ' (I'SSS) ; with Haddon
Chambers, of ' Boys Together ' (1S96) and ' In
the Days of the Duke ' (1897) ; and, with A.
W. Pinero, of the libretto of ' The Beauty
Stone' (1898). He was lessee of the Comedy
Theatre, London, from 1S90 to 1895, and in
1899 became a director of "The Lyceum,
Limited."
Carr, Robert. Joint-author, with
Samuel Hayes, of ' Eugenia,' a tragedy,
printed in 1766.
Carr, Sir Jolin. Author of ' The Sea-
side Hero,' a drama, printed in 1804.
Carre, Michel. See Faust and Mar-
guerite.
CarrickfergTis. An Irish soldier of
fortune in 'The Duke's Motto' (g.r.) ; re-
appears, in H. J. Byron's burlesque of that
piay, as chief of the bravoes.
Carroll, Mrs. See Ce.ntlivre, Mrs.
Carron Side. An opera in two acts,
first performed at Covent Garden on 'May
27, 1828, with a cast including Blancliard,
Bartley. Keeley, Sapio, Miss Stephens, Miss
Cawsej Miss Goward, and Mrs. Weston.
Carrot, King-. See King Carrot.
Carrot and Pa-snip ; or, The King-,
the Tailor, and the Mischievous F.
An extravaganza by Frank W. Green (q.v.),
North Woolwich Gardens, London, May 11,
1872.
Carrots, in Buchanan and Harris's
' Sailor and his Lass ' (q.v.).
Carro-w. Son of King^ Arthur, in Paul-
TON and Pascal's 'Cymbia' (.q.v.).
Carson, Kate. Actress ; was in the
original cast of ' Ruth Oaklev ' (1S57),
Byron's 'Esmeralda' (1861), T. W. Robert-
son's ' Cantab ' (1861), Brougham's ' Child
of ihe Sun' (1865), etc.
Carson, S. Murray. Actor and dra-
matic writer, born in London, March, 1865 ;
was in the original casts of ' Hoodman
Blind' (1885), 'The Lord Harry' (1886),
' Clito ' (1886), ' The Golden Ladder ' (1887),
'Ben-My-Chree' (1887), 'The Good Old
Times' (1889), and 'Nowadays' (1389). He
has since been the first representative of
Major Frere in ' Two in the Bush '(1891), J/r.
Leach in ' Tlie Reckoning' (1891), Captairi
Bellairs in ' A Bohemian ' (1S92), Dr. Wend- ■
over in 'David' (1892), Ralph in 'Flight'
(1893), Silas Hooper in ' Gudgeons ' (1893)
Marrable in ' The Fatal Card ' (1894), Don
Pedro in 'The Vagabond King' (1897),
Roderigo in * The Termagant ' (1898), One'.
Hundred-and-One in 'Change Alley' (1899),
and the leading male roles in ' Captain
Kettle' (1902), 'The Flv on the Wheel'
(1902), ' A :Man and Himself ' (1903), ' When
a Man Marries' (1904), 'The Wheat King'
(1904). In 1891 he appeared at the Olympic
as Justinian in ' Theodora ' (q.v.) and Napo-
leon in ' A Royal Divorce ' {q.v.). In October,
lb92, he played Bosola in the revival of
'The Duchess of Malfi ' ((/.i\) at the Op^ra
Comique, and in October, 1893, enacted
Jack Hilliard in 'An American Beauty*
(g.r.) at Terry's. In the English provinces
he has been seen as Hamlet, Othello, Orlando,
Isaachar in ' Hypatia,' Treherne in 'Gud-
geons,' Sir Jasper in 'Rosemary,' etc. He
is the author of a one-act piece called
' Two in the Bush ' (1891), and of plays
written in collaboration with Louis N.
Parker (q.v.), Max Beerbohm, Malcolm
Watson, and others.
Cartandes. Queen of the Danes ia
Cardell's ' Arviragus and Philicia ' (qv.).
Carte, Richard D'Oyly. Theatrical
manager, born 1S44, died 1901 ; was manager
of the Royalty Theatre, London, where
'Trial by Jury' was produced in 1875, when .
he became the originator and promoter of
a scheme for English "comedy-opera," of i
which the lirst-fruit was 'The Sorcerer'
(q.v.), brought out at the Opera Comique,
London, on November 17, 1877. ' H.M.S.
Pinafore,' ' The Pirates of Penzance,' and
' Patience ' followed at the same theatre, .
under the same auspices. In October, 1881,
'Patience' was transferred to the Savov
Theatre, which R. D'Oyly Carte had built
specially for the production of Gilbert-
Sullivan pieces, and of which he has.
remained the owner and director, at the
same time owning and directing numerous
travelling companies both in the British
provinces and in America. In January, 1891,
he opened, in Cambridge Circus, London,
—with Sullivan's 'Ivanhoe' (q.v.), specially
written for the occasion,— the English Opera
House, of which he had been the projector,
but which, in December, 1892, was re-
christened the Palace Theatre, and has
since been devoted, under other manage-
ment, to "variety" performances. D'Oylf
Carte wrote the music for the two dramatic
pieces entitled ' Dr. Ambrosias, his Secret '
(1887) and ' Maria' (1871).
Carte de Visite. A farce, " or piece
of light photographical writing," in one act,
by MONT.A.GU Williams (q.v.) and F. C._
BURNAND (q.v.) ; first performed at the St.
James's Theatre, London, on December 26,
1862, with S. Johnson as William Winking
CARTER
CARTW RIGHT
liss Ada Dyas, etc. One of the characters
s Rayon Desoleil, a photographer.
Carter, J. Author of ' Alberta,' a tra-
«dy, printed in 1787.
Carter, John. Actor ; was in the ori-
inal cast of ' lolanthe ' (Lyceum, London,
880), 'His Wife' (Sadler's Wells, 1S81),
Faust ' (Lyceum, 1885), ' The Great Metro-
olis' (1892), etc. He also played /Jrt/-fo Wo
1 the revival of 'Fazio' (Strand Theatre,
390).— :Mrs. John Carter (died 1891) figured
1 the first London cast of ' The Shaugh-
iun'(ls75), and also in the first casts of
The Last Chance ' (1885), ' Harbour Lights '
.885), ' Devil Caresfoot ' (1887), etc.
Carter, Mrs. Leslie. Actress ; made
er ddhut at New York in 1871 in Belasco's
Ugly Duckling,' and afterwards appeared
lere as the heroine of 'Miss Helyett.'
he has been seen in America and in London
^ the heroine of 'The Heart of Maryland'
.895), and in the title-part of ' Zaza ' (1898) ;
1 America also as ' The Du Barry.'
Carter, Thomas. Musical composer ;
orn in Dublin about 1735, died 1804 ;
Tote the score for the following dramatic
ieces:— 'The Rival Candidates' (1775),
The Milesian' (1777), 'The Fair Ameri-
m' (1782), ' Just in Time' (1792), etc.
Carthaginian (The). A comedy,
•anslated from ]*lautus by Ricuaud
'ARNEii, and printed in 1772.
iCarton, Richard Claude. Actor
hd dramatic writer ; made liis histrionic
mit at Bristol in March, 1875, as Georne
} Laval in 'The Sea of Ice.' His first
)pearauce as an actor in London took
'ace m the following June at the Lvceum
•leatre, where he figured as Osricin ' Ham-
t. _ At the same theatre in 1876 he was the
•igmal Courtenay in Tennyson's 'Queen
ary.' He was the first representative of
ihnny Foshrooke in 'Such is the Law'
578), of Baines Durant in 'Imprudence'
S81), of Mr. Veriker, Q.C., in 'Low Water'
iSi), and of Oscar Meadow in 'Bad Boys'
385). He has also been seen in London
'The School for Scandal' (Imperial,
77), 'New Men and Old Acres' (Court,
78), ' Truth ' (Criterion, 1879), ' Tlie Heir-
•Law ' (Olympic, 1879), ' The Rivals ' (Hay-
irket, 1880), and ' The Private Secretary '
nnce's, 1884). He is the author of the
ilowmg dramatic pieces :— ' Sunlight and
ladow- (1890), 'Liberty Hall' (1892),
lobin Goodfellow' (1893), 'Dinner for
TO '(1893), 'The Fall of the Leaf (1893),
he Home Secretary' (1895), 'The Squire
Dames,' an adaptation (1895), ' A White
,^Pn^nt' (1896), ' The Tree of Knowledge '
fj)' J^ord and Lady Algy ' (1898), ' Wheels
thm Wheels ' (1899), ' Lady Huntworth's
.penment' (1900), 'The Ninth Waltz'
00) rhe Under-current' (1901), ' A Clean
tte (1902), 'The Rich Mrs. Repton '
01); also part-author, with Cecil Raleigh
«.), of 'The Great Pink Pearl' (1885),
•QQN L"*^'^!^" ' (1SS7), and ' The Treasure '
'88). See Porter's Knot, The.
Carton, Sydney. The leading figure
in the adaptations of Dickens's ' Tale of Two
Cities' (q.v.).
Cartouche, Mdme. See Mdme. Car-
touche.
Cartouche ; or, The French Rob-
bers. A comedy in three acts, founded,
apparently, upon an English translation of
a French play printed in 1722 ; first acted
at Lincoln's Inn Fields in Fel)ruary, 1723.
(2) A burlesque on the same subject, written
by H. Chance Newton, Avith music by (i.
Le Brunn, and entitled 'Cartouche and Co. ;
or. The Ticket-of-(French)-Leave Man,' was
first performed at the Theatre Royal, Bir-
mingham, on August 22, 1892.
Cartouche. The name of characters
in (1) Banim's 'Sergehxit's Wife' (Frederick
Cartouche the sergeant), and (2) Oxem-'ord's
' Valse by Arditi ' (Captain Cartouche).
Cartwrig-ht, Charles. Actor; made
his professional debut at Exeter in 1874. His
first appearance in London was at the Im-
perial Theatre as Chadband in ' Jo.' He
was in the cast of ' Hamlet ' at the Lyceum
in 1878. In 1880 he played at the Surrey
in 'Virginius' (Icilius), and at the Prin-
cess's in 'Richelieu' (De Mauprat) and
'The Fool's Revenge' (DeW Aquila). He
was the Baron de Valiny in ' The Lovers of
Palma ' (produced at Edinburgh in 18S1). He
was afterwards in the first casts of ' Far from
the Madding Crowd ' (Frank Troy) (1882),
'Low Water' (1884), 'Margery's Lovers'
(1884), ' Dick • (1884), ' Mayfair ' (Lord Sul-
yrave) (1885), ' A Run of Luck ' (1886), ' The
Noble Vagabond' (1886), 'The Bells of Has-
lemere' (1887), 'The Union Jack' (18^8),
'The Harbour Lights' (1889), 'The White
Rose ' (Oliver Cromwell) (1892), ' A Woman's
Revenge ' (1893), ' The Cotton King ' (1894),
' The Derby Winner ' (Major Mostyn) (1894),
'John h Dreams' (Sir Hubert Garlinge)
(1894), 'Her Advocate' (George Abinger,
Q.C.) (1895), 'The Fool of the Family'
(1896), ' The Sin of St. Hulda ' (1896), and
'Colonel Cromwell' (1900). Other parts
which Charles Cartwright has played in
London are Exigene in ' In His PoAver '
(Olympic, 1885), Claudius in ' Hamlet '
(Globe, 1890), lago in 'Othello' (Globe,
1890), Marcellus in 'Theodora' (Princess's,
1890), Mark Cross in 'The Idler' (Islington,
1892), Pier re in ' The Two Orphans' (Adelphi,
1894), and Harold Wilson in ' Tommy At-
kins' (Duke of York's. 1895). He has played
Prince Z our off in 'Moths' in the English
provinces (1884).
Cartwrig-ht, Georg-e. Author of 'The
Heroic Lover,' a tragedy, printed in 1661.
Cartwright, "William. Clergyman,
poet, and dramatist, born 1611, died 1643 ;
educated at Cirencester, AVestminster
School, and Oxford (1628) ; succentor in
Salisbury Cathedral, 1642 ; wrote the fol-
lowing dramatic pieces :— ' The Royal Slave '
(1639), 'The Lady Errant' (1651), 'The Or-
dinary' (1651), and 'The Siege' (1651). In
U
CARTWRIGHT
258
CASKET
the last-named year his ' Comedies, Tragi-
comedies, and Poems * were publishtd.
" My son Cartwright," said Ben Jonson,
"writes all like a man." "He was ex-
tremely remarkable," says Langbaine, "both
for his outward and inward endowments,
his body being as handsome as his soul"
('Dramatic Poets')- " Cartwright's comic
and serious styles," says A. W. Ward, "are
equally fluent ; but he has no power of
original characterisation, and no native
spring of humour" ('English Dramatic
Literature '). See Wood's ' Athense Oxoni-
enses,' the 'Biographia Dramatica,' and the
' Biographia Britannica.'
Cartwrig-ht, William. Actor ; re-
ferred to in Henslowe's 'Diary' under date
159S ; one of the lessees of the Fortune
Theatre from 1618 onwards.
Cartwrig-ht, William. Actor, died
16S7 ; was a member, before the Civil War,
of Prince Charles's company (performing at
Salisbury Court), and, alter the Restoration,
of Thomas Killigrew's troupe at Drury Lane.
He appeared at the Tlieatre Royal in 1663,
and is mentioned as having played, in his
time, Falstaff, Brabantio, Morose in 'The
Silent Woman,' Sir Epicure Mammon in
' The Alchemist,' and parts in ' Tyrannic
Love, ' Marriage h la Mode,' and ' The Plain
Dealer.' He was Thunder in the original
cast of ' The Rehearsal ' (1671). Pepys, who
saw ' Henry IV.' enacted in 1667, says he
"was pleased in nothing more than 'Cart-
wright's speaking of Fahtaff's speech about
'What is Honour?'" By his will, dated
16b6, Cart-wright left his books, pictures, and
furniture to Dulwich College. See Downes'
'Roscius Anglicanus' (1708), Davies' 'Dra-
matic Miscellanies' (178i), and Genest's
• Enghsh Stage ' (1S32).
Caryll, Ivan. Musical composer and
orchestral conductor ; has written the music
for 'The Lily of Leoville' (1882), 'Love's
Trickery' (1SS9), 'Love and Law' (1891),
' Opposition ' (1S92), ' Little Christopher
Columbus' (1893), 'The Shop Girl' (lS9i),
' Dandy Dick Whittington ' (1894), ' The Gay
Parisienne ' (1896), ' The Circus Girl ' (1896),
' The Runaway Girl' (1898), ' The Lucky Star '
(1899). ' The Cherry Girl' (1903), 'The Orchid'
(1903), ' The Duchess of Dantzic ' (1903). See,
also, CiGALE, La ; Ma Mie Rosette ; Mes-
senger Boy, The ; Toreador, The.
Caryll, John. Diplomatist and poet,
born 1625, died 1711 ; of Roman Catholic
family, an adherent to the Stuarts ; English
agent at Rome, 1685-6; created "Baron
Caryll " by the Pretender ; author of ' The
English Princess ; or, The Death of Richard
III..' a tragedy (1667), and 'Sir Salomon;
or, The Cautious Coxcomb,' a comedy (1669),
both of which see.
Caryswold: a Story of Modern
Xiife. A drama in four acts, by H. Her-
man and J. Mackay; Prince of Wales's
Theatre, Liverpool, September 21, 1877.
Casca. Friend of Brutus, and a con-
spirator, in Shakespeare's ' Julius Caesar '
(2 r-).
Casco Bay. A nautical drama by W.
Bayle Bernard, Olympic Theatre, Lon-
don, 1827.
Case for Eviction (A). A comedietta
by Theyre Smith, first performed at the
Court Theatre, Liverpool, September 22,
1883, with W. H. Kendal as Frank ancl
Mrs. Kendal as Dora ; St. James's Theatre,
London, December 26, 1883.
Case for Reflection (A), by J. Pal-
grave Simpson {q.v.).
Case is Alter'd (The). A conieriv h\
Ben Jonson {q.r.), founded on the 'Cap
fives' and ' Miser' of Plautus, acted by tht;
children of the Queen's Revels at the Blacl
Friars, and first printed in 16u9, though, say.\
Gifford, "it must have Ijeen written ten oi
twelve vears before." It is alluded to ii
Meres' ' Palladis Tamia ' (1598). ' ' The title,^
says A. W. Ward, "was a proverbial ex
pression." "The play," he adds, "i
essentially a comedy of intrigue . . . ;,
romantic comedy in Shakespeare's earlie,
manner, although in general devoid of poeti
afflatus. Yet there were opportunities fo
poetic pathos both in the faithful love o
Rachel for Paulo, and in the friendship c
Chamont and Camillo. The character of th
miser Ja'^ufs is a mere copy. . . . Thecomi
personages {Juniper, Onion, Pacue) are ur^
Interesting." "This," .says Genest, "is c
the whole a good comedy, but Jonson ha.
introduced some low characters who are ncj
very entertaining. It would perhaps hav'
been better if he had borrowed more froi;
Plautus." See Balladino.
Case of Rehellious Susan (The:
A comedy in three acts, by Henry Arthui
Jones (q.v.), first performed at the Ci,
terion Theatre, London, on October 3, 189
with C. Wyndham as Sir Richard Kato, Mi
Mary Moore as Lady Susan Harahin, C. '.
Little as James Harahin, Ben Webster ;
Lucien Edensor, H. Kemble as Admir
Darby, INIiss F. Coleman as Lady Darl\
Miss G. Kingston as Mrs. Quesnel, F Ke^
as Fergusson Pyhus, and Miss N. Boucicai.
as Elaine Shrimpton; first performed
America at the Lyceum Theatre, New Yoi
December 29, 1894, with Herbert Kelc
(Kato), Stephen Grattan, and ;Miss Isal;
Irving (Lady Susan) in the leading part
performed in London and elsewhere in Er|
land with W. :Mackintosh as Kato and M-
May Blayney as Lady Susan,
Casilda. (1) A character in 'T
Duke's Motto' (q.v.). (2) Maid of horn
in C. Webb's 'Ruv Bias' (q.v.). (3)
character in W. S. Gilbert's 'GondoUe
(q.v.).
Casket (The). (1) A comedy, transla
from the ' Cistellaria ' of Plautus by Eicha_
Warner (1772). (2) A ballad opera, mi ■
by Mozart, performed at Drury Lane
May, 1829.
CASKET
CASTE
Casket. A character in Douglas Jer-
OLD'S ' Beau Nash' {q.v.).
Cassandra. Daughter of Priam, and
rophetess, in (1) Shakespeare's ' Troilus
id Cressida' {q.v.) ; (2) in Dryden's 'Cleo-
enes' (g.w.) ; (3) in Thomson's ' Aganiem-
)n' {q.v.), (4) in Planchj^'s 'Love and
ortune' {q.v.).
Cassandra; or, The Virg-in Pro-
hetess. An opera, performed at the
tieatre Royal, and printed in 1692.
Cassibelan. A British general in Hop-
ins' ' Boadicea ' {q.v.)..,
Cassidy. (1) A corporal in Boucr-
.ULT'S 'Relief of Lucknow' {q.v.). (2)
ichael Cassidy figures in Phillips's 'Poor
rollers' {q.v.). (3) Cassidy in H. J.
[I'RON'S * Old Soldier' {q.v.).
fCassilane. Father of Annophel in
fSAUMOM and Fletcher's 'Laws of
jmdy ' {q.v.).
[Cassilda. A drama founded on ' Le
isndu' of Bourgeois and iNLvssox, per-
jrmed at the Surrey Theatre, London.
iCassio, Michael. Lieutenant to
hello in SHAKESPEARE'S tragedy {q.v.).
e Bianca.
Sassiope. Queen of Ethiopia in W.
lOUGH's 'Perseus and Andromeda' {q.'.).
ZJassius. Friend of Brutvs, and a con-
irator, in Shakespeare's 'Julius C;esar'
v.). Ccesar tlescribes his character in
: i. sc. 2—
" He reads much ;
He is a great observer, and he looks
Quite through the deeds of men."
jast Adrift. A drama in four acts, by
: Palgkave and F. Glover (first per-
:raed at Bristol, February 27), produced
inSadler's Wells Theatre, April 8, 18S2.
' Cast away care ; he that loves
ijrrow." First line of a drinking song
I Ford and Dekker's ' Sun's Darling '
" Money is trash ; and he that will spend it.
Let liim drink merrily, Fortune will send it."
vast on the World. A drama by
ILIOT Galer, first performed at the Royal
<!era House, Leicester, on October 4.
3)5.
' Cast our caps and cares away."
1st line of a song in Fletcher's ' Beggar's !
hh'{q.v.)-
"This is beggar's holiday."
^/astabella, in Tourneur's 'Atheist's
-'gedy' {q.v.), is in love with Charlcmont.
.3astaboi\t,Chloe. A village gossip
iWiLKs's ' Woman's Love' {q.v.).
Jastalio. Brother of Polydore in Ot-
\Y's 'Orphan' {q.v.).
Jastara; or, Cruelty without
J.St. A play entered on the books of the
•■ tioners' Company in 1653.
Castaways (The). A duologue in one
act, byTHEYRE Smith (g'.t;.), first performed
at St. James's Theatre, London, June 10,
1885.
Caste. A comedy in three acts, by T.
W. Robertson {q.v.), founded on a short
story contributed by him to a volume
called 'Rates and Taxes' (1866), and first
performed at the Prince of Wales's Theatre,
London, on April 6, 1867, with Miss Marie
Wilton as Polly Eccles, Miss Lydia Foote as
Esther Eccles, Miss S. Larkin as the Marquise
de St. Maur, S. B. Bancroft as Captain Haiv-
tree, F. Younge as the Hon. George D'Alroy,
G. Honey as old Eccles, J. Hare as Sam
Gerridge ; first performed in America at the
Broadway Theatre, New York, in August,
1867, with W J. Florence as D'Alroy, Owen
Marlowe as Haivtree, W. P. Davidge as
Eccles, E. Lamb as Gerridge, Mrs. G. H.
Gilbert as the Marqtdse, Mrs. W. J. Florence
as Polly, and Mrs. F. S. Chanfrauas Esther;
first performed in the English provinces in
the same year, with F. Younue as D'Alroy, C.
F Coghlan as Haivtree, J. W. Ray as Eccles,
F. Glover as Gerridge, Mrs. Buckingham
White as the Marquise, Miss A. Dyas as
Esther, and Miss B. Harding as Polly ; re-
vived at the Prince of Wales's Theatre,
London, in 1868, with H. J. Montagu as
D'Alroy ; revived at the Fifth Avenue The-
atre, New York, November, 1869, with Mrs.
F. S. Chanfrau as Esther, Miss F. Davenport
as Polly, Mrs. Gilbert as the Marquise, G.
Clarke as D'Alroy, J. B. Polk as Haivtree,
W. Davidge as Eccles, J. Lewis as Gerridge ;
revived at the Prince of Wales's, London,
in September, 1871, with C. F. Coghlan as
George D'Alroy and Mrs. Leigh Murray as the
Marquise ; revived at theiPrince of Wales's,
London, in January, 1879, with Mrs. Ban-
croft as Polly, Miss Amy Roselle as Esther,
]\Iiss Le Thiere as the Marquise, S. B. Ban-
croft as Haivtree, G. Honey as Eccles, Arthur
Cecil as Gerndge, John Clayton as D'Alroy ;
at the Haymarket in January, 1883, with
.Mrs. Bancroft as Polly, Miss Gerard as
Esther, Mrs. Stirling as the Marquise, David
James as Eccles, S. B. Bancroft as Haivtree,
C. Brookfield as Gerridge, H. B. Conway as
D'Alroy ; at the Bijou Theatre, New York, in
1883, with H. M. Pitt as Captain Haivtree ; at
New York in 1887, with O. Tearle as D'Alroy,
Miss Coghlan as Esther, Miss Gerard as
Polly, and C. Groves as Eccles ; at the Cri-
terion Theatre, London, in October, 1889,
with D. James as Eccles, C. Brookfield a&
Gerridge, Miss L. Venne as Polly, Miss Olga
Brandon as Esther, L. Boyne as D'Alroy,
A. Elwood as Haivtree, and Mrs. Charles
Poole as the Marquise; at Terry's Theatre
on the afternoon of May 21, 1891, with E.
Rightonas Eccles, P. Cunningham as i)'J.^roy,
Miss V. Raye as Esther, Miss Olga Garland
as Polly, and Miss F. Coleman as the Mar-
quise ; at the Garrick Theatre in February,
1S94, with Forbes Robertson as D'Alroy,
W. L. Abingdon as Haivtree, G. W. Anson
as Eccles, Gilbert Hare as Gerridge, ISIiss
R. Leclercq as the Marquise, Miss May
Harvey as Polly, and Miss K. Rorke as
I
CASTELLAN'S OATH
CASTLE SPECTRE
Esther ; in the English provinces and after-
wards at the Grand Theatre, Ishngton, in
1896, with John Hare as Eccles, G. Hare as
Gerridge, F. Gillmore as D'Alroy, F. Kerr as
Haivtr^e, Miss M. Harvey as Polly, Miss
Mona K. Oram as Esther, and Miss S.
Vaughan as the Marquise; at the Court
Theatre, London, June, 1897, and the Globe
Theatre, INIarch, 1899 ; at the Haymarket,
April, 1902, with Miss Winifred Emery as
Esther, Miss Marie Tempest as Polly, Miss
Genevieve Ward as the Marquise, Cyril
Maude as Eccles, A. AynesworthasD'^^ro?/,
B. Thomas as Hauiree, G. Giddens as
Gerridge; Criterion Theatre, May, 1903.
Miss Ada Rehan has played Esther Eccles
in America, and Polly has been played there
by Miss Effie Germon. In the English
provinces Eccles was represented by J.
Clarke, R. W. Younge, J. F. Young, and
others ; Esther by Miss Fanny Addison,
Miss Jane Rigno'ld, Miss Gerard, etc. ;
Polly, for many years, by Miss E. Brunton
(Robertson) ; the' Marquise by Miss Fanny
Robertson and Miss Fanny Coleman ; Cap-
tain Hawtree by Craven Robertson (q.v.) ;
D'Alroy by H. M. Pitt, E. D. Ward, G.
Alexander, etc.
Castellan's Oatli (The). A melodrama
performed at Co vent Garden Theatre in
June, 1S24, with T. P. Cooke as the
Castellan.
Castilian (The). A tragedy in five
acts, by T. N. Talfourd {q.v.), printed
in 1853.
Castilian Noble (The) and the Con-
trabandista. A melodrama by J. Oxen-
ford (q.v.), performed at the Adelphi in
'October, 1835, with Mrs. Keeley in the cast.
Casting- the Boomerang-. A comedy
in four acts, adapted by AUGUSTix Daly
iq.v.) from Franz von Schonthan's ' Schwa-
benstreich ; ' first performed in England at
Toole's Theatre, London, on July 19, 1834,
with a cast including James Lewis, John
Drew, Charles Leclercq, William Gilbert,
Otis Skinner, Miss Ada Rehan, Miss May
Fielding, Miss Virginia Dreher, and Mrs. G,
H. Gilbert ; revived in June, 1890, at the
Xvceum Theatre.with Lewis, Drew, Leclercq,
M"rs. Gilbert, and Miss Rehan as before.
See HuRLY-BURLY and Seven-a>,'D-Twenty-
ElGHT.
Casting- "Vote (The). An election-
eering squib, "in one bang," libretto
t)y Walter Helmore, music by Walter
Slaughter. Prince's Theatre, London, Octo-
ber 7, 1SS5.
Castle Grim. An opera, words by R.
Reece (g-r ), music by G. Allen, Royalty
Theatre, London, September 2, 1865.
Castle of Andalusia (The). See
Banditti, The ; or. Love's Labyrinth.
Castle of Ayraon (The); or, The
Four Brothers. An opera, music by M.
W. Balfe iq.v.), first performed (as ' Les
Quatre Fils Aymon ') at the Opera Comique,
Paris, July 15*, 1844 ; at the Princess's The-
atre, London, November 20, 1844.
Castle of Como (The). See Lady of
Lyons, The.
Castle of Montval (The). A tragedy
in five acts, by the Rev. T. S. Whalley, first
performed at Drury Lane on April 23, 1799.
Castle of Morsino (The). A drama
in three acts, by W. Loveday, 1312.
Castle of Otranto (The). A "romantic
extravaganza" in one act, written by Gil-
bert Abbott a Beckett (?.r.), in travesty
of Horace Walpole's story of the same name,
and first performed at the Haymarket on
April 24, 1S4S, with Keeley as Manfred,
J. Bland as Vincenza, Caultield as Odonto,
I\Irs. W. Cliflford as Hipiyolita, Mrs. Caulfield
as Matilda, Miss P. Horton as TAeodore, and I
Miss Reynolds as Isabella.
Castle of Paluzzi (The). A drama |
by Raymond, jun., Covent Garden, May 27,
1818.
Castle of Perseverance (The). Aj
morality, temp. Henry VI., showing, first,
how Bonus and Malus Angelus contend for
the possession of Humanum Genus; how,
Malus Genus being victorious, Bonus An-
gelus, aided by Confessio and Penitencia,
establish Humanum Genus in the Castle of,
Perseverance, which, besieged by the Seven:
Deadly »Sins, led by Mundus, Belyal, and:
Caro. is successfully defended by the Seven-
Cardinal Virtues. In his old age, however,]
Humanum Genus is drawn from the castle-
by the wiles of Avaritia, and, dying, is,
carried before Pater Sedens in Judicio, bj;
whom, on the appeal of Misericordia, he is
forgiven.
Castle of Sorrento (The). A comic
opera in two acts, words by Henry Heart
"S\'ELL, music by Attwood ; founded on ' L(
Prisonnier ; on. La Ressamblance,' and firs
performed at the Haymarket in July, 1799. •
Castle of Wonders (The\ A " dra
matic romance," Drury Lane, March, 1819.
Castle Sombras. A play by H
Greenough - Smith and Felix Mans
FIELD, first performed in America at th
Opera House, Chicago, November 12, 189(
by a company including Richard Mansfield;
Castle Spectre (The). A romanti'
drama in three acts, by M. G. Lewis {q.v.
first performed at Drury Lane on Decembc
14, 1797, with Barrvmore as Earl Osmoru-
Wroughton as Eaii Reginald, Kemble {'
Percy, Palmer as Father Philip, Bannistt,
as Motley, Aickin as Kenric, Mrs. Jordan i
Angela, Mrs. Walcot as Alice, and Mr.
PoM-ell as the Spectre of Evelina ; revived ;
the Havmarket in 1S03, Covent Garden
1804, 1809, and 1812 ; performed at Phil
delphia, U.S.A., in 1S12, with Mrs. Duff
Angela ; revived at the Haymarket in 18]
Covent Garden in 1S13, and Drury Lane
1322 ; at the Citv of Loudon Theatre in 184.
with Charles Dillon and Mrs. Yarnold in t
cast ; at the Marvlebone Theatre in 1844 ; '
Sadler's Wells in 1849 ; and at the Gait
Theatre, London, on May 5, 1880, with J
CASTLES IX THE AIR
261
CATCHING AN HEIRESS
Jeveridge as Earl Osmond, J. B. Johnstone
1,3 Earl Reginald, Crawford as Percy, J. L.
[jhine as Father Philip, W. Elton as Motley,
\ Squire as Kenric Miss Lonise Willes as
l^ngela, Mrs. Leigh as Alice, and Miss Hob-
ion as the Spectre. ''Earl Osmond— the
'iUain of the piece— after distinguishing
imself in certain Scottish "wars of an un-
[nown period, has caused his elder brother
ind his brother's wife and child to be
iiurdered, and has usurped Conway Castle,
/ith all the property belonging to it. By
•ne of those interpositions peculiar to
ramas, the brother and child were saved—
ae lady only having fallen a victim to
rovide a good ghost for the story. The
rother, loaded with chains, and fed upon
read and water, has been immured for
xteen years in one of Earl Esmond's dun-
:eons without the earl knowing it ; the
'liler being a satisfied dependant, who is a
;range compound of greediness, cnielty,
Ismorse, and pity. The child— a little girl—
p,s grown up into the beautiful Angela, a
iipposed cottager's daughter, outside the
Lstle gates, and has excited the worthy
ve of Percy, Earl of Northumberland, and
le unworthy love of the villain, Earl
imond. Falling into the power of the
llain, this young lady becomes the main-
)ring of the drama— one party in Conway
(istle struggling to keep her ; tlie other
(irty, outside the castle, struggling to
scue her" (John Hollingshead, ' Foot-
';hts,' 1S83).
Castles in the Air. A comedietta by
M. Rae (q v.), first performed at the
ludevilie Theatre, London, December 26,
70, with a cast including H. Howe, C. W,
irthorne, and Miss Kate Bishop.
Castlewood, Lady Rachel and
3atrix, are characters in W. (J. AVili.s's
aptation of Tha,ckeray's 'Esmond ' iq.v.).
Castro, Agnes de. See Agnes de
STRO.
Clastruccio. Favourite of the King of
'ples in Beaumont and Fletcher's
cable Marriage ' (jr.).
!3astruccio ; or, The Deformed. A
'ima by Edgar Newbound, Britannia
'eatre, London, July 24, 1878.
pasual Acquaintance. A play, in a
Jilogue and three acts, by J. F. Cooke,
"iifalgar Square Theatre, London, May 25.
13.
Jaswallon ; or, The Briton Chief.
^;ragedy by Walker, performed at Drury
■lie, January, 1829, >vith Young in the title
1 1.
-at and the Cherub (The). A play
QChmese life by Chester Bailey Fer-
JpD, first performed at Hammerstein's
t;mpia Music Hall, New York, September
^ 1897 ; produced at the Lyric Theatre.
lulon, October 30, 1897.
iat's Eye (The). A faicical comedy
by Edward Rose (q.v.), New Theatre,
Oxford, May 22, 1893.
Cat's in the Larder (The) ; or, The
Maid with the Parasol. A travesty
of 'La Gazza Ladra; or. The Maiden of
Paillaisseau,' first performed at Mitchell's
Olympic Theatre, New York, on December
24, 1840, with Mitchell as Fernamlo.
Cataract of the Ganges (The) ; or.
The Rajah's Daughter. A " romantic
melodrama " by W. T. Moncrieff (?.v.), first
performed at Drury Lane Theatre on Oc-
tober 27, 1823, with Younge as the Rajah of
Guzerat, Miss L. Kelly as Zamine (his
daughter), AVallack as Mokarra (the Grand
Brahmin), S. Penley as Iran, Harley as
Jack Robinson, etc. Mokarra, wishing to
marry Zamine, carries her to a wood near
the cataract ; she is, however, rescued by
Iran, her lover, Mokarra being shot by
Robinson. " Moncrieff says, in his advertise-
ment, that he wrote [the play] by Elliston's
desire, for the sake of introducing horses
and a cataract. Jack Robinson, who affects
to imitate Robinson Crusoe on all occasions,
is a contemptible character " (Genest). The
play was revived at Drury Lane (revised by
E. L. Blanchard) on March 3, 1873, with
Brittain Wright as Robinson, H. Rignold as
Mokajee, J. Johnstone as the Rajah, J. C.
Cowper as Mokarra, F. Charles as Iran,
Miss Seymour as Ubra, and Miss P:dith
Stuart as Zamine; at the Grand Opera
House, New York, by Augustin Daly, in
1872-73, with Mrs. John Wood as Polly
Persimmons. See D. Cook's 'Nights at the
Play ' (1883).
Catarina. The Princess in Planche's
'White Ca.t'(q.v.).
Catcall, Sir Critic. The name under
which D'L'RFEY, in a preface to his ' Ban-
ditti'(g.r.), ridicules some person unknowTi.
Catch a Weasel. A farce in one act,
by J. Maddison Morton (q.v.), first per-
formed at the Strand Theatre, London, on
March 17, 1802, with 'Jurner as ^'upki7^s,
Poynter as Dr. Wapshott, J. Rogers as
Tompkins Tipthorpe, and Miss Carson as
Lydia Nupkins.
Catch him -w^ho Can. A musical
farce in two acts, words by Theodore Hook
{q.v.), music by Hook, sen., first performed
at the Haymarket in June, 1806.
Catching a Mermaid. "Anamphi-
bious piece of extravagance," in one act, by
J. Stirling Coyne (g.r.), first performed at
the Olympic Tlieatre, London, on October
20, 1855, with F. Robson as Titus Tuffins (a
showman). Miss Stephens as Mrs. Tvjfins,
and Miss Bromley as Polly. The other cha-
racters are Jim Junifer (clown), Simon
Lilyivhite, and Mr. Foggo. E. L. Blanchard
speaks of Robson's singing of ' Country
Fair ' as a " wonderful achievement." The
piece was played at the Adelphi Theatre in
May, 1859, as ' The Talking Fish.'
Catching an Heiress. A farce by
Charles .Selby {q.v.), performed at the
CATCHPENNY
262
CATLEY
Queen's Theatre, ^^•ith Beeve as an ostler
,fho counterfeits a German baron. Robson
played in it at the Olympic in March, ISoS.
Catchpenny, in Colman'S 'Suicide'
^''catesby, Sir William A character
in SHAKESPEARE'S ' Kicliard in. (g V.)-
Tata-ut Dr., in Foote's 'Commissary'
(.y.r.xS a 'satire 'upon Dr. Arne. the com-
poser (q.v.).
Catharine. A drama in one act, by
CecTl FiTZROY, Novelty Theatre, London,
March 22, 1S97.
Cathcart, James F. Actor, born 1828,
died 1902 ; made his first appearance as the
boy in ' Pizarro ' (q.v.). After some country
training he was engaged by Charles Kean
for the Princess's Theatre, London, where
he made his metropolitan djbutmbeviem-^
ber, 1850, as Sebastian in ' Twelfth N ight.
Laertes, Malcolm in ' ^Jacbeth,' Albany in
' Lear,' Lorenzo in ' The Merchant of } enice,
Alonzo in 'Pizarro,' Charles Oakley \n ^ Ihe
Jealous Wife,' Nemours in ' Louis XL, and
other such rdZes, followed. Cathcart was also
an the original cast of Jerrold's Heart ot
Gold' (1854). He afterwards accompanied
Kean to Drury Lane, to play such parts as
Stukely in ' The Gamester ' (1861), After this
came (1863-66) tours with Kean m Australia
and America. In 1876 Cathcart appeared at
Drury Lane with Barry Sullivan (with whom
he was associated for some years as
leading "support" and stage director) as
Banquo, Henry YI. in 'Richard III.,
etc. His latest appearances were made in
Australia.
Cathcart, Rowley [Rolleston] Actor,
boVn at Chichester, 1S32 ; died 1896 ; after
some provincial experience, made his Lon-
don dbut at the Princess's Theatre in Sep-
tember, 1850, as the Second Flayer m
'Hamlet.' He remained connected with
the Princess's for eighteen years, under the
successive managements of Charles Kean,
Augustus Harris, and George \ining. During
that period he played such parts as The
Prince of Morocco and Laiincelot Gobbo in
- The Merchant of Venice.' He was engaged
later at the Globe, the Queen's, the Prince
of Wales's, the Court, the St. James s, and
the Garrick Theatres.-His daughter Maud
Cathcart, made her professional^ debut, m
1878 at the Court as the original Polly
Flamborough in 'Olivia' (q-v.).^ S;he was
afterwards at the Folly, the St. James s
the Savov, and the Olympic, and played
Nita in ' Nita's First ' in New York.
Catherick, Anne. See Wom.^n in
White.
Catherine. (1) Daughter of the Di/A-^
in Knowles's 'Love' {q.v.). (2) ^^ ife of
Mathia^ in 'The Bells' {q.v.) and 'The
Polish Jew ' {q.v.).
Catherine. A comedy in four acts,
by HENRI L.^vedan (Comedie Frangaise,
January 24, 1S9S), first performed in English
at the Garrick Theatre, New \ork, October
24 1898, with Miss Annie Russell in the title
part and Mrs. S. C. Le Moyne as the Duchesse
de Contras.
Catherine and Petruchio. See
Taming of the Shrew The.
Catherine Douglas. A tragedy by
Sir Arthur Helps, published in 1843.
Catherine Grey. An opera, libretto
by Alfred Binn, music by M. ^\ . Balfe,
first performed at Drury Lane Theatre,
London, on May 27, 1837, with a cast in-
eluding the composer, Seguin, S. Jones,
Miss Romer, and :Miss Rainforth.
Catherine Howard, the Fifth
Wife of Henry yill. A drama by
Alexandre Dumas, adapted to the Enghsh
stage, successively, by W. E. Suter (5.1-.), F..
Phillips {q.v.), and John Colem.\n {q.v.).
An adaptation Avas performed at New Or;
leans, U.S.A., in December, 1891. A versior
by Mrs. Bandmann-Palmer, entitled' Cathe
rine Howard ; or. The Tomb, the Throne
and the Scaflfold,' was produced at ^\ eymoutl
on January 2, 1892. ' Catherine Howard
or Under a Crimson Crown,' a play m fou
acts by Ken yon Lyle, was brought out a
the Queen's Theatre, Glasgow, on Augus
15, 1S98. See Ambition.
Osbaldiston as Peter the Great.
Catiline. (D ' Catiline's Conspiracy:
a play by Stephen Gosson, mentioned b:
him in his ' School of Abuse ' (1579). (2.
' Catiline's Conspiracy : ' a play by Rober;
Wilson and Henry Chettle, performed ^
1598. (3) ' Catiline, his Conspiracy : a trs
gedy bv Ben Jonson, printed in 1611.
was revived at the Theatre Royal m 166i.
with Hart as Catiline, Burt as Cicero, an
Mrs. Corey as Sempronia. Pepys, who wi
nessed this performance, thought the tn
gedy "a play of much good sense an
words to read, but that do appear the wor
upon the stage, I mean the least divertin.
that ever I saw any." " Jonson has m tbi
as in almost aU his works, made great u.
of the ancients. His Sylla's ghost at tl,
opening of this play is an evident copy fro
that of Tantalus at the beginning of seneca
'Thvestes,' and much is also transiau
from Sallust through the course of tc
piece " (' Biogi-aphia Dramatica ). '^3,
line's Conspiracy,'." says Hazlitt, is spj,
out to an excessive length with _ Cicen
artificial and affected orations agamstta
line, and in praise of himself His apolog
for his own eloquence, and declaration th
in all his art he uses no art at all, put 0
in mind of Polonius's circuitou.s way_
coming to the front." (4) ' Catihne :
tragedv by George Croly {q.v.), printed
1822. For plot and criticism, see Gene.
' English Stage '" (1832).
Catley, Anne. Vocalist and actre
born 1745,' died 1789; the daughter 0
coachman and a washerwoman ; began 1
CATO
CATO OF UTICA
career by singing in public-houses, and
early in her teens was apprenticed to a
teacher of vocalism. She made her first
public appearance at Vauxhall Gardens in
1762, figuring at Covent Garden Theatre
later in the year as the Pastoral Nymph in
an adaptation of ' Comus ' (q.v.). " She was
' at this period," we read, " remarkable for
little more than the beauty of her person,
■ and a diffidence in public which she soon
got rid of." Becoming the pupil of Macklin,
the actor, she obtained, through his in-
fluence, an engagement at Dublin, where
she was very popular. In 1770 she re-
appeared at Covent Garden as Rosetta in
'Love in a Village ' (g.v). In 1773, at the
same theatre, she was the original Juno in
O'Hara's ' Golden Pippin' (g. v.), making a
particular success in the songs beginning
' Push about the Jorum ' and 'Where's the
mortal can resist me?' She retired from
the stage in 1784. "She had always been
, attentive to economy, and had amassed a
I considerable fortune" ('Thespian Dic-
tionary,' 1805). " She is said to have been
married to General Lascelles, at whose
house near Brentford she died " (' Eccentric
Biography,' 1803). "She had a great deal
(Of stage impudence," says Genest, " but it
does not appear that she ever incurred the
'displeasure of the audience." O'Keefe says :
I" She was one of the most beautiful women
[l ever saw ; the expression of her eyes and
ithe smiles and dimples that played around
'her lips and cheeks were enchanting "
;' Recollections,' 1826). Boaden, in his
■Life of Mrs. Siddons,' .says that Miss
Catley's singing was "of unequalled animal
spirits ; it was Mrs. Jordan's comedy carried
nto music." See (in addition to tlie autho-
•ities above mentioned) ' Memoirs of the
;elebrated Miss Ann C y ' (1773) and ' The
^ife and Memoirs of the late Miss Ann
patley, the Celebrated Actress ' (1789).
! Cato. A tragedy in five acts, by
■OSEPH Addison {q.v.), first performed at
)rury Lane Theatre, April 14, 1713, with
5ooth as Cato, Cibber as Syphax, Wilks as
'uba, Powell as Fortius, Mills as Sempro-
ii(S, Ryan as Marcus, Bowman as Deems,
Zeen as Lucius, INIrs. Oldfield as Marcia,
pd Mrs. Porter as Lucia. "Nine years
jefore it was acted," writes Cibber, " I had
fie pleasure of .reading the first four acts
vhich was all of it then written) privately
ith Sir Richard Steele. ... He told me,
hatever spirit Mr. Addison had shewn in
is writing it, he doubted he would never
p-ve courage enough to let his ' Cato ' stand
jie censure of an English audience— that it
id only been the amusement of his leisure
3urs in Italy, and was never intended for
le stage. ... In the latter end of Queen
nne's reign, when our national politicks
id changed hands, the friends of Mr.
klison then thought it a proper time to
limate the publick with the sentiments of
'ato ; ' in a word, their importunities were
0 warm to be resisted, and it was no
oner finish'd than hurried to the stage."
bber (who was then a manager as Avell as
actor) continues : " As the author had made
us a present of whatever profits he might
have claimed from it, we thought ourselves
obliged to spare no cost in the proper decora-
tions of it." The result was a great popular
and pecuniary success, "The deficiencies
of ' Cato ' as an acting play were," -wTites
Courthope, "more than counterbalanced by
the violence of party spirit, which insisted
on investing the comparatively tame senti-
ments assigned to the Roman champions
of liberty Avith a pointed modern applica-
tion." As Pope wrote to Trumbull : "The
numerous and violent claps of the Whig
party on the one side of the theatre were
echoed back by the Tories on the other."
The play 'ran' for the period, then un-
precedented, of thirty-five nights ; so that
at the close of the theatre each of the three
' managing actors ' found themselves the
richer by £1350. The epilogue was written
by Sir Samuel Garth. In the prologue
Pope said of the author and his work—
"There tears shall flow . . .
Such tears as patriots shed for dying laws-
He bids your breasts with ancient ardour rise.
And calls forth Roman drops from British eyes.
Virtue contessed in human shape he draws.
What Plato thought and god-like Cato was."
" Of ' Cato,' " says Dr. Johnson, " it has not
been unjustly determined that it is rather a
poem in dialogue than a drama : rather a
succession of just sentiments in elegant
language than a representation of natural
affections." *' The character of Cato," writes
W. J. Courthope, ' is an abstraction, round
which a number of other lay figures are
skilfully grouped. . . . Juba, the virtuous
young prince of Numidia ; Fortius and
Marcus, Cato's virtuous sons ; and Marcia,
his virtuous daughter, are all equally ad-
mirable and equally lifeless." The play was
revived at Covent Garden in January, 1734,
with Quin as Cato and with Marcus and
Juba omitted ; at the same theatre in
November, 1754, with Sheridan as Cato, Mrs.
Bellamy as Marcia, and Syphax omitted ; at
Drury Lane in December, 1756, with Mossop
as Cato and Mrs. Pritchard as Marcia; at
the Haymarket in August, 1777, with Digges
as Cato ; at Drury Lane in April, 1784, with
Kemble as Cato ; at Covent Garden in May,
1797, with Pope as Cato and Macready as
Marcus ; at the same theatre in December,
1802, with Cooke as Cato ; and at the same
theatre in January, 1811, with C. Kemble as
Juba, Mrs. H. Johnston as Marcia, and Miss
S. Booth as Lucia. In this last instance,
the play, says Genest, "was very properly
revived with change of scenes, in order to
obviate the absurdities in which Addison
had involved himself by making the whole
play pass in Cato's great hall." The play was
performed in New York in September and
October, 1750 ; in March, 1768, with Mrs.
Hallam as Lucia; in February, 1794, with
Hallara as Cato ; and in October, 1837, with
Vandenhoff as Cato, H. Wallack as Syphax,
J. Wallack, jun., as Juba, and Mrs. Rogers
as Lucia.
Cato of TJtica. A tragedy translated
from the French of Deschamps, and per-
CATO THE YOUNGER
264
CAVALIER
foniied three times at Lincoln's Inn Fields
in 1716.
Cato the Young-er. Friend of Brutus
and Cassius in Shakespeare's ' Julius
C?esar ' (^.r.).
Catspaw, in Burnand's 'Der Frei-
schutz.'
Catspaw (The). (1) A comedy by
Douglas Jerrold (q.v.), first performed at
the Haymarket Theatre, London, on May 9,
1S50, -with J. B. Euckstone as Appleface, W.
Webster as Coolcard, and Mrs. Keeley as
Rosemary. (2) A drama by Fred Jarmax,
Royal Albany Theatre, Durham, November
3, isSo. (3)' A comedy adapted by Max
O'Rell from ' Le Voyage de M. Perrichon,'
and tirst performed at'the Griswold Opera
House, Troy, New York, October 14, 1895.
Cattarina. A comic opera in two acts,
libretto by R. Reece, music by F. Clay, first
performed at the Prince's Theatre, Man-
chester, on August 17, 1S74 ; first played
in London at the Charing Cross Theatre on
May 15, 1S75, %^ith Miss Kate Santley in the
title part, E. Rosenthal as Duke Valerio, and
H. Walsham as Fabian.
Cattle King- (The). A drama in five
acts, first performed in America ; produced
at the Mun caster Theatre, Bootle, January 2,
1S96.
Caug-ht. (1) A comedietta in one act,
by Thomas Se.nnett, first performed at the
Theatre Royal, Sunderland, September 21,
18S3. (2) A comedy-drama in three acts,
adapted by Stanislaus Calhaem(3.i'.), per-
formed at the Comedy Theatre, June 29,
1SS6.
Caught and Cag-ed. An operetta,
libretto by J. Palgrave Simpson (q.v.).
Caught at Last. (1) A drama by
Nelson Lee (q.v.), produced at the City of
London Theatre at Easter, 1864. (2) A co-
medietta, performed at the St. James's
Theatre, London, December 20, 1S73.
Caug-ht hy the Cuff. A farce by
Frederick Hay (,q.v.).
Caug-ht by the Ears. A "farcical
extravaganza" in one act, by C. SELEY(g.v.),
first performed at the Strand Theatre, Lon-
don, on May 30, 1S59.
Caug-ht in a Line ; or, The Un-
rivalled Blondin. A " pi^ce de circon-
stance" in one scene by C. Bolton, first
performed at the Strand Theatre, Loudon,
on March 3, 1S62, with J. Clarke as Willia ni
Buggleton, and other parts by Povnter,
Turner, Miss Fanny Josephs, and :Mis3
La vine.
Caug-ht in a Trap. (1) A comedy in
two acts, first performed at the Haymarket
Theatre, London, on November 25, 1S43, with
a cast including B. Webster, J. B. Buck-
stone, H. Holl, Miss Julia Bennett, and Mrs.
Nisbett. (2) A comeily in three acts and
in blank verse, by H. HoLL (q.v.), first per-
formed at the Princess's Theatre, London',
on February 8, 1860, bv George Melville,
F :Matthews, R. Cathcart, H. Saker, Mrs.
AVeston, Miss Carlotta Leclercq, etc.—
' Caught in his own Trap : ' a comedietta by
George Roberts (q.v.).
Caught in the Toils. An adapta-
tion by John Brougham (q.v.) of Miss
Braddon's novel, ' Only a Clod,' first per-
formed at the St. James's Theatre, London,
on October 14, 1865, with Miss Herbert as
Julia Desiixond, Walter Lacy as Francis Tre-
dethlyn, and Belton as Roderick Lowther.
Caug-ht Out. An adaptation by Flo-
RENCE Bright of 'Die Kunstreiterin,' first
performed at the St. George's Hall, London,
in July, 1888. See CiRCUS Rider and Fair
Equestrienne.
Caulfield, John. A performer at
Drury Lane and the Haymarket ; died 1815 ;
notable for his imitations of actors, which
led Colman, jun., to write for him tht
role of Apeu-ell in ' New Hay in the OU
Market' (5. r.) (1795).
Caulfield, Louisa. Actress ; bort.
1822, died September, 1870 ; at one timei
popular in burlesque; was the origina:.
Ellen Brooks in Palgrave Simpson's ' Blact
Sheep' (g.i-.).
Cause Celebre, TJne. See Proof.
Caustic. (1) A character in ' The Wa;
to get Married' (5. r.). (2) "A gentlemai;
upon town," in Selby's ' Spanish Dancers:
(q.v.).
Cautherley. Actor ; appeared at Drur;'
Lane Theatre in 1765 in ' George Barnwell ;
was a great favourite in Dublin about 177S.
Cautley, Laurence. Actor ; was ii
the original casts of ' ^Moths' (1SS2), 'Twins.
(1884), 'The Red Lamp' (1887), ' Marion d
Lorme' (18^7), ' Partners ' (1888), ' The Lev,
that Kills' (IS^S), 'Woodbarrow Farm
(18881, 'The Union Jack' (1888), 'Esthe
Sandraz' (1S89), 'Quicksands' (1890), '01<
Friends ' (18901, ' A Trip to Chicago ' (Lon
don, 1893), 'The Duchess of Coolgardie
(1896), etc.
Cavalier (The). (1) A play in three act
and in blank verse, by Charles Whixehea
(q.v), first performed at the Haymarke
Theatre, London, on September 15, 183(
with VandenhofF in the title part (Captai
Rargra ve). Miss Ellen Tree as Mrs. Hargrav
and J. Vining and Elton in other parts ; pe:
formed in STew York in November, 1847
with Pitt as Margrave and Mrs. Abbott a
Mrs. Harqrave; revived at Sadler's Wei
on Septeuiber 20 and 21, 1850, with Georg
Bennett as Hargrove, Charles Wheatleig
as Lord Moreton, Miss Eliza Travers as Mr
Hargrave, Miss Marston a.^ Mrs. Maynaro
at the Lyceum, on November 3, 1856, wit
C. Dillon as Hargrave, Mrs. Dillon as Mr
Hargrave, and Mrs. White as Mrs. Maynar.,
The role of Hargrave was also played i
various times by E. L. Davenport, H. Ma
ston, S. Butler, H. Hughes, Denvil, E. .
CAVALIER OF FRANCE
265
CECIL
Savile, and others. (2) A play in one act,
bv Justin Huntly McCarthy, Theatre
iRoyal, Belfast, April 19, 1894. (3) The
title of an American adaptation of a play
by D'Ennery (q.v.).
Cavalier of France (A). See Queen's
Garter, The.
Cavalleria Rusticana. This opera,
by Mascagm, was first performed -with an
EnsHsh libretto at the Grand Theatre,
Islington, on April 9, 1894-
Cave, Joseph Arnold. Theatrical
manager and actor ; began public life at
nine years of age at the Pavilion Theatre,
Portman Market, and, after figuring for
years as actor, singer, and dancer at the
Apollo, Bower, Britannia, and other
" saloons" (including Evans's), and as actor
at the Marylebone, Deptford, Grecian, Gar-
rick, and other theatres, became, in 1858,
manager of the Marylebone Theatre, where
he remained for nearly ten years. He was
ithe director successively of the Sadler's
Wells, Surrey, Victoria (1867), Greenwich
1872), Marylebone (for the second time),
4.1hambra, and Elephant and Castle Theatres
-his rule at the Alhambra being notable for
;he production of ' Chilperic' (q.v.), ' Spec-
;resheim' {q.v.),an(\ 'Lord Bateman ' (q.v.).
kt the Imperial Theatre he produced two
pantomimes for Miss Litton. Of late years
ie has fulfilled numerous engagements as
ictor with Sir Augustus Harris and other
mtreproieurs. He is the author of ' The
Did Toll-House ' and some other dramas, .^"ee
A Jubilee of Dramatic Life and Incident
)f Joseph A. Cave,' edited by Robert Soutar
1892).
Cavendish, Ada. [Mrs. Frank Mar-
ihall]. Actress, born 1847, died October,
.895 ; made her first appearance in London
it the Royalty Theatre on August 31, 1863,
is Selina Squeers in ' The Pirates of Putney.'
5he afterwards figured at the same theatre
IS Venus in Burnand's ' Ixion ' (1863), Lady
\Iosty7i in his ' Madame Berliot's Ball ' (1863),
he Princess Superba in his ' Rucufelstilt-
kin (1864), and Ilippodamia in his *Piri-
hous'(1865) — all "first productions." Thence
;he went to the Haymarket, playing Emme-
ine in 'A Romantic Attachment' (1866).
3ere, in 1869, she represented Mrs. Finch-
eck in the first production of Robertson's
Home.' Her other original parts included
>[rs. Darlington in Halliday's 'For Love
r Money' (1870), Grace Eliot't in ]Marston's
Lamed for Life ' (1871), Mrs. Featherstone
a Cheltnam's ' Matchmaker ' (1871), Estelle
a Wills and Marston's 'Broken Spells'
1872), Pia de Tolomei in Marston's 'Put
0 the Test' (1873), Mercy Merrick in W.
^oUins's 'New Magdalen' (1873), Lady
Uancarty in Tom Taylor's play so named
1874), Miss Givilt in W, Collins's drama so
lamed (1876), Kathleen in 'The Queen of
:;onnaught '(1877), Lady Clare in Robert
.5uchanan's play so named (1SS3), Marie in
). G. Boucicault's 'Devotion' (1884), and
iphrodite in R. Buchanan's ' Bride of Love'
L890). She was also seen in London as Helen
Mar in Anderson's 'Scottish Chief (1866),
Marchesa San Pietro in P. Simpson's ' Marco
Spada ' (1870), Donna Diana in W. INIarston's
play so named (1871), Julia in the ' Hunch-
back ' (1872), Juliet (1873), Beatrice and Rosa-
lind (1875), Lady Teazle (1877), Blanche in
' Kerry ' (1878), Marie de Fontanges in ' Plot
and Passion ' (1881), Clara Douglas in
* Money ' (1882), and Marie in ' In his Power '
(1885). In September, 1878, she appeared at
the Broadway Theatre, New York, as Mercy
Merrick in the ' New INIagdalen,' and in 1880
she played Juliet and Lady Clancarty at the
Grand Opera House there. See F. C. Bur-
nand's 'Reminiscences of the Royalty'
(Theatre, February, 1896).
Cavendish, Margaret. See New-
castle, Duchess of.
Cavendish, William. See New-
castle, DUlvE OF.
Cawdell, James. Actor, manager,
and playwright, died January, 1800 ; was
for thirty years director and principal come-
dian of various theatres in North- Eastern
England, retiring from the stage in 1798.
He is described as "uncommonly skilful"
in characters of a " dry, eccentric cast."
He wrote several dramatic pieces. See
' Biographia Dramatica' (1812).
Cazauran, Aug-ustus R. American
playwright, died January 27, 1889 ; author of
' The Esmondes of Virginia ' (1SS6), ' The
Martyr' (1SS7), and other pieces.
Cead Mille Failthe. An Irish drama,
in prologue and three acts, by Mortimeu
MuKDOCK, East London Theatre, Decem-
ber 22, 1S77.
" Cease your funning-." Song ])y
Polly in Gay's 'Beggar's Opera,' act ii.
so. 1—
"Force or cunning
Never shall my heart trepan."
Cecil, Arthur [Blunt]. Actor, born
near London, 1843, died 1896 ; made his pro-
fessional debut (after experience as an
amateur) at the Gallery of Illustration,
London, on Easter :Monday, 1869, as Mr.
Churchmouse in 'No Cards"' (?.i\) and Box
in ' Cox and Box ' (q.v.). He was afterwards
the first representative of the following
parts :— At the Globe Theatre : Jonathan
Wagstaff in Gilbert's ' Committed for Trial'
(1874), and Mr, Justice Jones in Albery's
' "Wig and Gown ' (1874) ; at the Gaiety :
Duke Anatole in Reece and Lecocq's ' Island
of Bachelors ' (1875), and Charles in Byron's
'Oil and Vinegar' (1875); at the Globe:
Dr. Dowmvard in Wilkie Collins's 'Miss
Gwilt' (1876); at the Haymarket: Chapuis
in Tom Taylor's 'Anne Boleyn' (1876); at
the Prince of Wales's : Sir Woodbine Grafton
in ' Peril ' (1876), the Rev. Noel Haygarth in
' The Vicarage ' (1877), and Baron Stein in
' Diplomacy ' (1878) ; at the Haymarket :
John Stratford in 'Odette' (1882); at the
Court : Lord Dawlish in ' Picking up the
Pieces ' (1882), the Hon. P. Chivers in ' Com-
rades ' (1882), Connor Hcnnessy in ' The
Rector' (1883), Mr. Guyon in 'The Mil-
11
CEDRIC THE SAXON
CELESTE
lionaire ' (1883), Lord Henry Tober in ' The
Opal Ring ' (1SS5), Mr. Pcsket in ' The ^Magis-
trate '(1885), the Hon. Vere Queckett in ' The
Schoolmistress ' (1836), Blore in ' Dandy
Dick ' (1887), and Miles Henniker in ' Mamma '
(1888); at the Comedy: Pickiclck in Bur-
nand and Solomon's operetta (1889) ; at the
Court : Berkeley Brue in ' Aunt Jack' (1889),
Sir Julian Twombley in ' The Cabinet Min-
ister' (1890), the Duke of Donoway in 'The
Volcano ' (1891), and Stuart Crosse in ' The
Late Lamented' (1891); at the Avenue:
Lord Burnham in 'The Crusaders' (1891);
at the Court : Sir James Bramston in ' The
Guardsman ' (1892), and Lord Arthur Nugent
in ' Vanity Fair' (1895). He was also seen
in London as Dr. Cains in ' The Merry Wives
of Windsor' (Gaiety, 1874), Sir Harcourt
Courtly (Gaiety, 1876), Sam Gerridge (Prince
of Wales's, 1879), Graves in 'Money,' and
Beau Farintosh (Haymarket, 1880), Lord
Ptarmijant in 'Society,' and Desmarets in
"Plot and Passion' '(Haymarket, 1881),
Prince Perovsky in ' Ours ' (Haymarket, 1882),
and Theodore Bramhle in ' the 3Ian that
Hesitates ' (St. George's Hall, 18S8).
Cedric the Saxon figures in all the
adaptations and burlesques of Scott's 'Ivan-
hoe ' iq.v.).
Celadon. A character in Dryden's
'Secret Love' {q.v.).
Celadon and Florimel; or, The
Happy Coxinterfeit. See Comical
LovKRS, The.
Celania. A character in Dave.nant's
• Rivals ' (r/. I-.).
Celebrated Case (A). See Proof.
Celeste, Celine [Mrs. Elliott]. Actress
and dancer, born in Paris, August, 1814 ;
died February, 1S82 ; made her professional
debut, as a child, in her birthplace, ^vhere
she remained a popular "juvenile " until,
in 1S27, she went to America with a troupe
of French dancers. In 1S2S she married an
American named Elliott, from whom she
ultimately separated, and who died in 1840.
In 1830 Madame Celeste (as she now an-
nounced herself) made her first appearance
in England at Liverpool as Fenella in
' Masaniello,' her London debut being made
later in the year at Drury Lane in the ballet
of 'La Bayadere.' Thence she went in
1831 to the' Queen's Theatre, Tottenham
Street, where she was seen in ' The French
Spy ' and ' The Arab Boy ; ' and next to the
Adelphi, where she was the original Narra-
onattah and Hope GoughO) in ' The Wept of
the Wish-Ton- Wish ' {q.v.}. After this came
engagements at the Surrey, Coburg, and
New Strand Theatres, and "(in 1832) on the
Continent. In 1833 she figured at Drury
Lane and Covent Garden in such pieces as
' The 3Iaid of Cashmere,' ' Prince La Boo,'
and ' The Revolt of the Harem.' From
October, 1834, to July, 1S37, she was acting
in the United States. Her English rentree
was made in October, 1837, at Drury Lane
as Maurice in ' The Child of the Wreck '
(q.v.), a performance followed by that of
"the Indian Girl" in the play so name'
(q.v.). At the Adelphi in the same year sh
was the original Victoire in the drama s
named, and at the same house in 1S38(',
the original Madeline in ' St. Mary's Eve
(q.v.). This latter is said to have been he
first speaking part, all her previous impe;
sonations (owing to her inability to spea
English) having been in dumb-show. Froi
the autumn of 1838 to the spring of 184
Madame Celeste was again in the State;
In May of the last-named year, at the Haj
market, she was the original Marie Ducanc
in the play so named, appearing later i
' Foreign Affairs ' (q.v.) and ' The Quadroo
Slave' (q.v.). After yet another visit t
America in 1842, she appeared at the Haj
market, late in that year, in ' The Bastilk
(q.v.), and early in 1843 in 'Louison' (q.v
and 'Victor arid Hortense' (q.v.). A tift
visit to the States in 1843 was succeeded t
her assumption, in September, 1844, of tl
management of the Adelphi, of which Bei
jamin Webster was the lessee. With th
theatre she remained associated as directre;
and " leading lady " until the spring of 185
During this period of her career, she wj.
the first representative of the foUowir
(and other) characters -.—Miami in ' Gree
Bushes ' (1845), Cynthia in ' The Flowers >
the Forest' (1847), Ariel in ' The Enchantc
Island' (1848), Jessie Gray in the play s
named (1850), Madeleine in ' Belphego
(1851), Cas.<>y in ' Slave Life' (1S52), Genevih
in the plavso named (1853), Unarita in 'Tl
Thirst of Gold ' (1853), Ruth Ravensear :
' Two Loves and a Life ' (1854), Mdlle. Mar
in ' The Marble Heart ' (1854), Janet Pru
in the play so named (1855), Margaret Eai
mann in 'Helping Hands' (1855), the Cou
tess and Lisette in ' Like and Unlike ' (1S5(
and Marie Leroux in ' The Poor StroUer
(1858). [Madame Celeste's performances
the Adelphi were inteiTupted by a visit
Amercia in 1851, when she appeared the
for the first time as Miami. In 1853 Webst
joined her in the management of the Adelpl
and in the same year she followed Mi
Stirling in the r6le of Peg Woffington
'Masks and Faces' (q.v.). In 1855 shew
seen there as Elmire in 'Tartuffe' (q.v.
From the Adelphi Madame Celeste went(
1859) to the Lyceum, where she appeared {
January) as Marion de Lorme in the play
named "(g. I'.). In November she becar
directress of the theatre, her first producti.
being ' Paris and Pleasure ' (q.v.). In IS:
she was the original Madame Dufarge
' A Tale of Two Cities,' and the Abb^ Vo'
dreuil (q.v.) and Adrienne (q.v.) in t
plays so named. To 1861 belong her Za
bardo and Ernest de la Garde in ' The Hoi
on the Bridge of Notre Dame ' (q-v.). Ail
this came tours in the provinces, on t
Continent, and in America, to which s
bade a final farewell in September, 1865,
Rudiga in ' The Woman in Red ' (q.v.).
so-called farewell of London audiences to
place at the St. James's Theatre in 18(.
but in 1869 she figured at the Princess's
the first Josephine Dubosc in ' Presumpt
Evidence ; ' she made appearances at t
CELESTIALS
CENT PER CENT
\delphi in 1870, 1872, and 1873, and her
actual leave-taking (at that theatre) did not
occur till October, 1S74. She was last seen
on the stage (as Miami) at a performance
o-iven at Drury Lane on May 15, 1878, for
the benefit of Mrs. Alfred Mellon. See the
<4entleman's Magazine, (article by W J.
Lawrence) ; Pascoe's ' Dramatic List ' (1880) ;
and H. Morley's ' London Playgoer' (1866).
Celestials (The) ; or, The Flowery
Land. An Anglo-Chinese musical play,
libretto by Charles Harrie Abbott (with
additional lyrics by John W. Houghton),
'music by F. Osmond Carr ; first performed
'at Her Majesty's Opera House, Blackpool,
August 1, 1898.
Celestin. The organist and composer
in 'Mam'zelle Nitouche' iq.v.).
Celestina. See Calisto and Melibea ;
also, Spanish Bawd.
Celia. (1) Daughter of Duke Frederick
in ' As You Like It ' {q.v.). (2) A character
in Beaumont and Fletcher's ' Humorous
(Lieutenant' (g.v). (3) A character in CiB-
IBER'S 'Double Gallant.' (4) A young girl
■in Whitehead's ' School for Lovers ' iq.v.).
" Celia, that I once was blest."
Song in Drydkn's 'Amphitryon,' act iii.
sc. 1.
Celia, the Gipsy Grirl. An opera in
three acts, libretto l)y Elliott Galer,
music by J. E. Mallandaine, Opera House,
Leicester, October 20, 1879.
Celinda. The heroine of Cherry's
' Travellers ' iq-v.).
Celisia, Mrs. Author of ' Almida,' a
tragedy (1771).
Cell 201. A play by Charles Foster,
performed in L^.S.A.
Celli, Frank H. Vocalist and actor;
imade his theatrical debut at the Marylebone
JTheatre as Mat o' the Mint in ' The Beggar's
[Opera,' followed by other parts in ballad
jopera. After some provincial experience
jboth on the stage and on the concert plat-
form, he was engaged by J. H. Mapleson to
!sing in Italian opera in the provinces, at
•Covent Garden, and at Drury Lane, taking
Ifluch roles as Von Giovanni, St. Br is (' Hu-
Jguenots'), the Duke in ' Lucrezia Borgia,'
iand Valentine in 'Faust.' Next came en-
gagements in France and Italy, after which
he joined the original Carl Rosa company,
with whom he appeared as Peter the Great
in 'L'Etoile du Nord,' Mephistopheles in
'Faust,' Count Arnheim in ' The Bohemian
Girl,' Don Josh in ' Maritana,' etc. Of late
years he has been, in London, the original
Bellamy in ' The Dragoons ' (1879), Narcisse
in 'Les Mousquetaires' (ISSO), Armand in
'La Belle Normande' (1881), Bernadille in
i'La Boulang^re' (1881), Claude Duval in
[Solomon's opera so named (ISSl), and
'Montosol in ' Our Diva' (1SS6). F. H. Celli
■»s part-author, with Brian Daly, of the play
called ' Stirring Times ' {q.v.).
Cellide, in Beaumont and Fletcher's
'Monsieur Thomas,' is in love with, and
beloved by, Francisco.
Cellier, Alfred. Musical composer and
orchestral director ; horn at Hackney in De-
cember, 1844 ; died December, 1891 ; after
experience as a choir-boy at the Chapel
Roval, was organist successively at Black-
heath (1862),Belfast, and St. Alban's,Holborn
(1868). He acted afterwards as orchestral
director at the Prince's Theatre, ^Manchester
(1872-6), and at the Op^ra Comique Theatre,
London (1877-lSSO), subsequently fulfilling
a simUar engagement at Melbourne, Aus-
tralia. He wrote the music for the follow-
ing stage pieces : — ' Charity begins at Home '
(1872), ' Dora's Dream ' (1873), ' The Sultan
of Mocha ' (1874), ' The Tower of London '
(1875), 'Elfinella' (1875), 'Nell Gwvnne'
(1876), ' The Spectre Knight ' (1878), ' Bella-
donna' (1878), 'After All' (1879), 'In the
Sulks' (1880), ' Dorothy ' [in which much of
the score of ' Nell Gwynne ' was utilized]
(1886), ' The Carp ' (1886), ' Doris ' [in which
a good deal of the score of 'The Tower
of London' reappeared] (1889), and 'The
Mountebanks' (1892). He was also asso-
ciated with his brother Francois iq.v.) in
providing the music for 'Mrs. Jarramie's
Genie ' (1888).
Cellier, FranQois. Musical director
and composer ; has written the music for
' Captain Billy ' (1891), ' Old Sarah ' (1897),
and other dramatic pieces.
Cenci (The). A play in five acts, by
Percy Bysshe Shelley, performed under
the auspices of the Shelley Society at the
Grand Theatre, London, on May 7, 1886,
with Miss Alma Murray as Beatrice, Miss
Maud Brennan as the Countess Cenci, Her-
mann Vezin as Count Cenci, L. S. Outram
as Orsino, W. Farren, jun., as Cardinal
Camillo, and other parts by Ben Greet,
Mark Ambient, R. de Cordova, G. R. Foss,
W. R. Staveley, Cecil Ramsey, Cecil Crofton,
etc. ' The Cenci ' has been translated into
French by yi. Felix Rabbe, and performed
at the Paris Theatre d'Art.
Cenocephali (The). "The historye of
the Cenofallas, showen at Hampton Court
on Candlemas-day at night, enacted by the
Lord Chamberleyn his men " (1576-7).
Census (The). A farce in one act, by
W. Brough iq.v.) and A. Halliday (q.v.),
first performed at the Adelphi Theatre,
London, on April 15, 1861, with J. T. Toole
as Mr. Peter Familias, R. Romer as Taturs
(a gardener), C. J. Smith as G. Woa (a
cabman), Miss E. Thome as Miss Rose Ma-
genta, Miss K. Kelly as Jenny Mobcap, and
Mrs. Chatterley as Mrs. Perkysites (house-
keeper).
Census, Mr. Jeremy. A character in
Shirley Brooks's ' Anything for a Change '
iq.v.).
Cent per Cent. A farce, first per-
formed at Covent Garden in May, 1823, with
W. Farren as Penny farthing (a usurer), and
CENT YIERGES
268
CHAIN OF EVENTS
Blancharil. Meadows, Mrs. Davenport, etc.,
in other parts.
Cent Vierg-es (Les). An opera-bouffe
in three acts (music by Lecocq), performed,
with English libretto by John Grantham,
at the Theatre Royal, Brighton, October,
1874, with the librettist as Pourladot, and
other parts by G. Loredan, Mark Kinghorne,
Miss Augusta Thomson, etc.
Centlivre, Susanna [nee Freeman].
Playwright and actress, born 1667, died
1723 ; married, en stcondes noces, an officer
named Carroll, and it was under that name
(after his death) that she published her
earlier dramatic efforts. " Such an attach-
ment she seems to have had to the theatre,
that," says the ' Biographia Dramatica,'
"she even became herself a performer,
though it is probable of no great merit, as
she never rose above the station of a country
actress." It was in 1706, while playing at
Windsor, that she met Joseph Centlivre,
principal cook to the Queen, whom she
married shortly after. The following is a
list of her plavs :— ' The Perjured Husband'
(1700), ' The Beau's Duel ' (1702), ' The Stolen
Heiress' (1703), ' Love's Contrivance' (1703),
♦The Gamester' (1705), 'The Basset-Table'
(1706), 'Love at a Venture' (1706), 'The
Platonic Ladv' (1707), 'The Busybody'
(1709), 'The Man's Bewitched' (1710), 'A
Bickerstaff's Burying' (1710), 'Marplot in
Lisbon' (1711\ 'The Perplexed Lovers'
(1712), 'The Wonder' (1714), 'The Gotham
Election ' (1715), ' The Wife Well Managed '
(1715), 'The Cruel Gift' (1717), 'A Bold
Stroke for a Wife' (1718), 'The Artifice'
(1722). Her dramatic pieces were collected
and published in 1761. " Their authoress,"
writes A. W. Ward, " needed no indulgence
as a playwright on the score of her sex, for
not one among the dramatists contemporary
with her better understood the construction
of light comic actions, or the use of those
conventional figures of comedy which irre-^
sistibly appeal to the mirthful instincts of a
popular audience. . . . She never flattered
nerself, as she confesses, ' that anything she
was capable of doing could'support the stage.'
In one instance, however [Marplot in 'The
Busybody '], she virtually invented a person-
age of really novel humour ; and in another
[Don Felix in ' The Wonder'] she devised a
character to which the genius of a great
actor ensured a long-enduring life on the
boards" ('English Dramatic Literature'
1899).
Central Park. A play by Les per
Wallack (q.v.), first performed at Wallack's
Theatre, New York, in li;61 ; revived in
November, 1862.
Cephania, in Dimond's '^thiop,' is
the wife of Almschid (masquerading as the
.^thiop).
Cepheus. King of Ethiopia in W.
Brough's 'Perseus and Andromeda' {q.v.).
Cephisa. The heroine of O'Hara's
•April Day' (g.f.).
Cerberus. (I) " Head porter" ii
Planche and Dance's ' Olympic Devils
iq.v.). (2) One of Satan's " nephews " in
E. Stirling's 'Devil's Daughters' {q.v.).
Ceres figures in ' Diogenes and his
Lantern' {qv.).
Cerimon. A physician of Ephesus, it
Shakespeare's ' Pericles ' {q.v.).
Cerise and Co. A farcical comedy ir
three acts, by Mrs. Musgrave, performec
at the Prince of Wales's Theatre, London
on April 17, 1890.
Cerisette. The name of characters iij
Watts Phillips's 'Dead Heart ' (g.v.) anc
Genee's ' Naval Cadets ' {q.v.).
Cervantes. See C.4.rdenio ; Coxcomb.
The ; Don Quixote ; Knight of the-
Burning Pestle, The; Scornful Lady.
The.
" Cervantes revels and sports."-
Farquhar, 'The Twins' {q.v.)—
"Although he writ in a jail"
Cesarine. An English version, by ALlCl;
Kauser, of Dumas fiW ' La Femrae d.;
Claude,' first perforrned at the Gardei'
Theatre, New York, :March 24, 1896, b;
Mrs. Minnie Maddern Fiske and company. ■
Cespedes, Gonzalo de. See Maii;
of the Mill, The; Spanish Curate-
The. ;
Cevennes, Marquis de. A foolisl.
fop in ToJi T.a'LOR's ' Plot and Passion
{q.v.).
Cliabot (Philip), Admiral o
France. A tragedy by George Chap
MAN and James Shirley, acted at Drur,
Lane, and printed in 1639. "It seem,
probable," says Genest, " that the first tw.
acts were written by Chapman, and th
others by Shirley." "The'plot is concerns
with the endeavours of the Admiral'
enemies to disgrace him in the eyes of th
King (Francis I.). In this they succeed fo
a time. Ultimately, the Admiral is restore
to favour, " but his sense of the King
unkindness sinks so deep into his mind tha^
he dies of a broken heart."
Chace (The). A pastoral opera, writte
in rhyme, and published in 1772.
Chadband, the canting minister i-
'Bleak Huuse ' {q.v.), figures in all drams'
tizations of that story.
Chag-rin. A character in Oulton'S ' A
in Good Humour' {qv.).
Chain of Events (A). A dramati
storv in eight acts, by G. H. Lewes {q.v
and C. J. Mathews {q.v.), adapted from ' L
Dame de la Halle' of A. Bourgeois and \
]\Iasson (Ambigu, Paris, February, 1852), an
first performed at the Lyceum Theatri
London, on April 12, 1852, with a cast ii
eluding C. J. Mathews, F. Matthews, I'
Roxby, Mdme. Vestris, Miss Laura Keem
Mrs. Frank Matthews, Miss Julia St. Georg.:
Mrs. Macnamara, Miss M. Oliver, etc. Th.
CHAIN OF GUILT
269
CHAMPAGNE
piece "was not successful, proving, as
nouglas Jerrold said of it, 'a door-chain,
:o keep people out of the house ! ' " (Edmund
Vates). See Foundlings and Queen of
iHE Market.
Chain of Guilt (The). A melodrama,
performed in New York in 1841.
Chaine, TJne. See Silken Fetters
md Breach of Promise of Marriage.
Chained to the Oar. A drama in four
icts, by Henry J. Byron (q.v.), first per-
'ormed at the Prince of Wales's Theatre,
Liiverpool. June 16, 1873, with a cast includ-
ng J. Billington, Mrs. Billington, Miss
Liouisa Willes, H. J. Ashley, etc., and pro-
luced at the Gaiety Theatre, London, on
Way 31, 1883, with J. Billington and Mrs.
5illington in their original parts, and other
vleshy J. Maclean, Fuller Mellish, G. Shel-
,on. Miss L. Villiers, Miss E. Meyrick, Miss
i. Coveney, Miss F. Farr, and Miss Gerard.
Chains of the Heart ; or, The Slave
jy Choice. A comic opera in three acts,
ivords by Prince Hoare, music by Maz-
fingM and Reeve, first performed at Covent
Jarden in December, ISOl.
Chalcot, Hug-h. The ' ' eminent brewer "
a T. W. Robertson's ' Ours' (q.v.).
Chalet (Le). See Swiss Cottage, The.
Chalk. An innkeeper in Fitzball's
The Momentous Question' iq.v.).
Chalks, Walker. The milkman in
The Area Belle' (q.v.).
Challeng-e (The). An adaptation of
Le Pre aux Clercs,' English libretto by 11.
1. Milner, and music arranged by T. Cooke,
reduced at Covent Garden, April 1, 1834.
Challenge at Tilt at a Marriage
A.). A masque l^y Ben Jonson, printed in
640. The marriage was that of Somerset
nd Lady Essex.
Challenge for Beauty. A tragic
omedy by THOMAS Heywood {q.v.), acted
1 Black Fryars and the Globe, and printed
;i 1636. The challenge is that instituted by
sabella, Queen of Portugal, who has an
lordinate appreciation of her own personal
harms. She dares Bonavida, one of her
)rcls, to find her rival in beauty, and he
i.scovers the prodigy in the person of
lellena, an English lady.
Challice, Colonel. The blind father
1 Merivale's ' Alone ' (q.v.).
Chalmers, Alexander, miscellaneous
sriter, born L759, died 1834, produced a
jCTlossary to Shakespeare ' (1797) and an
lilition of Shakespeare, with a memoir
809 and 1823).
Chamber of Horrors (The). A farce
y Arthur Wood, performed at the Hol-
orn Theatre, London, on April 18, 1870.
Chamberlain, Robert. Miscellaneous
viter, born 1670 ; author of a comedy called
The Swaggering Damsel,' published in
1640. See Wood's * Athena; Oxonienses '
and W. C. Hazlitt's 'Handbook to Earlv
English Literature.'
Chamberlayne, William. Physician,
soldier, and playwright, born 1619, died 1689;
author of 'Love's Victory' (q.v.), a tragi-
comedy, printed in 165S. See Wits led by
THE Nose.
Chambermaid (The). See Village
Opera, The.
Chambers, Charles Haddon. Dra-
matic writer, born at Stanmore, Svdnev
N.S. W., in 1859 ; author of ' One of Them '
(1886), 'The Open Gate' (1887), 'Captain'
Swift ' (1888). ' The Idler ' (1890). ' Love and
War' (1891), 'The Honourable Herbert'
(1891). ' The Collaborators ' (1892), ' I'he Old
Lady ' (1892), ' The Pipe of Peace ' (1892).
' John k Dreams ' (1894), ' The Tyranny of
Tears ' (1899), ' The Awakening ' (1901), and
'The Golden Silence' (1903); part-author,
with Stanley Little, of 'Devil Caresfoot'
(1887), with Outran! Tristram, of 'The
Queen of Manoa' (1892), with B. C. Ste-
phenson, of 'The Fatal Card' (1894), and,
with J. Comyns Carr, of ' Boys Together '
(1896) and 'In the Days of the Duke'
(1897).
Chambers, Emma. Actress and
vocalist ; was in the original casts of Bur-
nand's 'Poll and My Partner Joe' (Harry
JIali/ard) (1871), Conway Edwardos' 'Anne
Boloyn'(i'«rZ Percy) (1872), II. J. Byron's
'Sour Grapes '(ri"%) (1873), Recce's 'Riche-
lieu Redressed ' (De Mauprat) (1873), Clay's
'Don Quixote' (1876), 'The Little Duke'
(The Canoness) (1878), 'Venice' (1879), 'La
Petite Mademoiselle' (Jacqueline) (1879),
•Rothomago' (1879), ' Billee Taylor' (^ra-
bella Lane) (1880), etc. She wa.s also seen
in London as Serpolette in ' Les Cloches de
Corneville' (1878) and Retina in ' The Prin-
cess of Trebizonde' (1879).
Chambers, Miss, wrote a comedy
called ' The School for Friends/ published
in 1805.
Chambre a deux Lits (Le). See
Box and Cox ; Double-Bedded Eoo.m,
The.
Chameleon (The). A farce, performed
in New York in 1837, with George Jamieson
as the representative of five characters.
Chamont. (I) Friend to Gasper in
JoNSON's 'Case is Altered' (q.v.). (2)
Brother of Monimia in Otway'S ' Orphan '
(q.v.).
Champag-ne, a Question of Phiz.
A burlesque by H. B. Farnie (q.v.) and
Robert Reece (q.v.), first performed at
the Strand Theatre, London, on September,
27, 1877, with H. Cox as Clicquot (Count of
Champagne), W. S. Penley as Itum-ti-tum
(family minstrel and general servant), C.
Marius as Le Chevalier de la Mayonnaise,
Mdlle. Camille Clermont as Mousseline
(Countess Clicquot), Sldlle. Camille Dubois
as Vanilla (the Countess's page), Miss Lottie
tl
CHAMPAGNE
270
CHANGE MAKES CHANGE
Venue as Bobinette (the Countess's maid),
etc.
Champagrne. A servant in F. Phillips's
' Bird in the Hand' (^.i".).
Cliampag:ne and Oysters. See
Kneisel, Rudolph.
Cliainpernel. Husband of Lamira in
Beaumont and Fletcher's ' Little French
Lawyer' {q.v.).
Champfleuri, Mdlle. An actress, in
Selby's 'Paris and Pleasure' (g.v.), who
tigures successively as Satan, a farm-girl,
a commissary of police, a lady of fortune,
a commission agent, a gentleman about
town, and a peasant.
Ch.ampig-nolinalg're Lui. See Other
Fellow, The.
Champneys. The name of a family in
H. J. Byron's ' Our Boys ' (q.v.), including
Sir Geoffrey, his sister Clarissa, and his sou
Talbot.
Chance. A drama in three acts, by
Chas. Osborne, Theatre Royal, Belfast,
October 4, 1869.—' Chance, the Idiot : ' a
drama by Edwin Reynolds, Theatre Royal,
Longton, December 5, 1872.
Chance Acquaintance (A). A com-
medietta in one act, by W. H. Denny, first
performed at Richmond on June 28, 1S94.
Chances (The). A comedy by John
Fletcher, founded on one of Cervantes'
'Novelas Exemplares,' and first printed in
1647. Adapted by George Villiers, Duke
of Buckingham, it Avas revived at the
Theatre Royal in 1667, with much ap-
plause (Langbaine), Hart being the Don
John (Downes). "The first three acts of the
original are excellent, but the last two are
inferior. The Duke, by extending the small
pai'ts of the ind Constantia and her mother,
has added two acts quite equal to the first
three " (Genest). Buckingham's version was
printed in 1682. A farce taken from ' The
Chances ' and called ' The Landlady,' was
printed in 1672. The play was revived at
Drury Lane in 1708, with Willis as Don John,
Mills as Don Frederick, Mrs. Bradshaw as
the 1st Constantia, and Mrs. Oldfield as the
^nd Constantia ; in 1739 with Giff ard as Don
John, and Mrs. Giffard and Mrs. Clive as
the 1st and 2nd Constantia; in 1754, with
alterations by Garrick, who played Don
John to the Don Frederick of Palmer, the
Antonio of Yates, the 1st Constantia of Mrs.
^Macklin, the 2nd Constantia of ]Mrs. Cibber,
the Mother-in-law of INIrs. Clive, and the
Landlady of ^Nlrs. Macklin ; and in 1773 with
Garrick as before and Mrs. Abington as the
2nd Constantia. The last recorded revival
of the piece took place at Drury Lane in 1808.
Reynolds in 1821 founded on ' The Chances '
a comic opera entitled 'Don John' iq.v.),
"The situation of the two friends [Don
John and Don Frederick], of whom the one
becomes in all innocence the tinder of an
unprotected lady, and the other of an un-
protected infant, is extremely telling ; and
the solution of the difficulty is contrive
naturally and easily " (A. W. Ward).
Chances and Chang-es. A play pei
formed in U.S.A., with Mitchell in a pVom:
nent part. See Changes and Chances.
Chancit. A character in G. H. Lewe;
' Stay at Home.'
Chandos; or, The Jester wh
turned Traitor. A drama in five act:
adapted from Ouida's ' Chandos ' by HaRj
BURY Brooklyn, and produced at th
Adelphi Theatre, London, September 3<
18S2.
Chanfrau, Francis S. Actor, boi
in New York, 1824 ; died Jersey Cit-
N. J., October, 1884 ; began life as a shij
carpenter in the Far West, afterwards joii
ing a troupe of amateur actors in New Yor!
His first appearance on the regular staj
was as a " super " at the Bowery, where 1
became, in time, very popular, especially ;
a mimic— a popularity which he afterwarc
extended at Mitchell's Olympic Theatre (e
pecially as Jeremiah Clip in ' The Widow
Victim'). His most notable assumptic.
was that of Mose in 'A Glance at Ne
York' iq.v.) — a perfonnance, says J. I
Ireland, "which carried him as a sti
triumphantly through every theatrical to^^'
in tlie Union. His portraiture was perfe
in every particular, and the character
inseparably identified with him" ('Ne
York Stage '), In 1865 he appeared in Ne
York as Sam in De Walden's comedy.
Chanfrau, Mrs. F. S. [Henriet
Baker]. American actress, born 1842 ; ma
ried in 1858 to F. S. Chanfrau {q.v.)\ was tJ.
original representative in America of Esth'
Eccles (' Caste'), J/rt»/ Edwards ('Ticket-d ;
Leave Man '), Dora (in Charles Readc; J
play), Miss Multon, etc. She played Opheh
during the hundred nights' run of ' Hamle
at Booth's Theatre, New York, and has be
"leading lady" at Daly's Theatre, N(
York, and at the Globe Theatre, Bost^
(under Fechter). She made her first a^
pearance in England at the Grand Theati'
Islington, on February 15, 1886, in C. M
Tayleure's 'Wife or Widow.' \
Chang". He-Sing's secretary in 'T'
Mandarin's Daughter' {q.v.).
Changre Alley. A play in five acts,
Louis N. Parker and Murray Carsc;
first performed at the Lyceum Theatre, N"
York, September 6, 1897, with E. H. Sothc
and :Miss Virginia Harned in the princij
parts; produced at the Garrick Theati'
London, in April. 1899, with a cast inch
ing Fred Terry, Murray Carson, J. Billii
ton, J. H. Barnes, Eric Lewis, J. AVel(
Miss Julia Neilson, Miss Hall Caine.
Changre for a Sovereigrn. A farce
Horace Wigan {q.v.), performed at t
Strand Theatre, London, in March, 1861.
Changre makes Changre. A come
by Epes Sargent, first performed at Nibl
CJarden, New York, on October 6, 1845,
1
CHANGE OF AIR
271
chap:man
the Placides, Chippendale, Mrs. Mowatt,
Mrs. Walcot, etc.
Chang-e of Air. An operetta by Edgar
Manning and Von Leson, Assembly Rooms,
Cheltenham, October 24, 1878.—' Change of
Fortune is the Lot of Life : ' a comedy-drama
by Mdlle. de Latour, Theatre Royal, Bath,
November 10, 1874.—' Change of Name : ' a
farce by Arthur Moore, Sadler's "Wells,
September 14, 1867.
Change of Crowns, A play by
Edward Howard, performed at the The-
itre Royal in April, 1667. Pepys, who .-aw
t represented, says, "Lacy acted a country
gentleman, who abused the Court Avith all
maginable Avit and plainness, about selling
)f places and doing everything for money.
The play took very well, but the King was
ery angry, and Lacy was committed to the
;>orter's Lodge" ("a sort of prison," says
jenest).
Chang-e of System (A). A " petite
;oinedy" in one act, by Howard Paxl(7.i'.),
lirst performed at St. James's Theatre, Lon-
don, on April 9, 1860, with F. Robinson as
[jir Charles Hippie, Belford, Miss Murray,
tc.
Chang-e Partners. A musical farce
lerformed at Drury Lane in March, 1825.
Changed Heart (The). A play,
iiunded on a drama called ' La Comtesse de
xoailles,' and first performed at the Surrey
'heatre in January, 1860.
Changeling- (The). A tragedy by
'HOMAS MiDDLETON (q.v.), acted before the
ourt at Whitehall in January, 1623-4, and
evived in January, 1661. "It takes ex-
leedingly," wrote Pepys in the last-named
iear. It was printed in 1653. "The prin-
(ipal foundation of the plot may be found
ii the story of Alsemero and Beatrice
oanna, in Reynolds's 'God's Revenge
gainst Murder,' bk. i. ch. viii." ('Bio-
li-aphia Dramatica '). The title of the play
|as, however, no reference to its main in-
Srest. The " changeling " (or idiot) is one
ntonio, who pretends to be imbecile in
rder to gain access to the wife of a mad-
octor (Aiibius). See De Flores.
Changes (The) ; or, Love in a Maze.
•. comedy by James Shirley (q.v.), acted at
ilisbury Court, and printed in 1632. The
tie has reference to the complicated love-
fairs of three young couples— Chry sol ina,
urelia, and Eugenia, Gerard, Thornay, and
omjrave. The last-named loves Eugenia,
it resigns her to Thornay, whom she loves,
id in the end marries Chrysolina. The
(lecewas revived at the King's Theatre in
i62, when Pepys wrote in his Diary : " The
:lay hath little in it but Lacy's part of a
puntry fellow, which he did to admiration."
'• was played at the Theatre Royal in May,
>67, with AVintershall as Sir Gervase Simple
Id Lacy as the Cloicn. " This play," says
ingbaine, " has been received with success
our time. Lacy acted Jonny Thump,
'• Gervase Simple's man, with general
applause." (2) ' Changes : ' a drama in three
acts by H. Procter, St. George's, October
12, 1876. (.3) ' Changes : ' a comedy in three
acts, by J. Aylmer, Toole's Theatre, Lon-
don, April 25, 1890.
Changes and Chances. A drama in
two acts. Avenue Theatre, London, March 2,
1891. See Chances and Changes.
Channel, Captain and Clarissa.
Father and daughter in D. Jerrold's ' Pri-
soner of War' (q.v.).
Chanticlero. A general in Coyne and
Talfourd's ' Leo the Terrible' (^. v.).
Chaos is Come Again. A farce pro-
duced at Covent Garden Theatre in Novem-
ber, 1838, with Hartley as Colonel Chaos ;
performed in New York in 1839. See
' Othello," act iii. so. 3.
Chapeau de PaiUe d'ltalie (Le).
See Leghorn Bonnet, The ; and Wedding
March, The.
Chapeau d'nn Horloger (Le). See
Betty Martin and Clockmaker's Hat.
Chapelon. "The Postilion " in G. Ab-
bott A Beckett's opera of that name (q.v.).
Chaplain of the Regiment (The).
A play performed at the Vauxhall Garden,
New York, in June, 1S4G.
Chaplet (The). A musical piece by
Mendez, first performed at Drury Lane
in December, 1749, witli Mrs. Clive as
Pastora and Beard as Damon.
Chaplin, Ellen. See Fitzwilliam,
]\Irs. Edward.
Chapman, Ella. Actress, vocalist,
and banjo-player; granddaughter of Mrs.
Drake iq.v.); had had much professional
experience in the United States before she
made her English debut in ' Blue Beard' at
the Folly Theatre, London, in 1876. She
was afterwards in the first casts of ' Oxygen '
(1877), • Pluto • Royalty, (ISSl), ' Stage-Dora '
(Toole's, 1883), etc., playing in pantomime
at the Grand, Ishngton, in 1S87-S, and at
Her Majesty's Theatre in 1889-30.
Chapman, G-eorge. Dramatist and
poet ; born (Wood says) in 1557, more pro-
bably in 1558-9, near Hitchin, in Hertford-
shire ; died May, 1634 ; student at Trinity
College, Oxford (1574-6), and thought to
have afterwards passed some years in Ger-
many. Unless, as F. G. Fleay suggests, he
was the author of 'The Disguises' {q.v.)
f 1595), the first of his plays to be performed
was apparently ' The Blind Beggar of Alex-
andria ' (1596). Certain passages in ' East-
ward Hoe' iq.v.), written by "him in con-
junction with ilarston and Jonson, having
given displeasure to the Scotch party ac
Court, he and his collaborators were im-
prisoned (1604), but speedily released. Chap-
man and Marston were again imprisoned
in the following year, with reference to
a play of theirs whose name has not been
chronicled. Chapman's famous translation
of Homer was published between 159S and
1616. Among his patrons were the Prince
CHAPMAN
272
CHARITY
(Henry) of Wales and the Earl of Somer-
set. "His life." says Fleay, "is best
read in his dedications" The following
is a list of the dramatic %vorks usually
ascribed to him, -with the dates of their
publication :— ' The Blind Beggar of Alex-
andria ' (159S), ' An Humorous Day's Mirth '
(1599), 'All Fools' (1605), 'The Gentleman
Usher ' (1606), ' Monsieur d'Olive ' (1606),
' Bussy d'Ambois ' (1607), ' Csesar and Pom-
pey' (1607), 'The Conspiracy' and 'The
Tragedy' of Byron (160>-), ' May Day ' (1611),
* The Widow's Tears ' (1612), ' The Masque
of the Middle Temple and Lincoln's Inn'
(1613), 'The Revenge of Bussy d'Ambois'
(1613), ' Alphonsus, Emperor of Germany '
(1654), and 'Revenge for Honour' (1654).
Chapman was part-author of ' Eastward
Hoe ' (1605), • The Ball ' (1639), and ' Cha-
bot, Admiral of France' (1639). All the
above plays are included in Shepherd's
edition (isi'4). Chapman is also supposed to
have had a hand in the production of 'Fatal
Love,' 'The Fountain of New Fashions,'
' Sir Giles Goosecap,' ' The Second Maiden's
Tragedy,' ' Two Wise Men and All the Rest
Fools,' 'and 'A Yorkshire Gentlewoman
and her Son,' all of which see. See ' The
Comedies and Tragedies of George Chap-
man ' (1S73) ; also, for biography, Wood's
' Athenaj Oxonienses,' Langbaine's ' Dra-
matic Poets,' the ' Biograpliia Dramatica,'
and the ' Dictionary of National Biography,'
and, for criticism, Hazlitfs 'Age of Eliza-
beth,' Coleridge's ' Literary Remains,'
Lamb's ' Specimens of the Dramatic Poets,'
* George Chapman,' by A. C. Swinburne
(1875), and ' English Dramatic Literature,'
by A. W. Ward (1S99). Swinburne says
of Chapman: "As a dramatic poet he
has assuredly never yet received his due
meed of discerning praise ; but assuredly
no man of genius ever did so much, as
though by perverse and prepense design,
to insure a continuance of neglect and in-
justice. . . . With a fair share of comic
spirit and invention, remarkable at least in
a poet of such a grave and ambitious turn
of genius, he has spiced and larded his very
comedies with the thick insipid sauce of
pedantic declamation. . . . The tragedy of
* Chabot,' a noble and dignified poem in the
main, and the otherwise lively and interest-
ing comedy of ' Monsieur d'CJlive,' are seri-
ously impaired by a worse than Jonsonian
excess in the analysis and anatomy of
'humours.' . . . Another point of resem-
blance to Jonson on the wrong side is the
absence or insignificance of feminine in-
terest throughout his works. No poet ever
showed less love or regard for women, less
<rare to study or less power to paint them.
^ . . The two leading heroines of his tragic
drama, Tamyra and Caropia, are but a slip-
pery couple of sententious harlots who de-
liver themselves in eloquent and sometimes
•exalted verse to such amorous or vindictive
purpose as the action of the play may
suggest."
Ch.apman, Mrs. Samuel. See
JEFFEKSO.N, ELIZABETH.
Chapman, William. Actor ; playe
Hip Van Winkle at the Walnut Street The
atre, Philadelphia, in October, 1829.
Chapter of Accidents (The), i
comedy by Soph ia Lee, founded on Diderot'
' Pere de Famille,' and first performed a
the Haymarket Theatre, August 5, 178C
with a cast including Palmer, Edwin, Bar
nister, jun., Bensley, Aikin, and Miss Farre:
(Cecilia). It was revived so lately as 182
at Drury Lane. (2) ' A Chapter of Ace.
dents : ' a farce by John Thoma.s Douglas-
performed at the Standard Theatre, Londoi
on September 26, 1870.
Chapuis. Envoy of Charles V. in To:
Taylor's 'Anne Boleyn ' (q.v.).
Charalois, in Massixger's 'Fats
Dowry' {q.v.), is son to the dead marshal.
Charbonniere (La). A play performe
in the U.S.A. in 1SS4, with Mrs. D. P. Bowei
in the leading female role.
Charcoal Burner (The). A drama i.
twu acts, by G. Almar {q.v.), performed i
New York in 1833.
Chard, Kate. Actress and vocalist
made her debut at Dublin in ISSl, as Laz(
rillo in ' Maritana.' After an engagemei
with the Carl Rosa company and a tour i
Australia, she was the original LadyPsycl
in ' Princess Ida ' at the Savoy (1884). St
was in the first casts of ' Rhoda' at Croydo
in 1886, 'The New Corsican Brothers' £••
the Royalty, London, in 1SS9, and 'Th'
Wedding Eve ' at the Duke of York's, Lo;,
don, in 1892. She was seen at the EmpLJ
Theatre, London, in 'Billee Taylor' i'
1886. j
"Charg-e (The) is prepared, tbi
lawyers are met." Sung by Macheat-
in Gay's ' Beggar's Opera,' act ii. sc. 2.
Charing- Cross, Sir. A character :
Planche's ' Graciosa and Percinet ' {q.v.).
Charing- Cross Theatre. See Lo
DON Theatres.
Charino, in Gibber's 'Love makes
Man' (5. v.), is father to Angelina.
Charitable Association (The). .
comedy in two acts, by Henry Brook
printeil in 1778. "The plot is evident
borrowed from the Hecyra of Terence. _ T.
Charitable Association (as it is ironical;
called) is very like the scandalous coUe'
of which Lady Sneerwell is presidenv
(Genest).
Charity. (1) A play by C. H. Hazlewo<
{q. v.), founded on Victor Hugo's story of 'I
Miserables' iq-v.), and first performed
Sadler's Wells Theatre, London, on Nove:.
ber 7, 1862. (2) A comedy in three acts,
W. S. Gilbert (g.r.), first performed at t
Haymarket Theatre, London, on January ^
1874, with Miss M. Robertson (Mrs. Kend M"
as Mrs. Van Brugh, Miss Amy Roselle . V
Eve Van Brugh, Miss Woolgar as iJi. ^
Tredgett, W. H. Kendal as Fred Smailey, ■
Howe as Smailey, sen., W. H. Chippendi
CHARITY
CHARLES I.
as Rev. Dr. Athelney, H. R. Teesdale as
Ted Athelney. J. B. Buckstone as Fitz-
Partington ; first performed in New York
on March 3. 1874, at the Fifth Avenue The-
atre, with C. Forbes as Dr. Athebiei/, D. H.
, Harkins as Ted Athelney, F. Hardenburg
&s Mr. Smailey, G. Clarke as Fred Smailey,
•J. Lewis as Fitz- Partington, Jliss A. Dyas
'as Mrs. Van Brugh, Miss S. Jewett as Eve,
Miss F. Davenport as Ruth Tredgett ; per-
formed in the English provinces with Miss
Caroline Heath as Mm. Van Bruyli, and
Wilson Barrett as Smailey, sen. ; revived
in London and the provinces in 1S95, with
Miss Fortescue as Mrs. Van Brugh, L.
Lablache as Smailey, sen., and W. Farren,
iun., as Dr. Athelney. The role of Ruth
Tredgett has been played in America by
Miss Ada Rehan.
Charity. The name of female cha-
•acters in (1) Emden's ' Head of the Family '
q.v.), (2) W. Gordon's ' My Wife's Rela-
.ions' {q.v.), and (3) DiLLEY and CLIFTON'S
Tom Pinch '(<?.v.)-
I Charity Ball (The). A play in four
),cts, by David Belasco {q.v.) and H. C. De
l/IlLLE {q.v.), first performed at the Lyceum
'heatre, New York, on November 19, 18S9,
/ith a cast including H. Kelcey, N. W^heat-
roft, VV. J. Lemoyne, Miss G. Cayvan, Miss
1. Shannon, Miss G. Henderson, and Mrs.
'. Whiften.
Charity begrins at Home. A musical
jmedietta, words by B. C. !Stephen.so.n,
lusic by Alfred Cellier, first performed at
le Gallery of Illustration, London, Feb-
lary 7, 1S72, with a cast including Arthur
ecil, Corney Grain, Alfred Reed, Miss F.
olland, and Mrs. German Reed ; revived
lere in April, 1874, with Miss L. Braham
id Arthur Law in place of Miss Holland
id Arthur Cecil ; revived at the Gaiety
leatre, London, on February 7, 1877, and at
. George's Hall, London, on .Tune -I'l, 1802 ;
laftesbury Theatre, Septeinlier, 1!»01.
Charity Boy (The). A musical enter-
inment in two acts, by J. C. Cross, per-
fmed at Drury Lane in November, 1796.
Charity Girl (The). A play by F.
ILLIAMS and G, L. Stout, performed in
8.A.
Charity's Cloak. A comedy in one act,
SvLVANUS Dauncey, Royalty Theatre,
asgow, February 25, 1891.
Charity's Love. A play by John
LKiNs, first performed at the City of
adon Theatre, ?.Iarch, 1854, with Miss
nny Vining as Charity.
3harke, Charlotte. Actress and play-
" ght ; daughter of CoUey Gibber; died
• lil, 1760 ; published in 1755 ' A Narrative '
< her life up to that date— a story sum-
Uized in the 'Biographia Britannica.'
jrried, when very young, to Richard
like, a violinist, she was compelled by
I misconduct to separate herself from
1 1, and sought a livelihood on the stage,
t first appearance being made at Drury
Lane on April 8. 1730, as Mademoiselle in
' The Provoked Wife.' She was the orijrinal
representative of Lucy in 'The London
Merchant ' and Thalia in ' The Triumphs of
Love and Honour,' both at Drury Lane in
1731. Other parts played by her were those
of Alicia in ' Jane Shore' and Miss Hoyden
in 'The Relapse' (1731-2). She was at the
Haymarket in 1733 and at Drury Lane in 1734.
Quarrelling, however, with Fleetwood (g'.y.),
the manager of the latter, she wrote and
published in 1735 a sort of dramatic pam-
phlet, aimed at him, under the title of 'The
Art of Management ' {q.v.). In 1736 she was
at the Haymarket, and in 1737 at Lincoln's
Inn Fields. After this she figured (she
says) successively as the keeper of a grocery
and oil store in Long Acre, the manageress
of a puppet show near the Haymarket,
valet-de-chamhre to a nobleman, a maker
and seller of sausages, a strolling player,
and proprietress of a public-house. In
September, 1759, a benefit was accorded
to her at the Haymarket Theatre, and she
then played Marplot in 'The Busybody.'
She is credited with the authorship of dra-
matic pieces called ' The Carnival ' (1735) and
'Tit for Tat ' (1743) ; also, of ' The History
of Henry Dumont, Esq., and Miss Charlotte
Evelyn' (1756). See 'The Thespian Dic-
tionary* (1805) and the Theatre magazine
(ISSO).
Charlatan (The). (1) A play adapted
by J. W. Watson from the French, and first
performed at the Winter Garden, New Y.u-k,
in September, 1SG6, with Isaac Newton
Gotthold as Cagliostro. (2) A comedy in
three acts, adapted by Mrs. John Aylmer
from the German, and first performed at
the Torre Parish Rooms, Torquay, February
5, 1889, with Ivan Watson in the title part.
(3) A play in four acts, by- Robert Bu-
chanan {q.v.), first performed at the Hay-
market Theatre, London, January 18, 1894,
with H. Beerbohm Tree in the title part
{Philip Woodville), and other roles by Nut-
combe Gould, Fred Terry, F. Kerr, Mrs. E.
H. Brooke, Miss Lily Hanbury, Miss Irene
Vanbrugh, Miss Gertrude Kingston, and
Mrs. Tree. This drama was afterwards
turned into a prose story by Robert Bu-
chanan and Henry Murray. (4) A comic
opera, libretto by Charles Klein, music
by J P. Sousa, first performed at Mont'-^al.
Canada, August 29, 1898, with De Wolf
Hopper in the leading part ; produced at
Knickerbocker Theatre, New York, Sep-
tember 5, 1898.
CharlemagTie. A spectacular drama,
produced at Drury Lane, London, in October,
1838. In this piece Van Amburgh exhibited
his lions and Ducrow his horses.
Charlemont, in Tourneur's ' Atheist's
Tragedy' {q.v.), is in love with Castabella.
Charles I. (of England). The central
figure in sevei'al dramatic pieces, to which
he has given the title :—(l) A "famous
tragedy," printed in 1649 [see ' Biographia
Dramatica']. (2) A tragedy by W. Havard
{q.v.), performed in Lincoln's Inn Fields in
CHARLES II.
CHARLES XIL
1737, with the author as Bishop Juxon,
Gifford as the King, Wright as Crovncell,
Johnson as Fairfax, Mrs. Giffard as the
Queen, etc. " Havard," says Genest, " is a
little partial to the King, but not grossly
so. The deviations from history are not
very exceptionable." " Havard," says
Doran, " had been commissioned by Giflfard
to write the piece. It was done to order,
and under constraint ; for the patron locked
up the poet in a garret, near Lincoln's Inn,
during a certain number of hours, daily,
from which he was not suffered to emerge
tin he had repeated, from behind the door,
to Gifiard, who was on the landing, a cer-
tain number of newly written lines— till the
whole was completed, when the poet was
set free." (3) A tragedy by E. Cobham
Brewer, printed in 1S28. (4) A drama by
3IARY Russell Mitford (jq.v.), "rejected
by Colman because the Lord Chamberlain
refused it his license," but produced at the
Victoria Theatre, London, in 1834 ; revived
at Doncaster in April, 1873. (5) A dra-
matic poem by Archer Thompson Gur-
>Ey, printed in 1846. (6) A drama in four
acts, by W. G. Wills {q.v.), first performed
at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on Sep-
tember 28, 1872, with H. Irving in the title
part, :Miss Isabella Bateman as Henrietta
Maria, Miss G. Pauncefort as Lady Eleanor
Davys, G. Belmore as Oliver Cromwell, B.
B. Markby as Ireton, E. F. Edgar as Lord
Moray, Addison as the Marquis of Huntley
[on the " bill of the play " was the following
note:— "The author feels it unnecessary
to confess or enumerate certain historical
inaccuracies, as to period and place, which
have arisen from sheer dramatic necessity,
and are justified, he believes, by the highest
precedents "] ; at the Standard Theatre,"Lon-
don, July, 1874, with H. Irving as Charles I.,
John Clayton as Cromwell, J. Carter as
Huntley, F. Clements as Moray, Beveridge
as Ireton, Miss Isabel Bateman as the Queen,
Miss G. Pauncefort as Lady Eleanor Davys ;
revived at the Lyceum in June, 1879, with
H. Irving and Miss Pauncefort in their
original parts, H. Forrester as Cromu-ell,
Pinero as Lord Hutitly, F. Cooper as Lf^rd,
Moray, A. Beaumont as Ireton, and INIiss
EUen Terry as the Queen ; produced at the
Star Theatre, New York, in October, lSs3,
with H. Irving (for the first time in America)
in the title part ; revived at the Lyceum
Theatre, London, June 28, 1893. (7) A play
by C. P. Flockign iq.v.), first performed at
Bath on August 4, 1879.
Charles II. (of England) has given his
name to, and played a leading part in,
several dramatic pieces :— (1) ' Charles the
Second ; or. The Merry Monarch : ' a comedy
in two acts, adapted from ' La Jeunesse de
Henri V.' by J. Howard Payne {q.v.\ and
first performed at Covent Garden on May
27, 1824, with C. Kemble in the title part,
Jones as Rochester, Duruset as Edward (a
page), Fawcettas Captain Copp, Mrs. Faucit,
and Miss 31. Tree as Clara (adopted daughter
of Copp) ; revived at the Lyceum Theatre,
Loudon, in 1877, with E. H. Brooke as the
King, R. C. Lyons as Rochester, etc. ; at tl
Oystal Palace in December, 1881, with \'
Herbert as the King, A. Dacre as Rocheste
A. Williams as Copp, Miss St. Quentin :
Mary, and Miss K. Rorke as Lady Clar
(2) 'King Charles the Second:' an oper
libretto by Desmond Ryan, music by Sir (
A. Macfarren (q.v.), first performed at tl
Princess's Theatre, London, in October 5
1849, with a cast including Miss Louisa Pyn
Mdme. Macfarren, Mdme. Weiss, W. Ha
rison, Weiss, and H. Corri. (3) ' Charl
the Second and Pretty Nell Gwynne ; c
Harlequin Oliver Cromwell and the Litt
Fairies of the Enchanted Oak : ' a pant
mime by Robert Soutar. Victoria Theati
London, December 26, 1867. (4) ' Char]
II. ; or. Something like History : ' a bx
lesque by Gilbert a Beckett, first p«
formed at the Court Theatre, London,
November 25, 1872, with W. J. Hill as t
King, Miss Bella Moore as Rochester,
Righton as Cromwell, C. Cooper as Pep-.
W. H. Fisher as Lilly (the astrologer), M"
L. Duprez as Nell Gwynne, and MdEe. 0
nelie D'Anka as the Queen.— Charles II. al
figures in 'Barbers at Court' (q.v.), 'T,
Puritan's Daughter' (q.v.), Douglas Ji
HOLD'S ' Bride of Ludgate ' (q.v.), Tom T;
LOR and Charles Reade's ' King's Eiv
(q.v.), Wills'S ' Buckingham ' (q.v.) and ' N
Gwynne ' (q.v.), Springate's ' Boscob
(q.v)., Hamilton's ' Royal Oak ' (q.v.), Dc
SONS 'Two Hundred Years Ago' (q.
'English Neir (q.v.), 'Sweet Nell of (
Drury ' (q.v.), etc.
Charles VIII. of France ; or, T
Invasion of Naples by the Franc
A play by J. Crowne (q.v.), acted at Dot
Garden in 1671, with Betterton as the Ki^
and other parts by Harris, Smith, Mt
bourne, Sandford, Young, Cademan, y.\
Betrerton, Mrs. Dixon, Mrs. Slaughter, y.t
Shadwell. "It is founded on history, ;
most of the incidents have the appeara:^
of fiction " (Genest). See Downes' ' Rosc^ —a ,
Anglicanus ' (1708). The piece was prinl X l
in 1672. I ±
Charles XII. (of Sweden\ A drrt
in two acts, by J. R. Planche (q.v.), in-
duced at Drury Lane Theatre, Luudon.'i
November 11, 132S,— " Farren," says 's
author, "looking and acting the Sweci
monarch to perfection, and Liston tal?
the house by storm in the characteii
Adam Brock. John Harley made an amu:g
Muddleu'ick, and Miss Ellen Tree as Ul>,,
and Miss Love, with the ballad of 'Tp\
gentle Moon,' composed for her by Jfl
Barnett, contributed to secure for the p o
a popularity which it enjoys to the pre; t
day." The play was revived at the ;.
James's in January, 1855 ; at the Haj-ma '-t ^^
in September, 1S63; and at the Hayma ;t ,g^-*
in June, 1S77. with H. Howe as Che '■* |c<
XII., F. W. Irish as Mxiddleu-ick, W. i'r- J^
greaves as Brock, Harold Kyrle (BeUe'v is
De Mervett, Miss ]Marion Terry as Uli,
3Iiss Annie Lafontaine as Eudiga.—Chei
XII. is one of the personce in ' The Batt J*
Pultawa' (q.v.). U«
8)
CHARLES EMMANUEL
CHARMED LIFE
Charles Emmanuel. Son of King
Victor in BROWNING'S ' King Victor and
King Charles ' {q.v.).
Charles, Pred. Actor ; was in the
original casts of ' Extremes ' (1858), ' Friends
or Foes ' (1862), ' Nature's above Art ' (1863),
' Bel Demonio ' (1863), ' The King's Butter-
fly ' (1864), ' Dr. Dulcamara ' (1866), ' Idalia '
1867), ' The Double Marriage ' (1867), ' Kenil-
Worth ' (1870), ' Amy Robsart ' (1874), ' The
Bohemian Gyurl ' (1877), ' The Babes in the
Wood' (1877), and ' Youth ' (1881). He was
ilso seen in London in ' The Belle's Strata-
rem '(1866), ' Richelieu ' (1873), ' The Hunch-
oack' (1879), ' Brighton ' (1880), ' Adrienne '
j.882), and ' The Comedy of Errors ' (1883).
I Charles O'Malley. This novel by
vharles Lever has formed the basis of
leveral dramatic pieces :— (1) A drama in
hree acts, by Eugenk Macarthy, first
performed at the Adelphi Theatre, London,
jal838. (2) A drama by Edmund Falconer
7.1;.), produced at the Amphitheatre, Liver-
ool, on April 22, 1871. (3) A comedy in
bur acts, by Theodore B. Sayres, first
erformed at Washington, U.S.A., May 3,
S98, with Wilton Lackaye in the leading
art.
1 Charles the Bold. A melodrama in
liree acts, by S. J. Arnold {q.v.), translated
i'om 'Charles le Tt^meraire,' and first per-
tirmed at Drury Lane in June, 1815.
Charles the Terrible. An historical
lay performed in New York in 1830, with
ichings in the title part.
Charles, Thomas W. Theatrical
anager, died 1895 ; began his career as an
strumentalist and musical conihictor. He
is afterwards acting-manager for Charles
ilvert, from whom lie purchased the
enery and dresses of ' Sardanapalus ' {q.v.),
oducing the play at the Duke's Theatre,
mdon. As stage director of the Royalty
leatre, London, he produced Clay's
'atarina ' {q.v.) and other musical works.
} became lessee and manager succes-
ely of the Theatre Royal, Nottingham,
3 Grand (formerly Prince of Wales's),
isgow, and the Prince's, Manchester, his
iitoraime productions being especially
; Iful and successful.
.IJharles T3rrreU ; or, The Bitter
; ood. A play founded on a tale by G. P.
• James, and performed at the Bowery
eatre, New York, in 1839.
Charley's Aunt. A comedy in three
fs, by Brandon Thomas, first performed
f Bury St. Edmund's on February 29, 1892,
Jh W. _S. Penley as Lord Fancourt Bab-
^'iy, Miss Ada Branson as Donna Lucia,
-'S Dora de Winton as Kitty, Miss E.
Mmore as Ella, H. Crisp as Dr. Pettigue,
* ton Heriot as Jack Chesney, E. Lawford
^Okarley; produced at the ^Royalty The-
^!, London, on December 21, 1892, with
^ S. Penley, Miss Branson, and Miss Cud-
^- em their original parts, E. Hendrie as
Pettigue, Brandon Thomas as Sir Francis
Chesney, P. Lyndal as Jack, and Miss Nina
Boucicault as Kitty; transferred to the
Globe Theatre, London, on January 30,
1893 [performed there 1460 times] ; acted first
in America at Bethlehem, Pa., September
29, 1893 ; first in New York at the Standard
Theatre, October 2, 1893. The comedy,
translated into French, was acted for several
hundred nights at the Cluny Theatre, Paris,
in 1898-9.
Charlie. A musical comedietta in one
act, by Herbert Harraden, Terry's The-
atre, London, April 30, 1891.
Charlie's Uncle. See Noble Art.
Chariot. See Follies of a Night and
Frolique.
Charlotte, in Ltllo's 'Fatal Curiosity'
{q.v.), is in love with young Wilmot. (2)
The dumb girl in Fielding's ' INIock Doctor.'
(3) Daughter of Sir John Lambert in BlC-
KERSTAiF's ' Hypocrite.' (4) The orphan
heiress in Macklin's 'Love i\ la Mode'
{q.v.). (5) Maid to the Countess in Thomp-
son's 'Stranger' {q.v.). Also the name of
characters in (1) 'The Gamester' and (2)
' Werter.'
Charlotte Corday. This heroine of
French history has been the leadins per-
sonage in, and has given the title to, several
P^nglish plays :— (1) A drama performed at
the Park Theatre, New York, in 1803, with
IMrs. Johnson as Charlotte, and with Marat,
Robespierre, and Marie Antoinette among
other personce. (2) A "poetic drama" by
James Mortimer {q.v.), produced at the
Theatre Royal, Dublin, on December 14,
1876, with Miss Bella Pateman in the
title part. (3) A play in four acts, by
"J. C. Montesquieu" (Kyrle Bellew)
{q.v.), first produced in January, 1894, at
the Corinthian Theatre, Calcutta, with
the author as Marat and Mrs. Brown
Potter as Charlotte; first performed in
America in July, 1894, at the Baldwin The-
atre, San Francisco ; produced at the Haar-
lem Opera House, New York, in February,
1895 ; first performed in England at the
Grand, Islington, on December 13, 1897 ;
produced at the Adelphi Theatre, London,
on January 21, 1898— in every case with the
author and Mrs. Potter in their original
parts, and in the last-named instance with
Luigi Lablache as Francois de Corday
D'Armont, F. Everill as the Abbe Fleurioi,
W. T. Lovell as David, Miss B. Macdonald
as Hose, etc.
Charlotte Russe. A play bv Robert
Griffin Morris, performed in U.S.A. in
1887. See Checkmate.
Charm (The). A comedietta by Walter
Besant {q.v.) and W. H. Pollock {q-v.),
first performed at St. George's Hall, London,
on July 22, 1884.
Charmed Life (A). A drama by J.
Whittaker, Theatre Royal, Barrow in-
Furness, May 10, 1875.
CHARMIAN
276
CHATEAU DE GRANTIER
Charmian. Maid to Cleopatra in
Shakespeare's 'Antony and Cleopatra
[q.v.) and Dryden'S ' All for Love ' {q.v.).
Charming- Cottage (The). A piece
written by Shirley Brooks {q.v.) for the
German Reeds' entertainment.
Charming-, King-. See KixG Charm-
ing.
Charming- Mrs. Gaythorne. A
comedv in three acts, by Charles Smith
Cheltnam, Criterion Theatre, Loudon, April
19, 1894.
Charming- Pair (A). A farce in one
act, by T. J. Williams (g.r.), first performed
at the Princess's Theatre, London, on May
27, 1S63, with R. Roxby, Belmore, Mrs. H.
Maiston, etc.
Charming Polly (The). A drama in
two acts, bv J. T. Haines, tirst performed
at the Surrey Theatre on June 29, 1S33.
Charming- the First. King of the
Fan-Sea Isles, in Planche's 'King Charm-
ing'(g.r.).
Charming- Widow (A). An adapta-
tion of Alfred de Musset's 'Un Caprice
(n V ) produced at the Lyceum Theatre,
London, in March, 1S54, with Miss Talbot
in the title part.
Charming- Woman (The). A comedy
in three acts, by Horace Wigan (g.r.),^
adapted from Rosier's ' A Trente Ans
(Paris Vaudeville, 1S40), and first performed
at the Olympic Theatre, London, on June
20, 1S61, with the author as Symptom (a
m'alade imaginaire), G. Cooke as Sir Mv.l-
berry Matchem, F. Robinson (and afterwards
H Neville) as Alfred Ardent, W. Gordon as
Bitterbliss, 3Iiss Amy Sedgwick as J//>-.
Bloomly, and Mrs. Stephens as Mrs. Bitter-
bliss.
Charms. A comedy-drama in four acts,
by Sir Charles L. Young (g.r.), first per-
formed at the Queen's Theatre, London, on
the afternoon of July 26, 1S71, with a cast
comprising Lin Rayne, J. Maclean, G. Rig-
nold W. Rignold, Miss Marie Henderson,
and 'Mrs. C. H. Stephenson ; first played
in America at Chicago, U.S.A., in AprU,
18S7.
Charmyon. A play in three acts, by
Sir Charles Young (q.v.).
Charnock, John (1756-1S07). Author
of ' Loyalty ; or, Invasion Defeated, an
historical tragedy, printed in 1810.
Charon, in Planche and Dance's
' Olympic Devils' (q.v-).
Charring-ton, Charles. Actor ; has
plaved in London the foUowing original
parts —Dei-ii Caresfoot in the drana so
named (1SS7), Marchcastle in 'The Love
Storv' (18SS), Dimmesdale in Alec Nelson's
'Scarlet Letter' (ISSS). Dr. Bank in the
English version of ' A Doll's House (1SS9),
Anthonv Watt in' Alexandra' (1893), Gerard
Douglas in ' Clever Alice ' (1893), the Hang-
man in ' The Three Wayfarers ' (1893), th
diplomatist in ' Foreign Policy ' (1893), an-
Belling in the English version of ' The Wil-
Duck' (1897). He has also been seen i
London as Sir Charles Mountford in 'i
Woman killed with Kindness' (1887
Othello (Vaudeville Theatre, 1SS7), Duvc
p'ere in ' Camille ' (188S), Helmer in * A Doll
House ' (1892), Sir Horace Welby in ' Forge
:Me Not ' (1892), etc. For Nelson's ' Scarl(
Letter' (q.v.) he wrote the opening act (
prologue. He has been at various time
and for short periods, lessee of the Novelt,
Avenue, Royalty, and Terry's Theatr
London.
Chart, Henry Nye. Actor and th
atrical manager, born in London, 1822, dU
1876 ; after some success as an amateu
made his professional debut in August, 184
at Sadler's Wells, where he was seen .
such parts as Touchstone and Dogberry. .
1850 he went to Brighton Theatre as stag
manager, and there, under Henry Farre.
played low comedy. In 1854 he succeed-
Farren as lessee of the house, and, twel
years later, became its proprietor. He i:
mediately rebuilt the theatre, opening it
October, 1866 [see Brighton (Sussex
Among his roles at Brighton were Gla
in ' The Ladv of Lvons,' Hassarac in 'Op
Sesame' (g.r'). Claude Frollo in ' Esnieralc
(q.v.), and Gnatbrain in ' Black-Eyed Susa
(g.i-.). In 1867 he married Ellen Elizabe
Roliason, an actress of some experien
who, after the death of her husband, und
took the direction of the theatre, hers
dving in 1892.— Henry Nye Chart, son of i.
above, and born in 1863, gained his ti'
professional experience in 1890 as a mem ;
of the Kendal company in U.S.A.
appeared in 1892 at the Globe Theat
London, in 'Ned's Chum' (q.v.), and
1895 at the Court Theatre m 'Nar'
Fair' (q.v.).
Chase, Squire, in J. B. BuCKSTO>i
' Luke the Labourer' (q.v.).
Chassaig-ne. See Brazilian, The, ; I
Nadgy.
Chaste Maid in Cheapside (..
A " pleasant conceited" comedy by THO.>
Middleton. "often acted at the Swaud
the Bankside," and printed in 1630.
Yellow HAMMER.
Chaste Salute (The). A play H
formed at the Park Theatre, New Yor.n^
1832, and at the Olympic Theatre, Lon.%
in October, 1838.
Chastelard, the hero of SwaNBUB's
poetical play so named (printed ml)/,
also figures in W. G. WiLLS's 'Mane Stiu
(q.v.) and in Muskerry'S ' Gascon (q.^
Chat- A play adapted by J. A. Fka &.
and performed in U.S.A.
Chat, Dame, in Still's ' Gan er
Gurtons Needle ' (q.v.).
Chateau de Grantier (Le). «•
Double Marriage, The.
CHATEAU DE MA MERE
277
CHEAP EXCURSION
Chateau de ma Mere (Le). See
Dowager, The.
I Chateau du Tilleur (Le). See
Mother's Secret, The.
Chateau Renaud. A character in
The Corsican Brothers' (q.v.) and in all
he travesties of that piece.
Chateaumarg-aux, Viscount. A
'Parisian butterfly" in Selby's 'Marble
leart '(?.!;.)•
Chatte metamorphosee en femme
La). See Puss.
Chatter. A musical comedy adapted
rem 'Die Naherrin' of Carl Millocker and
acobsohn, and produced at Wallack's The-
tre, New York, in August, 1885, with Mdme.
Jottrelly as the heroine.
Chatterley, Mrs. "W. S. [Louisa
imeon]. Actress, born 1797, died 1866;
lade her London debut at the Lyceum
Theatre in July, 1816, as Harriet in ' Is he
realous?' In 1820 she appeared at the
[tlympic as Amelia in 'Twelve Precisely'
^.v.). In 1821 she was Jtdia in 'The
ilivals ' at the Haymarket, appearing later
t Covent Garden as Kate Ilardcastle, Letitia
lardy. Lady Teazle, and Edmund in ' The
lindBoy.' In 1830 she married, entecondes
oces, a Mr. Place, and retired from the
,age, to which, however, she by-and-by
^turned, joining Wigan's company at tlie
lympic. She was in the cast of ' Born
ith Good Luck' at the Adelphi in 1S5G,
id of Morton's 'French Lady's Maid' in
!58. See Oxberry's • Dramatic Biography '
826).
Chatterley, "William. Simmonds.
ctor, born in London, 17S7 ; died at Lynn,
,;22 ; appeared on the stage as a child both
i Drury Lane (1789) and at the King's The-
re in the Haymarket (1791). In 1796 he
presented at the former house the child
. Garrick's 'Isabella' (q.v.), and in 1799
as the original boy in ' Pizarro ' (q.v.). In
,04 he went into the country, appearing
Cheltenham, Bath, and elsewhere. In
16 he was at the Lyceum, and he after-
irds figured at other London theatres,
e married Louisa Simeon in 1814. "He
ayed the very old men so well that he
ight be said to have been almost another
tiller. In Kecksey he was only inferior
Dodd, and that at no great distance"
enest). See Chatterley, Mrs.
Chatterly, Lord, figures in Westland
ARSTO.N's ' Patrician's Daughter' (q.v.).
Chatterton, Frederick Balsir.
leatrical manager, born 1S34, died 18S6 ;
iersome experience as an amateur actor,
IS in 1857 appointed acting-manager of
e Lyceum under Charles Dillon (q.v.). In
)9 he became lessee of the St. James's,
d in 1866 lessee of Drury Lane Theatre,
whose management he had been asso-
-ted with Edmund Falconer since 1863.
1871 he added to his responsibilities the
management, with Benjamin Webster, of
the Adelphi and Princess's Theatres. He
was obliged to close Drury Lane in February,
1879, being then in debt to the amount of
£36,000. He is credited with the saying
that to a theatrical manager " Shakespeare
spells ruin, and Byron bankruptcy."
Chatterton, Lady Georg-iana,
Novelist and miscellaneous writer, died
1876 ; author of ' Oswald of Deira,' a drama,
printed in 1867.
Chatterton, Thomas. Poet, born at
Bristol, 1752 ; died in London, 1770 ; ranks
among playwrights as the author of 'The
Revenge' (q.v.), a lurletta, performed at
Marylebone Gardens shortly after his death.
His works include, further, ' -^lla : a tragy-
cal enterlude,' and ' Goddwyn,' a fragment
of " a tragedy," both of which he attributed
to " Thomas Rowleie." See the editions of
the works published by Tyrwhitt in 1777,
Milles in 1782, Southey and Cottle in 1803,
Willcox in 1842, and the Rev. W. W. Skeat
in 1871 ; also the biographies of Chatterton
bv Gregory (1789), Davis (1806). Britton
(1813), Dix (1837), Willcox (1842), INIartin
(1865), Wilson (1869), Bell (1871), and Masson
(1875). Alfred de Vigny made Chatterton's
brief and romantic career the subject of a
play; and there have been at least three
English dramatic pieces on the same topic :
(1) 'Chatterton :' a play in one act, by H.
A. Jones (q.v.) and II. Herman (q.v.), first
performed at the Princess's Theatre, London,
on May 22, 1884, with Wilson Barrett in the
title part, and G. Barrett, Miss Emmeline
Ormsby, Miss Mary Dickens, and ]\Irs. Hunt-
ley in the other rdles. (2) 'Tlie Life and
Death of Chatterton : ' a play in one act,
by George Marsh, Rotunda Theatre.
Liverpool, July 31, 1885. (3) 'Chatterton : '
a play in one act, by Ernest Lacy', first
performed in New York, at the Broadway
Theatre, on the afternoon of March 26, 1897,
by a company including Miss Julia Marlowe.
See Shattered 'Un.
Chaubert ; or, The Misanthrope.
A tragedy printed in 1789, and notable as
containing a soliloquy three pages long.
Chaucer, Geoffrey, the poet, is one
of the characters in Gay's ' Wife of liath '
(q.v.) and in E. L. Blanchard's 'Friar
Bacon' (g.u.). See Riddle, The.
Chaunter. King of the beggars and
father of Hunter, in Coffey's ' Beggar's
Wedding' (q.v.).
Chauzeuil, The Abbe, figures in all
the adaptations of ' Adrienne Lecouvreur '
(q.v.).
Chaves, A. Author of ' The Cares of
Love,' a comedy, published in 1705.
Cha-wles. The chief character in H. J.
Byron's ' A Fool and his Money' (q.v.).
Cheap Excursion (A). A farce in one
act, by Edward Stirling, first performed
at the Strand Theatre, London, May 19,
1851, by Mrs. Seymour, Maskell, Rogers, J.
Reeve, Tilbury, etc.
CHEAP JACK
CHERRY AND FAIR STAR
Cheap Jack; or, Loved and De-
ceived. A drama in three acts, by Edward
Towers, Pavilion Theatre, London, April 6,
1874.
Cheap liiving:. A comedy in five acts,
by Frederick Reynolds, first performed
at Drury Lane in October, 1797, with Mrs.
Jordan as Sir Edward Bloomly.
Cheat (The). (1) A pantomime acted
at Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1720. (2) A
comedy, translated from Plautus, by
Richard Warner, and printed in 1772.
Cheatly, in Shadwell's 'Squire of
Alsatia' {q.v.), is an imprisoned debauchee
who finds money for young spendthrifts.
Cheats (The). A comedy by John
Wilson, written in 1662, and printed in
1664.
Cheats of Scapin (The). A farce by
Thomas Otway {q.v.), printed in 1G77.
' ' Not much more than a translation of
Moli^re's ' Fourberies de Scapin.' "
Check. A play by Fred Marsden, per-
formed in U.S.A.
Checkmate. A comedy in two acts, by
Andrew Halliday {q.v.), first performed
at the Royalty Theatre, London, on July 15,
1869, Avith Miss M. Oliver as Charlotte
Eusse, F. Dewar as Sir Everton Toffee, Miss
C. Saunders as Martha Bun, and E. Dan-
vers as Sam Winkle ; revived at the Royalty
in 1878, with Lin Rayne as Sir Egerton, C.
Groves as Winkle, F. Leslie as Parsley, INIiss
R. Roberts as Charlotte, Miss H. Coveney as
Martha. (2) ' Checkmate ; or, A Duel in
Love : ' an adaptation, in one act, of ' Ba-
taille de Dames,' first performed at the
Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York, Decem-
ber 1, 1869, with iNIiss F. Davenport as the
Comtesse, Miss Agnes Ethel as L^onie, W.
Davidge as Montrichard, D. H. Harkins as
Flavigneid, G. Clarke as De Grignon. —
' Checkmated ; or, Wait and Hope : ' a drama
in three acts, Theatre Roval, Portsmouth,
March 19, 1869.
Cheek. A page-boy in Halliday's
'Checkmate' {q.v.).
Cheeks. A bailiff in B. Bernard's ' A
Life's Trial' (g.r.)
Cheerly, Widow. The heroine of
Cherry's ' Soldier's Daughter' {q.v.).
Chelonice. Wife of Cleomhrotus in
Mrs. Cowley's 'Fate of Sparta' {q.v.).
Cheltnam, Charles Smith. Dra-
matic Avriter, born 1S23 ; author of ' Eden-
dale' (1869), 'The Greenwich Pensioner'
(1869), 'Grace Holden' (1S69), 'Christmas
Eve' (1870), 'The Matchmaker' (1871),
'Charming Mrs. Gaythorne ' (1894), 'De-
borah,' ' Dinner for Nothing,' ' Fairy's
Father,' ' A Lesson in Love,' ' More Precious
than Gold,' ' Mrs. Green's Snng Little
Business, ' Slowtop's Engagements,' 'The
Lucky Escape ; ' was theatrical critic of the
Reader from April, 1863, to the autumn o:
1864. See the ' Era Almanack ' for 1868.
Chelsea. A "temperance porter" it
Mark Lemon's 'Moving Tale' {q.v.).
Chelsea Pensioner (The). (I) A
comic opera by Charles Dibdin {q.v.), firs'
performed at Covent Garden in May, 1779
(2) A domestic drama by G. Soank {q.v.)
produced at the Queen's Theatre, Loudon
on October 29, 1835.
Cheque on my Banker (A). Sec
Wanted a Wife.
Cheque-book (The). A play b-
Charles F. Coghlan {q.v.), first perfonnet'
at Washington, U.S.A., in April, 1892.
Chequer. A character in Reynolds'
' Arbitration' (g.r.).
Cheribel. See Cherry and Fat;
Star.
Cherokee (The). A comic opera wrif
ten by James Cobb, composed by Storace
and first performed at Drury Lane in 1794
revived, with new music by Kelly, at Drur
Lane in 1802, under the title of ' Algonab.'
Cherries. A comedietta. Gaiety Th(
atre, Dublin, February 23, 1875.
" Cherries kissing- as they grow.
—Beaumont and Fletcher, ' Valentinian
(song).
Cherry. (1) Daughter of Boniface i
Farquhar's 'Beaux' Stratagem' {q.v.). (Ji
A character in Paul Merritt's 'Stolej
Kisses ' {q.v.). ]
Cherry. A play in one act, by J. Jami,'
Hewson, Shakespeare Theatre, Liverpoc;
July IS, 1895.
Cherry and Fair Star. A story 1
the Countess D'Aulnoy has formed tl
basis of the following (and other) dn
matic pieces : — (1) ' Cherry and Fair Sta
or, The Children of Cyprus : ' a mel
dramatic romance in two acts, first p(
formed at Covent Garden on April 8, 182
with Mrs. Vining and Miss Foote in t
title parts, Farley as Sanguinheck (a captair
Grimaldi as Tofac (his slave), Blanchard •
Hassanbad, Chapman as Giaffier (vizier »
Cyprus), Miss Beaumont as Aviarya..
(fairy queen), etc. ; performed in Ni-
York in 1825. (2) 'Fair Star; or, T'
Singing Apple and the Dancing Waters
a burlesque by Albert Smith and Joi;
OXENFORD, produced at the Princess's
April, 1S44, with Mrs. H. P. Grattan -
Cherry ["she wore," says G. A. Sala,
tunic made of some extraordinary fab
into which spun-glass entered largely
(3) ' Harlequin Cherry and Fair Star ;
The Green Bird, the Dancing Waters, a
the Singing Tree : ' a pantomime by Geor
Ellis, performed at the Princess's Theat
London, on December 27, 1852, with F. Cof;
as Prince Cheribel, Daly as the Princess Fi
Star, Terry as Siksiyensamilo (a cabmanX ,
Saker as Topac-al-Widdi, and Miss K'
Terry as Everiweriana (queen of the per,.
(4) A burlesque on this subject, by C. .
CHERRY
CHESTER PLAYS
Collins, was produced at the Strand The-
itrein June, 1855, with Miss Rebecca Isaacs
IS Cherry. (5) A pantomime by E. L. Blan-
3HARD {Q-V.), produced at Sadler's Wells,
London, m December. 1861, with Miss Hud-
speth as Fair Star. (6) A burlesque by C. H.
Eazlewood (g.y.). Britannia Theatre, Lon-
ion, April, 1867. (7) A burlesque by Frank
vV. Green (Jl-v.), first performed at the
Surrey Theatre, London, on April 4, 1874,
vith Miss Nelly Power as Cherry and J.
?awnas Conrad the Corsair; played at the
Mnce's Theatre, Manchester, in May, 1885,
ls 'Cheribel,' and produced at the Grand
theatre, Islington, in the following month.
Cherry, Andrew. Playwright and
xtor, born at Limerick, 1762, died 1812 ; was
he son of a bookseller, and, after some
experience as an amateur (gained while
,pprenticed to a Dublin printer), made his
ntr^e as a professional actor, at the age of
eventeen, as Colonel Felrjniuell in ' A Bold
litroke for a Wife,' at Naas, near Dublin,
jiome "strolling" followed; after which
iJherry returned for a time to the printing
rade, only, however, to recur before long to
he stage, serving successively under travel-
ing managers named Knipe and Atkins,
ater he entered the stock company at
jimock Alley, Dublin, whence he went in
|791 to the North Eastern circuit in England
s a member of Tate Wilkinson's troupe,
[e afterwards performed in Ireland (1704),
lanchester (1796), and Bath (1798), making
is London dibut at Drury Lane Theatre on
eptember 25, 1802, as Sir Benjamin Dove
\ 'The Brothers' and Lazarillo in 'Two
trings to your Bow.' Here he remained
5r several years, afterwards undertaking
lanagement in the provinces. The elder
harles Mathews wrote of Cherry : " He is
Q extremely little man, with a droll face.
[is old men are uncommonly rich, and his
Duntry boys are the most simple and
umorous of any I have seen after Blan-
aard ; indeed, in any line of comedy he
: a charming actor." The folloMing dra-
latic pieces are ascribed to Cherry :—
Harlequin on the Stocks' (1793), 'The
utcasts' (1796), 'The Soldier's Dausrhter'
.804), 'AH for Fame ' (1805), 'The Village'
805), 'The Travellers' (1806), 'Spanish
ollars' (1806). 'Peter the Great' (1807),
id * A Day in London ' (1807). See Willcin-
m's 'Wandering Patentee' (1795), 'The
hespian Dictionary' (1805), ' Biographia
ramatica ' (1812), Genest's ' English Stage '
832).
Cherry Bounce. A farce in one act, by
. J. Raymond {q.v.), first performed at
idler's Wells Theatre in 1823, with Keeley
i Gregory Homespun. Among the other
laracters are two farmers called Gammon
id Spinach.
Cherry Hall. A play in three acts, by
3RBES Dawson, Avenue Theatre, London,
ine 14, 1894.
Cherry Pickers (The). A play by
)SEPH ARTHUR, first performed at the
cademy of Music, Newbury, New York
State, June 18, 1896 ; first performed in New
York City, Fourteenth Street Theatre, Octo-
ber 12, 1896.
Cherry Tree Farm. A musical sketch,
libretto by Arthur Law, music by Hamilton
Clarke, first performed at St. George's Hall,
London, May 30, 1881.
Cherry Tree Inn (The). See Elfie.
Cherubino. See Mariage de Figaro.
Chester, Edith. Actress, died 189t ;
was the original representative of Lettice in
' Harvest ' (1886), Xa^i in ' Kit Marlowe '
(1892), Lady Orreyd in 'The Second Mrs.
Tanqueray ' (1893), etc., and was in the first
London cast of ' A Pantomime Rehearsal '
(Terry's Theatre, 1891).
Chester, Miss. Actress, born 1799 ;
made her dibut at Drury Lane on July 3,
1820, as Portia, followed by Desdemona "and
Lady Teazle. At Covent Garden in 1822
she played Mrs. Oakley, Violante, Widow
Cheerly, etc. See Oxberry's 'Dramatic
Biography ' (1826).
Chester, Miss. See Miss Chester,
Chester, Philippa. The heroine of
Charles Reade's ' Wandering Heir ' {q.v.).
Chester Plays (The), tAventy-five in
number, were enacted from 1268 to 1577,
and again in 1600, on the first three days in
Whitsun week, each play being undertaken
by one of the twenty-five trade companies
of the city. A local proclamation, made in
the twenty-fourth year of Henry VIII. '.s.
reign, comprises the following account of
their origin : "Of old time . . . a play and
declaration of divers storyes of the Bible,
beginning with the creation and fall of
Lucifer, and ending with the generall Judg-
ment of the World, . . . was devised and
made by one S'' Henry Frances, sometyme
monck of this monastrey disolved, who
obtayning and got of Clement, then bishop
of Rome, a thousand dayes of pardon, and
of the bishop of Chester at that time forty
days of pardon, graunted from thensforth
to every person resorting in peaceable
manner with good devotion to heare and
see the sayd plays from tyme to tyme, as oft
as they shall be played within the sayd
citty . . . which playes were devised to the
honor of God by John Arnway, then Maior
of this citty of Chester [1268-1276]." The
text of the plays is contained in four manu-
scripts of various dates, from 1597 to 1607,
and was edited for the Shakspere Society
by Thomas Wright in 1843 and 1847. The
first thirteen plays were afterwards edited
for the Early English Text Society by Dr.
H. Deimling in 1892. Specimens are in-
cluded in A. W. Pollard's ' English Miracle
Plays' (1890). The authorship of the series
has been ascribed to one "Randall Hig-
genett, a monk of Chester abby." " As
regards metre and form, the cycle," says
Pollard, "shows exceptional unity. It is
mainly written in eight-line stanza. ... If
it be true, as Professor Ten Brink suggests,
that the Chester cycle is both less important
11
CHESTERFIELD THINSKIN
CHEVEE DE PLOERMEL
and less original than those of York and
Woodkirk, and that its best, both of pathos
and humour, appears to be borrowed, it
must be allowed on the other hand that its
author was possessed of an unusual share
of good taste. . . . There is less in the Chester
plays to jar on modern feelings than in any
other of the cycles. The humour is kept
more within bounds, the religious tone is
far higher, and the speeches of the Expositor
at the end of each play shows that a real
effort was made to serve the religious object
to which all Miracle plays were ostensibly
directed."
Chesterfield Th.inskin. A farce in
one act, first performed at the Princess's
Theatre, London, in 1853, w^ith Harley in the
title part, and other 7-6les by Miss Vivash,
Addison, Meadows, etc.
Chettle, Henry. Dramatic and mis-
cellaneous writer ; son of a London dyer ;
apprenticed (1577-15S5) to a stationer ; and
mentioned in Meres' ' Palladis Tamia*
(159S) as one of the best "for comedy
amongst us." He was the author (according
to A. H. Bullen) of the following plays :—
'A Woman's Tragedy ' (159S), ' 'Tis no Deceit
to Deceive the Deceiver' (1-'^9S), 'Troy's
Revenge, with the Tragedy of Polyphemus '
(159S-9), ' Sir Placidas' (1599), ' Damon and
Pythias ' (1599-1600), 'The Wooing of Death '
(1600), 'All is not Gold that Glisters'
(1600-1), ' Life of Cardinal Wolsey ' (1601),
'Tobias '(1602), ' A Danish Tragedy' (1602),
•Robin Goodfellow' (1602), 'The Tragedy
of Hoffman' (1602), and 'The London
Florentine,' pt. ii. (1602-3). He had a liand
in the production of over thirty other plays,
for a list of which see the ' Dictionary of
National Biography' (A. H. Bullen). See
Henslowe's Diary (1597-3603); also, the
' Biographia Dramatica ' (1812).
Chetwood, William Rufus. Dra-
matic and miscellaneous writer, died 1766 ;
began life as a publisher. In 1722-3 he
became prompter at Drury Lane Theatre,
which he left in 1741-2 to undertake similar
duties at the Smock Alley Theatre, Dublin.
Several actors, including Barry and Macklin,
are said to have benefited by his instruc-
tions. He was the author of four dramatic
pieces— two acted (' The Lover's Opera,'
1729, and ' The Generous Freemason '), and
two unacted ('The Stock Jobbers' and
' South Sea,' both printed in 1720). He
wrote, also, a ' General History of the Stage '
(1749), and ' The British Theatre, contain-
ing the Lives of the English Dramatic
Poets ' (1760), besides editing a number of
Elays. See the ' Biographia Dramatica,'
it'chcock's 'Irish Stage," and Genest'a
' English Stage.'
Cheval Bronze (Le). See Bronze
HOKSE, The.
Chevalier, Albert. Actor and vocalist,
born in London, March, 1862 ; made his
stage debut as a boy, and under the name
of Knight, at the Prince of Wales's Theatre,
London, in September, 1877. In 1879 he
figured at the Court Theatre, and in 1879-80
at the St. James's. In 18S3 he was in
the casts of Robertson's ' M.P.' and ' Ours,'
at Toole's, and of 'Low Water' (then first
performed) at the Globe. He was the
original representative of Achille Blond in
Pinero's ' ^Magistrate ' (Court, 1S85), Otto
Bernstein in 'The Schoolmistress ' (Court,
1886), Sir Leopold Boyne d'Acosta in ' Airey
Annie' (Strand, ISSS), Silas Hobbs in 'The
Real Little Lord Fauntleroy' (1SS8), Jfr.
Firmin in ' Doctor Bill ' (Avenue, 1890), etc.,
and was also in the first casts of ' Katti,'
' His Wives,' ' Run Wild,' ' Kleptomania,'
' The Prima Donna,' ' The Struggle for Life,'
etc. He was seen, further, at the Strand
(1888), as Abanazar in Byron's ' Aladdin ' [ic
which he sang the first of his coster songs,
' Our 'Armonic Club '], and at the Avenue
(1889) as Francis I. in Brough's 'Field ol
the Cloth of Gold' {q.v.). In February.
1891, he left the stage for the music-halls!
returning to the former, however, in 1897 :
in order to appear in his own play, ' TThe
Land of Nod ' {q.v.). In addition to the last
named piece, he is the author of ' Callec
Back Again,' a burlesque (1885), ' Cycling,
a comedietta (188S), 'Shatter'd Un,' a bur
lesque (1891), asd the libretto of ' Wher
Widows Wooed ' (1899) ; as well as part '
author, with W. Mackintosh, of 'Peebles'
(1881) and 'The Lady-Killer' (1885), and'
with George Canninge, of ' Shylock & Co. \
(1891). See ' Albert Chevalier : a Recorc;
by Himself ' [and Brian Daly] (1895).
Chevalier de la Maison Roug(
(Le). See Chevalier of the Maiso:
Rouge and Genevieve.
Chevalier de St. George (The), i
drama in two acts, adapted from the Frencl
of MM. MelesvUle and Roger de Beauvoir
and first performed at the Princess's The
atre, London, on May 20, 1845, with Wal
lack in the title part, and other rdles b;
Granby, Ranoe, Oxberry, Mrs. Stirling, an(
Miss E. Honner. The original play wa
first performed at Paris in February, 1840
with Lafont as the hero. See Self-Made
Chevalier des Dames (Tin). Se^,
Ladies' Champion, The. j
Chevalier du Guet (Le). See Cap,
TAIN OF THE WaTCH, THE.
Chevalier of the Maison Roug^
(The); or, The Days of Terror! <
romantic drama in three acts, adapted frou'
the French of Alexandre Dumas by COLi:
Hazlewood iq.v.), and first performed f
London on August 1, 1859.
Chevaliers du Brouillard (Les!
See Jack Sheppard ; Knights of th
Fog ; Knights of Tyburn ; Old London
Stone Jug.
Chevaliers du Lansquenet (Les!
See Knights of the Round Table.
Cheviot Hill, The leading male chf
racter in W. S. Gilbert's ' Engaged' {q.v.'
Chevre de Ploermel (La). Se
DINORAH UNDER DIFFICULTIES.
i
CHEVY CHASE
2S1
CHILDREX IX THE WOOD
Chevy Chase. A melodrama by J. R.
Planch:^ (q.v.), produced in 1835-6, with
■iarley and Mrs. Humby in prominent
)arts. "The music by Macfarren," says
Planch^, " was agreeable and character-
stic."
Chicag-Oj the City of Flames. A
Irama by H. R. Beverley, Colos^seum
Theatre, Liverpool, January 29. 1872.—
Chicago :' a play by Charles H. Hall,
Irst performed at Havlin's Theatre, Chicago,
11., December 15. 1895.
Chicken, Sir Carey. First Lord of
he Admiralty in Coyne and Talfourd'.s
Leo the Terrible '(g. v.).
Chickenstalker, Mrs., in 1 Beckett
nd Lemon's adaptation of 'The Chimes'
J.V.).
Chickweed. A play by E. Selden and
!. Barnard, performed in U.S.A.
ehickweed, Jonathan. Town-crier in
'. J. Williams's ' Nursey Chickweed '(g.v.).
Chicot the Jester. A romantic drama
y H. A. Saintsbury, founded on Dumas
^re's ' Dame de Monsoreau,' and performed
lOr copyright purposes) at the Gaiety,
i:astino;s, December 15, l£9S.— Chicot is the
lame of the jester in E. Stirling's ' Dragon
linight' (q.v.).
Chieftain (The). A comic opera in two
^.ts, words by F. C. BURNAND (q.v.), music
Y Sir Arthur Sullivan, first performed at
le Savoy Theatre, London, on December 12,
)94, with Miss Florence St. John as Jlita,
iss R. Brandram as Inez de Roxas, Miss
, Perry as Dolly Grigg, Miss Emmie Owen
; Juanita, Courtice Pounds as Count Vas-
lez de Gonzago, Walter Passmore as Peter
dolphus Grigg, Scott Fishe as Ferdinand
: Roxas, and other parts by R. Temple, M.
. Morand, and Scott Russell ; withdrawn
arch 16, 1895 ; first produced in America
Abbey's Theatre, New York, September 9,
95, with Miss Lulu Glaser as Rita, Rhys
lomas as the Count, and Francis Wilson
' Brigg.s. See Contrabandista.
Chiffonier de Paris (Le). See Rag-
CKER OP Paris, The.
Chignon. Valet to Miss Alscrip in
irgoyne's ' Heiress ' (q.v.).
Chilax. Lieutenant to 3Iemnon in
.etcher's ' Mad Lover ' (g.u.).
Child of Chance (The). A farce in
0 acts, by Charles Kemble, first per-
-med at the Haymarket on July 8, 1812.
) ' A Child of Chance : ' a drama in four
ts, adapted from Ouida's novel, ' Tricotrin,'
W. Howell-Poole, and first performed
the Court Theatre, Liverpool, August 6,
iQ.
Cihild of Charity (The). A domestic
ima, performed at the Victoria Theatre,
ndon, with Miss Vincent as Mary Ann,
i heroine.
IJhild of Naples (A). A play adapted
Horace Townsend from the story by
Edmond About, and first performed at the
Columbia Theatre, Chicago, January 7, 1890.
See Angela.
Child of Nature (The). A comedy in
four acts, adapted by Mrs. Incheald from
the 'Zelie' of Mdme. Felicite Genlis, and
first performed at Covent Garden in No-
vember, 1789 ; revived at Covent Garden in
1810, with Miss Sally Booth as Amanthis ;
and at the same theatre in 1814, with Miss
Foote in that part. See Amanthis.
Child of the Reg-iment (The) ; or.
The Fortune of War. A musical
comedy in two acts, the libretto by J. B.
BuCKSTONK (q-v.), founded on that of Doni-
zetti's ' La Figlia del Reggimento ' (q.v.), and
first performed at the Haymarket, with the
author as Guillot (a peasant), Clarke as Duke
Arr.hamhrant de Grandtete, J. Bland as Ser-
geant Anriibal Scalade, Tilbury as Pumper-
nickel, Mrs. Stanley as Duchess de Grandtete,
Mrs. Sv. Clifford as Marchionesa de Berken-
feldt, and Mrs. Fitzwilliam in the title part
(Josephine) ; performed in U.S.A. in 1S72-3,
with J. Howson as Scalade. Under the title
of 'The Child of the Regiment' Donizetti's
opera was performed at Niblo's Garden,
New York, in 1844, and at the Gaiety
Theatre, London, on May 6, 1871. See
Rataplan.
Child of the Sun (The). A play by
John Brougham (q.v.), music by J. H.
Tully, at Astley's Theatre, London, in Oc-
tober, 1865, M'ith ISIiss Menken as Leon, and
Miss Kate Carson as Juanita.
Child of the Wreck (The). A drama
in two acts, by J. R. Blanche (q.v.), first
performed at Drury Lane in October, 1837,
with Mdme. Celeste as Maurice (a dumb
boy) ; performed in New York in 1S3S, with
Celeste in her oi'iginal part ; revived at the
Lyceum, London, on February 16, 1859, with
Celeste as Maurice and Mrs. Keeley as
Frantz.
Childhood's Dreams. A play in one
act, by Sir Charles Young (q.v.).
Children (The); or, Give them their
Way. A comic drama, words by Prince
Hoare, music by Kelly, first performed at
Drury Lane in April, ISOO, with Bannister
and Mrs. Jordan in the cast.
Children in the Wood (The). (1) A
musical piece in two acts, words by Thomas
Morton, music by Samuel Arnold, first
performed at the Haymarket Theatre in
October, 1793, with Bannister as Walter;
revived at the Haymarket in 1826, with
Cooper as Walter. (2) A pantomime by E.
L. Blanchard (q.v.), Drury Lane, December
26, 1872, with Violet Cameron, Jessie Yokes
as Columbine, Rosina Yokes as Harlequina.
(3) A pantomime by Osman, New Regent
Theatre, Westminster, December 23, 1871.
(4) A pantomime by the Brothers Gf.inn,
produced at the Adelphi Theatre, London,
December 24, 1874, with Miss Amalia and
Miss Cameron as Williea.nd. Alice Goodchild,
Miss Hudspeth as Barbara Allen, Miss
Sylvia Hodson as Walter Trueheart, Miss
CHILDREN OF ISRAEL
CHIMNEY CORNER
Edith Stuart as Mistletoe, F. Barsby as
Mother Bunch, J, Fawn as Sir Gabriel Grim-
wood, S. Calhaem as Daddy Jacky, ]Miss
Connie Gilchrist as Harlequin, and Coote as
Clown. (5) A burlesque produced at the
Bijou Theatre, Bayswater, March 1, 1S75. (6)
A pantomime by John Douglass, Standard
Theatre, London, December 27, 1S75. (7)
A pantomime by T. L. Clay, Pavilion The-
atre, London, December 26, 1879. See Babes
IN THE Wood.
Ch.ildren of Israel (The). A play
by H. G RATTAN Donnelly, performed in
U.S.A.
Children of Love (The). A play,
based by Pilgrim on a story by Engene
Sue, and performed in New York in 1850.
Children of the King (Th e). A fairy
tale in three acts, translated by Carl Arm-
BRUSTER from the German of Ernest Rosmer
(revised by John Davidson) ; music by
Engelbert Humperdinck ; first performed
at the Court Theatre, London, October 13,
1894, with IMartin Harvey as the Prince,
MissCissie Loftus as the Goose-Girl, D. G.
Boucicault as the Minstrel, Miss Isabel
Bateman as the Witch, and other parts by
H. Ross, F. Thome, R. Soutar, and Miss
Hilda Spong.
Children of the Mist (The). A play,
baso'd on Scott's ' Legend of Montrose,' and
performed in New York in 1S29 ; revived in
1844, with Chippendale as Dugald Dalgetty.
Children of Thespis (The). See
"Williams, John.
Chili Widow (The). A play in three
acts, by Arthur Bourchier and Alfred
SUTRO, adapted from the ' Monsieur le
Directeur ' of Alexandre Bisson and Fabrice
Carre, and first performed at the Royalty
Theatre, London, on September 7, 1895, with
A. Bourchier, W. Blakeley, M. Kinghorne,
Miss Sophie Larkin, Miss Kate Phillips,
and the Misses Violet and Irene Vanbrugh
in the leading parts ; first performed in
America at the Bijou Theatre, New York,
November 30, 1896, by A. Bourchier and
company.
Chilleeurry, Colonel. A leading cha-
racter in E. E. Kidder's ' Bewitched' (c[.v.).
Chillingtone, Mrs. One of the two
interlocutors in Dance's 'Morning Call'
{q.v.).
Chilperic. An opera-bouffe in three
acts, music by Herv^, libretto adapted by
R. Reece, F. a. IMarshall, and R. Man-
sell ; first performed at the Lyceum Theatre,
London, on January -ll, 1870, with Herve in
the title part, Marius as Landry, Coghlan
as Dr. Senna, Odell as Fatout, Miss Dolaro
as Galsuinda, and Miss Emily Muir as
Fredef/onde; performed in the English
provinces in 1871, with Miss E. Soldene in
the title part, Miss Augusta Thomson as
Fredeyonde, Miss Emily Pitt as Galsuinda,
Miss Vesey as Brunehaut, and Mrs. Mallan-
daine as Alfred (a page) ; revived (with
libretto by H. B. Farnie and H. Hersee)
at the Empire Theatre, London, on April 17,
1884, with Herbert Standing in the title part'
H Paulton as De Gruelle, Mdile. Caniille
d'Arville as Fredegonde, Miss Sallie Turner
as Dojia Tuberosa, and H. Wardroper, F.
Bury, J. T. Powers, Miss A. Consuelo, and
Miss M. Shirley in other parts ; at the
Coronet Theatre, March 9, 1903, with an
EngUsh libretto by A. M. Thompson, R.
Mansell, and M. T. Pigott, and with
Courtice Pounds as Chilperic and Mis.-
Winifred Hare as FrMegonde.
Chiltern Hundreds (The). A
"comedy opera" in two acts, written b\
T. Edgar Pemberton {q.v.), and composeci
by T. Anderton ; first performed at the
Alexandra Theatre, London, on April 17,
1852, by T. F. Doyle, Edward Saker, Miss
Lee Stoyle, and Mrs. Edward Saker.
Chilton, Lord. The chief male cha
racter in Marshall's ' False Shame ' {q.v.).
Chimsera (The). A comedy by Tl
Odell, acted at Lincoln's Inn Fields, am,
printed in 1721. The design of this pla;
was "to expose the follies and absurditie
that mankind were drawn into by th"'
epidemical madness" of the South-Se;
Bubble.
Chimes (The), "A Goblin Story, o
some Bells that rang an Old Year out and .
New Year in : " a drama, "in four quarters,
adapted by Mark Lemon and Gilber,
Abbott A. Beckett (by permission) frori
the story by Dickens, and first performe';
at the Adelphi Theatre, London, on Decenr'
her 19, 1844, with O. Smith as Toby Vect:
Wright as Alderman Cute, Paul Bedford a'
Sir Joseph Bouiey, Cullenford as Choicer,
Selby as Richard, Munyard as Jabez, Mis
E. Chaplin as Spirit of the Chimes, Mis
Fortescue as Meggy Ve'ck, Miss E. Hardin
as Lady Bouiey, Miss M. Taylor as Liliai
and r^Irs. F. Matthews as Mrs. Chiclcenstalke
(2) Another version, by Edward Stirli.m
was produced at the Lyceum Theatre o
January 2, 1845, with Keeley as Trott
Veck, ]\Irs. Keeley as Meg, Emery as Wi
Pe/-;i, Meadows as Cztie, etc. See Christma;
Chimes. •
Chimes of Normandy (The). Sc
Cloches de Corneville.
Chimmie Fadden. A play by Edwae
W. TowNSEND, first performed at tt;
Middlesex Opera House. Middletown, Ct;
December 25, 1895 ; first acted in New Yoi <
at the Garden Theatre, January 13, 1896.
Chimney Corner (The). (1) A music
entertainment in two acts, words by Wals
Porter, music by Kelly, first performt
at Drury Lane in October, 1797. (2) ^
domestic drama in two acts, by H.
Craven (5. v.), first performed at the Oljinp
Theatre, London, on February 21, ISGl, wi;.
H. Wigan, F. Robson, W. Gordon, and Mi
Leigh Murray as Solomon, Peter, John, ai,
Patty {Mrs. Peter) Probity respectively, ai
H. Cooper as Sifter ; revived at St. Jame;,
Theatre in February, 1868, with Miss Soph'
Si
1
CHIMNEY SWEEPER
283
CHIPPENDALE
.arkin as Patty Probity. Henry Morley |
■escribes the piece as "not equal to 'The
'orter's Knot,' or ' Daddy Hardacre,' upon
ecollection of both of which it appears to
e founded."
Chimney Sweeper (The). A ballad
pera acted at Goodman's Fields in 1736.
Chim-pan-zee. A magician in 'The
landarin's Daughter' (<i.v.).
Chinaman (The). A farce in three
cts, by John Tresahar {q.v.), first per-
)rmed (under the title of ' Naughty Boys'),
'ity Theatre, Sheffield, July 16, 1894; pro-
uced at the Trafalgar (Duke of York's)
■'heatre, London, September 13, 1894, with
cast including the author, T. G. ^Varren,
. Wyatt, Miss Clara Jecks, Miss Cicely
ichards, etc.
Chinese Puzzle (A). A play by Mrs.
. A. DOREMUS, performed in U.S.A.
Chintz, Mary. Maid to Miss Bloom-
ild in Selby'S ' Unfinished Gentleman *
■.v.).
Chip of the Old Block (A). (1) A
lusical entertainment in two acts, words
yr E. P. Knight, music by Whitaker, first
srformed at the Haymarket in August,
il5. (2) A play by it. H. Winslow, per-
irmed in U.S.A. in 1SS7.
Chippendale, Alfreda [n4e School-
aft]. American actress, died in London
1 1887 ; made her first appearance in New
ork in 1863 ; was specially successful as
oysy in 'Uncle Tom's Cabin' (1877), and
. 1879 went to England to "star" in the
evinces in ' Rip Van Winkle,' ' Shadows
' a Great City,' etc. She was married,
st, to a son of W. H. Chippendale (died
64), and secondly to William Calder
372).
Chippendale, IVEary Jane. Actress,
n-n at Salisbury ; wife of W. II. Chippen-
de ((/.r.) ; died May, 18SS ; began her pro-
ssional career in 1855 as member of a
'impany working the north of England
rcuit. Thence she went to Dublin, where
lO remained two years, acting in i\Ian-
lester in 1859 (under the name of "Sea-
an"). As "Miss Snowdon" and as Mrs.
alaprop she made her London debut on
jtober 14, 1863, at the Haymarket Theatre,
th which (under the "management of
ickstone) she remained connected uninter-
ptedly for twelve years. During that
riod she was the original representative
the following (and other) characters :—
ipiter in Burnand's ' Venus and Adonis '
^64), Jimo in ' Orpheus in the Haymarket'
^65), Mrs. Lorrington in 'The Favourite of
irtune' (1866), Lady Frances Devlin in
L Wild Goose Chase ' (1867), Lady Matilda
ivasoiir in ' New ]Men and Old Acres '
i69). Queen Altemire in 'The Palace of
uth' (1870), Daphne in 'Pygmalion and
ilatea' (1871), and Mistress Vane in 'A
idcap Prince' (1874). During the same
riod she was seen at the same theatre
Mrs. Smith in 'David Garrick' (1864),
Lady Duberly in ' The Heir at Law ' (1866),
The Widow Green in 'The Love Chase'
(1867), and Lady Logivood in 'An English
Gentleman' (1871). In January, 1875, Mrs.
Chippendale went to the Court Theatre,
where she appeared as Mrs. Midivinter in
'Maggie's Situation' (q.v.). In March, 1878,
she began an engagement at the Lyceum,
appearing in that month as Martha in
' Louis XL' and in April, 1879, as Madame
Deschapelles in ' The Lady of Lyons.' In
18S2 she figured at the Strand Theatre as
Deborah Dotvlas in 'The Heir at Law,' and
in 1886 she reappeared at the Lyceum as
Miss Durable in ' Raising the ^Vind.' Among
her most successful characters were Mrs.
Hardcastle and Mrs. Candour. She was a
great favourite in the English provinces,
both when she belonged to the Haymarket
Company and when she went on tour with
the Chippendale Comedy company.
Chippendale, William Henry.
Actor, born in London, 1801 ; died January,
1888 ; son of an actor ; educated at Edin-
burgh, and apprenticed successively to
James Ballantyne, the printer, and John
Ballantyne, the publisher. As a boy he
appeared at the Haymarket Theatre, where
his father was engaged. His first per-
formance as an adult actor was at Mont-
rose in 1819, as David in 'The Rivals.'
Thereafter followed much varied experience
both in the Scottish and the English pro-
vinces. In 1836 he was invited to join the
company of the Old Park Theatre, New
York, and this was the beginning of a
sojourn in the United States which lasted
for seventeen years. During that period he
was manager of Niblo's and stage-manager
at St. Louis ; and among the parts he played
were those of Dwjald Dalgetty in 'The
Children of the Mint' (q.v.) and Scrooge in
' The Christmas Carol ' (q.v.). J. N. Ireland
says of him that "as an intelligent, dis-
criminating artist, in various gi-ades of old
men, both serious and comic, he has never
been surpassed, and his Polonius we have
never seen equalled" ('NeAV York Stage').
Among Chippendale's "most approved cha-
racters" Ireland mentions old Hardy, old
Hardcastle, old Rapid, Grandfather White-
head, Colonel Damas, Charles XI I., Pickwick,
and Newman Noggs. Returning to England
in 1S53, Chippendale made his London debut
in March of that year as .s'(/- Anthony
Absolute in 'The Rivals.' The theatre was
the Haymarket, to which he gave all his
energies for the next two decades. Within
that time he was seen as Sir Francis
Gripe in ' The Busybody ' (1855), Sullen in
'The Beaux' Stratagem' (1856), Malvolio
(1856), Adam in * As You like It ' (1856), old
Mirabel in ' The Inconstant ' (1850), Damas
in ' The Lady of Lyons ' (1857), Lord Priory
in ' Wives as thev Were' (1858), old Dornton
in ' The Road to Ruin ' (1859), Periwinkle in
' A Bold Stroke for a Wife ' (1859), Jasper
in 'Romance and Reality' (1860), Murcott
in 'Our American Cousin' (1861), Ingot in
' David Garrick' (1864), Fox Bromley in 'The
Favourite of Fortune ' (1866), Lord Duberly
CHIROMANCY
284
CHORLEY
in 'The Heir at Law' (1S66), Fondlove in
'The Love Chase' (1S67), Vanderpatter in
* The Captain of the Watch ' (1869). Grindrod
in 'An English Gentleman' (1S71). At the
Haymarket between 1S53 and 1S73 Chippen-
dale became the tii'st representative of tiie
following characters : — Lord Betterton in
* Elopements in High Life ' (1853), Time in
*The New Haymarket Spring Meeting'
<1855), Lamlert in 'The Beginning of the
End ' (1855), Hill Cooley in ' The Evil Genius '
(1856), the King in Talfourd's 'Atalanta'
(1857), Underwood in ' An Unequal Match '
(1857), Pendarvis in 'The Tide of Time'
(1858), Honeyhun in ' The Contested Elec-
tion ' (1859), Colepej^per in ' The Overland
Route ' (1860), Hazleton in ' Silken Fetters '
(1863), Dr. Vivian in ' A Lesson for Life '
(1867), M'ellhourne in ' Diamonds and Hearts '
(1867), M. Dumont in ' A Hero of Romance '
(1868), Mr. Vavasour in 'New Men and
Old Acres' (1869), old Dorrison in 'Home'
(1869). From September, 1874, to June, 1875,
Chippendale played Polonius at the Lyceum
Theatre to the Hamlet of Henry Irving. In
1878 he undertook with his wife (Miss
Snowdon, whom he had married in 1866) a
provincial tour, reappearing as Polonius at
the Lyceum (under Irving's management)
in 1878-9. He had at the same theatre a
farewell benefit on February 24, 1879, but
was last seen on the stage at the Royalty
Theatre, Glasgow, in ISbO. To the parts
named above as enacted by him should be
added Sir Peter Teazle (played by him at
Manchester so far back as 1834), and .Sir
Hareourt Courtley. See Ireland's 'New
York Stage ' (1866), Pascoe's * Dramatic
List ' (1880), the Theatre magazine for Feb-
ruary, 1888, and E. L. Blanchard's ' Diary '
(1891).
Chiromancy. A comedietta, first per-
formed at Willis's Rooms, London, on the
afternoon of April 18, 1888, with cast in-
cluding Miss Mary Rorke, Miss Beatrice
Lamb, W. Poel, and G. R. Foss.
Chirrup. (1) Betsy Chirrup is a house-
keeper in W. Brough's 'Phenomenon in a
Smock Frock' (g-.v.). (2) Joe Chirrup figures
in'Elfie'(g.v.).
Chirruper's Fortune. A musical
farcical play, in three acts, by Arthur
Law, first performed at New Theatre Royal,
Portsmouth, August '61, 1885.
Chiselling". A farce by James Albert
iq.v.) and Joseph Dilley {q.v.), first per-
formed at the Vaudeville Theatre, London,
on August 27, 1870, with D. James as Trotter,
Lin Raj-ne as Larkspur, W. H. Stephens as
Dr. Stonecrop, Miss Lavis as Mrs. Piper, and
Miss L. Claire as Kate. The plot is identical
with that of 'Hercules, King of Clubs'
iq.v.). The farce was revived at the Gaiety
in May, 1886.
Chispa. A play by Clay M. Greene,
performed in U.S.A.
Chit Chat. (1) A comedy by Thomas
Killigrew, jun. (q.v.), acted at Drury Lane,
and printed in 1719. (2) An interlude by B.
Walwyx, satirizing polygamy, and acted a
Covent Garden in 1781.
Chivalry. A play in four acts, bj
Richard Lee (q.v.), first performed at thi:
Globe Theatre, London, on September 13;
1873, with a cast including S. Emery, H
J. Montagu, C. Hareourt, G. Vincent, H
Compton, Mrs. Manders, and Miss Rusi
Massey.
Chivy, Squire. A foolish countr
gentleman in Robertson's ' David Garrick
(q.v.).
Chizzle, Mike. A character in Web
STER jun.'s ' Man is not Perfect ' (q.v.).
Chloridia ; or, Rites to Chlorii
and her Nymphs. A masque by Be:
Jo.NSON (q.v.), presented at court by th^
queen and her ladies at Shrovetide i;
1630-1, and printed in 1630,
Chloroform ; or, New York 10(i
Years Hence. A play by Logan, per
formed in New York in May," 1819.
Chodd, John, and John Chodd.
jun. Vulgar parvenus in Robertson''
' Society' (q.v.). I
Choephorae (The). A tragedy, tram
lated from yEschylus by R. Potter, an'
printed in 1777. :
Choice (The). A comedy in two acts
by Arthur Murphy, first performed a;
Drury Lane on ^larch 23, 1765, with a cas:
including Yates, Havard, Mrs. Yates, Mr;
Bradshaw, etc.
Choleric, Don, in Gibber's 'Lot
makes a Man' (q.v.).
Choleric Fathers (The). An opei
by Thomas Holcroft (q.v.), first performe
at Covent Garden in November, 1785.
Choleric Man (The). A comedy t
Richard Cumberland (q.v.), taken froi
the ' Heauton-timorumenos ' of Terence, an
first performed at Drury Lane in Decembe
1774.
Choppard, Pierre. A thief, in 'Tl
Courier of Lyons ' and ' The Lyons Mail.' '
Chops. A journeyman butcher i
Suter'.s 'John Wopps' (q.v.).
Chops of the Channel (The),
farce by Frederick Hay (q.v.), first pe
formed at the Strand Theatre, London, c
July 8, 1869.
Chopstick and Spikins. A farce 1
Paul Meruit (q.v.), first performed at tl
Grecian Theatre, London, on September "2
1873, with a cast including G. Conquest an
Miss M. A. Victor ; revived at the Gaie
Theatre in May, 1883.
Chopsticks. Emperor of China in
Talfourd's 'King Thrushbeard' (q.v-).
Chorley, Henry Fotherg-ill. Mi
cellaneous and dramatic writer, born 18C
died 1872 ; was the author of three plays
CHORUS GIRL
CHRISTINA
Duchess Eleanour,' ' The Love-lock,' and
Old Love and New Fortune '—all of which
iee— and of several operatic libretti. From
.830 to 1S6S he was a contributor of literary
md musical criticism to the Athenreura.
5is 'Thirty Years of Musical Recollections'
ippeared in 1S62 ; his ' Autobiography,
viemoir, and Letters,' edited by H. G.
lewlett, in 1873.
Chorus Girl (The). A musical comedy
n two acts, libretto by Emerson Cook,
uusic by Charles Dennee, Waterbury, Con-
lecticut, May 2, 1898.
Chouans (Les). A play by Paul M.
'OTTER, produced at the Union Square
^heatre, New York, in 1886, with Mdme.
.lodjeska in the leading female role.
Chris. A play in three acts, by Louis N.
'arker, first performed at the Lyric, Eal-
ng [as ' A Broken Life 'J ; performed at the
.^audeville Theatre, London, on the after-
loon of March 28, 1892, with a cast com-
>rising Mrs. Lancaster Wallis, Miss H.
;owen, Herbert Waring, W. Herbert, J.
Jeauchamp, Sant Matthews, etc.
Chris sy. A play by H. P. Taylor,
erformed in U.S.A. in 1887.
Christ Betrayed. One of the Chester
'lays (q.v.), in which "the action progresses
hrough the Last Supper and the night at
tethsemane to the arrest of the Saviour."
Christ when He was Twelve Years
)ld, Of. A comedy by Bishop Bale (q.v.).
Christ's Entry into Jerusalem.
ine of the Chester Plays (q.v.). Herein,
tbe sitting at meat in the house of Simon
he Leper, the offering of Mary Magdalene,
nd the discontent of Judas Iscariot, then
tie expectancy of the citizens, and the
ntry of the Sariour into Jerusalem, witli
'le expulsion of the merchants from the
emple, and the preparation of the arrest
1 the Sanhedrim, are all crowded into a
ingle pageant " (A. W. Ward).
Christ's Passion. A tragedy, trans-
ited by George Sandys (q.v.) from the
Christus Patiens ' of Hugo Grotius (1617),
nd printed, with annotations, in 1640.
Christabel ; or, The Bard Be-
dtched. An extravaganza by Gilbert
Beckett (q.v.), suggested by Coleridge's
oem, and first performed at the Court The-
tre, London, on May lo, 1872, with E.
'ighton as the bard (Bracy) [in which
haracter he burlesqued Henry Irving's
erformance in ' The Bells '], A. Bishop as
(/• Leoline, W. J. Hill, C. Steyne, Miss N.
;romley as Christabel, Miss F. Josephs as
'eraldine, Miss K. Bishop, Miss E. Ritta,
tc.
Christening- (The). A farce by J. B.
'.ucKSTONE, Adelphi Theatre, London, Oc-
iber 13, 1834.
Christian. (1) The lover of Annette
ri L. Lewis's 'Bells' (q.v.) and Ware's
Polish Jew ' {q.v.). (2) The hero of a
dramatization of ' The Pilgrim's Progi-ess'
(q.v.).
Christian II. Kina: of Norway,
Sweden, and Denmark, in Brooke's 'Gus-
tavus Vasa' (q.v.).
Christian, King-. A character in
Green woods 'Is it the King?'
Christian, T. P. Author of « Revolu-
tion,' an historical play (printed 1790), and
' The Nuptials,' a musical drama (printed
1791).
Christian (The). A play in a prologue
and four acts, founded by T. Hall Caine
upon his novel so named, and first performed
at the Empire Theatre, Albanv, U.S.A.,
August 23, 1S9S, with Miss Viola Allen as
Glory and E. J. Jlorgan as JoJin Storm ; pro-
duced at the Knickerbocker Theatre, New
York, October 10, 1S9S, Joseph Hawortli
replacing E. J. Morgan on November 22 ;
afterwards performed at the Garden Theatre,
New York.
Christian Captives (The). A tragedy
in five acts, "in a mixed manner," by
Robert Bridges (q.v.). This work "re-
handles the subject of Calderon's ' El Prin-
cipe Constante,' and is partly founded upon
that admirable play " (E. Dowden).
Christian Hero (The). A tragedy by
George Lillo, performed at Drury Lane",
and printed in 1734. " This play is founded
on the history of the famous George Cartriot,
commonly called Scanderbeg, King of
Epirus" ('Biographia Dramatica').
Christian Martyrs (The). A play
by John Brougiia.m (q.v.), produced at
Barnum's Museum in February, 1S67.
Christian turn'd Turk (The) ; or,
The Trag-ical Lives and Deaths of
the Two Famous Pirates, "Ward
and Danseker. A tragedy by Robert
Daborne (7.1;.), not divided into acts, and
printed in 1612. "The story is taken from
an account by Andrew Barker."
Christian's Cross and Martyr's
Crown. See From Cross to Crown.
Christianetta. A play by Richard
Brome (q.v.), entered on the books of the
Stationers' Company in 1640.
Christianson, Christian, in Bu-
chanan's ' Storm-Beaten' (q.v.).
Christie Johnstone. A novel bv
Charles Reade, of which adaptations
have been performed in America. The
story was originally in the form of a drama,
which Reade, at the suggestion of Tom
Taylor, turned into a tale.
Christina. A romantic play in four
acts, by Percy Lynwood and Mark
Ambient (q.v.), first performed at the
Prince of Wales's Theatre, London, on the
afternoon of April 22, 18S7, with a cast com-
prising Miss Alma ^Murray as ths heroine,
H. Vezin as Count Fretmd, J. G. Grahame,
Miss C. Addison, Miss L. Venne, Miss
Norreys, F. Archer, G. Barrett, Brandon
II
CHRISTINA
CHRONONHOTONTHOLOGOS
Thomas, and Martin Harvey ; revived at the
Olympic, London, March, 18SS. with E. S.
Willard as Coimt Freiind, and other changes
in the cast.
Christina. Daughter of Christian II.
in Brooke's ' Gustavus Vasa' {q.v.).
Christine. The name of characters in
(1) Hook's 'Tekeli' {q.v.), (2) Lewes and I
Mathews's ' Strange History,' and (3)
Stirling's 'Prisoner of State.' Queen Chris-
tine of Sweden figures in Bucksto.ne's 'Two
Queens' (q.v.).
Christine ; or, A Dutch GirPs
Troubles. A drama in three acts, by F.
W. BiiouGHTOX (q.v.) and J. Wilton Jones
(q.v.), Tvne Theatre, Newcastleon-Tyne,
May 21, 1879.
Christmas, his Masque, by Ben
JONSON (q.i'.), was presented at Court in
1616.
Christmas Bells. See Narrow Es-
cape, A.
Christmas Boxes. A farce in one act,
by Augustus Mayhew (q.v.) and Suther-
land Edwards (q.v.), tirst performed at the
Strand Theatre, London, in 1860, Avith J.
Rogers, Miss M. Simpson, H. J. Turner,
and Miss Buftou in the cast.
Christmas Carol (A). The dramatiza-
tions of this story by Dickens inchide (1)
* A Christmas Carol ; or. The Miser's Warn-
ing : ' a drama in two acts, by C. Z. Barnett
(q.v.), first performed at tlie Surrey Theatre,
London, on February 5, 1844. (2) ' A
Christmas Carol : ' a drama in three acts,
by Edward Stirling, first performed at
the Adelphi Theatre on February 5, 1844,
•with " O." Smith as Scrooge, Wright as Bob
Cratchit, Miss Woolgar as Bella Morton,
Mrs. Maynard as Tinti Tim, Mrs. F. Mat-
thews as Mrs. Cratchit, Miss E. Chaplin as
the Ghost of Christinas. Of this version and
performance Dickens (who had given his
sanction) wrote: "I saw the 'Carol' last
night. Better tlian usual, and Wright seems
to enjoy Bob Cratchit, but heart-breaking to
me. Oh, Heaven ! if any forecast of this
was ever in my mind ! Yet O. Smith was
drearily better than I expected. It is a
great comfort to have that kind of meat
underdone, and his face is quite perfect."
The piece was performed in New York in
1844, with Chippendale as Scrooge, and re-
vived at the Adelphi. London, in January,
1860, with J. L. Toole as Bob Cratchit and
Miss Woolgar (Mrs. Mellon) as Mrs. Cratchit.
Christmas Chimes (The) ; or,
Trotty Veck's Dream. A drama in
one act, founded by A. Williams on
Dickens's ' Chimes,' and performed at the
Pavilion Theatre, London, on February 3,
1873. See Chimes.
Christmas Dinner (A). A play
adapted by Tom Taylor (q.v.) from • Je
Dine avec Ma Mere ' (Gymnase, Paris,
1856), and first performed at the Olympic
Theatre, London, on April 23, 1860, with
Mrs. Stirling as Peg Woffington [Soph
Arnould in the original], Mrs. Emden g
Patchett (a maid), Horace Wigan as Hogart
(the painter), and F. Vining and W. Gordo
in other parts.
Christmas Eve ; or. The Duel i;
the Snow. A domestic drama in thre
acts, by Edward Fitzball (q.v.), suggeste
by Gerorae's picture ' Tragedy and Comedy,
and first performed at Drury Lane Theati
on March 12, 1860, with a cast includin
Emery, R. Roxby, Mrs. Dowton, Miss I
Howard, etc.
Christmas Eve in a "Watch-houst
A farce by C. S. Cheltnam (q.v.), first pe
formed at the St. James's Theatre, Londoi
on November 21, 1870.
Christmas Pantomime (A). A fare
by Taylor Bilkins, Court Theatre, Loi
don, December 26, 1871.
Christmas Story (A). A play in or
act, adapted by Laurence Irvini; (q.v.) froi
Maurice Bucher's' Conte de Noel' (.comedi
Francjaise, Paris, June 11, 1895); first pe
formed at Abbey's Theatre, New York, o.
December 7, 1S95, by Miss INIay Whitty, Mi;
Maud Milton, Sydney Valentine, and Fulls
MeUish.
Christmas Story (The). See Dot.
Christmas Tale (A), "in five parts
by David Garrick (q.v.), was first acted i
Drury Lane on December 27, 1773. It wf
founded on Favart's 'Fee Urgelle,' anc
according to the ' Biographia Dramatica
its success " was chiefly owing to the assis,
ance of Loutherburgh, who about th
period began to exert his talents as a scen^
painter in the service of Drury Lar
Theatre."
Christmas Tiding- (A). A sketch i
one act, by Clay' M. Greene (q.v.), fir
performed at the Empire Theatre, Ne
York, on the afternoon of February 18,189
Christopher Jr. A comedy in foi
acts, by Madeline Lucette Ryley, fir
performed at the Opera House, Wilkesbarr
Pa., June 4, 1S94 ; first performed in Ne.
York at the Empire Theatre, October 7, 189,
with John Drew and Miss Maud Adam
See Jedbury, Junior.
Christopher Tadpole. A drama 1
William Brown, Prince of Wales's, Blacl
pool. September 28, 1877.
Christus Redivivus. A "trag
comedv," *' new and sacred," written t
Nicolas Grimoald, and published :
1543 ; " a drama of the lyric cast so commc
in the sixteenth century. There are twent
three personce in all, including Magdalen
Joseph of Arimathia, Manes Piorum, Chon
Galileidum, Chorus Discipulorum, etc." (•
M. Hart).
Chronicle. Father of Dinah :,
O'KEEFE's ' Young Quaker' (q.v.).
Chrononhotontholog-os : "theme
Tragical Tragedy that ever was Tragedis(
L
CHRONOS
287
CIBBER
by any Company of Tragedians." A burlesque
by Henry Carey (q.v.), first performed at
tlie Hayraarket, London, on February 22,
1/34. The characters are six in number—
the King of Queerumma7iia, who gives his
name to the piece ; Fadladinida, his queen ;
Tatlanthe, her attendant ; Bombardinian,
a, general ; and Aldiborontiphoscophornio and
]liigdum Funnidos, two courtiers — all of
Kvhich see. It was revived at Covent Gar-
len in 1772 and 1779 ; at the Haymarket in
1783, 1788, and 1806 ; at Drury Lane in 1815 ;
ind at the Gaiety Theatre, London, on
Vovember 10, 1880, with J. L. Shine as
Bombardinian, T. Squire as Aldiborontii)hos-
'.ophornio, R. Soutar as Rigdum Funnidos,
Mrs. Leigh as Fadladinida, and Miss Bella
toward as Tatlanthe. Its first performance
n New York took place at the Park The-
itre in 1831, with Mrs. Wallack as Tatlan-
he. See the Theatre magazine for De-
;ember, 1880.
Chronos figures in ' Diogenes and his
L,antern ' (q.v.), and In Wood's ' Paul and
.'irginia' (q.v.).
Chrysal. A courtier in Gilbert's
Palace of Truth' (q.v.).
j Chrysolina, in Shirley's 'Changes'
\q.v.), is one of the two daughters of Golds-
\vorth.
Chrysos. An art-pati-on in Gilbert's
Pygmalion and Galatea ' (q.v.).
I Chrystabelle ; or, The Rose with-
out a Thorn. An extravaganza by
pDMUND Falconer (q.v.), first i)erf()nued
t the Lvceum Theatre, London, on Deceni-
ler 26, 1860, with Miss M. Ternan in the
itle part, Miss Lydia Tiiomjison as Mcphisto
a lacquey), J. Rouse as Itaut/K^inautaubaut,
tc. Among tlie other cliaracters are the
Princes Lilywhite, Expedient, and Finease,
kapin (a servant), Homeservtshowdydo (an
ixquisite), etc.
Chubb. (1) Molly Chubb in G. Abbott
L Beckett's 'Revolt of the Workhouse'
I. v.). (2) Miss Chippington Chubb in E. L.
'.LANCHARD's ' Pork Chops ' (q.v.).
Chuckles, Charles. The " English
entleman" of H. J. Byron's comedy so
amed (q.v.).
Chura. A " servitor " in Baker's
Hampstead Heath' (q.v.).
Chums. (1) A comedy by T. G. Warren
j.v.\ first performed at'Southport on May
J, 1885. (2) A play by Thomas Frost, first
erf ormed at Philadelphia, l^ S. A. , on March
'l, 1892. (3) A play by Fred JMarsde.n,
erf ormed in U.S.A.
Churchill, Charles. See Rosciad,
HE.
Churchmouse. There is a Lord Church-
lome in Halliday's ' Great City ' (q.v.), and
Mr. Churchmouse in Gilbert's ' No Cards'
I.V.).
Churchwarden (The). A farce in
liree acts, translated from the German of
Rudolf Kneisel by Cassell and Ogden,
adapted and partly rewritten by Edward
Terry (q.v.), and first performed at the
Theatre Royal, Belfast, on October 16, 1883,
with EdAvard Terry in the title purt (Danifl
Chtiffy) ; produced at the Olympic Theatre,
London, December 16, 1S86 ; revived at Ten y's
Theatre, January 9, 1803.
Churl (The). A comedy, translated from
the ' Truculentus ' of Plautus, by Richard
Warner, and printed in 1772.
Chute. See Bristol.
Chute, Anne, figures in Boucicault's
' Colleen Bawn ' (q.v.) and other adaptations
of 'The Collegians,' as well as in the bur-
lesques founded on them.
Chutnee, Mr. Chili. A Bengal mer-
chant in 'Twenty Minutes with a Tiger'
(q.v.).
Chuzzlewit, Anthony, Jonas, and
Martin, sen. and jun., figure in the various
adaptations of 'Martin Chuzzlewit' (q.v.).
Gibber, CoUey. Actor, playwright,
and miscellaneous writer, born in London,
November 6, 1671 ; son of Caius Gabriel
Cibber (a sculptor and native of Holstein)
and Jane CoUey, an English lady of good
family ; was sent in 1682 tu school at
Grantham, where he remained till 1687,
distinguishing himself by writing odes on
the.death of Charles II. and the coronation
of James II. His earliest aspirations were
towards the stage, but he suppressed them
with a view successively to going to college
and to obtaining a commission in the army.
He had some hopes of assistance at the
hands of the Earl of Devonshire, his father's
patron, but in the end drifted to the
theatre. He admits, in his ' Apology,' that,
in the matter of physique, he was'not over
well qualified for the profession. He refers
to the "insufficiency" of his voice, "to
which might be added an uninform'd
meagre person (tho' then not ill-made), M'ith
a dismal pale complexion." He says he
joined the company at the Theatre Royal
in 1690, but his first recorded appearance as
an actor was in 1691, at the Theatre Royal,
where he seems to have been "billed" at
first as "Mr. Colly." He says that the
first part in which he made any success was
that of the chaplain in 'The Orphan ' (q.v.).
He was afterwards highly complimented by
Congreve himself on his Lord Touchicood in
'The Double Dealer.' In 1693— " when "
(to quote him again) "I had but twenty
pounds a year, which my father had assur'd
me, and twenty shillings a week from my
theatrical labours " — he married ; the lady
being a Miss Shore, whose father, it is said,
disapproved of the union so keenly that he
diverted to other purposes the fortune he
had intended for her. In 1095, when the
leading members of the company quarrelled
with the patentees, and seceded, Cibber
remained with his employers, and had his
salary advanced to thirty shillings a week.
For a revival of Mrs. Eehn's 'Abdelazer'
in April of this year he vn'ote his first
GIBBER
GIBBER
prologue. A little later he made some mark
hy ■pla.ymg Fondleivife in ' The Old Bachelor'
in imitation of Dogget, the tirst interpreter
of the part. Still, he did not sufficiently
impress either the patentees or his col-
leagues ■«ith a full sense of his histrionic
capacity, and at last determined to write a
good part for himself. This was Sir Novelty
Fashion in his 'Love's Last Shift' {q.v.),
which -was recommended to the manage-
ment of Drury Lane by Southerne (g.r.),
and duly accepted and produced (1696). It
•would seem that later in 1690 Gibber was
for a time associated with the Betterton
company at Lincoln's Inn Fields, but it is
certain that in 1697 he figured at Drury
Lane as Lonr/rille in his own ' Woman's
■NVit' (g.r.). INIean while Sir John Vanbrugh
had paid him the compliment of writing
' The Relapse ' as a sequel to ' Love's Last
Shift,' Sir Novelty Fashion being therein
represented as ennobled, with the title of
Lord Foppington. The part was assigned
by Vanbrugh to Gibber, who says that the
play (which was produced at Drury Lane)
gave him, as a comedian, "a second flight
of reputation along with it." In 1700 he
was seen at the same theatre as the Duke
of Gloster in his famous adaptation of
Shakespeare's 'Richard III.' (^.r.)— a work
which held the stage, to the exclusion of
the original text, for a century and three-
quarters. Gibber was also the original
Clodio in his 'Love makes a Man' (1701),
the first representative of his ' School Boy '
(1702), the original Do7i Manuel in his ' She
Would and She AVould Not ' (1702), the first
Lord Foppington in his ' Careless Husband'
(1704), and the first Pacuvius in his ' Perollo
and Izadora ' (1705). He was also the
original Captain Brazen in 'The Recruiting
Officer' (1706). In 1706-8 he was a member
of Owen Swiney's troupe at the Haymarket,
where he was the original Celadon in his
'Comical Lovers' (g.v., adapted from Dry-
den), Atall in his ' Double Gallant ' {q.v.),
and Lord George Brilliant in his 'Lady's
Last Stake' (g-u.), besides being the first
Gibbet in ' The Beaux' Stratagem ' {q.v.). In
1708-9 (the rival companies having united)
he was again at Drury Lane, figuring in
such characters as Ben in ' Love for Love,'
Gloster in ' King Lear,' Glendoiver in 'Henry
IV.,' Cranmer in 'Henry VIII.,' Subtle in
'The Alchemist,' and lago. In 1709 he
became, with Swiney, Wilks, and Dogget,
joint-manager of the" Haymarket. In 1710
he returned to Drury Lane, with which he
remained closely connected for the next
twenty-three years. In 1714 he became one
of the licensees, the others being Sir Richard
Steele, Wilks, Booth, and Dogget, of whom
the last named speedily retired (with com-
pensation). In the period between 1710
and 1733 Gibber was the original repre-
sentative of Gloster in ' Jane Shore,' Tinsel
in 'The Drummer,' Dr. Wolf in his own
'Nonjuror' [which greatly offended the
Jacobites], Wilding in his 'Refusal,' Acho-
reus in his 'Gsesar in Egypt,' Sir Francis
Wronghead in his (and Vanbrugh's) 'Pro-
Toked Husband,' and Philautus in his
' Love in a Riddle.' In 1730, in succes-
sion to Laurence Eusden, and apparently
in recognition of his anti-Jacobite ten-
dency, he was appointed Poet Laureate.
In 1733 he retired from the stage, only
to return to it in the following year.
His last appearances were made at Covent
Garden in 1745, as Pandidph in his adap-
tation from Shakespeare called ' Papal
Tyranny in the Reign of King John' {q.v.).
In December, 1757, he died. In addition to
plavs above named he was the author of
' Xerxes ' (1699), ' The Rival Fools ' (1709),
' The Rival Queens ' (1710), ' Ximena ' (1712),
' Venus and Adonis ' (1715), ' Bulls and
Bears' (1715), ' Myrtillo ' (1716), 'Damon and
Phillida' (1729), and, with Sir John Van-
brugh, 'The Provoked Husband' (172S).
He published an edition of his plays, in:
quarto, in 1721. In 1740 came his famous
'Apology' for his Life {q.v.); in 1742, 'A
Letter from Mr. Gibber to ]Mr. Pope,' who
had made him the hero of ' The Duuciad,'
in succession to Theobald ; in 1743, ' The
Egotist; or, Colley upon Gibber;' in 1744,
'Another Occasional Letter from Mr. Gibber
to Mr. Pope ; ' in 1747, ' The Character and
Conduct of Cicero.' Says Hazlitt : " Cibbei
is the hero of ' The Dunciad ;' but it cannot
be said of him that he was ' by merit raised
to that bad eminence.' He was pert, not
dull ; a coxcomb, not a blockhead ; vain,
but not malicious. ... In his plays, his
personal character perhaps predominates
too much over the inventiveness of his Muse
but so far from being duU, he is everywhere
light, fluttering, and airy. His pleasure in
himself made him desirous to please ; but.
his fault was, that he was too soon satisfied
with what he did. . . . Gibber, in short
though his name has been handed dowr
to us as a bye-word of impudent preten-
sion and impenetrable dullness by th(
classical pen of his accomplished rivEu
[Pope], was a gentleman and a scholar o:
the old school ; a man of wit and pleasantrj
in conversation, a diverting mimic, an ex
cellent actor, an admirable dramatic critic
and one of the best comic writers of hi:
age" ('The English Comic Writers'). Ii
addition to the authorities above named
see the ' Biographia Dramatica ' (1812)
Genest's ' English Stage ' (1832), Lowe'.'
' English Theatrical Literature ' (1888), etc.
Cibber, Susanna Maria. Actres
and vocalist, sister of Dr. T. A. Arne {q.v.)
born February, 1714, died January, 1766
made her first appearance on the stage a
the Haymarket Theatre in 1732 as th,
heroine of Lampe's opera, 'Ameha.' I-
April, 1734, she married Theophilus Cibbe
{q.v.), and thereafter acted under his name
Her debut in the non-musical drama too.
place at Drury Lane in January, 1736, a
the original representative of Zaram ksso
Hill's tragedy so named {q.v.). She staye
at this theatre till 173.8, when her husban
brought an action in which she was accuse •
of infidelity with one of his friends name
Soper. Gibber claimed damages to th
amount of £5000, but was awarded onl
CIBBER
CID
^10, the general opinion being that he had
.•onnlvecl at the intimacy and made money
mt of it. In 1741-42 Mrs. Gibber acted in
.Dublin, ■whence she went to Covent Garden,
n 1744-45 she was again at Drury Lane, in
746-47 at Covent Garden, in 1747-49 at
)rury Lane, in 1750-53 at Covent Garden,
-nd, finally, in 1753-66 at Drury Lane,
during her career at these houses she was
he first representative of Cassandra in
'homson's ' Agamemnon,' Sigismunda in
he same writer's ' Tancred and Sigismunda,'
Ispasia in Johnson's ' Irene,' Rutland in
ones's 'Essex,' Zaphira in Browne's ' Bar-
arossa,' etc. She was also seen as Lady
lacbeth, Juliet, Cordelia, Ophelia, Desde-
lona, Isabella in ' Measure for Measure,'
'onstance in ' King John,' Lady Anne in
■Richard III.,' Celia in ' Volpone,' Cleopatra
a 'All for Love,' Imoinda in ' Oroonoko,'
I'alista in 'The Fair Penitent,' Monimia in
iThe Orphan,' Marcia in ' Cato,' Isabella in
(The Fatal Marriage,' Polly Peachum, etc.
;he authorship of 'The Oracle,' a one-act
iece from the French, is ascribed to her
752). In 'The Rosciad' Churchill wrote
f her—
•• Formed for the tragic scene to grace the stage.
With rival excellence of love and rage.
Mistress of each soft art, with matchless skill
To turn and wind the passions as she will ; . . .
With just desert enrolled in deathless fame,
Conscious of worth superior, Cibber came."
There was in her person," says Davies,
little or no elegance ; in her countenance
small share of beauty ; but nature had
ven her such symmetry of form and fine
:pressions of feature that she preserved
1 the appearance of youth long after she
id reached middle age. . . . Her great
cellence consisted in that simplicity
lich needed no ornament, in that sensi-
lity which despised all art" ('Life of
UTick '). ' ' In all characters of tenderness
d pathos, in which the workings of the
jlings call for the force of excessive sensi-
lity, she was like Garrick ; . . . the cha-
ster she represented she greatly felt and
porously expressed" (Dibdin). "John
ylor," says Thomas Campbell, " told me
it she strongly resembled Mrs Siddons
'power of the eye.'" "She captivated
3ry one," writes Dr. Burney, " by the
eetness and expression of her voice in
iging." See, in addition to the authorities
3ve mentioned, ' Biographia Dramatica '
12), Genest's ' English Stage ' (1S32),
: 1 Grove's • Dictionary of Music and
..isicians.'
ipibber, Theophilus. Actor and play-
Mght, born 1703 ; son of Colley Cibber
(').), and educated at Winchester. His
5.t appearance on the stage w^as made,
Oarently, at Drury Lane in 1720, his first
<(ginal part being (it would seem) that of
■fniel in 'The Conscious Lovers' (q.v.).
J remained at Drury Lane (of which, in
io L ^® ^^^ *^"® ^^ t^Q patentees) till
J 3, when he went for a short time to the
J ymarket. Between 1734 and 1739 he was
f Drury Lane again, afterwards spending
a season at Covent Garden in 1739-40, at
Drury Lane in 1741-42, at Lincoln's Inn
Fields in 1742-43, and at the Haymarket in
1744. From 1745 to 1749 he was at Covent
Garden, in 1755 at the Haymarket, and in
1756-57 at Covent Garden once more. Be-
tween 1723 and 1757 he was in the first cast
of ' The Strollers,' ' George Barnwell,' ' The
Lottery,' 'The Mock Doctor,' 'The Miser,'
' The Miller of Mansfield,' and ' Papal
Tyranny.' He was drowned in October,
1757, on his way to fulfil an engagement in
Dublin. His first wife, Jenny Johnson,
died in 1733, and in 1734 he married Susanna
Maria Arne, sister of Dr. Arne [see Cibber,
Susanna]. "His person," says the 'Bio-
graphia Dramatica,' "was far from pleasing,
the features of his face were rather disgust-
ing. His voice had the same shrill treble,
but without that musical harmony which
Mr. Colley Cibber was master of. . . .
Through a too insatiable thirst for pleasure,
and a want of consideration in the means
of pursuing it, his life was one scene of
misery, and his character made the mark
of censure and contempt." " Though," says
Davies, " Mr. Theophilus Cibber had some
degree of merit in a variety of characters,
and especially in brisk coxcombs, and more
particularly in extravagant parts, such as
Pistol, yet he generally mixed so much of
false spirit and grimace in his acting that
he often displeased the judicious spec-
tator." Chetwood wrote that though Cib-
ber " has performed several parts in
tragedy with success, in my imagination
the sock sits easier upon him than the
buskin" ('History of the Stage'). The
following dramatic pieces are ascribed to
him :— ' The Lover ' (1730), ' Patie and Peggy '
(1730), 'The Harlot's Progress ' (1733 j, 'Da-
mon and Daphne ' (1733), ' The Mock Officer '
(1733), 'The Auction' (1757), and adapta-
tions of ' Henry VI.' (1723) and ' Romeo and
Juhet' (1748). He wrote 'The Lives and
Characters of the Most Eminent Actors
and Actresses of Great Britain and Ireland '
(1753). and revised and edited ' An Account
of the Lives of the Poets of Great Britain
and Ireland ' (1753). See, in addition to the
authorities above quoted, Genest's ' English
Stage ' (1S32) and R. W. Lowe's ' English
Theatrical Literature ' (188S).
Cicero, The Banishment of. Sea
Banishment of Cicero.
Cicilia and Clorinda ; or, Love in
Arms. A tragi-comedy by Thomas Killi-
GKE\\(q.v.), printed in 1664. "This is formed
into two plays, the first of which was Avritten
at Turin about 1650, and the second at
Florence in 1651 " (' Biographia Dramatica ').
Cid (The). A tragi-comedy by Joseph
RUTTER, acted at Court, and at the Cock-
pit, Drury Lane. ' ' This play is in two parts ;
both printed— the first in 1637, the second
in 1640." They are free translations of the
' Cid ' of CorneiUe. Pepys saw this piece
acted at the Cockpit in 1662, and pronounced
it "a most dull thing." (2) An anonymous
translation of Corneille's play appeared in
U
CIGALE
CINDERELLA
1691. (3) ' The Cid ; or, The Heroick
Daughter : ' a tragedy, translated from Cor-
neille by John Ozell, and printed in 1714.
(4) 'The Cid:' another translation from
Corneille, published in 1802. (5) ' The Cid : '
a poetical play by Ross Neil iq.v.), pub-
lished in 1874. (6) ' The Cid ; or, Love and
Duty : ' an historical play in three acts, by
J. A. Addison and J. H. Howell, King's
Cross, London, March 25, 1878.
Cigale (La). (1) A comedy in three
acts, by H. Meilhac and L. Hal^vy,
first performed (in English) at the Gaiety
Theatre, London, December 9, 1878. See
Good Luck. (2) A comic opera in three
acts, adapted by F. C. Burnand from ' La
Cigale et La Fourmi ' of Chivot and Duru ;
produced, with the original music by M.
Audran, and additions by Ivan Caryll, at
the Lyric Theatre, London, on October 9,
1890, with Miss G. Ulmar as Marton, Miss
E. Clements as Charlotte, Miss A. Rose as
the Duchess, Eric Lewis as the Duke, the
Chevalier Scovel as Fraiiz de Bernheim,
M. Dwyer as Vincent, E. W. Garden as
William, L. Brough as Vanderkoopen, Miss
M. St. Cyr as La Frivolini, and other parts
by J. Peachey, G. Mudie, Misses A. New-
ton, Mabel Love, and Ellis Jeffreys ; per-
formed in London and the provinces in 1893,
with Miss Alma Steele as Marton, and other
parts by Lytton Grey, W. H. Rawlins, etc.
Cig-arette. (1) An operetta, music by
Offenbach, libretto by G. D'ARCY, per-
formed at the Globe Theatre, London,
September 9, 1876, with a cast including
iNIiss Pauline Markham and Miss Augusta
Thomson. (2) An opera in three acts,
libretto by E. Warham St. Leger and
Barry Momour, music by J. Haydn
Parry ; first performed at the Theatre Royal,
Cardiff, on August 15, 1892 ; produced at
the Lyric Theatre, London, September 7,
1892, with a cast including Mdme. Albu,
Miss Hannah Jones, Miss Marion Erie,
Joseph O'Mara, O. Yorke, and Charles
Collette ; and transfen-ed to the Shaftes-
bury Theatre, London, September 26, in
same year.
Cigue. See Hemlock Dr.\ught.
Cini"berton. A coxcomb in Steele's
« Conscious Lovers' {.q.v.).
Cimene. An opera, acted at the Hay-
market in 1783.
Cimon, in Gibber's ' Love in a Riddle '
(g.r.), is in love with Phillida.
Cinder Nelly. A burlesque on the
story of Cinderella, performed in U.S.A.
Cinderella, one of the most popular
tif nursery heroines, has been the central
tigure of, and given the title to, the follow-
ing (and other) operas, pantomimes, bur-
lesques, and extravaganzas :— (1) A panto-
mimic spectacle, Drury Lane, January 3,
1804. (2) A comic opera, music by Rossini
("Cenerentola"), and libretto by Rophino
Lacy, first performed at Covent Garden on
April 13, 1830, with Miss Paton in the title
part. Misses Cawse and Hughes as Clorinda
and Thisbe, Wood as Prince Felix, Keelej
as Pedro, Penson as Purnpolino, etc. ; pro'
duced in New York in 1731 ; revived ai
Drury Lane in May, 1856, with a cast in
eluding Miss F. Huddart, Heiiry Haigh
C. Durand, etc. ; revived at the Holbon
Theatre in 1874-5, with Miss C. Loseby, Mis;
K. Munroe, Miss Rose Lee, E. Cotte, C
Lyall, etc., in the cast; at Theatre Royal
Newcastle-on-Tyne, August 15, 1892, and
with libretto rearranged by Tom Robertson
Grand, Islington, October 3, 1S92. (3) /
burlesque bj Tom Taylor and Alber-
Smith, first pbTformed at the Lyceum The
atre, London, on May 12, 1845,' with Mrs
Keeley as the heroine, Miss Fairbrothe
as Rondeletia, Frank Matthews as Baro
Soldoff, Alfred Wigan as the Prince, an
Keeley as his servant. (4) A burlesque, a
the Victoria Theatre, London, in Octobei
1846. (5) A burlesque extravaganza b
H. J. Byron (g.r.), first performed at th
Strand Theatre, London, on December 2(
1860, with Miss M. Oliver as Prince Poppett
Miss C. Saunders as Dandino (his valet
Poynter as Alidoro (his tailor), J. Clark
as the Baron Balderdash, H. J. Turner £'
Buttoni (a page), J. Rogers as Clorindi
Miss Lavine as Thisbe, ]\Iiss M. Simpson i
Cinderella, and Miss K. Carson. (6)
pantomime by E. L. Blanchard, first pe
formed at Covent Garden, December, 186
with Clara Denvil as heroine, E. Danve
as Ugolino, the Payne family, etc. ; revivt
at the Crystal Palace in December, 187.
with Miss Emmeline Cole, Mrs. Aynslc
Cook, Miss Alice Mansfield, F. and W. 1
Payne, etc. (7) A pantomime by W. }■
Akhurst, Astley's (Sanger's National Ai
phitheatre),Deceml>er 26, 1873, and PavUio
Mile End, December 26, 1874. (8) A pant
mime by Charles Rice, Covent Gard'
Theatre, December 27, 1S75. (9) A bv
lesque-extravaganza by J. Wilton Joni
Theatre Royal, Leicester, October 3, 181
(10) A pantomime by H. Spry, Sanger's A:
phitheatre, December 26, 1878. (11) A pa
tomime by E. L. BLaNCHard, Drury Lai
December 26, 1878, with Miss V. Yokes
Cinderella, Miss Jessie Yokes as Prii.
Amabel, Miss Ada Blanche as£tzarre(t.
Prince's page), Frederick Yokes as t.
Baron Pumpernickel, and Fawdon Vol
as Eobold, Miss Hudspeth as Vixma, a:
Miss Julia Warden as Pavonia (the sistei
(12) A pantomime by Frank W. Gre;
and T. S. Clay, Marylebone Theatre, 1
cember 24, 1879. (13) A drama in th-
acts, by E. Towers, PaviUon Theat
London, June 4, 1881. (14) A pantomi
by Frank W. Green, Pavilion Theat
London, December 26, 1882. (15) a p
tomime by E. L. Blanchard, Drury La
December 26, 1883. (16) 'A Little Op ^
for Big Children, and a Big Opera •
Little Children,' music by John Farn:
libretto by the late H. S. Leigh, Harr« ,
December, 1883 ; performed as an opeK;
recital at St. James's Hall, May 2, II.
(17) A pantomime by John Douglj,
Standard Theatre, London, December .
CINDERELLA AT SCHOOL
CIPRICO
;84. (18) A pantomime by Frank W.
REEN and Oswald Allen, Sanger's Am-
litheatre, December 26, 18S4. (19) A
mtomime by F. C. Burnand, Crystal
ilace Theatre, December 22, 1SS5. (20)
pantomime by Leopold Wagner, Mary-
bone Theatre, London, December 27, 1886.
1) A pantomime by AV. Muskerry, San-
r's Theatre, London, December 27, 1886.
2) A pantomime, libretto by "Richard-
ENRY," music by Edward Solomon, Her
ajesty's Theatre, London, December 26,
89, with Miss Minnie Palmer as the
iroine, Miss F. Robina as the Prince, H.
irker aa Baron Brokestone, and other parts
MissL. Linden, Miss Irene Verona, Miss
la Chapman, Mrs. H. Leigh, Miss Ellis
ffreys, Fawdon Vokes, J. Le Hay, Shiel
irry, and C. Coborn. (23) A pantomime,
pretto by Fred Locke, music by C. S.
irker and J. Tabrar, Pavilion Theatre,
jndon, December 26, 1892. (24) A faiiy
ntomime, written by Horace Lennard
v.), Lyceum Theatre, London, December
1893, with Miss Ellaline Terriss as the
iroine. Miss C. Jecks as the Baroness,
[iss K. Chard as the Prince, Miss S.
tughan as the Fairy Godmother, V.
evens as Thishe, F. Emney as Clorinda,
Parker as the Baron, and other parts
Deane Brand, AV. Lugg, C. Lauri, Miss
linnie Terry, Miss Dora Barton, etc.; first
tformed in America, at Abbey's Theatre,
W York City, April 23, 1894. (25) A pan-
tnlme by George Co.nqukst and Henry
Iry, Surrey Theatre, December 26, 1893.
JS) A fairy play in five scenes, by E.
BSBIT (Mrs. Bland), New Cross Public
1,11, London, February 21. 1894. (27) A
iitomime by Sir Augustus Harris,
|ciL Raleigh, and Arthur Sturgess,
Mry Lane, December 26, 1895, with Miss
;', Bowman as Cinderella, Miss Ada Blanche
i the Prince, Miss A. Dagmar as Dandini,
rbert Campbell as the Baron, Dan Leno
: the Baroness, and other parts by L.
.'?nold. Miss Sophie Larkin, and Miss
iily Miller (as Cinderella's sisters). Miss
h Harold, Miss M. Cornille, etc. (28)
4)antomime by Geoffrey Thorn, Grand,
ington, December 26, 1896. (29) A pan-
lime by Geoffrey Thorn, Garrick The-
B, London, December 27, 1897, with Miss
<|ice Dudley as the heroine. Miss Helen
ttram as the Prince, W. Lugg as the
ron, Miss Kate Phillips as the Baroness,
IjNicholls and J. Le Hav as Cinderella's
sers, and other parts by F. Kaye, Miss
(tely Richards, etc. (30) A pantomime
WE. Barwick, Broadway Theatre, Dept-
I'l, December 27, 1897.— A version of the
S'yof Cinderella was played in America
a' The Glass Slipper.' See also Cinder
^ lly ; Cinder-Ellen ; Done-to-a-Cin-
iiella; Little Cinderella; Miss
<-derella; Our Cinderella; Pickles.
inderella at School. A musical
c ledy by Woolson Morse, adapted from
e Aschenbroden,' and tirst performed in
J>? York at Daly's Theatre, March 5, 1881,
^1 C. Leclercq, J. Lewis, Miss Ada Rehan,
Mrs. Gilbert, and others in the cast. See
School.
Cinderella the First. A comic opera
in three acts, libretto by Arthur H. Ward,
music by Henry Vernon ; Bijou Theatre,
Neath, August 29, 1892.
Cinderella the Second. A burletta
in two tableaux, libretto by S. Boyle
Lawrence, music by E. Bucalossi, first per-
formed at the Bijou Theatre, Bayswater,
London, in February 18, 1893, with S. Paxton
as Cinderella and Miss R. Pounds as Prince
Lothario.
Cinderella the Young-er. An extra-
vaganza in three acts, written by Alfred
Thompson, composed by E. Jonas, and first
performed at the Gaiety Theatre, London,
September 23, 1871, with Miss Julia Mat-
thews as Javotte, Miss Constance Loseby as
Belezza, Miss Annie Tremaine as Pamela,
J. D. Stoyle as Dodgerowski, J. G. Taylor as
Pri(jowitz, and other parts by J. Maclean
and Furneaux Cook ; produced in Paris
under the title of ' Javotte' in 1873.
Cinder-Ellen TJp Too Late. A bur-
lesque in three acts, libretto by "A. C.
TORR " (Fred Leslie) and W. T. Vincent,
music by Meyer Lutz, originally produced in
Australia ; first performed in London at the
Gaiety Theatre, on December 24, 1891, with
Miss Kate James as the heroine, Miss
Sylvia Grey and Miss Florence Levey as her
sisters, E. J. Lonnen as Prince Belgravia,
Arthur "Williams as Sir Liuhjate Hill, Fred
Leslie as "a servant," and other parts by
Miss M. Hobson, Miss E. Miller, Miss Maud
Boyd, etc.
Cinna's Conspiracy. A tragedy as-
cribed to COLLEY CiBBER and based on
history, first performed at Drury Lane The-
atre on February 19, 1713, with Booth as
Cinna, Mills as Maximus, Mrs. Oldfield as
Emilia, and Powell as Augustus. Cinna
and Maximus love Emilia, who incites the
former to conspire against Augustus. In
the end, "Augustus unites Cinna and
Emilia, and reconciles them to Maximus."
Cinq Mars. An historical drama by
Alwyn Maude and Maurice Minton, per-
formed at the Olympic Theatre, London, on
June 12, 1883.
Cinthio, Don. The lover in Mrs.
Behns ' Emperor of the Moon ' {q.v.).
Cinthio, Giraldi. See Laws op
Candy.
Ciprico, Georg-e M. American actor,
born in New York in 1847 ; made his dibut,
as Hamlet, in 1867 ; gave public readings in
many American cities, including New York
(in 1871) ; acted at St. Louis and Phila-
delphia, and appeared as a ''star" at
Baltimore in 1874 ; produced in July, 1876,
G. B. Densmore's ' Fates and Furies,' in
which he figured as Mons. Albert— a part
in which he figured at the Surrey Theatre,
London, in October, 1877.
CIRCASSIAN
CITY MADAM
Circassian (The). A fantastic comedy
in three acts, adapted by F. W. BroughtOxV
from ' Le Voyage au Caucase ' of Emile
Blavet and Fabrice Carre, and first per-
formed at the Criterion Theatre, London, on
November 19, 1887, with a cast including
David James, George Giddens, Sidney
Brongh, and Miss Annie Hughes.
Circassian Bride (The). An opera in
three acts, words by C. Ward, music by Sir
Henry Bishop, first performed at Drury Lane
on February 23, 1S09. On the following
night the theatre was burned down and the
score of the opera destroyed.
Circe. An opera, written by Dr. Charles
D'AVE.VANT (prologue by Dryden, epilogue
by Lord Rochester), and composed bv Ban-
nister ; performed at Dorset Garden in
1677, with Mrs. Lee in the title part, Better-
ton as Orestes, Mrs. Betterton as Ipliigenia,
and other parts by Harris, Smith, etc. The
plot, described by Genest as "a blessed
jumble," is based on Euripides' 'Iphigenia
in Tauris.'
Circuit. (1) A serjeant in Foote's
' Lame Lover' {q.v.). (2) A lawyer in DlB-
DlN's 'Birthday' {q.v.).
Circuit Judg-e (The). A play by Scott
Marble, performed in U.S.A.
Circumstantial Evidence. A play
by M. E. Swan, performed in U.S.A.
Circus (The). See Eloped with a
Circus Man.
Circus Clown (The). A play by
Fred. J. Beaman, performed in U.S A.
Circus Girl (The). A musical play
in two acts, dialogue Ny .1. T. Tanner and VV.
Palings, lyrics by Ad'rian Ross and Harry
Greenbank, music by Ivan Caryll and
Lionel Monckton ; first performed at the
Gaiety Theatre, London, December 5, 1896,
with Miss EllaUne Terriss as Dora, Miss
Ethel Haydon as La Favorita, Miss C.
Ediss as Mrs. Drivelli, E. Payne as Biggs,
.Seymour Hicks as Dick, H. Monkhouse as
^V?* T, Wemyss, A. Williams as Drivelli, and
other parts by L. Mackinder, W. Warde,
C. Coop, R. Nainby, M. Farkoa, Miss M.
Davis, Miss G. Palotta, etc. ; produced at
Daly's Theatre, New York, in April, 1S97,
with Miss Nancy Mcintosh in the title part,
Miss Virginia Earl as Dora, and Cyril Scott
as Dick.
Circus in Town (A). A play per-
formed in U.S.A., with E. Golden as
Bridget.
Circus Queen (The). A play in three
acts, adapted' from the French by George
E. Lask, with music (selected from Lecocq,
Herbert, and Sousa) added to the original
score, first performed at the Tivoli Opera
House, San Francisco, October 10, 1898.
Circus Rider (The). A comedy in one
act, by Mrs. Charles Doremus, adapted
from '"Die Kunstreiterin,' and performed in
America in 1SS7-8 with Miss Rosina Yokes
as Lady Lucille Grafton. See Caught Oc
and Fair Equestrienne.
Cissy's Eng-ag-ement. A duologu
by Ellen Lancaster Wallis (g.r.), Steir
way Hall, London, November 19, 1895.
Citizen (The). A comedy in three act;
by Arthur Murphy (g.r.), first performe
at Drury Lane in July, 1761, with Mi.'
Elliott (a protege of Murphy's) as Mari(
Yates and Foote as old and young Philpo
and other parts by Baddeley, Weston, an
O'Brien. The author afterwards reduce
the piece to two acts ; it was seen at Covei
Garden so late as 1818. " The character (
Maria, sl girl of wit and sprightliness, wl
in order to escape a match which she has s
aversion to, and at the same time make tl
refusal come from her intended husbar:
himself, by passing on him for a fool,
evidently borrowed from the character
Angelique in the ' Fausse Agnes ' of De
touches " (' Biographia Dramatica ').
Citizen turned Gentleman (The
or, Mamamouchi. A comedy by E
■WARD Ravenscroft {q.v.), adapted fro
the ' Bourgeois Gentilhomme ' and ' Mc
sieur Pourceaugnac ' of Moliere, and p(.
formed at Dorset Garden in 1671 ; print
in 1672, and again in 1675 (as ' Mamamouch;:
Citronen. See Lemons.
City Bride (The). See Cure foe
Cuckold, A.
City Directory (The), A play t
Paul M. Potter (music by W. S. Mullab'
produced at the Bijou Theatre, New Yo;
in February, 1890.
City Gallant (The). See Gree
TU QUOQUE.
City Heiress (The) ; or, Sir Timet:
Treatall. A comedy by Mrs. Behn (g. :
produced at Dorset Garden in 1681, w'
Nokes as Sir Timothy, Mrs. Butler
Chariot (the heiress), Betterton as T
Wilding (nephew to Sir Timothy), X'
Barry as Lady Galliard, and printed
1682. "This play is in great measun.
plagiarism, part of it being borrowed fi-
Middleton's ' Mad World, my Masters,';',
part from Massinger's ' Guardian.'" It £'•
owes something to Middleton's ' In *
Temple Masque." Otway wrote the p
logue. ; JL,
City Lady (The) ; or. Folly 3- 9,,
claimed. A comedy by Thomas Dil, "~'-
acted at Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1697, v i
Mrs. Barry as Lady Grumble, and otr
parts by Bowman, Bowen, Underbill, ^ •
Bowman, Mrs. Leigh, etc. "Lady Grur &
is lately removed from the City to Co^ t
Garden. She aff'ects quality in everyth ;.
but at last renounces her folly " (Genes'
City Madam (The). A comedya
five acts, by Philip Massinger (5)1
licensed in 1632, but not printed till L^-
It had been acted at Blackfriars by 9
King's Company. " Luke Frugal, after 1 1-
ing the life of a prodigal, has becon a
CITY MATCH
293
CIVITATIS AMOR
ecipient of his brother's charity. As such,
le hypocritically assumes the character of
. submissive and smooth-tongued depend-
.nt. . . . But he is suddenly subjected to
he crucial test of the inheritance of all the
realth of his brother, -who has pretended
ietirement into a monastery. He is now at
ince transformed into a monster of selfish
varice. ... In the end, his brief dream of
/ealth and power of course collapses ; while
;be trials to which they have been subjected
ffectually cure his brother's wife (the City
■ladam) and her daughters of their ridicu-
)us pride and pretensions " (A. W. Ward).
This bitter satire against the city women
)r aping the fashions of the court ladies
lUst have been peculiarly gratifying to the
jmales of the Herbert family and the rest
f Massinger's noble patrons and patron-
5ses." The play is said to have been altered
y Love (?.v.), and produced by him at
ichmond in 1771. It was revived in April,
'83, at Drury Lane, with Baddeley as Sir
^flhn Frugal, Palmer as his brother Luke,
ting as Plenty, Brereton as young Lacy,
!;rs. Hopkins as Lady Frugal, and Miss
arren and Mrs. Brereton as Mary and
nne Frugal. Adapted by Sir James Bland*
;urgess, it was produced, under the title of
[Eliches ; or. The Wife and the Brother,' at
He Lyceum Theatre on February 3, 1810,
ith Raymond as Luke, Powell as Sir John
rafic {Frugal), Mrs. Edwin as Lady Traffic,
id Miss Ray and Mrs. Orger as the sisters,
was revived at Sadler's Wells in its ori-
■nal shape in October, 1844, with Phelps
Luke and Mrs. Warner as Lady Frugal ;
September, 1852, with Phelps as Luke, G.
3nnett as Sir John Frugal, II. Marston as
lenty, Barrett as young Lacy, and Mrs.
srnan as Lady Frugal ; and in March, 1S62,
ing the last piece produced by Phelps at
is theatre.
3ity Match (The). A comedy by Jasper
AY.NE ((/.I'.), played before royalty at White-
.11 in_1639 ; revived at the King's Play-
use in 1668, when it was witnessed by
'pys, who declared it to be "a silly play ; "
Vived at Drury Lane, in an altered form,
April, 1755, under the title of 'The
ihemers;' revived by Planchd at Covent
irden, London, on February 5, 1828, with
ditions from Rowley's 'Match at Mid-
^ht,' and under the title of ' The Mer-
ant's Wedding ; ' revived under that title
Sadler's Wells in 1852.
,:!ity Nig-ht-Cap (The); or, Crede
(tod. habes, et habes. A comedy by
^BERT Davenport {q.v.), acted at the
joenix, Drury Lane, and printed in 1661.
he plot of Lorenzo, Philippo, and A bsteinia
• taken from 'Philomela, the Lady Fitz-
ter's Nightingale,' by Robert Greene ; and
'it of Ludovico, Francisco, and Dorothea,
! which the new-married lady is set to
^ homage to her husband's night-cap, is
Towed from Boccaccio's 'Decameron,'
y 7, Nov. 7" ('Biographia Dramatica'}.
'i Amorous Prince.
'ity of London Theatre, The
Spirit of the, figured in PLANCHii's
'New Haymarket Spring Meeting' (q.v.).
See London Theatres.
City of Pleasure (The). A play
adapted by George R. Sims from the
' Gigolette ' of Pierre Decourcelle and Ed-
mond Tarb6 (Arabigu, Paris, November,
lSy3) ; first performed at the Prince of
Wales's Theatre, Birmingham, April 22,
1895 ; first acted in America at the Empire
Theatre, New York, September 2, 1895.
City Politiques. A comedy by J.
Cro WNE (q. V. ), printed in 1683. ' ' This play
was a very severe satire upon the Whig party
then prevailing."
City Ramble (The); or, A Play-
house Wedding:. A comedy by El-
KANAH Settle (q.v.). based on ' The Knight
of the Burning Pestle ' and ' The Coxcomb '
(q.v.), and first performed at Drury Lane in
August, 1711.— 'A City Ramble; or. The
Humours of the Compter : ' a farce by
Charles Knipe, acted at Lincoln's Inn
Fields in June, 1715.
City Shuffler (The). A play in two
parts, performed at Salisbury Court, Lon-
don, in 1633.
City "Wit (The) ; or, The Woman
wears the Breeches. A comedy in
prose and verse, by Richard Brome (q.v.),
printed in 1653.
City Wives. A comedietta performed
in New York in 1844.
Civil War. A drama in four acts,
adapted by Herman Merivale from Albert
Delpit's ' Mdlle. de Bressier '(Ambigu, Paris,
April 19), and produced at the CJaietv Theatre.
London, on June 27, 1887, with Kyrle Bellew
as Jacques Rosny, Mrs. Brown Potter as
Faustine de Bressier, and other parts by
J. Fernandez, Lewis Waller, Arthur Dacre,
S. Brough, Miss Fanny Brough, Miss Amy
Roselle, etc.
Civilization. A play in five acts, founded
by John H. Wilkins (q.v.) on Voltaire's
' Le Huron,' and first performed at the City
of London Theatre, on November 10, 1852,
with J. R. Anderson as Hercule (a supposed
Huron), H. Rignold as Louis XIV., N. T.
Hicks as M. Lascelles (secret agent), W.
Searle as the AbU Gabriel, W. Travers as
Victor Le Bel (his secretary), Miss Marian
Lacy as Hortense, Miss F. Morant as Therese,
etc. ; performed in New York in 1853, with
J. Wallack, jun., as Hercule. The plot has to
do with the love of Hercule and Hortense,
whose union Lascelles tries hard to prevent.
In the course of the play, Hercule says—
"To hope
Against despair— to trust against suspicion—
To feel that woman, and her angel love,
Are the true rectifiers of the world ;
And that to her, and her alone, we owe
The charm that makes our ruggedness a garden ;
Yes, hand in hand must Truth and Honour walk.
With Woman for the guide ! That's— Civilization ! "
Civitatis Amor : the City's Love.
"An entertainment by water, at Chelsea
I
CLACK
CLANDESTINE MARRIAGE
and Whitehall, at the joyful receiving " of
Prince Charles at the latter place on Novem-
ber 4, 1616; written by Thomas Middle-
ton, printed in 1616, and reprinted in
Nicholls's ' Progresses of King James.'
Clack, Justice. A character in Brome's
'Jovial Crew' (q.v.).
Claimant (The) ; or, The liost One
Found. A drama by H. P. Grattan,
Surrey Theatre, London, April 1, 1872. (2)
' Claimants : ' a comedy in one act, adapted
by Hermann Vezin from Kotzebue and
Schneider ; Assembly Rooms, Worthing,
September 28, 1891 ; St. George's Hall, Lon-
don, November 15, 1898.
Claire. (1) A version, in four acts, of M.
Georges Ohnet's novel, ' Le Maitre de Forges,'
by Mrs. Bernhardt-Fischer, New Cross
Public Hall, May 7, 1887. (2) A play adapted
by Clara Morris (q.v.) from the ' Eva' of
Richard Voss, and first performed in Omaha,
U.S.A., in November, 1892 ; produced at the
Fourteenth Street Theatre, New York, in
April, 1894.
Claire, Attalie. Vocalist and actress,
born at Toronto ; made her entree as a con-
cert-singer at the age of fourteen. Subse-
quently she sang in opera, making her di^but
in New York as Siehel in ' Faust ' (followed
by Marguerite), and afterwards undertaking
an engagement with the Boston ' Ideals.'
Later on, she was heard in New York as
3tartha, as Carmen, and as Arline (in 'The
Bohemian Girl '). She made her first appear-
ance in London as the heroine of ' Captain
Ther^se' (1890) ; after which came her Bet-
sinda and Rosalba in 'The Rose and the
Ring ' (1890), and her Annabel in ' Maid
Marian ' (1891). In New York she played
the heroine in ' La Cigale ' {q.v.). Returning
to London in September, 1897, she repre-
sented Gretchen in Leoni's ' Rip Van Winkle '
(q.v.).
Claire de Beaupre. The heroine of
PiNERO'S ' The Ironmaster ' (q.v.).
Clairette. " Daughter of the Market "
in 'La Fille de Mdme. Angot' (q.v.).
Clairvoyant, Sir. A character in
Tom Taylor's ' Prince Dorus' (q.v.).
Clam. A drama in three acts, by C. H.
Ross (q.v.), first performed at the Surrey
Theatre, April 16, 1870. " Clam" is a nick-
name of the heroine.
Clamydes, Sir. See Clyomon, Sir.
Clancarty, Lady. See Lady Clax-
CARTY.
Clancy, Michael. Physician and
playwright, of Irish parentage ; author of
three dramatic pieces—' Taraar, Prince of
Nubia,' ' Hermon, Prince of Chorsea '
(printed 1746), and 'The Sharper' (printed
1750). In 1737 he lost his sight, and on
April 2, 1744 (for his own benefit), appeared
a-t Drury Lane (lent by the management) as
Tiresias, the blind prophet in ' (Edipus.'
This was claimed as the first instance of a
blind man performing on the stage.
Clandestine Marriag-e (The). .
comedy in five acts, by George Colma
(q.v.) and David Garrick (q.v.), first pe
formed at Drurv Lane Theatre on Februav
20, 1766, with King as Lord Ogleby, Yate
as Sterling, Powell as Lovewell, Holland g
Sir John Melvil, Baddeley as Canton, Palmt
as Brush, Love as Sergeant Flower, Lee ?
Traverse, Aikin as Trueman, Mrs. Clive f
Mrs. Heidelberg, Miss Pope as Miss Sterlin
Mrs. Palmer as Faring Sterling, and Mr
Abington as Betty (and Miss Crotchett in tl
epilogue). [Garrick is reported to have sa
to Cradock : "I know that you all take
as granted that no one can excel, if he a,
equal, King in Lord Ogleby, and he certain
has great merit in the part ; but it is n
MY Lord Ogleby."] The comedy was pe
formed in New York in December, 176
with Hallam as Ogleby. It was revived
Covent Garden in 1768, with Woodward
Ogleby; at the same theatre in 1770, wi,
Quick as Canton and Mrs. Mattocks
Fanny ; at Drury Lane in 1775, with Baddel
as Canton ; at the Haymarket in 1784, wi
Parsons as Ogleby, INIiss Farren as Fam
and Mrs. Bulkeley as Betty; at Cove
'Garden in 1789, with Quick as Sterlii
Farren as Sir John, and Miss Brunton
Fanny ; at Drury Lane in 1798, with
Kemble as Loveivell, Wewitzer as Canti
and Miss Mellon as Betty; at the sa
theatre in 1802, with Miss Pope [by ro;
command] as Mrs. Heidelberg, and in li;
with Cherry as Ogleby, Bannister, jun.,
Brush, and Mrs. Young as Fanny ; at i
Haymarket in 1806, with Fawcett as Ogl
and Mrs. Glover as Miss Sterling ; at •
Lyceum in 1810, with C. ]Mathews
Ogleby, Dowton as Sterling, and Mrs. Ed' .
as Fanny ; at Covent Garden in 1813, ■w.
Terry as Ogleby, Blanchard as Sterli.
Farley as Canton, and Mrs. Davenport i
Mrs. Heidelberg ; at Drury Lane in 1817, v i
Chatterley as Ogleby, Wallack as Loveu ,
Harley as Brush, Miss Kelly as Mrs. Hei ■
berg, "^Irs. Mardyn as Miss Sterling, I\.
Bartley as Fanny, and Mrs. DavisoiH
Betty ; at Covent Garden in 1818, v i
Farren as Ogleby, Fawcett as Sterling, i
INIrs. C. Kemble as Miss Sterling ['-
Farren's Lord Ogleby drew great hous'"
says Genest]; at Covent Garden in l',
with Mrs. Glover as 3[rs. Heidelberg, I !•
Walter Lacy as Fanny, Mrs. Nisbett as . '«
Sterling, Mrs. Orger as Betsy, Cooper en ^
John, G. Bartley as Sterling, G. Vanden ff
as Loveivell, and W. Farren as Ogleby t
the Olympic Theatre, London, on Oct ;r
22, 1853, with Farren as Ogleby (the i-
racter in which he took his farewell of le
stage at the Haymarket, July 16, 1855 ■ «
Sadler's Wells in September, 1857, h
Phelps as Ogleby, H. Marston as Sir o ».
F. Robinson as Loveivell, Belford as B. "■<
Mrs. H. Marston as Mrs. Heidelberg, id
Mrs. C. Young as Fanny ; at Wall ^ s
Theatre, New York, in 1859, with Wale as
Ogleby, Brougham as Canton, and L.er
Wallack as Brush ; at the Princess's in J.
1871, with Phelps as Ogleby, J. B. Ho ra
as Sir John, H. Standing as Lovewe JJ-
CLAXRONALD
295
CLARISSA HARLOWE
Charles as Brush, Miss R. Leclercq as Miss
'Sterling, INIrs. R. Power as Mrs. Heidelberg,
and Miss E. Stuart as Fanny ; at the Gaiety
in April, 1874, with Phelps as Ogleby, H.
Vezin as Loveivell, C. Harcourt as Sir John,
W, Maclean as Sterling, J. G. Taylor as
Brush, R. Soutar as Canton, Mrs. H. Leigh
ns Mrs. Heidelberg, Miss C. Loseby as Fanny,
Miss A. Baldwin as Miss Sterling, and Miss
E. Farren as the chambermaid ; at the
Strand Theatre, London, May 7, 1887, with
»W. Farren as Lord Ogleby, H. B. Conway as
'Sir J. Melvil, Reeves Smith as Loveivell, R.
Soutar as Canton, M. Kinghorne as Brush ;
at the Haymarket in March, 1903, with Cyril
Maude as Lord Ogleby, A. Aynesworth as
Melvil, C. M. Hallard as Loveivell, L. Rignold
as Sterling, Eric Lewis as Canton, Mrs. C.
Calvert as Mrs. Heidelberg, Miss B. Ferrar
•as Miss Sterling, and Miss J. liateman as
\Fanny. Hogarth's ' Marriage ii la Mode '
lis said to have suggested this comedy ; and
it has been asserted that Lord Ogleby,
Sterling, and Brush were taken bodily,
with dialogue, but with changed names,
from Townley's farce, ' False Concord '
iq.v.). " ' The Clandestine Marriage,' " says
Hazlitt, "is nearly without a fault; and
has some lighter theatrical graces which I
suspect Garrick threw into it." The " mar-
riage is that of Loveivell, a well-born ap-
fprentice, with Fanny, the younger daughter
(of the rich merchant. Sterling. Sir John
is engaged to Miss Sterling, but loves her
sister, whom Lord Ogleby is also fain to
wed. Accident brings out the truth,
and Lord Oglfby befriends the married
lovers.
Clapp, W. W. See Boston (U.S.A.).
Claptrap. The name of characters in
Douglas Jkrroi.d's ' Beau Xash ' {q.v.) and
H. J. Byron's ' George de Barnwell' {q.v.).
Clara. (1) Daughter of Gripe in Ox-
WAY's ' Cheats of Scapin.' (2^ Daughter of
Bon Guzman in Sheridan's ' Duenna' (q.v.).
L3) Affianced to Octavio in Jephsou's 'Two
(Strings to your Bow ' (q.v.). See Douglas,
Clara.
Clare, Lady. See L.ady Clare.
Claremont. "The Barrister" in the
idaptation from Augier so named (q.v.).
^ Clarence Clevedon, his Strugrgle
:or Life or Death. A drama in three
Lcts, by Edward Stirling, first performed
-t the Victoria Theatre, London, on April
', 1849.
Clari ; or, The Maid of Milan. An
pera in three acts, written by J. Howard
•ayne, composed by Sir Henry'Bishop (q.v.),
nd first performed at Covent Garden on
lay 8, 1823, with ^Nliss INIaria Tree as the
eroine, Abbott as the Duke Vivaldi, Fawcett
s Rolamo (a farmer, Clari's father), Keeley
s &'e)-o7iio(a drunken actor), and other parts
y Mrs. Vining, Miss Love, Pearman, Mea-
ows, etc. The Duke has induced Clari,
nder offer of marriage, to leave her home,
'he, howeyer, retains her innocence, and.
warned by a play acted before her, escapes.
The Duke thereupon repeats his promise
which he now intends to keep, and Rolamo
joins the lovers' hands. It is in this opera
that the melody of ' Home, Sweet Home '
(q.v.) occurs. The work was played in New
York in November, 1823, with Miss Johnson
as Clari ; at Sadler's Wells in 1826, with
Mrs. Fitzwilliam in the title part ; at the
City of London Theatre in 1838, and at the
Marylebone Theatre in 1854. Clari was
played in America by Mrs. Duff.
Clariana. Wife of Bellamente in Shir-
ley's 'Love's Cruelty' (q.v.).
Claribelle. A maidservant in E. FiTZ-
ball's 'Robin Hood' (q.v.); figures also in
BuRNAND's burlesque so named (q.v.).
Clarice; or. Only a Woman. A
drama, in a prologue and four acts, by
Walter Browne and Frank Roberts,
first performed at the Strand Theatre,
London, November 17, 1886.
Clarice. The heroine of W. S. Gilbert's
' Loaiedy and Tragedy' (q.v.).
Claricilla. A tragi-comedy by Thomas
KiLLlGREW (q.v.), acted at the Phcpnix in
Drury Lane (circa 1636), and printed in 1641.
Clarinda. (1) The heroine of Mrs.
Centlivre's 'Beau's Duel' (q.v.). (2) A
lively lady in Hoadley's ' Suspicious Hus-
band ' (q.v.). (3) A character in Mrs, Pix's
' Adventures in Madrid ' (q.v.).
Clarion, Shrill, in Coyne and Tal-
FOURD's ' Leo tlie Terrible' (q.v.).
Clarissa Harlowe. The heroine of
Samuel Richardson's.famous story, of which
there have been several adaptations : (1)
" Clarissa ; or. The Fatal Seduction : ' a tra-
gedy in prose by Robert Porret, founded
on the novel by Samuel Richardson ; printed
in 1788, but never acted. (2) ' Clarissa
Harlowe : ' a comic burletta, first performed,
with Mrs. Glover as Clarissa, at the Olympic
Theatre, London, on January 3, 1831. [A
French play in five acts, by Minaud, was
performed at the Theatre Fran^ais on March
27, 1S33. This followed the novel closely in
many respects, ending with Morden killing
Lovelace over the dead body of Clarissa. ] (3)
' Clarissa Harlowe:' a tragic drama in three
acts, adapted by T. H. Lacy and John Court-
ney from a French version of Richardson's
novel, by MM. Dumanoir, Guillard, and Clair-
ville (Gymnase, Paris. 1842) ; first performed
at the Princess's Theatre, London, on Sep-
tember 28, 1846, with C. J. Mathews as
Lovelace, Mrs. Stirling as Clarissa, Ryder as
her father, James Vining as her brother ;
produced at the City of London Theatre in
October, 1846, with J. "Webster as Jjovelace
and Mrs. R. Honner as Clarissa. This
was probably the version produced in
New York in 1856, with Miss Keene as
Clarissa. (4) ' Clarissa : ' a dramatization
by Dion Boucicault of Richardson's
novel, first produced at Wallack's Theatre,
New York, in September, 1878, with Misa
CLARISSA 296
Rose Coghlan in the title part, and C. F.
Coghlan as Lovelace. (5) ' Clarissa Har-
lowe : ' a drama in five acts, adapted from
Richardson by W. G. Wills, and first per-
formed at the Theatre Royal, Birmingham,
on December 16, 1889, with Miss Isabel
Bateman as Clarigsa and Henry Vibart as
Lovelace. (6) ' Clarissa : ' a play in four
acts, adapted by Robert Buchanan from
Richardson and the French play above
named, and first performed at the Vaiidevile
Theatre, London, on February 6, 1890, with
:Miss Winifred Emery in the title part, T.
B. Thalberg as Lovelace, T. Thorne as Bel-
ford, Cyril Maude as Solmes, Miss Ella Banis-
ter as Hetty, and other parts by Miss Lily
Hanbury, F, Thorne, etc.
Clarissa. (1) The heroine of ' Lionel and
Clarissa' (q.v.). (2) Wife of Grijye in Van-
brugh'S ' Confederacy. (3) Sister of Beverley
in Murphy's ' All in the Wrong' (5. v.).
Clarisse; or, Th.e Foster Sister. See
Ernestine.
Clarisse ; or, The Merchant's
Daug-hter. A drama in three acts, by
Edward Stirling, first performed at the
Adelphi Theatre, London, on September 1,
1845, with Mdme. Celeste as the heroine,
supported by Miss Woolgar, Miss Reynolds,
U. Smith, Webster, Munyard, Wright, Paul
Bedford, etc.
Clark, Amos. See Amos Clark.
Clark, Thornton. The nom-de- guerre
adopted by 8. Murray Carson (q.v.) in
collaborating as a playwright with Loui3
N. Parker (q.v.).
Clark, "William. Actor, born 1816,
died 1887 ; began life as a violinist, and
made his histrionic debut at Weymouth in
1833. His first appearance in London was
at the Surrey in 1837. In 1838 he joined
the company at the Haymarket, with which
lie remained connected for nearly four
decades. He was in the original casts of
'The Balance of Comfort' (1854), 'Love's
Martyrdom ' (1855), ' Victims ' (1857), ' An
Unequal Match ' (1857), Talfourd's ' Electra'
(1859), 'The Contested Election' (1859),
'The Overland Route' (1860), 'The Palace
of Truth' (1870), etc.
Clarke, Campbell. Dramatic writer ;
author of ' Awaking ' (1872), ' Rose Michel '
(1875), 'Love and Honour' (1875) — all
adapted from the French ; part-author
(with Clement O'Neil) of an adaptation of
' Girofle-Girofld ' (1874); and translator of
•The Sphinx '(1874).
Clarke, C. A. Dramatic writer ; author
of ' Cagliostro the Magician ' (1875), ' Current
Cash ' (1886), ' Days of Terror ' (1891), ' Trust
to Luck' (1891), 'Starting Price' (1894),
etc. ; and part-author, with J. J. Hewson,
of 'Noble Love' (1890), and, with H. R.
Silva, of ' Men of Metal' (1890). See Cole-
man, John.
Clarke, Charles Cowden. Miscel-
laneous A\Titer, born 1787, died 1877 ; was
CLARKE
the author of ' Shakespeare Characters,
chiefly those Subordinate ' (1863). His wife'
Mary Cowden Clarke(1S10-IS98), was the
compiler of ' The Complete Concordance to
Shakespeare ' (1845) and of ' Shakespeare
Proverbs' (1848). She also wrote 'The
Girlhood of Shakespeare's Heroines,' in
fifteen tales (1851-2), and supervised an
edition of 'The Works of Shakespeare'
(1860). W^ith her husband, she edited ' The
Plays of Shakespeare ' (1864), and produced
' The Shakespeare Key (unlocking the trea-
sures of his style, elucidating the peculiari-
ties of his construction, and displaying the
beauties of his expression) ' (1879). See her
autobiographical work, 'My Long Life'
(1896).
Clarke, Creston. Actor ; son of J. S.
Clarke (q.v.) ; made his London debut in
May, 1890, at the Vaudeville, as Hamlet
in the closet scene. He played Orsino in
' Twelfth Night ' at Daly's, New York, in
1893.
Clarke, Georg-e H. Actor; as a
member of Augustin Daly's company, which
he joined originally in 1869, appe'ared in.
London in 1888 (at the Gaiety) as Grinnidge
in 'The Railroad of Love,' and "a Lord"
in the induction to ' The Taming of the
Shrew ; ' in 1890 (at the Lyceum) as Holly-
hock in ' Casting the Boomerang,* Jaques in
• As You Like It,' and the young husband
in ' A Woman's Won't ; ' in 1891 (at the
Lyceum) as the Secretary in 'The Last
Word ; ' in 1S93 (at Daly's) as Petruchio,
Master Walter, Richard I. in 'The Foresters,
and Joseph Surface ; in 1894 (at Daly's) as.
Malvolio ; in 1895 (at Daly's) as the Duke o)
Milanin ' The Two Gentlemen of Verona,' anc
Theseus in ' A Midsummer Night's Dream.
The following are some of the parts playec
by George Clarke in New York -.—CharUi
Courtly, Orlando, George D'Alroy, Wellbori
(in 'A Way to Pay Old Debts') (1869)
Honeyuwod in 'The Good-natured Man
(1870) ; Flutter (in 'The Belle's Stratagem')
Gold/inch (in 'The Road to Ruin'), youn<
Mirabel (in 'The Inconstant'), Ford (ii
the 'Merry Wives'), Charles Surface, anc
Julio (in 'A Bold Stroke for a Husband'.
(1872); Biro7i in 'Love's Labour's Lost.
(1874); Captain Duretete in 'The IncoD
stant ' (1889) ; and Yotmg Fashion in 'Mis.
Hoyden's Husband ' (1890).
Clarke, George Somers, B.D. Fe
low of Trinity College, Oxford ; author c
' Q:dipus, King of Thebes,' a tragedy
printed 1790.
Clarke, Ham.ilton. Musical compose
and orchestral conductor ; has written th
music for ' Fairly Puzzled' (1884), 'Mates
(1890), and other dramatic pieces ; also, inc
dental music f or ' Nitocris ' (1887), etc., ove
tures, and other works for the stage.
Clarke, Henry Savile. Dramat
writer and critic, born 1S41, died 189^,
was author of the following pieces :-
'That Beautiful Biceps' (1876), *A Tale <
a Telephone' (1880), 'The New Rip Vd
CLARKE
297
CLARKE
Winkle' (1880), 'The Phantom Cutlet ' (1880),
'A Lyrical Lover' (1881), 'An Adamless
Eden,' libretto (18S2), ' Gillette,' libretto
1883), 'The Inventories' (1885), 'Hugger-
Mugger,' and adaptations of ' Alice in Won-
derland' (1886) and 'The Rose and the
Ring' (1890); also, with L. H. F. du Ter-
reaux, 'Love Wins' (1873) and 'A Fight
w Life ' (1876) ; -with A. E. T. Watson,
'■ rendarvon ' (1874) ; and, with L. C. Clifton,
Another Drink' (1874)— all of which see.
An Adamless Eden ' and 'A Lyrical Lover,'
is well as two one-act pieces called ' Dolly'
:ind 'A Little Flutter,' were published in
1892 in a volume entitled after the last-
mmed piece. Savile Clarke contributed
nany criticisms of the stage to the Ux-
tminer, the Scotsman, the Theatre, Punch,
)tc.
Clarke, Holman. Actor; after ex-
)erience as an amateur, began his pro-
essional career in 1891 as member of a
ouring company. He has since been in
he original casts of ' Hypatia ' (1893), ' A
Voman of No Importance' (1893), 'An
Lnemy of the People ' (1893), ' The Tempter '
1893), ' The Charlatan' (1894). ' Once Upon
u Time ' (1894), 'A Bunch of Violets' (1894)
[-all at the Haymarket.
i Clarke, John. Actor, died 1879; seems
0 have made liis first public appearance at
he Strand Theatre in January, 1852, as
'faster To&j/in Wilkins's'Civihzation'(g.v.).
le figuredlater in the year at Drury Lane ;
.nd then went into the country, whence he
eturned to the Strand in September, 1855.
)uring his stay at that theatre (1855-1862)
le was the first representative of the follow-
ng (and other) parts -.—Ikey in L. Bucking-
.am's ' Belphegor,' Varncy in Halliday's
Kenilworth,' Isaac in 'The ]Maid and the
riagpie,' Gaiters in ' The Bonnie Fishwife,'
ieauseant in H. J. Byron's ' Lady of Lyons,'
[lickster in Mayhew's ' Goose with the
(rolden Eggs,' Gesler in Talfourd's * Tell,'
'iaron Balderdash in H. J. Byron's ' Cinde-
jella,' Quasimodo in Byron's 'Esmeralda,'
'^heophilus White in ' The Two Othellos,'
Hzarro in L. Buckingham's burlesque, and
saae of York in H. J. Byron's 'Ivanhoe.'
rem the Strand he went to the St. James's,
here he was the original Martha in Bur-
and's 'Faust and Marguerite' (1864).
'ext came an engagement with Miss Marie
t'ilton at the Prince of Wales's, where, in
565-66, he was the first interpreter of
mina in H. J. Byron's ' La ! Sonnambula,'
'uhbly in 'War to the Knife,' Chodd,jun.,
1 'Society,' Leporello in 'Little Don Gio-
mni,' Pennythorne in ' £100,000,' Hicgh
halcot in ' Ours,' Caspar in H. J. Byron's
Der Freischutz,' and Juno in his 'Pan-
ora's Box.' In 1867, at the Adelphi, Clarke
as the original Tracey Toogood in ' A
retful Porcupine,' and in 1868, at the
lympic, the original Jem Sivain in ' Black
heep.' At the Globe in 1868-70 he was
le first Matthew Pincher in ' Cyril's Suc-
5SS,' and the original Judah Lazarus in
Philomel,' besides playing Mould In ' Not
such a Fool as he Looks.' At the Adelphi
in 1872 he was Tracy Tidier in H. J. Byron's
' Mabel's Life.' Then came employment at
the Criterion (1874-77), where his original
parts included Screiv in 'An American
Lady,' Pilkie in ' The Great Divorce Case,'
and Brisket in ' Pink Dominos.' Clarke
was also seen at the Globe in 1868-70 as
Qiiilp in 'The Old Curiosity Shop' and
Brown in ' Brown and the Brahmins,' at
the Adelphi in 1875 as Uriah Heep in
'Little Em'ly,' and so forth. In 1873 he
married Teresa Furtado (q.v.). See the
JEra for February 23, 1879 ; also ' Mr. and
Mrs. Bancroft on and off the Stage ' (1888).
Clarke, Jolin H. Actor, born in Man-
chester, 1788 ; died in New York, 1838 ;
made his American debut in 1822, and be-
came, says J. N. Ireland, "one of the most
valuable stock actors known to our stage."
His parts included Prospero, lago, Hubert,
the Ghost in ' Hamlet,' Stukeie//, Joseph
Surface, etc. His wife and three of hia
daughters — Fanny, Rosetta, and Con-
etantia— had some vogue as actresses.
Clarke, J. I. O. See Heartsease and
Klein, Charles.
Clarke, John Sleeper. Actor, born
at Baltimore, U.S.A., 1834 ; made his pro-
fessional dibut in Augusc, 1852, at the
Chestnut Street Theatre, Philadelphia, as
Soto in ' She Would and She Would Not '
{q.v.). In 1854 he appeared successively in
Baltimore and New York, and in 1855 went
to the Arch Street Theatre, Philadelphia, of
which, in 1858, he became the joint lessee
and manager. From 1862 to 1867 he was at
the Winter Theatre, New York. He had,
in 1865, joined Edwin Booth in the pur-
chase of the Walnut Street Theatre, Phila-
delphia, and in 1866 had undertaken the
joint management of the Boston Theatre.
He made his first appearance in London at
the St. James's Theatre in October, 1867, as
Major Wellington de Boots in ' The Widow-
Hunt ' (otherwise ' Everybody's Friend,' re-
vised for the occasion). This was followed
by impersonations of Tyke in ' The School
of Reform ' (St. James's, 1867), Salem Scud-
der in ' The Octoroon ' (Princess's Theatre,
1868), and of Jack Gosling in ' Fox versus
Goose,' Babington Jones in 'Among the
Breakers,' Timothy Toodles in 'The Toodles,'
and Dr. Pangloss in ' The Heir-at-Law ' — all
at the Strand Theatre in 1868-70. In the
last-named year he acted in the States. In
July, 1876, he reappeared at the Strand
Theatre as Dr. Pangloss, following this up
in 1872 at the same theatre with Dr. Ollapod
in ' The Poor Gentleman ' and Paul Pry in
Poole's comedy. In the same year he became
lessee of the Charing Cross Theatre, and ap-
peared there as Bob Acres in ' The Rivals.'
In 1874 came his Phineas Pettiephogge in
' The Thumbscrew ' at the Holborn Theatre.
From the autumn of 1878 to the summer of
1879 he was lessee of the Haymarket Theatre,
where he produced Albery's 'Crisis' and
Wills's ' Ellen ' (afterwards ' Brag '), also
figuring as Graves in ' Money,' etc. At th©
CLARKE
CLAUDIAN
same house in 1S80 he was the original
David Di)nple in 'Leap Year' {q.v.^. In
1SS2 he opened the new Strand Theatre,
appearing as the original Pierre Coquillard
in 'Frolique' {q.v.), and as Beetles in Tom
Taylor's ' Eloped' {q.v.). In 18S3 he revived
there 'The Comedy of Errors,' with himself
as Dromio of Syracuse. At the Avenue in
1884 he was the original Peter Patten in
* Just in Time,' and in 1885, at the Strand,
■was the first representative of the title part
in 'Cousin Johnny' {q.v.). See 'Actors and
Actresses of Great Britain and America,'
Pascoe's 'Dramatic List' (1880), and 'Dra-
matic Notes' (1879, et neq.). See, also,
Clarke, Creston and Wilfrid.
Clarke, Mary Cowden. See Clarke,
Charles Cowden.
Clarke, Matthew. Actor; was em-
ployed at Covent Garden, on and off, from
1755 to 1783, and was the original Sir
William Honeiiwood in ' The Good-natured
Man' {q.v.). Genest says of him that, " tho'
not a great actor, he was a very respectable
one. His best character was Henry VIII."
See ' English Stage ' (1832).
Clarke, Mrs. Asia Booth. Daughter
of Edwin iJooth {q.v.), and wife of John S.
Clarke {q.v.) ; born 1838, died 1888 ; author
of 'The Booths.'
Clarke, Richard. Vocalist and actor ;
was the original Claude in 'The Castle of
Como ' (1889), and the first representative in
America of Marco in ' The Gondoliers '
(1890). He was Piquillo in ' La Perichole ' at
the Garrick Theatre, London, in 1897. He
is the author of a one-act piece called 'A
Matrimonial Advertisement ' (1895).
Clarke, Stephen. Author of two
dramas called ' The Poison Tree ' and ' The
Torrid Zone,' both printed in 1809.
Clarke, Wilfrid. Actor, born 1867,
at Philadelphia; son of J. S. Clarke (?. v.) ;
made his professional debut at the Strand
Theatre, London, in 1885, in 'Nicholas
Nickleby.' After experience in London and
the English provinces, he sailed in 1888 for
the States, where he Avas engaged first by
Miss Julia Marlowe to play Touchstone,
Agtiecheck, etc., and next by Edwin Booth
and Laurence Barrett as leading comedian.
In 1890 he began his career as a " star,"
appearing on tour as To7iy Lumpkin, Bob
Acres, etc. In August and September, 1895,
he figured at the Strand Theatre, London,
in his own farcical play, ' New York Divorce '
{Paul Roach), and in his father's one-act
piece, ' A Youngster's Adventure ' {Kit
Curtis).
Claude, Ang-elina. Actress ; was a
member of the Strand Theatre company
from April, 1873, to August, 1876, during
which period she was the first representa-
tive of Rosalie Roinpanneau in ' Nemesis,'
Seraphin in ' El Dorado,' Bagatelle in ' Loo,
and the Party who took Miss,' Flor-Fin in
' Intimidad,' Allserina in ' Flamingo,' Mdlle.
Flo in • Antarctic,' Lady Vapid in ' Cracked
Heads,' and Selika in Burnand's ' L'Afri-
caine,' besides figuring in revivals of ' The
Field of the Cloth of Gold ' {Darnley) and
' Patient Penelope.'
Claude Du Val. This famous high-
wayman has been the central figure of the
following dramatic pieces :— (1) ' Claude
Duval, the Ladies' Highwayman : ' a farce
in one act, by T, P. Taylor, City of London
Theatre, May 8, 1842, with Miss Ellen Daly
as Claude. (2) ' Claude Du Val : ' a play
by W. T. MONCRIEFF, revived at the Mary-
lebone Theatre in IMay, 1863. (3) ' Claude
Duval ; or, The Highwayman for the Ladies :
a burlesque by F C. Burnakd {q.v.), first
performed at the Royalty Theatre, London.
January 23, 1869, with Miss INI. Oliver as
Claude, Miss Charlotte Saunders as Loro
Ronald, F. Dewar as Jacob Kidd, J. Danvers
as Mabel, P Day as Ikey, and other parts bj
INIiss N, Bromley, Miss K. Bishop, and Mis;
C. Thompson (4) ' Claude Duval ; or, Lov(
and Larceny :' a romantic and comic opera
by H. P. Stephens {q.v.) and Edward So
lomon {q.v), first performed at the Olympi.
Theatre, London, on August 24, ISSl, witl
F. H. Celli in the title part, G. Power a
Charles Lorrimore, Arthur Williams as Si
Whiffie Whaffle, Fred Solomon as Bloodret
Bill, Miss Marian Hood as Constance, Mis
Edith Blande as Rose, Miss Harriet Covene;
as Mistress Betty. (5) 'Claude Duval:'
burlesque in two acts, by Frederici
BowYER and "Payne Nunn," music b
John Crook and Lionel Monckton, first per
formed at the Prince's Theatre, Bristo
July 23, 1894, with A. Roberts in the titi
part, and other roles by Eric Thorne, H. C
Clarey, C. E. Stevens, Miss F. Schubert!
etc. ; ' produced at the Prince of Wales
Theatre, London, September 25, 1894.-
Claude Duval figures in W. T. ToWNSEND
' Whitefriars* {q.v.).
Claudia's Choice. A play in verse b
Ross Neil {q.v.), performed in 1883.
Claudian. A play in a prologue ar
four acts, constructed by Henry Herma
{q.v.), and written by W. G. Wills {q.v.
first performed at the Princess's Theatr
London, on December 6, 1883, with Wils(.
Barrett in the title part, W. Speakman ;
Agazil, E. S. Willard as the Holy Clemer
C. Hudson as Thoriogalus, F. Cooper ;
Theorus, Clifford Cooper as Alcares, Geor
Barrett as Belos, Miss Eastlake as Almid
Miss Emmeline Ormsby as Serena, Miss 1
Dickens as Hera, and other roles by Nevi]
Doone, Mrs. Huntley, etc. ; revived at t
Princess's in 1889, with W. Barrett and M:
Eastlake in their original parts. Miss Ali
Belmore as Serena, and A. Melford
Clement ; at the Metropole, Camberwell,
1899, with W. Barrett as Claudian and M
Maud Jeffries as Almida. Wilson Barn,
has "starred" as Claudian both in t
English provinces and in the United Stat
In the former Claudian has been played
Leonard Boyne, the Holy Clement by
Dewhurst, Agazil by D'Esterre Guinne
CLAUDINE
299
CLAYTON
Thoriogalus by J. Mclntyre, Almida by
Misses C. Grahame and L. Linden, Serena
by Miss Maggie Hunt. See Paw Clawdian.
Olaudine. (1) The village belle in ' The
JMiller and his Men' {q.v.), and the bur-
flesqnes founded on it. (2) A character in
'*La Fille du Tambour Major ' {q.v.).
Olaudine; or, The Basket Maker.
A burletta by Charles Dibdin, jun., acted
at Sadler's Wells and printed in ISOl.
Claudio, in 'Much Ado About Nothing'
iq.v.), is a young lord of Florence, who
p'hath borne himself beyond the promise
loi his age." (2) Claudio, in 'Measure for
Measure,' is the brother of Isabella and the
tieducer of Juliet.
Claudius. The king in ' Hamlet ' (q.v.).
Claudius, Appius. See Appius.
: Clause, in Beaumont and Fletcher's
'Beggar's Bush' (q.v.), is the father of
^Goswin (q.v.).
Claverhouse, G-rahain of, figures
in Falconer's ' Bonnie Dundee ' (q.v.).
Clavig-o. An English translation of
this tragedy by Goethe was published in
1798.
Claxton, Kate, actress, appeared at
'the Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York, in
;1870-72, as Sebastia^i in 'Twelfth Night,'
I'frusty in ' The Provoked Husband,' Mar-
U;ella in ' A Bold Stroke for a Husband,'
\Kate Bocket in 'Old Heads and Young
(Hearts,' Jo in 'Man and Wife,' Inicille in
IBoucicault's 'Jezebel,' and Genevieve in
'* The Baroness.'
Clay. A brickmaker in Murray's ' Dia-
mond Cut Diamond ' (q.v.).
Clay, Cecil. See Pantomime Re-
hearsal and Yokes, Rosina.
Clay, Frederick. Musical composer,
born 1839, died 1889 ; pupil of Molique and
Hauptmann ; wrote the music of the follow-
ing operas and operettas :— ' The Pirate's
Isle ' (1859), * Out of Sight ' (1860), ' Court
,and Cottage' (1862), 'Constance* (1865),
'The Bold Recruit' (1S68), 'Ages Ago'
(1869), 'The Gentleman in Black' (1870),
•In Possession' (1871), 'Happy Arcadia'
(1872), 'Cattarina' (1874). 'Don Quixote'
(1875), ' Princess Toto ' (1875), ' The Merry
iDuchess' (1883), 'The Golden Ring' (1883).
He also wrote incidental music for 'Twelfth
Night' and Albery's 'Oriana.'
Claychester Scandal (The). A co-
medy m four acts, Theatre Royal, Colchester,
December 9, 1898 ; revised and re-produced,
iunder the title of ' Intruders,' at the The-
atre Royal, Worcester, January 16, 1899,
with a cast including Miss Fanny Brough,
fJ- G. Taylor, Rudge Harding, C W. Gar-
Ithorne, C. Douglas Cox, IMiss Jessie Robert-
!6on, Miss Maud Abbott, and Miss Dorothy
Hammond.
Clayo, Pipo de. See Pipo de Clayo.
Clayshire, Earl of, in Conway Ed-
WAHDES' 'Long Odds' (q.v.).
Clayton, Estelle. American play-
wright ; author , of ' F^avette,' ' A Gentle
Savage,' 'A Sad Coquette,' etc.
Clayton, John [John Alfred Clayton
Calthrop]. Actor, born at Gosperton,
Lincolnshire, February, 1845 ; died Feb-
ruary, 1888 ; acted succe.ssfully as an ama-
teur, and made his professional debut at
the St. James's Theatre, London, in Feb-
ruary, 1866, as Hastings in 'She Stoops
to Conquer.' After this he was the
first representative of the following cha-
racters :—CoZ/iei/ //a«c/i in 'He's a Lunatic'
(1867), Landry Barbeau in 'The Grass-
hopper' (1867), Kedgely in 'Dearer than
Life ' (1868), Monks in Oxenford's ' Oliver
Twist' (1868), Medlicott in 'Time and the
Hour' 1868), Earl Mount-Fevcrcourt in
'Dreams' (1869), Young Calthorpe in 'An
Old Score' (1869), Vaubert in 'A Life Chase'
(1869), Joe Lenyiard in 'Uncle Dick's Dar-
ling ' (1869), J aggers in ' Great Expectations '
(1870), Jormell in 'Coals of Fire' (1870),
Captain Boodle in ' On Guard ' (1871), Victor
Tremaine in 'Awaking' (1872), Juan de
Mirafiore in ' Philip' (1873), George de Cha-
vannes in ' Lady Flora ' (1873), Hugh Trevor
in 'All for Her' (1875), Os^) in 'The Dani-
scheffs'(1877), and Henry Beauclerc in 'Diplo-
macy • (1878). In 1879 he fulfilled an engage-
ment at Booth's Theatre, New York, where
he was in the original cast of ' Rescued *
(q.v.), and was also seen as Nemours in
' Louis XL' Returning to England, he was
the original interpreter, successively, of
Bobert Dudley in Wingtield's ' Mary Stuart '
(1880), Sir George Fallow in ' Good Fortune'
(1880), and Hugh Kelson-Derrick in ' Coralie '
(ISSl). In September, 1881, he became co-
manager Avith Arthur Cecil of the Court
Tlieatre, where he was the first representa-
tive of Baoul de Latottr in ' Honour ' (1881),
Max Engelhardt in 'Mimi' (1881), Hartley
Venn in 'My Little Girl' (1882), Chiff in
'The Manager' (1882), the Hon. Charles
Tracy in 'The Parvenu' (1882), Geyieral
Dexter in 'Comrades' (1882), the Bev.
Humphrey Sharland in ' The Rector' (1883),
Bobert Streightley in 'The Millionaire'
(1883), LeiL'is Long in 'Margery's Lovers'
(1884), the Due de Chevreuse in ' Devotion '
(1884), Sir John Cartaret in ' The Opal Ring'
(1885), Colonel Lukyn in 'The Magistrate'
(1885), Admiral Bankling in 'The School-
mistress' (18S6), and the Dean of St. MarvelVs
in ' Dandy Dick ' (1887). Other parts played
by him in London from time to time in-
cluded Joseph Surface (Vaudeville, 1872),
Louis XIII. in ' Richelieu ' (Lyceum, 1873),
Cromicell in Wills's 'Charles I.' (1874),
the brothers Dei Franchi in ' The Corsican
Brothers' (1876), D'Alroy in ' Caste' (Prince
of Wales's, 1879), Sir Horace Welby in ' Forget
Me Not' (Prince of Wales's, 1880), Harold
Boycott in ' The INIonev-spinner ' (St. James's,
1881), Ledger, M.P. in'' The Parvenu ' (Court,
1882), Sir Jasper Combe in ' Dan'l Druce '
iL
CLAYTOX
CLEOX
^Court, 1SS4), the Chevalier Broivne in ' Play '
'court, 18S4), John Goring in 'The Den-
hams ' (Court, 1885), etc.
Clayton, Thomas, musician (circa
1692-1730), promoted, with N. F. Haym and
C. Dieupart, a series of opera performances
at Drury Lane Theatre— the first (1705)
being that of 'Arsinoe, Queen of Cyprus'
(g.i\), for which Clayton had compiled the
score from various foreign sources. Later
(1707) came Addison's 'Rosamond' (g.v.).
of which Clayton composed the music.
The enterprise ended in 1711. An anony-
mous contemporary suggested that Clayton
" made the worst musick in all the world."
Oleander. A tragedy acted before the
Queen at Blackfriars in 1634, and licensed
in Mav, 1637, as "by PHILIP Massinger."
See Lovers Progress, The.
Cleanthe. (1) Sister of Siphax in
Beaumont and Fletcher's 'Mad Lover'
iq.v.). (2) Cleanthe, in Talfourd's 'Ion'
iq.v.), is the lady beloved by the hero.
Cleanthes, in 'The Old Law' {q.v.), is
the son of Leonides.
Clear Ahead. A drama in four acts, by
C. A. Clarke ('/.r.). first performed at the
Theatre Royal, Oldham, August 3, 1S85.
Clear Case (A). A farce in one act, by
Gilbert Abbott a Beckett {q.v.), first per-
formed at the St. James's Theatre, London,
with C. Selby and Mrs. Selby in the cast ;
performed in New York in March, 1849.
Cleft Stick (A). A comedy in three
acts, by John Oxenford (g.r.), founded on
Grangier and Thiboust's ' Supplice d'un
Homme,' and first performed at the Olympic
Theatre, London, on November 7, 1865, by
F. Younge, H. Wigan, Mrs. Stephens, etc.
See Member for Slocum.
Cleland, John. Miscellaneous writer,
born 1707, died 17S9; author of three dra-
matic pieces—' Titus Vespasian' (1755), ' The
Ladies' Subscription ' (1755), and ' Tombo-
Chiqui ' (1758).
Clemanthe. The heroine of Tal-
fourd's 'Ion' iq.v.).
Clemenceau Case (The). A play by
"William Fleron, adapted from 'L' Affaire
Clemenceau ' of Dumas fiU and Armand
D'Artois (Paris, Varietes, 1880), and first
performed at the s^tandard Theatre, New
York, on January 25, 1890.
Clemens, Samuel. See Twain, Mark.
Clement, The Holy, figures in Her-
man and WiLLS's ' Claudian' {q.v.). — Justice
Clement is a character in ' Every Man in his
Humour' {q-v.).
Clementina. A tragedy by Hugh
Kelly {q.v.), acted at Covent Garden in
February, 1771, with Mrs. Yates as the
heroine. " A gentleman being asked, after
one of the representations of this play, if
he did not hiss it, replied, ' How could I ?
A man can't hiss and yawn at the same
time ' " (' Biographia Dramatica '). (2) ^
farce by Edward Moncrieffe, Surrey
Theatre, September 5, 1892.
Clementina. Maid-of -all-work in W.
Brough's 'Apartments' {q.v.).
Clements, Arthur. Dramatic writer ;
author of ' Dan'l Tra-Duced, Tinker,' bur-
lesque (1876), 'The Telephone '(1878), 'Two
Photographs ' (1884), ' The Two Blinds,'
' Two to One,' etc. ; and part-author, with
R. Soutar, of 'Jack and Jill,' pantomiine
(1874), and, -nith F. Hay, of ' Cracked Heads,'
burlesque (1876).
Clench. (1) Zachary, Saul, and Tdbitha ',
Clench are characters in Oxenford's ' Uncle
Zachary' (q.v.). (2) Jo-'^iah, Mrs., andJfa&ei
Clench figure in H. J. Byron's ' The Girls' '
iq.v.). I
Clench and "Wrench. A farce, per- '
formed at the Bijou Theatre, Bayswater,
June 7, 1879.
Cleombrotus. A character in Mrs.
Cowley's ' Fall of Sparta' {q.v.).
Cleomenes. A Sicilian lord in 'The ■
Winter's Tale '(5-. f.).
Cleomenes, the Spartan Hero. A '
tragedy by John Dryden, first performed '
at the" Theatre Royal in May, 1692, with ;
Betterton as Cleomenes, Alexander as '
Ptolemy (King of Egypt), Sandford as Sosy- ■
hius (his first minister), Mrs. Barry as Cas- '
Sandra (his mistress), Mrs. Bracegirdle as ■
Cleora (second wife to Cleomenes), Mrs.
Betterton as Cratesiclea (his mother), Mount-
fort as Cleanthes (his friend), and Kynaston
as Pantheus. The scene is Alexandria.
Cassandra falls in love with Cleomenes, and
in the absence of Ptolemy confesses her pas-
sion, to which Cleomenes does not respond.
He is thereupon imprisoned and nearly
starved. He and Cleanthes incite the
Alexandrians to revolt, but the attempt
i2L.\\s, a,rni Cleayxthes and Cleomenes kiU one
another. "The additions which Dryden
has made to the real story are chiefly the
scene in which the Spartans are nearly
starved, the love of Cassandra for Cleo-
menes, the whole character of Cleora, and
nearly the whole of Cleanthes" (Genest). ■
In his preface to the play as printed Dryden
wrote : " Mrs. Barry has in this tragedy ex-
celled herself, and gained a reputation
beyond any woman whom I have ever seen
in the theatre.' The play was revived at
Covent Garden in August, 1721, with MUls
as the hero and Mrs. Thurmond as Cas-
sandra. " Part of the fifth act of this play
was written by Thomas Southerne, to whom
Dryden, in consequence of an illness, had
entrusted its completion and revision" (A.
W. Ward).
Cleon. Governor of Tarsus, in 'Peri-
cles, Prince of Tyre ' {q.v.).
Cleon; or, Clean out of Sight, out.
of Mind. A musical drollery by A.
Maltby, Alexandra Theatre, Liverpool,
March 23, 1874.
CLEONE
CLIFFORD
Cleone. A tragedy in five acts, by
Robert DODSLEY {q.v.), first performed at
fCovent Garden on December 2, 1758, with
iMrs. Bellamy in the title part. Garrick
"had refused the play, but Mrs. Bellamy's
acting made it a success. " People," -wTites
Gray to Mason, "who despised 'Cleone'
in manuscript, went to see it, and confess
'they cried so !'" "An imperfect hint to-
wards the fable of this tragedy was taken,"
says the ' Biographia Dramatica,' " from the
' Legend of St. Genevieve,' written originally
in French, and translated into English in
the seventeenth century by Sir William
Lower. Mr. Pope had attempted in his very
sarly youth a tragedy on the same subject
which he afterwards destroyed."
Cleonice, Princess of Bithynia. A
tragedy by John Hoole, first performed at
Covent Garden in INIarch, 1775, with Mrs.
Hartley as the heroine.
Cleopatra, Queen of Egypt, besides
Sguring in Shakespeare's 'Antony and
Cleopatra' (q.v.), Sedley's tragedy of that
iname (q.v.), Dryden's ' All for Love' (q.v.),
SHAW'S 'Caesar and Cleopatra' (q.v.) and
;' Great Caesar' (bi>rlesque) (q.v.), is the
:entral figure in other plays, to which she
yives her name : (1) ' Cleopatra : ' a tragedy
by Samuel Daniel, based on the narrative
[by Plutarch, and printed first in 1594, and,
jigain, with alterations, in 1623. "It seems
inot to have been acted, and it is very unfit
for representation, many of the speeches
being of an enormous length. . . . The
merit of it consists chiefly in the language.
[t is deficient in action. Even the death
3f Cleopatra is related by a messenger"
[Genest). The story begins after the death
pf Antony, "and the imagination," says A.
W. Ward, " is touched by the grandiose
lisolation of the opening situation, where
ohe Queen is discerned alone in the Monu-
nent, face to face with her destiny." (2)
Cleopatra, Queen of Egypt, her Tragedy,'
3y Thomas May, acted in 16-26, and printed
.n 1639. "The play begins before the open
•upture between Octavins Caesar and
Intony. ... In the fourth act Cleopatra
yavers between Caesar and Antony. In the
ifth, Antony stabs himself. . . . Cleopatra
inters in robes of state. Antony's hearse
s brought in. She applies the asp "
Genest). (3) ' Cleopatra : ' an adaptation by
a. Rider Haggard of his story so named,
)roduced at the Windsor Theatre, New
iTork, in March, 1891 ; it had been per-
ormed originally at Louisville in Septem-
ber, 1890, under the name of ' Harmachio '
?•«•). (4) 'Cleopatra:' a play translated
rem the French of Emile INIoreau and
/ictorien Sardou (Porte St. Martin, Paris,
Jctober, 1890), and first performed at the
nfth Avenue Theatre, New York. — Of
)hakespeare's Cleojmtra Hazlitt says that
ler character "is a masterpiece. . . . She
s voluptuous, ostentatious, conscious, boast-
ul of her charms, haughty, tyrannical,
ickle. . . . Cleopatra's whole character is
ne trmmph of the voluptuous, of the love
of pleasure and the power of giving it, over
every other consideration." See jMdlle.
Cleopatra.
Cleopatra. A farcical comedy in three
acts, adapted by Arthur Shirley (q.v.)
from 'Les Amours de CleopAtre,' and first
performed at the Shaftesbury Theatre,
London, on the afternoon of June 25, 1891,
with Miss Maud Milton, Fred Mervin, and
Scott Buist in the principal parts. See
Mdlle. Cleopatra.
Cleopatra, in C. Selby's ' Antony and
Cleopatra' (7.?;.), is a grisette.
"Cleopatra's majesty."— 'As You
Like It,' act iii. sc. 2.
Cleremont. Friend of Dinant in Beau-
mont and Fletcher's 'Little French
Lawyer ' (q.v.).
Clergryman's Daughter (The). See
My Girl.
Clerical Error (A). A comedietta in
one act, by Henry Arthur Jones (q.v.), first
performed at the Court Theatre, London, on
October 13, 1879, with Wilson Barrett as the
vicar, G. W. Anson as the butler, and Arthur
Dacre and Miss Winifred Emery as a couple
of lovers.
Clerice, Justin. See Coquette and
Royal Star.
Clerk of Clerkenwell (The); or,
The Three Black Bottles. A romantic
drama in two acts, by George Almar,
Sadler's Wells Theatre, February 3, 1834,
with a cast including the author, R. Hon-
ner, C. J. Smith, etc.
Clerk of the Weather (The). A
fantastic comedy in three acts, by Kate
Osborne and Agatha Hodgson, Aquarium
Theatre, Brighton, February 26, 1894.
Clerke, "William. Author of ' Mar-
ciano ; or, The Discovery,' a tragi-comedy,
acted in Edinburgh and printed in 1663.
Clermont, Madame, in Dimond's
'Adrian and Orilla' (^.y.), is the name as-
sumed by Matilda. (2) Lady Charlotte Cler-
mont is the heroine of G. Abbott a.
Beckett's 'Artist's Wife' (q.v.).
Cleveland, Miss. See Stirling, Mrs.
Arthur.
Clever, Mrs. A character in Rowe's
•Biter' (q.v.). (2) Clever, in Sheridan
Knowles'S ' Woman's Wit' (^.t;.), is Hero's
man-servant.
Clever Capture (A). A comedietta
by Mark Melford, Theatre Roval, York,
March 7, 1890.
Clever Sir Jacob. See Out of the
Frying-Pan.
Clicquot. Count of Champagne in Far-
nie's 'Champagne' (q.v.).
Clifford, Martin, Master of the
Charterhouse (1671-77), is said to have had
a hand in the composition of 'The Re-
hearsal' (q.v.).
CLIFFORD
802
CLIVE
Clifford, Mrs. William. Actress,
bom 1791, died 1S50 ; daughter of a Bath
physician ; married an officer in the army,
and after his death (1S14) went on the stage.
"There is good evidence," says her grand-
son, Clifford Harrison, " that her capability
as an actress was of no mean order. She
acted with Edmund Kean, with Mrs. Sid-
dons, with the Kembles, and with Mac-
ready ; and in later years she was a member
of the Haymarket Theatre, in the days of
the elder 'Farren and Mrs. Glover. She
was in the original cast of 'The Lady of
Lyons,' in which play. Lady Martin has told
me, she was really admirable, raising the
small part she was assigned {Madame Des-
chapelles) to distinction by the excellence of
her acting. John Kemble said she was the
Unest Lady Macbeth, 'after Sarah Siddons,'
that he had ever seen. And Sir Walter Scott,
who was present once in the Edinburgh
Theatre when she was acting in ' Guy Man-
nering,' was so excited and pleased with her
performance that he exclaimed, ' WhUst
that woman lives Meg Merrilies will never
die : ' " (' Stray Records,' 1S92). See the
JSra for September 15, 1S50.— Mrs. Clifford's
daughter Ellen was on the stage for a short
time before her marriage with William Har-
rison, the well-known vocalist (q.v.). See
Fanny Kemble's ' Records of my Girlhood.'
Clifford, Mrs. W. K. Novelist and
dramatic writer ; author of ' A Honeymoon
Tragedy' (1896), 'A Supreme Moment'
(1S99), 'The Likeness of the Night' (1900\
'A Long Duel '(1901), 'The Search Light'
(1902); author, jilso, with W. H. Pollock
Iq.v.). of 'An Interlude' (produced in
1893).
Clifford, Paul. See Paul Clifford.
Clifford, Rosamond. See Rosamond,
Clifford, Mr., in Burgoyne's ' Heiress'
(q.v.), is in love with Lady Emily GayviUe.
(2) Clifford is a character in Pye's 'Ade-
laide' iq.v.). (3) Sir Thomas Clifford, in
Sheridan Knowles's 'The Hunchback'
{q.v.), is betrothed to Julia.
Climbing- Boy (The); or, The Little
Sweep. A comic drama in three acts, by
R. B. Peake, first performed at the Olympic
Theatre, London, July 13, 1S32, with Miss
Henderson in the title part, and other roles
by Bartley, John Reeve. F. Matthews,
Mrs. C. Jones, Miss H. Cawse, etc. ; per-
formed in New York in 1835.
Clinch., Lawrence. Actor ; born in
Dublin : played the title part in ' Alexander
the Great' at Drury Lane in 1772. He suc-
ceeded John Lee in the representation of
Sir Lucius 0' Trigger in ' The Rivals' (1775) ;
and, later in that year, was the original
Lieut. 0 Connor in Sheridan's ' St. Patrick's
Day ; or. The Scheming Lieutenant ' {q.v.).
Clincher. Father and son in Farqu-
HAR's ' Constant Couple ' (q.v.).
Clinker, Humphrey. See HUM-
puuEY Clinker.
Clio. A play in five acts, by Bartlet
Campbell {q.v.), first performed at the
Elephant and Castle Theatre, London,
i August 14, 18S5 ; first performed in America
I at Niblo's Gardens, New York, on August
17, 1885.
j Clito. A tragedy in five acts, by Sydney
Grundy (q.v.) and Wilson Barrett {q.v.),
j first performed at the Princess's Theatre on
' May 1, 18S6, with Wilson Barrett in the
title part. Miss Eastlake as Helle, E. S.
Willard as Glaucias, and other parts by
C. Hudson, A. Melford, J. H. Clyndes, C.
Fulton, S. Murray Carson, Miss Carrie
Coote, Miss Alice Belmore, etc.
Clive, Catherine. Actress and voca-
list, born 1711, died 1785 ; daughter of
William Raftor, an Irish lawyer of good
j family but small means. It was no doubt
j because her father had lost his property
I through adhering to James 11. that " Kitty,"
whose education apparently was neglected,
drifted on to the stage. Through the gooci
offices of Theophilus Cibber and of Chet-
wood — who says that she "had a facetious
turn of humour and infinite spirits, with a.
voice and manner in singing songs of plea-
santry peculiar to herself" — she attracted
the attention of Colley Cibber, who, in
1728, engaged her for Drury Lane, her first
appearance being made as Ismenes (the
page) in ' Mithridates' {q.v.). Her first
"original" part was that of Phillida in
Gibber's ' Love in a Riddle ' (q.v.), in which
(1729) she made a marked success both as
singer and as actress. At Drury Lane she
remained till 1743, figuring there as the first
representative of Sell in ' The Devil to Pay,'
Lappet in 'The Miser,' Lettice in 'The In-
triguing Chambermaid,' Bessy in Dodsley'a
• Blind Beggar of Bethnal Green,' and many
other characters, and being seen, also, as,
Miss Prue, Polly Peachum, Flippanta (in
' The Confederacy '), Miss Hoyden (in ' The
Country Wife'), Lady Fanciful {in 'The Pro-
voked Wife'), Lady Froth (in 'The Double
Dealer'), 3[rs. Brittle (in 'The Amorous
^Vidovr '), Millamaiit (in 'The Way of the
World'), etc. During this engagement
she also essayed Desdemona, Celia, Olivia
('Twelfth Night'), and Po/tia (' Merchant'
of Venice '), playing the last (it is said) w
a vein of broad comedy. In 1733 she bad
married George Clive, a barrister, and
second cousin of the famous soldier-states .
man, and thereafter acted as " Mrs. Clive.''
The union, however, was not happy, and,
was soon dissolved. In 1742 Mrs. Cliv(
sang the music of Delilah at the first per .
formance of Handel's ' Samson.' Garrick
becoming lessee of Drury Lane in 1746;
at once secured her for that theatre, t(
which she attached herself until she re;
tired from the stage in 1769. In the courst
of those twenty-three years she was the
original Lady Itiot in the altered 'Lethe.
{q.v.), Mrs. Cadwallader in 'The Author,
Slipslop in 'The Upholsterer,' Lucy in "Th.'
Guardian,' Kitty in 'High Life Belov
Stairs,' Muslin in • The Way to Keep Him,
CLOACINA
303
CLOCKWORK
Ladij Freelove in ' The Jealous Wife,' Widmo
Blackacre in the altered ' Plain Dealer '
Iq.v.), Mrs. Heidelberg in ' The Clandestine
iMarriage,' and Lady Fuz in ' Peep behintl
•the Curtain.' Within the same period she
appeared as Lady Wronghead (in ' The Pro-
poked Husband '), Bisarre (in ' The Incon-
stant'), Mrs. Frail (in 'Love for Love'),
Katherine (in ' Katherine and Petruchio '),
Lady Wishful (in ' The Way of the World '),
3tc. After her retirement she lived at
jStrawberry Hill in a house presented to her
Iby Horace Walpole. It was there that she
!3ied. Dr. Johnson declared that she was
"the best player he ever saw" ('Tour in
the Hebrides'). " Mrs. Clive in the spright-
iiness of humour," he said, "I have never
seen equalled. What Clive did best she
iid better than Garrick. . . . She was a
setter romp thin any I ever saw in nature."
Groldsmith averred that "she had more
;rue humour than any actor or actress on
:he English or any other stage he had
5een " (' The Bee '). Fielding wrote that
ihe had brought "the greatest genius for
icting on the stage." Churchill, in ' The
Sosciad ' (1761), says—
" First giggling, plotting chambermaids arrive.
Hoydens and romps led on by General Clive,
In spite of outward blemishes she shone.
For humour fam d, and humour all her own.
Easy, as if at home, the stage she trod.
Nor sought the critic's praise, nor fear'd his rod.
Original in spirit and in ta^e.
She pleas'd by hiding all attempts to please.
No comic actress ever yet could raise
On humour's base more merit or more praise."
Horace Walpole wrote, for an urn erected
jjy him in the shrubbery of the house he
j;ave her, the following lines : —
I " Ye smiles and jests, still hover round ;
This is mirth's consecrated ground.
Here livd the laughter-loving dame—
A matchless actress, Clive her name ;
The Comic Mujc with her retir'd.
And shed a tear when she expir'd."
»Irs. Clive v\Tote the following dramatic
iketches :— ' The Rehearsal; or. Boys in
Petticoats' (in which she herself played
Mrs. Hazard) (1753), ' Every Woman in her
aumour' (1760), '.Sketch of a Fine Lady's
ieturn from a Rout' (1763), and 'The
Mthful Irishman' (1765). See C. Cibber's
Apology' (1740), Chetwood's 'History of
he Stage ' (1749), Victor's ' History of the
Theatres ' (1761-71), ' The Dramatic Censor '
1770), Davies' 'Life of Garrick' (1780),
.Vilkinson's ' Memoirs ' (1790), Genest's
English Stage ' (1832), Sir Theodore Martin
n the ' Dictionary of National Biography '
1887), and 'The Life of Mrs. Catherine
::iive,' by Percy Fitzgerald (18SS).— Kitty
'Jlive is one of the chai-actei's in Tom Taylor's
Masks and Faces' (q.v.), and gives the title
.0 a one-act play by F. Frankfort Moore,
see Kitty Clive.
Cloacina. A " comi-tragedy," published
monymously in 1775, and attributed by the
Biographia Dramatica ' to Henry :Man. ' ' It
contains some pleasant satire on the caprice
)f managers, and tlie bad taste displayed by
)ur modern writers of tragedy." See Genest.
Cloches de Corneville (lies). A
comic opera, libretto (in four acts), by MM.
Clairville and Babet, music by R. Plan-
quette (Folies Dramatiques, Paris, April,
1877); first performed in England, with
English libretto (in three acts) by H. B.
Farnie and R. Reece, at the Folly Theatre^
London, on February 23, 1878, with Miss
V. Cameron as Germaine, Miss K. Munroe
as Serpolette, John Howson as the Marquis
de Corneville, Sheil Barry as Gaspard, W.
J. Hill as the Bailie of Corneville, Charles
Ashford as Goho, and Loredan as Grenicheux ;
transferred in August, 1878, to the Globe
Theatre, with Miss Cora Stuart as Germaine,
Miss Emma Chambers as Serpolette, F.
Mervin as the Marquis, W. H. Woodfield a.s
Grenicheux, and S. Barry, W. J. Hill, and
C. Ashford in their original parts ; later, at
the same theatre. Miss L. St. Quentin Avas
the Serpolette and H. Paulton the Bailie.
Revivecl at the Folly Theatre, London, in
1878, with Miss F. St. John as Germaine,
the piece had passed its five hundredth
night on September 6, 1879, when Barry
was still the Miser, with Ashford the Goho,
E. Righton as the Bailie, F. Darrell the
Grenicheux, Wilford Morgan the Marquis,
Miss Laura Clement the Germaine, and
Clara Thompson the Serpolette. At the
Globe Theatre in September, 1880, the cast
included C. Ashford, F. H. Celli, H. Paulton,
H. Bracy, Mdlle. Sylva, and ]Mdlle. d'Algua.
The opera was revived on February 17, 1890,
at the Opera Comique, with S. Barry and C.
Ashford in their original parts, T. Paulton
a<3 the Bailie, Miss Helen Capet as the
Germaine, and Miss Marian Erie as Serpo-
lette. The role of Germaine has been played
in the English provinces by the Misses
Cora Stuart, Amy Grundy, Annie Poole,
Clara Merivale, Marie Dorval, Florence
Lavender, etc. ; that of Serpolette by Misses
A. Praeger and Irene Verona ; that of the
Bailie by George Barrett and George Bel-
more. 'The opera was performed in U.S.A.
in 18S6 as ' The Chimes of Normandy.'
Clock (The). A drama in one act, by
Charles Hann.\n (-y.?;.).
Clock - Case (The) ; or, Female
Ctiriosity. An interlude, performed at
Covent Garden in May, 1777. "'Mrs. Square
conceals herself in a clock-case with a view
to overhear the secrets of the Freemasons.
She is discovered."
Clock on the Stairs (The). A drama
in one act, by C. H. Hazlewood (q.v.), first
performed at the Britannia Theatre, Lon-
don, February, 1862.
Clockmaker's Hat (The). A farce,
by T. W. Robertson, adapted from Mdme.
de Girardin's ' Le Chapeau d'un Horologer '
(Gymnase, Paris, December, 1854); played
in "New York with Mrs. J. Gougenheim as
Sally. See Betty Martin.
Clock-work. A burletta by Robert
Reece, performed at the Olympic Theatre,
London, in February, 1877.
CLOD
304
CLOWNS
Clod. Servant to Chronicle in O'Keefe'S
'Young Quaker '(g. v.).
Clodia and Clodius. Sister and
'urother in CUMBERLAND'S ' Banishment of
Cicero' (q.v.).
Clodio, in Fletcher's ' Custom of the
County ' (q.v.), makes love to Zenocia, Ar-
noldo's fiancee. (2) Clodio, in Ciuber's
'Love makes a Man' (g.r.), is a boastmg
coxcomb.
Clodoppa. A shepherd of Latmos in
W. Brough's ' Endymion ' (g.i.).
Clodpate, Justice, in ' Epsom Downs'
iq.V.).
Clodpole. A character in Betterton's
* Amorous Widow ' and ' Barnaby Brittle '
iq. v.).
Clopin. King of the beggars in H. J.
Byron's ' Esmeralda ' {q.v.).
Clora. Sister to Fabritlo in BEAUMONT
and Fletcher's ' Captain ' {q.v.).
Clorimon, in Lord Orrery's ' Altemira '
iq.V.), is one of the heroine's lovers.
Clorinda. (1) Wife of Omeopafico in
« La Tarantula' (q.v.) ; also, a character (2)
in MacNally's 'Robin Hood' (q.v.), (3) m
OXENFORD'S ' Family Feeling ' (q.v.).
Cloris, in Buckingham's 'Rehearsal'
(q.v.), is beloved by Prince Prettyman.
Clorys and Org-asto. A play acted
in 1591 at the Rose Theatre, London.
Close of the PoU (The); or,
Humours of an Election. A farce by
F. PiLON, tirst performed at Covent Garden
on October 19, 17S0.
Close Shave (A). (1) A farce by T.
W. Speight, produced at the Haymarket
Theatre, London, on August 9, 1834. (2)
A farcical comedy in three acts, by T. B.
Thalberg (q-v.). Theatre Royal, Stockton-
on-Tees, February 16, 1895.
Close Sieg-e (A). A burletta in one
act, by George Dance (q.v.), first per-
formed at the St. James's Theatre, London,
in 1S39, with a cast including Tilbury, King,
Brindal, Baker, and Mrs. Franks.
Closefist, Mr. Jonas. A house-owner
in T. J. Williams's ' Peace and Quiet ! '
Closerie des Genets (La). See
Willow Copse, The.
Closet. Woman to Lady Gallimrd in
Mrs. Behn'S * City Heiress ' (q.v.).
Cloten. "The conceited, booby Lord,
and rejected lover of Jmonen" in ' Cymbe-
line.' " It is remarkable that though (:ioten
makes so poor a figure in love, he is de-
scribed as assuming an air of const-quence
as the Queen's son in a council of state ;
and with all the absurdity of his person and
manners, he is not without shrewdness in
his observations " (Hazlitt).
"Cloth" is the professional term ap.
plied to a i»iece of scenery painted on
canvas, hung on a roller, and dropped from
the "flies" {q.v.).
Clotilda, in M. G. Lewis's 'One
o'clock ' (q.v.). Clotilde is the name of cha-
racters in (1) Webster's ' Fast Family ' and
in (2) ' Fernande ' {q.v.).
Cloud and Sunshine ; or, Liove's
Reveng-e. A drama in four acts, by
James R. Anderson, performed at Wal-
lack's Theatre, New York, in November,
1856 ; and at Drury Lane Theatre in Feb-
ruary, 1S58, with the author as the twin
brothers Edgar and Henri Dimoi.i, and
other parts by R. Roxby, Miss Elsworlhy,
and Mrs. Selby.
Cloud King- (The) ; or, The Magic
Rose. A musical drama, written by J. C.
Cross, performed at the Royal Circus, and,
printed in 1S09.
Cloudesley. " A gentleman of imagi-
native tendencies," in B. BERNARD'S ' Prac-
tical .Man' (q.v.).
Clouds. (1) A comedy-drama by Arthur
Peucival, Theatre Royal, Exeter, April l,'
1S72. (2) A play by Fred Marsde.x, per-
formed in U.S.A. in 1876. (3) A comedy-
drama by Sidney Bowkett, Hotel Metro-
pole, Brighton, January 20, 1894.
Clouds and Sunshine in a Life. A
play by Adolphe Faucquez, performed ai
Sadler's Wells Theatre, London, on Sep-
tember 27, 1862, with a cast including H.
Forrester, E. F. Edgar, W. H. Stephens,;
Lewis Ball, Miss Sophie Miles, and Miss-
Emily Dowton.
Clouds (The). A comedy by Aristo-
phanes (q.v.), translated into p]nglish bj
T. Stanley (1656), L. Theobald (1715), J
White (1759), R. Cumberland (1797).
Cloven Foot (The). A drama in foui
acts, adapted by Frederick Mouillot
and Janet Stee'r from the novel of tht
same name by M. E. Braddon, and firs'
performed on January 27, 1890, at Blackburn
produced at the Pavilion Theatre, London,.
June 30, 1890, and at the Grand, Islington|
June, 1891.
Clover. Friend to Hectic in G. Dance'.',
'Petticoat Government' {q.v.). {2) Kittr
Clover is a character in R. J. RAYMOND';:
'Mrs. White '(g.r.).
Clover. An opera written by Gen^I'
and Zappert, and composed by Franz Voi
Suppe, performed at Palmer's Theatre, Ne^'
York, in May, 1889, with De Wolf Hopper a
Casimir, and other roles by Eugene Ou'iin
Mdme. Cottrelly, and Miss Marion Manola.
Clo-wnly. A country gentleman in Mrs
iNCHBALD's 'Appearance is Against Them,
{q.v.).
Clowns (Elizabethan). See 'Hamlet,
act iii. sc. 2 : " And let those that play you
clowns speak no more than is set down fo
»
I
CLOWNS
CLYTUS
them ; for there be of them that will them-
selves laugh, to set on some quantity of
barren spectators to laugh too. . . . That's
yillanous, and shows a most pitiful ambition
ji the fool that uses it" {Hamlet to the
alayers). As Professor Ward reminds us,
Bishop Hall in one of his satires comments
ipon the behaviour of the typical clown of
;hose days, who
" laughs, and grins, and frames his mimic face,
And jostles straight into the prince's place."
'A peculiar danger beset our earlier dra-
natists in consequence of the usage allow-
ng full license of comic extravagance to
he clown, whose ambition it was to say
ery much more than was set down for
lim."
Clowns (Shakespeare's). (1) Dr. Brandes
ays of the Clown in ' Twelfth Night ' (q.v.)
:hat, "in harmony with the general tone
'f the play," he is "less witty and more
lusical than Touchstone (q.v.) in ' As You
jike It.' He is keenly alive to the dignity
f his calling : ' Foolery, sir, does walk about
16 orb like the sun ; it shines everywhere.'
[e has many delightful sayings, as for
sample, ' Many a good hanging prevents a
ad marriage.'" (2) Of the Clown in 'All's
/ell that Ends Well' the same authority
lys that, "witty as he is," he "has not
le serene gaiety of the earlier comedies.
e speaks here and there in the youthfully
himsical style of the earliest comedies,
at as a humoristic house-fool he does not
ink with such a sylvan fool as Touchstune,
creation of a few years earlier, nor witli
le musical court-fool in ' Twelfth Night.' "
;) Of ' Othello ' Dr. Brandes writes :
Shakespeare introduces, by means of the
'own, one or two deliberately comic pas-
ges ; but the Clown's merriment is sub-
led, as Shakesi)eare"s merriment at this
■riod always is." See ' William Shake-
eare,' by G. Brandes (1898).
Club Baby (The). A farcical comedy
three acts, by Lawrence S ierner, per-
rmed at the Lyric Theatre, Pealing, Sep-
taber 19, 1S95, with W. Edouin as Mr.
irkins, and other parts by H. R. Teesdale,
Calvert, 3Iiss Le Bert, Miss Editli Blande,
d Miss May Edouin ; produced at the
enue Theatre, London, April 27, 1898.
Club Friend (The). A play by Sydney
)SENFELD, first performed at Pittsfield,
iss., August 14, 1891 ; first represented in
!w York at the Star Theatre, August 31,
)1.
Ulub-Law. " A merry but abusive
nedy," written by George Ruggle (q.v.),
1 acted at Clare Hall, Cambridge, in
'7-8.
^lub of Fortune Hunters (The),
farce attributed to Charles Macklin,
■ 1 performed at Drury Lane in April,
:Jlump and Cudden ; or, The Re-
"iw. A musical farce in one act, by
Charles Dibdin, acted at the Royal Circus,
and printed in 1785.
Clumsy, Sir Tunbelly. Father of
iHss Hoyden in Vanbrugh's ' Relapse,'
Sheridan's ' Ti'ip to Scarborough ' {q. i\),
and 'The Man of Quality' (q.v.).
Clun. Actor; a member of Killigrew's
company ; died August 3, 1664. On August
4th in that year Pepys recorded that he
had been to the King's House to see ' The
Rival Ladies.' "Here we hear that Clun,
one of their best actors, was, the last night,
going out of towne (after he had acted the
' Alchemist,' wherein was one of the best
parts [Subtle] that he acts) to his country
house, .«et upon and murdered." "The
house will have a great miss of him," adds
Pepys. One of Clun's best characters was
lago.
Clutterbuck, Montg-omery, in
Pinero's ' Two can Play at that Game '
(q.v.).
Clutterbucks (The) ; or. The Rail-
road of Hope. A play performed at
Covent Garden in 1832, with Mrs. Keeley
in a leading part ; performed in New York
in 1833.
Cl3rfakeros.' "An unlicensed convey-
ancer " in ' Diogenes and his Lantern' (g.i;.).
Clyndes, J. H. Actor ; made his first
appearance in London at the Grecian The-
atre in October, 1S74, and as Hamlet. He was
in the original casts of ' Love and Money '
(Adelphi, 1SS2), ' A Ruined Life ' (Grand,
Islington, 1884), 'Human Nature' (Drury
Lane, 185i5), ' The Lord Harry ' (Princess's,
1S86), and ' Clito ' (Princess's, ISSG). He was
also seen at Drury Lane in 1SS5 in ' A True
Story ' and ' Never too Late to Mend.'
Clyomon (Sir), Knigrht of the
Golden Shield, Son to the King-
of Denmark; and Clamydes, the
White Knight, Son to the King- of
Suavia. A play printed in 1599, "as it
hatli been sundry times acted by Her
Majesty's Players." This is included by
Dyce in Peele's ' Works,' but F. G. Fleay
ascribes it to Robert Wilson (q.v.).
Cl3rtemnestra, wife of Agamemnon,
figures in Boyer's ' Achilles ' (q.v.), in
Thomson's ' Agamemnon ' (q.v.\ and in
Talfourd'S ' Electra' (q.v.).
Clytie. A drama in five acts, founded
by Joseph Hatton (q.v.) on his story so
named, and first performed at the Amphi-
theatre, Liverpool, November 29, 1875 ; first
performed in London at the Olympic Theatre
on January 10, 1876, with Miss Henrietta
Hodson as Clytie, F. H. Macklin as Tom,
Mayfield, Alfred Nelson as Philip Eansford,
and other parts by Miss A. Taylor, Miss L.
Howard, J. Vollaire, Odell, etc. ; played in
the English provinces in 1876-78 with Miss
Louise Sloodie as the hei-oine.
Clytus. An old soldier in Lee's ' Alex-
ander the Great' (g.i'.)— "the faithfullest
subject, worthiest counsellor."
COAL AND COKE
COBHAM
Coal and Coke. A farce by Charles
Harding and W. H. Swanborough, Strand
Theatre, London, January 27, 1S6S.
Coalition. (1) A musical farce in two
acts, by Leonard M'Nally, performed at
Covent Garden on May 19, 1783. (2) A
comedietta by T. H. Hardman and H.
North, Alexandra Theatre, Liverpool,
February 21, 1881.—' The Coalition ; or.
The Opera Rehearsed : ' a comedy in three
acts, by Rev. Richard Graves, performed
at Bath and printed in 1794.
Coal-mine (The). A drama by J. B.
Johnstone, Pavilion, Theatre, London,
March 11, 1S67.
Coals of Fire. A comedy in three acts,
by H. T. Craven {q.v.), first performed at
the Court Theatre, London, on November
20, 1871, with a cast including the author as
Job Riclcetts, John Clayton as Mr. Jormell,
Belford as Parmesan, Alfred Bishop, E.
Righton, Miss M. Oliver, and Miss M.
Brennan.
Coat of Many Colours (A). A
comedy in four acts, by Madeline Lu-
CETTE Ryley, performed (for copyright pur-
poses) at the West London Theatre, July
22, 1897 ; produced at the Grand Opera
House, Wilkesbarre, Pa., September 9, 1897,
-with Herbert Kelcey and Miss EiEe Shan-
non in the cast ; first performed in New
York Citv, at Wallack's Theatre, September
13, 1897.
Coates, Jolin. Actor and vocalist, bom
1865 ; joined the Carl Rosa company in 1893
as principal baritone, afterwards appearing
in America in ' Utopia, Limited' {q.v.). He
has figured in England in the original casts
of ' Mirette ' (1894) , ' All Abroad ' 1895), ' The
Runaway Girl ' (1898), etc.
Coates, " Romeo " [Robert]. Amateur
actor, born 1772, died 1S48 ; made his first
appearance in public at his birthplace,
Antigua, about 1788. His English debut
was made as Romeo at Bath in February,
1809. On December 9, 1811— having mean-
while become notorious as a " man of
fashion " — he played Lothario at the Hay-
market, and there was such a disturbance
among the audience that he had to ad-
dress them. On the 11th he published in
the Morning Herald a letter in which he
said : " In regard to the innumerable attacks
that have been made upon my lineaments
and person in the public prints, I have only
to observe that, as I Avas fashioned by the
Creator, independent of my will, I cannot
be responsible for that result, which I could
not control." He appeared again at the
Haymarket several times in 1S12, and at
Drury Lane in 1813. In the interval he
was made the subject of a caricature by
Charles Mathews \q.v.) in Sir H. B. Dud-
ley's ' At Home,' produced at Covent
Garden on February 25, 1813. In this
piece a Captain Dash was arrested, where-
upon Borneo Bantall (under which name
Coates was satirized) cried out, "I always
come forward with my talents for the sake
of charity— so I'U play Romeo for the poor
fellow's benefit -with all my soul 1 " The
allusion here is to Coates's profession that
he appeared only at charity performances.
Mathews afterwards gave at Bath in 1S14 a
'Dissertation on Hobbies' in imitation oi
Coates, who made his last appearances ir
that city in 1816. See Dutton Cook's 'On
the Stage' (ISSS), and the 'Life of Robert
Coates ' by J. R. and H. H. Robinson (1891)
Coaxer, Mrs. A character in Gay''
' Beggar's Opera ' (q.v.). (2) Mr. Wheedleto;
Coaxer is an elderly lady-killer in T. J
"Williams's ' Little Sentinel' {q.v.).
Cob, Oliver. A water-bearer in Jo.\
son's ' Every Man in his Humour' {q.v.).
Cobb, James. Dramatic writer, bori
1756, died 1818 ; was an oflScial in the Eas
India House. His works for the stage in
eluded ' The Contract ' (1779), ' The Weddiii'
Night' (1780), 'Who'd have thought it?!
(17S1), 'Kensington Gardens' (1781), 'Th;
Humourist' (1785), 'Strangers at Home
(1785), 'The First Floor' (1787), ' Love ii
the East ' (1788), ' Doctor and Apothecarv
(1788), 'The Haunted Tower' (17S9), 'Th'
Siege of Belgrade ' (1791), ' The Pirate.-
(1792), ' The Algerine Slaves ' (abridgmer
of ' Stransers at Home ') (1792), ' The Cherc
kee' (1796), 'The Shepherds of Cheapside
(1796), 'Ramah Droog' (1798), 'Paul an
Virginia ' (1800), ' Algonah ' (1802), ' A Hon;,
to be Sold' (1802), 'The Wife of Tw
Husbands' (1803), and 'Sudden Arrivals
(1809) ; also, ' Hurly Burly,' a pantomim
with T. King, the actor (1785). See'Bi^
gi-aphia Dramatica' (1812), Genest's 'En.
lish Stage ' (1832), etc.
Cobb, Tom. See Tom Cobb.
Cobbler's Daug-liter (Tbe). A dran:
in four acts, by Mrs. Sarah Lane (o.im
first performed at the Britannia Theatr;
London, on March 23, 1878.
Cobbs. The boots in ' Boots at tl
Holly Tree Inn' {q.v.).
Cobham, Thomas. Actor, bom
London, 1779; died 1842; after experien^
as an amateur and in the provinces, cai)
to London, and appeared at the theatj
in Tottenham Street, the Sun-ey, Sadie
■Wells, the Rovaltv, and Covent Gardo
where, in April', 1816, he figured as Richa
III. In this part he was seen by Hazlij
who wrote of the performance as '"a v
one." " He raved, whined, grinned, start,
stamped, and rolled his eyes with incrediV
velocity, and all in the right place acco :■
ing to his cue, but in so extravagant a:
disjointed a manner, and with such a tO;
want of common sense, decorum, or c^
ception of the character, as to be perfec,
ridiculous. He has taken a lesson fr;
Mr. Kean, whom he caricatures, and seef
to suppose that to be familiar or violent.'
natural " (' View of the English Stage
At Dublin in 1817 Cobham played Mad -
and Sir Giles Oven-each. In 1837 he '^
acting at the Marylebone. In his Is >
»
COBLER
CCEUR DE LION
;ars he was a great favourite with pro-
ncial and transpontine audiences in lead-
g "legitimate" rotes. He has, indeed,
;en described as "the Kemble of the
inor theatres."
Cobler (The). (1) A play acted by the
jrd Admiral's servants in 1597. (2) ' The
ijbler ; or, A Wife of Ten Thousand : ' a
illad opera by Charles Dibdi.x, first
rformed at Drury Lane on December 9,
74.—' The Cobler's Opera,' by Lacy Rvan,
is first performed at Lincoln's Inn Fields
1728, and acted at Drury Lane in 1731 as
he Amours of Billingsgate.' — ' The Cobler's
ophecy,' by Robert Wilson, was printed
1594.
3obler of Canterbury (The). A
jetite piece" first performed at Covent
irden on May 6, 1779.
Nobler of Preston (The). (1) A farce
Christopher ]]ullock, first acted at
ncoln's Inn Fields on January 24, 1716.
?his farce was begun on Friday, finished
j Saturday, and acted on the Tuesday
ilowing. It was hurried in this manner
^get the start of Mr. Charles Johnson's
ice of the same name." (2) A farce in
n acts, by Charles Johnson, first acted
J Drury Lane on February 3, 1716. See Sly
;t.
:!obler of Q,ueenhithe (The). A
J y in tlie repertory of the Rose Theatre,
< a 1598.
Jobwebs. A comedy in three acts, by
<,\iu,Es Wills {q.v.), first performed at
t' Vaudeville Theatre, London, on March
5<1880,with T. Thorne as Joe Billiter, David
Jines as Smallrib, and II, Howe, W.
I:bert, C. W. Garthorne, Lin Rayne, Miss
(idichards. Miss Kate liishop, Miss Miirie
Xngton, and Miss Sophie Larkin in other
Its.
ock Robin and Jenny Wren. An
ejrtainment in one act, libretto by I\L C.
CxiNGTON, music by Florian Pascal ;
F'alty Theatre, London, December 12, 1891.
Jockburn, Catherine [n^e Trotter].
Imatic and miscellaneous writer, born
1^, died 1749 ; daughter of a naval officer ;
H'Tied in 1708 the Rev. Patrick Cockburn.
S! wrote the following plays :— ' Agnes de
Ccro' (1695), 'The Fatal Friendship '(1698),
Jve at a Loss ' and ' The Unhappy Peni-
t(|.' (both printed in 1701), and 'The Re-
Htions of Sweden ' (1706). See the Life
h^r. Birch, prefixed to the edition of her
n-ks (1751) ; also, the ' Biographica Dra-
wica' and Genest's 'English Stage.'
^ ocke. The 'prentice-boy in Still's
'mmer Gurton's Needle' {q.v.).
3ckle-d.e-nioy. A play performed in
ij before the Palatinate and the Lady
J-abeth, by the latter's "men;" "un-
<l'ptedly Marston's ' Dutch Courtesan,' "
sa! Fleay.
5ckle, John. The miller in DoDS-
^ ^ ' King and the Miller of Mansfield.'
Cockles. A pieman in Bridgeman's
' I've Eaten my Friend' {q.v.).
Cockletop. The name of characters in
' Modern Antiques' {q.v.) and 'The Turn-
pike Gate ' {q.v.).
Cockney, Watty, in ' The Romp ' {q.v.).
Cockpit Theatre. See London The-
atres [Drury LaneJ.
Cocorico; or, The Hen with the
Golden Egg-s. A pantomime bv C. H.
Hazlewood, Britannia Theatre, London,
December 26, 1873.
Cocquelicot. A servant in Audran's
' Olivette ' {q.v.).
Cocu Imag-inaire (Le). See Imagi-
nary Cuckold, The.
C. O. D. A play by F. G. Maeder and
J. R. Eraser, performed at Stamford, Con-
necticut, in May, 1887.
Coddle, Mr., in ' Married Life' {q.v.).
Coddlelove, Dr. and Mrs., in Simp-
son and Wray's 'Ranelagh.'
Code des Femmes (Le). See Law
Foii Ladies.
Codg-er. Uncle of Horace in O'Keefe's
' Beggar on Horseback ' {q.v.).
Codring-ton, Robert (bom 1601, died
1665), translated into English G. Ruggle's
comedy in Latin, ' Ignoramus ' (1662).
Codshead, Sir Cardus and Harry.
Characters in D'Urfey's ' Bath' {q.v.).
Coe. Actor ; long employed at the Hay-
market Theatre ; M'as in the original casts
of ' The New Haymarket Spring Meeting '
(1855), ' Love's ilartyrdom ' (1855), ' The
Beginning of the End'(i855), 'The Butter-
fly's Ball' (1856), 'The Sleeping Beauty'
(1858), Burnand's 'Venus and Adonis'
(1864), etc.
Coelo and Olympo. See Golden
Age, The.
Ccelum Britannicum. A masque by
Thomas Carew, " written at the particular
command of the King, and performed by
His Majesty and the nobles, at the Banquet-
ing-house at Whitehall," on February 18,
1633. It was printed in 1634. The music
was by H. Lawes.
Coercion. A farcical comedy in three
acts, by W. H. Denny and Thomas Burn-
side, first performed at the Gaiety Theatre,
November 17, 1886 ; played in the provinces
in the following year, Avith a cast including
W. H. Denny, F. Emery, Mrs. Hudson
Kirby, and Mrs. H. Leigh.
Coenr de Lion, Revised, and his
Enemies Corrected. A ' Talismanic
Burlesque,' in six scenes, 'exploring obscure
Passages and Blind Alleys of English His-
tory,' by John Strachan, first performed
at the Strand Theatre, London, on Decem-
ber 22, 1870, with E. Terry as Coeur de Lion
(Richard I.), ]Miss Fanny 'Hughes as Queen
COFFEE-HOUSE
COGHLAN
Berengaria, Miss Amy Sheridan as Prince
John, ISIiss Kate Santley as Sir Kenneth,
Miss Bella Goodall as Saladin, Miss Rose
Cullen as Philip of France, J. Wallace as
Robin Hood, Miss Jenny Lee as Bloyidel
de Nestle, Harry Paulton as Leopold Hans
Breitmann, and H. J. Turner as Baron Fitz-
gun. (2) ' Cceur de Lion ; or. The Maid
of Judah : ' a drama by Charles CooivE,
Victoria Theatre, London, September 4,
1876. See Richard Cceur de Lion.
Coffee-House (The). A comedy by the
Rev. James Miller {q.v.), acted at Drury
Lane on January 26, 1738, with Theophilus
Gibber as himself, and other characters by
Macklin, Havard, Mrs. Clive, etc. In the
prologue Gibber was made to say of the
author—
, " The cruel elf
Makes me, like monks in Lent, to scourge myself."
Among the personoe were a widow (mistress
of the coffee-house) and her daughter ; and
"the Gentlemen of the Temple," assuming
these to be drawn direct from a widow
and her daughter who actually did keep a
coffee-house at Temple-bar, chose to be
offended thereat, and caused the comedy to
be "damned." Miller, however, in the
preface to the play when printed, protested
that the two women figured in the French
piece of which his was only an adaptation.
Coffee-House Politician (The) ; or,
The Justice caught in his own
Trap. A comedy by Henry Fielding
iq.v.), performed at " the Little Theatre in
the Haymarket," and afterwards at Lincoln's
Inn Fields (in December, 1730), with Chap-
man as Politick (the politician), Hippisley
as Squeezvm (the justice), and other parts by
Walker, Milward (^Constant), Macklin (q.v.),
Mrs. Younger (Hilaret), Mrs. Bullock {Mrs.
Squeezum), Mrs. Boheme, etc. Squeezum
has immoral designs on Hilaret (daughter
of Politick), and secures the arrest of Con-
stant, her fiance. Constant being released,
Squeezum then accuses Hilaret of conspiring
against him. Mrs. Squeezum, however, is
able in the end to expose his villany. See
Adventures of a Night and Uphol-
sterer.
Coffey, Charles. Dramatic writer, died
1745 ; author of the following pieces (mainly
adaptations) : — ' Southwark Fair ' (1729),
'The Beggar's Wedding' (1729, afterwards
• Phcebe '), ' The Female Parson' (1730), ' The
Devil to Pay' (with J. Mottley, 1731), 'A
Wife and No Wife ' (1732), ' The Boarding
School ' (1733), ' The Merry Cobler ; or, The
Second Part of The Devil to Pay ' (1735), and
'The Devil on Two Sticks ' (1744). Coffey,
who was deformed, once appeared at Dublin,
for his own benefit, as JEsop. See ' Bio-
graphiaDramatica' (1812), Genest's ' English
Stage ' (1832).
Coffin, C. Hayden. Vocalist and
actor ; made his professional debut at the
Empire Theatre, London, in 1SS5, as Cosmo
in ' The Lady of the Locket ' (q.v.). He has
since been the original representative of the
following characters -.—Harry Sherwood in
• Dorothy ' (1886), Sir Philip Carey in ' Doris '
(1839), Sir Harry Leighton in 'The Red
Hussar ' (1889), Ralph, Earl of Chartermere.
in ' Marjorie' (1890), Vicomte Tanerhde de la
Touche in ' Captain Th^rfese ' (1890), Robert
Earl of Huntingdon.in 'Maid Marian' (1891)
Charles Goldfield in 'A Gaiety Girl' (1893)
Rudolph Blair in ' An Artist's Model' (1895)
Reginald Fairfax in 'The Geisha' (1896)
Diomed in ' A Greek Slave ' (1898), Captair
Preston in ' San Toy' (1899), Geoffrey Chal
loner in 'A Country Girl' (1902), Joh
Ridd in ' Lorna Doone ' (1903), and Ham
Vereker in 'The Cingalee' (1904). He ha
also been seen in London as Celadon ii
Dryden's 'Secret Love' (Court Theatre
1886), Hume in White's 'King o' the Con'
nions' (1886), Frank Annerley in ' Th
Favourite of Fortune' (Terry's Theatrt
18S7), Vincent Knapps (and, afterward;
Franz de Bernheim) in 'La Gigale' (Lvri
Theatre, 1891), Peter Paul Rolleston in 'Mi-
Decima' (Prince of Wales's Theatre, 1891),et
Coffin, Emily. Playwright ; author <
•My Jack' (1887), 'Run Wild' (1888), 'N:
Credit' (1892).
Coffin, Long- Tom. The hero (
adaptations of ' The Pilot' (q.v.).
Cog-hlan, Charles F. Actor, died 189'
after some experience in the English pr
vinces, was in the original cast of To
Taylor's ' Sense and Sensation ' at tl
Olympic Theatre, London, in 1864. 0th
original parts sustained by him in LonJi
include Sir Oscar in Westland Marstoi
' Life for Life ' (1869), Count Carnioli in '
Simpson's 'Syren' (1869), Chudleigh Dui.
combe in ' M.P.' (1870), Stephen and Mart
Iredell in Sir G. Young's ' Shadows ' (187
Geoffrey Delamayn in ' Man and Wi)
(1873), Harry Spreadbrow in ' Sweetheart
(1874), Edward Trenthamva Byron's ' Cou
ship ' (1879), John Stratton in ' The Old Lc
and the New' (1879), Corrado in 'A Ni'
Trial' (1880), Wootweell W. Woodd in "I
Colonel ' (1881), Captain Darleigh in ' Co;
rades' (1882), Richard Darvell in 'Enemit
(1886). Colonel Pearce in 'Lady Barter' (18^
and Captain Crozier in ' A Woman's Beasi'
(1895). Charles Coghlan was seen at 1'
Olympic Theatre, London, in June, 1865,
Duke Orsino in 'Twelfth Night.' At •'
Lyceum in 1869-70 he played Capt>^
Hawksley in ' Still Waters Run Deep,' '\
Francis Bacon in Giacometti's 'Elizabe.
Queen of England' (q.v.), and Dr. Sev^
in 'Chilperic' ('j.t;.). At the Prince.;;
Wales's Theatre he undertook, in reviv;..
the following roles:— An' i us M'Alisteri
'Ours' (1870), George D'Alroy in 'Gas
(1871), Alfred Evelijn in 'Money' (IS.
Charles Surface (1874), Shylock (1875), \
Sir Charles Pomander in 'Masks and Fa(
(1875). At the Princess's in 1875 he appes 1
as Claude Melnotte ; at the Court in 187 3
the Marquis dcs Arcis in ' Fernande' (?.iJ
at the Haymarket in 1883 as Boris Ipa f
in 'Fedora' (q.v.); at the Prince's in ^
as the Prince de Birac in 'La Prmc e
COGHLAN
COLEMAN
eorges' (q.v-), and Caxitain Bradford in
'Peril' (?.y.); ^^ the Princess's in 1890 as
intony in ' Antony and Cleopatra ; ' and
. the Lyceum in 1895 as Mercutio. His
■st appearance in America was made at
e Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York, in
jptember, 1876, as Evelyn in ' Money.'
(■cm 1891 to his death his public appear-
iices were confined to the United States.
8 was the author of the following (and
her) plays, some original and some
apted :— ' As Good as Gold' (1869), 'Lady
era' (1875), 'A Quiet Rubber' (1876),
Jrothers' (1876), 'Good Fortune' (1880),
. New Trial' (1880), 'For Life' (1880),
Inemies' (1886), 'Lady Barter' (1891),
ladame' (1896), 'The Royal Box '(1897),
d ' Citizen Pierre ' (1899). He also sup-
ed the final act of Lord Lytton's un-
iished play, ' Tlie House of Darnley '
«77). See Scribner's Magazine, vol. 17.
pog-lilan, Kose. Actress, born 1852;
•ier some experience in Scotland, played
ichard II. in Sala's 'Wat Tyler' at the
iiety, London, in 1869, and Charles II.
(Arden's 'Nell Gwynne' at the Royalty
^1 1871. Her American debut was made
iWallack's Theatre, New York, on Sep-
Tober 2, 1872. In 1875 she was again in
jndon, appearing at tlie Mirror Theatre as
i first representative of the heroine of
<(enford and Wigan's 'Self (^.r.), and as
1; original Zirtf/y Marsden in Simpson and
.rivale's 'All for Her' (q.v.). In 1876 she
Jired at the Adelphi as Claire F/olUott
i'The Shaughraun' (q.v.). Since then
H has played a long series of leading
its in America.
Jogia figures in the various dramatiza-
•tis of the story of 'The Forty Thieves'
loincide, Count. The Prime Minister
j Blanche's ' White Cat ' (q.v.).
Joitier. The king's physician in the
vious adaptations of ' Louis XI.'
■lokain (or Cokayne), Sir Aston.
I^matic and miscellaneous writer, born
lj3, died 1684 ; member of an old Derby-
•8i:e family; author of 'The Obstinate
I^y' (printed separately in 1659), 'Trap-
Pin Creduto Principe ; or, Trappolin Sup-
ped a Prince ' (printed 1659), ' A Masque
tlsented at Brethie ' (1658), ' The Tragedy
o Ovid '—all included in the author's
'■ems and Comedies' (1662). Cokain's
* ,amatic Works' were edited by J. Maid-
njit and W. H. Logan, with prefatory
«looir and notes, in 1874. See, also, the
' jckayne Memoranda.' " Cockayne's
qtkness in the appropriation of other
dnatists' ideas is undeniable, and, to-
gaer with his fluency, makes up the sum
o: is merits as a play wVight " (A. W. Ward).
oke, Littleton and Tom, in Bouci-
C/LT's 'Old Heads and Young Hearts'
okes, Bartholomew. An esquire of
u row in Jonson's ' Bartholomew Fair.'
Colas, Stella, a French actress, made
her first appearance in England at the
Princess's Theatre, London, in June, 1863,
when she played Juliet in English. " She
is very pretty," wrote G. H. Lewes, "and
has a powerful voice ; but her performance
of Juliet is wholly without distinction.
During the first two acts one recognises
a well-taught pupil, whose byplay is very
good, and whose youth and beauty make a
pleasant scenic illusion. The balcony scene,
though not at all representing Shakspeare's
Juliet, was a pretty and very effective bit
of acting. It was mechanical, but skilful
too. It assured me that she was not an
actress of any spontaneity ; but it led me
to hope more from the subsequent scenes
than she did effect. Indeed, as the play
advanced, my opinion of her powers sank.
No sooner were the stronger emotions to be
expressed than the mediocrity and conven-
tionalism became more salient" ('Actors
and the Art of Acting '). Mdlle. Colas
returned to London in the following year,
and reappeared as Juliet, Henry Morley
declaring that she had come back "not
quite so bad as she was," but that "this
Juliet is still abominable." In June, 1864,
Mdlle. Colas was seen at the Princess's as
Donna Florinda and Pe^^^o in 'The Monas-
tory of St. Just' (q.v.), and Morley then
wrote of her: "She is obtrusively self-
conscious, showy, jerky, artificial as a
puppet. ... To name Mdlle. Colas in the
same line with Mrs. Hermann Vezin would be
preposterous enough ; but she simply is not
an actre.ss at all in the sense in which an
English Helen Faucit or an Italian Ristori
is an actress " (' Journal of a London Play-
goer").
Colchicum, Dr. A character in G. R.
SiMs'S ' Gulden Ring ' (q.v.)
"Cold's tlie wind, and wet's the
rain." First line of a song in Dekker
and Wilson's ' Shoemaker's Holiday '
(q.v.y—
" 111 is the weather that bringeth no gain,
Nor helps good hearts in need."
Coldstream, Lady Catherine, is a
character in Foote's ' Maid of Bath ' (q.v.).
(2) Sir Charles Coldstream is the hlasd hero
of ' Used Up ' (q.v.).
Cole, Blanche. Vocalist and actress ;
made her metropolitan debut at the Crystal
Palace on May 31, 1869, as Amina in 'La
Sonnarabula.' Her sister, Emmelixe Cole,
vocalist and actress also, was in the original
casts of 'The Gentleman in Black' (1870),
Arden's ' Nell Gwynne ' (1871), E. L, Blan-
chard's ' Cinderella ' (1874-5), etc.
Cole, John William. See Calcraft,
J. W.
Cole, Mrs., in Foote's 'Minor,' is in-
tended fur jNIrs. Douglass, a notorious
woman of the time and town (died 1671).
Coleman, Fanny. Actress ; made her
professional dtf'&H« at the Haymarket in 1857.
In addition to much work in the provinces.
COLEMAN
COLIN
she has been the original representative of |
Mrs. Howard in 'False Shame" (1880), the
Canoness in 'Lurette' (1883), the I^owager |
Lady Osterley in 'The Candidate (1884),
Lady Mandolin in « Ariane (1888), Miss
Meakin in ' Forgiveness ' (1891), the Duchess
t,t Rprwick in 'Lady Windermere s Ian
(isl). Cm/er in ' Liberty Hali; (1892). ^frs.
Voodti^e in 'The Transgressor (1894), Lady
Darby in 'The Case of Rebelhousj5Usan
n 894), Mrs. Coleman in ' The Passport (189o).
Madayne Zaton in ' Under the Red Robe
(1896), the Countess ofOwbridge in The Lray
Lord Quex' (1899). etc. She has also been
seen in London as Sally Brass m 'The Old
Curiosity Shop' (1884), ^Irs. Boyle Chewton
in ' The Weaker Sex ' (1889), Lady Pettigrew
in ' The Parvenu' (1891), Mrs. Cross m The
Idler ' (1891), Mrs. Carruthers in Dick Hal-
ward' (1895). etc. Her repertory includes
old Lady Lambert ('The Hypocrite ),Mis.
Heidelburg, Mrs. Hardcastle, Mrs. Candour,
Mrs. Malaprop, the Marquise in ^aste.
Lady Shendryn in ' Ours,' Mrs. Sutchjfe in
'School,' and many other characters xn
standard comedy.
Coleman, John.. Actor, theatrical
m^^nager. and dramatic writer; ^o^n 1831,
died 1904 : began life as apprentice, to an
architect, but entered the histrionic pio-
fes^ion at fifteen years of age. His first
appearance was made at the Standard
Theatre, London, as Romaldi in Holcroft s
' Tale of Mystery.' After this came engage-
ments at various provincial centres, e.i^—
Leicester (with William Robertson, father
of the dramatist), Glasgow (^ith Jhe
"wizard" Anderson and D. P. MUler),
Edinburgh (with Murray), Dundee (where
he played Romeo), Liverpool (as leading
man"), and Bristol, where when only
nineteen, he played "seconds to ^\. C.
Macready. At twenty-one he went to Shef-
field to "star" (opening as Julien bt.
Pierre in ' The Wife '), and in the following
season was manager of the Theatre Royal
there. He was for many years lessee ot
the theatres on the great Northern Circuit,
where he produced, for the first time on
any stage, Charles Reade's ' Never too Late
to Mend,' 'Foul Play,' and 'Put yourself
in his Place,' Tom .Taylor's \ Arkwright s
Wife' etc. During this period he built
the Theatre Royal, Leeds, subsequently
destroyed by fire. In 1876 he became lessee
of the Queen's Theatre, London, where, in
September of that year, he produced his
adaptation of Shakespeare's 'Henry V-
(a v.), playing the title part to Phelps s
Henry IV. He afterwards " starred in the
country as Henry F. and in other parts.
In April, 1882, he (as lessee) opened the
Olympic Theatre, London, with 'The Shadow
of" the Sword' (q.v.), adapted by Robert
Buchanan and himself from the former s
romance so named, John Coleman playing
Rohan. In 1886 he appeared at Liverpool,
Birmingham, etc, in the principal part of
his own drama called 'Wedded, not AMved
(a V ) In the autumn of 1896 he was lessee
of Drury Lane Theatre, where he brought
out 'The Duchess of Coolgardie' (c.r.) am
•The Kiss of Delilah' (q.v.), written b
himself and J. Chute. He was the autho
of ' A Family Secret.' ' The Grey Friar :
' The Silent Witness,' ' The Soggarth Aroon ■
and ' Two Maids and a :Man ; ' also of the fol
lowing adaptations :— ' The Robbers ' (froi
Schiller), 'Valjean' (from Hugo), «Th.
Three Musketeers,' 'Monte Cristo,' an.
'Catherine Howard' (from Dumas 2)kre>
' Three Red Men ' (from Feval), ' Belphegoi
(from Dennery), 'The Iron Master,' 'Th
Fortune Teller,' and 'Nimrod' (also froi
the French), ' Slavery ' (from ' Uncle Tom
Cabin'), 'Marina' (from 'Mr. Barnes v
New Yoi;k'), 'The Will and the Way,' an^
• Woman and her Master ' (from the nove'.
so named). He wrote, in addition, fov;
plavs with C. A. Clarke {q.v.), three wit-
Charles Reade (q.v.), two with Charles Ca;
vert (q v.), two with Robert Buchanan (q.v.
one ('A Brother's Love') with Chark,
Swain, one (' Dred ') with Fred Phillips, or;
('Marie de Rudenz') with Sidney Davi,
and one (' Our Bonnie Prince ') with Jol;
Chute. Among John Coleman's pubhc;
tions were 'A Memoir of Samuel Phelp;
(1886), 'Plavers and Playwrights I ha*!
Known' (1888), 'The Truth about "Ti;
Dead Heart'" (1890), 'Charles Reade ;,
I knew Him ' (1903), ' Fifty Years of f;
Actor's Life' (1904), 'Curly: an Actoi;
Story,' ' The Rival Queens : a Story of tlj
Modern Stage,' and 'The ^\hlte bad.
of Rosemount: a Story of the Mode'
Stage.' '•
Colepepper, Mr. Commissionej
in TOM Taylor's ' Overland Route (q.v.).\^
Coleridge, Samuel Taylor (be!
October, 1772, died July, 18S4), besic
turning Schiller's 'Piccolomim and Dea:
of Wallenstein' into English verse (ISC'
was the author of ' Remorse (q.v.), i
tragedy in verse (printed and performed :
1813), and of ' Zapolya ' (?-«-)'.aplay (prin<i
in 1817) ; also, part-author, with Southey,
' The Fall of Robespierre ' (q.v.). Discuss
' Remorse,' Hazlitt said of the author :
is a florid poet, and an ingenious metap
sician, who mistakes scholastic speculatK
for the intricate windings of the passio
and assigns possible i^easons instead of act
motives for the excesses of his cliaractc
He gives us studied special pleadings
involuntary bursts of feeling,, and the nel-
less strain of tinkling sentiments for '
point-blank language of nature. His Jl
morse' is a spurious tragedy. Colendii
' Notes and Lectures upon Shakespeare
Some of the Old Dramatists appearet
1849, and again, edited by Ashe in Ltj
See J. Dykes Campbell's memoir of Coleri*
(1894). See, also, OsORio. |
Colette. An orphan in C HazleW0(^
' House on the Bridge ' (3. v.). '■
Coliche. See Printer's Devil.
Colin. (I) AcharacterinJ.O'KEE]
'The Irish Mimic' (q.v.); (2) the lovei
•I
COLINETTE
COLLIER
Blondinette in L. BUCKINGHAM'S 'Little
Red Riding Hood' {q.v.).
Collnette. A play adapted by H. Guy
Carleton from the French, and performed
tn America with Miss Julia Marlowe in the
iitle part.
Collaborators, The. A "dramatic
oke" in one act, by C. Haddon Chambers,
irst performed at the Vaudeville Theatre,
London, on January 7, 1892.
Collars and Cuffs. A musical farcical
;omedy, by Henri R. French, Theatre
ioyal, Birkenhead, November 30, 18S3.
Colleen Bawn (The). A play by
)I0N BouciCAULxCry.r.), founded on GriflBn's
lovel of 'The Collegians' (g.u.) ; originally
,)roduced at New York in December, 1859,
li,nd first performed in London at the Adelphi
Etieatre, September 10, 1860, with the author
U Mijles na Coppaleen, J. Billington as
lardress Cregan, Mrs. Billington as Mrs.
'Jregan, Miss Agnes Robertson (Mrs. Bouci-
ault) as £ily O'Connor, Mrs. Alfred Mellon
Miss Woolgar) as Anne Chute, E. Falconer
,s Danny Mann, and David Fisher as Kijrle
laly. The play was performed for three
lundred and sixty nights consecutively—
,t that time "one of the longest runs on
ecord." "When I wrote 'The Colleen
Jawn,'" says the author, "I invented the
rish drama. It was original in form, in
aaterial, in treatment, and in dialogue."
lenry Morley wrote of it that "it owes
Quch to the genius of Gerald Griffin, who
ontrived the story, and must to the con-
tructive tact of the dramatist, in whose
lands every situation is effective, and from
/hom every phrase tells upon the audi-
nce." The play was revived at the Adelphi
1 November, 1864, M'ith Collins as Myles,
L Phillips as Danny Mann, Miss Henrietta
ims as Eily, .Mrs. A. Mellon as Anne; at
be Gaiety in May, 1872, with the Bouci-
aults, W." R gnold, and Miss Lydia Foote ;
it the Adelphi in 1876, with W. Terriss
Is Hardress, J G. Shore as KyrU, S.
Imery as Danny, J C. 'Williamson as
lyles, ]\Irs. A. Mellon as Mm. Cregan,
liss Hudspeth as Anne, ]Miss Cicely Nott as
heelah, and Miss INIaggie Moore as Eily ;
t the Adelphi and Drury Lane in 1877 ; at
le Duke's in January, 1879 ; at the Phil-
harmonic in 1883 A burlesque of the piece,
Qtitlerl ' The Colleen Bawn settled at Last,'
ad -WTitten (in one act) by W. Brough and
. Halliday, was produced at the Lyceum
heatre, London, on July 5, 1862, with Miss
yilia Thompson as Mrs. Hardress Cregan
'^ily O'Connor), Miss Laidlaw as Mrs. Kyrle
'aly {Anne Chute), C. Selby as Lord Dun-
rear y{oi the period), etc. H. J.Byron wTote
burlesque on the subject entitled ' Miss
l^ily O'Connor' iq.v.), and W. F. Florence
froduced a travesty of the play in America,
ee Eily O'Connor.
Colleen Bawn settled at
Che). See Colleen Bawn, The.
Colleg-e Boys. See Our Boys.
Last
Colleg-ians (The). This story by
Gerald Griffin was dramatized so early as
1831, when a play on the subject was
brought out at the New City Theatre, Grub
(now Milton) Street, London, with Miss EUen
Tree as Eily O'Connor. See Colleen Bawn
and Eily O'Connor.
CoUette, Charles. Actor, born 1842 ;
had much practice as an amateur while
holding a commission in the 3rd Dragoon
Guards C1861-68). His professional debut
was made in December, 1868, when he was
the original Charles Hampton in ' Tame
Cats'(g.v.)at the Prince of Wales's. London.
During his engagement at that theatre he
was the first Mr. Bran in Robertson's ' M.P.'
(1870) and the original Mr. Moy in ' Man and
Wife' (1873). He was also seen there, in
revivals, as Sergeant Jones in ' Ours ' (1870),
' Dr. Sutclife in ' School' (1873), Sir Oliver in
' The School for Scandal ' (1S74), the Duke
in ' The Merchant of Venice ' (1)574), and Sir
John Vesey in ' Money ' (1875), etc. Since
then, he has been the first representative of
O'Brien in Reece's ' A National Question '
(1878), Private Saunders in ' Bootle's Baby '
(1888), Patricho in Mdme. Wolf's ' Carina '
(18S8), Uncle Leonidas in 'The Landlady'
(1889), Picolet in ' A Man's Shadow' (1889),.
Peter Parley in Storer's 'Gretna Green'
1890), George Slab in ' The New Wing ' (1890),
Pedro Guzman in Searelle's 'Black Rover'
(1890), etc. Among other roles undertaken
by him in London are the chief characters
in Maltby's 'Bounce,' and in his own farce
' Cryptoconchoidsyphonostomata ' (Opera
Comique, 1S76), Puffin ' The Critic ' (Gaiety,
1877), Sir B. de Bois Gxdlbert in 'Isaac of
York' (Globe, 1877), Bishoj)riggs in 'Man
and Wife' (Haymarket, 18b7), Autolycus in
' The Winter's Tale ' (Lyceum, 1887), and
2ficoti7ie in Parry's ' Cigarette ' (Lyric, 1892).
In the English provinces he has made many
appearances as Wootwecll W. Woodd in 'The
Colonel ' (q.i\), and as Sir Patrick Lundie
in ' Man and Wife ' (g.v.). In addition to the
farce above named he is the author of a
dramatic piece called 'W^hile it's to be Had'
(1874).
Collette, Mary. Actress ; daughter of
Charles Collette {q.v.) ; was in the original
cists of ' Tares ' (1889), ' A Fool's Paradise'
(1889), Buchanan's 'Clarissa' (1890), 'Miss
Tomboy ' (1890), ' A Riverside Story ' (1890),
' The Honourable Herbert ' (1891), etc. See
Cousin's Courtship.
Collier de la Heine (The). See
Queen's Necklace.
Collier, Constance. Actress ; figured
in the original casts of 'One Summer's
Day' (1SS7). 'The Cuckoo' (1«99), 'The
Ghetto ' (1899), 'Sweet Nell of Old Drury'
(1900), 'When we were Twenty-one' (1!»01),
'Ulvsses' (1902), 'The Eternal City' i^Boma,
1902), etc.
Collier, Harry, in Buckstone's ' Good
for Nothing ' (q.v.).
Collier, Jeremy. Nonjuring bishop
and controversialist, born 1650, died 1726 ;
COLLIER
312
COLMAN
ceding his rights to a limited company, of
which he is managing director.
Collins, John. Actor and entertainer,
born at Bath, where he first appeared in
public. In 1764 he figured at Dublin as
Young Mirabel, and later he was seen at
Covent Garden as Cajjtain Plume. He was,
however, best known and appreciated as
the giver of an anecdotic and musical enter-
tainment, which was universally popular,
and in 1791-2 attracted large audiences
to the Lyceum, London, during a season of
fifty-two nights. Collins has a place in
literature as the author of lyrics which have
found their way into Palgrave's ' Golden
Treasury ' and Locker's ' Lyra Elegan-
tiarum.'
Collins, liOttie. Actress, vocalist, and
dancer ; after much pantomime experience,
appeared at the Gaiety Theatre, London, in
1886, in the original production of ' Monte
Cristo, Jun.' {q.v.). She afterwards sang
' Ta-ra-ra Boom-de-ay' in pantomime at the
Grand Theatre, Islington (1891-2), and at
the Gaiety Theatre in ' Cinder-Ellen' (q.v.). ,
She was in the original cast of 'The White
Blackbird' (1898), and has been seen in
America in ' The Circus-Rider' (q.v.).
Collins, Mabel. See Modern Htpa-
TIA, A.
Collins, William Wilkie. Novelist
and dramatist, born January, 1824 ; died
September, 1889 ; was the author of the
following dramatic pieces : — ' The Light-
house' (1857), 'The Frozen Deep' (1857),
'The Red Vial' (1858), 'No Thoroughfare'
(with Charles Dickens, 1867), 'Black and
White' (with Charles Fechter, 1869), 'The
W^oman in White ' (1871), ' The New Mag-
dalen' (1873), ' Man and Wife' (1873), 'Miss
Gwilt ' (1876), 'The Moonstone '(1877), 'Rank
and Riches' (1883), and 'The Evil Genius'
(1885). See accounts of these plays under
their respective titles. See, also, No Name.
Collins was an amateur actor, and in that
character appeared with Dickens, Mark
Lemon, etc., at Manchester, for charitable
purposes, in 'Used Up,' 'Charles XII.,
and ' Mr. Nightingale's Diary ' (September
1852), and in ' The Frozen Deep ' and ' UncU'
John' (August, 1857). In his 'Nights ai
the Play' (1883) Dutton Cook says : "It i:
perhaps a defect in Mr. Collins's art, whei
it comes to be applied to the pui-pose:
of the stage, that it leaves nothing to tb
imagination of the audience ; every inciden
in the story is formally set forth and full;
proved, as it were, upon oath, like evident
in a court of justice ; each link in the chaii
of events is duly forged, welded, and per
fected."
Colman, Georg-e. Dramatic writer
born at Florence, 1732; son of Franci
Colman, diplomatist, by Mrs. Pulteney (
sister of the Countess of Bath); educate,
at Westminster School and Christ Church
Oxford ; afterwards a student at Lincoln'
Inn, and duly called to the bar in 1755. H
speedily turned, however, to the stage, au
published in 169S ' A Short View of the Im-
morality and Profaneness of the English
Stage,' an account of which, and of the
controversy to which it gave rise, together
Avith Collier's reply to his critics, will be
found elsewhere in this volume, under the
head of Stage, The English. See Gib-
ber's ' Apology,' Genest's ' English Stage,'
Macaulay's ' Essays,' Gosse's ' Life of Con-
greve,' etc.
Collier, John Payne. Miscellaneous
writer, born 1789. died 1883 ; was the author
of a 'History of English Dramatic Poetry
and Annals of the Stage' (1831 and 1875),
' Memoir of E Alleyn ' (1841), and ' Notes
and Emendations to the Plays of Shake-
speare ' (1852). This work was based upon
the marginal corrections which Collier pro-
fessed to have found in a copy of the Shake-
speare folio of 1652, described by him as
belonging to one Perkins. Considerable
controversy followed, and it is now almost
universally believed that the Perkins
"emendations" were forgeries. Collier
edited Dodsley's 'Old Plays,' to which he
added six (1825-7), ' Five Old Plays ' (1833),
Bale's ' Kynge Johan ' (1838), Shakespeare's
Plays (1842-4), 'The Alleyn Papers' (1843),
' Shakespeare's Library ' (1844), ' The Diary
of P. Henslowe ' (1845), ' The Dramatic
Works of T. Hey wood ' (1850-1), ' Five Old
Plays' (1851), Shakespeare's Plays in one
volume (embodying the Perkins corrections,
1853), and Shakespeare's Plays in eight
volumes (1875-8). See Wheatley's ' Notes
on the Life of John Payne Collier ' (18S4).
Collier, William. Dramatic writer;
author of 'Abduction' (qv.), 'Is She a
Woman?' 'Kate Kearney,' 'The Queen's
Jewel.'
Collier (The). A play performed at
Court in December, 1576, by the Lord
Leicester's men; " possiblv Ful well's play
of ' Like will to Like ' [q.v.] '' ( W. C. Hazlitt).
Collier's Daug'hter(The). A drama
bv H. BoswoRTH, Prince of Wales's Theatre,
Wolverhampton, September 29, 1873.—' The
Collier's Wife ; or. The Dark Deeds of a
Coal Pit : ' a drama by H. Beverley, Royal
Colosseum Theatre, Liverpool, May 17, 1869.
Colling-ham, Georg-e C. See Pil-
grim's Progress, The.
Collins. Actor; made his London df??>?<i
at Drury Lane in October, 1802, as Jabal in
'The Jew' and Rohin Rough-head in 'For-
tune's Frolic' He played at this theatre
for a few seasons, and died in 1806.
Collins, Arthur. Theatrical manager ;
began his career as scene-painter and pro-
perty-modeller at Drury Lane Theatre ;
next had some experience of acting ; was
appointed by Sir Augustus Harris manager
of the Grand Theatre, Glasgow, and, later,
returned to London to stage-manage drama
and pantomime at Drury Lane and grand
opera at Covent Garden. In March, 1897,
he became lessee of Drury Lane, afterwards
COLMAN
313
COLONEL
lis first dramatic piece was produced in
760. He was the recipient in 1764 of a
3gacy from Lord Bath, and in 1767 of a
imilar bequest from his mother. In the
ast-named year he became one of the pro-
irietors of Covent Garden Theatre, with
i^hich he remained associated (as manager
,lso) till 1774. In 1776 he bought from
•^oote the "Little Theatre in the Hay-
narket." Of this he was director until 1789,
yhen he showed symptoms of mental decay,
nd was succeeded by his son, George Col-
aan, jun. {q.v.). He died at Paddington in
794. He was the author of the following
ilays:—' Polly Honeycomb' (1760), 'The
ealous Wife' (1761), 'The Musical Lady'
1762), ' The Deuce is in Him ' (1763), ' The
Clandestine Marriage ' (with (Jarriok, 1766),
The English Merchant' (1767), 'The Ox-
mian in Town' (1767), 'Man and Wife'
1769), 'The Portrait' (1770), 'The Fairy
Mnce ' (1771), ' The Man of Business ' (1774),
The Spleen' (1776), 'New Brooms ' (1776),
The Spanish Barber' (1777), ' The Suicide '
1778), ' The Separate Maintenance ' (1779),
The Manager in Distress ' (1780), ' The
Jenius of Nonsense' (17S0), 'Harlequin
>ague ' (1782), ' The Election of Managers'
1784), and ' Ut Pictura Poesis ' (1789).
/olman produced, further, adaptations of
; King Lear,' • A Midsummer Night's
)ream,' 'The Winter's Tale', Jonson's
Epictene ' and ' Oberon,' ' Philaster,' * Co-
Qus,' Gay's 'Achilles' and 'Polly,' 'The
Artful Husband,' 'The Mutual Deception,'
Bonduca,' and ' The Fatal Curiosity '—all
if which see. His translation of the come-
lies of Terence into blank verse appeared
n 1765, and his version of ' The Merchant '
if Plautus in 1767 ; he also wrote prefaces
or editions of Beaumont and Fletcher (1778)
-nd of Massinger. His ' Dramatic Works '
appeared in 1777, his 'Prose on Several
)ccasions' in 1787. For biography, see
^cake's 'Memoirs of the Colraan Family'
1841), 'Some Particulars of the Life of
Jeorge Colman ' (1795), the ' Biographia
)ramatica' (1812), Genest's • English Stage.'
Colman, Georgre, Junior. Dramatic
mter, born 1762, died 1836 ; son of George
dolman {q.v.); educated at Westminster
school, Christ Church, Oxford, and King's
college, Aberdeen ; and intended originally
or the bar. Like his father, however, he
levoted his abilities to the stage, becoming
nanagerof the Little Theatre in the Hay-
narket(as stated above) in 1789, and having
.he patent transferred to him (through royal
uyour) on the death of his father {q.v.).
lis connection with the Haymarket ceased
n 1820, and in January, 1824, he Avas ap-
pointed Examiner of Plays, a post which he
leld till his death. He is said to have been
narried secretly to IMrs. Gibbs, the actress
q.v.). The following is a list of his dra-
matic pieces :— ' The Female Dramatist '
1782), 'Two to One' (1784), 'Turk and No
rurk' (1785), 'Inkle and Yarico' (1787),
■Ways and Means' (1788), 'The Battle of
Hexham' (1789), 'The Surrender of Calais'
1791), ' Poor Old Haymarket ' (1792), ' The
Mountaineers' (1793), ' New Hay at the Old
Market' (afterwards known as 'Sylvester
Daggerwood,' 1795), 'The Iron Chest'
(1796), 'The Heir at Law' (1797), 'Blue
Beard ' (1798), ' Blue Devils ' (1798), ' Feudal
Times' (1799), 'The Review' (1800), 'The
Poor Gentleman' (ISOl), 'Love Laughs at
Locksmiths ' (1803), ' John Bull ' (1803), ' Gay
Deceivers' (1804), 'Who Wants a Guinea?'
(1805), 'We Fly by Night' (1806), 'The
Africans ' (1808), ' X. Y. Z. ' (1810), ' Quadru-
peds of Quedlinborough ' (1811), 'The Law
of Java ' (1822) ; with many prologues and
epilogues. A collection of his plays was
published at Paris in 1827, with a memoir
by J. W. Lake. Hazlitt wrote: "Mr.
Colman's serious style, which is in some
measure an imitation of Shakespear's, is
natural and flowing ; and there is a constant
intermixture as in our elder drama, a melange
of the tragic and comic ; but there is rather
a want of force and depth in the impassioned
parts of his tragedies, and what there is of
this kind, is impeded in its effect by the
comic. ... In Shakespear, the comic parts
serve only as a relief to the tragic. Colman's
tragic scenes are not high-wrought enough
to require any such relief" ('The English
Stage '). See Griffinhoof, Arthur ; also
Peake's 'Memoirs of the Colman Family,'
Colman jun.'s ' Random Records ' (1830).
Colnag-hi, C. P. Amateur actor and
dramatic writer; author of 'A Debt of
Honour ' (1891), and part-author, with Cots-
ford Dick {q.v. ),pf ' The Spring Legend ' (1891).
Col-o-grog". A character in Brougham's
' Pocohontas ' {q.v.).
Colomba. A lyrical drama in four acts,
music by A. C. Mackenzie, lihrotto founded
by Francis HuEFn:R on tne story by
Prosper Merimee ; first performed at Drury
Lane Theatre, London, April 9, 1SS3.
Colombe, in Tom Taylor's ' Duke in
Dithculties' {q.v.).
Colombe's Birthday. A play by
RoiiKRT Browning {q.v.), first performed
at the Haymarket Theatre, London, on
April 25, 1853, with Miss Helen Faucit as
the heroine, Barry Sullivan as Valence, H.
Howe as Prince Berthnld, Farren as Gicibert,
and Rogers and Tilbury in other parts.
"The play," wrote E. L. Blanchard, "very
dull and heavy ; elaboration of poetical
idea." The work was revived at St. George's
Hall, London, on the aftei-noon of November
19, 1885, with Miss Alma INIurray as Colombe,
Leonard Outram as Valence, G. R. Foss as
Guibert, and B. Gould, B. Webster, and R.
de Cordova in other roles.
Colonel (The). (1) A play so named,
described as by Sir William Davenant, was
entered on the books of the Stationer's Com-
pany, January 1, 1629-30. Fleay identifies
it with 'The Siege' (q.n.). (2) A farce in
two acts, performed at Covent Garden The-
atre on May 4, 1830, with Diddear as Colonel
Friijid, and other parts by Wrench, Miss
Foote, and Mrs. Chatterley. (3) A comedy
in three acts, by F. C. Burnanu, founded on
COLONEL CARTER
COME AND SEE
'Le Mari k la Campagne' (q.v.), and first
performed at the Prince of Wales's Theatre,
London, on February 2, ISSl, with C. F.
Coghlanas Colonel W. W. Woodd, W. Herbert
as Fdchard Forrester, J. Fernandez as Lam-
bert Streyke, R. Buckstone as Basil Gioraionf,
Eric Bayley as Edward Langton, Mrs. Leigh
Murray as Lady Tompkins, ]\Iiss Myra
Holme* as Olive, Miss C. Grahame as Nellie,
and Miss Amy Roselle as Mrs. Blyth. The
piece "ran "'for five hundred and fifty
nights. It was played in the English pro-
vinces in 1S81 by Edgar Bruce in the title
part, C. W. Garthorne as Forrester, W. F.
Hawtrey as Streyke, Miss Glover as Lady
Tom2)kins, Miss "C. Grahame as Olive, Miss
H. Lindley as Mrs. Blyth, and Miss M.
Siddons as Xelli^. By this company it was
performed before the queen at Abergeldie
Castle on October 4, ISSl. It M-as after-
Avards played in the English provinces by
companies headed by Charles Collette (q.v.).
It was first performed in America at Abbey's
Park Theatre, New York, on January i6,
1S82, with Lester Wallack in the title part,
Eric Bayley as Forrester, C. P. Flockton
as Streyke, E. T. Webber as Giorgione, Miss
Z\l. Davis as Lady Tompkins, and Miss
Rachel Sanger as Mrs. Blythe. It was re-
vived at the Comedy Theatre, London, on
July 25, 1SS7, with Edgar Bruce in the title
part, W. Herbert as Forrester, Bassett
Rowe as Streyke, S. Harcourt as Giorgione,
F. Wyatt as Romelli, Miss Y. Melnotte as
Mrs. 'Blyth, Miss H. Leyton as Mrs. For-
rester, Miss S. Yau^han as Lady Tompkins,
and ^liss A. Yerity as Nellie. (4) An
adaptation of ' Haroun Alraschid ' by O.
P. GissoN, first performed at Litchfield,
Connecticut, August S. 1S92 ; at New York
later in the month. (5) A play by Scott
Marble, performed in L'.S.A.
Colonel Carter of Cartersville. A
play in five acts, by Augustus Thomas and
F. HOPKINSON Smith, based on a story by
the latter ; first performed at Palmer's The-
atre, New York, March 22, 1S92 ; reduced to
one act, and performed at the Fifth Avenue
Theatre, New York, in 1S97.
Colonel Sellers. A dramatic sketch,
based on Mark Twain's novel, 'A Gilded
Age,' performed at the Gaiety Theatre,
London, on July 19, ISSO, with J. T. Ray-
mond as Colonel Mulberry Sellers, supported
bv Miss Katherine Rodgers. Mrs. Leigh,
j' J. Dallas, C. Fawcett, F. W. Wyndham,
and Howard RusseU.
Colonel Tom. A play by Steele
]VIackaye, first performed at the Tremont
Theatre, Boston, U.S.A., January 20, 1890.
Colonna. Brother of the heroine in
Shiel's ' Evadne.'
Colorado Beetle (The). A farce by
William Minto [q.v.), Princess's Theatre,
London October 13, 1877.
Colour Serg-eant (The). A play in
one act, by Brandon Thomas (q.v.), first
performed at the Princess's Theatre, Lon-
don, on February 26, 1S85, with a cast in-
cluding J. Dewhurst, C Fulton, George.
Barrett, and Miss Mary Dickens.
Coluni"bat. Chief of the Gawries ir
'Peter Wilkins'(g.i;.).
Columbia. A play by Sutton Yaxe
(q.v.), performed in U.S.A.
Columbia's Daug-hter. A dramatic
piece by Mrs. S. RowsoN (q.v.).
Columbo. Nephew to " The Cardinal'
in .Shirley's play so named (q.v.).
Columbus, Christopher. The central |
character of the following dramatic pieces
— (1) 'Columbus; or. The World Dis
covered : ' a play by THOMAS MORTON (q.v.)
first performed at Co vent Garden on De;
cember 1, 1792 ; revived there in 1816. (2
' Columbus el Filibustero : " a New ant!
Audaciously Original, Historico-plagiaristic
Ante -national. Pre - patriotic, and Omni^
local Confusion of Circumstances, Runnin;
through Two Acts and Four Centuries,
written by John Brougham, and first pei
formed at Burton's Theatre, New York,
on December 31, 1857, with the author
the title part. Miss Lizzie Weston (Mrs.
Davenport) as Columbia, Lawrence Barret'
as Talavera, Mark Smith as Ferdinand^
"It is a more serious production thai;
' Pocohontas ; ' the satire is more subtle;
and the thought more delicate. It contain';
no plays upon words, is not filled with start
ling absurdities, and is pathetic rather tha
uproariously funny" (Lawrence Button
(3) 'Columbus; or, The Original Pitch i,
a Merry Key : ' an " opera bouffe," words b'
Alfred Thompson, music "by the bes;
composers available," first performed at tb.
Gaiety Theatre, London, on May 17, 186'.'
with Miss K. Farren as Colurnbiis, Miss (;
Loseby as Don Diego (Columbus's favourite
pupil), J. Eldred as Alonzo Pinzon (C(
lumbus's boatswain), Maclean as Tohar,
(assistant to Columbus), Teesdale as Kir.
Ferdinand ofCastille and Arragon, J. Robit
as the Lord High Admiral of Spain, Mi:
Rosina Ranoe as Paraquita (queen of tb:
Kokatoukans). " This was not so much '
burlesque," MTites John Hollingshead, ":'
an opera bouffe, the music being a, pasticci'
The composers drawn upon were Offenbac'
Bellini, Louis, E. Jonas, Gounod, Balf'
Verdi, Herve, Boullard, Leo Delibes, wit
original music by Lutz." (4) ' Little Chri
topher Columbus' (q.v.) (lS93).—Columh
figures in Mrs. Hatton's ' America Di
covered' (q.v.).
Combat of Love and Friendshi.
(The). A comedy by Robert Mead, pt:
formed by members of Christ Church C(i
lege, Oxford, and printed in 1654.
Combustion. A farcical comedy |;
Augustus Thomas, produced in U.S.A. i
1SS4.
Come and See. A farce in two aci
by L.A.NGSDORFF, first performed at tij
Haymarket in July, 1814.
'COME AWAY, DEATH'
COMEDY OF ERRORS
"Come away, corae away, death."
First line of song sung by the clown in act
ii. so. 4 of ' Twelfth Night '—
" Lay me, O, where
Sad true lover never find my grave,
To weep there."
The Duke says of the ditty tliat
" It is silly footh,
And dallies with the innocence of love.
Like the old age."
Come Here ; or, The Debutante's
Test. A dramatic sketch by Augustin
D.^^LY (q.v.), in which Madame Janauschek
appeared at the Academy of Music, New
York, in 1870, and at the Haymarket Theatre,
London, in May, 1876. The piece seems to
have had a German origin. See Variations.
" Come hither, you that love, and
hear me sing-." First line of a song in
Fletcher's ' Ca/ptain ' (q.v.)-
Come if you Can. A farcical prelude,
Haymarket Theatre, June 9, 1824.
"Come, let the state stay." First
Mne of a song in Suckling's ' Brennoralt '
{q.v.).
" Come, my Celia, let us prove."
First line of a song in .Tonson's ' Volpone'
(q.v.). "The leading idea of this song is
taken from Catullus " (Bell).
" Come, my dainty doxies." First
line of the gipsies' song in MiDDLETON'S
' More Dissemblers besides Women ' (q.v.)—
" We take no care for candle rents ;
We lie, we snort, we sport in tents."
"Come over the hoorne, Besse."
First line of a snatch sung by Muros (q.v.) in
W. Wag er's ' The Longer thou Livest ' (q-v.).
"Besse" is Queen Elizabeth. See 'King
Lear,' act iii. sc. 6.
Come see a "Wonder. A play, de-
scribed as by John Day and T. Dkkker,
acted at the Red Bull Theatre in 1623 ;
identical with ' The Womler of a Kingdom.'
" Come, Sleep, and, with thy sweet
deceiving"." First line of a song in Beau-
mont and Fletcher's 'Woman Hater'
(q.v.).
"Come, thou monarch of the
vine." First line of the bacchanalian
chorus sung in act ii. sc. 7 of ' Antony and
Cleopatra.'
" Come unto these yellow sands."
First line of a song sung by Ariel in act i.
sc. 2 of 'The Tempest.'
" Come, you whose loves are
First line of a song in FLETCHER'S
' Queen of Corinth ' (q.v.).
Comedjr figures as one of the characters
in Planche's ' Camp at the Olympia' (q.v.).
See Leigh Hunt's discourse on Comedy in
his ' Critical Essays on the Performers of
the London Theatres ' (1807), George Mere-
dith ' On the Idea of Comedy, and of the
Uses of the Comic Spirit' ('New Quarterly,'
Aoril, 1877 ; reprinted as a volume in 1897),
P. Fitzgerald's • Principles of Comedy '
(1870). See, also, Hazlitt's ' Comic Writers '
(1819), Ward's 'English Dramatic Litera-
ture' (1899), C. M. Cayley's 'Representative
English Comedies ' (1899).
Comedy and Trag-edy. (l)The title
under which W. ROBSON translated from the
French of M. Fournier the piece (' Tiridate ')
Avhich was played at the Lyceum in 1847 as
'The Tragedy Queen' ((/.v.), at St. James's
in 1855 as ' Art ' (q.v.), and at the St.
James's in 1871 as ' An Actress by Daylight.'
(2) A drama in one act, by W. S. Gilbert
(q.v.), first performed at the Lyceum Theatre,
London, on January 26, 1884, with Miss
Mary Anderson as the heroine, Clarice ; G.
Alexander as the hero, D'Aulnoy; J. H.
Barnes as the Due D'Orleans, E. F. Edgar as
Doctor Choquart, and Arthur Lewis as De la.
FerU. The piece had, some years previously,
been accepted by jNIiss Litton for the Court
Theatre, but was not produced there. The
author told the story of the di'ama in the
form of a prose contribution to ' The Stage
Door' (1880). The piece was revived at the
Haymarket in May, 1890, with INIiss Julia
Neilson as Clarice (a part in which she
appeared in America in 1895-6). It was
played in the English provinces in 1892,
with Miss Fortescue as Clarice, E. H.
Vanderfelt as D'Aulnoy, and Fuller Mellish
as D'Orleans.
Comedy of Errors (The). A comedy
in five acts, by William Shakespeare,
mentioned by Meres in his ' Palladis Tamia'
(1598), and therefore necessarily written, if
not acted, before that date. It w^as appa-
rently based, in the main, upon William
Warner's translation of Plautus' ' Me-
nsechmi ' into English verse, which was
published in 1595, but had probably been
circulated, in manuscript, before that year.
Shakespeare may also have been indebted
somewhat to the play called ' The Historie
of Error,* which was performed by the
children of Paul's at Hampton Court on
New Year's Day, 1566-7. Shakespeare fol-
lows, in essentials, the story as told by
Plautus, but "makes considerable altera-
tions. He adds the serious part of the plot ;
he makes two twin servants as well as two
twin masters. The character of the Gold-
smith is new ; the Courtezan is thrown
into the background ; and the Parasite i.s
omitted " (Genest). The first recorded per-
formance of the play is that of December
28, 1594, in Gi'ay's Inn Hall, as stated in
the ' Gesta Grayorum ' (1668) : " After such
sport, a Comedy of Errors (like to Plautus
his Menechmus) was played by the players."
It is almost (though not absolutely) certain
that the reference here is to Shakespeare's
work. In October, 1734, there was brought
out at Co vent Garden a play in two acts,
called ' See if you Like It ; or. It's All a
Mistake,' which was described as "taken
from Plautus and Shakespeare," and was
probably an adaptation of ' The Comedy of
Errors.' Genest records performances of
the ' Comedy ' at Drury Lane in November
and December, 1741, but is unable to give
COMEDY OF ERRORS
31(
COMER
the cast. Kirkman, however, says that the
role of Dromio of Syracuse was taken hy
Macklin (q.v.). After this came a series
of representations of the ' Comedy,' or of
adaptations of it, at Covent Garden :— On
April 24, 1762, entitled 'The Twins,' and
with a cast including Shuter, Dunstall,
Gibson, Hull, Mrs. Ward, Mrs. Lessing-
ham, Mrs. Vincent, and Mrs. Stephens ; in
January, 1779, with alterations by T. Hull,
and with Lewis as Antipholus of Syracuse,
"SVhitfield as Antipholus of Ephesus, Quick
as Dromio of Ephesus, Brunsdon as Dromio
of Syracuse, Hull as ^Egcon, Wewitzer as
Dr. Pinch, Mrs. Hartley as the Abbess, Mrs.
Jackson as Adriana, and Mrs. Lessingham
as Luciana ; on June 3, 1793, with Pope as
Antipholus of Syracuse, Holman as Anti-
pholus of Ephesus, Munden as Dromio of
Syracuse, Quick as Dromio of Ephesus, Hull
as ^geon, :^Irs. Mattocks as Adriana, Miss
Chapman as the Abbess, and Mrs. Esten as
Luciana; on June 2, 1798, with Rees as
Dromio of Ephesus ; in January, 1S08, with
C. Kemble as Antipholus of Ephesus, Blan-
chard as Dromio of Ephesus, Murray as
jEgeon, Simmons as Dr. Pinch, Mrs. Gibbs
as Adriana, and Miss Norton as Luciana ;
and in Apiil, ISll, with Jones as Antipholus
of Syracuse, Bruuton as Antipholus of
ijphesux, Mrs. Weston as the Abbess, and
Mrs. Eserton as Luciana. In December,
1819, the comedy was produced at Covent
Garden as an "opera," with the "neces-
sary" alterations and interpolations by
Reynolds [see the full description in Genest].
The cast included W. Farren as Dromio of
Ephesus, Liston as Dromio of Syracuse,
Duruset as Antipholus of Ephesus, Chap-
man as jEgeon, Egerton as the Duke of
Ephesus, Blancbard as Pinch, Mrs. Faucit
as the Abbess, Miss Stephens as Adriana,
Miss M. Tree as Luciana, and Mrs. T. Hill
as Lesbia. The same version of the comedy
was performed, for the benefit of Miss
Stephens {Adriana), at Drury Lane on June
1, 1824, with Penley and Home as the
Antipholuses, Liston as Dromio of Syracuse,
Harley as Dromio of Ephesus, Gattie as
Pinch, Madame Vestris as Luciana, and
Mrs. Knight as the Abbess. The comedy was
revived at Sadler's Wells in November, lS.i5,
with F. Roliinson and H. INIarston as the
Antipholuses, Lewis Ball and Charles Fenton
as the Dromios, Barrett as uEgeon, Miss
Eburne as Adriana, and Miss Travers as
Luciana ; at the Princess's Theatre, London,
in February, 1864, with Henry and Charles
Webb as the Dromios, G. Vining and J.
Nelson as the Antipholuses, H. Mellon as
uEgeon, R. Cathcart as Dr. Pinch, Miss C.
Carson as Adriana, Miss H. Howard as
Luciana, and Miss E. Barnett as Lesbia ; at
the Winter Garden, New York, in 1865, with
J. S. Clarke and W. S. Andrews as the
Dromios ; at Drury Lane in September, 18C6
(compressed into one act), with the brothers
Webb as the Dromios, H. !»inclair and F.
Barsby as the Antipholuses ; at the Alex-
andra" Theatre, Liverpool, on June 13, 1381,
•with C. YandenhofF and F. Rodney as the
Antinholuses, Lionel Brough and J. F. Doyle
as the Dromios, Mrs. Vandenhoff as jEmilia,
and INIrs. Edward Saker as Adriana ; in the
English provinces in 1882 by a company
including Edward Compton (Dromio of
Syracuse) and Miss Virginia Bateman (Mrs.
Compton) ; at the Strand Theatre, London, in
January, 1883, with J. S. Clarke and Harry
Paulton as the Dromios, F. Charles and G.
L. Gordon as the Antipholuses, F. INIervinas
Solineus, Belton as Cleon, T. P. Haynes as
Dr. Pinch, Miss SaUie Turner as Nell, Miss
H. Lindley as Adriana, iliss B. Thompson
as Luciana, Miss M. A. Gifi'ard as jEmilia,
and Miss V. Carew as Lesbia ; at Gray's Inn
Hall on December 6, 1895, by members of '
the Elizabethan Stage Society, and with
Elizabethan costumes and no scenery ; at
Terry's Theatre on the afternoon of June 6,
1899." compressed into one act, and with a
cast including Ben Greet, W. R. Stavely, and
Miss Edith Olyve. The comedy was first
printed in the folio of 1623. S. T. Coleridge ;
wrote of it that Shakespeare " has in this !
piece presented us Avitli a legitimate farce in '
exactest consonance with the philosophical
principles and character of farce, as dis-
tinguished from comedy and from enter- '
tainments. ... A comedy would scarcely ■
allow even the two Antipholuses ; because,
although there have been instances of ■
almost indistinguishable likeness in two
persons, yet these are mere individual ac-
cidents, casus ludentis naturae, and the \
verum will not excuse the inverisimile. Bat ;
farce dares add the two Dromios, and is .
justified in so doing by the laws of its end
ami constitution" ('Notes of Lectures').
" In ' The Comedy of Errors,' " says Hallam, ■
" there are only a few passages of a poetical
vein, yet such perhaps as no other hving'
dramatist could have wTitten ; but the story ;
is well invented and managed— the con-
fusion of persons does not cease to amuse—
the dialogue is easy and gay beyond what|
had been hitherto heard on the stage— theret
is little buffoonery in the wit, and no ab-^
surdity in the circumstances " (' Literature' j
of Europe'). See Everybody Mistaken, ij
Comedy of Humours (The) is men-' ,
tioned in Henslowe's Diary, May 11, 1597,}
as a "new play." F. G. Fleay identifies}'
it with Chapman's ' An Humorous Day's:
Mirth' (q. v.).
Comedy of Sig-lis'(A). A comedy in;
four acts, by John Todhunter, first per-;
formed at the Avenue Theatre, London, on-
:March 29, 1894, with Miss Florence Farr as] i
Lady Brandon, Miss Vane Featherstone asj
Mrs. Chillingworth, B. Gould as Sir Geoffrey\
Brandon, Yorke Stephens as Major Chih.
lingworth, James Welch as Rev. Horact]
Greenwell, etc.
Comedy of Toys (The). A play bj
Charles Barnard, performed in U.S.A.
Comedy Theatre. See Londo:,
Theatres.
Comer. Actor; plaved Giles in 'Thi,
Maid of the Mill' at Bath in 1S13, and
Mother Goose at Covent Garden in 1819".
COMER
317
COMING CLOWN
"Comer," says Genest, "played Giles, and
several other country parts, very well. His
acting was simple and natural."
Comer, Georg-e. Co-author, with George
Conquest (q.v.), of 'Dead Beat' (1865); with
Lionel Ellis, of ' The Right Man ' (1887), and,
with ¥. Benton, of ' Brave Hearts ' (1899).
Comet, King-. See King Comet.
Comet (The) ; or, How to Come at
.Her. A comedy in three acts, performed at
[the Haymarket Theatre in August, 1789.
''2) ' The Comet ; or, Dramatic Dulness : ' a
'arce in two acts, by Joseph Moser, printed
,n the European Magazine for 1807.
Comete (La); or, Two Hearts. A
irama in four acts, by A. W. Pinero
q.v.), first performed at the Theatre Roj'al,
Jroydon, on April 22, 1878, with the sisters
Lionel in the chief parts.
Comfit. A character in L. Buckingham's
Don't lend your Umbrella ' (q.v.). (2) 3[rs.
Jomfit is a landlady in Burnand's ' In for
iHolyday' (q.v.).
Com.fort. (1) A character in the moral
3lay of ' Appius and Virginia' (q.v.). (2) A
;haracter in Redford's ' Wit and Science'
q.v.). (3) Christian Comfort is a character
u J. B. Johnstone's ' Ben Bolt ' (qv.).
Comfortable Lodg-ing-s; or, Paris
n 1750. A farce in two acts, by R. B.
^EAKE (q.v.), first performed at Drury Lane
lu March 10, 1827, with a cast including " O."
^inith. Listen, Harley, Miss Pincott, and
tirs. C Jones.
Com,fortable Service. A farce in one
,ct, by T. Haynes Bayly (q.v.), originally
)erformed at the Olympic Theatre, London,
m January 1, 1836, with F. Matthews as
idmiral Sir Smith Broivn, Keeley as Simon,
Jrs. Macnamaraas Mrs. Alldove, Mrs. Orger
-s Mary, and Miss Goward (Mrs. Keeley)
3 Mrs. Jam.
Comical Countess (A). A farce in
neact, by W. Bkough (q.v.), first performed
t the Lyceum Theatre, London, with Miss
'albot as the Countess de V Espalier, C. J.
■lathe ws as the Chevalier de Vilbrac, and
5. Baker as the Baron de Bergonie ; revivecl
t the City of London Theatre in 1855, and
t the Haymarket Theatre in 1866 ; and at
he Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York, in
871.
Comical Gallant (The). See Merry
ViVEs of Windsor, The.
Comical Hash (The). A comedy by
he Duchess of Newcastle, printed in
662.
Comical Lovers (The); or, Mar-
lage a la Mode. A comedy by Colley
;ibber (q.v.), first acted at the Queen's
'heatre in the Haymarket on February 4,
707, with Cibber as Celadon, Wilks as Pala-
lede, Booth as Rhodophil, Mrs. Bracegirdle
s Melantha, Mrs. Oldfield as Florimel, and
Irs. Porter as Doralice ; revived at Drury
vane in 1720, 1746, and 1752. " This piece is
composed of the comic episodes of Dryden's
' Maiden Queen ' and ' Marriage a la Mode '
joined together. ... A tag to the fourth
act seems pointed at the parting of Moneses
and Arpasia in ' Tamerlane,' and is a humor-
ous picture of many such parting scenes in
some of our love-sick tragedies" (' Biogra-
phia Dramatica '). A version of this piece,
called 'Celadon and Florimel,' was per-
formed at Drury Lane in May, 1796.
Comical Revenge (The); or, Love
in a Tub. A comedy in five acts, by Sir
George Etherege (^'.i'.), acted at Lin-
coln's Inn Fields in 1664, with Harris as Sir
Frederick Frolic, Price as Dufoy, Betterton
as Lord Beaufort, Smith as Colonel Bruce,
Nokes as Sir Nicholas Cully, UnderhUl as
Palmer, Sandford as Whcadlc, Norris as
Louis, Mrs. Long as Widoic Rich, Mrs.
Betterton as Graciana, and Mrs. Davis as
Aurelia. " Lord Beaufort and Colonel Bruce
are in love with (h-aciana. Aurelia is in
love with Colonel Bruce. At the conclusion
she is married to him. . . . Palmer and
Wheadle are sharpers, who swindle Sir
Nicholas out of a promissory note for £1000.
The Widoio Rich is in love with Sir Frederick,
and at last married to him. Dufoy is Sir
Frederick's French valet," whom the Widow's
servants put into a tub when rendered in-
sensible by opium. " This play," says
Downes, " brought £1000 to the house in
the course of a month, and gained the com-
pany more reputation than any preceding
comedy." The comedy was revived at the
Haymarket in December, 1706, with Bowen
as Dufoy, Wilks as Frolic, and Mrs. Old-
field as the Widoiv [Graciana and Aurelia^
omitted]. It was seen at Drury Lane in
1713, with Mrs. Knight as the Widow, Mrs.
Bradshaw as Graciana, and Mrs. Porter as
Aurelia; in 1720 with Cibber as Dufoy,
and in 1726 with Mrs. Cibber as Aurelia.
Pepys saw the play performed " by the
Duke's people" at "the new playhouse" in
Whitehall in 1666; he thought 'it "silly,"
but admits that he was ill, and that the
piece was "done ill" also. It is partly in
prose and partly in rhymed couplets, and
was therefore, says A, W. Ward, "the
earliest regular play in which the use of
rime was actually attempted, unless its
isolated application by Dryden in two pas-
sages of ' The Rival Ladies ' be taken into
account." " In the underplot, the gay
realistic scenes which give the play its
sub-title, Etherege," E. W. Gosse thinks,
" virtually founded English comedy, as it
was successively understood by Congreve,
Goldsmith, and Sheridan."
Comick, Sir Farcical. See Author's
Farce.
Comines, Philip and Marie de,
figure in various adaptations of 'Louis XI.*
(q.v.).
Coming Clown (The). A " Christmas
Number," in one act, by Mark Melford
(q. v.), first performed at the Royalty Theatre,
London, December 21, 1886.
COMING EVENTS
318
COMMONALTY
Coming- Events. An operetta, words
l»y R. Reece, music by P. Bucalossi, tirst
performed at the Royalty Theatre, London,
in April, 1876, witli Miss Annie Goodall
and J. Rouse in the cast.
Coming- Home. See Sithors to
GllI.ND.
Coming- of Ag-e. An operetta, words
by J. E. Carpenter, music by E. L. Hime,
lirst performed at the Charing Cross Theatre
in June, 1869, with a cast including Kath-
leen Irwin and Cicely Nott.
Coming- thro' the Rye. A come-
dietta by J. A. Rosier and W. T. Main-
price, Theatre Royal, Halifax, October 11,
1886.
Coming- Woman (The). (1) A comic
drama in three acts, Ladbroke Hall, London,
April 30, 18S7. (2) A dramatization by
MER'VTfN Dallas of Edmund Yates' novel,
' Broken to Harness,' rewritten by Sedley
Brown and revised by Louis de Lange
and Eugene Ormande, first acted in
America, Waterbury, Ct., Nov. 5, 1894 ; in
New York at the Fifth Avenue Theatre,
November 12, 1894.
Commencement of a Bad Farce,
which, however, it is hoped will
turn out Wrig-ht at Last (The). A
piece first performed at the Lyceum The-
atre, London, October 31, 1853", -with E.
Wright in the chief part. "It was con-
demned," says M. Williams, "because the
farce was really a bad one ; but independent
of this, the actor, whose humour was always
of the broadest, proved quite out of his
element in the refined atmosphere of the
Lyceum."
Coramissary (The). A comedy in
three acts, by Samuel Foote (q.v.), first
performed at the Haymarket in June, 1765,
with the author in the title part {Zachary
Fungus), Shuter as Gruel (a teacher of
oratory) and Mrs. Loveit (a rich widow).
Parsons as Dr. Catgut (a singing master)
and a hackney coachman. Miss Cheney as
Mrs. Mechlin, Miss Reynolds as Dolly, etc.
Fungus, who has grown rich as a com-
missary in Germany, desires to marry a
lady of rank and go into society. Mrs.
Mechlin foists her own niece, Dolly, upon
him as the daughter of an earl. Fungus
acquiring polish at the hands of Catgut,
Gruel, etc., recalls 'Le Bourgeois Gentil-
homme.'
Com.mission (A). A comedy in one act.
by Weedon Grossmith (g.v.), first per-
formed at Ten-y's Theatre, London, on June
G, 1891, with the author as Shaiv (a valet),
Forbes Dawson as a painter, Brandon
Thomas as a model, and Miss Lily Hanbury
as Mrs. Hemmersley.
Commissionaire Extraordinaire.
See Ticklish Times.
Committed for Trial. (1) A "piece
of absurdity " in two acis, by W. S. GILBERT
[q.v.), founded on 'Le Reveillon,' and first
performed at the Globe Theatre, London
on January 24, 1874, with H. J. Montague
as Alfred Trimble, A. Cecil as Jonathan Wag-
staffe, G. Temple as Portiboy, Compton as
Stuhbs, and INIiss Carlotta Addison as Mrs.
Wagstaffe. The piece Avas afterwards ex-
panded into three acts, and revived on Feb-
ruary 3, 1877, at the Criterion Theatre, under
the title of ' On Bail,' and with Charles
Wyndham as Lovibond (Wagstaffe), Miss F.
Josephs as the Duke of Darlington, E.
Righton as Trimble, J. Clarke as Marcooly,
I. Francis as Wilcox (Stubbs), H. Ashley as
Ilebblethicaite, Miss Eastlake as Mrs. Lovi-
bond, Miss Nellie Bromley as Mrs. Hebble-
thwaite. Miss Edith Bruce as the maid.
See Contempt of Court. (2) A drama iii
four acts, by Edward Towers, East London
Theatre, London, November 30, 1878.
Committee (The). A comedy bv Sir
Robert Howard, performed at the 'The-
atre Royal, and printed in 1665. " This
comedy," says the ' Biographia Dramatica,'
" was -nTitten not long after the Restoration,
and was intended to throw an idea of the
utmost odium on the Roundhead party and
their proceedings." The same authoritv
speaks of " the drollery of the character of'
Teague, and the strong picture of absurd
fanaticism, mingled with indecent pride,
drawn in those of Mr. Day, Mrs. Day, and
Abel." Pepys, who saw ' The Committee '
performed in 1663, thought it "a merry but
indifferent play," but evidently enjoyed
Teague as represented by Lacy. The piece,
was revived at Drury Lane so lately as Feb-
ruary, 1788. See Obadiah.
Committee - Man Curried (The).-
" A comedy in two parts," by S. Sheppard.
printed in 1647. W. C. Hazlitt describes'
this work as a "barefaced piece of plagia-.
rism " from Suckling's works and Stapylton's
translations of the first and second satire.'^
of Juvenal.
Commodore (The). See Creole
The (-2).
Common Conditions : " a new anc
pleasant comedy or play after the manne:
of common conditions," licensed on July 27;
1576. A transcript of this dramatic fragraen ,
is in the Bodleian library. " Shift, Thrift.
and Vnthrift are characters in it : Condi
tions is the Vice" (Fleay). See the 'Bio
graphia Dramatica,' Collier's 'History o
Dramatic Poetry,' and Fleay's ' History o;
the Stage ' and ' English Drama.'
Common, Dol, in Ben Jonson'S'AI'
chemist ' (^.r.).
Common Sense, The Life an(
Death of. A prelude altered from FlELr
ING'S 'Pasquin' (q.v.), and first performei
at the Haymarket Theatre on August Ic
1782. (2) ' Common Sense ; or. The Slave
of Mammon:' a drama in four acts, b!
Edw. Towers, Pavilion Theatre, Londor'
May 11, 1878. ,
Commonalty. A character in ' Albyo
Knight ' {q. v.).
COMMONWEALTH
319
COMPTON
Commonwealth of Women (A).
5ee SEA Voyage.
Comnenus, Isaac. See Isaac Com-
\E>US.
Compag-nons de la Truelle (Las).
;ee Dark City.
Companion to the Playhouse (A).
A.n account of English plays and play-
jvrights, written, in dictionary form, by
pAViD Erskine Baker (9. v.), and published
n two vols, in 1764. Revised by Isaac Reed,
t was republished in 17S2, under the title
if 'Biographia Draraatica,' and was again
evised by Stephen Jones, and republished
inder the same title in 1812. " Baker," says
3ullen, " was largely indebted to his pre-
lecessor, Langbaine. He adds but little
nformation concerning the early dramatists,
)ut his work is a useful book of reference
or the history of the stage during the first
lalf of the eighteenth century."
Composer (The). A comedietta by
Arthur Chapman, music by F. M. Capel ;
:heatre Royal, Richmond, October 29, 1891.
Compressed Gunpowder. A dra-
natic piece by Mrs. Charles A. DOREMUS,
lerformed in U.S.A.
Compromise (The); or, Faults on
)oth Sides. A comedy by J. Sturmy,
lerformed at Lincoln's Inn Fields inDecem-
)er, 1722.
Compromising: Case (A). A one-act
)iece by Mrs. T E. Smale, performed at
he Lyceum Theatre, New York, April 20,
892.
Compromising" Coat (The). A come-
lietta by J. T. Grkin (7.r.)and C. N. Jarvis
q.v.), Globe Theatre, London, June 27, 1892.
Compton, Charles G. Dramatic
.uthor, theatrical critic, and miscellaneous
vriter; son of Henry Compton {q.v.); has
vritten, with A. G. Hockley, a drama en-
itled 'A Family INIatter' (q.v.) (1894); is
part-author of the ' Memoir of Henry Comp-
on ' (1879) ; has contributed theatrical
iriticism to the Outlook (189S-9) and other
periodicals ; and was, from 1889 to 1895, act-
Qg manager of the Garrick Theatre.
Compton, Edward. Actor, bom
854; son of Henry Compton (q.v.); made
lis first appearance on the stage at the
'heatre Royal, Bristol (now the Prince's),
a 1873. After this cauie various provincial
ours and local engagements, his London
■^but being made at Drury Lane on March
, 1S77, as Alfred Evelyn in the first act of
Money' (q.v.). Tours with H. J, Byron,
Irs. H. Yezin, and Miss Wallis followed ;
nd then in 1878-9 he appeared at Drury
-ane as Florizel ('The Winter's Tale '). Cassio,
lalcolm ('Macbeth'), Leonatu.-^ ('Cymbe-
me '), and Homeo. At the Adelphi in the
jst-named year he played Sir Benjamin
"'((ckbite and 2[odus, figuring there in 1880
ifter a tour with Mi.«s Neilson in America)
s the original Bertie Talhoys in 'The
)'Dowd'(3.r.). To 1831 belongs the estab-
lishment of the [Edward] Compton Comedy
Company, which had an unbroken existence
of eighteen years, appearing mainly in the
provinces, but occasiunally in London. Thus,
in 1886-7, at the Strand Theatre, Edward
Compton produced Muskerry's ' Davy Gar-
rick,' ' The Rivals,' ' The School for Scandal,'
' She Stoops to Conquer,' and ' The Road to
Ruin,' playing Davy, Boh Acres, Charles
Surface, young Marloio, and (in the last-
named piece) both Harry Dornton and Gold-
finch. At the Opera Comique in 1S91-2 he
was seen as Christopher Newman in Henry
James's 'American' (q.v.), young Wilding
in ' The Liar' (q.v.). Father Allen in Frank-
fort Moore's 'Queen's Room' (q.v.), and
John Alden in F. Moore's 'Mayflower'
(q-v.). In 1894 he figured at Toole's Theatre,
London, as Albert Chardin in ' IVIarried by
Proxy' (q.v.), and in 1898 appeareil at the
Grand, Fulham, as Fdmund Kean in the
play by Edgar Pemberton so named (q.v.).
At Birmingham in 18S6 he had been the
original representative of the hero of E.
Pemberton's ' Actor' (q.v.). and at Norwich
in 1893 the first Sidney Carton in the same
author's play so named (q.v.). In 1898 he
became joint-lessee of the Dalston Theatre,
and in 1899 resumed touring with his com-
pany. Besides collaborating with his brother
Charles in the ' Life ' of their father (1879),
Edward Compton has written the following
dramatic pieces : — • A Strange Relation '
(1876), ' A Mutual Separation ' (1877), and
(with E. M. Robson) ' Faithful unto Death '
(1881). See Compton, Mrs. Edward.
Compton, Henry [Charles Mackenzie].
Actor, born at Huntingdon, !March 22, 1805 ;
died September 15, ls77 ; son of John Mac-
kenzie ; was educated at Huntingdon and
Little Baddow (Essex), and was intended
originally for a commercial career. This,
however, proved distasteful to him, and in
1826 he took definitely to the stage, his
d^but [as "Henry Compton"] being made
at Lewes, as "walking gentleman" and
player of " responsible " parts. [" Compton "
was the surname of one of the wives of his
grandfather, and the " Henry " was adopted
quite casually.] Engagements at Leicester,
and on the Bedford, Lincoln, and York
Circuits, followed ; Compton's first appear-
ance in London being made on July 24,
1837, at the English Opera House (Lyceum
Theatre) as Robi7i in ' The Waterman"' (q.v.)
and Paul Shack in ' Master's Rival.' At the
Lyceum he stayed till September, migrating
in October to Drury Lane, where he figured
as the First Gravcdifjger in ' Hamlet,' /S^curfer
in 'The Merry. Wives,' Launcelot Gobbo,
Marall in ' A New Way to Pay Old Debts,'
Mawicorm in 'The Hypocrite,' Tony Lnvi]}-
kin. Silky in ' The Road to Ruin,' Dr. Ollapod
in ' The Poor Gentleman,' Bailie NicolJarvie,
Gnatbrain in ' Black-eyed Susan,' etc. In
July, 1«38, he returned "to the Lyceum, and
was seen there as Dominie Sa)n2)son in * The
W'itch of Derncleugh,' and as the original
Jerry Chance and Tom Chaff in Mark
Lemon's ' M.P. for Wrottenborough ' and
' Sister Kate ' respectively. At Drury Lane
COMPTON
COMPTON
in 1839 he played Verges to the Dog-
berry of Dow'ton. After that came an en-
gagement at Dublin, followed by another
at Drury Lane under Macready. Here ''in
1303-4) he appeared as Polonivs, Dogberry,
Launce, Foresight in 'Love for Love,' Sir
Peter Teazle, and David in ' The Rivals,'
besides figuring in the original cast of
' Follies of a Night' (5. v.). Liverpool and
Dublin next claimed his energies, and then,
in 1844, he was engaged for the Princess's
Theatre, London, where he remained for
four years, figuring as Touchstone, and, in-
deed, in " the whole round of the legitimate
drama." Next came a term of service with
Farren at the Olympic, the Strand, and then
the Olympic again. At the Strand (1849-50)
he was the first Mr. Sceptic in ' Founded on
Facts' iq.v.), Peter Paternoster in 'John
Dobbs' Cg.r.), Flatz in 'The Philosopher's
Stone ' (g.v.), Cogne Creche in ' Prince Dorus,'
and Will Whimble in 'Sir Roger deCoverley.'
At tlie Olympic (1851) he was the original Toby
Tu'inkle in 'All that Glitters is not Gold'
iq.v.). In the spring of 1853 he began, at the
Haymarket (under Buckstone), an engage-
ment which lasted for sixteen years. During
that period he was the original performer
of the following (and other) characters :—
Captain Gawk in ' Elopements in High Life '
(1853), Mr. Smith in ' Knights of the Round
Table' (1854), Joe Withers in 'The Evil
Genius ' (1856), Paidagogos in F. Talfourd's
'Atalanta' (1857), Blenkinsop in 'An Un-
equal Match ' (1857), Pluto in F. Talfourd's
' Pluto and Proserpine ' (1858), Sir Dormer
de Brazenby in ' The Tide of Time ' (185S),
Buzzard in 'The World and the Stage'
(1859), Icebrook in ' Everybody's Friend '
(1859), ^Egisthus in F. Talfourd's 'Electra'
(1859), Honeybun in 'The Contested Elec-
tion' (1859), Mutton in 'The Rifle' (1859),
Sir Solomon Frazer in ' The Overland Route'
(1860), Seidell in Taylor's 'Babes in the
"Wood ' (1860), Vulcan in Burnand's ' Venus
and Adonis ' (1864), Lepidus in Burnand's
♦ Antony and Cleopatra ' (1866), Massaro7ii
in A Beckett's 'Brigand' (1867), De Vaudray
in ' A Hero of Romance ' (1868), Mountrafe
in Robertson's ' Home ' (1869), and Tollit in
' Mary Warner ' (1869). During the same
period Compton was seen at the same
theatre as Bob Acres, Crabtree, Obadiah
Prim (in ' A Bold Stroke for a Wife '), and
Dr. Pangloss. Leaving the Haymarket, he
appeared both at Manchester and at the
Olympic, London, as the original Joshua
Gaivthiuaite in Tom Taylor's ' Handsome is
that Handsome Does' (1870). Then came
an association with the Globe Theatre, under
H. J. Montague (1871-73), during which he
was the original representative of Muggles
in ' Partners for Life ' (^.v.), Paul Cudlip in
' Forgiven ' (q-v.), Gulp in ' The Spur of the
Moment' (5.1;.), Ozeye in ' Oriana' (q.v.),
and Rumbalino in 'Fine Feathers' (g.v.).
In 1874 he joined the company at the Lyceum,
where he played the First Gravedigger to the
Hamlet of Henry Irving, in addition to ap-
pearing in 'A Fish out of Water.' After
this came a tour with the Vezin-Chippen-
dale company, followed by "starring" en-
gagements at Liverpool and Manchester, at
which latter place, on July 14, 1877, he
made his last appearance on the stage. ' On
the 15th of September in that year, he died
(of cancer). He liad been married, in 1848
to Miss Emmeline Montague (q.v.), the well-
known actress. " His Touchstone, his Dog-
berry, his Gravedigger," wrote J. R. Planche,
" will never be forgotten by those who were
fortunate enough to witness them "—a
dictum repeated by Tom Taylor, who says,
" His Shakesperean clowns were incom-
parably the most original and telling 1 have
seen on the stage ; and his Marall in ' A
New Way to Pay Old Debts' held equal
rank." "His style," wrote C.J.Mathews,
" was peculiarly his own. He had a queer
dry humour that never failed of effect. He
had the art of giving value to phrases of
themselves valueless, oy his incisive mode
of utterance, his affected stolidity, and his
accompanied original facial expression."
See ' Memoir of Henry Compton,' by Charles
and Edward Compton (1879) ; Morley's ' Lon-
don Playgoer,' etc. See, also, Compton,'
Charles ; Compton, Edward ; Compton,
Katherine.
Compton, Katherine. Actress ;.
daughter of Henry Compton (q.v.) ; made
her first appearance at the Theatre Royal.
Bristol, in 1874, as Maria in ' The School foi
Scandal.' She afterwards played at Hull,
Newcastle, Manchester, etc. Her London
dibut was made at the Gaiety Theatre in
May, 1877, as Julia in 'The Rivals.' She
has been the original representative of the
following characters : — Lucy Merivale in
' Such is the Law ' (1878), Mrs. Parminter
Blake in ' Imprudence' (1881), Annein 'Low,
Water' (18S4), the Princess Peninkoff in
' The Great Pink Pearl' (1885), Mabel Selbyi
in ' A Run of Luck' (1886), Juno Johnstone
in ' The Treasure ' (1888), Mrs. Bute Curzon
in ' Robin Goodfellow' (1893), Lady Gwendo-.
line in ' The White Elephant ' (1896), Lady
Algy in 'Lord and LadyAlgv' (IS9S), Mrs.
Buhner in 'Wheels within Wheels ' (1899)
iMdy Huntworth in ' Lady Huntworth't
Experiment' (1900), Countess Zechyadi ir
'The Under-current' (1901), Mrs. Aubertoi
in 'A Clean Slate' (1903), and the title
part in 'The Rich Mrs. Repton' (1904);
She has also been seen in London as Celia
Portia (' :Merchant of Venice '), 3Iiss Hard
castle, Lydia ('The Love Chase'), Helei
('The Hunchback'), Marion de Lorm
('Richelieu'), Grace Harkaway ('Londoi.
Assurance '), Mrs. Singleton Bliss (' Cyril'
Success'), Lady Betty Noel ('Lady Clan,
carty '), Princess Lydia (' The Danischeffs',
etc.
Compton, Mrs. Edward [Virgin!
Bateman]. Actress; daughter of H. I
Bateman (g.t'.); married in 1SS2 Edwar
Compton {q.v.), of whose Comedy Compan
she was for many years "leading lady.
She has been seen "in London as Lady Teaz
(Sadler's Wells, ISSO). Violet in ' Davy Ga
rick' (Strand Theatre, 1886), Kate Har<>
castle (Strand, 1887), etc. She was tl
COMPTON
COMUS
jiginal Lydia in Merivale's ' Husband in
'over'(?.v.)-
bompton, Mrs. Henry. See MON-
GUE, EMMELI.NE.
bompton, Percy. Actor; son of
;nry Compton {q.v.) ; was the original
:,ll Somers in Raleigh's ' Queen and
ordinal' (1881), and the first Burnaby
Jgot in Cellier's ' Doris ' (1889). He and
ji; brother, Sydney Compton, have had
♦isiderable experience as actors in the
jglish provinces.
Comrades. A comedy in three acts, by
}.ANDON Thomas (9. v.) and B. C. Stephen-
iS (q.v.), first performed at the Court
^eatre, London, on December 16, 1S82, with
,an Clayton as Sir George Baxter, D. G.
lucicault as Arthur Dexter, C. F. Coghlan
iCaptain Darleigh, A. Cecil as Hon. Fenley
i\vers, W. Mackintosh as Tom Stirrup, Miss
],rian Terry as Lady Constance Birklands,
i\ Miss Carlotta Addison as Lady Dexter ;
] -formed in the English provinces in 1883.
Comrades and Friends. A military
<,ma in two acts, by Isaac Pocock {q-v.),
it performed at Covent Garden on Feb-
.T.ry 14, 1831, with a cast including Bartley,
]eley, Abbot, Meadows. J. S. Grimaidi,
inchard, Power, Barnes, Miss Taylor, and
3s. Chatterley.
IJomstock, Nanette. Actress, born
il ; made her professional d6bxit in 1887 in
Jyt's 'Hole in the Ground' {q.v.). She
■v^ the original Una Foxwood in ' A Gold
Jie* (1889), and the first representative in
ierica of Laura Norris in ' Booties' Baby '
(lS9). She has been seen in New York as
^.nnette in ' Natural Gas ' (18SS), and as
Meline West and Jennie Buckthorn in
''lenandoah' (1889).
iomus. A masque by John Milton,
jiUshed in 1637. It was written, " as most
iple know, as an entertainment to be
fisented at Ludlow Castle [in 1634] on the
a:.val and installation there of the Earl of
Ijdgewater as Lord President of Wales.
. I The masque was to be acted by members
ophe family ; and as there was some story
o,,he fourteen or fifteen year old daughter
.(^ie, who was to act in the masque, having
b|Q lost in a wood on the way to Ludlow,
^(ton is supposed to have planned his
^17 from that incident. Her two actual
D,thers acted the brothers' parts in the
B'jQue. . . . The attendant spirit was acted
Mlilton's friend. Harry Lawes, who had
bla commissioned to write the music. . . .
K|;os originally meant a licentious dancing
rjil. In Hesiod's ' Shield of Hercules ' it
ni-ns the promiscuous band of revellers
■W|> followed with their wilder dance and
S(jr after the trained chorus of a procession.
I^ater times, Comus appeared as a god of
Hive mirth and joy. . . . And so he passed
iij^atype for use of moralists; appeared,
«(teen years before Milton's poem, in Ben
J tson^s masque of ' Pleasure reconciled to
J*|ue,' and had appeared, eleven years
"■ire that, in a Latin poem entitled
•Comus,' by Henri du Pay, of Louvain,
which Milton had read and liked, for at
least one passage in it has been distinctly
imitated. In Peele's 'Old Wives' Tale'
there are two brothers rescuing a lost sister
from the spells of an enchanter" (Henry
Morley). In 1738 Dr. Dalton adapted
' Comus ' to the stage, arranging it in three
acts, " retaining nearly the whole of the
original, adding or compiling the scene
between the brothers and Comus' crew,
and introducing a variety of songs [mainly,
it would seem, selected from Milton's works]
to make it pass off better on the stage"
(Genest). The piece was produced at Drury
Lane on March 4, with Quin as Comus,
Milward and Gibber, jun., ^s fhe Brothers,
Mills as the First Spirit, Mrs. Cibber as the
Lady, Mrs. Clive as Euphrosyne (an intro-
duced character), and Mrs. Arne as Sahrina;
Beard, too, had a singing part. 'Comus'
was revived in 1744, at Covent Garden, with
Mrs. Pritchard as the Lady ; in 1752, at
Drury Lane, with Mossop as Comus; in 1755,
at Covent Garden, with Smith as Comus
and Peg WoflBngton as the Lady ; in 1773,
at Covent Garden (reduced by George Col-
man to two acts), with Mattocks as Comus
and Miss Catley as Euphrosyne ; in 1775, at
Drury Lane, with Mrs. Baddeley as the
Lady ; in 1776, at Covent Garden, with Tvlrs.
Barry as the Lady ; in 1777, at Drury Lane,
with Farren and Lamash as the Brothers,
Aikin and Tenducci as the Spirits, Mrs.
Robinson as the Lady, and Mrs. Baddeley
as the Pastoral Nymph ; in 1784, at Covent
Garden, with Henderson as Comus ; in 1786,
at Drury Lane, with Palmer as Comus, Ban-
nister, jun., and R. Palmer as the Brothers,
Barrymore as a Spirit, Bannister as First
Bacchanal, Mrs. Wrighten as Euphrosyne,
Mrs. Crouch as the Pastoral Nymph, and
Mrs. Siddons as the Lady ; in 1803, at Covent
Garden, with G. F. Cooke as Comus ; in 1812,
at the same theatre, with C. Kemble as
Comus; in 1829, at the same theatre, with
Miss Hughes as the Lady; and in 1833 at
Drury Lane, under the auspices of Bunn.
A notable revival was that of 1842 at Covent
Garden, with John Cooper in the title part,
Mdme. Vestris as Sabnna, Miss Rainforth
as the Spirit, and ^Irs. Walter Lacy as the
Lady. " The groupings and arrangement of
the tableaux," -nTites George Vandenhoff,
" were admirable, and some of the mechani-
cal effects were almost magical. There were
forest scenes of the greatest pictorial beauty"
('An Actor's Note-Book'). Dryden and
Purcell's 'King Arthur' seems to have
been drawn upon for this production. The
masque was produced by Macready at Drury
Lane in February, 1843, with himself as
Comtts, Anderson asthe^Wer Brother, Miss
Faucit as the Lady, Miss Romer as Sabrina,
and Miss P. Horton as the attendant Spirit.
At Easter, 1S65, at Drury Lane, ' Comus
was revived with Walter Lacy as Comus,
Edmund Phelps and Miss E. Falconer as
the Brothers, Henri Drayton as First Bac-
chanal, Miss Augusta Thomson as Sabrina,
Miss Poole as the attendant ^i^iVif^, and Mrs.
Hermann Vezin as the Lady. A lyric by
Y
CONCEITS
CONFIDENTIAL CLERK
Edmund Ealconer was introduced, set to
nausic by J. Burnand [see Morley's ' London
Playgoer ']. The Masque was revived (with
the music by Lawes)at the Botanic Gardens,
London, in July, 1903.
Conceits (The). A play entered on the
books of the Stationers' Company in No-
vember, 1653.
Con-ctirers. See Conquerors, The.
Condell, Henry. Actor, died 1627 ;
was in the original casts of ' Every Man in
his Humour ' (159S), ' Every Man out of his
Humour' (1599), ' Seianus ' (1603), 'The Mal-
content' (1604), ' Volpone' (1605), 'The Al-
chemist' (1610), 'Catiline' (1611), and 'All
is True' (q.v.) (1613). He also enacted the
Cardinal in 'The Duchess of Malfi' (q.v.).
In 1599 he became a sharer in tlie profits
both of the Globe and of the Blackfriars
Theatres. He retired from the stage in
1623, in which year he and his brother-
player, J. Heming, prepared and published
the' First Folio of the plays of their friend
and colleague, Shakespeare (q. v.). See Col-
liers ' Lives of the Actors,' Halliwell-
Phillips's 'Life of Shakespeare,' and Fleay's
'Actors' Lists' (Royal Historical Society).
Condell, Henry. Instrumentalist and
musical composer, died 1824 ; was a mem-
ber, successively, of several theatrical and
operatic orchestras ; -wrote the music for
' The Enchanted Island ' (ballet, ISO-i), ' Who
Wins ? ' (farce, ISOS), and ' Transformation '
(farce, ISIO), and contributed to the score
of 'The Farmer's Wife' (q-v.).
Condemned. (1) A comedy-drama by
W. Ma>"NING, Prince of Wales's Theatre,
Warrington, September 3, 1878. (2) A drama
by EUSTON Knowles, first performed in
U.S.A., and produced at the Theatre Royal,
Castleford, August 25, 1887.
Confederacy (The). A comedy by
Sir John Vanbrugh (q.v.), first per-
formed at the Haymarket on October 30,
1705, with Booth as Dick Amlet, Pack as
Brass (his servant), Dogget as Moneytrap,
Leigh as Gripe (a scrivener), Mrs. Barry as
Clarissa (his wife), ]\Irs. Bracegirdle as Flip-
■panta (her maid), Mrs. Bradshaw as Corinna
(daughter of Gripe), Mrs. Porter as Ara-
rninta (wife of Moneytraj)), Mrs. Willis as
Mrs. Amlet, and Mrs. Baker as Mrs. Cloggit ;
acted ten times. The ' Biographia Dra-
matica' (1812) describes it as " in truth only
a translation, somefliing improved, of ' Les
Bourgeoises k la Mode ' of Mons. D'Ancourt.
. . . The language is pleasing, and the plot
of the two wives against their husbands
well conceived and admirably executed."
"'The Confederacy,'" says Hazlitt, " is a
comedy of infinite contrivance and intrigue,
with a matchless spirit of impudence. It is
a fine careless expose of heartless want of
principle " (' English Comic Writers '). '■'Dick
Amlet and his mother make a choice pair,
and Flippanta the lady's maid is a fine
specimen of the effrontery of her kind. The
morality of this comedy is on Vanbrugh's
usual level . . . and the rascally Dick ■
made perfectly liappy at the close " (A. V
Ward). The comedy was revived in 170
1709, 1720, and 1725. " Then came some moi
notable revivals, at Drury Lane— in 173
with Macklin as Brass and Mrs. Cli\
as Flippanta ; in 1746, with Foote as Die.
Yates as Moaeytrap, Peg Wofiington ;
Clarissa ; in 1759, with King as Brass, Palnii
as Dick, Miss Pope as Corinna, Wilkinson ;
Mrs. Amlet ; and in 1769, with ^Nliss Poj
as Flippanta and Mrs. Abington as Corinn
The piece was seen at Covent Garden
1770, with Yates as Brass, Shuter as Hone
trap, and Mrs. BuJkeley as Corinna ; at tl
Haymarket in 1785, with Palmer as Brat
Bannister, jun., as Dick, and Parsons :
Moneytrap ; at Drury Lane in 1796, with Ba
nister, jun., as Brass, Suett as Montytra
and Mrs. Jordan as Corinna; at Cove'
Garden in 1807, with Lewis as Brass, Mundi
as Moneytrap, Emery as Gripe, and Mrs.
Kemble as Clarissa ; at the Lyceum in 181
with Dowton as Moneytrap and Mathews
Gripe; at Drury Lane in 1817, with Harl
as Brass and Miss Kelly as Flippanta ;
Covent Garden in 1819, 'with W. Farren
Moneytrap and Miss Foote as Corinna; a:
at Drury Lane in 1525, with Mrs. Yates '
Clarissa and Miss Kelly as Corinna.
Confederates. A drama in one a
by Henry Woodville, Globe Theat
London, February 25, 1897.
Confederates (The). See Thr
Hours after Marriage.
Confession. A play, in prose and
blank verse, written by Richard Cumb]
LAND, and printed, with other posthumc
plays of his, in 1813. The confession is tl
of Queen Eleanor (mother of Richard I.),;
the effect that a certain Sir Reginald i
Tours is her illegitimate son, •
Confidant (The), in Sheridj*
' Critic' (q.v.), is a satire upon the conv
tional attendant on the heroines of se:
mental drama.
Confidence. A character in Shirle
' Triumph of Peace ' (q.v.).
Confidence. (1) A comedietta by D ,t
BouciCAULT (q. V.), adapted from the Frei .,
and first performed at the Haymai 1
Theatre, London, on May 2, 1S48. (2".
drama in three acts, by R. Cantwi ,
Britannia Theatre, London, October ;,
1872.
Confidence Man (The). A plaj'y
John Brougham (g. I-.).
Confidential Clerk (The). A fan J
comedy in three acts, adapted by Syd ^
WirxMAN and Shedden Wilson from »
Moser's ' Der Leibrentet,' first perfor a
at the Gaiety Theatre on the afternoc >f
June IS, 1SS6, with Percy Compton in.e
title part, F. W. Irish and S. Wilkinso-.^
Skroo and Tivistera, and other parts by ./s
Sophie Larkin, W. Lestocq, G. Farqur,
etc.
J
CONFLICT
CONGREVE
Conflict; or, Love, Honour, and
ride. A play in blank verse, by Hannah
RAND, printed in 1798.
Conflict of Conscience (The). A
amatic piece in six acts, "containing a
ost lamentable example of the doleful
isperation of a miserable worldling,
rmed by the name of Philologus, who
rsook the truth of God's gospel, for fear
the loss of life and worldly goods ; "
compiled " by Nathaniel Woodes,
ninister in Norwich," and printed in 1581.
lis piece is based on the story of Francis
lira.
Confusion. (1) A dramatic sketch by
lANCis W. Moore, Royalty Theatre, Lon-
n, February 23, 1876. (2) An " eccentric "
medy in three acts, by Joseph Derrick,
st performed at the Vaudeville Theatre,
ndon, on the afternoon of May 17, 1883,
th P. Day as Mumple/ord, C. Groves as
izzard, F. Thorne as James, Miss S.
rkin as Miss Tricklehy, and Miss K.
shop as Rose; placed in the evening bill
July 16, with C. Groves, F. Thorne, and
ss Larkin as before, C. Glenney as
impleford, Miss Winifred Emery as Rose;
lyed in the English provinces in 1884 ;
dved at the Vaudeville on January 30,
36, with C. Glenney, C. Groves, F. Thorne,
d Miss Larkin as before, and with Miss
ite Rorke, Miss ]\L Millett, and F. Mellish
other rdles ; again revived at the Vaude-
le in May, 1891, and at the Grand, Isling-
ji, in December, 1892.
bongrenial Souls. A farce by J, H.
IMY, Princess's Theatre, Edinburgh,
tober 3, 1878.
Uong-ress at Paris (A). A farce by
•)WARD Rose {q.v.), first performed at the
/rapic in July, 1878, with a cast including
Beerbohm-Tree.
Uong-reve, William. Dramatic writer,
rn at Bardsey, near Leeds, February 10,
0; son of an officer in the army; was
'Vacated at Kilkenny (1681) and at Trinity
liege, Dublin (1685), returning to England
: 1688. In March, 1691, he was entered at
3 Middle Temple, and, being fairly well
do, began to frequent the society of
In of fashion and letters. His first
■fblished work was a novel called 'In-
l^nita; or, Love and Duty Reconciled,'
\ich appeared in 1692. Early in 1693, his
it dramatic piece, 'The Old Bachelor'
I vised by Dry den and Southerne), was pro-
'ced at the Theatre Royal with signal
!:cess, its polished wit carrying all before
'■ The comedy was printed shortly after,
ih a rhymed preface by Southerne, in which
'ngreve was saluted as Dryden's natural
ixessor. In the same year appeared the
■ nslation of 'Juvenal' and 'Persius,' edited
id partly written by Dry den, to whom Con-
iive addressed a complimentary poem pre-
9d to the 'Persius.' In November, 1693,
"He Congreve's second play, ' The Double
: aler,' also produced at the Theatre Royal,
b not so triumphantly as its predecessor,
its keen satire being resented by the heau
monde. It was, however, seen and liked by
Queen Mary, who commanded a revival of
' The Old Bachelor ' for her special edifica-
tion. In 1694, Addison, in his ' Account of
the Greatest English Poets,' devoted a pas-
sage to "harmonious Congreve"—
"... whose fancy's unexhausted store
Has given already much, and promised more."
There was at this time dissension among
the company at the Theatre Royal, from
which Betterton and others — having ob-
tained the royal sanction to perform else-
where—seceded. A new theatre was built
for them in Lincoln's Inn Fields, and, in
return for a share in the profits, Congreve
undertook to write for them one play per
year, "if his health permitted." The house
opened accordingly at Easter, 1695, with
Congreve's ' Love for Love,' which proveil
so acceptable to the public that, "with
certain breaks, it continued to be played for
the remainder of the year." In ]May, 1695,
the dramatist received the appointment of
Commissioner of Hackney-coaches, worth
only £100 per annum ; while in December
John Dennis published a volume of ' Letters
upon Several Occasions,' in which Congreve
Avas represented by an essay on ' Humour in
Comedy.' To 1695 belongs" also Congreve's
epilogue to Southerne's 'Oroonoko' {q.v.).
He had already begun to write his tragedy,
' The Mourning Bride,' which, however, was
not produced at Lincoln's Inn Fields till
early in 1697. There was some anxiety as
to its reception, but this was quickly dissi-
pated, and the play proved itself, "in the
long run, the most popular of his efforts.
In the controversy raised by Jeremy Collier's
'Short View of the Immorality and Pro-
faneness of the English Stage ' "(1698), Con-
greve, who had been attacked in it. took
part by issuing his ' Amendments of 3Ir.
Collier's False and Imperfect Citations,' in
which he asserted that the greater part of
Collier's examples were "only demonstra-
tions of his own impurity," and were "sweet
enough till tainted by his breath." In
March, 1700, came the production at Lin-
coln's Inn Fields of 'The Way of the World,'
which, despite its wit, was found to have
too little action to fit it for general approval.
In the following year Congreve wrote the
words of a masque, ' The Judgment of Paris '
{q.v.), which was performed at Dorset
Garden, and in 1704 joined Vanbrugh and
Walsh in a translation or adaptation of
Moli6re's 'Monsieur de Pourceaugnac,'
which they called ' Squire Trelooby,' and
which was presented at the New Theatre.
In 1705 Congreve assumed, with Vanbrugh,
the management of the theatre in the Hay-
market, and received the lucrative appoint-
ment of Commissioner of Wine Licences.
His 'Works' (including a three-act opera
called ' Semele,' hitherto unprinted and un-
performed) were published in three volumes
in 1710. His health had for some time been
precarious, and from this date onward it
gradually grew worse, until, in the autumn
of 1728, the upsetting of his coach brought
CONJECTURES
CONQUEST
with it injuries to -nhich he finally suc-
cumbed, in London, on January 19, 1729. He
^Tas buried in Westminster Abbey. A. C.
Swinburne, discussing Congjeve, says : —
"The fame of our greatest comic dramatist
is founded wholly or mainly on but three of
his five plays. His first comedy was little
more than a brilliant study after such models
as were eclipsed by this earliest effort of
their imitator ; and tragedy in his hands
appears rouged and-wTinkled, in the patches
and powder of Lady Wishfort. But his three
great comedies are more than enough to
sustain a reputation as durable as our
language. . . . No English ■writer, on the
whole, has so nearly touched the skirts of
Moliere ; but his s'plendid intelligence is
wantino in the deepest and subtlest quality
which lias won for Moliere from the greatest
poet of his country and our age the tribute
of exact and final definition conveyed in
that perfect phrase which salutes at once
and denotes him — ' ce moqueur pensif
comme un apotre ' " (' Encyclopaedia Britan-
iiica'). For other criticism, see T. Davies'
* Dramatic Miscellanies ' (1784), Hazlitt's \
'Comic Writers' (1S19), Genest's 'English i
Stage' (1832), Macaulay's 'Essays' (1843),
Leigh Hunt's ' Dramatic Works of Congreve, ]
etc' (1S49), Thackeray's 'English Humor-
ists' (1653), A. W. Ward's 'English Dra-
matic Literature' (1875), T. H. Ward's
' English Poets' (ISSO), and A. C. Swinburne's
'Miscellanies' (1SS6). For biography, see
• Biographia Britannica ' (1747-66), T. Cibber's
' Lives of the Poets ' (1753), Johnson's ' Lives
of the Poets ' (1781), ' Biographia Dramatica '
(1812), H. Coleridge's ' Biographia Borealis '
(1833), ' Dictionary of National Biography '
(Leslie Stephen, 1887), and E. Gosse's ' Life
of William Congreve ' (ISSS).
Conjectures. A piece in one act, per-
formed at the Haymarket in 1830.
Conjug-al Lesson (A). "A comic
scene" by H. Dan vers, first performed at
the Olympic Theatre, London, on July 8,
1856, with F. Robson as Simon Lullahy and
Mrs. Stirling as Mrs. Letitia Lullaby; re-
vived at the (Jaiety in February, 1876.
Conjuror (The). (1) A farce by Miles
Peter Andrews (q.v.), produced at Drury
Xane in April, 1774. (2) A farce in three
acts, by Archibald M'Laren, printed in
1781.
Conn. The "shaughraun" in Bouci-
CAULT's play of that name iq.v.) ; and the
leading figure in ' Conn ; or. Out of Sight,
Out of Erin : ' a burlesque of ' The Shaugh-
raun.' written by F. W Green, and pro-
duced at the Alexandra Theatre, Liverpool,
on April 28, 1879. In this piece Conn was
represented by Miss Topsy Venn, with Miss
F. ChalgTove as Moya, F. J. Stimson as
Harvey Duff, and A. Wheatman as Robert
I'follwtt.
Connecticut Yankee (A). A play
hy Mark Twain and H. P. Taylor, per-
formed in U.S.A.
Connemara. A drama of Irish life b\
J. C. Chute, Prince of Wales's Theatre'
Warrington, May 24, 1880.
Connoisseur (The); or, Every Mar
in his Folly. A comedy written by Co
NOLLY, in satire of "virtuosity," acted a'
Drury Lane, and printed in 1736.
Connor, Charles. Actor, died 1826
was educated at Trinity College, Dublin
made his professional debut at Bath abou
1807, and his first appearance in London a
Covent Garden in September, 1816. Amonf
his most notable parts were Filch in ' Th.
Beggar's Opera,' Sir Callaghan in Macklin'
'Love k la Mode,' Terry O'Rourke in 'Th
Irish Tutor,' Julio in Procter's ' Mirandola,
Dennis Brulgruddery in ' John Bull,' Si
Lucius O'Trigger, Looney Mactwolttr, etci
See Oxberry's ' Dramatic Biography ' (1826~i
—His wife was seen at Covent Garden i',
1821 as the Duchess of York in 'Richar
III.' and Servia in ' Virginius.'
Conover, Mrs., was for a time lesse
and manager of the Olympic Theatre, Lor
don, where, in September, 18S6, sheappeare
as Lady Macbeth.
Conquering Game (The). A " petite
comedy in one act, by W. Bayle Bernar
(q-v.), first performed at the Olympic Th'
atre, London, on November 3, 1832, wit
Farren as Charles XII. and other parts t
J. Vining, Selby, Bland, Mrs. Macnamar
and Mdme. Ves'tris.
Conquerors (The). A drama in io\.
acts, by Paul M. Potter (q.v.), first pe^
formed at the Empire Theatre, New Yor ;
January 4, 1893 ; first performed in Englau
at the St. James's Theatre, London, on Api.
14, 1898, with George Alexander as Eric V('
Rodeck, Miss Julia Neilson as Yvonne '■
Grandpre, Miss Fay Davis as Babiole, Fn-
Terry as Hugo, H. B. Irving asJeanBaudi'
and other parts by W. H. Vernon, J. D. Bev
ridge, H. V. Esmond, R. Loraine, etc.
burlesque of this, entitled 'The Con-(I^rer
written by Edgar Smith and Louis 3
Lange, and composed by John Strombei
was produced in New York on March 17, IS
Conquest, Benjamin Oliver. Aci,
and theatrical manager, born in London .
1805 ; died July, 1872 ; made his debut
the former capacity in 1827 at the Pavili
Theatre, E., as Buskin in * KilUng
Murder' {q.v.). His real name was Oliv;
that of Conquest being assumed for stf
purposes. F^om the Pavilion he went <
the Olympic, and in 1830, with two partnc
opened the Garrick Theatre, Leman Stre
E., which was burned down in Novemb
1846. After this he appeared again at i
Olympic. In March, 1S51, he became p
prietor of the Grecian Theatre, of which
retained the management till his dea
He was, in his day, a'very popular comedL,
See Conquest, g'eorge.
Conquest, Georg-e. Actor and pi'
Wright, born 1837 ; son of B. O. Conqu
{q.v.) ; made his first appearance on 1
CONQUEST OF ALGIERS
325
CONSCIOUS LOVERS
age at the Grecian Theatre, London, on
ecember 26, 1857, as Pastrana Nonsu/^h in
'eter Wilkins and the Flying Indians'
.v.). Later (1872) he became manager of
.e Grecian, and, still later (1882), of the
irrey, where he has been the original
presentative of Daniel Gh'oodge in ' Man-
nd ' (1881), Zacky Pastrana in ' For Ever '
1^82), Simmonet and Jagon in 'The
rangers of Paris' (1887), Old Proverb in
L Dead Man's Gold ' (1887), and so forth.
9 has written the following plays :—
)evil on Two Sticks' (1867), 'Rescue on
e Raft ' (1867), ' Obliging a Friend ' (1867),
'he Streets to the Hulks' (1869), ' Gene-
3ve' (1872), and ' The Elixir of Life ' (1873) ;
addition to many pieces produced in
Uaboration with Henry Pettitt (q-v.), Paul
3ritt (5.V.)' Arthur Shirley (g. u. )- and Henry
ry {q.v.), as well as with G. Comer {qv.),
I Craven {q.v.), and Lily Tinsley {q.v.). —
|U son, George Conquest, jun., born 1858,
peared at the Grecian in pantomime in
38, and has since played many original
rts.
ponquest of Alg-iers (The). See
kMAH DROOG.
Conquest of Brute (The). A play
John Day and Henry Chettle, re-
red to in Henslowe's ' Diary,' July, 1598.
Conquest of China by the Tartars
he). A tragedy by Elkanah Settle
v.); written in heroic verse, acted at the
rset Garden in 1674, and printed in 1676.
Robert Howard, it appears, wrote a play
led ' The Conquest of China,' which was
have been revised by Dryden ; but it was
ther acted nor printed.
I!onqtiest of Granada by the
laniards (The). A tragedy in two
■ts, by John Dryden {q.v.), entered on
) Stationers' books in February, 1670-71,
;1 published in 1672. The original cast
; the Theatre Royal included Hart as
nanzor, Mohun as Abdelmelech, Kynaston
••Boabdelin (King of Granada), Beeston as
' nyn, Cartwright as Abcnamar, Wintershal
i Selin, Nell Gwynn as Almahide, IMrs.
^i-shal as Lyndaraxa, INIrs. Bowtel as Ben-
■ da, Littlewood as Ferdinand (King of
liin). Bell as Duke of Arcos, and Mrs.
■nes as Isabel (Queen of Spain). [Nell
' 'ynn spoke the prologue to the first part,
' iring a broad-brimmed hat, in caricature
I one with which Nokes had adorned him-
■ f on a similar occasion, and which had
\ atly entertained the public] " The Moors
i besieged in Granada. Almanzor, who is a
Unger from Africa, performs prodigies of
' our. He persists in his love fov Almahide,
1 Avithstanding that she is married to
-ihdelin. At the conclusion, Boabdelin
|ng killed, there is no longer any obstacle
Uhe union of Almanzor and Almahide"
( mest). The tragedv was revived at Drury
Jie on March 5, 1709, with Powell as
^nanzor, Wilks as Osmyn, Mills as Abdel-
'>'ech. Husband as Boabdelin, Mrs. Knight
' ^yndaraxa, and Mrs. Rogers as Almahide.
Conquest of Mag-dala (The); and
the Fall of Theodore. A spectacular
drama by Stocqueler, Astley's Theatre,
London, September 12, 1868.
Conquest of Spain (The). A tragedy,
founded on ' All's Lost by Lust ' (q.v.),
ascribed to Mrs. Pix, and performed at the
Haymarket in 1705 (Downes).
Conquest of Taranto (The); or,
St. Clara's Eve. An historical play in
three acts, by W. Dimond {q.v.), the music
by Bishop, first performed at Covent Garden
on April 15, 1817. See Rinaldo.
Conquest of the "West Indies
(The). A play by W. Haughton, Went-
WORTH Smith, and J. Day, performed in
1601.
Conrad and Lizette ; or, Life on
the Mississippi. A play in four acts,
Duke's Theatre, London, March 29, 1880.
Conrad and Medora; or, Harle-
quin Corsair and the Little Fairy
at the Bottom of the Sea. A burlesque-
pantomime by W. Brough {q.v.), founded
on the French ballet, 'Le Corsaire,' and
first performed at the Lyceum Theatre,
London, on December 26, 1856, with Mrs. A.
Mellon (Miss Woolgar) as Conrad, Mrs. C.
Dillon as Medora, J. L. Toole as Birbante,
S. Calhaem as Yussuf, Jlrs. B. White as
Gulnare, Miss M. Wilton as Serena (the little
fairy), etc. ; performed at Wallack's Lyceum,
New York, in August, 1857, with a cast in-
cluding John Wood and Mrs. John Wood.
Conscience. A character in the moral-
play of ' Appius and Virginia ' {q.v.).
Conscience. (1) A tragedy translated
by Thomp.son from the German of Iffland,
and printed in 1800. (2) A comedy by
Joseph Aston (? 1767-1844), performed at
the Theatre Royal, Manchester, in 1815.
(3) A tragedy by J. T. Haines, performed
at Drury Lane in February, 1821, with a
cast including Wallack, Cooper, and Mrs.
W. West. (4) A play produced at the
Union Square Theatre, New York, in 1876,
with Miss Clara Morris as Constance. (5)
A drama by Henry Vandenhoff, produced
at the Alexandra Opera House, Sheffield,
November 13, 1877. (6) A play by A. E.
Lancaster, performed in U.S.A.
Conscience Money. A comedy-drama
in three acts, by H. J. Byron {q.v.), first
performed at the Haymarket Theatre, Lon-
don, on September 16, 1878, Avith the author
as Dick Sim2)Son, W. Terriss as Sydney Sefton,
C. Kelly as Fred Damer, R. Pateman as
Sir Archibald Crane, David Fisher, jun., as
Tapery, Miss Pateman as 3Hss Calverley,
Miss Emily Thorne as Mrs. Calverley.
Conscious Lovers (The). A comedy
in five acts, by Sir Richard Steele {q.v.),
first performed at Drury Lane on November
7, 1722, with Booth as young Bevil, Wilks as
Myrtle, C. Cibber as Tom, Griffin as Cimber-
ton, W^illiams as Sealand, Mills as Sir John
Bevil, T. Cibber as Daniel, Mrs. Oldfield
CONSCRIPT
CONSTANCE
as Indiana, Mrs. Booth as Liicinda, Mrs.
Younger as Phillis, Mrs. Moore as Mrs.
Sealand, and Mrs. Thurmond as Isabella.
The outhne of the play had been suggested
by the ' Andria ' of Terence, and Booth,
when at Westminster School, had played
Pamphili'.s— the character to which young
Bevil corresponds. Steele witnessed the first
representation, and, according to Victor,
was charmed with all the performers except
Griffin. The piece was well received, and
performed twenty-six times. In the follow-
ing month it was published with a dedication
to the king, and in the preface Steele de-
clared that " The chief design of this was to
be an innocent performance," and that " the
whole Avas writ for the sake of the scene in
the fourth act, wherein Mr. Bevil evades the
quarrel with his friend." This, of course,
was directed against the practice of duel-
ling. T. Cibber says that the characters of
Tom and Phillis were not in the play as
originally written, and they appear to have
been introduced in response to C Cibber's
remark that the work, as it at first stood, was
"rather too grave for an English audience."
Steele admits that C. Cibber made several
alterations in the comedy before it was
acted, but these, he says, were " to its dis-
advantage." Fielding makes Parson Adams
say : " I never heard of any plays fit for a
Christian to read, but 'Cato'*and 'The
Conscious Lovers ; ' and, I must own, in the
latter there are some things almost solemn
enough for a sermon." " The story of In-
diana and of Bevil's virtuous love for her
might have served," says A. W. Ward, "as
a subject for an Iffland or a Kotzebue. . . .
Old Humphrey is the conventional figure of
the trusty old family servant ; on the other
hand, there is real freshness and humour in
the loves of Tom and Phillis." The comedy
was revived at Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1730,
with Quin as young Bevil ; at Drury Lane in
1736, with Mrs. Cibber as Indiana and Mrs.
Clive as Phillis ; at Covent Garden in 1741,
with Peg "Woifington as Phillis; at Drury
Lane in 1747, with Barry as young Bevil and
Macklin as To7n ; at the same theatre in
1751, with Ross as young Bevil; at Covent
Garden in 1758, with Mrs. Bellamy as In-
diana ; at Drury Lane in 1759, with Mrs.
Abington as Lucinda ; at the same theatre
in 1766, with Mrs. Yates as Indiana and Miss
Pope as Phillis ; at Covent Garden in 1774,
with Lewis as young Bevil and Mrs. Mattocks
as Phillis ; at the same theatre in 17S7, with
Farren as Myrtle and Mrs. Pope as Indiana ;
at Drury Lane in 1796, with Kemble as young
Bevil, Bannister, jun., as Tom, Miss Farren
as Indiana, and Miss Mellon as Phillis ; at
Covent Garden in 1797, with Mrs. Abington
as Phillis ; and at the same theatre in 1810,
with Charles Kemble as young Bevil, Listen
as Cimberton, and Mrs. C. Kemble as Phillis.
Conscript (The). A farce in one act,
bv W. OXBERRY iq.v.), first performed at
the Queen's Theatre, London, on January 18,
1836.
Conscrit (Le). See Bre.'VKING the
Spell.
Consequences. A comedy in three
acts, by Eyre, printed in 1794.
Conspiracy (The). (1) A tragedy by-
Henry Killegrew, acted at Blackfriars i
printed in 1638, and reprinted in 1653 a?' '
' Pallantus and Eudora,' Pallantus bemj^
the chief of the conspirators, and Eudon
the daughter of the reigning king when
they depose. (2) A tragedy in rhymec
verse by \V. Whitaker, performed at Dorse i
Garden in 1680. (3) A tragedy founded oi<
Metastasio's ' Clemency of Titus,' attributecj |
to Jephson (g.v.), and produced at Drur\'
Lane in November, 1796, with a cast in
eluding J. P. Kemble, C. Kemble, Barryj
more, Palmer, and ; Mrs. Siddons. (4) i,
play in four acts, by G. L. Gordon' {q.v.^.
first performed at the Prince of Wales''
Theatre, Liverpool, on June 16, 1882, witlj
a cast including the author and Miss Carri '
Lee Stoyle.
Conspiracy and Trag-edy oi
Charles, Duke of Byron, Marsha'
of Prance (The). Two plays by Georg •
Chapman {q.v.), each in five acts— one dt,
voted to the ' Conspiracy,' the other to th'
' Tragedy ; ' both published in 1608 a*
having been "acted lately at the Blacl'
Friars." " They are founded on the histor
of France in the time of Henry IV. Byro
is represented as a man of great valour, bi
vainglorious. He never thinks his merit
have been sufficiently rewarded. He entei
into a conspiracy with the king's enemie
and is executed for treason " (Genest
Swinburne describes the two plays as ''
small epic in ten books or acts," " tl
noblest memorial we have of its author
original powers." "We close the book,
he says, " with a full and satisfied sense <
severe delight in the deep inner music whic
sounds on in the mind's ear after study •
the thought and passion which inform i
. . . Upon the two high figures of the ma
shal and the king Chapman has expends
his utmost power ; and they confront ea<
other on his page in gigantic outline. . .
The high poetic austerity of this work as
now stands is all the more striking from tl
absence of any female element ; the quei
appears in the fourth act of the second pa'
as little more than a dumb figure ; tl-
whole interest is political, and the whc
character is masculine, of the action a;:
the passion on which the poet has fixed o
attention and concentrated his own. :
passage now cancelled, in which the que
and Mademoiselle de Verneuil were broug'
forward, and the wife gave the mistress
box on the ear, had naturally drawn do^
a remonstrance from the French arabi
sador who saw the domestic life of I'
master's court presented with such singui
frankness of exposition to the contempore'
eyes of London playgoers ; and at his
stigation the play was not unreasonal^
prohibited."
Constance. (1) A play by Robk.
Buchanan iq.v.). first performed at "
lack's Theatre, New York, in Novemb
CONSTANCE
CONSTANTINE THE GREAT
i84, ■with E. J. Henley as the Duke
■'Azafilio, Osmond Tearle as Fevered, Her-
jrt Kelcey as Captain Ilarloive, Mdine.
"onisi as Mrs. Melville, and Miss Rose
oghlan as Lady Constance Harlowe. (2)
n opera written by T. W. Robertson and
)mposed by Frederick Clay.
Constance. (1) Widow of Geoffrey,
like of Bretagne, and mother to Arthur,
: 'King John' (q.v.). (2) Daughter of
rhe Provost of Bruges' in Sheridan
NOWI.ES'S play so named (q.v.). (3)
aughter of Sir William Fondlove in She-
IDAN Knowles'S ' Love Chase ' (q.v.). (4)
1 Browning's 'In a Balcony' {q.v.). (5)
tie heroine of J. Mortimer's ' Heartsease '
'.v.). (6) Daughter of the pew-opener in
ilbert and Sullivan's 'Sorcerer' {q.v.).
') The heroine of Stephens and Solomon's
;;;iaude Duval' {q.v.). (8) A character in
)me English versions of ' The Three Muske-
ers '(?.!'.).
Constance Frere. A play by Her-
ert Gough and Morris Edwards,
audeville Theatre, London, June 27, 1887.
Constant. (1) Sir Bashful and Lady
onstant are characters in Murphy's ' Way
. Keep him' (q.v.). (2) ^'cd Constant, in
jANBRUGH'S 'Provoked Wife' (q.v.), is a
iver of Lady Brute. (3) Captain Constant,
i Fielding's ' Coffee-house Politician,' is
ilove with Ililaret.
Constant Couple (Th.e) ; or, A Trip
D the Jubilee. A comedy in five acts,
f George Farqlhar(7.v.)> ^rst performed
-; Drury Lane Theatre " at the latter end "
,ays Genest) of 1C99. The cast comprised
l^ilks as Sir Harry Wildair, Powell as
plonel Staridard, Pinkethman as Beau
iincher, Johnson as Alderman Smufi(jler,
ullock as Clincher, jun., Norris as Dicky,
AUs as Vizard, Haines as Tom Errand,
Ts. Verbruggen as Lady Lureivell, ^Mrs.
core as Parly, Mrs. Rogers as Angelica,
id Mrs. Powell as Lady Darling. The
Biographia Dramatica ' (1S02) accuses Far-
jahar of taking the characters of Lady Lxire-
Vll and Colonel Standard, the incident of
kau Clincher and Tom Errand's change of
othes, and "other circumstances," from
publication called ' The Adventures of
ovent Garden,' issued in 1699. Genest says
lat Lady Lurewell and the outlines of the
10 Clinchers were borrowed from ' ^Madam
ickle ' (1696) {q.v.). He adds that " Norris,
om his peculiar happiness in hitting off the
laracter of Dicky, lost his own name of
enry, and was frequently called in the
Jaybills Jubilee Dicky." Farquhar attri-
|ited the success of the play to Wilks's
;ting. Certain it is that that success
rought him three "benefit" nights. The
ece was revived at Lincoln's Inn Fields in
'31, with Ryan as Sir Harry and Quin as
fandard; at Drury Lane in 1739, with
fiffard as Sir Harry, Havard as Standard,
acklin as Beau Clincher, and Mrs. Giffard
.; Lady Ltirewell ; at Covent Garden in
'40, with Peg Woffington as Sir Harry,
ibber, jun., as Beau Clincher, and Mrs.
Bellamy as Angelica ["Sir Harry Wildair
acted by a woman was a novelty. Mrs.
Woffington represented the character with
so much ease, elegance, and propriety of
deportment, that no male actor has since
equalled her in it. She acted it twenty
times the first season "] ; at Drury Lane in
174-2 with Mrs. Clive as Lady Lureicell, in
1743 with Garrick as Sir Harry and Peg
Woffington as Lady Lurev:ell, in 1762 with
O'Brien as Sir Harry and Mrs. Yates as
Lady Lureivell, in 1771 with Mrs. Barry as
Sir Harry Sind Mrs.Baddeley as Lady Lure-
rvell, in 1776 with :\Irs. Greville as Sir Harry,
Palmer as Standard, and King as Beau
Clincher, in 1779 with Miss Walpole as Sir
Hai-ry, Palmer as Beau Clincher, and Miss
Pope as Lady Lurewell ; at Covent Garden
in 1785, with Lewis as Sir Harry and Quick
as Beau Clincher ; at Drury Lane in 1783,
with Mrs. Jordan as Sir Hai-ry, Bannister,
jun., as Beau Clincher, Suett as Clincher,
jun., and Mrs. Kemble as Angelica ; at the
Haymarket in 1789, with ]Mrs. Goodall as
Sir Harry ; at Drury Lane in 1805, with Ellis-
ton as Sir Harry, Barrymore as Standard,
Bannister a^- Beau Clincher, Dowton as
Smuggler, and Miss Mellon a.s Angelica ; and
at the Haymarket in 1820, with Mrs. ilardyn
as Sir Harnj and Terry as Smuggler.
Constant Maid (The). (I) A comedy
by James Shirley {q.v.), acted at " the
Nursery in Covent Garden," and first printed
in 1G40. (2) A ballet performed at the
Royalty Theatre, London, in January, 1788.
Constant Nymph (The); or, The
Rambling- Shepherd. A play in rhymed
verse, licensed in August. 1677, and per-
formed at Dorset Garden, with Mrs. Better-
ton as Alveria (the nymph), Mrs. Mary Lee
as Astativ.s (the shepherd), and other parts
by Mrs. Barry, Sandford, Medbourne, etc.
Constantia. (1) Daughter of Dondhert
in 'The Birth of Merlin' {q.v.). (2) Sister
of Petruccio in Beaumont and Fletcher's
'Chances' (q.v.). (3) Coiistantia, in Mack-
LlN's Man of the World ' {q.v.), is in love
with Egerton M'Sycophant. (4) Constantia
li'eville, in 'She Stoops to Conquer' (q.v.).
Constantine and "Valeria. A play
by Jo.\NNA Baillie, produced at the Surrey
Theatre (London), Liverpool, Edinburgh
(1820), DubUn, etc.
Constantine the Great ; or, The
Tragedy of Love. A play by Na-
thaniel Lee, performed at the Theatre
Royal in 1684, with Smith in the title
part, Betterton as Crispus, Mrs. Barry as
Fausta, Griffin as Dabnatius, Goodman
as Annibal, Gillow as Arius, Wiltshire
as Lycinitis, and Mrs. Cook as Serena.
The epilogue was by Dryden. The cha-
racters are historical, but the incidents
fictitious. " Constantine is represented as
in love with Fausta, and contracted to her.
Crispus, his son, not knowing this, marries
her. Constantine threatens Crispus and
Fausta with death ; but at last and with
great difficulty he gets the better of his
I
CONSTANTIUS
328
CONTRAST
love, and resigns Fausta to his son"
(Genest). (2) ' Constantine : ' a tragedy by
Dr. Francis, adapted from the French,
and performed at Covent Garden in Feb-
ruary, 1754, with Barry as the Emperor,
Smith as Aurelian, Miss Bellamy as Fulvia
(wife of Const antint), etc. In this instance,
also, the plot is unhistorical.
Constantius. A son of Constantine in
MiDDLETON's ' Mayor of Queenborough.'
Constanza. Daughter of Fernando de
Azevida, disguised as a young Spanish gipsy,
and called by the name of Pretiosa, in
MiDDLETON's 'Spanish Gipsy' (q.v.).
Consultation. A play performed at
the Haymarket in April, 1705.
Contempt of Court. (1) An operetta
written by Arthur Matthison, and com-
posed by Edward Solomon, first performed
at the Folly Theatre, London, May 5, 1877,
with Furneaux Cook as the ISIagistrate,
Wyatt as the Defendant, Mdme. Dolaro as
the Plaintiff (Amelia Tarton), and Miss
Harriett Coveney as her mamma. (2) A
comedy in three acts, by Dion Boucicault
iq.v.), adapted from ' Le Rt^veillon,' with an
act of 'Americans in Paris' {q.v.) interpo-
lated, and first performed in London at the
Marylebone Theatre, on October 1, 1879;
produced at Wallack's Theatre, New York,
on October 4, 1879, with a cast including
Miss Ada Dyas, H. Beckett, and others.
See Committed for Trial.
Contending Brothers (The). See
Twin Rivals.
Contented Woman (A). A four-act
farce corned v, by CHARLES H. Hoyt, Star
Theatre, Buffalo, September 2, 1895 ; New
York City, Hoyt's Theatre, January 4, 1897.
Contention between Liberality
and Prodig-ality (The). A "pleasant
comedie, play'd before Her Majestic,"
printed anonymously in 1602.
Contention between the Two
Famous Houses of York and Lan-
caster (The). See Henry VI.
Contention for Honour and
Riches. See Honoria and Mammon.
Contention of Ajax and Ulysses
for the Armour of Achilles (The).
An interlude by James Shirley {q.v.\
" taken from the 13th book of Ovid's ' Meta-
morphoses,' " and printed in 1659.
Contest of Beauty and "Virtue
(The). A play adapted from Metastasio,
and set to music by Dr. Arne ; performed at
Covent Garden in honour of the royal
nuptials in 1773, and printed in that year.
Contest, Sir Adam. The leading
character in Mrs. Inchbald'S 'Wedding
Day'(3.u.).
Contested Election (The). A comedy
by Tom Taylor (^.r.), suggested by some
contemporary election proceedings, and first
performed at the Haymarket Theatre,
London, on June 29, 1859, with J. B. Buck-
stone as Peckover, H. Compton as Honeybun
W. Farren as Wapshott, C. J. Mathews as
Dodgson, Mrs. Charles Mathews as Mrs.
Honeybun, Miss Fanny Wright as Clara
Honeybun, Rogers as Topper, Braid as
Gathercole, Clark as Spitchcock.
Contrabandista (The). An opera in
two acts, libretto by F. C. Burnand
(founded partly on a farce written by
him and 3I0NTAGU Williams), music
by Arthur Sullivan, first performed at St.
George's Hall, Langham Place, London, on
December 18, 1867, with Miss Lucy Franklein
as Inez de Roxas, Miss Arabella Smyth as
Rita, Aynsley Cook as San JosS, Shaw as
Mr. Grigg, etc. This work was afterwards
revised and extended by the author and
composer, and reproduced in that form as
'The Chieftain '(?. v.).
Contract. The name of an alderman
and his son (a pugilist) in Beazley's
' Boarding House ' {q.v.).
Contract (The). (1) A play performed
at Lincoln's Inn Fields in April, 1731. (2) A
comedy in two acts, by Dr. Thomas Franck-
lin, founded on Destouches' 'L' Amour
Usd,' and performed at the Haymarket
Theatre in June, 1776. (3) A farce by
Cobb, performed at Drury Lane Theatre in
April, 1779 ; played afterwards as ' The Fe-
male Captain.' (4) A comic opera by
Robert Houlton, acted at Dublin in 1783.
(5) A drama in five acts, by H. C. Hillier,
Theatre Royal, Margate, June 6, 1887.
Contrariety. A farce, printed in 1796.
Contrary Winds. An operetta, U-
bretto by Frederick Wood, music by
George Fox, New Theatre, July 24, 1882.
Contrast (The) ; " or, A tragical comica]
Rehearsal of Two Modern Plays, and the
Tragedy of Epaminondas." A play by Drs
Benjamin and John Hoadly {q.v.), acted
at Lincoln's Inn Fields in April, 1731. "H
was intended," says the ' Biographia Dra
matica,' " to ridicule the then living poets
among whom we find, by the ' Grub Stree'
Journal,' Mr. Thomson, author of 'Tb
Seasons,' was to be numbered. At the desiri
of Bishop Hoadly it was suppressed, anc;
every scrap of paper, copy, and parts re
called by Mr. Rich, and restored to thi
authors. Mr. Fielding availed himsel
afterwards of the same design in his cele
brated and popular pp-formance callei
'Pasquin'" {q.v.). (2) . . "dramatic pas
toral," printed in 1752. (3) A farce b
Waldron, acted once at Drury Lane (Ma;
12, 1775). (4) A comedy in five acts, b
ROYALL Tyler {q.v.), first performed a
John Street Theatre, New York, on April K
1787, and remarkable as " the first America
play which had ever been got up on a regula
stage, by a regular company of comedians.
"The comedy," says Dunlap, "is extreme)
deficient in plot, dialogue, or incident, bi
has some marking in the characters, an
in that of Jonathan, played by Wignell, '
degree of humour, and knowledge of wh;
is termed Yankee dialect." The play wi
I
CONTRE-BASSE
CONWAY
rinted in 1790, with a title page drawing
;tention to the fact that the author was an
merican citizen, while the prologue called
pen the audience to rejoice in the fact that
ere was a play which might be properly
Uied their own (' Biographia Dramatica ')•
-* Contrast : ' a play adapted by Miss Mar-
CBT from the French of Decourcelle and
-hiboust, and performed in the United
bates in 1888.
Contre-Basse (La). See Base Im-
aSTOR.
Contretems (The) ; or, The Rival
[pUeens. An anonymous farce, printed
1 1727. It was not intended for representa-
on, being written only in ridicule of the
mfusion which at that time reigned in the
ing's Theatre in the Haymarket, in conse-
Lience of the contest for superiority between
le two celebrated prime dorme, Signore
austina and Cuzzoni.
Contrivances (The) ; or, More
;Vays than One. A ballad farce in one
:ct, by Henry Carey, first performed at
>rury Lane in August, 1715.
Convent Belles. A play by Edward
'ITZBALL, produced at the Olympic Theatre,
,ondon, 1841-44.
Convent of Pleasure (The). A
omedv by the DucHESs of Newcastle,
rinted in 1668.
Conversion of Eng-land (The). An
istorical drama by the Rev. Hp:nry Cress-
tell, first performed in the ])arish room of
■t. Peter, Vauxhall, London, in 1885 ; after-
wards performed at Claphani, Croydon,
;urbiton, and (January, 189S) in the Great
lall of the Church House, Westminster.
Conversion of Saul (The). A six-
eenth-century "mystery," first printed in
835.
Convert (The). A play in four acts,
ranslated by Constance Garnett from the
lussian of Sergius Stepniak, and per-
ormed at the Avenue Theatre, London,
>n June 14, 1898, with a cast including
^aurence Irving. C. Charrington, Mrs.
Cheodore Wright, INIiss INIargaret Halstan,
vliss Suzanne Sheldon, etc.
Converts (The) ; or, The Folly of
Priestcraft. A comedy, printed in 1690.
Jee Langbaiue.
Convict (The). (1) A play performed
it the City of London Theatre in November,
838. (2) A drama by C. H. STEPHENSON,
^aviUon Theatre, London, February 1,1863.
3) A drama by H. Neville, Royal Amphi-
iheatre, Liverpool, August 3, 1868. (4) A
play by Ida M. Colford, produced in
U.S.A.
Convict's Wife (The). See Marah.
Conway, Henry B. Actor, born 1850 ;
mde his professional ddbut at the Olympic
rheatre, London, in December, 1872, as the
anginal Bernard in Yates and Dubourg's
'Without Love' (q.v.). The characters of
which he was afterwards the first repre-
sentative include :—Cou7it de Flamarens in
'Philip' (Lyceum, 1874), Fred Meredith in
'Brothers' (Court, 1876), Faustus in
'Gretchen' (Olympic, 1879), Sir Geoffrey
Deene in 'Duty' (1879), Philip Eden in
' Odette ' (Haymarket, 1882), Captain Fan-
shaw in ' Saints and Sinners ' (Vaudeville,
1884), Faust in Wills's ' Faust ' (Lyceum,
1835), Lord Archibald in Calmour's 'Love's
Martyrdom' (Criterion, 1886), Joseph
Andrews in 'Joseph's Sweetheart ' (Vaude-
ville, 1888), Frank Blandish in 'The Widow
Winsome' (Criterion, 1888), and Herbert
Daring in ' The Honourable Herbert ' (Vau-
deville, 1891). He was also in the original
casts of ' A Bridal Tour ' (1880), ' A Lesson '
(1881), ' Devotion ' (1884), ' Evergreen ' (1884),
'The Opal Ring' (1885), 'Phyllis' (1889),
Tresahar's ' Catspaw ' (1889), ' Dick Wilder '
(1S91), and ' Diamond Deane ' (1891). He
has been seen in London, at the Lyceum,
as Francois in ' Richelieu ' (1873), Christian
in ' The Bells ' (1874), Lord Moray in Wills's
' Charles I.' (1874), and Osric (1874) ; at the
Haymarket, as Dick Doivlas (1875), Romeo
(1876), Orlando (1876), Lucio in ' Measure for
Measure' (1876), and Sebastian in 'Twelfth
Night' (1878); at the Aquarium, as Squire
Thornhill (1878) ; at the Prince of Wales's,
as Julian Beauclerc in ' Diplomacy ' (1878) ;
at the Haymarket, as Alfred Evelyn, Lord
Beanfoy, and Captain Absolute (1880), Sir
Charles Pomander, Sidney Daryl, and D>i
Neuville (1881), Angus McAllister (1882),
George D'Alroy (1883), and Captain Bradford
in 'Peril' (1884); at the Court, as Douglas
Winthrop in ' Young Mrs. Winthrop ' (1884),
and Fawley Denham in ' The Denhams '
(1885) ; at the Strand, as Sir John Melvil in
•The Clandestine Marriage' (1887); at the
Vaudeville, as Lord Islay in ' Fascination '
(1888) ; at the Gaiety, as Philip Selwyn in
' A Fool's Paradise ' (1889) ; and at the
Vaudeville, as Mumpleford in ' Confusion,'
and 2'o»i Fashion in 'Miss Tomboy ' (1891).
Conway, Hugh[F. J. Fargus]. Novelist
and playwright, born 1848, died 1885. See
Called Back and Dark Days.
Conway, "William Augustus.
Actor, born 1789, died 1828 ; educated at
Barbadoes ; made his professional d4but at
Chester, and, after various provincial en-
gagements, made his first appearance ia
London at Covent Garden on October 4,
1813, as Alexander the Great. At this the-
atre, between 1813 and 1815, he was seen as
Othello, Romeo, Henry V., Coriolanus, An-
tony (' Julius Caesar'), Macbeth, Posthumus,
Petruchio, Orlando, Richmorid, FauleoU'
bridge, and Macduff; also, as Jaffier, young
Norval, young Fashion, Alonzo ('The Re-
venge'), Rolla, George Barmvell, Comus,
Beverley ('The Gamester'), and Pizarro.
From 1815 to 1821 he was at Bath. In the
latter year he acted at the Haymarket as
Lord Toivnly, Doricourt, etc., and, it is
said, was so indignant at certain new.spaper
comments on his work, that he decided ta
leave the stage, However, in JS23, he was
CONYERS
330
COOKE
offered and accepted an engagement in
New York, where he appeared for the first
time on January 12, 1S24. He tignred in a
round of his chief parts, but before very
long, it would seem, broke down mentally,
throwing himself overboard one day in 1828
while on his way to Charleston harbour.
Genest says of him that he "was awkwardly
tall, but his fiue figure was of service to
him in Coriolamis and such characters.
In 'The Libertine' he looked the part to
perfection. On the whole, he was a good
actor." Criticisms on his acting will be
found in Hazlitt's ' View of the English
Stage,' and there are several references to
him in Macready's 'Eeminiscences.' See,
also, Ireland's ' New York Stage.'
Conyers, Addie. Actress ; made her
first appearance in London at the Vaudeville
Theatre in ' A Wet Day ' (1884). In the re-
vival of ' Don Juan Junior ' at the Avenue
in 1888 she played Ilaidee, and she followed
Miss :SIav Yohe at the Lyric Theatre as
the hero of 'Little Christopher Columbus'
iq.v.). She has had much experience in
the English provinces, America, South
Africa, and Australia.
Cook, Alice Aynsley. Actress and
vocalist ; was the original Zerlina in ' Don
Giovanni in Venice ' (Gaiety, London, 1873).
At the Prince's, Manchester, she was in
the first cast of Alfred Cellier's ' Nell
G\vynne ' {q.v.) and ' Tower of London '
iq.v.) ; and at the Court Theatre, Liver-
pool, she was the original Alice in Stanis-
laus' 'Lancashire Witches' {q.v.). At the
London Gaiety in 1881 she was the first
representative of Dolly in Lutz's ' All in the
Downs ' {q.v.).
Cook, Captain. See Death of Cap-
tain Cook.
Cook, Ed-ward Button. Theatrical
critic and miscellaneous writer, born 1S29,
died 1S83 ; was the author of ' A Book of
the Plav ' (1876), ' Hours with the Players '
(1S81), ' Nights at the Play ' (1883), ' On the
atage ' (lhS3), and contributions to the
' Dictionary of National Biogi-aphy.' He
■wrote criticisms of the theatre for the ' Pall
Mall Gazette' from 1867 to 1875, and for
♦ The World' from 1875 to 1883. With Leo-
pold Lewis, he was the author of a play
called ' The Dove and the Serpent ' {q.v.).
Cook, Fxirneaux. Actor and vocalist ;
■was the original representative of Peter in
♦Cinderella the Younger' (1871), Batifol in
' La Belle Normande ' (18S1), the Lord Mayor
in ' The Great Mogul ' (1881), Farmer Bow-
man in ' The Merry Duchess' (1883), Squire
Bantam in ' Dorothy ' (1886).
Cook, Thomas Aynsley. Actor and
vocalist, born 1832, died 1894 ; made his
London debut at Drury Lane Theatre in
September, 1852. He was a member suc-
cessively of the National English, Pyne and
Harrison, Parepa-Rosa and Carl Rosa opera
companies, of the last of which he was a
member from its inception in 1872 till his
death. Among his original parts were Sir
Temple Griffin in ' Lord Bateman ' (1882),
Alimanes in ' The Golden Ring ' (1883), and
Schnajyjis in 'The Beggar-Student' (1884).
His repertory included many of the bass
parts in the works of Weber, Meyerbeer,
Verdi, Benedict, Wallace, Balfe, and so
forth. He was especially popular as General
Boom in 'The Grand Duchess' and Devils-
hoof in ' The Bohemian Girl. '—Mrs. Aynsley
Cook [Harriett Payne], actress and vocahst,
born 1S32, died 18S9, made her first metro-
politan appearance at Covent Garden The-
atre in August, 1862, as Beatrice in ' The Rose
of Castile.' She was in the cast of Aubefs
•The Ambassadress' (1868) and of Halli-
day's ' Lady of the Lake ' (1872).
Cooke, Ed-ward (temp. Charles II.);
author of a tragedy entitled ' Love's Tri-
umph' {q.v.), printed in 1678.
Cooke, Georg-e. Actor, born 1811, died
1S63 ; was in the original casts of Brough's
'Masaniello' (1857), W. Collins's 'Light-
house' (1857), Brough's 'Doge of Duralto'
(1857), T. Taylor's ' Going to the Bad ' (1858)
and ' The Porter's Knot ' (1S58), Byron's ' Ma-
zeppa ' (1858), T. Taylor's ' Retained for the
Defence ' (1859) and ' Payable on Demand,' •
and Oxenford's ' Uncle Zachary ' (1860)— all
at the Olympic Theatre, -where, in 1861, he .
played Damas in ' The Lady of Lyons.' J. A.
Cave says that " George Cooke used to play ,
generous uncles and good-natured guardians i
in comedy and farce with an unction and :
genial humour all his own " (' Dramatic Life i
and Incident').
Cooke, George Frederick. Actor,
born at Westminster, April 17, 1756 ; son of'
an officer; educated at Berwick-on-Tweed, '
and afterwards apprenticed to a printer.;
He made his first appearance as an actor at
Brentford in 1776 as Dv.mont in ' Jane Shore.'
His metropolitan debut took place at the
Haymarket in the spring of 1778 as Castalio
in ' The Orphan.' Between that date and
the autumn of 1779 he was seen at the same
theatre as Modeley in ' The Country Lasses,'
Young Belmont in ' The 'F own&lmg,' Lovewell
in 'The Clandestine Marriage.' ?ind Glenalvon
in ' Douglas. ' During the next twenty years.
or so, his energies were confined to the
provinces as a member either of stock or
of strolling companies. In 1784 he was va
Manchester, playing P7i?7otes in 'The Greciar
Daughter,' Sir Peter Teazle, etc., and in
Liverpool, figuring as Frankley in 'Th(
Suspicious Husband,' etc. He had already
acquired those habits of bibulous exces:,
which were destined to mar his career an(
reputation. In 1786 at York he playec
Count Baldwin to Mrs. Siddons' Isabella
In 1788 at Newcastle he enacted Othello anc:
Richard 111., in 1791 at Buxton Joseph Sur
face, in 1792 at Liverpool Lear, and in 179;
at Buxton Hotspur, Petruchio, Jaques, Si
George Airy, Harry Dornton, etc. Fror;
November, ^1794, to"^ March, 1795, he was i]
Dublin, where he was seen as Macbeth, Shi,
lock, Zanga, and so forth. At this junctur*
"in a fit of drunkenness and despair h
enlisted as a private in a regiment destine
COOKE
331
COOKE
for the West Indies." Illness, however,
prevented his embarking, and his discharge
from the array was purchased by the
managers of the Manchester Theatre, where
he reappeared in March, 1796, as Octavian
in ' The Mountaineers.' In the same year
he man'ied Miss Daniels, an actress, who
soon afterwards divorced him. In 1797 he
was again in Dublin, playing lago in ' The
Stranger,' etc. He remained in Dublin till
1800, when he was engaged by the manage-
ment of Covent Garden. At that theatre,
on October 31, he made his etitree as Richard
III., at once securing the approval of the
audience and the critics. He continued
to act at Covent Garden (with intervals
spent in the provinces) till 1810. During
that period he figured successively as Sir
Archy MacSarcasm ('Love h la Mode'),
Kitely (' Every Man in his Humour '), Sir
\Giles Overreach, Sticlcely ('Gamester'), Fal-
Istaff C Henry IV.'), Sir Pertinax MacSyco-
\phant, Falstaff (' Merry Wives '), Sir Edward
[Mortimer (' Iron Chest), Pierre (' Venice Pre-
served'), Bajazet, Ilainh't, Cato, Cornus, King
iJohn, Pizarro, Macduff, Hribert, Coriolanus,
Jachimo, Major Oakley ('Jealous Wife'),
Prospero, Don Felix ('The Wonder'), and
Jlenry VIII., in addition to some characters
'already represented by him in the country.
'He was also in the original casts of ' John
•Bull ' {Peregrine), ' The School of Reform '
\{Lord Avon'dale), and some less well known
(pieces. At Birmingham in 1801 Cooke
:played Rolla, and at Glasgow in 1807 Lord
Townly. " The trouble which Cooke'.s be-
haviour about this time, and perhaps before,
gave to the managers, must have been im-
measurable. They could not calculate upon
him from one hour to another. Sometimes,
when they supposed him to be sober, he
came to the theatre, and created riot and
confusion, by insisting upon going before
the public, utterly incompetent to per-
iform that for which he was pledged"
l(Genest). Accepting an engagement to
jappear in America, Cooke made his d<!but
(there, in New York, on November 21. 1810,
jbefore a crowded and excited audience, as
.Richard III., which was followed by a round
of his best parts. From New York he went
to Boston (January, 1811), Philadelphia
(March, ISll), Balthnore (June, ISll), and
Providence (July, ISI'2), making return visits
from time to time at all these places. It
was at Providence that he made his last
professional appearance. He was destined
soon to pay the penalty of his inconquerable
devotion to drink, dying at New York on
the 27th of September in the last-nam.ed
year. He had married in June, ISll, a widow
named Behn. See ' Memoirs of George Fred.
Cooke,' by William Dunlop (1813). which
include extracts from Cooke's manuscript
journals, Oxberry's ' Dramatic Biography '
(182(i), M. Kallv's 'Reminiscences' (1826),
Genest's ' English Stage ' (1832), J. Taylor's
'Records of My Life' (1832), Macready's
'Reminiscences' (1875), etc. "Cooke,"
wi-ote Charles Lamb in 1801, "has 2^oivers,
but not discrimination. His manner Is
strong, coarse, and vigorous, and well
adapted to some characters. But the loftv
imagery and high sentiments and high
passions of Poetry come black and prose-
smoked from his prose Life." Leigh Hunt,
writing in 1807, said of Cooke : " He can do
nothing without artifice. His looks and hi.s
tones invariably turn him from the very
appearance of virtue. ... It is for these
reasons that his gentlemen in sentimental
comedy become so awkward and inefficient ;
that his Jaques in ' As You Like It,' instead
of being a moralizing enthusiast, is merely
a grave scoffer, and that his Macbeth, who
ought to be at least a majestic villain, ex-
hibits nothing but a desperate craftiness.
Of his Hamlet one would Avillingly spare the
recollection. The most accomplished cha-
racter on the stage is converted into an
unpolished, obstinate, sarcastic madman.
. . . Mr. Cooke is great in the hypocrisy
that endeavours to conceal itself by serious-
ness, as in lago and Stukely, in the hypocrisy
that endeavours to conceal itself by gaiety
and sarcasm, as in Sir Archy MacSarcasm,
and, lastly, in the most impudent hypo-
crisy, such as that of Sir PerLinax Mac-
Sycophant and of Richard the Third. I do
not think he can l)e called a great tragedian,
though he performs Richard so excellently.
Much of this character is occupied by the
display of a confident dissimulation, Avhich
is something very different from tlie dignity
of tragedy. . . . His principal faults are con-
fined to his person, for they consist in a
monotonous gesture and ' very awkward
gait'" ('Performers of the London The-
atres'). "Cooke, compared with Kean,
had " (Hazlitt thought) " only the slang and
bravado of tragedy." On the other hand, in
Kean's opinion, Cooke "had never been ex-
celled ... a perfect actor." See, also,
Robson'3 ' Old Playgoer ' (1846).
Cooke, J. F. See Casual Acquaint-
ance.
Cooke, John (temp. James I.) ; author
of a comedy entitled ' Greene's Tu Quoque '
(q.v.), printed in 1599.
Cooke, Miss. See West, Mrs. W.
Cooke, Tliomas. Dramatic and mis-
cellaneous writer, died 1756 ; published in
1734 a translation of the works of Terence,
and in 1746 a version of Plautus' ' Amphi-
tryon.' He was also the author of several
dramatic pieces, including ' Albion ' (1724),
' The Triumphs of Love and Honour ' (1731),
* The Eunuch ' (1737), ' The Mournful Nup-
tials ' (1739), and, with Mottley, ' Penelope'
(1728).
Cooke, Thomas Potter. Actor, born
April, 1786, died April, 1864 ; son of a .sur-
geon ; joined the navy in 1796, and left it
to become an actor. His histrionic d^but
appears to have been made at the Royalty
in January, 1804. He was next employed at
Astley's, the Lyceum, the Surrey, and Drury
Lane, where lie figured in 1816 in the original
casts of Maturin's ' Manuel ' and Soane's
' Castle Spectre.' His first marked success
was made at the Lyceum in 1820 as Ruthven
COOKE
COOPER
in 'The Vampire' iq.v.^; his next was at
the same theatre in 1821 as Birk Hatteraick
in 'The Witch of Derncleugh' (q.v.). In
1822 at Covent Garden he "was in the first cast
of J. H. Payne's ' All Pasha' and Planch^'s
' Maid Marian.' At the Adelphi in 1823 he
•was the Monster in ' Presumption ; or, The
Fate of Frankenstein '—a rule which he
played at the Porte St. Martin Theatre.
Paris, in 1825. To the latter year belongs
his Long Tom Coffin in 'The Pilot' at the
Adelphi. The apex of his career was
reached when in 1829 he appeared at the
Surrey as William in 'Black-Ey'd Susan'
(g.i'.). tlie character with which his name
will always be most closely associated, and
in which he appeared several hundred times.
In 1834-35 he was at Drury Lane, and in
1836 at Covent Garden. One of the latest
of his original parts was that of Harry Hal-
yard in Haines's 'Poll and My Partner Joe'
(Adelphi, 1S57). His last appearance as an
actor was made at a benefit performance at
Covent Garden on March 29, 1860. "T. P.
Cooke's thorough heartiness, ' go,' and phy-
sical activity were," Westland Marston says,
"the grounds of his success " (' Our Recent
Actors ').
Cooke, Thomas Simpson. Musical
composer, instrumentalist, and vocalist ; born
Dublin, 1782, died London, 184S ; became in
1797 orchestral conductor of Crow-street
Theatre, Dublin. He made his metropolitan
debut at the Lyceum Theatre in July, 1813,
&?, the Seraslcier in 'The Siege of Belgrade'
iq.v.), and in September, 1815, appeared at
Drury Lane as Don Carlos in ' The Duenna.'
At the latter playhouse he remained for
many years as leading tenor and, latterly,
as le'ader of the band. He was afterwards
engaged as musical director at Drury Lane
and Covent Garden. He wrote the music
for the following dramatic pieces :— ' Frede-
rick the Great '(1814), 'The King's Proxy'
(1815), 'The Count of Anjou' (1816), 'The
Wager' (1825), ' Oberon ' (1826), ' Malvina '
(1826), ' The Boy of Santillane ' (1827). ' The
Brigand' (1S29), 'Peter the Great' (1829),
' The Dragon's Gift' (1830). ' The Ice Witch '
(1831), 'Hyder Ali ' (1831), 'St. Patrick's
Eve' aS32), ' King Arthur' (1835), and, with
Bochsa, ' A Tale of Other Times ' (1822) ;
besides contributing new numbers to many
foreign operas adapted to the London stage.
See the ' Dictionary of ilusic and Musicians '
(1879).
Cooke, William. Dramatic and mis-
cellaneous writer, died 1824 ; author of
' The Elements of Dramatic Criticism '
(1775), and of ' Memoirs ' of Charles Macklin
(1804) and Samuel Foote (1805). He also
adapted Beaumont and Fletchers ' Scornful
Lady' under the title of 'The Capricious
LadV' (1783). See ' Biographia Dramatica'
(1812).
CooL A character in ' AU's Right '
(q.v.). (2) A valet in Boucicault's ' London
Assurance' (q.v.).
Cool as a Cucum.T3er. A farce in
one act, by Blanxhard Jerrold (q.v.),
first performed at the Lyceum Theatre
London, on March 24, 1851, with C. j'
Mathews as Plumper, Miss Baker as Jessy
Honiton, Baker as Mr. Barkins, Bellingham .
as Fred Barkins, and ]Miss Martindale as '
Wiggins. Mathews wrote a French version
of this piece, which he called ' L' Anglais
Timide,' and in which he appeared in Paris
in 1863. ' Cool as a Cucumber ' was performed
at the Gaiety, London, in November, 1872.
Plumper has been played in America by
John Drew the younger.
Coolcard. A character in Jerrold's
' Catspaw ' (q.v.)
Cooley, Hill. A retired East Indian
in Bayle Ber.xard's ' Evil Genius' (q.v.).
Coom.ara. " King of the Merrows " in
Palgrave Simpson and F. C. Burxand's
fairy extravaganza of that name (q.v.).
Cooper (The). A farce, adapted from
' Le Tonnelier,' set to music by Dr. Arne,
and first performed at the Haymarket
Theatre, London, in June, 1772.
Cooper, Elizabeth. Author of two
dramatic pieces, 'The Rival Widows' and
' The Nobleman,' printed in 1735 and 1736 ■
respectively. i
Cooper, Frances [Mrs. T. Haines Lacy]. !
Actress, born 1819, died 1872 ; made her first ;
professional appearance in 1833 at the Read-
ing Theatre as Sophia in ' The Road to Ruin.'
Her London debut took place in April 16,
1838, at the Haymarket, as Lydia in ' The
Love Chase.' In September, 1840, she joined
the Covent Garden company (under Madame
Vestris), and in May, 1844, began, at Sadler's
Wells (under Phelps), a long association
with that theatre. There she appeared as
Desdemona, Cordelia, Perdita, RosaU'nd,
Beatrice, Virginia (' Coriolanus '), Mrs. Ford
('Merry Wives'), Olivia ('Twelfth Night'),
Estifania ('Rule a Wife'), Aspatia ('The
Bridal'), Beaumelle ('The Fatal Dowry'),
Jayie Shore, Mrs. Beverly (' Gamester '), Cora
('Pizarro'), Cicely Homespun, Helen ('The
Hunchback'), Margaret ('Love's Sacrifice'),
Sophia (' The Road to Ruin '), Julie (' Riche-
lieu'), Mildred ('Blot in the Scutcheon'),
Alda (' Calaynos '), etc. "She was an
actress," says Westland Marston, "of much
feeling and of skilled elocution. Her fault
was that her simplicity had a tendency tc
the lackadaisical, and her sweetness to be
cloying " (' Our Recent Actors ').
Cooper, Frank Kemble. Actor, born
1857 ; son of T. Clifford Cooper (q.v.) ; made
his first professional appearance at Oxford
in 1873. His London debut was made at
the Lyceum in December, 1878, as Laertes.
Since then he has been the original repre
sentative of the following (and other) cha
racters -.—SirGeoffrev in ' lolanthe' (Lyceum
1880), Dick Sycamore in ' Bow Bells' (Royalty
1880), Bejjpo in ' Peggy' and Bill Smith ir
'The Member for Slocum' (Royalty, 1881),
Gustave in 'Honour' (Court, 1881), Lori
Shandon in 'Odette' (Haymarket, 1882)
Theorus in 'Claudian' (Princess's, 1884)
COOPER
COOPER
■^ir Reginald Fitzurse in 'Becket' (1893),
Mordred in Carr's ' King Arthur ' (Lyceum,
,1895). Marshal Lefehvre in ' Madame Sans
pene' (1897). He has also appeared in
jLondon as Gratiano, Neviours in ' Louis XI.,'
\De Mauprat, and Christian in 'The Bells'
Lyceum, 1878-80), Orlando (Imperial, 1882),
ftomeo (Prince of Wales's, 1S87), Master
Walter (Grand, 1889), 0' Kennedy in ' Green
Bushes ' ( Adelphi, 1890), Octavius and Antony
n * Antony and Cleopatra ' (Princess's, 1890),
Baradas in ' Richelieu ' and Edmund in
Lear ' (Lyceum, 1892), Posthumus Leonatus
md Richmond (Lyceum, 1896). On tour in
;he English provinces he has played Wil-
frid Denver in ' The Silver King,' Henry II.
n 'Becket,' Faust in Wills's play, and
Bassanio. On tour in America he has repre-
;ented Burchell in ' Olivia ' and Don Pedro
n 'Much Ado about Nothing.'
Cooper, Frederick Fox. Dramatic
vriter and theatrical manager, born 1806,
lied 1879 ; author of ' The Deserted Village '
1833), 'The Spare Bed' (1833), 'Hercules,
Xing of Clubs ' (1836), * A Race for a Wife '
1876), and dramatizations of ' ISIaster Hum-
phrey's Clock ' (1840), ' Ovingdean Grange '
[1851), ' Hard Times ' (1854), ' A Tale of Two
pities' (1860), 'Ivanhoe' (1869), 'Jack Shep-
mrd,' and ' The Corsican Brothers.' Cooper
livas at various times manager of the Strand,
Olympic, Marylebone, Victoria, and City of
London Theatres. See Stone Jug, The.
Cooper, Harwood. Actor; son of
F. F. Cooper (q.v.) ; was in the original
;ast of Tom Taylor's ' Going to the Bad '
1858) and 'Payable on Demand' (1859),
>aven's ' Chimney Corner ' (1861), T.
Taylor's ' Ticket-of-Leave Man' (1863) and
Settling Day ' (18G5)— at the Olympic ; and
)f Reade's ' Robust Invalid ' (1870), Wills's
Ninon' and Sims's 'The Last Chance'
1885)— at the Adelphi.
Cooper, John. Actor, born at Bath in
i790 (Oxberry) ; died in July, 1870 ; made his
irst professional appearance at his birth-
jlace in March, 1811, as lt)kle in 'Inkle
md Yarico.' His London debut was made
it the Haymarket in May, 1811, as Count
\Montalban in 'The Honeymoon.' After this,
|ie performed at various' provincial centres,
peing, among other things, the original Vir-
[jiniv^ in Sheridan Knowles's play (q.v.).
iReturning to London, he was engaged suc-
.^essively at Drury Lane (where he shared
:he lead with Wallack and Booth), the Hay-
narket, Covent Garden, the English Opera
tiouse, etc. He was in the original casts
3f Byron's ' Marino Faliero,' Kemble's
Point of Honour,' Knowles's ' Love,' Hook's
Darkness Visible,' etc. His more notable
parts included Othello, Romeo, Antony
'Julius Caesar'), lago, Richmond (' Richard
HI.'), the Ghost in 'Hamle,' Hastings in
Jane Shore,' Joseph Surface, and Rob
Roy. It was written of him, in 1826, that
'just as good an actor as art, without
)ne spark of genius, or any effort of the
mind, could make, has been made in the
person of Mr. Cooper. He is about as much
like a real first-rate actor as a fine statue
is to a living being" (Oxberry). His last
engagement was at the Princess's Theatre
under Charles Kean, with whom he appeared
as Orozembo in ' Pizarro,' the Duke of York
in 'Richard II.,' Major Oakley in 'The
Jealous Wife,' the Duke of Exeter in
' Henry V.,' etc. (1856-59). Edmund Yates,
in his ' Recollections,' describes Cooper as
"a tragedian of the old school, pompous,
solemn, pretentious, and dull." G. A. Sala
writes: "John Cooper, commonly known
as ' Jack,' was a second-rate tragedian — he
sometimes played comic parts, however—
whom in the forties I recollect very well as
playing Henry VIII. to Macready's Cardinal
Wolsey. . . . He had a curious intonation,
and I can still hear mentally a line of his
as Henry VIII. : ' What poiles of wealth
hath he not accumulated'" ('Life and
Adventures '). See Oxberry's ' Dramatic
Biography' (1826), Genest's ' English Stage'
(1832), Cole's ' Charles Kean ' (1859), etc.
Cooper, Thomas Abthorpe. Actor,
born at Harrow, 1776; died at Bristol,
Pennsylvania, 1849. The son of a surgeon,
he first trod the stage at Edinburgh in 1792.
Three years later he made his London debut
at Covent Garden, appearing as Hamlet,
Macbeth, and Lothario (' The Fair Penitent ').
In 1796 he went to America, playing for the
first time at Philadelphia in December of
that year, and at New York in August, 1797
(as Pierre in ' Venice Preserved '). In 1798
lie appeared at John Street and Park Theatre.
in the latter city, and was speedily accepted
as a favourite. He continued to hold a
good position till 1803, when he visited
England, and performed at Drury Lane as
Richard III., Othello, etc. Returning to
the States, he "thenceforward became,"
says J. N. Ireland, " the great American
star," whose glory was not very greatly
diminished by the successes even of G.
F. Cooke and Edmund Kean. In 1827 he was
again seen at Drury Lane. During the
late years of his life, his popularity in
America declined, and eventually he ac-
cepted a position in the United States
Custom House. Among his rdles, in addi-
tion to those named, were Lear, Shylock,
Marc Antony, Petruchio, Jaffier, Duke
Aranza, Charles Surface, Master Walter,
Virginius, Damon, Lucius Junius Brutus,
Glenalvon, Leon (' Rule a Wife '). He had,
says Ireland, " a handsome face, full of
the most varied expression, a noble person,
a fine mellow voice of wonderful capacity
of modulation, unusual dignity of manner
and gi-ace of action, and a most forcible and
eloquent style of declamation." See ' Actors
and Actresses ' (New York, 1886) ; also
Blake's ' Providence Stage,' Clapp's ' Boston
Stage,' Cowell's ' Thirty Years amongst
the Players,' Dunlap's ' American Theatre,'
Stone's ' Theatrical Reminiscences,' Wil-
liams's ' Children of Tliespis,' Wemyss's
' Theatrical Biography.'
Cooper, Thomas Clifford. Actor,
born March, 1819; died April, 1895; after
some provincial experience, made his
IL
COOPER-CLIFFE
COPPER CAPTAIX
London ddbut at the Marylebone Theatre in
1847. In 1851 he was at the Lyceum ; after
Avhich came engagements, as player, at
Manchester, and, as manager, at Hull,
Oxford, and elsewhere. hi September,
1872, he joined the company of the Court
Theatre, London, v.here he was the original
representative of the Duke de Lille in ' A
Son of the Soil,' Bombazine in ' Vesta's
Temple,' Stratton Strauiess in 'Alone,' Mr.
Poppytop in ' The Wedding March,' Morti-
boy in ' Ready-Money Mortiboy,' Jlr. Cartel-
in ' Brighton,' and O'Fipp in ' Tom Cobb.'
At the Lyceum in 1877 he was the original
Mr. Pickwick in 'The Trial from Pickwick,'
besides playing Old Goblo, Orson in ' The Iron
Chest,' M. Deschappeles, Joseph in ' Riche-
lieu,' Walter in 'The Bells,' and Parson
Meadoivs in 'Eugene Aram.' Returning to
the Court in 1880, he was the original ,S'ir
Amias Paulet in Wingfield's ' Mary Stuart,'
also figuring as Capulet (1881). He was in the
first casts of 'Imprudence' (Folly, 1881),
' Mimi ' (Court, 1S81), ' The Manager' (Court,
1882), and ' The Novel Reader ' (Globe, 1882),
also undertaking Sir William Honeyivood in
' The Good-Natured Man ' (Gaiety, 1881), and
Mr. Symperson in ' Engaged ' (Court, 1881).
At the Princess's in 18S2-S5, he was the
original representative of Lliah Coomhe in
'The Silver King.' of Alcares in ' Claudian,'
of Lucretius in ' Junius,' and of Eridge in
' Hoodman Blind,' besides figuring as
Polonius (1884). His last appearance was
made as the Admiral in ' A Wife's Sacrifice'
(St. James's Theatre, 1886). He married
Miss Agnes Kemble (q.v.), who died two
days after the death of her husband. See
COOPER, Frank. Kemble ; Cooper-Cliffe,
Henry.
Cooper-Cliffe, Henry. Actor, born
1862 ; son of T. Clitford Cooper (q.v.) ; made
his professional dtbut at Grimsby in 1879 in
Gilbert-Sullivan opera. His first appear-
ance in London took place at the Olympic
in 1881, when he was the original Podge in
Solomon's ' Claude Duval ' {q.v.). Since then
he has been the first representative of
Thomas Merton in Solomon's 'Vicar of Bray'
(1882), Colonel Tussell in Solomon's ' Polly '
(1884), Flaromer in 'Fay o' Fire' (1885),
Sandy Dysonva. ' Sister Mary ' (1886), Peranza
in ' The Golden Ladder ' (1887), Harcourt in
' Ben My Chree ' (ISbS), Sir Harry Croydon
in ' Nowadays ' (1SS9), Parson Moore in ' The
Good Old Times' (1SS9), Arthur St. Aubrey
in ' The People's Idol ' (1890), Lararennes in
' The Acrobat ' (1891), Seti in ' Pharaoh '
(1892), and Vaughan in ' Robespierre ' (1899).
Other parts played by H. Cooper-Cliffe in-
clude Laertes and Glavis (Globe, ISSS), Beau-
.seant (Olvmpic, 1890), lachimo and Clarence
(in 'Richard III.') (Lyceum, 1896), and
Benedick (in 'Much Ado about Nothing')
(Queen's, Manchester, 1900).
Co-operative MovemerLt (A). A farce
by Harry Lemon, played at the Haymarket
'Iheatre, London, in AprU, 1868.
Coote, Carrie. Actress; after early
experience in pantomime, was the originaJ
representative of Irene in Grundy's ' Clito
(1886). She has been seen in America a;
Maria in ' The School for Scandal,' Molh
Seagrim in Buchanan's ' Joseph's Sweet
heart,' Peggy in 'Harbour Lights,' etc.—;
Lizzie Coote, actress (born 1S62, died 1886)
toured in America in 1871, and appeared ii
England in 1873 in pantomime, for whicl
she was always in request. At the Londor
Gaiety in 1879 she played Virginia, in Bur
nands ' Unlimited Cash ' and Kate in Byron':
' Daisy Farm.'
Coote, Charles. Actor, died 1897
was the first representative of Henry Corket
in ' The Silver King ' (1882), Mr. Grant ii
'Margery's Lovers' (1SS4), Shekeniah Pan)
in ' The Lord Harry ' (1886). He also playe(
Kit in a version of ' The Old Curiosity Shop
at the Opera Comique in 1884.
Coote, HanurLond. The hero of Al
berv'S ' Wig and Gown ' (q. v.).
Copeland, BeUa [Mrs. J. B. Buck;
stone]. Actress ; made her first appearand'
in London at the Haj^market Theatre, or
January 5, 1S56, as Cherry in ' The Beaux
Stratagem.'
Copeland, Fanny. See FiTzwiLLiA>i
Mrs.
Copeland, "William R. Theatrica
manager, born 1799, died 1867 ; brother o:
Fanny Copeland (q.v.), and married to
sister of Douglas Jerrold's ; after some ex;
perience as an actor, became, in 1843, lesse:
and manager of the Theatre Royal, an'
proprietor of the Royal Amphitheatre
Liverpool, and, in 1851, lessee of the Stran^
Theatre, London, which he re-christene
" Punch's Playhouse."
Copiste, Le. See One Touch o
Nature.
Copland, Charles. Operatic vocalist
educated at Royal Academy cif Music; wa
in the original casts of Sullivan's ' Ivar
hoe' (1891), and of the English versions (
' La Basoche ' (q.v.), and ' Hansel and Grate
(q.v.).
Coppee, Francois. See Passant, Li
LUTHIER DE Cremone, Le ; PouR i:
Couronne.
Copper. "A penitent rebel" in 'Tl
Philosopher's Stone' (q.v.).
Copper Captain (The). The tit;
given to Michael Perez in BEAUMONT ar
Fletcher's 'Rule a Wife and Have a Wif(,
(q.v.). Perez is a captain of much prete;
sion but no substance. His wife says (■
him : " You're a man of copper, a copp'
. . . copper captain." " Garrick had co
templated appearing in this part, but in oi
of the scenes," says Dutton Cook, " trac
tion required of the Copper Captain a pe
of laughter, and this Garrick found himse
unable to accomplish satisfactorily. The
was no absolute reason for the laugh,
was not necessary to the performance, it w'
merely a piece of stage effect ; but it w:
felt that the audience would expect it, ai
COPPERFIELD
CORIN
would be disappointed at not obtaining it.
Woodward was famous for his laugh, so
Garrick, after repeated rehearsals, aban-
doned the part altogether."
Copperfield, David. See David Cop-
PERFIELU.
Copy. A publisher in Blanchard Jer-
ROLD's ' Beau Brumraell ' (q.v.).
Coquetinda. The queen in Planche's
'Amoroso' (q.v.).
Coquette. An opera comique in two
acts, written by R. E. Pattinson, composed
by Daisy Sopwith and Angela Rawlinson ;
West Theatre, Albert Hall, London, June 5,
1893.
Coquette (The). (1) A comedy by
MOLLOY, tirst perfurmed at Lincoli.'s Inn
Fields in April, 1718, with Mrs. Spiller in
the title part (Mademoiselle Fantast), Ryan
&s Bellamy, Mrs. Thurmand a.s Julia Caprice,
and other parts by 8piller, Griffin, C. Bul-
lock, Mrs. (Jiffard, etc. ; revived at the
Haymarket in November. 1793. (2) A play in
three acts, adapted by T. Mead (q.c.) from
the French, and tirst performed at the Hay-
market Theatre, London, on July 8, 1867,
with Miss Amy Sedgwick in the leading
character (tlie Counters Blanche de Rain-
court). (3) A comedy in four acts, by
Hawley Smart, Assembly Rooms, Chel-
tenham, April 10, 1885. (4) A comedietta
by William POEh:(q.v.), Portman Rooms,
London, May 16, 1892. (5) A comic opera
in three acts, the " book " founded by H. J.
W. Dam on Garrido-Lafrique's ' O Molinero
d'Alcala,' the lyrics by Clifton Bi.ngham,
the music by Justin Clerice ; Prince of Wales's
Theatre, London, February 11. 1899, with
Miss Aileen D'Orme in the title part, and
other 7 6lef( by ;\Iiss Stella Gastelle, Courtice
Pounds, ^V. Edouin, J. Le Hay, etc.
Coquette, Lady. A cliaracter in
Bickerstaff's ' Unburied Dead ' (q.v.).
Coquettes. See Two Thorns.
Cora; or, Love and Passion. A
drama in four acts, adapted by W. G. Wills
from Belot's ' L' Article 47,' and first per-
formed at the Theatre Royal, Leeds, on
March 2, 1874, with Mrs. Hermann Vezin as
Cora de Lille, W. Rignold as George du
Hamel, Reginald Moore as Victor Mazilier,
W. H. Fisher as Potain, and Mrs. St. Henry
as Madame du Hamel. On February 28,
1877, the piece was produced at the Globe
Theatre, London, asa " drama in a prologue
and three acts, by W. G. Wills and Frauk
Marshall," with Mrs. Vezin in her original
part, J. Fernandez as Du Hamel, E.
Leathes as Mazilier, D. Fisher, jun., as
Potain, and other parts by W. H. Stephens,
J. D. Beveridge, and Miss Telbin.
Cora. (1) Wife of Alonzo in Sheridan's
'Pizarro' (q.v.), and in L. Buckingham's
travesty of that play. (2) A character in
Morton's 'Columbus' (q.v.). (3) A cha-
racter in ' L' Article 47 ' (q.v.).
Coral, Mrs., in Douglas Jerrold's
* Beau Nash '(^.r.).
Coralie. A play in four acts, adapted
by G. W. Godfrey from ' Le Fils de Coralie '
by Delpit, and first performed at the St.
James's Theatre, London, on May 28, 1881,
with Mrs. Kendal as Mrs. Trevor, W. H.
Kendal as Captain Maimvaring, John Clay-
ton as Hugh Derrick, J. Hare as Critcheil,
T. N. Wenman as Sir Jonas Meryon, Mrs.
Gaston ^Murray as Miss Meryon, Miss Wini-
fred Emery as Mabel Meryon, and Miss
Co well as Mrs. Battleton.
Corbaccio. An old gentleman in Ben
Jonson's ' Volpone ' (q.v.), who "hopes he
may with charms, like ^Eson, have his
youth restored."
Corbeille qui abat des noix (XJne).
See Too Clever by Half.
Corcoran, Captain. Commander of
' H.M.S. Pinafore,' in Gilbert and Sulli-
van's operetta (q.v.). He also appears in
'The Wreck of the Pinafore' (q.v.), and in
• Utopia, Limited' (g.?;.), where we find him
figuring as "Captain Sir Edward Corcoran,
K.C.B."
Cordatus, in Jonson's ' Every Man out
of his Humour' (q.v.), sits on the stage,
and makes running comments on the per-
formance.
Corday, Charlotte. See Charlotte
CORDAY'.
Cordelia. The youngest daughter of
King Lear in Shakespeare's play (q.v.).
"If," says Jlrs. Jameson, "'Lear' be the
grandest of Shakespeare's tragedies, Cor-
delia in herself, as a human being governed
by the purest and holiest impulses and
motives, approaches near to perfection,
and, in her adaptation as a dramatic per-
sonage to a determinate plan of action, may
be pronounced altogether perfect " (' Cha-
I'acteristics of Women ').
Cordelia's Aspirations. A play by
EDWARD ilARKiGAN (q.v.), revived at New
York in April, 1887.
Cordelio, in Otway's ' Orphan' (?. v.), is
page to Polydore.
Corder, Frederick. See Golden
Web; Noble Savage; Nordisa.
Co - Respondent (The). A farcical
comedy in three acts, by G. W. Appleton,
performed "for copyright purposes" at the
Prince of Wales's Theatre, Liverpool, June
20, 1S96 ; produced, in four acts, at the
Grand Theatre, Birmingham, August 3, 1896 ;
and at the Metropole Theatre, Camberwell,
September 21. 1896.
Corey, John. Actor and playwright ;
was seen at Lincoln's Inn Fields in October,
1702, and afterwards at the Haymarket and
Drury Lane. Among' the parts played by
him were Seyton in ' Macbeth ' and Amiens
in ' As You Like It.' He A^Tote two plays—
'A Cure for Jealousy' (1701) and 'The
Metamorphosis' (1704). See 'Biographia
Dramatica' (1812) and Genest (1832).
Corin. "The faithful shepherdess" in
Fletcher's play (q.v.).
CORINNA
336
CORIOLANUS
Corinna. Daughter of Gripe in Yan-
BRUGH's ' Confederacy' {q.v.). She pairs off
with Dick Amlet.
Corinne. (1) A drama in four acts, by
Robert Buchanan {q.v.), first performed at
the Lyceum Theatre, London, on June 26,
1876, with Mrs. Fairfax as the heroine, C.
Warner as Victor de Beauvoir, H. Forrester
as Raoul, Atkins as Marat, and Johnston
Forbes-Robertson as the Ahbe de Larose.
(2) A drama founded upon Mrs. Otto Von
Booth's novel of the same name, and first
performed at the Standard Theatre, London,
May 23, 1885.
Coriolanus. (1) A tragedy in five
acts, by William Shakespeare (^q.v.), first
printed in the Folio of 1623. It is based
upon the story of Coriolanus as told by Sir
Thomas North in his translation of Bishop
Amyot's version of Plutarch's * Lives.' So
closely, indeed, does the poet follow North
that some of his longer passages are ' simply
IPlutarch put into metre.' The play seems
to have been written in or about 1609, and
belongs, therefore, to Shakespeare s later
period and manner. [For details of the
verse-tests made by Professor Ingram, see
the New Shakspere Society's Transac-
tions, 1874.] Of the earlier performances of
the tragedy there are no records. The first
mention of the work in theatrical history
has reference to the adaptation made by
Nahum Tate (q.v.), and represented at the
Theatre Royal in 1682. This was entitled
' The Ingratitude of a Commonwealth ; or,
The Fall of Caius INIartius Coriolanus.'
■Genest describes the adaptation (which was
in five acts) as "on the whole a very bad one."
Tate, he says, " omits a good deal of the
■original to make room for the new fifth act.
His own additions are insipid, and he makes
numberless unnecessary changes in the
dialogue ; but the first four acts of his play
do not differ very materially from Shake-
speare. He has been guilty of a manifest
absurdity in turning Valeria into a talkative
tfantastical lady. . . . He has made one
considerable improvement. Shakespeare
has been guilty of a mistake in repeatedly
saying that Caius Marcius was alone when
he forced his way into Corioli. Tate uni-
formly represents him as not being quite
alone on this occasion. Plutarch says he
had a very few friends with him." Tate
observes, in his dedication, that he chose
' Coriolanus' for adaptation because " there
appeared in some passages no small re-
semblance with the busie faction of our
own time." He adds: "Whatever the
superstructure prove, it was my good
fortune to build upon a rock." The names
of the performers in Tate's play are not
known. A second adaptation of 'Corio-
lanus'—the work of John Dennis (q.v.)—
was brought out at Drury Lane in Novem-
Taer, 1719, under the title of ' The Invader of
'nis Country ; or. The Fatal Resentment.'
*' Dennis," says Genest, " has retained
about half of the original play, which he
has altered much for the worse " (see ' The
English Stage '). The cast presented Booth
as Coriolanus, Mills as Aufidius, Cory as
Menenius, Walker as Brutus, Mrs. Porter
as Volumnia, and I\Irs. Thurmond as Vir-
gilia. The piece was acted only thrice, and
Dennis, in his dedication to the Lord Cham-,
berlain, attacked the management and cer-
tain of the actors. A third adaptation of
' Coriolanus ' — attributed to Thomas Sheri-
dan, and entitled 'Coriolanus; or.TheRoman
Matron ' — was brought out at Covent Garden
in December, 1754. This was an amalgam of ■
Shakespeare and James Thomson, whose
' Coriolanus ' (see below) had been acted
there in 1749. Sheridan's piece had been pro-
duced in Dublin, with Mossop as Coriolanus.
At Covent Garden Sheridan himself appeared'
as the hero, with Shuter as Menenius, Ryan
as Tullus, Peg Woffington as Veturia, and:
INIrs. Bellamy as Volumnia. For details of
the adaptation see Genest, who records a
performance of ' Coriolanus ' at Covent Gar-,
den on March 14, 1758, with Smith in the
title part, Mrs. Hamilton as Veturia, and
the role of Volumnia omitted. The play'
called ' Coriolanus ; or. The Roman Matron,'
produced at Drury Lane in February, 17S9,
was published in the same year with She-
ridan's name as the adapter. Genest,'
however, believed that it should be attri-
buted to J. P. Kemble, "as it differs but
little, or nothing, from the alteration which.
Kemble afterwards avowed." "The first;
three acts were judiciously altered from
Shakespeare, with omissions only ; " into
the other two acts lines by Thomson were
introduced. Kemble, of course, played Cori-
olanus, with AVroughton as Aufidius, Bad-'
deley as Meneiiius, Mrs. Farmer as Virgilia,
Mrs. Ward as Valeria, and Mrs. Siddons as,
Volumnia. " Coriolanus," says Genest,
"proved to be Kemble's gi-and part.'i
" He was Coriolanus' self," says \V. Robson :
"his voice, his own private manner, hif
very rigidity, completed the identity'.
('The Old Playgoer'). Kemble and his
sister were seen again in this piece ai
Covent Garden in November, 1806, wher
they were supported by Miss Bruntor
(Mrs. Yates) as Virgilia, Pope as Aufidius,
and Munden as Menenius. On Novem-
ber 19, 1819, Macready appeared at Coven'
Garden as Coriolanus, and was salutec.
by Barry Cornwall, in a sonnet, as "th(.
noblest Roman of them all." The credi;
of restoring to the stage the text of Shake
speare's play, almost unadulterated, ap
pears to belong to Elliston, who producec;
the tragedy (edited by G. Soane) at Drur
Lane in January, 1820, with Edmund Keai.
in the title role, S. Penley as Aufidius.
Gattie as Menenixis, Mrs. Robinson &■
Virgilia, and Mrs. Glover as Volumnia
"Kean," Genest says, "ought not to havi
attempted Coriolanus; his figure totaU;
disqualified him for the part." The nex
Coriolanus, in order of time, seems to hay
been John Yandenhoff, who played the rol
in various provincial centres in 1822-^
Later revivals in London include those a
Covent Garden in December, 1833. and i:'
March, 18.38, in both of which Macread
reappeared, supported, in the latter yeai'
CORIOLANUS
337
CORNISH COMEDY
by J. R- Anderson as Aufidius, George Ben-
nett as Brutus, Bartley as Meneniun, and
Mrs. Warner as Volumnia [see ' Dramatic
Essays,' by John Forster (1896)] ; at Covent
Garden in September, 1838, witli Vanden-
hotf as Coriolanus ; at the Marvlebone
Theatre in 1843, with C. Dillon in the title
part ; at Sadler's Wells in September, 1848,
with Phelps as Coriolanus, H. Marston as
Aufidius, G. Bennett as Cominius, Mrs.
Marston as Valeria, Miss Cooper as Vir-
gilia, and Miss Glyn as Volumnia ; at Drury
Lane in January, 1851, with J. R. Anderson
in the title part ; at Sadler's Wells in Sep-
tember, 1860, with Phelps in the title part,
H, Vezin as Aufidius, G. Barrett as 3Ie-
nenius Agrippa, Lewis Ball as First Citizen,
Miss Atkinson as Volumnia, and Miss K.
Saxon as Virgilia ; at Dublin in May, 1863,
with G. V. Brooke as Coriolanus ; at the
Grand Opera House, New York, in Decem-
ber, 1878, with J. McCullogh and Katharine
Rogers in the chief roles; at the Opera
House, New York, in November, 1885, with
Salvini in the title part, and Mrs. A. Foster
is Volumnia ; at the Shakespeare Memorial
jrheatre, Stratford-on-Avon, in August, 1893,
with F. R. Benson as Coriolanus, O. Stuart
,13 Aufidius, A. Brydone as Cominius, G. R.
vVeir as First Citizen, Mm. Benson as Vir-
filia, and Miss Alice Chapin as Volumnia;
'it the Comedy Theatre, London, February,
1901, with F. R. Benson as Coriolanus, Oscar
Asche as Sicinius, Miss L. Braithwaite as
\Virgilia, and Miss Genevieve Ward as
Volumnia ; at the Lyceum Theatre (in three
icts), April, 1901, with Henry Irving as Corio-
■anus, J. H. Barnes as Agrippa, Laurence
i-rving as Brutus, C. Dodsworth as First
\]itizen. Miss Ellen Terry as Vohimnia, Miss
'»!. Hackney as Virgilia, and Miss M. Milton
.s Valeria. " The tragic struggle of the
ilay," says Edward Dowden, "is not that of
(atricians with plebeians, but of Coriolanus
vith his own self. It is not the Roman
leople who bring about his destruction ; it
3 the patrician haughtiness and passionate
lelf-will of Coriolanus himself. . . . The
(iride of Coriolanus is not that which comes
Tom self-surrender to and union with some
ower, or person, or principle higher than
neself. It is two-fold— a passionate self-
steem which is essentially egoistic, and,
econdly, a passionate prejudice of class. . . .
[is sympathies are deep, warm, and gene-
5us ; but a line, hard and fast, has been
rawn for him by the aristocratic tradition,
nd it is only Avithin that line that he per-
mits his sympathies to play. . . . For Vir-
•Ua, the gentle Avoman in whom his heart
nds rest, Coriolanus has a manly tender-
9SS. . . .In his boy he has a father's joy.
. . His wife's friend Valeria is the ' moon
: Rome.' ... In his mother, Volumnia,
le awful Roman matron, he rejoices with
noble enthusiasm and pride" (' Shak-
lere : his Mind and Art '). (2) A
agedy by James Thomson (q.v.), first per-
rmed at Covent Garden on January 13,
49, with Quin in the title part, Ryan as
ttus Tullius, Delane as Galesus, Bridg-
iter as Minueius, Peg Woffington as
Veturia, and Miss Bellamy as Volumnia.
This piece, in which Thomson follows
Dionysius Halicarnassensis and Livy, was
acted ten times. It is " certainly not a
bad play," says Genest, "but when com-
pared with Shakespeare's, it is regular, cold,
and declamatory. . . . Galesus is a sort of
Pythagorean philosopher, a character intro-
duced improperly both as to time and
place. . . . 'The scene lies during the whole
of Thomson's play in the Volscian camp"
(' English Stage ').
Cormon. See Porter's Knot, The.
Corncracker (The). A play by Jo.seph
Arthur, firs^t performed at Fourteenth
Street Theatre, New York, October 10,
1892.
Corneille. Pierre. French dramatist,
born 1606, died 1684; whose works have
appeared in English in the following order :
— ' Le Cid,' translated by Joseph Rutter, in
1637 and 1640 ; ' Polyeucte ' and ' Horace,'
by Sir William Lower, in 1655 and 1656
respectively; 'Le Menteur,' anonymously^
in 1661 ; ' Pomp^e,' by Katherine Phillips,,
in 1663, and by Edmund Waller, Sir C.
Sedley, etc., in 1664 ; ' Heraclius,' by Ludo-
wick Carlell, in 1664; 'Horace,' by K.
Phillips, in 1667, and, by Charles Cotton,
in 1671 ; ' Nicomede,' by John Dancer, in
1671. See Lying Lover, The.
Corneille, Thomas. See Evening's
Love, An.
Cornelia. (1) A tragedy translated into
English ver.se by Thomas Kyd from the
French of Richard Gamier, and printed in
1594. Tlie heroine is the widow of Pompey
the Great. Among other characters are
Antony, Becimus Brutus, Ccesar, Cassias^
Cicero, etc. (2) A play by Sir W. Bartley,
acted in Vere Street, Clare Market, June
1, 1662.
Cornelia. Wife of Marcellus in Mas-
SINGER's ' Believe as you List ' {q.v.).
Cornelius, Peter. See Barber op
Bagdad.
Cornelys, Mrs. Actress, and author
of 'The Deceptions,' a comedy performed
at Dublin in 1781.
Cornet. Maid to Lady Fanciful in
Vanbrugh's 'Provoked Wife' {q.v.).
Corneville, Cloches de. See Cloches
DE Corneville.
Corney Covirted. An operetta in one
act, the libretto adapted by Arthur
Waugh from Dickens's ' Oliver Twist,' the
music composed by Claude Nugent ; pro-
duced at the Comedy Theatre, London, on
the afternoon of March 6, 1893.
Cornflower, Mrs. The heroine of
DiBDiN's ' Farmer's Wife.'
Cornish Comedy (The). A play pro-
duced at Dorset Garden in 1696, with a cast
including Penkethman, Bullock, Leigh,
Powell, Mills, Mrs. Mills, etc.
I
CORNISH MINERS
338
CORSICAN BROTHERS
Cornish Miners (The). A melodrama,
played, with incidental music by G. H.
Rod well, at the Lyceum Theatre, London,
in July, 1827. The cast included " O."
Smith.
Cornish Squire (The). See Squire
Trelooby.
Cornwall, Barry. See Procter, B.W.
Cororat)ona, Vittoria. The "white
devil" in Webster's play of that name
iq.v.).
Coronation (The). (1) A play by
James Shirley iq.v.), printed in 1640. The
coronation is that of Sophia, Queen of
Epirus, who, in the end, has to acknowledge
the superior claim to the throne made by
Seleuchus, who proves to be her brother
Leonatus, the elder son of the late king.
"On the whole, a very good play" (Genest).
(2) A musical piece by Archibald Mac-
LAREN, printed in 1804.
Corporal (The). A play by Arthur
Wilson, of Trinity College, Oxford ; entered
at Stationers' Hall in September, 1646, and
performed at the Black Friars.
Corporal Shako. A farce by Frede-
rick Hay, Surrey Theatre, September 13,
1879.
Corrado. The hero of Coghlan's ' For
Life' (q.v.).
Correze. Tlie singer in Hamilton's
* Moths ' iq.v.).
Corri. A name frequently met with in
theatrical annals during the past century.
Among those who have t)orne, or still bear
it, may be named— Clarence Corri, niusi-
cal composer and director, who has written
the music for ' Miss Chiquita ' (1899) and
other dramatic pieces; Dussek Corri,
actor and vocalist, died 1870 ; Haydn
Corri, musician, born 1785, died 1860 ;
Hay'DN Corri. actor and vocalist, died
1876 ; Henry Corri, actor and vocalist,
born 1824, died 1888, who was in the first
cast of ' Kissi-Kissi ' (1873) ; Kathleen
Corri, actress and vocalist, who was the
original Phoebe in 'Billee Taylor' (1880);
Monte Corri, musical composer and di-
rector, born 1784, died 1849; and Pat
Corri, actor and vocalist, born 1820, died
1-876, who was at the Grecian circa 1851.
Corrupt Practices. A comedy-drama
in two acts, by F. A. Marshall (q.v.), first
performed at the Lyceum Theatre, London,
on January 22, 1870, with C. F. Coghlan as
Sir Victor Pearlstone, Miss Fitzinman as
Syhilla Durant, and otlaer parts by G. F.
Neville, G. Vincent, and Miss L. Thorne.
Corruptions of the Divine Laws.
A dramatic piece by Bishop Bale (q.v.).
Corsair (The). A " ballet-romance,"
invented by Farley, set to music by Dr.
Arnold, and performed at the Haymarket
in July, 1801. See Pacha's Bridal. (2)
An opera in three acts, by Charles D re-
fell, Crystal Palace, March 25, 1873 ;
Aquarium Theatre, London, March 3, 187'
(3) A play by J. C. Goodwin and E. 1
Rice, produced in America, with Nat Gooc
win, jun., in the cast. — 'The Corsair's Ri
venge:' a romantic drama in two acts, h;
H. P. Grattan, Victoria Theatre, Londo
March 16, 1843.
Corsican Brothers (The). Adapt;
tions of ' Les Freres Corses ' (the play founds
by Grange and Xavier de Montepin on
story told by Dumas ^ere in his ' Impressio)
de Voyages,' and first performed at t\
Theatre Historique, Paris, on August 1
1850, with C. Fechter in the title parts) ha-
been numerous in this country. The firs
by Dion Boucicault, was produced at ti
Princess's Theatre, London, on February 5
1852, with Charles Kean as Fabien ai
Louis dei Franchi, Alfred Wigan as Chatei
Renaud, J. Vining as Baron de Montgiro
Ryder as Orlando, Meadows as Colonn.
Miss Phillips as Madame dei Franchi, Mii
Murray as Emilie de Lesimrre, Miss ■
Leclercq as Coralie, Miss Viva.sh as Estel
(2) Another version was played for the fii
time at the Marylebone Theatre on Mar
8, 1852. This was followed on March ;.
1852, by two more versions : (3) ' The Cor
cans,' translated by G. A. Sala {q.v.), a
performed at the Surrey Theatre, with \
Creswick as the brothers, T. Mead as CI
teau Reaaud, ^Viddicomb as Colonna, M!
Robertson as Madame dei Franchi, et',
and (4) ' The Corsican Brothers,' by '<
Almar, produced at the Victoria Tl
atre, London, with J. T. Johnson as ti
brothers, Raymond as Chateau Renaud,.
H. Higgle as Montgiron, etc. Two mc,
versions were performed on ]March 22— c
(5) at the Queen's Theatre, and the otli
(6) at the Royal Grecian (with E. Phill,
as the brothers). (7) Yet another versi:
was brought out at the City of Lone,
Theatre on March 22, with Charles Pitt
the brothers, and other parts by N. T. Hii
and Mrs. H. Vining. (8) On March 24 ,
adaptation was produced at the Standi.
Theatre. (9) A literal translation of •>
French play was produced on May .
1852, at the Astor Place Opera House, ^ |
York. This was called 'The Vendet;'
iq.v.), and G. V. Brooke was the represer •
tive of the brothers. (10) An adaptati,
revised by C. Fechter, was produced;
the Princess's Theatre, London, on Decc
ber 15, 1860, with Fechter in the title pa ,
A. Harris as Chateau Renaud, Meadows 3
Colonna, Miss R. Leclercq as Folichor,
Miss Murray as Emilie. [In this versi
the curtain rose on the scene at the Op v
House.] 'The Corsican Brothers' was •
vived at the Princess's Theatre in 1864, v i
Vining as the brothers, Walter Lacys
Chateau Renaud, C. Warner as Meynard ■
Forrester as Montgiron, Miss Caroline ( -
son as Emilie de Lesparre, and Miss .
Howard as Coralie. In May, 1866, Feel r
was seen again as the brothers at e
Lyceum Theatre, supported by G. Jor-J
as Chateau Renaud, H. Vezin as Montgi) ,
S. Emery as Orlando, Widdicomb as Colon ,
CORSICAN BROTHERS
339
COSTER BARON
Mrs. Ternan as Madame dei Franchi, and
Miss Henrade as Emilie. In the revival of
the play at the Princess's in June, 1876, the
cast included John Clayton as the brothers,
J. H. Barnes as Chateau Renaud, A. Elwood
as Montgiron, and Miss Caroline Hill as
Emilie. Boucicault's version was produced
at the Lyceum Theatre, London, in Septem-
ber, 1880, with Henry Irving in the title
parts, W. Terriss as Chateaxi Renaud, A.
Elwood as Montgiron, A. W. Pinero as
Meynard, S. Johnson as Colonna, T. Mead
as Orlando, Miss Emily Fowler as Emilie de
Lesparre, Miss Pauncefort as Mdme. dei
Franchi, Miss Alma Murray as Coralie, Miss
Houliston as Estelle, and A. B. Tapping, F.
Tyars, J. Archer, H. Ferrand, H. Louther in
minor parts. In 1881 Miss Litton revived
'The Corsican Brothers' at the Theatre
Royal, Glasgow, with Hermann Vezin as
• the brothers and Mrs. Charles Calvert as
I Madame dei Franchi. In 1883 Kyrle Bellew
I took the Lyceum version into the English
provinces, playing the title parts. In
i May, 1891, the piece was revived at the
Lyceum, with H. Irving, W. Terriss, S.
Johnson, and Miss Pauncefort as before,
and F. H. Macklin as Montgiron, T. Wen-
man as Orlando, Miss Annie Irish as
Emilie, Miss K. Phillips as Coralie. (11) A n
adaptation by Arthur Shirlev, entitled
'Brother for Brother,' and owing soine-
t what to Siraudin's ' La Vendetta ' [see
J THUMPING Legacy], was produced at the
Pavilion Theatre, London, on August 17,
1899.— 'The Corsican Brothers' was per-
formed in the United States with Charlotte
Crampton as tlie dei Franchi. — The stage
travesties of 'The Corsican Brothers' in-
clude : (1) ' O Gemini ; or, The Brothers
of Co(u)rse' {q.v.), by G. A BECKETT and
Mark Lemon (1852); (2) 'The Camber well
(Brothers' (^. v.). bv Charles Selby (1852) ;
1(3) ' The Corsican Bothers ; or. The Trouljle-
;some Twins,' by Henry J. Byron, first
!performed at the Globe Theatre, London,
May 17, 1869, with John Clarke as Fahien
land Louis dei Fhmki, Miss Maggie Brennan
las Chateau Renaud, Miss Sylvia Hodson as
Montgiron, Miss Rose Behrend as Meynard,
Miss Hughes as Emilie, Miss Clara Thorne
las Marie, and E. INIarshall as Madame dei
Fhmki. (4) ' A New Edition of the Corsican
Brothers ; or, The Kompact, the Kick, and
theKombat.'byW.H.MASON.Theatre Royal,
Brighton, July 18, 1870. (5) ' The Corsican
Brothers and Co. (Limited),' by F. C. Bur-
NAND and H. P. Stephens, first performed
it the Gaiety Theatre, London, on October
^5, 1880, with E. W. Royce as the brothers,
1- J. Dallas as Madame dei Franchi, T.
Squire as Metjnard, Miss E. Farren as Cha-
^mu Renaud, Miss Connie Gilchrist as
\Kontgiron, and Miss Kate Vaughan as
hmihe de Lesparre. (6) 'The Coster-twin
brothers,' by Frank Hall, first performed
it the Philharmonic Theatre, London, on
vovember 20, ISSO, with the author in the
itle parts. (7) 'The Corsican Brother-
mbes-in-the-AVood,' by G. R. Sims, first
performed at the Theatre Roval, Hull,
•larch 19, ISSI, with George Walton as the
brothers, A. Hemming as Chateau Renaud,
Miss Carlotta Zerbini as Emilie, Miss Retta
Walton as Meynard, and Miss Elsie Cameron
as Montgiron. (8) 'The New Corsican
Brothers,' by Cecil Raleigh, with music
by AValter Slaughter, first performed at the
Royalty Theatre, London, on November 20,
1889, with a cast including Arthur Roberts,
Deane Brand, Joseph Wilson, Miss Kate
Chard, Miss Edith Kenward, etc. This
embodied some travesty of ' Mr. Barnes of
New York' {q.v.).
Corsicans (The). A drama in four
acts, translated from Kotzebue, and pub-
lished in 1799. See Corsican Brothers.
Corso, Alphonso, in Dryden and
Lee's 'Duke of Guise' {q.v.).
Cortez ; or, The Conquest of
Mexico. An opera, libretto bv J. R.
PL.4.NCHE (g.r.), music by Sir H. R. "Bishop,
produced at Covent Garden on November .5,
1823, and described by Planche as " a signal
failure." John Cooper played the title part.
—Cortez is a character in Dryden's ' Indian
Emperor' {q.v.).
Corvino. A Venetian merchant in
JoNSON's ' Volpone' {q.v.).
Cosaque (La). A comic opera in three
acts, music by Herve, libretto adapted In-
Sydney Grundy from that of Meilhac and
Millaud ; first performed in England at the
Gaiety, Hastings, April 7, 1S84 ; first per-
formed in London at the Royalty Theatre, on
April 12, 1884, with Miss Kate Santley
as Pnncess Machinskoff, Miss Amalia a;?
Madame Dupotin, C. Marius as Prince
Gregoire, H. Ashley as Jules Primitif, J.
S. Harcourt as Prince Feodor ; played in
the English provinces in 18S4, with Miss
Santley, H. Ashley, and S. Harcourt in
their original parts. The original piece was
performed at the Gaiety in June, 1884.
Cosette. Daughter of Fantine in dra-
matizations of Hugo's 'Les Miserables'
{q.v.).
Cosey, Caleb. An innkeeper in Prest'.s
'Miser of Shoreditch' {q.v.). {2) Kit Cosey
is a character in T. Morton's ' Town and
Coimtry ' {q.v.). (3) One Cosey is butler to
Codger in O'Keefe's ' Beggar on Horseback '
{q.v.).
Cosi Fan Tutti. A two-act opera-
buffa, music by Mozart, performed in 1790
at Vienna ; in London, at the King's The-
atre in 1811, and at the Savoy TLeatre(by
students of the Royal College of Music) in
1890. See Trr for Tat.
Cosmo. A comedy performed at the
Rose Theatre in January, 1593.
Costanza. The heroine of Borer's
'Betrothal' {q.v.).
Costard. A clown in ' Love's Labour's
Lost' {q.v.).
Coster Baron (The). A musical
comedy in two acts, written by Harry
Pleon, and performed for copyright pur-
I
COSTIX
340
COUNTER ATTRACTION
poses at the Colosseum, Leeds, March 12,
1897.
Costin, Lord, disguised as a beggar,
figures in ' The Beggars Bush ' (?.r.).
Cosy Couple ''A). A comedy in one
act, adapted by G. H. Lewes (qv.) from
Octave Feuillet's ' Le Village,' and first per-
formed at the Lyceum Theatre, London,
in April, 1S54, with F. Matthews and Mrs.
F. Matthews as Mr. and Mrs. Dormouse,
C. J. Mathews as Tom Russelton, and Miss
Foote as Mary. See Vicarage, The.
Cottagre (The). A two-act opera by
Smith, printed in 1796.
Cottagre Maid (The). A musical piece
performed at Covent Garden in June, 1791.
Cottag-ers (The). (1) An opera by
George Savile Carey {q.v.), printed in
1766. (2) A musical entertainment, per-
formed at Covent Garden and published in
1768. (3) A comic opera in two acts, by
Miss A. Ross {q.v.), printed in 178S.
Cotte, Edward. Vocalist and actor ;
Francis Oshaldistone in 'Rob Roy' at New
Sadler's Wells in October, 1S79.
Cotter, G-eorg-e Sackville O'^rn 1755,
died 1S31), published in 1826 a translation
of Terence for the use of schools, and in
1827 a version of seven of the plays of
Plautus.
Cotton, Charles, miscellaneous writer
(born 1630, died 1687), published in 1671 a
translation of the ' Horace ' of Corneille
{q.v.). See Langbaine's 'Dramatic Poets'
and memoirs by Oldys and Nicolas.
Cotton, Major and Mrs. Gunne, in
Matthison and Wyndham's ' Tantalus '
iq.v.).
Cotton King- (The). A drama in four
acts, by Sutton Vane (7. r.), first performed
at the Academy of Music, New York, in
December, 1893' ; first performed in Eng-
land at the Adelphi Theatre, London, on
March 10, 1894, with a cast including Miss
Marion Terry {Hetty Drayson), Miss ^Ima
Stanley, Miss Hall Caine, C. Warner, E.
O'Neill, H. Flemming, A. Williams, and
C. Cartwright {James Shillinglaw) ; at the
Bowdoin Theatre, Boston, Mass., October
8, 1894.
Cotton Spinner (The). A play by
Scott Marble, first performed at Plain-
field, N. J., August 27, 1896 ; first performed
in New York City, at the Grand Opera
House, August 29, 1S96.
Couche du Soleil. See Regular
Fix, a.
Couldock, Charles "Walter. Actor,
born in London, April, 1815; died 1899;
began his professional career in 1S35 ; made
his first appearance in New York in 1849.
Becoming connected with Laura Keene's
theatre, he was seen there in 1857 as Luke
Fielding in 'The Willow Copse,' and was,
in 1858, the original Ahel Murcot in ' Our
American Cousin ' {q.v.). Among his parts
were Mercutio in 1850 and Dandie Dinmont
in 1860.
Coulisses (Les). See Behind the
Scenes and Vesta's Temple.
Coulisses de la Vie (Les). See
Woman of the World, The.
Councillor's "Wife (The). A comedy
in three acts, by J. K. Jerome {q.v.) and
Eden Philpotts {q.v.), first performed at
the Boston Museum, U.S.A.. April 18, 1892 :
in New Yo'k, at Hoyt's, INIadison Square
Theatre, on the afternoon of November 11,
1892 ; at the Empire Theatre, New York,
on November 6, 1893. See Prude's Pro
gress, The.
Counsel for the Defence. A drams
in five acts, produced "for copyright pur-
poses" at the Opera Comique, London,
I September 9, 1895. — ' Counsel's Opinion,' i
\ " legal episode," by Frederick Bingham
I Theatre Royal, Richmond, Surrey, March
I 24, 1S98; Her Majesty's Theatre, London
I May 24, 1898.
Count Arezzi (The). A dramatic,
poem by Robert Landor {q.v.), publishec
in 1824.
Count Basil. A play by Joann.
Baillie, printed in 1798. The hero is i.
young general in the service of the Empero
Charles V. He arrives with his troops a
Mantua, and there sees and falls in love witl
Victoria, the daughter of the Duke. She doe
not, in so many words, avow her passion'
but asks him to defer his march for a day 0
two. He, of course, consents. Meanwhile
the battle of Pavia takes place ; and Basi
is ordered to lead his men into distan
quarters. Regarding this a^ a disgrace
Basil, who is ambitious of military success-
kills himself, and Victoria is left despairing-
Count Clermont. See Bell, Arch;
Count Koenig-smark. A play tram
lated by B. Thompson from the German 0
Reitzenstein, and published in 1800.
Count of Anjou (The). A music?
romance in one act, performed at Drur'
Lane in May, 1816, with T. Cooke in th'
title part.
Count of Burg-undy (The). Atragecl
in five acts, translated from Kotzebue b-
Ann Plumptre (1798), adapted to the En;'
lish stage by Alexander Pope, and pe.
formed at Covent Garden in AprO, 179'
This play was also translated by Charlc
Smith, and performed at New York in 179
Count of Narbonne (The). Atragec
by Robert Jephson, " evidently founded-
says the ' Biographia Dramatica,' " c
Horace Walpole's ' Castle of Otranto,' " ar
first performed at Covent Garden in Novei
ber, 1781.
I Counter Attraction. " A trifle'
by William Harries Tilbury (gr.), fir
performed at the Strand Theatre, Londo
COUNTERFEIT
COUNTRY GIRL
on November 24, 1851, with a cast including
the author, J. Reeve, Maskell, Hudspeth,
R. Romer, J. Rogers, At wood, and Miss
Marshall.
Counterfeit (The). (1) A farce by
Franklin, performed at Drury Lane in
March, 1S04. (2) A drama in four acts, by
David Fisher, first performed at Brighton,
Sussex, on October 9, 1865, with Miss
RoUason (afterwards Mrs. Nye Chart) as
Lucy.
Counterfeit Brideg-room (The);
or, The Defeated Wido-w. See No
Wit like a Woman's.
Counterfeit Heiress (The). See
Love for Money.
Counterfeits (The). A comedy, per-
formed at Dorset Garden in 1678 ; " by
some," says Langbaine, "ascribed to Lea-
nard, but I believe it too good for his
•writing: it is founded on a translated
Spanish novel called ' The Trapanner Tra-
panned.'" The cast included Smith
(Peralta), Leigh, Betterton ( Vitelli), Under-
bill, Harris, Medbourne, Mrs. Lee {Elvira),
Mrs. Gibbs, etc. Peralta and Vitelli having
exchanged portmanteaus by mistake, the
former passes himself off as the latter ;
whence much confusion. Elvira has been
seduced, but is ultimately married, by
Peralta. See She Would and She Would
Not. (2) A farce, taken from ' Gil Bias,'
and performed at Drury Lane in May, 1764,
with a cast including Yates, Palmer, Bad-
ieley, Mrs. Lee, Mrs. Bradshaw, etc.
Countess (The). (1) A drama in three
lets, by Miss E. Schiff, Alfred Theatre,
London, February 21, 1870. (2) A drama in
;hreeacts, adapted by Lady Monckton froTn
Adolphe Belot's ' Vengeance d'un jNIari '
Paris, 1860), and first performed at Sir
?ercy Shelley's theatre, Chelsea, on June
1, 1882. See SHADOWS OF THE Past.
Countess and the Dancer (The).
see Jealousy.
Countess de Caziac (The). A play
)y H, A. Du Touchet and C. T. Vincent,
)erformed in U.S.A.
Countess Gucki (The). A comedy in
hree acts, adapted by AUGUSTIN Daly
rom the German of Franz von Schonthan,
nd first performed at Daly's Theatre, New
Tork, on January 28, 1896, with Miss Ada
lehan in the title part, Charles Richman
s Bruno von Nexihoff, and James Lewis,
Irs. G. H. Gilbert, etc., in other parts ; at
he Comedy Theatre, London, July 11, 1896,
ast as above.
Countess Roudine (The). A play
y Paul Kester and Minnie Maddern
ISKE, first performed at the Chestnut
treet Opera House, Philadelphia, January
. 1892; first represented in New York at
le Union Square Theatre, January 13, 1892.
Countess of Salisbury (The). A
agedy by Hall Hartson, adapted from
!■• Leland's romance, ' Longsword, Earl of
Salisbury,' and acted first at Dublin in
1764-5. It was performed at the Hay-
market in July and August, 1767, with Mrs.
Dancer as the Countess and Barry as Alwin
(her husband).
Countess Valeska. A romantic drama
in four acts, adapted from ' Der Lange
Preusse' of Rudolf Stratz (Berlin, Decem-
ber, 1896), and first performed at the Knicker-
bocker Theatre, New York, on January 10,
1898, with Miss Julia Marlowe in the title
part, Bassett Roe as "the tall Prussian,"
Alfred Kendrick as the Marquis Von Stur-
mell, and G. W. Anson as General Lamairrois.
Country Attorney (The). A comedy
by Richard Cumberland, first performed
at the Haymarket Theatre in July, 1787. In
an altered form it was produced at Covent
Garden in 1789, under the title of ' The
School for Widows.'
Country Captain (The). A comedv
by the Duke of Newcastle, acted at Black
Friars, and printed at the Hague in 1649.
Pepys saw it performed in 1661— "so silly
a play as in all my life I never saw."
Country Circus (The). A play by
Charles Barnard and C B. Jefferson,
first performed at the Walnut Street The-
atre, Philadelphia, October 26, 1891.
Country Coquette (The). A musical
piece, printed in 175.5.
Country Editor (The). A play by
N. H. Wright, performed in U.S.A.
Country Fair (The). A "prelude,"
acted at the opening of Covent Garden
Theatre on September 20, 1775.
Country Girl (The). (1) A comedy
by "T. B." [VTony Brewer or Thomas
Brewer], printed in 1647. It was acted in
1677 under the title of ' Country Innocence ;
or, The Chambermaid Turn'd Quaker.' (2)
A comedy in five acts, adapted by David
Garrick from 'The Country Wife' iq.v.)
of Wycherley {q.v.), and first performed at
Drury Lane on October 25, 1766, with Miss
Reynolds [afterwards :Mrs. Saunders] as
Peggy, Mrs. Palmer as Alithea, Miss Pope
as Lucy, Holland as Moody, Cautherley as
Belville, Palmer as Ilarcourt, and Dodd as
Sparkish. " Garrick," writes Genest, " has
borrowed Sparkish's song, and several
speeches from Lee's alteration word for
word. Belville's making of love to Peggy
from the tavern window is borrowed from
' The Gentleman Dancing Master.'" 'The
Country Girl ' was revived at Drury Lane
in October, 1785, with Mrs. Jordan as Peggy,
King as Moody, and Bannister, jun.', as
Belville ; at Covent Garden on November 23,
1805, with Miss Mudie as Peggy, Miss
Brunton as Alithea, Mrs. Mattocks as Lucy,
Brunton as Belville, C. Kemble as Ilarcourt,
Murray as Moody, and Farley as Spaykish
["Miss Mudie appeared to be about eight
years old. . . . The audience soon began to
testify their displeasure, and Miss Mudie
was not suffered to finish her part" (Ge-
nest)] ; at the Lyceum Theatre in 1810-11,
COUNTRY HOUSE
342
COUNTRY WIFE
with Mrs. Edwin as Peggy, Wrouglaton as
Moody, Russell as Sparkish, and Mrs. Orger
as Alithea ; at Covent Garden in May, ISll,
with Miss S. Booth as Peggy, Mrs. Gibbs as
Lucy, Munden as Moody, and Barrymore as
Harcourt; at Drury Lane in November,
1815, with Mrs. Mardyn as Peggy, Bartley as
Moody, Wallack as Harcourt, and S. Penley
as Sparkish ; at Covent Garden in December,
1828, with Miss Nelson as Peggy, Mrs.
Chatterley as Alithea, and Fawcett as
Moody; at the Gaiety Theatre, London,
in January, 1881, with Miss Litton as Miss
Peggy, Jliss Helen Creswell as Alithea, Miss
M. Harris as Maria, W. Farren as Moody,
E. F. Edgar as Harcourt, F. Everill as
Sparkish, J. T. Stephens as Belville ; first
performed in New York at Daly's Theatre
on February 16, 1884, with Miss Ada Rehan
as Peggy, C. Fisher as Moody, J. Drew as
Belville, G. Parkes as Sparkish, Miss Vir-
ginia Dreher as Alithea, Miss Helen Leyton
as Lucy, Yorke Stephens as Harcourt ; at the
Strand Theatre, London, on the afternoon of
June 19, 1887, with Miss A. Hewitt a.s Peggy,
W. Farren as Moody, S. Valentine as Har-
court, M. Brodieas Sparkish, Fuller Mellish
as Belville, Miss G. Homf rey as Alithea, and
Miss L. Harcourt as Lucy; at Daly's The-
atre, London, January, 1894 ; at Terry's
Theatre, London, in June, 1898, with Miss
K. Vaughan. It has been played in the
English provinces with W. Calvert and Miss
Clara Cowper in the principal parts.
Country House (The). A farce trans-
lated by Sir John Vanbrugh {q.v.), almost
literally, from the ' Maison de Campagne '
of D'Ancourt. It must have come out,
says Genest, between 1697 and 1703. The
scene is laid in Normandy, and Madame
Barnard, the wife of the owner of the
Country House, was originally played by
Mrs. Verbruggen. At Drury Lane in June,
1705, the part was taken by Mrs. Mountfort.
The piece v,'as revived at Covent Garden in
1735 and 1758.
Country Inn (The). A comedy by
Joanna Baillie (q.v.), printed in 1804.
Country Innocence. See Country
Girl.
Country Lasses (The); or, The
Custom of the Manor. A comedy by
Charles Johnson ('/-v.), adapted from
Fletcher's ' Custom of the Country ' (q.v.)
and Mrs. Behn's 'City Heiress' (q.v.) ; acted
at Drury Lane in 1715 ; performed so lately
as 1813 at Bath.
Country Madcap (The). See iMiss
Lucy in Town.
Country Postmaster (The). A play
by A. E. Fanshaw, performed in U.S.A.
Country Quarters. A farce with
music by John Barnett (q.v.).
Country Squire (The). A drama in
two acts, by Charles Dance (q.v.), first
performed at Covent Garden on January 19,
1837, with W. Fan-en as Squire Broadlands,
and other parts by J. Webster, Mrs. Glover
etc.
Country Wake (The). A comedy b'
Thomas Dogget (q.v.), acted at Lincoln'ii
Inn Fields in 1696, with the author as younj
Hob, Betterton as Woodvill, Underbill a
Sir Thomas Testie, Kyhaston as Friendly
Mrs. Barry as Lady Testie, Mrs. Bracegirdli
as Flora, Mrs. Bowman as Lucia, Mrs
Leigh as Betty, etc. ; reduced to one act am
played at Drury Lane in 1711 ; revived, a
a farce, at Covent Garden in 1760 ; turnec
into a musical farce, under the title o
' Flora ; or, Hob in the Well ' (Drury Lane
1767).
Country Wedding" (The). (l)Apiec:
performed at Drury Lane in July, 1714. (2
A " tragi-comi-pastoral-farcical opera" b:
Effex "Hawker, acted at Lincoln's In
Fields in .May, 1729. (3) A ballad farce ii:
one act, acted at the Haymarket, and printe
in 1749.
Country Wife (The). A comedy i
five acts, by William Wycherley (q.v.,
written about 1671-72, and performed b
the King's Company at Lincoln's In'
Fields "some time between the ear]
spring of 1672 and that of 1674," with Hai
as Horner, Mohun as PincJnvife, Kynasto
as Harcourt, Haynes as Sparkish, Car-
Wright as Sir Jasj^er Fidget, Lydal i
Dorilant, Shotterel as Quack, ^Nlrs. Bowt-
as Mrs. Pinchicife (Margery), Mrs. Knap
as Lady Fidget, Mrs. James as Alithea, Mr
Corbet as Dainty Fidget, Mrs. Cory as Luc
Mrs. Wyatt as 3[rs. Squeamish, and Mr
Rutter as old Lady Squeamish. The pi'
owes something both to Moliere's 'L'Eco
des Femmes ' and to his ' L'Ecole d '
Maris.' "From the former of the;'
Wycherley derived his conception of tl'
jealous man who keeps under close restrai'
a young and ignorant woman, with the va;
hope of thereby securing her fidelity
him. Agnes's innocent confessions
Arnolphe of her lover's stratagems ai
her own esteem for him find a counterpa
in the Country Wife's frankness on
similar occasion. . . . From 'L'Ecole d
INIaris,' again, Wycherley has borrow.'
one or two incidents : the imprisoned gir'
device of making her would-be husband (
the English play, her actual husband) t
bearer of a letter to her gallant, and t
trick by which Isabella causes her tyrai'
under the impression that she is anotl
woman, to consign her with bis c'
hands to his rival" (W. C. Ward). T
comedy was revived at Drury Lane in Apr
1709, with Mrs. Bicknell as Margery, M
Bradshaw as Alithea, Wilks as Horn
Mills as Harcourt, Powell as PincMvi
Gibber as Sparkish, Bullock as Sir Jas^
Estcourt as Quack ; at the same theatre
May, 1715, with Booth as Pinchwife, Noi;
as Sir Jasper, Ryan as Dorilant, M
Saunders as Lady Fidget, Mrs. Santl;
as Alithea, Mrs. i3ignall as Margery, ai
Mrs. Younger as Dainty ; at Lincoln's I
Fields in October, 1725, with Ryan i
COUNTRY WIT
343
COURT
Horner, Quin as Pinchivife, Walker as
Harcourt, Mrs. Younger as Margery, and
Mrs. Bullock as Laclj/ Fidget ; at Drury
Lane in February, 1735, with W. Mills as
Horner, Gibber, jun., as Sj^arkish, GriflSn
as Sir Jasper, Kitty Clive as Margery, and
Mrs. Pritchard as Lady Fidget ; at Co vent
Garden in January, 1742, with Bri()ge water
as Pinchu'ife, Chapman as Sparkish, Mrs.
Pritchard as Margery, and Mrs. Mullart
as Lady Fidget; and at Drury Lane in
November, 1748, with Palmer as Horner,
Yates as Sir Jasper, and Woodward as
Sparkish. On April 26, 1765, there was
produced at Drury Lane an arrangement of
Wycherley's play, in two acts, the adapter
being Lee, who played Pinchivife to the
Sparkish of King, the Harcourt of Parsons,
the Dorilant of Packer, the Margery of
Miss Slack, the Alithea of Mrs. Hopkins.
In this version Horner and Sir Jasper and
Lady Fidget were omitted, Dorilant being
made the lover of Mrs. Pinchirife. The
first act was practically Wycherley's ; in
the second the modifications of the original
were very considerable. This adaptation
was played at Covent Garden in 1768, 1776,
and 1786. See Country Girl. The.
Country "Wit (The). A comedy by J.
Crowne ((2. 1-.), owing a good deal to Moliere's
' Sicilien, ou 1' Amour Peintre,' and acted at
the Duke's Theatre in 1675. We are told
that it was "a great favourite Avith King
Charles II." The "country wit" is one Sir
Mannerly Shallow.
Countryman (The). A play entered
on the books of the Stationers' Company,
September, 1653.
"County (The). A play in four acts, by
EsTELLE BURNEY (7. v.) and Arthur Ben-
ham (q-.r.), first performed at Terry's Theatre,
London, on June 2, 18i)2, with a cast includ-
ing Miss Burney, Mrs. H. Waring, Miss A.
Hughes, Miss H. Cowen, II. Waring, W. L.
Abingdon, and H. V. Esmond.
County Councillor (The). A comedy
in three acts, by H. Graham, produced at
Ladbroke Hall, London, on October 17, 1891;
at the Crystal Palace on November 17, 1892,
and on the following afternoon at the Strand
Theatre, London, with E. W. Garden in the
title part, and other parts by Yorke
Stephens, W. Lestocq, E. Hendrie, and
Miss F. Brough ; revived at the Trafalgar
Square Theatre in February, 1893.
County Fair (The). A play by
Charles Barnard, first performed at Bur-
lington, N.J., on October 6, 1SS8, with
NeU Burgess as Abigail Price ; first repre-
sented in New York at Proctor's Twenty-
Third Street Theatre, March 5, 1889 ; pro-
duced at Brixton Theatre, London, on April
12, 1897, and at the Princess's Theatre, Lon-
don, on June 5, 1897.
^ Coupeau, in Charles Reade's 'Drink'
\q.v.), reappears in ' Another Drink ' {q.v.).
Coupee. A dancing-master in Field-
ing's ' Virgin Unmasked ' {q.v.).
Coupler, in Lee's ' Man of Quality '
(.q.v.) and Hollingshead's ' Man of Quality.'
Coupon. A stockbroker in Walter
Phillips's ' Paper Wings ' {q.v.).
Coupon Bonds. A play by J. T.
Trowbridge {q.v.), performed in U.S.A.
Cour du Roi Petaud (La). See Fleur
de Lys.
Couragre. (1) A drama by Henry Gas-
COIGNE, Marylebone Theatre, October 25,
1886. (2) A play by A. C. Gunter iq.v.),
performed in the United States.
Courag-eous Turk (The); or, Amu-
rath the First. A play by Thomas
Goffe (died 1627).
Couramont, Prosper, in J.Palgrave
Simpson's ' Scrap of Paper ' {q.v.), was after-
wards re-christened Colonel Blake {q.v.).
Courcelles, Marie de, in Mrs. HOL-
FORD's ' Republican Marriage ' {q.v.).
Courier of Lyons (The). A drama in
four acts, by MM. Moreau, Siraudin, and
Delacour, performed at the Gaite, Paris, on
March 16, 1850, with M. Lacressoni^re in the
dual rdle {Joseph Lesurques and Duhosc), and
at the St. Jame.s's Theatre, London, in 1859.
Of this there have been several English
adaptations. (1) By Lewis Phillips, per-
formed in three acts at the Standard Thea-
tre, London, on March 10, 1851, with J.
Rayner and R. Honner as Joseph Lesurques
and Duhosc, and Mrs. R. Honner as Jeanne.
(2) By Edward Stirling (in three acts),
at the Marylebone Theatre in 1852. (3) Bv
Charles Reade ; first performed at the
Princess's Theatre on June 26, 1854, with
Charles Kean as Joseph Lesurques and Du-
hosc, J.Vining as Daubenton, J. F. Cathcartas
Didier, Miss Kate Terry as Joliquet, Addison
as Choppard, D. Fisher as Courriol, H. Saker
as Fouinard, Miss C. Leclercq as J*ulie
Lesurques, and Miss Heath as Jeanne;
revived at the Gaiety Theatre, London, on
July 4, 1870, with H. Vezin as Duhosc and
Lesurques, R. Soutar as Courriol, Miss Fane
as Jitlie, Mrs. H. Leigh as Janette, Miss E.
Farren as Joliquet. See Ly'ONS Mail. (4>
At the Victoria Theatre on July 10, 1854,
with E. F. Saville as Joseph Lesurques and
Duhosc, and Mrs. H. Vining as Jeanne. (5)
At the Adelphi Theatre on July 17, 1854,
with L. Murray as Joseph Lesurques and
Duhosc, D. Parselle as Daubenton, " O."
Smith as Jerome Lesurques, Paul Bedford
as Choppard, C. Selby as Courriol, Garden as
Fouinard, Miss F. Maskell as Julie, and
Mrs. L. Murray as Jeanne. (6) By JOHN
COLEJIAN {q.v.), performed at Sheffield.
Courier of the Czar (The). (1) A
drama in four acts, by Hugh Marston,
Standard Theatre, London, May 21, 1877.
(2) A drama in three acts, by Charles
Osborne, Theatre Royal, Liverpool, May
14, 1877.
Court, Quality. A barrister in G. H.
Lewes' ' Lawyers' {q.v.).
M^
COURT
344
COURT SECRET
Court (The), the Prison, and the
Scaffold. A drama by R. Bell, Bri-
tannia Theatre, London, November 30, 1S74.
Court and Camp. An adaptation by
G. Roberts from Paul Meurice's ' Fanfan
la Tulippe,' produced at the Princess's
Theatre, London, in June, 1863. See King's
Butterfly.
Court and City. A comedy in five
acts, adapted by R. B. Peake (q.v.) from
scenes in Steele's ' Tender Husband ' {^q.v.)
and Mrs. Sheridan's ' Discovery,' and first
performed at Covent Garden on November
17, 1841, with a cast including W. Farren
(as Sir Paladin Scruple), C. Mathews, W.
Lacy, F. Matthews, A. Wigan (as Lionel
Scruple), R. Honner, Diddear, Bartley,
Harley, Mrs. W. West, Mdme. Vestris, Mrs.
Nisbett, Mrs. W. Lacy, etc.
Court and Country; or. The
Changreling-s. A ballad opera, printed
in 1743.
Court Beauties (The). A dramatic
sketch in one act, by J. R. PlanchS (q.v.),
first performed at the Olympic Theatre,
London, on March 12, 1835, with Bland as
Buckingham, J. Vining as Sir George Heivitt,
F. Matthews as Sir John Himks, W. Vining
as Sir Peter Lehj, Miss Paget as Miss Lawson,
Mdme. Vestris as Tiffany, etc. ; revived at
the Lyceum in June, 1851, with G. J. Vining
as Charles II., C. J. Mathews &% Buckingham,
R. Roxby as Hewitt, F. Matthews in his
original jpart, B. Baker as Lely, Miss M.
Oliver as Miss Lau'son, and Miss St. George
as Tiffany. Planche admitted that he was
indebted to Douglas Jerrold for the idea of
the piece. An incident in Shirley's ' Hyde
Park ' was also made use of. " The scene in
which ' King Charles II.'s Beauties ' were
represented in their frames, from the well-
known pictures at Hampton Court, by ladies
of the company, was a tableau vivant as
novel as it was effective."
Court Beg-g-ar (The). A comedy by
Richard Brome (q.v.). acted at the Cockpit
in 1632, and printed in 1653. " This is one
of Brome's most amusing comedies. The
old knight turned speculator. Sir Andrew
Mendicant, is a happy attemjjt in Jonson's
manner. The projectors are diverting. . . .
One of their schemes is a floating play-
house " (A. W. Ward).
Court Cards. A comic drama in two
acts, adapted from the French by J. Pal-
GRAVE Simpson (q.v.), and first performed at
the Olympic Theatre, London, on November
25, 1861, with II. Neville as Prince Max of
Altenfels, G. Cooke as Baron von Babbleberg,
W. Gordon as Conrad von Rosenthal, H.
Cooper as Sergeant Brummer, Mrs. Leigh
Murray as the Doicager Duchess of Altenfels,
and Miss Amy Sedgwick as Princess Amelia
of Helden Lausen. Henry Morley describes
the piece as "a gaily complicated little
drama of intrigue."
Court Favour; or, "Private and
Confidential." A play by J. R. Planch^
(q.v.), first performed at the Olympic The-
atre, London, on September 29,' 1836, wi*b
Mdme. Vestris, C. J. Mathews, F. Mat-
thews, J. Vining, J. Brougham, Mrs.
Macnamara, and Miss Goward (Mrs. Keeley;
in the cast ; revived at the Strand Theatre^
London, in August, 1858, with Miss Marie
Wilton as Lucy Morton.
Court Fool (The) ; or, A King's
Amusement. A tragic drama in three
acts, adapted by W. E. Burton from Hugo's
' Le Roi S'Amuse ' (q.v.), and first performed
at Sadler's Wells on May 11, 1840, with H.
Marston as Triboulet (the Court Fool), Mrs.
R. Honner as Blanche (his daughter), and
other parts by R. Honner, Mrs. R. Barnett.
Court G-allants. A comedy adapted
by C. Selby from the French, and first
performed at the Royalty Theatre, London,
on August 31, 1863, by a cast including
Mrs. C. Selby, Miss Eliza Newton, Miss
Lydia Maitland, :Miss Pelham, W. H. Ste-
phens, David James, J. Robins, etc.
Court Jester (The). A comedietta
adapted by C. J. Mathews from the French
(q.v.), and first performed at the Havmarket'
in July, 1832. ' '\
Court Medley; or, Marriage by
Proxy. A ballad opera in three acts,'
printed in 1733.
Court of Alexander (The). A bur
lesque opera in two acts, attributed to G.
A. Stevens (q.v.), and printed in 1770.
Court of Honour (A). A play ir
three acts, by John Lart and Charles
Dickinson, produced at the Royalty The
atre, London, in May, 1897, with a casl
including Miss Eleanor Calhoun, Miss
Nina Boucicault, Fred Terry, and W. L
Abingdon. j
Court of Oberon; or, The Thre«
Wishes. A dramatic entertainment bj;
the COUNTE.SS of Hardwicke.
Court of Old Fritz (The). A bur
letta, first performed at the Olympic The
atre, London, November, 1838, with W
Farren as Frederick the Great and Vol
taire.
Court of Queen's Bench (The). A'
vaudeville, with music by John Barnett
produced at the Lyceum Theatre, London
by Mdme. Vestris (q.v.). -,
Court Scandal (A). A con:edy ii
three acts, adapted by Aubrey Boucicaul'i
and Osmond Shillingford from *Le:
Premieres Armes de Richelieu' of Bayarc
and Dumanoir (Palais Royal, Paris, Decern
ber, 1839), and first performed at the Cour
Theatre, London, on January 24, 1899, wit]
a cast including Seymour Hicks, AUai
Aynesworth, J. D. Beveridge, Miss Dorothe;
Baird, aiiss Le Thiere, Miss F. Wood, Mis
E. Matthews, Miss M. Clements, etc.
transferred to the Garrick Theatre on 31a.,
10, 1899.
Court Secret (The). A tragi-comedy b.
James Shirley (q.v.), printed in 1653, an^
COURT THEATRE
345
COUSIN TOM
acted, after the Restoration, by the King's
Company. The secret is that of the Duchess
Mendoza, governess to Carlo, Crown Prince
of Spain, who is supposed to have been
stolen, the fact being that the Duchess had
out her son Julio in his place.
Court Theatre. See London The-
atres.
Courtal, Sir Francis. A character
in Taverner's 'Artful Wife '(q.v.).
Courtall, Captain. A character in
Bullock's 'Adventures of Half an Hour'
(q.v.). (2) Courtall, in Mrs. Cowley's ' Belle's
Stratagem' (q.v.), is a fop and a libertine.
(3) There is a Sir Charles Courtall in 'The
Married Bachelor ' (q.v.).
Courte, S. X. [nom-de-guerre]. Play-
wright; author of 'The Great Pearl Case'
(afterwards 'The Wife of Dives') (1894);
'Villon, Poet and Cutthroat' (1894); 'The
Average Man' (1895); and the libretto of
' The Royal Star ' (1898).
Courted into Court. A farce comedy
in three acts, l)y J. J. McNally, originally
produced at Omaha, Nebraska, December
5,1896, with Miss May Irwin in the chief
part ; first performed in New York City at
'the Bijou Tneatre, December 29, 1896.
Courtenay, in Tom Taylor's ' 'Twixt
ixe and ('rown ' (q.v.).
Courtine, in Otway's 'Soldier's For-
tune' (q.v.). is in love with Sylvia. (2)
Jourtine, in Bl'RNABY'S 'Lady's Visiting
')a,y' (q.v.), marries Lady Lovetoy.
Courtly. (1) A character in Miller's
Art and Nature' (q.v.). (2) Sir Charles
lourtly, in Dibdin's 'Farmer's Wife' (q.v.),
bducts the heroine. (3) Sir Harcourt
'ourtly, in Boucicault's 'London Assur-
nee' (q.v.), is an old beau, whose son
'harles is the " jeune premier" of the piece.
1) There is a Sir James Courtly in Mrs.
iENTLlVRE's ' Basset-Table ' (q.v.). A Mrs.
'ourtly figures (5) in ' Free and Easy ' (q.v.),
ad (6) in O'Beirne's ' Generous Impostor '
uv.).
Courtney, John. Actor and play-
right, born 1813, died 1865 ; author of
iged Forty,' ' Double-faced People,' ' Eu-
ache Baudin,' ' Old Joe and Young Joe,'
rime tries All,' ' The Two Polts,' ' Vanity.'
The Wicked Wife.'
Courtney, William Leonard. Dra-
atic and miscellaneous writer ; author of
^it Marlowe' (1890), 'Gaston Boissier'
593), ' Undine ' (1903), which see ; author,
^0, of ' The Idea of Tragedy in Ancient and
odern Drama' (1900), and of manv criti-
cs of the theatre, in the London Daily
legraph and elsewhere. See Oxford.
Oourtship; or. The Three Caskets,
comedy by H. J. Byrox (q.v.), first per-
med at the Court Theatre, London, on
tober 10, 1879, with C. F. Coghlan as
iward Trentham, Wilson Barrett as De
vrcy, G. W. Anson as Phineas Gubbins.
I
A. Dacre as Moltino, H. Reeves Smith as
Tom Lilfield, Miss Amy Roselle as Millicent
Vivian, Miss E. Ormsby as Fanny, Mrs
Lei^h Murray as Mrs. McTartar, Miss M. A.
Giffard as a maid.
Courtship-a-la-Mode. A comedy bv
David Craufurd, acted at Drury Lane in
1700.
Courtship of Leonie (The). A plav
by Henry V. Esmond, first performed
Parson's Theatre, Hartford, Ct., November
20, 1896 ; first represented in New York
at the Lyceum Theatre, November 24, 1896.
Courtship of Miles Standish(The).
A play by E. W. Presbrey, performed in
U.S.A. See Maid of Plymouth and May-
flower.
Courtship of Morrice Buckler
(The). A play in four acts, adapted bv
A. E. W. Mason and Isabel Bateman (q.v'.)
from the former's novel of the same name,
and produced at the Grand Theatre, Isling-
ton, December 6, 1897.
Cousin from Australia (The). A
farcical comedy in three acts, by Sydney
Blackburn, Opera Comique, London,
April 11, 1898.
Cousin Cherry. A farce by Henry
Spicer (q.v.), performed at the Olvmpic
Theatre, London, in 1848, with Mrs. Stirling
in the title r6le.
Cousin Dick. A comedietta in one act,
by Val Prinsei', R.A. (q.v.), first performed
at the Court Tiieatre, London, on March 1,
1879, by MissK. Pattison, Miss C. Grahaine,
andT. N. Wenman ; revived at tlie Criterion
Theatre, London, on July 3, 18S6.
Cousin G-race. A play by J. Dilley
and L. Clifton. Gaiety Theatre, London,
December 4, 1884.
Cousin Jack. A comedy in three acts,
adapted from the German of Roderick Bene-
dix by Hermann Vezin, and first per-
formed at Worthing on September 30, 1891 ;
Eroduced at the 0^€vs. Comique Theatre,
ondon, on the afternoon of November 12
in that year, -svith the adapter in the title
part.
Cousin Johnny. A comedy in three
acts, by J. F. Nisbet (q.v.) and C. M. Rae
(q.v.), first performed at the Strand Theatre,
London, July 11, 1885, with J. S. Clarke in
the title role, supported by H. R. Teesdale,
F. Wyatt, Creston Clarke, H. Astlev, Miss
E. Bufton, Miss L. Buckstone, Miss M.
Hudspeth, Miss C. Ewell, etc.
Cousin Kate. See One of our Girls.
Cousin Lambkin. A farce by J. Mad-
DisoN Morton (q.v.).
Cousin Peter. A farce in one act, by
T. E. WiLKS (q.v.), first performed at the
Olympic Theatre, London, on October 11,
1841.
Cousin Tom. A comedietta in one act,
by G. Roberts (q.v.), first performed at the
COUSIN ZACHARY
COVENTRY PLAYS
Princess's Theatre, London, on June 8, 1863,
■with G. Belmore as Mr. yewington Cosicay,
and other parts by Fitzjames, R. Cathcart,
and Miss M. Oliver.
Cousin Zachary. A one-act play, per-
formed in America in 1887, with Felix
Morris in the title part.
Cousin Zack. A comedietta by Her-
bert Gardner (q-v.), first performed at the
Theatre Royal, Windsor, November 28, 1883.
Cousins, A comedy in three acts,
by Hamilton Aide (q.v.). first performed
at the Shelley Theatre, Chelsea, London,
December 13, i882, with Miss Rosina Yokes
(Mrs. Cecil Clay) as Miss Vane.
Cousins' Courtship. A "sketch" by
:\Iary Collette, Lyric Theatre, London,
September 24, 1892.
Couteaux d'Or. See Golden Dag-
gers, The.
Coutts, Mrs. See Mellon, Harriett.
Covenanters (Th.e). A musical drama,
performed at the English Opera House,
London, in August, 1835, with music com-
posed and selected by Edward Loder, and
with Miss P. Horton in a leading role.
Coveney. Actor, born 1790, died 1881 ;
made his London debit t at Drury Lane in
September, 1815. He was connected with
the Haymarket Theatre for nearly thirty
years. Most of his children— notably Jane
and Harriett Coveney ((7. i'.)— became mem-
bers of the histrionic profession.
Coveney, Harriett [Mrs. Charles
Jecks]. Actress, born 1828, died 1892 ;
made her professional d>:'biit at Edinburgh
in 1835. She continued for some years to
play children's parts in the provinces and
in London, where she made her first notable
appearance as an adult at the Adelphi The-
atre in l:i49-50, as Fnncess Agatha in the
Broughs' ' Frankenstein ' (q.v.). After this,
she was the first representative of many
parts in pantomime, and also of the follow-
ins (and other) characters -.—Adolphe in
'Falsacappa' (Globe, 1S71), the Bai-oness in
' La Vie Paiisienne ' (Holborn, 1872), the
Marquise in ' L'QEil Creve ' (Opera Comique,
1872), Irna Aussa in Burnand's ' Kissi-Kissi '
(Opera Comique, 1873), Clorinde in ' La Jolie
Parfumeuse' (Royalty, 1878), Madeline in
'Over-Proof (Royalty, 1S78), Jane Garside
in Boucicault's 'Rescued' (Adelphi, 1879),
yanette in Wills's ' Ninon ' (Adelphi, 1880),
Eliza Lahsey in ' Billee Taylor ' (Imperial,
1S80), Mrs. Jeff's in ' The Member for Slocum '
(Royalty, ISSl), Mrs. O'Gulhj in 'The Great
Mogul' (Royalty, ISSl), Mistress Betty in
Solomon's ' Claude Duval ' (Olympic, 1881),
Lady Muggeridge in ' Dust ' (Royalty. 1881),
Leila in Solomon's ' Lord Bateman ' (Gaiety,
1&S2), Sally Cowslip in Solomon's ' Virginia
and Paul' (Gaiety, 1883), Mrs. Timmins in
'In the Ranks' (Adelphi. 1S83). Mrs. No. 22
in ' The Last Chance ' (Adelphi, 1885), Mrs.
Primrose in ' The Vicar of "Wideawakefleld '
(Gaiety, 1885), Mrs. Sheppard in ' Little Jack
Sheppard' (Gaiety, 1885), and Mrs. Pritett
in Cellier's ' Dorothy ' (Gaiety, 18S6). Among
other parts played by her were those of
Betsy Trotwood and Flibbertigibbet in re-
vivals of 'Little Em'ly ' (Adelphi, 1875) and
' Amy Robsart ' (Drury Lane, 1877).
Coveney, Jane [Mrs. Larkins]. Actress,
born 1^24, ilied 1900 ; played Portia in
' Julius Cfesar ' at the Surrey Theatre in
1851. Among other parts in which she
distinguished herself in London or the pro-
vinces were Mrs. Malaprop, Mrs. Floyd in
Tom Taylor's ' Mary Warner,' Jeremiah
Blobbs in F. Harveys ' Wages of Sin,' etc.
She acted with mo'st of the "stars" froir
Macready to Mdlle. Beatrice.
Covent Garden. A comedy by Tegma.^
Nabbes {q. v.), first performed in 1632, bui,
not printed till 1638.
Covent Garden Theatre. See Lox
DON Theatres.
Covent Garden Tragredy (The). .-
burlesque in two acts, by Henry FieldiN(
{q.v.), acted at Drury Lane in June, 1732
with Cibber, jun., as Lovegirlo, Mullart a.
Captain Bdkum, Miss Rafter as Eissanda.
Mrs. Mullart as Stormanda, etc. It was :
travesty of ' The Distressed Mother ' (g.t;.). ,'
Covent Garden Weeded (The). ..
play by R. Brome (q.v.'^, printed in 1659.
Coventry Plays (The), so called, ar;
to be found in manuscript (dating about 146"-
in the Cottonian collection in the Britisi
Museum. They are forty-two in number, an'
are associated with Coventry on the authorit'
of an inscription by Dr. Richard Jame'-
Sir Robert Cotton's librarian (about 1630)-;
"Vulgo dicitur hie liber Ludus Coventria,
sive Ludus Coi-poris Christi." A. W. Po,
lard, however, expresses his belief thi
"further investigation will lead to the di-
cisive connection of this cycle not wit
Coventry, but with the Eastern countie'
As Professor Ten Brink has pointed out, tl
dialect and scribal peculiarities of the
plays belong rather to the North - Ea
iNIidlands than to the neighbourhood •
Coventry " (' English Miracle Plays '). ;
passage at the close of the prologue sugges'
that the pieces were performed not on'
in Coventry but in other towns. "TJ
practice was to perform the first twenti
eight plavs, covering the period from Cre-
tion of tlie World to the Betrayal of Chri;:
one year, and the remaining plays, up
Doomsday, the next year." " In this cy('
the didactic speeches elsewhere assign ;
to a ' Doctor ' or ' Expositor ' are deliver"
by an allegorical personage called Cc
templacio. Death is personified, and
play on the Salutation is prefaced by a lo
prologue in heaven, in which the speak<
are (besides Deus Pater and Deus Fili,
Veritas, Misericordia, Justicia, and P|'
The tendency towards the personificati
of abstract ideas is a mark of late date*
the history of the miracle plays, and he
to link this cvcle to the earlier moralitit
(Pollard). "I cannot but think '(says
"(5
COVERLEY
COWELL
W. Ward) "that in their composition the
Coventry plays show signs not perhaps of
ecclesiastical origin, but of the direct in-
fluence of ecclesiastical minds. . . . The
Grey Friars of Coventry are known to have
performed a cycle of Corpus Christi plays,
but it is rather of internal evidence that I
am speaking" ('English Dramatic Litera-
ture '). It may be added that miracle plays
were acted by the various tradesmen of
Coventry from an early date to 1580, when
the performances stopped. An effort to
.•evive them was made in 1584, but they had
nearly outlived their day, and after 1591
they ceased altogether.
Coverley, Sir Rogrer de. See Sir
Roger de Coverley.
Cow Doctor (The). A comedy in three
icts, printed in 1810. "The Cow Doctor,"
5ays Genest, "is the name given, by low
md ignorant persons, to any practitioner on
,he vaccine system."
Coward Conscience. A play by A.
►Vallack and A. C. Byrne, performed in
J.S.A. in 1888.
Cowardly Foe (A). A piece in one
ict, by VVynn Miller, pei-formed at the
criterion Theatre, London, July 12, 1892.
Cowboy and the Lady (The). A
;omedy in three acts, by Cly'de Fitch
q.v.), performed originally at Philadelphia,
J.S.A., on March 13, 1899 ; produced at the
)uke of York's Theatre, London, June 5,
899, with N. C. Goodwin as Teddy North,
liss Maxine Elliott as 3frs. Weston, and
liss Gertrude Elliott as Midge.
Cowell, Joseph Leathley. Actor;
eal name, Witchett ; born in Devonshire,
792, died 1S63 ; was in the navy during his
sens ; joined the histrionic profession in
anuary, 1812, making his first appearance
t Plymouth. After this came engagements
t Richmond, AV^oolwich (where he began
ork as a scene-painter), and Brighton,
'ith Faulkner on the Northern Circuit
.vhere he first played Crack in ' The Turn-
ike Gate'), and with T. Robertson at
incoln. His London dibut was made at
'rury Lane under the auspices of Stephen
lemble, as Saimon Rawhold in ' The Iron
hest.' For a time he travelled the Lin-
:)ln Circuit with an entertainment called
Cowell Alone ; or, A Ti-ip to London.'
ater he was engaged successively at the
delphi, Drury Lane (with Elliston), and
stley's. Invited to America, he made his
rst appearance there in October, 1821, at
le Park Theatre, New York, opening as
rack and in ' The Foundling of the Forest.'
eaving the Park in July, 1823, he entered
pen a career of popularity throughout the
tates. In 1827 he became manager of a
leatre at Wilmington, Delaware. He was
I England in 1846 and 1854. He returned
lere in 1863, in which year he died. He
id published at New York in 1844 his
xount of ' Thirty Years passed among
le Players in England and America.' By
s second wife he had a daughter, Sidney
Frances, who became the wife of H. L.
Bateman {q.v.'). See ' Dictionary of National
Biography ' (1887).
Cowell, Liydia. Actress ; has been the
original representative of the following (and
other) characters -.—Jo in ' Jo, the Outcast '
(Margate, 1876), Ernestine in ' Clockwork '
(Olympic, London, 1877), Fanchon in ' Little
Cricket ' (Hull, 1878), Sybil in ' The Lord of
the Manor' (Imperial, London, ISSO), Bunch
in ' Divorce ' (Vaudeville, 1881), EiUh Pinch
in ' Tom Pinch ' (Vaudeville, 1881), Grace
Delajield in ' Reclaimed ' (Haymarket, 1881),
Winsome Weare in ' Out of the Hunt *
(Royalty, 1881), Lucinda in ' Gammon '
(Vaudeville, 1882), Lady Magniac in 'The
Novel Reader' (Globe, 1882), Mary Middle-
ton in ' Lady Clare ' (Globe, 1883), Skindler
in 'Hard Up' (Strand, 1883), Kitty Tweed in
• Homespun ' (Novelty, 1884), Lottie Fane in
* Lottie ' (Novelty, 1S84), Louisa in ' Wifey '
(Strand, 1885), Violetta in * Old Sinners '
((Jaiety. 1886), Cherry Jefcoat in 'Hard
Hit ' (Haymarket, 1887), Gertrude in ' The
Alderman' (Criterion, 1887), Matilda in
' Oh ! these Widows ! ' (Terry's, 1889), Polly
in • Queen's Counsel ' (Comedy, 1890), Emma,
in ' Nerves ' (Comedy, 1890). Jane in * May
and December' (Comedy, 1890). Amelia in
' The Gifted Lady ' (Avenue, 1891). Other
parts played by Miss Cowell include
Virginia in ' Virginius ' (with Creswick
at the Surrey in October, 1880, and
with McCullough at Drury Lane in May,
1881), Cordelia in ' King Lear' (with Signor
Rossi at Her Majesty's, 1882). Jenny in
' The Queen's Shilling' (St. James's, 1S85),
Dorinda in 'The Money Spinner' (St.
James's, 1885), Nanine in ' Heartsease '
(Olympic, 1887), Miss Barron in ' Pink
Doniinos ' (Comedy, 1889), Sally in ' The
Clockmaker'a Hat' (Comedy, 1890).
Cowell, Samuel Houg-hton. Actor
and vocalist ; born in London 1820, died
March, 1864 ; son of J. L. Cowell (q.v.) ;
first appeared on the stage in 1829 at
Boston, U.S.A., as Crack in 'The Turnpike
Gate,' and thereafter figured throughout
the States as " the young American
Roscius." Coming back to England, he
acted at the Theatre Royal, Edinburgh,
before making his debut on the London
stage at the Adelphi under Benj. Webster.
In July, 1844, he was seen at the Surrey
Theatre as Alessio in 'La Sonnambula.'
After this "he sang in gTand opera,
under Bunn's management, at Covent
Garden, and was at various times engaged
at the Adelphi, the Princess's, and the
Olympic Theatres, in the capacity of a light
comedian." The success with which he
sang, at the Grecian, a buffo song in E. L.
Blanchard's 'Nobody in London' {q.v.), led
to his leaving the stage for the music-halls,
where he became exceedingly popular.
Among his best-known ditties were ' Billee
Barlow,' 'Villikins and his Dinah,' 'The
Rat-catcher's Daughter,' and ' Alonzo the
Brave.' In 1860 he fulfilled an engagement
in the United States. Four years later
he died of con.sumption. See the memoir
I
COWEN
S48
COX AND BOX
prefixed to 'Sam. Cowell's Comic Songs'
<lSo3), and 'Dictionary of National Bio-
graphy' (1887).— His daughter, Florence
CowELL, was in the original casts of ' Fair
Sinners ' (Birmingham, 1881) and 'By Land
and Sea ' (Birmingham, 1886). At the Opera
Comique, London, in 1887, she played Julia
in 'The Rivals.' She has had much and
varied experience as an actress in London,
the English provinces, America, India, and
Australia.
Cowen, Frederic Hymen. Musical
composer and director, born 1852, at Kings-
ton, Jamaica; -wrote the music of the fol-
lowing operas— 'Pauline' (1876), 'Thorarrim'
<1S90), and ' Harold' (1895), all of which see.
Cowen, Henrietta. Actress ; was
the original representative of Miss Tesman
in the English version of ' Hedda Gabler '
(1891), of 3rrs. Hervey-Hervey in Parker's
' Chris ' (1892), of Lucy Price in Miss Bur-
ney's ' The County ' (1892), etc. ; she was
also in the cast of the English version of
' Leida ' (1893).
Cowley, Abraham. Poet and prose-
writer, born 1618, died 1667 ; was the author
of ' Love's Riddle,' a pastoral drama (1638),
' Naufragium Joculare,' a Latin comedy
<1638), and ' The Guardian ' (afterwards
'The Cutter of Coleman Street'), a comedy
■(1641)— all of'Which see. See, also, Lang-
baine's ' Dramatic Poets,' Genest's ' English
Stage ' (1832), etc.
Cowley, Mrs. Hannah [n6e Park-
house]. Dramatic writer, born 1743, died
1809 ; author of the following plays, all of
■which see : — ' The Runaway ' (1776), ' Who's
the Dupe ? ' (1779), ' Albina, Countess
R-aimond' (1779), 'The Belle's Stratagem'
(1780). 'The School for Eloquence' (1780),
♦ The World as it Goes' [' Second Thoughts
are Best'] (1781), 'AVhich is the Man?*
(1782), 'A Bold Stroke for a Husband'
(1783), 'More Ways than One' (17S3), 'A
School for Greybeards ' (1786), ' The Fate of
Sparta ' (1788), ' A Day in Turkey ' (1791).
and ' The Town before You ' (1794). Most of
these were included in the edition of Mrs.
Cowley's ' Works ' published (with a Life)
in 1813. See Oulton's ' History of the The-
atres of London ' (1796), the ' Biographia
Dramatica ' (1812), the ' Garrick Correspond-
ence' (1832), Genest's ' English Stage '(1832),
etc. " Mrs. Cowley's comedy of the 'Belle's
Stratagem,' ' Who's the Dupe ? ' and others,
are," says Hazlitt, " of the second or third
class ; they are rather rifacimenti of the
characters, incidents, and materials of
former writers, got up with considerable
liveliness and ingenuity, than original com-
positions with marked qualities of their
•own" (' English Comic Writers ').
Cowper, Clara. Actress ; daughter of
J. C. Cowper (g.».); made her first appear-
ance on the stage at Boston, U.S.A. Her
London d6but was at the Vaudeville Theatre
in 1880. She has been the original repre-
sentative of Joan in 'Darby and Joan'
{1885), Kate in 'The Churchwarden ' (1886),
Mrs. Joy in 'The Woman Hater' (1887
Blanche in ' Blanche Farreau ' (1890), etc. I
the English provinces she has played Be
demona. Hero, Nerissa, and many otht
parts in the "legitimate" and moder
repertory.
Cowper, John Curtis. Actor, bor
1827, died 1885 ; real name, Curtis ; aft(
some experience as an amateur, made h
professional dibut at the Theatre Roya
Manchester, as Romeo, afterwards playir
" leading business " at the Theatre Roya
Liverpool. He first appeared in London i
the Duke's Theatre, in December, 1862, i
Duke Aranza in 'The Honeymoon.' E
was afterwards in the original casts of '
Long Strike' (1866), 'The Great Cit
(1867), 'The Doge of Venice ' (1867), 'Bio
for Blow ' (1S6S), ' Mabel's Life ' (1872), et
He was seen in London as Romeo at Hi
Majesty's Theatre in 1865. At Drury Lai
in 1873 he was Mukarra in a revival ot ' Tl
Cataract of the Ganges ' {q. v.) ; at the san
theitre in 1878 he played the old Shephet
in ' The Winter's Tale ' and Belarius
' Cymbeline.' At the Princess's in 1879 1
was Isaac Levi in a revival of 'It's Nev'
Too Late to Mend' (q.v.). See Cowpe-
Clara. •
Cox, Harry [Oliver James Bussle^;
Actor, born 1841, died 1882 ; made hi
London debut at the Prince of Wales'
Theatre on April 15, 1865, as the Virtuo.
Peasant in H. J. Byron's ' La ! Sonnambul^
(q.v.). After being seen at the St. Jame:i
as Swigitoff in ' Jenny Lind at Last ' (187
he played'at the Strand Theatre the foUo '.
ing (and other) original parts : Fitzjaines
'The Ladv at the Lane' (1872), Ben ,
Reece's 'May' (1874), Tootal in 'We;,
Woman' (1S7 5), Ki7ig Portico in 'Princf,
To to' (1876), Job in ' Cremorne ' (187)
Guinea the Black in 'The Red Rove
(1877), Mr. Beauclerc in ' Dora and Dip]'
nacy' (1878), Uncle John in 'The Sno.
ball' (1879), Biscotin in 'Madame Favai
(1879), and CocgueZicoi in 'Olivette '(1880). 1
was also soen in London as Dandelion
Burnand's 'White Fawn' (1868), Isaac ^
Byron's ' Maid and the Magpie ' (1877), etj
Cox, Robert. An actor (temp. Char'
I.) who, when the Puritans suppressed t
theatres, distinguished himself by appe
ing at country wakes and fairs, and s,
reptitiously even in playhouses, in a ser!
of "drolls" or farces, occasionally writi'
or devised by himself, but more often ■{ i
tracted from plays popular at the tir;
" He was a great favourite, not only in t^
country but also in London, and at t
universities themselves." It is genera'
admitted that he was the author of '.i
tppon and Diana' (q.v.). See, also, 'E'
graphia Dramatica ' (1812).
Cox and Box. A musical comediet)
adapted by F. C. Burnand from the 'I;
and Cox' {q.v.) of J. M. Morton, and se<'>
music by Sir Arthur Sullivan. In this v
sion Mrs. Bouncer is transformed intci-
man, and appears as Sergeant Bouncer. 1 >
fi
COXCOMB
349
CRACKED HEADS
piece was tirst performed at the Adelphi
Theatre, London, in 1866, as part of a benefit
entertainment, Mr. George du Maurier
representing Box, ]Mr. Harokl Power Cox,
and Mr. Arthur Cecil (Blunt) (who was not
then a professional actor) Bouncer. ' Cox
md Box' was transferred to the regular
stage at Easter, 1869, when it was per-
formed at the German Reeds' Gallery of
[Uustration, with Arthur Cecil as Box, T.
Glernian Reed as Cox, and J. Seymour as
Bouncer. It was played at the Gaiety in
Tanuary, 1872, and again on July 21, 1880,
vith A. Cecil as Box, George Grossmith as
^jox, and Corney Grain as Bouncer ; and at
■ihe Savoy Theatre, London, in 1S94, with
A. R. Morand as Cox, Scott Russell as Box,
Ud R. Temple as Bouncer. At Pontresina,
n 1878-9, it was performed for the benefit
if a Church fund, by Arthur Cecil as Box,
• oseph Barn by as Bouncer, and Sir Arthur
ullivan as Cox.
I Coxcoml) (The). A comedy by Beal-
J[ONT and Fletcher, revived at the The-
;tre Royal, " seemingly before the Union "
[jenest), performed at Court about 1613,
nd acted at the King's Playhouse in 1609.
Antonio, who gives the name to it, is
) conceited and foolish that though his
lend. Mercury, tells him he is in love
ith his Avife, yet he insists on his not
[avin^ her, and lays plans to facilitate
aeir mtimacy. The main plot concerns
Heardo. He is in love with Viola, and
brsuades her to elope with him. "\Vhen
^3 comes to the place of appointment, he is
I drunk that he does not know her. She
ns oft' to avoid him. . . . Ricardo, on
covering his senses, is truly penitent.
e at last finds Viola, and they are recon-
ed." The comedy was revived by the
izabethan Stage Society (7.1;.) in the Inner
pmple Hall, London, on February 10,
198.
ICozcombs (The). A farce by Francis
jSNTLEMAN (jj.v.), adapted from Jonson's
llpiccene' (?.?;.), and acted once at the Hay-
iirket in 1771.
lioyne, Joseph Stirling-. Journalist
1 dramatic writer, born 1803, died 1868 ;
it figured as a playwright in 1835, when
farce, ' The Phrenologist,' was performed
Dublin. This was followed in 1836 by
onest Cheats,' 'The Fair Lovers,' and
ae Queer Subject.' Coyne was also the
i hor of the following pieces, all of which
•' :— 'Binks the Bagman,* 'Black Sheep,'
3X and Cox Married and Settled,' 'The
1 'ken-Hearted Club,' 'Catching a Mer-
iid,' 'Did you ever send your Wife to
Voberwell ? ' ' Duck - Hunting,' ' Every-
cy's Friend' [afterwards 'The Widow
jnt'], 'The Home Wreck,' 'The Hope of
t Family,' ' How to Settle Accounts with
yr Laundress," 'The Little Rebel,' 'The
Aji of Many Friends,' ' My Wife's Daughter,'
Jthing Venture, Nothing Win,' ' The Old
^teau,' ' Pas de Fascination,' ' Samuel in
^ ch of Himself,' ' The Secret Agent,' ' A
o uate Maintenance,' ' A Terrible Secret,'
' That Affair at Finchley,' ' An Unprotected
1 emale,' 'Urgent Private Affairs,' ' Wanted,
1000 Young Milliners,' 'Water Witches,'
'What will they say at Brighton?' 'The
Woman of the World.' He wrote criticisms
of the theatre for ' The Sunday Times,' and
was secretary of the Dramatic Authors
Society from 1856 till his death. Edmund
Yates describes Coyne as " an indefatigable
Irishman, who, by the aid of a French
dictionary and a knowledge of the require-
ments of the stage and the tastes of a
London audience, for a series of years pro-
vided managers with dramatic wares, more
or less good, but nearly always popular.
His broad farces, full of quaint verbal and
practical jokes, were, taken for what they
were, very amusing."
Cozeners (The). A comedy in three
acts, by Samuel Foote iq.v.), first performed
at the Haymarket Theatre in July, 1774,
with the author as Aircastle, Weston as
Toby (his son), J. Aikin as Colonel Gorget,
Mrs. Williams as Fleece'em, Wilson as Flaw,
etc. Flaw and Fleece'em are the Cozeners,
who pretend to have great social influence.
The former receives from Aircastle a con-
siderable sum to arrange a marriage be-
tween Tohy and Fleece'em's supposed niece.
Gorget unmasks the pretenders.
Cozening". A comic piece by Samuel
Beazley iq.v.), first performed at Covent
Garden on May 22, 1819, with F. Yates as
Jiichard Mutable (q.v.). The piece was
■wi'itten to enable Yates to figure in a number
of separate impersonations, and, so far, bears
resemblance to ' The Actor of All Work '
(q.v.). See Twelve Precisely.
Cozens, Captain. Leader of "The
Knights of the Round Table " in Planche's
comedy so named (q.v.).
Cozimo. Duke of Florence, in Mas-
SINGER'S ' Great Duke of Florence' (q.v.).
Crab. (1) A country fellow in D'Urfey's
' Bath ' (q.v.). (2) Christojiher Crab is one of
the personce in Stephens and Solomon's
'Billee Taylor' (q.v.). (3) A Mrs. Crab
figures in Dance's 'Hush-Money' (q.v.).
Crahtree. Uncle to Sir Benjamin Back-
bite in Sheridan's 'School for Scandal'
(q.v.).
Crabtree, Lotta. See Lotta.
Crack. The name of characters la
Crowne's 'Sir Courtly Nice' (q.v.), and in
Knight's 'Turnpike Gate' (q.v.).
Crack me this Nut. A play per-
formed at the Rose Theatre in September,
1595, and afterwards.
Cracked Heads. A burlesque of
Gilbert's 'Broken Hearts' (g. v.), written by
Arthur Clements (q.v.) and Frederick
HaY' (q-v.), and first performed at the Strand
Theatre, London, on February 2, 1876, with
Edward Terry as Moxi^ta, Ilarry Cox as
Prince Dorian, Miss Lottie Venne as Tilda^
and Miss Angelina Claude as Vapid.
CRADLE
350
CRAVEN
Cradle (The). A domestic incident,
adapted by A. T. de MattOS from the
Flemish of Emiel von Goetham, and per-
formed at St. George's Hall, London, July
10, 1893, by Miss Alice Kingsley and T.
Kingston.
Cradle of Security (The). An inter-
lude, circa 1560-1570, of which an account
appears in Willis's ' Mount Tabor ' (1639).
Cradock, Joseph. Author of ' Zo-
beide,' a tragedy, adapted from ' Les Scythes '
of Voltaire, and printed in 1771 ; also, of a
play called ' The Czar ' (,q.v.).
Craft. A drama, in a prologue and four
acts, by Arthur Sketchley iq.v.), produced
at the Theatre Royal, Leicester, August 19,
1882.
Craft upon Subtlety's Back. An
interlude entered on the books of the
Stationers' Company in January, 1608.
Crafty Merchant (The). A play
attributed to Marmion in Warburton's list,
but ascribed by Fleay to William Bonen.
Craig, Ed-ward Gordon. Actor ;
made his debitt at the Lyceum Theatre,
London, in September, 1889, as Arthur de
St. Valery in 'The Dead Heart.' He was
afterwards seen there as Cromivell in
•Henry VIIL,' Osivald in 'King Lear.'
Lorenzo in ' The Merchant of Venice,' Henry
Ashton in Merivale's ■ Ravenswood,' the
youngest Knight Templar in ' Becket,' Moses
in ' Olivia,' etc.— His sister Edith has played
small parts at the Lyceum and elsewhere.
Craig-eng-elt, Captain, figures in all
the adaptations of Scott's ' Bride of Lam-
mermoor ' (q-v.).
Crambo. A character in Gilbert's
' Topsyturveydom ' (q.v.).
Cramond Brigr ; or, The Gudeman
o' Ballang-eich. A comic drama in two
acts, adapted from ' The Miller of Mansfield '
by W. H. Murray (?.•?;.), and first performed
at the Theatre Royal, Edinburgh, on Feb-
ruary 27, 1826, with Mackay as Jock Hoivie-
son, Denham s,sJanies V., Harrold as James
Birkie, Collier as Tarn Maxwell, Mrs. Nicol
as Tibbie Howieson, and Miss Noel as Marion
Howieson. Referring to the rumour that
the piece was by J. G. Lockhart, Sir Walter
Scott wrote in his diary: "I cannot think
it his ; there are so few good things in it,
and so much prosing transferred from that
mine of marrowless morality, called ' The
3Iiller of Mansfield.' Yet it pleases." The
piece was produced at the Lyceum Theatre,
London, in November, 1834, with some in-
terpolated Scotch airs " delightfully warbled
by Wilson."
CranboTirnalli, The Count di, figures
in H. J. Byron's 'Pilgrim of Love' ifi-v.).
Crane, Ichabod, in G. F. Rowe's
• Wolfert's Roost' iq.v.), is "a sort of lov-
able Paul Pry, or a sprightly and energetic
Dominie Sampson" (W. Winter). (2) Miss
Minerva Crane, figures in TOM Taylor'j
'Victims' iq.v.).
Crane, "William H. An Americai
comedian, who has made special successe.
in such pieces as ' The Senator ' (r/.w.), ' Evan
geline ' (1877), ' The Governor of Kentucky
(1896), ' A Virginia Courtship ' (1898), etc.
Cranky. A character in ' The Son-in
Law' iq.v.). There are (2) a Colonel Crank
in J. M. Morton's ' Three Cuckoos ' iq.vJ
(3) a Jasper Cranky in Shirley Brooks''
'Guardian Angel' iq.v.), and (4) a Tori
Cranky in Hollingshead's 'Birthplace c
Podgers' iq.v.).
Crape. A chambermaid in T. Parry'
'V.V.'iq.V.).
Crasher. A character in Morton'
' Slasher and Crasher ' iq.v.).
Cratchit, Bob, clerk to Scrooge, figure
with his wife, in the various dramatizatior
of Dickens's ' Christmas Carol' iq.v.).
Crauford, J. R. Actor, born 184S
made his professional debut at the Pri)
cess's Theatre, Edinburgh, in 1874, and h
first appearance in London at the Mirrc
Theatre in 1875. He was the original Lm
Edendale in ' All for Her ' (1875), and afte
wards was in the first casts of Burnand
'Ourselves' (1880), Wingfield's 'Mar
Stuart' (1880), Dilley and Clifton's 'To
Pinch '(1881), Sims's 'Half-way House '(188:
Derrick's ' Confusion ' (1883), Bvron's ' Op;
House' (1885), Coghlan's 'Enemies' (188-
' Stra,thlogan,' etc. In 1883 and 1890 :
fulfilled engagements in America.
Craufurd, David. Historiographer'
Scotland ; author of two comedies— 'Cou;
ship k la Mode' (1700) and 'Love at Fi;
Sight ' (1704).
Craven, CouJitess of. See Bruntc
Louisa.
Craven, Ha-wes. Scenic artist ; paini
the scenery for ' The Frozen Deep,' Olym;
Theatre, 1866. His brush was emploj
upon all, or nearly all, of Henry Irvin i
productions at the Lyceum Theatre,
ginning with that of ' The Bells ' in 1871. :
Craven, Henry Thornton. Drams.
writer and actor, born February,181S ; aut • ;
of the following pieces :— ' Bertrand • i
Avenger,' ' Miserrimus ' (1843), * The C. i
Case ' (1844), ' Done Brown ' (1845), ' Not >
be Done ' (1348), 'The Village Nightingf '
(1851), 'Our Nelly' (1853), 'The Post B.'
(I860), ' Bowled Out ' (1860), ' The Chim !
Corner ' (1861), ' Miriam's Crime ' (1863), ' Y
Preserver '(1863), ' Milky White' (1863), "3
Needful' (1864), 'One Tree Hill' (16'.
' Meg's Diversion ' (1866), ' Barwise's Bo
(1868), 'Coals of Fire' (1871), 'Philon'
(1870), ' Too True ' (1876), ' My Daughf s
Debut,' ' Unlucky Friday,' etc. His d> t
as an actor was made at York, whence e
went, in 1841, to the Sunderland circ-
His London dehut was afterwards mad t
Miss Fanny Kelly's Theatre in Dean Sti ^•
In 1842 he joined the Adelphi comp:'.
i
i^
i
CRAVEN
351
CRAZY PATCH
appearing as Randolph Crewe in ' The Miser's
Daughter ' (q.v.). After this, he played en-
gagements at the Strand, Covent Garden
(1843), the Lyceum (1844), the Marylebone
(1846-7), the Princess's (1S48), Drury Lane
(1850, appearing as Orlando and Malcolm),
and various provincial houses. From Octo-
ber, 1854, to May, 1857. he was in Australia.
In 1864 he figured at Liverpool in the first
casts of his pieces, 'The Needful' and
'Milky AVhite,' in which he afterwards
appeared in London at the Strand and the
St. James's. At the Royalty in 1866, and
at the Court in 1871, he was in the original
casts of his • Meg's Diversion ' and ' Coals of
Fire ' respectively. His last provincial tour
was made in 1873, and in 1876 he appeared
for the last time on any stage in his play,
'Too True' {q.v.). "Mr. H. T. Craven in
his original plays, ' Milky White,' ' Meg's
Diversion,' 'The Post Boy,' 'The Chimney
Corner,' has given us examples of serio-
tragic dramas finer in the most essential
qualities [than John Oxenford's]. Mi*.
Craven's construction is imperfect, and his
dialogue is vitiated by bad puns ; but in
all literature I know not a more effective
situation than that in ' Meg's Diversion,'
where Jasper Pidgeon, a humble mechanic,
finds that his brother, who has been educated
as a gentleman, is loved by the woman he
himself adores. The chivalrous conduct of
Jasper under the circumstances has never
been surpassed " (' Dramatists of the Present
Day,' 1871).
Craven, Tom. Dramatic -writer and
actor, son of H. T. Craven {q.v.) ; has pro-
luced the following plays : — ' The Stow-
iway' (1884), 'Grasping a Shadow' (1885),
The Visiting Card ' (1887), ' The Fugitive '
;1887), 'The Miser's Will' (1889), 'The
yVorkbox' (1890), 'The Ballad Singer'
1891), 'Time the Avenger' (1892), 'Half
'Vlast High ' (1893), ' Aladdin in Luck '
.1893), 'The Bonnie Babes in the Wood'
11894) ; also (with R. Nelson), ' Mumps the
.lasher ' (1884) and (with G. Conquest)
The Village Forge ' (1890).
Craven, "Walter Stokes. Actor,
ocalist, and playwright ; was in the original
ast of 'Le Petit J)vlc,' {q.v.) at the Globe,
nd of 'Melita' {q.v.) at the Novelty,
i-fter experience in South Africa, India, and
lustralia, he became stage-manager of the
Ivoli Opera House, San Francisco, where
e dramatized Haggard's * Allan Quater-
lain.' Many touring engagements in
-.merica followed. He is the author of
itie following plays, all seen in England :—
INowadavs,' ' An Innocent Abroad ' (1894),
The Cruel Law ' (1895), ' Four Little Girls '
897), ' No Appeal ' (1897), and ' The Future
Irs. Skillimore ' (1897) ; also, of ' The Me-
ium ' (' Der Bibliothekar '), ' Mixed,' ' Bad
ads,' ' Hide and Seek,' etc.
Cravencoeur, Captain. A character
I Mildenhall's 'Post of Honour' {q.v.).
Crawford, F. Marion. Author (>vith
■ St. Maur) of a dramatization of his novel,
Dr. Claudius' (1897).
Crawford, Mrs. Ann {nie Street].
Actress, born at Bath, 1734 ; died November,
1801 ; is said to have " offended her family
by going on the stage ; her mother had such
a contempt for the profession that she
left her a weekly pension, as she would
have done to a pauper or dependant. This
she was to forfeit if she continued on
i the stage ; she enjoyed it, however, to her
dying day, as the relation who might have
claimed the reversion waived his claim."
f She was thrice married — first to Dancer
j {q.v.), next to Spranger Barry {q.v.), and
I lastly to a man, much younger than herself,
! named Crawford. It was as Mrs. Dancer
I that she acted in Dublin between 1758 and
I 1767, appearing as Cordelia, Juliet, Desde-
I mona, Helena (' All's Well that Ends Well '),
I Octavia (' All for Love '), Monimia, Belvidera,
Jane Shore, Aimer ia, Millamant, Mrs. Sullen,
I Miranda{' The Busybody '), Angelica (' Love
for Love '), Polbj Peachum, etc. , and figuring
^ as the first representative of Mrs. Dogherty
\ in 'The True-born Irishman' {q.v.). She
I was at the Haymarket in 1767, and at Drury
Lane from that year till 1774. At the latter
I house she enacted Rosalind, Lady Macbeth,
' Portia (' The Merchant of Venice '), Imogen,
Constance (' King John '), Cleopatra (' All
I for Love '), Lady Randolph, Calista, Sirs.
I Beverley, Lady Toumley, Lady Brute, etc.,
I besides being in the first casts of 'False
I Delicacy,' ' Zenobia,' 'Almida,' 'Alonzo,'
' Edward and Leonora,' etc. At Covent
j Garden, between 1774 and 1780 she played
Beatrice and Viola, besides several new cha-
1 racters. In 1780-81 she was at Drury Lane,
in 1783-84 at Covent Garden. In and after
1768 she played as Mrs. Barry, and in and
after 1778 as Mrs. Crawford. She retired in
1798. " In her best days," says one of her
critics, "she was a first-rate tragic actress,
but she played so well in comedy that if she
had never spoken one line of blank verse
she would have been at the head of her
profession." According to Charles Dibdin,
she " had more of Garrick's merit in tragedy,
and was equal to quickness, passion, rage,
and an exposition of all the terrible and tur-
bulent passions. Common grief was too tame
for her expression. She knew not how to
insinuate herself into the heart— her mode
was to seize it. Admiration was not enough :
she must beget astonishment. This difficult
effect, it must be confessed, her acting very
often produced." See Genest's ' English
Stage' (1832), Campbell's 'Life of Mrs.
Siddons,' Boaden's 'Life of Kemble,' etc.
Cra-wley. (1) A lawyer in Shirley
Brooks's 'Daughter of the Stars' {q.v.).
(2) An attorney's clerk in Charles Reade's
' Gold' {q.v.).
Crazed. A musical absurdity by Alfred
R. Phillips, in which W. J. Hill played
Beethoven Brown, an eccentric musician.
Crazy. A character in ' Peeping Tom '
{q.v.).
Crazy Patch. Aplayby A.C.Gunter,
first performed in U.S.A.
CREATION OF EVE
352
CRESWICK
Creation of Eve (The). A " mystery "
performed by the Guild of Grocers at Nor-
wich, temp. Henry YIII.
Creation of the World (The). The
subject of the following dramatic pieces :—
(1) "a play performed at Skinner's Well in
the reign of Richard II. (2) A play by
William Jordan, written in 1611 in the
Cornish dialect, and first printed in 1S27 ;
printed again in Xorris's ' Ancient Cornish
Drama ' (iS59;, and translated into English
in 1S67 by John Keigwin (see Harleian
MSS.). (3) A play licensed in 1624. This,
says W. C. Hazlitt, "perhaps had some
connection" with a "droll" performed
at Bartholomew Fair at the close of
the seventeenth and beginning of the
eighteenth century, referred to in ' Wit and
Drollerv ' (16S2) as ' The World's Creation '
('Manual of Old English Plays'). The
Creation was also the subject of plays in
the Chester, Towneley, and York series.
Creatures of Impulse. A " fairy tale "
founded by W. S, Gilbert {q.v.) on his
own ' Story about a Strange Old Lady,' and
first performed at th e Court Theatre, London,
on April 15, 1S71, with Miss Maggie Brennan
as Peter, Miss Kate Bishop as Pipette, Miss
Lucy Franklein as the Strange Old Lady,
E. E. Righton as Boomblehardt ; produced
at the Park Theatre, New York, in 1S7S, with
Leclercq as Boomblehardt; revived at the
Vaudeville Theatre, London, in 1S74, with
E. Righton and Miss Bishop in their ori-
ginal characters, W. H. Wallace as Elooque,
Lestocq as Jac'^w^s, and Miss Cicely Richards
as the Strange Old Lady. The piece has
been played in the English provinces by
Ben Gree'fs company.
Credulous, Justice, Father of Lau-
retta in Sheridan's ' St. Patrick's Day '
(q.v.). (2) Sir Ralph and Laura Credulous
are characters in G. Wood's ' Irish Doctor '
(q.v.).
Creed Play (The), bequeathed in 1446
to the Corpus Christi Guild at York, " seems
to have been no novelty at this date" (A.
W. Ward). ' ' It was regularly performed
about Lammastide, once in every tenth
year, between 14S3 and 1535. It was finally
suppressed about a generation later. It was
a composition of considerable length."
Creg"an, Hardress, and Mrs., figure
not only in Boucicallt's ' Colleen Bawn '
(q.v.), but also in the various burlesques of
that play. See Eily O'Connor.
Cremation. A farce by R. Height,
St. James's Hall, Liverpool, July 14, 1879.
Cremorne. A farcical comedy in three
acts, by T. A. Pal>ler (q.v.), performed at
the Strand Theatre, London, on November
27, 1S76, with W. H. Vernon as Roderick
Wildi-sh, J. G. Taylor as Bob Joskin, Miss
Lottie Venne as Mary Anne Stubbs, and other
roles by H. Cox, H. J. Turner, and Miss
Sallie Turner.
Cremorne, Adolphus de, in T. J.
Williams's ' Race for a Widow ' (q.v.).
Creole (The); or. Love's Fetters.
A drama in three acts, by Shirley Brooks.
(^. I-.), first performed at the Lyceum Theatre.
London, on April 8, 1847, with Emery as
Antony Latour (the Creole), Leigh Murray
as Alphonse de Xyon, Miss May as Louise
Fauriel, F. Matthews as Darni'ron, Keelev
as Bokes, ;Miss M. Keeley as Virgini'e
Darniron, and Mrs. Keeley as Bellona St.
Mars ["an excellent melodrama," ■mites
Edmund Yates ; " the hero finely played by
Emery "] ; revived at the Marylebone Theatre
in December, 1856, with S. Emery in his
original part ; at the St. James's Theatre
London, in June, 1876, with Mrs. John
Wood as the Vivandiere, ^Miss EmUy Cros;
in the title part, and other roles' hj H.
Forrester, E. Leathes, F. :Mervin, and W,
H. Stephens. (2) ' The Creole : ' a comic
opera in one act and five tableaux, music
by Offenbach, libretto by R. Reece anci
H. B. Farnie (from the French of Millaud)
first performed at Brighton on Septembei
3, 1877; produced at the Folly Theatre
London, on September 15 in that year, witl
Miss K. Munroe in the title part (Zoe., Mis.-
N. Bromley as Rene, Miss Violet Cameroi:
a.s Antoinette, J. HowsonasPa^afraj?, Dudle;
Thomas as Frontignac, etc. ; revived (in tht=
original three acts) at the Avenue Theatrt
on the afternoon of May 10, 1886, under thi
title of ' The Commodore,' with Lione
Brough in the title part. Miss V. Cameroi
as pLiim, Miss M. Shirley as Antoinette
McUle. Cornclie D'Anka as Zoe, and othe
parts by E. J. Lonnen and S. WilkinsoE
The original was brought out at th
Bouffes Parisiennes, with Judic as Zc;
and Daub ray as the Commodore.
Creon, King of Corinth in Heron':
' Medea' (q.v.), reappears in R. B. Brough'^
' Medea' burlesque (q.v.).
Cressida, in ' Troilus and Cressida,' :
" a giddy girl, an unpractised jilt, wh
falls in love with Troilus, as she afterwarc
deserts him, from mere levity and though
lessness of temper" (Hazlitt). She figure
in R. Brough's ' Siege of Troy' (q.v.).
Cresswell, Helen. Actress ; was tt
original Alice Wenlock in ' Youth ' at Drui
Lane in ISSl. She has appeared at varioi
London theatres as Celia in ' As You Lil
It' (ISSO), in "old English comedy" part;
as the Princess in ' Adrienne Lecouvreui
as Louise in ' Frou-Frou,' as Cynisca ■
' Pygmalion and Galatea,' and so forth. 1
the provinces she has played Portia, Co
delia, and other Shakespearean parts; An,
Robsart, Mercy Merrick in 'The New Ma;
dalen,' Mrs. Macdonald in ' Impulse,' if/j
Ralston in ' Jim the Penman,' etc. '
Creswick, "William. Actor, bo-
December, 1813, died June, 1SS8 ; made b'
first professional appeai-ance in 1831, at
theatre in Commercial Road, London. 1-
afterwards gained experience in Suffolk ai
on the Kentish and York circuits, returmi
CRESWICK
CRICKET ON THE HEARTH
London in February, 1S35, when he
iired at the Queen's Theatre as Horace
redith in '.Schoolfellows' (q.v.). Working
ce more on the York circuit, he became
3 tirst representative in the provinces of
3 role of Ion (q.v.). In 1839 he had a
ort engagement at the Lyceum, London,
is was followed by a visit to America and
nada, where he remained for nearly four
irs. After this came the performance of
sading business " at Newcastle, Liverpool,
xi Birmingham, which led in 1846 to his
.'oearauce at Sadler's Wells under the
:r,nagement of Phelps. His first part there
'3 that of Hotsjmr in 'Henry IV. ;' his
• ond that of Master Walter in ' The
jnchback.' Then came Cassius, Matthew
.Imer in 'Love's Sacrifice,' Borneo, Pierre
i' Venice Preserved,' Pj/i/iias in 'Damon
i I Pythias,' and Ion. In 1847 he appeared
J the Princess's, London, in support first
(Fanny Kerable and afterwards of Mac-
idy. He next joined the company at
t Haymarket, playing Claude Melnotte
al Trueworth (in ' The Love Chase '), and
a) representing Vivian Temple in the first
jformance of Westland Marston's ' Heart
c:he World ' iq.v.). At the same theatre,
t ards the end of 1848, he enacteil Mar-
itnt in a revival of 'The Patrician's
lighter' iq.v.), and Proteus in a revival
oThe Two Gentlemen of Verona' {q.v.);
jjMarch, 1849, he was seen there as
■Cm. In September, 1849, began the first
■©I lis two managerial enterprises at the
Siiey Theatre, in each of which he was
a,'Ciated with R. Shepherd (,q.v.), anil
d'ng which, to quote Westland Marston,
h" became, to transpontine London, an
aiitle of Shakspere, as Phelps was to
nh London" ('Our Recent Actors').
Bveen September, 1849, and September,
\2, when he retired from direction of the
S- ey, Creswick was the original performer
ol he following (and other) parts -.—La
Rie in Chorley's ' Old Love and New
Fune' (1850, the hero in a version of
'Ind Copperfield' (1850), the hero in Phil-
Ii]!3 'Dred' (1856), the hero in Phillips's
Hmweir (1859), and Adam Bede in a
veonof George Eliot's novel (1862). He
Wi also seen as Alasco in 'The Rose of
A:gon' (1849), Virginius in Knowles's
pl (1S49), Beverley in 'The Stranger'
(10, Richelieu in Bulwer's play (1849),
HUet (1849), Damon in 'Damon and
Pyias' (1860), etc. After leaving the
Suiy, Creswick "starred " for a time both
in Dndon and in the provinces. At the
T*a ion in 1S64 he played Jaques in ' As
Y( Like It;' at Drury Lane in the same
ye; he appeared as Othdlo, lago, Macbeth,
an ''achimo. He played Joseph Surface at
Dry Lane for the benefit of the Surrey
<;oiany in 1865. In September, 1866, he
fejied Shepherd as lessee and manager
<»f ; Surrey, opening with Slous' ' True to
tnOore,' in which he was the original
'■epsentative of Martin Truegold. Among
<»tl new parts played there by him may
lie imed Joe in Watts Phillips's ' No-
bo(s Child,' and Richard Marvis in the '
same author's ' Land Rats and Water Rats '
(1868). In 1871 he revisited America, where
he figured in association wjth Charlotte
Cushman and Edwin Booth. On his return
he was seen in 1873 as King John at the
Queen's ; in 1874 as Richard Varney in
Halliday's 'Amy Robsart' (,q.v.), and in
1875 as Cromwell in Wills's ' Buckingham '
(q.v.). To 1877-80 belong his performances
as a " star " in various parts of Australia.
In October, 1880, he was acting at the
Standard, London. His last appearance on
the stage was made at Drury Lane on
October 29, 1885, when he figured in a scene
from ' King Lear.' See the ' Era ' for June,
1888 ; Pascoe's ' Dramatic List ' (ISSO) ; E. L.
Blanchard's ' Diary ' (1891), etc.
Cretin (Le) de la Montag-ne. See
Idiot of the Mountain.
Creusa, Q,ueen of Athens. A tragedy
by William Whitehead {q.v.), founded on
the ' Ion ' of Euripides, and first performed
at Drury Lane on April 20, 1754, with Mrs.
Pritchard in the title part, Miss Macklin as
/^yssus, Garrick as Aletes, Berry as Xuthus,
Mossop as Phorbas (an old Athenian), etc.
Horace Walpole wrote of the play : " It is
the only new tragedy that I ever saw and
really liked. The circumstance of so much
distress being brought on by characters,
every one good, yet acting consistently with
their principles towards the misfortunes
of the drama, is quite new and pleasing."
"This is not absolutely a bad play," says
Genest, "but it is wretchedly inferior to
the Greek tragedy." Creusa figures also
in Heron's 'Medea' {q.v.), and in R. B.
Brough'S burlesque so named {q.v.).
Cribbem. A character in M. and B.
Barnett's ' Out on the Loose' {q.v.).
Crichton. An extravaganza by R. H.
Edgar {q.v.), first performed at the Charing
Cross Theatre, London, August 30, 1871, with
Miss H. Coveney in the title part, Miss Ritta
as Esclairmonde, F. Glover as Catherine de
Medicis, etc. See ADMIRABLE Crichton and
Dragon Knight.
Cricket Match (The). A farce by
Alfred Leslie, Theatre Royal, Norwich,
May 12, 1870.
Cricket on our own Hearth (The).
See Cricket on the Hearth.
Cricket on the Hearth (The). A
tale by Charles Dickens, which has sup-
plied the materials and the name for the
following dramatic pieces :— (1) A drama
in three acts, adapted (by permission) by
Albert Smith {q.v.), and first produced at
the Lyceum Theatre, London, on December
20, 1845, with S. Emery as Peerybingle,
Keeley as Caleb, Miss L. Howard as May,
Miss M. Keeley as Bertha, Miss Turner as
Tilly, and Mrs. Keeley as Dot. (2) A play in
two ' ' chirps," adapted by Edward Stirling
{q.v.), and first performed at the Adelphi
Theatre, London, on December 31, 1S45,
with "O." Smith as John Peerybingle,
2a
CRIME
354
CRIPPLE OF FEXCHURCH
Cullenford as TacJcIeton, Lambert as Caleb,
Selby as the Stranger, T. F. Mathews as
Dot's father, ZMrs. Fitzwilliam as Dot, Miss
Woolgar as Bertha, Miss Tavlor as May
Fielding, E. Wright as Tilly Sloichoy, Miss
E. Chaplin as Spirit of the Cricket. (3)
A play tirst performed at the Princess's on
January 1, 1846, with Mrs. Stirling as Dot,
Miss Marshall as Bertha, Compton as Caleb,
Ryder as Pecrybinnle, Miss Somers as Tilly,
and other parts by Leigh Murray and Mrs.
Fosbrooke. (4) A play in three'" chirps,"
adapted by W. T. Townsend ('Z-r.), and tirst
represented at the City of Loudon Theatre,
January 5, 1846, with Mrs. Honner as Dot
and R. Honner as Caleb. (5) A play by
Benjamin Webster {q.v.), first performed
at the Haymarket on January 6, 1846, with
Webster as Johii Peerybingle, AV. Farren as
Caleb, J. B. Buckstone as Tilly Slou-boy,
Tilbury as Tackleton, Mrs. Seymour as Bertha,
Miss Fortescue as Dot, Miss Julia Bennett
as May, Mrs. Chfford as Mrs. Fielding. (6)
A play on the subject was produced at the
Grecian Theatre on January 13, 1846, with
Miss Mears as Dot. (7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12)
Other dramatizations of the story were pro-
duced in January, 1S46, at the Victoria (Mith
Miss Vincent as Dot), I^Iarylebone, Standard,
Pavilion, and Albert and Bower Saloons.
(13) A burlesque on the above adaptations,
by E. L. Blanchard, was produced on
January 15, 1846, at the Olympic Theatre,
under the title of ' The Cricket on our own
Hearth.' Miss Kate Howard played Dot and
Romer was Tackleton, but the travesty,
Blanchard admitted, was a "failure." (l4)
'Dot' (q-v.), by Dion Boucicault (1862).
(15) A dramatic version of the story in
three acts, by J. Jefferson, was produced
at the Union Square Theatre, New York,
in October, 18S3, with Jefferson as Caleb,
F. Robinson as John Peerybingle, and Miss
Cornelia Jackson as Tilly Sloicboy.—'^liss
Minnie Palmer played Dot in New York
in 1877-8.
Crime ; or. The Black Heart. A
drama by L. G. Kean, Victoria Theatre,
London, August 6, 1877. (2) 'Crime and
its Atonement:' a drama by Don E. Co-
lon a. Amphitheatre, Leeds, November 15,
1875. (3) ' Crime and Christening :' a farce
bv "Richard Henry," Opera Comique
Theatre, London, on March 10, 1891. (4)
' Crime and Justice : ' a drama by Burford
Delannoy and Xorman Harvey, Sadler's
Wells, December 15, 1S92 (tirst time in Lon-
don). (5) ' Crime and Virtue : ' a drama by
Butler Stanhope, Adelphi Theatre, Liver-
pool, June 30, 1J579. (6) ' Crime from Ambi-
tion : ' a play translated from the German of
Iffland, and printed in 1800.
Crimeless Criminal (A). A farce by
Martin Belher, first performed at the
Strand Theatre, London, April -20, 1874, with
W. Terriss and Miss Fanny Hughes in the
cast.
Crimes of Paris (The). A melodrama
in six acts, by Paul Meritt (q.v.) and
George Conquest {q.v.), first performed at
the Surrey Theatre, London, October
1SS3.
Criminal (The). A drama in five ac
Royal Clarence Theatre, Dover, Decern •
15, 1SS4. — ' Criminals ; or, Fashion e .
Famine : ' a drama in five acts, bv J,
Clinch, Great Grimsby, June 29, 1885.
Criminal Couple (A). A farce by.
Herbert, Princess's Theatre, London, Ji •
29, 1871.
Crimp. Maid to Laura in Doug;
Jerrolds ' Paul Pry' (q.v.).
Crimson Cross (The). A drama r
Clement Scott (g.v.) and E. Maxl",
tirst performed at the Adelphi Thea ,
London, on February 27, 1879, Avith i^
Neilson as Queen Isabella, Miss Clara Je j
as Gontran, Miss Compton as Jacqnel
C. P. Flockton as Charles VI., H. NeviU-i
Perimt, Hermann Vezin as D'Aruiogi',
Forbes Robertson as De Boi-iredon.
Crimson Mask (The). A roma c
drama in three acts, by Foster Courtei^-,
suggested by Captain' Marryat's novel ' e
Poacher,' and first performed at the Oji
House, Northampton, July 25, 1892.
Crimson Rock (The). A dramas
three acts, bv Julian Cross, Pavii
Theatre, London, May 31, 1879.
I Crimson Scarf (The). A comic op;'^
i words by H. B. Farnie {q.v.), music by«'>.
Legouix, first performed at the Alhan a
Theatre, London, April 24, 1871, with a it
including E. J. Odell, iliss St. Ange,
revived at the Haymarket Theatre, No^
ber, 1873.
Cring-e, Sir Lively and LaJ
Characters in Burnaby's 'Modish
band' (g. I'.).
Cring-le, Tom. Bo'sun of 'The :ij|
Ruflfin,' in Bayle Bernard's 'Mlj
Ashore ' {q.v.). See, also, Tom Cringl
Crinoline. A farce in one act, bi
B. Brough {q.v.), first performed at
Olympic Theatre, London, on Decembt.8,'
1856, with F. Robson and Miss Maskeas
Mr. and Mrs. Coobiddy, G. Vining, H. Coi-T,
H. Danvers, Miss Marston (and, later, Iss
Bromley) as Bella, Miss Stephens, ai J.
Rogers as Sancy Bitters. See PeriiJF
Crinoline.
Cripple, Sir Christopher, inFo i's
'Maid of Bath' {q.v.).
Cripple of Fenchurch (The), in ;t-
WOOD'S ' Fair Maid of the Exchange' ('■),
is, says Charles Lamb, "an excellent few,,- 1 ^
and the hero of the comedy. He is desc lediil^'"^
(albeit a tradesman, yet wealthy w al)ffli.
with heroic qualities of mind and bod\-Ii8
latter of which he evinces by rescuir bi*
mistress (the Fair Maid) from" three ro.ers
by the main force of one crutch 1 ily
applied ; and the former by his fore ipg
the advantages which this action gav. am
in her good opinion, and bestowing h.wit
and finesse in procuring for her a hus'no*
1
CRISE
CROKER
1 the person of his friend Golding, more
, worthy of her beauty than he could conceive
fis own maimed and halting limbs to be."
Crise(La). See Lady Browne's Diary.
Crisis (The) ; or. Love and Pear.
. comic opera by Thomas Holcroft {q.v.),
Tst performed at Drury Lane in May, 1778.
[}) 'The Crisis:' a comedy in four acts,
iapted by James Albery {q.v.) from ' Les
ourchambault ' of Emile Augier {q.v.\ and
"st performed at the Haymarket Theatre,
)ndon, on December 2, 1878, with H. Howe
i Mr. Denham, Mrs. John Wood as Mrs.
enham, W. Terriss as Fawley Denham,
iss Lucy Buckstone as Blanche Denham,
1, Fisher, jun., as Lord Williatn Whitehead,
I Kelly as John Goring, Miss Louise Moodie
\ Mrs. Goring, and Miss Eastlake as Haidee
\imside ; revived at the Court Theatre in
jsbruary, 1885, as ' The Denhams,' with J.
ayton as Goring and Mrs. Wood as before.
(Crisp, Samuel. Author of 'Virginia*
u), a tragedy printed in 1754.
-, brispin. Servant to young Gerald, in
5 (vVENSCROFT's ' Anatomist ' {q.v.).
prispin and Crispianus. An old
, ky, often performed by the Guilds of Shoe-
Ikers.
|3rispinus, Ruf. Lab., in Jonson's
*"otaster' iq.v.), is intended for John
iton (q.v.).
rispus. Son of the emperor in N.
E's 'Constantine the Great' iq.v.).
iJritic (The); or, A Tragedy Re-
larsed. A "dramatic piece" in two
'f, by Richard Brinsley Sheridan
ft'.), first performed at Drury Lane on
^ober 29, 1779, with Parsons as Sir Fretful
Miary, King as Puff, Dodd as Bangle,
Imer as Sneer, Mrs. Hopkins as Sirs,
hgle, and (in the "tragedy") Moody as
M Burleigh, Wrighten as the Governor of
Imry Fort, Farren as Earl of Leicester,
Iiton as Sir Walter Raleigh, Waldron as
B, Christopher Uatton, Kenny as Master
qj<Ae Horse, Wright as the Beefeater,
nnister, jun., as Do7i Ferolo Whiskerandos,
Mi Pope as Tilburina, and Mrs. Bradshaw
a he Confidant ; revived at the Havniarket
irJSS ; at Covent Garden in 17S5 ; at Drury
l^e in 1797; at Covent Garden in ISOO,
l^ 1818, and 1826 ; at Drurv Lane in 1827 •
arovent Garden in 1840, with C. Mathews
as^it/, W. Farren as Plagiary, Hemming
a,i>angle, Cooper as Sneer, Mrs. Brougham
af'frs. Dangle, and (in the " tragedy ")F.
Althews as the Governor, J. Bland as
Lester, Meadows as Raleigh, Brendal as
^"'On, Granby as Master of Horse, W. H.
J'ue as the Beefeater, Harley as Whisker-
«»'S, Mrs. Orger as Tilburina, and Mrs. C.
Jtisasthe Confidant; at the Haymarket
Attre m 1843, with C. J. Mathews as Puff;
atie Lyceum Theatre in 1848, with Mrs.
if:s as Tilburina ; at the Princess's, Octo-
Dei855 with F. Matthews as Sir Fretful,
" er Lacy as Puff; Mrs. Winstanley as
■''"■ma, and Harley, Meadows, H. J.
Turner, etc., in other parts; at the Hay-
market in November, 1858, and October,
1866 ; at the Gaiety in October, 1872, June,
1874, February, 1877, December, 1882, and
August, 1883 ; revived at the Fifth Avenue
Theatre, New York, October, 1874, condensed
by Augustin Daly into one act, with Miss
F. Davenport as Tilburina, J. Lewis as
Puff, W. Davidge as Whiskerandos [the same
version was given at Daly's Theatre, New
York, on December, 1888, with Miss A.
Rehan as Tilburina]. The second act of
' The Critic ' has of late years been fre-
quently performed at "benefits" with spe-
cially strong casts. See Rehearsing a
Tragedy.
Critic upon Critic. A " dramatic
medley," printed in 1788. This is a " satirical
piece" in which Sheridan, Tickle, Mrs.
Cowley, Mrs. Hannah More, and others, are
introduced with fictitious names. In an
edition of 1792 the piece is ascribed to
Leonard McNally (q.v.).
Croaker, in Goldsmith's ' Good-natured
Man' (q.v.), is guardian to the heroine, and
" a poor, fretful soul." His son, Leontine,.
is in love with Olivia Woodville. (2) Mrs.
Croaker is a character in Brough and Hal-
LiDAY's ' Area Belle ' (q.v.).
Crochets du Pere Martin (Les). A
play by Cermon and Grange (Gymnase,
Paris, August, 1888), adapted to the English
stage as ' The Porter's Knot ' (q.v.).
Crock of Grold (The). A melodrama
in two acts, based by Edward Fitzball,
on the story by Martin F. Tapper, and first
performed at the City of London Theatre,
May, 1848, with a cast including R. Honner,
E. F. Savile, Mrs. R. Barnett, and Mrs. R.
Honner.
Crockery, in * Exit by Mistake ' (q.v.),
is a foolish fat servant.
Crockett, Davy. See Davy Crockett..
Crocodile, Lady Kitty. See Capu-
chin, The.
Crocodile (The); or, Accused of
Murder. A domestic drama by William
Lowe, Theatre Royal, Cardiff, March 4, 1882.
Croesus. A tragedy by William
Alexander, Earl of Stirling, first printed
in 1604. " The plot is borrowed from Hero-
dotus, Justin, and Plutarch, with an episode
in the fifth act from Xenophon's ' Cyro-
paideia ' " (' Biographia Dramatica ').
Crofton, Cecil. Actor and playwright ;
has written, with F. Hird, ' Eric's Good
Angel ' (1894), and, with H. Brooke, • Mr.
Dick's Heir.'
Croker, John Wilson. Politician
and miscellaneous writer, born 1780, died
1857 ; author of ' Familiar Epistles on the
State of the Irish Stage ' (1804).
Croker, Thomas Crofton, born 1798,
died 1854 ; wrote for the Adelphi Theatre,
London, in 1826 a Christmas piece on the
subject of Daniel O'Rourke. He also edited
CROLY
S56
CROSS
Massinger's 'Believe as you List' fur the
Percy Society in 1S4S.
Croly, Georg-e. Clergyman, poet, and
miscellaneous writer, born 1780, died 1S60 ;
author of ' Catiline,' a tragedy printed in
1822. See memoir prefixed to his ' Book of
Job' (1863) and R. Herring's 'Personal
Reminiscences ' (1861).
Cromwell, Oliver, is the central
figure in the following dramatic pieces
(printed or acted) :— (1) ' Crafty Cromwell ;
or, Oliver ordering our new State : ' a "tragi-
comedy " in five short acts, printed in 1G4S.
(2) 'Cromwell's Conspiracy:' a tragi-co-
medy, "beginning at the death of King
Charles I., and ending with the happv
restoration of King Charles II.," written Ijy
" a person of quality," and printed in 1660.
(3) 'Cromwell:' a tragedy by F. Phil-
lips, founded on Victor Hugo's play so
named (1827), and first performed at" the
Surrey Theatre, London, in February, 1859.
(4) A drama in five acts, by Alfred Bate
Richards (q.v.), first performed at the
Queen's Theatre, London, on December 21,
1872, with George Rignold in the title part,
J. Ryder as Ireton, INIiss Wallace as Elizabeth
Cromwell, and other parts by W. Belford, G.
F. Neville, Cathcart, etc. (5) ' Crumwell : '
a play in four acts, by Sir Charles Young.
— Oliver Cromwell is one of the personce in
Ha YARD'S 'Charles I.' (q.v.j, in Wills's
'Charles I.' iq.v.), in Wills's 'Bucking-
ham ' {q.v.), in Sims and Buchanan's ' White
Rose ' (q.v.), in R. DodSON'S 'Two Hundred
Years Ago' (q.v.), and in Paterson's
'Colonel Cromwell' (1900). See Days of
Cromwell.
Cromwell, Thomas, Lord, The
Liife and Death of. A play registered
in 1602, and reprinted in 1613 as the work of
one " W. S.," whom Schlegel accepts as
AVilliam Shakespeare, while Professor A.
W. Ward suggests that more probably he
was Wentworth Smith (q.v.). Farmer as-
cribed the piece to Heywood. " As a series
of biographical scenes— which are connected
by means of a chorus— it may have produced
a considerable effect. For materials the
author seems, besides Foxe's ' Book of
Martyrs,' to have used a novel of Bandello's "
(Ward).
Croodle, Baron, in Pinero's ' Money
Spinner' (q.v.).
Crook, John. Musical composer and
orchestral director ; has written the music
for the following dramatic pieces :— ' Sage
and Onions ' (1880), ' The King's Dragoon^ '
:(1880), ' Quits ' (1SS8). ' Little Bopeep '
(1892-3), ' Helen of TrovUp to Date' (1893),
• The Lady Slavev ' (1S93), ' The New Bar-
maid ' (1895), ' The TransfeiTed Ghost' (1896),
"Black and White' (1898), 'Oh, What a
Night ! ' (1898), ' Breaking it Off ' (1898). He
has also contributed musical numbers to
' Claude Duval ' (1894), ' King Kodak ' (1894),
' On the March ' (1896), ' One of the Girls '
(1896).
Crooked Mile (A). A play in three
acts, by Clara Lemore (q.v.), first pe-
formed at the Comedy Theatre, Mancheste
January 23, 1885.
Crookpath, Christopher, in De Wai
den's ' Upper Ten and Lower Twenty' (g.u.
Croote, Mother. A rich old woman i
LuPTON's ' All for Money ' (q.v.).
Crop. (1) A farmer in Hoare's 'K
Song, no Supper.' (2) A barber in G. Abbqi
i. Beckett's ' Figaro in London ' (q.v.).
Cropland, Sir Charles. A dissolu
country gentleman and man of fashion
COLMAN's 'Poor Gentleman ' (q.v.).
Cropley. A farmer in Kenney's 'T1
Touchstone ' (q.v.).
Croquet. (1) A comedietta in three act
by Pierre Le Clerq, Assembly Rooir;
Mortimer Street, Cavendish Square, Novei;
ber 19, 1868. (2) A comedy bv S. Shento
Theatre Royal, Cheltenham, June 20, 1877
Cross, Emily. Actress and vocalis
made her professional d6but at Newcastl
her first part being Lucy Bertram in 'G
Mannering.' Her first appearance in Lq.
don was at Drury Lane in March, 1867,
Diana Vernon in ' Rob Roy.' She was t
original representative (in London) of Ri
m 'The Pirates of Penzance' (ISSO), t
Duche.s.i of Breeks in ' An Adamless Ede
(1882), Mrs. Ranldinrj in 'The Scho
mistress ' (1836), etc. Her American del
took place at Abbey's Theatre, New Yc
in January, 1S95, as Mdme. Dannenherq'
'The Red Lamp.' ''
Cross, James C. Actor and pL
WTight ; began his career in the lat
capacity by writing 'The Divertissemei
(1790), a framework for the introduction
songs by Dibdin. Among his other drama
products (of which the ' Biographia D
matica ' names over fortv) were ' Humo
of Brighton ' (1792). ' British Fortitude a
Hibernian Friendship ' (1794), 'The Way
get Unmarried' (1790), 'In Love, In De,
and In Liquor ' (1797), ' Joan of Arc' (17!,
' Sir Francis Drake and the Iron Arm ' 1 18' ,
' King Cffisar ' (1801), ' Rinaldo Rinaldi/
(1801), 'Gonsalvo de Cordova' (1802), ' Jf*
Bull and Buonaparte ' (1803), * Number N-'
(1803), and 'Black Beard' (1809). Or.,
after acting at Covent Garden and the B-
market, became, by mai riage, part-proprif r
of the Royal Circus, now the Surrey Thea!,
for which he wrote many of his pieces.
Cross, Julian. Actor and playwrij ,
born 1861 ; made his London debut in e
former capacity at the Cabinet Theatni
1S6S. In 1870 he was with Mrs. John W 1
at the Court Theatre ; in 1872, with Augu; s
Daly at the Grand Opera House. New Y(r-
He was in the original casts of ' Mothei i-
Law' (Liverpool, 1881), 'The Crimes.-f
Paris • (Surrey, 1883), ' A Trip to the Mc ^
(Havmarket theatre, 1883), ' A Dark Sec
(Surrey Theatre. 1886), 'The Noble V;'.-
bond ' (Princess's, 1886), ' Mr. Barnes -i
New York' (Olympic, 1888), •She'(Gai'.
i^
I
CROSS
357
CROW
1886), ' In Danger ' (Vaudeville, 1887),
'Hands Across the Sea' (Princess's, 1888),
' A Sailor's Knot ' (Driirv Lane, 1891), ' Uncle
John' (Vaudeville, 1893), 'Mrs. Othello'
(Toole's, 1S93). He is the author of the
following pieces :— ' Heinrich ' (1876), ' The
Crimson Rock ' (1879), ' Current Coin ' (1879),
'Outcast Poor' (1884), 'Boiling Water'
(1885), 'A Miser' (1887), 'The Penalty'
(1890), ' Sweet Cupid's Net ' (1892).
Cross, Mrs. Actress ; was the original
representative of Altesidora in the third
part of ' Don Quixote ' (1696), Miss Hoyd&ti
in 'The Relapse' (1697), Mrs. Clerimont in
'The Tender Husband' (1705), Lady Sadlife
in ' The Double Gallant ' (1707), Miranda in
'The Busybody' (1708), etc. Among her
other rOles were Ophelia, Mrs. Ford, Me-
lantha in ' Marriage-^-la-INIode,' Belinda in
'The Old Bachelor,' and Olivia in 'The
Plain Dealer.' She seems to have retired
in 1724.
Cross and the Crescent (The). A
irama by Daniel BANDMANN.Theatre Royal,
Huddersfield, September 16, 1876.
Cross for Valour (The). A military
Irama in four acts, by John Douglass and
Frank Bateman, Grand Theatre, Croydon,
Tuly 5, 1897 ; Brixton Theatre, London,
Ifuly 12, 1897.
i Cross of Honour (The). See False
'iViTNESS.
Cross of St. John's (The). A drama
n three acts, by W. T. Lucas (q.v.).
Cross Partners. A comedy "by a
idy," tirst performed at the Haymarket
'heatre in August, 1792. "This seems to
•e taken partly from a novel called ' The
lentish INIaid' and partly from a French
iece of Destouches " (' Biographia Dra-
latica').
, Cross Purposes. A farce adapted
■y O'Brien from 'Les Trois Fr^res Rivaux'
f Lafont, and tirst performed at Covent
Irarden in December, 1772, with a cast in-
-uding Shuter and Quick. (2) A comedietta
lapted by M. Parselle iq.v.) from the
rench, and first performed at the Strand
heatre in March, 1865, with a cast includ-
ig the author and Miss M. Palmer.
Cross Roads of Life (The). A play
ased on Sue's • Mysteres de Paris,' but witii
le locale transferred to England and the
laracters Anglicized ; performed at Sadler's
'ells Theatre, November 13, 1843, with a
.st including H. Marston, C. J. Smith, Miss
Rankley, etc. Plays with this title, per-
rraed in U.S.A., are credited to Thompson
id Collier, and to M. Leffingwell. —
-he Cross Roads : ' a drama in three acts,
• John Sargent ; Royal Clarence Theatre,
)ver, July 13, 1885.—' Cross Roads : ' a one-
t drama by J. J, Dilley iq.v.).
Crossing- the Line ; or. Crowded
ouses. A comic drama in two acts,
George Almar, first performed at the
irrey Theatre in December, 1832, with a
cast including Dibdin Pitt, Yale, Miss
Vincent, etc,
Crosstree, Captain, figures in Doug-
las Jerrold's 'Blackey'd Susan' (q.v.), in
Biirnand's burlesque of that play (q.v.), in
WiLLS's 'William and Susan' (q.v.), and
also in ' Blue-eyed Susan ' (q.v.).
Crotchet. (1) A character in ' The Box
Lobby Challenge ' (q.v.). (2) Mr. and Mrs.
Crotchet, in L. Buckingham's 'Don't Lend
your Umbrella' (q.r.). (3) Pompey Brutus
Crotchet, in Mrs. Phillips's ' Uncle Crot-
chet' (q.v.).
Crotchet Lodgre. A farce by Thomas
HURLSTONE, performed at Covent Garden in
February, 1795.
Crotchets. A farce by Frederick
Hay, Strand Theatre, London, June 10, 1876.
Crouch, Anna Maria [nee Phillips].
Vocalist and actress, born 1763, died 1805 ;
daughter of a solicitor and public reader ;
was early trained for the profession, and in
1799 articled to Thomas Linley, of Drury
Lane, where she made her debut in Novem-
ber, 1780, as Mandane in Arne's ' Arta-
xerxes ' (q.v.). In the following year .«he was
seen as the heroine of ' Lionel and Clarissa '
(q.v.) ; later, after engagements in Ireland,
she appeared in London as Emily in ' The
Double Disguise '(ry.r.). In 17S5 she married
a naval lieutenant named Crouch, from
whom she separated in 1791. From that
point onwards she was closely associated
with Michael Kelly, the composer and
vocalist (q-v.). She made several appear-
ances in drama— notably as Ophelia, Olivia
(' Twelfth Night'), and Celia (' As You Like
It'). She retired from the stage in 1801,
and thereafter devoted herself to teaching,
among her pupils being Mrs. Liston and
INIrs. Charles Mathews. "Mrs. Crouch,"
writes William Robson, " -was one of those
lovely women of.whom lovers and poets often
rave and MTite, but .such as people in sober
earnest seldom see ; and the quality of
which we have here to treat was very nearly
equal to her personal charms - she was really
a delightful singer " (' The Old Playgoer ').
See Young's ' Memoirs of Mrs. Crouch '
(1806), Oxberry's ' Dramatic Biography '
(1826), Kelly's ' Reminiscences,' T. J. Di'b-
din's ' Reminiscences,' ' The Thespian Dic-
tionary.'
Cro"W, Jim, was an old and deformed
slave employed by the proprietor of a livery
stable at Cincinnati, whose name he had
(as was the custom) adopted. This negro
was wont to indulge in a quaint song and
dance, each verse of the former ending
with—
•' Wheel about, turn about.
Do jis so ;
An' ebery time I wheel about,
I jump Jim Crow."
T. D. Rice, the actor (q.v.), heard the ditty
sung, and made it the basis of the song and
dance afterwards so famous on both sides
of the Atlantic. See the New York Times,
I
CROWDERO
358
CRUEL LAW
June 5, 1881. Other versions of the origin
of ' Jim Crow ' are given by F. C. Wemyss in
his Autohiography (1S4S) and R. P. Nevin
in 'The Atlantic Monthly ' (November, 1867).
"'Sol 'Smith says that the character was
first seen in a piece by Solon Robinson
called ' The Rifle ' " (L. Hutton, ' Curiosities
of the American Stage ').
Crowdero. A servant of Cantato in
'Bayes' Opera' (q.v.).
Crowe, Sidney. Actress ; made her
professional d^but, as a child, at Birming-
ham in 1876, when she played little Leah
to the Leah of her mother (Miss Kate Bate-
man). In 1887 she joined the Edward
Compton Comedy Company, with which,
since 1894, she has played Kate Hardcastle,
Lad)/ Teazle, Lydia Languish, Clara Dov.glas
in ' Money,' etc. She was the original re-
presentative of Lady Lidcombe in E. Pem-
berton's ' Edmund Kean ' (g.v.).
Crowing- Hen (The). An adaptation
of Audran's ' Le Serment d' Amour,' per-
formed at Wallack's Theatre, New York, in
May, 1886, with Signor Perugini, Madame
Cottrelly, and others in the cast. See
Bridal Trap.
Crovm. Diamonds (The). An opera
by Aubev (q.v.), first performed -with an
English libretto at the Princess's Theatre,
London, on May 2, 1844, with Mdme. Anna
Thillon as Catarina and Paul Bedford as
Fiebodello ; played in September, 1857, at the
Lyceum Theatre. It has been burlesqued
by Robert Reece in the piece called ' The
Half-Crown Diamonds' (q.v.).
Crown for Love (A). An historical
play in five acts, by Miss J. Evelyn, pro-
duced at the Princess's Theatre, Edinburgh,
June 17, 1874 ; Gaiety Theatre, London,
October 16, 1875.
Crown of Thorns (A). A drama in
four acts, by Gilbert Elliott, Eden The-
atre, Brighton, September 7, 1896 ; Olympic
Theatre, London, October 10, 1896.
Crown Prince (The); or, The
Buckle of Brilliants. A drama in two
acts, by T. E. Wilks (q.v.), first performed
at Sadler's Wells on July 16, 1838, with R.
Honner in the title part, and other parts by
J. Webster, D. Pitt, Miss E. Honner, and
Mrs. J. F. Saville.
Crowne, John. Dramatist ; died
(?) 1703 ; was the author of the following dra-
matic pieces, printed in the years named :—
' Juliana ' (1671), ' Charles VIII. of France'
(1672), ' The Country Wit ' (1675), ' Andro-
mache (1675), 'Calisto (1675), 'City Poli-
tiques ' (1675), * The Destruction of Jerusa-
lem' (1677), 'The Ambitious Statesman'
(1679), 'The Misery of Civil War' (16S0),
•Henry VL,' Part L (1681), 'Thvestes'
(1681), ' Sir Courtly Nice ' (1685), ' Darius '
(1688), • The English Friar ' (1690), ' Regulus '
(1694), 'The Married Beau' (1694), 'Cali-
gula ' (1693), and ' Justice Busy ' (q.v.). There
is uncertainty about both Crowne's parent-
age and birthplace, but he seems to have
been educated in Nova Scotia, and to hav(
begun life in England as " gentleman
usher" to a rich old lady. Becoming play
Wright, he enjoyed the patronage of tli
Earl of Rochester, and afterwards o
Charles II. The exact date of his death i
not known. An edition of his works ap
peared in 1873. See Langbaine's ' Dramatic.
Poets,' the 'Biographia Dramatica,' Genest'
' English Stage,' etc. Professor Ward say
of Crowne : " His dramatic efforts were e?
tremely varied in style and species. As
writer of tragedy he holds a conspicuou
place among the followers of several styles
for he can hardly be said to have a style c
his own. Often happy in the choice an
ingenious in the construction of his plots, t
possesses a certain power of coarse bi
not ineffective characterization. But I.
entirely lacks not only refinement, bi
elevation of sentiment " (' English Dramat
Literature ').
Crucifixion (The). See Cheste,
Plays, Towneley Plays.
Cruel Brother (The). A prose tragec
by Sir William D'Avenant (q.v.), presents
at Black Fryars, and printed in 1630. " TJ
play is a commonplace story of crnel lus
. . . The figure of Castruccio is a disgrac
ful libel" (Ward).
Cruel Carmen ; or, The Demente
Drag-oon and the Terrible Tor
ador. A burlesque by J. Wilto.n Jon
of Bizet's opera. Princess's Theatre, Ma!
Chester, JIarch 29, 1880. See Carmen.
Cruel City (The) ; or, London I
Nig-ht. A drama in four acts, by Ge
trude Warden and Wilton Jones, Sun,
Theatre, London, October 5, 1896.
Cruel Debtor (The). An interlu-
by William Wager, licensed in 1565
" Among the characters are Basileus, Fl
tery, liigonr, and Simulation" (W.
Hazlitt).
Cruel Gift (The); or. The Roy
Resentment. A tragedy by Mrs. Ce:
livre (q.v.), acted at Drury Lane in Dece
ber, 1717, with a cast including Boc
Ryan, MUls, Quin, Mrs. Oldfield, and M
Porter. " The design is founded on 1
story of Sigismunda and Guiscardo, wh
is to be met with in Boccace's novel
(' Biographia Dramatica ').
Cruel Kindness (The). A play in t
acts, by Mrs. Crowe (q.v.), first perforn/.
at the Haymarket Theatre on June 6, li .
with H. Howe as Duke of Urbino, Ba'
Sullivan and W. Farren as his sons Gir)
and Carlo, Miss Reynolds as Floreit
(secretly married to Giulio), Mrs. L. Be -
ingham as Viola (beloved by Carlo), A
other parts by Mrs. Fitzwilliam, ^-s
Chaplin, Rogers, and Buckstone. ''
" cruel kindness " is that of Giulio wher ^
denies that he is wedded to Florentia, t s
saving her from immediate harm.
Cruel Law (A). A comedy-dramr n
four acts, by Walter S. Craven, t
CRUEL LONDON
CUCKOLD'S HAVEN
performed at thfi Theatre Royal, Stratford,
London, December 16, 1895, with a cast
including Miss Louise Moodie, Miss Essex
Dane, Miss Marion Lind, and Henry Vibart.
Cruel London. A play by Frank
Harvey, first performed at the Theatre
Royal, Oldham, March 22,1888; re-christened
' Wicked London,' and first performed in
[London and San Francisco in February,
1890.
Cruel to be Kind. A farce in one act,
by T. J. Williams and A. Harris {q.v.),
first performed at the Princess's Theatre,
London, on March 6, 1860, with A. Harris
as Cremutius Broicn, F. Matthews as Cognovit
Blackstone, and other parts by Misses Car-
lotta and Rose Leclercq.
Cruelties of the Spaniards in Peru
,;The): "expressed by instrumental and
yocal music, and by art of perspective in
'scenes," by Sir William D'Avenant ; pro-
iuced at the Cockpit, Drury Lane, "ap-
:3arently towards the close of 16r)8," in which
jrear it was publi.shed. "This exhibition
lyas contrived in order to evade the prosecu-
)iions against acting and actors."
Cruelty of a Stepnaother (The). A
)lay performed at (Jourt by the Lord Cham-
)erlain's servants in December, 1578.
Cruise to China (A). An adaptation
)f 'Le Voyage en Chine,' first performed at
he Garrick Theatre, Whiteciiapel, London,
m June 5, IfcV'J, with a cast including Miss
Adelaide Newton, Wilfrid Esmond, II. Beer-
lohra Tree, etc.
I Cruiser, Atalanta, in Boucicault's
>How she Loves liim* (q.v.), is in love with
Oick Heartley. (2) There is a Cai)tain
'miser, R.N., in Wooler's ' Did I dream
:r(q.v.).
Crummy, Mr. A character in J. M.
lORTON's ' Betsy Baker' (q.v.).
Crusade (The). An historical romance
y Frederic Rkvnolds, first performed at
event Garden in May, 1790.
Crusader and the Craven (The).
, " mediaeval " opera in one act, words by
■^ Allison, music by Percy Reeve, first
arformed at the Globe Theatre, London,
1 October 7, 1890.
Crusaders (The). (1) An opera, music
' Sir JuUus Benedict, libretto by Alfred
ROWN and St. Georges, produced at
rury Lane about 1846. (2) A drama, chiefly
blank verse, by J. Ebsworth, first per-
rmed at the Marylebone Theatre in No-
mber, 1849. (3) A "comedy of modern
mdon life," in three acts, by Henry
aiHUR Jones, first performed at the
'enue Theatre, London, on November 2,
H, with Arthur Cecil as Lord Burnham,
trke Stephens as Dick Busper (his son),
wis Waller as Philos Ingarfield, H.
imble as Mr. Burcje Jawle, Miss Wini-
•d Emery as Cynthia Greenslade, Lady
'nekton as 3/r.s\ Campion- Blake, Miss
ia Brandon as Una Dell, and other parts
by Weeden Grossmith, Sant Matthews, A.
Aynesworth, etc.
Crushed Tragedian (The). See
Prompter's Box.
Crusoe, Robinson. See How I found
Crusoe and Rorinson Crusoe.
Crusoe the Cruiser. A burlesque
opera in tAvo acts, words by J. "Wilton
Jones, music by A. Christensen and M.
Connolly, produced at the Parkhurst The-
atre, London.
Crusoe, The Female. See Hannah
Hewitt.
Crusoes, The Cruise of the. A
comic operetta, libretto by E. Byam Wyke,
music by Edward Williams, Queen's Theatre,
Manchester, August 8, 18S1.
Crust of Society (The). An adapta-
tion by Louise I. Guiney of Dumas' ' Le
Demi-Monde,' first performed at Proctor's
Opera House, Hartford, Connecticut, De-
cember 7, 1892. See Fringe op Society.
Crutch and Toothpick. A " comedy
of the day," by G. R. Sims (q.v.\ suggested
by Labiche's ' Les Petits Mains,' and first
performed at the Royalty Theatre, London,
on April 14, 1879, with Kdgar Bruce as Guy
Deeereux, Lytton Sotliern as Cecil Leiyhton,
Charles Groves as Alderman Jones, W. S.
Penley as Jellicoe, Mi.ss Rose Cullen as Dolly,
and Miss Lottie Venne as Amy Jones [later
in the first run Jellicoe was played by Fred
Solomon and G. Honey, and Amy bv Miss
Nellie Bromley] ; performed at the Gaiety
in November, 1879.
Cry To-day and Laug-h To-mor-
row. A comic piece in two acts, words by
E. P. Knight, music by T. Cooke, first
performed at Drury Lane in November,
1816.
C r yp t oconchoidsy phonostomata.
A farce by Charles Coi.lette (q.v.), per-
formed, with the author as Plantagenet
Smith, at the Opera Comique, London,' No-
vember, 1876.
Crystal Palace. See London
Theatres.
Crystal Slipper (The); or, Prince
Prettywitz and Little Cinderella.
A musical piece, written by Alfred
Thompson, composed by Harry B. Smith,
and performed in U.S. A. 'in 1S88.
Cuba. (1) A play by A. C. GuNTER(g'.i;.),
performed in U.S.A. (2) A play byHARKiNS
and Barbour, also performed in the United
States.—' Cuba's Vows,' a play by J. J.
McCloskey, and 'The Cuban Patriot/ a
play by J. F. Milliken, have also been
produced in America.
Cuckold's Haven. A farce by Nahum
Tate, acted at Dorset Garden, and printed
in 1685. "The plot is borrowed partly from
' Eastward Hoe ' and partly from ' The
Devil's an Ass' of Ben Jonson." — 'The
Cuckold in Council : ' a com-edy by Sir John
II
CUCKOO
CUMBERLAND
1
VANBRUGH((?.tJ.). freely translated fromMo-
liere's ' Cocu Iinaginaire,' and acted at the
Queen's Theatre in the iiaymarket in 1706.
— * The Cuck-Queans and Cuckolds Errant :'
a comedy bv William Percy (1601), re-
printed in 1824.
Cuckoo (The). (1) A comedietta in one
act, by Walter Helmore {q.v.), first per-
formed at the Criterion Theatre, London,
October 5, 1887. (2) A farce in three acts,
by Henry Guy Carleton {q.v.), first per-
formed at Baltimore, U.S.A., on Septem-
ber 12, 1S98. (3) A comedy in three acts,
adapted by C. H. E. Brookfield from
Meilhac's ''Decors?,' and first performed at
the Avenue Theatre, London, on March 2,
1899, with a cast including C H. Hawtrey,
A. Williams, C E. Stevens, .Miss Constance
Collier {Lady Alexandra Park), Miss Fannie
Ward, and Miss Vane Featherston ; pro-
duced at Wallack's Theatre, New York,
April 3, 1899.
Cuckoo, Squire. A character in
Carey's ' Contrivances' {q.v.).
"Cuckoo-buds of yellow hue."—
' Love's Labour's Lost,' act v. sc. 2.
"Cuckoo, cuckoo, — O word, of
fear." See '" When daisies pied."
Cudlip, Paul and Rose. Characters
in Albery'S 'Forgiven' {q.v.).
Cuisla-ma-Chree. A play by Diox
BorciCAULT {q.v.), mainly adapted from
' Guy Mannering ' {q.v.), and first performed
at Boston, U.S.A.. in February, ISSS, with
the author as Andy Dolan, and Miss Ey tinge
and Mrs. Barker in other parts. See Cl'SHLA-
ma-Chree.
Cullen, Rose [Mrs. Albert Tuck].
Actress, died December, 1S8S ; after some
practice in the English provinces, made her
London ddbut at the Lyceum on January
22, 1870, as the page in ' Chilperic' (g.r.).
Among the characters of which she was
afterwards the original representative
were—Jenyiy Joyces in Eeece's 'Vampire'
(Strand, 1S72), Jenny in Matthison and
Wyndham's ' Tantalus ' (Folly, 187S), Dolly
Dcvereux in Sims's ' Crutch and Toothpick'
(Royaltv, 1879), and Honoria Trinkett in
' Themis ' (Royalty, 1850).
Cully, Sir Nicholas. A character in
i:THEREGE'S ' Comical Revenge ' {q.v.).
Culprit (The). A farce in one act, by
Thomas Haynes Bayly {q.v.), first per-
formed at the St. James's Theatre, London,
on January IS, 1S3S, with a cast including
Harley, Madame Sala. and Mrs. Stirling.
— ' Culprits : ' a farcical play in three acts,
by Arthur Law {q.v.), first performed at
the Prince of Wales's Theatre, Liverpool,
August 29, 1890.
Culture. A comedy in three acts,
adapted from Pailleron's ' Le Monde oil
Ton s'ennuie' (1831), by Sebastian Evans
and Frank Evans, and first performed at
Bournemouth on December 5, 1884 ; pro-
duced at the Gaiety Theatre, London, on
the afternoon of May 5, 1885, with a cast
including Frank Evans, F. M. Paget, Arthi
Dillon. Miss M. Ayrtoun, Miss V. Noau
and Miss Lenore.
Cumberland, John, born 1787, die!
1S66, was the publisher of the series (!
printed plays known as ' Cumberland'
British and Minor Theatre.' See Danie'
George.
Cumberland, Richard. Dramat:
and miscellaneous writer, born Februari
1732, died May, 1811 ; son of Dr. Denisc
Cumberland, Bishop of Kilmore ; educate
at Westminster and Cambridge ; and sn
cessively private secretary to Lord Halifa:
Crown agent for Novia 'Scotia, assistan.
secretary (and afterwards secretary) to tt
Board of Trade. The following pieces co!
tributed by him to the stage are named i'
the order in which they were published :-•
' The Banishment of Cicero ' (1761), ' Th
Summer's Tale' (1765), 'Amelia' (176S
' The Brothers ' (1769), ' The West Indian
(1771), ' The Fashionable Lover' (1772), 'Ti:
Note of Hand' (1774), 'The Choleric Mai'
(1775), 'The Battle of Hastings' (177;
' Calypso' (1779), 'The Widow of Delph
(songs, 17S0), 'The Mvsterious Husbam.
(17S3), ' The Carmehte ' (1784), ' The Naturi
Son' (1785), 'The Impostors' (1789), 'Tl.
Box-Lobbv Challenge' (1794), 'The Jev,
(1794 \ 'the Wheel of Fortune' (179:'
' First Love ' (1795), ' Don Pedro ' (179f-
' The Days of Yore ' (1796), ' The Last of tl
Family' (1797), 'False Impressions' (179:
' The Clouds ' (1797), 'Joanna of Montfauco-
(1800), ' The Sailor's Daughter ' (ISO:
' Hints to Husbands' (1806), and 'The Je
of Mogadore' (ISOS). Cumberland was tl.
author, also, of the following pieces :
' The Pi-incess of Parma ' (1778), ' The Elc
tion' (1778), 'The Walloons' (1782), 'Tl,
Arab ' (1785), ' The Countrv Attorney ' (178'.
'The School for Widows' (1789), 'Tl.
Armourer' (1793), 'The Dependant' (179.
' The Eccentric Lover ' (1795), ' A Word f
Nature ' (179S), ' Lovers' Resolutions' (ISO:
' Victory and Death of Lord Nelson ' (180
' The Robber ' (1809), ' The Widow's or
Son ' (1810), ' Alcanor,' ' The False Den
trius,' ' The Passive Husband,' ' The Sibj
' Tiberius in Caprepe,' ' Torrendal.' He v..
responsible, further, for adaptations ,
' Timon of Athens ' (1771), ' The Bondma
(1779), and ' The Duke of Milan' (1779).
volume of dramatic works by him was pr
limbed in 1S13. See the ' Memoir of Eicha^
Cumberland,Written by Himself, Containi
an Account of his Life and Writings ' (180,
and William Mudford's 'Life of Richa
Cumberland, Esq. ' (1812). In his ' Retab
tion ' Goldsmith wrote—
" Here C'jmberland lies, having acted hi? parts.
The Terence of England, the mender of hearts ;
A flattering painter who made it his care
To draw men as they ought to be, not as they are.
His gallants are all faultless, his women divuie,
And Comedy wonders at being so fine ;
Like a tragedy queen he has dizened her out.
Or, rather, like Tragedy giving a rout.
His fools have their follies so lost in a crowd
Of virtues and feelings, tliat Folly grows proud ;
And coxcombs, alike in their failings alone, _
Adopting his portraits are proud of their own.
CUMBERLAND
CUPID AND PSYCHE
"Mr. Cumberland," ^vrote Thomas Davies,
"is unquestionably a man of very great
abilities ; it is his misfortune to rate them
gi-eatly above their value." " He wrote some
good comedies," says Sir Egerton Brydges,
"and was a miscellaneous -svriter of some
popularity ; but in every department he was
of a secondary class — in none had he origi-
naHty." See Plagiary, Sir Fretful.
Cumberland '61. A melodrama in
four acts, by Franklin Fyles, Fourteenth
Street Theatre, New York, October 18, 1897.
Cuneg-onde. A country lass in ' Dago-
hert'iq.v.).
Cunning- Lovers (The). A comedy
by Alexander BROME(ry.f.), actedat Drury
Lane, circa 1639, and printed in 1654.
Cunning- Man (The). A musical
entertainment by Dr. JiURNEY, translated
from Rousseau's ' Devin de Village,' acted
at Drury Lane and printed in 1766.
Cunning-ham, John. Actor and mis-
cellaneous writer, born 1729, died 1773 ;
author of a farce called. ' Love in the Mist '
(1747).
Cunning-ham, liieut. -Col. Francis.
See Marlowe and Massinger.
Cunning-ham, Peter. Antiquary and
miscellaneous writer ; author of ' The Story
[of Nell Gwynn,' first published in 1852, and
(reprinted in 1892 ; also, editor of the Works
of Goldsmith.
Cunopes. The jailer in D'Avenant's
'Rivals' (q.v.).
Cup (The). A tragedy in two acts, by
Alfred, Lord Tennyson, first performed
at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on January
\i, 1881, Avith H. Irving as Synurix, W. Terri.ss
lis Sinnatus, Miss Ellen Terry as Ccnnina,
ind Miss Pauncefort and F. Tyars in other
parts.
Cup and the Lip (The). A drama
>ased on ' Le Testament de Cesar Girardot,'
md performed in New York in October, 1861.
vith a cast including C. Walcot, sen. and
un., W. Davidge, sen., Mrs. C. Walcot, etc.
Cup of Tea (A). A comedietta adapted
rem ' Une Tasse de The,' and first per-
ormed at the Princess's Theatre, London,
'ebruary 15, 1869, with Mddle. Beatrice as
Auly Clara Seymour, "\V. Rignold as Sir
'harles Seyviour, and Dominick Murray as
'croggins ; revived at the Gaiety Theatre,
lOiidon, March, 1883.
Cupboard Love. (1) A farce by Frede-
ICK Hay (q.v.), first performed at the
audeville Theatre, London, on April 18,
B70. (2) A farce in throe acts, by H. V.
■SMOND, first performed at the Court The-
tre, London, December 3, 1898, with a cast
K'luding Herbert Standing, Seymour Hicks,
ion G. Boucicault, Miss May Whitty, Miss
. Boucicault, Miss S. Carlisle, and Miss
t. A. Victor.
Cupid has given his name to several
dramatic pieces : notably to (1) A masque
by Thomas Middleton, printed in 1613.
(2) A burlesque performed at the Adelphi
Theatre, London, in 1833, with John Reeve
in the cast. "The obesity of Mr. Reeve,"
says Westland Marston, "was the chief
point of humour in his assumption of
Cupid." (3) A burlesque by Joseph
Graves, performed in 1837 at the Queen's
and Strand Theatres, with Wild and Miss
Malcolm at the former house, and Hammond
and Miss Daly at the other, as the god of
love and his beloved. In this piece Cupid
figured as a gay deceiver who has promised
marriage to Pysche, but refuses to fulfil the
promise. Thereon Jupiter declares that
Cupid shall be shot dead by Psyche ; but she
shoots only with the god's own arrows, and
so transfixes him with the love she yearns
for. (4) A burlesque by H. P. Stephens
and C. Harris, produced at the Royalty
Theatre, London, on April 26, 1880, with
Miss Amalia in the title part, F. Irving as
Jupiter, C. Ashford as Medvn, D. Fisher,
jun., as Strephon, Miss iNIarie "Williams as
Mercury, Miss Agnes Hewitt as Venus, Miss
Kate Lawler as Psyche, and Miss Alma
Stanley as Philander. (5) A musical comedy
by H. A. Duff, Theatre Royal, Southamp-
ton, April 14, 1882.— Cui^iVZ fi'gures, further,
in Marlowe's ' Dido, Queen of Carthage '
{q.v.\ in JoNSON's ' Cynthia's Revels ' {q.v.),
in 'The Birthday' {q.v.), in O'Hara's
' Midas ' {q.v.), in Planche'S ' Orpheus in
the Haymarket,' in R. Brough's 'Siege of
Troy' {q.v.), in W. Brough's 'Pygmalion'
{qr.), in Talfoi.rd's ' Atalanta' (^.r.). See
following paragraphs and Eros.
Cupid, Doctor. See Doctor Cupid.
Cupid, St. See St. Cupid.
Cupid and Co. A musical farce in
three acts, written by Horace Lennard,
and produced at the City Theatre, Sheffield,
in August, 1894.
Cupid and Death. A masque by
James Shirley, printed in 1659, performed
before the Portuguese Ambassador, with
music by :Matthew Lock and Christopher
Gibbons, on March 26, 1653.
Cupid and Hymen. A masque by
J. Hughes, printed about 1717.
"Cupid andmyCampaspe played.'*
First line of a song in Lyly's 'Alexander
and Campaspe' {q.v.)—
" .\t last he set her both his eyes ;
She won, and Cupid blind did rise."
Cupid and Psyche. (1) A masque
by Thomas Heywood {q.v.) ; this seems to
have been known also under the name of
' Cupid's Mi-stress.' (2) A " ballet enter-
tainment," performed at Drury Lane in
1797. (3) A pantomime by Charles Selbt,
first performed at the Adelphi Theatre,
London, in December, 1857, with Miss Marie
AVilton as Cupid and Harlequin, Miss Mary
Keeley as Psyche and Columbine, Mrs. John
Billington as Venus, Paul Bedford as
CUPID FROM JEWRY
362
CURE FOR THE HEARTACHE
Jupiter. (4) A burlesque by F. C. BUR-
NAND iq.v.), first performed at the Olympic
Theatre, London, in December, 1S64. (5)
A musical sketch by Mary Righton, Bijou
Theatre, Bayswater, April, 1S95. See Bride
OF Love.
Cupid frora Je-wry. A comedy in
three acts, by J. A. Mason, Kilburn, Lon-
don, ]May 3, 1817.
Cupid in Camp. A comic drama in two
acts, adapted from tlie French of Scribe by
G. C. Vernon {qv.), and first performed at
the Criterion Theatre, London, on May 22,
1SS2, with a cast inchidina; W. Blakelev, H.
H. Astley. Lytton Sotliern, Miss M. Rorke,
and Miss'Rose Saker. See Flying Colours.
Cupid in Ermine. A comedietta by
Ellen Lancaster Wallis, Princess of
"VVales's Theatre, Kennington, March 27,
1899.
Cupid in "Waiting-. A comedy in two
acts, by Blanchard Jerrold (r/.r.), first
performed at the Royalty Theatre, London,
on July 22, ISTl.
"Cupid, pardon what is past."
First line of the prayer to Cupid in BEAU-
MONT and Fletcher's ' Cupid's Revenge'—
'• We will be coy no more,
And your deity adore."
Cupid's Banishment. A masque by
Robert White, " presented to Her Majesty
by young gentlewomen of the Ladies' Hall
in Deptford at Greenwich," May 4,1617. —
' Cupid, his Coronation : ' a masque per-
formed "at the Spittle" in 1654.
Cupid's Ladder. A two-act drama by
Leicester Buckingham (g.r.), first per-
formed at the St. James's Theatre. London,
October 29, 1S59, with a cast including Miss
Lydia Thompson, Miss Nelly Moore, and
Charles Young.
Cupid's Messenger. A blank-verse
play in one act, by Alfred C. Calmour
iq.v.), first performed at the Novelty Theatre,
London [under the title of 'Love's Mes-
senger'], on the afternoon of July 22, 1884,
•with Miss Kate Rorke as Mary Sidney,
Miss !Maud ^lilton as Lady Constance
Eoivard, Miss Lesley Bell as Liicette, and
F. H. Macklin as Sir Philip Sidney ; revived
at the Vaudeville Theatre, 1SS5, with Miss
Kate Rorke as before, Miss Maud Millett
as Lady Constance, and W. Everard as Sir
Philip ; at the Vaudeville on December 2,
1887, with Miss Rorke, Miss Millett, E. W.
Gardiner, and Miss Florence Perry ; per-
formed in New York in October, 1891.
Cupid's Odds and Ends. A comedy
in three acts, by Catherine Lewis, per-
formed "for copyright purposes" at the
Parkhurst Theatre, HoUoway, London.
Cupid's Reveng-e. (1) A tragedy by
Beaumont and Fletcher, first performed
by the Children of the Revels on January 1,
1612-13, and first printed in 1615. It was
played after the Restoration under the
name of 'Love Despised.' (2) A musical
pastoral in two acts, by F. Gentleman,
Haymarket Theatre, June 12, 1772.
Cupid's "Whirligig-. A play acted by
the Children of the King's Majesty's Re-
vels, licensed in 1607 and also printed in
that year.
Cupps, Mrs., in Albery's 'Two Roses'
(.q.r.), is Lijby Grant's landlady.
Cups and Saucers. An operetta by
George Cuossmith (q.v.), performed at the
Opera Comique Tlieatre, London, August 5,
1S78, by Richard Temple and Mish EmUy
Cross.
Coiran. A courtier in 'King Lear''
(q-i--\
Curate (The). A comedy-drama, in five
acts and one tableau, by Rass Challis,
Prince of Wales's Theatre, Great Grimsby,'
May 3, 1886. |
Cure for a Coxcomb (A); or. The
Beau Be-Devil'd. A musical piece per-
formed at Covent Garden in May, 1792.
Cure for a Cuckold (A). A comedj
by John Webster (q.v.) and Williaj
Rowley (-7. v.), printed in 1661. The ' ' cure'
is for the husband to divorce his wife anc
marry again. The central figure of the pla;
is one, Cornjmss, a sailor, who has beei
absent from his home for four years, and
on his return, finds his wife the mother 0
a three-months'-old child. See Love'.
Graduate. 1
Cure for a Scold (A). A ballad oper;
by James Worsdale, adapted from 'Thj
Taming of the Shrew' (q.v.), acted at DroTj
Lane in 1735. ;
Cure for Coquettes (A). See Alm'
Mater.
Cure for Jealousy (A). A comedy t;
John Corey, acted at Lincoln's Inn Field;
and printed in 1701. I
Cure for Liove (A). A comedy in tw
acts, by Tom Parry (5.^.), first performed:,
the Havmarket Theatre on November 2
1842, with J. B. Buckstone as Eichard Sa
grove, Farren as Felix Trimmer, H. Wide
comb as Sicitch, IMrs. Raymond as M)'
Trimmer, Mrs. F. Matthews SiS Mrs. TubV
and other parts by Howe, Tilbury, Mi
Glover, etc. ; revived in 1853, with Bucksto
in his original part, supported by W.
Chippendale, Miss E. Chaplin, Mrs. Poynt'
etc.
Cure for the Fidg-ets (A). A fai
by T. J. Williams (q.v.), first performed
the Surrey Theatre, London, on Septeml
14, 1867, -with Edward Terry as Finnii
Fussleton ; revived at the Gaiety Theatre
September, 1876.
Cure for the Heartache (A),
comedy in five acts, by Thomas Mori
(q.v.), first performed at Covent Garden
January 10, 1797, with Munden as old Bap
Lewis as voung Rapid, Quick as Vortei ■
nabob), Murray as Sir Hube)-t Stanley, P' =
I
CUREHEART
CUSHMAX
as Charles Stanley, Waddy as Farmer Oat-
land, Fawcett as Frank Oatland (his son),
' Farley as Bronze (servant to Vortex), Mrs.
Mattocks as Miss Vortex, Mrs. Pope diS Ellen
Vortex, and Miss Wallis as Jessie Oatland ;
revived at the City of London Theatre in
1848; at the Marylebone Theatre in Oc-
tober, 1853 ; at Drury Lane Theatre in
March, 1857, with Mrs. Keeley as Fraiik
' Oatlands; at Sadler's Wells in March, 1858,
■with Phelps as 'young Rapid ; at the
Royalty in September, 1872, with C. Har-
court as young Rapid, which was also one
of Barry Sullivan's parts. " For broad
; humour and humorous situation we may
go back," says Percy Fitzgerald, "to
Morton's pleasant ' Cure for the Heart-
ache.' The two Rapid-t, father and son,
the 'push on, keep moving,' are perfect
. traditions, with tlie nabob, who was so un-
lucky as to get no one to listen to the great
■speech he was prepai'ing" ('Principles of
Comedy,' 1870).
Cureheart, Doctor. A character in
.Mrs. Phillip.s's ' An Organic Affection '
I Curfew (The). A play in five acts, by
iJOHN ToBix ('/.v.), first performed, Mith
(music by Attwood, at Drury Lane on Feb-
^ruary 19, 1807, with Barrymore as Ilufjh de
\Tracy, Bannister as Robert (nis son), Cooke
ias Dunstan, Mrs. Powell as Matilda (De
(Bracy's wife), EUiston as Fitzhardiuf/ (a
captain of robbers), etc. Genest thought
this "a very happy imitation of the old
dramatic writers."
Curio. Attendant on the Duke of llbiria
in 'Twelfth Night.'
Curiosity. (1) A comedy by W. C.
Critton {q.v.), acted at Smock Alley, Dublin,
in 1785. (2) A play from the German
ascribed to Gustavus, King of Sweden),
md performed at Covent Garden in April,
1798. (3) A comedy in three acts, translated
lt)y Francis Lathom from the French of
Mdme. Genlis, and performed at Norwich
[n 1801. (4) A comedy in three acts, by
'Joseph Derrick {q.v.), first performed at
lihe Vaudeville Theatre, LondoU; on Sep-
!;ember 14, 1886, with a cast including E.
^ghton, E. J. Henley, J. C. Buckstone,
!viiss Sophie Larkin, Miss Z. Tilbury, Miss
K. James, etc.
Curiosity Cured. A drama by J. B.
iucKSTO.NE Xq.v.), first performed at Drury
^ane in July, 1825.
Curious Case (A). A comic drama
n two acts, first performed at the Prin-
ess's Theatre, London, in 1846, with C. J.
^lathews as Tiviggleton, and other parts
jyJ. Vining, C. Fisher, Honner, and Mrs.
Stirling (afterwards by Miss Cooper) ; revived
t the Lyceum Theatre in 1853, with C. J.
ilathews and Honner in their original rdles,
•nd Miss :m. Oliver in Mrs. Stirling's ; and
/t the Gaiety in October. 1872, with Mathews
s before and Miss Fanny Brough as Mrs.
iiibrey.
Curious, Sir Peter, in J. Dent's 'The
Telegraph ' (q.v.).
Curll, Edmund. Publisher ; author
of 'The Life of that Eminent Comedian,
Robert Wilks ' (1733).
Current Cash. A drama in five acts,
by C. A. Clarke, first performed at North
Shields on May 3, 1886 ; produced at the
Surrey Theatre, London, on July 25, 1887 ;
first performed in America at Niblo's
Garden, New York, in October, 1892.
Current Coin. A comedy in three acts,
by Julian- Cross, Theatre Royal, Bristol,
February 28, 1879.
Curricombo, in Burnand's and Ste-
phens' ' Balloonacy ' (q.v.).
Curry, Sir Christopher, in 'Inkle
and Yarico' (q.v.). (2) Colonel and Fanny
Curry are characters in E. Morton's ' Etoii
Boy' (q.v.).
Curtain Theatre. See London The-
atres.
Curtis. Servant to Petruchio in 'The
Taming of the Shrew.'
Curtleax. A sergeant in Middleton's
'Roaring Girl' (q.v.).
Cushla-ma-Cree. A drama in three
acts, by John Levey, Adelphi Theatre,
Liverpool, September 1, 1873; Marylebone
Theatre, London, October 18, 1873. See
Cuisla-ma-Chree.
Cushman, Charlotte Saunders.
Actress, born at Boston, U.S.A., July,
1816 ; began her professional career as an
operatic vocalist, making her d^bnt at the
Tremont Theatre in April, 1835, as tlie
Countess in ' The Marriage of Figaro.' She
was engaged as " leading singing lady" at
the St. Charles Tlieatre, New Orleans, bufc
M'as led, by her anxiety to excel, into over-
straining and so ruining her voice, with the
result that she Mas compelled to devote
herself to acting only. Her first dramatic
role was that of Lady Macbeth, in which
she appeared in New Orleans, repeating the
performance in September, 1836, at the
Bowery, New York, where she was also
seen as Alicia in ' Jane Shore,' Mrs. Haller,
and Helen Macgreyor. In the summer of
1837 she figured at Boston as Portia in ' The
Merchant of Venice ' and Henry in ' Speed
the Plough.' From September, 1837, to
September, 1840, she was engaged at the
Park Theatre, New York. During this
period she enacted iio?neo, Gonerilm 'Lear,'
the Queen in ' Hamlet,' Emilia in ' Othello,'
Belvidera in ' Venice JPreserved,' and Julia
in 'The Hunchback;' but her most con-
spicuous successes were made as Meg Merri-
Ues in ' Guy Mannering ' and Nancy Sikes
in ' Oliver Twist ' — assumptions which raised
very considerably her status as an artist.
Says Mrs. Clement, her biographer : "While
Miss Cushman was at the Park Theatre,
her sister Susan made an unfortunate mar-
riage, and by the desertion of her husband
was left in destitute circumstances with a
i
CUSHMAN
364
CUSHMAN
child. Through the influence of Charlotte
she was led to cultivate her talent for the
stage, and was engaged at a small price by
the managers with whom her sister made
contracts." Susan's ddbut was made at the
Park in April, 1837, her second part being
Desdemona to the Othello of Vandenhofi'.
Her best roles seem to have included Pauline
in ' The Lady of Lyons,' Jidie de Mortemar,
Grace Harkaway, and Lady Alice Haio-
thorn. At the Park, in August, 1841, Char-
lotte appeared in 'A Midsummer Night's
Dream' as Oberon to Susan's Helena. In
October, at the same theatre, Charlotte
played Lady Gay Spanker in the first
American representation of 'London As-
surance' (q.v.). In 1842 she began a season
as manager as well as " star " at the Walnut
Street Theatre, Philadelphia. "She dis-
played at that day," says George Vanden-
hoff, "a rude, strong, uncultivated talent.
It was not till after she had seen and acted
with Mr. Macready— which she did the
next season— that .she really brought artistic
study and finish to her performances." At
New York, in October, 1S43, she played
Lady Macbeth to Macready's Macbeth, and
the actor wrote in his diary that she "in-
terested him much." "She has to learn
her art, but she showed mind and sympathy
with me." In December she played Ecadne
to Macready's Melantius in ' The Bridal '
(q.v.), Beatrice to his Benedick, and Angio-
Una to his Marino Faliero. At Boston,
later, she played Julie de Mortemar, and
Lady Oakley iii ' The Jealous Wife.' After
some performances at the Park in Octo-
ber, 1844, Charlotte set sail for England,
encouraged thereto by the advice of Mac-
ready. Her English d^^but took place at the
Princess's, London, on February 13, 1845,
and in the role of Bianca in ' Fazio,' in
which she made a marked impression upon
both press and public. Her engagement,
which M-as brillianc throughout, lasted till
July 15, and in the course of it she ap-
peared successively as Emilia in ' Othello,'
Lady Macbeth, Rosalind, Mrs. Haller, Bea-
trice in ' Much Ado,' Julia in ' The Hunch-
back,' the Duchess of Bracciano in a new
play by James Kenney called ' Infatuation '
Iq.v.), Portia in 'The Merchant of Venice,'
Meg Merrilies, Juliana in ' The Honey-
moon,' and Mariana in 'The Wife.' In
December, 1845, she opened at the Hay-
market as Pi.omeo to her sister's Juliet, and
the play, which secured ti'iumph for both
sisters, had a "run" of eighty nights.
After this (1846-48) came professional visits
to Dublin, Liverpool, and other provincial
centres. In March, 1848, Susan (Mrs. Merri-
man) married for the second time, the
bridegroom being an Englishman named
Muspratt. Later in the year, at Drury
Lane, Charlotte played Queen Katherine to
the Wolsey of Macready, for the latter's
benefit. In October, 1849, she made her
rentrie in America at the Broadway, New
York, where she was seen for the first time
on that side of the Atlantic as Queen Katlie-
rine and Bianca. In 1850, at the same
theatre, she enacted Claude Melnotte for
the first time on any stage. In 1852 shi
decided to retire, and gave a farewell pei
formance at Boston. In the same year sb
made the first of many visits to Italy. Ii
March , 1854, at the Haymarket, she ' 'created
the title part of H. F. Chorley's ' Duches
Elinor' (q.v.), which, however, expired afte
its second representation. In 1855 shi
acted both in London and in the provinces
and in 1857 she reappeared in New York
where, at Burton's Theatre in November
she gave her first impersonation of Cardina
Wolsey. In June, 1858, came another "fare
well," followed in May, 1859, by the deatl
of Mrs. Muspratt. In 1860 and 1861 Chai
lotte was again acting in New York. In 186
she was discovered to be suffering from can
cer in the breast, for which she underwen
more than one operation, without any per
manently good result. As a Shakespearean
reader she appeared in America in 1870, an(.
in the following year she acted at Booth'
Theatre. Her last performance in Ne^
York took place at that playhouse oi
November 7, 1874 ; her last appearance oi
any stage, at Boston on May 15, 1875. Sh
died (of pneumonia) at Boston on Februar.
18, 1876. In addition to the parts note"
above, she had figured as PhMre, Hamlet
Constance in ' The Love Chase,' the Countes
in 'Love,' Ion, and Madge Wildfire. Fo
biography, see Emma Stebbins' 'Charlotte
Cu.shman : her Letters and Memoirs of he
Life ' (1878), Dutton Cook's ' Hours with th.
Plavers ' (1881), Mrs. Clement's ' Charlott'
Cushman ' (1882), W. Winter's ' Shadows c
the Stage ' (1893), and ' Actors and Actresse.
of Great Britain and America.' For crit;,
cism, consult J. E. Murdoch's 'The Stage
W. W. Clapp's ' Boston Stage,' F. C. Wemyss'i
' Theatrical Biography,' G. Vandenhoff'
'Actor's Note-Book,' L. Hutton's 'Play
and Players," and H. Morley's ' Londo;
Playgoer.' Gilbert a Beckett wrote c
Charlotte —
" What figure is that which appears on the scene?
'lis Madame Macready — Miss Cushman, I mean.
What a wondrous resemblance : the walk on the toea
The eloquent, short, intellectual nose ;
The bend of the knee, the slight sneer of the lip,
The frown on the forehead, the hand on the hip.
In the chin, in the voice, 'tis the same to a tittle.
Miss Cushman is Mister Macready in little."
"Charlotte Cushman," writes Dutton Cool
"may assuredly be accounted an actress <
genius in right of her originality, her vivi
power of depicting emotion, the vehement-
and intensity of her histrionic manner. Hi
best successes were obtained in traged;
although she possessed a keen sense <
humour, and could deliver the witty speech"
of Rosalind or of Beatrice with e.vcellej
point and effect. Her Meg Merrilies wi
probably be remembered as her most ir
pressive achievement. It was really, as si
played it, a character of her own iuventioi
but, in truth, it taxed her intellectual X'
sources far less than her Bianca, her Qu^<
Katherine, or her Lady Macbeth. H.
phvsical peculiarities no doubt hmited tl
range of her efforts. . . . Her perfurmanc
lacked femineity, to use Coleridge's wore
CUSTANCE
CYMBELINE
nit in power to stir an audience, to touch
heir sympathies, to kindle their enthusiasm,
.nd compel their applause, she takes rank
mong the finest players."
Custance, Christian. A rich widow
n Udall's ' Kalph Roister Doister ' (q.v.).
Custom House (The). A farcical
;omedy in three acts, byL. A. D. Montague,
irst performed at the Vaudeville Theatre,
jondon, March 24, 1S92.
Custom of the Country (The). A
omedy by John Fletcher (and, ap-
parently, another but unknown writer),
rounded in the main on Cervantes' romance
,f 'Persiles of Sigismunda ' (1616), an English
ranslation of which appeared in 1619. The
ilay, when performed in 1628, was described
,s "old." It was printed in 1647, and re-
dved at the Theatre Royal in 16G7, when
•ts second performance was witnessed by
>epys. "Knipp," he writes, "does the
ddow well ; but of all the plays that ever
did see, the M'orst, having neither plot,
mguage, nor anything on the earth that is
cceptable." Dryden wrote of it that
There is more indecency in ' The Custom
f the Country' than in all our plays to-
ether ; yet this has been often acted on
itie stage in my remembrance." " The
ilustom which gives the name to this
■omedy— namely, that the lord or master
ihould have the first night's lodging with
'very woman married to his tenant or bond-
lan— is said by Bayle to have prevailed at
•ne time in Italy, till it Avas properly sup-
ressed by some Cardinal" (Genest). The
".ading male figures in the story are Arnoldo
ittd Rutilio, two brothers, the former of
hom is on the point of marrying Zenocia.
0 avoid the "custom of the country " they
ave Italy, and enter upon a .series of
Iventures which end happily in the union
■: Zenocia and her lover. Fletcher's play
'rmed part of the foundation of Gibber's
Love makes a Man * {q.v.) and of Johnson's
Country Lasses' {q.v.). See Bickerstaff's
URIAL.
Cut and Come Ag-ain. A farce by
OBERT SouTAR, Olympic Theatre, London,
ugust 9, 1879.
Cut for Partners. A farce in one act,
V J. Briton, first performed at the Prin-
iss's Theatre, liondon, in April, 1845, with
ranby and 3Iduie. Sala as Mr. and Mrs.
'heezy, and other parts by Higgle, Wright,
x^erry, and Miss E. Honner.
Cut off with a Shilling-. A comedi-
ta by S. Theyre Smith {q.v.), first per-
rmed at the Prince of Wales's, London,
pril 10, 1871, with a cast including Charles
)llette, H. W. Montgomery, and Miss
irlotta Addison ; revived at the Gaiety in
ecember, 1876.
Cutbeard. A barber in JONSON'S ' Epi-
ene'(g.i'.).
Cutbody, Caleb. Assistant surgeon in
AiNES's ' Wizard of the Wave.'
Cute, Alderman, figures in k Beckett
and Lemon's adaptation of 'The Chimes'
{q.v.). (2) Mr. Abel Cute, in Lunn's ' Sharp
Practice ' {q.v.), is an attorney.
Cuthbert, Cyril. The hero of Bvron's
' Cyril's Success ' {q.v.).
Cutlack. A play performed by the
Lord Admiral's Servants in May, 1594, and
afterwards, the title part being represented
by Edward Alleyn {q.v.).
Cutler, Kate. Actress and vocalist ;
made her London debut at Toole's Theatre
in 1888 as Inez in Lecocq's ' Pepita.' She
was the original representative of Malaguena
in Planquette's ' Paul Jones ' (1889), Lady
Edytha in ' A Society Girl ' (1893), Connie in
' All Abroad ' (1895), Dorothy in ' Monte
Carlo ' (1896), the title characters in * A
Modern Trilbv ' (1896), ' The French Maid '
(1897), and ' Little Miss Nobody ' (1898), and
Angela in ' Florodora' (1899).
Cutlet. A "sentimental butcher" in
Lamb's ' Pawnbroker's Daughter ' {q.v.).
Cutpurse, Moll. One of the characters
in Field's ' Amends for Ladies' {q.v.). See
Roarlng Girl.
Cutter, Captain, in Palgrave Simp-
son's ' That Oilious Captain Cutter ' {q.v.).
Cutter of Coleman Street. See
Guardian, The.
Cuttle, Captain, figures in Halliday's
'Heart's Delight' {q.v.) and other adapta-
tions of Dickens's ' Dombey and Son' {q.v.).
See Captain Cuttle. (2) Cuttle is the name
of a character in L. S. Buckingham's ' Take
tliat Girl aAvay ' {q.v.).
Cutwell. A play performed by the Earl
of Warwick's Men at the Bell, in Grace-
church Street [London], in February, 1577.
Cycling". A comedietta in one act, by
Albert Chevalier {q.v.), first performed
at the Strand Theatre, London, on July 11,
1888, by C. S. Fawcett and Miss Alice
Atherton. See Bicycle.
Cydaria, in 'The Indian Emperor' ((7. t;.),
is the daughter of Montezuma.
Cyg-netta, in Edwards and Kenney's
' The Swan and Edgar' {q.v.).
Cylene. One of " the captives " in Gay's
drama so named {q.v.).
Cymbeline, The Tragedy of, by
William Shakespeare {q.v.), was first
printed in the Folio of 1623. It was cer-
tainly acted before September, 1611, because
that was the death-date of Dr. Simon
Forman {q.v.), the astrologer, who makes
mention of ' Cymbeline ' in his ' Book of
Plaies and Notes thereof.' The story of
Imogen and Posthumus was derived by
Shakespeare mainly from a widely circulated
tale which figures, in one of its forms, in
the ' Decameron ' (Day II.), and, in another
form, in ' Westward for Smelts ' (published
in 1620). From Holinshed's histories of
England and of Scotland he obtained the
historical background of the play. As to
CYMBELINE
CYMBELINE
the period at which ' Cymbeline ' was
written, we have no precise information.
See, on this point, the various theories of
Tieck, Coleridge, Charles Knight, C. M.
Inglebj-, and F. G. Fleay. An adaptation
of the play, made by T. d'Urfey (q.v.), and
entitled ' The Injured Princess ; or. The
Fatal Wager,' was performed at the Theatre
Royal in 1682. The names of some of the
characters were changed : Pisanio was
turned into a lord, and made the father of
Clarissa; the part of Guiderius was given
to Arviragus, and so forth. "This," says
Genest, "is a vile alteration, but still enough
of the original is retained to prevent the
play from being a bad one." This adapta-
tion was performed at Lincoln's Inn Fields
in January, 1720, under the title of ' Cymbe-
line ; or, The Fatal Wager,' with Leigh as
Cijiiibeline, Ryan ao TJrsaces [Postliumus],
C. Bullock as Shattilion [a Frenchman, who
takes the part of lachimo], Mrs. Bullock as
Eugenia [Imogen], Boheme as Pisanio, H.
Bullock as Cloten, and Mrs. Giffard as the
Queen; it was also represented at Covent
Garden in March, 1738, with Ryan as Cym-
beline, Delane as Ursaces, Walker as Shat-
tilion, Chapman as Cloten, Mrs. Templar as
Eugenia, and Mrs. Hallam as the Queen.
Genest records a performance of ' Cymbeline '
(promoted by T. Cibber) at the Haymarket
in November, 1744, but whether or no the
play was Shakespeare's is not known. A
siuiilar uncertainty attaches to the 'Cym-
beline' performed for Woodward's benefit
at Covent Garden on April 7, 1746, with
Ryan as Posthianus, Hale as lachimo,
Bridgewater as Pisanio, Mrs. Pritchard as
Imogen, and the beneficiaire as Guiderius.
The year 1755 saw the publication of an
adaptation of ' Cymbeline ' by one Charles
Marsh. In February, 1759, the management
of Covent Garden produced a version of
' Cymbeline ' made by William Hawkins
(Professor of Poetry at Oxford), in which
the adapter sought to reduce Shakespeare's
work to "the regularity of a modern tra-
gedy." ' ' The character of lachimo is totally
omitted, and the first part of that of Post-
humus. The Queen is spoken of as lately
dead. Cloten is made a serious character,"
and so forth (see Genest). In this pro-
duction the Imogen was Mrs. Vincent (Mrs.
Bellamy having declined the part), and
Ross was Posthumus. At Drury Lane in
November, 1761, Garrick produced Shake-
speare's play with alterations (consisting of
omissions, transpositions, and some few
words added)! which Genest pronounces
"most judicious." Garrick himself under-
took Posthumus, with Holland as lachimo,
King as Cloten, and Miss Bride as Imogen.
The piece was performed sixteen times.
'Cymbeline' was revived at Covent Garden
in December, 1767, with Powell as Posthu-
mus, Smith as lachimo, Yates as Cloten,
and Mrs Yates as Imogen ; and at Drury
Lane in December, 1770, with Reddish as
Posthumus, Palmer as lachimo, Dodd as
Cloten, and Mrs. Barry (followed by Mrs.
Baddeley) as Imogen. An adaptation of
'Cymbeline' by Henry Brooke (q.v.) was
published in 1778. Revivals of the play
took place at the Haymarket in August,
1782, with Bannister, jun., as Posthtiviut,
Edwin as Cloten, and Mrs. Baddeley aS'
Imogen; at Covent Garden in October, 1784,:
with Henderson as Posthumus, Wroughton
as lachimo, Quick as Cloten, and Miss'
Younge as Imogen ; at Drury Lane in No-
vember, 1785, with J. P. Keml)le as Posthu-
mus, Smith as lachimo, and Mrs. Jordan as.
Imogen; at the same theatre in January,
17S7, with Mrs. Siddons as Imogen ; and at
Covent Garden in May, 1800, with Holman
as Posthumus, Pope as lachimo, Betterton
as Cloten, and Mrs. Pope as Imogen. An
arrangement of 'Cymbeline' prepared by!
J. P. Kemble, in which Belarius, Guiderius,-
a.nd Arviragus figured on the bills as Morgan,',
Polydorc, and Cadwal, was performed ati
Covent Garden in January, 1806, with Cooke'
as Iachi)no, Farley as Cloten, and Miss'
Smith as Imogen; in June, 1812, with!
Young as lachimo, Charles Kemble as;
Polydore, and Mrs. H. Johnston as Imogen;'
and in May, 1816, with Terry as Morgan,'
Liston as Cloten, and Miss Stephens as
Imogen. Other revivals at Covent Garden
were those of March, 1817, with Booth a^i
Posthumus and Miss Costello as Imogen;
of June, 1818, with Macready as Posthumus
and Miss Booth as Imogen; and of June,'
1825, with C. Kemble as Posthumus and'
Miss Foote as Imogen. ' Cymbeline ' was
played at Drury Lane in February, 1S29,-
with Young as Posthumus, Cooper as!
lachimo, J. Vining as Guiderius, and Miss!
Phillips as Imogen. It was seen at Covent'
Garden in May, 1837, with Miss Helen
Faucit as Imogen; at the same theatre'
in September, 1S38, with Phelps as Posthn--
mus, VandenhofI as lachimo, G. Bennett as
Pisanio, Vining as Cloten, J. R. Anderson
as Arviragus, Elton as Guiderius, H. Howe
as Philario, Miss Faucit as Imogen, and
Miss P. Horton in a singing part ; at Drury
Lane in January, 1843, with J. R. Anderson
as Posthumus, Macready as lachimo, Miss
Faucit as Imogen, Phelps as Belarius,
Compton as Cloten, Ryder as Cymbeline;'
in the Enghsh provinces in 1846, with
Miss Helen Faucit as Imogen and G. V.
Brooke as Posthumus; at Sadler's Wells,'
London, in August, 1847, Mith Phelps as'
Posthumus, Marston as lachimo, G. Ben-_
nettSi,s, Belarius, Hoskins as Guiderius, Miss'
Laura Addison as Imogen; at the Maryle-;
bone Theatre, London, in 1849, with Mrs.'
Mowatt as Imogen, 'Da.\en-povt as Posthumus,
and G. Cooke as Belarius ; at Sadler's Wells'
Theatre in September, 1854, with Phelps
and Marston as before. Miss Cooper as
Imogen, Lewis Ball as Cloten, and F. Robin-
son as Arviragus ; at Sadler's Wells in Sep-
tember, 1857, with Mrs. H. Vezin as Imogen,
Rayner as Belarius, and Phelps, Marston,
Bail, and Robmson as before ; at Liverpool
in July, 1863, with G. V. Brooke as Post-
humus, Cowper as lachimo, and Miss Avonia
Jones as i7no<7e?i; at Drury Lane in October.i
1S64, with Miss Atkinson as the Queen.
Miss Faucit as Imogen, Phelps as Post-
humus, Creswick b.s lachimo, Alfred Raynei
CYMBELINE
367
CYNIC'S DEFEAT
as Cymbelinc, and Walter Lacy as Cloten
[see H. Morley's ' Journal of a London Play-
goer'] ; in ISIarch, 1S65, at the same theatre,
with Anderson as lachimo, Walter Mont-
gomery as Posthumus, H. Marston as
Belarms, E. Phelps as Pisaaio, and Miss
Faucit, Miss Atkinson, and W. Lacy as
before ; at Queen's Theatre, London, in
March, 1872, with G. Eignold as Posthumus,
J. Ryder as /acto/io, H. yinraton an Belarius,
Lewis Ball as Cloten, Miss H. Hodson as
Imogen, and Miss Huddart as the Queen
; [see Dutton Cook's ' Nights at the Play '] ;
at Drury Lane in 1876 ; at the Fifth Avenue
Theatre, New York, in May, 1877, with Miss
Adelaide Neilson as Imogen, Mrs. G. H.
Gilbert as the Queen, John Drew as Cloten,
Eben Plyrapton as Posthumus, C. Fisher as
Belarius, Joseph Haworth as Arciracjus,
J. B. Studley as lachimo, etc. ; in the
English provinces in 1877, with INIiss
Elise Maisey as Imogen; at Drury Lane
on December 3, 1878, with Miss Wallis as
Imogen, Edward Conipton as Posthumus, J.
'Ryder 3i6 lachimo, J. (J. Cowper as Belarius,
F. Barsby as Cloten, and Howard Russell
as Cymbeline ; at the Gaiety Theatre, Lon-
don, on the afternoon of March 28, 1883,
with Miss Wallis as Imogen, E. S. Willard
as lachimo, J. H. Barnes" as Posthumus, G.
Alexander as Guiderius, W. H. Stephens as
Belarius, C Groves as Cloten, Ben Greet as
Caius Lucius, and Miss Fanny Robertson
: as the Queen ; in the United States in
1888, with Mdme. Modjeska as Imogen ;
at St. George's Hall, London, on February
1, 1893, by members of the Irving A.D.C.,
with F. R. Buckley as lachimo and Miss
0. Kennett as Imogen ; at the Lyceum
Theatre, London, on September 22, 1S96,
with Henry Irving as lachimo, F.H. Macklin
as Cymbeline, N. Forbes as Cloten, Frank
Cooper as Posthumus, F. Robinson as Be-
\larius, Ben Webster as Guiderius, Gordon
\Cra,ig SiS Arviragus, Fuller Mellish as Phi-
\lano, H. Cooper-Cliff e as Caius Lucius,
I'Miss Genevieve Ward as the Queen, and
jMiss Ellen Terry as Imogen. ^Miss
i Faucit (Lady Martin) writes! "I have
heard the plot of ' Cymbeline ' severely
censured. The play certainly wants the
concentration which is essential for stage
representation, and which Shakespeare
himself would probably have given to it
had it been written after he had gained
that exquisite cunning in constructive skill
which is apparent in ' Macbeth,' ' Romeo
and Juliet,' ' Much Ado about Nothing,' and
some of his other plays. But the plot itself
is clear enough, and sufficiently full of sus-
tained interest to engage the attention of
the audience, and keep it in suspense to
the close. The play, in fact, is of only too
luxuriant groAvth, such as a little judicious
lopping removes without prejudice to it as
an acting drama. Its occasional difTuseness
is plainly caused by an extreme anxiety to
leave nothing obscure either in the action
or the characters. But the genius of the
great dramatist is apparent in the skill
with which the story of Imogen's trials is
interwoven with traditionary tales of the
ancient Britons and their relations to Rome,
which give to it the vivid interest of a grand
historical backgTound. The incident on
which the play hinges — the wager between
lachimo and Posi/nnuMS— seems to have been
taken from Boccaccio's story, simply because
it was familiar to the theatre-going public,
and because Shakespeare saw in it a great
opportunity for introducing characters and
incidents well fitted to develop, in a manner
' unattempted yet in prose or rhyme,' the
character of a noble, cultivated, loving
woman and wife at her best. The play
might indeed be fitly called ' Imogen,
Princess of Britain,' for it is upon her, her
trials and her triumph, that it turns."
Cymbia ; or, The Magric Thimble.
A comic opera in three acts, libretto by
Harry Paulton, music by Florian Pascal,
first performed at the Strand Theatre,
London, on March 24, 1883, with Mdlle.
Camille D'Arville in the title part, H.
Paulton as King Arthur, H. Walsham as
Carrow, and other parts by F. Gaillard, W.
G. Bedford, 0. A. White, etc.
Cymon. A " dramatic romance" in five
acts, founded by David Garrick {q.v.) on
Dryden's ' Cyraon and Iphigenia,' and first
performed at Drury Lane on January 2, 1767,
with Bensley as Merlin, Mrs. Baddeley as
Urganda, Vernon as Cymon, i^Irs. Arne as
Sylvia, Mrs. Abington as Fatima {Ur-
ganda't attendant). Parsons as Dorus (a
magistrate), King as Linco, and other
parts by Fawcett, Mrs. Bradshaw, etc.
Merlin is in love with Urganda, Urganda
with Cymon, and Cymon with Sylvia. Ur-
ganda shuts Sylvia up in a tower, from
which Merlin releases her. Sylvia and
Cymon then marry. The piece was revived
at Covent Garden in three (and afterwards
two) acts in 1815, with Duruset as Cymon,
Fawcett as Linco, Egerton as Merlin, Liston
as Dorus, Miss Stephens as Sylvia, Miss
Hughes as Urganda, and Mrs. Gibbs as
Fatima; and again, at the same theatre, in
1827, with Mdme. Vestris as Cymon, Farren
as Dorus, Miss Paton as Sylvia, Miss Goward
(Mrs. Keeley) as Dorcas, etc. The play next
appeared in the form of a "lyrical, comical
pastoral " in one act, altered from the text of
Garrick by J. R. Planche, and re-christened
' Cymon and Iphigenia.' This was first per-
formed, with tlie music by Michael Arne, at
the Lyceum Theatre, London, on April 1,
1850, with C. J. Mathews as April the First,
Miss Ranoe as Love, Miss Julia St. George
as Cymon, Harley as Dorus, R. Eoxby as'
Linco, F. Matthews as Dorcas, Mrs. Humby
as Fatima, jNIiss M. Oliver as Phoebe, and
Miss Manners as Iphigenia.
Cyraon and Iphigrenia. See Cymon.
Cynic (The). See Modern Faust.
Cynic, Sir Solomon, in ' My Grand-
father's \Viir(5.u.).
Cynic's Defeat (The); or. All is
Vanity. A comedietta by Alfred Thomp-
IsON, adapted from ' Le Revanche d'Iris,' and
first performed at the Prince of Wales's
CYNICK
S68
CYRIL'S SUCCESS
Theatre, Liverpool, August 19, 1S7S, with
Miss Ellen Terry as Iris and Charles Kelly
as Diogenes; produced at the Haymarket
Theatre on April 9, 1879, with Miss TeiTy
and C. Kelly in their original parts.
Cynick (The). A play so named -was
performed at Goodman Fields in 1731,
with Huddy as Diogenes, GifPard as Apelles,
Havard as Hephe'stion, Mrs. GifFard as
Campaspe, etc. Genest assumes this to
have been an adaptation of Lyly's 'Alex-
ander and Campaspe.' See Alexander
THE Great.
Cynisca. The "wife of Pygmalion in
Gilbert's 'Pygmalion and Galatea' (g.i\).
Cyntliia. (1) A character in the masque
in Beaumont and Fletcher's ' Maid's
Tragedy.' (2) A goddess in Jonson'S
' Cynthia's Revels ' (g.v.). (3) Daughter
of Sir Paul Pliant in Congreve'S ' Puuble
Dealer' iq.v.). (4) The heroine of BuCK-
STONE's ' Flowers of the Forest ' (q.v.).
Cynthia and Endymion; or, The
lioves of the Deities. A dramatic
opera, in rhyme and tive acts, by Thomas
D'Urfey, printed in 1697. " This piece was
designed to be acted at court before Queen
Mary II., and after her death was performed
at the Theatre Royal, where it met with
good success. The story is taken from
Ovid's 'Metamorphoses,' and 'Pysche,' in
Apuleius's 'Golden Ass.'" In this piece
Dogget acted Colin, a country fellow.
Cynthia's Lovers. A play by Charles
Barnard, Stamford, Connecticut, February
15, 1892; afterwards entitled 'Spooks.'
Cynthia's Revels ; or, The Foun-
tain of Self-Liove. A " comical satire "
by Ben Jonson (q.v.), acted in 1600, by the
children of Queen Elizabeth's chapel. " It
has little or no plot, and the persons of the
play are rather vice;? or passions personified
than characters copied from real life." In
the goddess Cynthia, Jonson's idea seems to
have been to compliment Elizabeth. Pro-
fessor Ward suggests that in Actceon and
JN'iobe the dramatist may have portrayed
Essex and Lady Arabella Stuart. In Crites
we may detect a "projection" of himself.
Nathan Field was in the original cast.
Cynthia's Revenge ; or, Moenan-
der's Ecstasy. A tragedy by John
SWALLOW, printed in 1613, and " one of the
longest dramatic pieces ever written." The
plot is from Lucan's ' Pharsalia ' and Ovid's
' Metamorphoses.'
Cypher, Dick, in PococK's ' Hit or
Miss' (q.v.), is an attorney by profession,
and a coachman by occupation.
Cyrano de Berg-erac. A play in five
acts, by Edmond Rostrand (Paris, Variet^s,
May, 1898), of which several English versions
have been performed :— (1) A translation
by Howard Thayer Kingsbury, first per-
formed at the Garden Theatre, New Y'ork,
on October 3, 1898, with Richard Mansfield
in the title part and Miss Margaret Anglin
asRoxane. (8) An adaptation by Augustin
Daly, first performed at the Chestnut Street
Opera House, Philadelphia, on October 3,
1898, with Miss Ada Rehan as Ro.zane,
Mrs. G. H. Gilbert as the Duenna, and C.
Richman as Cyrano. (3) A translation by
Howard M. Ticknor, first performed at
the Castle Square Theatre, Boston, U.S.A.,
October 24, 1898. (4) An adaptation, first
performed at the Third Avenue Theatre,
New York, October 31, 1898. (5) A trans-
lation by Stuart Ogilvie and Louis
Parker, first performed at Blackpool
on March 5, 1900, with Charles Wynd-
ham as Cyrano and Miss Mary Mo:re
as iJoo^ane; produced at Wyndham's Theatre,
London, April 19, 1900, with C. Wyndham
and Miss Moore in their original parts.—
An opera comique entitled ' Cyrano de
Bergerac,' written by Stuart Reed and
H. B. Smith, and composed by Victor
Herbert, was produced at the Academy of
Music, Montreal, on September 11, 1899,
and at the Knickerbocker Theatre, New
Y'ork, on September 18, 1899, with Francis
"Wilson in the title-part. — A burlesque of
Rostand's play, called ' Sir Andy de Boot-
jack,' written by Richard Carle, and com-
posed by A. E. Aarons, was introduced into
' In Gotham ' at Koster and Rial's Music
Hall, New York, October 17, 1898. Another
travesty, entitled ' Cyranose de Bric-k-Brac,'
written by H. B. Smith and Edgar Smith,
and composed by John Stromberg, was
produced at Weber and Field's Music Hall,
New York, November 3, 1898.
CjTTene. A "dramatic fancy" in three
acts, by Alfred C. Calmour, produced at
the Avenue Theatre, London, on the after-
noon of June 27, 1890, with a cast including
Miss Marion Terry, Henry Neville, and
Arthur Stirling.
Cyril's Success : an Everyday
Story. A comedy in five acts, by H. J.
BVRON (q.v.), first performed at the Globe
Theatre, London, on November 28, 1868, with
W. H. Vernon as Cyril Cuthbert, David
Fisher as Major Treherne, John Clarke as
Matthew Pincher, C. Warner as Viscount
Glycerine, Miss Maggie Brennan as the Hon.
Fred Titeboy, Miss Henrade as 3Irs. Cyril
Cuthbert, Miss Hughes as Mrs. Singleton
Bliss, and Mrs. Stephens as Miss Grannett ;
revived at the Globe Theatre on October 5,
1872, with H. J. Montagu as Cyril, Compton
as Pincher, Miss Rose Massey as the Hon.
Fred, Miss Carlotta Addison as Mrs. Cuth-
bert, and David Fisher and Miss Hughes as
before ; at the Imperial Theatre in April,
1877, with Miss ]\L Brennan as before, and
other parts by Miss Rose Egan, INIiss B.
Henri, C. Warner, F. H. Macklin, W. Bel-
ford, and J. Fawn ; at Toole's Theatre, on
January 17, 1880, with H. J. Byron as Pin-
cher, E. D. Ward as Cyril, J. Billington as
Treherne, fliiss Roland Phillips as Titeboy,
Miss Lilian Cavalier as Mrs. Cuthbert, Miss
EflSe Liston as Mrs. Bliss, and Miss Emily
Thome as Miss Grannett ; at the Criterion
Theatre on January 25, 1890, with Leonard
CYRUS
D'AVENANT
Boyne as Cyril, A. Elwood as Treherne,
D. James as Pincher, Miss Olga Brandon
as Mrs. Ciithbert, Miss Compton as Mrs.
Bliss, Miss h\ Frances as Titeboy, and Miss
E. Brunton as Miss Grannett.
Cyrus. A tragedy adapted by Hoole
'q.v.) from an opera by Metastasio. which,
in its turn, was based upon the first book
)f Herodotus. ' Cyrus ' was first performed
it Covent Garden on December 3, 176S,
.vith Powell as the hero (son of Cambyses
md Mandane), Smith as Cambyses, Bensley
,iS Mithranes, Clarke as Astyages (King of
tiedia), Hull as Harpagus, Mrs. Yates as
\[andane (daughter of Astyage>i), and Mrs.
Jattocks as Aspasia (daughter of Uar-
mgus).
Cyrus the Great ; or, The Tragredy
)f Love. A play by John Banks iq.v.),
lased probably on Mdlle. de Scudery's
amous romance, and performed at Lincoln's
nn Fields in 1696, with Betterton in the
title part. Smith as Cyaxares (King of
Media), Hudson as Abradatas (King of
Susa). Kynaston as Hystaxpex. Bowman as
Croesus (King of Lydia), Thurmond as
Artabasus, Mrs. Barry as Punthea, Mrs.
Bracegirdle as Lausaria, and Mrs. Bowtell
as Thomyris (Queen of Scythia).
Czar (The). (1) A comic opera in three
acts, by John O'Keefe iq.v.), performed at
Covent Garden in March, 1790. It was based
on the well-known fact that Peter the Great
had worked incognito in our dockyards, in
order to acquire a knowledge of shipbuild-
ing. It was afterwards reduced to the
dimensions of a farce, and performed under
the title of ' The Fugitive.' (2) An historical
tragedy in five acts, by Joseph Cradock,
printed in 1824.—' The Czar of Muscovy : '
a tragedy by Mrs. :Mary Pix iq.v.), acted at
Lincoln's Inn Fields, and printed in 1701.
It is founded on incidents in the life of Peter
the Great {q.v.). See Peter the Great.
D'Alroy, Hon. George. The hero of
OBERTSO.N's ' Caste ' iq.v.).
D'Ambois, Bussy. See BussY D'Am-
ois and REVENcii!; of Bcssv D'Ambois.
iD'Amville. The hero of Tourneur's
Atheist's Tragedy' {q.v.).
; D'Anka, Cornelie. Actress and vo-
LUst; made her London dAbut at the
'.lobe Theatre, April 22, 1871, as Prince of
oboli in ' Falsacappa ' (q.v.). See FiLLE
3 Madame Angot. ;
D'Arblay, Madame [Fai<ny Burney].
iscellaneous writer, born 1752, died 1840;
ithor of 'Edwin and Elgitha' (q.o.), a
igedy, procriicecI"arTTrury'Lane in 1795.
D'Arental, Count. The villainous
:ro of Planch^'S ' Day of Reckoning ' (q.v.).
D'Artagnan and the Three Muske-
ers. A drama in four acts, adapted by
iiAN Daly and John M. East from the
'hree Musketeers ' of Dumas, and first
rformed at the Lyric Theatre, Hammer-
lith, on November 7, 1898, with C. Glenney
JD'Artagnan, E. Leicester an Buckiyigham,
•s. Bennett as Anne of Austria, and Miss
Marlborough as Miladi. — D'Artagnan,
course, figures in all the dramatizations
' The Tlaree Musketeers ' (q.v.).
D'Arville, Camille. Actress and vo-
ist ; was the first representative of the
roine in ' Cymbia ' (Strand Theatre, Lon-
a, 18S3), Gabrielle in ' La Vie ' (Avenue
eatre, 1883), Katrine in 'Mynheer Jan'
omedy Theatre, 1887), II Capitano Mara-
■ ino in ' Frankenstein ' (Gaiety Theatre,
7), the heroine in 'Babette*' (Strand
'eatre, 1888) and in 'Carina' (Opera
'QQique, 1888). She was also in the cast
''Chilperic' at the Empire in 1884, and
played the heroine in 'Marjorie ' (Prince of
Wales's, 1890). ,
D'Aulnay. Husband of Clarice in
Gilbert's ' Comedy and Tragedy ' (q.v.).
D'Autreval, The Countess. A cha-
racter in ' Ladies' Battle ' (q.v.).
D'Avenant, Charles. Miscellaneous
writer, born 1656, tlied 1714 ; son of Sir
William D'Avenant (7. i>.); was for some time
inspector of plays ; and wrote, when nine-
teen, a tragedy called ' Circe,' published in
1677.
D'Avenant, Sir William. Drama-
tist, miscellaneous writer, and theatrical
manager ; born at Oxford, 1605, died 1668 ;
son of John D'Avenant, a vintner and mayor
of Oxford ; educated privately and at Lin-
coln College, Oxford ; began life as a mem-
ber of the household of the first Duchess of
Richmond, whence he passed into that of
Fulke.Greville, Lord Brooke. These appoint-
ments brought him into touch Avith the
Court, and led to many valuable friend-
ships. In 1629 he published his first play,
' Albovine, King of the Lombards ' (q.v').
In 1637 he was made Poet Laureate in suc-
cession to Ben Jonson, and, two years later,
director of the King and Queen''s Company
"at the Cockpit in Drury Lane." Taking
the side of King Charles in the contest
between Crown and Parliament, D'Avenant
had to fly to France, but, returning, he
engaged in active military service, for which
he was knighted at the siege of Gloucester
in 1643. Towards the end of the Common-
wealth, " having obtained the countenance
of persons of rank, he got permission,"
says the 'Biographia Dramatica,' "to open
a sort of theatre at Rutland House, in
Charter House Yard, where he began with
2 3
D'AVENANT
370
DACTYL
a representation which he called an Opera.
. . . This meeting with encouragement, he
still proceeded, till at length, growing bolder
by success, he wrote, and caused to be acted,
several regular plays." For admission to
these performances money was taken, and
to that extent they may be called public.
One of the pieces produced was D'Avenant's
own play, ' The Siege of Rhodes ' (1656), in
which Mrs. Coleman, the first English pro-
fessional actress [see Actresses], made her
appearance. In 1658 D'Avenant opened the
Cockpit. Two years afterwards (the Resto-
ration having intervened) D'Avenant ob-
tained a license to form a company of players
(called the Duke's, after its patron, the
Duke of York), and this, headed by Better-
ton, started operations at the theatre in
Salisbury Court. Thence, in 1662, it mi-
grated to a new playhouse in Lincoln's Inn
Fields, where, six years afterwards, D'Ave-
nant died, in lodgings which formed part of
the theatre. In addition to the two plays
above named, D'Avenant was the author of
the following, printed in the years stated : —
^ The Cruel Brother ' (1630), ' The Just
Italian' (1630), 'The Temple of Love,'
masque (1634), ' The Triumphs of the Prince
D' Amour ' (1635), ' The Platonic Lovers '
(1636), ' The Wits ' (1636), ' Britannia Trium-
phans,' masque (1637), 'Salmacida Spolia'
(1639), 'The Unfortunate Lovers' (1643), and
♦ Love and Honour ' (1649). At the Cockpit
he produced ' The Cruelty of the Spaniards
in Peru' (1658) and 'The History of Sir
Francis Drake ' (1659) ; at Lincoln's Inn
Fields, the first and second parts of ' The
Siege of Rhodes ' (elaborated from the first
sketch of 1656) (1663), ' Man's the Master '
(1669), and 'The Playhouse to Let' (q.v.).
Plays called 'The Fair Favourite' (1673),
' News from Plymouth ' (1673), ' The Siege '
(1673), 'The Distresses' (1673), and 'The
Colonel' (q.v.) are also ascribed to D'Ave-
nant, who was, further, guilty of some
adaptationsfrom Shakespeare— 'Lawagainst
Lovers,' 'The Tempest' (with Dryden),
and 'Macbeth,' all of which see, and of
one from ' The Two Noble Kinsmen '— ' The
Rivals ' (q.v.). The dramatic works of D'Ave-
nant were edited by Laing and Maidment,
-with a memoir, in 1872-4. See, also. Wood's
' Athenae Oxonienses,' Aubrey's ' Lives,'
Langbaine's ' Dramatic Poets,' Oldys'
Diary, INIalone's ' English Stage,' Genest's
' English Stage,' ' Biographia Dramatica.'
Sir Walter Scott records having perused
"a few pages of Will D'Avenant, who was
so fond of having it supposed that Shake-
speare intrigued with his mother. I think
the pretension can only be treated as
Phaeton was, according to Fielding's farce—
' Besides, by all the village boys I'm shamed :
Tou, the sun's son, you rascal? you be d— d.' "
"As a dramatist," says Professor Ward,
"D'Avenant may. In the earlier series of
his plays, be described as a limb of Fletcher,
whom he resembled in his audacious choice
of subjects, in his roving rather than soaring
flights of fancy, and in his love of warm
descriptive colouring. On occasion he re-
veals some traces of the tenderness and
even of the poetic feeling of his predecessor ;
but of the humour in which Fletcher
abounded D'Avenant seems to me to possess
little or nothing. . . . With all his short-
comings and excesses, D'Avenant must re-
tain in the annals of our drama the historical
position which he secured by his opportune
energy and resource — of forming the chief
connecting link between two periods of our
dramatic literature."
Dabble. A dentist in Cobb's 'Hu-
mourist' (q.v.).
Dabbs, Gr. H. R. Physician and dra-
matic writer ; author of the follo-vvino
plays :— ' Black Mail ' (1887), ' The Under
study ' (18S7), ' The Contractor ' (1887)
'Popsy' (1888), 'Her Own Witness' (1889)
' The Village Post-Office ' (1889), ' Our Pals
(1889), ' Punchinello ' (1890), ' The Jewels
(1893), ' The Blind Singer ' (1898), and, wit!
Edward Righton (q.v.), ' Our Angels ' (1891
[' Our Pals ' expanded] and ' Dante ' •
Daborne, Robert. Dean of Lismon
(1621) and dramatic writer, died 1628
author of 'A Christian turned Turk,'traged;,
(1612), and ' The Poor Man's Comfort,' tragi"
comedy (1655); also, of 'The Bellman o
London,' 'The Owl,' 'Machiavell and th'
Devil,' and, with Cyril Tourneur, ' Th
Arraignment of London ' (q.v.). He seem
to have collaborated with Field and Mas
singer.
Dabsey, Eliza, in Stephens andSOLC
MON's ' Billee Taylor ' (q.v.).
Dacre, Artbur. Actor ; real namt,
Culver- James ; died 1895 ; began life as
doctor. His first part seems to have beei
Captain Molyneux in ' The Shaughraun
played by him during the American ru
of the piece. In September, 1879, he a],
peared at the Court Theatre, Loudon, r
Gustave in a revival of 'Fernande.' Aftt.
that date he played in London the f ollowir-
original j>a,Yts :—lJick Capel in 'A Cleric;
Error ' (1879), Mr. Moltino in ' Courtshi]
(1879), Harold Kenyon in ' The Old Lov.
and the New' (1879), Armand Duval
'Heartsease' (1880), Guy Faucit in 'Tl^
Cynic' [see 'Modern Faust'] (1882), Viet
de Riel in ' Impulse ' (1882), Tom Potter
' The Silver Shield' (1885), James Ralston ,
'Jim the Penman' (1886), Noel Musgra
in ' Harvest ' (1886), Geoffrey Calvert in ' Ha-
Hit' (1887), Captain Maubert in ' Civil Wa'
(1887), Henri Vandelle in 'Esther Sandrs,
(1889), Dorian Cholmondeley in ' The Roj
Oak ' (1889), William Prescott in ' Man a ■
Woman ' (1893), Cap)tain Chandos in ' A L
of Pleasure' (1893). He was also seen
London as Ernest Vane in ' Masks a
Faces' (Haymarket, 1881), Camille Dnj^
din in 'The Double Marriage' (Prince
Wales', 1888), Beamish M'Coul in ' Arrah--,
Pogue ' (Princess's, 1891), etc. SeeRoSEL:
Amy.
Dactyl, Mr. A poet in Foote's :
tron ' (q.v.).
DAD
371
DALLAS
, Dad. A comedy in three acts, by F. A.
iScuDAMORE, Theatre Royal, Belfast, No-
Ivember 22, 1882.
! Daddy Gray. A drama in three acts,
by Andrew HallidayC^.v.), first performed
'at the New Royalty Theatre, London, on
February 1, 1868, with F. Dewar in the
title role, Miss Carlotta Addison as Jessie
Bell, iliss M. Oliver as Kitty Clatterby, E.
Danvers as Jinks, and Mrs. J. Rouse as
}[rs. Bell ; first performed in New York at
;he Fifth Avenue Theatre, December, 1869,
,vith E. L. Davenport as Gray, J. Lewis as
Jinks, Miss Agnes Ethel as Jessie, and Mrs.
Wilkins as Mrs. Bell.
Daddy Hardacre. A drama in two
^cts, adapted by J. Palgrave Simpson from
bayard and Duport's ' La Fille de L'Avare,'
|irst performed at the Olympic Theatre, Lon-
ion, on March 26, 1857, with F. Robson as
[)addy, Miss Hughes (Mrs. Gaston Murray)
,s his daughter, and G. Vining, Cooke, and
I'Irs. Stephens in other parts. The story is
;hat of an old miser who " loves his daughter
|nd his gold, and handles and hugs them
(.'ith equal atiection."
1 Daddy Long-legrs. A pantomime by
r. BowYER iq.v-), Britannia Theatre, London,
l)ecember 26, 1885.
[DaffodiL The "male coquette" in
jfARRiCK's play so named (q.v.).
Dag-g-er and the Cross (The). (1) A
rama in four acts, by Brownlow IIii.l,
recian Theatre, Lnndon, October 10, 1867.
5) A play in four acts, adapted by W. A.
REMAYNE from Joseph llatton's novel of
16 same title, and first performed at Tren-
m. New York, September 4, 1899, by
obert B. ]\Lantell and company — ' The
agger and the Rose,' by J. C. Dixon and
. J. Booth, has been performed in U.S.A.
Daggers Drawn. A comedietta by
!RYCE Seaton, Strand Theatre, London,
jinuary 9, 1892.
'Dag-gerwood, Sylvester. See Syl-
:STER Daggerwood.
Dagobert, King of the Franks. A
ay translated from the German of Babo,
d published in ISOO. (2) ' Dagobert : '
opera-bouffe in three acts, dialogue by
chard Sillman, songs by Frank Green,
d music by Herve, first performed at the
laring Cross Theatre, London, August 28,
>'5, with Edmund Rosenthal in the title
]ti{King of Gaul), E. J. Odell as Diamond
j/e, F, J. Stimson as Prince Clodomir, Miss
Feuillade as Hector (a page), Miss Bur-
le as Princess Fleur d'Aviour, Miss T.
vis as Queen Chlorinda, and Miss P.
verne as Cunegonde (a country lass).
Oahanna, Davy, in Middleton's
haste Maid in Cheapside' (^.v.), is a poor
'smanof ,Si> Walter.
Dainty, Lady. A hypochondriac in
RNaby's 'Reformed Wife' (q.v.) and
' JBER's ' Double Gallant' (q.v.).
DairoUes, Adrienne. Actress ; was
in the original cast of the following plays
(produced in London in the years named) :—
' Mirage ' (1888), ' Christina ' (1888), ' The
Dean's Daughter ' (1888), ' Calumnv ' (1889),
• The Inheritance' (1889), ' Your Wife' (1890),
' Dick Wilder ' (1891), ' The American ' (1891),
' The Grey Mare ' (1892), ' A Play in Little '
(1892), 'A Marriage of Convenience' (1897),
etc. She was also in the first London pro-
ductions of 'All the Comforts of Home'
(1891) and ' Marriage, 1892' (1892), and was
seen in the latter year as Hortense in a re-
vival of 'Jo' iq.v.).
"Daisies, smell-less, yet most
quaint."— 'The Two Noble Kinsmen'
(song).
Daisy. See Little Daisy.
Daisy. (1) A comedy in two acts, by E.
Manuel (q.v.), Britannia Theatre, London,
October 28, 1878. (2) A farcical comedy in
three acts, by B. T. Hughes, Kovalty
Theatre, Glasgow, July 23, 1883. (3) A
comedy-operetta written by F. (tRove
Palmer, composed by Henry J. Wood,
Kilburn Town Hall, London, May 1, 1890.
Daisy Farm. A drama in four acts,
by H. J. Bvron q. >:), first performed at the
Olympic Theatre, London, on May 1, 1871,
with a cast including the author, G. Belmore.
W. Blakeley, Charles Warner, J. Carter, E.
W. Ganlen, Miss .M. O'Berne. Miss Hughes,
and Mrs. W. H. Liston ; revived at the Gaiety
Theatre, London, in October, 1879.
Daisy Land. A play in three acts, by
H. Graham, Lecture Hall, Greenwich,
March 11, 1890.
Daisy, Princess. The heroine of
Burnand's 'White Fawn' (q.v.).
Daisy's Escape. A comedietta by A.
W. PiNERO (q.v.), first performed at the
Lyceum Theatre, London, on September 20,
1879, with the author, F. Cooper, and Miss
Alma Murray in the cast.
Dakolar. A play by Steele Mackaye,
produced at the Lyceum Theatre, New
York, April 6, 1885.
Dale, Felix. The nom de guerre under
which H. C. Merivale produced and printed
his ' He's a Lunatic ' (q.v.).
Dalgarno, Lord. A character in the
various adaptations of 'The Fortunes of
Nigel' (q.v.).
Dalilah. See Syren, The.
Dallas, J. J. Actor ; was in the original
cast of ' Fatinitza ' (Alhambra Theatre, 1878).
Between 1880 and 1883 he had parts in the
following Gaiety productions :— ' Colonel
Sellers,' ' Young Rip Van Winkle, ' The
Corsican Brothers Co.,' Reece's ' Forty
Thieves,' 'Bubbles,' Burnand's ' Whittington
and his Cat,' Reece's ' Aladdin ' and ' Little
Robin Hood,' and Burnand's ' Ariel.' He
was in the original casts of Reece and
Farnie's ' Kenilworth ' (1885), ' La Bear-
naise ' (1886), ' The Old Guard ' (1887),
DALLAS
372
DALY'S THEATRE
•Nadgy' (1888). He has also played in
London Folbach in ' Falka,' the Rajah in
' The Nautch Girl,' and Eoherts in ' The
Lady Slavey;' in the provinces, the title
part in ' The Vicar of Bray ' and Honeijcornb
in 'The Gay Parisienne.' He was in the
first American cast of 'Utopia Limited
He is part-author of 'The School Girl
(r/.t).) and ' The Wishing Well' (q.v.).
Dallas, Mrs. See Glyn, Isabel.
Dallas, Robert Charles. Dramatic
and miscellaneous writer, born 1754, died
1824 ; author of ' Lucretia,' a tragedy (1797),
' Not at Home,' an entertainment (1809), and
' Adrastus,' a tragedy (1823). His works
appeared in 1813, See 'Biographia Dra-
matica.'
Dalton, Charles. Actor; joined the
profession in 1883 ; was in the original casts
of ' Sister Mary ' (1886), ' Master and Man '
(1889), 'Jess' (1890), 'The English Rose'
(1890), 'The Trumpet Call' (1891), 'The
White Rose ' (1892), ' The Lights of Home '
(1892), 'The Lost Paradise' (1892), 'The
Derby Winner' (1894). He played the
Stranger in the English version of 'The
Lady from the Sea' (1891).
Dalton, John, D.D. See Comus.
Daly, Augustin. Theatrical manager
and dramatic writer, born Plymouth, North
Carolina, July, 1838 ; died June, 1899 ;
began his career in New York, in 1859, as
a journalist, atone time contributing criti-
cisms of music and drama to local news-
papers. His work as a theatrical manager
dates from August 16, 1869, wiien he opened
the first Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York,
■with T. W. Robertson's 'Play,' to wliich
he had himself made "additions." The
theatre was burnt down in 1873, but rebuilt
in the same year. In 1877 Daly retired
from its direction ; on September 17, 1879,
be opened Daly's Theatre on Broadway,
of which he remained manager till his
decease. For a short time he was also
manager of the Grand Opera House and
Olympic Theatre, New York. At Daly's he
gathered round him a "company of come-
dians " (headed by Miss Ada Rehan), with
which he paid visits to London in 1884
(Toole's Theatre), in 1886 (Strand Theatre),
in 1888 (Gaiety Theatre), and in 1890 (Lyceum
Theatre). In June, 1893, he became lessee
of Daly's Theatre, Leicester Square, Lon-
don. He was the author of the following
plays :— ' Under the GasUght ' (1866), ' The
Red Scarf (1868), 'A Flash of Lightning'
(1868), 'Divorce' (1871), 'Horizon' (1871),
'Madeline Morel' (1873), 'Pique' (1875),
' The Dark City ' (1877), and ' Tiote ' (1880).
The following is a list of his adaptations
of plays and novels:— 'Leah the Forsaken'
(1862), 'Lorlie's Wedding' (1864), 'Taming
a Butterfly' (with Frank Wood, 1865),
•Griffith Gaunt' (1866), 'Norwood' (with
J. W. Howard, jun., 1867), ' The Pickwick
Papers' (1S68), 'Frou-Frou' (1870), 'Man
and Wife ' (1870), ' No Name' (1871), ' Article
'47, (1872), ' Round the Clock ' (1872),
'Roughing It' (1872), 'Alixe' (1873), 'Fol-
line ' (1874), ' Monsieur Alphonse ' (1874),
'What Could She Do? or, Jealousy' (1874).
'The Big Bonanza' (1875), 'Come Here'
(1876), 'Life' (1876), 'Lemons' (1877), 'An
Arabian Night' (1879), 'The Way we Live'
(ISSO), 'Needles and Pins' (1880), 'Zamina'
(1881), ' Quits ' (1881), ' Royal Youth ' (1881),
' The Passing Regiment ' (1881), ' Odette '
(1882), ' Our Enghsh Friend ' (1882), 'Seven-
Twenty-Eight' ['Casting the Boomerang']
(1883), 'Dollars and Sense' (1883), 'Red-
Letter Nights' (1884), 'A Wooden Spoon"
(1884), ' Love on Crutches ' (1884), ' A Night
Off' (1885), 'Denise' (1885), 'A Sudden
Shower' (1886), 'Nancy and Co.' (1886),
•After Business Hours' (1886), 'Love in
Harness' (1886), 'The Railroad of Love'
(1887), ' The Lottery of Love ' (1888), ' An .
International Match' (1889), 'Samson and
Dalilah ' (1889), ' The Golden Widow ' (1889),
'The Great Unknown' (1889), 'The Last.
Word' (1890), 'The Prodigal Son' (1891),
'Love in Tandem' (1892), 'Little Miss
Million' (1892). Daly also adapted 'The
Relapse' (q.v.) under the name of 'Miss
Hoyden's Husband' (q-v.). Daly's chief.
Shakespeare revivals were as follows:—
' The Merry Wives of Windsor ' (1886), ' The
Taming of the Shrew' (1887), ' A Midsummer
Night's Dream' (1888), 'As You Like If
(1889), 'Love's Labours Lost' (1891), and
'Twelfth Night' (1893). His most notable
reproductions of "old English" comed\
■were- 'She Would and She Would Not
(1883), 'The Country Girl' (1884), 'The Re
cruiting Officer' (1885), 'The Inconstant
(1889), ' The School for Scandal ' (1891), anc
' The Belle's Stratagem ' (1893).
Daly, Dr. The vicar in Gilbert an(
Sullivan's ' Sorcerer' (q.v.).
Daly, Ellen. See Phillips, Fuede
RICK.
Daly, John [real name, Besemeres;
Dramatic writer ; author of the followin;
pieces :— ' Broken Toys ' (1850), ' Young Hu.'
bands ' (1852), ' The Times ' (1853), ' Old Salt
(1868), ' A Roving Commission ' (1869), 'D(,
theboys Hall' (1871), ' Marriage Lines' (187S,
' Forget and Forgive ' (1874). ,
Daly, Kyrle, the hero of Boucicault-
' Colleen Bawn' (q.v.), figures also in oth.
adaptations and burlesques of Griflin
story.
Daly, Mrs. See Barsanti, Miss.
Daly, Richard. Actor and theatric
manager, died 1813 ; educated at Trim:
College, Dublin ; received instruction in ac
ing from Macklin, and was seen at Cove'
Garden as Othello. After experience as
player in Cork and Dublin, he made
wealthy marriage, and in 1781 became less
and director of the Smock Alley Theatre
the last-named city. To this he afterwar
added the direction of the Crow Strt
Theatre and the Theatre Royal.
Daly's Theatre. See London Ti
ATRES and New York The.4.tres.
I
DAM
373
DANBY
Dam, Henry J. "W. Dramatic and
miscellaneous writer ; author of ' Diamond
Deane' (1891) and 'Prince Karatoff' ['The
Silver Shell'] (1892) ; also, of the libretti of
' The Shop Girl ' (189i) and ' The Coquette '
(1899). See KlXG of Fools, A.
Damas, Colonel, in Lytton's 'Lady
of Lyons' (q.v.).
Dame aux Camelias (Lia). A drama
in live acts, by A. Dumas ///*• (Vaudeville,
Paris, February 2, 1852), performed at the
Gaiety Theatre, London, June 11, 1881. An
English version of it was played at the
; Lyceum Theatre in July, 1858, with Mrs.
Charles Young (Mrs. Hermann Vezin) in the
title part. See Camille, Heartsease, Lady
OF THE Camelias, and Traviata, La.
Dame Blanche (La). See White
Lady, The.
Dame de Pique (La). See Queen of
Spades.
Dame de St. Tropez (La). A drama
in three acts, by James Barber, first per-
formed at the Olympic Tlieatre, London,
March 4, 1845, with Miss Davenport in the
title part {Hortense). See Isle OF St.
Tropez.
Dame Dobson; or. The Cunning-
,'Wom.an. A comedy by E. Kavenscroi't,
translated from ' La Divineresse ; ou, Les
faux Enchanteniens,' and acted at the
fDuke's Theatre (probably in 1G8.3), with Mrs.
JCorey as the Dame, and other parts by
iMountfort (IleartuwU), Kynaston, Leigh,
Lady Slingsby, r^Irs. Leigh, etc.
Dame Trot. A pantomime by G. H.
George, Oriental Theatre, London, Decem-
oer 24, 1870.
Dames de la Halle (Les) (Ambigu Co-
nique, Paris, 1852). See Chain of Events, A ;
iffQUNDLINGS, TlIE ; LOST HUSBAND, THR ;
ind Queen of the Market.
Damnation of Faust (The). A dra-
natic legend, in four acts and an epilogue ;
nusic by Hector Berlioz ; adapted to the
SngUsh stage by T. H. Friend, and per-
ormed at the Court Theatre, Liverpool,
'ebruary 3, 1804.
Damnation ; or. Hissing- Hot. An
iterlude by Charles Stuart, performed
t the Hay market Theatre in 1781.
Damocles, the Syi-acnsan, in Edward
Howard's ' Usurper' iq.v.), is intended for
Oliver Cromwell.
Damoiselle (The); or, The New
•rdinary. A comedy by Richard Brome
'■v.), printed in 1653.
Damoiselles a-la-mode (The). A
)medy by R. Flecknoe (g.v.), adapted
cm Moliere's ' Precieuses Ridicules,' ' Ecole
3s Femraes,' and ' Ecole des Maris ; ' printed
1667.
Damon and Phillida. See Love in a
lODLE.
Damon and Pythias. The chief cha-
racters in several dramatic pieces :— (1) A
' most excellent Comedie of two the moste
faithfullest Freendes Damon and Pythias
. . . showed before the Queenes Majestie
by the children of her Grace's chappel . . .
made by Maister Edwards, then beynge
maister of the children ; ' printed in 1571,
and included in Dodsley's ' Old Plays.' (2)
'Damon and Pythias:' a play by'HENRY
Chettle (q.v.), acted in 1599. " This was
probably an alteration of the foregoing
piece." (3) 'Damon and Pythias:' a play
by John Banim (g.v.), first performed at
Covent Garden on May 28, 1821, with Mac-
ready as Damon, C. Kemble as Pythias,
Abbot as Dionysius, Miss Dance as Calanthe
(in love with Pythias), Miss Foote as Her-
mion (wife to Damon), etc. " Dionysius con-
demns Damon to death. Pythias requests
Dionysius to set Damon at liberty for some
few hours, that he may go and see his wife
and child, who are in the country. Pythias
offers to remain in prison as a pledge for
Damon's return. Damon, but not by his
own fault, does not return till Pythias has
been brought to the scaffold. Dionysius
pardons Damon" (Genest). The play was
revived at Sadler's Wells Theatre in Decem-
ber, 1846, with Phelps as Damon, Creswick
as Pythias, and G. Bennett as Dionysius; at
Manchester in 1S47-8, with Harry Sullivan as
Damon; at the Marylebone Theatre in 1848 ;
at t lie Surrey Theatre in 1365, with J. Anderson
and J. Fernandez in the title parts ; of
late years, in the English provinces, with
Ednmnd Tearle as Damon and Edwin
Lever as Pythias. (4) A farce by J. B.
BucKSTONE iq.v.), first performed at the
Adelphi Theatre, London, cm December 19,
1831, with Hemmings and Yates in the title
parts, and other rdles by Buckstone and
Mrs. Fitzwilliam.
Damp Beds. A comedietta by Tom
Parry, Strand Theatre, London, May, 1832.
Dampier, Alfred. Actor and the-
atrical manager ; made his professional
debut at Stratford-on-Avon as the Player
King in ' Hamlet.' After much provincial
experience he went in 1873 to Australia,
with which he remained long connected as
player and entrepreneur, besides "starring"
in America, Canada, and England (notably
at the Surrey Theatre).
Dampit. A character in Middleton's
' Trick to Catch the Old One ' {q.v.).
Dan. The name of characters in COL-
MA.N's 'John Bull' iq.v.), 'The King of the
Merrows ' {q.v.), and Boucicault's ' Street!?
o' London ' {q.v.).
"Danae, in a brazen tower."—
Beaumont and Fletcher's ' Valentinian '
(song).
Danby, Charles. Actor, born 1S57;
made his London debut at the Strand The-
atre in September, 1887, as Captain Sneak
in ' The Sultan of Mocha ' {q.v.). He was in
the original casts of ' Ruy Bias, or the Blase
Roue • (1S89), ' Joan of Arc ' (1891), ' Morocco
I
DANCE
374
DANDY DICK WHITTINGTOX
Boimd' (1S93), 'King Kodak' (1S94), 'The
Lady Slavey ' (1894), 'Baron Golosh' (1895),
etc.
Dance, Charles. Dramatic writer,
born 1794, died 1863 ; son of an architect ;
held successive offices in the Insolvent
Debtors' Court, London. The following is a
list of his principal dramatic pieces, all of
■which see : — ' Advice Gratis,' ' Alive and
Merry,' 'The Bengal Tiger,' ' Beulah Spa,'
' Blue Beard,' ' Burlington Arcade,' ' The
Country Squire,' ' Delicate Ground,' ' A
Dream of the Future,' ' The Dustman's
Belle,' ' Izaak Walton,' ' Lucky Stars,'
' Marriage a Lottery,' ' A Match in the
Dark,' 'The Morning Call,' 'Naval Engage-
ments,' 'Olympic Revels,' 'The Paphian
Bower,' 'Petticoat Government,' 'Pleasant
Dreams,' 'Puss in Boots,' 'Sons and Sys-
tems,' 'The Stock Exchange,' ' Telemachus,'
' The Victor Vanquished,' ' The Water Party,
'AVho Speaks First?' and 'A Wonderful
Woman.'
Dance, George. Dramatic writer ;
author of 'Oliver Grumble' (1886). 'The
Barmaid' (1891), ' Ma Mie Rosette,' libretto
(1892), 'A Modern Don Quixote' (1893),
• The Lady Slavey ' (1893), ' The Gay Pari-
sienne ' (1894), ' Buttercup and Daisy ' (1895),
•Lord Tom Noddy' (1896), 'The New
Mephisto ' (1897), ' The Gay Grisette' (1898),
* A Chinese Honeymoon ' (1899), ' The Ladies'
Paradise,' ' The West End,' etc. ; also, co-
author, with F. Desprez, of 'The Nautch
Girl ' (1891).
Dance, James. Actor and playwright,
born 1722, died 1774 ; son of a surveyor and
architect ; educated at Merchant Taylors'
and Oxford ; assumed the name of "Love,"
and published in 1742 a play called ' Pamela '
(q.v.) ; also wrote pantomimes entitled ' The
AVitches' (1762), 'The Rites of Hecate'
(1764), and 'The Hermit' (1767), besides
publishing adaptations of ' Timon of Athens '
(J 768), ' Rule a Wife and Have a Wife,' and
'The City Madam' (1771). He was known
as an actor in Dublin and in Edinburgh,
where he was also a theatrical manager.
In 1762 he appeared at Drury Lane. Later,
he built a theatre at Richmond, Surrey.
Dancer, Jolin [temp. Charles II.], pub-
lished English translations of Corneille's
' Nicom<?de ' (1671) and Quinault's ' Agrippa,
King of Alba* (1675).
Dancer, Mrs. See Crawford, Mrs.
Ann.
Dancing- Barber (The). A farce in
one act, by Charles Selby (q.v.), first per-
formed at the Adelphi Theatre, London,
on January 8, 1838, with H. Beverley as
Aarcissics Fitzfrizzle.
Dancing- Girl (The). A play in four
acts, by Henry Arthur Jones, first per-
formed at the Haymarket Theatre on January
15, 1891, with Miss Julia Neilson in the title
part {Drusilla Ives), Miss B. Horlock as
Faith Ives, ]\Iiss Norreys as Sybil Crake,
Miss R. Leclercq as Lady Bawtry, H. Beer-
bohm Tree as the Duke o/Gtiisebury, F. Kerr
as Hon. Pceginald Slingshy, J. Fernandez
as David Ives, C. Allan as 3Ir. Crake, F.
Terry as John Christison, and other parts
by Mrs. E. H. Brooke, Miss IM. Ayrtoun,
R. Harwood, and C. Hudson ; played in the
English provinces in 1891, with' Miss K.
Vaughan as Drusilla, and in 1900 with Miss
W. Arthur- Jones in the title part ; first re-
presented in America at the Lyceum The-,
atre, New York, on August 31, 1891.
Dandelion's Dodges. A farce by T. J.
Williams (q.v.), first performed at New
Holborn Theatre, London, October 5, 1867.
Dandolo; or, The Last of the
Doges. A farce in one act, by Edward
Stirling, first performed at the City of
London Theatre, January 8, 1838, with Valt
in the title part (a professor of dancing).
Dandy Dan, the Lifeguardsman.
A musical comedy in two acts, written by
Basil Hood, composed by Walter Slaughter^
first performed at the Grand Opera House
Belfast, August 23, 1897 ; produced at th<
Lyric Theatre, London, December 4, 1897
with Arthur Roberts in the title part. Mis;'
Isa Bowman as Mary, and other parts b;:
Miss P. Broughton, W. H. Denny, etc.
Dandy Dick. A farce in three acts
by A. W. PiNERO (q.v), first performed a
the Court Theatre, London, on January 27
18S7, with John Clavton as the Very Rev. Av
gustin Jedd, D.D., Dean of St. Marvell's, A
Cecil as Blore (his butler), E. ^Maurice as Si
Tristram Mardon, F. KeiT as Major Tarver
H. Eversfield as Mr. Darbey, W. H. Denn,
as Xoah Topjnng (a policeman), W. Lugg a
Hatcham, Mrs. John Wood as Georgian'
Tidman, Miss Norreys as Sheba, Miss M,
Lewes as Salome, and Miss Laura Linden a^
Hannah Topping ; produced at Toole's Th(.
atre in September, 1887, cast as above, sav
that Alfred Bishop replaced Arthur Ceci'
and Miss Eva Wilson replaced Miss Norreys
played in the English provinces in 1887, wit
AV. F. Hawtrey as the Dean and Miss W
lUington as Georgiana ; performed at Daly
Theatre, New York, in October, 1887, wit
C. Fisher as the Dean, J. Lewis as Blor,
J. Drew as Major Tarver, O. Skinner f.
Lieut. Darby, G. Clarke as Sir Tristrav
Miss V. Dreher as Salome, Miss E. Shannc'
as Sheba, Miss St. Quentin as Hannah, an
Miss Rehan as Georgiana; played at Bosto;-
U.S.A., in January, 1888, with Miss Clarl'
as Georgiana and Miss Edessou as SheU .?4
revived at Wyndham's Theatre, London, ( Jtr^
February 8, 1900, with Edmund Maurice ai %
W. H. Denny in their original parts, Alfri
Bishop as the Dean, G. Giddens as Bloh
A. Vane Tempest as Tarver, Stanley Cool
as Darbey, Miss M. Hoffman as Salome, Mi
Grace Lane as Sheba, Miss Annie Hughes
Hannah, and Miss Violet Vanbrugh as M,
Tidman.
Dandy Dick Whittington. ^
opera-bouffe in two acts, written by G.
Sims, composed by Ivan Caryll, and fii
performed at the Avenue Theatre, Londc
J
DANDY FIFTH
875
DANIELA
on March 2, 1895, with Miss May Yohe as
Dick, J. F. Sheridan as Lady Fitzivarren,
James Barr as Captain Fairfax, R. Pate-
man as Koko Gaza, Miss Ethel Haydon as
Alice, etc.
Dandy Fifth. (The). A comic opera
in three acts, written by G. R. Sims, com-
posed by Clarence Corri, and first performed
at the Prince of Wales's Theatre, Birming-
ham, April 11, 1898 ; produced at the Duke
of York's Theatre, London, August 16, 1898,
with Scott Russell as Dick Darville, Miss
Ruth Davenport as Kate, and other parts by
H. Cole, E. Lewis, C. M. York, etc.
Dane's Dyke. A drama in three acts,
adapted by Mrs. Augustis Bright from
hernovel ' Unto the Third and Fourth Gene-
rations,' and first performed at Sheffield on
August 22, 1881.
Danger. (1) A drama in four acts, by
Alfred Rayneii (q.v.), produced at the
Standard Theatre. London, on November 7,
1868. (2) A comely-drama in three acts,
by Alfred Davis, produced at the Theatre
.Royal, Leeds, on September 19, 1873. (3)
A drama in three acts, l)y Horxcastle and
Ogilvie, Surrey Theatre, London, October
23, 1879.
Dang-er Lig-hts. A play by Sutton
Vane (<j.v.).
Dang-er Signal (The). (1) A drama in
'our acts, by E. Bryant, Pavilion Theatre,
London, October 5, 1867. (2) A play by H.
J. de Mille, performed in U.S.A.
Dangerfield '95. A play in one act,
jy Mildred T. Dowling, Garrick Theatre,
'-iOndon, May 26, 1S9S.
Dangerous. A comedy-drama in three
cts, by Charles Osborne (q.v.), Lyceum
rtieatre, Sunderland, Septemuer 22, 1873.
Dangerous Friend (A). A comedy,
dapted from Feuillet's 'LaTentation' (q.v.)
•y John OxENFORoO^.i'.Xand tirst performed
-t the Haymarket in October, 1860, with
V. J. and Mrs. 3Iathews, H. Howe, and W.
I. Kendal in the cast. See Led Astray.
Dangerous G-ame (A). A drama, in
rologue and three acts, by Sir R.ojdal
lOBERTS, Grand Theatre, London, April 6,
885.
Dangerous Maid (A). A musical
lay in three acts, adapted bv Sydney
lOSENFELD from Heisse's 'Blut,' with
msic by Leopold Schenck and Fred. J.
lustis; Casino Theatre, New York, No-
ember 12, 1898.
Dangerous Ruffian (A). A comedy
1 one act, by \V. D. Howells, Avenue
heatre, London, November 30, 1895.
Dangerous Women. A drama in
•ur acts, by F. A. Scudamore, Brixton
heatre, London, August 1, 1898.
Dangers of London (The). A drama
four acts, by F. A. Scudamore, first per-
imed at CardiflE, June 9, 1890 ; produced
U
at the Surrey Theatre, London, June 23,
1890. (2) ' Dangers of a Great Citv : ' a
play by A. Kennedy, performed in U.S.A.
Dangle, in Sheridan's ' Critic ' (q.v.),
is " a theatrical quidnunc, a mock Mecajnas
to second-hand authors."
Daniel. A drama in seven parts, by
Hannah More, pubhshed in 1782. "The
subject is Daniel in the den of lions."
Daniel, George. Dramatic and mis-
cellaneous AVTiter, born 1789, died 1864 ; was
the author of ' Doctor Bolus,' a burlesque
(1818), 'The Disagreeable Surprise,' farce
(1819), and ' Sworn at Highgate,' farce (1833) ;
also, of 'Ophelia Keen, a dramatic legen-
dary tale ' (1829), said to have been based
on an incident in Edmund Keau's private
life. Between 1823 and 1831 he edited
' Cumberland's British Theatre,' a collec-
tion of plays for each of which he wrote an
historical and critical preface. In 1831-2
he did the same office for a supplementary
series called ' Cumberland's Minor Theatre.'
These two series were subsequently re-
published in sixty-four volumes (1838 and
after). Daniel also assisted in the produc-
tion of T. H. Lacy's 'Acting Edition of
Plays' and of Davison's 'Actable Drama.'
See ' Dictionary of JSational Biography.'
Daniel O'Connell. (1) A drama in
three acts, by John Levy, Theatre Royal
Worcester, June 21, 1880. (2) A drama bv
F. Robertson, Queen's Theatre, Dublin
August 14, 1882.
Daniel Rochat. A drama by Victoriex
Sardou, performed in English at the Union
Square Tlieatre, New York, in 1880-81, with
C. R. Thorne, jun., and Miss Sara Jewett
in the leailing rolts ; played at Washington
with Miss Eleanor Calhoun as Leah Ilender-
soa. See Roma.
Daniel, Samuel. Poet and dramatist,
born 1562, died 1619 ; son of a music teacher ;
educated at Oxford ; was tutor to William'
Herbert, afterwards Earl of Pembroke.
Between 1603 and 1614 four masques of his
were performed at Court, and he received
in 1607 from Queen Anne, wife of James I.,
a place in her household, which he resigned
in favour of life as a farmer in Somerset-
shire, his native county. His dramatic
works include ' Cleopatra,' a tragedv (1593),
'The Vision of the Twelve Godde'sses,' a
masque (1604), ' Philotas,' a tragedv (1605).
' The Queen's Arcadia,' a pastoral tragi-
comedy (1605), ' Tethvs' Festival,' an inter-
lude (1610), and ' Hymen's Triumphs,' a
pastoral tragi-comedy (1615). An edition
of his "whole Works" appeared in 1623;
they were edited, with a biographical and
critical introduction, by Dr. Grosart, in
1883-96. See, also, Langbaine's ' Dramatic
Poets,' Fullers ' Worthies,' Wood's ' Athense
Oxonienses,' Ritson's ' Bibliographia
Poetica,' Collier's 'Dramatic Poetrv,' Fleay's
'English Drama,' and W^ard's '' English
Dramatic Literature.'
Daniela. A play adapted by W. voN
DAXISCHEFFS
376
DARBY AND JOAN
Sachs and E. Hamilton Bell from the
German, and produced at the Union Square
Theatre, New York, in December, 1886, with
Mdme. Modjeska as the heroine.
Danischeffs (The). A play in four acts,
adapted by Lord Xewry from ' Les Dani-
scheffs ' of MM. Newsky and Dumas (1876),
and first performed at the St. James's The-
atre, London, on January 6, 1877, with Miss
Fanny Addison as the Countess Danischef,
Miss Lydia Foote as Anna, Mrs. John Wood
as the Princess Lydia, C. Warneras Vladimir,
J. Clayton as Osip ; afterwards produced
at the Court with H. B. Conway as
Vladimir, A. Cecil as Roger de Talde, H.
Kemble as Zakaroff, W. H. Brougham as
Father Andre, J. Clayton as Osip, Miss L.
Moodie as the Countess, Miss Carlotta Addi-
son as Princess Lydia, Miss Marion Terry
as Anna; produced at the Union Square
Theatre, New York, with a cast including
Miss Sara Jewett and C. R. Thorne, jun.
Danites (The). A drama in five acts,
by Joaquin Miller, performed at the Grand
Opera, New. York, in 1878, with M'Kee
Rankin and his wife in the principal parts ;
first performed in England at Sadler's Wells
Theatre, London, on April 26, 1880, vnth
M'Kee Rankin as Sandy M'Gee, W. E.
Sheridan as Charles Godfrey, G. B. Waldron
as Hezekiah Carter, Mrs. Rankin as Nancy
Williams, and Miss Cora Tanner as Htilda
Brown.
Dan'l Bartlett. A play rechristened
in 1892 ' The Deputy Sheriff,' and played in
London (Elephant and Castle Theatre, Octo-
ber 17) and the English provinces
Dan'l Druce, Blacksmitli. A plav
by'W, S. Gilbert (q.v.), first performed at the
Haymarket Theatre, London, on September
11, 1876, with H. Vezin in the title part,
Johnston Forbes-Robertson as GeofreyWyn-
yard. Miss Marion Terry as Dorothy, E. J.
Odell as Reuben Haines, H. Howe as Sir
Jasper Combe, Braid as Marple, Weathersby
as Ripley, etc. ; performed in the English
provinces in 1876, with ]Miss Florence Terry
as Dorothy ; plaj'ed at Booth's Theatre, New
York, in January, 1877, with Laurence Bar-
rett in the title part and Miss Minnie
Palmer as Dorothy ; performed in the Eng-
lish provinces in ISSO, Avith Miss Clara
Laidlaw as Dorothy ; revived at the Court
Theatre, London, in 1884, with H. Vezin as
before. Miss Fortescue as Dorothy, John
Clayton as Sir Jasper, W. Mackintosh as
Haines, C. Hawtrey as Geoffrey, E. Maurice
as Marple, etc. ; revived at the Prince of
Wales's Theatre, London, on the afternoon
of February 20, 1894, with William Mollison
as Dan'l, W. Rignold as .S'?> Jasper, S. Valen-
tine as Haines, Fuller Mellish as Geoffrey,
J. Cross as Marple, Miss Nancy Mackin-
tosh as Dorothy, etc. See Dan'l Tra-
duced.
Dan'l Tra-Duced, Tinker. A bur-
lesque by Arthur Clements of ' Dan'l
Druce, Blacksmith ' (q.v.), first performed at
the Strand Theatre, London, on November
27, 1876, with J. G. Taylor as Dan'l, Miss
Lottie Venue as Dolly, C. D. Marius as
Geoffrey, H. Cox as Rude-in- Paynes, and
W. S. Penley as Sir Ivory Comb.
Dante. An " idyll " by G. H. R. Dabbs
and Edward Righton, first performed at
St. George's Hall, London, July 10, 1893,
with H. Vezin as Dante, Miss Laura John-
son as the Spirit of Beatrice, etc. (2) A
play in a prologue and four acts, rendered
into English by Laurence Irving from the
French of Victorien Sardou and Emile
Moreau ; Lyceum Theatre, London, April
30, 1903, with Henry Irving as Dante, Miss
Lena Ashwell as Pia del Tolomei a,nd Gemma
(her daughter), :Miss Wallis as the Abbess,
Mdme. Lilian Eldee as Francesca da Rimini,
Miss Nora Lancaster as the Spirit of
Beatrice, W. Mollison as Cardinal Colonna,
etc. (3) A play in four acts, by Alfred C.
Calmour, Queen's Theatre, Manchester,
June 15, 1903, with H. Cooper-CUffe as
Dante, and Mdme. L. Eldee as Beatrice;
Coronet Theatre, London, September, 1903.
Dantes, Edmond. The hero of the
various adaptations of ' Monte Cristo ' (q.v).
Danvers, Edwin. Actor; wastheori^-
nal representative of the following(andother)
characters: — The Goat in Byron's 'Esme-
ralda' (1861), Scampa in W. Brough's
'Ernani ' (1865), Dame Hatley in Burnand's
' Black-Ey'd Susan ' (1866), Devihhoof in
Gilbert's 'Merry Zingara' (1868), Nurse.
Margery in Burnand's ' Beast and the'
Beauty' (1869), and Von Schlachemtein ini
Gilbert's ' Gentleman in Black ' (lb70).
Danvers, H. Dramatic writer ; authoi'
of ' A Conjugal Lesson' (g.i'.) and ' A Fasci-:
nating Individual' (q.v.).
Daphne. A play by Margueriti
Merington, performed in the United States'
Daphne and Amintor. See Oracle.
The.
Daphne, in O'Hara's 'Midas' (q.v.y
figures as the favourite of Pol (or Apollo]'
(8) In Gilbert's ' Pygmalion and Galatea,
Daphne is the wife oi" Chrysos (q.v.).
Daphnis. A character in Beaumon:.'
and Fletcher's ' Faithful Shepherdess
(q.i:).
Dapper. (1) A lawyer's clerk in Jo>;
SON'S ' Alchemist ' (q.v.). (2) A stockbrokei
in Murphy's ' Citizen' (q.v.).— Sir Davy a.n
Jack Dapper are father and son in MIDDLE'
TON'S ' Roaring Girl' (q.v.).
Dapperwit. (1) A "brisk, conceite
fellow " in Wycherley's
(q.v.). (2) A character
' Rape of the Lock ' (g.r.).
Daran. A character
'Exile' (q.v.).
Darby and Joan. A duologue I
Henry Bellingham and William Bes
Terry's Theatre, London, February 1
I
Love in a Woor
in Oxenford
Reynolds
is
5;
ii:
DARBY
377
DARLEY
Darby. A character in O'Keefe'S
* Poor Soldier ' (q.v.).
Darby, Mary. See Robinson, Mrs.
Dard. A character in Charles Reade's
« Double Marriage '(g.u.) and CyrilTurner'S
MVhite Lies' (q.v.).
Dare-devil (The). A drama in four
acts, by Arthur Shirley and Herbertt
Leonard, performed ("for copyright pur-
poses") at the Prince's, Portsmouth, Oc-
tober 19, 1S94.
See Queen's
Dare-devil Dick-
Horse, The.
Dare-devil Max. A melodrama in
four acts, by W. A. Brabner, Theatre
Metropole, London, December 11, 1899, with
Murray Carson in the title part.
Daring- Dick, the Detective. A
?lay by J. J. M'Closkey, performed at New
'ork in 1870.
Darius. King of Persia, and the hero
of the following dramatic works : — (1) ' A
Pretie new Enterlude, both pithie and plea-
saunt, of the .Story of Kyng Daryus, being
taken out of the thyrd and fourth Chapter
of the thyrd Booke of Esdras,' and printed
in 1,^0.5. (2) 'Darius:' a tragedy by Sir
William Alexander, Earl of Stirling (7. v.),
printed in 1603, and described by the author
as "the first essay of my rude and unskilfull
Muse in a tragicall poem." (3) ' Darius,
King of Persia : ' a tragedy by J. CRO^v^E
iq.v.), acted by "their majesties servants"
at the Theatre Royal in 1688. For the plot,
8ee Genest.
Dark City (The). A play in five acts,
by Augustin Daly, founded "remotely"
on ' Les Compagnons de la Truelle,' and
first performed in New York, September 4,
1877, with a cast including yi. Barrymore,
C. Fisher, J. B. Studley, J. Lewis, W.
Davidge, J. Drew, Miss A. Dyas, Miss E.
Eigl, Mrs. Gilbert, etc.
Dark Cloud (The). A play by Arthur
Sketch LEY (7. v.), tirst performed on January
3, 1863, at the St. James's Theatre, London,
with Arthur Stirling as Philip Austin.
Dark Continent (The). A drama in
five acts, by Frederick Mouillot and
H. H. MORELL, tirst performed at Barnsley
in June, 1891 ; produced at the Grand
Theatre, Islington, on October 10, 1892 ; first
oerformed in America at San Francisco in
May, 1893 ; also, as ' The Heart of Africa '
it Kansas City (November, 1893).
Dark Days. A drama in five acts,
-dapted by J. Comyns Carr {q.v.) from F.
•'argus's romance of the same name, and
irst performed at the Havmarket Theatre
n September 26, 1885, with M. Barrymore
s Basil North, II. Beerbohm Tree as Sir
lervyn Ferrand, Miss Lingard as Philippa
'Ctjarge, and R. Pateman', C. Sugden, Miss
.ydiaFoote, and Miss Helen Forsyth in other
arts ; played in the English provinces with
Miss Florence West (Phillj^pa), Lewis Waller
Louis Calvert, etc., in the cast.
Dark Days in a Cupboard. A
comedietta by Stirling Coyne (q.v.),
Adelphi Theatre, London, December 29*
1864.
Dark Deeds. A drama in four acts,
adapted from Miss Braddon's novel, 'The
Trail of the Serpent,' by May Holt (Mrs.
Fairbairn) ; first performed at Belfast, under
the title of ' Jabez North ; ' and produced
as ' Dark Deeds ' at the Philharmonic
Theatre, London, on March 11, 1882.
Dark Glen of BallyfoiU (The). A
play by Edward Stirling (q.v.).
Dark Nigrht's Bridal (A). A poetical
comedy in one act, founded by Robert
Buchanan on a prose sketch by R. L.
Stevenson, and first performed at the Yaude-
ville Tlieatre, London, April 9, 1887, with
Fuller Mellish and Miss K. Rorke as hero
and heroine.
Dark Nig-ht's Work (A). (1) A drama
in three acts, adapted by Dion Boucicault
(q.v.) from Scribe's 'Giralda' (q.r.), and first
performed at the Princess's Theatre, London,
on March 7, 1870, with Herbert Standing as
Manuel, W. Rignold as the Kinp of Spain,
Miss Emma Barnett as the Queen, Miss
Rose Leclercq as Paquita, etc. (2) A play
by H. N. AYrigiit.
Dark Past (The). A melodrama in
four acts, by Frank Price, Theatre Royal,
Barnsley, October 23, 1890.
Dark Secret (A). A drama, in a pro-
logue and four acts, founded on Sheridan le
Fanu's story, ' Uncle Silas,' by John Doug-
lass and .Tames Willing, jun., and first
performed at the Standard Theatre, London,
on October 28, 1S86 ; produced in U S.A. in
1887 ; revived at the Princess's Theatre,
November, 1895. See Uncle Silas.
Dark Side of the G-reat Metropolis
(The). A drama in three acts, by \V.
Travers (q.v.), Britannia Theatre, London,
May 11, 1868. See Darkest London.
Darkest London. A drama in five
acts, by Butler Stanhope, Birkenhead,
April 4, 1891. See Dark Side of the Great
Metropolis.
Darkest Bussia. See Red Double.
Darkness Visible. A farce in two
acts, by Theodore Hook, first performed
at the Haymarket on September 23, 1811.
Darley, Georg-e. Poet and prose-
writer, born in Dublin, 1795, died 1846;
author of three dramatic poems — ' Sylvia ;
or, The May Queen' (1829), 'Thomas ii
Becket ' (1840), and ' Ethelstan, King of
Wessex' (1841); author, also, of criticisms
of the drama and the stage in the ' London
Magazine' and 'Athenaeum.' He super-
vised an edition of the plays of Beaumont
and Fletcher (1840), for wliich he wrote a
DARLING
378 DAUGHTER OF THE REVOLUTION
critical introduction. See the memoir by
J. H. Ingram prefixed to the 1892 edition
of 'Sylvia.'
Darling-, Grace. See Grace Darling
and Wreck at Sea.
Darlingrton's Widows. See My
Mother.
Darnay, Charles, figures in all the
dramatizations of ' A Tale of Two Cities '
iq.v.).
Darnley, J. H. Actor and playwright ;
made his debut in the former capacity at
Liverpool in 1879. His first appearance in
London was at Astley's in 1880, as Beauiish
in 'Arrah-na-Pogue.' He was the original
representative of Ca-ptaiii Salem in ' The
Bells of Haslemere ' {q.v.) and Arthtir Max-
well in 'The Barrister' (q.v.). He has
written the following dramatic pieces:—
'Wanted, a Wife' (1890), 'The Solicitor'
(1890), ' Mrs. Dexter ' (1891), ' Facing the
Music' (1899), 'Oh! Society' (1900); also,
with George Manville Fenn (q.v.), 'The
Barrister' (1SS7), 'The Balloon' (l&sS), and
' A Wife's Devotion ' (1889), and, with H.
Bruce, ' Shadows on the Blind ' (1897) and
' On Guy Fawkes Day ' (1897).
Darnley, Lord, figures in T. E. Wilks'
'Lord Darnley' (q.v.), in 'Mary Queen of
Scots' iq.v.), etc. There is also a Lord
Darnley in ' The Field of the Cloth of Gold '
(q.v.).
Darnley, The House of. See House
OF Darnley, The.
Darnley; or, The Keep on the
Castle Hill. A drama in two acts, by
T. Egerton Wilks (q.v.).
Dartle, Rosa, figures in various adap-
tations of 'David Copperfield' (q.v.).
Dartmoor. See Dick Venables.
Darville, George. See George Dar-
VILLE.
Daryl, Sidney. The hero of Robert-
son's ' Society ' (q.v.).
Dash (The) ; or, Who but He ? A
musical farce in two acts, words by Francis
Lathom, music by Reeve, performed at
Drury Lane on October 20, 1804.
Dash, Captain. A character in the
farce ' At Hume ' (^.r.). (2) Scd Vash is a
character in Macready'S 'Bank-Note '(g. v.).
Dash for Freedom. (A). A drama in
five acts, by George Roy, Olympic Theatre,
London, November 29, ISSI.
Dashaway, Charlotte. Ward of
Lord Bromville in T. Hook's ' Soldier's Re-
turn' (q.v.).
Dashington, Mrs. See Belles with-
out Beaux.
Dashwell. One of the husbands in
Ravenscroft'S ' London Cuckolds' (q.v.).
Da'shwould, in INIurphy's ' Know your
own Mind' (q.v.), was intended for Foote.
Daubigny, Delacour. The nam de
guerre used by G. R. Sims in connection with
' The Girl I left Behind Me' (q.v.).
Daughter (The). (1) A play in five
acts, by Sheridan Knowles, performed at
Drury Lane in 1836, with Miss Huddart in
the title part (Marian), the author as her
father, and other roles by Cooper, Warde,
Diddear, Brindal, etc. (2) A drama in one
act, by Thomas HAYNESBAYLY(r/.L-.),foundefl
on 'La Lectrice' of Scribe, and performed
in 1836, with Mrs. Hooper, Frank Matthews,
James Vining, and Keeley (F itzf addle).
Daughter-in-Law, My. See My
Daughter-in-Law.
Daughter of Eve (A). A drama in
three acts, by Paul Meritt (q.v.), first per-'
formed at the Prince of W^ales's Theatre,:
Birmingham, in July 30, 1877. See Daugh-'
TERS OF Eve.
Daughter of France (A). See Roll
OF THE Drum.
Daughter of Ireland (A). A play
performed at the Standard Theatre, New •
York, in October, 1886, with R. C. Hilliard
and Miss G, Cay van in leading parts.
Daughter of Ishmael (A). See
Living Dead, The.
Daughter of the Danube (The).
An extravaganza by W". R. Osman, Holborn
Theatre, London, March 3, 1873.
Daughter of the Nile (The). A pla\
by Laura Don (gy.); produced in 1887 a?'
' Egypt,' with Miss Ettie Ellsler in the chief
role. ;
Daughter of the People (The), i^.
drama in five acts, adapted by FranKi
Harvey from the French, and first per-i
formed at South Shields, February 16, 1891
produced at the Grand Theatre, Islington.^
June 29, 1891.
Daughter of the Regiment (The)
(1) A drama in two acts, adapted by Ed
WARD FiTZBALL (q.v.) from the libretto o'
' La Fille du Regiment,' and performed a ■
Drury Lane Theatre, May 28, 1844, witl'
Mrs. Stirling in the title part (Madelaine)-
(2) Donizetti's opera was produced, Mitl
an English libretto by Fitzball, at th.
Surrey Theatre on December 21, 1847. (3
The opera was produced, with an Englis!'
libretto by Oscar Weil, at the Prince':
Theatre, Bristol, on October 13, 1830. Se.'
Josephine. ;
Daughter of the Revolution (The)
A comic opera, words by J. Cheeve]
Goodwin and music by Ludwig Englandei
first presented under this title at Broad
way Theatre, New York, on May 27, lS9f
with Miss Camille D'Arville as the heroine
L. Hallam Mostyn as General Grumm, am
Miss Sidney Worth as the general's wife
" George Washineton is a subordinate figur'
in the piece " The original work was firs
performed in 1S76, the book being by Lei
Goldmark.
DAUGHTER OF THE STARS
379
DAVENPORT
Daughter of the Stars (The). A
drama in two acts, by Shirley Brooks
{q.v.\ first performed at the Strand Theatre,
London, on August 5, 1850.
Daughter of the Tumbrils (The).
4 plav in one act, by Walter E. Grogan,
West "Theatre, Albert HaU, May 17, 1897.
Daug-hter to Marry (A). A one-act
comedy by J. R. Pla.nche (q.v.), performed
at the Haymarket Theatre in 1828, Avith
Vining as Vivid, and Mrs. Waylett as Mary ;
revived at the Olympic Theatre in 1832-3.
Daughter's Honour (A). A domestic
drama in four acts, by Benjamin Landeck
and Arthur Shirley, Surrey Theatre,
London, December 17, 1894.
Daughter's Secret (A). A drama in
two acts, by Ge()ju;e Peel, Britannia
Theatre, Loudon, February 26, 1874,
Daughter's Trial (A). See Henry
Dunbar.
Daughters. A farcical comedy in three
acts, by T. G. Warren {q.v.) and Willie
Edguin {q.v.), Theatre Royal, Portsmouth,
June 30, 1890.
Daughters of Babylon (The). A
play in four acts, by Wilson Barrett,
produced at the Lyric Theatre, London,
February 6, 1897, -with the author as L>niiucl,
Vliss M. Jeffries as Ulna, F. McLeay as
Jediah, Ambrose Manning as Alorus, Miss
Lily Hanbury as Jilcia, and other parts by
Vliss D. Belmore, Miss C. Collier, A. Bry-
lone, E. Irwin, etc.
Daughters of Eve (The). A play by
i. E. Lancaster and J. Magnus, performed
n the United States. See Daughter of
iVE, A.
Daughters of the Poor. A comedy-
'.rama in four acts, by Scott Marble, first
lerformed at the Adelplii Theatre, Chicago,
)ctober 9. 1898.
Dauncey, Sylvanus. Dramatic
riter, l)orn 1864 ; author of ' A Divided
)uty ' [' A :Month after Date '] (1885),
Charity's Cloak' (1891), 'Love at Home,'
dapted (1891), 'The Reckoning' (1891).
ee Day, G. D.
Davmtless, Richard. A sailor in
ilbert and Sullivan's 'Ruddigore'
■.p.).
Dauvray, Helen. Actress ; appeared
1 New York in 1SS7 as Stella Vandyke in
ronson Howard's ' Met by Chance,' as
ell as Constance in ' The Love Chase ' and
'eg Woffington in ' Masks and Faces.' She
as seen in London in 1892 as Suzanne in
^ Scrap of Paper ' {q.v.).
Davenant, Lord and Lady, in Cum-
2RLAND's ' Mysterious Husband' {q.v.).
Davenport, in Lamb's 'Pawnbroker's
aughter' (^.i-.), is in love with Marian.
;) There is a Davenport in 'The British
^gion'(3.u.).
Davenport. Actor, died March, 1814 ;
married, about 1787, Mary Ann Harvey [see
Davenport, Mrs. M. A.]. In Oxberry's
' Dramatic Biography ' (1825) we read that,
" though unequal to characters of first-rate
importance," he "perhaps had few equals
in parts of a rough but manly nature, such
as Rogue (' Mountaineers '), Sulky, etc. He
was a good speaker, and a useful member of
the Covent Garden company, which he left,
in consequence of ill health', in 1812."
Davenport, Adolphus [real ^name,
Hoyt]. Actor, born in Connecticut, 1828 ;
died in New Orleans, 1S73 ; made his debut
at the Baltimore Museum in 1S4S, but soon
after, in obedience to parental pressure, left
the stage to study the law. Eventuallv,
however, he returned to tlie boards, and in
1853 played small parts at the old Broadway,
New York. While at this theatre he married
Miss Lizzie Weston [see Mathews, Mrs.
Charles James]. With her he starred for
a time, and then came engagements at Phila-
delphia (1853-56), New York (1859), etc. In
1872 Davenport was manager of the Mobile
Theatre.
Davenport Brothers and Co. A
farce by Edgar Pemberton, Theatre Royal,
Birmingham, April 24, 1879.
Davenport Done. A comedietta by
Captain Colo.mb.
Davenport, Edward Iioomis. Actor,
born at Boston, U.S.A., in 1S16 ; died Sep-
tember, 1877 ; made his professional debut
at Providence, Rhode Island, in 1836, as
Pantoyl Willdo in 'A New Way to Pay Old
Debts.' After this came an engagement at
the Tremont Theatre, which was by-and-by
followed (in 1846) by appearances at the
Park Tlieatre, New York, as Jiomeo, Bene-
dick, Fazio, St. Pierre, and so forth. In the
following year he was the original represen-
tative of Armand in Mrs. Mowatt's plav
so named (7.1-.). In December, 1S47, he and
Mrs. Mowatt made their English debut at
Manchester, and in January, 1848, their
London debut at the Princess's. During
the next six or seven years he was seen in
England as Othello, Richard III., Sir Giles
Overreach, St. Pierre, Rob Roy, the Corsi-
can Brothers, Claude Melnotte, William in
' Black-Eyed Susan,' Adam Trueman in
' Fashion,' and other parts. In August,
1854, lie returned to America, and for a time
starred in such pieces as ' The Egyptian,'
' Francesca da Rimini,' ' Calaynos,' etc. In
1856 he played Hamlet at Burton's, New
Yoi-k. In 1857 he became joint-lessee of
the American Theatre, New York ; in 1859
he undertook the management of the Havard
Athenaeum, Boston; in 1S65 he was joint-
lessee of the old Washington Theatre ; and
in 1870-72 he was lessee of the Chestnut
Street Theatre, Philadelphia. Among his
subsequent roles were Bill Sikes, Sir Lucius
O'Trigger, Captain Uatcksley, Edmond
Dantes, Prospero, Brutus in 'Julius Cfesar,'
Dan'l Druce, and Edgar in ' King Lear.' He
was last seen in New York in 1876 ; his last
public appearance was at Cumberland,
DAVENPORT
DAVENPORT
Maryland, in April, 1877. " Hamlet," writes
Xiaurence Hutton, " -vvas not Mr. Daven-
port's greatest part; his Sir Giles Overreach,
his Bill Sikes, his Brutus, and his William
in ' Black-Eyed Susan ' were as fine as his
Hamlet, if not finer ; nevertheless, it was a
singularly complete conception of the cha-
racter—scholarly, finished, and profound"
(' Curiosities of the American Stage ')• See
•Actors and Actresses of Great Britain
and America ' and ' ^Memories of Daly's
Theatres' (1S97).— Mrs. E. L. Davenport
{Fannv Elizabeth Vining] was born in
liOndon, 1S29. She was the daughter of
Fi-ederick Vining {q.v.), and made her
d6but as an adult actress in 1S47, when
«he plaved Juliet to the Romeo of G.
V. Broo"ke. She married Davenport in
January, 1849. Her first appearance in
America was made at the Broadway The-
atre, New York, in September, 1854, as
Margaret Elmore in 'Love's Sacrifice' (g.r.).
Davenport, Fanny. Actress, born
in London in 1850, died 1898 ; daughter of
E. L. Davenport iq.v.) ; first appeared on
the stage at Boston, U.S.A., as the child in
♦Metamora,' after which she undertook a
number of such juvenile parts. She was
seen at Niblo's, New York, in 1S62, as the
King of Spain in 'Faint Heart never won
Fair Lady.' From 1S(J9 to 1S77 she was a
member of Augustin Daly's company at the
successive Fifth Avenue Theatres and else-
where. During this period she was the
first representative of Blanche in Daly's
'Man and Wife,' Effie Remington in 'Sara-
toga,' Mrs. Wragge in Daly's ' No Name,'
I/OM. in' Divorce, 'i?aro?ies5(/eJ/'trac in Daly's
■'Article 47,' Nellie Wyckoff in 'Diamonds,'
Marquise de Ceseranne in ' Alixe,' Merope
in ' Madeline :Morel,' Kitty in ' Fortune,'
Aglare in ' Folline,' Mdme. Guichard in
Daly's 'Monsieur Alphonse,'^eH Van Rensse-
laer in ' Moorcroft,' Eugenia in ' The Big
'Bona.nzB.,' Mabel Renfrew in 'Pique,' Estie
in ' Blue Glass,' the Duchess in ' The Ameri-
can,' and Mary in ' Lemons.' She was also
the first representative in America of Con-
stance Howard in 'False Shame; or, New
Year's Eve,' Ruth Tredgett in ' Charity,'
Mary Melrose in ' Our Boys,' Helen in ' Weak
Woman,' etc. Among her other roles were
Ophelia, Rosalind, Rosaline in ' Love's
Labour's Lost,' Mrs. Ford in ' The Merry
Wives,' Maria in 'Twelfth Night,' Lady
Townley in ' The Provoked Husband,' Miss
Richland in 'The Good-natured Man,'
Violetta in ' She Would and She Would Not,'
Lad]/ Mary in ' Wives as they Were,' Letitia
in ' "The Belle's Stratagem,' Bizarre in 'The
Inconstant,' Lady Teazle, Tilburina, Julia
in 'The Hunchback,' Ladv Franklin in
• ]SIoney,' Pauline Deschapelles, Lady Gay
Spanker, Lady Alice in ' Old Heads and
Young Hearts,' Madge Wildfire in Bouci-
cault's 'Heart of Midlothian,' Rosie in
*Play,' Polly in 'Caste,' Peg Woffington in
' Masks and Faces,' etc. She was seen in
London in 1882 as the heroine of ' Diane '
<q.v.).
Davenportj Jean. See Lander, :Mrs.
Davenport, Mrs. See Mathews, Mr;
Charles James.
Davenport, Mrs., was one of the iov,
leading actresses in Sir William D'Avenant ■
company when he opened his theatre i
Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1661. In that yea
she figured as Roxalana in 'The Siege c
Rhodes,' Lady Ample in 'The Wits,' an
Evandra in 'Love and Honour ; ' also, as thi
Queen in ' Hamlet.' In 1663 she was seen a
the same house as Camilla in ' The Adver
tures of Five Hours,' and as Roxalana i
' Mustapha.' Downes says she was " erep
from the stage by love ; " as a matter of faci
she was entrapped by the twentieth Earl o
Oxford into a sham marriage, and, when shi
discovered the deception, was consoled with
an annuity of £300. l
Davenport, Mrs. Mary Ann [ne
Harvey]. Actress, born at Launceston.
1765 ; educated at Bath, M-here she mad'
her first pubUc appearance on December 21
1784, as Lappet in ' The Miser ' (q.v.). Afte
experience at Bath, Exeter (where sh
married one Davenport (q.v-), a member o
her own profession), at Birmingham, and a'
Dublin (where she, for the first time, playe>
an " old woman's" part, in which she mad
a gi-eat success), she was engaged fo
Covent Garden in September, 1794, openin.
as Mrs. Hardcastle, and being seen ther
afterwards as the yxirse in 'Romeo aui
Juliet,' Dame Quickly (in 'Henry IV. Par
I.' and ' The Merry ^^'ives'), Mrs. Peachum
and Mrs. Malaiy)-up. At the Haymarket
in 1797, she was the original representativ ■
of Deborah Dowlas in 'The Heir at Law'
{,q.v.). At Covent Garden she was the firs,
to impersonate Dame Ashfield in 'Speed th'
Plough' (q.v.). Another of her original
parts there was that of M7-s. Brulgrudder,
in 'John Bull' {q.v.). In the 1803-4 seaso:'
at Covent Garden she played Dame Quickl,
(in ' Henry IV. Part II.' and ' Henrv V.'), am
in that of 1813-14 Mrs. Heidelberg. He
connection with Covent Garden extender
altogether over thirty-six years. She diei
in 1843. " She had," says IJoaden, " a ver.
acute perception of comic humour, and j
strength and earnestness that always carrie''
the dialogue home." In 1825 it was writte::
of her : " She never oversteps the modest,
of nature ; her Nurse, Mrs. Heidelberg, Mrt
Bundle, Aladdin's mother, Alice (' Castl,
Spectre '), are all exquisite and faultless. . . •
Mrs. Davenport's versatility is wonderful^
. . . We have her asserting her clairr
and overcoming all rivalry, in the vulga.
loquacity of the would-be youthful Mr.
Hardcastle; the oglings of the antiquatC'
virgin, Miss Durable ; the imbecility of fou;
score in 3Irs. Nicely; the warm-hearte
cottager in ' Lovers' Vows ; ' the attempte
elegancies of M7-s. Dowlas; the fier;
humoured Dame Quickly, and tlie obtu^
intellect of Deborah " (Oxberry's ' Theatric;
Biography '). See, also, Genest, and ' Tt'
Thespian"Dictionary.'
Davenport, Rev. Griffith. SeeKK"
Griffith Davenport.
DAVENPORT
DAVIDGE
Davenport, Robert. Dramatic writer ;
author of ' A New Trick to Cheat the
Devil ' (1639), ' Kin^ John and :Matilda '
(1655), 'The City Night-cap' (1661\ 'The
Fatal Brothers,' ' The Pedlar,' ' The Pirate,'
'The Politic Queen,' and, with Thomas
Drue (q.v.), 'The Woman's Mistaken,' all
of which see. A play, or plays, entitled
'Henry I. and Henry II.' (g.v.), will be
found attributed, in the book of the Sta-
tioners' Company, to Shakespeare and
Davenport.
Davenport, T. D. Theatrical manager,
born 1792, died 1851 ; the original, it is
believed, of Dickens's Vincent Crummies.
I Davey, E.ich.arcl. Dramatic ,tnd mis-
icellaneous writer ; author of the following
plays :— ' Paul and Virginia' (1886), * Marion
de Lorme' (1887), ' Lesbia' (1S88), and, with
•\V. H. Pollock (q.v.\ 'A Shadow Hunt'
1891) and ' St. Ronan's Well ' (1893).
I David. A play in four acts, by Louis
;S. Parker and Murray Carson, first per-
lormed at the Garrick Tlieatre, London, on
'S^ovember 7, 1892, with Herbert Waring as
David da Silva, and other parts by Alfred
.ucklaw, Murray Carson, Miss Kate Bate-
laii, and Miss Estelle Burney.
David and Absalom, a tragedy in
ive acts, by Bishop Bale, is among the
itowe MSS.
I David and Bethsabe. A play by
George Peele, written between 1579 and
■598.
David and Goliath.. A drama in five
arts, by Hannah More, published in 1782.
David Copperfield. There have been
3veral dramatizations of the well-known
ovel by Dickens : — (1) A play in three acts,
ntitled ' Born with a Caul,' and produced
t the Strand Theatre in October, 1850, with
. Johnstone as Peggotty, Turner as Micaw-
.'-r, H. Butler as David. G. Almar as The
'nknown, etc. (2) A play brought out at
,ie Surrey Theatre, London, on November
1850. (3) A play performed at the Standard i
heatre, London, in Noveniber, 1850. (4) !
drama in three acts, by John Brougham I
.v.), produced at Brougham's Lyceum
heatre, New York, on January 6, 1851. I
ith the adapter as Micau-bcr, his wife as
'ara Peggotty, and John Owens as Uriah
eep. (5) An American dramatization of
.e novel (in two acts), seen at the Grecian
leatre, London, on October 3, 1870. ttee,
50, Deal Boatman, Em'ly. and Little
H'LT.
David Garrick. A play in three acts,
T. W. Robertson (q.v.), adapted from De
elesville's ' Sullivan,' and first performed
the Prince of Wales's Theatre, Birming-
ra, in April, 1864, with E. A. Sothern in
s title part. Miss Edith Stuart as Ada
got, Bellair as Simon Ingot, G. K. Maskell
Squire Chivy; performed at the Hay-
-rket Theatre, London, on April 30, 1864,
th E. A. Sothern in the title part, J. B.
ckstone as Squire Chivy, W. H. Chippen-
dale as Ingot, Miss Nelly Moore as Ada^
Rogers as Smith, Clark as Jones, Mrs.
Chippendale as Mrs. Sjnith, Mrs. Fitz-
william as Araminta Broiun. " This play,"
said a note on the original playbill, "is
founded on an incident said to" have oc-
curred to Garrick, but which has no preten-
sions to biographical accuracy." ' Sullivan '
itself appears to have been based upon a
story by J. Bouchardy called ' Garrick
M^decin,' published in' Le Monde Drama-
tique in April, 1836. Robertson's play
was performed in the English provinces in
1878-9, with Miss Julia Stewart as Ada;
revived at the Haymarket Theatre, London,
in March, 1879, with Sothern in his original
part ; at the Gaiety Theatre on the afternoon
of May 12, 1886, with Fred Leslie as Garrick,
W. Hargreaves as Ingot, E. Righton as Squire
Chivy, and Miss K. Rorke as Ada ; at the
Criterion Theatre, London, on November IS,
1886, with C. Wyndham as Garrick, David
James as Ingot, G. Giddens as Squire Chivy,
W. Blakeley as Smith, INIiss E. Miller
as Miss Brown, and Miss Mary Moore as
Ada; at the same theatre (always with
C. Wyndham as Garrick) on February 29,
18S8 ; on July 10, 1889 ; on March 22, 1890
(with W. Farren as Ingot) ; on June 15, 1891 ;
on June 16, 1897, with Sidney Brough as
Chivy. It was with ' David Garrick ' that
Charles Wyndham opened his new theatre
in Charing Cross Road, London, in Feb-
ruary, 1900— he, Mit-s :Moore, and W. Farren
appearing in their familiar rdles, with
Arthur Bourchier as Squire Chivy. A
burlesque called ' David Garrick,' by C.
COLNAGHI and E. Ponsonby, was played
at the Criterion Theatre on May 11, 1888.
Robertson's piece was revived at the Fifth
Avenue Theatre, New York, October 7, 1895,
with Nat Goodwin in the title part. The
title part has also been played in the State*
by E. S. Willard (q.v.). See DOCTOR Davy
and Garrick.
David Laroque. A i-omantic drama
in four acts, adapted by George S. Johns
from George Ohnet's novel so named, and
first performed at Rapley's Academy of
Music, Washington, September 1, 1897.
David Rizzio. (1) A "serious opera"
in three acts, by Colonel Hamilton, pro-
duced at Drury Lane in June, 1S20, with
Braham in the title part, and Mrs. W. West
as Mary Queen of Scots. Rizzio, in this
piece, is in love with Lady Mary Living-
stone, but Darnley suspects him of inti-
macy with the Queen, and helps to bring
about his assassination. (2) A tragedy by
Haynes, performed at Co vent Garden The-
atre in November, 1S3S.
Davidg-e, Georg-e B. Actor and the-
atrical manager, born at Bristol, 1793. died
1842; appeared at Bath and AVeymouth
before he was seen at the Adelphi, London.
Then came engagements at the Surrey and
the Coburg Theatres, of the latter of which
he became in 1821 stage-manager.
Davidg-e, "William Pleater. Actor,
born in London, 1814 ; died near Cheyenne,
DAVIDSON
DAVIS
US.A. ; made his professional debut at
Nottingham in June, 1830, as Adam Win-
terton in 'The Iron Chest' {q.v.). Engage-
ments followed at the Queen's, Victoria,
Olympic, and Drury Lane Theatres. His
first bow to an American audience was made
in August, 1850, at the Old Broadway The-
atre, New York, as Sir Peter Teazle. At
this theatre he stayed for five years, play-
ing "leading comedy" and "old men" in
all the standard repertory. After much
"stock" work in provincial cities he was
seen in New York at various theatres
between 1860 and 1868. In 1869 he joined
the company of Augustin Daly, with whom
he remained until 1877, undertaking such
characters as Sleekin ' The Serious Family,'
^i> John Vesey in 'Money,' Sir Harcoiirt,
Harkaway, and Meddle in 'London As-
surance,' Jesse Rural in ' Old Men and
Young Hearts,' Colonel Howard in ' False
Shame,' Bishopbriggs in ' Man and Wife,'
Vanderpool in ' Saratoga,' and so forth. In
1879 he was the first American representa-
tive of Dick Deadeyein 'H.M.S. Pinafore.'
In 1888 he joined the company of the
Madison Square Theatre, with which he
■was still associated when he died. His
best parts are said to have included Touch-
stone, Dogberry, Malvolio, Bottom, Autolycus,
Sir Toby Belch, Launcelot Gobbo, and old
Uccles in ' Caste.' He was the author of a
play called ' The Family Party,' and in 1866
published a book of reminiscences entitled
• Footlight Flashes.'— William Davidge, son
of ^y. P. Davidge, and also an actor, made
his ddbut at Newark, New Jersey, in 1864.
He was the original representative in
America of Solomon Isaacs in ' Queen's Evi-
dence ' and Geoffrey Gordon in ' The Great
Divorce Case.'
Davidson, John. Poet and dra-
matic writer ; author of ' A Queen's
Romance' (1904); adapter of Coppee's
* Pour la Couronne ' [see For the Crown] ;
reviser of Carl Armbruster's translation
of 'Konig's Kinder" [see Children of
THE King]; has published 'Plays' (1894),
' Godf rida ' (1898), ' Self's the Man ' (1901),
etc.
Davies, Ben. Vocalist and actor ;
gained his early experience of the stage as
a member of the Carl Rosa Company, which
he ioined in 1882, and of which he remained
a member till 1886. In February, 1887, he
took up the part of Geoffrey Wilder in
Cellier's ' Dorothy ' {q.v.) ; after which he
was the original representative of Martin
Bolder in the same composer's ' Doris ' (1889),
of Ralph Rodney in Solomon's ' Red Hussar '
(1889), and of Wilfrid in Sullivan's ' Ivan-
hoe ' (1891).
Davies, Thomas. Actor, publisher,
and miscellaneous writer, born about 171'2,
died 1785 ; was educated at Edinburgh
University, and made his histrionic dibut
at the Haymarket in 1736. After this he
became a bookseller, but, not succeeding,
resumed his old profession, being seen at
Covent Garden in 1746 as Pierre in ' Venice
Preserved.' Going into the provinces, he
met and married a young actress named
Yarrow, to whose beauty Churchill after-
wards paid homage in the well-known
lines—
" On my life.
That Davies hath a very pretty wife 1 "
In 1753 both were employed at Drury Lane,
very much in the character of "under-
studies." That Davies was really but a poor
performer may be inferred from Churchill's
pronouncement in ' The Rosciad '—
"In plots famous grown.
He mouths a sentence as curs mouth a bone."
In 1762 Davies returned to bookselling, pub-
lishing in 1777 ' A Genuine Narrative of the
Life and Theatrical Transactions of Mr. Joht
Henderson," written by himself. He wat
bankrupt in 1778, and through Dr. Johnson's
influence had a benefit at Drury Lane,
figuring as Fainall in 'The Way of tht
World " (q.v.). To 1779 belongs his edition
with a memoir, of the works of Massinger.
and to 1780 his biography of Garrick, ir
which he was again assisted by Johnson
This was followed in 1785 by his ' Dramatic
Miscellanies, consisting of critical observa
tions on several Plays of Shakespeare : wit!
a Review of his principal characters anc
those of various eminent writers, as repre
sented by Mr. Garrick and other celebratec
comedians ; with anecdotes of dramatic
poets, actors, etc' In 1789 an edition o
Downes's ' Roscius Anglicanus ' was pub
lished, " with additions by the late Mr
Thomas Davies." Mrs. Davies, who sur
vived her husband, died in 1801. See Bos
well's 'Life of Johnson,' Nichols an(
Piozzi's 'Anecdotes,' and the Garrick Cor
respondence.
Davis, E. D. Theatrical managei
born 1806, died 1887.
Davis, Fay. Actress; began he,
career in America and in England as
reciter. Her first appearance on the stag
was made at the Criterion Theatre, Londor
on November 5, 1895, as Zoe Nuygetson i
'The Squire of Dames' (_q.v.). In the fa
lowing year she played Celia in ' As \ o
Like It' at the St. James's Theatre, wher
she afterwards figured as Fay Zuliamv
'The Princess and the Butterfly (i»y(,
Rosalind (1897), Slonica in 'The Tree o
Knowledge' (1897), Sero in .' M"ch Ad
about Nothing' (1898), Babiole m 'The Cor
querors' (1898), Juliet in ' The Ambassador
(1898), Lilian in 'In Days of pld'/1899
Queen Flavia in ' Rupert of Hentzau (1900
Elsie in 'The Man of Forty' (1900), G^P^
Floyd in 'A Debt of Honour (1900), tb
Duchess of St. ^s«Ain 'The Wisdom
the Wise ' (1900;, and Olive Lawrence i
•The Awakening ' (1901).
Davis, Mary. Actress, temp. Charl.
II. ; described by Pepys as a bastara <
Colonel Howard, my lord Berkshire. Ui
chief success seems to have been made <
Celania in Davenant"s 'Rivals, of ^h"
Downes says (' Roscius .Anghcanus ) b
the women's parts admirably acted, chiet
DAVIS
DAY
[Celania], a shepherdess, being mafl for
love, especially in singing several Avikl and
mad songs, ' My Lodgings it is on the Cold
Ground,' etc. She performed it so charm-
ingly that not long after it raised her from
her bed on the cold ground to a bed royal."
To the last-named fact Pepys refers (January
14, 1667-8) : "The king do show her counte-
nance, and [she] is reckoned his mistress,
even to the scorn of the whole world." She
figured at Lincoln's Inn Fields between
1663 and 1668 as a member of the casts of
Dryden's ' Sir Martin Marall,' Etherege's
' Comical Revenge' and ' She Would if She
Could,' Shirley's ' Love Tricks,' ' Lord
Orrery's 'Mustapha' and 'Henry V.,' and
Stapylton's ' Stepmother.' Pepys more than
once praises her dancing (March 7, 1666-7,
and August 5, 1667). She had by the king
a daughter who married the second Earl of
Derwentwater.
Davis, Mo. A Jew in Boucicault's
• Flying Scud ' (q.v.).
Davison, Mrs. See Duncan, Maria.
Davo. Servant of Coxrnt Foldtre in
O'Haba's ' April Day ' (q.v.).
Davy. Servant to Shallow in ' King
Henry IV. Pt. II.'
1 Davy Crockett, An " idyll of the
.backwoods" in four act.s, by Fiiamc Mir-
iDOCH (Hitchcock), first performed at tlie
(Rochester Theatre, U.S.A., in 1873, with
(Frank Mavo as the hero ; produced at New
iYork (Niblo's (harden), March 9, 1874, with
IMiss Rosa Rand as Eleanor Vn iKjhan. " The
istory is in essence identical with that of
1 Young Lochinvar.'" "It is," says Lau-
ence Hutton, " almost the best American
ilay ever written. A pure sylvan love-
.tory, told in a healthful, dramatic way, it
s a poem in four acts." The play was first
)erformed in England in June, 1879, at the
Alexandra Theatre, Liverpool, with Mayo in
lis original part ; it was produced in London
,t the 01ynii)ic Theatre in August of the
ame year, with a cast including Mayo, L.
-ablache, Clifford Cooper, and Miss Emma
litta. —A play in five acts, called ' Davy
rockett,' announced as " by Frank Dig-
nce," was produced at the Southminster
heatre, Edinburgh, on September 29, 1873.
Davy, Doctor. See Doctor Davy.
Daw. (1) Sir John Daw is a character
1 JONSON's ' Epica?ne ' (q.v.). (2) Sir David
•aw figures in Cumberland's ' Wheel of
ortune' (q.v.). (3) Matthew Daw is a
laracter in Miss Chambers's 'School
ir Friends' (q.v.).
Dawbwell. A character in ' The Ap-
irition ' (q.v.).
Dawdle the Doddler. The king in
CRNAND's ' White Cat ' (q.v.).
Dawn. A drama in four acts, by George
lOMAS and Frank Oswald, Vaudeville
leatre, London, June 30, 1887. See Devil
VRESFOOT and Mad Match, A.
DawTi of Freedom (The). A play in
five acts, by Myron Leffingwell, Grand
Theatre, Boston, Mass., February 28, 1898.
— ' The Dawn of Hope : ' drama, in a pro-
logue and four acts, by Clarence Burnett
and Herbert B. Cooper, Novelty Theatre.
London, January 20, 1896.— 'The Dawn of
Love : ' a comedietta in one act, adapted
by M. Russell Rosse from Besant and
Rice's novel ' The Golden Butterfly,' Theatre
Royal, Exeter, January 26, 1885.
Dawson, Forbes. Actor and play-
wright ; was in the original casts of ' Dark
Days ' (1885), ' The Witch ' (1887), ' Siberia '
(1SS7), 'Mirage' (1888). 'Blackmail' (1888),
' The Balloon ' (1888), ' The Scarecrow ' (1889).
' ^-Esop's Fables ' (18S9), ' A Commission '
(1891), ' Gloriana ' (1891), ' Niobe (all
Smiles)' (1892), etc. He is the author of
the following dramatic pieces :— ' The Out-
sider' (1891), 'The Diamond King' (1892),
'The Davs to Come' (1893), 'The New
World' (i893), 'Cherry Hall' (1894), 'Re-
ported Missing' (1894), 'Scotch' (1895),
' Glorie A.ston' (1898), etc.
Dawson, Nancy. Stage-dancer, born
about 1730, died 1767 ; entered, about 1746,
the employment of a puppet-showman, who
taught her to dance. She was afterwards
engaged successively at Sadler's Wells (as
columbine) and at Covent Garden, where,
in October, 1759, she appeared in ' The
Beggar's Opera,' creating a sensation by
her rendering of a hornpipe (to the tune of
which, it is said, G. A. Stevens wrote ' The
Ballad of Nancy Dawson '). In Septem.ber,
1760, she migrated to Drury L.ane. to re-
appear in ' The Beggar's Opera ' and to take
part in Christmas pieces. She seems to
have retired from her profession in 1763.
Day, George D. Dramatic writer;
author of the libretto of ' A Near Shave '
(1895); part-author (with Sidney Bowkett)
of 'The Diamond Rush' (1895), 'The
Mummy' (1895), and 'The AVillow Pattern
Plate ' (1897) ; part-author, with Silvanus
Dauncey, of 'Bilberry of Tilbury' (1898),
and of ' Campano ; or. The Wandering Min-
strel' (1898), and, with A. Branscombe, of
' The American Heiress ' (1899).
Day, John. Dramatic writer ; edu-
cated at Cambridge Univer.sity ; author of
the following stage pieces :— ' The Bristol
Tragedy ' (1602), ' The Isle of Gulls,' a tra-
gedy (1606). ' The Travels of Three English
Brothers' (1607), 'Humour out of Breath,'
a comedy (1608), 'Law Tricks,' a comedy
(1608), 'Come see a Wonder' (1623), 'The
Parliament of Bees,' a masque (1641), ' The
Blind Beggar of Bethnal Green,' a comedy
(1659) ; part-author with Dekker of ' Guy
of Warwick ' (1619), and with Marlowe of
' The Maiden's Holiday ' (1654). His Works
were edited by A. H. Bullen for private
circulation in 1881. See Henslowe's ' Diary.'
Day, John T. Dramatic writer ; author
of • The Fanatic' (1897), 'The Purser ' (1897),
and ' The Clavchester Scandal ' [afterwards
' The Intruders '] (1898).
DAY
384
D'ENNERY
Day, Philip. Actor ; was in the
original casts of Halliday's ' Daddy Gray '
(1868). Byron's ' Bow Bells ' (ISSO), etc. ;
plaved lioratio at the Gaietv, London, in
1871, and Steerforth in ' Little'Em'ly ' at the
Adelphi in 1875.
Day, "William H. Actor, born 1854;
made his professional debut in 1874 ; was in
the original casts of ' The Bauble Shop '
(1893), ' An Old Jew ' (1894), ' The Masque-
raders' (1894), ' Miss Hobbs' (1S99), etc.
Day after the Fair. A farce in one
act, by C. A. Somerset (g.i-.), first performed
at Sadler's Wells Theatre in 1829.
Day after the Wedcliiig: (The) ; or,
A Wife's First Lesson. An interlude
by Mrs. Ch.\.rles Kemble (q.v.), first per-
formed at Covent Garden on May 18, 1808,
with the authoress as Lady Elizabeth Free-
love and Charles Kemble as Colonel Freelove ;
revived at the Lyceum Theatre in AprU,
1822, with Mrs. Glover as Lady Elizabeth.
Day and a Nigrht in New York (A).
A farcical comedy in three acts, by Ch.vrles
H. HOYT, first performed at the Hyperion
Theatre, New Haven, Connecticut', April
18, 1898; Garrick Theatre, Xew York,
August 30, 1898.
Day at an Inn (A). An interlude in
one act, by Theodore Hook (gr.), first
performed at the Lyceum Theatre, Loudon,
.luly, 1S3S.
Day at Rome (A). A musical farce in
two acts, words by C. Smith, music by T.
Attwood, first performed at Covent Garden
in October, 1798.
Day Dreams. (1) A comedy by Sir B.
Leighttjx, Loton Park, Salop, "Xo'vember
5, 1-95. (2) A play in one act, by Herbert
Swears, first performed at the"Eden The-
atre, Brighton, December 5, 1894; Opera
Comique Theatre, London, July 6, 1895.
Day in London (A). A comedy in five
acts, by Andrew Cherry, first performed
at Drury Lane in AprU, 1807.
Day in Paris (A). A musical inter-
lude in one act, by C. Selby {q.v.), first per-
formed at the Strand Theatre, London, on
July 18, 1832, with Abbott as Charles Wi/nd-
ham ("an Englishman amusing himself in
Paris "), Mitchell as Sam (his .servant), and
^Miss C. Crisp as Emily Grenville (betrothed
to Wyndham), who, in the course of the
piece, impersonates a French "artiste," a
"tiger," a "susceptible young lady," and a
young officer. This r6le was played at the
Victoria by Mrs. Selby, Selby himself play-
ing Wyndham.
Day in Turkey (A) ; or,The Russian
Slaves. A comedy, with songs, by Mrs.
COWLEY, first performed at Covent Garden
in December, 1791.
Day of Reckoning" (The). An adapta-
tion by J. R. Planche of a French melo-
drama, first performed at the Lyceum The-
atre, Loudon, in April, 1851, with C. J.
Mathews as the Count D'Arental (q.v.), and
otber pans by F. Matthews. R. Roxby,.
]Mrs. Macnamara, Mdme. Vestris, etc. ; re-
vived at the Adelphi in 1868. (2) A drams;
produced, for copyright purposes, at tht
Queen's Theatre, Battersea, February 17
1894.
Day "Well Spent (A). A farce in om
act, by J. OXENFORD, first performed at tht,
Lyceum Theatre, London, April 4, 1835, wit!
Wrench, Oxberry, Romer, Mrs. Emden, anc
Mrs. F. JNIatthews in the cast.
Day will Come (The). A drama ii
four acts, by William J. Mackay, Open
House, Chatham, March 7, 1892; Sadler's
Wells Theatre, January 12, 1893.
Day's Fishing- (A). A farce by J:
Maddison Morton (q.v.), first performed ai
the Adelphi Theatre, London, on March 8,
1869.
Daybreak. (1) A drama, in prologuei
and four acts, by James Willing, first per.
formed at the Standard Theatre, London
on September 1, 1884. (2) A play by E. E.:
Rose, performed in U.S.A.
Daybrooke, Ruth. One of the heroines,
of Robertson's ' M.P.' (q.v.). ;
Daye and Knight. A "musical far-^
cicality," %vritten by Walter Parke and
composed by Louise Barone, first performed
at St. George's Hall, London, November 4,
1895, with Miss Ethel McAlpine in the cast..
See Dey and the Knight.
Days of Cromwell (The). An historical
drama in five acts, by Charles Roger;
and Carter Livesey, first performed ati
the Borough Theatre, Stratford, on Octobei,
19, 1896. I
Days of Olde. A comedy in a pro-
logue and two acts, by Fred. FarjiaN;
Theatre Royal, Leamington, November 8'
1892. See In Days of Old.
" Days of Terror (The), A romantic
drama in four acts, by C. A. Clarke, Bishof,
Auckland, March 24, 1891.
Days of Yore (The). A drama in thretl
acts, by R. Cumberland (q.v.), first per-
formed'at Covent Garden in January, 1796-
The scene is laid in the reign of Alfred th(;
Great.
Days to Come (The). A drama ii'
four acts, by Forbes Dawson, performei,
for the first time in London at the Elephant
and Castle Theatre, May 27, 1^93. •
Dazzle. A man about town, in Bouci-
CAULT's ' London Romance ' (q.v.). He wa
" originally called ' O'Dazzle,' or some sucl
name — an Irish cliaraccer, to be representee
by Tyrone Power, probably " (Dutton Cook).
—Mrs. Dazzle is a character in REYNOLDS':'
' Management ' (q.v.).
D'Ennery, Adolphe Philippe [rea*
name, Jacob]. French dramatist, born 181'.;
died 1899; adapted to the French stag.
'The Colleen Bawn,' 'Jack Sheppard,' am
DE ANGELIS
3S5
DEACON BRODIE
' Uncle Tom's Cabin,* under tJie titles re-
spectively of 'Le Lac du Glenaston,' 'Les
Chevaliers du Brouillard,' and ' La Case de
rOncle Tom.' Amon?: the English plays
translated or adapted from D'Ennery's ovt^n
dramatic works are the following, all of
which see :— ' Around the World in Eighty
Days,' ' Cartouche,' ' La Dame de St. Tro-
pez,' 'Don Csesar de Bazan,' 'The Earth-
quake of Martinique, 'The Fortune Teller,'
The Foster Sisters,' ' The Four Stages of
Life.' ' Gaspard Hauser,' ' The Hen with the
Jolden Eggs,' ' The Hidden Hand,' ' A Hun-
hed Years Old,' 'It's an HI Wind that
)lows Nobody Good,' ' Jocrisse the Juggler,'
A Life's Revenge,' 'Linda, the Pearl of
iavoy,' 'London by Night,' ' Magloire the
Jonjuror,' 'Marie Jeanne,' 'Michael Stro-
off,' ' Napoleon ; or, The History of a
lag,' ' On the Cards," Pauvrette, the Shep-
eidess of the Alps,' 'Proof,' 'Reverses,'
Ruhe the Showman,' 'The Sacred Trust,'
The Scamps of London,' ' The Sea of Ice,'
The Swell Mobsman,' 'The Standard of
ngland,' ' The Thirst of Gold,' ' The Two
rphans,' ' The Wandering Jew,' ' The War
China,' 'The Wreck of the Medusa.'
De Ang-elis, Jeflferson. Actor and
icalist ; has made many successes in the
nited States as leading comedian in ' The
diph,' 'The Jolly Musketeers,' and other
asical pieces.
De Camp. See Kemble, Mrs. Ch.a.rles.
De Cordova, Rudolph. Dramatic
■iter ; co-author, with Alicia Ramsey, of
tonsieur de I'aris' (18%), 'As a Man
\vs' (1898), ' Hcmor' (lOO'.i), etc.
De Courcy, Frederick, figures in
ley's 'Marble Heart' (q.v). (2) There
uDe Courcy in H. J. Bykon's ' Courtship '
)e Flores, in Middleton and Row-
]i''s 'Changeling' (q.v.), is in love with
iitrice.
)e Grey, Marie [Ellen Washington
]:ston]. Actress, died 1897; was in the
cjinal casts of 'Calypso' (1874), 'After
Iig Years ' (1887), ' The Monk's Rooia '
< .7), and ' Sybil ' (1889).
•e Koven, Reginald. Musical com-
par ; has written the score of ' The Al-
lans,' ' The Begum,' ' Don (Quixote,' ' The
I;cing Master,' ' The Knickerbocker.-,'
jAd Marian ' (q.v.) [' Robin Hood ']. ' The
^idarin,' 'Rob Roy,' 'The Tzigane,' and
oi)r operas, all produced originally in the
L ted States.
e Langre, Hermann. Actor ; was in
*' ongmal casts of ' Mynheer Jan ' (1887).
, ndfast ' (1887), ' Your Wife ' (1890), ' For-
giness' (1892), 'An Old Jew' (1S94), 'An
Atocratic Alliance' (18941, 'The Home
b(j3tary' (1895), 'The squire of Dames'
U;>), Love in Idleness ' (1896), etc. ; also,
inie first English casts of 'AH the Com-
jj of Home '(1891) and ' Therese Raquin'
De Mattos, A. T. Author of transla-
/i'^IJ^ ^"^'^ English of 'Therese Raquin
Th^V^^f P^l-Jfish ' (1892), 'Leida' (189".
Ihe Cradle' (1893), 'The Heirs of Rabour-
din' (1894)-all of which see.
T ^®,^i^^' ?enry C. Dramatic writer,
born ISoO, died 1893 : author of ' The Danger
Signal [' The Main Line '], 'Lord Chumley '
and The Lost Paradise' (London, 189'' )'•
and co-author, with David Belasco of
Man and Woman' (London, 1893) and
The Wife.'
De Montfort. A tragedy in five acts,
by Jo.ONA Baillie (q.v.), first performed at
Drury Lane on March 29, 1800, with Kemble
in the title part, Talbot as Rezenvelt, Mrs
Suldons as Jane (sister of De Mont fort), and
Barrymore, Dowton, and Caulfield in other
parts. This is one of the series of plays
in which Miss Baillie sought to delineate
the Passions. In this case the Passion is
Hatred, the victim being De Mont/ort and
the object Rezenvelt.
De Prie, Jaques. A miser in Jon-
son's ' Case is Altered' (g.r.).
De Soto, the Hero of the Missis-
sippi. A play by Geouue H. Miles, per-
formed at New York in April, 1857, with
E. L. Davenport in the title part.
De Walden, T. B. Actor and play-
wright, born in London, 1811 ; made his
debut as a player at the Haymarket in 1844 •
was first seen in America at the Park The-
atre, New York, in December, 1844, as Bel-
viour in ' Is He Jealous ? ' ; retired from the
stage in 1858. He was the author of ' Sam '
'The Baroness,' 'Upper Ten and Lower
Twenty,' and various other dramatic piecas.
De "Winton, Alice. Actress ; was in
the original casts of 'His Second Wife'
(1892), -In a Locket' (1895), 'A Court of
Honour' (1897), ' Tommy Dodd ' (1897), ' Cy-
rano de Bergerac ' (1900), etc. She was also
seen as Julia in ' The Duchess of Malfi '
(Op(5ra Comique Theatre, 1892).— Dora de
Wi.NTON was in the original casts of 'An
Average Man' (1895), G. Bancroft's 'The
Birthday' (1894), 'The Silence of Night'
(1897), ' The Battle of the Sexes' (1898), etc.
Deacon (The). A " comedy .sketch " in
two acts, by Henry Arthur Jones, first
performed at the Shaftesbury Theatre
London, on August 27, 1890, with E. S.'
Willard in the title part (Abraham Booth-
royd). Miss Annie Hill as Rosa, and Mrs.
Macklin as Mrs. Bolingbroke.
Deacon Brodie ; or, The Double
Life. A melodrama, in four acts and ten
tableaux, by R. L. Stevenson and W. E.
Henley, first performed at PuUan's Theatre,
Bradford, December 28, 1882. with E. W.
Bretton as Brodie and A. B. Cross as Walter
Leslie; produced at the Prince's Theatre,
London, on July 2, 1884, with E. J. Hen-
ley as Brodie, C. Cartwright as Leslie, J.
Maclean as William Lawson, Julian Cross
as George Smith, Brandon Thomas as
2C
DEACON'S DAUGHTER
DEADEYE
Captain Jiivers, Miss Lizzie Wiliiams as Mary
Brodie, and Miss Minnie Bell as Jean Watt ;
first represented in America at^Wallack's
Theatre, New York, in May, 1887, with E. J.
Henley as the Deacon, Eben Plympton as
Walter Leslie, Charles Groves as Moore, Miss
Carrie Coote as Jean Watt, and Miss Annie
Robe as Mary Brodie ; performed in Mon-
treal on September 26, 1887, with E. J.
Henley, Miss Robe, and Miss Coote as
before.
Deacon's Daug-liter (The). A play
by A. C. GUNTER (q.v.), first performed
(in New York) in April, 1887, with Miss
Annie Pixley in the title part (Ruth Home-
webh).
Dead Alive (The). A musical piece
in two acts, words by John 0'Keei-e, music
by Samuel Arnold, first performed at the
Haymarket Theatre on June 16, 1781.
Dead Beat. A drama in five acts, by
George Conquest and George Comer, first
performed at the Surrey Theatre, London,
October 22, 1885.
Dead Boxer (The). A drama pro-
duced at the Albion Theatre, London, on
September 20, 1875.
Dead Calm. (A) ; or. The Fisher's
Story. A drama in two acts, by John
Douglass, jun., first performed at the
Standard Theatre, London, on August 4,
1868.
A play by William
Dead Hand (The).
Travers {q.v.).
Dead Heart (The). A drama, in a pro-
logue and three acts, by Watts Phillips
{q.v.), first performed at the Adelphi Theatre,
London, in November, 1859, with Benjamin
Webster as Robert Landry, D. Fisher, sen.,
as the AbM Latour, J. L. Toole as Tou^tet,
J. Billington as the Count St. Valerie and
Arthur St. Valerie, T. Stuart as Jacques
Legrand, Paul Bedford as Rebout, C. J.
Smith as Jocrisse, Mrs. Mellon (Miss Wool-
gar) as Catherine Duval, Miss Kate Kelly
as Cerisette, and other parts by W. H,
Eburne, R. Romer, and Miss Laidlaw ; re-
vived at the Marylebone Theatre in April,
1862, with Webster and Bedford in their
original rdZes ; in 1871, with Miss Ada Dyas
as Catherine ; at the Lyceum Theatre, Lon-
don, on September 28, 1889, with Henry
Irving as Landry, S. B. Bancroft as Latour,
Haviland as the Count, Gordon Ci-aig as
Arthur, A. Stirling as Legrand, E. Righton
as Toupet, Miss K. Phillips as Cerisette, and
;Miss Ellen Terry as Catherine [for this re-
vival the text was revised by W. H. Pollock
and new music composed by G. Jacobi]. See
'The True Story of the Dead Heart,' by
John Coleman.
Dead Letter (The). (1) A drama, in a
prologue and three acts, by Walter Ro-
berts, produced at the Marylebone Theatre
on December 11, 1873. (2) A drama in one
act, by W. A. Brabner, first performed at
the Gaiety Theatre Dublin, AprU 17, 1891,
and produced at the Opera Comique Theatr
London, on September 26, 1891.
Dead Man's Gold (A); or, The Hi;
tory of a Crime. A drama in five act
by George Conquest and Henry Spr
first performed at the Surrey Theatr
London, November 7, 1887.
Dead Man's Point ; or. The Lig-h
house on the Cam Ruth. A drama
four acts, by F. C. Burnand {q.v.), first pe
formed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, <
February 4, 1871, with a cast including Mi
Alfred Mellon, Miss Furtado, Mrs. Leif
Murray, Mrs. Billington, J. Billington,
F. Edgar, J. Rouse, A. Rayner, J. VoUaii
etc.
Dead Man's Shoes. - A dramai
piece performed at New York in Februai
1830.
Dead o' Nig-ht Boys. A drama
Irish life, by W. S. Branson, Greenwici
September 19, 1874.
Dead or Alive. A drama in thi
acts, by Tom Taylor {q.v.), first perform,
at the Queen's Theatre, London, on Ji,
22, 1872, with a cast including D. Bai
mann, G. Rignold, W. H. Vernon, J.
Cathcart, J. Vollaire, and Mrs. Bandmai
Palmer.
Dead Past (The). A drama by Ausi
Fryers, Parkhurst Theatre, Hollow,
June 24, 1895.
Dead Reckoning- (The); or, Press,
for the Navy. A drama by C. H. Haz:
"WOOD {q.v.), Britannia Theatre, Lond
August 10, 1868. See Jezebel. ,
Dead Secret (The). A drama, ivu
prologue and three acts, founded by E. •.
Bramwell on Wilkie Collins' novel of t'h
name, and first performed at the Lycei
Theatre, London, on August 29, 1877, ■«!
E. D. Lyons as Joseph Buschmann.
Dead Shot (A). A farce in one i,
by J. B. BUCKSTONE {q.v.), first perfornt
at the Adelphi Theatre, London, in liy
with the author as Hector Timid. j
Dead Take-in (A). A farce by Alfi.)
Wigan. performed at the Olympic Thea ,
London, in 1850.
Dead to the "World. A drama in i.r
acts, by George Conquest and HE:;ir
Pettitt, first performed at the Greci
Theatre, London, on July 12, 1875.
Dead Wife (The) ; or, Marmadya
the Smug-g-ler. A play producedo
the Pavilion Theatre, London, Decern',
1838.
Dead Witness (The); or. Sin si
its Shadow. A drama in three a ,
founded bv Wybert Reeve on a taUj
Charles Dickens, and first performed at ,e
Theatre Royal, Sheffield. '
Deadeye, Dick, in Gilbert and Su f-
van's ' H.M.S. Pinafore ' {q.v.), reappeai "
« The Wreck of the Pinafor&' {q.v.).
Its
•9
if/
DEADLOCK
3S7
DEAREST MAMMA
Deadlock CThe). A drama in five acts,
adapted by David Cowis and John
Hastings Batson from the Russian of
Potijekhin ; Bijou Theatre, Bayswater,
London, February 7, 1898.
Deadly Foes. A drama by Josephine
FiDDES, Theatre Royal, Belfast, November
20, 186S.
Deadly Reports. A farce by J. Pal-
grave Simpson (q.v.), Olympic Theatre,
London, October 26, 1S57.
Deadset, Miss Minerva. A cha-
racter in H. J. Byron's ' Old Story' (q.v.).
Deadwood Dick. A drama in five
acts, by Paul Korrell, Pavilion Theatre,
London, March 12, 1894.
Deadwood Stage (The). A play by
Clay M. Greene, performed in U.S.A.
i Deaf and Dumb ; or, The Orphan
Protected. An liistorical play in five acts,
adapted by Thomas Holcroft (with sup;-
gestions by J. P. Kemble) from the French
A J. N. Bouilly, and first performed at Drury
Lane on February 24, 1801, with Kemble
'is the Abbe, Miss Decamp as Julio, and
VVroughton as iJarlemont. — Two English
ranslations of Bouilly's drama (one by B.
L'HOMPSON) were printed in 1801.
Deaf as a Post. A farce by John
?'00LE (g.u.), first performed at Drury Lane
n February, 1823, with Liston as Sappy
nd Mrs. Orger as Sally Mags.
Deaf Indeed. A farce by Edward
'OPHAM, performed at Drury Lane in De-
ember, 1780, and " damned" in the middle
f the second act.
Deaf Lover (The). See Device,
'HE.
Deal Boatman (The). A serio-comic
rama in two acts, by F. C. BURNAND iq.v.),
lunded on 'Poor Jack' and 'Little Em'ly,'
id first performed at Drury Lane on Sep-
■mber 21, 1863, with G. Belmore in the title
irt (Jacob Vance), and other roles by F.
tiarles, Mrs. Edmund Falconer, Miss Rose
eclercq, etc.
Dean, Julia [successively Mrs. Hayne
d Ml s. Cooper]. Actress, born in Dutchess
junty, New York, July, 1830 ; daughter of
rs. Drake, the actress (g.v.); after some
perience in the country, made her New
)rk debut at the Bowery Theatre in May,
46, as Julia in ' The Hunchback.' '• Youth-
., graceful, delicately pretty, she at once
akened," says Ireland, "the public
;erest," and " for several years she proved
powerful attraction at the Astor Place
era House and Broadway Theatre."
aong the roles in which she was first seen
New York were Juliet, Mrs. Haller,
■ liana ('Honeymoon'), Margaret Elmore,
\\ Pauline. In April, 1850, she figured in
;W York as Evadne, and in November,
" 2, as Parthenia. Her last appearance in
i.t city was made in October, 1867, as
Anne Catherick in ' The Woman in White.'
She died there in March, 1868. See Ireland's
' New York Stage,' Brown's ' American
Stage,' Hutton's ' Plays and Players,' and
Jetterson's Autobiography.
Dean's Daughter (The). A play in
four acts, founded by Sydney* Grundy
iq.v.) and F. C. PHILIPS (q.v.) upon the
latter's novel so named, and first performed
at the St. James's Theatre, London, in
October, 1888, with Miss Olga Nethersole
in the title part (Miriam St. Aubyn), Rut-
land Barrington as the Dean {Veri/ Rev. A.
St. Aubyn), J. Beauchamp as Sir Henry
Craven, and other parts by Lewis Waller,
Miss Adrienne Dairolles, and Miss Caroline
Hill.
Deans, David, Efla.e, and Jeanie,
figure in Shepherd's ' Effie Deans' (q.v.),
in BouciCAULT's ' Trial of Efiie Deans '
(q.v.), in 'The Scotch Sisters' (q.v.), and
other adaptations of ' The Heart of Mid-
lothian' (q.v.).
Dear Departed (The). An operetta,
libretto founded by Walter Parke on
' Le Clou aux Maris ' (Paris, ls59), music by
H. :Martvn van Lennep ; Comedy Theatre,
London, 'May 29, 1890.
Dear Friends. A comedietta by Mary
Righton, Vaudeville Theatre, London,
July 24, 1890.
Dear Girls (The.) A musical comedy
in three acts, written by Harry and Ed-
ward Paulton, Regent Theatre, Salford,
September 11, 1899.
Dearer than Life. A drama in three
acts, by H. J. Byron (q.v.), first performed
at Liverpool in November, 1867, with J. L.
Toole as Michael Garner, David Fisher as
r,en Garner, J. Eldred as Bob Ga.^sett, and
Miss Ada Dyas as Lucy ; produceil in Lon-
don at the Queen's Theatre on January 8,
1868, with J. L. Toole as ifichael Garner,
L. Brough as Ben Garner, H. Irving as Bob
Gassett, C. Wyndham as Charles "^Garner,
J. Clayton as Kedgcley, Miss H. Hodson as
Lucy; revived at the Gaiety, London, at
Christmas, 1871 ; at Toole's Theatre, London,
in 1883, with Toole in his original part,
E. D. Ward as Charles Garner, J. Billington
as Ben, Miss Marie Linden as Lucy. "The
plot is a close following of ' The Porter's
Knot.' A prodigal son, by his evil courses,
reduces his old and worthy parents to ex-
treme poverty, and then returns prosperous
from the colonies just in time to aid them "
(Dutton Cook).
Dearest Elizabeth. A farce played
at the Haymarket, with the Keeleys in the
cast.
Dearest Mamma. A comedietta
adapted by Walter Gordon (q.v.) from
' La BeUe Mere,' and first performed at the
Olympic Theatre, London, in 3Iay, 1860,
with Mrs. Leigh Murray in the title part
(Mrs. Breezcly Fussell), Miss Herbert, G.
A'ining, Addison, etc.
DEARLOVE
38S
DEBUTANTE
Dearlove, Jonathan, in Coyne's
' Samuel in Search of Himself (q.v.).
Deatli by the Law. A drama by
Edward Towers (q.v.), produced at the
Pavilicn Theatre, London, on August 5,
1876.
Death Fetch (The). A play founded
by J. B. BUCKSTONE {q.v.) on one of the
' Tales of the O'Hara Family,' and produced,
witti music by C. Horn, at the Lyceum The-
atre, London, in July, 1826, the cast includ-
ing Bartley, Buckstone, Keeley, and the
Misses Paton, Kelly, and Goward (Mrs.
Keeley).
Death-Gruest (The). A "spectral"
drama, produced at the Lyceum Theatre,
London, in 1S34,
Death Plank (The) ; or, The Dumb
Sailor Boy. A melodrama in two acts,
by W. J. Lucas, Pavilion Theatre, London,
July, 1832 ; New York, 1835, with Madame
Celeste as Antoine.
Death Token (The). A melodrama in
two acts, by T. E. Wilks (q.v.), Surrey
Theatre, May, 1837, with Buckstone, Reeve,
"O." Smith, R. Honner, Mrs. Yates, and
Mrs. Fitzwilliam in the cast.
Death Trap (The) ; or, A Catspaw.
A drama in four acts, by J. Redding Ware
iq.v.), first performed at the Grecian The-
atre, London, June 6, 1870.
Death "Warrant (The); or, A Race
for Life. A drama by H. P. Grattan
iq.v.), first performed at the Grecian The-
atre, London, October 25, 1879.
Death of Adam (The). (1) A tragedy,
translated by Robert Lloyd from the Ger-
man of Klopstock, and printed in 1763. (2)
A sacred drama, translated by Thomas Hol-
CROFT from the French of Mdme. de Genlis,
and printed in 1786.
Death of Bucephalus (The). A
burlesque tragedy in two acts, by Dr. Ralph
SCHOMBERG, acted at Edinburgh, and
printed in 1775.
Death of Ceesar (The). A tragedy
translated from Voltaire, and published in
Dr. Franklin's edition.
Death of Captain Cook (The). A
ballet performed at Covent Garden in
1789.
Death of Captain Faulknor (The) ;
or, British Heroism. Adramatic sketch
performed at Covent Garden in 1795.
Death of Dido (The). (1) A masque
by " R. C," said to have been printed in
1621. (2) A masque, words by Barton
Booth, music by Dr. Pepusch, acted at
Drury Lane, and printed in 1616.
Death of Marlowe (The). A tragedy
in one act, by Richard Hengist Horne
iq.v.), printed in 1838, and performed by
the Irving Amateur Dramatic Club in 1887.
See Kit Marlowe.
Death of Mary (The). One of the
York Plays {q.v.).
Death of Robert, Earl of Hunt-
ing-don. See Robin Hood.
Death or Glory. A military drama in
five acts, by John Mill, Britannia Theatre
London, October 7, 1896.
Death's Bridal. A drama in five acts,
by Charles Osborne {q.v.), first performed
at Bolton on June 10, 1878.
Death's-Head Dick, the Skeleton
Pirate; or, The Tig-ers of the Sea.
A drama by R. C. Tottan, produced at
Merthyr Tydvil, Wales, March 31, 1870.
Death's Jest-Book; or, The Pool's
Trag-edy. A play in five acts, by T. L.
Beddoes {q.v.), printed anonymously in:
1850. See the ' Poetical Works ' of Beddoes,
edited by E. Gosse (1890).
Debauchee (The); or, The Credu-
lous Cuckold. A comedy acted at th?
Duke's Theatre, and printed in 1677 ; said
to be an adaptation by Mrs. Behn of R,
Brome's ' Mad Couple Well ^latch'd ' {q.v.)
(2) ' The Debauchees; or, The Jesuit Caught : ,
a comedy by Henry Fielding {q.v.), actec
at Drury Lane in 1732.
Debbitch, Deborah, figures in adapta
tions of ' Peveril of the Peak.'
Deborah. A German play by Dr. Mo
SENTHAl, adapted to the American stagi'
under the titles of ' Deborah ' (the versioi-
used by Julia Dean Hayne), ' Miriam,,
' Naomie,' and ' Leah the Forsaken ' {q.v.)
(2) A drama in three acts, adapted by C. Si
Cheltnam (g.v.)from Dr. ^Nlosenthal's play,
and first performed at the Victoria Theatre:
London, on July 12, 1864, with Miss Juli;;
Seaman in the title part. Miss E. Farren a
Rose (a villager), Basil Potter as the Apoi
tate, and other parts by J. B. Buckstom
G. Yarnold, etc. (3) A play in five act;
by Langdon Elwyn Mitchell {q.v.), firs
performed at the Avenue Theatre, Londor
on February 22, 1892 ; played at Bristol i
September, 1893, as ' The Slave Girl.' Se
Hagar.
Debt. A farcical comedy in two acts, b
E. A. de Pass, produced at the Gaiet
Theatre, London, on November 23, 1872.
Debt of Honour (A). (1) A comec
by F. W. Broughton {q.v.). West Hartli
pool, January 23, 1879. (2) A play in oi.
act by C. P. Colnaghi, Op^ra Comiqf
Theatre, London, December 17, 1891. (J
A play by Sydney Grundy {q.v.), produce
at the St. James's Theatre, London, Septei
ber, 1900. (4) A play by Bartley Campbei.
{q.v.), performed in U.S.A.
Debtor and Creditor. A comedy ^
five acts, by James Kenney {q.v.), fir
performed at Covent Garden in April, 18L
with Mrs. Jordan in the cast.
a
Debutante (The).
Di;BUTANTE.
See Pere de
i
DECEIT
DEKKER
Deceit (The). A farce by Henry
NORRIS, printed in 1723.
Deceived. (1) A drama produced at
Accrington, Lancasliire, September, 1882.
(2) A play by G. H. Jessop and Frank
,-TEPHENS, performed in U.S.A. in 1887.
Deceiver Deceived (The). A comedy
hv Mrs. Pix, acted at Lincoln's Inn Fields
in 1698.
Deceivers Ever. A farcical comedy in
two acts, by Malcolm Charles Salaman
(q.v.), first performed at the Strand Theatre,
London, November 26, 1883.
December and May. An operatic
farce founded by W. DiiiOND (q.v.) upon
one of Moliere's comedies and the farce of
Barnaby lirittle' (q.v.), Covent Garden,
May, 1818.
Deception. (1) A comedy ascribed to
Mr. Vaughan, and performed at Drury
f,ja.ne twice in October, 1784. (2) A comedi-
tta by Maurice de Frece, Theatre Royal,
iverpool, Dec-mber 18, 1871. (3) A p'lay
ranslated by IMathe Sheridan from the
Demi-Monde ' of Dumas jils, and first per-
[urmed at the Star Theatre, Buffalo, New
fi'ork State, December 5, 1892. (4) A play
liy Charles Townsend (q.v.), performed iu
U.S.A. — 'The Deceptions' was a C(jmedy by
jjrs. CORNELYS, acted in Dublin in 1781.
Decided Case (A). A comedietta by
OHN Brougham (q.v.).
Decision of the Court (The), by
.RANDER Matthews, was first performed at
c'ermann's Theatre, New York, March 2.;,
B93, by the Theatre of Arts and Letters,
ith Mrs. Agnes Booth in the cast.
Decius. (1) A Roman captain in Beau-
ONT and Fletcher's ' Bonduca.' (2) Am-
issador of Ccesar in Addison's ' Cato ' (q.v.).
Decius and Paulina. A masque by
EWis Theobald, printed in 1718.
Decoy (The). (1) An opera by H.
jOTTER, acted at Goodman's Fields in 1733.
[;) A comedy-drama in three acts, by
IREDERICK Eastwood, first performed at
e Gaiety Theatre, London, on the after-
lon of April 18, 1883, with a cast including
iss Wallis (Mrs. Lancaster), J. Came, J.
OSS, and H. Beerbohm Tree.
Decoy, a procuress in Shirley's 'Lady
Pleasure' (q.v.) reappears in Taverner's
.rtful Husband' (q.v.).
Dedlock, Sir Leicester and Lady,
ure in various versions of ' Bleak House '
v.).
Oeecie, Caleb. The blind youth in
■Bery'S ' Two Roses ' (q.v.).
Oeed of Gift (The). A play by Sutton
[ne, performed in U.S.A.
peeds. A comedy in three acts, by
js. Freake, performed at Cromwell
•use, South Kensington, on February 25,
Deeds, not Words. A drama in tTfo
acts, by J. Courtney (q.v.), Surrey Theatre,
January, 1855.
Deeds of Dreadful Note. A " dra-
matic tale of terror " in one act, adapted by
Albert Dubois from the French of De
Rosier, and first performed at the Adelphi
Theatre, London, in 1842, with Wright as
Tremor and Mrs. Keeley as Mrs. Funk.
Deep, Deep Sea (The); or, Perseus
and Andromeda. An extravaganza by
J. R. Planche (<i.v.), first performed at the
Olympic Theatre, London, December 26,
1833. In this piece the author represented
Jiino and tlie Nereids as being angry with
King Cepheiis, and sending the sea-serpent
(from America) to devastate his shores.
James Vining played the serpent. The piece
was performed in New York in November,
1834.
Deep Red Rover (The\ An"o'piratic
burlesque " by F. Hay and W. Chapman.
Deerfoot. A farce by F. C. Burnand,
first performed at the Olympic Theatre,
London, on December 16, 1861, with F.
Robson in the title part.
Deer-Slayers (The); or. The Free
Archers of the New Forest. A drama
by W. and C. PiTT, Britannia Theatre,
London, December 19, 1870.
Defarg-e, Mdme. Wife of a wineshop-
keeper in various versions of Dickens's ' Tale
of Two Cities' (q.v.).
Defender of the Faith. A melo-
drama, in four acts and nine tableaux, by
Charles Darrell, Grand Theatre, Bir-
mingliam, September 20, 1897 ; Standard
Theatre, London, May 9, 1898.
Deformed Transformed (The), as
pu])lished by Lord Byron in 1824, con-
sisted of " the two first parts only, and the
opening chorus of the third." " The rest,"
said the author, "may appear hereafter;"
but it did not. The "play" remains a
fragment.
Degenerates (The). A comedy in four
acts, by Sydney Grundy (q.v.), first per-
formed at the Haymarket Theatre on August
31, 1899, with Mrs. Langtry as J/rs. Treveli/an,
Miss Lily Hanbury as Lady Saumarez, Miss
Lily Grundy as L/7ia Trevelyan, E. Maurice
as Sir William Saumarez, C. Hawtrey as
the Duke of Orme, and other parts by ^Iiss
Lottie Venne, Miss D. Drake, L. Kenyon,
H. Beatty, F. Gottschalk. G. Grossinith,
jun., etc. ; first performed in New York,
January, 1900, with Mrs. Langtry in her
original role and F. Kerr as the Duke.
Deidamia. (1) Queen of Sparta in Ox-
way's ' Alcibiades ' (q.v.). (2) Daughter of
Lycomedes in Bridges' 'Achilles in Scyros'
(q.v.)
Dekker, Thomas. Dramatic and mis-
cellaneous writer, born in London about
1577, died about 1641 ; began to write for
the stage, apparently, about 1597. Among
the plays generally assigned to him are ' The
DEL. TREM.
390
DELICATE GROUND
Gentle Craft ' [' The Shoemaker's Holiday ']
(1599), ' Bear-a-brain ' (1599), 'The Whole
History of Fortunatus ' (1599 or 1600), ' The
Whore of Babylon ' (1607), ' Satiromastix '
(1602), ' If this be not a Good Play, the Devil
is in it' (1612), ' Britannia's Honour ' (1628),
'London's Tempe' (1629), 'Match me in
London ' (1631), ' The Wonder of a Kingdom '
(1636), ' Jorando and Alfonso,' ' The King of
Swedland,' and ' The Jew of Venice ; ' all
of which see. He also had a share, more
or less large, in the following dramatic
pieces :— With Drayton, ' The Civil W^ars in
France ' and ' Connan, Prince of Cornwall ; '
with Chettle, 'Troilus and Cressida' [' Aga-
memnon '], ' The Stepmother's Tragedy,'
'King Sebastian of Portugal;' with Jon-
son, ' Page of Plymouth ' and ' Robert
the Second;' with Munday, 'Jephtha;'
with Middleton, ' The Honest Whore ' and
• The Roaring Girl ; ' Avith Webster, • West-
ward Ho ' and * Eastward Ho ; ' with S.
Rowley, * The Noble Spanish Soldier : '
with Ford, ' The Fairy Knight ' and ' The
Sun's Darling;' and with Day, 'The Bell-
man of Paris.' He collaborated further,
with Wilson, Haughton, Hathaway, and
Wentworth Smith, in pieces noticed else-
where in this volume. Of his life but little
is known, save that he was more than once
imprisoned for debt, that he was em-
ployed to write City " entertainments " as
well as plays for the various companies of
players, and that when he had no market
for his dramas he wrote pamphlets, etc.,
Avhich include varied pictures of his times.
See Henslowe's ' Diary,' Langbaine's ' Dra-
matic Poets,' Gibber's ' Memoirs of Actors,'
Fleay's ' Biographical Chronicle of the Eng-
lish Drama,' and Ward's ' English Dramatic
Literature ; ' also, R. H. Shepherd's edition
of the Plays (1873), and the selection from
them included in the 'Mermaid Series'
(1887). A collection of Dekker's most notable
prose works was published by the Rev. A.
B. Grosart in 1885-6. " Dekker," says
Swinburne, "would have taken a high
place among the finest if not among the
greatest of English poets if he had but had
the sense of form— the instinct of composi-
tion. W'hether it was modesty, indolence,
indifference, or incompetence, some draw-
back or shortcoming there was which so
far impaired the quality of his strong and
delicate genius, that it is impossible for his
most ardent and cordial admirer to say or
think of his very best work that it really
does him justice— -that it adequately repre-
sents the fulness of his unquestionable
powers. And yet it is certain that Lamb
was not less right than usual when he said
that Dekker 'had poetry enough for any-
thing.' But he had not constructive power
enough for the trade of a playwright "
(' Nineteenth Century,' January, 1887). See,
also, J. A. Symonds in vol. v. of 'The
Academy ' (1874). See Fannius.
Del. Trem. : or,T]iePo'werof Drink.
An adaptation oy W^\lter Banks of Zola's
'L'Assommoir,' Gaiety Theatre, West
Hartlepool, September 22, 1879.
Delair, Paul. French dramatic writer,
born 1842, died 1894 ; author of the adapta-
tion of ' The Taming of the Shrew ' called
• La M6g6re Apprivois6e.'
Delane, Dennis. Actor, died 1750;
after playing in Dublin, was engaged at Good-
man's Fields from 1731 to 1735, at Covent
Garden from 1735 to 1739, and at Drury
Lane from 1741 to 1748, when he returned
to Covent Garden. His parts included
Hamlet, Macbeth, Lear. Richard III., Othello,
Richard II , King John, Henry V., Falstaff,
Volpone, Comits, Cato, etc. T. Davies says
that " Alexander the Great was his most
admired and followed part. . . . His address
and manner were easy and polite ; and he
excelled more in the well-bred man, in a
Bevil in the ' Conscious Lovers,' and a, Manly
in the ' Provoked Husband,' than in those
parts which pushed him into notice."
Delany, Murtocli. Servant to Col-
loony in Macready's ' Irishman in London.'
Delap, John, D.D. Author of the
following tragedies:—' Hecuba' (1762,) ' The
Royal Suppliants ' (1781), ' The Captives '
(1786), ' Gunilda ' (1803), ' The Usurper '
(1803), ' Matilda' (1803), ' AbdaUa ' (1803).
Delaporte, Ag-nes. Actress and
vocalist ; was the original representative
of the heroine in 'The Lily of Leoville'
(Comedy Theatre, London, 1886), Fiorella
in ' The Brigands ' (Avenue Theatre, 1889),
Cameradossi in ' Tra-la-la Tosca ' (Royalty
Theatre, 1890), etc. She was also Adonis in
Yardley, Rose, and Harris's ' Venus ' on
tour in 1890.
Delavigme, Casimir. See Don Juan
D'AuTRiCHE ; Louis XI.; Monastery of'
St. Just.
Delays and Blunders. A comedy in
five acts, by Frederic Reynolds, tirst
performed at Covent Garden in October,
1802.
Delia Harding'. A play in three acts,
adapted by J. Comyns Carr from the French
of Victorien Sardou, and first performed at
the Comedy Theatre, London, April 17, 1895,
with Miss Marion Terry in the title part,
and other characters by Miss Dorothy Dorr,^
Mrs. E. H. Brooke, Miss Rose Leclercq,'
Cyril Maude, Fred Terry, W\ Mackintosh,
etc.
Delicate Attentions. A play by J
Poole, performed at the St. James's Theatre
London, in December, 1836.
Delicate Ground. A drama in on<
act, by Charles Dance (g.v.), taken fron
' Brutus, lache Cesar,' and produced at th<
Lyceum Theatre, London, on November 27
1849, with Mdme. Vestris as Pauline, C. J
Matbews as Sangfroid, and R. Roxby a
Alphonse ; performed at New York in I8i]
with Lester Wallack as Sannfroid ; at th
Globe Theatre in 1870, with Walter Lacy a
Sangfroid, W. H. Vernon as Alphonse,&n)
Miss Ada Cavendish as Pauline ; revived a
the Criterion Theatre, London, in April
1890, with C. W^yndham as Sangfroid, an
DELICATE QUESTION
391
DENHAMS
Mi S3 M. Moore as Pauline. Sangfroid was
in the repertory of C. J. Mathews.
Delicate Question (A). A play by
J. A. Eraser, jun., produced in U.S.A.
Delig-lits o' liondon (The). A bur-
lesque by VVallis Mackay, Horace Len-
NARD, and George L. Gordon, of ' The
Lights o' London' {q.v.), produced at the
Philharmonic Theatre, London, April 8, 1882.
Delilah; or, Married for Hate. A
play, in a prolo^ie and three acts, by James
Willing, founded on Ouida's novel, ' Held
in Bondage,' and first performed at the
Olympic Theatre, London, on October 7, 18S0,
with Miss Amy Steinberg as the heroine ;
revived at Sadler's Wells Theatre in Sep-
tember, 1892.
DelincLuent (The); or, Seeing- Com-
pany. A comedy in five acts, by Frederic
Reynolds, first performed at Covent Garden
m November 14, 1805.
Delius, Nicolaus. See Shakespeare,
YlLLIAM.
Dell, Obadiah. The "man in posses-
ion" in SiMS's ' Halfway House' {q.v.).
Delmar, Florence. The heroine of
lARSTON's ' Heart of the World ' {q.v.).
Delmonico's ; or, Larks up the
■ludson. A comedy in three acts, adapted
rom 'Le Papillou ' {q.v.)oi Sardou, and first
lerformed in New York at the Fifth Avenue
heatre on June 20, 1871, with a cast in-
luding Miss F. Davt^nport, Miss C. Morris,
[iss L. Dietz, Mrs. G. H. Gilbert, J. Lewis,
'. H. Harkins, G. Parkes, W. P. Davidge,
id G. De Vere. — ' Delmonico's at Six : ' a
•lay by Glen MacDonough, performed in
.S.A.
Delorme, Marion. See Marion de
Orme.
Delph. Foreman to Porcelain in ' Family
-.xs'iq.v.).
Delpit, Albert. Dramatist; born at
ew Orleans in 1849, went to Paris in 1859,
id afterwards became a naturalized Hrench-
in. Among his works were ' Le Fils de
)ralie ' and ' Mdlle. de Bressier,' both of
lich have been adapted to the English
ige. See Coralie and Civil War.
Delusion (The). See Students of
LAMANCA, The.
Demetrius. An opera, translated by
HN HooLE from Metastasio (1768).
Demetrius, in ' The Humorous Lieu-
lant ' iq.v.). (_2 ) A freedman of Flaminius
■ Massinger's ' Believe as you List.' (3)
Roman captain in Beaumont and Flet-
•ER's ' Bonduca.' (4) A Greek nobleman
■• Johnson's ' Irene.' (5) Philip's younger
!i in Young's ' Brothers ' (q.v.).
5emi-Monde (Le). A play by A. Dumas
J. performed at the Royalty Theatre,
. iflon, in November, 1887 ; at Drury Lane
? June, 1893. See Crust op Society ;
' ception ; Fringe of Society.
Demisou. Master of an hotel in G.
Colman jun.'s * Blue Devils ' iq.v.).
" Democritus, thou ancient
fleerer." — Fletcher's 'Nice Valour'
(song).
Demoiselles de Saint-Cyr (Les).
A play by Dumas, produced in 1843. See
Two Little Maids from School.
Demon Bracelets (The); or, The
Mystic Cypress Tree. A drama by
C. H. Hazlewood, Britannia Theatre, Lon-
don, August 16, 1869.
Demon Doctor (The). A drama in
three acts, by Edward Towers, Effingham
Theatre, London, January 21, 1867.
Demon Dwarf (The). A play pro-
duced at the Victoria Theatre, London,
January, 1839.
Demon Gift (The). A play by John
Brougham and Mark Lemon, Olympic
Theatre, London, 1841-44.
Demon Jester (The); or, A Ro-
mantic Idea. A dramatic piece performed
at New York in 1S49, with J. Brougham as
Ilans.
Demon Jockey (The). A drama pro-
duced at Rotherham, Yorkshire, October
16, 1882.
Demon Lover (The). A romantic
comeilietta in two acts, by John Brougham
(q.v.), first performed at the Bowery Theatre,
New York, in December, 1856 ; Royalty
Theatre, London, Ociuber 10, 1864.
Demon of the Desert (The). A
melodrama in two acts, by A. L. Campbell,
performed at Sadler's Wells.
Demon's Bride (The) ; or, A
Leg-end of a Lucifer Match ! An
opera bouffe, libretto (by A. Vanloo and
E. Leterrier) altered and adapted by H. J.
Byron, music by G. Jacobi, first performed
at the Alhambra Theatre, London, on Sep-
tember 7, 1874, with Miss Lennox Grey,
Mdlle. Rose Bell, Miss Amy Sheridan, Felix
Bury, H. Paulton, etc., in the cast.
Demophoon. An opera, translated by
John Hoole from Metastasio (1768).
Dene, Dorothy [nom-de-guerre]. Ac-
tress ; was in the original casts of W. G.
Wills's 'Gringoire' (1885), 'The Story of
Orestes' (1886), 'Jack' (1886), Calmour's
'Love's Martyrdom' (1886), 'Noah's Ark'
(1886), ' A Noble Vagabond ' (1886), ' A
Secret Foe ' (1887), ' Mirage ' (1888), ' The
Loadstone' (1888), 'The Favourite of the
King' (1890). ' Sixteen, Not Out' (1892), etc.
She was last seen in London as Ophelia at
the Metropole Theatre, Camberwell, April,
1896.
Denham, Sir John. Poet and dramatic
writer; author of 'The Sophy,' a trasredv
(1642). ° -^
Denhams (The). See Crisis, The.
DENISE
392
DENVIL
Denise. A play in four acts, by Alex-
ANDRE Dumas Jlls (Coinedie Fran(;aise,
January 19,1885), produced at Her Majesty's
Theatre, London, June 11, 1886. (1) A ver-
sion of this piece, written by Augustin Daly
(q.v.), was produced at Daly's Theatre, New
York, in May, 1885, with ]SIiss Clara Morris
as Benise, Miss Bijou Heron as Martha, Miss
Blanche Thorne as Clarisse, Miss Eflfie Ger-
mon SiS Mdme. deThauzette, .Mrs. Whiffen as
Mdme. Brissot, and Jos. Haworthas J.nrf>-e'.
(2) An adaptation, in three acts, by Cle-
ment Scott and Sir Augustus Harris, was
brought out at the Prince of Wales's, Bir-
mingham, August 28, 1895, with Miss Olga
Nethersole in the title part ; this piece wa3
first performed in America at New Haven,
Connecticut, October 22, 1S95 ; at Empire
Theatre, New York, December 3, 1895. See
Fair Fame.
Dennett. The name of three dancers-
sisters— engaged at the Adelphi Theatre,
London, in 1820 ; of whom Hazlitt wrote :
" Theirs is the only performance on the
stage (we include the Opera) that gives the
uninitiated spectator an idea that dancing
can be an emanation of instinctive gaiety,
or express the language of sentiment."
Dennis, Jolin. Critic and playwright,
born 1657, died 1734 ; was educated at
Harrow and Cambridge, and held an ap-
pointment "under Government " from 1705
to 1715. His original contributions to the
stage were—' A Plot and No Plot ' (1697),
' Rinaldo and Arunda ' (1699), ' Iphigenia '
(1700), ' Liberty Asserted' (1704), ' Gibraltar'
(1705), ' Orpheus and Eurydice ' (1707), and
' Appius and Virginia ' (1709). He also
transformed ' The Merry Wives of Windsor '
into 'The Comical Gallant' (1702), and
' Coriolanus ' into ' The Invader of his
Country' (1705). He is said to have in-
vented a new method of producing stage
"thunder" which was used in 'Appius and
Virginia _; ' and the story goes that he com-
plained, in the case of a subsequent play by
another hand, that the author or manage-
ment had "stolen his thunder" (see T.
Gibber's ' Lives of the Poets'). In reply to
attacks made upon the stage by Jeremy
Collier (q.v.) and William Law, Dennis pub-
lished ' The Usefulness of the Stage to the
Happiness of Mankind, to Government, and
to Religion ' (1693), ' A Defence of a Regular
Stage' (1703), and 'The Stage Defended'
(1726). Among his other publications were
' An Essay on the Opera after the Italian
Manner ' "(1706), ' Three Letters on the
Genius and Writings of Shakespeare' (1711),
'Remarks upon "Cato"' [to which Pope
replied in ' The Madness of John Dennis ']
(1713), and 'Remarks upon "The Conscious
Lovers'" (1723). Having fallen, latterly,
upon evil days, he was the recipient, in
December, 1733, of a benefit at the Hay-
market Theatre. His ' Works ' appeared in
1702 ; his ' Select Works ' in 1718. Macaulay
has described him as having written " bad
odes, bad tragedies, bad comedies," and
Thackeray has characterized him as " the
Grub Street Timon."
Dennis, Will [Jiom-de-ffwrre]. Actos
and playwright, born 1859 ; appeared at the
Royalty Theatre, London, in 1892, as Joe
Hurst in ' The Showman's Daughter ' (q.v.).
He was afterwards the first representative
of Lord Arlington in 'The Black Domino'
(Adelphi, 1893), ifr. Deakin in ' Sowing the
Wind' (Comedy, 1893), David Garrick in
' Dick Sheridan ' (Comedy, 1894), 3[r. Ben-
tham in ' A Gay Widow' (Court, 1894), Lord
Killarney in ' A Leader of Men' (Comedy,
1895), etc. Under his own name [Stephen
Townshend] he has collaborated in play -pro-
duction with Mrs. Hodgson Burnett (q.v.).
Denny, J. T. See Fra Diavolo the
Second and Little Lalla Rookh.
Denny, W. H. Actor and dramatic
writer ; after experience in the provinces,
made his London dehut at Sadler's AVells in
' Mazeppa.' In 1874 he played Simple in
'The Merry Wives of Windsor' at the
Gaiety, and, after a visit to America, was
seen at the Aquarium, London, in 1879, as
Sir Charles in ' She Stoops to Conquer,'
Corporal Foss in 'The Poor Gentleman'
(q.v.), etc. He has been, since then, the
first representative of the following (and
other) characters :—Fi7i2>i?o in Tennyson's
'Falcon' (1S79), Slater in 'William" and
Susan' (1^50), IJainish in Hamilton's.
' Harvest ' ( 1S86), Noah Topping in ' Dandv
Dick' (18S7), Wilfrid Shadholt in 'The
Yeomen of the Guard' (1888), the Grand
Inquisitor in ' The Gondoliers ' (1889), :
Bumbo in 'The Nautch Girl' (1891), The'.
McCrankie in ' Haddon Hall' (1892), Scaphio
in 'Utopia, Limited' (1893), Pilkington
Jones in 'Gentleman Joe' (1895), Robert'
White in ' Dandy Dan ' (1897). He is the
author of 'A Mutual Mistake' (1891), 'A'
Chance Acquaintance' (1894), 'Helping a;
Friend ' (1S99), and, with T. Burnside, ' Coer»'
cion ' (1SS6). ;
Denounced; or, Faithful to the;
End. A drama by Henry Gascoigne and-
Frank Jefferson, Elephant and Castle
Theatre, London, August 11, 1883-
Dentatus. A veteran in Sheridan
Knowles"S ' Virginius.'
Denver, Wilfrid and Nellie. The
hero and heroine of ' The Silver King' (g.v.).
Denvil, Henry Gaskell. Actor,
born 1S04, died lSo6; was in the cast of
a piece called ' The Queen's Lover,' per-;
formed in the autumn of 1834 in a little
theatre in Kensington. There he was seen,
by Planche (q.v.), who recommended him to
Bunn (then manager of Drury Lane) for the
title part in the adaptation of ' The Bravo '
(q.v.). Bunn, however, "fancying" (says
Planche) "that he had secured a second
Edmund Kean, insisted on his making hit
first appearance as Shylock " (October 6, 1834)
"He did make it, and puzzled the press,
After three performances of Shylock, hf
appeared in ' Richard IIP' and ' Bertram
with the same result. In Lord Byron.-
'Manfred,' which was subsequently pr"
duced [October 29, 1834], he had th<
i
DEORUM DONA
DESERTED DAUGHTER
advantage of an original part, and united the
suffrages of the critics " (' Recollections and
: Reflections ')• In November, 1S34, Benjamin
Disraeli wrote to his sister : " Yesterday I
! went to see the new actor, Denvil. He is
deplorable, has not the slightest feeling,
; nor one physical or mental qualification for
', the stage " (' Letters ')■ According to West-
! land Marston (' Our Recent Actors '), Denvil
, "had some measure of poetic feeling and
; considerable power of facial expression."
1 He was "fairly successful in Richard III.
\ and Shylock," and " really fine in Manfred,"
yet " failed totally in Othello." " From the
attacks of his critics upon this last persona-
: tion the actor never recovered." He made
hxs debut in America at the Park Theatre,
. New York, in October, 1836, as Shylock,
which he followed up with Richard III. and
.Manfred, returning to England in 1837. So
late as 1843 he appeared at the City of
London Theatre in ' The Merchant of
(Venice,' ' Pizano,' and other standard plays.
il,atterly his .style deteriorated, and "ere
■long he seems to have been quite for-
igotten by tlie public. It is said that he
.ultimately became check-taker at one of
the minor theatres, and died in obscurity."
His son HOR.VCE, actor, died in 1878. His
daughter Cl.vka, actress, appeared at the
Haymarket, Lyceum, and Drury Lane be-
tween 1859 and 1865, and died in 1867. His
daughter Alice, actress, was with the
Keans at the Princess's, and latterly has
Ijeen a member of F. R. Bkn.son's company,
jvith which she figured at the Lyceum in
.900.
Deorum Dona. A masque by Rorert
Uron, supposed to be performed before
'laminius and Clorinda, king and queen of
Cyprus, at their regal palace in Nicosia, and
rinted in 1648.
Dependent (The). A comedy in five
cts, by R. Cumberland, performed at
•rury Lane in October, 1795, and " con-
emned the first night."
Depit Amoureux (Le). See Even-
s'G's Love and Mistake, The.
Deposing- and Death of Queen Gin
Che). An lieroic comi-tragic farce by an
lonyraous author, acted at the Haymarket,
id printed in 1736.
Depute de Bombigrnac (Le). A
imedy in three acts, by Alexandre Bis-
>N, first performed in England in French at
'.e Royalty Theatre, March 2, 1888 ; revived
' the Royalty, July 1, 1891. This is the
liginal of ' The Candidate' {q-v.).
[Deputy (The). A farcical comedy in
Iree acts, by George Arliss, Theatre
>yal, South Shields, September 2, 1897.
Deputy Sheriff (The). See Dan'l
iUTLETT.
tDeputy Wife (The). A play by
(iaRle.s Barnard, performed in U.S.A.
'Derblay, Philippe. The hero of
.NiiRO'rf ' Ironmaster' {q.v.).
Derby, Countess of. See Farren,
ELlZABKTir.
Derby Day (The). A drama by Nelson
Lee, first performed at Pavilion Theatre,
London, February 9, 1867.
Derby "Winner (The). (1) A drama
in four acts, by Sir Augustus Harris,
Cecil Raleigh, and Henry Hamilton,
first performed at Dniry Lane Theatre, Sep-
tember 15, 1894, with Mrs. John Wood as
the Duchess of Milford, and other parts by
Miss B. Lamb, ^iiss L. Moodie, Miss P.
Browne, Miss Alma Stanley, Arthur Bour-
chier, C Cartwright, C. Dalton, G. Giddens,
L. Rignold, H. Eversfield, H. Loraine, etc. ;
transferred to the Princess's Theatre in
December, 1894 ; produced at the Academy
of Music, New York, in August, 189.5, as 'The
Sporting Duchess.' (2) A melodrama in
four acts, by Alfred H. Spink, first per-
formed at the Columbus Theatre, New York,
February 4, 1895.
Derbyshire, The Wonders of. See
Wonders of Derbyshire.
Derrick, Joseph. Dramatic writer ;
author of 'Little Stranger' (1880), 'The
American ' (1882), ' Confusion ' (1883), ' Twins '
(1884), ' Plebeians' (1886), ' Curiosity ' (1886).
Descart, the French Buccaneer.
A melodrama in two acts, by Douglas
Jerrold {q.v.), performed at the Coburg
Theatre, London.
Deschamps, E. Author of a transla-
tion of 'Macbeth' ("revised"), produced
at the Odeon Theatre, Paris, in 1848.
Deschapelles, Pauline. The heroine
of Lytton's ' Lady of Lyons ' {q.v.).
Desdemona. Daughter to Brdbantio
in 'Othello' {q.v.). Hazlitt says of her:
"The truth of conception, with which
timidity and boldness are united in the
same character, is marvellous. The extra-
vagance of her resolutions, the pertinacity
of her affections, may be said to arise out of
the gentleness of her nature. They imply
an unreserved reliance on the purity of her
own intentions, an entire surrender of her
fears to her love, a knitting of herself (heart
and soul) to the fate of another."
Desei't Flower (The). An opera in
three acts, libretto by A. Harris and T. J.
Williams (from the French), music by W.
Vincent Wallace ; first performed at Covent
Garden Theatre, October 12, 1863.
Desert Island (The). A "dramatic
poem" in three acts, by Murphy, adapted
from Metastasio's one-act play ' L'Isola
Disabitata ; or, The Uninhabited Island,'
and performed at Drury Lane Theatre in
1760.
Deserted Daug-hter (The). A comedy
by Thomas Holcroi-t, first performed at
Covent Garden in May, 1795, with Miss
Wallis in the title part (Joanna Mordent),
Pope as Mordent, Harley as Lennox (who
seeks to seduce Joanna), Lewis as Cheveril
DESERTED VILLAGE
394
DETCHON
(who marries her in the end), Quick as
Item (Mordent's rascally steward), and other
parts by Munden, Mrs. Pope, and Mrs.
Mattocks ; revived at Covent Garden in
1819, with alterations, as 'The Steward.'
Deserted Villag-e (The). A drama in
three acts, by F. Fox Cooper (q.v.), first
performed with a cast including Yates, " O."
Smith, Reeve, Buckstone, and Mrs. Yates.
Deserter (The). A musical drama,
translated by C. Dibdin from ' Le Deserteur,'
and first performed at Drury Lane The-
atre in November, 1773. The same story
was utilized in ' The Deserter of Naples,
a ballet produced at the Royalty Theatre
in January, 1788.
Deserter in a Fix (A). A farce by
B. SOANE ROBV, Opera House, Leicester,
February 10, 1879, with the author, C. L.
Carson, and Miss Marie Linden in the
cast.
Deserts of Arabia (The). An operatic
spectacle, words by Frederic Reynolds,
music bv G. Lanza, jun., first performed at
Covent Garden in November, 1806.
Deserving- Favourite (The). A play
by LODOWiCK Carlell (q.v.), printed in
1629. " Tlie plot, which provides the Duke's
rival in the affections of the heroine Clarinda
—when she proves to be his sister— with a
refuge in the love of the royal huntress
Cleonarda, is not contrived without origi-
nality and skill."
Desmarets, in Tom Taylor's ' Plot and
Passion' (q.v.), "is a mean, double-faced,
fawning, cunning, treacherous tool [of
Fouche], in whom the sordid passions have
nevertheless not wholly extinguished others
that place him entirely at the mercy of his
victims" (Henry Morley). Desmarets, Tom
Taylor has said, " was an afterthought not
contemplated in my original sketch of the
story, but worked into it after I had seen
the actor [Robson], then new to London, in
the part of the Jew in a travesty of Shylock
which had just before made a sensation at
the Olympic."
Desperado the Dauntless, Sir,
figures in Albert Smith's ' Alhambra '
iq.v.). There is a Desperado, also, in H. J.
Byron's 'Beautiful Haid^e' (q.v.).
Desperate Adventures of the Baby
(The) ; or, A Wandering- Heir. An
extravaganza by C. H. Ross (q.v.) and A.
F. Freer, first performed at the Strand
Theatre, London, on December 14, 1878, with
M. Marius as Rajah Real Jam, and Misses
Yiolet Cameron and Lottie Venne in other
parts.
Desperate Game (A). (1) A comic
drama in one act, by J. Maddison Morton,
first performed at the Adelphi Theatre,
London, on April 9, 1853, by Miss Woolsar,
Keeley, and Leigh Murray. (2) A play
performed at San Francisco, U.S.A., in
April, 1887, with Miss Jetfrys Lewis as Zaire
Lnriot.
Desperate Love (A). A play by J. F.
Milliken and E. Morrison.— 'A Des-
perate Man : ' a play by Anson Pond.—
' Desperate Straits : ' a play by H. H.
Winslow. [All of these have been per-
formed in U.S.A.]. — 'Desperation :' a play
by George Roy and Bessie Reid, West
Bromwich, England, June, 1887.
Despite the "World. See Voltaire's
Wager.
Desprez, Frank. Dramatic writer;
author of ' B. B.' (1879), ' Brum ' (1880), ' On
Business ' (1880), and ' Metamoros ' (1889) ;
author, also, of the libretti of ' Madame
Angot ' (1875), ' Happy Hampstead ' (1876),
' After All ' (1878), ' Tita in Thibet ' (1879).
• In the Sulks ' (1880), ' Quite an Adventure '
(1881), 'Mock Turtles' (1881\ 'The Carp'
(1886), 'Mrs. Jarramie's Genie ' (1888), 'Delia'
(1889), ' Brother George ' (1892), etc ; co-
author, with H. S. Leigh and A. Murray,
of the libretto of 'Belle Lurette' (1883),
with Arnold Felix, of the libretto of 'A
Private Wire' (1883), and, with George
Dance, of the libretto of 'The Nautch Girl'
(1891).
Destiny. (1) A drama in four acts, by
Edward Towers, produced at the East
London Theatre on February 24, 1869. (2)
A comedy-drama in three acts, by W. F.
Ly'ON, produced at Richmond, Surrey, in
November, 1881. (3) The title of plays by
Barrett Sylvester and W. F. Sage, per-
formed in the United States.
Destouches. See Adelinda.
Destroyed by Drink. An adaptation .
by J. W. Lacy of Zola's ' L'Assommoir '
(q.v.), produced at the Queen's Theatre, '
Dublin, on August 25, 1879.
Destroying- Ang-el (The). A drama
in four acts, by F. A. Scudamore, produced
at the Brixton Theatre, London, March 1,
1897.
Destruction of Jerusalem (The).
A play by Thomas Legge, mentioned in
Kirkman's catalogue, 1661. (2) 'The De-
struction of Jerusalem by Titus Vespasian'
was a tragedy in two parts, by J. Crowne <
(q.v.), acted at the Theatre Royal, and
printed in 1677.
Destruction of Troy (The). A tra-
gedy by J. Banks (q.v.), acted at the Duke's
Theatre in 1678.
Destruction of the Bastille (The).
A drama in two acts, by Benjamin and F.
Webster, first performed at the Adelphi
Theatre, London, on Whit :\Ionday, 1844,
with B. Webster as Robespierre, and other
parts bv "O" Smith, P. Bedford, Wright,
Miss Woolgar, Mrs. Yates, and Mdnie.
Celeste ; performed at the Bowery Theatre,
New York, September, 1848, with N. B.
Clarke as Robespierre.
Desvallieres, Maurice. See BoR'
rowed.
Detchon, Adelaide. See Agnes.
I
DETECTIVE
DEVIL IS AN ASS
Detective (The). (1) A play adapted
by C. H. Hazlewood from the ' Leonard '
of Brisbarre and Nus, and first performed
at the Victoria Theatre, London, on July 20,
1863, "With Lydia Foote as Ben Moddleson, and
other parts by Miss Maria Daly, Frederic
Villiers, and George Yarnold. See Ticket-
of-Leave :Max. (2) A drama in four acts,
by Clement Scott and E. Man'uel, adapted
from 'Le Parricide,' and tirst performed at
;he Mirror Theatre, London, on ]Mav 29, 1875,
rtith F. H. Macklin, D. Fisher, F. W. Irish,
Miss Ernstone, etc., in the cast.
Deuce is in Her (The). A play by
J. J. Raymond (7. »;.)•
Deuce is in Him (The). A farce by
jEORGE Colman iq.v.), first acted at Drury
Jane in November, 1763, with King as
Prattle., O'Brien as CuU.nd Tamper, Miss
..'ope as Emihi, etc. " The first hint of this
liece -was taken from the episode of Lin-
lor in Marmontel's ' Tales.' "
Deux Aveug-les (Les). An operetta,
lusic by Offenbach, performed in England
.nder various titles, such as ' The Blind
ieggars,' ' Pity the Poor Blind,' and ' The
'wo Blinds.'
Deux Gosses (Les). See Two Little
AGABONDS.
Deux Journees (Les). See Escapes ;
R, The Water-carrier.
Deux' Orphelines (Les). See Blind
iSTEit, The ; and Two Orphans, The.
Deux Sourds (Les). See Old Goose-
err y.
Deux Timides (Les). A vaudeville
f Labiche, revived at the Gaiety Theatre,
ondon, on tlie afternoon of Februarv 4,
i86, with I\IM. Schey and :Marius,' AV.
erbert, Miss Kate Monroe, and Miss
elena Dacre in the cast.
Device (The ; or. The Marriage
flB.ce. A comic opera by Richards, per-
rmed at Covent Garden on May 5, 1777.
;) ' The Device ; or, The Deaf Doctor,' a
rce by F.. Pilon from the French, per-
rmed at Covent Garden in September,
.79, was afterwards played as ' The Deaf
)ver.'
Devil (The) figures prominently in the
\\ " mysteries " and " moralities." " The
aatment of the Devil," says A. W. Ward,
las signally varied at different times and
the hands of different writers ; but it has
rely altogether excluded those humorous
mients which the complexity of the prin-
)le of negation involves. They pervade
e part played by the Devil in the religious
ama, and taken over, beard and all, from
e miracles into the moralities and their
rivatives. In the English moralities
oper, the Devil is consistently charged
his_ own account with the conduct of the
position to the moral purpose or lesson
.lich the action of these compositions is
isigned to enforce " (' English Dramatic
[Serature '). See Vice, The.
Devil (The) figures in Foote's ' The
Devil upon Two Sticks' {q.v.), and is a
character in Ingeland's ' Disobedient Child '
(Sl.v.).
Devil and Dr. Faustus (The). A
play in three acts, by Leman Rede, with
Mrs. Keeley and Lacy in the title parts. See
Faustus.
Devil and his Dame (The). A play
by W. Houghton {q.v.), mentioned in
Henslowe's 'Diary' under date of March,
1600. See Grim, the Collier of Croy-
don.
Devil at Dowg-ate (The). See Wit
at Several Weapons.
Devil at the Elbow (The) ; or, Two
Mothers to One Child. A drama adapted
by C. H. Hazlewood from D'Ennery's
' Marie Jeanne,' Britannia Theatre, London,
August 3, 1874.
Devil Caresfoot. A play in four
acts, adapted by C. Haddon Chambers and
J. Stanley Little from Rider Haggard's
novel, ' Dawn ; ' first performed at the \ aude-
ville Theatre, London, July 12, 18s7, with C.
Charrington as George Caresfoot, Miss Janet
Achurch as Angela Caresfoot, and other
parts by Royce Carleton, Fuller Mellish,
Hamilton Knight, C.Dodsworth, Eric Lewis,
Miss Carlutta Addison, Miss F. Brough.and
Mrs. Carter ; revived at the Strand Theatre,
London, on August 6, 1S87, with same cast
as above, save that Miss Lottie Venne and
J. Tresahar were substituted for Miss F.
Brough and Hamilton Knight ; transferred
on August 13 to the Comedy Theatre.
Devil in London (The). A satirical
drama in three acts, by R. B. Peake {q.v.),
first performed at the Adelphi Theatre,
London, on Easter Monday, 1840, with Yates
as the Devil, P. Bedford as Mephistophelcs,
Honey as Asmodeus, and other parts by
Wright, Buckstone, Mrs. Keeley, etc.
Devil in Paris (The). A dramatic
farce, first performed at the Olympic The-
atre, New York, in February, 1845, with Miss
Mary Taylor in the title part.
Devil is an Ass (The). A comedy by
Ben Jonson, acted in 1616 by the King's
servants at Blackfriars, but not printed till
1631 ; revived at the Theatre Royal in 1682.
Among the characters are Satan, " the great
devU," and Pug, " the less devil." Pug
" obtains leave to come on earth, as he is
very desirous to do the commonwealth of
hell some service. Pug is made an ass of
on every possible occasion. He is at last
put into prison for stealing a suit of clothes.
Satan orders him to be carried off, as it
would be a disgrace to their state to have a
devil hanged " (Genest). The other personce
include Iniquity (the Vice), Fabian Fitz-
dottrel (a squire of Norfolk), Meercraft (a
projector), \Yittipol{d. young gallant). Engine
(a broker), Thomas Gilthead (a goldsmith'.
Sir Paul Eitherdde (a lawyer and justice)
and his wife. Shackles (keeper of Newgate),
DEVIL OF A DUKE
396
DEVIL'S LUCK
Lady Tailhush (a lady projector), and Pitfall
(her woman). "The writing," says Swin-
burne, "is admirable; the wealth of comic
matter is only too copious. ... On the
other hand, it is of all Ben Jonson's come-
dies since the date of 'Cynthia's Revels'
the most obsolete in subject of satire, the
most temporary in its allusions and appli-
cations" ('A Study of Ben Jonson'). See
Satan.
Devil of a Duke (The) ; or, Trappo-
lin's Vagraries. A ballad farce by R.
Drury, acted at Drury Lane in 1732.
Devil of a Lover (A). A musical farce
in two acts, words by :Mo\vbray and music by
T. Attwood ; first performed at Covent Garden
in March, 1798. "The plot was taken from
a German novel called ' The Sorcerer.' "
Devil of a Wife (The) ; or, A
Comical Transformation. A farce by
Thomas Jevcjx, founded on the story of
:Mopsa in Sidney's ' Arcadia ; ' acted at
the Theatre Royal in 1656, and revived at
Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1724. See Devil
TO Pay.
Devil on Two Sticks (The). A
romantic drama in two acts, fuumled by
R. B. Peake upon the romance by Le Sage,
and first performed at Drury Lane in Decem-
ber, 1836, with Wieland in the title part
{Asmodeus).
Devil to Pay (The) ; or, The Wives
Metamorphosed. A ballad farce by
Charles Coffey iq.v.), Mottley, and
Theophilus Cibber, based on Jevon's
' Devil of a Wife ' {q.v.), and first performed
at Drury Lane in August, 1731, with Miss
Raftor (afterwards Mrs. Olive) as Nell and
Cibber, jun., as Dungfork. " To the part of
Nell the great Mrs. Clive owed the rise of
her great reputation." An adaptation called
' The Basket-Maker's AVife ' was performed
at Niblo's Garden, New York, in December,
1852, with Hudson as Herman {Johson),
Mrs. :Maeder as the Countess, and Mdme,
Thillon as Lettij {Nell).
Devil upon Tvsro Sticks (The). A
comedy by Samuel Foote iq.v.), first acted
at the Haymarket in ?*Iay, 1768, with Foote
as the Devil. See Asmodeus, COUNTRY
Squire, and Last Squib.
Devil's Bridge (The). An operatic
romance in three acts, words by S. J.
Arnold, music by C. E. Horn and Braham ;
first performed at the Lyceum Theatre, Lon-
don, on May 6, 1812, with Braham, De Camp,
Mrs. Bland, and Miss Kelly.
Devil's Charter (The). A tragedy by
Barnaby Barnes, based on the story of
Pope Alexander VI., as told by Guicciar-
dini, who is himself one of the personce.
The play, which was performed before King
James I. at Christmas, 1606-7, owes some-
thing to Marlowe's 'Dr. Faustus.'
Devil's Daug-hter (The). See Tenta-
TION, La.
Devil's Daughters (The); or, Hell
upon Earth! A "magical operatical'*
burletta in three acts, by Edward Stir-
ling, first performed at the Victoria Theatre,.
London, on November 11, 1889. Among the
characters are Satan, the Misses Nick (his •
daughters), and Young Nick (his nephew)^
Cerberus, Beelzebub, Devil on Two Sticks,
Zamiel, Bottle Imp. On the following Mon-
day, November 17, was produced at the
Queen's Theatre ' The Devil's Daughter ; or»
Beelzebub's Belles,' by Lancaster.
Devil's Deputy (The). A comic opera,
words by J. Cheever Goodwin and music
by Edward Jakobowski, first performed at
Abbey's Theatre, New York, September 10,
1894.
Devil's Disciple (The). A play in
three acts, by George Bernard Shaw,
first acted at Harmanus Bleecker Hall,
Albany, New York, October 1, 1897, by
Richard Mansfield and his company; first
performed in New York City, at Fifth
Avenue Theatre, on October 4, 1897 ; first
performed in England at the Princess of
Wales's Theatre, Kennington, London, Sep-
tember 26, 1899, with a cast including ,
Murray Carson, Luigi Lablache, Miss Elsie
Chester, Miss Bessie Hatton.
Devil's Ducat (The) ; or, The Gift ,
of Mammon. A romantic drama in two .
acts, by Douglas Jerrold {q.v.), first per- :
formed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, in •
December, 1830, with " O." Smith as Mam-
mon, and other parts by Yates, Buckstone,
Mrs. Yates, etc.
Devil's Elixir (The); or, The
ShadoAvless Man. A musical romance
in tv/o acts, written by E. FiTZBALL {q.v.),
and performed at Covent Garden in April,
1829, with Keeley, " O." Smith, and Miss
Goward (Mrs. Keeley) in the cast.
Devil's House (The). A play in four
acts, by H. A. Kennedy, Theatre Royal,
Birmingham, June 15, 1900.
Devil's in It (The). A romantic drama
in three acts, founded by T. E. Wilks {q.v.)-
on a play by Scribe, and first performed at
the Princess's Theatre, London, in May,.
1843, with a cast including Higgle, W. Lacy, <
Wright, P. Bedford, A. Harris, Honner,.
and Miss E. Honner.
Devil's in the Wine CeUar (The).
See Walking Statue, The. •
Devil's Law Case (The); or, When
Women go to Law, the Devil is Full'
of Business. A tragi-comedy by John
Webster, printed in 1623, though written
(Fleay thinks) in 1610. "Such interest as
it possesses, apart from the excellence of
particular passages, lies chiefly in the con-
duct of a story of many folds and with
no very satisfactory ending" (Ward). See
Lamb's ' Specimens of the Dramatic Poets. .
Devil's Luck; or, The Man she
Loved. A drama in five acts, by LlLlf'
Tinsley and G. Conquest, Adelphi The-
atre, Liverpool, August, 1885 ; Surrey The-
atre, London, September 21, 1885.
I
DEVIL'S MINE
DIAMOND DEANE
Devil's Mine (The). A melodrama in
our acts, by Fked. Dahcy, first performed
n England at Grand Hall, Maidenhead,
ipril 25, 1891 ; Pavilion Theatre, London,
fuly 23, 1894.
Devil's Mount (The) ; or, The Fe-
aale Bluebeard. A romantic drama in
wo acts, adapted by T. Higgie (q.v.)irom
he French, and performed at tlie Queen's
'heatre, London, in May, 1847.
i Devil's Opera (The), with music by
'ir G. A. Macfarren {q.v.), was tirst per-
Drmed at the Lyceum Theatre, London,
^ugust 13, 1838, with a cast including
7ieland (as Diavoletto), Miss Rainforth,
liss Poole, Mrs. Seguin, Frazer, Seguin,
ad S. Jones. " The libretto, written by
ie composer's father, was meant as a
itire upon the taste for diablerie prevalent
t the time, and which had resulted in such
pera-books as ' Der Freyschiitz,' ' Robert le
'iable,' and others " (M. Williams).
Devil's Ringr (The); or,Fire, Water,
larth, and Air. A ' ' grand musical fairy
)mance, in three acts and four elements,"
ritten and composed by G. H. Rodwell,
id first performed at Drury Lane on April 1,
!50.
Devil's Violin (The). An extrava-
,inza in verse by Benjamin Webster {q.v.),
irst performed at the Adelphi Theatre, Lon-
bn, in May, 1849, with a cast including
0." Smith, P. Bedford, E. Wright, Miss
'oolgar, and Madame Celeste.
Devilish Good Joke (A). An inter-
de in one act, by T. HiGGlE(j.i'.), Victoria
leatre, London, 1848.
Devilshoof. A gipsy in Balfe's
Bohemian Girl' (jq.v.), and in the various
irlesques of that opera {q.v.).
Devlin, Mary. See Booth, Edwin.
Devonshire. A British lord in Middle-
iN'S ' Mayor of Queenborough ' {q.v.).
Devotion. (1) A drama by F. G. Cheat-
;tM, Sadler's Wells Theatre, London, March
1, 1870. (2) A drama, in a prologue and three
Its, by Mrs. S. Lane {q.v.), Britannia
leatre, London, March 14, 18S1. (3) A
s.y in four acts, by D. G. Boucicault
I).), founded on Lockroy and Badou's 'Un
lel sous Richelieu,' and first performed
the Court Theatre, London, on May 1,
34, with John ( lay ton, H. B. Conway,
M. Paget, ]Miss Ada Cavendish, Miss
•ttie Venne, and the author himself, in
3 cast.
Devotion and Prej udice. A comedy
ima by R. Brolgh {q.v.) and J. V.
UDGEMAN {q.v.\ Theatre Royal, Brighton,
ptember 7, 1874.
Dewar, Fred. Actor ; was the original
Dresentative of the following (and other)
■es:—Tunstall in 'Up at the Hills' (St.
mes's Theatre, London, 1860), Dr. Bland
' Friends or Foes ' (18^2), the Count in
ron's ' La 1 Sonnambula ' (Prince of
Wales's Theatre, 1865), John Blunt in ' War
to the Knife ' (1865), Tom Stylus in ' Society'
(1865), Major Blackshaw in 'A Hundred
Thousand Pounds ' (1366), Roland in ' Meg's
Diversions ' (Royalty Theatre, 1866), CajAain
Crosstree in Burnand's ' Black-Ey'd Susan '
(1866), Daddy Gray in A. Halliday's drama
(1868), Cotint Arnheim in 'The Merry
Zingara' (1868), the Marquis of Brute in
Burnand's 'Beast and the Beauty ' (1869),
Vanderdecken in W. Brough's ' Flying Dutch-
man ' (1869), Dr. Onion in ' Love's Doctor '
(1870), Bishopriggs in Collins's 'Man and
Wife' (Prince of Wales's, 1873), and Angus
Macalister in ' Engaged ' (Haymarket, 1877).
Dewhurst, J. Actor ; made his Lon-
don dihut at Drury Lane in September, 1871,
as Sir Brian de Bois Guilbert in ' Rebecca '
{q.v.). He was the first representative of
Douglas in Halliday's ' Lady of the Lake '
(1872), and was in the original cast of W. G.
Wills's ' Betrayed ' (1873). At the Princess's,
London, in 1884, he played the Ghost in
' Hamlet.'
Dexter, Tom, in T. Taylor's ' Overland
Route' {q.v.). (2) Dexter is a character in
Marston's ' Wife's Portrait' {q.v.).
Dey and the Knig-ht (The) was per-
formed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, in
October, 1838, with Collins in five characters.
Dhu, Roderick, figures in ' The Lady
of the Lake' {q.v.) and in 'The Knight of
Snowdoun' {q.v.).
Diables Noirs (Les). See Passion
and Self.
Diadeste. An opera, libretto by E. FiTZ-
BALL, music by M. W. Balfe ; produced at
Drury Lane, May 17, 1838.
Diamants de la Couronne (Les).
See Crown Diamonds.
Diamond Arrow (The). A comedietta
in one act, by W. T. Moncrieff {q.v.), per-
formed at the Olympic Theatre, Loudon.
\vith music by G. W. Reeve.
Diamond Breaker (The), by Scott
Marble and H. P. Taylor, was first per-
formed at Lawrence, Mass., December 26,
1892 ; first performed in New York at the
Windsor Theatre, February 13, 1893.
Diamond cut Diamond. (1) A
comedy in two acts, translated by Lady
Wallace from 'Guerre Ouverte, ou Ruse
Contre Ruse,' and printed in 1787. See
Midnight Hour. (2) ' Diamond cut Dia-
mond ; or, Venetian Revels : ' a musical piece
in two acts, first performed at Covent Gar-
den in May, 1797. (3) ' Diamond cut Dia-
mond:' a farce by W\ H. Murray, fir.st
performed at the Adelphi Theatre, Edin-
burgh, in 1838, with Murray as Irap and
Lloyd as Trick.
Diamond Deane. A play in four acts,
by Henry J. W. Dam (q.v.), first performed
at the Vaudeville Theatre, London, on March
18, 1891, with a cast including Miss Dorothy
Dorr, Miss Jessie Milhvard, T. Thorne, F.
Thorne, H. B. Conway, etc.
DIAMOND RING
398
DIBDIN
Diamond Ring- (A). A comedy-drama
by W. J. Wild, Queen's Theatre, Man-
chester, March 6, 1885.—' The Diamond
Ring ; or. Life in London : ' a drama by
Forbes Dawson, performed (for copyright
purposes) at Shepherd's Bush, London, May
14, 1892.
Diamond Rush (The). A play in five
acts, by G. D. Day and Sidney Bowkett,
first performed (for copyright purposes) at
Theatre Royal, Cambridge, February 6,1895.
Diamond Statue (The). A pantomime
by H. Spry, Britannia Theatre, London,
December 26, 1882.
Diamonds. A comedy in five acts, by
Bronson Howard (g.u.), first performed at
Daly's Theatre, New York, on September 3,
1872, with H. Crisp as Hamilton Wyckoff,
Charles Rockwell as Reddington, G. Clarke
as Percival Jarvis, W. Davidge as Dr.
Shuttleivorth, J. Lewis as Todd, W. J. Le
Moyne as Uncle Ned, Miss F. Davenport as
Nellie Wyckoff, Miss F. Morant as Cornelia
Vandycke, ^Nliss Clara Morris as Herminie,
Miss Sara Jewett as Mabel Wyckoff, Mrs.
Gilbert as the Todd.
Diamonds and Hearts. A comedy
adapted by Gilbert a Beckett {q.v.) from
Sardou's 'Nos Bons Villageois,' and first
performed at the Haymarket, .March 4, 1867,
with a cast including W. Chippendale, H.
Howe, W. Farren, Miss Nelly Moore, Miss
lone Burke.
Diamonduck. The princess in Reece's
' Ulf the Minstrel ' (g.r.).
Diana. A play by Sydney Rosen-
FELD, first performed at Manchester, N.H.,
U.S.A., in September, 1892.— Diana figures
in PLANCHfe'S ' Orpheus in the Haymarket'
{q.v.).
Diana, Donna. See Donna Diana.
Diane. A play in five acts, by James
Mortimer (g. v.), adapted from the 'Diane
dn Lys ' of Dumas fils (1853), and first per-
formed at Toole's Theatre, London, on Sep-
tember 9, 1882, with Miss Fanny Davenport
in the title role, Hermann Vezin as Count
du Lys, Eben Plympton as Paul Aubry, and
P. Day, H, Reeves Smith, E. Lyons, Miss
Eleanor Bufton, and Miss Sophie Eyre in
other parts.
Diaper. A character in Hodson's
♦ Adventures of a Night' (q-v.).
Diaphanta. A waiting - woman in
MiDDLETON's ' Changeling ' (q.v.).
Diarmid. A grand opera in four acts,
founded on heroic Celtic legends, written
by the Marquis of Lorne, composed by
Hamish M'Cunn, and produced at Covent
Garden, October 23, 1897.
Diary. Maid to Augusta in Andrews
and Reynolds' 'Better Late than Never'
{q.v.).
Diavoletto. A black slave who mas-
querades as the Devil in Macfarren's
•Devil'a Opera' ((7. i;.).
Diavolo. A play by Fred. G. Maeder,
first performed at Hudson, New York,
December 28, 1891.
Diavolo, Fra. See Era Diavolo and!
Young Fra Diavolo.
Dibble. A coxcomb in Cumberland's
' Choleric Man' {q.v.).
Dibbles, Tom. A character in Buck-
stone's ' Good for Nothing' (q.v.).
Dibdin, Charles. Actor, vocalist.
dramatic writer, and musical composer, bori:
1745, died 1814 ; was intended for the
Church, but early developed a love of music
and a capacity for singing and composing.
In 1762 he made his public debut as actoi
and vocalist at Richmond, going thence tc^
Birmingham, and afterwards to Covent Gar,
den, where he was encouraged to write foi
the stage, and where his first dramatic and
musical work, 'The Shepherd's Artifice,
was performed in 1764. In this piece h(
enacted Strephon. In the f oUoAving year h(
was the original Ralph in ' The Maid of th(
Mill,' and the first Young Cockney in 'Lov(.
in the City ' {q.v.). In 1768 he went to Drurj
Lane, where he was the original Mungo ir
' The Padlock ' {q.v.). In 1769 he began tc
compose for Ranelagh, and in 1772 to writi
and compose for Sadler's Wells. Later hi
acted as composer to Covent Garden The
atre for two seasons; and for two seasons
1782-3, he was manager of the newly-erectec
Royal Circus, for which he wrote freely. In;
1787-8 he gave, in the provinces, the first o
his " entertainments," afterwards describee,
in ' The Musical Tour of Mr. Dibdin.' Th.
second was started in 1789 in King Street i
Covent Garden, under the name of 'Th(
Whim of the Moment ; ' the third, caUec^
' The Oddities,' was located at the Lyceum,
where he sang for the first time his famou.
song, 'Tom Bowling.' Thence he movei
successively to a room ("Sans Souci")_ii
the Strand, and to a small theatre whicl
he built in Leicester Place (1796-1805).^ Ii
the last-named year his public career virtu
ally ended. The following are some of th.
dramatic pieces of which he was botl.
author and composer :— ' The Ladle' (1772),
'The Grenadier' (1773), 'The Waterman
(1774), 'The Cobler' (1774), 'The Quaker
(1775); 'The Seraglio,' 'The Fortune Hunter
and ' All's not Gold that Glitters ' (1776)
'Poor Vulcan,' 'Rose and Colin,' 'Annett
and Lubin,' and 'The Milkmaid' (1778)
' The Chelsea Pensioner,' ' The Mirror,' an
' The Touchstone ' (1779) ; ' The Shepherdes
of the Alps' and 'The Islanders' (1780)
'Jupiter and Alcmena' (1781), 'None s
Blind as those who won't See ' (1782) ; ' Tli
Benevolent Tar' and 'The Lancashir
Witches' (1783 and 1784); 'Liberty Hall
(1785), ' Harvest Home ' (1787), and ' Hanna
Hewett' (1798). Dibdin also wrote 'Th
Gipsies' {q.v.), for which Dr. Arnold con;
posed the music. He himself provided musr
for ' Love in the City,' ' Damon and Philhda
' Lionel and Clarissa,' ' The Padlock,' 'Th.
Recruiting Sergeant,' ' The Wedding Rmg
DIBDIN
DICK WHITTINGTON
etc. His 'History of the Stage' appeared
in 1795, and his account of his ' Professional
Life ' in 1803. A ' Brief Memoir ' of him, by
Dr. Kitchener, was published in 1S23 ; see
also the memoir by George Hogarth pre-
fixed to the 1842 edition of Dibdin's ' Songs,'
' Biographia Dramatica ' (1812), ' Dictionary
of Music and Musicians ' (1879).
Dibdin, Charles Isaac Mung-o.
Dramatic and miscellaneous ^vriter, born
1768, died 1833 ; illegitimate son of Charles
Dibdin (q.v.) ; for some years a proprietor
and the acting manager of Sadler's Wells
Theatre, for which he wrote the following
(and other) pieces :—'Claudine,' burletta
(1801), 'The Great Devil,' spectacle (1801),
'Barbara Allen,' 'The Farmer's Wife,'
' Goody Two-Shoes,' and ' The Old Man of
the Mountains.' He was also the author
of 'A History of the London Theatres'
(1826).
Dibdin, Thomas John. Actor, the-
atrical manager, and dramatic writer, born
1771, died 18-11 ; illegitimate son of Charles
Dibdin ; was apprenticed to an upholsterer,
but in 1789 made his debut as an actor at
Eastbourne under the assumed name of
"Merchant." Experience in the provinces
followed, and then came in 1794 the be-
ginning of an engagement at Sadler's Wells,
in the latter part of which he was prompter
and joint stage-manager. In 1799 he went
to Covent Garden, with which he was
connected, mainly as dramatic writer, for
several years. He was afterwards manager
successively at the Surrey Theatre, Drury
Lane, the Surrey again (1816-1822), and the
Haymarket. The following are among the
more notable of his stage productions (all
of which see) : — ' Alonzo and Imogine,' ' The
Birthday,' ' Blindman's Buff,' '11 Bondu-
cani,' ' The Cabinet,' ' The Jew and the
Doctor,' ' The Lady of the Lake,' ' The Mad
Guardian,' ' Mother Goose,' ' The Mouth of
the Nile,' 'Nelson's Glory,' 'Of Age To-
morrow,' ' Sadak and Kalasrade,' ' The
School for Prejudice,' ' Valentine and Orson,'
' The WiU for the Deed.' In 1793 Dibdin
married Miss Nancy Hilliar, who made her
debut at Covent Garden in 1799. See T. J.
Dibdin's ' Reminiscences' (1827).
Dice of Death (The). A romantic
drama in three acts, by John Oxenford
(q.v.), produced (with music by E. J. Loder)
at the Lyceum Theatre, London, in June,
1836, with "O." Smith as Mephistopheles,
and other parts by Serle, Bland, Tilbury,
and Miss P. Horton.
Dick. A comic opera in two acts, libretto
by Alfred Murray, music by Edward
Jakobowski, firso performed at the Globe
Theatre, London, on April 17, 1884, with
Mdlle. Camille Dubois in the title part.
Miss Ethel Pierson as Alice, Miss Gladys
Homfrey as Princess Badoura, Miss Hetty
Chapman as Edgar, J. L. Shine as Alder-
man Fitzwarren, F. H. Laye as Blobbs, C.
Lyall as Jack Jorldns, and C. Cart^vright as
the Emperor of Morocco ; transferred suc-
cessively to the Gaiety and Empire The-
atres ; played in the English provinces in
1884, with Miss Ethel Pierson in her original
part, Miss Fannie Leslie as Dick, and Wilfrid
Shine as the Alderman.
Dick. The "apprentice" in Murphy's
play of that name {q.v.).
Dick, Cotsford. Playwright and mu-
sician ; is the author of the following dra-
matic pieces :— ' Dr. D.' (1885), ' The Waif,"
an adaptation (1892), ' The Baroness ' (1892),
' Marriage h la Mode ' (1895), ' The New
Husband ' (1895). ' The Great Comet ' (1896).
He also wrote the music for ' Dr. D.' and
'The Baroness,' as well as for ' Our Doll's
House '(2.t;.) (1877).
Dick Sheridan. A comedy in four acts,
by Robert Buchanan {q.v.), first performed
at the Comedy Theatre, London, on Feb-
ruary 3, 1394, with H. B. Irving as Richard
Brinsley Sheridan, Lews Waller as Captain
Matthews, Brandon Thomas as Dr. Jonathan
O'Leary, Cyril Maude as Lord Dazzleton, E.
Maurice as Jf?-. Linley, Sidney Brough as
Sir Harry Chase, W. Dennis as David
Garrick, F. M. Paget as Mr. Wade (M.C.
at Bath), J. Byron as Abednego (a money-
lender). Miss Vane as Lady Miller, Miss
L. Ashwell as Lady Pamela Stirrup, Miss
Winifred Emery as Elizabeth Linley, and
Miss Pattie Browne as Mrs. Lappet (her
maid). See Sheridan.
Dick Swiveller. A drama in four
acts, by Charles Rennell, Theatre Royal,
Brighton, December 5, 1870.
Dick Turpin and Tom King-, The
Adventiires of. A serio-comic drama by
W. E. SUTER {q.v.), in which Miss Ada
Rehan appeared in America as Mary Watsoii.
(2) ' Richard Turpin and Tom King : ' a play
by Morris Barnett {q.v.). (3) 'Bold Dick
Turpin : ' an operetta, music by Henry Leslie,
libretto by J. Palgrave Simpson {q.v.), first
performed at the St. James's Theatre, Lon-
don, on May 17, 1878. (4) ' Dick Turpm : '
by H. Grattan Donnelly, Tivoli Theatre,
San Francisco, Cal., July 9, 1894.
Dick Venables. A drama in four acts,
by ARTHUR Law {q.v.), first performed at
the Shaftesbury Theatre, London, on April
5, 1890, with E. S. Willard in the title part,
and other roles by Arthur Elwood, H. V.
Esmond, Alfred Bishop, E. W. Garden, H.
Cane, Mrs. Canninge, Miss Annie Rose, and
Miss Olga Brandon ; produced at the Queen's
Theatre, Montreal, Canada, on August 8,
1892 ; performed under the title of ' Dart-
moor' at Wilmington, Del., U.S.A., on Octo-
ber 14, 1892.
Dick Whittingrton and his Cat.
This famous nursery story has been made
the basis of numerous pantomimes ; e.g.
(1) by Harry Lemon, Crystal Palace, De-
cember, 1869 ; (2) by Frank W. Green,
Surrey Theatre, London, December, 1877 ;
(3) by George Conquest and H. Spry,
Surrey Theatre, London, December, 1889 ;
(4) by Geoffrey Thorn, Pavilion Theatre,
DICK WILDER
400 DID NOT THE HEAVENLY, ETC.
London, December, 1889 ; (5) by Horace
Lennard, Olympic Theatre, London, Decem-
ber, 1892 ; (6) by WiLTON JONES and A.
Melville, Standard Theatre, London, De-
cember, 1893 ; (7) by AUGUSTUS Harris,
€ecil Raleigh, and Henry Hamilton,
Drury Lane Theatre, December, 1894 ; (8)
by H. F. M'Lelland, Elephant and Castle
Theatre, London, December, 1894 ; (9) by
Leslie Moreton, Parkhurst Theatre, Hol-
loway, London, December, 1895 ; (10) by
Victor Stevens, Theatre Royal, Richmond,
December, 1895 ; (11) by E. C. Matthkavs
and H. T. Johnson, Grand, Fulham, Decem-
"ber, 1898.— A burlesque on this subject, by
James Horner, was produced at Walsall in
June, 1884. See Dandy Dick Whittington,
Dick, and Whittington Junior.
Dick "Wilder. A play in four acts, by
Mrs. MuSGRAVE (g.u.), first performed at
the Vaudeville Theatre, London, on June
20, 1891, with H. B. Conway in the title part,
and other rOles by F. Thorne. F. Grove,
Miss Dorothy Dorr, Miss A. Dairolles, etc.
Dick's Body. A character in Rose's
* Vice Versa' {q-v.).
Dickens, Charles. Novelist and mis-
cellaneous writer, born 1812, died 1870 ; was
the author of the following dramatic pieces
(all of which see):— 'The Strange Gentle-
man ' (1836), ' The Village Coquettes ' (1836),
' Is She his Wife ? or. Something Singular ! '
<1837), and an unacted piece called 'The
Lamplighter' (1879). He also collaborated
with ;Mark Lemon in a stage version of
'Mr. Nightingale's Diary' (</.i'.) and with
Wilkie Collins in a dramatization of 'No
Thoroughfare' (q.v.). For references to
other dramatization of Dickens's novels
see the notices, elsewhere in this volume,
of 'The Battle of Life,' 'Bleak House,'
' Boots at the Holly Tree Inn,' ' The Chimes,'
* The Christmas Carol,' ' The Cricket on the
Hearth,' ' David Copperfield,' ' Dombey and
Son,' 'Great Expectations,' 'The Haunted
Man,' 'Little Dorrit,' 'Martin Chuzzlewit,'
"• Nicholas Nickleby,' 'The Old Curiosity
Shop,' 'Oliver Twist,' 'The Pickwick Papers,'
* A Tale of Two Cities.' In Dickens's pub-
lished Letters are numerous evidences of
the keen interest he took both in the drama
and in the acting of his time. Kate Field
says in her ' Life of Fechter ' that Dickens
rewrote the version of ' Belphegor ' in which
the Anglo-French actor appeared in London
in 1865. He also contributed an article on
Fechter to the Atlantic Monthly for 1870.
He wrote the prologue for Westland I\Iar-
ston's 'Patrician's Daughter' (1842). It is
well known that "early in life he had
seriously contemplated the stage as a pro-
fession, and had even solicited an engage-
ment at Co vent Garden Theatre." Later he
gained much fame as an amateur actor in
performances given publicly for charitable
purposes. His assumptions \uc\videA— Alfred
Highflyer in 'A Bolandfor an Oliver,' JM
Snobbington in ' Past Two o'Clock in the
Morning,' and Galloj) in 'Deaf as a Post'
;,(Montreal, 1842), Captain Bobadil in ' Every
Man in his Humour' (INlan Chester, July,
18i7), Flexible in 'Love, Law, and Physic'
(Haymarket Theatre, May, 1848), Jxistice
Shallow in 'The Merry Wives of 'Windsor'
(London, April, 1848), Sir Charles Cold-
stream in 'Used Up,' Lord Wilmot in
Lytton's ' Not so Bad as we Seem,' and 3Ir.
Gabblewig in 'Mr. Nightingale's Diary'
(Hanover Square Rooms, June, 1851), Aaron
Gurnock in ' The Lighthouse ' (Campden
House, Kensington, July, 1855), smd liichard
Wardour in ' The Frozen Deep ' (Gallery of
Illustration, London, 1857). See ' Plays and
Poems of Charles Dickens,' edited "by R.
H. Shepherd, Home's ' Recollections,' Mor-
ley's ' London Playgoer,' Forster's ' Life of
Dickens,' INIrs. Cowden Clarke's 'Recollec-
tions of Writers,' Pemberton's ' Dickens
and the Stage,' Bentley's Miscellany for
June, 1851, Macmillan's Magaziiie for Jan-
uary, 1871, Longman's Magazine for May,
1883, the Theatre magazine for April, 1885.
Dickens, Mary. Actress ; grand-
daughter of Charles Dickens ; was the ori-
ginal representative of Hera in ' Claudian '
(1883), of Cecilia in Jones's ' Chatterton '
(1884), of the femaleslave in Lytton's 'Junius'
(1885), and of Nelly in ' Tlie Colour-Ser-
geant' (1885). She was also seen as the
Player Queen in ' Hamlet ' (Princess's The-
atre, London, 1884), and as Madeline in ' The
King of the Commons' (Royalty Theatre,
1886).
Dickey, in Farquhar's * Constant
Couple ; or, A Trip to tlie Jubilee,' was a
favourite part of Henry Norris's (q.v.), and
one from which he obtained the nickname
of "Jubilee Dickey."
Dickinson, Anna, appeared as Hamlet,
for the first time in New York, on March
20, 1882.
Dickinson, Charles H. See Court
OF Honour.
Dickinson, Isabel. Actress ; best
known for her Claude Melnotte, Sir Charles
Coldstream, and Tom Curry (in 'The Eton
Boy ') ; made her debiit in America in
October, 1848, at Niblo's Theatre, New York,
in the first-named character. "She was a
tall masculine woman, with a good stage
presence."
Dickons, Mrs. Actress and vocalist,
died 1833 ; appeared at Covent Garden in
1793 as Ophelia. She afterwards figured at
the King's Theatre as the Countess in 'Le
Nozze di Figaro,' and was heard also at
Drury Lane. In 1818 at Covent Garden she
represented Hosina in Bishop's adaptation
of 'The Barber of Seville.'
Dickory. A character in W. T. MoN-
CRIEFF'S ' The Spectre Bridegroom ' (q.v.).
Did I Dream it ? A farce by J. P
WOOLER (q.v.).
"Did not the heavenly rhetoric
of thine eye."— 'Love's Labour's Lost,'
act iv. sc. 3,
DID YOU EVER SEND, ETC.
401
DIGGES
Did you ever Send your "Wife to
amberwell? A farce by J. Stirling
OYNE {'1-v.), produced at the Adelphi
iheatre, London, in March, 1846, with Ed-
ard Wright, "O." Smith, Miss Woolgar,
'id Mrs. F. Matthews in the cast.
Did you Ring* ? A farcical operetta
one act, libretto by J. W. Houghton
id J. W. Mabson, music by Landon
onald, Prince of Wales's Theatre, London,
me 27, 1892.
Diddear, Charles Bannister. Actor,
>rn 1801, died 1859; made his London
but at Covent Garden in December, 1827,
Polixenes in ' The Winter"s Tale.'
Diddear, Miss. See Faucit, Mrs.
Diddler, Jeremy. An ingenious
indler in Kenney's 'Raising the Wind'
v.). See Jeremy Diddler.
Diderot. See Narcisse.
Didier, Henri. The lover of Julifi
mrques in E. Stirling's * Courier of
ons' iq.v.). — Nanette Didier is the
roine of ' The Milliner to the King' {,q.v.).
jDidier, Marie. See Ragpicker of
f.RIS.
JDido. Queen of Carthage, and the
jroine of many dramatic pieces :— (1) ' Tlie
iigedie of Dido, Queene of Carthage, played
tlie chUdren of Her Maiesties Chappell.
dtten by Christopher I>Iaulo\ve and
!:OMAS Nash,' and printed in 1594. (2)
ido and ^neas:' a play acted by the
id Admiral's servants in 1597, and pro-
3ly identical with the foregoing. (3)
ido and ^Eneas ; ' an opera in three acts,
jretto by T. D'Uri-ey and Nahum Tate,
j sic by Henry Furcell, founded on Virgil's
lilneid,' and tirst performed in 1680
:iMr. Josias Priest's boarding-school at
(jlsea by "young gentlewomen ; " revived,
(ithe occasion of the Purcell Bicentenary,
tithe afternoon of November 20, 1895, at
\ Lyceum, London, by students of the
Ijyal College of Music. (4) ' Dido and
-jieas:' a dramatic masque, written by
Jrton Booth, with music by Dr. Arue, and
Kformedat the Haymarket in 1734, with
Xj!s Arne as Dido and Master Arne as Cupid.
{'•Dido:' a tragedy by Joseph Reed,
aiid at Drury Lane in 1767, with Mrs. Yates
&]Dido and Powell as ^Eneas ; revived in
1^ at Drury Lane as ' The Queen of Car-
tage,' with Mrs. Siddons as Dido. (6)
Vdo : ' a comic opera by Thomas Bridges,
aiid at the Haymarket in July, 1771.
C ' Dido, Queen of Cartha<;e : ' an opera
fjQ Metastatio, libretto by Prince Hoare,
niic by Storace, tirst performed at the
i'market in INIay, 1792, with :\ldme. Mara
a 9ido. (8) ' Dido : ' an opera translated
hi Metastasio by John Hoole, and
Pited in 1800. (9) ' Dido : ' a burlesque
D'<\ C. BUUNAND {q.v.\ first performed at
tt St. James's Theatre, London, on Feb-
riT 11, 1860, with Charles Young in the
ti: part, Miss Clara St. Casse as Ai,neas,
a: Miss Wyudham as Anna. "Entirely '
b
re-written," this piece was revived at the
Royalty Theatre, London, on November 8
1865, with Bentley in the title part, Miss
Fanny Reeves as JEneas, Miss Lydia Mait-
land as larbas (one of Dido's suitors), etc.
Dieg-o. (1) The sexton in Beaumont and
Fletcher's 'Spanish Curate' (q v.). (2)
Friend to Louis de Castro in Middleton's
' Spanish Gipsy ' (q.v.). (3) An elderly lover
in Bickerstaff's 'Padlock' (q.v.).— Diego
is the name of characters in Tuke's ' Adven-
tures of Five Hours' (q.v.) and Kotzebue's
' The Virgin of the Sun.'
Dietrichstein, Leo. Actor and play-
wright ; made his New York d<^but in the
former capacity at the Garden Theatre in
September, 1893. He is co-author, with
Clyde Fitch (q. v.), of * A Superfluous Hus-
band ' and ' Gossip.'
Dietz, Linda. Actress ; born in New-
York, where she made her professional
debut in 1870, at the old Fifth Avenue The-
atre, as Georgette in ' Fernande,' Her first
appearance in England took place at the
Haymarket Theatre in August, 1873, as
Caroline Dormer in 'The Heir-at-Law' and
Mrs. Fcatherly in ' The Widow Hunt.' After
this came engagements at the Holborn and
Globe Theatres, London, and a tour with
E. A. Sothern through the English provinces
and America. Subsequently Miss Dietz.
played at the Union Square Theatre, New
York, Marcelle in ' Mother and Son,' an
adaptation of ' Les Bourgeois de Pontarcy,'
afterwards figuring at the Prince of Wales's
Theatre, London (September, 1S79), in the
same character in ' Duty ' (q.v.), James
Albery's adaptation of the same original.
In 1880 she enacted at the Haymarket
Lydia Langtdsh in ' The Rivals,' Georgina
Ve.sey in 'Money' (q.v.), and Lady Flora
Flowerdew in 'Leap Year' (q.v.)\ also, at
the St. James's, Miss Somers in ' Good
Fortune.' In 1882 she was the original
Mrs. MacDonald in B. C. Stephenson's
' Impulse ' at the St. James's, where, in
1885, she was seen as Celia in a revival of
' As You Like It.' Miss Dietz is the author
of a comedietta called ' Lessons in Har-
mony' (1875), and of an adaptation entitled
'A Wild Love' (q.v.), in which she appeared
in 1881 at many provincial centres in Eng-
land.
Dieu (Le) et la Bayadere. See Un-
known AND THE Bayadere.
Different Widows ; or, Intrig-ue
a-la-Mode. A comedy performed at Lin-
coln's Inn Fields in 1703, with Mrs. Lawson
and Mrs. Leigh in the title characters—
Lady Gayiove and Lady Bellmont.
Dig-grery. A stage-struck servant in
Jackman's ' All the World's a Stage' (q.v.).
Digrg-es, Stephen. See Stephen
DiGGES.
Dig-g-es, "West. Actor, born 1720,
died 1786 ; after experience at Dublin and
Edinburgh (1749-1764)— at which latter
2 D
DIG GORY
402
DIMOND
place he was the original Young Norval in
' Douglas ' {q.v.) — appeared at the Hay-
market (1777-1781) as Macbeth, King Lear,
Shylock, Wolsey, Cato, Caratach (in ' Bon-
duca'), Sir John Brute, Lord Townley, Major
Oakley, etc. He afterwards acted in Ireland
till 1784, when he was incapacitated by
paralysis. O'Keefe says that his Norval,
Wolsey, Macheath, and Hearty (in 'The
Jovial Crew') were "most capital;" "he
had a noble presence, a fine figure, large
and manly." See Genest, Hitchcock's ' Irish
Stage,' and Jackson's ' Scottish Stage.'
Digrgory. Butler to the Hardcastles
in Goldsmith's 'She Stoops to Conquer'
(q.v.).
Dignum, Charles. Actor and vocalist,
born 1765, died 1827 ; was taught singing
by Samuel Webbe and Thomas Linley, and
made his professional debut at Drury Lane
in 1784 as Young Meadoivs in ' Love in a
Village' (q.v.). In 1796 he was the original
Crop in Storace's ' No Song, no Supper.'
Dilke, Thomas. Author of 'The
Lover's Luck ' (1696), ' The City Lady ' (1697),
and ' The Pretenders ' (1698), all of which
Dilley, Joseph J. Dramatic writer,
born 1838; author of 'A Sleeping Hare'
(1868), 'Illusions' (1870), ' Auld Acquaint-
ance'(1878), 'A Highland Fling' (1879), 'A
Glimpse of Paradise ' (1887) ; also, part-
author, with James Albery, of ' The Mate
of the Mountjoy' (q.v.), 'Alexander the
Great,' and ' Chiselling ; ' part-author, with i
Lewis Clifton Lyne (q.v.), of ' Summoned
to Court ' (1880), ' A Military Manoeuvre '
(1880), 'Tom Pinch' (1881), and 'Marjorie'
(1889) ; and part-author, with Mary Rowsell,
of ' Whips of Steel ' (1839) and ' Richard's
Play' (1889).
Dillon, Charles. Actor, bom at Diss,
Norfolk, 1819; died June, 1881. Both of
his parents were in the profession, and
his mother played "leading business" in
country theatres with such " stars " as
Edmund Kean and Macready. Charles Dil-
lon is said to have begun life at fifteen
years of age, as stage-manager and per-
former of juvenile roles under John Douglass
in London. After this came an engagement
to play small parts at the Surrey under
Davidge (q.v.). His first appearance in the
metropolis as an adult was as Hamlet at the
City of London Theatre in 1S40. A long
provincial novitiate ensued, in the course of
which he was in management at Sheffield.
In April, 1856, he figured at Sadler's Wells
as Belphegor, and in the foUomng Septem-
ber he began a lesseeship of the Lyceum
Theatre which lasted till April, 1857. Dur-
ing that period he was seen successively as
Belpheqor, Claude Mflnotte, 'The Cavalier,'
Fabian, Othello, WilliamTell, Sangfroid, 'The
Cagot,' Virginius, Hamlet, Don Caesar de
Bazan, Don Felix in ' The Wonder,' and
Richelieu; he was also the original repre-
sentative of D'Artagnan in the version of
' The Tliree INIusketeers ' (q.v.) done by him-
self, Charles Rice, and Augustus Harris, an^
of Lord Revesdnle in Westland Marston's ' ^
Life's Ransom ' (q.v.). He next appeared a
Drury Lane, but in 1858 was again lessee c
the Lyceum, figuring as Rover in 'Wil
Oats,' lago, Macbeth, and Louis XI., an
adding to his original assumptions thos
of Captain de la Rousse in Leigh Hunt
' Lovers' Amazement ' (q.v.) and Reuben Eo
in Westland Marston's ' A Hard Struggle
(q.v.). In 1860 Dillon was once more i
London, appearing at Drury Lane as Williai
Tell. After this came tours in the province
and round the world, followed by a Londo
rentrie in February, 1868, at Sadler's Well
where he played Lear and other Shak
spearean parts. In 1869 he was at Dnii
Lane, appearing as Jean Valjean in 'Tl
Man of Two Lives ' (q.v.). In August, 187:
he was Manfred in a revival of Lord Byron
drama at the Princess's Theatre. His ne:
Metropolitan engagement was at Drury Lai
in September, 1878, when he was Leontes i
a revival of 'The Winter's Tale.' He wj
last seen in London on December 7, 187
when he enacted Belphegor for his ' ' benefit
He is credited with the authorship of a plf
called ' Stricken Down,' produced in 187
" Mr. Charles Dillon," writes Westlai
Marston, "was an actor of great emotion
gifts, but very deficient in intellectual ont
So long as he was under the impulse '.
feelings, gay or grave, he could act wi
great power, force, and delicacy. , . .
characters of manly pathos that did not c;
for refinement, Dillon had few superio:
In comedy he showed great animal spiri
and a keen sense of fun. . . . Somethir
indeed, of the provincial actor clung to h
even in his best days. His happiest effo
were at times marred by his want of bearii
and by the grandiosity which was his sv
stitution for it " (' Our Recent Actors,
See Morley's 'Journal of a Playgoer,' t'
Era for June, 1881, and Pascoe's 'Dj
matic List' (1880).— :Mrs. Charles Dill'
(Clara Conquest) died in July, 1888. ^:
had been seen in London, with her husba:,
as Madeline in 'Belphegor,' Desdemo:
Virginia, etc. (1856-7). — Clara DilD(
daughter of Charles Dillon, died in Fj-
ruary, 1893. She was the author of th'>
plays— 'A Fight for Life,' 'The Hun,'
Tiger,' and, with E. Ranier, 'The Sil..
Foe.'
Dime Novel (The). A play by Ai.
GUNTER, performed in U.S.A.
Dimity. Maid to Mrs. Drugget i i
Murphy's 'Three Weeks after Marrial
(q.v.).
Dim.ity's Dilem.ma. A farce by S.' ••
COLM C. Salaman (q.v.), first performec t
the Gaiety Theatre, London, February',
1887.
Dimmesdale, Arthur. See Scak t
Letter.
Dimond, "William. Dramatic wri j
son of a theatrical manager at Bath A
Bristol; author of ' The' Seaside St.'
I
DIMPLE
403
DIPLUXACY
(1801), ' The Hero of the North ' (1803), ' The
Hunter of the Alps ' (1804), ' Youth, Love,
and Folly' (1805), 'Adrian and Orrila '
;;1806), 'The Young Hussar' (1807), 'The
Foundling of the Forest' (1809), 'The
Broken Sword,' ' The Lady anil the Devil,'
Stage Struck,' etc. Hazlitt said of Dimond's
joroductions that they had "so strong a
•'amily likeness that, from having seen any
imeof them, we may form a tolerable correct
dea of the rest. . . . The author does not
profess to provide a public entertainment
.t his own entire expense, and from his
nvn proper funds, but contracts with the
nanagers to get up a striking and impres-
ive exhibition in conjunction with the
cene-painter, the scene-shifter, the musical
omposer, the orchestra, the chorusses on
he stage, and the lungs of the actors !"
; Dimple, Dorothy, in Raymond's
.Balance of Comfort' (q.v.). There is a
)avid Dimple in Buckstone's ' Leap Year '
I.V.).
Dimples. A play by H. P. Taylor,
erformed in U.S.A.
Din, Dam.e. Wife of Booze {q.v.) in
.NDREWb' ' Belphegor ' (fl-v.).
Dingr-dong:. The king in Mortimer's,
id also in JiURNAND's, ' White Fawn ' {q.v.).
Ding-, Dong-, Bell. A pantomime bv
ELSO.N Lee {q.v.), produced at the City o"f
ondon Theatre at Christmas, 1866. The
ist included Miss Constance Loseby.
Dinmont, Dandie, in the adaptations
' Guy Mannering' {q.v.).
Dinner for Nothing-.
CHELTiNAM {q.V.).
A farce by C.
Dinner for Two- A comedietta in
le act, by R. C. Carton, Theatre Royal,
-•ighton, March 9, 1893.
jDinorah. An opera, music by Meyer-
her, first performed, with English libretto
!' Henry Chorley, at Covent Garden, in
itober, 1859, with W. Harrison as Corentino,
.ntley as Uoel, St. Albyn as Claude, H.
irri as Louis the Hunter, and Miss Louisa
ne as Dinorah.—A. burlesque of this per-
rmance, written by William Brough,
d entitled 'Dinorah under Difficulties,'
i3 produced in November of the same
ar at the Adelphi Theatre, with J. L.
oleas 3/r. Topsawyer, a country manager,
10, in the absence of his prima donna, has
play Dinorah himself, with Paul Bedford
his Hoel, Miss Kate Kelly as his Coren-
0, C. J. Smith as his prompter, and so
•th.
Dioclesian, Emperor of Rome, figures
Massinger's ' Virgin Martyr' iq.v.). See
ophetess. The.
Diogenes and his Lantern ; or, A
lie and Cry after Honesty. An
ngmal, classical, mythical, musical, sa-
*^al, political, comical, gnomical, and
itico-economical" extravaganza, in seven
scenes, by Tom Taylor {q.v.), first performed
at the Strand Theatre, London, on December
26, 1849, with P. Emery as Diogenes, Leigh
Murray as Jupiter, W. Farren, jun., as
Mars, Mrs. Leigh Murray as Apollo, Mrs.
Stirling as Minerva, Miss Rebecca Isaacs as
Venus, Miss Isabel Adams as Ceres, etc.
Edward FitzGerald wrote of the piece :
"'Diogenes' has very good Aristophanic
points in it, but its action was rather slow,
I thought."
Diplomacy. A play in five acts, bv
Clement Scott (g.tj.) and B.C. Stephenson
{q.v.), adapted from Sardou's 'Dora,' and
first performed at the Prince of Wales's
Theatre, London, on January 12, 1878, with
Mrs. Bancroft as the Countess Zicka, Mrs.
Kendal as Dora, Miss Le Thiere as the
Marquise de Rio Zares, W. H. Kendal as
Julian Beauclerc, S. B. Bancroft as Coimt
Orloff, J. Clayton as Henry Beauclerc, A.
Cecil as Baron Stein, H. Kemble as Algie
Fairfax; played in the English provinces
in 1878, with Mrs. Kendal, W. H. Kendal,
INIiss Kate Pattison (Zicka), II. R. Teesdale
{Henry Beauclerc), A. Elwood {Orlof), and
W. Mackintosh {Stein) in the principal parts
[Miss Amy Roselle, Miss Sophie Young, H.
B. Conway, and J. Forbes-Robertson ap-
pearing meanwhile at the Haymarket as
Dora, Zicka, Julian, a,nd Oriq/f respectively,
and the last-named actor succeeding later
to the role of Julian], and also by a com-
pany including Miss Carlisle {Dora), J. D,
J3everidge {Julian Beauclerc), J. H. Barnes
{Henry Beauclerc), and Mrs. W. Sidney (the
Marquise) ; played in 1878 in the United
States, with H. J. Montague as Julian Beau-
clerc and Miss Maud Granger as Dora; re-
vived at the Haymarket on November 8, 1884,
with S. B. Bancroft as Henry Beauclerc,
Forbes-Robertson as Julian Beauclerc, Mau-
rice Barrymore as Count Orloff, C. Brookfield
as Baron Stein, Mrs. Bancroft* as Lady Henry
Fairfax, Miss Le Thiere as the Marqicise,
:Mrs. Bernard Beere as Zicka, and Miss Cal-
houn as Dora ; played at Boston, U.S.A., in
October, 1SS7, with Miss Evesson as Dora
and E. L. Davenport as Julian ; revived at
the Garrick Theatre, London, in February,
1S93, with S. B. Bancroft as Orloff, A. Cecil
as Stein, J. Hare as Henry Beauclerc, Forbes-
Robertson as Julian, Miss K. Rorke as
Dora, Mrs. Bancroft as Lady Henry, Lady
Monckton as the Marquise, and Miss O.
Nethersole (replaced later by Miss E.
Robins) as Zicka ; at the Fifth Avenue The-
atre, New York, in March, 1893, with Miss
Coghlan as Zicka, F. de Belleville as Henry
Beauclerc, J. T. Sullivan as Julian Beauclerc,
and F. Robinson as Orloff; played in the
English provinces in 1894, with J. Forbes-
Robertson as Julian, E. W. Gardiner as
Henry, T. B. Thalberg as Orloff, Miss Mary
Rorke as Lady Henry, Miss Dolores Drum-
mond as the ^Marquise Miss ]May Whitty
as Zicka, and Miss K. Rorke as Dora. See
Dora AND Diplunacy.'
Diplunacy. See Dora and Diplu-
nacy.
DIPSAS
404
DISTRESSED MOTHER
Dipsas- An enchantress in Lyly's
' Endymion ' (q.v.).
Dirce. An opera, music by C. E. Horn,
originally produced at Drury Lane in 1821.
Director (The). A farce in three acts,
by Harry Greenbaxk (q.v.), first performed
at Terry's Theatre, London, on May 7, 1S91,
^vith Edward Terry in the title part {Syden-
ham Sudds).
Disagreeable Surprise (The). A
musical farce in two acts, written by George
Daniel (q.v.), and performed at Drury Lane
in 1S19, with J. P. Harley as Billy Bombast,
Oxberry as Paul Prig, Miss Kelly as Flora,
etc.
Disappointment (The). A comedy
by Thomas Southerne (q.v.), acted at the
Theatre Royal in 1634, with Wiltshire as
Alberto, the gallant who is " disappointed "
in his attempt to seduce Errainia and Angel-
line, being outwitted by Juliana, his dis-
carded mistress. (2) A comedy by W.
Tayerner, printed in 1708. (3) A ballad
opera by John Randal, acted at the Hay-
market, and printed in 1732.
Disbanded Officer (The) ; or, The
Baroness of Bruchsal. A comedy by
James Johnstone (from the German of
Lessing), first performed at the Hay market
in July, 1786.
Discarded Son (The). A drama trans-
lated bv Benjamin Webster from 'Le tils
de Fam'ille ' {q-i:), and first performed at the
Adelphi Theatre, London, on October 10,
1853, with Leigh Murray in the title part,
Keeley.P. Bedfurd, Mrs. Keeley, Miss Mas-
kell, and Miss Woolgar as the heroine.
Discontented Colonel (The). See
BllENNORALT.
Discovery (The). (1) A comedy by
Mrs. SHERIDAN {q.v.), first performed at
Drury Lane on February 3, 1863, with Gar-
rick as Sir Anthony Branville (q.v.), Thomas
Sheridan as LcrdMedivay, Holland as Colonel
Medway, Mrs. Yates as Mrs. Knightly, Mrs.
Palmer as Miss Richly, O'Brien as Sir Harry
Flatter, Mrs. Pope as Lady Fliuter, etc.
The " discovery " is made by Lord Medivay,
who finds that Mrs. Knightly, who is a
rich voung widow, and whom he desires
his son, the Colonel, to marry, is his own
daughter by his first wife. The Colonel,
meanwhile, is in love with Miss Richly. In
the end Mrs. Knightly pairs off with Sir
Anthony. (2) A comedy, translated from
Plautus by R. Warner, and printed in 1773.
Discreet Princess (The). An ex-
travaganza based by J. R. Planche (q.v.)
upon'Perrault's ' L'Adroite Princesse,' and
produced at the Olympic Theatre, London,
at Christmas, 1855, with Robson as Prince
Richcraft, Emery as Gander the Stwpendous,
?tliss Maskell as Prince Belavoir, Miss Julia
St. George as Finttta, etc.
Disg-uises (The). A play acted at the
Rose Theatre, Loudon, on October 2, 1595.
(2) ' Disguises : ' an operetta, words br
Samuel Beazley, music by Jolly ; founded
on a German piece, and first performed at
the Lyceum Theatre, London, on September
8, 1817.
Disinterested Love. See Bashful
Lover, The.
Disobedient Child (The). A " pretty
and merry interlude," by Thomas Ingeland
(q.v.), " WTitten in verse of ten syllables."
Disraeli, Benjamin. See Alarcos.
Disreputable Mr. Reag-an (The).
A play by Richard Harding Davis, first
performed at the Lyceum Theatre, Xew
York, November 1, 1892.
Dissembled "Wanton (The); or. My
Son, g-et Money. A comedy by Leonard
Welsted (q.v.), acted at Lincoln's Inn
Fields in 1726.
Dissipation. A comedy by M. P.
Andrews (7. u.). "borrowed from Garrick's
' Bon Ton,' and several other pieces," and
first performed at Drury Lane in March,
1781.
Distaffina, in Rhodes' ' Bombastes Fu:
rioso ' (q.v.), is engaged to Bombastes.
Disting-uished Guest (The). A-
farcical comedy, adapted by Sydney Rosen-
FELD from the German of Kempner Hoch
stadt ; Museum, Boston, Mass., August 29.
1898. ;
Distress upon Distress; or, Tra|
gredy in True Taste. "An heroi-comi
parodi-tragi-farcical burlesque," in two act.-^
by George Alexander Stevens, printev
in 1752. "This piece was never performei
nor intended for the stage, but is only ,
banter on the bombast language and ines
tricable distress aimed at by some of ou,
tragedy- writers " (' Biogi-aphiaDramatica',;
Distressed Baronet (The). A fare,
by Charles Stuart, first performed a.
Drury Lane on May 3, 1787.
Distressed Mother (The). A traged
by Ambrose Philips {q.v.), first performe-
at Drury Lane on March 17, 1712, with Mr-
Oldfield as Andromache, Booth as Pyrrhu\
Powell as Orestes, Mills as Pylades, Bowma-
as Phoenix, Mrs. Porter as Hermione, Mr.
Knight as Cephisa, ]SIrs. Cox as Cleone ; r. ^
vived at Covent Garden in 1742 (with Mr;
Gibber as Andromache), in 1747 (with Mr
Pritchard as Herrnione), and in 1750(wiih Pi,
Woffington as Hermione), at Drury Lane
1764 (with Mrs. Yates as Hermione), at Cove!
Garden in 1775 (with Mrs. Barry as Hermion-
at Drury Lane in 1775 (with Mrs. Yates ;;
Andromache), in 1786 (vnth Mrs. Siddons
Hermione and Miss Kerable as J.ndrom«cA;
and in 1802 (with Kemble as Orestes),
Covent Garden in 1803 (with Charles Kemt;
as Pyrrhus) and in 1816 (with Macready
Orestes and Mrs. Glover as Andromache),
Drurv Lane in 1818 (with Kean as Ores'
and Mrs. W. West as Hermione). " Ambrc
Phihps's 'Distressed Mother,'" says Hi
litt, " is a very good translation from Raciu
ti
It
•^:
DISTRESSED WIFE
405
DIXON
■•Andromache' [q.v.]. It is an alternation
of topics, of i?ros and cons, on the casuistry
of domestic and state affairs, and produced
a great effect of enyiui on the audience." It
"concluded with the most successful epi-
logue [by Addison] that was ever spoken in
the EngUsh theatre. The three first nights
it was recited twice, and continued to be
demanded through the run of the play."
Distressed Wife (The). A comedy
by John Gay (q.v.), produced at Covent
Garden in March, 1734 ; revived there in
1771 as ' The Modem Mother.'
District Attorney (The). A play by
B. Grey Fiske and c. Klein, produced at
Che American Theatre, New York, January
;21, 1895, with a cast including Wilton
Lackaye, Miss Effie Shannon, and Miss
innie Irish.
Diver's Luck (The) ; or, The Crime
beneath the "Waves. A drama in four
icts, adapted by F. Cooke and W. R.
•Valdron from ' Un Drame au Fond de la
;VIer' by MM Dngue and Cortarabert (The-
!itre Historique, Paris, 1S76 ; Ambigu, Paris,
,884), and first performed at the Theatre
^oyal, Jarrow, May 30, 1SS7 ; perfurined in
STewYorkin 1890 as 'The Bottom of the Sea.'
Diversions of the Morning- (The),
i. farce in twrj acts, by Samuel Foote (q.v.),
h-st performed at the Haymarket in 1758.
n the second act Foote introduced imita-
ions of actors of tlie time.
Divided Duty (A). A comedy-drama
n one act, by Silvan rs Dalncey, performed
irivately at the Jewish Institute, Highbury,
)ctober 18, 1SS5 ; produced, as ' A Month
fter Date,' at Reading, February 27, 1888,
nd the Globe Theatre, London, March 25,
S91.
Divided "Way (The). A play in three
cts, by n. V. Esmond (q.v.), first performed
t the Theatre Royal, Manchester, October
1, 1895, with W. II. Vernon as General
lumeden, G. Alexander as Gaunt Humeden,
'... Aynesworth as Jack Humeden, H. Waring
3 Jay Grist, Miss Evelyn Millard as Lois,
ad other parts by H. "H. Vincent, E. M.
.obson, etc. ; produced at the St. James's
heatre, London, cast as above, on No-
imber 23, 1895.
.Divine Comedian (The); or, The
|1ig-ht Use of Plays, " improved in a
licred tragicomedy," by Richard Tuke,
Tinted in 1672.
Divorce. (1) A comedy-drama in five
;ts, by AUGUSTUS Daly (q.v.), first per-
•rmed at Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York,
1 September 5, 1871, with James Lewis as
'impleton Jilt, D. II. Harkins as Alfred
dnanse, W. J. Le Movne as Burrit, W.
.avidge asi)e Wolf De Witt, Louis James as
aptain Lynde, Henry Crisp as Rev. Harry
mncan. Miss Clara Morris as Fanny, Miss
anny Davenport as Da Ten Eyck, Miss F.
i.orant as Mrs. Ten Eyck, Miss L. Dietz as
mce, Mrs. Gilbert as Mrs. Kemp, Miss M.
ortimer as Molly. The piece ran till
March 17, 1872. "Mr. Daly found the inspira-
tion for some of the characters and scenes
in ' He Knew He was Right,' a novel by
Anthony Trollope; but it was in no sense
an adaptation. It was, in fact, a purely
American satire." The play was revived
at Fifth Avenue Theatre in April, 1873 ;
May, 1874 (with Miss Ada Dyas as Fanny) ;
June, 1876 (with Miss F. Davenport as
Fanny, Miss Jeffreys Lewis as Lu, Miss G.
Drew as Gi-ace) ; at Daly's Theatre, New
York, in September, 1879, with Miss Ada
Rehan as Lu Ten Eyck, John Drew as Rev.
Harry Duncan, W. Davidge as De Wolf De
Witt, Charles Leclercq as Templeton Jitt,
Charles Fisher as 3[r. Burrit, Mrs. Charles
Poole as Mrs. Ten Eyck ; produced at the
Theatre Royal, Edinburgh, in December,
1881. (2) A farcical comedy in three acts,
by Robert Reece (q.v.), adapted from
' Le Pere de L'Avocat,' and first performed
at the Vaudeville "Theatre, London, on
January 29, 1881, with a cast including J.
Maclean, T. Thorne, J. G. Grahame, W.
Lestocq, W. Hargreaves, Miss Kate Bishop,
Miss M. Illington, Miss Cicely Richards,
and Miss Lydia CoweU.
Divorce (The). (1) A play entered on
the books of the Stationers' Company, No-
vember 29, 1653. (2) An entertainment
by Lady Dorothea Dubois, Marylebone
Gardens, 1771. (3) A farce by Isaac Jack-
man, performed at Drury Lane in November,
1781. (4) A comedy in one act, by S. J.
I'.EAZLEY, first performed at the Adelphi
Theatre, London, October 29, 1832, with
Yates, Reeve, Buckstone, .Mrs. Yates, and
Mrs. Honey in the cast. (5) A drama by
E. To\VEi{S, produced at the Southminster
Theatre, Edinburgh, November 24, 1873.
Divorce Case, The Great.
Great Divorce Case.
See
Divorce Colony (A). A play by
Sydney Rosenfeld, performed in U.S.A.
Divorce Cure (The). A play in three
acts, adapted by Harry St. Maur (q.v.)
from the 'Divorgons' (q.v.) of Sardou, first
performed at Stone Opera House, Bingham-
ton. New York, September 25, 1896 ; in New
York City, March, 1897.
Divorce Day. An adaptation, by B. F.
ROEDER and K. La Shelle, of the German
farce, ' Fiji ; ' first performed at the GJrand
Opera House, Chicago, August 22, 1892.
Divorced "by Teleg-raph- A play by
C. M. Greene, performed in U.S.A.
Divorgons. A comedy by Victcrien
Sardou and Emile de Najac, produced
in Paris in 1880 ; first performed in London
at the Gaiety in 1882 ; performed in English
at the Park Theatre, New York, in March,
1882, with F. Robinson as De Prunelles
and Miss Alice Lingard as Cyprienne. See
Divorce Cure, Queen's Proctor, and
TO-DAY.
Dixon, Gerald. Dramatic writer, died
1879 ; author of ' The Doctor in Spite of
Himself ' (q.v.), and a comedietta entitled
' Married Another ' (q.v.)
DIZZY
DOCTOR'S SHADOW
Dizzy. A man of the town, in Garrick's
' Male Coquette ' (q-v.).
Djamileh.. An opera in one act, com-
posed by Georges Bizet, and performed for
the first time with English libretto (by
Joseph Bennett) at the Prince's Theatre,
Manchester, on September 22, 1892,
Dj emma. The heroine of ' The Grand
Mogul ' (q.v.).
D'Orsay, Lawrance. Actor ; made
his professional d^but at the Marylebone
Theatre in 1877. He was in the original
casts of ' Pedigree ' (1890), ' Diamond Deane '
(1891), ' Dick Wilder ' (1891), ' A Lucky Dog '
(1892), ' Ma Mie Rosette ' (1892), ' Uncle
John' (1893), 'A Gaiety Girl' (1893), 'An
Artist's Model' (1895), ' My Girl' (1896), etc.
"Do not fear to put tliy feet."
First line of a song in Fletcher's ' Faithful
Shepherdess' (q.v.).
Doating- Lovers (The) ; or, The
Libertine Tam'd. A comedy by New-
burgh Hamilton, acted at Lincoln's-Inn-
Fields in 1715.
Dobbins, Humphrey. Servant to
Sir Robert Bramble in CoLMAN'S 'Poor
Gentleman ' (q.v.).
Dobbs, John. See John Dobbs.
Dobson and Co. ; or, My Turn
Next. A farce in one act, by Stirling
Coyne (q.v.), first performed at the Adelphi
Theatre, London, October 13, 1842, with
Wright as Dobson.
Dobson, Farmer, in Tennyson's
• Promise of May ' (q-v.).
Docteur Chiendent. See Poor Rela-
tions.
Doctor. See Dr.
Doctor (The). (1) A farcical comedy,
adapted bv F. C. Burnand (q.v.) from 'La
Doctoresse' (q.v.), and first performed at
the Globe Theatre, London, July 9, 1887,
with ^Nliss Fanny Enson in the title part
(Angelina Blossom, M.D.), W. S. Penley as
Alfred Blossom, and other roles by H.
Kemble, W. J. Hill, W. Wyes, Miss Rose
Dearing, Miss B. Horlock, Miss V. Feather-
stone, Miss Cissy Grahame, and Miss M.
A. Victor. (2) A play by Charles Towns-
end, performed in U.S.A.
Doctor and the Apothecary (The).
A farce from the German ; words by James
Cobb, music by Stephen Storace, first per-
formed at Drufy Lane in September, 1788.
Doctor Bolus. A " serio-comic-bom-
bastic-operatic interlude" by George
Daniel (g.v.), first performed at the English
Opera House, London, in 1818, with John
Wilkinson as Bolus. "In this piece, the
king, Artipiades (J. P. Harley), is in love
with Poggylina, a maid of honour, while
the queen, Katalinda (Miss Kelly), is
enamoured of General Scaramoitcho (Chat-
terley). The General revolts, and is defeated
by the King. His amour is discovered, and,
while the Queen is poisoned with one
Bolus's ' infallible ' pills, the General
stabbed by Artipiades. ... In the end, a
the dead people are resuscitated."
Doctor Davy. A drama in one ac
first performed at Greenwich in 1865 ; pr
duced at the Lyceum Theatre, London,
June, 1866, with Hermann Vezin in the tit
part (David Garrick), D. Evans as Molesey^
Miss Henrade as Mary (his daughter). Fit,
Patrick as Arthur Quillet (her lover), ar
Mrs. C. Horsman as Mrs. Figabit ; revived i
the Opera Comique, London, in 1886. ' Doct
Davy ' was an adaptation of ' Le Docte.^
Robin,' a play by Jules de Premaray, pt'
duced at the Gymnase, Paris, in 1842, wii'
Bouffe as the hero. Of this a German ve^
sion was made by W. Friedrich in 1849, ai.
translated into English by Hermann Vezi'
' Doctor Davy,' based on Friedrich's ver.5io
" was the joint work," says Freeman Wil.
" of [James] Albery, Vezin, and my brotht
[W. G. Wills] ; but it was chiefly the woi
of the last named, though produced und'
Albery's name." The plot is practicalj
identical with that of ' David Garrick ' (q.v ti
though much condensed.
Doctor Dilworth. A farce in one at
by John Oxenford (q.v.), first perform
at the Olympic Theatre, London, April:'
1839, with Farren in the title part. Keel
as Syntax, Granby as Mr. Paddington, a:;
other parts by Brougham, Mrs. Orger, a:;
Miss Murray. ;
Doctor Dora. A comedietta by F. ""I
Broughton (q.v.), first performed at tl
Garrick Theatre, London, on April 18, 18S|
Doctor Faustus. See
Doctor.
Doctor Hocus Pocus; or, Harl I
quin washed WTiite. A "speaki*
pantomime" by George Colman, mui
bv Reeve, first performed at the Haymark:
in August, 1814. '
Doctor in Spite of Himself (Th(
A comedy in three acts, adapted by Gera
Dixon from Moliere's 'Le Medecin Mal^,
Lui,' and first performetl at the Gloj
Theatre, London, on June 23, 1877.
Doctor Last in his Chariot. ;
comedy by Isaac Bicker.staffe (q.t\
translated from Moliere's ' Malade Ima;!
naire,' and acted at the Haymarket in 178i
Doctor's Boy (The). A farce by %
land Grant, Surrey Theatre, January
1877.
Doctor's Broug-ham (The). Afar
adapted by E. Manuel (q.v.) from t
French, and performed at the Strand Tl. i;
atre, London, in October, 1875, by H. C
(as Dr. Sirupp), C. D. Marius, J. G. G
hame, Miss F. Hughes, and Miss Ma:
Jones.
Doctor's Shadow (The). A drama
four acts, by H. A. Saintsbury, suggest
by Robert Louis Stevenson's story, '1
Jekyll and Mr, Hyde,' and performed (:
FAUSTlj
f:
i
DOCTORESSE
407
DOEL
copvrigiit purposes) at Prince's Theatre,
Accrington, January 2, 1896.
Doctoresse (La). A comedy in three
acts, by Eerrier and Bocage (Gymnase
Dramatique, Paris, October, 1SS5), produced
at the Royalty Tlieatre, London, January
11, 1886. See DOCTOR, The.
Doctrine. A character in the moral-
play of ' Appius and Virginia' (q.v.).
Dodd, Dr. See Simony, Dr.
Dodd, James William. Actor, born
1740 (V), died 1796 (? 1786) ; is said to have
played Roderigo at Sheffield when only six-
teen years of age. Thence he went succes-
sively to Norwich and to Bath, where " the
superior applause which he met with in
comic characters determined him prudently
to confine himself to that line of acting."
At Bath he was seen by Dr. lloadley, who
recommended him to Garrick for Drury
iLane. There he made his London debut in
;October, 1765, as Faddlc in IMoore's ' Found-
ling' iq.v.). With this theatre he remained
associated till June, 1796. In the course of
those thirty-one years he was the original
representative of Slender in Fulsts-Ts ' Wed-
ding,' Lord Abberville in ' The Fashionable
Lover,' Kecksey in ' The Irish Widow,'
'Dupely in 'The Maid of the Oaks,' Lord
Foppington in 'The Trip to Scarborough,'
Sir Benjamin Backbite in ' The School for
'Scandal,' Bangle in 'The Critic,' Adam
\Winterton in 'The Iron Chest,' and other
characters. He was also seen as Osric,
Slender (' The Merry Wives '), Cloten, Mcr-
\eutio, Sir Andrew Aguecheek, Gratiano,
Launce, Elbow, Abel IJrugr/er, Sir Harry
Wildair, Simi-Jcish (" The Country Wife),
■Sir Novelty Fashion, Tattle (' Love for
Love'), Lord Trinket (' The Jealous Wife '),
iFri65ie (' Miss in her Teens'), Brisk ('The
^Double Dealer '), Bob Acres, etc. " This ex-
pellent actor," says Boaden, "had a weak
(?oice, but as he managed it on the stage of
lis great master (Garrick) it was quite ade-
quate to a cast of petit-inaltres. . . . Nor
fwas he confined to the coxcomb whose
>(vit almost redeemed his effeminacy ; he
jivas the paragon representative of all fa-
■uity." "In expressing slowness of ap-
)rehension," wrote Lamb, " this actor
surpassed all others. You could see the
irst dawn of an idea stealing slowly
tver his countenance, climbing up by little
:nd little, with a painful process, till it
beared up at last to the fulness of a twi-
ight conception — its highest meridian."
>ee 'Theatrical Biography' (1772), T. Wil-
dnson's 'Memoirs' (1790), 'The Garrick
Jorrespondence,' Dibdin's ' History of the
>tage' (1800), 'The Thespian Dictionary'
1805), Genest's 'English Stage' (1832), D.
'ook's 'Hours with the Players' (ISsl).—
Irs. J. W. (Martha) Dodd (died 1769) made
er appearance at Drury Lane in 1766 as
jady Lurewell in ' The Constant Couple.'
Dodding-ton, Bubb. See Softy, Sir
Thomas.
Dodge, Demosthenes. A character
a E. L. Blanchard's 'Artful Dodge ' (q.v.).
Dodgre for a Dinner (A). A farce by
T. A. Palmer (q.v.), Strand Theatre, London,
December 28, 1872.
Dodipole, Dr. See Wisdom of Dr.
DODIPOLE.
Dodsley, Robert. Dramatic and mis-
cellaneous writer, born 1703, died 1764 ;
started life as a footman, and did not begin
his literary career till 1729, when he pro-
duced a "poem" called 'Servitude.' In
1735 he began business as a bookseller and
publisher, in which latter capacity he issued
some notable works. His first play, ' The
Toyshop,' was performed in 1735. It was
followed by ' The King and the Miller of
Mansfield ' (1737), ' Sir John Cockle at
Court,' its sequel (1738), ' The Blind Beggar
of Bethnal Green' (1741), a masque (1749),
and ' Cleone ' (1758)— all of which see. In
1748 appeared his ' Trifles,' in which he
included his dramatic pieces. His ' Select
Collection of Old Plays ' appeared in 1744 ;
it was reproduced, with notes by Isaac
Reed, the omission of twelve plays, and the
insertion of ten others, in 1780. J. P. Collier
edited it in 1825-28, and it was edited by
W. C. Hazlitt in 1874-76, See ' Biographia
Dramatica' (1812).
Dodson, J. E. Actor ; was the ori-
ginal representative of Carraway Jones in
' Turned Up ' (1886) and of the Professor in
' Kleptomania ' (1888). He was for some
time a member of the Kendals' touring
company, with whom he was seen at the
Avenue Theatre, London, in 1893, and with
whom he made his first appearance in
America at the Fifth Avenue Theatre, New
York. Since then he has been the original
representative in America of Matthew Keeber
in ' The Bauble Shop,' Montagu Li(shington
in ' The >L"isqueraders,' Andrew Gibbard in
' Michael and his Lost Angel,' Rev. Stephen
Wynn in ' John h Dreams,' Cardinal Riche-
lieu in ' Under the Red Robe,' etc. In 1899
he was John Weatherby in ' Because she
Loved him So.'
Dodsworth, Charles. Actor ; began
his professional career in 1880, and, after
experience in the country, came to the
Strand Theatre, London, in 1885, as a
member of Edward Compton's comedy com-
pany. He was afterwards in the original
casts of ' Hard Hit,' ' The Red Lamp,' ' The
Dean's Daughter,' 'Brantinghame Hall,'
'The Profligate,' 'A Pair of Spectacles,'
' The Crusaders,' ' The Honourable Herbert,'
etc. In 1888 he was engaged at Wallack's
Theatre, New York, playing Dolly Spanker,
Krux (' School '), and other parts.
Doe, John. See Great Divorce Case.
Doel, James. Actor, born 1803 ; made
his professional debut in 1820 at Plymouth,
and was at one time manager of theatres at
Plymouth, Exeter, and Devonport. At the
last-named place he once played Mrs. Mala-
prop. In 1851 he acted at the Marylebone
and the Standard, London. He retired in
1876.
DOES HE LOVE ME?
408
DOING THE HANSOM
Does h.e Love me ? A play by Edmund
Falconer (q.v.), tirst performed at the Hay-
market Theatre, London, on June 23, IStiO,
with J. B. Buckstone as Bubble, Mrs. Wilkins
as Mrs. Comfort, and W. H. Chippendale,
H. Howe, E." Villiers, and Miss Amy Sedg-
wick in other parts.
Doeskin. Serving-man to Shekel, in D.
Jerrold's ' Bride of Ludgate' (g.r.).
Dog- Days in Bond Street. A comedy
in three acts, attributed to W. DiMOND, and
performed at the Haymarket in 1820.
Dog- in the Mang-er (A). A farcical
comedy iu three acts, by CHARLES H. HOYT ;
Lafayette Square Opera House, Washington,
D.Ci January 30, 1899.
Dog of Montargris (The). See Forest
OF BONDY.
Dog-loerry. " A foolish officer " in
'Much Ado about Nothing' {q.v.). His
first entrance is made in act iii. sc. 3. His
name, according to Steevens, comes from
the shrub called " dogberry," or "female
tornel."
Doge of Dnralto (The). An extrava-
ganza by R. B. Brough (7. r.), first performed
at the Olympic Theatre, London, December
26, 1S57, with F. Robson as the Doge, Miss
Wyndham as the Princess Capriccia, Miss
Hughes as Ulfo, and H. Wigan, Mrs. Eraden,
etc., in other characters.
Doge of Venice (The). A romantic
play in four acts, adapted by Bayle Ber-
nard {q.v,) from Lord Byron's 'Marino
Faliero,' with additions from the 'Marino'
of Casimir Delavigne, and musical illustra-
tions from the ' Marino ' of Donizetti, the
' Due Foscari ' and ' Bravo ' of Verdi and
Mercadante ; first performed at Drury Lane
on November 2, 1867, with Phelps as Marino
Faliero, E. Phelps as Fernando, H. Sinclair
as Michael Steno, J. Johnstone as Benin-
tende, J. C. Cowper as Israel Bertuccio, C.
Warner as Calendaro, W. Mclntyre as Stozzi,
C. Harcourt as Pietro, H. Rignold as Signer
of the Xight, J. B. Johnstone as a sacristan,
and ilrs.^Hermann Vezin as Angiolina.
Dogg-ett, Thomas. Actor, born in
Dublin, died 1721 ; performed at first in
the provinces and at London fairs. His
metropolitan debut was made at the The-
atre Royal in 1691 as the original Nincom-
poop in ' Love for Money ' {q.v.). He acted
at that house till 1697, save for appearances
at Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1695. He was at
the last-named theatre from 1701 to 1704,
when he went to Drury Lane. In 1705-6 he
was at the Haymarket. In 1709 he became
co-lessee of the Haymarket with Cibber and
AVilks. In December, 1713, he retired from
the stage, to which, however, he returned
for a few nights in 1717. He was the tirst
representative of Fondleicife in Congreve's
*01d Bachelor' (1693), of Sir Paul Plyant
in Congreve's 'Double Dealer' (1693), of
Sancho in the First Part of D'Urfey's ' Don
Quixote ' (1694), of Fernando in ' The Fatal
Marriage ' (1694), of Ben in Congreve's ' Love
for Love' (1695), of young Hob in his ow
play, ' The Country Wake ' (1696), of the •' Je"
of Venice " in the play so named (1701), c
Sir Testy Dolt in ' The Lady's Visiting Day:
(1701), of Squire Treelooby in the play s
named (1704), and of Moneytrap in Var
brngh's ' Confederacy' (1705). He was als
seen as Polonius, the First Gravedigger, Si
Hugh Evans, Dapper ('The Alchemist';
Marplot, etc. Cibber says: "He was thi
most original, and the strictest observe
of Nature of all his contemporaries. H
borrowed from none of them. . . . Indres.-
ing a character to the greatest exactnesi
he was remarkably skilful ; the leas
article of whatever habit he wore seeme
in some degree to speak and mark th
different humour he presented. He coul
be extremely ridiculous, without steppin
into the least impropriety to make him sc
His greatest success was in characters c
lower life, which he improved from th
delight he took in his observations of tha
kind in the real world." " He was," say
Antony Aston, "the best face painter an
gesticulator, and a thorough master c
several dialects." On August 1, 1716, th-
following announcement appeared :— " Thi'
being the day of his Majesty's most happ:
accession to the throne, there will be give;
by Mr. Doggett an Orange-coloured Liver;
with a Badge representing Liberty, to h
rowed for by six watermen that are out c!
their time within the year past. They at;
to row from London Bridge to Chelsea. ]'
will be continued annually on the sami
day for ever." See Cibber's 'Apology,' tb,:
' Tatler ' and ' Spectator ' passim, Dibdin ,
' History of the Stage,' the ' Biographi
Dramatica,' Genest's ' English Stage,' etc. '
Dog-g-rass. Uncle of Susan in D. Jei
rold's 'Blackey'd Susan' {q.v.), in Bui
nand's burlesque so named {q-v.), and i
' Blue-eyed Susan ' {q.v.).
Dog-grell. A character in Gay's ' Wii
of Bath' {q.v.). There is a Mrs. Doggrel i
' The Register Office' {q.v.).
Dog-s of St. Bernard (The). A dram
by Clement Scott {q.v.), produced at tb.
Mirror Theatre, London, on August 21, 187:*
Doigts de Fee (Les). See Frock;
AND Frills and World of Fashion, Thi
Doiley, Abraham. A retired slo)
seller in Mrs. Cowley's ' Who's the Dupe |
Doing- Banting-. A farce by T^
Brough and A. Halliday', Adelphi Th;
atre, London, October 24, 1864.
Doing for the Best. A drama in twi
acts, by Rophino Lacy {q.v.), produced ;<
Sadler's Wells Theatre on November 1 ^
1861, with Phelps as Dick Stubbs, a carpentei
Doing- my Uncle. A farce by R. LacI
{q.v.), Surrey Theatre, September 8, 1866. 1 1
Doing- the Hansom. A farce by i^
Harris {q.v.), first performed at the L
ceum Theatre, London, November 3, 185
with Toole as Felix Pottinger and Mi
Goward (Mrs. Keeley) as Susan,
DOLABELLA
409
DOLORES
Dolabella. Friend to Octavius Ccesar
in Shakespeare's 'Antony and Cleopatra'
(q.v.); tigures also in Dryden's 'All for
Love ' (q.v.).
Dolaro, Selina. Actress and vocalist,
died January, 1889 ; made her first appear-
ance in London at the Lyceum Theatre in
1870 as Galsuincla in ' Chilperic' (q.v.), after
•which she appeared at the same theatre in
'Breaking the Spell' (q.v.). In 1872 she
was the original Camilla in Plowman's
'Zampa' (q.v.) at the Court Theatre. An
engagement at the Philharmonic Theatre
followed ; there she figured as FrMigonde
in ' Chilperic,' Genevieve de Brabant, C'lairette
in 'Madame Angot,* and Fleur-de-Lys in
Farnie's piece (q.v.). Next came appear-
ances at the Royalty in 'La Perichole'(<7.r.),
at the Alhambra (1877), and at the Folly
(Toole's) Theatre, where she was seen as
Rose in Maillart's ' Dragoons ' (1879). Mdme.
Dolaro afterwards went to America. She
■was the author of a play called ' In the
Fashion,' performed in 1887.
Doldrum (The) ; or, 1803. A farce in
two acts, by John U'Keefe, "founded on
the idea of a man's sleeping from 1796 to
1803, and on his surprise at tlie changes
around him," and performed ut Covent
Oarden in April, 1796.
Dole, DanieL A circus clown in II. J.
Byron's 'Fine Feathers' (q.v.).
Doll Common. See Common, Doll.
Doll Tearsheet. See Tearsheet,
Doll.
Doll's House (A) [' Et Dukkehjem '].
A play in three acts, by Henrik Ibsen,
translated into English by William Archer,
and first performed at the Novelty The-
atre, London, on June 7, 1889, with Her-
bert Waring as Torvald Ilchner, Charles
Charrington as Dr. Rank, Royce Cai'leton
is Nils Krogstadt, Miss Gertrude Warden
IS Mrs. Linden, Miss B. I'^versleigh as Anna,
md Miss Janet Acliurch as Nora Helmer.
The play had previously been adapted to
;he English stage by IIenry Arthur
fONES under the title of ' Breaking a But-
erfly' (q.v.). 'A Doll's House' was re-
'ived at Terry's Theatre on the afternoon
)f January 27, 1891, with Mi.'is Marie Eraser
s Nora, Miss Elizabeth Robins as Mrs.
Anden, C. Forbes-Drummond as Ilehner,
'. Fulton as Krogstadt, and W. Herbert as
lank; at the Criterion Theatre on the
fternoon of June 2, 1891, with Miss Rose
i^orreys as Nora, Miss Lucia Harwood as
trs. Linden, Mrs. E. H. Brooke as Anna,
'rank Rodney as Helmer, C. Fulton as
'rogstadt, W.'L. Abingdon as Hank, and
'.ric and Caryl Field- P'isher as the children ;
t the Avenue in April and May, 1892, with
Hss Achurch as before, i\Iiss Marion Lea
•* Mrs. Linden, C. Charrington as Helmer,
erbert Flemming as Kroggtadt, and C.
Hilton as Bank ; at the Royalty in March,
i93, with Miss Achurch as before. Miss
irlotta Addison as Mrs. Linden, C. Char-
ngton and H. Flemming as at the Avenue,
and W. R. Staveley as Rank ; at the Garden
Theatre, New York, March, 1896 ; at the
Globe Theatre, London, in May, 1S97, with
Miss Achurch as before. Miss Vane Feather-
stone as Mis. Linden, Courtenay Thorpe as
Helmer, C. Fulton as Krogstadt, and C.
Charrington as Bank. Under the title of
'Nora,' ' Et Dukkehjem' was translated
into English by Frances Lord in 1882 (re-
vised in 1890).
DoUallolla. Wife of King Arthur in
FlELDLNG's ' Tom Thumb the Great ' (q.v.).
Dolland, Dick. The uncle in H. J,
Byron's 'Uncle Dick's Darling' (q.v.).
Dollars and Dimes. A play by G.
Howard Coveney, performed in the U.S.A.
in 1887. — ' Dollars and Hearts : ' a play by
H. A. Du SOUCHET, first performed at the
Windsor Theatre, New York, 1888.
Dollars and Sense. A comedy in three
acts, adapted by Augustin Daly (q.v.) from
the German of . L'Arronge, and produced
at Daly's Theatre, New York, in October,
1883, with C. Fisher as Pierce Tremonf, J.
Lewis as EVqyhalet Lamb, C. Leclercq as
Bnggs, W. H. Thompson as Griggles, 3.
Drew as I^atimer, Miss Ada Rehan as
Phronie, Miss May Fielding as Mrs. Tre-
mont, INIiss Virginia Dreher as 3[rs. Briggs,
and Mrs. Gilbert as Mrs. Lamb ; produced
at Toole's Theatre, London, on August 1,
1884 ; revived at Daly's Theatre, London, in
September, 1893.
Dolly. (1) A comic opera, music from
Adolphe Adam's 'Poupee de Nuremberg,'
produced at the Gaiety Theatre, Ijondon, on
Aug-ust 22, 1870. (2) A comic opera in two
acts, ^vritten by John Bannisteu, composed
by Herr Pelzer, and first performed at
Carlisle, October 27, 1890.
Dolly. (1) The heroine of Alfred
Cellier's ' Sultan o' Mocha ' (q.v.). (2) The
•'Dominie's Daughter" in Lloyd's play of
that name (q.v.).
Dolly Truth. See Truth, Dolly.
Dolly Varden, (1) A drama in four
acts, adapted by Murray Wood (q.v.) from
Dickens's ' Barnaby Rudge ' (q.v.), and first
performed at the Theatre Royal, Bradford,
April 29, 1872 ; produced at the Surrey
Theatre, October 5, in the same year, with
Miss Virginia Blackwood as Dolly and Miss
Miggs. (2) A play by C. T. Vincent, per-
formed in U.S.A.
Dolly's Delusion. A play by Robert
Reece (q.v.), first performed at the Strand
Theatre, London, with Edward Terry as Joe
Sally. — ' Dolly's Dilemma : ' a musical ab-
surdity, by Harry Millward and C.
Flavell Hayward, Theatre Royal, Wol-
verhampton, April 22, 1887.
Dolores. A version by Mrs. Sarah
Lane of Sardou's 'Patrie' (q.v.), first per-
formed at the Britannia Theatre, London,
on April 5 .1874, with Miss Marie Henderson
as the heroine.
DOLORES
410
DON C^SAR DE BAZAN
Dolores. The name of characters in
Genee's ' Naval Cadets' (q.v.) and Wills'S
'Betrayed' (q.v.).
D olph. The voung hero of G. F. Rowe'S
'Wolfert's Roost"' (j.r.).
Dombey and Son. A play in three
acts, adapted by John Brougham (q.v.)
from Dickens's story, and first performed at
Burton's Theatre, New York, in 1850, -with
the author as Joe Bagstock, Burton as
Captain Cuttle, G. Jordan as Carker, ]Mrs.
Burton as Florence Domhey, and Mrs.
Brayham as Susan Kipper; revived at
Daly's Theatre, New York, in September,
1885, and at the Star Theatre, New York, in
1SS8. See Captain Cuttle and Heart's
Delight.
Domestic Diplomacy. A comedietta
by James Redmond, Gaiety Theatre, Dub-
lin, April 1,1872.
Domestic Economy. A farce in one
act, by Mark Lemon (q.v.), first performed
at the Adelphi Theatre, London, on Novem-
ber 8, 1849, with Edward Wright as John
Grumley (a part afterwards played by J. L.
Toole and G. Belmore) and "Mrs. Frank
JIatthews as Mrs. Grumley. Turned into an
operetta, Avith lyrics by F. C. Burnand and
music by Edward Solomon (q.v-), ' Domestic
Economy ' was revived at the Comedy
Theatre, London, on April 7, 1890, Avith E.
Dagnall as Grumley and 2^1iss Alma Stanley
as Mrs. Grumley.
Domestic Hearthstone (The). A
burlesque by J. Smith.
Domestic Hercules (A). A farce by
Martin Beecher, Drury Lane Theatre,
September 24, 1870.
Domestic Medicine. A comedietta
adapted by Leta Smith from the Spanish ;
Theatre R'oyal, Grantham, June 2, 1887.
Dominic, "The Spanish Friar" in Dry-
den's play of that name (q.v.). "His b1g
belly walks in state before him, like a har-
binger, and his gouty legs come limping
after it. Never was such a tun of devotion
seen" (act ii. sc. 3).
Dominie's Dang-hter (The). A play
in four acts, by D. D. Lloyd (q.v.), first per-
formed at Wallack's Theatre, New York, in
March, 1887, with Harry Edwards as the
Dominie (Rev. John Van Dervcer), Miss
Annie Robe as his daughter Dolly, Kyrle
Bellew as Captain Dyke, H. Kelcey as Major
Barton, and other parts by :Mdme. Ponisi,
Charles Groves, Creston Clarke, etc. The
scene is laid in New York (then occupied
by the British) in 1781.
Dominique the Deserter ; or, The
Gentleman in Black. A comic drama
in two acts, adapted by W. H. IMurray
(q.v.) from the French, and first performed
at the Theatre Royal, Edinburgh ; per-
formed at Drury Lane with Wallack as
Dominique, Mrs. Orger as Jeannette, and
Mrs. C. Jones as Genevieve. Revised and
partly re-vvritten by T. E. Pemberton, it
was revived at Toole's Theatre, London, in^
1885 under the title of ' Old Harry,' with
Toole as Dominique, supported by C. D.
AVard, H. Westland, Miss M. Lind"en, and-
Miss E. Johnstone. — Another version of the
same French original was made by C. Z.
Barnett, and played, under the title of
' Dominique the Possessed,' in 1831 at the
Coburg (with Davidge as Dominique.) and
at the Pavilion (with Freer as the hero).
Domino Noir (Le). See Black
Do.MiNo, The.
Dominos Roses (Les). See Pink
DOMINOS.
Domitia. Wife of ^^lius Lamia ir
Massinger's 'Roman Actor' (q.v.).
Domitilla. Cousin-german to Ccesar ii
Massinger's ' Roman Actor' (q.v.).
Don (The). A comedy in three acts, b^
Herman (and Mrs.) Merivale (q.v.), firs-
performed at Toole's Theatre, London
March 7, 1888, with J. L. Toole in the titli
part (Mr. Milliken, M.A.), and other role
by J. Billington, E. W. Gardiner, E. M.
Lowne, Aubrey Boucicault, George Shelton
Miss Kate Ptiillips, Miss Marie Linden
Miss Violet Vanbrugh, and Miss Emil;
Thorne [in the autumn Miss Eva Moore re
placed Miss Linden].
Don Ceesar de Bazan. The hero an(
title of several dramas, adapted from o
founded on the play by MM. Dumanoi-
and D'Ennery, produced at the Forte St
Martin, July 30, 1844, with Lemaitre i:
the title part :— (1) A drama by Gilber'
Abbott a Beckett (g.r.) and Mark Lemo;.
(q.v.), first produced at the Princess's The'
atre, London, on October 8, 1844, wit!
James Wallack as Don Ccesar, Mrs. Stirlin.'
as Maritana, Fitzjames as Don Jose, Walto
as the Ki7ig of Sjyain, Granby and Mrs
Fosbrooke as Marquis and Marchioness c
Rotondo, Miss Marshall as Lazarillo, etc
It was in this version that Edwin Boot
appeared at the Adelphi Theatre, Lender
in August, 1882, supported by Mi-s Bell
Pateman as Maritana. (2) Another ver
sion, by BENJAMIN WEBSTER and Dw
Boucicault, was brought out at the Ade
phi, London, on October 14, 1844, with I
Webster as Don Ccesar, Howe as the Kini
Mdme. Celeste as Maritana, and Mis
Woolgar as Lazarillo. [(3) A version i:
two acts, by C. J. Mathe-^S, entitled ' .
Match for a King' (q.v.), was produce'
on October 14, 1844, at the Haymarket
(4) An adaptation by C. Z. Barnett (q.v
was produced at the Surrey Theatre o
October 21, 1844, with Henry Hughes b
Don Ccesar, N. T. Hicks as Don Jose, J. 1
Johnson as the King, Mrs. Honner t
Maritana, and Mrs. H. Vining as Laz<.
rillo. (5) A version of the play was pr-
duced at the Princess's Theatre, Londoi'
on February 11, 1861, with Fechter i,
the title part, J. G. Shore as the Kin
Basil Potter as Don Jose, :Miss Carlott
Leclercq as Maritana, Miss Marian Harr
as Lazarillo, and Frank Matthews and Mr'
DON CARLOS
DON JUAN
Weston as the Marquis and Marchioness of
Rotondo. The piece was revived at the
Imperial Theatre, London, in December,
1885. (6) A "revised edition," by H. A.
Saintsbury, of MM. Dumanoir and D'En-
nery's drama, in four acts, was produced at
thePrincess of Wales's Theatre, Kennington,
August 21, 1899.— C. Dillon and W, Cres-
•wick included Don Ccesar in their reper-
tory.— Lester Wallack played Don Ccesar in
New York in 1849, and the play was revived
at the Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York,
December, 1869, with E. L. Davenport as
Bon CoEsar, Miss F. Davenport as Lazarillo,
and Miss A. Ethel as Maritana. — Burlesques
on this subject were written by John
Brougham (under the title of ' Don Cfesar
de Bassoon') and by H. J, Byron (see
Little Don Cesar de Bazan). See also
Maritana, Match at Midnight, and
Royal Rival, A.
Don Carlos, Prince of Spain. A
tragedy in rhymed verse, by Thomas Otway
{q.v.), performed at Dorset CJarden in 1676,
with Smith in the title part, Betterton as
Phili'p II. of Spain, Medbourne as Ruy
Gomez, Harris as Don John of Austria,
Mrs. Mary Lee as the Queen of Spain, Mrs.
Shadwell as the Duchess of Eboli, and Mrs.
Gibbs as Henrietta. " I believe," says
Langbaine, " that Otway cliietiy followed
the French novel of ' Don Carlos ' [by Saint-
R^al], wliich is the most perfect account of
that tragical story that I have met with."
Betterton, it is recorded, told Bootli that
' Don Carlos ' was infinitely more applauded,
and better followed for many years, than
either 'The Orphan' or ' Venice Preserved.'
Schiller and Altieri wrote tragedies on the
same subject. " Altieri's Philip," writes
Roden Noel, "is as life-like and graphic a
study of individuality as that of Saint-Real
or Schiller ; whereas the Philip of Otway
makes no pretence to being other than a
mere conventional stage-tyrant, violent,
and ever in extremes." (2) 'Don Carlos:'
a play by Earl (then Lord John) Rus-
sell, published in 1822. " In Lord John
Russell's ' Don Carlos,' " writes Doran,
'the reason given for the grovelling Cor-
ioba's hatred of the Spanish prince, reminds
the reader of that of Zanga for Alonzo."
3) ' Don Carlos ; or. The Infante in Arms :'
I burlesque by Conway Edwardes (g.r.),
irst performed at South Shields in August,
1860 ; produced at the Vaudeville Theatre,
•iondon, on April 16, 1870, with Miss J.
Beauclerc in the title part, and Miss Nelly
^ower, Miss K. Irwin, G. Honey, and T.
rhorne in other roles.
Don Garcia. A play by Alfieri, trans-
ated by Charles Lloyd (1815).
Don Garcia of Navarre. A play
ranslated from Moli^re by Ozell.
Don Giovanni [Don Juan] is the hero
f the following dramatic pieces :— (1) ' Don
Jiovanni ; or, A Spectre on Horseback :' a
omic, heroic, operatic, tragic, pantomimic
lurletta-spectacular-extravaganza, by Tho-
us Dibdin (g.v.), performed at the Surrey
Theatre in 1817, with " O." Smith as Don
Guzman, Fitzwilliam as Leporello ; revived
at Drury Lane in 1829, witti Miss Love as
Don Giovanni, Harley as Leporello, Mrs. C.
Jones as Lobsteretta, and Mrs. Orger as
Shrimpenna. (2) 'Giovanni in Ireland'
iq.v.) (1821). (3) ' Giovanni in London' (o.v.),
by "\V. T. Moncriefp (1827). (4) 'Little
Don Giovanni' {q.v.): a burlesque by H. J.
Byron (1S65). (5) ' Don Giovanni : ' a bur-
lesque by J. C. Brennan, Greenwich,
March, 1872. (6) ' Don Giovanni in
Venice : ' an operatic extravaganza by
Robert Reece {q.v.), first performed at
the Gaiety Theatre, London, on February
17, 1873, with J. L. Toole as the Don, Miss
E. Farren as Leporello, Miss Alice Barth a;?
Elvira, Miss Alice Cook as Zerlina, Jlaclean
as the Commendatore, A. Bishop as Ottavio,
and other parts by Miss Constance Loseby,
J. G. Taylor, etc. In this piece the cha-
racters are sons and daughters of the ori-
ginal Don and his circle, the Don himself
being portrayed at the outset as a mild
philanthropist, Ottavio as a blighted tenor^
and so forth. (7) ' Don Giovanni, M.P. : ' a
burlesque, produced at the Princess's
Theatre, Edinburgh, on April 17, 1S74,
(8) ' Don Giovanni, Junr. ; or, The Shakey
Page, more Funkey than Flunkey :' a bur-
lesque, brought out at Greenwich on May
17, 1875. See Don Juan.
Don Giovanni, M.P. See Don
Giovanni.
Don Giovanni in "Venice. See Don
Giovanni.
Don Giovanni, Junr. See Don Gio-
vanni.
Don John ; or, The Two Violettas.
An alteration, by Reynolds {q.v.), of Flet-
cher's 'Chances' {q.v.), produced at Covent
Garden in February, 1821.
Don John of Austria. A play
founded on Casimir Delavigne's 'Don Juan
d'Autriche' {q.v.), and first performed at
Covent Garden Theatre, London, on April 23,
1836, with Miss Helen Faucit and John Dale
in the principal parts. See Monastery of
St. Just, The.
Don John of Seville. A play in
blank verse, adapted by Edgardo Colonna.
from ' Don Juan de Tenorio,' and first per-
formed in London at the Elephant and
Castle Theatre on September 30, 1876, with
the adapter in the title part and Miss Mari©
Henderson as Inez. See Don Juan.
Don Juan (who, since Tirso de Molina
told his story in ' El Burlader de Sevilla,' (^1
has been the typical libertine of opera and '
drama) made his first appearance on the
English stage in 'The Libertine' {q.v.) of
Thomas Shadwell. Since then, he has
given his name to the following dramatic
pieces : — (1) ' Don Juan ; or. The Libertine
Destroyed :' a pantomime ballet performed
at the Royalty Theatre, London, in August,
1787 ; revived at the Marylebone Theatre,
with C. Dillon as Juan and Paul Herring as
H
DON JUAN D'AUTEICHE
412
DON QUIXOTE
Scaramouch. (2) 'Don Juan:' a romantic
drama in three acts, founded by J. B.
BuCKSTONE on Lord Byron's poem, and first
performed at the Adelphi Theatre, London,
December 1, 1S2S, -with Mrs. Honey as Bon
Juan, Mrs. Emden as Donna Inez, "O."
Smith as Lambro, and the author as Cyrus
(a negro). (3) ' Don Juan : ' a musical
drama" in three acts, dialogue by Charles
MiLXER, lyrics by E. Stirling, performed
at the City of London Theatre in 1S37, with
Mrs. Honey as Don Juan and Mrs. Emden
as Inez. (4) 'Don Juan:' an opera, music
from Mozart's ' Don Giovanni,' with English
libretto, produced at Drury Lane Theatre
in October. ISoS, with Mdme. Albertazzi as
Zerlina, ^liss Betts as Donna Anna, M. W.
Balfe as Juan, H. Phillips as Leporello. (5)
'Don Juan, the Little Gay Deceiver:' a
burlesque by H. Spry, Grecian Theatre,
London, June 20, 1870. (6) 'Don Juan:'
a burlesque produced at Bradford, Novem-
ber 22, IsTO. (7) ' Don Juan : ' an extrava-
ganza by Henry J. Byron (g.v.), first per-
formed at the Alhambra Theatre, London,
on December 22, 1S73, with Mdme. Rose
Bell as Juan, H. Paulton as Leporello, Miss
Amy Sheridan as Spalatro, Miss Kate
Santley as Ilaidte, and Miss Lottie Venne
as Zerlina. (8) ' Don Juan Junior : ' a
burlesque by "the brothers Prendergast"
(R. Reece and E. Righton). first performed
at the Royalty Theatre, London, on Novem-
ber 3, IS'SO, mth E Righton as Pedrillo,
T. P. Haynes as Lambro, Miss Kate Lawler
as Bon Juan, Miss E. Ritta as Haidec, and
ZSIiss Annie Lawler and Maggie Brennan in
other parts. (9) ' Don Juan ; or, The Sad
Adventures of a Youth : ' a play by Richard
Mansfield, first performed at the Garden
Theatre, New York, May IS, 1891, with the
author in the title part. ' (10) ' Don Juan : '
a burlesque in three acts, dialogue by J. T.
Tanner, lyrics by Adrian Ross, first per-
formed at 'the Gaiety Theatre, London, on
October 23, 15.93, with ]Miss 3Iillie Hylton in
the title part, ^Miss Cissy Loftus as Haidee,
Miss Sylvia Grey as Donna Julia, Arthur
Roberts as Pedrillo, and other parts by E.
W. Royce, Edmund Payne, Miss K. Sey-
mour, etc. (11) ' Don Juan's Last Wager : '
a play, adapted by Mrs. Cunninghame
Graham from the 'Don Juan de Tenorio'
of Jose Zorrilla, and first performed at
the Prince of Wales's Theatre, London,
on February 27, 1900, with Martin Harvey
as Don Juan, Herbert Sleath as Don
Lids, Holbrook Blinn as Don Gonzalo, Miss
Marriott as Brigida, Miss Louise Moodie as
the Abbess, Miss N. de Silva as Soledad
(daughter of Don Gonzalo), and other parts
bv Miss Gigia Filippi, Miss V. Raye, J.
G. Tavlor, etc. — An Englif^h translation of
Moliere's ' Don Juan ' (' Le Festin de Pierre ')
was performed by the Elizabethan Stage
Society (g.v.) in the dining-hall of Lincoln's
Inn in 1S99. See DON Giovanni, Don John
OF Seville, and New Don Juan.
Don Juan d'Autriclie. A play in
five acts, bv Casimir Delavigne, first pro-
duced iu Paris in 1835 ; performed in the
original French at the Royalty, London, ii-,
October, 1SS5. See Don John of Austrl;
and Monastery of St, Just.
Don Juan de Tenorio.
Juan.
See Do:;
Don Juan Junior. See Don Juan.
Don Juan's Last "Wager. SeeDoi
Juan.
Don Pasquale. An opera by Donizettii
performed for the first time with an Englislj
libretto at the Princess's Theatre, London'
in October, 1S43, with a cast includinj
Mdme. E. Garcia, Allen, and Paul Bedford!
Don Pedro. (1) A drama in five acts
by Richard Cumberland, first perfonneij
at the Haymarket in July, 1796. The her'
is the captain of a band of Spanish robber:'
(2) A tragedy by Lord Porchester, base('
upon historical fact, and performed at Drur j '
Lane in March, ls2S, with Cooper as Pedri
(King of Castile), INIacready as Henry o}
Trastamar (his natural brother), Wallack ai j
Ruban (a Jew), Hiss Ellen Tree as Blanch\\
(Queen of Spain), :Mr3. W. West as Mari\\
de Padilla, etc. (3) A one-act play bj*
Langdon E. Mitchell, Strand Thea
London, May 26, 1892.
Don Q,uixote. The hero of Cervante;!
famous story is the chief personage in man;
English dramatic pieces :— (1) ' The Comics]
History of Don Quixote :' a play by ThomA)
D'Urfey iq.v.), in three parts, the first an I
second of which were acted at Dorset Gaii
dens in 1694. In the First Part Bowen wa(
Quixote; Dogget, Sancho; Haines, Ginesi
Powell, Don Fernando ; Bowman, Cardenio\
Verbruggen, Ambrosio ; Cibber, Perez\
Harris, Xicholas; Bright, the Host; Mnj
Bracegirdle, Marcella ; Mrs. Knight, Dora
thea; Mrs- Bowman, Luscinda ; Mrs. Leigb
Teresa ; Mrs. Verbruggen, Mary theBuxon]
In the Second Part, Bowen, Verbruggerjl
Bowman, Mrs. Bracegirdle, Mrs. Bowmar^
Mrs. Leigh, and I\Irs. Verbruggen were aj
before, vdih Underbill as Sancho, Powej
as Manuel, Cibber as the Duke, Freeman a:
Pedro, Harris as Diego, and Mrs. Kent aj
Donna Rodriguez. "The First Part," say
Genest, " is a good play, and the Second
much better. D'Urfey has hit off the ch;,-
racters of Don Qui.xote and Sancho very wel'
and has introduced a good deal of humeri
of his own in Mary the Buxom, though ('
the lowest species." The Third Part cam^
out at Drurv Lane in 1696, with Powell
Quixote, Newth as Sancho, Bullock as Cti
macho, Pinkethman as Jaques, Verbrugge!
as Carrasco, Leigh as Gines, Mrs. Powell a1
Teresa, Mrs. Finch as Quilteria, Miss Crofj
as Altesidora, and Mrs. Verbruggen as b<<
fore. " The whole of this comedy is equqj
to the Second Part and very superior t
the First" (Genest). (2) 'Don Quixote i
England : ' a comedv in three acts by Henrj j
Fielding (q.v.), acted at "the Little TIki'
atre in the Haymarket" in 1734, witj
Roberts as Quixote, MuUart as Sanchd
Macklin as Squire Badger, Warwell a
DON QUIXOTE JUNIOR
413
DONE ON BOTH SIDES
i
Fairlove, Miss Atherton as Dorothea, etc. (3)
'Don Quixote:' a musical piece by D. J.
PiGUENiT, performed at Covent Garden once
in 1774. (4) ' Harlequin and Quixote : '
1 pantomime by J. C. Cross, acted at
Covent Garden In December, 1797. (5)
' Don Quixote in Barcelona : ' a ballad farce
in two acts, by Joseph Moser, printed in
1808. (6) ' Don Quixote ; or, The Knight
A the Woeful Countenance : ' a musical
irama in two acts, by George Almar, first
performed at the Surrey Theatre, London,
n 1833, with C. Hill as the Don and Vale as
Sancho. (7) ' T)on Quixote : ' an opera, li-
bretto by George Macfarren, music by
Sir G. A. Macfarren (q.v.), first performed
vt Drury Lane in February, 1846, with Allen,
Weiss, and Miss Rainforth in the cast. (8)
Don Quixote ; or, Sancho Panza and his
^Vife Tereza : ' a pantomime by C. H. Hazle-
svoOD, Britannia Theatre, London, Decem-
ber 26, 1867, with G. B. Bigwood as the Bon
md Mrs. S. Lane as Teresa. (9) ' Don
Quixote:' a burlesque by J. M. Killick,
.869. (10) 'Don Quixote:' a comic opera,
ibretto by H. Paulton (?.r.) and A. Maltby
q.v.), music by Frederic Clay, produced at
he Alhambra Theatre, London, on Sep-
ember 25, 1876, with Jarvis as the Don, H.
^aulton as Sancho, and other parts by E.
joredan, E. Rosenthal, Mat Rubson, Miss
{^ate Munroe, and Miss Emma Chambers.
11) 'Don Quixote : ' a one-act play, founded
)y W. G. Wills on an incident in the ro-
nance by Cervantes, and first performed at
he Lyceum Theatre, London, on May 4, 1895,
vith Henry Irving as the Don, S. Johnson
s Sancho, Mrs. Lacy as Dvlcinea, Miss M.
■lilton as Maria, Miss de Silva as Antonia;
irst performed in America at Abbey's The-
,tre. New York, in December, 1895. (12)
Don Quixote : ' a burlesque by Percy
.IiLTON, Alexandra Theatre, Stoke New-
:ngton, August 28, 1899. (13) ' Don Quixote : '
. comic opera, words by H. B. Smith, music
y R. De Koven, performed in U.S.A. See
iiTTLE Don Quixote and Modern Don
QUIXOTE.
Don Q,uixote Junior. A comedietta
11 one act, by J. C. Goodwin and John
lOwsoN, produced at the Globe Theatre,
jondon, on April 21, 1879.
Don Qiuixote the Second. See Fox
lUNT.
Don Sangrado. A Spanish ballet,
-'ovent Garden, September, 1814.
Don Saverio. A drama, acted with
Hisic by Dr. Arne, at Drury Lane Theatre,
lid printed in 1750.
Don Sebastian, King* of Portug-al.
. tragedy by John Dryden (q.v.), first
erformed at the Theatre Royal in 1690,
ith Williams in the title part, Betterton
s Dorax, Mountfort as Don Antonio,
'nderhill as the Mvfti, Kynaston as
hdey Moluch (Emperor of Barbary), Mrs.
•arry as Almevda, Mrs. Mourn furt as
(orayma, and Mrs. Leigh as Johayma.
The plot," wrote Dryden, " is purely fiction,
for I take it up where history has laid it
down." It turns, says A. W. Ward, "upon
the strange story of Sebastian of Portugal,
which Massinger had treated in his 'Be-
lieve as you List,' and to which Beaumont
and Fletcher refer in their ' Wit at Several
Weapons ' (act i. sc. 2). Dryden's invention
consists in the fatal passion entertained for
one another by Sebastian and his sister
\Almeyda], while alike unaware of their
mutual relationship. At the conclusion
Sebastian determines to seclude himself in
a desert for life " (' English Dramatic-
Literature '). Dorax is the name assumed
by Do7i Alonzo, a friend of Sebastian. Mo-
rayma and Johayma are respectively wife
and daughter of the Mxifti, and both in love
with Antonio. The play was revived in
1709, 1717, 1732, 1744, 1752, 1774, and 1794.
See Renegade, The.
Don, Sir "William Henry. Baronet
and actor, born 1825, died 1862 ; educated
at Eton ; entered the army in 1838, and left
it in 1845, very much in debt. Being obliged
to sell his estate, he joined the theatrical
profession, beginning work in the provinces.
In 1850 he went to America, making his.
debut at the Broadway, New York, in Octo-
ber of that year. In 1855 he returned to
England, and again acted in the country.
His first appearance in London was made
in March, 1857, at the Marylebone Theatre,
as the Bailie in 'Rob Roy,' and in 1857,
also, he married Emily Sanders, the
actress. In 1861 and 1862 Sir William and
Lady Don played engagements in Australia,
and Tasmania. After Sir William's death,
liis wife acted in New York (1867), after-
wards becoming for a time lessee of the
Theatre Royal, Nottingham. She died in
1875. See 'National Dictionary of Biogra-
phy,' Ireland's 'New York Stage,' and
Jefferson's ' Autobiography ' (1889). Jeffer-
son says of Don that " he was at least
six feet six inches in height." He adds
(referring to the year 1850): "I was dis-
appointed in his acting : he was amusing
and effective, but he was an amateur from
head to foot, which in his case meant a
good deal."
Donagrh (The). A drama in three acts,
by Geokge Fawcett Rowe, produced at
the Grand Theatre, Islington, on April 12,
1884.
Donaldbain. Son to King Duncan in
'Macbeth' iq.v.).
Donaldson, "Walter Alexander.
Born 1793, died 1877. Author of 'Recol-
lections of an Actor ' (1865 ; reprinted in
1881) and ' Theatrical Portraits ' (1870).
Donatien, Julius. "The White Slave "
in E. Stirling's drama of that name {q.v.).
Done Brown. A farce by H. T. Craven
iq.v.), first performed at the Adelphi The-
atre, Edinburgh, in 1845, with the author as
Octave Leclef.
Done on Both Sides. A farce by J.
M ADDISON Morton {q.v.), first performed at
DOXE-TO-A-CINDERELLA
DORA
the Lyceum Theatre, London, February 5,
1847, with C. J. Mathews as Brownjohn, and
F. .Matthews, Buckstone, and Mrs. C. Jones
in other roles.
Done - to - a - Cinderella ; or, Tlie
Drudg-e, the Prince, and tlie Plated
Glass Slipper. A burlesque by Fawcett
LOMAX, Theatre Royal, Exeter, September
12, 1881.
" Done to death, by slanderous
tong-ues." First line of Hero's epitaph,
in • Much Ado about Nothing,' act v. sc. 3.
Donelly, Igrnatius. See Bacon-
Shakespeare Controversy.
Donjon de Vincennes (Le). See
Life's Revenge (A).
Donna Constanza. An opera in
three acts, music by Adolph Gollmick,
first performed at the Criterion Theatre,
London, on November 21, 1875.
Donna Diana. A play in three acts,
adapted by Westland Marston {q.v.) from
the ' Donna Diana' of Joseph Schreyvogel,
itself (like Mo^iore's 'Princesse d'Elide') an
adaptation of the Spanish dramatist Moreto's
' El Desden con el Desden,' which is said
by Henry Morley to be " founded on a poor
play that preceded it, called ' The Avenger
of Women,' if not on Lope de Vega's for-
gotten ' Miracles of Contempt.' " Schrey-
vogel's drama was performed in London by
a company of German artists ; and 3Iarston's
version was produced at the Princess's The-
atre on January 2, 1864, with Mrs. H. Vezin
in the title part, H. Vezin as Don Ccesar,
H. Forrester as Don Luis, David Fisher as
Don Gaston, and G. Vining as Perin. " There
is, on the whole," wrote Henry Morley,
"reason to be exceedingly well satisfied. Mr.
Marston could, perhaps, find good critics to
argue in support of the modification of the
denouement, sacrificing poetry to stage effect,
which is the one change he has made"
(' Journal of a London Playgoer,' 1866).
' Donna Diana ' was first performed in New
York on November 5, 1866, with Mrs. D. P.
Bowers as the heroine, W. G. Andrews as Don
Gaston, and M. W. Leffingwell as Perin;
revived at the Star Theatre, New York, in
January, 1SS6, with Mdme. Modjeska in the
title part, E. H. Vanderfelt as Ccesar, and
F. Clements as Perin; also at the Gaiety
Theatre, London, in September, 1871, with
Miss A. Cavendish in the title part. Miss C.
Loseby as Floretta, Miss Annie Tremaine as
Donna Finesa, W. Riguold as Don Ccesar,
W. Maclean as Don Gaston, J. G. Taylor as
Perin, and other parts by George Fox and
Miss Love ; and at the Prince of "Wales's
Theatre in November, 1896, with Miss Violet
Vanbrugh as Donna Diana, Miss Irene Van-
brugh as Floretta, Arthur Bourchier as Don
Coisar, H. Vibart as Don Luis, W. G. Elliot
as Penn, M. Kinghorne as Don Diego, etc.
Donna Inez de Castro. A tragedy
tran.slated by John Adamson {q.v.) from
the Portuguese.
Donna Juanita. A comic opera in
three acts, libretto by Zell and Gen^e
music by Von Suppe, Ladbroke Hall, Lon
don, February 24, 1880. ^
Donna Luiza. An operetta in on('
act, written by Basil Hood, composed b;
Walter Slaughter, Prince of Wales's Theatre
London, March 23, 1892.
Donnelly, H. G-rattan. Dramatic
writer; author of 'The American Girl,'
' The Children of Israel,' ' Darkest Russia,
' Dick Turpin,' ' Fashions,' ' Fontenoy,' ' Hei
Ladyship.' ' Jess,' 'Later On,' ' The MiUion
aire,' ' Natural Gas,' ' A Night in New York,
'A Ni^ht at the Circus,' 'Our Je.ss,' ' A\
Pair of Jacks,' 'The Quaker's Daughter,'
'On the Rhine,' 'Ship Ahoy,' 'A Tammanj
Tiger,' and ' A Woman in Black ; ' co-author i
also, of ' By the Sad Sea Waves ' (1898)— all
produced in U.S.A. !
Don't judg-e by Appearances. M
drama founded by J. Maddison MORTOfI
{q.v.) on 'Ange et Demon,' and first per!
formed at the Princess's Theatre, London'
in October, 1855, with Miss Carlotta Lej
clercq as Diana. ;
Don't lend your TJmhrella. A\
comic drama in two acts, by Leicesteej
Buckingham, first performed at the Stranc,
Theatre, London, January 26, 1857. ;
Don't mind Me. A farce, Theatre
Royal, Plymouth, December 16, 1872. <
Don't tell her Husband. 4;
comedy by Augustus Tho.mas {q-v.), Coj
lumlua Theatre, San Francisco, California,!
September 27, 1897. j
Doo, Billy. See Billy Doo. |
Doo, Brown, & Co. A farce in threij
acts, by C. M. R.A.E {q.v.), first performect
at the Vaudeville Theatre, London, March
11, 1886. j
Doodle. One of the husbands irj
Ravenscroft's ' London Cuckolds.' i
Doom of Devorgroil (The). A pla:
bv Sir Walter Scott {q.v.), printed ii
li29. .
Doom of Marana (The); or, Th(l
Spirit of G-ood and Evil. A roraantii,
drama in two acts, by J. B. Buckstoni,
{q.v.), first performed at the Adelphi Thej
atre, London, October 10, 1836, with thii
author as Gil Pedrosa.
Doomsday. The title and subject oj
plays in the Chester and the Coventrj
series. J
Doone, Neville. Actor and dramatij
writer ; author of ' Summer Clouds ' (1891).
'Two Suicides' (1891), 'My Awful Luck"
(1892), ' The Lass that Loved a Sailor,' li;
bretto (1893), 'Sparkle's Little System
(1893), ' The Woman Tamer' (1896), ' A Swee;
Deception' (1896), ' Breaking It Off' (189S);
and, with H. W. C Newte, 'A Ministerinj.
Angel ' (1893) and ' Snowdrop ' (1894).
Dora. A drama by Charles Read:!
{(I.e.), founded on the poem by Tennyson!
and first performed at Adelphi Theatre'
if
I
DORA
DORLIN
London, on June 1, 1867, -with Miss Kate
Terry in the title part, Henry ?seville as
Fanner Allen, H. Ashley as William Allen,
J. Billington as Luke Blomfield, and Miss
Hughes as Mary Morrison; performed in
the" English provinces in 1879, with Ellen
Terry in the title part, and in America -with
Mrs. F. S. Chanfrau as Dora ; revived at
the Adelphi Theatre, London, in January,
18S3, with Clias. Warner as Allen, E. H.
Brooke as William, W. Rignold as Znike,
Miss Sophie Eyre as Dora, and Miss Tenny-
son as Mary ; at the Lyric Theatre, Ham-
mersmith, in July, 1895, with C. Warner as
before, C. Dalton as Luke. Miss L. Marl-
borough as Mary, and Miss Grace Warner
as Dora; at the Princess's, London, in
1900.
Dora. (1) The " child-wife " in vei-sions
of 'David Copperfield ' {q.v.). (2) The
heroine of ' Diplomacy ' {q.v.), figuring also in
BuRNAND's ' Dora and Diplunacy ' {q.v).
Dora and Diplunacy ; or, A
"Woman of Uncommon Scents. A
burlesque by F. C. Burnand {q.v.) of
'Diplomacy' (7. i'.), first performed at the
Strand Theatre, London, on February 14,
■ 1878, with Harry Cox as Julian Beauclerc,
'F. Mitchell as Captain Beauclerc, W. S.
Penley as Stein, C Marius as Orloff, Miss
Rachel Sanger as Dora, Miss Lottie Venne
as Zicka, Mrs. Clouston Forster as tne
Marquise; revived at the Trafalgar Square
Theatre, London, May 6, 1S98, with a cast
including Frank Wyatt, Arthur Playfair,
Cairns James, and Miss Elsie Chester.
Dora Ingrram. A domestic drama in
four acts, by .Mortimer Murdock, Pavilion
Theatre, London, February 23, 1885.
Dora Mayfield ; or, Love the
Leveller. A drama in one act, by Edgar
>'ewbou.nd, Britannia Theatre, London,
February 25, 1878.
Dora's Device. A comedietta in two
acts, by ROBEiiX Reece {q.v.). Royalty The-
atre, London, on January 11, 1871.
Dora's Dream. An operetta, words
by Arthur Cecil and music by Alfred
CeUier, first performed at St. George's Hall,
London, on June 17, 1873, by Arthur Cecil
and Miss Fanny Holland; revived at the
Opera Comique Theatre, November 17, 1877.
Dora"bella. Sister to Fiordelisa in ' Tit
for Tat ' {q.v.).
Doran, John. Miscellaneous ^vriter,
born 1S07, died 1878 ; published ia 1864
' Their Majesties' Servants : Annals of the
English Stage from Thomas Betterton to
Edmund Kean ' (edited by R. W. Lowe in
1S8S), and in 1885 ' In and About Drury
Lane, and other Papers.' He was the
author of a play called ' Justice ; or, The
Venetian Jew' {q.v.).
Dorant. Son to Mr. Barnard in Van-
BRUGH's ' Country House' {q.v.).
Dorax. The name assumed by Don
Alonzo in Dryden's ' Don Sebastian '{q.v.).
Dorcas. An " operatic comedy " in
three acts, libretto by Harry and Ed\vari)
Paulto.x, music by several composers, first
performed at EHzabeth, X.J., September
24, 1894 ; Olympia, New York, December,
1896 ; Kilburn, London, February, 1898.
Dorcas. Wife to Gregory in Fielding'.s
'Mock Doctor' {q.v.).
Doremus, Mrs. C. A. Dramatic
writer; author of 'A Boy Hero,' 'The
Charbonniere,' ' A Chinese Puzzle,' ' The
Circus Rider,' ' Compressed Gunpowder,'
' Dorothy,' ' A Fair Bohemian,' ' Fernande,'
'Fleurette,' 'The Four in Hand,' 'A Mock
Trial,' 'A Music Lesson,' 'Pranks,' 'Real
Life, or Andy,' 'The Sleeping Beauty,' 'A
Wild Idea,' etc. ; also, part-author, with
T. R. Edwards, of ' The Wheel of Time,'
and, with E. R. Steiner, of 'The Day
Dream '—all produced in U.S.A.
Dorf -and Stadt. See Lorlie's Wed
DING.
Doricourt. The hero of Mrs. Cowley's
'Belle's Stratagem' {q.v.).
Dorilant, Mr., is a character in
Wyciierley's 'Country Wife' {q.v.). (2)
Sir John Dorilant, in ' The School for
Lovers' {q.v.), is guardian to Ccelia.
Dorilas. The name of characters in
'Merope' {q.v.) and 'The Whims of Ga-
latea' {q.v.).
Dorimant. A witty libertine in Ethe-
REGE's 'Man of Mode' {q.v.).— There is a
Sir Dudley Dorimant in ' Fashionable
Friends ' {q.v.).
Dorimond, in Dudley's ' Travellers in
Switzerland' {q.v.), is in love with Julia.
Dorinda. Daughter of Lady Bountiful
in FARtiUHAR's 'Beaux' Stratagem ' {q.v.).
Dorine. (1) A servant in Molierk's
'Tartutt'e' (7.1;.). (2) A character in Mat-
THisON's ' Brave Hearts ' {q.v.).
Doringrton. The hero of Holcroft's
' Man of Ten Thousand.'
Doris. A comic opera, libretto by B.
C. Stephenson {q.v.), music by Alfred
Cellier {q.v.), first performed at the Lyric
Theatre, London, on April 20, 1SS9, with
Mdme. Annette Albu in the title part, ]\Iiss
Amy Augarde as Lady Anne Jerningham,
Miss Alice Barnett as Mistress Shelton, Miss
Etiie Chapuy as Dolly Spigot, Miss H.
Coveney as Tahitha, Ben Davies as Martin
Bolder, Hayden Coffin as Sir Philip Carey,
Furneaux Cook as Alderman Shelton, J. Le
Hay as Crook, Percy Compton as Burnaby
Spigot, and Arthur ^Villiams as Diniver.
Doris. (1) The heroine of DiON Bouci-
Cault's 'Fin Mac Coul' {q.v.). (2) The
chief female character in ' After Business
Hours ' {q.v.). (3) The heroine of ' An Inter-
national Episode' {q.v.).
Dorlin. A blind old soldier, father of
the heroine in Howard Payne's ' Adeline '
(3. v.).
DORMER
416
DORVAL
Dorraer. (1) Caroline Dormer is the
heroine of Colman's 'Heir at Law' (q.v.).
(2) Captain and Marianne Dormer are
brother and sister in CUMBERLAND'S ' Mys-
terious Husband ' (q.v.). (3) The Bev. Paul
Dormer is one of the personce in PiNERO'S
' Squire' (q.v.).
Dormont, Valentine. A character in
' The Farmer ' (q. v.).
Dormouse, Mr. and Mrs. Characters
in Lewes'S ' Cosy Couple' (q.v.). — The Dor-
mouse is one of the characters in 'Alice in
Wonderland' (q.v.).
Dornton. A banker in Holcroft's
'Road to Ruin' (q.v.), of which play his
jon Harry is the hero.
Dornton, Charles. Actor and the-
atrical manager, died 1900.— Mrs. Charles
Dornton [Louisa Robertson], actress, died
February 6, 1881.
Doro, Prince. The hero of Gilbert
and Clay's ' Princess, Toto' (q.v.).
Dorothea. (1) Sister of Monsieur
Thomas in Beaumont and Fletcher's play
so named (q.v.). (2) The " Virgin Martyr "
in MaSSINGER'S play so named (q.v.).
Dorothy. (1) A comic opera, music by
Julian Edwardes, first performed at Leeds,
April 2, 1877 ; produced at the Ladbruke
Hall, London, September 24, in the same
vear. (2) A comic opera in three acts,
libretto by B. C. Stephenson, music by
Alfred Cellier, first performed at the Gaiety
Theatre, September 25, 1SS6, with ^Nliss
Marion Hood as Dorothy Bantam, Miss F.
Dysart as Lydia, Miss F. Lambeth as
Phyllis, Miss H. Coveney as Mrs. Privett,
Miss J. M'Nulty as Lady Betty, Redfern
HoUins as Geoffrey Wilder, C Hayden Coffin
as Henry Sherwood, Furneaux Cook as Squire
Bantam, Arthur Williams as Lurcher, J. Le
Hay as Tom Strvtt, and E. Griffin as John
Tuppitt ; transferred on December 20, 18S6,
to the Prince if Wales's Theatre, where
Miss Edith Chester replaced Miss Dysart,
and where, on February 19, 1887, ]Miss Marie
Tempest and Ben Davies replaced Miss Hood
and Redfern HoUins ; transferred on Decem-
ber 17, 1888, to the Lyric Theatre [the opera
was withdrawn on April 6, 18S9, after a run
of 931 consecutive performances] ; performed
in the English provinces in 18S7, with Miss
Carr-Shaw as Dorothy, Miss M. Cross as
Lydia, Miss M. Webb as Phyllis, Miss S.
Lingwood as Mrs. Privett, Phillips Tomes as
Wilder, C. Ryley as Shenrood, H. Fischer as
Lurcher, A. Christian as the Squire, C. Burt
as Tom Strutt, and W. T. Helmsley as Tup-
pitt; revived at the Trafalgar Square Theatre,
London, on November 26, 1892, Avith Miss
Decima Moore as Dorothy, J. Tapley as
Wilder, Leonard Russell as Sheruood, W.
Eltonsis Lurcher, Miss Carr-Shaw as Phyllis,
Miss M. A. Victor as Mrs. Privett, and J. Le
Hay, F. Cook, and Miss F. Dysart in their
original roles; revived in London and the
provinces in 1900, with C. Pounds as Wilder,
R. Gretn as Sherirood, M. Marler as Lurcher,
J, WiJson as Bantam, Miss Ethel Newman
as Dorothy, etc. The opera was performed
at the Standard Theatre, New York, in 1886,
Y/ith a cast including Miss Lilian Russell :
(Dorothy), Miss Marie Halton (Phyllis), !
Eugene Oudin, etc. ; also, in the same i
city in 1895, with Miss Morton as the heroine ; '
and again in New York in 1898, Avith Miss '
Attalie Claire in the title part. (3) A play i
by Mrs. C. A. Doremus, performed in U.S.A. |
Dorothy. (1) Daughter of "the Vicar :
of Bray," in Grundy and Solomon's opera '
of that name (q.v.). (2) The heroine of •
Crook's 'King's Dragoons' (q.v.).
Dorothy's Dilemma. A play freely
adapted by Leopold Jordan from G. Von
Moser's " lustspiel," ' Eine Fraudie in Paris .
War' (from which 'A Night's Frolic' is i
taken), and first performed at the Park
Theatre, New York, August 20, 1891. i
Dorothy's Stratagrem. A comic \
drama in two acts, by James Mortimer j
(q.v.), first performed at the Criterion i
Theatre, London, on December 23, 1876, i
with Miss Eastlake as the heroine, and •
other parts by Miss E. Bruce, Miss M. j
Holme, Miss M. Davis, H. Ashley, and H. '
Standing.
Dorothy "Vernon. A drama in five
acts, by J. W. Boulding (q.v.), first per-
formed at Ashton-under-Lyne in October,
1889 ; produced at the Savoy Theatre, Lon- ■
don, on the afternoon of October 6, 1892. '
ti
Dorr, Dorothy. Actress, born 1867 at \
Bdston, U.S.A. ; made her professional '
dibut at the Opera House, Chicago, in
June, 1887, as Rachel in ' Held by the i
Enemy' (q.v.). Her first appearance in !
New York Avas in March. 1888, at the Fifth
Avenue Theatre, as Ethel Gray in 'The
Golden Giant.' In the same month she ;
was the original Ethel Sorrero in ' A Possible
Case.' She made her English debut at the
Vaudeville Theatre, London, in March, 1891,
as the original Mary Dennison in Dam's ,
• Diamond Deane ' (q.v.). She was after-
wards in the first casts of ' Dick Wilder'
(1S91), ' The Honourable Herbert ' (1891),
' Happy Returns ' (1892), ' Strathlogan'
(1892), 'The Lost Paradise' (1892), and
' Delia Harding ' (1895), besides being seen
as Clara Douglas in ' Money ' (1891), Letty
Fletcher in ' Saints and Sinners ' (1S92), and
Tress Jarvis in ' The Lights of Home ' (1892).
Dorrillon, Sir "William and Maria.
Father and daughter in Mrs. Inchbald'S
' Wives as they Were and Maids as they
Are ' (q.v.).
Dorrison, Lucy. The ingenue ia
Robertson's ' Home' (q.v.).
Dorset Garden. See London The-
atres.
Dorset, St. John. See Belfour,
Hugo John.
Dorval ; or. The Test of Virtue.
A comedy, translated from Diderot, and
printed in 1767.
DORY
417
DOUBLE DUMMY
Dory, John. A character in O'Keefe's
'Wild Oats' (g.u).
Dot: A Fairy Tale of Home. A
play by Dion Boucicault {q.v.), founded on
Dickens's 'Cricket on the Hearth' (q.v.),
ind first performed at the Adelphi Theatre,
London, on April 14, 1862, with Miss Wool-
^ar as Tilly Slowboy, Miss Louise Keeley as
Dot, Miss H. Simmsas Bertha, Mrs. Marston
13 Mrs. Fielding, Miss Kate Kelly as the
renms of Home, J. L. Toole as Caleb Plum-
net, S. Emery as Peeryhingle, C. H. Stephen-
on as Tackle.ton, J. Billington as Ned
Hummer; revived at the Gaiety in Decera-
)er, 1S70, as 'The Christmas Story,' with
;oole as Caleb, Miss E. Farren as Tilly,
. D. Stoyle as Tackleton, Jliss Carlotta
iddison as Dot, Miss M. Dalton as Bertha,
liss B. Marston as May, Mrs. H. Leigh as
Irs. Fielditifj, and W. Maclean as Peery-
ingle ; reyived (with alterations) as • The
Cricket on the Hearth,' at C4arrick The-
tre, London, December, 1903, with A.
>ourchier as Caleb, Miss V. Vanbrugh as
lertha, J. H. Barnes as Peerybingle, etc.
Dotheboys HaU. A drama in three
cts, adapted from 'Nicholas Nickleby ' (^.r.)
y J. Daly Besemerks {q.v.), first performed
t the Court Theatre, London, December
), 1871, with E. Ilighton as Squeera, Mrs.
tepheiis as Mrs. Squeers, Miss IVLaggie
lennan as Miss Squeers, Miss R. Coglilan
5 Tilda Price, Miss Santon as Smilce, W. J.
ill as Broivdie, A. Bishop as iS'ichola.<!, A.
'ood as Ralph, and H. Leigh as Snau'lcy.
Double and Quits. A farcical comedy
three acts, by T. EDGAR Pemberton
.v.), first performed at Sunderland, March
1885.
Double Dealer (The). A comedy in
eacts, by William Congreve, first per-
rmed at the Theatre Royal in November,
33, with Betterton as MasJcwell, Dogget
Sir Paul Plyant, Alexander as Careless,
•well as Brisk, Williams as Mellefont,
maston as Lord ToucJnvood, Bo'svinan as
rd Froth, Mrs. Mountfort as Lady Froth,
•s. Leigh as Lady Plyant, Mrs. Barry as
dy Touchwood, and Mrs. Bracegirdle as
nthia (daughter of Sir Paul). The play
9 published in the following month, with
rhythmical preface by Dryden, full of
umptuous eulogy." It was revived at
■ icoln's Inn Fields in 1718, with Quin as
skwell, Mrs. Rogers as Lady Touchicood,
■ 3. Bullock as Lady Froth, and Mrs.
ightas Lady Plyant; at Drury Lane in
'■i, with T. Gibber as Brisk, Macklin as
^•d Froth, and Kitty Olive as Lady Froth ;
i Movent Garden in 1745, with Mrs. Pritchard
'cLady Touchiuood, and in 1749 with Miss
Uamy as Lady Froth and Peg Woffington
^Lady Touchwood; at Covent Garden in
It, with Shuter as Sir Paul and Peg
'ffington as Lady Plyant ; at Drury Lane
1 756, with Mossop as Maskwell and Foote
a5ir Paul, and in 1773 witti King as Sir
^ d, Dodd as Brisk, and Mrs. Abington as
^'y Froth; at Covent Garden in March,
1776, with Sheridan as Maskioell, Quick as
Sir Paul, and Mrs. Mattocks as Lady
Plyant; in December, 1776, with r^Iackliix
as Sir Paul, Miss Macklin as Lady Plyant
and Mrs. Mattocks as Lady Froth, and in
1782 with Henderson as Maskwell and Mrs.
Inchbald as Lady Touchivood; at Drurv
Lane in 1784, with Palmer as Maskwell,
Suett as Lord Froth, Miss Pope as Lady
Froth, Miss Farren as Lady Plyant, and
Miss E. Kemble as Lady Touchwood, and
in February, 1802, with Kemble as Mask,
well. Bannister, jun., as Brisk, C. Kemble
as Mellefont, and Miss De Camp as Lady
Plyant. '"The Double Dealer,'" says E.
W. Gosse, "contains some excellent charac-
ters. Sir Paul Plyant, with his night-cap
made out of a piece of scarlet petticoat, tied
np in bed, out of harm's way ... is wholly
delightful ; and Lady Froth, the charminc^
young blue-stocking, with her wit and her
pedantry, her affectation and her merry
vitality, is one of the best and most complex
characters that Congreve has created. . .
A fault in the construction is that Lord and
Lady Froth are not sharply enough dis-
tinguished from Lord and Lady Touchwood.
In Cynthia, Congreve produced one of those
gracious and honest maidens whom he liked
to preserve in the wild satiric drama of his
garden, that his beloved Mrs. Bracegirdle
might have a pure and imp issioned part to
play. . . . The heartless treachery of Mask-
xvell is overdone. He is a devil, pure and
simple, and not a man at all."
Double Dealing-. A duologue in one
act, by W. E. Slter.
Double Deceit (The). A comedy bv
■\V. Pui'PLt:, acted at Covent Garden, and
printed in 1736. (2) A farce, printed in
1745. See Mutual Deception, The.
Double Deception (The). A comedv
by Miss Richardson, first performed at
Drury Lane in April, 1779.
Double Disappointment (The). A
farce, acted at Drury Lane in 1740.
Double Disg-uise (The). (1) A drama
in two acts, by John Murdock, jn-inted in
17S3. (2) A musical play in two acts,
written by Mrs. HoOK, composed by her
husband, Drury Lane, March, 1784.
Double Distress (The). A tragedy
by Mrs. Mary'Pix, acted at Lincoln's Inn
Fields in 1701.
Double Dose (A). A farce by Arthur
Shirley, first performed at the Surrey
Theatre, London, March 10, 1890.
" Double, double, toil and
trouble."—' Macbeth,' act iv. sc. 1.
Double Dummy. A farce in one act,
by N. H. HARRiN'iTON and E. Yates, first
performed at the Lyceum Theatre, London,
March 3, 1S58, with J. L. Toole as WeUiwj-
ton P riddle and Mrs. Alfred Mellon as
Mrs. P riddle.
2e
DOUBLE EVENT
DOUBLE ZERO
Double Event (A). (1) A vaudeville,
libretto by A. Law and A. Reed, music by
Coruey Grain, St. Georoe's Hall, February
18, 1S84. (2) A comedietta by A. Wilkin-
son, Theatre Royal, York, August 7, 1S91.
Double Event (The). (1) A drama in
four acts, by Edward Towers (,q.v.), East
London Theatre, April 10, 1871. (2) A far-
cical comedy in three acts, by James East,
Serformed (for copyright purposes) at Kil-
urn Town Hall, London, May 6, 1891.
Double Ealsehood (The) ; or, The
Distrest Lovers. A tragedy acted at
Drury Lane in December, 1727, with Williams
as Julio, Mrs. Porter as Leonora, Wilks as
Henriquez, Mrs. Booth as Violante, and
other parts by Mills, Corey, Bridgwater,
Norris, etc. "This piece, Theobald en-
deavoured to persuade the world, was
■written by Shakspeare. . . . Dr. Farmer
was of opinion that it is a production of
Shirley's, or, at least, not earlier than his
time. Mr. Malone inclines to believe it
written by Massinger" (' Biogi-aphia Dra-
matica ').
Double Gallant (The); or. The
Sick Lady's Ciire. A comedy by Col-
ley Cibber iq.v.), compiled from Mrs. Cent-
livre's 'Love at a Venture,' Burnaby's ' Lady's
Visiting Day,' and the latter's ' Reformed
Wife,' and first performed at the Hay-
market on November 1, 1707, with Cibber
as Atall, Johnson as Sir Solomon Sadlife,
Wilks as Careless, Booth as Clerimont,
Bullock as Old Willfull, Bowen as Captain
Strut, Norris as Sir Squabble Splithair,
Pack as Saunter, Cross as ,S'i> Harry Atall,
Fairbank as Supple, Mrs. Cross as Lady
Sadlife, Mrs. Oldfield as Lady Dainty, Mrs.
Rogers as Clarinda, Mrs. Saunders as
Wishivell, etc. '' At-all jumps, by mere
volubility of tongue and limbs, under three
several names into three several assigna-
tions with three several incoynitas, whom
he meets at the same house, as they happen
to be mutual friends. He would succeed
with them all, but that he is detected by
them all round, and then he can hardly be
said to fail, for he carries off the best of
them at last, who, not being able to seduce
him from her rivals by any other means,
resorts to a disguise, and vanquishes him in
love by disarming him in a duel " (HazUtt).
The comedv was revived at Covent Garden
(? 1839 or 1840), with C. J. Mathews as Atall,
Farren as Sir Solomon, G. Vandenhoff as
Careless, Mdme. Vestris as Clarinda, Mrs.
Nisbett as Lady Sadlife, INIrs. W. Lacy as
Lady Dainty, Mrs. Humby as Wislnvell, and
Mrs. Orger as Situp ; revived at the Hay-
market in March, 1848, with a cast com-
prising Farren, Webster, Howe, Tilbury,
Rogers, Brindal, H. Vandenhoff, Mrs. Nis-
bett, Mrs. Humby, Mrs. Caultield, Mrs.
Buckingham, and Miss Fortescue.
Double Lesson (A). A play by B. C.
Stephenson {q.v.), performed by Miss R.
Vokes and company at New York in
January, 1887.
Double Life (A). (1) A drama I
Lewis Slnclair, produced at Swansea c
December 4, 1871. (2) A drama by J. <
Elliott, fir.st performed at Dundee r
October 21, 1872. (3) A drama by Edwab
CocKBURN Johnstone, Theatre Metropol
Birkenhead, April 11, 1892.
Double Marriag-e (The). (1)
tragedy by Beaumont and Fletcher (j.t;,
performed at the Theatre Royal in 16S
The double marriage is that made by ViroU
who, wedded to Juliana, but a prisoner
the Duke of Sesse, agrees to espouse Marti ^
the duke's daughter, who promises to s
him free. He afterwards divorces Julian
but goes through only the ceremony '
marriage with Martia, who vows reveng
Ultimately Juliana stabs Virolet, and "di
on his dead body." The play was revivi
at the Marylebone Theatre in April, 18<
with Mrs. Warner as Juliana, Miss Fani
Vining as Martia, Graham as Virolet, La
as Ferrand (tyrant of Naples), Potter
Ronvere (his creature), and Johnstone as t
Duke of Sesse. (2) A drama in five acts,
Charles Reade q.v.), founded on his no\'
of ' White Lies ' (itself founded on Maque
play, ' Le Chateau Grantier,' Paris Gar
1852), and first performed at the Quae;-
Theatre, London, on October 24, 18<
with INIiss Ellen Terry as Rose de Beau
2)airc, Miss Fanny Addison as Josephine
Beaurepaire, Miss H. Hodson as Jacint),
L. Brough as Dard, A. Wigan as CaptO'
Raynal. A revised version of the play ■«
produced (after a provincial run) at t-
Prince of Wales's Theatre, London, on t'
afternoon of June 26, 1888, with Miss Ai;
Roselle as Louise (Rose), Arthur Dacre
Dujardin, and Oscar Adye as Rayii'
" Josephine, the heroine, has given birth
a child under circumstances which, thou'
ultimately explained satisfactorily, appn
at the moment most compromising. . . . '
this supreme moment, her sister, a yoi
girl, the incarnation of truth, purity, a
innocence, comes forward in the presence
her affianced husband and her mother, i ■
haughty Comtesse Grandpri, and, to s;
Josephine from shame, brands herself W
infamy. Taking the claild in her arms, -
innocent girl declares that it is hers " (Jc
Coleman). (3) An American drama in ti>
acts, first performed at the Adelphi Thealj.
March S, 1873. !
Double Mistake (The). A comii-
by Mrs. Elizabeth Griffiths, acted.,
Covent Garden in 1766.— 'A Double ft.-
take ' is the title of a farce by F. ThompS'
produced at Hastings in June, 1884.
Double Rose (The). An historical p •
in five acts, by J. W. Boulding {q.v.), i:
performed at the Adelphi Theatre, Lond ,
on the afternoon of June 17, 1882, wifi.
cast including Miss Sophie Eyre (Qui
Elizabeth), Miss Agnes Thomas, W. Rignc,
E. Price, F. Everill, W. Mclntyre, •
Thorne, T. F. Nye, etc.
Double Zero. A comedy in three a ,
by J. P. Hurst iq.v.), first performed at
i
DOUBLE-BEDDED ROO:SI
419
DOUGLASS
Stranrl Theatre, London, on the afternoon
of October 10, 1883, with a cast including
F. H. Macklin, W. F. Hawtrey, Miss Fanny
Coleman, and Miss Lucy Buckstone.
Double-bedded Room. (The). A
farce founded on ' Une Chambre a Deux
Lits,' and tirst performed at the Haymarket
Theatre, June 3, 1843, with a cast including
r. F. Matthews, Strickland, Clark, Mrs.
lilover, and Mrs. Humby. " The part of
\n irascible old gentleman was played, with
■ onsummate ability, by William Farren the
Elder" (G. A. Sala).
Doublechick, Barnaby- A wealthy
joap-boiler in II. J. Byron's ' Upper Crust '
q.V.).
Doublecbin. A monk in Gay's ' Wife
)f Bath' (q.i\).
Doubledick. A drama by West
)IGGES, Theatre Royal, Halifax, October
S, 1S75.
Doubleknock, Sandy. A postman in
:. Stirling's ' Grace Darling ' (q.v.).
Double-faced People. A comedy in
hree acts, by J. Col'ktnky (q.v.), tirst per-
urraed at the Ilaymarkec Theatre in Feb-
nary, 1857, witli Chippendale as Vacile,
V, Farren as Men'le;/, Buckstone as Sr-rum-
■lel, Compton as (Jlons, Mrs. E. Fitzwilliam
s Emily, Miss Reynolds as Fanny, Mrs.
'oynter as Mrs. Wran<jlc.
Doubtful Heir (The). A tragi-coniedy
y James Shirlky (q-v.), originally pro-
uced in Dublin in 1640, under the title of
Rosania ; or, Love's Victory ; ' afterwards
erformed at the Globe Theatre, London,
nd printed in 1652.
Doubtful Son (The); or, Secrets
f the Palace. A play in five acts, by W.
IMONI) (q.v), taken from Beaumarchais'
L' Autre Tartutfe ; ou, La Mere Coupable,'
1(1 first performed at the Haymarket in
aly, 1810.
Doubtful Victory (A). A comedietta
.; John Oxenford (q.v.), adapted from
A la Campagne,' and first performed at
le Olympic Theitre, London, on April 19,
58, with G. Vining, Miss Hughes, and
rs. Stirling in the cast.
Douce, Francis. Antiquary, born 1775,
ed 1834 ; author of ' Illustrations of Shake-
•eare' (1S07), and editor of 'Judicium : a
igeant ' (1822).
Doug-hty, James. Clown, born 1S19 ;
'peaied at Drury Lane in 1851, and after-
irds at Covent Garden, the Standard, the
irrey, the Marylebone, Astley's, etc.
Doug-las. (1) A character in Hannah
ORE'S ' Percy ' (q.v.). (2) A character in
KITE'S ' Feudal Times ' (q.v.).
Doug-las. A tragedy in five acts, by
HN Home (q.v.), tirst performed at Edin-
rgh on December 14, 1756, with Dieges
young Xorval (Douglas), Heyman as" old
>rval, Love as Glenalvon, Younger as
Lord Randolph, Mrs. Ward as Lady Ran-
dolph [originally called "Lady Bernard"],
and Mrs. Hopkins as Anna ; fi'rst produced
in London at Covent Garden on March 14.
1757, with Barry as Douglas, Sparks as old
J!forml, Smith as Glenalvon, Ridout as
Lord Randolph, Peg WoflBngton [who, ac-
cording to Wilkinson, M-as not suited to the
part] as Lady Randolph, and Mrs. Vincent
as Anna; revived at Drury Lane in 1760
with Mrs. Yates as Lady Randolph, and in
1769 with Mrs. Barry in that role ; at Covent
Garden in 1776, with Barry as old Norval ;
at the Haymarket in 1780, with Bannister,
jun., as Douglas, Digges as old A'orrai, and
Mrs. Crauford as Lady Randolph ; at Covent
Garden in 1783, with Henderson as old
Norml ; at Drury Lane in 1783, with Palmer
as Glenalvon, Farren as Lord Randoljjh, and
:Mrs. Siddons as Lady Randolph ; at Covent
Garden in 1787, with Pope as Douglas and
Mrs. Pope as Lady Randolph; at Drurv
Lane in May, 1795, with Mrs. Powell as
Douglas; in 1796 with Elliston as Douqlas,
and in 1803 with Kemble as old Nvrval
and Cooke as Glenalvon ; at Dublin in 1803,
witli W. H. Betty as Douglas ; at Glasgow
in 1806, with Mrs. Bartley as Douglas; in
New York in 1807, with J. Howard Payne
as Douglas; at Drury Lane in 1818, with
Edmund Kean as Douglas and Pope as
old Xorval; at Covent Garden in 1818,
with Charles Kemble as Douglas, Young
as old Norval, Macready as Glenalvon,
Egerton as Lord Randolph, Miss O'Neill
as Lady Randolph ; at Drury Lane in 1826,
with Wallack as Douglas, Bennett as
Glenalvon, Cooper as old Norval, and
Mrs. West as Lady Randolph, and in 1827
with Charles Kean as Douglas; at the
Surrey Theatre in November, 1838 ; at
Sadler's Wells Theatre in November, 1845,
witli Miss Cooper as Douglas, Marston as
Glenalvon, and i\Irs. Warner as Lady Ran-
dolph ; in the English provinces in 1851,
with H. Vezin as Douglas ; at Albany, New
York, in June. 1853, with Miss Maggie
Mitchell as Douglas. Douglas has been
represented in America by Mrs. Conner and
in England by Miss Marriott. In 1S27 Sir
Walter Scott wrote of the play that it
" does not stand the closet. Its merits are
for the stage, but it is certainly one of the
best acting plays going." — A one-act bur-
lesque of ' Douglas,' by W. Leman Rede,
was performed at the Adelphi Theatre,
London, February 13, 1837, with " O."
Smith as Glenalvon, J. Reeve as Douglas,
and Mrs. Stirling as Lady Randolph.
Doug-las, Clara. The heroine of
Lytton'S 'Money' (q.v.). — Ellen Douglas
figures in the various dramatizations of
' The Lady of the Lake ' (q.v.).
Doug-las [Robertsonl, G-. R. Dra-
matic writer; author of 'Stage-Land'
(1875), 'Rival Candidates' (1880), and 'A
Naughty Novel' (1881)— all of which see.
Doug-lass, John. Actor and theatrical
manager, born 1814, died 1874 ; began life
at eleven as a pantomime ' ' super " at Covent
DOUGLASS
420
DOAN-N THE SLOPE
Garden. In course of time he became cele-
brated for his representation of nautical
characters, being seen at Drury Lane in
185S in ' Ben the Boatswain,' in -which he
made his final stage appearance in 1869.
Between 1S33 and 1845 he was manager of
minor theatres in Gravesend, Chelsea, and
various other parts of London. His con-
nection with the Standard Theatre began
in 1S45 ; of the new Standard, opened in
1S67, he was director until his death. From
1S57 to 1S71 he was also manager of the
Pavilion, and, during part of that period,
of the Marylebone. His son John (q.v.)
followed him at the Standard, and his son
Eichard became a scenic artist.
Doug-lass, J olm. Theatrical manager
and dramatic wTiter ; son of John Douglass
[see above] ; author of the following (and
other) stage pieces :— ' A Royal Marriage '
(1868), ' A Dead Calm ' (1S6S), ' For Sale '
(1869), 'The Young Man of the Period'
(1869), ' In and Out of Service ' (1869), ' Guy
Fawkes ' (1870), ' Venus v. Mars ' (1S70), ' A
Chapter of Accidents ' (1870), ' The Vicar of
Wakefield' (1870), 'Germans and French'
(1871), ' "Warranted Sound and Quiet in
Harness' (1S71), 'Brave as a Lion' (1872),
' Thompson's Visit ' (1872), • What will the
Neighbours Sav ? ' (1873), ' Xo Man's Land '
(1890), 'Winifred's Vow' (1892), 'Nance'
(1893), ' Birthright ' (1894), ' Down on his
Luck' (1894), ' Known to the Police ' (1899),
'The Mistress of the Seas' (1899). Also,
co-author, with J. Willing, of 'A Bubble
Reputation' (1885) and 'A Dark Secret'
(l&b6); and with T. G. Warren, of 'The
Tongue of Slander ' (1837) ; part-author of
' A Bitter Wrong ' (1884), ' The Royal Mail '
(1SS7), 'A Bunch of Shamrock' (1896), 'The
Cross for Valour' (1897), 'From Scotland
Yard ' (1897), etc.
Dove and the Serpent (The). A
play by Leopold Lewis (q.v.) and E. Dut-
'C0.\ Cook iq.v), produced at the City of
London Theatre.
Dove- Cot (The). A comedy in three
acts, adapted from MM. Bisson and Le-
clercq's 'Jalouse' (Paris, October, 1897),
and first performed at the Duke of York's
Theatre, London, on February 12, 1898, with
Seymour Hicks and Miss Ellis Jeffreys as
Mr. and Mrs. Allward, J. Welch and Miss
Carlotta Addison as Mr. and Mrs. Brindle,
and other parts by C. Sugden, W. Wyes,
G. Raicmond, Miss Leonora Braham, Miss
Sybil Grey, Miss Sybil Carlisle, Miss K.
Kearney, etc.
Dove, Owen [Gustave de Meirelles
Soares]. Actor and playwright, born 1845,
died 1893.
Dove. (1) A character in Bdckstoxe's
'Married Life' (g.f.). (2) Cato Dove is a
barrister in Boucicault's ' Forbidden Fruit'
iq.v.). (3) Sir Benjamin and Lady Dove
figure in CUMBERLAND'S 'Brothers' iq.v.);
tile former is henpecked, and the latter a
termagant.
Doves in a Cag-e. -A. comedy in two
acts, by Douglas Jerrold {q.v.), first per-
formed at the Adelphi Theatre, London,
December 21, 1835, with F. Vining as
Prosper, Wilkinson as Cherub, Webster as
Carbuncle, Searle as Claws, Mrs. Nisbett
as Mabellah, Miss Barnett as Mrs. Comfits,
etc.
Dovetail, Nicholas, figures in"' Mis- ■
chief-Making ' (q. v). There is a Bujus Dove-
tail in Derrick s ' Little Stranger ' (q.v.).
Dowag-er (The). (1) A play by Thomas
Chatierton' (q.v.), of which two scenes
exist in manuscript. (2) A comedietta
adapted by C. J. Mathews (q.v.) from 'Le
Chateau de ma Mfere,' and first performed
at the Haymarket Theatre, December 3,
1843, with Mathews as Lord Alfred Lyndsay, ^
Mdme. Vestris as the Doicager Coiintess o)
Tresilian, and other parts by HoU and
Brindal ; revived at the Strand Theatre,
London, in 1876, with W. H. Vernon as Lord
Alfred, J. G. Grahame as Sir Frederick, H.
Cox as Beauchainp, Miss A. Swanborough
as the Dowager Countess, and Miss L. Venne
as Lady Bloomer. (3) A play by F. Paul-'
DING, performed in U.S.A.
Dowden, Edward. Professor of Eng-.
lish literature and miscellaneous writer;.'
author of ' Shakespeare : his Mind and^
Art ' (1876), ' A Shakespeare Primer ' (1877).i
and * An Introduction to Shakespeare '
(1893) ; editor of Shakespeare's Sonnets
prefaced and annotated (I^jT), and of 'Ham
let' (la09) and 'Romeo and Juhet' (1900)
also prefaced and annotated.
Dowlas, Daniel, in Colman's ' Heir ai
Law' {q.v.), is an ignorant and vulgaV
chandler. His wife Deborah and his soi'
Dick are also prominent in the play.
Dowling:, Maurice G-. Superintenden
of police at Liverpool ; author of burlesque.;
of ' Othello ' (1834) and ' Romeo and Juhet .
(1837).
Dowling-, Mildred T. See Danger^
FIELD '95. ,
Dowling-, Richard. Novelist am)
dramatic writer, born 1846, died 1898 j
author of ' Below London Bridge,' dram:]
(1896).
Down among the Coals. A farce bj
Taylor Bilkins, Court Theatre, Londoni
November 15, 1873. '
Down in a Balloon. A farce by Joh:'
OXENFORD iq.v.), first performed at th
Adelphi Theatre, London, on April 10, 187r
Down in Dixie- (1) A play by Scot
JiARBLE, first performed at the Oper
House, Cincinnati, September 2, 1894. (2
A play by C. Townsend, performed i:
U.S.A.
Down on his Duck. A farcical corned
in three acts, by John Douglass, Ne-
Theatre, Oxford, October 1, 1894.
Down the Slope. A comedy-dram
in four acts, by A. E. Berg, first performe
in America ; produced at the Grand Tht
atve, Stalybridge, June 28, 1897.
In
DOWNER
421
DR. BILL
Downer, Billy. The " Unfinished
Gentleman " in Selby's play so named (q.v.).
Downes, John. Prompter to "the
Duke's Servants " in the theatre at Lincoln's
Inn Fields from 1662 to 1706; author of
'Roscius Anglicanus [q.v.]; or, An Histori-
cal View of the Stage,' published in 1708.
Downfall of Robert, Earl of Htua-
tingdon (The). See Robin Hood.
Downing-, George. Actor and dra-
matic writer ; author of ' Newmarket '
(1763 \ ' The Parthian Exile ' (1774), and ' The
Volunteers ' (1780).
Downman, Hug-h, M.D. Author of
three tragedies — 'Lucius Junius Brutus*
(1779), ' Editha' (17S4), and 'Belisarius'
(1792). See Drama, The.
Downrig'ht, Daniel. See Bastard
Child.
Downrig'ht, Georg-e. A " plain
squire" in Jonson'S 'Every Man in his
Humour.' (2) Doionright is cousin and
lover of Clarinda in Oxenford'S 'Idol's
Birthday' {q.v.).
Downward, Dr. , in Wilkie Collins's
'Miss Gwilt' iqv-), "rather prompts deeds
of violence than accomplishes them with
his own hands ; but his wickedness is never-
theless of the most abandoned and atrocious
kind" (Dutton Cook).
Dowton, Mrs. H. See Sloman, Mrs.
Dowton, William. Actor, born at
Exeter, 1764 ; died 1851 ; was articled to an
architect, but was led by his success as an
amateur actor to join "the profession."
His earliest experiences were provincial,
his first appearance in London being made
at Drury Lane in October, 1795, as Sheva in
* The Jew ' {q.v.\. Among other characters
played by him in the metropolis may be
named Shylock, Falstaff, Maholio, Sir Hugh
,Evans, Dr. CantwcU, Hardcastle in 'Sha
■jStoops to Conquer,' <S't> AntJiony Absolute,
Sir Oliver Surface, old Dornton, etc. He
was for a time manager of the theatres at
Canterbury and Maidstone. In June, 1S36,
he made, at the Park Theatre, New York,
his American debut, playing Falstaff; he
returned to England in November. On
June 8, 1840, at Her Majesty's, he enacted,
for his own benefit. Sir Robert Bramble in
'The Poor Gentleman,' securing a sum
sufficient to provide him with an adequate
annuity. He married, before coming to
London, ]\Iiss S. Baker, an actress. Of his
sons, William (died 1883) managed the Kent
Circuit from 1815 to 1S35, making his Lon-
lon debut in 1832 ; while Henry (born 1798)
is said to have performed Liston's line of
parts "inimitably." See Oxberry's 'Dra-
matic Biography ' (1827), Genest's 'English
Stage ' (1832), Ireland's ' New York Stage '
1867), etc. Richard Cumberland wrote in
1806: "If quick conception, true discrimi-
lation, and the happy faculty of incarnating
;he idea of his poet, are properties essential
■n the almost undefinable composition of a
great and perfect actor, these and many
more will be found in Dowton " (' Memoirs ').
" The greatest living comedian out of the
direct pale of gentility, though we by no
means insinuate that he is vulgar, appears
to us," said another contemporary critic,
"to be Dowton. His genius lies in the
expression of strong feeling, open or sub-
dued, at the middle period of life. He can
smooth over an habitual vehemence, indulge
himself in the most delightful cordiality,
and be carried away into the uttermost
transport of rage, with equal facility."
Hazlitt described Dowton as " a genuine
and excellent comedian." See also Leigh
Hunt's ' Performers of the London The-
atres ' (1807).
Dowty, A. A. See After Darkness,
Dawn.
Doxy, Betty. A character in Gay's
' Beggar's Opera.'
Doyle, Conan. Novelist and dramatic
writer ; author of the following stage
pieces :— ' Foreign Policy (1893), ' A Story
of Waterloo' (1894), 'Halves' (1899), and,
with J. M. Barrie, the libretto of 'Jane
Annie * (1893).
Dozey, in Dibdin's 'Past Ten O'clock
and a Rainy Night' {q.v.). (2) Dr. Dozey is
a character in Grundy's 'Silver Shield'
iq-v.).
Dr. See Doctor.
Dr. Ambrosias, his Secret. An
opera di camera in two acts, words by H.
!>., music by R. D'Oyly Carte, first per-
formed at St. George's Hall, Loudon, on
August 8, 1868.
Dr. Barlow. An extravaganza in one
act, by W. Heighway.
Dr. Belg-rafif. A play by Charles
Klein, first performed (for copyright pur-
poses), Vaudeville Theatre, London, October
31, 1896 ; produced at Park Opera House,
Erie. Pa., November 2, 1896, with Wilton
Lackaye in the title part ; first performed
in New York at the Garden Theatre, April
19, 1897.
Dr. Bill. A farcical comedy in three
acts, adapted by Hamilton Aid^ from 'Le
Docteur Jo- Jo ' of Albert Carre (Paris Cluny,
March 16, 1888), and first performed at the
Avenue Theatre, London, on February 1,
1890, with Fred Terry in the title part {Dr.
William Bro^vn), Miss Elizabeth Robins as
Mrs. Brown, Miss F. Brough as 3[rs. Hor-
ton. Miss Edith Kennard as Miss Fauntle-
roy (" the Kangaroo Girl "), and other parts
by A. Chevalier, B. Webster, H. Grattan,
Miss C. Leclercq, Miss L. Graves, and Miss
M. Linden ; in March, George Alexander
replaced F. Terry, and in July was himself
replaced by J. G. Grahame. The piece was
produced at the Garden Theatre, New York,
in September, 1890 ; and revived at the
Court Theatre, London, December 8, 1894,
with C. H. Hawtrey in the title part and
Miss Lottie Venne as Mrs. Hortoa.
DR. CHETWYND
422
DRAGON'S GIFT
Dr. Chetwyiid. A plav in four acts,
by F. C. Philips (q.v.). Opera House,
Cheltenham, January 20, 1896.
Dr. Claudius. A play, in a prelude
and four acts, founded by Marion Craw-
ford and Harry .•5T. Maur on the former's
noYel so named, and perfoi-med, for copy-
right purposes, at the Vaudeville Theatre,
London, January 29, 1397 ; first acted in
America at the Fifth Avenue Theatre, Xew
York, February 1, 1S97, by E. M. HoUand,
Joseph Holland, and their company.
Dr. Clyde. A comedy in five acts, first
performed in U.S.A., and produced at the
Alexandra Opera House, Sheffield, July 19,
18S0.
Dr. D. A comic opera in two acts, li-
bretto by C. P. COLNAGHI, music by jCots-
ford Dick, first performed at the Royalty
Theatre, London, May 30, 1SS5, with H.
Ashley in the title part (Z)ocfor Dosemojfen),
and other rOles by Miss Amy Florence, Miss
Ethel Pierson, Miss Emily Cross, etc. ; re-
vived at the Opera Comique Theatre in
December, 1891, as ' A Spring Legend,' with
Cairns James as the Doctor, and other parts
by Miss Edith Chester, Miss Laura Linden,
Mrs. Copleston, S. Barraclough, W. R.
Shirley, etc.
Dr. Faust and Miss Marguerite ;
or, 'xhe Young- Duck -with the Old
Q,uack. A burlesque by R. J. 3Iartin
and E. H. P. Hobdat, first produced by
amateurs at the Queen's Theatre, Dublin,
on August 24, 1885.
Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. (1) A play
by T. Russell Sullivan, founded on the
story by R. L. Stevenson, and first per-
formed at Boston, U.S.A., in May, 1887,
with Richard Mansfield in the title roles.
Miss Isabel Evesson as Agnes Careiv, and
Miss Emma Sheridan as Rebecca; first per-
formed in England at the Lyceum The-
atre, London, on August 4, 1889, with R.
Mansfield and Miss Sheridan as before.
Miss B. Cameron as Agnes, D. H. Harkins
as Dr. Lanyon, :Mrs. Harkins as Mrs.
Lanyon, etc. (2) A play based by Daniel
E. Band MANN on the same original, and
first performed in U.S.A. in ISSS; produced
at the Opera Comique, London, on August
6, 1888, with the adapter in the title parts,
Miss L. Beaudet as Sybil, and other roles by
Miss L. Seccombe, 5liss Ada Neilson, H.
Loraine, and S. Calhaem. — There is another
dramatic version of the story, written by
D. Davidson and C. Young, and performed
in U.S.A.
Dr. Johnson. An episode in one act,
by Leo Trevor (q.v.), first performed at
the Theatre Royal, Richmond, May 11,
1896 ; Strand Theatre, London, April 23,
1897, with Arthur Bourchier in the title
part, Fred Thorne as Bosxcell, Miss Sidney
Crowe as Mrs. Bosicell, and C Weir as
Captain McKenzie. See Johnson, Samuel.
Dr. Syntax. A comic opera, written
by J. Cheevek Goodwin, music by Wool-
son Morse, acted first under that title.
Montreal, Canada, August 27, 1894 ; first in
New Y^ork, Broadway Theatre, September
3, 1894. See Cinderella at School. (2)
' Dr. Syntax, the Hypnotist : ' a comedy-
drama by William Busch, Adelphi The-
atre, Liverpool, September 24, 1894. (3)
' Dr. Syntax : ' a musical comedy-drama in
three acts, by Charles Freeman, Roval
Concert Hall, St. Leonard's-on-Sea, June' 3
1895.
Dr. and Mrs. Neill. A play in three
acts, by Clo Graves, first performed at
Theatre Royal, Manchester, September 28,
1894, with J. Forbes Robertson and Miss
Kate Rorke in the title parts. Miss M.
Rorke as Lady Cartheiv, T. B. Thalberg as
Valancy, and E. W. Gardiner as Flunkett;
Grand Theatre, Islington, September 9, 1895,
with Miss K. Rorke and E. W. Gardiner
in their original roles, Brandon Thomas as
Br. Xeill, and Miss Beatrice Lamb as Lady
Carthew.
Drag-g-lethorp, Tiddy. A character
in W. Phillips's ' Lost in London' {q.v.).
Dragron (The) is a leading character
in G. Abbott a Beckett's and Mark
Lemon's ' St. George and the Dragon ' {q.v.),
and in other versions of the same story.
Drag-on Knig-ht (The) ; or, The
Q,ueen of Beauty. A drama in two :
acts, by Edward Stirling, founded on H.
Ainsworth's ' Crichton,' and first performed
at the Adelphi Theatre, London, on Novem-
ber 18, 1839, with Lyon as the Admirable
Crichton (the Dragon Knight), Miss M. Lee
as Esclairmonde (the Queen of Beauty), ;
Yates as Henri de Valois, Maynard as '
Gonzago, Saville as Joyevse, Wright as ,
Chicot {the jester), Mrs. Fosbroke as Cathe- '
rine de Medicis, Miss Allison as Marguerite ,'
de Valois, and Miss E. Honner as Genevra. ;
Dragon of Wantley (The) was,
•written by Henry Carey {q.v.) and com- '
posed by J. F. Lampe, in burlesque of the
Italian operas of their day. It was first,
performed at Covent Garden on October 26,
1737, with Reinhold as the Dragon, Salway.'
as Moore, Laguerre as Gaffer Gubbins, Miss
J. Y'oung as Margery Gubbins, and Miss E.'
Y'oung as Mauxalinda. Moore, who is in;
love with Margery, slays the Dragon by
kicking him in the rear ; Avhereupon Gub-
bins cries —
" The Loves of this brave Knight, and my fair Daughter,
In Eoratorios shall be sung hereafter."
Mauxalinda is an old flame of Moore's, and
jealous of Margery, whom she essays to kilb
with a bodkin. A sequel, or second part,'
of ' The Dragon of Wantley,' entitled 'Mar-
gery ; or, A Worse Plague than the Dragon,\
was produced at Covent Garden in Decem-
ber, 1838. (2) ' The Dragon of Wantley ; or.
Old Mother Shipton,' a pantomime by E.,
L. Blanchard, produced at Drury Lane in
December, 1870.
Dragon's Gift (The). A play liy J. R.
Planche, produced at Drury Lane Theatre
on April 12, 1830.
i
DRAGONS DE VILLARS
42.3
DRAMATIST
Dragons de Villars (Les). A comic
opera, composed by Maillart, and first
performed in London (in French) at the
Gaiety, on June 24, 1875 ; afterwards per-
formed in London, with an English libretto,
under the title of ' The Dragoons' (q.v.).
Dragrooner, Mrs. The "Auntie" of
H. J. Byron's farcical comedy so named
(q.v.).
Dragroons (The). A comic opera in
three acts, the music by Maillart, the li-
bretto by Henry Hersee, adapted from
that of 'Les Dragons de Villars' (q.v.) ; first
performed at the Folly Theatre, London, on
lApril 14, 1879, Avith Mdme. Dolaro as Rose
Friqiiet, Miss Alma Stanley as Georgette.,
F. Leslie as Thibaut, C. J. Campbell as
Sylvain, and F. H. Celli as Bellamy.
Drake, James, M.D. Author of ' The
Sham Lawyer,' a comedy (1697) ; also, of a
criticism on Jeremy Collier's ' Short View
Df the Immorality and Profaneness of the
English Stage,' entitled ' The Antient and
Modern Stages Survey'd, or Mr. Collier's
View ... set in a True Light ' (1699).
Drake, Julia. Actress ; daughter of
Samuel Drake the actor (1772-1847) ; succes-
ively Mrs. Fosdick and Mrs. Dean ; " was,"
lays T. Allston Brown in 'The American
otage,' " the first native-born actress that
Electrified the Western country in 1S15."
■JeeDEAN, Julia.
Drake, Mrs. Alexander [nee Denny].
Lctress, born at Albany, N.Y. ; first ap-
peared in Philadelphia in 1821, and in New
'ork in 1832,
Drama (The). A poem, published in
775, and ascribed both to H. Downman
nd F. PiLON.
Drama (The), or Theatrical Pocket
lag-azine. A periodical started in May,
i2l, and continued till 1825.
Dram.a at Home (The). A " revue "
y J. R. Planch i5:, produced at the Hay-
larket Theatre, London, at Easter, 1844,
ith a cast including C J. Mathews, James
land. Miss P. Horton, and Mrs. Glover.
Drama's Levee (The) ; or, A Peep
t the Past, A "revue" by J. R.
LANCHi^, produced at the Olympic The-
;re, London, on April 16, 1838.
Dramas of the "Wine Shop (The),
melodrama, adapted by B. Webster, jun.,
om 'Les Drames du Cabaret' (g.t-.), and
•educed at the Adelphi Theatre, London.
Dramatic Biog-raphy. See Ox-
iRRY, W.
Dramatic Censor (The), or Critical
ompanion, bv Francis Gentleman,
IS published in 1770. " It is," says R. W.
nve, "a very valuable work so far as its
iticisms upon the actors are concerned."
) ' Tlie Dramatic Censor, or Weekly The-
lical Report,' by Thomas Dutton, was
issued from January 4 to June 28, 1800, after
which it became a "monthly epitome." In
July, 1801, its title was changed to 'The
Dramatic and Literary Censor.'
Dramatic Gazette (The), a weekly
record of the stage, appeared between Octo-
ber 9, 1830, and January 1, 1831, inclusive.—
'The Dramatic and Musical Review' was
published between 1842 and 1847.— 'The
Dramatic Chronicle and Observer ' appeared
in January, 1870. — 'The Dramatic Review'
began to appear in February, 1885.
Dramatic Magazine (The), issued
monthly, was published in three volumes,
dated 1829-31. — ' Tallis's Dramatic Maga-
zine ' appeared monthly for eight months,
beginning in November, 1850.
Dramatic Mirror (The) : "containing
the history of the stage, from the earliest
period to the present time ; including a
biographical and critical account of all the
dramatic writers from 1660 ; and also of the
most distinguished performers, from the
days of Shakespeare to 1807 ; and a history
of the coimtry tlieatres,in England, Ireland,
and Scotland," by Thomas Gilliland, pub-
lished in 1808. — 'Oxberry's Dramatic Mirror,'
containing the biogra; iiies of certain " emi-
nent performers," appeared in lSi28.
Dramatic Miscellanies. See Davies,
Thomas.
Dramatic Notes. A year-book of the
London stage, edited by Charles Eyre
Pascoe(1S79), W. H. RiT)i;iNr; (issO), Austin
Brereton(1881 to 1880), and Cecil Howard
(1887 to 1892).
Dramatic Poesy, Essay of. See
Dryden, John.
Dramatic Students (The). A Society
thus entitled, consisting of young actors and
actresses desirous to obtain further oppor-
tunities for practice in their art, and to
promote the study of dramatic literature,
was founded in February, 1885, and during
its existence revived the following plays :
'The Two Gentlemen of Verona' (June,
1885), Lamb's ' Mr. H.' and Jerrold's ' House-
keeper' (October, 1885), Dryden's 'Secret
Love ' (.January, 1886), White's ' King of the
Commons ' (May, 1886), Hey wood's ' Woman
killed with Kindness' (March, 1887), W.
Marston's ' Favourite of Fortune ' (Novem-
ber, 1887).
Dramatick. The hero of ' The Author's
Triumph ' (q.v.).
Dramatist (The) ; or, Stop him
■who Can ! A comedy in five acts, by
Frederic Reynolds (q.v.), first performed
at Covent Garden in May, 1789, with Lewis
in the title part ( FapicZ), Munden as Ennui,
Quick as Lord Scratch, Blanchard as Flori-
ville, Holman as Harry Neville, Macready
as Willoughhy, Mrs. Webbas iadj/ Waitror'i,
Miss Brunton as Louisa Courtney, and Mrs.
Wells as Marianne ; liijou Tiieatre, London
W., October 29, 1903.
DRAMES DU CABARET
DREAMS
Drames du Cabaret (Les). See
Dramas of the Wi.ne Shop and Work-
men OF Paris.
Draper, Mattlie-w. Author of ' The
Spendthrift,' a comedy (1731).
Drawcansir, iu Buckingham's 'Re-
hearsal' (q.v.), is a travesty of Almayizor
{q.v.) in ' The Conquest of Granada.'
Dra-wing--E,ooins, Second Floor,
and Attic. A farce by J. Maddison
Morton {q.v.).
Drawn Battle (A). A duologue by
Malcolm Watson, first performed at the
Op6ra Comique Theatre, London, on April
17, 1893, by Charles Fulton and Miss Lena
AshweU.
Drayton, Micliael. The following
dramatic pieces, none of them now in ex-
istence, have been ascribed to this poet : — .
' Connan, Prince of Cornwall ' (1598), ' Earl
Godwin and his Three Sons' (1598), 'The
First Civil Wars in France ' (1598), ' Sir
William Longsword ' (159S), ' Wars of Henry
I. and the Prince of Wales ' (1598), 'Worse
Afeared than Hurt ' (159S), and ' The Two
Harpies ' (1602). See Henslowe's ' Diary,'
'Biographia Draraatica' (1812), Fleay's
' English Drama ' (1891), O. Elton's ' Michael
Drayton' (1893), and the 'Dictionary of
National Biography.'
Dreadfully Alarming-. A farce by
Conwav Euwardes {q.v,) and E. A. CuL-
LERNB, first performed at the Philharmonic
Theatre, London, on September 30, 1871.
Dream. (A); or, Binks' Photo-
g-raphic Gallery. A musical satire by
Nat Childs and AVillie Edouin {q.v.),
first performed in the United States, and
produced at the Avenue Theatre, London,
July 16, 1883.
Dream (The). A tragedy in three acts
and in prose, by Joanna Baillie {q-v.).
" This play," says Genest, " has great merit.
The character of Osterloo {.q.v.} is drawn in
a masterly manner."
Dream at Sea (The). A three-act
drama by J. B. Buckstone, first performed
at the Adelphi Theatre, London, on No-
vember 23, 1835, with the author as Tinkle,
Vining as Launce Lynivood, "O." Smith
as Black Ralph, Miss Daly as Anne Treva-
nion, Mrs. Nisbett as Biddy Nutts ; revived
at the Adelphi in 1836, with Mrs. Stirling
as Biddy ; at Sadler's Wells, London, in 1S38,
with Mrs. Honey as Biddy ; at the Maryle-
bone Theatre in 1848, with the Keeleys ; at
the Adelphi Theatre, London, in January,
1875, with J. Fernandez as Launce, W.
Mclntyre as Black Ralph, J. Fawn as Twin-
kle, Miss Edith Stuart as Anne, and Miss
Hudspeth as Biddy.
Dream Faces. A play in one act, by
W'YNN Miller, first performed at Ramsgate
on October 18, 1888 ; produced at Terry's
Theatre, London, on November 1, 1888, and
revived at the Garrick Theatre on February
22, 1890 ; first performed in America at
Palmer's Theatre, New York, in April
1891.
Dream Flower (The). A pantomimic
fantasy in one act, by Aimee Lowther,
performed at the Comedy Theatre, London'
June 30, 1898.
Dream in "Venice (A). An entertain-
ment in two acts, by T. W. Robertson,
first performed at St. George's Hall, London, i
in March, 1867, by John Parry, T. German.
Reed, Miss S. Galton, and Mrs. German
Reed.
Dream of Fate (The); or, Sarah i
the Jewess. A drama in two act-;, by .
C. Z. Barnett, first performed at Sadler's i
Wells, August 20, 1838, with Cathcart as- ;
David Stolberg (a rich Jew of Frankfort),, j
Mrs. R. Honner as Sarah (his daughter), ■•
and other parts by Miss Pincott, Conquest,, i
J. Webster, R. Honner, etc. .'
Dream of Life (A). A play by Walter I
Watts, produced at the Marylebone The- '
atre in March, 1849.
Dream of Love (A). A comedy in two ;
acts, by John Oxenford {q.v.), first per- !
formed at the Op^ra Coraique Theatre,. '
London, on October 21, 1S72. *
Dream of the Future (A). A comedy •
in three acts, by Charles Dance {qv.), first \
performed at the Olympic Theatre, London, .
on November 6, 1837, with a cast including \
J. Vining, C. J. Mathews, F. Matthews, '
J. Brougham, Mdme. Vestris, etc. The 1
" dream " occupies the second act. '
Dream of "Whitaker's Almanack ■
(A). An "up-to-date review," produced at
the Crystal Pala&p on June 5, 1899, with a !
cast including Miss Violet Cameron, Miss ;
Louie Pounds, Miss L. Linden, L. Rignold, .
A. Helmore, A. Collard, etc. :'
Dream Spectre (The); or. The!
Leg-end of the Sleeper's Shrift. A:
romantic drama in three acts, by T. Eger-
ton Wilks, first performed at the Victoria.
Theatre, London, July 24, 1843.
Dreamer Awake (The); or, The
Pugilist Matched. A farce by Etre,<
performed at Covent Garden in May, 1791, '
with Munden as Sir David Droivsy, Bernard
as Boh Sparwell (a pugilist), Macready as-;
Orrnand, etc. .
Dreams. A comedy in five acts, byt
T. W. Robertson {q.v.), founded on a short,
story contributed by Robertson to a col-
lection of tales called 'A Bunch of Keys,',,
and first performed at Liverpool in Feb-
ruary, 1869, as ' My Lady Clara,' with D.
Bandmann as Rudolph, Mrs. Bandmann as
Lady Clara Vere de Vere, Miss R. Sanger
as Lina, E. Saker as John Hobbs, J. Chester
as the Duke of Loamshire, and A. Glover as
the Earl of Mount Forrest Court ; produced,
as ' Dreams ' at the Gaiety Theatre, London,
on March 27, 1869, with Miss M. Robertson'
(Mrs. Kendal) as Lady Clara, Mrs. Leigh
as Frau Har/thal, Miss R. Sanger as Lina,
ih
rl
(
DREAMS OF DELUSION
425
DREW
A. Wigan as Rudolph, J. Clayton as the
Earl, J. Maclean as the Duke, R. Soutar
as Hobbs; revived in the autumn, with Sam
Emery and Henry Neville as the old and
young German respectively ; performed at
Boston, U.S.A., in March, 1869, as 'My
Lady Clara ; ' first produced in New York
(by A. Daly) at the Fifth Avenue Theatre
on September 6, 1869, with E. L. Davenport
as Vo7i Har/thal, George Clarke as Rudolf,
James Lewis as John Hobbp:, Holland and
Davidge as the pensioners, Mrs. Clara Jen-
nings as Lady Clara, Miss Agnes Ethel as
Lena, and Mrs. Gilbert as Frau Von Harf-
thal. " The play passed through the hands
of Mr. Boucicault before it was produced
by Mr. Daly." "Its story is the very, very
old one of the slighted love of a poor young
man for a rich young woman." (2) A play
by M. Fuller, performed in U.S.A. in
1889.
Dreams of Delusion. A play in one
act, by Palgrave Simpson (q.v.), in which
'G. V. Brooke played Sir Bernard Harleigh.
Dreary, Wat. A highwayman in Gay's
' Beggar's Opera.'
Dred. (1) A drama by John Coleman
land F. Phillips, performed at the Surrey
jTheatre, London, in October, 18ri6. (2) A
idrama by Walter Banks, 3»rince of Wales's
Theatre, Wolverhampton, November 19,
1872.
Dresden China. A fantasy in one act,
by ALICE CiiAPiN and E. IL C. Oliphant,
Vaudeville Theatre, London, July 21, 1892.
Dressalinda. Sister of Beautu in
Planciie's 'Beauty and the Beast' {q.v.).
Dress Coat (The). A farce by F. W.
GrREEN, first performed at the Strand The-
itre, London, June 29, 1876.
Drew, Georg-iana. Actress ; daughter
if Mrs. John Drew (^.r.) ; wife of Maurice
Sarrymore {q.v.) ; died 1S93 ; made lier first
ippearance at the Fifth Avenue Theatre,
New York, in 1876 as Clara in ' Money '
q.v.). At the same house in the same year
ilie was the oi-iginal Mrs. Gresham in ' Life,'
ind the first representative in America of
\Selen in 'Weak Woman.' besides figuring
<is Celia in ' As You Like It,* Mrs. Torrens in
fThe Serious Family,' and Louise in ' Frou-
iFrou.' She was seen at the Haymarket,
'.ondon, in 1SS6, as Eureka Grubb in her
lusband's play, • Nadjezda.'
Drew, John. Actor, born in Dublin,
leptember, 1827 ; died Philadelphia, Jlay,
862 ; " was not only a renowned personator
f Irish characters, but an admirable actor
f light, eccentric comedy parts. In New
Tork, Philadelphia, San Francisco, Albany,
nd other cities where he was an especial
.ivourite, he was more closely identified
dth ' Handy Andy,' Dr. O'Toole, Sir Lucius
^'Trigger, ' The Irish Emigrant,' and other
lopular representations of Irishmen, than
ny actor since the days of Tyrone Power "
Douglas Taylor). Joseph Jefferson, who
iw Drew act in 1856, says : "Power, as a
light and brilliant actor, . . . was un-
doubtedly unparalleled in his line, but I
doubt if he could touch the heart as deeply
as did John Drew " (' Autobiography '). In
1S60 Drew appeared at the Lyceum, London,
as Handy Andy, and was then described by
Henry Morley as "by far the best Irish
comedian seen in London since the days of
Power," and as "keeping the house m as
genuine a roar of mirth as is to be heard at
any of the playhouses " (' Journal of a Play-
goer '_). For a couple of seasons Drew was
associated with W. Wheatley in the lessee-
ship of the Arch Street Theatre, Philadel-
phia. Mrs. John Drew, in her ' Autobio-
gi-aphical Sketch' (1900), describes her
husband as " one of the best actors I ever
saw, in a long list of the most varied de-
scription. Had he lived to be forty-five he-
would have been a great actor."
Drew, John. Actor ; son of the above ;
made his professional d^.but on March 22,
1873, at the Arch Street Theatre, Philadel-
phia, as Plumper in ' Cool as a Cucumber '
Iq.v.). He remained at this theatre, unde?
his mother's management, till January,
1875, when he was the original representa-
tive of Major Steel in ' Women of the Day.'
This performance brought him the offer of
an engagement at New York with Augustin
Daly, with whom (save for a tour with
' Diplomacy' in 1878-9), he continued to be=
associated until 1892. Under Daly's auspices,
he was the original performer of Bob Bug-
gies in 'The liig Bonanza' (1875), Gyll in
' Pique ' (1875), Chrisalde in Howard's
'Wives' (1879). Alex Sprinkle in 'An Ara-
bian Night' (1879), Clyde Monogram in ' The
Way we Live' (1880), Corliss in 'Seven-
Twenty-Eight (1883), Latimer in ' Dollars
and Sense' (1883), Austin in 'Love on,
Crutches' (1S84), Jack Mulberry in ♦ A Night
Of!' (1885), Kiefe O'Eicfe in 'Nancy and
Co.' (1886), Everett in 'The Railroad of
Love' (1887), Adolphus Doubledot in 'The
Lottery of Love ' (1888), Harry Rutherell in
' The Last Word ' (1890), and Robin Hood in
' The Foresters ' (1892). He was also in the
first cast of ' Newport,' ' Our First Famihes,'
' Needles and Pins,' ' An American Abroad,'
'The Passing Regiment,' 'Red Letter
Nights,' 'After Business Hours,' 'Love in
Harness,' ' The Golden Widow,' ' Love in
Tandem,' etc. ; as well as in the first Ameri-
can casts of ' The Squire,' ' Lords and Com-
mons,' ' The Magistrate,' ' Dandy Dick,'
' New Lamps for Old,' 'The Cabinet Minis-
ter,' etc. His repertory during this period
included, further, Don Philip in ' She AVould
and She Would Not ' (1883), Belville in ' The
Country Girl,' Captain Plume in 'The Re-
cruiting Officer,' Ford in • The Merry Wives,'
Petruchio, Demetrius in ' A Midsummer
Night's Dream,' Young Mirabel in 'The
Inconstant,' Orlando, Charles Surface, and
the King in ' Love's Labour's Lost ' (1891).
He acted in London with Dalv's company
in 1S84, 1886, 1888, and 1890. " In 1892 he
be^i^an his career as a travelling " star" by
appearing in America in ' The Masked
Ball ' {q.v.). Among his more recent roles.
DREAV
426
DRUGGET
in America -n-ere those of Mr. Kilroy in ' The
Squire of Dames' (g.r.) and Dick Rudy a rd
iu ' One Summer's L»ay ' {q.v.).
Dre-w, Mrs. John [Louise Lane].
Actress, born iu London, January, 1S20 ;
died August, 1S97 ; daughter of Thomas
Frederick Lane, an EngUsh actor ; began
her professional career in the English
provinces as a representative of stage-chil-
dren. In 1827 she went -with her mother
to America, where she fig-ured at the old
Walnut Street Theatre, Philadelphia, as the
Duke of York to the elder Booth's Bichard
III. and as Albert to Edwin Forrest's Tell.
From this point till 1830 she " starred" as a
child actress, appearing as Little Pickle, Dr.
Pangloss, Goldfinch, and so forth. Various
local and touring engagements followed, and
in 1836 Miss Lane was married to an actor
named Henry Blaine Hunt. Her first ap-
pearances as " leading lady " were made at
Xatchey, Missouri, where she played Lady
Macbeth, Pauline De.-^chapelles, etc. Thence
she went to Philadelphia. Pittsburg, Cincin-
nati, Louisville, and the Park Theatre, New
York, where she made a special success
as Fortunio. In 1848 she married George
Mossop, who died a few months after, and
in 1850 she was united to John Drew
iq.v.). At Philadelphia she played Hypo-
lita in 'She Would and She Would Not.'
In 1861 she became lessee of the Arch Street
Theatre there — a position which she re-
tained till May, 1892, that is to say, for
thirtj'-one consecutive years. In 18S0 she
accepted an engagement to play Mrs. Mala-
prop on tour with Joseph Jefferson ; this
lasted till 1892, after which she " starred"
for a time under the management of her
adopted son, Sidney White Drew. Jeffer-
son says of her appearances with him in
* The Rivals : ' " During our first rehearsal
of the comedy, Mrs. John Drew introduced
some novel business in her first scene with
Captain Absolute that struck me as one of
the finest points I had ever seen made.
When Mrs. Malaprop hands the letter for
the Captain to read she gives him her own
love-letter lately received by her from Sir
Lucius O'Triyger. As the Captain reads
the first line, which betrays the secret, Mrs.
Drew starts, blushes, and simperingly ex-
plains that ' there is a slight mistake.' Her
manner during this situation was the per-
fection of comedy " (' Autobiography,' 1889).
" Tlie persuasive excellence of the work,"
wrote WUliam Winter (1880), " is its intense
reality, and this redeems the extravagance
of the character and the farcical quality of
the text. For the first time it seemed as if
Mrs. Malaprop might truly exist."
Drifting- Apart. A play by J. A.
Herne iq.v.), performed in U.S.A. in 1888.
Drill. A character in ' At Home ' (q.v.),
performed originally by Emery.
Drink. A play in five acts, adapted by
Charles Reade \q.v.) from Busnach and
Gastineau's dramatization of 31. Zola's
novel, 'L'Assommoir' (Paris Ambigu, Jan-
uary 19, 1S79), and first performed at the
Princess's Theatre, London, on June 2
1879, with C. Warner as Coiqyeau, W. Rigl
nold as Goujet, W. Redmund as Lantier
T. P. Haynes as Mes Bottes, Beauchamp as
Poison, Miss Amy Roselle as Gervaise, Miss
Fanny Leslie as Phoebe Sage, iliss Ada
Murray as Virginie, and Miss Katie Barry
as Nana ; revived at Drury Lane Theatre in
June, 1891 ; at the Princess's in July, 1896 ;
at the Britannia in August, 1897, and at
the Adelphi in January, 1900. See ASSOM-
MOIR, L'.
" Drink to-day, and drown all
sorrow." First line of a song in Flet-
cher's 'Bloody Brother' (g.t'.).
Drive Love out of the Door and :
He'll come in at the "Window. A i
ballet, performed at Drury Lane in May, )
1815.
Driven from Home. (1) A drama in ;
three acts, by G. H. Macdermott, first ,
performed at the Grecian Theatre, London, \
on July 31, 1871. (2) A domestic drama in .
four acts, first performed at the Grand ,
Theatre, Birmingham, in October, 1B84;
produced at the Pavilion Theatre, London, :
on June 14, 1886.
Droit d'Ainesse (Le). See Falka.
Dromio. The name of twin brothers •
in 'The Comedy of Errors' (q.v.), servants ]
respectively to Antipjholus of Ephesus and .
Antipholus of Syracuse.
Dross; or, The Root of Evil. A
comedy in four acts, by M. E. Braddg.x
(q.v), printed in 1882.
Drowsy, Sir David and Lady. ,
Characters in Eyre's ' Dreamer Awake '
(q.v.).
Druce, Dan'l and Dorothy. See
Dan'l Druce.
Drudg-e, Dick, in D. Jerrold's 'Nell
Gwynne ' (q.v.).
Drue, Thomas. Author of ' The Life
of the Duchess of Suffolk,' an historical play
(1631), and part-author, with Robert Daven-
port, of ' The Woman's Mistaken.'
Drug-ger, Ahel. A tobacconist in
Ben Jonson's 'Alchemist' (q.v.). This
was one of Garrick's most notable parts :
he " represented the tobacco-boy in the
truest comic style ; the moment he came '
upon the sta§;e he discovered the most awk- ,
ward simplicity, and through the whole part
strictly observed the modesty of nature." :•
Hannah More wrote of the performance
(in 1776) : " I should have thought it aa ,
possible for Milton to have written ' Hudi-
bras' and Butler ' ParacUse Lost ' as for one ;
man to have played Hamlet and Drugger
with so much " excellence." See, also,
O'Keefe's 'Reminiscences.'
Drug-g-et. (1) A rich haberdasher in ,
Murphy's 'Three Weeks after Marriage'
(q.v.). (2) A wealthy citizen in ' What we
must All Come to ' (q.v.).
i^:
•f
If"
ffci
lift
DRUID
427
DRY DEN
Druid, Dr. A Welsh pedant in CUM-
3ERLAND's 'Fashionable Lover' (q.v.).
Druids (The). A pantomime masque
:n two parts, contrived by Woodward, and
Irst performed at Co vent Garden in No-
■ember, 1774.—' The Druid ' is the title of a
.'tragic opera" in three acts, composed by
■■. M. Capes, and produced at St. George's,
i-ebruary 22, 1879.
Drum Major (The). An opera pro-
duced at the Casino, New York, in Novem-
,.er, 1889, with a cast including Miss Georgie
)ennin and Edwin Stevens. See Fille de
Tambour Major.
; Drumclog- ; or, The Covenanters.
I drama produced at the Theatre Royal,
Idinburgb, September 5, 1871.
Drummer (The) ; or, The Haunted
louse. A comedy in five acts, by Joseph
ij)DlSON (q.v.), first performed at Drury
i,ane on March 10, 1716, with Wilks as Sir
I'eorge Trximan, Johnson as Vellum (his
;:eward). Gibber as Tinsel (a coxcoml)),
'[ills as Fantome (the drummer), Pinketh-
ian as the butler, Miller as the coachman,
'orris as the gardener, Mrs. Saunders as
bigail (a maid), and Mrs. Oldfield as Ladi/
ruman. Being presented anonymously,
;ie play was not very warmly received. It
ias, however, revived at Lincoln's Inn
'ields in 1722 (after the author's death),
ith more success. Other revivals took place
L 1738, 1745, 1754, 1762, and 1771. In 1786
le work was performed at Covent Garden
two acts, and in 1794 at Drury Lane in
iree. Addison seems to have confessed
■ Theobald that he took the character of
ellum, the steward, from Fletcher's ' Scorn-
1 Lady ' (q.v.). " The piece is, like ' Cato,'
standing proof of Addison's deficiency in
amatic genius. The plot is poor and
ivial ; nor does the dialogue, though it
ows in many passages traces of its author's
::culiar vein of humour, make amends by
[3 brilliancy for the tameness of the dra-
[atic situations" (\V. J. Courthope).
Drummer in Petticoats (A). A
ay by H. P. Taylor (q.v.), performed in
S.A.
Drummond, Dolores. Actress; born
; London, 1840 ; entered the profession, in
jistralia, in 1858, her first role being that of
\isdemona. Her English debut was made
the Standard Theatre, London, in Novem-
r, 1874, as Hermione in ' The Winter's
\q' (q.v.). She was the original Hor-
ise in ' Jo ' at the Globe Theatre in 1876,
d played Lisa in ' Kltinella ' at the Prin-
53's in 1878. She was afterwards in the
ginal casts of 'Doctor Cupid' (1889),
ady Bountiful' (1891), 'The Lancashire
ilor ' (1891), ' Forgiveness ' (1891), ' Admi-
Gninea' (1C97), etc., also taking part in
'ivals of ' Proof ' (Princess's, 1SS9), ' Theo-
ra ' (same theatre, 1890), ' Sweet Lavender '
' irry's, 1890), 'The Two Orphans ' (Adelphi,
14), ' Romeo and Juliet ' (Lyceum, 1895),
i i so forth.
Drunkard (The). (1) A farce in two
acts, printed in 1805. (8) A drama in four
acts, adapted by W. H. Sjiith, and first
performed at the Museum, Boston, U.S.A.,
in 1844. (3) An adaptation of Zola's ' L'As-
.sommoir' (q.v.), by Benjamin Webster,
produced at the Holte Theatre, Birmingham,
September 29, 1879.
Drunkard's Children (The). A
drama in two acts, by J. B. Johnstone (g.v.).
Drunkard's Doom (The). (1) A
drama in two acts, by George Dibdin Pitt,
fii-st performed at the Victoria Theatre,
London, September 24, 1832. (2) An adapta-
tion of Zola's ' L'Assommoir' (g.u), produced
at Plymouth, September 8, 1879.
Drunkard's Glass (The). A drama
in one act, by Thomas Morton (g.v.), first
performed at the Lyceum Theatre, London,
on April 21, 1845, with Emery as the hero
(Michael Gray), Diddear (.John Hulks),
Meadows, and Mrs. Alfred Wigan ; after-
wards played under the title of ' Another
Glass.'
Drunkard's List (The). A drama
produced at the Colosseum Theatre, Liver-
pool, April 1, 1872.
Drunkard's "Warning- (The). A
drama in three acts, by C. W. Taylor, first
performed at Barnum's Museum, New York,
in 1856.
Drury Lane Theatre. See London
Theatres.
Drury, Kohert. An attorney ; author
of the following plays :—' The Devil of a
Duke' (1732), 'The Mad Captain' (173.3),
' The Fancy 'd Queen ' (1733), and ' The Rival
Milliners' (1735).
Dryden, John. Poet, dramatist, and
miscellaneous writer, born at Aklwincle,
Nurthampton.shire, August 9, 1631, die<l
May 1, 1700 ; son of Erasmus Dryden, J. P.,
and grandson of Sir Erasmus Dryden, Bt. ;
educated at Westminster School, whence he
went in 1650 to Trinity College, Cambridge,
where he took his BA. degree in 1654. In
the last-named year his father died, leaving
him property worth about £120 a year. In
1657 he began to reside in London, publish-
ing his first poem in 1658. In 1663 he married
La^dy Elizabeth Howard, sister of his friend
Sir Robert Howard (g.v.), and daughter of
the Earl of Berkshire. With her, apparently,
he received some augmentation of his in-
come, which, however, it was necessary to
supplement by his pen. Hence his decision
to write for the stage. His first play, ' The
Wild Gallant,' was produced by the King's
Company at Lincoln's Inn Fields in February,
1663. Later in the year came • The Rival
Ladies,' by the same company, at the King's
Theatre, for M'hich Drvden wrote in suc-
cession, 'The Indian Queen' (1664), 'The
Indian Emperor ' (1665), and ' Secret Love ;
or. The Maiden Queen' (1667). ' Sir Martin
INIai'all,' an adaptation, saw the light at the
Duke's Theatre in 1667, and was followed at
the same house in the same year by Drvden
DRYDEN
428
DRYDEN
andDavenant's adaptation of ' The Tempest '
iq.v.). Dryden now made an arrangement
by which he undertook to supply the King's
Theatre with three plays per annum, in
return for a share and a quarter of the
profits made by the management. From
this source he seems to have received £800
or £400 a year up to 1672, thou.:h he did
not fulfil his own part of the undertaking.
The pieces which he produced under the
agreement were ' An Evening's Love ; or,
The Mock Astrologer,' an adaptation (166S),
' Ladies h la Mode,' a translation (166S),
' Tyrannic Love ; or. The Royal Martyr '
(16*69), and ' Almanzor and Almahide ; or,
The Conquest of Granada ' (1670). The
theatre was burned down in January, 1672,
and the company migrated to the house in
Lincoln's Inn Fields, where Dryden pro-
duced his ' Marriage k la Mode ' (1672), ' The
Assignation ; or, Love in a Nunnery' (1672),
and ' Amboyna ; or. The Cruelties of the
Dutch to the English Merchants' (1673).
A new King's Theatre was opened in 1674,
and therein, in 1675, was produced Dryden's
' Aurengzebe ; or, The Great Mogul.'
Hitherto his plays had been written in
rhymed verse. [In 'All for Love ; or. The
Wurld Well Lost,' brought out at the King's
in the winter of 1677-8, he resorted to blank
verse, in avowed imitation of Shakespeare.
The tragedy was a great success, and the
delighted management voluntarily allotted
to him the profits of the third day's repre-
sentation. Nevertheless, he took his next
play, ' (Edipus,' written in collaboration
with Nathaniel Lee, to the Duke's Theatre
in Dorset .Gardens, where, also, 'The Kind
Keeper, or Limberham ' (1678), an adaptation
of 'Troilus and Cressida' (1679), and 'The
Spanish Friar ; or. The Double Discovery '
(16S1), were produced. In December, 16S2,
appeared ' The Duke of Guise,' in which
Dryden and Lee again collaborated. In
June, 1685, came ' Albion and Albanius,' in
the midst of a period more remarkable for
activity on Dryden's part in the poetical
than in the dramatic sphere. In 1670 he
had been appointed Poet Laureate and
Historiographer Royal, and in 1683 Collector
of the Customs in the Port of London. On
the accession of William and Mary in 16SS,
having meanwhile become a Roman Ca-
tholic, he lost all three posts, and had to
turn once more to the stage as a means of
livelihood. The result was the production
in 1690 of 'Don Sebastian' and 'Amphi-
tryon,' in 1691 of 'King Arthur; or, The
British Worthy' (a sequel to 'Albion and
Albanius '), in 1692 of ' Cleomenes ; or, The
Spartan Hero' (with Thomas Southerne),
and in 1694 of ' Lojve Triumphant ; or.
Nature will Prevail.'/ This was his last
Ijlay, though, shortly'before his death, he
wrote an additional scene for a performance
of Fletcher's 'Pilgiim ' (q-v.) for the benefit
of his son Charles. He had composed, in
the course of his career, a large number of
prologues and epilogues to his own plays
and the plays of other writers, and of these
a comp''ete collection will be found in tlie
'Globe' Edition of his 'Poetical Works'
(1881). In 1666, while living in the country,
Dryden wrote his ' Essay of Dramatic Poesy,'
in which he advocated the use of rhymed
verse in tragedy. This was published two
years later. It was criticized by Sir R.
Howard in the preface to his play, 'The
Duke of Lerma ' (1668), and Dryden defended
himself in the preface to a second edition
of his ' Indian Emperor.' The ' Essay ' has
been frequently reprinted. To the two
Parts of ' The Conquest of Granada,' printed
in 1672, Dryden prefixed an 'Essay on
Heroic Plays,' in which he again advocated
the use of rhymed verse ; appending to the
play an 'Essay on the Dramatic Poets oi:
the Last Age,' "a defence of his Epilogue
to the Second Part, in which he had claimed
superiority for the dramatic v/r iters of the
time over Ben Jonson and others of the
preceding age " (W. D. Christie). Sir
Richard Blackmore, in the preface to his
' Prince Arthur ' (1695^, censured Dryden
for the immorality of his plays, and to this,
the dramatist made answer in the preface
to his ' Fables ' (1700) and in a prologue
spoken on March 25, 1700. To Jeremy ^-
Collier's attack on the stage, published in- )■■
1698, Dryden offered replies in a short poem s:
addressed to P. A. Motteux on his tragedy
called ' Beauty in Distress' (q.v.), and in an
epilogue spoken on March 25, 1700. A col-
lected edition of Dryden's plays M'as pub-
lished in 1701 ; and another was edited by
Congreve in 1717. Sir Walter Scott's editioc
of the Works appeared (with a memoir) in
]SOS. and a^ain. revised and corrected bv
George Saintsbury, in 1882-93. A selection
from Dryden's plays, prefaced and anno-,
tated by George Saintsbury, was added to
the "Mermaid Series " in 1904. The Prosei
Works, edited (with a memoir) by Malone,
appeared in 1800. See, also, ' Essays ' edited:
by C. D. Yonge (18S2), ' Discourses ' edited,
by H. Morley (18S6), and ' Essays' edited by
W. P. Ker (1900). In the monograph contri-
buted by him to the ' English Men of Letters'
series (1S81), George Saintsbury, discussing
Dryden's dramatic works, says : " Great
as are the drawbacks of these plays, theiz
position in the history of English dramatic
literature is still a high and remarkable^
one. . . . The reader who, ignorant of tha
English heroic play, goes to Dryden for in '
formation about it, may be surprised and
shocked at its inferiority to the drama o;
the great masters. But he who goes to it.
knowing the contemporary work of Dave'
nant and Boyle, of Howard and Settle, wil,
rather wonder at the tmreatched literarj
faculty which from such data could evolvi.
such a result. . . . Dryden did so far managt
to conciliate the gifts of the playwright anc
the poet, that he produced work whict
was good poetry and good acting material
Most, however, of his numerous hostile
critics would confess and avoid the tragedies
and would concentrate their attention oi
the comedies. It is impossible to help, ii
part, imitating and transferring their tactics'
No apology for the offensive characteristics 0
these productions is possible. The coarsenes
of Dryden's plays is unpardonable. ... It i
DRYDEN
429
DUBLIN
.eliberate, it is unnecessary, it is a positive
iefect in art. . Yet I, for my part, shall
icill maintain that the merits of Dryden's
amedies are by no means inconsiderable ;
ideed, that when Shakespeare, and Jonson,
Qd Fletcher, and Etherege, and Wycherley,
ad Congreve, and Vanbrugh, and Sheridan
ave beeii put aside, he has few superiors.
. . The one disqualification under which
tryden laboured, the disqualification to
reate a character, would have been in any
;sser man a hopeless bar even to the most
loderate dramatic success. But the super-
uman degree in which he possessed the
ther and strictly literary gift of adoption
nd arrangement, almost supplied the place
i what was wanting, and almost made him
16 equal of the more facile makers. . . .
II, or almost all, Dryden's dramatic work
a tour deforce, but then it is such a tour
? force as the world has hardly elsewhere
ien. He was ' bade to toil on to make
lem sport,' and he obeyed the bidding with
erhaps less reluctance than he should have
lown. But he managed, as genius always
oes manage, to turn the hack work into a
ossession for ever here and there." For
irther criticism, see Johnson's ' Lives (;f
le Poets," llazlitt's ' English Poets,' Cami)-
ell's ' Specimens,' Bell's Aldine edition of
:ie Poems, Clough's ' Life and Letters,'
iowell's ' Among my Books,' and Masson's
[Essays.' See Baves ; Coronation, Thk;
[iSTAKEN Husband, The ; Reeve, Ann ;
.EHEARSAL, THE ; STATE OF INNOCENCE,
HE.
Dryden, John, jun. Second son of
le poet-dramatist, born 1667-8, died 1701 ;
as the author of ' The Husband his own
uckold,' a comedy performed in 1696, with
prologue by the elder Dryden.
D. T. ; or, Lost hy Drink. An
laptation of Zola's 'L'Assommoir' by C.
,OMAiNE Callender (q.v.), produced at
■radford, August 4, 1879.
D'TJrfey, Thomas. Dramatic writer,
orn 1653, died February, 1723 ; was of
rench parentage, his grandfather having
ed from Rochelle in 162S and settled down
1 Exeter, where Thomas D'Urfey was born.
'Iducated for the law, D'Urfey soon aban-
'oned it for literature, and was for many
ears celebrated as a playwright, and even
tore popular as the author of witty and
umorous verse. His plays (all of which
36) were published in the following order :
-*The Siege of Memphis' (1676). ' The Fond
[usband ' (1676), ' Madam Fickle ' (1677),
The Foolturn'd Critic ' (1678), ' Squire Old-
ipp' (1679), 'The Virtuous Wife' (16S0),
Sir Barnaby Whig' (1681), 'The Royalist'
.682), 'The Banditti' (1636), 'Love for
toney ' (1691), ' The Marriage - Hater
latch'd ' (1692). ' The Richmond Heiress '
i693), 'Comical History of Don Quixote'
.694 and 1696), 'Cynthia and Endymion'
'.697), • Intrigues at Versailles ' (1697), ' The
Campaigners "(1698), 'The Rise and Fall of
lassaniello' (1699 and 1700),' The Bath'
.701), ' Wonders in the Sun ' (1706), ' The
Modern Prophets ' (1709). ' The Old Mode
and the New ' (1709), and ' The English Stage
Italianized' (1727). D'Urfey adapted and
produced Shakespeare's 'Cymbeline' as
'The Injured Princess' (1082), Beaumont
and Fletcher's ' Sea Voyage' as 'The Com-
monwealth of Women' (1685), Fletcher's
' Noble Gentleman ' as ' A Fool's Prefer-
ment ' (1686), and the same writer's ' Mon-
sieur Thomas ' as ' Trick for Trick ' (1678).
He also adapted Chapman's ' Bussy d'Am-
bois' (1691). Altogether, "D'Urfey wrote
or adapted twenty-nine plays which were
acted, be.sides three [' The Two Queens of
Brentford.' ' The Grecian Heroine,' and
'Ariadne'] which he printed in 1721, and
which were never acted." A collection of
his verse was published in various forms
between 1684 and 1720, under the title of
' Wit and Mirth ; or. Pills to Purge Melan-
choly." See Nos. 67 and 82 of ' The Guardian,'
in which Addison and Steele respectively
bore witness to his good qualities as man
and writer. " He has sometimes been spoken
of," says Genest, "with a contempt which
his writings do not deserve. His two trage-
dies were bad ; his alterations from Shake-
speare and Fletcher do him no great credit;
but his ' Love for Money,' ' Marriage -Hater
Matched,' ' Richmond Heiress,' ' Don
Quixote,' and ' Campaigners ' are certainly
good plays, and even the worst of his
comedies are not without a tolerable degree
of merit " (Genest). See the ' Biogxaphia
Dramatica' (1812), Genest's ' Englibh Stage'
(1832), and the 'Dictionary of National
Biography.'
Du Maurier, George. See Trilby.
Du Souchet, H. A. Dramatic writer ;
author of ' The Man from Mexico,' ' My
Friend from India,' ' Taking Chances,' ' Mv
Wife's Step - Husband ' (ls97), 'A Misfit
Marriage ' (1898), etc. ; also, part-author,
with C. T. Vincent, of ' The Countess de
Caziac,'— all first performed in U.S.A.
Du Terreaux, Louis Henry. Dra-
matic writer, born 1841, died 1S78 ; author
of 'The Last of the Barons,' burlesque
(1872), ' Vokins' Vengeance,' libretto (1872),
'A Cabinet Secret' (1872), 'The Broken
Branch,' libretto (1874), and 'La Fille de
Mdme. Angot,' adaptation (1874) ; also,
part-author, with H. Savile Clarke (q.v.), of
' Love Wins ' (1873) and ' A Fight for Life '
(1876).
Duarte. Son of Guimar in Beaumont
and Fletcher's ' Custom of the Country '
iq.v-).
Duherly, Lord and Lady. See Heir-
at-Law.
Dublin. The first theatre erected in
this city seems to have been that which
was opened in Werburgh Street in 1634 by
John Ogilby. This having been closed " by
order," "Ogilby went over to England, ob-
tained the office of Master of the Revels in
Ireland, and in 1662 opened a theatre in
Orange Street, "commonly called Smock
DUBLIN
DUBOSC
Alley " (now Essex Street). In the manage-
ment of this house he was succeeded by
Joseph Ashbury (q.v.), who had been his
deputy, and under whose regime both Wilks
and Booth appeared. He in his turn was
followed by his son-in-law, Thomas Elring-
ton iq.v.), "who died in 1732. In 1727 a
Madame Violante had become manageress
of a booth, at which the afterwards-famous
Peg Woffington {q.v.), then but a girl, was
one of the performers. This also was closed
by the local authority, which was, however,
outwitted by the erection (about 1732) of
a theatre in Rainsford Street, outside the
limits of its jurisdiction, and under the rule
of Benjamin Husband {q.v.). The house in
Smock Alley having fallen into disrepair,
March, 1734, saw the opening of a new
theatre near Aungier Street under aristo-
cratic auspices. The following year, how-
ever, witnessed the rebuilding of the Smock
Alley Theatre, wherein Quin and Woodward
acted in 1739, and Garrick and Peg Woffing-
ton in 1742. After this the managements of
the Smock Alley and A ungier Street play-
houses were amalgamated, untU, in 17*5,
Thomas Sheridan {q.v.) became director of
both — a position he occupied tiU 1754, when,
becoming involved in local poUtics, and
consequently earning some unpopularity,
he retired, letting the theatres to Sowdon
and Victor for two years. At the end of
that period he returned and resumed the
reins of office. ^Meanwhile, a little theatre
had been erected in Capel Street (January,
1744-5), and in October, 1S58, came the
opening of yet another local playhouse —
this time in Crow Street, on the site of a
music-hall started in 1731, and under the
rule of Spranger Barry {q.v.). Barry re-
mained here till 1767, when he was suc-
ceeded by Henry Mossop {q.v.), who had
already undertaken (in 1760) the control of
the theatre in Smock Alley. The result
was that Mossop surrendered the Crow
Street house in 1770 and the Smock Alley
house in 1772, being followed at the latter
by Thomas Ryder, who in 1776 also took
over the former. In 1781 Richard Daly be-
came manager at Smock Alley, and in the
keen rivalry which ensued Ryder was
worsted. Crow Street was then directed
for a time by Thomas Crawford, who had
man-ied Barry's widow. That lady event-
ually disposed of her interest in the theatre
to Daly, by whom Smock Alley was then
deserted in favour of Crow Street. From
that day the theatre in the "Alley" fell
into disuse, being by-and-by converted into
a corn store. The house in Crow Street, on
the other hand, was reconstructed and re-
opened in 1783, Daly remainmg director
till 1796. In the interval a music-hall in
Fishamble Street had been turned into a
private theatre by Lord Westmeath and
Jb"i-ederick Jones, who in 1794 obtained a
modified license to give public performances.
Daly had petitioned against this, but un-
successfully. In the end, terms were made
with him, and in 1798 Jones secured a full
Eatent for twenty-one years. It was during
is rigiTiie that the famous riots of 1814 and
1819 occurred in the theatre, the first arising
over the substitution one night of 'The
]Miller and his ]Men ' for ' The Forest of
Bondy' (and its famous dog), which the
audience had been led to expect. In or
about the last-named year, Henry Harris
{q.v.), of Covent Garden, ajjpeared in Dublin
with a patent for a new theatre. This was
the signal for the closing of the Crow Street
house" (which in 1836 was replaced by a
medical school). Harris first of all gave
performances in the Rotunda, starting in
June, 1820 ; but he had secured a site in
Hawkins Street, where the first stone of the
new building was laid in October, 1820.
The house itself, thereafter called the The-
atre Royal, was opened in January, 1821,
with a representation of ' The Comedy of
Errors' and 'The Sleep Walker,' and an
introductory address by George Colman,
jun. For the subsequent history of this ;
institution, consult the 'History of the
Theatre Royal, Dublin,' published in 1870, .
and ' Annals of the Theatre Royal, Dublin,
from its opening in 1821 to its destruction
by fire, February, 1880,' published in the ■
last-named year. For fuller details con- i
cerning the Dublin stage from 1660 to 1774,
see Hitchcock's ' Historical View of the
Irish Stage ' (1783, 1794). See, also, Genest's .
narrative in the tenth volume of his ' Eng-
lish Stage ' (1832)— an account " compiled
chiefly from Hitchcock, except that where
Hitchcock borrows from Chetwood, Victor,
and Wilkinson, the originals have been con-
sulted." Chetwood's ' General History of the
Stage,' published in 1749, contains " memoirs
of most of the principal performers that have
appeared on the Dublin stage for the last
fifty years." The existing Dublin theatres
are' the Royal, the Gaiety, and the Queen's.
Dublin Bay. A comedietta by T. W.
Robertson, performed at the Theatre
Royal, :\Ianchester, on May 18, 1869 ; sub-
sequently produced at the Folly Theatre,
London.
Dublin Boy (The). See Andy Blake.
Dubois. The name of characters in
' The Abbe de L'Epee ; or. Deaf and Dumb'
{q.v.), BUCKSTONES 'Peter Bell, the Wag-
goner,' Williams's ' Ici on Parle Fran?ais '
{q.v.), etc.
Dubois, Camille. Actress ; made her
London debut as Fraaoletto in 'The Bri-
gands ' at the Globe Theatre in 1875. She
was afterwards .seen at the Globe in 'Vert-
Vert,' at the Criterion in 'Les Pres St.
Gervais ' and ' Pink Dominos,' at the Opera
Comique in ' ]\Iadame L'Archiduc,' at the
Strantl in ' Champagne ' and ' ISIadame
Favart,' at the Comedy in ' Rip Van Winkle,'
etc. See Dick.
Dubois, Mrs. Dorothea. Author of
'The Divorce' (1771) and 'The Haunted
Grove ' (1772).
Dubosc. A thief in 'The Courier of
Lyons ' {q.v.) and ' The Lyons Mail ' {q.v.).—
Josephine I)ubosc is a character in BOL'CI-
CAULT's ' Presumptive Evidence ' {q.v.).
I
DUBOURG
431
DUCHESS OF MALFI
Dubourg", Aug-ustus "W. Dramatic
writer ; author of ' Women and 3Ien ' (1871),
'Sympathy' (1872), 'Twenty Muuites' Con-
versation under an Umbrella' (1873). ' Bitter
Fruit' (1873), 'Art and Love' (1877), 'Just
like a Woman' (1879), 'Land and Love'
(1884), ' Vittoria Contarina ' (1897) ; also,
part-author, with Tom Taylor (q.v.), of 'A
Sister's Penance ' (1866) and ' New Men and
Old Acres ' (1869), and, with Edmund Yates,
of ' Without Love ' (1872).
Ducang-e, Marie. See Marie Du-
CANGE.
Ducas, Micliael, in Lewis's 'Adel-
githa,' (q.v.).
. Duchess (The). A play by Paul M,
Potter, Eapley's National Theatre, Wash-
ington, D.C., December 19, 1892.
Duchess de la Valliere (The). A
play in five acts, by Edward, Lord Lyttox
Iq.v.), first performed at Covent Garden on
January 4, 1837, with Miss Faucit in the
■title part, Macready as the Marquis de
\Bragel()ne, Vandenhoff as Louis XIV., W\
Farren as the Duke de Lauzun, Miss Par-
itridge as Queen Maria Therena, Mrs. "W.
West as Madame de la Valliere, Miss Pelhara
as Madame de Montespan, and other parts
!by Tilbury, J. Webster, etc. "Though,"
(Writes Westland Marston, " the piece was a
(failure on the stage, the general testimony
was that Macready and Helen Faucit had
seldom played with more splendid effect."
, Duchess de la Vaubaliere (The).
jA drama in three acts, adapted by J. B.
JBUCKSXONE from the French of De Rouge-
jmont, and first performed at the Adelphi
iITieatre, London, on February 6, 1837, with
Jthe adapter as Morrisseau (a notary), Mrs.
.Vates in the title part (Jtdie), Lyon as the
iBuke de la Vaubaliirc, Hemming as Adrian
i^his elder brother, and beloved by Julie),
■and other parts by Yates, " O." Smith, etc.
Duchess Eleanour. A play by
Henry F. Choreey (q-v.), first performed
fit the Haymarket in March, 1854, with
miss Charlotte Cushman in the title part,
[Gr. Vandenhoff as L'lncognito, etc. H. J.
iByron records that Miss Cushman "played
jDiagnificently." Nevertheless, says G. Van-
ienhoff ('An Actor's Note-Book'), the play
' scarcely lived through the second night ;
I. volley of hisses settled its fate in the
ifth act." "At the touch of the assassin
I corpse was supposed to bleed afresh, but
his was too horrible for the audience, and
lamned the drama."
Duchess of ! (The). A farce in
me act, by T. Egerton Wilks {q.v.), first
performed at the Strand Theatre, London,
fune 13, 1842, with Keeley as Caleb Good-
'elloiv and Mrs. Keeley as Kate Carraway.
Duchess of Coolg-ardie (The). A
irama in five acts, by EusxoN Leigh and
vYRiL Dare, first performed at Drury Lane
.'heatre on September 19, 1896, with a cast
iicluding Miss Hilda Spong, Miss Laura
oLnson, Miss L. Linden, Miss E. Jordan,
Miss Valli Valli, C. Glenney, L. Cautley,
E. H. Yanderfelt, Hermann Vezin, etc.
Duchess of Dijon (The). A comic
opera in two acts, written by Basil Hood,
composed by Walter Slaughter, and first
performed at the Theatre Royal, Ports-
mouth, September 20, 1897, with ^liss Rita
Ravensberg as the Duchess, Miss Hall Caine
as Bo7i Bon, and other parts by G. Mudie
(the Duke), Mat Robson (Jacques), etc.
Duchess of Malfi (The). A tragedy
by John Webster (q.v.), performed before
1619, with J. Lewin as Daniel de Bosola,
R. Burbage (and afterwards Taylor) as
Ferdinand, W. Ostler (and afterwards R.
Benfield) as Antonio Bolorina, H. Cundell
(and afterwards R. Robinson) as the Cardi-
nal, J. Underwood as Delia, T. Pollard as
Silvio, J. Tomson as Julia, and R. Sharpe
as the Duchess ; first printed in 1623 (" with
divers things that the length of the play
would not bear in the presentment "), and
again in 1640 and 1678. The tragedy was
revived at Lincoln's Inn Fields about 1664,
with Betterton as Bosola, Harris as Ferdi-
nand. Smith as Antonio, Young as the
Cardinal, Mrs. Gibbs as Julia, and Mrs.
Betterton as the Duchess. We read that
"it filled the house eight days successively,
and proved one of the best stock tragedies."
An adaptation of the play, entitled ' The
Unfortunate Duchess of :\Ialfi ; or. The
Unnatural Brothers,' was produced at the
Haymarket in July, 1707, with Mills as
Bosola, Booth as Antoiiio, Verbruggen as
Ferdinand, Keen as the Cardinal, Mrs.
BradshaAV as Julia, and ISIrs. Porter as the
Duchess. Another adaptation (by Theo-
BALii), entitled ' The Fatal Secret ' (q.v.), was
brought out at Covent Garden in April, 1733,
with Quin as Bosola, Ryan as Ferdinand,
Walker as the Cardinal, Milward as Antonio,
and Mrs. Hallam as the Duchess. In this
play, which "ends happily," Bosola figures
as an honest man. Prepared for the stage by
R. H. Home (who contributed a prologue),
AVebster's tragedy was performed at Sadler's
Wells on November 20, 1850, and succeeding
nights, with Miss Glyn in the part of the
heroine, Phelps as Ferdinand, Graham as the
Cardinal, H. Mellon as Malatesti, Waller as
Antonio, C. Wheatleigh as Delio, and G.
Bennett as Bosola. G. H. Lewes saw this
performance, and wrote of the play : " Al-
though Home has greatly lessened _ its
absurdities, I never felt them so vividly
until it was acted before my eyes. He has
made it less tedious and less childish in its
horrors, but the irredeemable mediocrity of
its dramatic evolution of human passion is
unmistakable. The noble lines of manly
verse which charm the reader fail to arrest
the spectator, who is alternating between
impressions of the wearisome and the
ludicrous " (' Dramatic Essays,' 1896). The
tragedy was produced at the Broadway,
New York, in December, 1857, with Mrs.
Wilmarth W^aller as the Duchess. It was
revived (in Home's version) at the Standard
Theatre, London, in August, 1859, with Miss
Glyn as the Duchess; at Sadler's 'Wells in
DUCHESS OF MANSFELDT
432
DUFARD
1864, -with Miss Marriott in the title rCle;
at the Standard Theatre (in Home's version)
in AprU, 1S6S. with Miss Glyn as the
Duchess, H. Marston as Ferdinand, C.
Verner as Antonio, and A. Rayner as Bo-
sola ; at the Opera Comique, London (in
a version by W. Poel). on Friday after-
noon, October 21, and Tuesday afternoon,
October 25, 1S92, with :Miss Mary Rorke
as the Duchess, Miss Hall Caine as Cariola,
jVIiss A. de Winton as Julia, Murray Car-
son as Bosola, S. Barraclough as Ferdi-
nand, Bassett Roe as the Cardinal, and
R. Buckley as Antonio. Antonio is the
Duchess's steward. Ferdinand (Duke of
Calabria) and the Cardinal are her brothers,
■who desire her to marry Count Malatesti.
"When they find that she is secretly wedded
to Antonio, they instruct Bosola (her Gentle-
man of the Horse) to kill her, after first
•doing their best to drive her out of her
senses. Afterwards Ferdinand goes mad.
Cariola is her maid ; Julia, the Cardinal's
mistress ; and Delio, a friend of Antonio's.
"I do not know," says Hazlitt, "but the
occasional strokes of passion are even pro-
founder and more Shakspearian [than in
'The White Devil']; but the story is more
laboured, and the horror is accumulated
to an overpowering and insupportable
height."
Duchess of Mansfeldt (The). A
comic drama in one act.
Duchess of Padua (The). See Guido
Ferranti.
Duchess of Suffolk (The), her Life.
An historical play by Thomas Drue {q.v.),
printed in 1631. It was "formerly and
plausibly misattributed to Hey wood."
Duchess or Nothing. A comedietta
by Walter Gordon {q.v.).
Duck-Hunting-. A farce by J. Stir-
ling Coyne {q.v.).
Ducks and Drakes. A comedy in
three acts, by Sydney Rosenfeld, first
performed at Memphis, Tenn., October 18,
1899.
Ducrow, Andrew. Theatrical manager
and equestrian, born in Southwaik, 1793,
died 1S42 ; was the son of Peter Ducrow,
a circus performer, from whom he learned
all the "tricks of the trade ; " became lead-
ing equestrian and rope-dancer at Astley's
Amphitheatre, whence he went to the Royal
Circus (now the Surrey), appearing there as
Florio, the dumb boy in ' The Forest of
Bondy.' Thence he returned to Astley's.
He w'as in the original casts of Planch^'s
' Cortez ' at Covent Garden in 1823, and of
' The Enchanted Courser' at Drury Lane in
1824. Later, he became, with William West,
joint-proprietor of Astley's, and, later still,
was concerned in the production at Drury
Lane of the spectacles of ' St. George and
the Dragon ' and ' King Arthur and the
Knights of the Round Table.' In 1841
Astley's was destroyed by fire, and this
catastrophe, it is believed, hastened Du-
crow's death. — His brother John, an eques-
trian clown, died in May, 1834.
Dudevant, Madame. See Grass,
hopper, The ; Pierre the Foundling.
Dudgreon, Richard. "The Devil's
Disciple" in G. B. Shaw's play so named
(q.v.).
Dudley, Dord Guildford, figures in
ROWE'S 'Lady Jane Grey ' (q.v.).— Captain
Dudley, his son Charles, and his daughter
Louisa, are characters in Cumberland's
' West Indian ' (q.v.).
Dudley, Sir Henry Bate. Dramatic
and miscellaneous -OTiter, born 1745, died
1814 ; son of the Rev. H. Bate ; assumed
the name of Dudley in 1784 ; editor succes-
sively of ' The Morning Post ' and The Morn-
ing Herald ;' author of the following plays,
printed in the years named : — ' Heiirv and
Emma' (1774), 'The Rival Candidates' (1775),
'The Blackamoor Wash'd White' (1776),
'The Flitch of Bacon' (1779), 'Dramatic
Puffers ' (1782), ' The Magic Picture ' (1783),
' The Woodman ' (1791), ' Travellers in Swit-
zerland ' (1794).
Duel (The). (1) A comedy by William
O'Brien, adapted from Sedaine's ' Le Philo-
sophe sans le Savoir,' and first performed
at Drury Lane Theatre on December 8,
1772. (2) A farce by R. B. Peake (q.v.),
first performed at Covent Garden in 1822,
with a cast including Farren, Jones, Connor,
Keeley, and Blanchard.
Duel in the Dark (A) was performed
at Burton's Theatre, New York, in August,
1853, with Burton as Greenfinch.
Duel in the Snow (The). A drama
in three acts, by E. Fitzball (q.v.). !*
Duel of Hearts (A). A play by i
Mrs. Jeajn Davenport Lander (q.v.) and :
Frederick Paulding, first performed at 1
New Rochelle, New York, September 8, ] i
1893. J I
Duel sous Richelieu (Un). See De-
votion.
Duellist (The). A comedy by Dr. W. ■
Kenrick, adapted from Fielding's novel, .
' Amelia,' and performed, for the first and ,
only time, at Covent Garden Theatre
on iS'ovember 20, 1773.
Duenna (The); or, Double Elope- .
ment. A comic opera in three acts, by
R. B. Sheridan, first performed at Covent i
Garden on November 21, 1775, with Mat- '
tocks as Don Ferdinand, Quick as Isaac, '■
Wilson as Don Jerome, Du Be lamy as Don
Antonio, Leoni as Carlos, INIahon as Father \
Paul, AVewitzer as Lopez, Mrs. Mattocks as '
Louisa, Miss BrowTi as Clara, and Mrs. [
Green as the Duenna. The piece ran for
seventy-five nights. (2) ' The Duenna,' de-
scribed by Genest as " a political pamphlet
in three acts," was published in 1776.
Dufard, Achille Talma. Father of ;
the heroine in ' The First Night ' (q.v.).
DUFARGE
DUKE OF GUISE
Dufarge, Jacques and Madame,
[laracters in dramatizations of Dickens's
Cale of Two Cities ' (q.v.).
Duff, Harvey. A spy in Bouci-
.ult's ' Shaughraun ' (q.v.).
Duff, John R. Actor, born 1787, died
pril, 1831 ; educated at Trinity College,
iblin, in which city, apparently, he began
3 stage career. After his marriage [see
JFF, Mary Ann], he crossed the Atlantic,
d made his American d4but at Boston on
'jvember 2, 1810, as Octavian in 'The
Duntaineers.' "He soon became," says
3land, " the acknowledged favourite of
e Boston public, and for many years re-
ned their highest esteem. The'maturer
Igment of his critics awarded him his
"}enest laurels for his success in light
,3iedy ; but he was an actor of extraordi-
Jry versatility, unequalled on our stage
,'6 by Hodgkinson, and surpassed in Lon-
• a only by Elliston, whom he is said to
; ?e resembled more closely than any other
; or." Ireland, in his monograph on Mrs.
;ff, gives a long list of characters per-
flated by her husband. Four of Duff's
« Idren were seen upon the stage— Mary
(a Porter. Mrs. J. G.), Eliza (Mrs. Von
] ir), James Lenville, and Thomas Thatcher.
)uff, Mary Ann Wc Dyke]. Actress ;
Ijn in London, 1794 ; died in New York,
j})tember, 1857 ; first appeared— with her
f'i.ers Elizabeth and Ann, afterwards the
\,es respectively of Thomas Moore, the
I^t, and W. II. Murray, the theatrical
i:iager ((?.v.)— as a dancer at the Dul)lin
l^atre. Moore was at this time a suitor
f her hand, and, on being rejected by her,
rle her the subject of his well-known
1, c, beginning—
" Mary, I believed thee true.
Ami I was blessed in thus believing."
I affections had been bestowed upon a
y ag actor, John R. Duff {q.v.), whom she
nried in her sixteenth year, and with
Vi-xa she went to America, making her
diit there as Juliet, at Boston, on Decem-
bt51,1810. Her professional career — which,
sf for two appearances at Drury Lane in
ISi, as the heroine of ' Isabella ' and of
' ^ elgitha,' was confined to American play-
hcies— extended over rather more than a
qi ter of a century, her last performance,
it' believed, being in May, 1838. In 1836
(o hereabouts) she espoused a Mr. Seever,
a eyer at New Orleans. On retiring from
th;tage, she discarded Roman Catholicism
fo lethodism, and spent the remainder of
ht ife in works of charity. J. N. Ireland,
wl contributed a biography of her to the
'i* erican Actor Series ' (1882), says : " She
W£ endowed by nature with every mental
fai ty and every physical requisite for pure
tn;!dy ; and in that distinct line, and in
th., line only, education and experience
rai',1 her (in the opinion of the writer) to
thrlghest rank ever attained on the stage
of merica. She possessed a person of
wc than medium height, and of the most
peict symmetry. . . . Her face, called
beautiful in her girlhood, throughout life
was irradiated by eyes of the darkest hue
and most speaking intelligence. The vary-
inif expression of her features has never
been surpassed ; while her voice was as
soft and musical in its quiet tones, as (we
are told) was that of Mrs. Gibber. ... It
was admirably adapted to the sorrows of
the rustic heroines of domestic life, such as
Annette in ' The Maid and Magpie,' as Mary
in ' The Innkeeper's Daughter'— as well as
to the touching and exquisitely natural
madness of Ojjhelia, the stormy grief of
Constance, the grander suffering of Lady
Macbeth, and the very tempest and whirl-
wind of contending passion embodied in
her unrivalled Hermione [in ' The Distressed
Mother ']." Among her other notable roles
were Cordelia, Desdemona, Katherine (the
•Shrew'), Queen Katheri7ie (' Uenvy VIII.'),
Rosalind, lioxana, Behidera, 3Irs. Beverley,
Mrs. Haller, Lady Randoljjh, Mdme. Cler-
mont, Meg Merrilies, Helen Macgregor, etc.
Duffet, Thomas. Dramatic writer ;
author of ' The Amorous Old Woman ' (1674),
' The Spanish Rogue ' (1674), ' The Empress
of Morocco' (1674), 'The Mock Tempest'
(1675), 'Beauty's Triumph' (1676), and
' Psyche Debauch'd ' (1678).
Dufoy. French valet to Sir Frederick
Frolic in Etherege's ' Comical Revenge.'
Dug-gran, Mary. Actress and vocalist ;
was the original Aan in 'Indiana' at the
Avenue Theatre, London, 1886, and played
Xi'lly Bly in the revival of ' The Vicar of
Bray' at the Savoy Theatre in 1892. She
was the first representative in America of
Tessa in ' The Gondoliers.'
Duke and No Duke (A). A farce in
three acts, by Naium Tate, acted at the
Theatre Royal in 16s.j, with Leigh as Trap-
polin. The plot is taken from ' Trappolin
Suppos'd a Prince' (q.v.), and the title
seems to have been suggested by ' King
and No King' (q.v.).
Duke for a Day. A play in verse by
Ross Neil q.v.), printed in 1874.
Duke Htimphrey's Dinner Mas per-
formed at Wallack's Theatre, New York,
in January. 1856, with Lester Wallack as
Richard Birdoon.
Duke in Diflaculties (A). A comedy
by Tom Taylor (q.v.), founded on a story
in Blackwood's Magazine, and first performed
at the Haymarket Theatre, London, on
March 6, 1861, with H. Howe as the Duke
of Kleinstadt-Waldstein, Mrs. Stirling and
Miss Fanny Stirling as an actress and her
daughter (La Jaconde and Colombe), and
other parts by Buckstone (as a travelling
theatrical manager), Compton, Rogers, Mrs.
Wilkin s, Mrs. Poynter, etc.
Duke of Guise (The). A play by
John Dryden and Nathaniel Lee, first
performed in December, 1682. "Immediately
after the Restoration," says W. D. Christie,
"Dryden had projected and sketched a
play on the subject of the Duke of Guise,
2F
DUKE OF LERMA
434
DUKE'S WAGER
applyinpc the story of the French Leagrue
to the British covenant and Civil War : a
closer parallel was now to be found in the
opposition to Charles and James prosecuted
by Shaftesbury and Monmouth and their
party. ^Monmouth's return to England in
1679 in defiance of the King bore resemblance
to the entry of the Duke of Guise into Paris,
which made part of the play. . . . The public
treated the play as a poetical manifesto,
and Dryden was exposed to tierce attacks
from Whig writers." He published the
piece in 1G83, and replied to his critics in
' A Vindication of ' ' The Duke of Guise." '
Duke of Lerma (The). See Great
Favourite.
Duke of Milan (The). A tragi-
comedy by Philip Massinger (q.r.), acted
at Black JFryars, and first printed in 1623.
"The plot is derived partly from Guicciar-
dini, partly from the story of Mariamne in
Josephus. There is very "little that is his-
torical in the play, beyond the mere fact of
the war in Italy between the Emperor and
the King of France, and the part taken in
it by the Duke of Milan." In November,
1779, Richard Cumberland brought out at
Covent Garden, under the title of 'The
Duke of Milan,' a compound of Massinger's
play and of Fenton's ' Mariamne ' ((7.1'.), with
Henderson as the Duke (Ludovico Sforza),
Aikin as Francisco, and Miss Younge as
MarceUa. An adaptation of Massinger's
tragedy was produced at Drury Lane in
March, 1816, with Edmund Kean as the
Duke, Rae as Francisco, Holland as Pes-
cara, Wallack as Tiberio, Powell as Ste-
phano, Oxberry as Graccho, Mrs. Bartley as
Marcelia, Mrs. Horn as Eugenia, Miss Boyce
as Mariana, and Mrs. Brereton as Isabella.
'"The Duke of Milan,'" says Arthur
Symons, " despite much that is inadequate
and even absurd in its handling, rises again
and again to something of passion and of
insight. The character and circumstances
of Sforza have been often compared with
those of Othello. . . . His capacity for sud-
den and extreme changes of disposition,
and his violent and unhinged passion, are
represented with more dramatic power, with
more force and naturalness, than it is at all
usual to find in Massinger. ... If Sforza
is after all but a second-rate Othello, Mar-
celia is certainly a very shrewish Desdemona,
and Francisco a palpably poor lago."
Duke of Savoy (The) ; or, Wife
and Mistress. A play (with music) by
Frederic Reynolds, performed at Covent
Garden in 1817, with Young in the title
part.
Duke ' of Swindleton (The). A
farcical comedy in three acts, by William
BuRNSlDE, first performed at the Opera
Comique Theatre, London, June 11, 1SS5.
Duke of York's Theatre. See Lon-
don Theatres.
Duke's Daughter (The). An opera
bouffe in three acts, written by G. M.
Layton, and composed by Leon Vasseur,
first performed at the Royalty Theatrt
London, on January 10, 1876.'
Duke's Device (The). See Duke';
Motto, The. j
Duke's Diversion (The). See For-
lies of a Night. :
Duke's Mistress (The). A tragi
comedy by James Shirley, "acted at th.
private house, Drury Lane," and printed i<
163S. The "mistress" is Ardelia, whc
although she presides at the court of th
Duke of Pavia, is nevertheless chaste, an
in the end espouses Bentivolio, the Dul
and the Duchess being reconciled.
Duke's Motto (The). A play bv Joh
Brougham (g.r.), adapted from Paul Feval
' Le Bossu ' (g.r.), and first performed at tb
Lyceum Theatre, Loudon, on January \(
1863, with the author as Carrickfergir
Fechter as Captain Henri de Lagardir'
G. Vining as Gonzague, H. Widdicomb t-
Peijrolles, Miss Elsworthy as Duchesse c
Xevers, Miss Carlotta Leclercq as Zilla.-
Miss Kate Terry as Blanche de Severs ; r
vived at the Lyceum Theatre in Marcl
1867, with Fechter in his original role an'
Miss Henrade as Blanche; performed !
the Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York, D'
cember, 1869, with E. L. Davenport :■
Lagardhre, and other parts by W. ]■
Davidge, J. Lewis, G. Holland, D. \.
Harkins, and Miss F. Davenport ; revivt
at the Olympic Theatre, London (with sligl!
alterations, and under the title of 'Tl
Duke's Device'), on September 30, 1S7
with Henry Neville as Lagardere, F. Arch'
as Prince de Gonzague, R. Pateman :'
Carrigue (Carrickfergus), ]\Iiss CamiUe D
bois as Pepita, W. J. Hill as Peyrollt
Dibdin Culver as uEsoj), Miss Amy Cra*:
ford as Princess de Gonzague, and ili!
Carlisle as Blanche; revived in the Engli:'
provinces in 1886, with Edmund Tearle ;
Lagardere ; performed in the United Staf
in the spring of 1SS7, with Osmond Tear'
as Lagardere and Miss SI. Conway
Blanche; revived, with alterations ai
excisions, as ' Lagardere ; or, The Hnnc
back of Paris,' at Niblo's Garden, Nf
York, August 17, 1887, with M. Barrymc
in the title part ; played at the Theat'
Royal, Manchester, in 'August, 1887, wi
J. Dewhurst as Lagardere. "Miss Ada Reh
has appeared in America as Blanche. " T,
play," wrote Henry Morley, "is all brig-
picturesque romance. It even rivals t
' Colleen Bawn ' and ' Peep o' Day ' with'
set ' sensation ' scene and acrobatic feat i
the hero, who hauls himself up a ro]
hand over hand, with a babv in his arm
H. J. Bvron burlesqued ' The Duke's Moti
in 'The Motto' (q.v.). See, also, MOT
ON THE Duio^'s Crest.
Duke's Theatre (The). See Lond
Theatres.
Duke's Wag-er (The). (1) A p.
adapted by Fanny Kemble from t
' Mdlle. de Belle-Isle ' (q.v.) of Dumas ;>-
and performed in New York in April. Is
I
DUKKEHJEM
DUMB SAVOYARD
Tith Miss Julia Dean as Gahrielle, de Belle-
fsle. (2) A play by A. R. Slous, adapted
irom the same original, and first performed
.t Princess's Theatre, London, on June 4,
851, with Mrs. C. Kean as Mdlle. de Belle-
sle, C. Kean as Leon St. 3Iars, Alfred Wigan
s the Due de Richelieu, and Mrs. Winstanley
s the Marquise de Prie.
Dukkehjem, El. See Nora.
Dulcamara: or, The Little Duck
nd the Great Q,uack. A burlesque on
L'Elisir d'Amore,' written by W. S. GiL-
ERT iq.v.), and first performed at the St.
ames's Theatre, London, on December 29,
^66, with Miss Carlotta Addison as Adina
'the little duck"), Miss Vj. M'Donnell as
emorino, J. D. Stoyle as Bepjio, F. Charles
,! Belcore, Gaston Murray as Tomaso, Miss
. Bufton as Gianetta, and Frank Matthews
[■Dr. Dulcamara. "The piece," says the
jithor, was "written in ten days and re-
liarsed in a week."
Dulceda. Daughter of Cantato in
Jayes' Ojiera' (q.v.).
Dulcet, David, in Peake's ' Amateurs
d Actors' (q.v.), is a "musical dramatic
lateur," " attached to theatricals and
iss Mary Ilardacre."
iDulcie. The heroine of Rose's ' Vice
!;rsa' iq.v.).
lOulcimel, in J. >Lu?ston's ' Parasitaster'
v.), is daughter of the Duke of Urbino.
Dulcimer, Dick, in E. L. Blanchakd's
dam Butt' {q.v.).
Dull. A constable in 'Love's Labour's
.iV iq.v.).
Dulverydotty. A farce in one act, by
:s. Adams Acton, Terry's Theatre, Lon-
<i, June 15, 1894.
Oumain. " A well-accomplished youth,"
finding the King of Navarre in ' Love's
bour's Lost ' (q.v.)~
He hath wit to make an ill shape good.
And shape to win grace, tho' he had no wit."
)umas, Alexandre. See Chevalier
I, LA MaISON ROUOE; DkMOISELLES DE
^; Cyr; Kean; Marhgk de Conve-
:^;ce; Mdlle. de Belle-Isle; Monte
CsTO; Three Musketeers: Tour de
>;le.
'umas, Alexandre [the Younger].
is Ami de Femmes ; Dame aux Came-
ls ; Demi-Monde ; Dl\ne de Lys ;
H angere, L' ; Fils Naturel ; Monsieur
A honse ; Pere Prodigue ; Princesse
ti irges.
umaur'alized Trilby (A). See
umb Belle (The). A comedietta by
KjLE Bernard (q.v.), first performed at
tnOlyinpic Theatre, London, in 1831, with
»J|iie. \estris in the title part (Bliza
ai?n«on), and other roles bv J. Vining,
'**|Vinmg, Brougham, and Miss Pincott ;
revived at the Lyceum Theatre, London, in
October, 1874, with a cast including H. B.
Conway, J. D. Beveridge, Miss St. Ange,
etc. ; first performed in New York in De-
cember, 1834.
Dumb Brig-and (The). A play pro-
duced at the Strand Theatre, London, on
March 15, 1832, with Madame Celeste in
the title character (.4 //j). She was seen in
this role in New York in January, 1835.
Dumb Cake (The); or, The Re-
g-ions of Fancy. A pantomime per-
formed at Covent Garden in December,
1787.
Dumb Conscript (The) ; or, A
Brother's Love and a Sister's Hon-
our. A drama in two acts, by H. P.
Grattan (q.v.), first performed at Astley's
Theatre, London, in 1835, with Ducrow in
the title part (Kugene) and Mrs. Pope as
Eugene's sister Gahrielle.
Dumb Girl of Genoa (The). A
melodrama in three acts, by Farrell, first
performed at the Coburg Theatre, London ;
played at the Lafayette Theatre, New York,
in July, 1826 ; printed as ' The Maid of
Genoa.'
Dumb Guide of the Tyrol (The).
A romantic drama in two acts, by T. G
Blake, first performed at the Adelphi The-
atre, London, October 9, 1837, with Ducrow
in the title part (Fritz), and other roles by
" O." Smith, U. Beverley, Mrs. Yates, etc.
Dumb Knig-ht (The). A play bv
Lewis Machin, "acted .sundry times by
the cliildren of the Revels," and printed
in ItJOS. The scene lies in Cyprus, and tlie
incidents are taken from Bandello. The
duml) knight is Philocles, who, for love of
Mariana, promises to keep silence for a
twelvemonth.
Dumb Lady (The) ; or, The Farrier
made Physician. A farce in five acts, by
John Lacy', founded on Molit;re's ' Medecin
Malgre Lui,' acted at the Theatre Royal,
and printed in 1672. " Lacy no doubt acted
Drench, the farrier" (Genest).
Dumb Man of Manchester (The).
A melodrama in two acts, translated by
B. F. Rayner from the French, and first per-
formed at Astley's Amphitheatre, London
(under the title of ' The Factory Assassin'),
on September 28. 1837, with Ducrow in the
title part, and IL Widdicomb as Crispin
Welter (a bootmaker) ; produced in New-
York in November, 1838.
Dumb Savoyard (The) and his
Monkey. A melodrama in one act, by B.
Thompson, first performed at Drurv Lane
in April, 1828, with JNIrs. Barrymore and
Master Wielaud in the title characters
(Pipino and Marmazette), and other parts
by Mrs. W. West, ]Mrs. C. Jones, Younge,
etc. ; performed in New York in November.
1828, with Mrs. Hilson as Pipino (a part
afterwards played by Mrs. Barnes and
Mdme. Celeste).
DUMBIEDIKES
DUNDREARY
Dumbiedikes, The Laird of, figures
in BorciCAULT's ' Trial of Effie Deans,' in
shepherd's ' Effie Deans,' in ' The Scotch
Sisters,' and otlier dramatic versions of
' The Heart of Midlothian' (q.v.).
" Dumb -shows, Inexplicable."
This phrase, used by Hamlet in act iii.
sc. 2, has reference to the pantomimic
action in -which certain old-time dramas
were introduced. "Before each act of the
play to be performed, the dramatis personce
came forward, and by means of eloquent
gestures, postures, and glances, typified the
transactions in which they were about to
engage" (Dutton Cook). See Buckhurst's
' Gorboduc,' in which " dumb-shows " were
freely used. A "dumb-show," in the text
of 'Hamlet' (act iii. sc. 2), precedes the
performance of ' The Murder of Gonzago ; '
this, apparently, was intended to be "in-
explicable," because, after it is over, Ophelia
says to Hamlet, "What means this, my
lord ? " " Belike," she innocently continues,
"this show imports the argument of the
play." Herein Shakespeare may be satirizing
the " dumb-show" as a dramatic institution
of his time. See Cook's 'On the Stage'
(1SS3).
Dtunnorix. Chief of the Trinobantians
in Glover's ' Boadicea ' (q.v.).
Dumont. A character in Eowe's
' Jane Shore ' (q.v.).— Blanche Dumont is the
heroine of Marston'S 'Hero of Romance'
(q.v.).
Dumpling:. (1) There is a Major
Dumpling in JONES's ' Green Man.' (2)
2[aster Ji'seph Dumpling is the "fat boy"
in MONCRlEFF's ' Sam Weller ' (q.v.).
Dumps. A character in Cumberland's
' Natural Son ' (q.v-).
Dumps, Dolly. See Bachelor's
Buttons.
Dunbar, Henry. See Henry Dunbar.
Duncan. King of Scotland in 'Mac-
beth' (q.v.). Hazlitt says that "the dra-
matic beauty of the character of Duncan,
which excites the respect and pity even of
his murderers, has been often pointed out.
It forms a picture of itself."
Duncan, Emily. Actress, died July,
1SS9 ; was in the original casts of ' Bibb
and Tucker' (Gaiety, London, 1S73), 'The
Great Divorce Case' (Criterion, 1S76), 'Res-
cued' (Adelphi, 1S79), 'Olivette' (Strand,
ISSO), etc.
Duncan, Maria [Mrs. Davison]. Ac-
tress and vocalist ; born 17S3 ; had played
at Dublin (1796), York, Edinburgh, Glas-
gow, and Liverpool, before, in October,
1804, she made her London debut at Drury
Lane as Lady Teazle. In the course of the
season that followed she was seen at the
same theatre as Iiosali7id, Lady Townley,
Kate Hardcastle, Sylvia ('The Recruiting
Officer '), Miranda ('The Busybody '), Letitia
Hardy, Charlotte (' The West Indian'), Cla-
rinda (♦ The Suspicious Husband '), Lydia
Languish, Mrs. Sullen, Mrs. Oakley, and
Juliana in ' The Honeymoon' (of which she
was the first representative). She married
in 1S12, and became mother of J. "\y.
Davison, the musical critic. "She was the
successful rival," says Oxberry's ' Dramatic
Biography,' " of Mrs". Jordan in Xell in ' Tht
Devil to Pay,' and Peggy ('Country Girl'
and Priscilla ('The Romp'). . . . As s
general actress," vrrote the same authoritj
(1S26), "she is decidedly the first of the
present day." Leigh Hunt, in his " critica
essay " on Mrs. Jordan, refers to Miss Dun
can's successes in " breeches' parts," sucl
as Captain Macheath ; she "wears thi
breeches," he says, "much better thaj
becomes her." William Robson says : " Sh'
was not the tragic muse, she was not th
comic muse, but she was worthy to be th
chosen handmaid of either, or both. Witl
a full, handsome person, and a rich, good
and sweet voice, she had just talent enoug
to make loveable women very loveable u
deed. Her attention was principally directe
to comedy, but, like all good comedian.-
she was quite capable, when required, t'
draw a tear" ('The Old Playgoer,' 1846.
" The charm of her acting," .says Mrs. Xev
ton Crosland, "was its naturalness. H(.
enunciation was distinct, and the dialogv,
from her lips received the easy flow of coii
versation" ('Landmarks of a Literary Lift
1S93). ;
Dunce, Sir Davy and Lady, a-i
characters in Otway's 'Soldier's Fortun'
(q.v.). ■
Duncombe, William. Dramat
writer, died 1769 ; author of ' Athalialj
(1722) and ' Lucius Junius Brutus ' (1735). (
Dundee [Scotland]. For the theatrici
historv of this town, see 'The Dund;
Stage,' by F. Boyd.
Dunder, Sir David and Lady, a
character's in Colman's ' Ways and Mear
iq.v.). They have two daughters— fi^ar/-
and Kitty. — Van Dunder is a character
' The Dutch Governor' {q.v.). '
Dunderman, Van, in O'Keef
'Blacksmith of Antwerp' (q.v.), is the ri-
of Quintin Matsys.
Dundreary, Lord, figured first in T
Taylor's 'Our American Cousin' (q.y
The part was originally a very small o,
but Sothern, its first exponent, v-
allowed carte blanche in regard to it, a.
gradually expanded it until it became, wl
seen in London, the mainstay of the pi;
Henry Morley wTote of Sothern's perfoi
ance '(in November, 1S61) that it was ..
sketch new to our stage, given by an ac"
hitherto unknown in London, Mr. Sothe.
with an eccentric and whimsical elaborat.i
that is irresistibly amusing. The st>
jokes and the extravagant suggestioii'^^
emptiness would be intoleraldy stupid i
the hands of almost any actor. But ..
i Sothern has overlaid it aU with innvmiera )
DUNELM
437
BURET
ludicrous touches of manner and byplay,
and is so imperturbably extravagant, that
shouts of laughter fulluw almost every look
and gesture. He contrives, in the midst of
all the extravagance, to maintain for his
inane lord the air of a well-bred good-
natured gentleman." Lord Dundreary re-
appeared in ' Sam's Arrival' {q.v.), by John
Oxen FORD (1862), and in ' Lord Dundreary
Married and Done For' {q.v.), by H. J.
Byron (1864). See the article by John
Oxenford in the Theatre magazine for Octo-
ber, 1878; also, Maidkn and Mizen. (2)
Lord Dundrearij, in IJROUGH and Hali.i-
day'S ' Colleen Bawn Settled at Last ' {q. v.),
is represented as an ancestor of the peer
made popular by Sothern.
Dunelm. A character in Dr. J.
Browne's ' Athelstan' {q.v.).
Dunlap, "William. Dramatic writer
and theatrical manager ; born New Jersey,
1766; died New York, 1839 ; began life as a
student of painting. He made his dibut as
;i playwright in September, 1883, when his
pomedy, 'The Father ; or, American Shandy-
'ism,' was performed in New York. After
[this came 'Darby's Ileturn,' followed by
' Leicester.' a tragedy (1794), ' Fontaineviile
Abbey,' a tragedy (1795), ' The Archers '
1 1796), 'Tell Truth and Shame tlie Devil'
11797), 'Andre' (1798), 'Abaellino' (1802),
'The V^oice of Nature ' (1803), 'The Italian
iFather' (1810), ' The Wife of Two Husbands '
;1811), 'Peter the Cireat' (1814), 'The Glory
\A Columbia her Yeomanry ' (1817), ' Bona-
mrte in England,' and many other plays,
including adaptations from the German,
iiuch as ' The Blind Boy,' ' Fraternal Dis-
cord,' ' Lovers' Vows,' 'The Stranger,' 'The
•Vildgoose Chase,' etc. From 1798 to 1805
le was director of the Park Theatre, New
fork, of which in 1810-11 he was assistant
nanager. In 1812 he resumed the profes-
ion of painter. He Avas the author of a
I Memoir of George Frederick Cooke ' (1813)
'nd of a ' History of the American Stage '
!1832).
Dunn, John. Actor ; imitated T. D.
lice and became known as "The English
im Crow." J. A. Cave describes him as
'a very popular comedian at the minor
heatres, especially Sadler's Wells " (' Jubilee
f Dramatic Life and Incident'). His first
ppearance in America was made at Niblo's
iarden, New York, in October, 1844, as
ling Bigaroon in ' Fair Star. ' ' ' ^Mr. Dunn,"
'rites J. N. Ireland, " was a good low
omedian in country boys and certain grades
f eccentricities."
Dunscombe, Cecilia and Chud-
Bigh. Characters in T. W. Robertson's
M.P.' {q.v.).
Dunstall, Joh.n. Actor ; appeared at
loodman's Fields between 1740 and 1742,
ad at Covent Garden between 1744 and
777. He was the original representative of
anis in ' The Good-iiatured Man 'and of
>avid in 'The Rivals.' Among his other
arts were Falstarf {' ^lerry Wives'), Sir
Toby Belch, and Caliban; and his Brain-
worm, Lockit, Sir Jealous Traffic, Sir
Sampson Legend, Pan ('Midas'), etc., were
praised by his critics.
Dunster, Charles, published a trans-
lation of ' The Frogs ' of Aristophanes
(1785).
Dupe (The). A comedy by Mrs.
Frances Sheridan, acted at Drury Lane
three times in December, 1763, with Yates
in the title part {Sir John Woodall), Mrs.
Pritchard as the woman by whom he is
duped {Mrs. Etherdown), King as Sharply
(her accomplice), Mrs. Lee as ^Boxe (in lovb
with Sharply), Mrs. Palmer as Emily {Sir
John's niece), Packer as Wallford{\\ev lover),
Havard as Friendly, and Kitty Clive as
Mrs. Friendly.
Dupe, Lord. " An ignorant pretender,"
in FooTE's 'Taste' {q.v.). (2) Sir Simon
Dupe, in Miller's ' Art and Nature ' {q.v.),
is father of Flaminia.
Dupely, Sir Charles. A character
in BURGOYNE'S ' Maid of the Oaks' {q.v.).
Dupes of Fancy (The) ; or. Every
Man his Hobby. A farce in two acts,
by GEORGE Savile Carey, first performed
at the Haymarket in May, 1792.
Duplicity. (1) A comedy in five acts,
by TiiOMAS HOLCROFT {q.v.), first performed
at Covent Garden on OctoV>er 13, 1781, with
Henderson, Lewis, Lee Lewos, Edwin, We-
witzer. Miss Younge, and Mrs. Inchbald in
the chief parts ; reduced to three acts, and
revived at the same theatre, in May, 1796,
as 'The Mask'd Friend.' The friend in
question is Osborne, who, with the aid of
some sharpers, cures Sir Harry Portland
of his passion for gaming. (2) A drama
in three acts, by R. Clift, Eclectic The-
atre, Soho, London, December 14, 1871.
(3) A comedy in two acts, by Mrs. Saker,
first performed at Birkenhead, May 28,
1883.
Dupre. Servant to, and accomplice of,
Darlemont in Holcroft's 'Deaf and
Dumb ' {q.v.).
Duprez and Son, Bankers and
Brokers. A play produced at the Union
Square Theatre, New York, in 1884. It is
identical with the drama called ' Struck
Blind.' See Aveugle, L'.
Durable, Miss Laurelia. An old maid
in Kenney's ' Raising the Wind' {q.v.).
Durand et Durand. See Two John-
nies, The.
Durant, Baines. A cynical man of
the world in Pinero'S ' Imprudence ' {q.v.).
Durazzo. The "Guardian" in Mas-
SiNGER's play so named {q.v.).
Duret, Marie. Actress, died San
Francisco, April, 1S81 ; made her first ap-
pearance in America in March, 18-.0, at the
"Walnut Street Thtatre, Philadelphia, as
DURETETE
DYAS
Julia in ' The Hunchback.' See Brooke,
G. V.
Duretete, Captain, in Farquhar's
'Inconstant' {q.v.) is "an honest, good-
natured fellow that thinks himself a greater
fool than he is."
Durimel. A character in Charles
Kemble's ' The Point of Honour ' {q-v.).
During- Her Majesty's Pleasure.
A drama in three acts, by George Con-
quest and Henry Pettitx, first performed
at the Grecian Theatre, London, on May 21,
1877.
Duruset, Jolin. Actor and vocalist,
born 1791, died 18-12.
Dust. A farcical comedy in tliree acts,
adapted bv Sydney Grundy {q.v.)ivom ' Le
Point de Mire' of Labiche and Delacour,
and first performed at the Royalty Theatre,
London, on November 12, 1881, with a cast
including F. A. Everill, G. W. Anson, J. G.
Taylor, F.Rodney, R.Mansfield, C. Glenney,
Miss Lydia Thompson, Miss Harriett Cove-
ney. Miss Nellie Younge, and Miss Lottie
Venne.
Dutch Courtezan (The). A comedy
by John Marston, " played at Black
Fryars by the children of the Revels," and
printed in 1605.
Dutch Governor (The); or,'Twould
Puzzle a Conj urer. A drama, produced
in U.S.A. with W. E. Burton in the leading
character.
Dutch Lover (The). A comedy by
Mrs. Behn, acted at the Duke's Theatre,
and printed, in 1673. The plot is founded
on that of a Spanish novel.
Dutchman (The). A musical piece in
two acts, written by THOMAS BRIDGES, and
performed at the Haymarket in August, 1775.
Dutiful Deception (The). A comedy
in one act, performed at Covent Garden in
1778.
Dutiful, Deuteronomy. A character
in ' The Vermont Wool-Dealer.'
Dutton, Thomas. Author of ' Pizarro
in Peru,' a play (1799). See Dramatic
Censor.
Duty. A play in four acts, adapted by
James Albery from Angler's ' Les Bour-
geois de Pont Arcy' (g.r.), and first per-
formed at the Prince of "Wales's Theatre,
London, on September 27, 1879, with H. B.
Conway as Sir Geoffrey Leane, Arthur Cecil,
Forbes Robertson, H. Kemble, Miss Linda
Dietz as Marcelle, Mrs. Herman Vezin, 3Irs.
John Wood, Miss Augusta Wilton, and Miss
Marion Terry as Mabel ; revived at Terry's
Theatre, London, on the afternoon of Novem-
ber 30, 1887.
Duty, the Mariner's Compass.
A play by Henry Leslie {q.v.), produced
at the* Bowery Theatre, New York, in 1870.
Duval. (1) Armand Duval is the hero
of various adaptations from ' La Dame aux
Cam(51ias' (q.v.). (2) Catherine Duval, i;
Watts Phillips's ' Dead Heart ' (q-v.)'
becomes the Countess. (3) Marianne Duva\
is the heroine of L. PHILLIPS'S ' Marianm''
the Vivandiere ' {q.v.).
Duval, Claude. See Claude Duval.
Dux Redux ; or, A Forest Tangle
A poetical play in three acts, by Jame:'
Rhoades, first performed at the Novelt;!
Theatre, London, January 18, 1887. ";
Dwarf of Naples (The). A tragi
comedy in five acts, by George Soanij
{qv.), first performed at Drury Lane ii!
March, 1819, with Edmund Kean in the titl'
part (Malvesi), and other rdles by H. Kemble
Harley, Oxberry, Bengough, !Mrs. W. West!
Mrs. Mardyn, Mrs. Orger, etc. " The Dwarj
is described as half mad with envy— ai;
having the heart of a lion and the cunnini;
of a fox— as wise, learned, valiant, an(i
everything but good " (Genest). '
Dwyer. Actor; after experience on th;
Norwich and York circuits, made his Lon:
don debut at Drury Lane in 1802 as Belcou'
in 'The West Indian.'
Dwyer, Michael. Actor and vocalist!
made his professional debut at the Oper»
Comique, London, in June, 1878. He wa|
the original representative of Buckinr/hau
in Farnie and Planquette's ' Nell GwynneJ
(Avenue Theatre, 1884), and of Viiicen*
Knapi's in ' La Cigale ' (Lyric Theatre, lS90^j
Dwyer, P. W. Author of ' The Soldiet
of Fortune,' a comedy. |
Dyas, Ada. Actress ; daughter cj
Edward and Ann Dyas {q.v.) ; made her LoEj
don d^.hut at Sadler's Wells in 1861 as Princ\
John of Lancaster in 'Henry IV.' In 186j
she was the original Phoebe \n Roberts's vei'
sion of ' Lady Audley's Secret ' {q.v.), and ii
1866 was seen as Clara in the first Londo
production of 'Hunted Down' {q.v.). Sh
was the first representative in the Englis
provinces of Esther Eccles in 'Caste' {q.v)
and afterwards was specially chosen b;
Wilkie Collins for the dual role of Anne an
Laura in 'The Woman in White' (1870;'
At the Court Theatre in 1872 she was thi
original Beatrice in Merivale's 'A Son c
the Soil' {q.v.), and also played AlcmenaK.
Oxenford's adaptation of Dryden's ' Amphi
tryon' (g.i'.). Late in 1872 she was engage
by Augustin Daly to appear at the Fift
Avenue Theatre, New York, where she mad
her American debut as Anne Sylvester i
'Man and Wife' {q.v.). Thence she. wee
as "leading lady" to Wallack's, where sh
remained for three seasons (1874-76), figurin
as Kate Hardcastle, Lady Teazle, Lady Ga
Spanker, Clara Ffolliott in 'The Shaugl
raun,' etc. She next "starred" with h(
own company as Esther Eccles, afterward
returning to Wallack's, and then appearin
at the Madison Square Theatre as Mrs. Die
in 'Young Mrs. Winthrop' {q.v.). Latt
came appearances throughout tt,e States £
Mrs. Ralston in 'Jim tlie Penman'^ {q.v
and Mrs. Seabrooke in ' Captain Swift ' {q-v
I
DYAS
439
EARL OF ESSEX
In 1892 she played Goneril in the production
of ' King Leai' ' at the Lyceum, London,
Dyas, Edward. Actor, born 1815,
died 1877 ; made his first metropolitan ap-
pearance at the City of London Theatre in
• October, 1860, as Simon Scrubby in 'The
Thieves' Secret.' He was the first repre-
.sentative of Colonel Croker in 'The Winning
Hazard' (1865), of Sir Jericho Maximum in
•How she Loves Him' (1S67), of Dr. Prit-
chard in ' Tweedie's Rights ' (1871), and of
Tupman in Albery's ' Pickwick ' (1871). He
was also seen as Villiers in ' The Belle's
Stratagem' at the St. James's, London, in
1866.— His wife, ANN Ada Dyas (born 1823,
died 1871), made her first appearance in
London at the City of London Theatre in
,September, 1860, as Gemea in ' The Fortune
Teller.' See Dyas, Ada.
. Dyce, Rev. Alexander. Editor and
critic, born 1798, died 186!) ; undertook
clerical duty from 1822 to 1825, but after
the latter year devoted himself to literary
pursuits. He published editions of the
works of English dramatic authors in the
following order :— George Peele, 1828 and
1839, revised in 1858 ; John Webster, 1830,
,-evised in 1857 ; Robert Greene, 1831, re-
vised in 1858 ; Thomas Middleton, 1840 ;
'Beaumont and Fletcher, 1843-46 ; Chris-
topher Marlowe, 1850, revised in 1861 ;
;?hake3peare, 1857, revised in 1864-67 ; and
Tohn Ford, 1869. In 1830 he edited the
,ext of 'Demetrius and Euanthe' ('The
Tumorous Lieutenant '). Tliree years later,
le completed Gifford's edition of Jaraed
ihirley, adding a memoir. To tlie Aldine
eries he contributed an edition of Shake-
peare's poems. He edited, also, Kempe's
' Nine Days' Wonder,' Porter's ' Two Angry
Women of Abingdon,' and the two old
plays of ' Timon ' and ' Sir Thomas More,'
all of which see. His other publication.s
include ' Remarks on Collier's and on
Knight's Editions of Shakespeare' (1844),
' A Few Notes on Shakespeare ' (1853), and
' Strictures on Collier's Edition of Shake-
speare ' (1859).
Dyer, Robert. Author of 'Nine Years
of an Actor's Life ' (1833).
Dying- for Love. A comedietta in one
act, by J. Maddison Morton (q.v.), per-
formed in New York in October, 1858.
Dykwynkyn. The no7n de guerre of
Richard Wynne Keene (q.v.), theatrical
designer.
Dymas. The King's favourite in
Young's ' Brothers ' (q.v.).
Dyott, John. Actor ; well known and
popular on the York circuit ; made his
American debut in September, 1844, at the
Park Theatre, New York, as Jago. — His
wife is described by J. N. Ireland as " a
very useful and valuable actress in various
grades of countesses, chambermaids, spin-
sters, and country girls, and rarely equalled
in several parts, especially a line of French
soubrettes." Among her best parts were
Jiosa Dartle, Mrs. Mantalini, and Tilly Slow-
hoy. She retired in 1853.
Dysart, Florence. Actress and voca-
list ; was the original Lydia Hmvthorne in
Cellier's 'Dorothy' (1886); she also played
(in London) Sybil in 'Dandy Dick Turpin'
(1889), the Queen of France in ' Joan of Arc'
(1891), etc.
Each for Himself. A musical farce,
reduced at Drury Lane Theatre in 1816.
Eag-le Eye. A drama of Indian life,
erformed in America.
Eag-le Joe. A drama in four acts, by
[ENRY Herman, Princess's Theatre, Lon-
■on, December 'IQ, 1892.
Eagleclyffe, The Earl of. A cha-
pter in T. W. Robertson's ' Birth ' {q.v.).
Earl (The). A tragedy in verse and five
:ts, founded by Edgar Fawcett (q.v.) on
s own poem, 'Alan Eliot,' and first per-
rmed at Boston, U.S.A., in April, 1837.
Earl G-ood-win and his Three Sons.
play by Robert Wilson, M. Drayton,
. Chettle, and T. Dekker, performed
1598. "A second part, ascribed wholly
Drayton, was acted the same year by the
n-d Admiral's servants." (2) ' Earl Good-
in:' an historical tragedy by ANN YeaRS-
:y, performed at Bath in 1789.
Earl of Brecon (The). A tragedy in
verse, in five acts, by Robert Landor
(q.v.), printed in 1841, and described by
iSwinburne as " noble and pathetic" — " the
motive or mainsi^ring of the action at once
so new, so true, and so touching."
Earl of Essex (The). The title of two
plays based on the story of Elizabeth's
"unhappy favourite : "—(1) A tragedy by
Henry Jones, first performed at Co vent
Garden on February 21, 1753, with Barry as
Ji'ssex, Mrs. Bland as Queen Elizabeth, Sparks
as Lord Burleigh, Smith as Southamptony
Mrs. Cibber as the Coimtess of Rutland, and
Jlrs. Vincent as iheCountess of Nottingham.
This piece was revived at Drury Lane in
1755 and 1773, and at Covent Garden in
1774, 1782, 1790, 1812, and 1822. Genest
points out that Jones should not have made
Burleigh one of the personce, for he was not
alive at the date given to the action of the
play. Mdme. Janauschek acted in America
in 1868 in W. Laube's ' Graf von Essex,'
EARL OF POVERTY
440
EASTER EGG
■which seems to have been suggested by
Henry Jones's play. (2) A tragedy by
Henry Brooke (q.v.), performed at Dublin
in 1743-49 ; produced at Drury Lane on
January 3, 1761, ^yith T. Sheridan as Essex,
Mrs- Pritchard as Queen Elizabeth, Da\i3
as Robert Cecil, Holland as Southampton,
Miss Mo-watt as the Countess of Paitland,
and Mrs. Kennedy as the Countess of Notting-
ham. In this play occurs the passage—
"Monarchs,
To rule o'er freemen, should theniselvei he free."
•which Dr. Johnson parodied in the well-
known line—
" Who drives fat oxen should himself be f.it."
" Jones's ' Earl of Essex,' " wrote Genest in
1832, "keeps possession of the stage; but
Brooke is vastly superior in point of lan-
guage, and finishes the play much better
than Jones does." See Unhappy Fa-
vourite, The.
Earl of Poverty (Tlie); or, Tlie
Old "Wooden House of London "Wall.
A local drama in two acts, by George
Almar, performed at the Surrey Theatre
in February, 1S3S, with E. F. Saville in the
title 7-6le (Lord Glenjillan), and other parts
by Cobham, Dibdin Pitt, Mrs. R. Honner,
etc.
Earl of Warwick (The). (1) A
tragedy by Francis Tolson, produced at
Drury Lane in June, 1719, with Mills in the
title part. (2) A tragedy translated by Dr.
Thomas Franklin, from a play on the
same subject and with the same title by
De la Harpe, and acted at Drury Lane in
December, 1766, with Holland as the hero,
Powell as King Edward, and Mrs. Yates as
Margaret of Anjou. It was played in three
acts at Covent" Garden in 1796, with Mac-
ready as Edward and Mrs. Pope as Margaret.
(3) A tragedy by Paul Hiffernan, also
translated from be la Harpe, and printed
in 1764.
Earl of "Westmorland (The). See
Betrayer of his Country, The.
Earl's Daugrhter (The). A comedy-
drama in two acts, by E. Haslingden
Russell, Theatre Royal, Croydon, July 21,
1S96.— 'The Earl's Housekeeper:' a drama
by W. Seaman, Britannia Theatre, London,
April 22, 1S72.— ' The Pearl's Revenge : ' a
tragedy by John Wilson Ross (died"lSS7),
founded on the story of Lady Jane Grey.
Earls of Eammer smith (The). A
play produced at the Olympic Theatre, Lon-
don, in 1S13.
Earlybird, Edmund. A character in
HOLLiNGSHEAD's ' Birthplace of Pcdgers '
iq.v-X
Earlypurl. The king in Bellingham's
'Blue-Beard Re-Paired ' (q.v.).
Earnest Appeal (An). A farce by
Frederick Hay, first performed at the
Sti-and Theatre, London, on May 6, 1S75,
with H. St. :Maur as Mr. Brusselsprout, Miss
L. Venne as Susan Gingkam, etc.
Earthquake of Martinique (TheX
A play adapted from D'Eiiuery's ' Tremble-
ment de Terre de la Martinique,' and per-
formed in London in 1840.
Earwig-, Jacob. The "boots at the
Swan" in Selby's farce so named {q.v.).
East Indian (The). (1) A 'comedy in
five acts, acted at the Haymarket in 1782, :
with Bannister, jun., in the title part, and
other rOles by Palmer, Bensley, Mrs. Inch-
bald, and Mrs. Bulkeley. (2) A comedy
translated by A. Thompson from the Ger-
man, and printed in 1799. (3) A comedy in
five acts, written by M. G. Lewis at the
age of sixteen, and first performed at Drury,
Lane in April, 1799, with J. P. Kemble in the
title -pmi (Rivers), C. l^em\Ae ?iS Beauchamp,,
Mrs. Jordan as Zorayda (daughter of Rivers),.
R. Palmer as Lord Listless, Barrymore as
Modish, Miss Pope as Miss Chatter'all, etc. ,
East Lynne. A novel by Mrs. Henry
Wood (1S61), of which dramatic versions'
have been made by John Oxenford, J. C.
Chute, T. A. Palmer, etc. Adaptationswere,
performed at the Holborn Theatre, London,
January, 1S73, with Mrs. H. Vezin as the
heroine [see Lady Isabel] ; at the Standard
Theatre, London, in 1878, with Miss J)
Drummond as Lady Isabel ; at the Olympic;
Theatre in 1879, with Miss Heath as Lady
Isabel ; at the Standard in Febniary, 1870.;
with INIiss Bella Pateman as Lady Isabel}
at Astley's Amphitheatre in October. 1879,]
with Miss Sarah Thorne as Lady Isabel,]
Miss EmUy Thorne as Cornelia, and George!
Thorne as Lau-yer Dill ; at the Olympic it]
December, ISSS, with ^Miss Kate 'Read as;
Lady Isabel; at the same theatre in April
1889, with Miss B.ose'MelloT £i.s Lady Isabel
at the Royalty in October, 1891, with Mis-
Frances Ivor as Lady Isabel, Miss G. Olifft
as Joyce, W. L. Abingdon as Levison, Fidle;.
MeUish as Archibald, and H. de Lange a:
Lawyer Dill Miss Louisa Moodie playec
Lady Isabel in the English provinces ii
1876-78. The more recent versions are b;
Edmund Gurney ('The New East Lynne')
Theatre Metropole, Birkenhead, June 6
lS9S(Miss Bessie Rignold as Lady Isabel)'
bv LiLLA WiLDB, Theatre Royal, Cradle;'
Heath, December 19, 1S9S ; and by Berber
Shelley, Grand Theatre, Fulham, Lon
don, February 20, 1899 (:Miss M. Elmore a.
Lady Isabel). Yet another version wa'
seen at the Elephant and Castle Theatre
London, in 1901, with Miss Mary Allestre
as Lady Isabel. Miss Ada Rehan has at,
peared in America as Barbara Hare- Amon
the burlesques founded on the story ma;
be named ' East Lvnne,' performed at th
Theatre Roval, Birmingham, in September
1869. and ' East Lvnne ; or, Isabel that wa
a Belle,' produced at the Theatre Roya
Coventrv, in November, 1884. See Littl;
Billie Carlyle and Lost Lady of Lynni
Easter Eg- gr (An). An operetta in on
act, words and music bv Walter ^LiYNAR
(Willert Beale), Terry's Theatre, Londoi
December 7, 1893.
i
/
EASTLAKE
441
ECCLES
Eastlake, Mary. Actress ; appears
fco have made her professional d6but at the
Crystal Palace, December 14, 1876, as the
first representative of Annie in Matthi-
son's 'Enoch Arden' (?.v.). This was
followed by an engagement at the Criterion
Theatre, during which she was the first
performer of Dorothy in ' Dorothy's Strata-
gem' (1876), Mrs. Lovibond in 'On Bail'
(1877), and Mr$. Greythorne in ' Pink Domi-
nos' (1877). In 1878 she was the original
Eaidde Burnside in 'The Crisis' (Hay-
market). Returning in 1880 to the Criterion,
she was the first representative of Madge in
• Where's the Cat ?' and of Constance Leyton
in 'Butterfly Fever' (1881). From July,
1881, to July, 1886, she was '^'leading lady "
at the Princess's, playing the following
original parts— i?ess in ' The Lights o' Lon-
don'(1881), Gertie Heckett in 'The Romany
Rye' (1882), Nellie Denver in 'The Silver
King ' (1882), ^Itoida in ' Claudian ' (1883),
Lucretia in ' Junius ' (1885), Nance Yeulett
in 'Hoodman Blind' (1885), Esther Breame
in 'The Lord Harry' (1S86), and Ilelle in
'Clito' (1886). At the Globe Theatre in
1887 she was Lilian in the orighial cast of
'The Golden Ladder' (1887). At the Prin-
cess's in 1888 she "created" the part of
Mona in ' Ben-my-Cbree,' and in 1889 that
of Mary Langley in ' Good Old Times.' At
the Olympic in 1891 she was the original
Faith in ' A Yorkshire Lass.' Among other
parts played by her in the course of her
career may be named Ophelia (Princess's,
1884), Pauline Deschapcllcs (Glol)e, 1888),
Maria in 'The School for Scandal' (Gaiety,
1877), Eva in ' Progress ' and Mrs. Mildmay
in 'Still Waters' (Criterion, 1877), Arrah-
na-Pogue (Oystal Palace, 1877), and Lilian
in ' The Old Love and the New ' (Princess's,
1881).
Eastward Hoe. (1) A comedy by
George Chapman, Ben Jonson, and John
Marsxon, acted by the children of her
Majesty's Revels in the Black Friars, and
printed in 1605. In this piece Touchstone,
a city goldsmith, has two apprentices. Quick-
silver and Golding, the one dissolute and
the other sober. Touchstone's elder daughter,
Girtred, marries Sir Petronel Flash, who
persuades her to sell an estate bequeathed
to her, with a view to his levanting with the
proceeds. Circumstances, however, prevent
his flight, and in the end he is forgiven.
" It is said that, for writing this comedy,
wherein the authors were accused of reflect-
ing on the Scots, they were committed to
prison, and were in danger of losing their
ears and noses. They, however, received
pardons." In 16S5 an adaptation by Nahum
|Tate, entitled 'Cuckold's Haven' (g.v.),
[Was produced at Dorset Garden. In 1751
the original play was performed one night
(October 29) at Drury Lane, with Yates as
\TQuchstone, Woodward as Quicksilver, INJat-
itocks as Goldina, Palmer as Fla»h, and
Kitty Clive as (Girtred. A second adapta-
tion, by Mrs. LENNOX, was performed at
Drury Lane in 1775, under the title of ' Old
City Manners '(^^.f.). From ' Eastviard Hoe,'
it is said, Hogarth took the idea of his set
of prints called * Industry and Idlene.ss.'
(2) A new version of the operatic bui--
lesque, 'The Black Cat' {q.v.), Avritten up
to date by W^. Younge, and produced on
December 24, 1894, at the Op^ra Comique,
London.
Easy. (1) Sir Credulous Easy figures in
Mrs. Bern's ' Sir Patient Fancy' {q.v.). (2)
Sir Charles and Lady Easy are characters
in Gibber's ' Careless Husband ' {q.v.). " In
Lady Easy," Doran writes, "we have, what
was hitherto unknown, or laughed at, — a
virtuous married woman." (3) Gilbert Easy
is one of ihepersonce in Oxenford's 'Billing
and Cooing ' {q.v.).
Easy Mark (An). See My Wife's
Step-Husband.
Easy Shaving-. A farce by F. C. BuR-
nand {q.v.) and Montague Williams (g. v.),
produced at the Haymarket Theatre in June,
1S63.
Easy Street. A play, with music by
W. S. Mullaby, performed in U.S.A.
Ebbsmith, The Notorious Mrs.
See Notorious Mrs. Ebbsmith.
Ebony Casket (The); or, Mabel's
Two Birthdays. A drama in four acts,
by T. AV. SPEiGfir, Gaiety Theatre, London,
November 9, 1872.
Ebsworth, Joseph. Dramatic writer,
born 1788, died 1868 ; was the author or
adapter of numerous plays, including ' Ade-
laide' (from Pixerecourt), 'The Crusaders'
{q.v.), 'Ourika' {q.v.), 'The Rival Valets'
{q.v.), ' Rosalie ' {q.v.), ' Rouge et Noir ' {q.v.),
' Tarn o' Shanter ' {q.v.), ' The Tempter '{q.v.),
and 'The Two Prisoners of Lyons' {q.v.).
In early life Ebsworth had experience both
as a vocalist and as an actor, being engaged
in the latter capacity at Edinburgh circa
1S26. His wife, Mary Emma Ebsworth
(born 1794, died 1881), was the author of
' Payable at Sight ' {q.v.), ' The Sculptor of
Florence,' and other dramatic pieces.
Ecarte. A comedy in four acts, by Lord
Neavry, performed at the Globe Theatre,
London, for the first and only time, on
December 3, 1870, with Miss Ada Cavendish
as 3[rs. Mason, and other parts by Miss
Alleyne, R. Cathcart, Shafto Robertson, F.
Kilpack, G. Temple, etc.
Eccentric Lover (The). A comedy in
five acts, by Richard Cumberland {q.v.},
performed at Covent Garden on April 30,
1798.
Eccles. Father of Esther and Polly
Eccles in ROBERTSON'S ' Caste' {q.v.).
Eccles, Ambrose (died 1809), published
editions, with notes and other memoranda,
of 'Cymbeline' (1793), 'King Lear' (1793),
and ' The Merchant of Venice' (1805). See
' Biographia Dramatica ' (1812).
Eccles, John (died 1735), contributed
musical numbers to many dramatic pieces
circa 1681-1707. In 1696 he wrote music for
ECHARD
442
EDGAR POE
a revival of ' Macbeth.' For a list of other
theatrical productions with which he was
associated, see Grove's 'Dictionary of
Music' (1879) and the 'Dictionary of
National Biography.'
Ecliard, Lawrence. Prebendary of
Lincoln and Archdeacon of Stow, born 1671,
died 1730 ; translated into English nine
comedies by Plautus and Terence.
Echo. (1) A character in Jonson's
'Cynthia's Revels' (q.v.). (2) A character
in Kex-net's 'World' (qv.). "He adopts
the opinion and imitates the manners of
any person with whom he may happen to be
acquainted."
Echo. A comedy in three acts, by A.
:M. Heathcote, Trafalgar Square Theatre,
London, April 25, 1S93.
Echoes of the Nig-ht. A drama in
four acts, by H. P. Grattax and Joseph
Eldred, first performed at Bradford in
January, 1S84 ; produced at the Pavilion
Tlieatre, London, on July 7 following.
Eclipsing: the Son. A comic drama,
adapted by W. W. Hartopp from the
French.
Ecole des Femmes (L'), See Agnes,
Love i.\ a Wood, School for Guardians,
and Sir Solomon.
Ecole des Maris (L'). See Country
Wife, Love in a Wood, Plain Dealer,
and Mulberry Garden.
Edda. A melodrama by Edward Fitz-
15ALL, performed at the Surrey Theatre.
Eddystone Elf (The). A melodrama
in two acts, by George Dibdin Pitt, first
performed at Sadler's Wells in 1S33, with
R. Honner in the title part. At the Surrey
in the following year the cast included the
author, T. P. Cooke, and Vale.
Eden, Rev. Mr. The clergyman who
befriends the boy Josephs in Reade'S
'It's Never too Late to Mend' {q.v.).— The
Earl of Eden figures in Boucicault's ' For-
mosa' iq.v.).
Edendale. A drama in three acts, by
C. S. Cheltnam iq.v.), first performed at the
Charing Cross Theatre, London, .June 19,
1S69, with Miss Ernstone, Miss Kathleen
Irwin, Miss Hughes, J. G. Shore, and C. P.
Flockton in the^cast.
Edgar. (1) Son of Gloucester in 'King
Lear.' (2) Master of Ravenswood in all
the adaptations of ' The Brido of Lammer-
moor' di-v.), and all the English libretti of
'Lucia di Lammermoor' {q.v.). (3) The
chief male character in Tennyson's ' Pro-
mise of :May' {q.v-).
Edg-ar; or, Caledonian Eeuds. A
iragedv bv GEORGE Manners, adapted from
Mrs. Ratcliffe's story, ' The Castles of Athlin
and Dunbayne,' and performed at Covent
Garden in May, ISOO.
Edg-ar ; or, The Eng-lish Monarch.
A tragedy by T. Ryjier, written in heroic
verse, and printed in 1678. The plot is from
William of Malmesbury and other old Eng-
lish historians, Edgar being the King of
the West Saxons. See Athelwold, Edg.a.r
and Alfreda, and Elfrida.
Edg-ar and Alfreda. A tragi-comedy
by E. Ravenscroft, acted at the Theatre
Royal in 1677. " This play has some resem-
blance to ' Edgar ; or, The English Monarch '
{q.v.), but the plot of it (says the ' Biographia
Dramatica') is seemingly borrowed from a
novel culled ' The Annals of Love.' "
Edgar and Emmeline. A "fairv
tale" by J. Hawksworth, produced at
Drury Lane in January, 1761. In this piece
the hero and heroine were supposed to ex-
change sex, by command of the fairies, and
by way of enabling them "to receive the
impressions of love, unknown to themselves,
through the conveyance of friendship."
Edgar Atheling, in Cumberland's
'Battle of Hastings' (^.i'.), is in love with
Edwina {q.v.).
Edg-ar etsa Bonne. See My Mother's
Maid.
Edgar, Edward Fisher. Actor and
manager, died September, 18s4 ; made his
London debut in 1852 at the 01yn)pic Theatre
as Andre in ' Lucille ' {q.v.). He was in the
original casts of Fitzball's ' Nitocris ' (1855),
' True to the Core,' ' Nobody's Child,' ' The
Rapparee,' ' Philomel,' Wills's ' Charles I.,'
Wills's ' Eugene Aram,' ' England in the
Days of Charles II.,' 'Family Honour.'
Merivale's ' Lord of the Manor,' ' His Wife,'
' Storm Beaten,' Gilbert's ' Comedy and
Tragedy ' (18S4). His other parts in London
included Orlando (1854), Pompey in ' Antony
and Cleopatra ' (1867), Cassio (1878), Aimwe'U
in ' The Beaux' Stratagem ' (1879), Twitch in
'The Good-natured Man' (1881), etc. He
was at different times lessee of the Maryle-
bone Theatre and co-lessee of the Surrey.
Edgar, Richard Horatio. Actor,
born 1848, died 1^94 ; son of Robert Edgar
{q.v.); after some provincial experience,
appeared at Sadler's Wells, and toured in
America, whence he returned to England to
figure as low comedian and stage-manager
at the Queen's, Manchester. For tM'o years
he was in management at Rochdale ; after
which he sent numerous companies on tour,
himself appearing with them as Perky n
Middlevjick in 'Our Boys,' Partridge in
' Sophia,' Mr. Poskett in ' The IMagistrate,'
Goldfinch in ' A Pair of Spectacles,' etc.
Edgar, Robert. Theatrical manager,
died May, 1871 ; lessee succes.sively of the
Standard and Sadler's Wells Theatres. See
Marriott, Alice.
Edgar Poe. A play by Henry Tyrrell,
performed at the Empire Theatre, New-
York, May 14, 1895.—' Edgar Allan Poe ; or.
The Raven : ' a play by George C. Hazle-
TON, jun., first performed at Albaugh's ,
Lyceum Theatre, Baltimore, Md., October
11, 1895.
i
EDGEWORTH
EDINBURGH
Edg-eworth, Ezekiel. A cutpurse in
JONSON'S ' Bartholomew Fair' {q.v.).
Edgring", Mrs. Woman to Lady Easy
in Gibber's ' Careless Husband' {q.v.).
Edinburg-h. The first reference in local
records to dramatic matters in the capital
of Scotland has for date the year 1554, when
the municipal authorities ordered a certain
payment to be made in connection with a
play performed within their jurisdiction.
The " playinc; place " appears to have been
the Greenside, and was prepared at a cost
of a hundred marks. The first play of which
documentary mention is made in connection
with Edinburgh is the ' Three Estates ' of Sir
David Liiulsay (q. v.). The Greenside wasused,
apparently, for theatrical purposes at least
as late as 1588. In 1593 Edinburgh received
a visit from a company of English actors,
of whose personnel nothing is known. They
were followed in 15'J9 by a troupe, also from
England, of whom Shakespeare may have
been one, seeing that the company was that
of Lawrence Eletcher, with which tlie poet
is known to have been associated. Fletcher
and his colleagues, it would seem, acted
first before the Court, and then received
royal permission to perform in public, much
to the displeasure of the local clergy. In 1603
King James removed his court to Whitehall,
and from that date onwards, for many a
year, players in the Scots' capital had no
direct royal patronage. "Not till we arrive
at the year 1GG3 is there," says J. C. Dibdin,
" any further record of tlie drama " in Edin-
burgh. "Jan Penthus" was then allowed
to build a public stage " down about Black-
friar Wynd head." In 16(58 came a represen-
tation Jf Sydserf's comedy, 'Tarugo's Wiles,'
in tlie tenuis court at Holyrood. In 1C69
and 1670 the town council are found licensing
special performances, and in 1072 the local
records make mention of a representation
of 'Macbeth.' In 1677 and 1637 further
special licenses are issued, and in 1689 we
find the city losing the services of Sydserf,
who had been managing a "theatre " in the
Canongate. The next notable entrepreneur
was Anthony Aston {q.v.), whose career as
manager extended certainly from 1725 to
[W28. His locale was the Skinner's Hall,
'and his regime was chequered, not to say
stormy. He contended manfully, and not
unsuccessfully at times, against official
prejudice, but had to succumb at last.
From 1728 to 1735 performances were given
in the Taylors' Hall, Canongate, by "the
Edinburgh company of players," who, with
other things, produced ' The Tempest ' for
the first time in the city. In September,
1736, it was announced that " the new theatre
in Cari'utlier's Close will be opened the
first of November." " This was the first
regrilar theatrical establishment ever erected
in Scotland, and was brought into existence
by the enterprise of the poet, Allan Ramsay.
What fortune it may have had, during its
brief existence of little more than sis
months, is unknown. That it was shut up
immediately on the passing of the New Act,
10 George II. cap. 28, June 24, 1737, is
certain. Ramsay must have lost heavily bv
his speculation " (J. C. Dibdin). Management
at the Taylors' Hall was by-and-by under-
taken by one Thomas Este, who appears to
have flourished, more or less, between 1741
and 1745, when he died. He had hit upon the
idea of calling the place a concert hall, and
charging the public for admission to a
musical entertainment, after which a play
was given "gratis." This device kept the
drama alive in Edinburgh till 1767, when a
patent was first granted to a local playhouse.
IMeanwhile, 1747 was signalized by a large
secession from the Taylors' Hall, many of
the players taking service at a new " concert
hall" which had been erected in the Canon-
gate. Of this establishment, John Lee {q.v. ),
the actor, from Drury Lane, became the
director in 1752. He was not, however, well
treated by his principal patrons and sup-
porters, who engaged a Mr. Callender to
replace him as business manager, the entire
direction of the stage being vested in West
Digges {q.v.), who, before long, became
manager-in-chief. This was in 1756, a year
notable for the production of Home's
'Douglas' {q.v.). Digges reigned for a
year or two, giving way eventually to a
combination of Callender with Bates (or
Beat) of Newcastle. Under the rule of these
gentlemen the," concert hall" was the scene
of a riot, which created a strong prejudice
against an unlicensed playhouse and a de-
mand for a licensed one. A patent was ac-
cordingly applied for and granted, the first
holder of it being David Ross {q.v.), from
Covent Garden, who was enabled to erect
a new building in Shakespeare Square on
the site of the present General Post Office.
This "Theatre Royal" was opened on De-
cember 9, 1769, with the patentee as " leadin^:
man" and Mrs. Baker as "leading lady."
In the following year Ross leased the the-
atre to Samuel Foote {q.v.), who, in his first
season, brought the whole of the Haymarket
company to Edinburgh. He was glad, how-
ever, in 1771 to resign the sceptre to West
Digges, who by-and-by took John Bland
into paitnership, and introduced Yates, Mrs.
Yates, Shuter, Barry, and Mrs. Barry to
local audiences. His management was not
successful on the whole, and in 1777 he re-
tired from it, followed in 1779 by Bland. A
ilr, Corri, and afterwards, Tate Wilkinson,
had the theatre for a season or two, and
then in 1781 Ross resumed control, with the
result that he was soon bankrupt. It was
at this juncture that John Kemble first ap-
peared in Edinburgh. The next lessee was
John Jackson {q.v.) — actor, dramatist, and
author of a ' History of the Scottish Stage.'
Starting in November, 1781, he engaged Mrs.
Bulkeley as " leading lady," and during the
next few years presented r^Irs. Baddeley,
Mrs. Siddons, Henderson, Mrs. Jordan, and
others to the Scottish public. In September,
1788, the patent expired and had to be re-
newed, the Duke of Hamilton and Mr. Henry
Dundas becoming trustees for the public.
In 1791 Jackson's reign ended, and the the-
atre passed for a season into the hands
of Stephen Kemble {q.v.), who, succeeded
EDINBURGH
EDMUND
by Mrs. Esden, started in opposition to her
at the Circus in Leith Walk. In 1794 she
ceded tlie Theatre Royal to him "for a con-
sideration," and he remained director till
1800, meanwhile bring-ing to Edinburgh such
" stars" as Incledon, Mrs. Crouch, and Ellis-
ton. In 1801 Jackson resumed his old posi-
tion in partnership with Aickin of Liverpool,
and between that date and 1809 employed
Charles Mayne Young as "leading man,"
Bannister, jun., Cooke, and others coming
as " stars." Henry Siddons became lessee in
1809. At first he transferred the patent from
the Shakespeare Square house to the Circus
aforesaid, but he returned to the former
in 1811. His wife was his "leading lady,"
and both Munden and Charles IMathews
appeared under his auspices. In 1815 he
died, and his brother-in-law, W. H. Murray
(q.v.), who had been a member of the com-
pany since 1809, joined Mrs. H. Siddons in
the management. The fifteen years that
followed were memorable in the theatrical
history of Edinburgh. They witnessed the
appearances as "stars" of Miss O'Neill,
Edmund Kean, C. Kemble, Grimaldi, Fanny
Kelly, Mdme. Vestris, Vaudenhoff, ISIiss
Foote, Braham, Miss Jarman, and Fanny
Kemble, and the work done as "stock"
actors by Murray, Calcraft, Montagu Stanley,
and Mackay. In 1830 the patent granted to
Henry Siddons expired, and it was now re-
newed in favour of Murray, who also became
lessee (with Yates) of the unlicensed Circus,
which had come to be known as the " Cale-
donian," and was re-christened by Murray
the "Adelphi." This house was kept open
in the summer, and the Theatre Royal in
the winter. Murray continued in manage-
ment of both till October, 1851— practically,
for twenty years, during Avhich, at one or the
other house, he introduced to his patrons
Mdme. Celeste, Sheridan Knowles. Miss
Ellen Tree, Charles Kean, J. B. Buckstone,
C. J. Mathews, jNIiss Helen Faucit, G. V.
Brooke, James Anderson, Mrs.AVarner, Barry
Sullivan, Miss Glyn, Miss Cushman, Edwin
Forrest, etc., besides maintaining a stock
company in which many players since
famous had much of their early experience.
On Murray's retirement H. F. Lloyd and
R. H. Wyndham became lessees, respectively,
of the Theatre Royal and the Adelphi. Lloyd
vacated the Royal in 1852, in favour of Rolli-
son and Leslie (an actor). In January, 1853,
Rollison retired. In May, 1S53, the Adelphi
was burned down, and Wyndham became
lessee of the vacant Royal. Of this he was
director from June, 1853, to May, 1S59, and
an the course of that period his company
included J. L. Toole and Henry Irving. In
1857 it had already become known that the
Government intended to buy the ground on
■which the Royal rested, in order to erect
there the General Post OflQce. In 1855 the
Adelphi, rebuilt, had been opened by James
Black, of Leith, as the " Queen's" Theatre ;
but Black failed, and in November, 1857,
Wyndham took the house off his hands. In
1859, when theRoj^al had to be surrendered.
Wyndham transferred its patent to the
Queen's, which he renamed the Royal. There
he stayed till January, 1865, when the build-
ing was destroyed by tire. Another structure
took its place in December, 1865, and this,
too, w^as burned down in February, 1875. At
this point Wyndham retired from manage-
ment. Yet another Theatre Royal, erected
on the same site, was opened in January,
1876, by J. B. Howard, and in June, 1884,
shared the fate of its predecessors. Its
successor was opened in December, 1884, by
H. Cecil Beryl. Meanwhile, other theatres
had been springing up in Edinburgh. In
1860 a music-hall on the south side of the
city had been transformed into a playhouse,
and this, in 1868, had been opened as the
"Princess's" by A. D. McNeill, for many
years popular as manager and as actor.
Dying in 1884, he was succeeded by his son,
W. A. McNeill, who kept the theatre open
till May, 1886. In December, 1875, Wybert
Reeve had begun operations in a building a
little to the west of the Castle, which was
called the Edinburgh Theatre, and was the
scene in 1876 of Salvini's first performances
in Great Britain. In April, 1877, it closed
its doors for good. Again, J. B. Howard,
deserting the Theatre Royal in 1883, had in
September of that year joined with F. W.
Wyndham (son of R. H, Wyndham) in
opening the Royal Lyceum Theatre. For
full details of the story thus outlined, see
J. C. Dibdin's ' Annals of the Edinburgh
Stage' (1888), Jackson's 'Scottish Stage,'
Genest's ' English Stage,' the histories of
Scotland and of Edinburgh, Wilkinson's
' Wandering Patentee,' Lowe's ' English
Theatrical Literature,' etc.
Edith. Daughter of Baldivin in Beau-
mont's ' Bloody Brother ' (q.v.).
Editha. A character in Mrs. Cowley's
• Albina ' Iq.v.).
Edith.a ; or. The Siege of Exeter.
A tragedy by Hugh Downman, M.D., per-
formed at Exeter in 1786.
Editha's Burglar. A story by Mrs,
F. H. Burnett, of which there have been
several dramatizations under the same title :
—(1) A play by Augustus Thomas and
Edgar S.mith, performed in U.S.A. in 1887.
(2) A play in one act, by Edwin Cleary,
performed at the Princess's Theatre, London,
October 28, 1887. (3) A play in four acts, by
Mrs. BUR.N'ETT herself , produced at the Park
Theatre, Boston, U.S.A., on June 17, 1889.
(4) A drama in three acts, by :Mrs. F. H.
BURNETT and STEPHEN TOWNSEND, brought
out at the Bijou Theatre, Neath, on January
3, 1890. See NlxiE.
Edmond. The " Blind Boy " in J.
Kenney's melodrama so named (q.v.).
Edmund. Natural son of the Earl of
Gloucester, in 'King Lear' (q.v.). "The
whole character, its careless, light-hearted
villainy, contrasted with the sullen, ranco-
rous malignity of Rejan and Goneril ; its
connection with the conduct of the under-
plot, in which Glostefs persecution of one
of his sons and the ingratitude of another
EDMUND KEAN
445
EDWARD III.
form a counterpart to the mistakes and
misfortunes of Lear ; his double amour with
the two sisters, and the share which he has
in bringing about the fatal catastrophe, are
all managed," says Hazlitt, "with an un-
common degree of skill and power."
Edmund. Kean. (1) A drama in four
acts, translated from the ' Kean ' of Alex-
andre Dumas (Paris, 1836), and first per-
formed at the Holborn Theatre, London, on
September 25, 1871, with T. Swinbourne as
Kean, Gaston Murray as the Prince of Res-
selstadt, E. J. Odell as Sterling {Eean's con-
fidential servant), Miss Josephine Fiddes as
the Lady Angela, Miss Patti Josephs as Alice
Elton, etc. (2) A play in five acts, adapted
by T. Edgar Pemberton from Dumas'
' Kean,' Theatre Royal, West Hartleoool.
January 4, 1895, with Edward Compton
as Kean. Lewis Ball as Tabberer, Miss
Sidney Crowe as Lady Lidcombe, etc. ;
Metropole Theatre, Camberwell, London,
October 23, 189G. (3) A one-act play by
Gladys Unger, Vaudeville Theatre, Lou-
don, January 10, 1903. See Royal Box,
The.
Edmunda, in Ireland's 'Vortigern'
{q.v.), is Vortigern' s wife.
Edouin, Bose. See Lewis, Mrs.
G.B.
Edouin, "Willie. Actor and manager ;
joined the troupe managed by Miss Ivvdia
Thompson, with whom heactetl in America,
and afterwards in London, where he was
seen, at the Charing Cross Theatre in 1874,
as Zoug-Zoug and the Heathen Chinee in
the burlesque of 'Blue Beard' {q.v.). His
next prominent part in London was that
of Dolly in ' The Babes ' (Toole's Theatre,
1884), followed by those of Boohee Jappa in
'The Japs' (Novelty, 1SS5), Carraway Bones
in 'Turned Up' (Comedv, 18361, Macovey in
•The Coming Clown' (Royalty, 1886), and
John Sherwin in ' Ivy ' (same theatre and
year). In February, 1S3S, he became mana-
ger of the Strand Theatre, with whicli he
remained associated till 1894. During this
period he played the leading " low comedy "
roles in ' Katti ' (1888), ' Airey Annie ' (1888),
'His Wives' (1888), 'Run Wild' (1888),
•Kleptomania' (1888), 'Private Enquiry'
(1891), 'Our Daughters' (1891), 'A Night's
Frolic ' (1891), 'The Late Lamented ' (1891),
'The New Wing' (1892), 'The Postman'
(1892), 'Wide Awake' (1893), 'The Lady
Killer ' (1893), ' Beauty's Toils ' (1893), ' The
Jerry Builder ' (1894), and ' The Wrong Girl '
(1894). He first appeared as Nathaniel Glover
(the theatrical manager) in ' Our Flat ' at
the Prince of Wales's Theatre in 1889. He
was also the representative of Michonnet in
I Trooper Clairette' at the Opera Comique
in 1892. His later impersonations have in-
cluded Ililarius in ' La Poupee ' (1897),
Tweedlepunch in 'Florodora' (1900), and
the leading comic part in 'The Girl from
Kay's' (1902), and 'Amorelle' (1903). He
is co-author, with T. G. Warren, of the
play entitled ' Our Daughters ' (qv.y—Uis
daughter. May Edouix, made her stage
debut m 1894, in which year she figured at
the Strand m ' The Jerrv Builder ' (qv)~
For an account of Mrs. Willie Edouiu'(died
1899), see Atherto.n, Alice.
Education. A comedy in five acts by
Thomas Morto.x, produced at Covent Gar-
den in April, 1813, with a cast including
Young, Mathews, Fawcett, C. Kemble,
Liston, Barrymore, Mrs. Charles Kemble
Mrs. S. Booth, and Mrs. Davenport. In
this piece, says Genest, " fashionable educa-
tion is well ridiculed," the heroine (Rosina}
being a teacher in a fashionable school.
Edward I. An historical play by
George Peele, first printed in 1593. The
full title runs as folio v*s: 'The famous
Chronicle of King Edward the First, sur-
named Longshankes, with his Returne from
the Holy Land. Also the Life of Lleuellen,
Rebell in Wales. Lastly, the sinking of
Queen Elinor, who sunck at Charing Crosse,
and rose again at Potter'shith, now named
Queenhith.'
Edward II. A tragedy by Christo-
pher Marlowe, entered on the book of
the Stationers' Company on July 6, 1593,
acted by the Earl of Pembroke's servants,
and printed in 1594 and 1598. This play
describes not only the " troublesome reign
and lamentable death" of Edward, but
"the tragical fall of proud Mortimer, and
also the life and death of Piers Gaveston, the
great Earl of Cornwall, and mighty favourite
of King Edward the Second." "In a verv
different style from miglity Tamberlaine is,""
says Charles Lamb, "the tragedy of •Ed-
ward the Second.' The reluctant pangs of
abdicatingroyalty in Edward furnished hints,
which Shakespeare .<<carcely improved in his
• Richard the Second ; ' and the death-scene
of Marlowe's king moves pity and terror
beyond any scene ancient or modern with
which I am acquainted." Hazlitt also hoId»
that " the death of Edward II. in Marlowe's
tragedy is certainly superior to that of
Shakspeare's king ; " but he goes on to .say
that "the management of the plot is feeble
and desultory ; little interest is excited in
the various turns of fate ; the characters are
too worthless, have too little energy, and
their punishment is, in general, too well
deserved, to excite our commiseration ; scv
that this play will bear, on the whole, but
a distant comparison with Shakspeare's
' Richard II.' in conduct, power, or effect."
See the editions by Fleay (1877) and Tan-
cock (18S7). The play was performed at the
New Theatre, Oxford, on August 10, 1903,
with Granville Barker as Edward (under
the auspices of the Elizabethan Stag©
Society).
Edward III., his Eeigrn. "An
History, sundry times played about the
City of London," first printed in 1596, and
reprinted in 1599, 1609, 1617, and 1625. In
1760 it was included by Capell in a volume
called ' Prolusions,' and therein described as
"a play thought to be writ by Shake.spe
"A few folk,' writes F. J. Furnival. '
eare.
OuU-
EDWARD IV.
446
EDWARDES
tend that Shakspere wrote the whole play.
Against them the internal evidence is clear.
It is impossible that Shakspere at any time
of his life can have been guilty of the faults
this drama contains at the same time that
he could have produced its beauties. First
the play has no dramatic unity. It is made
up of two halves. It has two distinct plots,
that of the King and Countess, and that of
the King and the Black Prince and the
wars. The plots are not interwoven with
one another, after Shakspere's invariable
manner" ('Leopold Shakspere')- J- A.
Symonds says : " Those critics who would
fain detect the veritable Shakspere in
Acts I. and II., have something plausible
to say " (' Shakspere's Predecessors '). Fleay
(* Life of Shakespeare ') thinks that the play
was written originally by Marlowe, and that
Shakespeare added to it the episode of the
King and the Countess. That episode was
enacted at St. George's Hall, London, on
July 9, 1897, under the auspices of the
Elizabethan Stage Society. The play was
edited by G. C. Moore Smith in 1S97.
(2) 'King Edward IIL, with the Fall of
Mortimer, Earl of March : ' an historical
play, ascribed to John Bantroft (who is
said to have presented it to Mountfort the
actor), and performed at the Theatre Royal
in 1691, with Powell as Edward, Williams
as Mortimer, Mountfort as Lord Mountacute,
Leigh as Tarleton, Nokes as Sergeant Either-
side, Mrs. Bracegirdle as Maria, and other
parts by Kynaston, Bowman, Sandford, and
Mrs. Barry.
Ed-ward IV. An historical play by
Thomas Heywood, in two parts, " contain-
ing his merry pastime with the Tanner of
Tamworth, as also his love to fair mistress
Shore, her great promotion, fall, and misery,
and lastly the lamentable death of both her
and her husband ; likewise the besieging
of London by the Bastard lalconbridge,
and the valiant defence of the same by the
Lord Mayor and the Citizens ; " first printed
in leoo, and edited in 1842 by Baron Field.
" The hero of these two plays," says Swin-
burne, "is no royal or noble personage;
he is plain Matthezv Shore, the goldsmith.
. . . Our poet is a champion cockney,
•whose interest is really much less in the
rise and fall of princes 'than in the homely
loyalty of shopkeepers and the sturdy
gallantry of their apprentices. . . . Pathos
there is of a true and manly kind in the
leading part of Shore; but it has little or
nothing of the poignant and intense tender-
ness with which Heywood was afterwards to
invest the sijnilar part of Frankford (q.v.).
Humour there is of a genuine plainspun
kind in the scenes which introduce the Einj
as the guest of the Tanner ; Hobs and his
surroundings, Grudgen and Goodfellou; are
presented Mith a comic and cordial fidelity
which the painter of Falstafl's 'villeggia-
tura,' the creator of Shallow, Silence, and
Davy, might justly and conceivably have
approved " (' Nineteenth Century,' Api-il,
lS9o).—Edicard IV. figures in '3 Henry
VL' and' Richard m.''
Edward VI., of England, is said to
have written an " elegant comedy" entitled
'The Whore of Babylon.' See Collier's
' Dramatic Poetry.'
Edward and Eleanora. A tragedy
by James Thomson (^q.v.), printed in 1739.
It was to have been acted at Covent Garden
on March 29, but after the parts had been
distributed, and the play several times re-
hearsed, its performance was prohibited by
the Lord Chamberlain on account of cer-
tain passages which, it was feared, might
be taken as alluding, or applicable, to the
differences between King George II. and
his eldest son. Thus, in one place, a charac-
ter in the piece had to say —
" Has not the royal heir a juster claim
To share his father's inmost heart and counsels,
Than aliens to his interest, those who make
A property, a market, of his honour?"
" By the favour of the Prince of Wales, . . .
it is supposed the poet sustained no loss by
this play being refused stage representation."
Altered by Thomas Hull, the piece was ulti-
mately brought out at Covent Garden in
March, 1775, with Lewis as Edioard, ]\Irs.
Barry as Eleanora, Hull himself as Gloster,
and Mrs. Mattocks, Bensley, and Clarke in
other parts. "The plot is built on the
affecting circumstance of conjugal love in
Eleanora to EdAvard I., who, when her
husband (at that time not king) received a
wound with a poisoned arrow in the holy
wars, cured the wound by sucking out the
venom* although to the apparent hazard of
her own life " (' Biographia Dramatica ').
"The conjugal heroism of Eleanora is not
true in point of fact, but as the story was
popular it was well adapted to the stage "
(Genest).
Edward the Black Prince ; or, The
Battle of Poictiers. (I) A tragedy by
Mrs. HoPER, performed "at the play
house in Goodman's Fields," about 1748,
with Miss Budgell as " the principal heroine."
(2) A tragedy by William Shirley, pro-
duced at Drury Lane in January, 1750, with
Garrick as Edward, Havard as Arnold,
Barry as Lord Rikcmont, Mrs. Ward as
Mariana, etc. The central incident is the
battle of Poictiers, in which Arnold, who
has first deserted to the French (through
love of Mariana), and then returned to the
English, is killed by Rihemont. " The Black
Prince was too uniform, too cold and tame,
for such an actor as Garrick." Shirley's
play, much altered by F. Reynolds (who
drew, also, upon Beaumont and Fletcher),
was revived at Drury Lane in 1828, with
Wallack a,s Edward, Macready as Rihemont,
and Miss E. Tree as Julio {Ribemont's
page).
Edwardes, Conway Theodore
Marriott. Dramatic writer, died May,
18S0; author of 'Our Pet' (1873), 'Heroes'
(1876), and 'Long Odds ' (18S3)— comedies ;
of ' Linda di Chamouni ' (1869). ' Don Carlos '
(1869), and 'Anne Boleyn ' (1872)— burlesques ;
also of ' Board and Residence ' (1870)— farce ;
of ' Love Bird ' (1872)— libretto ; and, with
I
EDWARDES
447
EDWIN
E. A. Cullerne, of ' Dreadfully Alarming '
<1871)— farce.
Edwardes, Richard. Dramatic writer,
born about 1523, died 1566 ; scholar of
Corpus Christi, Oxfurd ; appointed master
of the Children of the Chapel Royal in 1559 ;
author of 'Damon and Pythias' (^.v.) and
'Palamon and Arcyte' {q.v.) (1566). F. G.
Fleay (' History of the Stage ') suggests
that Edwardes was also the author of
' Misogonus ' {q.v.). See Wood's 'Athense
Oxonienses,' Warton's ' English Poetry,' and
Collier's ' Dramatic Poetry.'
Edwards, Georgre Spencer. The-
atrical critic and miscellaneous writer ;
became connected in 1870 with the Era,
and was for many years chief of the editorial
staff and dramatic critic, also editing the
literary contents of the ' J''/ra Almanac'
He was the original "Carados" of the
Referee, with wJuch he is still associated.
In 1898 he was ajjpointed dramatic critic to
the Illustrated Sportinfj and Dramatic 2^'ews,
to which he has contributed many biographi-
cal sketches iu the form of "interviews."
He is the editorand part-author of ' Snazelle-
parilla ' [see Snazelle] (189sj.
Edwards, H. Sutherland. Dramatic
writer and journalist; author of ' The Late
Ralph Johnston' (1872) and 'Simpson and
Delilah ' (1882) ; of ' Frou-Frou ' (1870) and
' Fernando ' (1870)— adaptations ; of the
libretti of 'La .Marjolaine ' (ls77), 'Minna'
(1886), 'Madame Cartouche '(1891), and ' Eu-
gene Oniegin' (1892) ; author, also, with Bran-
don Thomas, of 'Nellie's Flight '(18s6), with
Sydney Clrundy, of 'A Wife's Sacrifice,'
adaptation (18.-^('.), and, with W. Tavlor, of
' The Fiend at Fault ' (1894). II. S. Edwards
is also the autlior of ' The Lyrical Drama '
(1880), ' Rossini ' (1881), ' Famous First Re-
presentations' (1886), 'The Prima Donna'
(1888), ' Idols of the French Stage ' (1889),
and ' Personal Recollections ' (1900).
Edwards, Jaraes Carter. Actor ;
made his professional debut at Hull in July,
1861. After that came engagements at
Aberdeen, Birmingham, and Leeds, where
(1868-70) he was tlie original representative
of Arthur Wardlaw in Reade's ' Foul Play'
(q.v.), and Mr. Coventry in the same writer's
"Put yourself in his Place' (q.v.). Two
years and more of " leading business " at
Edinburgh (1871-73) was followed by a long
connection with the >Mdile. Beatrice com-
pany, during which he figured in the first
casts of ' The Sphinx,' ' John Jasper's
AVife,' ' A Woman of the People, ' Married,
not Mated,' etc. Of recent years he has
been a member of Wilson Barrett's company.
Edwards, Julian. Musical composer,
born at Manchester, 1856 ; furnished the
score for the following operas, and others :
—'Brian Boru,' 'The Jolly Musketeer,'
' Jupiter,' ' King Rent's Daughter,' ' Made-
line,' ' Victorian,' and ' The Wedding Day.'
He has also acted as orchestral conductor to
tieveral opera companies.
Edwards, May. The heroine of
Taylor's 'Ticket-of-Leave Man' (q.v.).
Edwards, Osman. Translator into
English of the second version of Bjijrnson's
play, ' A Gauntlet ' (q.v.) (1884).
Edwena. Daughter of Lucrine in Jack.-
so.N's 'Eldred' (^.r.).
Edwigre. The gipsy girl in * Falka '
(q.v.).
Edwin. A tragedy by George Jef-
freys, acted in Lincoln's Inn Fields in
1724, with Boheme in the title character
(King of Britain), supported by Ryan, Quin,
etc.
Edwin and Ang-elina. This ballad
by Goldsmith has suggested two dramatic
pieces : (1) An opera by E. H. Smith, acted
at New York, and printed there in 1797.
(2) A "melodramatic burlesque" by Miss
Walford, performed by amateurs at St.
George's Hall, London, May 6, 1871.
Edwin, Elizabeth Rehecca [Mrs.
Jolni Edwin, jun.]. Actress, born about
1771, died 1854 ; nee Richards, daughter of
an actor ; made her professional debut, as a
cliild, at Dublin. After country experience,
.'^lie appeared at Covent Garden In November,
1789, as Maria in ' The Citizen.* In 1790 she
was employed at Hull by Tate Wilkinson,
and in 1791 married John Edwin, jun. (q.v.),
M-ith whom she appeared at the Haymarket
in the following year. In 1809 she was seen
at the Lyceum as the Widoiv Cheerly in ' The
Soldier's Daughter,' and in 1810 she was the
original representative of Lady Traffic in
'Riches' (g.v.). Under Elliston's manage-
ment she figured in 1818 at the Olympic and
in 1819 at "Drury Lane. After a period of
retirement, during which she sustained a
severe pecuniary loss, she returned to the
.stage in 1821, playing at Drury Lane the
Duenna in Sheridan's operetta so named.
"She candidly acknowledged that she was
too old for the parts which she usually
acted." She was at all times popular in
the country, and especially at Bath. "No
actress in or out of London was so able to
sustain Mrs. Jordan's characters." See
Wilkinson's ' Wandering Patentee,' Genest's
' English Stage,' and Mrs. Baron Wilson's
' Our Actresses.'
Edwin, John. Actor, born in London,
1749, died 1790 ; after some practice as an
amateur, appeared at the Haymarket in
1764 as Quidnunc in ' The Upholsterer.' In
1765-6 he was engaged at Dublin. From
1768 to 1779 he was employed mainly at
Bath, making, however, occasional ap-
pearances in London. Thus, in 1776 he was
seen at the Havmarket as Flaiu in ' The
Cozeners' and Billy Button in ' The Maid of
Bath.' At the same theatre in 1777 he
played Old Hardcastle, Lancelot Gobbo, and
Quince and Autolycus in adaptations from
Shakespeare ; in 1778 he appeared as Midas,
and in 1779 as Scrub and as Bobin in ' The
Waterman.' From this date till his death
he divided his time and services between
EDWIN
448
EGERTON
Drary Lane and the Haymarket. During
this period his more notable parts included
Touchstone, Sir Hugh Hvans, Polonius,
Cloten, Sir Andrew Aguecheek, Autolycus,
Speed, Dromio of Syracuse, Sir Amorous
La Foole, Master Stephen, Old Mirabel, Maw-
worm, Ben ('Love for Love'), Lucy Loctit,
Croaker, and Chrononhotonthologos. Among
the characters of v\hich he was the tirst
representative were Lazarillo in ' The
Spanish Barber' (1777), Tipi^le in 'The
Flitch of Bacon ' (177S), Punch in ' The Mir-
ror' (1779), Jeremy in ' Barnaby Brittle'
(17S1), Lingo in 'The Agreeable Surprise'
(17S1), Timid in ' Duplicity ' (17bl), PedriUo
in 'The Castle of Andalusia' (1782), Don
Vincentio in ' A Bold Stroke for a Husband '
(1783), Clod in ' The Young Quaker ' (1783),
Trudgein ' Inkle of Yarico' (1787), LaFleur
in 'Animal Magnetism' (1788), Ennui in
' The Dramatist ' (1789), and Gregory Gubbins
in ' The Battle of Hexham' (1789). "Edwin,"
wrote the author of ' The Prompter,' is one
of those extraordinary productions that
would do immortal honour to the sock, if
his extravasations of whim could be kept
within bounds, and if the comicality of his
vein could be restrained by good taste."
" Tiiis singular being," wrote'Boaden, " was
the absolute victim of sottish intemperance. "
See 'Williams's ' Eccentricities of Edwm,'
O'Keefe's 'Recollections,' Reynolds' 'Life
and Times' [in which Edwin's habit of
" gagging " is described], Bernard's ' Retro-
spections,' Genest's ' English Stage,' ' Dic-
tionary of National Biography,' etc.
Edwin, John [the younger]. Actor ;
son of John Edwin (q.v.), born 1760, died
1805 ; appeared at the Haymarket when
eight years old ; was seen at "Covent Garden
in 1788 as Lick in ' The Apprentice,' and at
the Haymarket in 1792 as Blister in 'The
Virgin Unmasked.' He was engaged by
Lord Barrymore to conduct the private
tlieatrical entertainments at Wargrave. See
Wilkinson's 'Wandering Patentee,' 'The
Thespian Dictionary,' and Genesfs ' English
Stage.' See, also, Edwin, Elizabeth
Rebecca.
Elwin, Lina. Actress ; wife of Bland
Holt ; leased Waverley Theatre, New York,
and opened it as Lina Edwin's Theatre in
September, 1870. Among her most popular
pares were Susan in ' Black- Eyed Suzing'
and Jack in ' Jack Sheppard.' She died in
Australia, June, 1883.
Edwin Drood. See Mystery of Ed-
win Dkuod.
Edwin the Pair. A poetical drama
by Sir Henry Taylor, published in 1842.
Edwina, in Cumberland's 'Battle of
Hastings,' is in love with Edgar.
Edwy and Elg-iva. A tragedv by
I^Idme. D'Arblay(3.i\), performed at Drury
I^ane on March 21, 1795, with J. J». Keuible
as Edwy, Mrs. SicWons as Elgiva, Bensley
as Lunstan, and other roles by Aikin,
Palmer, C. Kemble, and Mrs. Powell. Doran
says that " when the king cried. 'Bring in
the bishop,' the audience, thinking of the
pleasant mixture so called, broke into
laughter."
Effie Deans, the Lily of St. Leo-
nard's. A drama by Shepherd, founded
on Scott's ' Heart of Midlothian ' (q.v.), and
performed at the Surrey Theatre, London,
February 7, 1S63, with :\Irs. Emma Rob-
herds as Effie, Mrs. Eburne as Jeanie, Mrs.
Pauncefort as Madge Wildfire, and W.
Gourlay as Dumbiedykes. (2) ' Effie and
Jeanie Deans ; or, The Sisters of St. Leo-
nard:' a drama by George H.\milton,
also founded on Scott's story, and hrst per-
formed at the Albion Theatre, London, on
October 29, 1877 ; revived at the Maryle-
bone Theatre on August 4, 1S79. See Heart
OF Midlothian ; Scotch Sisters ; Trial
OF Effie Deans.
Eg-an, E. B. Actor, born 1818, died
1877 ; was, for sixteen years, manager of
the old Queen's Theatre, Manchester.— Mrs.
F. B. Egan, actress, made her metropohtan
debut in 1871 as Madame Deschapelles in
' The Lady of Lyons.'
Egran, Pierce. See Life in London
and Tom and Jerry.
Eg-an, Rose. Actress ; daughter of
F. B. Egan {q.v.) ; made her debut in London
in May, 1S73, at the Court Theatre, where
she was the tirst representative of Florence
in 'About Town' {q.v.). At the same the-
atre, betn-een 1873 and 1«75, she was the
original performer of Mrs. Carter in ' Brigh-
ton,' Mrs. Bunthunder in 'The Wedding
March,' and Lady Isabelle in 'The White
PUgrim.' At the Criterion, in 1879, she
was the first Mrs. Cornpton in 'Truth'
{q.v.). In 1873, at the Queen's, she played
Prince Henry in ' King John,' and in 1877
was seen at the Aquarium (Imperial) as
Lamorce in 'The Inconstant' and Mrs.
Singleto)i Bliss in ' Cyril's Success.'
Eg-erton. Son of Sir Pertinax Mac-
Sycophant in Macklin'S ' The Man of the
World' {q.v.).
Eg-erton, DanieL Actor and the-
atrical manager, born in London, 1772, died
1835 ; was, according to one authority,
trained for the law, and according to
another " in business," before he took to the
boards. He is said to have made his debut
at the Royalty. He is known to have spent
the earlier years of his career in the pro-
vinces—at Birmingham (1799), Edinburgh,
Newcastle (1801), and Bath (1803), M-here
he held a high position. In July, 1S07, he
was seen at the Haymarket as the Duke
Aranza. In October, 1S09, he began at
Covent Garden an engagement which lasted
for many years. He opened as Lord Avon-
dale in 'The School of Reform,' and there-
after "uninterruptedly retained the posses-
sion of such characters as Tullus Aufidius,
King Henry VIII., and the sentimental
fathers in comedy." It was written of him '
(Oxberry's ' Dramatic Biogi-aphy ') that
" with judgment, figure and voice, he
seemed suodued by a careless ennui, and
I
EGERTON
EILEEN OGE
scarcely ever did more than deliver the text
of his author." He was manager of Sadler's
AVells from 1821 to 1S24, of the Olympic in
1828, and of the Victoria (with William
' Abbott) in 1S33-4. See ' Thespian Diction-
ary ' (1805), Genest's ' English Stage,' etc.
,See, also, EgehtOx\, Sarah.
Eg-erton, Sarah. Actress, n4e Fisher ;
born 1782, died 1847 ; made her first appear-
■ ance in December, 1803, at Bath, where
she remained till March, 1809. Latterly
she played "lead," and was very popular.
In the same company was Daniel Egerton
(q.v.), whom she married. In 1810 she acted
at Birmingham, her London dtibut being
made at Oovent Garden in P'ebruary, 1811,
in the role of Juliet. At this theatre her
.greatest successes were made in melo-
, drama — e.g. as liavina in Pocock's ' Miller
and his Men ' (1813), Mej Merrilies in Terry's
' Guy Mannering ' (1816), and Helen in
Pocock's 'Rob Roy '(1818), of all of which
she was the first performer. In 1819, at
the Surrey, she was the original repre-
sentative of Madge Wildfire in T. Dibdin's
'Heart of Midlothian.' After that came
;an engagement at Drury Lane (1819-20),
;during which she figured as the Queen in
,■• Hamlet ' and as Volumnia. From 1821
lonwards she appeared mainly under her
ihusband's management at Sadler's Wells
1( where she was Juan of Arc in Fitzball's
iplay), the Olympic, and the Victoria. After
Ms death she retired on a pension from tlie
iCovent Garden Fund. " Mrs. Egerton,"
wrote a contemporary, " is an actress of
.^ome genius. She has made two or three
Aaracters exclusively her own. . . . She
is the very first melodramatic actress, and
ihe is a general second-rate actress" (Ox-
berry's ' Dramatic Biography '). The same
luthority commends her Rnmliml and her
Hermione in ' The Distressed Motlier.' See
jenest's ' English Stage ' and Mrs. Baron
jtVilson's ' Our Actresses.'
I Egeus. Father of Hcrmia in 'A Mid-
iummer Night's Dream ' {q.v.).
Eg-la. A Moor in Beaumont and Flet-
:her's 'Spanish Curate' {q.v.).
Eg-lamour. (1) A character in 'The
Two Gentlemen of Verona' {q.v.). (2) The
jiueen in Parker's ' Love in a Mist' {q.v.).
Eglantine. The name of characters in
')iBDL\'s 'Valentine and Orson' {q.v.), and
dALTBY and :Mansell'S 'La Belle Nor-
Qande' {q.v.).
" Eg-o et Rex Meus." See Baker.
Eg-otist (The). A comedy in three
cts, by Herbert J. Leigh Bennett,
lotel Metropole, Brighton, February 20,
895.
Egyptian (The). (1) A play in five
cts, by J. H. AViLKiNS, being a revised
ersion of the author's ' Zenobia ' {q.v.), and
rst performed at the City of London The-
tre, April 18, 1853, with Charles Pitt in the
itle part {Zahdas), supported by H. Rignold,
r. T. Hicks, W. Searle, W. Ti-avers, Mrs.
Hugh Campbell {Zenobia, Queen of Palmyra).
Mrs. B. Barnett, and others. (2) An adap-
tation of Hugo's ' Hunchback of Notre
Dame,' first performed at the Opera House,
Chicago, on February 15, 1892.
Egyptian Idol (The). A plav in four
acts, by Richard Saunders and Maurice
E. Bandmann, Theatre Royal, Sunderland,
December 16, 1895, with Miss Claire Ivauova
as Madame Laroche.
Ehre (Die). A drama in four acts, by
Hermann Sudermann, performed by the
Ducal Court Company of Saxe-Coburg at
Drury Lane on June IS, 1895. An English
adaptation of tliis piece was produced at
the standard Theatre, New York, in
November, 1895, with Frederick de Belleville
as Count Trust and Miss Fanny Rouse aa
Mrs. Uartmann.
Eider-down Quilt (The). A farcical
comedy in three acts, by ToM S. Wotton,
first performed at Terry's Theatre, London,
December 21, 1896, with INIiss Fanny Brough
as Patricia, H. de Lange, A. Playfair, etc.
Eight Hours at the Seaside. (1)
A farce in one act, by J. Maddison Morton.
(2) A farce by W. Kingston Sawyer {q.v.^,
first performed at Brighton in 1853.
Eight Pounds Reward. A farce by
John Oxenford {q.v.), adapted from the
French, and produted at the Olympic The-
atre, London, in 1855.
1863 ; or, The Sensations of the
Past Season. A "comical congloniera-
tive absurdity " by H. J. Byron, first per-
formed at the St. James's Theatre, London,
with Miss Fanny Josephs as an Author and
Robert Audley, and J. L. Toole as Mr.
Broivn, a French Gentleman from the Ly-
ceum, a Misanthropic Gentleman from Drury
Lane, and Lady Audley.
1870; or, The Battle of Life. (1)
A drama produced at the Queen's Theatre,
Dublin, October 31, 1870. (2) A play in one
act, by Birch Vye, Theatre Royal, West
Hartlepool, August 22, 1896.
1871. A play adapted by Charles H.
Palmer from the French of Alphonse
Daudet, and first performed at the Girard
Avenue Theatre, Philadelphia, Pa., June 2,
1896.
1874; or, High and Low, Rich
and Poor. A drama by John Elphin-
stone. Theatre Royal, Hanlev, August 17,
1874.
Eighteen Years in an Hour. An
operetta, libretto by G. M. Layton, music
by Lecocq, produced at the Park Theatre,
London, February 15, 1895.
Eileen Oge ; or, Dark's the Hour
before Dawn. A drama in four acts, by
Edmund Falconer {q.v.), first performed
at the Princess's Theatre, London, on June
29, 1871, with Miss Rose Leclercq as Eileen,
Miss Hudspeth as Bridget Maguire, J. G.
Shore as Patrick O'Lonnell, G. Jordan aa
2 G
EILY
450
ELDRED
t
Henry Loftus, J. Maclean as CUford, and
the author as Bryan 0' Farrell. This piece
ran for a hundred and eighteen nights.
Eily. An Irish drama by F. Marsden,
first performed at the Opera House, New
York, in October, 18S5, with Miss Annie
Pixley in the title part.
Eily O'Connor. (1) A play by T. E.
WiLKS (q.v.), adapted from Griffin's ' Colle-
gians,' and first performed at the Milton
Street Theatre, London, July 23, 1831, with
Mrs. Chapman as Eily, Miss Forde as Ann
Chute, James Vining as Hardress Cregan,
John Kemble Chapman as Danny Mann,
J. B. Buckstone as Lowry Lobby, and Miss
Ellen Tree (Mrs. C. Kean) as the Widow
Grecian. (2) A play by J. T. Haines {q.v.),
in two acts, presented at the Milton Street
Theatre on October 29, 1832, with Miss Mary
Glover as Eily, Miss Pearce as Ann Chute,
E. W. Elton as Hardress Cregan, Sam Chap-
man as Loivry Lobby (Myles), and William
Chapman as Danni/ Mann. See Colleen
Baw.n and Miss Eily O'Connor.
El Capitan. See Capitan, El.
El Flambo. A pantomime by Frede-
rick IMarchant, Britannia Theatre, Lon-
don, December 27, 1S75.
El Kyder : the Chief of the Ghaut
Mountains. An " Eastern melodramatic
spectacle" in two acts, by William Barry-
more, first performed at the Coburg The-
atre, London, November 9, 181S, with
Huntley in the title role, Mrs. W. Barry-
more as Harry Clifton, etc.
Elaine. (1) A play founded by G. P.
Lathrop and H. Edwards upon Tennyson's
' Idylls of the King,' and first performed at
the Madison Square Theatre, New York, on
December 6, 1SS7, with H. M. Pitt as King
Arthur, H. Edwards as Lord o/Astolat, Alex.
Salvini as Lancelot, C. P. Flockton as the
dumb servant. Miss Marie Burroughs as
Guinevere, and Miss Annie Russell as Elaine.
Lancelot goes to the tourney at Camelot ;
wounded, he is received at Astolat ; Elaine
loves him, is deserted, and dies, her funeral
barge floating down to Arthur' s conxt. (2)
An opera in four acts, libretto (founded on
Tennyson) by Paul Ferrier, and music
by Ml Bemberg, produced at Covent Garden
in July, 1892. (3) A play in one act, by
RoYSTON Keith, Kilburn Town Hall, June
26, 1S90.
Elaria. Daughter of Baliardo in Mrs.
Behn's ' Emperor of the Moon' (q.v.).
Elbow. A constable in ' Measure for
Measure' (q.v.).
Elder Brother (The). A comedy by
John Fletcher (probably revised and in
part rewritten by Massinger), acted at the
Black Friars, and first printed in 1637 ; re-
vived in 1661 ; performed at Miss Kelly's
theatre in Dean Street, Soho, in 1845, by
an amateur company headed by Charles
Dickens ; revived at Drury Lane in 1S50,
under the auspices of J. R. Anderson, and
at the City of London Theatre in 1852. The '
Elder Brother is Charles Brisac, a scholar ; :
the younger, Eustace, a courtier. Lewis •
desires that one or the other shall marry '
his daughter Angelina. Charles, at first, .
is disinclined for wedlock, but, on seeing
Angelina, falls in love with her, and carries
her off to his uncle Miramont's. In the
end, Charles and Angelina are wedded. See '
Love makes a Man.
Elder Miss Blossom (The). A
comedy in three acts, by Ernest Hendrie
and Metcalfe Wood, first performed at
the Grand Theatre, Blackpool, Lancashire,
September 10, 1897, with Mrs. Kendal in i
the title part (Dorothy), Miss N. Campbell;
as Sophia, W. H. Kendal as Andreiv Quidk, ;
F. Fenton as Major Ttventymaii, and Rudge ,
Harding as Arthur Leacroft ; produced at
the St. James's Theatre, London, September ■
22, 1898, with the above in their original !
parts, and Charles Groves as Christopher '
Blossom ; first performed in America, Chest- '
nut Street Opera House, Philadelphia, Octo- ;
her 9, 1899 ; first performed in New York at !
the Knickerbocker Theatre, November 20, .
1899. j
Elderberry. A retired manufacturer)
in Peake's ' Amateurs and Actors' (q.v.). i
Elders (The). A farce by Henry
Man, performed at Covent Garden in April,
1780.
Eldorado. A "folie musicale " in five
scenes, adapted by H. B. Farme from 'La
Cagnotte,' and first performed at the Strand '
Theatre, London, on February 19, 1874, with
Edward Terry as the Maire of Fouilly-les- -
Oies, :Miss Nelly Bromley as his daughter '
Verdurette, and other parts by C. D. Marias, ;
Harry Cox, E. J. Odell, Miss Maiia Jones, '
Miss Topsy Venn, Miss Sallie Turner, and
Miss Angelina Claude.
Eldred. A tragedy by John Jackson
(q.v.), first performed at the Theatre Royal,
Edinburgh, on February 19, 1774.
Eldred; or, The British Free-
holder. A tragedy by John Jackson
(q.v.), first performed at the Haymarket on '
July 7, 1775, with the author in the title
part. The scene is laid in Cambria, in the
time of Hengist and Vortimer. In this
play we have " the simple circumstance of
a British freeholder triumphantly resisting
the usurpation of a tyrant lord."
Eldred, Joseph. Actor, born 1843,
died 1884 ; after experience at Dublin,
Liverpool, and Birmingham, made his Lon-
don debut at the Olympic Theatre on June
15, 1868, as Major Ilegulus Rattan in 'Ici
on parle Franyais.' In 1868-9 he was en-
gaged at the Gaiety, where he was the first :
representative of Gobetto in Gilbert's 'Robert
the Devil,' of Old Gray in Robertson's ,
'Dreams' (in London), of Alonzo Pinzon in
Alfred Thompson's ' Columbus ' (q.v.), and
of the Jew bill-discounter in Gilbert's 'Old
Score' (q.v.) Later in the year he went ■
to the Olympic, where he was the original
H ■
^
i
V-
y^
ELDRIDGE
ELFINELLA
interpreter of Micawher in Halliday's ' Little
Em'ly '((/.r.), and where, in 1875, he played
I Melter Moss in a revival of ' The Ticket-of-
Leave Man.' In the provinces he made
special successes in ' Xemesis ' and 'The
Princess of Trebizonde.' Eldred was co-
author (with Harry Paulton) of 'The Gay
Musketeers ' (1870) and (with H. P. Grat-
tan) of ' Echoes of the Night ' (1884). In
HoUingshead's ' Gaiety Chronicles ' (1898) he
; is described as "a clever character actor."
See, also, T. E. Pemberton's ' Birmingham
Theatres ' (1889).
Eldridg-e, Mrs. Louisa [nt^e Har-
■wood]. Actress, born in Philadelphia ;
•made her first appearance, when fifteen,
lat the old Chestnut Street Theatre in that
icity ; joined, in succession, the companies
lOf Peel's Museum and Barnum's Museum
.(as singing soubrette and boy) ; married
\V. Eldridge, merchant, and retired for five
years, returning to the stage (Barnum's,
,New York) in 1858; in 1S60-62 was en-
gaged at the New Bowery, going thence to
Cincinnati and Washington. Among her
chief roles were Madame Prudence, Aunt
Delia in ' May Blossom,' and Aunt Eliza in
J. W. Keller's ' Tangled Lives.'
Eleanor of Aquitaine, Queen of
England. See Henry II.
, Eleanor's Victory. A drama by
John Oxenford, founded on Miss Brad-
[ion's novel of that name, and first per-
formed at the St. James's Theatre, London,
)n May 29, 1865, with Miss Herbert as
Meanor Vane, Mrs. Frank Matthews as
tfr«. Lennard, 11. J. Montagu as Lancelot
parrell, Frank Matthews as Major Lennard,
V. Johnstone as Vandeleur Vane, and other
parts by A. Stirling, Gasttm Murray,
pederic Robinson, and Miss "Weber.
! Eieazar, the Moor in Marlowe's
Lust's Dominion' (q.v.), is " such another
haracter as Aaron in 'Titus Andronicus'"
Hazlitt).
Election (The). (1) A comedy in
hree acts, printed in 1749. (2) A musical
nterlude by M. P. Andrews (q.v.), pro-
uced at Drury Lane in 1774, with Ban-
ister as John, Mrs. Love as his wife, and
Irs. Wrighten as Sally, his daughter. In
his piece, one Trusty and a certain Sir
\ourtly are candidates for a seat in Parlia-
:ient. (3) An entertainment in two act'<,
y RiCii.\RD Cu.MBERLANU, performed pri-
ately in 1778. (4) A comedy by Joanna
[iAlLLTE, printed in 1S02. Tliis, in 1817, was
brned into a three-act opera, with lyrics by
. J. Arnold, music by C. E. Horn, and was
Performed at the Lyceum Theatre in June
f that year, with H. Johnston a,s Baltimore,
artley as Freeman, and other parts by
iorn, Chatterley, Miss Kelly, etc. The
lection is for the borough of Westown ;
id Baltimore and Freeman, who are neigh-
3urs and hate each other, are the candi-
ites. It turns out that they are sons of
le same father, and they are thereupon
•conciled.
Electra. (1) A tragedy by Sophocles,
translated into English by L. Theobald
(1714), George Adams (1729), T. Franklin
(1759), R. Potter (17SS), and R. C. Jebb
(1894). See Sophocles. (2) A tragedy
translated by Dr. T. Franklin from the
' Urestes ' of Voltaire (1761). (3) A tragedy
by W. Shirley, adapted from Sophocles,
and printed in 1765. It had been accepted
for Covent Garden in 1762-3, but was re-
fused a licence. (4) A play from the
'Orestes' of Voltaire, performed at Drury
Lane in October, 1774, with Smith as Ores-
tes, Palmer as ^Eyisthus, Mrs. Hopkins
as Clytemnestra, Mrs. Baddeley as Iphisa,
and iNIrs. Yates as Electra. (5) A tragedy
translated from Euripides bv Michael
Woodhull (1782) and R. Potter (1783). (6)
A burlesque, ' Electra in a New Electric
Light,' by Francis Talfourd, first per-
formed at the Hay market Theatre, London,
on April 28, 1359, with J. Clarke as Lycus,
11. Compton as ^Eyisthus, Mrs. Wilkins as
Clytemnestra. Miss M. Ternan as Orestes,
Miss L. Leclercq as Chrysothemis, Miss F.
Wright as Pylades, and Miss Eliza Weekes-
as Electra.
Electric Spark (The). An " operatic
absurdity " by C. F. Pidgin and C. D.
Blake, first performed in America, and
produced at the Prince's Theatre, Man-
chester, May 28, 1883.
Elephant (Der), See Scorpion, The.
Elera. Maid to Zahina in ^L\RLOWE's
'Tamburlaiiie the Great' (First Part).
Eleventh Commandment (The).
A play in four acts, by Robert Castleton,
Theatre Royal, Margate, December 4, 1899.
Eleventh Hour (The). A drama by
RonaldMacdonald and H. A. Saintsbury,
Prince of Wales's Theatre, Birmingham,
September 14, 1896.
Eleventh of June (The). See Syl-
vester Daggerwood.
Elfie ; or, The Cherry Tree Inn.
A drama in three acts, by Dion Boccicault,
first performed at the Theatre Roval, Glas-
gow, on :\Iarch 10, 1871; produced at the
Gaiety Theatre, London, on December 4,
1871, with Mrs. Boucicault as Elfie, Miss
Behrend as Rose Aircastle, H. Neville as
Bob Evans, Atkins as Sadlove (a waxwork
showman). W. Rignold as Joe Chirrup, etc.
Bob, who loves Rose and is beloved by Elne,
is accused of robbing the inn ; but the crime
has really been committed by his rival,
Deepear, disguised in a waxwork mask which
has been made by Sadlove in the likeness of
Bob's face.
Elfin Tree CThe). An operetta, libretto
by Alfred E. T. Watson ("Peyton
Wrey "), music by Louis Diehl. produced at
Alexandra Palace, London, on May 12, 1875.
Elfinella ; or, Home from Fairy-
land. A play in four acts, by Ross Neil
(q.v.). first performed at the Princess's The-
atre, Edinburgh, on October 15, 1875, with
ELFRID
452
ELIZABETH
Mi>s Heath in the title part and Wilson
Barrett as Waklmar ; produced (with music
by Alfred Cellier) at the Princess's Theatre,
London, on June 6, 137S, with Miss Heath
as before, r^Iiss D. Drummond as Lisa, Miss
M. Milton as the Fainj Queen, Miss C Coote
as Gretchen, Charles Warner as Waldmar,
H. Russell as Franz, and W. Rignold as
Hans. " A graceful and poetic work, but
deficient in dramatic purport and interest "
(Dutton Cook).
Elfrid ; or, The Fair Inconstant.
Atrairedv by AARON HiLL (q.v.), first per-
formed at Drury Lane in January, 1710, with
Mrs. Bradshaw as the heroine, Booth as
Athehvold, Powell as Kinj Edgar, Mrs.
Knight as Ordelia, etc. Elfrid, wife of
Athehvold, is false to him with the King,
and is killed by him. This play was after-
wards rewritten and reproduced as ' Athel-
wold ' (q.v.). (2) ' Elfrid : ' a tragedy by JOHN
Jackson (q.v.), acted at the Haymarket in
1775. See Elfrida.
Elfrida. A dramatic poem by William
Mason, published in 1752 ; adapted to the
stage, and performed, with music by Dr.
Arne, at Covent Garden Theatre, on No-
vember 21, 1772, with Mrs. Hartley as the
heroine, Mrs. Mattocks as Albina, Smith as
Athelu'old, Bensley as Kiiig Edgar, Clarke
as Orgar, and a chorus of British virgins,
in which Miss Catley was the principal per-
former. "It is wretchedly acted," wrote
Walpole to the author in the following Feb-
ruary, "and worse set to music. Orgar
(Clarke) had a broad Irish accent Edgar
(Bensley) stared at his own crown, and
seemed' to fear it would tumble off. . . .
Smith did not play Athelwold ill. Mrs.
Hartley is made for the part {Elfrida), if
beauty and figure would suffice for what you
■write ; but she has no one symptom of
genius. Still, it is very affecting, and does
admirably for the stage, under all these
disadvantages." ' Elfrida,' arranged for the
stage by Mason himself, and fitted with
music by Giardini, Avas acted at Covent
Garden in February, 1779, with :Mrs. Hartley,
Mrs. Mattocks, and CLirke as liefore, Lewis
as Athehvold, and Aikin as Edgar. In this
plav, as in 'Elfrid' (g.r.), Edgar falls in
love with Elfrida, but Mason gives a dif-
ferent turn to the relations between Edgar
and Athelwold.
Elg-itlia. A character in J. S-Knowles'S
' Brian Boroihme ' ifl-v.).
Elidure. Son of Eldred in Jackson's
play so named {q.v.).
Elig-ible Bachelor (An). A come-
dietta in one act, produced at the Strand
Theatre, London, December 9, 1871.
Elig-ible Villa (An). An operetta,
music by M. Gastenel, Gaiety Theatre, Lon-
don, April 19, 1869.
Elinor. The Queen in Shakespeare's
'King John' (?.r.).
Eliot. A conspirator in Ot way's ' Venice
Preserved' (q.v.).
Elisina. A melodrama adapted by
Charles Moritz Klanert from the
French, performed at Richmond, Surrey,
and printed in 1S24.
Elisir d'Amore (L'). See Adl\a,
Dulcamara, Elixir of Love, and Love
Spell.
Elixir of Life (The). A drama in
three acts, by George Conquest, produced
at the Grecian Theatre, London, on Sep-
tember 29, 1S73.
Elixir of Love (The). An opera in
two acts, music by Donizetti, libretto by
T. H. Reyxoldson (q.v.), produced at the >
Surrey Tneatre in 1839, with Templeton as I
Xemorino, Reynoldson as Serjeant Belcore, ;
Balfe as Dulcamara, Miss Romer as Adina; >
brought out at the Princess's Theatre in '
1S44, with Allen as jS^emorino, Paul Bedford .
as Dulcamara, and Miss Austin as Adina.
See Dulcamara.
Elixir of Youth (The). A farcical
comedy in three acts, founded by George ■
R. Sims and Leonard Merrick on the
' Bockspruenge' of Hirschberger and Kraatz,
and first performed at the Vaudeville The.
atre, London, September 9, 1S99, with a cast
including G. Giddens, Miss Ellis Jeffreys, ■
Miss J. Xesville, Miss F. Wood, and Miss
M. Legarde.
Eliza. An "entertainment "by Richard
ROLT, set to music by Dr. Arne, and per-
formed at Drury Lane in 1757.
Elizabeth. Queen to Edward IV. in
Shakespeare's ' Richard III.' (q.v.).
Elizabeth, The Princess (afterwards
Queen of England), figures in the old play ■
called ' Courtenay Earl of Devonshire ; or,
The Troubles of the Princess Elizabeth,' and
also in TOM TAYLOR'S ' 'Twixt Axe and
Crown' (q.v.). See Elizabeth (Queen of
England).
Elizabeth, Q,ueen of England, .
fiauves in ' Albion Queens,' in Jo.NES'S i
' Earl of Essex' (g-.v.) in Hood and German's •.
'Merrie England' (q.v.), and in all ver- :
sionsof Scott's ' Kenilworth' (q.v.), besides i
being the Cynthia of Lyly's 'Endymion*/
(q.v.). She is also the leading personage in ;
' Elizabeth, Queen of England,' a tragic play
in five acts, translated from the Italian of i
Giacometti, and produced at the Amphithe- .
atre, Liverpool, June 14, 1SG9 ; brought out at ■•
the Lyceum Theatre, London, December 18, ■
1S69, with Mrs. F. W. Lander (Miss Daven- ■
port) as the Queen, Miss K. Harfieur a.s Lady
Sarah Hoivard, Allerton as Essex, C. Har-
court as King James of Scotland, and C. F.
Coghlan as Francis Bacon. The same play, ;
translated by Thomas Williams, was per-
formed at Drury Lane on July 14. 1SS2, with
]Mdme. Ristori in the title part. Miss Sophie '
Eyre as Ladu Sarah, J. H. Barnes as Essex,
A. Dacre as Bacon, A. Matthison as Burleigh,
T. F. Nye as Drake, and H. Xicholls as
Davison. See England's Elizabeth.
E-LIZ-ABETH
ELLIOTT
E-liz-alDeth; or, Th.e Don, the
Duck, the Drake, and the Invisible
Armada. A " profoundly historical " bur-
lesque by F. C. BURNAND {q.v.), tirst per-
formed at the Vaudeville Theatre, London,
November 17, 1870, with T. Thorne as
Queen Elizabeth, G. Honey as Drake, W. H.
Stephens as Sir Christopher JIatton, David
James as Don Ferolo Whiskerandos, Miss A.
Newton as Raleigh, and Miss Hetty Tracy
as Tilburina.
Elizabethan Stage Society (The)
had its origin in the Shakespeare Read-
ing Society founded by AVilliam Poel in
London in 1875 for the recitation of plays
by Shakespeare. This Society decided in
1887 to give a reading in public, choosing
for the purpose ' The Merchant of Venice,'
which was recited, in modern dress and
with a background of draped curtains only,
in the Botanical Theatre of University
College. Other such readings, at different
places, followed, till, in 1891, ' Measure for
Measure' was rendered, without scenery
but in Elizabethan costume, at the Lad-
broke Hall, Notting Hill. In 1892 and
1893 respectively, the Society interpreted
' The Two Gentlemen of Verona ' and ' Love's
Labour's Lost' in similar fashion. In the
autumn of the last-named year, the Society
converted the interior of the Royalty into
"as near a resemblance of the old Fortune
playhouse a« a roofed theatre would admit
of," and therein gave a representation of
'Measure fur INIeasure,' "the audience im-
mediately adjoining the stage wearing
Elizabethan costumes." This was so suc-
cessful that it suggested the idea of a
Society for promoting similar performances
— an association on which the name of ' The
Elizabethan Stage Society' was bestowed.
Under the auspices of this body, and under
the direction of William Poel, the following
plays have been performed under Elizabe-
than conditions (so far as they are known) :
'The Comedy of Errors,' Gray's Inn Hall,
1895 ; Marlowe's ' Doctor Faustus ' (pro-
logue by A. C. Swinburne), St. George's
Hall, 1896 ; ' The Two Gentlemen of Verona,'
Merchant Taylors' Hall and Charterhouse,
1896; 'Twelfth Night,' Middle Temple,
1897 ; scenes from ' Arden of Feversham '
and ' Edward III.,' St. George's Hall, 1897 ;
'The Tempest,' Mansion House and Gold-
smiths' Hall, 1897 ; ' The Coxcomb,' Inner
Temple, 1898 ; Middleton and Rowley's
' Spanish Gipsy ' (prologue by A. C. Swin-
burne), 189S; 'The Broken Heart,' St.
Gef>rge's Hall, 1898 ; ' The Sad Shepherd,'
Fulham Palace, 1898 ; ' The Merchant of
Venice,' St. George's Hall, 1898; 'The
Alchemist' (Ben Jonson), Apothecaries'
Hall, 1899; 'Locrine' (A. C. Swinburne),
St. George's Hall, 1899 ; Calderon's ' Life's a
Dream,' St. George's Hall, 1899 : Kdlid^sa's
' Sakuntala,' Botanical Gardens, 1899 ;
•Richard II.,' London University, 1900;
Moli^re's ' Don Juan ' (translated), Lincoln's
Inn Hall, 1900; 'Hamlet' (first quarto),
Carpenters' Hall, 1900 ; ' Samson Agonistes,'
South Kensington Jiluseum, 1900 ; Schiller's
' Wallenstein' (Coleridge's version), London
University, 1900 ; ' Everyman,' Charterhouse,
London, 1901 ; ' The Alchemist,' Imperial
Theatre, London, 1902; 'Edward II.,' New
Theatre, Oxford, 1903 ; ' Much Ado About
Nothing,' Court Theatre, London, 1904.
Ella. See ^lla.
Ella Rosenberg-. A melodrama in two
acts, by James Kenney, first performed at
Drury Lane on November 19, 1807.
Ellen ; or, Love's Cunning-. A
comedy in five acts, by W. G. Wills (g.v.),
first performed at the Haymarket Theatre,
London, on April 14, 1879, with Miss Florence
Terry in the title part. Miss B. Henri as Lady
Breezy, W. Terriss as Walter JVorfA, Charles
Kelly as Tom Pye, and other r6les by H.
Howe, Norman Forbes, G. W. Anson, and
Miss Emily Thorne. Proving unsuccessful,
the play was revised and reproduced at the
same theatre, June 12, 1879, under the title
of ' Brag,' with C. Kelly as before, W. Terriss
as Hugh Memjman, Miss Henri as Mrs.
Merry7nan,SLnd other parts by G. W. Anson,
H. Howe, N. Forbes, Miss Ewell, Miss J.
Roselle, and INIiss Emily Fowler.
Ellen Wareham. The title and
heroine of several plays founded on one of
the tales in Lady Dacre's ' Recollections
of a Chaperon ' (1833) :— (1) By J. B. BucK-
STO.NE (q.v.), first performed at the Hay-
market Theatre, April 24, 1833, with Mrs.
Yates as Ellen, and other parts by Mrs.
Humby, Mrs. Honey, Mis. Glover, Dowton,
Vining, Elton, and the adapter. (2) By
W. E. BuRTO.N, produced at the Surrey
Theatre in May, 1833, with Mrs. W. West as
the heroine, and other parts by Miss Vincent,
Dibdin Pitt, Vale, etc.
Elliott, Gertrude. Actress ; maxie
her London debut in 'The Cowboy and the
Lady ' (June, 1899). She was afterwards the
first Princess Alestine in ' A Royal Family '
iq. u. )and the first Lucy in ' Lady Huntworth's
Experiment' {q.v.). In 1900 she imperso-
nated, in the English provinces, Desdemona,
Ophelia, the heroine of ' The Devil's Dis-
ciple' (q.v.), and the boy in 'Carrots.' She
was the heroine of 'Mice and Men '(1901),
'The Light that Failed' (1903), and 'The
Edge of the Storm ' (1904).
Elliott, Maxine. Actress, born in
Rockland, Maine; made her ddbut in America
in 1891 as a member of E. S. Willard's tour-
ing company. Her first original part was
that of Lady Gilding in 'The Professor's
Love-Story.' In 1895 she came to England
with Augustin Daly's troupe, appearing in
London as Sylvia in ' The Two Gentlemen
of Verona ' and Hermia in ' A Midsummer
Night's Dream.' In 1899 she returned to
London, and undertook, at the Duke of
York's Theatre, the chief female role in
' The Cowboy and the Lady ' and in ' An
American Citizen,' in both of which she had
Ereviously figured in the States. She has
een seen in America as Grace in ' London
Assurance, 'Do7-a in ' Diplomacy,' Sophie Jopp
ELLIOTT
454
ELLISTOX
in 'Judah,' Beatrice Sehryn in 'A Fool's
Paradise,' Mrs. Allenhy in ' A Woman of Xo
Importance,' and characters in ' A Gilded
Fool,' ' In Mizzoura,' ' Xathan Hale,' etc.
Elliott, "W. Gr. Actor ; after expe-
rience with the A.D.C., Cambridge, began
his professional career at the Haymarket
Theatre in 1882, as Limpet in a revival of
'The Overland Route ' {q.v.). At this the-
atre he was the first representative of Sir
George Parnacott in ' Lords and Commons'
(1883). After this came an engagement in
America with Miss Rosina Yokes (Mrs. CecU
Clay), with whom he played -CccZes in ' Caste,'
Ledger in ' The Parvenu,' Admiral Rankling
in ' The Schoolmistress,' Jack Deedes in ' A
Pantomime Rehearsal,' etc. It was in the
last-oamed part that he reappeared in Lon-
don (Terry's Theatre, 1S91), following this
lip with Montagu Trimble in the first cast
of Pinero's ' The Times.' In 1S92-3 he was
at the Court Theatre, where he was the
original impersonator of Rosencrantz in
Gilbert's ' Rosencrantz and Guildenstern,'
Sir Charles Jenks in ' Marriage,' the Comte
de Grival in ' The Amazons,' etc. _ Other
original parts since played by him in Lon-
don include Christiansoii in ' A Gauntlet '
(Rovaltv, 1894), Montagu Lushington in
'The Masqueraders ' (St. James's, 1894),
Lord Bevenish in 'Guy Domville' (St.
James's, 1895), and Petruchio Gomez in ' The
New Baby' (Royalty, 1896). At the Hay-
market in 1897-9 he was in the original casts
of 'The Little Minister,' 'The Manoeuvres
of Jane,' and 'The Black Tulip,' and at the
same theatre in 1900 he was Sir Benjamin
Backbite in ' The School for Scandal.'
Ellis, Havelock, miscellaneous writer,
has edited plays of Christopher Marlowe
(1887), of John Ford (1888), and of Thomas
Middleton (1887-90).
Ellis, "Walter L. J. Dramatic author
and critic ; has written the following plays,
some of which are included in French's
series of acted dramas :— ' The Evergreen,'
' A Fair Exchange,' ' Faultless,' ' Good-bye,'
•The Lawyer,' 'The Love Test,' 'Mem. 7,*
' My First Brief,' ' Our Cousin,' ' Position,'
' Twenty Minutes Late,' ' Vol. III.'
Elliston, RolDert "William. Actor
and theatrical manager, born in London,
April, 1774 ; died July, 1831 ; the son of a
watchmaker, and intended for the Church,
but, having taken part in theatrical per-
formances at school and afterwards as an
amateur, eventually left home and engaged
himself to Diraond, the manager at Bath,
There he appeared, according to Genest, on
April 14, 1791— according to Raymond, his
biographer, on April 21, 1792— as Tressel in
'Richard III.' He afterwards acted at
Bristol and on the York Circuit. In 1793-4
he returned to Bath, with which he remahied
connected for some years while making ap-
pearances in London. Thus at Covent Gar-
den in 1796-7 he played Shem (in 'The
Jew '), young Xorval, and Philaster. At
the Haymarket in 1797 he was seen as
Othello, Shylock, and Sir Edward Mortimer ;
and at the same theatre in 1803 and 1804
his roles included Hotspur, Richard III,,
Henry V., Orlando, Rolla, George Barnwell,
the Stranger, Sir George Airey, young Wild'
ing, Harry Dornton, Dick Dowlas, Dr. Pan-
gloss : he was also in the first cast of ' Love
Laughs at Locksmiths' and other pieces.
At Drury Lane in 1S04-5 his repertory in-
cluded Hamlet, Benedick, Romeo, Comus,
Archer, Doricourt, Charles Sid'face, etc, and
he was the original Duke Aranza in 'The
Honeymoon ' and the first Vivaldi in his
own p ay, ' The Venetian Outlaw ' (q.v.).
Petruchio, Rover, and young Rapid were
among his parts at the Haymarket in 1805.
At Drury Lane between 1S05 and 1809 he
played Mercutio, Valentine in ' Love for
Love,' young Mirabel, Sir Harry Wildair,
Lord Townly, Captain Absolute, Puff, etc.,
also "creating" FUzharding in 'The Cur-
few,' Lothair in ' Adelgitha,' and other
characters. In 1809 he became lessee of
the Royal Circus (afterwards the Surrey
Theatre), retaining the control of it till
1812, and appearing meanwhile at the Hay-
market (in 1811) as Pierre, Lothario, Job
T hornberry, a.nd King Charles II. in 'The
Royal Oak,' of whom he was the first repre-
sentative. His performances at Drury Lane
between 1812 and 1815 included Bolingbroke
in 'Richard II.' and Joseph Surface. In
1813 he undertook the management of
" Little Drury Lane," shortly afterwards
re-christened "The Olympic." From this
he passed in 1819 to the sole direction of
Drury Lane, a position which he held till
1826, when he was adjudicated bankrupt.
" His pecuniary affairs," says Genest, " were
involved in great difficulties by his own
fault, for with common prudence he might
have been a rich man." During his regime
he had employed as "stars " Edmund Kean,
Young, Macready, and Mdme. Vestris, with
Clarkson Sranfield and David Roberts as
his chief scenic artists. Among his own
impersonations had been Falstaff, Rich-
mond, Cassio, Macduff, Ranger, and young
Marlow, with one or two "original" parts.
His last appearance at Drury Lane was on
May 11, 1826. With 1827 began his second
less'eeship of the Surrey Theatre, marked
by the engagement of T. P. Cooke and the
production of ' Blackey'd Susan,' and con-
cluding in 1831, his final appearance as an
actor being made there on June 24 of that
year. On July 6 he died, of apoplexy. In
addition to his London theatrical man-
agements, he had conducted similar enter-
prises in Manchester, Leicester, and Bir-
mingham. Besides ' The Venetian Outlaw'
(1805), 'No Prelude' (1805) was from his
pen. Lord Byron said he " could conceive
nothing better than Elliston in gentleman's
comedy and in some parts of tragedy."
Leigh 'Hunt wrote of him in 1807 that he
was -'already the second tragedian on the
stage," adding : " That Mr. Elliston's tragic
genius is naturally equal, if not superior, to
that of Mr. Kemble, may be seen in his
quick conception of whatever is most poeti-
cal, or, in other words, most fanciful, in
tragedy, . . . Mr. Elliston's peculiar warmth
ELLY
455
ELSIE VENNER
' of feeling has rendered him the best lover
on the stage both in tragedy and comedy.
... He appropriates almost exclusively to
himself the hero of genteel comedy. . . .
I consider Mr. Ellliston, not only with respect
to his versatility, but in his general excel-
lence and in the perfection to which he has
brought some of his characters, the greatest
actor of the present day " (' Critical Essays
on the Performers of the London Theatres ').
i See, also, Charles Lamb's ' Last Essays of
i Elia'C'Tothe Shade of Elliston.'and ' Ellis-
toniana,' 1831). Elliston, says Robson, had
"a frank hearty manner, set off by a good
deal of grace, that made his comedy very
delightful" ('The Old Playgoer,' 1846).
Planche says : " Elliston was one of the
best general actors I have ever seen ; but
, the parts in wliich he has remained un-
I rivalled to this day were the gentlemanly
I rakes and agreeable rattles in high comedy.
His Ranger, Archer, Marlow, Doricourt,
Charles Surface, Rover, Tangent, and many
other such characters, he made his own —
and no wonder, for these characters re-
flected his own" ('Recollections,' 1872).
"His voice," sa>s W. Donaldson, "was of
a superior quality, of great compass, and
capable of any intonation ; his face noble,
and his height about five feet ten " (' Recol-
lections'). For biography consult the
' Memoirs ' by Raymond (1845), Oxberry's
'Dramatic Biography,' the ' Biographia
' Dramatica,' Genest's 'English Stage,'
iMacready's ' Reminiscences,' etc.
Elly. A play by Fred Marsden, first
performed in New York at Niblo's Garden,
December 21, IS'Jl.
Elmerick ; or, Justice Trium-
phant. A tragedy by Gkorge Lillo,
lirst performed at Drury Lane on Februaiy
■23, 1740, with Quin in the title part.
Elmire. A character in the English
iversions of Moliere's ' Tartuffe' iq.v.).
Elmore, Margaret. The heroine of
'Love's Sacrifice ' (q.v.).
i Eloisa. A tragedy by Frederick Rey-
nolds, taken froni the ' Nouvelle Heloise*
pf Rousseau, and performed at Covent
IGarden in December, 1786, with Miss Brun-
,ton in the title-part.
Eloped; or. Babes and Beetles.
5ee Babes in the Wood (Tom Taylor).
Eloped ■with a Circus Man. A play
py F. G. Maeder and J. AV. McGrath,
jirst performed at Bridgeport, Ct., January
U, 1886 ; produced under the title of ' The
Circus,' Philadelphia, February 22, 1892 ; first
)erformed in New York, INIarch 28, 1892.
Elopement (The). (1) A farce by
ViLLiAM Havard, acted at Drury Lane in
763. (2) A pantomimic entertainment at
)rury Lane in 1767. (3) ' Elopement : ' a
omedy in two acts, by Henky Arthur
oxes, produced at the Theatre Royal, Bel-
ist, on August 16, 1880, with J. F. Young as
'onathan Ilonywill, E. S. Willard as Phil
laikes, and Mrs. E. S. Willard as Maggie.
Elopements in Higrh Life. A comedy
in five acts, by Robert Sulivan, first per-
formed at the Haymarket Theatre, London,
on April 7, 1353, with Barry Sullivan as
Travers, W. Farren as Charles'Perfect, W. H.
Chippendale as Lord Betterton, H. Howe as
Tor)v Singleheart, H. Compton as Captain
Gawk, J. B. Buckstone as Jemmy Tulip,
Miss Reynolds as Mrs. Louisa Lovelock, Miss
Louisa Howard as Eatherina, Mrs. Bucking-
ham as Sybilla, and Mrs. Fitzwilliam as
Lady Betterton.
Elringrton, Thomas. Actor and the-
atrical manager, born in London, 1688, died
1732 ; after some experience as an amateur,
made his professional debut at Drury Lane
in December, 1709, as Oroonoko, and re-
mained connected with that theatre till
1712, when he went to the Smock Alley
Theatre, Dublin, to play " lead." In the
following year he married the daughter of
the lessee, Joseph Ashbury (q.v.), on whose
demise in 1720 he succeeded to the direction
of the theatre — a position which he retained
till his own decease. Between 1715 and
1729 Elrington made many appearances in
London. In the first-named year he was
at Drury Lane, playing Hotsjnir, Cassius,
and so forth ; in 1716, at Lincoln's Inn
Fields, where he Avas seen as Hamlet,
(Edipus, etc. ; in 1718, at Drury Lane ; and
in 1723-9 at the same theatre, enacting
Othello, Antony, Cato, and other characters.
He was the original representative of Pem-
broke in Rowe's ' Lady Jane Grey ' (1715),
Charles Courtwell in 'Woman's a Riddle'
(1716), Sir Harry Freelove in ' The Artful
Husband' (1717), the title-character in
' Busiris ' (1719), etc. " Mr. Elrington," says
Chetwood, " was a true copy tif Mr. Verbrug-
gen, but the former had an infinite fund of
(what is called low) humour on the stage"
('History of the Stage'). See Hitchcock's
' Irish Stage,' Curll's ' History of the Stage,'
Davies' ' i)ramatic Miscellanies,' Genest's
' h^nglish Stage,' etc.
Elsa Dene. A drama in four acts, by
A. C. Calmour, first performed at Brighton,
October 14, 1886 ; produced at the Strand
Theatre, London, on October 25 in the same
year, with Miss Agnes Hewitt in the title
part.
Elsie. A drama in one act, by F. W.
Broughton, first performed at the Globe
Theatre, London, September 8, 1883.
Elsie Venner. This fantastic tale by
Oliver Wendell Holmes, first published in
1861, was dramatized m America, the play
being produced in 1865 at the Boston
Theatre. "The result," says Holmes's bio-
grapher, "was absolute failure." Holmes
himself said in conversation, " It was bad,
very bad. It was not ' Elsie Venner ' — my
' Elsie Venner ; ' they had made it into a melo-
drama, and the psychology was not there.
... It was the novel vulgarized. . . . You
may imagine Elsie, with her strange eyes
and the snake look in them, but you cannot
see her on the stage : the illusion would
not hold there."
ELSWITH
ELWINA
Elswitla. See Elswitha.
Elswitha, the heroine of Pocock's
drama, 'Alfred the Great' (q.v.), appears as
Elswith in Sheridan Knowles's play,
' Alfred the Great,' and in R. B. Brough'S
extravaganza, 'Alfred the Great' {q.v.).
See Ethelswida.
Elsworthy, Maria [Mrs. Archedeckne].
Actress, born 1825, died 1879 ; played Gul-
nare and Amine ia F. Talfourd's 'Abon
Hassan' (1854). Among her original parts
were the Countess in ' Bel Demonio ' (1S63),
Bianea cVAlhizzi in 'The Watch Cry' (1865),
Lady Ashton in 'The Master of Ravens-
•wood ' (1866), and i/rs. Torrington in ' Uncle
Dick's Darling ' (1869) She was the Queen
in 'Hamlet' at the Princess's, London, in
1861, and at the Lyceum in 186i ; also, the
Widoiv Melnotte at the Lyceum in 1867.
Elton, Edward Williain [real name,
Elt]. Actor, born in London, 1794, died
1843 ; was intended for the law, but, after
some amateur experience, embraced the his-
trionic profession. His London ddbut was
made at the Olympic Theatre in 1823. After
this came engagements at various provincial
centres (a special success being achieved at
Liverpool as Napoleon in 'The Battle of
Waterloo '). His metropolitan renlrie was
made in 1831 at the Garrick, Whitechapel,
in the role of Richard III. — a performance
which at once made him popular in the
East End. Employed between 1832 and
1836 at the Suney, the Haymarket, and
Covent Garden, Elton went to the last-
named in 1838, and to DruryLane in 1839,
as a member of Macready's companies. In
1843 he undertook some appearances at
Edinburgh, and, returning from that city,
was drowned in the ship Pegasus, on the
voyage from Leith to Hull, on July IS.
While at the Surrey in 1832 he was the
original Eugene Aram in W. T. Moncrieff's
play {q.v.). Other characters of which he
was the tirst representative include Walter
Tyrell in the play so named (1783), Waller
in 'The Love Chase' (1837), Beauseant in
'The Lady of Lyons* (1838), Louis XIII.
in Lvtton's 'Richelieu ' (1839), L'Aubigny
in ' A Night in the Bastille ' (1S39), Bizzio
in Haynes' ' Mary Stuart ' (1840), Pheax in
' Gisippus ' (1842), and Heartwell in ' The
Patrician's Daughter ' (1842). Among other
roles played by him were the Ghost in ' Ham-
let' (Haymarket, 1837), Edgarin 'King Lear,'
Antony in 'Julius Caesar,' Buckingham in
'Henry VIII.,' Guiderius in 'Cymbeline,'
and Jaffier in ' Venice Preserved ' (all at
Covent Garden in 1838), Laertes, Bertram in
' Marino Faliero ' (Drury Lane, 1842), and
Camillo in ' The Winter's Tale ' (Drurv Lane,
1843). See the Era for July, 1843, Marshall's
'Lives of the Most Celebrated Actors and
Actresses' (1847), and Westland Marston's
' Our Recent Actors ' (1888).
Elton, "Williani. Actor, born 1850 ;
made his first appearance at the Adelphi
Theatre, Liverpool, in 1839. In 1867 he
was "low comedian" at the Queen's, Man-
chester. In 1872 he joined the travelling
company of Captain Disney Roebuck, with
whom he played in comedy and burlesque
till 1875, when he went with him to South
Africa. Engaged at Brighton in 1877-8,
he went thence to the Gaiety, London
(1879-80), where he " created" Count Nava-
riski in 'Boulogne,' Merryman in 'Th&
Great Casimir,' Botibol in ' Unlimited Cash,'
and Bash'eigh in ' Robbing Roy.' In Octo-
ber, 1880, he began a three years' engagement ,
at Wallack's Theatre, New York, where he
was seen as To7iy Lumpkin, Bob Acres, old ;
Middlewick (' Our Boys '), Doublechick (' The
Upper Crust '), Ledger (' The Parvenu '), etc.
At the London Gaiety in 18S3-4, he appeared
as Sam Nubbles in ' Virginia and Paul,'
Caliban in ' Ariel,' Cyniscos in ' Galatea,' (
the Shah in ' Camaralzaman,' Calchos in i
' Our Helen,' Alderman Chinkible in ' A Wet j
Day,' Sinnery in ' Called there and Back,' '
and so forth. From 1886 to 1892 he played ;
a long series of roles in Australia and New '
Zealand. In London in the last-named year j
he " created " the Seneschal in ' The Wedding I
Eve ' {q.v.). Among his more recent roles was '
that of Potter in ' Little Miss Nobody ' (1899). ;
Elvina. A character in Kenney's ' Blind
Boy ' {q.v.).
Elvino, in 'La Sonnambula' and the
burlesques based upon it, is a farmer in love-
with Amina, the heroine.
Elvira ; or, The "Worst not always
True. A comedy adapted by George j
DiGBY (Earl of Bristol) from the ' No Siem-
pre lo Peor es Cierto' of Calderon, pub- I
lished in 1667, and described by Swinburne I
as "the one dramatic work in the Ian- j
guage which may be said to have antici- j
pated the peculiarly lucid method, and the '
peculiarly careful evolution of a most \
amusingly complicated story, which we i
admire in the best works of Wilkie Collins." '
From this piece, it is thought, Mrs. Cent'
livre borrowed something for ' The Won- j
der' {q.v.). (2) 'Elvira:' a tragedy by j
David Mallet, first performed at Drury :
Lane on January 19, 1763, with Garrick as '
Alonzo IV. (King of Portugal), Holland as- \
Don Pedro (his son), Mrs. Gibber as Elvira J
(secretly married to Pedro), Mrs. Pritchard •
as the Queen, and Miss Bride as Ahneydai |
(her daughter). This play was " confessedly
an imitation" of De la ilotte's tragedy on j
the same subject, which was itself deriveti .
from the 'Lusiad' of Camoens.
Elvira. (1) Wife of Gomez in Dryden's i
' Spanish Friar ' {q.v.). (2) Wife of Clodio
in Gibber's 'Love makes a Man' {q.v.).
(3) Mistress of Pizarro in Sheridan's play
so named, and in L. Buckingham's bur-
lesque thereof. Elvira is also the name of
characters in (1) ]Mrs. Cockburx's ' Agnes
de Castro' {q.v.), (2) 'The Muleteer of
Toledo' {q.v.), (3) 'Bunker Hill,' and (4> :
the English adaptations and burles(]ues of
'Don Giovanni,' ' Ernani,' 'Puritani,' and,
' Masaniello.'
Elwina. A tragedy by M. Fitzgerald, ,
acted in Dublin in 1792
ELWOOD
EMERY
Elwood, Arthur. Actor ; flprured in
the original casts of 'The Rector' (1883),
'The Blue Bells of Scotland' (1887),
'Calumny' (1889), 'Dick Venables' (1890),
'Hedda Gabler' (Lovborg, 1891), 'The Hon.
Herbert ' (1891), Benhara's ' Awakening '
(1892), ' The Transgressors ' (1894), ' Nelson's
Enchantress ' (1897), ' The Happy Life ' (1897),
' The Wisdom of the Wise ' (1900), etc. He
has also been seen in London as Captain
Hau'tree (1889), Major Treherne in ' Cyril's
Success' (1890), Captain Hawkdey (1890),
Smooth in ' Money ' (1891), etc.
Elysium. A play by William Fleron,
founded on Mario Urchard's novel, ' Mon
Oncle Barbasson ' (Gymnase, Paris, 1S71),
and first performed at Hermann's Theatre,
New York, May 16, 1893.
Elze, Karl. Author of ' Essays on
Shakespeare ' and ' William Shakespeare :
a Literary Biography,' both translated into
English by Miss L. D. Schmitz, and pub-
lished in that form in 187-1 and 1888 respec-
tively ; author, also, of an essay on Sir
William Davenant in the 'Shakespeare
Jahrbuch ' (1869), and editor, likewise, of
Chapman's ' Alphonsus' (1867) and S. Row-
ley's ' When You See Me ' (1874).
Embassy (The). A play in three
acts, adapted by J. R. Plancii^ from the
French, and first performed at Covent
Garden on March 22, 1841, with a cast
including Mdme. Vestris, Miss Tree, and
J. R. Anderson.
Emden, T. "Walter L. Architect,
born 1847 ; son of W. S. P^mden (q.v.) ; de-
signed the following London theatres—
the old Court, the new Court, Terry's, the
Garrick, and the Duke of York's ; also, the
Ipswich Theati-e, the City Theatre, Sheffield,
and the Theatre Royal, iVewcastle-on-Tyne.
In several London theatres he has carried
out large structural alterations, and he has
designed many other places of entertain-
ment in town and country.
Em.den, W. S. Theatrical manager
and playwright ; was, witli F. Robson (q.v.),
co-lessee of the Olympic Tiieatre, London,
from August, 1857, to September, 1864. —
Mrs. W. S. Emden was engaged as an
actress at the Olympic during her husband's
regime, appearing in such original parts as
Nanina in 'The Doge of Duralto,' Zemila
in H. J. Byron's 'Mazeppa' {q.v.), etc. —
Henry Emden, son of the above, is well
known as a scenic artist. See Emden, T.
Walter.
Emerald, King-. See King Emerald.
Emerald Queen (The). A drama by
W. Travers, Britannia Theatre, London,
July 18, 1870.
Emerald King- (The). A play by
John Brougham, produced at the Broad-
way Theatre, New York, in December,
1868, with Barney Williams in the chief
part.
Emerance. Daughter of Eudcs, Duke
of Aquitaine, in Grattan's 'Ben Nazir'
(q.v.).
Emery, John. Actor, born at Sunder-
land, September, 1777 ; died in London,
July, 1822; son of Mackle Emery (q.v.);
v.as educated at Ecclesfield in Yorkshire
("where he doubtless acquired that
knowledge of the dialogue which obtained
for him so much celebrity "). He was
trained to be an instrumentalist, and
began life in the orchestra of the Brighton
Theatre, where he made his debut as an
actor as Old Crazy in ' Peeping Tom ' (q.v.).
After this came country engagements with
John Bernard and Tate Wilkinson, followed
by an engagement at Covent Garden, where
he was first seen on September 21, 1798, as
Frank Oatland in ' A Cure for the Heart-
ache' and Lovegold in 'The Miser.' These
were followed at the same house by his
Abel Drugger in 'The Tobacconist,' Orson in
' The Iron Chest,' Daniel Doivlas in ' The
Heir at Law,' and so forth. At the Hay-
market in ISOO he played Zekiel Homespuii
in ' The Heir at Law.' In ISOO-lSOl he was
at Covent Garden, where he was the original
Stephen Harrowhy in ' The Poor Gentle-
man.' At the Haymarket in the latter year
he represented Clod in ' The Young Quaker '
and Farmer A.^hticld in 'Speed the Plough.'
From 1802 till 1820 Emery was employed at
Covent Garden, where he was the first
performer of Dan in 'John Bull,' Sam in
' Raising the Wind,' Tyke in ' The School of
Reform,' Dandie Dinuiont in Terry's ' Guy
^Mannering,' Ratclif in the same adapter's
'Heart of Midlothian,' and Moustache in
'Henri Quatre.' During the .same period
Emery appeared as Silence in 'Henry IV.,'
Caliban and Barnardine in 'Measure for
Measure,' Lockit in ' The Beggar's Opera,'
Hodge in ' Love in a Village,' Dougal in
Terry's 'Rob Roy,' etc. His last appear-
ance was on June 29, 1822, as Edie Ochil-
tree in 'The Antiquary.' He had some
gifts as a pictorial artist, and between 1802
and 1817 was a frequent exhibitor at the
Royal Academy. Hazlitt wrote of him :
"In his line of rustic characters he is a
perfect actor. His Hodge is an absolute
reality, and liis Lockit is as sullen, gloomy,
and impenetrable as the prison walls of
which he is the keeper. His Robert Tyke
is the sublime of ti'agedy in low life"
('Criticisms and Dramatic Essays'). W.
Robson says: "He understood and could
play Shakespeare. His Caliban was by far
the best that has been seen since Charles
Bannister ; his Sir Toby Belch, his Grave-
digger, his Dogberry, I have never seen
equalled ; but his Barnardine was the most
astonishing. ... He was great in the ner-
vous, strong parts of our old comedies, and
was reaMyDandi/ Dinmont himself" ('The
Old Playgoer'). See, also, 'The Thespian Dic-
tionary,'' Oxberry's ' Dramatic Biography,'
Genest's ' English Stage,' Bernard's ' Re-
collections,' Donaldson's ' Recollections,'
Lamb's Essays, Leigh Hunt's ' Critical
s,' etc.
EMERY
458
EMIGRATION
Emery, Mackle. Actor, died 1825 ;
is described in (Jxberry's 'Dramatic Bio-
graphy' as ''an actor of some humour but
little originality." His -wife appeared at
the Haymarket in 1802 as Dame Ashfiehl in
' Speed the Plough,' and was afterwards
employed at Covent Garden.
Emery, Sam.uel Anderson. Actor,
born in London, 1S17, died July, 1881 ; son
of John Emery {q.v.) ; made his professional
diliut in 1835 in the provinces, beginning
his meti'opolitan career, in effect, in April,
1S4.S, at the Lyceum, as Giles in ' The
Miller's Maid' {q.v.). After appearing as
Fixture in 'A Roland for an Oliver,' he
joined the Keeleys at the Lyceum, where
he was the first representative of Jonas in
Stirling's adaptation of ' Martin Chuzzle-
wit,' Will Fern in the same adapter's version
of 'The Chimes' (1845), John Peerybinr/le
in Albert Smith's ' Cricket on the Hearth '
(1845), and Anthony Latour in ' The Creole '
(1847). In 1853 he migrated to the Olympic,
and was there notable as the original per-
former of Fouche in 'Plot and" Passion'
(1853), Benson in ' To Oblige Benson ' (1854),
Potter in ' Still Waters Run Deep ' (1855),
and Kinrj Gander in 'The Discreet Prin-
ce sa' (1855). In the following year he was
for a time lessee of the Marylebone Theatre.
In the course of the twenty years that
followed he sustained the following (and
other) original roles—those of Beau Brum-
mel in Blanchard Jerrold's play (185vi),
Banuccio in 'Bel Demonio' (1863), Caleb
Balderstone in ' The Master of Ravenswootl '
(1866), Noah Learoyd in 'A Long Stroke'
(1870), DanH Peggotty in 'Little Em'ly'
(1869), Dr. Primrose in Douglass's ' Vicar
of Wakefield' (1870), Captain Cuttle in
'Heart's Delight' (1873), Major Bridgenorth
in 'England in the Days of Charles II.'
(1877), and Chamboran in ' Proof ' (1878).
His other impersonations included Sir Peter
Teazle (Olympic, 1855), Bobert Macaire
(Lyceum, 1859), M'Closkey in 'The Octo-
roon ' (Adelphi, 1861), Johnson in ' The Lan-
cashire Lass' (Queen's, 1868), Peter Hayes
in ' Arkwright's Wife' (Globe, 1873), O'Grady
in ' Arrah-na-Pogue ' (Adelphi, 1876), and
Martin Truegold in 'True to the Core'
(Adelphi, 1877). His last appearance in
London was made in 1878. His activities
included a short engagement in America
late in the sixties, and, just before his
death, a tour of the Colonies. " Everything
Sam Emery touches dramatically,"'wrote
Edward Stirling, "impresses his audi-
ences with truth to nature. Even in the
smallest detail of character that excel-
lent quality is worked out" ('Old Drury
Lane ').
F.mery, "Winifred. Actress ; daughter
of .iamuel Anderson Emery (q.v.) ; made
her professional debut at the Alexandra
Theatre, Liverpool, as the child in ' Green
Bushes.' Her earliest appearance in Lon-
don was at the Princess's Theatre, in 1S75,
in the pantomiaie of ' Beauty and tlie Beast.'
Her first engagement as an adult performer
was with Miss Litton at the Imperial The-
atre in 1879. At the Court Theatre in Sep-
tember of that year she played Amanda in
a revival of ' Fernande,' her first original
part being that of Minnie in 'A Clerical
Error' at the same theatre in the following
month. Since then she has been the first
representative of the following (and other)
characters : — At the Court : Florence in
' The Old Love and the New ' (1879) ; at the i
Haymarket : Bosalie in ' A Bridal Tour ' ,
(ISSO) ; at the St. James's : Mabel in ' Co- ; h
ralie' (1881); at Toole's: Mrs. Bunny in j W^
' Auntie' (1882) ; at the Vaudeville: Bose in | if"''
' Confusion ' (1883) ; at Terry's : 3[rs. Errol
in ' The Real Little Lord Fauntleroy ' (1888) ; 1
at Drury Lane : Sybil in ' The Armada ' |
(1888) ; at the Vaudeville : Kate in ' That M
Dr. Cupid' (1889) and Lady Fenton in 'The ■*"
Old Home ' (1889) ; at Drury Lane : Mildred \ V
in ' The Royal Oak ' (1889) ; at the Vaude- j Wf-^
ville : Clarissa in R. Buchanan's play (1890) ! »*•
and Fanny Hoyden in 'Miss Tomboy'' ,.-
(1890) ; at the Olympic : Grace in ' The •
People's Idol ' (1890), Ad'ele in ' Father Buona- ,
parte ' (1891), and Madeline in ' The Acro-
bat ' (1891) ; at the Avenue : Cynthia in ,
' The Crusaders ' (1891) ; at the Comedy : ;
Bosamund in ' Sowing the Wind ' (1893), j
Elizabeth Linley in ' Dick Sheridan ' (1894), ■
Margery in ' The New Woman' (1894), Theo- '
phila in ' The Benefit of the Doubt ' (1895), '
and Mrs. Castello in ' The Late Mr. Castello ' ]
(1895) ; at the Lyceum : Bazilide in * For the ■
Crown ' (1896) ; at the Haymarket : Ben^e ,
de Cocheforet in 'Under the Red Robe''
(1896), Comtesse de Candale in ' A INIarriage :
of Convenience' (1897), Lady Babbie in 'The
Little Minister ' (1897), the heroine in ' The ;
Manteuvres of Jane' (1898), Bosa in 'The-
Black Tulip' (1893), and the Comtesse d'Au- \
treval in ' Tiiere's Many a Slip ' (1902). Miss j
Emery has also been seen in London in the i
following (and other) parts -.—Nichette in j
' Heartsease ' (Court, 1880), Nerissa in ' The ■
^lerchant of Venice' (Lyceum, 1881), Mrs.]
Featherly in 'A Widow Hunt' (Vaude-:
ville, 1881), Lottie in ' Two Roses' (Lyceum, •:
1881), Lydia Languish (^\a.nde\iUe, 1882, and;
Haymarket, 1900), Sophia (and Olivia) in
'Olivia' (Lyceum, 1885), Marguerite in;
' Faust ' (Lyceum, 1886), Jessica (Lyceum, j
1887), Ida in ' Werner ' (Lyceum, 1887), Lady
Teazle (Vaudeville, 1890, and Haymarket,'
1900), Kate Hardcastle (Vaudeville, 1890, and
Haymarket, 1900), Vashtiin 'Judah' (Shaftes-.
bury, 1890), Pauline Deschapellcs (Olympic,;
1890), Mrs. Haller (Olympic, 1891), Bess in'
'The Lights o' London' (Olympic, 1891),,
Mo7ia in ' Ben-my-Chree' (Olympic, 1891),
Ophelia (Olympic," 1891), Gilherte in 'Frou-;
Frou' (Comedy, 1894), and Esther in ' Caste':
(Haymarket, 1902). Miss Emery acted in
America in 1834 and 1887 as a member of
the London Lyceum company.
Emigrant's Dauirhter (The). A
drama in one act, founded by R. J. Ray-
mond on an American tale, and first per-'
formed at the English Opera House, Lon-,
don, August 8, 1338.
Emigrration. (1) An Irish drama byi
B.\RRY Connor, Queen's Theatre, Dublin ■
I
EMILIA
459
ENCHANTED HORSE
July 13, 1880. (2) An Irish drama in four
acts, by HUHKRT O'Grady, Princess's
Theatre, Glasgow, INIay 14, 1883.
Emilia. (1) A tragi-comedy, dedicated
to "the only few," printed in 1672. (2) A
tragedy by Mark A.nto.\y Meilan (1771).
Emilia. (1) ^Vife of lago in 'Othello'
iq.v.). (2) A lady in 'The Winter's Tale'
{q.v.).
Emilia Galotti. A tragedy by Les-
SING, performed at Drury Lane (in English)
in October, 1794, with Miss Miller in the
title part, J. P. Kemble as the Prince of
Guastallo, C. Kemble as Appiani, Palmer
as Marinelli, Wroughton as Odarto, and
Mrs. Siddons as the Countess Orsina. An
English version by B. Thompso.X was
printed in 1800. The original piece was
performed at the St. James's Theatre, Lon-
don, in 1852, with Henry Devrient as
Appiani.
Em'ly ; or, The Ark on the Sands.
A drama adapted from Dickens's 'David
Copp'ifield' iq.v.), and produced at the
(^ueen's Theatre, Manchester, March 10,
18S4. See LirriK Em'ly.
Emm, Henry. Nom-de-giLcrre, as play-
wright, of Harry Monkhouse {q.v.).
Emmett, Joseph Kline. Actor, born
at St. Louis, 1841, died June, 1891 ; began
his career in a "variety theatre" at his
birthplace. His dibid as an actor was made
in America, in 1868, in the title part of
Charles Gaylor's ' Eritz, Our Cousin Ger-
man '—the role in which he made his first
appearance in London, on November c^O,
1872, at the Adelphi Theatre.
Empedocles on Etna. A dramatic
poem by Matthew Arnold, first pubhshed
in 1853.
Emperor of the East (The). A
tragi-comedy by Philip Massinger, acted
and printed in 1631. The Emperor is Theo-
dosius ; he has married Athanais, a pagan
girl who has been baptized as Eudocia. He
comes in time to suspect Eudocia of an
intrigue with Paidinus, but is duly con-
vinced of her innocence. In Dr. A. W.
Ward's opinion, " Massinger has not made
any very successful use of a strange and, in
its way, fascinating story, or invested with
any marked interest the character of the
'Empress Eudocia'" ('English Dramatic
Literature '). See Gibbon's ' Rome,' chapter
22; also, Theodosius.
Emperor of the Moon (The). A
farce in three acts, by Aphra Behn(j.i;.),
adapted from the ' Arlequin Empereur dans
le Monde de la Li;ne ' of Nolant de Faton-
ville (which was itself originally trans-
lated from the Italian), and acted at Dor.'^et
Garden in 1687, with Untlerhill as Dr.
Baliardo, ^lountfort as Von Charmante,
Powell, jun., as Don Cinthio, Mrs. Mountfort
as Bellemante (niece of Laliardo), Mrs.
Cooke as Elaria (daughter of Baliardo),
Jevon as Harlequin, Leigh as Scaramouch,
and Mrs. Cory SiS Mo2)Sophil. "The Doctor
is so credulous as to believe that there is a
world in the moon. Charmante helps to
impress him in his belief. The Doctor is at
last persuaded that the Emperor of the
Moon and the Prince of Thunderland are
in love with Elaria and Bellamente. Cinthio
and Charmante descend in a chariot as the
Emperor and Prince. They marry Elaria
and Bellamente" (Genest). ^'Harlequin
and Scaramouch play off innumerable tricks
and antics. They are the servants respec-
tively of Don Cinthio and Dr. Baliardo, the
lover and the pantaloon of the plot, and are
both in love with Mopsophil, the duenna of
Bellemante and Elaria " (Dutton Cook).
The farce was revived several times between
1702 and 1748.
Empire (The). A droll, founded (1676)
on ' The Alchemist' (q.v.).
Empress of Morocco (The). A tra-
gedy in rhymed verse by Elkanah Settle
iq.v.), first performed at Court in 1671, and
afterwards acted at the Duke's Theatre (in
1673), with Mrs. Betterton as the Empress
{Laula), Betterton as her paramour (Cn">na^-
haz). Smith as Muley Hamet, Mrs. Mary Lee
as Mariamne, etc. " The success of this
tragedy excited the envy of Settle's con-
temporaries. It is never dull, and the plot
is well managed" (Genest). The play is
said to have been the first ever printed
with pictorial illustrations (1673). It was
burlesqued in ' The Empre.ss of Morocco,' a
farce written by TiiOM.iS Duffet, and acted
at the Theatre Royal in 1674.
En Manches de Chemise. See No. 1
Round the Corner, Nothing to Wear.
En Route. A musical comedy in two
acts, written by CECIL Maxwell and
Walter Parke, composed by Ernest Buca-
lossi (with additional numbers by Roland
Carse and P. Bucalossi), and produced on
Septeml)er 21, 1S96, at the Parkhurst The-
atre, Holloway, London.
En Voyag-e. A one-act piece by Lewis
COEN, Vaudeville Theatre, London, Decem-
ber 20, 1883.
Enchanted Barber (The). A panto-
mime by the Brothers Grinn, Adelphi
Theatre, London, December 22, 1877.— 'The
Enchanted Castle : ' a pantomime, adapted
from a tale by Miss Aickin, and performed
at Covent Garden in 1786.—' The Enchanted
Dove : ' a pantomime produced at the Bri-
tannia Theatre, London, December 26, 1881.
Enchanted Eorest (The). A bur-
lesque by Charles Dance {q.v.), produced
at the Lyceum Theatre, London, 1847. See
Enchanted AVood.
Enchanted Fountain (The). A
fairy play in two acts, Avords by Mrs. De
Lacy Lacy, music by Mrs. Lynedoch Mon-
crieff, St. James's Theatre, London, June 22,
1900.
Enchanted Horse (The). A bur
lesque by Albert Smith {q.v.) and Toai
ENCHANTED ISLAND
460
ENFANT PRODIGUE
Taylor (q.v.), produced at the Lyceum
Theatre, London, during the management
of Mr. and Mrs. Keeley (about 1844-46).
Enchanted Island (The). A dra-
matic ballet by John Fawcett, performed
at the Havmarket in June, 1S04. " The
title states' that the story is founded on
Shakespeare's ' Tempest.' The incidents
which he has mentioned as having ijreceded
the scenes of his play are given in action,
and form the basis of this ballet " (Genest).
Enchanted Isle (The) ; ' or, " Raising
the Wind " on the Most Approved Princi-
ples : a drama without the smallest claim
to legitimacy, consistency, probability, or
anything else but absurdity ; in which will
be' found much that is unaccountably coin-
cident with Shakspere's "Tempest,"' by
William and Robert Brough {q.v.); pro-
duced at the Adelphi Theatre, London, on
November 20, 1848, with Miss Woolgar as
Ferdinand, " O." Smith as Prosi:>ero, Mdme.
Celeste as Ariel, Miss M. Taylor as Miranda,
Munyard as Caliban, Paul Bedford as
Alonzo, C. J. Smith as Easa di Baccastoppa,
Sanders as Smuttifacio ; revived in July,
1860, with ISIiss F. Stirling as Miranda.
Enchanted Lovers (The). A pastoral
by Sir William Lower, printed in 1658 and
1661.
Enchanted Prince (The). A panto-
mime by JOHN Douglass, Standard The-
atre, London, December 24, 1S77.
Enchanted Tower (The). A fairy
extravairanza by Charles Selby, produced
at the Marylebone Theatre in 1848.
Enchanted Wood (The). (1) A
legendary drama in three acts, by Frances,
based on Parnell's ' Fairy Tale in the
Ancient Stvle,' and performed at the Hay-
market in 1792. (2) ' The Enchanted Wood ;
or. The Three Transformed Princes : ' an
extravaganza by Henry J. Byron (q.v.),
brought out at the Adelphi Theatre, Lon-
don, ""on May 4, 1870. See Enchanted
forest.
Enchanter (The); or, Iiove and
Mag"ic. A musical drama in two acts,
attributed to David Garrick, and acted at
Drury Lane in 1760. (2) ' The Enchanters : '
a pantomime, founded on the story of
Misnar in 'The Tales of the Genii,' and
performed at Drury Lane in 1806-7.
End of a Day (The). A play in one
act, by Herbert Barnett, Royalty The-
atre, Loadon, December 5, 1S91.
End of the Tether (The). A drama
in two acts, by G. C. Baddeley.
End of the World (The). A play by
J. W. Karner, performed in U.S.A.
Endig-a. A character in Planche's
•CharlesXIL'(3.v.).
Endless. (1) A character in O'Keefe's
'Young Quaker' (q.v.). (2) A lawyer in
Hoares 'No Song, No Supper ' (g.y.).
Endymion ; or, The Man in the
Moon. A comedy or masque by J. Lyly,
"performed before Queen Elizabeth, at
Greenwich, by the children of the Chapel ;
and of Paul's," probably in 1587, and printed
in 1591. In this piece Endymion is beloved
by Tellus, but does not return her passion.
She applies to a witch, who puts him into
a sleep supposed to be everlasting, and also
changes him from a young to an old man. ■
Cynthia, whom Endymion loves " at a re-
spectful distance," is told that he will awake
if she will kiss him. This she does, and he
not only awakes, but recovers his youth.
G. P. Baker, who introduced, edited, and
annotated an edition of ' Endymion' brought
out in America in 1895, regards the play as
an allegory of the relations between thO'
Earl of Leicester (Endymion), Lady Essex ■
(Tellus), and the Queen (Cynthia). See
Cynthia and Endymion. (2) ' Endymion ;
or. The Naughty Boy who cried for the;
Moon:' a "classical mythological" ex-
travaganza in one act, by William Brough, j
first performed at the St. James's Theatre,
London, on December 26, 1860, with Miss
M. Taylor as Endymion, Miss Herbert as'
Liana, Miss Kate Terry as Polydora, and I
other parts by Miss E. Romer, Miss C. St. I
Casse, Dewar, Emery, Belmore, andCharlesj
Young.
Enemies. A comedy -drama in five'
acts, adapted by Charles F. Coghlan:
from 'La Grande Marni^re' of Georges!
Ohnet, and first performed at the Prince of.
Wales's Theatre, London, January 28, 1886,
with J. Fernandez and F. A. Everill asi
Peter Darvel and Sir Manvers Glenn (the'
enemies), and C. F. Coghlan and Mrs.-
Langtry as Richard Darvel and Margaret^
Glenn (the lovers who reconcile their
fathers).
Enemy of the People (An). A play
in five acts, by Henrik Ibsen, first per-
formed in English at the Havmarket The-
atre on the afternoon of June 14, 1893,
with H. Beerbohm Tree as Dr. Stockmann,
]Mrs. T. Wright as Mrs. Stockmann, Miss
L. Hanbury as Petra, H. Kemble as the
Burgomaster, J. Welch as Horstad, E. M.
Robson as Aslasken, etc. [six other perform-
ances followed in June and July] ; first
acted in America at the English Opera
House, Chicago, 111., March 8, 1895.
Enemy to the King- (An). A
romantic drana in four acts, by Robert
N. Stevens, Lvceum Theatre, New Y'ork,
September 1, 1S96.
Enfant de Paris (L'). See Day of
Reckoning.
Enfant Prodig-ue (L'). A musical
plav, without words, in three acts, invented,
bv "Michel Carre fils, composed by Andre
Wormser, and originally produced at the
Cercle Funambulesque, Paris ; brought out
at the Prince of Wales's Theatre, London,^
March 31, 1891 ; revived at the Criterion
Theatre in April, 1892, and at the Lyric,
Theatre in May, 1900. Adapted by AUGUS-i
TIN Daly, the play was performed in NeW:
ENFANT TERRIBLE
ENGLISH GENTLEMAN
"■ork in March, 1891, under the title of
Pierre the Prodigal' (q.v.).
Enfant Terrible (L'). See Gossip.
Enfers de Paris (Les). See Paris
ND Pleasure.
Eng'ag'ed. (1) A comedy in three acts,
)y W. S. Gilbert (q.v.), first performed at
he Haymarket Theatre, London, on Oc-
ober 3, 1S77. with G. Honey as Cheviot Hill,
^yrle Bellew as Belvaiuney, H. Howe as Mr.
tymperson, W. Dewar as Angus Macalister,
tVeathersby as Major Macyillicuddy, Miss
.yiarion Terry as Belinda Treherne, ISIiss Julia
(Stewart as Maggie Macfarlane, INIiss Lucy
Buckstone as Minnie, Miss Emily Thorne
is Mrs. Macfarlane ; revived at the Strand
Theatre, London, in July, 1878, with G.
Honey and Miss Stewart in their original
parts, Edgar Bruce as Bdvawney, Clifford
Cooper as Symperson, INIiss L. Hibbert as
Belinda, Miss L. Telbin as Minnie, and Mrs.
(Clifford Cooper as Mrs. Macfarlane ; at the
Court Theatre, London, on November 30,
.1881, with H. J. liyron as Cheviot 11 ill, K.
Bellew as Belvawney, Clifford Cooper as
Symperson, W. H. Denny as Angus, Miss
Marion Terry as Belinda, Miss C. Addison
Q,s Minnie, Miss Measor a,s Maggie, and .Miss
Emily Thorne as Mrs. Macfarlane ; at the
Haymarket on February 17, 1S86, with H.
;Beerbohm Tree as Cheviot, M. Barrymoreas
\ Belvawney, W. Mackintosh as Sinnper.son,
\C Brooktield as Angus, Mrs. iJeerbohm
; Tree as Belinda, Miss Augusta Wilton as
i Minnie, Miss Norreys as Maggie, and Mrs.
E. H. Brooke as Mrs. Macfarlane. In 1878
:* Engaged ' was jjlayed in the English pro-
vinces, with G. Honey in his original role,
Clifford Cooper as Sj/mperso7i, Edgar Bruce
as Belvawney, and Miss Louise Hibbert as
Belinda; more recently, with F. H. Macklin
as Cheviot, Percival Clark as Belvaivney,
Mrs. Macklin as Belinda, Miss F. Brough as
Minnie, and Miss L. Gourlay as Maggie. The
comedy was performed at New York in 1878,
with James Lewis as Cheviot Hill and Miss
Minnie Palmeras Minnie ; and at Fourteenth
Street Theatre in 1SS6, with R. C. Hilliard
as Cheviot Hill and INIiss Olga Brandon as
Minnie. (2) A play by Livingstone Rus-
sell, produced in the United States.
Eng-agement (An). A duologue by
B. C. Stephenson, Theatre Royal, New-
castle-on-Tyne, August 29, 1890.
Engrineering". A comedietta in two
acts, by Arthur Matthison (q.v.), Park
Theatre, London, June 22, 1878.
Eng-Iand Ho ! or, The Buccaneers
of the Arctic Reg-ions. A drama, pro-
duced at the Marylebone Theatre, July 6,
1878.
Eng-land, Home, and Beauty. A
drama in three acts, by Joseph Brace-
well, Queen's Theatre, Manchester, August
22, 1SS2.
England in the Days of Charles
the Second. A drama in four acts, by
W. G. Wills (q.v.), first performed at Drury
Laae Theatre on September 22, 1877, with
S. Emery as Major Bridgenorth, W. Terriss
as Julian Peveril, J. Fernandez as Edu-ard
Christian, A. Glover as fhe Duke of Bucking-
ham, W.H. Pennington as Charles II., Miss
M. Leighton as the Countess of Deri y, Miss
Alma Murray as Alice Bridgenorth, and
Miss Louise Willes as Fenella.
Eng-land Preserved. An historical
play by George Watson, performed at
Covent Garden in February, 1795. The
scene is laid in the early part of Henry
III.'s reign, and three of the leading cha-
racters are fictitious.
Eng-land's Elizabeth. A play by
E. A. Parry (q.c.) and L. Calvert (?. v.),
first performed at Manchester in April,
1901.
Eng-land's Flag-. A drama in four
acts, by Hakold Whyte, Prince of Wales's
Theatre, Salfurd, April 15, 1895.—' England's
Glory : ' a naval drama in four acts"^ Park-
hurst Theatre, Holloway, London, August
20, 1894.
Eng-land's Iron Days. See Ban-
nister, N. H.
Eng-land's Joy. A play performed at
the Swan Theatre, London, in 1C02, and
"exhil)iting, after an allegorical fashion,
certain of the chief events in the reign of
Elizabeth." See Dodsley's Collection.
Eng-lander, liudwigr. Musical com-
fK)ser; has supplied the score for the
oUowing operas, first performed in U.S.A. :
— ' The Belle of Bohemia,' ' The Casino
Girl,' 'The Little Corporal,' 'The Passing
Show,' 'A Round of Pleasure,' 'The Twen-
tieth-Century Girl,' etc.
Eng-lish Etiquette. A farcical comedy
in two acts, by John Oxenford, first per-
formed at the Olympic Theatre, London,
November 2, 1840. ' See ETIQUETTE.
English Fleet in 1342 (The). A
comic opera in three acts, words by T.
DiBDiN, music by Braham, produced at
Covent Garden in December, 1803.
English Friar (The); or, The Town
Sparks. A comedy l)y James Crowne
(q.v.), acted at the Theatre Royal in 1689,
with Bowman in the title part (Father
Finical). TJie Friar swindles Lord, Stately
out of £300, and is discovered intriguing
with the maid of Lady Credulous.
Eng-lish G-entleman (An) ; or, The
Empty Pocket. A drama in four acts,
by Henry J. Byron (qv.), first performed
at Bristol on November 8, 1870. with the
author as Charles Chuckles; produced in
three acts, and under the title of ' An Eng-
lish Gentleman ; or. The Squire's Last
Shilling,' at the Haymarket Theatre en
May 13, 1871, with E. A. Sothern as Chuckles,
and other parts by W. H. Chippendale
(Jabez Grindrod), Mrs. Chippendale (Lady
Logwood), Miss Caroline Hill (Malvina),
Miss Amy Roselle (Mary), etc. ; revived at
the Gaiety Theatre, London, in October,
1879, with the author as Chuckles.
ENGLISH HEARTS
ENGLISHMEN IN INDIA
Eng-lish. Hearts. A drama in four
acts, by M. Hall and H. Green, music by
C. Harrison, Theatre Roval, Lincoln, June
10, 1S92.
Eng-lisli Lawyer (The). A comedy
translated by E. Ravexscro[-t, "%vith very
little change," from Ruggle's Latin play,
' Ignoramus ' (q.v.), and acted at the Theatre
Royal in 167S.
Eng-lisli Merchant (The). A comedy
bv George Colman (q.v.), adapted from
' L'Ecossaise ' of Voltaire, and acted at Drury
Lane in 1767, with Yates in the title part
(Freeport), Powell as Lord Falb ridge, Ha-
vard as Sir William Douglas, Mrs. Palmer
as Amelia Freeport Douglas, Mrs. Abingdon
as Lady Alton, and King as Spatter. Lady
Alton, who loves Lord Falbridge, conspires
with Spatter to prevent his marriage with
Amelia. She is, however, foiled by Free-
'port. The piece was played at New York in
June, 1795, as ' The Benevolent Merchant,'
with Hodgkinson as Freeport and Mrs.
Hallam as Amelia.
Eng-lish Monarch (The). See Edgar,
Eng-lish Monsieur (The). A comedy
by the Hon. James Howard {q.v.), acted
at the Theatre Royal in December, 1666.
Pepys witnessed the first performance, and
described the work as "a m ghty pretty
play, very witty and pleasant." Nell Gwynn
was in the cast. The scene between Comely
and Elspeth in the fourth act is parodied in
'The Rehearsal.'
Eng-lish Moor (The) ; or, The
Mock Marriage. A comedy by Richard
Brome {q.v.), printed in 1659.
Eng-lish Nell. A comedy in four acts,
founded by ANTHONY Hope and Edward
Rose on the former's novel entitled ' Simon
Dale,' and first performed at the Prince of
AVales"s Theatre, London, August 21, 1900,
with Miss Marie Tempest as Nell Gwynn,
Frank Cooper as Charles II., Ben Webster
as Simon Dale, etc.
Eng-lish Princess (The) ; or. The
Death of Richard III. A tragedy by
J. Caryl, acted at Lincoln's Inn Fields in
March, 1667, with Betterton as Richard,
Harris as Richmond, and Smith as Sir
William Stanley. The Princess is Elizabeth,
eldest daughter of Edward IV. The piece
is in rhym'ed verse, and statedly based on
"plain 'Holinshead and downright Stow,"
though the love scenes are all fictitious.
English Reading-s. An interlude by
James Cobb, performed at the Haymarket
in August, 17S7. It was WTitten in ridicule
of the inferior " reciters " of that day.
Eng-lish Rose (The). A drama in four
acts, by George R. Sims {q.v.) and Robert
Buchanan {q.v.), first performed at the
Adelphi Theatre, London, August 2, 1890,
with Leonard Boyne as Harry O'Mickey,
]SIiss Olga Brandon as Edith Kingston, and
other parts bv Bassett Roe, J. D. Beveridse,
T. B. Thalberg, W. L. Abingdon, C. Dalton,
L. Rignold, J. L. Shine, Miss M. Rorke,
ISIiss C. Jecks, Miss Essex Dane, and Miss
Kate James ; produced in New York, Sep-
tember, 1S90.
English Traveller (The). A tragi-
come.iy by Thomas Heywood {q.v.), acted
at the Cock-pit, Drury Lane, and printed
in 1633. The hero is young Geraldine, who
is in love with the young wife of old
Wincott, but refrains, out of friendship for
the husband, from wooing her. He after-
wards discovers that she is the paramour
of his friend Dalavill. Hazlitt says : " The
most splendid passage in Heywood's co-
medies is the account of ' Shipwreck by
Drink,' in the 'English Traveller,' which
was the foundation of Cowley's Latin poem,
' Naufragium Joculare.' "
Eng-lishman from Paris (The). A
farce by Arthur Murphy, acted at Drury
Lane, once only, in April, 1756.
Englishman in Paris (The). A ;
comedy in two acts, by Samuel Foote {q.v.), ;
first performed at Covent Garden on March i
24, 1753, with Macklin as Buck, Miss Macklin
as Lucinda, Mrs. Macklin as Mrs. Subtle, etc. ■
The object of the piece was " to expose the
folly of sending our youth abroad to catch ■
the vices and follies of our neighbour ;
nation." Buck (the Englishman) is in love
with Lucinda, an orphan in the hands of
the Subtles. In February, 1756, Foote pro-
duced at the same theatre a two-act sequel
to this piece, entitled ' The Englishman
Return'd from Paris,' with Foote himself as |
Buck, Mrs. Bellamy as Lucinda, and Shuter, |
Sparks, etc., in other parts. Herein, " the .
Englishman, who before was a brute, is now
become a coxcomb ; from being absurdly >
averse to everything foreign, is grown into ,
a detestation of everything domestic "(' Bio-
graphia Dramatica '). Buck no longer cares ■
for Lucinda, whose own affections are other-
wise engaged.
Eng-lishman Return'd from Paris
(The). See Englishman in Paris.
Eng-lishman's House is his Castle
(An). A farce by J. Maddiso.n Morton
Iq-v.), produced with a cast including \
Harley, H. Saker, Miss Buf ton, and Miss [
Kate Terry.
Englishmen for my Money; or,
A Woman will have her Will. A
comedy, ascribed to William Haughton, :
mentioned by Henslowe in 1593, and first
printed in 1616. "It is a merry bustling
comedy of London life, showing how the
three daughters of a ' Portingal ' usurer and
their three English lovers carry the day
over their money-loving father and the
three benighted foreigners in vain favoured
by him "(A. W.Ward).
Englishmen in India. A comic
opera in three acts, libretto by W. DiMOND,
first performedwith a cast including Dowton,
Gattie, Harley, Wallack, C. Jones, Mrs. *
Davison, Miss Kelly, and Miss Stephens-
revived at Drury Lane in 1SS9, with Dowton, ;
Duruset, W. J. Hammond, Mrs. Selby, Mrs. .
Stirling, and :Miss Betts in the cast.
SV
ti
ENGLISHWOMAN
EPICCENE
Eng"lish.woinan (An). A melodrama
in five acts, by St. Aubyn Miller, Opera
House, Chatham, January 1, 1S94 ; Standard
Theatre, London, October 1, 1S94.
Enlisted. See Chain Gang, The.
Ennui. A character in Reynolds' ' Dra-
matist' i'l-v.).
Enobarbus. Friend to Antony, in
'Antony and Cleopatra' (q.v.).
Enoch Arden. A poem by Alfred,
Lord Tennyson, of which, apparently, a
dramatized version was performed in America
in 1S65, with J. F. Wheelock as Enoch. Then
came (2) Stirling Coyne's ' Home Wreck '
(q.v.) (1869), (3) Henry Leslie's ' Mariner's
Compass' (q.v.), and (4) 'Enoch Arden,' a
drama in four acts, by Arthur Matthison,
first performed at the Crystal Palace, De-
cember 14, 1S7G, with Reginald 3Ioore as
Enoch. H. R Teesdale as Philip, G. Barrett
as Peter Lane, A. Matthison as Boscn Ben,
Atkins as Dr. Graminett, Miss Eastlake as
Armie, etc. (5) Another dramatization of
the poem, made by Newtown Beers, was
performed in the United States in 1SS9.
Enough's as Good as a Feast. A
comedy "mentioned by Kirkman, but with-
out either date or author's name."
Enquire Within. A musical piece,
written by F. C. liURNAND, and performed
at the Gallery of Illustration, London.
Enrag-ed Musician (The), with music
by Samuel Arnold (q.v.), was first performed
in 17SS, and revived at St. George's Hall,
London, on March 12, 1855.
Ensnared. A drama in three acts,
adapted by Walter Frith (q.v.) from ' Le
Drame de la Rue de la Paix,' and first
performed at the Gaiety Theatre, London,
^larch 8, 1883. It was afterwards played in
the provinces by a company headed by Miss
R. Leclercq.
Enson, Fanny. Actress, died 1897 ;
was the original representative of the follow-
ing (and other) chAvactevs:— Mary Faii-fax
in Wills's 'Buckingham' (1875), Amaranthe
in Rowe and Harris s ' Freedom ' (1S83), An-
gelica BloKsom, M.D., in Burnand's ' Doctor'
(1887), Amcnartas in Rose's 'She' (1888),
and Lady Kate ffennell in Jones's ' Bauble
Shop' (1893). She was also seen in London
in 1892 as Mrs. Erlynne in ' Lady Winder-
mere's Fan' and Mrs. Glyn-Stanmore in
Chambers's ' Idler.' At Birmingham in 1873
she played Helena in ' A Midsunmier Night's
Dream,' and in the same city in 1876 Cordelia.
Entellus. A conspirator in Massinger'S
' Roman Actor ' (q.v.).
Enthusiasm. (1) A play by Joanna
Baillie, printed in her volume of ' Dramas '
(i83o). (2) A play by John Brougham
(q.v.).
Enthusiast (The). (1) A comedy in
one act, by William Lowe, Theatre Royal,
Blacklnirn, May 7, 1884. (2) A dramatic
sketch in one act. Vaudeville Theatre,
London, March 11, 1892.
Entrances and Exits. A drama in
prologue and three acts, by George
Spencer, East London Theatre, April 27,
1868.
Entrapped. A melodrama in two acts,
by Edgar Newbound, Britannia Theatre,
London, July 24, 1880.
Entry into Jerusalem, on an Ass
(The). One of the York Plays (q.v.).
Eolia. The " Mountain Sylph " in Bar-
nett's opera so named (q.v.).
Epee, The Abbe de 1'. See Abbe de
l'Epee and Deaf and Dumb.
Epernoune. A character in Marlowe's
' Massacre at Pari.s ' (q. v.).
Ephesian Matron (The). (1) A farce
in one act, by Charles Johnson (q.v.), acted
at Drury Lane Theatri in April, 1732. (2)
A comic serenata, " after the manner of the
Italian," by Is.^ac Bickerstaffe, produced
at the Haymarket in 1769.
Epiccene ; or, The Silent Woman.
A comedy in five acts, by Ben Jonson (q.v.),
first performed in 1609 " by the children of
Her Majesty's Revels." It was printed in
the same year, and ran through several
editions (1612, 1616, 1620, and so forth). The
plot is thus given by Genest: "Morose has
such an abhorrence of all noise that he in-
structs his servant to answer him by signs.
He has taken a dislike to his nephew, Sir
Dauphine Eugenie, and is determined to
marry. Cuthcard recommends Epicoene to
him as being a Silent Woman. Trueivit does
his utmost to deter Morose from marrying ;
his attempt only accelerates Morose's deter-
mination. ... In the third act, Epicoene re-
covers the full use of her tongue. . . . Morose
agrees to settle £500 a year on his nephew
during his life, and the rest of his fortune
at his death, on condition that he will effect
a divorce for him. This is easily done, as
Epicoene is a boy whom Dauj'hine has pre-
pared for his purpose." Tlie comedy w^as
revived in 1660, and again at the Theatre
Royal in 1664, with (probably) Mrs. Knap as
Epicoene, CartwTight as Morose, Mohun as
Trueivit, Kynaston as Sir Daxiphine, Winter-
shall as Sir Amorous La Foole, Shatterel as
Sir John Daxv, Lacy as CaiAain Otter. Burt
as Clerimont, airs. Corey as Mrs. Otter, and
Mrs. Rutter as Lady Haughty. Pepys, who
witnessed this performance, records another
revival in 1667, adding, " I never was more
taken with a play than I am with this ' Silent
Woman,' as old as it is, and as often as I have
seen it. There is more wit in it than goes to
ten new plays." In 1668 he WTites : " To the
King's Playhouse, and there saw 'The Silent
Woman,' the best comedy, I think, that ever
was wrote." The play was revived at the
Haymarket in January, 1707, with Mrs. Old-
field as Epicoene, Betterton as Morose, Wilks
as Trueivit, Booth as Sir Dauphine, Bullock
as La Foole, Cibber as Daw, Mills as Cleri-
inont, and Norris as Cutbeard ; at Drury
Lane in October, 1731, with Mrs. Thurmond
as Epicoene, Johnson as Morose, Cibber, jun..
EPICURE
464
EPIMETHEUS
as La Foole, and Bridgwater as Sii- Dau-
phine ; at the same theatre in Fel^ruary, 1738,
with Mrs. Butler as Epicoene, Mills as True-
wit, Macklin as Cutoeard, Havard as Sir
Dauphine, and ^Mrs. Pritchard as Lady
Haughty ; at Covent Garden on April I7,
1745, with Mrs. Pritchard as Epicoene, Cibber,
jun., as Daw, and Woodward as La Foole;
and at Drury Lane in October, 1752, with
Yates as Morose, Palmer as Truewit, Shuter
as La Foole, Woodward as Daw, and ^Irs.
Clive as Lady Haughty. Altered by Colman,
the play was produced at Drury Lane, under
Garrick's auspices, in January, 1776, with
Mrs. Siddons (and afterwards Lamash) as
Epicoene, Bensley as Morose, King as La
Foole, Yates as Otter, Parsons as Daw, and
Baddeleyas Cutbeard. It was seen at Covent
Garden on April 26, 1784, with Mrs. Bates
as Epicoene, Aikin as Morose, Wroughton as
Truewit, Edwin as La Foole, Quick as Daw,
and Wewitzer as Cutbeard. In 1798 appeared
an edition of the play with the scenes ar-
ranged " according to the French model."
A performance of the comedy was given at
Sander's Theatre, Cambridge, U.S.A., on
March 20, 1895. " Epic(ene" was made the
subject of high eulogy by Dryden in his
" Essay on Dramatic Poesy." Coleridge de-
scribed it as " the most entertaining oi Jon-
son's comedies." " Its merits," writes A. C.
Swinburne, "are salient and superb: the
combination of parts and the accumulation
of incidents are so skilfully arranged and so
powerfully designed that the result is in its
own way incomparable. , . , Jonson's wit
is wonderful— admirable, laughable, laud-
able—it is not in the fullest and the deepest
sense delightful. It is radically cruel, con-
temptuous, intolerant ; the sneer of the
superior person — Dauphine or Clerirnont —
is always ready to pass into a snarl. . . .
This is perhaps the only play of Jonson's
which will keep the reader or spectator for
•whole scenes together in an inward riot or
an open passion of subdued or unrepressed
laughter " (' A Study of Ben Jonson '). See,
also, Ward's ' English Dramatic Literature '
Epicure, Sir Tunbelly, in Dr. Bacon's
' Insignificants ' (5. v.).
Epilog-ues. The epilogue, in English
drama, was, we read, " probably a develop-
ment of the old Greek yvti^ixn, or moral re-
flection, with which the Chorus concluded
the play, and partly of the ' vos plaudite ' of
the Roman comedians. The features of these
two parents can be traced in most English
epilogues. In those which refer back to
the action of the drama, and tend to justify
its issue ; in those ' merry epilogues to tra-
gedies ' which in the pages of the Spectator
found such vehement assailants and cham-
pions ; whenever, in shert, a character in
the play appeai-s and speaks lines calculated
to dismiss the audience with unruffled tem-
perament and assuaged emotions ; we seem
to discover a relic of the sententious sapience
of the Chorus of Greek tragedy. But in
those many others, which are divested of
any reference to the play, and in which the
audience are directly addressed with a view
to obtain a favourable reception for the
players, we recognize a development of the
brief ' plaudite ' with which tlie actor in a
play of Plautus or Terence, advancing to
the front of the stage, would appeal to
the public " (' The Prologue and Epilogue
in English Literature'). In English the-
atrical history the epilogue has taken many
forms, and has been delivered under vary-
ing conditions. It was originally very brief,
but grew gradually in length till it became
a substantial com'position. At first, in aU
probability, it was a species of "tag" pro-
nounced by the last speaker in the play,
as in the familiar case of ' As Yuu Like It'
(from the epilogue to which it is clear that
such utterances were usually given to a male
character, and, moreover, that they were
not invariably in verse). Almost equally
familiar, at least as a matt-r of history, is
the epilogue to Dryden's ' Tyrannic Love'
iq.v.), spoken by Nell Gwynn in the cha-
racter of the Princess Valeria. The Princess
was supposed to be lying dead upon the
stage ; but when the attendant came to lift
the pseudo-corpse, Nell opened her mouth
in protest :
" Hold ! Are you mad, you d d confounded dog?
I am to rise and speak the epilogue."
The epilogue to ' 2 Henry IV.' is spoken by
"a dancer," that to Dryden's 'Indian Em-
peror' by "a Mercury." Dorset wrote for
a revival of 'Every Man in his Humour'
an epilogue spoken by " the Ghost of Rare
Ben Jonson." Sometimes the epilogue (as
in the case of Brome's 'Antipodes' and
Dryden's ' Don Sebastian ') took the shape
of a colloquy between two speakers, and
was caUed an epidialogue. Occasionally the
epilogue was not spoken, but sung. In
course of time, it became fashionable for
the author of a play to write neither his
prologue nor his epilogue, but to get in-
fluential friends to do both for him ; and
to this custom we owe some of the best
epilogues in the language. Shakespeare
makes Rosalind say, "If it be true that
good wine needs no bush, it is true that a
good play needs no epilogue ; yet to good
wine they do use good bushes, and good
plays prove the better by the help of
good epilogues." On the other hand, the
speaker of one of Beaumont and Fletcher's
exordiums has to remark —
" Why there should be an epilogue to a play
I know no cause."
Against the " merry epilogues to tragedies,"
once so prevalent, both Arthur Murphy and
John Home protested strongly in epilogues
of their own. Not for many a year has an
epilogue, other than Shakespearean, been
delivered on our regular stage. One of the
most recently printed is that which Theo-
dore Watts-Dunton wrote for an amateur
performance of Banville's ' Le Baiser ' at
Coombe, Surrey, in August, 1889. See But-
ton Cook's ' A Book of the Play.'
Epimetheus, in H. J. Byron's 'Pan-
dora's Box' (<?. '-•.).
r
II
EPPS
465
ERNSTONE
Epps, Onesimus, M.P. The hero of
SiMS's ' Member for Siocum ' {q.v.).
Epsom. Do-wns, The Duchess of.
The heroine of Sims and Clay's ' Merry
Duchess' (g.«.)> ill love with Freddy Boiv-
man (q.v.).
Epsom "Wells. A comedy by T. Shad-
well, tirst performed at the Duke's Theatre
in 1G72, with a cast including Betterton,
Harris, Smith, Underbill (as Justice Clod-
pate), Nokes, Angel (as Fribble), Mrs. John-
son, Mrs. GibbS; and Mrs. Betterton (as J/rs.
Jilt) ; revived at Driiry Lane in 170S and
1715, and at Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1726.
" This is one of Shadwell's best plays "
(Genest). See Downes's ' Roscius Augli-
canus.'
Equality Jack. A "nautical operetta"
in twu acts, the libretto founded by William
POEL f>n characters and dialogue in Cap-
tain ^Nlarryat's novels, the music by W. S.
Vinning ; Ladbroke Hall, London, February
28, 1891.
Equals. A comedy in three acts, adapted
])y P^UWAUD Rose from ' Le Gendre de M.
Puirier' (q.v), and first performed at the
Alexandra Theatre, Liverpool, .July 2, 1883,
with C. H. Ilawtrey and Miss Abington as
the Marquis smd Marchioness of Duntaayne.
Equanocta. A character in Talfoliid'S
' Aboil Has.san ' (q.v.).
Era (The). A weekly newspaper, the
first number of which appeared on Sunday,
September 30, 1838. At first, the 'Era'
consisted of miscellaneous news, special
prominence being given to all kinds of
.sport. Of late years, however, under the
editorship of its i)roprietor, Edward Ledger,
the 'Era' has devoted itself solely to the
regular and " variety " stages of the United
Kmgdom, America, the Colonies, and cer-
tain Continental cities. In connection with
it is published, every January, the Era An-
I ; nual, the first issue of which (entitled The
:. '< Era Almanack) took place in 1S6S. [The
title Avas changed (on the cover) to The Era
Annual in ISd'i.] The Annual is a reposi-
tory of information concerning the plays
and the obituary of the year dealt with,
besides including original literary matter
and pictorial illustrations.
Erastus, in Vanbrugh's 'Country
House,' is in love with Maria mne.
Erictho. A witch in J. Marston's
'Wonder of Women ' (q.v.).
Erina. The heroine of J. S. Knowles'S
'Brian Boroihme ' (q.v.).
Erin-g-o-Brag-h ; or, The Wren
i Boy s of Kerry. A drama by C. F. Hazle-
I ,WOOD, Britannia Theatre, London, April IS,
,1870. (2) ' Erin-go-Bragh ; or, The Mile-
sian's Thrust in Luck : ' a drama by W. J.
Travis, Victoria Theatre, London, May 3,
1873.
Erixene. (1) The Thracian princess in
1 OUXG's ' Brothers ' (q.v.). (2) Euphrasia' s
attendant in Murphy's ' Grecian Daughter'
(q.v.).
Erl King's Daughter (The). A play
by William Gade, performed in U.S.A.
Erie, T. W. Author of ' Letters from
a Theatrical Scene Painter,' published in
London in 18S0.
Erm.inie. A comic opera in two acts,
written by Harry Paulton and Claxox
Bellamy, composed by Edwai-d Jakobowski,
and first performed at the Grand Theatre,
Birmingham, in October, 1885, with Miss F.
St. John in the title part. Miss K. Munroe as
J avotte, 'Miss, M. A. Victor as the Pmicesse de
Gramjyoneux, Miss V. Melnotte as Cerise, H.
Paulton as Cadeau, F. Wyatt as Ravannes,
Henry Bracyas Eugene Marcel, Fred Mervin
as the Marquis de Pontvert, and other parts
by H. Bolini, J. W. Bradbury, Miss Edith
Vane, Miss K. Everleigh, and Miss Ethel
Selwyn ; first performed in London at the
Comedy Theatre on November 9, 1885, with
the same cast ; performed at the Gaiety,
London, February 18, 1SS6 ; performed in
the English provinces in 1885-6, with Miss
Esme Lee in the title part. Miss C. Lee
Stoyle, T. Paulton, and W. H. Rawlins, and
in 1887 with Miss E. Vane in the title part
and Miss >L Duggan as Marcel. In America
the opera was performed originally (Casino,
New York, May 10, 1886), \vith a cast in-
cluding Mdme. Pauline Hall, Miss Marie
Jansen, Oliver, and Hallam. It was revived
in New York, at the Broadway, in 1893, with
Francis Wilson as Cadcaux, and at the
Casino in 1898, with H. E. Dixey as
Ravannes.
Ernani. An opera in four acts, the li-
bretto founded on the ' Heriiani ' of Victor
Hugo, the music by Verdi, first performed
in England in March, 1845, at Her Majesty's
Theatre, London. It was burlesqued by
William Brough (q.v.) in 'Ernani; or,
The Horns of a Dilemma,' produced at the
Alexandra Theatre, Highbury, on :May 20,
1S65, with Miss Rachel Sanger in the title
part, Dan vers as Scampa, C. H. Hazlewood
as Rof/uez, Miss R. Edwin as Donna Elvira,
and Mrs. Caulfield as Jacinta.— Another
travesty of ' Ernani ' was performed at the
Union Square Theatre, New York, in 1872-3.
See, also, Handsome Hernani.
Ernest de Fridburgr. The " Prisoner
of State" in E. Stirling's play so named
(q.v.).
Ernest Maltravers. A drama in
three acts, by Rose Medina (q.v.), produced
at the Britannia Theatre, London, Septem-
ber 28, 1874, with E. Newbound in the title
character, James Arden as Richard JJarvil,
and Miss Marie Henderson as Alice Darvil.
Ernesto. A character in Otway's
'Orphan' (q.v.).
Ernstone, Helena Cecile [nee Schott].
Actress, of German extraction ; made her
debut on the English stage at Canterbury in
1867 as Geraldine in ' The Green Bushes.'
her first appearance in London taking place
2h
EROS
466
ESMERALDA
in February, 1868, at Covent Garden, as
Katherine in ' Katherine and Petruchio'
iq.v.). t<he was afterwards the first repre-
sentative of Ada Vavasour in Cheltnam's
' Edendale' (Charins; Cross, 1869), Martha in
Halliday's 'Little JEm'ly' (Olympic, 1S69),
Fair Rosamond in Akhurst's play so named
(Astley's, 1873), Grace Roseberry in Collins's
' New Magdalen' (Olympic, 1873), Henrietfe.
in Oxenf ord's ' Two Orphans ' (Olympic, 1874),
Ruth Leu/h in ' The Detective ' (Mirror, 1875).
and Mar'n'^^rlte Duval in 'The Mother'
(Olympic,' lb79). In 1878 she was seen at
the Haymarket as Olivia in ' Twelfth Night,'
and in 1879 at the Standard as Margaret
Wentivorth in ' Henry Dunbar' (ji-v.).
Eros. (1) Slave of Antony in Shake-
speare's 'Antony and Cleopatra' and
Dryden's 'All for Love.' (2) The God
of Love in Buchanan's 'Bride of Love'
iq.V.).
Erota. A princess in Beaumont and
Fletcher's ' Laws of Candy' {q.v.).
Errand, Tom. A porter in Farquhar's
'Constant Couple' {q.v.).
Erratic Evang-eline. A burlesque
produced at the Prince of Wales's Theatre,
Birmingham, March 10, 1884.
Errors Excepted. A comedy in three
acts, by T. Dibdin {q.v.), performed at the
Haymarket in August, 1807.
Erskine, Sir David (born 1772, died
1837), was the author of the following dra-
matic pieces, printed in the years named —
' King James I. of Scotland,' a tragedy in
verse (1827) ; ' Love amongst the Roses,'
a military opera in prose (1827) ; ' King
James II. of Scotland,' an historical drama
in verse (1828) ; and ' Mary Queen of Scots,'
a melodrama in prose (1829).
Escalus. (1) Prince of Verona in
'Romeo and Juliet' {q.v.). (2) A lord in
'Measure for Measure' {q.v.).
Escamillo. The bull-fighter in English
dramatizations of the story of ' Carmen '
{q.v.).
Escamoteur (L'). A play produced at
the Paris Gaiete in 1860. For references
to English adaptations, see Jocrisse the
Juggler; Necromancer, The ; Magloire
THE Prestidigitator ; On the Sands ;
Rube the Showman.
Escanes. A lad of Tyre in ' Pericles '
{q.v.).
EEcape into Prison (An). See Hue
and Cry.
Escaped ; or, Thrice Married. A
drama in four acts, by W. Travers, East
J^ondon Theatre, June 6, 1870.
Escaped from Portland. A drama
in a prologue and three acts, adapted from
' Le Mangeur de Fer ' of Edouard Plouvier,
and first performed at the Princess's The-
atre, London, on October 9, 1869, with C. J.
Mathews as Gentleman Jack, G. Vining as
Bullhead (a detective), W. Rignold as Vis-
count Percy Fitzmaurice, ]\Iiss Carlisle as
Lady Fmnieline, and Mrs. Charles ^Mathews
as Lisa Tyrell. " Many," says Percy Fitz-
gerald, referring to Mathews, "will recall
that strange performance of his, in which
this elegant light comedian actually took
the part of a convict ! . . . The gay Charles,
when he found that his tragic efforts were
not taken au sericux, turned the whole into
a broad farce, treating it as if it were some
huge practical joke. When Charles was
handcuft'ed and led off for punishment, there
was a roar, in which, I think, he joined"
('Memoirs'). — 'Escaped from Sing-Siug:'
a play performed in the United States.
Escapes (The); or, The Water-
Carrier. A farce in two acts, with music
by Attwood and Cherubini (from ' Les Deux
Journees '), performed at Covent Garden in
October, 1801.
Esclairmonde. Queen of Beauty in
E. Stirling's 'Dragon Knight' {q.v.).
Esmeralda. The title of some dra-
matic pieces based upon, or suggested by,
the ' Notre Dame de Paris' {q.v.) of Victor
Hugo:— (1) A drama in three acts, by
Edward^ Fitzball, first performed at the
Surrey
Yates
Quasimc
Osbaldiston
Pierre Gringoire, Rogers as Clopin, Miss ;
Cross as Fleur-de-Lys, and Mrs. W. West ;
as Sister Gudule. (2) An " operatico- !
terpsichorean " burlesque in two acts, by ;
Albert Smith, first performed at the ■
Adelphi Theatre, London, on June 3, .
1850, with :\Idme. Celeste as Esmeralda, j
Miss Woolgar as Ph(xhus de Cliateairpers, i
" O." Smith as Claude Frollo, Wright asf
Pierre Gringoire, Paul Bedford as Clopin, I
C. J. Smith as Quasimodo, Miss K. Fitz-i
William as Fleur-de-Lys, and Miss H. !
Coveney as Diane. (3) A burlesque by H. i
J. Byron {q.v.), produced at the Strand!
Theatre, London, in September, 1861, with:
INIiss F. Josephs in the title part. Miss
Marie Wilton as Gringoire, Miss E. BuftonI
as Phoebus, J. Rogers as Frollo, H. J. Turnen
as Clopin, and Danvers as the Goat. [For;
other burlesques on this subject, see MiSS-
Esmeralda and Pretty Esmeralda.];
(4) An opera in four acts, music by A.
Goring Thomas, libretto by A. Randegger:
and Theo. Marzials, first performed at
Drury Lane Theatre, London, March 26,(
1883, 'with Miss Georgina Burns in the title,
character. Miss Clara'Perry as Fleur-de-LijsS
B. McGuckin as Phoebus, W. Ludwig a.'.
Frollo, Leslie Crotty as Quasimodo, Ber
Davies as Gringoire, and G. H. Snazelle as.
Clopin.
Esmeralda. A play by Mrs. H. F
Burnett and W. Gillette, founded on i
story by the former, and first performed a'
the Opera House, Newark, October 10, 1881 '
being produced at the Madison Squan
Theatre, New York, on October 29, witl;
Eben Plympton asl>rtre Hardy, Miss Ague.
u
ESMERALDA
467
ESTCOURT
Booth as Nora Desmond, T. Whiffen a.s
Estabroulc, and Miss Annie Russell in the
title part. It was afterwards produced in
London under the title of ' Young Folks'
Ways' (,q.v.).
Esmeralda, (1) The Princess in
Planch iVs 'Riquet with the Tuft' (q.v.).
(2) The heroine of Halliday's ' Notre
Dame ' (q.v.).
Esmeralda, Miss. See Miss Esme-
ralda.
Esmeralda, Pretty. See Pketty
Esmkkalda.
Esmond. A play by W. G. Wills,
founded on Thackeray's novel, and per-
formed at St. George's Hall, London, June
21, 1893, with Ernest Meads in the title
part, Dawson INIilward as Lord Mohun, Miss
Mabel Harrison as Lady Castlewood, and
(Other parts by Miss Muriel Ashwynne, Misa
1 Eleanor Rees, etc. See Henry Esmond.
i Esmond, Henry V. Actor and drama-
Itist, born November, 1869 ; was engaged as
under-study at the Prince's Theatre, London,
in 1886. After this came considerable ex-
perience on tour in the British provinces.
His first original role in London was that of
Adrian Fiore in Outram Tristram's 'Panel
Picture' (Opera Comique, INIarch, 1889).
iSince then he has been the first representa-
itive of the following (and other) characters :
—Captain Chandler in 'The Middleman'
(1889) and Ca2:>tain Kirhym ' Dick Venables '
(1890)— both at the Shaftesbury Theatre ;
Algernon drey in 'Sweet Nancy' (Lyric,
1890); Grahatn Maxivell in ' The Pharisee '
and Jack Deshorouyh in 'My Lady Help'
^haftesbury. 1890) ; Auyustus Sudds in ' The
Director' (1891), Howard Erjerton Pomjjas
in ' The Times ' (1891), Dickliawdon in ' The
County' (1892), Neville Turner in 'Uncle
Mike' (1892), and Weston Carr in 'Flight'
(1893)-all at Terry's; Plantageiut Watts in
I The Great Unpaid' (Comedy, 1893) ; Eddie
,in 'The Masqueraders ' (1893), George Round
in * Guy Domville ' (1895), Willie Hesseltine in
'The Triumph of the Philistines ' (1895), and
Bates-Buttanshaw in ' Bogey ' (1895)— all at
the St. James's ; Regqie Philhrick in ' The
Rise of Dick Halward ' (Garrick, 1895);
Dolly Talbot in ' A Blind Marriage ' (Cri-
terion, 1896) ; and Ronald St. Roche in ' The
Princess and the Butterfly ' (1S97), the Major
in 'The Tree of Knowledge' (1897), Captain
Korner in 'The Conquerors' (1898), Vivian
Beaudevere in 'The Ambassador' (1898),
Adam Ilaygard in ' In Days of Old ' (1899),
Fritz von Tarlenheim in ' Rupert of Hentzau '
(1900), and James Antrohus in ' A Debt of
Honour ' (1900)— all at the St. James's. H.
V. Esmond was seen at the St. James's in
1893 as Cay ley Dm mmle in ' JMrs. Tanqueray,
at the Havmarket in 1895 as Little Billee in
'Trilby,' at the St. James's in 1896 as Touch-
s'/nie, and at tlie same theatre in 1S98 as
Verges. He is the author of the following
plays :— ' Rest ' (1892), ' Bogey ' (1895), ' The
l^ivided Way ' (1895), ' In and Out of a Punt '
'.1896), 'One Summer's Day' (1897), 'Cup-
board Love' (1S98), ' Grierson's Way' (1898),
' When We were l^enty-one ' (London, 1901),
' The Sentimentalist ' (1901), ' The Wilderness '
(1901), ' My Lady Virtue' a902), and ' Billy's
Little Love-Affair * (1903) ; also of ' The
Courtship of Leonie,' ' My Lady's Lord,' etc.
Esmondes of Virg-inia (The). A
play in four acts, adapted by A. R. Cazauran
from Anicet Bourgeois' ' Une Separa-
tion,' and first performed in America ;
produced at the Royalty Theatre, Lon-
(-lon, ]May 20, 1886, with Miss Helen Barry
as Rachel Trevor, and other parts by H. R.
Teesdale, J. H. Darnley, N. Doone, J. C.
Buckstone, and Miss Measor.
Esop's Glo"wworm. A moralp'ay,
referred to by Nash in one of his tract's,
dated 1592, as then well known.
Essex, Countess of. See Countess
OF Essex and Siephens, Katherine.
Essex, Earl of. See Earl of Essex.
Estcourt, Richarrf. Actor, born at
Tewkesbury, 1668, died 1712 ; educated at
Tewkesbury Grannnar Scliool ; when fifteen,
ran away from home and joined a troupe of
travelling players. Rescued from strolling,
he was apprenticed to an apothecary, and
afterwards practised as such, but, not pros-
pering, returned to the stage. About 1698
he was engaged at Smock Alley, Dublin,
where he played Sir Joslin Jolli/ in ' She
Would if She Could ' (q.v.), and old Bellair
in 'The Man of Mode' (q.v.). BetAveen 170.1
and 1709 he was acting at Drury Lane, where
he figured as the first representative of
Hardy in 'The Quacks,' Pounce in 'The
Tender Husband,' Captain Hearty in 'The
Basset Table,' Sergeant Kite in 'The Re-
cruiting Ofhcer,' and Sir Francis Gripe in
'The Busybody.' He also appeared as
Dominic in 'The Spanish Friar,' Crack in
' Sir Courtly Nice,' Captain Bluff in ' The
Old Bachelor,' the First Gravdigger in
' Hamlet,' Bayes in ' The Rehearsal,' Falstaff
in 'Henry IV'.,' Lady AddlejHot in ' Love for
Money,' Mercury in ' Amphitryon,' Sir Samp-
son Legend in ' Love for Love,' Sir Ejncure
Mammon in * The Alchemist,' and Pandarus
in ' Troilus and Cressida.' At the Hav-
market in 1709-10 he was the original Trusty
in ' Man's Bewitched,' and also enacted
Surly in ' Sir Courtly Nice ' and Sullen in
'The Beaux' Stratagem.' His last appear-
ance was on June 12, 1712. He was the
adapter of 'The Fair Example' (q.v.), a
comedy (1703), and the author of 'Prunella'
(q.v.), a burlesque (1708). He appears to
have become, in 1711-12, the proprietor of
the Bumper Tavern in Covent Garden.
Steele pictures him as Tom Mirror in the
' Tatler ' for August 6, 1709, and has tributes
to him in the 'Spectator' for May 5 and
August 27, 1712. Downes, in his ' Roscius
Anglicanus,' describes Estcourt as " histrio
natus," and says: "He has the humour
(nature enduing him with an easy, free,
unaffected mode of elocution) in comedy
always to la-tificate his audience, especially
I
ESTELLE
468
ETHEL'S REVENGE
quality (-witness Sergeant Kyte). He's not
excellent only in that, but a superlative
mimick." "This man," writes Colley Cibber,
" was so amazing and extraordinary a
mimick, that no man or woman, from the
coquette to the privy-counsellor, ever mov'd
or spoke before him, but he would carry the
voice, look, mien, and emotion, instantly
into another company." Yet, adds Cibber,
•'with all his skill in mimickry and knoM--
ledge of what ought to be done, he never
upon the stage could bring it truly into
practice, but was on the whole a languid,
unaft'ecting actor" (' Apology '). T. Parnell
made Estcourt the subject of a poem. See,
also, Chetwood's 'History of the Stage,'
Hitchcock's 'Historical View of the Irish
Stage,' and Genest's ' Account of the Eng-
lish Stage.'
Estelle. (1) A character in Marston
and WiLLS'S ' Broken Spells ' (g.v.). (2) The
heroine of W. S. Gilbert's adaptation
of ' Great Expectations' {q.v.).
Esther; or, Faith Triumphant.
A sacred tragedy, adapted by Thomas
Brereton from the 'Esther' of Racine,
and printed in 1715. (2) ' Esther,' a sacred
drama by John Collett, was printed in
1806. (3) ' Esther, the Royal Jewess ; or.
The Death of Haman : ' an historical drama
in three acts, by Elizabeth Polack, pro-
duced at the Pavilion Theatre, London,
March 7, 1835, with Mrs. H. Lewis as Esther,
Freer as Hainan, Dibdin Pitt as Ahasuerits,
Cobham as Mordecai, and Mrs. Wingi'ove as
Vaaldi.
Esther Eccles. See Eccles, Esther.
Esth er Sandraz. A play in three acts,
by Sydney Grundy, founded on Adolphe
Belot's ' Ferame de Glace,' and first per-
formed at Chicago, U.S.A., on June 3, 18S9,
with Mrs. Langtry as Esther; produced at
the Prince of Wales's Theatre, London, on
June 11, 1SS9, with Miss Amy Roselle in the
title part, Arthur Dacre as Henri Vandelle,
Fred Terry as Olivier Deschamps, H. Kera-
ble as Fourcanarde, Miss Rose Leclercq as
Mdme. Fourcanarde, Miss E. Leyshon as
Henrietta and C. H. E. Brookfield as Bois-
gommeux; revived at the St. James's Theatre
on May 3, 1890, with Miss Langtry as Esther,
C. Sugden as Vandelle, A. Bourchier as
Deschamps, F. A. Everill as Fourcanarde,
Mrs. C. Calvert as Mdme. Fourcanarde, and
Miss Marion Lea as Henriette; performed
at the Madison Square Theatre, New York,
in January, 1891.
Estie. A character in ' Blue Grass '
(q.v.)-
Estifania. Servant to Donna Marga-
ritta in Beaumont and Fletcher's ' Rule
a Wife and Have a Wife' {q.v.).
Estrangred. A comedy-drama in three
acts, by H. W. Williamson, first performed
at the Globe Theatre, London, August 3,
18S1, with a cast including C. Glenney, C.
Groves, H. Astley, T. P. Haynes, *Miss
Minnie Bell, etc.
Estrella. A comic opera in three acts,
libretto by Walter Parke, music bv Lus-
combe Searelle, produced at the Prince's
Theatre, Manchester, on May 14, 18S3, with
Miss Constance Loseby in the title part, Mrs.
Sallie Turner as Tartarella, Aynsley Cook
as Count Pomjjoso di Vesuvio, G. Temple as
Signor Phylloxera, Arnold Breedon as ,S('^-
nor Lorenzo, and H. De Lange as Major
Doino; performed, with the same cast, at^
the Gaiety Theatre, London, on May 24 in
the same year ; played in the English pro-
vinces in 1884, with a company including
Mdlle. D'Anka (followed by Miss Dora
Wiley), Arnold Breedon, and Georgf<
Temple.
Esty, Alice. Vocalist and actress
born near Boston, U.S.A. ; made her d^bw.
in the United Kingdom, in opera in English-
at Belfast, as Michaela in ' Carmen.' Shi;
was the first representative of Annabel ii
Goring Thomas's ' Golden Web ' (1893). He :
repertory includes Elvira in 'Don Giovanni,-
the Countess in ' Le Nozze de Figaro,' Derthi
in 'Le Prophete,' Rosi7ia in ' H Barbiere
Elsain 'Lohengrin,' Venusin 'Tannhauser,
Juliet in ' Romeo et Juliette,' Desdemo7ia i]
'Otello,'etc.
Ete de St. Martin (L'). See Squir;
Humphrey and AVhite Lie. :
Eternal Masculine (The). A dm
logue by Horace Newte, Terry's Theatr-i
London, March 8, 1898.
Ethais. A fairy, with mortal counte'
part, in Gilbert's ' Wicked World' (q.v.).''
Ethel, Agrnes. Actre.ss ; appeared ii
the following roles at the Fifth Avenue Ih'
atre. New York, between August, 1869, a.v'
March, 1872 -.—Rosie Fanquehere in ' PlaV
Lena in ' Dreams,' and Jessie Bellm ' Dad(!
Gray ' [of all of which she was the fir
representative in America] ; Gilberte in .■
Daly's version of ' Frou-Frou,' and Fernan-',
in his adaptation of Sardou's play [in bov
of which she was the "original"]; OUv
(and afterwards Viola) in 'Twelfth Nigh
Hero in ' Much Ado about Nothing,' Rosa.
in ' She Would and She Would Not,' La\
Priory in ' Wives as they Were,' Constat..
in ' The Love Chase,' Julia in ' The Hunc
back,' Maritana in 'Don C-esar de Baza
and Leonie in ' Checkmate ; or, A Duel '
Love ' {(J.V.). In October, 1872, she appear;
at the Union Square Theatre, New York,
the heroine of Sardou's ' Agnes '(g.r.), whi'
had been written specially for her. "So
afterwards," says an American writer, "s'
married and retired from the stage. S
emerged from that retirement once— Octol ■
4, 1875— to open the Brooklyn Theatre."
Ethel's Ileveng;e. A play in four ac .
adapted by Walter Stephens from Quid;;
novel ' Strathmore,' and first performed i
the Court Theatre, London, on Septembe ,
1876. — ' Ethel's Test : ' a comedietta in t'>
acts, by H. W. Williamson, first perforn I
at the Strand Theatre, London, March j
1883.
ETHELBERTA
EUGENE ARAM
Ethelberta. A character in Jerning-
HAM's ' Siege of Berwick ' (q.v.).
Ethelinda. Niece of Osivald in Hill's
'Athelwold' (q.v.).
Ethelstan; or, The Battle of Bru-
nanburh. A dramatic clironicle in five
acts, by George Darley (q.v.), performed
in 1841. See Athelstan,
Ethelstane. Son of Beltjert in * The
Appeal' (g. I'.).
Ethelswida, in Home's 'Alfred' (q.v.),
is betrothed to the King.
Ethel-wald, in ' A Knack to Know a
Knave' (q.v.), is nephew to King Edgar of
England, who sends him as his proxy to woo
Alfrida. Ethelwald a,n(\. Alfrida, however, fall
in love with each other. Their story is told
in Ravenscroft's ' Edward and Alfrida' (1667),
Rymer's ' Edgar ' (1677), Hill's ' Elfrid '
(1710), and Mason's 'Elfrida' (1752)— all of
which see.
Etherdown, Mrs. A character in Mrs.
Sheridan's ' Dupe ' (q.v.).
Etheregre, G-eorge. Knight, diplo-
matist, and di'amatist, born circa 1634-5 ;
died at Paris, 1690 or 1691 ; was employed
in embassy-work by Charles II. in the
Netherlands and by James II. in Germany.
Marrying a lady of fortune, he was knighted.
He was the author of three comedies—' The
Comical Revenge ; or, Love in a Tub ' (1664),
•She Would if She Could* (166S), and 'The
Man of Mode; or. Sir Fopling Flutter'
(1676)— all of which see. See also Dry den's
Epistle to Etherege (No. IX.), Rochester's
reference to him in 'The Session of the
Poets,' and No. 51 of 'The Spectator'
(Steele) ; likewise, Cienest's ' English Stage,'
the ' Biographia Britannica,' and E. W.
Gosse's ' Seventeenth - Century Studies.'
Editions of the comedies appeared in 1704,
1715, and 1735. The ' Works,' including
plays and poems, were edited by A. W.
Verity, with an introduction, in 1S8S.
"No doubt," says A. W. Ward, " Moli^re
and other French dramatists with whose
works Etherege was familiar had initiated
Mm into the uses of a light and graceful
style. But he not the less deserves credit
for having, as he proceeded, modelled his
diction not on the traditions of the ex-
hausted English stage, but on the conver-
sation of the society in which he lived,
although no doubt animating his dialogue
by more wit than that conversation can be
supposed to have habitually displayed. He
wrote as a man of the world for men and
women of the world, who flocked to his
plays to see themselves in his comic mirror,
and pointed the way to the style of English
comedy of which Congreve afterwards shone
as the acknowledged master" ('English
Dramatic Literature ').
Etliwald. A tragedy in two parts, by
Joanna Baillie (([.v.), printed in 1S02.
Etiquette. A comedy by C E. Howells,
Alexandra Theatre, Walsall, March 1, ISSO.
See English Etiquette.
Etoile (Ti'.) See Merry Monarch
and Stars and Garters.
Eton Boy (Th.e). A farce by Edward
Mortox (q.v.), first performed at Drury
Lane, October 29, 1842, with C. J. Mathews,
Keeley, Mrs. Stirling (Fanny), and Mrs.
Selby in the cast. Fanny masquerades as
her cousin Tom, " the Eton boy."
Etourdi (L')- See Sir Martin Mar-
RALL and School for Guardians.
Etrangrere (L'). A drama in four acts,
by A. Dumas fils (1876), translated by E. L.
Blanchard, and first performed at the
Haymarket Theatre, London, on June 3,
1876, with Miss Helen Barry as Mrs. Clark-
son, Miss H. Hodson as the Duchesse de
Septnionts, Miss Emily Thorne as the Mar-
quise de Rumitres, Miss Blanche Henri as
Mdme. D'Ernelines, Hermann Vezin as the
Due de Septmonts, C. Harcourt as Mr. Clark-
son, H. Howe as Moriceau, and Clifford
Cooper as Dr. Remonin. See American,
The.
Etre aime ou mourir. See Dying
FOR Love.
Euanthe. The heroine of Home's
' Agis'(.7.y.).
Euchred. A play by Charles Vogt,
performed in U.S.A.
Eudemus. A character in Jonson's
'Sejanus' (q-v.).
Eudes. Duke of Aquitaine in Grattan's
'Ben Nazir ' (q.v.)
Eudocia, the Empress in Massinger's
'Emperor of the East' (q.v.), figures also
in Lee's 'Theodosius' (7.^). — Eudocia, in
Hughes's ' Siege of Damascus ' (q.v.), is
daughter of Ewnenes.
Eudora. A tragedy by William Hay-
ley (</.i'.), performed at Covent Garden on
January 29, 1790, with Mrs. Pope in the
title part. " It was coldly received, and
the author would not permit it to be
repeated." It was printed in 1811.
Eudoxia. The Empress in Beaumont
and Fletcher's ' Valentinian' (q.v.).
Eugrene Aram. A romance by Edward,
Lord Lytton, of which there have been
several dramatizations :— (1) A play in three
acts, by W. T. Moncrieff (q.v.), performed
at the Surrey Theatre, with Elton as Aram,
IMrs. W. West as Madeline Lester, Miss
Vincent as Ellinor, C. Hill as Houseman,
Cobham as Walter Lester. Vale as Corporal
Bunting, Dibdin Pitt as Squire Courtland,
R. Honner as Liptrai). "Mr. Lytton Bul-
wer, who was in the boxes at the Surrey
on the first night of the performance,
testified in no equivocal manner his appro-
bation of the players and the piece " (George
Daniel). (2) ' The Fate of Eugene Aram : '
a drama in three acts and in verse, by W.
G. Wills ((/.v.). fii'st performed at the Ly-
ceum Theatre, London, on April 19, 1S73,
with Henry Irving in the title part, E. F.
EUGENE ONIEGIN
470
EUSTACHE BAUDIX
Edgar as ixu'/iarcZ Houseman, W. H. Stephens
as Parson Meadows, F. W. Irish as Jowell
(a gardener), Miss Willa Brown as Joey (his
son), and Miss Isabel Bateman as Euth
Meadou's; revived at the Lyceum in June,
1879, with H. Irving in the title part, and
Miss Ellen Terry as Muth Meadows; first
performed in America at Chicago on Janu-
ary 14, 1885, with H. Irving in the title
part and Miss Ellen Terry as Ruth. " The
plot of Mr. Wills differed widely from that
of Buhver Lytton's novel. Here Eugene
falls in love with Ruth Meadows, the
daughter of the Vicar of Knaresborongh ;
is taxed by Houseman, in the vicar's parlour,
with the murder of Clarke ; confesses his
guilt to Ruth, in the churchyard of Knares-
borongh, and dies in her arms." (3) A drama
by A. Faucquez, produced at the Standard
Theatre, London, on July 21, 1879, with
Afred Rayner as Houseman and Alice Ray-
ner as Sladeline. (4) A play by Paul
Kester and Walker Whiteside, first
perfornied at the Academy of Music, Xew
Orleans. See After All (Addenda).
Eugrene Onieg-in. An opera in three
acts, music by Peter Tchaikovsky, first per-
formed with an English libretto (by H.
and Mrs. Sutherland Edwards) at the
Olympic Theatre, London, on October 17,
1892.
Eugenia. (1) A tragedy by Dr. Philip
Francis, adapted from a French tragi-
comedy by Mdme. Grafigny, and acted at
Drury Lane in 1752, with David Garrick as
Merc'our, the villain of the piece, and r^Iiss
Bellamy as the heroine. (2) A tragedy by
Samuel Hayes and Robert Carr, printed
m 1766.
Eug-enia. The name of characters in
(1) Massinger's ' Duke of Milan,' (2) Shir-
ley's 'Bird in a Cage,' (3) Cobb's ' Wife of
Two Husbands,' (4) ' Sigesmar,' and (5)
'The Foundling of the Forest.'
Eiig-enia Claircille ; or, Tlie New-
Eound. Home. A domestic drama in
three acts, by TOM Parry, first performed
at the Adelpiii Theatre, London, on Septem-
ber 17, 1846, witli :Mdme. Celeste in the title
part, Mrs. F. INIatthews, "O." Smith, P.
Bedford, Maynard, etc.
ETig-enie. A one-act play by Dion Bou-
CICAULT {q.i-.), first performed at Drury
Lane Theatre, London, on .January 1, 1855,
with ]\Iiss Marriott in the title part.
Eug-enie Le Tour. A play adapted
by Eva Mountford from a drama by
Frederic Soulie, and first performed at the
People's Theatre, New York, in August,
1890, with the authoress in the title part.
Eugenie, Sir Dauphine. Nephew
of Morose in JONSON's ' Epicoene ' (^.i;.).
Eumenes. (1) A commander in Lee's
'Rival Queens ' (g.v.). (2) Governor of Da-
mascus in Hughes's ' Siege of. Damascus '
iq.V.).
Eunice and Bel Loriraer. A dual role
in Meritt and Rowe's ' NewBabylon' {q.v.).
Eunomia. A character in Shirley'8
' Triumph of Peace ' {,q.v.).
Eunuch (The). A comedy by Terence
translated by Richard Bernard (1598)
Thomas Newman (1627), Charles Hoole
(1663), L. Echard (1694), T. Cooke (1734).
S. Patrick (1745), Gordon (1752), G. Colman
(1765). (2) A comedy, translated from Te-
rence by L'ESTRANGE and Echard, and
performed at Drury Lane in July, 1717. (3)
A farce by Thomas Cooke, adapted from
the ' Eunuchus ' of Terence and the ' Miles
Gloriosus ' of Plautus, and performed at
Drury Lane in 1737, with Leigh in the title
part and Macklin as Captain Brag (Thraso).
See Bellamira (1687), Fatal Contrast
(1653), and LovE AND Revenge (1675).
Euphrasia. (1) Daughter of Loi-d
Dion, disguised as a page under the name
of BeUario, in Beaumont and Fletcher's
' Philaster ' (q.v.). (2) The " Grecian Daugh-
ter " in A, Murphy's play so named {q.v.).
Euphronia. The heroine of Van-
brughs ' .Esop ' (q.v.).
Euphronius. An ambassador in
Shakespeare's 'Antony and Cleopatra'
(q.v.).
Euphrosyne. A character in Daltox's
arrangement of Milton's ' Comus' (q.v.).
Eureka. A play by Fred 3Iarsdex,
performed in U.S.A.
Eurydice. (1) A tragedy by David
Mallet (q.v.), produced at Drury Lane in
1731, with Mrs. Porter as the heroine. Mills
as Periander (her husband. King of Corinth),
Marshall as Procles (Tyrant of Epidaurus),
etc. (see Periander) ; revived there in
1759, when Garrick was Periander, Havard
Procles, and Mrs. Cibber Eurydice. (2) A
farce by Henry Fielding (q.v.), performed
at Drury Lane in 1737, and received un-
favourably. (3) ' Eurydice Hiss'd ; or, A
Word to the Wise,' by Fielding, performed
at the Haymarket in 1737, had reference to
the public condemnation of his ' J^urydice.'
(4) ' Eurydice ; or, Little Orpheus and his
Lute : ' a' burlesque by H. J. Byron (q.v.),
produced at the Strand Theatre on April
24, 1871, with Miss Jenny Lee as Orplteus,
Harry Paulton as Arista-us, E. Terry as
Pluto, Kinghorne as Cerberus, Miss Bella
Goodall as Charon, Miss Rose CuUen as
Apollo, and Miss Amy Sheridan as Pro-
serpine. (5) ' Eurydice :' an adaptation by
W. F. Vandervell of Offenbach's 'Or-
pheus aux Enfers ' (q.v.), first performed at
the National (Holborn) Amphitheatre, Lon-
don, on October 11, 1893, with Signora Arco
as Eurydice, Miss A. Beauclerc as Orpheus, ■
Miss L. Marshall as Mercury, E. Rosenthal
as Pluto, and Miss Kate Yaughan as leader
of the ballet.— See Orpheus and Eurydice;
Orpheus in the Haymarket.
Eustache Baudin. A drama in three
acts, by John Courtney (q.v.), first per-'
formed at the Surrey Theatre, January 30, ,
1854, with Creswick in the title part, and'
other roles by Shepherd, E. D. Lyons, T. H. •
«?
P
I
EVA
EVENING'S INTRIGUE
I
Higgle, H. Widdicomb, Miss Clayton, Miss
S. Tliorne, etc.
Eva. See Claire.
Eva. The child in dramatizations of
•Uncle Tom's Cabin' (q.v.), and the central
figure of ' The Death of Eva,' a play pro-
duced at Sadler's Wells, April, 1857, with
Cordelia Howard as IJva.
Evadne. Sister of Melantius in Beau-
mont and Fletcher's ' Maid's Tragedy '
{q.v.). "The character of Evadne — hex
naked, unblushing impudence, the mixture
of folly with vice, her utter insensibility to
any motive but her own pride and inclina-
tion, her heroic superiority to any signs of
shame or scruples of conscience from a re-
collection of what is due to herself or
others— are," says Hazlitt," well described."
Evadne ; or, The Statue. A tragedy
in three acts, by EiciLVRD Lalor Shi el
(q.v.), first performed at Covent Garden on
February lu, 1819, with :Miss O'Neill in the
title part, Macready as Ludovico, C. Kemble
as Vicentio, Young as Colonna, Abbott as
the Kinc/ of Niqdes, and Mrs. Faucit as
Olivia. For the plot, Shiel acknowledges
some debt to 'The Traitor' (g.v.). Evadne
is sister to Colonna, and in love with, and
beloved by, Viccntiu. Ludovico is the royal
favourite, but disloyal to the monarch,
whom he desires to replace. Olivia is in
love with Vicentio. The King makes an
attempt on Evadne's honour, but desists
after she has draAvn his attention to the
statue of her father, by wliom tlie King's
life has been saved. Concealed behind tlie
statue, the King overhears Ludovico'g con-
fession of disloyalty. Colonna kills Ludo-
vico, and Evadne and Vicentio are united.
The play was performed at Sadler's "Wells
in November, 1845, with G. Bennett, H.
Marston, and Mis. Warner in the principal
characters. It was revived at the St.
James's Theatre, London, on the afternoon
of INIarch 19, 1887, with Mrs. C. M. Kae as
the heroine, C. ]M. York as the King, H.
Neville as Colonna, L. Waller as Ludovico,
Forbes Dawson as Vicentio, and Miss Grace
Arnold as Olivia. The play was performed
at Booth's Theatre, New York, in May,
1875, with Miss Clara Morris in the title
character ; at Louisville, Kentucky, in Feb-
ruary, 1876, with ISIiss Mary Anderson as
Evadne. Colonna was one of G. V. Brooke's
parts.
Evandale, Lord, in Farley's ' Battle
of BothwellBrigg'Cg.r.).
Evander. The deposed King in
Murphy's 'Grecian Daughter' {q.v.).
Evang-eline. (1) A burlesque of the
poem by Longfellow, written (it is said) by
John Brougham and others, and first per-
formed at Daly's Theatre, New York, in 1877,
with Miss Eliza Weathersby as Gabriel, W.
H. Crane as Leblanc, Harry Hunter as "the
loneti>herman " (characterized by Lawrence
Button as "one of the most droll and
original dramatic conceptions of modern
times"), and G. H. Knight and R. S. C.
Goodwin in other rdles. This piece has been
represented in America over five thousand
times. It M'as performed by an American
company at the Royal Court Theatre, Liver-
pool, in June, 1883, and revived at Four-
teenth Street Theatre New York, in Oc-
tober, 1885, with Miss Irene Verona in the
title part and J. A. Mackay as Leblanc. (2)
A burlesque in two acts, libretto by G.
Cheever Goodwin, music by E E. Rice,
Garden Theatre, New York, October, 1896.
— Mrs. Bateman {q.v.) wrote a drama on the
subject of Longfellow's poem. See Erratic
Evangeline.
Evans, Sebastian. Co-author, with
Frank Evans, of a translation of Pailleron'.s
'Le Monde oii Ton s'Ennuie' called 'Cul-
ture' {q.v.).
Evans, Sir Hug-h. A Welsh parson
in ' The Merry Wives of Windsor ' {q.v.).
Evanthe. Wife of Valerio in Flet-
cher's ' Wife for a Mont'i ' {q.v.).
Eve. A drama in three acts, adapted
by Benjamin Webster, jun., from the
'Gabrielle' of Augier {q.v.), and produced
at the Adelphi Theatre, London, on May
31, 1869, with Miss Furtado in the title
part, and other rdles by B. Webster. H.
Neville, J. G. Taylor, and Mrs. Alfred
Mellon.
Eve. One of the heroines of H. F.
CiiORLEY's 'Old Love and New Fortune'
{q.v.).
Eve of Marriage (The). See Great
Tkmi'tation, a.
Evelina. The heroine of Mason's-
'Caractacus' {q.v.).
Eveline, Lady. Wife of Sir Walter
Ain.i/ott in LovELL's 'Wife's Secret'
{q.v.). (2) Eveline is the heroine of Lord
Lvlton's 'Rightful Heir' {q.v.).
Evelyn, Alfred. The hero of Lord
Lytton's ' Money ' {q.v.). " To the part of
Evelyn," says Lady Pollock, " Macready
gave a distinction of manner and an eleva-
tion of character whiclj lent a particular
interest to the play."
Evelyn, John. Miscellaneous writer^
born 16-iO, died 170G ; author of a 'Diary,'
edited by Bray in 1818 and by John Forster
iu 1857, in which there are many references
to the stage of his day. He appears to have
written some plays, which he read to Pepys,
and which that brother-diarist thought
" very good," though not so good as their
author conceived them to be.
Evening- Dress, by W. D. Howells,
was first performed at the Empire Theatre,
New York, March 27, 1894.
Evening-'s Intrig-ue (An). A
comedy, translated by Captain .John
Stevens from the Spanish, and printed in
1709.
EVENING'S LOVE
472 EVERY MAN IN HIS HUMOUR
Evening-'s Love (An) ; or, The
Mock Astrolog-er. A comedy adapted
by John Dryden (g.r.) from T. Corneille's
'Le Feint Astrologue ' (itself taken from
Calderon), with some obligations to ' Le
Depit Amoureux' of Moliere ; performed
at the Theatre Koyal in 16G8, and printed
in 1671 with the following' cast :— Hart as
Wildblood, Mohun as Bella my, Shatterel as
Maskal (their servant), Wintershall as Don
Alonzo, Burt as Don Lopez, Nell Gwynn as
Jacinta, Mrs. Bowtell as Theodosia, Mrs.
Quin (and afterwards Mrs. Marshall) as
Aurelia, Mrs. Knepp as Beatrix.
Ever Faitliful. A drama in five acts,
by Edward Darbev, Hastings, July, 1S;5 ;
Holborn Theatre, London, January 4, 1SS6.
Everard, Edward Cape. Actor,
born 1755 ; author of ' Memoirs of an Un-
fortunate Son of Thespis, being a sketch of
the Life of Edward Cape Everard, comedian,
twenty-three years of the Theatre Royal,
Drury Lane ' (1818).
Everard, Harriette Emily [Mrs.
Darley Beswicke]. Vocalist and actress,
born 1814, died 1882 ; made her professional
dJbut at Exeter in 1860. She was in the
original cast of ' Princess Primrose ' at the
Olympic Theatre, London, in litWj. Among
other parts played by her in London were
Mrs. Major de Boots in 'The Widow Hunt'
(1875) and Mrs. 0' Kelly in ' The Shauglnaun '
(1875). She was the first representative of
Little BiMercupin 'U.^l.S.I'inaifore' {Opeva
Comique, 1878).
Everdene, Bathsheba. The heroine
of Hardy and Carr's ' Far from the Mad-
ding Crowd' (q.v.).
Evergreen. (1) A comedy in two acts,
by AV. H. Pollock, adapted from 'Le
R(^veil du Lion* of MM. Jaime and Bayard,
and first performed at the Haymarket The-
atre, London, on August 9, 1884, with C.
Brookfield as Stanislas de FonUanche. See
ROLSED Lion. (2) A play by Mrs. Burton
Harrison, first performed at the Schiller
Theatre, Chicago, October 9, 1893.
Everg-reen, Sir William, is one of
the 2)ersonce in BUCKSTONE'S ' Rough Dia-
mond' (g.«.). — Adonis and Dick Ecergreen
are father and son in C. J. Mathews's
'My Awful Dad' (7. r.).
Everill, Frederick Aug-nstus.
Actor, born 1829, died Felnniary, 1900 ; made
his professional debut afRxde, Isle of Wisht,
July 12, 1852, as Baron 'Steinfort in ' The
Stranger.' He began his London career in
June, 1870, at the Haymarket, appearing as
Felix Trimmer in ' A Cure for Love ' Later
in the same year he was the original Chriisal
in 'ThePalace of Truth '(7. r.). InlsTlatthe
same theatre he appeared as Tmichxtonp ;
in 1878 he was seen there as .SV>- Tuhii Belch.
During an engagement with Miss Litton in
1879-81 he played Boniface in 'The Beaux'
Stratagem' (Imperial), and Lofty in 'The
Good-natured Man ' (Gaiety). He was in the
first casts of the following (and other) plays :
— ' The Lord of the Manor ' (1880), ' Enemies *
(1886), ' Lady Barter ' (1891), ' Agatha Tvlden*
(1892), ' Bogey ' (1895), and ' The Only' Way '
(1899). Between 1882 and 1891 he was seen
in London as Adam in 'As You Like It,'
Enobarbas in ' Antony and Cleopatra,' Sir
Oliver Surface, Colonel Damas, Dr. Sutcliffe
(in ' School '), and other standard rdles.
Eversfield, Henry. Actor, died 1896;
played Ralph Backstraicin the 'Children's
' ' Pinafore " Company ' at the Opdra Comique,
London, in 1879, and on tour in 1880. Among
the characters of which he was subsequently
the first representative were Jemmy in
'Nita's First' (1883), Cis Farringdon in
' The Schoolmistress ' (1885), Reginald Paul-
over in ' The Magistrate (1S86), lAeut. Darby
in 'Dandy Dick' (1887), and Dick Hammond
in ' The Derby Winner ' (1894). In 1888-9
he was in America, where he was in the first
cast of ' A Gold Mine' {q.v.).
Everyman. A "treatise how the hye
fader of heven sendeth dethe to somon
every creature to come and gyve a counte
of theyr lyves in this worlde, and is in maner
of a morall playe ; " printed apparently
several times between 1500 and 1537 ; re-
printed in Hawkins' ' Origin of the English
Drama,' in Hazlitt's edition of Dodsley's
Plays, and in 1902 with preface by F. Sidg-
wick. See also the edition of Goedeke
(Hanover, 1865), and Ward's 'English
Dramatic Literature' (1899). It was per-
formed, under the auspices of the Eliza-
bethan Stage Society, at the Charterhouse,
London, on July 13, 1901, with Miss Douglas
Reynolds as Everyman, and at the Imperial
Theatre, London, in June and July, 1902.
It was afterwards represented in the United
States by a company headed by Miss Edith
Wynne Matthison.
Every Man for Himself. A drama
in five acts, by May Holt (Mrs. Fairbairn),
first performed at Great Yarmouth on June
22, 1885, and produced at the Pavilion
Theatre, London, on October 24 in that
year.
Every Man in his Humour. A
comedy in five acts (and a prologue), by Ben
JONSON {q.v.), first performed in 1598 at the
Globe Theatre and by "the Lord Chamber-
lain's servants," including Shakespeare,
Burbage, Condell, Hemings, Kemp, A.
Phillips, W. Sly, T. Pope, C. Beeston, and
J. Duke. Proving a success, the play was
printed and published in 1601. " This first
version, however, was Italian-scened, and
Italian-charactered as far as names went.
Our present version was first published in
the folio of 1616, and, as shown by internal
evidence, was written about or in 1606.
Besides that the scene is changed to
England, and the characters are English-
named, many of the speeches are altered,
some omitted, and some added, the acts
and scenes re-arranged, and some of the
latter transposed" (Brinsley Nicholson).
According to Downes, the comedy was
revived at the Theatre Royal between
1663 and 1682. It was again revived " with
EVERY MAN IN HIS HUMOUR 473 EVERY ONE HAS HIS FAULT
alterations," at Lincoln's Inn Fields in
January, 1725, with Hippesleyas Kitely, Hall
as Bohadil, Spiller as JJrainuonn, W. Bullock
as Stephen, Quin and Ryan as Knoivell, sen,
and jun., Walker as Wellbred, Bullock as
Clement, Egleton as Marwit, Hulett as
Downright, Mrs. Bullock as Mrs. Kitely,
Mrs. Moffet as Clara, and ^Mrs. Butcher as
Lucinda. In November, 1751, Garrick pro-
duced the piece at Drury Lane, fitting it with
a new prologue, and himself playing Kitely
to the Bohadil of Woodward, the Brainivorm
of Yates, the Stephen of Shuter, the old
Knowell of Berry, the Wellbred of Palmer,
the Matthew of Vaughan, the Doivnriyht of
Winstone, the Mrs. Kitely of Mrs. Ward, and
the Tib of Mrs. Cross. See the accounts of
the performance given by Davies, Murphy,
and Wilkinson. Revivals took place sub-
sequently at Covent Garden, October, 1762,
with Smith as Kitely ; Drury Lane, October,
1767, with King as Bobadil, Dodd as Stephen,
Baddeley as Brainivorm, and Mrs. Baddeley
as Mrs Kitely ; at Drury Lane, January,
1778, with Henderson as Bobadil; at Covent
Garden, October, 1779, with Wroughton as
Kitch/, Lee Lewes as Bobadil, and Mrs.
Bulkt'ley as Mrs. Kitely ; at the same
theatre, May, 1798, with Ilolman as Kitely,
Munden as Clonrnt ; at the same theatre,
December, 1800, with Cooke as Kitely ["con-
sidered his best character after Jayo"],
Fawcett as Bobadil, INIuiiden as Brain-
worm, and Emery as Clemmt ; at Drury
Lane, December, 1802, with Bannister, jun.,
as Bobadil. R. I'almer as Braintcorm, and
Suett as Cliiiient ; at the same theatre in
June, 1816, witli E(hnund Kean as Kitely,
Ilarley as Bobmlil, Oxberry as Stephen,
Wallack as Wellbred, etc. ; and at Covent
Garden, May, 1825, with Young as Kitely,
W. Farren as Brainivorm, Keeley :ts
Mattliew, Blanchard as Clement, and .Mrs.
Chatterley as Mrs. Kitely. In Septeml)er,
1845, a private performance of ' Every Man
in his Humour' was given in Miss Kelly's
Theatre, Soho, under the direction of
Charles Dickens i<].v.), who himself played
Bobadil, supported in the other parts "by
Douglas Jerrold, John Forster, Mark Lemon,
G. k Beckett, John Leech, Frank Stone, etc.
The success of this representation "speedily
led to a repetition, and afterwards to many
other performances for public and charitable
objects." [See Mrs. Cowden Clarke's ' Re-
collections of Writers.'] "'Every Man in
his Humour,'" says A. W. Ward, "is justly
recognized by most critics as a work which
is not only one of the happiest efforts of its
author, but also holds a place peculiar to
itself in our dramatic literature. It may,
in a word, be regarded as the first important
comedy of character proper produced on the
English stage. ... A further literary signi-
ficance attaches to it from the fact "that a
large proportion of it is in prose, for which
Jonson, following the example of Lyly, thus
asserted a right on the comic stage Avhich
was in the end to become a prerogative. . . .
Taking advantage of the prevailing fancy
for applying the terra ' humour' to oddities
or novelties of conduct, manners, or fashion,"
Jonson " with the help of this word classifies
a series of dramatic figures whose mental or
moral characteristics, themselves decisively
marked, stand out still more distinctly by
the force of contrast. The plot which holds
the action together is indeed slight— perhaps
too slight — but it serves ; and, so far as has
been ascertained, it is perfectly original"
(' English Dramatic Literature ').
Every Man out of his Humour.
A comedy in five acts (with an induction
and an epilogue), by Ben Jonson (q.v.),
first performed in 1599 at the Globe and by
the Lord Chamberlain's company [see above].
" On one occasion Queen Elizabeth honoured
its performance by her jjresence, and Jonson
took the opportunity to alter the epilogue
to one highly panegyrical, with which her
Majesty appears to have been duly pleased"
(Nicholson). The play was printed and
published in 1601. It was revived, with a
prologue and epilogue written by Duffet,
at the Theatre Royal in 1675, and again in
1682. Dr. A. W. Ward says of the comedy :
" Some of their author's peculiar merits as
a dramatist shine at least as conspicuously
in ' Every Man out of his Humour ' as in its
predecessor ; and from both a biographical
and a critical point of view the later play
may perhaps lay claim to even superior
interest. . . . The central idea of the play
may be termed a philosophical one : viz.
that every humour is curable by its own
excess. ... In the Induction, designed
to make clear tlie author's standpoint to
the audience, he introduces a poet, Afsper,
who discourses on his aims as a writer ;
and we are likewise made acquainted with
two critics, Cordatus and Mitis, who accom-
pany the entire progress of the play with
a running comment of observations. The
action of the play itself is slight, but suf-
ficient for its purpose. . . . The strength of
the play, of course, lies in the characters.
All these are drawn to the life, so that the
whole presents a picture of manners as well
as of character unsurpassed in its vivacity
and truthfulness." From Asper in this play
we receive Jonson's definition of the word
" humour " as used by him —
" When some one peculiar quality
Doth so possess a man that it doth draw
All his effects, his spirits, and his powers,
In their confluxions, all to run one way.
This may be truly said to be a humour."
Every One has his Fault. A comedy
in five acts, by Mrs. Inchbald, first per-
formed at Covent Garden on January 29,
1793, with Farren as Lord Xorland, Mrs.
Pope as Lady Eleanor Jriviu, Pope as Irwin,
Lewis as ,SiV Robert Ramble, Mrs. Esten as
Miss Woobnrn, Munden as Harmony, Quick
as Solus, Fawcett as Placid, ^Irs. Mattocks
as Mrs. Placid, and Mrs. Webb as Miss
Spinster. Lord Norland is angry with his
daughter Eleanor for marrying Irwin, but
is eventually reconciled to both. Sir Robert
marries Miss Wooburn, is false to her, is
divorced from her, and in the end marries
her again. The authoress received £700
for the copyright of this piece, which was
I
EVERY WOMAN IN HER HUMOUR 474
EXCELSIOR
revived at Drury Lane Theatre in 1842, with
S. Phelps as Lord Xorlaml, and at Sadler's
Wells in 1S45, with H. Marston and Mrs.
Warner in the principal parts.
Every "Woman in lier Humour. (1)
An anonymous comedy, printed in 1609. (2)
A farce in two acts, performed at Urury
Lane in March, 1760, with Kitty Clive (to
whom the authorship has been ascribed) in
the principal role, supported by :\Iiss :Mack-
lin, Miss Pritchard, King, Yates, Moody, etc.
See Genest.
Everybody Mista^ken. A farce by
William Taverner {q.v-), performed at
Lincoln's Inn Fields in March, 1706.
Everybody's Friend. A comedy in
three acts, by Stirling Coyne {q.v.), first
performed at the Haymarket Theatre, Lon-
don, on April 2, 1859, with J. B. Buckstone
as Major Welliiu/tou de Boots, C. J. Mathews
as Feiix Featherly, H. Comptou as Frank
Jcehrook, Mrs. C J. Mathews as Mrs.
Featherly, Mrs. Wilkins as Mrs. De Boots,
and Miss Reynolds as 3[rs. Swansdoicn
(a widow). Henry ^Nlorley then described
the piece as consisting mainly of original
variations upon ;Murphy's ' Way to Keep
Him' (q.v.). Rewritten, with the part of
the Major strengthened for J. S. Clarke,
the piece was produced at the Haymarket
in October, 1867, under the title of 'The
Widow Hunt' (q.v.), and with Clarke in the
part which he had elaborated in America.
' Everybody's Friend ' was performed at the
Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York, in Novem-
ber, 1869, with J. Lewis as the Major, and
again in 1872 and 1874.
Everybody's Husband. A farce in
one act, adapted by Richard Ryan from
' Le Mari de Toutes Jes Femmes,' and per-
formed at the Queen's Theatre, London,
in February, 1831, with a cast including
Green in the title part (Alexis Tu-isselton),
and Mrs. Glover as a boarding-house mis-
tress with histrionic aspirations.
Everyday TMan (An). A play by
Marguerite Meringtox, performed in
U.S.A.
EveryounR-, Sir John. A character
in Sedley'S ' :\Iulberry Garden ' (q. v.).
Evesson, Isabella. Actress; was
seen at Boston, U.S.A., in 1SS7-8 as ifolly
Van Derveer in 'The Dominic's Daughter,'
Mrs. Mildmay in ' Still Waters Run Deep,'
Dora in ' Diplomacy,' the heroine of Bu-
chanan's ' Sophia,' Sheha in ' Dandy Dick,'
etc.
Eviction (Tbe). A drama in three
acts. In Hubert O'Grady, first performed
at Glasgow in .January, ISSO : produced at
the Standard Theatre on August 9 of the
same year.
Evil Eye (The). (1) A play by R. B.
PEAKE(<;?.r.), produced at the Olympic The-
atre, London, 1841-44. (2) A comic opera.
performed at Theatre Royal, Leicester on
April 21, 1876.
Evil G-enius (The). (1) A comedv by
Bayle Bernard (q.v.), first performed at
the Haymarket Theatre, London, on 3Iarch
8, 1856, with W. H. Chippendale as Uill
Cooler, J. B. Buckstone as Tom Ripstom,
H. Compton as Joe Withers, Miss Reynolds
as Lady Aurora Ringivood, and Miss Swan-
borough as Clara Fielding. (2) A drama
in five acts, by Wilkie Collins (q.v.), first
performed at the Vaudeville Theatre, Lon-
don, on October 30, 1885.
Evil May Day (The); or, The
London 'Prentices of 1517- A melo-
drama in two acts, by W. S. Emden (q.v.),
founded on historic fact, and first performed
at the City of London Theatre, May 1, 1837.
with Mrs. Emden as Margery.
Ewald, Alexander Charles. Mis-
cellaneous writer ; edited, with notes, the
plays of Congreve (1887). and, with memoir
and notes, the plays of Farquhar (1892).
Examiner of Plays (The). An
employe in the office of the Lord Chamber-
lain, by whom the appointment to the post
is made, and to whom alone the Examiner
is responsible. The first occupant of the
position seems to have been a Mr. Larpent.
who, after performing the duties for nearly
twenty years, was followed, in 1824, by
George Colman the younger (q. v.). Colman,
dying in 1S36, was succeeded by Charles
Kemble (<?.r.), "who, strange to say, while
holding that appointment returned" to the
stage for a short season and performed cer-
tain of his celebrated characters " (Dutton
Cook). Resigning the post in 1840, he was
followed by his son, John Mitchell Kerable,
who died in 1857. The "examining of
plays " had really been done, since 1849, by
William Bodham Donne (author of ' Essays
upon the Drama,' 1853), who now became
sole and recognized examiner, holding the
office till his death in 1862. After him came
Edward Smyth Pigott, who died in 1895,
and was succeeded by his assistant, George
Alexander Redford. See Dutton Cook's
' Book of the Play ' (1876).
Example (The). A comedy by jAME.'i
Shirley (q.v.), licensed in 1634 and printed
in 1637. The " example " is that shown by
Lady Peregrine, who is suspected by her
husband (Sir Walter) of infidelity with Lord
Fitzavarice, but whose innocence is trium-
phantly established. Dr. A. W. Ward de-
.scribes the piece as " strikingly original in
its plot, and distingTiished at the same time
by the very direct and effective manner in
which it e'nforces the moral of its story"
(' English Dramatic Literature ').
Excelsior. A ballet in eleven tableaux,
invented by M. Manzotti, composed by M.
Marcinco, and first produced in London at
Her ]VIaiesty's Theatre, London, on May 22,
1885.—' Excelsior, Jun. : ' a play by R. A.
Barnett and G. L. Tracy, performed iu
U.S.A.
EXCHANGE NO ROBBERY
475
EXIT BY MISTAKE
Exch,ang:e no Robbery. A comedy
in three acts, by Theodore E. Hook, first
performed at the Haymarket Theatre,
August 12, 1820, with Terry as Sir Christo-
pher Cranberry, AVilliams as Swipes, Liston
as Sam Siorpes, and Mrs. Mardyn and INIrs.
Gibbs in other parts. " For the leading
incident the author was indebted to the
play of ' He Would be a Soldier,' written by
Frederick Pilon [q.v.]. The plot turns on
a roguish publican palming his own son, a
gross, illiterate savage, on ,S'//- Christopher
Cranberr)/, a passionate, fault-finding, fasti-
dious old gentleman, as the child whom he
(Sir ChristojJier) had committed to the care
of the said publican."
Exchange "Wear. See Band, Cuff,
AM) Rui F.
Excise. A " tragi-comical " ballad opera
in three acts, printed in 1T33.— 'Tbe Excise-
man,' a farce by Henry Knapp, was per-
formed at Covent Garden on October 19,
1780.
Excommunicated Prince (The) ;
or, The False Reliqtie. A tragedy by
Captain William Jii:i>i,(»K, written maiidy
in rhymed verse, and printed in 1G7D. "The
whole of it is a satire on the Church and
doctrines of Rome " (Genest).
Excursion Train (The). A farcical
comedv in three acts, adapted bv JrsTiN
H. M'Carthv, :m.P., and W. Yardlev
from ' liC TYain de Plaisir ' of Alfred Henne-
quiii, Arnold Mortier, and Albert de Saint
All)in, and first performed at the Oi)era
Comiciue Theatre, London, April 6, 188;'),
with a cast including Jlavid James, F. W.
Irish, W. Scott Buist, E. W. Gardiner, W.
Lestucq, Miss Cicely Richards, Miss Lucy
Buckstone, and Miss Helen Forsyth.
Executioner (The). A drama in three
acts, adapted l>y T. J. Thackeray from the
Frencii of Pixcreconrt, and performed at
the Coburg 'J'lieatre, London, in ls2S.
Executioner's Daug-hter (The). A
play in one act, by Alicia Ramsey and
Rudolph de Cordova, Gaiety Theatre,
Hastings, April 6, 1S96 ; produced at the
Royalty Theatre, London, on April 16, 1S06,
as ' Monsieur de Paris,' Mith Miss Violet
Vanbrugh in the title part (Jacinta), and
other roles by Mrs. H. Leigh, H. Vibart, and
M. Kinghorne.
Exeter. The theatrical history of this
city ajipears to have begun in 1749, when a
playhouse of some sort was erected in
Waterbeer Street. In connection with the
career of this building the names of William
Dowton (q.v.) and of J. Foote (the father of
Maria Foote, q.L\) are mentioned ; but little
else is recorded of it. In October, 17S7, a
new theatre was opened in Bedford Circus,
under the management of Hughes and Tre-
raan. Of its first season the "stars" were
Stephen Kemble and his wife ; in 1789-90
it was dignified by a visit from Mrs. Siddons,
then in the heyday of her powers. In 1794
Huglies gave way to a 3Ir. Barrett, but re-
turned to management in 1796. In ISOO
he again retired, this time in favour of a
Mr. Sandford, but before long once more
re.sumed his old position. Master Betty
played an engagement in 180.5, and in 1806
Charles Kemble and his wife were seen.
In 1811 Edmund Kean, then only twenty-
three, made so favourable impression upon
the Exeter public that he was promptly
engaged for three years, during which he
undertook a long series of leading roles.
Leaving Exeter in 1814, Kean came back to
it in 1816 as a " star." He was followed, in
the course of the next few years, by Maria
Foote and Miss O'Neil. Towards the end
of 1819 the theatre was reconstructed and
redecorated, only to fall a victim to fire in
the following March. It was replaced by a
new building in January, 1821. In June,
1823, Hughes retired from the direction,
taking a farewell benefit, at which Dowton
appeared. The year 1824 was made memor-
able by Macready's first professional visit to
the city. See W. Cotton's 'Story of the
Drama' in Exeter.
Exile (The). (1) A "melo-dramatic
opera" in three acts, words by Frederick
Reynolds, music by Mazzinghi, performed
at the Haymarket in November, 1808, with
Mrs. H. Johnston as Alexina, Pope as Count
Ulrick, Young as Daran, and Munden,
Liston, Mrs. Gibbs, etc., in other roles.
This piece was founded on ' Elizabeth,' a
novel by Mdme. Cottin. It has for heroine
Alexina, tlie daughter of Count Ulrick, who
has been banished for State reasons to
Sil)eria. Alexina, journeying to Moscow
to l)eg for the Count's pardon, is protected
on the way by an Indian, calling himself
Daran. She secures the pardon, but, owing
to circumstances, is forced into a marriage
with Daran, who, however, happily proves
to be her lover, Romanoff, in disguise. The
play has been performed' of late years under
the title of ' The Exiles of Siberia,' which
was revived at the Adelphi in March, 1874,
with -Miss Genevieve Ward as Alexina. (2)
A drama in three acts, by J. Holmes
Grove R, Elephant and Castle Theatre,
London, August 9, 1879.
Exiles of Erin (The); or, St. Abe
and his Seven Wives. A (hama of
Mormon life, in four acts and seven tableaux,
by Robert Buchanan (7.1-.% first performed
at the Olympic Theatre, London, Mav 7,
1881, with a cast including Miss Harriett
Jay, Miss Letty Lind, W. Reimund, W.
Mclntyre, H. St. Maur, S. Calhaem, etc.—
' The Exile of Erin : ' a play by Arthur
Treloar, performed in U.S.A.
Exiles of Siberia (The). A plav bv
SCOTT Marble, performed in f.S.A. See
Exile, Theci).
Existence Decoloree (Une). See
Blighted Being.
Exit by Mistake. A comedy in three
acts, by R. F. Jameson, performed at the
Haymarket in July, 1816.
I
EXPERIMENT
476
EZEKIEL
Experiment (The). (1) A comedy in
two acts, ascribed to Charlvs Stvart, and
performed at Covent Garden in April, 1777.
(2) A farce by Charles Murray, printed
in 1779.
Expiation. (1) A play in three acts,
by James Mortimer, first performed at
Grover's Theatre, Washington, U.S.A., De-
cember, 1865. (2) A drama in a prologue
and three acts, by E. Manuel, Britannia
Theatre, London, June 5, 1876.
Exposition (The). A " Scandinavian
sketch, containing as much irrelevant
matter as possible," in one act, by Shirley
BROOK.S ((7. r.), first performed at the Strand
Theatre, London, on April 28, 1851, with
John Reeve and J. Rogers as Thor and
Balder respectively, Romer as Heimdall,
Mrs. C. Horsman as Freya, Miss M. Taylor
as Snowtm.
Extractio Animarum ab Inferno.
One of the Towneley Plays (q.i\).
Extraordinary Behaviour of Mrs.
Jallowby (The). A farcical comedy in
three acts, by Clive Brooke, Novelty The-
atre, London, December IS, 1896.
Extreraes; or, Men of the Day.
A comedy in three acts, by Ed:\iund
Falconer (q.v.), first performed at the
Lyceum Theatre, London, on August 26,
1S58, with the author as Frank Hawtlwrne,
]Mrs. Charles Young as Lucy Vavasour, Mrs.
Wallis as Mrs. Vavasour, Mrs. Weston as
Mrs. Wildhriar, Emery as Robin Wildbriar,
and other parts by F. Charles and James
Rogers ; revived at the City of London The-
atre in 1859. A fortune is willed to Haiv-
thorne if, within six months, he marries Lucy,
to whom, in the event of his refusal, it will
revert. Fearing she does not love him, he
declines the alliance, whereupon Lucii avows
her love, and all goes well. The ' ' extremes "
illustrated are those of aristocracy and
plutocracy. (2) ' Extremes : ' a play of New
York life, produced in that city at the
Broadway Theatre in 1850.
Extremes Meet. A comedietta by
Kate Fjeld {q.v.), St. James's Theatre,
London, March 12, 1S77.
Eyes and No Eyes ; or. The Art
of Seeing-. A vaudeville, words by \V. S.
Gilbert, music by T. German Reed, founded
on the leading idea in Hans Andersen's
story of 'The Emperors Clothes,' and first
performed at St. George's Hall, London,
on July 5, 1S75, with Mrs. German Reed as
2sicolette, Miss F. Holland as Culombine,
Miss L. Braham as Clochette, Alfred Reed
as Cassandre, Corney Grain as Pierrot, and
Alfred Bishop as Arlequin. See OXCE upon
a Time.
Eyes, Nose, and Mouth. A panto-
mime by E, L. Blanchard (q.v.), brought
out at the Marylebone Theatre at Christmas,
1847, with Tom IMatthews as clown.
Eyre, Jane. See Jane Eyre.
Eyre, Sophie [real name, Ryan].
Actress, born in Tipperary, 1853, died at
Naples in October, 1892 ; " made her pro-
fessional debut at the Cliaring Cross The-
atre, London, on June 10, 1876, in ' My
Niece and My Monkey' (q.v.). From 1877
to 18S2 she was employed mainly in the
provinces, returning to London in the last-
named year to "create," at the Adelphi,
Lady Anne in 'The Kingmaker' {q.v.) and
Elizabeth Woodville in 'The Double Rose'
(q.v.). Other characters of which she was
subsequently the first representative in
London were Julia in 'Love and Money'
(1882), Suleima in ' Freedom ' (1883), Esther
in ' A Sailor and his Lass ' (1883), Lucy
in 'A Run of Luck' (1886), Lady Althea
in ' The Witch' (1887), Sitocris in the play
so named (1887), Hose in 'The Love that
Kills' (1888), Mrs. Stanhope in 'Tares'
(18s8), Marina in the play so named (18SS),
and A yesha in ' She ' (1888). ;Miss Eyre was
also seen in London, or elsewhere in Eng-
land, as Lady Macbeth, Paulina ('The
Winter's Tale'), Lady Teazle, Julia ('The
Hunchback'), Constance ('The Love Chase'),
Lady Clancarty, Peg Wojfington and Mabel
Vane ('Masks and Faces'), Sance Oldjield,
Mirza (' The Palace of Truth '), Galatea in
Gilbert's play, Louise (' Frou-Frou '), etc.
In 1884-6 she was in America, where she
figured as Mrs. Pinchbeck in ' Home,' Zicka
in ' Diplomacy,' Claire in ' Le Maitre de
Forges,' Vere Herbert in ' Moths,' etc.
Ey tinge, Rose. Actress ; was seen in
New York in 1875 as Lady Macbeth, and in
1877 as Cleopatra. Among other notable
parts played by her in the United States
are those of Rose Michel, Miss Multon,
Gabrielle in ' The Geneva Cross,' Armande
in 'Led Astray,' May Edwards in 'The
Ticket-of-Leave Man,' Zoe in ' The Octoroon,'
and the heroine of ' Griffith Gaunt.' In
1878 she figured at the Olympic Theatre,
London, as Nancy Sikes in a version by
Cyril Searle of ' Oliver Twist ' (q.v.).
Ezechias in English. A play by
Nicholas Udall {q.v.), acted before Queen
Elizabeth at Cambridge in August, 1564. It
was "handled," we read, " by King's College
men onlye."
Ezekiel. One of the Chester Plays
(q.v.).
fabp:ll
FADETTE
P
I
Fabell, Peter. The hero of "The
MeiTv Devil of Edmonton" (q.v.), saiil to
have "been a real individual who lived in
the reign of Henry VII. "Some," says
Fuller, " make hun a forger, others a lay
gentleman, all a conceited person, who by
his merry devices deceived the devil."
Fabian. A Creole, the hero of J. V.
Briugma.n's 'lilack Doctor ' (q.v.).
Fabricator (The). A play by Walter
Stokes Craven, Union Square Theatre,
New York, June 6, 1892.
Fabricio. Father of Inahella in Mid-
DLETon's ' Women beware Women' (q.v.).
Fanade. An architect in Slous' ' Light
and Shadow' (q.v.).
Face. The housekeeper in Jonso.n'S
♦Alchemist' (q.v.).
Face at the "Window (The). A drama
in four acts, by F. Brooke Warren, Regent
Theatre, Salford, July 20, 1897 ; West Lon-
don Theatre, May 1, 1899.
Face in the Moonlig-ht (The). A
drama in jirnlogue and tliree acts, by
Charles Osisorne, produced at Leeds,
October 30, lSi71 ; first performed in America
at Buffalo in August, 1892.
Face to Face. (1) A drama in two
acts, by Gilbert a. Beckett (q.v.), pro-
duced at the Prince of Wales's Theatre,
Liverpool, March 29, 1869. (2) A comedy in
two acts, by E. Haruourn, Chiswick, Sep-
tember (5, 1869. (3) A drama by I. Hall,
Macclesfield, October 2i, lsi72. (4) A drama
by H. J. STANLEY, Dewsbury, April 5, 1875.
(5) A drama in four acts, by T. Archer,
Marylebone Theatre, May 19, 1877. (6) A
drama by H. T. Minns, Birmingham, No-
vember 27, 1837. (7) An adaptation by J. A.
Frasek, jun., performed in U.S.A.
Faces in the Fire. A comedy in three
acts, adapted by Leicester Buckingham
(q.v.) from the ' Matliilde, on la Jalousie'
of Bayard and Laurencin (Paris, 1835),
and first performed at the St. James's
Theatre. London, February 25, 1865, with a
cast including C. J. ^Mathews, F. Robinson,
A. Stirling, Miss Herbert, and Mrs. Charles
Mathews.
Facheux. See Impertinents.
Facile, Euclid, in Oxenford's ' Twice
Killed ' (q.v.).
Facing- the Music. A farcical comedy
in three acts, by J. H. Darnley. Prince of
Wales's, Liverpool, May 22, 1899 ; Brixton
Theatre, June 5, 1»99 ; Strand Theatre,
London, February 10, 1900.
Factions. A traveller, one of the dis-
guises assumed by Mutable (q.v), in ' Cozen-
ing'(^y.r.).
Factious Citizen (The); or, The
Melancholy Visioner. An anonymous
play produced at the Theatre Royal in 1684,
witfi Underbill and Leigh in the two title
parts— Tim o</i 7/ Turbulent and Abednego
SucJdhumb, and Nokes as Cringe (" abalder-
dash poet ").
Factory Boy (The) ; or, The Love
Sacrifice. A domestic drama in three
acts, by J. T. Haines (7.r.\ first performed
at the Surrey Theatre, London, June 7, 1S40,
with Miss Chartley in the title part (Billy
Jloller).
Factory G-irl (The). See All that
Glitters is not Gold.
Factory Lad (The). A domestic
drama in two acts, by John Walker (q.v.),
first performed at the Surrey Theatre,
London, July 21, 1834.
Factory Strike (The). A domestic
drama in three acts, by G. F. Taylor, first
performed at the Victoria Theatre. Loudon,
October 17, l*o6.
Factotum, Lord. A character in
Planche's 'Sleeping Beauty' (7.1-.), who
has absorbed in himself all the high offices
of state. He is represented as saying —
" Ye who sigh for pl.-ice.
Behold and profit by my piteous case.
As Lord High Chamberlain, I slumber never;
As Lord Hi','h Steward, in a stew I'm ever ;
As Lord High Constable, I watch all day ;
As Lord High Treasurer. I've the deuce to pay :
As Great Grand Cup-bearer, I'm handled queerly ;
As Great Grand Car\'er, I'm cut up severely.
In other States the honours are divided.
But here they're one and all to me confided."
Compare "nith Pooh-Bah in Gilbert's
'Mikado' (q.v.).
Faddle, "William. A knavish fop in E.
Moore's 'Foundling' (q.v.). In this cha-
racter the author satirized "a well-known
individual, named Russell, •who was the
delight of ladies of to7i, because of his good
looks, crowning impudence, and his ' imita-
tions' of opera-singers" (Doran). — Orlando
Faddle figures in G. A Beckett's ' Figaro
in London' (q.v.).
Faded Flo-wers. A comedy in one act,
by Arthur a Beckett (q.v.), first per-
formed at the Haymarket Theatre, London,
on the afternoon of April 6, 1872, with W. H.
Kendal as Harold and Miss Madge Robert-
son as Ada ; revived at the Garrick Theatre,
London, on January 19, 1895.
Fadette. (1) A drama by T. L. Green-
wood, Rochdale, October 9, 1871. (2) An
opera in three acts, composed by Maillart ;
FADETTE
478
FAIR FAME
first performed, •with English libretto (by
■\V. Grist), at the Court Theatre, Liverpool,
January ISSH.with Mdme. Marie Roze in the
title part, Miss Julia Gaylord as Georgette,
and Barton McGuckin as Sylvain. (3) A
plav by B. B. Valentine, performed in
U.S.A.
Fadette, La Petite. See Fanchette,
Fanchon, Fanchonette, and Grass-
hopper, The.
Fadladeen. The king's chamberlain
in dramatizations of ' Lalla Rookh' (q.v.).
Fadladinida. Queen of Queerumania
in Carey's ' Chrononhotonthologos' (q.v.).
Fag". (1) Servant to Captain Absolute in
Sheridan's 'Rivals' {q.v.). (2) One of the
"Three Clerks" in the play so named.
Fag-g-ot-Binder (The); or, The
Mock Doctor. A comedy translated
from Moli^re, and printed in Foote's ' Comic
Theatre' (1762).
Fainall, in Congreve's 'Way of the
World' (q.v.), is in love with Mrs. Sfarwoorl.
His wife is daughter to Lady Wishfort.
— Sir Zealu'ould Fainall, in ' The Female
Fop' (q.v.), is " a pretender to sanctity but
really a villain."
Fainlove. Mistress to Clcrimont, sen.,
in Steele's * Tender Husband' (q.v.).
Faint Heart never Won Fair
Lady. A comedietta by J. R. Planche
(q.v.), adapted from the French, and first
performed at the Olympic Theatre, London,
in 1S39 ; produced in New York in 1840 ; at
Niblo's Gardens, New York, in February,
1862, with Miss Fanny Davenport as the
King of Spain ; revived at the Globe The-
atre, London, in October, 1S73, with H. J.
Montague as Buy Gomez, and other parts
by G. Temple. Miss C. Addison, Miss N.
Harris, and Miss M. Daly ; played in the
English provinces and London suburbs in
1900.
Faint Heart which did Win a Fair
Lady (A). A comedietta by J. P. Wooler
(q.v.), first performed at the Strand Theatre,
London, February 9, 1863, Avith a cast com-
prising Ray, Belford, Parselle, and Miss E.
Bufton.
Fainwell. (1) Colonel Fainv.-ell in Mrs.
Centlivre's ' Bold Stroke for a Wife,' is in
love with Mrit. Lovely. (2) Ensign Fainivell
is a character in Mrs. Centlivre's ' Arti-
fice' (q.v.).
Fainwould. A character in Kennev's
' Raising the Wind ' (q.v.).
Fair American (The). A comic opera,
words by F. PiLON, music by Carter, Drury
Lane, May, 1732.
"Fair and fair, and twice so fair."
First line of song sung by O-lnone and Faris
in Peele's ' Arraignment of Paris' q.v.)—
" They that do change old love for new,
Pniy gods they chauge for worse ! "
Fair Bohemian (A). A plav bv Mrs.
Charles A. Doremus, performed in'U.S.A.
in 1SS8.
Fair Captive (The). A tragedy pro-
duced at Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1721.
Fair Circassian (The). (1) A tragedy
by J. S. Pratt, founded on Dr. Hawkes-
worth's story of 'Almoran and Hamet,' and
performed at Drury Lane in November, 1781.
(2) ' The Fair Circassian ; or. The Chevalier,
the Count, and the Italian : ' a drama in two
acts, by C. H. Hazlewood, Britannia The-
atre, London, November 25, 1872.
Fair Conquest (A). A dramatic epi-
sode in one act, by Albert E. Drinkwater,
Great Grimsby, July 18, 1SS7.
Fair Crusader (The). An opera in
three acts, printed in ' The New British
Theatre ' (1815).—' Fair Cheating : ' a come-
dietta produced at Drury Lane in June,
1S14. — 'The Fair Fugitives:' a musical en-
tertainment attributed to INIiss Porter,
and produced at Covent Garden in May,
1S03.
Fair Emm, the Miller's Daughter
of Manchester, "with the Love of
William the Conqueror." A " pleasant
comedy," acted l)y the Lord Strange's
servants, and printed in 1631.
Fair Encounter (A). A comedietta
in one act, adapted by C. M. Rae (q.v.) from
the French, and first performed at the Hay-
market Theatre, January 30, 1875, with Miss
L. Dietz as Lady Clara and Miss M. Harris
as Celia.
Fair Eqtiestrienne (A); or, The
Circus Rider. A musical comedy in one
act, adapted by Haslingden Russell from
' Die Kunstreiterin,' and first performecUat
Bristol on March 14, 1«90 ; Trafalgar Square
Theatre, London, March 8, 1893 ; Columbus
Theatre, New York, October 22, 1894. See
Caught Out and Circus Rider.
Fair Example (The); or, The
Modish Citizens. A comedy by
Richard Estcourt, adapted from ' Les
Bourgeoises a la Mode ' of Dancourt and
Saintyon (1692), and performed at |Drury
Lane "in April, 1703, and at Lincoln's Inn
Fields in 1717.
Fair Exchange (A). A comedietta
by Montagu Williams (q.v.), first per-
formed at the Olympic Theatre, London,
August 27, 1860, with Miss Herbert, 3Iis9
Louise Keeley, and H. Wigan in the cast.
Fair Fame. (1) A drama in four acts
by J. T. Day, first performed at Longton.
August 8, 1SS4. (2) A play adapted by
Clinton Stuart from the ' Denise ' of
Alexandre Dumas, and first performed at
the :Madison Square Theatre. New York,
on the afternoon of May 24, 1*87, with Miss
Linda Dietz as the heroine, and E. H. Van-
derfelt, Frank Rodney, J. H. Fitzpatrick,
and ]Miss M. Madison in other characters.
I
FAIR FAVOURITE
FAIR PENITENT
I
Fair Favourite (The\ A tragi-
comedy by Sir W. D'AVENANT (q.r.), "pro-
bably acted before the civil war.s," but not
printed till 1(373. The "fair favourite" is
Euiiii'iia, whom the Kinr/ of Naides loves
better than he loves his Queen. The King,
however, conquers his passion, and Eumena
marries Amadore, who had championed
her cause against her suspicious brother
Ora^nont.
Fair France. A drama in four acts,
by West Digges, Queen'.s, April 8, 1S74.
Fair Game. (I) A farce in two acts,
first performed at Covent Garden on De-
cember 21, 1813. (2) A version of DUMAS'
'Denise,' produced in U.S.A. in 1S87.
"Fair Iris, I love, and hourly I
die." — Mercury'ii song in DliYDE.\'.s ' Am-
phitryon,' act iv. sc. 1 —
" .She's fickle and false, and there we acree,
For I am as false anil as fickle as she."
Fair Maid of Perth (The). Among
stage versions of Scott's romance are— (I) A
drama in three acts, by H. H. Milner and
T. H. Lacv, first performed at the Coburg
Theatre, London, June 23, 1828. (2) A
drama by D. V. Bell, performed in New
York in 1829.
Fair Maid of the Exchange (The),
♦'with the .Merry Hiimours of the Cripple
of Fenchurch." A comedy l)y Tho.MAS Hev-
wooo iq.v.), printed in 1G25.
Fair Maid of the Inn (The). A tragi-
comedy by ])EALM().NT and FLETCHER,
printed in 10-17. The "fair maid" is
Eianrha, who proves to be the daughter
of Baptista, a " naval commander."
Fair Maid of the West (The); or,
A Girl worth Gold. A comedy in two
parts, by Thomas Hevwood {q.v.), printed
iti 1631. The "fair maid" is one Besse
Bridijes, daughter of a tanner in Somerset-
shire. For the story of her adventures, see
(ienest, who says : " Hey wood seems rather
to have dramatized some written or tra-
ditionary story than to have invented his
plot. He had such an abundance of
materials on his hands that he found it
convenient to relate some of the incidents
by means of a chorus." "The events are
represented as taking place in the time of
Queen Elizabeth." John Dancer based on
these plays a novel called ' The English
Lovers.' An adaptation of them by S.
Kemble was produced at the Haymarket
in August, 1791, under the title of ' The
Northern Inn."
Fair Nihilist (A). A play by F.
Stuart Raleigh, performed in U.S.A.—
♦ A Fair Rebel : ' a play by H. P. IMawson,
performed in U.S.A.
Fair of St. Germain (The). A play
translated by OzELL from Boursault's ' Foire
de St. Germain,' and printed in 1718.
Fair One with the Golden Liocks
(The). (1) A fairy extravaganza in one
act, by J. R. Planche, first performed at
the Haymarket on December 26, 1843, with
Miss Julia Bennett in the title part {Queen
Lucidora), Miss P. Horton as Graceful, J.
Bland as Kinr/ Lachriimoso, Tilbury as Count
Pknijjoso, and H. Widdicomb as "an owl."
Among the other characters are Viscount
Verysoso, Mantelina, Papillotlna, and Molly-
mo2)sa ; produced in New York in 1844 ;
revived at the Marylebone Theatre in Oc-
tober, 1853. and at Sadler's 'NVells in April,
1857 ; (?) at the Adelphi Theatre at Easter,
1S59, Mith Miss family Thome in the title
part. (2) A pantomime performed at the
Surrey Theatre, London, December 26, 1867.
(3) A pantomime by H. P. Gr.\TTAN and
L. Garsto.n, Surrey'Theatre, December 26,
1872. (4) A pant'imnne by G. Conquest and
H. Spry, Surrey Theatre, December 26, 1891.
Fair Penitent (The). A tragedy in
five acts, based by Nicholas Rowe {q.v)
upon ' The Fatal Dowry' {q.v.) of Massinger
and Field, and produced at Lincoln's Inn
Fields in 1703, with Powell as Lothario, liet-
terton as Horatio, Bowman as Sciolto, Ver-
bruggen as Altamont, :Mrs. Barry as Calista,
and Mrs. Bracegirdle as Lavinia. "Cum-
berland, in the ' Observer,' has entered into
a long discussion of the comparative merit
of the two plays. He gives 'The Fatal
Dowry' a decided preference. So does
Giflord in his introduction to Massinger. . . ,
^lassinger has drawn the character of Chara-
lois in a very masterly manner. Part of
this Rowe omits, and sinks the rest into
the gentle Altamont; but then, to make
amends, he has drawn the characters of
Calista, and particularly Lothario, in a
manner vastly superior to the lady and
gallant in Massinger. With Calista we sym-
pathize, but for Beaumelle we feel little
concern, for she is an absolute wanton.
Gifford says that Horatio sinks into perfect
insignificance in comparison with Boniont.
. . . With regard to the language of the
two plays, the superiority may be given to
Rowe. He does not soar so high as Mas-
singer, nor does he ever sink so low "
(Genest). The piece was revived at Lin-
coln's Inn Fields in 1718, with Quin as
Horatio ; at Drury Lane in 1725, with Booth
as Lothario and Mrs. Oldfield as Calista;
at the same theatre on ^March 24, 1743, with
Garrick as Lothario ; at Covent Garden in
1746, with Quin and Garrick as before, and
Mrs. Gibber as Calista ; at Drury Lane in
1748, with Barry as Horatio: at Covent
Garden in January, 1751, with Barry as
Lothario ; at Drury Lane in November, 1751,
with Mossop as Horatio and ■Miss Bellamy
as Calista ; at Covent Garden in 1757, with
"Gentleman" Smith as //o^/j ar/o (in which
role Peg Woffington appeared also in the
course of that year) ; at Drury Lane in 1760,
with Sheridan as Horatio and Mrs. Yates
as Calista, Sciolto being omitted ; on INIarch
13, 1763, with O'Brien as Lothario and Gar-
rick as Sciolto; in 1769, with Reddish as
Lothario and Mrs. Barry as Calista.- at
Covent Garden in 1775, with Lewis as
Lothario and Barry as Sciolto [" Barry had
now enacted all the parts in this play"
FAIR PRETENDER
4S0
FAIRBROTHER
(Genest)] ; at the Haymarket in August,
1782, with Pahner as Lothario and Bensley
as Horatio ; at Prury Lane in Novemlier,
1782, with Mrs. Siddons as Calista and Mrs.
Bulkeley as Lavinia ["Mrs. Siddons was
great in the scene with Horatio" (Genest)] ;
at Covent Garden in 1785, witli Holman as
Lothario, Pope as Horatio, Farren as Alta-
riiont, and ]\Irs. Crawford as Cali-<fa ; at the
same theatre in 1803, with J. P. Kemble as
Horatio, C. Kemble as Lothario, Cooke as
Sciolto, Mrs. Siddons as Calista, and Mrs.
H. Siddons as Lavinia; at the Haymarket
in 1811, with Elliston as Lothario ; at Covent
Garden in 1816, with Young as Horatio, Miss
ONeill as Calista, and Miss Foote as La-
rinia; at the same theatre in 1S25, with
Egerton as Sciolto, Cooper as Altamont, etc.
"The tragedy," wrote Doran in 1S64, " may
still be called an acting play, though it has
lost something of the popularity it retained
during the last century, when even Edward,
Duke of York, and Lady Stanhope, enacted
Lothario and Colixtn, in the once famous
' private theatre ' in Downing Street."
Fair Pretender (A). A comic drama
in two acts, by J. Palgrave Simpson, first
performed at the Prince of ^Vales's Theatre,
London, on May 10, 1865, with a cast in-
cluding S. B. Bancroft, W. H. Montgomery,
J. Clarke, Mrs. Saville, Miss Marie Wilton.
Fair Quaker of Deal (The); or, The
Humours of the Navy. A comedy by
Charles Shadwell, first acted at Drury
Lane, November 10, 1773, with Barton Booth
as Captain Worthy and his wife as Dorcas
Zeal.
Fair Quarrel (The). A play by T.
MiDDLETON and W. Rowley, acted by the
Prince's servants, and printed in 1617. The
quarrel is between a colonel and a captain,
the former of whom has questioned the
chastity of the latter's mother. In a duel
between the men, the colonel falls, but he
does not die till he has confessed his error
and made some reparation to his antagonist.
There is an elaborate sub-plot.
Fair Rosamond. The title given to a
number of pieces of which Rosamond Clif-
ford, the " favourite " of Henry II. of
England, is the central figure :— (L)'A drama
in three acts, by J. Saville Faucit, first
performed at the West London Theatre,
October 18, 1821, with Miss E. Pitt as
Rosamond, Mrs. Glover as Queen Eleanor,
and Barton as Henry II. (S) An opera, music
by John Barnett, first performed at Drury
Lane Theatre in 1837. (3) A pantomime
performed at Covent Garden in 183S-9. (4)
A burlesque (' Fair Rosamond according to
the History of England ') by T. P. Taylor,
produced at Sadler's Wells in 1838, with
iMiss L. Melville as the heroine, Rogers as
Mr. Henry King, and Mrs. Harris as Mrs.
Minor King. (5) A play performed at
Astley's Amphitheatre, London, in June,
1860. ' (6) A pantomime produced at the
City of London Theatre in 1860-1. (7) A
burlesque (' Fair Rosamond ; or, The Maze,
the ISlaid, and the Monarch') by F. C.
Burxand (q.v.), first performed at the
Olympic Theatre, London, in 1862, with
Miss Hughes (Mrs. Gaston Murray) in the
title part, F. Robson as the Queen, H. Wigan
as ,S'('/" Pierre de Bonbon. (8) A pantomime
(' Fayre Rosamonde ; or. Harlequin Henry
the Second, the Monarch, the Mazed Maid,
and the Made Maize of the Arch Man ') by
F. C. BURNAND, Greenwich, December 26,
1S6S. (9) A burlesque (' Fayre Rosamond ;
or. Ye Dagger, and Y'e Poisoned Bowl') bv
T. COTHER, Gloucester, April 19, 1S69. (10)
A drama (' Fair Rosamond ; or. The Days
of the Plantagenets ') in four acts, by W.
M. Akhurst, Sanger's Amphitheatre, Lon-
don, March 3, 1S73. (11) A plav by Michael
Field (g.v.), published in 1884. (12) A
" pastoral," adapted by E. W. Godwin from
Lord Tennyson's 'Becket' (q.v.), and first
performed in Cannizaro Woods, Wimbledon,
in the summer of 1886; represented at
Albany, N.Y'., in June, 1895. (13) A Christ-
mas piece by Robert Soutar, produced
at the Jlarylebone Theatre, London, with
Josephine Neville as the heroine and T. A.
Carr as Henry II.
Fair Rosamond's Bower; or, The
Monarch, the Maiden, the Maze,
and the Mixture. A burlesque in one
act, by Frederick Langbridge (q.v.).
Fair Sinners ; or, Desperate
Women. A drama in four acts, adapted
from the French by Paget, and performed
at Wolverhampton, May 2, 1881. — 'A Fair
Sinner:' a play in five acts, by G. AV.
Appleton, first performed at Ipswich in
January, 1885 ; produced at the Gaiety
Theatre, London, on the afternoon of March
4, 1885, with a cast including Miss Minnie
Bell, Miss Alexes Leighton, and George
Giddens.
Fair Star. See Cherry and Fair
Star.
"Fair summ.er droops, droop men
and beasts therefore." First line of
a song iu Nash's ' Summer's Last Will and
Testament' iq.v.) —
"All good things vanish less than in a day,
Peace, plenty, pleasure, suddenly decay."
Fair "Women and Brave Men. A
play in four acts, by Theodore Tharp,
New Theatre, Barnstaple, September 23,
1897 ; Parkhurst Theatre, London, Novem-
ber 7, 1898.
Fair "Words and Foul Deeds. A
drama in three acts, by AV. Travers (q.v.).
East London Theatre, July 6, 1868.
Fairbrother, Miss [Mrs. Fitz-George].
Actress, born 1815, died 1890 ; was one of
the company with which the Keeleys began,
in April, 1844, their lesseeship of the Ly-
ceum. " The year 1844," writes Henry
Turner, " was remarkable for the introduc-
tion of the dance known as the polka to our
shores. The Keeleys brought out a one-act
piece entitled 'Polkamania' in which Alfred
Wigan taught Miss Fairbrother the new
dance. It is needless to say that the lady
FAIRBROTHER
4S1
FAIRY'S FATHER
I
proTed an apt pupil, acquiring a perfect
knowledge of the dance in a few minutes.
It was tlie same Miss Fairbrother who scored
so well as the Captain of the Forty Thieves
in 'Open Sesame' [q.v.], a burlesque by
Gilbert Abbott k Beckett" (the Theatre,
1885).
Fairbrother, Sydney. Actress ; made
her professional debut at Birmingham in
September, 1S90. She was the original re-
presentative of Oriana in ' The Star of
India ' (189G), Grace Chichester in ' In Sight
of St. Paul's ' (1896), Wally in ' Two Little
Vagabonds' (1896), Micah in 'The Little
Minister ' (1897), etc.
Faire Maide of Merrie Isling-ton
(Ye). A ijantomime by F. G. Cheatham,
Sadler's Wells Theatre, December 27, 1869.
Fairfax. A play by Bartley Camp-
bell {q.v.).
Fairfax, Lattice. Actress ; was in
the original casts of 'One Summer's Day'
(1897), ' \Vhen a Man's in Love ' (1898). ' The
Price of Peace ' (1900), etc. At Her Majesty's
Theatre, London, in 1899, she played Blanche
of SiMin in a revival of 'King John.' She
was for a time a member of Augustin Daly's
company in Amei'ica, wliere she also played
May Wedderburn in 'The First Violin.'
Fairfax, Mrs. Actress ; made her
London di'but at the Gaiety Theatre, June
13, 1874, as Julia in 'The Hunchback.'
Fairfield. (1) Servant to Mistrestf Carol
in SHiiiLEY's 'Hyde Park '(g. v.). (2) The
miller in Bickeustaff's ' Maid of the Mill'
(q.v.).
Fairies (The). An opera in three acts,
adapted by David Garrick from ' A Mid-
summer Night's Dream,' and produced at
Drury Lane in February, 1755, with Beard
as Theseus, "the fairies " being enacted by
children. The "clowns" were omitted.
"Garrick," wrote Horace Walpole, "has
produced a detestable English opera, w^hich
is crowded by all true lovers of their country.
To mark the opposite to Italian opera, it is
sung by some cast singers, two Italians, a
French girl, and the chapel-boys ; and to
regale us with sauce, it is Shakspeare's
' Midsummer Night's Dream ;' which is forty
times more nonsensical than the worst
translation of any Italian opera-books."
See Fairy Queh.\ and Fairy Tale.
Fairleig-h, Phoebe. The heroine of
Stephens and Solomon's ' Billee Taylor '
(q.v.).
Fairlie, Laura, and Annie Cathe-
rick. A " dual " part in Wilkie Collins'S
' Woman in White ' (q. v.).
Fairlove. (1) A character in Hodson'S
' Adventures of a Night ' (q.v.). (2) Fairlove,
in Fieldixg'S 'Don Quixote in England'
(q.v.), is in love with Dorothea Loveland.
There is (3) a Fanny Fairlove in J. P.
Wooler's ' Allow me to Apologize ' (q.v.),
and (4) a Lucy Fairlove in ' Ambrose Gwin-
nett'(y.r.).
Fairly. A character in 'The Farmer'
(q.v.).
Fairly Caug-ht. A comedietta in one
act, by George D. Day, Parkhurst Theatre,
London, May 23, 1892.— ' Fairly Foiled:' a
drama in four acts, by 0.swald Allan,
Grecian Theatre, London, May 29, 1871. —
' Fairly Puzzled : ' a vaudeville, libretto by
Oliver Bland, music by Hamilton Clarke,
St. George's Hall, London, May 19, 1884.
Fairly Hit and Fairly Missed.
A farce in one act, by John Martin, pub-
lished in Duncombe's ' British Theatre.'
Fairweather, Captain, Lucy, and
Paul, figure in Boucicault's 'Streets of
London.'
Fairy and the Fawn (The). A pan-
tomime performed at the Grecian Theatre,
London, in 1853.
Fairy Circle (The) ; or. Con O'Car-
rolan's Dream. A legendary Irish
domestic drama in two acts, by H. P.
G rattan, performed at the Chatham
Theatre, New York, in 1845 ; performed at
the Prince of Wales's Theatre, Liverpool, in
1866, with the author as O'Carrolan, Henry
Irving as Philip Blake, and other parts by
Philip Dav, Mi.ss Augusta Thomson, and
Miss Editli Challis.
Fairy Favour (The). (1) A masque
by Thomas Hull, acted at Covent Garden,
and printed in 1766. (2) A pantomime per-
formed at Drury Lane in 1790-1.
Faii'y Godmother (A). A play adapted
by Clinton Stuart from Dumas' ' Les
Demoiselles de St. Cyr,' California Theatre,
San Francisco, August 7, 1899.
Fairy Lake (The) ; or. The Mag-ic
Veil. A romantic musical burletta in three
acts, adapted by Charles Selby from ' Le
Lac des Fees,' and first performed at the
Strand Theatre, London, INIay 13, 1839.
Fairy Prince (The). A masque in
three parts, "said to have been compiled
by COLMAN, but chiefly borrowed from Ben
Jonson's masque of * Oberon ; ' " performed
at Covent Garden in November, 1770.
Fairy Q,ueen (The). An opera adapted
from ' A Midsummer Night's Dream,' and
performed, with music by Purcell, at the
Theatre Royal in 1692. See Downes's
' Roscius Anglicanus,' and the ' English
Stage' of Genest, who says that "on the
whole this play does not differ materially
from the original."
Fairy Rebecca (The), in Gilbert's
' Foggerty's Fairy ' (q.v.).
Fairy Tale (The). An adaptation by
George Colman of ' A Midsummer Night's
Dream,' acted, with music by Michael Arne,
at Drury Lane in 1763.
Fairy Tales of Mother Goose
(The). See Mother Goose.
Fairy's Father (A). A drama in
one act, by C. S. Cheltnam (q.v.), first
21
FAIRY'S POST BOX
4S2
FALCON
]ierformed at the Olvmpic Theatre, London,
1-ebruary 24, 1862, with F. Robson and Mrs.
Stephens in the cast.
Fairy's Post Box (The). A comic
opera in one act, libretto by Palgraye
Simpson, music by Arthur Hervey, Court
Theatre, London, May, 1885.
Faiseur (Le). See Mammon,
Faitli; or, V/ife and Mother, A
new version, in tliree acts, of ' Grace Hunt-
ley,' produced at the Theatre Royal, Man-
chester, August 21, 1879. — ' Faith ; or,
Eddication and Rights : ' a comedy-drama
in three acts, by John Lart, Gaiety The-
atre, London, August 27, 1SS4.
Faith and Falsehood ; or, The
Fate of the Bushrang-er. A drama in
three acts, by W. Leman Rede ('7.1'.), first
performed at'the Queen's Theatre, London,
September 22, 1S34.
Faith, Hope, and Charity; or,
Chance and Chang-e. A domestic drama
in three acts, by E. L. Blanchard (q.v.),
first performed at the Surrey Theatre, Lon-
don, on July 7, 1845.
Faith's Fraud. A tragedy in verse
and five acts, by ROBERT Landor [q.v.).,
printed in 1S41.
Faithful Friends (The). A comedy by
Francis Beaumont and John Fletcher,
entered on the books of the Stationers'
Company, June 29, 1660.
Faithful General (The). See Loyal
Subject, The.
Faithful Heart (The). A drama by
R. Palgrave, New Theatre Royal, Bristol,
October 18, 1875.
Faithful Irishwoman (The). A
farce by Mrs. Clive, acted at Drury Lane,
for her benefit, in 1765.
Faithful James. A farcical comedy
in one act, by B. C. Stephenson, first per-
formed at Turnham Green Hall, October 24,
1889, and produced at the Court Theatre,
London, July 16, 1892, with Weedon Gros-
smith in the title part, supported by
Brandon Thomas, C. P. Little, :Miss Sybil
Grey, and Miss Ellaline Terriss ; first acted
in America at the IMuseum, Boston, Mass.,
January 16, 1893 ; revived at the Court The-
atre, London, December 9, 1894.
Faithful Shepherd (The). A pastoral
comedy, taken by W. D. Gent from the
' Pastor Fido ' of Guarini, and printed in
1633. Another translation of the same
work, under the same title, appeared in
1736 ; and a third in 1782.
Faithful Shepherdess (The). A
pastoral drama by John Fletcher (q.v.),
the second edition of which appeared in
1629 and the third in 1634. " On its first
appearance, it met with an ill reception,
but was afterwards represented before the
King and Queen on Twelfth Night, 1633, and
as the title-page to the third edition says.
divers times since with gi-eat applause at
the private house in Blackfriars. It was
introduced by a dialogue song, written by
Sir W. Davenant, between a priest and a
nymph" ('Biographia l)ramatic-a '). The
piece was revived at the Theatre Royal in
October, 1668. It was played in 1885 in
Cannizaro Woods, Wimbledon, with Lady
Archibald Campbell as Perigot, and it was
performed also in July, 1903, in the Botanic
Gardens, London. "The Faithful Shepherd-
ess is Ainoret. She and Fcrigot are mutually
in love. Amarillis is in love with Ptrigot.
He tells her that his affections are engaged.
Amarillis gets the Sullen Shepherd to dip '
her in the holy well with certain charms.
She arises in the shape of Ainoret. As such,
she makes love wantonly to Perigot. He is '.
disgusted with her. Amarillis is restored to
her own shape. When Perigot meets the '
real Arnorct he stabs her. . . . The God of
the River heals her wounds. Perigot wounds ■
her again. The Satyr carries her to Clorin .
... a holy shepherdess who has great skill
in healing. Amoret recovers and forgives
Perigot. Alexis and Cloe are a wanton shep-
herd and shepherdess " (Genest). Charles '
Lamb, who included passages from the piece
in his ' English Dramatic Poets,' appended
to them the following note: "If all the.
parts of this Play had been in unison with •
these innocent scenes and sweet lyric inter- ;
mixtures, it had been a Poem fit to vie with ;
Comus or the Arcadia, to have been put into j
the hands of boys and virgins, to have made .
matter for young dreams, like the loves of '
Hermia and Lysander. But a spot is on the ;
face of this moon. Nothing short of infatua- '
tion could have driven Fletcher upon mixing,
up with this blessedness such an ugly de* '
formity as Cloe, the wanton shepherdess."
Faithful until Death. A drama by
Edgar Newbound, Britannia Theatre,
London, March 13, 1876.— ' Faithful unto'
Death : ' a drama in two acts, by E. M.
Robson and E. Compton, first performed
at Bristol on September 2, 1881, with Miss
Clara Cowper and Miss Sylvia Hodson in
the cast.
Faithless Wife (The). A drama in.'
four acts, adapted by IMrs. Sara Lane,,
Britannia Theatre, London, April 15, 1876. 1
Fakir of Travancore (The). An;
opera, music by Luscombe Searelle (q.v.).'
first produced at San Francisco.
Falcon, Count. A character in the
versions of Ouida's ' Idalia ' (q.v.).
Falcon (The). A play in one act, bj
Alfred, Lord Tennyson (q.v.), founded oi;
a story in Boccaccio, and first performec:
at the St. James's Theatre, London, or
December 18, 1879, with Mrs. Kendal as th(;
Lady Giovanna, Mrs. Gaston Murray a;
Elisahetta, W. H. Kendal as the Coun
Federigo, and W. H. Denny as Filippo '
first represented in America at the Empir*
Theatre, New York, on the afternoon 0
February 1, 1900.
FALCONER
FALOTE
Falconer, Edmund [ne O'Rourke]. ^
Dramatist and actor, born in Dublin circa ■
1813-15 ; died in London, September 29, 1S79 ; 1
joined tiie histrionic profession at an early
ape. In 1850 he was "leading man" in
"Worcester, and in 1856 occupied the same
position at the Adelphi, Liverpool. In the
following year he appeared at Sadler's
Wells, London, in his own play, ' The Lady
of St. Tropez' (q.v.). In 1858, during a ,
period of management at the Lyceum, he
produced his 'Extremes' (q.v.), a comedy
in which he figured as Frank Haivtliorne. I
This was followed at the same theatre, in
1859, by Cardinal Richelieu in his trans-
lation of ' Marion de L'Orme,' and by
Grandinigo in his 'Francesca' {q.v.). In
1S60, at the Adelphi, Falconer was the first
(London) Danny Mann in ' The C<dleen i
Bawn' {q.v.). At the Lyceum in the fol-
lowing year he played 'Barney 0' Toole in
his own 'Peep o' Day' {q.v.). From 186-2
to 1866 Falconer was co-lessee and co-
manager, with F. B. Chatterton, of Drury
Lane, where he figured in 186-1 in his
'Night and Morn' {q.v.), and as the prin-
cipal character of his farce 'The O'Fla-
hertys.' At the same house, in 1865, he was ,
the Maximilian llohesjyierre in his ' Love"s
Ordeal' {q.v.) and Mickey Free in his
adaptation of Lever's ' Charles O'Malley ' i
(q.v.). As lessee of Her Majesty's in I5566
he produced there his ' Donagh ' {q.v.), him-
self playing Fardaroufilia (/Donovan. In
1867-8 he ai)peareil in his own pieces in the
United States. In 1870 he was seen at
the Princess's, London, as Bryan O'Farrell
in his 'Eileen Oge' {q.v.). In addition to
the dramatic pieces named above, Falconer
was the author of the following : — ' The
Cagnt ' (Lyceum, 1356) ; ' A Husband for
an Hour ' (Haymarket, 1857) ; ' The Lepra-
chaun' (Lyceum, 1850); 'The Master Pas-
sion ' (Princess's, 1859) ; ' The Family
Secret' and 'Does he Love me?' (Hay-
market, 1860) ; ' The Next of Kin ' (Lyceum,
1860) ; ' Ruy Bias,' a tran.slation (Princess's.
I860) ; ' Woman ' (Lyceum, 1861) ; ' Bonnie
Dundee' and 'Nature's above Art' (Drury
Lane, 1863) ; ' Husbands, Beware ! ' (Drury
Lane, 1865); 'A WMfe Well Won' (Hay-
market, 1867); ' A-Gra-Ma-Chree ' (Man-
che.-iter, 1875) ; ' Too Much for Good Nature,'
etc. Falconer, besides writing the lyrics
for Balfe's 'Rose of Castile' (q.v.) and
'Satanella' {q.v.), and the entire libretto
of Mellon's 'Victorine' {q.v.), published
two volumes of verse. See H. Morley's
'Journal of a London Playgoer ' (1866) ; the
Era for October, 1879 ; Pascoe's ' Dramatic
List ' (1880) ; and E. L. Blanchard's ' Diary '
(1891).
Paliero, Marino. See M.\rino Fa-
LIERO and DOGE OF VENICE.
Falka. A comic opera in three acts,
libretto by H. B. Far.nte (after Leterrier
and Yanloo), music by F. Chassaigne, first
performed at the Comedy Theatre, London,
on October 29, 1883, with Miss Violet
Cameron in the title-part. Miss Wadman as
Edwixjc, Miss L. Henschel as Alexina, Miss
Vere Carew as Konrad, Harry Paulton as
Fol'jach, H. Ashley as Tancred, L. Kelleher
as Arthur, W. S. Penley as Pelican, and
W. H. Hamilton as BoLeslas. The title part
has been played in the provinces by Miss
Wadman, Miss Giulia Warwick, and Miss
Louise Henschel, and in the L'nited States
by 3Iis3 Bertha Ricci and ^liss Kitty Cheat-
ham. A sequel called 'Brother Pelican;
or, Falka's Baby,' a burlesque in two acts,
words by A. Rae and W. H. Dragml, and
music by G. Operti, E. Allen, and W. C.
Levev, was first performed at the Theatre
Roya'l, Belfast, February 8, 1894.
Falkland, Viscount. See Carey,
Henry Lucius.
Fall of Alg-iers (The). (1) An opera
in three acts, jjerformed at Drury Lane in
January, 1825, with Sapio, Horn, Terry,
ILar'ey, Gattie, " O." Smith, and Miss
Stephens in the cast. (2) A drama in two
act.s. by C. A. SOMER.SET, performed with
Gomersal, Hemmings. Miss Burnett, and
Miss J. Ducrow in the chief parts. See
Duncombe's ' British Theatre.'
Fall of Bob (The) ; or, The Oracle
of Gin. A "tragedy" by John Kelly,
occasioned by the Gin-act, and acted at the
Haymarket in 1736.
Fall of Jerusalem (The). A dramatic
poem by Henry Hart Milman, Dean of
St. Paul's, first printed in 1820.
Fall of Khartoum (The). (1) A
drama by H. J. Stanley and C. Hermann,
Prince of Wales's Theatre, Salford, April 6,
1885. (2) A drama. Royal Albany Theatre,
Durham, April 11, 1885.
Fall of Mortimer (The). See Mor-
TiMKii'.s Fall.
Fall of Sag-untum (The). A tragedy
by Philip Frowde, performed at Lincoln's
Inn Fields in January, 1727.
Fall of Tarquin (The). See Brutus.
Fall of the Earl of Essex (The).
See Earl of Essex and Unhappy
Favourite.
Fallace. Wife to Deliro in JoNSON's
♦ Every Man out of his Humour" {q.v.).
Fallen among- Thieves. A drama
in five acts, by Frank Harvey, Grand
Theatre, Islington, September 29, 1890 ;
Grand Opera House, San Francisco, Novem-
ber 29, 1894.
Fallible, Lord. A character in Mis.s
De Camp's ' First Faults ' {q.v.).
Falls of Clyde (The). A melotlrama
in two acts, by George Soane, performed
at Drury Lane Theatre in 1818. with a cast
including Bengough, Penley, Knitrht, Wal-
lack, H. Johnstone. T. P. Cooke, Mrs.
Harlowe, and Miss Kelly ; revived at the
same theatre in 1825, and at the Victoria
Theatre in 1838.
Falote (La). An operetta in three
lupted by J. Cheever
acts, the libretto ad;
FALSACAPPA
FALSE FRIEND
Goodwin from that of Armand Liorat
and Maurice Ordonneau's ' La Falote,' the
music by Louis Varney ; Folies Dramatiques,
Paris, April 17, 1S96 ; Casino Theatre, New
York, March 1, 1S97.
Falsacappa. An opera bouffe, music
by Offenbach, libretto by H. S. Leigh
(adapted from Meilhac and Halevy's 'Les
Brigands,' q.v.), first performed at the Globe
Theatre, London, on April 22, 1871, with
A. St. Albyn in the title part, F. Dewar as
Pietro, Signorina Annetta Scasi as Fiorella,
Mdlle. Marguerite Debreux as Fragoletto, the
Princess Emma Matchinsky as the Pnnces.-<
of Granada, Mdlle. Cornelie D'Anka as the
Prince of BoboU, Miss Harriett Coveney as
Adolphe.
Falsche Heiligre. See Profligate,
The.
False Accusation (The). A drama
by F. Fuller, Marylebone Theatre, Lon-
don, May 3, 1875.—' False Cards :' a drama
by AuGUSTE Creamer, Athen.-^um Hall,
Bury, January 11, 1873.— ' False Charms:'
a comedy from the French, played in U.S.A.
— ' False Hearts : ' a drama in four acts,
West Bromwich Theatre, December 3, 1886.
— ' A False Life : ' a play by A. E. Fan-
SHAW, performed in U.S.A.—' False Steps : '
a drama by Frederick Vanneck, Theatre
Royal, Bristol, September 19, 1S87.
False Alarms. A comic opera in three
acts, libretto by J. Ken.ney, music by King
and Braham, performed at Drury Lane in
1807. See Sedlev.— 'A False Alarm:' a
farce by Alfred Young, Holborn Theatre,
London, October 5, 1872.
False and Constant. A comedy in
two acts by Joseph Lunn, performed at the
Queen's Theatre, London, November 23,
1829, with Mrs. Waylett as Constance
Fairport.
False and True. A play in three
acts, by the Rev. Mr. Moultrie, performed
at theHayraarket (with songs by Samuel
Arnold) iii"l798, the cast including C. Kem-
ble, Munden, Mrs. Davenport, and John-
stone (as (fllafferty, a poor Irishman) ; after-
wards played as ' The Irishman in Italy ; '
revived at Covent Garden in 1842 as _' Born
to Good Luck,' under which title it was
.seen in 1856 at the Adelphi, with Barney
Williams as Barney O'Rarferty.
False Appearances. A comedy,
adapted from Boissy's * Dehors Trompeurs'
by the Right Hon. Harry Seymour Con-
way, and performed at Drury Lane in 1739,
by J, P. Kemble, Parsons, Bannister, jun..
Miss Farren, Miss Pope, Mrs. Kemble, etc.
False Colours. (1) A comedy by Ed-
ward Morris, performed at the Hay-
market in April, 1793, with King and Misa
Pope as Sir Paul and Lady Panic, Suett as
Lord FisfT^'eC' introduced for the sake of ridi-
culing the system of Lavater "), Bannister,
jun., as Grotesque, and R. Palmer as Subtle.
(2) A nautical drama in two acts, by Ed-
ward FiTZBALL, first performed at Covent
Garden Theatre, :March 4, 1S37, with T. P.
Cooke as Paul Perilous, and other parts
by Tilbury. Webster, Miss Vincent, etc.
(3) A nautical play brought out at New
York in 1868. (4) A comedietta by G. F.
Pass, Royalty Theatre, London, October 8,
1881.
False Concord. A farce by the Rev.
James Town ley, acted at Covent Garden
on March 20, 1761. See Clandestine
Marriage.
False Count (The) ; or, A New "Way
to Play an Old Game. A farce in five
acts, by Aphra Behn (q.v.), acted at the
Duke's 'Theatre in 16S2, with a cast includ-
ing Xokes, Smith, Underbill, Mrs. Davis,
etc. The false count is a chimney-sweeper
named Guiliom, who, by the deception, is
enabled to marry the proud daughter of a
rich shoemaker.
False Delicacy. (1) A comedy by
Hugh Kelly, performed at Drury Lane in
January 23, 1768, with Reddish as Lord
Winwo'rth, Mrs. Abington as Lady Betty
Lampton, Mrs. Baddeley as Miss March-
mont, Mrs. Dancer as Mrs. Harley (" a lively
widow "1, King as Cecil, etc. ; revived at the
same theatre in October, 1782, with Brereton
as Winu'orth. Miss Farren as Mrs. Har-
ley, Mrs. Bulkeley as Lady Betty, and Mrs,
Brereton as Miss Marchmont. " Lord Win-
worth had paid his addresses to Lady Betty.
She had decUned them from False Delicacy,
and not from want of affection for him. . . .
Lord Winworth then pays his addresses to
Miss Marchmont. ... At the conclusion )
Mrs. Harley a.nd Cecil contrive to make Lady
Betty and Lord Wimvorth express their real
sentiments for each other " (Genest). (2) A
play translated by B. Thompson from the
German, and printed in 1800.
False Demetrius (The). A drama by
Richard Cumberland, printed in an in- j
complete state among his ' Posthumous i
Plays' (1813). It is based upon the same i
historical facts as those used by Mrs. Pix .
in 'The Czar of Muscovy' (q.v.). It was'
rehearsed at Drury Lane, but not produced. ;
False Evidence. A drama in f our <
acts, by Wynn Miller (q.v.). Pavilion
Theatre, London, September 14, 1891.
False Friend (The). (1) A tragedy by ,
Mary Pix, acted at Lincoln's Inn Fields in .
1699, with Mrs. Bowman in the title part ■
(Apimmia), and other roles by Verbruggen, ,
Mrs. Barry, and Mrs. Bracegirdle. (2) A
comedy, adapted by Sir John Vanbrugh
from ' La Trahison Punie ' of Dancourt, and
acted at Drury Lane in 1702, with Gibber as
Don John, the false friend of Don Pedro
(Wilks), whose fiancie, Leonora (Mrs.
Rogers), Don John essays to seduce. The
cast also included MUls, Bullock, and Mrs.
Oldfield. This piece was revived in 1724,
1752, 1767, and 1789. (3) A musical drama
by J. C. Cross, produced at Bath in March.'
1812. (4) A play by Edgar Fawcett (q.v.),
performed at the 'Union Square Theatre,
New York.
FALSE GLITTER
435
FALSTAFF
False Glitter. A comedy-drama by
Fkank Harvey, tirst performed at Hud-
dersfield in April, 1875.
False Hands and Faithful Hearts.
A drama in prologue and three acts, by E.
Towers, City of London Theatre, April 22,
1867.
False Impressions. A comedy in five
acts, by Richard Cumberland, tirst per-
formed at Covent Garden in November,
1797, with Miss Chapman as Lachj Cypress
(a rich widow), Whittield as Marling (an
attorney), Holman as Abjernon (Lady
Cypress's nepliew), Quick as Scud (an
apothecary), Miinden as Simon Single (an
old servant of Lady Cypress's), and Mrs.
Davenport as Mrs. Buckram (her house-
keeper). " Lady Cypress is a dupe to the
ariifices of Earling. She had sufl'ered him
to make False Impressions on her mind
with regard to her nephew " (Genest).
False Lights. A drama in four acts,
by T. B. Ban.mster, first performed at
Birkenhead in April, 1886 ; produced at the
Marylebone Theatre in November, 1886. —
• The False Light ' is the title of an American
play in which Miss Ada Rehan played Cora
Darlington.
False One (The). A tragedy by Francis
Beaumont and John Fletcher. "The
False One is Septimius, a proHigate Roman
who is employed to kill J'ompey. He is
scouted by Ccesar's officers, and even by
three poor soldiers to whom he bad given
money. He seems penitent, Vnit turns rascal
again. In the fifth act he offers to betray
Photinus, etc., to Ccesar. Ccesar orders him
to be hanged." Cleopatra (q.v.) figures in
the play, which, in Hazlitt's view, is " an
inilirect imitation of 'Antony and Cleopatra.'
We have Sejjtimius for Enobarbus and Ccesar
for Antony. Cleopatra herself is represented
in her girlish state, but she is made divine
in
' Youth that opens like perpetual spring,'
and promises the rich harvest of love and
pleasure that succeeds it. This, of all
Beaumont and Fletcher's plays, comes the
nearest in style and manner to Shakspeare."
False Pride. A comedy-drama in four
acts, by IMay Holt, first performed at
Norwich in September, 1883 ; produced at
the Vaudeville Theatre, London, in May,
1884.
False Shame. (1) The title of two
English translations of a comedy by Kotze-
bue, published respectively in 1799 and 1800.
(2) A comedy in three acts, by Frank
Marshall, originally announced as ' The
White Feather,' and first performed at the
Globe Theatre, London, on November 4,
1872, with H. J. Montague as Arthur Lord
Chilton, J. Billington as Captain Ernest
Bragleigh, Poynter as Earl Dashington,
Gardenias Colonel Howard, C Neville as
Percy Gray, ;Miss Larkin as Mrs. Howard,
Miss C. Addison as Constance Howard, and
Miss Rose Massey as Magdalen Atherleigh;
played in the English provinces in 1871,
with H. M. Pitt as Lord Chilton; first per-
formed in America, under the title of ' New
Year's Eve ; or. False Shame,' at Fifteenth
Avenue Theatre, December 23, 1872, with
G. Clarke as Lord Chilton, C. Rockwell as
Captain Bragleigh, W. Davidge as Colonel
Howard, Miss Clara Morris as Magdalen,
Miss F. Davenport as Constance, and Mrs.
Gilbert as Mrs. Hoicard ; revived at the
Royalty Theatre in June, 1880, with a cast
including C. Sugden, H. M. Pitt, C. Groves,
Miss K. Lawler, Miss M. Brennan, and Miss
F. Coleman. "To the elegant impassibility
of Sir Charles Coldstream, Lord Chilton
unites something of the misanthropy of
Timon of Athens. . . . Brave, he is quite
content to be thought a coward."
False Step (A). See Augier, Emile.
False "Witness. A drama in four acts,
adapted by Arthur Shirley and Maurice
Gally from 'Le Coucou' (Theatre Beau-
marchais, Paris, November 23, 18&9) of
Leopold Stapleaux, New Cross Public Hall,
October 28, 1890 ; produced at the Royalty
Theatre, London, on July 29, 1892, as 'The
Cross of Honour.'
Falsely Accused. (1) A drama in
four acts, by J. Cherry Griffiths, Bri-
tannia Theatre, London, August 7, 1876.
(2) A drama in four acts, by Rita Carlyle,
Pavilion Theatre, London, July 5, 1897.—
' Falsely Judged :' a drama in three acts,
by Such Granville, Connaught Theatre,
London, August 7, 1880.
Falsetto. A character in Kenney's
•London Pride.'
Falstaflf. (1) A comic opera in two
acts, the Italian libretto founded by
Manfredo Maggione on 'The MeTry Wives
of Windsor,' the music composed by M.
W. Balfe {q.v.); first performed at Her
Majesty's Theatre, London, on July 19,
1838, with Lablache as Falstaf, Rubini
as Fenton, Tamburini as Ford, Morelli as
Page, 7,ldme. Grisi as Mrs. Ford, Mdlle.
Caremoli as Mrs. Page, Mdlle. Alberts zzi
as Annette Page, and INIdlle. Castelli as
Mrs. Quickly. "The invention, the fancy,
and the air of poetry which surrounded and
pervaded the whole conception charmed
every one " (W. A. Barrett). (2) An opera,
the Italian libretto founded by Arrigo
Boito on ' The Merry Wives of Windsor,'
the music by Giuseppe Verdi ; first per-
formed at ]Milan, February, 1S93 ; produced
in London at Covent Garden, on May 19,
1894, with Signora Giulia Ravogli as Mrs.
Quickly ; first represented in America at
the Metropolitan Opera House, New York,
February 4, 1895.— Operas with Falstaff as
the central figure were produced by Salieri
in 1798 and by Adolphe Adam in 1856.—
' Falstaff : ' a verse-play in five acts, by
Jacques Richepin, Avas produced at the
Porte St. Martin, Paris, in February, 1904.
—See the three following articles ; also
Merry Wives op W^indsor.
FALSTAFF
4S6
FALSTAFF
Falstaff, Sir John, figures in the first
and second parts of Shakespeare's ' Henry
IV.' (q.v)., in ' The Merry Wives of Windsor'
(q.v.), in Kenrick's ' Falstafl's Wedding'
Iq.v.), and in operas by Balfe, Verdi, and
Nicolai [see Falstaff]. It seems certain that
in the two parts of ' Henry IV.,' as originally
played, he was called " Oldcastle," after one
of the characters in ' The Famous Victories
of Henry V.' (q.v.), on which Shakespeare
based his ' 1 and 2 Henry IV.' and his
' Henry V.' In the text of ' 1 Henry IV.,'
as we have it (act i. sc. 2), Ave find Prince
Hal addressing the fat knight as "my old
lad of the castle " — an obvious play upon
"Oldcastle." Rowe records that, members
of the family of the real Sir John Oldcastle
being alive at the time of the production of
' Henry IV.,' Queen Elizabeth ordered the
poet to give his knight another name— an
order Avhich seems to have been carried
out, though one or two hints of the original
cognomen were accidentally permitted to
remain. That Shakespeare was genuinely
desirous not to give pain to the Oldcastles
is shown in the epilogue to '2 Henry IV.,'
in which it is said of Falstaff that "" Old-
castle died a martyr, and this is not the
man." Unhappily, one gathers that, what-
ever corrections may have been made in
the official "scrip" of the play, or in the
play as printed, some at least who produced
it retained "Oldcastle" as the knight's
name ; the following passage in Field's
' Amends for Lailies ' (1618) cannot other-
wise be accounted for—
" Did you never see
The play where the fat knight, hight Oldcastle,
Bid tell you truly what this honour was?"—
an obvious allusion to ' 1 Henry IV.,' act v.
sc. 1. As it happened, in rechristening
his creation "Falstaff" Shakespeare was
held to be doing as much injury to the
memory of Sir John Fastolf, the soldier,
as he had done to that of Sir John Old-
castle, the Lollard. Fastolf, it will be re-
membered, is one of the pcrsonce in ' 1
Henry VI.' (q.v.), where he is portrayed as
" a contemptible craven." Oldcastle, "it may
be noted, is the hero of a play called ' Sir
John Oldcastle ' (q.v.), in Avhich he is vindi-
cated from the aspersions supposed to be
cast upon him by Shakespeare. Maurice
Morgann, writing ' On the Dramatic Cha-
racter of Sir John Falstaff' (1777) as seen
in '1 and 2 Henry IV.,' says: "He is a
man at once young and old, enterprising
and fat, a dupe and a wit, harmless and
wicke I, weak in principle and resolute by
constitution, cowardly in appearance and
brave in reality, a knave Avithout malice, a
liar Avithout deceit, and a knight, a gentle-
man, and a soldier Avithout either dignity,
decency, or honour." "Sir John," Avrites
Professor DoAvden, " is by no means a purely
comic character. Were he no more than
this, the stern Avords of Henry to his old
companion Avould be unendurable. The
central principle of Falstaff 's method <f
living is that the facts and laws of the
world may be evaded or set at defiance, if
only the resources of inexhaustible wit be
called upon to supply by brilliant ingenuity
Avhatever deficiencies may be found in
character and conduct" ('Shakespeare, his
Mind and Art '). Toe epilogue to ' 2 Henry
IV.' promises that "our author Avill con-
tinue the story Avith Sir John in it ; " but,
says Dr. Dowden, "our humble author
decided that the public was not to be in-
dulged in laughter for laughter's sake at
the expense of his play. The tone of the
entire play of ' Henry V.' would have been
altered if Falstaff had been alloAved to ap-
pear in it." Shakespeare does, however,
announce in ' Henry V.' the death of Falstaf
(act ii. sc. 3). " Pathetically, the fat knight
disappears, and disappears for ever." ' ' The
Falstaff of the ' Merry Wives,' " says Hartley
Coleridge, " is not the Falstaff oi ' Henry IV.'
It is a big-bellied impostor, assuming his
name and style, or at best it is Falstaff in
dotage. . . . Shakespeare kneAv that Falstaff
could not be in love, and has mixed but a
little, a very little, pruritus Avith his fortune-
hunting courtship " (' Essays and Margi-
nalia'). See HalliAvell-Phillips' ' Character
of Sir John Falstaff' (1S41) and Gairdner's
' Historical Element in Shakspere's Falstaff*
{Fortnightly Review, March, 1873). See, also,
the essay (in Birrell's ' Obiter Dicta,' first
series) in which George Radford seeks to
compile, from Shakespeare's pages, a sort of
biography of Falstaff. Among the most '.
notable interpreters of the knight Avere Bet-
terton, Quin, Shuter, Henderson, Do\vton,
and Stephen Kemble. "Quin," says Tate
Wilkinson, " Avith a bottle of claret and a i
full house, the instant he was on the stage ,
Avas Sir John Falstaff himself." "In the 1
frolicsome, gay, and humorous situations '
of Falstaff, Henderson," Avrites Davies, "is i
superior to every one." DoAvton, in Planch^'s ;
opinion, was the best representative of the ,
character in his day. " His eye had the j
right roguish tAvinkle; his laugh, the fat, j
self-satisfied chuckle ; his large protruding !
underlip, the true character of sensuality." ,
Of Stephen Kemble the same AA'riter says :
"His obesity was so great that he played Fal-
staff-without stuffing ; . . . but the effect was
more painful than amusing." See Genest's
'English Stage,' v. 596. Mrs. Glover (q.v.) ^
played Falstaff on one occasion, but her^
performance, according to Henry Howe
(q.v.), Avas "a great faifure, for, though the
most unctuous of female comedians, she
seemed like a weakly youth playing the.
part." Mrs. Webb also attempted the rdle. '
Both Mark Lemon (q. i'.) and Arthur Sketch-,
ley (q.v.) performed the character in public.
See Falstaff ; Falstaff, Letters of ; and.
Falstaff's Wedding.
Falstaff, Sir John, Origrinal Let-
ters, etc., of : " noAv first made public bj;
a gentleman, a descendant of Dame Quickly
from genuine manuscripts Avhich have beer;
in the possession of the Quickly family
nearly 400 years : dedicated to Master
Samuel Irelaunde." A Avork by Jame;'
White, published in 1796, and profesinj
j to give the text of correspondence betweeil
' Falstaff and Prince Hal. Brook, Sir Hug];
I
FALSTAFF'S WEDDING
487
FAMILY JARS
Evans, Bardolph, Pistol, Xym, Mrs. Ford,
Dame Quickly, and Ursula ; also letters
from Fiuellen to Mrs. Quickly, Pistol to
islender. Slender to Anne Page, Shallow to
Davy, and Davy to Shallow. There is also
a deposition made before Shallow and
Slender. White had been a schoolfellow of
Charles Lamb, and Lamb's correspondence
contains several allusions to the Lf.tters, of
which bethought highly. "They are," he
wrote to Coleridge in ]\Iay of the above
year, " without exception the best imita-
tions I ever saw ;" adding, in July, "The
whole work is full of goodly quips and rare
fancies, ' all deftly masqued like hoar anti-
quity'— much superior to Dr. Kenrick's
' Falstaff's Wedding'" [q.v.]. In 1808
Lamb described White to T. Manning as " a
wit of tiie first magnitude." In an article
contributed to the Theatre magazine in De-
cember, 1885, Godfrey Turner argued that
Lamb not only inspired the Letters, but
collaborated with White. A reprint of the
Letters, reproducing the 1796 volume in fac-
simile, was published in 1877.
Falstaffs "Wedding-. "A sequel to
the 2nd Part of Henry IV.," written by
William Kenrick (g.v.) "in imitation of
Shakespeare," printed in 1766, and intended
originally for publication only in book-form.
The author was, however, persuaded to re-
model it for the stage, and it was accordingly
performed at Drury Lane Theatre (for Love's
benefit) on April 12, 1766, with Love as
Falstaf, Parsons as ShaUoiv, King as Pistol,
Dodd as Slender, Moody as Bardolph, Bad-
4lQley as Dr. Caius, Aikin as Pleadirell,
Ackman as Xpm, Mrs. Pritchard as Dame.
Ursula, Mrs. Bradshaw as Dame Quickly,
and Mrs. Dorman as Dol Tearsheet. Tlie
piece, says Genest, was "seemingly acted
but once." It " begins on the day of tlie
Coronation of Henry the Fifth. Falxtaif
enters, and describes the manner in which
the King had treated him, etc. Shallow,
with Pleadwell to assist him, deraanils the
payment of £1000 which he had lent to
Fahtaf. Falstaf evades the payment, as
he had given Shallow no security. Shallow
challenges Falstaf. They fight ; Falstaf
gets the better of Shalloiv ; he marries Davie
Ursula. . . . Nym lays a plan for getting
Mrs. Quickly and Dol married to Shallow
and Slender. Falstaff contrives to have them
married to Pistol and Xym" ('English
Stage '). The comedy, reduced to two acts,
was revived at Drury Lane (for R. Palmer's
benefit) on I\Iay 11, 1803, with Palmer as
Falstaf, Dowton as Shalloir, Cherry as Pistol,
Suett as Francis, :Mrs. Harlowe as Dol, etc.
Dr. A. W. Ward remarks that 'Falstaff's
Wedding ' (" which was approved by Gar-
rick and not disdained by Charles Lamb ")
"shows, in addition to an extraordinary
familiarity with Shaksperean phraseology,
of which much of the dialogue is a mosaic,
some original humour in passages of the
Falstatban speeches. Nor is the plot con-
trived without a certain ingenious audacity.
. . The whole effort of course remains a
taerejeu d' esprit."
Fame. A comedy in three acts, by
C. M. Rae, first performed at the Haymarket
Theatre on April 7, 1877, with a cast in-
cluding J. B. Buckstone, H. Howe, Kyrle
Bellew, W. Gordon, W. Herbert, Miss Marion
Terry, Miss A. Lafontaine, Miss Maria
Harris.
Familiar Friend (A) . A farce in one
act, by Mark Lemo.v (q.v.), first performed
at the Olympic Theatre. London, February 8,
ISiO.
Familiar, Jack. A character in Rey-
nolds' 'Arbitration' (q.v.).
Famille Benoiton (La). See Fast
Family, The.
Famille du Pont Biquet (La). See
Great Unpaid and Settled out of
Court.
Family Affair (A) . A play by Charles
Tow.NSEND, performed in U.S.A.
Family Circle (The). A play adapted
by Sydney Rosknfeld from the ' Rue
Pigalle 115 ' of Alexandre Bisson, and first
performed at Boston, U.S.A., May 30, 1892 ;
produced at the Standard Theatre, New
York, October 30, 1892.
Family Compact (The). A farce by
John Rose, performed at the Haymarket
in September, 1792.
Family Distress. A play in three
acts, adapted from Kotzebue's ' Self-immo-
lation,' and first performed at the Haymarket
in June, 1799.
Family Doctor (The). A play by
Bill Nye and Scott Marhle, performed
in U.S.A.
Family Failing- (A). A farce in one
act, by John Oxenford (q.v.), first per-
formed at the Haymarket Theatre, Novem-
ber 17, 1856, with a cast including Miss
Blanche Fane, J. B. Buckstone, W. H.
Chippendale, H. Howe, etc.
Family Fix (A). A farce in three
acts, by Herbert Shelley, Opera House,
Northampton, March 8. 1897.
Family Fool (The). A comedy in
three acts, by ISL\rk Melford, first per-
formed at the Prince's Theatre, Edinburgh,
March, 1882 ; produced at the Vaudeville
Theatre, London, June 23, 18S5.
Family Ghost (The). A play by
Annie Brunton, first performed at the
Theatre Royal, Hanley, on March 17, 1831.
Family Herald (The) figures in H. J.
Byron's 'Nymph of the Lurleyberg' (q.v.).
Family Honour. A comedy in three
acts, by Frank Marshall (q.v.), first per-
formed at the Aquarium Theatre, London,
on May 18, 1878, with a cast including Miss
Marie 'Litton, Mrs. Hermann Vezin, Miss
E. Challis, Miss E. Miller, W. Farren, Kyrle
Bellew, E. F. Edgar, and James Fawn.
Family Jars. A farce by J. Lunn,
first performed at the Haymarket in August,
1822, with Terry as Porcelain (a dealer ia
FAMILY LEGEND
4S8
FANCHON
china), Listen as Delph (liis foreman), Leoni
Lee as Bene dick (hXa son), Oxberry as Diggory,
Mrs. Pearce as Lidcly, and Mrs. Garrick as
Emily.
Family Leg-end (The). (1) A tragedy
in five acts, by Joanna Baillie, first per-
formed at Edinburgh on January 29, 1810,
with a prologue by Sir Walter Scott and an
epilogue by Henry Mackenzie, and with
Mrs. H. Siddons as the heroine {Helen
Camphell) and Terry as Earl of Argyll. It
ran for fourteen consecutive nights. [See
Dibdin's ' Edinburgh Stage.'] The play was
produced at Drury Lane on May 29, 1815,
with i\Irs. Bartley as Helen, Wallack as
Maclean, S. Penley as Sir Hubert de Grey,
and Bartley as the Earl. Helen loves Sir
Hubert, but marries Maclean with the hope
of terminating the feud between the Mac-
leans and the Campbells. Maclean basely
surrenders her to his clan, and is slain in a
duel with her brother. She herself escapes
the fate the ]\Iacleans had intended for her,
and the play ends with a prospect of her
marriage to Sir Hubert. (2) An entertain-
ment written by Tom Taylor (q.v.) for the
German Reeds and John Parry.
Family Matter (A). A comedy in
three acts, by C. G. Compton and A.
George Hockley, Garrick Theatre, Lon-
don, June 27, 1894, with a cast including
Charles Groves, A. Bucklaw, C. M. Hadard,
Miss M. Rorke, Miss Winifred Fraser, and
Miss Ellis Jeffries.
Family Novelette (A). A farce in
one act, by E. Nesbit and Oswald Bar-
ron, New Cross, London, February 21, 1894.
Family of Iiove (The). A comedy by
Thomas Middleton (q.v.), acted by the
Children of the Revels, and printed in 1608.
It was named after a contemporary religious
sect, which it sought to satirize. It is '' un-
questionably and incomparably," says Swin-
burne, "the worst of Middleton's plays;
very coarse, very dull, altogether distasteful
and ineffectual. As a religious satire it is
utterly pointless."
Family Party (The). (1) A farce
performed at the Haymarket Theatre in
1789. Among the characters is a Sir Toby
Twaddle. (2) A comedy by W. P. Davidge
{q.v.), first performed on the Norwich cir-
cuit, England, in 1840.
Family Pictures. A farce by Edward
Stirling, first performed at the Marylebone
Theatre, London, INlarch 11, 1849.
Family Politics. A play printed in
' The New British Theatre ' (1814).
Family Pride. A drama in two acts,
adapted by Gaston Murray from ' Le
Pauvre Gentilhomme,' and first performed
at Sadler's Wells Theatre in ]May, 1862, with
Captain Horton Rhys as the Marquis de St.
Hilaire, Miss C. Lucette as his daughter
Leonie, ^Nlrs. W. Dowton as Madame Botibol,
and Ersser Jones, J. Johnstone, and Lewis
Ball in other parts. See Poor Nobleman,
The.
Family Quarrels. A comic opera,
words by Thomas Dibdin, acted at Covent
Garden in 1802.
Family Secret (The). A play by
Edmund Falconer (q.v.), first performed
at the Haymarket Theatre, London, on May
9, 1860, with J. B. Buckstone as Bubble,
Miss Amy Sedgwick as Una, W. Farren as
Avonmore, and other parts by H. Howe,
W. H. Chippendale, Mrs. Wilkins, and Mrs.
Buckingham White.
Family Story (A). A comedy by
Joseph Aston.
Fam.ily Ties. (1) A comedy in three
acts, adapted by F. C Burnand from ' Aux
Crochets d'un Gendre,' and first performed
at the Strand Theatre, London, on Septem-
ber 29, 1877, with a cast including Horace
Wigan, H. Cox, C. Marius, W. S. Penley,
J. G. Grahame, Mdlle. Camille Dubois, and
Miss Lottie Venne. (2) A comedy by T. M.
Field (q.v.), acted in U.S.A., in which Dan
Marble played the leading part.
Famine (The). A drama, in a pro-
logue and four acts, by Hubert O'Grady,
first performed at Dublin in April, 1S86 ;
Grand Theatre, Islington, June 28, 1886.
Famous Victories of Henry V.
See Henry V.
Fanatic (The). A " dramatic comedy"
in four acts, by John T. Day, Theatre
Roval, INIargate, July 23, 1897 ; Strand
Theatre, London, October 21, 1897.
Fanchette. The name of characters in
Stirling Coyne's 'Pets of the Parterre'
(q.v.) and in ' The Chevalier de St. George'
(q.v.).
Fanchette. the "Will o' the Wisp.
A drama in four acts, adapted by IMrs.
Bateman from ' Die Grille ' (a German ver-
sion of George Sand's 'La Petite Fadette'),
and first performed at the Theatre Royal,
Edinburgh, May 6, 1871, with Miss Isabel
liateman in the title part, J. Edwards as
Landrij, R. S. Pillans as Sylvinet, J. Archer
as Father Barbeau, Mrs. Lyons as Mother
Fadette ; produced at the Lyceum Theatre,
London, on September 11, 1871, with Miss
Bateman as before, Henry Irving as Landry ^
G. IJelmore as Sylvinet, Addison as Father
Barbeau, and Miss G. Pauncefort as Mother
Fadette. See Fanchon, Fanchonette, and
Grasshopper. (2) ' Fanchette : ' a comic
opera in three acts, music by Firmin Ber-
nicat and Ami re Messager, libretto adapted
by Oscar Weil from that of Dubreuil,
Humbert, and Burain ; produced at the
Court Theatre, Liverpool, January 13, 1894.
Fanchon, the Cricket. A play
adapted by AUG. Waldauer from ' Die
Grille ' (see above), and first performed at the
St. Charles Theatre, New Orleans, in 1860,
with Miss Maggie Mitchell as the heroine ;
represented at Laura Keene's Theatre, New
York, in June, 1862, with J. W. Collier as
Landry, A. H. Davenport as Didier (Syl-
vinet), J. H. Stoddart as Father Barbeau,
\i
FANCHOXKTTE
FARCE WRITER
and Mrs. J. H. Stoddart as Madelon. Miss
Ada Rehan has played Fnnchon in America.
See Fanchette and Fanchonette.
Fanchonette ; or, The Cricket. A
drama in five acts, founded on 'Die Grille '
(see above), and originally performed in the
United States ; produced at the Standard
Theatre, London, on September 30, 1S71,
■witli Miss Jennie Gourlay in the title part,
Miss Page as Mother Fadette, Arthur Wil-
liams as Didier {Sylvinet), etc. See Fan-
chette and Fancho.n.
Fancied Queen (Th.e). An opera in
one act, by RoI'.ert Drury, performed at
Covent Garden in IT.'ia. The plot is taken
from Shirley's ' Sisters.'
Fancies, Chaste and Noble. A
play by John Ford (q.v.), acted at the
Phienix, and printed in 1638. " In the
early part of it, the Marquis [of Sienna] is
falsely suspected of having a sort of seraglio.
He himself calls it the liovver of Fancies :
hence the name of the play" (Genest). " The
Mar<juis has brought up his three nieces
[Clnrella, Floria, and Silvia] in absolute
seclusion in his house ; and at the close of
the play he reveals the excellence of his in-
tentions towards the tliree Fancies by be-
stowing their hands in marriage" (A. W.
Ward). The heroine, Castaviela, sister of
Livio, marries the Marquis's nephew, Troylo,
in the end.
Fanciful, Lady. An affected beauty
in Vanhrugh's 'Provoked Wife ' (7.1?.).
Fancourt's Folly. A comedy-drama
in one act, by B. W. Findon, Pleasure
Gardens, Folkestone, May 14, 1804.
Fancy figures in Shirley's ' Triumph of
Peace' (q.v.) and H. J. Byron's 'George
de Barnwell' (q.v.).
Fancy Fair (A). A comedietta by
Rali'H LiMi.EY, Lyric Hall, Ealing, Sep-
tember 22, l!^!»2.
Fancy's Festivals. A masque in five
acts, by Thomas Jordan, printed in 1657.
Fane, Blanche- Actress ; appeared at
the Uayniarket, circa l^r)6, as the heroine
of 'The Little Treasure,' Clorinda in 'A
Family Failing,' etc.
Fan-Fan. A character in E. Stir-
LiN(;'s 'Prisoner of State' (q.v.).
Fan-Fan, la Tulippe. A drama by
Pali, Melrice, first performed at the
Ambigu Comique, Paris, November 6, 185S ;
adapted by W. E. Suter under the title of
'Fan-Fan, the Tulip; or, A Soldier's For-
tune,' a drama in two acts, published by
Lacy ; performed in London in 1863 as 'Court
and Camp' (q.v.) and 'The Davs of Louis
XV.' (q.v.), and in 1864 as 'the King's
ButterHy'(g.u.).
Fanfaronnade, Hilarion, figures in
Charles Webb's ' Belphegor ' (q.v.).
Fannette ; or, TJp in the Dark. A
dran-a in cue act, by J. B. Johnstone,
Pavilion Theatre, London, October 24, 1868.
Fannius, Demetrius, in Jonson's
' Poetaster,' is intended to represent Thomas
Dekker((j^.i;.),
Fanny. A farce in three acts, by G. R.
Sims and Cecil Raleigh, first performed
at Buffalo, U.S.A., August 23, 1893; pro-
duced at the Standard Theatre, New York,
August 28, 1S93 ; Prince of Wales's Theatre,
Liverpool, April 8, 1895 ; Strand Theatre,
London, April 15, 1895, with a cast including
J. L. Shine, W. H. Day, T. P. Haynes, Miss
Lydia Cowell, Miss May Whitty, and Miss
Alma Stanley.
Fanny. (1) The heroine of Colman and
Garrick's 'Clandestine Marriage' (q.v.).
(2) The chief female character in Daly's
' Divorce' (q.v.).
Fanny's Flirtations. A farce by
Wynn :Miller and Philip Havard, Pa-
vilion Theatre, London, July 11, 1SS7.
Fanquehere, The Hon. Bruce antl
Rosie. Characters in Robertson's ' Play '
(q.v.).
Fantasticks (The). A romantic co-
medy in three acts, adapted by " George
Fleming" from Edniond Rostand's ' Les
Romanesques,' and produced at the Rovalty
Tiieatre, London, May 29, 1900, with Mrs.
l^atrick Campbell and Miss Winifred Eraser
in the principal parts.
Fantine figures in all the dramatizations
of liugu's ' Les Miserables' (q.v.).
Fantome. The " Drummer " in Addj-
so.N s play so named (^.i'.).
Far Away where Angrels Dwell.
A drama in three acts, by C. H. Hazlb-
wooi), Britannia Theatre, London, Octobe*
6, 1869.
Far from the Madding- Crowd. A
"pastoral drama" in three acts, adapted
by T. Hardy and J. Comyns Carr from
the former's novel of the .same name, and
first performed at the Prince of Wales's
'I heatre, Liverpool, on February 27, 1882,
with Miss Marion Terry as Bathsheha Ever-
dene. Miss A. Leighton as Lydia Smallhury^
.Miss Maggie Hunt as Fanny Robin, C. Kelly
as (iahricl Oak, C. Cartwrigtit as Frank Troy^
A rtliur Wood as Joseph Poorgra.%9, and H. E.
Russell as Jan Coggan ; produced at the
Globe Theatre, London, on April 29, 1882,
with Mrs. Bernard Beere as Bathsheha, J. H.
Barnes as Troy, and C. Kelly, A. Wood, H.
E. Russell, Miss Leighton, and :\Iiss Hunt
in their original parts. (2) Another dra-
matization of the novel, made by A. R.
Cazauran, was produced at the Union
Square Theatre, New York, in April, 1882,
with Miss Clara Morris as Bathsheba and
C. Vandenhoff as Gabriel. See Squire,
The.
Far "West (The) ; or. The Bound-
ing-Fawn of the Prairies. A play by
J. J. M( Closkey (q.v.\ performed at the
Bowery Theatre, New York, in 1870.
Farce "Writer (The). A farce per-
formed at Covent Garden in October, 1815.
FARCIA
490
FARNIE
i
Farcia. Daughter of Pantomime in
'Bays' Opera' {q.v.).
Fardaroug-ha and the Black Pro-
phet. A drama in four acts, by Hekbekt
J. Stanley, Adelphi Theatre, Liverpool,
July 4, 189S.
Farding-ale, Mrs. A character in
Steele's 'Funeral' {q.v.).
Parewell. The "Fashionable Lover" in
the play so named (q.v.).
Farewell, Folly; or, The Yoting-er
the "Wiser. See Amorol-.s Miser.
"Farewell to the land where in
childhood I wandered." Song in
Moore's ' M.P.' (q.v.).
"Farewell to the mountain."
Song in Barnett's ' Mountain Sylph ' {q.v.).
Farinelli. A serio-comic opera, words
by C. Z. Barnett (q.v.), music by John
Barnett, first performed at Drury Lane
Theati'e, London, in 183S.
Farintosh, Beau. Grandfather of
Bella in Robertson's ' School' (q.v.).
Farley, Charles. Actor, dramatic
author, and theatrical machinist, born 1771,
died 1859 ; made his df'but at Covent Garden
in 1782, as a page. He was then only call-
boy and assistant prompter, but was speedily
promoted to small parts, and afterwards to
more responsible ones. In 1804 he played
Valentine to the Orsonoi his pupil, Grimaldi,
in the 'Valentine and Orson' (q.v.) of T.
Dibdin. In 1806 he and Dibdin joined in
the production of a pantomime — ' Harlequin
and Mother Goose' — in which Grimaldi
appeared, and Avhich ran for ninety-two
nights. From that date till 1834, when he
retired into private life, Farley was respon-
sible for all the pantomimes produced at
Covent Garden — productions on which he
lavished not only some literary but much
mechanical skill, being fruitful in the in-
vention of "effects." He was the original
representative of the title parts in ' Timour
the Tartar' (1811) and Pocock's 'Robinson
Crusoe ' (1817) ; he was also the first Grindnf
in ' The Miller and his Men ' and the first
San;;uinbeck in 'Cherry and Fair Star'
(1822). Planche in his ' Recollections' says :
" He was not only a good melodramatic
actor, but sustained very creditably a line
of character parts in the plays of Shakespere
and the best of our old English comedie.s —
Jioderifjo in ' Othello,' Cloten in ' Cymbeline,'
Osric in ' Hamlet,' Cacofogo in ' Rule a Wife
and have a Wife,' and many others ; notably,
although utterly ignorant of French, Canton
in ' The Clandestine Marriage.' " Among his
dramatic pieces were ' The Magic Oak ' (1709),
' Aggression ' (1805), ' Mother Shipton ' (1826),
and an adaptation of 'Henry IV.,' pt. ii.
(1821). See T. Dibdin's 'Reminiscences'
(1827) and the ' :Memoirs of Grimaldi' (1840).
Farm hy the Spa (The). A play in
one act, adapted by Frederick Wedmore
from A. Theuriet's ' Jean Marie' (q.v.), and
first performed in public in December, 1335,
with a east including W, Poel and Miss
Latham. ^Nliss Janet Achurch has played
the role of Therhse in this piece. See "By
the Sea.
Farmer (The). A musical piece in two
acts, written by John O'Keefe, and first
performed at Covent Garden in (October,
1787, with Darley in the title part (Black-
bernj), and other characters by Edwin,
Johnstone, Blanchard, Mrs. Mattocks, and
Mrs. :Martyr. This piece was originally a
comedy in five acts, called ' The Plague of
Riches,' in which form, however, it was dis-
approved by Colman, for whom O'Keefe cut
it down into ' The Farmer.'
Farmer's Daugrhter of the Severn
Side (The); or, Mr.andMrs.Toodles.
A domestic drama in two acts, by R. J.
Raymond (q.v.), performed at the Coburg
Theatre about 1832, with Davidge as Twinkle
Toodles ; first produced in America by W.
E. Burton at Baltimore as 'The Broken
Heart ; or. The Farmer's Daughter ; ' after-
wards presented (in October, 1>48) at Bur-
ton's Theatre, New York, as ' The Toodles,'
with Burton as Toof/^t^-s (now called Timothy),
and George Jordan as George Acorn.
Farmer's Return from London
(The). An interlude by David Garrick,
first performed at Drury Lane in March,
1762, with the author in the title part (in
which he was painted by Zoffiny). "'The
plan of it is a humorous description in rhyme
given by a farmer to his wife and children,
on his return from London, of what he had
seen extraordinary in that gTeat metropolis "
('Biographia Draraatica'). The piece was
printed in 1762, with a frontispiece designed
by Hogarth.
Farmer's Story (The). A drama in
three acts, by Bayle Bernard (^^.w.), first
performed at the Lyceum Theatre, London,
on June 13, 1836, with Mrs. Keeley as Mary
Lockicood.
Farmer's "Wife (The). A comic opera
in three acts, by Charles Dibdln, jun., first
performed, with music by Bishop, AVelsh,
Davy, Reeve, Condell, and Addison, at
Covent Garden in February, 1814.
Farm-house (The). See Country
Lasses, The.
Farnie, Henry Broug-ham. Play-
wright and journalist, died September, 1889 ;
was of Scotch parentage, and began life
as a journalist, editing successively the
Orchestra, the Paris Times, and Sock
and Buskin. He wrote several burlesques,
such as 'The Idle Prentice' (1870), 'The
Mistletoe Bough ' (1870), ' Blue Beard ' (1875),
and ' Robinson Crusoe ' (1886). His chief
work, however, was done as an operatic
librettist and adapter. In this capacity
he wrote the " books " of ' Le Petit
Faust' (1S70), 'Breaking the Spell' (lb70),
' The Crimson Scarf ' (1^71), ' L'(F:il Creve '
(1872), ' Fleur de Lys ' (1873), ' The Barber
of Bath' (1879), 'Olivette' (18S01, 'La Bou-
langere' (1881), 'Manola' (1882), 'Madame
Favart' (1382), 'Rip Van Winkle' (1882).
FARO TABLE
491
FARREN
«La Vie' (1883), 'Nell Gwvnne' (1884),
♦Indiana' (1886), 'The Old Guard' (1887),
and ' Paul Jones ' (1889). He was also part-
author of several adaptations : with R.
Reece, of ' Les Cloches de Corneville' (1878),
' The Mascotte ' (1881), and ' Boccaccio '
(1882); with C. Searle, of 'Venice' (1879);
and with H. J. Byron, of 'Frolique'
(1882).
Faro Table (The). See Gamester,
The.
Farq.ixhar, Georgre. Dramatic writer,
born at Londonderry, 1678, died 1707 ; en-
tered Trinity College, Dublin, as a sizar,
in 1694, leaving in tlie following year. In
Dublin he made his ib-hut as an actor, but,
having accidentally stabbed one of his col-
leagues, he retired from the stage, and in
1C97-8 went to London. There, at Drury
Lane in 1699, was produced his first play—
'Love and a Bottle.' In 1700, Lord Orrery
having presented him with a lieutenant's
commission, he served in Holland. To the
same year belongs 'The Constant Couple,'
and to 1701 a sequel to that comedy — ' Sir
Harry Wildair.' After these came in suc-
cession 'The Inconstant' and 'The Twin
Rivals,' both in 1702; 'The Stage Coach'
(in which Farquhar collaborated with
Motteux) in 1704, ' The Recruiting Officer '
in 1706, and ' The lieaux' Stratagem ' in
1707. In 1702 he published his 'Love and
Business,' with a discour.se on comedy.
His comedies were printed in 1710. Editions
of his plays appeared in 1728, 1742, and
1772, in each case with a hiographic al
sketch. A memoir of him was prefixed by
Thomas Wilkes to an edition of his woiks
published in 177.5. See, also, A. C. Ewald's
preface to his edition of the Works (1892).
See, further, Chetwood's ' History of the
Stage,' Genest's ' English Stage,' and Leigh
Hunt's preface to the Works (1840). Hazlitt
says of Farquhar : "He somewhere prides
himself in having introduced on the stage
the class of comic heroes . . . which has
since become a standard character, and
which represents the warm-hearted, rattle-
brained, thoughtless, high-spirited young
fellow, who floats on the back of his mis-
fortunes without repining, who forfeits ap-
pearances but saves his honour ; and he
gives us to understand that it was his own.
He did not need to be ashamed of it. In-
deed there is internal evidence that this
sort of character is his own, for it pervades
his works generally, and is the moving
spirit that informs them. His comedies
have on this account probably a greater
appearance of truth and nature than almost
any others. His incidents succeed one
another with rapidity, but without pre-
meditation ; his wit is easy and spon-
taneous ; his style animated, unembar-
rassed, and flowing ; his characters full of
life and spirit, and never overstrained so
as to ' o'erstep the modesty of nature,'
though they sometimes, from haste and
carelessness, seem left in a crude, un-
finished state. There is a constant ebulli-
tion of gay, laughing invention, cordial
good humour, and fine animal spirits, in his
writings " (' The English Comic Writers ').
Farquhar, Gilbert. Actor; made his
first professional appearance in 1S83. He
was in the first cast of ' Ascot ' (1884), ' Alone
in London ' (1885), ' A Woman of the World '
(1886), ' Sophia,' as Squire Allivorthy (1886),
' May and December ' (1887), ' Heart of
Hearts ' (18S7), ' Booties' Baby ' (1888), ' The
Late Lamented' (1891). ' An Old Jew' (1894),
• Jedbury Junior ' (1896), etc.
Farr, Florence. Actress ; the original
representative of AmaryllLs in Todhunter's
' A Sicilian Idyll' (1890), liebecca in English
version of 'Rosmersholm ' (1891), Beatrice in
Todhunter's ' The Passion-Flower ' (1891),
Blanche in Shaw's ' Widowers' Houses '
(1892), Ladij Brandon in Todhunter's ' Co-
medy of Sighs' (1894), Louka in Shaw's
' Arms and the Man' (1894), etc.
Farren, Elizabeth [Countess of Derby].
Actress, born 1759, died 1829 ; daughter of
a surgeon and apothecary Avho joined a
company of strolling players. After play-
ing, in the country, a round of juvenile
parts, she made her metropolitan debut at
the Haymarket on June 9, 1777, as Miss
llardcastle, which was followed by her
Bosetta in ' Love in a Village.' In the same
year she played her first original part— that
of Bosina in the manager's ' Spanish Bar-
ber." Her first triumph, however, Avas made
as Ladi/ Toirnley in 1778. In that year she
was seen at Drury Lane, and she continued
to act at that theatre, at the Haymarket,
and on occasion at Covent Garden, till
April 8, 1797. when she made her final
appearance in public prior to her marriage
to the Earl of Derby on the following May
1st. Among the roles of which she was tl.e
first representative were those of Lady
Sash in Sheridan's ' Camp,' Cecilia in Miss
Lee's ' Chapter of Accidents,' Sophia in
Burgoyne's ' Lord of the ^Lanor,' Lady Emily
Gayville in the same writer's ' Ileiressi^'
Emily in Cumberland's ' Wheel of Fortune,'
and the heroine of Holcroft's ' Force of
Ridicule.' Her chief successes, however,
were made in the standard drama. Her
parts in Shakespeare included Ilermione,
Olivia ('Twelfth Night'), Portia ('Mer-
chant of Venice'), Juliet, Mrs. Ford, Helena
(' All's Well that Ends Well'), and Beatrice.
Among her other roles were Lady Fanciful,
Charlotte Busport, J/rs. Sullen, Angelica
(' Love for Love '), Bisarre, Millamant,
Statira, Lady Betty Modi.<th, Lady Teazle,
Lydia Lanyuish, the widow Belmour, Lady
Sadlife, Mrs. Oakley, Lady Plyant, and
Jjady Brute. The wife of the ekfer Charles
^Mathews has left behind her a description
of Miss Farren's last appearance on the
stage. Boaden regarded that event as a
"theatrical demise" which "absolutely
produced the degeneracy of comedy into
farce. The lady of our Congreves," he says,
"lost that court -like refinement in manners,
that polished propriety in speech ; the
coarser parts in comedy were forced for-
ward without a balance, without contrast."
" No person," says Colman in his ' Random
FARREN
492
FARREN
Recollections,' "ever has more successfiiiiy
perfcirmed the elegant levities of Lady
Towidy upon the stage, or more happily
practised the amiable virtues of Lady Grace.
in the highest circles of society." Hazlitt
has a brief reference to Miss Farren, " -svith
her fine-lady airs and graces, with that
elegant turn of her head, and motion of
her face, and tripping of her tongue "
(' Criticisms and Dramatic Essays ')• See
also the ' New Monthly Magazine ' for 1S29,
' The Thespian Dictionary,' Genest's ' Eng-
lish Stage,' Cumberland's ' Memoirs,' Wil-
kinson's ' Wandering Patentee,' Gait's ' Lives
of the Players.' Robson's 'Old Playgoer,'
Fanny Kemble's ' Records of a Girlhood,'
etc.
Farren, Ellen. Actress ; born 1S4S,
died 1904 ; daughter of Henry Farren {q.v.) ;
is said to have made her debut on the boards,
when only seven years old, in ' Dick Whit-
tington' at the Victoria Theatre, London.
At the same theatre in March, 1864, she
played liinetta in 'The Woman in Red'
(r^.u.)- In the same year she joined the
company at the Olympic Theatre, where
she figured in the original cast of ' The
Hidden Hand' (1S64), 'My Wife's Bonnet'
(1864), 'Prince Camaralzaman' (1865), 'Henry
DunViar' (1S65), Offenbach's "Blue Beard'
(1866), 'The White-boy' (1866), 'Olympic
Games' (1867), and 'The Woman of the
AVorld ' (1S6&). She was also seen during
this period as the Cloicn in 'Twelfth
Night,' as Pert in ' London Assurance '
(1866), and as Faust in Halford's burlesf|ue
(1866). In 1868 she was engaged by JoTin
Hollingshead for the Gaiety Theatre, at
which she made her first appearance on
December 21, 1868, as Sprightley in ' On the
Cards' (?.r.), and in the title part of W. S.
Gilbert's 'Robert the Devil' {q.v.). This
was the beginning of a connection with the
Gaiety which lasted until 1891. During
this period she was the original repre-
sentative of the following (and other)
personce .-—The title character in A. Thomp-
son's 'Columbus' (1896), the Marquis de
Fontelle in 'A Life Chase' (1869), Henry
Plantagenet in Sala's ' Wat Tyler, M.P.'
(1869), Regina in 'The Princess of Trebi-
zonde ' (1870), the title character in ' Aladdin
the Second' (1S70), Sam Weller in Hollings-
head's ' Bardell v. Pickwick ' (1871), Mercury
in Gilbert and Sullivan's 'Thespis' (1871),
Polly Neejit in Reade's ' Shilly-Shally' (1872),
Ganem in Reece's ' Ali Baba h la Mode '
(1872), Leporello in Reece's ' Don Giovanni
in Venice ' (1873), Mrs. Tobin in John Clay-
ton's 'Bibb and Tucker' (1873), Clemency
in 'The Battle of Life' (1S73), James Giltcr
in Burnand's ' Great Metropolis ' (1874),
Eglantine in 'The Island of Bachelors'
(1874), Mary White in Byron's 'Oil and
Vinegar' (1874), Miss Highflyer in 'Toole
at Sea ' (1875). Mary Ann in Reece's
' Spelling Bee ' (1876), Mrs. Pepper Pods in
Byron's 'Bull by the Horns' (1876), Thad-
deus in Byron's 'Bohemian Gyurl' (1877\
Pully in Burnand's ' Our Babes in the
Wood ' (1877), young Faust in Byron's
•Little Dr. Faust' (1878), Alei-sio in
Byron's ' II Sonnambulo ' (1878), the title
characters in Byron's ' Pretty Esmeralda'
(1879) and ' Handsome Hernani ' (1879),
Angelina in Lecocq's 'The Great Casimir'
(1879), the title character in Byron's ' Gul-
liver's Travels' (1879), Chateau lienaud in
Burnand and Stephens' ' Corsican Brothers
and Co.' (1880), Ganem in Reece's ' Forty
Thieves' (ISSO), Dick in Burnand's 'Whit-
tington and his Cat' (1881), the title
characters in Reece's ' Aladdin ' (1881) and
'Little Robin Hood' (1882), and of Bur-
nand'3 'Blue Beard' (1883), 'Ariel' (1833),
and ' Camaralzaman ' (1884), Hamlet in
Yardley's ' Very Little Hamlet (1884), Jack
in Yardley and Stephens' ' Little Jack
Sheppard' (1885), the title characters in
' ]SIonte Cristo, Jun.' (1886) and ' Franken-
stein ' (1887), and Ruy in ' Ruy Bias and the
Blasts Rou^' (1889). At the Olympic in
1871 she was the original Giselle in H. J.
Byron's piece so named {q.v.). Among
"standard" roles played by her at the
Gaiety may be named Miss Hoyden in ' A
Man of QuaUty' (1870), Lubin in Dibdin's
' Quaker ' (1870), Tilly Slowboy in ' The
Christmas Story' (1871), Miss Prue in
' Love for Love ' (1871), Laura in Kenney's
'Sweethearts and Wives' (1873), Charlott*
in Bickerstaff's ' Hypocrite ' (1873), Tilburina
in 'The Critic' (1877), and Smike in HalU-
day's 'Nicholas Nickleby ' (1SS7). In 1S8S
slie acted with the Gaiety company in
Au'itralia. In April, 1891, she represented
San in 'Good for Nothing' in a benefit
performance at the Gaiety. Ill-health then
necessitated her retirement from the boards.
In 1895 she became lessee for a short time
of the London Op^ra Comique (q.v.), and in
1898 she was the recipient of a " compliment-
ary benefit" remarkable in its pecuniary
results.
Farren, Henry. Actor and theatrical
manager, born 1826, died 1860 ; elder son of
William Farren (1786-1861) ; had had experi-
ence in Birmingham, Manchester (where in
1846 he played Mercutio), and Nottingham
(1847), before he made his London d^but at
the Havmarket as Charles Surface. In 1850
and 1Sd"i he acted at the Strand and Olympic
Theatres under the direction of his father.
At the Strand he was the original Mercury
in Tom Taylor's 'Diogenes' {q.v.), and at
the Olympic the first Fontaine in W.
Marston's ' PhiHp of France' {q.v.). After
managing the Brighton Theatre for a brief
terra, he went to America, opening in New
York as Claude Melnotte—a, part which he
had already played in London (in 1851).
This was followed by various tours through
the States. He died at St. Louis, where
he had undertaken the control of the local
playhouse —His daughter Florence played
L\icy in Cheltnam's ' Matchmaker ' at the
Gaiety, London, in 1871. See FarRE.v,
Ellen.
Farren, Percival. Actor, died 1S43;
son of William Farren (1725-1795); made
his professional debut in 1803, acting at
Weymouth and Plymouth (where he became
FARREX
493
FARREN
co-manager) ; going afterwards as actor and
stage-manager to Dublin, and still later
to the Haymarket and the Brunswick
Theatres. He will be remembered as the
early friend and tutor of Helena Faucit
(q.v.), in whose biography by her husband
he Kg-ures prominently. He coached Miss
Faucit for her first performance of Juliet
at Richmond (1833), and "he saw and
helped me," she writes, "in every other
character I acted until his too-early death,
which was the first great sorrow of my life.
He taught me the value of the different
metres in blank verse and in rhyme . . .
he made me understand the value of words,
nay, of every letter of every word, for the
purposes of declamation." He was, con-
tinues Miss Faucit, "a man of varied and
large acquirements, a humourist too, and a
wit." When he first met his young protf^gee,
he "had for some years been compelled by
severe attacks of asthma to quit the staii;-e."
He was the author of ' The Field of Forty
Footsteps' (q.v.) and 'The Young King'
(q-v.).
Farren, William. Actor, born 1725,
died 1795 ; was the original rei)resentative of
Careless in ' The School for Scandal ' (1777)
and of Leicester in ' The Critic ' (1779). Among
his other part<< at Drury Lane (177G-1784)
were Othello, Ilotsjnir, Bassanio, and yoiing
Mirabel. At Covent Garden, between 1784
anil 1795, he was seen as King Lear, Bucking-
ham ('Henry VIII.'), the Ghost in 'Hamlet,'
. Comus, A imwell, Honey wood (' Good-natured
Man'), Captain Absolute, etc. "Farren,"
says Genest, " was a respectable actor." See
Farren, Percival and "William.
Farren, William. Actor and theatri-
cal manager, born May, 1786, died Septem-
ber, 1861 ; son of William Farren (1725-1795) ;
made his professional (Ubut (Oxberry says)
in 1806 at the Plymouth Theatre (then
managed by his brother Percy) as Lovegold
in ' The Miser,' following that up with
Sir Adam Contest in 'The Wedding Day.'
From Plymouth he went to Dublin as " first
old man," to which he afterwards added,
for a time, the labours of manager. His first
appearance in London was made at Covent
Garden on September, 10, 1818, as Sir Peter
Teazle. Macready, in his 'Reminiscences,'
speaks of the company as receiving in
Farren "a powerful addition to its great
comic strength," describing him as " an
actor deservedly admired for his studious
correctness and the passion of his comedies,
though eclipsed by Munden and Dowton
in the rich quality of humour." In 1820
Hazlitt wrote of him that " he plays the
old gentleman, the antiquated beau of the
last age, very much after the fashion that we
remember to have seen in our younger days,
and that is quite a singular excellence in
this." Farren remained at Covent Garden
tUl the season of 1827-S, also appearing at
the Haymarket every summer from 1820
onwards. Among the parts played by him
during this period were those of Sir Andrew
Aguecheek, Shallow, Baves, Don Manuel
('She Would and She Would Not'), Lord
Oglehy ('The Clandestine Marriage'), Sir
Bashful Constant (' The Way to Keep Him '),
Sir Anthony Absolute, and Sir Fretful
Plagiary. In 1828 Farren went to Drury Lane,
where he distinguished himself specially
as Bertrand in 'The Minister and the
Mercer,' and as Michael Perrin in ' Secret
Service.' Here he stayed till 1S37. In 1837-8
he was at the Olympic, where he was the
original representative of Broadlands in
' The Country Squire,' and of Voltaire and
Frederick the Great in 'The Court of Old
Fritz,' besides figuring in the first casts of
' Naval Engagements ' {q.v.) and ' Sons and
Systems ' {q.v.). [For criticism of these as-
sumptions, see Westland Marston's ' Our
Recent Actors' (1888).] Next came a ten-
years' stay at the Haymarket as actor and
stage- manager. To this period belongs his
■ "creation " of such characters as Sir liar court
Courtley (1841), Lord Skindeep in Jerrold's
' Bubbles of the Day ' (1842), Old Parr in
Mark Lemon's drama so named (1S43), Jesse
Rural in ' Old Heads and Young Hearts '
(1844), old Goldthumb in Jerrold's ' Time
works Wonders ' (1845), and Sir Marmaduke
Topple in Bell's ' Temper ' (1847). In 1843
he had a paralytic stroke from which he
never wholly recovered. In 1848 he became
manager of the Strand Theatre, which he
left in 1850 for a similar position at the
Olympic. Dutton Cook writes : " I saw him
for the last time in 1851, I think, when he
played Lord Duberly in 'The Heir at Law.'
He seemed to be acting admirably, but in
an unknown tongue. Scarcely an intelligible
word could be picked from the confused
gabble of his utterance " (' Hours with the
Players'). He retired from the Olympic
in 1853. In July, 1855, he took a farewell
benefit at the Haymarket. Henry Morley,
writing at the time, characterized Farren as
" one of the most finished actors by whom
the stage has been adorned during the
present century." In addition to the parts
above named, Farren played Shylock (at
Birmingham), Malvolio, Polonius, Doaberry,
Kent in ' King Lear,' Shalloio, Slender, and
Dromio of Ephesus ; Marrall, Brainworm,
Sir Francis Gripe, Dr. Cantwell, old Hard-
castle, Sir Anthony Absolute, Bailie Nicol
Jarvie, Jonathan Oldbuck, Grandfather
Whitehead, and so forth. He made a few
appearances also as Miss Harloiv in 'The
Old Maid ' and Meg^ Merrilies in ' Guy
Mannering.' " In addition to his expression
of the ludicrous, this great comedian,"
writes George VandenhofI, " had a particular
grace of manner, which, assisted by his fine
person and elegant figure, admirably quali-
fied him for the representative of Loi'd
Ogleby, the dilapidated beau of the old
school. . . . Farren's Sir Peter Teazle was
equally excellent ; I have never seen any
representation of Sir Peter that could com-
pare with him for a moment in animation,
ease, naturalness of manner, and piquancy
of effect. ... He was, in truth, a finished
artist, well studied, and perfect in all the
details of his profession" ('An Actor's
Note-Book'). "There was," says G. H.
Lewes, "a certain elegance and distinction
FARREN
FASCINATING FELLOWS
about Farren which made people constantly
compare him with the best French actors.
He had a marvellous eye for costume, and
a quick appreciation of all the little details
of manner. His face was handsome, with
a wonderful hanging underlip, capable of a
great variety of expression ; he had a pene-
trating voice, a clear articulation, a singu-
larly expressive laugh ; and these qualities,
coupled with a very close observation of
characteristics, made him a finished actor—
whom nobody cared about. When I say
that nobody cared about him, I mean that
in spite of the unquestioned admiration of
his talent, there was none of that personal
regard usually felt for public favourites. . . .
Why was this? It was owing, I conceive,
to the parts he played, and to his manner of
playing them. Crusty old bachelors, jealous
old husbands, stormy fathers, worrying
uncles, or ancient fops with ghastly pre-
tensions to amiability, such were the types
which he usually presented to the public ;
and when the types were more amiable or
more humorous, there was a something in
his manner which arrested a perfect sym-
pathy. He had no geniality ; he had no
gaiety. ... He was without unction. His
laugh, wonderful as a senile chuckle, or as
a gurgle of sensuality, had no ring of mirth
in it. . . . Farren could touch a chord of
pathos gently, but he was quite incapable
of expressing any powerful emotion "
(* Actors and the Art of Acting ')• See, also,
Leigh Hunt's 'Dramatic Essays' (1S94),
Oxberry's ' Dramatic Biography,' Genest's
' English Stage,' etc. See Faucit, Mrs.
Farren, "William. Actor, born 1825 ;
younger son of William Farren (17S6-1S61) ;
began his career as a vocalist. In 1850 he
was the original Mars in Tom Taylor's
'Diogenes and his Lantern' at the Strand
Theatre, London (where he adopted the
nom-de-guerre oi "Forrester"). Thence he
went to the Olympic Theatre, where, in
1851-2, under his father's management, he
was in the first cast of ' All that Glitters
is not Gold' {q.v.') and of 'Sarah Blangi'
\q.v.). In March, 1853, he began a connec-
tion with the Haymarket Theatre which
continued uninterruptedly till 1867. During
this period he was the first representative
of Harry Arncliffe in Tom Taylor's ' Un-
equal Match' (1857), of Wayshott in his
' Contested Election ' (1859), of Frank Rush-
ton in his ' Babes in the Wood ' (1860), of
Mercury in Burnand's ' Venus and Adonis '
(1864), and of Jove in Planche's 'Orpheus'
(1865), besides figuring in the first cast of
Sulivan's 'Elopements in High Life,' Coyne's
' Hope of the Family, ' ' Old Chateau,' ' Secret
Agent,' and ' Man with Many Friends,' Saun-
ders's 'Love's Martyrdom,' Heraud's 'Wife
and No Wife,' Simpson's ' The World and the
Stage,' Falconer's ' Family Secret,' Buck-
ingham's ' Silken Fetters,' 'A Romantic At-
tachment,' and ' Diamonds and Hearts ' (all
of which see). Among his original parts
since 1867 may be named — Pornerol in ' Fer-
nande ' (St. James's, 1870), Arthur Minton in
'Two Thorns '(St. James's, 1871), Sir Geoffrey
Chainpneys in ' Our Boys' (Vaudeville, 1875),
Josiah Clench in ' The Girls ' (same theatre,
1879), Wilfred Lisle in 'The Lord of the
Manor ' (Aquarium, 1880), Pecksniff in ' Tom
Pinch' (Vaudeville, 1881), Fotheringay Tre-
vanion in Byron's 'Punch' (same theatre,
1881), Squire Hesseltine in 'The Halfway
House' (Vaudeville, 1881), JJrinktvater in
' The Opera House ' (same theatre, 1885),
James Burnett in 'On 'Change' (Toole's,
1885), Jeremy^ Soicerby in 'The Widow
Winsome' (Criterion, 1888), and Lord Ear.
borough in 'The Bookmaker' (Gaiety, 1890).
AVilliam Farren has also been seen in
London in the following (and other) cha-
racters :— At the Haymarket — Captain Ab-
solute (1853), Aimwell in ' The Beaux'
Stratagem' (1856), Orlando (1856), Duretete
in ' The Inconstant ' (1856), Charles Surface
(1857), Beauseant (1857), Master Waller in
' The Love Chase ' (1857), Sir Thomas Clifford
in 'The Hunchback' (1858), Sir Brilliant
Fashion in ' The Way to Keep Him ' (1858),
Bronzely in 'Wives as they Were' (1858),
D'Aubigny in 'Mdlle. de Belle-Isle' (1864),
Colonel Freelove in ' A Day after the Wed-
ding (1865), and Dick Dou-las in 'The Heir
at Law' (1866); at the Lyceum— Coj/ife du
Barri in 'Narcisse' (1868); at the St.
James's— T7cf or in 'The Woman in Red'
(1868), Colonel Hardy in 'Paul Pry' (1870),
and Michael Perrin in ' Secret Service '
(1871); at the Vaudeville— 5'tr Peter Teazle
(1872), and old Dornton in 'The Road to
Ruin ' (1873) ; at the lm\}GX\?i\— Grandfather
Whitehead (1878), young Wilding in 'The
Liar' (1878), Archer in ' The Beaux' Strata-
gem ' (1879), and Adam in ' As You Like It*
(1880) ; at the Princess's— Po^onms (1880) ;
at the Vaudeville — Sir John Vesey in
' Money ' (1882), and Sir Anthony Absolute
(1882) ; at the Lyceum — Colonel Damas
(1883) ; at the Strand— Lord Ogleby in ' The
Clandestine Marriage ' (1887) ; at the Cri-
terion— Digby Grant (1887) ; at the Globe —
Brigard in ' Frou-Frou' (1888) ; at the Cri-
terion— Simon Ingot in 'David Garrick'
(lb90) ; at the Gaiety— Sir Everard Foxwood
in ' A Gold Mine ' (1890) ; at the Criterion—
Sir Harcourt Courtly in ' London As-
surance ' (1890) ; and at the Vaudeville—
Mr. Butterscotch in ' The Guv'nor ' (1893).
Farren, "William.. Actor, son of
William Farren (born 1825) ; made his
London debut, it would seem, at Toole's
Theatre in May, 1882, as Prosper Matthiett
in ' After Darkness, Dawn.' He was after-
wards in the first casts of ' Bondage ' (1883),
' Vittoria Contarini ' (1887), ' Nitocris '
(1887), ' My Brothers Sister ' (1888). Among
his more recent parts in London have been
those of Colley Gibber in ' Masks and Faces '
(1888), Lord Harborough in ' The Book-
maker ' (1891), Joe Shotwell in ' My Sweet-
heart' (1891), and one of the murderers in
' Richard III.' (Lyceum, 1896). He is the
author of a dramatization of ' The Vicar of
Wakefield ' produced in 1888.
Fascinating- Fellows. A farce by
T. A. Palmer, Olympic Theatre, London,
March 18, 1876.
II
FASCINATING INDIVIDUAL
FAST FAMILY
Fascinating- Individual (A). A
farce by H. Danvers, produced at the
Olympic in June, 1856, with F. Robson as
Gustavus Adolphus Fitz-SIortnner, and other
parts by the author, Gaston Murray, Emery,
Miss Marston, and Miss Castleton.
Fascination. An "improbable"
comedy in three acts, by Harriet Jay
and Robert Buchanan, first performed at
the Novelty Theatre, London, October 6,
18><7, with a cast including Miss Jay, E.
Righton, G. Canninge, Scott Buist, and
Henry Neville.
Fashion. (1) A musical piece by Archi-
bald Maclaren, printed in 1802. (2) A
comedy by Mrs. MowATT (q.v.), produced
at the Park Theatre, New York, March 24,
1845, with W. H. Chippendale as Adam.
W. H. Crisp, sen., as Jolunaitre, T. Barry
as Tifamj, T. B. De Walden as Twinkle, Mrs.
Barry as Mrs. Tiffany, Mrs. Dyott as Mili-
nette, and Mrs. E. Knight as Prudence ; at
the .same theatre in May, 1846, with the
authoress as Gertrude ; at the Olympic The-
atrt', London, in January, 1850, with E. L.
Davenport as Adam, and his wife (Miss F.
Vining) as Gertrude. (3) A drama in three
acts, l)y Walter Stephens, Olympic The-
atre, London, June 21, 1869. (4) A play in
five acts, by Seltna Dolaro {q.v.), first per-
formed at Madison Square Theatre, New
York, on the afternoon of May 19, 1887, with
a cast including Eben Plympton, J. T. Su'li-
van, E. J. Henley, Harry Edwards, and Miss
Annie Robe.
Fashion. (1) Sir Novelty Fashion, in
C'llutERS ' Love's Last Shift,' is afterwards
Lard Fcpj'innton (q.v.). (S) Tom Fashion,
younger lirother to Lord Foiypington. figures
in Vamuu GH'.s ' Relapse ' {q.v.), Lee'.s ' Man
of Quality,' Sheridan's ' Trip to Scar-
borough,' and Hollincshead's ' Man of
gnalitv.' (3) Sir Brilliant Fashion, in
MiiU'iiY's 'The Way to Keep Him' {q.v.),
is a man of " society."
Fashion and Famine. A drama
founded by C. W. Taylor on the novel by
Mrs. A. S. Stephens so-named, and per-
formed at the National Theatre, New York,
in 1854.
Fashion, The Force of. See Force
OF Fashion.
Fashionable Arrivals. A farcical
comedy in two acts, by Mark Lemon {q.v.),
first performed at Covent Garden Theatre,
October 29, 1S40, with a cast including
Farren, Barker, Vining, Brindal, Bi-ougham,
C. J. Mathews, Madame Vestris. Mrs.
Humby, etc. ; revived at the Olympic The-
atre, London, in ^March, 1859.
Fashionable Beauty (The). A bur-
letta in three scenes, words by George
Moore and music by J. M. Glover, first
performed at the Avenue Theatre, London,
April 7, 1885.
Fashionable Friends. A comedy in
five acts, ascribed by ]Mary Berry to
Horace Walpole, but really written by her-
self ; performed originally by amateurs at
Strawberry Hill, but afterwards brought out
at Drury Lane (April 22, 1802), with C.
Ivemble as Sir Dudley Dorimant. Barrymore
as Lovell, Mrs. Young as Mrs. Lovell, Mrs.
Jordan as Miss Rackett, Mrs. De Camp as
Lady Selina Vapour, King as Sir Valentine
Vaijour, etc. ''Sir Dudley and Lovell are
Fashionable Friends. Si r ^Dudley yvunts to
seduc^i Mrs. Lovell. Lady Selina and Mr.^.
Lovell are also Fashionable Friends. Lady
Selina has been intimate with Sir Dudley,
and wishes to be intimate with Lovell. . . .
At the conclusion Sir Dudley and 3[iss
L'ackett enter as married. Mrs. Lovell re-
gains her husband's affections" (Genest).
Fashionable Girl (A). A play by H.
II. WiNSLOW, performed in U.S.A.
Fashionable Intellig-ence. A duo-
l(«gue by Percy Fendall, first performed
at the Court Tlieatre, London, on March 5,
1S94, by C. H. E. Brookfield and Miss
Lottie Venue.
Fashionable Lady (The). A ballad-
opera by J. Ralph, performed at Goodman's
Fields in 1730.
Fashionable Levities. A comedy by
Leonard M'Nally, performed at Covent
(iarden in April, 1785.
Fashionable Lover (The). (1) A
comedy based m;tinly upon Nabbes's ' Bride '
{q.v.), and printed anonymously in 1706. In
the original cast were Mrs. Oldfield, Keen,
Norris, Mills, Pinkethman, and Wilks, who
played the title part {Farcivell). (2) A
c.niedy by RiCH.ARI) ClMBERLAND (q.v.),
fiist performed at Drury Lane on January
20, 1772. with Dodd in the title part {Lord
Ahberville), Mrs. Barry as Auyunta Aubrey,
Reddish as Tyrrel, etc.
Fashions. A play by H. G. Donnelly,
performed in U.S.A.
Fast and Slow. A comedy In three
acts, produced at Drury Lane in April, 1827,
with 'Dowton, Liston, Miss Smithson, and
Mrs. Orger in the cast.
Fast Asleep. (1) A musical farce in
two acts, words by S. Birch, music by T.
Attwood, performed at Drury Lane in Octo-
ber, 1797. (2) An "eccentric comedy" in
three acts, founded by C. H. Abbott on
' Wide- Awake,' a .story by W. S. Gilbert,
and first performed at the Criterion Theatre,
London, on !March 1, 1892.
Fast Coach (The). A farce by R.
SouTAR, Gaiety Theatre, London, Septem-
ber 29, 1873 ; revived as by C. J. Claridge
and Robert Soutar at the same theatre,
March 20, 1875.
Fast Family (The). A play in four
acts, adapted by B. AVebster, jun., from ' La
Famille Benoiton ' of V. Sardou (1865). and
first performed at the Adelphi Theatre,
London, on May 5, 1866, with R. Phillips as
Benoiton. J. Billington as Didier (his son-
in-law), Miss Henrietta Simms as Blanche
(his daughter). Miss Furtado as Polydove
FAST FRIEND
496
FATAL DOWRY
(his son), Mrs. A. Mellon as Clotilde, J. L.
Toole as Prudent, and Paul Bedford as
Formichel ; performed at the Fifth Avenue
Theatre, New York, on September 5, 1874,
with D. H. Harkins as Didier, F. Harden-
herg as Benoiton, Bijou Heron as Fanfan,
:Miss Ada Dyas as Clotilde, Miss S. Jewett
as Blanche, Miss E. Rigl as Camille, etc.
Fast Friend (A). A farce by F.
Herbert, Olympic Theatre, London, July 2,
1877.—' Fast Friends' is the title (1) of a
one-act comedietta by R. Henry, first per-
formed at the Steinway Hall, London, June
14, 1878, by Miss Cowen and Miss Arditi ;
and (2) of a farcical comedy by Frank
Barrett {q.v.), first performed at Notting-
ham on September 17, 18S4, with a cast in-
cluding George Walton, Alfred Hemming,
and Miss Retta Walton.
Fast Life (A). A drama in four acts,
iby Hubert O'Grady, Operetta House,
Rhyl, October 26, 1896 ; Imperial Theatre,
London, October 24, 1898.
Fast Mail (The). A play in four acts,
by Lincoln J. Carter, first performed in
America ; produced at Rochdale in Decem-
ber, 1891, and at the Grand Theatre, Isling-
ton, in June, 1892.
Fast Men of the Olden Time. See
Rochester.
Fast Train (A). A comedietta, first
performed at the Lyceum Theatre, London,
April 25, 1853, with C. J. Mathews, Basil
Baker, and Suter in the cast.
Fatal Beauty. A drama, in a prologue
and four acts, by Gylbert Fisheu, Sadler's
Wells Theatre, April 2, 1892.
Fatal C<ird (The). A drama in five
acts, by C. Haddon Chambers and B. C.
Stephenson, first performed at the Adelphi
Theatre, London, September 6, 1894, with
"VV. Terriss as Gerald Austen, Murray Carson
as George Marrahle, H. Nicholls as Harry
Burgess, Miss Millward as Margaret Mar-
rable, and other parts by W. L. Abingdon,
Miss Vane, Miss L. Linden, Miss S. Larkin,
etc. ; first performed in America at Palmer's
Theatre, New York, December 31, 1894, with
W. H. Thompson, R. A. Roberts, and Miss
Adrienne Dairolles in the cast ; adapted to
the French stage by Pierre Decourcelle
under the title of ' La Dame de Carreau.'
Fatal City (The). A play by J. R,
Garey, performed in the United States.
Fatal Constancy (The). (1) A tragedy
by HiLDEBRAND JACOB, acted at Drury
Lane in 1723. (2) " A sketch of a tragedy,
in the heroic taste," by William White-
head, printed in 1754.
Fatal Contract (The). A tragedy by
William Heminge, produced in 1653 ;
altered and revived in 1675 under the title
of 'Love and Revenge' {q.v.), and printed
in 1687 as ' The Eunuch ' {q.v.). The scene
lies in France, in the reigns of Childeric I.
and Clotaire II.
Fatal Curiosity (The). A tragedy in
three acts, by Gp:orge Lillo {q.v.), first
performed at the Haymarket in 1736, with
Roberts and Mrs. Charke as old Wilmot ?in(i
his wife, T. Davies as young Wilmot, Miss
Jones as Charlotte, etc. Young Wilmot, re-
turning from India, is shipwrecked on the
coast of Cornwall, but lands safely along
with a casket of jewels. "He discovers
himself to Charlotte, with whom he is in
love. He has a Curiosity to see his parents
[who have been reduced to penury] without
being known to them. ... He gives his
mother the casket. Her Curiosity prompts
her to open it. She persuades her husband
to murder the strp.nger. After the murder
they discover him to be their son. Wilmot
stabs his wife, and then himself. This
story was founded on fact." The piece -svas
revived at the Haymarket in 1755, and again
in 1782 (with some slight alterations by
Colman), Bensley and Palmer being the old
and young Wilmots and Mrs. Bulkeley the
Charlotte ; at Drury Lane in May, 1797, with
Kemble and Barrymore as the Wilmots,
old and young, Mrs. Siddons as Agnes, Mrs.
Powell as Charlotte, etc. ; at the Haymarket
in July, 1803, with Young and J. Palmer as
the old and young iriYmois, and Mrs. Bellamy'
as Charlotte. The play was performed at
Bath in June, 1813, as ' The Cornish Ship-
wreck,' and with an additional scene from
Lillu's pen, T-engough and Stanley being the
Wilmots, and Mrs. Weston the Agnes.
Fatal Discovery (The). (1) An
anonymous tragedy, apparently suggested
by the story of CEdipus and Jocasta, and
acted at Drury Lane in 1698, with Mrs.
Cross as Eromena, Powell as Comoro, Mrs.
Knight as Beringaria, and other parts by
Mrs. Powell, Mrs. Verbruggen, etc. Cot'
naro, after marrying Eromena, discovers
that she is his daughter by his mother
{Beringaria), with whom, years before, he
had unwittingly intrigued. Beringaria goes
mad and kills Eromena, and Cornaro is
killed in a duel with Eromena's lover. (2)
A tragedy by John Home {q.v.), first per-
formed at Drury Lane on February 23, 1769,
with Barry and Mrs. Barry in the principal
parts {Bonan, Prince of Mowen, and Rivine,
daughter of the King of the Isles).
Fatal Dowry (The). A tragedy by
Philip .Massinger and Nathaniel Field,
first printed in 1632, " as it hath been often
acted at the private house in Blackfriars by
his Majesty's servants." Concerning the re-
spective shares of Massinger and Field in
the play, see the paper by Robert Boyle,
read before the New Shakspere Society.
" The scene lies at Dijon, in Burgundy.
The Marshal Charalois had died in prison,
in consequence of debts contracted for the
general good. . . . Young Charalois offers
to surrender himself as a prisoner for his
father's debts, on condition that his father's
body shall be buried. . . . Rochfort is so
struck with the noble behaviour of Chara-
lois that he pays his debts, and gives him
his daughter, Beaumelle, in marriage. She,
though in love with young Novall, makes no
I
FATAL ERROR
497
FATAL MARRIAGE
objection to the match, but continues her
attachment to Novall. ... In the fourth
act Charalois detects Novall and Beaumelle
in such a situation as leaves no possibility
of doubt. He forces Novall to fight and
kills him. Beaumelle is penitent ; Chara-
lois kills her. . . . Pontalier, the friend
of young Novall, stabs Charalois. Romont
[the friend of Charalois] kills Pontalier"
(Genest). In 1703 Rowe made 'The
Fatal Dowry ' the basis of his ' Fair
Penitent' ((7. t'.), and in 1758 it formed the
foundation of Aaron Hill's ' Insolvent ' iq-v.).
Adapted by Shiel, it was revived at Drury
Lane on January 5, 1825, with VVallack as
Charalois, Terry as Rochfort, Macready as
Romont, and Mrs. W. West as Beainni'lle
[see Genest's analysis of the adaptation].
"It was repeated on January 7, and bade
fair to prove a great attraction, when a
serious illness which befell Macready inter-
rupted its career." On January 11, T. Lovell
Beddoes -wrote to a friend: "'The Fatal
Dowry ' has been cobbled sure, by some pur-
blind ultra-crepidarian ; but nevertheless
I maintain 'tis a good play, and might have
been rendered very effective by docking it
of the whole fifth act (which is an excre-
scence), recreating Novall and making Beau-
melle a good deal more ghost-gaping and
moonlightish." The play was revived at
Sadler's Wells in August, 1845, with H.
Marston as Charalois, G. Bennett as Roch-
fort, Phelps as Romont, and Miss Coo])er as
Beaumelle. "If," says A. W. Ward, "some
of its characters possess more individuality
than belongs to the large majority of Mas-
singer's dramatic characters, the construc-
tion is less happy than in the case of many
other plays of his. Our sympathy is, to be
sure, powerfully engaged at the outset on
behalf both of the noble Charalois and of
the generous Rochfort. . . . But when the
action proper of the play commences, and
Beaumelle falls a victim to the seductions
of a contemptible fi-ibble, her guilt remains
so wholly without excuse or ' motive ' as to
find no atonement, in a dramatic sense,
even in her repentance and death" ('Eng-
lish Dramatic Literature'). See Downes's
'Roscius Anglicanus,' and the various edi-
tions of ^Slassinger's works.
Fatal Error (The). See Woman Kill'd
WITH Kindness.
Fatal Extravag-ance (The). A
tragedy by " Joseph Mitchell " (Aaron
Hill), originally written in one act, with
only four characters, and performed at
Lincoln's Inn Fields in April, 1721 ; after-
wards expanded into five acts, with two
additional characters, and presented at
Drury Lane in 1726. " Belmour kills a
creditor who holds his bond, of which he
also robs the dead man, mixes a 'cordial,'
administers it to his wife and three children
(off the stage), drinks and dies" (Doran).
See Prodigal.
. Fatal Falsehood (The). (1) A tragedy
in three acts, by J. Hewitt, performed at
Drury Lane in 1734. (2) A tragedy by
Hannah More, acted at Covent Garden in
May, 1779, with a cast including Wroughton,
Lewis, Aikin, Miss Younge, and Mrs.
Hartley.
Fatal Friendship (The). (1) A play
by BURROUGHES, entered on the books of
the Stationers' Company, September 4, 1646.
(2) A tragedy by Catharine Trotter
(Mrs. Cockburn), acted at Lincoln's Inn
Fields in 169S, with Betterton as Gramont,
Yerbruggen as Castalio, Thurmond as Bell-
yard, Kynaston as Count Roquelaure, Mrs.
Bracegirdle as Felicia, and Mrs. Barry as
Lamira.
Fatal Glass (The); or, The Curse
of Drink. A drama in three acts, by J. J.
M'Closkey, first performedat the Brooklyn
Park Theatre on April 1, 1872 ; at the
Bowery, New York, October 4, 1874.
Fatal Intervie-w (The). A tragedy
in prose, by Thomas Hull, based on
passages in Richardson's ' Pamela,' and
performed at Drury Lane in November,
1782, with a cast comprising Mrs. Siddons,
Mrs. Bulkeley, Mrs. Brereton, Brereton,
Smith, Aikin, Bannister, jun., and Farrar,
Fatal Jealousy (The). A tragedy
ascribed by Duwnes to Nevil Payne, and
acted at the Duke's Theatre in 1672, with
Smith as Don Antonio, ISIrs. Shadwell as
C(tlia (his wife), Sandford as Jasper (his
servant), Nokes as a nurse, Nat Lee (the
poet) as a captain of the watch, and other
parts by Mrs. Betterton, Medbourne, etc.
Antonio is jealous of Ccelia. She has been
ruined by Jasptr, who kills himself.
Fatal Leg-acy (The). A tragedy by
J. Robe, taken mainly from Racine's
' Thebais,' and performed at Lincoln's Inn
Fields in 1723, with a cast including Boheme,
Ryan, Quin, Mrs. Boheme, and Mrs. Bullock.
Fatal Letter (The). (1) A drama in
three acts, by W. E. Suter, East London
Theatre, May 9, 1868. (2) A play first per-
formed at the Union Square Theatre, New
York, April 14, 1884, with Miss Helen Barry
in the leading female role.
Fatal Love. (1) "A French tragedy
by George Chapman : " thus entered on
the books of the Stationers' Company, June
29, 1660. (2) ' Fatal Love ; or. The' Forc'd
Inconstancy : ' a tragedy by Elkanah
Settle (g.v.), founded on the story of
Clitophon and Leucippe, and acted at the
Theatre Royal in 1680. (3) ' Fatal Love ;
or, The Degenerate Brother : ' a tragedy by
O. S. W^ANDESFORD, performed at the Hay-
market in 1730.
Fatal Marriag-e (The); or, The
Innocent Adultery. A tragedy in
five acts, by Thomas Southerne, first per-
formed at the Theatre Royal in 1694, with
Kynaston as Count Baldwin, Williams as
Biron, Betterton as Vdleroy, Powell as Car-
los, Dogget as Fcryiando, Bowen as Jaqve-
line, Michael Leigh as Fahian, Yerbruggen
FATAL RETIREMENT
40S
FATE OF SPARTA
as Frederick, Mrs. Knight as Julia, Mrs.
Bracegirille as Victoria, and Mrs. Barry
as Isabella. The innocent adultery is that
which Isabella commits when she marries
Villeroy. Her first husband, Biron, has
been disinherited by his father, the Count,
for marrying her, and has gone to the
wars. He is supposed to be killed there,
and, after seven years, Isabella, now in
great poverty, consents to marry Villeroy.
On the following day Biron returns. He is
murdered by the minions of his younger
brother Carlos, who accuses Villeroy of the
deed. Thereupon Isabella loses her reason
and commits suicide. Fernando is the hus-
band of Julia and the father of Fabian and
Victoria, who is in love with Frederick.
Jaqueline is Frederick's servant. All these
characters figure in the comic sub-plot. The
play was revived at Drury Lane in 1709 ; at
the same theatre in 1717, with Mrs. Porter
as Isabella ; at Covent Garden in March
and May, 1734 ; at Drury Lane in April,
1744, with Garrick as Biron, Giffard as
Villeroy, Yates as Fernando, Mrs. Giffard
as Isabella, and Peg "Woffington as Victoria ;
at Drury Lane in March, 1750, with Mrs.
Pritchard as Isabella; and at Covent
Garden in April, 1755, with Peg Woffington
as Isabella. In December, 1757, Garrick
produced at Drury Lane a shortened and
altered version of the play, with himself
again as Biron, Havard as Villeroy, and
Mrs. Gibber as Isabella. In this revival all
the comic sub-plot was omitted. In March,
1770, the piece was brought out at Covent
Garden (with Smith as Biron and Mrs.
Bellamy as Isabella) under the title of
' Isabella,' the name under which it was
ever afterwards represented. Of ' Isabella.'
always without the sub-plot, there were
revivals at Drury Lane in 1774, with Mrs.
Yates as Isabella; at Covent Garden in
177S, with Lewis as Biron ; at Drury Lane
in October, 17S2, with Mr.«. Siddons as
Isabella ["generally considered," says
Genest, "as her best part— nothing was
ever seen on the stage superior to her
last two acts;" see, also, T. Davies' de-
scription] ; at Covent Garden in 1784, with
Henderson as Biron and Mrs. Crawford as
Isabella ; also in 1803, with Mrs. Siddons
as before, J. P. Kemble as Biron, C. Kemble
as Carlos, and Mrs. Davenport as the Nurse ;
also in 1814, with Young as Biron. Egerton
as Villeroy, and Miss O'Neill as Isabella;
and also in 1830, with C. Kemble as Biron,
G. Bennett as Carlos, and Miss Fanny
Kemble as Isabella. The tragedy was re-
vived by Phelps at Sadler's Wells in Sep-
tember, 1845, with H. Marston as Biron and
Mrs. Warner as Isabella. (2) ' The Fatal
Marriage:' a drama in prologue and three
acts, by E. Towers, East London Theatre,
September 10, 1870.
Fatal Retirement (The). A tragedy
1 y Anthony Brown, performed at Drury
Lane one evening in 1739. This play was
declared by Quin, who acted in it, to be
"the very worst he had ever read in his
life."
Fatal Secret (The). See Duchess of
Malfi, The.
Fatal Sno-wstorra (The). A romantic
drama in two acts, by William Barry-
more (q.v.), performed at Astley's Theatre,
London, with a cast inchiding Gomersal
and Mrs. Barry more.
Fatal Vision (The); or, The Fall
of Siara. A tragedy by A. Hill, acted at
Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1716.
Fatality. A drama in one act, by
Caroline Boaden, first performed at the
Haymarket Theatre, September 2, 1829,
with a cast including Brindal, Cooper,
Webster, Mrs. Glover, and Miss Kelly.
Fate. (1) A drama by H. G. Gregory,
produced at Middlesborough-on-Tees on
March 9, 1874. (2) A drama by Bartley
Campbell (q.v.), performed at the Gaiety
Theatre, Glasgow, in February, 1876, with
Miss Carlotta Leclercq as Helen Farriday,
and other parts by Charles Groves, A. Lyle,
Miss L. Gourlay, etc. ; produced at Lad-
broke Hall, London, on May 6, 1882 ; and at
the Gaiety Theatre on the afternoon of
August 6, 1884, with I\Iiss Edith Jordan as
Helen, and other parts by H. St. Maur, A.
W^illiams, Fuller Mellish, and L. Cautley.
Fate and Fortune ; or, The Junior
Partner. A drama in four acts, by James
F. Blood, produced at the Princess's The-
atre, London, on July 27, 1891.
Fate of Galas (The). An historical
drama in three acts, adapted by Thomas
DiBDiN from the French of Victor, and first
performed at the Surrey Theatre, London,
with a cast including I3engough as Calas,
"O" Smith, Chatterley, Mrs. Horn, etc.;
revived at the same theatre in 1835. This
piece was founded on fact. In the play
Calas is accused of murdering his son, but
is acquitted. In real life he was sentenced
to the wheel, and died thereon. Voltaire
tells the story in his treatise on toleration.
Fate of Capua (The). A tragedy by
Thomas Southerne (q. v.), acted at Lincoln's
Inn Fields in 1700, with Betterton as Vir-
ffinijis, Verln'uggen as Junius, INIrs. Barry
as /'rt (;o?h'« (wif e of Virginius), etc. "This
play is chiefly historical, but Southerne has
interwoven with the political events some
very interesting domestic scenes " (Genest).
These have to do with the platonic loves uf
Junius and Favonia, varied by the jealousy
of Virf/iniiis, which is shown to have no
foundation. See Downes.
Fate of Sparta (The); or, The
Rival King-s. A tragedy by Mrs. Cowley,
first performed at Drury Lane on January
SI, 1788, with Kemble and Bensley as
Cleomhrotus and Leonidas (the "rival kings '
of Sparta), Barrymore as Amphares, anu
]Mrs. Siddons as Chelonice (daughter o)
Leonidas and wife of Cleombrotns). Am
l)hares is a villain who aspires to the throne,
of Sparta, and tries to persuade Clc.om
brotus that Chelonice is unfaithful to him.
Southerne deals with the same subject ii
S
If:
Iff:
%
I
FATE OF VILLANY
499
FATINITZA
his ' Spartan Dame ' (q.v.). Parsons is said
to have made the following epigram ex
tempore, after witnessing the piece . —
* Ingenious Cowley ! while we view'd
Of Sjiarta's sons tlie lot severe.
We caught the Spartan fortitude,
And saw their woes without a tear."
Fate of Villany (The). A play per-
formed at Goodman's Fields in l^ebruary,
1730, and attributed to Walker, the actor
(q.v.).
Fate's Decree. A drama, in a prologTie
and five tableaux, adapted from Edward,
Lord Lytton's novel, ' Paul Clifford,' by
H. W. Williamson, and first performed at
Sanger's Amphitheatre, London, September
17, 18S3.
Fates and Furies. A drama in six
tableaux, by G. B. Densmoue, first per-
formed at the Grand Opera House, Cali-
fornia, in July, 1876, with G. M. Ciprico as
Monsieur Albert ; performed at Surrey The-
atre, London, in October, 1877, with Ciprico,
supported by J. A. Arnold, II. C. Sidney,
A. C. Lilly, Watts Brunton, Arthur Wil-
liams, Miss Lamartine, and Miss Augusta
Stuart.
Father (The). (1) A comedy translated
from ' Le Pere de Famille ' of Diderot, and
printed in 1770. (2) A comedy performed
in New York in 1789. (3) A tragedy l)y
August Stkindberg, translated' by N.
Erichsen (1899).
Father and Daughter. A novel by
INIrs. Oi'iE, published in IblO, and drama-
tized by W. T. :Moncriei'F (q.v.).
Father and Son. (1) A comedy,
printed in ' Tlie New British Theatre '
(1814). (2) A melodrama by E. Fitzball,
first performed at Covent Garden in Feb-
ruary, 1825, with Bennett and Cooper in the
two title characters — the Count St. AiigeriUe
and his son Victor. The Count is supposed
to have killed his ward Amy. Victor, to
save his father, declares himself to be the
murderer, and is about to be shot, when
the Count throws himself into his arms,
protesting that Father and Son will die
together. (3) A drama performed in New
York in January. 1839, with Miss Charlotte
Cushman as Ceiestine.
Father Baptiste. A drama in three
acts, by Edward Stirling (q.v.), printed
in Dicks's 'British Drama' (1871).
Father Buonaparte. A play in three
acts, by Charles Hudson, first performed
at the Olympic Theatre, London, March 19,
1891, witli Wilson Barrett in the title part,
and other rdlcs by Miss Winifred Emery,
Miss F. Ivor, Miss L. Belmore, A. Melford,
F, McLeay, etc.
Father of a Family (The). A comedy
in three acts, translated from ' II Padre di
Faniiglia' of Carlo Goldoui, and printed iu
1757.
Father PaxQ. A play adapted by John
COLKMAN and C. A. Clarke from the French,
and first performed at Sheffield.
Father Satan. A drama in five acts,
by Harry F. Spiers, Britannia Theatre,
London, Jnne 22, 1896.
Father's Oath (The). A drama in
four acts, by Fred Gould, Princess's The-
atre, Glasgow, October 24, 1892.— 'The
Father's Revenge : ' a tragedy by the Earl
of Carlisle, published in 1783.—' A Father's
Sacrifice : ' a drama in two acts, adapted by
W. R. Varty from a novelette by T. W.
Speight, School of Dramatic Art, Argyle
Street, London, February 16, 1887. — 'A
Father's Sin : ' a drama in four acts, by
II. Burrows Smith, Theatre Royal, Wool-
wich, April 5, 1886.
Father's Tragredy (The). An histori-
cal play by Michael Field (q.v.), published
in 1885.
Fatherland. (1) A drama in five acts,
adapted by Henry Labouchere from the
' Patrie ' (q.v.) of Sardou, and first performed
at the Queen's Theatre, London, on January
3, 1878, with Hermann Vezin as the Duke of
Alcci, Arthur Stirling as Count Rysoor, E. H.
Brooke as Karloo, Shiel Barry as Jonas,
J. liillington as Lord Wharton, Miss Hen-
rietta Hodson as Dolores (Countess lir/soor).
Miss Maud Milton as Inez. See Betrayed
and Dolores. (2) A drama in four acts, by
Sydney R. Ellis, performed at the Union
Square Theatre, New York, August, 1893.
— Two other plays with this title— one
by T, R. Sullivan and W. W. Chamber-
lain, and the other by F. T. Isham
and E. Weitzel— have been performed in
America.
Fathers (The) ; or, The Good-
Natured Man. A comedy by Henry
Fielding, first performed (with music by
Michael Arne) at Drui-y Lane Theatre iu
November, 1778, witli Bensley and Parsons
as Boncour and Valence, "the fathers" in
question. The piece has to do with pro-
posed marriages between Young Boncour
and Miss Valence on the one hand, and
Young Valence and Miss Boncour on the
other, neither of Avhich comes off. Mrs.
Baddeley played Miss Valence. Among
otlier characters were Sir George Kennel
and his son (Baddeley and Dodd).
Fathom, in Knowles's ' Hunchback '
(q.v.), is servant to Master Walter.
Fathoms Deep. A drama by John
B. Cleve, Sadler's Wells Theatre, London,
March 24, 1883.
Fatima figures in the various drama-
tizations of the story of ' Blue Beard ' (q.v.).
There is also (2) a Fatima in ' Cymon and
Iphigenia' (q.v.), and (3) a Fatima in
' Oberon ' (q.v.).
Fatinitza. A comic opera in three acts,
libretto by Henry S. Leigh, music by Von
Suppe, first performed at the Alhambra
Theatre, London, June 20, 1878, with Miss
Greville as Vladimir, a young Russian
lieutenant who represents a certain Fatinitza
in some private theatricals, and in that
FATTED CALF
FAUCIT
character excites the amorous attentions of
a Russian general (Aynsley Cook). Other
parts -svere in the hands of Miss Rose Lee,
Miss A. Newton, F. Mervin, J. J. Dallas, etc.
Fatted Calf (The). A play by Wil-
liam Gill, performed in U.S.A.
Faubert. A character in Pinero's
' Money Spinner' (q.v.).
Faucit, Guy. The lover of Daisy Brent
in Merivale's ' Cynic' (q.v.).
Faucit, Harriet [Mrs. Humphrey
Bland]. Actress, born 1799, died at Boston,
U.S.A., 1S47 ; sister of Helena Faucit (q.v.) ;
figured in 1S28 at the Haymarket as Ophelia
and Letitia Hardy, " and became a favourite
actress there and in the provinces " (Sir T.
Martin). "She was an excellent actress,"
says George Vandenhofif, "both in tragedy
and comedy ; with natural talents for the
stage quite equal to those of her more
fortunate sister." See Sir T. Martin's
' Helena Faucit ' (1900).
Faucit, Helena Saville [Lady Mar-
tin]. Actress, born 1817, died October,
1898 ; daughter of John Saville Faucit (g. v.),
and pupil of Percival Farren (q.v.) ; having
enacted Juliet and other parts at the Rich-
mond Theatre (in 1833), made her first pro-
fessional appearance on January 5, 1836, at
Covent Garden, as Julia in 'The Hunch-
back' (q.v.). Her success was immediate
and great, and she was at once engaged by
the proprietors of the theatre for three
years at £30 a week. During the remainder
of 1836 and in 1S37 (up to the end of July),
she figured as Belvidera ('Venice Pre-
served'), Mrs. Haller ('The Stranger'),
Juliet, Lady Townley (' The Provoked Hus-
band'), Mariana (^ The Wife'), Cleraanthe
('Ion'), Mrs. Beverley ('The Gamester'),
Katherine ('Taming of the Shrew'), Portia,
Desdemona, Lady Teazle, Constance (' King
John'), Beatrice, and Queen Katherine
('Henry VIII.'), besides being the original
representative of Lady Margaret in Joanna
BaUUe's ' Separation,' Florinda in ' Don
Juan of Austria,' the heroine of Bulwer's
' Duchess de la Valli^re,' Erina in Knowles's
' Brian Boroihme,' Lucy Carlisle in Brown-
ing's ' Strafford,' and Marion in Knowles's
' Wrecker's Daughter.' In September, 1837,
Osbaldiston having retired, Macready be-
came manager of Covent Garden, and with
him Miss Faucit remained as "leading
lady." In the course of the next two years,
accordingly, she was seen as Hermione
('Winter's Tale'), Desdemona, Jane Shore,
Cordelia (1838), Violante ('The Wonder'),
Imogen, Miranda (' Tempest '), and Rosalind
(1839), besides being the original interpreter
of Clotilda in 'The Novice,' Jane in 'The
Parole of Honour,' Pauline in 'The Lady
of Lyons ' (1838), Marina in Byron's ' Two
Foscari,' Creusa in Talfourd's ' Athenian
Captive,' Hero in Knowles's ' Woman's Wit,'
and Julie de Mortemar in Bulwer's 'Riche-
lieu' (1839). In July, 1839, Macready left
Drury Lane, and accepted an engagement
at the Haymarket, for which ]Miss Faucit
was also secured. At this theatre her parts
included Mrs. Oakley (' Jealous Wife ') and
Julia (' The Rivals '). She was also the first
interpreter of Violet in Bulwer's ' Sea Cap-
tain,' Helen Campbell in Talfourd's ' Glencoe '
(1840), Lady Dorothy in Serle's ' Master
Clarke,' Clara Douglas in Bulwer's ' Money,'
and the heroine of Troughton's ' Nina
Zf orza ' (18il). From the Haymarket Mac-
ready returned to Drury Lane as manager,
and Miss Faucit Avent with him to play, as
before, the "feminine lead." She joined
him in February, 1842, and remained with
him till June, 1843, when he surrendered
the direction of the theatre. Her original
parts during this period included Sop>hronia
in Griffin's 'Gisippus,' Angiolina in Byron's
' Marino Faliero,' Maddalene in ' Plighted
Troth,' Lady Mabel in Westland ^larston's
' Patrician's Daughter,' Mildred in Brown-
ing's 'Blot on the 'Scutcheon,' Lady Laura
in Knowles's ' Secretary,' and Elfrida in
Smith's ' Athelwold.' She also played Ange-
lica in Congreve's ' Love for Love ' and the
Lady in ' Comus.' Acting with Macready
at Dublin in ilay, 1842, she had undertaken
for the first time Virginia in Knowles's
play, and Lady Macbeth. In November,
1843, she began a provincial "starring"
tour, in the course of which she visited
Edinburgh, Glasgow, Dundee, Cork, and
Limerick, figuring in a round of her most
popular r6les, and appearing at Cork, for
the first time, as Ophelia (1844). Next came
an engagement in Paris, with ^Macready,
in December, 1844, and January, 1845. In
the French capital her Desdemona, Ophelia,
Virginia, Lady Macbeth, and Juliet were re-
ceived with enthusiasm by both press and
public. Another provincial tour followed,
and in the course of it (1845) she was seen
in Dublin as Antigone (q.v.) for the first
time. At Edinburgh her Lady Macbeth
was witnessed by "Christopher North," who
declared it to be "the true" one— " Mrs.
Siddons has misled us ! " Returning to
the country next year, she presented at
Dublin her Isabella in 'The Fatal Mar-
riage ' and her Iphigenia in ' Iphigenia in
Aulis.' At the Ha>Tnarket in October, 1847,
she played Florence Delmar in the original
cast of Westland Marston's ' The Heart and
the World.' At Edinburgh in 1848 she
added to the list of her parts Anne Brace-
girdle in Oxenford's ' Tragedy Queen ' (q.v.).
Her Evadne in Shiel's drama (q.v.) was first
submitted to the public in the same year,
at Dublin. At Sheffield in 1850 she was
the first lolanthe in Sir Tlieodore ^Martin's
adaptation of ' King Rene's Daughter ' (q.v.).
Another original part, also in 1S50, was
that of Marie de Meranie in Westland Mar-
ston's 'Philip of France,' at the London
Olympic. In August, 1851, Miss Faucit was
married to Sir (then Mr.) Theodore Martin.
Her next appearance on the boards was
made in April, 1852, at Manchester, where
she ■^la.yed Adrienne Lecouvreur for the first
time, in an ailaptation made by her husband. ,
Just a year later she appeared at the Hay-
market as the first representative of the
heroine of BroAvning's 'Colombe's Birthday'
i
FAUCIT
FAULKENER
(^.r.), while in June, 1S55, at the same
theatre, she was the original Margaret
in Saunders's ' Love's Martyrdom ' {q.v.).
"This," says her husband and biographer,
" was the last of the many characters which,
according to a current phrase, she created."
From this time onwards, till 1S71— when,
after a farewell engagement at Manchester,
she abstained from the regular practice of
her profession— Miss Faucit confined herself
to performances, in London and the count^-y,
of the most popular characters in her wide
repertory. She acted at Her Majesty's and
the Lyceum in 1858, and at Drury Lane in
1864 and 1S66. Between 1873 and 1879 she
made several single appearances for the
benefit of individuals or institutions. Thus
in the former year she played Rosalind at
the Haymarket ; in 1874, Lady Teazle at
Drury Lane, and Beatrice at the Haymarket ;
in 1875, Rosalind at Drury Lane, and
lolanthe ; in 1876, lolanthe at the Lyceum ;
in 1S70, Beatricein the Shakespeare Memorial
Theatre, Stratford-on-Avon (of which she
had laid the foundation-stone in 1877), and,
later in the same year, Rosalind at Man-
chester. This last was her final appearance
on the stage. For biography and criticism,
eee Miss Faucit's volume ' On Some of .Shake-
speare's Female Characters ' (1885), in which
there is much autobiographical matter ;
' Helena Faucit (Latly Martin),' by Sir Theo-
dore Martin (1900); and 'Actors ami Ac-
tresses of Great Britain and America ' (18S6).
For criticism, see Sir Archibald Alison's
'Essays' (1850), Henry Morley's 'Journal
of a London Playgoer' (1866), Sir Arthur
Helps's 'Realmah' (1868), and Blackico,,d's
Magazine for December, 1885 (an article by
Miss j\L Stokes). Sir Archibald Alison
wrote of Miss Faucit: "She is a combina-
tion of Mrs. Siddonsand Miss O'Neill ; with
the majestic air and lofty thoughts of the
former, and as great pathetic power, not
less winning gi-ace, but far greater variety
than the latter. Flexibility of power is her
great characteristic, versatility her dis-
tinguishing feature. Like Garrick, she
«xcels equally in tragedy or elegant comedy :
it is hard to say whether her Rosalind is the
more charming or her Ladg Teazle the more
fascinating, her Bclvidern the more moving
or her Juliet the more heart-rending. Dark
raven locks, a fine figure, and singularly
expressive countenance, bestow on her all
the advantages which, in addition to the
highest mental gifts, beauty never ceases
to confer on woman ; and a disposition
marked by deep feeling, alternately lively
and serious, .sportive and mournful, playful
and contemplative, gives her that command
of the expression of different emotions and
that versatility of power which constitute
her great and unequalled charm." In 1S43
Browning wrote in Miss Faucit's album a
poem which concluded thus —
" ' Genius' is a common storj' '•
Few guess tliat the spirit's glory
They hail nightly, is the sweetest,
Fairest, gentlest, and comjiletest
Shakespeare's-lady's, ever poet
Longed for : few guess this : / know it."
Faucit, John Saville. Actor, the-
atrical manager, and dramatic writer, died
1857 ; after a good deal of experience in the
provinces as an actor, went with his wife
(q.v.) in 1813 to Covent Garden, where he
" performed low-comedy characters of little
importance." He afterwards became man-
ager of the Margate, Gravesend, and Green-
wich Theatres. It was written of him in
1825 : " He is a man about the size of Kean,
with an expressive countenance. He is
allowed to be a very excellent serio-panto-
mime actor, and has very considerable
talent as a low comedian " (Oxberry's ' Dra-
matic Biogi-aphy '). Later he was a mem-
ber of the Adelphi company under Yates,
and, still later, manager of the Nottingham
Theatre. He was the author of the follow-
ing plavs — 'Fair Rosamond' (1821), 'New-
ton Foster ' (1836), ' Wapping Old Stairs '
(1837), 'Aldgate Pump '(1841), 'The Bump
of Benevolence ' (1841), 'The Last Shilling'
(1844). His son, EDMUND Saville Faucit
(born 1811, died 1857), played "lead" at
the Surrey, Victoria, and City of London
Theatres between 1837 and 1852
Faucit, Helena, and Faucit, Mrs.
See
Faucit, Mrs. Jolin Saville [Harriett
Diddear]. Actress, born 1789, died 1857 ; made
her professional debut at Dover in 1804, and
in 1805 was married to John Saville Faucit
(^q.v.). With him she acted successively at
Richmond, on the Norwich circuit, and
at Newcastle, making her first appearance
in London at Covent Garden on October 7,
1813, as Desdemona, which was followed by
her Juliet, her I'olumnia, her Queen in
'Richard III.,' and so forth. Among her
other roles were Cleopatra. Lady Constance,
Ilennione, Isabella (' Fatal Marriage '), Bel-
videra (' Venice Preserved '), Lady Teazle,
the Widow Cheerly, etc. "For tragic
assumptions generally," WTOte a contem-
porary critic, " we do not think her emi-
nently qualified ; she is better calculated
to represent the heroines of melodrama or
the sentimentalists of comedy " (Oxberry's
'Dramatic Biography,' 1825). She retired
from the stage in 1824. "She was," says
Sir Theodore Martin, "tall and singularly
handsome, and her fine figure and distinc-
tion of manner appear to have given a
special charm to her varied accomplish-
ments as an actress." On the death of her
husband, in 1857, she married William
Farren (17S6-1S61).
Faulconbridg-e, Philip. The natural
son of Richard I. in Shakespeare's ' King
John' ('2-1'.). '
Faulkener. A tragedy in five acts, by
William Godwin, first performed at Drury
Lane in December, 1807, with Elliston in
the title part, R. Palmer as Benedetto
Marsigli, Powell as Cou7it Orsini, Mrs.
Powell as Cou7itess Orsini, and Mrs. H.
Siddons as Lauretta Delmonte. Faulkener
is the son of the Countess by a former union ;
Lauretta, seduced by the Count and deserted
by him on his marriage, employs Benedetto
FAULKLAND
FAUSTUS AND FAUST
to tell Faxdkener that his mother has been
the mistress of Charles Stuart (afterwards
Charles II.). Faulkener fights Benedetto
and kills him, is arrested, but is acquitted
after his mother has made public confession
of her fault. This play was admittedly
founded on an incident in Defoe's story of
' Roxana ; or, The Fortunate Mistress.'
Faulkland. The fretful lover of Julia
(q.v.) in Sheridan's 'Rivals' (q.v.).
Faulkner. The name of characters in
(1) 'Man and Wife' (q.v.) and (2) Lord
Lytton'S ' Rightful Heir ' (q.v.).
Fauntleroy, Little liord. See Little
Lord Fauntleroy.
Fausta. wife of Cris2n(s in Lee's
' Constantine the Great ' (q-v.).
Faustine. A drama in three acts, by
Sir Charles L. Young (q.v.), first performed
at Bristol on April 9, ISfcO ; produced at
the Olympic Theatre, London, on June 24,
18S0,
Faustus and Faust. The history of
Faustus, so far as the English stage is con-
cerned, begins with the year 15S8— that in
Avhich (it would appear) (1) ' The Tragical
History of Dr. Faustus,' by Christopher
Marlowe, was first performed. In the
previous year there had been published, at
Frankfort-on-the-Main, the ' Historia von
D. Johann Fausten, dem weit-beschreyten
Zauberer und Schwartkiinstler,' a work on
which, it is believed, was based ' A Ballad
of the Life and Death of Doctor Faustus,
the Great Conjurer,' published later in 15S7.
In 1588 there was a second edition of the
' Historia,' from which was made an English
version, issued shortly after, entitled ' The
History of the Damnable Life and Deserved
Death of Dr. John Faustus.' Upon this
translation was based, it seems clear, the
play by Marlowe (apparently the first upon
the subject). To the ' Historia,' in some
form, Marlowe (says Havelock Ellis) "gene-
rally adhered ; in the incidents of the drama,
and their sequence, he followed his autho-
rity. The wearisome comic passages, which
Marlowe may or may not have written, are
copied with special fidelity." For the rest,
" Marlowe changed the point of view. Faust
is no longer an unintelligible magician
looked at from the outside, but a living man
thirsting for the infinite. . . . Marlowe's
Faustus is not impelled, like the Faustus
of the legend, by the desire of ' worldly
pleasure ;' ... it is power, power without
bound, that he desires, all that is in the
world, the lust of the flesh and the lust of
the eyes and the pride of life. . . . For
Marlowe, also, magic was a possible reality."
Marlowe's play seems to have been first
published in 1601, but the earliest known
edition is dated 1604. In this are included
certain " additions " from other hands.
Further additions, "comic" and otherwise
(ascribed by Fleay to Dekker), occur in an
edition of 1616. Among recent separate
editions of the text are those of A. W. Ward
(1S7S), Henry Morley (1SS6), and Israel
Gollancz (1S97). See also the editions of
Marlowe's works by Dyce, Cunningham,
Ellis, and BuUen. There is no doubt that
]SIarlowe's Faustus was one of Alleyn's
parts. The play was revived by the Eliza-
bethan Stage Society in 1896, being per-
formed at St. George's Hall, London, on
the evening of July 2 and the afternoon of
July 4. For criticism, see Hazlitt, Charles
Lamb, and Addington Symonds. — At the
Queen's Theatre in Dorset Gardens there
was produced, between 1684 and 1688, a
farce in three acts, by William Mountfort
(q.v.), entitled (2) 'The Life and Death of
Dr. Faustus, with the Humours of Harlequin
and Scaramouch.' This was an adaptation
of Marlowe's work. Mountfort, says Genest,
"has taken the serious scenes almost word
for word, with omissions only. In the comic
scenes he has made some immaterial changes.
He has added Harlequin and Scaramouch,
two very good comic characters," acted re-
spectively by Jevon and Leigh. The piece
was printed in 1697.— From farce Faustus
degenerated into pantomime, figuring as
the central personage in (3) ' Harlequin
Dr. Faustus, with the Masques of Deities,'
performed at Drury Lane in 1723, and re-
vived, with alterations by Woodward, in
1766.— Later in 1723 there was produced at
Lincoln's Inn Fields another pantomime,
entitled (4) ' The Necromancer ; or. Dr.
Faustus' (q.v.). — In December, 1793, the
management of Covent Garden produced
a pantomime named (5) ' Harlequin and
Faustus ; or, The Devil will have his own,'
for which Samuel Arnold wrote the music.
In 1798 Goethe published the first part of
his ' Faust,' and, from that time onward,
English plays on the subject of Faust were
all more or' less indebted to that work, of
which, by the way, the chief English trans-
lations are those by A. Hayward (1833), J.
Anster (1835), Sir T. Martin (1870), Bayard
Taylor (1871), and Miss A. Swanwick (1879).
— On May 16, 1825, came (6) ' Faustus,' a
romantic drama in three acts (and with
songs), by G. Soane and D. Terry, produced
at Drury Lane, with Wallack as Faust, Terry
and " O." Smith as Mephistopheles, Harley as
Wagner (pupil of Faustus), Miss J. Paton
as Rosolia, Miss Stephens as AcUne, etc.
" Terry," says Genest, "seems to have acted
Meijhisto'pheles when he speaks, and '0.'
Smith when he does not speak." In this
piece, Faustus, who has seduced Adine,
Rosolia' s cousin, falls in love with, and,
aided by Mephistojyheles, cai-ries off. Eosolia
herself. Instigated by Mephistopheles he
kills, and assumes the form of, the King
of Naples. — To September, 1842, belongs
(7) the romantic drama in two acts, by
H. P. Grattan, entitled ♦ Faust ; or. The
Demon of the Drachenfels,' and first per-
formed at Sadler's Wells. In this piece, T.
Lyon was Faust, Henry Marston Mephisto-
pheles, Miss Caroline Rankley Marguerite,
and Mrs. R. Barnett Ilanchen (the sewing-
maid). (8) In the same year a version of
' Faust ' was brought out in NeAV York,
with Wallack in the title part.
In August, 1850, ' Faust et Marguerite,^
i
FAUSTUS AND FAUST
503
FAUSTUS AND FAUST
play by Michel Carre, founded on the first
part of Goethe's drama, was produced at the
Gymnase, Paris, with Bressant as Faust,
Lesueur as Mephistopheles, and Mdme. Rose
C'heri as Marr/nerite. Of this drama T. W.
Robertson made a translation, in three
acts, which, entitled (9) 'Faust and Mar-
guerite,' was first performed at the Prin-
cess's Theatre, London, on April, 1854, with
David Fisher as Faust, C. Kean as Mephis-
topheles, J. F. Cathcart as Valentine, H.
Saker as Siebel, Miss Carlotta Leclercq as
Margu^.rite, and Mrs. Winstanley as Martha.
This piece was revived at the Princess's in
1S58, and at the same theatre in April, 1871,
witli Phelps as Mephistopheles and Miss Rose
Leclercq as the heroine. With Miss Wallis
as Manjueriti-, it was revived at the Theatre
Royal, Manchester, in February, 1873. It
was reproduced at the Queen's, Manchester,
in May, 1901, with H. Cooper - Cliffe as
Mephistojjheles, J. Wainwright as Valentine,
Miss Clara Denman as Marguerite, and Miss
Alice Belmore as Martha.— The Princess's
production was travestied by J. IIalford,
in an " operatic extravaganza" entitled
(10) ' Faust and Marguerite ; or, The
Devil's Draught,' first performed at the
Strand Theatre, London, on June 8, 1S54,
with ;Miss G. Hodson as Faust, C. Ber-
nard as Brandynose, Miss 11. Gordon as
Marguerite, and the author as Mephisto-
pheles. This burlesque, modernized and
revised by its author, was revived at tlie
Olympic Theatre, London, December, 1S66,
with Miss E. Farren as Faust, Miss Sheridan
as Valentine, G. Vincent as Mephistopheles,
W. H. Eburne as Brandynose, Dominic
Murray as Marguerite-Tictjens-Patti-Lucca-
Wezen, and Mrs. Stephens as Martha.
In 1859 Gounod's 'Faust,' with libretto
by Carre and Barbier. was brought out at
the Theatre Lyrique, Paris. (11) With an
English libretto by H. F. Chorley (g.v.),
it was produced at Her Majesty's Theatre,
London, on January 23, ls64. (12) ' Faust
and Marguerite,' a travesty by F. C. Bur-
nan u, was first performed at the St. James's
Theatre, London, on July 9, 18G4, with Ashley
as Faust, C. J. Mathews as Mephistopheles,
H. J. Montague as Valentine, Mrs. Charles
Mathews as Marguerite, and J. Clarke as
Da)nc Martha. (13) ' Faust ; or. The Fate
of :\Iargaret,' a romantic play in four acts
and in blank verse, adapted by Bayle
Bernard from Goethe's play, was first
performed (with music by Ilaydn, Weber,
Spohr, Mendelssohn, and Bishop) at Drury
Lane on October 20, 1S66, with E. Phelps as
Faust, W. Harrison as Valentine, C. Har-
court as Siebel, F. Barsby as Wagner, Mrs.
Hermann Vezin as Margaret, Mrs. H. Van-
denhoff as Martha, S. Phelps as Mephis-
topjheles, and other parts by C. Warner, W.
Mclntyre, C. Seyton, etc. ; revived at Drury
Lane in September, 1S67, with Phelps and
Mrs. Vezin as before. (14) ' Faust ; or,
Marguerite's ]\Iangle : ' a burlesque by C.
H. Hazlewood, Britannia Theatre, Lon-
don, March 25, 1867. (15) 'Very Little
Faust and More Mephistopheles,' by F. C.
Burnand (1869) iq.v. ). (16) ' Little Faust '
j iq.v.), words by H. B. Farnie, music by
I llerve (1870). (17) ' Faust and Margue-
rite : ' pantomime by W. Osman, Ea^t Lon-
don Theatre, December, 1873. (18) 'Little
, Doctor Faust,' by H. J. Byron (1S77) {q.v.).
(19) 'Gretchen,' by W. S. Gilbert (1879)
iq.v.). (20) 'Faust in Three Flashes:' a
musical oddity, music by W. A. Langstone,
words by J. J. Blood, Prince of Wales's The-
atre, Birmingham, March 5, 1884. (21) 'Dr.
Faust and his Marguerite '('/.v.) : a burlesque
(1885). (22) 'Faust in Forty Minutes:' a
burlesque by Fred. Locke, Gaiety Theatre,
Glasgow, August 17, 1*55.
(23) 'Faust:' a tragedy in a prologue
and five acts, adapted and arranged by W.
G. Wills from the first part of Goethe's
tragedy, was first performed at the Lyceum
Theatre, London, December 19, 1885, with
Henry Irving as Mephistopheles, H. B. Con-
way (and, later, George Alexander) as
Faust, G. Alexander as Valentine, S. John-
son as Siebel, Norman Forbes as a student,
H. Howe as the Burgomaster, Martin
Harvevas a soldier, Mrs. Stirling as Martha,
^Uiss Ellen Terry as Margaret, T. Mead,
J. Carter, and J. Archer as witches, etc. ;
produced, for the first time in America, at
the Star Theatre, New York, November 7,
1887, with H. Irving and Miss Terry in
their original parts ; revived at the Ly-
ceum in April, 1888, with H. Irving, Miss
Terry, and G. Alexander as before, C. Glen-
ney as Valentine, Mrs. Chippendale as.
Martha, etc. ; revived at the Lyceum in
April, 1894, with H. Irving and Miss Terry
as before, W. Terriss as Faust, Julius
Knight as Valentine, Miss M. A. Victor as
Martha, Miss Kate Phillips as Bessy, etc.
(24) ' Faust and Loose ; or, Brocken Vows : ''
a burlesque by F. C. Burnand (q.v.), first
performeil at Toole's Theatre, London, on
February 4, 1SS6, with J. L. Toole as Mephis-
topheles, E. D. Ward as Faust, W. Brunton
as Valentine, Miss Marie Linden as Mar-
garet, and G. Shelton a.s Margaret's mother.
(25) 'Fau.st and Co.:' a "new [burlesque]
version of the old story," by George Lash
Gordon, Theatre Roval, Greenock, Feb-
ruary 27, 1886. (26) ' Faust Up to Date : '
a burlesque in three acts, by G. R. Sims
and Henry Pettitt, music by Herr Meyer
Lutz, first produced, October 30, lsS8, at
the Gaiety Theatre, London, with Harry
Parker as old Faust, Miss Fanny Robina
as young Fau.st, E. J. Lonnen as Mephis-
topheles, G. Stone as Valentine, Miss J.
McNulty as Siebel, Miss E. Broughton as
Wagner, Miss Maria Jones as Martha, Miss
Florence St. John as Marguerite, and other
parts by Miss F. Levey and Miss Mabel
Love ; produced at the Broadway Theatre,
New York, December 10, 1889 ; revived at
the Gaiety, London, in July, 1892. (27)
• Faust : ' a burlesque, Standard Theatre,
London, July 20, 1891. (28) ' The Damna-
tion of Faust' (?.i-.), by Hector Berlioz
(Liverpool, 1894). (29) 'Little Mister
Faust : ' a burlesque, words by Arthur
Leslie, music bv Frank Foster, Parkhurst
Theatre, Holloway, August 18, 1894. (30)
' Faust and Margaret : ' a play by Brian
FAUVETTE
504
FAWCETT
Bonshoraraes (Les). See
Daly and C. W. Somerset, Opera House,
Leicester, January SO, 1899, with C W.
Somerset as MepMstopheles and Miss Violet
Clayton as Margaret ; West London The-
atre, February is, 1S99.— Fausi is a cha-
racter in BUR.VAXD's ' Alonzo the Brave,'
and in ' Mefistofele II.'
Fauvette. An opera-comiqne in three
acts, based on ' La Fauvette du Temple '
(Paris, 18S5), music by Andre Messa2;er,
libretto adapted by Alfred Ray and L.
Fontaine, tirst performed at the Lyceum
Theatre, Edinburgh, MaylS,lS91 ; produced
at the Royalty Theatre, London, on Novem-
ber 16, 1S91, with Miss Florence Burns in
the title part, and other roles bv H. Lingard,
W. H. Rawlins, H. Child, etc.
Faux
Humbug.
Favart, Charles and Madame. See
Madame Favart.
Favette. (1) A comedietta in one act,
adapted Ijy .John Tresahar from a story
by Oiiida, and tirst performed at the Vaude-
ville Theatre, London, January 29, 1885. (2)
A plav by Estelle Clayton, performed in
u.s.a".
Favonia. "Wife of Virginius in South-
erne's ' Fall of Capua ' (5. v.).
Favourite (The). (1) A play by
Aubrey Boucicault (^.r.), tirst performed
at San Francisco on October 24, ls92, with
the author as the hero and E. J. Henley as
a detective. The "favourite" is a race-
horse. (2) A musical farce in one act,
words bv Captain Coe, music by Geo. L.
Chesterton, Crystal Palace, April 24, 1S93.
(3) A sporting drama in four acts, by
Riada, Elephant and Castle Theatre, Lon-
don, March 13, 1S99.
Favourite of Fortune (The). A
comedy by Westland Marston {qv.), first
performed at Glasgow in March, 1866, with
E. A. Sothern as Frank Annerley, Miss Kate
Savile as Hester Lorrington, Miss Golier as
her sister Lucji, Miss Hodson as Euphemia
Witherhy, W. H. Kendal as Tom Sutherland,
Fitzroy as Fox Bromley ; produced at the
Haymarket Theatre on April 2, 1866, with
E. A. Sothern and Miss Savile in their
original parts, J. B. Buckstone as Tom
Sutherland, W. H. Chippendale as Fox
Bromley, Mrs. Chippendale as 3[rs. Lorring-
ton. Miss Nelly Moore as Lucy Lorrvipton,
3Irs. E. Fitzwilliam as Mrs. Witherby, 'Miss
Caroline Hill as Enj^hemia, Miss H. Lindley
as Camilla; revived at Terry's Theatre on
the afternoon of November 15, 1SS7, with
C. Hayden Coffin as Annerley, W. Lugg as
Sutherland, Sant Matthews as Bromley, Miss
Lucy Roche as Mrs. Lorrinjton, Miss M.
Millett as Hester, Miss R. Bearing as Lucy,
Miss Webster as Mrs. Witherhy, Miss Cud-
more as Euphemia, and Miss M. Caldwell
as Camilla.
Favourite of the King: (The). An
historical play in four acts, by F. S. Boas
and Jocelyn Brandon, performed at the
Comedy Theatre, London, on the afternoon
of March 11, 1890, with Royce Carleton in
the title part {Duke of Buckingham), and
other roles by Miss JDorothy JDene, Miss
Annie Rose, Mrs. C. L. Carson, Miss Louise
Moodie, Bassett Roe, etc.
Faw, Fee, Fo, Fum. A pantomime
by E. L. Blanchard, Drury Lane Theatre,
December 26, lSo7.
Fa-wcett, Charles S. Actor and play-
wright ; author of ' Bubbles ' (1881), ' A
Tragedy' (1887), 'Katti' (1883), 'Madcap
Midge' (1889 \ 'For Charity's Sake' (1891),
' Trooper Clairette,' adaptation (1892),
'Beauty's Toils' (1893), etc.; was in the
original cast of ' The Paper Chase ' (1888),
'Run Wild' (1888), 'Cycling' (1888), 'The
Two Johnnies' (1S89), 'Our Flat,' as Regi-
nald Sylvester (1889), 'A Night's Frolic'
(1891). 'The Mischief-maker' (1891), 'The
Sequel ' (1891), ' A Lucky Dog ' (1892), etc.
Fawcett, Edg-ar. American play-
wright ; author of ' Americans Abroad,'
'The Earl,' 'The False Friend,' 'Sixes or
Sevens,' etc.
Fawcett, John. Actor, died 1793 ; was
" brought up under Dr. Arne, was a good
musician and a respectable singer, and
sustained originally many vocal characters
in ' Midas ' [1764], ' Cymoi'i ' [1767], etc., etc."
(Oxberry's ' Dramatic Biography '). He
was, says the same authority, " an actor
of more utility than note."
Fawcett, John. Actor and vocalist,
born 1768, died 1837 ; son of John Fawcett
(died 1793) ; was apprenticed to a linen-
draper, but ran away from home, and made
his tirst appearance as a player at Margate
under the name of " Foote." He went
afterwards to Tunbridge, where he played
Romeo, Shylock, Othello, etc, and was very
popular. Joining the York circuit in 1787,
he made such a success as Jemmy Jump
in O'Keefe's ' Farmer ' that he was induced
to confine himself for the future to the
comic drama. His reputation in this de-
partment secured him an engagement at
Co vent Garden, where he made his London
debut on September 21, 1791, as Caleb in
'He Would be a Soldier' and Simpkin in
'The Deserter.' With this theatre he
maintained connection till his retirement
from the stage in 1830. In 1798 he was
engaged to appear at the Haymarket, of
which he became stage-manager, and with
which he remained associated till 1808, re-
turning to it in 1816. Among the original
parts sustained by him at these two play-
houses were those of Dr. Pangloss in ' The
Heir at Law ' (1797), Caleb Quotem in ' Throw
Phvsic to the Dogs ' (1798) and ' The Re-
view ' (1800), Ollapod in ' The Poor Gentle-
man' (1801), Job Thornberry in ' John Bull'
(1804), Bartholo in 'The Barber of Seville'
(1818), Rolamo in ' Clari ' (132-3), and Captain
Copp in ' Charles II.' (1S24). His miscel-
laneous parts included FaMaf, Touchstone,
Sir Pertinax, Sycophant, Lord Ogleby, old
Dornton, and Puf. He married Mrs. Mills
FAWN
FAZIO
I
in 17S8, and Miss Gaudry about 1806. From
1S08 to 1837 he was treasurer and trustee of
the Covent Garden Theatrical Fund. His
contributions to stage literature include
• Obi ' (1800), ' Perouse,' an adaptation
(1801"), 'The Fairies' Revel' (1802), and
'The Enchanted Island,' an adaptation
(1804) ; he was also co-author, with Dibdin,
of 'The Brazen Mask' (1802) and 'The
Secret Mine' (1812). "Full of vis comica,
delighting his audiences by his first repre-
sentations of the whimsicalities and eccen-
tricities of our race, without any objection
to a little caricature . . . yet," says W.
Robson, " had he something in him clearer
than all this, for the best tragedian held
not our human sympathies more completely
in his power than did John Fawcett. . . .
His comedy had, perhaps, too much man-
nerism in it, but his pathetic was Nature's
own" ('The Old Playgoer'). "Nobody,"
says Hazlitt, "could give the vieiv halloa
of a fox-bunting country squire like him.
... In turbulent and pragmatical chai-ac-
ters, and in all that cast of parts which
may be called the slang language of comedy,
he hardly liad his equal" ('Criticism and
Dramatic Essays'). See, also, Wilkinson's
• Wandering Patentee,' ' Thespian Dic-
tionary ' (ls>05), Leigh Hunt's ' I'erformers
of the London Theatres' (1807), ' JMographia
Dramatica'(1812), Genest's ' English Stage'
(1832), and Planche's ' Recollections and
Reflections ' (1870).
Fawn, James. Actor and comic singer ;
appeared as Jrrri/ in ' Life in London Fifty
Years Ago' (1870), JJaddtf Goberon in Mus-
kerry's ' Atonement ' (1872), DHreti'te in
' The Inconstant ' (1877), and in the follow-
ing pantomimes : ' Children in the Wood '
(1874-5), ' Mother Goose ' (1880-1), ' Sindbad '
(1882-3).
Fawsitt, Amy [Mrs. Menzies]. Ac-
tress, dietl in New York, December 26, 1876 ;
after experience at Plymouth and New-
castle-on-Tyne, made her London debut at
the Holborn Theatre on May 1, 18C9, as
Flora Granger in 'The Mistress of the Mill '
(q.v.). She went next to the Vaudeville,
where she was the first representative of
Jiose Cherie in Craven's 'Philomel' (1870),
Jemima in Halliday's ' For Love or Money '
(1870), Lottie in Albery's ' Two Roses ' (1870),
and Jenny in Albery's 'Apple Blossoms'
(1871). She was seen at the same theatre
as Lady ■ Teazle, Sophia (in ' The Road to
Ruin '), and Lady Gay Spanker. She after-
wards played some engagements in America.
Fay o' Fire (The). A romantic opera
in two acts, written by Henry Herman,
composed by Edward Jones, and first per-
formed at the Opera Comique, London, on
November 14, 1885, with Miss Agnes Dela-
porte as Ina (the fay), and INIiss Mane
Tempest, Miss M. Grahame, Fredk. Leslie,
H. Walsham, F. Wood, and C. Manners in
other part--. An interval of five hundred
years was supposed to elapse between the
two acts.
Fay o' tlie Fern (The). A fantastical
farce in one act, by Robert George Legge,
New Theatre, Oxford, February 4. 1893;
produced in two acts. Comedy Theatre,
London, on the afternoon of March 6, 1893.
Fayre Rosamond. See Fair Rosa-
mond.
Fazio. A tragedy in five acts, by Henry
Hart Milman, Dean of St. Paul's. In
Oxberry's ' Dramatic Biography ' we read :
"The circumstances which attended this
tragedy are peculiar. It was originally
offered to Covent Garden Theatre and re-
fused ; afterwards it was printed [in 1815]
and was to enter a second edition [1816], and
Mr. Dibdin, of the Surrey Theatre, melo-
dramatized it. [This was in 1817, with
Huntley as Giraldi Fazio and Miss Taylor
as Bianca.] Miss Somerville [afterwards
Mrs. Bunn] had long read the work with
delight, and suggested the play to Mr.
Dimond [of Bath]. They accordingly ' cut '
the book, and arrangements were made for
its production," which took place at the
Bath Theatre in January, 1818, with Con-
way as Fazio, Chatterley as Bartolo, Foote
as the Dulce of Florence, Miss Somerville as
i?mnc«, and Mrs. Chatterley as the Marchesa
Aldabella. On her return to London, Miss
Somerville suggested the production of the
piece at Drury Lane, but her advice was not
taken, and the play accordingly made its
metropolitan debut ^t Covent Garden in Feb-
ruary, 1818, Avith Miss O'Neill as Bianca,
Mrs. Faucit as Aldabella, Charles Kembleas
Fazio, JUanchard as Bartolo, and Egerton
as the Duke. The piece had fifteen repre-
sentations. It was revived at Drury Lane in
October, 1823, with Mrs. Bunn once more
as Bianca, Mrs. Glover as Aldabella, Younge
as Fazio, and Terry as Bartolo. Among
more recent revivals may be named those at
the Princess's, London, in 1845, with Miss
C. Cushman as Bianca, Graham as Fazio,
and Oxberry as Bartolo : at Sadler's Wells
on December 2, 1847, M-ith H. Marston as
Fazio and Miss Laura Addison as Bianca ;
at Drury Lane in April, 1850, with Cooper
as Fazio; at Sadler's Wells in 1851, with
JVIiss Glyn as Bianca; at the Haymarket in
January, 1854, with Miss C. Cushman again
as Bianca; at Drury Lane in December.
1854, with Miss Marriott as Bianca ; at the
Lyceum (in Italian) in June, 1857, with
jNIdme. Ristori as Bianca [for a description
of this performance see :Morley's ' London
Playgoer']; at the Adelphi in 1865, witli
Miss Bateman as Bianca, Mrs. Billington as
Aldabella, G. Jordan as Fazio, C. J. Smith
as Bartolo, and Stuart as the Duke ; at the
Gaiety on March 13, 1876 ; at the Lyceum
in January, 1877, with Miss Bateman again
as Bianca ; in the English provinces in 1877,
with Mrs. Lancaster- Wallis as Bianca; at
Liverpool in May, 1887, with IMiss Mary
Anderson as Bianca [in which part she had
first appeared, in America, in 1876] ; at the
Strand on the afternoon of July, 1890, with
Miss Ivanowa as Bianca, Mrs. Bennett
as Aldabella, Lewis Waller as Fazio, John
Carter as Bartolo, and Julian Cross as the
Duke. Fazio and Bianca are man and wife.
FEAR NO MORE," ETC.
506
FECHTER
but the former has been in love with Alda-
hella. Bartolo, a rich miser, has been set
npon by robbers, and dies of his -wounds.
His assailants, however, have not captured
his money, and Fazio, who is not well-to-do
and knows the facts, buries the miser, and
then carries off his wealth. Later he suc-
cumbs to the fascinations of Aldahella, and
Bkmca, distraught with jealousy, hints to
the Duke that the body of Bartolo is to
be found in the garden of the house for-
merly occupied by Fazio. It is discovered
there, and Fazio is charged with murder.
He is executed in due course, Aldahella
is sent into a convent, and the sorrowing
and repentant Bianca dies of a broken
heart.
"Fear no more the heat o' the
sun." First line of the song sung by Gui-
dcrius and Arviragus over the body of
Imogen, in act iv. sc. 2 of ' Cymbeline.'
William Collins wrote "a song to be sung
by Guiderius and Arviragus over Fidele."
Fear of Robert Clive (The). A play
in one act, by Sarah Grand and Haldane
M'Fall, performed, "for copyright pur-
poses," at the Lyceum, London, July 14,
1896.
Fearful Fog- (A). A farce by Frede-
rick ILvY, first performed at Glasgow in
February, 1871 ; produced at the Vaudeville
Theatre, London, on April 22, 1871.
"Fearful Tragedy in the Seven
Dials." A farce in one act, by Charles
Selby, adapted from ' Le ^lassacre des In-
nocents,' and first performed at the Adelphi
Theatre, London, May 4, 1857, with E.
AVright and Paul Bedford in the cast.
Feast of Bacchus (The). A comedy
" in the Latin manner," founded by Robert
Bridges (g.v.) on the ' Heautontimoru-
menos ' of Terence.
Featherbrain. (1) A comedy in three
acts, adapted by James Albert from the
'Tete de Linotte' of Barriere aiul Gf>ndinet,
and first performed at the Criterion Theatre,
London, on June 23, 1884, with W. Mack-
intosh as Coney, G. Giddens as Day, W.
Blakeley as Peitigreiv, C. D. INIarius as Ruy
Gomaz, Miss Marie Jansen as Mrs. Coney,
Miss R. Saker as Mrs. Pettigreiv, Miss
Norreys as Gimp, and other parts by Miss
Evesson, Miss A. Rose, and Miss Vining ;
produced at the Madison Square Theatre,
New York, in May, 18S9, with Miss Minnie
^laddern as Mrs. Coney, Miss Adeline Stan-
hope as Mrs. Pettigrew, AVilton Lackaye as
Gomaz, etc. (2) A play by D. D. Lloyd,
performed in U.S.A.
Featherley, Felix and Mrs. Cha-
racters in Stirling Coyne's ' Everybody's
Friend' (' The Widow Hunt').
Featherston, Vane. Actress ; was in
the original casts of ' The Pickpocket ' (1886),
'The Lodgers' (1887), 'The Doctor' (1887),
'The Arabian Nights' (18S7), 'The Spv'
(188S), ' Nerves ' (1890), ' Jane ' (1890), ' Hus-
band and Wife' (1891), ' The Awakening'
(1892), ' To-day ' (1892;, ' A Comedy of Sighs '
(1894), 'The Swordsman's Daughter ' (1895)
' One of the Best ' (1895). ' In the Davs of the
Duke' (1897), ' Sweet-and-Twenty ' (1901),
' The Great Millionaire ' (1901), etc.
Featherstone, Felix and Mrs.
Husband and wife in Grundy's ' Snowball'
iq-v.).
Featherstone, Isabella. See Paul,
Mrs. Howard.
Fechter, Charles Albert. Actor
and playwright, born circa 1822-1824 ; died
August 5, 1879 ; had a German father and
an English (or, as some say, a Piedmontese)
mother. His birthplace, according to one
authority, was London, and, according to
another, Belleville, Paris. It was in Paris
that he first acted— in 1840, and at the
Salle Moliere — as an amateur. Between
1844 and 1860 he appeared at the Comedie
Frangaise, the Vaudeville, the Ambigu
Comique, the Varietes, the Theatre His-
torique, the Porte of St. Martin, and the
Odeon, being the original representative of
Louis and Fabien in ' Les Freres Corses'
and of Armand'm 'La Dameaux Camelhas.'
In 1845 he acted in London as member of
a French company. His first appearance
in England as an English-speaking actor
was at the Princess's Theatre, London, on
October 27, 1860, where he played Ruy
Bias in Falconer's adaptation of Hugo's
play {q.v.). On December 8 he figured at
the same house as Louis and Fabien dei
Franchi, in an English version of 'Les
Freres Corses.' On February 11, 1861, at
the same theatre, he was seen as Don
Ccesar de Bazan, in an adaptation of the
French play so named (q.v.). Next came,
on March 20, 1861, his debut as Hamlet,
followed in October by appearances as
Othello. January, 1863, witnessed his as-
sumption of the management of the Ly-
ceum Theatre, where he opened as Henri
de Lagardere in ' The Duke's Motto ' (' Le
Bossu') (g.v.), this being succeeded in Oc-
tober by his Angelo in the first production
of ' Bel Demonio ' (' L'Abbaye de Castro ')
(q.v.). In October, 1864, he '"created" the
character of Fanfan in ' The King's Butter-
fly ' (' Fanfan la Tulipe ') (q.v.). In 1S65 he
was the first interpreter of Robert Macaire
in 'The Roadside Inn' (' L'Auberge des
Adrets ') (q.v.), of Belphegor in ' The Mounte-
banks' ('Paillasse'), of Leone Salviati in
' The Watch Cry ' (' Lazare le Patre ') (q.v.),
and of Edgar in Palgrave Simpson's ' Master
of Ravenswood' (q.v.). To 1867 (January)
belongs Fechter's Maurice d'Arbel'm 'Rouge
et Noir' ('Trente Ans de la Vie d'un
Joueur'), and (October) his first appearance
as Claude Melaotte. In November of this
year he retired from the Lyceum, and
appeared at the Adelphi as the original
Obenreizer in Dickens's and Collins's 'No
Thoroughfare' (q.v.). In October, 1868, he
figured at the same theatre as Edmond
Dantes in a dramatization of ' Monte Cristo,'
and in IVIarch, 1869, was the first interpreter
there of the Coiate de Layrac in his and
II
FECHTER
FEIGNED COURTEZANS
Wilkie Collins's 'Black and White' {q.v.).
In 1S70 he went to America, heralded by an
article in the Atlantic MontJdy, in which
the writer, Dickens, said that he could not
wish the American people a better actor
than they would find in his friend. He
made his dehut in January, at Niblo's Gar-
den, New York, appearing as Ruy Bias.
His success was immediate, and was sus-
tained on tour. His London rentrie took
place at the Adelphi in March, 1S72. In
the same year he became lessee of the
French Theatre in New York, which he re-
christened the Lyceum. In April, 1873, he
appeared at the Grand Opera House, and
just a year later was the first repi-esenta-
tive (at the Park Theatre) of Karl in 'Love's
Penance' (adapted by himself from 'Le
Medecin des Enfants '). In 1875 he met
with two serious accidents, and after that
he appeared only occasionally on the stage.
At the time of his death he was occupant
of a farm near Philadelphia. See Pascoe's
'Dramatic List' (1880), Kate Field's ' C. A.
Fechter' (1882), and 'Actors and Actresses
of Great liritain and America ' (1866). " In
' Ruy Bias ' and the ' Corsican Brothers '
Fechter was recognized," says G. H. Lewes,
"as an excellent actor — not by any means
a great actor, very far from that ; but one
who, in the present condition of the stage,
was considered a decided acquisition. He
then i)layed Ilaml^t, and gave a new and
charming representation to a part in which
no actor has been known to fail ; hence the
uncritical concluded that he was a great
actor. But when he came to a part like
Ofhrllo, which calls upon the rarest capa-
bilities of an actor, the public then remem-
bered that he was a foreigner, and dis-
covered that he was not a tragedian. His
Ilamlft was one of the very b^st. and his
Othdlu one of the very worst, I have ever
seen. . . . His physique enabled him to re-
present Hamlet, and his naturalism was
artistic. His physique wholly incapacitated
him from representing Othello, and his
naturalism, being mainly determined by
his personality, became utter feebleness. . . .
Fechter is lymphatic, delicate, handsome,
and, with his long flaxen curls, quivering
sensitive nostrils, tine eye, and sympathetic
voice, perfectly represents the graceful
prince" (' Actors and the Art of Acting').
"His success in 'The Duke's Motto'"
(wrote Dutton Cook, in 1867) " led to an un-
fortunate selection of plays. ' Bel Demonio,'
'The King's Butterfly,' and 'The Watch
Cry,' were found to be among the most
worthless productions of the modern school
of drame lo which they pertain. Nor w'as
Mr. Fechter more successful in his reper-
tory of Frederick Lemaitre. ... As Robert
Macaire, it was clear that Mr. Fechter was
rather a gentleman affecting the bravo,
than, as he should be, a bravo aping the
airs of a gentleman. While, for the dreary
horrors of such a play as ' Rouge et Noir,'
it was not possible for him, even with his
utmost display of grace and skill and pathos,
to obtain public countenance. ... It is
only just to recognize in Mr. Fechter an
artist who has conferred many benefits upon
the English stage. He has afforded a
valuable study to native comedians. His
example is a sort of stimulus to new con-
ceptions of character. He has exhibited
the advantage of appraising theatrical
methods from a fresh standpoint. . . , He
has made the public acquainted with the
value of grace and variety of gesture upon
the stage, while he has put to rout many
absurd conventions and customs which
had obtained fixed acceptance among us"
(' Nights at the Play,' lfc83). See, further,
Henry Morley's ' Journal of a London Play-
goer,' the Theatre magazine for September
and October, 1879, and Scribner's Magazine
(vol. 21). — Fechter's son, Paul, appeared
with his father in 'Belphegor,' at the Ly-
ceum in 1865. He died in May, ISSS.
Federal Spy (The) ; or, Pauline of
the Potoraacs. A play produced at the
New Bowery Theatre, New York.
Federig-o, Count, figures in Tenny-
SO.N's ' Falcon ' (q.v.).
Fedora. A play in four acts, by Vic-
torien Sardou, rendered in English by Her-
M\y Mekivale, and first performed at the
Haymarket Theatre, London, on May 5, 1883,
with Mrs. Bernard Beere in the title part,
]Mrs. Jiancroft as Countess Ohja, Miss Julia
G Wynne as Dmitri, C. F. Coghlan as Loris
Ipanoff, S. B. Bancroft as Jean dc Siriex,
C. Jirookfleld as Gretch, etc. ; revived at
tlie Haymarket Theatre in May, 1895, with
H. B. Tree as Loris, Nutcombe Gould as
iJc Siriex, Holman Clark as Gretch, Mrs.
Patrick Campliell (and, later, Mrs. Tree) as
Fedora, Mrs. Bancroft as the Countess. The
piece was produced in ls.83 at Fourteenth
Street Theatre, New York, with Miss Fanny
Davenport as the heroine and R. B. Mantell
as Loris. It was played in the English
provinces in 188-1, with Miss Laura Villiers
as Fedora and Arthur Dacre as Loris.
Feeble. Uncle to Harriet in Murphy's
' Upholsterer' (^.r.).
Feeny, Michael. The informer in
BouciCAULT's ' Arrah-na-Pogue ' (q.v.).
Feig'n'dAstrolog-er(The). A comedy
translated from Corneille, who had himself
borrowed from Calderon's ' El Astrologo
Fingido ; ' printed in 1668.
Feig-ned Courtezans (The); or, A
Nig-ht's Intrig-ue. A comedy by Aphra
Behn, acted at the Duke's Theatre in 1679,
Avith Mrs. Barry as Cornelia, Mrs. Currer as
Marcella, Mrs. Lee as Laura, Betterton as
Galliard, Smith as Sir Harry Fillamour,
Crosby as Julio, Leigh as Petro, Nokes as
Sir Signal Buffoon, Underbill as Tickletext,
etc. Cornelia and Marcella are sisters, who
run away from home, and pretend to be
courtezans, in which supposed character
they have various adventures with Galliard
and Sir Harry, whom in the end they marry.
Petro is servant to the sisters ; Tickletext is
tutor to Sir Signal.
FEIGN'D FRIENDSHIP
503
FEMALE PATRIOT
I
Feig-n'd Friendship. A comedy, per-
formed at Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1699.
Feig-n'd Innocence (The). See Sir
Martin Mar-all.
Feig-nwell, Colonel. The hero of
Mrs. Cemlivre's ' Bold Stroke for a Wife '
(q.V.).
Feint Astrolog-ue (Le). See Even-
ing's Love, An.
Felice, in Marston's ' Antonio and Mel-
lida ' (r/.r.), is "a shrewd, contemplative
cynic, and sarcastic spectator of the drama
of human life."
Felicia. A play adapted by A. R.
Cazairan from 'Le Fils de Coralie ' of
Delpit, and first performed at the Union
Square Theatre, New York, ISSl, with
Miss Rose Eytinge, Miss Sara Jewett, C
Thome, and J. Parselle in the cast. See
Coralie.
Felicia. Wife of Gramont in Mrs.
Cockburn's 'Fatal Friendship' {q.v.).
Felix; or, The Festival of Roses.
An opera in two acts, written by John
Oxenford, composed by Meyer Lutz, and
performed in 1865.
Felix, Don, in Mrs. Centlivre's
' Wonder ' (q.v.), is the lover of Violante.
Felix and Philiomena. A " history,
shewed and enacted " at Greenwich, by Her
Majesty's servants, in January, 1585.
Felon of Brueres (The). A play de-
scribed as " a paraphrase " of ' Therese the
Orphan of Geneva,' the heroine of the latter
becoming the hero of the former.
Felon's Bond (The). A drama in three
acts, by W. E. Suter ; first performed at
the Queen's Theatre, London, on September
10. 1859.
Felton, John. See John Felton.
Female Academy (The). A comedy
bv the Duchess of Newcastle, printed in
1662.
Female Adventurer (The). See Gil
Elas.
Female Advocates (The) ; or, The
Frantic .Stock-jobbers. A comedy by
William Taverner {q.v.), acted at Drury
Lane in 1713.
Female Anchoress (The). A tragedy
by H. CHETTLE and Robinson, performed
in 1602. In Henslowe's Diary it figures as
' Femelanco.'
Female Brig-and (The). See Car-
line.
Female Captain (The). See Con-
tract, The.
Female Chevalier (The). See Art-
ful Husband, The.
Female Club (The). A farce by John
O'Keefe (q.v.), mentioned in 'The Monthly
Mirror ' for February, ISIO.
Female Dramatist The). A farce in
two acts, with songs, ascribed both to Mrs.
Gardner and to G. Colman, jun., and per-
formed at the Haymarket Theatre in August,
1782.
Female Drummer (The). A three-
act musical comedy, words by Charles E.
Blaney, music by Maurice Levy, first per-
formed at Springfield, Mass., August 15,
1S9S ; first produced in New York at the
Star Theatre, December 26, 1S9S.
Female Duellist (The). See Love's
Cure.
Female Fop (The). A comedy attri-
buted to Sandford, and acted '• at the New
Theatre over against the Opera House in the
Haymarket " in 1723.
Female Fortune-Teller (The). A
comedy ascribed to Charles Johnson,
acted at Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1726, with
a cast including Quin and Ryan. It was
taken mamly from Ravenscroft's ' Dame
Dobson' iq.v.). See Fortune Teller.
Female Gamester (The). A tragedy
by G. E. Howard, printed in 1778.
Female Heroism. A tragedy in five
acts, by the Rev. Matthew West ; per-
formed at Dublin in 1S04, and concerned
with Robespierre, the Queen, and other
notable characters in the French Revolution
(1793).
Female lag-o (A). A farce by W. II.
Goldsmith, first performed at Jersey in
August, 1S72 ; produced at the Royalty
Theatre, London, July 24, 1873.
Female Judas (A). A drama in four
acts, by William P. Sheen, Princess's
Theatre, Leith, November 26, 1896.
Female Massaroni (The) ; or, The
Fair Brig-ands. An operatic drama in
two acts, by C. A. Somerset (q.v.) ; pro-
duced at the Surrey Theatre, London, with
Miss Vincent and Mrs. C. M. Poole as the
' fair brigands.' and other parts by Dibdin
Pitt, Rogers, Vale, etc.
Female Officer (The). (1) A comedy
altered from Shadwell's ' Humours of the
Army' (q.v.), acted in Dublin, and printed
in 1763. (2) A comedy in two acts, by
Henry Brooke (q.v.), printed in 1778. (3)
A farce by J. P. Kemble (q.v.), performed
at York in 1779, and produced at Drury
Lane in 1786 as ' The Projects ' (q.v.).
Female Orators (The). A prelnde
designed to ridicule the feminine debating
societies of the day ; performed at Covent
Garden in May, 1780.
Female Parricide (The). A tragedy
by Edward Crane, printed in 1761.
Female Parson (The) ; or, The
Beau in the Suds. A ballad opera by
C Coffey, played once " at the Little The-
atre in the Haymarket " in 1730. See Lure,
Pinner, and Modely.
Female Patriot (The). A play by Mrs.
S. RowsON (q.v.).
FEMALE PIRATE
503
FENNEL
I
Female Pirate (The); or, Tlie
Lioness of the Sea. A drama by
POUGLAS Stewart, Victoria Theatre, Lon-
don, October 31, 1870.
Female Prelate (The) : "being the
History of the Life and Death of Pope
Joan." A tragedy by Elkanah Settle,
acted at the Theatre Royal in 1630. In
this piece, Joanna Anglica, a woman of
good birth, who has been mistress to the
late Duke of Saxony but deserted by him,
is now Cardinal of Rheims, having adopted
mascuHne attire, entered the priesthood,
and in that « ay become secretary and con-
fessor to the Duke, Avhom she poisons out
of pique. The Duke's son accusing her of
the murder, she admits it, but says she
killed the Duke because he was an arch-
heretic. By this the Conclave are so pleased
that they elevate the Cardinal to the Pope-
dom. In the end, the Pope's sex is revealed,
and one of the cardinals orders her to be
thrown into the Tiber. The play is founded
on an historical legend which obtained
credence till the Reformation.
Female Rake (The); or, The
Modern Fine Lady. A "ballad
comedy," acted at the Hayraarket in 1736.
Female Rebellion (The). A tragi-
comedy in five acts, dating from the seven-
teenth century, but not printed till 1S72.
Female Virtuosos (The). A comedy
adapted by Thomas Wright from 'Les
Femmes Savantes' of Moliere, and acted
at the Theatre Royal in 1693. It was re-
vived at Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1721 as ' No
Fools like Wits.' See Refusal, The.
Female Wits (The) ; or, The Tri-
umvirate of Poets at Rehearsal.
A comedy acted at Drury Lane, probably in
1697, and printed in 1704. "It consists of
three acts, was written in the manner of a
rehearsal, and was intended as*a banter on
Mrs. Manley, Mrs. Pix, and Sirs. Trotter "
(' liiographia Dramatica '). These three
ladies figured as MarsiliaQiIrs. Verbruggen),
Mrs. Wellfed (Mrs. Powell), and Calistd{^lvs.
Temple). The cast also included Cibber
(Praiseall), Mills, Powell, Verbruggen, Mrs.
Knight, Mrs. Cross, etc.
Femme ; aux, CEufs d'Or(La). See
TiiRiCE Married.
Femme de Claude (La). A play in
three acts, by Alexandre Dumas yi/s (1873),
performed in French at Dalv's Theatre, Lon-
don, July 17, 1894, with Mdme. Bernhardt
as Cisarine ; performed in Italian at Drury
Lane, June 6, 1S95, with Mihue. Duse as
Cdsarine ; adapted by Alice Kauser, and
produced in New York in 1896, with Miss
Minnie Maddern (Mrs. H. G. Fiske) as
Cdsarine.
Femme du Voisin (La). See My
Neighbour's Wife.
Femme qui deteste Son Mari
(Une). See Angel OR Devil? Sheep in
Wolf's Clotulng ; and Wicked Wife.
Femmes de Quarante An. See My
\\ iFE's Daughter.
Femmes Fortes (Les). See Soft
Sex, The.
Femmes Savantes (Les). See Fe-
male Virtuosos, The, and Refusal, The.
Femmes Terribles (Les). See
Gossip.
Fenchurch, Farringrdon. A cha-
racter in Williams's ' Tourist Ticket ' {q.v.).
Fencing- Master (The). A comic
opera in three acts, written by Harry B.
Smith, composed by Reginald de Koven,
performed (for copyright purposes) at Sad-
ler's Wells Theatre oii September 26, 1892 ;
produced at New York on November 14,
1892, with Miss 3Iarie Tempest in the
leading role.
Fendall, Percy. Dramatic writer ;
author of ' Ascot ' (1879) and ' Fashionable
Intelligence ' (1894) ; part-author, with F. C.
PhiUips iq.v.), of ' Husband and Wife ' (1891),
'Margaret Byng' (1891), and 'Fireworks'
(1893).
Fenella, in Wills's ' England In the
Days of Charles II.,' is an attendant on the
Countess of Derby, pretending to be deaf
and dumb. Fenella, in the adaptations of
' Masaniello,' is really afflicted in that way.
Fenelon; or, The Nuns of Cam-
bray. A drama in three acts, altered by
Robert Merry from a French original,
and printed in 1795. "A lady, confined in
chains for seventeen years in the dungeon of
a convent, finds her daughter and husband,
and is restored to l)oth by the interposition
of the benevolent Fenelon, Archbishop of
Cambray " (' Biographia Dramatica ').
Fenn, Georg-e Manville. Novelist antl
playwright ; author of ' Land Ahead * (1878),.
' Jewels and Dust ' (1886), ' The Foreman of
the Works' (1886), 'Her Ladyship' (1889),
and ' The Tin Box ' (1892) ; also co-author
with J. H. Darnley {q.v.) of ' The Barrister,'
' The BaUoon,* ' A Wife's Devotion,' etc.
Fennel. A play in one act adapted by
Jerome K. Jerome from 'Le Luthier de
Cremone,' first performed at the Novelty
Theatre, London, on March 31, 1888, witti
George Giddens as Filippo and Mi.ss Adela
Moasor as Giannina; first performed in
America, Garden Theatre, New York, May
1, 1891. See Violin-Makers, The.
Fennel, James. Actor and play wright ;
born 1766, died 1816; joined the histrionic
profession in 1787 at Edinburgh, where
he was engaged at the Theatre Royal, his.
Oehut being made as Othello. Later in the-
same year he was seen at Covent Garden in
a few roles, and he returned to that theatre
in 1790. He was, however, best known in
the provinces. Between 1793 and 1815 he
gave performances in the United States.
ile was the author of a play called ' Linda
and Clara ; or, The British Officer ' (1791).
See 'An Apology for the Life of Jamea
FENTON
FERNANDEZ
Fennell, written by himself (1814% Jack-
son's ' Scottish Stage,' Genest, the ' Bio-
graphia Dramatica,' and Dunlop's' American
Theatre.'
Fenton, in 'John Savileof Hasted '(<7.i'.).
Fenton, Charles. Actor ; was for
many years known as an expert harlequin.
Between 1855 and 1861 he figured at Sadler's
"SV^ells Theatre as one of the Dromios, a
Witch in ' Macbeth,' Xym in ' Henry V.,' and
the Prince in ' Cherry and Fair Star.' Be-
tween 1861 and 1869 he appeared in bur-
lesque at the Strand, having parts in such
pieces as 'Patient Penelope,' 'Mazourka,'
' Windsor Castle,' ' The Caliph of Bagdad,'
and 'The Field of the Cloth of Gold.' He
was the husband of Caroline Parkes {q.v.).
Fenton, Elijah. Playwright and verse-
writer, born 1683, died 1730 ; author of
'Mariamne,' a tragedy {q.v.), acted and
printed in 1723.
Fenton, Liavinia [Duchess of Bolton].
Actress and vocalist ; born 1708, died 1760 ;
reputed daughter of a naval lieutenant
named Beswick ; assumed the name of her
stepfather ; was conspicuous, as a child, for
her love of singing, and made her debut as
an actress at the Haymarket in 1726, appear-
ing as Monimla in 'The Orphans,' which
was followed by Cherry in 'The Beaux'
Stratagem.' During a summer season at the
Lincoln's Inn Fields Theatre, she made a
great success. " She became," we are told,
"the talk of the coffee-houses, the most
celebrated toast in town. Her face, her
form, her grace, her voice, her kindness,
her simplicity, were lauded alike on all
hands." Engaged at the same theatre for
the winter season, she secured, on January
29, 1728, the great triumph of her life, and
that by which she is mainly remembered.
She then appeared as Polly Peachum in the
first performance of ' The Beggar's Opera '
iq.v.), creating in that part such a furore
that Gay was led to write of her : " Polly . . .
is in so high vogue that I am in doubt
whether her fame does not surpass that of
the Opera itself." " Her pictures were
engraved, and sold in great numbers ; her
life written, books of letters and verses to
her published, and pamphlets made even of
her sayings and jests " (Note to • The
Dunciad '). In March, 1728, she was seen as
Alinda in Beaumont and Fletcher's 'Pil-
grim,' and as Ophelia, while in the following
month she figured as Leanthe in Farquhar's
' Love in a Bottle,' and Marcella in D'Urfey's
'Don Quixote.' On June 29 she appeared
in ' The Beggar's Opera ' for the sixty-second
and last time. She then retired from the
stage to become the mistress of the third
Duke of Bolton, to whom she was legally
united in September, 1751. Her portrait
was painted by Hogarth. See ' The Life of
Lavinia Beswick, alias Fenton, alias Polly
Peachum '(1728), Macklin's 'Memoirs' (ISOi),
Lady M. W. Montagu's 'Letters,' etc,
Ferdinand. (1) Son of the king in
♦ The Tempeit ' {q.v.). (2) King of Navarre
in 'Love's Labour's Lost' (.q.v.). (3) Duke of
Urbin in Massinger's ' Maid of Honour '
iq.v.). (4) Son of the King of Spain in Mrs.
Bern's 'Abdelazar' {q.v.). (5) A young
Spaniard in Jephson's ' Two Strings to your
Bow' {q.v.). (6) A character in Archer's
' Asmodeus.'
Ferdinand le Noceur. A play bv
Leon Ga.ndillot (Theatre Dejazet, Paris,
1890). See Giddy Goat and Joseph.
Ferdinando. A farce bv Walter
Parke, first performed at the Grand The-
atre, Islington, November 1, 1886.
Ferment, Mr. and Mrs., figure in
Morton's * School of Reform ' {q.v.).
Fernald, Chester Bailey. Dramatic
writer ; author of ' Tlie Cat and the Cherub,'
(1S97), ' The :\Ioonlight Blossom ' (1899), etc.
Fernande. A play by Yictorien Sar-
dou, of which there have been English
adaptations :— (1) By Augustin DALY,'first
performed at the Fifth Avenue Theatre,
New York, June 7, 1870, with Miss Agnes
Ethel as Fernande, Miss Fanny INIorant as
the Countess, Miss F. Davenport as Georgette,
Mrs. Gilbert as Mdme. Seneschal. G. Clarke
as the Marquis Andre, D. H. Harkins as
Pomerol, J. Lewis as the Commander, G.
Parkes as Bracassin; at the same theatre
in November, 1870, with Miss Linda Dietz
as Georgette, and in March, 1872, with L.
James as Andre; and at Daly's Theatre,
New York, in November, 1879, with .Miss
Ada Rehan as Georgette, and other parts Iw
John Drew, C. Leclercq, G. Parkes, Miss
Estelle Clayton, and Miss May Fielding
(Fernande). (2) By H. Sutherland Ed-
wards (q.v.), first performed at the St.
James's Theatre, London, on October 15,
1870, with Miss F. Brough in the title part,
Mrs. Hermann Vezin as Clotilde, Mrs. John
Wood as Georgette, Miss Sophie Larkin as
Mdme. Seneschal, L. Brough as the Com-
mander, W. Farren as Pomerol, Gaston
INIurray as Bracassin, Lin Rayne as Mar-
quis d'Arcis; revived at the Court Theatre,
London, in September, 1879, with ]Miss Rosa
Kenney in the title part. Miss Heath as
Clotilde, Mrs. Leigh ^Murray as Mdme.
Seneschal, Miss Amy Roselle as Georgette,
C. F. Coghlan as Andre, Miss M. A. Giffard
as Therese,G. W. Anson as the Commander,
E. Price as Bracassin, and Wilson Barrett
as Pomerol. (3) By James Schonberg,
included in Dicks's Standard Plays.
Fernandez, James. Actor; born 1835;
made his professional debut at Hull in
October, ls53 ; his first appearance in
London taking place at thelQueen's Theatre
in 1855. Among the characters of which,
after that date, he Avas the original repre-
sentative, are Walter Hartwright in an adap-
tation (at the Surrev) of 'The Woman in
White,' Ruby Dayrell in 'The Mariner's
Compass' (Astley's, 1864), the Marquis in
Russell's 'Era Angelo' (Haymarket, 1865),
Philip in Watts Phillip's 'Theodora'
(Surrey, 1866), Claude Frollo in Halliday's
' Notre Dame ' (Adelphi, 1871), Don Salluste
FERNANDO
511
FERVID
I
in a version of ' Ruy Bias' (Adelphi, 1872),
Fitz James in Halliday's ' Lady of the Lake '
(Drury Lane, 1872), Edward Christian in
' England in the Days of Charles II.' (Drury
Lane, 1877), Nils in Wills and Fitzgerald's
• Vanderdecken ' (Lyceum, 1878), Bagot in
Wills's ' Ninon ' (Adelphi, 1880), Peter Barrel
in Coghlan's 'Enemies' (Prince's, 1886),
Richard Marston in Blood's ' Her Trustee '
(Vaudeville, 1887). Pierre Rosny in 'Civil
War' (Gaiety, 1887), Ror/er Chillinfjivorth in
a version of ' The Scarlet Letter' (Olympic,
1888), Raymond de Noirville in ' A INIan's
Shadow' (Haymarket, 1889), Jean Tov.r-
quenie in 'A Village Priest' (Haymarket,
1890), David Ives in 'The Dancing Girl'
(Haymarket, 1891), Bishop of Alexandria in
Ogilvie's ' Hypatia ' (Haymarket, 1893), Col.
Fisher in 'The Transgressor ' (Court, 1894),
Col. Preston in ' Alabama ' (Garrick, 1895),
Ccesar Cregeen in ' The Manxman ' (Shaftes-
bury, 1895), and Schwartze in an Eng-
lish version of ' Magda ' (Lyceum, 18!J8).
James Fernandez has further been seen in
London in the following (and other) parts :
Camo (Haymarket, 1865), Micawherm 'Little
Em'ly' (Adelphi, 1875), Old Tom in 'After
Dark '(1877), Coitier in 'Louis XL' (Lyceum,
1878), Friar Laurence in ' Romeo and Juliet,'
and Leonato in ' Much Ado' (Lyceum, 1882).
Dumont in 'Robert Macaire,' and Chopjjard
in 'The Lyons Mail' (Lyceum, March, 18:s3),
Sir Anthony Absolute and Triplet (Opera
Comique, 1887), Sir Peter Teazle and Buck-
ingham in 'Richard III.' (Globe, 1889).
Hubert in 'King John '(Crystal Palace, 18S9),
Dr. Ceneri in ' Called Back,' and the Ghost
in * Hamlet ' (Haymarket, 1890, 1891). and
the Banis/ied Dvke in * As You Like It ' (St.
James's, 1896). He has figured in the Englisli
provinces as King James in ' King o' Scots '
(1869), Shylock (lii(i9), Shaun the Post (1869),
Onsnnrd (in the 'Cloches de Corneville,'
1898), etc.
Fernando. (1) Servant to Annophel
in Bralmont and Fletcher's 'Laws of
Candy' (q-v.). (2) Friend to SebaKtian in
MiUDLETON's ' Witch ' (q.v.). (3) Husband
of Isoline in Knowles's 'John of Procida'
iq.v.). (4) A character in H. J. Byron's
'Maid and the Magpie' {q.v.).
Ferneze, Count and Lord Paulo.
Father and son in JONSON's 'Case is
Altered' {q.v.).
Feron, Madame." Vocalist and actress ;
married A. Glossop, of the Victoria Theatre,
London ; played Therese in ' La Sonnambula '
at the Princess's Theatre, in 1S42. See
Jekyll's Correspondence ; see, also, Harris,
Augustus.
Ferrand. King of Naples in Beaumont
and Fletcher's ' Double Marriage' (<^.i'.).—
Sir Mervyn Ferrand is "the wicked baronet "
in Carr's ' Dark Days ' {q.v.\
Ferrar, Ada. Actress ; has been seen
in London as Ilermia in 'A Midsummer
Night's Dream' (Globe, 1889), the Queen in
'Hamlet' (Globe, 1890), Creusa in Bu-
' Bride of Love' (Adelphi, 1890),
Fthel in 'The English Rose' (Adelphi,
1890), Alida in 'The Streets of London'
(1891), Orlando in 'As You Like It' (Prince
of Wales's, 1894), etc. In 1892 she plaved
Timandra in ' Timon of Athens' at Strat-
ford-on-Avon.
Ferrar, Beatrice. Actress ; was the
original representative of Tow-Wow in Bu-
chanan's ' Nancy ' (1890), Beatrix in Pinero's
' Lady Bountiful' (1891), Georqiana in Mi.'-s
Graves's and Miss Kingston's 'A Matcli-
maker' (1896), Jennie in Jerome and Phill-
potts' 'The Mac Haggis' (1897), Pfl?neta in
' The :Manteuvres of Jane ' (1898), Panlette
in ' The Giddy Goat ' (1901), etc.
Ferrers, Georgre. Poet, lawyer, and
politician ; born 1500 (?) ; died 1579 ; was, in
1551,_ appointed "Master of the King's
Pastimes" to Edward VL, and, in 1553, was
continued in the post by Queen Marv. In
this character he is supposed to have written
many dramatic pieces, none of which have
come down to us. Puttenham in his ' Art of
English Poesy '(1589) and Meres in his'Palla
dis Taraia ' (1598) both refer to an " Edward
Ferrys," whom good authorities, such as
War ton in his ' History of English Poetry,'
take to be George Ferrers. Puttenham says
of "Ferrys" that he "wrote for the most
part to the stage in tragedy and sometimes
in comedy or interlude, and wherewith he
gave the King so much good recreation as
he had thereby many rewards." Meres
describes him as "among our best for
tragedy." See Wood's.' Athenfe Oxonienses,'
Cooper's 'Athena; Cantabrigienses,' Col-
lier's ' Annals of the Stage ' and ' History of
Dramatic Poetry,' the 'Biographia Drama-
tica,' etc.
Ferret. (1) A lawyer in Pearce's ' Ar-
rived at Portsmoutli ' {q.v.). (2) A slanderer
in Cherry's ' Soldier's Daughter ' {q.v.).—
There is also a Ferrett in T. Dibdin's ' Horse
and the Widow.'
Ferrex and Porrex. See GoR-
BODUC.
Ferriar, Jolin. Physician ; author of
'The Prince of Angola,' a tragedy (1788),
and of an essay on the dramatic works of
Massinger (^.y.).
Ferry Girl (The). An operetta in three
acts, written by the Dowager Marchioness
of Downshire, composed by Lady Arthur
Hill, and performed at the Savoy Theatre,
London, May 13, 1890,
Ferryman (The). A drama in verse
and live acts, by Robert Landor {q.v.),
printed in 1841.
Ferryman's Daughter (The). A
drama in five act.s, by H. T. Johnson and
C. CORDiNGLEY, Lyric Opera House, Ham-
mersmith, July 31, 1891.
Fervid. A character in Dibdin's ' Five
Thousand a Year' {q.v.).— Frederick Fervid
is a character in Wig.an'S ' Friends or Foes '
{q.v.).
FESTIN DE PIERRE
J12
FIELD
Pestin de Pierre (Le). See Moliere.
retards (Les). See Kitty Grey and
Rounders, The.
Fetches (The). A farce by Edmund
Falconer, first performed at the Lyceum
Theatre, London, on August 24, 1S61, with
the author as Tim O'Reilly and Miss Lydia
Thompson as Mary Brady.
Fettered. A drama in three acts, by
AVatts Phillips (si-v-), first performed at
the Holborn Theatre, London, on February
17, 1869, uith a cast including George Honey,
J. C. Cowper> G. Neville, Parselle, Miss
Fanny Josephs, and Miss Lydia Foote (as
a wife " fettered" by her union to a worth-
less scamp).—' Fettered Freedom : ' a drama
in three acts, by Milner Venne and C. H,
Stephenson, Vaudeville Theatre, London,
September 2S, 1SS7.— ' Fettered Lives : ' a
drama by Harold Whyte, Barrow-m-
Furness, November 16, 1893.—' Fetters : ' a
drama produced at the Theatre Royal,
Bradford, December 13, 1875.—' Fetters of
Passion : ' a drama by H. S. Warwick and
T. C. HOLDERNESS, Bishop Auckland,
January 12, 1894.
Fetterwell. A character in Colman's
•Africans' {q.v.).
Feu au Convent (Le). See Home
FOR THE Holidays.
Feu Lionel. See From Gr.we to Gay,
Fell Toupinel. See Late Lamented,
The, and Wilkinson's Widows.
Feudal Times. CD A spectacular
drama by G. Colman, jun., performed (with
music bv Kelly) at Drury Lane in January,
1799. (2) A tragedy by the Rev. James
AVhite {q.v.), first performed at Sadler's
Wells Theatre on February 18, 1847, with
Phelps as the hero {Walter Cochrane, Earl
of Mar), G. Bennett as Earl of Angus, H.
lllarston as King James III. of Scotland,
Miss Laura Addison as Margaret Randolph,
and Miss Cooper as the Queen; played at
Manchester in 1847, with G. V. Brooke as
the^ar^ of Mar.
Feuillet, Octave. French dramatist ;
born 1821 ; many of whose works have been
adapted to the English stage. See Bunch
of Violets, Cosy Couple, Dalila, Gay
Husband, Hero of Romance, Honour
BEFORE Wealth, House or the Home,
Ivy Hall, Led Astray, Mammon, Opal
' Ring, Parisian Romance, Sphinx, Syren,
Vicarage.
Feval, Paul. See Black Dwarf, The ;
Duke's Motto, The; Three Red Men,
The.
Feydeau, Georg-es. See Other
Fellow, The ; Sportsman, The.
Ffolliott, Claire. The heroine of
BouciCAULT'S ' Shaughraun ' iq.v.).
Fiammetta. The name of characters
(1) in Holcroft's 'Tale of Mystery ' (r/.v.),
(2) in Van Supp^'s ' Boccaccio,' (3) in Au-
dran's ' Mascotte.'
Fiammina. A play, adapted from the
French of Mario Uchard, and produced at
Wallack's, New York, in September, lSo7,
with Miss Heron in the title part.
Fiammina (La). See Broken Ties.
Fiat of the Gods (The). An idyll in
one act, adapted by Leonard Outram from
Soumet's ' Le Gladiateur,' and first per-
formed at the Avenue Theatre, London,
August 25, 1«91, with A. Melford as the
gladiator Galba (q.v.), and Miss F. Ivor as
the Empress Faustina ; revived at the Globe
Theatre in April, 1892.
Fibs. A comedy in three acts, by Wel-
BORN Tylor, performed at Toole's Theatre,
London, on the afternoon of June 14, 1SS2,
with E. Price, E. W. Garden, F. W. Irish,
IMiss T. Lavis, Miss D. Vivian, and Miss C.
Jecks in the cast.
Fichu. A French maid in Watts Phil-
lips's ' His Last Victory ' (q.v.).
Fickle Shepherdess (The). See
Amyntas.
Fickle, Tristram, figures in J. T.
Allingham's ' Weathercock ' (q.v.).
Fidelia. The " Foundling " in Edward
Moore's play so named (q.v.).— Fidelia, in
Wycherley's 'Plain Dealer' (q.v.), is in
love Avith Manly, and follows him to sea
in man's clothes.
Fidelio. Beethoven's opera so named
(1805) was first performed in England with
an English libretto on June 12, 1835, at
Co vent Garden ; first performed in America
at the Park Theatre, New York, on Septem-
ber 9, 1839.—' Fidelio ; or. The Fortress of
St. Jacques : ' a drama in three acts, by
Morrice Phillips, first performed at the
Pavilion Theatre, London, January 7, 1837,
with Mrs. Selby in the title part, Miss
Cooper as Janina, and other parts by W. H.
Payne, :Munyard, Vale, Green, Bradshaw,
etc.
Fido. Deliro's servant-lad in Jonson'S
* Every Man out of his Humour ' (q.v.).
Fidg-et. (1) Sir Jasper Fidget, his wife,
and his sister (Mrs. Dainty Fidget) are
characters in Wycherley's ' Country Wife '
q.v.). (2) There is a Fidget in Oulton's
' As It Should Be ' (q.v.). (3) Peter Fidget, .
in Beazley's 'Boarding House' (q.v.), is ^ ,.
master of the house— "a very impudent, ; *.
rattling fellow, with a world of business t r
and cares on his back." (4) Old Fidget ' ■>'■■■
figures in Somerset's ' Day after the Fair.'
Fiducio. A thief in Middleton'3
'Widow' (q.v.).
" Fie on sinful fantasy." First line
of song in ' Merry Wives of Windsor,' act v.
sc. 5—
" Lust is but a bloody fire,
Kindled with unchaste desire."
Field, Julian. Dramatic writer; ,
author of « It was a Dream,' ' Too Happy by
Half,' and ' When a Man's Married'— all of
which see.
FIELD
513
FIETEENTH OF OCTOBER
Field, Kate. Dramatic and miscella-
neuus -writer ; author of ' Extremes Meet '
iq.v.), and of a L^'fe of Fechter (q.v.)
Field, Margraret. The heroine of
IlKNRY ARTHUR JoNES's ' His Wife' {q.v.).
Field, Michael. The nom de guerre of
two ladies who have published the following
verse-dramas : — 'Calirrhoe' (1884), 'The
Father's Tragedy ' (1885), ' Brutus Ultor '
(18S6), 'Canute the Great' (1887), 'The
Tragic Mary ' (1890), ' Stephania ' (1892), and
■• A Question of Memory ' (1893). The last-
named (q.v.) was pei'formed at the Opera
Comique Theatre, London, on the evening
of October 27, 1893.
Field, T. M. American writer ; author
of ' Fauiily Ties,' and father of Kate Field
iq.v.).
Field of Forty Footsteps (The).
A drama in three acts, by Percy Farren
(g.D.), founded on Miss Porter's story of two
brothers who, having taken different sides
in the Civil War, "engaged in mortal com-
bat on the field on which the British Museum
now stands." First performed at the Tot-
tenham Street Theatre, it was played at the
Surrey in 1832, with a cast including Dibdin
Pitt, Vale, Rogers, Almar, Tilbury, and Miss
Vincent.
Fieldofthe Cloth of Gold (The). (1)
An historical drama, performed at Park The-
atre, New York, in January, 1831, with Barry
as Henry VIII. and Richiiigs as Franci>> I.
(2) An extravaganza by W. Brouoh (7.1".),
first performed at the Strand Theatre, Lon-
don, on April 18, 1868, with C. Fenton as
Henry VIII., David James as Francis I., F.
Ilubsou as 2'ete de Veau, T. Thorne a.'^ Sir
ijny the Cripple, H. J. Turner as Queen
Cuiherine, Miss Lydia Thompson as Lord
harnley, Miss Amy Sheridan as Dalce of
iiiiijulk', Miss Ada Swanbovougli as Lady
Constance de Grey, Miss Elise Holt as the
Sieur de Boissy, and Miss F. Hughes as
Anne Boleyn ; produced at Wood's Museum,
New York, in January, 1S69, with W. F.
Florence as Francis I., L. Mestayer as
Henry VIII., Mrs. Florence as Lady Con-
stance, Miss L. Eldridge as the Sieur de
Loissy, and ]Miss Rose INIassey as Lord
Barnlei/ ; revived at the Union Square The-
atre, New York, in 1872-3 ; revived at the
Strand Theatre, London, on February 24,
1877, with H. Cox as Henry VIII., C. D.
Marius as Francis I., J. G. Taylor as Sir Guy,
Miss L. Venne as Darnley, Miss Maria Jones
as SujJ'ulk, and Miss Sallie Turner as Queen
Eatherine ; at the Avenue Theatre, London,
December 24. 18S9, with A. Chevalier as
Francis I., Miss M. Linden as Lady Con-
stance, etc. (3) A drama in three acts, by
Shafto Scott, Astley's Theatre, London,
AprU 24, 1869.
Fielde, Matthew. Prebendary of
St. Paul's, died 1796 ; author of ' Ver-
tumnas and Pomona,' a pastoral (1782).
Fielding-, Georg-e and William.
Characters in Reade'sj ' It's Never too Late
to Mend.'— May Fielding figures in the
various dramatic versions of Dickens's
' Cricket on the Hearth ' (q.v.).
Fielding-, Henry. Novelist and play-
wright ; born 1707, died 1754 ; began his
literary life as a writer for the theatre, pro-
ducing successively the following pieces, all
of which see :— ' Love in Several Masques '
(1728), 'The Temple Beau' (1730), 'The
Author's Farce and the Pleasures of the
Town ' (1730), ' The Coffee-house Politicians ;
or. The Justice caught in his own Trap'
(1730), ' Tom Thumb '"['The Tragedy of Tra-
gedies'] (1730), 'The Grub Street Opera'
(1731), ' The Letter-Writers ; or, A New Way
to Keep a Wife at Home ' (1731), ' The Lot-
tery ' (1732), ' The Modern Husband ' (1732),
'The Debauchees; or. The Jesuit Caught'
(1732), ' The ^Nlock Doctor ; or, The Dumb
Lady Cured' (1732), 'The Miser' (1733):
' Deborah ; or, A Wife for you All ' (1733),
' The Intriguing Chambermaid ' (1734), ' Don
Quixote in England' (1734), 'An Old Man
Taught Wisdom ; or, The Virgin Unmasked '
(1735), 'The Universal Gallant ; or. The Dif-
ferent Husbands' (1735), 'Pasquin' (1736),
' Tlie Historical Register for the Year 1736 '
(1737), ' Eurydice' (17-37), ' Eurydice Hissed ;
or, A Word to the Wise ' (1737),' Tumbledown
Dick; or, Phaethon in the Suds' (1737),
' Miss Lucy in Town' (1742), and ' The Wed-
ding Day' (1743); to which may be added
' The Fathers ; or. The Good-natured Man,'
performed in 1798. From the spring of 1736
to the summer of 1737, Fielding was lessee
of " the little theatre in the Haymarket."
See the biographies by Artlmr Murphy (pre-
fixed to Works, 1762), Sir Walter Scott (pre-
fixed to Works, 1821), Roscoe (prefixed to
Work.<!, 1840), Frederick Laurence (1855),
Thomas KeighUey (Fraser's Magazine, 1858),
and Austin Dobson (1883); also the 'Bio-
graphia Dramatica,' Genest's ' English
Stage,' etc.
Fiend at Fatilt (The). A mediaeval
musical mystery, Avords by Sutherland
Edavardes and William H. Taylor, music
by F. Forster Buften and William H. Taylor,
Vaudeville, April 4, 1894.
Fiesco. A tragedy by Schiller, trans-
lated into English by Drs. Stoddart and
Noehden (1796); adapted to the English
stage by Milne R, and performed at the
Coburg Theatre, London, with H. Kemble
as Fiesco. Another English version, by J. R.
Planche, was performed at Drury Lane The-
atre in February, 1850, with Miss Laura
Addison as Leonora, Mrs. Ternan as Julia,
Emery as Hassan. Vandenhotf as Verrina,
Cathcart as Count Lomellino, Cooper as
Andrea Doria, C. Fisher as Gianettino, and
James Anderson in the title part.
Fif ; or, Lost for Love. A drama in
four acts, by J. F. M'Ardle and G. L.
Gordon ; Pullan's Theatre, Bradford, De-
cember, 1882.
Fifi. See Divorce Day.
Fifteenth of October (The). An
opera boutfe, music by Jacobi, libretto from
2 L
FIFTEEN YEARS, ETC.
FILLAMOUR
the French of E. Letteriev and A. Vanloo,
first perfnrmed at the Alhambra Theatre,
London, March 22, 1S75 ; revived, with lyrics
by G. Capel, at the Prince of Wales's The-
atre, London, Angust 8, 1891.
Fifteen Years of a Drunkard's
liife. A melodrama in three acts, by
Douglas Jkkrold.
Fifteen Years of a Fireman's
Life. A play produced at the Park The-
atre, Xew York, January, 1841.
Fifteen Years of Labour Lost. A
farce in one act, adapted from the French,
and first performed at the Coburg Theatre ;
produced at Drury Lane, with Madame
Vestris as Luhin ("the youth who never
saw a woman ").
Fifth Avenue. A play by George
Fawcett Rowe, produced at Booth's The-
atre, New York.
Fig-aro, the barber in Beaumarchais'
' Mariage de Figaro,' figures in ' The
Spanish Barber' iq.v.) and in ' Follies of a
Day ' iq.v.) ; also in all English adaptations
of ' II Barbiere di Siviglia ' and ' Le Nozze
di Figaro.' See following paragraphs.
Fig-arOjLeMariag-ede. SeeSLvRiAGE
DE Figaro.
Fig-aro in London. A farce in two
acts, by Gilbert Abbott a Beckett (g.r.),
first performed at the Strand Theatre, Lon-
don, with Forrester as Figaro, Oxberry as
Orlando Faddle (a male flirt), Mitchell as
Adam (boots at an inn), "Williams as Croii
(a rival to Figaro), Miss P. Horton as Mrs.
Susannah Figaro, etc. The plot turns upon
a Avager that Faddle, with all his vaunted
fascination, will not prevail upon 3[rs.
Figaro to accompany him to a masquerade.
Figaros, Tlie Two. See Two Figa-
ros, The.
Fig-lit for a Million (A). A play by
J. A. Eraser, jun., performed in U.S.A.
Figlit for Freedom (A). A musical
drama in three acts, words by Benjamin
Lanpeck and Arthur Shirley, music by
Carlile Yernon and Edgar Ward ; Aquarium,
Brighton, May 28, 1894.
Fight for Honour. A drama in five
acts, by Frank Harvey, first performed at
South Shields in March, 1892 ; produced at
the Surrey Theatre, London, on June 13,
1892 ; first performed in America at Grand
Opera House, New York, August 21, 1897.
Fight for Life (A). A drama in three
acts, adapted by H. Savile Clarke (q.v.)
and L. H. F. DU Terreaux (q.v.) from a
novel, so named, by W. Moy Thomas (q.v.),
and first performed at Bradford in August,
1876 ; produced at the Park Theatre, Lon-
don, on March 10, 1877, with Lin Rayne as
the hero, and Miss Eva Ross-Church and
Miss Kate Harfleur in the chief female roles ;
revived at the Gaiety, London, April 20, 18S1.
See Our Eldorado.
Fight with Fate (A). A four-act
drama, produced at the Surrey Theatre in
September, lSb4, with J. Fernandez as Henry
Martindale.
Fighting by Proxy. A farce in one
act, by James Kenney (q.v.), first performed
at the Olympic Theatre, London, December
9, 1833, with Listen as Flinch, Keeley as
Allsop, J. Vining, and Mrs. Macnamara
(Mrs. Stilton) ; produced at Niblo's Garden,
New York, July, 1840.
Fighting- Fifth (The). A drama in
five acts, by George Conquest, sen., and
Herbert Leonard, Surrey Theatre, Lon-
don, October 29, 1900.
Fighting- Fortune. A drama in four
acts, by F. A. SCUDAmore, first performed
at Bolton in May, 1881 ; produced at the
Marylebone Theatre, July 24, 1882.
Fighting- Forty -first (The). A
comedy in three acts, adapted by C. H.
Hazlewood from ' Un Fils de Famille'
(q.v.), Britannia Theatre, London, Septem-
ber 11, 1876.
Figure of Fun (A) ; or, The Bloomer
Costume. A farce in one act, by Edward
Stirling, first performed at Punch's Play-
house (Strand Theatre), London, on Sep-
tember 22, 1851.
Filch. A pickpocket in Gay's ' Beggar's
Opera' (q.v.).
Filcher. Doorkeeper to the puppet-
show in JoNSON's 'Bartholomew Fair*
(q.v.).
Filippi, Rosina. Actress and play-
Wright ; appeared in ' On Change,' at Toole's
Theatre, London, in 1885. Since then she
has been the original representative of the
following (and other) characters :—Felise in
' The Red Lamp ' (1887), Diana in ' Mamma '
(18S8), Mrs. Vanstreath in ' Aunt Jack ' (1889),
Mrs. Gaylustre in ' The Cabinet INIinister '
(1890), Mrs. Wehb in 'The Late Lamented'
(1891), Mdlle. le Grande in 'The Old Lady'
(1892), 3[dme. Vinard in 'Trilby' (1895),
Mitsu in ' The ?*Ioonlight Blossom ' (1899), ■
and Mrs. Bennett in ' The Bennetts ' (1901). ■
She is the author of two dramatic pieces
for children — ' Little Goody Two Shoes ' and
' An Idyll of New Year's Eve ' (1890) ; also of
'An Idyll in Seven Dials' (1899), 'In the ;
Italian Quarter ' (1899), and ' The Bennetts,"
an adaptation of Miss Austen's 'Pride and
Prejudice ' (1901). She has also compiled a
volume of ' Duologues and Scenes from the
Novels of Jane Austen ' (1895), and has pub-
lished a little drawing-room play called
' The Mirror ' (1902).
Filippo. A version, by Alfred Berlyn,
of 'Le Luthier de Cremone'(g.i'.), performed ,
at Professor Herkomer's Theatre, Bushy,
April 8, 1890.
Fillamour, Sir Harry, in Mrs, Behn's
' Feigned Courtezans,' is in love with, and i
marries, Marcclla.
I
FILLE DE L'AYARE
FILMORE
Fille de I'Avare (Lia). A play by
Bayard and Pontet, based on Balzac's
novel ' Eugenie Grandet.' See Daddy
Hardacre ; Love and Avarice ; Miser's
Daughter ; Miser's Treasure.
Fille de Madame Ang-ot (La). A
comic opera, music by C. Lecocq, first per-
formed at Brussels in December, 1872 ; pro-
duced in Pai'is in February, 1873, and at the
St. James's Theatre, London, in May, 1873 ;
produced (1), with libretto by Henry J.
By'ron at the Philharmonic Theatre, Lon-
don, on October 4, 1873, with Miss Julia Mat-
thews as Mdlle. Lange, Jliss Selina Dolaro
as Clairette, Miss A. Goodall as Amaranthe,
Mrs. II. Power as Javotte, H. Nordblom as
Ange Pitou, J. Rouse as Larivaudihre, J.
Murray as Fompo7inet, and J. W. Wallace as
Louchard. (2) Another version, by H. B.
FARNiE,was produced at the Gaiety Theatre,
London, on November 10, 1873, with ^liss
E. Soldene as Lan;/e, Miss Annie Sinclair
as Clairette, Beverley as Pitou, R. Temple
as Larivaudih-e, Felix Bury as Pomponiu t,
Lewens as Louchard, J. G. Taylor as Trenitz,
and other parts by Mrs. H, Leigh, Miss
Ewell, and Miss Clara Vesey. (3) A version
by Miss Carry Nelson was produced at the
Theatre Royal, Manchester, on November
24, 1S73, Avith Miss Nelson as Clairette,
;Mdme. llaigh-Dyer as Lange, Henry Haigh
as P/(oif,and Mrs. AV. Sidney as Amaranthe.
(4) A version by H. F. L. DU Terreaux
Avas tirst performed at the Prince of Wales's
Theatre, Liverpool, on February 16, 1874, and
produced at the Globe Theatre, London, in
May of the same year, with Mdlle. D'Anka
as Lange, Miss C. Loseby as Clairette, Miss
Alice Cook as Amaranthe, E. Cotte as Pitou,
J. H. Ryley as Trenitz, C. Lyall as Pomponnet,
etc. (5) A version by Nelson Lee was
brought out at Theatre Royal, Liverpool,
February 23, 1874, with Miss Lennox Grey
as Lange, Miss Augusta Thomson as Clai-
rette, Miss Carrie Braham as Amaranthe,
and A. Brennir as Pitou. (6) A version
in two acts, by F. Desprez (qv.), was pro-
duced at the Royalty Tlieatre. London,
June 4, 1875, with Mdme. Dolaro as Lange
and AValter Fisher as I'itou. The opera was
performed for the first time in America
;it Daly's Broadway Theatre, New York,
August 29, 1873, by a French company. At
the Opera Comique Theatre, London, at
Christmas, 1873, it was produced, with Miss
E. Soldene as Lange, Miss K. Santley
as Clairette, Miss C. Vesey as Hersilie, W.
Courtney as Ange, E. Campbell as Pompon-
net, L. Kelleher as Larivaudiirc, J.Wallace
as Trenitz, E. Marshall as Louchard. It
was revived at the Gaiety in August, 1874,
with Miss Soldene as Lange and Miss
Dolaro as Clairette, and again in November,
1874. with Miss C. Loseby as Clairette, INIiss
K. jNIunroeas Lange, Miss A. Cook as Ama-
ranthe, Edward Cotte as Pitou, W. Ludwig
as Larivaudiere, C. Lyall as Pomponnet, j
J. Maclean as Louchard, and J. G. Taylor
as Trenitz. At the Alhambra, on November
12, 1S77, it was revived, with Mdlle. C.
D'Anka as Lange, Mdme. S. Dolaro as
Clairette. J. H. Ryley as Trenitz, F. Bury as
Pomponnet, H. Nordblom as Pitou, Fur-
neaux Cook as Larivaiidi'ere, Miss Adelaide
Newton as Amaranthe, and Miss Emma
Chambers as Hersilie. Byron's version was
revived at Drury Lane in April, 1880, with
Mdlle. D'Anka as before, Miss Alice Bur-
ville as Clairette, INIiss Kate Sullivan as
Amaranthe,\s\\i<jY(\. Morgan as Pitou, J. A.
Arnold as Larivaudiere, and F. Wyatt as
Trenitz. The work was revived at the Cri-
terion in July, 1893, with Miss Amy Angarde
as Lange, Miss Decima ^Nloore as Clairette,
Courtice Pounds as Ange Pitou, S. Valen-
tine as Larivaudih-e, W. Blakeley as Lou-
chard, Miss H. Crofton as Amaranthe, Miss.
M. A. Victor as Javotte, and Miss Ellis
Jeffreys as Hersilie. It was performed in
the suburbs of London in February and
March, 1901, with Miss Winifred Hare as
Lange, Miss M. Elba as Clairette, Edouard
Gar(,'eau as Pitot(, M. Marler as Pomponnet,
and M. Dwyer as Larivaudih'e. ,
Fille de Roland (La). A play by
Henri de Bornier, produced in 1875. See
Berthe.
Fille du Diable (Le). See Satan's
DAU(iHTKR.
Fille du Reg-iment (La). An opera,
libretto by Bayard and St. Georges, music
by Donizetti (Paris, 1840), first performed in
London in 1847. See Daughter of the
Regiment and Joseimiine.
Fille du Tambour-Major (La). A
comic opera in three acts, music by Offen-
bach, produced, with Englisli libretto by
H. B. Farnie, at the Alhambra Theatre,
London, on April 19, 1880, with Miss Con-
stance Loseby as Stella, Miss Edith Blande
as Claudine, Miss Fanny Edwards as the
Duchess delta Volta, Miss Sallie Turner as
tlie Abbess, Miss Fanny Leslie as Griolet, W.
Carleton as Captain Robert, Fred Leslie as
t\\QDuke delta Volta, L. Kelleher as Marquis
Bambini, and F. Mervin as Monthabor (the
Tambour Major) ; performed at the Standard
Theatre, New York, in 1884 ; revived in the
suburbs of London in 1901, under the title
of 'The Drum Major,' with a new libretto
(embodying a new story).
Fille Terrible (Une). See Little
Rebel, The, and Little Savage, The.
Filles de Marbre (Les). See M.\rble.
Heart, The.
Filleule du Roi (La). A comic opera
by A. VozEL, performed at the Criterion
Theatre, London, June 7, 1875.
Filligree, Lord. A character in
TOBiN's ' Guardians ' (q.v.).
Fillpot. An innkeeper in 'The Ameri-
cans Roused ' (q.v.).—Fillupis an innkeeper
in FOOTE'S ' Maid of Bath' (q.v.).
Film.ore, Lewis. Playwright and
translator; author of 'The AVinning Suit'
(1863), and of translations into English of
Goethe's ' Faust ' (1841) and Scliiller's ' Maid
of Orleans' (1882).
FILS DE CORALIE
il6
FIRE-RAISER
Fils de Coralie (Le). A comedy in
four acts, by Delpit, performed by a French
company at the Gaiety Theatre, London,
in June, 1881. See Adventuress, The;
Coralie; Felicia.
Fils de Famine (Le). See Discarded
Sox, The; Fighting Forty- First, The;
Lan'cers, The ; Queen's Shilling. The.
Fils du Diable (Le). See Three Red
Men, The.
Filthy Lucre. A drama in three acts,
by Walter Browne (q.v.).
Fin Maccoul. A comedy-drama in
three acts, by Dion Boucicault, performed
at the i:iephant and Castle Theatre, Lon-
don, February 2, 1887.
Financier (The). A comedy in one
act, translated from St. Foix, and printed
in 1771.
Findon, B. "W. Dramatic writer, and
critic of music and the stage ; author of the
following plays :— ' The Primrose Path '
(1892), ' Fancourt's Folly ' (1894), ' Troubles,'
' Shiela,' etc. ; theatrical and musical critic
of the Morning Advertiser ; contributor to
other London newspapers ; author of the
critical chapters in ' The Life of Sir Artliur
Sullivan ' (1899).
Fine Companion (A). A comedy by
Shakerly Marmion (q-v.), acted at Salis-
bury Court, and printed in 1633. " The plot
is designed to set forth how ' wealth shall
be put back, when wit shall thrive,' and
how scheming and doting old age are alike
impotent against the passionate determi-
nation of youth." Carelesse is the name of
the title-character.
Fine Feathers. (1) A comedy-drama,
in a prologue and three acts, by Henry J.
Byron, first performed at the Globe The-
atre, London, on April 26, 1873, with H. J.
Montagu as Harry GreviUe, 11. Compton as
Signor Rurnhalino, E. W. Garden as Daniel
Dole, Miss Rose Massey as Ethel Carling-
ford,_ and other parts by Miss Carlotta
Addison and T. A. Palmer. "The money
and estates of a certain Sir Richard Gaisford
are in the nature of ' fine feathers,' and the
various persons upon whom in the course of
the performance these possessions devolve
are consequently to be viewed as ' fine
birds.' " (2) A "play by C. E. Callahan,
performed in U.S.A.
Fine Gentleman (The) and the
Fine Lady are characters in Garrick's
'Lethe' {q.v.).
Fine Lady's Airs (The). A comedy
by Thomas Baker, acted at Drury Lane in
1708, and revived there in 1747.
"Fine young- folly, thoug-h you
■were." First line of a song in Habing-
ton'S ' Queen of Arragon' {q-v.).
Finesse ; or, Spy and Counter Spy.
A play by the COUNTESS of GiFFORD (Lady
DufFerin), first performed at the Haymarket
Theatre, London, on May 6, 1S63, with Alfred
Wigan as Dr. Bertrand, W. Farren as Jules
d'Artigny (his son), W. H. Chippendale aa
Baron Freitenhorsen, J. B. Buckstone as
John Poppleton (a sailor), H. Howe as Cap-
tain Mortimer, Braid as St. Clair, W. Gordon
as Count Filippi, Mrs. A. Wigan as Mrs.
Bobbin, Mrs. Wilkins as the Baroness Freiten-
horsen, and Miss Louisa Angel as Laura
Brandon. The scene is laid at Messina iu
ISll, and tlie action is concerned mainly
with a conspiracy which Dr. Bertrand, an
old French refugee, is enabled to frustrate
by substituting for a certain spy a spy of
his own. "In the veins of the writer,"
wrote Henry Morley, " runs the blood of
Sheridan, and the abundant mirth it causes
is genuine mirth provoked by wit in its fair
sport and its extravagance."
Fing-er, G-odfrey. Musical composer
(circa 1GS5-1717), born in Moravia, wrote
instrumental music for the following (and
other) plays :—Congreve's 'Love for Love'
(1695) and ' Mourning Bride ' (1697) ; Gib-
ber's ' Love makes a Man ' (1701), and
Farquhar's ' Sir Harry Wildair ' (1701). See
' Dictionary of National Biography.'
Finical, Father. The " Engli.sh Friar "
in Crowne's comedy so named {q.v.).
Finished Coquette (A). A play by
F. A. Mathews, performed in U.S.A.
Finnikin, Betty. A character in
' Gretna Green' iq.v.).
Fiordelisa. (1) Sister of Dorabella in
' Tit for Tat ' {q.v.). (2) The heroine of TOM
Taylor's 'Fool's Revenge' {q.v.).
Fiorella. A character in ' The Brigands '
{q.v.).
Fioretta, in Westland Marston's
' Donna Diana' (g. v.), is maid to the heroine.
Fiorinda. Duchess of Urbin in MaS-
SINGER'S • Great Duke of Florence' {q.v.).
Fire and Brimstone ; or, The De-
struction of Sodom. A drama by
George Lesly, printed in 1675.
Fire and Water. (1) A ballad opera
in two acts, words by Miles P. Andrews,
music by Samuel Arnold, performed at the
Haymarket Theatre in July, 1780. " There
is both whim and novelty in the character
of Ambuscade." (2) An operetta, adapted
from the French, words by S, Beazley,
music by Price, performed at the Lyceum
Theatre, London, in August, 1817.
Fire of London (The) ; or, Which
is Which .P A play in three acts, by
Ladv Georgiana FULLERTON, printed in
1S82.
Fire-Eater (The). A farce in one
act, by Charles Selby, first performed
at the Olympic Theatre, London, June 30,
1851.
Fire-Baiser(The); orjTheHaujited'
Moor. A melodrama in two acts, by
G. ALMAR, first performed at the Surrey
Theatre. London. February 21, 1831, with;
:
Lr
I'
r
FIREFLY
517
FIRST NIGHT
Osbaldiston in the title part, and other roles
by Ahnar, llonner, Vale, Rogers, Miss
Sonierville, Miss M. C. Poole, etc.
Firefly. An equestrian drama (based
on Ouida's ' Under Two Flags '), produced at
the Surrey Theatre, London, May 17, 1869.
Firelig-ht. A play by A. E. Lancaster
and A. Hurnblow, performed in U.S.A.
Fireside Hamlet (A). A "tragic
farce" by Comyns Carr, first performed at
the Prince's Theatre, Londf^i, November
27, 1884, with 11. Beerbohm Tree and. Miss
Tilbury in the cast.
Fireside Story (A). A Christmas
comedietta in one act, by W'alter Gordon,
included in De Witt's acting plays.
Firestone. The clown, and Hecate's
Bon, in MiDDLETON'S • Witch ' {q.v.).
Fire"WOrks. A farcical comedy in three
acts, by F. C. Philips and Percy Fendall,
Vaudeville Theatre, London, June 29, 1893.
Firmilian. A " spasmodic " tragedy by
W^ILLIAM EU.MONSTOUNE AYTOUN (1813-
1865), published in 1854, and intended as a
burlesque on tlie school of poets represented
by Alexander Smith and P. J. Bailey.
First Affections. A comedietta by
J. Palgrave Simpson, first performed at
the St. James's Theatre, London, on Fel)-
ruary 13, 1860. See Girl I Left Behind
Me.
First Born (The). A play in two
scenes, ]iy Francis Powers, portraying
Chinese life in San Francisco, originally
produced at the Alcazar Tlieatre in that
city, May 3, 1897 ; first acted in New York
at the Manhattan Theatre, October 5, 1897,;
first performed in England at the Globe
Theatre, London, November 1, 1897, with
the author as Chan Wang and Miss May
Buckley as Loey.
First Breeze (The). A farcical comedy
in one act. by W. R. Denny, Theatre Royal,
West Hartlepool, INIarch 6, 1891.
First Class. A drama in four acts, by
F. A. Scudamore, first performed at Green-
wich, September 14, 1885 ; played at Gal-
veston, Texas, in February, li;S7.
First Come, First Served. (1) A
musical piece, printed in 1797. (2) A farce
in two acts, by Sir J. Carr, performed at
the Haymarket in August, 1S03.
First Experiment (A). A comedietta
in one act, by J. Wilton Jones, Dewsbury,
October 10, 1882.
First Faults. A comedy in five acts,
by Maria Therese Decamp (Mrs. Charles
Kemble), performed at Drury Lane on May
3, 1799, with C. Kemble as Lord Fallible,
Suett as Long odds, Dowton as Cleaveland,
Mrs. Jordan as Emma Cleaveland, Miss
Mellon as Tulip, and other parts by Ban-
nister, jun., Barrymore, R. Palmer, We-
Vitzer, etc.
First Favourite (The). A drama in
one act, by C. H. Hazlewood, Britannia
Theatre, London, October 25, 1873.
First Floor (The). A farce by James
Cobb, performed at Drury Lane in January,
1787.
First Gentleman of Europe (The).
A three-act romantic play, by Frances
Hodgson Burnett and " George Fleming"
(Constance Fletcher), first perfiarmed at the
Lyceum Theatre, New York, January 25,
1897.
First Irripressions. (1) A comedy in
five acts, by Horace Smith, first performed
at Drury Lane on October 30, 1813, with a
cast including Munden, Rae, Elliston, Ox-
berry, Wrench, Mrs. Glover, Mrs. Edwin,
Miss Kelly, etc. (2) A play by Lester
Wallace {q.v.), first performed at Wallack's
Theatre, New York, September 17, 1856,
with the author as Peveril.
First in the Field. A comedietta in
one act, founded by C. M. Rae on Meilhac's
• Suzanne et les Deux Veillards,' and first
performed at Nottingham in May, ISSl, with
Charles Kelly and Miss Florence Terry in
the cast ; produced at the Globe Thea'tre,
London, on May 20, 1882, with C. Kelly in
his original part. See Two Old Boys.
First Kiss (The). A play by M. Hege-
MAN, performed in U.S.A.
First Love. (1) A comedy by Richard
Cu.mberland, performed at Drury Lane iu
September, 1705, with Miss Farren as Ladif
Jiubi/, Palmer as Frederick Mowbray, Mrs.
Jordan as Sahina liosny, Wroughton as Lord
Sensitive, and other parts l)y King, Ban-
nister, jun., R. Palmer, Suett, Miss Pope,
etc. (2) A drama in three acts, by W. E.
Suter (q.v.), first performed at the Grecian
Theatre, June 15, 1863, with a cast including
A. Rayner, T. Mead, G. Conquest, and Miss
M. Victor.
First Nig-ht (The). (1) A farce in one
act, by Tom Parry (q.v.), first performed at
the Adelphi Theatre, London, November
27, 18.S4, with John Reeve as Peter Pearl-
button. (2) A play adapted by Alfred
WiGAN from ' Le P^re de la Debutante '
iq.v.) and first performed at the Princess's
Theatre, London, in October, 1849, with the
adapter as Achille Talma Diifard and Miss
Louisa Howard as Emilie Antoinette Rose ;
first performed in America at Niblo's in
]\Iay, 1851, with Placide as Dufard; revived
at the Olympic in November, 1854 ; at the
Princess's'in October, 1860, Avith A. Harris as
Dufard and Miss Maria Harris as Hose ; at the
Gaiety on March 12, 1S70, and at Drury Lane
on July 1, 1872 (Wigan's farewell benefit), in
each case with Wigan in his original role ;
at the Folly Theatre in July, 1879, with G.
W. Anson and Mdme. Dolaro in the prin-
cipal parts ; at the Comedy Theatre in
October, 1887, with Frank Wyatt as Dufard ;
at the Haymarket in INIay, 1888, with H.
Beerbohm Tree as Dufard and Miss Kate
Rorke as Rose; at Her Majesty's Theatre
FIRST OF APRIL
51S
FISHER
in May, 1899, with H. Beerbohm Tree as
Dufar'd. A new version by H. A. Saints-
bury was produced at the Kennington
Theatre. London, in August, 1899. See
Debuiante, The.
First of April (The). A farce in two
acts, by Caroline Boaden, first performed
at the Havmarket, August 11, 1830, with
W. Farren as Sir Bumpkin Pedigree, Vming
as Colonel Airy (his nephew), Webster as
Roughhead (his servant), Brindal as Captain
Heartfree, and Mrs. Humby as Clara ; first
performed in America in the November fol-
lowing, at the Park Theatre, New York, with
Placide as Pedigree.
Pirst of May (The). A farce in one
act, bv A. YOUNGE, first performed at
Sadler's "Wells, October 26, 1849, with the
author as Robert Snolts.
First Offence (A;>. A play by P. Wil-
STACK, performed in U.S.A.
First Printer (The). A play by Tom
Taylor and Charles Reade, first per-
formed at the Princess's Theatre, London,
on March 3, 1856, with Charles Kean in the
title part {Laurence Cosfar), J. Ryder as
John of Gutenberg, Miss Heath as Margaret
<with whom both Costar and Gutenberg are
in love). Miss Murray as the Countess J acque-
Mne, and David Fisher and Frank Matthews
in other parts. In this piece Cosiar is re-
presented as the first printer, from whom
Gutenberg steals the invention, only to have
his rascality exposed at the end. Margaret
loves Costar, and is united to him after he
has gone through many trials.
First Violin (The). (1) A four-act
dramatization, by J. I. C. Clark and
Meridan Phelps, of Miss Jessie Fother-
gill's novel of the same name, originally
produced at the Hollis Street Theatre,
Boston, U.S.A., April 18, 1898, with Richard
Mansfield in the principal part ; first per-
formed in New York at the Garden Theatre,
April 25, 1898. (2) A drama in four acts,
radapted by Sidney Bowkett from Miss
Fothergill's novel, and first performed at
the Peckham Theatre, London, March 27,
1899.
Fish. A lady's maid in Mrs. Inchbald'S
•* Appearance is Against Them ' {q.v.).
Fish out of Water (A). A farce in
one act, by Joseph Lunn, first performed
at the Havmarket, with Liston as Sam
Savoury, 3Irs. Waylett as Ellen Courtly,
etc. ; revived at the Lyceum Theatre, Lon-
don, October, 1S74, with H. Compton as
Sam.
Fisher, Charles. Theatrical manager
and instrumentalist, born 1795, died 1S71 ;
son of David Fisher (1761-1832) ; succeeded
his father as manager of the Norfolk and
Suffolk circuit. He retained the position,
it seems, till about 1843, when he resigned
it to his brother George, and, as leader of
the band, joined the Norwich Theatre, where
his son Charles {q.v.) was the leading actor.
Later (1851) he went to Glasgow (under
Edmund Glover) in the capacity of or-
chestral conductor. He was both violinist
and 'cellist. See the Theatre magazine for
April, ISSO.
Fisher, Charles. Actor, born in 1816,
died June 11, 1891 ; son of Charles Fisher
(1795-1871) ; after considerable and varied
experience in England, went to America in
1852, making his first appearance at Burton's
Theatre, New York, in August of that year.
He was engaged successively at the Old
Broadwav, Niblo's, the Winter Garden,
Laura Keene's, Wallack's (1861), and Fifth
Avenue (1872), M'here he began a long asso-
ciation with August in Daly. He was last
seen on the stage in 1890, at the Lyceum,
London, as a member of Daly's " company
of comedians." Among the characters of
which he was the original representative
are : Mattheic Leigh in Wallack's ' Rosedale,'
Beppo Peph in Boker's ' Francesca da Ri-
mini,' David Deans in Boucicault's 'Heart
of Midlothian,' and Eyrie Daly in ' The
Colleen Bawn.' At different epochs of his
career he figured as Mercutio, Jaques, Mai-
volio, Falstaf, Armado, Adam, and Bap-
tista; Ben ('Love for Love'), Do7i Manuel
C She Would and She Would Not '), Moody
(' Country Girl'), Goldfinch and Old Dornton
(' Road to' Ruin '), Worihington (' Poor Gentle-
man'), Joseph Surface, Sir Oliver Surface,
and Sir Peter Teazle, Sir Thomas Clifford
(' Hunchback '), Sir Walter Amyott (' Wife's
Secret'), Triplet, Tom Stylus ('Society'),
Sir Geoffrey Champneys (' Our Boys '), and
the Dean of St. MarvelVs ('Dandy Dick').
See Winter's ' Shadows of the Stage ' (1892).
Fisher, Clara [Mrs. Maeder]. Actress
and vocalist, born July 14, 1811 ; daughter of
F. G.Fisher, successively a Brighton li brarian
and a London auctioneer ; at six years of age
she (1817) figured at Drury Lane as Lord
Flimnap in ' Gulliver in Lilliput' {q.v.), in-
troducing an impersonation of Richard III.
which drew "all London." From Drury
Lane she went to Co vent Garden, and thence
to the provinces, where she " starred " with
great success for several years, returning to
Drury Lane in December, 1822, to appear as
Little Pickle, one of the most popular of her
assumptions. In September, 1827, she made
her American debut at the Park Theatre,
New York, as Albina in ' The Well ' and the
four Mowbrays in ' Old and Young.' "She
had not reached her seventeenth year,"
writes Ireland, "and, though not possessing
strict beauty of features, was certainly one
of the most bewitching .specimens of
feminine creation that eyes had ever looked
upon." During this engagement she was
also seen as Letitia Hardy, Lydia Languish,
Goldfinch, young Xorval, and Cherubino.
As an adult actress, she appeared in such
roles as Ophelia, Viola, Mrs. Page, Audrey,
and the Fool in ' Lear ; ' as Peggy (' Country
Girl '), Lady Teazle, Mrs. Candour, Lady Gay
Spanker, the Widoiv Green ; and as Betty Fin-
I 7iikin, Coivslip, a,nd Cicely Homesjmn. "In
comedv we consider her the most perfect
and fiiii-shed actress that has ever trodden
; the American stage " (Ireland, ' New York
FISHER
519
FISHERMAN'S DAUGHTER
Stage '). Her formal farewell of the pro-
fession took place in November, 1844, bnt
she reappeared in 1S51, at Brougham's
Lyceum and Niblo's, Mew York, figuring in
opera bouffe. She married J. G. Maeder, a
musician, in 1S34.
Fisher, David. Vocalist and theatrical
manager, born at Xorwich, 1761, died 1S32 ;
was first connected with the building trade
in his native place, but, having a good voice,
joined the company of the local theatre as
a vocalist. Later, with a partner (who soon
dropped out of tlie concern) he started a
dramatic company to work the Norfolk and
.Suffolk circuit. At first it acted in fitted-up
places ; but, by degi'ees, Fisher built small
theatres in Bungay, Beccles, Sudbury, Wood-
bridge, Newmarket, Lowestoft, and so forth,
to which he took his troupe in succession.
At his death, the management of the circuit
devolved upon his son Charles {q.v-). See
the Theatre magazine for April, 1880.
Fisher, David. Actor, born 1788, died
18oS ; son of David Fislier (1761-1832) ; made
his first appearance in London on December
3, 1817, at Drury Lane, as Macbeth, which
he followed up in the same month with
Richard III. and Hamlet. At the same
house, in 1818, he figured as Lord Townleij
and Pyrrhiis, besides being tlie first repre-
sentative of Titus in Payne's ' Brutus ' {q.v.).
He retired from the profession in 1831. See
Genest's ' English Stage.'
Fisher, David. Actor ; born at East
Dereham, Norfolk, in 1816 ; died October,
1887 ; .son of David Fisher (1788-1858) ; made
his first professional appearance when throe
years old. After fourteen yeai's' experieiu-e
in youthful parts, he left the stage, tem-
porarily, to play the violin at concerts in
Norwich. Returning, two yeai-s later, to
the boards, he served in the provinces under
various managers, making his metropolitan
entree in November, 1853, as Victor in
* The Lancers ' at the Princess's Theatre.
From that date onwards he was the original
representative of many stage characters,
including Michaelmas in Jerrold's ' Heart
of Gold' (Princess's, 1854), the AhM Lutour
in ' The Dead Heart' (Adelphi, 1859), Jona-
than Garraicay in ' Paper Wings ' (Adelphi,
1860), Abel lioncydeio in 'Paul's Return'
and Jonas Puffy in 'The Streets of Lon-
don'(Princess's, 1864), Or2->heus in Flunche's
'Orpheus and Eurydice' (Haymarket, 1S65),
Major Trehcrne in 'Cyril's Success' (Globe,
1868), Major Jonini in ' Formosa ' (Drury
Lane, 1869), Ring Hildebrand in ' The Prin-
cess,' Michael in Reece's ' Undine,' and
Lord Clarcn.ont in 'Handsome is that
Handsome does' (Olympic, 1870), Mr. Merry
in 'Partners for Life' (Globe, 1871), Richard
Fallow in ' Forgiven ' and Jaspar Jones, J. P.
in ' The Spur of the Moment ' (Globe, 1872),
jEthais in ' The Happy Land ' (Court, 1873),
Sir Ransom Trivass in ' An American
Lady' (Criterion, 1874), Ja^^Jc Paget in 'The
Detective ' (Holborn, 187.5), Westbrook in
•The Old Love and the New' (Court, 1879),
a.nd Lord de Motteville in 'A Great Catch'
(Olympic, 1883). Among other parts played
by Fisher in London were Osivald in ' King
Lear,' Falstaff, Hulks in ' The Willow Copse,'
K\jrle Daly in ' The Colleen Bawn,' Father
Doolan in 'The Shaughraun,' Micaiober in
' Little Em'ly,' Rrigard in ' Frou Frou,'
Grignon in 'The Ladies' Battle,' and Lord
Rosherville in Merivale's ' Cynic' In 1876-77
he played Sir Jasiyer Coombe in ' Dan'l
Druce ' on tour. His last part was that of Sir
Toby Reich at the Lyceum in 1S84. He was
the author of two farces (with instrumental
solos)—' Music hath Charms ' (1858) and
' Heartstrings and Fiddlestrings ' (1863 ?)—
in which he was respectively the original
impersonator of Pertinax and Mozart Smith.
See Pascoe's 'Dramatic List' (1880), the
* Stage ' for November 17, 1882, and E. L.
Blanchard's ' Diary ' (1891).
Fisher, David. Actor; son of David
Fi-sher (1816-1887) ; made his professional
d^but as a child, in 1852. His adult career
as an actor began at Manchester in 1862.
His London entree was made in July, 1875,
at the Haymarket, as Moses in ' The School
for Scandal.' His " original " parts included
Retain in 'Cora' (1877), the Rev. Horatio
Tibbets in ' Brass ' (1877), Ringham in ' The
Hornet'sNest'(lS78), 2'a;>er^?/in ' Conscience
Money ' (1878), Lord William Whitehead in
'The Crisis' (1878), and Pawley Fox in
'Duty' (1879). He played the Clown in
' Twelfth Night ' at the Haymarket in 1878.
Fisher, Walter H. Actor and vocalist ;
made his first appearance in London at
the Court Theatre in 1872 as the original
Ambroise in ' Broken Spells' {q.v.). At the
same theatre in 1873 he was the first repre-
sentative of Percy Herbert in 'Marriage
Lines' (5. r.). Among other parts "created"
by him were Sir Vane Limpet in ' Sour
Grapes' (1873), Lord Woodstock in 'Lady
Ciancarty' (1874), and Cherubino in 'The
School of Intrigue' (1874). Later he joined
the light operatic stage, undertaking the
leading tenor roles in ' Girofle-Girofla ' (1874),
' La Fille de Madame Angot' (1875), ' La Peri-
chole' (1875), 'La Marjolaine' (1877), 'La
Belle Hel^ne' (1878), 'La Jolie Parfumeuse'
(1S78), ' INIadame Favart ' (1879), etc.
Fisher Girl (The). (1) A drama in
three acts, adapted by Charles Hannan
from the French, and produced "for copy-
right purposes," Ladbroke Hall, London,
January 16, 1890 ; performed in four acts, and
under the title of ' Monsieur Moulon ; or.
The Shadow of Death,' Shaftesbury Theatre,
London, October 28, 1890. (2) A musical
plav in two acts, written by Oswald Brand,
composed by William T. Gliddon, Theatre
Royal, Hanley, May 27, 1901.
Fisherman's Daug-hter (The). (1)
A plav by Harry Jackson {q.v.), performed
in U.S.A. (2) A domestic drama in two
acts, by Charles Garvice, Royalty The-
atre, London, December 26, 1881. (3) An
Irish comedy-opera in three acts, written
by Dr. M. A. Ward, music by Mrs. G. A.
Curran. Queen's Theatre, Dublin, February
15. 1892.
FISKE
FITZGERALD
Fiske, Harrison Grey. Dramatic
•writer; author of ' Fontenelle,' 'Hester
Crewe,' 'Marie Deloche' (adapted), 'The
Privateer,' ' The Queen of Liars ' (adapted),
' A White Pink ' (adapted), and other plays ;
also, with C. Klein, of ' The District Attor-
ney ' — all first produced in the United
States.
Piske, Mrs. See Madderx, Minnie.
Fitcli, Clyde, American dramatic
■writer, has written the following (and other)
plays :— ' April Weather,' ' Beau Brummell,'
' Betty's Finish,' ' Captain Jinks of the
Horse Marines,' 'The Climbers,' 'The Cow-
boy and the Lady,' ' Frederic Lemaitre,'
' His Grace de Grammont,' ' The Last of
the Dandies,' ' The Liar,' ' Lovers' Lane,'
' Marriage, 1S92,' ' The Marriage Game,' ' A
Modern Match,' ' Mistress Betty,' 'Nathan
Hale," Pamela's Prodigy,' and 'The Social
Swim ;' also 'The American Duchess,' 'The
Masked Ball,' 'Mrs. Grundy, Jun.,' 'Old
Goriot,' ' Sapho,' and other adaptations ;
also, -with Leo Dietrichstein, ' Gossip ' and
•A Superfluous Husband.'
Fit of the Blues (A). An operetta by
V. ROBILLARD.
Fits and Starts. A farce in t-wo acts,
by Wilton Jones and Walter Browne,
first performed at the Gaiety Theatre, Lon-
don, May 2, 1SS5 ; played in the English
provinces in 1SS6, -with J. L. Shine in the
leading part.
Fitsgrave, in Middleton's ' Your Five
Gallants '(^.r.), is " a 'thrice worthy ' gentle-
man, who, under the disguise of a young
gentleman fresh from college, succeeds in
circumventing and unmasking the five as-
sociated swindlers of variously villainous
professions by whom a fair and amiable
heiress is beleaguered and befooled."
Fitzaltamont. A broken-down tra-
gedian in H. J. Byron's 'Prompter's Box'
(g.r.) (' The Crashed Tragedian,' q.v.).
Fitzbalaara, Lord, figures in Colman's
'John Bull.' There is an Ho7i. Bertie Fitz-
dangle in Alfred Wigan".s ' First Night ; '
an Alfred Fit-frolic in Selbt's ' Dancing
Barber' {q.v.); a Fit zf addle in Haynes
Bayly''S 'Daughter' {q.v.); an Av.nustus
Fitz/uddle in Conway Edwardes's 'Board
and Residence' {q.v.); and an Hon. Frede-
rick FitzFudge in Blanchard"s 'Artful
Dodge' {q.v.).
Fitzball, Edward. Dramatic and
miscellaneous writer, born 1792, died Oc-
tober, 1S73 ; son of a farmer named Ball,
his mother's maiden name being Fitz —
whence the pseudonym which he adopted
for literary purposes. Appi-enticed to a
printer in Norwich (1S09-1S12), he started
business in 1814 on his own account. His
first play, ' The Innkeeper of Abbeville,'
was performed originally before the Norwich
public, and in ls;21-2 was brought out at
the Surrey Theatre. Fi'om that time on-
wards Fitzball devoted himself to ^vTiting
for the stage, turning out a large number
of dramas, melodramas, burlettas, an(?
operatic libretti. He wrote in succes-
sion for the Surrey, Sadler's Wells, Adelphi,
Covent Garden, Lyceum, and Olympic
theatres, at some of which he held the
post of " reader." The following is an
alphabetical list of those of his dramatic
works which have been included in the
various series published by Cumberland,
Duncombe, French, and Lacy : — ' Azael the
Prodigal,' 'The Bronze Horse' (libretto),
' The Carmelites ' Gihretto), ' Cliildren of
the Castle,' ' Christmas Eve,' ' The Crock
of Gold' (adaptation), 'The Crown Dia-
monds' (libretto), ' The Deserted Mill,' ' The
Devil's Elixir ' (libretto), ' The Earthquake,'
'Esmeralda' (adaptation), 'False Colours,'
' The Favourite ' (libretto), ' The Floating
Beacon,' 'The Fortunes of Nigel' (adapta^-
tion), ' The Flying Dutchman,' ' Hans von
Stein,' ' Harlequin and Humpty Dumpty,'
'Hofer, the Tell of the Tyrol,' 'Home
Again," The Inchcape Bell,' 'The Innkeeper
I of Abbeville, ' 'Joan of Arc,' 'Jonathan
Bradford,' 'The King of the Mist,' 'The
Kceul^a,' ' Lurline ' (libretto), ' Madelaine '
I (adaptation), ' Maritana' (libretto), ' Mar-
j mion ' (adaptation), ' Mary Glastonbury,'
' INlary Melvyn,' ' 'The ^Miller of Derwent-
' water,' ' The Momentous Question,' ' The
I Negro of Wapping,' ' The Note-Forger,'
' ' Paul Clifford ' (adaptation), ' Peveril of the
j Peak' (adaptation), 'Pierette' (libretto),
I ' The Pilot ' (adaptation), ' Quasimodo '
j (lyrics), 'The Queen of the Thames' (li-
bretto), ' Raymond and Agnes ' (lyrics)»
' The Red Rover,' ' Robin Hood,' ' The Siege
: of Rochelle ' (libretto), ' Thalaba the De-
stroyer' (adaptation). 'Tom Cringle,' 'The
Traveller's Room,' ' Walter Brand? ' Walter
I Tyrell,' ' Wardock Kennilson,' ' Waverley'
(adaptation), and 'Zazezizozu.' To these
I have to be added ' The Duel in the Snow,'
j ' Father and Son,' and ' Nitocris ; ' also the
I libretto of ' Adelaide ' (Bishop), and of
I Balfe's ' Diadeste,' 'Keolanthe,' and 'The
Maid of Honour.' Most of the above-named
' pieces are mentioned, under their titles,
elsewhere in this volume. See FitzbaU's
autobiography, entitled ' Thirty-Five Years
of a Dramatic Author's Life ' (iS59), Bunn's
I ' The Stage ' (1S40), and Planche's ' Recol-
I lections and Reflections' (1872).
FitzGerald, Edward. Poet and
prose writer, born 1S09, died 1^83 ; translated
and adapted eight of the plays of Calde-
Ton{q.v.). He also translated and adapted
I the ' Aaamemnon ' of ^Fschylus (1876) anct
the 'CEdipus' of Sophocles '(1880-81). See
I his ' Letters ' (1 894 and 1901) and ' Letters ta
I Fanny Kemble ' (1895) ; also SUCH Stuff as
! Drea'ms are made of.
Fitzg-erald, Percy Hethering-ton.
Dramatic and miscellaneous writer ; author
I of the following stage pieces : — ' The
I William Simoson' (1872),"' The Henwitchers'
j (ls76), 'Room No. 20' (1886), 'Proverbs
and Comediettas for Private Representa-
tion ' (15.69), and, with W. G. Wills. ' Van-
' derdeckeu ' (1876) ; author, also, of the
I
I
•f-^
FITZGERALD
521
FITZWILLIAM
following volumes :— ' The Life of David
Garrick' (186S and 1899), 'Principles of
Comedy and Dramatic Effect' (1870), 'The
Kembles' (1871), 'The Life and Adven-
tures of Alexandre Dumas' (1873), 'The
Romance of the English Stage' (1874),
•The World behind the Scenes' (1881), 'A
New History of the English Stage' (1882),
'The Lives of the Sheridans' (1S86), 'The
Life of Mrs. Catherine Clive' (18.88), 'The
Art of Acting' (1892), 'Henry Irving:
Twenty Years at the Lyceum ' (1893 and
1895), and 'The Savoy Opera and the Sa-
voyards' (1S94); editor, also, of 'The Book
of Theatrical Anecdotes' (1874), and 'The
Art of tlie Stage as set out in Lamb's
Essays ' (1885) ; besides many contributions
to the magazines. See his autobiographical
' Memoirs of an Author ' (1894).
Fitz-Gerald, S. J. Adair. Dramatic
writer and critic ; author of the following
stage pieces :— 'J'he libretto of ' A Lucky
Girl' (1889), 'The Parson' (1891). 'Two
Hearts' (1894), the libretto of 'The Bric-
a-Brac Will' (1895), 'A Jealous Mistake'
(1899), ' The Parting ' (1899), ' Waiting for
the Train' (1899), a new version of 'Rip
Van Winkle ' (1899), a libretto for Gounod's
*Cinq Mars' (1900), 'That Sister of Mine'
(1900); and with J. H. Merritteld, 'The
Barringtons ' ( I «84). He has also published
three plays for children : ' Tlio Wearing of
the Green' (1900), ' Jiirds of a Feather,' and
'The Flower Fairies' Frolic' (1902).
Fitzliarding-. A character in Tobin's
' Curfew' iq.v.).
Fitzliubert, Captain Robert. .V
character in Miss Le TlllKllE's 'AH for
Money ' iq.v.).
Fitzjames figures in the various adapta-
tions of Scott's ' Lady of the Lake ' {q.v.).
Fitzpatrick, Emina. Actress, died
March, 1808 ; made her cUhut under the
auspices of Madame Vestris. On August
SO, 1849, she began at Sadler's Wells an
engagement during which she played (with
other parts) Letitia Hardy, Constance in
' The Love Chase,' Uypolita in ' She Would
and She Would not,' .Juliana in ' The
Honeymoon,' Helen in ' The Hunchback,'
Lady Teazle, and Lady Rodolpha in ' The
Man of the World.' She afterwards ap-
peared at Drury Lane. Westland Marston
t-ays that in her acting " humour and lively
characterization were combined with rare
good taste and refinement. Her union of
spirit with elegance was delightful " (' Our
Recent Actors^' 18SS).
Fitzsmy-the of Fitzsmyiihe HalL
.A farce Viy J. Maddison Morton {q.i\),
first performed at the Haymarket in INIav,
1860.
Fitzurse, Bertie, in Taylor and
DUBOURG's ' New Men and Old Acres '
iq.v.).
Fitzwilliam, Edward. Actor, born
in Loiuloii, 1788, died 1852 ; of Irish parent-
age, had experience in the provinces before
making his London d^but at the West
Jiondon Theatre as Hodge in 'Love in a
Village.' Thence he passed to the Olympic
and the Royal Circus, at which latter house
he became a popular favourite in such parts
as Patch, Partridge, Humphrey Clinker, and
Dumbiedyke.9. In 1821 he went to Drury
Lane, where he was successful in Irish
characters. He married Fanny Copeland
in 1822. See Fitzwilliam, Mrs. Edward ;
also Oxberry's ' Dramatic Biography,'
Genest's 'English Stage,' and the 'Era'
for April 4, 1852.
Fitzwilliam, Mrs. Edward [Fanny
Elizabeth Copeland]. Actress, born 1802,
died September, 1854 ; daughter of Robert
Copeland, manager of the Dover circuit ;
made her debut at two years of age, and
played juvenile parts till she was ten, when
she left the stage to study music. When
fifteen she made her rentree at the Dover
Theatre, undertaking leading roles. Her first
appearance in London was at the Haymarket
in July, 1816, as Cherubino in ' Follies of a
Day ' iq.v.). Thence she went to the Surrey,
tile Olympic, Drury Lane (1821), and
the Adelphi (1825), figuring at tlie last-
named in the first casts of 'The Pilot,'
' The Dead Shot,' ' The Wreck Ashore,' and
so forth. In 1832 she was co-lessee with
W. H. Williams of Sadler's Wells. In 1837
she went to the Haymarket. She made her
first curtsey to an American audience in
October, 1839, at the Park Tlieatre, New
York, where she was seen and admired as
Peggy in 'The Country Girl,' Kitty Skylark.
in ' Single Life,' Paul in ' The Pet of the
Petticoats,' Sally Scruggs, and the Widow
Brady. Her last appearance in the States
was at Niblo's, New York, in August, 1842.
At the Adelphi she was the original Nelly
O'Neill in 'Green Bushes '(1845) and Starlight
Bess in ' The Flowers of the Forest ' (1847).
Later she joined the company at the Hay-
market, where she remained till she died,
being the first representative of the follow-
ing (and other) characters ■.—Caroline Skeggs
in Coyne's ' Vicar of Wakefield ' (1850),
Fortune in ' The Ascent of Mount Parnassus '
(1853), Z/ad?/ Betterton in 'Elopements in High
Life' (1853), Miss Coddleton in 'Ranelagh'
(1854), Jeannet.te in 'The Old Chateau'
(1S54), Bessie Hebblethwaitc in the ' Unequal
Match ' (1857), and Cicely Clover in 'A Mad-
cap Prince ' (1874). In 1856 she played Audrey
in ' As You Like It,' and Oriana in ' The
Inconstant.' Among her most popular parts
were Margery in ' The Rough Diamond,' and
Nan in ' Good for Nothing.' See Oxberry's
'Dramatic Biography' (1825-7), Genest's
'English Stage' (1832), G. Vandenhoff's
' Actor's Note-book ' (1860), Ireland's ' New
York Stage ' (1S67), Stirling's ' Old Drury
Lane' (1881), etc. "In broad farce,'' wrote
F. C. Wemyss, " she is irresistible, and
now and then a little touch of pathos
falls beautifully from her lips, but in the
elegant comedy there is too much of the
chambermaid " (' Theatrical Biography ').
Fitzwilliam, Edward Francis.
Musical composer and director, born afc
FITZWILLIAM
522
FLASH
Deal, 1824, died 1857 ; son of Edward Fitz-
william (q.v.) ; was chef d'orchestre at the
Lycevira, London, from 1847 to 1849, and at
the Haymarket from 1853 till his death.
During the latter period he wrote the music
for all the Haymarket pantomimes. He
composed the score of ' Love's Alarms,'
' Queen of a Day,' ' Summer Nights,' and
other operas and operettas, as well as the
overture, e7itr'acte, and vocal music for
' Green Bushes ' (q.v.).
Fitzwilliam, Mrs. Edward Francis
[Ellen Chaplin]. Actress, born 1822, died
1880 ; made her metropolitan d<'but at the
Adelphi in October, 1841. She was for
manv years a member of the Haymarket
company under Buckstone, appearing in the
original performances of Coyne's ' Secret
Agent,' Heraud's ' Wife and No Wife,' etc.,
etc.
Pitzwilliam, Kathleen Mary [Mrs.
C. Withall]. Actress and vocalist, born
1826, died 1894 ; began her career as a
concert singer. In 1845, at Birmingham,
she made her histrionic ddbut as Rosina in
' The Barber of Seville ' (q-v.). After much
and varied experience in the country, play-
ing such parts as Ojihrlia, Helen in ' The
Hunchback,' Madge Wildjire, and Pauline
Deschajielles, she "made her London entree
at the Lyceum in December, 1847, appearing
as the first representative of the heroine in
Selby's ' Peggy Green ' (q-v.). Other original
parts played by her at tbis theatre between
1847 and 1849 included Prince Humpy in
' The Golden Branch,' Ariadne in ' Theseus
and Ariadne,' Prince Florizel in ' The King
of the Peacocks,' and St. George in the
' Seven Champions of Christendom,'— all
by Planch^ ; as well as Margaret Honeyball
in S. Brooks's ' Anything for a Change.'
She also appeared as Anne Page in 'The
Merry AVives of Windsor ' and Pollg Peach-
tim in ' The Beggar's Opera.' In 1850 she
was at the Haymarket, from which she
went in the same year to the Adelphi,
where she was seen in ' Esmeralda,' ' Jessie
Grey,' 'The Tarantula,' and other pieces.
Her last appearance was made in August,
1852, in ' Bon Soir, Signor Pantalon.' After
that she confined her energies to the con-
cert platform. In 1854 she married and
retired. See Pascoe's ' Dramatic List '
(1880).
Five Degrrees of Crime (The). A
drama by Leman Rede, played at the New
City Theatre, London, in 1833.
Five Hundred Francs. An operetta,
libretto by Marmaduke Brow.x, music by
Isidore de Solla, Vaudeville Theatre, Lon-
don, July 6, 1885.
£500 Reward. A farce by Alfred
WiGAN, adapted from ' Le Capitaine de
Voleurs,' and performed at the Lyceum
Theatre, London, in 1845-47. See Old
Offenders.
Five Miles 0£f; or, The Fing-er-
Post. A comedy in three acts, by T.
DiBDiN (q.v.), first performed at the Hay-
market in July, 1806, with llae in the
chief part, and Edmund Kean among the
" supers."
Five Pounds Reward. A farce by
John Oxenford (q.v.), first performed at
the Olympic Theatre, London, December 3,
1855, with F. Robson as Benjamin Bostle-
tliioaite.
Five Thousand a Year. A comedy
in three acts, by T. Dibdin, first performed
at Covent Garden in March, 1799, with a
cast including Lewis, Pope, Munden, Mrs.
Pope, Miss Murray, etc.
Fix, Mr. and Mrs. Carnaby, figure
in Oxenford's 'Cleft Stick.'— i'7.r is the
name of a detective in ' Round the World in
Eighty Days' (q.v.).
Fixed. A farcical comedy by J. Wilton
Jones, first performed at Wigan on March
12, 1S83.
Fixture. A character in ' A Roland for
an Oliver' (q.v.).
Flag-on, Moll, in Burgoyne's 'Lord of
the Manor ' (q.v.).
Flam, Nicholas. See Nicholas
Flam.
Flamhoroug-h, Farmer, and Polly,
his daughter, figure in versions of ' The
Vicar of Wakefield ' (q.v.).
Flamhoyante (La). See Saucy
Sally.
Flame, King-. See King Flame.
Flame, Lord. A character in John-
son's ' Hurlo Thrumbo ' (q.v.).
Flaming-o ; or, The Rook and the
Cause. A folie tnusicale by F. Hay and
F. W\ Green, first performed at the Strand
Theatre, London, on September IS, 1875,
with a cast including E. Terry, H. Cox, C.
D. Marius, Miss Lottie Venne, and Miss
Angelina Claude.
Flaminia. Daughter of Sir Simon Dupe
in Miller's ' Art and Nature' (q.v.).
Flaminius, Titus. Roman ambassador
at Carthage, in Massinger'S 'Believe as
you List' (q.v.).
Flams (The). A farcical comedy by
Hakry and Edward Paulton, performed
at the Bijou Theatre, New York, in 1894.
Flanag-an and the Fairies. An
extravaganza, in which Tyrone Power ap-
peared in 1836.
Flapper, Capt. the Hon. Felix, in
Stephens and Solomon's 'Billee Taylor*
(q.v.).
Flareit, Mrs., in Gibber's 'Love's
Last Shift' (q.v.).
Flash. (1) Captain Flash, a bullying
coward in Garrick'S ' Miss in her Teens'
(q.v.). (2) Frank Flash, in Taverner'S
FLASH IN THE PAN
523
FLEMMING
' Artful Husband ' (^.r.), is nephew to Lady
Upstart. (3) Sir Timothy Flash tigures in
DoDSLEY's ' Sir John Cockle at Court '(^.u.).
Flash in the Pan (A). A play in four
acts, by Allen Upwakd, first performed
at the Gaiety Theatre, Dublin, October 23,
1896, with W. H. Kendal as Sir Everard
Grey, Mrs. Kendal as Miss Sara Lester,
and other parts by W. Lugg, R. Edgcumbe,
A. Ehvood, R. Harding, J. F. Graham,
Mrs. Tapping, and Miss Nellie Campbell.
Flash of Liig-htning- (A). A play in
five acts, by August L\ Daly, first performed
at the Broadway Theatre, New York, on
June 10, 1868, with a cast including McKee
Rankin, J. C. Williamson, Miss K. Blan-
chard, and Mrs. Gilbert. " The title related
to the total destruction of a piece of jewelry
by lightning. The jewelry was supposed to
be stolen, and one of the personages was
accused of the theft." The play was pro-
duced at the Amphitheatre, Leeds, August 1,
1870, and at the Grecian Theatre, London,
November 21, 1S70. It was revived at the
Grand Opera House, New York, 1873, with
D. IL Harkins, G. L. Fox, C. Leclercq, and
Miss Minnie Walton in the cast.
Flashenhaussen. A character in A.
HAHias's ' Avalanche ' {q.v.).
Flashes. A musical absurdity in three
acts, by J. J. Hewso.x and E. L. West, first
performed at Liverpool, April 17, 1890 ; pro-
<luced at the Marylebone Theatre, July 20,
1S91.
Flashlig-hts of New York (The).
A play by II. P. TAYLOR, performed in
U.S.A.
. Flashpan, Felix, in Gilbert Arthur
A Beckett's ' Lending a Hand ' {q.v.).
"Flat." The name given to a piece of
scenery stretched on a wooden framework.
Flatbottom, Captain, in Buck-
stone's " Lilly Taylor ' {q.v.).
Flats. A farce in four " stories," adapted
by G. R. Sims from 'Les Locataires de M.
Blondeau' of Henri Chivot (Palais Royal,
1879), and first performed at the Criterion
Theatre, London, on July 23, ISSl, with a
cast including W. J. Hill (Giyglethor/ie),
Owen Dove {Count Bodcya), H. Standing
{Signor S7nithereeni), W. Blakeley, G. Gid-
dens, A. Maltby, Horatio Saker, Mrs. Alfred
Mellon, Miss H. Coveney, and Miss Dora
Vivian. See French Flats.
Flaubert, Jules. The detective in
PiNERO's 'Money Spinner' {q.v.).
Flavia. (1) The heroine of BlCKER-
STAFF's 'Absent Man' {q.v.)- (2) A cha-
racter in Ireland's 'Vortigern' {q.r.). (3)
The Princess in Hope's ' Prisoner of Zenda '
(.q.v.).
Flavig-neul, Henri de, in 'The
Ladies' Battle' {q.v.).
Flavius, in ' Timon of Athens ' {q.v.), is
an " old and lionest steward, to whom Timon
pays a luU tribute of tenderness " (Hazlitt).
Fleance. Son of Banquo in 'Macbeth '
{q.v.).
Fleay, Rev. F. Gard. Historian and
critic ; author of ' The Life and Work of
William Shakespeare' (1886), 'A Chronicle
History of the English Stage, 1559-1642'
(1890), ' A Biographical Chronicle of the
English Drama, 1559-1642 ' (1S91), a Shake-
speare Manual (1876) ; editor of Marlowe's
' Edward IL' and Shakespeare's ' King
John,' andaconti-ibutor to the Transactions
of the New Shakspere Society.
Flecknoe, Richard. Poetical and
dramatic ■v\Titer ; apparently a priest if
tlie Church of Rome, w^ho lived much
abroad ; author of some poems and the
following plays : — ' Love's Dominion' (after-
wards called ' Love's Kingdom ' {q.v.) (1654),
' Erminia, or the Fair and Virtuous Ladv '
(1661), and 'The Demoiselles k la Mode'
(1667), all of which see. Dryden's satire on
I'lecknoe, describing him as
"Without dispute,
Through all the realms of nonsense, absolute,"
is well known. See Langhorne's 'Dra-
matic Poets' (1690), Scott's edition of
Dryden (1808), etc.
Fledermaus (Die). A comic opera in
three acts, music by Johann Strauss and
Hamilton CJarke, first performed, with li-
bretto by Hamilton Aide, at the Alhambra
Theatre, London, December 18, 1876, with a
cast including E. Rosenthal in the title part
("The Bat," so named after a fancy-ball
costume), Mdlle. Cabella, Miss K. Munroe,
Miss A. Newton, Miss E. Chambers, E
Loredan, H. Paulton, etc. The plot is based
on ' Le Reveillon.' The onera was produced
at the Casino Theatre, New York, in May,
1885, and at Wal lack's Theatre in September
of that year. It was performed at Drury
Lane, by the Saxe-Coburg Court Company,
in Junej 1895.
Fleece'em, Mrs., in Foote's 'Coze-
ners' {q.v.), was intended for Mrs. Rudd, a
notorious criminal of the day.
Fleeter, Mrs. An adventuress in ' My
Sweetheart' {q.v.).
Fleire. A comedy by Edward Sharp-
ham {q.v.), entered in the books of tlie
Stationers' Company on May 9, 1606, and
acted at Black Friars by the Children of
the Revels. Fleire is tlie name taken by
Antifront, Duke of Florence, when dispos-
sessed of his dukedom. The action has to
do mainly with the love affairs of his two
daughters. See Havelittle.
Fleming-, Georgre. The nom de guerre
of Miss Constance Fletcher, the author
of ' Mrs. Lessingham,' a drama (1894), ' The
Canary,' a comedy (1899), and ' The Fanta-
sticks,'' an adaptation in English verse
(1900), all of which see. See, also, First
Gentleman in Europe.
Fleming-, Miss. See Stanley, Mrs.
Flemming-, Herbert. Actor, born
1856 ; after much experience in Australia,
FLETCHER
FLEUR DU THE
I
made his London debut in April, 1892, at the
Avenue Theatre as Krogstad in ' A Doll's
House.' He afterwards figured in the first
casts of ' The Primrose Path ' (Vaude-
ville, 1892), ' Strathlogan ' (Princess's, 1892),
' The Queen of Manoa ' (Haymarket, 1892),
' Alexandra,' and ' Clever Alice ' (Royalty,
1893), ' A Woman's Revenge ' (Adelphi, 1893),
' The Cotton King ' and ' Shall we Forgive
her?' (Adelphi, 1894), and ' Robbery under
Arms ' (Princess's, 1894).
Fletcher. (1) Beaumont Fletcher in
Webster's 'One Touch of Nature' (5. -y.) is
a dramatist. (2) Phineas Fletcher is a
character in ' L'ncle Tom's Cabin ' {q.v.).
Fletcher, Constance. See Flemi.ng,
George.
Fletcher, G-eorg-e. Author of ' Studies
of Shakespeare ' (1S47).
Fletcher, John. Dramatic writer and
poet, born at Rye, Sussex, 1579, died 1625 ;
son of the Rev. Richard Fletcher, afterwards
Bishop of London ; is identified by Dyce
with the John Fletcher who was admitted
as pensioner to Bennet College, Cambridge,
in October, 1591, becoming a Bible clerk
two years later. For reference to Fletcher's
friendship and collaboration with Francis
Beaumont, see Beaumont and Fletcher.
Fletcher is generally accepted as the sole
author of the following plays (all mentioned
in their proper places in this volume) :—
•Bonduca," 'The Chances,' 'The Faithful
Shepherdess,' ' The Humorous Lieutenant,'
' The Island Princess,' ' The Loyal Subject,'
' The Mad Lover,' ' Monsieur Thomas,' ' The
Pilgrims,' 'Rule a Wife and Have a Wife,'
•The Triumph of Death,' 'The Triumph of
Time,' ' Valentinian,' ' A Wife for a Month,'
' The Wild-goose Chase,' ' Wit without
Money,' 'The Woman's Prize,' and ' Women
Pleased.' Among the plays in producing
which he admittedly had a share, in differ-
ing degrees, are:— 'The Begtiar's Bush,'
'The Bloody Brother,' ' Cardenio,' 'The
Coronation,' ' Cupid's Revenge,' ' The Cox-
comb.' ' The Custom of the Country,' ' The
Double Marriage,' 'The Elder Brother,'
•The Fair Maid of the Inn,' 'The False
One,' 'Henry VIIL,' 'The Honest Man's
Fortune,' ' The Jeweller of Amsterdam,'
• King and No King,' ' The Knight of the
Burning Pestle,' ' The Knight of Malta,'
' The Laws of Candy,' • The Little French
Lawyer,' ' Love's Cure,' ' Love's Pilgrimage,'
'The Lovers' Progress,' 'The Maid of the
Mill,' 'The Maid's Trairedy,' 'The Nice
Valour,' 'The Night Walker,' 'Philaster,'
'The Prophetess," The Queen of Corinth,'
• The Sea Voyage,' ' Sir John Van Orden, Ban-
nerett,' ' The Spanish Curate,' ' Thierry and
Theodoret,' • The Two Noble Kinsmen,' • A
Very W^oman ' (also called ' A Right Woman '
and ' The Woman's Plot '), and ' The Woman-
Hater,'— all of which see. The plays of
Beaumont and Fletcher were collected in
1647, 1679, 1750 (by Theobald, Leonard, and
Sympson), 1778 (by Colman), 1812 (by Weber),
and 1S43-6 (by Dyce). Fletcher's ideas,
says Charles Lamb, •'moved slow ; his versi-
fication, though sweet, is tedious ; it stops
every moment ; he lays line upon line, mak-
ing up one after the other, adding image
to image so deliberately that we see where
they join ; Shakespeare mingles everything,,
he runs line into line, embarrasses sentences
and metaphors ; before one idea has burst
its shell, another is hatched and clamorous
for disclosure. Another striking difference
between Fletcher and Shakespeare is the
fondness of the former for unnatural and
violent situations. He seems to have thought
that nothing great could be produced in an
ordinary way. The chief incidents in th©
• Wife for a Month,' . . . and in many more
of his tragedies show this. Shakespeare
had nothing of this contortion in his mind,
none of that craving after romantic in-
cidents, and flights of strained and im-
probable virtue, which I think alvrays
betrays an imperfect moral sensibility. The
wit of Fletcher is excellent, like his serious
scenes, but there is something strained and
far-fetched in both. He is too mistrustful
of Nature, he always goes a little on one
side of her. Shakespeare chose her with-
out a reserve ; and had riches, power, un-
derstanding, and long life, with her, for a
dowry." See, also, George Darley's introduc-
tion to the plays of Beaumont and Fletcher
(1S40); F. G. Fleay's ' Shakspere Manual;'
and the articles contributed by F. G. Fleay
and Robert Boyle to the New Shakspere
Society's Transactions. See (in * The Poets'
Praise') the tributes to Fletcher by Waller^
CartwTlght, R. Brome, Denham, Lovelace,
Dryden, and Collins. Brome wrote—
" His scenes were acts, and every act 9. plat/.
I knew his strengtli ; even tlien, when he ,,
That was the master of his art and me,
Most knowing Johnson (proud to call him son).
In friendly envy swore he had outdone
His very self."
"In easy dialogue," wrote Dryden, "is
Fletcher's praise."
Fletcher, Phineas. Poet and dramatic
writer, born 1582, died 1650; author of
' Sicelides, a Piscatory ' (q.v.), performed in
1615, and printed in 1631.
Flour de Lys. A character in adapta-
tions of Hugo's 'Notre Dame' {q.v.).
Fleur de Lys. An opera bouffe, music
by Leo Delibes, adapted by H. B. Farnie
from 'La Cour du Roi Petaud ' of Jaime and
Gille (Paris Varietes, 1869), and produced at
the Philharmonic Theatre, London, on April
5, 1873, with Miss Selina Dolaro in the title
part. Miss Emily Soldene &S Prince Hyacinth,
E. ^Marshall as the Grand Duke, Rae as the
Court Poet, and Rouse as the God of Love.
— ' Fleur-de-Lis : ' a comic opera, libretto
adapted by J. Cheever Goodwin from the
French of Chivot and Duru, music by William
Furst ; Palmer's Theatre, New York, August
29, 1S95, with Miss Delia Fox and Jefferson
de Angelis in the principal roles.
Fleur du The. An opera bouffe in
three acts, music by C. Lecocq, libretto
(after Chivot and Duru^) by J. H. Jarvis,
first performed at the Tyne Theatre,
i-
\ (H
FLEUR
FLOATING BEACOX
Newcastle, on March 15, 1875, with a cast
including J. A. iShaw, W. G. Bedford, and
Miss Carlotta Zerbini ; produced at the
Criterion Tlieatre, London, on October 9,
1875, with Miss Biirville in tlie title part,
and other rules by W. H. Fisher, F. Clifton,
E. Marshall, Miss Sudlow, etc. ; performed
in America under the title of ' The Pearl of
Pekin.'
Fleur (La). The servant of the marquis
in Mrs. Inchbald's 'Animal Magnetism'
<2.t'.).
Fleurette. Daughter of Dame Perro-
quet iu PLANCHE and DANCE'S ' Blue Beard '
iq.v.).
Fleurette. (1) An operetta, composed
by Augustus L. Tamplin, tirst performed at
the Gaiety Theatre, London, March 1, 1873,
with a cast including Miss C. Loseby, Miss
A. Cook, F. Sullivan, and F. Wood. (2) A
play by Mrs. C. A. Doremus, E. SmitH; and
E. Stkinek, performed in U.S.A.
Flexmore, Richard [R. F. Geater].
Pantomimist, born in London, 1824, .died
1860 ; son of R. F. O eater, a comic
dancer ; liegan his career in 1832 at the
Victoria Theatre, and speedily developed
talent as a grotesque dancer. In 1844 he
figured as clown at the Grecian, and for the
Jiext sixteen years he was in great request
at London theatres — notably the Olympic
(1845), the Princess's (184(5), the Adelphi
(185:i), Covent Garden (185G), Drury Lane
<1857), and the Surrey (1859). "He was
especially noted for his close and natural
imitation of the leading dancers of the day "
(G. C. Boase). Kdwanl Stirling describes
him as "a fellow of infinite jest," "agile,
humorous, and quick at invention," "the
life and soul of fun and frolic" (' Old Drury
Lane,' 1881). See the ' Life and Reminis-
cences ' of E. L. Blauchard, who Avrote
numerous comic songs for Flexmore.
Flibbei'tigibbet. A dwarf in Halli-
iDAY's 'Amy Robsart' (q.v.).
Flibustier (Le). A comedy by Jean
RlCiiKiMN, performed by members of the
Comedie Fran(,*aise at Drury Lane in June,
1893. See GuANDSlRE, The.
Flickster, in Mayuew and Edwards'
* Goose with the Golden Eggs ' {q.v.).
"riies (The)." Galleries over the
stage, from which the " cloths " and
*' borders " are worked.
Plies in the "Web. A comedy in three
acts, by John Brougham (q.v.), first per-
formed at the Theatre Royal, Manchester,
with a cast incluiling the author, Henry
Irving, Mrs. Calvert, and Mrs. Raymond.
Fligrht. A play in four acts, by Walter
Frith, tirst performed at Terry's Theatre,
London, February 16, 1893, with Edward
Terry, Murray Carson, and ISliss May Whitty
in the cast.
Flig-ht to America (The). A play
in three acts, by W. L. Rede, performed
at tae Adelphi Theatre in December, 1S38,
with Rice as Jha Crow, and other parts by
Reeve, Yates, Buckstone, and Mrs. Stirling
(Sarah Snoiv).
Flig-hty. A character in the ' Married
Rake ' (q.v.).
Plimnap, Lord, in Garrick'S 'Lilli-
pufc'C^.i;.).
Flimsy. A character in Watts Phil-
lips's 'Paper Wings ' (q.v.).
Flint. (1) A miser in Foote's ' :Maid of
Bath' (q.v.). (2) A jailer in T. Dibdin's
'Deserter' (q.v.). (3) A pawnbroker in
Lamb's ' Pawnbroker's Daughter' (q.v.). (4)
,S't/- (Jlemeat Flint, in BURGOYNE's ' Heires.s '
(q.v.), is the uncle of Lord Gayvillc (q.v.).
(5) Lord Flint is the Minister of State in
Mrs. Inchbald's ' Such Things Are ' (q.v.).
Flint and Steele. A " farcical ab-
surdity ' by J. F. M'Akdle, first performed
at Sheffield in May, 1881.
Flip. A ' ' sea-brute " in Charles Shad-
well's ' Fair Quaker of Deal ' (q.v.).
Flip, Flap, Flop. A farce adapted by
Paul Mekitt (qv.) from the French, first
I)erfurmed at Norwich, November 10, 1879,
and produced at the Surrey Theatre, Lon-
don, September 9, 1882.
Flippant, Lady. An affected widow,
sister of Gripe, " in distress for a husband,
though still declaiming against marriage,"
in \V ycherley's ' Love in a Wood ' (q.v.).
Flippanta. A lady's-maid in Van-
BRUGU's ' Confederacy ' (q.v.).
Flipper, in W. Brough's ' Number 1,
Round the Corner ' (q.v.).
Flirt (The). A play by Gill and Mel-
bourne, performed in U.S.A. in 1888.
Flirt, Mrs. A woman of the town, in
Wycherley's ' Gentleman Dancing Master'
(q.v.).
Flirtation. (1) A farce by Frank
Harvey, produced at Edinburgh on August
11, 1873. (2) A comedy in three acts, by
G. SoMERs Bellamy and Frederick
ROMER, tirst performed at the Globe The-
atre, London, on July 14, 1877, with E.
Righton SiS Major Shoreb-hot, and Miss Lydia
Foote, Miss Emma Ritta, F. H. Macklin,
E. Leathes, and H. H. Vincent in other
parts.— ' Flirting :' a musical comedy, pro-
duced at Ramsgate, July 14, 1884. See
Observation and Flirtation.
Flitch of Bacon (The). (1) A comic
opera in two acts, written by the Rev.
Henry Bate Dudley, and first performed
at the Haymarket in August, 1778. (2) An
"iXpropos sketch," produced at the Strand
Theatre, London, iu July, 1855.
Floating- Beacon (The). A drama in
two acts, by E. FiTZBALL(g.v.), produced at
the Surrey Theatre on April 19, 1824, with
H. Kemble and INIrs. W. Clifford in the
cast.
FLOATING ISLAND
TLORIDA
Floating- Island (The). A tragi-
comedy by Dr. Philip Strodk, performed
(with music by Henry Lawes) before the
king and queen at Oxford on August 2i),
1636, by the students of Christ Church ;
published in 1655.
Flockton, C. P. Actor ; made his
London ddbut in December, 1868, at the St.
James's Theatre as Uoldsivorth in ' Glitter'
(g.v.). He was afterwards in the original
cast of 'The Pretty Druidess ' (]869), ' Very
Little Faust ' and ' Abon Hassan ' (1869), ' Tlii
Gentleman in Black ' (1870), ' Partners for
Life ' (1871), ' Forgiven ' (1872), ' Proof Posi-
tive ' (1875), ' Jealousy ' (1878), ' Anne-Mic '
(1880), 'A New Trial' (1880), etc. In re-
vivals he was seen as Michonnct in ' The
Reigning Favourite' (1876), the King in
'Lady Clancarty' (1876), Lord Tinsel in
'The Hunchback' (1879), and so forth. Of
late years he has been acting in America, in
such parts as Lambert Slreyke in ' The
Colonel' (1882). Dickinson in Buchanan's
' Partners ' (1888), etc. See Charles I.
Floid. An actor employed to represent
women, in Rhodes' company at Lincoln's
Inn Fields.
Flora. (1) Servant to Donna Violante
in Mrs. Centlivre's ' Wonder ' ((/.y.). (2)
Niece to Farmer Freehold in J. P. Kemblk's
'Farm-house' (g.v.). See COUNTRY Wake
and Hob in the Well.
Flora, Lady. See Lady Flora.
Flora's Vagaries. A comedy by
Richard Rhodes, founded partly on a
story by Boccaccio, represented by the
students' of Christ Church in 1663, and per-
formed at the Theatre Royal in October,
1667, with Nell Gwyn in the title part, and
Mohun, Burt, Cartwright, Mrs. Knipp, etc.,
in other characters.
Floramell. Daughter of Lord Clynton
in Smith's ' Hector of Germany ' (g.v.).
Floranthe. A character in Colman's
'Mountaineers' {q.v.).
Florella. Wife of " Abdelazer" in Mrs.
Behn's tragedy so named {q.v.). — Florella,
in MouNTFORT 's ' Greenwich Park,' is in
love with young Reveller.
Florence, William James [real
name, Conlin]. Actor ; born at Albany,
New York, July, 1831, died in Philadelphia,
November, 1891; made his first appear-
ance on the stage at Richmond, Virginia,
in December, 1849, as Tobias in 'The
Stranger.' In 3Ia_y, 1850, he went to Niblo's,
New York, and in 1852 to the Broadway
and Wrangham's Lyceum. In January, 1853,
he married Malvina Pray, an actress ; they
appeared at the National Theatre, New
York, in June, 1853, and from that time
onward the pair "starred " together. " The
Irish drama served his purpose for many
years, but he varied that form of art by
occasional resort to burlesque and by incur-
sions into the realm of melodrama "(Winter).
The pair made their London dSbut on April
28, 1856, at Drury Lane, in 'The Yankee
Housekeeper,' Florence in an Irish part,
Mrs. Florence as "a Yankee gal," in v.'luch
character she sang her husband's ' Bobbing
Around.' Their success was immediate and
lasting, and a provincial tour followed.
In 1861 Florence played Toodle and Cittfle
at Wallack's, New York. In 1863, at the
Winter Garden, he enacted Bob Brierly ;
and in 1867, at the Broadway, Georye
D'Alroy in ' Caste,' being the first repre-
sentative of these roles in the States,
Obenreizer in 'No Thoroughfare' followed
in 1868. To 1876 belongs his " creation" of
the Hon. Bardioell Slote in Woolff's ' Mighty
Dollar,' a performance which he introduced
to London (at the Gaiety) in August, 1880,
Mrs. Florence appearing as Mrs. Gen'l
Giljlory. In the following November
Florence was seen at the same theatre as
Captain Cuttle. Among his roles in comedy
were Sir Lucius O'Triyger, Zelciel Homespun
(in ' The Heir - at -^Law '), 0' Bryan (in
Brougham's ' Temptations ; or the Irish Emi-
grant'), Handy Andy, etc. In burlesque he
played such parts as Eily O'Connor (to his
wife's Danny Mann)\n 'The Colleen Bawn,"
Francis I. in 'The Field of the Cloth of
Gold,' and Bex>po in ' Fra Diavolo.' Among
the plays written by him were ' The Drunk-
ard's Doom,' *Eva,'. 'The Irish Princess,'
' O'Neill the Great,' ' The Sicilian Bride,'
and 'Woman's Wrongs.' "The power of
Florence," says W. Winter, " was that of
impersonation. He was imaginative and
sympathetic ; his style was flexible, and
he had an unerring instinct of effect "
(' Shadows of the Stage '). See ' Actors and
Actresses of Great Britain and the United
States ' (1886).
Florentine "Wooing- (A). A comedy
in four acts, by Miss CLO Grav'es, per-
formed (" for copyright purposes") at the
Avenue Theatre, London, July 6, 1898.
Florentines (The). A play produced
at Sadler's Wells Theatre on June 2, 1845,
with a cast including Phelps, H. Marston,
Miss Cooper, and Mrs. Warner. In this
piece the Duke of Florence seduces the
heroine, who is forced by the Duchess to
take poison.
Floreski, Count. A Pole in J. P.
Kemble's 'Lodoiska' (q.v.).
Floretta. A character in Dibdin's
'Cabinet' (q.v.).
Florette. A play by C. E. Callahan,
performed in U.S.A.
Florian. (I) The " Foundling of the Fo-
rest " in DiMOND's play so named (q.v.). (2)
The Prince in Gilbert's 'Broken Hearts'
(qv.). (3) A young nobleman in Gilbert's
'Princess' (g.v.)and 'Princess Ida' (q.v.).
Florid. The name of characters in ' My
Uncle' (q.v.), VV. Marston's 'Borough
Politics' (q.v.), and Palgrave Simpson's
' Appearances ' (q.v.).
Florida. A courtesan in Middleton's
'^Y itch' (q.v.).
Florida. A comic opera, libretto by
I
FLORIEN
527
FLUTTER
Nick Bachelor; printed in New York,
1892.—' Florida Enchantment : ' a dramatiza-
tion by A. C. Gu.NXER of his novel so named ;
Park Theatre, Boston, Mass., April, 1S96,
Hoyt's Theatre, New York, October, 1896.
Florien. A tragedy in five acts, by
Herman C. Merivale (q.v.), printed in
1884.
Florimel. A play by Sydney Rose.n-
FELD, performed in U.S.A.
Plorimel. (1) The ' Maid in the ]Mill '
in Beaumont and Fletcher's comedy so
named (q.v.). (2) A servant to Beauinelle.
in Massinger's 'Fatal Dowry' (q.v.). (3)
A maid of honour in Dryden's ' Secret Love '
(q.v.).
Ploriraine. A pastoral, "presented by
the Queen's commandment before the King
at Whitehall," and printed in 1G35.
Florinda. Daughter of Alvarez in
Shiel's ' Apostate' (q.v.). See Pescara.
Florio. (1) Brother to Sciarrha in
Shirley'.s ' Traitor ' (q. c). (2) A character
in 'The Dog of Montargis' (q.v.). — There is
a Count Florio in Knowles's ' Wife' (q.v.),
and a Don Florio in Geni!:e's ' Naval Cadets '
(q.v.).
FlorizeL (1) Son of the Tling of Bohemia
in 'The Winter's Tale' (q.v.), and in W.
liRoroH'S burlesque, 'Perdita' (q.v.). (2)
The Prince in PLANCHii's ' King of the Pea-
cocks' (q.v.).
Florizel and Perdita. See Winter's
Tale.
Florodora. A two-act musical comedy,
plot and dialogue by " OWEN Hall," music
by Leslie Stuart, first pei'formed at the Lyric
Theatre, London, November 11, 1S!)9, A\-ith
Miss Evie Greene as Dolores, Miss K.
Cutler as Angela, Miss Ada Reeve as Lady
Holyrood, W. Edouin as Anthony Tiveedle-
punch, C. E. Stevens as Cyrus Gilfain,
Edgar Stevens as Captain Donegal, and
Melville Stewart as Lord Abercoed; first
produced in America at the Hyperion The-
atre, New Haven, Ct. , November 9, 1900 ; first
performed in New York, at the Casino,
November 12, 1900; performed in the Eng-
lish provinces and London suburbs, mth
Miss Amy Angaide as Dolores, Miss Adri-
enne Augarde as Angela, Miss Nellie Murray
as Lady Holyrood, Edward Lewis as Tiveedle-
■puncli, and Leonard Russell as Abercoed.
Flounce, Mrs. A woman of the town
In Wycherley's ' Gentleman Dancing
Master' (q.v.).
Flourish.. The name of two characters,
fatlier and son, in Holman's ' Abroad and
at Home' (q.v.).
Flower, Francis. See Misfortunes
OF Arthur.
Flower Girl (The); or, The Convict
Marquis. A play by Thompson Towns-
end, first performed at the Surrey The-
atre, Loudon, about 1S5S ; revived at the
City of London Theatre in July, 1865, with
W. Creswick as Cranon.—' The Flower
Girl : ' a comic opera in one act, bv J,
Parry-Cole, Bijou Theatre, Bayswater,
June 20, 1901.
Flower Makers and Heart
Breakers: a Tale of Trials and
Temptations. A drama in three acts,
by C. H. Hazlewood, Grecian Theatre,
London, October 7, 1S69.
Flower of the Flock (The). A
comedy in three acts, by Mark Melford,
first performed at Grimsby, April 6, 1883.
Flowerdale, Sir John. Father of
Clarissa in Bickerstaff's 'Lionel and
Clarissa' ((/. I'.). There is a Jf/-*'. Flowerdale
in OxENFORD's ' Doubtful Victory' (q.v.).
Flowers grrew Fairer then (The).
A play in one act. by Sutton Vane, Berkeley
Lyceum, New York, February 15, 1894.
Flowers of the Forest (The). A plav
by J. B. BucKSTONE (7.1-.), first performed
at the Adelphi Theatre, London, on :March
11, 1847, with Mdme. Celeste as Cynthia
(a gipsy girl), Mrs. Fitzwilliam as Starlight
Bess, Miss Woolgar as Lemuel (a gipsy boy),
O. Smith as Ishrnael (father of Cynthia),
Wright as Cheap John (an itinerant hawker),
and Paul Bedford as the Kinchin (a thief) ;
produced at New York in 1847, with Miss
F. Wallack as Cynthia and Mrs. Winstanley
as Starlight Bess; revived at the Maryle-
bone Theatre in 1871, and at the Britannia
in 1894.
Floyd, Aurora. See Aurora Floyd.
Fltiellen, the Welshman, in Shake-
SPEAKES 'Henry V.,' is, in Hazlitt's view,
" the most entertaining character in tlie
piece. He is good-natured, brave, choleric,
and pedantic. His parallel between Alex-
aniler and Harry of 3Ionmouth, and his
desire to have ' some disputations ' with
Captain Macinorris on the discipline of the
Roman wars, in the heat of the battle, are
never to be forgotten."
Fluff; or, A Clean Sweep. A " wil-
ful absurtlity" in three acts, by J. F.
M'Ardle, first performed at Leicester,
August 1, 1S81.
Fluke, Jeremiah, in B. Webster
jun.'s ' Behind Time ' (q.v.).
Fluker, in H. J. Byron's 'Hundred
Thousand Pounds ' (q.v.).
Flurry, in Reynolds and Andre\vs'
' Better Late than Never ' (q.v.).
Flute. The bellows-mender in ' A Mid-
summer Night's Dream' (g.v.)-
Flutter, in Mrs. Cowley's 'Belle's
Stratagem' (q.v.), is "a good-natured, in-
significant creature," given to blundering-
tittle-tattle. (2 and 3) There are cha-
racters of the same name in H. Wigan's
' Taming a Truant ' (q.v.) and J. S. Coy'NE's
' All for Love ' (q-v.). (4) Sir Fopling Flutter
is the "Man of Mode" in Etherege's
FLY AND THE WEB
FOILED
comedy so named (q.v.). Dean Lockier de-
scribed the character as an exact portrait
of the author. (5) Sir Henry and Lady
Flutter figure in Mrs. Sheridan's 'Dis-
covery ' (q-v.).
Ply and the Web (The). A comedietta
in two acts, by A. C Troughton (q.v.), .sug-
gested bv Scribe's 'Le Gardien,' and tirst
performed at the Strand Theatre, London,
in February, 1S66.
"Fly, fly, you happy shepherds,
fly ! " First line of a song in Vanbrugh's
* Provoked Wife' (g.r.)—
" Avoid Philira's charms . . .
Nature, who formed her eyes of fire,
Of ice composed her breast."
Flying- Colours. See Cupid in Camp.
Flying- Dutchman (The). This
famous legend has been made the subject,
in England, of the following dramatic
pieces :—(l) 'The Flying Dutchman:' a
drama in three acts, by E. Fitzball, per-
formed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, in
June, 1S25, with T. P. Cooke as Vamler-
deeken, J. Reeve as Von Bummel, Wrench as
Toby Varnish, Terry as Captain Peppercoal ;
afterwards revived with " O." Smith as
Vanderdecken, Yates as Toby Varnish, and
Mrs. Fitzwilliam as Lestellc ; revived at
the Adelphi Theatre in .June, 1856, with
Mdme. Celeste as Vanderdecken, Wright as
Von Bummel, Webster as Toby, Selby as
Peppercoal, Miss Kate Kelly as Lucy, and
Miss Mary Keeley as Lestelle ; produced
in New York in 18-27. [It was this drama
which, witnessed in London by Heinrich
Heine, suggested to that writer the idea
of Vanderdecken being saved by a woman's
love— the idea on which Wagner founded
his music-drama.] (2) 'The Flying Dutch-
man : ' a pantomime by G. Conquest
and H. Sprv, Grecian Theatre, London,
December 24, 1868. (3) ' The Flying Dutch-
man ; or, The Demon Seaman and the
Xass that Loved a Sailor : ' a burlesque by
William Brough {q.v.). Royalty Theatre,
London, December 2, 1S69, with'F. Dewar
as Vanderdecken, Miss M. Oliver as Jenny
Wren (the "lass "), and other characters by
Miss Kate Bishop, Miss Charlotte Saunders,
E. Danvers, etc. (4) ' The Flying Dutch-
man:' Wagner's opera in three acts, first
performed with an English libretto (by
John P. Jackson), at the Lyceum Theatre,
London, in October, 1876, with C. Santley
as Vanderdecken, F. C. Packard as Eric,
J. W. Turner as the Steersman, 3Iiss Lucy
Franklein as Mary, and INIdlle. Torriani as
Senta ; revived at Her Majesty's Theatre in
February, 18S2, with ]Mdme! Valleria as
Senta, W. Ludwig as Vanderdecken, and F.
Packard as JErik. (5) ' Vanderdecken '
iq.v.}, bv W. G. Wills and Percy Fitz-
gerald, June, 1878. (6) ' The Flying Dutch-
taan : ' a burlesque by R, Reece, tirst per-
formed at the Prince of Wales's Theatre,
Liverpool, in 1883. (7) ' The Flying Dutch-
man : ' a play by Charles Harbury, per-
formed in U.S.A. See Lying Dutch jian,
The.
Flying from Justice. A melodrama
in tivG acts, by Mark Melford, tirst per-
formed at Southampton, May 26, 1890 ; pro-
duced (in four acts) at Sadler's Wells, June
15, 1891.
Flying Scud (The); or, A Four-
legged Fortune. A play by Dion
BouciCAULT (q.v.), first produced at the
Holborn Theatre, London, on October 6,
1866, with G. Blake as Tom Meredith, G.
Neville as Captain Goodge, E. Garden as
Colonel Mulligan, G. Belmore as Nat Gos-
ling, J. Vollaire as Mo Davis, Westland as
Chouser, Miss C. Saunders as Bob Buckskin,
Miss F. Josephs as Lord Woodbie, Mi.S3 M.
Fawsitt as Ned Campo, Miss J. Fiddes as
Julia Latimer, and Miss B. Foote as Katie
Rideout. Miss Ada Rehan has appeared in
America as Julia Latimer. G. A. Sala
suggests that Boucicault was indebted to
Ang-^us B. Reach's • Clement Lorimer ; or.
The Book with the Iron Clasps.'
F. M. Julius Cnaesar ; or, The
Irregular E,um.'un. An "operatic
burlo-drama" in three acts, by F. C. BuH-
NAND, first performed at the Royalty The-
atre, London, September 7, 1870, with Miss
Henrietta Hodson as Calpurma, Miss R.
Sanger as Brutus, Fred Sullivan as Tram-
bonius, Alfred Bishop as Smith (a British
beadle), A. Wood as Bibulus, C. P. Flockton
as Cassius, and Oliver Summers in the title
part. This piece is not a burlesque of
Shakespeare's tragedy, but an extravaganza
with a plot of its own, based on the bare
fact of Caesar's invasion of Britain, and
setting forth the love affairs of Cnoisar and
Calpurnia (also beloved by Brutus).
Foggerty's Fairy. A fairy comedy
in three acts, by W. S. Gilbert {q.v.), first
performed at the Criterion Theatre, Lon-
don, on December 15, 1681, with C. Wynd-
ham as Frederick Foggerty, Miss Rose Saker
as the Fairy Rebecca, and other characters
by G. Giddens, W. Blakeley, A. Maltby, H.
H. Astley, A. W. Denison, Miss M. Rorke,
Miss K. Rorke, Miss M. Daly, Mrs. Alfred
IMellon, and Mrs. John Wood. " The idea
is that of a man, who, by supernatural aid,
overcomes the irrevocableness of the past.
To avoid unpleasant consequences, he ' ob-
literates ' a part of his past life. But in the
process another set of events is substituted
for those which actually occurred. He finds
himself hampered as much as ever by the
consequences .of this new past, and from
these difficulties the action is evolved."
Foggy Day (A). A comedietta in one
act, bv M. R. MoRAND, Theatre Royal, Bel-
fast, July 23, 1900.
Foi"ble. Woman to Lady Wishfort in
CONGREVE'S 'Way of the World' (g^. v.).
Foigard. A French priest in Farqu-
har's ' Beaux' Stratagem' {q.v.).
Foiled. (1) A drama in four acts, by
O. W. Cornish, performed at Birmingham,
Conn., January 25, 1871. (2) A comedy-
drama in three acts, by H. Vf. Williamson,
FOIST
FONTAINBLEAU
first performed in Ireland ; produced at
Portsmouth, IMay 4, 1S82. (3) A drama in
tliree acts, by W. Buckland, St. George's
Hall, London, October 25, 1890. (4) A
"dramatic episode" by J. R. Alberton,
Globe Theatre, London, October 10, 1891.—
' Foiled by Fate : ' a drama in four acts, by
John Darlison, West London Theatre,
October 22, 1900.
Foist. A lawyer in ' The Apparition '
(q.v.).
Foix, Gaston de, figures in Bouci-
CALLT's ' Woman ' (q.v.).
Folatre, Count, in O'Hara's 'April
Day' (q.v.), is in love Avith and eventually
marries Cephisa.
FollDacli. The Governor in 'Falka'
(q.v.).
FoUe-Farine. A drama adapted by
W. AvONDALE from Ouida's novel so named,
and first performed at Bishop Auckland,
March 10, 1884 ; produced at Sadler's Wells,
October 18, 1884, with Miss Marie Forde in
the title part.
Follies of a Day (The) ; or, The
Marriage of Fig-aro. A comedy adapted
by Thomas Uolcroft (q.v.) from Beau-
marchais' ' Mariage de Figaro,' and first
))erformed at Covent (iarden on December
14, 1784, with the author as Figaro, Lewis
as Count Almavioa, Mr.s. Bates as the
Countess, Miss Young as Susa7i (her maid),
Mrs. Webb as Marcellina, and other parts
by Edwin, Quick, AVewitzer, Mrs. Martyn,
and Miss Wewitzer. On the second anil
subsequent nights, Figaro was represented
by Bonner, for whom it had been designed.
•' This comedy is a sequel to the ' Spanish
Barber' [q.v.\ It begins on the day in
which Figaro and Susan are to be married.
The Count's love for the Countess had abated.
He wants to seduce Susan. Marcelina sues
Figaro for a marriage contract. Figaro
turns out to be the son of Dr. Bartholo and
Marcelina. At the conclusion he marries
Szcsan" (Genest). Not being able to obtain
a copy of Beaumarchais' play, Holcroft at-
tended several performances of it in Paris,
and, with the help of a friend, " memorized "
it, producing the adaptation within a
month. See his ' Memoirs ' (1810). Re-
duced to three acts, ' The Follies of a Day '
was revived at Di'ury Lane in 1789 ; " it then
became an excellent afterpiece."
Follies of a Nig-h.t (The). A comedy
in two acts, by J. R. PlanchE, adapted (ac-
cording to one authority) from " Chariot,"
and first performed at Drury Lane on Oc-
tober 5, 1842, with C. J. Mathews as Pierre
Paillot, H. Compton as Dr. Druggendraft,
Hudson as the Duke de Chartres, INIiss
Turpin as Mdlle. Duval, and Mdme. Vestris
as the Duchess de Chartres. Planche's
adaptation was made the basis of a piece
by H. J. Byron and H. B. Farnie called
'Frolique' (q.v.), produced at the Strand
in November, 1882. Fitted with lyrics by
George Mudie and music by Michael
Dwyer, it was performed at West Norwood
in May and at the Parkhurst Theatre, Lon-
don, in June, 1892, under the title of ' The
Duke's Diversion,' and with INIiss Leonora
Braham in the principal female part. Re-
constructed by Scott Marble, ' The Follies
of a Night' has been played in America
under the title of * The Masquerade.'
Follies of Fashion (The). A comedy
in five acts, by the Earl of Glengall,
Drury Lane, November 29, 1829, with a cast
including Wallack as Lord S2)lashton, Jones
as Sir Harry Lureall, Miss Mordaunt as
Jjady Splashton, Miss Faucit as Lady Mary
Fretful, Mrs. Glover as Mrs. Counter, anil
Mrs. Orger as Jenny Trinket.
Follies of the Day (The) ; or, Fast
Dife. A drama in four acts, by H. P.
Grattan and Joseph Eldred, first per-
formed at Bristol, October 16, 1882 ; pro-
duced at the Pavilion Theatre, London,
July 9, 1883,
FoUine. A comedy in four acts, adapted
by AUGUSTIN Daly from Sardou's ' Maison
Neuve,' and first performed at the First
Avenue Theatre, New York, January 27,
1874, Avith Miss Ada Dyas in the title part,
and other roles by D. H. Harkins, C.
Fisher, Louis James, J. Lewis, W. Davidge,
G. Parkes, Miss F. Davenport, Miss S.
Jewett, and Mrs. G. H. Gilbert.
Follow the Leader. A comedietta by
C. M. Rae ((/.''.), first performed at the
Charing Cross Theatre, London, on AprU 12;
1873.
Folly as it Flies. A comedy in five acts»
by Frederick Reynolds, first performed
at Covent Garden in October, 1801, witli
Lewis as Tom Tick, Munden as Peter Post-
obit, Simmons as Dr. Infallible, and other
parts bv Murrav, INIiss Murray, II. Johnston,
Whitfield, and Mrs. Gibbs. The folly is that
of Lady Melmoth, whose extravagance has
ruined her husband, and leads to other evils,
all happily overcome at the end.
Folly figures in H. J. Byron's ' George
de Barnwell' (q.v.).
Fond Husband (The); or, The
Plotting- Sister. A comedy by Thomas
D'Urfey (q.v.), performed at Dorset Garden
in 1676, with Nokes as Bubble, Leigh as
Fumble, Smith as Rashley, Harris as Ranger,
Sandford as Sir Roger Petulant, Jevon as
Sneak (his nephew), Mrs. Barry as Emilia
(Bubble's wife), Mrs. Marshall as Maria (his
sister), etc. Bubble is " the fond husband,"
to whom Emilia is unfaithful (Avith Rashley).
Maria, who is in love with Rashley, plots
with Ranger against Emilia.
Fondle-wife. An uxorious banker in
CONGREVE's ' Old Bachelor' (q.v.).
Fondlove, Sir William. An old
baronet in Knowles'S ' Love-Chase' (7.?;.),
who prides himself upon his youthful vigour,
and marries a widow of forty.
Fontainbleau ; or, Our Way in
France. A comic opera by John O'Keefe,
2M
FONTAINVILLE FOREST
FOOL'S PREFERMENT
performed at Covent Garden in November,
1784, with Lewis as Lackland, Quick as
Lapoche (a tailor), Edwin as Sir Shenkin ap
Grijjin, Wewitzer as Colonel Eimulette, etc.
The piece satirized the then fashionable
fondness for residing or travelling in
France.
Fontainville Forest. A play in five
acts, founded by James Boadex on Mrs. Rad-
cliffe's novel, '' The Romance of a Forest,'
and performed at Covent Garden in 1794,
with Farren as tlie Marquis of Montault,
Pope as Lamotte, Mrs. Pope as Adeline, etc.
Fontang-es, Marie de. The heroine
of Tom Taylor'.s 'Plot and Passion' i,q.v.).
Fontenelle. A play by Harrison
Grey Fiske and Minnie Maddern Fiske,
performed in L'.S.A.
Fontenoy. A play by H. G. Donnelly,
jjerformed in 17. S. A.
Fool and His Money (A). A comedy
in three acts, by H. J. Byron, first per-
formed at the Globe Theatre, London, on
January 17, 1S7S, with J. L. Toole as Chajle.--,
E. Rigliton as Brabason Vandcleiir, W. Her-
bert as Percival liansome, H. Westland as
Milligan, Miss E. Meyrick as Kate Vandelcur,
and Miss E. Johnstone as Mary Draper.
Fool (The). A farce by Captain Top-
ham, first performed at Drury Lane in
February, 17S5.
Fool (The), in"' King Lear,' is, in Pro-
fessor Brandes' opinion, " the best of Shake-
speare's Fools, mordantly witty, marvellously
ingenious. He is the protest of sound
common-sense against tlie foolishness of
which Lear has been guilty, but a protest
that is pure humour ; he never complains,
least of all on his own account. Yet all his
foolery produces a tragic effect. And the
words spoken by one of the knights, ' Since
my young lady's going into France, sir, the
fool' hath much pined away,' atone for all
his sharp speeches to Lear. Amongst Shake-
speare's other master-strokes in "this play
must be reckoned that of exalting the tra'-
ditional clown, the buffoon, into so high a
sphere that he becomes a tragic element of
the first order. In no other play of Shake-
speare's has the Fool so many proverbial
words of wisdom." See Clowns, and
Shakespeare's Fools.
Fool of Fortune (A). A play by
Martha ^Morton, first performed at Louis-
ville, Kentucky, November 14, 1S96, with
^Villiam H. Crane in the chief part ; first
produced in New York at the Fifth Avenue
Theatre, December 1, 1896.
Fool of the Family (The). A comedy
in three acts, by Fergus Hume, first per-
formed at the Duke of York's Theatre, Lon-
don, January 30, 1896, with a cast including
C. Cartwright, H. B. Irving, R. Pateman,
:Miss Gertrude Kingston, and Miss Lena
Ashwell.
Fool turn'dCritick (The). A comedy
by T. D'Urfe\ (q.v), acted at the Theatre
Royal in 1678. Triin is the Fool turned
Critic. " D'Urfey wrote this part as a satire
on playhouse critics and pretended town
wits " (Genest). Among the other cha-
racters are Old Winelove and Small Wit.
Fool would "be a Favourite (The);
or, The Discreet Lover. A tragi-
comedy by LuDOwiCK Carlell, printed in
16.57. The Fool is one Gudgen, a yeoman's
son ; the Discreet Lover is one Philanthm,
enamoured of Aurelia, who, after pretend-
ing to slight him, marries him.
Fool's Errand (A). A play by Leo
Dietrichstein, first performed at the
Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York, June 6,
1395.
Fool's Mate. A play in one act, by
F. W. Broughton, first performed at Toole's
Theatre, London, December 12, 1S89 ; re-
vived at the Avenue Theatre, February 1,
1S90.
Fool's Opera (The); or, The Taste
of the Ag-e. By ".Matthew Medley"
(possibly Antony Aston), printed in 1731.
Fool's Paradise. A comedy by Pall
Merit and Alfred Maltby, first per-
formed at West Hartlepool, January 20,
1879, with a cast including Miss fSusan
Rignold, Miss Georgina Robertson, Mark
Moss Mellor, C. Cooper, etc.— 'A Fool's
Paradise : ' a play in three acts, by Sydney
Grundy, first performed on October 7,
1S87, at Greenwich, under the title of
' The Mousetrap,' with E. Gurney as Lord
Normantower, J. Beauchamp as Sir Peter
Lund, Sidney Hayes as Philip Selwyn, R.
Courtneidge as Tom Verinder, Miss Helen
Forsyth as Kate Derwent, Miss Annie Irish
as Beatrice Sehvyn, and Miss Clara Jecks
as Mildred Selwyn, and first performed in
America, under the same title, at Wallack's
Theatre, New York, on October 11, 1SS7,
with Osmond Tearle as Normantower,
Charles Groves as Sir Peter, E. D. Ward as
Philip, Sam Sothern as Verinder, Miss
Coghlan as Kate, Miss Gerard as Beatrice,
and Miss Enid Leslie as Mildred. As 'A
Fool's Paradise,' the play was produced at
the Gaiety Theatre, London, on the after-
noon of February 12, 1889, with E W.
Gardiner as Normantower, T. N. Wenman
as Sir Peter, H. B. Conway as Philip, R.
Saunders as Verinder, :Miss'Kate Rorke as
Kate, Miss Gertrude Kingston as Beatrice,
and Miss Mary Collette as Mildred ; revived
at the GaiTick Theatre on January 2, 1892,
with F. Kerr as Normantower, J. Hare as
Sir Peter, H. B. Irving as Philij), Gilbert
Hare as Verinder, Miss Olga Nethersole as
Beatrice, Miss Beatrice Ferrar as Mildred,
and Miss K. Rorke as Kate; produced in
America at the Tremont Theatre, Boston,
May 16, 1S92, and at the Star Theatre, Nev/
York, December 12, 1S92 ; revived in the
London suburbs and the English provinces
in the spring of 1901, with Miss Kate Rorke
as Beatrice Selwyn.
Fool's Preferment (A). See Noble
Gentleman, The.
I
FOOL'S REVENGE
FOOTE
Fool's Revengre (The). A play in
three acts, by TOM Taylor {q.v.), suggested
by Victor Hugo's ' Le Roi s'ainuse,' and tirst
performed at Sadler's Wells on October 18,
1S5'.), with S. Phelps as Bertvccio (the fool).
Miss C. Heath as Fiordelisa (his daughter),
H. Marston as Galeotto Manfredi (Lord of
I'aenza), W. Belford as Baldassare Turelli
(a noble), C. Seyton as Bernardo Ascolti, V.
Robinson as Serafino Dell' Aquila (a poet
and improvisatore), Mrs. H. Marston as
BrUjitta {Bertiiccio's servant), Miss Atkinson
as Francesca.Bentivofilio (wife of Manfredi),
i\.w\ other parts by ]\Iiss C. Parkes, Miss C.
Hill, T. C. Harris, etc. " Mr. Tom Taylor,"
wrote Henry .Morley, " has transformed the
nightmare story into a wholesome English-
natured plot. The character of the jester
is entirely altered." The drama is, in fact,
" an original play, well designed and written
Avith all care." The piece was first per-
formed in America in 1S60, with Edwin Booth
iiH Bertuccio ; making its tirst appearance in
New York at Niblo's Gardens in March, 1864,
with Booth as before and :Miss Rose Eytinge
ns Fiordelisa. It was revived at the Queen's
Theatre, London, in December, 1809, with
Wybert Rousby as Bertuccio, Mrs. Rousby
as Fiordelisa, G. Rignold as Manfredi, Miss
G. Pauncefort as Francesca, Mrs. H. Van-
denhoff as Brigitta, and W. Belford and C.
Seyton in tlieir original parts ; at the Prin-
cess's Theatre on December 27, 1880, with
Edwin Booth as Bertuccio, Miss Gerard as
Fiordelisa, Mrs. Hermann Vezin as Fran-
cesca, W. Redmnnd as Manfredi, J. Beau-
champ as Malatcsta, F. Charles as Torelli,
C W. Garthorne as Ascolti, C. Cartwright
as Dell' Aquila, etc. The rOle of Bertuccio
was written, in the first place, for F. Robson
{q.v.). See the Theatre magazine for Decem-
ber, 1878.
Toole, Sir Amorous la, in Ben
Jo.NSON's ' J^picene ' {q.v.).
Pools, Shakespeare's. "The Fool
of the Elizabethan drama," says A. W.
Ward, " was the last representative of that
figure of mere negation, the Vice of the
moralities. The Fool had not necessarily
any more real connexion with the plot of
a play than his namesake at Court or in
a nobleman's house had with the State or
family counsels, which he had the privilege
of subjecting to his perennial flow of criti-
cism. Yet witli how wonderful a skill is a
place found for this hybrid element, half
in and half out of the action in a wide
variety of Shakspere's plays ! In ' King
Lear' the Fool takes an integral part in
the action, naturally representing the last
remnant of the following of the ill-used
King. In ' As You Like It,' ' Twelfth
Night,' etc., we again have the Fools
proper, fulfilling their function, which, ac-
cording to Coleridge's expression, in some
measure is that of the ancient Chorus, l)ut
\ wliich may be more directly defined as that
i of ironical commentators on the regular
' actors of the comedy of human life. But
not one of Shakspere's Fools — and hardly
one of his Clowns— fails to reveal some-
thing at least of a human individuality of
his own " (' English Dramatic Literature ').
"Pools had ne'er less grace in a
year." First line of the fool's song in act
i. sc. 4 of ' King Lear.'
' ' Fools, they are the only nation."
First line of a song in JoNSON's ' Volpone '
{q.v.)-
" Your fool is your great man's darling,
And your ladies' sport and pleasure."
This song seems to have suggested the fool's
ditty in Shirley's ' Bird in a Cage.'
Football King- (The). A drama in
four acts, by George Gray, Elephant and
Castle Theatre, London, July 13, 1896.
Foote, John S. Actor and theatrical
manager, died 1862 ; some time lessee of
tlie Rochdale Theatre.
Foote, Lydia Alice [real name, Legge].
Actress ; born 1S44 (?), died May, 1892 ; niece
of Mrs. Keeley ; made her professional debut
as a child at the Lyceum, London, on April
1, 18.^2, as Fdouard in ' A Chain of Events.'
In 1863 she appeared at the Victoria as
Bichard in ' The Vendetta,' and at the
Olympic as May Edwards m ' The Ticket-
of-Leave Man.' Her first original part (as
an adult) appears to have been Fnid in
' The Hidden Hand ' at the Olympic in
1864. At the same theatre she was the
first representative of Miss Uargrave in
'The Settling Day' (1865) and Clara iu
'The Frozen Deep' (1866). She was the
original Clara in 'Hunted Down' at the
Prince's, Manchester, in August, 1866. At
the Prince of Wales's, London, she
" created " Minerva in ' Prometheus ' (1866),
Esther Eccles in ' Caste' (1S67), Mrs. Nettle-
top in 'How She Loves Him' (1867), and
Amanda in 'Play' (1867). She was the
first Mildred and Alice in ' Blow for Blow '
at the Holborn in 1868. At the Globe she
was the original of the heroines of ' Minnie'
and ' Progress ' (1869), and of the title cha-
racter in 'Philomel' (1870). Other parts
of which she was the first performer were
those of the heroine in ' The Odds,' and
Madame D'Ar tig nes in ' Jezebel ' (Holborn,
1870), Ann Sylvester in ' Man and Wife '
(Prince of Wales's, 1873), Smike in Halli-
day's ' Nicholas Nickleby ' (Adelphi, 1875),
Anna in 'The DanischefTs' (St. James's,
1877), Midge in 'Rescued' (Adelphi, 1879),
Kitty in 'The O'Dowd' (Adelphi, 1880),
Ellen in ' Pluck ' (Drury Lane, 1882), Zaydee
in ' Freedom ' (Drury Lane, 1883), Mrs. Rivers
in ' The Opal Ring' (Court Theatre, 1885),
and Mrs. North in ' Dark Days ' (1885').
Various revivals in London between 1865
and ISSO showed her successively as Maria
in ' Twelfth Night,' Mary Thornherry in
' John Bull,' Little Em'ly, Grace Ilarkaway,
Helen in ' The Hunchback,' Amy Rohsart,
and Nelly O'Neill in ' Green Bushes.' In
1865 Henry Morley described her as " Miss
Lydia Foote, known to be apt for serious
and earnest parts, who has sometimes mind
in her voice and speech in her face." See
his ' Journal of a London Playgoer ; ' also
I
FOOTE
FOOTE
D. Cook's 'Xights at the Plav,' Pascoe's
•Dramatic List,' and E. L. JBlanchard's
' Diary.'
Foote, Maria [Countess of Harrington].
Actress ; born at Plymouth (where her
father, Samuel T. Foote, an exarmy officer,
•was the manager of the theatre), June,
1793 ; died December, 1867. The daughter
of an actress, Maria took early to the
boards, her d^but being made at Plymouth
in July, 1810, as Juliet. After some "further
experience, she made her first appearance
in London at Covent Garden in :Mav, 1814,
figuring as Amantkis in 'The Child of
Nature.' "Young, beautiful, intelligent,
refined, yet unsophisticated, she was almost
the creature she represented ; her success
was great" (Oxberry). With Covent Gar-
den she remained associated for the next
ten years. Then came appearances a";
Drury Lane. In 1825 it was written of her :
"Her performances are more remarkable
for talent than genius. She is perhaps
only a second-rate actress, but she possesses
the power of pleasing by a nameless charm,
which it is as easy to feel as it is impossible
to describe. She acts with ease, grace, and
spirit ; she sings pleasingly, dances delight-
fully." _ Her "genteel comedy," continues
the writer, "is peculiar for elegance, but
it wants force and humour ; nor are her
powers at all adapted to the higher walks
of tragedy." In person Miss Foote was
" about the middle size, with most ex-
pressive features ; her hair is light brown ;
her figure is exquisite " (Oxberry). Genest
says: "The fuss which at this 'time [1826]
was made about Miss Foote Avas ridiculous.
She was a very pretty woman and very
pleasing actress, but would never have
travelled about as a Star, if it had not been
for circumstances totally unconnected with
the stage " (' English Stage '). Her Shake-
speare parts included 02)heUa, Desdemona,
Imogen, Rosalind, Beatrice, Miranda, He-
lena ('Midsummer Night's Dream'), and
Lady Percy ('Henry IV.'); other ''stan-
dard " roles essayed by her were Roxalana,
Statira, Letitia Hardy, Violante ('The
Wonder'), Juliana ('the Honevmoon '),
Kate Hardcastle, Lady Teazle, and Maria
Darlington (in which character she was
painted by Clint). She was the original
Isidora in Procter's 'Mirandola' (1821).
As well known in the provinces as in Lon-
don, she also paid a professional visit to
Paris. She acted for the last time in March,
1831, at Birmingham, and in the following
month married Charles Stanhope, fourth
Earl of Harrington. See the ' New Monthlv '
for March, 1821, and Vandenhoffs 'Leaves
from an Actor's Note-book ' (18G0).
Foote, Samuel. Playwright, actor,
and entertainer ; born at Truro, January 27,
1720 ; died at Dover, October 21, 1777 ; was
the son of Samuel Foote, mayor of Truro
and M.P. for Tiverton, and was educated
first at Worcester and then at Worcester
College, Oxford (1737). He studied for the
Bar, but, quickly spending the fortune he had
inherited, drifted on to the stage, making
his first appearance, with other novices, at
the Haymarket, on February 6, 1744, as
Othello. This was followed, at the same
theatre, h\ Lord Foppington, and then came-
a professional visit to Dublin (1744-5). At
Drury Lane in the latter year Foote was .seeit
as Sir Harry Wild air. Tinsel, Sir Novelty
Fashion, Bayes, Sir Courtly H'ice, etc. In
1747 he began at the Haymarket, -v^-ith
'Diversions of the Morning"' and 'Tea at
6.30,' that series of "entertainments"
(written by himself, and full of social and
personal satire) by which, as a performer,
he became most noted. In 1748, at the same
theatre, came ' Chocolate in Ireland ' and
' An Auction of Pictures.' His first regular
play, a comedy in two acts, entitled ' The
Knights,' was produced in the spring of
1749 at the Haymarket, with the author as
Hartop. At Drury Lane, in the season of
1753-4, he played Fondleivife, Ben (' Love for
Love '), and Brazen{' Recruiting Officer ') ; in
1755-6, Sir Paul Plyaat (' Double Dealer ') ;
and in 175S-9, Shijlock, in which he is said to
have failed. At Dublin in 1760 he enacted
Fustian in ' Tragedy h la Mode.' Among his
original parts were young Philpot in ' The
Citizen,' Distress in ' The Wishes,' Francisco
in ' The Taylors,' and Ailwood in ' Dr. Last
in his Chariot.' His greatest successes a*
an actor were, however, made in characters
(of which he was the first representative) in
his own dramatic pieces — i.e. as Buck in
'The Englishman Returned from Paris'
(1756), Cadwallader in 'The Author ' (1757),
Shift in 'The Minor' 0.7QO), Peter Paragraph
in 'The Orators' (1762), young Wilding in
' The Liar' (1762), Major Sturgeon and Mat-
thew Mug in ' The Mayor of Garratt ' (1763),
Sir Thomas Lofty a.n(i Sir Peter Pepper pot in
' The Patron ' (1764), Zachary Fungus in ' The
Commissary (1765), the Devil in ' The Devil
upon Two Sticks' (1763), Sir Luke Limp in
'The Lame Lover' (1770), Flint in 'The
Maid of Bath' (1771), Sir Matthew Mite in
'The Nabob' (1772), Sir Robert Riscounter
in ' The Bankrupt ' (1773), Aircastle in ' The
Cozeners' (1774), and 0' Donnavan in 'The
Capuchin' (1776). In 1776 Foote received,
through the Duke of York, a patent to erect
a theatre in the city of Westminster, with
permission to present plays there between
?klay 14 and September 14 in each year.
Thereupon he bought the old playhouse in
the Haymarket, and put up another in its
stead, opening it in May, 1767. In January,
1777, he sold his patent to George Colman,
who also purchased the right of producing
his unpublished pieces. Foote's last appear-
ance on the boards was on July SO, 1777. In
October of that year he died at Dover, whUe
en route for France for the benefit of his
health. He was buried in the west cloister
of Westminster Abbey. Foote's ' Dramatic
Works ' were collected' and published in 1773,
and again in 1830 with a memoir by John
Bee [Badcock]. Churchill says of Foote—
" By turns transform'd into all kinds of shapes,
Constant to none, Foote laughs, cries, struts, and
scrapes ; . . .
His strokes of humour and his bursts of sport
Are all contain'd in this one word, distort"
I
FOOTLIGHTS
FOR FAIR VIRGINIA
In Bos well's ♦ Johnson ' we read : " Bosivell :
' Foote has a gi-eat deal of humour.' John-
son: 'Yes, sir.' Boswell : ' He has a singular
talent for exhibiting character.' Johnson:
' Sir, it is not a talent, it is a vice ; it is what
others abstain from. It is not comedy, which |
exhibits the character of a species ; it is j
farce, which exhibits individuals.' " T. Davies
('Life of Garrick') is severe upon Foote's [
performances in legitimate comedy, assert-
ing that he " was a most despicable player
in ahnost all parts but those which he wrote
for himself." Colman, in his ' Random Re-
cords,' says of Foote that " The paradoxical
celebrity he maintained upon the stage was
very singular ; his satirical sketches were
scarcely dramas, and he could not be called
a good legitimate performer. Yet there is
no Shakespeare or Roscius upon record who,
like Foote, supported a theatre for a series
of years by his own acting, in his own
■writings, and for ten years of the time upon
a wooden leg!" (ienest ('English Stage')
holds tliat "as a dramatic writer Foote
stands very high. His comedies have little
or no plot, which is a great deficiency ; but
his dialogue is superior to that of most
otlier authors ; it abounds with wit, humour,
and satire. ... He boldly attacked vice in
the higher orders of life, and his plays con-
tain a history of the follies, customs, and
corruptions of the agein which he lived. . . .
Though he sometimes turned an inoffensive
person into ridicule, yet he seldom or never
made a severe attack on any character that
eitlier met with public respect or deserved
to do so." See the 'Memoirs of Samuel
Foote,' by AVilliam Cooke (1808). Tate Wil-
kinson's ' Memoirs ' (1790), and ' Wandering
Patentee' (ITD.'O, O'Keefe's 'Recollections'
(1826), (ialfs 'Lives of the Players' (1S31),
Forster's 'Historical and Biographical
Essays ' (1858), and Lowe's ' English Thea-
trical Literature ' (1888).
Footlig-hts. A comedy-drama by J.
SiiENTO.N, Theatre Royal, Doncaster, Sep-
tember '25, 1872.
Footman (The). An opera, performed
at Goodman's Fields in 1732.
Footmarks in the Snow. A drama
in three acts, by E. Towers, City of London
Theatre, October 14, 1867.
Foppingrton, Lord, the ennobled Sir
Novelti/ Fashion (q.v.), figures successively
in VA.NTJiaGH's 'Relapse' (q.v.), CiBBEii's
"Careless Husband' (q.v.), Sheridan's
'Trip to Scarborough' (q.v.), and Bu-
chanan's 'Miss Tomboy' (q.v.).
For a Child's Sake. A domestic
drama in four acts, by Henry Herman and
Montague 'I'urner, founded on the former's
play called ' Caryswold ' (q.v.), first per-
formed at the New Theatre, Cambridge,
January 2, 1899 ; Surrey Theatre, London,
December 4, 1899.
For a Life. A drama in four acts,
adapted by J. J. M'Closkey from Marcus
Clarke's novel, ' His Natural Life,' and first
performed at the Queen's Theatre, :Man-
chester, July 19, 1886.
For Auld Lang- Syne. A drama in
four acts, by Seymour Hicks and Fred G.
Latham, first performed at the Lyceum
Theatre, London, October 6, 1900, with a
cast including Leonard Boj'ne, W. MoUison,
J. H. Barnes, W. L. Abingdon, Miss Fanny
Brough, Miss Lily Hanbury, Miss Tilbury,
etc.
For Better, for "Worse. A drama in
four acts, by M. E. Braddon, suggested by
the author's novel, ' Like and Unlike,' and
first performed at Whitby, Yorkshire, Sep-
tember 6, 1890.— 'For Better or Worse :' a
farce in one act, by C. A. Maltby (q.v.),
first performed at Croydon, Surrey, Septem-
ber, 1870.
For Bonnie Prince Charlie. A four-
act romantic play, adapted by J. J. Clarke
from Frangois Coppee's play ' Les Jacobites,'
and first performed, " for copyright pur-
poses," at the Shaftesbury Theatre, London,
January 29, 1897; first performed in America
at Pittsburg, Pa., February 4, 1897, Avith
Miss Julia Marlowe and Robert Taber in
the chief parts ; Wallack's Theatre, New
York, February 15, 1897.
For Bonnie Scotland. A drama
"adapted and arranged" by Erne.st
Stevens, Grand Theatre, Glasgow, October
12. 18.. 7.
For Charity's Sake. See Our
Lottie.
For Claudia's Sake. A three-act
comedy-drama by Mabel Freund-Lloyd,
Vaudeville Theatre, London, afternoon of
July 2, 1891.
For Congrress. A play by D. D. Lloyd,
performed at New York in January, 1884,
with J. T. Raymond as General Josiah
Limber.
For Dear Life. A drama in four acts,
by W. Muskerry (q.v.), Victoria Theatre,
London, June 2, 1873.
For Eng-land Ho ! A " melodramatic
opera " in two acts, words by Isaac Pocock,
nmsic by Sir H. R. Bishop, performed at
Covent Garden in December, 18l;-t, with a
cast including Farley, Emery (as Tom Toi^^A),
Incledon, Sinclair, Miss Cooke, Mrs. H.
Johnston, Mrs. Davenport, etc. — ' For Eng-
land : ' a drama in five acts, by Sutton Vane,
Queen's Theatre, Manchester, February 27,
1893 ; the Grand, Islington, June 5, 1893.
For Ever. A drama in seven acts, by
Paul Meritt (q.v.) and George Conquest
(q.v.), first performed at the Surrey Theatre,
London, on October, 2, 1882, with G. Con-
quest as Zaclcy Pastrana, and Miss B.
Titheradge, Miss A. Raynor, Misses L. and
H. Claromont, T. F. Nye, and P. Bell in
other parts.
For Fair Virg-inia. See For Old
Virginia and Virginia.
FOR FREEDOM, OH !
FOR THE KING
For Freedom, Oh ! A play by Isaac
PncocK, performed at the Park Theatre,
New York, in April, 1815.
For Gold. A drama in five acts, by
PjLLTot Galer, Opera House, Leicester,
April 10, 1882.
For Good or Evil. A play in three
acts, by Mrs. A. J. Macdonnell, Royalty
Theatre, London, June 18, 1894.
For Her Child's Sake. A "dramatic
episode " by Sir Charles Young, performed
by amateurs at Windsor, November 24, 1880;
produced at Terry's Theatre, London, March
29, 1890.
For Her Sake. A play adapted from
a novel so named, and first performed at
Albany, New York, November 21, 1896.
For Honour's Sake. A drama in
three acts, by C. H. Hazlewood, Britannia
Theatre, London, October 1, 1873.
For King- and Country. A drama
by Edmund Leathes, Gaiety Theatre,
London, May 1, 1883. — 'For Queen and
Country : ' a military drama in four acts,
by Evelyn Unsworth, Neath, Ireland,
December 26, 1890.
For Life. (1) A drama produced at
the Theatre Royal, Bath, May 6, 1871. (2)
A play in four acts, adapted by C. F.
COGHLAN from ' La Morte Civile ' (q.v.) of
Paolo Giacometti, and first performed at
the Grand Theatre, Leeds, on August 9,
18S0, with C. F. Coghlan as Corrado, Arthur
Dacre as Doji Fernando, E. Price as the
Ahhe, J. D. Beveridge as Doctor Palmier i,
Miss Amy Roselle as Rosalia, and Miss M. A.
Giffard SisAgata; produced, under the title
of ' A New Trial,' at the Prince of Wales's
Theatre (December 18, 1880), with C. F.
Coghlan, J. Fernandez, and Miss Roselle
as before, C. P. Flockton as the Abb/', Miss
Sothernas Annetta, and Mrs. Leigh Murray
as Agata.
For Life through Thick and Thin.
A drama in two acts, by J. G. Taylor,
Alexandra Theatre, London, March 7, 1868.
For Love. A drama in three acts, by
T. W. Robertson {q.v.\ first performed
at the Holborn Theatre, London, October 5,
1867, M-ith H. J. Montagu as Lieutenant
Tarne-, E. Price as John Wyse, Widdicomb
as Huggins, Mrs. Stephens as Mrs. Mont-
fiathcrhault. Miss Henrade a.s Mabel Mardyn,
and other parts by Miss J. Willmore and
Miss Charlotte Saunders.
For Love and Liberty. A play by
Malcolai AVatson, performed at the Union
Square Theatre, New York.
For Love of Prim. A play in one act,
by Eden Phillpotts, Court Theatre, Lon-
don, January 24, 1899.
For Love or Money. A comedy in
three acts, by Andrew Halliday (g.v.),
first performed at the Vaudeville Theatre,
London, on April 16, 1870, with Miss Ada
Cavendish as J/rs. Darlington, ^Miss Amy
Fawsitt as Jemima, Henry Irving as Alfred
Slcimmiwiton, H. J. Montagu as George An-
derson, G. Honey as Major Buncombe, etc.
For Money. A play by Augustus
Thomas and Clay M. Greene, first per-
formed at Cleveland, Ohio, November 28,
1891.
For Old Sake's Sake. A play in one
act, by A. Demain Grange, Pavilion
Theatre, Edinburgh, May 7, 1898.
For Old Virg-inia. A play in one act,
by Henry Herman {q.v.), Grand Theatre,
Islington, June 4, 1891. See For Fair
Virginia.
For Q,ueen and Country. (1) A play
by J. A. Eraser, jun., performed in U.S.A.
(2) A plav by Evelyn Unsworth (Mrs.
J. B. Ashiey).
For Sale. A drama in three acts, by
John Thomas Douglass, jun.. Standard
Theatre, London, February 3, 1869.
For the Colours. A drama by W. A.
Brabner, Metropole Theatre, Manchester,
August 14, 1899.
For the Cross; or, The Da-wn of
Christianity. A religious drama in three
acts, words by JOHN LODEN, music by T. C.
L. White, Navan, Ireland, July 16, 1898.
For the Cro\vn. (1) A romantic drama,
in four acts, translated by Charles Re-
nauld from the 'Pour la Couronne' of
Francjois Coppee (Odeon, Paris, January,
1895), and first performed at Palmer's
Theatre, New York, on February 11, 1896,
-with Edward Vroom as Constantine, Miss
Rose Coghlan as Bazilide, and Miss Maud
Harrison as Militza. (2) A play in four
acts, translated (into blank verse and into
prose) and adapted by John Davidson from
the ' Pour la Couronne ' of Coppee, and
first performed at the Lyceum Theatre,
London, on February 27, 1896, with J. Forbes
Robertson as Constantine, Charles Dalton
as Prince Michael, W. Mackintosh as Ibra-
him, Ian Robertson as Stephen, Miss
Winifred Emery as Bazilide, Miss Sarah
Brooke as Anna, Mrs. Patrick Campbell as
Militza, etc.
For the Czar. A tragedy in one act,
by Percival H. S. Sykes, Strand Theatre,
London, November 3, 1896.
For the Honour of the Family. A
comedy-drama in three parts, adapted from
Emile Angler's ' Mariage d'Olympe ' (Paris
Vaudeville, July 17, 1855), and produced at
theComedy Theatre, London, June 10, 1897.
For the Honour of Wales. An
anti-masque, by Ben Jonson {q.v.); "a fa-
cetious intermixture of Welsh local pa-
triotism and loyalty " (Ward).
For the King-. An historical drama in
four acts, by Walter Howard and Sydney
T. Pease, Grand Theatre, Croydon, March
27, 1899 ; Elephant and Castle Theatre,
London, February 26, 1900.
I
FOR THE OLD LOVE'S SAKE
FORCED MARRIAGE
For the Old Love's Sake. A
plav ill three acts, by Stanley Rogers and
II. K., Hastings, March 17, 1884; Royalty
Theatre, London, May 25, 1886.
For the Sake of a "Woman. A melo-
drama in four acts, by J. Hewsox. Pavilion
Theatre, London, September 24, 1900.
For Valour. A "love story" in one
act, by Charles G. Fawcett, York, Octo-
ber 16, 1891.
For Wife and State. A play in three
acts, by Ellen Lancaster Wallts and J.
W. BOLLDING, Lyceum Theatre, Edinburgh,
Octoljer 19, 1883, with Miss Wallis as Eva,
and other parts by Louis Calvert, ^Y. II.
Pennington, etc.
Foi'bes, Norman. Actor, born 18.59 ;
made his first public appearance at the
Gaiety Theatre, London, in 1875, as Sir
Henri/ Guildford in ' Henry VIII.' He went
thence to Drury Lane, where he was in tlie
original cast of W. G. Wills's ' England in the
Days of Charles II.' (1877), and to the Court,
where he was the first Moses in the same
author's ' Olivia ' (1878). In 1879 he began a
connection with the Lyceum, which lasted
till 1887, and during which he "created "
the part of Sir Almeric in ' lolanthe ' (1880),
besides figuring as Lorenzo, Gratiano, Wil-
ford in ' Tlie Iron Chest,' Fainwould in
'Rnising the Wind,' and Winkle in 'Pick-
wick.' In 1881, at the Court, he was the
first Pedro in AVills's ' Juana ; ' in 1885, at
the Prince of Wales's, the original Grinr/oire
in AV. G. Wills's adaptation so named {(j.v.) ;
and in 1888 the Rev. Sod Ross in (iilbert's
'iirantinghame Hall' at the St. .laiues's.
In 1889 he was acting in America. In 1890
lie was the First Lord in a revival of 'As
You Have It ' at the St. James's, London.
lie became, in January, 1891, lessee for a
time of the Globe Theatre, where he brought
out the American piece called ' All the Com-
forts of Home' iq.v.), himself figuring as
Alfred Hastings. At the Lyceum, in 1896,
he" was one of the murderers in the revival
of ' Richard III.' He began in March, 1899,
a season at the Adelphi, during which he
prddu.fd his ' Man in the Iron Ma.sk ' (7 i'.),
with himself in the title part. In a revival
of 'Twelfth Night' at Her Majesty's in
1901, he was the Sir Andrew Agnccheek ;
and he was in the oricinal cast of ' The Twin
Sister ' at the Duke of York's Theatre (1902).
AVitli the Hon. Stephen Coleridge, he wrote
a dramatic version of Hawthorne's * Scarlet
Letter' iq.v.), in which he played Roger
ChilUngworth (1888).
Forbes-Robertson, Johnston. See
RoBKRTsoN, J. Forbes.
Forbidden Fruit. (1) A drama in
four acts, adapted by F. M. Abbotts from
Augier's 'Paul Forestier,' and first per-
formed at Liverpool, June 7, 1869; pro-
duced at the I>yceum Theatre, London,
November 6, 1869, with C. F. Coghlan fts
Adolphe de Beauhourg, and other parts by
Miss Beatrix Shirley, Brandon Ellis, etc.
(2) A comedy in three acts, adapted by
Dion Boucicault from ' Le Premier Coup
de Canif ,' and first performed at Wallack's
Theatre, New York ; produced at Liver-
pool, October 22, 1877 ; at the Adelphi
Theatre, London, on July 3, 1880, with J.
G. Taylor as Sergeant Buster, R. Pateman
as Cato Dove, Miss Pateman as Mrs. Dove,
Miss Helen Barry as Mrs. Buster, Miss Marie
W^illiams as Zulu, and :Miss C. Jecks as Miss
Julia Perkins; revived at the Vaudeville
Theatre, London, May 6, 1893, See Mrs.
PONDERBURY'S PAST.
Forbidden Love. A drama by West
Digges, Duke's Theatre, London, May 21,
1877.
Force of Calumny (The). (1) A play
translated from Kotzebue by Anne Plump-
tre, and printed in 1799. (2) A play adapted
by W. DUNLOP from Kotzebue, and pro-
duced in New York, in February, 1809.
Force of Fashion (The). A comedy
(from the French) attributed to H. Mac-
kenzie, performed at Covent Garden on^
December 5, 1789.
Force of Friendship (The). A
tragedy by Charles Johnson {q.v.), acted
at the Haymarket in 1710.
Force of Nature (The). A play in
two acts, adapted by T. J. Thackeray {q.v.),
and brought out at the Haymarket in July,
1830, with a cast including W. Farren,
Vining, Miss IMordaunt, and Mrs. Faucit ;
performed in New York in February, 1831.
Force of Ridicule (The). A comedy
in five acts, by Thomas Holcroft, per-
fnrmed at Drury Lane on December 6,
1796.
Forced from Home. A drama in four
acts, bv NV. G. Wills, first performed at
the Duke's Theatre, London, on February
2, 1880, with Miss Fannv Brougli as MilUj
Smith, and C. Holt, C. Wilmot, A. C. Cal-
mour, and Miss Mary Holt in other parts.
Forced Marriag-e (The); or, The
Jealous Brideg-room. A tragi-comedy,
partly in rhyme, partly in blank verse,
written by Aphra Behn {q.v.), and acted
at Dorset Garden in 1672, with a cast in-
cluding Betterton, Smith, Otway (the
dramatist), Mrs. Betterton, Mrs. Lee, etc.
" Otway having an inclination to turn
actor, Mrs. Behn gave him the part of the
King in this play, but he, not being used to
the stage, Avas put into a tremendous agony
and spoilt for an actor" (Genest). (2>
' The Forced Marriage : ' a tragedy by Dr.
John Armstrong, wTitten in 1754, and
printed among the author's Miscellanie.s
(1770). (3) ' The Forced Marriage : ' a
comedy, translated from Moli^re, and
printed in 1762. ' Le Mariage Force ' was
also translated by Ozell. (4) ' The Forced
:Marriage ; or. The Return from Siberia : '
a drama in two acts, by Mrs. T. P. Cooke,
Surrey Theatre, London, December 5, 1842,.
with T. P. Cooke as Ivan Danilof, and
other parts by R. Honner, Mis. Honnor^
and Miss E. Terry.
FORCED PHYSICIAN
FOREST OF BONDY
Forced Physician (The). A transla-
tion by OzELLof Moli^re's 'M6decin Malgre
Lui.'
Porceps, Mr. A character in G.
Abbott a Beckett's ' Siamese Twins '
(q.V.).
Ford. "A gentleman" in 'The Merry
Wives of Windsor' (q.v.). "Ford," writes
G. H. Lewes, " is a creation. If you wish to
appreciate the art manifested in it, compare
Ford's jealousy with that of Othello, or that
of Leontes ; and it will then become evident
that Shakespeare's mastery lies in depicting
jealous men, not abstract jealousy."
Pord, Ernest. Musical composer and
orchestral conductor ; wrote the score of
'Mr. Jericho' (1S93), 'Jane-Annie' (1893),
and ' Weather-wise ' (1S93), and contributed
to those of ' The Wedding Eve ' (1S92) ami
' The House of Lords ' (1S94).
Ford, John. Dramatic wi-iter ; baptized
April 17, loSG ; was admitted to the Middle
Temple in November, 1602. The following
is a list of his plays, in approximately
chronological order :— ' An 111 Beginning has
a Good End' (acted 1613), 'The Lover's
Melancholy ' (printed 1629), ' 'Tis Pity She's
a Whore ' (printed 1633), ' The Broken Heart '
(printed 1633), ' Love's Sacrifice ' (printed
1633), 'The Chronicle History of Perkin
Warbeck' (printed 1634), 'The Fancies
Chaste and Noble' (prhited 163S), 'The
Ladies' Trial' (produceil 1638), 'Beauty in
a Trance ' (registered 1653), and ' The Lon-
don Merchant' and 'The Royal Coml/at'
(registered 1660). Ford was 'part author
also of the following:— 'The Witch of
Edmonton' (written probably in 1621), 'The
Sun's Darling ' (licensed 1623-4), ' The Fairy
Knight' and ' The Bristowe Merchant' (pro-
duced 1624), and ' A Late Murder of the Son
upon the Mother' (licensed 1624). There
are allusions to Ford in Heywood's ' Hier-
archy of the Blessed Angels' (1635) and
'Choice Drollery' (1656). His dramatic
works were collected and edited by Weher
in ISll, by Gifford in 1827, by Hartley Cole-
ridge in 1848, and by the Rev. Alexander
Dyce in 1^69. In Charles Lamb's view,
" Ford was of the first order of poets. He
sought for sublimity, not by parcels in
metaphors or visible images, but directly
where she has her fuU residence in the
heart of man ; in the actions and suffer-
ings of the greatest minds " (' Specimens of
Dramatic Poets '). On the other hand,
Hazlitt held that " An artificial elaborate-
ness is the general characteristic of Ford's
style. In this respect his plays resemble
Miss Baillie's more than any others I am
acquainted with, and are quite distinct
from the exuberance and unstudied force
which characterized his immediate prede-
cessors. There is too much of scholastic
subtlety, an innate perversity of understand-
ing or predominance of will. . . . He does
not draw along with the reader ; he does
not work upon our sympathy, but on our
antipathy or our indifference" ('The Age
of Elizabeth '). Ford's plays seemed to
J. R. Lowell "chiefly remarkable for that
filagree-work of sentiment which we call
sentimentality. ... He abounds especially
in mock pathos. . . . Even in that singl'e
play of Ford's which comes nearest to the
true pathetic, ' The Broken Heart,' there
is too much apparent artifice. . . . His
diction is hackneyed and commonplace,
and has seldom the charm of unexpected
felicity, so much a matter of course with
the elder poets. Especially does his want
of imagination show itself in his metaphors.
The strong direct thrust of phrase which
we cannot parry, sometimes because of
very artlessness, is never his " (' The Old
English Dramatists'). See, also, Swin-
burne's ' Essays and Studies.'
Ford, John T. Theatrical manager,
born at Baltimore, U.S.A., 1829; died
March, 1894.
Forecast, Sir Samuel, is a character
in Sedley's ' Mulberry Garden.'
Foreg-one Conclusion (A). A play
by E. M. Alfriend, performed in U.S.A.
Foreign Affairs ; or, The Court of
QjUeen Anne. A play by Benjamin
Webster {q.v.), performed at the Bowery
Theatre, New York, in September, 1842,
with Mdme. Celeste in the principal rule.
Foreig-n Airs and Native Graces.
A burletta by Moncrieff (q.v.), performed
in New York in December, 1839, with Mrs.
Fitzwilliam in the chief female part.
Foreign Policy. A one-act play by
CONAN DOVLE, first performed at Terry's
Theatre, London, June 3, 1893, with Miss
Achurch, C. Charrington, and E. Maurice
in the cast.
Foreman of the "Works (The). A
drama in four acts, adapted by George
Manville Fenn from his novel, 'The
Parson o' Dumford,' and first performed
at the Standard Theatre, London, March 8,
1886.
Foresig-ht, uncle of Angelica in Cox-
GREVE's ' Love for Love ' (q.v.), is an ignorant
and superstitious student of the stars.
Forest Keeper (The). A drama in
two acts, by H. HoLL (q.v.), first performed
at Drury Lane, February 15, 1S60, with
C. Dillon in the title part,' and other parts
by H. Mellon, R. Roxby, Tilbury, Harley,
and Miss Page.
Forest of Bondy (The); or, The
Dog- of Montargis. A melodrama in
three acts, adapted by Henry Harris
from ' Le Chien de Montargis ' of Guilbert
de Pix(^ri^court, and first performed at
Covent Garden on September 30, 1814, with
Abbott as Captain Auhri, Farley as Lieut.
Macaire, ]\Iiss S. Booth as Florio, Miss
Foote as Lucille, Mrs. Davenport as Dame
Gertrude, Listen as Blaise, etc. Macaire
hates Auhri, and murders him one night as
he is crossing the Forest of Bondy. Florio
is accused of the crime ; but Auhri's dog
Dragon, by his marked intelligence, is
enabled to fix the guilt upon Macaire.
FOREST OF HERMANSTADT
537 FORGIVE US OUR TRESPASSES
Lucille is in love with Florio ; Dame Ger-
trude is an innkeeper, and Blaise is her
servant. The clog who tirst represented
Dragon was, says Genest, " very clever."
The piece was revived at Covent Garden in
November, 1823, with Abbot, Farley, Miss
Foote, and Mrs. Davenport as before,
^leadows as Blaise, and Mrs. Vining as
Florio. It was performed at the Maryle-
bone Theatre in March, 1867. It was
always a favourite with subm-ban and pro-
vincial audiences.
Forest of Hermanstadt (The) ; or,
Princess and no Princess. A melo-
<(rama in two acts, adapted by T. Dibdin
from the French, and performed at the
Opera House, Haymarket, in October, 1808.
Tlie story is that of the personation of a
princess by the sister of one of her officers.
Tlie same subject is treated in ' The Mys-
terious Bride ' {q.v.).
Forest Maiden (The). An opera,
nmsic by J. H. Tully, performed at the
burroy Theatre.
Forest Oracle (The). An operatic
<lrama in tliree acts, by M. Campbell
(music by Nicliolson), performed at Sad-
Jer's Wells, Xoveml)er 9, 1S29.
Forest Rose (The); or, American
Farmers. A pastoral opera, words by
Samuel Woodwohth, music by John
Davies, produced at the Chatham Theatre,
New York, in October, 1825, with Alexander
.Simpson as Jonathan (q-v.).
Foresters (The). (1) A play trans-
lated from the German oi IfHand by Bell
Plumptre, and printed in 1709. (2) A play
in three acts, ascribed to T. .7. Serle,
and produced at Covent Garden Theatre
in October, 1838, with music by Loder, and
with a cast including Vandenhoff, Harley,
Miss Rainsforth, and Mrs. Warner. The
scene is a forest just outside the territory
of Hesse Darmstadt, and the plot consists
of the adventures of three runaways who
take refuge there at different periods and for
different reasons. (3) A poetic comedy in
four acts, by ALFRED, Lord Tennyson, first
performed, with music by Sir Arthur Sulli-
van, at Daly's Theatre, New York, on March
17, 1892, with George Clarke as Richard
Coeur de Lion, John Drew as Robin Hood,
Herbert Gresham as Little John, Miss
Cheatham as Kate, Miss Ada Rehan as
Maid Marian ; performed on the same day
("for copyright purposes") at the Lj'ceum
Theatre, London ; revived at Daly's Theatre,
New York, January 24. 1893, with the cast
as before, save that Arthur Bourchier was
the Robin; produced at Daly's Theatre,
London, on October 3, 1893, with A. Bour-
chier, G. Clarke, and Miss Rehan as before,
and Miss Catherine Lewis as Kate.
Forg-e Master (The). A drama
adapted by G. M. Wood from Georges
Ohnet's novel, 'Le Maitre de Forges,' Tne-
atre Royal, Lynn, October 23, 1884.
Forg-ery (The); or, The Reading-
of the Will. A domestic drama by J. B.
BUCKSTONE {q.v.), first performed at the
Adelphi Theatre, London, on March 5, 1832,
with the author as Jack Sprat, and other
parts by O. Smith, J. Reeve, Mrs. Yates,
etc.—' The Forger : ' a drama in four acts.
Elephant and Castle Theatre, London,
November 13, 1886.
Forg-et and Forg-ive. (1) A comedy
in five acts, by James Kenney (q.v.), per-
formed at Drury Lane in 1827, with a cast
including Wallack, Liston, Mrs. Davison,
Mrs. W. West, Mrs. C. .Jones, and Miss
Ellen Tree. In the following year the
title was altered to ' Frolics in France.'
(2) A comedy-drama in three acts, bv
.lOHN Daly Besemeres, first performed
at the Charing Cross Theatre, London,
January 5, 1874, with W. Creswick as Tyrrell,
Lin Rayne as Lord Self, C. E. Creswick as
Edmund Gray, A. Wood as Enoch, Miss
Louise Carlyle, etc. See Forgive and
Forget.
Forg-et-me-Not. A drama in three
acts, by H. C. Merivale {q.v.) and F. C.
Grove (g.u), tirst performed at the Lyceum
on August 21, 1879, with Miss Genevieve
Ward as Stephanie de Mohrivart, Miss
Louise Willes as Alice Verney, Mrs. Leigh
Murray as Mrs. Foley, Forbes Robertson as
,SV/- Horace Welby, S. Calhaem as Prince
Mallectti, F. Tyars as Barrato ; revived at
the Prince of Wales's Theatre, London, in
February, 1880, with Jliss Ward and Mrs.
Leigh Murray as. before. Miss Kate Pattisou
a,ii Alice re/vi«^)/, John Clayton as Sir Horace,
J. G. Shore as Malleotti, and C. P. Flockton
as Barrato; at the Olympic Theatre in
January, 1883, with :Miss Ward and Mrs.
Leigh Murray as before, W. H. Vernon as
Sir Horace, D. Fisher as Malleotti, P. Beck
as Barrato, and Miss Lucy Buckstone as
Alice; played in the English provinces in
1887, with Miss Ward and W. H. Vernon
as before. Miss A. Measor as Alice, Miss J.
St. Ange as Mrs. Foley, J. C. Buckstone as
Malleotti, and A. Gilmour as Barrato ; at the
Avenue Theatre, London, in June, 1892, with
Miss Achurch as Stephanie, Miss Marion
Lea as Alice, ]Miss K. Hodson as Mrs. Foley,
Sant Matthews as Malleotti, and (X Char-
rington as Sir Horace; at the Standard
Theatre, London (and elsewhere), in 1896,
with Miss Fortescue as Stephanie, Julius
Knight as Sir Horace, and Miss Kate Hod-
son as Mrs. Foley ; revived in London
suburban theatres in May, 1900, by a com-
pany including Miss Elliott Page as Ste-
phanie and Ivan Watson as Malleotti; first
produced in New York at Wallack's Theatre,
witli Miss Rose Coghlan in the chief female
part.
Forg-ive and Forg-et. A play pro-
duced at the Olympic Theatre, London,
October 22, 1838, with T. Green, J. Vining,
Oxberry, Granby, Miss Murray, and Mrs. Nis-
bett in the cast. See Forget and Forgive.
Forg-ive us onr Trespasses. A
drama, in prologue and three acts, by
Naomi Hope, Gaiety Theatre, Brighton,
June 1, 1836.
FORGIVEN
53S
FORREST
Forgriven. (1) A comedj' in four acts,
by James Albery {q.v.), first" performed at
the Globe Theatre, London, on March 9, 1872,
with Miss Carlotta Addison as Rose Cud-
li'pp, Misg L. Moore as Lady Maude, Miss
Sophie Larkin as Mrs. Creamer, Miss X.
Harris as Laura Creamer, H. J. Montagu
as Claude Redruth, H. Compton as Paul
Cudlipp, D. Fisher, sen., as Dick Falloxc,
C. P. Flockton as Lord Dart, E. W. Garden
as ChatJiam Pole, M.P.; produced at the
Bijou Theatre, New York, in 1833. (2) A
play by Clay ^l. Greene, performed in
U.S.A.
Forg-iveness. A four-act comedy by
J. COMYNS Carr {q.v.), first performed at
the St. James's Theatre, London, December
30, 18v)l, with George Alexander as Edward
Hamilton, Miss Marion Terry as Sina
Ferrars, and other parts by F. Everill,
Nutcombe Gould, E. W. Gardiner, A.
Bourchier, H. H. Vincent, Miss Dolores
Drummond, and Miss Fanny Coleman.
Forg-otten. A play in four acts, by
F. Frankfort Moore (q.v.), performed at
the Grand Theatre, London, in July, 1SS9,
with Miss Genevieve Ward as Agnes Moiv-
bray. Miss E. Robins as Grace Hargrove,
and W. H. Vernon as Arthur Clare.
Forlorn Hope (A). A melodrama in
four acts, by Katherine F. Rand, first
performed in U.S.A. ; Regent Theatre,
Salford, England, April S, 1901.
Forlorn Hope (The). A drama in
three acts, by C. H. Hazlewood, Britannia
Theatre, London, :May 8, 1871.
Formal. (1) Roger Formal is clerk to
Justice Clement in JoNSON's ' Every Man in
his Humour' {q-v.). ^^2) Mr. James Formal,
in Wycherley's ' Gentleman Dancing
Master,' is a rich Anglo-Spanish merchant,
uncle to Paris. (3) Mrs. Formalisa, cha-
racter in ' All's Right ' (q-v.).
Forman, Simon. Quack-doctor and
astrologer, born 1552, died 1611 ; bequeathed
to his " scholar," Richard Napier, a number
of manuscripts which are now in the Ash-
molean Collection in the Bodleian Library.
One of them is entitled "The Bocke of
Plaies and notes thereof per Formans for
common pollicie," wherein are given {inter
alia) the earliest extant accounts of repre-
sentations of ' Macbeth,' ' The Winter's
Tale,' and ' Cymbeline.' These were printed
by J. P. Collier in his ' New Particulars '
(1836), and facsimiled by J. O. Halliwell-
Phillips in his Folio Shakespeare (1853-65 ).
Formosa; or, The Railroad to
Ruin. A drama in four acts, by Dion
BouciCAULT, first performed at DruryLane
on AugTist 5, 1869, with J. B. Howard as
Tom Burroughs, H. Irving as Compton Kerr,
D. Fisher as Major Jorum, Brittain Wright
as Boh Sanders, Barrett as Dr. Doremus,
J. Rouse as Sam Boker, ]Mrs. BUlington
«s Mrs. Boker, Miss K. Rodgers as Jenny
Boker, and Miss Maggie Brennan as the
Earl of Eden ; transferred to the Princess's
in February, 1870, with W. Rignold as Tom,
Lin Rayne as Kerr, Ashley as Jorum, J. G.
Taylor as Sanders, and R." Phillips as Dore-
mus; revived at the Adelphi in October,
1877, with Miss M. Leighton in the title part
and Emery as Boker; played in the Eng-
lish provinces in 1886, with J. Rouse in his
original part and Miss M. Rhodesas J'e/i/n/;
revived at Drury Lane in May, 1891, and at
the Lyric, Hammersmith, in March, 1894.
Forrest, Edwin. Actor, born at Phila-
delphia, March 9, 1806, died December 12,
1872 ; was the son of William Forrest, a
Scotch emigrant, and Rebecca Lauman, a
lady of German parentage. He early dis-
played a liking for the stage, becoming
member of a juvenile dramatic club before
he was ten, and making an appearance at
one of the local theatres before he was
eleven. On November 27, 1820, he appeared
at the Walnut Street Theatre as young
Sorval in ' Douglas,' and made a success,
which Avas followed in 1S21 by appearances
as Frederick in 'Lovers' Vows,' Octavian
in 'The Mountaineers,' and Richard III.
Then came his first regular engagement — to
play "juvenile lead" at Pittsburg, Cincin-
nati, and Lexington. At the first named
he opened in October, 1822, again as young
J^orval. His dehut at Cincinnati was made
in February, 1823, as young Malfort in ' The
Soldier's Daughter.' While working this
circuit Forrest endured many hardships.
However, in February, 1824, he began an
engagement at New Orleans, where he was
seen as Jajfier, laao, and Brutus in Howard
Payne's drama, in the autumn of the same
year he acted at Albany with Edmund Kean,
playing lago to his Othello, Titvs to his
Brutus, and Richmond to his Richard III.
"To his last hour," Latirence Barrett says,
Forrest "never wearied of singing the
praises of Kean." After enacting Othello at
the Park Theatre, New York, and triumph-
ing in the role, Forrest began with this
assumption, in November, 1826, a year's
engagement at the Bowery, "then a very
different theatre from what it afterwards
became." " His salary was raised at once
from 28 dollars to 40 dollars per week.
From this success," says Barrett, "maybe
traced the first absolute hold made by
Edwin Forrest upon the attention of culti-
vated auditors and intelligent critics." At
the end of the engagement he was re-en-
gaged for eighty nights at 200 dollars a night.
This was the beginning of his career as a
" star," though he had only just completed
his twenty-first year. After "this, he played
"in every city in the land." gaining both
fame and fortune. In 1829 he went to the
Park Theatre, New York, where he played
Metamora and Spartacus respectively at the
first performances of Stone"s 'Metamora'
(1829) and Bird's ' Gladiator ' (1S31). In July,
1834, he paid a non-professional visit to
Europe, returning in September, 1836, when
he made his rcntree at Philadelphia as
Damon. Going thence to New York, he
was seen as Lear, Hamlet, Rolla, and Vir-
girdus. His first appearance in London took
I
FORREST
place in the following month, the exact
(late being October 17. The theatre was
Drury Lane, and the part Simrtacus in ' The
Gladiator' ('/.v.). During the engagement,
which closed on December 19, Forrest
played Othello nine times, Lear eight, and
Macbeth seven. He was unquestionably well
received both by press and public. " He is
a tall, rather robust man," wrote the Times,
" not remarkably handsome, but with ex-
jjressive features and that cast of coun-
tenance which is well suited for theatrical
effect. His voice is remarkably powerful,
his figure rather vigorous than elegant, and
his general appearance prepossessing." At
the Park Theatre, New York, in 1841, he
" created" the role of Aylmere in Conrad's
' Jack Cade ' {q.v.). In 1845 he was in Lon-
don again, but "was met on the night of
his opening [at the Princess's] with a storm
of hisses, and was compelled after a few
nights to give up his engagement and retire."
He "at once charged the violence of his
reception upon Macready, and declared that
by his means John Forster and a clique of
London critics had joined together to write
and hiss him down." Macready had acted
in America in 1843, where many of the news-
papers had pitted him against Forrest, and
vice versa, thus engendering a good deal of
partisanship among playgoers. One night
in March, 1846, Forrest was present at Edin-
burgh at a performance of Hamlet given by
Macready, whom he hissed at a point in the
play scene. " This act, opposed to good
taste," as Forrest's biogi-apher, Barrett,
liiii!self says, "was at once reported in the
newspapers, and led to letters of crimina-
tion and recrimination, which made the
(juarrel an open scandal, not only in England
but in America." In 1848 Macready was
again acting in the States, and, being hissed
ill Philadelphia, alluded publicly to Forrest's
incident in Edinburgh. Forrest replied in
the press, and Macready published a re-
joinder. "The honours in this wordy
squabble," says Barrett, " were all with
Macready, who preserved his dignity while
defending his cause." The more or less
immediate result was the riot outside the
Astor Place Opera House on May 7, when
Macready, who was acting there, "barely
escaped with his life." Forrest, we are
told, at once lost the support of the
" upper classes" of his own country, while
he became more than ever an idol of the
"common people," who "saw in him, or
fancied they did, a champion of American
resistance to English assumption." Forrest
had married in June, 1837, Miss Catherine
Sinclair, whom he had met in London in
the preceding year. The union, beginning
happily, ended unfortunately, and after
divorcing her husband, in 1850, INIrs. Forrest
took to the stage, figuring at Brougham's
Lyceum in 'Much Ado About Nothing,'
'Love's Sacrifice,' *The Lady of Lyons,' and
' The Patrician's Daughter.' She afterwards
acted in California, where she also went into
majiagement. She died in 1S91. " Fi'om
1852," says William Winter, the story of
Forrest's life "concerns itself with a long
539 FORRESTER
series of professional engagements in dif-
ferent cities of the Union ; with the piling
up of immense wealth ; with the eliciting of
extravagant praises and of equally extreme
vituperation ; with his castle of Fonthill on
the banks of the Hudson, his palace in
Philadelphia, his theatrical library, his
recluse habits of living, his misanthropy,
his frequent illness, and his gradual decline
out of active professional labour and the
fashion of the passing age." His last ap-
pearance on the boards was at the Globe
Theatre, Boston, on April 2, 1872, as Riche-
lieu. His last dramatic "reading" was
given in the same place on December 7,
1872. Five days later, he died. " He had
imagination," says Winter, " though it was
seldom informed by fine intelligence and
never by spirituality ; and he had passion
and tenderness. . . . That which marred his
acting, to the judicious, was that which
marred his character. He was utterly
selfish. He did not love dramatic art for
its own sake, but because it was tributary
to himself. The motives of his conduct
w^ere vanity, pride, self-assertion, and avarice
of power, praise, and wealth. Aided by
great physical strength, manly beauty, and
natural talent, they impelled him — over
many obstacles and much hardship — to
prosperity and precarious eminence. But
they did not conduct him to real greatness.
His nature fulfilled itself, and for that
reason his life was a failure. ... He was
a vast animal, bewildered by a grain of
genius " (' Shadows of the Stage,' 1893). For
biography, see Laurence Barrett's ' Edwiu
Forrest,' and ' Actors and Actresses of
Great Britain and America' (18S6) ; see, also,
G. Vanclenhotf's 'Actor's Note-Book' and
J. For.ster's ' Dramatic Essays.'
Forrester, Henry. Actor, born 1797,
died June 25, 1840; "a very excellent per-
former of my boyish days" (J. A. Cave,
' Dramatic Life and Incident,' 1892).
Forrester, Henry [real name, Frost].
Actor, born 1827, died 1882 ; joined the pro-
fession in 1855, and made his London debut
in 1858 at the Marylebone Theatre as Ilassan
in ' The Castle Spectre.' He was the original
representative of Charles Darney in ' A Tale
of Two Cities ' (Lyceum, 1860), Caj^tain
Perikles in ' The Brigand and his Banker '
(Lyceum, 1860), Lieutenant Herbert in ' Paul's
Return' and Paul Fairweather in 'The
Streets of London' (Princess's, 1864), Dr.
Cleveland in 'Lamed for Life' (Royalty,
1871), Sprott in Recce's ' Friendship ' (Alex-
andra, 1873), etc. At the Lyceum in 1861 he
enacted Jason in 'Medea in Corinth;' at
the Princess's in 1867, Octavius Ccesar in
'Antony and Cleopatra;' and at the St.
James's in 1877, Joseph Surface. At the
Lyceum, between 1873 and 1879, he was seen
as lago, Claudius, Horatio, Antonio, and
Banquo ; also as Beauseant, Baradas, and
Ci'OJHitW^ (' Charles I.'). Among his other
parts were Richard III., Othello, Jaques,
Shaun the Post, and Dan'l Bruce. " He was
an excellent actor, and especially dist.n-
guished himself as lago " (E. L. Blanchard)
FORSAKEN
5iO
FORTUNE
Porsaken. A drama by Frederick
Marchant, Victoria Theatre, Loudon,
iMarcti 27, 1860.
Forster, Jolin. Miscellaneous wi-iter,
■born 1812, died 1876 ; became in 1832 the
dramatic critic of the True Sun (London),
joining in the following year the staff of
the Examiner, to which' he contribute i,
between 1834 and 1838, a number of thea-
trical notices, some of which (mainly on
Macready and Forrest) have been printed,
with an introduction by W. Archer, in
' Dramatic Essays ' (published in 1896).
As an amateur actor, Forster was noted for
his Ford in the ' Merry Wives ' and his
Kitely in ' Every Man in his Humour.'
Forsyth, Helen. Actress ; was in the
original casts of ' Dark Days ' (1885), ' Jim
the Penman ' {Agnes, 1886), ' Sophia' {Molly
Seagrim, 1886), 'The Amber Heart ' (Cesia,
1887), 'Jess' (1890), 'Lady Barter' (1891),
•Richard Savage' {Betty Steele, 1891),
'Nadia' {Princess Adine, 1892), and many
■others.
Fortescue, May. Actress ; made her
professional debut as the Lady Ella in
' Patience ' at the Op^ra Comique in April,
1881, her next original part being that of
Celia in ' lolanthe ' at the Savoy in No-
vember, 1832. She was afterwards the first
representative of Mina in ' The Bluebells of
Scotland' (Novelty, 1887). Pi-iscilla in 'The
JMayflower ' (Opera Comique, 1892), Diana in
'The Fortune-Hunter' (Birmingham, 1897),
the Duche-s of Strood in ' The Gay Lord
Quex ' (Globe, 1899), and Evelyyi in '' Little
Mother ' (Brixton, 1902). She has been seen
in London, also, as Lady Amanthis in
' Broken Hearts ' (1882), Dorothy in ' Dan'l
Druce' (1884), Gretchen in W. S. Gilbert's
play (1886), Vera in ' Moths ' (18S6), Julia in
'The Hunchback' (1888), Selene in 'The
AVicked World ' (1889), J^t/ ZjV« (1 891), Co ?i.sia nee
in 'The Love-Chase '(lS91),Ctoricein 'Comedy
and Tragedy ' and Mrs. Goring in ' The
Honourable Herbert' (1892), and St>^phanie
de Mohrivart. She has enacted in the
suburbs or the provinces Eosalind, Hermia,
Kate Hardcastle, Lady Teazle, Pauline
Leschapelles, Galatea, lolanthe (' King
Rand's Daughter'), Gilberte ('Frou-Frou'),
Fedora, Rypatia, etc. She toured in America
in 1886-7, and again more recently.
Fortescue, Miss [Lady Gardner].
Actress ; is best remembered, perhaps, as
the representative of Barnaby Budge in the
dramatic arrangement of Dickens's story
presented at the English Opera House,
London, in the summer of 1841. Edmund
Yates ('Reminiscences') says that Dickens
used to "dwell with a thorough liking"
upon this performance of Barnahy. During
the same season, at the same house, ]Miss
Fortescue was the first performer of the
title part in ' The Robber's Sister,' besides
appearing in ' The Climbing Boy ' and ' The
Corsair's Reverg?.'
Forte Thieves (The), Played
Piano. A burlesque by BRUCE Smith,
first performed in London in 1880.
Fortinbras. The Prince of Norivay in
' Hamlet.' He figures in act iv. sc. 4, and
in act V. sc. 2.
Fortinhrasse. The princess in Bouci-
CAULT's ' Babil and Bijou ' {q.v.).
Fortress (The). A melodrama in three
acts, adapted by Theodore Hook from
the French, and performed, with music
by Hook, sen., at the Haymarket in July,
1807.
Fortunate Isles (The) and their
Union : " celebrated in a masque designed
for the Court on Twelfth Night, 1626," by
Bex Jonson {q.v.). This, written in 1624,
was originally entitled ' Neptune's Triumph
for the Return of Albion ' (as personified in
Prince Charles). For the performances in
1626 Jonson wrote an introduction to
'Neptune's Triumph' and an anti-masque,
entitling the whole as above. (2) ' The
Fortunate Isles ; or. The Triumphs of
Britannia : ' a masque by J. R. Plan'CHE,
produced at Covent Garden on February
12, 1840, in honour of the marriage of
Queen Victoria. The music was from the
pen of Sir H. R. Bishop. "I am enabled
to congratulate you," wrote Leigh Hunt to
Mrs. Planche, "upon the success of your
husband's 'masque,' in wliich he has made
all the prominent parts of English history
leap with such brief force and sufficiency
out of the canvas, and give us victorious
knocks on the head — a happy thought and
capitally well seconded by the scene-painter
and machinist."
Fortunate Peasant (The). A co-
medy atlapted by Benjamin Victor from
the 'Paysan Parvenu' of Marivaux, and
printed in 1776.
Fortunatus. A character in G. Abbott
A Beckett's ' Ambassadress ' {q.v.).
Fortujiatus, Old. See Old Fortu-
natus.
Fortunatus and His Sons. See
Old Fortunatus.
Fortunatus and the Magic "Wish-
ing"-Cap. A pantomime produced at the
Olympic Theatre, London, in 1845-6.
Fortune- (1) A comedy in five acts, by
James Albert, first performed at the P'ifth
Avenue, New York, December 3, 1873, with
a cast including Miss F. Davenport, Miss S.
Jewett, Miss Minnie Conway, Mrs. Gilbert,
C. Fisher, G. Clarke, D. H. Harkins, J.
Lewis, G. De Vere. (2) A play adapted by
Fred Horner from ' Le Testament de
Ct^sar Girodot ' of A. Belot and E. Ville-
tard (Paris, 1859), and first performed
at the Lyceum Theatre, New York, in
April, 1895, with a cast including Herbert
Kelcey, \V. L. Le Moyne, and Miss Isabel
Irving.
Fortune. (1) A decayed merchant in
Massinger's 'City Madam' {q.v.). (2) A
character in Planche's ' Love and Fortune'
Cg.t'.).
FORTUNE BY LAXD AND SEA 541
FORTY AND FIFTY
Fortune by Land and Sea. A
ti-agi-comedy by Thomas Heywood (q.v.)
and Willi a:m Rowley (7.1'.), printed in
1655, and edited by Barvon Field for tlie
Shakespeare Society in 1S54. The "for-
tune ' of which the title speaks is made by
a young fellow named Forrest, who, after
gaininsT wealth over-seas, returns to marry
a rich young widow who has befriended
liim in the past. " A good homespun yarn,
such as Heywood knew how to spin " (A. W.
AVard).
Fortune Hunters (The). (1) A
comedy by JAMES Carlisle, first acted at
the Theatre Royal in 16S9. (2) A farce by
Charles Macklin (q.v.), acted in 174S.
(3) A comedy by Hewlett, performed at
the Haymarket in July, 1812. (4) A play
produced at Fifth Avenue Theatre, New
York, in 1S88.— 'The Fortune Hunter:' a
play in three acts, by W. S. Gilbert, first
performed at the Theatre Royal, Birming-
ham, September 27, 1897, with Miss Fortes-
cue as Diana Caverel, Miss Cicely Richards
as the Duchess of Dundee, Luigi Lablache
as Armand de Breville, Edmund Maurice as
Sir Cuthhert Jameson, and other parts by
Ivan Watson, G. P. liawtrey, Compton
Coutts, etc. ; produced at Opera House,
Crouch End, London, October 18. 1897.
Fortune in Her Wits. A comedy by
Ciiai;li:s .Johnson {q.v.), printed in 1706,
and descril>ed as " but an indifferent trans-
lation of Cowley's ' Naufragium Joculare.'"
Fortune Mends. A play adapted by
Fanny IIolcroex from Calderon, and
printed in IsOj.
Fortune of War (The). (1) A farce
in two acts, by James Kenney {q.v.), first
performed at Covent Garden in May, 1815.
(2) A play by Lester Wallack {q.v.), first
performed at Brougham's Lyceum, New
York, May 14, 1851. (3) A sketch by F. C.
i^HiLLiPS, Criterion Theatre, London, May
19, 1896. (4) A one-act piece by CosMo
Hamilton^ performed at the St. James's
Theatre, London, on July 2, 1901. See Old
Crimea.
Fortune Teller (The). (1) A farce
in two acts, performed, with music by
Reeve, at Drury Lane in 1808. (2) A play
adapted by John Coleman from 'La Bonne
Aventure '' of D'Ennery, and first performed
at Sheffield. (3) A comic opera in three
acts, written by H. B. Smith, composed by
Victor Herbert, and first performed, Sep-
tember, 1S97, at the Opera House, Toronto ;
performed at New York in the same month ;
produced at the Shaftesbury Theatre, Lon-
don, on April 9. 1901, with Miss Alice
Nielson in the title part.
Fortune Theatre. See London The-
atres.
Fortune's Fool. (1) A comedy in five
acts, by Frederic Reynolds, first per-
formed at Covent Garden in October, 1796.
The Fool's name is Ap-Hazard (played by
Xewis), and among the other li^i'sonce is a
Sir Bamher Blackletter, ''a great admirer
of Chaucer" (enacted by Quick). (2) A.
drama in five act<, adapted by Charles
Harbury from the French ; Stratford, E.,
July 28, 1890. (3) A "dramatic episode"
(monologue) by Henry Hamilton, first pre-
sented at the Haymarket Theatre, London,
oil March 28, 1895, by Lewis Waller. (4) A
play in four acts, by Espy Williams, Los
Angeles, Calif ornia, December 5, 1899.
Fortune's Frolic. A farce in two
acts, by J. T. Allingham {q.v.), fir.st per-
formed at Covent Garden in May, 1799, with
Fawcett as Robin Roughead, a labourer, who
turns out to be the son of Lord Lacku-it.
Other parts Avere taken by Emery, Knight,
Mrs. ]\Iartyn, and Mrs. Davenport.
Fortune's WTaeel. A " musical enter-
tainment," performed at the Haymarket
Opera House in May, 1793.
Fortune's Whims. See Barney the
Baron.
Fortunes of Nigel (The). (1) An
adaptation by E. Fitzball of Sir Walter
Scott's novel so named was brought out at
the Surrey Theatre on June 25, 1822, with
Burroughs as Isicjel and Gomersal as Henot.
It appears to have been successful. (8>
Another version, by Isaac Pocock, called
'Nigel; or, The Crown Jewels' {q.v.), was
produced at Covent Garden on January 23,
1823, its non-success preventing the pro-
duction of an adaptation by Terry which
had been prepared for Drury Lane. — A play
called ' The Fortunes of Nigel ' was per-
formed at the Park Theatre, New York, in
June, 1824.— See King Jamie and King o*
Scots.
Fortunes of Smike (The) ; or, A
Sequel to Nicholas Nickleby. A
drama in two acts, by Edward Stirling-
{q-v.), first performed at the Adelphi The-
atre, Lond(tn, March 2, 1840, with Mrs.
Keeley as Smike, Fosbroke as Mrs. Manta-
lint, Paul Bedford as Crummies, Wilkinson
as Squeers, Buckstnne as Newman Noggs,
Beverley as John Brodic, Yates as Manta-
lini, and Saville as Nicholas.
Fortunes of War (The). A play by
Arthur Treloar, performed in U.S.A.
Fortunio and Harlequin. A panto-
mime produced at Covent Garden in 1815,
with Joseph Grimaldi the younger as
Crittique, " a little-footed Chinese Empress
with a big body."
Fortunio and his Seven Gifted
Servants. An extravaganza by J. R.
Planch^, based on Mdme. D'Aulnoy's
'Belle-Belle, ou Le Chevalier Fortune," and
produced at Drury Lane at Easter, 1843,
with a cast including Miss Priscilla Horton
{Fortunio), Hudson as King Alfavouritc,
Selbv as Matapas, Mrs. C. Selby as the
Princess Vindicta, etc. ; revived at the
Marvlebone Theatre in 1849, and at Sadler's
Wells in 1851, with :Miss Fanny Huddart.
Forty and Fifty. A comedietta by
T. Haynes Bayly, first performed oa
FORTY THIEVES
FOUCHE
March 3, 1836, with Listen as Lilyiohiie,
J. Vining as Fitzwhite, Mrs. Orger as 3[rs.
Lilywhite, and Mrs. Keeley as Jessy ; pro-
duced at New York in 1842 ; revived at the
St. James's Theatre, London, in 1876, with
Clifford Cooper as Lilyiohite and Miss Lavis
as Mrs. Lilywhite.
Forty Thieves (The). This famous
' Arabian Night Entertainment ' has sup-
phed the subject and title of many dramatic
pieces :— (1) A musical romance in two acts,
by G. COLMAN the younger, first performed,
with music by Kelley, at Drury Lane on
April 8, 1806, with Bannister as Ali Baha,
Kelly as Ganem, Mathews as Mustapha,
H. Siddons as Ahdallah (Captain of the
Thieves), De Camp as Uassarac, Miss De
Camp as Moryiana, and Mrs. Bland as Cogia.
(2) A burlesque written by members of the
Savage Club, and performed by them at the
Lyceum Theatre, London, March 7, 1860,
with H. J. Byron as Ali Baha, L. Brough as
Ganem, F. Talfourd as Cogia, R. Brough as
Morgiayia, A. Halliday as Cassiin, AV. Brough
as Hassarac, J. HoUingshead as Menza.
The prologue was by J. R. Planche, and
was " so brilliant and so admirably delivered
by Leicester Buckingham that it nearly ob-
tained the extraordinary honour of an en-
core." The piece was first performed on the
regular stage at the Lyceum Theatre, London,
in April, 1S60, with J. Neville as Ali Baha, S.
Calhaem as Morgiana, Miss Lydia Thompson
as Ahdallah, and Miss Eliza Travers as Cogia.
(3) A pantomime at Covent Garden, 1866-7.
(4) A pantomime hy F. W. Green, Surrey
Theatre, London, December 24, 1874. (5)
A pantomime by E. L. Blanchard, Drury
Lane Theatre, December 26, 1876. (6) A
pantomime by H. J. Byron, W. S. Gilbert,
F. C. BuRNAND, and Robert Reece, pro-
duced for the benefit of the Royal General
Theatrical Fund at the Gaiety Theatre, Lon-
don, on the afternoon of February 13, 1S7S,
with Miss Helen Barry as Ahdallah, Miss
Eleanor Bufton as Cogia, :Miss Lydia Thomp-
son as Morgiana, Miss Lucy Buckstone as
principal fairy, W. S. Gilbert as harlequin,
and other amateurs in male roles. (7) A
burlesque in three acts, by Robert Reece,
first performed at the Gaiety Theatre, Lon-
don, on December 24, 1880, with Edward
Terry as^Zi Baha, E. W. Royce as Hassarac,
J. J. Dallas as Cogia, Miss E. Farren as
Ganem, Miss Connie Gilchrist as Ahdallah,
Miss K. Vaughan as Morgiana, and other
parts by T. Squire, W. Warde, and Miss
i^hyllis Broughton. (8) A pantomime by
AVeemore, Sadler's Wells Theatre, London,
December 24, 1879. (9) A pantomime by
Oscar Barrett and W. R. Osman, Crystal
Palace Theatre, December 21, 1«S2. (10) A
pantomime by E. L. Blanchard {q.v.), Drury
Lane Theatre, December 27,1886, with Harry
NichoUs as Ali Baha, Herbert Campbell as
Cogia, R. Pateman as Cassim, Miss C
Gilchrist as Morgiana, INIiss E. Bruce as
Ganem, Miss M. A. Victor as Airs. Cassiin.
(11) ' The Forty Thieves Down to Date : ' a
burlesque, in two acts and six scenes, liy
G. V. Keast, Plymouth, June 16, 1890. (12)
A pantomime by M. Byam and A. Melville,
Standard Theatre, London, December 26,
1890. (13) A pantomime by Horace Len-
NARD, Crystal Palace, December 24, 1891.
(14) 'The Naughty Forty Thieves:' a
pantomime by Geofrey Thorn, Grand
Theatre, Islington, December 26, 1892. (15)
A pantomime by Fred Locke and J. W.
Hemming, Clapham Junction, London, De-
cember 26, 1896. (16) A pantomime by
Charles Rogers, Stratford, London, De-
cember 26, 1896. (17) A pantomime by
Arthur Sturgess and Arthur Collins,
Drury Lane Theatre, December 26, 1898.
(18) A pantomime by F. Bowyer, Grand
Theatre, Islington, December, 1899. See,
also, Ali Baba ; Forte Thieves ; Open
SESAME.
Forty "Winks. (1) An operetta, words
by H. B. Farnie, music by Offenbach, first
performed at the Haymarket, November 2,
1872. (2) A comedietta adapted by G.
Roberts from the French, and produced
at St. James's Theatre, London, June 2,
1862.
For-ward, Mrs. " AVoman " to Lady
Ahseat in Taverner'S ' Artful Wife ' {q.v.).
Fosbrooke, "Williain. Actor, born
1835 ; died October 26, 1898.
Foscari. A tragedy by Mary Russell
Mitford {q.v.), first performed at Covent
Garden in November, 1826, with Young as
the elder Foscari (Doge of Venice), Charles
Kemble as Francesco (his son), Warde as
Erizzo, Serle as Cosmo, Egerton as Donato,
Fitzharris as Celso, Mrs. Sloman a.s Camilla,
etc. ; performed in New York, March, 1827,
with Conway in the title part. See Two
Foscari.
Fosco, Count. A character in Wilkie
Collins's ' Woman in White ' (q.v.).
Foss, Corporal. Servant to Lieut.
Worthington in Colman's ' Poor Gentleman'
{q.v.).
Fosse (La). A character in Moore's
'M.P. ; or. The Blue Stocking' {q.v.).
Foster, Charles. American actor and
dramatic writer ; author of ' Actors by Day-
light,' ' A Bad Lot,' ' Bertha, the Sewing
Girl,' ' Cell 201,' ' The Gold Belt,' ' Marriage
by Moonlight,' 'Neck and Neck,' 'The Old
Strawman,' 'The Prince is here,' 'The
Rebel's Last Shot,' 'The Swamp Angels,'
' The Turf -cutter,' ' Under Cover,' and other
plays.
Foster Sisters (The). See Ernes-
tine.
Foster, Tony, appears in the various
adaptations and burlesques of Scott's
' Kenilworth' {q.v.).
Fou d'Enfance (Le). See He's a
Lunatic.
Fouche, minister of police, figures in
Planciie's 'Secret Service' {q-v.), TOM
Taylor's ' Plot andPassion' {q.v.), Sardou's
FOUL DEEDS WILL RISE
543
F0UNDLINC4S
' Madame Sans-Gene ' {q.v.), and Kester's
'Mdlle. Mars' ('2.U.)-
Foul Deeds -will Rise. A musical
drama in twoacts, by J. S. ARNOLD, founded
on 'The Traveller's Story' in the Misses
Lee's ' Canterbury Tales*' and tirst per-
formed at Theatre Royal, Haymarket, in
July, 1804. The title, of course, is taken
from ' Hamlet' (act i. sc. 2).
Foul Play. A drama in four acts, by
Dion Boucicault and Charles Reade,
based on their novel so entitled, and pro-
duced at the Holborn Theatre, London, on
May 28, 1868, with G. Neville as Arthur
Wardlav:, W. M'Intyre as Wardlaw, sen.,
J. Irving as Joe Wylie, E. Price as Robert
Pen/old, Parselle as Penfold, sen., Miss
Henrade as Helen Rolleston, Miss Fanny
Josephs as Nancy Rouse, 'the piece, re-
arranged and revised by John Coleman,
was produced in a prologue and five acts at
the Theatre Royal, Leeds, June 1, 1868, with
Miss Henrietta Simms as Helen, Mrs. C.
Horsman as Nancy, C. Hor.sman as Wylie,
John Coleman as Penfold, Johnson Towers
as General Rolleston, and James Edwar<ls
as Wardlaiv. Later in the same month
there appeared at the Queen's Theatre, Lon-
don, a burlesque of the Holborn version,
called ' Fowl Play ' (g. v.). Some years after-
wards the original play was re-handled hy
Charles Reade, and produced at the Olympic
Theatre, London, on April 2, 1877, under the
title of ' The Scuttled Ship,' with J. Forbes
Robertson as Wardlau'', Henry Neville as
J'enfold, R. Pateraan as Wylie, ^liss B.
Pateman as Helen, and Mrs. Seymour as
Naiicy.
Foul Weather. A drama in five acts,
bv C. ^Y. SOMERSET, Royalty Theatre,
Glasgow, :May 30, 1881.
Found. A drama in four acts, by
Frederick Hawley, first performed at
Nottingham in April, 1869 ; produced at
the Gaiety Theatre, London, November 14,
1883.
Found at Last. A drama in four acts,
by A. B. Wlse, Morton's Theatre, Green-
w"ich, March G, 1899.
Found Brummy. A farce by Alfred
Maltby (q.v.), Princess's Theatre, London,
September vl, 1874.
Found Dead in the Street. A
drama, in prologue and two acts, by W. R.
AValdron, first" performed at CheUenham
in August, 1869 ; produced at the Grecian
Theatre, Lont\on, April 14, 1873.—' Found
dying in the Streets:' a drama by M.
WardhauCtH. Barnsley, March 21, 1870 ;
Elephant and Castle Theatre, London, May
21, 1877.
Foimd Dro-wned. A drama in four
acts, based by George Fawcett Rowe
upon Dickens's ' Our Mutual Friend,' and
produced at the Opera Cnmique Theatre,
London, December 26, 1870, with a cast
including Charles Warner, J. Nelson, Miss
Ernstone, Mrs. INIanders, W. M'Intyre, and
the author. See Golden Dustman.
Found in a Four- Wheeler. A farce
by T. J. Willia:\ls, Royalty Theatre, Lon-
don, April 24, 1S66.
Founded on Facts. (1) A farce by
J. P. Wooler (q.v.), produced at the Strand
Theatre, London, in 1849, with H. Compton
as 3[r. Sceptic ; revived at the Haymarket
in September, 1863. (2) A drama in five
acts, bv H. C. Turner, Queen's Theatre,
Keighley, February 14, 1890.
Foundered Fortune (A). A drama
by W. E. 3I0RT0N, performed at tlie
Elephant and Castle Theatre, London, in
December, 1890.
Foundling" (The). (1) A comedy by
Edward Moore (q.v.), first acted at Drury
Lane on February 13, 1748, with Mrs. Cibber
in the title part (Fidelia), Barry as her
father (Sir Charles Raymond), Yates as Sir
Roger Belmont, Garrick as his son (Charles),
Peg Woflnngton as his daughter (Rosetta),
Macklin as Faddlc, and Sparks as Villiard.
(2) A farce in three acts, by W. Lestocq
and E. M. Robson, first performed at Terry's
Theatre, London, August 30, 1894, with a cast
including Charles Groves, Sidney Brough,
Huntley Wright, Miss Ellis Jeffreys, INllss
Emmeline Orford, and Miss Susie Vaughan ;
first acted in America at Chicago, February
12, 1895 ; first performed in New York at
Madison Square Theatre, February 25, 1895.
Foundling- of Fortune (The). A
plav by F. G. Cheatham, Victoria Theatre,
London, April 22, 1867.
Fotmdling- of the Forest (The). A
play in three acts, with songs, by William
DiMOND, first performed at the Haymarket
on July 10, 1809, with Jones as Florian (the
Foundling), and other parts by Mrs. Glover,
Mrs. Davenport, Mrs. Gibbs, Young Liston,
and Farley.— 'The Foundling of the Sea:'
a play by Samuel Wordsworth, per-
formed in New York in May, 1833.— 'The
Foundling of Fortune : ' a drama in pro-
logue and three acts, by F. G. Cheatham,
Victoria Theatre, London, AprU 22, 1867. —
' The Foundling of Notre Dame : ' a drama
in three acts, by W. Banks, Theatre Royal,
Liverpool, August 7, 1876.
Foundling-s (The). (1) A comic drama
adapted by J. B. Buckstone (q.v.) from
the French, and first performed at the
Haymarket on June 16, 1852, with the
author and H. Howe in the title parts
(Timothy Dixon and Edward Jackson),
Keeley as Moleskin (the man who reveals
the foundlings' identity), Mrs. Fitzwilliam
as Pamela Pattens (Timothy's sweetheart),
Parselle as Lord George Moonshine, Leigh
Murray as Greatrake, and other parts by
Mrs. L. S. Buckingham, Mrs. Leigh Murray,
etc. (2) A drama in seven tableaux, adapted
by Leopold Lewis from the ' Dames de
la Halle' of Bourgeois and Masson (q.v.),
and first performed at Sadler's Wells The
atre, London, on October 8, 1882, with a cast
FOUNTAIN
544
FOURNIER
including Miss Rose Leclercq, IMiss Maud
Howard, Miss S. Booth, Edward Price, W.
M'Intyre, H. Procter, F. Barsby, etc. See
Chain of Events and Queen of the
Market.
Foimtain, Bellamore and Hare-
brain. Suitors to Ladv Hartivell in
Fletcher's 'Wit without Money' (g.r.).
Fountain of Beauty (The). A fairy
extravaganza by John M. Kingdom, pro-
duced at Drury Lane, September 5, 1S53,
•with Miss Featherstone as King Pretty.
Four Cousins (The). A comic drama
in two acts, by Aiglstus Mayhew {q.v.)
and Sutherland Edwards {q.v.), first per-
formed at the Globe Theatre, London, May,
1871.
Four in Hand (The). A play by Mrs.
C. A. Doremus, performed in U.S.A.
Four King-s (The) ; or, Paddy in
the Moon. A burlesque by C. H. Hazle-
■\vooD, Britannia Theatre, London, April 14,
1S73.
Four-leaved Shamrock (The). A
play by William Travers.
Four-leg-g-ed Fortune (A). See
Nowadays.
Four Xiittle Girls. A farce in three
acts, by Walter Stokes Craven, Criterion
Theatre, London, July 17, 1S97.
Four Musketeers (The). A play by
Lester Wallack {q.v.), founded on Dumas'
famous stories, and first perfoi'med at the
Bowery Theatre, New York, December 24,
1S49. This is a sequel to the same writer's
' Three Guardsmen ' {q.v.).
Four P's (The): "a merry Interlude
of a Palmer, a Pardoner, a Potycary, and a
Pedlar," by John Heywood (5. v.), printed
between 1543 and 1547. This piece is written
in metre, and not divided into acts. " It is
very curious," says Hazlitt, " as an evidence
both of the wit, the manners, and opinions
of the time." " It has a considerable share
of harmony, but is mere dialogue, without
the shadow of a plot, or the slightest in-
cident" (Genest). "The Palmer and the
Pardoner begin by a contest as to the
superior efficacy of the processes of salva-
tion which they respectively practise ; the
'Poticary asserts that if they teach men how
to prepare for death, he can facilitate death
itself ; while the task of the Pedlar is to
judge which is the greatest liar of the three.
The competition consists in the telling of
two stories by the Palmer and the Pardoner,
and the outbidding of their lies circum-
stantial by a monstrously extravagant as-
sertion on the part of the 'Poticary " (A. W.
Ward)—
" Of all the women that I have seen,
1 never saw or knew in my conscience
Any woman out of patience."
Four Plays, or Moral Represen-
tations, in One, by Beaumont and
Fletcher, printed in 1647. These pieces
(which are preceded by an induction) are
entitled as follows :— (1) ' The Triumph of
Honour,' founded on a tale told both by
Boccaccio and by Chaucer, and performed,
for a benefit, at the Haymarket in August,
1783, with Bannister, jun., p:dwin, Mrs!
Edwin, and Mrs. Bulkeley in the cast. (2)
' The Triumph of Love,' founded on a tale
by Boccaccio. (3) ' The Triumph of Death,'
founded on a novel by Baudello. (4) 'The
Triumph of Time.' " The plot of this seem*
to be entirely the invention of the author."
" The two first may properly be called tragic
comedy, the third a tragedy, and the last
an opera." "The evidence of versification
would certainly assign to Fletcher the latter
two of the ' Four Plays ; ' and this would
naturally leave to Beaumont the first two,
in which, as in the induction, there is a
con.siderable admixture of prose" (A. W.
Ward). For the plots, see Genest, vol. vi.
Four 'Prentices of London (The),
-with the Conquest of Jerusalem. An
historical play by Tho.mas Hicywood {q.v.)y
acted at the Red Bull about 1600, and printed
in 1(315. "It isfoundedonthe exploits of the
famous Godfrey of BuUoigne, who released
Jerusalem out of the hands of the Infidels
in 1099." The Four 'Prentices are Godfrey,
Gvy, Charles, and Eustace— sons of the old
Earl of Bulloigne, who had apprenticed
them to different trades in London. The
play recounts their adventures, and those
of their sister — Bella Franca — on the way
to Jerusalem, of which, after its capture,
Gwy becomes king. The piece is burlesqued
in 'The Knight of the Burning Pestle'
{q.v.).
Four Seasons (The); or, Love irt
Every Agre. An interlude, written by
P. A. Motteux, composed by Jeremy
Clarke, and printed in 1699.
Four Sisters. A farce by Bayle Ber-
NAND Iq.v.), performed at the Strand The-
atre, London, in 1831, with :Mrs. Waylett in
the cast.
Four Stages of Life (The) ; or, The
Youth, the Lover, the Husoand,
and the Father. A drama translated
by J. VoLLAiRE from 'L'Aveiigle' {q.v.},
adapted to the English stage by W. Shep-
herd, and performed at the Surrey Theatre
in April, 1862, with a cast including Yollaire,
Shepherd, W. Creswick, Miss G. Paunce-
fort. Miss Eliza Johnstone, etc.
Fourberies de Scapin (Les). See
Cheats of Scapin, The.
Fourchambaults (Les). A comedy
by Emile Augiec (1S7S), adapted by J.
Albery under the title of 'The Crisis'
{q.v.). Another adaptation, by Dalziel,
was performed at the Broadway Theatre,
New York, in 1879, with Mrs. Lingard as
Mdlle. Letellier.
Fournier. The ' Tiridate, ou Comedie
at Tragedie ' of this writer has been adapted
to the English stage under the titles of
' Actress by Dayhght,' ' Art,' and ' Tragedy
Queen,' all of which see.
I
FOURTEEN DAYS
545
ERA ANGELO
Fourteen Days. A farcical comedy in
llnee acts, adapted by H. J. Byron from
the 'Voyage d'Agrement ' of Gondinet and
liisson (Vaudeville, Paris, June 3, 1881),
and first performed at the Criterion Theatre,
London, on March 4, 1SS2, with Charles
"Wyndham as Peregrine Porter, and other
parts by H. Standing, W. Blakeley, G.
Giddens, L. Sothern, A. M. Denison, Misses
M. and K. Rorke, and Miss E. Vining;
7)layed in the United States in 1SS2-3 by
Charles Wyndham and his company ; re-
vived at the Criterion in February, 1892.
Fowl Play; or, A Story of Chicken
Hazard. A burlesque of Reade and
Boucicault's 'Foul Play' {q.v.), written by
F. C. BURNAND {q.v.), and produced at the
Queen's Theatre, London, on June 20, 1868,
•with C. Wyndham as Arthur Waddler,
Gaston Murray as General Rollin(jstone, W.
H. Stephens as Michael Pen/old, Lionel
Brough as Wylie, J. L. Toole as Robert
Pen/old, Miss E. Farren as Nancy, and
Miss H. Hodson as Helen.
Fowler. A wild young gentleman in
Shirley's ' The Witty Fair One ' {q.v.).
Fowler, Emily. Actress ; made her
London drbut in 186S at the Royalty, in Bur-
nand's ' Black-Eyed Susan.' She appeared
subsequently at the Gaiety, Charing Cross,
Olympic, Queen's, Royalty, Drury Lane, and
other theatres. She was the first represen-
tative of Florestein in ' The Merry Zingara '
(1868), Alice in 'Robert the Devil' (1869),
Paraquita in 'Columbus' (1S69), Mephis-
t<q>lielcs in ' Very Little Faust' (1869), Hans
in 'The Gentleman in Black' (1870), Kate
in 'Sour Grapes' (1873), Suzanne in 'The
School for Intrigue ' (1873), Lady Betty ^ioel
in 'Lady Clancarty ' (1874), Louisfe in 'The
Two Orphans ' (1874), Deborah in 'The Spend-
tlirift' (1875), Nell Gwynne in W. G. Wills's
play so named (1878), and the Viscountess
Liddcsdalc in ' Scandal ' (1878). She was also
seen in London as Beatrice in 'Much Ado'
(Olympic, 1874), Katherine of Valois in
' Henry V.' (Queen's, 1876), Perdita in 'The
Winter's Tale ' (Drury Lane, 1878), JEmilie
de I'Esparre in 'The Corsican Brothers'
(Lyceum, 1880), etc. She was manager for
a time of the Charing Cross Theatre (1869)
and Royalty Theatre (1878).
Fox and the Goose (The); or, The
Widow's Husband. A comic operetta
in one act, written by Bexjamin Webster
and Dion Boucicault, composed by Am-
broise Thomas, and first performed at the
Adelphi Theatre, London, October 2, 1844,
with Paul Bedford as Rohichon, S. Cowell
as Frangois, and Mrs. Fitzwilliam as A7i-
g6lique.
Fox and the Grapes (The). A
pantomime produced at the City of London
Theatre at Christmas, 1855.
Fox and Wolf. A farce performed at
the Gaiety Theatre, London, October 5,
1878.
Fox Chase (The). A cometly by
Breck, acted in AniPrica, where it was
printed in 1808. See Fox Hunt, The.
Fox, Georg-e. Vocalist and musical
composer, died 1902; wrote the music of
operas entitled ' The Jackdaw of Rheims,'
' Nydia,' ' Macaire,' etc.
Fox, Georgre L. American actor, born
1825, died 1877 ; made his first appearance
on the stage at the Tremont Street Theatre,
Boston, in 1830, in 'The Children of the
Alps;' his New York debut took place at
the National Theatre twenty years later,
and he made his last professional appear-
ance at Booth's Theatre on November 25,
1875. He was the original Phineas Fletcher
in ' Uncle Tom's Cabin ' at the National
Theatre in 1853-4, and, created the role of
■izon (q.v.). A
his favourite characters were Bottom, Ham-
let (travesty), Jacques, Strop, Trip (in ' The
School for Scandal '), Mark Meddle in ' Lon-
don Assurance,' Box and Cox, and Humpty
Dumpty (pantomime). " iJo«om," says
Laurence Hutton, "was his most finished
assumption, Hamlet probably his most
amusing, and Humpty Dumpty his most
successful."
Fox Hunt (The) ; or, Don Quixote
the Second. A play by Dion Bouci-
cault {q.v.), suggested (it is said) by the
French piece, ' Sullivan,' and first performed
at Burton's Theatre, New York, on Novem-
ber 23, 1853, with a cast including Burton,
C. Fisher, G. Barrett, and G. Jordan ; pro-
duced in London, at the St. James's The-
atre, on May 11, 1864, as 'The Fox Chase,'
with J. Clarke as Twining {alias "The
Fox ").
Fox versus Goose. A farcical comedy
by William Brough and J. D. Stockton,
first performed at the Strand Theatre, Lon-
don, May 8, 1869, with J. S. Clarke as younrj
Gosling.
Foxall, Simon. A character in Sulli-
van's ' Beggar on Horseback ' {q.v.).
Foxchase, Sir Harry. A character
in Fielding's 'Pasquin'((/.y.).
Foxcraft, Simon. A character in ' A
Woman of Business.'
Foxer, Tom. A character in Craven's
' One Tree Hill ' {q.v.).
Foxg-love. A character in (1) Dib-
piN's 'Family Quarrels' (q.v.) and (2)
Brougham's 'Flies in the Web ' {q-v.).
Foxy Q,uiller. A three-act comic
opera, libretto by Harry B. Smith, music
by Reginald De'Koven, first performed at
New Haven, Connecticut, October 17, 1900 ;
Broadway Theatre, New York, November 5,
1900.
Fra Angrelo. A play in five acts, by
W. Clark Russell {q.v.), produced at the
Haymarket Theatre in August, 1865, with
J. VoUaire in the title character (a hunch-
back), and other roles by J. Fernandez, Miss
Louisa Moore, Miss Katherine Rodgors,
etc.
2 N
FRA DIAVOLO
546
FRANCKLIN
Fra Diavolo. An opera, words by
Scribe, music by Auber (Opera Comique,
Paris, 1830), performed, with English libretto
bv ROPHINO Lacy, at Drury Lane Theatre
in November, 1831. Sims Reeves appeared
in an English version at the Haymarket in
1S55. This work has been burlesqued several
times :— <1) ' Fra Diavolo ; or. The Beauty
and the Brigands,' by H. J. Byron, first
performed at the Strand Theatre, London,
April 5, 1858, with Miss Swanborough in
the title part, Miss :\I. Ternan as Zerlina,
Miss M. A. Victor as Lady Allcash, Charles
Young as Beppo, and Poynter, H. J. Turner,
and F. Charles in other roles ; revived at the
same theatre in 1860 ; first performed in
New York in October, 1S58, with Miss E.
Germon as Zerlina. (2) ' Young Fra Dia-
volo ' (q-v.), 1878. (3) 'Fra Diavolo the
Second,' by J. T. Denny (q.r.). Philharmonic
Theatre, London, August 28, 1SS2.
Fra Diavolo the Second. See Fra
Diavolo.
Frail, Mrs., in Congreve's 'Love for
Love ' iq. v.), is " a woman of easy character."
Frailty and Hypocrisy. A drama
by James Wild, printed in 1804. It is
taken from Beaumarchais' ' L' Autre Tar-
tuffe,' and forms a sequel to ' The Spanish
Barber ' and 'The Follies of a Day.'
France, La. fier'yant to Lord Falbridge
in COLMAN'S ' English Merchant' (q.v.).
Frances. Daughter of Vandunke in
Fletcher's ' Beggar's Bush.'
Francesca. The duchess in TOM Tay-
lor's ' Fool's Revenge ' (q.r.).
Francesca, a Dream ofVenice. A
drama in five acis, by Edmund Falconer
(q v.), first performed at the Lyceum The-
atre, London, on March 31, 1859, with Mrs.
Charles Young as the heroine, the author
as Gradenigo, and other parts by H. Vanden-
hoff , Gaston Murray, etc.
Francesca da Rimini. (1) A dra-
matic poem by J. H. Leigh Hunt, pub-
lished in 1816. (2) A tragedy in six acts,
by G. H. BoKER, first performed in New
York at the Broadway Theatre, September
26, 1855, with E. L. Davenport as Lanciotto,
D. N. Whiting as Malatesta, C. Fisher as
Feph, and Mdme. Ponisi as Francesca;
played at the Chestnut Street Theatre,
Philadelphia, in 1882, with Laurence Barrett
as Lanciotto. Revised and altered, it was
revived at the Star Theatre, New York, in
1883 ; and at Montreal in 1SS5, with Barrett
as Lanciotto, and Miss Wain^Tight and Louis
James in other roles. In 1901-2 it was per-
formed in the U.S.A., with Otis Skinner as
Lanciotto.— A play by Marion Crawford,
entitled ' Francesca da Rimini,' was trans-
lated into French and performed, with Mdme.
Bernhardt in the title part, at Paris in April,
1902, and in London in June, 1902. See
Paolo and Francesca.
Franchi, Louis and Fabian dei.
The "Corsican Brothers" in the dramas
and burlesques so entitled (q.v.).
Francillon. A comedy in three acts,
"arranged" from the French of Alexandre
Dumas tils, and first performed at the Duke
of York's Theatre, London, September 18,
1897, with Mrs. Brown Potter in the title ■
part. Miss Vane as the Baronne Smith, Miss
Grace Noble as Annette, Kyrie Bellew as
Lucien de Riverolles, etc.
Francine. The name of characters in
'Grist to the Mill' and Daly's 'Two
Widows ' iq.v.).
Francis I. (1) A play by Frances Ann
Kemble, first performed at Co vent Garden
on March 15, 1832, with the authoress as '
Louise of Savoy. (2) An opera, music by ■
E. J. Loder, performed at Drury Lane The-
atre in November, 1838. The plot deals :
with the king's unlawful love for the <
Countess Chateauhriant. '.
Francis. Servant to " The Stranger,"
in the play so named (g.i\).
Francis, Philip. Chaplain of Chelsea
Hospital, translator and miscellaneous
writer, died 1773 ; author of two tragedies
— ' Eugenia ' (1752) and ' Constantine ' (1754). ■
Francis, Virginia. The nom-de-
guerre used by Virginia Bateman, now ]\Irs.
Edward Compton iq.v.), during the earlier •
portion of her career as an actress. Under | :
this name she appeared as Maddalena in ' ,
' Leah ' at the Haymarket in 1S6S, and as '
Milly Bigg in ' Mary War.Ter ' at the Olympic '
in 1870, afterwards " creating" the parts of i
Glaucea in Wills's ' Medea in Corinth ' ;
(1872), Madame de Privoisin in 'Philip' {
(1874), Princess Elizabeth in Tennyson's ;
' Queen Mary ' (1876), and Rosamond in ' The i
Dead Secret ' (1877). She also figured at the
Lyceum as Mrs. Backet in 'The Belle's .
Stratagem ' (1876), and Marie in ' Louis XL' ;
(1878), and at Sadler's Wells as Helen in
' The Hunchback ' (1879).
Francisca. (1) A nun in ' Measure for
Measure.' (2) Sister of Antonio in Middle-
ton's 'Witch' (q.v.).
Francisco. (1) Favourite of Ludovico
Sforza in Massinger'S 'Duke of Milan' ^
iq.v.) ; brother of Eugenia and husband of '
Mariana. (2) A musician in Beaumont "
and Fletcher's 'Chances' (g.r.). (3) Son
of Valentine in Beaumont and Fletcher's
'Monsieur Thomas' {q.v.). (4) Brother of ;
Valentine in Beaumont and Fletcher's *
' Wit without Money ' {q.v.). (5) A character ,
in HOLCROFT's 'Tale of Mystery.'
Franciscus. A " counterfeit madman "
in Middleton's ' Changeling' {q.v.).
Francklin, Thomas. Dramatic and
miscellaneous writer, born 1721, died 1784; ;
professor of Greek at Cambridge, 1750-1759 ;
author or adapter of the following plays :—
'The Earl of Warwick' (1766), 'Matilda*'
(1775), ' The Contract ' (1776), and ' Mary
Queen of Scots' (printed 1837); author,'
also, of translations of the tragedies of
i Sophocles (1759), Voltaire's ' Orestes '
i (1769) and ' Electra ' (1774), and Lucian's
FRANCOIS
FRATERNAL DISCORD
' Tragopodagra ' (1780) ; and author of ' A
Dissertation on Ancient Tragedy ' (1760).
Churchill has some uncomplimentary re-
ferences to him in 'The Rosciad.' See
the 'Biographia Dramatica' and Genest's
'English Stage.'
■ Fran9ois. The page in Lytton's
j 'Richelieu' (g.f.).
Francois the Eadical. A comic
opera, based (with alterations by G. Jacobi)
on ' Francois les Bas Bleus ' (libretto by
Dubreuil, Humbert, and Burani, music by
Bernicat and Messager, Brussels in 1882,
Paris in 1883) ; adapted by J. Huntley
McCarthy, and produced at the Royalty
Theatre, London, April 4, 1885, with Deane
Brand as Francois, Miss Kate Santley as
Fanehon, and other roles by H. A.shley,
L. Kelleher, H. Hallam, etc. Franrois is
a revolutionary song-writer, in love Avith
Fanchon, a ballad-singer, and beloved by
Fanchon's aunt. See Fan'Chette.
Frank. Sister of Frederick in Beau-
mont and Fletcher's ' Captain ' (q.v.).—
Black Frank is a character in the adapta-
tions of ' The Heart of Midlothian ' (q-v.).
Frank Fox Phipps, Esq. A farce
in one act, by Chahles Selisy, first per-
formed at the Victoria Theatre, London,
February 18, 1834, with Forester in the title
?irt, and Miss P. Horton as Miss Caroline
opkins; played in New York in the same
year.
Frankenstein ; or, The Modern
Prometheus. A tale by Mrs. Shelley,
first publislied in 1818, and the basis of
several dramatic pieces :— (1) ' Presumption
{q.v.) ; or. The Fate of Frankenstein : ' a
romantic drama by R. B. Peake (1823).
This is probably the piece called ' Franken-
stein' which was produced at the Park
Theatre, New York, in January, 1825.
(2) ' Frankenstein ; or, The Man and the
Monster : ' a romantic melodrama in two
acts, V>y H. I\L MiLNER, founded partly on
'Le Magicien et le IMonstre,' and first
performed at the Coburg Theatre, London,
July 3, 1826, with " O." Smith as the
Monster, and other parts by Frank Row-
l)otham, Mrs. Young, Mrs. Rowbotham, etc.
In this piece the Monster whom Franken-
stein lias manufactured kills the young son
of the Prince of Piombino, and afterwards
Frankenstein himself. Hemmed in by a
party of soldiers, he rushes up the side of
Mount Etna, and throws himself into the
crater. — In 1S27 Sir Walter Scott witnessed at
Edinburgh a performance of ' Frankenstein,'
and wrote in his Journal : " ' Frankenstein '
is entertaining for once— considerable art
in the man that plays the Monster, to whom
he gave great effect. Cooper is his name."
N. T. Hicks played the Monster at the
Victoria Theatre, London, in November,
1838 ; and one or other of the above dramas
was revived at the Lyceum in 1839, and at
Sadler's Wells in 1843.' Henrv Irving played
the Prime of Piombino at Edinburgh, 1856-
69.~At least two burlesques have been
based upon Mrs. Shelley's story :— (1)
'Frankenstein; or. The Model Man,' by
the Brothers Brough, first performed at
the Adelphi Theatre, London, December
26, 1849, with E. Wright as Frankenstein,
Paul Bedford as the Monster, " O. " Smith
as Zamiel, Miss Woolgar as Otto of Rosen-
berg, J. C. Smith as the Baron, Miss E.
Harding as Undine, and other parts by
Miss Ellen Chaplin and .Miss Turner. (2)
' Frankenstein,' by " Richard Henry,"
first performed at the Gaiety, London,
December 24, 1887, with Miss E. Farren as
Frankenstein, F. Leslie as the Monster, G.
Stone as the Model. ]Miss Marion Hood as
Tartina, Miss Sylvia Grey as Tamburina,
INIiss Camille D'Arville as II Capitano
Maraschino, and other parts by Miss Emily
Cross, Miss J. McNulty, Miss E. Gwynne,
Miss S. Grey, E. J. Lonnen, Cyril Maude,
and Frank Thornton.
Frankford, Mrs. The " Woman
Killed with Kindness" in Heywood's
drama so named (q.v.).
Franklin. A drama in five acts, by
John Brougham (1S68).
Franklin. Friend to Arden in Lillo's
' Arden of Feversham' {q.v.). — Lady Frank-
lin is the widow in Lytton's 'Money ' {q.v.).
Franklin, Andre"W. Author of ' The
Hypochondriac ' (1785), ' The Mermaid '
(17i)2), ' The Wandering Jew ' (1797), ' Gander
Hall ' (1799), and other dramatic pieces.
Frankly. (1) A character in Motteux'
'Love's a Test' {q.v.). (2) Frankly, in
Hoadly's ' Suspicious Husband,' is attached
to Clarinda.
Franval, Madame. An aristocratic
dame in Holcroft s ' Deaf and Dumb ' (q.v.).
Fraser, Marie. Actress ; made her
first appearance in London at the Comedy
Theatre in ' Sister :Mary ' (18S6). In 1891
she enacted Nora in ' A Doll's House ' at
Terry's, and was the original Lady Yuill
in Barrie and Marriott-Watson's 'Richard
Savage ' at the Criterion. She was also in
the first casts of 'Queen's Counsel' {q.v.y
and ' The Bride of Love' {q.v.).
Fraser, "Winifred. Actress ; repre-
sented Hedrig in the English version of
Ibsen's ' Wild Duck ' (Royalty Theatre,
London, June, 1893), and was also in the
original casts of ' Her Own Witness ' (1889),
'My Daughter' (1892), 'The Man in the
Street' (1894), 'Thyrza Fleming' (1895),
'The Rise of Dick Halward' (1895), 'In
Marv's Cottage' (1896), 'The Fantasticks'
(1900), etc.
Frasqnita.. A comic opera in two acts,
music bv Mever Lutz, Gaiety Theatre,
London, May 29, 1893.
Fraternal Discord. A play adapted
by W. DUNLOP from 'The Reconciliation'
{q.v.), and brought out in New York in
October, 1800.
FRATERNAL ENMITY
543
FREEDOM
Fraternal Enmity. See Birthday,
The ; Fraternal Discord ; Reconcilia-
tion.
Fraud and its Victims. See Streets
01- London.
Fraunce, Abraham. Lawyer, temp.
Queen Elizabeth; author of 'Amyntas'
(1591), a translation of Tasso's 'Aiuiuta.'
Freaks and Follies. A farce per-
formed at the Park Theatre, New York, in
September, 1S32.
Freaks of Fortune. A play by C. M.
Greene and S. Thompson, performed in
U.S.A.
Freda. A play in three acts, by Bernard
BusSY and "\V. T. Blackmore, Strand The-
atre, London, July 19, 1SS7.
Frederic and Basilea. A play per-
formed at the Rose Theatre, London, in
June, 1597. The plot was printed by Halli-
well in 1860.
Frederic Liemaitre. A play by W.
Clyde Fitch, first performed at the Tremont
Theatre, Boston, U.S.A., December 1, 1890 ;
produced in New York at Daly's Theatre,
April 22, 1891, with Felix Morris as
Lemaltre.
Frederick. (1) The usurping Duke in
' As You Like It' (t/.r.). (2) Brother of
King Alphonso in FLETCHER'S ' Wife for a
Month' iq.v.).
Frederick, Duke of Brunswick.
A tragedy by Mrs. ELIZABETH Haywood,
performed at Lincoln's Inn Fields in March,
1728.
Frederick the Great; or, The
Heart of a Soldier. An "operatic
anecdote "in three acts, by S. J. Arnold,
performed, with music by T. Cooke, at the
Lyceum Theatre in August, lsl4, with a
cast including T. Cooke, Raymond, Pyne,
Liston, Fawcett, J. Wallack, Mrs. Orger,
and Miss Kelly. (2) 'The Youthful Days
of Frederick the Great : ' a play by William
Abbott (q.v.). (3) 'Frederick the Great;
or. The King and the Deserter:' a melo-
drama in two acts, by J. M. Maddox, first
performed at the Coburg Theatre, London,
September 15, 182'1, with H. Beverley as
Frederick, and T. P. Cooke as Adelbert\the
deserter). (4) ' Frederick of Pi-ussia ; or.
The King and the Comedian : ' a drama in
one act, by Charles Selby (q.v.), first per-
formed at the Queen's Theatre, July, 1S37,
with Tilbury as Frederick, T. Green as
Stolhach (a comedian), and other parts by
II. Howe, W. Davidge, etc. ; revived at the
Strand Theatre in December, 1833, with W.
Bennett as Frederick, W. J. Hammond as
Stolbach, Forester and W. Vining in other
parts. See Court of Old Fritz.
Fred Frolic, his Life and Adven-
tures. A drama by Charles Pitt (q.r.),
Britannia ITieatre, London, June 17, 186S.
Fredolfo. A tragedy in verse by C. R.
Maturin, acted at Covent Garden on May
12, 1819, with Young as the hei'o (a Swiss]
patriot), Yates as Berthold (his vassal), Missj
O'Neill as Urilda (his daughter), Charles
Kembleas^d'r^»iar(herlover),andMacready
as Wallenberg (Austrian Governor of Swit-
zerland). Wallenberg captures Fredolfo,
who is about to be executed, when he is
rescued by Adelmar. In the end, Adelmai
is killed by Wallenberg, who is in turn slaicl
by Fredolfo. Urilda dies. The play wasi
produced in New York in 1832.
Free and Easy. (I) A comic opera iri
two acts, libretto by S. J. Arnold, music
by Addison, performed at the English
Opera House, London, in September, 1816
(2) A farce performed at New York in 1838
with C. J. Mathews as Sir Charles Free\
man. Miss Cushman as Eugenia, and othe .
parts by Richings and Mrs. Chippendale. |
Free Knig-hts (The) ; or. The Edicj
of Charlemagne. A romantic dram;'
in three acts, by Frederic Reynold:'
(q.r.), performed, with music by Mazzinghi'
at Covent Garden in February, 1810.
Free Labour. See Put yourself i:
his Place.
Free Lance (The) ; or, Who Wins
A drama in three acts, by Charle
HORSMAN, Alfred Theatre, London, Augus
2. 1869.
Free, Micky. A character in Fai
goner's ' Galway go Bragh' (q.v-). ;
Free Pardon (The). A domestij
drama in four acts, by F. C. Philips an:
Leonard Merrick, Olympic Theatni
London, January 28, 1897.
Free Will. A " moral-play," translate'
by Henry Cheeke from tlie Italian <!
F. Negri (or Neri) of Bassano, and printed
(it is thought) about 1560, the origin;'
having appeared in 1546. Herein, accordir
to the title-page, is " set foorth, in manm
of a tragedie, the devylish Deuise of tt.
Popish Religion."
Freear, Louie. Actress and vocalis
born 1872 ; appeared in pantomime ;■
Sanger's Theatre, London, in 1882 ; in ISj^
figured as Trcnitz in representations <;
'La Fille de Madame Angot' by childrei"
was seen in the provinces as 3Iopsa in ' ;
Winter's Tale,' and in London suburbs ;'
Puck in 'A Midsummer Night's Dream;
played Ruth in ' The Gay Parisienne ' at tl'
Duke of York's Theatre, London, in 1S£,
and Fi-Fi in 'A Chinese Honeymoon' '
the Strand Theatre, in 1902. 8he made hi
American debut at the New Yoik Theatr
New York, April 21, 1899, in ' The Man
the Moon.'
Freebooters (The). An opera ";
Paer, performed at the Lyceum Theati.
London, in August, 1827, with Miss Betts •
Isabella.
Freedom. A play in four acts, by '
F. RowE and Augustus Harris, first pc
formed at Drury Lane Theatre, London,
August 4, 1883, with a cast including t
!■•
I
FREEDOM
FRENCH CONJUROR
authors, J. Fernandez, E. F. Edgar, H.
Jackson, H. Nicholls, Miss Sophie Eyre,
Miss Nellie Bromley, Miss Fanny Enson,
Miss Lydia Foote, and Miss M. A. Victor.
Freedom. Son of Mistress Lucre in
MiDDLETONS 'Trick to catch the Old One'
i'jv-)-
Freelove, Lady. A woman of the
world in Colman's 'Jealous Wife' (q.v.).
(2) Colonel and Lady Elizabeth Freelove are
among the j)ersonce in Mrs. C. Kemble's
'A Day after the Wedding' (q.v.). (3)
There is a Walter Freelove in Saundeks'
'Love's Martyrdom' (q.v.).
Freeman, in Wycherly's ' Plain
Dealer' (q.v.), is Manly's lieutenant, a
gentleman of broken fortune. (2) Sir
Charles Freeman, in Farquhar'S 'Beaux'
Stratagem ' (q.v.), is brother to Mrs. Sullen.
(3) Charles Freeman, in ' High Life Below
Stairs,' is a friend of Lovel.
Freeman, Sir Ralph (died 1655), was
the author of ' Imperiale,' a tragedy, which,
printed in an inaccurate and unauthorized
form in 1639, was issued by the writer him-
self in 1C55.
Freeman's Honour (The). A play
by Wentwcmith smith, acted (prior to 1615)
" by the servants of the King's Majesty."
Freemason (The); or, The Secret
of the Lodg-e Room. A domestic drama
in two acts, liy J. P. Hart, first performed
at the Queen's Theatre, London, June 3,
1839, witli the author, \V. Davidge, Mrs.
Power, Mrs. Kirby, etc., in the cast; per-
formed in New York in April, 1S40. (2)
' The Freemason : ' a play by U. E. Haverly,
performed in U.S.A.
Freeport. The " English Merchant " in
Colman's comedy so named (q.v.).
Freer, Charles. Actor, born at Malta,
died Deceuiber 23, 1857 ; appeared at Sadler's
Wells in 1830 as Sir Giles Overreach. In
May, 1839, he made, at New York, his
American debut, figuring as Richard III.
"lie poissessed considerable melodramatic
ability, and starred with success at many
minor American theatres" (Ireland). He
came to be known as ' The Kean of the
East' [of London]. "As a melodramatic
actor," writes IL Turner, "especially in
such characters as Buridan in ' The Tower
of Nesle,' and the Gypsy King, he certainly
deserved his fame. Some time in the forties
I saw him play at the Victoria Theatre the
chief part in ' The Bohemians of Paris,' and
followed by 'Macbeth' as an afterpiece (!),
wherein he enacted the ambitious thane. . . .
He was also an admirable sailor and a suave
and elegant Mercutio " {The Theatre for
September, 1885).
Freezing" a Mother-in-Law. A
farce by T. Edgar Pemberton (q.v.), first
performed at Leeds, SeptemJ^er 6, 1880.
Freischutz (Der). An opera in three
acts, words by Kind, music by Weber,
originally produced at Berlin in 1821. It
was first performed in England as 'Der
Freischutz; or. The Seventh" Bullet,' at the
Lyceum Theatre, London, on July 22, 1824,
with Braham as Rudolph, Bennett as Caspar,
Bartley as Kvno, Baker as Ottocar, Tayleure
as Killian, Henry Phillips as Lollo, T. P.
Cooke as Zamiel, Miss Noel as Aynes, Miss
Povey as Ann, and Mrs. Bryan as' the Witch
of the Wolfs Glen. The opera was also pro-
duced at Covent Garden in October, 1824,
with an English libretto by J. R. Planchie.
It was first heard in America, with an
English " book," at the' Park Theatre, New
York, in March, 1825. With a libretto by
John Oxenford, it was produced in April,
1866, at Astley's Theatre, London, with
Henry Haigh as Rudolph, Corri as Kuno,
C. Lyall as Ottocar, Aynsley Cook as Caspar,
G. Honey as iii'Wiajr, Basil Potter as Za/me^,
Mdme. Haigh-Dyer as Agnes, and Miss
Leffler as Ann.—' Freischutz ; or, Zamiel,
the Spirit of the Forest : ' a legendary drama
in three acts, by J. Kerr, was performed
at the Lyceum Theatre, London, with T. P.
Cooke as Zamiel, Mrs. Stanley as Agnes,
and other roles by Widdicombe, Gomersal,
Mrs. Davidge, etc. — A burlesque of the
opera was produced at the Olympic Theatre
on October 4, 1824, but without success.
Another travesty ['Der Freischutz; or, A
Good Cast for a Piece '], written by F. C.
Burn AND (q.v.), was brought out at the
Strand Theatre, London, on October 8,1866,
with Miss Raynham as Zamiel, Miss Ada
Swanborough as Agnes, Miss E. Johnstone
as Killian, Miss Fanny Hughes as Anne,
C. Fenton as Caspar, D. James as Rudolph,
T. Thorne as Madame von Stuclmp, and F.
Robson [the younger] as Catspaiv. Two
nights later there was produced at the Prince
of Wales's Theatre another burlesque of the
opera, this time by H. J. Byron (q.v.), in
which Miss Lydia Thompson appeared as
Max (Rudolph), Miss Lydia Maitland as
Killian, Miss Louisa Moore as Agatha, J.
Clarke as Caspar, F. Younge as Zamiel,
H. W. Montgomery as Kuno. and Miss B.
Goodall, Miss A. Wilton, and F. Glover in
other parts ; revived at the Gaiety Theatre
in April, 1884. See Fried Shots.
French, Samuel. Theatrical pub-
lisher ; began to issue ' The Standard and
Minor Drama' in New York in 1854. In
1S72 he bought T. H. Lacy's business, and
settled in London. He died in 1893.
French, Sydney. Dramatic writer ;
author of burlesques on ' Rob Roy ' and
'Lucrezia Borgia' (1867), and of 'Lord
Bateman,' an extravaganza (1875).
French Comedy (The). A play per-
formed at the Rose Theatre, London, in
February, 1595.
French Conjuror (The). A play by
'T. P.,' performed at Dorset Gardens in
1677, with a cast including Anthony Leigh,
Jevon, Norris, Mrs. Hughes, etc. It was
founded, Langhorne says, on two stories
in the romance of 'Guzman the Spanish
Rogue.'
FRENCH DANCING-MASTER
550 FRIAR BACON AND FRIAR BUNGAY
French. Daiicing--Master (The). A
" droll " extracted from the Duke of New-
castle's play called ' Vanity,' and performed
in May, 1662, with Lacy in the title part.
Pepys"describes " Lacy's part "as " the best
in the world."
French Doctor (The). A play per-
formed at the Rose Theatre, Loudon, in
October, 1595.
French Exhibition (The). A farce
by Frederick Hay, Strand Theatre,
London, April 1, 1867.
French Flats. An adaptation by
AuGUsriN Daly of Chivot and Duru's
' Locataires de ^NI. Blondet,' first performed
at the Union Square Theatre, New York,
in 1880. See Flats.
French Flogrged (The); or. The
British bailors in America. A two-
act farce, ascribed to G. A. Stevens, and
printed in 1767 ; it had been performed at
Covent Garden on March 30, 1761, as
' English Tars in America.'
French Girl's Love (A). A drama
by C. H. Hazlewood, Britannia Theatre,
London, February 12, 1872.
French Lady's Maid, Our. See
Our French Lady's Maid.
French Libertine (The). A comedy
in five acts, first performed at Covent
Garden in February, 1826, with Charles
Kemble as the Duke de Rougemont, and
other parts by Warde, Cooper, INIrs. Chatter-
ley, Mrs. Sloman, and Mrs. Glover.
French Maid (The). A musical co-
medy in two acts, words by Basil Hood,
music by Walter Slaughter, Theatre Royal,
Bath, April 4, 1896 ; Metropole, Camberwell,
London, May 6, 1896 ; Terry's Theatre, April
24, 1897, with Miss Kate Cutler in the title
part (Suzette), ^Sliss Louie Pounds as Dorothy,
Miss Lillie Pounds as Mdvie. Carnembert,
Miss K. Talby as Lady Hau'ser, Joseph
Wilson as Jack Brown, Eric Lewis as M.
Carnembert, Herbert Standing as Paid
Lecture, Richard Green as Harry Fife, H.
O. Clarey as Admiral Hawser, and W. Guise
as General Fife ; transferred to the Vaude-
ville, February 11, 1898.
French Spy (The) ; or, The Sieg-e
of Constantina. A military drama in
three acts, by J. T. Haines, performed at
the Adelphi Theatre, London, December 4,
1837, with IVIdme. Celeste in three characters
— Henri St. Alme, the spy ; Hamet, an Arab
boy; and Mathilde de Meric. " O." Smith
represented Mohammed, an Arab of the
desert.
Frenchified Lady never in Paris
(The). See Comical Lovers.
Frenchman in London (The). A
comedy, translated from Boissy's ' Francois
a Lond"res,' and printed in 1755.
Frere, John Hookham. Diplomatist
and miscellaneous writer, born 1769, died
JS46 ; published translations in metre of
the works of Aristophanes— ' The Frogs,*
(1839), and ' The Acharnians,' ' The Knights,*
and ' The Birds ' (1840). See Morley's ' Uni-
versal Library ' (1886).
Freres Corses (Les). A play adapted
by Grange and Montepier from Dumas,
and first performed at the Theatre Historique,
Paris, in August, 1850 ; adapted to the
English stage under the title of ' The
Corsicans ' and ' The Corsican Brothers,*
both of which see.
Fresh, the American. A play by A.
C. Gunter iq.T.), first performed at the
Park Theatre, New York, with J. T. Ray-
mond in the principal role.
Freshman (The). A 'play by C.
Bradley and W. R. Wilson, performed in
U.S.A.
Fretful Porcupine (A). A farce
adapted by Leicester Buckingham from
the French, and first performed at the
Adelphi Theatre, London, on April 20,
1867, with J. Clarke and J. G. Taylor in
the cast.
Fretleig-h, Theodore, in J. Oxen-
ford's 'Billing and Cooing' {q.v.), marries
Clarissa Tantrum.
Freya's Gift. A masque, written by
John Oxenford, composed by Sir G. A.
Macfarren, and performed at Covent Garden
in 1863 (in celebration of the marriage of
the Prince of Wales).
Friar (The). An operetta, words by .7.
COMYNS Carr, music by Alfred J. Caldi-
cott, St. George's Hall, London, December
15, 1886.
Friar Bacon and Friar Bungay.
The heroes of an "honourable historie,"
"made by Robert Greene," "plaied by
her Majestie's servants," and printed in
1594. Dr. A. W. Ward thinks that this play
dates from 1589. He also considers the
internal evidence strong, though not irre-
sistible, that its composition was due to
the success achieved by Marlowe's ' Faustus'
(q.v.). " The magic of Friar Bacon and his
brother practitioner with the Suffolk
patronymic are," says Dr. Ward, " hardly
to be regarded as constituting the essential
subject of the plot. So far as this part
of Greene's 'Historie' is concerned, it is
founded on a prose tract of his own age,
entitled ' The Famous Historie of Frier
Bacon, containing the wonderful things that
he did in his life, also the Manner of his
death, with the Lives and Deaths of the
two Conjurers, Bungye and Vandermast.'
. . . The more attractive part of the action,
howevei", is that concerned with the love of
Edward Prince of Wales (afterwards King
Edward I.) for Margaret, the fair Maid of
Fressingfield" ('English Dramatic Litera-
ture').—A" droll " called ' Friar Bacon ' was
performed at Bartholomew Fair in 1699. —
' Friar Bacon ; or, Harlequin's Adventures
in Lilliput,' is the title of a pantomime by
J. O'Keefe, performed at Covent Garden
in 1783-4.
FEIAR FOX AND GILLIAN, ETC. 551
FRIENDSHIP IMPROVED
Friar Fox and Gillian of Brent-
ford. A play by Thomas Downton and
Samuel Rowley, acted, apparently, in
London in 1592-3 and 159S-9.
Friar Francis. A play performed at
the Rose Theatre, London, In January,
1593. See Heywood's ' Apology for Actors '
(1612).
Friar Spendleton [or Pendleton].
A play performed at the Rose Theatre,
London, in October, 1597.
Fribble. (1) A character in Shadwell's
' Epsom Downs.' (2) An effeminate coxcomb
in ( lARRlCK's ' Miss in her Teens ' {q.v.). (3)
There is an Adonis Fribble in 'Harlequin
and Friar Bacon.'
Fribble, Foplingr. See Battle of
THE Poets.
Fridbergr, Ernest de. The " Prisoner
of State " in E. Stirling's play so named
iq.V.).
Fridolin, Prince. The hero of ' Le Roi
Carotte' {q.v.).
Fried Shots. A burlesque of ' Der
Freischutz' {q.v.), produced at Mitchell's
Olympic, New York, in 1S44.
Friedensfest. A play by Geriiart
Hauptman.n, translated by .Tanet Achurch
and C. E. AV'heeler, and performed, under
the title of ' The Coming of Peace,' at the
Vaudeville Theatre, London, June 10, 1900,
before the members of the Stage Society.
'The Coming of Peace' was published in
the same year.
Friend and Foe. A play by Bartley
' Campbell, performed in U.S.A.
Friend at Court (A). A two-act
\ comedy by J. R. Planchic (7. v.), produced
at the Hayniarket Theatre, London, in 1831,
I with Miss Taylor (Mrs. Walter Lacy) in the
chief female part.
Friend Fritz. A dramatization by
Stanislaus Straxge of Erckmann-Cha-
trian's ' L'Ami Fritz,' first performed at
Herrmann's Theatre, New York, January
26, 1893.
Friend in Need is a Friend Indeed
<A), A comedy by D. O'BRIEN, performed
at the Haymarket Theatre in July, 17S3. —
' A Friend in Need ' is the title of (1) a
musical piece in two acts, from the French,
■words by Prince Hoare, music by Kelly,
performed at Drury Lane in February, 1797 ;
(2) a comedy in two acts, by S. French
and W. J. SORRELL, produced at the St.
James's Theatre, London, in April, 1860 ;
<3) a comedietta by Frank Runciman,
Novelty Theatre. London, April 19, 1897.—
'Friend Indeed ! ' Avas the name given to a
musical entertainment produced at Covent
Gai'den in November, 1817, with Listen,
Emery, Miss Stephens, Miss S. Booth, etc.,
in the cast.
Friend of the Family (The). (1) A
comedy by Henrv Siddons, performed at
the Theatre Royal, Edinburgh, in 1810.
(2) A play by Maurice Drew, performed
in U.S.A.
Friend "Wag-g-les. A farce in one act,
by J. Maddison Morton, first produced at
the Strand Theatre, London, on April 15,
1850, with Compton as Horatio Waggles,
and :Miss Mabel Adams as Mrs. Waggles.
Friendless, Miss, in Gay's 'Dis-
tressed Wife,' marries Lord Co^irtlove {q.v.).
Friendly. (1) Sir John Fi-iendhj is a
character in Vanbrugh's 'Relapse' {q.v.).
(2) Friendly, in Bickerstaff and Foote's
' Dr. Last in his Chariot,' is brother-in-law
to Ailu'ould. (3) Sir Thomas, Lady, Frank,
and Miss Dinah Friendly figure in 3ION-
CRiEFF's 'Bashful Man' {q.v.). {4:) Mrs.
Friendly, in Mrs. Sheridan's 'Dupe ' (g.y.).
is " a great talker." (5) There is a Friendly
in RowE's ' Biter ' {q.v.).
Friends (The). (1) A tragedy by Marc
Antony Meilan (1771). (2) A musical
interlude by Thomas Bellamy, Havmarket,
August, 1789. (3) A comedy-drama by
Alfred D. Parker, St. James's Hall,
Lichfield, February 17, 1887. (4) A comedy
in two acts, by Mary Sey.mour. (5) A play
by E. Milton Royle, performed in U.S.A.
Friends or Foes. A comedy by
Horace Wigan, adapted from Sardou's
' Nos Intimes ' {q.v.), and first performed at
the Olympic Theatre, London, on March
8, 1862, with G. Yining as Mr. Union, W. H.
Stephens as Mr. Meanly, F. Dewar as Dr.
lUaad, F. Charles as Frederick Fervid, Miss
Herl)ert (followed by Miss Kate Terry) as
Mrs. Union, Mrs. F. Matthews as Mrs.
Meanly ; performed in the English provinces
in 1871, with H. Wigan as Union, Miss Sophie
Young as Mrs. Union, T. N. Wenmau as
Meanly, Frank Harvey as Fervid, etc. This
version was performed in America and the
English provinces as 'Bosom Friends.'
Friendship; or, Golding-'s Debt.
A drama by Robert Reece {q.v.), first per-
formed at the Alexandra Theatre, London,
on i\lay 31, 1S73, with T. Swinbourne as
(rolding, and other parts by H. Forrester,
C. Harcourt, and Miss Carlisle.
Friendship a la Mode. See False
Friend.
Friendship in Fashion. A comedy
by Thomas Otway, acted at the Duke's
Theatre in 1678, with Betterton and Smith
as Goodvile and Truman, two "fashionable
friends," the latter of whom intrigues with
the former's wife (Mrs. Barry) ; Mrs. Gibbs
as Victoria, who has been seduced bv Good-
vile ; Mrs. Price as Camilla, who is in love
with Valentine (Harris) ; Underbill as Sir
JSoble Clii7nsey, who marries Victoria; Nell
Gwyn as Lady Squeamish, Jevon as Caper,
and Bovrmsm SiS Saunter ; revived at Drury
Lane in January, 1750.
Friendship Improved; or, The
Female "Warrior. A tragedy in rhymed
verse by Charles Hopkins, performed at
Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1699, with Betterton
I
FRIENDSHIP, LOVE, AND TRUTH 552 FROG HE WOULD A WOOING GO
as Zoilus (Usurper of Sicily), Verbrucroen
as Maherbal (his general), Mrs. Barry as
Semanthe (his wife), Mrs. Bracegirdle as
Locris (his daughter, "the female warrior "),
etc. Locris, who has been brought up as a
man, is in love with Malierhal. The general
discovers her sex, and "his Friendship is
immediately Improved into Love " (Genest).
Friendsliip, Love, and Truth. A
drama in three acts, by Henry Leslie,
Surrey Theatre, London, March 14, 18(58.
Priendship, The Force of. See
Force of Friendship.
Frig-hten'dto Death. A farce in two
acts, by AV. C. Oilton, performed, with
music by T. Cooke, at Drury Lane in
February, 1817. See Phantom.
Frig-htful Hair (The). A burlesque
of Lytton"s 'Rightful Heir' (g.r.), written
byF.'C. BURNAND iq.v.), and first performed
at the Haymarket Theatre, December -26,
1868, with" W. H. Kendal as Vyvyan, H.
Conipton as Sir Grey de Malpas, Weathersby
as Falkner, Buckstone, jun., as Wreckclyfe
("a melodramatic piratical villain, with a
grudge against everybody "), Misa Fanny
(rwynne as Lord Beaufort, and Miss Fanny
Wright as Eveline.
Frilled Petticoats. A comic drama
in two acts, by Lewis Clifton Lyne, Gaiety
Theatre, London, October 28, 1871.
Fring:3 of Society (The). A play in
four acts, adapted from Alexandre Dumas
the younger's ' Le Demi Monde' (Gymnase,
Paris, 1855), and first performed at the
Criterion Theatre, London, April 30, 1S92,
Avith Charles Wyndham as Sir Charles
Hartley (Olivier de Jalis), Cyril as the Duke
of May fair, Mrs. Langtry as Mrs. Josephine
Eve-Ailen, and other parts by Miss Mary
Moore, Miss Ellis Jeffreys, Miss Carlotta
Addison, E. H. Vanderfelt, W. Blakeley,
etc. Mrs. Eve-Allen was played, later in
the " run," by Miss Janette Steer. Another
version of ' Le Demi Monde,' by John
Stetson, was produced at the Union
Square Theatre, New York, on December
27, 1892. See Froth of Society.
Fripon, Count. A swindler in Oding-
SELL's 'Bath Unmasked' {q.v.).
Frippery, Lord. A beau in Oxen-
ford's ' Idols Birthday ' {q.v.).
Friscobaldo, Orlando, father of
Bella front, figures in the second part of
Dekker's ' Honest Whore ' {q.v.).
Frisette. See Box and Cox.
Frissac. The " Barber Baron " in T. J.
Thackeray's farce of that name {q. v.).
Fritellini, Prince. A fop in Audran's
' Mascotte' {q.v.).
Frith, Walter. Dramatic writer ;
author of ' Ensnared ' (an adaptation,
1883), ' In the Olden Time ' (ISSS), ' Brittany
Folk ' (libretto, 1889), ' Locked in ' (libretto,
1889), ' The Home Feud ' (1890), ' The Verger '
(libretto, 1890), 'Moliere' (1891), 'Mid-
summer Dav' (1S92), 'Flight' (1893), 'Her
Advocate ' (1895), ' Not Wiselv but Too
Well ' (1898), • The :SIan of Forty ' (1898).
Fritz. A gardener in E. Stirling's
' Prisoner of State ' {q.v.).
Fritz, Our Cousin German. A
drama in three acts, originally played in
America; revised by Andrew Halliday
{q-v.), and performed at the Adelphi Theatre,
London, on November 30, 1872, with J. K.
Ennnett as Fritz (a Dutch emigrant), A.
Glover as Colonel Crafton (an adventurer).
Miss Marston Leigh as Eatrina (in love with
Fritz), and Miss Hudspeth as Mojjpy (a
drudge). — ' Fritz in Prosperity : ' a play by
Sydney Rosenfeld, first performed at
Binghamton, U.S.A., September 18, 1893;
produced in New York at the Grand Opera
House, October 23, 18S3.— ' Fritz in Love : '
a play by A. D. Hall, first performed at
Elizabeth. New Jersey, March 23, 1896. with
J. K. Emmett, jun., as Fritz ; produced in
New York at Sanford's Theatre, April 13»
1896.
Fritz the Outlaw ; or. The "Wife of
Two Husbands. A melodrama, per-
formed at the Pavilion Theatre, December
17, 1838, with Mrs. AV. West as the Countess
Belfior.
Frivoli. A comic opera in three acts,
libretto by W. Beatty-Kingston, music by
Louis Herv^, first performed at Drurv Lane
Theatre, June 29, 1886, with Mdme! Rose
Ilersee in the title part, and other roles by
H. Nicholls, R. Pateman. Victor Steven.s^
Miss >Larie Tempest, Miss Kate Munroe,
and ]\Iiss Emily Soldene.
Frivolity. A farcical comedy by Mark
Melford, Alexandra Theatre, Liverpool,
August 6, 1SS3.
Frizzle. A character in Burnand's
'Snowed up' {q.v.).
Frocks and Frills. A comedy in four
acts, by SYDNEY Grundy {q.v.), founded on
Scribe and Legouve's ' Les Doigts de Fee,'
and first performed at the Haymarket
Theatre on January 2, 1902, with Cyril
Maude as Sir Richard Kettle, Eric Lewis as
Earl Athelstan, Mrs. C. Calvert as Jjady
Athelstan, Miss Ellis Jeffreys as Lady
Pomeroy, Miss Lottie Venne as ^Irs. Mar-
tinez, and Miss Grace Lane as Olive.
Frodsham, Bridgre. Actor, born at
Frodsham, Cheshire, 1734, died 176S ; entered
Westminster School in 1746 ; joined a com-
pany of actors at Leicester, and afterwards
went to York, where he stayed for the
remainder of his life, becoming a great
local favourite. See Tate Wilkinson's
' Memoirs ' and ' Wandering Patentee.'
Frog- he would a "Wooing: g:o (A).
The title of pantomimes by (1) Oswald
Allen, Marylebone Theatre, London, De-
cember 24, 1875 ; (2) J. A. Cave, Aquarium
Theatre, London, December 22, lb77 ; (3)
Frank Hall, Elephant and Castle Theatre,
London, December 24, 1884.
FROGS
FROU-FROU
Frog-s (The). A comedy by Aristo-
phanes (q.v.), translated into English by C.
Dunster (1S12), J. H. Frere (1839), etc.
Frohman, Daniel. Theatrical entre-
preneur ; became manager of the Maddison
Square Theatre, New York, in 1879, and of
the Lyceum Theatre, in the same city, in
1885.— Charles Frohman became lessee
of the Duke of York's Theatre, London,
in 1897.
Frolic, King". See King Frolic.
Frolic, Sir Frederick, in Etherege's
' Comical Revenge ' {q.v.).
Frolic (The). A farce, intended as a
sequel to 'The Romp' (g.w.), performed at
Dorchester in 1792.
Frolick. A character in Shadwell'S
' Humourist' (q.v.). (2) Miss Frolick Ggures
in Bickkrstaff's ' Absent Man' {q.v.).
Frolick (The). A comedy by Eliza-
beth Polwhele (1671).
Frolics of an Hour (The). A musical
piece in one act, performed at Covent Garden
on June lij, 1795.
Frolicsome Fanny. A farce in three
acts, by Ali'KED C. Calmour, first per-
formed at the Gaiety Theatre, London, on
tlie afternoon of November 25, 1897, with a
cast inchiding Miss Sophie Larkin, Miss
Emily Thome, Miss Nina Boucicault,
Arthur Williams, etc.
Frolique. A burlesque by F. J. Byron
(q.o.)a.m\ H. B. Farnie (^.r.), based upon
Planche's 'Follies of a Night' (q.v.), and
first performed at the Strand Theatre, Lon-
don, on November 18, 1882, with J. S. Clarke
as Pierre Coquillard, and a cast including
F. Mervin, T. P. Haynes, E. Desmonts, F.
Gaillard, Mdlle. Sylvia, and Miss Vere
Ca,rew.— Frolique is the name of a character
in ' Rothomago ' (q.v.).
Frollo, Claude, figures in the various
adaptations and burlesques of Hugo's ' Notre
Dame ' (q.v.).
From Bad to Worse. A play founded
by F. HoLCROFT upon the 'Peor estd, que
Estaba' of Calderon (1805).
From Cross to Crown. A play in
four acts, adapted from Cardinal Wiseman's
novel, ' Fabiola,' by the Rev. Frederick
Oakley, MA., and revised by Clarke
Clay pole, produced at the Royalty Theatre,
Chester, on April 7, 1897 ; performed at the
Surrey Theatre, London, in August, 1898,
under the title of ' The Christian's Cross.'
From Father to Son. A drama,
adapted by Arthur a Beckett and Pal-
(jrave Simpson from the former's novel,
' Fallen among Thieves,' and first performed
at Liverpool, October 2, 1882.
From Grave to G-ay. A comedy in
three acts, adapted by Benjamin Webster,
.inn, from the 'Feu Lionel' of Scribe and
Potron (Fran^ais, Paris, 1858), and produced
at the Olympic Theatre, London, December
4, 1867, with Mrs. Stirling as Lach/ Diver
Kidd, and Miss L. Moore, C. J. Mathews,
H. Wigan, and H. Neville in other parts.
From Gulf to Gulf. A play, in a pro-
logue and four acts, by Henry John Smith
(originally produced in Germany at Bremen
under the title of ' Am Abgrund '), Avenue
Theatre, London, November 29, 1892.
From Inn to Inn. A comic piece in
three acts, translated by James Wild from
' D' Auberge en Auberge,' and printed in 1804.
From Scotland Yard. A drama, in a
prologue and four acts, by John Douglass
and Frank Bateman, Accrington, August
16, 1897 ; Parkhurst Theatre, London,
September 27, 1897.
From Shore to Shore. (1) A drama
by Percy Edwin, Wolverhampton, April
30, 1891. (2) A drama, in prologue and four
acts, by Alfred England and Charles
Rider-Noble, Northampton, June 6, 1892.
From Stem to Stern. A nautical
drama by Frederick Hay, Surrey Theatre,
London, April 15, 1S76.
From Villag-e to Co'irt. A comic
drama in two acts, by J. Maddison MORTON,
first performed at "the Princess's Theatre,
London, on June 5, 1854, with Miss C. Heath
as Rose Walstein.
Front-de-boeuf, Sir Reg-inald,
figures in adaptations of Scott's ' Ivauhoe '
(q.v.).
Frost, Francisco. A nom-de-guerre
of E. L. BLANCHAHD(7.r.).
Frost and Thaw. A farce in two
acts, words by J. G. Holman, music by
Cooke, performed at Covent Garden in
February, 1S12.
Frost of Youth (The). A drama by
John AVilkins (q.v.), produced at the City
of London Theatre in 1856.
Froth. (1) " A foolish gentleman " in
'Measure for Measure' (q.v.). (2) Wife to
Tajnvell in Massinger's ' New Way to Pay
Old Debts' (q.v.). (3) Nicholas Froth is an
innkeeper in 'The Cornish Comedy ' (<7.u.).
(4) Lord and Lady Froth, in Congreve's
' Double Dealer' (q.v.), are devoted re-
spectively to fashion and learning.
Froth of Society (The). An adapta-
tion by Mrs. Frank Leslie of the younger
Dumas' ' Le Demi Monde,' first performed at
Norfolk, Va., March 9. 1893 ; produced in
New York at L'nion Square Theatre, April
24, 1893. See Fringe of Society.
Frou-Frou. A di-ama in five acts, by
Meilhac and Halevy (Gymnase, Paris,
October, 1869), of which the following Eng-
lish adaptations have been produced :— (I)
' Frou-Frou ; or. Fashion and Passion ' (in
five acts), bv Benjamin Webster, jun , at
Brighton on March 14, 1870, with Mdlle.
Beatrice as Gilberte, Mrs. Nye Chart as
FROU-FROU
FRYERS
Louise, H. Sinclair as Henri de Sartorys,
Reginald Moore as Paul de Valreas, Horace
Wigan as Brigard, etc. ; produced at the
St. James's Theatre, London, on April 14,
1870, with Mdlle. Beatrice as before. Miss
Henrade as Louise, J. G. Shore as Be Val-
reas, Barton Hill as De Sartorys, W. Farren
as Brigard, Miss Larkin as the Baroness de
Cambri. (2) ' Frou-Frou : ' a comedy in five
acts, adapted by Augustin Daly, first per-
formed in New York at the Fifth Avenue
Theatre on February 15, 1870, with ]Miss
Agnes Ethel as Gilberte, Miss Kate Newton
as Louise, Mrs. Gilbert as the Baroness,
Miss F. Davenport as Pauline, G. Clarke as
De Sartorys, G. Parkes as De Valreas, W.
Davidge as Brigard, J. Lewis as De Camhri
[this piece was burlesqued in ' Frow-Frow '
Xq.v.y] ; at the St. James's Theatre, London,
on May 25, 1870, with Miss Hazlewood as
Gilberte, Miss Sarah Thorne as Louise, A.
W. Young as the Baron de Cambri, and ]Miss
Larkin, B. Hill, J. G. Shore, and W. Farren
as above ; revived at the same theatre in
March, 1852, with D. H. Harkins as De
Sartorys; on June 3, 1876, with Miss F.
Davenport as Gilberte, Miss G. Drew as
Louise, and M. Barryraore as De Valreas;
at Daly's, New York, October 29, 1881, with
Miss Ada Rehan, Miss Agnes Leonard,
Mrs. G. H. Gilbert, H. M. Pitt, J. Lewis,
and W. J. Lemoyne in the cast. (3) ' Frou-
Frou,' by H. Sutherland Edwards, at
the Olympic Theatre, London, on April 16,
1870, w-ith MissPlessy Mordaunt as Gilberte,
Miss Mattie Reinhardt as Louise, Miss M.
Elsworthy as the Baroness, David Fisher as
Brigard, John Nelson as De Sartorys, and
Charles Warner as De Valreas. (4) ' Butter-
fly' (g.r.), by Mrs. Comyns Carr (1879).
(5) ' Frou-Frou,' by J. Comyns Carr, at
the Princess's Theatre, London, on June
4, 1881, with Mdme. Modjeska as Gilberte,
Miss Ada Ward as Louise, G. W. Anson as
Brigard, Wilson Barrett as De Sartorys,
Forbes Robertson as De Valreas, and E.
Price, Norman Forbes, Miss Eugenie Ed-
wards, Miss Dora Vivian, and Miss M. A.
Giffard in other parts. (6) ' Frou-Frou,' by
Janet Achurch and Charles Charring-
TON, at the Comedy Theatre, Manchester,
December 9, 1886, with INIiss Achurch as
Gilberte, C. Charrington as De Sartorys,
H. V. Esmond as Brigard, etc. (7) 'Frou-
Frou : ' a new version in four acts, first
performed at the Comedy Theatre, Lon-
don, March 17, 1894, with Miss Winifred
Emery as Gilberte, Miss Marie Linden as
Louise, Miss Lena Ashwell as Pauline, Miss
Vane as the Baroness, Brandon Thomas as
De Sartorys, H. B. Irving as De Valreas,
Will Denis as the Baron, and Cyril Maude
as Brigard ; placed in the evening bill on
March 31. — 'Frou-Frou' was performed in
English at the Globe Theatre, London, on
July 26, 1888, with Miss Edith Woodworth
as Gilberte, Miss Sophie Eyre as Louise, W.
Fairen as Brigard, Fred Terry as De Valreas,
H. Neville as De Sartorys, and Miss H.
Lindley as the Baroness; at the St. James'.s
Theatre, on the afternoon of July 10, 1S90,
with H. Neville as De Sartorys, A. Bourchier
as Brigard, Miss G. Kingston as Louise,
Mi.ss Edith Chester as Pauline, and Miss
F. Brough as the Baroness.
Fro"w-Fro"w. A burlesque of Daly's
version of 'Frou-Frou' {q.v.), produced at
Lina Edwin's Theatre, New York, in April,
1870.
Frowde, Philip (died 1738). Author
of two tragedies— ' The Fall of Saguntum'
(1727), and ' Philotas ' (1731).
Frozen Deep (The). (1) A drama by
WiLKlE Collins, first performed, in private,
at Tavistock House, the London residence
of Charles Dickens, on January 6, 1S57, with
Dickens as Richard Wardour, Wilkie Collins
as Frank Aldersley, Mark Lemon as Lieu-
tenant Crayford, etc. ; first performed, in
public, at the Gallery of Illustration, Regent
Street, by the same amateur players, by
command and in presence of the Queen ;
afterwards performed there and in the
provinces with professional actors for the
benefit of the family of Douglas Jerrold ;
produced at the Olympic Theatre, London,
on October 27, 1866, with H. Neville as
Wardour, H. J. Montagu as T^raJiA-, H. Wigan
as Crayford, Miss Lyilia Foote as Clara Ver-
non, and other parts by Dominic Murray,
Mrs. St. Henry, Miss Amy Sheridan, and
Miss Alliston. {*2) An adaptation by Samuel
Charles of Wilkie Collins' novel was firs,,
performed at Waukegan, 111., June 26, 1891.
Frozen Lake (The). An ' operatic
entertainment ' produced at Covent Garden
in November, 1824, with a cast including
Bartley, Keeley, Miss Love, Miss M. Tree,
etc.
Frozen Stream (The) ; or, The
Dead "Witness. A drama in three acts,
by A. Coaths, Britannia Theatre, London,
March 4, 1872.
Frug-al, Sir John and Lady. A mer-
chant and his wife in Massinger's 'City
Madam' {q-v.). Luke Frugal is Sir John^s
brother.
Frugri, in Cumberland's 'Banishment
of Cicero' (q.v.), is beloved by Clodia.
Frutti-Porto. A lieutenant of guerillas
in Farme'S 'Intimidad' {q.v.). — Don Pro-
lixio da Frutti Porto is a character in
Genee's ' Naval Cadets ' {q.v.).
Fryer, Mrs. Peg-. Actress ; appeared
at Lincoln's Inn Fields in January, 1720, as
the Widow Rich in Griffin's ' Half-pay
Officers' {q.v.). She was then, Whincop
says, eighty-five, and had not trodden the
boards since the reign of Charles II. She
seems to have figured on the bills as ' Mrs.
Vandervelt.' See Genest, iii. 36.
Fryers, Austin. Dramatic writer ;
author of ' A Lesson in Acting' (1883), ' An
Old Scapegoat ' (1884), ' Eulalie ' (libretto,
1890), 'Beata' (1892), 'Who is Sylvia?'
(1892), ' Gentle Ivy ' (1894), ' A Burnt Offer-
ing' (with J. M. Fisher, 1894), 'A Human
Sport ' (1S95), ' The Dead Past' (1895), 'The
FUGITIVE
FUNERAL
Japanese Girl ' (libretto, 1897), ' The Radical
Candidate ' (1899), ' Oh 'Liza ' (1S99).
Fugritive (The). (1) A dramatic pas-
toral by Thomas Shrapter, printed in
1790. (2) A musical piece in two acts,
taken partly from O'Keefe's ' Czar,' and
performed at Covent Garden in November,
1790. (3) A comedy by Joseph Richard-
son, performed at the Haymarket Opera
House in April, 1792. (4) A drama in four
acts, by Tom Craven, Barrow-in-Furness,
August 1, 1887.—' The Fugitives :' a comedy
by VV. Roberts, printed in 1791.
Fuimus Troes, the True Trojans.
A play by Jasper Fisher, printed in 1633,
and reprinted in Dodsley's Old Plays. It is
described on the original title-page as " a
story of the Britons' valour at the Romans'
First Invasion ; publicly represented by
the Gentlemen students of Magdalen
College, in Oxford." The author acknow-
ledges his indebtedness to Cpesar's ' Com-
mentaries ' and Geoffrey of Monmouth's
Chronicle.
Fulcinius. A character in Massinger'S
* Roman Actor ' (q.v.).
Fulda, Lud."wig". A German dramatist, !
two of whose plays have been translated j
into English and produced in London,
under the titles of 'The Lost Paradise'
(fj.v.) and ' Once upon a Time ' (q.v.).
Fulgrentio. Minion to Roberto in
Massinger'S 'Maid of Honour' (q.v.).
Fulg-ius and Lucrelle. A play
mentioned by Langliorne, Jacob, Gildon,
Wliincup, and Kirkman in his catalogue
(16«1).
' ' Full fathom five thy father lies."
First line of a song sung by Ariel in act i.
sc. 2 of ' The Tempest."
Full Hand. A play adapted by Mrs.
C. A. Doremus and Miss M. F. Stone
from Jlaurice Ordonneau's 'Les Petites
(iodins,' first performed at the Madison
Square Theatre, Ncav York, January 23,
1894.
Fullawords, Mr. A character in T.
W. Robertson's ' Breach of Promise '
Fuller, Iioie. Actress and dancer ;
born at Chicago ; figured on the stage as
an infant, and afterwards played child-parts
with ' Buffalo Bill,' W. J. Florence, etc.
Later she appeared in her own piece, 'Larks '
(q.v.), and studied singing. Then came
appearances as Little Jack Sheppard at the
Bijou Theatre. Broadway, New York ; in
' The Arabian Nights,' first at Chicago and
afterwards through the States ; as the
American original of Ustane in 'She' (q.v.),
at New York ; and on tour in ' Romeo and
Juliet ' and ' The Lady of Lyons.' Her
debut in England was made at the Globe
Theatre, London, on October 22, 1889, as the
heroine of H. P. Taylor's 'Caprice' (q.v.).
In 1890 she figured as the heroine in ' His
Last Chance ' (q.v.) at the Gaiety. In 1891
she was seen at the Avenue in ' Two or
One 'and 'Zephyr,' at Terry's in 'Charlie'
and ' That Woman in Pink,' at the Opera
Comique in 'Betrayed by a Kiss,' and at
the Gaiety (for a time) as Mercedes in ' Car-
men Up to Date.*
FuUerton, "William. Musical com-
poser, died 1838 ; writer of the score of
' The Miser ' (1884), and ' The Lady of the
Locket ' (1885).
Fulmer, in Cumberland's ' West
Indian' (q.v.), has tried many occupations,
without success. "Here," he says, "I set
up as a bookseller, but men leave off read-
ing ; and if I were to turn butcher, I believe
they'd leave off eating." Compare with
Graves (in Lytton's ' Money '), who says : " If
I had been bred a hatter, little boys would
have come into the world without heads."
Lytton ascribes this "melancholy jest" to
a poor Italian poet.
Fulvia. Wife of the Emperor in D.
Francis's ' Constantine.'
Fulvius, Titus Q,uintus. A cha-
racter in Griffin's 'Gisippus' (q.v.).
Fulwell, Ulpian (born 1556), l)ecame,
in 1586, a commoner of St. Mary's Hall,
Oxford ; was the author of the moral piece
in rhymed verse, entitled '"Like will to
Like " [q. v.], quoth the Devil to the Collier '
(1568).
Fumble, in D'Urfey's ' Fond Husband '
(q.v.), is " an amorous old fellow, so deaf that
he answers quite contrary to what is said
to him."
Fun. A " parodi-tragi-comical satire,"
by Dr. Kenrick, printed in 1752. It is sar-
castic at the expense of Fielding, Hill, and
other contemporary writers.
Fun in a Fog". A farce produced by
the Yokes family at Drury Lane on October
5, 1872 ; revived at the Imperial Theatre in
1878.
Fun on the Bristol ; or, A Nig-ht at
Sea. A musical farce by George Fawcett
RowE, first performed in the United States ;
produced at the Theatre Royal, ^Manchester,
on May 15, 1882 ; brought out at the Olympic
Theatre, London, on August 27, 1882, with
J. F. Sheridan as the Widow O'Brien, Miss
May Livingstone as Bella (a black servant).
E. G. Dunbar, R. Waldron, etc., in other
parts ; revived at the Gaiety Theatre, Lon-
don, in November, 1887, with J. F. Shei'idan,
F. Darrell, Miss E. Yane, Miss L. Harcourt,
etc. A sequel to ' Fun on the Bristol,' written
by F. Lyster and J. F. Sheridan, and en-
titled ' Bridget O'Brien, Esq.,' was produced
at the Opera Comique, London, October 29,
1SS7.
Funeral (The) ; or, G-rief a-la-
Mode. A comedy in five acts, by Sir
Richard Steele, written in the summer
of 1701, and first printed between December
IS and 20 of that year, " as it is acted at the
Theatre Royal in Drury Lane." The music
FUNERAL OF RICHARD, ETC.
556
FURST
to the songs, composed by William Croft,
had been published between December 16
and 18. The day on which the play was
tirst performed is not known ; the original
cast presented Cibber as Lord Hardy,
Pinkethman as Trim (his servant), Wilks as
Campley, Thomas as Lord Brumpton, Mills
as Trusty (his steward^, Johnson as Sable
(an undertaker), Bo wen as Puzzle (a lawyer),
Norris as Mrs. Fardingale, Bullock as Kate
Matchlock, Mrs. Verbruggen as Lady
Brumpton, Mrs. Oldtield as Lady Skarlot,
Mrs. Rogers as Lady Harriot, and Mrs.
Kent as Tattleaid (Lady Brumpton' syvoma.n).
"An old nobleman, Lord Brumpton, be-
lieved to be dead, although he is only in a
fit, is persuaded by his servant TVusty to
continue to feign death, in order to observe
the effect of his loss upon the members of
his household, in particular upon his young
wife, who is by no means unwilling to
become a young widow" (Dobson). Lord
Hardy is son to Lord Brum,pto7i, and in love
with Lady Sharlot, who, like her sister.
Lady Harriot (beloved by Campley) is Lord
Brumpjton' s ward. The comedy was revived
on at least nine occasions between 1739 and
1799. "The plot and the style," says T.
Dibdin, "are unquestionably the author's
OAvn, and the last is so peculiar that nothing
can be more difficult to get by heart "
('History of the Stage'). "The opening
.scene, where Sable arranges his men for the
funeral, has often been quoted, and Thack-
eray and Sydney Smith have left on record
their admiration of its humour. The dia-
logue between Puzzle and his clerk, too, is
excellent, and Forster has called the
character of the widow 'a masterpiece of
comedy.' . . . Hermann Hartmann, in his
'Sir R. Steele als Dramatiker,' says that
the title, 'The Funeral,' is misleading, for
the play has for its main point the contrast
between virtue and vice ; the first repre-
sented by Hardy, Campley, the orphan
ladies, and Trusty ; the second, by Lady
Brumpton and Tattleaid" (G. A. Aitken,
' Life of Steele '). See also ' A Comparison
between the Two Stages ' (1702), Thackeray s
' English Humourists,' Forster's ' Biographi-
cal Essays,' A. Dobson's 'Richard Steele,'
etc.
Funeral of Richard Coeur de Lion
(The). A play by Robert Wilson, Henry
CHETTLE, ANTHONY MUNDAY, and MICHAEL
Drayton, acied in 15'JS.
Funeral Pile (The). See Gallic
Gratitude.
Fung"OSO. Son of Sordido and brother
of Fallace, in Jonson'S ' Every Man out of
his Humour.'
Fung-US. (1) Zacliary Fungus is the
"Commissary" in Foote's play so named
(q.v.). (2) Fungus is valet to Sir George
Squander in Jones's 'Green Man' (q.v.).
(3) Alderman Fungus, in Watts Phillips's
• Paper Wings ' (q-v.), is a bank director.
Funk. The name of a married couple
in Dubois' 'Deeds of Dreadful Note.'
Funnibone's Fix. A farce by Arthur
Williams (q.v.). first performed at the
Surrey Theatre, London, March 27, 1880.
Furibond; or, Harlequin Negro,
A pantomime performed at Drury Lane in
December, 1807, with J. Wallack as the
negro boy. — Furibond is the name of a
character in Planch^'s ' Invisible Prince '
(5-f.).
Furies (TheX (1) A masque performed
at Court about 1624. (2) A tragedy trans-
lated from ^schylus by R. Potter (1777).
Furioso, Bombastes. tee Bombastes
FURIOSO.
Furlong-, Mr. A character in ' Handy
Andy'iq.v.).
Furloug-h, Captain, in Moncrieff's
' Adventures of a Ventriloquist ' (q-v.), is in
love with a Miss Pillbury.
Furnace. Cook to Lady Alhvorth in
Massinger's 'A New AVay to Pay Old
Debts '(ry.y.).
Furness, Horace Howard. Ameri-
can writer; editor of the 'New Vario-
rum Shakespeare,' the issue of which
began in 1871, and which includes ' Romeo
and Juliet,' ' Macbeth,' ' Hamlet,' ' King
Lear,' ' Othello,' ' The Merchant of Venice,'
' As You Like It,' ' The Tempest,' ' A Mid-
summer Night's Dream,' 'The Winter's
Tale,' and ' Love's Labour's Lost.'
Furnish. Maid to Lady Constant in
Murphy's ' Way to Keep Him ' iq.v.).
Furnished Apartments. See Ici on
PARLE Fran^ais. — ' Furnished Rooms : ' a
play by Scott Marble, first performed in
U.S.A.
Furnival, Mr. A lawyer in Albery's
' Two Roses ' \q.v.).
Furnivall, Frederick James. Mis-
cellaneous writer, born 1825; has written
introductions to Gervinus' ' Shakspere
Commentaries ' (1877), ' The Leopold Shak-
spere ' (1877), ' 'The School of Shakspere '
(1878). 'The Royal Shakspere' (1880),
'Shakspere and Holy Writ' (1881), 'The
Double-Text Dallas-type Shakspere ' (1895),
and reprints of the following Shakespeare
plays : • Hamlet,' first and second quartos
(1880), ' Love's Labour's Lost,' first quarto
(1880), 'The Merchant of Venice,' first
quarto (1881), ' King Henry VI., Parts 1 and
2,' third quarto (1886), 'The Taming of the
Shrew.' first quarto (1886), ' The Merchant
of Venice,' second quarto (1SS7). and ' King
John,' first quarto (1888). He has also
edited ' Fre.sh Allusions to Shakspere' (1886),
and has contributed to the transactions of
the New Shakspere Society.
Furst, "WiUiam. American play-
wright ; author of ' Fleur-de-Lis,' ' Fleu-
rette,' ' The Little Trooper.' etc. ; co-author,
wih C. A. Byrne, of 'Princess Nicotine,'
and, Willi W. Gille'te, of an operatic version
1 of 'She.'
FURTADO
GAGER
Purtado, Teresa Elizabeth [Mrs.
John Clarke]. Actress, born ISiS, died
1877 ; made her first api)earance in London
at the Royalty Theatre un February 8, 1864,
as Mercury in Burnand's 'Ixion' (q.v.).
Among characters of which she was after-
wards the first representative were Helen,
in Burnand's burlesque so named (1866),
Fantine and Cosctte in ' The Yellow Pass-
port' (1S6S), Hve in an adaptation from
Augier so named (1869), Rose Fieldinq in
* The Willow Copse ' (1869), Florence Bris-
towe in ' The Prompter's Box ' (1S70),
Esmeralda in Ilalliday's ' Notre Dame '
(1871), Hilda in Halliday's play so named
<1872), and Mabel in Byron's ' .Mabel's Wife '
(1872). She also appeared in London in W.
S. Gilbert's ' Harlequin Cock Robin' (1867),
as the Marquise d'Epimay in ' Narcisse '
(Lyceum, 1868), and as Mabel Fane in
'Masks and Faces' (Olympic, 1869).
Pusbos. Minister of State to Artaxa-
minous in Rhodes's 'Bombastes Furioso'
(q-v.).
Fusile, Lieutenant. A character in
Parry'.s ' P.P.'
Fussle-Bussle. The baillie in T
HiGGlE'.s 'Belphegor the Buffoon.'
Pussleton, Finnikin. A character
in WiLLi.A.MS's ' Cure for the Fidgats ' (q.v.).
Fuz, Sir Toby. A theatrical amateur
in G.vRRiCK's 'Peep behind the Curtain.'
Fuzee. One of the "Bold Dragoons"
in Barnett's opera so-named (q.v.).
Fyles, Franklin. American play-
wright; author of 'Cumberland 61,' 'The
Governor of Kentucky,' ' The Overlook,'
' Three Days,' etc. ; also, with David Belasco,
of ' The Girl I left behind Me ' (1895), and,
with E. W. Presbrey, ' A Ward of France '
(1897).
Gabblewig-. A character in W. T. Mox-
CRlKi-i's ' All at Coventry ' (q.v.).
Gaberlunzie Man (The). A " Scottisli
operatic drama " in two acts, by W. Leman
Reoe, first performed at the Lyceum The-
atre, London, September 26, 1836, with a cast
including Wilson in the title part, O.xberry,
Bannister, Miss Sheriff, Mrs. F. Matthews,
Mrs. Serle, etc.
Gabor, Bethlehena. See Bethlehem
Gabor.
Gabor. An Hungarian in Byron's
* Werner ' (q.v.).
Gabriel, Virg-inia [Mrs. March].
Musical composer, born 1825, died 1877 ;
•wrote the music for ' Widows Bewitched '
<1S67), 'Lost and Found,' 'A Rainy Day,'
' The Shepherd of Cornuailles,' ' Who's the
Heir?' and other operettas.
Gabriel's Plot. A drama, produced at
Richmond, Surrey, April 17, 1871. — ' Ga-
briel's Trust : ' a drama in one act, by
Alfred C. Calmour, Vaudeville Theatre,
London, July 4, 1891, with the author as the
chief character, an old rustic.
Gabriella. An opera in one act, libretto
by C. A. Byrne and Fulvio Fulgonio,
English version by Mo\VBR.iV.Y Marras, St.
George's Hall, London, November 25, 1893
(" copyright performance").
Gabrielle. (1) A play by Emile Augier
(1S49), adapted to the English stage under
the titles of 'The Barrister' (q.v.), '.Eve'
iq.v.), 'Home Truths' (q.v.), and 'What
could She do ?' (?.) A romantic drama in
four acts, by Sydney Hodges, Gaiety The-
atre, London, March 5, 1884. (3) A play
adapted by ErriE Henderson and M.a.-
THiLDE ESTVAN from the French novel,
' Germaine,' and acted at Johnstown, Pa.,
September 22, 1891. See Notasqia.
Gaby. A character in Mayiiew and
Baylis' ' But However' (q.v.).
Gad-about, Mrs., in Gauuicks
' Lying Valet,' is a friend of Gayli'.'^s.—A
Major Gadabout figures in J. M. Morton's
' Kiss and be Friends.'
Gadderley, Lord. A character in
'Fine Feathers' (q.v.).
Gadfly, Gossamer and Edwin Vere.
The "Brothers" in T. E. WiLKS' burletta
of that name (q.v.).
Gadfly (The). A four-act play, adapted
by Edward E. Rose from Mrs. Voynich's
novel of the same name, and originally pi'o-
duced at Providence, R.I., September 11,
1899, by Stuart Robson and company ; first
performed in New York at Wallack's The-
atre, September 18, 1899.
Gaff, Shandy, in T. J. Williams'
' Pipkins' Rustic (or Rural ?) Retreat.'
Gaffer Jarg-e. A "rustic study" in
one act, by Alicia Ramsey, Comedy The-
atre, London, January 11, 1896.
Gag-er, "William. Chancellor of the dio-
cese of Ely; entered Christ Church, Oxford,
in 1574, and is heard of as vicar-general to
Bishop Andrewes so late as 1618. He was
the author of several Latin plays, all per-
formed at Christ Chiu-ch : ' Meleager ' (1581),
'Rivales' (1583), 'Dido' (1583), 'Ulysses
Reilux' (1591-2), and ' CEdipus.' ' Ulysses'
and 'Meleager' were printed in 1592. Meres,
in his ' Palladis Tamia,' speaks of " Dr.
Gager of Oxford " as among " the best poets
GAHAGAN
GALIGAXTUS
for comedy." Anthony a Wood expresses
the opinion that " he ^vas an excellent poet,
especially in the Latin tongue." In 1592-.3
(iager entered into a discussion with Dr.
John Rainolds, of Queen's College, on the
propriety of performing plays in the Uni-
versity. This brought about, in 1599, the
publication by Rainolds of ' Th' Overthrow
of Stage-Playes by the way of controversie
betwixt D. Gager and D. Rainolds, wherein
all the reasons which can be made for them
are notably refuted.' See ' Biographia
Dramatica' and 'Dictionary of National
Biography.'
Gahagan. See Aircastle.
Gaiete. An opera bouffe by Joseph
ELDKEDr and H. Aylen, produced at Shef-
field, October 2t3, 1874.
Gaiety Girl ( A) . A musical comedy-
construction and dialogue by "Owen Hall,"
lyrics by Harry Greenbank, and music by
Sidney Jones, first performed at the Prince
of Wales's Theatre, London, October 14, 1893,
with Miss IMaud Hobson in the title part
(Alma Somerset), Miss Lottie Venue as Lady
Virginia Forest, Miss Decima Moore as Hose
Brierbj, Eric Lewis as Sir Alfred Grey,
Harry Monkhouse as Rev. Montagu Bricrly,
Hayden Coffin as Charles Goldfield, Miss J.
Nesville as Mina, Mrs. E. Phelps as Lady
Grey, and other parts by F. Kaye, L. Brad-
field, L. DOrsay, Miss K. Cutler, Miss L.
Poumls, Miss M. Studholme, and Miss
Violet Robinson. The piece was transferred
from the Prince of Wales's to Daly's on
September 10, 1894, with Rutland Barring-
ton as Brierly (now a doctor), and ^liss
Kate Cutler as Rose. It was produced at
Daly's Theatre, New York, September IS,
1894, and revived at Daly's Theatre, London,
June 5, 1899, with Huntley Wright as Brierly,
Scott Russell as Goldfield, Miss Hilda Moody
as Rose, Miss Studholme as Alma, Miss
Homfrey as Lady Grey, Miss DOrme as
Mina.
Gaiety Theatre. See London The-
atres.
Gain. (1) A drama in three acts, by
Henry Sargent, Elephant and Castle The-
atre, London, June 14, 1880. (2) A drama,
performed at the Theatre Royal, Leeds,
June 29, ISSo.
Gainlove, Lord. A character in ' The
Rose' K<l-v-)'
GainslDoroug-li, Monta. Actress ;
after some exjierience in the provinces, ap-
peared in London, at the Victoria Theatre,
in May, 1872, as Julia in Wigan's ' Rag
Fair.' At the Queen's in 1872 she was the
original boy Ainos in ' Amos Clarke,' and at
the Court in 1873 the first Muriel in Daly-
Besemeres' ' ^Marriage Lines.' At the Opera
Comique she figured in revivals of 'Milky
White' and 'Miriam's CriuTe.' Later she
Avas seen in London as Pauline Deschappelles
(Haymarket, 1873), Rowena in HalUday's
■'Rebecca' (Drury Lane, 1875). Ophelia
(Standard, 1875), and Lady Teazle (Alexandra
Palace, 1875). In the provinces she appeared
as Juliet (1874), Myrrha in ' Sardanapalus '
(1877), Hero in ' Much Ado' (1878), etc.
Gaiters. A character in Selby's ' Bonnie
Fishwife ' (^.r.).
Galatea. (1) A lady attending the
Princess in Bealmont and Fletcher's
'Philaster' (q.v.). (2) A sea-nymph, who
figures in MoTTELx's ' Acis and Galatea'
(q.v.), Gay's 'Acis and Galatea' (q.v.), smd
Blrnand's 'Acis and Galatea* (q.v.). (3)
The heroine in W. Brough's 'Pygmalion'
(q.v.). (4) The animated statue in Gil-
bert's 'Pygmalion and Galatea' (q.v.).
(5) A sculptress in Stephens's 'Galatea'
(q.v.).
Galatea ; or, Pyg-malion Re-
Versed. An extravaganza in one scene,
by H. P. Stephens (q.v.), first performed at
the Gaiety Theatre, London, on the after-
noon of December 26, 1883, with Miss E.
Farren as Galatea, Miss C. Gilchrist as
Myrine, Miss Maud Taylor as Daphne, E.
Terry as Pygmalion, W. Elton as Cyniscos,
E. J. Henley as Chrysos, and Miss Phyllis
Broughton as Leucippe. In this travesty of
Gilbert's ' Pygmalion and Galatea,' Galatea
is the .sculptor and Pygmalion the statue,
whilst Cynisca becomes a man named Cy-
niscos. (2) ' Galatea:' an opera by Victor
Masse, performed (for the first time in
England) at the Prince's Theatre, Bristol,
October 8, 1887. See Beautiful Ga-
latea, Ganymede and Galatea, and Miss
Galatea.
Galatea of Oreg-on, Miss. See Miss
Galatea of Oregon.
Galba tlie Gladiator. A tragedy
adapted by L. S. OUTRAM from Soumet's ' Le
Gladiateur,' and performed at the Windsor
Theatre, New York, in January, 1S87, with
Frederick Ward in the title part. See Fiat
OF THE Gods and Gladiator.
Gale Breezley ; or, The Tale of a
Tar. A drama in two acts, l)y J. B. John-
stone (q.v.), first performed at the Surrey
Theatre, with N. T. Hicks in the title part,
the author as Valentine Basil, and other
characters by Neville, S. Cowell, Mrs. Daly,
Mrs. Vining, etc.
Galer, Elliot John Norman. Voca-
list, theatrical manager, and dramatic
writer ; born 182S, died 1901 ; made his first
metropolitan appearance as a singer at the
St. James's Theatre, October 29, 1853, as
Elvino in ' La Sonnambula.' After a suc-
cessful career as a tenor much in request
both on the stage and on the concert plat-
form, he became proprietor of the Opera
House, Leicester, where he produced his
drama called 'A True Story' (q.v.), which
was afterwards seen at Drury Lane.
Galigantus. A musical entertainment,
based on Brooke's ' Jack the Giant Queller '
(q.v.), printed in 1758, and acted at the
Haymarket (1759) and Drury Lane (1760).
Gaiigantus is the name of the giant whose
wife and daughter fall in love with Jack.
GALLANT MORISCOES
559
GAME AT CHESS
I
Gallant Moriscoes (The); or. Rob-
bers of the Pyrenees. A chama in
prose and verse, printed in 1795.
Gallantry; or, Adventures in
Madrid. A comedy performed at Drury
Lane on January 15, 1820.
Gallathea. A comedy by John Lyly
(q.v.), an early version of vvhicli was, it is
believed, produced at Court in 15S4, the
existing version (which was printed in 1592)
being first performed in 15S8. " The plot,
which involves the disguise of two maidens
[Gallathea and Phillida] as boys, and their
consequent passion for one another, may
have been suggested by an inversion of a
lascivious tale in Ovid [that of Iphis and
lanthe] ; but in the play little is made either
of the pathetic or of the comic side of the
situation. On the other hand, there is some
pretty toying with the fancy of the capture
of Cupid by l^iana's nymphs, who subject
him to a series of penalties in revenge for
his misdeeds" (A. W. Ward). The scene is
in Lincolnshire, on the banks of the Hum-
ber. Among the characters are Tyterus
(the father of Gallathea) and Raffe (a pun-
ning jester). I
Gallery of Illustration. See Ger- j
MAN Reed Entertainment. |
Galley Slave (The); or, The Blind !
Boy and his Dog-. A play by Edwin |
Br-ANCllAKD, performed in New York in
1871. (2) ' The Galley Slave : ' a drama,
in a prologue and five acts, by Bartley
Campbell, first performed in England at
the Theatre Royal, Hull, in November, 1880 ;
produced in London on February S, ISSG,
at the Grand Theatre, Islington, with Luigi
Lablache and Miss Emmerson in the chief
parts.
Galliard, in Mrs. Behn's 'Feigned
Courtezans ' {q.v.\ is in love with, and
marries, Cornelia. (2) Philipjm Galliard
in ' The Legion of Honour ' (</.('.) is a veteran
of a hundred and two, whose son, grandson,
and great-grandson also figure in the drama.
Galliard, John Ernest. Musical
composer, born 1687 (?), died 1749 ; wrote
the score for the following dramatic pieces :
' Calypso and Teleniachus ' (1712), ' Pan
and Syrinx' (1717), 'Jupiter and £m-opa'
(1723), ' The Necromancer ' (1723), ' Harlequin
Sorcerer' (1725), 'Apollo and Daphne' (1726),
' Tlie Rape of Proserpine ' (1727), and ' The
Royal Chase ' (1736).
Gallic Gratitude; or, The French-
man in India. A comedy in two acts,
adapted by J. S. Dodd from Lafont's 'Le
Naufrage,' and first performed at Covent
Garden in April, 1779, with L'Estrange as
Sir Thomas Callico (Governor of Madras),
Miss Leeson as Harriet (his wife), Wewitzer
as La Bronze (his valet), etc. Harriet, ship-
wrecked on an East Indian island, has to
choose a husband. She pretends to be
married to La Bronze, who seeks a husband's
privileges, whereupon Harriet feigns to be
dead, and, according to " the custom of the
country," La Bronze is condemned to be
buried with her. The arrival of >S'i> Thomas
on the scene puts everything right. The
aforesaid custom has been made'the basis
of several pieces. See Bickerstaff's
Burial ; Brown and the Brahmins ;
Illustrious Stranger ; Love in a Blaze ;
and You must be Buried.
Gallipot. An apothecary in Middle-
ton's ' Roaring Girl.'— Gallipots is the royal
physician in Reece's ' Brown and the Brah-
mins ' (,q.v.) — " a cupper who pretends to be
a sorcer-er."
Gallopade (The). See Quadrille,
The.
Galsuinda. The princess in ' Chilperic '
(.q.i:).
Galway g:o Brag-h; or, Love, Fun,
and Fig-hting-. A play by E. Falconer
{q. I'.), adapted from Charles Lever's ' Charles
O'Malley,' and first performed at Drury
Lane on November 25, 1865, with the author
as Mickeii Free and Miss Rose Leclercq as
Lucy Dashu'ood.
Gama, Vasco di, the famous dis-
coverer, figures in Burnand's burlesque of
' L'Africaine ' {q.v.).
Gambia. 'The Slave' in Morton's
play so named {q.v.).
Gambler (The). A play in three acts,
l)y J. W. Boulding {q.v.), produced at the
Royalty Theatre, London, December 5, 1891,
with Leonard Outram, Madame de Naucaze,
and Mrs. Bennett in the leading parts.
Gambler's Fate (The) ; or, A Lapse
of Twenty Years. A play adapted by
Thompson from the French, and first per-
formed at Drury Lane, October 15, 1827,
with a cast including Wallack, Cooper,
ISIiss Pincott, Mrs. W. West, etc.— 'The
CJambler's Fate ; or, The Hut on the Red
^Mountain : ' a drama in three acts, by H. M.
Milner {q.v.). — 'The Gambler's Life in
London : ' a play in three acts, by A. L.
Campbf-;ll, performed at Sadler's Wells.—
' The Gamblers : ' a play brought out at
the Surrey Theatre in January, 1824, and
notable for the fact that a sofa, a table, and
a jug which had figured in connection with
a recent murder, were all exhibited on the
stage in the course of the piece.
Gambold, John. Minister, succes-
sively, of the Church of England and of the
Moravians, died 1771; author of 'The
Martyrdom of Ignatius,' a tragedy, written
in 1740, and printed in 1773.
Game and Game. A dramatic piece
by E. L. Blanchard, produced at the
Olympic Theatre, London, between 1841-4.
Game at Chess (A). A play by Thomas
MiDDLETON, acted at the Globe Theatre in
August, 1624. " In the Induction, Ignatius
Loyola discovers Errour asleep. Errour
had seen in a dream a Game at Chess ready
to be begun. Ignatius expresses his anxiety
to see the Game. After which the play
GAME OF CARDS
GAMESTER
begins. The dramatis personre are the
Chess men. The Whites are Protestants,
the Blacks are Papists. At the conclusion,
the Blacks receive checkmate, and are put
into the bag. This," says Genest, " is rather
a satire divided into acts and scenes, than
a regular play." It was, indeed, "a vigorous
satire not only against the Spanish ambas-
sador [Gondomar], but also against the
Spanish marriage from which the nation
was rejoicing that the Prince of Wales had
escaped, and against Spain and Rome in
general, which had never been more hated
in England than at this moment " (A. W,
Ward). Xo wonder, then, that, after the
piece had been represented on nine succes-
sive days, the ambassador made official com-
plaint against the players, who were duly
called before the Privy Council, and ordered
to cease altogether from performing " until
His Majesty's pleasure be further known."
This, in a few days, was softened down into
a prohibition only against the enacting of
this particular play, which, as the actors
had pointed out, had been duly "seen and
allowed" by the Master of the Revels.
"There seems," says Dr. "Ward, "no reason
for crediting the story that Middleton in
person suffered imprisonment for his author-
ship of this comedy, and that he was released
on sending a humorous rimed petition to
the King." For a full analysis of the play,
see Ward's ' English Dramatic Literature ;'
see, also, Collier's ' English Dramatic Poetry '
(1831-75), Dyce's and Bullen's introductions
to their editions of the play (1S40 and 18^5) ;
and the Shakspere Society's Publications for
1845.
Game of Cards (A). A musical
comedy- drama in three acts, words by
Frank Carlyox, music by George Dixon,
Theatre Royal, Shrewsbury, January 10,
1898. See Quiet Rubber, A.
Game of Ch.ance (A). A play adapted
by Louis Ludovici from the German, and
performed at Xew York in May, 1SS7.
Game of Dominoes (A). A comedy
by R. Reece, tirst performed at Ryde, Isle
of Wight, in August, 1S67.
Game of Life (The). (1) A play by
John Brougham (9 i-.X first performed at
Wallack's Theatre, Xew York, in December,
1S56, with the author as Drake, Lester Wal-
lack as Wolf, and ]\Irs. Brougham as the
Widoiu Joyhell. (2) A melodrama in five
acts, by W. Howell Poole (q.v.), first per-
formed at the Court Theatre, Liverpool, on
AugTist 15, 18S7, with a cast including the
author.
Game of Love (Th.e). A play by John
Brougham (q.v.), produced at Wallack's
Theatre, New York, September 12, 1855,
with the author as Ted Murphxi, Lester
Wallack as Paul Weldon, Placide as Fox-
glove, etc. ; afterwards condensed into 'Flies
m the Web ' {q.v.) (Winter Garden, New
York, 1865).
Gam.e of Romps (A). A farce in one
act, by J. :\L\DDisoN Morton iq.v.), first
performed at the Princess's Theatre, Lon-
don, March 12, 1855, with Harley as Dr.
Rhododendron, and other parts 'by Mrs.
Winstanley, Miss Ternan, Miss Heath, etc. ;
revived at the Olympic Theatre, London, in
1873, with Miss Marion Terry in the cast.
Game of Speculation (The). A co-
medy in three acts, by " Slingsby Lawrence"
(G. H. Lewes), adapted from 'Le Faiseur '
of Balzac, and first performed at the Lyceum
Theatre, London, on October 2, 1851, with
C. J. Mathews as Affable Hawk, Frank
Matthews as Earthicorm, Baker as Pro-
spectus, Roxby as Sir Harry Lester, Mrs.
Horn as Mrs. Hawk, and Miss Oliver as
Julia Haivk. The piece is said to have
been adapted and rehearsed in three days
(see Hollingshead's ' My Lifetime,' i. 65).
It was produced at the Broadway Theatre,
New York, in September, 1857, and revived
at the Gaiety, London, in November, 1S72,
and at the Opera Comique in May, 1S77, in
each case -with Mathews as Affable Hawk.
The original of Hawk (Mercadet) was en-
acted first by Geoffrey and afterwards by
Got.
Gamekeeper (The). A drama in four
acts, by Florence MARRYATand Herbert
Macpherson, Aquarium, Brighton, May 10,
1S9S, M-ith both authors in the ca~t ; The-
atre Royal, Kilburn, March 13, 1S99.— 'The
Gamekeeper's Wife : ' a comedy in one act.
by Archibald and Mrs. Hodgson, Prince
of Wales's Theatre, Southampton, Septem-
ber 22, 1890.
Gam.ester (The). (1) A comedy by
James Shirley, acted at Drury Lane in
1634, and printed in 1637. The popularity
of this play, says A. W. Ward, is probably
to be accounted for by the ingenuity of the
plot, by the striking vivacity of the action,
and by the vigour of the composition. " As
a comedy of manners the play deserves high
praise." At the same time, ' ' few of Shirley's
other dramas are more obnoxious to the
charge of lasciviousness of diction and
general grossness of tone." On that point
see Kingsley's ' Plays and Puritans ' and S. R.
Gardiner's ' History of England.' The piece
was adapted by Charles Johnson in 1711,
under the title of ' The Wife's Relief ' (q.v.).
Garrick afterwards remodelled it, producing
it in 1757 under the name of ' The Gamesters '
(q.v.). See, also. Wife's Stratagem, The.
(2) A comedy by Mrs. Centlivre (q.v.),
adapted from Regnard's 'Le Joueur,' first
performed at Lincoln's Inn Fields on Feb-
ruary 22, 1705, with Yerbruggen in the title
part (Valere), Mrs. Bracegirdle as A7ijelica,
Betterton as Loveicell, Mrs. Barry as Lady
Wealthy, etc. " Young Valere, in'love with
Angelica, repeatedly promises her to leave
off gaming, but breaks his word. At the
conclusion they are reconciled" (Genest).
There were revivals of the comedy in 1709,
1717, 1727, and 1756. (3) A tragedy (mainly
in prose) by Edward Moore (q.v.), first per-
formed at Drury Lane on February 7, 1753,
with Garrick in the title part (Beverley),
Davies as Stukely, Mossop as Lewson, Berry
GAMESTER OF MILAN
561
GANELON
as Jarvis, Mrs. Pritchard as Mrs. Beverley,
and Miss Haughton as Charlotte. " As the
'Gil Bias' of this author had been forced
upon the town several nights after the
strongest public disapprobation of it had
been expressed, it was thought by his
friends that any piece acted under his name
would be treated with vindictive severity.
The Rev. Joseph Spence therefore permitted
it, for the first four nights, to be imputed to
him. Some part of this drama was originally
composed in blank verse, of which several
vestiges remain. We have heard that the
interview between Lewson and StuJcely, in
the fourth act, was the production of Mr.
Garrick's pen" ('Biographia Dramatica')-
'The Gamester' was performed in New
York in 1754, with Rigby as Beverley and
Mrs. Hallam as Mrs. Beverley. It was re-
vived at Drury Lane in 1771, witli Reddish
as Beverley and Mrs. Baddeley as Mm.
Beverley ; at Covent Garden in 1781, with
Henderson as Beverley, Miss Younge as
Mrs. Beverley, and Mrs. Inchbald as Char-
lotte ; at Drury Lane in 1783, with Kemble
as Beverley and Mrs. Siddons as Mrs.
Beverley; at Covent (Jarden in 1786, with
Pope as Beverley and INIrs. Pope as Mrs.
Dcverh'y ; at the same theatre in 1803, with
Kfinhle and Mrs. Siddons as before, Cooke
as Stiikely, and C. Kemble as Leivson ; at
the same theatre in 1814, with Youn^ as
Beverley and Miss O'Neill as Mrs. Beverley;
at Covent Garden in 1836, with C. Kemble
as Beverley and Miss II. Faucit as Mrs.
Beverley; iit Drury Lane in January, 1842,
with Samuel Phelps as Stukely ; at Sadler's
Wells in July, 1845, with Phelps as Beverley ;
at the Marylel)onein 1847, with Mrs. Warner
as Mrs. Beverley ; at Drury Lane in Feb-
ruary, 1861, with C. Kean and his wife as
Beverley and Mrs. Beverley. The play was
adapted to the French stage and produced
at Paris in 1786, under the title of ' Beverley,
ou le Joueur.' Its success, says Dutton
Cook, was most remarkable. "The audience,
we learn, returned to the performance again
and again, notwithstanding les frAmisse-
ments convulsifs they experienced by reason
of the distresses of the story."
Gamester of Milan (The). A play
in three acts, by T. J. Serle (q.v.), first
performed at the Victoria Theatre, Lon-
don, April 21, 1S34, with Abbott in the title
part {Count Ardeschi), Mrs. Fisher as Emma,
and other roles by Miss P. Horton, J.
Webster, Elton, etc. — ' The Gamester of
IVIetz : ' a romantic drama in live acts, by
Charles March, Gaiety Theatre, West
Hartlepool, July 31, 1897.
Gamesters (The). A play adapted by
David Garrick from ' The Gamester' {q.v.)
of Shirley, and first performed at Drury
Lane on December 22, 1757, with Garrick
as Wildiny, Palmer as Hazard, Yates as
Barnacle, ]Miss Macklin as Penelope, and
Mrs. Gibber as Mrs. Wildiny. "Garrick
properly calls his play ' The Gamesters,'
Wilding being as much a gamester as
Hazard."
Gamin de Paris (Le). See Akdy
Blake, Dublin Boy, The, and Little
Scamp, The.
Gam.ine (La). See Good for Nothing.
Gammer Gurton's Needle. A
comedy in five acts, attributed to John
Still, afterwards Bishop of Bath and
Wells {q.v.), and printed in 1575, with the
assertion that it had been performed "not
long ago in Christ's Coliege, Cambridge."
"Suppose that there is only one sewing-
needle in a parish ; that the owner, a
diligent, notable old dame, loses it ; that
a mischief-making wag sets it about that
another old woman has stolen this valuable
instrument of household industry ; that
strict search is made everywhere indoors for
it in vain, and that then the incensed parties
sally forth to scold it out in the open air,
till words end in blows, and the affair is
referred over to the higher authorities, and
we shall have an exact idea (though perhaps
not so lively a one) of what passes in this
authentic document between Gammer Gur-
ton and her gossip Dame Chat, Dickon the
Bedlam (the cause of these harms), Hodge,
Gammer Gurton's servant, Tyb her maid,
Cock her 'prentice boy, Doll, Scapethrift,
Master Baillie his master. Doctor Rat the
curate, and Gib the cat, who may be fairly
reckoned one of the dramatis personce, and
performs no mean part " (Hazlitt).
Gammon. A comedy in three acts,
founded by James Mortimer on ' La
Poudre aux Yeux' of Eugene Labiche and
Edouard ]Martin (Gymnase, Paris, October,
1861), and first performed at the Vaudeville,
London, on the afternoon of July 13, 1882,
with J. F. Young as Humphrey Potts, J.
Maclean as Dr. Sweetman, and E. Price,
J. R. Crauford, W. Lestocq, Mrs. W. Sidney,
Mrs. Leigh, Miss Goldney, and Miss Lydia
Cowell in other parts.
Gammon. The name of characters in
'The Writing on the Wall,' and in Fal-
coner's ' O'Flahertys' {q.v.).
Gamp, Mrs,, figures in the various
adaptations of 'Martin Chuzzlewit' {q.v.).
Gamut, Fiasco di. A tenor in
Farnie's 'Loo' {q.v.).
Ganaches (Les). See Progress.
Gander. The King in Planche's ' Dis-
creet Princess ' {q.v.).
Gander Hall. A farce in two acts, by
Andrew Franklin, performed at the Hay-
market Theatre in August, 1799.
Gandillot, Leon. See Joseph.
Ganelon. A tragedy in blank verse and
four acts, by William Young, produced
with Laurence Barrett in the title part.
Ganelon " is a young French soldier, — a
noble, ardent, impetuous, chivalrous gentle-
man,—whose youth has been clouded, whose
spirit has been embittered, Avhose life has
been violently wrenched from its natural
posture and prospect, by the monstrous and
afflicting disgrace of his father's discovered,
manifest, irrefutable, murderous treason."
20
GAXEM
562
GARDINER
Ganem; or, The Slave of Love.
A burlesque by Frank Talfourd {q.v.),
first performed at the Olympic Theatre,
London, in June, 1852, with Miss Louisa
Howard as Ganem, Miss Fielding as Queen
Zobeide, Miss MaskeU as Fetnah, Shalders
as the Caliph, Sanger as Mesrour, etc. ; pro-
duced at the Broadway Theatre, New York,
in 1S54.
Ganem figures in most dramatizations
of 'The Forty Thieves' {q.v.). See also
Ali Baba.
Gannon, Mary. American actress,
born 1829 ; appeared in Xew York in 1S35,
and in 1837 was seen there as Ladij Fllmnap
in Garrick's ' Gulliver.' In 1S48 she figured
at ^litchell's Olympic as Sarah Blunt in
'Poor Pillicoddy.' Between 1S56 and 1S66
she was a member of the stock company at
Wallack's, enacting, with many other parts,
Gertrude in 'The Little Treasure,' Alice in
' Jessie Brown ' (of which she was the
original), yerissa, Betty in ' The Clandestine
Marriage,' J/ />\ Swansdown in ' Everybody's
Friend,' Madame Auhreym ' The Romance of
a Poor Young Man,' Prue in ' Love for Love,'
Mrs. Lombond in ' The Overland Route,' etc.
See Ireland's 'New York Stage.'
Gant et I'Eventail (Le). See Love's
Telegraph.
Ganymede. (1) A character in Mar-
lowe's 'Dido, Queen of Carthage' {q.v.).
(2) The cupbearer of the gods, in Burnaxd's
' Ixion ' {q.v.).— Sir Beauteous Ganymede
figures in Middletox's 'Roaring Girl'
{q.v.).
Ganymede and Galatea. A comic
opera — libretto adapted from the German,
music by Franz von Suppe — produced at the
Gaiety Theatre, London, on the afternoon
of January 20, 1872, with Miss E. Farren as
Ganymede, Miss C. Loseby as Galatea, F.
Wood as Pygmalion, and F. Sullivan as
Midas. In this piece, the animated statue,
in the absence of Pygmalion, flirts with
Midas and then falls in love with Ganij-
mede.
Garcia; or, The Noble Error. A
tragedy by F. G. Tomlins, first performed
at Sadler's Wells, London, on December 12,
1849, with Phelps as the hero. Miss Glyn as
the Countess of Vigera, and other roles by
H. Marston, Dickinson, Hoskins, etc. The
scene is laid in Spain in the days of the
Inquisition, and the " noble error" of Garcia
consists in slaying a proscribed Morisco to
whom the Countess, Garcia' s mother, has
given shelter, and whose testimony would
put her in the power of " the "dreaded
tribunal." It turns out that the "error"
was unnecessary, for the Crown had inter-
fered to protect the Countess, who ultimately
dies of gi'ief, while Garcia is consigned to a
dungeon.
Garcia. Son of Gonsalez in Coxgreve's
' Mourning Bride ' {q.v.).
Garcon de chez "Very (Le). See
Whitebait at Greexwich.
Garden, Edmund. Actor, bom 1822,
died 1830 ; made his professional debut at
the Grecian Saloon, under Rouse ; after-
wards appeared successively at Covent Gar-
den under Mdrae. Vestris, the Adelphi
under Webster, the Princess's under Harris,
the Lyceum under Fechter (figuring in ' The
Duke's Motto,' etc.), the Olympic under
Vining (playing in ' The Woman in White '),
and the Globe under Montagu (undertaking
original parts in Albery's ' Oriana,' Mar-
shall's ' False Shame,' and Byron's ' Fine
Feathers '). He was also the original Colonel
Mulligan in Boucicault's ' Flving Scud '
(1866).
Garden, Edmund "William. Actor,
born 1845; son of Edmund Garden {q.v.)\
made his first professional appearance in
London at the Olympic Theatre, on October
17, 1870, as Uriah Heep in ' Little Em'ly.' At
this house he was the original representative
of George in Byron's ' Daisy Farm ' (1871).
His other original parts include Sir Archi-
bald Drelincourt in Byron's 'Partners for
Life ' (1871), Chatham Pole in Albery's ' For-
given ' (1872), Daniel Dole in Byron's ' Fine
Feathers ' (1873), Don BoUro in an English
version of ' Girofle Girofl^ ' (1874), Joe Bar-
field in Pinero's ' Girls and Boys ' (1882),
Joe Buzzard in 'In the Ranks' (18S3). Tom
Dossiter in ' The Harbour Lights ' (1885),
Reuben Armstrong in 'The Bells of Hasle-
mere ' (1887), Tom Bassit in ' Hands across
the Sea ' (1SS8), Jesse Pegg in ' The Middle-
man' (1889), William in 'La Cigale ' (1890),
Stodge, M.P., in 'The Babble Shop ' (1893),
etc. Of late years he has figured in the first
casts of ' The Canary ' (1899), ' The Fantas-
tics' (1900), 'Mrs. Dane's Defence' (1900),
and ' The Girl from Kay's ' (1902). He was
the original representative in the provinces
of Talbot Champneys in ' Our Boys ' and
Gibson Greene in ' Married in Haste!'
Garden Party (The). A comedietta
by J. Maddisox Morton, first performed
at the Haymarket Theatre on August 13,
1877, with a cast including Miss Emily
Thome, Miss Maria Harris, Kyrle Bellew",
D. Fisher, jun., and W. J. HiU.— ' A Garden
Party : ' a dramatic sketch by C. S. Chelt-
XAM (5.V.).
Garden Theatre (The). See New
York Theatres.
Gardien (Le). See Fly axd the
Web.
Gardiner, E. W. Actor, died 1899 ;
made his profe.ssional d^but at the Crystal
Palace in 1882. Among the parts ' ' created "
by him were those of 2iarcisse in ' The
Excursion Train ' (1895), George Selby in ' A
Run of Luck ' (1836), Jack Lovel in ' Pleasure '
(1887), Horace Milliken in ' The Don ' (18SS),
the Alcade in ' The Armada ' (1888), Travers
in 'Lord Anerley' (1891), To)nmy Muir in
' Forgivene.-s' (1891)and Viscount Wordshani
in ' Mr. Richards ' (1592). He was also seen
in London as the Rev. J. W. Spooner in ' The
Jilt ' (Prince's, 1886), Gordon Uayne in ' Held
i by the Enemy' (Princess's, 1887). Talbot
GARDNER
563
GARRICK
Champneys in ' Our Boys ' (Criterion, 1S90,
and Vaudeville, 1892), Jesse Pegg in ' The
Middleman' and Juxon Prall in 'Judah'
(Shaftesbury, 1890), Arthur Pemuick in ' The
Girl I left behind me' (Adelphi, 1895), etc.
Gardner, Herbert [Lord Burghclere].
Dramatic writer ; author of ' Our Bitterest
Foe ' (1874), ' Second Thoughts ' (1874), ' Time
will Tell ' (1882), ' Cousin Zackary ' (1883),
' A Night in Snowdon '(1885), ' After Dinner,'
and other pieces,
Gardner, Mrs. [n^e Cheney]. Actress ;
made her London debut at Drury Lane in
1763, as Miss Price in ' Love for Love ' (q.v.),
and was seen there in the following year as
Jtose in 'The Recruiting Officer' (q.v.}. At
the Haymarket between 1765 and 1782 she
figured as the first representative of the fol-
lowing characters in plays by Foote (q-v.) :
—Mrs. Mechlin in ' The Commissary,' Mar-
garet in 'The Devil on Two Sticks,' Mrs.
Circuit in ' The Lame Lover,' Mrs. Matchem
in 'The Nabob,' and Mrs. Cadwallader in
' The Author.' She was also the original
Fanny in ' All in the Right ' (Covent Gar-
den, i766). She was the author of two
play.s — ' The Advertisement ; or, A Bold
Stroke for a Husband ' {q.v.) and * The
Female Dramatist ' (q.v.). See the ' Biogra-
phia Dramatica' and Genest's 'English
Stage.'
Garg-ery, Joe, in the adaptation of
'Great E.xpectations' (q.v.).
Garg-le. An apothecary in Murphy's
'Apprentice' (q.v.).
Garibaldi. An equestrian drama by
Tom Taylor, performed at Astley's Theatre,
London, in October, 1859.— 'The Garibaldi
Excursionists : ' a farce by H. J. Byron
iq.v.), performed at the Princess's Theatre,
London, in November, 1860, with a cast
including H. Widdicomb, Garden, R. Cath-
cart, J. G. Shore, I\Iiss Murray, Mrs. Weston,
Miss Ranoe, Miss R. Leclercq. — ' Garibaldi in
Sicily : ' a musical drama in one act, libretto
by W. Sawyer, performed at the Adelphi
Theatre, London, April 22, 1867.
Garner, Arthur. Actor, born at Bath,
1851 ; was the original representative of Tom
Spirit in Meritt's 'Stolen Kisses' (Amphi-
theatre, Liverpool, November, 1S76). His
first appearance in London was made at the
Globe Theatre on June 25, 1877, as Chandos
Bellingham in ' After Dark ' (q.v.).
Garner, Ben and Michael. Cha-
racters in Byron's ' Dearer than Life' (q.v.).
Garnier, Robert. See Antonius and
Cornelia.
Garotters (The). A one-act play by
W. D. HowELLS, played in England by a
company organized by W. Poel (q.v.).
Garret Ang-el (The). A burletta by
Charles Wehb, Marylebone Theatre, Lon-
don, August 10, 1867.
Garrett O'Mag-h. A comedy in four
acts, by AUGUSTUS Pixou, produced in New
York at the Fourteenth Street Theatre,
January 7, 1901, with Chauncey Olcott in
the title role.
Garrick, David. Actor, theatrical
manager, and dramatic writer ; born at
Hereford, February 19, 1716 ; died in Lon-
don, January 20, 1779; son of Peter Garric,
an army captain (himself the son of David
de la Garrique, a French Huguenot), and of
Arabella Olough, daughter of a vicar in
Lichfield Cathedral, and of Ii'ish extraction.
David Garrick Avas educated in the first
place at Lichfield Grammar School, and his
histrionic tendency was shown in his ap-
pearance, locally, when only eleven years
old, as Sergeant Kite in 'The Recruiting-
Officer.' He Avas in due course sent to his
uncle David at Lisbon, to learn the details
of the wine trade. Returning in 1735, he
re-entered the Lichfield Grammar School,
and, later, became one of the private pupils
of Samuel Johnson, afterwards "the great
Lexicographer." In March, 1736, both
Johnson and Garrick went to London,
where the latter entered at Lincoln's Inn,
with a view to studying for the Bar. About
this time his uncle David died, leaving him
£1000, and then Garrick seems to have gone
to a school at Rochester to complete his
education. By-and-by he joined his brother
Peter in a wine business in Durham Yard,
and it was at this juncture that he made
his first appearance, as an adult amateur,
at Clerkenwell. In April, 1740, his dramatic
piece, ' Lethe,' was produced (in its first
form) at Drury Lane. In the following
year he definitely eschewed commerce, and
began his career as a professional actor,
going to Ipswich as a member of the Good-
man's Fields company, and making his
debut, under the name of " Lyddal," as
Aboan in ' Oroonoko.' Other parts played
by him at Ipswich were Chamont in ' The
Orphan,' Sir Harry Wildair in Farquhar's
sequel to ' The Jubilee,' and Captain Brazen
in ' The Recruiting Officer.' The reception
given to him was so encouraging that he
made an effort to get employment at Drury
Lane and Covent Garden. In this he was
unsuccessful, and he had to fall back upon
an engagement at Goodman's Fields, which,
beginning in October, 1741, lasted tiU May,
1742. Described, mendaciously, as "a
gentleman who never appeared on any
stage," he opened as Richard III., which
was followed by Clodio in ' Love makes a
Man,' Jack Suiatter in ' Pamela ' (his first
original part). Sharp in his own ' Lying
Valet,' Lothario in ' The Fair Penitent,'" the
Ghosc in ' Hamlet,' Fondleivife in ' The Old
Bachelor,' Pearmain in 'The Recruiting
Officer,' Witwould in ' The Way of the
World,' Bayes in 'The Rehearsal' (with
imitations of contemporary actors), Master
Johnny in 'The Schoolboy,' King Lear,
Lord Foppington in ' The Careless Husband,'
Duretete in 'The Inconstant,' and Pierre in
' Venice Preserved.' His success, we are
told, was immediate. He became the
fashion, and was the talk of the toAvn.
Pitt was supposed to have said that he was
GARRICK
564
GARRICK
the best actor that the English stage had
ever produced. Pope declared that he had
no equal and would have no rival. Gray,
on the o'h'^T hand, while acknowledging
his popularity, said he was " of the opposi-
tion," and Horace Walpole asserted that
he saw "nothing wonderful" in Gari-ick's
performances. Quin, speaking for "the
profession," observed that if Garrick's
manner of acting was right, theirs was
wrong. Garrick's first appearance at Drury
Lane — the theatre with which he was
destined to be closely associated for nearly
twenty consecutive years — was made before
he left Goodman's Fields, namely, on May
11, 1742, when he represented Chamont at
a benefit performance. Later in the month
he was seen there in three of his most
notable impersonations. In June he went
to the Smock Alley Theatre, Dublin, where
he appeared for the first time as Hamlet
and as Captain Plume in 'The Recruiting
Officer.' AVe read that the triumph he re-
ceived " exceeded all imagination " (Hitch-
cock). In October he began an engagement
at Drury Lane under tlie management of
Fleetwood. During this season (1742-3) he
played Hastinrjs, Abel Drugger in 'The
Alchemist,' and Archer in 'The Beaux'
Stratagem,' besides "creating" the role of
Millamour in Fielding's 'Wedding Day.'
In January, 1744, he was seen for the first
time as Macbeth in a conscientious revival
of Shakespeare's tragedy. This was fol-
lowed by Lord Townle;/ in 'The Provoked
Husband' and Biron in 'The Fatal Mar-
riage,' with two original parts — Regulus in
Havard's play and Zaphna in ' Mahomet.'
Next season (1744-5) he added to his reper-
tory Sir John Brute in ' The Provoked Wife,'
Scrub in 'The Beaux' Stratagem,' King John,
and Othello. In 1745-6 Garrick was at Dub-
lin, figuring as lago, Faulcorib ridge (' King
John '), and Orestes in ' The Distressed
^Mother.' His first appearance at Covent
Garden was made in May, 1746, as Hotspur,
to which succeeded two new " creations " —
Fribble in his ' Miss in her Teens ' (January,
1747) ax\i\ Ranger in 'The Suspicious Hus-
band ' (February, 1747).
On April 9, 1747, Garrick became partner,
with Willoughby Lacy, in the lesseeship of
Drury Lane, a position which he retained
till 1776, when he sold half of his interest
in the theatre to R. B. Sheridan, Linley,
and Ford, holding the other half till his
death. In the season of 1747-S he was seen
at the Lane as Chorus in ' Henry V.' and as
Jaffier in ' Venice Preserved,' his only "ori-
ginal " part being that of Young Belmont in
'The Foundling.' In 1748-9 he was the
first Demetrius in Johnson's ' Irene,' and
the first Dorilas in Hill's ' Merope,' besides
enacting Benedick. The year 1749 was that
of his marriage to Eva Maria Violetti, a young
dancer who had captivated "the town."
(The union was a happy one, and the lady
lived till 1822.) In January and February,
1750, respectively, Garrick added to his
original parts Edward the Black Prince in
W. Shirley's play, and Horatius in 'The
Roman Father.' September, 1750, witnessed
I his production of ' The Merchant of Venice ''
and of ' Romeo and Juliet,' in which he
! played Borneo. At Christmas, 1750, he pro-
! duced his first pantomime—' Queen Mab.'
{ In 1751 he was the first Gil Bias in E. Moore's-
1 play so named, and the first Alfred in Mallet's
masque thus entitled, besides undertaking
Kitely in his own arrangement of ' Every
Man in his Humour.' Another " original"
part was that of Mercour in Dr. Francis's
' Eugenia ' (1752) ; and in the same year
Garrick was Loveless in a revival of 'Love's
Last Shift.' Three "creations" belong to
11 b^— Beverley in IMoore's 'Gamester' (in,
which he made a deep impression), Deme-
trius in Youngs 'Brothers,' and Dumnorix
in Glover's ' Boadicea.' Garrick's still
popular adaptation, ' Katherine and Pe-
truchio,' was first performed in March,
1754— the year which saw the production
of Crisp's 'Virginia' and Whitehead's
' Creusa,' in which Garrick was respectively
the Virginius and the Aletes. In the same
year came his adaptation of ' The Chances '
(q.v.), in which he played Don John; hi*
revival of ' Coriolanus ;' and his production
of Brown's ' Barbarossa,' in which he had
the title part. In 1755 he brought out
his adaptation of ' A Midsummer Night's
Dream ' called ' The Fairies' (5. u.). Of 1756
the chief incidents were his production of
' The Winter's Tale ' (adapted by himself,
and Mith himself as Leontes) ; his revival of
' The Tempest ' (an amalgam of Shakespeare
and Dryden); his revival of 'Lear' {q.v.);
the production of his Lilliput (q.v.); his
appearance as Don Felix in ' The Wonder ; ''
and his "creations" of Athelstan in Dr.
Browne's tragedy and of Lord Chalkstone-
in his own 'Lethe.' In 1757 he produced
his 'Modern Fine Gentleman ' (afterwards-
called ' The Male Coquette '), and appeared
as Biron in his alteration of Southerne's
' Fatal Marriage ' and as Wilding in his
adaptation of Shirley's 'Gamester.' He
next figured as the " original" Lysander in
' Agis,' and Pamphlet in ' The Upholsterer,'
enacting also the King in ' Henry IV., Pt.
II.,' Antony in an abridgment of Shake-
speare's tragedy, and Marplot in ' The Busy-
body.' In 1759 he played Heartly in his
adaptation of ' The Guardian,' and produced
both 'High Life below Stairs' {q.v.) and his
own pantomime, ' Harlequin's Invasion.'
Among his "original" parts at this time
were Lovernore in ' The Way to Keep him'
(1760), and Oakley in 'The Jealous Wife*
(1761); among his "standard" roles, Mer-
cutio, and Posthumus in his adaptation of
'CymbeUne' (1761). He was the first Sir
John Dorilant in 'The School for Lovers'
and the fivst Farmer in his own 'Farmer's
Return from London '—both in 1762. Early
in 1763 he "created" Alonzo in Mallet's
' Elvira ' and Sir Anthony Branville in Mrs.
Sheridan's ' Discovery.' In March he was
seen as Sciolto in ' The Fair Penitent.' From
that date onward he essayed no new part.
In September, 1763, Garrick and his wife
undertook (for the latter's health) a tour
of the Continent, which included Paris,
Turin, Rome, Naples, Parma, Venice,
1
GARRICK
565
GARRICK
Munich, Spa, and Paris a second time, and
did not conclude till April, 1765. Every-
where he was lionized and feted. He re-
sumed direct control at Drury Lane in
September, 1765, producing ' The Clande-
stine Marriage' (by himself and Colman) in
the folloAving February, and his ' Country
Girl ' (adapted from Wycherley) in the fol-
lowing October. His ' Cymon ' (adapted
from Dryden), his ' Linco's Travels,' and his
•'Peep behind the Curtain' belong respec-
tively to January, April, October, 1767 ;
his production of Kelly's 'False Delicacy'
and Bickerstaff' s ' Padlock ' to January and
to October, 176S, respectively. The'yeir
1769 is notable as that in which Garrick
organized and conducted the Shakespeare
Jubilee entertainments at Stratford-on-
Avon (September 6, 7, and 8) — an enter-
prise which aroused rather more criticism
and persiflage, especially on the part of
Foote, than sympathy and commendation.
Nothing daunted, the actor-manager put
the entertainments in a compressed form
upon the boards of Drury Lane under the
title of 'The Jubilee ' (October, 1769). This
was a great popular success, running to
nearly a hundred representations — much,
we are assured, to the disgust of Foote. In
the .same year Garrick published his ' Odo
upon dedicating a Buihling and erecting
a Statue to Shakespeare at Stratford- on-
Avon.' December, 1770, was marked by the
production of an adaptation by Garrick of
Dryden's ' King Arthur.' To 1771 belongs
<larrick's 'Institution of the Garter'(founded
on a poem by Gilbert West). In 1772 Garrick
brought out his 'Irish Widow' and his
arrangement of ' Hamlet.' His ' Bon Ton ;
or. High Life above Stairs' came out in
1775. This was the last of his dramatic
pieces. His career was now drawing to a
close. Between January and Juno, 1776,
he reappeared in many of his old successes,
ending with Don Felix in ' The Wonder ' on
June 10. This was his last appearance
on the stage. " After the play was over,"
says Genest, " Garrick took leave of the
public in a pro.se address, and, bowing re-
spectfully to all parts of the house, with-
drew." The profits of the performance were
handed to the Theatrical Fund. After this,
Garrick's contributions to the stage were
■confined to an occasional prologue or epi-
logue—a form of composition in which he
was an adept. He continued to the end to
take an active interest in the fortunes of
Drury Lane as controlled by Sheridan. At
Christmas, 1778, he fell ill at Althorpe Avith
gout and stone, and was taken home to
Adelphi Terrace, London, where he died
early in the following month. He was
buried on February 1 in Westminster
Abbey, five peers being among the pall-
bearers, and Burke, Fox, and Johnson
among the mourners.
In addition to the original pieces and
the adaptations named above, Garrick is
credited with the authorship of ' The En-
chanter' (1760), ' Neck or Nothing ' (1766),
' A Christmas Tale ' (177H), ' May Day ' (1775),
"The Theatrical Candidates' (1775), etc.
His ' Dramatic Works,' containing sixteen
plays, appeared in 1763 and 1798 ; his
' Poetical Works ' in 1785. For biography,
see the Lives by Davies (1780), Murphy
(1801), Percy Fitzgerald (1868), and Joseph
Knight (1894) ; the ' Biographia Dramatica'
(1812); the 'Garrick Correspondence' with
Boaden's memoir (1831-2) ; the memoir by
Austin Dobson in ' Actors and Actresses
of Great Britain and the United States'
(1886) ; Genest's ' English Stage ' (1832),
Hitchcock's 'Irish Stage* (1788), Lowe's
' English Theatrical Literature ' (1888).
Churchill wrote in ' The Rosciad ' (1761)—
"If manly sense, if nature link'd with art ;
If thorough knowledge of the human heart;
If powers of acting vast and unconfin'd ;
If fewest faults with greatest beauties join'd ;
If strong expression, and great powers which lie
AVitliin the magic cu-cle of the eye ;
If feelings which few hearts like his can know.
And which no face so well as his can show.
Deserve the preference : Garrick, take the chair,
Nor quit it till thou place an equal there."
Goldsmith's mock epitaph on Garrick, in
* Retaliation ' (1774), is well known—
" Here lies David Garrick, describe me who can,
An abridgment of all that was pleasant in man ;
As an actor, confest without rival to shine ;
As a wit, if not first, in the very first line ;
Yet, with talents like these, and an excellent heart,
The man had his failings, a dupe to his art. . . .
On the stage he was natural, simple, affecting ;
'Twas only that when he was ofT he was acting . . .
Of praise a mere glutton, he swallowed what came.
And the puff of a dunce he mistook it for fame.
Till his relisli grown callous, almost to disease.
Who peppered the highest was surest to please."
In 1776 Hannah More wrote of Garrick :
"To the most eloquent expression of the
eye, to the handwriting of the passions on
his features, to a sensibility which tears
to pieces the hearts of his auditors, to
powers so unparalleled, he adds a judgment
of the most exquisite accuracy, the fruit of
long experience and close observation, by
which he preserves every gradation and
transition of the passions, keeping all
under the control of a just dependence and
natural consistency." Immediately after
Garrick's death, Burke wrote for him an
epitaph (which was not. however, used) in
which he declared that the great actor had
" raised the character of his profession to
the rank of a liberal art." Sheridan, in the
course of a ' Monody' on Garrick, delivered
at Drury Lane in 1779, -wrote—
" Where is the best memorial that ensures
Our Garrick's fame? — whose is the trust? — 'T\3 yours
And 0, by every charm his art essav'd
To soothe your cares ! — by every grief allay'd !
By the hushed wonder which his accents drew t
By his last parting tear, repaid by you ! . . .
Still in your hearts' dear record bear his name ;
Cherish the keen re-ret that lifts his fame."
In his 'Lives of the Poets' (1779) John-
son said that the death of Garrick had
"eclipsed the gaiety of nations, and im-
poverished the public stock of harmless
pleasure "—an utterance inscribed on Gar-
rick's monument at Lichfield. Horace Wal-
pole, writing in 1779 to Lady Ossory, said,
" Garrick was a real genius in his way,
and, I believe, was never equalled in both
GARRICK FEVER
GASCON
tragedy and comedy. . . . His Lear, Richard,
Hotspur, Kitely, and Ranger were as capital
and perfect as action could be. In declama-
tion I confess he never charmed me ; nor
could he be a gentleman ; his Lord Town-
ley and Lord Hastings Avere mean, but
then, too, the parts are indifferent. . . .
What stuff was his Jubilee Ode ! and how
paltry his prologues and epilogues ! " Kitty
Clive once said of Garrick, admiringly, that
he "could act a gridiron!" John Taylor,
writing of Mrs. Siddons, says, "I told her
that Mr. Sheridan had declared Garrick's
Richard to be very fine, but did not think it
terrible enough. ' God bless me ! ' said she,
' what could have been more terrible ? ' . . ,
She expressed her regret that she had only
seen him in two characters, except when
she acted Lady Anne to him, — and those
characters were Lear and Ranger ; that
his Lear was tremendous, and his Ranger
delightful" ('Records of My Life')- For
further criticism and anecdote, see Bos-
well's 'Johnson,' Colman, jun.'s 'Random
Records,' Davies' ' Miscellanies,' Fielding's
' Joseph Andrews ' [Partridge at the play],
Forster's ' Goldsmith,' Lichtenberg in
' Longman's Magazine ' (August, 1885),
O'Keef e's ' Recollections,' Rogers's ' Table
Talk,' etc.
Garrick has been the principal figure in
several dramatic pieces :— (1) ' Garrick in
the Shades ; or, A Peep into Elsyium : ' a
farce, printed in 1779. (2) 'The Garrick
Fever : ' a play by J. R. Planch^, adapted
from the French, and produced at the
Olympic Theatre, London, in April, 1S39,
with characters by Brougham, T. Green,
Mrs. Macnamara, Miss Goward, etc. (3)
' David Garrick' {q.v.), by T. W. ROBERT.SO.N
(1864).c=(4) 'Doctor Davey' {q.v.), (188(5).
(5) ' Garrick ; or. Acting in Earnest : ' a
comedy-drama in three acts, by A. G. Daly,
Princess's Theatre, Edinburgh, August 22,
1874. (6) 'Garrick:' a three-act comedy,
by W. MuSKERRY, Strand Theatre, London,
August 9, 1886, with E. Compton as Garrick,
and other parts by Mrs. Cumpton, Lewis
Ball, and Sidney Valentine. (7) ' Garrick's
Sacrifice:' a play in three acts, by Frank
LiNDO and Young Charles, Spa Theatre,
Harrogate, September 9, 1897. Garrick is
also one of the dramatis 2}e>'sonai in Bu-
chanan's 'Dick Sheridan' (q.v.), and in
Augustus Thomas's ' Oliver Goldsmith '
(q.v.).
Garrick Fever (The). See Garrick,
David.
G-arrick in the Shades. See Gar-
rick, David.
Garrick Theatre. See London The-
atres.
Garrick's Sacrifice. See Garrick,
David.
Garryowen ; or, The Belles of the
Shannon. A drama in four acts, by J.
Levey, Victoria Theatre, London, May 21,
1S77.
Garter, The Order of the. See L\-
STITUTION OF THE ORDER OF THE GaKTER.
Garthorne, Charles "Warlhouse
[real name, Grimston]. Actor, died Feb-
ruary, 1900 ; made liis professional debut at
the Theatre Royal, Edinburgh, in December,
1869, as Adolphus in 'The Bachelor of Arts,'
and his first appearance in London at the
Vaudeville Theatre on April 16, 1870, aa the
original Tom Duncombe in Halliday's ' For
Love or Money.' He was also in the first
cast of ' L. S. D.' (Royalty, 1872), and was
afterwards engaged successively at the
Olympic, Opera Comique, and Vaudeville
Theatres (1875). At the last-named he was
the original Lord Aspland in Byron's ' The
Girls ' (1879). At the Haymarket in 1881 he
was Dupoulet in 'Gibraltar' (q.v.), at the
Vaudeville in 1889 Major Dashwood in ' The
Old Home' (q.v.), at the same theatre in
1891 John Baldiuin in 'A Gay Widower'
(q.v.), and at the Shaftesbury in 1892 Wolf
Aylward in ' The Maelstrom.' He was also
seen as Jack Poyntz in '.School' (Garrick,
1891). He sustained a large number of
parts on tour in the provinces.
Gascoig-ne, George. Poet, dramatist,
and miscellaneous Avriter, born 1577 ; son of
Sir John Gascoigne of Cardington, Bedford-
shire ; studied at Trinity College. Cam-
bridge, and afterwards entered the Middle
Temple and Gray's Inn, where he presented
in 1566 his prose adaptation from Ariosto,
' The Supposes ' (q.v.), and likewise his
' Jocasta' (q.v.), an adaptation from Euri-
pides, of which F. Kinwelmersh wrote
acts i. and iv. These were both reproduced
in 'The Posies of George Gascoigne' in
1575, in which year he also published 'A
Glass of Government,' a ' tragical comedy '
chiefly in prose. In 1575, also, Gascoigne,
at Leicester's request, wrote masques for
the entertainment of Queen Elizabeth;
these were published in 1576 in ' The
Princely Pleasures at the Court of Kenil-
worth ' (reprinted 1821). Gascoigne's works
were collected by Abel Jeffes in 1587, and
by W. C. Hazlitt (with a memoir) in 1868-9.
See Whetstone's ' Remembrance of the
Well-employed Life and Godly End of
George Gascoigne' (1577); also the re-
ferences to him in Webbe's ' Discourse * and
Puttenham's ' Art ' of English Poetry ; also
the ' Athense ' of Wood and of Cooper,
Warton's ' English Poetry,' Collier's
' Dramatic Poetry,' Symonds's ' Shakspere's
Predecessors,' etc.
Gascoig-ne, Henry. Actor, play-
wright, and theatrical manager ; lessee of
the Marylebone Theatre from 1886 to 1893 :
author of ' Denounced,' a drama ; best re-
membered as a player by his Richard 111.,
Mephistopheles in ' Faust,' and Wilfred
Denver in ' The Silver King.'
Gascon (The) ; or, Love and
Lioyalty. A romantic drama in six:
tableaux, adapted by W. Muskerry (q.v.y
from the French of T. Barri^re and L. Davyl
(Ga'iete, Paris, 1873), and first performed at
the Olvmpic Theatre, London, on February
21, 1876, with H. Neville in the title part
(Chevalier Artaban de Puycerdac), W. H.
GASCONADE
GAY DECEIVERS
Fisher as Chastelard (the poet), Lytton
Sothern as Lord Henry Darnley, Mrs.
Roiisby as Queen Mary, Miss Fanny Josephs
as Mary Carmichael, Mrs. Stephens as Dame
Brigitta, etc.
Gasconade, Captain, in 'The Mys-
terious Stranger.'
Gasconado the Great. A "tragi-
comi-political-whimsical " opera, written by
Jamks Worsdalk, the painter; printed in
in 1759, and intended as a travesty of French
politics during the war of 1758. Gasconado
the Great represented the King of France.
Gasman (The) ; or, Fig-ht ag-ainst
Fate. A drama in three acts, by Hf:nry
Bradford, Oriental Theatre, London, April
14, IbYs.
Gaspar. The " Bastard " in Manuche's
play so named (1652).
Gaspard. The miser in Plaxquette's
' Cloches do Corneville' (^.i'.).
Gaspardo the Gondolier. A drama
in three acts, by George Almar, first per-
formed at the Surrey Theatre, London, July
2, 1S38, with Warde as Gaspardo, and other
parts by E. F. Savile, Mrs. H. Vining, etc. ;
produced in New York in the same year.
Gasparo. A rich heir, city-bred, in
Massinger's 'Maid of Honour.'
Gasper. (1) The name assumed by Ca-
millo Fcrneze in JONSON's ' Case is Altered '
(^.r.). (2) A character in Mrs. Cowley's
' Bold Stroke for a Husband' {q.v.).
Gassitt, Bob. A character in H. J.
Byron's ' Dearer than Life ' {q.v.).
Gaston Codal. A play adapted from
tlie French l)y Celia Lo(iAN, and performed
at Boston, U.S.A., in lb87-8.
Gatherwool, Mr. See Out of Sight
Out OF Mind.
Gattie, A. W. See Honourable
MEMiitR, The.
Gattie, Henry. Vocalist and actor,
born near Bath, 1774; died 1844; was
apprenticed to wig-making, but, being
musically inclined, drifted on to the local
stage, first of all in " singing parts," after-
wards as the representative of old men,
Frenchmen, and so forth. " He played
second to Lovegrove, and that gentleman's
interference got him an offer from the
metropolis." His London debut was made
at the Lyceum, in July, 1813, when he
represented La Fosse in the first perform-
ances of 'M. P. ; or, the Blue Stocking' (^.r.).
In the following September he began a con-
nection with Drury Lane which lasted for
twenty years. He opened as Moses in ' The
School for Scandal,' which was followed in
October by Vortex in ' A Cure for the
Heartache.' ' The Maid and the Magpie '
was produced at the Lyceum in 1815, and
Hazlitt wrote that " Mr. Gattie played the
' Justice of the Peace ' with good emphasis
and discretion. His humour, if not exceed-
ingly powerful, is always natural and easy."
In September, 1821, at Drury Lane, he was
the OYifdna.1 Mon^siear Morbleu in Moncrieff 's
'Monsieur Tonson' (q.v.). After 1833 he
settled down to shop-keeping at Oxford.
See Oxberry's 'Dramatic Biography' and
Genest's ' English Stage.'
Gaulantus. A tragedy bv Bannister,
first performed at the Franklin Theatre,
New York, February 9, 1839.
Gauntlet (A). A play in three acts,
translated by Osman Edwardes from the
Norwegian of Bjornstjerne Bjornson, adapted
by G. P. Hawtrey, and first performed at
the Royalty Theatre, London, on .January
20, 1894, with Miss Annie Rose as Svava,
Miss L. Moodie as Mrs. Eies, W. G. Elliot as
Pues, Miss Katherine Stewart as 3[rs. Chris-
tensen, G. P. Hawtrey as Christensen, Gaston
Mervale as Alf Christeyisen, and A. Bucklaw
as Hof. O. Edwardes published his trans-
lation in 1894.
Gaveston. A character in Marlowe's
' Edward the Second ' (q.v.).
Gavot. A music-master in Congreve's
' Old Bachelor ' (q.v.).
Gavotte (The). A comedietta, adapted
by Minnie Bell from the French, Steinway
Hall, London, April 1, 1890.
Gawky, Jacob, in Sophia Lee's
' Chapter of Accidents ' (q.v.).
Gay Cadets (The). A musical comedy,
written by N. Prescott, J. Thomson, etc.,
composed by Basil Davies and others, pro-
duced at Birmingham, January, 1901, with
Miss P. Rankin as Cara Luna; Fulham
Theatre, London, March 31, 1902, with Miss
Decima Moore a.s Liiiia. — ' A Gay Cavalier : '
an operetta in one act, words bv Ernest
CiTHBERT, music by A. A. Nicholson, The-
atre Royal, Manchester, September 15, 1879,
with Miss Lucy Franklein as Catherine.—
' The Gay Chaperon : ' a comedy in three
acts, by Shirley Howlett, Bootle, Novem-
ber 22, 1894.
Gay City (A). A farce produced at the
Royalty Theatre, London, June 12, 1871.—
' The Gay City : ' a farcical comedy by G. R.
Sims (g. I'.), first performed at the "Theatre
Royal, Nottingham, on September 8, 1881,
with Lionel Rignold as Zachariah Wiffin,
Ramsey Danvers as Augustits Green, Charles
Majilton as Hyacinthe, and Miss Louisa
Crecy as Eulalie ; afterwards converted into
a musical piece under the title of ' Skipped
By the Light of the Moon ' (q.v.).
Gay Deceivers (The). A musical farce
in two acts, taken by G. Colman, jun., from
' Les Evt^nemens Imprevus,' and performed
at the Haymarket in July, 1S04.— There have
been several dramatic pieces entitled ' A
Gay Deceiver : ' (1) a farcical comedy in
three acts, by James Mortimer, adapted
from Sardou's 'La Papillonne,' and first
performed at the Royalty Theatre, Lon-
don, on February 3, 1879, with a cast in-
cluding Miss Emily Fowler, J. Billington,
GAY GRISETTE
568
C.AYTHORXE
and Leonard Boyne. See Butterfly
Fever. (2) An adaptation by Charles T.
Vi>'CENT of 'Le Voyage d'Agrement,' first
performed at Hooley's Theatre, Chicago,
November 29, 1891. See Fourteen Days.
(3) A three-act farcical comedy, by Paul
WiLSTACH and Joseph Grismer, Amphion
Theatre, Brooklyn, New York, January 24,
1898 ; Harlem Opera House, New York,
February 21, 1S9S.
Gay Grisette (The). A musical
comedy in two acts, words by George
Dance, music by Carl Kiefert, first per-
formed at the Theatre Royal, Bradford, on
August 1, 1S9S ; produced at Camberwell,
London, December 5, 1S93.
Gay Husband (A). A play in three
acts, translated from the ' Julie ' of Octave
Feuillet, and first performed at Eastbourne
on May 31, 1886, with Miss J. Achurch as
Clemence de Fauvry ; produced at the Cri-
terion Theatre, London, on the afternoon
of June 15, 1SS6, with Miss Achurch in her
original part.
Gay Lord Q,uex (The). A comedy in
four acts, by Arthur W. Pinero, first per-
formed at the Globe Theatre, London, on
April 8, 1899, with John Hare as the Marquis
of Quex, Gilbert Hare as Sir Chichester
Fraijne, C. Cherry as Captain Bantling, F.
Gillmore as " Valma" {Frank Pollitt), Miss
Fortescue as the Duchess of Stroud, Miss
Fanny Coleman as the Countess ofOwbridje,
Miss M. K. Oram as Mrs. Jack Eden, :Miss
Mabel Terry-Lewis as Muriel Eden, and
Miss Irene Vanbrugh as Sophie Fulljarney ;
first performed in America at the Criterion
Theatre, New York, November 12, 1900 ;
revived at the Duke of York's Theatre,
London, May. 1902, with J. Hare, G. Hare,
Miss Fortescue, Miss Coleman, Miss Oram,
and Miss Vanbrugh as before ; played in
the English provinces in the autumn of
1902, with J. Ha;x5 and Miss Fortescue as
before, and Miss Mona K. Oram as Sophie ;
also represented in the provinces with
Maurice Mancini as the gay lord and Miss
Eily Malyon as Sophie.
Gay Lothario (A). A comedietta by
Alfred C. Calmour (q.v.), first performed
at tlie St. James's Theatre, London, January
31, 1891, with George Alexander, Ben Web
ster. Miss Laura Graves, and Miss Maud
Millett in the cast.
Gay Musketeers (The) ; or, All for
Number One. A burlesque by Joseph
Eldred and Harry Paulton, Prince of
AVales's Theatre, Liverpool, April 18, 1870.
Gay Parisians (The). A farce adapted
from ' L'Hotel du Libre Echange' of
Georges Fevdeau and Maurice Desvallieres
(Theatre des Nouveautes, Paris, 1S94), and
first performed at the Star Theatre, Buffalo,
September 19, 1895 ; Hoyt's Theatre, New
York, September 23, 1395. See Night
Out, a.
Gay Parisienne (The). A musical
comedy in two acts, words by George
Dance, music by Ernest Vausden, first per-
formed at the Opera House, Northaiupton,
October 1, 1894 ; first performed in London
(with music by Ivan Caryll) at the Elephant
and Castle Theatre, March 23, 1896, with
Miss Nellie Murray in the title part (Julie
Bon Bun), G. P. Huntley as Ebenezer Honey-
comb, Mdme. Alice Barth as Mrs. Honey-
comb, F. Mervin as Major Fossdyke, and E.
Lewis as Auguste Pompier; produced at
the Duke of York's Theatre, London, on
April 4, 1896, with Lionel Rignold as Honey-
comb, Miss Lily Belmore as Mrs. Honeycomb,
Miss V. Robinson as Nora, W. H. Denny
as Major Fossdyke, Edgar Stevens as Tom
Everleigh, Miss Louie Freear as Buth, Frank
Wheeler as Auguste, and Miss Ada Reeve
as Julie ; produced in New York, at the
Herald Square Theatre, as ' The Girl from
Paris' (q.v.); afterwards revived there at
Wallace's Theatre.
Gay Pretenders (The). A comic
opera in two acts, words by George Gros-
SMITH, jun., music by Claude Nugent, first
produced at the Globe Theatre, London,
November 10, 1900, with John Coates and
George Grossmith in the title parts (Per-
kin H'arbeck and Lambert Siniivd). R.
Temple as Henry VII., G. Grossmith, jun.,
as Prince Harry, F. Wyatt as Earl of
Oxford, and other parts by Miss Jeanne
Douste, ]Miss A. Delaporte, Miss A. Astor,
and Miss Letty Lind {Clotilde).
Gay Soubrette (The). A three-act
musical farce, words and music by ToNY
Stanford, Academy of Music, Rochester,
New York, January 10, 1898.
Gay "Widow (A). An adaptation in
three acts, by F. C. Burnand {q.v.), of Sar-
dou and Deslandes' farcical comedy, ' Belle-
Maman,' produced at the Court Theatre,
London, on October 20, 1894, with Miss
Lottie Venne in the title part {Mrs. Mar-
brook), Charles Hawtrey as Horace Dudley,
Miss Eva Moore as Mrs. Dudlei/, and other
roles by E. Righton, Gilbert Hare, F.
Thorne, etc.
Gay Widower (A). A comedy in
three acts, adapted by Sylvaln Mayer
from the German of Laufs Kneisel, and pro-
duced at the Vaudeville Theatre, London,
on March 11, 1892.
Gayler, Charles. American play-
wright and actor, born 1820, died 1892 ;
joined the stage in 1848. His first play was
' The Gold Hunters ;' his last, ' Fritz,' writ-
ten for J. K. Emmett.
Gayless. Sharp's master, attached to
Melissa, in Garrick's ' Lying Valet ' {q.v.).
Gaylove. A character in ]Mrs. Pix'S
' Adventures in Madrid ' {q.v.).— Lady Gay-
love is one of the "Different Widows "in the
comedy so named, and there is a Grace Gay-
love in ' The Review ' {q.v.).
Gayman, in Mrs. Behn's 'Lucky
Chance' {q.v.), is beloved by Lady Fulbank.
Gaylhorne, Helen and Lilian.
Sisters in H. J. Byron'S 'Weak Woman'
{q.v.).
GAYVILLE
GENEVltiVE
Ga3rville, liOrd and Lady Emily.
Brothel" and sister in Burgoyne's ' Heiress '
i'i.v.).
Gazellus. Viceroy of Byron in Mar-
LOWK s ' Tamburlaine the Great ' (Second
Part).
Gazette Extraordinary (The). A
comedy in five acts, by J. G. HOLMAN, first
performed at C'ovent Garden on April 23,
ISU.
Gazette, Sir Greg-ory. A simple
knight in Foote's ' Knights' {q.v.).
Gazza Ladra (La). See Ninetta.
Geisha (The): A Story of a Tea-
house. A Japanese musical play in two
acts, Avritten by " Owen Hall," with lyrics
by Harry Greonbank, and music by Sidney
Jones, first performed at Daly's Theatre,
London, April 25, 1896, with 'Miss Marie
'J'erapest as 0 Mimosa San, Miss Juliette
Is'esville as Jtdictte Diamant, Miss Letty
Lind as Mollij Seamore, C. Hayden Coffin as
Jicginald Fairfax, Huntley Wright as Wicn
Hi, Harry Monkhouse as the Marquis Iinari,
and other parts by Miss M. Hobson, Miss
L. Flopp, Louis Bradfield, L. Bantock, F.
Kosse, etc. ; first jierformed in America at
Daly's Theatre, New York, September 9,
LS!)6, with Miss D. Morton as 0 Mimosa San,
ZNIiss Violet Lloyil as Mollij, and Edwin
Stevens as Imari ; produced in Paris in
:Marcli, 1898.
Gemea. A drama in prologue and three
acts, by Kdgar Newbound, Britannia The-
atre, London, March 29, 1880.
Gendre (Le). See Still Waters run
Deep.
Gendre de M. Poirier(Le). A comedy
in four acts, by EMiLE AUGIER and Jules
Sandeau (Paris, 1855) ; performed in Lon-
4lon— Royalty, July, 1891 ; Drury Lane,
.lune, 1893 ; Adelphi, July, 1899. For Eng-
lish adaptations, see Aristocratic Alli-
ance, An ; Equals ; and Old Home, The.
Genee. See Naval Cadets and Nanon.
General (The). (1) A tragi-comedy,
performed in 1664, and ascribed to the Earl
j of Orrery, but never acknowledged by him.
Pepys (October 4, 1664) describes the piece
as "so dull and so ill-acted that I think
it is the worst I ever saw or heard in all
my days." (2) A tragi-comedy by James
Shirley, printed in 1853. Pepys mentions
it under date April 24, 1669.
General Lover (The). An unacted
comedy by Theophilus Moss, printed in
1749.
Generous Artifice (The). A comedy
in five acts, freely translated from the
French and printed in ' The Comic The-
atre' (1762). — 'The Generous Attachment : '
a comedy by Smythe (1796). — ' The Generous
Choice : ' a comedy by Francis Manning,
acted at Little Lincoln's Inn Fields, and
printed in 1700.
Generous Conqueror (The); or,
The Timely Discovery. A tragedy
by Bevil Higgons, acted at the Theatre
Royal in 1702, with Wilks in the title-
character— .l^jnericA: the Goth, who has con-
quered Lombardy ; Mills as Rodomond (his
rival in his love for Armida), Mrs. Oldfield
as Amene (his supposed daughter), and
Cibber as Malesjnne (a minister who con-
spires against him). " In this poor plav,"
says Doran, "Bevil illustrated the right
divineand impeccability of his late liege
sovereign. King James ; denounced the Re-
volution, by implication ; did in his only
play what Dr. Sacheverell did in the pulpit,
and made even his fellow-Jacobites laugh
by his bouncing line —
' The gods and god-like kings can do no wrong.' "
Generous Enemies (The); or, Th^
Ridiculous Lovers. A comedy by J.
Corey, performed at the Theatre Royal
in 1671, with Cartwright in the chief role
{Don Bertran), and other parts bv Mohun,
Kynaston, Mrs. Marshall, Mrs. ' Bowtell,
etc. It is described as "one piece of
plagiarism."
Generous Freemason (The); with
the Humours of Squire Noodle and
his Man Doodle. A tragi-comi-farcical
ballad opera in three acts, by Wm. Rueus
Chetwood, produced at the Haymarket in
1731.
Generous Husband (The); or, The
Coffee-house Politician. A comedy
by Chaules Johnson, first performed at
Drury Lane in January, 1711.
Generous Impostor (The). A
comedy adapted by the Rev. T. L. O'Beirne
from * Le Dissipateur ' of Destouches, and
acted at Drury Lane in November, 1780.
Geneva Cross (The). A drama in
four acts, by George FawcettRowe {q.v.),
produced at the Union Square Theatre, New
York, in 1873 ; first performed in London at
the Adelphi Theatre on October 17, 1874,
withacast including W. M'Intyre, A. Glover,
H. Sinclair, S. Calhaem, H. Russell, J. Fer-
nandez, Miss Marie Henderson, Miss Edith
Stuart, INIrs. Gaston Murray, Miss Hudspeth,
etc.
Genevieve. See Homeste.4.d Story.
Genevieve. An operetta, libretto
adapted from the French by Mrs. Corn-
well Baron-Wilson, music by Sir G. A.
Macfarren, produced at the Lyceum The-
atre, London, in 1834. (2) ' Genevieve ; or,
The Reign of Terror : ' a play by Dion Bou-
CICault, adapted from MM. *Dumas and
Maquet's ' Chevalier de la Maison Houge,"
and first performed at the Adelphi Theatre,
London, in June, 1853, with Mdme. Celeste
as the heroine, B. Webster as Lorin, Alfred
Wigan as Dismer, Leigh Murray as Maurice,
and Robert and Mrs. Keeley in other charac-
ters. (3) ' Genevieve ; or. The Lost Wife : '
a drama, in prologue and two acts, by G.
Conquest, Grecian Theatre, London, April
22, 1872. (4) ' Genevieve : ' a drama by AI.
GENEVIEVE DE BRABANT
570 GENTLEMAN DANCING-MASTER
E. Braddon, Alexandra Theatre, Liver-
pool, April 6, 1874. See Sister's Sacri-
fice, A.
Genevieve de Brabant. An opera-
bouffe, music by Offenbach, libretto adapted
by H. B. Farnie from the French, first
performed at the Philharmonic Theatre,
Islington, on November 11, 1871, with Miss
Selina Dolaro as the Duchess Genevieve,
John Rouse as Corcorico Duke of Brah tnt,
Miss Clara Yesey as Oswald (the Duke's
page), E. Marshall and F^lix Bury as the
[/ens d'armes {Graburge and Pitou), J. B.
Rae as the Burgomaster, H. Lewens as Golo,
C. Morton as the Hermit, Miss E. Cook as
Brigette, Miss Ada Lee as Philihert, and
Miss Emily Soldene as Drogan ; revived at
the same theatre in January, 1878, yvith Miss
Alice May as Drogan, Miss Alice Burville
as the Duchess, Miss Douglass Gordon as
Brigitte, J. A. Shaw as the Duke, Loredan
as Charles Martel, F. Bury again as Pitou,
and W. G. Bedford as Graburge.
Genii (The). A pantomime by H.
Woodward, acted at Drury Lane, 1753.
Genii of tlie Ring- (Th,e). A co-
medietta in one act, by Ernest Hendrie,
llieatre Royal, Limerick, January, 1882.
Genius (The). A comedy-drama in one
act, by H. W. Williamson, first performed
at the Globe Theatre, London, January 26,
1881.
Genius of Nonsense (The). A
" speaking pantomime," ascribed to COL-
:\tan, and performed at the Haymarket
Theatre in September, 1780.
Gennaro figures in the English versions
and burlesques of 'Lucrezia Borgia' iq.v.).
Genoese (The). A drama by Epes
Sargent, in which Susan Cushman made
her debut in New York in April, 1837.
Gentili, Jacomo, in Dekker's ' Won-
der of a Kingdom,' is described by Hazlitt
as "that truly ideal character of a magni-
ficent patron."
Gentilla. A character in Planche's
' Invisible Prince ' (q.v.).
Gentle Gertrude ; or. Doomed,
Drugrg-ed, and Drowned at Datchet.
A "musical piece of absurdity " in one act,
libretto by T. Edgar Pemijerton, music by
T. Anderton, first produced at the Alex-
andra Theatre, Liverpool, February 21,
1881 ; produced at the Gaiety Theatre, Lon-
don, May 14, 1884.
Gentle Ivy. A play in four acts, by
Austin Fryers, Strand Theatre, London,
on the afternoon of May 10, 1894, with Miss
Frances Ivor in the title part.
Gentle Savagre (The). A comic opera,
■words by Estelle Clayton and " Nym
Crinkle" (A. C. Wheeler), and music by
E. J. Darling; Tivoli Opera House, San
Francisco, February 3, 1896 ; originally pro-
duced as Big Pony {q.v.).
Gentle Shepherd (The). A pastoral
comedy in five acts, by Allan Ramsay,
printed in 1729. Reduce'd to one act, Avith
the Scots dialect "translated," and some
new songs introduced, by Theophilus Cibber,
the piece was performed at Drury Lane in
April, 1730, and again in May, 1731, under
the title of ' Patie and Peggy,' Mrs. Roberts
and Miss Raftor undertaking the title parts
on the latter occasion. It was presented
at the Concert Hall, Edinburgh, in 1747, and
at the Canongate Theatre in the same city
in 1758, witli West Digges as Patie and Mrs.
W'ard as Jenny. Under its proper name it
w'as seen at Drury Lane in May, 1774, with
J. Aikin as Roger and Mrs. Wrighten as
Peggy. " Altered" by Cornelius Yanderstop,
it was acted at the Haymarket in 1777 ; and
" altered," again, by Richard Tickell, it Avas
played at Drury Lane in 1781, with music by
Linley. In May, 1789, it Avas performed at
Drury Lane, Avith Kelly as Patie, Mrs.
Crouch as Peggy, and Miss Romanzini as
Jenny ; it was revived there in jNIay, 1794 ;
and in June, 1817, " rendered into English,"
it Avas seen at Covent (Jarden, with Smclair
as Patie,'L\sion3L?,Bauldy, and Miss Stephens
as Peggy. The pastoral AA-as "translated"
into English in 1785 by W. Ward, and in 1790
by Margaret Turner. It AA'as last seen on
the stage at the Gaiety Theatre, Glasgow, in
November, 1876, Avhen it was played in two
acts, and Avhen the cast included A. Lindsay
as Patie, J. B. Gordon as Roger, W. S.
Yallanceas Sir William Worthy, W. Mackin-
tosh as Glaud, W. Gourlay as Bauldy, Miss
Juno as Peggy, and Miss Gourlay as Jenny.
' Gentle Zitella.' A song in Planch]£'s
'Brigand' (g.r.).
Gentleman Cit (The). A comedy
translated from the ' Bourgeois Gentil-
homme' of Moliere, and printed in Foote's
' Comic Theatre ' (1762)
Gentleman Cully (The). A comedy
performed at Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1702,
AA'ith Booth in the title part (Town love), Cory
as Faithless, PoAvell as Flash, Freeman as
Ruffle, Yerbruggen as Censor, Mrs. Leigh
as Lady Rakelove, etc. " The Gentleman
Cully comes up to London for the sake of
enjoying the pleasures of the town, but,
though not deficient in sense or spirit, is
made a dupe by the Avomen " (Genest).
Gentleman Dancing- - Master
(The). A comedy in five acts, by William
Wycherley, based on an incident in Calde-
ron's ' El Maestro de Danzar,' and Avritten,
according to the author's oAvn account, in
1661-2. The date of its first performance
is not known. It was played at Dorset
Gardens apparently in December, 1671, or
January, 1672, the prologue spoken on that
occasion opening thus —
" Our author (like us) finding 'twould scarce do
At t' other end o' th' town, is come to you."
From this it is gathered (see W. C. Ward's
edition of Wycherley) that the play had
probably been produced previously by the
same company at their old theatre in Lin-
coln's Inn Fields, and not very successfully.
GENTLEMAN FROM IRELAND
571
GEORGE-A-GREENE
At Dorset Gardens, Genest thinks, Nokes
may have represented Monsieur de Paris,
and Angel may have been the Formal.
"Mr. Formal, or Don Diego, is a Spanish
merchant, who had resided so long in Spain
that he had adopted the manners of that
nation. Mr. Paris, or Monsieur de Paris,
had been some months in France, and had
returned completely an English Monsieur.
Gerrard and Hijjjtolita are mutually in love.
Formal and his sister Mrs. Caution surprise
them together. Gerrard, at HijiiMita's sug-
gestion, pretends to be a Dancing-Master.
This," Genest thinks, "is one of the worst
of Wycherley's comedies, but on the whole
a good play. It was not much liked, and
was acted only six times." It was printed
in 1673, without the names of the players.
In Hazlitt's opinion, "'The Gentleman
Dancing-Master ' is a long, foolish farce, in
the exaggerated manner of Moli^re, but
without his spirit or whimsical invention "
(' English Comic Writers ')•
Grentleman from Ireland (A). A
comedy in two acts, by FitzJames O'Brien
(q.v.), first produced at Wallack's Theatre,
New York, witli John Brougham as the
hero.
Gentleman Gardener (The). A farce
performed at Covent Garden in 1749 ; "seems
to have been taken from ' The Village
Opera ' " (Genest).
Gentleman in Black (The). (1) A
play by Leman Rede, performed at the
New City Theatre, London, at Christmas,
1S32. (2) An opera-bouffe in two acts,
libretto by W. S. GlLREUT, music by Fre-
derick Clay, first produced at the Charing
Cross Theatre, London, May 26, 1870, with
C. P. Flockton in tlie title part, F. Robson
as Tintelstein, E. Danvers as Baron Otto,
Miss E. Fowler as Hans Gopp, Miss Emme-
line Cole as Bertha, etc.
Gentleman Jack. A play in five acts,
by C. T. Vincent and W. A. Brady, pro-
duced at tlie Grand Opera House, New
York, November, 1892 ; first performed in
England at Drury Lane Theati-e, April 21,
1894.
Gentleraan Jack. A character in
' Escaped from Portland ' (q-v.).
Gentleman Jim. A comedietta by
W. R. Walkes (q.v.), Prince's Theatre,
Bristol, October 29, 1894.
Gentleman Joe, the Hansom
Cabby. A musical farce, words and lyrics
by Basil Hood, music by Walter Slaughter,
Prince of Wales's Theatre, London, March
2, 1895, with Arthur Roberts in the title
part. Miss Kitty Loftus as Emma, W. H.
Denny as Mr. Pilkington Jones, Miss Aida
Jenoure as Mrs. Ralli-Carr, and other parts
by W. Philp, Eric Thorne, E. H. Kelly,
Miss Clara Jecks, Miss Kate Cutler, Miss
Audrey Ford, etc. ; first performed in
America at Miner's Theatre, Newark, N. J.,
]Jecember 25, 1895 ; first produced in New
York, at Fifth Avenue Theatre, January 6,
1S96.
Gentleman of Venice (The). A
tragi-comedy by James Shiuley ((7.1;.), acted
at Salisbury Court, and printed in 1655. The
"gentleman" is one Cornari, who, being
childless, and disgusted with the nephew
who will be his heir, endeavours to promote
a liaison between his wife and one Florelli,
an Englishman, in the hope that the result
may be a boy-child whom he may announce
as his own.
Gentleman Opposite (The), A co-
medietta, first performed at the Lyceum
Theatre, London, in July, 1854.
Gentleman Usher (The). A comedy
by George Chapman Cq.v-), printed in 1606,
but " possibly produced some years earlier"
(Ward). The title character (" a silly busy-
body") is Gentleman Usher to the father
of the heroine QMargaret), who is beloved
both by the Duke Aljyhonso and his son
Vineentio. In the end, c'espite the machina-
tions of the Duke's "creature" Medice,
Vineentio and Margaret are united.
Gentleman "Whip (The). A play in
one act, by H. M. Paull, first performed
at Eastbourne on February 1, 1894 ; first
performed in London at Terry's Theatre on
Feln-uary 21, 1894.
" Gentry to the King-'s Head
(The)." First line of a song of tavern
signs in T. Heywood's ' Rape of Lucrece '
iqv.).
Gentylness and Nobylite (Of): "a
Dialogue between the Merchaunt, the
Knyght, and the Plouman, dysputyng who
is a verey Gentylman, and who is a Noble-
man, and how jNIen should come to
Auctoryte, compilid in Manner of an Enter-
lude, with divers Toys and Gestis added
thereto to make myri pastyme and disport."
Written in metre, and printed in black
letter ; date unknown.
Georg-aline, Sir, in Parker's ' Love
in a Mist ' (q-v.), is beloved by Queen
Eglamour.
Georg-e-a-Greene, the Pinner of
"Wakefield. A comedy acted in 1593, and
printed anonymously in 1599. The play
(which has been ascribed to Shakespeare,
Greene, Peele, Lodge, etc.) is founded partly
on an old prose story, partly on one of the
Robin Hood ballads. "The hero is the
valiant yeoman who gives to it his name, and
whose figure is to be found in the Robin
Hood legends down to their latest notable
English dramatic adaptation [see Jonson's
'Sad Shepherd']. He is the keeper of the
pinfolds (or penfolds) belonging to the com-
mon lands about Wakefield in the West
Riding, and the strongest and bravest man
in England to boot" (Ward). ''King Ed-
ward hears so much of George-a-Greene that
he sets off in disguise to see him. . . . The
last scene lies at" Bradford. A shoemaker
insists that, according to an old custom, no
one should pass through the town with his
staff upon his shoulder. The king sub-
mits to the custom, George-a-Greene fights
b
GEORGE BARNWELL
572
GERALDINE
•with the shoemakers and beats them. The
king is discovered. He regards George-a-
Greene liberally, and prevails on G^-ime to
give his daughter to George" (Genest).
Hazlitt describes the piece as "a pleasant
interlude, in which kings and cobblers, out-
laws and maid Marians, are 'hail fellow
well met,' and in which the features of the
antique world are made smiling and amiable
enough. Jeakin, George-a-Greene's servant,
is a notorious wag." Reduced to three acts
"by Wilkinson, the play was performed at
Wakefield in 1775. George-a-Greeneis men-
tioned in ' Hudibras ' (pt. ii. canto 2), and a
history of his life was published in 1706.
See Dodsley's ' Old Plays ' and Genest's
' English Stage.'
G-eorg-e Barnwell, The leading figure
in a play by George Lillo (q.v.), which
appears to have been produced originally
— on June £2, 1731, at Drury Lane — under
the title of ' The Merchant [or ' The London
Merchant'], or The True History of George
Barnwell.' The piece had been based by
the writer on a ballad "printed at least as
early as the middle of the seventeenth
century" (Bishop Percy), and supposed to
be founded on fact. "Lillo," says Genest,
" follows the ballad till Milicood sends for
the constable. In the ballad George Barn-
well gets off by sea, and writes a letter to
the Lord Mayor, acknowledging his own
guilt and that of Sarah Milicood." The
first cast of tlie play included T. Gibber as
George, Roberts as his uncle, Mrs. Butler
as Milwood, Bridgewater as Thorozcgood,
Mills as Trueman,'R. Wetherhilt as Blunt,
Mrs. Gibber a.?, Maria, and Mrs. Charke as
Lxicy. ' The London Merchant ' M-as revived
later in the year at Goodman's Fields, at
Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1732, at Covent
Garden in 1740, and at Drury Lane in 1749 and
1796. In September, 1804, it was performed
at the Hay market as ' George Barnwell,'
with EUistbn in the title part, Mrs. Litch-
lield as Milicood, and Mrs. Gibbs as Lucy.
It was revived at the Lyceum in 1811, with
Putnam as George and Mrs. Glover as Mil-
wood ; at the Marylebone Theatre in 1837 ;
at Albany, New York, in 1S60, with Adah
Isaacs Menken in the title role; at the
Gaiety Theatre, London, on the afternoon
of April 21, ISSO, with Crawford as Georgo,
J. L. Shine as his uncle, J. Maclean as
Thorowgood, C. Fawcett as Trueman, T.
Squire as Blunt, Miss Wadman as Luci/,
and Miss Louise Willes as Milicood. George
Barnu-ell was one of Barry Sullivan's parts.
The drama was praised by Prevost in his
* Pour et Contre,' and translated into French
by Clement de Geneve (174S). " This play,"
says Hazlitt, "is a piece of wretched cant ;
it is an insult on the virtues and the vices of
human nature ; it supposes that the former
are relinquished and the others adopted
•without common sense or reason, for the
sake of a Christmas catastrophe, of a
methodistical moral. The account of a
young unsuspecting man being seduced hy
the allurements of an artful prostitute is
natural enough, and something might have
been built on this foundation, but all the
rest is absurd, and equally senseless as
poetry or prose." The play has been twice
travestied— by Montagu Corri, in the piece
called ' George Barnwell ; or, Tlie Unfor-
tunate London Apprentice : a tragi-comica],
operatic, historical bui'lesque,' in one act'
first performed at the Surrey Theatre,
London, on May 27, 1884, with Vale as
Barnwell, Miss E. Terry as Milivood ("a
man catcher") ; and by H. J. Byrox, in the
piece called ' George de Barnwell,' produced
at the Adelphi Theatre, London, in 1862-3,
with Miss Woolgar as Folly (afterwrirda
Barnwell), Miss Kate Kelly as Maria, J. L.
Toole as Milwood, ^liss Seaman as Fancy,
'yiiss Wright as Romance, Miss Vining as
Claptrap, Paul Bedford, etc.
Georg-e Dandin ; or, The "Wanton
Wife. A comedy, translated by Ozell
from Moliere's ' George Dandin.' Another
translation was acted at Drury Lane in 1747,
with Shuter, Kitty Clive, and Mrs. Macklin
in the cast. See Amorous Widow, The;
Barnaby Brittle ; May and December.
Georgre Darville, A play by Dion
Bolcicault (q.v.), first performed at the
Adelphi Theatre, London, on June 3, 1S57.
Georg-e de Barnwell. See George
Barnwell.
George Geith.; or, Tlie Romance of
a City Life. A play in four acts, adapted
by Wybert Reeve from Mrs. J. H. Riddell's
novel of the same name, and first performed
at Scarborough, August 6, 1877 ; produced
at the Crystal Palace, October 30, 1883, with
F. H. Macklin in the title part, and other
roles by A. Chevalier, E. W. Gardiner, Miss
H, Coveney, and Mrs. Macklin.
George Scanderbeg, The True
History of, A tragedy based on tlie
life of George Castriot, and entered on the
Stationers' Registers in 1601. F. G. Fleay
suggests that Marlowe may have been the
author.
Georgette, in the various versions of
' Fernaude ' (q.v).
Georgiennes (Les), An opera bouffe,
libretto by C. J. S. WiLSON, music by Offen-
bach, produced at the Philharmonic Theatre,
London, October 2, 1875.
Geraldi Duval ; or. The Bandit of
Bohemia. A drama in three acts, brought
out at Drury Lane in 1721, with Cooper in the
title part, and other roles by Knight, Miss
Smithson, Mrs. Egerton, etc.
Geraldine; or, The Lover's Well.
A comic opera composed by M. W. Balfe,
and first performed in England at the
Princess's Theatre, London, in August, 1843,
with Mdme. Garcia in the title part. The
opera had been performed in Paris in April,
1843. as ' Le Puits d'Amour.' (2) ' Geraldine ;
or. The Master Pas.sion :' a drama 1)y Mrs.
H. L. Bateman (q.v.), in Avhich Matilda
Heron played the title part ; produced at
the Adelphi Theatre, London, on June 12,
GERALDINE
GERMOX
lS(i5, with Miss Kate Bateraan in the title
part, her father (H. L. Bateman) as David
Jtathin (an old Welsh harper), and G.
Jorilan as Hubert de Burgh.
Geraldine. (1) Wife of Connor O'Ken-
nedy, in Buckstone's ' Green Bushes '
iq.c.). (2) The heroine of Dimond's ' Found-
ling of the Forest.'
Geraldine, Young-. The " English
Traveller " in Heywood's tragi-comedy so
named {q.v.).
Gerard, Florence. Actress ; was in
the cast of Reade's ' Jealousy ' at the Olympic
Theatre, London, in 1878, and of Bouci-
cault's 'A Bridal Tour' at the Haymarket
in 1880. Other original parts undertaken
by her include Nadia in Byron's ' Michael
Strogoflf,' and Kate Denby in Pettitt's(?)
' Taken from Life,' both at the Adelphi in
1&81. She was also seen in London as
Ophelia and as Fiordelisa in ' The Fool's
Revenge ' (Princess's, ISSO), as Janet Pride
and as Susan Merton in ' It's Never too Late
to Mend ' (Adelphi, 1881), as Mrs. Sebright
In ' The Overland Route ' (Haymarket, 18S2),
as Esther Eccles and as Bella in ' School '
(Haymarket, 1883), and as Ruth Daybrooke
in Robertson's ' M.P.' (Toole's, 1883).
Germaine. The heroine of Planquette's
'Cloches de Corneville' {q.v.).
G-erman, Edward. Musical composer ;
wrote original music for the production of
'Richard III.' at the Globe Theatre, Lon-
don, 1889 ; of ' Henry VIII.' at the Lyceum,
1892 ; of ' The Tempter ' at the Hayn'iarket,
1893 ; of ' Romeo and .Juliet,' at the Lyceum,
1895 ; of ' As You Like It ' and ' Much Ado
about Nothing ' at the St. James's in 1896
and 1 898 ; and of ' English Nell' at the Prince
of Wales's Theatre in 1900. He completed
the score of ' The Emerald Isle,' left un-
finished by Sir Arthur Sullivan (1901), and is
the composer, also, of 'The Rival Poets'
(1SS6 and 1901), ' Merrie England ' (1902), and
' A Princess of Kensington ' (1903).
German Hotel (The). A comedy
"taken from the German, attributed to
JLirshall, but probably written by HOL-
CROFT" (Genest) ; produced at Covent Gar-
den in November, 1791, with a cast including
Quick, Farren, Holman, Aikin, Blanchard,
Mrs. Pope, Mrs. Mattocks, etc. The title
is ilerived from the building in which the
action takes place.
German Princess (The)- A play
performed at Lincoln's Inn Fields in April,
1664, the title part being performed by a
w^oman who had masqueraded in London
under the above title— who had been tried
for bigamy in June, 1663, and acquitted for
lack of evidence. Pepys writes (April, 1664) :
" To the Duke's house, and there saw the
' German Princess ' acted by the woman
herself, but never was anything so well done
in earnest worse performed in jest upon
the stage." The play, Genest thinks, was
"no doubt 'The Witty Combat,'" a drama
founded by "T. P." on the woman's story,
and acted and printed in 1663.
German Reed's Entertainment,
Mr. and Mrs. This well-known institu-
tion liad its rise in 1855, when Miss Priscilla
Horton {q.v.), who had married German
Reed, the musician, began to give, with
his aid as pianist, a series of character
sketches with songs at the St. Martin'3
Hall, Long Acre. Thence she and her
husband removed, in February, 1856, to the
Gallery of Illustration, Lower Regent Street,
where they remained till July, 1873. In
the interval, the entertainment gradually
changed its nature and scope. Thus, in
1860, the German Reeds were joined by
John Parry {q.v.), who gave musical mono-
logues. In 1868 Miss Annie Sinclair was
added to the party, and from that point
onwards the programme became partlv
dramatic. In March, 1868, 'Our Quiet
Chateau,' libretto by Robert Reece, and
music by Virginia Gabriel, was produced,
with all four artists in the cast. After this
came in succession 'Inquire Within,' in
which John Parry made his last appearance
(1868), ' No Cards,' in which Arthur Cecil
made his debut (J 869), ' Ages Ago,' in which
3Iiss Fanny Holland made liev^entree (1869),
' Beggar my Neighbour ' (1870), ' Our Island
Home,' in which R. Corney Grain made his-
histrionic beginning (1870), ' A Sensational
Novel ' (1871), ' Near Relations ' (1871), ' A
Peculiar Family ' (1871), ' King Christmas,'
in which Mr. Alfred Reed first figured (1871),
' Charity Begins at Home ' (1872), ' Mv
Aunt's Secret ' (1872), ' Happy Arcadia"'
(1872), 'Very Catching '(1872), and 'Mildred's
Weir (1873), all of which see. On April 20,
1874, the Entertainment was removed to
St. George's Hall, Langham Place, Avhere
it remained (excepting provincial tours) till
1896. The first programme at the new
home consisted of revivals of ' Ages Ago '
and ' Charity Begins at Home ' (with Arthur
Law and Miss L. Brahara for the first time
with the German Reeds). R. Corney Grain
gave his first musical sketch (' The School
Feast ') on May 16, 1870 ; his last in 1895.
Mrs. German Reed retired in 1879. Alfred
Reed (who had for some years been in part-
nership with Corney Grain) died in March,
1895, and with him the German Reed En-
tertainment came to an end. See Grain,.
Cornet ; Reed, Alfred ; and Reed, Mrs.
German.
German Silvery King- (The). A
burlesque by Walter Burnox of ' The
Silver King' {q.v.); Elephant and Castle
Theatre, London, March 24, 1883.
Germanicus. A tragedy by "a gentle*
man of the University of Oxford," printed
in 1775.
Germans and French ; or. Inci-
dents in the War of 1870-71. A
drama by John Douglass, jun.. Standard
Theatre, 'London, March 8, 1871.
Germanus. A monk in Middleton's
' Mayor of Queenborough.'
Germon, Mrs. G. C. [nee Ander.son],
granddaughter of Jefferson " the second ; "•
appeared at the Walnut Street Theatre-
GERONIO
574
GHOSTS
Philadelphia, in October, 1829, and at the
Franklin Theatre, New York, in August,
1836. " She has had," says W. Winter, ''a
bright career on the stage, and is a superior
representative of old women."
G-eronio. A drunken actor in Payne's
' ClSLTl' (q.v.).
Grerrard. King of the beggars in Beau-
mont and Fletcher's 'Bcigar's Bush'
(g.r.).
Gerridg-e, Sam. A gas-fitter in
Robertson's ' Caste ' (q.v.).
Gerrish, Sylvia. Actress and voca-
list ; made her debut at San Francisco, June
7, 1880, as Isabella in 'Boccaccio' (q.v.);
afterwards appeared in the same city as
Hebe in ' H.M.S. Pinafore;' at the Bijou,
Boston, in 18S2, as lolanthe in the Gilbert-
Sullivan opera; and in 1883 as Constance
in 'The Sorcerer' and Lady Angela in
' Patience ; ' later at the Hollis Street The-
atre, Boston, asPitti Sing in 'The Mikado.'
She played several original parts in America.
In 1893 she figured at the Trafalgar Theatre,
London, as Mdlle. Nitouche.
Gei'trude. (1) The Queen in 'Hamlet.'
(2) A character in ' The Loan of a Lover '
Iq.v-)- (3) A character in 'The Little
Treasure' {q-v.").
Gertrude's Cherries ; or, "Waterloo
in 1835. A play by Docglas Jerrold
iq.v.), first performed at Covent Garden on
September 10, 1842, with A. AVigan as
Alcibiades Blague —' Gertrude's Money
Box:' a comedietta by Harry Lemon,
Sadler's Wells Theatre, January 9, 1869.
G-ervaise. The wife of Coupeau, in the
various adaptations of ' L'Assommoir ' iq.v.).
She figures also in the burlesque called
* Another Drink ' iq.v.).
Gervinus, C. G. Author of ' Commen-
taries ' on Shakespeare, published at Leipzig
in 1848-9, and translated into English by
F. E. Bunnett (1863, 1S75).
Gesler, the Austrian tyrant in Sheridan
Kkowles'S 'William Tell' iq.v.), appears
also in F. Talfourd's burlesque of that
play iq.v.).
Gesta Grayorum; "or, The History
of the High and Mighty Prince, Henry-
Prince of Purpoole . . . Together with a
masque, as it was presented (by his High-
ness's Command) for the entertainment of
Queen Elizabeth." An account of perfor-
mances given by members of Gray's Inn,
London, in 159i ; published in 16SS.
Gesture and Action, Practical Il-
lustrations of Rhetorical. "Adapted
to the English drama," and published in
1822. This book, which was edited by
Henry Siddons, was based on a German
work (by Engel) published in 1785.
" Get you hence, for I must gro."
First line of tlie song sung by Autolycus,
Mopsa, and Dorcas in act iv. sc. 4 of 'The
Winter's Tale.'
Geta. (1) Servant of Antiochus in Mas-
singer's ' Believe as you List.' (2) Servant
of Theophilus in MaSSINGER's ' Virgin-
Martyr.'
Gettall. A box-keeper in Massinger's
' City Madam.'— Su" Tristram Gettall in a
character in 'The Apparition' iq.v.).
Gewgraw, Lord. A character in
Miller's ' Art and Nature ' iq.v.).
Ghastly Manor. See More than
Ever.
Ghetto (The). A drama in three acts,
adapted by CHESTER Bailey Fernald,
from the Dutch of Herman Heijerraans,
jun., produced in England at the Comedy
Theatre, London, on September 9, 1899,
with Kyrle Bellew and Mrs. Brown Potter
in the leading parts ; first produced in
America at Syracuse, N.Y., September
13, 1899 ; first performed in New York at
Broadway Theatre, September 15, 1899.—
'The Children of the Ghetto,' a drama
founded by Israel Zangwill on his novel
so named, was performed for the first time
in England at the Adelphi Theatre, London,
on December l"*.. 1899, with Wilton Lackaye
as Shemuel, Robert Edeson as Brandon, W.
Norris as Pinchas, Mdme. Cottrelly as Mrs.
Belcovitch, Miss Agnes Verity as Widow
FinJdestein, and Miss Rosabel Morrison a^
Uannah Jacobs.
Ghost (A). A " spirited .sketch, not by
Ibsen," produced at the Criterion Theatre,
London, June 28, 1892, with a cast including
Cyril Maude.
Ghost (The) ; or, The Woman
wears the Breeches. An anonymous
comedy, written in 1640, and printed in
1653. See Man's Bewitched.
Ghost of Moliere (The). A transla-
tion of Brecourt's ' L'Ombre de Moliere.'
Ghost Story (The). A play by T. J.
Serle iq v.), produced at the Adelphi The-
atre, London, in 1833, Mith Mrs. Stirling in
the cast ; revived at the Marylebone The-
atre, October 2, 1863.
Ghosts. Under this title, English ver-
sions of the ' Gengangere ' of Henrik Ibsen
have been produced as follows :— At the
Royalty Theatre, London, under the au-
spices of the Independent Theatre, on March
13, 1891, with Mrs. Theodore Wright a.s3Irs.
Alving, Mrs. Edith Ken ward as P>.egina,
Frank Lindo as Oswald Alving, Leonard
Outram as Pastor Manders, and Sydney
Howard as Jacob Engstrand ; at the Athen-
aeum Hall, Tottenham Court Road, Lon-
don, on the afternoon of January 26, 1893,
with ]\Irs. Wright and L. Outram in their
former roles, Miss Hall Caine as Regina,
F. Norreys Connell as Jacob, and L. Waller
as Oswald; at the Berkeley Lyceum, New
York, on January 5, 1S94, with Miss Ida
Jeffreys Goodfriend as Mrs. Alving, Miss
Eleanor Lane as Regina, Courtney Thorpe as
Osivald, Arthur Lawrence as Glanders, and
G. H. Leonard as Jacob [by this company
GHOSTS
575
GIAFAR
the play was also performed in several
other cities in U.S.A.] ; at the Queen's Gate
Hall, South Kensington, on June 24, 25, 26,
1S97, with Mrs. Wright, L. Outram, C.
Thorpe, and F. N. Connell as before, and
Miss Alice Kingsley as Reyina ; at the Car-
negie Lyceum, New York, on May 29, 1899,
with :Miss Edith Kenward as before, Miss
INlary Shaw as 3Irs. Alving, John Blair as
Oswald, W. Beach as Manders, and Franz
Eeicher as Jacob. — English translations of
' Gengangere ' (with introductory essays)
have been published by Miss Henrietta
Frances Lord (revised in 1890) and by William
Archer (1888, revised in 1890 and 1900).
* Gengangere ' was first published (at Copen-
liagen) in 1881, first acted (at Helsingborg,
Sweden) in 1883. See Ibsen's Ghost.
Ghosts (in English drama). The most
notable of these are, of course, those which
ti.i;ure in the plays of Shakespeare— the
uiiost of Ilamlet's father, the shade of Ban-
■jHo (q.v.) and the apparitions in the cauldron
scene (act iv.), the ghosts which appear
to liichard III. in the tent scene (act v.),
tlie shade of Julius Ccesar&s .seen by Brutus
(act iv.), and the spirit conjured up by
Bolingbroke in 'King Henry VI., pt. ii.'
(act i.). Among other ghosts in sixteenth-
century drama may be named those of
Jiusticns and Sura in Massinger's ' Roman
Actor,' of Malefort and his mother in the
same writer's ' Unnatural Combat,' of An-
drugio in Mar.ston's ' Antonio's Revenge,'
and of Flores' victim in ^liddleton and
Rowley's ' Changeling.' Some notion of the
Elizabethan manner of presenting ghosts
may be gathered from the reference, in the
iiHhiction to 'A Warning for Fair Women '
(i:)99), to
"a filthy whining ghost
Lapt in some foul sheet or a leather pilch,"
which
*' Comes screaming like a pig half stick'd, and cries
' Vindicta 1 Revenge, revenge ! '
With that a little rosin flasheth forth
Like smoke out of a tobacco pipe or a boy's squib."
A distinguished ghost is that of Laius in
the '(Eclipus' {q.v.) of Dryden and Lee.
'I'lie shades of Pierre and Javier, in the last
scene of ' Venice Preserved' {q.v.), were for
a long time extremely popular, but latterly
were left to Belvidera' s imagination. Addi-
son wrote in ' The Spectator ' (1711-4) that
" There is nothing which delights and
terrifies our English theatre so much as
u ghost, especially when he appears in a
bloody sliirt. A spectre has very often
saved a play, though he has done nothing
but stalked solemnly across the stage, or
rose through a cleft in it and sunk again
without si)eaking a word." Robert Lloyd,
in ' The Actor ' (1755), has the following
reference to the contemporary mode of re-
presenting the ghost of Banquo : —
" But in stage customs what offends me most
Is the slip-door, and slowly rising ghost.
Tell me — nor count the question too severe —
Why need the dismal powdered forms appear?
When chilling horrors shake the affi ighted King,
And Guilt torments him with her scorpion sting,
When keenest feelings at his bosom pull.
And fancy tells him that the seat is full ;
Why need the ghost usurp the monarcli's place,
To frighten children with his mealy face?
The King alone should form the phantom there.
And talk and tremble at the vacant chair."
This view was taken by the management of
Drury Lane when ' Macbeth' was performed
there in 1794 ; but it is recorded that the
play-going public preferred to see the chair
occupied by Banquo. In 1730 Fielding had
.satirized, in the first draft of his 'Tom
Thumb,' the stage ghost of his day, repre-
senting To7n as killing the shade of Ga[fer
Thtanb (an episode omitted from the later
version). In Fielding's 'Pasquin' (1736),
Trapwit was made to observe that "a
ghost is the soul of tragedy." In 1781-2
the title-character in ' Lun's Ghost ' (a
pantomime at Drury Lane) was garbed,
Lamb tells us, in "a ghastly vest of white
patchwork, like the apparition of a dead
rainbow" ('My Fir.st Play'). In 1797 the
ghost of Evelina gave the title to Lewis's
'Castle Spectre' {q.v.), one of the most
popular and lasting of plays. During the
latter half of the nineteenth century many
efforts, some of them successful, were made
to render the stage ghost genuinely impres-
sive. Thus when ' Hamlet ' was performed
at the Queen's Theatre, London, in 1846,
" the appearances of the Ghost on the
battlements and in the Queen's chamber
were made behind some cleverly worked
transparent scenery," a powerful light being
so well utilized that " the shade of Ilamlet's
father actually acquired the semblance of
being seen through " (W. J. Lawrence).
Then came, in 1852, the London produc-
tions both of 'The Corsican Brothers' and
of Boucicault's ' Vampire ' {q.v.). In the
first of these some novelty was shown by
the use, in the presentation of the ghost of
Louis dei Franchi, of a sliding trap, by
which the figure ascended laterally instead
of perpendicularly. In ' The Vampire ' two
of the monster's victims appeared to him in
the form of disembodied spirits. At the
Lyceum in 1879, under the direction of
Henry Irving, the Ghost in 'Hamlet' was
provided with a " double," by whose aid
some effective illusions were obtained. At
the same theatre, a few years ago, in a
revival of ' Macbeth ' under the same
auspices, Banquo did not appear corporeally
in the banquet scene ; his chair was sup-
posed to be occupied by his shade. See
Dutton Cook's ' Book of the Play ' (1876),
and W. J. Lawrence's article on 'Stage
Ghosts' in the ' Gentleman's Magazine' for
December, 18S7.
Ghosts (The). A comedy by T. Holdex,
acted at Lincoln's Inn Fields betAveen 1662
and 1665. See Downes' ' Roscius Angli-
canus.'
Giacometti, P. See Elizabeth,
Queen of England ; Marie Antoinette ;
New Trial, A ; Renata di Francia.
Giafar. The " Barmecide " in Milner's
romance of that name {q.v.).
GIANA
576
GIDDENS
Giana. The lieroine of ' Ravenna ' {q.v.).
Gianetta. The name of characters in
"\V. S. Gilbert's 'Dulcamara' {q.v.) and
' Gondoliers ' {q.v.).
G-iant of the Mountain (The); or,
The Savage, the Shipwrecked, and
the Belle of the Period. A pantomime
by Frederick Marchant, Britannia The-
atre, London, December 27, 1869.— ' The
Giant of the Mountains : ' a pantomime by
J. Addisox, Britannia Theatre, December
26, 1894.
Gibbet. A highwayman in Farquhar's
' Beaux' Stratagem ' {q.v.).
Gibbs, Martha. A character in T.
and J. M. Morton's 'All that Glitters is
not Gold' {q.v.).
Gibbs, Mrs. [?u'e Logan]. Actress, born
1770 ; daughter of an Irish actor ; made her
London cUbut at the Haymarket on June
18, 17S3, as Sally in the elder Colman's
'Man and Wife ' (7. v.). In June, 1787, she
appeared, as "Mrs. Gibbs," at the Royalty
Theatre, in the role of Miss Biddy in ' Miss
in her Teens.' " She played most of the
characters in the serious pantomimes that
■were performed there, after the interdiction
of regular pieces " (Oxberry). She was next
engaged by the younger Colman for the
Haymarket, whence she went successively
to Drury Lane and Covent Garden. It was,
however, at the Haymarket and in the
younger Colman's pieces that she made
most mark. Colman, to whom she was
eventually married, is said to have written
for her the rolts of Cicely in ' The Heir at
Law' (1797), Annette in ' Blue Devils' (1798),
Grace Gaylove in 'The Review' (1800), and
Mary in ' John Bull ' (1803)-of all of which
she 'was the original interpreter. William
Robson wrote of her, in 1842 ('The Old
Playgoer,' 1846) : " I allow your Mrs. Gibbs
to be a very fine woman, and an excellent
actress— but when she was .Vary [in 'John
Bull '] she might have gone into the ' thumb-
ring ' of the lady you know. She was one
of the most interesting and beautiful women
on the stage, and the naive simplicity,
pathos, and tenderness with which she filled
the character were fully in keeping with
the great talent that surrounded her."
"Next to Mrs. Jordan," says 'Oxberry's
Dramatic Biography' (1826), "Mrs. Gibbs
was decidedly the best actress in her line."
Among her notable parts were Katherine in
' Katherine and Petruchio,' JS^ell in ' The
Devil to Pay,' Miss Sterling in ' The Clandes-
tine ^Marriage," Kate Uardcastle, and Mr-f.
Candour. See Genest's 'English Stage,'
and Peake's ' Colman Family ' (1841).
Gibbs, Mrs. [nee Graddon]. Vocalist
and actress, born near London, 1S04 ; first
sang in public at Vauxhall in 1821 ; was
heard in Dublin in 1823 ; appeared at Drury
Lane in October, 1824, as Susanna in ' The
Marriage of Figaro ; ' made her American
debut in 1S35 at New Orleans ; sang at New
York in 1836. She gave entertainments in
the last-named city in 1855.
Gibby. Footman to Colonel Briton in
Mrs. Centlivre's 'Wonder' {q.v.).
Gibney, Somerville. Dramatic
writer; author of 'Peggy's Plot' (lS9;i),
'Mis.sing' (1894), 'A Jack of All Trades'
(1896), etc.
Gibraltar ; or. The Spanish Ad-
venture. A comedy by Joh.n Dennis
{q.v.), performed at Drury Lane in Feb-
ruary, 1705. (2) ' Gibraltar : ' a comic
opera by Robert Houlton, acted at Dublin
in 1784. (3) ' Gibraltar : ' an opera bouffe
in three acts, founded upon ' La Reine des
Halles,' and first performed, with English
libretto by Alfred Murray and music by
Louis Varney, at the Haymarket Theatre,
London, August 6, ISSl, with a cast in-
cluding John Howson, C. W. Garthorne,
Loredan, Lytton Grey, Stewart Dawson,
Morton Selten, E. Smedley (Yates), T. H.
Friend, Jliss Emily Thorne, and Miss
Kathleen Corri.
Gibson, James Rhind. Actor, bom
at Aberdeen, 1S42, died 18S7 ; made his pro-
fessional debut in 1SG2 ; played prominent
parts at the Prince's, Manchester, 1S66-9 ;
was leading actor at Edinburgh (1869-70),
Glasgow (1871), and Aberdeen (1872) ;
"starred" in Scotland, 1875-7; made his-
first appearance in London at the Duke's.
Theatre, April, 1878, as Jock Hoivieson in
' Cramond Brig ; ' engaged at the Lyceum,
December, 1878,
Giddens, George. Actor, born 1845 ;
after experience in the provinces and
America, appeared for the first time in
London at the Folly Theatre in August,
1878, as Jenk in 'The Idol' {q.v.). In the
following year he became a member of the
company at the Criterion Theatre, where-
he figured in the original casts of ' Jilted '
(1879), 'Betsy' {Richard Talbot, 1879),
* Where's the Cat ? ' (1880), ' Brave Hearts '
(1881), 'Butterfly Fever' (1881), 'Flats'
(ISSl), 'Fourteen Days' (1882), ' Little Miss
Muffit ' (1882), ' Featherbrain ' (1884), ' The
Candidate' {Alaric Baffin, 1884), 'The Man
with Three Wives' (1888), 'The Circassian'
{Schamyl, 1887). During the same period
he was seen at the same theatre as Sim in
' Wild Oats ' (1886), Squire Chivey in ' David
Garrick ' (1886), Talbot in ' Our Boys ' (1887),
and Caleb Deecie in 'Two Roses' (1887),
Since then he has played in London the
following (and other) original parts : Filijypo
in 'Fennel' and Fred in ' Nita's First'
(Novelty, 1888), Dr. Glynn in ' The Balloon *
and uEsop in ' .^sop's Fables' (Strand,
1889), Bracebridge in 'The Headless Man'
(Criterion, 1889), Mr. Serious in 'Pamela's
Prodigy ' (Court, 1891), Greemvood in ' The
Passport' (Terry's, 1895), Oliver Brown in
' Cheer, Bovs, Cheer ' (Drury Lane, 1895),
Joseph Pinglet in 'A Night Out' (Vaude-
ville, 1896), ^Terence O'Hagan in ' The Noble
Lord ' (Criterion, 1900), Amfis Bloodgood in
' Are You a Mason ? ' (Shaftesbury, 1901),
and Simpson in ' Sporting Simpson ' (Royalty,
1902). Other parts which he has played in
London are Dunbilkin ' Still Waters ' (1889),.
I
GIDDY GALATP:A
GILBERT
Tony Lumpkin (1890), Paragon in ' Welcome,
Little Stranger' (1S90), Grandierin ' Delicate
(Iniund' (1S90), Spanker in 'London As-
surance' (1S90), Careless in 'The School for
Scandal ' (1S91)— all at the Criterion:
Giddy Galatea. An " operatic trifle,"
in one act, written by Henry Edlin, com-
^losed by Edward Jones, and produced at
the Duke of York's Theatre, London, Novem-
ber 15, 1895.
Giddy Goat (Tlie)- A farcical play, in
three acts, adapted by Augustus Moore
fr(jm Leon Gandillot's ' Ferdinand Le
JS^oceur ' (Theatre Dejazet, Paris, December
19, 1890) ; first performed at the Opera House,
Weymouth, August 12, 1901, and at Terry's
Theatre, London, August 22, 1901, with a
cast including James Welch, Miss Beatrice
Ferrar, Miss Fanny Brough, etc. See
Joseph.
Giddy Godiva ; or, The Girl that
-was sent to Coventry. A burlesque
by H. Chance Newton, first performed at
Sanger's Amphitheatre, London, October
13, 1883. See Godiva ; Lady Godiva ;
Little Lady Godiva.
Giddy Miss Carmen. A burlesque of
Jiizet's opera, written by .Sidney Lester,
with music by A. Austin, J. Crook, J. M.
Glover, Scott Gatty, Sidney Jones, M. Lutz,
and IVIay Ostlere ; Aquarium, Brighton,
August 27, 1894.
Giddy Ostend; or, The Absent-
minded Millionaire. A vaudeville
Avritten by H. Chance Newtox, composed
liy (}. Jacobi, and produceil at the London
liippodrome, January 1, 1900,
Giffard, Mary Agnes. Actress ;
■made lier Londun debut at the Princess's
Theatre, December 5, 1871, as Clara in ' On
the Jury' {q.v.). She was in the original
casts of Byron's 'Courtship' (1879), Wing-
tield's 'Mary Stuart' (1880), Calraour's
' Amber Heart ' (1887), Jerome's ' Wood-
harrow Farm' (1891), etc. She was Emilia
in ' The Comedy of Errors ' at the Strand in
1833.
Gifford, William. Miscellaneous
•writer, born 1756 ; died 1826 ; published
annotated editions of the works of Massinger
(1805 and 1813), Ben Jonson (1816), and John
Ford (1S27). His notes to the dramas of
James Shirley were utilized by Dyce in his
edition of Shirley's worSs (1833). In his
satire, 'The Maeviad,' Gitford discusses some
of the players of his day.
Gifted Lady (The). A play in three
acts, written by Robert Buchanan in bur-
lesque of Ibsen's dramas, and produced at
the Avenue Theatre, London, June 2, 1891,
with a cast including W. H. Yernon, H.
Paulton, Miss Cicely Richards, Miss Lydia
Cowell, and Miss Fanny Brough.
Gil Bias. A comedy by Edward JIoore
iq.v.), founded on the story of Aurora in
Le Sage's novel, and first performed at
Drury Lane on February 2, 1751, with
Garrick in the title part, Mrs. Pritchard as
Aurora, Woodward as Don Lewis, Palmer
as Don Felix, and Yates, Shuter, etc., in
other 7-dZes. Gil Bias is servant to Aurora,
who, loving Don Lewis, follows him to
Salamanca, where she assumes male attire
and the name of her brother Don Felix.
Hence the complications of the plot. An
altered version of this play was performed
at Covent Garden under the title of ' The
Female Adventure ' {q.v.). See It is Well
IF it Takes. 'Gil Bias' was the title of a
" pantomimic drama " produced at New
York in 1S02, with Jefferson in the title part.
(2) 'Gil Bias at Seventeen, Twenty-Five,
and Fifty-Two : ' an opera in five acts, pro-
duced at the Lyceum Theatre, London, in
1822, with Miss Kelly as Gil Bias at seven-
teen, Pearman as Gil Bias at twenty-five,
and Hartley as Gil Bias at fifty-two. (3)
' Gil Bias : ' a play performed at the Victoria
Theatre, London, in December, 1838, with
Mrs. Hooper in the title part and N. T.
Hicks as Orlando. See Boy of Santillane
and Little Gil Blas (Farnie, 1870).
Gilbert, John [real name, Gibbs].
Actor, born at Boston, U.S A., February
27, 1810 ; died there, June 17, 1889 ; began
life in a dry-goods store, but in his nine-
teenth year made successful public appear-
ances in his birthplace at the Tremont
Theatre as Jaffier and Sir Edward Morti-
mer. This led to his joining the histrionic
profession, opening in Shylock; but he soon
discovered that he had to begin at the
beginning. Acting small parts for some
time in the Tremont stock company, he
next went to the Camp Street Theatre, New
Orleans, whei-e he made a hit as an old man
in 'The May Queen'— a triumph which
decided the general trend of his career.
For five years he toured through the States,
then returning (in 1834) to the Tremont,
Boston, where he remained for another five,
plaving a large variety of parts. Next he
went to the Old Bowery, New York, there
appearing in a series of leading characters,
after which he was again seen iu Boston,
successively at the Tremont and the Na-
tional. In April, 1846, Gilbert went for a
change and rest to London, where he was
persuaded to appear at the Princess's The-
atre, making his debut as Sir Robert Bramble
in ' The Poor Gentleman.' He was so much
liked that he was engaged for the following
season, during which he played many of the
old-men roles in English comedy. His next
appearance was at the Park Theatre, New
York, where he remained till the burning
of the house in 1848. Next came more work
at the Old Bowery ; then a five years' stay
at Philadelphia, followed in 1854 by a return
to Boston, at whose new theatre he was
employed till 1857. Again he spent five years
in Philadelphia, re-appearing in New York
in 1862 at Wallack's on Broadway, to which
theatre he continued to be attached till
1SS8. Of his most notable impersonations
J. Ranken Towse wrote (in the 'Century'
magazine) :— " The fame of his Sir Anthnny
Absolute entitles it to be placed at the head
of the list. It is difficult to believe that the
2 P
GILBERT
GILBERT
choleric old Englishman ever had a better
representative. His Sir Peter Teazle is a
companion piece of almost equal merit, hut
is distinctly inferior. It is a little deficient
in polish. Take Old Dornton in the ' Road
to Ruin :' no more perfect picture of probity,
benevolence, and tenderness could be im-
apned. AVhat a wealth of humour he
infused into Lord Duherly ! His Lord Oglehy
is another instance of his wide versatility,
as is his Sir Francis Gripe in the ' Busy-
body.' Even more striking is the contrast
between his Master Walter in the ' Hunch-
back ' and his Mr. Hardcastle in ' She Stoops
to Conquer.' His Sir Harcourt Courtly is as
finished a modern portrait as any of the old
ones just enumerated. "Who would suppose
this exquisite was identical with the
ruffianly McKenna in ' Rosedale,' the fussy
old Brisemouche in ' A Scrap of Paper,' or
the jealous old husband in ' The Guv'nor ' ? "
''He gave," writes William Winter in
'Shadows of the Stage,' "the best per-
formance of Caliban that ever was seen in
America. One of the best of his achieve-
ments was the embodiment of the Abbe
Constantin, which he gave when his days
were nearly ended. ... He was sometimes
a great actor; he was always a correct
one." See the " Life " of Gilbert by Howard
Carroll.
Gilbert, Mrs. G- H. [Ann Hartley].
Actress, born 1822, at Rochdale, Lancashire ;
began her career at Bury St. Edmunds as
a dancer. In 1846 .she married G. H.
Gilbert, who was also a dancer on the
Norwich Circuit, and in October, 1S49, went
to America with her husband (who died in
New York in 1S66). Her entree in the States
was made as a dancer at Chicago in 1851.
Her debut as an actress was made at the
Cleveland Theatre in the spring of 1857.
Later she began at Louisville an engagement,
as "first old woman," which lasted till
November, 1861, when she went to Wood's
Theatre, Cincinnati. Among her parts
during this apprenticeship "out West " were
Lady Creamly, Mrs. Toadies, Mrs. Hard-
castle, Lady Macbeth, and small roles in
' Pocahontas.' Her first appearance in New
York was made as the Baroness in ' Finesse '
(q.v.) in September, 1864, at the Olympic
Theatre. There she remained for two
seasons, playing such characters as Mrs.
Gamp and Betsy Trotwood, and then mi-
grating to the Broadway Theatre, where she
was seen in 1867 as the original representa-
tive in America of the Marquise in ' Caste '
(q.v.). Her membership of Augustin Daly's
" company of comedians" began in August,
1869, at the Fifth Avenue Theatre, New
York, and continued till Daly's death in
] 899. Under his management she sustained
the following (and other) original parts: —
Baronne de Cambri in Daly's 'Frou-Frou'
(1870), Mts. Vanderpool in ' Saratoga' (1870),
The Infant Phenomenon in ' The Savage and
the Maiden' (1871), Mrs. Kemp in ' Divorce'
(1871), The Todd in ' Diamonds ' (1872), Mar-
(■aretta in 'Madeline Morel' (1873), Bas-
iienne iu 'Folliue' (1874), Carolina Caical-
lader in 'The Big Bonanza' (1875), Dame
Elsie in 'The New Leah' (1875), Aunt
Dorothy in ' Pique ' (1875), Elizabeth Stark
in ' Lemons ' (1877), Mrs. Bull in ' Blue
Glass' (1877), Septia in 'Vesta' (1877),
Mother Hundreds in ' The Dark City ' (1877),
Mrs. Bargiss in ' Seven-Twenty-Eight ' (1883),
Mrs. Lamb in 'Dollars and Sense' (1883),
Eudnxia Quattles in 'Love on Crutches'
(1884), Zantijype Babbitt in 'A Night Off'
(1885), Mrs. Dangery in ' Nancy and Co.*
(1886), Mrs. Laburmim in ' The Railroad of
Love' (1887), and Mrs. Sherramy in 'The
Lottery of Love ' (1888). While with Daly,
Mrs. (irilbert was the first representative in
America of Mrs. Kinpeck in ' Play,' Frau Von
Harfthal in ' Dreams,' Hester Dethridge in
' Man and Wife,' Mrs. Mould in ' Not such a
Fool as he Looks,' Miss Garth in ' No Name,'
Mrs. Hou'ard in ' False Shame,' 3[iss Champ-
neys in ' Our Boys,' 3[rs. Gunn in ' Weak
Woman,' etc. Among the other parts in
which she figured at the Fifth Avenue may
be named Countess Pompion in ' Old Heads
and Young Hearts,' Lady Allworth in 'A
New Way to pay Old Debts,' Mrs. Croaker
in ' The Good-natured Man,' Lady Duberly
in ' The Heir at Law,' Lady Wronghead in
'The Provoked Husband,' Widow Warren
in 'The Road to Ruin,' Dame QuicJdy in
'The Merry Wives of Windsor,' 3[rs. Can'
dour in ' The School for Scandal,' Mrs.
Rackett in ' The Belle's Stratagem,' Mdme.
Deschapelles in ' The Lady of Lyons,' and
Curtis in ' The Taming of the Shrew.' Mrs.
Gilbert accompanied Daly on all his visits
to London. See her ' Stage Reminiscences*
in Scribner's for 1901.
Gilbert, William. Novelist and mis-
cellaneous writer, born 1804, died 1890 ;
was the author of a tragedy in blank verse
called ' Morna,' and of an English version
of the old libretto of ' Lucia di Lammer-
moor,' both privately printed (' Dictionary
of National Biography ') ; also of a novel
entitled 'Margaret Meadows' (1859), dra-
matized by Tom Taylor. See MarY i
Warner.
Gilbert, William Schwenk. Dra-
matic writer, born November 18, 1836 ;
author of the following pieces, details of
which are given elsewhere in this volume : —
' Dulcamara ' (1866), ' Allow me to Explain '
(1867), ' Highly Improbable ' (1867), ' Harle-
quin Cock Robin' (1867), 'The Merry Zin-
gara ' (1868), ' La Vivandi^re ' (1868), ' Robert i
the Devil' (1868), 'No Cards' (1869), 'The
Pretty Druidess' (1869), 'An Old Score' |
[afterwards 'Quits'] (1869), 'Ages Ago* I
(1869), ' The Princess ' [see 'Princess Ida'],
(1870), 'The Gentleman in Black' (1870),
' Our Island Home ' (1870), ' The Palace of i
Truth ' (1870), ' A :\Iedical Man ' (a come- 1
dietta contributed to a book of ' Drawing- 1
room Plays' in 1870), 'Randall's Thumb'
(1871), ' A Sensation Novel '(1871), ' Creatures (
of Impulse ' (1871), ' Great Expectations ' I
(1871), ' On Guard ' (1871), ' Pygmalion and j
Galatea' (1871), 'Thespis; or. The Gods|
Grown Old' (1871), ' Happy Arcadia' (1872).
' The Wicked World ' (iS73), ' The Realms of
GILBERTE
579
GILES COREY
Joy' (1873), 'The Wedding March' [see
' Haste to the Wedding '] (lb73), ' Ought We
to Visit Her ' (1S74), ' Charity ' (1874), ' Com-
mitted for Trial ' [see ' On Bail '] (1874),
• Topsyturvydom ' (1874), ' Sweethearts '
(1874), ' Trial by Jury ' (1875), ' Tom Cobb '
(1875), ♦ Eyes and No Eyes' (1875), 'Broken
Hearts' (1875), 'Dan'l Druce' (1876), 'Prin-
cess Toto ' (1876), ' On Bail' [see ' Committed
for Trial'] (1877), 'Engaged' (1877), 'The
Sorcerer' (1877), 'The Ne'er-do-weel' [after-
wards 'The Vagabond'] (1878), 'H.M.S.
Pinafore' (1878), 'Gretchen' (1879), 'The
Pirates of Penzance ' (1879), ' Patience '
(1881), 'Foggerty's Fairy' (1881), ' lolaiithe '
(1882), 'Princess Ida' [see 'The Princess']
(1884), ' Comedy and Tragedy ' (1884), ' The
Mikado ' (1885), 'Ruddigore' (1887), ' Bran-
tinghame Hall ' (1888), ' The Yeomen of the
Guard ' (1SS8), ' The Brigands,' a translation
(1889), ' The Gondoliers ' (1890), ' Rosencrantz
and Guildenstern' (1S91), ' Haste to the Wed-
ding' [see 'The Wedding March'] (1892),
' The Mountebanks ' (1892), ' Utopia. Limited '
(1893), 'His Excellency' (1894), 'The Grand
Duke' (1896), 'The Fortune-Hunter' (1897),
and ' The Fairy's, Dilemma ' (1904) ; author,
also, with G. A. A. Beckett, of ' The Happy
Land ' (1873), and, with H. J. Byron, F. C.
Burnand, and R. Reece, of ' The Forty
Thieves' (1878). Twenty-six of the above-
named pieces are included in the three
series of ' Original Plays ' published in
1876, 1881, and 1895 respectively. To the first
uf these volumes ' lolantlie ' has since been
added (1902). 'Original Comic Operas,' con-
taining eight of the libretti, was published
in ItslJO, in which year the author's ' Songs
of a Savoyard' also saw the light, W. S.
(Ulbert was at one period dramatic critic of
the Illustrated Tunen. See the autobio-
graphy contributed by him to the Theatre
magazine for April, 1883 ; also ' Illustrated
Interviews' (1893), 'The Savoy Opera,' by
Percy Fitzgerald (1894), Lawrence's 'Sir
Arthur Sullivan' (1899), and W. Archer's
' English Dramatists of To-Day ' (1882), and
'Real Conversations' (1904). See, further,
Mr. Mikado and Wreck of the Pinafore.
Grilberte. The heroine of the variotis
versions of Meilh.v^ and Halevy's ' Frou-
Frou' (q.v.).
Gilchrist, Constance. Actress ; born
1865; made her professional debut in 1873
at Drury Lane as Prince of the Mushrooms
in ' Jack in the Box.' In 1874 at the Adelphi
Theatre she played Harlequin in the panto-
mime by juveniles called ' The Children in
the Wood' (q.v.). She was afterwards
engaged at the Gaiety Theatre, where she
was the original representative of Tiddy-
widdi in ' Gulliver ' (1879), Muntgiron in ' The
Corsican Brothers and Co.' (1880), Abdullah
in 'The Forty Thieves' (1880), Polly in
'Bul)bles' (1881), Maid Marian in 'Little
Robin Hood' (1882), Anne in 'Blue Beard'
(1SS3), Miranda in 'Ariel' (18S3), etc. She
was also seen there as Libby in ' The Mighty
Dollar ' (ISSO), and as Florence in ' Captain
Cuttle' (1880).
Glided Ag-e (Tlie). A play by George
DiNSMORK, adapted from the story so named
by Mark Twain and C. Dudley Warner, and
first performed at the California Theatre,
San Francisco, in 1873, with J. T. Ravmond
as Colonel Mulberry Sellers. Miss Ada
Rehan has played Laura Hawkins in this
piece in America.
Gilded Fool(A). A play by Henry Guy
Carleto.x, Opera House, Providence, Sep-
tember 1, 1892 ; Fifth Avenue Theatre, New
York, November 7, 1892.
Gilded Youth. A drama in four acts,
by Sir Charles Young, first performed at
Brighton, September 30, 1872.— 'A Gilded
Youth : ' a play by Charles Townsend,
performed in U.S.A.
Gilderoy. (1) A play by William
Barrymore, produced at the Coburg The-
atre, London. (2) A drama in two acts, by
W. H. Murray (q.v.), first performed at
Edinburgh on June 25, 1827, with Pritchard
in the title part, Denham as Walter Lor/an,
J. R. Anderson as Carbine, Mackay as Jock
Muir, Miss M. Murray as Janet, etc. ; pro-
duced at New York in 1828, with H. Wal-
lack in the title part and Mrs. Wallack as
Jessy Logan; revived at the Marvlebone
Theatre in 1871.— A play called ' Gilderoy,
tlie Bonnie Boy ' was performed at Bath in
May, 1829.-" Gilderoy is said to have been
a notorious freebooter in the Highlands of
Perthshire, who, with his gang, for a con-
siderable time infested the country, com-
mitting the most barbarous outrages on
the inhabitants. He was at last hanged"
(Genest).
Gildon, Charles. Dramatic and mis-
cellaneous wTiter, born 1665, died 1724 ;
author of the following plays :— ' The Roman
Bride's Revenge ' (1697), ' Phaethon ' (1698),
' Love's Victim ' (1701), and ' The Patriot '
(1703), all of which see ; author, also, of an
adaptation of ' Measure for Measure' (q.v.)
(1700), and of ' The New Rehearsal ; or,
Bays the Younger, containing an Examen
of Mr. Rowe's Plays ' (1714-15) ; part author,
with John Dennis (q.v.), of ' A New Project
for Regulating the Stage ' (1720). To Gildon
are attributed an edition, brought down
to date, of Langbaine's ' Dramatick Poets '
(1698-9), ' A Comparison between the Two
Stages' (1702), and a 'Life of Mr. Thomas
Betterton ' (1710). See Gibber's 'Apology,'
'BiogTaphia Dramatica' (1812), Genest's
' English Stage ' (1832), and LoAve's ' The-
atrical Literature ' (1888).
Giles. The name of characters in BlCK-
ERSTAFF's 'Maid of the Mill' (q.v.) and
Reynolds' ' Blind Bargain ' (q.v.).
Giles Corey, Yeoman. A drama by
E. W. Presbrey and Mary E. Wilkins,
first performed at the Hollis Street The-
atrp, Boston, U.S. A., by the Theatre of Arts
and Letters, April 1, 1893 ; first represented
in New York at Palmer's Tlieatre, April 18,
1893, Avith Mrs. Agnes Booth and Eben
Plympton in the principal parts— those of a
woman and a man accused of, and sentenced
to death for. Avitchcraft.
GILESO SCROGGIXI
5S0
GIOVANNI IN LONDON
Gileso Scrogrg-ini. A dramatic piece
by Mark Lemon {q.v.), produced at the
Olympic Theatre, London, in 1841-4.
Grilfert, Charles. Musical composer,
executant, and conductor ; born 1787, died
1829 ; began life in the orchesti-a at the Park
Theatre, New York ; in 1S13 became one of
the managers of the Commonwealth The-
atre in that city ; was tlie first director tif
the Bowery Theatre (October, 1826), but
failed to conduct it with pecuniary success.
— His wife, a daughter of J. G. Holmaii
{q.v.), after figuring at the Haymarket The-
atre, made her American debut at the Park
Theatre, New York, in October, 1812, as
Lady Tou'iileii. Her last appearance took
place in New York in July, 1831, when slie
was seen as Constance and Mrs. Hallcr.
She died a few months later. " With every
grace of mind and person, she for many
years ranked as the first actress in America
in high comedy, and her merit in tragedy
was nearly as great " (J. N. Ireland).
Gilflory, Mrs. Gen'l. A character in
"WOOLF'S ' Mighty Dollar ' (q.v.).
Gill, William. American dramatic
writer; author of 'A Fatted Calf (189.^.
afterwards ' My Boys '), ' Miss Blythe of
Duluth,' 'The New Humpty Dumpty,' 'Our
Goblins,' 'Our Governess,' 'The Rising
Generation,' ' The Seven Ages,' ' That Sister
of his,' etc. ; also, part author, with F. G.
Maeder (g.v.), of 'My Sweetheart' (q.v.);
with R. Fraser, of ' Six of One and Half a
Dozen of the Other' and 'Such is Life;'
with H. A. Dixey, of • Adonis,' 'The Alder-
man,' and 'Arcadia;' and, with R. Fraser
and H. G. Donnelly, of ' By the Sad Waves '
(1898).
Gillette. A comic opera in three acts,
music by Audran, libretto by MM. Chivut
and Duru, first performed at the Bouffes
Parisiennes in November, 1832 ; fii-st played
in England, with libretto by H. Savile
Clarke, at the Royalty Theatre, London,
on November 19, 18S3, w'ith Walter Browne
as Count Raymond, F. Kave as King Bene,
W. J. Hill as Grifard, :\Iiss Kate Santley
as Gillette, Miss Kate Munroe as Rosita,
and Miss iNIaud Tavlor as Oliver. The story
is founded, like ' All's Well that Ends Well '
(q.v.), upon Boccaccio's tale of Gillette de
Narbon.
Gillette, "William. Actor and dra-
matic writer, born at Hartford, Connecticut,
1857 ; joined the histrionic profession in
1877. His first play, apparently, belongs to
1879—' The Professor's Wooing.' That was
followed bv ' Esmeralda '(with Mrs. Hodgson
Burnett, 1882), ' Held by the Enemy ' (1886),
' A Legal Wreck ' (1888), ' All the Comforts
«.f Home' (with H. Duckworth, 1891),
' Ninety Days ' (1893), ' The Secret Service'
(1896), ' Because She Loved Him So ' (1898),
and 'Sherlock Holmes' (with Sir A. C.
Doyle, 1901). William Gillette is the author,
also, of a libretto founded on Haggard's
' She,' and of adaptations from the French
and German. As an actor he has been
seen in England in his own productions —
' Secret Service ' (1897), ' Too Much Johnson'
(1898), and ' Sherlock Holmes ' (1901).
Gillian. The students' landlady in
Fletcher's 'Chances' (q.v.). See Land-
i LADY.
j Gillies, Kobert Pearse. Miscel-
I laneous writer, born 1788, died 1858 ; trans-
lated a play named ' Guilt ; or. The Anni-
versary,' from the German of A. G. A.
Muellner (1819).
Gilliflower, Adonis. The hero of
Pnipps's ' My Very Last Proposal ' (q.v.).
Gilliland, Thomas, published in 1804
' A Dramatic Synopsis, containing an essay
on the political and moral use of a theatre ;
involving remarks on the dramatic writers
of the present day, and strictures on the
performers of the two theatres ; ' also, in
1808, 'The Dramatic Mirror' (q.v.). See
Lowndes' ' Bibliographer's Manual ' and
Lowe's ' Theatrical Literature.'
Gilmore, Frank. Actor; was in the
original castsof 'Joseph's Sweetheart' (1888),
'Captain Swift' (Harry Scahrook, 1888),
' That Doctor Cupid ' (1889), ' Miss Tomboy'
(Tom Fashion, 1890), etc.
Gimblet. A character in Selby's ' Ask
no Questions' (q.v.).
Gin. A dramatic version by George
Roberts of Zola's ' L'Assommoir ' (q.v.),
Victoria Theatre, London, INIarch 27, 1880.
Gin, Q,ueen. See Deposing and Death
OF Queen Gin.
Ging-er, Captain. The leading male
character in H. J. Byron's ' Weak Woman '
(q.v.).
Gioconda (La). An opera, music by
PonchieUi, libretto by Boito, Covent Garden
Theatre, May 31, 1883 ; ^Metropolitan Opera
House, New York, December 20, 1883 ; per-
formed, with libretto translated and adapted
by Henry Hersee, Grand Opera House,
New York, June 1, 1893.— 'La Gioconda;
or. The Actress of Padua : ' a "revised ver-
sion" of Victor Hugo's ' Angelo [q.v.] ; or.
The Actress of Padua,' first acted under this
title. New Orleans, January 21, 1594.
Giordano. A tragedy by James Law-
son, produced at New York in November,
1828.
Giovanna, The Lady. The heroine
of Tennyson's ' Falcon ' (q.v.).
Giovanni, Don. See Don Giovanni
and Little Don Giovanni.
Giovanni in London ; or. The
Libertine Reclaimed. An operatic ex-
travaganza in two acts, by W. T. MoNCRlEFF,
first performed at the Olympic Theatre,
London, December 26, 1817, with Mrs.
Gould as the Don, and R. Keeley as Lepo-
rello. Later, the Don was played by Mdme.
Vestris, who made a great success in the
character. The piece was first performed
in America at New York in March, 1827,
with Mrs. Hackett as Giovanni. It was
GIP
GIRL FROM ]\IAXI:M'S
played so lately as 1844 at the Victoria The-
atre, London. Among the characteis are
Finikin, Pojnnjaij, Squalling Fanny, Mrs.
Leporello, Mr. and Mrs. Drainemdry, and
Mr. and Mrs. Porous. 'Giovanni in New
York' was seen in that city in 1841, with
Mrs. Thome as the Don. ' Giovanni in
Gotham' was brotight out in New York in
1S42, with Mrs. Timm as the Don.
Grip. A character in Reade's • Wander-
ing Heir' (q.v.).
Gipsies (The). A comic opera in two
acts, adapted by C. Dibdin from Favart's
' La Bohemienne,' and first performed at
the Haymarket Theatre in August, 177S.
— ' Gipsies : ' an operetta in one act, words
l»y Basil Hood, music by Wilfred Bendall,
Prince of Wales's Theatre, London, October
25, 1890.
Gipsy (The). A play in one act, by
Charles Hannan, Theatre Royal, Kidder-
minster, May 6, 1901.
Gipsy Earl (The). A drama in four
acts, by George R. Sims, first performed at
the Adelphi Theatre, London, August 31,
1898, Avith Fred Terry in the title part
{Pharaoh Lee, reaWy Lord Trevannion), M\iis
Julia Neilson as Naomi Lovcll (I'eally Miss
Jloy), and other parts by G. Hippesley, E.
Maurice, H. Nicholls, W. Mollison, Miss
Keith Wakeman, IMiss S. Fairbrother, Mrs.
Henry Leigh, Miss Marriott, etc.
Gipsy Farmer (The). A drama in
two acts, by J. B. JoiiNSTONE (q.v.), per-
formed at the Surrey Theatre in 1844.
Gipsy Gabriel. A comic opera in three
acts, libretto (founded on the opera of ' Guy
Mannering') by Walter Parke and Wil-
liam IIOGARTH, music by Florian Pascal,
Bradford, November 3, 1887.
Gipsy Jack. (1) An extravaganza by
W. T. MoNCRlEFF, performed at the Coburg
Theatre, London. (2) A drama in four acts,
by Henry Bedford, first performed at the
Victoria Theatre, Burnley, August 5, 1899,
•with the author in the title part ; INIorton's
Theatre, Greenwich, January 22, 1900.
Gipsy King- (The); or, The Peri-
lous Pass of the Cataract. A romantic
drama in three acts, by J. BoswoRXU, first
performed at the Queen's Theatre, London,
May 25, 1837.
Gipsy Prince (The). A comic opera
in two acts, words by Thosias Moore,
music by Kelly, first performed at the Hay-
market Theatre in July, 1801.
Gipsy Queen (The). A play in one
act, founded on ' The Hunchback of Notre
Dame
1893.
Gipsy's "Venseance (The). The title
given to an English version of ' II Trova-
tore,' produced at New York in 1858.
Gipsy's Warning- (The). An opera
in three acts, libretto by Lixley and Peake,
music by Jules Benedict (q.v.), Drury Lane
Theatre, April 19, 1838 ; performed in New
York in 1841.
West London Theatre, June 23,
Giralda ; or, The Sieg-e of Harlech.
A tragedy by John Jackson, performed at
Dublin in 1777, and at Covent Garden in
May, 1778 (under the title of ' The British
Heroine ').
Giralda, ou la Nouvelle Psyche.
An opera, libretto by Scribe and music by
Adolphe Adam (Opera Comique, Paris, 1850),
of which several dramatic adaptations have
been produced in England : (1) ' Giralda ;
or. The Invisible Husband,' produced at
the Olympic Theatre, London, September
12, 1850, with INIrs. Stirling as Giralda, Leigh
Murray as Do7i Manuel (her husband), W.
Farren as Don Philip, G. Cooke as Don
Japhet, Mrs. Leigh Murray as the Princess
of Arragon, H. Compton as Piquillo (the
miller), etc. (2) ' Giralda ; or, The Miller's
Wife,' written by Benjamin Webster, and
produced at the Haymarket Theatre, Sep-
tember 16, 1850, with Miss Fitzwilliara as
the heroine, E. Wright as Gil (the miller),
P. Bedford as Don Japhet, etc. (3) ' Geraldi ;
or, The Invisible Husliand,' performed at
the City of London Theatre, October 19,
1850, with Miss E. Clayton as the heroine,
E. F. Saville as Pillano, W. Searle as Don
Japhet, etc. (4) ' Giralda ; or. Which is my
Husband ? ' produced at the Grecian Saloon,
October 25, 1850.— Adam's opera, with an
English libretto by Arthur Baildon, was
produced by Carl Rosa at the Lyceum
Theatre, London, September 21, 1876, with
Miss Ida Corani as the heroine, Miss
Josephine Yorke as the Queen, H. Nord-
blom as Don Manuel, F. H. Celli as the
Prince of Arragon, C. Lyall as Gines, and
Aynsley Couk as Don Japhet.—' Giralda ;
or, Love and Mystery,' was produced at
New York, Mith INIrs. Skerratt as Giralda,
George Jordan as Don Manuel, ^\. E. Bur-
ton as Gil. and Lester Wallack as the King.
See also Dark Night's Work ; Maid of
THE Mill ; Manieaux Noirs.
Girardin, Madame de. See Angel
or Devil ; Betty Martin ; Kerry.
Girl from Chili (The). A three-act
farcical comedy, by Wm. L. Roberts, origi-
nally produced at Burt's Theatre, Toledo, O.,
December 25, 1898.—' The Girl from 'Frisco :'
a musical comedy in three acts, written by
Myron Leffingwell, Ballston Spa, New
York, October 4, 1897.
Girl from Kay's (The). A musical
comedy in three acts, written by " OwEV
Hall,'"' "Adrian Ross," etc., and composed
by Cecil Cook and others ; produced at
the Apollo Theatre, London, November 15,
1902, with Miss Ethel Irving in the title
part (Winnie Harhorough), and other cha-
racters by Miss Kate Cutler, Miss Letty
Lind, Miss M "^'Ungton, Miss E. Snyder,
INIiss K. Gord' ' "^ W. Garden, Louis Brad-
field, Aubre ii^'^- raid, W. Cheesman, F.
Emney, ,":nor'-"e 91 douin.
. ^.H'ertu'^acSd'- oa^'s (The). A farce
*" id of s" INIiss Ffv from the 'Dame de
<^tab:sliked her part, i,es Feydeau (Paris,
stai.siin. x- .^.ji^j^ Theatre, New
GIRL FROM PARIS
GIROFLE-GIROFLA
Haven, Ct., August 24, 1899 ; Criterion The-
atre, New York, August 29, 1899 ; Criterion
Theatre, London, March 20, 1902, with Miss
Beatrice Ferrar in the title part {Praline),
H. Standing and E. W. Garden as General
and Dr. Petitpont, Miss R. Erskine as
Madame Petitpont, and other parts by Mrs.
E. Saker, E. M. Robson, W. Wyes, etc.
Girl from Paris (The). A musical
farce in two acts, book by George Dance,
music by Ivan Caryll, and orchestration by
George Hayes, performed in America at the
Herald Square Theatre, New York, Decem-
ber 8, 1896. See Gay Parisienne.
Girl from Up There (The). An ex-
travaganza in three acts, libretto by HUGil
Morton, music by Gustav Kerker, pro-
duced in New York at the Herald Square
Theatre, January 7, 1901, with Miss Edna
iNIay in the title part (Olga), Miss Virginia
Earle as Phrynette, and other parts by
FarrenSoutar, H.Davenport, etc. ; produced
at the Duke of York's Theatre, London,
April 23, 1901, with Miss May, INIiss Earle.
F. Farren, and H. Davenport in their original
roles.
Girl Graduate (A): an Idyll of
Commem. A comedietta in one act, by
Edward Rose, New Theatre, Oxford, June
28, 1886.
Girl he Left Behind him (The). A
"variety "in one act, "conveyed from the
French by Delacour Daubigny" (G. R.
Sims), the music by Max Schroeter, first
performed at the Vaudeville Theatre, Lon-
don, on November 28, 1881, with J. R.
Craufurd as Tom Tarpaulin, Thomas Thorne
as Peter Popcorn, and W. Lestocq and Miss
Kate Phillips in other parts.— ' The Girl
he Left Behind him ' is the sub-title of
BURNAND's ' On the Rink ' (q.v.).
Girl I Left Behind me (The). (1)
A play by John Oxenford, first performed
at the Olympic Theatre, London, on Novem-
ber 2, 1864. See FIRST AFFECTIONS. (2)
A play by David Belasco and Franklin
Fyles, first performed January 6, 1893,
Sadler's Wells, London ; produced at the
National Theatre, Washington, January 16,
1893 ; produced at the Empire Theatre, New
York, January 23, 1893 ; produced at the
Adelphi Theatre, London, April 13, 1895,
with W. Terriss as Lieutenant Raickesworth,
Miss IMillward as Kate Kennion, and other
parts by F. H. Macklin, C. Fulton, \V. L.
Abingdon, E. W. Gardiner, etc.
Girl I Love (The). A play by E.
Barnes, performed in U.S.A.
Girl in Style (The). A farce by Mrs.
SCOEN, first performed at Covent Garden
on December 6, 1786.
Girl of my Heart (The); or, Jack
Ashore. A drama in f^ea jT-cts, by Her-
bert Leonard, Surrey' (witbe, London,
December 21, 1896. iillette is l
Girl -up to Date uncled on H^iay by
Eille Norwood, firsrions from the t^-^ at
Schenectady, New ■::n actor he has h<ca
1895. See NOBLE A; his own productions-
Girl Wanted. (I) A farcical comedy
in three acts, by R. N. Stephenson, Four-
teenth Street Theatre, New York, January
6, 1895. (2) A play by Frank Bush, per-
formed in U.S.A.
Girl with a Temper (A). A plav by
Alfred Hennequin and Joseph A. JEs^r.L,
Pottsville, Pa., May 4, 1893; People's The-
atre, New York, May 17, 1893.
Girl's "Way (A). A play by Miss
Marsden, performed in U.S.A.
Girls (The). A comedy in three acts,
by H. J. Byron iq-v.), first performed at the
Vaudeville Theatre, London, on April 19,
1879, with Miss Kate Bishop as Mabel
Clench, Miss M. Illington as Clara Mcrton,
Miss S. Larkin as Mrs. Clench, Miss Cicely
Richards as Jane, H. Howe as Josiah
Clench, D. James as Plantagenet Potter, T.
Thorne as Tony Juclson, C. W. Garthorne
as Lord Aspland; played in the English
provinces in 1879, with J. C Cowper as
Potter and Pitt as Judson.
Girls and Boys: a Nursery Tale.
A comedy in three acts, by A. W. Pinero
iq.v.), first performed at Toole's Theatre,
London, on October 31, 1882, Avith J. L.
Toole as Solomon Prothero, J. Billington as
Josiah Papworth, E. D. Ward as Mark
Avory, Miss Ely Kempster as Jenny Kibble,
MissMyra Holme as Gillian West, and other
parts by Miss E. Johnstone, E. AY. Garden,
G. Shelton, and Miss Nelly Lyons. 3[ark
and Gillian fall in love, but, Papicorth (who
has adopted Mark) disapproving of the
alliance, Gillian agrees to marry Solomon.
In the end Mark and Gillian come together
again, and Solomon marries Jenny. The
comedy was first performed in America at
Daly's Theatre, New York, November 5,
1883, with J. Lewis as Prothero, C. Fisher
as Papworth, and Miss Ada Rehan as Jenny
Kibble.
Girls of the Period (The). A
"musical folly" by F. C. Burnand, pro-
duced at Drury Lane, February 25, 1869.
Girls will be Girls. A musical comedy
in three acts, written by Florence Lyndall,
composed by Arthur Gatburn and Herbert
Sydney ; Royalty Theatre, Llanelly, March
19, 1900.
Girofle - Girofla. An opera bouffe,
libretto by Leterrier and Vanloo, music
by C. Lecocq (Brussels, March, 1874), pro-
duced at the Op(5ra Comique Theatre, Lon-
don, June 6, 1874 ; performed, with an
English libretto by Clement O'Neil and
Campbell Clarke, Philharmonic Theatre,
London, October 3, 1874, with IVIiss Julia
Mathews in the title roles, Miss Jenny Pratt
as Paquita, Miss Everard as A\irora, W.
H. Fisher as Marasquin, E. Rosenthal as
Mourzouk, E. W. Garden as Don Bolero,
etc. ; performed in the English provinces
in 1879, with Miss Catherine Lewis in the
title part. Miss Alice Cooke as Paquita, M.
Robson as Bolero ; revived at the Garden
Theatre, New York, with libretto revised
by M. C. Woodward and J. C. Goodwin,
GIROLA
5S3
GLAPTHORNE
and with Miss Lilian Russell and C. Hayden
Coffin in the cast.
G-irola. The heroine of Paulton and
BuCALOSSi's 'Manteaux Noirs' {q.v.).
Girouette. A musical comedy in three
acts, adapted by Robt. Stoepel and Fred
Williams from Coedes, D'Ennery, and
Bocage, and first performed in New York
at Daly's, April 13, 18S2, with Signor Monte-
griff e, Miss May Eielding, etc., m the cast.
Giselle, ou les "Wilis. A ballet with
a plot adapted by Theophile Gautier
from Heinrich Heine, and music by Adolphe
Adam, Grand Opera, Paris, July, 1841 ;
Olympic, New York, November, 1841 ; Her
Majesty's Theatre, London, March, 1S42.
«ee Wilis (The) ; or, The Night Dan-
cers. (2) ' Giselle and the Phantom Night
Dancers : ' a pantomime by F. Fentox
and W. R. Osman, first performed at the
Victoria Theatre, London, on December 26,
1863, with Miss Ada Harland as Giselle,
Miss R. Farren as Hymen, Miss Elise Holt
as Cupid, Miss Maria Daly as Ililarion the
Hunter, J. B. Johnstone as Minos, G. Yar-
nold as Peterlcin, etc. (3) * Giselle ; or. The
Sirens of the Lotus Lake : ' a burlesque by
Henry J. Byron, produced at the Olympic
Theatre, London, on July 22, 1S71, with
Miss E. Farren as Giselle, Miss Rose Beh-
rend as Albert, Miss Marie O'Berne as
Bertha, E. W. Garden as the Duke of Silesia,
George Belmore as Fridolin, etc.
G-isippus. A drama by Gerald Grif-
fin iq.e.), first performed at Drury Lane
Theatre, London, on February 23, 1842, with
W. C. Macready in the title r6le, J. R.
Anderson as Fulvivs, Miss Faucit as So-
phronia, Elton as Pheax, and Hudson as
Chremex ; first performed in America at the
Park Theatre, New York, September, 1844,
•with J. R. Anderson in the title part. It
•was revived at the City of London Theatre
at Easter, 1852, with Charles Pitt in the
title part ; at the Surrey Theatre, London,
in 1855, with Clarance Holt in the title part,
W. H. Hallatt as Fulvius, and Miss Carrie
Hope as the heroine. For accounts of the
play and its production, see Macready 's
•Diary,' Sir T. IMartin's 'Helena Faucit,'
and Anderson's 'An Actor's Life.' "The
play," says Sir T. Martin, "was undoubtedly
a work of youthful genius, -which deserved
a longer theatrical life."
Gismonda. A play in four acts, by
Victorien Sardou, an English version of
•which was produced at the Fifth Avenue
Theatre. New York (1S94-5), with Miss Fanny
Davenport in the title part.
Gitana (La). (1) A drama, in prologue
and three acts, by Edward Towers, Pa-
■vilion Theatre, London, April 15, 1876. (2)
An opera in two acts, libretto by Leslie
Moreton, music by Stephen Philpots,
Theatre Royal, South Shields, November
22, 1895 ; 'Parkhurst Theatre, London,
March 10, 1896.
Gitanilla (The) ; or, The Children
of the Zincali. A drama in throe acts.
by J. Crawford Wilson, first performed
at the Surrey Theatre, London, October 22,
1S60, with Miss Page as Camilla (the Gita-
nilla), W. Creswick as Pedro (Count of the
Ziucali), and other parts by Charles Rice,
J. F. AVarden, Miss Jenny Bellair, etc.
Give a Dog- a Bad Name. (1) A
farce in one act, by G. H. Lewes (q.v.),
first performed at the Lyceum Theatre,
London, April IS, 1854, with Frank Mat-
theM-s, Charles Mathews, and Miss M.
Oliver in the chief parts. (2) A drama in
two acts, by Leopold Lewis, first per-
formed at the Adelphi Theatre, London,
on November IS, 1876, with a cast including
S. Emery, W. Terriss, Miss Cicely Nott, and
Miss Rose Coghlan.
" Give Isaac the nyxaph -who no
beauty can hoast." First line of a
song in Sheridan's ' Duenna ' (g.v.)—
"And though in her cheeks I no dimples should see.
Let her smile — and each dell is a dimple to me."
Give me my Wife. A farce in one
act, by W. E. Suter (q.v.), first performed
at the Grecian Theatre, London, June 13,
1859, with a cast including Miss H. Coveney.
"Give me the dear little crea-
tures.'' First line of a song in ' Brother
and Sister.'
Glad Tiding-s. A drama, in a pro-
logue and five acts, by James W'illing and
Frank Stainforth ; Standard Theatre,
London, August 29, 1883.
Gladiator (The). A tragedy by Robert
M. Bird, produced at the Park Theatre,
New York, in September, 1831, with Forrest
as Spartacus, T. Placide as Florus, and
Mrs. Wallack as Julia ; first performed in
England at Drury Lane, October 17, 1836,
with Forrest as before, ^Mrs. Hooper as
Julia, Miss Huddart as Senona, Brindal as
Florus, and other parts by Bartley, Duruset,
Cooper, Warde, etc.— 'The Glad"iator' was
the title of the Italian version of M.
Soumet's play, in which Signor T. Salvini
appeared at Drury Lane in May, 1875. —
' The Gladiators : ' a play adapted by T. B.
Bannister, Theatre Royal, Cardiff, June 5,
1893.
Gladys. A comedy in three acts, by
Arthur Law, first performed at the Strand
Theatre, London, December 1, 1886.
Glamour. A comic opera in three acts,
libretto by H. B. Farnie and Alfred Mur-
ray, music by William Hutchison ; The-
atre Royal, Edinburgh, August 30, 1886.
Glance at New York (A). See New
York in 1848.
Glaphyra, in Cumberland's 'Arab,'
loves Herudian, and is beloved by Alcanor
('2-^'-)- an.
Glapthor^e of 'enry. Dramatic writer;
author of -ne ■\vith.s and Parthenia' and
' Albertu' acted " on?in,' printed in 1639 ;
and of..s." Miss Fa\der,' 'Wit in a Con-
staKsliked her part, ies' Privilege,' printed
GLASER
GLASGOW
in 1640. Other plays ascribed to him in
the Stationers' Register (1653 and 1660)
are ' The Duchess of Ferrandina,' ' The
Vestal,' 'The Parracide' (thought to be
identical with ' Revenge for Honour '), and
' The Noble Trial ' (probably the same as
' The Lady Mother '). Nothing is known of
Glapthorne's life, save that he dedicated a
play to Strafford and a poem to his " noble
friend," Richard Lovelace. His ' Plays
and Poems' were "first collected" and
published, with a memoir, in 1874. See,
also, Bullen's ' Old English Plays ' and the
tenth volume of ' The Retrospective Re-
view.' ' ' Glapthorne's metaphors, taken from
the world of flowers and from natural
phenomena in general, pleasingly relieve,"
says A. W. Ward, "the commonplace cha-
racter of his ideas. In no other respect is
he worthy of being singled out from the
crowd of contemporary dramatists " (' Eng-
lish Dramatic Literature ').
Glaser, Lulu. Actress and vocalist ;
has played leading parts in America in
'The Merry Monarch,' ' Erminie,' 'The
Devil's Deputy,' 'The Chieftain,' 'Haifa
King,' ' The Little Corporal,' etc.
Glasgow. The early history of the
stage in this city was like that of the stage
in all other Scottish communities — a con-
tinuous struggle against popular and official
prejudice. So early as 1595 the local Kirk
Session is found crusading against "vain
plays," and in 1670 the local magistrates
interdict the "running through the streets "
of "strolling stage players." In 1752 a
wooden booth was erected in the Castle
Yard specially for theatrical performances,
and among those who appeared in it was
West Digges (q-v.). Before the year was out,
however, the building was completely de-
stroyed by a mob of fanatics, inspired by
the eloquence of Whitefield. In 1764 a
more substantial structure was erected in
Grahamstown, just outside the city boun-
daries, and, though it was set fire to by
some zealots— the stage properties and
costumes being quite ^ destroyed— it was
nevertheless opened on the advertised day,
with Mrs. Bellamy (q.v.) in 'The Citizen'
and 'The Mock Doctor.' The managers
were Beatt and Love, w^ho held sway for
four years, followed in 1763 by Williams,
in 1772 by West Digges, and in 1773 by
Ross, the comedian. Next came Tate
Wilkinson (q.v.), who would have been suc-
ceeded in 17S0 by Bland, Mills, and John
•Jackson (q.v.), had not the theatre been
burned down in that year. The house was
not rebuilt, the next theatre established in
Glasgow being that which was set up by
Jackson alone in St. Enoch's Croft (after-
wards Dunlop Street) in 1782, at the cost of
over £3000. Jackson was manager of the
EdinbuFgh Theatre also, j^^nd for the first
few years of his reign ;' (^Dunlop Street
the performances in ^illettoiouses were
furnished by the same c^ded Oi-,f players,
by whom the travelIin<ons from t-'Qi-Q sup-
ported. In 1783 camel actor he u.^ and
in 1790 King and M"^ own producti the
latter year Jackson became bankrupt, and
Stephen Kemble took the reins, which he
relinquished in 1799 to Jackson, who had
meanwhile retrieved his ill fortunes and
acquired a partner (Francis Aiken). In
1804 Master Betty came to Dunlop Street,
which was destined, however, soon to have
a serious rival— namely, a much larger and
handsomer theatre erected in Queen Street,
at the cost of over £18,000. This was opened
in April, 1805, by Jackson and Aiken, who
had been accepted as lessees. Jackson
died shortly after, and the Dunlop Street
house was then sold to Andrew Thomson, a
merchant, for commercial purposes mainly.
Aiken's place at Queen Street was taken
by an actor named Rock, who was followed
by one Beaumont, the resident company
then including Fanny Kelly, Mrs. Glover,
Mrs. Orger, Wewitzer, and Oxberry. Miss
Davison had been seen here in 1805 ; in
1807 came George Frederick Cooke, Jack
Bannister, and R. W. Elliston ; and in
1808, Charles Mayne Young and Richard
Jones. In ISIO Bartley and Trueman be-
came managers, followed in 1812 by Mont-
gomerie, under whose auspices "Charle*
Kemble and W. C. Macready figured.
Montgomerie was succeeded in 1814 by
Harry Johnstone, who brought Edmund
Kean there in 1815 and Miss O'Neil in
1818 (in which year the theatre was for the-
first time lighted with gas). All this time
part of the Dunlop Street house had been
used for miscellaneous performances, and
in 1821 J. H. Alexander undertook its
direction. In 1823 the Queen Street The-
atre had two lessees in succession— Taylor
and Byrne— and Liston was seen for the
first time. A second theatre, called the :
Caledonian, was now opened in Dunlopi I
Street, by one Kinloch. In 1825 it lacked a f
tenant, and Alexander offered himself. He
had, however, been anticipated by Frank.
Seymour, stage manager at Queen Street.
Nothing daunted, Alexander hired a large
room in the basement of the building, and
set up rival performances. Byrne, mean-
while, had had to leave Queen Street, and
Seymour now took his place. It was not.
for long, for in January, 1S29, the theatre-
was burned to the ground. Seymour there-
upon opened a playhouse which had beea
built for him in York Street, and Alexander
responded by drawing public attention to
his considerable enlargement of the original
Dunlop Street Theatre. Among the suc-
cessive "stars" at that house were Van-
denhoff, T. P. Cooke, and Mackay (1829),
H. F. Lloyd (1830), Charles Mathews the
younger (1836), Mrs. Nesbitt (1838), and*
Charles Kean (1842). In the last named
year D. P. Miller began theatrical repre-
sentations in a wooden building, called the
Adelphi, which he had erected on the
Green. Phelps played there in 1S43. In
that year Edmund Glover (q.v.) and Miss
Faucit first appeared in Dunlop Street,
where, in 1844, Miss Laura Addison was in
the stock company. The following year
saw both the opening and the destruction
by fire of the City Theatre, which J. H.
GLASHEN GLORA
GLENCOE
Anderson, the Wizard of the North, had
built in proximity to the Adelphi. During
its short career its boards were trodden by
Sims Reeves, Mrs. FitzwiUiara, and Barry
Sullivan. The year 1845 was notable for
the first appearance of a touring company
In Glasgow. This was the Haymarket
troupe, which included Holl, Brindal, Til-
bury, Howe, Mrs. Humby, and Miss Julia
Bennett. Miss Cushman also appeared in
Dunlop Street in 1845. In 1848 the Adelphi
was destroyed by fire, and Calvert, who had
been its manager, built a brick theatre,
which he called the Queen's. Yet another
playhouse was opened in Glasgow in 1849,
and that was the Prince's in West Nile
Street, built by Edmund Glover out of the
profits of his Jenny Lind concerts. Here
( ilover figured in a round of characters,
Tom Powrie being the most prominent
member of his company. In 1851 J. H.
Alexander died, and the management of
Dunlop Street was essayed by Mercer
Simpson of Birmingham, 'who introduced
J. B. Buckstone, E. Wright (of the London
Adelphi), and Miss Glyn, to the local
public. Simpson, however, soon gave up
the business, making way, in October, 1852,
for Edmund Glover, by wliom the house
was conducted with censpicuous success
until his death in October, 1S60. During
t'lose eight years he was seen in many parts,
and under his nUjime first appearances in
C;iasgow were made by Mrs. Seymour (185.5),
.r. L. Toole (1855). Miss Herbert (18.55), Miss
Carlotta Leclercq (1857), the Wigans (1859),
B. Webster (1860), and Henry Irving (1800).
Subsequent dAbuts of tliis kind were those of
John Drew the elder (1861), John Brougham
(1862), and Charles Calvert (1862). On
January 31, 1863, the theatre was burned
down, and with it ended the theatrical
glories of Dunlop Street. In 1867 there
Avas erected in the Cowcaddens a Colosseum
Music Hall, whicli, in June, 1809, was trans-
formed into a " Theatre Royal," under the
management of William Glover {q.v.) and
E. J. Francis. This building, also, fell a
victim to the " devouring element" in 1879.
It was speedily rebuilt. Meanwhile, another
theatre had been erected in the Cowcaddens,
and christened the " Prince of Wales's ;" it
is now (1903) called the Grand. The Gaiety
was built in 1873 by Charles Bernard (.q.v.),
who managed it for some years. It is now
used as a music-hall. In addition to the
Royal and the Grand, the Glasgow theatres
now (1903) incluile a Royalty, a Princess's,
a Lyceum (Govan), and a King's. For a
sketch of the history of the Glasgow play-
houses down to 1863, see 'The Glasgow
Stage,' by Walter Baynham (g-.r.) (1892).
See also Jackson's ' Scottish Stage,' Wilkin-
son's ' Wandering Patentee,' Genest's ' Eng-
lish Stage,' and the various local Histories.
Glashen Glora; or, The Lovers'
Well. A drama in three acts, by R. DoD-
SON ; Pavilion Theatre, London, September
25, 1875.
Glass Houses. A comedy in three
acts, by F, W. Broughton iq.v.), first per-
formed at the Prince of AVales's Theatre,
Liverpool, on April 11, 1831.
Glass of Fashion (The). A comedy
in three acts, by G. R. Snis and Sydney
Grundy, produced at the Grand Theatre,
Glasgow, on March 26, 1883, with J. L.
Shine as John Macadam, Owen Dove as
Prmce Borowski, Miss Florence Cowell as
Mrs. Trevanion, and INIiss Grace Huntley
as Per/ O'Reilly ; first performed in London
(in four acts and as "by Sydney Grundy"
alone) at the Globe Theatre on September
8, 1883, with J. L. Shine as Macadam, H.
Beerbohm Tree as Prince Boroivski, H. J.
Lethcourt as Colonel Trevanion, Miss Alice
Lingard as Mrs. Trevanion, Miss Lottie
Venue as Peg O'Reilly, and Miss Carlotta
Leclercq as Lady Coombe.
Glass of Government (The). A
tragical comedy by George Gascoigne
(q.v.), "so entituled because therein are
1 andled as well rewards for Virtues, as
also the punishment for Vices ; " printed in
1575.
Glass of "Water (A). A comedy in
two acts, adapted by V/. E. Suter (g.v.)
from the ' Verre d'Eau ' of Scribe, and first
performed at the Queen's Theatre, London,
May 2, 1863. See Queen's Favourite.
Glass Slipper (The). See Cinde-
rella.
Glastonbury, Mary. The heroine of
a play so named.
Glaucea. A character in Wills's
' Medea' (q-v.).
Glaiicus. A "classical" burlesque by
F. T. Traill, Olympic Theatre, London,
July 5, 1865, with Miss E. Farren in the
title part, and other rdlcs bv Miss H.
Lindley, Mrs. Stephens, G. Vincent, and
W. H. Stephens.
Glavis. Friend of Beauseant in Lytton's
' Lady of Lyons ' {q.v.).
Glenalvon, in Home's 'Douslas' (q.v.),
pretends to be Lord Randoljjft's friend.
Glenarch. A play in four acts, by Sir
Charles Young (q-v.).
Glencoe(TheTrag-edyof); or, The
Fate of the Macdonalds. A play by
T. N. Talfouud (q.v.), first performed at
the Haymarket Theatre, London, on May
23, 1840, with Miss Helen Faucit as the
heroine (Helen CamjybelT), Macready as
Halbert Macdonald, Phelps as Glenlyon,
Webster as Maclan, and Mrs. Warner as
Jjady Macdonald. The piece was produced
anonymously, the author's name not being
announced till after the fall of the curtain
at the premiere (see Macready's ' Diary '_).
"In reading this play now," writes Sir
Theodore ^Martin (1900). " one marvels at
the patience of an audience which could
have borne with so many lona: speeches."
It was acted " only at intervals for twenty
nights." Miss Faucit, her husband says,
disliked her part, and never referred to" it
GLENDALOUGH
GLOUCESTER
with pleasure. The play was performed in
New York in March, 1848, with J. R.
Anderson as Halbert, and Miss F. Wallack
as Helen.
G-lendaloug-h.. A drama of Irish life
in four acts, by Edmund Gurney ; Queen's
Theatre, Manchester, December 14, 1891; first
acted in America, with the name of E. E.
Kidder as part-author, at Ford's Opera
House, Baltimore, November 7, 1892.
Glendower, Owen, in Shakespeare's
'Henry IV.,' is, says Hazlitt, "a masterly
character. It is as bold and original as it
is intelligible and thoroughly natural."
GlenfiUan, Lord. The " Earl of
Poverty " in Almar'S play so named (q.v.).
Gleng-all, Lord. Author of 'The
Irish Tutor' (q.v.).
Glenney, Charles. Actor, born 1857 ;
made his London debut at the Duke's The-
atre in 1878. He was the original repre-
sentative of the following (among many)
parts : Tom Jones in ' Sophia ' (1886), Br.
Glynn in 'The Balloon' (1888), Leighton
Buzzard In 'The Bungalow' (1889), Jack
Care.w in ' The Bookmaker ' (1890), and
Geoffrey St. Clair in ' A Million of Money'
(1890). He was in the first cast of ' A
Sailor's Knot ' (1891), ' The Black Domino '
(1893), 'The Duchess of Coolgardie ' (1896),
etc., and played in the Lyceum revivals of
'Romeo and JuUet ' (1882), 'Much Ado
About Nothing ' (1882), ' The Merchant of
Venice' (1887), and ' Werner ' (1887).
Glenney, T. H. Actor, died April,
1891.
Glenroy, Reuben. A character in
Morton's ' Town and Country' {q.v.).
Gli Amori Marinari. See Pirate of
Genoa.
Glib. An author in Garrick's 'Peep
behind the Curtain' (g.i\). — Gilbert Glib is
a character in Beazley's ' Cozening' (q.v.),
in which F. Yates {q.v.) hit off the pecu-
liarities of C Mathews {q.v.).
Glimpse of Paradise (A). A farcical
comedy in three acts, by Joseph Dilley
iq.v.), first performed at Ealing on January
1, 1887.
Glin Gatb.; or, The Man in the
Cleft. A drama in four acts, by Paul
Meritt, first performed at the Grecian
Theatre, London, on April 1, 1872.
Glinka. See Vie pour le Czar (La).
Glitter. A comedy in two acts, by
Gilbert Arthur a Beckett, first per-
formed at the St. James's Theatre, London,
on December 26, 1868. with a cast including
Gaston Murray, C. P. Flockton, and Miss
Maria Simpson.
Glitter, Mr. Felix. A character in
J. M. ^Morton's ' Kiss and be Friends ' {q.v.).
Gloamin' and the Mirk (The). A
drama by A. D. McNeill {q.v.). Princess's
Theatre,"Edinburgh, February S, 1869.
See London The-
Globe Theatre.
at res.
Gloire (La), in G. Colman jun.'s 'Sur-
render of Calais ' {q.v.).
Gloriana; or, The Court of Au-
g"ustus Caesar. A tragedy in rhyme by
Nathaniel Lee (^7.^;.), founded (like Mrs
Behn's 'Young King') on Calpren^de's
' Cleopatre,' and acted at the Theatre
Royal in 1676, witJi Mrs. Marshall in the
title part. Hart as Ccesario, Mohun as Au-
gustus, Kynaston as Marcellus, Mrs. Corbet
as Narasia, etc. Gloriana (daughter of
Pompey) is in love with Ccesario (son of
Julius Ccesar and Cleojmtra), and essays t^^
save him from Augustus (who is enamoured
of Gloriana) ; but Ccesario is led to think her
false with the emperor, and she kills herself.
"This," says Genest, "is Lee's worst tra-
gedy. It is quite contrary to history, and
abounds in bombast." (2) ' Gloriana : ' a
comedy in three acts, adapted by James
Mortimer from 'Le True d'Arthur' of
Chivot and Duru (a modern version of 'Le
Feu de 1' Amour et du Hasard,' by Marivaux),
and first performed at the Globe Theatre,
London, November 10, 1891 ; acted first in
America at Hermann's Theatre, New York,
February 15, 1892. ' Le True d'Arthur ' was
produced at the Palais Royal, Paris, October
14, 1882.
"Glories of our blood and state
(The)." First line of a song in Shirley's
' Contention of Ajax and Ulysses ' {q.v.)—
" Sceptre and crown
Must tumble clown.
And in the dust be equal made
With the poor crooked scythe and spade."
" Glories, pleasures, romps, de-
lig-hts, and ease." First line of a song
in Ford's ' Broken Heart' {q.v.) —
" Yiiuth may revel, yet it must
Lie down in a bed of dust."
Glory. A serio-comic drama in one act,
by H. P. Grattan {q.v.), founded on a story
by John Hollingshead, and first performed
at Halifax, January 2, 1871 ; produced at
the Charing Cross Theatre, London, on June
16, 1873.
Glory of Columbia (The). See
Andr:^ (Dunlap).
Glory's Resurrection, "being the
Triumphs of London Revived for the Inaugu-
ration of the Right Honourable Sir Francis
Child, Knight, Lord Mayor of the City of
London." By Elkanah SETTLE {q.v.) ;
printed in 1698.
Gloster, Duke of. See Gloucester,
Duke of.
Gloucester, The Duke of, who fligures
in Shakespeare's 'Henry VI.' {q.v.) and
' Richard III.' (q.v.), reappears in the ' Jane
Shore' of N. Rowe {q.v.) and of W. G.
Wills {q.v.). Of his share in ' Henry VI.'
Hazlitt says : " The character of Gloucester,
afterwards King Richard, is here very
powerfully commenced, and his dangerous
designs and long-reaching ambition are fully
GLOVER
5S7
GLOVER
described in his soliloquy in the third act,
beginning, ' Ay, Edward will use women
honourably.' "
Glover, Aug-ustus, actor, was in the
original casts of ' Mabel's Life ' (Adelphi,
London, 1S72), ' Round the World in 80
])ays ' (Princess's, 1875), ' England in the
Days of Charles II.' (Drury Lane, 1877), etc.
Glover, Charles "W. Musical com-
poser and instrumentalist, born 1806, died
1S63 ; became, in 1832, orchestra* conductor
at the Queen's Theatre, Tottenham Street,
London.
Glover, Edmund. Actor and the-
atrical manager, born 1813 (?), died October,
1860 ; son of Mrs. Julia Glover (q.v.) ; went,
lifter some experience at the Ilaymarket
Theatre, totlie Adelphi, Edinburgh, opening
there in May, 1841, and maintaining his con-
nection with the company till 1848. During
this period he was seen, at Glasgow, as
liomeo and Petriichio (1843) ; at Edinburgh,
as Othello (1847), Shylock (1848), and Joseph
Surface (1848). In 1847 he engaged Jenny
Lind to sing in Edinburgh, Glasgow, and
J*erth, and cleared £3000 by the speculation
(H. F. Lloyd, ' Life of an Actor'). With this
sum as his capital, he was led to convert
into a playhouse a large hall in West Nile
street, Glasgow, to which he gave the name
nf the Prince's Theatre. This he opened in
January, 1849, in which year he appeared
tliere as Me<j Merrileea in ' Guy Mannering.'
To 1851 belong his Belphegor and his Jiobcs-
jiierre, and to 1852 his Jiob Roy. In October
(if the latter year, Glover became lessee
and manager of the Theatre Royal, Dunlop
street, Glasgow— a position which he held
till his death. At this house he figured in
u wide range of characters, including Mac-
heth (1S53), Henry VIII. (1855), and Bottom
(1857), the Dei Francld (1853), Lesurques and
Uubosc (1854), Roderick Dhu in ' The Lady of
,, the Lake ' (1856), and so forth. His last
stage appearance was made at the Theatre
Royal, Edinburgh, in INlay, 1859, as Triplet
in ' Masks and Faces.' He was at one time
the lessee of theatres in Dunfermline,
Paisley, and Greenock. " lie was a man of
exceptional talents — a sound capable actor,
a capital dancer and pantomimist, an able
fencer and swordsman, and a first-rate
artist" (J. C. Dibdin, 'The Edinburgh
Stage '). .See, also, W. Baynham's ' The
Glasgow Stage ' (1892). — Mrs. Edmund
Glover, actress, was seen in Glasgow as
Lady Teazle (1852), Katherine in ' The Taming
of the Shrew ' (1853), Helen in ' The Hunch-
back ' and Mrs. Simx)Son in ' Simpson and
Co.' (1858), etc.— Three of Glover's children
became connected with the stage — AVilliam
{q.v.), Sam, and PhyUis {q.v ).
Glover, Frederick, actor, was the first
representative of Krux in Robertson's
' School ' (1869) and of Mr. Bray in the same
writer's ' M.P.' (1870). He played Moses in
'The School for Scandal' at the Prince of
Wales's Theatre, London, in 1874.
Glover, Jaraes M, Musical composer
and orchestral conductor ; -svrote the score
of 'Ten Minutes for Refreshment' (1882),
' Kittens ' (1887), ' The Poet and the Puppets '
(1892), 'The King's Sweetheart; or, Regina
E. A.' (1898), ' The Rightful Heir ' (1899), and
' Loloh ' (1901) ; also, additional numbers for
' The Little Genius ' (1896) and ' The Tele-
phone Girl' (1896), besides writing and
adapting the music for pantomimes at Drury
Lane.
Glover, Julia [n^e Betterton]. Actress ;
born at Newry, January 8, 1781 (Oxberry) ;
died July 15, 1850 ; was the daughter of 'an
actor "of very considerable talent," who
was said to be descended from the great
Betterton, and was last seen in London
at Sadler's Wells under Howard Payne.
Julia made her first professional appearance
as a child on the York Circuit, her first
.speaking part being that of the Paf/e in
' The Orphan.' In 1795-6, as Miss Better-
ton, she was seen in Bath as Desdemona,
Lady Amaranth (' Wild Oats'), Millwood in
' George Barnwell,' Bellario in ' Philaster,*
Lady Macbeth, etc. Her London debut was
maileat Covent Garden on October 12, 1797,
as Elwinain Hannah iNIore's 'Percy ' {q.v.).
This was followed at the same theatie by
her Charlotte liusport ('West Indian'),
Lydia Langiiish, Lady i?«7if/oZ'2>/i (' Douglas '),
and Letitia Hardy ; also, by her " creation "
of Emily in Cumberland's ' False Impres-
sions ' (1797) and Maria in T. Dibdin's ' £5000
a year ' (1799). In 1800 she married Samuel
Glover, and thereafter appeared on the bills
as " Mrs. Glover." At Drury Lane in 1802-3
she appeared as Mrs. Oakley (' Jealous Wife ').
Next came a four-years' stay at Covent
Garden with John Kemble, followed by
seasons at the Lyceum (1810) and Drury
Lane (1813-14). At the latter in 1813 she
was the original Alhadra in Coleridge's
' Remorse.' In 1816 she was again at
Covent Garden, where, besides playing
Andromache to Macready's Orestes, she
^vas the first representative of 3[7-s. Simpson
in ' Simpson and Co.' (q.v.). In this year
Hazlitt, writing of her 3Irs. Oakley, said,
" She succeeds best in grave or violent parts,
and has very little of the playful or delicate
in her acting. If we were to hazard a
general epithet for her style of performing,
we should say that it amounts to the for-
midable ; her expression of passion is too
hysterical, and habitually reminds one of
liartshorn and water. . . . Her Quaker in
' Wild Oats,' on the contrary, is an inimitable
piece of quiet acting. The demureness of
the character, which takes away all tempta-
tions to be boisterous, leaves the justness
of her conception in full force, and the
simplicity of her Quaker dress is most agree-
ably relieved by the embonpoint of her
person " (' View of the English Stage ').
It is to this period of her career that
belong her appearances as Mrs. Hardcastle
and the Widoiv Wairen. In June, 1832,
according to Walter Donaldson (' Recol-
lections of an Actor '), Mrs. Glover played
Hamlet on her benefit-night at the Lyceum,
and Edmund Kean congi-atulated her on
GLOVER
GLYN
tlie performance. At the Haymarket in 1837
she was the original Widoiv Green in ' The
Love Chase,' and at the same theatre in
1840 the tirst Lady FranTclin in 'Money.'
Among other characters " created " by her
were those of Miss Tucker in Jerrold's
' Time Works Wonders ' (1845). the ' Maiden
Aunt ' in R. B. Knowles's comedy so named
(q.v.), and Mrs. Thompson in Westland Mar-
ston's ' Borough Politics ' (1846). Her last
appearance on the stage was made at Drury
Lane on July 12, 1850, as 3rrs. Malaprop.
Three days later she died. Of her daughters,
one, named Phyllis, was an actress, to
whose Juliet her mother played the Nurse.
(See Glover, Edmund, and Glover,
Howard.) " Macready," says Lady Pollock,
"spoke of Mrs. Glover as a rare thinking
actress. She carefully thought out every
part ; she was very perfect ; she had great
powers " (' Macready as I knew him ').
George Yandenhoff says, "INIrs. Glover was
a great actress: good in everything, but
greatest in a certain line of cliaracters— the
dashing, volatile widow (Racket or ]Vido7v
Green), the affectedly good-natured but truly
malignant ditto, Mrs. Candour, or the vulgar
and ignorant ditto, as Mrs. Malaprop and
3[rs. Heidelberg. . . . Her m.anner in daily
life smacked of her profession : it was large,
autocratic, oracular" ('An Actor's Note-
book'). Immediately after Mrs. Glover's
decease, George Henry Lewes ■\\Tote, " Her
loss will be felt in our impoverished dra-
matic world, for to the last she retained one
quality which belongs to all fine actors, but
which now becomes rarer and rarer — that,
namely, of modulated elocution" (The Leader,
July 20, 1S50). " Mrs. Glover," says West-
land Marston, "had an instinct for seizing
traits and humours, a moderation in display-
ing them as just as her perception of them
was lively, a wide range of appreciation, and
an apparent unconsciousness which gave
wonderful reality to her delineations " (' Our
Recent Actors '). See, also, ' Oxberry's Dra-
matic Biography ' (1826) and Genest's ' Eng-
lish Stage ' (1832),
Glover, Phyllis [Julia]. Actress ;
daughter of Edmund Glover (q.v.), played
Angelique in the first cast of Reade's
' Robust Invalid ' (1870). She was the wife
of T. Powrie (7.t\).
Grlover, Richard.. Poet and dramatic
writer, born 1712, died 1785 ; author of
'Boadicea' {q.v.), a tragedy, performed in
1753 ; of ' Medea,' a tragedy, published in
1761 and thrice acted (in 1767, 1768, and
1776) ; and of ' Jason,' a sequel to ' :Medea,'
published in 1799. See the collections by
Anderson and Chalmers, and Genest's
' English Stage.'
Glover, "Williara. Scenic artist and
theatrical manager ; son of Edmund Glover
(7.r.) ; became lessee of the Theatre Royal,
Glasgow, in June, 1SC9.
Glover, "William. Howard. Musical
composer, conductor, instrumentalist, and
critic ; born, London, 1819 ; died, New York,
1875 ; son of Mrs. Glover, the actress {q.v.) ;
wrote the scores of ' Ruy Bias ' (1861), ' Once
Too Often' (1862), 'Aminta' {q.v.), 'P^h>
niita,' and other operas and operettas ; also
an overture to ' Manfred ' {q.v.).
Glumdalca. Queen of the giants in
Fielding's ' Tom Thumb ' {q.v.).
Glyde, Sir Percival, in Collins's
' Woman in White ' {q.v.).
Glyn, Isabella {nie Gearns]. Actress
and Shakespearean reader; born at Edin-
burgh, May, 1823 ; died May, 1889 ; after
some experience as an amateur, went to
Paris to study for the French stage under
Michelot at the Conservatoire. Returning
to England, she became, in 1846, a pupil of
Charles Kemble. Her professional dihut (as
Miss " Glyn," her mother's maiden name)
took place at the Theatre Royal, Manchester,
on November 8, 1847, when she appeared as
the Lady Constance in ' King John.' " Her
appearance," says a local playgoer, " was
very striking ; with a tall and somewhat
voluptuous figure, rather irregular but ex-
pressive features, black hair and remarkable
eyes, and something quite unconventional
about her, she arrested attention at once."
She was first seen in London at the Olympic
Theatre on January 26, 1S4S, when she played
Lady Macbeth, figuring next month as Ju-
liana in ' The Honeymoon.' A few perform-
ances on the York Circuit followed, and then
came an engagement with Phelps, at Sadler' .s
Wells, which lasted from September, 1848,
to August, 1851. Her first role at the Wells
was that of Volumnia, which was followed
in the same year by Hermione, Belvidera,
and Queen Ka'therine. In 1849 she appeared
as Margaret ofAnjoxi (' Ricliard III.'), Portia
(' Merchant of Venice '), Isabella (' Mea.sure
for Measure '), Emilia (' Othello'), Cleopatra
(' Antony and Cleopatra '), and Julia {' Hunch-
back '), besides being the original Countess
in Tomlins' ' Garcia ' {q-v.). In 1850 she was
the first Alice Raby in G. Bennett's ' Retri-
bution ' {q.v.), besides adding to her reper-
tory Mrs. Beverley, Donna Anna {' Calaynos '),
Isabella (' Fatal Marriage '), Bianca (' Fazio '),
Lady Rand oljjh {'Douglas'), Ginevra ('Le-
gend of Florence '), Beatrice (' Much Ado '),
Evadne (' The Bridal '), and the Ducliess in
' The Duchess of Malfi.' To 1851 belongs her
Katherine in ' The Taming of the Shrew.*
In the same year Miss Glyn gave the first
of those "readings" in Shakespeare which
brought her so much popularity both in
Great Britain and in America. Later in
1851 and early in 1852 she was " starred " at
Drury Lane. In 1854 at the St. James's she
was the original Miss Stewart in Reade and
Taylor's ' The King's Rival ' (^.r.). In 1855
she played at the Standard, in 1859 at Sad-
ler's Wells, in 1867 at the Princess's, and in
1868 at the Standard again, making her
chief successes as Lady Macbeth and Cleo-
2)atra. In 1870 she gave her fir.st Shakespeare
readings in America. From this date till
her death she confined herself exclusively
to platform appearances. In 1853 she had
married E. S. Dallas, the literary critic, and
in 1874 she divorced him. Edward Stirling
GNATBRAIX
in his ' Olil Drury Lane,' says of her : " Pos-
sessing a fine person, and a melodious voice,
with the advantages of Charles Kemble's
instruction, she could scarcely fail. Her
Cleopatra won favour with critics and public
alike. Antony might well lose the world
for such a woman. Her performance of the
Duchess of Malfi was much admired." See,
also, Pascoe's ' Dramatic List ' ( ISSOJ, Phelps
and Forbes-Robertson's 'Life of .Samuel
Phelps' (1SS6), and thd Manchester Courier
for March 23, 1889.
Gnatbrain, in Douglas Jerrold's
*Black-ey'd Susan' (q.v.), is in love with
Dolly Mayflower.
Gnome (The); or, Harlequin TJn-
derg-round. A pantomime by R. We-
wiTZER, performed at the Haymarket The-
atre in 178S.
Gnome Fly (The). (I) A piece pro-
duced at the Victoria Theatre, London,
January, IS'Vd ; performed at New York in
1840, with Harvey Leach in the title part.
<2) A pantomime by G. Conquest and H.
Spry, Grecian Theatre, London, December
24, 1869.
Gnome King- (The) ; or, The Giant
Iffountains. A " dramatic legend " per-
formed at Covent Garden in October, ISll),
■with Terry in the title part (Uinbriel), ?*Iiss
Maria Trre as the Princess Stella (whom
Umhriel steals), and other parts bv W.
Farren, Duruset, Mrs. Gibbs, etc. (2)*' The
Gnome King ; or, The Fairy of the Silver
Mine : ' an extravaganza by William
Brough (f/.v.). tti'st. performed at the
Queen's Theatre, London, on December 26,
1868.
Go-Bang-. A " musical farcical comedy "
in two acts, written by "Adrian Ross,"
and composed by Osmond Carr, first per-
formed at the Trafalgar Square Theatre,
London, on INIarch 10, 1S94, with a cast in-
cluding ^Nliss Jessie Bond, Miss Letty Lind,
H. Grattan, J. L. Shine, A. Playfair, and G.
Grossmith, jun.
" Go, happy heart, for thou shalt
lie." First line of a song in Fletcher's
'Mad Lover' {q.v.)—
" Intombed in her for whom I die,
Exami'le of her cruelty."
Go to Putney. A farce by Harry
Lemon, first performed at the Adelphi
Theatre, London, April 6, 1S68.
Gobbet on the Green. A person who
is supposed to speak the prologaxe to the
Chester play on the sacrifice of Isaac by
Abraham. He is called "Preco" at the
head of the scene.
Gobbo, liauncelot. Son of old Gobbo,
and servant to Shylock, in 'The INIerchant
of Venice' (q.v.).
Goblin Bat (The). A pantomime by
F. Bowyer, Britannia Theatre, London,
December 27, 1S86.
Goblins (The). A tragi-comedy in five
acts, ]iv Sir John Suckling {q.v.), acted
at Black Fryars, and printed in 1616. It
) GODEFROI AND YOLANDE
was revived at the Theatre Royal in 1667.
Dryden, m a preface to 'The Tempest,'
pointed out that liegindla is "an open
imitation " of Shakespeare's Miranda, and
that Suckling's "spirits, though counter-
feit, yet are copies from Arid." "The
Goblins are Tamoren and his friends, who
having been defeated in a battle, retreat td
the woods, turn thieves, and disguise them-
selves as Devils " (Genest). " The course of
the action is utterly bewildering, but oppor-
tunity is found for much pretty wri ting-
especially in the love-scenes of the innocent
little lieginellasLndfov some smart touches
of literary and social criticism " (A. W.
Ward).
Gobo. The Bailie's clerk, in Planquette's
' Cloches de Corneville' {q.v.).
Gobrias. Lord-Protector, and father
of Arbaces, in Beaumont and Fletcher's
' King and No King ' {q.v.).
God: hys Promises. " A Tragedye or
Interlude," by Bishop Bale {q v.), "inany-
festynge the chefe Promy>es of God unto
Man in all Ages, from the Begynnynge of
the Worlde, to the Deathe of Jes'us Christe,
a Mysterie," printed in 1538. Pater Ccslestis
holds colloquies in successive "acts" with
Adam Primus Homo, Justus Noah, Mo-ses
Sanctus, Esaias Propheta, Abraham Fidelis,
David Rex Pius, and Joannes Baptista.
" Each of the seven 'acts' concludes wi'h
an Antiphon sung by the particular inter-
locutor, and a prologue and epilogue are
spoken by the author, Balteus himself."
The aim of the play is to exhort the hearer
or reader
" To rejoice in God for your justyfycacyon.
And alone in Christ to hope for your salvacyon."
See Dodsley's ' Old Plays.'
God of "War (The). A drama in four
acts, by Charles Whitlock, Theatre Royal,
AVigan, April IS, 1S98 ; Theatre Royal, Strat-
ford, London, February 27, 1S99.
God save the Q,ueen. A drama in
five acts, by R. Palgrave and F. Cover,
first performed on April 24, 1886, at Prince's
Theatre, Bristol ; produced at Sanger's The-
atre, London, on September 13, 1886.
God speed the Ploug-h. A i>lay
acted at the Rose Theatre by the Earl of
Sussex's company in 1593.
"Goddess excellently brig-ht."
See " Queen and Huntress."
Goddess of Truth (The). A comic
opera, words by Stanislaus Stange, music
liy Julian Edwards, originally produced at
Baltimore, Md., February 7, 1896, with Miss
Lillian Russell in the title part ; first per-
formed in New York at Abbey's Theatre,
February 26, 1896.
Goddwyn. A tragedy "by Thomas
Rowleie," written by THOMAS Chatterton,
and printed in 1778.
Godefroi and Yolande. A play in
one act, by Lawrence Irving, first per-
formed at Chicago in 1896, with Miss Ellen
GODFREY
590
GOING THE PACE
Teny a? Yolande, F. Cooper as Godefroi, Ben
Webster as air Sagrauiotir, and other parts
by Miss Mary Rorke, Miss Julia Arthur,
Miss May Whitty, Miss Ailsa Craiji, W.
Valentine, and F. Tvars ; Abbey's Theatre,
New York, May 4, 1S96.
Godfrey, Georg-e William. Dra-
matic writer, born 1844, died April, 1897 ;
author of the following plays :— ' Queen
Mab' (1874), ' The Queen's Shilling,' an adap-
tation (1877), ' Coralie,' an adaptation (ISsl),
'Tlie Parvenu ' (1882), 'The Millionaire,' an
adaptation (1883), ' My MilUner's Bill ' (1884),
' The Opal Rint;;,' an adaptation (1835), ' The
:Man that Hesitates,' an adaptation (1888).
' The Woman - Hater ' [afterwards ' The
Misogynist '] (1895), and ' Vanity Fair' (1895),
all of which see.
Godfrey, Thomas. Miscellaneous
-writer, Ijorn Philadelphia, 1736 ; died 1763 ;
author of ' The Prince of Parthia,' printed
in 1765, and said to have been the first play
written in America. See the memoir pre-
fixed to his poems (1767), the ' Biographia
Dramatica,' and Appleton's ' American Bio-
graphy.'
God frey of Bulloig-ne. An interlude,
entered on the Stationers' book in June,
1594; a "second part" was performed at
the Rose Theatre in the following month.
Godiva ; or, Ye Ladye of Coventry
and Ye Exyle Fayrie. A "burlesque
histfiric fancy " in one act, by the authors
of ' The Princesses in the Tower,' first per-
formed at the Strand Theatre, London, July
7, 1851, with Miss Marshall as Godiva, Mrs.
C. Horsman as Aditha, Miss E. Romer as
Jtjnota, Miss Maskell as Dewdrop, Norton as
Leofric, W. Attwood as Godwin, J. Reeve
as bur Own Reporter, Rogers as Hubert, R.
Romer as Ye Mayor of Coventrie, Maskell as
Grumbletie, and Craven as Spigott. See
Giddy Godiva ; Lady Godiva ; and Little
Lady Godiva.
Godmond, Christopher. Dramatic
writer ; author tif two historical plays— 'The
Battle of Crecy ' (prhited in 1^36), and ' Vin-
cenzo, Prince "of Mantua, or The Death of
Crichton ' (printed in 184u).
Godolphin, the Lion of the North.
A plav in five acts, by B. Thompson, per-
formed, with music by Horn, at Drury Lane
in 1813.
Godpapa. A farcical comedy in three
acts, by F. C. Philips and Charles Brook-
field," first performed at the Comedy The-
atre, London, October 22, 1891, with a cast
including C. H. Hawtrey, C. Brooktield, W.
F. Hawtrey, W. Wyes, Miss Annie Irish,
:\Iiss V. Featherston, and Miss Lottie
Venne.
"Gods (The) and god-like kings
can do no wrong." See Generous
Conqueror.
Godwin, Edward William, architect
(born 1S33, died 1836), devoted much time in
his later years to the designing of scenery
and costumes for the stage. In this con- '
nection he published in 1883 ' A Few Notes
on the Architecture and Costume of the
Period of the PJay of " Claudian." ' He also
adapted more than one play, e.g. Tenny-
son's 'Becket' (g v.), for open-air represen-
tation, and in 1885 published Fletcher's
' Faithfid Shepherdess' as arranged by him
for that purpose.
Godwin, William. Miscellaneous
writer, born 1756, died 1836 ; author of two
plays—' Antonio,' a tragedy in verse (Drury
Lane, 1800), and ' Faulkener,' a tragedy in
prose (Drury Lane, 1807). Hazlitt said of
him : •' His genius is wliolly adverse to the
stage. . . . His invention is not dramatic.
He takes a character or a passion, and
works it out to the utmost possible extrava-
gance, and palliates or urges it on by every
resource of the understanding , or by every
species of plausible sophistry; but in doing
this he may be said to be only spinning a
subtle theory, to be maintaining a wild
paradox." Godwin's prose fiction, 'Things
as they are, or The Adventures of Caleb
Williams,' was adapted to the stage by
Colman, jun., as 'The Iron Chest' (q v.).
See Kegan Paul's ' William Godwin ' (1876).
Goethe. See Egmont, Faust ; Goetz
OF BERLICHINGliN ; MODERN FaUST.
Goetz of Berlichingen with the
Iron Hand. A tragedy translated by
William Scot from the German of Goethe,
And printed in 1799. Another translation,
made by Rose D'Aguilar, and entitled
' Goetz of Berlingen,' w^as published in the
same year.
Goffe, Thomas. Divine and dramatic
writer, born 1591, died 1629; author of
'The Raging Turk, or Bajazet the Second'
(printed 1631), ' The Courageotis Turk, or
Amureth the First' (printed 1632), 'The
Tragedy of Orestes ' (printed 1633), and ' The
Careless Shepherdess ' (printed 1656). The
first three of these (which had been acted
before 1616 by the students of Christ Church,
Oxford) were published together in 1656
under the title of ' Three Excellent Trage-
dies.' See the ' Athenpe Oxonienses,' Lang-
baine's ' Dramatic Poets,' and the ' Bio-
graphia Dramatica.'
Gog. A neatherd in POCOCK'S 'Alfred
the Great' (q. v.). In one of the scenes he
speaks of his wife as "Mrs. Gog" — a
" modern expression," "very improper^" says
Genest, " in such a piece as this."
Gogg;les. A play adapted by C. A.
Byrne from ' Les Petits Oiseaux,' and pro-
duced in U.S.A. in 1890. See Pair OF
spectacles.
Going" It. A farcical comedy in three
acts, by J. Maddison Morton (q.v.), fir.st
performed at the Royalty Theatre, Glasgow,
November, 13, 1885 ; produced at Toole's
Theatre, London, December 7, 1885.
Going the Pace. An equestrian drama
in four acts, by Arthur Shirley and Ben
Landeck, Pavilion Theatre, London, Octo-
ber 24, 1898.
GOING TO CHOBHAM
GOLDEN AGE
Going- to Chobham ; or, The Petti-
coat Captains. A farce in one act, by
C. H. Hazlewood, performed at the City
of London and Grecian Theatres.
Going- to the Bad. A comedy by Tom
Taylok, first performed at Olympic Theatre,
London, June 5, 1S58, with F. Robson as
Peter Potts, and other parts by G Vining, F.
Vinino;, Addison, G. Cooke, Gaston Murray,
H. Wigan, Miss Herbert, and Miss Wynd-
ham ; produced in New York in the follow-
ing November.
Going- to the Derby. A farce by J.
Madui.son Morton (q.v.)., first performed
at the Adelphi Theatre, London, in May,
1848, with AVright and Mrs. AVoolgar as
Mr and Mrs. Twiddle, P. Bedford and .Mrs.
F Matthews as Mr. and Mrs. Chucks.
Going- to the Dog-s. A farce by W.
Brough (q V.) and A. Halliday (q.v.), first
performed at Drury Lane Theatre in March,
1865.
Gold. A drama in five acts, by Charles
Reade (q v.), first performed at Drury Lane
on January 11, 1853, with E. L. Davenport
as George Sandford, Moorhouse as Williarn
Sandford, H. Lee as Meadows, Edward
Stirling as Isaac Levi, Henry Wallack as
Tom Mobinson, Charles Selby as Crawley,
Miss Fanny Vining as Susan Mertoii. It
was on the basis of ' Gold ' that Keade
wrote his novel, 'It's Never too Late to
Mend,' on which, again, he founded his
well-known drama, similarly entitled {q.v.).
Gold Beater (The). A play by John
Brouuham ('/.(;.).
Gold Bug- (The). A musical farce,
words by Glen McDonough, and music by
Victor Herljert ; Casino Theatre, New York,
September, 1S9G.
Gold Craze (The). A play in four acts,
by Brandon Thoma.s {q.v ), first performed
at the Princess's Theatre, London, Novem-
ber, 30, 1889, with a cast including W.
Herbert, J. H. Barnes, R. Pateman, J.
BeauchaTnp, Sant Matthews, Miss Amy
Roselle, Miss A. DairoUes, and Miss Fanny
Brough.
Gold Dig-grers (The). A comic opera
in three acts, written and composed by
AValter Wadham Petrie, Duchess The-
atre, Balham, London, June 9, 1902.
Gold Dust. (1) A drama by J. Rymer,
Montague Hall, Worthing, July -23, 1878.
(2) A drama in five acts, by Geo. de Lara,
Winter Gardens, Blackpool, April 29, 18S7.
Gold is Nothing-— Happiness is
All. A drama by John Levey, Amphi-
theatre, Leeds, October 5, 1868 ; East Lon-
don Theatre, November 29, 1869.
Gold Mine (The) ; or, The Miller of
Grenoble. A drama in two acts, by
Edward Stirling, performed at Drury
Lane Theatre in 1854. — 'A Gold Mine:' a
comedy in three acts, by Bkander ]Mat-
thews (q.v.) and G. H. Jessop {q.v.), tirst
performed at Memphis, US. A., in April,
1887, with J. T. Raymond in the principal
part— that of Silas K. Woolcott, an eccentric
American speculator, whose gold-mine gives
the title to the drama. The play was'pro-
ducetl at the Gaiety Theatre, London, on
July 21, 1890, with Nat Goodwin as Silas,
and other parts by W. Farren, C. Glenney,
H. Eversfield, Miss Carlotta Leclercq, Miss
Jennie McNulty, Miss Kate Forsyth, etc.
Gold Seekers (The) ; or. The Dying-
Gift. A play produced at the Victoria
Theatre, London, in December, 1S3S, with
Denvil, Hicks, and Mrs. J. Parry in the cast.
— ' The Gold Slave : ' a drama in five acts, by
T. G. Barclay ; Theatre Royal, Longton,
July S, 1886.
Goldberg-, Max [nom - de • guerre].
Dramatic writer ; author of ' Kenil worth '
(ls9o), ' Secrets of the Harem ' (1896, revised
in 1901), 'Soldiers oi the Queen ; or, Briton
and Boer ' (1898), ' The Three Musketeers *
(1898), ' The Man in the Iron Mask ' (1899),
' The Bank of England ' (1900), ' Nell
Gwynne' (1900), 'The Rich and Poor of
London ' (1900), ' The Hand of Justice ' (1901),
' Divorce ' (1902), ' Jane Shore,' ' Westward
Ho ! ' etc ; part-author, with G. Comer, of
' The Tiger's Grip' (1S9S).
Golden, Richard. American actor
and vocalist, born 1853; left the "variety"
for the " regular " stage in 1S72. In 1876 he
appeared at Boston in 'Evangeline' {q-v.),
in which he afterwards played the Policeman
and Le Blanc. In 1881 he figured for the
tirst time in operatic pieces. He was the
tirst representative in America of Biscotin
in ' Madame Favart,' Gobo in ' Les Cloches
de Corneville,' Rocco in ' Mascotte,' the
Duke Delia Volta in ' La Fille du Tambour
Major.' Among his other parts were Flore-
stein in ' The Bohemian Girl,' Dick Deadeye
in ' H.M.S. Pinafore,' the Major-General in
' The Pirates of Penzance,' Bunthorne in
' Patience,' Koko in ' The Mikado,' Coque-
licot in ' Olivette,' Jose, in' Manteaux Noirs,'
Captain Flapper in ' Billee Taylor,' and the
Jio(/e in ' Estrella.' R. Golden appeared in
the English provinces in 1873, and just ten
years later paid another professional visit to
England, fijiuring in London at the Avenue
Theatre as the " dude " in ' A Dream.'
Golden Ag-e (The); or, The Lives
of Jupiter and Saturn, with the
Defining- of the Heathen Gods. A
play by Thomas Heywood {q.v.), acted at
the Red Bull, and first printed in 1611.
It was the first of a "singular series of
plays " [including ' The Silver Age,' ' The
Brazen Age,' and 'The Iron Age,' all of
which seej "which covers much the same
ground as Caxton's immortal and delightful
chronicle of the ' Histories ' of Troy " —
"a design which aims at making popular
and familiar to the citizens of Elizabethan
London the whole cycle of heroic legend
from the reign of Saturn to the death of
Helen" (Swinburne). It is "a delightful
example of dramatic poetry in its simplest
and most primary stage " (Swinburne). It
GOLDEX APPLE
GOLDEN FLEECE
■was edited by J. P. Collier in 1S51.— 'The
Golden Age Restor'd : ' a masque by Ben
JONSON iq.v.), performed at C"urt in .1615,
and prinred in 1616. "This piece," says
A. W. Ward, "has a real poetic afflatus.
. . . The poet introduces Chaucer, Gower,
Lydgate, and Spenser as representatives of
the Golden Age, Avith which they are to
return with their ' better flames and larger
light.'"— 'The Golden Age; or, Pierrot's
Sacrifice:' a musical romance, libretti) by
Henry Byatt, music by Florian Pascal,
Savoy Theatre, London, July 5, 1897.
Golden Apple (The). A mythological
opera by F. Sylvester, Public Hall, Godal-
ming, April 11, 1S91.
Golden Ass (The). A play by Henry
Chettle, Thomas Dekker, and John Day,
performed in 1600.
Golden Axe (The). A pantomime by
G. L. Fox, performed in New York in
1851.
Golden Bait (The). A comedy in three
acts, by H. C. LUNN, Kilbnrn Town Hall,
April 6, 1891.
Golden Band (The). A drama in four
acts, by Henry Herman {q.v ) and Rev
Freeman Wills {q.v.), first performed at
the Olympic Theatre, London, June 14, 1SS7,
•with a cast including J. G. Grahame, Bran-
don Thomas, J. P. Burnett, G. Canninge,
George Barrett, P. Cunningham, F. M. Wood,
Miss Eugenie Edwards, Miss Agnes Hewitt,
Miss JIaud Milton, and Miss Kate Kearney ;
performed in the same year in the Englis)i
provinces. The " golden band " is the wed-
ding ring which Captain Frank Weathcrhy
has placed on the finger of Ellen Grandtson.
Golden Boug-h (The). A comic opera,
adapted by David Scott from the Countess
D'Aulnois' 'Rameau d'Or,' and performed
by amateurs, with music by Josef Pelzer, at
Broughton Ferry, Scotland, January 27,
1887. See Golden Branch.
Golden Branch (The). An extrava-
ganza by J. R. Planche, founded on ' Le
Rameau d'Or' of the Counte.ss D'Aulnois,
and produced at the Lyceum Theatre, Lon-
don, at Christmas, 1847, with a cast including
Mdme. Vestris, Miss Fitzwilliam, Miss Polly
Marshall, Miss Louisa Howard, Mrs. ^lac-
namara, Harley, and H. Holl. See Golden
Bough.
Golden Butterfly (The). See ^sop
and Dawn of Love.
Golden Calf (The). A comedy in three
acts, by Douglas Jerrold, first performed
at the Strand Theatre, London, June 30,
1832, with Keeley as Bags, Selly as Magnet,
Mrs. Macnamara as Mrs. Heartsease, and
other parts by W. L. Rede, Mrs. Waylett,
etc. ; performed in the same year at New
York, with Richings as Lord Tares and
Mrs. Wallack as C^ara.— 'The Golden Calf ;
or. Dollars and Dimes:' a drama in pro-
logue and three acts, by G. H. Coveney,
Standard Theatre, London, June IS, 1SS3.
Golden Chance (The). A drama bv
St. Auiun Miller, Theatre Royal, Gates"-
head, November 23, 1891 ; Standard Theatre,
London, August 1, 1S92.
Golden Cross (The). An opera in two
acts, music by Ignaz Briill, libretto by Herr
Mosenthal ; fir.'^t performed, with Engii.sh
words by J. P. Jackson, at the Adelphi The-
atre, London, on March 2, 1S7S, with Joseph
Maas, G. H. Snazelle, Aynsley Cook, Miss
Julia Gaylord, and Miss Josephine Yorke
in the cast.
Golden Dag-g-ers (The). A romantic
drama in three acts, founded by Charles
Fechter and Edmund Yates upon ' Les
Couteaux d'Or' of Paul Feval, and produced
at the Princess's Theatre, London, on April
19. 1862, with Fechter as George Lester, and
other parts by G. Jordan, Basil Potter, J.
G. Shore, H. Widdicomb, Miss Elsworthy,
and Miss Carlotte Leclercq.
Golden Dream (The). A play by
John Brougham (7.1; ).
Golden Dustman (The). An adapta-
tion by H B. Farnie of Dickens's 'Our
Mutual Friend,' first performed at Sadler's
Wells, London, on June 16, 1866, with T.
Swinbourne as John Harmon, W. M'Intyre
as Rogue Jliderhood, C. Warner as Bradley
Headstone, G. Belmore as Silas Wegg, W,
Holland as Radfoot, F. Barsby as Eugene
Wraghurn, Barrett as Boffin, Miss Fanny
G Wynne as Bella Wilfer, Miss Ada Har-
land as Lavinia Wilfer, Mrs. Puynter as
Mrs. Wilfer, and Miss Ada Dyas as Lizzie
Hexham.
Golden Farmer (The). (1) A panto-
mime by J. C. Cross, printed in 1802. (2)
A melodrama in two acts, by Benjamin
Webster, first performed at the Coburg
Theatre, London, December 26, 1832, with
Cobham in the title-character— that of "a
celebrated highwayman, who, under the
guise of a corn-chandler, whilst exhibiting
his pockets of barley and oats, made himself
acquainted with the contents of the pockets
of farmers and corn-dealers by day, of which
he deprived them by night"— other parts
being undertaken by Dibdin Pitt, John
Webster, R. Honner, and Miss Watson (the
" farmer's " wife). The play was revived
at the Queen's, Sadler's Wells, and the
Pavilion in 1S33, and was first performed in
America at New York in 1834. John Sef ton
made a great success in the States as Jemmy
Tivitcher. Miss Ada Rehan has played the
role of the farmer's wife (Elizabeth).
Golden Fetter (A). The title under
which Watts Phillips's drama, 'Fetters'
(q.v.), was first performed in America in 1871.
Gold Fiend (The); or, The Demon
Gamester. A drama in three acts, by
W. T. Townsend (q.v.), first performed at
the Queen's Theatre, London, May, 1850.
Golden Fleece (The), An extrava-
ganza by J R. Planch^ (q.v.), based on the
narrative of Apollonius Rhodius and on
the ' Medea' of Euripides, and performed at
the Haymarket at Easter. 1845. "The
GOLDEN FRUIT
GOLDIXG
Medea of Mdme. Vestris and the Chorus
of Charles Mathews were," says Planche,
"simply perfect." James Blaiul and Miss
P. Horton were also in the cast. The work
was revived at the Lyceum Theatre in
October, 1852, with Mdme. Vestris and C. J.
Matbews in their original parts, and Miss
Julia St. George as Jason; and at Fifth
Avenue Theatre, New York, May 29, 1S71,
with C. J. Mathews as Chorus, Mrs. Mathews
as Medea, and W. Davidge as the two kings.
Golden Fruit. A drama in four acts,
by Henry Petti it, first performed at the
East London Theatre on July 14, 1873.
Grolden Giant (The). A play produced
at the Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York,
March, 1883, with Miss Dorothy Dorr as
£thel Gray.
Golden Goose (The). A play pro-
duced in U.S. A., with R. Golden as Giovanti.
Golden Gulch (The). An American
drama, performed at Dover in April, 1879.
Golden Harvest (The). A drama by
G. Bellamy, Queen's Theatre, Hull, August
17, 1868.— 'A Golden Harvest:' a drama in
four acts, by F. Jarman, New Theatre Royal,
Liverpool, May 26, 1890.
Golden Hearts. A comedy-drama in
four acts, by GEORGE ROY, Athenseum,
Shepherd's Bush, September 22, 1892.
Golden Ladder (The). A play by
WiLso.N Barrett and Geo. R. Sims, first
performed at the Globe Theatre, London,
December 22, 1887, with W. Barrett as the
Jiev. Frank Thornhill, Miss Eastlake as
Lillian Grant, and other parts by George
Barrett, Austin Melford, H. Cooper Cliffe,
T. W. Percyval, C. Fulton, S. Murray Carson,
H. Dana, J. Welch, iMrs. Henry Leigh, Miss
Alice Belmore, MissLillie Belmore,and Miss
Phoebe Carlo ; first acted in America' at the
New Park Theatre, New York, April 4, 1892.
" Golden lads and grirls all must."
— ' Cymbeline,' act iv. so. 2. See " Fear no
more."
Golden Leek (The). A romantic ope-
ratic drama in four acts, by Frank E. Wade,
Assembly Rooms, Tenby, March 5, 1891.
Golden Pippin (The). A burletta in
three acts, by Kane O'Hara (q.v.), first
performed at Covent Garden in February,
1773, and afterwards reduced to the dimen-
sions of an afterpiece. See Olympus in an
Uproar.
Golden Plough (The). See Grace
Royal.
Golden Plume (The). An extrava-
ganza bv C. E. HowELLS, Alexandra The-
atre, WalsaU, May 14, 1883.
Golden Ring- (The). A fairy spectacular
opera, words by G. R. Sims, music by
Frederic Clay, first performed at the Al-
hambra Theatre, London, on December 3,
1883, with a cast including F. Gaillard, F.
Mervin, Aynsley Cook, J. G. Taylor, Miss
Constance Loseby, Miss Marion Hood, Miss
Adelaide Newton, Miss Irene Verona, and
Miss Sallie Turner.
Golden Serpent (The). A drama in
four acts, by T. N. Walter, Theatre Royal,
Stratford, November 15, lh97.
Golden Silence (The). A play in four
acts, by C. Haddon Chambers (g.v.), first
performed at the Garrick Theatre, London
September 22, 1903, with a cast including
Arthur Bourchier, Frank Mills, Miss Jessie
Bateman, Miss Violet Vanbrugh, etc.
" Golden slumbers kiss your
eyes." P'irst line of a lullabv in 'The
Pleasant Comedy of Patient Griss'ell ' {q.v.}—
"Sleep, pretty wantons ; do not cry,
And I will sing a lullaby."
Golden Sorrow (A). A drama in three
acts, by Albert E. Drinkwater, Victoria
Hall, Eahng, February 2, 1891 ; Globe The-
atre, London, June 16, 1891.
Golden "Web (The). A comic opera in
three a( ts, libretto by B. C. Stephenson
and F. Corder, music by A. Goring Thomas,
first performed at the Court Theatre, Liver-
pool, February 15, 1S93; Lvric Theatre,
London, March 11, 1S93, with Miss Alice
Esty as Amabel, and other parts by Miss
Emmeline Orford, Madame Amadi, Fur-
neaux Cook, Richard Temple, etc.
Golden "Wedding- (A). A comedietta in
one act, by Eden Phillpotts and Charles
Groves, Haymarket Theatre, London, No-
vember 30, 1S9S, with Cyril Maude, Sydney
Valentine, and Miss Adela IMeasor.
Golden Widow (The). A comedy in
three acts, by Augustin Daly, adapted
from Sardou's ' Marquise,' and first per-
formed at Daly's Theatre, New York, in
October, 18S9, with a cast including Miss
Rehan (Triphenia Maciillicuddy), Mrs. Gil-
bert, J. Lewis, J. Drew, and Sidney
Herbert.
Goldenbird, A character in Stirling
Coyne's ' Woman of the World.'
Goldfinch, Charles, who figures in
Holcroft's ' Road to Ruin ' {q.v.), reappears
in the same author's ' Vindictive Man' (q.v.).
" It was to the character of Goldfincli," as
Hazlitt relates, "and to the method of its
interpretation by Lewis, the comedian, that
the popularity of ' The Road to Ruin ' was
mainly due. ' Nine persons out of ten who
went to see the play went for the sake of
seeing Goldfinch, though the best scenes are
those in which he has no concern.' He is
not intrusted with a line of wit, or even of
sense ; his language consists of a few cant
phrases constantly repeated ; but he is re-
quired to be incessantly animated, voluble,
and busy."
Goldfinch, Lady. A character in C. J.
RiBTON Turner's ' Handsome Is that
Handsome Does ' {q.v.).
Goldfish (The). A play in three acts,
translated by A. Teixeira de Mattos from
the Dutch of W. G. Van Nouhuys ; Opera
Comique Theatre, London, July S, 1892.
Golding-, Arthur (died 1570), the trans-
lator of Ovid's ' Metamorphoses,' was the
2Q
GOLDSMITH
GOXZAGA
translator also, fiom Theodore Beza, of ' The
Tragedie of Abraham's Sacrifice,' published
in 1577.
Groldsmith, Francis (died 1655), pub-
lished a translation of Hugo Grotius'
' Sophompaneas.'
Groldsmith, Oliver. Poet, dramatist,
and miscellaneous -writer, born 1728, died
1774 ; author of ' The Good-Natured Man '
(//.?;.), a comedy (Covent Garden, 176S), ' She
Stoops to Conquer' iq.v-), a comedy (Covent
Garden, March, 1773), and 'The Grumbler'
(q.v.), an adaptation (Covent Garden, May,
1773). See the Memoir prefixed to the Mis-
cellaneous Works in ISOl, and the biographies
by James Prior (1837), John Forster (1848),
Cunningham (1855), William Black (1878),
and Austin Dobson (1888); also Boswell's
'Johnson,' Davies' 'Life of Garrick,' Col-
man's ' Random Records,' Genest's ' English
Stage,' Macaulay's 'Biographical Essays,'
etc. The ' V.'orks ' were published in 1780,
and affain in 1801 ; and they were edited by
J. W.^Gibbs in 1S84-6. The plays have been
reproduced in many forms. Goldsmith has
tigured on the stage as the leading character
of plavs written bv Augustus Thomas (q.v.),
Frankfort Moore (1892), and H. P. Priestley-
Greenwood (1898). See Oliver Goldsmith.
Goldstraw, Sally. A character in
Dickens' and Collins' 'No Thoroughfare'
iq.v.).
Groldtliuiiib, Felix. A character in
Douglas Jerrold's ' Time works Wonders '
iq.v.).
Groldwire. A gentleman inMASSixGER's
* City ;Madam ' (q.v.). His son is apprenticed
to Sir John Frugal.
Golig-htly, Mr. The principal figure
in Morton's ' Lend me Five Shillings '
(q.v.).
Gollancz, Israel. Miscellaneous writer;
has published annotated editions of Lamb's
'Specimens of the Dramatic Poets ' (1894),
of the plays of Shakespeare (the ' Templ'^ '
edition, 1894-6), of Marlowe's ' Dr. Faustus '
(1897), and of Otway's 'Venice Preserved'
(1899). He also contributed the intro-
ductory essay to ' Hamlet in Iceland, being
the Icelandic Romantic Ambales Saga'
(1898).
Gromersal, Alexander Edward.
Actor and theatrical manager, born at
Gomersal near Leeds in 178S, died October
1862 ; son of an officer in the army ; began
life as a bank clerk, but speedily drifted on to
the stage, his first role being that of Gondi-
bert in ' The Battle of Hexham ' (q.v.). He
was afterwards at Xe\vcastle-on-Tyne under
the management of the elder Macready,
opening there as Dumont in 'Jane Shore'
(q.v.). Among his other parts were Roineo,
Jajfier, Lcivson in 'The Gamester,' Wilford
in ' The Iron Chest,' etc. But the assump-
tion by which he was best known was that
of Napoleon I. in ' The Battle of Waterloo '
(q.v.), for which, it is said, he was selected
on account of his personal resemblance to
the original. In this character he appeared
not only at Astley's but at all the leading
provincial playhouses. He was for many
years co-manager, with B. O. ("onquest, of
the Garrick Theatre, F,. See the ' Era ' for
October 26, 1862.
Gomersal. Actor ; was seen in 1852
at Edinburgh, to which city, after a .'-.uc-
cessful sojourn at Manchester, he returned
in 1856, being engaged to fill the place in
the stock company vacated by J. L. Toole
(q.v.). He played such parts as Jaqucz
in 'The Honeymoon' and Dougal in ' Rolt
Roy.' J. C. Dibdin says he was "a fairly
humorous comedian" ('The Edinburgh
Stage ').
Gomersall, Rohert. Divine and mis-
cellaneous writer, burn 1G02, died 1646 (?) ;
author of ' The Tragedie of Lodovick Sforza,
Duke of Milan,' published in 162S. See
Langbaine's ' Dramatic Poets.'
Gomez, Don. The hero of G. H.
Lewes'S ' Noble Heart ' (q.v.).
Gondibert, in :\Irs. Cowley's ' Albina '
(q.v.\ conspires with Editha against the
heroine (q.v.). There is also a Gondibert in
COLMAN'S ' Battle of Hexham' (q.v.).
Gondibert and Bertha. A tragedy
by W. Thompson, based on Davenant's
poem of ' Gondibert,' and printed in 1751.
Gondolier (The) ; or, A Nig-ht in
Venice. An opera in two acts, in prose
and verse, printed in ' The New British
Theatre,' 1814.
Gondoliers (The) ; or. The King- of
Barataria. A comic opera in two acts,
written by W. S. GILBERT (q.v.), composed
by Arthur Sullivan, and first performed at
the Savoy Theatre, London, Decern b*'r 7,
1889, with Courtice Pounds and Rutland
Barrington in the title-parts (Marco and
Giiise2)pe Palmieri). F. Wyatt as the Duke of
Plaza-Toro, W. H. Denny as Don Alhambra
del Bolero, W. Brownlow as Luiz, Miss G.
Ulmar as Gianetta, Miss Jessie Bond as
Te>tm, Miss Decima iloore as Casilda, and
Miss R. Brandrara as the Duchess of Plaza-
Toro ; revived at the Savoy. July IS, 1898,
with a cast including W. Elton, W. Pass-
more, H. Lytton, R. Evett, Miss Emmie
Owen, Miss Ruth Vincent, and Miss R.
Brandram.
Gone Away. A comedy in three act^,
by Edward Righton (q.v.) and Daltox
Stone, Comedy Theatre, Manchester,
August 9, 1SS6.
Gong- Jack. The factotum of Master
Grinnidfje in Bl'CKSTONE'S 'Green Bushes'
(q.v.). See " I believe you, my boy."
Gonsalvo de Peralta, Don, The
"young gentleman" with whom Dryden's
" Rival Ladies " (q.v.) are in love.
Gonzag-a. A knight of Malta, and
general to the Duchess of Sienna, in Mas-
singer's 'Maid of Honour.' — Lrconardn
Gonzana is a character in S. Knowles'
' The Wife ' (q.v.).
GONZAGUES
595
GOOD NIGHT
GonzagTies. The Prince in ' The Duke's
Motto' (q.V.).
Gonzales. (1) Favourite of Manuel in
CONGREVE'S 'Mourning Bride' {q.v.). (2)
The scheming prime minister in Ross NEIL'S
'Loyal Love' {q.v.).
Gonzangra. A drama in five acts, in
prose and verse, printed in ' The New British
Theatre,' 1814.
Good as Gold. (1) A drama in tliree
acts, by C. H. Ha/lewood, Britannia
Theatre, London, September 13, 1S69. (2)
A comedietta by C, F. Coghlan, taken from
the French, and produced at the Lyceum
Tlieatre, London, on December 18, 1869. (3)
A comedietta in one act, by INIatthews
Monk, Imperial Theatre, London, August
13, 1883.
Good-Bye. (1) A play by John
Brougham {q.v.). (2) A play in one act,
by Seymour Hicks, Court Theatre, London,
November 25, 1893. (3) A play in one act,
by Henry T. Johnson, Strand Theatre,
London, May 21, 1896.
Good Fig-lit (The). A military drama
of the Rebellion, by Newton Gotthold
and W. C. Smythe, Opera House, Pittsburg,
U.S.A., April, 1871.
Good for Evil ; or, A Wife's Trial.
A "domestic lesson" in two acts, adapted
from the French of Eniile Augier, and pub-
lished by T. IL Lacy. See Barrister,
The, and Home Truths.
Good for Nothing-. A comic drama
in one act, by J. B. Buckstone {q.v.),
founded on 'La Gamine' of Deslandes
(Paris Varietes, 1850, with INIdlle. Virginie
Duclay as the heroine), and first performed
at the Haymarket Theatre, London, on
February 4, 1851, with Mrs. Fitzwilliam as
Nan, J. B. Buckstone as Tom Dibbles, H.
Howe as Harry Collier, and Parselle as
Charley ; first performed in America at New
York in 1S52, with Chippendale as Tom
Dibbles; revived at the Adelphi, London, in
December, 1858, with J. L. Toole as Tom,
and Miss Woolgar as Nan ; at the Globe in
November, 1868, with Miss Clara Thome as
Nan ; at the Gaiety in July, 1869, and No-
vember, 1871 ; at the Olympic in 1877, with
Miss Gerard as Nan; at the Prince of
Wales's in June, 1879, with Mrs. Bancroft
as Nan ; at the Gaiety in July, 1880 ; at the
Kaymarket in June, 1881, with Mrs. Bancroft
as before, S. B, Bancroft as Harry Collier,
A. Cecil as Tom Dibbles, and H. B. Conway
as Charlie; at the Haymarket in May, 1885,
with Mrs. Bancroft as before, C. Brookfield
as Harry, E. INIaurice as Charles, and H.
Kemble as Tom ; at the Criterion Theatre,
London, on January 13, 1887 {matinee), with
Mrs. Bancroft as before, A. Cecil as Tom,
H. Ashley as Harry, G. GiddensasiSuHpsou;
at the Olympic in January, ISSS, with Jliss
H. Leyton as Nan; at the Gaiety in April,
1891, with Miss E. Farren as Nan; at the
Court in December, 1891, with Miss Rose
Norreys as Nan, B. Thomas as Torn, and
Weeclon Grossmith as Simpson.
Good Fortune. A comedy adapted by
C. F. Coghlan from the ' Roman d'nii
Jeune Homme Pauvre ' of Octave Feuillet,
and first performed at the St. James's
Theatre, London, on December 4, 1880, with
W. H. Kendal, J. Clayton, T. N. Wenman,
W. Mackintosh, W. H. Denny, Mrs. Kendal,
Mrs. Gaston Murray, Miss Linda Dietz, and
Mrs. Stephens in the chief parts.
Good Gracious ! A comedietta by
George Hawtrey {q.v.), first performed at
the Court Theatre, London, January 21,
1885.
Good Hope (The). A play in four acts,
by Hermann Heijermans {q.v.), translated
by Christopher St. John from the original
Dutch, and first performed at the Imperial
Theatre, London, April 26, 1903, with Miss
R. Filippi as Kniertje, E. Lyall Swete and
H. Granville Barker as Geert and Barend,
her sons ; Miss M. Halstan as Jo, Geert' s
sweetheart ; and other parts by Miss L.
Braithwaite, Miss Beryl Faber, 5liss Irene
Rooke, Miss Edith Craig, etc.
Good Husbands make Good
Wives. A farcical comedy in two acts,
by J. B. Buckstone, first performed at the
Haymarket Theatre, London, in August,
1832, with the author and INIrs. Humby as
Mr. and Mrs. Faithfull, and Vining and
Miss Taylor as Mr. and Mrs. Gadfly.
Good Little Wife (A). A comedy in
one act, translated and adapted from De
Musset's 'Un Caprice,' and published by
T. H. Lacy.
Good liuck. (1) A musical comedy in
three acts, adapted by J. P. Burnett from
' La Cigale ' of Meilhac and Halevy, and first
performed at the Strand Theatre, London,
April 13, 1885. (2) A drama by O. Silver-
stone, Horwich, February 10, 1902.
Good Mother (The). A comedy trans-
lated from Mdme. de Genlis' 'Theatre
of Education,' and printed in 1781.
Good Mr. Best. A musical farce in
three acts, by John J. McNally', City The-
atre, Brockton, Mass., April 17, 1897 ; Garrick
Theatre, New York, August 23, 1897.
Good News. A drama in three acts,
by Henry J. Byron {q.v.), first performed
at the Gaiety Theatre, London, on August
31, 1872, with J. L. Toole as I'om Larkin,
Miss Fanny Brough as Lilian, Miss Annie
Tremaine as Madeline, Miss E. Farren as
Sal Slattery, H. R. Teesdale as Caiitain
Rayley, and other parts by J. Maclean,
J. G.^Taylor, K. Soutar, etc. Tom is a
grocer's shopman, who for a time thinks
himself heir to a fortune, and neglects his
sweetheart Lilian, an actress, for Madeline,
daughter of a baronet. But it turns out
that he is not the heir, and he is glad to
return to Lilian. Sal is a maid-of -all-work.
Good Nig-ht and Pleasant Dreams.
See Twice Killed.
Good Nig-ht, Sig-nor Pantaloon. A
' musical farce in one act, adapted from a
GOOD NIGHT'S REST
596
GOOD-NATURED MAN
French musical version of ' Twice Killed '
(q.v.) (Opera Comique, Paris, February 19,
1851), and tirst performed at the Adelphi
Theatre, London, May 29, 1851, with G.
Honey as Signor Pantaloon, Miss Woolgar
as Lelio (his son), Miss K. Fitzwilliam as
Columbine, and P. Bedford as Dr. Tititofolo.
See Bon Soir.
G-ood Night's Rest (A) ; or. Two
in the Morning- ! A farce in one act,
by Mrs. Charles Gore, first performed at
the Strand Theatre, July, 1839.
Good Old Times (The). A drama in
four acts, by Hall Caine and Wilson
Barrett, first performed at the Princess's
Theatre, London, Feliruary 12, 1889, with
W. Barrett as John Langley, J. P., Miss
Eastlake as Mary Langley, Lewis Waller as
Crosby Grainger, S. Murray Carson as Parson
Langley, Austin Melford as Amos Barton,
George Barrett as Coldbath Joe, R. Pateman
as Spot, H. Cooper- Cliff e as Eev. W. Moore,
J. A. Welch as the Oysterman, Miss Webster
as Lucy, Miss L. Belmore as Biddy, etc.
Good Q,ueen Bess. A burlesque by
C. J. Collins, produced at the strand
Theatre, London, March, 1856, with James
Rogers in the title-part. — ' Good Old Queen
Bess : ' a burles(iue in one act, words by
Walpole Lewin, music by William Robins,
Vaudeville Theatre, London, June 3, 1891.—
' Good Queen Bess : ' an opera-burlesque
in two acts, libretto by Leo and Harry
Trevor, music by Burnham Horner and
Harry Trevor ; Theatre Royal, Richmond,
May 1, 1895.
Good Run for It (A). A farce in one
act, bv T. V. Bridgman iq.v.), Sadler's
Wells Theatre, February, 1854.
Good Time (A). See Gay City, The.
Good Woman in the Wood (The).
An extravaganza founded by J. R. Planche
{q.v.) on INldlle. de la Force's 'La Bonne
Femme,' and produced at the Lyceum The-
atre, London, in December, 1852, with
Mdme. Vestris in the title-part, and other
roles by Miss St. George, Miss Wyndham,
Frank Matthews, etc.
Goodall. Father to Valentine in Field-
ing's ' Intriguing Chambermaid' {q.v.).
Goodall, Annie. Actress, born 1847,
died March, 1877 ; made her professional
dibut at the Surrey Theatre, London, De-
cember 26, 1865, as Margery Daw in ' Harle-
quin and King Chess.' — Bella Goodall,
actress, born 1852, died February, 1884 ;
made her tirst appearance at the Prince of
Wales's Theatre, London, April 15, 1865, as
Coralie in ' A Winning Hazard ' {q.v.).
Goodall, Mrs. Charlotte. Actress ;
daughter of one Stanton, an itinerant actor-
manager ; appeared at Bath in 1784 as liosa-
Und, and acted for some time both in that
city and in Bristol, where she married a
merchant captain named Goodall, from
whom she was divorced in 1813. Her Lon-
don debut was made in 1788, once more as
Rosalind, and at Drury Lane, at which
theatre she was afterwards seen as Flora.
in ' She Would and She Would Not,' Char-
lotte Rusport in ' The West Indian,' Clarinda,
in 'The Double Gallant,' Jacintha in 'The
Suspicious Husband,' Mrs. Sullen in 'The
Beaux' Stratagem,' Angelica in 'Love for
Love,' Millamant in ' The Way of the World,'
Viola in ' Twelfth Night,' Clarissa in ' The
Confederacy,' etc. In 17S9 she figured at
the Haymarket as Sir Harry WUdair in
' The Constant Couple.' She was at the
King's Theatre in 1791-2, and at Drury Lane
again in 1794. She acted at the Haymarket
as late as 1803. Among her original parts
were Marcella in 'The Pannel' (1788) and
Adeline in ' The Battle of Hexham ' (1789).
A contemporary satirist (1798) describes her
as having "a pretty lifeless face" ('The
Druriad'). See Genest's 'English Stage'
and ' Dictionary of National Biography.'
Goodfellow, Robin. See Puck.
Good-looking- Fellow (The); or,
The Roman Nose. A farce in uue act,
bv George Al>iar, performed at Sadler's
Wells Theatre, April, 1834.
Goodman, Cardell. Actor, died 1699 ;
son of a clergyman ; entered St. John's.
College, Cambridge, and took his degree
of B. A. in 1G70. Having been expelled from
the University, he became page of the back
staircase to Charles I., from which place,
after five years' service, he was dismissed.
Next, after having run through a small
fortune which he had inherited, he joined
the King's Company of Players at Drury
Lane, where he ^^as first seen, apparently, as.
Polysperchon in ' The Rival Queens ' (1677),
afterwards (as Dow^nes records) appearing
as Alexas in 'All for Love,' Pharnaces in
' INIithridates,' and Valentinian in the play
so named (as adapted by Rochester, 1685).
Alexander the Great and Julius Ccesar are
said to have been his best parts. Convicted
of having engaged in a highway robbery, he
was pardoned by James II. In 1688 he left
the stage, and got his living as a gamester.
Latterly he was known and prosperous as
the favourite of the Duchess of Cleveland.
In 1696 he was concerned in a plot against
the life of William III., but escaped to
France, where he died. " By his enemies,'*
we read, he was styled " Scum" Goodman,
and under that name he forms one of the
persoiice in Tom Taylor's ' Lady Clancarty '
{q.v.). See Bellchamber's edition of Colley
Gibber's 'Apology' (1822), Doran's 'His
Majesty's Servants,' etc.
Goodman. A character in :JIilner's
'Barmecide' {q.v.).
Goodman's Fields. See London
Theatres.
Good-natured Man (The). A co-
medy in five acts, by Oliver Goldsmith
{q.v.j, first performed at Covent Garden on
January 29, 1768, with Powell in the title-
part {liomywood), Shuter as Croaker, Wood-
ward as Lofty, Bensley as Leontine {Croaker's
son), Clarke as Sir William Uoneywood,
GOOD-NATURED MAN
597
GOOSE WITH GOLDEN EGGS
Dunstall as Jarvis (Honeywood's servant),
K. Smith as a bailiff, Quick as a post-boy,
3Irs. Bulkeley as Miss Riddand, Mrs. Mat-
tocks as Olivia, Mrs. Pitt as Mrs. Croaker,
ami Mrs. Green as Garnet {Olivia's, maid).
" Honeyivood is good-natured to excess.
His generosity to unworthy persons reduces
Jiim to pecuniary distress. . . . Sir William
Jloneyivood, on his return from Italy, keeps
liimself a concealed spectator of his nephew's
actions. He buys up a debt of Honeywood's
and arrests him for it. Miss Richland rescues
him from the arrest, but enjoins her agent
to observe the strictest silence. . . . Huney-
wood is in love with her, but had never
owned more than a great friendship for her.
. . . At the conclusion, i/o?ie.vwoocZ becomes
sen.sible of his folly ; his uncle is reconciled
to him ; Miss Richlajid gives hiniiher hand "
(Genest). The sub-plot has to do with the
loves of Leontine and Olivia. Goldsmith
began the play in 1766, and completed it in
the following year. It was offered first to
Garrick, but accepted in the end by Colman.
Johnson wrote a prologue for it, but this,
says Anstin Dobson, "turned out to be
dispiriting. Powell was, as the hero, cold and
unsympathetic. On the other hand, Shuter
pi'oved inimitable in the part of Croaker,
while Woodward was almost equally good
as the charlatan Lofty. The success of the
piece, however, was only qualified, and one
.scene of ' low ' humour, in which some
Lailiffs were introduced, gave so much
offence that it was withdrawn after the
first representation." The comedy was per-
formed for ten consecutive nights, and Gold-
•smith made about £400 out of the three
" author's nights," with a further £100 out
of the publication of the play (to which the
suppressed scene was restored). *' When I
undertook to write a comedy," said Gold-
smith in his preface, "I confess I was
strongly prepossessed in favour of the poets
of the last age, and strove to imitate them."
' The Good-natured Man ' was revived at the
Haymarket on August 26, 17S3, with Edwin as
Croaker, Palmer as Lojty, Bannister, jun., as
Leontine, and Mrs. Inchbald as Olivia; at
■Covent Garden on April 20, 17S9, with Farren
as Honeyivvod, Macready as Leontine, and
Miss Brunton as Miss Richland ; at the same
theatre, April 22, 1800, with Pope as Honey-
wood and Munden as Croaker [in three
acts] ; at the Haymarket in 1S04, with C.
Mathews as Croaker, R. Palmer as Lofty,
and Bartley as Honeyivood ; at Covent
Garden in 1S26, with ^Farren as Croaker,
"Warde as Honeyivood, Jones as Lofty,
Cooper as Leontine, Bartley as Sir William,
]\Irs. Chatterley as Miss Richland, and Mrs.
■Glover as Mrs. Croaker ; at the Fifth Avenue
Theatre, New York, on May 24, 1S70, with
W. Davidge as Croaker, J. Lewis as Lofty,
D. H. Harkins as Sir William, G. Clarke
.as Honeyivood, Miss F. Davenport as Miss
Richland, and Mrs. Gilbert as 3[rs. Croaker
ID. H. Harkins spoke the prologue by Dr.
Johnson, and a new epilogue by William
Winter was spoken by the company. " One
■character, the immodest landlady, was
omitted. The capital scene with the bailitis
was restored. The incidents of act iv.
were transposed so as to make Croaker's dis-
covery of the letter, and characteristic mis-
construction of its meaning, the climax "] ;
at the Gaiety Theatre, London, on February
2, 1881 (matinee), with Miss Litton as Miss
Richland, Miss H. Cresswell as Olivia, J.
H. Barnes as Honeyivood, Lionel Brough
as Croaker, F. Everill as Lofty, Clifford
Cooper as Sir William, J. Y. Stephens as
Leontine, J. Vollaire as Jarvis, E. F. Edgar
as Twitch, Mrs. H. Leigh as Mrs. Croaker,
and Miss M. Harris as Garnet ; at the
Vaudeville on the afternoon of November
16, 1SS6 [by the Dramatic Students], with
Eric Lewis as Honeyivood, W. Lugg as
Croaker, Mark Ambient as Lofty, G. R.
Foss as Sir William, Duncan Young as
Leontine, H. H. Morell as Twitch, C. Dods-
worth as Flanigan, Fuller Mellish as the
post-boy, Bernard Gould as a servant. Miss
Norreys as Miss Richland, Miss Neva Bond
as Olivia, Miss M. Ajrtoun as Mrs. Croaker,
etc. The comedy was played in the English
provinces in 1882-3, with Edward Compton
as Croaker.
Goodwill. Father of Lucy in Field-
ing's ' Virgin Unmasked' (g.r.).
Goodwin, J. Cheever. American
dramatic writer ; author of • Aladdin, Jun.,'
'The Bellman,' 'Blue Beard,' 'A Daughter
of the Revolution,' ' The Devil's Deputy,'
'Don Quixote, Jun.,' 'Dr. Syntax,' 'Evan-
geline,' ' Fleur-de-Lis,' ' Jacquette,' ' The
Lion Tamer,' ' The Little Trooper,' ' Lost,
Stolen, or Strayed' (afterwards 'A Day in
Paris'), • The Merry Monarch,' ' The Monks
of Malabar,' ' Panjandrum,' ' The Pretty
Perfumer,' 'A Quiet Evening,' '34-21,' and
'The Violin-Maker of Cremona;' author,
also, of "books" of ' Giroflt^-Girofld,' 'The
Little Duke,' and 'The Princess of Trebi-
zonde;' part-author (with J. Braham) of
' Pippins ' and ' William Tell,' (with E. E.
Rice) of 'The Corsair,' (with C A. Byrne)
of 'Papa Gou-Gou' (afterwards 'A Nor-
mandy Wedding ')(lS97-8), (with L. Harrison)
of • Who killed Cock Robin ? ' (1899), etc.
Goody Goose. (1) A pantomime by
C. H. Hazlewood {q.v.), performed at the
Marylebone Theatre, London, at Christmas,
1858, with J. A. Cave as Greenheart. (2)
A pantomime by J. B. Johnstone, pro-
duced at the same theatre.
Goody Two-Shoes. (1) A pantomime
by C. DIBDIN, jun., performed at Sadler's
Wells. (2) A pantomime bv J. Strachan,
Sadler's Wells Theatre, December 26, 1872.
(3) A pantomime by George Conque.st
and Henry Spry, Surrey Theatre, London,
December 26, 1899. See Little Goody
Two-Shoes.
Goose, Mother, figures in Planch^'s
'Discreet Princess' {q.v.). See Mother
Goose.
Goose with Golden Eg-g-s (The).
A farce by Augustus Mayhew {q.v.) and
Sutherland Edwards {q.v.), first per-
formed at the Strand Theatre on September
GOOSEBERRY
593
GORDON
1, 1859, with J. Clarke as Flickster, Rogers
as Turby, W. Mowbray as Bonsor, and Miss
Ida Wilton as Clara Turby ; revived at the
Criterion Theatre, London, 1876, with J.
Clarke as Turby a,nd E. Right on as i^^tc/csier.
Gooseberry, Major. A character in
Daly's 'Lemons' iq.v.).
Goosequill. A character in C. Selby's
' Behind the Scenes' (q.v.).
Gorboduc. The first regular tragedy
in the EngUsh language ; performed on
January is, 1562. as part of a "grand
Christmasse " in the Inner Temple, London,
and " after shewed before her Majestie."
We are told that it Avas " never intended by
the authors thereof to be published," but,
an unauthorized text appearing in 1565, an
authentic text was issued in 1570. The un-
authorized version (reprinted in 1569, 1571,
and 1590) was reproduced by the Shake-
speare Society in 1847. It states that the
first three of the five acts were written by
Thomas Norton ; in the authorized edition
we read that the work was the joint product
of Norton and of Thomas Sackville, after-
wards Lord Buckhurst and Earl of Dorset,
author of ' The Induction to the Mirror for
Magistrates ' (1599-63). Warton, in his ' His-
tory of English Poetry,' argues that Sack-
ville wrote the whole. Sir Philip Sidney,
in his ' Apology for Poetry ' (1595), describes
' Gorboduc ' (which is in blank verse
throughout) as "full of stately speeches
and well-sounding phrases, clymbing to the
height of Seneca his stile, and as full of
notable moralitie, which it doth most de-
lightfully teach, and so obtain the very end
of poetry." Pope saw and praised in the
work " a propriety in the sentiments, an
unaffected perspicuity of style, and an easy
flow in the numbers ; in a word, that
chastity, correctness, and gravity of style
which are so essential to tragedy." " As a
work of genius," says Hazlitt, "it maybe
set down as nothing, for it contains hardly
a memorable line or passage ; as a work of
art, and the first of its kind attempted in
the language, it may be considered as a
monument of the taste and skill of the
authors. Its merit is confined to the regu-
larity of the plot and metre, to its geiieral
good sense, and strict attention to common
decorum." Charles Lamb wrote: "The
style of this old play is stiff and cumber-
some, like the dresses of its time. There
may be flesh and blood underneath, but we
cannot get at it. . . . lam willing to believe
that Lord Buckhurst supplied the more
vital parts." The play is in five acts, and
there is a "chorus " (of " four auncient and
sage men of Brittaine ") at the close of every
act except the last. Each act opens with a
masque or dumbshow, "shadowing by an
allegorical exhibition the matter that was
immediately to follow." The " argument
of the tragedie " is thus set forth : " Gor-
boduc, King of Brittaine, divided his realme,
in his life-time, to his .''onnes, Ferrex and
Porrex. The sonnes fell to discention. The
younger killed the elder. The mother, that
more dearly loved the elder, for revenge
killed the yonger. The people, moved with
the crueltie of the fact, rose in rebellion,
and slew both father and mother. The
nobilitie assembled, and most terribly de-
stroyed the rebels ; and afterwards, for want
of issue of the prince, whereby the succes-
sion of the Crowne became uncertain, they
fell to civil warre, in which both they and
many of their issues were slain, and the land
for a long time almost desolate and miser-
ably wasted." The Queen's name is Videna ;
ancl among other " speakers " ai'e the Dukes
of Cornwall, Albany, Leogris, and Cumber-
land, and characters named Eubulus (Se-
cretary to the King), Arostus, Dordan,
Philander, Herman, Tyndar, and Marcella.
Here is a specimen of the versification,
taken from a speech by Eubulus —
" Within one land, one simple rule is best;
Divided reigns do make divided hartes.
But peace preserves the counlrey and the prince . . .
Your grace reraembretli how in passed yeres.
The mightie Brute, first prince of all this laade,
Possessed the same, and ruled it well in one ;
He thinking that the compasse did suffice
For his three sonnes three kingdoms eke to make.
Cut it in three, as you would now in twaine ;
But how much British blood hath since been spilt
To joyne again the sondred unitie ! "
" Gorboduc " is to be found in Hawkins's
'Origin of the English Drama' and in
•The Ancient Drama;' see. also, the
texts edited by W. D. Cooper (1847), and by
L. Toulmin Smith (1883). See, also, Fleay's
' English Drama ' (1891), and Ward's
' English Dramatic Literature ' (1899).
Gorbrias. Father of Arbaces in Beau-
mont and Fletcher's ' A King and No
King' {q.v.).
Gordian Knot (The). A play in three
acts, by Claude Lowther, first performed
at His Majesty's Theatre, London, May 20,
1903, with" H. Beerbohm Tree as Roger
Martens, ^B.. Taber as the Vicomte de Se'liy-
nac, Miss Olga Nethersole as Gabrielle Mel-
ville, and other parts by Lionel Brough ("a
Grand Duke"), ^Nldme. de Naucaze, Miss
Helen Ferrers, Miss Lucy Franklein, etc.
Gordian Knot TJnty'd (The). An
anonymous comedy, performed in 1691.
Gordon, Georgre Lash. Actor and
dramatic writer, died March, 1895 ; author
of 'Wedded Bliss' (1873), 'Backing the
Favourite ' (1875), ' The Brand of Cain,'
(1S75), ' A Hornet's Nest ' (1876), ' Bachelor's
Hall ' (1877), ' Salviniana ' (1877), ' Millions
in It' (1877), ' Auld Lang Syne' (4877), 'The
Treaty of Peace ' (1878), ' Broken Bail' (1878),
'Conspiracy' (1882), 'Tit Bits' (1883).
' Oughts and Crosses ' (1884), ' Faust and
Co.' (1886), 'The Grand Duke' (1886), etc. ;
part-author (with G. W. Anson) of ' Hamlet
h la Mode ' (1876), (with Joseph Mackay) of
'Night Birds' (1881) and 'London Pride'
(1SS2), (with H. Lennard and W. Mackay) of
'The Delights o' London' (1882), (with J. F.
McArdle) of ' Fif ' (1882), and (with B. Nash)
of 'The Silly Season ' (1892).
Gordon, Harriett. Actress; played
Titania in 'A Midsummer Night's Dream'
GORDON
GOSSOX
at the Grecian Theatre, London, in 1851 ;
Don Giovanni in Dibdin's burlesque at the
^Strand in IS-i-i ; Westminster in ' The Hay-
market Spring Meeting ' at the Haymarket
in 1855; Susan in 'Black-eyed Susan' at
(.'ovrnt Garden, Don L'-ander in ' The In-
visible Prince ' at Sadler's Wells, and Time
Chorus in Brough's ' Perdita ' at the Lyceum,
in 1856.
Gordon, L. S. Author of ' Keeper of
the Seals.'
Gordon, "Walter [real name, William
Aylmer Gowing]. Actor and dramatic
writer, born 1S23, died 1S92 ; made his Lon-
don debut at Drury Lane, November 10, 1356,
as Captain Littlepop in ' Little Toddlekins.'
He Avas in the original casts of ' The Light-
house' (1857), 'The Red Vial' (IS.iS), 'The
Porter's Knot ' (185S), ' Payable on Demand '
(1850), 'The Chimney Corner' (1861), 'A
Wild-goose Chase' (1867), etc. Among his
contributions to stage literature were
' Deai-est Mamma,' ' Duchess or Nothing,'
'Home for a Holiday,' 'My Wife's Rela-
tions,' ' An Odd Lot,' ' Old Trusty,' ' Pay to
the Bearer— a Kiss,' and ' Through Fire and
^Vater.'
Gordon th.e Gipsy. A melodrama
produced at the Lyceum Theatre, London,
in August, 1S22. " In this the very unusual
expedient was adopted of leaving the heroine
at the end of the play without either lover
or husband."
Gore, Catherine Grace Frances
[ace Moody]. Novelist and dramatic writer,
born 1799, died 1S61 ; author of the following
stage jjieces :— 'The School for Coquettes '
(Haymarket, 1831), 'Lords and Commons'
(Drury Lane, 1832), ' The King's Seal ' (1835),
'King O'Neil' (1835), 'The Queen's Cham-
pion' (1835), 'The Maid of Croissy' (183 J),
' Dacre of the South, or The Olden Time '
(1810), and ' Quid pro Quo, or The Day of
Dupes' (Haymarket, 1844), all of which
see. See also ' Dictionary of National Bio-
graphy.'
Gore, Mrs. Charles. See Bo.nd, The,
and Good Night's Rest.
Goring-, Mrs. and John. Mother and
son in Albeuy's ' Crisis ' {q.v.).
Gorner. See Brother Sam ; also II.
Mor.ey's ' Journal of a London Playgoer.'
Gortz of Berlingren, See Goetz of
Berlichingen.
Goshawk. A character in Middleton's
' Roaring Girl ' {q.v.).
Gosling-, Jack. A character in 'Fox
versus Goose' (g.u.). A Hon. Jack Gosling
figures in ' The Cynic ' (q.v.), and there is a
Is! at Gosling in Boucicault's ' Flying Scud '
{q.v.).
Gospel Shop (The). A comedy in five
acts, by R. Hill, intended as a satire on
the Methodists, and printed in 1778.
Gossamer. A character in Reyxolds'
•Laugh when you Can' {q.v.).
Gosse, Edmund. Poet, critic, and
miscellaneous writer ; author of ' Kino'
Erik : a tragedy in verse ' (1876), ' The Un-
known Lover : a drama in verse for private
acting, with an essay on the Chamber Drama
m England' (1878), a Memoir of Thomas
Lodge, prefixed to his ' Works ' (1883), ' The
Masque of Painters' {q.v.) (18S5), an essay
prefatory to 'Love's Graduate' [a comedy
extracted by E. Gosse from Webster and
Rowley's ' Cure for a Cuckold 'J (1885), a
monograph on Congreve [in ' Great Writers '
series] (18SS), an introduction to the plays
of Shirley (1888), an introduction to Ibsen's
'Lady of the Sea' (1890), translations of
poems by Ibsen [contributed to Jaeger's ' Life
of Ibsen'] (1890), a translation of Ibsen's
' Hedda Gabler ' (1891), and a translation
[with William Archer] of Ibsen's ' Master-
Builder' (1893). See, also, the essays and
passages on dramatic subjects in ' Northern
Studies ' (1879), ' Seventeenth - Century
Studies ' (1SS3), ' From Shakespeare to Pope '
(1835), 'A History of Eighteenth-Centurv
Literature' (1889), 'Gossip in a Library''
(1891), 'Questions at Issue ' (1893), ' Critical
Kit-Kats' (1896), 'A History of Modern
English Literature ' (1897), and ' English
Literature : an Illustrated Record ' (1903).
See Ibsen, Henrik.
Gossip. (1) A comedietta in two acts,
adapted by Augustus Harris and T. J.
Williams {q.v.) from 'L'Enfant Terrible,'
and first performed at the Princess's The-
atre, London, in November, 1859, with a
cast including J. Ryder, Meadows, J. G.
Shore, E. Garden, and Mrs. C. Young. (2)
A play adapted from the French of Scribe,
and tirst performed in America at the Park
Theatre, Philadelphia, February 13, 1892.
( 3) A comedy in four acts, adapted by Clyde
Frrcn and Leo Dietrichstein from Jules
Claretie's story, ' Monsieur le Ministre,' and
first performed at Palmer's Theatre, New
York, in March, 1895, with Mrs. Langtry as
Mrs. Barry, and other parts by 3Iiss EfiSe
Shannon, Eben Plympton, W. T. Lovell,
J. W. Pigott, etc. ; first performed in Eng-
land at the Grand Theatre, Islington, in
June, 1895, with Mrs. Langtry as" before.
Miss B. Sitgreaves as Mrs. Stanford, J. W.
Pigott as Barry, Oscar Adye as Stanford,
and H. Flemming as Count Marcy ; pro-
duced at the Comedy Theatre in February,
1896, with Mrs. Langtry as before.
Gossip, Dickey. A character in
Prince Hoare's ' My Grandmother' {q.v.).
Gosson, Stephen. Actor, cleric, and
miscellaneous writer, born 1555, died 1624 ;
took his B.A. at Oxford in 1576, and, going
to London, became "noted for his admirable
penning of pastorals " (Meres' ' Palladis
Tamia'). According to Lodge (' Defence of
Poesy'), he had experience as an actor, and
we know that he wrote for the stage several
pieces, such as ' Catiline's Conspiracies,'
' The Comedie of Captain Mario,' and ' Praise
at Parting.' His experience of the tlieatre
must have been unfavourable, for in loi'd he
attacked it in ' Tiie Schoole of Abuse ' {q. v).
GOSSOON
600
GOVERNOR
which was followed by two replies to his
critics— 'A 8hort Apologia of the Schoole
of Abuse' (1579) and 'Plays Confuted in
Five Actions' (15S2) (q.v.). By 1584 he had
takpn orders and been appointed lecturer at
Stepney ; he was afterwards rector of Great
Wipborough, Essex, and of St. Botolph's,
Bishopsgate. See Wood's ' Athense Oxo-
nienses,' Collier's ' History of English Dra-
matic Poetry,' Ward's ' English Dramatic
Literature,' and the reprints of ' The Schoole
of Abuse.'
Gossoon (The). A play by E. E. Kid-
der, Opera House, Detroit, Mich., August
17, 1891 ; People's Theatre, New York, No-
vember 30, 1891.
Groswin, in Beaumont and Fletcher's
' Beggars' Bush ' (q.v.), is the son of Clause.
G-otliam Election (A). A farce in one
act, by Mrs. Centlivre (q.v.), printed in
1715, but never acted. It was "a dramatic
illustration of a phase of English life to
which the political events of the time were
giving unprecedented prominence " (A. W.
Ward).
Gotobed Tom ! A farce in one act,
by Thomas Morton, first performed at the
Olympic Theatre, London, in November,
1852, with Compton in the title-part.
Goug-enheim, Josephine. American
actress ; appeared at the Broadway The-
atre, New York, in August, 1850. She made
her English debut at the Lyceum Theatre,
London, in October, 18G0, as Norah Merrion
in Boucicault's 'Irish Heiress ' (7.V.). She
afterwards appeared as Constance in 'The
Love Chase ' (q.v.). J. N. Ireland says she
"possessed both beauty and talent." See
Morley's ' Journal of a London Playgoer.'
Goug-he [or Goffe], Robert. Actor,
died 1624 ; figures in the list of players given
in the 1023 folio edition of Shakespeare's
plays. Among his recorded parts are those
of Aspatia in ' Sardanapalus ' (1581) and the
Usurping Tyrant in 'The Second Maiden's
Tragedy ' (1611). See Wright's ' Historia
Histrionica,' Collier's ' English Dramatic
Poetry,' and ' Dictionary of National Bio-
graphy.'
Goujet. A character in Charles
Reade's 'Drink' (q.v.).
Gould, Bernard [J. Bernard Partridge].
Actor ; ajjpeared in 1SS6 in revivals of
Dryden's ' Secret Love ' and White's ' King
of the Commons ' by the Dramatic Students
(q.v.). He was the original representative
of Sesostris in 'Nitocris' (1887). Clement
Hale in ' Sweet Lavender ' (1888), Edwin
Honeydew in 'New Lamps for Old' (1890),
Victcr Broughton in 'Linda Grey' (189 1),
the title character in ' Richard Savage '
(1891), Guasconti in 'The Poison Flower'
(1891), Pierrot in 'The Kiss' (1892), Major
Saranoff in 'Arms and the Man' (1894),
Rivers in ' Thyrza Fleming ' (1895), and Sir
Douglas Thorburn in ' The Squire of Dames '
(1895). He was also in tlie first cast of
'The Pointsman' (1887), 'The Strike at
Arlingford' (1893), 'A Comedy of Sighs' [^
(1S94), and ' Under the Red Robe ' (1S96).
At the Op^ra Comique in 1893 he played
Ulric Brendel in ' Rosmersholm' (q.v.).
Gould, James Nutcombe. Actor,
born 1849, died 1899 ; in 1884 joined T. C.
King's Shakespearean company. His Lon-
don dehut was made in 1SS7, at the Comedy,
as the original Rhcinveck in 'The Re'd
Lamp' (qv.). He was afterwards in the
first cast of ' Brantinghame Hall ' (Lord
Saxmundham) (1SS8), ' The Struggle for
Life' (1890), 'Sunlight and Shadow' (1890),
• The Idler ' (1891). ' Lady Windermere's
Fan' (Lord Darlington) (1892), 'Liberty
Hall ' (1892), ' The Second Mrs. Tanqueray''
(Frank Misquitk), 'A Bunch of Violets'
(Viscount Mountsorrel) (1894). '.John h.
Dreams' (Rev. Stejyhen Wynne) (1894), etc.
Among his other parts were Maleotti in
'Forget Me Not' (1889) and Philip Curzon
in 'The Greatest of These' (1896). At the
Olympic in 1897 he appeared as Hamlet and
Shy lock.
Gould, Mrs. See Giovanni.
Gourlay, "William. Actor, died 1S82 ;
made his professional d^but at the Adelphi
Theatre, Edinburgh, in April, 1836, as Young
Korval. Twelve years later he was the
director of the Victoria Temple (afterwards
" Theatre ") in the same city, and figured
there as the Dougal to Webster's Bailie
Nicol Jarci-e. He himself played the Bailie
at the Adelphi, Edinburgh, in January,
1852, and was seen in that part for the last
time at the Princess's, Edinburgh, just
thirty years later. " Gourlay," says J. C.
Dibdin, " was probably the best in the part
after Mackay (q.v.). He had been trained,
indeed, under the veteran " (' The Edin-
burgh Stage'). "Gourlay," says Walter
Baynham, " was an imitator of Mackay,
quaint, dry, and funny ; but his Bailie was
wanting in the delicacy of touch of his
model " (' The Glasgow Stage '). Among
other characters essayed by him were
Bauldy in ' The Gentle Shepherd ' and
Triplet in 'Masks and Faces'— both at
Edinburgh in 1853.
Governess (The). (1) A " comic
opera," produced at the Crow Street The-
atre, Dublin, in 1777, with men in the
female and women in the male characters,
Mrs. Jordan figuring as Lopez. It proved
to be a pirated version of Sheridan's
'Duenna' (q.v.), the dialogue having been
taken down in shorthand, the names of the
characters being changed, and the music
being performed from the published copies.
(2) A play printed in 1785. (3) A domestic
drama, in a prologue and four acts, adapted
from the ' Miss Multon ' of Adolphe Belot,
and produced at the Olympic Theatre,
London, on October 21, 1SS6. See MiSS
Multon.
Governor (The). A tragedy by Sir
Cornelius Formido, entered on the book
of the Stationers' Company in September,
1G53.
GOVERNOR OF CYPRUS
601
GRAHAME
Governor of Cyprus (The). A
tragedy by John Oldmixon, founded on a
contemporary novel, performed at Lincoln's
Inn Fields, and printed in 1703.
Grovernor of Kentucky (The). A
play by Franklyn Fyles, Albaugh's Lyceum
Theatre, Baltimore, Md., January IS, 1S96 ;
Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York, .January
■21, 1S96, with AV. H. Crane in the title-part.
Governor's "Wife (The). A comedy
in two acts, by Thomas Mildexhall, per-
formed at the Lyceum Theatre, London,
with a cast including Diddear, Keeley, F.
INIatthews, F. Vining, and Mrs. Keeley.
Governors. A farcical comedy in three
acts, by Fred Gibbs, Port Huron, Mich.,
.September 1, 1S:)7 ; Hoyt's Theatre, New
York, January 3, 1893.
Goward, Miss. See Keeley, Mrs.
Gowingr, TV. A. See Gordon, Walter.
Gowrie Plot (The). See James VI.
Go^vry. A trai^edy which appears to
have been performed in London " by the
King's Players " in lyoi.
Grab. An attorney in G. Abbott A.
Beckett's 'Man with the Carpet Bag'
iq.i:).
Grace. A comedy in three acts, by J.
S. Dutch, Theatre Royal, Sale, March 5,
18S0 ; Prince's, Manchester, April 24, 1881.
Grace Darling- ; or, The Wreck at
Sea. A drama in two acts, by Edward
.Stirling, first performe<l at Adelphi The-
atre, London, on December 3, 1838, with
Mrs. Yates as the heroine, Mrs. Keeley as
Doll}/ Daisy, Wright as Dafudil Primrose
(a dandy valet), H. Beverly as Timothy
Seagull (a cockney traveller), Lyon as Old
Darling (the Fern lighthouse keeper),
Saville as Robert Darling, J. Webster as
Harry Stannion, and Wilkinson as Sandy
DoiibleknocJc (a postman).
Grace Holden. A drama by C. S.
Cheltnam, Theatre Royal, Belfast, August
23, 1869.
Grace Huntley. A domestic drama
in three acts, by Henry Holl (q.v.), tirst
performed at the Adelphi Theatre, London,
in 1833, with Mrs. Yates in the title part,
Yates as Joseph Huntley, J. Reeve as Simon
Mealhag, " O." Smith as Sandy Smith, and
J. B. Buckstone as Tibby Cracko.
Grace Royal. A drama in four acts,
by Paul Meritt (q.v.). first performed at
the Princess's Theatre, Edinburgh, on May
SI, 1876 ; first performed in London, under
the name of ' The Golden Plough,' at the
Adelphi Theatre on August 11, 1877, with
Miss Louise Willes as Grace Royal, and other
parts by Miss Alma Murray, Miss Hudspeth,
Emery, J. G. Shore, J. Billington, ^I'lntyre,
and W. Terriss ; played in the English pro-
vinces in 1881, with Miss Dolores Drummond
as the heroine.
Graceful. The king's minstrel in
Planche's 'Fair One with the Golden
Locks' {q.v.).
Graceless, Greg-ory. A character in
LUPTON'S ' All for Money ' {q.v.).
Graciosa and Percinet. An extrava-
ganza adapted by J. R. Planche from the
French, and produced at the Havmarket at
Christmas, 1841, with Miss Julia Bennett as
the Princess Graciosa, Miss P. Horton as the
Prince Percinet, and J. Bland as the King
Uxorious.
Gradenig-o- A senator of Venice, in
Falconer's ' Francesca ' {q.v.).
Gradus. A pedant in Mrs. Cowley's
' Who's the Dupe ? ' (2) The pedantic sou
of Sir Samuel Sarcas)n in BouciCAULT's
'Alma Mater' {q.v.).
Graeme, Malcolm, figures in the
dramatizations uf Scott's ' The Lady of the
Lake.'
Grafton, SirWoodbine. A character
in 'Peril' {q.v.).
Graham, H. See County Council-
lor.
Graham, J. M. See Marlana.
Graham, Mrs. See Yates, Mrs.
Richard.
Grahame, Cissy. Actress ; made her
professional debut at Hull in ls;75. Her first
appearance in London took place on January
4, 1849, when she played Lucy Franklin in
' A Scrap of Paper ' at the Court Theatre,
where she appeared subsequently as Leonie
in ' The Ladies' Battle.' Her first original
part was that of Marguerite in Val Prinsep's
' Monsieur Le Due ' (St. James's, 1879). She
was afterwards the first representative of
Margaret Curl in Wingfield's 'Mary Stuart '
(1880), Lisa in ' Annie-Mie ' (1880), Nellie
Forrester' in 'The Colonel' (1881), Fva
Treherne in ' Odette ' (1882), Lottie Fletcher
in ' Saints and Sinners ' (1884), Caroline
Fareham in ' Under Fire ' (ls8o), Mrjra
Cayley in ' Open House ' (1885), Mrs. Hope
in 'The Pickpocket' (1886), the title cha-
racter in ' Barbara' (1886), Mirabelle in ' The
Amber Heart ' (1887), Elizabeth Jane in ' The
Doctor' (1887), Kate Cunlijf'e in ' Lady For-
tune ' (1887), Lois in ' Sun'set ' (1888), Nell!/
Marley in ' Uncles and Aunts ' (1888), and
Mrs. Vaughan in ' The Bungalow ' (,1889).
In 1890 Miss Grahame became the lessee
of Terry's Theatre, producing there ' New
Lamps for Old ' (in which she played Mrs.
Honeydcw) and 'The Judge ' (in which she
was the Daphne). In 1891 she played Clara
Dexter in ' The Maister of Woodbarrow '
[' Woodbarrow Farm,' q.v.], in the English
provinces, where, betAveen 1882 and 1834,
she had been seen as Almida in ' Claudian,'
Nellie Denver in 'The Silver King,' and
Ress Marks in ' The Lights o' London.'
Grahame, J. G. Actor; first fig-ire d
on the boards at the Prince of Wales's The-
atre, Liverpool, in 1870, as Dsiaby in Robert-
son's 'Progi ess ' {q.v.). After sjuie provincial
GRAIN
602
GRAND NATIONAL
experience, he made his London debut in
1873 at the Charins; Cross Theatre as Arthur
Wilson in H. J. Byron's 'Time's Triumph'
iq.i-.), then first produced. He was after-
wards in the first casts of ' Weak Woman '
(1S75), 'A Bridal Tour' (ISSO), 'Divorce'
(ISSl), 'Punch' (ISSl), and 'The Half- Way
House' (ISSl). His later original parts
have included Paul de Vigne in 'Human
Nature ' (1SS5), Percival Glenn in ' Enemies '
(1886), Harrti Copslcy in ' A Run of Luck '
(1886), Frank Weatherley in 'The Golden
Band' (1SS7), Tom LIdatone in ' The Points-
man ' (18S7), Johaa Tonnesen in ' The Pillars
of Society' (1SS9), Captain Sylvester in 'The
New Woman ' (1894), Alex. Eraser in ' The
Benefit of the Doubt ' (1895), Jack Uniacke
in ' The Late Mr. Costello ' (1895), Reginald
Temple in ' The Purser ' (1897), etc. J. G.
Grahame has also been seen in London as
Jack Fortinbras in ' As in a Looking-Glass '
(Opera Comique, 1889), the title character
in 'Dr. Bill' (Avenue, 1890), the butler in
' The Admirable Crichton ' (suburban the-
atres, 1903), etc. He was the original Marcus
in ' The Woman in the Law ' {q. v.). He also
supported Mrs. Langtry as "leading man"
during her first American tour, and was for
a time a member of the Madison Square
Theatre company.
Grain, Richard Corney. Actor,
vocalist, pianist, musical composer, born at
Teversham, Cambs., October, 1844; died
March, 1S95 ; studied for the bar, to which
he was called in 1866. He was, however,
in much request as an amateur entertainer,
and in May, 1870, appeared at the Gallery
of Illustration, Regent Street, London, as
a professional performer, his contribution
to the programme ["Mr. and Mrs. German
Reed's Entertainment"] being a musical
.sketch written and composed by himself,
and called ' The School Feast.' In 1873 he
went with the Reeds to St. George's Hall,
Langham Place, and in 1877 became Alfred
German Reed"s partner in the management,
which lasted till 1895. In the twenty-five
years of his connection with the entertain-
ment, Corney Grain prepared and interpreted
about sixty-five musical sketches, besides
figuring as actor and vocalist in many of
the musical comediettas of which the per-
formance mainly consisted. The last of
these in which he performed was ' Melodra-
mania' (1894); his last musical sketch was
entitled 'Music a la Mode.' He, Alfred
Reed, and Mrs. German Reed all died within
a few days of each other. Corney Grain
wrote the music for two burlettas — 'That
Dreadful Boy' (1S82) and ' Carnival Time'
(ls90). See 'Corney Grain: by Himself
(1858), ' The German Reeds and Corney Grain '
(1895), and German Reed Entertainment.
Graing-er, Ethsl. The heroine of
Byron's 'Married in Haste' {q.v.).
Gramont. Younger son of Count Eoque-
laure in Mrs. Cockburn's ' Fatal Friendship '
(q.v.).
Grampus, The Widow. The leading
character in PiLuN's ' -Erostation ' (g.r.)-—
Grampus is the name of an alderman and
family in E. Stirling's ' Dandolo.'
Gran Galeoto (El). A play by Jose
Echegaray, adapted to modern English life
and character by Malcolm Wat.son, and
performed under the title of ' Calumny' at
the Shaftesbury Theatre, London, April 4,
1889. Translated by Maude Banks, it was
performed at the Berkeley Lyceum, New
York, February 28, 1S98. A translation by
Hannah Lynch was published in 1895.
Grand Army (The); or, The Attack
on Monterreau. A play performed at
the City of London Theatre in October,
1838.
GrandDuchessof Gerolstein(The).
An opera, music by Otf enbach, produced (for
the first time in England) with an English
libretto by Charles Lamb Kenney, at
Covent Garden Theatre, November 18, 1867,
with Miss Julia Mathews in the title-part,
W. Harrison as Fritz, Aynsley Cook as
General Boom, J. D. Stoyle as Prince Paul,
Frank Matthews as Baron Puck, E. J. Odell
as Baron Grog, F. Payne as Nepomuc, and
Miss Augusta Thomson as Wanda ; revived
at the Gaiety Theatre, London, in April,
1871 (with Beverley as Fritz), and in August,
1871 (with Miss Loseby as Wayida, C. Lyall
as Fritz, and Furneaux Cook as Puck) ;
revived at the Savoy Theatre, London, on
December 4, 1897, with a new libretto by
C. H. E. Brookfield and " Adrian Ross,"
and with a cast including ]Miss Florence St.
John as the Duchess, Miss Florence Perry
as Wanda, C. Kenningham as Fritz, H. A,
Lytton as Prince Paul, W. Elton as Puck.
W. Passmore as Boom, C. Brookfield as Grog,
and other parts by Scott Fishe, Jones Hew-
son, and Miss Ruth Vincent.
Grand Duke (The). (1) A musical
extravaganza, libretto by G. L. Gordon,
music by J. Gregory, Her Majesty's Theatre,
Dundee, August 7^ 1886. (2) 'The Grand
Duke ; or, The Statutory Duel : ' a comic
opera in two acts, written by W. S. Gilbert,
composed by Arthur Sullivan, and produced
at the Savoy Theatre, March 7, 1896, with
Walter Passmore as Rudolph, C. Kenning-
ham as Ernest Dumkopf, R. Barrington as
Ludwig, Miss E. Owen as the Princess of
Monte Carlo, Miss R. Brandram as the
Baroness von Krakenfeldt, Mdlle. Ilka von
Palmay as Julia Jellicoe, Miss Ruth Yin-
cent as Gretchen, and other parts by Jones
Hewson, Scott Russell, Scott Fishe, Miss
Florence Perry, etc.
Grand Mog-ul (The). A comic opera
in three acts, music by Audran, libretto
(after MM. Chivot and Duru) by H. B.
Farnie, first performed in London at the
Comedy Theatre on November 17, 1884. with
Miss Florence St. John as Djemma, Frede-
rick Leslie as Ayala, Henry Bracy as Prince
Mignapour, Frank Wyatt akCapitaine Coque-
louche, and Arthur Roberts as Jugginsee-
Lai. See Great Mogul.
Grand National (The); or, The
Sporting- Youth from the Counting-
GRANDFATHER WHITEHEAD
603
GRATEFUL FAIR
House to th.e Hulks. A drama by
James Elphixstone, Colosseum Theatre,
Liverpool, March 29, 1869.
Grandfatlaer "Whitehead. A drama
in two acts, by Mark Lemon (g.w.), first
performed at the Haymarket Theatre, Sep-
tember 27, 1842, with W. Farren in the title-
part, B. Webster as Boh Lincoln, and other
parts by Tilbury, Stuart, Strickland, Mrs.
E. Yarnold, and Mrs. Stanley ; revived at
the Aquarium Theatre, London, in Novem-
ber, 1878, with W. Farren in the title-part.
Grandfather's Clock. (1) A drama
in three acts, by E. C Bertrand, Pavilion
Theatre, London, August 30, 1879. (2) A
farce by J. Baron, Sadler's Wells Theatre,
December 17, 1883.
Grandison, "Weathersby. An old
fop in ' The Great Divorce Case' (q.v.).
Grandtete, Duke and Duchess, in
Blxksto.ne's ' Child of the Regiment '
i'l-v.).
Granna "Waile and the Bridal Eve.
An Irish drama by J. Archer, East London
Theatre, December 26, 1874.
Grannet, Miss Pamela, in H. J.
Byron's 'Cyril's Success ' ('/.«.), is the wife
of Matthew Pincher {q.v.), but separated
from him. On the subject of the separation
she is made to say : " When it comes to the
question of the man wanting more than his
fair share of the thin part of the salmon, it
is time to part. Share and share alike, thick
and thin, say I— and I said it— and we parted
upon a ({uestion of incompatibility."
Grant, Dig-hy. Father of Lottie and
Ida in Aluery's ' Two Roses ' (g.v.).
Granuffo. Lord-in-waiting in Marston's
' Parasitaster ' (q.v.). " The wit of this cha-
racter," says Hazlitt, "consists in his not
speaking a word through the whole play ;
he never contradicts what is said, and only
assents by implication. He is a most in-
fallible courtier, and follows the prince like
his shadow."
Granville, Charlotte. Actress; made
her professional debut at the Avenue The-
atre, London, in 1890, as Mdme. de Quincam-
poix in 'The Struggle for Life' (q-v.). At
the St. James's, in iS91, she figured in ' The
Gay Lothario,' and played Mrs. Glynn Stan-
more in 'The Idler' during the latter part
of its run. Later in the same year she
appeared at the Criterion in a revival of
' Brighton.' At the St. James's in 1893 she
was seen, on occasion, as Paula Tanqueray,
and, following Miss Amy Roselle, as Mrs.
Cortelyon in ' The Second INIrs. Tanqueray.'
Since then she has been the original re-
presentative of the following (and other)
characters : Helen Larondie in ' The Masque-
raders' (1894), Viscountess Chokehlaney in
Godfrey's ' Vanity Fair ' (1895), Mrs. Doyle
in ' The Squire of Dames' (1895). Lady Sybil
in ' The Sorrows of Satan' (1897), Mrs. Alley a
in ' Settled out of Court ' (1897), Mrs. Sf.
Roche in ' The Princess and the Butterfly '
(1897), Gertrude Fairfax in ' The Other Man's
Wife ' (1898), Mrs. Portman in 'The Man of
Forty ' (1898), the Princess Vendramini in
' The Ambassador ' (1S99), Ada Wuthering in
' The Wisdom of the Wise ' (1900), Dr. Ara-
bella Walker in 'The Bishop's Eye' (1900),
Mollie Prescott in ' The Awakening ' (1901\
Lady Sylvia in ' A Country Mouse ' (1902),
Lady Duncan in ' Billy's Little Love-Affair '
(1903). She appeared as the Queen in ' Ham-
let ' at the Lyceum in 1897.
Granville, Georg-e. See Lan.sdowne,
Lord.
Granville, H. Such. Dramatic writer ;
author of 'Saved' (1868), ' Sardanapalus,'
burlesque (1868), '^neas, or Dido Done'
(186S), "Twas All for Love' (1877), 'That's
why she Loved him ' (1878), ' Falsely
Judged ' (1880).
Grasping- a Shadow. A comedietta
in one act, by Tom Craven, Theatre Royal,
AVest Hartlepool, July 20, 18S5.
Graspus. See Gripus.
Grass Widows. A comedy by J. L.
Whitxaker, Queen's Theatre, Dublin, Sep-
tember 19, 1879. This is also the title of an
operetta for which Virginia Gabriel wrote
the music— 'A Grass Widow:' a play by
C. T. Vincent, produced in U.S.A. in 1887.
— ' The Grass Widow : ' a comedy in two acts,
byFAWNEYFANE, Theatre Royal, Worthing,
May 9, 1898.—' The Grass Widow : ' a farce
in three acts, by Madeline Lucette Ryley,
first performed at Devonshire Park Theatre,
P^astbourne, May 26, 1902 ; produced at the
Shaftesbury Theatre, London, June 3, 1902.
Grasshopper (The). (1) A dramatiza-
tion of George Sand's story 'La Petite
Fadette,' first performed in America in three
acts ; adapted by B. Webster, jun., and
produced at the Olympic Theatre, London,
on August 14, 1S67, with Horace Wigan as
Barbeau, J. Clayton as Landry Barbeau,
Dominick ilurray as Beaucadet, Miss Emma
Webb as 3Itre Fadet, Miss Sheridan as
Madelon, and Miss Ada Webb as Fanchon.
(2) A comic drama in three acts, adapted
by John Hollingshead from Meilhac and
Halevy's ' La Cigale,' and first performed at
the Gaiety Theatre, London, December 9,
1877, with Miss E. Farren in the title-
part, Edward Terry as Pygmalion Flip2nt,
J. H. Barnes as Adonis Stip'ple, R. Soutar
as Gyagall, Mrs. H. Leigh as Lady Buckram,
J. Maclean as the Earl of Bogland, and E.
W. Royce as the Hon. Sidney Murass. The
'Grasshopper' is a persecuted circus girl
who turns out to be a heiress, and in the end
pairs off with FliqJint (a painter) ; Gyngall is
ashoAvman ; Morass is the girl's aristocratic
suitor. (3) A duologue by WiLTON Heriot,
Princess's Theatre, London, January 14,
1902. See Fanchette, Fanchon, and Fan-
CHONEITE.
Grateful Fair (The) ; or, A Trip to
Cambridg-e. A comedy by Christopher
Smart {q.v.), acted at Pembroke College,
Cambridge, in 1747. See the ' Biographia
Dramatica.'
GRATEFUL FATHER
604
GREAT C^SAR
Grateful Father (A). A farce by T.
Edgar Pembertox, Prince of Wales's The-
atre, Birmingham, April 15, 1878.
Grateful Servant (The). A comedy
by James Shirley {q.v.), acted at Drury
Lane, and printed in 1630. "The theme
of the action," says A. W. Ward, " is a noble
one— the unselfishness of true love. . . .
Foscari, the lover of Cleona, when he finds
that the Duke is a suitor for her hand,
declares himself ready to renounce his
aspirations to it. He has given himself
out for dead, when a happier turn occurs in
his fortunes. Leonora, the Duke's former
love, who has assumed the disguise of a
page in order to escape from another
marriage, and has entered the service of
Foscari, reveals her identity to him. The
relations between Foscari, Cleona, the Duke,
and Leonora, recall 'Twelfth Night' and
its several analogues. One or two features
of Malvolio reappear in Cleona' s 'foolish
ambitious ' .steward Jacomo " (' English Dra-
matic Literature'). See, also, the 'Biogiu-
phia Dramatica.'
Gratiano. (1) Friend to Antonio and
Ba^sanio in ' The Merchant of Venice.' (2)
Brother to Brabantio in * Othello ' iq.v.).
Gratitude ; or, A Battle for Gold.
A drama in tliree acts, by W. IL Pitt,
Britannia Theatre, London, June 12, 1SG9.
Grattan, Henry. Actor ; son of H.
p. Grattan ; played juvenile parts at the
Adelphi and Princess's Theatres, London, in
1S75-77, and at Drury Lane in ls79 ; was in
the original casts of ' Bachelor's Quarters '
(1889), ' Blue-Eyed Susan ' and ' In Town '
(1892), and ' Go-Bang ' and ' All-my-Eye-
vanhoe' in 1894 ; has since played numerous
parts at the old and new Gaiety Theatres.
He is the author of ' A Silent Vengeance '
(1901) and ' The M.I.' (1903), and part-author,
Svith E. H. Paterson, of ' Merry Mr. Martin '
(1895).— His sister Emily appeared at the
Adelphi in juvenile parts in 1876-7, and was
in the first cast of ' Incognito ' (183S).
Grattan, H. P. [Henry Willoughby
Orattan Plunkett]. Actor and dramatic
■writer, born 1808, died 1889 ; author of ' Glory '
(1870), 'Nobody's Fortune' (1872), 'The
Claimant' (1872), ' The White Davs of Kerry '
(1S72), 'My Uncle's Card' (1873), 'Orson'
(1876), ' The Omadhaun ' (1877), ' Seven Years
Ago' (1879), 'The Death- Warrant ' (1879),
'Follies of the Day' (18S2), 'Ye Legende'
(1883), (with J. Ehlred) ' Echoes of the
Night ' (1884) ' Lady Godiva' (18S5). ' Wanted ,
an Enemy ' (1886), ' The Rake's Will ' (1889).
Grattan was one of the earliest members of
the staff of ' Punch.'— Mrs. H. P. Grattan
{nee Byron), beginning as a favourite in East
End Theatres, played in burlesque at the
Princess's about i8l2. She died in New
York in 1878.
Grave Burst (The) ; or, The Ghost's
Piteous Tale or' Horror, by V/.
Shaks' ere, Esqr. The title under
svhich 'Hamlet' was presentt^d at New-
Ca.'^t.e, Poiinsylvanii, in 1855, with Laurence
Barrett in the leading role. •' The elaborate
title," says Laurence Hutton, "was sup-
posed to be more taking with the theatre-
going population of this particular form
than the simple name by which it was
usually known to Shaksperian students."
Graveairs, Lady, A woman of in-
trigue in Gibber's ' Careless Husband.' —
Graveairs is a deacon in ' The Americans
Roused ' {q.v.).
Graves, Alfred Percival. Miscel-
laneous writer ; born 1846 ; author of ' Out
of the Frying-Pan ' {([.v.) and ' The Postbag '
(libretto, 1901).
Graves, Clotilde. Dramatic and mis-
cellaneous writer ; author of the follow-
ing plays :—'Nitocris' (1SS7), (with Yorke
Stephens) 'The Skeleton' (1887), (with E.
Rose and W. Sidney) ' She ' (1888), ' Death
and Rachel' (1890), 'Katherine Kavanagh '
(with Mrs. Beringer, 1891), 'The Knave'
(1S93), ' Dr. and Mrs. Neill ' (1894), ' A
Mother of Three ' (1896), (with Miss Ger-
trude Kingston) ' A Match-Maker ' (1«96),
'The Bishop's Eye' (1900), 'The Forest
Lovers ' (1901). (with Lady Colin Campbell)
' St. Martin's Summer ' (1902), ' A Maker of
Comedies ' (1903), ' The Rape of the Lock '
(1903), ' The Mistress of the Robes ' (1903).
Graves. A middle-aged widower ia
Lord LyttO-N'S ' Money ' {q.v.).
Gray, John. Dramatic and miscella-
neous writer ; author of ' The Kiss,' adapta-
tion (1892), • Sour Grapes,' libretto (1894),
and (with Andr6 Raff alovich), ' The Black-
mailers ' (1894).
GiSiy.— Lady Elizabeth Gray figures in
' The Earl of Warwick' (g.v.). — Julian Gray
is the clerical hero of Wilkie Collins's
' New Magdalen ' (qv.). — Michael Gray is the
drunkard in T.Mgrto.n's' Drunkard's Glass'
(7. v.). — Ilohia Gray figures in Arnold's
' Auld Robin Gray' {q.v.).
Gray Ladye of Fernlea (The). (1)
A drama by E. Towers, City of London
Theatre, August 31, 1867. (2) A drama by
C. H. Hazlewood, Britannia Theatre, Lon-
don, September 9, 1867.
Grazehook, Hester. The heroine of
Tom Taylor's 'An Unequal Match' {q.v.).
Graziella. An opera, founded upon Sir
Julius Benedict's cantata of that name (fJir-
mingham Festival, August 29, 1882), and
first performed (with libretto by Henry
Hersee) at the Crystal Palace Theatre,
London, September 29, 1883.
Great Bank Robbery (The). A
drama in five acts, by Edward Darbf.y,
Queen's Theatre, Keighley, March 9, 1896.
Great Caesar. A burlesque in two
acts, written by GEORGE Grossmith, jun.,
Paul Rubens, and Harold Ellis, com-
posed by Paul and Walter Rubens, and first
performed at the Comedy Theatre, London,
April 29, 1899, with W. Edouin as Ccesar, F.
Emney as Cicero, G. Grossmith, jun., as Maix
Antony, Miss Decima Moore as Lucia, Miss
Ada Reeve as Cleopatra, etc.
GREAT CASIMIR
6C5
GREAT GUN TRICK
Great Casimir (Tlie). A vaudeville
in three acts, mus c by Charles Lecocq, antl
libretto adapted by Hexry S. Leigh from
the French of J. Prevel and A. D. Saint-
Albin ; first performed at the Gaiety The-
atre, London, on September 27, 1879, with
Edward Terry in the title-part, and other
roles by W. Elton, E. W. Royce, R. Soutar,
Miss Ellen Farren (Angelina), Miss Wad-
man (Seraphina), INIiss Emily Muir, and Miss
Connie Gilchrist.
Great Catch (A). A comedy in three
acts, by Hamilton Aide (q.v.), first per-
formed at the Olympic Theatre, London, on
the afternoon of March 17, 1S83, with W. H.
Vernon as Sir Martin Ingoldsby, H. Beer-
bohm Tree as Lord Boodle, Miss Genevieve
Ward as the Hon. Mrs. Henry de Motteville,
Miss Achurch as Lady Stanmore, and other
parts by David Fisher, sen., Mrs. Leigh
Mvirray, and :Miss Lucy Buckstone.
Great City (The). A comedy-drama in
four acts, by Andrew Halliday (q.v.), first
performed at Drury Lane Theatre on April
'22, 1867, with Miss M. Robertson (Mrs.
Kendal) as Edith, C.Warner as Lord Church-
onouse, and other parts by C. Harcourt, J. C.
Cowper, W. Mclntyre, Miss Le Thiere, etc. ;
revived at the Princess's, London, in 1870.
Great Coraet (The). A play in three
acts, adapted by Cotsford Dick from
' Der Grosse Comet ; ' Theatre Royal,
Bournemouth, December 14, ls9G.
Great Demonstration (The). A
farce in one act, by I. Zangwill, Royalty
Theatre, London, September 17, 1892.
Great Diamond Rohhery (The).
(1) A drama in prologue and four acts, by
W. R. Waldron and Burford Delannov,
Sadler's Wells Theatre, October 10, 1892.
(2) A drama in four acts, by E. M. Al-
FRiEND and A. C. Wheeler, produced at
the American Theatre, New York, in 1895,
with \V. H. Thompson and Mdme. Janaus-
chek in leading parts ; Pavilion Theatre,
London, E., May 16. 1S9S.
Great Divorce Case (The). A co-
medy in three acts, adapted by " John
Doe and Richard Roe" (Clement Scott
and ARTHUR Matthison) from 'LeProces
V'eauradieux,' and first performed at the
Criterion Theatre, London, on April 15,
1876, with Charles Wyndham as Geoffrey
Gordon, J. Clarke as Samuel Pilkie, H.
Standing as Sir Francis Hamerton, E.
Righton as Weathersby Grandii^on, Miss
Emily Duncan as Lady Hamerton, Miss
Nellie Bromley as Mrs. Graham, Miss H.
Coveney as Mrs. Sharp, .Miss Edith Bruce
as Parker, and Miss E. Yining as Sarah ;
played in the English provinces in 1877,
with Miss de Grey as Mrs. Graham; re-
vived at the Criterion on January 7, 1882,
with C. Wyndham and H. Standing in their
original rSles, A. ^Nlaltby as Grandison, Mi^s
M. Rorkeas Lady HameHon, Miss K. Rorke
as Mrs. Gordon, Miss Rose Saker as Mrs.
Graham, and Mrs. John Wood as 3Irs.
Sharp.
Great Duke of Florence (The). A
play by Philip Massinger, licensed in 1627,
acted at the Phcenix in Drurv Jane, and
printed in 1635. In this piece, the Duke
Cozimo, hearing reports of the great beauty
of Lidia, the daughter of Charomonte, his
son Giovanni's tutor, sends his favourite,
Sanazarro, to ascertain if the reports be true.
Sanazarro falls in love with Lidia, and, to
keep the Duke out of the way, gives unfavour-
able testimony concerning Lidia. The Duke,
suspecting, starts off to see Lidia himself,
but she, being enamoured of Giovanni, con-
trives to be personated by her maid Petro-
nella. The Duke discovers both impostures,
but is prevailed upon to pardon the culprits
and to sanction the union of Lidia with his
son. Massinger seems to have based his
play upon the story of Ethelwald and
Elfrida, as told in ' King Edward and
Alfreda,' 'Edgar; or, The English Monarch,'
'Elfrid' ('Ethelwold'), and^ 'Elfrida,' all
of which see. See, also, Knack to know
A KN.WE, A.
Great Expectations. A drama, ia
prologue and three acts, adapted by W. S.
( JiLBERT from the story by Charles Dickens
(ISGO), and first performed at the Court The-
atre, London, on May 29, 1871, with Miss-
E. Bufton as Estella, Miss Maggie Brennan
as Pip, Miss Kate Bishop as Biddy, E. C.
Righton as Joe Gargery, J. Clayton as dag-
gers, W. Belford as Orlick, J. C. Cowper
as Magwitch ; revived at the Imperial The-
atre, London, in 1877. This play, writes its
author, '• afforded a curious example of the
manner in which the Censorship of those
days dealt with plays submitted to it foi'
licence. It seems that it was the custom
of the then Licenser of Plays to look through
the MS. of a new piece, and strike out all
irreverent words, substituting for them
words of an inoffensive character. In
' Great ^Expectations,' Magwitch, the re-
turned convict, had to say to I^ip, ' Here
you are, in chambers fit for a Lord.' The
MS. was returned to the theatre with the
word 'Lord' struck out, and 'Heaven'
substituted, in pencil !"—' Great Expecta-
tions ' has also been dramatized by W. J.
Rix, under the title of 'Pip's Patron'
(Beccles Town Hall, November 30, ls92).
Great Favourite (The); or, The
Duke of Lerma. A tragedy by Sir
Robert Howard, produced at the Theatre
Royal in 1668, and " far from a bad play,"
says Genest. The plot is from Spanish
historians, and the scene laid in Madrid ;
portions of the text being in verse, blank
and rhymed.
Great Felicidad (The). A comedy in
three acts, by H. M. Paull iq.v.), performed
at the Gaiety Theatre, London, on the after-
noon of March 24, 1887, with a cast including
A. Dacre, F. H. Macklin, Brandon Thomas,
Kric Lewis, Miss Amy Roselle, antl iliss
Cissy Grahame.
Great Gun Trick (The). A ' ' magical
squib " in one act, by C. Le Ros, produced
at Drury Lane on December 31, 1855, with
GREAT ILLUSION
GREAT UNKNOWN
C. J. Mathews, J. Rogers, and Tilbury in
the cast. Mathews played a part in which
he parodied certain sleight-of-hand tricks
for which Anderson, " the Wizard of the
North," had obtained celebrity. Anderson
retorted by producing at Covent Garden a
farce announced as ' Twenty Minutes with
an Impudent Puppy,' but brought out under
the title of ' What does he Want ? ' In this
piece Leigh Murray burlesqued Mathews.
It was followed at the Strand Theatre by
a farce entitled ' A Plague on both your
Houses,' ridiculing both Mathews and
Anderson.
Great Illusion (The). A play in one
act, by Mrs. Hugh Bell, West Theatre,
Albert Hall, London, June 2S, 1S95.
Great Metropolis (The). (1) An
extravaganza by F. C. Bur.nand, first per-
formed at the Gaiety Theatre, London, on
April 6, 1874, with a cast inclucling Miss E.
Farren, Miss C. Loseby, Mrs. Leigh, J. G.
Taylor, G. Honey, etc. (2) A melodrama in
six acts, by G. H. Jessop and B. Teal, first
performed at Proctor's Theatre, New York,
on August 31, 1SS9 ; re-written by William
Terriss and Henry Neville, and pro-
duced in five acts at the Princess's Theatre,
London, February 11, 1S92.
Great Millionaire (The). A drama
in five acts, by Cecil Raleigh, first per-
formed at Drury Lane Theatre, September
19, 1901, with a cast including C Fulton in
the title-part, F. Soutar, C. Allan. C. 'M.
Lowne, A. Bucklaw, Mrs. Henry Leigh,
Miss D. Drummond, Miss ^L Girdlestone,
Miss F. Wilkinson, and Miss V. Featherston.
Great Mogul (The). A comic opera
in two acts, libretto by Edward Oxe.n-
PORD, music by William W. Meadows, first
performed at the Royalty Theatre, London,
June 22, ISSi, with Arthur Williams in the
title-part, and other roles by Cecil Raleigh,
"W. H. Fisher, Miss H. Coveney, and Miss
A. Lawler. See Grand Mogul.
Great Northwest (The). A melo-
drama in five acts, by H. H. Winslow and
W. R. Wilson, produced at the American
Theatre, New York, August 31, 1S96.
Great Pearl Case (The). A comedy-
drama in three acts, by " S. X. Courte,"
Theatre Royal, Birmingham, August 27,
1S94, with Miss Olga Brandon as Mrs. Van
Duccat. See Wife of Dives.
Great Pickwick Case (The). An
operetta, founded on the trial-scene in
' Pickwick ; ' words of the songs by Robert
Pollitt, music by Thomas Rawson ; pub-
lished in 1SS4. See Bardell v. Pickwick.
Great Pink Pearl (The). A play in
three acts, by R. C. Carto.v (q.v.) and
Cecil Raleigh (q.v.), first performed at
the Olympic Theatre, London, May 7, 1S85,
with C. D. Marius as Prince Paul Peninkorf',
G. Giddens as Anthony Skeen, C. Groves
as Patrwcio Gonnani, Miss Compton as
Pnncess P-n'nlcorf', Miss Goldney as J/a/-//
Turner, ana other parts by A. M. Denison,
S. CafFrey, S. Harcourt, Miss C. Jecks, and
Miss L. Claremont ; afterwards played in the
English provinces, with Mdmt;. de Naucaze,
A. M. Denison (the Prince), and Edgar Bruce
(Skeen) ; performed in America in 1SS7-S,
with the chief parts by Mdme. de Naucaze
and W. Gillette. E. H. Sothern also ap-
peared in this piece in the States.
Great Ruby (The). A drama in four
acts, by Cecil Raleigh (q.v.) and Henry
Hamilton (q.v.), first performed at Drury
Lane Theatre, September 15, 1898, with Mrs.
John Wood as Lady Garnett, and other
roles by Mrs. C. Raleigh, Miss Pateman, Miss
Hoffmann, R. Loraine, R. Pateman, etc. ;
produced at Daly's Theatre, New York,
February 9, 1S99, with Miss Ada Rehan as
Lacbj Garnett, and other parts by Miss B.
Bates (followed bv Miss M. Vandresser),
Mrs. G. H. Gilbert," etc.
Great Sensation (A). A drama in
four acts, by Arthur Shirley and Ben
Landeck, Pavilion Theatre, London, August
31, 1903.
Great Sensation Trial (The); or,
Circumstantial Effie-Deans. A bur-
lesque by William Brough of ' The Heart
of Midlothian,' produced at the St. James's
Theatre, London, in 1S64, with Miss Marie
Wilton as Geordie Bobert^on.
Great Silence (The). An episode of
Red Indian life, by Basil Hood, Coronet
Theatre, London, July 23, 1900.
Great Success (A). A farcical comedy
in one act, by J. James Hewson, Theatre
Royal, Birkenhead, September 19, 188 1.
Great Taykin (The). A " Japananza,"
words by Arthur Law, music by George
Gro.ssmith, first performed at Toole's The-
atre, London, April 30, 1835, with .J. L.
Toole as Josiah Gandy, and other roles bv
E. D. Ward, G. Shelton, Miss E. Thorne,
Miss M. Linden, etc.
Great Temptation (The). A farce,
produced at the East London Theatre, May
25, 1874.— 'A Great Temptation:' a drama
in four acts, by Arthur Shirley and
Benjamin Landeck, Lyric Opera House,
Hammersmith, February 20, 1S99 [produced
originally as 'The Eve of Marriage ' (q.v.)].
Great Tichborne Case (The\ A
farce by William 3Iackay, Theatre Royal,
Leicester, May 20, 1872.
Great Tom-Tom (The). A comic
opera, written by Butler Stanhope, music
arranged and composed by J. R. Reid, The-
atre Royal, Birkenhead, June, ISsG.
Great Train Robbery (The). A
play by Scott Marble, Alhambra Theatre,
Chicago, 111., September 28, 1896 ; People's
Palace, New York, October 19, 1896.
Great Unknown (The). (1) A farce
performed at the Haymarket on September
9. 1823, with Terry, Liston, ;Miss Love, and
Mrs. Gibbs in the cast. (2) An " eccen-
tric" comedy in three acts, adapted by
■>'l^^
GREAT UNPAID
607
GREEX
AufiUSTiN Daly from ' Die Beruhmte Frau '
of Franz von Schonthan and Gustav Kadel-
bwrg, and first produced at Daly's Theatre,
New York, on October 22, 1889, with a cast
including J. Lewis, J. Drew, Wilton Lack-
aye, ^Nliss Ada Rehan, Miss Isabel Irving,
and Mrs. G. H. Gilbert ; produced on August
5, 1890, at the Lyceum Theatre, London.
Great TJnpaid (The). A farcical co-
medy in three acts, adapted by Fred
ilORNER from Bisson's 'La Famille Pont-
Hiquet,' and first performed at the Comedy
Tlieatre, London, May 9, 1893, with a cast
including W. H. Vernon, Cyril Maude, H.
V. Esmond, E. VV. Gardiner, H. de Lange,
Miss M. A. Victor, etc.
Great World of London (The). A
drama in four acts, by George La.nder
and Walter Melville, Standard Theatre,
London, October 31, 1898.
Greater Love (The). A play in four
acts, by Vincent Brown, Theatre Royal,
Brighton, June 10, 1901.
Greatest of These (The). A play in
four acts, l)y Sydney Grundy, first per-
formed at the Grand Theatre, Hull, .Septem-
ber 13, 189.5, with W. H. Kendal as Annytage,
.Mrs. Kendal as Mrs. Annytage, J. F.
Graham as the Rev. Mr. Dormer, Miss
Nellie Campbell as Grace Annytayc, etc. ;
produced at the Garrlck Theatre, London,
•June 10, 189(3, with W. 11. Kendal, Mrs.
Kendal, and Miss Campbell as before, H.
Kemble as Dormer, and Nutcombe Gould as
J'kilip Curzon ,• first performed in America
;tt Chicago, February 12, 1900, with W. II.
Ivendal and Mrs. Kendal as before.
Greatest Scoundrel Living- (The).
A melodrama in five acts, by M'Leod
Loader, Theatre Royal, St. Helen's, March
•2, 1903 ; Lyric Theatre, Hammersmith, No-
vember 2, 1903.
Greatest Thing- in the World (The).
A play by Harrielt Ford and Mrs. H. C.
])E Mille, first performed at New Haven
in February, 1900, with Mrs. Le Moyne in
the leading female role ,• produced at Wal-
lack's. New York, October, 1900.
Greatheed, Bertie, born 1759, died
182(5, was the author of a tragedy in verse
called • The Regent ' (1788) (q.v.).
Grecian Daug-hter (The). A tragedy
by Arthur Murphy, founded on a passage
in the ' De Pietate in Parentes ' of Valerius
Maximus, and first performed at Drury Lane
on February 26, 1772, with Mrs. Barry in
the title-part (Euphrasia), Barry as Evander
(King of Sicily), Palmer as Dionysius, Red-
«lish as Philotas, Aikin as Melanthon, J.
Aikin as Phocion. It was revived at Covent
Garden in 1774, at the Haymarket in 1780,
at Covent Garden in October, 1782 (with
ISIrs. Yates as Euphrasia and Henderson
as Evander), at Drury Lane later in the
same month and year (with Mrs. Siddons as
Euphrasia), at Covent Garden in 1792, 1793,
and 1804 (in this last year with J. P. Kemble
as Evander and C. Kemble as Philotas), ac
Drury Lane in 1813, ac Cuvenc i;,aiaeu ..i
1815 (Avith Miss O'Neill as Euphrasia), and
at the same theatre in 1830 (with Miss
Fanny Kemble as the heroine and C.
Kemble as Evander).
Grecian Heroine (The); or, Th-^
Fate of Tyranny. A tragedy in blank
verse, by T. D'Uri-ey, written in 1718, and
published in D'Urfey's ' New Operas ' (1721).
Grecian Theatre. See London The-
atres.
Greed of Gold (The). A drama in four
acts, by H. R. Silva (originally produced
in the provinces) ; Surrey Theatre, London,
July 6, 1896.
Greedy, Justice, in Massinger's
'New Way to Pay Old Debts,' "has but
one idea or subject in his head throughout.
He is always eating, or talking of eating.
His belly is always in his mouth, and we
know nothing of him but his appetite. He
is a very amusing personage " (dazlitt).
Greek Boy (The). A musical drama
in two acts, written by Samuel Lover,
and first performed at Covent Garden on
September 26, 1840, with Mdme. Vestris as
Uylas (the title character). Miss Cooper
as Benedetta, and other parts by Miss Agnes
Taylor, Alfred Wigan, Keeley, Granbv,
Diddear, F. Matthews, C. J. Smith, W. H.
Payne, etc.
Greek Family (The). A melodrama,
produced at Drury Lane in October, 1829.
Greek Slave (A). A musical ex-
travaganza, libretto by Owen Hall (with
lyrics l)y Harry Greenbank and Adrian Ross),
music by Sidney Jones and Lionel Monck-
ton ; first performed at Daly's Theatre,
London, June 8, 1898, with Miss Marie
Tempest as 3[aia, C. Hayden Coffin as
Diomed, Huntley Wright as Heliodorus, R.
Barrington as Marcus Pomponius, and other
roles by Miss Hilda Moody, Miss Letty
Lind, Scott Russell, etc. ; produced for the
first time in America at the Herald Square
Theatre, New York, November 28, 1899.
Greek Slave (The). See Humorous
Lieutenant.
Green. (1) Enemy to Arden in Lillo's
' Arden of Feversham ' (q.v.). (2) A character
in 'Tom and Jerry' (q.v.). (3) ilir Fitful
Green is the hero of F. L. Home'.s ' Baronet
Abroad ' (q.v.). (4) The Widow Green figures
in S. Knowles's 'Love Chase' (q.v.).
Green, Frank W. Dramatic writer,
died 1884 ; author of the following bur-
lesques : — ' Cinderella in Quite Another Pair
of Shoes' (1871), 'Cherry and Fair Star'
(1874), 'Aladdin' (1874), (with W. Swan-
borough) 'The Lying Dutchman' (1877),
' Blue Beard and Fat Emma ' (1877), ' Sindbad
the Sailor ' (1879), ' Conn, or Out of Sight,
out of 'Erin' (1S79) ; also of 'Carrot and
Pa-Snips,' extravaganza (1872), the libretto
of ' Mullibaloo' (1874), the libretto (with F.
Hay) of ' Flamingo ' (1875), ' The Dress Coat,'
farce (1876), and numerous pantomimes.
GREEN
COS
GREEN ROOM
Green, Mrs. [Jane Hippisley]. Actress ;
daughter of John Hippisley, the actor (q.v-) ',
died 1791 ; is said to have made her pro-
fessional debut at Drury Lane in January,
1740. She went thence to Goodman's Fields,
and was at Covent Garden from 1742 to 1747.
As Mrs. Green, s-he acted at Drury Lane from
1747 to 1751, and at Covent Garden from 1754
to 1780. She was the original representative,
successively, of Kitty Fry in ' The Lying
Valet,' 3Iiss Biddy in 'Miss in her Teens,'
Mrs. Hardcastle in ' She Stoops to Conquer,'
Mrs. Malajjrop in ' The Rivals,' and the title
character in 'The Duenna.' She was also
seen in her time as Miss Prue, Anne Page,
Perdita, Ophelia, Miss Hoyden, Xerissa,
Maria (in 'Twelfth Night'), Lady Froth,
Emilia ('Othello'), Doll Tearsheet, Mrs.
Heidelberg, Flippanta, the Mother-in-law
in 'The Chances,' etc. Dibdin says : "Mrs.
Green had humour even to drollery. She
had something of Shuter and something of
her father." She was "an excellent actress,"
says Genest ; "correctness and vivacity dis-
tinguished her performance." Among her
best roles were Mrs. Hardcastle, Mrs. Mala-
prop, and the Duenna.
Green, Pegrg-y. See Peggy Green.
Green, Richard. Actor and vocalist ;
was the original representative (at the Eng-
lish Opera House in 1891) of Prince John in
Sullivan's ' Ivanhoe,' in which he afterwards
figured as the Templar. At the same the-
atre, he followed D. Bispham as the Due
de Longueville in 'La Basoche' (q-v.). In
the revival of ' The Vicar of Bray ' at the
Savoy in 1892, he represented Thomas Mer-
ton, and later in the year, at the same
theatre, was the original Sir George Vernon
in Sullivan's ' Haddon Hall ' (,q.v.). In 1895
he was in the first cast (as Malet) of F. H.
Cowen's 'Harold' iq.v.), in 1896 was the
original Fred Dorian in ' Monte Carlo ' {q.v.),
and in 1S97 appeared at Terry's as Harry
i^'y/ein'The French Maid' (^.r.). Among
his' more recent ro^t^s has been that of Harry
Romney in ' :My Lady Molly ' (Terry's, 1903).
Richard Green has played numerous parts
in gTand opera, in London and elsewhere.
Green, Thomas. Actor, born 1786,
died 1859 ; known familiarly as " Gentleman
Green." He was a favourite comedian at
such houses as the City Theatre, Milton
Street, London (1833), and the City of Lon-
don Theatre (1838).
Green Bushes (The) ; or, A Hun-
dred Years Ag-o. A play in three acts,
by J. B, Bl'CKSTGNE (r/.c), first performed
(with incidental music by E. F. Fitzwilliam)
at the Adelphi Theatre, London, on January
27, 1845, with Mdme. Celeste as Miami,
Mrs. Fitzwilliam as Nelly 0' Neil, Mrs. Yates
as Geraldine, O. Smith as Wild Murtagh,
Selby as Connor O'Kennedy, Wright as
Master Grinnidge, and Paul Bedford as
Jack Gonq ; revived at the Adelphi in
October, 1870, with Mdme. Celeste, who
reappeared at the same theatre in Sep-
tember, 1872, and in October, 1874 ; revived
at the same theatre in November, 1880,
with a cast including H. Neville as O'Ken-
nedy, Shell Barry as Mtirtagh, J. G. Taylor
as Grinnidge, R. Pateman as Gong, E.
Compton as George, ;Miss Bella Pateman as
Miami, Miss Lydia Foote as Nelly, and Mrs.
Bernard Beere as Geraldine; at the same
theatre, in April, 1890, with F. Cooper
as 0' Kennedy , W. L. Abingtlon as George,
J. D. Beveridge as Murtagh, J. L. Shine as
Grinnidge, L. Rignold as Gong, Miss Mary
Rorke as Miami, Miss Ada Ferrar as
Geraldine, Miss Kate James as Nelly, and
Miss Clara Jecks as Tigertail ; revived (in
a revised state) at the Grand Theatre,
Islington, in 1903. 'Green Bushes' was
travestied by H. J. Byron under the name
of ' Grin Bushes ' (q.v.), and turned into an
opera by J. Holling.shead and W. St.
Leger under thts title of ' Miami' (q.v.).
Green Goddess (The). A drama in
four acts, by Rus.SELL Vaun, Metropole
Theatre, Camberwell, December 16, 1901.
Green Hills of the Far West (The).
A drama by John Wilkins (q.v-), produced
at the City' of London Theatre in 1S61.
Green Isle of the Sea (The). An
opera bouff'e in three acts. Princess's
Theatre, Edinburgh, September 21, 1874.
Green Lanes of Eng-land (The).
A drama in four acts, by George Conquest
and Henry Pettitt, Grecian Theatre,
London, August 5, 1878.
Green Man (The). A comedy in three
acts, adapted by Richard Jones (q.v.)
from the French, and first performed at the
Haymarket Theatre on August 15, 1818, with
Terry in tlie title character— that of a man
calling himself Green, dressing himself in
clothes of that colour, and carrying a green
watch and a green handkerchief. This
Green ("a, benevolent, blunt-spoken, friendly
cynic") proves to be the possessor of a
secret which enables him to force Lord
Rou-croft (Foote) to forgive his nephew. Sir
George Squander, who has "married beneath
him." Mrs. Glover played Lady Squander^
and Mrs. Gibbs was Tucket (her maid). The
adapter was also in the cast as Crackley.
Among other characters are Fungus, Close-
fist, Major Dumpling, and Captain Bibber.
See Hazlitt's 'Criticisms and Dramatic
Essays ' (1854).
Green Old Ag-e (A). A musical "im-
probabihty" by Robert Reece, first per-
formed at the Vaudeville Theatre, London,
on October 31, 1874, with a cast including
Miss Amy Roselle, Miss Kate Bishop, AJiss
Cicely Richards, David James, T. Thorne,
W. Lestocq, etc.
Green Room. "The term 'Green
Room,' " writes George Vandenhoflf, in his
' Leaves from an Actor's Note-book ' (1860),
" arose originally from the fact of that room
being carpeted in green (baize, probably),
and the covering of the divans being green —
stxif. But the first Green-Room in Covent
Garden Theatre was a withdrawing-room,
carpeted and papered elegantly ; with a
GREEN BOOM
GREENE
liandsome chandelier in the centre, several
globe lights at the sides, a comfortable
divan, covered in figured damask, running
round the whole room, large pier and
mantel-glasses on the walls, and a full-
length moveable swing-glass ; so that, on
entering from his dressing-room, an actor
could see himself from head to foot at one
view, and get back, front, and side views by
reflection, all round. This is the first point
to attend to on entering the Green-Room,
to see if one's dress is in perfect order, well
put on by the dresser, hanging Avell, and
perfectly comme il faut. Having satisfied
Jiim or herself on these interesting points,
«ven to the graceful drooping of a feathei',
the actor or actress sits down, and enters
into conversation with those around, which
is interrupted every now and then by the
shrill voice of the call-boy ' making his
calls.'" Vandenhoff adds: "It must be
understood that in Covent Garden and
Drury Lane Theatres there were a first and
second Green-Room ; the first, exclusively
«et apart for the corps dramatique proper,—
the actors and actresses of a certain posi-
tion ; the second, belonging to the corps de
l}alUt, the pantomimists, and all engaged in
that line of business — what are called the
* little people ' — except the principal male
and female dancer, who had the privilege of
the first Green-Room. " On the subject of
the origin of the phrase " Green Room,"
G. A. Sala writes : " I am bold enough to
express my conviction that the dramatic re-
tiring room got its name from the circum-
stance that in the old days of the ' legitimate
drama' when, during the performance of a
tragedy, the stage was always laid with a
dark-green cloth or carpet, this cloth, when
plays other than tragic were being acted,
used for convenience' sake to be rolled up,
set on end, and kept in the forger, where it
was easily accessible, and was not in the way
of the scene-shifters and the carpenters."
The " Green Room " suggested the title of
the following publications : — ' The Green
Room INIirror, clearly delineating our pre-
sent theatrical performers ' (1786), ' The
Secret History of the Green Rooms— con-
taining authentic and entertaining memoirs
of the actors and actresses in the three The-
atres Royal ' (1790-93), ' Authentic Memoirs
of the Green Room ' (1806-14), and ' Green
Room Gossip : a Gallimaufry, consisting of
theatrical anecdotes ' (1809).
Green Room (The). (1) A prelude
acted at the Haymarket in 1783 (2) A
comedy in two acts, (?) translated by Kenny,
and first performed at Covent Garden
Theatre, London, in October, 1826, with W.
Farren as Sir Peregrine Quixote, C. Kemble
as Torrid, Power as Starling, Mrs. Gibbs as
Carmine, and other parts by Bartley, Jones,
etc.
Green-Eyed Monster (The). (1) A
farce in two acts, by John Pocock, first
performed at the Lyceum on October 14,
1811, with Dowton as Jaundice, Miss Mel-
lon as Mrs- Jaundice, LovegTOve as Compass,-,
etc. (2) A comedy in two acts, by J. R.
Planch^ produced at the Haymarket
Theatre on August 28, 1828, with W. Farren
as the Baron Speyenhausen, who is very
jealous of his young wife (Mrs. Faucit), but
is cured of his infirmity by a little plot
concocted by his servant Marcus (Vining).
Among other characters are Kront, a
gardener (Wilkinson), Luise, a servant
(Mrs. Humby), and Amelia, a niece of the
Baroness (Miss F. H. Kelly), in love with
Colonel Arnsdorf (Cooper).
Green's Tu Quoque ; or, The City
Gallant. A comedy by John Cooke,
printed in 1599. It appears to have been
produced at the Red Bull as ' The City
Gallant,' but the success of Green, the
actor, in the part of Bubble (whose answer
to every compliment is " Tu quoque ") caused
the title to be changed as above. Hazlitt
calls the piece " very lively and elegant."
Greenbank. Harry Hewetson.
Dramatic writer, born 1866, died 1899 ;
author of ' Captain Billy ' (1891), ' The
Director ' (1891), the lyrics of ' Incognita '
(1892), the libretto of ' Beef Tea ' (1892),
the lyrics of ' Poor Jonathan ' (1893)
and 'A Gaiety Girl' (1893), the libretto
of 'Mr. Jericho' (1893), the dialogue of
' Mirette ' (1894), the libretto of • Monte
Carlo ' (1894), Ivrics for ' An Artist's Model '
(1895), lyrics for 'The Geisha' (1896), the
libretto of ' Old Sarah ' (1897), the libretto
of 'The Scarlet Feather' (1897), lyrics for
' A Greek Slave ' (1898), lyrics for ' San Toy '
(1899), etc.— Percy Greenbank has con-
tributed lyrics to 'The Toreador' (1901),
'The Gay Cadets' (1901), 'Three Little
Maids ' (1902), ' My Lady Molly ' (1902), ' The
Orchid' (1903), 'The Earl and the Girl'
(1903), 'The Love-Birds' (1904), etc.
Greendrag-on, Mrs. A character in
' Belles without Beaux' {q.v.).
Greene, Clay M. American dramatic
writer ; author of the following, and other,
pieces : — ' Africa,' ' The Blackberry Farm,'
• Carl's Folly,' ' Chispa,' ' Christmas Tiding,'
' The Deadwood Stage,' ' Divorced by Tele-
graph,' 'Forgiven,' 'For Her Dear Sake.'
' For Money,' ' Freaks of Fortune,' ' The
Golden Giant,' ' The Great Trunk Mystery,'
' Hans the Boatman ' {q.v.), ' The Last Days
of Pompeii,' 'The Little Conspirator,'
'Little Boy Blue,' 'The Little Trooper.'
'The Maid of Plymouth' (libretto), 'The
Man from the West,' 'M'Liss,' 'A Musical
Discord,' ' On Broadway,' ' Our Jennie,'
' The Regatta Girl,' ' Sybil,' ' A Wandering
Minstrel ; ' part-author of ' Bluebeard,
Junior,' 'The New South,' 'Pawn-ticket
210,' ' Sharps and Flats,' ' Wang.'
Greene, Evie. Actress and vocalist ;
has been seen in London as Prince Carlo
in 'L' Amour MouiU6' (Lyric Theatre, 1899),
Dolores in ' Floradora' (Lyric, 1900), the title
character in 'Kitty Grey' (Apollo, 1901),
Nan in ' A Country Girl' (Daly's, 1902), and
Madame Sans-GSne in 'The Duchess of
Dantzic ' (Lyric, 1903).
2 K
GREENE
610
GREET
Greene, G-ibson. A witty, good-
natured man of the world, in ByKO>'s
Married in Haste' (q.v.).
Greene, Robert. Dramatist, novelist,
and poet, born at Norwich cii-ca 1560, died
1592 ; entered St. John's College, Cambridge,
as a sizar in 1575 ; took his B.A. degree in
1578-9, his M.A. degree in 1583. Between
the two last-named dates he travelled on
the Continent and engaged in literary work
in London. In 1585-6 he married. On his
own showing he led a life of low debauchery,
of which, however, he repented. His plays
(g.u.) were printed posthumously as follows :
-' The Historic of Orlando Furioso ' (1594),
' A Looking Glass for London and England '
(1594), ' The Honourable Historie of Frier
Bacon and Frier Bungay ' (1594), ' The Scot-
tish Historie of James the Fourth' (1598),
and 'The Comicall Historie of Alphonsus,
King of Aragon' (1599). The following
plays also are ascribed to him : — ' The First |
Part of the Tragicall Raigne of Selinius ' ,
(1594), and ' A Pleasant Conceyted Comedie 1
of George-a-Greene, the Pinner of Wake- i
tield ' (licensed 1595). See Greene's autobio- '
graphical • Groat's Worth of Wit ' (1592),
Meres' ' Palladis Tamia' (1598), Cooper's
' Athense Cantabrigienses,' and Simpson's
' School of Shakespeare ; ' W. Bernhardi's
' Leben uud Schriften ' of Greene ; also the
editions of the ' Plays and Poem.s,' with
memoir, by A. Dyce (lb31), and of the ' Com-
plete Works ' (with memoir from the Russian
of Storojenko), by Dr. A. B. Grosart (1881-6).
"In Greene's plays," says J. Addington
Symonds, "we can always trace the liand
of the novelist. He did not aim at unity
of plot, or at tirm definition of character.
Yet he manages to sustain attention by his
power of telling a story, inventing an in-
exhaustible variety of motives, combining
several threads of interest with facility, and
so arranging his incongruous materials as to
produce a pleasing general effect. He has
the merit of simplicity in details, and avoids
the pompous circumlocution in vogue among
contemporary authors. His main stylistic
defect is the employment of cheap Latin
mythology in and out of season. But his
scenes abound in vivid incidents, which
divert criticism from the threadbare thin-
ness of the main conception. . . . Greene's
plays, intermediate between comedy, tra-
gedy, and history, illustrate a step in the
development of the Romantic Drama, which
had been taken before Shakspere set his
own final seal upon that form of art"
(' Shakspere's Predecessors in the English
^rama ').
Greeng-aby, Narcissus. A young
squire in C J. Ribton Turners 'Hand-
some is that Handsome does ' (q.v.).
Greengroose, Georg-e, figures in Beau-
MO.NT andFLETCHER.s ' Knight of the Burn-
ing Pestle' iq.v.).
Greenheart. A character in Hazle-
woor/s ' Goody Goose ' (q.v.).
O-reenlanes, Henry, in Albert's
'Pink Dominos' (q.v.).
Greenleaf, Adam, in Brolgham's
' While there's Life there's Hope ' (q.v.).
Greenleaf the Graceful; or, Th.e
Palace of Venereance. A burlesque bv
W. R. OsMAN, Royalty Theatre, London,
February 26, 1872.
Greenwich Park. A comedv bv
William Mou.ntfort, acted at the Theatre
Royal in 1691, with Leigh as Sir Thijnin.<
Reveller, Mountfort as young Reveller (\'.\<
son), Nokes as Raison, Underbill as ,SV/-.
safras, Mrs. Knight as Mrs. Raison, Mis.
Barry as Dorinda, Mrs. Mountfort as
Florella, etc. Raison and Sassafras are
drunken companions of Sir Thomas, il/r.v.
Raison, Dorinda, and Florella are all in
love with young Reveller, who ends by marry-
ing the last-named.
Greenwich Pensioner (The). A
comic drama in two acts, by C. S. Cui;i.;-
.NAM, Adelphi Theatre, London, July lii,
1869,
Greenwit. A character in Middle-
to.n'.s ' Roaring Girl ' (q.v.).
Greenwood, in Dodsley's 'Sir .John
Cockle at Court,' is attached to Miss Kitty.
Greenwood, Thomas. Scenic artist ;
most notable for his work at the Olympic
Theatre, London, where he painted the
scenery for .<?uch productions as ' Tom and
Jerry' and ' Don Giovanni in London ' (1S27).
(ireenwood's father, a still more distin- i
guished scene-painter, was long connected
with Drury Lane, and his "gay designs"
are referred to by Byron in ' English Bards
and Scotch Reviewers.*
Greenwood, Thomas Longrdon.
Theatrical manager and dramatic writer,
born 1806, died 1879 ; son of Thomas Green-
wood (q.v.), and by profession a chemist;
was lessee of Sadler's Wells Theatre from
1842 to 1844, and, with Samuel Phelps, Mrs.
Warner, and her husband, from 1844 to
1860 ; he was afterwards connected with the
management of Astley's and the Princess's.
He was the author of 'Is it the King?'
(1861), 'Paul the Pilot,' 'Jack Sheppard,'
various pantomimes, and other stage pieces.
He and E. L. Blanchard were ' The Brothers
Grinn' (q.v.). See 'The Era' for May 18,
1879, and M. Williams's ' Some London The-
atres ' (1SS3).
Greet, Mrs. "William. Dramatic
writer ; author of ' Jackson's Boy ' (1891).
*A Folded Page' (1S91), *A Real Prince'
(1894).
Greet, Philip Ben. Actor and theatri-
cal manager ; made his debut in the former
capacity In 1S79. In 1883 he was the first
English representative in the country and
in London of Dudley Harcourt in ' My Sweet-
heart'(5. v.). Since then he has been seen
in London as Master V/oodford in ' Yorick's
Love' (1884), Dr. Pettyivise in 'Jim the
Penman ' (1886), Joe Jefcoat in ' Hard Hit'
(1887), Captain Bill in • Her Own Witness'
(18S9), Maris in 'A Buried Talent' (1890),
GREGORY
611
GREY
Archibald in ' Lady Browne's Diary ' (1S92).
and Romney in 'Nelson's Enchantress'
(1897) ; also as De Berinfjhen in ' Richelieu '
(Lyceum, 1884), the Apothecary in ' Romeo
and Juliet' (Lyceum, 1S84), Mungo Small
in ' The King of the Commons ' (1886), and
Polonius (Olympic, 1897). In 1886 he gave
the first of a series of annual performances
of drama in the open air, called ' Pastoral
Plays.' He has also, of late years, been the
director of many travelling' companies of
players both in the United Kingdom and in
America.
Gregory. (1) The "Mock Doctor" in
Fielding's farce iq.v.). (2) The Yorkshire
groom in Reece's ' Guv'nor' {q.v.).
Greg-ory, Barnard. Journalist and
amateur actor, born 1796, died 1852 ; essayed
to play Hamlet at Covent Garden in 1843
and at the Haymarket in 1846, but, on
account of the libellous nature of his news-
paper, ' The vSatirist,' was refused a hearing.
He was received less roughly in 1846 at
the Victoria and Strand Theatres. Dutton
Gook saw him play Sir Edward Mortimer in
' The Iron Chest ' at the St. James's. See
the ' Theatre ' magazine for September, 1878.
Greg-ory, Lady. See Stirling, Mrs.
Greg-ory, Lady. See Twe.nty-five.
Grein, J. T. Dramatic author and
theatrical critic ; born 1862 ; lias (alone or
in collaboration) written, adapted, or trans-
lateel the following pieces, all produced
in London, and all of which see : — ' A
Man's Love ' (1889), ' Spring Leaves '
(1891), ♦ Reparation ' (1892), ' Make-Beliefs '
(1892), ' The Compromising Coat ' (1892),
' Blanchette ' (1S98), ' The Lion-Hunters '
(1901'), 'A Happy Nook' (1901), 'Fiamma'
(1903), 'The Mouse' (1903). In 1891 he
founded the Independent Theatre Society
iq.v.), of which he remained sole or co-
«lirector until 1895. Since then he has
initiated more than one enterprise for intro-
ducing the Continental drama to the English
}>ublic. He has also adapted many modern
English plays to the Dutch stage. In 1900
he founded "the German Theatre" in
London. Since 1897 he has been the dra-
matic critic .successively of the London
' Sunday Special ' and ' Sunday Times and
Special,' having previously contributed
theatrical notices to many London and
foreign periodicals. He has published
'Premieres of the Year' (1900), and, since
189 >, several volumes of collected 'Dra-
matic Criticism.'
Grelley's Money. A play in four
acts, by Eric Ross, Prince of Wales's
Theatre, Salford, October 30, 1SS2 ; ?.Iary-
lebone Theatre, London, August 1, 1887.
Gretchen, the wife of Rip, figures in
all dramatizations of the story of Rip Van
Winkle, and in Planquette's opera on that
subject iq.v.).
Gretclien. A drama in four acts, by
W. S. Gilbert {q.v.), based on the Faust-
and-Marguerite story, and first performed
at the Olympic Theatre, London, on March,
24, 1879, with Miss Marion Terry as Gretchen,
Mrs. Bernard Beere as Lisa, Miss Brennan
as Martha, F. Archer as Mephisto, H. B.
Conway as Faust us, J. Billington as Gott-
fried, and .J. Vollaire as Anselm.
Gretna Green. (1) A musical farce in
two acts, words by Charles Stuart and
J. O'Kkefe, music by Samuel Arnold, per-
formed at the Haymarket Theatre in 1783,
with Bannister and his wife as Captain
Gorget and iLaria Pedigree. (2) A farce
produced originally at the Lyceum, and
revived at Covent Garden in 1827, with Miss
Kelly as Betty Finnikin, Wrench as Jenkins,
Power as Larder, and Duruset as Lord Love-
u-ell. (3) A comedy-opera in three acts,
written by J. Murray Ford, composed by
Dr. J. Storer, first performed at the Comedy
Theatre on the afternoon of December 4,
1889 ; revived at the Op^ra Comique on May
22, 1890.
Greville, Eden. Dramatic writer;
author of ' Shakespeare ' (1891), ' He loves
me, loves me not' (1891), 'The Prophet'
(1893).
Greville, Fulke. First Lord Brooke,
born 1554, died 1628 ; poet and dramatist ;
author of ' The Tragedy of Mustapha' {q.v.),
printed in 1609, and of 'The Tragedie of
Alaham' {q.v.), printed among his ' Works'
in 1633. The ' Works ' also included the
' Mustapha,' much revised. Greville ex-
plains, in his ' Life of Sir Philip Sidney,'
that he did not write his tragedies for re-
presentation. See the edition of the ' Works '
produced by Dr. A. B. Grosart in 1870 ;
also Langbaine's 'Dramatic Poets,' Phil-
lips's 'Theatrum Poetarum,' Walpole's
'Royal and Noble Authors,' and Lamb's
' Specimens of the Dramatic Poets.'
Greville, Lady [Violet]. Dramatic
and miscellaneous writer ; author of * Old
Friends ' (1890), ' The Baby ' (1890), ' Nadia '
(1892), 'An Aristocratic Alliance,' adaptation
(1894).
Grey, Sylvia. Actress and dancer ;
began her career as a performer of juvenile
rules, and later, after some provincial ex-
perience in comic opera, appeared succes-
sively iu burlesque at the Royalty and in
the " legitimate " at Sadler's Wells. Some
comedy work in the country preceded her
long engagement at the London Gaiety,
where she first figured in August, 1885,
in 'The Vicar of Wideavv^akefield ' {q.v.).
After this came her Polly Stanmore in
' Little Jack Sheppard ' (1885), Victorine in
'Monte Cristo, Jun.' (1886), Tamburina
in ' Frankenstein ' (1887), Donna Christina
in ' Ruy Bias and the Blase Roue ' (1889),
Linconzina in ' Cinder-Ellen up too Late '
(1891), Flo Fanshawe in 'In Town' (1892),
and Dowiui Julia in 'Don Juan' (1893).
Miss Grey was also in the first casts of
' Pedigree ' at Toole's, ' The Gavotte ' at
Stein way Hall, and ' Cerise and Co.' at the
Prince of AVales's in 1S90 ; and in that of
' Zephyr ' at the Avenue in 1891.
GREY
612
GRIFFINHOOF
G-rey. (1) Lady Constance de Grey
figures in 'The Field of the Cloth of Gold'
(q.v.). (2) Lady Jane Grey is the heroine of
Banks's 'Innocent Usurper' (q.v.), 'Earl's
Revenge' (q.v.), Buchanan's 'Nine Days'
Queen' (q.v.) and Hamilton's 'Shadow
Sceptre' (q.v.). (3) Sir Valentine de Grey
is in Knowles'S ' Woman's Wit ' (q.v.).
Grey Doublet (The). A burletta in
one act, by Mark Lemon (q.v.), first per-
formed at the English Opera House, Lon-
don, in August, 1833, with Baker as Kiny
Charles II.
Grey Mare (The). A farcical comedy
in three acts, by GEORGE R. Sims and Cecil
Raleigh, founded partly on Roderick
Benedix's comedy 'Das Lugen,' and first
performed at the Comedy Theatre, London,
January 23, 1892, with C. Hawtrey as John
Maxwell, and other parts by Eric Lewis,
C. Brookfield, W. Wyes, Miss Adrienne
Dairolles, Miss Annie Irish, and Miss Lottie
Venne ; produced at the Lyceum, New
York, April 25, 1892.
Grey Parrot (The). A comedietta by
W. W. Jacobs and Charles Rock, Strand
Theatre, London, November 6, 1899.
Greymare, Q,ueen, figures in Bel-
lingham's 'Bluebeard Re-Paired' (q.v.).
Greythorne, Charles, and Mrs., are
characters in ' Fink Dominos ' (q.v.).
Grichard. The " Grumbler " in Sed-
LEY's comedy so named (q.v.).
Grierson, Jane. The "Orange Girl"
in Leslie and RowE's drama of that name
(q.v.).
Grierson' s Way. A play in four acts,
by H. V. Esmond, first performed at the
Haymarket Theatre, February 7, 1899, with
G. S. Titheradge as Georye Grierson, Miss
Lena Ash well as Pamela Ball, J. H. Barnes
as her father (Captain Ball), Miss Pattie
Bell as her aunt (Anne Ball), Fred Terry as
Captain Murray, and H. V. Esmond as
Philip Keen. Pamela has been seduced by
Murray ; she is beloved by Grierson, whose
"way" of getting her out of her trouble
is to marry her (nominally) and father her
child. Afterwards, in the hope that she
and Mun-ay msLV come together again, he
commits suicide.
"Grieve not, fond man, nor let
one tear." First line of a song in Goffe's
' Careless Shepherdess' (q.v.)—
" Love forces love, as flames expire
If not increased by gentle fire."
Grieve, John Henderson. Scene-
painter, born 1770, died 1845 ; had two sons,
Thomas and William Grieve, also scene-
painters. Thomas, born 1799, died 1SS2,
tjecame in 1889 principal scenic artist at
Covent Garden, from which he migrated in
1844 to Drury Lane. He was for a long
time assisted by his son, Thomas Walford
Grieve (\iOTu. 1841). William Grieve, born
1800, died 1844, was employed as scene-
painter at Drury Lane and His Majesty's.
" His moonlight scenes," says Lionel Cust,
"were especially notable." See the 'Dic-
tionary of National Biography,' and the
' Era,' April 22, 1832.
Grieving-' s a Folly. A comedy in five
acts, by Richard Leigh, produced at the
Lyceum Theatre, London, in April, 1809, with
a cast including Dowton, De Camp, Ban-
nister, Johnstone, H. Siddons. Mathews,
Powell, Mrs. H. Siddons, Mrs. Powell, etc.
The author presented this piece to the actors,
who had been thrown out of work by the
destruction of Drury Lane Theatre.
Grif. A novel by B. L. Farjeon, pub-
lislied in 1870 ; the basis of two dramas—
(1) by Frank Towers, Theatre Royal,
South Shields, April 9, 1877 ; (2) by W.
Lestocq, Surrey Theatre, London, Octo-
ber 5, 1891 ; first performed in America at
Philadelphia in October, 1892.
GriflBxi, Benjamin. Actor and play-
wright, born at Yarmouth, 1680, died 1740 ;
was the son of a clergyman, and apprenticed
to a glazier. In 1712, however, he joined
some strolling players, and within two years
found himself a member of the company
with which Rich opened a theatre in
Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1714. With that
he remained connected till 1721, when
he went to Drury Lane, where he was
employed till 1740. He was the original
representative of Simon Pure in ' A Bold
Stroke for a Wife,' of Loveyold in 'The
Miser,' and of other characters less note-
worthy. Among his other roles were
Polonius, Shylock, Sir Hugh Evans, Justice
Silence, Calianax in 'The Maid's Tragedy,'
Sir Politick Would-be in ' Volpone,' Tribula-
tion in 'The Alchemist,' Scrub, Barnaby
Brittle, Fondlewife, and Sir Paul Plyani.
He adapted Massinger's ' Virgin Martyr '
under the title of ' Injured Virtue,' and
himself played Sapritius therein. He
was also the author of ' Love in a Sack '
(1715), ' The Humours of Purgatory ' (1716),
and ' Whig and Tory ' (1720), in which he
was the original performer of Sir Arthur
Addlepate, Don Lopez, and Sir John Indolent
respectively. See Victor's ' History of the
Theatres of London,' Davies' 'Dramatic
Miscellanies,' the ' Biographia Dramatica,'
and Genest's ' English .Stage.'
G-riflBjQ, Gerald. Novelist and drama-
tist, born 1803, died 1340 ; author of
' Gisippus ' (q. v.), a tragedy produced in 1842,
and included in Gritfin's 'Poetical and
Dramatic Works ' (1857 and 1359). See the
memoir by his brother, prefixed to an
edition of his novels and poems (1842-3);
also T. Davis's ' Prose Writings ' (1899). See
Colleen Bawn.
GriflBjn, Sir Temple, figures in
Stephens and Solomon's ' Lord Bateman '
(q.v.).
G-riffinhoof, Arthur. The nom de
guerre under which GEORGE COLMAN, jun.,
produced four of his dramatic pieces ;
namely, ' The Battle of Hexham,' ' The
GRIFFITH GAUNT
613
GRIMALDI
Review,' ' Gay Deceivers,' and ' Love laughs
at Locksmiths,' all of which see.
Griffith. Gaunt. (1) A drama adapted
by AUGUSTIN Daly from the novel by
Charles Reade, and produced at the New
York Theatre, N.Y., on November 7, 1866,
with Miss Rose Eytinge as Eatherine Peyton,
John K. Mortimer in the title part, Mark
Smith as the Chief Justice, G. W. Jamieson
as Brother Leonard, Mrs. Gomersall as
Mercy Vint, and Mrs Wilkins as Caroline
Ryder. "Daly wrote the play in four
days ; it held the stage for six weeks." It
was revived, for a benefit, at the Theatre
Frangais, New York, in April 14, 1869,
with D. H. Harkins as Griffith Gaunt.
(2) A drama, in prologue and four acts,
based by Charles Reade upon his own
story, and first performed at Newcastle-on-
Tyne in 1868, with Henry Sinclair as Gaunt,
George Rignold as Tom Leicester, and Miss
Avonia Jones as Katherine ; at Leicester
in October, 1871, with G. F. Leicester as
Gaunt, Miss Berenger as Katherine, W. Elton
as Tom Leicester, E. N. Hallows as Leonard,
Miss B. Edwards as Caroline, and Miss Em-
merson as Rose Gaunt. The piece was pro-
duced, under the title of ' Kate Peyton's
Lovers' (q-v.), at the Queen's Theatre, Lon-
don, in December, 1873.
Griffith, Mrs. Elizabeth. Dramatic
and miscellaneous writer, born in Gla-
morganshire, 1720 (?), died 1793; wife of
Richard Griffith (q.v.), was in early life an
actress, and appeared in Dublin and at
Covent Garden (1753-4). She was the
author of two plays— 'A Double Mistake'
and 'A Wife in the Right '—produced at
Covent Garden in 1766 and 1772 respectively ;
also of the following dramatic adaptations :
' The Platonic Wife,' ' The School for Rakes,'
and 'The Times,' all of which see. She
translated into English Beaumarchais'
• Barber of Seville ' (1776), and wrote a volume
on ' The Morality of Shakespeare's Drama '
(1775). See Garrick's Correspondence, the
'Biographia Dramatica' (1812), Victor's
' History of the Theatres of London ' (1761-
71), Genest's ' English Stage ' (1832).
Griffith, Richard. Died 1788 ; author
of a play called ' Variety ' (q.v.), produced
at Drury Lane in 1782.
Grig-gr. The bridegroom in Collet's
' Beggar's Wedding.'— Pe^cr and Dolly Grigg
are characters in Buiinand and Sullivan's
• Chieftain ' (q.v.).
Grig-gs, Mr. The hero of Morton's
♦Ticklish Times' {q.v.).
Grig-non, Gustave de. A character
in 'The Ladies' Battle' {q.v.).
Grille, Die. See Fanchette.
Grim Gohlin. A pantomime by H.
Spry and G. Conquest, first performed at
the Grecian Theatre, London, December 23,
1876.
Grim Griffin Hotel (The). A farce
by John Oxenford and Prof essor Pepper,
first performed at the Holborn Amphi-
theatre, London, May 25, 1867.
Grim, the Collier of Croydon; or.
The Devil and his Dame, with the
Devil and St. Dvmstan. A comedy
by "J. T.," printed in 1662; probably a
modernized version of ' The Devil and his
Dame ' {q.v.).
Grimacier. A French tragedian ; one
of the disguises assumed by Mutable {q.v.)
in 'Cozening' (^.r.).
Grimald, Nicholas. Cleric, poet,
and playwright, born in Huntingdonshire,
1519, died 1562 ; author of a play in Latin
called ' Archipropheta ' {q.v.). Other plays
in Latin — ' Christus Redivivus ' (1543),
' Fama,' ' Troilus ex Chancero ' — have been
ascribed to him, the two last-named being
mentioned by Bale.
Grimaldi. A tragedy in five acts, in
prose and verse, by William Bailey,
printed in 1822. — ' Grimaldi ; or, The Life
of an Actress : ' a drama in five acts, by
Dion Boucicault {q.v.) ; performed at
New Orleans, U.S.A., in 1855 ; at the
Adelphi Theatre, London, March 1, 1862, as
' The Life of an Actress.' See Debutante,
The ; First Night, The ; and Life of an
ACTRESS.
Grimaldi, Guiseppe. Dancer and
pantomimist, born 1713, died 1788 ; after per-
forming at fairs in Italy and France, came to
England, and was for a time employed in
the ballet at the King's Theatre, Haymarket.
In 1758 he began at Drury Lane Theatre an
engagement which lasted for thirty years,
during which he was seen as clown, harle-
quin, pantaloon, etc. In the summer
months, up to 1767, he appeared in the
pantomimes at Sadler's Wells, to whose
audiences he afterwards introduced his
famous son Joseph {q.v.).
Grimaldi, Joseph. Actor, vocalist,
and pantomimist, born December IS, 1778,
died May 31, 1837 ; son of Guiseppe Gri-
maldi {q.v.) ; made his professional debut at
Sadler's Wells Theatre on April 16, 1781, as
a juvenile dancer. In the following year he
figured at Drury Lane in 'The Triumph
of Mirth.' In 1798 at the Wells he was first
announced as "Mr." Grimaldi. His first
appearance at Covent Garden was made in
October, 1806, as Orson in T. Dibdin's
* Valentine and Orson,' and in the following
December at the same theatre he was the
clown in ' Mother Goose.' From this time
onwards he divided his time between Covent
Garden and the Wells, of which, in 1828, he
became part-proprietor. It was at the
Wells, in 1819, and in the pantomime of
'The Talking Bird,' that he first sang
Whitaker's famous song, 'Hot Codlins.'
In 1^22 he ceased to appear at Covent Gar-
den, and thereafter he confined his energies
to the Wells, of which he was latterly
assistant-manager. On March 28, 1828, lie
bade farewell to Islington audience.s m the
character of Hock in ' The Sixties ; ' a further
•benefit' being accorded to him at Covenc
GRIMALDI
614
GRIXGOIRE
Garden on June 27, 1828, which was the
occasion of his last appearance. "Rising
from small beginnings, he, by his industry,
perseverance, and attention to his pro-
fessional duties, reached a supremacy, in
his own peculiar line, which old playgoers
assert to have never since been equalled or
even approached. Grimaldi, we have been
assured, was no mere clown ; he was a great
comedian born, and in this lay the secret of
his superiority over all his rivals" (M.
Williams). Dutton Cook says: "'It was
Grimaldi, 'the Garrick of clowns,' as Theo-
dore Hook called him, who in great part
devised the eccentric attire still worn by
our clowns— a sort of blending of the
costumes of the French Pierrot and the Old
English jester ; the floured face and the
white dress of Pierrot being treated as a
groundwork upon which to paint variegated
spots, stars, and patches ; Avhile to Gri-
maldi is due nearly all the * comic business '
of modern harlequinade. Grimaldi as clown
.seems sometimes to have assumed a mask —
that peculiar property of the harlequin "
(the Theatre, for January, ISsl). Godfrey
Turner has a reference to the clown-work of
Grimaldi, "whose utterances," he says, "few
and far between, never failed to provoke
laughter, and whose habitual silence
heightened the effect of his songs." " The
general droll, the grimacing, filching, irre-
sistible clown," says Dickens, "left the
stage with Grimaldi." See the ' Memoirs ' of
Grimaldi, as edited by "Boz," and pub-
lished in 1S3S. See also his ' Life ' by H. D.
Miles, issued in the same year ; Williams's
' Some London Theatres ; ' and the Theatre
magazine for January, 1883, and April, 1884.
Grimaldi, Joseph. Samuel Wil-
liam. Pantomimist, born 1802, died 1832 ;
son of Joseph Grimaldi (g.r.); made his first
appearance at Sadler's Wells Theatre, in
1814, as Man Friday to his father's Crusoe
in a pantomime version of Defoe's story.
In the following year he was at Covent
Garden, playing Chittique, "a little-footed
Chinese Empress with a big body," after-
wards Clowny-chip in the pantomime of
' Harlequin and Fortunio.' He also figured
as Adonis Fribble in ' Harlequin and Friar
Bacon.' He was first seen as clown in
1823. "During some years," says Dutton
Cook, " the father and son played together
in various pantomimes. But it soon became
apparent that young Joe had entered upon
desperately vicious courses. It was sup-
posed that in some drunken brawl he had
received a severe blow on the head from a
constable's stafif, and that he had never
really recovered from the effects of the
wound. ... As a pantomimist he was most
ingenious and accomplished, and his clown
Avas received with extraordinary applause.
But his dissolute habits led to his forfeiting
engagement after engagement." He is said
to have died in a public-house during an
attack of dementia. See the Theatre maga-
zine for January, 1883.
Grim.alkin ; or, A "Wom.an changed
into a Cat. A " metaraorphosiological
.sketch " by G. H. Rod well, first performed
at the Adelphi Theatre, London, November,
1827.
Grimalkin the Great ; or, Harle-
quin Puss in Boots and the Miller's
Sons. A pantomime by E. L. Bl.vnchard,
Drury Lane Theatre, London, December 26,
1868, with Miss H. Coveney and Miss K.
Harfleur in the cast.
Grime, in Holcroft'.s 'Deserted Daugh-
ter' iq.v.), is the partner of Item, the
usurer.
Grimes. The "Man with the Carpet
Bag" in G. Abbott a Beckett's farce of
that name (q.v.).
Grimshaw, Bagshaw, and Brad-
shaw. A farce in one act, by J. Maddison
MORTO.N, first performed at the Haymarket,
July 1, 1S51, with J. B. Buckstone,'H. Bed-
ford, and A. Brindal in the title parts, and
Selby, Mrs. Buckingham, and Miss Vining
in the other roles.
Grimstone Grange. A vaudeville,
words by Gilbert and Arthur 1 Becketi'.
music by King Hall ; first performed at St.
George's Hall, London, in 1879, by a coni-
panv including Mrs. German Reed (Miss
P. Horton), Alfred G. Reed, Alfred Bisho}.,
Corney Grain, and Miss Edith Brandon.
' Grin ' Bushes (The). A travestv bv
H. J. Byron (q.v.) of 'The Green Bushes'
(q.v.), first performed at tlie Strand Theatre,
London, in December, 1864, with Miss
Raynham as Connor, Miss Maria Simpson
as Murtogh, Miss A. Swanborough as
Geraldine, Miss E. Johnstone as Nelly O'Neil,
and J. D. Stoyle as Miami.
Grindoff, the miller in ' The Miller and
his Men' (q.v.), reappears in Byron and
Talfourd's travesty of that piece.
Grindrod, Jahez. A miser in H. J.
Byron's ' An English Gentleman.'
Gringoire. A drama in one act, bv
TH]t:or)()RE DE Banville, first performed
at the Theatre Fran^ais, Paris, in June, 1866,
with Coquelin in the title part, and :Mdrae.
Lafontaine as the heroine. The play has
been several times adapted to the Engli.sh
stage under its original title : — (1) by W. G.
Wills, fir.st performed at the Prince's The-
atre, London, June 22, 1885, with Norman
Forbes as Gringoire, R. Mansfield as Louis
XI., and Miss Dorothy Dene as Loyse ; re-
vived at the Globe Theatre, January, 1891,
with Norman Forbes as before, Ian Robert-
son as Louis XI., F. H. De Lange as Olivier,
and Miss Mary Ansell as Loyse; (2) by
Elizabeth Bessle and Sidney Herbert
Basing, Park Town Hall, Battersea, Lon-
don, February 4, 1890 ; and (3) by B. C.
Stephenson, Haymarket Theatre, June 26.
1899, with Alan MacKinnon in the title
part, Charles Allan as Louis XI., and Miss
Lily Hanbury as Loyse. See, also, B.\llad-
Monger, The; King's Pleasure, The;
and Pity. The role of Gringoire has been
played in America by Laurence Barrett and
GRINGOIRE
GROSSMITH
Nat Goodwin, jun. Coquelin played it in
London in 1887 and 1SS9.
Gring-oire, Pierre, figures in the
various dramatizations and burlesques of
' Xotre Dame' (q.v.).
Grrinn, The Brothers. The nom-de-
guerre used by E. L. Blanchakd and T. L.
Greenwood, when collaborating in the
writing of pantomimes, e.g. ' Beauty and
the Beast ' at the Princess'!?, Loudon, in
1874-5, 'Sindbad the Sailor' at the Crystal
Palace in 187(5-7, and 'Aladdin' at the
Aquarium in 1878-9.
Grinnidg-e, Master. A showman in
Buckstone's ' Green Bushes ' (q.v.).
Griolet. The drummer in ' La Fille du
Tambour Major' (q.v.).
Grip. A drama, Tyne Theatre, Xewcastle-
on-Tyne, April 3, 1871.
Grip of Iron (The). A play by Ar-
THi-R .SHIRLEY, adapted from ' Les Etran-
gleurs de Paris' of Adolphe Belot (Porte
St. :Martin, March, 1880), and first per-
formed at the Surrey Theatre, London,
October 17, 1887 ; revived at the Princess's
Theatre, London, June, 1S96.
Grip of Steel (The). A melodrama
in four acts, by Arthur Shireey and Ben-
jamin Landeck, first acted under this title
at the Columbia Theatre. Boston, Mass.,
September 5, 1898 ; at the Star Theatre, New
York, November, 189S ; originally produced
at the Surrey Theatre, London, December
19, 1892, as ' A King of Crime.'
Gripe. (1) Father to Leander and Clara
in Otway's 'Cheats of Scapin ' {q.v.). (2)
An alderman, "seemingly precise, but a
covetous, lecherous old usurer of the City,"
in Wyciierley's 'Love in a Wood' {q.v.).
(3) Husband of Clarissa in Vanbrugh's
'Confederacy' {q.v.). (4) A character in
' The Cornisli Comedy ' (q.v.). (5) A charac-
ter in 'The Two Misers' {q.v.).— Sir Francis
Gripe, In Mrs. Centlivre's 'Busybody'
(q.v.), is the guardian of Miranda.
Gripus. A judge, uncle of Alcmena, in
Dry'DEN's ' Amphitryon ' {q.v.).
Gripus and Heg-io ; or, The Pas-
sionate Lovers. A pastoral in three
acts, by Robert Baron, " mostly borrowed
from Waller's Poems and Webster's ' Duchess
of Malfy,' " and printed in 1(547.
Grisbonlle. The taciturn servant in
Tom Taylor's ' Plot and Passion ' {q.v.).
Griselda. (1) An operetta produced at
the Adelphi Theatre, London, in 1850-52,
with Miss Fitzwilliam. (2) A drama, in
four acts and blank verse, by M. E. Brad-
DON {q-v.), founded on the story told by
Boccaccio, and first performed at the Prin-
cess's Theatre, London, on November 13,
1873, with Mrs. Rousby in ithe title part,
her husband as Cosmo, and W. Rignold as
Gnaltiero. Dutton Cook wrote of the play :
"There is great lack of incident and move-
ment, and the fable is set forth with inferior
skill. 'Griselda' contains many forcible
Imes, although rhythm is too often secured
by resorting to diffuseness " (' Nights at the
Play'). See Woman's Love and Patient
Grizzel.
Griskinissa. Wife of A rtaxaminous in
* Bumbastes Furioso ' {q.v.).
Grist, ■William. Dramatic writer,
born 1840; died November, 1896. Author
of the libretti of 'The Impresario' (1877)
' Fadette ' (188S), ' Ruy Bias ' (1886).
Grist to the Mill. A comic drama in
two acts, by J. R. Planchi?; {q.v.), first per-
formed at the Havmarket Theatre on Feb-
ruary 22, 1844, with C. J. Mathews as the
Marquis de Richecille, Mdme. Yestris as
Francine, and other parts by H. HoU, H.
Howe, Strickland, and Mrs. W. Clifford ;
revived at the Lyceum Theatre, London, in
October, 1860.
Grizzle, Lord, in Fielding's 'Tom
Thumb ' {q.v.), is in love with Huncamnnca.
—A Humphrey Grizzle figures in Prince
lIOARE's ' The Three and the Deuce' {q.v.).
Grobe Hemd (Das). See Rich Man's
Son, a.
Groom, Squire, in Macklin's 'Love
a la Mode' is " a stable-bred gentleman-
iockey," who desires to marry a heiress
{Charlotte Goodchild).
Grossmith, George. Dramatic and
miscellaneous writer ; died 1880 ; author of
' No Thoroughfare,' a burlesque (1869).
Grossmith, George. Yocalist, actor,
dramatic writer, and musician ; born 1847 ;
son of the above ; began his career as an
entertainer, making his debut in that cha-
racter at the London Polytechnic in 1869.
In 1877 he was invited to join the company
at the Opera Comique, London, where
he was the original John Wellinyton Wells
in Gilbert and Sullivan's 'Sorcerer' {q.v.).
He was afterwards, at the same theatre,
the first representative of Sir Joseph
Porter in 'H.]M.S. Pinafore' (1878), of (in
London) Major-General Stanley in * The
Pirates of Penzance ' (ISSO), and of Reginald
Bunthorne in ' Patience ' (1881). At the
Savoy Theatre he "created" the Lord
Chancellor in ' lolanthe ' (1882), King Gama
in ' Princess Ida ' (1884), Ko-Ko in ' The
Mikado ' (1885), Robin Oakajyple in ' Ruddi-
gore' (1887), Jack Point in 'The Yeomen of
the Guard' (1888). Leaving the Savoy in
August, 1889, he resumed his career as an
entertainer, returning to the London stage
in 1894, to be the original Governor Griff en-
/eld in Gilbert and Carr's ' His Excellency '
{q.v.) at the Lyric. In 1898 he figured at
the Royalty as Scoo7ies in Ellis and Rubens'
'Young Mr. Yarde' {q.v.), and in 1900 he
was Lambert Simnel in his son's burlesque,
'The Gay Pretenders' {q.v.), at the Globe.
George Grossmith is the author of 'Cups
and Saucers ' adaptation (1878), of ' The Real
Case of Hide and Seekyll' (1888), (with
Arthur Law) of 'Mr. Guffin's Elopement'
(1882), and (with A. R. Rogers) of '"Two"
GROSSMITH
616
GRUDGE
Much Alike ' (1S70) ; he also composed the
music for ' Cups and Saucers,' ' The Great
Taykin ' (1SS5), and ' Haste to the Wedding '
(1892). See his autobiographical sketch,
• A Society Clown ' (1888).
Grossmitli, Qeorg-e, jun. Actor,
vocalist, and dramatic writer ; son of the
above ; figured at the Criterion Theatre,
London, in 1892, as Cousin Foodie in ' Haste
to the Wedding ' {q.v.). He has since been
in the first casts of ' The Shop Girl ' (1894),
' The Vagabond King' (1897), ' Great Caesar '
(1899), ' The Gay Pretenders ' (1900), ' The
Toreador ' (1901), ' The Linkman ' (1908). and
• The Orchid ' (1904). He is the authoi of ' The
Gay Pretenders,' ' The Linkman,' ' Gulliver's
Travels ' (1901), and ' The Love Birds' (1904),
and part author of ' Great C£esar' {,q.v.).
G-rossmith, Weedon. Actor and
dramatic writer ; made liis stage dihut at
Liverpool as Specklebicry in 'Time will Tell,'
and as member of a company which Miss
Rosina Yokes (Mrs. Cecil Clay) was taking
to America. With Miss Yokes he remained
for two years, playing a variety of parts.
His first appearance in London was made
at the Gaiety in September, 1887, as the hero
in ' Woodcock's Little Game ' (^.r.). He was
next engaged at the Lyceum in 1SS8, as
Jacques Stroj) in ' Robert :Macaire,' and in
the same year was seen at the Globe as
Howard Algernon Briggs in 'Prince Karl'
(g.f.). Since then he has figured in the
original casts of the following pieces ;
' Wealth ' (1S89), ' Aunt Jack ' (1SS9), ' The
Cabinet Minister ' (Joseph Lebanon, 1890),
'The Yolcano' (1891), 'A Pantomime Re-
hearsal' (Lord Arthur Pomeroy, 1891), 'The
Guardsman' (1892), 'The Amazons' (Lord
Tu-ecimmys (1893), 'The Other Fellow' (1893),
'The New Boy' (Archibald Rennick, 1894),
• The Ladies' Idol ' (1895), ' Poor Mr. Potton '
(1895), ' The Shopwalker ' (1896), ' His Little
Dodge' (1896), 'The MacHaggis ' (1897),
« Belle Belair' (1897), ' Miss Francis of Yale'
(Frank Siayner, 1S97), Jack Sheppard in
Joseph Hatton's drama (1898), 'Young Mr.
Y'arde ' (1898), ' The Ladv of Ostend ' (1899),
and 'The Duke of Killiecrankie' (Mr. Pitt
Welby, 1904). Weedon Goldsmith has also
figured in the first cast of his own plays
(q.v.): 'A Commission' (1891), 'The Night
of The Party ' (1901), and ' The Cure ' (1903).
Grrosvenor, Archibald. The idyllic
poet in Gilbert and Sullivan's 'Patience'
(q.v.).
Grotesque. A character in E. Morris's
'False Colours' (q.x.).
G-rotto on the Stream (Th.e). A
drama in two acts, by Edward Stirling
(q.v.), printed in Dicks's ' British Drama.'
Grove, Florence C Dramatic writer ;
author (with Herman Merivale) of ' Forget-
me-not' (1879), 'As in a Looking-Glass,'
adaptation (1887), (with H. Hamilton) 'La
Tosca ' (1889), and ' The Bigot ' (1890).
Grove (The); or, Love's Paradise.
An opera, words by J. Oldmixon, music by
Purcell, performed at Drury Lane in 1700.
Grover, J. Holmes. Dramatic writer ;
author of ' Bombo the Dwarf,' ' Don Paddy
de Bazan,' 'That Rascal Pat,' etc.
Groves, Charles. Actor, bom afc
Limerick, 1843 ; after much experience as
a juvenile performer, made his debut as a
salaried actor at the Theatre Royal, Wor-
cester, in 1S5S. For the next thirteen years
he was employed at various provincial the-
atres, making his first appearance in Lon-
don on December 26, 1871, as Lebeau in ' The-
Lost Letter' and Sister Anne in 'Blue
Beard.' An engagement at the Royalty
followed ; after which he returned to the
country, joining in succession the companies
at the Theatre Royal, Plymouth, and the
Gaiety Theatre, Gla.sgow. During twenty
years he had enacte'd a large variety of
parts in low and eccentric comedy. In
1878 he was again in London, where he has
been the original representative of the
following (and other) characters -.—Chavibo-
ran in ' Over Proof (1S78), Alderman Jones
in ' Crutch and Toothpick ' (1879), Augustus
Smith in 'Balloonacy' (1879), Boulger in
' Put Asunder ' (1883), Christopher Blizzard
in ' Confusion ' (1883), Patruccio Gormani
in 'The Great Pink Pearl' (1885), Dodson
Dick in 'The Silver Shield' (1885), Uncle
Robert in ' Uncles and Aunts ' (1SS8), Captain
Coch ra ne in ' Mamma ' (1888), A ubrey Fitzjohn
in 'The Balloon' (1888), Gregory Goldfinch
in 'A Pair of Spectacles ' (1890), Don Lopez
in 'The Planter' (1891), the title part in
'Uncle John' (1893), John Veale in 'Lady
Bountiful' (189.3), Firkin Potter in 'An
Aristocratic Alliance' (1894), Major Cotton
in 'The Foundling' (1894), Lord Westerby
in ' Secret and Confidential ' (1902), and .S"*?-
John Bellasis in ' The Wisdom of Folly '
(1902). Charles Groves has also been seen
in London as Touchstone (1883), Max Hark-
away in ' London Assurance ' (1890), Sir
Peter Lund in ' A Fool's Paradise ' (1892),
Shattock in ' The HobbyHorse ' (1897), and
Christopher Blossom in 'The Elder Miss
Blossom ' (1898).
Groves of Blarney (The). A drama,
in three acts, by Mrs. S. C. Hall, founded
on a story in her ' Lights and Shadows of
Irish Life,' and first performed at the Adelphi
Theatre, London, on AprU. 16, 1S3S, with
Power as Connor O'Gormon, and other cha-
racters by Y'ates, Saville, Denvil, and Miss
A. Taylor.
Gro-wler. A character in G. A. i
Beckett's ' Diamonds and Hearts.'
Grub. A butterfly fancier in G. S.
Carey's ' Dupes of Fancy ' (q.v.).
Grub Street Opera (The). A musical
piece in three acts, written by Henry Field-
ing (q-v.), and acted at "the Little Theatre in
the Hay-market" in July, 1731, with Miillart
and Mrs. Nokes as Robin and Swectissa, a
pair of young lovers who are parted for a
time by a mischief-maker, but eventually
reconciled.
Grudg-e, Greg-ory. A character in E..
L. Blanchard's ' Artful Dodge ' (q.v.).
GRUEL
617
GUARDIAN OUTWITTED
Gruel. A teacher of oratory in Foote's
' Commissary.'— i)r. Gruel is the father of
Flavia (q.v.) in Bickekstaff'S 'Absent
Man' (q.v.).
Grumbler (The). (1) A comedy in
three acts, adapted by Sir Charles Sedley
from 'Le Grondeur' of Brueys and Pala-
prat, printed in 1702 ; altered and performed
at Drury Lane in April, 1754, with Yates in
the title part. (2) A farce, adapted by
Oliver Goldsmith from ' Le Grondeur,'
and performed at Covent Garden on May 8,
1773.
Grumio. Servant to Petruchio in ' The
Taming of the Shrew ' (q.v.) .
Grundy, Sydney. Dramatic writer,
born 1848 ; author of ' A Little Change '
(1872), 'All at Sea' (1873), 'Reading
for the Bar' (1876), 'Mammon,' adaptation
(1877), 'Man Proposes' (1878), 'The Snow-
ball,' adaptation (1879), 'A Bad Bargain'
(1879), 'After Long Years,' adaptation
(1879), 'In Honour Bound,' adaptation
(1880), the libretto of ' Popsy Wopsy ' (1880),
• Over the Garden Wall ' (1881), ' Dust,'
adaptation (1881), the libretto of ' The Vicar
of Bray' (1882), (with J. Mackay) 'The
Novel-Reader,' adaptation [afterwards ' May
and December'] (1882), ' Rachel,' adaptation
(1883), ' The Queen's Favourite,' adaptation
(1883), • The Glass of Fashion ' (1883), ' Hare
and Hounds' [afterwards 'Merry Margate']
(18S3), • La Cosaque,' adaptation (1884), the
libretto of 'Pocohontas' (18S4), 'The Silver
Shield' (1885), (with Wilson Barrett) ' Clito '
(1886), (with Sutherland Edwards) • A
Wife's Sacrifice ' (1886), (with Henry Pettitt)
• The Bells of Haslemere ' (1887), ' The Ara-
bian Nights,' adaptation (18S7), ' The Mouse-
trap ' [afterwards ' A Fool's Paradise'] (1887),
(with W. G. Wills) 'The Pompadour,' adap-
tation (1888), (with H. Pettitt) ' The Union
Jack' (1888), 'Mamma,' adaptation (1888),
(with F. C. Philips) 'The Dean's Daughter '
(1888), ' A White Lie' (1SS9), ' Esther Sand-
raz,' adaptation (1889), ' Deep Waters '
(1889), 'A Pair of Spectacles,' adaptation
(1890), ' A Village Priest,' adaptation (1890),
' A House of Cards,* adaptation (1891), the
libretto of ' Haddon Hall ' (1892), ' Sowing
the Wind ' (1893), ' An Old Jew ' (1894), ' A
Bunch of Violets' [see 'Mammon'] (1894),
• The New Woman ' (1894), ' Slaves of the
Ring' (1894), 'The Greatest of These '
(1895), ' The Late Mr. Castello ' (1895), ♦ A
Marriage of Convenience,' adaptation (1897),
'The Silver Key.' adaptation (1897), 'The
Musketeers,' adaptation (1898), ' The De-
generates ' (1899), ' The Black Tulip ' adapta-
tion (1899), ' The Head of Romulus ' (1900),
' A Debt of Honour ' (1900), ' Sympathetic
Souls ' (1900), ' Frocks and Frills,' adaptation
(1902).
Guardiano. Uncle of the ward in
Middleton's ' Women beware Women '
(q.v.).
Guardian (The). (1) A " comical his-
tory " by Philip Massinger, performed in
1633, but not printed till 1655. It was acted
at Blackfriars and before the Court. The
title character is one Dwra^^o, guardian to
Caldoro—" a merry old gentleman who does
everything in his power to promote his-
ward's happiness." Caldoro is in love with
Calista, who at first is enamoured of Adorio,
but in the end accepts Caldoro. There is a
sub-plot of which Severino, father of Calista,
and husband of Idlante, is the pivot. (2) A
comedy by Abraham Cowley (q.v.), acted
at Trinity College, Cambridge, in 1641. " As
the Prince [Charles] passed through Cam-
bridge on his way to York, he was enter-
tained," we read, ''with the representation
of the ' Guardian,' which Cowley says was
neither written nor acted, but rough-drawn
by him, and repeated by the scholars"
(Johnson). " This," says Lamb, " was the
first draught of that which he published
afterwards under the title of ' The Cutter of
Coleman Street,' and contains the character
of a foolish poet, omitted in the latter."
The ' Cutter ' was first performed at Lincoln's
Inn Fields in December, 1661, and was there
seen by Pepys. The title part was played
by Underbill, and the cast included Better-
ton as ColonelJolly, Sandford as Worm, Nokes
as Puny, Lovel as Truman, sen., Harris as
Truman, jun., Dacres as Parson Soaker,
Mrs. Betterton as 3frs. Atirelia, Mrs. Gibbs
as ilfrs. Lucia, and Mrs. Long as Jane.
" Cutter in old language means a swaggerer ;
hence the title of this play." "The scene
lies in London in the year 1658, and the
fanatics of the time are ridiculed with a
good deal of humour" (Genest). "The
' Cutter,' " says Lamb, " has always appeared
ti) me the link between the comedy of
Fletcher and of Congreve. In the elegant
passion of the love scenes it approaches the
former ; and Puny (the character substituted
for the omitted poet) is the prototype of the
half-witted wits, the Brisks and Dapi)erwits,
of the latter." ''Cutter and Worm," says
AVard, " are two swaggerers who conceal
their vagabond character under cover of
their devotion to the good cause. Colonel
Jolly and his facetious daughter Aurelia
are drawn fresh from the life " (' English
Dramatic Literature'). (3) A comedy in
two acts, by David Garrick (q.v.), "taken
ill great measure from the celebrated
' Pupille ' of M. Fagan," and first acted at
Drury Lane on February 3, 1759; with
Garrick in the title part (Heartly), Miss
Pritchard as Harriet (his ward), Yates as
Sir Charles Clackit, O'Brien as young Clackit,
and Mrs. Clive as Lucy (Harriet's maid) ;
revived in 1769, 1771, 1775, 1784, 1785, 1787,
1796, 1797, and 1807. Each Clackit thinks
Harriet (who is an heiress) is in love with
him, but she gives her hand to Heartly.
Guardian Ang-el (The). A farce in
one act, by Shirley Brooks (q.v.), first
performed at the Haymarket, with Keeley
as 3fr. Dulcimer, Mrs. Keeley as Moggy
Scroggs, and other parts by H. Howe, Til-
bury, H. Vandenhofl[, and Mrs. Buckingham.
Guardian Outwitted (The). A
comic opera, written and composed by
Thomas Augustine Arne, and acted at
Covent Garden in December, 1764.
GUARDIAN SYLPH
618
GUILTY, OR NOT GUILTY
Guardian Sylph (The); or, The j
Mag"ic Rose ! A musical fairy interlude !
in one act, by C. Selby, first performed at i
the Queen's Theatre, London, in 1835, with 1
Mrs. Honey in the title part (Moonbeam),
and other roles by John Reeve, Mrs. Weston,
Mrs. Brindal, etc. ; revived at the Strand
Theatre in 1844.
Guardians (The). A comedy in five
acts, by J. Tobin, first performed at Drury
Lane in November, ISld, with Dowton and
ilrs. Harlowe as Barton and Lady Niglit-
ghade, who are guardians to Miss Sedgemoir
(Mrs. Horn) ; Wallack as Sedgemore, to whom
i>arion is guardian; Raeas W a verly (Barton's
nephew); ^Irs. Davison as Lady WeUgrove
(in love with Waverly); Harley as Hint,
Oxberry as Sapling, and G. Penley as Lord
Filigree. The piece was originally announced
as ' The Faro Table,' was printed with that
title, and was produced under that name at
Bath. The allusion was to Lady Nightshade's
attempt to sell Miss Sedgemore's jewels, in
order to have the wherewithal to set up a
faro table.
Guards (The). A drama in five acts,
by C. E. Deri.ng and John Holloway,
Theatre Royal, Plymouth, October 8, 1883.
Guardsman (The). A farcical play
in three acts, by G. R. SiMS and Cixir,
Raleigh, Court Theatre, London, October
20, 1892, with a cast including A. Cecil,
\V. G. Elliott, W. Grossmith, Miss Caroline
Hill, Miss Ellissen (Mrs. Raleigh), and Miss
E. Terriss ; produced at the Lyceum Theatre,
New York, in 1893, with H. Kelcey in the
title part, M. Le Moyne as the judge, and
Miss G. Cayvan as the American girl.
Gubbin, Sir Harry, in Steele's
"Tender Husband' ('y.v.), is brother-in-law
to Mr. Tipkin; his son IlinniJhrey is suitor
to Biddy Tipkin.— Gregory Gubbin figures
in G. COLMAN jun.'s ' Battle of Hexham.'
Gtihbins, Gaffer, in Carey's * Dragon
of Wantley' (q.v.), is the father of the
heroine, Margery. — Phineas Gubbins is a
character in H. J. BYRON'S 'Courtship'
Gudg-eons. A play in three acts, by
Louis N. Parker and " Thornton Clark "
(^Murray Carson), first performed at Terry's
Theatre, London, November 10, 1893, with
H. Waring as James Treherne, M. Carson as
Silas B. liooper. Miss Janette Steer as Mrs.
Treherne, and Miss Sybil Carlisle, W. T.
Lovell, C. Fulton, and J. Welch in other
parts ; first acted in America at the Empire
Theatre, New Y'ork, May 14, 1894.
Gudg-eons and Sharks; or, Pie-
crust Promises. A comic piece in two
acts, Haymarket Theatre, July 28, 1827.
Guerilla Chief (The). A play per-
formed at the English Opera House, London,
in 1825, with Miss Goward (Mrs. Keeley) as
a nervous lady's-maid.
Guiamara. Wife of Alvarez de Castilla,
but disguised as the mother of the gipsies.
and called by the name of Eugenia, in Mio-
DLETON's ' Spanish Gipsy ' (q\\).
Guibert. A courtier in Browning's
' Colombe's Birthday ' (q.v.).
Guichard, Madame, in Campbell
Clarke's 'Love and Honour' (q.v.).
Guiding- Star (The). (1) A drama in
three acts, by W. E. Suter (q.v.), East
London Theatre, February 1, 1868. (2) A
melodrama in five acts, by Carr Elking-
ToN, Prince of Wales's Theatre, Great
Grimsby, July 17, 1899.
Guido and Imilda. A drama in three
acts, by Reginald Moore, Theatre Royal,
Nottingham, February 24, 1869.
Guido Fawkes ; or. The Prophetess
of Ordsall Cave ! A meloihama in two
acts, by Edward Stirling, first performed
at the Queen's Theatre, .Manchester, in
June, 1840 ; afterwards played in London
at tlie English Opera and the Queen's.
Guido Ferranti. A tragedy in five
acts and blank verse, by Oscar Wildk (q.v.),
first performed at the Broadway Theatre,
New York, on January 26, 1891, with
Jiaurence Barrett as (ruido and Miss ^linnie
(iale as Beatrice (Duchess of Padua). Guido
and Beatrice are in love, and, in order that
they may marry, Beatrice kills the Duke,
(iuido, horrified, spurns Beatrice, who, in
revenge, has him tried and condemned for
the murder. Guido pretends in public that
the verdict is just ; and Beatrice, conquered
by his magnanimity, would fain pardon him.
This, however, being legally impossible, the
lovers take poison and die together. The
play, which was written in 1883, was origi-
nally entitled ' The Duchess of Padua.'
Guilbert, Sir Brian de Bois, figures
in various adaptations and burlesques of
Scott's 'Ivanhoe.'
' Guildenstern. A courtier in ' Ham-
i \Qt'(q.v.).
Guiliom. The ' False Count ' in Mrs.
Behn's farce so named (q.v.).
Guillot. (1) A character in General
Burgoyne's ' Richard C<eur de Lion ' (q.v.).
(2) A peasant in Buckstone's ' Child of the
Regiment' (q^v.).
Guiltless. A drama in four acts, by
Arthur Shirley (q.v.\ adapted from
D'Ennery's ' Martyre,' and first performed
at New Cross Public Hall, London, on
January 8, 1887. See Wife's Sacrifice.
Guilty Man (The). A drama in four
acts, by St. Aubyn Miller, Britannia The-
atre, London, July 23, 1900.
Guilty Mother (A). A drama in five
acts, by Benjamin Landeck, Theatre
Royal, Hull, January 8, 1894 ; Pavilion
Theatre, London, April 9, 1894.
Guilty, or Not Guilty. (1)A comedy
in five acts, by Thom.\s Dibdin (q.v.).
GUILTY SHADOWS
619
GUXTER
founded on a German novel called The
Reprobate,' and first performed at the Haj-
mSet in ^lay, 1804, with Elliston as
Edm!nd Rigid (a supposed reprobate, v^ho.e
character is triumphantly vmdicate 1 bef me
the end), and other parts by. ^'ath^w^, De
Camo Miss Grimani, Mrs. Gibbs, etc. C^)
A Zma by Charles F.Hilder, Grecian
Theatre, London, July 24, iss/.
r'-.-.^M^TT cjViadows. A comedy-drama
by^SliUE^DE STtt. Imperial Theatre.
London, February 6, ISSo.
Guilty without Crime A dramahza-
tion by V. de Nois and C. Y0U>G, ot Mi*^
Bmddo^n's ' Aurora Floyd.' performed m
U.S.A. in 1S90.
Guinea Gold ; or, Lights and
Jormed at the Princes£s theatre London
on September 10, 1877, %vith >Ii^^,.I^y';f
Foote as GuiMP.a Gold (an orphan), Mi^s M.
illington as Polly Dobbs Uvb. R Power as
\ry-^ Medlicott (who adopts Guinea), C
ix^rnevTjohnliawliyison, W. Rignold as
] ,vK^a«'^H.9on, H. Jackson ^^ Tweezer,
and other rdle., by W..H. Stephens, T. P.
Haynes, and Miss Fannie Leslie,
r iiinPa-Pie-s (The"). A play of modern
lif?^i four afts, l.y Flokenck Warden,
Prince of Wales's Theatre, Kennington,
London, July 24, 1S99.
rs.iiir.Pa Stamp (The). (D A drama,
act by CYRIL Hallward, Comedy Theatit , j
Loiidon, April 8, 1S96.
rtninevere, wife of King ^rf/iur, figures i
Guise The Duke and Duchess
of ti-nfre in MARLOWE'S ' ^la^.^acre at
Paris' a y )--The Duchess of Chase is the
iSiine^'oY Lord F. Leveson-Gower S
* Catherine of Cleves' (2. y.).
Gulf A character in ^Iiddleton'S
«Trick to Catch the Old One' {qv.).
Gull. Page to Jack Dapper in Middle-
ton's ' Roaring Gii-r (5-«-)-
GulUver's Travels. Swift's famous
..orkE furnished the basis of seyera
^J:am<.ti.' nieces For example : (1) ^''^}}^
ver'^Trave^l?; or Harlequin LiUiput and the
Merry Elf of the Stalactite Caves : a panto-
TDine by Robert Soutar {q.v.l Alfred
niS?vlebone) Theatre, London, December
g^'iSbT (2) 'Gulliver; oisHarlequu^
Brobdignag : ' a pantomime by H. B. FarME
?««) Crystal Palace Theatre, December 21
1870 (3) • GulUver and the Fair Persian :
i'pantomhne by Frank W. Green (q.v.),
Victoria Theatre, London
'16 1876. (5) ' Gulliver's 'J'ravels : ' a panto-
mime by Harry Paulton (q.v.), Pavilion
Theatre, London, December 26, 18/6. (b)
' Gulliver's Travels :' a spectacular piece by
Henry J. Byron (g.v.). Gaiety Theatre,
London, December 26, 1879, with IMiss L.
Farren as Gulliver, :Miss K. Vaughan as
Pretty Poll, MissC. Gilchrist as Tiddywiddi,
Miss^Vadman as Princess Tralalala, IMiss
Carrie Coote as Field-Marshal Littleimte,
Edward Terry as Scowley Groidey, E. W.
Royce as Srnuggins, W. Elton as the ' muti
December 24,
Gulliver on his Travels:' a
18'
(4)
nous mate," T. Squire as the Cr^er etc. (/)
' Gulliver's Travels : ' a children's Christmas
musical play, book by George Grossmith,
iun., music by Augustus Barrett and Oscar
Eve, Avenue Theatre, London, December 2.i,
1901. See Lilliplt.
Gulp. A character in H. J. Byron's
'Spur of the Moment' (q.v.).
Gulzara : or, The Persian Slave.
4 drama by' Mrs! Mowatt ('^i'-);."a play
without heroes, the scenes of which were
;kl vShin the walls of a Turkish harem
and which was chiefly remarkable from the
fact that the only male character was a boj
of ten years " (Laurence Hutton).
Gun Plot (The). A melodrama in three
acts, printed in 1874.
Gundy, Solomon, in Colman jun 's
'Who wants a Guinea?' (.q.v), shows a
continual anxiety to display his knowledge
of French and of high-sounding words,
^v^ich he mars by frequent absurd mis-
I applications."
i Gunilda. A tragedy by Dr. Delap,
' adS?d f rom the ' Trachini«. ' of Sophocles
i ad printed in 1803. Gunilda_ is the wife o
1 Ella King of Bernicia, who is in love witli
ELiiva. In the end, .im is murdered.
Gunmaker of Moscow. (The). A
mefodrama in three acts, mcluded m
I French's ' Standard Drama.
i Gunn, Captain, is a character in
dSg?as' JerROLD'S 'Retired from Busi-
! ness' (Q.v.).- A Mrs. Gunn figures in H. J.
ByrON^s 'Weak Woman' (q.v.).
O-nnnion, in Pinero'S ' Squire' (q.v.), is
an ?ld ni^tic, with a daughter named
Felicity.
Gunpowder Plot (A). (D A play by
ToHN oxen ford (q.v.), produced at t le
Tv?euin Theatre, London, in 3Iay lo-Jb.
ro\ A farce by SYDNEY HODGES, Olympic
^inkti4' London, May 12. 1873. See GUY
Fawkes.
Gunter, Archibald C. Author ot the
tollo"?ng pWs, all first protoc'd 'n U.* A^ .
?Cbime Novei; • Flori.la Encha5.t,n.,,t
;£^t :^^^^' M,^'S."ttS"otTexaV.
r;\\" AffiVial Wife,' 'One against Many
?,'ightstn Eome; 'A Wall Street Band.t.'
GURXEY
620
GUY FAWKES
Gurney, in Marlowe's ' Edward the
Second,' is one of the king's murderers.
Gusliing-ton, Matilda. A character
in ' Marriage at any Price ' {q. v.).
G-ust, Sir Fitful, jR.N., figures in
J. M. Morton and T. J. Williams' ' Change
Partners.'
Gustava. Sister to Gustavus, and
prisoner in Christiern's camp, in BROOKE'S
' Gustavus Vasa' (q.v.).
Gustave. A drama by E. H. Brooke
(q.v.), Alexandra Theatre, Liverpool, May
26, 1873.
Gustavus the Third; or, The
Masked Ball. (1) An historical drama
in three acts, by H. M. Milner, first per-
formed at the Victoria Theatre, London,
on November 11, 1833, with Abbott as
Gustavus, Butler as Ankarstrom, Miss P.
Horton as Oscar, and Miss ISIason as Mdme.
Ankarstrom ; at the Garrick, by Gomersal
as Gustavus, Freer as Ankarstrom, Mrs.
Conquest as Oscar, and Mrs. Pope as Mdme.
Ankarstrom, supported by Denvil and Wid-
dicombe. (2) An opera, music by Auber,
performed, with libretto by J. R. Planche
(q.v.), at Covent Garden, November 13,
1833, with Warde as Gustavus, H. Phillips
as Ajikarstroin, Miss Shirreff as Oscar, Miss
Inverarity as Mdme. Ayikarstrom, and ]Mrs.
Fitzwilliam as Arvedson. The woi-k had been
produced originally, with libretto by Scribe,
at the Paris Acad^mie, in February, 1333.
Gustavus Vasa, the Swedish patriot,
is one of the characters in Mrs. Trotter's
'Revolution of Sweden' (1706) (q.v.). He
is the hero of two other dramas :— (1) ' Gus-
tavus Vasa ; or. The Deliverer of his Country : '
an historical tragedy by Henry Brooke
(q.v.), put in rehearsal in 1739 at Drury
Lane Theatre, but refused a licence by the
Lord Chamberlain " on account of some
strokes of liberty which breathe through
several parts of it." The author thereupon
published it, and received over £1000 from
the sale. It was also acted on the Irish
stage under the title of ' The Patriot,' and,
at last, the necessary permission having
been obtained, was performed in England
for the first and only time, at Covent
Garden on December 28, 1805, with Master
Betty as Gustavus, H. Johnstone as Arvida,
Murray as Christiern, Mrs. H. Johnstone as
Christina, and Mrs. St. Leger as Augusta.
Arvida is a friend of Gustavus, Augusta is
his mother. Christierriis King of Denmark,
and has usurped the throne of Sweden.
Christina, his daughter, is in love with
Gustavus. Gustavus leads the Swedes
against the Danes, and is triumphant.
"All the important characters in this
tragedy are real persons, except Christina "
(Genest). (2) 'The Hero of the North'
(q.v.), an historical play (with songs) by "W.
DIMOND (1803).
Guthrum. Chief of the Danes in
PocoCK's ' Alfred the Great' (q.v.).
Guttle, Justice, figures in Garrick's
* Lying Valet' (q.v.).
Guv'nor (The). A farcical comedy in
three acts, announced as "by E. G. Lan-
kester," and first performed at the Vaudeville
Theatre, London, on June 24, 1880, with
.1. Maclean as Butterscotch, sen., T. Thome
as Butterscotch, jun., David James a:*
Macclesfield, ten., W. Herbert as Macclesfield,
jun., W. Hargreaves as Jellicoe, J. W. Brad-
bury as Gregory, D. B. Stuart as the Mac-
Toddy, Miss Mary Illington as Mrs. Butter-
scotch, Miss Abington as Kate Butterscotch,
Miss Sophie Larkin as Mrs. Macclesfield,
Miss Kate Bishop as Carrie Macclesfield, and
Miss Cicely Richards as Barbara; revived
at the same theatre in January, 1893, with
D. James, Miss Abington, and Miss Larkin
as before, and other parts by W. Farren,
E. W. Gardiner, Reeves Smith, Miss Annie
Hughes, and Miss May Whitty. In a private
letter Robert Reece (q.v.) wTote : " Mr.
Lankester's comedy, ' The Guv'nor,' was of
Dutch origin, but for the version which
was played at the Vaudeville, I admit my-
self responsible." The comedy was played
in the English provinces with J. F. Young
as Macclesfield, sen.. Miss Fanny Robertson
as Mrs. Macclesfield, R. Dalton as Butter-
scotch, sen., Miss E. Brunton as Mrs. Butter-
scotch, George Alexander as ButterscotcJi,
jun., and J. W. Bradbury and Miss C.
Richards in their original parts. On a
later tour, Mrs. J. F. Young was Mrs.
Macclesfield, Miss Cora Stuart Mrs. Butter-
scotch, T. W. Robertson Gregory, etc. The
piece was played at Wallack's Theatre, New
York, in January, 1886, with John Gilbert,
W. Elton (Macclesfield), Mdme. Ponisi, and
Miss Annie Robe (Carrie) in the cast.
Guy, Earl of Warwick. A tragical
history, by " B. J.," printed in 1661. Day
and Dekker are known to have collaborated
in a play on this subject in 1619.
Guy Domville. A play in three acts,
by Henry James, first performed at the
St. James's Theatre, London, January 5,
1895, with George Alexander in the title
part, Miss Marion Terry as 31 rs. Feverel,
Miss Evelyn Millard as Mary Brasier, Miss
Irene Vanbrugh as Fanny, W. G. Elliott as
Lord Devenish, H. Waring as Frank Humber,
H. V. Esmond as George Round, etc.
Guy Pawkes. The promoter of the
Gunpowder Plot is the central figure of
several dramatic pieces : — (1) ' Guy Fawkes ;
or, The Fifth of November :' a play produced
at the Haymarket on November 5, 1793.
(2) ' Guy Fawkes ; or. The Gunpowder
Plot : ' a play in two acts, by George Mac-
FARREN, produced at the Coburg in 1826,
with " O." Smith in the title character and H.
Beverley as King James. (3) ' Guy Fawkes : '
a burlesque by Albert Smith, brought out at
the Marylebone Theatre at Ea.ster, 1849, with
ISIiss Charlotte Saunders in the title part.
(4) ' Guy Fawkes' Day : ' a burlesque by F. C.
Burnand (q.v.), written at Eton about 1854
or 1855, printed at Windsor, and performed
a few times in the provinces. (5) ' Harlequin
Guy Fawkes:' an "amateur pantomime,'*
GUY MANNERING
621
GUYOMAR
produced for the benefit of Angus Reach at
the Olympic Theatre, London, on March 31,
1855, with a cast including T. K. Holmes as
Fatvkes, Albert Smith as Catesby, Arthur
Smith as Pantaloon, J. Robins as Clown,
Edmund Yates as "the lover," Miss Rosina
"Wright as Coluinbine, etc. The pantomime
was repeated at Drury Lane shortly after-
wards in aid of the Royal Naval Female
School, with Samuel Brandram as Fawkes.
(6) ' Guy Fawkes : ' a burlesque by Henry
J. Byron, first performed at the Gaiety
Theatre, London, on January 14, 1874, with
J. L. Toole as Guy Fawkes, Miss E. Farren
as Lord Monteagle, Miss C. Loseby as Tre-
aham, W. Maclean as James I., R. Soutar as
Catesby, Lionel Brough as Patentleatherby,
etc. (7) ' Guy Fawkes ; or, A New Way to
Blow up a King:' an opera-bouffe in three
acts, by John Thomas Douglas, Standard
Theatre, London, April 16, 1870. (8) ' Guy
Fawkes, Esq. : ' a burlesque in three acts,
by "A. C. TORR" (Fred Leslie) and' Her-
bert Clarke, music by G. W. Byng ; first
performed at Theatre Royal, Nottingham,
April 7, 1890 ; produced at Gaiety Theatre,
London, on the afternoon of July 26, 1890,
with Arthur Roberts in the title part, ]Miss
Fanny Marriott as Catesby, etc. (9) 'Guy
Fawkes the Traitor : ' drama in four acts by
Charles Whitlock, North Shields, July
15, 1901. See GuiDO FAWKES and Gun-
powder Plot.
Guy Manneringr; or, The Gipsy's
Prophecy. A musical play in three
acts, adapted by Daniel Terry (q.v.) from
the novel by Sir Walter Scott (1815), and
first played at Covent Garden on March 12,
1816, with Liston as Dominie Sampson,
Emery as Dandle Dinmont, Sinclair as
Henry Bertram, Abbott as Colonel Manner-
ing, Tokely as Dirk Ilatteraick, Blauchard
as Gilbert Glossin, Simmons as Bailie
Mucklethrift, Mrs. Egerton as Meg Merrilees,
Miss Stephens as Lucy Bertram, Miss
Matthews as Julia Mannering, Mrs Gibbs
as Flora, and Mrs. Davenport as Mrs. Mac-
Candlish. The overture and some incidental
songs were by Sir Henry Bishop, other
numbers being contributed by T. Attwood
and Whittaker. Hazlitt wrote of the play :
"It is a very pleasing romantic drama.
The scenes between Miss Stephens, ]Miss
Matthews, and Mr. Abbott as Lucy, Julia,
and Colonel Mannering, have a high degree
of elegance and interest." The piece was
■first represented in Scotland at the Theatre
Royal, Edinburgh, February 25, 1817, with
Mrs. H. Siddons as Meg, and W. H. Murray
as Hatteraick [soon after, the Dominie was
played by Mackay, Dinmont by Alexander,
Bertram by Benson, and Meg by Mrs.
Renaud]. The adaptation was revived at
Drury Lane in October, 1819, with Mrs.
Egerton again as Meg, Oxberry as the
Dominie, Butler as Dinmont, Braham as
Bertram, and S. Penley as Colonel Manner-
ing. Among later revivals were those at
Baltimore. U.S.A., in May, 1823. with Mrs.
Duff as Meg; at Covent Garden in 1826,
with W. Farren as the Dominie, and G.
Bentley as Hatteraick; at Boston, U.S.A.,
in 1835, with Miss Charlotte Cushman as
Ijucy; at the Park Theatre, New York, on
the afternoon of January 25, 1839, with Mrs.
Richardson (Elizabeth Jefferson) as Lucy ;
at the Park Theatre, New York, in 1840-41,
with Miss Charlotte Cushman as Meg; at
the Adelphi, Edinburgh, in 1842, with Sims
Reeves as Bertram, Power as Dinmont, Sam
Co well as Glossin, H. Corri as Gabriel, Miss
Woolgar as Lucy, and Mrs. Brookes as Aleg :
at the Adelphi, Eilinburgh, in 1847, with
W. Harrison as Bertram, R. H. Wyndham
as Colonel Mannering, J. W. Ray as the
Dominie, Miss Cleaver as Meg, Miss Coveney
as Lucy, and Miss H. Coveney as Julia :
at the Adelphi, Edinburgh, in 1849, with
Donald King as Bertram; at Glasgow in
1849, with Edmund Glover at Meg; at
Glasgow in 1852, with Miss Louisa Pyne as
Julia, and H. Corri as Dinmont ; at the
Haymarket in February, 1854, with Miss
Cushman as Meg, Miss Harland as Lucy,
Henry Compton as the Dominie, H. Howe as
Hatteraick [of this i-evival Henry Morley
wrote : " Miss Cushman's melodramatic
Meg Merrilees has quite as indisputably the
attributes of genius about it as any piece of
poetry or tragedy could have The human
tenderness blending with that Eastern
picturesqueness of gesture, the refined
sentiment breathing out from beneath that
heavy feebleness and clumsiness of rude old
age, are wonderfully startling "] ; at the
Queen's Theatre, Edinburgh, in 1855, with
W. H. Eburne as Bertram, Miss Cicely No It
as Liicy, and Mrs. Moorhouse as Meg ; at
the same theatre in 1859, with H. Irving
as Hatteraick; at Astley's, March 26, 1859,
with Mrs. Dowton as Meg, Miss Rebecca
Isaacs as Julia, Paul Bedford as Gabriel,
Anson as the Dominie; at Dunlop Street
Theatre, Glasgow, in 1863, with Henry
Haigh as Bertram, Mrs. Haigh as Julia, W.
Baynhara as Colonel Mannering, Fitzroy as
the Dominie, J. B. Howard as Hatteraick,
W. H. Kendal as Glossin, and Mrs. H.
Vandenhoff as Meg; at the New Queen's,
Edinburgh, in 1867, with Odell as the
Dominie, Pillans as Dinmont, J. B. Howard
as Hatteraick, Miss Helen Kirk as Lucy,
and Mrs. R. H. Wyndham as Meg; at the
Gaiety Theatre, London, on August 15,
1871, with Walter Montgomery as Meg, R.
Soutar as the Dominie, W. Maclean as
Dinmont, W. Mclntyre as Hatteraick, and
Miss Jane Rignold as Julia ; at Liverpool,
in 1876, with Miss Genevieve Ward as Meg ;
at the Olympic on the afternoon of February
17, 1883 [without music], with Miss Gene-
vieve Ward as Meg, Mrs. Leigh Murray as
Mrs. MacCandlish, Miss Achurch as Julia,
Miss Lucy Buckstone as Lucy, W. H. Vernon
as Dinmont, and P. Beck as Colonel Man-
nering. For other dramatizations of ' Guy
Mannering' see Witch of Derncleuch
(1821), Meg Merrilees (1873), and Spae
Wife (1886). See also Here's Another
Guy Mannering.
Guyomar. Younger son of Montezuma
(g.v.)in Dryden's ' Indian Emperor' iq.v.).
GUZMAN
GWYNNE
Guzman. A comedy by Roger, t^arl of
Orrery (q.v.), acted at Dorset Garden
between 16G7 and lti72, and printed in 1693.
It "took very well," says Downes.
Guzzle. The landlord in Fielding's
' Don Quixote in England' (q.v.).
Gwilt, Miss. See Miss Gwilt.
Gwilty Governess (Th.e) and the
Downy Doctor. A travesty by G. M.
Layton (q.v.) of Wilkie Collins's novel,
' Armadale,' first performed at the Charing
Cross Theatre, London, on May 8, 1876. witli
Miss E. Farren as 3Iiss Givilt, E. W. Royce
as Dr. Doicny, R. Soutar as Manuel, Clifford
Cooper as Major Melroy, Miss Marian
West as Arnuulale, Miss N. Chetwynd as
Midwinter, etc. See Miss Gwilt.
Gwinnett, Ambrose. See Ambrose
Gwinnett.
Gw^rn, Nell. Actress, born February 2,
1651 ; died 16S7 ; described indifferently in
various contemporary official documents
as "Ellen," "Helen," "Eleanor," and
"Ellinor," and as " Gwin," " Gwynn," and
"Gwynne;" birthplace and parentage un-
known ; said to have been born in Hereford,
where in 1883 a tablet was erected to her
memory ; the daughter, probably, of a
small tradesman. Her mother died' in 167!).
She said of herself that she was " brouglit
up in a brothel." Granger says : " She was,
at her first setting out in the world, in the
lowest rank, and sold oranges in the play-
liouse" ('Biographical History of England').
Her transition thence to the stage itself
i.s easy to understand. "Nature," says
(Granger, " seemed to have qualified her fur
the stage : her person, though below the
middle size, was well turned ; she had a
good natural air, and a sprightliness which
promised everything in comedy. She was
instructed by Hart and Lacy, and in a
.short time became eminent in her profession.
She acted the most spirited and fantastic
parts, and spoke a prologue and epilogue
with admirable address. Her flow of spirits
sometimes carried her to extravagance, but
even her highest flights rather provoked
laughter than excited disgust." Her first
recorded appearance was at the Theatre
Royal, Drury Lane, in 1665 as the original
representative of Cydaria in Drydens
' Indian Emperor.' She was also the first
interpreter of Lady Wealthy in Howard's
• English Monsieur " (1666), Florimel in Dry-
den's ' Secret Love ' (1667), Flora in Rhodes's
' Flora's Vagaries' (1667), Mirida in Howard's
' All Mistaken ' (1667), Jacinta in Dryden's
'An Evening's Love' (1668), Valeria in
Dryden's ' Tyrannic Love' (1669), and Alma-
hide in 'The Conquest of Granada' (1670).
She had been, tradition says, the mistress
successively of Hart, the actor, and of Lord
Buckhurst, when, in 1667, she attracted the
attention of Charles II., by whom she was
thereafter maintained, and by whom she
had two sons— Charles, born in 1670. created
Earl of Burford in 1676 and Duke of St.
AlbansinlGSl ; and James, Lord Beauclerc,
born in 1671. In aildition to tlie above-
named " creations," Genest assigns to her
five original parts performed (he says) at
the Duke's Theatre in 1677-8, and two more
undertaken at the Theatre Royal in 1682.
" This," says H. B. Wlieatley, "must surely
be a mistake, caused by some confusion
with the other actress who bore the same
name of Gwyn. . . . There is little doubt
but that she permanently retired in 1670.
... If there were no other reason for doubt-
ing this supposition of a return to the stage,
it would be found in the fact that in 1675
Nell was appointed a Lady of the Privy
Chamber to the Queen." Among the parts
in which she is known to have appeared
are three of Beaumont and Fletcher's— CeZio.
in ' The Humorous Lieutenant,' Bellario in
' Philaster,' and Panthea in ' A King and
No King.' For details and comments see
Downes's ' Roscius Anglicanus' (with Wald-
ron's supplement) and Pepys' Diary (between
the dates of 1665 and 1670). Burnet, in
his ' History of My Own Times,' has a short
passage concerning her connection with the
king. Madame de Sevignt?, writing with
reference to the rivalry between Nell Gwyn
and Charles's other mistress, the Duchess of
Portsmouth, says of the former: "The
actress is as haughty as mademoiselle ; . . .
she frequently steals the king from her, and
boasts whenever he gives her the preference.
.She is young, indiscreet, wild, and of an
agreeable humour ; she sings, she dances,
she acts her part with a good grace."
Aphra Behn, in dedicating to Nell her
' Feigned Courtesan,' said : " Besides all
the charms and attractions and powers of
your .sex, you have beauties peculiar to
yourself, an eternal sweetness, youth, and
air, which never dwelt in any faco but
yours." Nell was the subject of some satire
at the hands of Lord Rochester, Sir George
Etherege, and Tom Brown. After Charles's
death, she was befriended by King James,
who settled upon her and her eldest son and
his heirs, Bestwood Park, Nottinghamshire.
She died of apoplexy in November, 1687,
and Cibber tells us that " her repentance
in her last hours, I have been unquestion-
ably informed, appeared in all the contrite
symptoms of a Christian sincerity." She is
the principal figure in a number of operas
and dramas, e.g. Jerningham's ' Peckham
Frolic ' (printed, 1799), Jerrold's ' Nell Gwyn '
(183o),«Reade and Taylor's 'King's Rival'
(1854), G. A. A'Beckett's ' Charles II.' (1872),
Farnie and Cellier's ' Nell Gwynne ' (1S76),
Wills's 'Nell Gwynne' (1878), Farnie and
Planquette's 'Nell Gwvnne' (1884), Hope
and Rose's 'English Nell' (1900), and P.
Kester's ' Sweet Nell of Old Drury ' (1900).
She is also the heroine of Frankfort Moore's
volume of stories, ' Nell Gwyn, Comedian.'
See ' Memoirs of the Life of Eleanor Gwinn '
(1752), Genest's ' English Stage ' (1832), Cun-
ningham's 'Story of Nell Gwyn' (1852,
edited by H. B. Wheatley in 1892), and the
works already named.
Gwynne, Fanny. Actress ; made her
dt^hatat the Princess's Theatre, London, on
August 1, 1864, as Lxicy Fair weather in ' The
GWYNNE
ARTHUR
Streets of London' (q.v.). She was the
ofiginal Azeina in Gilbert's 'Palace of
Truth' (1870), and was Rachel in the London
i;ist of H. J. Byron's ' An English Gentle-
man ' (1871).
G-vrynne, Julia. Actress ; was the
original Leila in Gilbert and Sullivan's
' lolanthe ' (1SS2), and the first Dmitri in
H. Merivale's version of ' Fedora ' (1SS3).
In 1887 she played Lucy in a revival of ' The
Rivals ' at the Opera Comique.
Gwyna eth Vaugrlian. A drama in
two acts, by Mark Lemon (q.i:), first per-
formed at the Olympic Theatre (1840-44),
with Mrs. Stirling in the title-part, and other
rdles by Mrs. Stephens, Holl, Baker, Wild,
etc. ; music by W. L. Phillips.
Gymp. Maid to Lady Minikin in Gar-
RICK'S ' Bon Ton ' {q.v.).
Gyp. Servant to Bluslnwjton in Mo.\-
CRiEFF's ' Bashful Man ' {q.v.).
See
Gypsy Baron (The). A play, produced
at the Casino Theatre. New York, with Miss
Gypsey of the Glen (The).
Bampkvlde Moore Carew.
Georgie Dennin as Mai
•ie.
ADDENDA
Acis and Galatea. Handel's serenata
was revived at the Great Queen Street
Theatre, London, in March, 1902, under
tlie direction of E. Gordon Craig {q.v-).
Adams, Maud. American actress ;
played the leading female role in the origi-
nal casts of ' The Masked Ball,' ' Christopher,
.fnnior,' Parker's adaptation of 'L'Aiglon,'
' The Pretty Sister of Jose,' etc. She was
also the original representative in America
of Babbie in 'The Little Minister,' and she
lias been seen in the States as Juliet.
Admirable Bashville (The) ; or.
Constancy Unrewarded. A burlesque
drama in two tableaux, founded by G.
Bernard Shaw on his novel called ' Casliel
Byron's Confession ; ' Imperial Theatre,
London, June 8, 1903, with Miss F. Brough,
.Miss H. \yatson, Ben Webster, W. Wyes,
etc., in the cast.
Alice Throug-h the liOoking-Glass.
A fairy play in two acts, adaptetl from
Lewis "Carroll's ' Alice ' {q.v.) and ' Through
the Looking-Glass ;' New Theatre, London,
December 22, 1903.
All Fletcher's Fault. A play in
three acts, by Mostyn T. Pigoxt, Avenue
Theatre, London, December 19, 1903.
All on Account of Eliza. A '' rustic
comedy "in three acts, by Leo Dietrich-
stein, Shaftesbury Theatre, London, April
3, 1902.
All Sorts and Conditions of Men.
A dramatization, by Janette Steer, of
Besant and Rice's novel so named ; Metro-
pole Theatre, Camberwell, London, De-
cember 1, 1902.
Altar of Friendship (The). A
comedy in four acts.by :M adeleine Lucette
Ryley, Criterion Theatre, London, March
24, 1903, with a cast including Miss Ellis
Jeffreys, Miss L. Braithwaite, Miss K.
])ishop, Paul Arthur, H. B. AVarner, >V.
Mackintosh, etc.
American Widow (The). A come-
dietta, by ROSINA FiLiPPi, Metropole The-
atre, Camberwell, London, August 24, 1903.
Amorelle. A comic opera in three
acts, libretto by Barton White and E.
Boyd Jones, music by Gaston Serpette ;
Kennington Theatre. London, June 8, 1903,
with W. Edouin as Dr. Crou; and Miss M.
Gilman in the title-part ; Comedy Theatre,
February 18, 1904.
Andre Chenier. An opera in four
acts, by U:»iberto Giordano ; produced,
with English libretto. Queen's Theatre,
Manchester, April 2. 1903 ; Camden The-
atre, London, AprU 16, 1903.
Are You a Mason ? A farce in three
acts, adapted from the German ; Shaftes-
bury Theatre, London, September 12, 1901,
with George Giddens, Paul Arthur, and
Miss M. Illington in the cast.
Arethusa. A farcical comedy in three
acts, by Alfred Sutro, King's Theatre,
Hammersmith, London, May 25, 1903.
Arizona. A drama in four acts, by
Augustl's Thomas {q.v.), Adelphi Theatre,
London, February 3, 1902.
Arm of the Law (The). A play in
three acts, adapted by Arthur Boirchier
from ' La Robe Rouge ' of Brieux ; Garrick
Theatre, London, February 16, 1904, with
A. Bourchier as Mouzon and Miss V. Yan-
brugh as Yanetta.
Arthur, Julia. American actress ;
appeared at the Lyceum, London, as Lady
Anne in 'Richard III.' (1896), Sophia in
Wills's ' Olivia ' (1S97), and the Prince.';.^ of
Piond)ino in Sardou's ' Madame Sans Gene'
(1897).
ASHWELL
BRAITHWAITE
Ashwell, liena. Actress; was in the
original cast of Comyns Carr's ' King
Arthur' (1S95), ' Grierson's Way' (1S99),
' Mrs. Dane's Defence ' (1900), ' Chance, the
Idol ' (1902), Sardou's ' Dante ' (1903), ' The
Darling of the Gods ' (1903), etc.
Austin, Alfred. Poet-laureate and
dramatic writer ; author of ' Flodden Field,'
a drama in blank verse (His Majesty's
Theatre, London, 1903), and ' A Lesson in
Harmony,' a comedietta in prose (Garrick
Theatre, 190i).
Bancroft, Georg-e P. Dramatic writer ;
author of ' The Birthday ' (1894), ' The Little
Countess ' (1903), etc
Barker, Granville. Actor and dra-
matic writer ; author of ' The Marrying of
Ann Leete ' (1902) ; played Speed in ' The
Two Gentlemen of Verona,' and Marchhanks
in G. B. Shaw's * Candida,' at the Court
Theatre, London, in 1904.
Barrett, Oscar. Musical composer
and theatrical manager ; producer of panto-
mimes both in London and in the provinces ;
appointed director of the Royal, Prince's,
and Gaiety Theatres, Manchester, in Fe-
bruary, 1903.
Bebe. A musical comedy by F. Kinsey
Peile and Harold Ellis, Southend-on-
Sea, October 21, 1901 ; Theatre Metropole.
Camberwell, London, October 28, 1901.
Becky Sharp. (1) A play in four acts,
adapted from Thackeray's ' Vanity Fair,'
by David Balsillie ; Grand Theatre,
Croydon, June 24, 1901, with Miss Annie
Hughes in the title-part. (2) A play in five
acts, adapted from ' Vanity Fair,' by Robert
HiCHENS and COSMO Gordon Lennox ;
Prince of Wales's Theatre, London, August
27, 1901, with Miss Marie Tempest as Beck}/,
GUbert Hare as Lord Steyne, and Leonard
Boyne as Rawdon Crawley.
Beerbolim, Max. Playwright and
dramatic critic ; author of ' The Happy
Hypocrite ' (1900) ; part author of * The Fly
on the Wheel' {q.v.) (1902).
Belle of Cairo (The). A musical
play written by Cecil Raleigh and F.
Kinsey Peile, with music by the latter ;
Court Theatre, London, October 10. 1896,
with Miss May Yohe in the title-part, and
other roleshy Miss Giulia Warwick, Michael
Dwyer, etc.
Ben-Hur. A drama in sis acts, adapted
hy William Young from General Lew
Wallace's novel so named ; Drury Lane
Theatre, April 3, 1902, ^vith Robert Taber
in the title-part, and other roles by Miss
C. Collier, Miss M. Milton, S. Valentine,
J. E. Dodson, Basil GUI, etc.
Best of Friends (The). A drama in
four acts, bv Cecil Raleigh ; Drury Lane
Theatre, September 18, 1902, with a cast in-
cluding Mrs. John Wood, Mrs. C. Raleigh,
S. Valentine, H. Standing, Conway Tearle,
etc.
Beyond Human Power. A drama
in two acts, by B.iornstjerne Bjornson.
translated into English by Jessie Muir ;
Royalty Theatre, London, November 7,
1901, with Mrs. Patrick Campbell as the
heroine.
Billy's Little Love Affair. A
"light comedy" in three acts, by H. V.
Esmond, Criterion Theatre, London, Sep-
tember 2, 1903, with Miss Eva Moore in
the leading role, and other parts by Miss
Florence St. John, Miss Granville, C. Groves,
A. Aynesworth, S. Sothern, etc.
Bishop's Move (The). A comedy in
three acts, by "John Oliver Hobbes"
(Mrs. Craigie) and Murray Carsun ;
Garrick Theatre, London, June 7,1902, wit!;
Arthur Bourchier, H. B. Warner, Miss Jessie
Bateman, and Miss Violet Vanbrugh in the
chief characters.
Bjornson, Bjornstjerne. See Bank-
ruptcy ; Beyond Human Power ; Gaunt-
let (The) ; Laboremus.
Bleak House. A play adapted by
Oswald Brand, from the story by Charles
Dickens ; Grand Theatre, Islington, June 1,
1903.
Blue Moon (The). A musical play in
three acts, written by Harold Ellis and
Percy Greenbank, composed by UoAvard
' Talbot ; Opera House, Northampton, Fe-
! bruary 29, 1904.
I Bluebell in Fairyland. A "musical
' dream-play," in two acts, written by
; Seymour Hicks and Aubrey Hopwood,
' with music bv Walter Slaughter ; Vaude-
I ville, December 18, 1901, with Miss Ellaline
I Terriss as Bluebell.
i Bob. An operetta in one act, written
by Cunningham Bridgman, composed by
Francois Cellier; Her Majestv's Theatre,
Walsall, April 8, 1903 ; Adelpbi Theatre,
London, June 18, 1903.
Bohemos. A play in one act, adapted
by John Davidson from the French of
ISiigiiel Zamacois ; Court Theatre, London,
January 9, 1904, vdth C. Lander in the title-
part and Miss T. Norman as Leonida.
Bond, Acton. Actor ; represented
Prospero in 'The Tempest' and Valentine
in ' The Two Gentlemen of Verona ' at the
Courc Theatre, London, 1904.
Boom of Big- Ben (The). A drama in
four acts, adapted by Arthur Shirley,
from ' Le Porteur aux Halles ; ' Pavilion
Theatre, London, E., November 18, 1901.
Braithwaite, Lilian. Actress ; played
Marina in 'Pericles' (q.v.) at Stratford-ou-
Avon ; was in the first casts of ' Eleanor '
(1902), ' Love's Carnival ' (1903), ' Saturday
to Monday' (1904), etc.
BRAND
CLOCKWORK MAN
Brand, Os-wald. Dramatic writer ;
author of adaptations of ' Dr. Nikola' (1902),
• Monte Cristo ' (1903), ' Bleak House * (1903),
'No Thoroughfare' (1903), 'Oliver Twist'
(1903), etc. ; author, also, of ' The Bridge of
Sighs' (1904), etc.
Branscombe, Arthur. Dramatic
writer ; author of * Morocco Bound ' (1893),
' King Kodak ' (1894), etc.
Breed of the Treshams (The). A
play in four acts, by John Rutherford,
Newcastle-on-Tyne, September 28, 1903,
with Martin Harvey in the chief male role ;
Kennington Theatre, London, December 7,
1903.
Bridge of Sigrhs (The). A melodrama
by Oswald Brand, Grand Theatre, Isling-
ton, London, April 4, 1904.
Brown, Vincent. Novelist and dra-
matic writer ; author of ' The Greater Love '
(1901), ' The Golden Age ' (1902), etc.
Caesar's "Wife. A play in one act,
translated from ' L'Enigme ' of Paul Her-
vieu ; Wyndham's Theatre, London, March
1, 1902, with a cast including Miss Lena
Ashwell, Miss Fay Davis, C. Warner,
Leonard Boyne, F. Kerr, etc.
Captain Brassbound's Conver-
sion. A romantic play in three acts, by
George Bernard Shaw, Queen's Theatre,
Manchester, May 12, 1902, with Miss Janet
Achurch as Lady Cecily Waynflete and
Charles Charrington as Sir Howard Hallam.
Captain Dieppe. A light comedy in
three acts, by Anthony Hope and Har-
rison Rhodes, produced originally in
America ; Duke of York's Theatre, London,
February 15, 1904, with H. B. Irving in the
title-part, and Miss Irene Vanbrugh as the
Countess Lucia.
Captain Kettle. A drama in four
acts, founded by Malcolm Watson and
Murray Carson on Cutcliffe Hyne's story ;
Adelphi Theatre, London, October 23, 1902,
Mith Murray Carson in the title-part.
Cardinal (The). A drama in four
acts, by Louis N. Parker, originally pro-
duced at Montreal, Canada ; St. James's
Theatre, London, August 31, 1903, with E.
S. Willard in the title-part, and H. Waring,
C. F'ulton, Miss M. Hoffman, and Miss
H. Ferrers in other roles.
Carr, Philip. Dramatic writer ; part-
author of 'Shock-headed Peter' (1900);
author of ' Snowdrop and the Seven Little
Men ' and ' Brer Rabbit and Brer Fox '
(1903).
Carrots. A play in one act, adapted
by Alfred Sutro from the French of
Jules Renard ; Theatre Royal, Dublin, Oc-
tober 18, 1900, with J. Forbes-Robertson
and Miss Gertrude Elliott in the chief
parts ; Garrick Theatre, London, April 22,
Chance, the Idol. A play in four
acts, by Henry Arthur Jones; Wynd-
ham's Theatre, London, September 9, 1902
with Miss Lena Ashwell, Miss Winifred
Arthur Jones, Graham Browne, and H V.
Esmond in the chief parts.
Cherry Girl (The). A musical play
in two acts, written by Seymour Hicks
and Aubrey Hopwood, and composed by
Ivan Caryll ; Vaudeville Theatre, London,
December 21, 1903, with Miss Ellaline
Terriss and Seymour Hicks in the leading
characters.
Children of King-s (The). A legend-
ary romance in four acts, taken from the
German of E. Rosmer by Frederick Lang-
bridge and A. H. Ferro (incidental music
by Humperdinck) ; Theatre Royal, Dublin,
September 4, 1902. See Children of the
King.
Chinese Honeymoon (A). A musical
play in two acts, libretto by George Dance,
music by Howard Talbot ; Theatre Roval,
Hanley, October 16, 1899, with Lionel Rig-
nold as Mr. Pineapple; Strand Theatre,
London, October 5, 1901, with L. Rignold
as before. Miss I\I. A. Victor as 3[rs. Brown,
Miss B. Edwards as Soo Soo, Miss Ellas Dee
as Mrs. Pineapi:)le, and Miss Louie Freear
as Fi Fi.
Christian King- (The) ; or, Alfred
of Engle-land. A play in five acts, by
Wilson Barrett, Prince's Theatre, Bristol,
November 6, 1902, with the author in the
title-part ; Adelphi Theatre, London, De-
cember 18, 1902.
Cingalee (The). A musical play in
two acts, written by J. T. Tanner, Adrian
Ross, and Percy Greenbank, composed
by Lionel Monckton and Paul Rubens ;
Daly's Theatre, London, March 5, 1904, with
a cast including Miss Isabel Jay, Miss Sybil
Arundale, Rutland Barrington, C. Hay den
Coffin, Huntley Wright, etc.
City of Sin (A). A drama by Arthur
Shirley and William Muskerry, Theatre
Royal, Barnsley, December 22, 1902 ; Surrey
Theatre, London, F'ebruary 9, 1903.
Clean Slate (A). A comedy in three
acts, by R. C. Carton, Criterion Theatre,
London, February 10, 1903, with Miss Comp-
ton. Miss M. A. Victor, Brandon Thomas,
C. W. Somerset, Robb Harwood, and W,
^Mackintosh in the cast.
Climbers (The). A play in four acts,
by Clyde F'itch, originally produced in
America ; Comedy Theatre, London, Sep-
tember 5, 1903, with H. Reeves-Smith, S.
Valentine, Miss Lily Hanbury, Miss Lottie
Venne, and Miss Fannie Ward in the lead-
ing characters.
Clockwork Man (The). A play in
three acts, by Charles Hannan, Theatre
Royal, Richmond, December 12, 1901 ; since
entitled ' The Electric Man.'
2S
CONSCIENCE
ELLIS
Conscience. A play in three acts,
adapted by Jane Wii-SON from the C4erman
of Felix Philippi : Opera House, Leicester,
]May 9, 1902, with \V. H. Kendal and Mrs.
Kendal in the leading roles; afterwards
entitled ' Mrs. Hamilton's Silence.'
Country Girl (A); or, Town and
Covmtry. A musical play, book by J.
T. Tanner, lyrics by Adrian Ross, and
music by Lionel Monckton ; Daly's Theatre,
London, January IS, 1902, v/ith a cast in-
cluding C. Harden Coffin, Rutland Barring-
ton, Huntley Wright, Miss L. Eldee, Miss
Ethel Irving, and Miss Evie Greene.
Country Mouse (A). A play in three
acts, by Arthur Law, Theatre Royal,
Worthing, February 21, 1902; Prince of
Wales's Theatre, London, February 27, 1902,
with Miss Annie Hughes, Miss Granville,
J. D. Beveridge, F. Volp6, G. du Maurier,
and C. W. Somerset in the cast.
Corisin Kate. A comedy in three acts,
by Hubert Henry Davies, Haymarket
Theatre, London, June 18, 1903, with Cyril
Maude, Miss Carlotta Addison, and Miss
Ellis Jeffreys in the chief parts.
Cross and tlie Crescent (The). An
opera in four acts, founded on John David-
son's 'For the Crown' (q.v.), composed by
Colin INI'Alpin, Covent Garden Theatre,
September 22, 1903.
Cure (The). A "melodramatic grim
farce," in three acts, by Weedo.v Gros-
SJiiTH. Gaiety Theatre, Dublin, April 18,
1903 ; King's Theatre, Hammersmith, June
8, 1903.
Cynthia. A play by Hubert H. Davies,
originally performed in America, with Miss
Elsie de Wolfe in the title role ; Wyndham's
Theatre, London, May, 1904, with Miss
Ethel Barrymore as Cynthia, Gerald du
Maurier as her husband, and Charles Groves
as her father-in-law.
Darling: of the Gods (The). A play
in five acts, by David Belasco and John
Luther Long, originally produced in
America ; His Majesty's Theatre, London,
December 2S, 1903, with H. Beerbohm Tree,
Basil Gill, and ^liss Lena Ashwell in the
principal characters ; burlesqued (as ' The
Darling of the Guards ') in ' The School-
Girl '(5. v.). Prince of Wales's Theatre, Fe-
bruary 19, 190i.
Davies, Hubert Henry. Dramatic
writer; author of 'Cynthia' (q.v.), 'Mrs.
Gorringe's Necklace ' (.1903), ' Cousin Kate '
(1903), etc.
Death of Tintagriles (The). A
tragedy in four scenes, by Maurice
Maeterlinck, with musical accompani-
ment and interludes by A. Von Ahn Carse ;
St. George's Hall, London, July 22, 1902.
Diarmid and Grazia. A plav in
three acts, by George Moore and W, B.
Yeats, Gaiety Theatre, Dublin, October 21,
1901.
Dick Hope. A play in three acts, by
Ernest Hendrie, Theatre Royal, Man-
chester, November 20, 1903, with W. H.
Kendal and Mrs. Kendal in the chief i-oles ;
Coronet Theatre, London, December 7, 1903.
Dolly Varden. A comic opera in two
acts, words by Stanislaus Stange, music
by Julian Edwards, originally produced in
America ; Avenue Theatre, London, October
1, 1903, with Miss :Mabel Oilman in the title-
part.
Dr. Nikola. An adaptation, by Ben
Landeck and Oswald Brand, of Guy
Boothby's novel, Princess's Theatre, Lon-
don, March 29, 1902.
Dream (A). A play in one act, by
Lady Bancroft, Shakespeare Theatre,
Liverpool, September 23, 1903.
Du Barry. A play by David Belasco,
produced originally in New York, with Mrs.
Leslie Carter (q.v.j in the title-pai't.
Du Maurier, George. See Trilby.
Du Maurier, Gerald. Actor and
dramatic writer ; part-author of ' Charles
the First and Second,' a comedietta (1901) ;
was in the original cast of 'A Country
Mouse ' (1903), ' Little Mary ' (1903), etc.
Duchess of Dantzic (The). A ro-
mantic light opera in three acts, book and
lyrics by Henry Hamilton, music by Ivan
Caryll ; Lyric Theatre, London, October 17,
1903, with Miss Evie Greene as the Duchess,
Denis O'SuUivan as the Duke, Holbrook
Blinn as Aajjoleon, etc.
Durand, Charles [Isaac Charles Bing-
ley]. Operatic vocalist and theatrical man-
ag'er, born 1827, died March 18, 190i.
Earl and the Girl (The). A musical
comedy in two acts, written by Seymour
Hicks and Percy Greenbank, composed
by Ivan Caryll ; Adelphi Theatre, London,
December 10, 1903.
Edge of the Storm (The). A play
by Margaret Young, produced at the
linke of York's Theatre, London, May,
1904, with J. Forbes Robertson and Miss
Gertrude Elliott in the principal parts.
Eleanor. A play in four acts, founded
by Mrs. Humphry Ward on her novel so
named ; Court Theatre, London, October 30,
1902, with Miss Marion Terry in the title
role. Miss E. Robins as Alice, and other
parts by ^Nliss L. Braithwaite- Miss R.
Filippi, and C. Quartermaine.
Ellis, Harold. Dramatic writer ; son
of W. L. J. Ellis (q.v.); author of 'The
Blue INIoon ' (q. v.), ' A Little Supper,' ' The
New Dean,' ' The Freshman,' etc. ; joint
author of ' B^be ' (q.v.), * Young Mr. Yarde '
' Qq.v.), etc.
EM'LY
GRASS WIDOW
Era'ly. An adaptation, by T. Gideon
Warren and Ben Landeck, of 'David
Copperfield ; ' Adelphi Tlieatre, London,
August 1, 1903, with Miss M. Lessing as
Ein'ly, C. Cartwright as Dan'l, F. Cooper as
Ham, Ben Webster as Steer/orth, etc.
Eng-lish Daisy (An). A musical
comedy in two acts, written by Seymour
Hicks, composed by Walter Slaughter,
County Theatre, Reading, August 11, 1902 ;
Alexandra, Stoke Newington, September
15, 1902.
Eternal City (The). A drama in five
acts, by Hall Caine, His Majesty's The-
atre, London, October 2, 1902, with H. Beer-
bohm Tree and Miss Constance Collier in
the principal roles.
Eve. A drama in five acts, adapted
from tlie German of Richard Toss ; Shake-
speare Theatre, London, November 25, 1901.
Exile (The). A play in three acts, by
Lloyd Osbourne and ArsxiN Strong,
Royalty Theatre, London, 3Iay 9, 1903.
Eye for an Eye (An); or, Paying"
ofif Old Scores. A drama in four acts,
by Alfred F. Robins and Paul Morris,
JNIetropole Theatre, London, February 28,
1901.
Fairy's Dilemma (The). A "do-
mestic pantomime" in two acts, by W. S.
Gilbert, Garrick Theatre, London, May,
1904, with A. Bourchier, S. Valentine, Miss
J. Bateman, and ]\Iiss V. Vanbrugh in the
principal parts.
Eenn, Frederick. Dramatic writer ;
author of 'The Honourable Ghost' (1902),
' .Judged by Appearances ' (1902), ' A Married
Woman ' (1902), 'A Scarlet Flower' (1903);
part-author of "Op o' my Thumb' and
'Saturday to ^Monday' (1904).
Ferreol de Meyrac. A play in four
acts, adapted by Herbert Dansey from
the 'Ferreol' of Victorien Sardou (q.v.);
Royalty Theatre, London, February 26, 1904,
with :M"iss Kate Rovke as the heroine.
Fiamma. A play in four acts, trans-
lated from the French of Mario LTchard by
J. T. Grein and Henry Hooton ; Prince
of Wales's Theatre, London, January 9,
1903.
Finishing- School (The). A "ro-
mance " by Max Pemberton, Wyndham's
Theatre, London, June, 1904, with Miss
Annie Hughes as the heroine.
Flodden Field. A drama, in a pre-
lude and two acts, by Alfred Austin,
His Majesty's Theatre, June 8, 1903, with
Fred Terry as James IV., Oscar Asche as
Earl of Surrey, Miss Constance Collier as
Lady Heron, and other parts by I\Iiss M.
Clements, H. Ainley, etc.
Flood Tide (The). A "melofarce"
in four acts, by Cecil Raleigh, Drurv
Lane Theatre, September 17, 1903, with a
cast including Mrs. Beerbohm Tree, Miss
M. Halstan, Miss C. Romaine, Weedon
Grossmith, C. W. Somerset, etc.
Fly on the "Wheel (The). A comedy
in three acts, by Max Beerbohm and
Murray Carson, Coronet Theatre, London,
December 4, 1902, with Murray Carson and
Miss Esme Beringer in the principal parts.
For S-word or Song. A poetical
musical play, constructed by Louis Cal-
vert, written by Robert George Legge,
and composed by Raymond Roze ; Theatre
Roval, Newcastle-on-Tvne, September IS,
1902, with Fred Terry and Miss Julia
Neilson in the chief characters ; Shaftes-
bury Theatre, London, January 21, 1903.
Ganthony, Kichard. Dramatic
writer ; author of ' The Message from Mars '
(1899), ' The Prophecy ' (1902), etc.
Gentleman of France (A). A play
founded by Harriet Ford upon the story
so named by Stanley Weyman ; produced
originally in America; Avenue Theatre,
London, June, 1904, with Murray Carson
and ISIiss Esme Beringer as the hero and
the heroine.
Gioconda, La. This opera by Pon-
CHIELLI was produced, with an English
libretto, at the Kennington Theatre, Lon-
don, :May 6, 1903.
Glittering Gloria. A farce in three
acts, by Hugh Morton, Wyndham's The-
atre, London, July 21, 1903.
Golden Age (The). A play in four
acts, by Vincent Brown, Worthing,
Sussex, July 7, 1902.
Golden Rose (The); or, The Scarlet
Woman. A " bas-relief " by Ian Robert-
son, Imperial Theatre, London, June 8,
1903, with Miss Lily Hanbury as "the
scarlet woman."
Gordon-Lennox, Cosmo. Dramatic
writer ; author of ' The Marriage of Kitty '
(1902), 'Just like Callaghan' (1903), and
' How to win Him,' all adapted from the
French.
Grass "Widow (The). A farce in three
acts, by Madeleine Lucette Ryley,
Devonshire Park Theatre, Eastbourne, May
26, 1902.
END OF VOL. I.
FEINTED SX WILLIAM CL0WE3 AND SONS, LiaiTED, LONDON AND BECCLDa.
Q
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